amani sanshodhan sanstha

amani sanshodhan sanstha hii eka sanshodhan sanstha aahe jee muheza jilhyatil amani yethe, sadhyachya tanzaniyatil ishanyekadil pradeshachya paschim usambara parvatanvar aahe. heey parvat purvekadil kamaan parvatancha bhag aahet, jeey keniyapasoon tanzaniyaparyant pasarlele aahet aanee ushnakatibandhiy dhaganchya jangalanni vyapalele aahet jyanni adviteey utkrantivadi sthanikatecha dirgh kaal sahan keela aahe.
itihas.
amani sanstheche agradoot kwai yetheel krishi chachani kendra hote, jeey 1896 pasoon usambaramadhye ubharale gele hote. "jaree amani heey germanychya vasahatvadi sanshodhan kendranpaiki sarvat prasiddha hote, jeey 20 lakhanchya guntavanukiche pratinidhitva karat hote, parantu teey uttarekadil anek german krishi kendranpaiki fakt eka hote. aanakhi eka, jyala kwai pharm mhanatat aanee teey jawalchya paschim usambaramadhye sthit aahe, teey amanichya aadhi shetee aanee pashudhan prayogansathi vasahatche mukhya kendra hote. kwaimadhye amanichi aantarrashtriy pratishtha navhati, parantu tarihi tyachya savalit savalit africi lokanchya manat tyache pramukh sthan hote."
kwai prayogik kendra lavkarach rajyachya malakiche jhaale aanee shevati teey dirghakalin bhadepattidharak ludwig ilich yanna vikale gele. 
1890 salapasoonach, richard hindorfane german purv aafriket sanshodhan kendranchya kalpanela british aanee dutch vasahatinmadhil itar tatsam kendranchya namunyansah protsahan dile hote.
hindorf heey vasahatvadi aarthik samitiche (germanh "colonial-wirtschaftliches komiti") saha-sansthapak dekhil hote, jyanni juuna 1898 madhye berlinmadhye tharav manjur keela, "reach kulpatikade sadar karnyasathi qee tethe tayar aahe... 1899 madhye german purv africene usambaramadhye ushnakatibandhiy sanskratinsathi sanshodhan kendra sthapan karnyachya aanee chalavanyachya uddeshane 100,000 gunanchi berries kelee."dow. hindorfah" "usambaramadhil ushnakatibandhiy sanskratinsathi eka sanshodhan kendra" "aanee praa. yanchya sanlagn lekhanni hii sadar karane nyayya tharavale". dow. oto warbergh "usambaramadhil ushnakatibandhiy pikansathi prayogik kendrachi garaj aanee tyachi kimmat".
nisargshastradnya aanee pranishastradnya franz stoolman yanchya madatine haah prakalp lavkarach karyanvit jhaala aanee stoolman yanchya soochanenusar september 1902 madhye, purv usambara parvataranganmadhye, tanga yaa bandar shaharachya antargat bhagat sthit, amani sansthechi sthapana karnyat aalee. 1903 madhye kaam suru jhaale aanee carl bronney pramukh mhanoon padbhar swikaranyapurvi vanaspatishastradnya albrecht zimmerman yanni tyache digdarshan kele, parantu zimmerman punha tyache uttaradhikari jhaale. 1920 paryant zimmerman aanee tyache karmchari amanimadhye kaam karat hote, jevha british sarkarne tyanna barkhast kele. 1905 teey 1906 chya akheriparyant, franz stoolman heey vaiyaktikaritya amaniche digdarshak hote.
jaivik-krishi sanshodhan kendra mhanoon suruvat karnari hii sanstha amani jaivik-krishi sanstha (germanh "biologish-landwartshaftlyche institute amani") mhanoon olakhali jaau lagali. pudhil varshanmadhye sanshodhanachya itar kshetranmadhye tyacha zapatyane vistar jhaala aanee lavkarach tee 'british vasahati aanee snrakshak rajyanmadhil konatyahi goshtipeksha shreshth aanee bharatatil pusa kinwa javamadhil buitenzorg yetheel dutch aasthapaneshi tulana karata yenari ushnakatibandhiy vaidnyanik sanstha' bunley."
vanaspatishastratil karya.
stoolmanne purv aafriket sincona salchya zadanchi pahili paddhatshir lagwad suru kelee, jee maleriyavar maat karnyasathi quininechya utpadanasathi vaparali jaanar hotee. tatkalin royal botanical museum, berlin yetheel prasiddha vanaspati vargikaranshastradnya aanee berlin vidyapithatil pradhyapak edolph ingler yanni tyanna pathavalelya biyanyanpasun usambaramadhye shekado kapoorchi zaade lavnyache nirdeshahi tyanni dile, jyanni tee japanmadhun midavali hotee. 1903 madhye edolph inglerne sansthela vanaspatinche 859 namune pradan kele, jyat vyavsayikdrushtya mahattvachya ushnakatibandhiy vanaspati aanee itar ushnakatibandhiy vanaspatinche 208 namune samavisht aahet. 
stoolmanne 1896 pasoon buitenzorgmadhye kaam kaam albrecht zimmermanla vanaspatishastra sanshodhanachya uddeshane amani yethe aanale. akheris 1911 madhye teey sanstheche sanchalak jhaale. zimmerman heey pramukhyane coffey lagvaditil tadnya mhanoon olakhale jaat hote aanee alpavadhitach tyanni sansthela aantarrashtriy manyata midvoon dilee. lavkarach aafriketil vasahatvadi shaktinsathi teey vanaspatishastra aanee krishi sanshodhanache kendra banale. yethe simankit bhagat garbhadhan sanshodhan karnyat aale. vanaspati shariravidnyan, kitakshastra, vanaspati vishavidnyan aanee keetak niyantranachi shakyata heey serve shahee sansthechya karyakshetracha bhag hote, tasech lagvadichya paddhati aanee sthanik vanaspati upcharanvaril sanshodhan hote. sansthetil serve sukshmadarshake jenamadhil carl ziskadun aalee hotee aanee laushapasun kachechya vastoo pasant kelya jaat hotya. tatkalin aadhunik prayogshaletil upkarananchya yadya ajunahi daar ess salammadhil tanzaniachya rashtriy abhilekhanmadhye aahet.
amani heey jagatil sarvat mothe vrukshavruksham honar hote. aushadhi vanaspati (udaa.eae. sincona ess. pii. pii.), fale aanee masale (udaa.jee. garcinia spp.), maulyavan lakud (udaa.jee. cedrella, nilgiri), saundaryaprasadhane (i.eae. kananga), rubber, tantu, teel (udaa.jee. hevia) aanee sajavatichi zaade (udaa.jee. pankhyachya talahati).
1914 madhye amani granthalayat sumare 4,000 pustake aanee 300 niyatkalike hotee. amani yethe thevalele bahutansh sahitya aanee asankhya namune 1918 madhye berlinmadhye aanale gele, parantu 1943 madhye berlinchya aushadhi vanaspatichya godamavar bombney hallah keela aanee sahitya nasht jhaale.
vaidyakeey yogdan.
prasiddha rogshastradnya, berlin vidyapithatil svachchateche pradhyapak aanee navyane sthapan jhalelya swachchata sanstheche (german 'hygieneshane institute') sanchalak aanee 1891 pasoon sansargjanya rog sanstheche sanchalak (germanh 'institute phara infectionscrankiten') robbert koch heey amanila bhet bhet sarvat prasiddha pahunyanpaiki eka hote.
sansthet suru asalelya sakhol sanshodhanat tyanni bhag ghetala aanee heey dakhavun dile qee, 'sampoorn mahinabhar jaminivar paanee sachale asatana' mothya pavasat maleriyache hangami praman sarvadhik hote, asha prakare kiswahilichya mhananyala pushti milate, 'hakuna masika yasio maboo' ('dasanshivay paus padat nahee'). tyanni yaa aajarasathi 12 divasancha ushmayan kalavadhi dekhil darshavila. 1, 300 meater unchipeksha jaast unchivar maleria nasalyachya tyachya nirikshanat usambara parvatanchi unchi mahattvapoorn tharali. december 1904 madhye, kochkade german purv aafriket purv kinarpattivaril guranchya tapacha abhyas karnyasathi pathvanyat aale aanee tyanni keval yaa rogavarach navhe tarr babysia aanee trypanosomachya rogkarak prajatinvar aanee tickborne spirocatosisvar dekhil mahattvapoorn nirikshane kelee, teey gharee paratalyavar yaa jivanvar tyanche kaam suru thewale. 1905 madhye, kshayarogasandarbhat kelelya tyanchya shodh aanee shodhansathi tyanna shariravidnyan kinwa aushadhasathi nobel paritoshik midale."
robbert koch aanee tyancha chamoo emimadhye rahile aanee nantar african sleeping sickness african trypanosomiasisvaril tyanchya sanshodhanacha bhag mhanoon tyanni ugandala moheem kelee. tanganyikacha paschim bhag, visheshtah talavajaval, zopechya aajarachya 'mahamari' neey grast hota, yaa aajarane shejarchya ugandalahi grassley hote. yaa rogacha motha udrek purv aafriket shatkachya suruvatila (1896-1910) jhaala hota aanee yaa pradeshat sthanik asanyaivaji yaa paschim africa kinwa kongomadhun aayat kelelya sathichya rog hotya asey vyapakpane manale jaat hote. purv aafrikechya british sanrakshit pradeshat, aata yuganda, 'mahamari' chya kalat, zopechya aajarachya prakarananche pahile prakashit varnan 1901 madhye mengo yetheel church missionary society (see. emm. ess.) rugnalayat karnyat aale. asha prakare david broos aanee tyachi patni march 1903 madhye david nunes nabarosah entbay yethe pohochale. attoxil aushadhachi chachani karnyasathi, koch punha 1906-7 madhye aala. atoxilla antoin bechampane asey naav dile, jyane 1859 madhye aarsenikchya tulanet tyachi qamee visharipana darshavinyasathi arsenic aamlasah anilynchi pratikriya deuun tyache sanshleshan kele. 1906 madhye, paul erlich (1854-1915) aanee alfried birthame (1879-1914) yanni atoxilche sanrachanatmak sootra shodhun kadhale hote aanee erlichya 'magic bullet' neey lakshyit upcharpaddhatichi shakyata vadhavali hotee. kochanachya paddhatinni alikadech tyachya atoxilchya chachanyambaddal naitik prashna upasthit kele aahet, kaaran yaa aushadhache andhatvasah gambhir dushparinam hote. 
jaree german vasahatvadi rajvatit vaidnyanik sanshodhan kendra mhanoon amani sanshodhan sanstha jaagtik prasiddha jhaali asali, taree britishanni yaa pradeshavar niyantran midvalyanantar tyane aapali aantarrashtriy pratishtha kayam thewali.
pahilya mahayuddhatil bhoomika.
pahilya mahayuddhachya kalat, jevha kendratil shastradnyanni vividh utpadane vikasit kelee tevha amani sanshodhan sansthene sanshodhanat aapali aantarrashtriy pratishtha majboot kelee. yamadhye yuddhatil garja bhagavanyasathi sthanik sahityapasun aanee german vasahati urvarit jagapasoon tutun padalya hotya aanee kahihi aayat karoo shakat navhatya asha velee german vasahatikaranachya aushadhancha aanee rasayanik utpadanancha samavesh hotah
"vasahatit utpadit vastoo aanee samanyatah europemadhun aayat kelelya vaidyakeey purvathyachya utpadanat lakshaniy chaturya disun aale. amani institute aanee emm. pii. vapava yethe quinine tayar kele gele...sthanik chhalanpasun rangeet padarth banavale jaat asat. yuddhachya pahilya athara mahinyant 'amani krishi sanshodhan sansthene' swatachya utpadananpasun 16 prakarche khadyapadarth aanee madya, 11 prakarche masale, 12 prakarchi aushadhe aanee aushadhe, 5 prakarchi rubber utpadane, 2 prakarchi sabanachi, 2 prakarchi teel aanee menbattyanchi, 3 takke nauka banavanyasathi vaparali jaanari samagri aanee 10 vividh padarth vaparnyasathi tayari kelee. yapaiki anek tulanene mothya pramanat tayar kele gele hote, udaa.15, 200 viskeechya batalya aanee itar madyarkyukt madya, 10,252 paund. chocolate aanee kokaaa, toothpouderche 2,652 tukade, sabanache 10,000 tukade, erandel telachya 300 batalya ii.' 
pahilya mahayuddhanantarche upkram.
pahilya mahayuddhatil german parabhavanantar, britishanni tanganyikache prashasana tabyat ghetale, pratham rashtranchya sanghatnene aadesh dilyapramane aanee nantar sanyukt rashtrancha vishvast pradesh mhanoon. jaree german vasahatvadi rajvatit vaidnyanik sanshodhan kendra mhanoon amani sanshodhan sanstha jaagtik prasiddha jhaali asali, taree britishanni vasahatvar niyantran midvalyanantar tyane aapali aantarrashtriy pratishtha kayam thewali. teey "amanichi aantarrashtriy pratishtha aanee tethe kelelya sanshodhanachya gunavattene prabhavit jhaale aanee british yuddhottar sarkarchya akhtyarit eka sanshodhan sanstha mhanoon tiche sanchalan suru thewale. 
1924 madhye sthapan jhalelya purv africa aayogane, tathapi, yaa utkrusht sansthekade durlaksh kelyabaddal nyayya teeka kelee, jevha tyanni asey mhatale qee "hii jagprasiddha sanshodhan sanstha, serve vyavharik karanansathi, rikami padali aahe, tichya prayogshala rikamya aahet, tichi mahagadi upkarane nasht jhaali aahet, rahanyache ghar bighadale aahet, pustake aanee vaidnyanik nondi aanee naan vaparlelya namunyancha bhavya aanee amoolya sangrah aahe."
akheris yamule sumare pannas varshannantar hii sanstha purv africa samudayachya tabyat sahkari paddhatine aalee.
maleria sanshodhanasathi 1949 madhye yaa sanstheche purv africi maleria unitmadhye rupantar karnyat aale. sanshodhan kendrane keval tanganyikach navhe tarr kenya, uganda, zanzibar aanee british somalilandla maleria aanee itar rogavahu roganchya pratibandh aanee niyantranat dekhil madat kelee. 1951 madhye tee purv africi maleria sanstha bunley aanee 1954 madhye purv africi maleria aanee rogvahakjanya rog sanstha asey tiche naav badalanyat aale.
swatantryanantar.
british vasahatvadi rajvat sampushtat aalyanantar, sansthene tanzaniamadhye sanshodhan kendra mhanoon mahattvachi bhoomika bajavali. 
1964 madhye, mukt jhalelya tanganyikane zanzibarsobat ekatra yeuun swatantra rashtra tanzania tayar kele. 
1977 madhye, vaidyakeey sanshodhanachya vividh kshetrancha samavesh asalelya rashtriy vaidyakeey sanshodhan sansthechya amani vaidyakeey sanshodhan kendrache namkaran karnyat aale.
aajcha divas.
amani vanaspati udyan aata 244 hectorche adhikrut kshetra aahe. bahutansh jaaga rashtriy vaidyakeey sanshodhan sansthene (nimr) vyapalya aahet-parantu urvarit anadhikrutpane vyapalya aahet. vanaspati udyanavar manvi kriyakalapanni, pramukhyane nimarcha kahee bhag asalelya amani gavachya aaspas atikraman kele aahe. mhanoon amani vanaspati udyanat tyachya vyavasthapanasathi jababdar asalelya anek sanstha aahet-krishi mantralay, tanzania vanikaran sanshodhan sanstha (tafori) aanee nimr. tyache granthalay anshatah daar ess salam vidyapithat aahe, jyachyashi sanstha jawalun sahkarya karate. 1960 chya dashakachya madhyapasoon uttaradhaparyant jawaljawal purnapane nasht jhalelya junya sincona vruksh lagvaditun vyavharikdrushtya kahihi shillak nahee. 
2007 madhye amanimadhye aanee tyachya aaspas ajunahi sumare 3000 vegvegalya prajati sapadalya hotya. aaj yapaiki anek vanaspatishastriy bhukhand nasht jhaale aahet aanee sthanik prajatindware punarujjivan disun yete. vanaspati udyanane aanalelya pargrahvasi prajati haah shejarchya amani nisarg rakheev kshetrasathi sanvardhanacha eka pramukh muddah aahe.
sandarbh.
 

