
1996 california prastav 218 (sthanik pudhakar shakti)

prastav 218 haah california rajyatil eka swikarlela upkram aahe, jee rajyavyapi nivadanuk matpatrikevar 5 november 1996 roji prakashit jhaali. 218 yaa prastavamule californiatil sthanik aanee pradeshik sarkarchya vittapurvathyat kranti jhaali. curr kayadyavar matdanacha adhikar" mhanoon olakhala jaanara 218 vaa prastav haah howard jarvis kardatyanchya sanghatnene 6 juuna 1978 roji californiachya matdaranni manjur kelelya aitihasik prastav 13 malmatta curr bund upkram ghatanatmak durusticha ghatanatmak pathpurava mhanoon prayojit keela hota. 218 vaa prastav ghatanatmak vakeel jonathan koopal aanee jacq cohain yanni tayar keela hota.
218 yaa prastavatil sarvat mahattvachya tartudinpaiki eka, sthanik matdaranna konatahi sthanik curr, moolyankan, shulk kinwa shulk qamee karnyasathi kinwa radd karnyasathi pudhakar ghenyachya adhikaracha vapar karnyasathi ghatanatmakdrushtya rakhoon thevate. yamadhye sthanik matdaransathi matpatrikechi patrata sulabh karnyasathi swaksharichi aavashyakta lakshaniyaritya qamee karane samavisht aahe. prastav 218 haah californiachya itihasatil ghatanatmak pudhakar shaktichi vyapti badalanyasathicha pahila yashasvi upkram hota.
prastav 218 antargat sthanik pudhakar shaktiche vihangavalokan.
haah upkram mhanje kayade prastavit karnyacha aanee tyanantar teey swikaranyacha kinwa nakarnyacha matdarancha ghatanatmakdrushtya rakheev adhikar aahe. prastav 218 antargat sthanik pudhakar adhikar heey matdaransathi upalabdh asalele eka shaktishali sadhan aahe, visheshtah jevha sthanik nivadoon aalele adhikari sthanik curr, moolyankan, shulk aanee shulk yanchyashi sambandhit babinmadhye tyanchya ghatakanna pratisad dett naheet.
prastav 218 antargat sthanik pudhakar adhikarala lagoo honari vishisht ghatanatmak bhasha (california rajyaghatanechya kalam xiii c chya kalam 3 madhye samavisht) mhanateh
californiachya matdaranna pradan kelelya adhikrut matpatriketil california vidhimandal vishleshakane tayar kelelya 218 vya prastavachya nihpakshapati vishleshanat mhatale aaheh
prastav 218 manjur jhalyanantar lagechach california vidhimandal vishleshakane prastav 218 antargat sthanik pudhakar adhikarabaddal khaleel goshti lihilyah
swaksharichi aavashyakta qamee kelee.
prastav 218 antargat sthanik pudhakar shakti dekhil lakshaniyaritya qamee swaksharichya garajechya adheen aahe jee rajyavyapi vaidhanik upkramanna lagoo asalelya garajepeksha jaast asoo shakat nahee. asha prakare, prastav 218 antargat vishisht kamal swaksharichi aavashyakta sthanik sarkarchya hadditil mageel rajyapaliy nivadanukit rajyapalpadasathi serve umedvaranna dilelya matanchya paach takke (5 takke) aahe.
prastav 218 (governoral nivadanuk matanchi ekoon sankhya) antargat sthanik pudhakar shaktichya vaparachya sandarbhat sthanik sarkarsathi lagoo asalelya swaksharichya garajechi ganana karnyasathi aavashyak asaleli mahitee samanyatah sthanik matdaranchya county nibandhkankadun upalabdh asate. californiachya rajya sachivanni prakashit kelelya matdanachya nivedanachya purkamadhye parganyanmadhye tasech shaharanmadhye lagoo asalelya swaksharichya garajechi ganana karnyasathi aavashyak deta dekhil asato aanee purakatechi prat konatyahi california matdarala vinanti kelyavar kayadeshiraritya upalabdh karoon dene aavashyak aahe.
udaharanadakhal vapar.
prastav 218 antargat sthanik pudhakar shakticha vapar upayog vaparkarte curr, vikri curr, vyavasay curr, parcel curr yasarkhe sthanik curr qamee karnyasathi kinwa radd karnyasathi aanee sthanik shulk aanee vadal paanee shulk, bhujal shulk, sarvajanik rugnavahika/nimvaidhyakiy shulk, sarvajanik udyan/creeda shulk, sarvajanik parking shulk kinwa upayuktata shulk aanee panyasathiche shulk (dushkal shulk aanee adhibharasah), sandapani kinwa sankalan seva nakarane yasarkhe shulk qamee karnyasathi kinwa radd karnyasathi keela jaau shakato.
abhayaranya shaharanmadhil sthanik curr radd karnyacha prastav mandanyasathi 218 yaa prastavantargat sthanik pudhakar shakticha vapar karnyat aala aahe. sarvajanik sansthanche gharguti paanee darr aanee shulk qamee karnyasathi kinwa radd karnyasathi prastav 218 antargat sthanik pudhakar shakticha vapar kelyane dekhil mahattvapoorn vaad nirman jhaala aahe.
jababdariche sadhan.
prastav 218 antargat sthanik pudhakar shakticha vapar matdaranna vaparnyasathi eka shaktishali sadhan dete, jase qee jevha sthanik sarkari adhikari tyanchya ghatakanchya garjanna pratisad dett naheet, jevha sthanik matdaranni purvi ekhadya vishisht karavar matdan kele nahee (anek melo-rooj jilhyanmadhil sevansathi vishesh karansah), jevha sthanik sarkardware lakshaniy apavyay kinwa gairvyavasthapana jhaali aahe, jevha sthanik sarkardware mahasuli utpannavar vadgrast kharch jhaala aahe, jevha sthanik karanchi rakkam jaast kinwa avastav aahe, kinwa jevha sthanik rajkarnyanni purvi curr ladnyababat dileli aashvasne modali aahet.
kadhikadhi matdaranni keval 218 yaa prastavantargat sthanik kapat kinwa radd karnyachya upkramacha pathpurava karanyachi dhamki dilee taree sthanik sarkari adhikari vishisht sthanik curr, moolyankan, shulk kinwa shulkababat lokanchya chintanna adhik pratisad deteel.
khatalyacha paryay.
prastav 218 antargat sthanik pudhakar adhikar khatala bharnyacha paryay mhanoon dekhil vaparla jaau shakato (jase qee jevha kharch, vel vilamb kinwa kayadeshir jokhamichya samasyanmule khatala haah eka aakarshak paryay honar nahee) aanee prastav 218 antargat curr aakaranichya vaidhatela aavhan denanya khatalyachya parabhavanantar sthanik curr qamee karnyasathi kinwa radd karnyasathi kayadeshir upay mhanoon dekhil yashasviritya vaparla gela aahe. ashee udaharane dekhil aahet jithe prastav 218 antargat sthanik pudhakar adhikar pralambit khatalyansah ekach velee yashasviritya vaparla gela aahe.
jevha kayadeshir upay upalabdh nasatat.
jevha lagoo honara maryadancha kayada lagoo jhaala asel kinwa jevha itar kayadeshir prakriyatmak adthale asateel (udaa.jee., upayancha thakwa, ubhe rahane kinwa davyanchya aavashyakta).
udaharanarth, curr qamee karane kinwa radd karane.
prastav 218 antargat sthanik pudhakar shakticha vapar sarvajanik dhoran uddishte adhik changlya prakare sadhya karnyasathi tasech matdaranni sthanik upkramala manyata denyachi shakyata vadhavanyasathi sthanik sarkarchya karanchya vishisht ghatkanvar lakshya thevanyasathi keela jaau shakato. sthanik curr radd karane rajkiy kinwa kayadeshiraritya samasyapradhan asalelya paristhitit haah drushtikon visheshtah upayukt aahe. byavachada, adhik vishishtapane lakshyit curr kapat kelyane sthanik matdaranni tyala manyata denyachi aanee kayadeshir aavhananna tond denyachi lakshaniy adhik changli shakyata asate.
sthanik upayogitavishayak vaparkar.
eka udaharan anuprayogamadhye sthanik upayogitavishayak vaparkarta karancha samavesh aahe. paanee, veej, sandapani, vayoo, durdhvani, kebal durdarshan aanee kachara sankalan yasah eka kinwa adhik upayukt sevanvar upayuktata vaparkarta curr aakarla jaato.
upayogita vaparkarta curr haah kahivela sthanik sarkarsathi mahasulacha eka mahattvapoorn srot asato. yamule sthanik upayogitavahak vaparkartyanchya karala purnapane radd karane rajkiyadrushtya samasyapradhan houu shakate. sthanik upayogitavishayak vaparkar purnapane radd karanyachi tartud karnyaivaji, sthanik upkram vyavsayik grahakansathi upayogitavishayak karache darr badaltana keval nivasi upayogitavishayak grahakansathi curr savalatiche lakshya thevu shakato. itar anuprayog curr savalatisathi vishisht upayuktata sevevar laksh kendrit karoo shakato, tarr itar upayuktata sevansathi curr darr aparivartit thevu shakato. varilpramanech, aitihasik aanee/kinwa sadhyachya veej upayog shulk hastantarananchi bharpai karnyasathi, sthanik sarkarchya samanya nidhimadhye, jyaa hastantarananna nyayalayanni samanyatah parvanagi dilee aahe, tyaa hastantarananchi bharpai karnyasathi, keval vidyut sevesathi vaparkartyancha curr qamee karane samavisht asel.
aanakhi eka anuprayog sthanik upayogitavishayak curr "aadhunikikaran" upayanna lakshya karoo shakato, jyanna gelya kahee varshant matdaranni manyata dilee aahe. kahee prakarananmadhye, matdaranni sthanik upayogitavishayak vaparkarta curr "aadhunikikaran" upayala manyata detana online video pravahit sevanvar curr ladanyas nakalat adhikrut kele asel. sthanik pudhakar shakticha vapar, upayogita vaparkarta curr "aadhunikikaran" upayantargat purvi manjur kelelya online video pravahit sevanvaril sthanik curr qamee karnyasathi kinwa radd karnyasathi keela jaau shakato.
sthanik upayogitasandarbhatil shulk aanee shulk.
aanakhi eka udaharanamadhye sthanik sarkari upayog shulk aanee shulk, visheshtah sthanik upayog shulk aanee gharguti paanee kinwa svachatavishayak sandapani sevansathiche shulk, jeey lagoo karnyapurvi 218 yaa prastavantargat anivarya nivadanukichya adheen naheet, tyat kapat kinwa radd karane samavisht aahe.
sthanik upayog shulk kinwa shulk qamee karnyasathi kinwa radd karnyasathi pudhakar ghenyachya masudyasathi samanyatah tadnya kayadeshir sallagarachi madat aavashyak asate kaaran anek kayadeshir samasyankade yogya prakare laksh dene aavashyak aahe, visheshtah jarr federal kararatil vikrutiche mudde upasthit asateel. yavyatirikt, jarr rajya kayade kinwa itar kayadyanmadhye sthanik upayogitanche darr vishisht seva staravar nishchit karane aavashyak asel, tarr tyaa samasya dekhil vicharat ghetalya pahijet aanee upkramacha masuda tayar kartana samadhankarakpane sambodhit kelya pahijet.
sthanik sarkari upayogitasaman darr radd karane tyanchya prabhavat adhik tivra asate, anekada kayadeshiraritya bachav karane adhik katheen asate aanee aitihasikdrushtya sthanik matdarankadun manyata midvane adhik katheen asate. upayuktatechya darat kapat, visheshtah qamee pramanat kinwa kalantarane vadhalelya kapatanmadhye, samanyatah sthanik matdaranni manyata dilee aanee kayadeshir chhananicha samna karava lagnyachi adhik shakyata asate.
sthanik vadalatil panyache shulk aanee shulk.
californiatil sthanik sarkaranni lavalele naveh kinwa vadhalele vadalachya panyache shulk aanee shulk (kadhikadhi 'swachchh paanee' shulk mhanoonahi olakhale jaate) heey prastav 218 antargat anivarya malmatta-sambandhit shulk kinwa nivadanuk shulkachya adheen aahet. tathapi, sthanik sarkarne vadalachya panyache shulk aanee 218 haah prastav lagoo karnyapurviche vidyaman shulk lagoo kele aahe, jevhanparyant teey shulk aanee shulk vadhavale jaat naheet toparyant sthanik matdaranni anivarya nivadanukila adheen naheet. sthanik upkram, vidyaman sthanik rastyanchi swachchata kinwa safsafai shulk aanee shulkasah, 218 haah prastav kayada honyapurviche sthanik sarkarche vadalachya panyache shulk aanee shulk qamee karane kinwa radd karane heey lakshya thevu shakato.
prastav 218 antargat nivadanuk aavashyakateche palan naan karata sthanik sarkarne lavalele konatehi naveen kinwa vadhalele vadalachya panyache shulk kinwa shulk matdaranni prastav 218 antargat sthanik pudhakar shakticha vapar karoon qamee kinwa radd kele jaau shakate. yaat ess. bii. 238 (2017) varr avalambun asalelya sthanik sarkarne vadalachya panyache shulk aanee prastav 218 antargat shulkasathi ghatanatmak nivadanuk aavashyakta talhanyacha konatahi prayatna samavisht aahe.
sthanik vikri curr.
sthanik upkram sthanik sarkari vikri curr qamee karane kinwa radd karnyache lakshya thevu shakato, visheshtah jethe vikrikar utpannacha lakshaniy apavyay aanee/kinwa gairvyavasthapan jhaale asel, jevha sthanik sarkarne vikrikar utpannacha vadgrast kinwa sanshayaspad kharch keela asel, jase qee curr utpannacha vapar atee sarkari karmchanyanche vetan aanee/kinwa nivruttivetan aanee sevanivrutt aarogyasevesarkhya fayadhyansathi karane, jevha vikrikar utpannatun milanare karyakram aanee seva swikararh uchch staravar vitarit kelya jaat naheet, jevha matdaranna sthanik vikrikar darr qamee karayacha asel, jevha sadhyacha curr darr atee aanee/kinwa avastavpane jaast asel, jevha dusari curr nivadanuk apekshit asel, visheshtah jevha sthanik vikrikarat vaadh matdaranni alp pramanat manjur kelee asel kinwa vadgrast paristhitit anyatha manjur kelee asel, kinwa jevha sthanik rajkarnyanni sthanik vikrikar utpannachya kharchabaddal dilelya pracharachi aashvasne matdaranchya manjurinantar modali jaatil, asha paristhitit, jyat sthanik rajkarnyanni vikrikar utpannababat kayadeshiraritya vachanbaddha naan karata dileli aashvasne dilee asateel.
kahee paristhitinmadhye, sthanik sarkarne jaaree kelelya rokhyanchi (jase qee vahatukichya uddeshane) paratfed karnyasathi sthanik vikrikaratoon milananya utpannacha serve kinwa kahee bhag girvi thewala jaau shakato. jethe rokhe jaaree kele jaatat aanee rokhe paratfed karnyasathi sthanik sarkardware vikrikaratoon milanari rakkam girvi thewali jaate, tethe sahasa kayadeshir sallagarachi aavashyakta asate.
sthanik parcel curr.
prastav 218 antargat sthanik upkram sthanik sarkari parcel curr qamee karnyache kinwa radd karnyache lakshya thevu shakato, visheshtah asha paristhitit jevha vishisht samudayamadhye curr nishpakshateche mothe mudde upasthit asatat.
sthanik melo-rooj curr.
1982 chya melo-roose samudayik suvidha kayadyantargat sevansathi vishesh malmatta curr kahivela samudayat vadgrast asatat. ekhadya sevesathi vittapuravatha karnyasathi aakarla jaanara melo-roose curr kinwa itar shulk samanyatah prastav 218 antargat sthanik pudhakar shakticha vapar karoon qamee kinwa radd karnyachya adheen asate.
sevanvaril melo-roose curr qamee karane kinwa radd karane yogya asoo shakel asha udaharananmadhye, matdaranna sadhya sarkarne puravaleli sthanik sarvajanik seva kadhoon takaychi kinwa qamee karayachi asel, matdaranna asey vatate qee sadhya sarkarne puravalelya kahee sthanik seva khajgi kshetradvare adhik kifayatsheerpane vitarit kelya jaau shakatat, udaharanarth sthanik malmatta malak sanghatana, jithe matdaranni purvi nondanikrut matdar nivadanukit melo-roose karavar matdan kele nahee aanee jethe matdaranna asey vatate qee teey eka kinwa adhik samanya sarkari sevanchya vittapurvathyachya sandarbhat samajatil itaranchya tulanet asman aanee/kinwa anyaykarak aarthik oze sahan karat aahet.
rokhyanchi paratfed karnyasathi aakarla jaanara melo-roose curr kinwa itar shulk hii kayadeshiraritya adhik guntaguntichi paristhiti aahe kaaran federal kantrati durbalatechya samasya sthanik pudhakar shakticha vapar karnyas pratibandh karoo shakatat. asha paristhitit samanyatah kayadeshir sallagarachi aavashyakta asate.
sthanik bahusankhya matdan upkram vishesh curr.
california canabis coalition wii. madheel 2017 chya vadgrast california sarvoch nyayalayachya nirnayanantar. uchchbhumiche shahar, "sthanik curr vadhavanyache upkram matpatrikevar disun aale aahet jeey prastav 13 aanee prastav 218 antargat vishesh karansathi ghatanatmak done trutiyansh matdar manjurichi aavashyakta talhanyacha prayatna karatat. curr vadhavanyache heey upkram sthanik sarkarchya prashasakeey mandalane matpatrikevar thevanyaivaji matdaranni sthanik pudhakar shakticha vapar kelyamule matpatrikevar disatat. eka rajkiy upay mhanoon, prastav 218 antargat eka swatantra sthanik upkram, "california ganja yutee" chya nirnayanantar done trutiyanshpeksha qamee matanni manjur kelela vishesh curr qamee karnyasathi kinwa radd karnyasathi vaparla jaau shakato. prastav 13 aanee prastav 218 antargat lagoo asalelya konatyahi ghatanatmak matdar manjurichya aavashyaktanche palan naan karnyasathi konatahi kayadeshir upay karnyasathi paryay mhanoon kinwa tyach velee assa upkram keela jaau shakato.
sthanik bhujal shulk.
californiachya sarvoch nyayalayane 2017 madhye asey mhatale hote qee, prastav 218 antargat bhujal nishkarshanavaril sthanik shulk (vyaktinvar ladalele) heey aata samanyatah malmatteshi sambandhit shulk rahilele nahee. asey shulk aata malmatteshi sambandhit shulkala lagoo asalelya ghatanatmak sanrakshanachya adheen nasale taree, prastav 218 antargat sthanik upkramacha vapar sthanik sarkarne manjur kelele bhujal shulk qamee karnyasathi kinwa radd karnyasathi keela jaau shakato.
sthanik samanya dayitva bandhpatra curr.
jevha matdar californiatil sthanik samanya dayitva bandhpatrachya upayala manyata detat, tevha malmatta malakanni malmatta curr vadhichya (moolyankan kelelya mulyachya aadhare) jahirat mulyanusar bandhpatranchi paratfed kelee aahe. kahee prakarananmadhye, prastav 218 antargat sthanik pudhakar shakticha vapar bandhpatra curr adhikar qamee karnyasathi kinwa radd karnyasathi keela jaau shakato. kaaran kararachya babatit mahattvapoorn federal impairmentche mudde samanyatah upasthit asatat jeey asha bandhpatra karanchya sandarbhat sthanik pudhakar shakticha vapar karnyas pratibandh karoo shakatat, kayadeshir sallagarachi jawaljawal nehmich aavashyakta asate. jyaa paristhitit rokhe adhikrut kele gele aahet parantu adyap sthanik sarkarne jaaree kelele naheet, asha paristhitit matdaranna samanyatah rokhe curr adhikrutata qamee karanyachi kinwa radd karanyachi sarvottam sandhee milel.
sthanik upkramanche prakar.
sthanik curr qamee karane kinwa radd karane haah upkram thet curr qamee karane kinwa radd karane yaitkach sopa asoo shakato kinwa upkramat namood kelelya vishisht kamgiri manakanchya samadhanasathi curr qamee karane kinwa radd karane yasarkhe adhik guntaguntiche asoo shakate. sthanik upkram samanyatah teen prakarat yetat.
paramparik upkram.
paramparik upkramamadhye sthanik curr, moolyankan, shulk kinwa shulkat thet kapat kinwa radd karane samavisht asate. paramparik upkramanmadhye sahasa vishisht nishkarsh aanee/kinwa upkram pudhe nenyachya dhoranatmak karananche varnan karnari ghoshana samavisht asatat.
nuksan bharpaisathiche upkram.
nuksan bharpaicha upkram, ekhadya vishisht mahasulacha srot qamee karane kinwa radd karane, asha kayadeshir kinwa rajkiy karananmule, eka kinwa adhik "paryayi" mahasulachya strotanna, ghat kinwa radd karnyasathi, nuksan bharpaisathi lakshya karato. nuksan bharpaichya upkramanmadhye samanyatah sthanik upkramacha pathpurava karnyasathi nuksan bharpai dhoranatmak karane darshavinare vishisht nishkarsh aanee ghoshana asatat, jyat vishisht mahasulacha srot qaa pudhe nela jaau shakat nahee aanee paryayi mahasulachya strotanche nuksan bharpai swaroop qamee kinwa radd kele jaat aahe. anek udaharane pudhe yetat.
kararatil durbalatechya samasyancha samna karane.
kahee prakarananmadhye, ekhadya vishisht mahasulachya strotala qamee karnyasathi kinwa radd karnyasathi lakshya karane kayadeshiraritya shakya nasel kaaran mahasulachi kamai rokhe paratfed karnyasathi vachanbaddha kelee gelee aahe aanee jarr vachanbaddha mahasulacha srot qamee keela gela kinwa radd keela gela tarr amerikechya sanvidhanachya kararatil durbalata kalamache ullanghan hoil. bharpaicha upkram, federal kayadeshir nirbandhanmule anyatha upalabdh nasalelya ichchit sutakechi bharpai karnyasathi, mahasulachya paryayi strotakade qamee karnyasathi kinwa radd karnyasathi lakshya karel.
rajya nirbandhanchya samasyancha samna karane.
kahee prakarananmadhye, sthanik pudhakar shaktichya vaparavar parinam karananya california vaidhanik kinwa prakaran kayadyatil nirbandhanmule vishisht upayuktata seva shulk kinwa kapat kinwa radd karnyasathi shulk lakshya karane kayadeshiraritya shakya nasel. nuksan bharpaicha upkram, sambandhit upayuktata vaparkartyanchya karasarkhya, asha konatyahi kayadeshir nirbandhanparyant, kapat kinwa radd karnyasathi paryayi mahasulachya strotache lakshya thevu shakato.
upayuktata shulkacha samna karane aanee samanya nidhi hastantaran shulk aakarane.
kahee paristhitinmadhye, sthanik sarkarla kayadeshiraritya upayuktata shulk hastantarit karanyachi kinwa sthanik agencychya samanya nidhimadhye utpann aakaranyachi parvanagi dilee jaau shakate, tyanantar sthanik rajkarnyanchya vivekbuddhinusar kharch keela jaau shakato. asha paristhitinmadhye sevansathi aanee/kinwa sthanik sarkarne upayuktatesathi pradan kelelya itar labhansathi samanya nidhila vadgrast paratava aanee vidyut kinwa vayoo sevesathi guntavanukivar kayadeshiraritya manya paratava ("napha") upayuktata shulkavaril atirikt shulk samavisht asoo shakate jeey prastav 218 antargat seva kharchachya adheen naheet.
vareel goshti spasht karananya udaharanamadhye vidyut sevechya tartudichya sandarbhat sthanik sarkardware "napha" shulk aanee shulkanche hastantaran samavisht aahe. jevha sthanik sarkar veej sevesathi dardatyankadun jaast shulk aakarte aanee nantar upayogita shulkachi takkewari hastantarit karate aanee sthanik rajkarnyanchya vivekbuddhinusar kharch karnyasathi sthanik agencychya samanya nidhimadhye paise aakarte tevha heey ghadate. jarr sthanik agency dekhil vidyut sevevar upayuktata vaparkartyancha curr aakarat asel, tarr vidyut seveshi sambandhit asalyane upayuktata vaparkartyancha curr radd karnyasathi kinwa qamee karnyasathi pradan karnara nuksan bharpaicha upkram suru karane haah eka changla paryay asoo shakato.
jodani upkram.
eka sanyukt upkram, curr kapat kinwa curr radd kinwa kapat karnyachya velechi vyapti, sthanik upkramat samavisht asalelya vishisht vastunishtha kamgiri manakanche kinwa atinche samadhan karnyashi jodato. yogya prakare tayar kelelya samvibhajan upkramasathi samanyatah curr kapat kinwa radd karnyachya aavashyaktesah serve lagoo kayadeshir aavashyaktanche palan sunishchit karnyasathi kayadeshir sallagarachya madatichi aavashyakta asate. yavyatirikt, sahasa jodani upkramachya vishay kshetratil tantrik kaushalya dekhil aavashyak asate. udaharanarth, vahtukishi sambandhit asalelya jode-inn upkramasathi vahtook vyavasayikakadun tantrik madatichi dekhil aavashyakta asoo shakate.
jithe matdaranchi manjuri yapurvi midali nasel asha vidyaman sthanik mahasuli strotanvar jodani upkram lagoo kele jaau shakatat. prastav 218 antargat aavashyak asalelya nivadanukit matdaranni manjur kelelya mahasuli strotanvar dekhil yutee upkram lagoo kele jaau shakatat parantu jithe matdaranna nivadanukinantar satat sakaratmak parinam midvinyasathi sthanik sarkari adhikanyanna jababdar dharane havey aahe.
vastunishtha kamgiri manakanche samadhan.
jarr kalantarane vahtook aanee/kinwa rastyanchya sthiteet vikri curr lagoo honyapurvichya paristhitichya tulanet lakshaniy sudharana hott nasel tarr sthanik vahtook vikri curr qamee karane kinwa radd karane heey eka jode-inn upkramache udaharan aahe. vidyarthi yashasvi honyasathi shaikshanik parcel curr jodane, gunhegari qamee karnyasathi sarvajanik suraksha curr jodane aanee vishisht sarvajanik sudharana prakalp velevar aanee kharchat vaadh naan karata purn karnyasathi upayuktata seva shulk bandhane, hii sanyukt upkramanchi itar udaharane aahet.
julanare yogdan.
ekjutine chalana upkramat curr ladane suru thevanyashi sambandhit vishisht atincha dekhil samavesh asoo shakato. udaharanarth, sthanik upkram varshik julananya yogdanachi aut jodu shakato, jyamadhye vishisht varshik julananya yogdanachi aut purn naan jhalyas karasarkhya shulkat kapat kelee jaeel kinwa radd kelee jaeel. yogdanasathichya samaan atincha uddesh atirikt aarthik pathimbyacha laabh ghene tasech jyaa uddeshansathi curr aakarla jaato, visheshtah jyaa hitsambandhanni curr aakaranila protsahan dile aahe, tyaa uddeshansathi majboot aarthik bandhilaki darshavine haah aahe. julanare yogdan samanyatah itar sarkari strotankadun kinwa khajgi kshetrakadun sthanik vyavsayik samudayasarkhya aichchhik deyakanchya swarupat yete. varshik julani aut bharnyasathi kayadeshir bandhan nirman karat nahee, parantu curr bharnyachya aayushyatil konatyahi velee jarr aut purn jhaali nahee, tarr sthanik upkramachya atinnusar curr ektar qamee keela jaeel kinwa radd keela jaeel.
shuddha viruddha. sammishra upkram.
prastav 218 antargat shuddha upkramamadhye keval tyaa antargat pudhakar ghenyachya adhikarachya kakshet vishay samavisht asato. asha upkramanmadhye sthanik curr, moolyankan, shulk kinwa shulk qamee kinwa radd karanyachi tartud aahe aanee tyat samanyatah itar konatyahi thos tartudi nasatat. shuddha pudhakar gheuun, tyaa adhikaracha vapar karnyacha kayadeshir adhikar prastav 218 chya ghatanatmak taratudinmadhunach prapt hoto aanee upkram samarthak dekhil lakshaniyaritya qamee swaksharichya garajecha fayda gheu shakatat.
prastav 218 antargat mishra upkramamadhye asha tartudi aahet jyaa tyaa antargat pudhakar ghenyachya adhikarachya kakshet yetat (i.eae.(qa) sthanik curr qamee karane kinwa radd karane) aanee 218 sthanik pudhakar adhikaranchya prastavanchya vyaptichya baher asalelya eka kinwa adhik moolbhut tartudi. mishra upkram prastav 218 antargat qamee swaksharichi aavashyakta lagoo karnyashi sambandhit mudde tasech prastav 218 sthanik pudhakar shaktichya vyaptibaheril tartudi asalelya sthanik upkramacha pathpurava karnyasathi atirikt kayadeshir pradhikaranachi aavashyakta sadar karatat.
prastav 218 antargat sthanik upkramansathi lakshaniyaritya qamee keleli swakshari aavashyakta keval sthanik sarkari curr qamee karnyasathi kinwa radd karnyasathi lagoo hote. asha prakare, jarr ekhadya sthanik upkramat 218 vya prastav upkram adhikarachya vyaptibaher eka kinwa adhik tartudi asateel, tarr qamee swaksharichi aavashyakta lagoo honar nahee.
mishra pudhakarasah sadar kelela dusra muddah mhanje 218 sthanik pudhakar shaktichya vyaptichya baher eka kinwa adhik tartudi asalelya sthanik upkramacha pathpurava karnyasathi 218 yaa prastavapasun swatantra kayadeshir pradhikaranachi aavashyakta aahe. jarr asey swatantra kayadeshir adhikar astitvat nastil, tarr sampoorn pudhakar upay avaidh tharoo shakato.
shuddha upkramachya tulanet mishra upkram atirikt aanee adhik guntaguntiche kayadeshir mudde sadar karato, tyamule sthanik matdaranni prastav 218 antargat shuddha pudhakar upay karane sahasa shreyaskar asate.
pudhakar masuda aanee patrateche mudde.
prastav 218 antargat sthanik upkramancha masuda tayar karane aanee patratebabat mahattvapoorn kayadeshir aanee dhoranatmak mudde astitvat aahet.
californiatil sthanik pudhakar adhikaranchya vaparas lagoo asalelya prakriyatmak aavashyaktanchya guntaguntimule (jyaa prakriya samavisht asalelya sthanik sarkarchya prakaravar avalambun badaltat) tasech sthanik mahasool kapat kinwa radd karnyachya upkramachya masudyala lagoo asalelya thos kayadeshir aavashyaktanmule, prastav 218 antargat, kayadeshir sallagarachi madat samanyatah pudhakar upayancha masuda tayar karnyasathi tasech kayadeshir prakriyedvare pudhakar prastavkanna yogya margadarshan karnyasathi aavashyak asate.
prastav 218 antargat sthanik upkramala matpatrikevar sthan nakarle jaau shakate kinwa sthanik pudhakar shaktichya vaparas lagoo asalelya prakriyatmak aavashyaktansah serve kayadeshir aavashyakta, upkram samarthakanni purnapane palalya naheet tarr nyayalaye nantar avaidh tharvu shakatat. sthanik sarkare samanyatah prastav 218 antargat sthanik pudhakar adhikar vaparnara matdaranprati pratikool rahili aahet, jeey asha konatyahi upkramachya samarthakanna serve lagoo kayadeshir aavashyaktanche palan karane mahattvache aahe.
haward jarvis kardatyanchya sanghatnene prastav 218 antargat sthanik pudhakar shakticha vapar karoon vidyaman shahar curr radd karnyat kinwa qamee karnyat matdaranna madat karnyasathi eka samanya prakashan prakashit kele aahe.
nishkarsh aanee ghoshana.
sthanik sarkari upayog shulk aanee shulkancha samavesh asalelya kahee kapat kinwa radd karnyachya upkramansathi, visheshtah californiachya kayadyanmadhye sthanik prashasakeey sansthela samudayasathi vishisht seva patali rakhanyasathi upayuktata shulk aanee shulk puresha pramanat aakarane aavashyak asoo shakate asha paristhitit, adhikrut nondinmadhye aadhar denanya aadharasah vyapak nishkarsh aanee ghoshanechi bhasha dekhil samanyatah aavashyak asate.
prastav 218 antargat sthanik pudhakar upayamadhye california kayadyane anivarya kelelya vishisht seva patalichya adheen rahoon upayuktata shulk kinwa shulk qamee karane kinwa radd karane yasambandhi vyapak nishkarsh aanee ghoshana samavisht asalyas aanee sthanik pudhakar upay nantar matdaranni manjur kelyas, pudhakar upayamadhye namood kelyapramane lokanche nishkarsh aanee ghoshana samanyatah vishisht upayuktata seva patalishi sambandhit kayadeshir aadeshanche palan nirdharit karnyachya uddeshane niyantrit kelya pahijet.
california kayadyane anivarya kelelya vishisht seva staranchya adheen rahoon, upayuktata shulk kinwa shulk qamee karnyasathi kinwa radd karnyasathi tartud karananya prastav 218 antargat sthanik upkramachya upayayojananche sambhavya avaidhatva talhanyasathi, upkramatil konatyahi nishkarsh aanee ghoshanancha samanyatah aadhar asane aavashyak aahe. too aadhar sahasa sthanik sarkarchya prashasakeey mandaladvare upayogita shulk swikaranyachya prakriyechya adhikrut nondinmadhil dastaivajikaranatun yeto. asha prakare, asha paristhitit, prastav 218 antargat sthanik pudhakar upay vicharat ghenanya matdaranna sthanik sarkarchya prashasakeey mandalane adhikrut nondinmadhye samavisht kelelya konatyahi kagadpatrancha pratikar karnyasathi samanyatah upayogita shulk swikaranyachya prakriyechya adhikrut nondinmadhye tyanche dastaivaj samavisht karane aavashyak aahe.
pudhakar velapatrak lavchikta.
upkram samarthakanna samanyatah prastav 218 antargat sthanik pudhakar shakticha vapar karnyasathi tyanche velapatrak vikasit karnyasathi lavchik asane aavashyak aahe. upkram shaktichya vaparas lagoo honare serve ghatak anivaryapane velapatrakanusar jaanar naheet aanee anekada vilamb hoil. yavyatirikt, jarr sthanik sarkar ekhadya pudhakar prastavala virodh karat asel, tarr sthanik sarkarchya vilamb yuktichi apeksha kelee jaau shakate aanee pudhakar samarthakanni tyala karanibhoot tharvane aavashyak aahe.
sthanik upkramachya mojamapachi vastavik bhasha dekhil lavchik asali pahije, visheshtah kaaran tee upkramachya prabhavi aanee karyanvit tarkhanshi sambandhit aahe. kayadeshir aavhanansah, virodhi sthanik sarkarchya vilamb yuktimule, kadhikadhi matpatrikevar disana upkramat lakshaniy vilamb houu shakato. asha paristhitila tond denyasathi upkramachi bhasha pureshi lavchik asane aavashyak aahe jenekarun jarr matdaranni upkramala manyata dyaychi asel tarr matpatrikechya patratemadhye honara konatahi vilamb upayayojananchya moolbhut tartudinvar viparit parinam karnar nahee.
sthanik prastav 218 upkramancha samavesh asalele khatale.
sthanik sarkarcha virodh samanyatah pudhakar samarthakanni tyanchya upkramachya velapatrakache niyojan kartana swikarla pahije. 218 yaa prastavantargat sthanik pudhakarala matpatrikevar yeu naye yasathi khatala dakhal karane hii virodhi sthanik sarkarsathi eka samanya yukti aahe. sthanik sarkar samanyatah assa aarop karate qee asha konatyahi upkramacha motha pratikool aarthik parinam hoil aanee kahee prakarananmadhye, rajya vaidhanik kayada sthanik matdaranna prastav 218 antargat pudhakar ghenyachya adhikaracha vapar karnyapasoon pratibandhit karato. prastav 218 antargat sthanik pudhakar ghenyachya adhikaracha vapar ayashasvi karnyasathi virodhi sthanik sarkarne kelelya konatyahi kayadeshir karvaimule honanya konatyahi sambhavya vilambas samavisht karnyasathi pudhakar samarthkansathiche velapatrak dekhil purese lavchik asale pahije.
pudhakar prakriyechya suruvatichya tappyat matpatrikeche shirshak aanee saransh (joou pudhakar yachikanvar kayadeshiraritya samavisht keela jaane aavashyak aahe) jaaree karnyapurvich pudhakar samarthkanvirodhat khatala dakhal karane hii aata virodhi sthanik sarkarsathi eka samanya yukti aahe. asha khatalyancha vyavharik parinam assa hoto qee, matpatrikevar tyanche mojmap thevanyasathi pudhakar ghenanya samarthakanna swakshya gola karnyapasoon pratibandhit kele jaate, jyamule matpatrikeche shirshak aanee saransh yanchyashi sambandhit sthanik sarkarcha khatala ektar nyayalayanni kinwa pakshakaranni nikali kadhala jaiparyant kiman 218 vya prastavantargat sthanik pudhakar adhikar vaparnyapasun samarthakanna prabhavipane pratibandhit kele jaate. matpatrikeche shirshak aanee saransh tayar karnyasathi aanee jaaree karnyasathi sthanik sarkarla bhag padnyasathi pudhakar samarthakanna sthanik sarkarviruddha khatala dakhal karava lagoo shakato.
aavashyak sankhyetil swakshya midavalya aanee pramanit kelya gelya asalya taree kahivela sthanik sarkar matpatrikevar sthanik prastav 218 aananyas nakar deu shakate. ekada sthanik pudhakarane kelele upay matpatrikesathi patra tharalyanantar, jababdar sthanik sanstha kinwa adhikaanyaache samanyatah matpatrikevar pudhakar ghenyache anivarya kartavya asate. jarr jababdar sthanik sanstha kinwa adhikari matpatrikevar pudhakar ghenyas nakar dett asel, tarr yamule pudhakar ghenanya samarthakanna sthanik sarkarla matpatrikevar pudhakar ghenyachi kayadeshiraritya aavashyakta bhasavi yasathi khatala dakhal karnyas bhag padale jaau shakate.
nivadanukit sthanik matdaranni manyata dilyas, virodhi sthanik sarkar sthanik prastav 218 chya pudhakaraviruddha khatala dakhal karanyachi shakyata aahe. nivadanuk pracharadarmyan jyanni yaa upkramala virodh keela asel asha khajgi hitsambandhandwarehi nivadanukinantarche khatale dakhal kele jaau shakatat. pudhakar samarthakanna asha konatyahi khatalyansathi tayar rahave lagel. yamule, prastav 218 antargat tyancha sthanik upkram serve lagoo kayadeshir aavashyaktanchya palnarth tayar keela gela aahe heey sunishchit karnyasathi pudhakar prastavkanchya garjevar bharr deela jaato, kaaran kayadyachya konatyahi tartudichya ullanghanamule sthanik mahasoolatil kahee pramanat kinwa serve pramanat kapat kinwa radd karnyachya upkramachi vaidhata radd houu shakate.
prastav 218 antargat sthanik upkramanshi sambandhit khatale dakhal karnanyanna california anty-slap (sarvajanik sahbhagaviruddha dhoranatmak khatala) kayadyantargat vakeel shulkasathi sambhavya dayitvabaddal dekhil mahitee asane aavashyak aahe. kahee sthanik sarkaranni californiachya thappadvirodhi kayadyacha yashasvi vapar karoon vyaktinna vishisht khatalyanmadhye sthanik sarkarne kelele vakeel shulk bharnyas bhag padale aahe.
prastav 218 antargat sthanik pudhakarala matpatrikevar yenyapasoon rokhanyacha sthanik sarkarcha khatala jaree ayashasvi jhaala asala taree, tyacha parinam jawaljawal nehmich lakshaniy vilambat hoto joou anekada sthanik sarkarcha kharaa hetu asato. jevha asey upkram akheris matpatrikevar disatat, tevha pudhakar prakriyedarmyan sthanik sarkarchya konatyahi aadhichya sanshayaspad vartanasah, konatyahi lagoo asalelya khatalyansah, jyacha parinam samanyatah vakilanna paise deuun sarvajanik nidhicha lakshaniy apavyay hoto, haah eka pramukh prachar muddah asoo shakato jyamule matdaranni pudhakar upay manjur honyachi shakyata vadhate.
prastav 218 antargat sthanik pudhakar shaktichi vaidhata.
prastav 218 antargat sthanik pudhakar shakticha vapar samanyatah california sarvoch nyayalayane "bighorn-desert view watter agency wii. virgil, "39 caii. 4thaa 205 (julai 2006). californiachya sarvoch nyayalayane jaree prastav 218 antargat sthanik pudhakar adhik achookpane paribhashit kele nasale taree, california vidhimandal vishleshakane asey mutt vyakt kele aahe qee, vastavik ghatanatmak bhashechya aadhare, keval maryada federal kayadyantargat asalyache disate, jase qee federal karj durbalata kalam.
sthanik janmat adhikar samavisht naheet.
prastav 218 keval sthanik pudhakar shaktila lagoo hoto aanee california kayadyantargat swatantra shakti asalelya sthanik janmat shaktis lagoo hott nahee. sarvmat haah matdarancha tatadiche kayade, nivadanuka ghenare kayade aanee sarkarchya nehamichya sadhyachya kharchasathi curr aakarani kinwa viniyogachi tartud karnare kayade vagalata kayade (kinwa kayadyanche kahee bhag) manjur kinwa nakarnyacha ghatanatmakdrushtya rakheev adhikar aahe. jyaa sthanik curr ladnyapurvi 218 vya prastavantargat anivarya nivadanukichi aavashyakta nasate, tyanchyasathi sarvmat adhikar muddah adhik mahattvapoorn hoto. heey visheshtah malmatta-sambandhit shulk aanee shulkanchya babatit aahe jeey prastav 218 (malmatta-sambandhit shulk kinwa paanee, svachatavishayak sandapani kinwa kachara sankalan sevansathi shulk) antargat anivarya nivadanukipasun suut aahet.
2020 madhye, californiachya sarvoch nyayalayane 'wilde wii.' yaa prakaranat nikal deela. dunsmuirche shahar "qee matdar sthanik janmat adhikarancha vapar sthanik sarkarchya panyache darr nishchit karnyachya tharawala aavhan denyasathi kayadeshiraritya karoo shakat naheet. sthanik janmat adhikarancha vapar kayadeshiraritya anumati aahe asey manana apeal nyayalayala ulatat, californiachya sarvoch nyayalayane jaal upayogiteche darr samavisht karnyachya sarvmat adhikarala apavad mhanoon 'curr aakarani' chaa vyapak arth lavala, jaree heey darr prastav 218 antargat matdar manjurichya aavashyaktanchya uddeshane 'curr' manale jaat nasale taree. 'wilde' madheel tark itar malmatta-sambandhit shulk kinwa prastav 218 antargat shulkanna dekhil lagoo hoto, jase qee sandapani, vadalache paanee kinwa nakar sankalan sevansathi, parantu californiachya sarvoch nyayalayane asey mhatale nahee qee pratyek sthanik sarkari mahasool vadhavanyachya upayala sthanik janmat adhikarapasun suut aahe. tyaeivaji, malki hii keval tyaa upayuktatechya daranparyant maryadit aahe jyavar sthanik sarkare tyanchya rahivashanna aavashyak seva puravanyasathi avalambun asatat.
wilde" madheel california sarvoch nyayalayachya nirnayanantar, sthanik janmat adhikarancha vapar karane haah samanyatah sthanik sarkarne ladalelya upayogitasaman daranchya sandarbhat upalabdh paryay rahilela nahee. tathapi, "wilde" yaa nirnayamule sthanik sarkarne ladalele upayogita darr qamee karnyasathi kinwa radd karnyasathi ghatanatmakdrushtya upalabdh asalela paryay asalelya 218 yaa prastavantargat sthanik pudhakar adhikarachya vyaptivar parinam jhaala nahee.
prastavanantarche sthanik upkram 218 purvashart aavashyakta purn karatat.
ekada sthanik sarkarchya karala lagoo asalelya 218 purvashartanchi kayadeshiraritya purtata jhaali qee, sthanik sarkar samanyatah sthanik curr ladoo shakate. shivay, ekada sthanik sarkarne pratyakshat sthanik curr ladala qee, matdaranchya tyanantarchya matpatrikeparyant sthanik curr lagoo honyachi prabhavi tarikh sthagit karnyasathi 218 yaa prastavat konatihi yantrana upalabdh nahee.
dusarikade, sthanik sarkarne aadhich ladalela sthanik sarkari curr qamee karnyasathi kinwa radd karnyasathi (mhanje, 218 yaa prastavantargat sthanik pudhakar adhikar samanyatah upalabdh aahet.eae., vidyaman sthanik sarkari curr). sarvat samanya paristhiti, jethe sthanik sarkarchya 218 purvashart aavashyaktanchya prastav 218 chya palananantar, prastav 218 antargat sthanik pudhakar shakticha vapar vicharat ghetala jaato, tyat malmatta-sambandhit shulk aanee shulkanchi manjuri samavisht asate, jyamadhye keval bahusankhya nishedh prakriya (nivadanuk naan hota) samavisht asate. sthanik sarkarchya malmatteshi sambandhit shulk aanee gharguti paanee, svachatavishayak sandapani kinwa kachara sankalan sevansathichya shulkanchya manjurine heey ghadate.
sthanik sarkarchi prashasakeey sanstha, prastavit malmatta-sambandhit shulk kinwa nivadanukipasun suut asalelya shulkababat malmatta malakanchya aakshepanna pratisad dett nasel, tarr sthanik matdaranna samanyatah prastav 218 antargat sthanik pudhakar adhikaracha pathpurava karava lagato. visheshtah jarr lakshaniy virodh upasthit asel, parantu virodhi patali bahumatasathi pureshi nasel, tarr heey prakaran aahe, jeey sadhya jhalyas, malmatta-sambandhit shulk kinwa shulk ladanyas ghatanatmakdrushtya pratibandh karel.
218 yaa sthanik prastavat sudharana karane kinwa too radd karane.
sthanik sarkarchya matdaranni manjur kelelya 218 yaa prastavantargat sthanik upkramat nantar matdaranni sudharana kinwa radd keela jaau shakato. sarvasadharanpane pudhakar ghenyachya adhikarantargat, jarr pudhakar ghenyachya upayamule matdaranchya manjurishivay durusti kinwa radd karanyachi visheshtah parvanagi dilee jaat nasel tarr lagoo matdaranchya bahumatane pudhakar upayat sudharana kinwa radd kele jaau shakate.
sthanik sarkarkadoon aakarla jaanara curr qamee karnara kinwa radd karnara prastav 218 antargat pudhakar manjur jhalyamule gamavalelya mahasulachi jaaga sthanik sarkarne ghene asamanya nahee. anek prakarananmadhye, prastav 218 chya itar taratudinsathi konatyahi badali mahasuli strotasathi anivarya nivadanuk aavashyak asel. yamadhye prastav 218 antargat anivarya nivadanukila adheen rahoon pratisthapan curr (naveen curr kinwa curr vaadh) kinwa pratisthapan malmatta-sambandhit shulk kinwa shulk (naveen kinwa vadhalele malmatta-sambandhit shulk kinwa shulk) samavisht aahe.
jevha sthanik sarkar mahasulachya paryayi strotacha pathpurava karat asel, tevha prastav 218 antargat mahasulacha qamee kinwa radd kelela srot anivarya nivadanukichya adheen nasel, tevha anekada mahattvapoorn vaad nirman hoto. heey pramukhyane malmatta-sambandhit shulk aanee prastav 218 (sthanik sarkarche shulk aanee gharguti paanee, svachatagruh aanee kachara sankalan sevansathiche shulk) aanee itar sthanik shulk aanee prastav 218 (udaa.jee., bhujal shulk). 2010 madhye californiachya matdaranni manjur kelelya prastav 26 chya tartudinnusar pratisthapan shulk kinwa shulk "curr" manale jaeel, tyaa karasathi prastav 218 antargat matdaranchi manjuri aavashyak asel.
pudhakar durustiche mudde.
prastav 218 antargat anivarya nivadanukichya adheen nasalelya mahasuli strotachya badalyasathi, tyaa badalanyachya strotachya ladanimule sthanik upkramachya upayayojananmadhye kapat hoil qee radd hoil haah eka gambhir kayadeshir muddah aahe. jarr kapat kinwa radd karnyachya upkramachi durusti samavisht asel tarr durusti kayada honyasathi bahusankhya matdaranchi manjuri aavashyak asel. yaa paristhitit, matdaranchya manjurichi aavashyakta hii prastav 218 mule navhe tarr vegalya kayadeshir garjemule udbhavate qee, upkramatmak upayayojananmadhye durusti kinwa radd karnyasathi samanyatah durustisathi kinwa radd karanyachi tartud kayada honyasathi bahusankhya matdaranchi manjuri aavashyak asate.
kahee prakarananmadhye, badal mahasool srot haah prastav 218 antargat yashasvi kapat kinwa radd karnyachya upkramachi durusti aahe qee nahee yabaddal vajvi anishchitata aahe. sthanik sarkarchi prashasakeey sanstha samanyatah badal mahasool strotachi rachana asha prakare karnyacha prayatna karel qee jyamule badal shulk eka pudhakar durusti mhanoon vargikrut kele jaau naye aanee tyadvare pudhakar sudharananna lagoo asaleli matdar manjurichi aavashyakta talhata yeil. dusarikade, kapat kinwa radd karnyachya upkramachya samarthakanna samanyatah tyanchya pudhakar upayamadhye durusti karananya pratisthapan shulkanchya prakarancha vyapak arth asel.
sthanik mahasulacha srot qamee karnyasathi kinwa radd karnyasathichya 218 yaa prastavantargat sthanik upkramachya samarthakanni pudhakar upayayojananchya tartudincha masuda tayar kartana vareel durusticha muddah vicharat ghene aavashyak aahe. sthanik sarkarla konatyahi sambhavya badali mahasuli prastavala eka upkram durusti mhanoon vargikrut karnyapasoon rokhane adhik katheen vhave yasathi samanyatah upkram asha prakare tayar karane aavashyak aahe, jeey upkram sudharananna lagoo asalelya matdar manjurichya aavashyakatepasun door raheel.
sthanik sarkarchya mahasulacha srot suru karane.
jevha matdaranni prastav 218 antargat sthanik kapat kinwa radd karnyacha upkram manjur keela, tevha matdaranchya manjurichya adheen rahoon, pudhakar upayamadhye samavisht asalelya sthanik mahasulachya strotala konatihi durusti lagoo kelee jaate, tevha sthanik sarkari mahasulacha srot suru hoto. matdar manjurichi aavashyakta thet 218 yaa prastavatunach hott nahee, tarr tyaeivaji vegalya kayadeshir garjemule hote qee, ekhadya upkramachya durustisathi kinwa radd karnyachya upayayojanansathi durustisathi kinwa radd karanyachi tartud lagoo honyasathi aanee kayada honyasathi matdaranchi manjuri aavashyak asate.
matdaranna jyaa sthanik sarkari mahasuli strotanche prakar suru karayache asateel, tyamadhye asha karancha samavesh aahe jeey samanyatah prastav 218 antargat matdaranchya manjurichya adheen nasatat. asha sthanik karanmadhye malmatta-sambandhit shulk aanee prastav 218 (malmatteshi sambandhit shulk aanee gharguti paanee, svachatavishayak sandapani kinwa kachara sankalan sevansathi shulk) tasech sthanik sarkarche shulk aanee shulk jeey prastav 218 antargat malmatteshi sambandhit naheet aanee 2010 madhye california matdaranni manjur kelelya prastav 26 antargat "curr" manale jaanar naheet, asha anivarya nivadanukipasun suut asalele shulk samavisht aahe.
jarr matdaranni sthanik sarkari mahasulacha srot suru karananya sthanik upkramala manyata dilee, tarr prastav 218 antargat sthanik pudhakarane qamee kelela mahasool vadhavanyasathi matdaranchi manjuri aavashyak asel. udaharanarth, samaja matdaranni prastav 218 antargat sthanik mahasulachya upkramala manyata dilee, jyane sthanik sarkarne aakarlelya vishisht panyachya darat nammatra pramanat kapat kelee. prastav 218 antargat sthanik mahasool kapat upkramane qamee kelelya panyache darr vadhavanyapurvi sthanik sarkarla matdaranchya manjurichi aavashyakta asel.
sthanik prastav 218 upkramanna virodh.
prastav 218 antargat sthanik upkramanna, visheshtah sthanik sarvajanik karmchari sanghatanankadun aanee anekada sthanik vyavsayik samudayakadun, varanvar suvyavasthit aanee nidhi puravnanya virodhala samore jaave lagate. prastav 218 antargat kahee sarvat ugra rajkiy aanee kayadeshir ladhayanmadhye sthanik sarkarche curr qamee karnyasathi kinwa radd karnyasathi sthanik pudhakar shakticha vapar karane samavisht aahe.
pudhakar nivadnukanmadhye sthanik sarkarchya mahitipurn mohima.
sthanik sarkaranna, prastav 218 antargat sthanik upkramanchya virodhat moheem rabavanyasathi sarvajanik nidhi aanee sansadhane kharch karnyas manai asali taree, tyanna asha upkramambaddal matdaranna "shikshit" karananya "mahitipurn" mohimanmadhye sahbhagi honyasathi sarvajanik nidhi kharch karanyachi parvanagi aahe. jevha sthanik sarkarandware 218 yaa prastavantargat sthanik upkramachya sandarbhat sanshayaspad kinwa vadgrast mahitipurn mohima kelya jaatat, tevha anekada matdaransathi upalabdh asalela ekmev vyavharik upay mhanje asha mahitipurn mohimanna nivadanuk pracharadarmyan eka mahattvapoorn rajkiy muddah banavane.
haward jarvis kardatyanchya sanghatnene kardatyanna sthanik sarkarkadoon bekaydeshir moheem kharch thambavanyat madat karnyasathi mahitee jaaree kelee aahe, jyat prastav 218 antargat sthanik pudhakar shaktichya vaparachya sandarbhat dekhil samavisht aahe.
sthanik sarkari mahitichi upalabdhata.
matdar aanee pudhakar ghenanya samarthakanna sthanik sarkarvishayichi aarthik mahitee asane heey samanyatah upayukt tharate, jenekarun prastav 218 antargat sthanik upkramachya gunavattebabat adhik mahitipurn matdan nirnay ghenyat madat hoil. sthanik sarkarvishayichi aarthik mahitee thet sthanik sarkarkadunach midavata yeil. jyaa atirikt aakadevariche moolya asoo shakate tyat sarvajanik karmchanyanche vetan aanee labhanchi mahitee (visheshtah nivruttivetan aanee aarogya labhanchi mahitee) aanee varshik arthsankalpiy aanee aarthik ahwal yancha samavesh hoto. alikadil andajpatrak aakadevarimadhye samavisht asalelya sthanik sarkarchya andajpatrak kharch pradhanye, visheshtah samanya curr kapat kinwa radd karnyachya upkramanmadhye upayukt tharoo shakatat, jethe sthanik rajkarani vidyaman samanya karatoon milanari rakkam kashee kharch kelee jaate heey tharavatat.
sthanik sarkarchya bahereel vyapak sarvajanik mahitiche srot matdaransathi prastav 218 antargat sthanik upkramanchya sandarbhat upalabdh aahet. ashee mahitee sthanik upkramat samavisht asalelya konatyahi tathyatmak nishkarsh aanee ghoshanancha paya samavisht karoon, sthanik kapat kinwa radd karnyachya upkramacha pathpurava karnyasathi aadhar pradan karnyat madat karoo shakate.
rajkiy sudharana kayadyacha vapar.
1974 chya california rajkiy sudharana kayadyantargat mohimechya ahavalatil aavashyakta sahasa 218 yaa prastavantargat sthanik upkramanna lagoo hotat. yamule asha upkramanche samarthak aanee virodhak yaa doghannahi mohimetil yogdan kuthoon yet aahe aanee tyaa mohimetil yogdanachi rakkam shodhanyachi sandhee milel. 1974 chya california rajkiy sudharana kayadyabaddalchi atirikt mahitee california phair political practices commissionkadoon miloo shakate.
atirikt sadhan mhanoon sthanik smaranshakti.
parat bolavane haah matdarancha tyaa adhikadhyacha karyakal sampanyapurvi nivadoon aalelya adhikaonyala hatavanyacha ghatanatmakdrushtya rakheev adhikar aahe. jaree 218 yaa prastavacha parat bolavanyachya adhikaravar thet parinam hott nasla, taree sthanik matdar, 218 yaa prastavantargat sthanik pudhakar adhikaracha vapar karoon sthanik parat bolavanyachya adhikaracha vapar karoo shakatat. visheshtah, sthanik prashasakeey mandalache eka kinwa adhik sadasya, curr aakaraniviruddha khatala dakhal karane (nivadanukipurvi aanee/kinwa nantar), aavashyak sankhya swakshya midalyanantar matpatrikevar pudhakar ghenyas nakar dene kinwa sthanik matdaranni manyata dilyanantar pudhakar ghenyas nakar dene yasarkhya 218 yaa prastavantargat sthanik pudhakar adhikaracha vapar karnyas nirash karat asateel tarr heey vishesh aahe.
parat bolavanyachya adhikaracha yashasvi vapar keval nivadak adhikanyanna hatavanyachi tartud karato aanee sthanik sarkarchya prashasakeey mandalane vadgrast upayogita shulk vadhila manyata denyasarkhya konatyahi purv nirnayanmadhye swatah badal karat nahee. prastav 218 antargat sthanik pudhakar shakti vadgrast sthanik karanchya manjurishi sambandhit sthanik sarkarchya prashasakeey mandalane ghetalelya purv nirnayancha samavesh asalelya asha babinche nirakaran karnyasathi tayar kelee aahe.
californiachya rajya sachivanni californiatil sthanik nivadoon aalelya adhikanyanna parat bolavanyachya prakriyevar eka prakashan prakashit kele aahe.
pudhil nivadanukit rajkarnyanna jababdar dharane.
parat bolavanyacha pratyakshat pathpurava keela gela nasla taree, sthanik nivadoon aalelya adhikadhyankadun eka kinwa adhik vadgrast shulkanna manyata dene hii eka ashee baab aahe jyasathi tyaa nivadoon aalelya adhikanyanna prashasakeey mandalachya sadasyansathi tyanantarchya nivadnukanmadhye rajkiyadrushtya jababdar dharale jaau shakate. heey visheshtah vadgrast sthanik karanchya babatit aahe jeey sthanik agencychya upayuktata shulk aanee gharguti paanee kinwa svachatavishayak sandapani sevansathiche shulk yasarkhya 218 vya prastavantargat ghatanatmakdrushtya aavashyak asalelya nivadanukanchya adheen naheet. jarr ekhadya prabhavit sthanik rajkaranine dusya karyakalasathi nivadanuk ladhavanyacha nirnay ghetala, tarr aagami nivadanukit eka kinwa adhik vadgrast sthanik karanchi purv manjuri haah eka mahattvapoorn prachar muddah banoo shakato.