aii. emm. eae. ess. prakar 85

ames prakar 85, jyala indradhanushya code nila yoman mhanoon dekhil olakhale jaate, haah eka atyant shaktishali purvasoochana (eadblue) aanee ladhau disha (gci) radar hota joou royal air force (raf) dware lineman/madhyasth radar networkcha bhag mhanoon vaparla jaato. 1958 chya suruvatila pratham prastavit, 1968 chya uttaradhat teey karyanvit honyapurvi akra varshe hotee, toparyant teey aadhich aprachalit manale jaat hote. naveen aaykaj jaalyacha bhag mhanoon 1980 chya dashakachya uttaradhat marconi martello sanchanni tyachi jaaga gheiparyant 85 prakar haah raffcha prathamik havai sanrakshn radar rahila.
1950 chya dashakat rafney rotter reporting network tainat kele aanee nantar ems prakar 80 ruddars hii pranali sudharali. heey bandhale jaat asatana, carcinotron radar jammerchi tyachya viruddha chachani ghenyat aalee aanee tyache pradarshan purnapane rikame asalyache aadhalun aale. suruvatila, carcinotron serve lamb pallyachya radarna nirupayogi karel ashee bheeti hotee, parantu kalantarane yaa dhokyacha samna karnyasathi anek naveen sankalpana udayas aalya. tyapaiki nila reband radar hota, jyamadhye dazanbhar 8 megawatche clystron vaparale gele, jyane jammer signalla pachhadanyasathi yadruchchikpane varanvarta badalali.
ballistic kshepanastrachya parichayamule bhavishyat honare halle bahudha madhyam pallyachya ballistic kshepanastrandvare hotil, dhoranatmak bombfekidware navhe. sarvasamaveshak bombarodhi pranalichya garjevar prashnachinh upasthit karnyat aale aanee nilya rebandchya uchch kimmatimule tee purnapane radd karnyache lakshya banale. pratisad mhanoon, 1958 madhye nilya rebandmadheel electronics aanee lahan antena ekatra karoon eka naveen rachana tayar karnyat aalee, jee moolatah narangi yoman radarsathi sudharana mhanoon vikasit karnyat aalee hotee. tyacha parinam assa jhaala qee ajunahi vilakshan nilee yamon rachana hotee, jee emus prakar 84 madheel mothya antenacha vapar karoon aanakhi sudharit karnyat aalee. parinami prakar 85 1968 madhye teen thikani karyarat ghoshit karnyat aala.
toparyant sampoorn lineman sankalpana prashnavalimadhye aanali gelee hotee, kaaran radar sites aanee kathor kendrikrut kamand center heey paramparik shastranni dekhil nasht karane kshullak asel. tyaeivaji pranalichya bhavishyatil unnatisathi nidhi shakya titkya lavkar badalanyache nirdesh denyat aale. prakar 85 1970 chya dashkaparyant aanee 1980 chya dashakachya suruvatiparyant sevet rahila, jevha too naveen eucase pranalicha bhag banala. sudharit yukaijne prakar 85 chee jaaga anek lahan aanee adhik bhraman radarne ghetali jenekarun backup pranali auph-site thevata yeteel aanee nantar mukhya radarvar hallah jhalyas vegane sevet aanata yeil. 1990 chya dashakat 85 chaa prakar kahee kalasathi offline jhaala.
itihas.
rotter.
1950 chya dashakachya suruvatila soviet unionne aanvik hallyachya dhokyamule brittonne rotter mhanoon olakhale jaanare eka vyapak radar jaale tayar kele. rotarne suruvatila done tappyanchi kalpana kelee, pratham sakhali gharasarkhya karnyasathi mahayuddhachya adyayavat radarcha vapar karoon aanee nantar 1957 pasoon, tyanchi jaaga microwave purvasoochana kinwa mev mhanoon olakhalya jaanarya natakiyadrushtya adhik shaktishali radarne ghetali jaeel. yaa sankalpanecha eka mahattvacha bhag mhanje sahaa kshetra niyantran kendrancha sanch hota, jithe serve radarmadhun mahitee pathavali jaeel aanee aajubajuchya parisarache havetil olakhale gelele chitra tayar kele jaeel.
rotterchi suruvat hott asatana, 1951 madhye dursanchar sanshodhan aasthapanane (tray) naveen qamee-dhwani chrystal detectors prayog karnyas suruvat kelee jyamule 10 dii. bii. neey swagat sudharle aanee andaje 1 megawatt shaktiche naveen pokali magnetron. heey ekatra eka fatake-chadhavalelya antenavar ekatra karoon, teey shekado mailanchya antaravar bombfecki viman shodhanyat saksham hote. yaa "hiravya lasanichya" namunyachi utpadan aavrutti mevchya anek varshanpurvi upalabdh asel. mevche dirghakalin vikas prakalpat rupantar karnyat aale aanee marconi wirelessmadhye badal karnyat aala. hirwa lasoon ems prakar 80 mhanoon vegane vikasit karnyat aala aanee 1954 madhye suru jhaala, jyache prarambhik jaale pudhil varshi karyanvit jhaale.
heey lavkarach lakshat aale qee pranalimadhye, kirkol sudharana karoon, interceptor vimananna agadi lamb pallyachya lakshyanparyant margadarshan karnyasathi aavashyak optical resolution hote. tyach velee, 2.5 megawatche naveen magnetron upalabdh jhaale, jyamule mool aavrutyanchya palikade shreni vadhali. yaa prakarchya 80 marqa III mule rotarchya mandanit anek badal jhaale kaaran kendrikrut niyantran kaksh kadhoon taknyat aale aanee tyaeivaji ladhai thet radar kendranmadhun hatalali gelee. akheris, yojnanmadhye anek badal kelyanantar, nauu mukhya radar kendre aanee sumare vees radar durdhvanidware tyanna mahitee puravat pranali udayas aalee.
carcinotron.
1950 madhye, french company see. ess. eff. (aata thales samoohacha bhag) madheel abhiyantyanni carcinotron hii microwave-utpadak vacuum tube sadar kelee, jee ekach input voltage badaloon frequencichya vistrut shrenimadhye vegane tune kelee jaau shakate. dnyat radarchya varanvartetun satat zepavalyane, teey radarchya swatachya pratibimbanvar maat karel aanee tyanna aandhale karel. tyachya atyant vistrut bandwidthcha arth assa hota qee ekach carcinotroncha vapar too bhetanyachi shakyata asalelya konatyahi radarvar jamming signal pathvanyasathi keela jaau shakato aanee jalad tuningcha arth assa hota qee too ekach velee anek radarchya virodhat asey karoo shakato kinwa barrage jamming tayar karnyasathi serve sambhavya frequencitun vegane zepavu shakato.
november 1953 madhye carcinotron sarvajanikpane ughad karnyat aala. naudal signal aanee radar aasthapanane eka vikat ghetala aanee tyala 'catherine' navachya handley pages hassingmadhye basavale, tyaa varshachya uttaradhat navintam prakar 80 viruddha tyachi chachani kelee. tyanna bheeti vatat hotee qee, tyamule radarche pradarshan purnapane naan vachanyajoge jhaale, konatyahi pranalichya lakshyanna lakshyanna aavajane bharalele. viman radar kshitijakhali asatana dekhil upayukt jamming purn kele gele, asha paristhitit itar vimane jamming signalchya baher disanyapurvi bajunna asane aavashyak hote. hii pranali itaki prabhavi hotee qee tee lamb pallyachya radarla nirupayogi banavat asalyache disun aale.
meey.
rotter basavala jaat asatana, marconi yetheel mool mev designver ajunahi kaam kele jaat hote. raffchya tatkal garja 80 prakarane purn jhalyamule, adhik saksham rachana tayar karnyasathi mevchya garja sudharit kelya gelya hotya. parinami dilelya tapashilanusar 10 megawatt ell-band clystron aanee pragat halanari lakshya sanket (emm. tii. aay.) pranali aavashyak hotee.
gananene asey suchavale qee carcinotron konatyahi varanvartevar sumare 10 doubleu signal tayar karoo shakate. 10 megawatche clystron transmitter 200 aine. emm. aay. varr 11 doubleu. return signal tayar karel, jyamule jamingla adhik ball milel kinwa 'burn thru' hoil. durdaivane, clystron hii eka samasya asalyache siddha jhaale aanee kahee prasangi teey keval 7 megawatparyant pohochu shakale. 1958 madhye, too sodoon denyacha aanee 1956 madhye zudup tekadivar radarshi radarshi prayogik 2 megawatt ell-band magnetronne tyachya jaagi badalanyacha nirnay ghenyat aala. shevati too sudharun 2.5 megawatt karnyat aala.
mev ell-bandmadhye 23 centimeter tarangalambivar kaam karat hota. yamule paus aanee barfachya sfatikanvar michya vikhuranyache parinam khoopach qamee sanvedanshil hotat, mhanje ell-band radar paus kinwa judd dhaganmadhye adhik prabhavi asatat. dirgh tarangalambichi nakaratmak bajoo mhanje optical resolution heey tarangalambiche eka ulat karya aahe, mhanoon 80 chya 9 centimeter prakarachya tarangalambichya sumare tippat karyarat rahanyacha arth assa aahe qee tyache resolution dekhil tippat qamee hote. ladhau vimananna achook margadarshan karnyasathi ajunahi kahee itar radarchi aavashyakta asel.
nila rebund.
mevchya mool cliestronchya apayshanantar, 1956 madhye aar. aar. eae. neey mahanagar-wickerschya bhagidarit naveen radar vikasit karnyas suruvat kelee. indradhanushya code "nila reband" dilyas, rachaneche uddisht fakt "adukmadhye tainat karata yenyajoga sarvat motha, sarvat shaktishali radar tayar karane" heey hote."nila reband konatyahi sambhavya carcinotron rachnevar maat karel, tarr thet avarodhkanna margadarshan karnyasathi pureshi achookata dekhil pradan karel. pudhe, tyanna pranali pranali radar asavi ashee tivra ichcha hotee jenekarun vegale unchi shodhanare kadhoon takale jaau shaktil; unchi shodhanare bahutekda prathamik radaraitkech mahag hote aanee chalvanyasathi vel ghenare hote.
magnetron hii kahishi vichitra upkarane aahet, jyamadhye teey eka tappyat shaktishali microwave signal tayar karatat aanee teey tayar karatat tyaa microwavechy varanvarta heey upkarananchya bhautik parimananche karya aahe aanee utpadananantar teey badalale jaau shakat nahee. yaulat, clystron purnapane eka pravardhak mhanoon karya karato. sphatik ausilatormadhun asey samaja, anek sandarbh sanket dilyas, clystron sumare 100 megahertzchya bandwidthmadhye konatyahi strotacha vistar karoo shakato, jyachya palikade tyachi karyakshamta qamee hote. asha prakare, cliestronkade gelyane, pratyek spandanasah sanketachi varanvarta vegvegalya srot sanketanchya malikeshi jodoon badalane shakya hote.
asha signalla jaam karnyasathi, carcinotronla sampoorn 100 megahertz bandwar prasarit karave lagel, jyamule signal asha binduparyant patal hoil jithe too radarchya spandananvar maat karoo shakanar nahee. radar samikaranamule, radarchya spandananchi urja chauthya shaktichya shrenisah qamee hote, tyamule carcinotron lamb pallyachya shreneet tiku shakat nahee yachee khatri karnyasathi pureshi shakti asane mhanje utpadan prachand asane aavashyak hote. nilya rebandne modelnusar done kinwa chaar cliestronmadhun signal ekatra misaloon aanee nantar parinami 8 megawatt signal prasarit karoon hii samasya sodavali.
uchch-shaktichya daali asanyane samasya purnapane sutat nahee, lakshyavaril urja jastit jaast vadhavanyasathi tyaa signalla shakya titkya lahan bhagat kendrit karayache asate. nilya rebandne dazanbhar transmitterche utpadan vaparanyachi yojana aakhali, pratyekat done kinwa chaar clystron degree anulamb konatoon ekach feed hornla feed karatat. baaraa shinganni eka kiran tayar keela joou ekoon 6 ansh unch hota aanee jawalchya shinganmadhil tyachya sanketachya samarthyachi tulana karoon lakshyachya ubhya konacha andaj lavala jaau shakato. 80 prakarchya resolutionshi julanyasathi, antena signalla samaan degree rund bimmadhye kendrit karnyasathi puresa rund asane aavashyak hote.
asha ghattapane kendrit kelelya pencil beemchi nakaratmak bajoo ashee aahe qee antena aakash scan karnyasathi firat asatana beam mageel lakshyanna atishay vegane zodapato. 80 chya prakarchya nadichya punaravruttichi varanvarta 250 spandane-prati-sekand aanee tyacha 4 aar. pii. emm. chaa firanyacha veg, yacha arth assa qee beam tyachya palikade sarakato tevha keval 3 teey 5 spandane konatyahi lakshyala dhadaktil. yamule tulanene qamee blip-too-scan gunottar hote aanee yapaiki kahee daali jarr jaam jhalya, tarr lakshya nahise houu shakate. hii samasya sodavanyasathi, nilya rebundne eka chaurasamadhye chaar antena basavanyacha prastav thewala, mhanje sampoorn aakash 90 ansh firavalyanantar scan kele jaeel. yamule paribhraman aar. pii. emm. paryant mandavale jaau shakate, jyamule "ranganchi" sankhya mothya pramanat vadhate.
sankalp uddishte purn karnyasathi parabolic reflectorchi aavashyakta hotee. yapaiki chaar miloon eka prachand pranali tayar kelee, itaki mothee qee tee vidyaman bearing pranalinvar basavanyacha konatahi marg navhata. teey shevati jodrel banq vedhshalet vyasachya lovell durbinine vaparlelya dravnavar sthayik jhaale. heey eka sudharit railway rastyavaril payathyashi chalate, jyat eka prachand trikoni chaukat asalelya dabyanchya anek sanch aahet. nilya rebandsathi, tyanni vyas asaleli kahishi lahan aavrutti sweekarli, jyachya varr eka chaukat asalelya sahaa dabya hotya, jyaa sapat turntablepramane kaam karat hotya.
baaraa transmitter sabhagruhachya madhyabhagi purale jaatil. tyanchi shakti baaraa ekach wave-guidechya malikedware antenamadhye dilee gelee, jee tyaa velee astitvat navhati. done sambhavya waveguide designschi chachani ghenyat aalee, eka aar. aar. eae. yethe aanee dusari metrovic yethe.
vikasadarmyan, ekach ekach lahari-margdarshakasah pranali tayar karnyacha sambhavya marg sadar karnyat aala. yamule antenala ubhya dishene asalelya slot antenadware ekach sanket midala aanee beam varr aanee khalee halavanyasathi 'squint' mhanoon olakhala jaanara prabhav vaparla. jevha signalchi varanvarta badalate tevha squintmule tyacha coone badalato. dazanbhar clystron vegvegalya frequenciver seet karoon, squintmule pratyekjan vegalya konatoon baher padel. hii sankalpana tevha sodoon denyat aalee jevha heey nidarshanas aale qee frequency vaparoon beam chalavanyacha arth konatyahi eka vimanala nehmi samaan frequencine dhadak dilee jaeel, jyamule jammerche kaam khoop sope jhaale.
aanakhi eka sankalpana jee mandali gelee tee mhanje keval done antena mage-mage basavane aanee donhivar dazanbhar feedhornche swatantra sanch vaparane. eka kshitij kshitij 0.40 anshanchya beamwidthwar seet kele jaeel aanee dusare 0.6 uchch coone jhakanare asel. yamule kshitijavar adhik achookata midali aanee ekoon ubhya coverage 6 anshanvarun 12 paryant vadhavali gelee. ekoon chovis transmitter asateel. yaa rachanecha pathpurava keela gela asey disat nahee.
naveen cliestronsathicha karar karar akheris emila pathvanyat aala. toparyant pratyek transmitterla 100 megahertz bandwidthwar tune karanyachi sankalpana hotee, jyamadhye serve baaraa sanch 500 megahertzchya bandla jhakatat, jyachya palikade receiver dekhil sanvedansheelatene qamee houu lagale. transmitterla feedhornshee yadruchchikpane jodoon, konatyahi lakshyala dhadakanyachi varanvarta pratyek spandanasah badalali, jyamule tyanna sampoorn 500 megahertz band barrage jamingchya swarupat jaam karnyas bhag padale.
sankalpana badalat aahet.
1956 paryant, vidyaman rotter jaalyamadhye 80 chya dashakachi sthapana changli suru hotee. yaa thikananchya jaagi nilya reband aanee mev sarkhya anty-jamming radar vaparnyakade laksh kendrit kele jaat hote. tathapi, havai sanrakshanachya sampoorn swarupabaddal havai mantralayat tivra charchecha haah kaal hota.
rotterchi rachana haanee maryadechya sankalpanevar aadharit hotee. konatihi sanrakshanatmak pranali paripoorn nasate aanee kahee shatru vimane paar padat asat. jarr tyanchyakade paramparik shastre kinwa agadi suruvatiche anubomb asateel tarr honare nuksan tikoon rahnyajoge asel. rotterche uddisht brittonche nuksan maryadit karane heey hote, tarr raaf bombfekiche aadesh atirikt halle suru karanyachi yuu. ess. ess. aar. chee kshamata nasht karat hote.
hydrogen bombchya parichayamule hii sankalpana gambhirpane aswasth jhaali. aata agadi thodya sankhyene viman sanrakshanala paar karoon deshavar vinashkari nuksan pohochavel. hanichi maryada hii aata upayukt sankalpana rahili nahee; jarr anuyuddha jhaale tarr brittoncha naash honyachi shakyata hotee. yaa naveen vatavaranat, sanrakshn haah sanrakshanacha ekmev sambhavya prakar banala.
asha prakare, 1954 pasoonach dhoranatmak vichar havai sanrakshanakade pramukhyane vhee bombfecki dalache sanrakshn karnyacha eka marg mhanoon pahanyas suruvat jhaali, jyamule tyala havet jaanyasathi puresa vel milel yachee khatri jhaali. yaa bhoomikesathi, rotarchya sampoorn desh vyaptichi aavashyakta navhati. tyaeivaji, fakt madhya pradesh kshetra jethe vhee bombers aadharit hote, tethe sanrakshanachi aavashyakta hotee. yaa bharr badalamule, anek rotter sites kadhoon taknyat aalya aanee interceptor vimananchi sankhya varanvar qamee karnyat aalee.
1956 paryant yaa 'bachavatmak' sankalpanevarhi charcha hott hotee. pratyek hallekhorala rokhanyachi apeksha konihi karoo shakat naslyamule aanee tyapaiki konihi vhee-forcecha kahee bhag nasht karel, vishvasarh pratibandh sadar karnyasathi vhee-force puresha sankhyene tikoon raheel yachee khatri karnyacha ekmev marg mhanje jevha jevha gambhir dhoka disun yeil tevha pratyek upalabdh bombfekicha maaraa karane. jarr asey asel tarr konatyahi sanrakshanatmak pranali rikamya havai kshetranche aanee uddan naan karata yenyajogya vimananche sanrakshn karat asateel. hallyachya purvasuchanachi garaj ajunahi shaktishali radarchi asali taree, tyapalikade konatyahi goshtisathi, interceptor aanee kshepanastranchi aavashyakta sanshayaspad hotee. 1956 pasoon yaa vishayavar charcha suru hotee.
1957 shvetpatrika.
yaa vadat vadat sanrakshn shwetpatra aala, jyacha british lashkaravar prachand parinam jhaala. yaa peparmadhil eka mahattvacha muddah assa hota qee, dhoranatmak dhoka bombfecki vimananpasoon ballistic kshepanastrankade jaat hota. purv europemadhun sodanyat parat madhyam pallyachya ballistic kshepanastranchya (emm. aar. bii. emm.) shreneet britton hote aanee hii bombfecki vimananpeksha sopee aanee swast asalyane, 1960 chya dashakachya madhyaparyant brittenla lakshya karnari hii prathamik seena asel asey manale jaat hote. yaa samasyecha abhyas kartana, mishra bombfecki/kshepanastra hallyanchi kalpana kelee gelee asali taree, ashee konatihi paristhiti disat navhati qee jyaa antargat pahila hallah keval bombfekidware keela jaeel. yaa prakaranat, achook margdarshanachi aavashyakta nasel, fakt purvasoochana dene aavashyak hote.
pratyuttarat, britton tyanchya swatachya anushakticha aadhar mhanoon bomberspasoon madhyavarti pallyachya ballistic kshepanastrankade (aay. aar. bii. emm. ess.) jaeel. yu. ess. ess. aar. neey aapala kshepanastra tafa tayar keela asatana vimananviruddhchya sanrakshanatmak pranalinchi aavashyakta keval thodya kalavadhisathi asel aanee 1960 chya dashakachya madhyaparyant radarcha ekmev uddesh purvasoochana dene haah asel. nilya rebandsarkha shaktishali radar tyachya kimmatiche samarthan karoo shakala nahee, kaaran too tayar jhalyanantar kahee varshansathich tyachi aavashyakta asel. yach samanya yuktivadacha eka bhag mhanoon, itar havai sanrakshn pranali radd karnyat aalya, tyapaiki karyatmak aavashyakta f.155 interceptor aanee blue embaseder kshepanastra. yamule nilya rebandsarkhya lamb pallyachya radarchi garaj aanakhi qamee padali.
aanakhi eka mahattvacha muddah mhanje, pudhe jaatana, kshepanastra hallyacha purvasoochana denari pranali. violet friend anty-ballistic kshepanastra sanshodhanacha eka bhag mhanoon yaa bhoomiket nilya rebandcha vapar karnyababat kahee vichar karnyat aala hota. parantu toparyant heey dnyat jhaale hote qee america tyanchya naveen bii. emm. yuu. ess. radar-chetavani pranaliche aayojan karnyasathi uttar european sthal shodhat hotee. aktoobar 1957 madhye yuu. keey. neey uttar scotlandmadhye eka jaaga deu karat, suruvatila yuu. ess. kadey sampark sadhala, parantu februwari 1960 madhye teey dakshinekade raff filingdales yetheel tyachya antim thikani halavanyat aale jenekarun teey sankuchit hott asalelya havai-sanrakshn kshetrachya sanrakshanatmak aavaranakhali yeu shakel.
nila yoman.
heey serve hott asatana, armi-oriented center yaa uttar bhagat, 82 "aurange yoman" yaa prakaratil emswar vaparlya olakhalya guntaguntichya lains pranalila badalanyasathi naveen radar antenamadhye kahee prayatna kele hote. heey eka paramparik parabolic paravartak mhanoon udayas aale. 82 chya magnetron prakarachi jaaga jaaga naveen cliestrons, uttarekadil thikani sthapanesathi eka namuna vikasit karnyat aala hota. prakar 82 jyaa bhoomikesathi moolatah vikasit karnyat aala hota, asha prakar 82 chya madtishivay prakar 80 kshepanastranna margadarshan karoo shakato asey aadhalun aale tevha pudhil vikas radd karnyat aala.
nilya rebandpramane, 82 prakaramadhye unchiche mojmap karnyasathi baaraa ubhya feedhorncha dheeg hota. yamule 1958 chya suruvatila nilya rebandchya shaktishali transmitterla yaa naveen antenashi julavun ghenyacha prayatna jhaala. yacha parinam mhanoon spasht code naav blue yoman jhaale. namuna antena aar. aar. eae. chya dakshin bhagat, raff-sambandhit bhagat halavanyat aala aanee 80 chya turntable prakarachya aavruttivar basavanyat aala. aala madhyaparyant antena basavanyat aala aanee tyaa varshachya akheris, done waveguide bharnare ekach transmitter karyarat jhaale. yamule tyanna varanvarta-kharedi pranali aanee itar vaishishtyansah prayog karanyachi mubha midali. shevati, baraivaji fakt chaar clystron fitt hote. pudhil done varshant, pranalicha satatcha khota dhokyacha ishara darr, eka guntagunticha duheri shing feed joou sidelobes qamee karato aanee naveen done-puls halvinari lakshya sanket pranali vikasit karnyasathi yaa pranalicha vapar karnyat aala.
yaa chaloo kamachya aadhare, november 1958 madhye havai mantralayane utpadan modelsathi vaishishtye nishchit kelee aanee tyala ems prakar 85 asey naav dile. heey prototypesarkhech hote parantu tyache eka mothe antena hote jeey moolatah mevasathi vikasit kele gele hote. yaa veleparyant, mev heey ems prakar 84 banale hote. samaan antena pranali samayik karnyache lakshaniy fayade hote. feedhorn mool sankalpanepasun beam degree aadvya aanee 1 degree ubhya tayar karnyasathi sudharit kele gele aanee bajula bajula asthir sanrachanet thewale gele. antenachi rachana 1 teey 12 ansh anulamb kinwa 3 teey 15 anshanvar aachchadan karoon, donpaiki konatyahi eka konat basnyasathi kelee gelee hotee. metrovicne 85 prakarchya utpadanache utpadan suru kele, tarr emila tyachya cliestronsathy utpadan karar denyat aala.
anty-jamming mission.
1957 chya shvetpatrikechya parinamanchi tapasani kelee jaat asatana, radar niyojanavar varchasva gajavanyachi eka manoranjak shakyata samore aalee. hii kalpana hotee qee soviet heey viman viman durparyant udavu shakatat aanee bii. muse jaam karnyasathi carcinotroncha vapar karoo shakatat. jarr teey jaam jhaale asate tarr kshepanastra prakshepan shodhanyacha konatahi marg urala nasata aanee suraksha upay mhanoon vhee-forcela chetavanivar prakshepan karave lagel. jarr soviet sanghane hii yukti punha kelee, tarr teey bombfecki hallekhor aanee tyanche karmchari lavkar thakoon jaau shakatat. asha vimananvar hallah karava lagel kinwa tyanna baher kadhave lagel, jyacha arth assa aahe qee interceptorla gemerchya shreneet aananyasathi kahee prakarchya anty-jamming radarchi aavashyakta asel.
1950 chya dashakat carcinotroncha samna karnyasathi dusari sankalpana vikasit karnyat aalee hotee. yamule sanket srot mhanoon carcinotroncha vapar keela gela aanee tyache sthan nishchit karnyasathi trikonachi sudharit aavrutti vaparali gelee. yaa kalpanecha vichar 1950 chya dashakat keela jaat hota, parantu aatach teey tayar karnyache spasht kaaran hote; viman radar kshitijakhali asatanahi, hii pranali nilya yomanchya palikade vimanache sthan shodhu shakat hotee. yaa pranalisathi pratyek detectorsathi kiman done antenachi aavashyakta hotee aanee asey suchavale gele hote qee nila yuman yaa donhinpaiki eka mhanoon kaam karoon duheri kartavya pradan karoo shakato. asha prakare 1958 chya akheris, nila yuman dekhil yaa naveen naveen pranalicha bhag asel asey tharavale gele hote.
jevha aar. aar. eae. dakshin bhagatil namuna pranali karyanvit jhaali, tevha tyacha shodhak, robbert heinry dickchya navavarun 'dicke-fixes' mhanoon olakhalya olakhalya eka naveen prakarchya anty-jamming pranalichi chachani ghenyasathi ticha vapar keela jaau lagla. dicke haah eka american redio khagolshastradnya hota, joou 1930 chya dashakat redio frequency spectrummadhye khoop gongat uddan automobile ignition systemule jhalelya hastakshepamule nirash jhaala hota. tyachya lakshat aale qee aavaj lahan spandananchya swarupat hota aanee tyane eka filter tayar kele jyamule asey sanket kadhoon takale jaatat. 1960 madhye, canadachya rashtriy sanshodhan parishadene carcinotron signal filter karnyasathi yaa designcha vapar karnyababat eka ahwal prakashit keela, joou ignition aavajapramane, bandmadhun vahatana konatyahi ekach frequencymadhye khoop lahan spandanansarkha disat hota. yamule kamgirimadhye 40 takkyanparyant sudharana jhaali.
tyach velee, blue embaseder kshepanastravar kaam uddan bristol aanee ferrenty yetheel chamooni eka chatur kalpana suchavali hotee. nilya dutche jeey bhag purn jhaale hote, naveen radar aanee ramjet engine vaparoon tyanni bloodhound chinh II tayar karnyasathi bristall bloodhoundche rupantar kele jeey sumare shreneet prabhavi hote. yaa rupantarasathicha kharch khoop qamee hota aanee tyachya dhyeyabaddal shanka asoonahi too vikasasathi swikarla gela. yamule eka radar asanyache atirikt kaaran midale jeey kshepanastranna lakshya karnyasathi aanee golibar karnyasathi puresa vel denyasathi agadi jordar jamingmadhyehi puresha shrenisah purvasoochana deu shakate.
aadhi yojana qaraa.
heey serve badal aanee visheshtah julai 1957 madhye havai havai ughad jhalelya carcinotronchya naveen chachanyancha vichar karata, 1958 chya uttaradhat naveen jaalyachya yojana udayas yeu lagalya. heey teen mukhya tracking stationchya sanchavar aadharit asel, jeey sadharanpane trikonat, raff staxton walled, raff maddieshead aanee raff bramkotmadhye aanee raff hopton, raff fairlight aanee raff auxenhop muur yethe anty-jamming receiversasathi teen nishkriy tracking stationvar aadharit asateel. pratyeki 85 aanee 84 prakarachi rotter stations asateel. done uttarekadil rotter stations, ruff buchan aanee ruff saxa ward, keval purvasuchanasathi tyancha 80 prakar rakhoon thevatat-jaree heey radar jaam kele jaau shakatat, asey karnyacha konatahi prayatna uttarekadun chhapa padat asalyache soochit karel aanee tyadvare dakshinekadil mukhya sthanke satark kartil. yaa sthankanvar done atirikt prakarchya 84 basavanyat yeteel.
teen mukhya kendranmadhun mahitee rotter fages 3 chaa bhag honyachya uddeshane deta networkwar pathavali jaeel, jyat digital sanganakanna radar sitevaroon mahitee dilee jaeel, svayamchalitapane track tayar kele jaatil aanee digital swarupat interceptorna margadarshan pathavale jaeel. rotarmadhil aanakhi eka badal mhanje done mukhya niyantran kendranvar (emm. see. see.) kendrikrut aadesh aanee niyantran. yache eka kaaran mhanje naveen radar kshitij scan karat hote aanee sthanakanchya varchya bhagala vyapat navhate, tyamule vimanane yaa bhagat pravesh keela tevha jawalchya radarla magova ghyava lagel. yavyatirikt, nishkriy magova pranalila anek sanketsthalanvaril mahitee ekatra karavi lagali. tracking saravat nehmi ekapeksha jaast radarcha samavesh asalyane, pranali naisargikaritya kendrikrut hotee. done emm. see. see. chee yojana aakhanyat aalee hotee, raff bavberg aanee raff shipton yethe hii thikane mhanoon nivad karnyat aalee hotee.
gair-jamming paristhitit, parinami jaale sampoorn british betanna aanee vayavya europecha eka mahattvapoorn bhag denmarkparyant vyapel. urvarit 80 chey dashak itake door norwechya samudraparyant vistarle. sarvat white paristhitimadhye, cornwall vagalata englandcha bahutansh bhag vyapoon, skotlandmadhil sumare dandichya dakshinekadil bhagat heey aavaran sankuchit hoil. passive tracking pranali, kiman jammer vahoon deta vimanachya viruddha, sampoorn englandchya uttarekade scottish dongral pradeshanparyant tasech irelandchya purv ardhya bhagaparyant vistarel.
yaa pranalicha kharch andaje 30 dashalaksh paund (dashalaksh paund) assa hota. teen radar aanee eka emm. see. see. chee sangad pranali 1962 paryant upalabdh houu shakali, jevha raktashodhak kshepanastrachi naveen aavrutti upalabdh hoil. havai mantralayane 8 janewari 1959 roji yaa sankalpanela manyata dilee aanee augustmadhye tyala pudhil naav yojana denyat aalee.
naveen vilamb.
sanganakachya pranalichya pranalichya garja purnapane lakshat yetach kahee mahinyantach kimmati vadhu lagalya. ekada serve durdhvani marg samavisht jhaale qee, yaa pranalichi kimmat aata 76 teey 96 dashalaksh paund aanee 100 dashalaksh paund itaki () asalyacha andaj hota. pratisad mhanoon, meey 1960 madhye bavberg yetheel pranali keval suruvatichya teen radar aanee eka emm. see. see. paryant qamee karnyacha nirnay ghenyat aala, jyamule kharch sumare 60 dashalaksh paund jhaala.
1960 chya akheris, utpadakachya thikani upkarananche kahee bhag jamoo lagale hote, parantu tainat karnyas adyap adhikrutata denyat aaleli navhati. teen-sthanakanche jaale heey serve kahee asel asey disalyane, bramkot yetheel antardeshiy sthan sthan bolmer yetheel vidyaman kinarpatti rotter stationmadhye halavoon mandanimadhye trikonatun reshet badal karnyat aala. yamule vhee-bomberchya payanvar jastit jaast vyapti vadhel.
yach tappyavar pantpradhan harrold mcmillan yanni yaa yojanambaddal aikale aanee 13 september 1960 roji jhalelya mantrimandalachya baithakit tyavar charcha karanyachi magani kelee. baithakit, mcmillanne yaa pranalivaril aaplya aakshepanchi ruparesha mandali, assa yuktivad keela qee 1960 chya dashakachya madhyaparyant eka kirkol dhoka asel tyaa dhokyacha samna karnyasathi tyachya uchch kharchala nyayya tharavata yenar nahee. pratisadat, sanrakshn mantryanni vimanala adthala aananyachya samasyechi ruparesha aakhalih
mcmillanne 19 september roji dusari baithak bolavali, jithe tyanni pudhil yojana suru thevanyas sahmati darshavali, parantu keval jarr too vikasachya tappyat asalela ekmev havai sanrakshn radar asel tarach. blue jokar radd karnyat aala aanee pudhil yojana suru rahili.
mcmillanne yaa pranalivar charcha karnyasathi aanee tyacha kharch qamee karata yeil qee nahee yavar charcha karnyasathi anek atirikt baithka bolavalya. viman vahtook mantralayache mukhya vaidnyanik sallagar, solee zukarman aanee viman vahtook mantralayache mukhya shastradnya, robbert cockburn yaa doghannihi pudhil yojanecha abhyas uddan ahavalat bharr ghatali aanee 24 november 1960 roji too sadar keela. ahavalat asey mhatale aahe qee pranalichi andajit kimmat tyachya sadhyachya swarupat lakshaniyaritya qamee karnyacha konatahi marg disat nahee aanee tarihi eka upayukt pranali aahe; doghanni ektar tee jashee aahe tashee tayar karanyachi kinwa tee purnapane radd karanyachi soochana kelee.
zukarman pudhe gela, shantatechya kalat vyaptimule nagri vimanancha magova ghenyacha dekhil pranali eka utkrusht marg banala aahe yakade laksh vedhale aanee suchavale qee pudhil yojana samayik lashkari/nagri havai vahtook niyantran jaalyasathi aadhar banoo shakate. yamule tyala kharch vatoon ghenyachi mubha milel, anyatha tyasathi done swatantra jaalyanchi aavashyakta bhasel.
lineman/madhyasth.
pahilya jetlinerchya parichayamule havai vahtook niyantran (aii. tii. see.) heey tyaa velee swarasyapoorn kshetra hote. purvi, propeller-chalit vimananchya unchivar aanee bhovtalchya vegachya kramanusar uddan kele jaat asey. lashkari vimane khoop jaast unchivar aanee sumare sumare vegane udat hotee. jaminivarche chalak eka najaret vegale prakar sangu shakat hote. rafchi swatachi varchi havai kshetra thevanyasathi vapar kelee jaat asey aanee teey jithe havey tithe udat asey.
lashkari vahatukichya vegat aanee unchivar uddan uddan vimanamule heey sope vibhajan aswasth jhaale. sarvasadharanpane havai vahatukichya satat satat pramanamule, anek close-coll jhaale hote aanee kalantarane heey aanakhi bighadanar heey nishchit hote. yamule 1950 chya dashakachya uttaradhat naveen lashkari havai vahtook niyantran pranalichya yojana aakhalya gelya.
darmyan, laurence synclairchya netrutvakhali nuktyach sthapan jhaleli rashtriy havai vahtook niyantran seva naveen dekka dusser-1 aanee marconi ess. 264 radarvar aadharit tyanchya swatachya vistrut jaalyachi yojana aakhat hotee. lashkari aanee nagri jaale parasparsambandhit aahet aanee tyanchya magova ghenyachya mahiticha satat samanvay sadhane aavashyak aahe. sanrakshn mantryanni 5 december 1960 roji lihilelya eka peparmadhye, doghanche vilinikaran karata yeil yaa zukarmanchya sankalpaneshi sahmati darshavali gelee aanee 7 december 1960 roji sanrakshn samiteene heey manya kele. tyach baithakit, samiteene sadishead yethe pahilya ruddars aanee bavberg yethe emm. see. see. saha pudhil yojaneche bandhkam suru karnyas sahmati darshavali.
aupcharik shifarasi karnyasathi, rashtriy havai vahtook niyantran niyojan gut sthapan karnyat aala, jyala patch samitee mhanoon olakhale jaate. decembermadhye, pratyek bhagdharkane tyanchya anukool pranali aanee parasparsanvadachya kshetranvar sadarikaran kele aanee patch samitila meey 1961 madhye sahaa mahinyant sampoorn ahwal parat karnyache kaam sopavanyat aale. decemberchya sadarikaranat pranali villin karanyachi magani karnyat aalee, jyacha vapar koshagarane bhavishyatil yojana aanee nagri pranali yaa donhivaril kamache karar twarit radd karnyasathi eka nimitt mhanoon keela.
janoo heey purese navhate, emm. see. see. chya sthapanebabat lavkarach vaad nirman jhaala. rafney bavberg yetheel tyanchya jaagechi pasanti kelee, jee vidyaman bhoomigat bunker sankulat bandhali jaat hotee jee moolatah rotter tappyacha eka bhag mhanoon bandhali gelee hotee aanee nantar 80 radar prakar sadar keela gela tevha anavashyak banavali gelee. yaulat, aar. aar. eae. neey bobberg sodoon londonmadhye emm. see. see. bandhanyas anukulata darshavali, jeey heathro vimantalavar bandhanyat parat nagri kendrachya shejari aahe. tyanche tark asey hote qee hydrogen bombchya yugat imarat katheen karnyacha prayatna karnyat kahee arth navhata aanee tee tyachya nagri pratirupachya shejari bandhun, dalanvalan upkarnanmadhye lakshaniy bachat houu shakate.
24 janewari 1961 roji, shevati yuktivad nikali kadhanyat aala; emm. see. see. aanee tyache nagri samkaksh yaa doghannahi paschim draytonmadheel naveen thikani halavanyat aale. yamule raaf ladhau kamandmadhye nishedhache vadal usalale, jyanni nidarshanas aanoon dile qee keval anvastranpasun teey sphotakanni bharalelya trakparyant serve kahee yaa thikanavar sahajpane hallah karoo shakat nahee, tarr tyaa thikanahun aanee tethoon mahitee mahitee dalanvalan duvyanna sahajpane jaam kele jaau shakate. yaa muddyavar vaad petala, parantu tatkal kalavadhit konatahi badal karnyat aala nahee.
21 februwari roji koshagarane decembermadhye tyanni thambavalelya pranalinsathi nidhi jaaree keela aanee karnyasathi divashi, 22 februwari roji, pudhil yojaneche aupcharikpane 'lineman' asey namkaran karnyat aale, tarr nagri paksh madhyasth jhaala. tyaveli ekoon baaraa sthanakanche niyojan karnyat aale hote, jyat pahile ess. 264 radar heathrosathi jaat hote aanee september 1961 madhye ughadanyachi yojana hotee, pahila prakar 85 haah 1963 chya madhyat sadisheadver hota. raff bodsey yetheel namuna prakar 84 haah moolatah saxa wordsathi niyojit hota, joou uttar irelandmadhil bishop courtmadhye halavoon antim badal karnyat aala, jyamule eka dusser-1 vachala.
pranali sthapit qaraa.
margavaril antenala imaratisathi nidhi march 1961 madhye koshagarane jaaree keela, jyamule lineman bandhkamachi adhikrut suruvat jhaali. radarchi pratyaksh sthapana august 1962 madhye niyojit karyanvit hastantaranasaha 1964 madhye kadhikadhi suru jhaali. clystron vyatirikt itar serve goshtinche utpadan changle suru hote; clystron nantar 60 megahertz bandwidthsathi downgrade kele gele, tyamule sampoorn 500 megahertz bandwidthla cover karnyasathi adhik transmitterchi aavashyakta bhasel.
bhasel akheris mount aanee turntable mothya pramanat purn jhaale hote, parantu clystron hii eka samasya rahili aanee aata emm. see. see. paryant deta deta redio upkarnanmadhye vilamb jhaala. jhaala akheris hii vyavastha 80 takke purn jhaali hotee aanee urvarit 20 takke anek kirkol samasyancha samavesh hota, jyanna varanvar vilamb jhaala hota. julai 1964 madhye niyojit asalelya suruvatichya chachanya septemberparyant mage dhaklavya lagalya. changli batami ashee hotee qee prakar 84 aanee nishkriy shodh pranali changlya prakare pudhe jaat hotya.
hotya akheris jawaljawal serve upkarane aalee hotee, parantu aata imarativar yantrana vaat pahat hotee. tatpuratya laash-apmule radar ghatakanchi chachani karata aalee aanee hastantaranachi tarikh september 1965 paryant mage dhakalanyat aalee. turntablechya adchanimule aanakhi done mahinyancha vilamb jhaala, tyanantar eka fatake wave-guide jyane electronicswar paanee takale. yamule hastantaran november 1965 paryant pudhe dhakalale gele, parantu novembarparyant hii pranali keval karyarat hotee aanee prarambhik chachani suru jhaali. turntable aanee wavegidechya samasya suruch rahilya aanee 1 juuna 1967 roji adhikrutpane supurd hoiparyant hastantaran satat teen mahine mage dhakalale gele.
safsafaichya samasyanmadhun shikalelya dhade itar sanketsthalanna labhale. 1 janevarichya niyojit tarkhenantar kahee aathvadyannantar 24 janewari 1968 roji staxtonla supurd kele jaat aahe. tyanantar 8 meey roji bolmer aala. aata chaar teey paach varshe usheera jhalelya yaa vyavastha akher purn jhalya.
sudharana.
rachana maryadet karyarat asale taree, teen ekkanmadhye anek kirkol samasya hotya, visheshtah bimpasoon bimparyantchya urjemadhye farak hota. parat parat done kirananchya samarthyachi tulana karoon unchi shodhane purn kele gele, tyamule kiran shaktimadhil farkanmule heey parinam tirkas jhaale. pudhil done teey teen varshant aavashyakatenusar hii samasya sodavanyat aalee.
1961 pasoon, aar. aar. eae. neey dakshin bhagat nilya yumanvar prayog suru kele jenekarun pavasat tyachi kamgiri sudharel. pavasache pratibimb tarangalambichya chauthya shaktinusar badalate, tyamule 9 seey. mea. ess.-band prakar 85 yaa qamee-tarangalambichya 23 seey. mea. ell.-band prakar 84 peksha yaa samasyecha adhik tras jhaala, joou prakar 84 tikavoon thevanyache eka kaaran hota. tathapi, naadee sampikanache naveen tantra lagoo karoon, aar. aar. eae. pranaline ekoon shodh kshamatevar konatahi parinam naan karata pavasachya paristhitit 13 dii. bii. sudharana darshavili. nirmiti aavrutti 1964 madhye upalabdh jhaali.
1961 madhye dekhil, aar. aar. eae. neey pavasachi avyavastha qamee karnyasathi karnyasathi pranalivar kaam karnyas suruvat kelee, golakar dhruvikrut sanketancha vapar. yacha prayog pahilyanda rotarchya 80 chya prakaravar karnyat aala hota parantu too fitt basat navhata kaaran 85 chya prakarachi lavkarach apeksha hotee. 1963 madhye teey dakshin bhagatil namunashi pranalichi eka naveen aavrutti basavatat, jee sahajpane chachanisathi baher kadhali jaau shakate kinwa kadhali jaau shakate. yaa chachanyanni 12 teey 20 dii. bii. darmyan sudharana darshavili, tathapi, yacha ekoon shodh 3 dii. bii. neey qamee karnyacha dushparinam jhaala. sahajpane kadhoon taknyayogya filterver pudhe kaam qaraa aanee 1970 chya dashkaparyant yaa pranali shevati 85 prakaravar lagoo kelya gelya.
uked.
jevha prakar 85, prakar 84 aanee nishkriy pranalisah sthapit aanee karyanvit kele gele, tevha deta sankalan aanee agreshan pranali swatach vilambat adakali hotee. 1973 paryant tee prarambhik parichalan kshamateparyant pohochali navhati aanee tarihi tee khoop maryadit hotee. yamule sampoorn lineman networkbaddal prashna upasthit jhaale.
toparyant dhoranatmak vatavaran punha ekada badalale hote. 1960 chya dashakachya uttaradhaparyant yuddhaviram karar haah samarik aanee dhoranatmak asha donhi shastranmadhye kahee pramanat samanatechya patalivar pohochala hota aanee tyanchya konatyahi aakramanacha samna mothya pramanat aanvik badala gheuun keela jaanyachi kalpana aata vajvi rahili navhati. aata yuddhancha eka lamb paramparik tappa asanyachi apeksha hotee, kadachit kadhihi 'aanvik' honar nahee. yaa badalachi charcha 1961 pasoon nato staravar jhaali hotee aanee 1968 madhye adhikrut dhoran mhanoon swikaranyat aalee. tripewire yuddh sankalpana gamavalyamule, lineman aprachalit manale gele. purvi, brittenveril konatahi hallah anuurja asalela manla jaat asey, asha paristhitit lineman moolatah disposable hota kaaran tyaa thikananvaril konatyahi hallyala aadhich pratyuttar dile gele asate aanee sanrakshn ashakya hote. aata, tyaa thikananvar thet halle karane purnapane shakya asalyache disat hote.
lashkari niyojak teey prastavit kelyachya kshanapasun kendrikrut swarupabaddal takrar karat hote. aata adhikrutpane ell. see. see.-1 mhanoon olakhalya olakhalya emm. see. see. chee rachana sambhavya deshvyapi jamming hallyache samanvay sadhanyasathi aanee bii. news pranali aanee vhee-force havai kshetranche yaa jamingpasoon sanrakshn karnyasathi karnyat aalee hotee. yaa naveen vatavaranat, ell. see. see.-1 varr paramparik hallah shakya hota aanee samudrachya bajula radarchi sthitee aata tyanna qamee-uddan vimananchya hallyasathi atyant asurakshit banavat asalyache disun aale. heey dekhil ughad jhaale qee dalanvalan duve tyaeivaji drishyaman beaty towerchya madhyamatoon nele gele hote, keval soviet dutavasachya bahereel vahinyanmadhye vahinyanmadhye landline pranalinni tyanchi jaaga ghetali.
1971 madhye, done ahavalanni lineman sankalpanetil samasyanchi ruparesha aakhali aanee pranalicha vistar aanee vitaran niyantranasathi tyache hastantaran karnyache aavahan kele. visheshtah, paramparik bombsfot honyachi shakyata asalyas uttar ingland aanee scotlandvaril vyapti gamavane asvikarya manale gele. tyanantar lakshaniy pramanat abhyas jhaala aanee julai 1972 madhye eucase mhanoon olakhale jaanare eka naveen jaale prastavit karnyat aale jeey linemanchi jaaga gheil. yamule teen prakarchya 85 pranali kayam rahilya, tarr saxa ward, buchan aanee bishop court yetheel sthanakanche aadhunikikaran kele gele jenekarun adhik rahdari hatalali jaau shakel aanee adhik sampoorn vyapti upalabdh hoil.
badali.
ukadj tyachya swatachya nirakaran naan karata yenyajogya samasyanna tond dett hota aanee 1984 paryant prarambhik karyaparyant pohochala navhata. toparyant aar. aar. eae. neey arrey antenavar lakshaniy sanshodhan kele hote aanee yaa sanshodhanane udhyogat pravesh keela hota. receiver electronicsmadhil sudharananmule radar pranali lakshaniyaritya adhik sanvedanshil banalya hotya, jyamule tyanna kamkuvat paratava shodhata aala aanee asha prakare qamee shakticha vapar karoon tyach kshetrala cover karata aale. parinami, radar pranalinchi eka naveen pidhi udayas yet hotee jee khoopach lahan hotee aanee vividh pramanat gatishilata deu karat hotee.
yaa badalannantar, eka naveen sudharit eucase kinwa eucase prastavit karnyat aala. yaat mukhytah nirashajanakpane kalbahya jhalelya sanganakanchi jaaga navintam yantranni, vacs-11/780, aanee 84 aanee 85 prakarachi jaaga marconi martelover aadharit naveen bhramandhvani pranaline (ems prakar 90 aanee 91 mhanoon) aanee kahee pramanat adhik gatishil placy ar 320 (ems prakar 93 mhanoon) aanee focklands yuddhat argentinamadhun tipalelya aine/tps-43 saha itar designscha sangrah samavisht hota. yukajechi sthapana hott asatana warsau karar visarjit hott hota aanee pranali kadhihi purnapane sthapit kelee gelee navhati.
baisan radar.
swachchatechya ekakachi sthapana suru jhalyamule, dakshin bhagatil mool namuna aata linemanchya prayatnansathi sakriyapane aavashyak navhata. yacha vapar 'baisan' mhanoon olakhali jaanari prayogik pranali mhanoon disu lagla aanee truteey pakshachya vaparkartyansathi sakriyapane tyache vipanan kele gele. 1980 chya dashakachya suruvatila mool transmitterchya jaagi khoopach lahan placy aii. doubleu. ess.-5 naudal radarmadhun ghetalelya done transmitterchi jaaga ghenyat aalee. baisan baisan dashkaparyant vaparat rahile, jevha radar sanshodhan malvernhoon rutherford appleton prayogshaledware chalavalya olakhalya chilbolton vedhshalekade gele. transmitter halavale gele parantu varanvarta vatap manjur kele gele nahee mhanoon naveen thikani punarbandhani naan karata pranali sodoon denyat aalee. 27 julai 2000 roji antena aanee turntable nasht karnyat aale. sangrahalayatil antena jatan karnyacha prayatna kharchamule ayashasvi jhaala aanee too radd karnyat aala. asvachchatechya jagechya punarvikasasathi april 2020 madhye dakshin bhagatil imarat padnyat aalee.
varnan.
sharirik.
85 chya transmitter prakarachya vistrut bandwidthmadhye kamgiri karnyasathi, parabolic reflector antenala ghan prushthbhag vaparava lagla. yacha parinam mothya pramanat pramanat bhaar, jyat antena antena bajula valalyavar valalyavar liftchya parinamancha samavesh hoto. aar. aar. eae. madheel prayoganni asey tharavale qee pahila reflector ekapathopath eka basavane haah sarvottam upay hota aanee yacha vapar 84 yaa prakaravar keela gela. 85 yaa prakarasathi, mukhya reflectorchya done kathanpasun mage pasarlelya done pankhansarkhya "stabilisers" saha pathivar eka aanshik reflector lavala gela. paravartkasamor baaraa feedhornchi ubhi rachana hotee, pratyekane sumare ansh rund aanee 1 ansh unch beam tayar keela.
antenala antenala mhanoon olakhalya olakhalya pramanit teen majali aayatakruti imarativar aadhar denyat aala hota, jyachya varr antena turntable hote. talgharat eka shayangruh aanee aapatkalin shidha dukan hote, talmajalyavar baaraa transmitter hote aanee varchya majalyavar 85 prakarasathi receiver, sambandhit aay. eff. eff. gear aanee aar. ex. 12874 nishkriy shodh upkaranancha sthanik ardha bhag hota. varchya majalyavar dekhbhal karmchari aanee itar vividh karyalaye aanee sathavanukinsathi vaparale jaanare done pradarshan console dekhil hote. yapaiki 27 vee kholee, pranali sanchalan kaksh hotee. yamadhye 'mimik display' chey varchasva hote jyamadhye vividh bhaganchi sthitee darshavinare dive aanee nirdeshak asaleli pranalichi yojnabaddha aakruti hotee.
electronics.
feedhornla baaraa panyane thund kelelya clistronchya malikanni poshan dile hote jeey tyanchya bases frequencichya 60 emm. etch. zed. chya aat tune kele jaau shakat hote. teey chaar varanvarta pattyanmadhye kinwa 'ashtake' madhye vibhagale gele hote, jyanna a, b, d aanee e asey naav denyat aale hote. 2, 900 teey 3,000 megahertzvaril octave see, 85 prakaradvare vaparla jaat navhata kaaran hii varanvarta 80 prakarasah itar anek radardware vaparali jaat hotee.
bandmadhye hii tafavat asoonahi, prakar 85 haah receiverchya bajula konatyahi jawalchya transmitterchya hastakshepas adheen hota, jyat prakar 84 chaa samavesh hota, jaree teey khoop bhinn bandwar kaam karat asale. yamule pradarshanavar chukichya paratavyacha namuna disel, jyala 'dhavnare sase' mhanoon olakhale jaate. heey sodavanyasathi, konatyahi eka thikanchya radarmadhye vegvegalya veleche slot vaparale gele aahet yachee khatri karnyasathi pranalimadhye eka jatil 'noow break trigger' samavisht hote.
shantikalin karyat keval chaar clystron vaparale jaatil, done sakriy aanee done backup mhanoon, aii aanee bii octavemadhye pratyeki eka. itar saptak shantatechya kalat vaparale jaat navhate. pratyek spandanasah, done sakriy clystron tyanchya 60 megahertz shreneet ekach purvanirdharit varanvarta nirman kartil aanee nantar ekatra misalale jaatil aanee serve baaraa feedhornmadhye pathavale jaatil aanee classic kosek 2 vitaran namuna tayar kartil. parinam assa hota qee eka sanket hota jyamadhye done frequency hotya, 100 megahertz antar.
yuddhakalat, pratyek saptakamadhye teen asey serve baaraa clystron vaparale jaatil. pratyek nadisathi, aaa ashtakatil teen clystron yadruchchikpane dii madhye asalelya cliestronshee julale jaatil aanee bii madhye eae saha julale jaatil aanee nantar feed hornpacky ekashi pathavale jaatil. asha prakare pratyek shingala 300 megahertzchya antaravar done frequenciecha eka vegala signal hota. antenachya pratyek firatisah vatap badalale gele, jenekarun pratyek done firatisah 500 megahertz bandmadhil pratyek sambhavya varanvarta vaparali gelee asatee. jamingchya paristhitit, tyach namunyache anusaran karoon itar transmitter dekhil signalmadhye jodale jaatil jenekarun pratyek feed hornla done frequencichya mishranane dile jaeel.
atyant jamingchya velee, antena sector scanver seet karoon shakti aanakhi sudharali jaau shakate, jyamule lakshya lakshya dalichi sankhya mothya pramanat vadhate aanee tyachpramane parat aalelya shaktiche praman vadhate.
kamgiri.
jamming-mukt paristhitit, fakt done transmittercha vapar karoon, prakar 85 haah 1 emm 2 lakshyachya viruddha kshitij-maryadit hota, jyamule tyala nammatra shreni dilee gelee, kaaran receivers 3 ms (300 "radar mail") paryant shrenibaddha hote, jyachya unchivar radar kshitij hote. heey aadhich utkrusht asalelya 80 chya andaje shrenichya tulanet eka mothee sudharana darshavate.

