philipinesvar japani kabja

philipinesvar japani kabja (philipinoh "pananakop enji magaa happons saa pilipinas";) 1942 aanee 1945 chya darmyan jhaala, jevha aashiyatil mahayuddhadarmyan samrajyavadi japanane philipineschya rashtrakulavar kabja keela.
motee bandaravaril hallyanantar daha tasanni, 8 december 1941 roji philipinesvar aakraman suru jhaale. pearl harbarpramanech, suruvatichya japani hallyat american vimananche gambhir nuksan jhaale. havai aachchadanachya abhavamule, philipinesmadhil american ashiyai tafa 12 december 1941 roji javakade maghari gela. general dugglus mccartherla aadesh denyat aala, 11 march 1942 chya ratri tyachya manasanna corgedor yethe sodoon 4,000 kiimii antaravar austreliyasathi ravana karnyat aale. batanmadhil 76,000 upasamar aanee aajari american aanee philipino bachavkartyanni 9 april 1942 roji aatmasamarpan kele aanee tyanna kukhyat buttan mrutyu morcha sahan karava lagla jyavar 7,000-10,000 lock maran pavale kinwa tyanchi hatya jhaali. korregidorvar vachalelya 13,000 lokanni 6 meey roji aatmasamarpan kele.
japanane sharanagati patkarnyaparyant, japanane teen varshanhun adhik kaal philipinesvar kabja keela. phillipineschya pratikar dalanchya atyant prabhavi chhapamar mohimene saath takke betanvar, mukhytah jungle aanee dongral bhaganvar niyantran thewale. mccartherne tyanna panbudine puravatha keela aanee sainya aanee adhikari pathavale. philipinochi loksankhya samanyatah amerikeshi eknishth rahili, anshatah amerikechya swatantryachya hamimule, aatmasamarpanantar philipinover japani lokanni kelelya gairvartanamule aanee japani lokanni mothya sankhyene philipinona kamachya tapashilanmadhye dabale hote aanee tarun philipino mahilanna veshyagruhanmadhye thewale hote.
general mccartherne 20 aktoobar 1944 roji phillipinesla paratanyache vachan palale. leyette betavar utaranyasathi 700 jahaje aanee 174,000 purushanche sainya hote. december 1944 paryant, leit aanee mindoro betanvar japani sainikanchi sutka karnyat aalee. mohimedarmyan, shahee japani sainyane betanche aatmaghati sanrakshn kele. manilasarkhi shahare shahare gelee. japani vyaparachya kalat sumare 500,000 philipino maran pavale.
parshvabhoomi.
japanane philipinesvar motee bandaravaril hallyanantar avaghya daha tasanni 8 december 1941 roji hallah keela. suruvatichya havai bombsfotannantar manilachya uttar aanee dakshin asha donhi bajunni jaminivaril sainyache utaran jhaale. defending philipine aanee united statesche sainya general dugglus mccarther yanchya netrutvakhali hote, jyanna varshachya suruvatila united stateschya sainyat sakriy kartvyavar parat bolavale gele hote aanee ashiya-paisiphik pradeshatil united states sashastr dalanche commander mhanoon niyukt karnyat aale hote. tyachya kamandache viman nasht karnyat aale; naudal dalanna nighun jaanyache aadesh denyat aale; aanee prashant pradeshatil paristhitimule, tyachya jaminivaril sainyachi majbutikaran aanee punha puravatha karane ashakya hote. adhik sankhyechya dabavakhali, bachav dall buttan dweepkalpat aanee manila upasagarachya praveshdvaravaril koregidor betavar mage hutley. tyacha naash rokhanyasathi khule shahar mhanoon ghoshit kelelya manilavar 2 janewari 1942 roji japani lokanni kabja keela.
yoochya antim sharanagatiparyant philipinescha bachav suru rahila.ess.-phillipinesche sainya 10 april 1942 roji buttan dweepkalpavar aanee 6 meey 1942 roji koregidorvar hote. quezon aanee osmena heey sainya koregidorla gele hote aanee nantar teey united statesla ravana jhaale, jithe tyanni nirvasit sarkar sthapan kele. mccartherla austreliyala jaanyache aadesh denyat aale, jithe tyane phillipinesla paratanyachi yojana aakhanyas suruvat kelee. quezonche rajkiy pratispardhi, majee adhyaksh aguinaldo yanni sahkari mhanoon japani aakramankartyanchi bajoo ghetali. tyaa badalyat, japan suruvatila phillipinesmadhil japani kathputali-rajyache adhyaksh mhanoon aguinaldo yanchi niyukti karnar hota, parantu nantar tyanna rashtriy vitaran mahamandalache pramukhpad denyat aale, jyamule tyanna japani yuddh prayatnansathi pramukh vastoonchya rationchi jababdari denyat aalee.
buttan yethe japani lokanni tabyat ghetalelya 80,000 yuddhakaidhyanpaiki bahutekanna uttarekade 105 kilometer antaravar asalelya turung chhavanikade "buttan mrutyu morcha" kadhanyas bhag padale gele. rog aanee kuposhanashi jhunj dett aanee tyanna apaharan apaharan tyanchyavar kathorpane upchar karoon hajaro purush tyanchya gantvyasthanavar pohochanyapurvich maran pavale. purvichya chaar mahinyanchya ladhait maralya gelelya purushanpeksha pahilya chaar mahinyant japani lokanshi jhalelya gairvartanukimule shibiranmadhye jaast purush maran pavale.
vyavasay.
japani lashkari philipino lagechach philipinesmadhye naveen sarkari rachana aayojit karnyas suruvat kelee. jaree japani lokanni tabyat ghetalyanantar betanna swatantrya denyache vachan dile asale, taree tyanni suruvatila rajya parishadeche aayojan kele jyadvare tyanni nagri vyavhar nirdeshit kele aktoobar 1943 paryant, jevha tyanni phillipinesla swatantra prajasattak ghoshit kele. kahee ullekhaneey apavad vagalata, bahutek philipineschya abhijat vargane japani rajvatit seva kelee. kathputali prajasattakache netrutva rashtradhyaksh jose pii. yanni kele. laurel. kathputali sarkarmadhye phillipinesche sahkarya george bii. chya kalat suru jhaale. vargas, jyala kwezonne manila sodanyapurvi grater manila shaharache mahapour mhanoon moolatah kwezonne niyukt kele hote. japanchya sanghatit kalibapi yaa rajkiy pakshala yaa aakramanachya kalat parvanagi hotee. yaa aakramanachya kalat, bahutek philipino amerikeshi eknishth rahile aanee japanchya samrajyachya sainyane aatmasamarpan kelelya mitrapakshanchya sainyanviruddha aanee nagarikanviruddha kelelya yuddh gunhyanchi nond karnyat aalee.
sampoorn philipinesmadhye, maata, mulee aanee samalingi purushancha samavesh asalelya eka hajarahun adhik philipino, kahee 10 varshe vayachya, turungat taknyat aale, jabardastine "aaramdayi mahila" mhanoon nele gele aanee kabja kartana japani lashkari lashkari laingik gulamgirit thewale gele.
 kabja kartana philipinesmadhil pratyek japani lashkari aasthapananmadhye mahilanna thevanyat aalele sthan hote, jyala teey 'aaramdayi sthanak' mhanat asat. asha eka thikani jithe yaa mahilanna qaid karnyat aale hote, teey hote bahay naa pula. japani lokanni jyaa philipinona laingik gulamgirisathi bhag padale hote tyanche loksankhyetun apaharan kele gele aanee niyamitpane tyanchyavar samoohik balatkar, chhal aanee upman keela gela. sainikanchya laingik pragativiruddha jevha jevha teey ladhale tevha tyanchyapaiki anekanche stun kapale gele kinwa tyanna hanikarak jakhama jhalya. anekanchi hatya karoon tyanchi pranyanpramane vilhewat lavali gelee. yuddhanantar anek dashakannantar, japanchya vasahatvadi laingik gulam pranalichya piditanni tyanchya dastaivajikrut gulamgirila unescochya jaagtik nondinchya smrutivar korale jaanyas suruvat kelee, tathapi, japanchya sarkarne unescola dhoka denyasathi tyachya aarthik yogdanacha vapar karoon swatachya yuddh gunhyanpasoon swatache sanrakshn karnyasathi shilalekh rokhala. yaa vyaparachya kalat, japani lokanni philipinochya arbhakanchi manoranjan aanee tanavmuktiche karya mhanoon hatya kelee asey dekhil olakhale jaat hote.
japani lokanni 'doctor' aanee 'shalyachikitsak' yannahi philipinesmadhye pathavale, jyanni sthanik philipinoche manvi prayog kele. yapaiki kahee prayoganmadhye angvichedan, vichhedan aanee jiwant manavanchya raktavahinya shivane yancha samavesh hota. shalyachikitsakanni philipinover atishay kathorpane vivisection (potache vichhedan) kele. asha prayoganpurvi, piditanna japani lokanni aadhi tyanchya swatachya kabari khodanyas bhag padale hote. kahee prakarananmadhye, vivisected philipinoche mrutdeh punha shivale gele, nantar jiwant piditanna golya ghaloon thaar maranyat aale. itar prakarananmadhye, sakriy jhalelya piditanna mothe ughade pooat thevun nantar tyanchya aatdyansah tyanchya kabarimadhye fekoon dile gele aanee tyanna marnyasathi sodoon denyat aale. tyanche manvi prayog karnare anek doctor aanee shalyachikitsak yuddhanantar anek dashakannantar kahee mahitee samore yeiparyant tyanchya krutimbaddal gup rahile. asha paristhitit, tyanchya swatachya krutyancha pardafash mukt doctoranchya 'yuddhakalin mitranni' japani yuddh gunhyanche rakshan karnyasathi aitihasik katha lokansamor yenyapasoon rokhanyacha prayatna keela. tathapi, bahutansh doctor tyanchya gunhyambaddal kadhihi bolale naheet aanee tyanchya aaramdayi nivruttiparyant japanmadhye kayam rahile. kahee japani atirashtriyavadyanni yuddhadarmyan tyanni kelele gunhe sanganyachya ichchhene doctoranna tras deela aahe. yuddhanantar, general dugglus mccartherne yuddh gunhe nyayadhikaranakadun japanchya manvi prayogambaddalchi tathye lapavali. tyachya krutimule jyanni manvi prayog kele tyanna kshama midali. mccartherchya krutichi devanghevan mhanoon, jyane japani yuddh gunhegaranna kayadeshir chhalapasun sanrakshn dile, united statesla nantar japankadun manvi prayoganchi mahitee midali.
pratikar.
philipinesvaril japani tabyat sakriy aanee yashasvi bhoomigat aanee chhapamar kriyakalapancha virodh hota, jeey varshanuvarshe vadhale aanee akheris deshachya mothya bhagavar pasarale. yaa chhapyanna virodh karnyasathi japani-nirmit faujafata (nantar (nantar sarvjanikechya' kalat junya faujafatache naav ghetale), kempeitai aanee makapili heey hote. yuddhanantarchya tapasanit asey disun aale qee sumare 260,000 lock chhapamar sanghatananmadhye hote aanee bhoomigat japani-virodhi sadasyanchi sankhya aanakhi jaast hotee. tyanchi parinamkarakta itaki hotee qee yuddhachya akheris japanane aththavispaiki keval baaraa prantanvar niyantran midavale.
tyanchyaviruddha japani mohima suru asoonahi, philipineschya chhapamar chalvalicha vistar suruch rahila. sampoorn luzon aanee dakshinekadil betanvar philipino vividh gatanmadhye sameel jhaale aanee tyanni japani lokanshi ladhanyachi shapath ghetali. yaa gatanchya senapatinni ekmekanshi sampark sadhala, konatya pradeshacha prabhari kona aahe yabaddal vaad ghatala aanee betanvar american sainyachya parat yenyas madat karnyasathi yojana tayar karnyas suruvat kelee. tyanni mahattvachi guptachar mahitee gola kelee aanee tee yuu. ess. kadey taskari karoon aanali.ess. lashkar, hii eka prakriya aahe, jyasathi kadhikadhi mahine lagatat. general mccartherne chhapyanna pathimba denyasathi gupt operation kele. tyachyakade leftnunt commander charles "chick" parson hote jeey banduka, redio aanee panbudidware tyanna puravatha karatat. tyaa badalyat, chhapamar sainyane tyanchi shastre aanee sphotake jamaa kelee aanee japani dalanvalan marg uddhvast karoon aanee japani sainyavar magoon hallah karoon mccartherchya aakramanala madat karanyachi yojana aakhali.
yoochya gatanpasoon vividh chhapamar sainyachi sampoorn dweepsamuhat sthapana jhaali.ess. sthanik sainyakade sharan yenyas nakar nakar sudur purvekadil (youseff) sainyatil sashastr dalanni suruvatila aakramanamule jhalelya avyavasthemule jhalelya darodekhorancha samna karnyasathi sanghatit kele. visaya pradeshatil anek betanvar philipino philipino netrutvakhali chhapamar sainya hote, jase qee panaymadhil curnell macario peralta, boholmadhil mejar ismayel inganiero aanee nigrosmadhil capton salvador absede.
japani vyaparachya kendrapasoon sarvat door asalelya mindanao betavar 38,000 chhapamar hote, jeey akheris american sivil engineer curnell wendell fertig yanchya netrutvakhali ektrit karnyat aale. fertigchya chhapamaranmadhye anek american aanee philipino sainikancha samavesh hota, jeey mejar general william eff. yanchya netrutvakhalil mindanaovaril sainyacha bhag hote. tikshna. jevha veneritene sharpchya sainyala sharan yenyache aadesh dile hote, tevha yaa aadeshache palan karnyas kathorpane bhag padale gele. anek american aanee philipino philipino aatmasamarpan karnyas nakar deela, kaaran tyanni assa tark keela qee venerite, jyala aata dabavakhali manale jaau shakate, tyala tikshna aadesh jaaree karnyacha adhikar nahee. jaree bahudha sumare 100 teey 200 americananna fertickche gurilla midale asale, taree anek karananmule kitee lokanni aatmasamarpan kele nahee heey adnyat hote. naveen philipino bharati kelelya lokanchi nave aatmasamarpan karnyachya purushanchya yaditoon hetupurassar vagalanyat aalee hotee. itar prakarananmadhye, pratyakshat tikshna asalelya purushanpeksha qamee purushanchi nond karnyasathi kagadpatre banavat banavali gelee hotee. itar sainik paloon gelyanantar vividh karananmule maran pavale aanee itaranni mindanao purnapane sodale.
madhya luzon bhagatil eka pratikar gut hookballahap (hookbo enji bayan laban saa hapon) kinwa lokanche japani-virodhi sainya mhanoon olakhale jaat hote, jeey 1942 chya suruvatila 1939 pasoon communist pakshache sadasya louis taruk yanchya netrutvakhali aayojit kele gele hote. hukanni sumare 30,000 lokanna sashastr kele aanee luzonchya kahee bhaganvar tyanche niyantran vadhavale. tathapi, mothya pramanat japani upasthiti aanee amerikechya netrutvakhalil chhapamar tukadyanvar hallah mukt hookballahap sainyasah vividh gatanmadhil antargat sangharshamule luzonvaril chhapamar karvayanmadhye adthala aala.
upkaranancha abhav, katheen bhoobhag aanee avikasit payabhoot suvidhanmule yaa gatancha samanvay jawaljawal ashakya jhaala aanee 1942 madhye anek mahine, philipinechya pratikar shaktinshi serve sampark tutala. november 1942 madhye curnell macario peralta yanchya netrutvakhali paney betavaril sudharit philipine 61 vaa vibhag austreliyatil youseff kamandashi redio sampark sthapit karoo shakala tevha dalanvalan punarsanchayit jhaale. yamule phillipinesmadhil japani sainyababatchi gupt mahitee swapa kamandkade pathvane, tasech ekekali turalak gurilla kriyakalapanna balkati dene aanee yuddhat madat karnyasathi gurillyanna parvanagi dene shakya jhaale.
gurillachya prayatnanna madat karnyasathi panbudidware puravatha aanee redioche vadhate praman vitarit kele gele. leit aakramanachya veleparyant, chaar panbudya keval purvathyasathi samarpit karnyat aalya hotya.
itar chhapamar tukadya swapashi jodalelya hotya aanee sampoorn dweepsamuhat sakriy hotya. yapaiki kahee tukadya sanghatit kelya gelya hotya kinwa aatmasamarpanapurvichya tukadyanshi thet jodalya gelya hotya, jyanna chhapamar karvai karnyacha aadesh denyat aala hota. yache eka udaharan mhanje 26 vya ghodadalache sainyadal see. itar chhapamar tukadya majee philipine sainya aanee philipine skaut sainikanni banalelya hotya jyanna japani lokanni poe campmadhun sodaln hotan. itar american, lashkari aanee nagri, jyanni kadhihi aatmasamarpan kele navhate kinwa aatmasamarpan kelyanantar paloon gele hote, aanee philipino, khrishchan aanee moros, jyanni suruvatila tyanche swatache lahan unit tayar kele hote, tyanche sanyukt unit hote. curnell wendell fertigne mindanaovar assa eka gut sanghatit keela jyane keval japani lokanna prabhavipane virodh keela nahee tarr eka sampoorn sarkar sthapan kele jeey anekada sampoorn betavar khulya thikani karyarat hote. kahee chhapamar tukadyanna nantar american panbudyanni madat kelee, jyanni puravatha keela, nirvasit aanee jakhaminna baher kadhale, tasech 5217 vya tolhee batalian aanee alamo skautsarkhya vyakti aanee sampoorn tukadya samavisht kelya.
yuddhachya akheris, sumare 260,715 vyaktinni banalele sumare 277 swatantra chhapamar gut pratikar chalvalit ladhale. pratikaratil nivadak tukadyanchi punarrachana kelee jaeel aanee phillipinesche sainya aanee shipayanchya tukadya mhanoon susajj kele jaeel.
vyavasayacha ant.
1944 chya uttaradhat general mccarther aaplya sainyasah phillipinesla paratala tevha tyala mahiticha changla puravatha jhaala hota; asey mhatale jaate qee mccarther parat yeiparyant, pratyek japani leftnuntne nashtyasathi kaay khalle aanee tyane tyache cases kuthe kapale heey tyala mahit hote. pann parat yene sope navhate. japani shahee general staffney philipinesla tyanchi antim sanrakshn rekha banavanyacha aanee amerikechi japankade honari pragati thambavanyacha nirnay ghetala. tyanni pratyek upalabdh sainik, viman aanee naudalachi jahaje phillipineschya sanrakshanasathi pathavali. kamikaze sainyadal visheshtah philipineschya japani vyaparache rakshan karnyasathi tayar karnyat aale hote. leit galfchi ladhai japansathi aapattimadhye sampali aanee tee aashiyatil mahayuddhatil sarvat mothee naudal ladhai hotee. phillipinesla mukt karanyachi moheem hii prashant yuddhatil sarvat raktaranjit moheem hotee. chhapyanni gola kelelya gupt mahitimule eka aapatti talali-tyanni mccartherchya sainyala adakavanyachya japani general yamashitanchya yojana ughad kelya aanee tyanni mukt mukt sainikanna japani killyanparyant nele.
mccartherche sahyogi sainya 20 aktoobar 1944 roji leit betavar osmenasobat utarale, jeey 1 august 1944 roji kwezonchya mrutyunantar rashtrakul adhyakshapadavar aale hote. tyanantar mindoro betavar aanee luzonchya paschim bajula asalelya lingayen aakhatajaval utaranyachi suruvat jhaali aanee manilachya dishene dhaav suru jhaali. phillipinesche rashtrakul punarsanchayit karnyat aale. visheshtah uttar luzonchya parvatanmadhye, jethe japani sainya mage hutley hote, aanee manilamadhye, jithe tyanni shevatcha pratikar keela hota, tethe ladhai tivra hotee. phillipine rashtrakul sainya aanee manyataprapt chhapamar ladhau tukadya antim aakramanasathi sarvatra ubhe rahile. philipino chhapyannihi muktichya kalat mothee bhoomika bajavali. eka chhapamar tukadi niyamitpane sthapan jhalelya american vibhagala badalanyasathi aalee aanee batalian aanee regimentchya aakarachya itar chhapamar dalanni amerikechya prayatnanna purak bhoomika bajavali.ess. lashkari tukadya. shivay, sahkari philipino loksankhyene puravatha, bandhkam aanee nagri prashasanachya samasya qamee kelya aanee desh punha tabyat ghenyasathi sahyogi dalanche kaam dekhil sope kele.
2 september 1945 roji japanane aupcharik aatmasamarpan kareparyant ladhai suru rahili. yuddh sampanyapurvi phillipinesla mothya pramanat jivitahani aanee prachand sharirik vidhvans sahan karava lagla hota. andaje 527,000 philipino, lashkari aanee nagrik, serve karananmule marle gele hote; yapaiki 131,000 teey 164,000 darmyanchya yuddh gunhegarichya bavis ghatananmadhye marle gele hote. yuddhanantar anek varshanni prasiddha jhalelya amerikechya vishleshananusar, yuu.ess. mrutanchi sankhya 10,380 hotee aanee 36,550 jakhami; japani mrutanchi sankhya 255,795 hotee. dusarikade, vyavasayadarmyan philipino mrutyu sumare 527,000 (27,000 lashkari mrut, 141,000 hatyakand, 22,500 jabardastine majur mrutyu aanee yuddh sambandhit dushkalamule 336,500 mrutyu) asalyacha andaj aahe. rogancha prasar aanee moolbhut garajanchya abhavamule pudhil paach varshe phillipineschi loksankhya satatyane qamee hott gelee, yuddhapurvi philipaino jivanshailipasun door, jevha desh japannantar aashiyatil aashiyatil kramankacha shrimant desh hota.

