franz ault (ganitshastradnya)

franz leopold ault (30 november 1910-21 julai 2011) heey austriyamadhye janmalele american ganitshastradnya hote, jyanni suruvatichya kalat sanganak vidnyanat mothe yogdan dile. sanganakeey yantrasamagri sanghatanechya sansthapakanpaiki eka mhanoon teey prasiddha hote aanee tyanni 1950 teey 1952 paryant tyache adhyaksh mhanoon kaam kele.
vienna.
altcha janm vienna, austriya yethe 30 november 1910 roji eka dharmnirpeksh jyoo kutumbat jhaala. tyanni 1932 madhye vienna vidyapithatun ganitat ph. dii. prapt kelee, jyacha prabandh 'metrische definition dair krumung enner kurve' ('vakratechi metrical definition') assa hota. tyache pramukh shikshak huns hahan aanee carl menger hote. mengarchya 'mathematischs colloquium' madhye niyamit sahbhaginpaiki too eka hota aanee tyat yogdan denara hota."[nantarche shabd, carl menger, ergabnis ines mathematician colloquium, springer-verlag/vien, 1998] ault heey seet-theoretic topology aanee bhoomitichya tarkik payachya sanshodhanat guntalele aahet.
yavyatirikt, pudhil kahee varshant tyanna arthshastrat rus vatoo lagla, jyala auskar morgenstern yanni uttejan dile, jeey nantar vienna vidyapithat arthshastrache pradhyapak hote, nantar prinston vidyapithat. 1936 madhye, aultney aarthik sankalpanansathi eka svayamsiddha paya vikasit keela, jyache varnan 'yuber dye mesbarkit days nutzens' madhye kele aahe, jeey tyane oslomadhil ganitshastradnyanchya aantarrashtriy parishadet sadar kele (germanmadhye 'zeitscrift phara nationalonomy' madhye prakashit, vii/2,1936;). yaa lekhacha ingraji anuvad pradhanye, upayuktata aanee maganimadhye 'upayuktatechya mojmapakshamtevar': eka minnesota parisanvad (harcourt brace jovanovich, 1971) mhanoon prakashit karnyat aala hota.
newyork.
1938 madhye nazi germanyne tabyat ghetalelya velee aultney austriya sodale aanee too tyachi patni ellis modern hichyabarobar newyork shaharat aala, jichyashi tyane vienna sodanyapurvich lagn kele hote. pudhil kahee varshant austriya kinwa germanytil nazi dahashatvadamule dhokyat aalele natevaik aanee mitranna vachavane heey tyanche sarvoch pradhanya hote. yamadhye immigration vhisasathi prayojak mhanoon kaam karnyas ichchuk asalelya american lokanna shodhane samavisht hote aanee teey sumare 30 praudh aanee mulanna paloon jaanyas madat karnyat yashasvi jhaale.
1938 teey 1946 darmyan aultney newyork shaharatil economic institutemadhye sahaa varshe kaam kele, jyat amerikechya sainyatil done varshanchya sevemule vyatyay aala. arthshastra sansthet tyanni vyavasay andajasathi vaparlya jaanarya bahuvidh parasparsambandhasarkhya paddhatindware aarthik vel malikechya vishleshanat guntalele sanshodhan pracharya aanee sanshodhan sahayyak sanchalak mhanoon salag kaam kele. sampoorn arthvyavasthet aanee anek udyog, vastoo aanee suraksha bajarpethanmadhye vyavsayik paristhiticha abhyas aanee andaj lavnyasathi ganiteey aanee sankhyikeey paddhatinchya vaparashi tyancha sambandh hota. general motors corporation haah aultney sallah dilelya grahakanpaiki eka hota.
lashkar-abardinparyantcha lashkar-abardinparyantcha parvat vibhag.
jevha americene tyane mahayuddhat pravesh keela, tevha tyane lashkari sevesathi swechhene kaam kele, parantu suruvatila pargrahvasi mhanoon tyala nakarnyat aale; 1943 madhye tyacha sainyat samavesh karnyat aala. (nagrikatva 1944 madhye denyat aale.) tyanantar tyane skiing, rock climbing aanee parvat ladhatiche prashikshan ghetalelya abhijat 10 vya parvat vibhagat kaam kele. aathvadyachya shevati, altala ektyane kinwa mitrabarobar cross-country skii karnyasathi kinwa camp heljavalachya shikharanvar chadhayala baher jayala aavadat asey; yapaiki teen chadhaninvaril tyachya maidani nondi applechian parvat club, unhala/sharad rututil 2014 chya niyatkalikat "epalechiy" madhye prakashit jhalya hotya. yuddhachya shevati tyane tyane leftnunt mhanoon mhanoon prashikshanatun padvi prapt kelee.
lashkari sevet asatana, 1945 madhye tyanna electronic gananesathichya niyojanacha prabhari mhanoon lashkarachya eberdeen proofing groundver niyukt karnyat aale hote. lashkaratoon sutalyanantar teey eka varshasathi arthshastra sansthet paratale. eka nagri mhanoon too 1946-48 madhye abardin yethe paratala aanee sanganakeey prayogshalecha up pramukh hota, jee eka samanya-uddesh ganiteey seva sanstha hotee jee mothya digital aanee analogue sanganakeey yantre, punch card pratishthapan aanee deta qamee karanyachi suvidha chalvat hotee.
national beuro auph standards, washington, dii. see.
tyanantar upayojit ganeet vibhagache (1952-67) sanganakeey prayogshaleche (1948-52) up pramukh mhanoon tyanni sampoorn rashtriy manak vibhagat aanee kendra sarkarmadhil itaratra sanganakancha lavkar vapar karnyache nirdesh dile, tasech sankhyatmak vishleshan, sankhyikeey abhiyantriki aanee upayojit ganitachya itar kahee shakhanmadhil sanshodhanache nirdesh dile. 1959 teey 1961 paryant teey aine. bii. ess. journal auph recerche eka sampadak hote.
bharat, pakistan aanee israyalmadhye bhautikshastra aanee rasayanshastratil sanshodhan anudan pradan karnyasathi tyanni anek varshe manak beuro karyakramache prashasak mhanoonahi kaam kele, jithe asha karanansathi upalabdh asalele parkeey chalan (pii. ell. 480) beurola vatap karnyat aale hote.
yaa kalatahi, bhashanchya svayanchalit anuvadasathi sanganakacha vapar karnyat tyanna rus vatoo lagla. yamule sanganakeey bhashashastra sanghatanechi sthapana jhaali aanee japanmadhil ashach eka gatashi sanyuktapane done aantarrashtriy baithka aayojit kelya gelya, eka washington, dii.see., dusare tokiyomadhye.
aii. see. emm.-sanganakeey yantrasamagrisathichi sanghatana.
aii. see. emm. mhanoon olakhalya olakhalya sanganakeey yantrasamagrichya sanghataneshi altcha dirgh itihas aahe. teey tyache sansthapak hote aanee tyache tisare adhyaksh (1950-52) mhanoon kaam kele. teey tyachya niyatkalikache (1954-58) sampadak hote. ault haah tyachya vishisht seva puraskaracha (1970) pahila praptakarta hota. 1994 madhye, aii. see. emm. chey sadasya mhanoon samavisht samavisht pahilya gatat teey hote. 1961 teey 1964 paryant aultney rashtriy sanshodhan parishadet aii. see. emm. chey pratinidhitva kele. teey american mathematical societyche sadasya dekhil aahet aanee purvi american statistical association, institute auph mathematical statistics, economicmetric society aanee association phaur computational linguistics sadasya hote.
aii. see. emm. chya itihasabaddal aultney anek vela lihile aanee mulakhat ghetali aahe. tyanni lihile qee, "pandhra varshe aii. see. emm.: aii. see. emm. chee vikas varshe, jyache varnan sansthapak sadasya aanee majee adhyaksh franz ell. yanni 1962 madhye kele hote. ault, heey sanganakeey dnyan aanee kaushalye samayik karnyasathi vachanbaddha asalelya sanstheche kheladu aanee pragati darshavate "(aii. see. emm. chey sampreshan, juuna 1962, vol.5 #6; aktoobar 1987, khand punarmudran. 30 #10).
1969 madhye yuu. tii. aii. see. neey altchi mulakhat ghetali. american itihasachya smithsonian rashtriy sangrahalayatil sanganak maukhik itihas sangrahasathi merzback. niils bohr archives, american institute auph physics, 24 februwari yethe maukhik itihasachi pratilekh. aanee 13 march 1969.
aii. see. emm. neey 1970 madhye franz altala tyacha pahila pratishthit seva puraskar pradan keela.
aii. see. emm. chya sthapanechya sthapanechya vardhapan dinanimitt, aultney 'archaeology auph computerh memories, 1945-47' (communication auph daad aii. see. emm., julai 1972, khand. 15 #7) khalilpramaneh
johnn wonn neuman yanna mukhya vakta mhanoon [aii. see. emm. chya pahilya rashtriy baithakisathi] midvanyat aamhi yashasvi tharalo hoto. electronic sangananachi garaj aanee tyacha sambhavya parinam yavar tyanni charcha kelee. tyanni 'naveen programming paddhati' chaa ullekh keela aanee spasht kele qee tyacha shabdasangrah pratyakshat puresa aahe asey disate; bhavishyatil sanganak, tevha rachana tappyat, eka dazanbhar soochana prakaranvar yeteel aanee heey serve ganeet vyakt karnyasathi purese asalyache dnyat hote... wonn neuman pudhe mhanale qee yaa chhotya sankhyevar aashcharyachakit honyachi garaj nahee, kaaran vastavik jivanatil bahutek paristhitinsathi sumare 1,000 shabd purese asalyache dnyat hote aanee ganeet haah jivanacha keval eka chhotasa bhag hota aanee too eka atishay sopa bhag hota. yamule prekshakanmadhye kahishi utsukata nirman jhaali, jyamule wonn newmanne asey mhananyas uttejan dileh "jarr lokanna ganeet sope aahe asey vatat nasel, tarr teey keval tyanna jeevan kitee klisht aahe heey samjat nahee mhanoon aahe." 
1995 madhye genette bentonne altchi mulakhat ghetali ("franz altala sangananachi suruvatichi varshe aanee aii. see. emm. chee nirmiti aathavate", aii. see. emm., febchya sampreshanache aii. see. emm. membernet purak mhanoon uddhrut kele aahe. 1996, khand. 39 #2).
jacomchya jacomchya vardhapan dinanimitt, tyanni 'journal auph daad aii. see. emm.-daad beginnings' (journal auph daad aii. see. emm., zaan) madhye yogdan dile. 2003, khand. 50 #1).
aii. see. emm. neey majee adhyakshanchi mulakhat ghetali, jyat 2006 madhye etsushi akera yanni altla dilelya mulakhaticha samavesh hota; altdware aanee tyavishayichya itar anek aii. see. emm. samgrimadhye pravesh karnyasathi, aii. see. emm. kadey jaa.org aanee "franz ell" shodha. ault "
american institute auph physics, newyork.
1967 madhye, vhietanammadhil yuddhamule vyathit houn, tyanni newyorkmadheel american institute auph physixchya mahitee vibhagachya upasanchalakpadasathi united states sarkar sodale. tithe tyanni bhautikshastra niyatkalik sahityatil kagadpatranvar sanganakikrut mahitee pranali sthapan karnyat mahattvachi bhoomika bajavali, jyat padanukramit vargikaran, vishay anukramanika aanee sandarbh nirdeshank yancha samavesh hota.
nivrutti.
1973 madhye nivrutt jhalyanantar, tyanni shantata aanee nyay sanghatanansathi swayamsevi karya kele, aagney aashiyatil shantatesathi aanee anoo-virodhi karyavar bharr deela, visheshtah vhietanambaddal chintit padri aanee samanya lokansathi (1976-91) [sheela collins, "serve hangamansathi eka manusah franz altala shraddhanjali", calc ahwal, aktoobar 1988]. sampoorn kalat tyane hiking, climbing aanee skiing, tasech chamber musicmadhye violine aanee viol vajavane yaa tyachya aayushyabharachya chhandancha pathpurava karane suru thewale. janette hejne tichya 'retire inn newyork ciity-jaree tumhi shrimant nasal' yaa pustakasathi tyachi mulakhat ghetali (shikagoh bonus books, 2002). november 2010 madhye too 100 varshancha jhaala.
olakh.
hitlerpasoon paloon gelelya german aanee austriyan ganitshastradnyanchya itihasasathi reinhard sigmund-schultz yanni altchi mulakhat ghetali. ganiteey naav 'auph dair fluct vore hitlerh quellen und studian jur immigration enner vicenshaft' (duesh mathematicker-verinigang, 1998). nazi germanytun paloon jaanare ganitshastradnya mhanoon vistarle aanee ingerjit anuvadit keleh vaiyaktik bhavitavya aanee jaagtik prabhav (prinston university press, 2009).
1998 madhye, aultney berlinmadhil ganitshastradnyanchya aantarrashtriy parishadela duesh mathematicker-verinigang (german mathematical society) chya atithi mhanoon tyachya pradarshanachya sandarbhat 'dahashatvad aanee nirvasanah chhal aanee berlinmadhun ganitshastradnyanchi hakalpatti 1933-1945 darmyan' yaa sandarbhat hajeri lavali."
dye osterrichische mathematische geselshaft (austriyan ganiteey samaj) yanni tyanna 'vienna 1938' aanee ganitshastradnyanchya palayan pradarshanachya sanyogane german aanee austriyan ganiteey sansthanchya vienna yethe 2001 chya sanyukt baithakila upasthit rahanyache aamantran dile."pradarshanachya udghatanprasangi tyanni tyanchya aathvanimbaddal bhashya kele 
meey 2007 madhye, kulpati alfried gussenbauer yanni altala 'ehrenkreuz fuer vicenshaft und kunst I' pradan kele. klase, "austriyatil vidnyan aanee kalesathi sarvoch farak. vidyapithatil eka parisanvadat dow. vienna vidyapithache ganitache pradhyapak carl sigmund yanni yuddhandarmyan viennamadhil ganitachya itihasat altchya sthanabaddal sangitale. dow. tevha vienna tantradnyan vidyapithache walter shackermayer yanni 1936 madhye oslo yethe jhalelya ganitshastradnyanchya aantarrashtriy congressmadhye sadar kelelya altchya 'upayuktatechya mojmapasandarbhat' aanee johnn wonn neuman, auskar morgenstern aanee keneth ero yanchya karyashi tyacha sambandh aanee susangat jokhim upayanchya kalpanetil alikadil ghadamodimbaddal bhashya kele.
meey 2007 madhye too viennamadhye asatana, ault tyachya junya vyayamshalechya, stubbonbastichya vidyarthyanshi bolala. shalene tyachya sanmanarth franz ault precechi sthapana kelee. haah puraskar vidnyan aanee ganeet aanee manavadhikar aanee nyay yaa done shreninmadhye, padvidhar vidyarthyanni lihilelya shodhanibandhansathi deela jaato aanee 2008 pasoon darvarshi deela jaat aahe.
8 meey 2007 roji altala vidnyan aanee kalesathi austriyan cross auph aunar, aunar varg midala.
paul brantley yanni franz altala samarpit done string quartet lihile aahet, "esterhazi, books 1 aanee 2". pustak 1 chey fluxes quartetdware 27 april 2014 roji newyork shaharat pratham pradarshan karnyat aale hote aanee pustak 2 chey naveen esterhazi quartetdware 31 janewari 2014 roji californiatil palo aulto yethe pratham pradarshan karnyat aale hote.

