see. pii. aar.

grameen englandchya sanrakshanasathi parishad' aanee 'grameen englandchya sanrakshanasathi parishad' asha navanni olakhali jaanari 'see. pii. aar. eae.' hii grameen dharmaday sanstha, englandmadhil 40,000 hoon adhik sadasya aanee samarthak asaleli dharmaday sanstha aahe. shahari vistar aanee fiticha vikas maryadit karnyasathi 1926 madhye patrick abercromby yanni sthapan kelela see. pii. aar. eae. haah brittenmadhil sarvat pradirgh kaal kaal paryavaraniy gatanpaiki eka asalyacha dawa karato. ingraji grameen bhagasathi 'shashvat bhavishyasathi' see. pii. aar. eae. mohima. teey mhanatat qee hii "rashtrasathi eka mahattvachi parantu qamee moolya asaleli paryavaraniy, aarthik aanee samajik malmatta aahe."dhoke thalak karane aanee sakaratmak upayanna protsahan dene" heey tyanche uddisht aahe."teey tyanchya swatachya sanshodhanacha vapar karoon janateche aanee sarkarchya serve staranche samarthan karnyasathi moheem chalavatat.
itihas.
1926 madhye surr patrick abercromby yanni 'daad preservation auph rural ingland' prakashit kelyanantar see. pii. aar. eae. chee sthapana karnyat aalee. abercromby tyache manad sachiv jhaale. udghatan sabha december 1926 madhye royal institute auph british architectschya london karyalayanmadhye jhaali aanee bhavee pantpradhan neville chamberlain yanni teela sambodhit kele. rashtriy vishvast mandal, mahila sanstha aanee samanya sanrakshn sanstha yasah vividh gut tyachya sthapanet sahbhagi jhaale hote. molley travelian yaa vaay pratinidhi hotya aanee tyanni sansthapak samitivar kaam kele.
suruvatichi varshe
preechya suruvatichya varshant, tyanni grameen niyojanasathi, visheshtah sunder bhagat rashtriy udyananchi nirmiti karnyasathi aanee shaharanmadhye shaharanmadhye lokanchya manoranjanasathi, shahare aanee shaharanchya aaspaschya shetee pattyanchya kshetranchya aarakshanasathi moheem rabavali jenekarun taje utpadan shahari bajarpethechya jawal raheel aanee shahari vistar aanee aniyantrit fiti vikasachya virodhat. englandchya sarvat sunder grameen bhaganche sanrakshn karnyasathi aanee shaharanche swaroop jatan karnyasathi aanee shaharvasiyanna grameen bhagat sahaj pravesh denyasathi harit pattyanchi sthapana karnyasathi dekhil tyanni vaad ghalanyas suruvat kelee.
yuddhakalat, sarkari mantralayanni grameen bhagatil jaminicha havai kshetransathi, prashikshan shibiransathi aanee yuddh udhyogansathi atiprastavit vapar karnyababat sallamasalat karane aavashyak hote, asey eka bhagdharak mhanoon see. pii. aar. eae. chee olakh patali.
1941-1960
see. pii. aar. eae. mohimemule shahar aanee desh niyojan kayada 1947 aanee rashtriy udyane aanee grameen bhagat pravesh kayada 1949 tayar honyas madat jhaali. grameen gharansathi anudan aanee chaukashichya niyojanasathi puresha prasiddhisathi see. pii. aar. eae. mohima dekhil chalavalya gelya. yaa kalat 'sarvottam thevalele gaav' aanee 'brittenla vyavasthit thewa' heey upkramahi pahile gele.
1957 madhye jevha englandcha pahila motarve emm. 1 prastavit karnyat aala, tevha preney leicessiremadhil charnwood jangalatil madhyabhag talhanyasathi (rasta kapoon taknyat aala) tyasathi yashasviritya moheem rabavali.
1961-1980
see. pii. aar. eae. neey avinashi plastic, hejaroche nuksan, urja payabhoot suvidha aanee brittonchya kinarpattichya samasyanvar kaam kele. 1963 madhye jevha jevha bandhanyat aale tevha berkshirechya utaranchya sanrakshanasathi preney yashasviritya ladha deela. rastyalagatchya jahiratinchya hoardingswar kadak niyantran thevanyacha prayatnahi tyanni suru keela.
1981-1990
yaa yugat utkrusht naisargik saundaryachi sanrakshit kshetre nirman jhaali, jyasathi itarambarobarach purvgrahane moheem rabavali hotee. shashvat urja nirmitisathichya mohimankade aanee bandhkamasathi brownfield jaminichya vaparakadehi laksh denyat aale. 1985 madhye eae. see. chya krishi sanrachanechya nirdeshat sudharana karnyachya mohimemadhye, see. pii. aar. eae. neey anek nukasankarak krishi upkramansathi nidhi dene thambavale aanee shetisathiche pahile "harit" paise surakshit kele. 1988 madhye, uchchbhumivaril aachchhadalelya shankuchya malyanchya lagvadila anukool asalele curr protsahan radd karnyasathi sarkari tijorit kulpatinna patvoon denyas madat jhaali.
1990 pasoon
1990 madhye sarkarchya pahilya paryavaran shvetpatrikene hejro sanrakshanasathiche prakaran sweekarle, see. pii. aar. eae. chee moheem pahilyanda suru jhalyanantar 20 varshanni aanee 1997 madhye hejarochya sanrakshanasathiche kayade shevati lagoo jhaale.
1995 madhye see. pii. aar. eae. neey 'shantata' nakashe prakashit kele jeey grameen bhagatil qamee hott chalalele bhag manavnirmit aavaj, drushya ghuskhori kinwa prakash pradushanane vichalit jhalele naheet heey darshavtat. 2006 madhye eka agraganya naveen paddhat vaparoon heey adyayavat karnyat aale. 2003 madhye see. pii. aar. eae. neey dekhil keval prakash pradushanavar laksh kendrit karnare asech nakashe prakashit kele.
1996 madhye, ingraji sangitkar johnn rutter yanni see. pii. aar. eae. chya 70 vya vardhapan dinanimitt 'jagakade pahaa' yaa shirshakachya rashtragitasathi shabd aanee sangeet lihile.
april 2006 madhye, see. pii. aar. eae. peak jilha aanee dakshin yorkshirene done bhinn olakhinkhali kaam karoon tyachya vishal pradeshat aapali olakh spasht karnyacha prayatna keela. shikhar jilha rashtriy udyanashi asalelya tyachya pradirgh sambandhamule, hii sanstha shikhar jilha rashtriy udyanatil shikhar jilhyache mitra mhanoon, uchch shikhar boro aanee ishanya derchya sahaa parrish (eckington, unstone, homesfield, kilamarsh, dronfield, barlo) mhanoon kaam karate.
2007 madhye see. pii. aar. eae. neey ghuskhorichya nakashanchi eka malika prakashit kelee jee vikasit hott aahe jyat pramukh payabhoot suvidhanmadhun aavaj aanee drushya ghuskhorichya upasthitimule ashant asaleli kshetre adhorekhit kelee gelee aahet. parinami tayar jhalele nakashe 1960 chya dashakachya suruvatila, 1990 chya dashakachya suruvatila aanee 2007 chya suruvatila ghuskhorichi vyapti darshavtat. tyanchi punarutpadan karata yet nahee.
mohima.
2013 madhye kahee rashtriy udyananmadhye veej pareshan taar bhoomigat thevanyacha karar jhaala hota, jyachya sathee ajunahi prachar suru aahe.
pey-container pey-container see. pii. aar. eae. chya 10 varshanchya mohimenantar 2018 madhye sarkarne jaheer kele qee teey punarvaparache darr vadhavanyasathi thev paratava yojana suru karnyacha vichar karat aahet. see. pii. aar. eae. laa aasha aahe qee yaa yojnet plastic, kaach kinwa dhatoo, serve ekal-vapar pey-container samavisht asateel.
mukhya see. pii. aar. eae. sanketsthalanusar, 2022 madheel mohima aata vyapak mathalyankhali, gadad aakash, hejro, kuthe kaay bandhale jaate aanee hawaman aanibani yaa antargat gatbaddh kelya aahet.
2013 madhye, andharachya aakashakhali aakashakhali ganana suru karnyat aalee. sampoorn brittenmadhye prakash pradushanacha nakasha tayar karnyasathi aanee jagrukta vadhavanyasathi taare mojanyat janatecha sahbhag gheuun prakash pradushan thambavanyasathi hii moheem aahe. prakash pradushanacha parinam qamee karane, carbon budget qamee karane aanee rastyavaril dive samayojit karnyasathi parishadanna dabav ghaloon paise vachavane hii sambandhit kalpana aahe.
jyachya dishene pudhe jaat aahe, tyaa antargat see. pii. aar. eae. madhye sthanik, pradeshik aanee rashtriy staravaril vikas yojananvar prabhav taknyacha samavesh aahe. grameen bhagatil anavashyak rastyanchi chinhe aanee jahirat falakanchya swarupat 'gondhal' qamee karnyavar aanee shant grameen rastyanche sanrakshn karnyache marg shodhanyavarhi laksh kendrit kele jaat aahe. sthanik aanee pradeshik niyojakanni vaparnyasathi grameen bhagatil shantatecha nakasha tayar karnyasathi sadhane vikasit kelee jaat aahet. samaik krishi dhoranat sudharana karnyasathi aanee grameen bhagachya charitryache rakshan karnyasathi tyanni kelelya kamasathi kamasathi manyata midavi yasathi prayatna kele jaatat. shakya titkya naveen vikasachi kaame brounfieldver (greenfieldaivaji) kelee jaatil yachee khatri karnyasathi niyojakanna madat kelee jaate. visheshtah see. pii. aar. eae. green beltchya sanrakshanasathi ladhat aahe. sthanik krutee aanee karyakramandware aanee sarkarvar lobbing karoon sampoorn englandmadhil grameen bhagatil kachara qamee karnyavar bharr deela jaat aahe.
hawaman aapatkalin shirshakakhali, 'prushthbhag' kinwa opencast khankamaviruddhachya mohimanna pathimba deela jaato. shaharabaheril serve niyojit interchange (parkway) sthanke kadhoon taknyasathi tasech sambhavya auxford-cambridge drutagati margala aavhan denyasathi etch. ess. 2 railway yojnanmadhye badal karnyache aavhan see. pii. aar. eae. neey sarkarla dile aahe. sthanik annapadarth vyavasayanna samarthan denyasathi kendra aanee sthanik sarkarne swikarlelya anek vyavharik upayayojanansathi soochana denyat aalya aahet, jenekarun teey vajvi aanee aanee kimmati deu shaktil. prathamik kamat paach varshanchya sanshodhanacha samavesh hota-'sthanik khadyapadarthanchya jaalyanche mapping' (2007-2012). mohima shetichya nidhila pathimba detat jyamule lahan shetanche nuksan aanee teey pradan karatat tee vividhata (2017) rokhata yeil. brittenmadhye mothya pramanavar fracking operationchya virodhat moheem suru aahe, jyamule grameen bhagacha motha bhag nasht hoil aanee jaagtik plastic dvidha manahsthiti (2018) vadhel.
dorsetchya grameen bhagache saundarya sajare karnyasathi (2016) 2016 madhye chhayachitran spardha suru karnyat aalee.
rachana.
see. pii. aar. eae. chey rashtriy karyalay 5-11, lavington street, southwark, london yethe aahe. englandchya itar aath pradeshanmadhyehi tyachi karyalaye aahet.
yavyatirikt englandchya pratyek parganyanmadhye see. pii. aar. eae. chya shakha aahet aanee 200 hoon adhik jilhyanmadhye gut aahet. see. pii. aar. eae. chya 43 paiki done shakha vagalata serve tyanchya swatachya swatantra dharmaday sanstha aahet. see. pii. aar. eae. durham aanee see. pii. aar. eae. northamberland yaa rashtriy see. pii. eae. chya sahayyak kampanya aahet. pratyek see. pii. aar. eae. shakheche swatache sanketsthal asate.
prakashne.
sadasyanna 'grameen aavaj' navache traimasik masik milate aanee teey 'kshetriy karya' prapt karnyacha paryay nivadu shakatat jyat brittonchya aaspaschya mohimancha tapasheel asato.
see. pii. aar. eae. aaplya varshik sadasyanchya margdarshakachya madhyamatoon udyane, ghare aanee sangrahalaye yasarkhya mothya sankhyene grameen aakarshanancha prachar karate. 2012 chya sadasya margdarshakala rashtriy shetkari sanghatnene pathimba deela hota.
2015 madhye, see. pii. aar. eae. neey 'ubdar aanee harit' ahwal prakashit keela, joou urjechya samasyanchya pramanavar aanee tyanna hatalanyasathi aavashyak upayanvar naveen prakash takto. tyach varshi see. pii. aar. eae. neey beghar, asurakshit nivassthan aanee vruddha lokansathi khrismas bhetvastu sankalan mohimet lakshaniy yogdan deuun kinarpatticha taara kamavala.
prabhav.
see. pii. aar. eae. neey englandmadhil shahar aanee desh niyojanashi sambandhit sarvajanik dhoranavar prabhav padala aahe, visheshtah 1949 madhye rashtriy udyane aanee onbschya nirmitimadhye aanee 1955 madhye harit pattyanchya nirmitimadhye.
sampoorn europemadhye krishi dhorananche, kimmat-samarthan tattvadnyanapasun door paryavaraniy netrutvakade, eka dhoranatmak badal englandmadhye suru jhaale, tyaa santh badalasathi teey kahee shrey deto. alikadchya varshant dhwani aanee prakash pradushanaviruddha mohima rabavalya jaat aahet aanee see. pii. aar. eae. aata grameen bhagacha eka pramukh pailu mhanoon "shantata" varr laksh kendrit karat aahe, jeey see. pii. aar. eae. laa englandchya niyojan dhorananmadhye sanrakshit pahayache aahe.
see. pii. aar. eae. 2010 madhye carbon footprint qamee karnyachya prayatnat yaa prakalpat sameel jhaale. eka varshanantar tyanni jaheer kele qee tyanni tyanche carbon utsarjan (10:10 chya nikashannusar) 12 takkyanni qamee kele aahe.
teeka aanee prati-teeka.
yuu. keey. madhye, jaivavividhata, ann utpadan, gruhnirman, karamanook, aarogya aanee kalyanasathi jaminichya vaparavar spardhatmak maganya aahet. loksankhyechya halchali aanee hawaman badalamule yaa magnyancha dabav vadhato. tyamule ann utpadak, rahivasi, niyojak, bandhkam vyavsayik, udhyogpati, paryavaranvadi aanee itaranmadhye aanee tyanchyat tanav nirman hoil ashee apeksha aahe. drushtikon lakshaniyaritya badaltat aanee tyamule see. pii. aar. eae. chey tyache tikakar aahet.
kahee samikshak see. pii. aar. eae. chey varnan asey karatatah
kalantarane see. pii. aar. eae. neey samasyanvaril aapali bhoomika nakkich badalali aahe. udaharanarth, december 2008 madhye 'daad guardian' chey george monbeoat yanni tatkalin see. pii. aar. eae. pramukh shaun spears yanchi mulakhat ghetali, jyat sansthene pavanchakkichya khaninna virodh keela hota, parantu khulya kolasa khaninna virodh keela navhata. george monbeoat yanni vicharale qee, gelya paach varshant kolasa khankamala konatahi virodh qaa aadhalala nahee aanee kolasa khaninmule mothya bhagatoon maatee kadhoon takalyamule honare nakaratmak parinam grameen bhagavar bhagavar pawan urjechya nakaratmak parinamanpeksha barech jaast aahet. tathapi, kadachit yaa dabavacha parinam mhanoon, 2010 madhye, opencast khankamadware ayogya khanij nishkarshanaviruddha moheem see. pii. aar. eae. chya sanketsthalachya 'hawaman badal aanee naisargik sansadhane' vibhagat darshavili jaau lagali.
2011 madhye, see. pii. aar. eae. neey englandmadhye ativeg railwaveryl vadavivadat pravesh keela aanee takrar kelee qee sarkarne kahee mahinyant sarvajanik sallamasalaticha sarav pratyakshat puresa sarvajanik sallamasalat kelee nahee.
grameen englandla asalela dhoka atishayokticha asalyache aanee harit pattyala 'concrete' honyacha dhoka aahe assa ishara deuun dhokyacha ishara dilyacha aarop kahinni see. pii. aar. eae. varr keela aahe. eka ujavya vicharsaranichya vicharvant sansthechya matey, aarthik vyavhar sanstha, ingraji prushthbhagachya kshetrafalachya keval dahava bhag (harit pattyaivaji) vyapak arthane 'vikasit' aahe; yaa 'vikas' chya nimmya bhagat deshantargat udyane aahet, fakt eka-veesava bhag urala aahe joou kharokharach 'konkreetkhali' aahe (raste, railway, qaar park ityadinsah).). tathapi, 2017/18 madhye, purvichya avikasit harit pattyatil 8.9 chauras kiimii jameen vikasit vaparat badalali gelee, jyapaiki 2.9 chauras kiimii nivasi vaparat badalali gelee.
british yimbi chalvalitil aakadevarine see. pii. aar. eae. varr teeka kelee aahe, tyanni british gruhnirman sankat nakarle aanee greenbeltchya alanghaniyateche samarthan karnyasathi uchch-kimmatichya bhagatil gharanchya garjanna lakshaniyaritya qamee lekhalyacha aarop keela aahe. yimbij yanni assa dawa keela aahe qee heey dhoran grameen aanee shahari samudayanna ghar nakarte, jeey yogya prakare niyojit kele tarr tyanna bandhayache aahe. grameen-shahari simevaril gharanvar nirbandh ghalanyachya see. pii. aar. eae. chya mohimechya kathit yashamule london yimbiche saha-sansthapak johnn myers yanni tyache varnan 'daad aine. aar. aii. auph daad yooke' (asambandhit british aine. aar. aii. aivaji national raifal association auph america) asey kele aahe. see. pii. aar. eae. chya ahavalat adhik gharanchi garaj asalyache manya kele aahe, parantu sankhyanvaril sarkari aakadevarila aavhan dile aahe, jyat mhatale aahe qee tee nirikshan kelelya garajeaivaji aakankshanvar aadharit aahet.
brittonchya gharanchya garja purn karnyachya tyanchya kshamatevar atiaakshep takalyacha aarop karat, greenmadheel thikananvarun bandhkamasathi pahili pasanti mhanoon brownfield sthalanchya vaparavar see. pii. aar. eae. neey bharr dilyavar dekhil teeka kelee gelee aahe. yambi chalvalinusar, pramukh shahari kendranmadhil aanee aaspaschya aavashyak bharav vikasapasoon heey eka vichalit karnare aahe, jeey shahari bhagatil gharanchi garaj purn karnyasathi lakshaniy adhik kshamata pradan karato assa dawa keela jaato. tathapi, aktoobar 2020 madhye, see. pii. aar. eae. chya ahavalat asey ughad jhaale qee 13 laakh naveen gharansathi pureshi brownfield jameen aahe aanee paach lakhanhun adhikankade aadhich niyojanachi parvanagi aahe.
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