
dii. aine. aii. auxidation

dii. aine. aii. auxidation hii deoxyribonucleic aesidchya oxidative hanichi prakriya aahe. buroj aanee itaranni tapshilvar varnan kelyapramane.8-auxo-2 '-deoxyguanosine (8-auxo-dii. jee.) heey duplexes dii. aine. aii. madhye aadhalanare sarvat samanya oxidative jakham aahe kaaran dii. aine. aii. madheel itar nucleosides tulanet gwanninmadhye eka-electron qamee karanyachi kshamata qamee asate. nucleosideschi eka electron qamee karanyachi kshamata (volt viruddha aine. etch. eae. madhye) gwannin 1.29, edenine 1.42, cytosine 1.6 aanee thymine 1.7 aahet. genomemadhil 40,000 paiki sumare 1 gwannin samanya paristhitit 8-auxo-dii. jee. mhanoon upasthit asatat. yacha arth manvi peshinchya genomemadhe konatyahi velee 30,000 peksha jaast 8-auxo-dii. jee. astitvat asoo shakatat. dii. aine. aii. auxidationche aanakhi eka utpadan mhanje 8-auxo-dii. aii.. 8-auxo-dii. aii. 8-auxo-dii. jee. chya frequencichya 1/10 varr udbhavate. dii. aine. aii. madhye tyachya shejari asalelya vishisht nucleosidesver avalambun, gwanninchi qamee honyachi kshamata 50 takkyanparyant qamee kelee jaau shakate.
atirikt dii. aine. aii. auxidationcha sambandh kahee rog aanee karkaroganshi aahe, tarr oxidised nucleotideschi samanya patali, rosachya samanya patalimule, smaranshakti aanee shikshanasathi aavashyak asoo shakate.
dii. aine. aii. madheel oxidised bases.
2003 madhye cook aanee itaranni 20 hoon adhik oxidativerytya kharab jhalelya dii. aine. aii. bases jakhama olakhalya. aanee 1992 madhye dizdaroglune nondavalelya 12 oxidised besvar heey aachchadan karatat. aayanikaran kiranotsarganantar (oxidative taana nirman karnare) dizdaroglula aadhalanare done sarvat varanvar auxidise kelele kshar heey aakrutimadhye darshavilele gwanninche done auxidation utpad hote. yapaiki eka utpadan 8-oh-gua (8-hydroxyguanine) hote. (8-auxo-2 '-deoxyguanosine haah lekh tyach kharab jhalelya ksharala sandarbhit karato kaaran tethe varnan kelelya 8-auxo-guachya keto formmadhye yethe darshavilelya 8-oh-guachya inol formmadhye totomeric shift houu shakate.) dusare utpadan fapigua (2,6-diamino-4-hydroxy-5-pharmamedopyrimidine) hote. aanakhi eka varanvar honare auxidation utpadan mhanje cytosynpasoon midavalele 5-oh-hyde (5-hydroxyhydentine).
oxidised bases kadhoon takane.
bases accessition durusti margavar karyarat asalelya enzymesdware bahutek oxidised bases dii. aine. aii. madhoon kadhale jaatat. dii. aine. aii. madheel oxidised kshar kadhoon takane heey baryapaiki jalad aahe. udaharanarth, aayanikaran kiranotsargachya adheen asalelya undaranchya yakrutat 8-auxo-dii. jee. 10 patinni vadhavanyat aalee hotee, parantu atirikt 8-auxo-dii. jee. 11 minitanchya ardh-aayushyasah kadhoon taknyat aalee.
dii. aine. aii. nukasananchi sthir sthitee patali.
antarjanit dii. aine. aii. nukasananchi sthir-sthitee patali nirmiti aanee durusti yanchyatil samtol darshavate. sweinberg aanee itar. sastan pranyanchya peshinmadhye sthir avasthetil antarjanit dii. aine. aii. nukasananche mojalele sarasari praman. tyanna aadhalaleli saat sarvat samanya haanee takta 1 madhye darshavili gelee aahe. keval eka thet oxidised bases, 8-hydroxyguanine, prati peshi sumare 2,400 8-oh-jee, sthir sthiteet upasthit asalelya sarvat varanvar dii. aine. aii. nukasananpaiki eka hote.
carcinogenesis aanee rogamadhye 8-auxo-dii. jee. vaadh jhaali.
valavanidis aanee itaranni punaravalokan kelyapramane. uutinmadhye 8-auxo-dii. jee. chee vadhaleli patali oxidative tanavache biomarker mhanoon kaam karoo shakate. tyanni asehi namood kele qee 8-auxo-dii. jee. chee vadhaleli patali varanvar carcinogenesis aanee rogashi sambandhit aadhalate.
yaa vibhagat darshavilelya aakrutimadhye, samanya aaharatil undaratil bruhadantriy upkalamadhye tyachya bruhadantriy guptanganmadhye (panel aaa) 8-auxo-dii. jee. chee patali qamee asate. tathapi, bruhadantriy tumerginesis (tyachya aaharat jodalya gelelya deoxicolatemule) madhoon jaat asalelya undaramadhye tyachya bruhadantriy upkalamadhye (panel bii) 8-auxo-dii. jee. chee uchch patali asate. deoxicolatemule pratikriyashil oxygenche antahkoshik utpadan vadhate jyamule oxidative taana vadhato aanee yamule tumerginesis aanee carcinogenesis honyas hatbhar lagoo shakato. 22 undaranni aaharat deoxicolate purak aahar deela, 20 (91 takke) aaharat 10 mahinyanantar bruhadantratil arbud vikasit jhaale aanee yapaiki 10 undaranmadhil arbudanmadhye (45 takke under) adenocarcinoma (karkarog) samavisht hota. cook aanee itar. alzheimer rog aanee pranaligat lupus erythematosus yasarkhya anek roganni 8-auxo-dii. jee. vaadh kelee aahe parantu carcinogenesismadhye vaadh jhaleli nahee.
carcinogenesismadhye oxidative hanichi apratyaksh bhoomika.
valavanidis aanee itar. 8-auxo-dii. jee. sarkhya oxidative dii. aine. aii. chey nuksan, done yantranandvare carcinogenesismadhye yogdan deu shakate yakade laksh vedhale. pahilya yantranet januk abhivyaktiche modulation samavisht aahe, tarr dusari utparivartananchya preranadvare aahe.
epigenetic badal.
epigenetic badal, udaharanarth janukachya pravartak pradeshat see. pii. jee. betanchya methylationdware, janukachya abhivyaktivar dabav aanoo shakato (karkarogatil dii. aine. aii. methylation pahaa). sarvasadharanpane, epigenetic badal januk abhivyaktimadhye badal karoo shakatat. bernstein aanee bernstein yanni punaravalokan kelyapramane, vividh prakarchya dii. aine. aii. nukasananchi durusti, qamee varanvartesaha, vividh durusti prakriyanche avashesh sodu shakate aanee tyamule epigenetic badal houu shakatat. 8-auxo-dii. jee. chee durusti pramukhyane bases exicision repairdware (bair) kelee jaate. lii aanee itar. dii. aine. aii. methylation, demethylation kinwa histone badalanshi jodalya gelelya pratikriyancha samavesh asalelya epigenetic badalanmadhye eka kinwa adhik bair prathine dekhil sahbhagi hotat asey darshavinare punaravalokan kelele abhyas. nisheeda aanee itar. 8-auxo-dii. jee. patalichi tapasani kelee aanee yakrut biopsychya 128 namunyanmadhye 11 tumour suppressor janukanchya (tii. ess. jee.) pravartak methylation dekhil moolyankan kele. hii biopsy dirghakalin hipatities see asalelya rugnankadun ghenyat aalee hotee, jee yakrutat oxidative nuksan karnari sthitee hotee. moolyankan kelelya 5 ghatakanpaiki, 8-auxo-dii. jee. chee vadhaleli patali tii. ess. jee. ess. chya pravartak methylationshi (pii <0.0001) atyant parasparsambandhit hotee. yaa pravartak methylationmule yaa tumour suppressor janukanchi abhivyakti qamee houu shakali asatee aanee carcinogenesismadhye yogdan miloo shakale asate.
utparivartan.
yasui aanee itar. jevha deoxyguanosine heey oxidised vyutpann sanvardhanatil manvi lymphoblastoid peshinmadhil gunasutratil thymidine keynage janukamadhye ghatale gele tevha 8-auxo-dii. jee. chey bhavitavya tapasale gele. tyanni sumare 800 peshinmadhye 8-auxo-dii. jee. ghatale aanee peshinchya vadhinantar tayar jhalelya pratirupanpasun nirdharit kelyapramane, haah badallela paya ghatalyanantar jee utpadane aalee tee shodhu shakale. 86 takke pratirupanmadhye 8-auxo-dii. jee. jee. madhye punarsanchayit karnyat aale, jeey kadachit utparivartanashivay achook bases exzition durusti kinwa translation sanshleshan pratibimbit karate. jeeh see teey teeh 5.9% pratirupanmadhye sankraman jhaale, 2.1% madhye ekal bases vilopan aanee 1.2% madhye jeeh see teey seeh jee rupantaran jhaale. ektritpane, 8-auxo-dii. jee. antarbhutichya thikani nirman jhalelya 14 takke utparivartananpaiki ekoon 9.2 takke hii adhik samanya utparivartane hotee. vishleshan kelelya 800 pratirupanmadhil itar utparivartananmadhye, 6,33 aanee 135 bases jodyanchya aakarache 3 mothe vilopan dekhil hote. asha prakare 8-auxo-dii. jee., durusti naan kelyas, thet varanvar utparivartan houu shakate, jyapaiki kahee karkarogjanya utparivartanat yogdan deu shakatat.
januk niyamnamadhye dii. aine. aii. auxidationchi bhoomika.
wang aanee itaranni punaravalokan kelyapramane., januk abhivyaktimadhye oxidised gwanninchya anek niyamak bhoomika asalyache disate. wang aanee itaranni namood kelyapramane.sakriyapane lipyantaran honyachi shakyata asaleli januke genomechya uchch jee. see.-samgrichya bhagat ghanatene vitarit kelee jaatat. tyanantar tyanni gwanninmadhye dii. aine. aii. oxidationdware januk niyantranachya teen paddhatinche varnan kele. eka paddhatimadhye asey disate qee oxidative taana januk pravartkamadhye 8-auxo-dii. jee. tayar karoo shakato. oxidative tanamule oo. jee. jee. 1. nishkriy oo. jee. jee. 1. dekhil nishkriy houu shakato, joou yapudhe 8-auxo-dii. jee. pasoon baher padat nahee, tarihi 8-auxo-dii. jee. saha lakshya aanee sankul karato aanee dii. aine. aii. madhye tikshna (~ 70o) vakato. yamule sambandhit janukache pratilekhan aarambh sankul, niyamankari pratilekhan ekatra karata yete. hii paddhat sthapit karnyachya prayogik aadharavar seiferman aanee epp yanni dekhil aadhava ghetala
guaninmadhye dii. aine. aii. oxidationdware januk niyantranacha dusra prakar, jevha pravartakachya coding strandmadhye guanin samruddha, sambhavya jee-quadruplex-forming sequence (pii. kyu. ess.) madhye 8-auxo-dii. jee. tayar hoto, tyanantar sakriy oo. jee. jee. 1 8-auxo-dii. jee. baher kadhato aanee apurinic/epirimedinic site (epee site) tayar karato. aii. pii. site, pratilekhan sakriy karnyat niyamak bhoomika asalelya jee-quadruplex foldcha (jee4 rachana/rachana) avalamb karoon, pii. kyu. chaa mukhavata ughad karnyasathi duplexes vitalanyas saksham karate.
jevha 8-auxo-dii. jee. heey oo. jee. jee. 1 saha guntavoon takale jaate aanee nantar januk abhivyakti sudharit karnyasathi chromatin remodellerschi bharati kelee jaate, tevha gwanninver dii. aine. aii. oxidationdware januk niyantranacha tisra prakar hoto. chromodoman helicase dii. aine. aii.-binding protein 4 (see. etch. dii. 4), (nurd) sankulacha eka ghatak, aug 1 dware oxidative dii. aine. aii. nuksan jhalelya thikani bharati keela jaato. tyanantar chd4 heey dii. aine. aii. aanee histone methylating enzymes aakarshit karate jeey sambandhit janukanche pratilekhan dabtat.
seiferman aanee epp yanni namood kele qee, samanya oxidative tanavacha parinam mhanoon pratilekhan preranamadhye aadhalanaya pravartak anukramanmadhye 8-auxo-dii. jee. chey atyant nivadak preran spasht karane katheen asoo shakate. tathapi, pravartak pradeshanmadhye oxidised besachya site-nirdeshit nirmitisathi eka yantrana asalyache disate. perillo aanee itar., asey darshavile qee lycine-vishisht histone demethylase ell. ess. dii. 1 pratikriyashil auxigen prajatincha (aar. oo. ess.) sthanik sphot nirman karate jeey tyache karya kartana jawalchya nucleotides auxidation prerit karate. eka vishisht udaharan mhanoon, istrogens peshinvar upchar kelyanantar, ell. ess. dii. 1 neey tyachya utsechak kriyakalapanche up-utpadan mhanoon etch. 2 oo. 2 tayar kele. istrogen-pratisadatmak januk asalelya bii. see. ell.-2 chya pravartak pradeshat oo. jee. jee. 1 aanee topoisomerase IIβ chya bharatisathi, lycine 9 yethe histone etch. 3 chya demythylation darmyan ell. ess. dii. 1 dware dii. aine. aii. chey auxidation aavashyak asalyache disun aale.
8-auxo-dii. jee. heey genomemadhe yadruchchikpane hott nahee. undaranchya bhrunatil fibroblastmadhye, janukanchya shariramadhye aanee aantarjanukiy pradeshanmadhye aadhalanaya 8-auxo-dii. jee. patalichya tulanet pravartak, 5 '-anuvadit pradesh aanee 3'-anuvadit pradeshansah anuvanshik niyantran kshetranmadhye 8-auxo-dii. jee. chey 2 teey 5 putt sanwardhan aadhalale. undaranchya fuffusiy dhamnitil endothelial peshinmadhye, jevha 8-auxo-dii. jee. chya sthanansathi 22,414 prathine-coding janukanchi tapasani kelee gelee, tevha 8-auxo-dii. jee. (jevha asatat) bahutek janukanchya shariramadhye nasoon pravartak pradeshat aadhalale. jyaa shekado janukanchya abhivyaktichya patalivar hypoxiacha parinam jhaala hota, navyane adhigrahit pravartak 8-auxo-dii. jee. ess. asalelya janukanche niyaman kele gele aanee jyaa janukanche pravartak 8-auxo-dii. jee. ess. gamavale tyaa serve janukanche niyaman jawaljawal qamee kele gele.
smrutimadhye 8-auxo-dii. jee. chee sakaratmak bhoomika.
gwanninche auxidation, visheshtah see. pii. jee. sitemadhye, shikanyasathi aanee smaranshaktisathi visheshtah mahatvache asoo shakate. uutinchya prakaranusar see. pii. jee. sthalanchya <aay. dii. 1> varr cytosinsche methylation hote. sastan pranyanchya mendut, see. pii. jee. chey <aay. dii. 1> methylated asatat. see. pii. jee. sthalanche methylation januke sthirpane shant karate. yapaiki 500 hoon adhik see. pii. jee. sites menduchya hippocampus aanee singulate cortex bhagat smrutee nirmiti aanee smrutee ektrikaranadarmyan neuron dii. aine. aii. madhye dii-methylated asatat. khalee darshavilyapramane, see. pii. jee. sitewar methylated cytosinechya dii-methylation pahili payari mhanje 8-auxo-dii. jee. tayar karnyasathi gwanninche auxidation.
dii. aine. aii. dii-methylationmadhye oxidised gwanninchi bhoomika.
yaa vibhagatil pahili aakruti eka see. pii. jee. jaaga darshavate jithe cytosine 5-methylcytosine (5 emm. see.) tayar karnyasathi methylated kele jaate aanee gwanninche auxidation karoon 8-auxo-2 '-deoxyguanosine tayar kele jaate (aakrutimadhye heey tatomeric form 8-oo. etch. dii. jee. madhye dakhavale aahe). jevha hii rachana tayar hote, tevha bases accessition repair enzyme oo. jee. jee. 1 8-oo. etch. dii. jee. laa lakshya karate aanee tatkal accessition naan karata jakhmeshi bandhate. 5 emm. see. pii.-8-oo. etch. dii. jee. thikani asalele oo. jee. jee. 1. heey tett 1chee bharati karate aanee tett 1 heey 8-oo. etch. dii. jee. laa lagoon asalelya 5 emm. see. chey auksidikaran karate. yamule 5 emm. see. chey dii-methylation suru hote. tett1 heey dii-methylating 5 emm. see. pii. jee. madhye samavisht asalele eka pramukh enzyme aahe. tathapi, tett 1 5 emm. see. pii. jee. varr karya karnyas saksham aahe, jarr gwanninche pratham oxidization karoon 8-hydroxy-2 '-deoxyguanosine (8-oo. etch. dii. jee. kinwa tyache tatomer 8-auxo-dii. jee.) tayar kele gele, parinami 5 emm. see. pii.-8-oo. etch. dii. jee. dynucleotide tayar hote (yaa vibhagatil pahili aakruti pahaa). heey methylated cytosinavar dii-methylation marg suru karate, jyacha parinam yaa vibhagatil dusya aakrutit darshavilelya unmethylated cytosinemadhye hoto.
dii. aine. aii. chya methylationmadhil badalanmule neuronsemadhil prathinanchi badalaleli abhivyakti (neuron dii. aine. aii. madheel januk pravartakanmadhye see. pii. jee. sitechya 8-auxo-dii. jee.-avalambun dii-methylationdware niyantrit) smrutee nirmitisathi madhyavarti mhanoon sthapit kelee gelee aahe.
majjasansthechi sthitee.
dvidhruvi vikar.
oxidative tanavamule dii. aine. aii. chey nuksan dvidhruvi vikarat bhoomika bajavate yaa puravyacha rajha aanee itaranni aadhava ghetala aahe. dvidhruvi rugnanmadhye sthir mansik sthitichya kalatahi oxidative prerit dii. aine. aii. kshar hanichi patali vadhate. nirogi vyaktinchya tulanet dii. aine. aii. madhoon kahee oxidised bases kadhoon takna bases accessition repair enzyme oo. jee. jee. 1 chee patali dekhil qamee hote.
nairashya vikar.
pramukh nairashya vikar haah oxidative dii. aine. aii. chya vadhiv hanishi sambandhit aahe. nairashyagrast rugnanmadhye purins aanee pyrimedinechya oxidative badalanmadhye vaadh hii oxidative dii. aine. aii. chya hanichya kharab durustimule houu shakate.
schizophrenia.
dirghakalin schizophrenia asalelya vruddha rugnanchya shavavichedan abhyasatoon asey disun aale aahe qee menduchya hippocampus pradeshat oxidative dii. aine. aii. chey nuksan vadhate. schizophrenia rugnanmadhye oxidised dii. aine. aii. bases 8-auxo-dii. jee. asalelya neuronsche sarasari praman heey tulanene vyaktinpeksha 10 putt jaast hote. schizophreniamadhye oxidative dii. aine. aii. chya hanichi bhoomika darshavina puravyancha rajha aanee itaranni aadhava ghetala aahe. aanee markkenan aanee itar.
aar. aine. aii. auxidation.
sthanik vatavaranatil aar. aine. aii. vividh apmananna samore jaatat. yaa dhokyanpaiki, oxidative taana heey aar. aine. aii. chya hanichya pramukh karananpaiki eka aahe. peshi sahan karat asalelya oxidative tanavachi patali pratikriyashil auxigen prajatinchya (aar. oo. ess.) pramanadvare pratibimbit hote. roose peshinmadhil samanya auxigen chayapachayatun tayar hotat aanee teey sakriy renunchi yadee mhanoon olakhale jaatat, jase qee o2 −, 1o2, h2o2 aanee, oh. nucleic aaml heey fenton abhikriyedvare rosane auxidise kele jaau shakate. aataparyant, dii. aine. aii. madhye sumare 20 oxidative jakhama aadhalalya aahet. aar. aine. aii. khaleel karananmule rosabaddal adhik sanvedanshil asanyachi shakyata aaheh 1) mulat ekeri-aadvya rachnemule rosabaddal adhik jaaga ughad hotat; 2) aanvik dii. aine. aii. chya tulanet, aar. aine. aii. qamee vibhagalele asatat; 3) aar. aine. aii. heey keval dii. aine. aii. pramane kendrakamadhyech navhe tarr peshidravyachya mothya bhaganmadhyehi mothya pramanat pasaratat. yaa siddhantala undaranche yakrut, manvi raktapeshi ityadinmadhil shodhanchya malikene samarthan dile aahe. pratyakshat, isotopical label [18o]-h2o2 lagoo karoon pranaliche nirikshan karane heey dii. aine. aii. peksha cellular aar. aine. aii. madhye jaast auxidation darshavate.
auxidation yadruchchikpane aar. aine. aii. chey nuksan karate aanee pratyek hallah samanya pesheey chayapachayat samasya aanato. jaree emm. aar. aine. aii. vareel anuvanshik mahitimadhye badal tulanene durmil asala, taree emm. aar. aine. aii. inn vitro aanee inn vivoveril oxidationmule anuvad karyakshamta aanee asamanya prathine utpadane qamee hotat.
jaree auxidation heey nucleic strandsver yadruchchikpane dhadkat asale, taree vishisht avashesh rosala adhik sanvedanshil asatat, asha hotspot sitesver rosala jaast darane fatka basato. aataparyant sapadalelya serve jakhmanpaiki, dii. aine. aii. aanee aar. aine. aii. madhye sarvadhik mubalak pramanat aadhalanaya jakhmanpaiki eka mhanje 8-hydroxyguanine. shivay, serve aar. aine. aii. jakhmanmadhye 8-hydroxyguanine heey mojata yenyasarkhe ekmev aahe. tyachya vipulatevyatirikt, 8-hydroxydioxiguine (8-auxos) aanee 8-hydroxyguanosine (8-auxog) heey tyanchya utparivartaniy prabhavasathi sarvat hanikarak auxidation jakhama mhanoon olakhale jaatat, jyamadhye haah gair-canonical pratirup samaan karyakshamtevar edenine aanee cytosine yaa donhisah doshpurnapane jodale jaau shakate. yaa chukichya jodanimule dii. aine. aii. aanee aar. aine. aii. chya sanshleshanadvare anuvanshik mahitimadhye badal hoto. aar. aine. aii. madhye, auxidationchya patalicha andaj pramukhyane 8-auxog-aadharit parikshanandware lavala jaato. aataparyant, 8-auxog patali thet mojanyasathi vikasit kelelya paddhatinmadhye etch. pii. ell. see.-aadharit vishleshan aanee monoclonal anty-8-auxog pratipinde vaparnare parikshan samavisht aahet. etch. pii. ell. see.-aadharit paddhat vidyutarasayanik shodhkasah (eae. see. dii.) 8-auxog aanee yuu. vhee. shodhkasah ekoon jee mojate. done sankhyanchi tulana kelyane honare gunottar ekoon g chey auksidikaran kitee jhaale aahe heey pradan karate. monoclonal anty-8-auxog maus antibodies hii uutinchya vibhaganvar kinwa padadyavar thet avashesh shodhanyasathi vyapakpane vaparali jaatat, jyamule uutinmadhye aanee dii. aine. aii. kinwa aar. aine. aii. chya swatantra upasanchanmadhye tyachya vitaranacha abhyas karnyasathi adhik drushya marg upalabdh hoto. sthapit apratyaksh tantre pramukhyane yaa jakhamechya utparivartaniy parinamanvar aadharit aahet, jase qee lacz chachani. hii paddhat pratham taddeine tayar kelee aanee varnan kelee aanee aar. aine. aii. anukram patali aanee ekal nucleotide patali yaa donhivaril auxidationchi paristhiti samajoon ghenyasathi heey eka sambhavya shaktishali sadhan hote. 
oxidised aar. aine. aii. chaa aanakhi eka srot mhanje single nucleotides oxidised pratirupacha chukicha samavesh. kharey tarr, aar. aine. aii. purvavarti talavacha aakar dii. aine. aii. peksha shekado aakarane motha aahe.
aar. aine. aii. gunavatta niyantranasathi sambhavya ghatak.
aar. aine. aii. gunavatta niyantranacha muddah astitvat aahe qee nahee yavar tivra vadavivad jhaale aahet. tathapi, vividh aar. aine. aii. prajatinchya ardhya aayushyachya vividh lambichya chintemule, anek minitanpasoon teey tasanparyant, sadosh aar. aine. aii. chya hasache shrey aata tyachya kshanik swarupala sopavata yet nahee. kharey tarr, rosechya pratikriyes fakt kahee minite lagatat, jeey sarvat asthir aar. aine. aii. chya sarasari aayurmanapeksha dekhil qamee asate. sthir aar. aine. aii. ekoon aar. aine. aii. chaa motha vaataa gheto, hii vastusthiti jodat aar. aine. aii. truti hatvane atishay gambhir hote aanee aata tyakade durlaksh kele jaau naye. oxidative aavhan kadhoon taklyanantar oxidised aar. aine. aii. chee patali qamee hote yaa vastusthitimule haah siddhant kayam aahe.
kahee sambhavya ghatakanmadhye ribonuclegescha samavesh hoto, jeey tanakhali nuksan jhalelya aar. aine. aii. laa nivadakpane qamee karatat assa sanshay aahe. aar. aine. aii. purvavarti pool staravar kaam karnare enzymes, jeey thet navjat strandmadhye samavisht kele jaau shakat naheet asha formmadhye truti purvavarti badaloon aar. aine. aii. sequencechi gunavatta niyantrit karnyasathi olakhale jaatat.