
vhietnami lokanvar agent aurangeche parinam

agent aurange heey eka aushadhi vanaspati aahe, jyala defaulient mhanoon vargikrut kele gele aahe, jeey yuu. dwara sarvat visheshtah vaparale gele hote.ess. vietnam yuddhadarmyanche sainya. uttar vhietnami shailitil chhapamar yuddhachya amalbajavanisathi aanee shashvatatesathi aavashyak asaleli vankshetra aanee annasampada nasht karane, haah tyacha prathamik uddesh dhoranatmak vanikaran hota. yuu.ess. operation pharm hand darmyan agent narangicha vapar sarvoch patalivar pohochala, jyamadhye 1961 teey 1971 darmyan vhietanammadhye 45 laakh ekar jaminivar samagrichi (tyachya atyant vishari ashuddhatesah, dioxin) favarani karnyat aalee.
agent aurenjachya vaparamule vhietanammadhye rahana vhietnami lokanvar tasech 1978 teey 1990 chya dashakachya suruvatiparyant mothya pramanat palayan karoon paloon gelelya lokanvar pratyaksh, dirghakalin parinam jhaala aahe. mage pahanyachya sudharatmak abhyasatoon asey soochit hote qee, agent aurange exposureche purviche andaj sarkari hastakshep aanee qamee andajamule pakshapati hote, mhanje dioxinchya muktatesathiche sadhyache andaj purvichya andajapeksha jawaljawal duppat aahet. jangananechi aakadevari soochit karate qee amerikechya sainyane dhoranatmak agent narangichya vaparachya darmyan lakho vhietnami lokanvar thet favarani kelee. vhietnami lokanvar agent aurangeche parinam vividh aarogya parinam, paryavaraniy parinam aanee samajik-rajkiy parinam yapasoon hotat.
aarogyavar honare parinam.
vhietnami lokanvar agent aurangeche sarvat spasht parinam mhanje aarogyavar honare parinam. vaidnyanik ekmatane heey spasht kele aahe qee vishisht karkarogachya jokhamichya babatit achukateche mahatva tasech tyaa vishisht karkarogachya jokhamiche kaaran mhanoon narangi ghatak olakhanyatil adchan manya karane aavashyak aahe. yaa vishayavaril mageel abhyas samanyikrut kele gele naheet kaaran jaree teey karkarogachya dhokyat sankhyikiyadrushtya lakshaniy vaadh darshavit asale taree, loksankhya "pashchatya" diggaj kinwa corian diggaj aahet kinwa namunyanche aakar yogya manalya jaanyaitke lahan hote. yuu.ess. paryavaran sanrakshn sanstha pradarshanachya maryadechi vyakhya "nirikshan naan kelelya pratikool-prabhav-pataliche aanee andajit pradarshanachya matreche gunottar" ashee karate."agent aurenjachya mahamarishastravaril swatantra vaidnyanik vishleshan asey suchavate qee prushthavanshiy pranyanvar dioxin kinwa dioxinsarkhya sanyuganchya samparkat yenyachi phaar qamee kinwa konatihi maryada nahee, mhanje nishkriy sampark kinwa anuvanshik vanshavaliche dekhil vinashkari parinam hotat.
sadhyache vhietnami nagarikanvar parinam.
parinami, uttar aanee dakshin vietnam yaa donhi deshanchya nagarikanchya raktachya namunyanmadhye ajunahi asalelya dioxinchya pataliche mojmap karnyasathi kathor abhyas kele gele aahet. yaa abhyasatoon asey soochit hote qee jaree bahutek abhikartyanchya narangi abhyasanmadhye american diggajanche myopic vishleshan kele gele asale, taree vhietnami nagarikanna lakshyachi rundi aanee vyapti adhik jaast disun aalee aahe. skector aanee itaranni varnan kelyapramane dioxinchi vyapti. (vayoo chromatography aanee maas spectroscopidware mojalyapramane manvi dudh, charbiyukt ootee aanee raktatil 8-tetrachlorodibenzo-pii-dioxinchi patali atishay uchch tii. see. dii. dii. kinwa <aay. dii. 1> madhye spasht kele aahe) vhietanammadhye rahana vhietnami lokanmadhye itar loksankhyepeksha (skector aanee itar) lakshaniyaritya jaast aahe.1995). tyanantarchya abhyasanmadhye, visheshtah 1962 teey 1970 darmyan, operation pharm hand darmyan bombsfot sthalanchya aanee favarani mohimanchya jawalpasachya bhaugolik bhagat kelelya abhyasat, dioxinchya patalichi pushti karnyat aalee. favarani mohimansathi vaparlya jaanarya havai talajaval asalelya dakshin vhietanammadhil loksankhya asalelya bien hova shaharatil dioxinchya patalicha 2002 chaa namuna abhyas, 20 varshanchya shantatechya kalavadhinantarhi raktatil dioxinchi patali lakshaniyaritya vadhalyache darshavito, jyat visheshtah rakt namunyanmadhye narangi ghatak aadhalato. shaharat sthalantarit jhalele aanee agent aurange favarani operation sampalyanantar janmalelya mulankadehi raktache namune hote jeey dioxinchi (skector aanee itar) upasthiti darshavtat.2001). meta-abhyasanni anuvanshik varshachya dioxin margala pushti dilee aahe, udaa.jee. 1966 teey 2008 yaa teen prakaran-niyantran abhyasanmadhye (aine. jee. oo. aanee itar), agent aurange aanee spina bifidachya vadilanchya samparkat yenyamadhil sankhyikiyadrushtya mahattvapoorn parasparsambandh.2009).
vhietnami lokannusar, yuu. ess. chya karyakramamule 400,000 mrutyu vividh karkarog aanee itar aajaranmule jhaale aanee jangananechya aakadevarinusar andaje 48 laakh vhietnami lock agent aurenjachya samparkat aale.
vhietnami nirvasitanvar parinam.
vietnam yuddh sampalyanantar, vietnam tasech laos aanee kambodiyamadhun 20 laakh nirvasit itar deshanmadhye paloon gele. 1992 paryant, 10 lakhanhun adhik nirvasit americet, 7,50,000 uttar america aanee european deshanmadhye sthayik jhaale hote aanee itar anek jann kayamswarupi sthalantar karnyasathi aavashyak asalele visa aanee sthalantar dastaivaj midvanyat asamarth houn thaee-kambodiyachya simepasoon hongkongparyantchya nirvasit shibiranmadhye rahile hote.
vaidnyanik ahavalanni assa nishkarsh kadhala aahe qee dakshin vhietanammadhye asatana rasayanik favarnyanchya samparkat aalyachya abhyagatanna dolhe aanee tvachemadhye tasech jatharantratil aswasthata anubhavane suru rahile. eka abhyasat, bavanannav takke sahbhaginna satat thakwa jaanavala; itaranni garbhpat aanee rakshasi janm nondavale. agent aurange aanee janmadosh yanchyatil sambandhavaril sarvat sadhyachya abhyasanchya meta-vishleshananni assa nishkarsh kadhala aahe qee sankhyikiyadrushtya mahattvapoorn parasparsambandh aahe, jase qee tyanchya aayushyachya konatyahi tappyavar agent aurenjachya samparkat aalelya palkanmule aekhadyachya janmachya doshanche anuvanshik vahak asanyachi kinwa mhanoon karya karanyachi shakyata vadhel. vhietnami abhyasanni visheshtah palakancha sampark aanee janmajat dosh yanchyatil adhik motha parasparsambandh darshavila, vidvananni assa nishkarsh kadhala qee sambandhancha darr paristhitinusar badalat hota kaaran sampark aanee tivrateche praman dekhil ghatak manale jaat hote.
paryavaraniy parinam.
agent aurangeche vhietanamchya vanaspati jivanavar vinashkari paryavaraniy parinam jhaale, jyamule yuddhadarmyan nirvasitanchya nirmitimadhye dekhil yogdan midale. agent aurangeche paryavaraniy parinam vhietnami nagarikanchya dainandin jivanavar parinam karat asalyache nondavale gele aahe. eka abhyasat maatee aanee galanchya namunyanmadhye dioxinche pradushan disun aale aanee asey gruheet dharale gele qee "sadhyachya aanee mageel samparkacha eka pramukh marg mhanje matitoon nadichya galat, nantar mashanmadhye aanee lokanmadhye mashanchya vaparatoon dioxinchi halchal."1963 teey 1966 darmyan karyarat asalelya aata-bund padalelya lashkari talajavalil aluoi khoyatil abhyasane jaivik aavardhan prakriyechi pushti kelee, kaaran dooshit maatee tii. see. dii. dii. agent aurange toxinche 'jalashay' mhanoon kaam karate jeey nantar maase aanee badkanmadhye aanee shevati manavanmadhye, serve upbhogadvare hastantarit hote. international union phaur conservation auph necharne assa nishkarsh kadhala qee "bahutek nuksan kadachit kadhihi durust kele jaau shakat nahee."
jangaltod.
amerikechya adhikrut lashkari nondinmadhye dakshin vhietanamchya 20 takke jangalancha aanee kharfutichya jangalancha (itar aakadevari 20-50% nondavnyabarobarach) naash jhalelya aakadevaricha samavesh aahe. jaivbharatil ekoon ghat, i.eae. vadhichya utpannachya drushtine matichi poshak tatve aanee parisansthechi utpadakta qamee honyasah vanaspati aanee pranyanchi sankhya nondavali gelee aahe. anek vela favarani karnyat aalelya jangalanmule (andaje sumare 0.5 laakh hectorchya jaminichya pramanakade nirdesh karatat) paryavaraniy tote mothya pramanat vadhale aahet; punarprapticha kaal sanshayaspad aahe aanee "vanaspati aachchadan purnapane nasht jhalyamule" "vanaspati aanee prani samuday purnapane viskalit jhaale aahet". yaa jangaltodichya dirghakalin parinamamule qamee vayachi paaney aanee kharfuti ekach favaranitun vadhu shakat naheet, aarthikdrushtya avyavharya gavatanchya anek pattyanna bolchalani bhashet "american gavat" mhanoon sambodhale jaate. lashkarikaranachya prakriyet aanee yuddhbhumichya nirmitimadhye nasht jhaleli shetjameen shetichi osad jameen tayar karat hotee, jyamule vhietnami shetkyanna 40 varshanhun adhik kaal dooshit mativar kaam karnyas bhag padale. yaa apavitratemule jhalelya paryavaraniy nashala sweedenche pantpradhan olof paam, vakeel, itihaskar aanee itar shikshanatadnyanni eka parisanstha mhanoon varnan kele aahe.
paryavaraniy nirvasit.
agent aurengecha vapar heey yuddhasathi manvi vatavaran japt karnyache eka "kukhyat udaharan" manale jaate, jyamule anek grameen vhietnami lokanna tyanchi pike aanee upajeevika nasht jhalyamule jaganyasathi paryavaraniy nirvasit mhanoon shaharanmadhye jaanyas bhag padale jaate. harvard pradhyapak samuel pii. huntingtonne namood kele qee vietnam yuddhadarmyan shahari loksankhya duppat kinwa tippat jhaali kaaran lock yuddhatoon vachanyasathi grameen bhagatoon sthalantarit jhaale. jiim glassmanne assa yuktivad keela qee paryavaraniy vinash aanee sungadhisah pikacha naash yamule grameen nirvasit shaharanmadhye aale aanee grameen bhagavar niyantran thevanyasathi aanee loksankhyela viate kongpasoon vegale karnyachya bandkhorivirodhi prayatnancha eka bhag mhanoon madat jhaali. tyanni pudhe lihile qee lakho yuddh nirvasitankade "eka kinwa dusya prakarchya yuddhacha parinam mhanoon sankuchitpane pahile jaau shakat nahee".
samajik-rajkiy parinam.
agent aurenjachya vividh samajik-rajkiy parinamanche dekhil dastaivajikaran kele gele aahe. amerikechya sainyane agent aurengecha vapar karoon anek dashake ulatoon gelyanantarhi nyayik aanee nagri pardarshakta rakhanyatil adachani kayam aahet. tyanchya rasayanik vaparachya naitikatemule doshi tharavalelya mahamandalanche varnan 'virodhi aanee tantrik yuktivadanvar kendrit' asey kele gele aahe.
kayadeshir pratisad.
vhietnami piditanchya varg karvaicha khatala.
vhietnami piditanchya vatine pahili kayadeshir karyavahi janewari 2004 madhye newyork jilha nyayalayat karnyat aalee. shevati jilha nyayalayane asey mhatale qee "vanaushadhi favarani. . . 1975 purvicha haah yuddh gunha navhata aanee tyaa aantarrashtriy kayadyane agent aurange tayar karananya companyanna jababdar rahnyas pratibandh keela. vhietnami lokanvar dioxine kelelya haniche bharpaisah samet karnyasathi paryayi models dekhil prastavit karnyat aale aahet. kahinni yaa vidrupan aanee vidhvansala 'paryavaraniy yuddh gunha' mananyachi magani kelee aahe. ekoon khajgi hitsambandhanchya rajkiy prabhavamule nyay, nuksanbharpai aanee jababdarishi sambandhit hanikarak parinamanmule kayadyatil punravlokananmadhye americetil khatalyachya prakriyet sudharana karanyachi magani dekhil kelee gelee aahe.
united states sarkarne jababdariche aavahan karnyasathi vyaktinsathi nagrik-teey-nagrik sanvad pratham 2006 madhye phorda foundation sthapan keela hota. nagarikanni eka kayadeshir marg shodhala jyadvare khajgi nagrik aanee dhorankarte agent aurenjachya varshala sambodhit karnyasathi susangat krutee yojana tayar karnyasathi ekatra kaam karoo shaktil. espen sanstha, vietnam rashtriy vidyapith aanee vietnam diggaj sanghatanechya sadasyancha samavesh asalela agent aurange/dioxinavaril us-vietnam sanvad gut heey yaa nagri pratisadache sarvat ullekhaneey udaharan aahe. agent aurenjala sambodhit karnyasathi dirghakalin karyakram aanee sadhyachya yojananchya sthitivar satat tapasanivar mothya pramanat laksh thewale jaate.
sarkari pratisad.
jokhim maheet asoonahi rasayanik dioxinchya vaparas parvanagi denyasathi kona jababdar asave yabaddal sarkari jababdariche prashna upasthit kele gele aahet. jyanni agent aurengecha vapar (vietnam yuddhachya velee) haah keval vhiet kongla parabhoot karnyache eka sadhan asalyache mhatale hote, tyancha assa vishvas navhata qee tyaa dalaline jineva protocolche ullanghan kele. yuddhadarmyan, sanyukt rashtranmadhye yuu. ess. chaa aarop karnare tharav mandanyat aale.ess. rasayanik aanee jaivik shastranchya vaparache niyaman karananya 1925 chya geneva protocolche ullanghan karat hote, matra tharavancha parabhav jhaala. vanaushadhichya vaparamule jhalelya vyapak paryavaraniy nukasanamule sanyukt rashtranna tharav 31/72 manjur karnyas aanee 1976 madhye paryavaran sudharana kararala manyata denyas pravrutt kele. anek rajye yala yuddhat vanaushadhi aanee defolientchya vaparavaril sampoorn bandee mhanoon pahat naheet.
samajik-rajkiy sandarbhamule ann-vartan sanshodhan tasech yaa sansthanni tayar kelelya vaidnyanik abhyasashi sambandhit satya ughad karnyachya sarkari sansthanchya kshamatevar nirbandh yetat asey mananyache kaaran aahe; yaa prakaranachya tapasat vyatyay aananyasathi kinwa tyat adthala aananyasathi sarkaranna protsahan miloo shakate.
sarkari jababdarichya abhavamule sambandhit nagrik gatanni atirikt upayatmak dhorane prastavit kelee aahet. espen sansthechya agent aurange/dioxinavaril us-vietnam sanvad gatane 16 juuna 2010 roji vhietanammadhil vanaushadhi prabhav hatalanyat sarkari sahbhagasathi aavahan karnyasathi 10 varshanchya krutee yojanechi sthapana kelee. yaa yojnet america aanee vhietnami sarkarne itar sarkare aanee engiosobat kaam karoon hanigrast parisansthanchi swachchata aanee shuddhikaran karnyasathi aanee narangi agentsmule vaidyakeey aanee sharirikdrushtya prabhavit jhalelya kutumbanparyant sevancha vistar karnyasathi daha varshant 3 kotee dollarschee guntavanuk karanyachi magani kelee aahe.
vaidnyanik aakshep.
agent aurenjachya parinamanvar sadhyache vaidnyanik ekmat assa nishkarsh kadhate qee tyaa velee shastradnyanni rasayan kitee vinashkari asoo shakate yavar chukiche nirnay ghetale. pratyakshottar' vaidnyanik punaravalokananni asey soochit kele aahe qee, yapaiki anek kathit vastunishtha abhyas, jeey santricha fayadeshir vapar karnyacha nishkarsh kadhatat, teey ajunahi vargikrut kelelya kagadpatranchya praveshavar aadharit hote aanee itar farse kahee navhate. kopesachya abhyasanusar, shastradnyanni varanvar rasayananche hanikarak parinam qamee kele aanee anubhavjanya puravyankade durlaksh kele.