
william alekzandar, 1lii earl auph sterling

william alekzandar, 1lii earl auph sterling (see. 1567 madhye menstree, clackmanenshire 12 februwari 1640) haah eka scottish darbari aanee kavee hota, joou charles killa, nantar poort-royal, 1629 madhye nova skotiya aanee newyorkmadheel long aayalandchya scottish vasahatikaranat sahbhagi hota. tyanchya sahityik karyanmadhye 'arora' (1604), 'daad monarkik tragedies' (1604) aanee 'doomus-day' (1614,1637) yancha samavesh aahe.
charitra.
prarambhik jeevan.
william alekzandar haah menstreecha alekzandar aanee mariancha mulga hota, joou eka alaan kautichi mulgi hotee. tyacha janm sterlingjavalil menstree killyat jhaala. heey kutumb june hote aanee johnn auph islechya madhyamatoon betancha swami somerladeche vanshaj asalyacha dawa keela jaat hota. 1580 madhye tyachya vadilanche nidhan jhaale aanee viliyamala tyachya kaka jameschya halchalinchi kalji ghenyache kaam sopavanyat aale hote, tyamule tyache shikshan kadachit halchal karananya vyakaran shalet jhaale asave. eka parampara aahe qee teey glassgo vidyapithat hote aanee tyanche mitra hothorndenche kavee william drummond yanchya matey, teey leiden vidyapithat vidyarthi hote.
eka tarun manus mhanoon, william earl auph argilcha shikshak banala aanee france, spain aanee italichya pravasamadhye tyachyabarobar gela. vilyamne 1604 purvi, surr vilyam erskinchi mulgi, janette hichyashi vivah keela, jee balgoni kutumbatil eka hotee. 
edinbergmadhil raja james sahava yachya darbarat, darbari-kavinchi bhoomika swikartana, aargilane tyachi olakh karoon dilee. 1603 madhye englandcha raja jhalyavar rajasobat londonla gelelya jyeshth kulinanpaiki too eka hota. 1603 madhye englandchya james pahilacha (skotlandcha james sahava) mulga prince charlesla tyala sajjan asharche sthan midale aanee 1625 madhye prince charles englandcha charles pahila banalyanantar darbarat tyachya bajoone rahila. 1607 madhye tyachya sasoola viliyamala vatoon ghenyasathi varshala £200 nivruttivetan midale aanee ardhe nivruttivetan erskinchya mrutyunantarhi chaloo rahile.
vilyamne eka kavee aanee prasbaddh shokantika lihinara lekhak mhanoon pratishtha nirman kelee aanee raja james pahila aanee sahava yanna 'daad solms auph king david' mhanoon olakhali jaanari, raja jamesney anuvadit keleli aanee charles pahilachya adhikarane prakashit keleli chhandbaddh aavrutti tayar karnyat madat kelee. jamesney 1609 madhye tyala nitechi padvi dilee aanee 1614 madhye tyala skotlandsathichya vinantyancha master mhanoon niyukt kele, prabhavipane tyacha khajgi sachiv. 1613 madhye tyane hothorndenche kavee william drummond yanchyashi patravyavahar suru keela, jeey menstree killyavar 1614 madhye jhalelya tyanchya bhetinantar ayushyabhar jawalikat pikalele hote, jithe alekzandar tyachya eka chhotya varshik bhetivar hota. 1615 madhye tyanna scottish prevy councilche sadasya karnyat aale. alekzandar haah julai 1634 pasoon mereechya chappel lodge, edinbergshee sambandhit eka sakriy freemason hota.
nova skotiya.
1621 madhye, raja james pahila yane tyala eka vishal pradeshacha mahapour mhanoon niyukt karnyasathi eka shahee sanad manjur kelee, jyacha vistar nova skotiyachya adhipatyakhali aanee baronymadhye karnyat aala (jyacha arth 'naveen scoatland' assa hoto); haah pradesh aata nova skotiya, nyu brunswick aanee uttar united stateschya kahee bhagandware olakhala jaato. nova skotiyachya baronetchya nirmiticha vapar naveen prantachya lagvadisathi keela gela, joou nantar canadachya bahutansh bhagacha samavesh karnyasathi (kiman kagdavar) vadhavanyat aala.
1626 madhye stirring yanchi scotlandche rajya sachiv mhanoon niyukti karnyat aalee aanee tyanni teey padd ayushyabhar bhushavale. laurd sterling vasahatikaranache prayatna qamee yashasvi tharale, kiman aarthik drushtine taree, kaaran tyachya bharatichya prayatnanmule naveen pradeshabaddal avastav aashvasne dilee gelee aanee alp atinvar deu karnyat aalee. tyane tyacha mulga william alekzandar (dhakata) yachya netrutvakhali charles killa, nantar poort-royal, nova skotiya yethe thodya kalasathi scottish vasahat sthapan kelee. tathapi, yaa prayatnanmule tyala tyache bahutansh bhagya gamvave lagale aanee jevha haah pradesh-aata canadache teen sagari prant aanee maine rajya-1632 madhye francela parat denyat aala, tevha too gamavala gela. too midvu shakala nahee
rajyacha pathimba asoonahi, tyachya nukasanichi bharpai mhanoon khajinyat 6,000 paund. tyanni tyanchi nantarchi varshe maryadit sadhansampattisaha ghalavali. tathapi, alekzandarchya tadjodine nova skotiyavar scottish davyancha aadhar pradan keela aanee tyachya baronetne nova skotiyacha coat auph arms aanee nova skotiyacha dhwaj pradan keela joou aajahi vaparat aahe.
lamb bett.
1630 madhye, raja charlesne tyala toolybodycha swami alekzandar aanee sterlingchi viscont banavoon tyachya sevecha puraskar deela. teen varshannantar, jevha charlesla holirudmadhye rajyabhishek karnyat aala, tevha 1633 madhye too canadacha earl aanee viscount canadacha earl aanee 1639 madhye dovancha earl banala.
22 april 1636 roji charlesne plymouth vasahatila, jyane lamb betavar dawa keela hota parantu tyavar vasahat kelee navhati, alekzandarla bett denyas sangitale. alekzandarne tyachya agent james farretchya madhyamatoon (jyala vaiyaktikaritya niwara bett aanee robbins bett midale), tyaa badalyat purvekadil bahutek bett naveen aashray vasahat aanee connecticut vasahatela vikale.
ingraji sarvbhaumatvacha dawa sadar karnyasathi farrett 1637 madhye nyu amsterdam yethe aala, parantu tyala atak karnyat aalee aanee hollandmadhil turungat pathvanyat aale, jithe too paloon gela. ingraji vasahatvadyanni 1640 madhye newyorkmadheel poort washington yethe gayichya khadimadhye sthayik honyacha prayatna keela, parantu sthanik nete penhawitz yanchya satarkatenantar dachanni tyanna atak kelee aanee tyanna yaa shirshakabaddal chukiche samajale asalyache sangoon sodoon dile. 1640 nantar, purvekadil lamb bett ingrajandware twarit vasavale gele, tarr paschim bhag 1674 paryant dutch rajvatikhali rahila.
mrutyu aanee uttaradhikar.
alekzandar 12 februwari 1640 roji londonmadhye maran pavala. tyachya jaagi tyacha natoo william alekzandar, sterlingcha dusra earl (ii. 1632-meey 1640), eka mool jyacha tyach varshi mrutyu jhaala. tisra earl, heinry alekzandar (mrutyu 1650), haah pahila earl, william alekzandarcha dusra mulga hota.
sahityik kaame.
alekzandar haah sataravya shatkachya suruvatila scotland aanee englandmadhil sarvat uchch manalya jaananya scottish kavinpaiki eka hotah hothorndencha william drummond, arther johnston, andrew ramsey, michael drayton, samuel daniele aanee harfordcha johnn davis yanni tyachi prashansa kelee. alekzandarche sarvat june kaam bahudha 'arora' (london, 1604) hote, jyache varnan tyachya shirshak-prushthavar 'lekhakachya yuvavasthetil pahile fancy' mhanoon kele gele hote aanee elizabethan petrarchan sonetchya sangrahat hii eka usheera bharr padali aahe. tyanchi 'crossus, darius, alexandrian' aanee 'julius seasure' hii jawalchi natake 'daad monarkik tragedies' mhanoon ekatra prakashit jhaali (london, 1604; 1607,1616,1637 madhye pudhil aavrutya). daniele cadmanchya matey, yaa natkanmadhye alekzandar 'prajasattak swarupachya sarkarchya mulyanchi chaukashi karato aanee nirankush shasananchya rajkiyadrushtya upekshit prajechya hatashanna aavaj deto'.
alekzandarche sarvat bhavya karya mhanje jagachya samaptiche varnan karnari eka mahakavya kavita, 'kayamat-divas'. too pratham chaar pustakanmadhye (edinberg, 1614) aanee nantar baaraa pustakanmadhye (londonmadhye chhapalelya alekzandarchya kamachi sankalit aavrutti, 1637) prakashit jhaala. ekoon sumare 1,400 aath olinchya charanancha samavesh asaleli hii kavita pahilya 'taas' madhye jaagtik itihasachya saranshasah suru hote, tyanantar prani, yuddhat mrut, murtipujak, raje, papi, baybalmadhil patre aanee shevati, swargiy yajmananche sadasya jeey antim nirnayat disatil tyanchi lamb soochi pradan karate. alekzandarchi paddhat french protestant kavee gillaum dii saluste duu bartaschi runee hotee; drummondne hastalikhit kavita 'suur leesa ouvress poetics dii gillaum alekzandar, siyur dii mainstray' chya shirshakat natesambandh sweekarle.
alekzandarne james vhee aanee aay yanchyasobat stotranchya naveen vyakhyanachya eka bhagavar sahyog keela, phillip sidneychya 'arcadia' chaa eka bhag rachala, joou sidneychya apoorn sudharit aavruttitil 3 yaa pustakachya shevtala 1593 chya majkurachya shevtala jodato aanee 'anakrisisah kinwa kahee kavincha pracheen aanee aadhunik teeka' (see. 1635). "anacrisis" chee suruvat sahityachya aanandavar pratibimbit karoon hoteh
haah parichhed alekzandarne tyachya sahityik upkramanna (jeey bahutek vela tyachya mainstery estatemadhye ghadale) eka assa upkram mhanoon dilele moolya darshavito joou eka rajkarani aanee vasahatvadi mhanoon tyachya sarvajanik jivanapasun vegala hota parantu purak hota. kharokharach, 'muses swatahla punha tayar qaraa' haah vakyansh tyachya kamanchya sankalit aavruttichya shirshakamadhye punha disala, 'muses manoranjan' (1637).
varsa.
canadachya tatarakshak dalane tyanchya sanmanarth see. see. jee. laa 'surr william alekzandar' asey naav dile aahe.