
ess. emm.-65dii atlus

ess. emm.-65dii atlus kinwa atlus dii hii yoochi pahili karyanvit aavrutti hotee.ess. atlus kshepanastra. up kakshiy prakshepavkravar anvastra payload pohochavanyasathi atlus deacha vapar pahilyanda aantarkhandiy ballistic kshepanastra (aay. see. bii. emm.) mhanoon karnyat aala. nantar pruthvichya khalchya kakshet payload vahoon nenyasathi aanee nantar bhoo-samkalik kakshet, chandra, shukra kinwa mangalavar ejena kinwa centaurchya varchya tappyavar nenyasathi teey prakshepan vahan mhanoon vikasit karnyat aale.
atlus dii heey cape canveral havai dall sthanakatun, prakshepan sankul 11,12,13 aanee 14 yethe aanee prakshepan sankul 576 yethe wandenberg havai dall talavarun prakshepit karnyat aale.
purnapane karyarat dii-sirij atlus heey aar andd dii model atlus bii aanee see sarkhech hote, parantu chachani uddanandarmyan shikalelya dhadyancha parinam mhanoon amalat aanalelya anek rachana badalancha samavesh keela. yavyatirikt, dii-maliket atlas bii/seechya enginemadhil thrust viruddha thrusts phul-up rocketdine emm. aii.-2 pranodan pranali hotee. karyarat atlus dii kshepanastranni kahee sanshodhan aanee vikas prakshepananvyatirikt redio ground margadarshan kayam thewale, jyanni atlus eae/efsathi tayar kelelya jadatviy margadarshan pranalichi chachani kelee aanee atlus dii haah etalasachya bahutek space launcher prakaransathi aadhar asel.
itihas.
1959.
14 april 1959 roji ell. see.-13 pasoon kshepanastra 3dii prakshepit karoon atlus dii chachani karyakram suru jhaala. enginechi suruvat nehmipramane suru jhaali, parantu locks bharane/drain zadap yogyaritya bund jhaleli nahee heey patkan spasht jhaale. jore vibhagachya payathyabhovati locks pasarla, tyanantar aar. pii.-1 bharan/drain zadapatun galatee jhaali. tyanantar pranodak misalale aanee prakshepan kendravar sphot jhaala. khulya locks bharan/drain zadapamule, etalasachya pranodak pranalila indhanacha pravah aanee daab qamee jhaala jyamule bii-2 engine keval 65 takke jorane karya karoo lagale. asantulit dabamule, atlus tirkas konat uchalala gela, jyamule prakshepkane dharoon thevalelya bahunpaiki eka haat yogyaritya mage hatnyapasun dekhil rokhala gela. tyanantarchya chitrapat punaravalokanat asey disun aale qee prakshepak sodalyamule kinwa pranodak sphotamule kshepanastrache konatehi spasht nuksan jhaale nahee. locks feed pranalivar dabav qamee jhalyamule pranodak nalika phutali aanee parinami sphot jhaala jyamule booster vibhag kshepanastrapasun door gela, tevha uddan niyantran pranali tii + 26 sekandanparyant kshepanastra sthirata rakhanyat yashasvi jhaali. tii + 36 sekandanvar rainz sefty distruct kamand jaaree hoiparyant atlus tyachya swatachya aagichya margavaril mage budale. kshepanastra nasht hoiparyant snrakshak aanee verniers karyarat rahile. itar serve kshepanastra pranali sankshipt uddanadarmyan changlya prakare karya karat hotya aanee locks bharane/drain zadap bighad heey phulpakharu actuator shaftchya bighadamule jhaale, bahudha kahee aathvadyanpurvi uddanpurv sajjtechya golibaradarmyan, mhanoon kshepanastra 26 dii saha suru honari atlus vahane aluminiumaivaji steelpasoon banavalele aquator vaparnar hotee. indhan bharan/nichara zadapatun galatee hone heey prakshepanpurv ulatee ganana darmyanchya ayogya prakriyeshi sambandhit asalyache aadhalun aale aanee locks bharan/nichara zadap samasyeshi teey jodalele navhate. ell. see.-13 chey atlus 3deechya visangatipurna uddanamule kahee nuksan jhaale, tyachi twarit durusti karnyat aalee aanee 5dii kshepanastrachya prakshepanasathi tayari suru jhaali.
18 meey roji, ell. see.-14 pasoon aar. vhee. ex.-2 punarpravesh vahanachya ratri prakshepanasathi atlus 7dii tayar karnyat aale hote, see-sirijchya etalasachya prakshepanantar eka udavanyacha dusra prayatna done mahinyanpurvi garbhpat jhaala hota. paryachya antaralviranna kakshet nenare vahan dakhavanyasathi upasthit asalelya chakmakisah chachani ghenyat aalee, parantu 64 sekandanche uddan dusarya sphotat sampale, jyamule gus grissomne tippani karnyas pravrutt kele qee "aapan kharokharach tyapaiki eka goshtivar pohochanar aahot qaa?"heey apayash ujavya prakshepak hold-daun pinchya ayogya pruthakkaranamule aadhalale, jyamule bii-2 nassel sanrachaneche nuksan jhaale aanee chadhaidarmyan helium daab vayoo baher padala. prakshepanantar 62 sekandat, locks takimadhil daab aar. pii.-1 takimadhil dabapeksha jaast hota, jyamule madhyavarti bulkhead ulatala. done sekandannantar kshepanastracha sphot jhaala. chitrapatachya punaravalokanat pushti jhaali qee ujavya prakshepak bahumadhil hold-daun piin uddanadarmyan mage hatanyat ayashasvi jhaala aanee kshepanastratun tyala dhakka basala. parinami aalelya balamule bii-2 nassel sanrachanet chaar inch antar nirman jhaale jyamule qamee dabachya helium reshahi kharab jhalya. ujavya prakshepak bahumadhil bail crank killi pranalimadhye katarane tikavoon thevana boltmule hold-daun piin mage hutley navhati. punha ekada, etalasmadhil itar serve pranali changlya prakare karya karat hotya aanee prakshepkachya bighadamule thet karanibhoot naan houu shakanari konatihi samasya navhati. 7ditchyyaa uddanamule see. see. aii. madhye prakshepak upkarnansathichya dekhbhalichya prakriyet sudharana jhaali aanee bail crank retaining boltmadhye uchch ushma steelcha vapar jhaala.
6 juuna roji ell. see.-13 varoon atlus 5dii uchalanyat aala. booster pruthakkaran hoiparyant uddan uttam prakare chalale, tyaa velee indhanachi galatee suru jhaali. madhyavarti bulkhead tii + 157 sekandanvar ulatat nahee aanee kshepanastracha sphot hoiparyant takicha daab qamee jhaala. hii ghatana yaa varshachya suruvatila jhalelya 'see' atlasachya apayashashi tharalyapramanech hotee aanee parinami mothya pramanat tapas aanee punarrachana karnyacha prayatna jhaala. apayashacha muddah ektar indhan staging disconnect zadap kinwa sambandhit naljodani hota aanee disconnect zadap, naljodani, booster separation system, jetizen track aanee agadi prakshepak yantranet dekhil badal karnyat aale, heey serve bighadachi sambhavya karane hotee. 29 julai roji, mageel atlus prakshepanatil samasya sudharanyasathi tayar kelelya badalanchya malikesah kshepanastra 11dii prakshepit karnyat aale. uddan bahutek yashasvi jhaale aanee booster vibhag vegale karane prathamach dii-sirijchya etalasvar yashasviritya kele gele, parantu locks galatimule enginechya dabyatil tapman qamee jhalyamule hydraulic pranalimadhye kahee adachani aalya. 11 august roji ell. see.-13 pasoon prakshepit 14dii kshepanastra, tyaa velee havai dalane kahee pramanat anichhene kshepanastra pranali mhanoon atlas karyarat asalyache ghoshit kele. 9 september roji, wandenberg havai dalachya talavarun kshepanastra 12dii prakshepit karnyat aale, jeey paschim kinanyavaril pahile atlus uddan hote. 1959 madhye dii-sirij aay. see. bii. emm. chya aanakhi aath chachanya ghenyat aalya, tasech atlus dii vahanancha vapar karoon done antaral prakshepan karnyat aale. jaree vividh prakarchya kirkol apayashancha aanee hardware bagcha yaa uddananvar parinam jhaala asala, taree varshachya purvardhat ekoon yash darat mothee sudharana jhaali.
29 aktoobar roji 26 dii kshepanastrala vhee-1 vernierche akali bund honyacha anubhav aala jevha jahajavaril camera package hastakshepamule kshepanastravaril jaminivaril margdarshanache taale tatpurte nasht jhaale. parinam lakshyabinduchya qamee antaravar jhaala.
atlasvaril vadhatya aatmavishvasamule, pahilya mojkya atlas eae uddane tasech antaral prakshepan vagalata pii. eff. aar. eff. (purv-uddan tayari golibar) chachanya sodoon denyacha nirnay ghenyat aala. 1959chee antim chachani, 19 december roji kshepanastra 40dii, madhye 'dry' start paddhat vaparali gelee (enginechya nalyanmadhye nishkriy drav nahee). haah prayog konatyahi spasht samasyanshivay yashasvi jhaala. 1960chee pahili chaar atlus uddane, teen see. see. aii. ess. aanee eka waffob prakshepan, mothya pramanat yashasvi jhaali. 6 dii roji, jaminivaril margadarshan pranalimadhye anek bighad jhaale-tii + 175 sekandanvar banavat yau aadesh pathvanyat aale aanee kshepanastravaril jaminivaril margadarshan lock jawaljawal done minitansathi haravala. vernier ekal tappyachya pahilya 14 sekandansathi heey kshepanastra uddanat asthir rahile. shivay, tii + 278 sekandanvar chukicha veko signal pathvanyat aala hota parantu kshepanastra programarne ughadya paripathamule tyavar karvai kelee nahee. vico haah tii + 282 sekandat honar hota parantu vareel karanastav jhaala nahee aanee tyaeivaji programarne tayar kelelya backup signaldware 12 sekandannantar too keela gela. kshepanastra lakshya kshetrachya aat kosalale.
1960.
5 march 1960 roji, kshepanastra 19dii, wafab yethe 576-aii2 varr pranodak bharit karnyacha sarav karat asatana, indhan galatimule padver aag lagali jyamule kshepanastracha sphot jhaala. nuksan jhalyamule prakshepan suvidha radd karnyat aalee aanee jawaljawal 5 varshe punha vaparali gelee nahee.
8 march 1960 roji, aayagchya (serve jadatviy margadarshan pranali) pahilya chachanivar ell. see.-11 pasoon 44dii kshepanastra prakshepit karnyat aale aanee uddanadarmyan 90° roll kshanik anubhavala. aayag hii samasya durust karnyat yashasvi jhaala aanee kshepanastrane eka yashasvi lobb downerange purn kele.
yashasvi atlus chachanyanchya yaa malikemule, karyakram adhikanyanna surakshitatechya bhavnemadhye dhakalanyat aale jeey 11 march roji ell. see.-13 varoon atlus 51dii uchalalyavar uddhatpane sampale. bii-1 enginela jwalan asthiratecha samna karava lagla jyamule uddananantar done sekandat jore qamee jhaala. eka sphotamule jore vibhag tutala, tyanantar pranodak takya sanrachanatmakdrushtya apayashi tharalya, jyamule prachand agnigolkamadhye atlus parat ell. see.-13 varr padala. 8 april roji jevha ell. see.-11 pasoon prakshepit aanee aayagchi pahili bund-loop chachani (serve jadatviy margadarshan pranali) mhanoon uddisht asalelya 48dii kshepanastrane punha jwalan asthirata anubhavali, tevha atlas punha kamgirisathi gela, yaveli bii-2 enginemadhye. samasyeche pahile sanket mhanje bii-2 jwalan kakshatil daab vaadh, tyanantar asthir jore, engine bund aanee sphot jyamule jore vibhagat aag lagali. tyanantar bii-1 engine bund hote, tyanantar sustainer aanee verniers. pranodan pranalila puresa jore naan midalyamule, prakshepak hold-daun yantranene kshepanastra sodale nahee, jeey jaagich rahile aanee padver jalale. prakshepan prayatnannantar 15 sekandanni thrust section firecha veg qamee jhaala, nantar sumare 45 sekandanni punha suru jhaala. 60 sekandat, pranodak takya futalya tevha atlus purnapane nasht jhaala.
ekapathopath eka honanya apayashachya uddananantarchya vishleshanat asey aadhalun aale qee pratyek prakaranat, kshepanastra eka booster enginemadhil khadbadit jwalanala balee padale hote, jyamule locks injectorche doke nasht jhaale (51 deveryl injectorche nuksan 48 dii peksha jaast hote) aanee jore vibhagat aag lagali. donhi kshepanastranmadhye, bii-1 enginemadhil ruff combussion cutoff sensor karya karnyat ayashasvi tharala. 48 dii varr, tyaa enginemadhye khadbadit jwalan jhaale nahee aanee aar. see. see. cutoffcha abhav hii samasya navhati (tyaeivaji turbopump overspeed sensardware bii-1 thrust sampavala gela). bii-2 aar. see. see. sanvedak yogyaritya karyarat hota aanee uddan honyapurvich jore bund keela. 51 dii roji, yacha parinam mhanoon bii-1 kshepanastra uchalale jaiparyant karyarat rahile, parinami vidhvansak padd fallback jhaala. emm. aii.-2 enginechya sthir jwalan chachanyanmadhye heey eka dozenhoon adhik vela ghadale asale taree kharkharit jwalan honyache nemke kaaran aspasht hote. tathapi, heey nondavale gele qee gass generator vent paipsathi swatantra exaust duct ell. see.-11 aanee ell. see.-13 yaa donhimadhun kadhoon taknyat aala hota, jevha abhiyantyanni heey anavashyak asalyache tharavale aanee jaminivaril chachanidarmyan paipavar snrakshak cover kadhoon taknyat aanee basavanyat adthala aanala. exaust ductchya kamtaratecha apayashashi kahee sambandh aahe qaa heey nishchitpane nishchit kele jaau shakat nahee aanee konatyahi paristhitit, camera coveragene yaa siddhantachya samarthanarth konatahi purava deela nahee. tathapi, karyarat atlus kshepanastra sayalochya sanrachaneche palan karnyasathi aanee 'nyayya babatit' upay mhanoon see. see. aii. ess. yetheel atlus padver exaust duct parat thevanyacha nirnay ghenyat aala. donhi kshepanastranvaril insulation butanmadhye kelele samayojan dekhil apayashache sambhavya kaaran mhanoon nakarle gele. exaust duct punha sthapit karnyavyatirikt, ignitionchya velee flame deflector pitche camera coverage dekhil vadhavale jaeel aanee booster engine dooshit padarthanpasun mukt asalyachi khatri karnyasathi adhik prayatna kele jaatil. ayashasvi jhalyas aar. see. see. sensorsmadhye atirikt backup accelerometer jodanyat aala. done prakshepan suvidhanchi aata durusti karanyachi garaj hotee. ell. see.-13 chey 51 dii. chya fallbackmule gambhir nuksan jhaale hote aanee teey punha sahaa mahine vaparale jaanar navhate, tarr ell. see.-11 chey nuksan qamee vyapak hote aanee durusti keval done mahinyant purn jhaali. punarsthapanantar, ell. see.-13 chey rupantar atlus eae madhye karnyat aale aanee pudhil dii-malika chachanya aayojit kelya jaanar naheet. ell. see.-12 kadey laksh vedhale gele, jithe atlus 56dii haah bharatiy mahasagaravar parinam karananya, eka upkaranyukt naak shankupasoon udala.
back-too-back padd sphotannantar, engine suru karane suralit karnyasathi dry startcha ayashasvi prayog karnyaivaji etalasvar ole start (enginechya nalikanmadhye nishkriy drav) vaparnyakade parat jaanyacha nirnay ghenyat aala. atlus 56dii (20 meey roji prakshepit) heey 48 dii nantarche pahile purv kinarpatti prakshepan hote aanee tyat prakshepan kartana nassel vibhaganmadhye khalee pahanyasathi donhi prakshepak shirshanvar basavalelya cameans prakshepan suvidhanmadhye badal samavisht kele gele, tasech nauu mahinyant ell. see.-12 pasoonche pahile uddan hote kaaran mageel septembermadhye atlus 9 seechya sphotat padche mothe nuksan jhaale hote. tyanantar atlus 45dii heey ejana vahan midas upgrah prakshepit karnyasathi vaparale gele.
ell. see.-11 pasoon 54dii kshepanastra yashasviritya prakshepit karnyat aale, aata 48deechya sphotatoon durusti karnyat aalee, 11 juuna roji. tyanantar 22 juuna roji 62dii kshepanastra prakshepit karnyat aale, jeey 48dii nantarche pahile korade engine suru jhaale, tasech paaraa aii. ess. aay. ess. pranalichi pahili chachani hotee. uddan mothya pramanat yashasvi jhaale, matra open circuitmule programmerla ichchit tii + 300 sekandat margadarshan pranalitoon vico discreet prapt jhaala nahee. programarchya backup kamandane aath sekandannantar veko sadar keela, parinami aar. vhee. apekshitatepeksha 18 mail (28 kiimii) adhik khalchya shreneet utarala. 28 juuna roji 27dii heey kshepanastra yashasvi jhaale.
2 julai roji prakshepit kelele kshepanastra 60dii. vernier start takya anavdhanane udyadarmyan anek vela vikshepit aanee punha bharalya gelya. yamule niyantran helium qamee jhaale aanee pranodan pranalichya karyakshamatet kshay jhaala aanee tyamule marqa III modd 1 bii punarpravesh vahan tyachya ichchit lakshyabindupeksha kahise qamee padale. engine rile niyantran petimadhye vidyut bighad jhalyacha sanshay hota.
paschim kinanyavaril atlus dii chachanyanmadhye pudhil kahee mahinyant ioc chachani suru jhaali tevha dekhil anek truti aalya. 51 dii aanee 48 dii pasoon uddananantarchya nishkarshanantar vilamb jhalyanantar, 22 april roji 576 bii-1 yaa shavpetichya talapasoon atlus 25 dii neey yashasviritya uddan kele hote. pudhil prayatna 6 meey roji 23 dii hota. samanya uddananantar, khelpatti aanee roll kram tii + 21 sekandanvar suru hotach niyantran ayashasvi houu lagale. tii + 26 sekandanvar rainz sefty distruct kamand pathavanyapurvi kshepanastrane done cartwheels sadar kelya. yaa apayashache kaaran pitch gyromadhil wiring aavaranala sampark sadhane aanee gyro motorla lahan karane heey hote. margadarshan pranalicha darr deepastambh dekhil uddanaveli ayashasvi jhaala, tyamule uddan suru rahile asate tarr kshepanastrala konatehi swatantra margadarshan aadesh prasarit karane ashakya jhaale asate. motarchya ayogya gatichya mandanimule kinwa torking signalmule pitch gyro ayashasvi jhalyamule atlus 74dii (22 julai) prakshepanachya 70 sekandat tutala. 47 dii kshepanastrane (12 september) gass generatorla helium niyantran daab qamee jhalyamule tii + 220 sekandanpasun suru honara sthir daab gamavala. tikavoon thevanara yantra tii + 268 sekandat purnapane bund jhaale aanee kshepanastra lakshya kshetrapasun 480 mail (772 kiimii) antaravar padale. uddananantarche vishleshan katheen karane heey veej bighadamule tii + 109 sekandanvar telemetry detache mothe nuksan hote, parinami urvarit uddanasathi keval 13 telemetry mojmap sakriy rahile. 33dii kshepanastra (29 september) tyachya booster vibhagala staging karnyat ayashasvi tharale jevha staging vidyut disconnect plug tii + 125 sekandanvar baher kadhala gela; tyacha lakshya kshetrachya qamee bhagavar parinam jhaala. 81 dii (13 aktoobar) ayashasvi jhaala jevha locks drut disconnect pressure sensor liftofchya velee ushma kavach haravalyamule kharab jhaala. parinami, takichya daab pranalila takichya dabat ghat jhalyache chukun jaanavale aanee takichi daab patali vadhavanyasathi tee helium taknyas suruvat kelee. donhi pranodak takyanmadhil daab tii + 39 sekandanni vadhu lagla aanee jevha locks takichya atee dabane tii + 71 sekandanvar madhyavarti bulkhead futale tevha kshepanastra swayam-nasht jhaale.
2 august roji ell. see.-12 pasoon 32dii kshepanastra prakshepit karnyacha prayatna kartana, sustainer aar. see. see. sensor ghasarala aanee svayanchalit bund karnyat aala. sustainer thrust chembarmadhye pinhole galatee asalyache aadhalun aale. teey kadhoon takale gele aanee vegalya engines adlabadal karnyat aale aanee saat divasannantar 32dii yashasviritya prakshepit karnyat aale. yanantar, 12 august roji 66dii yashasviritya prakshepit karnyat aale parantu tyacha aarvhi samudrat budala aanee too parat midavata aala nahee.
varshabharat see. see. aii. ess. kadoon aanakhi paach atlus dii chachanya yashasvi jhalya, tyaa 76 dii, 79 dii, 71 dii, 55 dii aanee 83 dii hotya. ell. see.-14 madheel kshepanastra 79dii heey shevatche chachani uddan hote, jeey anyatha paryachya prakalpasathi nasakade supurd kele gele hote, parantu julaimadhye paryache-atlus 1 ayashasvi jhalyamule uddananmadhye barach vilamb jhaala aanee tyamule ell. see.-14 tatpurte vaparnyasathi vinamulya hote. yaa pattyatil sarvat ullekhaneey uddan 13 aktoobar roji atlus 71dii hote, jyat teen under aanee jaivik naak shankoot itar prayog hote, jyane kepavar ell. see.-11 pasoon eka khand downerange yashasviritya purn kele. yaa kshepanastrane uddanaveli konatyahi sambhavya white parinamanshivay konatyahi thambavalelya veleshivay dry start paddhaticha vapar keela aanee bii-1 aanee sustainer thrustmadhye kahee sekandanpurvi aspasht ghat vagalata serve havetil pranalinni changli kamgiri kelee. yache kaaran indhan margatil sambhavya adthala asey mhatale gele. naak shankuvar lavalelya cameanni capsule vegale kelyanantar kharch kelelya etalasache chhayachitra kadhale.
1961-62.
dii-sirij kshepanastrache antim sanshodhan aanee vikas uddan, atlus 90dii, 23 janewari 1961 roji ell. see.-12 pasoon yashasviritya prakshepit karnyat aale. varshabharat wafab yethoon chaar karyarat atlus dii uddane yashasvi jhaali aanee 1962 chee pahili teen uddane dekhil konatyahi adthalyashivay gelee. 21 februwari 1962 roji 576-bii3 pasoon wafab yethe atlus 52dii prakshepit karnyat aala. uddanadarmyan asamanya jore vibhag tapman lavkar aale aanee tikavoon thevanare aanee vernier tii + 49 sekandanpasun bund jhaale. booster engine tii + 58 sekandat jore kshay anubhavala, tyanantar tii + 68 sekandat jore purnapane qamee jhaala aanee paach sekandannantar kshepanastra tutale. booster engine gass generatormadhil galatimule heey apayash aadhalun aale jyamule thrust section atiushna jhaale aanee enginecha thrust qamee jhaala aanee johnn glenchya paryachya prakshepanantar keval paach tasanni heey ghadale, jyamule atlas ajunahi vishvasarh vahanapasoon door hota.
52 dii nantarche pudhche uddan kshepanastra 134 dii (24 march) hote, jeey rashtrapati kenedi yanni pahile, jeey vafabcha daura karat hote. tyanantar salag aath yashasvi atlus dii operational uddane jhaali, jyapaiki kahinni nayaki-zius lakshya kshepanastranchi chachani ghetali. 2 aktoobar roji, pranodak zadap anavdhanane bund jhalyamule vernier injine tii + 33 sekandanvar bund jhaali tevha kshepanastra 4dii ayashasvi jhaale. pranodak feed pranaline varniyarsasathiche serve pranodak sustainer enginemadhye pathavale, jeey tyachya sanrachanechya maryadechya palikade atee dabalele hote. jaast dabachya patalivarun futalyamule aanee kshepanastra tyachya lakshyapeksha andaje qamee padalyamule, tikavoon thevanara tii + 181 sekandanvar bund jhaala. vernier bund jhalyanantar booster injindware roll niyantran rakhale gele hote, nantar bii. oo. oo. nantar teey haravale. varshabharat aanakhi teen atlus dii uddane yashasvi jhaali.
1963.
1962 madhye uchch patalivaril yash midalyanantar, dii-malikechya uddan vikramane 1963 madhye aanakhi white valan ghetale. varshatil pahile uddan, kshepanastra 39dii, 25 janewari roji madhyaratrinantar lagechach wab yethe 576-bii 2 varoon uchalale gele. tii + 86 sekandanpasun suru houn, vhee-2 vernier bund jhaale aanee tyanantar bii-1 engine gimbling niyantran gamavale, telemetry power failure aanee booster thrust kshay jhaala. tikavoon thevanara tii + 108 sekandanvar aanee booster tii + 126 sekandanvar bund hoto. kshepanastra kosalale, tutale aanee sumare 99 mail (159 qii. mea.) khalchya shrenivar parinam jhaala. telemetrychya aakadevaritun vijevar chalana uddanadarmyan asamanyapane uchch daab vibhagache tapman disun aale; suruvatila indhan galatee aanee aag lagalyacha sanshay hota parantu prakshepan chitrapatane ayogyaritya jodalela insulation boot ughad keela joou uddanadarmyan baher aala. tyanantar teen atlus dii. ess. neey nayaki-zius lakshya kshepanastranchi yashasviritya chachani ghetali. marchmadhye, vajan qamee karnyasathi aanee kshepanastranna shakya titkya lamb pallyasathi udanyas parvanagi denyasathi kiman telemetries operational sack chachanyanchi malika paar padali gelee-paach atlus dii aanee eff uddane. pahila 102 dii haah 576-bii 3 pasoon 10 march roji prakshepit karnyat aala. kshepanastra udalyanantar lagechach niyantranabaher padoo lagale aanee 320° loop kelyanantar tii + 33 sekandanvar swayam-nasht jhaale, padchya sabhovatalachya bhagat jwalansheel avasheshancha paus padala. jaree kahee vastoo telemeter kelelya asatya, taree prakshepanpurv countdown darmyan telemetry pranali ayashasvi jhaali aanee chitrapatane niyantran gamavanyache konatehi spasht kaaran ughad kele nahee, parantu punarprapt avasheshanna aadhalale qee pitch gyro ektar chaalat navhata kinwa firanyacha veg khoop qamee hota aanee 102 dii ajunahi junya prakarchya bii gyro dabe vaparat hote jyat spin motor rotation detection system (ess. emm. aar. dii.) navhati. ess. emm. aar. dii. chee kalpana 1958 madhye kelee gelee hotee, jevha pahila atlus bii nishkriy yau gayaromule uddanat ayashasvi jhaala hota, parantu 1961 paryant atlus vahananmadhye tappyatappyane kele gele navhate. kshepanastra 102 dii naveen prakarchya dii gyrosemadhye upgraded kele gele navhate jyamadhye ess. emm. aar. dii. hote aanee wefab yetheel atlus inventorychya twarit tapasanimadhye bii prakaratil gyrosah aanakhi done kshepanastre sapadali. tyanchya jaagi prakalp paryapasoon atirikt prakarchya dii dabe lavale gele.
12 march roji 64 deechya yashasvi uddananantar, 46 dii (15 march) heey kshepanastra apayashi tharale jevha tikavoon thevanare hydraulic rises-auph heat shiild tutale. vikiranit ushnatemule vadhiv disconnect zadap ayashasvi jhaali, parinami tikavoon thevana engine hydraulic drav nasht jhaale. tikavoon thevanare aanee vernier niyantran tii + 83 sekandanpasun suru honyat ayashasvi jhaale, parantu kshepanastra sthirata tii + 137 sekandanparyant tikavoon thevanyat aalee. booster jetisannantar, kshepanastra uddanat asthir jhaale. seko tii + 145 sekandanvar jhaala aanee prabhav andaje 500 mail (804 kiimii) khalchya shreneet jhaala. hii ghatana teen mahinyanpurvi ayashasvi jhalelya atlus-agena prakshepanachi jawaljawal punaravrutti hotee aanee pudhil junmadhye aanakhi eka atlus-agena nantar hydraulic rises-auph heat shieldchya nuksanala balee padlyanantar, ushma kavach punha design kele gele. aay. see. bii. emm. nasale taree, check volve heey atlus ess. ell. vhee. ess. chya hydraulic pranalivar basavale gele hote.
193dii kshepanastra 16 march roji prakshepit karnyat aale, jeey 'stripped' sack chachanyanchya ulat purn telemetries samanya operational chachani malikecha bhag hote. jevha thrust sectionche tapman vadhu lagale, tevha tii + 76 sekandanparyant kshepanastrachi kamgiri nammatra hotee. khelpattichi sthirata tii + 103 sekandat gamavali gelee aanee tikavoon thevanare hydraulic niyantran tii + 149 sekandat ayashasvi jhaale. bii. eae. oo. tii. + 135 sekandanchya velet jhaala aanee tyacha parinam andaje 390 mail (627 qii. mea.) khalchya shreneet jhaala. yaa uddanamule engine insulation butansathi sudharit pratishthapan aanee shivankam jhaale. dii-maliketil karyanvit chachanya done mahinyansathi sthagit karnyat aalya, tarr 1963chya pahilya kahee mahinyant aalelya samasya sudharanyasathi prayatna karnyat aale. tyanantar 198dii neey 12 juuna roji nayaki-zius chachani yashasviritya kelee. julai-augustmadhye done karyanvit aay. see. bii. emm. chachanya dekhil yashasvi jhalya.
7 september roji kshepanastra 63dii laa tii + 110 sekandanvar vayugatikiy ushnatemule futaleli vernier hydraulic resha jhaali. tikavoon thevanare aanee vernier heey kaam honyapurvich bund jhaale aanee moheem ayashasvi jhaali. 12 september roji, 84 dii neey vernier ekal tappyachya shevatchya kahee sekandanmadhye hydraulic apayashacha anubhav ghetala aanee lakshyavar warhead utarale nahee. yaa kshepanastrat tapmanache parikshan navhate, parantu thrust section atiushna asalyacha sanshay hota. 7 aktoobar roji, madhyavarti bulkhead ulatale tevha tii + 75 sekandanvar kshepanastra 163dii chaa sphot jhaala. uddananantarchya tapasat asey aadhalun aale qee prakshepan dalane heliumchya batalyanmadhye apurya thund vayucha bhaar takala hota, parinami pranodak takyanmadhye heliumcha pravah qamee jhaala, jyamule chadhaidarmyan dabav qamee jhaala.
13 november roji kshepanastra 158dii hii shevatchi karyanvit atlus dii kshepanastra chachani hotee. tauu + 112 sekandanparyant uddan samanya hote jevha sthir hydraulic daab qamee houu lagla, tyanantar paach sekandannantar kshepanastra sphot jhaala. haah karyakramacha antim tappa asalyane, vimanane uddananantar purn tapas keela nahee aanee hydraulic apayashache kaaran nishchit kele gele nahee. 1963 madhye aanakhi eka atlus dii, 18 december roji ebres aar. vhee. chachani yashasviritya udavanyat aalee.
1964-67.
23 april 1964 roji, prakalp aag bhag mhanoon see. see. aii. ess. ell. see.-12 pasoon kshepanastra 263dii prakshepit kele gele, hii up-kakshiy chachanyanchi eka malika aahe jee apolo kamand module ablative heat shiild samagrichi padtalani karnyasathi tayar kelee gelee aahe. teen varshanhun adhik kaal kepmadhun udavalela haah pahila suborbital atlus dii hota. varshabharat vhee. aii. eff. bii. kadoon paach aar. vhee./nayaki-zius chachanyanni tyanchi bahutek dhyey sadhya kelee.
1965 chya suruvatila atlus aay. see. bii. emm. karyakram purn jhaala, matra tyanantar anek varshe vividh kakshiy aanee up kakshiy mohimesathi vafabvaroon nutanikaran keleli kshepanastre udavali jaat rahili. janewari teey april 1965 yaa kalavadhit dii-sirij kshepanastrancha vapar karoon aar. vhee./nayaki-ziyasachi sahaa yashasvi uddane karnyat aalee. 22 meey roji, 264 dii kshepanastra vaparoon kepmadhun dusari prakalp agni chachani ghenyat aalee.
1965 darmyan, oo. vhee. (kakshet firnare vahan) uddane haah aanakhi eka naveen karyakram vikasit jhaala, joou prayogik vaidnyanik shengancha eka sanch hota. jevha chukichya prakare seet kelelya sustainer puu zadapamule indhan qamee hote aanee akali seeko hote tevha atlus 172dii vaparnyacha pahila prayatna garbhpat jhaala. margdarshak pranaline shenga vegale karanyachi aadnya jaaree kelee nahee, jeey vatavarnamadhye punha pravesh karat jaloon khaq jhalyamule tikavoon thevana vibhagashi jodalele rahile. 28 meey roji 68dii kshepanastracha vapar karoon kelela dusra prayatna, aanakhi mothee apayashi tharali, jevha chadhaidarmyan locks galatimule prakshepanantar done minitant thrust sectioncha sphot jhaala. booster jettison yashasviritya kele gele asale taree, sphotamule jhalelya nukasanimule shevati sthir bund aanee kshepanastra swayam-vinash jhaala. tyanantar, assa nirnay ghenyat aala qee oo. vhee. karyakramasathi up-kakshiy uddane apuri aahet aanee purn kakshiy chachanya aavashyak aahet.
1965 madhye aanakhi akra atlus dii prakshepan, 10 ebres/nayaki-zius chachanya aanee 5 aktoobar roji oo. vhee. 1-2. heey serve yashasvi jhaale.
1966 madhye chauda atlus dii. ess. prakshepit karnyat aale, jyat daha ebres aanee nayaki-zius chachanya aanee done oo. vhee. prakshepanancha samavesh hota. done uddane ayashasvi jhaali. 4 march roji anukrame 303 dii aanee 3 meey roji 208 dii. pahilya enginela beko aanee akali bund jhalyanantar shashvat hydraulic apayashacha samna karava lagla, nantarchya enginela tii + 45 sekandanpasun suru honare uchch jore vibhag tapman, tii + 135 sekandanvar tikavoon thevana gimbling niyantran gamavane, tii + 195 sekandanvar vernierche niyantran gamavane aanee tii + 233 sekandanpasun suru honari pranodan pranali bund hone anubhavave lagale. havaichya poorves, sumare khalchya shreneet, parinam jhaala.
1967 madhye sahaa atlus dii. ess. prakshepit karnyat aale, paach aii. bii. aar. ess. chachanya aanee eka oo. vhee. prakshepan. serve yashasvi tharale aanee 7 november roji 576-bii2 pasoon prakshepit kelele 94dii kshepanastra heey antim atlus dii uddan hote kaaran eae aanee eff-sirij kshepanastrancha vapar karoon ebres chachani suru raheel.
bahutek atlus dii prakshepan up-kakshiy kshepanastra chachanya hotya; tathapi, anek prayog itar mohimansathi vaparale gele, jyat karmchari asalelya paryache kakshiy prakshepan aanee manavarahit oo. vhee. 1 antaral yaan yancha samavesh hota. prakalpatil aagicha bhag mhanoon dhwani rockett mhanoon dekhil doghancha vapar karnyat aala. upgrah prakshepit karnyasathi aar. emm.-81 ejena sarkhya varchya tappyansah dekhil anekancha vapar keela gela.
atlus dii tyachya redio margdarshanamule aay. see. bii. emm. mhanoon maryadit sankhyene tainat karnyat aale hote, tarr purnapane karyarat asalelya eae aanee eff-malika kshepanastranmadhye jadatviy margadarshan packages aanee eka vegali ignition pranali hotee jyamule engine jalad suru houu shakat hote.
paaraa sathee, chaar karmchari asalelya paaraa antaral yanala pruthvichya khalchya kakshet pathvanyasathi atlus deacha vapar karnyat aala. prakalp paryasathi vaparlya jaanarya atlus deechya sudharit aavruttila atlus elvi-3bii asey naav denyat aale.
antaral prakshepanasathi vaparale jaanare atlus dii. ess. heey teey karat asalelya mohimechya garjansathi sanukulitpane tayar kele gele hote, parantu jevha 1965 madhye kshepanastra sevetoon atlus nivrutt jhaala, tevha convearne serve antaral mohimansathi pramanit atlus vahan (ess. ell. vhee.-3) sadar kele. urvarit dii-sirij kshepanastre 1967 paryant punarpravesh vahananchya up-kakshiy chachanyansathi aanee kahee antaral prakshepanansathi udavali gelee.
ekoon 116 dii-sirij kshepanastre (antaral prakshepanasathi vaparlya jaanarya vahanansah nahee) 26 apayshansah 1959-67 varoon udavanyat aalee.
shastra.
atlus deeche shastra moolatah jee hote.eae. doubleu49 thermonuclear shastrasah emm. keey. 2 "heat sink" punha pravesh vahan (aar. vhee.), ektrit vajan aanee 1.44 megaton (emm. tii.) utpadan. doubleu-49 nantar emm. keey. 3 oblative aar. vhee. madhye thevanyat aale, atlus eae aanee efchya ektrit vajanat doubleu-38 thermonuclear bomb asalela aii. vhee. see. oo. emm. keey. 4 aar. vhee. hota jyache utpadan 3.75 emm. tii. hote, jeey ektar havah futanyasathi kinwa sampark fatanyasathi fuse kele gele hote. emm. keey. 4 aar. vhee. neey mylor fugyanchya swarupat pravesh sadhane dekhil tainat kelee, jyanni emm. keey. 4 aar. vhee. chya radar swaksharichi pratikruti tayar kelee. emm. keey. 4 adhik doubleu-38 chey ektrit vajan hote.