packett agreshan

packett forwarding mhanje sanganakachya jaalyatil nodesdware eka jaalyachya vibhagatoon joou jaalyachya vibhagat pakitanche pratyavartan karane. oo. ess. aay. modelmadhil jaale thurr haah packett forwardingsathi jababdar asato.
model.
sarvat sope agreshan model-anikastingmadhye, eka packett, packetchya strotapasun tyachya gantvyasthanaparyant hatalalya sakhalichya bajoone, linkvaroon linkparyant rile kele jaat aahe. tathapi, itar agreshan dhorane samanyatah vaparali jaatat. prasaranasathi eka pakit duplicate karane aanee networkwaril pratyek upkarnavar eka prat pohochavanyachya uddeshane anek duvyanvar pathvanyajogi prat aavashyak asate. vyavharat, prasaran packets networkwar sarvatra pathavalya jaat naheet, parantu keval prasaran kshetramadhil upkarananna pathavalya jaatat, jyamule "prasaran" hii eka sapeksh sandnya banate. prasaranapeksha qamee samanya, parantu kadachit adhik upayuktata aanee saiddhantik mahatva asalele, bahu-casting aahe, jithe eka packett nivadakpane duplicate kele jaate aanee praptakartyanchya pratyek sanchala pratee vitarit kelya jaatat.
networking tantradnyan naisargikaritya kahee agreshan modelsna samarthan dete. udaharanarth, fiber optics aanee tambe cables eka yantratoon joou yantrat thet dhavtat aanee eka tokala prasarit honara naisargik unicast mediadeta tayar karatat, joou joou tokala keval eka yantradvare prapt hoto. tathapi, aakrutinmadhye darshavilyapramane, nodes naisargikaritya unicast madhyamanmadhun bahukriya kinwa prasaran vitaran tayar karnyasathi packets forward karoo shakatat. tyachpramane, paramparik ethernet ethernet aanee aanee, parantu adhik aadhunik aadhunik nahee) heey naisargik prasaran madhyam aahe, serve nodes ekach lamb kebalshi jodalele asatat aanee eka upkaranadvare prasarit kelele packett keballa jodalelya pratyek itar upkaranadvare pahile jaate. ethernet nodes thet sambodhit naan kelelya packetskade durlaksh karoon unicastchi amalbajavani karatat. wireless network heey naisargikaritya bahukriyashil asate, transmitterchya reception trijyetil serve upkarane tyachi packets prapt karoo shakatat. wireless nodes itar upkarananna sambodhit kelelya packetskade durlaksh karatat, parantu tyanchya reception trijyechya baherchya nodesparyant pohochanyasathi forwardingchi aavashyakta asate.
nirnay.
jyaa nodesmadhye anek baherche duve upalabdh aahet, jyachi nivad, serve kinwa konatyahi prakarchi, dilelya packetla agreshit karnyasathi vaparnyasathi nirnay ghenyachya prakriyechi aavashyakta asate, jee sankalpanet sadhee asali taree, kadhikadhi aashcharyakarakpane guntaguntichi asate. noddware hatalalya hatalalya pratyek packetsathi agreshan nirnay ghene aavashyak asalyane, yasathi aavashyak asalela ekoon vel haah ekoon network kamgirimadhye eka pramukh maryadit ghatak banoo shakato. uchch-gatiche margnirdeshak aanee swichesachya rachana prayatnancha bahutansh bhag mothya sankhyene packetsathi jalad agreshan nirnay ghenyavar kendrit aahe.
agreshan nirnay samanyatah done prakriyanpaiki eka vaparoon ghetala jaatoh margkraman, jeey jaalevaril sthan nishchit karnyasathi upkarananchya pattyat encode keleli mahitee vaparte, kinwa jodani, jeey patte kuthe aahet yabaddal konatehi anuman lavat nahee aanee adnyat patte shodhanyasathi prasaranavar mothya pramanat avalambun asate. prasaranavarche bhardast parinam mothya jaalyanmadhye, visheshtah internetvar margkramanavar varchasva prasthapit karnyas karanibhoot tharale aahet; bridging mothya pramanat lahan jaalyanmadhye qamee kele jaate jithe prasaranavarche bhaar sahan karnyayogya aahe. tathapi, mothya jaalyanmadhye sahasa anek lahan jaalyancha samavesh asato, tyamule aantarjalavar pull bandhanyacha kahee upayog nahee asey mhanane chukiche tharel; tyaeivaji, tyacha vapar sthanik aahe.
paddhati.
sanch agreshit karnyasathi node done vegvegalya paddhatinpaiki eka vaparu shakatoh sanchayit qaraa aanee pudhe qaraa kinwa cutt-thru switching.

