
fredrick mandir

fredrick mandir (30 november 1821-23 december 1902) heey eka ingraji shaikshanik, shikshak aanee churchman hote, jyanni exterche bishop (1869-1885), londonche bishop (1885-1896) aanee canterburyche archbishop (1896-1902) mhanoon kaam kele.
prarambhik jeevan.
mandiracha janm santa maura yaa ionian betanpaiki eka betavar jhaala, joou pramukh octavius mandiracha mulga hota, jyala nantar siera leoncha leftnunt-governor mhanoon niyukt karnyat aale. tyachya nivruttinantar, pramukh mandir devonmadhye sthayik jhaale aanee tyane tyacha mulga fredericksathi shetee jivanacha vichar keela, jyamule tyala tyasathi vyavharik prashikshan midale.
mandirache aajoba william johnson temple hote, jeey devonmadhil mamheadche rector hote, jyancha ullekh james bosvelchya 'life auph johnson' madhye anek vela keela gela aahe.
temple heey blundelchya shalet, tiverton yethe pathvanyat aale aanee lavkarach teey vegalya karkirdisathi yogya asalyachi chinhe disun aalee. tyanni shalebaddal prempurn prem kayam thewale, jithe tyanni shaikshanik aanee sharirik kriyakalapanmadhye, visheshtah chalanyat changli kamgiri kelee. kutumb shrimant navhate aanee mandirala maheet hote qee tyala swatache udarnirvah karave lagel. vayachya sataravya varshapurvi tyane oxfordchya balliol mahavidhyalayat blundell shishyavrutti jinkun pahile paul takale.
tractorian chalval paach varshanpurvi suru jhaali hotee, parantu 90 haah sansmaraniy marg adyap lihila gelela navhata. bauddhik aanee dharmik utsahachya bharat, too auxford udarmatvadi chalvalichya chhavanichya adhik jawal aala."1842 madhye tyanni duheri pratham kramank patkavla aanee balliolche sadasya aanee ganeet aanee tarkshastrache vyakhyate mhanoon nivadle gele. chaar varshannantar tyanchi niyukti jhaali aanee atyant garibanche shikshan sudharnyachya uddeshane tyanni karyalaye aanee dandatmak shalanchya padvyuttar shikshakanchya prashikshanasathi sarkarne sthapan kelelya 'neller holl' yaa mahavidhyalayache pramukhpad sweekarle. haah prayog yashasvi jhaala nahee aanee tempalne swatah 1855 madhye too sodoon denyacha sallah deela. tyanantar tyane shaley-nirikshakpadicha sweekar keela, jeey tyane 1858 madhye rugby shalet shikavanyasathi jaiparyant dharan kele. darmyan tyane sacks-coberg-gothacha rajkumar albert yache kautuk aakarshit kele hote aanee 1856 madhye tyala ranee victoriacha chaplain-inn-ordnary mhanoon niyukt karnyat aale hote. 1857 madhye teey tyanchya vidyapithat nivadak upadeshak hote.
rugby.
rugby shalet, thomas arnold 1842 madhye maran pavala hota aanee tyachya jaagi archibald campbelle tett aala hota, jyachya nantar punha edward myric gaulburn aala. nantarchyachya rajinamyanantar vishvastanni mandir nemale, jyanni tyaa varshi (1858) buub padvi ghetali hotee.dii. aanee dii.dii. rugby shaletil tyanche jeevan mahan urja aanee dhadsi pudhakarane chinhankit kele gele.
mandirane abhijat shalanmadhye shalechi shaikshanik pratishtha balkat kelee, parantu naisargik vidnyanat shishyavrutti dekhil sthapit kelee, eka prayogshala bandhali aanee yaa vishayanche mahatva olakhale. khelachya maidanatil serve parampara asoonahi tyanni creeda upkramanmadhye sudharana kelya. tyanchya swatachya prachand kamkajachya samarthyane aanee kathor paddhatine vidyarthyanna dhamkavale, parantu teey lavkarach lokpriy jhaale aanee shalechi pratishtha unchavali. nishtha, shraddha aanee kartavya shikavat, tyanchya shaley pravachane mulanvar kholvar prabhav padat asat.
ragbimadhye tyanni kaam suru kelyanantar done varshanni 'nibandh aanee punaravalokne' yaa khandamule vaad nirman jhaala. daad education auph daad world' yaa pustakatil pahila nibandh 'buy temple' haah hota. khandache lekhak keval tyanchya sambandhit lekhansathi jababdar hote, parantu yapaiki kahee itake vidhvansak manale gele qee anek lokanni sampoorn pustakavar bandee ghatali aanee oxfordche bishop samuel wilberforce yanchya netrutvakhalil gongatyukt maganine ragbichya mukhyadhyapakanna tyachya sathidaranpasun swatahla vegale karnyache aavahan kele. mandirachya nibandhat vanshatil bauddhik aanee aadhyatmik vadhivar bhashya karnyat aale hote aanee ibri, egyptian, greek, roman aanee itaranni anukrame dilelya yogdanakade tyanni laksh vedhale hote. jaree teey nirupadravi mhanoon sweekarle gele asale taree teey pustakat asalyabaddal tyala doshi dharale gele. mandirane aaplya sahakanyanna nakarnyas nakar deela aanee phaar nantarchya kalat (1870) tyanni aapala nibandh mage ghenyacha nirnay ghetala. darmyan, tyane tyachya rugby pravachanacha eka khand chhapala, jenekarun tyachi swatachi dharmik sthitee kaay hotee heey nishchitpane dakhavata yeil.
rajkaranat mandir heey william ewart gladstone anuyayi hote aanee tyanni irelandchya charchchya vighatanala manyata dilee. tyanni william edward forster yanchya 1870 chya prathamik shikshan kayadyachya bajoone lekhan kele aanee bolale aanee teey sampann shaala aayogache sakriy sadasya hote.
1869 madhye, gladestone tyala durhamche adhishthata mhanoon kaam deu kele, parantu rugby shalet rahanyachi ichcha asalyamule tyane nakar deela. matra, tyach varshachya uttaradhat, exterche bishop heinry philpots yanche nidhan jhaale, tevha pantpradhan punha mandirakade valale aanee tyanni tyanna changalyaprakare maheet asalelya shaharache bishparik sweekarle.
bishpricks.
yaa niyuktimule eka naveen vaad nirman jhaala; george anthany denison, tontonche archdacon, anthany eshali cooper, shaftsburyche 7 weey earl aanee itaranni nishedhasathi eka majboot samitee sthapan kelee, tarr edward pusi yanni ghoshit kele qee "hii nivad hii pantpradhananni keleli sarvat bhayanak prachandata hotee". tyachya nivadichya pushtinantar, bishop walter trover yanni sallagaranna tyavar aakshep ghenyachya soochana dilya aanee matdanat adhyay vibhagala gela. gladestone thaam rahila aanee 21 december 1869 roji londonche bishop johnn jackson yanni mandir pavitra kele. tyanchya kathor niyantranabaddal tyanchya padrinmadhye kurkur hott hotee, parantu tyanchya khyan dayalupanane lavkarach swatahla jaanavale aanee tyanchya karyakalatil sola varshanchya kalat tyanni tyanchyavaril purvgrahanvar maat kelee, jenekarun 1885 madhye johnn jackson yanchya nidhananantar, jevha tyanche londonmadhye bhashantar jhaale, tevha yaa niyuktine samanya samadhan dile. 1884 madhye teey bamptonche vyakhyate hote, tyanni tyanchya vishayasathi 'dharm aanee vidnyan yanchyatil sambandh' ghetale."1885 madhye teey oxfordchya exeter collegeche manad sadasya mhanoon nivadle gele.
londonchya bishparikchya tempalachya bhadekarutvamule too purvipeksha jaast mehnat ghet hota. jaree tanakhali andhatva zapatyane vadhat hote, taree yaa velee tyacha samanya kamacha divas chauda kinwa pandhra tasanpaiki eka hota. tyache anek padri aanee padasthapanasathiche umedvar tyala eka bhitidayak vyakti manat hote, jeey parishram, achookata aanee prachar karyakshamatechi jawaljawal ashakya manke lagoo karat hote, parantu tyachya karyabaddalchi tyachi spasht bhakti aanee lokanchya bhalyasathicha tyacha utsah yamule tyala samanya aatmavishvas midala. londonmadhye too eka athak sanyam karyakarta mhanoon kaam karat rahila aanee kamgar vargane sahajpane tyala aapala mitra mhanoon olakhale. jevha, tyachya vadhatya andhatvamule, tyane bishparikchya padacha rajinama denyacha prastav deela, tevha tyala tyachya prastavacha punarvichar karnyache aavahan karnyat aale aanee 1896 madhye edward white bensonchya achanak nidhananantar, jaree too aata 76 varshancha asala taree, tyane canterburyche darshan sweekarle. seent paul cathedralmadhye tyanche smarak aahe.
1871 teey 1902 darmyan mandir sherbourne shaleche governor hote.
canterburyche archbishop.
archbishop mhanoon tyanni 1897 madhye dashvarshik lambeth parishadeche adhyakshapad bhushavale. tyach varshi temple aanee yorkche archbishop william mclaghan yanni popchya 'apostolike curie' yaa vishvakoshala sanyukt pratisad jaaree keela, jyane ingraji aadeshanchi vaidhata nakarli. 1899 madhye, jevha sanyukt dharmopadeshakanni tyanna daivi sevet dhoop vaparnyavar aanee dharmik miravnukinmadhye dive vahoon nenyavar nirnay ghenyache aavahan kele tevha archbishopsne punha ekatra kaam kele. yuktivad aikalyanantar done mukhya dharmgurunni donhi paddhatinchya virodhat nirnay ghetala. tyachya puratatviy mandirachya kalat, ingraji church kamkuvat hott asalelya vibhaganimule too khoop vyathit hota aanee tyachya anek sansmaraniy pravachana mhanje ekteche aavahan hote.
charchmadhil vivadanvar" primate mhanoon tyancha pahila aarop haah adhik catholic aanee adhik dharmaday svabhavasathicha sarvat shaktishali aagrah asalyache jaanavale aanee tyachya aayushyachya shevatchya varshanmadhye too punha punha yach vishayakade paratala. paradeshi mohimanchya babatitahi teey utsahi hote aanee naveen shatkachya prarambhi prachar kelelya eka dharmopadeshat tyanni aavahan kele qee, jagachya itihasatil yaa yugat serve rashtranche suvarteche prachar karnyache sarvoch dayitva brittenver aahe. 1900 madhye tyanni london yethe jaagtik sanyam parishadeche adhyakshapad bhushavale aanee ekada mahilanchya shikshanachya hitasathi upadesh keela.
9 august 1902 roji, raja edward sahava aanee ranee alekzandra yanchya rajyabhishekachya velee tyane aaplya padachi mahattvachi kartavye paar padali aanee done divasannantar raja aanee ranine khajgi prekshakanmadhye shahee victorian sakhali, rajane tyachya aaichya sanmanarth sthapan keleli naveen sajavat sadar karnyasathi tyache swagat kele. tyaa varshi octoberchya suruvatila tyanni seent. velsmadhil lampetter yetheel devidche dharamshastriy mahavidhyalay tyachya 75 vya vardhapan dinanimitt. matra, tyachya vadhatya vayatil tanamule tyachya tabyetibabat mahitee midali. 4 december 1902 roji tyanni haus auph lordsmadhye tyaa varshichya shaikshanik vidheykavar kelelya bhashanadarmyan, teey aajari padale aanee jaree teey tyanche bhashan purn karnyasathi purese punarujjivit jhaale, taree teey kadhihi purnapane barey jhaale naheet aanee 23 december 1902 roji tyanche nidhan jhaale. chaar divasannantar tyanna canterbury cathedralmadhye daphan karnyat aale, jithe tyanchi kabar closter gardenmadhye aahe. tyacha dusra mulga, william temple, ekonatis varshannantar canterburycha archbishop jhaala aanee tyala tyachya jawal daphan karnyat aale.
vidnyan aanee dharm.
vidnyan aanee dharm yanchyatil sambandhanmadhye mandirala ayushyabhar rus hota. 1860 madhye thomas huxley aanee samuel wilberforce yanchyatil vadavivad jhalelya british sanghatanechya prasiddha baithakit, tempalne utkrantichya antardrushtiche swagat karnare pravachan dile. dharm aanee vidnyan yanchyatil sambandhanvaril (1884) tyachya aath bampton vyakhyananmadhye mandirane spashtapane sangitale qee "utkranticha siddhant konatyahi arthane dharmachya shikavanukishi kahihi virodhatmak nahee". yaa vyakhyananmadhye vaidnyanik aanee dharmik vishvasache mool aanee swaroop aanee vidnyan aanee dharm yanchyatil swatantra ichchhashakti aanee alaukik shaktivaril spasht sangharshanvarhi bhashya karnyat aale.
kutumb.
1876 madhye, mandirane rait honchi sarvat lahan mulgi beatrice blanch laskelshee (1844-1915) vivah keela. william laskels (1798-1851), eka wig rajkarani aanee sasechya dusya arlacha mulga. tichi aaee lady carolin georgiana howard (1803-1881) hotee, jee karliselachya 6 vya earl asalelya aanakhi eka vhig rajkarani george howardchi mulgi hotee. beatrice lasselsla lady chesham, lady edward cavendish aanee mutsaddi surr phrank lasselles yanchyasah nauu mothee bhawande hotee.
tyanna done mule hotih
smarke.
rugby shaletil mandiratil vachan kaksh aanee sangrahalayala tyanche naav denyat aale aahe aanee tyat thomas woolnerne 1869 madhye banavalela tyancha putala aahe.
koronamadhye purvekadil tokala canterbury cathedralmadhye eka sunder smarak aahe, jyat prathna kartana mandir gudghe tektana dakhavale aahe.
exeter cathedralchya paschim khidakitunahi tyala cathedralchya itihasatil mahan vyaktinpaiki eka mhanoon dakhavale aahe.
surr george framepton yanni rachana kelelya fredrick mandiracha eka putala sherbourne shaletil mothya shalechya kholichya baher aahe, jithe tyanni 1871 teey 1902 paryant governor mhanoon kaam kele hote. surr reginald blomfield yanni rachana kelelya sangamarvari jaaget haah putala aahe, jyat tyancha hatancha coat anukrame davikade aanee ujavikade exter aanee canterberrychya bahunvar tanglela aahe.
eff. dii. 1904 chya 'six gret schoolmaster' yaa pustakat mandiracha samavesh kassa keela gela.