ess. ess. portmar (1919)

portmar heey amerikecha zenda asalele vyapari jahaj hote, jeey pahilya mahayuddhala pratisad mhanoon bandhale gele hote, jeey aantaryuddh kalat anek kampanyandvare chalavale jaat hote, nantar hotee mahayuddhat yuddhakalin nauvahanasathi ghetale gele.
united states shipping bordane (yuu. ess. ess. bii.) dilelya yuddhakalin aadeshacha bhag mhanoon 1013 chya aarakhadyasathi heey jahaj bandhanyat aale hote. teela portland, oregonchya vayavya poladane west minsey yaa navane khalee thewale hote. bandhkamadarmyan yuu. ess. ess. bii. chee magani radd karnyat aalee hotee, parantu vayavya poladane khajgi vikrisathi jahaj purn kele. november 1919 madhye prakshepit honyapurvi teela green starr linela vikanyat aale aanee teela centaurus heey naav denyat aale. malavahu jahaj 1920 madhye nafrala vikale gele, tyanantar 1923 madhye grah vafechya companyla vikale gele. 1929 madhye, jahaj calmer vafechya companyla vikale gele, jyane jahajala "portmar" asey naav dile.
1941 chya uttaradhat, united stateschya yuddh vibhagane phillipinesla puravatha karnyasathi "portmar" chaa patta deela hota, parantu japani sainyane philipinesvar kelelya aakramanamule austreliyat too kayam thevanyat aala. februwari 1942 madhye japani aakramanapurvi timorchya bachavkartyansathi darwinkadoon sainyabal vahoon nenyasathi ticha vapar karnyat aala hota. balkati dalachya tafyavar japani vimananni chhaya ghatali aanee hallah keela, jyamule too radd karnyas bhag padale gele. "18 februwari roji portmar darwinla paratala aanee hotee divashi jevha japani vahak-aadharit vimanane austreliyavar kelelya pahilya hallyat shaharavar hallah keela tevha too ajunahi bandaratach hota. jahaj mothya pramanat kharab jhaale aanee budnar nahee mhanoon teey jaminivar kosalale.
"portmar" nantar punha floated karnyat aale, sidneyla odhanyat aale, durusti karnyat aalee, united stateschya sainyane vikat ghetali aanee lashkari vahtook mhanoon punha sevet thevanyat aale. juuna 1943 madhye, tee jee. pii. 55 tafyacha bhag mhanoon 15 juuna roji smokey cape, 'portmar' pasoon ravana jhaali aanee landing jahajavar japani panbudi 'aay-174' neey torpedo marla. atyant asthir malvahatuk jhalyamule, 'portmar' sodoon denyat aala aanee daha minitanpeksha qamee velat budala. austreliyan panthal pradeshat japani panbudi mohimesamor haravalele teey shevatche jahaj hote.
rachana aanee bandhkam.
heey jahaj 1013 kinwa 'robbert dollar' prakarasathi tayar karnyat aale hote, jeey pahilya mahayuddhadarmyan anek anek shipyardsmadhun united states shipping bordane (yuu. ess. ess. bii.) aadesh dilele pramanit malavahu design hote. manak parimane lambichi hotee, beam aanee manak masuda saha. heey jahaj pramanapeksha thode vegale hote, lamb aanee beam hote. sakholata masudyasah hotee.
tyanche mrut vajan tunn moolya 8,800 hote aanee ekoon nond tunn moolya 5,551 hote. tiche nivval nond tunn moolya 3,418 hote. pranodan yantra vividh prakarat bhinn hoteh yaa jahajat teel-indhanache boiler vaparale gele, jeey tiheri-vistar vafechya enginanchi jodalele hote. heey engine ohayochya hamiltonchya hooven, ovens andd rentsler companyne tayar kele hote. tyat nalake hotee aanee tyacha vyas strocknussar hota. tyache moolyankan 582 aine. etch. pii. asey karnyat aale hote. yu. ess. bii. sathee ekashe paach jahaje purn jhaali, tarr heey jahaj aanee itar chaar jahaj radd karnyat aale parantu jahajanchya aasthapananni teey purn kele aanee khajgiritya vikale aanee itar purnapane radd karnyat aale.
portland, oregonchya vayavya steelne yard kramank 38 aanee yuu. ess. ess. bii. kramank 2373 mhanoon jahaj thewale hote, jyala 'west minsey' asey naav denyat aale hote. bandhkamadarmyan, yuu. ess. ess. bii. aapatkalin fleet corporation yaa jahajachi magani radd kelee hotee, parantu khajgi vikrisathi bandhkam suru thewale. 17 november 1919 roji jahaj prakshepit hoiparyant, teela green starr linela vikale gele hote aanee teela 'centaurus' heey naav denyat aale hote. jahaj december 1919 madhye purn jhaale aanee united statescha adhikrut kramank 219283 aanee sanketik akshare ell. tii. vhee. etch. niyukt kelee gelee.
karyapaddhaticha itihas.
centauruscha pahila pravas december 1919 chya uttaradhat auregonchya estoriya yethoon callao, perula ravana jhaala. pravasadarmyan, tyachya avaidh parpatrabaddalachya chintemule eka navikala mansik bighad sahan karava lagla. vaidyakeey madat denyaeivaji, navikala lokhandi shastranni thewale gele, karmchari yaditoon kadhoon takale gele aanee eka stove mhanoon punha soochibaddha kele gele, nantar 17 janewari 1920 roji 'centaurus' callao sodoon nighun gela tevha bandarajaval sodoon denyat aale. navik shevati eka vede aashrayat gela, jithe tyach varshachya uttaradhat tyacha mrutyu jhaala.
 green starr atalantikmadhye dhavel
 baltimorehoon jaanyasathi yethe chaar steamers kharedi karnyat aalya.
 prachya dhavanyache aashvasan
 aata standifer prakalpat bandhale jaat asalele crooft pacificover chalavale jaane apekshit aahe.
 green starr steamship companychya bhavishyatil karyakshetrabaddalche andaj, jyane portlandmadhye chaar steel steamers kharedi kele aanee aanakhi pachchya bandhkamachya aurder dilya, gelya aathvadyat baltimoremadhil companychya mukhyalayakadun aupcharik ghoshanedvare sampale, jithe green starr line tyachya shipping udhyogansathi ghar mhanoon kaam karnyasathi eka mothya imaraticha pathlag keela aahe. kharedi kelelya steamerspacky shevatchi, ithali line, 'circlinus', budhwari estoriahoon melburn aanee austreliyatil edelidesathi lakadacha sampoorn maal gheuun ravana jhaali. yaa malvahatukichi rakkam 4.086,103 phoot itaki hotee, jyachi mahitee tapkiri aanee mccabe, stevedoor yanni dilee aahe, jyanchyakade jahaj loaded karnyacha charge hota.
 green starr line yethe kharedi keleli itar teen steamers mhanje "corvus", jee europesathi nitrates loaded karnyasathi ballastmadhe erika, chilila gelee; centaurus, jyane yethe lakadancha kahee bhag ghetala aanee paschim paschim samanya maal purn karnyasathi sann franciscola gela aanee clodges, jeey hambergsathi beans loaded karnyasathi ballastmadhe sann franciscola gele.
nantar 1920 madhye, jahaj adhigrahanat aarthik vyavhar ekmekanshi jodalelya green starshee sanlagn asalelya nafra companyla 'centaurus' vikala gela. 1923 paryant tine yaa companysathi kaam kele, jevha teela grah steamship companyla vikale gele. december 1929 madhye, 'centaurus' aanee itar chaar grah malavahu ('circinius', 'corves', 'clodges' aanee 'eurana') calmer steamship companyla vikale gele.
 "calmer jahaje vikat gheto.
 newyorkchya ghoshanenusar, 'calmar line' neey 'planet steamship company' kadoon paach malavahu viman kharedi kele aahet. yaa kharedimule shant aantartatiy tafa akra jahajanparyant vadhato. naveen naukechi nond 880 tunn aahe.
 yaa yaa samavisht asaleli serve jahaje suprasiddha aahet, jyat 'circinius', 'corvus', 'clodges', 'centaurus' aanee 'eurana' yancha samavesh aahe. teey istamian line houseflagkhali anek varshanpasun sthanik bandaranmadhye gele aahet.
"centaurus' chey naav badaloon 'portmar' asey karnyat aale aanee tichya nondani bandarala badaloon 'newyork' karnyat aale. 1934 madhye tichi sanketik akshare badaloon copes karnyat aalee. 13 julai 1937 roji, boston, massatusates teey philadelphiya, pensylvania yaa pravasadarmyan, "portmar" chee daat dhukyat "rumal prakashavahinyashi" takkar jhaali. jaree teela konatihi haanee jhaali nasali taree prakashavahinyache gambhir nuksan jhaale.
dusare mahayuddha.
18 november 1941 roji, united stateschya yuddh vibhagane phillipinesla lashkari puravatha karnyasathi portmar aanee itar saat jahaje (,,,,, aanee) bhadyane dilee. heey jahaj 20 november 1941 roji prabhavipane united states sarkarla denyat aale, jeey sainyala vatap karoon yuddh nauvahan prashasanala serve sagari vyapari nauvahan vitarit karnyachya purvasandhyela hote. jaree sanadeche tapasheel gopaneey manale gele asale taree serve aath jahajanchi nave done divasannantar 'losses angelis times' madhye prakashit karnyat aalee. philipinesvaril japani aakramanamule austreliyat taba rakhala gela. "valavanyat aalelya pensacola tafyachya aagmananantar indhan aanee vahane vahoon vahoon jahajanpaiki eka mhanoon 'portmar' austreliyat aala hota. "portmar 26 november 1941 roji pensacola tafyat 319 vahane, 5,939 baryl petrol, darugola, bomb, machinegan aanee itar dukanansah swatantrapane sann franciscohoon ravana jhaala hota, parantu havaichya dakshinekade valavanyat aala, pratham suva aanee nantar 31 december 1941 roji tethe aagman jhalyanantar sidneyla gela.
suruvatila phillipineschi japani nakabandi chalavanyacha prayatna karnyasathi nivadanyat aalelya jahajanpaiki heey eka hote, parantu japanchya vegwan pragatimule aanee rabaul, kaviyeng aanee uttarekadil itar mokyachya bindunvar kabja kelyamule jahaj darwinla parat bolavanyat aale. sagari aayogala itar mothya jahajansah 'portmar' united statesla parat yenyachi apeksha hotee parantu theatermadhe pathvanyachya tivra garjemule sthanik dharana aavashyak jhaali hotee.
15 februwari 1942 roji 'portmar' haah tukadichya bachavkartyansathi atirikt sainya gheuun gheuun tafyacha bhag mhanoon darwinhoon ravana jhaala. tafyat vahtook dekhil hotee, aanee, cruiser, vidhvansak aanee utaar aanee jahajanni banalelya anurakshanasah. "portmar', 'tulgi' saha, yooche ghatak vahoon gheuun jaat asey.ess. sainyane 148 weey maidani tofkhana suru kele tarr itar jahajanmadhye austreliyan sainya hote. 11:00 paryant, japani udatya botine jahajanna pahile hote, jee kiman prabhavasah 14:00 chya aaspas bomb taknyapurvi anek taas tyancha pathlag karat hotee. hotee divashi, aanakhi eka udatya botine 09:15 chya bhovati tafyavar chhaya taknyas suruvat kelee aanee done tasannantar 45 japani vimananchya sainyane jahajanvar hallah keela. manua loa' yaa jahajavar halakya pramanat nuksan jhaale aanee kahee jivitahani jhaali, tarr tasbhar chalalelya hallyat 'portmar' chey nuksan jhaale nahee. pudhil hallyanchi shakyata aanee timorchya aasann aakramanacha parinam mhanoon 18 februwari roji duparparyant serve jahaje darwin yethe parat yenyasathi, 15:15 varr prapt jhalelya tafyala firavanyache aadesh denyat aale.
aale divashi jevha japani vahak-aadharit vimananchya sainyane shaharavar hallah keela tevha 'portmar' ajunahi darwin bandarat hotah prathamach austreliyavar hallah jhaala hota. hallyadarmyan tiche khoop nuksan jhaale aanee teela tichya talgharapasun door nele gele aanee teela budnyapasun rokhanyasathi jaminivar dhavun gele. gele eka thaar jhaala aanee anek jakhami nantar tapasani jahajadware parat aanale gele.
"portmar" heey yu. neey vachavale aanee punha tayar kele.ess. sainyachya bandar-bataliyanchya tukadyanna sidneyla nele aanee tyanchi durusti kelee. heey jahaj 17 november 1942 roji yuddh vibhagane brisbane yethe vikat ghetale aanee yu. ess. madhye samavisht kele.ess. lashkarachi vahtook mhanoon lashkaracha kayamswarupi sthanik tafa.
15 juuna 1943 roji sakali, darugola aanee indhanane bharalela yu. ess. aii. tii. portmar, jee. pii. 55 tafyacha bhag mhanoon sidneyhoon brisbanela ravana jhaala. tafyat daha vyapari jahaje (portmars) aanee teen landing shiip tank jahaje hotee, jyanna 'batherst'-shrenichya carvet, aanee, aanee, yanni sanrakshn dile. "chauthya stambhatil teen jahajanchya madhyabhagi 'portmar' hota. "portmar" laa samudraparyatanadarmyan sthitee rakhanyat adchan aalee aanee 16 juuna roji, jevha tafa dhuliskat kepchya poorves hota, tevha too tafa sthitee parat midvanyasathi amerikechya "ell. ess. tii.-469" bandarakade jaat hota. yaveli, japani panbudi 'aay-174' neey tafyachya starboardvaroon tafyavar torpedocha prasar kelah eka torpedo yu. ess. laa 'ell. ess. tii.-469' varr aadalala aanee dusra jawaljawal lagechach 'portmar' varr aadalala. asthir maal petavala gela aanee jahaj sodoon denyacha aadesh denyat aala. "daha minitannantar 'portmar' budale, jyat done karmchari thaar jhaale. jiwant sapadalelya 71 jananna etch. emm. ess. delorenne parat aanale, jyane nantar uss. ell. ess. ell. ess.-469 (jeey hallyatoon bachavale hote, parantu sthir hote aanee tyanna mothya pramanat jivitahani jhaali hotee) gheuun coffey bandarakade kooch kele. "sampark tutat nahee toparyant 'warnambool' aanee 'kalgurli' yanni yaa bhagavar kholvar charge kelah teey 'aay-174' chey nuksan karoo shakale naheet, kinwa tyanantarchya shodhanmadhye teela shodhanyat yash aale nahee. tafyavaril jee. pii. 55 vareel hallah haah austreliyan panyatil shevatcha japani panbudicha hallah hota. nauvahan gamavane, visheshtah mccartherchya satvya ubhaychar dalacha bhag asalelya pahilya jahajane, kiriveena aanee woodlark betavar kabja karnyasathi sainya aanee puravatha kadhoon takane, hii pahili aakramak ubhaychar moheem hotee.
sandarbh.
pustake
niyatkalikatil lekh

