oregon trail memorial ardha dollar

oregon trail memorial haah 1926 teey 1939 darmyan united states beuro auph daad mintane adhunmadhun chhapalela pannas-sentcha tukada hota. nanichi rachana laura gardin fraser aanee james earl fraser yanni kelee hotee aanee jyanni 19 vya shatkachya madhyat oregon trailcha pravas keela aanee amerikechya prashant prashant sthayik jhalelyanche smaran karate. varshakathi qamee sankhyene dirghkal chalalelya yaa utpadananchya anek prakaranna naane gola gola fasavanuk manale jaau lagale aanee tyamule tyaa kalasathi, smarak nanee malika sampushtat aalee.
ohayomadhye janmalelya ezra mikarne 1852 madhye aaplya kutumbasah yaa margacha pravas keela hota aanee 1928 madhye tyachya mrutyupurvi tyachya pradirgh aayushyachi shevatchi done dashake oregon margachi jahirat karnyat ghalavali hotee, qee too visaroo naye. 1926 madhye vayachya 95 vya varshi teey synet samitisamor hajar jhaale aanee sarkarne eka smarak naane jaaree karave ashee vinanti kelee, jeey markersathi paise gola karnyasathi vikale jaau shakate, jenekarun teey marg kuthe hote heey dakhavata yeil. yaa nanyacha vichar moolatah dow. killyachya sabhagruhat aanakhi jatan karnyache kaam kareet asalelya miinii howardney; mikarne hii kalpana vistrut kelee. congressne saath laakh ardha dollars adhikrut kele aanee nanee kevha kinwa konatya pudinavar fodali jaatil yavar konatehi bandhan thewale nahee. mikarchya oregon trail memorial association (oo. tii. emm. aii.) 1926 aanee 1928 madhye hajaro vastoo chhapalya hotya aanee tyaa serve vikalya navhatya. tathapi, 1933 teey 1939 darmyanchya bahutansh varshant, tyat tayar kelelya ardhya dollarche thode praman hote, kahee varshant teenahi karyarat tankshalanpasun tankshalanchya chinhankit jaatinchya utpadanasathi aanee kimmati lakshaniy vadhalya.
kahee samasya naane vikretyanchya niyantranakhali hotya aanee vaiyaktik gola gola jaast kimmati mojavya lagat hotya, ashee takrar jilhadhikari karat asat. tyanantar sarvajanik nidarshane jhaali aanee 1939 madhye congressne hii malika sampavali. takrari asoonahi, otmala nanee vikanyat adchan aalee aanee 1953 paryant tee otamchya uttaradhikari sansthekadun upalabdh rahili. fakt 260,000 peksha jaast adhikrut nanee chhapali gelee, jyapaiki sumare 60,000 vitalali gelee. sarvat pradirgh kaal chalalele yuu. ess. chey smarak naane, oregon trail memorial ardha dollar tyachya rachnesathi mothya pramanat kautuk kele gele aahe.
parshvabhoomi.
parshvabhoomi shatkachya madhyavadhimadhye, madhyavadhimadhye aantarkhandiy railwaymarg purn honyapurvi, lakho lokanni amerikechya sudur paschimela sthayik honyasathi oregon margavaril pravas keela. pravas suru karnare serve jann tyanchya gantvyasthanavar pohochale naheet kaaran vatet khoop dukkh aanee mrutyu hote-eka andajanusar, 20,000 lock achinhit kabarinmadhye padale aahet.
ohayomadhye janmalela shetkari ezra meaker (1830-1928) yane 1852 madhye oregonchya margacha pravas keela; too aanee tyachi tarun patni aanee navjat mool bailane odhalelya wagonne iova yethoon oregon pradeshat gele. tyachya mhatarpanat, tyacha assa vishvas vatoo lagla qee oregoncha marg aanee tyachyasobat maran pavalelya lokanche balidan visarale jaat aahe. pashchimekadil marg marg pioneeranchya shevatchya vachalelyanpaiki eka mhanoon mothya pramanat prasiddhi midvanyachya darmyan, mikarne 1906 teey 1908 darmyan darmyan aapala marg punha shodhala. kahee thikani thikani gayab jhalya hotya, shahar aanee shetane gilalya hotya aanee tyachya pravasat, tyane aitihasik chinhe ubharanyachya prayatnat, too kuthe gela hota teey shodhanyacha prayatna keela. tyanni aaplya bailanchya chamoola aanee gadila deshbharat gheuun jaaun aaplya karyachi prasiddhi kelee, white hausasamor tyanchi gaadee ubhi kelee, jithe tyanni rashtradhyaksh theodor roozvelt yanchi bhet ghetali. newyorkmadhye tyane brooklin pool paar keela. 1910 madhye, too aanee tyache bail pasadena yethe jhalelya gulabanchya miravnukichya spardhet sahbhagi jhaale. tyanantarchya varshanmadhye, tyanni bailgadi, motargadi aanee 1924 madhye vayachya 93 vya varshi vimanane pravas keela, tyanche dhyey pudhe nenyacha prayatna keela aanee tyanchya prayatnansathi federal manyata aanee nidhi magitala.
suruvat.
oregon trail memorial ardha dollar idahone lokanchya vividh prayatnanmule aala, jyanni phorta hallchya jaageche jatan karnyas anukulata darshavali, jeey trailwaryl eka mahattvache marg sthanak aahe. 1925 madhye dagdavarche parvatiy smarak ardha dollar jaaree kelyane hii kalpana suru jhaali, jyamule idaho vruttapatrachya sadasyachi patni mabel marfine tichya patila oregon trail naane denyacha prastav deela, jyacha napha aitihasik jatanasathi vaparla jaau shakato. ticha patee, dii.tii. marfine 16 april 1925 roji 'oregon trailne veganche ardha dollar vyapale' heey eka sampadakiy 'idaho steet journal' madhye kartvyanishthapurvak prakashit kele. shrimati. jaaree kelele naane pahanyasathi murphy jiwant rahnar nahee, 30 november 1925 roji kshayarogane maran pavala.
dow. yanchya netrutvakhali idaho yetheel pokatelo yetheel nagri karyakarte jevha nanyachi kalpana punha pudhe aanat hote. miinii howardney, killyachya sabhagruhachya jagevar smarkasathi nidhi puravanyasathi kalpana magavalya. vima vikreta eff.see. mcgovanne eka dagadi dongaravarcha tukada pradarshit keela, "hoy. nanee. asha prakare!"howard aanee tichya tichya yaa kalpanecha pathpurava keela. mikarne yabaddal aikalyanantar oregon trail memorial association ("otoma" kinwa "association") hii eka rashtriy sanstha sthapan kelee, jee ardha dollar dekhil midvu shakat hotee aanee tyanna nafyat vikoo shakat hotee.
1925 paryant, congress adhik smaranarth nanee adhikrut karnyas anichchhuk hotee; 1920 teey 1925 darmyan baaraa nanee jaaree karnyat aalee hotee aanee anek aamdaranna vatale qee nanee parvanagi dilee jaat aahet jee "rashtriy hitsambandhanchya navhe tarr sthanik ghatananche smaran karatat". smarakanchya sampoorn takya adhikrut kayadyanmadhye niyukt kelelya prayojak sansthanna ankit mulyavar vikalya gelya. yaa gatanni nantar hii nanee janatela haptyavar vikali, asha prakare congressne yogya manalelya karanansathi paise gola kele. ayashasvi samasyanchya malikemule savadh rahilelya congressne 1926 chya suruvatila vishesh nanyanche anek prastav nakarle. tyapaiki linken aanee vijay mahamarg purn honyachya sanmanarth kelele tukade aanee american sangitkar stephen foster yanchya shatvarshik jayantiche smaran karnyacha prastav hota.
oregon trail memorialla ardha dollar adhikrut karnare vidheyak pahilyanda 25 janewari 1926 roji pratinidhi sabhagruhat washingtonche khasdar johnn franklin miller yanni sadar kele, jeey purvi ciatalche mahapour hote. miller mahapour asatana meaker seatlemadhye rahat hota, too puyalup yetheel tyachya aadhichya gharatoon sthalantarit jhaala hota. sthanik itihaskar bert webber yanni tyanchya 1986 chya nanyachya monographmadhye mhatale aahe qee, "shree. yaat kahee shanka nahee. millerver heey naane prastavit karnyasathi ezra mikarcha prabhav hota."3 march roji gruh naane samitisamor sunavani jhaali; mikarne saksh dilee. heey vidheyak anukulpane nondavale gele aanee nantar 5 april 1926 roji purn sabhagruhane teey manjur kele. jaree eka sadasya, mishiganache khasdar louis crammon yanni ekmatane sammatine manjur honyapurvi anek prashna vicharale asale taree, pratinidhi sabhagruhat yaa vidheykala virodh karnyat aala nahee. daad numismatist' madheel aktoobar 2013 chya lekhanusar, 'congress hii namr vyaktishi barobari karoo shakat navhati.
26 april 1926 roji 95 varshiy meaker banking aanee chalanvishayak sinetchya samitisamor hajar jhaale. koshagar sachiv andreau doubleu. melonne rashtriy mahatva asalelya nanyanchya vagaloon, smarak nanyanchya mudyanna virodh karnare patra dakhal kele hote. mikarne aaplya sakshidarat assa yuktivad keela qee qee muddah itka mahattvacha asel. melon yaa smarak padakane suchavalelya paryayamadhye vidheyakat durusti karavi qee nahee yavar oo. tii. emm. aii. mandalane vichar keela. kahee pramanat howardchya aagrahamule tyanni nanyasobat rahanyacha nirnay ghetala. ardhya dollarche vidheyak shifarshishivay nondavale gele hote, parantu 10 meey roji sinetane teey manjur kele. meaker yanni adhyaksh calvin coolies yanchi bhet gheuun tyavar swakshari kelee jaeel yachee khatri kelee, jee 17 meey 1926 roji sarvajanik kayada 325 mhanoon hotee, jyane 6,000,000 ardha dollar jaaree karnyas adhikrut kele. rashtradhyaksh calvin cooligene white hausachya launwar vidheykavar swakshari kelee; meaker swakshari samarambhat upasthit hota aanee rashtrapati kulijashi hatmilavani kartana tyache chhayachitra kadhale gele.
yaa vidheyakat asey aavashyak hote qee sanghatnene ardhya dollarsathi samaan rakkam dyavi aanee tayaricha kharch aanee itar kharch amerikecha kharch naan karava. 60 lakhanchi sankhya hii amerikechya smarak itihasatil sarvat mothee sankhya hotee, jee dagadanchya parvatiy samasyesathi 50 lakhanpeksha jaast hotee. congressne konatya pudinane nanee fodavit yavar konatehi nirbandh thewale naheet aanee adhikrutatevar kalmaryada thewali nahee. encyclopedia auph us memoratives' madhye, mudravid anthany swietech aanee walter breen yanchya matey, heey vidheyak 'kadachit namood kelela uddesh aspashtapane sthanik nasoon rashtravadi hota' mhanoon manjur jhaale. naane vikreta aanee lekhak kyu. david boers mhanatat qee "prushthbhagavar prerana pureshi changli disat hotee... nihsanshaypane anek american nagarikanche prasiddha sthalantarasobat kautumbik sambandh hote.
tayari.
naveen ardha dollar shakya titkya lavkar midave ashee mikarchi ichcha hotee; too margavar paschimekade aanakhi eka pravasachi yojana aakhat hota aanee vatet nanee vikoo ichchit hota. naveen naane tayar karnyasathi, sanghatnene suruvatila chester chester sampark sadhala, jyala jyala monro siddhant shatvarshik ardha dollarchya rachaneche shrey dile jaate, parantu tyane rekhachitre tayar kelee taree too upalabdh navhata.
otmane dagadi dongral tukadyache designer gutzon borglum yanchyashi karar karnyacha prayatna keela, parantu tyala khoop paise aanee vel havah hota. columbian ardhe dollarchya dollarchya madhye kirkol bhoomika bajavanara ulrick stonewall jackson dunbar ichchuk hota, parantu sanghatanela nanyachya shilpkarachi garaj vatat asalelya rashtriy pratishthecha abhav hota. american numismatic sosayatikadun soochana midalyanantar, association james earl fraser aanee laura gardin fraser yanchya patee-patnichya sanghakade valale. james fraserne mhashichya nikelchi rachana kelee hotee; laura gardin fracerne anudan shatvarshik dollar aanee ardha dollars anek smarak nanee tayar kelee hotee. tyane miinii howardchya aagrahavar fraserchi nivad kelee, jyala vatale qee james fracerche kaam pashchimeshi sambandhit aahe aanee tyachya nanyachya rachnet, jhakalelya vagandware sthalantar karnyache mahatva spasht houu shakate. sanghatnene eka bajula oregoncha rasta rasta nakashachya rachana sankalpanevar aanee madhye bajula bailane odhalelya gadiche netrutva karnara eka manus, tyachi patni aanee navjat balasah, tharvile. jaree tyache aupcharikpane nanyane smaran kele jaat nasale taree too manus namr asava assa hota.
rachana.
james fraserne 'wagon' bajuchi rachana kelee tarr laura fracerne 'bharatiy bajuchi' rachana kelee aanee donhiche rupantar madat pratikrutinmadhye kele. aagami karyakramat vikrisathi upalabdh asalele ardha dollar havey asalyane, mikarne modelling purn karnyasathi laura fracerla tras deela. tine 30 julai 1926 paryant kaam purn kele, jevha tine lalit qalaa aayogachya samarthanarth designs kuthe pathvavyat heey vicharanyasathi patra lihile. 1921 pasoon yaa sansthela nanyanchya rachnebabat koshagar sachivanna sallah denyache kaam denyat aale hote. tine tichya modelschee chhayachitre aayogachya karyalayanna pathavali. 5 august 1926 roji aayogache adhyaksh charles muur yanni utsahane pratisad deela aanee tyanna sangitale qee aayogane keval aarakhadyanna manyata dilee nahee tarr tyanchya baithakichya kholisathi chhapil vastoo tayar kelya aahet. vel vachavanyasathi, jyaa kendranmadhun nanee tayar karata yeu shakat hotee tee kendre newyorkchya padak qalaa companyne tayar kelee hotee, jyanni anek smaranarth samasyansathi plaster modelsvaroon kendranmadhye kapat kelee hotee. parinami kendre philadelphiya taksalamadhye pathvanyat aalee, jithe yaa samasyesathi kamache divas tayar karnyat aale. laura fraserchya namunyanmadhye samavisht asalela bharatiy bajus eka kampas gulab, jaaree kelelya nanyavar disat nahee, jaree badalache kaaran mahit nahee.
james fraserne tayar kelelya 'wagon bajoo' madhye done bailanni odhalelya eka konstoga wagonche chitran kele aahe, jee chamakdar kiranansah atyant mothya ast hott asalelya suryaprakashat jaat aahe. designerche aadyakshar wagonchya mage disatat; vahanachya khalee paach taare disatat, jaree teey kaay darshavtat teey anishchit aahe. swietech aanee breen yanni suchavale qee teey paach rajye aanee pradeshanche pratinidhitva karatat jyatoon pioneer gele asateel.
laura fraserne tayar kelelya 'bharatiy bajoo' madhye natakiyaritya prastut kelela mool american aahe, joou pasarlelya bahusah saral ubha aahe, jyache varnan vermuel shantatecha havbhav mhanoon karato. otamane manyata dilelya mool nakashanchya rachana sankalpanet fresardware bharatiy jodale gele. swatek aanee breen yanni namood kele qee bharatiyanchya 'sthitichi tulana' thamba! 'ashee magani gola vahtook polisachya bhoomikeshi kelee gelee aahe.'asha prakarchi vidhane issuechya velepasoon kelee gelee hotee;' november 1926 madhye mudravid 'neey mhatale qee bharatiyancha dawa haat' purvekadil lokanna margachya dhokyambaddal aanee adchanibaddal ishara dilyasarkha varr uchalala gela aahe. daad newyork times' madheel mikarchya 1928 chya shokasandeshat asey mhatale gele aahe qee bharatiy bharatiy manasachi paschimekade honari pragati rokhanyasathi haat varr karoon ubha hota. mool american shirastran ghalato, tyala eka kambal aanee dhanushya asate aanee too amerikechya nakashavar adhiropit keela jaato, jyat paschimekade paschimekade konstoga wagonchi eka ola asate. nanechya kathavar rachana vahoon nenyat aalee aahe; varchya ujavya bajula hudson beey disato.
ardhya dollarsathichya fracerchya rachaneche mothya pramanat kautuk jhaale aahe. swatek aanee breen yanni haah muddah "pudinadware prakashit karnyat aalelya sarvat mothya kalatmak vijayanpaiki eka" manla. nanyanchya babatit itihaskar donn taxay yanni yaa nanyala 'sarvat sunder tasech sarvat kharaa' american 'yu asey mhatale.ess. naane. aadhunik, yantrik pudinachya garjanmule chiradoon takalyavarhi assal pratibha aaplya nanyanche rupantar kalakrutimadhye karoo shakate, yaa vastusthitila heey saksh dete."
utpadan.
prarambhik prakashan.
vebarchya matey, "utpadanachya antim tappyat, [namr] 'ghaee' karnyasathi pudina uchalat rahila". philadelphiya taksalane september 1926 madhye 48,000 tukade fodale, tarr 30 1927 chya united states parakh aayogadvare tapasanisathi rakheev thevanyat aale. mikarne tyanna tyanchya margavar pratyeki 1 dollarla chalavale. pratyaksh moolya aanee vikri kimmatitil farak mhanje rastyavaril aitihasik chinhakanchi kimmat dene aanee washington rajyatil whitman mohimeche nutanikaran karane. aanee bhagala nantar sanghatnene 'ezra meaker issue' asey naav dile. pahila tukada mikarala sadar karnyat aala; tyacha thavthikana maheet nahee, tarr dusra, hawardla sadar karnyat aala, too idaho rajya aitihasik sangrahalayat aahe.
prarambhik pramanane (75 tukade pudinamadhye parat kele gele, bahudha teey kharab jhaale kinwa chukiche jhaale), sanghatnene aanakhi tukade tayar karanyachi vinanti kelee. aktoobar aanee novembermadhye sann francisco taksalamadhye eka laakh tankshalanchi nirmiti karnyat aalee, jyat pudina chinh ess (1926-ess) hote. oregon trail memorial ardha dollar asha prakare anek tankshalanvar takalele pahile smarak naane banale; boers nondavtat qee haah sanch "eka purvavarti aahe jyacha pudhil varshant vistar aanee gairavapar keela jaeel". swatek aanee breen yanchya matey, "daad association... jyaa sangrahakartyanni 1926 madhye philadelphiya nanee vikat ghetali, teey madhye prakarasathi samaan kinwa adhik sankhyene baher yeteel ashee apeksha hotee. jaree kahee hajaranchi patkan vikri jhaali asali taree ardhya dollarchi bajarpeth santrupt tharali aanee hajaro paise bharane pralambit asatana pudinapashi rahile. 29 december 1926 roji, mikarne newyorkmadhye tyacha 96 vaa vadhadivas sajra keela; tyala sanghatnene 96 oregon trail memorial ardha dollar bhet dile.
dile naan vikale gelele anek ardha dollar ajunahi sarkarchya hatat asoonahi, sanghatnene sanghatnene tarkheche ardha dollar jaaree karanyachi magani kelee; heey khajinya vibhagane (jyapaiki pudina karyalay eka bhag hote) pralambit asalyamule nakarle hote. 1928 madhye, philadelphiya taksalavar aanakhi 50,000 lock marle gele. mikarne tyache karname suruch thewaleh december 1927 madhye tyachya vadhadivashi sanghatnene tyala 97 nanee bhet dilee aanee tyache ardhe dollar newyork stock exchangechya abhyagatanchya dalanat aanale, jaree tyala jaminivar jaanyachi parvanagi nakarnyat aalee hotee. april 1928 madhye, mikarne american numismatic associationla patra lihoon, tyachya naane-sankalan gola sadasyanna 1926 aanee 1926 yaa donhi prakarchya vastoo kharedi karnyache aavahan kele. taridekhil, jaree mikarne nanee vikanyasathi rashtriy moheem aayojit kelee asali, taree karyalay aanee itar kharchanmule tyachya prayatnanmule otmala $10,000 chey nuksan jhaale. "vruddha pioneer paishat itka changla disat navhata".
1928 madhye heinry fordney aanakhi eka trail tripsathi mikarala truck chesis aanee paise dile hote, jenekarun teey wagon-top vahanat badalale jaau shakel. fordney jarr teey mishiganchya dearborne yetheel phorda karkhanyat aanale tarr vahan saumya lokansathi adhik aaramdayak banavanyacha prastav deela. tyanusar, august 1928 madhye madhye pravasasathi newyorkhoon baher padalyavar, vatet ardha dollar vikanyacha vichar karat, too thet mishiganala nighala. too aajari padala aanee rugnalayat dakhal jhaala, tethech tyacha jawaljawal mrutyu jhaala. 1853 nantar prathamach nivadanukit matdan naan jhalyane (tyanni yashasvi republican umedvar, vanijya sachiv herbert hoover yanna adhyakshapadasathi pathimba deela) asamadhani houn teey gharee paratoo shakale. washington rajyatil tyanchya gharee, meaker punha novembermadhye aajari padale aanee tyanchya 98 vya vadhadivsachya sadeteen aathvade aadhi 3 december 1928 roji tyanche nidhan jhaale. tyala puyallup yetheel smashanbhumit daphan karnyat aale, jithe tyane sthayik honyas madat kelee hotee. mikarchya mathyavar eka falak aahe, joou ardhya dollarchya wagonchya bajuche punarutpadan karato.
punha qaraa.
mikarchya mrutyunantar, otmane howard aar. chee nivad kelee. newyork vidyapithat ingraji shikshanache pradhyapak asalele driggs heey tyanche uttaradhikari hote aanee tyanni eka naveen sanchalak mandal nivadle, jeey alp karjdaranni jamaa kelele karj fednyasathi kaam karat hote. hatavaril nanyanchi vikri suruch hotee. 1930 madhye jhakalelya wagonche shatakmahotsavi, mikarchya janmachya aanee seent seent yethoon yethoon pahilya wagon trainchya shatvarshik dinachi ghoshana karnyasathi teey adhyaksh hoover yanna patvoon deu shakale. oregon deshasathi lui. yale vidyapithatil campus-wide drive heey association tayar kelele nanee vikanyache eka sadhan hote, jeey associationche karyakari sanchalak lorn doubleu. bakali, aktoobar 1930 madhye trail markersathi paise gola karnyasathi. 600 hoon adhik nanee vikali gelee.
jaree sanghatnene andaje 1,000 dollars lokanna vikrisathi vikat ghetale asale, taree tyanchya sampanantar anek varshe bahutansh 1928 oregon trail memorialche ardha dollars khajinyachya hatat rahile. sarkarne japt kelelya yaa karvaimule naane gola gola samudayat swarasya nirman jhaale-sampadkala lihileli anek patre 'daad numismatist' madhye nanichya bhavitavyachi chaukashi kartana disali. eka sangrahakane philadelphiya taksal pathavali; karyakari adhikshak fred etch. chaffinne uttar dile qee hii nanee sanghatanesathi tethe thewali jaat hotee aanee tee 1928 salchi hotee. otmala 1931 madhye aarthik sankat aale hote aanee tyache darvaje bund karnyacha vichar hota, parantu karya suru rahile, mukhyalay tyachya manhatton karyalayatun bicide, queens yetheel driggschya gharee halavanyat aale. sanghatnene hote nanyanchi 'jededia smith issue' mhanoon vikri kelee.
1933 chya suruvatila, drigsney otmachya vatine ardha dollars jaaree karanyachi magani kelee aanee karyakari pudina digdarshak merrie margaret oo 'railey yanna patra lihile. aanee nantar koshagar sachiv william etch. woodin. drigna 1928 madheel 5,000 aanee denvermadhye (1933-dii) 5,000 naveen ardha dollars havey hote, jyat 1926 madheel 10,000 ardha dollarschee adlabadal karnyacha prastav hota. exchangene midavalelya nanyansah sarkarchya tabyat asaleli serve nanee vitalayachi hotee. yala manjuri denyat aalee aanee heey tukade denver taksalavar yogyaritya fodanyat aale, jeey denverver lavaleli pahili smarak nanee hotee.
nanee bajarat aananyasathi sanghatnene newyorkchya scott stamp aanee naane kampanikade valale hote. hote ardhya dollarpacky kahee vikanyat scott yashasvi jhaala. yaa krutincha arth mudratmak vidvananni nakaratmakpane lavala aaheh q. david boerscha aarop aahe qee scotche pratinidhi, vete raymond yanni krutrim tanchai nirman karnyasathi bahutansh samasya vitalavanyacha prastav thewala aanee companyla "sangrahakanchya bholsatpanacha aanee adhik jaatee tayar karoon sanch purn karnyachya tyanchya garajecha fayda ghenyachi ichcha hotee. scotla asey vatale qee jarr 1933 chya tarkheparyant auregonchya atirikt margache ardhe dollar tayar kele jaau shakale tarr tyaa varshi shikagomadhye jhalelya pragati pradarshanachya shatkat teey prabhavipane vikale jaau shakatat."swatek aanee breen yanni namood kele qee," konatya prakarchi rajkiy chalchalan devach jaanato, oregon trail memorial association pradarshanat vikrisathi 1933 chya naveen denver ankala manyata midvanyat yash midavale ".
1933-dii paiki ekoon 5,250 marle gele, jyapaiki andaje paach chachani aayogasathi rakheev hote aanee 242 akheris vitalanyasathi parat kele gele. parat kelele tukade naan vikalya gelelyaivaji sadosh asanyachi shakyata aahe, asey boarsche mutt aahe. sanghatnene 1933-deala 'pragati pradarshanacha shatak' asey sambodhale; 1928 aanee 1933-dii heey donhi ardha dollar pratyeki 2 dollarla vikale gele. tathapi, jyanni alikadech aanee done kinwa adhik issues kharedi kele asateel, asha konalahi konalahi nanee $1.75 madhye miloo shakali aanee aanee tarkhetil 10 nanee kharedi karoon pratyeki $1.19 itaki qamee kimmatit kharedi karata aalee.
1933-dii ankala midalelya sapeksh yashamule, sanghatnene 1934 madhye aanakhi 7,000 chee magani kelee, tasech denverver dekhil hallah keela. hyanna 'phorta holl, phorta laramia aanee jasson lii issue' asey sambodhale gele aanee scotney dekhil 2 dollarla vikale. hyanna dekhil otamane paise dile naheet, tarr 1926-chya ardhya dollarsathi vinimay hote-1926-chya vitaran aakadyacha 83,055 haah otamasathi 100,000 chya barobaricha aahe aanee 1933-dii aanee 1934-dii tukadyanchya badalyat parat aalelya 55 parkhad tukdyansah 17,000 vaja hote.
punarujjivit oregon trailcha muddah sangrah samudayat vadgrast banala, mothya sankhyene nanee klabanni punha jaaree karnyachya virodhat tharav manjur kele; american numismatic associationchya adhyakshanni smarak nanee keval pudinadware vikanyachi magani kelee, khajgi sansthandvare nahee. driganni tharavancha nishedh keela, jyachya pratee federal federal pathvanyat aalya. tathapi, tyanni 1935 chya dashakat pudina magavale hote aanee jyasathi tayar kelele dabe, kadachit sangrahakanchya roshamule, kadhihi chhapale gele naheet. 1935 madhye samasya nasalyachi itar karane gruheet dharali gelee aaheth 1937 chya eka monographmadhye, boersney uddhrut kelelya, suruvatichya naane vikretya buub. max mahelane andaj vartavala qee 1934-deechya tukadyanchi vilhewat lavnyasathi scotlandla done varshe lagali.
antim mudde aanee samapti.
1934 pasoon, sanstha aanee vyaktinni nafyachi sandhee mhanoon varshanuvarshe anek tankshalanmadhye bharavanyat aalelya chhotya-bhandyanchya smaranarth samarambhanna pahile. congressne 1934 madhye texaschya shatvarshik ardh dollars anek mudde adhikrut kele, jeey 1936 madhye texaschya swatantryachya shatvarshikatecha sanman karnyasathi hote, parantu 1934 teey 1938 paryant, 1934 nantar darvarshi tinhi tankshalanmadhye jhaale. 1935 madhye aanakhi naveen smarak samarambh jhaale aanee 1936 madhye 20 hoon adhik. yaa muddyanmadhye sangeet kendra mhanoon cincinnatichya 50 vya vardhapan dinachya smaranarth jaaree kelelya cincinnati sangeet kendracha ardha dollar samavisht hota, jaree 1886 madhye tyaa shaharachya sangeet jeevanat asamanya kahihi ghadale nahee.
mudravid arley aar. slabogne, us smarak nanyanvaril tyachya khandat, 1930 chya dashkatil vipanan paddhatinvar charcha keleeh
30 december 1935 roji, drigsney oo 'releela patra lihile, jyane nelli tello ross yanchya pudina sanchalak mhanoon niyuktisah sahayyak pudina sanchalak mhanoon aapale padd punha suru kele hote, v sann francisco (1936-chya dashakat) yethe missionary marcus whitman aanee tyachya patnichya vaala vaala vaala aagmanache shatak sajare karnyasathi 5,000 oregon trail nanee jaaree karanyachi magani kelee hotee. oo 'railey aanee itar itar lagech uttar dile nahee aanee march 1936 madhye drigsney punha lihile, philadelphiya yetheel punha karyavahak adhikshak asalelya chafinane uttar dile qee dies tayar karoon sann franciscola pathvanyat aale aahet. hii nanee driggschya vinantivarun newyorkmadheel scotsla pathvanyat aalee hotee. meey mahinyat, drigsney filadelfiyamadhye aanakhi 10,000 lokanna maranyachi vinanti kelee aanee heey kele gele. yadarmyan nanyanchya vadhichya shikharavar asatana yaa nanyanchi vikri kelee jaat hotee. 1936 aanee 1936 chya dashkatil kahee vastoo scotney vikalya hotya, tarr itaranni sanghatnene newyork ciity mail dropdware, donhi babatit $1.60 prati ardha dollarchya prarambhik kimmatit vikalya hotya. 1936 aanee 1936 chya dashkatil pratyeki sahaa, vinanti kelelya pramananvyatirikt, chachanisathi maranyat aale.
juuna 1936 madhye, herbert jee. whiteman shatvarshik utsavache pramukh west yanni drigsla patra lihoon mahitee dilee qee tyanchya gatane tyanchya upkramanna arthsahayya karnyasathi (asamanyapane 1936 sathee) eka smarak ardha dollar midvanyat ayashasvi tharale hote. whiteman sanghatnene vikanyasathi oregon trail smarakcha vishesh ank magavanyachi westchee ichcha hotee. driggs heey bindhast hote, pratham paschimela sangat hote qee tyanna aasha aahe qee teey ajunahi tyanche swatache ardha dollar midvanyat yashasvi hotil aanee nantar unhalyasathi takya bund jhalyamule vishesh muddah midvane katheen hoil. akheris tyane whitman samoohala samoohala dashkatil eka hazar ardha dollar denyas sahmati darshavali, yaa ativar qee teey 1.60 dollarpeksha qamee kimmatila vikale jaanar naheet jenekarun otamachya vikrichya prayatnanmadhye kapat honar nahee. kharey tarr, drigsney 2 dollarchi vikri kimmat suchavali, jyasathi whiteman sanghatnene tyanna vikale. hyanna 'whitman shatabdi ank' kinwa 'whitman mission muddah' asey sambodhale gele. filadelfiyamadhye 1936 saalee chhapalelya bahutek vastoo scottachya grahak yadila meldware vikalya gelya. 1933 teey 1937 darmyanchya pratyek ankatil kahee bhag deshbhakt sanghatananni vikrisathi rakhoon thewala hota.
1937 chaa ank keval sanghatanedware vitarit karnyat aala kaaran scotshee kelela karar sampala hota. ekoon 12,000 vastoo (aanee chachani aayogasathi aath) denverver taknyat aalya aanee 1.60 dollarla vikalya gelya. yaa issuela konatehi vishesh naav denyat aale nahee. 1937 madhye naane vikrete mahel yanna aashchary vatale, "1936 chey philadelphiya pudina naane aata 5 dollar aanee sann francisco pudina 10 dollarver vikale jaat aahe. hii gosht kuthe thambanar? mallah maheet nahee."
qee nanee, punha vishesh navavina, tinhi takya takalya gelya, eka varshat oregonchya oregonchya nanyansathi pahilyandach. pratyek pudinavar sahaa hazar (parakh aayogasathi adhik vastoo) chhapale gele aanee haah issue teen sanchanmadhye 6.25 dollarla vikala gela. 1939 madhye teech pratha palali gelee, parantu kimmat 7.50 dollar prati sanch karnyat aalee aanee pudina 3,000 nanee aanee parkhad nanyanparyant qamee karnyat aalee. swaetek aanee breen yanchya matey, heey sanch sattebajannihi vikat ghetale hote aanee sanch surakshit karnyasathi vaiyaktik gola gola anekada issuechi duppat kinwa tippat kimmat dyavi lagat asey. nanee lagech vikali gelee naheet; otmachya lekha nondivarun asey disun yete qee qee nanee vikrisathi thevalyanantar nauu mahinyanni sansthekade ajunahi jawaljawal ardhi rakkam upalabdh hotee. tyachpramane, aktoobar 1939 paryant, sanghatnene tyaa varshichya keval 8,283 ardhya dollarschee vikri kelee hotee, jee vikrisathi upalabdh asalelya 9,000 peksha qamee hotee. taridekhil, jilhadhikari congress sadasyanna aanee koshagar vibhagala nishedh patre pathvat asat. 5 august 1939 roji congressne karvai kelee, march 1939 purvi adhikrut kelelya serve smaranarth muddyanna samapt karnara kayada manjur keela. swatek aanee breen yanni asey nirikshan nondavale qee jarr congressne hastakshep keela nasata, tarr "kadachit 1980 chee oregon trail nanee asateel".
ekoon 264,419 oregon trail memorialche ardha dollar kharch karnyat aale, jyapaiki andaje 174 heey moolyankan aayogasathi hote aanee 61,317 vitalale gele. tyanusar, ekoon 202,928 lokanna jaaree karnyat aale. oregon trail memorial haah ardha dollar haah sarvat pradirgh kalavadhisathi chhapalela smarak naane hota. tyanusar aar.ess. yommonchi 'aaa guide book auph united states coins' chee 2018 salchi delux aavrutti, sarvat swast oregon trail nanee mhanje 1926 aanee 1926 chee jawaljawal aprachalit $135 chee nanee. nanee vastoo fakt sanch mhanoon aanee pudina avasthetil (aprachalit) mhanoon soochibaddha kelya aahet, jyaa $1,350 pasoon suru hotat.
parinam.
oregon trail memorial association 1940 madhye navyane sthapan jhalelya american pioneer trails associationcha (aii. pii. tii. aii.) bhag banala, jyacha uddesh otamapeksha vyaptimadhye vyapak asane haah hota. 1942 madhye donhi sansthanchya sanyukt aarthik vivaranat asey disun aale aahe qee tyanchyakade ajunahi 7,212 ardha dollar hote. 1943 madhye 1936 aanee 1937-dii madhye ardha dollarchi vikri hott hotee. 'daad numismatist' chya september 1943 chya ankatil sampadkala lihilelya patrat asey mhatale hote qee gut oregon lakadapasoon banavalelya bhagasathi $5 laa vikri karat hota jyadvare marg chinhankit keela jaau shakato. paach dollarschee rakkam, jyat sadasyatvacha samavesh hota, eka velee eka nanyasathi dile jaat asey, patrat namood kele aahe, jevha teey tukade vikretyankadun 1.5 dollarla vikale jaat hote.
miinii howard ajunahi 1947 madhye phorta hallchi jaaga surakshit karnyacha prayatna karat hota aanee tyaa prayatnacha eka bhag mhanoon idahochya sinetara heinry dorshakne howardchya idaho sanghatanela fayda honyasathi adhik oregon trail ardha dollars jaaree karnyas parvanagi denara kayada sadar keela. 26 februwari roji rashtradhyaksh harry truman yanni sadar kelelya vividh nanee vidheykansathi aapala virodh jaheer keela. karyavahak koshagar sachiv eae.eff. phole yanni otma aanee koshagar vibhag yanchyatil itihasacha magova ghet, virodhat lihile, "nanee chhapanyache aanee takyanmadhye thevanyache aadesh denyat aale hote". banking samiteene yaa vidheykala virodh keela aanee teey ayashasvi tharale. november 2014 madhye 'daad numismatist' madheel eka lekhanusar, 1940 chya dashkatil prayatnanmule, oregon trail ardha dollar, pokatellomadhye tyacha suryoday pahilyanantar, tethehi tyacha suryast jhaala."
1963 madhye vayachya 89 vya varshi mrutyuparyant drigsney aptache netrutva kele, parantu tyachya shevatchya varshant too qamee sakriy jhaala. tyane kiman ardha dollar rakhoon thewale, aanee 1953 madhye pudinala soochit kele qee apta haah otmacha uttaradhikari aahe aanee ajunahi tyachyakade vikrisathi ardha dollar aahe. tyachya mrutyunantar, tyachya prabhavanmadhye pannaspeksha jaast oregon trail ardha dollar aadhalale. itar gatanni guptanchya thikaninchey sanwardhan aanee smarakanchi ubharani hii kaame paar padali aahet. 1963 madhye, howardchya mrutyuchya done varshanpurvi, pokatelo shaharane eka udyanat killyachya sabhagruhachi pratikruti ubharali. tathapi, pratyaksh thikan avikasit aahe, jyat eka aprasiddha chinh aahe.
1939 teey 1945 darmyan konatihi smarak nanee chhapali gelee navhati. yuddhanantar jevha adhikrutata punha suru jhaali, tevha booker tii. chya sanmanarth jaaree karnyat aalee. washington aanee george washington koreev kaam kahee varshant tinhi takya qamee kimatichya nanyanchya sanchat vikale gele. 1954 nantar, jevha asha prakarchya shevatchya vastoo chhapalya gelya, tevha 1982 paryant koshagar vibhagane punha prasar naan naan smarkala pathimba deela nahee, jevha george washington yanchya 250 vya jayantichya sanmanarth ardha dollar jaaree karnyat aala. washingtoncha ardha dollar pudinadware vitarit keela gela, aanee rashtriy karj qamee karnyasathi napha lagoo keela gela. boers lihitat, "yaveli, [smarak nanee marane] khajgi kinwa sthanik hitsambandhanchya vatine nasel".
purvi, nanyanchya lekhakankadun yaa sanghataneche aanee tichya kamkajache kathor varnan kele gele aahe. boers mhanatat qee oregon trail nanee "sunder aahet, parantu tyanchya jaaree honyachya aaspaschya paristhitimule barech kahee apekshit aahe". slabogne namood kele qee "kalatmakdrushtya, heey majhe aavadate smarak naane aahe. pann naitik drushtikonatun, asey nahee."swatek aanee breen yanni lihile qee," "naane gola gola aanee samanya janateche shoshan karnyachya sanghatanechya upkramanmule akheris congressmadhil smarakanchi lokpriyata qamee jhaali aanee shevati koshagar vibhagane pudhil konatyahi smaranarth muddyanna virodh keela, smarkasathi kaaran kitihi yogya asale taree, prayojak aayoganche pratinidhitva konee kele taree". boarschya matey, "mallah maheet aahe toparyant, aarthik laabh jeey ardha dollar jaaree karnyache kaaran pradan karatat, 'junya margavaril vividh mahattvachya bindunna vismaranatun vachavanyasathi', 'yogya smarke, smarak aanee itar' ityadi ubharanyasathi., heey kadhich ghadale nahee, kiman nanyanchya vikridvare puravilelya paishatoon taree nahee."matra, tyanna otma nondi tapasanyacha fayda jhaala nahee. dakshini utah vidyapithat sanshodhanasathi driggsche shodhanibandh ughadalyanantar, aktoobar 2013 madhye 'daad numismatist' madheel eka lekhat assa nishkarsh kadhala gela qee jaree anek kagadpatre, jase qee scotschee vyavastha, tyachya nondinmadhun gahal jhaali asali taree, tethe jeey aahe teey 'drugschya nanee vaparnyachya ichchheshi susangat disate, oregon trailchya chinhankanasathi, swatachya khishala rang lavnyasathi nahee.
pudine.
pudhil varshichya moolyankan aayogadvare tapasanisathi pratyek varshichi thodishi nanee aanee pudina bajula thewali gelee; vareel aakadevarimadhye asha tukadyancha samavesh aahe. 1933 aanee tyanantarchya summ hazar pudinapeksha haah farak aahe.
sandarbh aanee granthasuchi.
pustake
itar srot

