
operation nasser

operation nasr, jyala operation howays mhanoonahi olakhale jaate, janewari 1981 chya suruvatila ladhali gelee, hii iran-iraq yuddhachi eka mothee ladhai hotee. iran-iraq yuddhatil hii sarvat mothee rangadichi ladhai hotee.
ahwaz, susangard aanee dezful yaa shaharanmadhil irani pradeshavar aakraman karananya irani sainyachya dishene teen irani bakhtarband regiment pudhe gelya. iraqchya sainyala yaa halchalibaddal satark karnyat aale aanee tyanni maghar ghenyache natak kele. irakinni teen bakhtarband tukadya tayar karoon teen bajunni ghatalelya chaukativar hallah keela. iranchya lokanni ghatpatat chook kelee aanee donhi tank sainyane chikhal samudrat chaar divas ladha deela. iranche lock mage hutley, tyamule anek nasht jhalelya aanee apang takya chikhalat adakalya, kinwa, vahtook vyavasthechya chukichya niyojanamule, indhan aanee darugola sampala hota. bhupradeshachya sthitimule ladhaitoon eka swachchh viram rokhala gela aanee irani sainyane iranchya balavar jeey shillak hote tyacha pathpurava karoo deela nahee.
purvatayari qaraa.
22 september 1980 roji, sadam hussenchya netrutvakhalil iraqi lashkari dalanni iranvar aakraman kele. krantimule mothya pramanat kamkuvat jhalela iran, savadhgirine pakadala gela. tathapi, tyanche havai dall (nirbandh aanee shuddhimule swatach kamkuvat jhaale) iraqchya lashkari aanee audhyogik lakshyanvar hallah karnyat yashasvi jhaale, jyamule iraqchya lashkari aanee arthvyavastheche nuksan jhaale. iraqache aakraman zapatyane mandavale aanee teey khorramshaharchya pahilya ladhaisarkhya shahari karvayanmadhye irani nimalashkari dalanshi ladhanyat adakale. novembarparyant, irachi aakraman dall thambale hote aanee iranchya havai dalane aaplya irachi samkakshala mothya pramanat parabhoot kele hote. iraqchya naudalachahi naash jhaala (operation vikrut). tarisuddha, irakinna tabadtob baher kadhanyachi takad iranmadhye navhati. american nirbandhakhali asalyane, irani lokanna tyanchya bahutansh lashkari upkaranansathi sute bhag miloo shakale naheet aanee tyanna teey qamee pramanat vaparave lagale. iranchya nimalashkari dalanni aanee aniyamitanni iraqchi moheem mandavali hotee, tarr iranala yaa pradeshat aapale sainya tainat karnyasathi teen mahinyanhun adhik kaal lagla.
1979 madheel islami krantinantar, niyamit lashkar aanee havai dalala shuddhimule aanee tyanchya purvichya pashchatya mitrankadun, visheshtah america aanee britainkadoon puravatha aanee sute bhaganchya abhavamule tras sahan karava lagla hota aanee teey aata jagatil pachve sarvat shaktishali sainya navhate. darmyan, islamik krantikari rakshak dall (sepa-aii-pasdaran) yaa navya dalala mahatva midale. darmyan, 1980 madhye yuddh suru jhalyanantar pasdaran aanee lashkar yanchyatil sangharshane eka naveen tappyat pravesh keela. tehranmadhil naveen sarkarmadhye adhyaksh elimahasana banisadar aanee pantpradhan mohammed-allie rajai yanchya netrutvakhalil virodhi islamik republic party (aay. aar. pii.) yanchyat sattecha sangharsh suru jhaala. banisadarne niyamit sainyala pathimba denyas suruvat kelee, tarr irapane pasdaranla pathimba deela. yamule lashkari mohimanmadhye tivra adthala nirman jhaala aanee samanvayacha purn abhav nirman jhaala. parinami, havai hallyashivay itar konatehi mothe halle karane iranala aksharshah ashakya jhaale. donhi sainyanni tyanchi mohima swatantrapane aanee purnapane samanvay nasalelya paddhatine paar padali, tarr pasdaranne bahutansh ladhai paar padali aanee tyanna khoop manyata midali. yamule banisadarchi krantikari olakhahi qamee jhaali, kaaran tyachi olakh adhikadhik dharmnirpeksh, shaah-yugatil astitva mhanoon aanee tyacha bhag mhanoon hott hotee.
niyojan.
pathimba qamee hott asatana, rashtradhyaksh banisadar yanni tehranmadhil sarvoch nete ayatollah khomeni (jyancha rajyachya serve babinmadhye antim nirnay hota) yanna niyamit sainyachi vaiyaktik kamaan swikaranyachi parvanagi dyavi yasathi patvoon dile. banisadarne vaiyaktik kamaan swikarlyanantar aanee samore aalyanantar, tyane irakinviruddha mothya aakramanachi yojana aakhanyas suruvat kelee, jyache sanketik naav operation nasser (vijay) hote. haah hallah purnapane niyamit sainyane karayacha hota aanee jarr too yashasvi jhaala tarr pasdaran aanee tyanchya samarthakanna parabhoot karnyabarobarach ajunahi astavyast asalelya irani rajkiy paridrushyat banisadarchi sthitee vadhel.
khuzestan prantat (iraqne hallah kelela mukhya prant) hii shastrasajjit karvai karanyachi yojana hotee. jawaljawal varshbhar vedha ghatalelya aabadan shaharala aaram denyasathi tyachi rachana karnyat aalee hotee. tyapurvi iraqchya simechya madhya bhagajavalil qasar-aii-shirin aanee mehran yethe valanare halle kele jaatil. mukhya hallah 92vya "ahwaz" aanee 16vya "kazvin" bakhtarband vibhagachya teen bakhtarband tukadya aanee niyamit sainyachya 55vya paratrooper brigeddware keela jaeel. bakhtarband pravah prantachya ishanya bhagatoon karoon nadichya paschim kinaanyaalagat susangard aanee ahwaz shaharanhun pudhe jaaun karkheh nadee olandel. tyach velee, aabadanmadhil sainya tyanchya sthanatoon baher padate aanee uttarekadun yenanya bakhtarband tukadyashi jodale jaate. hii yojana purn aashcharyakarak kamgirivar avalambun hotee. hallyasathi jamavalele iranche bakhtarband sainya tyanchya virodhkanpeksha mothe hote (jyat eka bakhtarband dall hote) aanee kagdavar hii yojana vyavharya asalyache disun aale.
adhyaksh mhanoon padvi asoonahi, banisadar lashkari nete navhate. yaa yojnetil truti tyanna spasht disat nasalya taree tyanchya mohimedarmyan tyaa gambhir samasya nirman kartil. pahili gosht mhanje, shuddhi aanee nirbandhanmule krantidarmyan iranchya sainyala vinashkari nuksan sahan karave lagale hote, tyamule teey yogya sanyukt shastrastra mohima rabavoo shakale naheet. shahanchya kalatil serve varishtha senapati aanee adhikari sanvargatil sampoorn gut shuddhisathi (ektar fashi dilee gelee, turungat takale gele kinwa paradeshat paloon gele) haravale hote aanee urvarit lock titke prashikshit navhate aanee/kinwa sarvanach tyanchi vishvasarhata punha prasthapit karnyasathi moheem suru karnyat anand jhaala hota. krantipurvihi iranchya bakhtarband sainyat bakhtarband yuktya karnyat kaushalya navhate aanee krantinantar tyaa samasya vadhalya.
paristhiti aanakhi bighadavanyasathi, krantinantar lashkarachya niyamit payadal dalanpaiki bahutansh dalanna barkhast karnyat aale hote aanee tyanna parat bolavanyasathi vel qamee hota. tyamule takichya payadalala midalela motha pathimba pasdaran asava. parantu banisadar tyanna yaa mohimetoon vagalat asalyane iranchya rangadyanna payadalancha qamee mahattvacha pathimba asel. payadal mhanoon pasadarsana pathimba naan deta, irani lokanni payadal samarthan mhanoon niyamit sainyatil tyanchya 55 vya paratrooper brigedcha vapar karava. tyahunahi white mhanje, irani lokankade tyanchya pragatila aadhar denyasathi pureshi helicopters, tofkhana aanee darugola navhata. irani lock 300 talav (emm-60 pattya aanee sardar) vaparat asat, parantu pragatichi hummy denyasathi aavashyak 3:1 shreshthatva navhate (aanee kadachit 2:1 shreshthatecha dekhil abhav hota). iranmadhyehi yogya prakare hergiricha abhav hota. banisadarne kahee samasya qamee karnyacha prayatna keela hota aanee kahee pramanat irani sainyachi kamand rachana punarsanchayit kelee hotee, parantu teey fakt mothe aakraman karnyas tayar navhate.
yaa hallyache niyojan ayogya thikanasathi karnyat aale hote, jyamule prakaran aanakhi guntaguntiche jhaale. susangardchya sabhovatalacha bhoobhag chikhalmay hota aanee hangami puur aanee pavsamule jaminiche daldalmadhye rupantar jhaale, haah parisar anek prakare yogya bakhtarband yuktivadasathi ayogya hota. iranchya lokanna, khambachya magchya tokala payadalancha pathimba gheuun, prushthbhagavaril rastyanvar saral khambavar haloohaloo hallah karava lagel. yacha arth talav asurakshitpane pudhe jaat asateel aanee tyanche bajoo ughadpane ughad hott asateel. tyahoon white mhanje, hii halchal iraqi helicoptersdware sahajpane shodhali jaau shakate. irani sainyala aat shirkav karava lagnara antar dekhil atyant lamb hota aanee irani sainyane aashcharyachakit karnyachya iranachya yojanecha pratikar karat, pratyuttar dene aanee tyanchya sainyala balkat karane irakinna sope hote.
valanache halle.
operation nasarchya aadhi iranane teen valanache halle kele. pahila ladha 4-6 janewari roji iraqchya simechya madhya bhagatil qasar-aii-shirinjaval suru jhaala. iranchya niyamit parvatiy sainyachya eka tukadine, tehran aanee baghdad darmyancha mukhya mahamarg adavoon, bachavatmak sthiteet asalelya iraqi sainyavar hallah keela. yuddhadarmyan nantar khoop parichit jhalelya eka rachnet, irani lokanni iraqi sthananmadhun ghuskhori kelee aanee shatruchya kahee tukadyannahi tabyat ghetale. pann ladhai pratyek tekadi aanee parvatachya shikharasathichya ladhait badalali aanee irakinni sainyala dhaav dilee. iranane 8 kilometres pallah gathala, parantu tyanna konatahi mahattvapoorn samarik fayda jhaala nahee.
dusya hallyat itar irani parvatiy sainikanni shahar mukt karnyachya ayashasvi prayatnat vyapalelya mehranchya dishene ghuskhori kelee. antim nikal mageel ladhaisarkhach hota.
tisra hallah adhik gambhir hota. tyat ahavazchya parisarat karoon nadichya paschimes iraqi sainyavar hallah karananya irani yantrikrut vibhagacha samavesh hota. irakinna shaharachya tofkhana pattyatoon baher kadhane haah yaa yuddhacha uddesh hota. haah bhoobhag vahanansathi adhik yogya hota aanee rastyanche jaale changle hote. tyanni aashcharyachakit kele aanee irakinna anek mailanvar mage dhakalale, tathapi irakinche sainya shaharachya tofkhana haddit rahile aanee iranche madhyam teey mothe nuksan jhaale.
mukhya hallah.
mukhya hallah 5 jaanevarila suru jhaala. yaa hallyachi suruvat tofkhanyachya chhotya bombsfotane jhaali. pantoon pulancha vapar karoon irani sainyane karkheh nadee olandali. irani lokanni 300 takya vaparlya. chikhalmay bhupradeshamule teey mokalya rastyapurate maryadit hote. tyamule irani lokanni tyanche sainya stambhanchya lamb ranget ekatra kele. pahilya teen tukadyanmadhye bakhtarband brigedcha samavesh hota aanee antim tukada payadalancha hota. asha prakare payadal takyanchya mage hote aanee yaa lamb rangetlya tukadicha sampoorn bhag purnapane ughad jhaala hota.
ahwaz aanee susangard darmyan jaananya mokalya rastyavarun irani sainyane pudhe sarakoo lagale. teey atishay haloo halale aanee pratyek stambh swatantrapane halala. irani lokanna maheet nasalyane, iraqchya nirikshan vimanane jevha stambh paschimekade susangardchya dishene jaat asalyache pahile tevha tyanchya yojana aadhich viskalit houu lagalya hotya. tyamule aashcharyachakit karnyachya tyanchya yojana ayashasvi tharalya hotya. irakinni lagechach tyanchya krutiche niyojan karnyas suruvat kelee. irakinni tyanchi 10 vee bakhtarband brigade halavali aanee tyanna rastyavar irani agrim reshevar thewale. irakinni tyanchya talavanna talapasoon khalee khodale, mhanje teey chikhalat khodoon sthir tukade mhanoon vaparale gele. irakinna anekada chalanyachya kaushalyacha abhav hota aanee lahan/khalchya chhaychitracha fayda ghet niyamitpane tyanchya takya khodalelya sthiteet thevalya jaat hotya, yaa prakaranat teey yashasvi tharel, kaaran atyant chikhalmay paristhitimule bakhtarband davpechanmadhye adthala yeil. irani soviet tii-62 aanee tii-72 heey irani aaghadichya reshechya samore aanee bajula donhi thikani khodanyat aale. irakinna emm. aay.-8ess, boow-105ess, alloate aay. aay. ess. aanee saa-<aay. dii. 1> gazels yasarkhya aakramak helicoptersdware dekhil pathbal dile gele. asha prakare iraqi sapala rachala gela.
6 jaanevarila, dusya divashi, irani sainya iraqi shastrastranchya samparkat aale. iranchi hergirichi kamatarata vinashkari tharali kaaran teey jawal yet asalela sapala pahanyat ayashasvi tharale. irakinni samorun aanee donhi bajunni irani takyanvar golibar suru keela. irani lokanni bakhtarband bhala ghaloon iraqi sainyatoon baher padanyacha prayatna keela, parantu tyanche mothe nuksan jhaale. tyanantar tyanni davpech karnyacha prayatna keela. parantu tyat tyanchya takya mokalya rastyavarun aanee chikhalat fekane samavisht hote. tyanantar irani talav chikhalat adakale. pahilya irani brigedcha naash jhaala aanee anek talav nasht karnyat aale kinwa chikhalat sodoon denyat aale. taridekhil, irani lokanni hallah thambavanyas nakar deela aanee tyanchi pudhchi tukadi karvaila lagali.
dusari irani brigade pudhe gelee aanee parinam sarkhech hote. irani helicopters (aah-1jeey secobras) dekhil ladhait sameel jhalya, tyanni anek khodalelya iraqi takya nasht kelya, parantu tyanche prayatna irani jaminivaril sainyavar dabav qamee karnyasathi purese navhate aanee irani kavach mothya pramanat nuksan karat rahile. irakinkade vimanvirodhi shastrehi hotee aanee anek irani helicopters padnyat aalee. paristhiti aanakhi bighadavanyasathi, irachi yantrikrut payadalane rangadivirodhi shastransah sameel houn, yuddhala irani lokansathi kattal karnyat badalale. ladhai agadi jawalun jhaali aanee tee kroor hotee. jevha paristhiti white hott hotee, tevha iraqi vimananni kharkeh nadivaril pantoon pulavarhi bombfake kelee, jyamule irani talav adakale aanee tyanche maghar rokhale. iranche paydaldekhil viruddha kinanyavar adakale hote (teey adyap karvait gele navhate) aanee yuddhat sameel honyapasoon vegale jhaale hote. irani helicoptersney parat ladhanyacha prayatna keela, parantu tyanchyavar irachi ladhau vimananni hallah keela, jyamule anek helicopters nasht jhalya kinwa nuksan jhaale.
8 janevariparyant sampoorn irani hallah gondhalat padala hota. pahilya done tukadyanmadhil anek takya haravalya hotya, ektar nasht jhalya hotya kinwa chikhalat adakoon padalya hotya aanee sodoon denyat aalya hotya. tisya irani brigedne hallah suru thevanyacha prayatna keela, parantu tyat farshi pragati houu shakali nahee. tyaeivaji, nasser shastrakriya radd karnyat aalee aanee irani lock maghar ghenyasathi nighun gele. iraqcha pratihalla rokhanyasathi payadal dall (jyala ladhait sameel honyachi sandhee kadhich midali nahee) tyaeivaji bachavatmak sthiteet gele. shevatchya kshani irani abhiyantyanni karkheh nadivaril pantoon pulanchi punarbandhani karnyat yash midavale aanee tisya irani taakee brigedne ladhaitoon maghar ghetali aanee iraqi sainyapasoon maghar ghetali aanee karkheh nadee olandun parat jaanyat yash midavale.
darmyan, susangard yetheel yuddhadarmyan, vedha ghatalelya abadan yetheel irani payadal dalanni, bakhtarband tukadishi jodanyasathi, tyancha ladha suru karnyacha prayatna keela. jaree 16vya aanee 92vya bakhtarband tukadyancha ladhait parabhav jhaala nasata, taree teey tyanchyaparyant pohochu shakale nasate. irani payadalache mothe nuksan jhaale aanee tyanna abadanla parat jaanyas bhag padale gele.
parinam.
irakinni irancha sahaj parabhav keela hota. krantipurvi irani eka shaktishali shakti hote, parantu krantimule jhalelya nukasanamule irakinna asha prakarcha vijay midvane shakya jhaale hote. taridekhil, kendrikrut aanee lavchik iraqi aadesh aanee doordrashticha abhav yamule tyanchya vijayacha fayda ghenyat apayash aale, jyamule irani lokanna sampoorn parabhavapasun vachavale. irakinni pramukhyane sthir tofkhana mhanoon kaam karnyasathi tyanchya takyanmadhye jaminivar khodkam kele aanee teey dezful aanee susangeredchya bhovatichya ladhait kaam karat asatana, yacha arth assa hota qee teey tyanchya vijayacha pathpurava karoo shakale naheet aanee irani lokancha naash karoo shakale naheet. tyaeivaji, irani maghar ghetalyane teey khodoon ghetale gele. dezfulchya dishene jaananya karkheh nadichya agadi mage asalelya shush shaharajaval helicopter aanee kahee kavchansah irani sainyane eka kirkol pratyuttar hallah keela.
iranchya sainyasathi, yaa mothya parabhavache gambhir parinam jhaale. iranane 214 rangadya, kiman 100 itar bakhtarband vahane, kahee judd tofkhana aanee 16vya aanee 92vya bakhtarband vibhagancha motha bhag gamavala hota. anek bakhtarband vahane sodoon denyat aalee hotee kinwa chikhalat adakali hotee mhanoon tee akhandapane pakadali gelee hotee aanee irakmadhye pradarshit karnyat aalee hotee (kahee nantar jordenla vikali gelee, tarr itar 2003 chya aakramanaparyant sathavanukit rahili). iranchya lokanna tyancha pantoon pool punha ekatra karnyat yash aale nasate tarr nuksan purnapane purn jhaale asate. krantipurvi iranmadhye 1,700 talav hote (jeey krantinantar 1,000 vaparnyayogya talavanparyant qamee jhaale). susangardmadhil tyanchya parabhavamule, tyaa sampoorn sainyatil andaje 17 takke sainya nasht jhaale, jyamule irani lashkari shakti mothya pramanat kamkuvat jhaali. paristhiti aanakhi bighadavanyasathi, iranvar amerikechya netrutvakhalil nirbandhanmule, tyaa takya badalalya jaau shakalya naheet, tarr iraqi takya sahajpane badalalya jaau shakatat (kaaran tyaa nirbandhakhali navhatya aanee tyanna pashchimatyancha pathimba hota).
tyancha nirnayak vijay asoonahi, 45 iraqi takya aanee itar 50 bakhtarband vahane nasht karnyat aalee. teey sthir sthananvarun ladhale asalyane, teey sope lakshya hote. tathapi, tyanche nuksan badalale jaau shakate, tarr irani 'karoo shakale naheet.
susangard yetheel parabhavacha iranmadhye motha rajkiy parinam jhaala. rashtradhyaksh banisadar yanna ashee apeksha hotee qee, eka motha vijay tyanchi rajkiy sthitee vadhavanyas aanee tyanchya nehamichya tikatmak virodhakanna gup thevanyas madat karel. ulat agadi ulat ghadale. tyachya manyata manankanat mothee ghat jhaali aanee tyachya virodhakanni tyachyavar aanakhi tivra hallah keela. tyahoon white mhanje, tyane jyaa sainyala pathimba deela hota, tyachi aata aanakhi badnami jhaali. juuna 1981 paryant, banisadarsathi paristhiti itaki white jhaali hotee qee irankadoon bandkhor aanee pantpradhan rajai yanchya netrutvakhalil iranchya sansadene tyanchyavar mahabhiyog chalavala. tatasth lavadachi' bhoomika bajavana aanee gelya varshbhar banisadar aanee tyachya virodhkanmadhil matbhed mitavanyacha prayatna karananya ayatollah khomeni shevati tyala sodoon dile aanee tyachya mahabhiyogala manjuri dilee. bandee talhanyasathi banisadarne havai dalachya eka sadosh vaimanikasobat desh sodoon pall kadhala. banisadarchya jaagi aatache rashtradhyaksh rajai, naveen pantpradhan jawad bahonar aanee sansadeche adhyaksh allie akbar hashemi rafsanjani yanchya netrutvakhalil anadhikrut junta sthapan karnyat aala. yuddhachya kalavadhisathi iran heey irapchya netrutvakhalil ekpakshiy rajya banale.
banisadarchya mahabhiyogachi suruvat iranmadhye jawalpasache gruhyuddha aanee dahashatvadacha anek mahinyancha kalavadhi suru jhaala. hatya aanee bombsfotanmadhye kiman shekado sarkari adhikari marle gele (jyat rajai aanee bahonar aanee jawaljawal rafsanjani marle gele). iranchya sarkarne tyanchi swatachi dahashatiche laat udhalali, virodhi pakshachya 3,000 hoon adhik sadasyanna chhalale aanee fashi dilee aanee punha ekada niyamit sainyala shuddha kele. akheris tyanni tyanchya bahutek virodhakanna (bandkhor maulavyansah) dadapun takale.
septemberparyant rajkiy paristhiti sudharat hotee aanee sarkar aay. aar. pii. chya kattarpanthi lokanchya niyantranakhali asalyane iranchi lashkari parinamkarakta mothya pramanat sudharali. kattarpanthi sainya laabh ghenyas tayar hote aanee sattecha sangharsh naan hota iran punha prabhavipane ladhu shakala. mothya pramanat upkarananche nuksan aanee aatmavishvasat ghat yaa donhimule, irani sainyakade tyanchya niyamit davpechanni mahattvache manale gele nahee. tyaeivaji, tyanchya aparamparik davpechanni pasadaran payadal aanakhi prasiddha jhaale. tarisuddha, lashkar aanee pasadaran eka ashee ekata pradarshit karoo shaktil jee tyanna irakinna iranmadhun baher kadhanyat madat karel, pasadaran payadal halle suru karel aanee niyamit sainya tyanchya rangadya aanee tofkhana tyancha pathimba denyasathi vaparel.