
samuel butler (kavee)

samuel butler (14 februwari 1613-25 september 1680) haah eka ingraji kavee aanee vyangkar hota. aata pramukhyane 'hudibras' navachya eka dirgh vyangyatmak kavitesathi tyanche smaran kele jaate.
charitra.
samuel butlercha janm strainsham, warcestershire yethe jhaala aanee too eka shetkari aanee churchwardencha mulga hota, jyache naav dekhil samuel hote. tyachi janmatarikh adnyat aahe, parantu 14 februvarichya tyachya baptismyachya tarkhesathi dastaivaj purave aahet. tradeway russell nashney tyachya 1793 chya 'hudibras' chya aavruttit butlerchya baptismyachi tarikh 8 februwari mhanoon dilee aahe. nashane tyachya 'sangrah phaur aaa histree auph warcestershire' (1781) madhye butlercha ullekh aadhich keela hota aanee kadachit nantarchi tarikh sudharit vruttant asalyache disat asalyamule, anek lekhak aanee sampadakanni tyachi punaravrutti kelee aahe. tathapi, strenshamchya 1612 salchya nondinchya parrish nondinmadhye mhatale aahe qee, "vastuche naav samuel butler, samuel butlercha mulga, februvarichya 16 vya varshi 'eno utt supra' asey thevanyat aale hote. lady day, 25 march haah tyaa velee englandmadhye navavarshacha divas hota, mhanoon 1750 chya dindarshika kayadyasah varshachya suruvatichya badalanusar tyachya baptismyache varsh 1613 hote (junya shaili aanee naveen shailichya tarkha pahaa). nash tyachya 1793 chya 'hudibras' chya aavruttit assa dawa dekhil karato qee butlerchya vadilanni tyachya mulachya baptismyachi nond nondavali, hii eka chook nantarchya prakashananmadhye dekhil punaravrutti jhaali; tathapi, nond spashtapane vegalya hatane lihili gelee hotee.
butler strenshamchya surr william russell yanchya gharat lahanacha motha jhaala aanee too tyacha karakoon banala. "jevha too fakt eka mulga asato tevha too pratyek goshtivar nirikshane aanee chintan karat asey, jeey konee bolale kinwa kele, aanee teey ektar barey kinwa white asalyacha nishedh karat asey. aarop kelya jaananya karanastav too kadhihi vidyapithat navhata."tyanche shikshan versester yetheel kings skoolmadhye heinry brite yanchya margdarshanakhali jhaale, jyanche shikshan samkalin lekhak thomas fuller yanni tyanchya" "englandchya yogyate" "madhye anukulpane nondavale aahe". tarunpani too kentchya countescha sevak hota. lady kentchya madhyamatoon too ticha karbhari, nyayshastradnya johnn seldenla bhetala, jyane tyachya nantarchya lekhanavar prabhav padala. tyane chitrakaletahi haat aajmavla pann too tyat farsa changla navhata; tyachya eka sampadakane ahwal deela qee "tyachi chitre khidakya thambavanyasathi aanee curr vachavanyasathi upayogi padali" (khidakichya kachavar). yaulat, butlerla tyachya palbarierspacky eka mhanoon pureshi changli olakh asalelya johnn aubrene lihile qee, "too ekada vichar karat hota qee tyane chitrakala haah tyacha vyavasay banavala pahije. tyanchya premamule aanee chitrakalechya kaushalyane tyanchyat aanee shree. yanchyat khoop changli maitri jhaali. samuel kaupar (yaa yugatil limnerscha rajkumar."tyanni kayadyache shikshan ghetale pann sarav keela nahee.
jirnoddharanantar too wellscha swami, karbaricha dusra earl, richard wahn yacha sachiv kinwa karbhari banala, jyane janewari 1662 paryant ludalo, shropshiremadhye kiman eka varsh rahane aavashyak hote, jevha too tethil killyachya durustisathi kaam karananya karagiranna paise dett hota. 1662chya uttaradhat, tyane londonchya holborne yethe rahtana lihayala suruvat kelela aanee ludalomadhye asatana kaam karat rahilela 'hudibras' chaa pahila bhag, aanee itar done anukrame 1664 aanee 1678 madhye prakashit jhaala. pahilya done bhagancha eka prarambhik kharedidar samuel pepis hota. diary lekhakane heey pustak 'sarvat mothee fashion' asalyache manya kele, taree teey itake vinodi qaa aadhalale heey tyala samjat navhate.
hudibras' chee lokpriyata asoonahi, butlerla darbarat jaaga denyat aalee nahee. "vyangyatmak buddhi jyachyashi teey bolatat tyala aadnyabhang karatat; aanee parinami teey swatache anek shatru aanee thode mitra banatat; aanee hii tyanchi paddhat aanee cases hotee."tathapi, butler 1670 chya unhalyat buckinghamchya dukechya nokarit hota aanee francemadhil rajnaitik mohimevar tyachyasobat hota asey manale jaate. butlerla raja charles dusra yachyakadun anudanachya swarupat aarthik pathbalhi midale.
tyachya aayushyachya uttaradhat, butler aata anshatah padnyat aalelya gulab rastyavaril, covent bagechya paschimela asalelya eka gharat rahat hota.
butler 25 september 1680 roji khanyamule maran pavala aanee 27 september roji seent pietersbergchya church-yardmadhye tyala daphan karnyat aale. paulchi, covent baag; charchchya purvekadil bajula uttar bhagat. "tyache paay bhintila sparsh karatat. tyachi kabar dorechya khambhyapasun 2 yard antaravar (tyachya ichchhenusar) 6 phoot khol "eka shree. chya kimmativar. longuville, jaree too maran pavala tevha karjat budala navhata. sankshipt jeevanat' aubrene tyachya kabariche varnan 'charchchya purvekadil bajus uttar bhagat asalyache kele aahe... doarchya stambhapasun 2 yard door. tasech, 1732 madhye westminster mathat eka mudrak, johnn barber aanee londonche laurd meyer yanni tyanche smarak thewale. tyanche janmasthan, upton apon savern shaharajavalil warcestershire yetheel strenshamchya chhotya khedyatil charchmadhye dekhil tyanche smarak falak aahe.
"hudibras".
"hoodybra' heey dharmik sampradayiktechya virodhat nirdeshit aahe. hii kavita tyaa kalat khoop lokpriy hotee aanee tyateel anek vakye shabdakoshat gelee aahet. anukaran karnanyanna janm denyasathi teey purese lokpriy hote. "hudibras' heey tyache kahee vaishishtya 'donn quixot' pasoon ghete parantu tyaa granthachya ulat, tyat tyaa kalatil vyaktimatve aanee ghatananche aanakhi anek sandarbh aahet. butlerver johnn skelton aanee paul scarren yanchya 'vergile travesty' sarkhya shastriy sahityavaril, visheshtah virgilvaril vyangchitrancha dekhil prabhav hota.
"butlerchya mrutyunantarchya shatkanmadhye 'hudibras' anek vela punarmudran karnyat aale. zacherry grey (1744) aanee tradeway russell nash (1793) yanni sampadit kelelya done adhik ullekhaneey aavrutya aahet. yaa kamachi manak aavrutti johnn wilders (1967) yanni sampadit kelee hotee.
itar lekhan.
1759 madhye robbert thier yanni teey gola karoon prakashit kareparyant tyanchya itar bahutek lekhanchi chhap kadhich disali nahee. butlerne anek laghupat, upakhyan aanee shlok lihile jeey sarvat aadhi 1644 pasoon astitvat hote. tyanchya shlokanpaiki, sarvat prasiddha mhanje 'chandravaril hatti', durbinimadhye adakalelya undarabaddal, shahee samajachya surr paul niil yanchyavar vyangchitra. mock viratabaddal butlerchi chav aanakhi eka suruvatichya kavitet "cyanarctomachy" kinwa aswal aanee kutre yanchyatil ladhaidware darshavili gelee aahe, jee homerla, "batrachomyomachia" asey sambodhalya jaananya greek kavitechi shraddhanjali aanee vidambana aahe. 
tyane 'phillip niyachya aabhar mananyachya dadivar' hii kavita puritain phillip niyabaddal lihili aanee nantar 'hudibras' madhye dekhil tyacha ullekh keela.
tyachya aayushyatil nantarchya kalat paishachi kamatarata asalyache manale jaate, heey vichitra aahe kaaran tyachyakade anek aprakashit kaame hotee, jee tyala utpann deu shakat hotee, jyat 1759 paryant chhapalelya theophrestone varn rekhachitrancha sanch dekhil hota. itar anek kaame sanshayaspadpane tyachyasathi shreyaskar aahet.