greesmadheel sarvat lahan anacharisacha pravas

grissmadhil lahan anacharisacha pravas (frencha "samudraparyatan du jyoon anacharis aine grace") heey isavi sunpoorv chauthya shatkachya madhyat greesmadheel anacharis navachya skytheanchya pravasabaddalache eka kalpanik karya hote, jeey jeane-jacks barthlemy yanni lihile aanee 1788 madhye prakashit jhaale.
varnan.
jeane-jacks barthlemy yanche pustak heey eka kalpanik parantu shikalele kalpanik pravas niyatkalik hote, jeey pahilya aitihasik aitihasik eka hote, jyala eka aadhunik vidvanane 18 vya shatkachya uttaradhat 'pracheen kalatil naveen panthacha vishvakosh' mhatale aahe. 
1788 saalee 'travels auph anacharis' chee mool french aavrutti sahaa khandanmadhye prakashit jhaali hotee, jyat nakashe aanee nanyanchya punarutpadanancha purak khand hota. hii kadambari prachand lokpriy jhaali aanee pudhchya shatkat tee sumare ainshi aavrutyanmadhye disali, jyat tarunansathichya rupantarancha samavesh hota. tyache ingraji, spanish, german, italian, danish, dutch, aadhunik greek aanee agadi armeniyan bhashetahi bhashantar jhaale.
yaa pustakacha nayak anacharis navacha eka tarun skythian aahe, joou prasiddha tatvadnyani anacharisacha vanshaj aahe aanee tyache naav prasiddha tatvadnyani anacharisasarkhech aahe, jyane ii. sha. puu. 6 vya shatkachya suruvatila kalya samudrachya uttar uttar aaplya matrubhoomitun ethansparyant pravas keela. kadambaricha nayak greecela dekhil pravas karato aanee prajasattak, vasahati aanee greesmadheel betancha daura kelyanantar too aaplya mool deshat paratato aanee tyachya mhatarpanat tyachya pravasachi katha lihito.
yaa kamachya jahiratimadhye (1817 chya aavruttimadhye samavisht), barthelmine tyachya hetucha saransh dilah "alekzandarchya janmachya kahee varshanpurvi greesmadhye yenyasathi anacharis navachya eka skythianchi mea kalpana karato; aanee tyachya nivassthanachya nehamichya thikan asalelya ethensmadhun too shejarchya prantanmadhye anek sahali karato; sarvatra rahivashanchi shishtachar aanee ritirivajanche nirikshan karato, tyanchya utsavanmadhye upasthit rahato aanee tyanchya sarkaranchya swarupacha abhyas karato; kadhikadhi manvi manachya pragatishi sambandhit chaukashisathi aapala mokala vel samarpit karato aanee kadhikadhi tyaa velee bharbharatila aalelya mahan vyaktinshi sanvad sadhato; epaminonda, phosion, zenophone, plato, aristotal, demostheness aanee see. alekzandarche vadil philipane greekanna gulam banavalele pahilyanantar, too saythiyamadhye paratato, jithe too tyachya pravasacha tapasheel deto...
mea itihasapeksha pravasache kathan lihine nivadle aahe, kaaran asha kathanat serve drushye aanee krutee aahet; aanee kaaran paristhitijanya tapasheel pravisht kele jaau shakatat jyat itihaskarala parvanagi nahee."anacharsisacha pravas" madhye 363-337 bii varshe samavisht aahet.see.eae. yaa kamacha kalkram khalilpramane aahe (khalee dileli serve varshe buub aahet.see.eae.):
adhyay. aay-april 363 madhye skayathiyapasun anacharis nighun jaato.
adhyay. vi-byzantium, lesbos aanee theebs yethe kahee kaal rahilyanantar, too 13 march 362 roji ethensla pohochato.
adhyay. aay. ex. - too karinthala jaato aanee 1 april 362 roji ethensla paratato. 
adhyay. xii, ityadi. - too ethens shaharache varnan karato aanee athenianschya sarkar, shishtachar aanee dharmashi sambandhit tyachya chaukashicha parinam deto-362.
adhyay. xxii-too april 361 madhye fosisasathi nighato.
adhyay. xxiii, ityadi. - too ethensla paratato aanee 361 teey 357 yaa varshadarmyan ghadalelya anek ghatanancha sambandh sangitalyanantar, too ethanian lokanchya chaliriti, tyanchya vidnyanacha itihas ityadinshi sambandhit anek tapashilancha ullekh karato. 
adhyay. XXXIV, ityadi. - too boetia aanee greesmadheel uttarekadil prantanna-357 laa ravana hoto.
adhyay. XXXVIi-too ethanes yethe 357 teey 356 darmyan hiwala ghalavato, nantar march 356 madhye greesachya dakshinekadil prantanmadhye jaato.
adhyay. XXXVII-too olympic khelanchya samarambhat upasthit aahe-julai 356.
adhyay. jiwant asane ityadi. - too ethansla paratato, jithe too tyache nehamiche sanshodhan suru thevato.
adhyay. lx-too 357 teey 354 yaa varshadarmyan greesmadhye aanee sisilimadhye ghadalelya ullekhaneey ghatananche varnan karato.
adhyay. ell. zaay.-too 354 madhye egypt aanee pertiala ravana hoto. tyachya anupasthitit, jeey 343 paryant akra varshe chaloo hote, tyala ethanskadoon anek patre midatat, jee tyala greechya vyavharanshi sambandhit mahitee, philipachya udhyoganshi sambandhit mahitee aanee vividh manoranjak tathye aanatat.
adhyay. xii-persiahoon paratalyavar too mitileenla jaato, jithe tyala aristotal sapadato, joou tyala sarkarvaril tyacha grunth sangato, jyacha anacharis sankshipt bhag karato-343
adhyay. lxiii, ityadi. - too ethansla paratato, jithe too tyachya nehamichya sanshodhanat swatahla niyukt karato-343
adhyay. lxxii, ityadi. - too ashiyachya ashiyachya aanee aegean samudrachya anek betanvar pravas karato-342
adhyay. ell. ex. vhee. aay.-too delosachya utsavanchya samarambhat upasthit aahe-341
adhyay ell. ex. ex-too ethansla paratato aanee tyachi chaukashi suru thevato.
adhyay. lxxi-cheroniachya yuddhanantar, too sayathiyala paratato-337
jaree 'anacharis' chey varnan aitihasik kadambari mhanoon kele gele asale, taree nibandhkar carlo ginzbergne nidarshanas aanoon dile aahe qee haah kharokharach kalpanik aanee panditya yanche sanyojan aahe-aitihasik kathankasah eka paddhatshir puratan grunth. tyachya prastavnet (vareel) namood kelyapramane, barthlemyne adhik sansarik, dainandin kriyakalap, mandani aanee itihas swatach anekada durlaksh karato asha vastoo thalakpane dakhavanyachi nivad kelee. pann ginzbergne namood kelyapramane, hii kadambari "pandityane bharaleli aahe, eka pachat nasaleli vividhata aahe.yaa kamache kathanak vegale aahe-antardrushti kadhihi sakhol nasate aanee skythian nayak kvachitach prushthbhagachya khoop khalee pravesh karato. pustakacha barachsa bhag varnanat adakala aahe aanee pratyakshat too bahutekda vishvakoshasarkha vachato. 
taridekhil, heey pustak tyachya kalat mothya pramanat lokpriy hote aanee pracheen greek sanskratit rus nirman karnyas madat jhaali. shastriy vidwan aanee greek puratan vastunche utsahi asalelya barthlemy yanni pracheen greesmadheel kayade, sarkar, dharm, tattvadnyan, qalaa aanee puratan vastunche varnan karnyasathi yaa pustakat tyanche vyapak dnyan aanee sanshodhan otale aanee tyanni tyanchya serve strotancha sampoorn sampoorn ullekh keela. tathapi, ekonisave shatak jasjase jawal yet gele, tasatase anacharisache aakarshan qamee jhaale-teey puratan disu lagale aanee parinami teey vismaranat padale. aaj, teey jawaljawal visarale gele aahe. 
lokpriy sanskratitil kadambari.
gustav flobertchya 'maddam bovery' chya pahilya adhyayat, charles boveryche varnan ruenmadhil shalet asatana 'anacharasis' vachtana kele aaheh
darr guruwari sandhyakali too tyachya aaeela laal shaee aanee teen sealing-wafers eka lamb patra lihit asey; tyanantar tyane tyachya itihasachya nondi tapasalya kinwa shalechya kholeet padalelya" anacharisachya pravasacha "juna bhag uchalala." 
nibandhkar carlo ginzbergne namood kelyapramaneh 
"flobertchya" "maddam bower" "vayachya agadi pahilya panavarun, nayakancha bhavee patee charles yala samanya aanee hasyaspad mhanoon sadar kele aahe"... ruen yetheel boarding skoolmadhye vachalya vachalya 'anacharis' yaa tatvadnyanachya 'junya khand' chya ullekhas, tyachyashi sambandhit pratyek chhotyasha tapashilat kahitari vichitra aanee bharkatanare aahe. ... anacharsisacha juna khand"... vaparapasoon door hote. pann flobertsathi teey bhootkalatil eka avashesh dekhil hoteh eka chavchi saksh aanee eka jug kayamche gele."
nantar prabhav.
yaa kadambaricha france, europe aanee americetil filhelenismchya vadhivar motha parinam jhalah yaa pustakachya anek aavrutya gelya, americet tyache punarmudran jhaale aanee german aanee itar bhashanmadhye tyache bhashantar jhaale. tyane nantar greek swatantryayuddhabaddal european sahanubhooti prerit kelee aanee 19 vya shatkat pudhil bhag aanee anukarane nirman kelee. samkalin ingraji sahityik samikshanusarah
yaa kamat bhoogolshastradnya aanee nakshishastradnya (1760-1825) yanni tayar kelele anek nakashe aanee uchch darjache korivkam dekhil hote.
1832 madhye ingerjit prakashit jhalelya, koreev kaam kaam barby du bokage yanni lihilelya, "greesmadheel sarvat lahan anacharisachya pravasache chitran karnare nakashe, yojana, drushye aanee nanee" hii eka mahattvachi sambandhit aavrutti aahe.
prakashne.
1788 (frenchmadhye).
pustak 1 pustak 2 pustak 3 pustak 4 nakashe aanee koreev kaam
1843 (frenchmadhye).
pustak 1 pustak 2

