marshrutka

marshrutka kinwa marsharutnoi taski (russian aanee ukraineanh marsharutka, marsharutne [oee] eae taksi pasoon) kinwa margit taxie, purv europe aanee purvichya soviet unionchya prajasattakanmadhye prajasattakanmadhye samayik taxie aahet. sahasa vanne, teey nirdharit marganvar chalavatat, serve jaaga bharlyanantarach nighatat aanee baspeksha tyanche bhade jaast asoo shakate. jaaga upalabdh asalyas pravasi marshrutakachya margavar kuthehi chadhu shakatat.
bhade sahasa "marshrutka" nighanyapurvi dile jaate; chalkachya jawalche swar itar pravashanche bhade sopavanyasathi aanee badal parat karnyasathi jababdar asatat.
vyutpatti.
russian shabd 'marshrutka' haah 'marsharutnoae taasee' sathee bolchalcha prakar aahe, jyacha shabdasha arth 'ruted taxie' ('marshroot' mhanje kahitari pudhe chinmadhun niyojit margacha sandarbh aanee 'taasee' mhanje 'taxie') assa hoto. marshroot' haah shabd german shabd 'marshroot' pasoon aala aahe, joou 'marsh' ('chalane, kooch') aanee 'marg' ('marg') yaa shabdanni banalela aahe.
itihas.
suruvatiche divas (1992 purviche).
"moscomadhye 1938 madhye yuu. ess. ess. aar. madhye prathamach 'ruut taxicab' sadar karnyat aale, jeey zis-101 limozines chalavale gele. tyanni samanya lokanna alishan zees gadyanmadhye pravas karanyachi sandhee dilee, anyatha uchch uchch rakheev. suruvatila, teey pramukhyane paryatkansathi hote aanee pramukhyane sthanke aanee vimantalanvar seva dett asat.
taximetercha vapar kaam samanya taxicabchya ulat, traum, bus aanee trolley bassarkhya kshetrandvare margit taxicabchya pravasasathi shulk aakarle jaate. bhade samanya taxipeksha swast hote parantu mothya pramanavaril sarvajanik vahatukichya tulanet jaast hote. samanya taxichya ulat, jithe pravasi khajgi pravasacha anand gheu shakat asey, margastha taxicab tyachya margavar pravashanna gheuun jaate aanee sodate. samyavadi rajvatit, sarkari malkichi taxicab udyane serve marshrutka chalvat asat.
itar mothya soviet shaharanni (mosco vyatirikt) margik taxie aayojit kelya. udaharanarth, gorkikade sormovo aanee nizni novgorod cremlin darmyan margastha taxie marg hota. purn bhade 3.00 rupaye hote; ashach prakarchya sevesathi basane 1 rubal kinwa tramney 50 kopek kharch aale.
tarr mahayuddhachya kalat, laal sainyane karchi magani kelee mhanoon, margastha taxie seva bund jhalya. 1945 madhye moscomadhye teey punha suru jhaale. keval 1950 chya dashkaparyant teey yuddhapurvi karyarat asalelya bahutek shaharanmadhye punha disu lagale. zis-110 aanee gaz-12 zim qaar 1960 chya dashakachya madhyaparyant yaa bhoomiket mothya pramanat karyarat hotya.
margastha taxicab dekhil aantarshahari seva dett asat. moscohoon teey sympheropol, kharkiv, vladimir, tula aanee riyazan yasarkhya durchya shaharanmadhye gele. udaharanarth, mosco-yalta marg unhalyat chalavala jaato, done divas lagato, belgorodmadhye (kurskajaval) ratricha thamba asato.
1960 chya dashakat, pravasi gadyanchi jaaga ghet, raff-977 minibus hii sarvat samanya marg-taxie vahane bunley. nagarpalika adhikari marg chalvat asat; asha prakare, pradeshannusar gunavatta aanee sankalpana khoop bhinn hotee. bus aanee margastha taxie cabmadheel bhadyache antar qamee jhaale. udaharanarth, moscomadhye, manak basache bhade 5 copex hote aanee bahutek marganvar minibusche bhade 15 copex hote; gorkimadhye niyamit bus-pravasasathi 6 copex aanee marg-taxie pravasasathi 10 copex hote.
nantar, naveen model raff-2203 latvija (1976 madhye sadar) neey raff-977 miinii baschi jaaga ghetali. akheris, vyavharikdrushtya serve marshrutka sevanmadhye raaf-2203 latvij vaparale jaatat; anek lock marsharutkanna "latvias" kinwa "rafiq" mhanoon sambodhatat.
marshrutka boom (1992-2000).
bajar arthvyavasthanchya parichayamule see. aay. ess. madheel shahari loksankhyela vahatukicha puravatha mothya pramanat badalala. jalad aanee adhik ashtapailu sarvajanik vahatukichi magani lakshaniyaritya purn jhaali, tarr alp-nidhi asalelya nagarpalika vahtook vyavasthechi magani qamee jhaali; lock changlya sevesathi hapte bharnyas tayar hote. jaree duyyam bajarat midavalelya buses (ikarus, laaz, paz, raaf aanee kavj sarkhya, tasech aniyamitpane aayat kelelya vaparlelya minibus), 1990 chya dashakachya suruvatipasun udhyojkandware sarvat vyast marganvar backup mhanoon vaparlya jaat asalya, taree 1996 madhye vahan utpadak gazne mothya pramanat utpadit keleli pahili russian minibus, gazelle, suru hoiparyant aadhunik pranalila aakar deela nahee.
gazelle hii swast (sumare 8,000 americi dollar), durustisathi sopee aanee baaraa pravashanchya basanyachi kshamata asaleli bhadepatti-anukool pravasi minibus asalyane tee twarit yashasvi jhaali. anek vaiyaktik udhyojakanni tasech kahee mothya kampanyanni bajarat pravesh keela. yaveli, visheshtah sarvajanik vahatukisathi parvanyachi aavashyakta navhati. vahanala keval varshik suraksha tapasani paar karavi lagali, jee tulanene sopee hotee, kaaran sthanik adhikari gaz karvar vishvas thevat asat. shivay, naisargik vayuvar chalanyasathi gajel sahajpane susajj karata yeu shakate.
yaa kalat, bahutek marshrutka heey susthapit sarvajanik vahtook marganche anusaran karat asat.
aadhunik divas (2000-sadhyache).
khajgi malkichya sarvajanik vahatukichya yashamule samajakadun kahee pramanat pratikriya umatali. sthanik parivahan suraksha aanee parvanyachya aavashyakta kathor karoon pratisad deela-udaharanarth vinanti kelyavar vishisht sankhyene apang pravashanchi anivarya vinamulya vahtook aanee marg parvanyatil "package saude"-fayadeshir margavar vahan chalavanyacha visheshadhikar anek gair-fayadeshir vahan chalavanyachya kamashi jodala. bajarpethet ektar mothya companyanche kinwa vaiyaktik miinii baschya malak-sanchalakanchya sanghatananche varchasva hote. kahee nagarpalika sarvajanik vahtook kampanyanni vyavasayat pravesh keela aanee vadhatya spardhemule kimmati ghasaralya.
aanakhi eka parinam mhanje qaar aanee bus utpadkankadun motha pratisad. junya utpadakanni lahan, adhik kushal models (jase qee paz kinwa kaaz) sadar kele aanee miinii baschi parvanadharak assembly suru kelee (krazne iveco miinii bus ekatra karnyas suruvat kelee). naveen isuju bogdan, taata italon aanee itaranchya rupatil dizzell modelsna prachand lokpriyata midali aahe. kshamata pandhra basalelya pravashanpasun pannaschya khachakhach bharalelya chhotya basesparyant vadhali. pramukh shaharanmadhil sarvat vyast marganvar aata purn aakarachya khajgi malkichya buses vaparlya jaatat jyaa nagarpalika companyansobat samaan kimmatit chalatat. mool gazelmadhye, kharedidaranchya maganya changlya prakare purn karnyasathi, dizzell engine asalelya models, tyachya shareer, lambi aanee pravasi kshamatet kahee adhikrut badal karnyat aale.
russia, ukraine, bellaroos aanee moldova.
russia.
russiamadhye, gezel, mercedees-benz dhavpatu, pyujo boxer, fiate dukato, reynolt master, volkswagen crafter, iveco delly aanee phorda transit vanne sahasa marg taxie mhanoon vaparlya jaatat, jaree purvekadil bhaganmadhye toyota hiyas sarkhya japani minibus adhik lokpriy aahet. aahet teey (gazelle aanee japani vanne vagalata) vishesh udhyogandvare (jase qee seent nezegorodates, pii. keey. eff. leuidor, promteh-aine. aine. aanee itar) khidakya kapoon, kaach ghaloon, aasanvyavastha sthapit karoon, svayanchalit sarkanare darvaje, triim aanee handrell (dilelya kriyakalapasathi vanche parvanadharak utpadak aahet aanee adhikrut vikreta jaalyandvare vikale jaatat) vanmadhun nutanikaran kele jaatat. railway sthanke, metro sthanke aanee traum aanee trolley bus marganchya shevati hastantaran bindunvar marg taxie jamtat. chhotya buses dekhil vaparlya jaatat, jase qee paz-3205 (lahan shaharanmadhye), paz-3204, bogdan, hyundai county tasech chinmadhun chinmadhun chhotya buses.
seent. pietersberg yaa margala 'keey. ex. ex. ex.' mhanoon olakhale jaate, jyamadhye 'ex. ex. ex' hii bus, traum aanee trolley bus marganchi sankhya aahe aanee 'keey' mhanje 'vyavsayik' (Комерчесссия, 'komarchesky') yaa russian shabdacha arth aahe. keval marg taxidware pravas kelele marg aahet-metrochya antim sthankala jodanare shahar-paar marg. sahasa, serve jaaga vyapalya jaiparyant marg taxie margachya prarambh binduvarun nighanar nahee.
unch naslyamule ubhe rahanyachi jaaga nasalelya aanee kebin bharalelya gazelmadhye, bus thambyavar ubhe asalelya lokanchya vinantinusar teey thambat naheet aanee jevha eka kinwa adhik jaaga rikt hotat tevha thambatat (chalak bharnyavar laksh thevato aanee praveshdvaravar atirikt pravasi door valavato) aanee itar serve shatalmadhye ubhe rahatat aanee teey tethech rahatat, mug teey kitihi jaaga asot. vinanti naan kelyas taxie thambe sodoon deil aanee (jarr gazelle kinwa tatsam chalavale asel tarr) bipass helling rydersla jaaga rikamya hoiparyant. bhade samanyatah niyamit baschya deed kinwa duppat asate.
niyamit vahatukipeksha qamee gardichya paristhitit marg taxie pravashansathiche aavahan adhikrutpane vegwan pravas manale jaate; shahar-paar marganche anusaran karnare taxie marg bahutek vela sarvat vegwan asatat. tathapi, anek shaharanmadhye nagarpalika vahtook seva kosalalyane marshrutakachya madtishivay pravas karane purnapane avyavharya hote.
seent. pietersberg marshrutakache sarasari bhade prati vyakti 35 rubals (0.70 euro) aahe, intercity basache bhade 70 aar. bii. ell. (1.40 euro) paryant pohochate. itar shaharanmadhye (udaa.jee., novosibirsk) heey prati vyakti 20 aar. bii. ell. (€0.40) itake qamee asoo shakate. pravasi ektar rokh kinwa vahtook card (eae-wallet) dware paise bharatat.
2016 madhye moscone marshrutka aanee khajgi buses shahar vahtook jaalyat samavisht karnyavar bandee ghatali aahe. khasgi buses aata nirdharit marganvar chalatat aanee niyamit tikite swikartat. tathapi, mosco oblastkade jaanare kinwa tethoon ugam pavnare marg asalele marshrutka shaharat chalavanyas parvanagi aahe aanee 2019 madhye mosco oblastchya simevaril jilhyanmadhye jase qee vayakhino-zulebino, novocosino kinwa levobereznimadhye ajunahi samanya aahet.
marshrutka chalvane tulanene swast aanee jalad aahe. paradeshi lokanchya lakshat aaleli ekmev kamatarata mhanje kharab dhwani insulation, jyamule tumhala thambanyachi vinanti karnyasathi chalkakade aksharshah oradave lagel. 2019 madhye russiamadhye miinii marshrutka bandhanyat aale.
ukraine.
yukrenmadhye bogdan aii091 aanee aii092 buses hii sarvat samanya marg taxie aahet jee shahare aanee shaharanmadhye chalavali jaatat. sarvasadharanpane bhade shaharachya malkichya sarvajanik basespeksha jaast asate. niyukt bus thambyachi parva naan karata basmadhye utarane shakya aahe, parantu samanyatah heey chalkachya vivekbuddhivar avalambun asate. rajya vahan tapasani (dai) bus thambyabaher pravashanna uchalanyas manai karate. marsharutkanna tikitanchi aavashyakta nasate, jaree pravasi kharchachya davyachya uddeshane pavati mhanoon bhade bharatana tikit magoo shakato.
italon aanee bogadanmadhye sahasa tikit vikanara vahak asato. gazelle kinwa rupantarit vanmadhye, pravasi uchalalyavar kinwa nighun gelyavar, bhade thet chalkala dile jaate. pravashansathi sahkari pravashanche bhade chalkashi sangane aanee gardichya basmadhun paise parat ghene hii samanya shishtacharachi baab aahe.
"pratyekjan jalad basache paise deto".
kyiv, ukraine aanee itar shaharanmadhye, marshrutka jalad basgadya mhanoon vikasit jhalya. sarvajanik margavaril sookshm buses chhotya, madhyam aakarachya aanee kadhikadhi mothya bus asoo shakatat, jyaa samanya nagarpalika nidhi asalelya basespeksha jaast bhadyane dilya jaatat. teey mahinyache vargani tikitahi ghet naheet. marshrutka nivruttivetandharkanna gheuun jaat naheet. shaharanusar, apang vyakti, vidyarthi, kayada amalbajavani karmchari aanee nagri sevak (paas dharak) vinamulya pravas karatat. marshrutka adhik vinamulya pravasi ghenar naheet (udaa.jee. apang) pratyek vahanachya eka maryadit sankhyepeksha, tarr samanya bus, trolleybus aanee trammadhye lokanchi sankhya maryadit nahee aanee lokanchya (nivruttivetandharak ii.) adhik shreni aahet.) mofat pravas karnyacha adhikar aahe. mhanunach shaharat sarvasadharan bus, trolley bus aanee trampeksha anek patine jaast marshrutka aahet.
nagarpalika nidhichya basgadyanni pasdharkanna mofat vahtook karane aavashyak asalyane, pasdharak khasgi basgadyanaivaji nagarpalika basgadyancha vapar karnyas pradhanya detat. marsharutkanchya mukt pravasachya pravasachya abhav mhanje tyanche vargikaran 'taxie' mhanoon kele jaate."sarvasadharanpane" mofat pravashanni bharalelya "samanya nagarpalika buses, parinami fayadeshir nasatat aanee aarthik nuksan karatat. jarr marshrutka heey palikechya basache samaan bhade ghet asel, tarr marshrutka adhik fayadeshir tharel, kaaran vimanat eka kinwa ekahi mofat pasaswar naslyamule napha prabhavipane duppat hoto.
marshrutka sahasa samanya basgadyanpeksha adhik vegane aanee adhik varanvartesaha chalate. shaharat marshrutka thambavane, prasthapit thambyanvar, prathebaher yete, pravashanchi mothee sankhya aanee thambyanchya uchch varanvartemule katheen hote.
1990 chya dashakat jevha sthanik parivahan tatpurte shahar baschya kamasathi aarthik madat karanyachi kshamata gamavali, tevha bus chalakanni tyanchya baschya khidkyanmadhye 'taxmotor' shilalekh asaleli tablet basavali. yacha arth pratyek pravashala bhade bharave lagat hote.
bellaroos.
minsk, belarusmadhye, vahanancha tafa rashiyasarkhach aahe, jyamadhye mercedees-benz dhavpatu aanee phorda transit yancha samavesh aahe.
moldova.
moldova yethe, 'ruteerele' sampoorn rajdhanit aanee deshatil bahutek mothya shaharanmadhye pasarate. bahutek ruteerele pandhare asatat aanee tyanna havechya pravahasathi keval chhatavaril vent aanee samoril khidakya asatat. rutirelemadhye sahasa sumare 16 lock basoo shakatat aanee railing dharoon ubhe rahnyasathi aanakhi 15 teey 20 lock basoo shakatat.
dakshin coccus rajye.
armeniya.
yerevan, armeniya, marshrutka ("marshrutka" kinwa "ertien tessy" erty 'yugen tuxi ") chee kimmat mothya basesaitakich aahe (2018 madhye 100 amd), pravasi baher padalyavar bhade dile jaate. tikite dilee jaat naheet. marshrutka tyanchya margavar kuthehi swagat kele jaau shakatat, jaree tyanche vishisht thambe aahet aanee chalkala odhanyachi ichcha asalyas swar konatyahi velee baher padoo shakatat. kayadyanusar pramukh rastyanvar marshrutka keval niyukt thambyanvarach thambatat, parantu yaa kayadyache palan heey vahanchalak aanee konatyahi velee polisanchya amalbajavanichya pramanavar avalambun asate.
marshrutka heey aarmeniyatil vahananchya aantarnagar vahatukiche prathamik swaroop aahe (ararat (ararat baher, jithe kahee purn aakarache bus marg chalatat). udaharanarth, janewari 2016 paryant, yerevan aanee ijevan darmyan eka tasala marg aahe-andaje done tasancha pravas-1500 amd kharch yeto. aarmeniyatil bahutek bus sthankanvarun, jawalchya anek lahan kinwa madhyam aakarachya shaharanna jodanare marshrutka marg shodhane shakya aahe.
georgia.
tibilisi, georgia, marshrutka ("marshrutka" marshrutka; adhikrutpane, "samaruto taasee", "samaruto taski", "ruut taxie") chee kimmat 50 tetri teey 1 lariparyant badalate. 2011 paryant, tbilisimadhil serve marshrutakache bhade 50 tetri itake hote. tathapi, naveen phorda transit minibus vahane sadar kelyanantar, kimmat vadhali aanee aata tee 1 literver aahe. pravashanchya vinantivarun marshrutka thambatat. konatehi vishisht thambe naheet. bahutansh marshrutka madhye, chalkala rokh rakkam dilee jaate, parantu serve cab tbilisi metroman card (purv-bharit shahar vahtook card) varoon deyake swikaru shakatat.
baltic rajye.
latvia.
aitihasikdrushtya, latvian ess. ess. aar. chya mothya shaharanmadhye marshrutka (latvian bhashet 'microatobus') heey vahatukiche eka samanya sadhan hote, yaa uddeshasathi vaparlya jaanarya raaf-2203 yaa ekmev minibus hotya.
aajchya latvhiyamadhye, rigavyatirikt bahutek shaharanmadhye marshrutka aata sevet naheet. ekekali marshrutakache varchasva asalelya thikani, nishchit velapatrak aanee nishchit bus thambe asalelya miinii basgadyanni vahatukiche prachalit sadhan mhanoon taba ghetala aahe.
lithuania.
lithuaniamadhye, marshrutka 1980 chya dashakachya shevatapasun vividh shaharanmadhye sevet hote-mukhytah vilnius aanee kaunasmadhye, parantu klayapeda, siolai aanee itaratrahi. tyancha vapar pramukhyane shaharachya haddit sarvajanik vahtook mhanoon keela jaat asey, parantu kahivela tyanche marg shaharachya maryadebaher vistarle jaat asat. marshrutka mothya pramanavar vaparale jaat hote, pravasi swatach spasht karatat qee marshrutka haah sarvajanik vahatukicha eka jalad marg aahe bus kinwa trolleybuspeksha.
estonia.
estoniyamadhye, marshrutka (estonianmadhye "marceruttaxo") tallinmadhye vaparale jaatat. teey bahutekda shaharala jawalchya chhotya shaharanshi shaharanshi marganvar vaparale jaatat, jase qee sakoo, sauu aanee coses jethe bahutek lokankade qaar aahet aanee sarvajanik vahatukichi magani qamee aahe parantu anek prasthan vela ajunahi upayukt aahet. lokal gadya aanee vahatukichi itar paryayi sadhane chaalat naslyamule sandhyakali usheera usheera pravashanche bhade jaast asoo shakate. jyaa upnagaranmadhye madhyaratrichya sumaras basaseva sampatat, parantu kahee marshrutka suruch rahatat, tyaa upnagaransathi sandhyakali marshrutka dekhil eka changla paryay aahe.
madhya ashiya.
madhya ashiyamadhye (kiman uzbekistan, kazakhstan aanee kyrgystanmadhye), marshrutka yethe ubhe rahanyachi parvanagi aahe. kharey tarr, tarr pravashala chadhanyasathi pureshi jaaga mileparyant chalak anekada pravashanna marshrutka chadhanyas aanee ekatra gardi karnyas protsahit karatat. asha paristhitit, ekada ekhada pravasi marshrutka madhoon baher padala qee, driver itaransathi thambel aanee too punha bharalela hoiparyant tyanna chaloo deil. marshrutka bus sthankanvar chadhavale jaau shakatat, parantu swagat kelyas teey sahasa itar thikani thambatat aanee pravasi baher padanyachi vinanti karat nahee kinwa sambhavya pravasi marshrutakache swagat karat nahee toparyant teey anekada bus sthankanvar thambanar naheet.
pravasi konatyahi kshani baher padanyachi vinanti karoo shakatat parantu chalkala thambane soyiche vatate toparyant pratiksha karavi lagoo shakate.
vishisht madhya ashiyai marshrutka hii sahasa sahasa rangachi minibus asate, jee 'mercedees' mhanoon olakhali jaate, jaree tee konatyahi rangat yeu shakate, kahivela vishisht marg vegale karnyasathi vaparali jaate. sarvat jaast vaparlya jaanarya modelschya chhapparavar eka vent asato joou aateel vatavaran khoop bharalele asalyas pravasi ughadu shakatat. jaree niyam nasla taree itar vahane dekhil vaparali jaatat.
bishkekmadhye prati bhade samanya kimmat 15 sooe. aahe aanee hastantaran nahee. manas aantarrashtriy vimantalapasun bishkekmadhil oshh bajaraparyant 40 soam aahe. almatimadhye, 3 janewari 2008 roji, basache bhade 40 tengvaroon 60 teng (sumare 40 seent) paryant vadhavanyat aale. teey shahar asso kinwa gaav, sthanik rahnimanacha kharch, margadvare kitee antar kapale jaate aanee sarkari dhoran yavar avalambun, kimmati sampoorn madhya ashiyamadhye badaltat.
majee soviet deshanchya baher.
finland.
finlandmadhye deshantargat marshrutka parampara nahee kaaran desh kadhihi soviet unioncha bhag navhata. 1930 chya dashakapasun taxie aanee aanuvanshik marg savalatinsathi parwana vaparoon kinwa shahar parivahan parivahan bus vahatukisathi sampoorn taba gheuun sarvajanik vahatukivar kadak niyantran thewale gele aahe, jyamule marshrutka-prakarchya sevansathi konatihi shakyata urali nahee.
heey niyaman keval "deshantargat" vahatukeela lagoo hott asalyane, finlandmadhye marshrutka karyarat aahet. helsinki aanee seent pietersberg yanchyatil soviet unionchya vighatananantar aantarrashtriy vahatukimadhye russian marshrutka karyarat aahet. keval finnish-russian seema olandanyachya sahalinsathich teey chadhata yetat. helsinki aanee seent pietersberg darmyan pravas karnyacha marshrutka haah sarvat swast marg aahe.
israyal.
sherut" madhye, pl. "moniot sherut' haah shabd mhanje 'seva'. israyalmadhye samayik taxie mhanoon kaam kaam vanne kinwa minibuscha sandarbh detana, tyaa tyanchya margavar kuthoonahi uchalalya jaau shakatat. teey nishchit marganche anusaran karatat (kadhikadhi sarvajanik vahtook basespramanech marg) aanee sahasa purn bharlyanantarach suruvatichya sthanakatun nighatat. "moniot sherut" heey aantar-shahar aanee aantar-shahar asha donhi thikani kaam karate. aadhi basalelya pravashanni tayar kelelya 'manvi sakhali' madhye chalkachya haatee paise deuun anekada paise dile jaatat. jyaa vyaktine tyach margane paise dile aahet, tyala badal (aanee vinanti kelyavar pavati) parat kele jaatat. shaharantargat marganvar, jethe teey adhikrut basgadyanshi spardha karatat, tethe chalak sahasa rediodware tyanchya pravasache samanvay sadhatat jenekarun teey sarvajanik vahtook basesachya agadi aadhi bus sthanakat pohochu shaktil aanee jastit jaast pravashanna gheuun jaau shaktil. israyali sarvajanik vahtook jaalyachya bahutansh bhaganpramane, 'sherut' seva dekhil shabbatvar chalatat.
aagney europe.
bulgaria.
bulgarian marshrutka yaa sanukoolit pravasi vanne aahet. mageel bajus, pattyanmadhye aanee hatodyanmadhye mothya khidakya samavisht karnyasathi tyat badal karnyat aale aahet.
kahee prakarananmadhye, aasan badalanyat aale aahe-adhik pravasi vahoon vahoon lokpriy marganvar samanyatah jaast jaaga asate.
sofiyachi marshrutka pranali lakshaniyaritya vikasit jhaali aahe aanee 1980 chya dashakachya uttaradhapasun astitvat aahe, jee shaharachya madhyabhagatun jaanare, bahya upnagaranshi aanee jawalchya gavanshi sampark sadhanare anek marg pradan karate. sophiya fleetmadhye pyujo boxer, citroen jumper, phorda transit, iveco delly aanee reynolt master yasarkhya modelscha samavesh aahe. itar shaharanni ashich pranali sweekarli aahe aanee upalabdh model shaharanusar badaltat.
sarvajanik vahatukipramanech, teey shaharachya sabhovatalachya kramankit marganvar chalatat aanee tyanche nishchit bhade asate (sofiyamadhye 1.5 leva, 2014 paryant €0.75 chya samatulya); bhade aat aalyavar dile jaate. marshrutka margat kuthehi thambanyas bandhil naheet, jaree ashee kahee lokpriy thikane aahet jithe tyancha veg qamee hoto. marshrutka chalakanna taxisarkhya paddhatine thambanyas aanee eka uchalanyas sangitale jaate; chalkashi utaranyachi vyavastha kelee jaate, anekada fakt ubhe rahoon darakade jaata yete. kadhikadhi vahanchalak vahtook kondi kinwa rastyanchi kaame talhanyasathi charted margavarun baher padnyasathi sammati magto.
marshrutka heey samanyatah pandhare asatat, jaree tyancha rung badaloo shakato aanee teey anekada jahiratinmadhye anshatah jhakalele asatat. ektya sofiyamadhye sumare 50 marshrutka marg aahet; yaa marganche sanchalan swatantra khajgi kampanya karat aahet. plovadivmadhye sumare 10 marg chalatat.
romania.
kahee sthanik prashasanane samudayachya malkichya mahagadya basgadyanchya vyavastha radd kelya tevha romaniyamadhye, "microbuse" kinwa "maxie-taxie" neey lahan shaharanmadhye shaharanmadhye sarvajanik vahatukichi garaj purn kelee. bucharstmadhye, vahatukicha haah prakar 1980 chya dashakachya suruvatila disu lagla, jevha aay. tii. bii. neey tyanna gardichya velechi seva mhanoon vaparnyas suruvat kelee, aanee 1980 chya dashakachya uttaradhat rokar-tv vandware purak kelya kelya, irenational-nirmit mercedees-benz tii 2 vanne vaparnyas suruvat kelee. 1990 madhye, navyane sthapan jhalelya ratbane aapale karya khajgi operatorna vikale, jyanni tyancha vapar rabchya spardhet karnyas suruvat kelee. visheshtah 2003 teey 2007 paryant aanee 2011 pasoon, jevha ratbane upnagariy marg chalavanyache adhikar gamavale, tevha tyanna vyapak lokpriyata midali. kalya samudrachya samudrachya, constanta kinwa mangaliyapasun resortsparyant miinii basane (microbuse) pravas karane khoop samanya aahe, visheshtah tyaa resortsmadhye jethe spardhatmak railway seva samudrakinaryapasun aanee/kinwa nivas suvidhanpasun door aahe. yaa miinii basgadyanvar tyanchya sandigdha karye, surakshitatecha abhav aanee adim vahtook paristhitisathi teeka kelee gelee aahe.
ashiya-prashant.
aagney ashiyamadhye ashach prakarchya pranali aadhalu shakatat, jase qee philipinesmadhye jeepani navachya miinii bus aanee thayalandmadhye songthayu navachya miinii bus. 
bharatat, riksha navachya teen chakee taxie cabchya upasthitivyatirikt anek shaharanmadhye miinii buses aahet. kolkata shaharat shaharantargat pravasasathi miinii buses visheshtah lokpriy aahet parantu itaratrahi aahet. himalayin pradeshat aanee ishanya bharatatil dongral bhagat sarvajanik vahatukiche heey eka mahattvapoorn sadhan aahe, kaaran vahatukichi itar sadhane kvachitach aadhaltat kinwa purnapane anupasthit asatat.
16 kinwa 19 aasan asalelya minibuses hongkongmadhyehi ashach prakarchya pranali chalavalya jaatat. sarvajanik prakash bus#red miinii bus tyanchya laal rangachya chhapparasah nehamichya miinii baspeksha vegalya aahet aanee agadi qamee apavad vagalata, marg sankhyecha abhav aahe. velapatrak naslyas, jevha tyanna vimanatil pravashanchi sankhya aarthikdrushtya nyayya vatate tevha chalak nighu shakatat. vishesh vaishishtyanmadhye tyacha uchch veg (kahee marganvar tashi 110 kimeeparyant) aanee chalkala, agadi vimanatil pravashansah, pravas purv-paripakvapane sampavanyachi parvanagi yancha samavesh hoto. purn bhade aakarnyachya tyanchya adhikarachya antargat asale taree, vahanchalakanna jarr pravashala vachan dilelya gantvyasthanavar pohochavata yet nasel tarr teey sahasa bhade qamee karatat kinwa vagalatat.
africa.
kahee african deshanmadhye matatu (kenya), daala daala (tanzania) kinwa trow trow (ghaana) navachya miinii bassah ashich pranali aahe.

