
david walker (nirmulanvadi)

david walker (september 28,1796-august 6,1830) haah eka american nirmulanvadi, lekhak aanee gulamgirivirodhi karyakarta hota. jaree tyache vadil gulam hote, taree tyachi aaee mukt hotee; mhanoon, too dekhil mukt hota ('parts sikvitur ventraim'). 1829 madhye, massatucets bostenmadhye rahat asatana, african grand lodgechya (nantar prince holl grand lodge, massatusets adhikarkshetra asey naav denyat aale) madatine, tyanni 'jagatil rangeet nagarikansathi eka apeal' prakashit kele, jyat kalya ekteche aanee gulamgiriviruddhachya ladhyache aavahan hote.
apeal' neey gulamgiriche shoshan aanee vishamata aanee dharmik aanee rajkiy tattvannusar vagnyachi vyaktinchi jababdari yakade laksh vedhale. tyaveli, kahee lock yaa patramule honanya pratikriyemule ghabarale aanee ghabarale hote. dakshinekadil nagrik visheshtah walkerchya drushtikonamule naraj hote aanee parinami "deshdrohi prakashananchya" prasaravar bandee ghalanare kayade hote aanee uttar carolinachya vidhimandalane gulamanvar aanee krishnavarniyanna mukt karnyasathi uttar carolinamadhye aataparyant manjur kelelya sarvat dadapshahichya upayayojana lagoo kelya.
tyacha mulga edward jee. walker heey vakeel hote aanee 1866 madhye massatusates rajya vidhimandalat nivadoon aalelya pahilya done krishnavarniy purushanpaiki eka hote.
prarambhik jeevan aanee shikshan.
tyachya janmachya varshavar itihaskarankadun vaad hott asala taree walkercha janm uttar carolinatil wilmington yethe jhaala hota. tyachi aaee mukt hotee. tyachya janmapurvi maran pavalele tyache vadil gulam hote. american kayadyane parts sikvitur ventremche tattva sweekarle asalyane, shabdasha 'jeey garbhashayanantar pudhe aanale jaate', walkerla tyachya aaicha swatantra vyakti mhanoon darja varsa mhanoon midala.
sahkari krishnavarniy lokancha chhal asahya asalyache walkerla vatale. "jarr mea yaa raktaranjit bhoomimadhye rahile tarr", nantar tyane vichar keela, "mea jaast kaal jaganar nahee... jithe mallah gulamanchya sakhalya satat aikavya lagtil aanee jithe mallah tyanchya dhongi gulamanchya apmanala samore jaave lagel tithe mea rahoo shakat nahee."parinami, eka tarun praudh mhanoon, too charleston, dakshin carolina yethe gela, joou varchya dishene firana, mukt krishnavarniyansathi eka makka hota. too americetil pahilya krishnavarniy panthachya karyakartyanchya eka majboot african methodist episcopal church (eme church) samudayashi sanlagn jhaala. nantar tyanni philadelphiya yaa jahaj bandhani kendrala bhet dilee aanee bahudha tethe vastavya kele, jethe eka sakriy krishnavarniy samuday hota, jithe eme charchchi sthapana jhaali hotee.
vivah aanee mule.
walker 1825 paryant bostenmadhye sthayik jhaala; american krantikari yuddhanantar massatusetsmadhye gulamgiri radd karnyat aalee hotee. tyane 23 februwari 1826 roji jonas butlerchi mulgi eliza butler hichyashi vivah keela. tiche kutumb bostenmadhil eka sthapit krishnavarniy kutumb hote. tyanchi mule lydia aine walker (jiche 31 julai 1830 roji vayachya eka varsh aanee nauu mahinyanchya vayat bostenmadhye fuffusachya tapane nidhan jhaale) aanee edward jee. walker (1831-1910).
karkird.
tyane shaharachya bajarpethet vaparlele kapadyanche dukan suru kele. tyanantar ghatajavalil brattle streetwar tyache kapadyanche dukan hote. walkers vaparlele teen kapade vyapari hote, jyanchyavar 1828 madhye chorichi malmatta vikalyabaddal khatala chalavanyat aala. parinam adnyat aahet.
tyane paloon gelelya gulamanna madat kelee aanee "garib aanee garajoo" lokanna madat kelee. walkerne bostenmadhil nagri aanee dharmik sanghatananmadhye bhag ghetala. teey prince holl freemasonary yaa 1780 chya dashakat sthapan jhalelya sansthet sameel hote, jee krishnavarniy lokanshi bhedbhavpurn vagnukichya virodhat ubhi rahili; massatusates general cullar associationche sansthapak jhaale, jyanni aafriket mukt american krishnavarniyanchya vasahatikaranala virodh keela; aanee teey revche sadasya hote. samuel snodenche paddhatvadi church. walker yanni gulamgiri aanee varnadveshachya virodhatahi sarvajanikaritya bhashya kele.
thomas dalton aanee walker yanni johnn tii. chya prakashanache nirikshan kele. hiltoncha 'eka patta, bostonchya african grand lodgesmore deela gela, kra. 459, juuna 24,1828, johnn tii. hiltonh varshik utsavat, seent. johnn daad baptist "(boston, 1828).
jaree teey varnadveshi shatrutva aanee bhedbhavapasun mukt nasale taree, 1820 chya dashakat bostenmadhil krishnavarniy kutumbe tulanene saumya paristhitit rahat hotee. bostenmadhye krishnavarniy kshamata aanee sakriyatechi patali visheshtah uchch hotee. itihaskar pieter hinks yanni dastaivaj kelyapramaneh "vividh shahare aanee shaharanmadhil krishnavarniy antahkshetranchi vaadh hii sushikshit aanee samajikdrushtya guntalelya sthanik krishnavarniy netrutvachya vikasapasoon avibhajya hotee."1828 chya akheris, walker heey gulamgiriviruddha bostonche pramukh pravakte banale hote.
"" "friedam journal".
walker yanni boston sadasyata vikri pratinidhi aanee newyork shaharachya alpakalin parantu prabhavshali 'friedams journal' (1827-1829) sathee lekhak mhanoon kaam kele, jeey african american lokanchya malakiche aanee sanchalit pahile vruttpatra hote.
walkerche 'apeal'.
prakashanacha itihas.
september 1829 madhye, walkerne african american lokanna kelele aapale aavahan, 'walker apeal' yaa shirshakakhali, chaar lekhanmadhye prakashit kele; eka prastavnesah, jagatil rangeet nagarikansathi, parantu visheshtah, aanee agadi spashtapane, amerikechya sanyukt rajyansathi, boston, massatusates rajyat, 28 september 1829 roji lihilele. pahili aavrutti khoopach durmil aahe; dusari aanee nantar tisari aavrutti 1830 madhye prakashit jhaali. walkerchya 1830 chya dusya aavruttine, pahilya aavruttipeksha adhik jordarpane aapale vichar vyakt kele. walkerne aaplya vachakanna, jokhim kahihi asso, tyanchya dadapshahishi ladhanyasathi sakriy bhoomika ghenyache aanee gulamgiri naitik aanee dharmikdrushtya apriy aahe heey samajoon ghenyasathi shvetvarniy american lokanvar dabav takanyache aavahan kele.
1848 paryant 'apeal' ardh-visarale gele hote; tyaa 18 varshant walkerpasoon prerit itar nirmulanvadi lekhan mothya pramanat disu lagale hote. 1848 madhye krishnavarniy mantri heinry hyland garnet yanni tyachya punarmudranasaha tyala eka naveen jeevan midale, jeey pudhil 17 varshant yuu. ess. laa sambodhit karnare pahile african american asateel.ess. congress. garnetmadhye david walkerche pahile charitra aanee tyach sankalpanevar aadharit tyanche swatache bhashan, 'amerikeche gulamanna kelele tyanche bhashan' samavisht hote.'jeey itake kattarpanthi manale jaat hote qee 1843 madhye vitarit jhalyavar teey prakashanasathi nakarle gele. sarvat prabhavshali pandhare nirmulanvadi, johnn braun yanni garnetche khand chhapanyat bhoomika bajavali.
mukhya mudde.
varnabhed.
walkerne 19vya shatkachya suruvatichya varnadveshala aavhan dile. tyanni visheshtah american vasahatikaran sosayatisarkhya gatanna lakshya kele, jyanni serve mukt aanee mukt krishnavarniyanna united statesmadhun aafriketil vasahatimadhye haddapar karnyacha prayatna keela (asha prakare liberiachi sthapana jhaali). walkerchi pustika prakashit honyachya teen varshanpurvi maran pavalele divangat rashtradhyaksh thomas jefferson yanni kalya vargachya adhamatechya prakashit kelelya davyanchya virodhat tyanni lihile. walkerne spasht kelyapramaneh "mea mhanato, joparyant aapan shree. chey khandan karat nahee. jeffersonche yuktivad, aamchyabaddal aadar vyakt karat, aamhi keval teey siddha karoo."
kalee tvacha heey hinateche aanee qamee manavateche lakshan aahe, hii americetil pandhari dharana tyanni nakarli. tyanni tikakaranna aavhan dile qee, tyanna "itihasache eka paan, ektar pavitra kinwa apavitra, dakhva, jyavar eka shlok aadhalu shakel, jyamadhye asey mhatale aahe qee egyptian lokanni israyalachya mulancha upman keela, tyanna sangitale qee teey manvi kutumbatil navhate", teey egyptmadhye gulam asatanachya kalacha sandarbh dett.
samaan adhikar.
1820 aanee 30 chya dashkaparyant, krishnavarniy purush aanee striyanna samaan haqq midavet yasathi vyakti aanee gut kahee pramanat vachanbaddhatene udayas aale hote, parantu walkerche 'apeal' prakashit jhaale tyaa velee konatihi rashtriy gulamgirivirodhi chalval astitvat navhati. itihaskar herbert efekar yanni lihile aaheh
nirmulanvadi hone heey murchhit antahkaranasathi navhate. gulamadharkanni ekonisavya shatkachya purvardhat deshatil sarvat jawalun vinalele aanee sarvat mahattvache ekal aarthik ekak, tyanche lakho bandhu aanee kotyavadhi dollarschya guntavanukicha samavesh asalelya lakho ekar jaminiche pratinidhitva kele. yaa aarthik shaktiche rajkiy sattemadhye samkaksh hote, kaaran rashtramadhye tiche varchasva aanee dakshinet varchasva hote.
congress aanee nivadanuk mandalachya jaganchya vatpachya uddeshane konatyahi rajyachya ekoon gulamanchya loksankhyechya teen panchmansh mojana sanvidhanatil tartudicha sandarbh efekar dett hote. yamule dakshin satta asalelya shwet matdaranna nivadanuk karyalayat tyanchya pratinidhitva kelelya sankhyepeksha khoop jaast midale; gulam kinwa mukt kaale konihi matdan karoo shakat navhate. yacha parinam mhanoon dakshinekadil rajkarnyanna prachand satta midali aanee dakshinekadil lokanchi adhyaksh mhanoon nivad jhaali.
gulamgiriche parinam.
apeal' madhye gulamgiri aanee mukt krishnavarniyanchya adhinata aanee tyanchyavaril bhedbhav yaa donhinchya ghatak parinamanche varnan kele aahe. gulamgirichya baher asalelyanna vishesh niyamanchi garaj asalyache mhatale jaat hote "kaaran tyanchyavar swatache niyaman karnyasathi avalambun rahane shakya navhate aanee kaaran teey tyanchya sabhovatalachya samajane ghatalelya seema olandu shakatat."
krutisathi coll qaraa.
dadapshahicha pratikar qaraa.
aaplya 'apeal' madhye walkerne krishnavarniy samudayala gulamgiri aanee bhedbhavaviruddha karvai karanyachi vinanti kelee. "itihaskar paul goodman yanni assa yuktivad keela aahe qee, vanshik samanatecha yuktivad aanee too sadhya karnyat krishnavarniy lokanni joou sakriy bhag ghetala aahe, too walkerchya vadala ekata deto."sahityik vidwan criss apap yanni yaa bhavna pratidhvanit kelya aahet. kalya samudayane tyachya muktisathi prathna karnyavyatirikt dusare kahihi karoo naye hii kalpana 'apeal' neey nakarli aahe, asey aap yanni thampane sangitale aahe. apapne 'apeal' chya eka bhagakade vishesh laksh vedhale aahe jyamadhye walker krishnavarniyanna protsahit karato qee, "joparyant tumhala tumche marg spasht disat naheet, toparyant aamchya kroor atyachari aanee marekyanchya netrutvakhali swatantrya kinwa naisargik adhikar midvanyacha prayatna qaraa; jevha too vel yeil aanee tumhi pudhe jaal, tevha ghabaru nakaa kinwa nirash houu nakaa."apapane walkerchya shabdancha arth baybalmadhil aadeshavar" "ghabaru nakaa kinwa nirash houu nakaa" "assa keela aahe"."teey namood karatat tyapramane, 'ghabaru nakaa kinwa nirash houu nakaa' heey 2 itihasatil eka thet uddharan aahe, jyamadhye israyali lokanna 'ghabaru nakaa kinwa nirash houu nakaa' asey mhatale aahe kaaran dev tyanchyasathi ladhai ladhel aanee tyanna boat naan uchalata tyanchya shatrunpasun vachvel."baybalmadhye, serve israyali lokanni prathna karane apekshit aahe, parantu walker thampane sangato qee krishnavarniy samudayane" halale pahije "."apap thampane sangato qee tyachya vachakanna" "halanyas" "pravrutt kartana, walkerne hii kalpana nakarli qee krishnavarniyanni" "rikame basoon devane tyanchya ladhaya ladhanyachi pratiksha karavi-tyanni (aanee walkerchya bhashet antarbhut asey gruheet dharale aahe qee teey" "kartil" ") karvai karavi aanee jeey yogya aanee naitikdrushtya tyanche aahe tyavar dawa karnyasathi pudhe jaave"."
walkerchya 'apeal' madhye assa yuktivad karnyat aala hota qee jarr krishnavarniyanna dadapshahivar maat karayachi asel tarr tyanna swatachi jababdari swikaravi lagel. itihaskar pieter hinkschya matey, walkercha assa vishvas hota qee "sharyatichya unnatichi gurukilli mhanje vaiyaktik naitik sudharanechya tattvanprati utsahi bandhilakih shikshan, sanyam, protestant dharmik pratha, niyamit kamachya savayi aanee swayam-niyaman."
"america," walkerne yuktivad keela, "" aapala desh goryanpeksha jaast aahe-aamhi aaplya "" rakt aanee ashrunni "" samruddha kele aahe "."
shikshan aanee dharm.
chalananyansathi shikshan aanee dharm heey vishesh mahattvache hote. kaale dnyan heey keval kaale lock swabhavikpane nikrusht darjache aahet yaa davyalach qamee lekhanar nahee, tarr teey goryanna ghabarvel, assa tyancha yuktivad hota. "rangeet lokanna shikshit karnyache ughad naav, aaplya kroor atyachari lokanna jawaljawal maranaparyant ghabaravate", asey tyanni lihile."jeey sushikshit hote, tyancha yuktivad walkerne keela, tyanchya bhavanna shikavanyache vishesh kartavya hote aanee sakshar krishnavarniyanna jyanna teey shakya navhate tyanna tyanchi pustika vachanyache aavahan kele gele. tyanni spasht kelyapramaneh "[i] ashee apeksha aahe qee pratyek rashtratil, pratyek rashtratil, pratyek bhashetil aanee pratyek bhashetil serve rangeet purush, striya aanee mule, yaa aavahanachi eka prat midvanyacha aanee tee vachanyacha prayatna kartil, kinwa konala taree tee tyanna vachayala sangatil, kaaran tee tyanchyasathi adhik visheshtah tayar keleli aahe."
dharmachya sandarbhat, walkerne "majhya gurunchya suvarteche prachar karnare pracharkanchya dhongipanachi ninda kelee, jyanni aamhala keval tyancha naisargik varsa mhanoon ghetale nahee, tarr aamhala jagatil konatyahi avishvasu kinwa devtanitkech kathorpane vagavale-janoo tyancha hetu keval prabhu yeshu khristache gaurav karnyasathi aapale rakt aanee karada ghene hota."baybalne gulamgirila manyata dilee aahe hii kalpana nakarane aanee dev tyanna tyanchya dushtapanasathi shiksha denyapurvi goryanna pashchattap karnyas pravrutt karane, heey krishnavarniyanvar padale, assa yuktivad tyanni keela. itihaskar seane willentz yanni mhatalyapramane, walkerne tyachya 'apeal' madhye, khristi dharmachi eka aavrutti sadar kelee hotee jee varnadveshi pakhandanpasun mukt jhaali hotee, jyat asey mhatale hote qee dev haah tyachya serve pranyansathi nyayacha dev hota."
pandhare american.
itar deshanshi tulana.
apeal' madhye, walkerne gulamgirivaril tyanchya bhoomikechi tulana itar gatanshi karoon pandhya american lokanvar teeka kelee. walkerne yaa kamat britishanchi prashansa kelee aanee assa yuktivad keela qee teey "rangeet lokanche pruthvivaril sarvottam mitra aahet. jaree tyanni aamchyavar thoda atyachar keela asala aanee aata west indigemadhye vasahati aahet jyaa aamchyavar khoop atyachar karatat-tarihi tyanni pruthvivaril itar serve rashtranchya ektritatepeksha, aapali sthitee sudharanyasathi shambhar putt jaast kele aahe. yaulat, walkerne pandhya american lokanna "tyanchya dharmik bhavnene aanee tyanchya swatantryachya pokal samarthyane" "dhongi badnamichya sarvat khalchya pataliparyant" nishedh keela.
muktichi sandhee.
walkerne amerikevar teeka kelee asali taree, tyachya 'apeal' neey deshala akshamya ghoshit kele nahee. tyane pandhya american lokanvar 'yaa united stateschya rangeet lokanna' 'jagachya suruvatipasun astitvat asalelya pranyancha sarvat nikrusht, white aanee neech samooh' banvinyachya papacha aarop keela asel, parantu itihaskar seane willentz yanni yuktivad kelyapramane, 'walkerne tyachya sarvat kadoo parichhedanmadhyehi nakar deela nahee... prajasattak tattve, kinwa tyacha mool desh."walkerne suchavale qee pandhya american lokanni tyanchya margatil truti pahanyasathi keval tyanchya swatachya kathit mulyancha vichar karane aavashyak aahe.
anuchit paropkari manovrutti.
kahee gulamanna mukt karnyachya tyanchya ichchhesathi gore prashansa patra naheet, asey walkerne thampane sangitale. itihaskar pieter hinks yanni spasht kelyapramane, walkerne assa yuktivad keela qee "hitsney krishnavarniyanna, purvi anaitikaritya tyanna tase karnyapasoon rokhalelya swatantryacha vapar karnyachya adhikarashivay, purushmuktivar kahihi dile nahee. teey krishnavarniyanna bhet dett navhate, tarr tyanchyakadun aanee devakadun tyanni choralele parat karat hote. asha prakare, swatantryacha srot mhanoon goryancha aadar karane mhanje, dev haah serve sadgunancha srot aahe aanee jyachyashi kartavya aanee karjache naate asane nyayya hote assa ekmev vyakti aahe heey nakarun tyachi ninda karane."
kaala rashtravad.
walkerla byavachada krishnavarniy rashtravadi drushtikon asalela nirmulanvadi manale gele aahe, kaaran tyane krishnavarniy american lokansathi swa-rajyacha samavesh asalelya bhavishyachi kalpana kelee hotee. apeal" madhye tyanni lihile aahe keeh "serve american asoonahi, shashvatatechi hii bajoo asoonahi, aapale dukkh sampel. mug aaplyala serve shikanyachi aanee pratibha, aanee kadachit tyahoon adhik, swatahvar niyantran thevayache aahe."
itihaskar sterling stucky yanchyasarkhya vidvananni walkerche 'apeal' aanee krishnavarniy rashtravad yanchyatil sambandhavar bhashya kele aahe. 1972 madhye 'krishnavarniy rashtravadachya vaicharik utpatti' yaa abhyasamadhye, stucky yanni asey suchavale qee walkerche 'aavahan' haah eka vaicharik paya banel... kalya rashtravadi siddhantasathi."jaree kahee itihaskaranni asey mhatale aahe qee stackyne, 1999 madhye" "david walkerchya aavahanachya serve-grahan karananya krishna rashtravadi siddhantanvar" "asalelya lekhat, thabiti asukile yaa krishnavarniy rashtrachya nirmitimadhye walkerne kitee yogdan dile heey adhorekhit kele, parantu stackychya vyakhyecha bachav keela". asukile lihitatah
jaree vidwan yavar vadavivad karat rahile asale taree, ekonisavya aanee visavya shatkat bhaugolik simanvar aadharit swatantra rashtra-rajyacha pathimba denare americetil krishnavarniy rashtravadache nantarche samarthak walkerchya likhanat kahee vaicharik sankalpana shodhu shakale nasate heey nakarane katheen vatel. yaa aavahanacha eka saiddhantik krishnavarniy rashtravadi dastaivaj mhanoon stuckyne kelela arth lavane haah kahee vidvanansathi eka vivadaspad muddah aahe, jeey asey manatat qee david walkerla bahusanskrutik americet rahanyachi ichcha hotee. jeey yaa drushtikonashi sahmat aahet tyanni vichar keela pahije qee, 'stucky' heey tyanche bhashan sankuchitpane paribhashit kelelya krishnavarniy rashtravadachya aavahanapurate maryadit thevat nahee, tarr anek prakarchya bhavna aanee chintanpurte maryadit karate. americetil african gulam lokkathanmadhye rujalelya krishnavarniy rashtravadi siddhantachi stuckychi sankalpana mool aanee agraganya aahe aanee tyanchi bauddhik antardrushti african-american itihas aanee sanskratichya purogami punarlekhanasathi maulyavan aahe.
vitaran.
walkerne atlantic kinanyavaril kalya dalanvalan jaalyandvare aapali pustika vitarit kelee, jyat mukt aanee gulam banavalele krishna nagri haqq karyakarte, majur, krishna church aanee punarujjivanvadi jaal, mukt krishna paropkari samajanshi sampark aanee maroon samudayancha samavesh hota.
pratikriya.
vitaran rokhanyache prayatna.
dakshinekadil adhikaanyaanee "apeal" tethil rahivashanparyant pohochu naye yasathi kaam kele. charleston aanee nyu orlinsmadhil krishnavarniyanna patrake vitarit kelyabaddal atak karnyat aalee, tarr georgiachya savana yetheel adhikaanyaanee krishnavarniy navikanchya (nigro navik kayada) utarnyavar bandee ghatali. yache kaaran asey qee dakshinekadil sarkari sanstha, visheshtah bandar shaharanmadhye, tyanna kalya lokanpasoon, mukt aanee gulam asha donhi prakarchya, jyaa mahiticha prasar aanee aagman karayache hote, tyabaddal tyanna chinta hotee. dakshinekadil vividh sarkari sansthanni yaa "apeal" laa deshdrohi ghoshit kele aanee jyanni teey prasarit kele tyanchyavar kathor dand thothavala. asey prayatna karoonahi, 1830 chya suruvatiparyant walkerchi pustika mothya pramanat prasarit jhaali hotee. 'apeal' niyantrit karnyat ayashasvi tharalyanantar, dakshinekadil adhikaanyaanee pustika aanee tichya lekhak yaa doghanvarhi teeka kelee. richmond inquirer" sarkhya vruttapatranni walkerchya yaa pradeshatil "rakshasi apaprachar" chya virodhat teeka kelee. apeal" vareel santapamule georgiane walkerla jiwant supurd karoo shakananya konalahi 10,000 dollars aanee mrut asalyas 1,000 dollarscha puraskar jaheer keela.
tatkal mahatva.
walkerchya 'aavahan' laa bahutek nirmulanvadi kinwa mukt krishnavarniy lokanchi pasanti midali nahee kaaran tyacha sandesh khoop kattarpanthi manla jaat hota.
asey mhatale jaate qee, hastalikhitane moothbhar pandhya gulamgirivirodhi vakilanna kattarpanthi banavale. 1830 madhye 'boston evening transcript' madhye namood kele gele qee kahee krishnavarniy lock 'apeal' laa purvekadil taara asalyasarkhe manatat, joou tyanna swatantrya aanee muktikade margadarshan karato."gulamgiris kalya netrutvakhalil aavhanabaddal pandhya dakshinekadil lokanchi bheeti-" "apeal" "chee bheeti-keval eka varshanantar natt turner bandalimadhye paar padali, jyamule tyanna gulam aanee mukt krishnavarniyanna vash karnyachya aanee niyantrit karnyachya prayatnat kathor kayade swikaranyas prerana midali".
sarvat prabhavshali american nirmulanvadyanpaiki eka asalelya william lloyd garrisonne janewari 1831 madhye 'apeal' prakashit jhalyanantar thodyach velat 'daad liberator' prakashit karnyas suruvat kelee. gulammalakanna devakadun shiksha hoil assa vishvas asalelya chhavanine hinsachar chalvananyache samarthan nakarle parantu gulammalak tyanchya gulamanchi sutka karnyas nakar deuun aapatti aanat aahet heey olakhale. "teey lihit asalele pratyek vakya-teey bolanare pratyek shabd-paradeshi dadapshahiviruddha teey karat asalela pratyek pratikar, tyanchya gulamanna tyancha naash karnyache aavahan aahe", asey garrisonne lihile.
walkerche 'aavahan' aanee 1831 madhye vharjiniyatil natt turnerchya netrutvakhalil gulamanchya bandamule gulamanchya antahkaranat bheeti pasarali. jaree asey suchavanyasathi konatahi purava nahee qee "apeal" visheshtah mahitipurn kinwa prerit turner hote, parantu heey asoo shakate, kaaran done ghatananmadhye fakt kahee varshe antar hote; gorve bhavishyatil hallyanchya shakyatebaddal ghabarale hote. dakshinekadil rajyanni mukt krishnavarniy aanee gulamanvar nirbandh ghalanare kayade parit kele. virginia aanee shejarchya uttar carolinamadhil anek gore lokancha assa vishvas hota qee turner walkerchya 'apeal' kinwa itar nirmulanvadi sahityapasun prerit aahe.
kayamswarupi prabhav.
walkerne fredrick douglus, natt turner, william lloyd garrison, martin luther king junier yanchyavar prabhav padala., aanee malcum ex. udaharanarth, daglasachya 1852 chya bhashanat, tyachya 'aavahanache' pratidhvani aikoo yetat, 'nigrosathi julaichya chauthya divasacha arth':
itihaskar herbert efekar yanni namood kele aahe qee
walkerche aavahan heey americetil eka krishnavarniy manasakadun gulamgiri aanee varnabhedavar jhalela pahila satatcha lekhee hallah aahe. tyachya swatachya kalat tyachya prachand shakticha haah mukhya srot hota; visavya shatkat aapan jitke kholvar aahot, titakich tyat rahilelya mothya prasangikatecha aanee prachand prabhavacha haah srot aahe. lokshahi aanee bandhubhav aanee samata aanee itar serve shabdansah sampoorn deshachya dhongipanacha yapeksha utkat nishedh yapurvi kinwa nantar kadhihi jhaala navhata. aanee walker heey deshacha dvesh karnara mhanoon karat nahee tarr tyaa sansthancha dvesh karnara mhanoon karato, jee tyaa sansthela vikrut karatat aanee jagaat teela eka hissing banavtat.
mrutyu.
bostenla aalyanantar keval paach varshanni, 1830chya unhalyat walkercha mrutyu jhaala. jaree tyala vish denyat aale hote asey afava pasarlya, taree bahutek itihaskaranche mutt aahe qee tyacha mrutyu kshayarogamule naisargik mrutyu jhaala, tyachya mrutyuchya nondit namood kelyapramane. haah rog prachalit hota aanee walkerchi ekulati eka mulgi lydia aine hicha walkerchya mrutyuchya eka aathvada aadhi mrutyu jhaala hota. walkerla dakshin bostonchya krishnavarniyansathichya smashanbhumit daphan karnyat aale. tyache sambhavya daphan sthal adyap chinhankit nahee.
walkercha mrutyu jhaala tevha tyachi patni george parkmanla tyanchya gharachya kharedisathi varshik paise deu shakat navhati. tyanantar tine tyanche ghar gamavale, eka sambhavya walkerne swatah tyachya 'apeal' madhye eka arthane andaj vartavala hotah
pann mallah kharokharach heey lakshat aale pahije qee hyach shaharat jevha ekhada krishnavarniy manus marto, jarr tyachyakade ekhadi sthavar malmatta asel tarr tee samanyatah kahee goryanchya hatat jaate. mrut vyaktichi patni aanee mule jarr tyanna awadel tarr radtil aanee vilap kartil, parantu malmatta tichya pandhya malkichya puresha soyiskar thewali jaeel.
tyacha mulga edward jee. walker (edwin jee. mhanoonahi olakhala jaato. walker) yancha janm walkerchya mrutyunantar jhaala aanee 1866 madhye massatusates rajya vidhimandalat nivadoon yenara too pahila krishnavarniy manus tharala.
varsa.
asankhya strotankadun namood kelyapramane, itihaskar david walker yanna american itihasatil eka pramukh nirmulanvadi aanee preranadayi vyakti manatat.