miqdad midhat bedir khaan

makdad midhat bedir khaan (1858-1915) heey eka kurdish rashtravadi aanee patrakar hote, jyanni 1898 madhye 'kurdistan' heey pahile kurdish bhashetil vruttpatra prakashit kele. teey vanaspati amiratiche shevatche kurdish miir aanee mutselim bedir khaan begg yanche putra dekhil hote.
bedir khancha janm krete yethe jhaala, parantu istanbul yethe paratala aanee tyache shikshan uskudar lashkari madhyamik shalet aanee nantar galatasaray (mctabe-aii-sultan) yetheel shahee madhyamik shalet jhaale aanee padvinantar tyane ottoman nokarshahimadhye nokri ghetali. bedir khanchya sangopanabaddal british journal auph middle eastern studiesmadhye lihitana, bajlan namood karatat qee "saha-paryayachya ottoman dhorananni shahee vyavasthet kurdish 'bhagdharak' nirman kele-eka prabuddh aanee sushikshit kuleen heey swatahla, ekandarit, nishthavan ottoman aanee abhimani coords asey manatat."
kurdistan' chee pahili aavrutti 22 april 1898 roji kairo yethe prakashit jhaali. tyachya chaar varshanchya prakashanadarmyan, kurdistan egypt, ingland aanee switzerlandmadhye chhapale gele. shevatche done ank 14 march 1902 roji geneva yethe prakashit jhaale.
tyaa velee, pramanit bhasha kinwa agadi prabhavi bolibhasha naslyamule 'kurdish' madhye prakashit karane katheen hote."tyamule heey vruttpatra vanaspati aanee turkeechya kurmanji boliche dvibhashik mishran hote. itar bolibhasha bolibhasha teey samajoon ghenyat adchan yet asey.
vruttapatrane abdul hamid dusra aanee sarvasadharanpane hamidian rajvativar tasech kurdish aadivasi nete mustafa pasha yanchyavar teeka kelee hotee, jyanni ruso-turkey yuddhanantar vanaspati amiraticha bhag asalelya pradeshavar niyantran thewale hote. vartmanpatrat kurdish sahityik kaame aanee prasiddha kurdish kaveenna shraddhanjali dekhil prakashit karnyat aalee hotee. hotee ankat kurdish kavee haji kadir koyichi stutee hotee. ahmed khanee hyannahi 'kurdistan' neey sanmanit kele hote.
daad kurdish kweshchan revisited' madhye lihitana stansfield aanee sharif yanni asehi namood kele qee, 'kurdishistan' neey tarun turk sudharkanche samarthan kele, jyanna sultan abdul hameed dusra hakalpatti karoon sanvidhanachi punarsthapana karayachi hotih 'kurdistan' heey dekhil eka cup vruttpatra hote. tyane cup aanee tarun turk chalvalichya kriyakalapancha ahwal deela aanee asey kelyane hamidian rajvatila virodh karnyasathi eka munch mhanoon swatahla vegale kele. bajalan asehi namood karatat qee "yaa vruttapatrane 1876 chya sanvidhanachya punarsanchayanache samarthan kele. asey manale jaat hote qee, heey ottoman samrajyachya aanee kurds yaa donhi samasyansathi ramban tharel."
1908 madheel tarun turkey krantinantar, bedir khaan kutumb turkeyla paratale, parantu 1912 madhye jevha tyanna kalale qee yaa kapcha hetu ottoman samrajyatil kurdish rashtravadi chalvalivar dadapshahi karnyacha hota tevha teey punha haddapar jhaale. 1923 madhye mustafa kemal ataturkane turkey prajasattakachi sthapana kelyanantar teey haddapar rahile.

