popshahicha itihas (1048-1257)

1046 teey 1216 yaa kalat pope aanee pavitra roman samrat yanchyatil sangharsh, sarvat thalakpane, nivesh vivad, pope kinwa samrat-samrajyamadhye bishop kona niyukt karoo shakatat yaa vadamule popshahicha itihas chinhankit jhaala. pope gregory VII (1073-85) yanna bhetanyasathi heinry IV chaa 1077 madhye canosala chalane, jaree mothya vadachya sandarbhat avyavasthit nasale taree, pauranik jhaale aahe. jaree samratane kruminchya samanvayat (1122) guntavanuk karnyacha konatahi adhikar sodala asala, taree haah muddah punha petala.
ekekali carolingian samratanchya tabyat asalela shahee mukut tyanchya tutalelya varas aanee sthanik adhipatinmadhye vadgrast hota; pavitra roman samrat oto pahila yane italivar aakraman kareparyant konihi vijayi jhaale nahee. uttar aanee madhya italicha motha bhag 962 madhye pavitra roman samrajyacha ghatak rajya banala, tevhapasoon samrat german hote. samratanni tyanchi sthitee balkat kelee, tevha uttar italian shahar-rajye gulf aanee ghibelinane vibhagali jaatil.
purv-paschim matbhed aanee dharmyuddhanmadhye purv aanee paschim yanchyatil dirghakalin vibhagani dekhil samore aalee. pahilya saat vishvavyapi parishadanna pashchatya aanee purvekadil donhi pralets upasthit hote, parantu vadhatya saiddhantik, dharmik, bhashik, rajkiy aanee bhaugolik farkanmule shevati paraspar nishedh aanee bahishkarache parinam jhaale. pope urban dusra (1088-99) yane 1095 madhye clermontchya parishadetil kelele bhashan heey pahilya dharmayuddhatil ektrikaran karnare aavahan banale.
mageel sahasrakachya ulat, yaa kalat popchya nivadichi prakriya kahishi nishchit jhaali. pope nicolaus dusra yane 1059 madhye 'inn notenated dominy' ghoshit kele, jyamule cardinalschya mahavidhyalayachya pope nivadnukanmadhye matadhikar maryadit jhaala. yaa kalat pope nivadanukanche niyam aanee karyapaddhati vikasit jhalya, jyamule aadhunik pope parishadechi payabharani jhaali. yaa sudharananmagil prerak shakti cardinal hildebrand hotee, jee nantar gregory VII bunley.
itihas.
guntavanukicha vaad.
guntavanuk vivad haah madhyayugeen europemadhil dharmnirpeksh aanee dharmik shaktinmadhil sarvat mahattvacha sangharsh hota. 11 vya shatkat pavitra roman samrat heinry 4 aanee gregorian popshahi yanchyat charchchya charchchya niyuktinvar kona niyantran thewel yababatcha vaad mhanoon yachee suruvat jhaali. salian samratanni sthapan kelelya shahee shaktila qamee qamee yaa vadamule akheris germanymadhye jawaljawal pannas varshe gruhyuddha, mahan duke aanee abotcha vijay aanee german samrajyache vighatan jhaale, jee sthitee 19 vya shatkat germanyche ekikaran hoiparyant purvavat honar navhati.
1046 madhye heinry tisra yane teen pratispardhi popanna padchyut kele. pudhil daha varshant tyanni pudhil paach mathadhishanpaiki chaar jananchi vaiyaktikaritya nivad kelee. parantu heinry tisra yachya mrutyunantar, bhavee popchya nivadanukit asha dharmnirpeksh sahbhagala aala ghalanyasathi popane pranali badalanyasathi twarit halchali kelya.
akaravya shatkala anekada saxon popache shatak mhatale jaateh pope gregory vhee (1045-1046), pope clement II (1046-1047), pope damasas II (1048), pope lio ix (1049-1054), pope victor II (1055-1057) aanee pope stephen ix (1057-1058).
teen pope benedict Ix, sylvester III aanee gregory VI yaa sarvanni swatahla yogya pope asalyacha dawa keela. heinry tisra yane tighannahi padchyut kele aanee eka dharamsabha aayojit kelee, jithe tyane popchya upadhisathi konatahi roman pujari yogya nasalyache ghoshit kele. tyanantar tyane bambergcha suder niyukt keela, jyane lock aanee padrinni yogyaritya prashansa kelyanantar clement II heey naav ghetale.
kahee divasannantar, clement dusra yane heinry samrat mhanoon rajyabhishek keela. pudhil daha varshant, heinryne pudhil paach mathadhishanpaiki chaar jananchi vaiyaktikaritya nivad kelee. popshahimadhye hyanche varchasva pavitra roman samratachi takad aanee shakti pratibimbit karate. tathapi, popshahivar asha prakare varchasva gajavanara heinry haah shevatcha samrat hota kaaran, tyachya mrutyunantar, popane bhavishyatil popchya nivadanukit asha dharmnirpeksh sahbhagala rokhanyasathi pranali badalanyasathi twarit halchali kelya.
samratanchi laukik shakti aanee popancha aadhyatmik prabhav yanchyatil sangharsh pope nicolaus dusra (1059-1061) aanee pope gregory VII (1073-1085) yanchya karkirdit suru jhaala. popanni bishop, mathadhish aanee itar purohitanchi niyukti dharmnirpeksh prabhu aanee rajanchya adhikaratun mukt karnyasathi ladha deela, jyat teey padale hote. yamule charchchya mahattvachya padanvar bindhast purushanchi niyukti rokhata yeil kaaran tyacha rajkiy shasakanna fayda hoil. heinry chautha shevati popashi shantata prasthapit karnyasathi german kulinanmadhye jhalelya bandamule prerit jhaala aanee janewari 1077 madhye canosa yethe gregarisamor hajar jhaala. pashchattapachya veshat, samrat teen divas barfat anwani ubha rahila aanee gregorichya shabdat maafee magitali asey mhatale jaateh "aamhi shapachi sakhali sodali aanee dirghkal tyala samparkachya bajoone aanee pavitra mudder charchchya mandivar sweekarle".
nivadanuk sudharana.
1058 madhye nivadoon aalelya pope nicolaus nicolaus sudharananchi prakriya suru kelee jyamule samrajya aanee popshahi yanchyatil antarnihit tanav ughad jhaala. 1059 madhye, rommadhil eka dharmasabhet, nikolanni charchmadhil vividh atyacharancha nishedh keela aanee 'innated dominy' jaaree kele. yamadhye simoni (lipic padanchi vikri), padrinche lagn aanee adhik vadgrastapane, popchya nivadanukanmadhil bhrasht paddhati yancha samavesh hota. tyanantar nikolanni naveen popchi nivad cardinalschya parishadeparyant maryadit thewali, asha prakare dharmnirpeksh shaktincha konatahi thet prabhav nakarla. popchya nivadanukanvar pavitra roman samratacha prabhav maryadit karane haah yaa krutincha prathamik uddesh hota. 1061 madhye, germanychya ekatra aalelya bishopsney, samratachya swatachya gatane, yaa popache serve aadesh raddabatal ghoshit kele.
1059 madhye, nicolaus dusra yane asha prakarchi done pavale uchalali, jee yaa kalat asamanya asali taree nantar madhyayugeen popshahisathi samanya jhaali. tyane aadhich vyapaleli jameen, tyachya swatachya pasantichya praptakartyanna dilee, tyaa praptakartyanna popasisah saranjami sambandhat kinwa pavitra see, saranjamdar swami mhanoon guntavale. nikolanchya jameen anudanache labharthi norman hote, jyanna dakshin italimadhye pradeshik adhikar denyat aale hote aanee romla saranjamdaranchya saranjamdaranchya badalyat tyanna cicilly denyat aale hote.
samrat aanee mathadhishanmadhil haah tanav baravya shatkaparyant suru rahnar hota aanee akheris "church aanee rajyache vishisht vibhajan jhaale jevha samratane vermschya kararavar (1122) swakshari kelee aanee bishapanna ring aanee aadhyatmik adhikarache prateek asalelya kathisah guntavanuk karnyacha konatahi adhikar gamavala". popacha vijay alpakalin hota aanee dharmnirpekshakanchya charchpasoon vegale honyachya yaa prayatnanmule samratanchya popshahivar prabhav taknyachya aakanksha sampalya naheet, kinwa popchya rajkiy sattecha vapar karnyachya aakanksha sampalya naheet.
pope gregory VII chya karkirdit, 'pope' hii padvi adhikrutpane romchya bishappurati maryadit hotee. gragory VII haah sansarik babinmadhye popshahichi shakti mothya pramanat vadhavanyasathi dekhil jababdar hota. mahan sudharana sudharana popapaiki eka, gregory haah kadachit guntavanukichya vadat tyane bajavalelya bhoomikesathi prasiddha aahe, jyane tyala samrat heinry chautha aanee gregorian sudharana prakriyechya virodhat ubhe kele.
purv-paschim matbhed.
purv-paschim matbhed hii eka ghatana hotee jyane chalcedonian khrishchan dharmala pashchatya catholic dharm aanee purv rudhivadi dharmat vibhagale. jaree samanyatah 1054 salche asale, taree purv-paschim matbhed haah pratyakshat done charchanmadhil vistarit kalavadhitil matbhedacha parinam hota. popachya adhikaravaril vaad hii yaa matbhedachi prathamik karane hotee-popane dawa keela qee purvekadil chaar greek bhashik kulgurunvar tyacha adhikar aahe aanee pashchimatya charchane nissin panthat philioc kalam samavisht keela aahe. purvekadil rudhivadi aaj assa dawa karatat qee romchya kulgurunche pradhanya heey ekmev manad hote aanee tyala keval tyachya swatachya bishpavar adhikar aahe aanee tyala vishvavyapi parishadanche nirnay badalanyacha adhikar nahee. dharmik paddhatinmadhil bhinnata aanee adhikarkshetrachya parasparvirodhi davyansah, yaa matbhedasathi itar, qamee lakshaniy utprerak hote.
church saiddhantik, dharmik, bhashik, rajkiy aanee bhaugolik reshanvar vibhagale gele aanee moolbhut ullanghan kadhihi barey jhaale nahee. 1274 madhye (lyonchya (lyonchya parishadedvare) aanee 1439 madhye (besal parishadedvare) done church punha ekatra karnyache prayatna karnyat aale, parantu pratyek babatit parishadanna sampoorn rudhivadi lokanni nakarle, assa aarop karat qee padanukramanni yaa tathakathit "sanghanna" sammati detana tyanchya adhikarala atikram keela hota. donhi mrutdehanmadhye samet ghadavun aananyache aanakhi prayatna ayashasvi jhaale aahet.
byzantine samrat alexius comnensene 1090 chya dashakachya suruvatila pope urban II (1088-1099) kadey turkanviruddha madat magitali. shahari dviteey yaa vinantikade eka uttam sandhee mhanoon pahat hota. teey keval pavitra bhoomivaril khrishchan niyantran punarsanchayit karoo shakale nahee, tarr tyane deshantargat shantateche eka sadhan dekhil pradan kele jyane european kulinanchya ekmekanaivaji muslimanprati aakramanacha kendrabindu keela. yavyatirikt, byzantiumchya madatila yenyane jawaljawal chaar dashakanchya matbhedanantar purv aanee paschim charchmadhil punarmilanachi shakyata hotee, jyamule sarvasadharanpane pashchatya church aanee visheshtah popshahi majboot jhaali.
27 november 1095 roji urban II neey clermontchya parishademadhye madhyayugatil sarvat prabhavshali bhashananpaiki eka kelee, jyat pavitra bhoomichi tirthayatra karnyachya kalpana aanee kafiranviruddha pavitra yuddh pukarnyachya kalpana ektrit kelya. pope yanni avishvasinpasun pavitra bhoomi parat midvanyasathi 'vadhastambhavaril yuddh' kinwa dharmayuddha pukarle. pope mhanale qee, france aadhich gardine bharalela hota aanee cannonchi pavitra bhoomi dudh aanee madhane bharoon vahat hotee. pope urban dusra yane french lokanna devachya sevechya bajoone tyanchya talwari firavanyas sangitale aanee sabhene uttar dile, "du leey vult!"-" dev heey kareel! "

