
kamgar paksh (brazil)

 
kamgar paksh (, pann.) haah brazilmadhil madhya-davikadoon davikadil rajkiy paksh aahe joou sadhya deshatil sattadhari paksh aahe. kahee vidwan 21 vya shatkatil tyachya vichardhareche samajik lokshahi mhanoon vargikaran karatat, 1990 chya dashakat paksh vyapak samajvadi vichardharepasun door gela. 1980 madhye sthapan jhalelya pann. yanni 1 janewari 2003 teey 31 august 2016 yaa kalavadhit itar anek pakshansobat yutee sarkarmadhye sanghiy staravar shasson kele. 2002 chya sansadiy nivadanukinantar pann. haah pratinidhi mandalatala sarvat motha paksh aanee prathamach federal cinetmadhye sarvat motha paksh banala. deshachya itihasatil sarvoch manyata manankan asalele adhyaksh luiz inacio lula daa silva heey pann. chey sarvat pramukh sadasya aahet. pann. chya sadasya asalelya dilma rauseff donada nivadoon aalya (pratham 1 janewari 2011 roji aanee nantar punha 26 aktoobar 2014 roji) parantu 2016 madhye mahabhiyogamule tyanchi dusari mudat purn houu shakali nahee. 2022 chya adhyakshiy nivadanukit lulachya vijaysah paksh punha sattet aala.
1964 chya 'sattapalat' aanee tyanantarchya lashkari hukumshahichya virodhkanmadhye janmalele pann. aanee brazilian soshal democracy party (pii. ess. dii. bii.) heey 1994 teey 2014 yaa kalat samkalin brazilchya rajkaranatil sarvat mothe virodhak hote, tyaa kalat pratyek rashtrapatipadachya nivadanukit tyanche umedvar matpatrikevar ektar pratham kinwa dviteey sthanavar hote. deshane lokshahi punarsanchayit kelyapasoon kamgar pakshane paach rashtrapatipadachya nivadanuka jinkalya aanee tyaa kalat jhalelya pratyek nivadanukit dusya kramankavar aala.
tulanene mothya sankhyene samarthak asoonahi, lula pahilyanda sattet aalyapasun paksh anek bhrashtachar ghotalyanmadhye guntalela aahe aanee 2010 teey 2016 darmyan tyacha lokpriy pathimba ghasarala aahe, rashtrapatinchi manjuri manankan 80 takkyanvarun 9 takkyanparyant ghasarali aahe aanee 2014 pasoon serve nivadoon aalelya karyalayanmadhye salag ghat jhaali aahe. 2022 chya sarvatrik nivadanukit tyaa margatil eka nirnayak tappa tharala.
pakshachya chinhanmadhye madhyabhagi 'piitii' heey aadyakshar koralela paach-tokancha laal taara asato; madhyabhagi aadyaksharansah pandhara taara asalela laal dhwaj aanee kamgar pakshache rashtragit asate. tyache varishtha nivadanuk nyayalay (tii. ess. eae.) olakh kramank 13 aahe. pakshache sadasya aanee sahanubhutishilanna 'petista' mhanoon olakhale jaate.
itihas.
brazilchya lashkari sarkarla virodh karananya dahashatvadyanni, kamgar sanghatanvadyanni, davya vicharsaranichya vicharvantanni aanee kalakaranni aanee mukti dharamshastrashi sambandhit kaithalikanni banalelya eka vijatiy gatane 10 februwari 1980 roji saao paulo yetheel collegio sayan yaa mulinsathichya khajgi catholic shalet kamgar pakshachi suruvat kelee. aii. bii. see. pradeshatil kamgar chalvalinmadhil drushtikonacha parinam mhanoon paksh udayas aala, jase qee conferencia daas varg trablehadorus (conclet), nantar madhyavarti unica doses trablehadorus (cutt) madhye vikasit jhaala, jyane 1978 teey 1980 paryant mothe sump kele; aanee junya brazilian davya vicharsaraniche, jyanche samarthak, jyapaiki barech patrakar, buddhijivi, kalakar aanee sangh aayojak hote, 1979 chya maafee kayadyasah haddapar houn paratat hote, tyapaiki anekanni anek varshanchya haddaparatevyatirikt lashkari sarkarchya turungwas aanee chhal sahan keela hota. swatah dilma rausefla hukumshahine turungat takale aanee chhal keela.
pann. lokshahi samajvadachya pravruttikhali suru karnyat aala. 1964 chya 'koop dii' ett 'nantar, brazilchya kamgar sanghatananchya mukhya mahasanghane, kamgaranchi samanya aadnya (' komando geral doses troublehodores '-see. jee. tii.), jee nirmiti jhalyapasun kamgar mantralayane manjur kelelya netyanna gola karate, hii pratha, qee getulio vargaschi hukumshahi, sanghatana ardh-rajya sanstha banalya hotya, visarjit karnyat aalee, tarr sanghatananna swatach lashkari rajvatichya hastakshepala samore jaave lagale.
1970 chya dashakachya uttaradhat luiz inacio lula daa silva yanchya netrutvakhalil aii. bii. see. pradeshatil sampanmule sanghatit kamgar chalvaliche punarutthan jhaale, jyamule rajyachya thet hastakshepashivay kamgar chalvalichi punarrachana shakya jhaali. yaa chalvaline moolatah keval sangharajyat kaam karnyacha prayatna keela, parantu rajyachya varchasvakhalil puranmatvadi sangharajyache astitva (see. jee. tii. chya punarbandhanitun purava) aanee brazilian communist paksh ('partido communista brasiliro', pii. see. bii.) sarkhya paramparik davya vicharsaranichya pakshanchya netyanni kamgar sanghatana chalvalivar ghatalelya prabhavamule, stalinvadvirodhi netyanni protsahit kelelya aii. bii. see. chya sanghvadi chalvalis polandmadhil solidarnosh union chalvalipramanech swatachya pakshala sanghatit karnyas bhag padale.
tyamule, adhikrut sanghvadachya paramparik netyanna nakarat aanee lokshahi samajvadache eka naveen swaroop aacharanat aananyacha prayatna karat, soviet aanee chiinii yansarkhya, tyala kshaysheel manalya jaananya rajkiy modelsna nakarnyacha prayatna karat pann. udayas aale. teey sanghavad aanee stalinvadvirodhi buddhijivi yanchyatil sangamache pratinidhitva karat hote.
11 februwari 1982 roji brazilchya sarvoch nivadanuk nyayalayane pitila adhikrutpane eka paksh mhanoon manyata dilee. pahile sadasyatva card qalaa samikshak aanee majee trotskiwadi karyakarte marrio pedrosa yanche hote, tyanantar sahityik vidwan antonio candido aanee itihaskar sergio burk dii hollanda yancha samavesh hota. holandachi mulgi anaa dii hollanda nantar rauseff mantrimandalat sanskrutik mantri bunley.
nivadanukicha itihas.
1988 pasoon, saao paulo, fortaleza, belo horizone, porto elegre aanee goenia yasarkhya brazilchya anek mothya shaharanmadhye tasech reo grande doo sul, espirito santo aanee federal district yasarkhya kahee mahattvachya rajyanmadhye nivadanuka jinkun kamgar pakshachi rashtriy staravar lokpriyata vadhali aahe. yaa vijayachya saravachi sangata 2002 madhye rashtradhyakshapadache umedvar lula yanchya vijaysah jhaali, jyanni brazilian soshal democracy partychya ('partido daa soshal democracia brasilira-' pii. ess. dii. bii.) fernando henrique cardosoche sthan ghetale. aarthik udarmatvadachya sanrakshanasathi, pii. ess. dii. bii. haah pakshacha mukhya nivadanuk pratispardhi tasech lokshahivadi, rashtriy nutanikaran aaghadicha ('alianca renovedora national-' kshetra) varasdar, lashkari hukumshahichya kalat sattadhari paksh aahe. lokpriy samajvadi pakshasah ('partido popular socialista-pii. pii. ess.'), pii. see. bii. chaa eka matbhed, teey lula prashasanashi kendra-ujavya virodhi aahet.
1989 chya rashtrapatipadachya nivadanuka
1989 chya sarvatrik nivadnukanmadhye, lula fernando collar dii melosah dusya fereet gela. pahilya feritil serve madhyamvargiy aanee davya vicharsaraniche umedvar lulachya umedvarichya bajoone ekatra aale asale taree, kolarchya mohimela prasarmadhyamancha (visheshtah 'citizen kenchya palikade' yaa mahitipatavar disalyapramane riddy globo) jordar pathimba hota aanee lula dusya ferimadhye 5.7% chya jawalpasachya farkane parabhoot jhaala.
1994 aanee 1998 chya sarvatrik nivadanuka
1994chya sarvatrik nivadanukanparyant, lula heey bahutansh nivadnukanmadhye pramukh rashtrapatipadache umedvar hote. parinami, madhyamargi aanee ujavya vicharsaraniche paksh fernando henrique cardosochya umedvarisathi ughadpane ekatra aale. arthvyavastha mantri mhanoon cardosone kharee yojana tayar kelee, jyane naveen chalan sthapit kele aanee tyanantar chalanwadh sampavali aanee aarthik sthirata pradan kelee. parinami, cardosone pahilya fereet 54 takke matey midvat nivadanuk jinkley. tathapi, heey nondavale gele aahe qee "pann. yanchyasathi nivadanuka hii sampoorn aapatti navhati, jyamule congressmadhye tyanchi upasthiti lakshaniyaritya vadhali aanee prathamach done rajya rajyapalanchi nivad jhaali". cardosone punha ekada lulala punha ekada parabhoot kele aanee 1998 madhye dus-yaa karyakalasathi punha nivadoon aala.
2002 chya sarvatrik nivadanuka
pii. ess. dii. bii. chee pratima dhasalhlyanantar aanee cardoso sarkarchya antim varshanmadhye udbhavalelya aarthik sankatacha parinam mhanoon, lula yanni 2002 chee adhyakshiy nivadanuk dusya fereet 52 dashalakshanhun adhik matansah jinkley, aanee ronald riganla mage takat teey itihasatil sarvadhik matey midavanare adhyaksh banale.
2006 chya sarvatrik nivadanuka
29 aktoobar 2006 roji pann. yanni pratinidhi mandalachya 83 jaaga aanee federal sinetchya 11 jaaga jinkalya. lula 60 takkyanhun adhik matansah punha nivadoon aale aanee tyanni brazilche adhyaksh mhanoon 1 janewari 2011 paryant aapale sthan vadhavale.
pann. haah aata pratinidhi mandalacha dusra sarvat motha paksh aahe, federal cinetmadhil chautha sarvat motha paksh aahe aanee tyala 5 rajya rajyapalpad aahet. tathapi, tyane daha sarvat shrimant rajyanpaiki keval eka rajyavar (bahiya) niyantran midavale.
2010 chya sarvatrik nivadanuka
3 aktoobar roji jhalelya 2010 chya sarvatrik nivadnukanmadhye pann. yanni pratinidhi mandalachya 17.15% jaganvar niyantran midavale, joou 2002 pasoon pakshacha vikram aahe. 88 jaaga jinkalyane, too pahilyandach kanishth sabhagruhatil sarvat motha paksh banala. 11 sinetarsachi nivad kelyanantar pann. haah prathamach federal cinetmadhil dusra sarvat motha paksh banala, jyane 2010-2014 vidhimandalasathi ekoon 14 senators banavale. tyachya rashtriy aaghadine khalchya sabhagruhat 311 jaaga aanee varchya sabhagruhat 50 jaaga midavalya, donhi sabhagruhanmadhye vishal bahumat jeey lula prashasanala kadhich midale navhate. yaa nivadanukit kendra-ujavya virodhi gatane niyantrit kelelya jaganchi sankhya dekhil qamee jhaali kaaran teey 133 varoon 111 khasdaranvar ghasarale. solane sthapan kelelya davya virodhi pakshane teen jaganvar niyantran kayam thewale.
pakshane pahilya fereet aaplya adhyakshapadachya umedvar dilma rauseff yanchihi nivad karane apekshit hote. tathapi, tyanna aavashyak sankhyabal vaidh matey (50 takkyanhun adhik) miloo shakali naheet aanee dusari pherii jyamadhye tyanna 56 takke matey midali tee 31 aktoobar 2010 roji jhaali. 1 janewari 2011 roji, tyanche udghatan jhaale aanee asha prakare teey brazilchya itihasatil pahilya mahila sarkarpramukh aanee 1816 madhye portugal, brazil aanee algarvchya united kingdamchya ranee maria I chya mrutyunantarchya pahilya "vastavik" mahila rajyapramukh banalya.
2010 chya nivadnukanmadhye pann. yanni reo grande doo sul aanee federal jilhyavar punha niyantran midvanyavyatirikt bahiya, sergip aanee ekarchya rajyapalpadanvar niyantran kayam thewale. taridekhil, tyane parache niyantran gamavale. pakshane samarthit kelelya umedvaranni amapa, siera, espirito santo, maranhao, maato grosso, parnambuko, piaui aanee reo dii janeiro yaa spardhanmadhye vijay midavala, jyacha arth pann. 27 paiki 13 rajya governorshipmadhye bhag ghetil.
2014 chya sarvatrik nivadanuka
5 aktoobar roji jhalelya 2014 chya sarvatrik nivadnukanmadhye, pakshane 2010 madhye midalelya 88 jaganpeksha qamee, matancha 13.9% aanee pratinidhi mandalatil 69 jaaga jinkalya. rashtrapatipadachya nivadanukichya pahilya fereet, rausefne 41.6% matey jinkley parantu vijay midvinyasathi pureshi navhati. 26 aktoobar roji jhalelya upantya fereet, senator aco naves viruddha 51.6% matansah rauseff punha nivadoon aala.
mantrimandalache pratinidhitva.
pann. yanni karyalayat asatana bahutansh vel tyanni netrutva kelelya mantrimandalanmadhye bhakkam pratinidhitva midavale. pahilya done yutimadhye pann. yanni mantrimandalachi bahutansh padey bhushavali, pahilya yutimadhye 60 takke, dusya yutimadhye 54.8% aanee tisya yutimadhye 46.5% yancha samavesh asalelya mantri padanvar tyancha kabja hota.
vichardhara.
pann. yanni jaree janivpurvak swatahla kadhihi davya vicharsaranichya vishisht brandshee jodale nasale taree, tyanni swatahla nehmich samajvadi mhanoon paribhashit kele aanee anek kattarpanthi bhoomikanche samarthan kele. udaharanarth, 1988 chya brazilian sanvidhan sabhet tyanni brazilche bahya karj nakarane, deshachya banka aanee khanij sampattiche rashtriyikaran aanee aamulagra jameen sudharana karnyache samarthan kele. yavyatirikt, nishedhacha eka prakar mhanoon aanee pakshane "khelache niyam" purnapane sweekarle naheet yacha sanket mhanoon pann. chya pratinidhinni masuda sanvidhanavar swakshari karnyas nakar deela.
pudhil kahee varshant, pakshane thodishi sanyam balgala, parantu tyanni aapali kattartavad spashtapane kadhihi sodala nahee aanee 1989 chya rashtrapatipadachya nivadanukit lulacha parabhav jhalyanantarhi pakshachya tattvanmadhye konatihi mothee sudharana kelee nahee. udaharanarth, 1993 madheel pakshachya 8vya rashtriy baithakitil tharavane pann. yanchya "krantikari aanee samajvadi charitryacha" punaruchchar keela, lokshahi uddhvast karnyachya uchchabhru lokanchya "cutt" chaa nishedh keela, pakshane "aamulagra krishi sudharana aanee bahya karj sthagit karnyache" samarthan kele aanee assa nishkarsh kadhala qee "bhandavalshahi aanee khajgi malmatta manavtela bhavishya deu shakat naheet".
1994 madhye, lula punha adhyakshapadasathi ladhale aanee tyanchya mohimedarmyan fernando henrique cardoso yanni alikadech amalat aanaleli vastavik yojana 'nivadanuk fasavanuk' mhanoon fetalali. 1994 chya rashtriy baithakitil tharavanmadhye "utpadan sadhananvar varchasva asalelya vargachya niyantranacha" nishedh keela gela aanee pakshachya "samajvadaprati asalelya vachanbaddhatecha" punaruchchar keela gela. pann. yanchya tyaa varshichya sarkarchya karyakramane pakshala "ekadhikarvirodhi, latifundiovirodhi aanee samrajyavadvirodhi badalasathi" vachanbaddha kele...] bhandavalshahila paryay tayar karnyachya dirghakalin dhoranacha eka bhag mhanoon, "jyaa vidhananni aantarrashtriy vittiy samudayachya pathicha kanaa thartharat gela". asha prakare, 1995 paryant pann. yanchya adhikrut vichardharet 1990 chya dashakachya suruvatipasun 'thode kinwa kahich nahee' badal jhaale hote.
1994 madhye lulachya parabhavanantar pakshane aatmaparikshechi prakriya mandavanyas suruvat kelee. 1995 madhye jhalelya 10 vya rashtriy baithakit swikaranyat aalelya tharavat asey mhatale hote qee, "1994 madheel aapala parabhav samajatil aaplya pratimebaddal, aaplya antargat ladhayanchya bahya parinamambaddal aanee aaplya vaicharik aanee rajkiy sandigdhatambaddal kroor pratibimb aanato". shityuddha sampalyanantar itar samajvadi pakshanpramanech aatmaparikshepasun door jaanyachya halchalimadhye bhootkalapasun muktata samavisht navhati. hii prakriya haloohaloo, virodhabhasanni bharaleli aanee pakshantargat tanavane bharaleli hotee. 1997 paryant, rashtriy sabhechya tharavane, rajyala "adhik pardarshak aanee samajikdrushtya jababdar" banavanyachya uddeshane samajvadachya aarthik drushtikonaivaji rajkiy drushtikonavar bharr dett, pann. yanchya samajvadachya aavruttichi "lokshahi kranti" mhanoon punarnirdharan kele.
1998 madhye lulachya tisya adhyakshiy prachar manchane samajvadi prastav aanee samajvadi samajat sankraman honyacha ullekhahi qamee keela, parantu tyaa varshi pakshachya baithakitil tharavane lulachya vyaspithacha "pann. asha prakare, pann. yanni 1998 paryant tyanchya mool samajvadi vaktrutva aanee prastavanpasun swatahla door thevanyas suruvat kelee hotee, parantu tyaa varshi lula punha haralyashivay aanee lula aanee tyanchya gatane brazilchya badalatya rajkiy sandarbh aanee cardosochya aarthik sudharanancha prabhav adhik purnapane pachavalyashivay eka spasht badal jhaala nahee.
matdar aadhar.
2006 pasoonchya adhyakshiy nivadnukanmadhye kamgar pakshatil bahutansh matey brazilchya uttar aanee ishanyekadil bhagatoon yetat. tathapi, pakshane 1998 teey 2014 yaa kalat reo dii janeiro yethe, 1989 teey 2010 yaa kalat federal jeelhyat (1998 madhye cardoso jinkla tevha apavad vagalata) aanee 2002 teey 2014 yaa kalat (matdaranchya sankhyenusar teen sarvat mothya rajyanpaiki heey done rajya aahet aanee ektritpane tyamadhye matdaranchi 18.5% sankhya aahe) pratyek adhyakshiy nivadanuk jinkley aahe. yaa pakshane dakshinekadil reo grande doo sul yaa rajyatahi aapala balekilla kayam thewala aahe, jithe 1989chya dusya feripasoon 2002 paryant satatyane vijay midavala aahe. mulat aii. bii. see. pradeshachya sangharajyashi sambandh asalelya shahari paksh, pann. neey alikadech lahan shaharanmadhye aaplya pathimbyamadhye mothee vaadh pahili aahe.
pann. chaa bahutansh nakar saao paulokadoon yeto kaaran tyanni 2002 madhye (donhi feiiah) tethe keval ekdach nivadanuka jinkalya aahet. saao paulomadhil aitihasik pann. nakar rajdhanipeksha antargat bhagat adhik vyapak hota kaaran pann. yanni 1988,2000 aanee 2012 saalee saao paulo mahapourpadachi nivadanuk jinkley aanee teey tyanchya matrubhoomit, grater saao paulomadhye eka pramukh shakti hote. asey asoonahi, pakshane yaa pradeshat dekhil aapala pathimba gamavala aanee 2016 chya nagarpalika nivadanukit rajdhanit ekahi nivadanuk kshetra jinkalele nahee. fernivadanukisathi ichchuk asalele umedvar fernando hadad heey vijetya joao doriyapeksha 36 takke gunanni mage rahoon dusya sthanavar rahile. pann. yaa pradeshatil fakt eka shaharat, franco daa rocha yaa chhotya aanee durchya nagarpaliket jinkanyat yashasvi jhaale. madhya-dakshinechya itar rajyanmadhyehi pann. laa jordar nakar deela jaato, jase qee reo dii janeiro, jyane 2018 paryant 1994 vagalata serve naveen prajasattak nivadnukanmadhye kamgar pakshachya adhyakshapadachya umedvaranna matdan kele hote, paksh sangharajya, rajya aanee nagarpalika staravar pratinidhi banavanyat tivra adachani darshavito. pakshane rajyachya rajdhanit kadhihi mahapour nivadala nahee, rajyapal kadhihi nivadala nahee (benedita daa silva, pakshatil rajyache ekmev rajyapal, 2002 madhye namdhari anthony garoteinhochya rajinamyamule padbhar swikarla, joou tyanchya pakshane kahee varshanpurvi todala hota aanee tyach varshichya nivadanukit garoteinhochya patni rosangela mathius yanni tyancha mothya pramanat parabhav keela hota) aanee anekada rashtriy nivadnukanmadhye khoopach qamee vajan asalelya davya pakshankadun nivadanukit ulatya kelya jaatat. rajyatil vijay heey pann. yanchya karyakramachya pathimbyapeksha rajyatil pii. ess. dii. bii. chya jordar nakarashi (jeey tyachya rashtriy samarthyashivay aanakhi kamkuvat aanee nakarle gele aahe) adhik sambandhit hote. 2018 chya adhyakshiy nivadanukit, donhi rajyanmadhye samaan takkewarisah reo dii janeiro aanee saao paulomadhye pann. parabhoot jhaale, saao paulomadhye pakshala midalelya vaidh matanpaiki keval 0.02% qamee takke matanchya farkane. aagney rajya asoonahi, minas gerichya anek pradeshanche, visheshtah rajyachya uttar bhagatil, ishanyekade majboot aarthik, sanskrutik aanee samajik sambandh hote. ishanyekadil prateek asalelya saao francisco nadicha ugam pirapora yaa minas yaa chhotya shaharat aahe. reo grande doo sul aanee distrito federal vagalata, pann. yanna 2014 paryant madhya-dakshinmadhye kadhihi nivadoon aalela rajyapal milat nahee, jevha fernando damata pimentel heey minas geraisache rajyapal mhanoon nivadoon aale.
uttar brazilmadhye aanee amazonian pradeshat pann. chaa nivadanuk balekilla majboot hota; 1990 teey 2018 yaa kalat pratyek rajya governorpadavar pakshane ekarat vijay midavala. tathapi, pakshacha ekar vibhag urvarit pakshapeksha adhik swatantra aanee madhyam aahe aanee pann. 2002 aanee 2006 madhye rajyat keval donada rashtrapatipadachi nivadanuk jinkla hota. pann. laa 2018 madhye ujavya vicharsaranichya purogami pakshachya umedvarakadun ekar governorpadahi gamvave lagale. raposa sera doow soul yaa sthanik pradeshabaddalachya vadacha parinam, jyala majee adhyaksh lula yanni gair-sthanik lokancha virodh asoonahi bhakkam pathimba deela; aanee randonia, jyamadhye evangelical aanee dakshin/aagney sthalantaritanchi mothee loksankhya hotee, teey dekhil pakshabaddalche aakshep darshavtat. 2018 chya nivadnukanmadhye dekhil nivadanukicha balekilla gamavala gela; keval paaraa aanee tocantin yaa rajyanmadhye vijay midavala, brazilchya ishanyela lagoon asaleli yaa pradeshatil ekmev rajye aanee tyanchi bahutek sanskruti urvarit amazonpeksha vayvyekadoon jawal aahe. amazonmadhye, brazilmadhil sarvat mothee rajye, pann. 1998 nantar prathamach 2018 madhye harali; pann. rajyachi rajdhani manaus, eka mukt kshetra jeey rajyachya nimmyahoon adhik loksankhyevar kendrit aahe, yethe harale; amazonian rajyachya mothya, viral vastee asalelya aateel bhagat, pann. mothya farkane jinkale parantu rashtrapatipadachya nivadanukit rajyatil pakshachya pachvya vijayachi hummy denyasathi apure.
pann. yanni matra, 2002 madhye lula yaa pahilya nivadanukit vijay midvat, ishanya brazilmadhil aapala balekilla kayam thewala aanee vistar keela. 2002 pasoon, 2002 chya rashtrapatipadachya nivadnukanmadhye pann. madhye matdan naan kelele rajya vagalata ekmev rajya 2002 chya rashtrapatipadachya nivadanukanchya donhi fekyanmadhye alagos hote. paksh sankatat asatana dekhil, mageel mahapour nivadanukanpramanech, pann. aanee tyanche sahyogi brazilchya uttar aanee ishanya bhagat motha fayda midvanyat yashasvi tharale. pann. chaa sarvat nishthavan paksh pii. see. dii. oo. bii. aanee majee sahyogi brazilian socialist party ('partido socialista brasiliro'-pii. ess. bii.) aanee democratic lebber party ('partido democratico trabalista'-pii. dii. tii.) yanni lula-rauseff yugat pann. pii. see. dii. oo. bii. haah aata maranhao rajyatil sarvat majboot paksh aahe aanee arakaju, sergipacha mahapour nivadanyat saksham hota; pii. ess. bii. haah aata parnambuko aanee paraiba yaa rajyanmadhil sarvat majboot paksh aahe; aanee pii. dii. tii. ishanyekadil teen rajdhanyanmadhye vijay midvu shakala. vayvyekadil serve rajdhanya gamavoonahi, pann. kadey piyaui, bahiya aanee siera yaa teen vayvyekadil rajyanchi rajyapal padey hotee. 2006 madhye jinkale gelele bahiyache rajyapalpad pratikatmak aahe. haah paksh rashtriy staravaril pann. pann. chaa sarvat motha vaicharik pratispardhi asalelya, aata lokshahivadi (lokshahivadi-lokshahi) asalelya udarmatvadi aaghadicha ('partido daa frente liberal'-pii. eff. ell.) balekilla hota. pii. ess. dii. bii. haah eka sarvat majboot paksh aahe aanee 1994 pasoon pii. eff. ell./dame. neey bhag ghetalelya serve adhyakshiy tikitanche netrutva karat hota, parantu hukumshahicha davkhu virodhi mhanoon pii. ess. dii. bii. chya utpattishi samya asalelya pii. ess. dii. bii. chey mool aanee 1993 madhye brazilchya lashkari vyavastheshi sambandhit asalelya, majboot aarthik puranmatvadi drushtikonasaha ujavya vicharsaranichya pii. eff. ell. aanee pii. eff. ell. chey sarvat majboot netrutva aanee pann. bahiya haah aata pann. pann. chaa mukhya balekilla aahe, jeey pitismosathi sarvat vishvasarh rajya aahe aanee pakshasathi eka prashasakeey aadarsh manla jaato. asey asoonahi, rajyachi rajdhani salvadorvar demcha pramukh sadasya aanee antonio carlos magalhesacha natoo aii. see. emm. netoche shasson aahe.
ishanyekadil matey midvanyasathi brazilmadhil uttar-dakshin vibhajanacha fayda ghetalyacha aarop yaa pakshavar anekada keela jaato. paksh heey dave nakarto aanee dakshin aanee aagney bhagatahi virodhakanni asech kelyacha aarop karato.
31 aktoobar 2010 roji aaybopne kelelya sarvekshananusar, dusya ferichya matdanadarmyan pann. chya umedvar dilma rauseff yanna brazilchya sarvat garib lokanmadhye prachand bahumat midale. darmaha kiman vetan kinwa tyapeksha qamee midvananyanmadhye tichi aaghadi 26 takke hotee. catholic (58 takke), krishnavarniy (65 takke) aanee mishra-vansh brazilian (60 takke) hyanmadhyehi rausefla bahumat midale. goryanmadhye aanee protestantanmadhye, tee sankhyikiyadrushtya jose serashi jodaleli hotee aanee donhi loksankhyashastriy gatanmadhye tichi aaghadi keval 4 takke hotee. jaree tyaa mothya pakshatil pahilya mahila umedvar hotya, taree mahilanpeksha purushanmadhye tyanchi matey adhik hotee.
vaad.
2003-2007 antargat sankat aanee vibhajan.
lula adhyaksh mhanoon nivadoon aalyanantar pann. (davya vicharsaranichya samajvadi pakshatoon madhya-davya samajik-lokshahi pakshat) jhalelya rajkiy drushtikonatil badalanna loksankhyetil anekanni changla pratisad deela, parantu aitihasikdrushtya adhik kattarpanthi paksh mhanoon pann. neey pakshachya naveen rajkiy padancha sweekar karnyas nakar denanya sadasyanshi antargat sangharshanchi malika anubhavali aahe. yaa sangharshanmule sarvajanik vadavivadanna chalana midali aahe, jyapaiki sarvat white paristhiti december 2003 madhye paar padali, jevha samajik vima sudharananchya virodhat matdan kelyabaddal chaar asantusht aamdaranna pakshatoon kadhoon taknyat aale. yaa sadasyanmadhye congress sadasya joao battista olivira dii arajo (baba mhanoon olakhale jaanare) aanee senator heloisa helena hote, jyanni juuna 2004 madhye samajvad aanee swatantrya paksh ('partido samajvad aii liberded'-soul) sthapan keela aanee 2006 madhye adhyakshapadasathi dhaav ghetali, tyaa velee brazilchya itihasat sarvadhik matey midavanari mahila bunley.
dusarya eka halchalit, pakshachya kattarpanthi shakhechya 112 sadasyanni 30 janewari 2005 roji porto elegre yethe jaagtik samajik manchavar pann. yanna sodoon dett asalyache jaheer kele. tyanni 'futicha jahirnama' yaa shirshakacha jahirnama dekhil prakashit keela jyamadhye mhatale aahe qee pann. heey aata samajik parivartanache sadhan nahee, tarr keval sthitiche sadhan aahe, 'asey aantarrashtriy aarthik nidhi aanee itar aarthik aanee samajik samasyanchya sandarbhasah pudhe chaloo thewale.
bankup ghotalyacha.
bankup prakaran mhanoon olakhalya jaananya yaa ghotalyat joao vakari neto aanee gruhnirman sahkari sansthechya itar chaar sanchalakancha samavesh hota. sahkari sansthela sarkari karar midale aanee ticha kotyavadhicha vastavik mahasool hota. sahkari sansthene seva kararanmadhye 20 takke bekaydeshirpane bharr ghatalyache aadhalun aale, jyat anek karar apoorn rahile. sadasyanche nuksan qamee karnyasathi malmatteche diwalkhori aavashyak asalyane, sahkaryachi akheris 10 kotee dollarspeksha jaast toot jhaali.
2006 chaa nivadanuk ghotala.
haah ghotala september 2006 chya sumaras, sarvatrik nivadanukanchya fakt done aathvade aadhi ughadakis aala. parinami, rajkiy virodhkanvar hallah karnyasathi vaparale jaanare dastaivaj, eka kabool kelelya fasavanuk karnanyapasun kharedi karnyasathi pann. yanche andajpatrak (jeey paksh bhattyandvare anshatah rajya-anudanit aahe) kathitpane vaparlyanantar barzoni lulachya punarnirvachanache samanvay sodale. 25 april 2007 roji sarvoch nivadanuk nyayadhikaranane yaa ghotalyasathi konatyahi jababdarichi lula ekmatane manjur kelee.
purushancha ghotala.
julai 2005 madhye, pakshachya sadasyanvar bhrashtacharache aarop jhaale, jeey brazilian lebber partyche ('partido trabalhista brasiliro-' ptb) upaneta roberto jefferson yanni suru kele. slash funding aanee matansathi laach denyache gambhir purave sadar karnyat aale, jyamule pann. yanna tyanchya itihasatil sarvat gambhir sankatat odhale gele, jyala bolchalchya bhashet 'mensalo' mhanoon olakhale jaate. jose genone pakshachya adhyakshapadacha rajinama deela aanee tyanchya jaagi porto elegreche majee mahapour tarso geno yanchi niyukti karnyat aalee. yaa sankatacha parinam mhanoon alpasankhyak pakshachya sadasyanni pakshatyag keela. tyanchyapaiki bahutansh lock solmadhye gele.
lava jaato ghotala.
bhrashtachar aanee munny laundringsarkhya anek gunhyanchya tapasamule pakshache khajindar joao vakari neto aanee tyanchi mehuni yanna atak karnyat aalee. yaa prakriyet jose genoino, jose dirseu, delsidio doow amral, andre vargas aanee delubio soars yannahi atak karnyat aalee. agadi alikade, majee rashtradhyaksh lulala april 2018 madhye atak karnyat aalee. tathapi, march 2021 madhye sarvoch federal nyayalayane serve doshasiddhi raddabatal tharvalya. nyayadhish sergio morone firyadi pakshasobat cutt rachala hota asey suchavananya galatinantar heey ghadale.
sanghatana.
sthapanepasun pakshache netrutva khaleel paksh karat aale aaheh
gut.
pann. madhye articulacao yaa madhya-davya gatacha, jyacha lula eka bhag aahe, teey marksvadi aanee khrishchan samajvadi asha sumare tees gut ("tendensia") aahet.
naveen brazil kshetrachya imaratiche ektrikaran karanyachi pravrutti.
pakshatil ujavya vicharsaranicha manla jaanara, I.eae. madhya-davikade madhya-davikade jaane.
prasiddha sadasya.
portugij sankshipt naav pann. pasoon tyachya sadasyanna 'petistas' mhanoon olakhale jaate.