
krishna jaal vivad nyayadhikaran

aantarrajya nadee jaal vivad kayada-1956 chya tartudinnusar krishna aanee godavari nadyanchya nadee khonyatiilaw nadyanchya panyachya vaparachya vivadancha nirnay ghenyasathi bharat sarkarne 10 april 1969 roji eka samayik nyayadhikaran sthapan kele. samayik nyayadhikaranache adhyaksh shree aar ess bachavat hote aanee tyache sadasya shree dii emm bhandari aanee shree dii emm saine hote. krishna nadichya khonyatiilaw rajya maharashtra, karnatak aanee junya aandhra pradeshne twarit nikalavar jore deela kaaran krishna khonyatiilaw sinchan prakalpanchya bandhkamasathi too adhik soyiskar jhaala hota. tyamule krishna jaal vivad nyayadhikaranachi (keey. doubleu. dii. tii.) karyavahi pratham swatantrapane ghenyat aalee aanee tyacha antim nikal 27 meey 1976 roji bharat sarkarkade sadar karnyat aala.
krishna nadee hii dweepkalpiy bharatatil dusari sarvat mothee nadee aahe. tee maharashtratil mahabaleshwarjawal ugam pavte aanee maharashtrat 303 qii. mea., uttar karnatakachya runditoon 480 qii. mea. aanee urvarit 1300 qii. mea. pravas telangana aanee aandhra pradeshat bangalchya upasagarat jaaun khalee padate.
nadiche khore chauras qii. mea. aahe aanee maharashtra, karnatak aanee aandhra pradesh yaa rajyanche anukrame chauras qii. mea. (26.8%), chauras qii. mea. (43.8%) aanee chauras qii. mea. (29.4%) yogdan aahe.
keey. doubleu. dii. tii. aay. puraskar.
bachav aayogane (keey. doubleu. dii. tii. aay.) yaa prakaranacha tapshilvar aadhava ghetala aanee 1973 madhye aapala antim nirnay deela. nyayadhikaranane aaplya aadhichya ahavalat yojana aaa aanee yojana buub yaa done yojanancha tapasheel dilela hota, tarr antim nirnayat keval yojana aaa aanee yojana buub samavisht hote. aaa yojana hii 75 takke vishvasarhatechya aadhare upalabdh panyachya vibhaganishi sambandhit hotee, tarr buub yojanene atirikt paanee vatoon ghenyachya marganchi shifaras kelee.
31 meey 1976 rojichya tyachya asadharan rajpatrat haah puraskar prakashit karnyasathi sarkarla aanakhi teen varshe lagali. tyasah kedbluditycha antim puraskar (yojana aaa) teen rajyansathi bandhankarak jhaala.
keey. doubleu. dii. tii. neey aaplya puraskarat pratyek rajyacha achook vaataa namood keela aahe. vitaranasathi upalabdh asalelya panyache ekoon praman 2060 tii. emm. see. hote, assa yuktivad 75 takke vishvasarhatechya aadhare puraskarane keela. heey teen rajyanmadhye khaleel prakare vibhagale gele.
vareel vyatirikt, rajyanna keey. doubleu. dii. tii.-1 antim aadeshachya kalam 5 madhye namood kelyapramane 2060 tii. emm. see. ekoon vatpapaiki vatap kelelya panyachya kalbaddha vaparachya adheen rahoon anukrame 25,34 aanee 11 tii. emm. see. paryant punarutpadan/paratava pravah vaparanyachi parvanagi denyat aalee hotee. pudhe, nyayadhikaranane rajyanna tyanchya yojanannusar konatyahi prakalpasathi tyanchya vatyatalya panyacha vapar karanyachi parvanagi dilee aahe. keey. doubleu. dii. tii.-1 chya antim aadeshachya kalam 5 aanee 7 nusar, rajya konatyahi jalvarshat (panyachi kamatarata asalyas varshatahi) vahoon nenyachya sathavan suvidhecha vapar karoon tyache vatap kelele paanee purnapane vaparu shakate. jevha naditil paanee utpadan 2060 tii. emm. see. peksha jaast asate aanee jevha naditil paanee utpadan ekoon hakkapeksha (sumare 2130 tii. emm. see.) qamee asate, tevha paanee varshat vaparnyasathi patra paratava pravah asato, tevha rajya vahoon nenyacha satha tayar karoo shakate. asha prakare keey. doubleu. dii. tii.-1 neey naditil sarasari utpannachya tulanet 2130 tii. emm. see. paryantchya panyachya vaparache vatap kele, jeey 75 takke vishvasarh varshat panyachya upalabdhatechya adheen nahee. alikadil keey. doubleu. dii. tii.-2 dware naditil sarasari utpannache moolyankan 2578 tii. emm. see. asey kele gele aahe.
krishna nadee aanee godavari nadee nyayadhikaran yaa donhi puraskaransathi naditil panyachi upalabdhata aanee jalvarshatil paanee vaparache mojmap nikash sarkhech aahet
punarnirmitisah, karnatkala vaparasathi upalabdh asalele ekoon paanee sumare 734 tii. emm. see. aahe. yapaiki 173 tii. emm. see. saha appar krishna prakalpache vatap karnyat aale aahe.
yojana buub.
nyayadhikaranane aaplya ahavalat, yojana buub antargat, nadee khonyat upalabdh asalele atirikt paanee ekoon 330 tii. emm. see. asalyache nishchit kele aahe. maharashtra, karnatak aanee aandhra pradesh yaa nadimukh pradeshanchya rajyanmadhye anukrame 25 takke, 50 takke aanee 25 takke yaa gunottarane vibhagani karnyacha nirnay ghenyat aala. buub yojnet asehi namood kele aahe qee, jevha naditil paanee eka jalvarshat 2060 tii. emm. see. peksha qamee upalabdh asel, tevha krishnache paanee yojanechya pramanat vatap kele jaeel.
nyayadhikaranane asehi spasht kele qee jarr konatyahi eka rajyane vareel gunottarat atirikt paanee vatoon ghenyat sahkarya kele nahee, tarr sansadene atirikt paanee aine actimentdware vitarit karnyacha nirnay ghyava (prushth 163 cadebludity ahwal khand.(kha).
tathapi, yojanechi amalbajavani sunishchit karnyasathi buub yojnet eka pradhikaranachi (krishna nadee khore pradhikaran) sthapana karnyat aalee. tathapi, asha pradhikaranachi sthapana aantarrajya jaal vivad kayada 1956 antargat nyayadhikaranachya adhikaranchya baher hotee. parinami, yojana buub nyayadhikaranachya antim nirnayatoon vagalanyat aalee aanee rajpatrat antim adhisuchanesathi ektya yojanechi sarkarkade bhet denyat aalee.
tyamule, sadhya aandhra pradeshala konatehi atirikt paanee vaparnyache swatantrya [keey. doubleu. dii. tii.-1 chaa kalam v (see)] denyat aale aahe, jaree teey tyavar konatyahi adhikarancha dawa karoo shakat nahee.
puraskaracha aadhava.
keey. doubleu. dii. tii.-1 neey 31 meey 2000 nantar tyachya puraskaracha aadhava ghenyachi tartud kelee. matra tyanantar 3 varshanpeksha jaast kaal assa konatahi aadhava ghenyat aala nahee.
april 2004 madhye, tinhi rajyanchya vinantinantar bharat sarkarne dusya keey. doubleu. dii. tii. chee sthapana kelee. yaa nyayadhikaranane 16.07.07 pasoon aapali karyavahi suru kelee aahe.
keey. doubleu. dii. tii. dusra masuda puraskar.
dusya krishna jaal vivad nyayadhikaranane 31 december 2010 roji aapala masuda nikal deela. gelya 47 varshanchya panyachya pravahachya nondi lakshat gheuun upalabdh panyache vatap 65 takke vishvasarhatenusar karnyat aale. keey. doubleu. dii. tii. 2 nusar aandhra pradeshala 1001 tii. emm. see., karnatkala 911 tii. emm. see. aanee maharashtrala 666 tii. emm. see. paanee midale. paanee vatpacha pudhil aadhava 2050 nantar ghetala jaeel.
keey. doubleu. dii. tii.-2 neey rajyanmadhye 16 tii. emm. see. vagalata naditil sampoorn sarasari paanee (2578 tii. emm. see.) utpadan vatap kele aahe, jeey kiman paryavaraniy pravah mhanoon vijaywada jawalil prakasham barragemadhun samudrakade vahoon jaau dile jaanar aahe. samudrat meeth niryat karnyachya uddeshane panyachi tartud nahee. pavasache paanee jevha matichya samparkat yete, tevha teey matitoon virghalalelya swarupat kahee kshar ghete. nadichya panyat asalele vighatit ksharanche ekoon praman nadichya khonyat jamaa naan hota samudrat pohochave lagate. yaa prakriyela 'meeth niryat' mhanatat. jarr samudrala purese paanee naan deta serve panyacha vapar keela gela tarr panyachi kharatpana/ekoon virghalalele kshar (tii. dii. ess.) itake jaast asateel qee teey manav, guredhore aanee shetisathi ayogya tharel. calcium aanee magneshiyam ghatakanchya tulanet jaast soodiyam kinwa sinchan panyat uralelya soodiyam carbonetchya upasthitimule shetjaminiche paar padalelya sodic alkadharmi matimadhye rupantar hoil. pureshi mithachi niryat hott nasel tarr aandhra pradeshchya sakhal bhagavar ksharata aanee kharatpanacha parinam hoil.
maharashtra aanee karnatakmadhye sthit krishna nadichya khonyatiilaw unch pradesh heey dakkhanchya sapalyanvar vasalele aahet, jyat besaltchya khadakanchya ghandat rachanancha samavesh aahe. besault khadak rasayanik havamanamule pravan aahe, jyamule nadichya panyat adhik tii. dii. ess. yogdan milate. tii. dii. ess. 500 mii. gra./litarpeksha jaast asalyas paanee pinyasathi surakshit nahee. krishna khonyatiilaw prakasham bandhadhyaparyantchya bhagat mithachya niryatichi sarasari varshik garaj sumare 1 kotee 20 laakh tunn aahe. 500 mii. gra./litarpeksha qamee paanee tikavoon thevanyasathi meeth niryatisathi kiman 850 tii. emm. see. paanee aavashyak aahe. yamadhye krishna nadichya panyache 360 tii. emm. see. paanee krishna khonyatoon baher vaparale jaat aahe. khonyachya kshetrabaher vaparale jaanare heey paanee mithachya niryatisathi dekhil upayogi aahe kaaran kshar khonyachya baher hastantarit kele jaatat. tyamule aanakhi 490 tii. emm. see. meeth niryatisathi samudrat sodale jaanar aahe. jarr mithachi niryat aanee paryavaraniy garajancha vichar keela tarr keey. doubleu. dii. tii.-1 neey purvi kelelya panyachya vaparachya vatpapeksha keey. doubleu. dii. tii.-2 dware pudhil paanee vatap shakya nahee. shevati krishna nadiche khore aandhra pradeshatil godavari nadee aanee karnatakatil paschimekade vahana nadyansarkhya shejarchya nadyanmadhil panyachi nivval aayatdar asel. tyanantar krishna khonyat nirman honara ekoon mithacha bhaar prakasham barragechya khalchya bhagat 850 tii. emm. see. peksha jaast paanee takoon thet samudrat sodanyat yeil, jenekarun panyachi lavchikta 500 ppmpeksha qamee raheel.
keey. doubleu. dii. tii.-1 dware aniyantrit bhujal vaparas parvanagi denyat aalee aahe. gelya 35 varshant bhujal shoshan anek patine vadhale aahe. satat vadhana bhujal vaparamule naditil ogh aanee naditil panyachi gunavatta kashee qamee hott aahe yavar keey. doubleu. dii. tii.-2 neey charcha keleli nahee. keey. doubleu. dii. tii.-1 dwarech ekoon 2578 tii. emm. see. panyachya upalabdhatepaiki 83 takke paanee vatap kele jaate. dashak/varsh 1998-2007 darmyan, naditil 2402 tii. emm. see. varshik sarasari utpannapaiki (keey. doubleu. dii. tii.-2 chey prushth 303) 1892 tii. emm. see. chaa vapar karoon darvarshi sarasari 510 tii. emm. see. samudrat sodale gele, jeey ekoon utpannachya keval 21 takke aahe. krishna panyache varshanuvarshe sarasari tii. dii. aadhich sumare 450 mii. gra./litter aahe jeey 500 ppmchya surakshit kamal patalichya jawal aahe. yaa dashkatil (1998 teey 2007 varshe) panyachi pratyaksh sarasari upalabdhata, keey. doubleu. dii. tii.-2 dware 2578 tii. emm. see. chee andajit sarasari upalabdhatepeksha 176 tii. emm. see. neey qamee aahe. bhavishyat keey. doubleu. dii. tii.-1 dware parvanagi dilyapramane 2130 tii. emm. see. paryant panyacha purn vapar sadhya jhalyas, 2402 tii. emm. see. panyachya upalabdhatepaiki 88.67% paanee vaparale jaeel jyamule panyachi ksharata asvikarya pataliparyant vadhel. tyamule nadipatratil rajyanna pudhe vatap karnyasathi nadimadhye atirikt paanee upalabdh nahee, keey. doubleu. dii. tii.-2 dware keey. doubleu. dii. tii.-1 dware parvanagi dilelya sarasari 2130 tii. emm. see. peksha jaast paanee upalabdh nahee. kharey tarr, madhyam paryavaraniy pravahachya garajanchi kalji ghetali jaat asatana, keey. doubleu. dii. tii.-1 paanee vapar vatap heey naditoon shashvat paanee vaparachya aadhich jaast aahe.
austreliyatil murre-darling nadichya khonyatiilaw aniyojit panyachya vaparamule nadichya panyachi ksharata aanee kharatpana surakshit maryadepalikade vadhala aahe, jyamule nadichya khonyachya dirghakalin shashvat utpadaktevar parinam hott aahe. tyamule nadipatrachya shashvat utpadaktela jhalelya nukasanichi bharpai karnyasathi upayayojanatmak krutee yojana haatee ghenyasathi murre-darling khore pradhikaranachi sthapana karnyat aalee aahe. panyachi gunavatta aanee kshar vyavasthapan haah yaa yojanecha bhag banavanyat aala aahe. tyat asey namood kele aahe qee, darroj 500 migra/litter (800 microsameter/seey. mea.) itaki panyachi tii. dii. dii. maryada varshatil kalavadhichya 95 takkyanpeksha jaast nasavi. mithachya niryatisathi aavashyak asalela paryavaraniy pravah vadhavanyasathi tyane sinchanasathicha vidyaman panyacha vapar/haqq badalale aahet.
panyache kharatpana lakshat gheuun nadichya panyachya vatpache aanakhi eka udaharan mhanje america aanee mexicomadhye vahanari colorado nadee. 1944 chya united states-mexico kararanusar koloradochya panyachya vaparasathi mexicola naditoon varshik pramanat panyachi hummy dilee gelee. yaa kararat panyachya gunavattechi vishesh tartud nahee, parantu 1950 chya dashakachya uttaradhaparyant hii samasya nirman jhaali nahee. united statesmadhil vegwan aarthik vikas aanee vadhiv krishi panyachya vaparamule mexicola midalelya panyachya gunvattechya hasala chalana midali. yaa samasyeche nirakaran karnyachya drushtine, meksikone virodh keela aanee amerikeshi dwipakshi vataghati kelya. 1974 madhye, yaa vataghaticha parinam 1944 chya kararacha arth lavnara aantarrashtriy karar jhaala, jyane meksikochya panyache united statesmadhye vaparlya jaananya samaan gunvatteche hummy dile. california rajyatil bhujal vapar kinwa bhujal khankam talhanyasathi shashvat bhujal vyavasthapan kayada dekhil 2014 saalee tayar karnyat aala aahe.
krishna nadichya khonyatiilaw panyacha vapar aadhich kamal maryadeparyant pohochat asalyane samudratil mithachi niryat sankuchit hott aahe. samudrat mithachya niryatisathi aavashyak asalele kiman paanee tharvanyasathi tadnyankadun tapshilvar abhyas keela jaeel. murre-darling nadichya panyacha ativapar karnyachya austreliyachya white anubhavatoon bharatane shikale pahije. keey. doubleu. dii. tii.-2 dware puratan nadijal vatap nakarat bharat sarkar murre-darling khore pradhikaranachya anushangane krishna khore pradhikaranachi sthapana karel. krishna khore pradhikaranache netrutva paryavaran, sinchan, shetee, bhujal, bhoogarbhshastra, aarogya, paryavaran ityadiche pratinidhitva karananya tadnyanchya samiteene kele pahije. nadee khonyachya dirghakalin shashvat utpadakta aanee paryavaranasathi tyache sanrakshn karane. ksharata, ph, ksharata, aar. ess. see. nirdeshank ityadinsathi aanakhi sambhavya pradushan bhaar shodhanyasathi jalvahatuk pratikruti abhyas aayojit kele jaatil.
epine dakhal kelelya vishesh parvanagi yachikechya uttarat, sarvoch nyayalayane 15 september 2011 roji bharat sarkarla nirdesh dile qee, aantarrajyiy nadee jaal vivad kayada 1956 (varsh 2002 madhye mageel durusti) chya konatyahi ullanghanasathi punarparikshan hoiparyant cadebludity-2 antim nikal swikaru naye.
kaveri jaal vivad nyayadhikaranacha aadesh bharat sarkarne 20 februwari 2013 roji adhisuchit keela hota. nyayadhikaranane nadichya khonyatoon samanya varshat ekoon 740 tii. emm. see. phoot panyachi upalabdhata asalyache moolyankan kele aahe. samanya varshanmadhye, karnatakakadun 192 tii. emm. see. eff. tii. heey varshabharat masik aadharavar tamilanadula sodale jaanar aahe. karnatak aanee keral rajyanmadhil varchya khonyatiilaw upalabdh asalelya panyachya sumare 37 takke panyachya barobarine 192 tii. emm. see. eff. tii. aahe. samanya utpannapeksha qamee utpadan varshanmadhye nadichya khonyatoon upalabdh asalelya panyachya pramanbaddh patratechi tartudahi yaat aahe. tyachpramane krishna khonyatiilaw paanee karnatak aanee maharashtra yaa varchya rajyanmadhun aandhra pradeshchya khalchya pravahatil rajyanna keey. doubleu. dii. tii.-3 dware masik aadharavar vatap kele jaanar aahe.
keey. doubleu. dii. tii. II antim puraskar.
nyaymurti brijesh kumar nyayadhikaranane 29 november 2013 roji aapala antim/pudhil nikal deela, jyane rajyanchya vaparasathichya vyapak paanee vatpat (karnatak vatpat sambandhit ghatisah aandhra pradeshchya vatpat 4 tii. emm. see. neey vaadh karane vagalata) badal keela nahee. paryavaraniy pravahasathi upalabdh asalele sarasari varshik paanee aanee mithachi niryat hii 448 tii. emm. see. varoon 171 tii. emm. see. (kiman 16 tii. emm. see. satat paryavaraniy pravahasah) neey qamee karnyat aalee aahe, jyamule rajyanna tyanchya fayadeshir vaparasathi 277 tii. emm. see. atirikt vatap karnyat aale aahe. nadipatratil shashvat utpadakta aanee paryavaranakade visheshtah shevatchya bhagat durlaksh karoon nyayadhikaranane aavashyak manalya gelelya aanee pracheen kalapasoon hott asalelya sarasari varshik paryavaraniy pravahachi aavashyakta aanee mithachya niryatichya panyachya garajancha ullekh kinwa charcha keleli nahee.
aandhra pradesh punarrachana kayada, 2014 madhye namood kelyapramane sandarbhanchya naveen atinvar nirnay ghenyasathi goine cadebludity-2 chaa karyakal 1-8-2014 pasoon done varshanni vadhavala.
aandhra pradesh punarrachana vidheyak, 2014.
sansadene kelelya yaa kayadyantargat, asey vatap yapurvi kele naslyas aanee tutichya pravahat prakalpanihay paanee sodanyasathi karyanvit niyamavali nishchit karnyasathi, prakalpanihay vishisht vatap karnyasathi sandarbh attins keey. doubleu. dii. tii. 2 vadhavanyat aala aahe.
vareel vidheyakat khaleel karyansah simandhra kinwa aandhra pradesh rajyat mukhyalay asalele krishna nadee vyavasthapan mandal dekhil tayar kele aahe.
sumare 7 varshannantar, kendra sarkardware keey. aar. emm. bii. laa adhisuchit kele jaate, aii. pii. neey sarvoch nyayalayat riit yachika dakhal kelyanantar, eka swayatt sanstha mhanoon aanee tyachi prakalpanihay karye olakhali jaatat.
telangana rajyachya maganya.
navyane tayar jhalele telangana rajya heey krishna nadichya khonyatiilaw chauthe nadikathche rajya aahe. kendra sarkarne nyayadhikaranachi karyavahi navyane suru karavi ashee rajyachi ichcha aahe kaaran teey purvichya keey. doubleu. dii. tii. 1 aanee keey. doubleu. dii. tii. 2 nikalanmadhye pakshakar navhate. karnatak aanee maharashtra nyayadhikaranachya navyane suru honanya karyavahila virodh karat aahet aanee nyayadhikaranacha kalavadhi vadhavane heey keval aandhra pradesh aanee telangana rajyanmadhil jaal vivad sodavanyasathi aahe asey sangatat. vistarit keey. doubleu. dii. tii. 2 neey keval telangana aanee aandhra pradesh rajyanmadhyech panyache punarvitaran maryadit thevanyacha nirnay ghetala. byanch kalavadhinantar kendra sarkarne donhi rajyanmadhil krishna nadichya panyachya vatpachya vadavar nyayadhikaran nirnay denyacha nirnay ghetala.
krishna khonyat paanee aayat karane.
krishna khonyat itar nadyankadun paanee aayat karane heey nadipatratil rajyanmadhil konatyahi kararachya anupasthitit keey. doubleu. dii. tii. 1 chya antim kramanusar kalam XIV bii dware niyantrit kele jaate. alikadech aandhra pradeshne krishna tribhuj pradeshatil paanee vaparasathi pattiseema liftchya madatine polavaram ujavya kinanyavaril kalvyatoon godavariche paanee hastantarit karnyas suruvat kelee. telangana rajyahi singur prakalp, manjira prakalp aanee yellampally prakalpanmadhun hyderabad shaharala panipurvatha karnyachya garajesathi godavariche paanee hastantarit aanee vaparat aahe. hyderabad shaharachya garajesathi vaparale jaanare 80 takke godavari paanee punarutpadit paanee mhanoon upalabdh aahe aanee telanganachya krishna khonyatiilaw sinchanasathi, cadebludity-1 chya antim kramanusar kalam VII aaa nusar vaparale jaat aahe. tasech, telangana rajya aaplya krishna khonyatiilaw sinchanachya uddeshane sriram sagar aanee devdula prakalpanmadhun godavariche paanee hastantarit karat aahe. telanganatil pranahita chevella lift sinchan yojana, dumugudem lift sinchan yojana dekhil godavariche atirikt paanee tyachya krishna khonyatiilaw bhagat hastantarit karnyasathi nirmanadhin aahet. karnatak aaplya krishna khonyatiilaw mandavi aanee netravati nadyanche paanee hastantarit karnyasathi prakalpahi bandhat aahe. nadipatrat upalabdh asalelya atirikt panyachya vatpababat todga kadhanyasathi, keey. doubleu. dii. tii. 1 chya antim aadeshachya kalam XIV bii nusar, eka naveen nyayadhikaran sthapan kele jaanar aahe.