
elphinche durdaiv

daad misfortunes auph elphin (1829) haah thomas love morcha 6 vya shatkatil welswar aadharit eka chhota aitihasik pranay aahe, jyamadhye bard talycine, prince elphin epp gwithno aanee seithenin epp sethin aanee king arther yanchya sahasanche varnan kele aahe. morane tyachya kathevar velshchya suruvatichya sahityatun sanshodhan kele, tyapaiki anek tyaa velee anuvadit navhate; tyane bardic kavitanmadhil anek sail anuvad tasech 'dee warr-song auph dinas vavar' sarkhya mool kavitancha samavesh keela. tyane tyat tyachya swatachya kalatil torey vruttivar barech vyangchitrahi kele. "elphin' chee tyachya satatyapurn vinodi vidambanasathi khoop prashansa jhaali aahe aanee kahee samikshakanni tee pranayramya kalatil sarvottam arthurian sahityik krutee manali aahe.
saransh.
6 vya shatkachya suruvatila carrigionver raja gwithno garanhirche rajya hote aanee tyacha adhinastha rajkumar sethanine up sethin samudrapasun carrigionmadhil gweloadchya maidanache sanrakshn karananya tatbandicha prabhari asato. setheninchya adhikadhyanpaiki eka, tethrin up tathralla tatbandi durustichya kharab sthiteet asalyache kalate aanee too raja gwithanocha mulga elphinla sangato. teey ekatra sethaninela shodhatat, joou nehmipramane madyadhund aahe aanee tyala samudra-sanrakshanachya dhokadayak sthitibaddal ishara deto, parantu too vishisht yuktivadansaha tyanchi bheeti fetalun lavto. tyanantar elphin, seitheninchi sunder mulgi, angharadala bhetato aanee teey ekatra eka jordar vadalachi suruvat pahatat, jyamule tatbandi nasht hote aanee samudra futato. cythenine, daruchya nashet asalelya dhadsi vyaktisah, hatat talwar gheuun latanmadhye udee marte, parantu tethrin, elphin aanee angharad raja gwithanochya killyat paloon jaatat. cardiganchya khadikhali tyachya rajyacha sarvottam bhag budalyane gwithno vyathit hoto. elphin anghardashi lagn karato aanee tyane bandhalelya salmon-vearchya utpadanamadhun aapala udarnirvah karnyasathi sthayik hoto. eke divashi tyala yaa jahajat eka baal asalela eka kund aadhalato, jyala too talycin mhanato aanee tyachi swatachi mulgi melangels vadhavato. jasjase talycine mothe hote tasatase too druidismche niyam shikato aanee eka bard banato. gwithanocha mrutyu hoto aanee elphinla qamee jhalelya aanee garib asalelya carrigion rajyachi gadee varshane milate, parantu lavkarach gwynethcha raja melgonne tyache apaharan kele. melgoncha mulga, rune, elphinchya gharee jaato aanee eka strila mohit karato, jichyavar too angharad asalyache vishvas thevato, parantu tee pratyakshat tichi nokar aahe. jyachya premat too aahe asha tyachya palak-bahini melangelachya preranene talycin elphinla mukt karnyasathi nighato. melgonchya darbarat too swatahla elphincha bard mhanoon ghoshit karato, angharadchya sanmanache samarthan karato aanee melgonchya bardsobat kavyatmak spardhet pravesh karato, jyaa darmyan too tyala raja aartharcha hallah aanee plegmule mrutyu yasah vividh aasann vinashambaddal ishara deto. talycin carrigianmadhye parat yete. angharadvar dusra prayatna karanyachi ichcha asalelya runane tyacha pathlag keela, parantu tyala eka guhet odhale jaate aanee praveshdwar seal karnyasathi dagad sodalyavar tyala tethe qaid kele jaate. talycine cair leonmadhye raja artherla shodhanyasathi nighato. tithe jaatana too raja melvanni nuktach tabyat ghetalelya dinas vavar yaa killyavar thambato, jyache lock daroo aanee ganyat tyancha vijay sajra karat aahet; tyanchyamadhye tyala angharadache vadil, seithenin up seithin, jeey anek varshanpurvichya gweloadchya puratoon bachavale hote, teey pahoon too aashcharyachakit hoto. talycine cair leonela pohochato, tyachya bhavyateche kautuk karato, nantar raja aartharche prekshak midvato, joou khrismas anandane sajra karat aahe, jaree tyachi patni gwenyavarache vyakti kinwa adnyat vyaktinni apaharan kele asale taree. too rajala setheninkadun shikalele eka rahasy sangato, qee gwenyavarla melvanni pakadale aahe; nantar too evalenla jaato, jithe gwenyavarla bandivasat thewale jaat aahe, tichya shantatapurn sutkesathi vataghati karnyachya aashene. tethe too punha sethaninela bhetato, aanee tyachyasobat avalenchya mathadhishala bhetato, jeey doghehi tyala madat karnyas tayar hotat. aartharchya krodhala tond denyapeksha swaichhene artherla gwenyavar sodalyane tyala adhik laabh honar aahe, asey heey tighe miloon melvanna patvoon detat. parat cair leone talycine dusarya bardic spardhet bhag gheto. liwark tyache 'hivalyatil tejasweeta', tyache 'safarchand vruksh' aanee tyache 'brittonchi kattal' asey gayache, parantu talycine yogdan, 'hans talycine' chaa eka bhag, sarvottam ghoshit kele jaate. tyanantar sethanine aanee mathadhish pravesh karatat, gwenyavarla tyanchyasobat aanatat aanee teela aartharchya tabyat paratavun teey tyala sangatat qee tichi sutka karnyat talicincha motha vaataa hota. krutadnya raja talycinela vardan deto aanee talycin vinavani karato qee arther elphinla sodanyasathi melgonla aadesh deil. yaa tappyavar melgon swatah tyacha avtar gheto aanee anichhene aartharchya ichchhes adheen hoto. arther elphin, rune aanee melangels itar serve sambandhit pakshanna aananyasathi eka doot pathavato. talisinacha melangelashi vivah aanee brittonchya bardscha pramukh mhanoon jhalelya nivadisah katha sampate.
rachana.
velsh sanskratimadhye morachi utkat ruchi tyane yaa vishayavar kahihi lihinyachya anek varshanpurvi suru jhaali. pudhil kahee varshant aanakhi teen vela parat yeuun, tyane wellscha payee daura keela aanee tyane kadachit "elphinchya durdaivat" deshabaddalchya tyachya nirikshanancha vapar keela. tyachyakade bhashansathi eka bhet hotee aanee tyane velsh shikanyachya dishene pahile paul yaa velee takale asey mhatale jaate. 1820 madhye tyane jaine griffidh yaa velsh mahileshi vivah keela, jine ektar tyala tyaa bhashet shikavale kinwa anyatha tyacha anuvadak mhanoon kaam kele asey manale jaate. nishchitach 'elphin' heey velshchya suruvatichya sahityache dnyan darshavate, jyapaiki kahee tevha ingraji anuvadat upalabdh navhate. tyachya patnine angharad aanee melangelsathi aadarsh mhanoon kaam kele assa vajvi andaj aahe. 1822 madhye too loar haliford, surre gavatil eka gharat rahayala gela aanee yethech 'elphin' lihile gele. tyanni tyanchya kathet 14 kavitancha samavesh karane nivadle, tyapaiki bahutek, itarambarobarach, talycine, miraddin aanee liwark kombadi yanchya sutalelya anuvad kinwa bardic kavitanche rupantar hote, jaree kahee, jase qee "dinasa vavarche yuddhagit", mool rachana hotya. "elphin' heey tyachya 'maid marian' (1822) yaa aadhichya pustakachya saat varshannantar prakashit jhaale. kadachit morachya velechya itar anek magnyanmule, udaharanarth east india hausmadhil purnavel nokri aanee tyacha mitra shelicha karyakari mhanoon kaam karane aanee tyache sanshodhan itake mehanati asalyamule, aanee tyane 1827 chya uttaradhaparyant teey lihayala suruvat kelee nahee assa yuktivad dekhil keela gela aahe. akheris march 1829 madhye 'daad durbhagya auph elphin' prakashit jhaala.
srot.
morane velsh bhashetil paramparik aanee madhyayugeen strotancha vapar tyachya kalat kahisa asamanya hota, jevha velsachya baher, teey samanyatah sahityachya karyat vaparnyasathi ayogya manale jaat hote. jaree too samanyatah tyanchya aatmyaprati kharaa rahila asala taree yaa kathanmadhil alaukik goshtinchi bhoomika qamee karato. elphin" chee varnanatmak rachana teen pracheen kathanvar aadharit aaheh setheninchya nishkaljipanamule gwithanochya rajyacha puur, talicincha janm aanee bhavishyavanya aanee melvasne gwenyavarache apaharan. yapaiki pahilya katha karmarthanchya kalya pustakatil eka kavitet sangitalya aahet, parantu samuel rush meirikchya 'histree andd antiquities auph cardigan' (1806) aanee tii. yaa done ingraji bhashetil strotanmadhyehi morasathi upalabdh hotya. jeey. levelin precardchi kavita 'daad land under daad see' (1824). talycinechi katha 'hans talycin' madhye sangitali aahe. heey 1820 chya dashakat, ektar ingrajimadhye kinwa mool velshmadhye, purn upalabdh navhate, parantu tyacha saransh aanee tukade edward devijchya 'daad mithak andd richts auph daad druids' (1809) aanee itaratra upalabdh hote. arther, gwenyavar aanee melvas yanchya kathechi morachi aavrutti akheris 12 vya shatkatil lattin 'vita gilde' pasoon lancarfanchya caradockne, bahudha joseph ritsonchya 'life auph king arther' (1825) dware ghetali aahe. elphin" madhye vikhuralelya kavitanche bahutek bhag owen johnschya "myvarian archaeology" (1801-1807) madhye prakashit jhalelya mool kavitanmadhun anuvadit kinwa anukaran kelele aahet. velsh trides morr uddhrut kelele tyachya kadambarichya pramukh strotanpaiki eka asalelya 'daad cambro-britton' (1819-1822) navachya niyatkalikat anuvadit upalabdh hote. kerliyanche vistrut varnan richard coult hoarchya 1806 madheel velsachya 'itinerarium cambria' aanee 'discriptio cambria' chya geraldchya anuvadamule barech kahee aahe, parantu itar bhaugolik varnane thomas evancechya 'cambrian pravasacha' aanee kadachit morachya swatachya tyachya velshchya vividh suttyanchya aathvaninvar aadharit aahet.
vinod aanee vinod.
aitihasik pranay honyabarobarach 'daad misfortions auph elphin' haah samkalin torey manovruttinvarcha eka nirantar vyangatmak hallah aahe. gwithno dharan mhanje british sanvidhan, teey durust karanyachi konatihi garaj nasalyache nakarnare seitheninche bhashan, george canning ghatanatmak sudharana nakarnanya vividh bhashananche pratidhvanit karate aanee puur sudharanansathi dabav darshavito kinwa paryayipane french kranti. morr pragatichya aashirvadambaddal asankhya vidambanatmak tippanya dekhil karato aanee evalonchya "bharad, rasal" mathachya chitranat too church auph englandchya atee-aaramdayak padrinvar hallah karato. tyanchya vyangachya itar uddishtanmadhye audhyogikikaran, upayogitavad siddhant, "vastavik rajkaran", pradushan, kagadi paisa, khotee sahityik aavad aanee kavee puraskar vijetepad yancha samavesh aahe. tyachya swatachya kalatil murkhpanavaril heey halle matra, tyachya madhyayugeen patranna yachya ulat aadarsh banavanyasathi morala pravrutt karat naheet. arther tyachya patnichya anupasthitit kamich vyathit hoto, gwenyavar tichyapeksha changla nahee, merlyn eka gupt murtipujak aahe jyachi jaadoo hii keval naisargik tatvadnyan aahe aanee asha manvi kamkuvatpanakade itihasache prerak mhanoon pahile jaate. morasathi, manvi swabhav itihasachya serve kalkhandat agadi samaan prakare apoorn hota.
aadhunik vachkansathi 'elphinchya durdaivache' aakarshan heey mukhyatve olympian vidambaneche sadhya changlya vinodashi asalele asamanya mishran yavar avalambun aahe. yaa parinamache varnan 'sarvoch kramankachi vinodi pratibha' asey kele gele aahe. jeey. buub. prestallyne shailibaddha upkarananche vishleshan kele jeey haah parinam nirman karnyas madat karatatah
yaa kadambaricha vinodi aanee vidambanatmak shodh, 'jagatil sahityatil amar madyavyasani lokanpaiki eka' asalelya seitheninchya patrat, jase david garnetne tyache varnan kele aahe, tyachya utkrushtatene disun yeto. too "eka velsh cylenus, eka maitripurna aanee sulabh prakarcha eka snrakshak aatma" aahe, jyachya sambhashan shailimule, tyachya madyarkyukt valalelya tarkshastramule, tyachi tulana varanvar falstaffshee kelee jaat aahe. too kadachit morache sarvat mothe patra aahe. prestallyne tyachya 'ingraji vinodi patrancha' (1925) sampoorn adhyay sethaninela samarpit keela aanee 'elphin' varr teeka karnyamadhye mukhytah tyachyavar laksh kendrit kele aahe, jaree felix feltonne assa yuktivad keela qee too asha teen patranpaiki eka aahe jyavar kaam kharokhar avalambun aahe, itar patra talycine aanee elphin aahet.
swagat.
daad misakoon auph elphin' chey punaravalokne jawaljawal purnapane kautukaspad hotee. edinberg literary journal" neey, dusarya granthacha aadhava ghet, "elphin" chaa ullekh "eka atishay samajanyajoge pustak" assa keela asel, parantu "sahityik rajpatra" neey tyala "aapan dirghkalapasun vachalelya sarvat manoranjak khandanpaiki eka" asey mhatale aahe. cambrian traimasik masikane" heey "sarvottam naslyas, sarvat manoranjak pustak manale, jeey velsachya pracheen pratha aanee paramparanvar adyap prakashit jhaale nahee". westminstercha aamulagra aadhava, andajanusar, benthamism aanee rajkiy arthvyavasthevar moranchya bajuchya murkhpanapeksha torey bhavananchya upahasane adhik manoranjak hota. naveen masik' madheel eka sankshipt parantu prashansaneey soochanemadhye heey vidamban swiftsarkhech jawaljawal prabhavi asalyache aadhalun aale. ethanium', jaree morachya aadhichya kadambyanpeksha qamee padat asale, taree 'tyaa kalatil lokpriy kadambyanpeksha atishay uchch vargache kaam mhanoon, buddhi, vinod aanee utkrusht varnanancha anand gheu shakananya pratyek vyaktila' tyachi shifaras karata yete. yaa tikatmak stutee asoonahi 'daad durbhagya auph elphin' chee vikri nirashajanak hotee. pahilya aavruttichya pratee 40 varshannantarhi shillak hotya aanee jaree moranchya itar serve kadambya 1837 aanee 1856 madhye punha prakashit jhalya, taree 'elphin' prakashit jhaala nahee.
20vya shatkat samikshakanni morachya 'maid marian' yaa itar aitihasik pranayaivaji 'daad durbhagya auph elphin' laa pradhanya denyas sahmati darshavali aanee anekanni tyala tyachya serve kadambyanpaiki sarvottam manale. yapaiki robbert nye heey hote, jyanni lihile qee teey "morr tyachya samarthyachya shikharavar asalyache darshavate...eka dev eka laat varr, "aanee aaa. martin freeman, jyala vatale qee heey tyachya drushtikonache kadachit sarvat purn vidhan aahe, tyane tyachya yashachya shikharavar morr dakhavale...agadi sahajatene, too tyachya vishayacha aanee ingraji gadyacha parangat hota. bryan bernsney vichar keela qee, "eka katha sanganyacha bhag mhanoon, joou utsavasah hallyacha mell khato, adhikar aanee vaiyaktik swatantryachya sankalpananvar eka vinamra parantu khadatar vaganuk aanee shailichi prashansaneey kamgiri, moranchya urvarit" kamanmadhye "barobari karane katheen aahe."merlyn butler hiney heey" "tyache sarvat uttam katekorpane rajkiy pustak manale-aanee teey mhanje ingrajitil rajkiy upahasanmadhye tyala uchch sthan dene". jeey. buub. prestallyne ghoshit kele qee "ekada vachane mhanje apariharyapane teey punha vachane". dusarikade, carl dossonla asey vatale qee samkalin sandarbhanni heey pustak moranchya samkalin lokanshi sambandhit kele asale taree, nantarchya vachkansathi yaa pustakache dinank nishchit keleh 'elphin' haah eka prakarcha kadambari aahe joou pratyek pidhisathi punha lihawa lagato. aaplya swatachya kalat kadachit tii. etch. pandhyacha 'ekdacha aanee bhavishyatil raja'."
"19 vya shatkatil celtic punarujjivanapasun prerit jhalelya kahee ingraji pratibhavant kalakrutinpaiki 'daad misfortions auph elphin' heey eka asalyache kadhikadhi mhatale jaate. morane tyachya velshchya suruvatichya strotancha tyancha jome, aashcharyakarak bhavna, atishayokti aanee bhasheshi nigadit kalpakata yanchya sandarbhat abhyas keela aanee anukool samikshakanni tyanna "chapalpana aanee krupene" shant kartana tyanchya aatmyala spashtapane jagrut kele asey mhatale aahe. dusarikade pratikool samikshakanni tyachya arthurian kathesathi ingraji kinwa french strotanaivaji velshchya nivadicha upman keela aahe. udaharanarth, james merimanne, tyachya "spashtapane nikrusht darjachya samagri" chya vaparamule, tyala eka "kirkol kaam" manale.
elphin' madhye darshavilelya varnanatmak kaushalyabaddal samikshakanmadhye purn sahmati nahee. bryan bernsney tyachya katha sanganyachya visangati aanee vividhatebaddal lihile aahe...prasanganche antar aanee virodhabhas, jaaga aanee arthvyavastha yanche aayojan aanee vaiyaktik drushyanchi samtol yavar kharee pakad aahe, tarr merlyn butlerne nirnay ghetala qee moranchya serve pustakanpaiki 'elphin' haah sarvat majboot kathanak aahe, parantu tyaulat, 'tyala varnanachi, ghatananchya sthir pragatichi, kruticha sarvottam parinam nirman karnyasathi jyaa prakare aadesh deela jaau shakato tyachi konatihi jaaniv nahee' asey prestallyche mutt hote. tyancha eka aakshep assa hota qee "hii krutee satat ganyandvare rokhali jaate, jyapaiki khoop jaast aahet". samikshak olwain doubleu. yaa "bardic ganyanchya lamb aanee kantalvanya rupantaranni" kathet vyatyay aala heey campabelane manya kele, parantu bryan bernsney, tyachya kalatil itar kirkol kavinsobat samayik kelelya "audaryane unch" moravar aakshep ghet, yaa ganyanni katheteel eka upayukt uddesh sadhya keela asey vatale. elphin' madheel mool kavita anuvad aanee anukarananpeksha shreshth aahet aanee 'dinas vavarche yuddhagit' heey nantar tii. yanni ghetale aanee sweekarle yavar vyapak sahmati aahe. etch. ekdacha aanee bhavishyatil raja' madhye pandhara rung haah tyapaiki sarvottam aahe.