artaxercs III

ochus (очус), jyala tyachya rajvanshatil navane artaxerxis III (;) mhanoon olakhale jaate, too ii. sha. puu. 338 paryant achemanid samrajyachya rajancha raja hota. too artaxercs dusra yacha mulga aanee uttaradhikari hota aanee tyachi aaee statira hotee.
sinhasanavar basnyapurvi arthaxers haah eka kshatrap aanee tyachya vadilanchya sainyacha senapati hota. tyachya eka bhawala fashi dilyanantar artaxarcsus sattevar aala, dusaryane aatmahatya kelee, shevatchya bhavachi hatya jhaali aanee tyache vadil artaxarcsus dusra yanche nidhan jhaale. raja banalyanantar lagechach, raja mhanoon aapale sthan surakshit thevanyasathi arthaxersney serve rajgharanyachi hatya kelee. tyane ijiptaviruddha done mothya mohima suru kelya. pahili moheem ayashasvi jhaali aanee tyanantar tyachya samrajyachya paschim bhagat bandkhori jhaali. kadachit kalat, artaxerxisne shevati egyptcha raja nectanebo dusra yala parabhoot kele, jyamule sahaa dashakannantar desh pertian gatat parat aala.
artaxerxchya nantarchya varshant, greesmadhye massedonchi satta phillip dusra vadhat hota, jithe tyane greekanna achemanid samrajyachya virodhat bund karnyasathi patvoon denyacha prayatna keela. tyachya kriyakalapanna artaxerxscha virodh hota aanee tyachya pathimbyane perinthus shaharane macedonian vedha virodh keela.
tyachya nantarchya aayushyat percepolis yethe nutanikaran kelelya bandhkam dhoranacha purava aahe, jithe artaxerxsney eka naveen rajwada ubharala aanee swatachi kabar bandhali aanee apoorn darvajasarkhe dirghakalin prakalp suru kele.
vyutpatti.
"" "haah greek" "artaxerxis" "(αρταxερχες) chaa lattin prakar aahe, joou swatach junya pertian" "artaxasa" "(jyache rajya satyachya madhyamatoon aahe) pasoon aahe". yala itar bhashanmadhye; elamite "iir-taka-iqa-saa-iss-saa", "iir-daa-iqa-saa-iss-saa"; akkadian "arr-taa-Â-Â-Â-Â-iss-suu"; madhya pertian aanee naveen pertian "ardasir" mhanoon olakhale jaate. tyache vaiyaktik naav "ochas" (greekah; babylonianh <unk>) hote.
parshvabhoomi.
ochas haah artaxercs dusra aanee tyachi patni statira yancha vaidh mulga hota. tyala done mothe purn-bhau hote, ariaspace aanee darius (sarvat motha). upapatni matanchya potee tyala anek bekaydeshir bhauhi janmale, jyanchi sankhya kadachit shatkatil roman lekhak justinechi 115 itaki hotee. serve mulanpaiki, darius haah samrajyacha varas mhanoon niyukt karnyat aala hota, asha prakare tyala saral mukut ghalanyacha shahee visheshadhikar midala. tathapi, artaxercs dusra yachya pradirgh karkirdine, joou aadhich 50 varshanhun adhik vayacha hota, tyala nirash kele. majee kshatrap tiribajas yane usalalelya tyane, tyacha uttaradhikari honyasathi tyachya vadilanviruddha cutt rachanyas suruvat kelee. justinechya mhananyanusar, tyachya pannas bekaydeshir bhavansah tyala anek darbari lokancha pathimba milel ashee deriusla apeksha hotee. eka napunsakane cutt shodhun kadhala aanee parinami deriusla nyayalayat bolavanyat aale aanee 'serve katkaryanchya patni aanee mulansah' (justine) tyala fashi denyat aalee. tyanantar varshacha adhikar eriyaspeskade gela. tathapi, ochasane kahee napunsakanchya pathimbyane, tyachya vaidh bhawala ariaspace veda karoon aatmahatya karnyas pravrutt karnyasathi anek yuktya aanee aaropanchi malika tayar kelee. ochus aavadat nasalelya artaxerxis dusra yane tyachya aavadatya bekaydeshir mulachya arsemschee naveen yuvraj mhanoon niyukti kelee. tathapi, lavkarach ochusachya preranene tyala arpetsney thaar marle. tyanantar akheris okusachi yuvraj mhanoon niyukti karnyat aalee, tyanantar thodyach velat artaxarcsus maran pavala.
artbazscha bund.
tyachya rajyabhishekaveli (jeey november 359 teey march 358 ii. sha. puu. darmyan ghadale), artaxerxis tisra yane magani kelee qee paschim anatoliatil serve kshatrapanni tyanche bhadotri sainya barkhast karave. shaktishali kshatrapanchi shakti qamee karnyasathi aanee mukutchi shakti majboot karnyasathi heey kele gele. kharey tarr, artaxarcsus tisarachya vadilanchya netrutvakhali, kshatrap detamesne tyachya bhadotri sainikanchya madatine qamee-adhik pramanat swatantra rajyavar rajya kele hote, tarr purvi achemanid rajkumar cyrus daad yangane tyachya bhadotri sainikanchya madatine artuxercs dusra padnyat jawaljawal yash midavale hote. serve kshatrapanni tyachya aadeshache palan kele aanee tyanchya bhadotri sainikanna barkhast kele. nantar ii. sha. puu. 356 madhye, artaxerxis tisra yane artabazes dusra yala hellspontin frigiachya tyachya satrapimadhun kadhoon taknyacha prayatna keela, jyacha parinam nantarchya bandkhoranmadhye jhaala. hote artaxerxchee baheen asalelya tyachya aaee apamachya madhyamatoon tyachya shahee raktane kadachit kadachit vyaktila tyachyabaddal satark kele asave. artabazsche done bhau auxithers aahet aanee dibicts dekhil tyachyasobat sameel jhalyache sangitale jaate, jeey soochit karate qee artaxarcsus tisra sampoorn kutumbala lakshya karat hota.
artaxercs tisra yane bund dadapanyasathi tethroustes, autophredates aanee mossolus yaa anatoliatil itar kshatrapanna pathavale. artbazes patkan ethanian lashkari commander cheresasobat sainyat sameel jhaala, jyane tyachya barkhast jhalelya bhadotri tukadicha bahutansh bhag hastagat keela hota. tyanni ekatra ii. sha. puu. 355 madhye kshatrapanna parabhoot kele aanee pradeshachi lootmar karoon adhik kholvar frigiyat kooch kele. artaxerxis III neey yuddhachya dhokyamule artabazesla pathimba dene thambavanyasathi ethansvar twarit dabav aanala. artbazesla nantar thebian general pammensmadhye eka naveen mitra sapadala, jyane tyala ii. sha. puu. 354 madhye 5,000 sainikancha puravatha keela. achemanid sainyavar aanakhi parabhav karnyat aale, parantu artabazes lavkarach pammenshi bhidala aanee tyala atak kelee. ii. sha. puu. 1 madhye tyane aapale bund thambavale aanee macedoniala paloon gela, jithe tyacha raja phillip dusra yane tyacha changla swagat keela.
pahili egyptian moheem (ii. sha. puu. 351).
ii. sha. puu. 351 chya sumaras, artaxarksne egypt parat midvinyasathi moheem suru kelee, jyane tyache vadil artaxercs II yanchya netrutvakhali bund kele hote. tyach velee ashiya minormadhye bandkhori jhaali hotee, jyala theebscha pathimba midalyane gambhir honyacha dhoka hota. eka vishal sainya tainat karoon, artaxarcsus egyptmadhye gela aanee nectanebo nectanebo ladhala. egyptchya faroshi ladhanyachya eka varshanantar, nectanebone greek senapatinchya netrutvakhalil bhadotri sainikanchya pathimbyane pertian lokancha darun parabhav kelah ethanian diophants aanee sparton lamius. artaxerxsla mage hatane aanee egyptvar punha vijay midvanyachya tyachya yojana pudhe dhakalane bhag padale.
cyprus aanee cydonche bund.
yaa egyptian parabhavanantar lagechach, phoenicia, anatolia aanee sayprasne pertian rajvatipasun tyanche swatantrya ghoshit kele. ii. sha. puu. 343 madhye, artaxerxsney cyprian bandkhoranchya dadapshahichi jababdari idrius, carriacha rajkumar, jyala 8000 greek bhadotri sainik aanee chalis trirems, phosion daad ethanianchya netrutvakhali, aanee ivagoras, jyeshth ivagorasacha mulga, cypriot samrat, yanna dilee. idrius cyprus qamee karnyat yashasvi jhaala.
belesi aanee maziuschi sidon moheem.
artaxerxisne syriachya belesisachya kshatrap aanee siliciachya satrap, maziusla shaharavar aakraman karnyasathi aanee finiciansla niyantranat thevanyasathi aadesh deuun sidonviruddha prati-hallah suru keela. donhi kshatrapanna tennes yaa bajulacha raja yachyakadun darun parabhav sahan karava lagla, jyala nectanebo dusra yane pathavalelya aanee roadschya margdarshakachya netrutvakhalil 4,000 greek bhadotri sainikanni madat kelee. parinami, pertian sainya finiciatoon baher kadhanyat aale.
artaxerxchee sydon moheem.
yanantar, artaxarksne swatah 330,000 sainikanchya sainyache netrutva kele. artaxerxchya sainyat 300,000 padatik sainik, 30,000 ghodadal, 300 trirems aanee 500 vahtook kinwa puravathadar jahaje hotee. heey sainya gola kelyanantar tyane greek lokanchi madat magitali. ethans aanee spartane madat nakarli asali taree, lacretschya khalee eka hazar theban judd-sashastr hoplights, nicostrateschya khalee teen hazar argives aanee anatoliachya greek shaharanmadhun sahaa hazar aolian, ionian aanee dorian midvanyat too yashasvi jhaala. haah greek aadhar sankhyatmakdrushtya lahan hota, jyachi sankhya 10,000 peksha jaast navhati, parantu nantar tyachyakade gelelya egyptmadhil greek bhadotri sainikansah, jyaa sainyavar tyane aapala mukhya avalamb thewala aanee jyaa sainyavar tyachya mohimeche antim yash pramukhyane dey hote, teey miloon teey tayar jhaale.
artaxerxchya drushtikonatun tenesacha sankalp puresa kamkuvat jhaala qee tyane sidenche 100 pramukh nagrik pertian rajachya haatee deuun aanee nantar shaharachya sanrakshanat artaxercs swikaroon swatachi kshama ghenyacha prayatna keela. artaxarksne 100 nagarikanna bhala chadhavale aanee jevha aanakhi 500 jann tyachi dayaa magnyasathi vinavani karnyasathi baher aale, tevha artaxarksne tyanna tyach nashibat pathavale. tyanantar ektar artaxercs kinwa sidonian nagarikanni sidonla jaminivar jaalale. yaa aagit chalis hazar lock maran pavale. artaxarksne heey avashesh sattebajanna mothya kimmatila vikale, jyanni rakhanmadhun baher kadhanyachi aasha asalelya khajinyandware swatahla paratfed karnyacha hishob keela. tensla nantar artaxarksne thaar marle. artaxarksne nantar bandala pathimba pathimba jyoo lokanna caspian samudrachya dakshin dakshin hirkaniyamadhye pathavale.
egyptvar vijay.
bahudha ii. sha. puu. 340 kinwa 339 madhye artaxarcsus shevati egypt jinkanyat yashasvi jhaala. anek varshanchya vyapak aanee katekor tayarinantar, rajane eka mothya yajmanala ekatra kele aanee tyache pratyaksh netrutva kele, jyat theebs, argos, ashiya minor yetheel greek bhadotri sainik aanee roadschya bhadotri margdarshakanchya netrutvakhalil, tasech yuddhanauka aanee anek vahtook jahaje yancha samavesh hota. jaree artaxerxischya sainyachi sankhya tyachya egyptian samkaksh nectanebo II peksha lakshaniy jaast asali, taree gazachya dakshinekadil koradya jaminitun aanee varchya egypsmadhil anek nadyanmadhun kooch karnyatil adchan ajunahi samore aalee, aadhichya aakramananpramanech, eka aavhan, jeey diodorus seculuschya matey, pertian lokanni sthanik margdarshakancha vapar karnyas nakar dilyane aanakhi guntale hote. aakramanachi suruvat kharab jhaali, kaaran barathra yethe artaxarxisne kahee sainya valumule gamavale aanee tyachya theban sainyane pellucium tabyat ghenyachya prayatnala chhavanine yashasviritya pratyuttar dile.
artaxerxsney nantar shock sainyache teen vibhag tayar kele, jyat pratyeki eka greek commander aanee eka pertian paryavekshak hota, tarr swatah rakheev sainyachya adhipatyakhali rahila. eka tukadi, jyala tyane theban, ghodadal aanee ashiyai payadal dall niyukt kele, pellucium ghenyache kaam sopavanyat aale hote, tarr dusare, roads aanee napunsak bagoaaschya margdarshakachya netrutvakhali, bubastischya virodhat pathvanyat aale hote. hote vibhagat, jyat argive, kahee anirdisht abhijat sainya aanee 80 trirems yancha samavesh hota, too nailchya viruddha viruddha eka pool ubharayacha hota. argivies hatavanyacha prayatna ayashasvi jhalyanantar, nectanebo memphisla mage hutla, jyamule peluciumchya vedhalelya chhavanila sharanagati patkaravi lagali. bubastisne dekhil aatmasamarpan kele, kaaran garrisonmadhil greek bhadotri sainikanni egyptian lokanshi matbhed jhalyanantar persiananshi karar keela. yanantar sharanagatinchi laat aalee, jyamule artaxerxchya tafyasathi nail ughadale aanee nectaneboche munn dukhavale aanee tyane aapala desh sodala.
egyptian lokanvaril yaa vijayanantar, arthaxersney shaharachya bhinti uddhvast kelya, dahashatiche rajya suru kele aanee serve mandire lutanyas suruvat kelee. yaa lootmaritun pertiala lakshaniy sampatti midali. artaxerxsney dekhil uchch curr vadhavale aanee egyptala itake kamkuvat karnyacha prayatna keela qee teey parshiyaviruddha kadhihi bund karoo shakale nahee. pertiane egyptvar niyantran thevalelya 10 varshanparyant, mool dharmavar vishvas vishvas atyachar kele gele aanee pavitra pustake chorali gelee. pertiala paratanyapurvi tyane ferenderes yanchi egyptcha kshatrap mhanoon niyukti kelee. tyachya punha egyptvar vijay midavalyamule midavalelya sampattimule, arthaxers tyachya bhadotri sainikanna bharpur bakshis deu shakala. egyptvaril aakraman yashasviritya purn kelyanantar too aaplya rajdhanit paratala.
nantarchi varshe.
egyptmadhil yashanantar, artaxarcsus pertiala paratala aanee pudhil kahee varshe samrajyachya vividh bhagantil uthavanna prabhavipane shant karnyat ghalavali jenekarun tyane egyptvar vijay midvalyanantar kahee varshanni pertian samrajya tyachya niyantranakhali hote. alekzandar daad gretney egyptvar vijay midvat nahee toparyant egypt haah pertian samrajyacha eka bhag rahila.
egyptvar vijay midvalyanantar, artaxercs viruddha yapudhe konatehi bund kinwa bund jhaale naheet. egyptchya mohimet swatahla sarvat jaast vegale tharvanare done senapati roads aanee bagos yanche margdarshak, sarvoch mahattvachya padanvar pudhe gele. sampoorn ashiyai ashiyai rajyapal asalela margdarshak, alikadchya sankatandarmyan pertian rajvativiruddha bund kaam anek pramukhanna adheen karnyat yashasvi jhaala. kahee varshanchya kalavadhit margdarshak aanee tyachya sainyane sampoorn ashiyai bhoomadhya samudrakinara purnapane adhinata aanee avalambitvat aananyat yash midavale.
bagos artaxercs pertian rajdhanit parat gela, jithe tyane samrajyachya antargat prashasanat pramukh bhoomika bajavali aanee urvarit samrajyamadhye shantata rakhali. artaxercs III chya karkirdichya shevatchya sahaa varshant, pertian samrajyavar eka jordar aanee yashasvi sarkar chalvat hote.
ionia aanee lysiamadhil pertian sainyane aegean aanee bhoomadhya samudravar punha niyantran midavale aanee ethanschya purvichya bett samrajyacha barachsa bhag tabyat ghetala. tyala pratisad mhanoon, ethanschya samvasti sadasyanni 'berber lokanviruddha dharmayuddha' karnyache aavahan karnari bhashane denyas suruvat kelee, parantu tyachya aavahanala uttar denyasathi konatyahi greek shahar-rajyanmadhye purese samarthya shillak navhate.
jaree pertian samrajyatach konatehi bund jhaale nasale taree massedonmadhil massedonchya phillip II chya vadhatya samarthyane aanee pradeshane (jyachya virodhat demosthenes ethanian lokanna vyarth ishara dett hota) artaxerxche laksh vedhoon ghetale. tyala pratisad mhanoon, tyane aadesh deela qee pertian prabhavacha vapar macedonian rajyachi vadhati shakti aanee prabhav rokhanyasathi aanee pratibandhit karnyasathi keela jaava. ii. sha. puu. 340 madhye, thracian rajkumar, sersobliptesla tyache swatantrya tikavoon thevanyasathi madat karnyasathi eka pertian sainya pathvanyat aale. perinthus shaharala pureshi prabhavi madat denyat aalee qee philipane jyaa asankhya aanee suniyukt sainyane shaharala vedha ghalanyas suruvat kelee hotee, tyala haah prayatna sodanyas bhag padale gele. artaxerxchya rajvatichya shevatchya varshaparyant, phillip dusra yachyakade pertian samrajyavar aakraman karnyachya yojana aadhich hotya, jyamule tyachya karkirdila mukut padel, parantu greek tyachyabarobar ekatra yenar naheet.
ii. sha. puu. 338 chya augustchya uttaradhat/septemberchya uttaradhat, darbaratil napunsak aanee chilliark ("hazaharapatish") bagoasne artaxarcsus III chya vishbadha aanee tyanantarchya mrutyuche niyojan tyachya swatachya doctordware kele. artaxercs tisaracha lavkar mrutyu haah parshiyasathi eka samasyapradhan muddah asalyache siddha jhaale aanee desh kamkuvat karnyat tyachi bhoomika asoo shakate. arces aanee bisthness vagalata artaxarcsus tisarachya bahutansh mulanchihi bagovanni hatya kelee. raja banvinara mhanoon kaam kaam bagoasne tarun dhanurbandh (artaxerxis IV) sinhasanavar basavale.
varsa.
aitihasikdrushtya, achemanid samrajyache raje parsiche anuyayi hote kinwa parasi vichardharecha tyanchyavar motha prabhav hota. arthaxers dusra yachya karkirdit anahit aanee mitrachya panthache punarujjivan jhaale, jevha tyane tyachya bandhkam shilalekhanmadhye ahura majda, anahit aanee mitra yancha ullekh keela aanee tyachya devanchya moorti dekhil ubharalya. toparyant mitra aanee anahitakade anahitakade parasi lokanni durlaksh kele hote-tyanni parsichya yaa aadnyela nakar deela qee devache pratinidhitva keval pavitra agnichya jwalanni karayache aahe. artaxercs III neey anahitala nakarle aanee keval ahuramzada aanee mitrachi pooja kelee asey manale jaate. percepolis yetheel artaxerxis III chya shilalekhachya cuniform lipitil sandigdhata asey soochit karate qee too vadil aanee mulala eka vyakti manat asey, asey suchavate qee ahuramzadache gunadharm mitrakade hastantarit kele jaat hote. vichitra mhanje, artaxerxsney aadesh deela hota qee babylon, damascus aanee saradi tasech susa, ekbatana aanee percepolis yethe anahita devichya moorti ubharalya javyat.
artaxerxsche naav too egyptmadhye asatana jaaree kelelya chandichya nanyanvar (ethanian nanyanchya namunyavar) disate. yachya ulat egyptian lipit 'arthaxers pharoo' asey lihilele shilalekh aahet. jeevan, samruddhi, sampatti.
sahityat.
kahinna asey vatate qee "judithche pustak" heey moolatah finiciamadhil artaxerxchya mohimevar aadharit asoo shakate, kaaran holoferns heey artaxerxische samant asalelya capadotian satrap ariatheschya bhavache naav hote. holoferns mrut aadhalanara senapati bagos haah finicia aanee ijiptaviruddhachya mohimedarmyan artaxerxchya senapatinpaiki eka hota.
bandhkam.
percepolis yethe nutanikaran kelelya bandhkam dhoranache purave aahet, parantu tyachya mrutyuchya velee kahee imarati apoorn hotya. percepolis yetheel tyachya done imarati battis stambhanche sabhagruh hote, jyacha uddesh adnyat aahe aanee artaxerxis tisaracha rajwada hota. serve rashtranche praveshdwar aanee shambhar stambh sabhagruh yanna jodanara apoorn lashkari marg aanee apoorn dwar, yamule puratatvashastradnyan persepolischya bandhkamachi antardrushti midali. ii. sha. puu. 341 madhye, artaxarcsus egyptahoon babylonela paratalyanantar, tyane eka mothe apadana bandhanyas suruvat kelee, jyache varnan diodorus seculuschya karyat aahe.
arthaxers tisra yachya karkirdit babylonemadhil nebuchadnessar dusra rajvadyacha vistar karnyat aala. artaxerxchee kabar tyachya vadilanchya thadgyachya shejari asalelya persepolischya manchachya mage dongarat kapali gelee.
kutumb.
artaxercs tisra haah artaxercs dusra aanee statira yancha mulga hota. artaxercs dusra yala anek patninchya 115 hoon adhik mulge hote, tyapaiki bahutek matra bekaydeshir hote. ochusachya kahee adhik mahattvapoorn bhavandanmadhye rodogune, apama, cisigambis, ocha, darius aanee ariaspace heey hote, jyapaiki bahutekanchi tyachya aarohananantar lagechach hatya karnyat aalee.
tyanchi mule ashee hotih
etosa dware.
eka adnyat patnikadoonah 
tyanehi lagn keleh

