lasik

lasik kinwa lasik ('lesar-assisted inn situ keratomiliusis'), jyala samanyatah lesar netra shastrakriya kinwa lesar drushti sudharana mhanoon sambodhale jaate, hii eka prakarchi apavartak shastrakriya aahe jee myopia, hyperopiachya sudharanansathi aanee drushtivaishamyavar pratyaksh upchar karnyasathi aahe, kaaran tee parpatlya madhye aahe. lassic shastrakriya netratadnyadvare kelee jaate, joou dolhyachya parpatalacha aakar badalanyasathi lesar kinwa microkeratomcha vapar karoon drushtichi tikshnata sudharato. bahutek lokansathi, lassic heey chashma kinwa contact lensasathi dirghakalin paryay pradan karate.
lasik hii photorephractive keratectomy (pii. aar. keey.) aanee lasek yaa aanakhi eka shastrakriyechya sudharatmak prakriyeshi khoop samya aahe. heey serve drushtichya apavartak trutinchya shastrakriyetil upcharanmadhye radial keratotomivaril pragati darshavtat. madhyam teey uchch netrahinata kinwa patal parpatla asalelya rugnansathi, jyanchyavar lassic aanee pii. aar. keey. neey upchar kele jaau shakat naheet, facic intraocular lains haah eka paryay aahe. 
2018 paryant, andaje 9.5 laakh americananna lasik jhaala aahe aanee jaagtik staravar, 1991 teey 2016 darmyan, 4 kotihoon adhik prakriya karnyat aalya. tathapi, 2015 paryant hii prakriya qamee hott chalalela paryay asalyache disun aale.
prakriya.
lasik sarkhya parpatalachya punarnirdharan tantrache niyojan aanee vishleshan american national standards institutene pramanit kele aahe, joou drushtivaishamya vishleshanachya alpin paddhativar aadharit eka drushtikon aahe.
lasikvaril eff. dii. aii. chya sanketsthalavar mhatale aahe,
yaa prakriyet dolhyavar eka patal flap tayar karane, lesardware khalchya uutinche punarnirmiti karane aanee flapchi jaaga badalane saksham karnyasathi teey dumadane samavisht aahe.
shastrakriyepurvichya prakriya.
contact lains.
soft contact lains ghatalelya rugnanna shastrakriyechya 5 teey 21 divas aadhi tee ghalane bund karnyachya soochana dilya jaatat. eka udyog sanstha shifaras karate qee haard contact lains ghatalelya rugnanni teey kiman sahaa aathvade aanee darr teen varshanni aanakhi sahaa aathvade ghalane bund karave.
parpatalachi raktavahinya vahinya asatat kaaran tee samanyapane karya karnyasathi pardarshak asane aavashyak asate. tyachya peshi ashru patalatoon auxigen shoshun ghetat. asha prakare, qamee-auxigen-pargamya contact lensamule parpatalache auxigen shoshan qamee hote, parinami kadhikadhi parpatalache neovascularization hote-parpatalachya raktavahinyanchi vaadh. yamule jaast raktastrav jhalyamule, jaljalicha kalavadhi aanee barey honyacha vel thoda vadhato aanee shastrakriyedarmyan kahee vedna hotat.
jaree kahee contact lains (visheshtah aadhunik aar. jee. pii. aanee mauu silicon hydrogel lains) adhik auxigen pargamyata asalelya samgripasoon tayar kele gele asale, jeey parpatalachya neovascularization dhoka qamee karnyas madat karatat, taree lassiccha vichar tulana rugnanna tyanche contact lains jaast pramanat ghalane talhanyacha ishara deela jaato.
purv-shastrakriyechi pariksha aanee shikshan.
americet, eff. dii. aii. neey 18 kinwa 22 varshe aanee tyahoon adhik vayachya mulansathi lasikala manyata dilee aahe kaaran drushti sthir karavi lagate. sarvat mahattvache mhanje rugnacha dolhyancha prescription shastrakriyepurvi kiman eka varsh sthir asava.
prakriyepoorvi dilelya shikshanasah aanee pupillary dialations rugnachi tapasani kelee jaau shakate. shastrakriyepurvi, rugnachya parpatalachi tyanchi jaadi nishchit karnyasathi pacimeterne aanee tyanchya prushthbhagachya bahyareshache mojmap karnyasathi topographer kinwa parpatalichya sthalakruti yantrane tapasani kelee jaate. qamee shaktichya lesarcha vapar karoon, topographer parpatalacha topographic nakasha tayar karato. jarr topographerla keratokonsasarkhya adachani aadhalalya tarr prakriya viruddhachinhit aahe, purvatayari prakriyedvare drushtivaishamya aanee parpatalachya aakaratil itar aniyamitata dekhil shodhalya jaatat. hii mahitee vaparoon, shalyachikitsak parpatalachya uutinche praman aanee sthan mojato. rugnala lihoon dile jaate aanee prakriyenantar sansargacha dhoka qamee karnyasathi aadhipasoon pratijaivik swayam-prashasit kele jaate aanee kadhikadhi purv-aushadh mhanoon eka alpakalin maukhik shamak aushadh dile jaate. prakriyepoorvi, dolhyanchya bhoolane kadhalele themb otale jaatat. kahee rugnansathi lasik nakaru udbhavu ghatakanmadhye mothya putalya, patal parpatla aanee atyant korade dolhe yancha samavesh hoto.
operative prakriya.
flap nirmiti.
dolhyala dharoon dolhyavar mauu parpatla shoshak ring lavali jaate. prakriyetil yaa tappyamule kadhikadhi lahan raktavahinya phutu shakatat, parinami dolhyachya dolhyachya (sclera) bhagat raktastrav kinwa subconjectival raktasrav hoto, haah eka nirupadravi dushparinam aahe joou anek aathvadyant door hoto. vadhiv shoshanyamule upchar kelelya dolhyatil drushti tatpurati mand hote. ekada dolha sthir jhaala qee, parpatalicha upakala aanee dhanurvatacha thurr kapoon eka flap tayar keela jaato. hii prakriya dhatuchya bladecha vapar karoon yantrik microkeratomdware kinwa famatosekand lesardware sadhya kelee jaate, jyamule parpatalachya aat jawalun mandanyat aalelya lahan budbudyanchi malika tayar hote. yaa flapchya eka tokala eka kaaj urala aahe. pattyala mage dumadale jaate, jyamule parpatalachya madhyabhagatil stroma ughad hoto. flap uchalanyachi aanee parat dumadanyachi prakriya kadhikadhi aswasth houu shakate.
lesarche nutanikaran.
prakriyechi dusari payari parpatliy stromache nutanikaran karnyasathi excimer lesar (193 nm) vaparte. lesar shejarchya stromala haanee naan pohochavata sookshmapane niyantrit paddhatine uutinche bashpikaran karate. ootee qamee karnyasathi ushnatesah jalane kinwa pratyaksh kapanichi aavashyakta nasate. kadhoon takalelya uutinche thurr daha micrometer jaad asatat.
sakhol parpatliy stromamadhe lesar ablation kelyane purvichya tantrapeksha, photorephractive keratectomy (pii. aar. keey.) peksha adhik jalad drushya punarprapti aanee qamee vedna hotat.
kinwa tappyadarmyan, ekada flap uchalalyanantar rugnachi drushti aspasht hote. teey lesarchya naringi prakashachya bhovati keval pandhara prakash pahoo shaktil, jyamule saumya dishabhul houu shakate.
excimer lesar dolhyancha magova ghenari pranali vaparte jee rugnachya dolhyachya sthitiche prati sekand 4,000 vela anusaran karate, upchar kshetrat achook sthanasathi lesar spandane punarnirdeshit karate. vishisht daali 10 teey 20 nanosecondanmadhye sumare 1 millijul (emm. jeey.) naadee urja asatat.
flapchi punarsthapana.
lesarne stromal tharala aakar dilyanantar, shalyachikitsakadvare upchar kshetravar lassic flap kaljipurvak punarsthit keela jaato aanee haveche budbude, avashesh aanee dolhyavar yogyaritya basanyachi upasthiti tapasali jaate. barey hone purn hoiparyant flap naisargik sanlagnatedware sthiteet rahate.
shastrakriyenantarchi kalji.
rugnanna sahasa pratijaivik aanee dahak virodhi dolhyanchya thembancha abhyaskram deela jaato. heey shastrakriyenantarchya aathvadyanmadhye suru rahatat. rugnanna vishranti ghenyas sangitale jaate aanee tyanchya dolhyanche chamakdar divyanpasun sanrakshn karnyasathi gadad chashma deela jaato aanee zopatana dolhe ghasoon rokhanyasathi aanee korade dolhe qamee karnyasathi adhunmadhun snrakshak chashma deela jaato. tyanni snrakshak-mukt ashrunni dolhyanna olsar karane aanee aushadhanchya thembansathichya soochananche palan karane dekhil aavashyak aahe. kadhikadhi yaa prakriyenantar barey honyas madat karnyasathi patticha sampark lains thewala jaato aanee samanyatah 3 teey 4 divasannantar kadhoon takala jaato. guntagunticha dhoka qamee karnyasathi shastrakriya kelyanantarchya yogya dekhbhaliche mahatva tyanchya shalyachikitsakanni rugnanna pureshi mahitee dilee pahije.
wavefront-margdarshit.
wavefront-margdarshit lasik haah lasik shastrakriyecha eka prakar aahe, jyamadhye keval lamb/alpadrushti aanee drushtivaishamya (paramparik lasikpramane keval khalchya kramache vichalan) yancha sadha sudhar lagoo karnyaivaji, netratadnya tarangmukh sanvedkadvare mojmap karoon sanganak-niyantrit excimer lesarla margadarshan karoon, sthanikaritya badalatya durusticha vapar karato. drushtidrushtya adhik paripoorn dolha prapt karane heey uddisht aahe, jaree upcharadarmyan lasikmule badalancha andaj lavnyat aanee parpatalachya niyamitateshi/aniyamitateshi aanee konatyahi avashisht drushtivaishamya akshanshi sambandhit asalelya itar ghatkanvar parinam ajunahi doctoranchya yashavar avalambun asato. excimer lesar 3 parimananmadhye dolhyachi sthitee yogyaritya nondavu shakato qee nahee aanee dolhyachya halchalinchya serve sambhavya dishanmadhye dolhyacha magova gheu shakato qee nahee haah aanakhi eka mahattvacha ghatak aahe. jarr wavefront margdarshit upchar paripoorn nondani aanee magova ghenyapeksha qamee karoon kele gele tarr aadhipasoon astitvat asalele vichalan adhik bighadu shakate. vruddha rugnanmadhye, sookshm kananpasoon (motibindu kinwa prarambhik motibindu) vikhuraleli eka bhoomika bajavu shakate jee tarangmukh sudharanechya konatyahi fayadhyapeksha jaast aahe.
aadhipasoon asalelya drushtivaishamya asalelya rugnavar upchar kartana, bahutek tarangmukh-margdarshit lessic lesar heey bahya drushtikonatun parpatalichya bhaugoliktedware nirdharit kelyapramane niyamit drushtivaishamyavar upchar karnyasathi tayar kele jaatat. jyaa rugnanmadhye antargat prerit drushtivaishamya ghatak aahe, tyamule, tarangmukh-nirdeshit drushtivaishamya sudharana niyamit drushtivaishamya mage sodu shakate (eka cross-cylinder prabhav). jarr rugnala aadhipasoon aniyamit drushtivaishamya asel, tarr tarangmukh-margdarshit drushtikon niyamit aanee aniyamit drushtivaishamya donhi mage sodu shakatat. 2008 chya abhyasat darshavilyapramane, vector niyojanasah ektrit kelelya wavefront-margdarshit drushtikonachya tulanet yamule drushya tikshnata qamee-ishtatam houu shakate. asha prakare, vahak-niyojan parpataliche drushtivaishamya aanee lesar upchar yanchyat adhik changle sanrekhan pradan karate aanee parpatalivar qamee niyamit drushtivaishamya mage sodate, jeey aniyamit drushtivaishamya sahastitvat asso kinwa naso, heey fayadeshir aahe.
purnapane prushthbhag-margdarshit lesar sudharanantar "uralelya" drushtivaishamyala aadhich mojale jaau shakate aanee tyala netra avashisht drushtivaishamya (orah) mhanatat. orah hii naun-corneal prushthbhagamule (antargat) drushtikiyatemule lasikmule drushtivaishamyamule honari ganana aahe. wavefront vishleshanadvare darshavilela purnapane apavartan-aadharit drushtikon pratyakshat anek varshanpasun vikasit jhalelya parpatalachya shastrakriyechya anubhavashi sangharsh karato.
asha prakare 'atidrushtichya' margasathi samanyatah prayatna kelyapeksha parpatli drushtivaishamyasathi adhik sanukoolit drushtikonachi aavashyakta asoo shakate aanee urvarit konatihi drushtivaishamya niyamit (aniyamit honyachya viruddha) asali pahije, jee donhi vector niyojanachi moolbhut tattve aahet, jyanchyakade purnapane wavefront-margdarshit upchar yojnedware durlaksh kele jaate. varr namood kelelya 2008 chya abhyasadvare yachee pushti jhaali, jyat keval wavefront tantradnyanacha vapar karnyapeksha vector vishleshanasah ektrit kelelya wavefront tantradnyanacha vapar karoon mesopic paristhitit parpatalichi drushtivaishamya aanee changle drushya parinam adhik qamee jhalyache aadhalale aanee samatulya uchch-kramatil vichalan dekhil aadhalale (khalee pahaa). keratoconus asalelya rugnanmadhye vahak niyojan dekhil fayadeshir tharale.
laharichya samoril margdarshanacha vapar tulana lasik prakriyechya takkevarichi viruddha nasalelya takkevarichi tulana karnari konatihi changli mahitee aadhalu shakat nahee, kinwa jyaa apavartak shalyachikitsakanchi eka kinwa kinwa margane pradhanyata aahe tyanchya takkevarichi tulana karoo shakat nahee. wavefront tantradnyan heey lasikmadhye sambhavya fayadhyansah eka "pragat" mhanoon ajunahi sthanbaddh aahe; tathapi, heey spasht aahe qee serve lasik prakriya wavefront margdarshanane kelya jaat naheet.
tarihi, shalyachikitsakancha dawa aahe qee rugna samanyatah purvichya paddhatinpeksha yaa tantrane adhik samadhani asatat, visheshtah aadhichya paddhatinni dolhyat jhalelya golakar vichalanamule lasikmule 'hallos' yaa drushya kalakrutichya qamee ghatanambaddal. aath chachanyanchya meta-vishleshanat, naun-wavefront-margdarshit lesikchya tulanet, wavefront-margdarshit lessic asalelya rugnanmadhye yaa uchch kramankachya vichalananche praman qamee asalyache disun aale. tyanchya anubhavachya aadhare, amerikechya havai dalane doubleu. eff. jee.-lajikche varnan 'uttam drushti parinam' denare asey kele aahe.
sthalakruti-sahayyit.
sthalakruti-sahayyit lasikcha uddesh achukatemadhye pragati karane aanee ratrichi drushtiche dushparinam qamee karane haah aahe. pahilya sthalakruti-sahayyit upkaranala 13 september 2013 roji eff. dii. aii. chee manjuri midali.
itihas.
barrackerche suruvatiche kaam.
1950 chya dashakat spanish netrashastradnya jose barracker yanni colombiatil bogota yethe microcheratom aanee keratomiliusis tantra vikasit kele. tyachya davakhanyat, too parpatalacha aakar badalanyasathi tyateel patal (eka miimii jadpanacha shambharva bhag) feet kapayacha. dirghakalin parinam sthir thevanyasathi parpatalacha kitee bhag aparivartit thevayacha aahe, yacha dekhil berackerne tapas keela. yaa kamanantar russian shastradnya, swatoslav fyodorov yanni 1970 chya dashakat radial keratotomi (aar. keey.) vikasit kelee aanee 1980 chya dashakat pahilya posterior chamber implant karnyayogya contact lenschee (facic intraocular lains) rachana kelee.
lesar apavartak shastrakriya.
1980 madhye, rangaswamy srinivasana, samuel eae. blum aanee james jeey. aay. bii. emm. sanshodhan prayogshaletil vinanela asey aadhalale qee atinil excimer lesar jiwant uutinna achookatene aanee aaspaschya bhagala konatehi aushnik nuksan naan hota koru shakate. yaa ghatanela 'oblative photo-decomposition' (aii. pii. dii.) asey mhatale gele.
paach varshannantar, 1985 madhye, edward ess. madhye steven trokel. newyork shaharatil kolambiya vidyapithatil harkness aay institutene radial keratotomimadhye excimer lesarcha vapar karoon tyanche kaam prakashit kele. tyanni lihile,
charles munerlyn aanee terry clafam yaa tyachya tyachya, trokelane visaks usa inkchi sthapana kelee. margaret buub. mcdonald emm. dii. neey 1989 madhye manvi visaks apavartak lesar dolhyachi pahili shastrakriya kelee.
paytant.
lasikashi sambandhit anek tantransathi anek paytant jaaree karnyat aale aahet. rangaswamy srinivasana aanee james wiin yanni 1986 madhye atinil excimer lesarvar paytant arj dakhal keela, joou 1988 madhye jaaree jhaala. 1989 madhye, 'gholam aii'. corneal vakrata badalanyasathi excimer lesar vaparnyasathi pemanla us paytant denyat aale. hota,
tathakathit broad-beam lassic aanee pii. aar. keey. tantradnyanashi sambandhit paytant aay. bii. emm. (1988) laa jaaree kelelya moolbhut yuu. ess. petantchya aadhare 1990-1995 darmyan visaks aanee shikharasah yuu. ess. companyanna denyat aale hote, jyat sendriya uutinchya apghatanasathi yuu. vhee. lesarcha vapar kelyacha dawa karnyat aala hota.
yuu madhye amalbajavani.ess..
lasik tantra yuu. aii. madhye lagoo karnyat aale.ess. anyatra tyacha yashasvi arj kelyanantar. ann aanee aushadh prashasanane (eff. dii. aii.) 1989 madhye excimer lesarchi chachani suru kelee. photo-refractive keratectomysathi excimer lesar vaparnyasathi eff. dii. aii. chee manjuri midavanara pahila upkram mhanje shikhar tantradnyan (sansthapak aanee mukhya karyakari adhikari, dow. david mueller).
1992 madhye, eff. dii. aii. chya nirdeshanusar, greek netrashastradnya ionis pallikaris yanni daha vhis kendranmadhye lassicchi suruvat kelee. 1998 madhye, 'cremer excimer lesar', kram kramank keey. eae. aii. 940202, laa lassic sadar karnyasathi tyachya ekeri vaparasathi eff. dii. aii. chee manjuri midali. tyanantar, excimer lesarchya mothya pramanavar nirmiti aanee vitaranasathi eff. dii. aii. chee manjuri midavanari shikhar tantradnyan hii pahili company hotee. visaks aanee itar kampanya pudhe aalya.
 palikaris yanni suchavale qee excimer lesarsah pii. aar. keey. sadar karnyapurvi microkeratomdware parpatalacha eka patta uchalala jaau shakato. pii. aar. keey. madhye flap jodane heey lasik mhanoon olakhale jaau lagale.
alikadachi varshe.
dolhyanchi kalji kalji mahitichya strotachya bajarpethechya vyaptinusar, americetil anekansathi hii prakriya qamee hott chalalela paryay asalyache disate, 2007 madheel sumare 15 laakh shastrakriyanpasun 2015 madhye 604,000 paryant, 50 takkyanhun adhik ghat jhaali aahe. cornia' yaa niyatkalikatil eka abhyasane 2007 teey 2011 yaa kalavadhit gugalvar lassiccha shodh kitee varanvarta gheuun ghenyat aala heey nishchit kele. yaa kalmaryadet, americet lassic shodhanmadhye 40 takkyanni ghat jhaali. yuu. ess. sarkhya deshanmadhye.keey. aanee bharatatahi anukrame 22 takke aanee 24 takke ghat disun aalee. canadamadhye matra, lasik shodhanmadhye 8 takkyanni vaadh disun aalee. vyajatil hii ghat anek ghatakanmule houu shakateh apavartak motibindu shastrakriyecha uday, 2008 madheel aarthik mandee aanee eff. dii. aii. chya 2008 chya lasikvaril prasiddhipatrakatil pratikool prasarmadhyamanche vrutt.
parinamkarak.
2006 madhye, british rashtriy aarogya sevechya rashtriy aarogya aanee vaidyakeey utkrushtata sansthene (chhan) lesar shastrakriyechi parinamkarakta aanee sambhavya jokhamincha purava vicharat ghetala aanee mhatale qee "sadhyachya puravyanvarun asey soochit hote qee apavartak trutinchya sudharanyasathi photorephractive (lesar) shastrakriya yogyaritya nivadalelya rugnanmadhye vaparnyasathi surakshit aanee prabhavi aahe. apavartak trutinchya sudharanansathi photorephractive (lesar) shastrakriya tulana chikitsakanni rugnanna prakriyeche fayade aanee sambhavya dhoke samajale aahet yachee khatri kelee pahije. jokhaminmadhye vinasahayyit drushtimadhye apekshit sudharana sadhya karnyat apayash, naveen drushti vikarancha vikas, parpatalacha sansarg aanee flap guntagunt yancha samavesh hoto. chashma kinwa contact lains lains tulanet yaa jokhaminche mojmap kele pahije."eff. dii. aii. ahavalat mhatale aahe qee" kahee rog asalelya rugnanmadhye apavartak prakriyanchi surakshitata aanee parinamkarakta nirdharit kelee gelee nahee."
samadhan.
lasik shastrakriyechya sarvekshanat rugnachya samadhanache praman 92 teey 98 takkyanchya darmyan asalyache aadhalun aale aahe. march 2008 madhye, american society auph motibindu andd refractive sarjarine aantarrashtriy vaidyakeey niyatkalikanmadhil 3,000 hoon adhik samvayask-punaravalokan kelelya lekhanche rugna samadhan meta-vishleshan prakashit kele. 1988 teey 2008 yaa kalat aayojit kelelya paddhatshir sahitya punaravalokanachya aakadevarit, jyamadhye 'yogya prakare aayojit, changlya prakare tayar kelelya, yadruchchik vaidyakeey chachanyan' vishayi 309 samvayask-punaravalokan lekhancha samavesh hota, tyat lasik rugnanmadhye 95.4 takke rugna samadhan darr aadhalala.
2017 chya jaama abhyasat assa dawa karnyat aala aahe qee ekoon, shastrakriyepurvichi lakshane lakshaniyaritya qamee jhaali aanee drushtichi tikshnata utkrusht jhaali. eka meta-vishleshanat asey aadhalun aale aahe qee 97 takke rugnanni 20/40 chee naan durust keleli drushya tikshnata (ucva) prapt kelee, tarr 62 takke rugnanni 20/20 prapt kelee. drushya tikshnatet vaadh jhalelya vyaktinna tyanchya drushtimule purvi paryay nasalelya vyavsayanmadhye pravesh karanyachi parvanagi dete.
asantosh.
lassic shastrakriyeche kharab parinam asalele kahee lock drushtichya samasyanmule kinwa shastrakriyeshi sambandhit vedanemule jivanacha darja lakshaniyaritya qamee jhalyache sangatat. thodya takke rugnanna pudhil shastrakriyechi aavashyakta asoo shakate kaaran tyanchi sthitee jaast kinwa qamee sudharali aahe. kahee rugnanna upcharanantarhi contact lains kinwa chashma ghalava lagato.
lasik rugnanmadhye asantoshache sarvat samanya kaaran mhanje tivra korade dolhe. swatantra sanshodhan asey soochit karate qee 95 takke rugnanna shastrakriyenantarchya suruvatichya kalat korade dolhe jaanavtat. eka mahinyanantar hii sankhya 60 takkyanparyant nondavali gelee aahe. shastrakriyenantar 6 teey 12 mahinyant bahusankhya rugnanmadhye lakshane sudharu lagatat. tathapi, truteey netravidnyan kalji kendranna pathavalelya lessic-nantarchya sandarbhanpaiki 30 takke dirghakalin korade dolhe asalyamule asalyache disun aale aahe.
lasikchya manjurimadhye sahbhagi asalele eff. dii. aii. chey majee adhikari mauris waxler yanni nantar tyachya vyapak vaparavar teeka kelee. 2010 madhye, vaccelorne prasarmadhyamandhye hajeri lavali aanee dawa keela qee yaa prakriyecha apayashacha darr 50 takkyanhun adhik aahe. eff. dii. aii. neey uttar dile qee waxlerchi mahitee "khotee vidhane, chukichya sandarbhanni" aanee "parinamanche chukiche varnan" karoon bharaleli aahe.
2016 chya jaama abhyasanusar asey soochit hote qee lasikmule lasikmule guntaguntincha pradurbhav darshavilyapeksha jaast aahe, abhyasat asey soochit kele gele aahe qee anek rugnanna chamak, prabhamandal kinwa itar drushya lakshane jaanavtat. jaama abhyasatil (2017 madhye prakashit) 43 takke sahbhaginni tyanni yapurvi anubhavaleli nasaleli naveen drushya lakshane nondavali.
presbiopia.
presbiopiamadhye, presbylasic mhanoon olakhala jaanara eka prakarcha lasik vaparla jaau shakato. parinam matra adhik badaloo shakatat aanee kahee lokanmadhye drushtichi tikshnata qamee hote.
jokhim.
uchch-kramatil vichalan.
uchch-kramatil vichalan yaa drushtikeey samasya aahet jyasathi nidanasathi vishesh chachanichi aavashyakta asate aanee samanya chashmyandware (chashma) durust kelya jaat naheet. yaa vichalananmadhye 'starbersts', 'ghosting', 'hallos' aanee itarancha samavesh aahe. kahee rugna shastrakriyenantar yaa lakshananche varnan karatat aanee tyanna flap tayar karane aanee ootee qamee karane yasah lasik tantrashi jodatat.
putalyacha aakar aanee vichalan yanchyat parasparsambandh aahe. haah parasparsambandh parpatalachya sparsh naan jhalelya bhagatil aanee punarnirmit bhagatil parpatalachya uutinmadhil aniyamitatecha parinam asoo shakato. lassic flappecsha putalyacha aakar lahan asalyane, divasachi lassic-nantarchi drushti ishtatam asate.
itarjan asey suchavatat qee uchch-kramatil vichalan heey purv-karyatmak asatat. teey micrometermadhye (microne meater) mojale jaau shakatat, tarr eff. dii. aii. neey manjur kelela sarvat lahan lesar-beam aakar sumare 1000 putt motha, 0.65 miimii aahe.
nantarchya vayat lasikmule keratomilyusisamule parpatalachya uchch-kramachya tarangmukh vichalananchya ghatana vadhatat. heey ghatak lasik upcharansathi kaljipurvak rugnachya nivadiche mahatva darshavtat.
korade dolhe.
95 takke rugna lasik nantar korade dolhe lakshane nondavtat. jaree heey sahasa tatpurte asale taree teey dirghakalin aanee gambhir korade dolhe lakshansamuchchayamadhye vikasit houu shakate. dry-aay syndromemule jivanachya gunavattevar gambhir parinam houu shakato.
sjogren syndromsarkhya koradya dolhyansah antarnihit paristhiti lasiksathi matbhed manalya jaatat.
upcharanmadhye krutrim ashru, prescription ashru aanee viramchinh bund karane yancha samavesh hoto. ashru vahinimadhye collegen kinwa silicon plug thevun viramchinh bund karane purn kele jaate, jeey samanyatah dolhyatoon drav kadhoon takte. kahee rugna asha upcharannantarhi dolhyanchya koradepanachi lakshane suru asalyachi takrar karatat aanee lakshane kayamswarupi asoo shakatat.
hallos.
kahee lassic nantarchya rugnanna ratri tejaswi divyambhovati prabhamandal aanee starberst disatat. ratri, putali flappecsha mothee houu shakate jyamule flapchya kathavar kinwa strommel badalanmule prakashachi drushya vikrutee houu shakate jee putali lahan asatana divasa hott nahee. mothya papanyansathi dolhyanchi shastrakriyapurv tapasani kelee jaau shakate aanee yaa lakshanachya jokhamiche moolyankan kele jaau shakate.
shastrakriyepurvichya, antkriyatmak, lavkar shastrakriyenantarchya kinwa usheera shastrakriyenantarchya strotanmule strotanmule lasikmule lasikmule guntaguntinche vargikaran kele gele aaheh yooke rashtriy aarogya sevenusar, 5 takkyanpeksha qamee prakarananmadhye guntagunt udbhavate.
eff. dii. aii. chee sthitee.
aktoobar 2009 madhye, eff. dii. aii., rashtriy netra sanstha (aine. eae. aay.) aanee sanrakshn vibhagane (dii. oo. dii.) lasik lesar netra shastrakriyenantar rugnanna rugnanna samasyanchya vyapak ahavalanna pratisad mhanoon lasikmule udbhavu udbhavu gambhir samasyancha sambhavya dhoka adhik changlya prakare samajoon ghenyat madat karnyasathi lasik gunavatta jeevan sahkarya prakalp (ell. kyu. oo. ell. see. pii.) suru keela. yaa prakalpane lassic (proval) vaparoon rugnane nondavalelya parinamanchi tapasani kelee. yaa prakalpache teen tappe hoteh prayogik tappa, pahila tappa, dusra tappa (proll-1) aanee tisra tappa (proll-2). shevatche done tappe 2014 madhye purn jhaale.
lasik jivanmanachya abhyasache parinam aktoobar 2014 madhye prakashit karnyat aale.
eff. dii. aii. chya netra upkarananchya vibhagache sanchalak, lasik abhyasabaddal mhanale qee, "darvarshi mothya sankhyene lasikmadhun lasikmadhun rugnanna pahata, lakshaniy sankhyene rugnanmadhye asantosh aanee apangatva lakshane disu shakatat". 2014 madhye dekhil, eff. dii. aii. neey eka lekh prakashit keela, jyamadhye jokhim aanee ghatak aanee paristhitichi yadee adhorekhit kelee gelee aahe, jyacha vichar vyaktinni tyanchya apavartak shastrakriyesathi doctor nivadatana keela pahije.
matbhed.
pratyekjan lasik prapt karnyas patra nasato. gambhir keratoconus kinwa patal parpatalache rog lassic rogachya rugnanna apatra tharvu shakatat, jaree itar prakriya vyavharya paryay asoo shakatat. jyanna fuchacha corneal endothelial dystrophy, corneal epithelial basement membrain dystrophy, retinal ashru, autoimmune rog, tivra korade dolhe aanee lakshaniy blaferitis aahet tyanchyavar lassiccha vichar karnyapurvi upchar kele pahijet. garbhavati kinwa stanpan tulana striya samanyatah lasik ghenyas patra nasatat.
mothe vidyarthi asalele lock (udaa.jee. aushadhe ghetalyamule kinwa lahan vayogatatil) visheshtah shastrakriyenantar mand prakashat chamak, prabhamandal, starberst aanee bhoot pratima (duheri drushti) yasarkhya lakshanancha dhoka asoo shakato. kaaran lesar keval parpatalachya aateel bhagavar kaam karoo shakato, tyamule bahereel kathavar parinam hott nahee. mand prakashat, rugnachya putalya pasaratat aanee aanee prakashachya sandarbhat done pradeshanchya apavartak atulaniyatemule teey druk vichalanansathi purvanirdharit asoo shakatat.
pudhil sanshodhan.
1991 pasoon, vegwan lesar, mothya jaaga, mutrashayavirahit flap cheere, intraoparetiv corneal packimetry aanee 'wavefront-optimized' aanee 'wavefront-guide' tantre yasarkhya aanakhi vikas ghadalya aahet, jyaa mishigan vidyapithachya ultrafast optical science kendrane suru kelya hotya. apavartak shastrakriyemadhye pramanit lassic badalanyache uddisht mhanje mhanje kayamswarupi kamkuvat hone talhane aanee aajubajuchya uutinna qamee urja dene. agadi alikade, epi-boman keratectomisarkhi tantre vikasit kelee gelee aahet jee upakala talgharatil padada kinwa bomanchya tharala sparsh karane talhtat.
photorephractive keratectomishi tulana.
pii. aar. keey. aanee lasik yanchi tulana tulana eka paddhatshir punaravalokanat assa nishkarsh kadhala gela qee lasikmadhye barey honyacha vel qamee aanee vedna qamee asatat. eka varshachya kalavadhinantar donhi tantranche parinam sarkhech asatat.
2017 chya paddhatshir punaravalokanat drushya tikshnatemadhye anishchitata aadhalali, parantu eka abhyasat asey aadhalun aale qee, pii. aar. keey. prapt prapt apavartak truti honyachi shakyata qamee hotee aanee lasicchya tulanet atee-sudharana honyachi shakyata qamee hotee.

