
clara anudan

clara elen grant obe (21 juuna 1867-10 aktoobar 1949), jyanna 'dhanushyavaril firthing bundle women' mhanoon olakhale jaate, tyaa eka shikshika, londonmadhil arbhakanchya shikshanachya pranetya aanee samajsudharak hotya. tine 1907 madhye londonchya purv tokala garib aanee bhukelya mulanna khayala aanee kapade ghalanyasathi furn street settlementchi sthapana kelee.
prarambhik jeevan.
clara grantcha janm 1867 madhye wiltshiremadheel chapmanslade gavat jhaala, maria aanee thomas grant, eka chitrakar aanee glazier yanchya nauu mulanpaiki eka. tiche aaee-vadil doghehi changle vachalele asalyamule tiche ghar pustakanpaiki eka hote, tarr tiche vadil swayam-shikavalele sangitkar aanee sthanik charchmadhye avayavshastradnya hote. grant yanni swatahla 'sunder disana bahininchya kutumbatil ekmev sadha vyakti' mhanoon varnan kele, tathapi, tyanni buddhimatta, swatantrya, mutsaddegiri aanee majboot samajik vivek yasah itar kaushalye vikasit kelee. vayachya 5 vya varshi, tee chapmansledchya naveen rashtriy shalechya pahilya vidyarthyanpaiki eka hotee, jithe tee eka khambir aanee katheen vidyarthi asalyache siddha jhaale. 1875 madhye, tee aanee tiche kutumb yethoon sthalantarit jhaale, jithe thodya kalasathi tine eka rashtriy shalet shikshan ghetale aanee tyanantar fromfieldmadhye tarun mahilansathi eka shikshanshala suru kelee. vayachya 13 vya varshi, tee khraist charchchya shishunchya shalet vidyarthi shikshika hotee aanee vayachya 14 vya varshi tee varishtha vidyarthi shikshika hotee. tiche sangopan khrishchan hote aanee eka tarun stree mhanoon, anudanane londonmadhye shikshak honyasathi swatache shikshan pudhe nenyacha nirnay ghet eka swatantra marg kadhala, jyache uddisht 1886 madhye tine salisbury diocession prashikshan mahavidhyalayat prashikshan ghetale.
karkird.
1888 madhye tyanchya mool gavatil church shalet mukhyadhyapika mhanoon tyanchi pahili adhyapanachi nokri hotee. 1890 chya uttaradhapasun 1893 paryant anudanane londonmadhye adhyapanachi tyanchi mahatvakanksha sadhya kelee, jevha tyaa hoxtonmadhil eka chhotya shalechya pramukh hotya, tevha tyaa vanchit bhagat hotya. yaa kalat tine gresham mahavidhyalayatil vidyapith vistar abhyaskram aanee vyakhyananchya malikedware swatache shikshan pragat kele. 1893 madhye boarding shalet alpakalin aanee apoorn kalavadhiche adhyapan karnyavyatirikt, 1894 teey 1900 yaa kalat anudanane, londonchya sarvat vanchit bhaganpaiki eka asalelya sarvat garib mulambarobar kaam karnyasathi aapale jeevan samarpit kele. 1896 madhye, anudanane tichya khrismas kardmadhye eka chhoti 'ichcha yadee' jodali, jyadvare tine tichya vidyarthyanchya kutumbasathi june kapade aanee avanchhit gharguti vastoo daan karanyachi aasha vyakt kelee. yaa yaditoon, tee tichya aayushyatil kamacha vikas karel yachee teela farshi kalpana navhati. madhya aafriketil vidyapithanchya mohimet sameel honyacha ticha hetu hota, parantu tyaeivaji tine londonchya purv tokavaril mulansathi aapale jeevan samarpit kele.
1900 madhye, tyaa parisaratil paach lahan shalanpaiki eka asalelya, serve hallos shalechya mukhya shikshik mhanoon tichi niyukti karnyat aalee, jyaa serve tinpasoon banvilya gelya hotya. 1905 madhye, bromley-buy-boow madheel devens road arbhakanchi shaala, tinchya shalanmadhil serve mulanna samavoon ghenyasathi naveen uddeshane bandhaleli shaala ughadali gelee, jyat punha mukhyadhyapika mhanoon anudan denyat aale.
dharmaday karya.
balwadichi suruvat karananya german shikshak friedrich frobel yanchya shishyala asey vatale qee, mule jarr thund, bhukeli aanee dukkhi asateel tarr tyanna prabhavipane shikavale jaau shakat nahee. 1907 madhye tine furn street vasahat ubharali, suruvatila tichya swatachya gharat, parantu 1911 pasoon londonchya purv tokavaril garibanchya mulanna khayala aanee kapade ghalanyasathi rupantarit terres cottagechya maliket. yaa tadjodine swayamsevi aarogya bhet sanghataneshi sambandh vadhavale, jyane eka varshasathi mahinyatoon ekada karmchari sadasya aanee paricharika devens road shishu shalet mulasah kutumbat janmalelya pratyek balala bhetanyasathi pathavali.
whitechappel aanee spittlefieldschya garibanmadhye toinby hallchya anglican pujari aanee samaj sudharak samuel barnett yanchya karyane prerit houn, tichya tarun vidyarthyansathi aayojit garam nashta, tichya swatachya khishatoon lapshi, dudh, bhakari aanee lonee kharedi qaraa. yavyatirikt, tine tichya vidyarthyanna kapade aanee boot puravale. 1913 madhye mulanna khelata yene aavashyak aahe heey lakshat yetach tine khelanyanchya 'firthing bundle' chee kalpana kelee, jee pannas varshanhun adhik kaal chalanari yojana hotee. pratyek bandalmadhil khelani punarnavinikaran kelelya samgripasoon banavali jaat hotee aanee garib mulanna vitarit kelee jaat hotee. asha prakare, jaalyachya lakadacha tukada vartmanpatrat gundaloon sadhya bahulimadhye tayar keela jaau shakato; tarr, dorane bandhalelya aanee bharalelya ghasoon gelelya mojyanchi jodee cricketche chendu mhanoon vaparali jaau shakate. itar bhetvastunmadhye shittya, kavach, manee, reel, sangamarvari, fancy boxes, sushobhit golichi petty, ballroom pencil, patchworkche scrap, resheem kinwa lokariche auds aanee toke, kapade ghalanyasathi rangeet kagad, cigaret card aanee scrap yancha samavesh asoo shakato. ranee mereene vasahatila bhet dilee jyanantar tee anekada 'bundle' madhye punha vaparnyasathi anudan shubhechha patre pathvat asey.
firthing bundle' chee magani itaki mothee jhaali qee anudanane tharavale qee tee fakt tichya chhotya shulkanna madat karoo shakate aanee tichyakade tyanche vay kinwa tyanchyabaddal kahihi vicharayala vel naslyamule tine eka lakadi kamaan tayar kelee jyavar 'aata lahan mulanno, aat jaa; jeey khoop unch aahet teey konihi yeu shakat naheet' haah vakyansh korala hota. mulanna eka bundle milanyapurvi yaa kamanitoon naan jhukata jaave lagat hote. sarasari 500 mule sakali 6 vajata kamaan olandun jaanyasathi ranget ubhe rahoo lagatat. mulanna dandharm milat nahee, parantu tyanchya bhetvastunsathi tyanni paise dile aahet, ashee bhavna mulanna midavi, yasathi mulanni pratyek bandalsathi eka firth dile. jarr tyanna tyanche bundle apurate vatale tarr takrar karnyacha adhikarhi tyanni deela. unch mule yatoon baher padoo nayet mhanoon, nantar 'penny shop' ubharanyasathi anudan dya. 
pahilya mahayuddhat, 1930chya dashkatil mandimadhye, dusya mahayuddhat aanee 1960chya dashakat, anudanachya mrutyunantar kahee varshanni 'farthing bundle' karyarat hote. 1964 saalee eka mulala tyachya bandalmadhye eka comic, eka putthyache viman, eka pencil aanee notebook, chakaki, machis petitil sangamarvari, eka chendu aanee eka khelani gaadee-heey serve 1⁄2d (ardha juna paisa) madhye sapadale asateel, jeey 1961 pasoon prachalit navhate. wwy darmyan, anudanane sthanik havai hallyachya nivanyache aayojan karnyat madat kelee aanee sangharshadarmyan jyanni priyjan gamavale hote tyanna santvan dile. anudan 1927 madhye adhyapanatun nivrutt jhaale parantu swatahla kadhihi vasahatitoon nivrutt houu shakale nahee. 
mulansathi khel aanee karamanukichya mahattvavishayichya tichya matancha prachar karnyasathi anudanane balwadichya shikshakansathi nauu niyamavalichi malika prakashit kelee. tyaa uddeshasathi tine udyananche samarthan kele aanee mulansathi khel aanee tyanchya matansathi sahaliche aayojan kele. tiche 'daad teachers book auph toy making' heey pustak 1917 madhye prakashit jhaale, tarr tiche 'daad teachers book auph droing chattah aaa sirij auph chatt phaur babys with droing' heey pustak londonchya evance bandhunni thodyach velat prakashit kele. nantar tine tichya shaikshanik aanee paropkari karyasathi paise gola karnyasathi done aatmacharitratmak aanee swayam-prakashit kaame lihilih 'mea' pasoon 'aamhi' paryantah 'boow common' varr chalis varshe (1930) aanee 'farthing bundle' (1930).
sanman.
1949 madhye vayachya 81 vya varshi, shikshanasathichya tichya sevesathi anudan pradan karnyat aale. tine nantar lihile, "aaplya lokanmadhye bhetvastu vatoon ghenyache anandadayi kaam majhyasathi padale aahe. ayogya dhobal dhobal rangbhusha ghalanyaitake lajirvane kahihi nahee-parantu aekhadyache ayushya itar konasathihi badalanar nahee."
mrutyu.
clara grant yanche 1949 madhye vayachya 82 vya varshi 38 furn streetvaril tyanchya gharee nidhan jhaale aanee tyanna tyanchya furn street vasahatijavalil tower hamlet smashanbhumit daphan karnyat aale. tine kadhich lagn kele nahee.
varsa.
1993 madhye devens shaleche naav badaloon, clara anudan prathamik shaala aanee kutre betavaril mellish streetvaril clara anudan gharadvare tiche smaran kele jaate. 2014 madhye londonchya tower hamletchya barone furn streetmadheel vasahatichya baher bhintivar jambhalya rangachi lokanchi falak asaleli anudan manyata dilee hotee, jyache kaam aajahi suru aahe. 2015 madhye tichya shikshanatil jivanbharache karya manya karnyasathi fraum yetheel tichya purvichya gharavar nilya pattikeche anavaran karnyat aale.
daridrya nirmulan karnyache sadhan mhanoon janm niyantranache samarthan karnyat ayashasvi tharalyabaddal aanee daridryachi samajik karane olakhanyat ayashasvi tharalyabaddal alikadachya varshant anudanavar teeka kelee jaat aahe. teela garbhanirodhakachya muddyavar sahbhagi vhayache nahee yaa tichya davyamule, samasya samajoon ghenyat apayash yenyapeksha asha babinvar charcha karnyas victorian spinsterchya anichhechi adhik chhap padate. aarogya, gruhnirman aanee karamanukichya babatit garib sadasyanprati samajachya jababdarivar tippanya lihinyapramanech, garibi aanee tichi samajik karane yanchyatil sambandh tyanna spashtapane samajale.
bahya duve.