
james ferdinand morton junier.

james ferdinand morton junier. (18 aktoobar 1870-7 aktoobar 1941) heey 1900 teey 1920 yaa dashkatil arajaktavadi lekhak aanee rajkiy karyakarte hote, visheshtah eka curr pranali, varnabhed aanee mahilansathi samarthan yaa vishayanvar. sumare 1920 nantar teey bahai dharmache sadasya, eka ullekhaneey sangrahalay curator, eka asparentist aanee etch. chaa jawalcha mitra mhanoon adhik olakhale gele. pii. premkala.
charitra.
suruvatichi varshe.
mortoncha janm littleton, massatusates yethe jhaala, too nyu hampshirechya andover yethe rahat hota. 1620 madhye tyanche kutumb parat yatrekarunkade pohochale, tyanche aajoba rev hote. samuel francis smith. 1906 salchya eka vruttapatratil lekhat tyachya tarunyavishayi thodasa ullekh aahe-qee tyane "newsboy, bootblack, organ bloer aanee jailey karkhanyat karmchari (ess. aay. see.) mhanoon kaam kele". 1892 madhye tyanni harvard vidyapithatun qalaa padvi aanee qalaa padvyuttar padvi midavali, tyach velee shastriy bhashashastrat, gorham thomas shishyavrutti midavali, padvi saha loud midavali aanee onners society phay beeta kappache sadasya hote. too doubleu. chaa vargamitra hota.eae.buub. tyane kahee patravyavahar keela aanee tyachyashi sanvad sadhala. tyane greek, lattin aanee frenchmadhye kaushalye midavali. 1896 chya harwardchya "sachivanchya ahavalat" namood kele gele aahe qee toparyant teey changlya templar, prani hakkansambandhi nyu ingland anty-visiction societychya samshitoshna swatantra kramane hote aanee tyanni peaples partychya antargat prachar keela hota.
yaa suruvatichya kalatahi teey haushi patrakarita chalvalit sakriyapane sahbhagi hote, 1891 madhye vikasansheel prathechya vruttapatrachya vartankanamadhye disale aanee 1896 madhye rashtriy haushi press associationche (aine. aii. pii. aii.) adhyaksh mhanoon nivadoon aale. nyu englandmadhil tyanchya suruvatichya kalat tyanni mukhya pravahatil sanskratila anek paryay shodhale.
arajaktavad aanee pashchimecha aanee magecha daura.
too arajakatavadacha samarthak banala-vaiyaktik arajaktavad, mukt prem aanee mukt vichar yanchyashi vishesh sambandh asalela-aanee yaa kalpananche samarthan karnyasathi paschimekade aantar-deshi bhashanacha daura 1899-1900 keela. yapaiki anek charcha vartmanpatranmadhye prakashit jhalya. 1901 paryant teey paschim kinanyavar sakriy hote. paschim mortenmadhye rahat asatana, tyanni 'mukt samaj', 'asantosh', 'pradarshak' aanee emma goldmanchi 'dharati maata', tasech mukt vichar niyatkalik satya shodhak aanee gharee rahat asalelya washington arajaktavadi samudayasathi lihile kinwa sampadit kele, jyavar chhapa taknyat aala hota, jaree mortenla atak karnyat aalee navhati aanee amerikeche adhyaksh william mackinly yanchyaviruddha hatyechya prayatnanchi batami aalee tevhahi teey upasthit hote. mortonchya likhananni heey spasht kele qee too 'pratikar naan karananya' arajaktavadala anukool hota. 1904 madhye teey purv kinanyavar paratale aanee anek vartmanpatranmadhye arajaktavad, mukt vichar aanee naitikta yavar tyanche bhashan prakashit jhaale.
upkram.
1903 chya suruvatilach morton heey arajaktavadi "asantosh" sathee lihilelya tyanchya likhanat varnadveshachya virodhat hote. tyanni krishnavarniyanchya nagri hakkansathi sakriyapane moheem rabavali, thomas dicksonsarkhya nirmitila aavhan dile aanee 1906 madhye 'daad shrap auph race preduces' prakashit kele, jeey national association phaur daad advancement auph coloured pipalachya sankatane varshanuvarshe anek aavrutyanmadhye suchavalelya vachan sahityat soochibaddha kele. morton yanni 1910 chya dashakat nockupchya vividh samityanvar kaam kele aanee anek varshe yaa vishayavar bolane suru thewale. 1922 madhye tyanni varnadveshachya itihasavaril parishadet yogdan dile.
kadachit tyachya aayushyachya purvardhat, heinry georgene nirman kelelya eka-karachya vishayashivay, itar konatyahi vishayane mortonchi urja aanee laksh kendrit kele nahee. anek varshe tyanni jyaa vishayanvar charcha kelee, tyapaiki haah eka vishay hota. 54 shaharanmadhye ekoon 68 vyakhyane, 2000 hoon adhik upasthitisaha, 'id1' madhye. yapaiki anek vartamanpatre bunley. churchwar curr aakaranyachehi tyanni samarthan kele.
tisra vishay mrutyuprakarani chirsthayi chintecha hota-matadhikar, strivad aanee laingikta aanee garbhanirodhkavaril maryadanvaril paramparansah mahilansathi vakiliche pailu.
anek dashakanpasun tyancha aavaj asalelya aanee newyork aanee massatusetsmadhye kahee varshe kayadyacha sarav karananya vishisht vishayanvyatirikt, tyanni vividh vishayanvar lekhan kinwa bhashane dileeh
sahitya aanee maitri.
vividh vaiyaktik vishayanvyatirikt, dirghkalasathi tyanni anek vishayanmadhye guntavanuk kelee. 1915 salapasoon teey 'blue pencil club auph brooklin' chey (1908 saalee alberts mynton edamsachi sthapana) pramukh sadasya hote, blue pencil clubche adhyaksh; hazel bossler pratt (1888-1927), sachiv.<sandarbh naav = "carpelibrumbook/galpin-1922">
</riif>), 'daad brooklinite' chey prakashak aanee paramparik nilya pencil sampadakachya sudharananvar naav dile gele aanee anek bhashananmadhye sahityachya kautukala pathimba deela. lekhkashi tyanchi jawalchi maitri etch. pii. premkala heey aaj kadachit tyachya charitratil vaishishtya aahe jeey sarvat jaast swarasya nirman karate. mortenne 1922 madhye lovecraftla rashtriy haushi press associationche adhyaksh mhanoon padonnati dilee. manhattonchya blue pencil clubney "blue pencil masika" prakashit kelee.
lovecraftshee sambandh.
morton heey 1920 chya dashakachya madhyat newyork shaharatil lovecraftchya aaspaschya mitranche jawalche vartul asalelya kalem clubche pramukh sadasya hote. tyaa kalachya suruvatichya kalat too newyork shaharatil harlem yethe, mukhytah krishnavarniy parisaramadhye rahat hota.
patterson sangrahalay.
morton heey khanijashastrache sakriy vidyarthi aanee thomas paine natural histree associationche pramukh sadasya hote. 1920 chya dashakachya madhyat tyanna prastav denyat aala aanee tyanni nyu jersey yetheel patterson yetheel naveen sangrahalayat mukhya sangrahalay curatorche padd sweekarle-jeey tevha arajakatavadache pradeshik sthan hote-jithe teey khanijashastracha sangrah tayar kartil jyache rashtriy aanee aantarrashtriy staravar kautuk jhaale. yaa nokarimule tyanna lekhak pearl keey. yanchyashi lagn karata aale. 1934 madhye anand jhaala; yaa jodpyala moolbal navhate. morton american association auph museumscha neta aanee newyork mineralogical clubcha agraganya sadasya banala. sthanik patalivar tyala radicals patterson rambling clubsobat chalayala khoop aavadayache.
1934 madhye tyanna tyanchya kautumbik itihasat rus hota aanee tyanni tyanchya swatachya sanshodhanachya kahee maryada paar karnyasathi mahattvachya sanshodhanasathi sthanik itihaskaranche abhinandan karat lihile. chalanyacha shaukeen asalela too 1941 madhye eka baithakila jaat asatana eka dhavatya gadine tyachya pathila dhadak dilyane maran pavala.
dharm.
1907 pasoon mortenne 'libra' navachya niyatkalikat 'mansik aatmacharitratil tukade' yaa antargat lekhanchi eka malika prakashit kelee, jyat tyachya dharmik parshvabhumichi ruparesha, baptist kautumbik varshapasoon suru hote, ekatmavadi natevaik aanee theosophy explorationmadhun jaate (too 1895 madhye boston theosophical societycha adhyaksh hota) aanee serve dharmgranthanmadhye aanee sanghatit dharmat dosh aadhalala tarihi yeshu aanee buddhala tyachya prashansechya sarvoch staravar asalelyanmadhye sthan dile. yaa kalat morton eka utsahi "suvartik" nastik hota aanee anekada dharmachya virodhat bolala parantu tyala aadhich bahai shraddhecha samna karava lagla hota jeeh
suruvatila, mea tyala anek chhotya panthanpaiki eka mhanoon manoranjak swarsyane pahile; parantu haloohaloo mea swatah laa tyachyashi jawalche aanee jawalche sambandh thevatana pahile. tyachya manovruttit eka vaibhavachi vyapti hotee jee mallah itaratra aadhalali navhati. khrishchan dharm, jyoo dharm, mohammadan dharm, bauddha dharm, mukt vichar aanee itar sarvanmadhye jeey sarvottam hote, tyasathi teey sthan hote, yapaiki konashihi ladhale nahee, parantu tyanna pratyekjan vishvachya mothya aadhyatmik yojnesathi nishchitpane upayukt asalyache aadhalale. haah mahan samnvayak aanee susangat karnara aahe. mallah tyat eka sthayi sthan sapadale aahe, jeey mea anek aswasth varshe vyarth shodhat hoto. nihpakshapatipane satyacha tapas suru thevanyachi aanee manvi sevechya serve shakhanmadhye utsahipane kaam karanyachi majhi utsukata qamee honyaeivaji vadhate. itar satyapremeenchya bhinn nishkarshanmadhye shodhanyat majha konatahi dosh nahee aanee mea tyaa sarvansobat sandhee mhanoon kaam karnyas tayar aahe. (1910 chya jawal)
nantarchya aayushyat too dharmparivartit jhaala. morton 1915 pasoon green ekar yetheel sadarikarankartyanchya karyakramavar, sumare 1912 pasoonchya bahee 'eae vyakhyan aanee parishadanche kendra, bahee' eae vartulat spashtapane aahe aanee 1916 chya sumaras dharmachya tikakarabarobar kahee vadavivadat utarala. tyane 1918 madhye newyorkhoon dharmachya rashtriy adhiveshanala paryayi pratinidhi mhanoonahi kaam kele. 1919 madhye tyala dharmache pramukh abdul-bahekadoon done patre (urf "tablet") midali, jee nantar pashchimechya bahee 'eae journal starmadhye prakashit jhaali. morton yanni 1910 chya dashakachya uttaradhapasun 20 chya dashkaparyant aanee 30 chya dashkaparyant dharmashi sambandhit sarvajanik bhashane dilee aanee tyach kalat esperantochya vishayala kadhikadhi visheshtah bahai mhanoon sambodhit kele. teey uttar americetil esperanto leagueche upadhyaksh hote aanee newyork shaharatil ferrer centermadhye (dirghkal chalanari arajaktavadi shaala) tyaa bhasheche pramukh shikshak hote.
samanata, samanata aanee sambandh.
heey kadachit lakshat ghenyasarkhe aahe qee itar bahinna heinry georgechya kalpanambhovati ugam pavalelya ekal curr chalvalit rus hota aanee itar kalpana dekhil tarun mortenshee samaan hotya. yapaiki paul kingsten delly aanee merrie howland heey hote. kahee varshanpurvi, donhi dharmat sameel jhaale hote. deal aanee howland vegvegalya shaharanmadhye dharmat sameel jhaale hote-shikago, dealchya babatit yuu. ess. madheel bahaicha pahila rashtriy samuday aanee cansassmadhil howland, rajyanmadhil dusra assa. deleene yapurvi 1895 chya sumaras peaples partychya antargat pann shikagomadhye padasathi nivadanuk ladhavali hotee. howlandchya patiche lavkarach nidhan jhaale asale taree howland aanee tichya patila tyaa kalatil niyamanviruddha aanee mahilanchya sanskrutik paristhitiviruddha laingik swatantryachya kalpananmadhye dekhil rus hota. jaree heey vegale asale taree, fairhope, alabama, sumare 1898-9 yethe, delly (aanee tyache kutumb) aanee howeland heey doghehi swatantrapane eka prakarchya samudayat gele. tethe howlandne pahile granthalay sthapan kele aanee vasahatichya mortenschya aanakhi eka vruttapatravar kaam kele. aanakhi eka bahai jodape-aunar jackson aanee emee montfort dekhil ashach prakarchya roochi darshavtat. jackson eka dashakapurvi arajaktavadi hota aanee topolobampo mexico yetheel eka prakarchya dusarya samudayat sameel hota aanee nantar 1897 chya sumaras shikagomadhye aayamichya kahee kaal aadhi dharmat sameel jhaala. tyanni lagn kele hote aanee kamgaranchya hakkanchya sahbhagacha pathpurava keela hota, jaree tyanchi dirghakalin swarasya canadakade valali hotee. morton, delly, howland, jackson kinwa montfort yanna ekmekambaddal kadhee mahitee hotee qee nahee heey maheet nahee. yavyatirikt, pashchimekadil pahila bahai mhanoon olakhala jaanara kontyacha pathlag haah mortonche aajoba rev yancha vidyarthi hota. samuel francis smith, tyachya tarunyat.