
willans engine

willans engine kinwa madhyavarti zadap engine heey 20 vya shatkachya suruvatichya sumaras pramukhyane veej nirmitisathi vaparale jaanare eka uchch-gatiche sthir vafeche engine hote.
willansche engine heey steeple sanyug enginechya sarvat prasiddha udaharananpaiki eka hote. hii duheri kinwa tiheri vistar sanyug injine hotee, jyat eka-karyasheel cylinderchi asamanya vaishishtye aanee tyaa spindlechya serve cylindermadhye samayik kelela madhyavarti spindle zadap hota. cylinder ekach ubhya khambavar basavalelya uchch aanee qamee dabachya cylinders, eksandh sanyuge mhanoon mandanyat yetat. steeple sanyugachi hii ubhi vyavastha asha shaktichya enginesathi eka sankshipt majala mandani dete.
willans injine hii veej nirmitisathichi pahili uchch-gatichi injine navhati, parantu lavkarach tee sevetil pramukh prakar honyasathi sweekarli gelee.
anuprayog.
vijnirmiti.
hii injine pieter doubleu. yanni vikasit kelee hotee. pramukhyane vidyut utpadanachya vadhatya bajarpethesathi, thams ditton yethe willans aanee marqa robbinson. 1884 madhye tyanna kendriya zadap tattvasathi paytant denyat aale.
1890 chya dashkaparyant, itar konatyahi prakarchya tulanet veej nirmitisathi adhik vilan prakar karyarat hote. itar uchch-gatee vafechya enginanpramanech, thet dynamo chalvanyasathi puresha uchch vegane dhavana vafechya enginechi garaj hotee aanee jyamadhye yogya voltage rakhanyasathi badalatya bharakhali achook gatiche niyaman hote. essie pranalinsathi yogya varanvarta rakhane aanakhi mahattvache hote, parantu essie pranalinni disisathi vaparlya jaanarya uchch-gatee enginaivaji mothya flywheels mand-gatee engines pasanti dilee.
itar upayog.
giranya.
jaree yaa tarkheparyant anek giranya bandhalya gelya asot, taree yaa anuprayogamadhye dirghkalapasun sthapit cross-kampaund corlis aanee drop-walve engine adhik changlya prakare olakhale jaatat. willans engine, tyachi qamee jadatva aanee achook veg niyantranamule teey giranichya kamasathi atyant yogya banale. tyane vitarit kelela sthir shaft veg, jaree vegvegalya bharakhali, firanyachi gunavatta sudharel aanee shock lodmule tutalelya tokanchi sankhya qamee karel asey manale jaat hote.
naudal.
naudalachya anty-tarpedo botinna shakti denyasathi willans enginecha vapar keela jaat asey. boaty vegwan hotya, injine aavajahin hotee asey sanganyat aale.
operation.
ekal-abhinay operation.
willans engine eka-karyarat hote; vafecha daab keval pistonchya varchya prushthbhagavar lagoo keela jaat asey. yaa velee uchch-gatee engineche heey eka samanya vaishishtya hote, jeey thokane aanee vadhiv ghasaghis qamee karnyachya drushtine hote, jyamule uchch karya gateela parvanagi milate. tattva asey hote qee eka-karyarat enginemadhye jodana rodd aanee tyachya bearingwaril shakti nehmi rodd sankuchit karnyasathi karya karatat, pratyek valanat donada ulat dishene jaanyaivaji, duheri-karyarat enginesathi. khalchya vajanache pitale, jeey fakt suruvatichya kalatach bhaar vahoon nett asat, teey crankpin aanee vareel mukhya karyarat pitalapeksha lahan asat. jaree eka-karyarat injine samatulya duheri-karyarat engineachya keval nimmya shaktiche utpadan karatat, kinwa anyatha tyanchya duppat vegane chalane aavashyak aahe, parantu yaa qamee jhalelya thokanyamule tyanna duppat vegane dhavanyachi parvanagi miloo shakate.
havah gadee.
paramparik duheri-karyarat enginemadhye, zadap bund jhalyanantar aanee sankuchit kelyanantar urvarit waf thakavana nalkamadhye adakali hotee. yaa sankuchit vafecha gadee prabhav asato aanee strokechya shevati piston todanyache kaam karate. eka-karyarat enginemadhye power strokechya shevati assa konatahi parinam hott nahee. yapurvi hii eka-karyarat enginanchya karya gativar maryada hotee.
willans enginemadhye, strokechya shevati kushan itaranchya khalee atirikt air cylinderdware pradan kele gele hote. air pistonne trunk margdarshak mhanoonahi kaam kele. varchya dishene stroke kartana, enginechi jadatva tyachi halchal varchya dishene chaloo rahate aanee pudhil stroke suru honyapurvi anyatha tyala mage taknyasarkhe kahihi nasate. bund havah nalaka trunk margdarshak pistonchya varr sankuchit havah dashpot mhanoon karya karate.
madhyavarti spindle zadap.
engineche sarvat vaishishtyapurn vaishishtya mhanje tyacha madhyavarti spindle zadap. pratyek sanyug cylindermadhye vafechya praveshavar niyantran thevun, heey eka bahu-stariy piston zadap mhanoon kaam karat asey. asamanyapane zadap nalakachya thokyat kinwa zadapamadhye kaam karnyaivaji pokal piston rodd kinwa trunkmadhye kaam karat asey. yaa pokal piston rodney serve cylinder jodale aanee bandaranni teey yantrabaddha kele hote.
zadap sakriy karnara zadapgayan atishay sopa hota. pratyek pistanmadhye done samantar jodanare rodd hote, jeey ekach crank jaalyanmadhye vegalya crankpin niyatkalikanvar kaam karat hote. done crankpinsmadhil vilakshantemule madhyavartiritya basavalelya zadap spindla aanakhi eka chhotya jodana rodney chalavale. zadap rodla tyanchya darmyan jaau denyachi garaj asalyamule, pistanmadhye eka thru pinaivaji done overhung stub gajan piin hote.
vishisht ghumat asalelya topyandware piston rodd trunkchya varchya bhagala inlet vafecha puravatha keela jaat asey. jarr engine nishchit cutoffsathi asel tarr inlet steam keval zadap aanee trankdware niyantrit kelee jaat asey. jithe chull cutoffcha vapar karayacha hota, heey agadi sahajpane koneey bandaransah firana collardware sadhya kele gele hote, jeey trunkmadhil bandaranna aachchhadit karatat aanee tyamule tyanchi vel niyantrit karatat.
vangan.
willans engineche vangan heey bund crankkessmadhun splash karoon kele jaat asey. heey teel aanee paanee yanchya mishranane bharalele hote. ghanibhoot padarthatoon atirikt paanee sathat asatana teey crankkessmadhun baher kadhale jaat asey, parantu enginemadhye cylinder aanee crankcase darmyan vegalya granthi navhatya, tyanchya darmyan nichara jaaga hotee, jee carrell, bellis aanee morcom kinwa galli aanee mckellen (nantarche prahari) injindware vaparali jaat hotee.
maghar.
pahilya mahayuddhanantar vilansachi injine haloohaloo done karananmule vaparat aalee naheet.
pratham, bellis aanee morcom yanni pudhe uchch-gatiche engine vikasit kele. 1890 madhye tyanni teel pump aanee saktichya vangan pranalicha shodh lavala jyamule ulatya bharakhali berringchya gadgadatane samasya sodavali. yamule tyanna duheri-abhinay karnari injine tayar karata aalee jee ekal-abhinayapeksha adhik sankshipt hotee. jethe eka cylinder engine lahan julya cylinder enginechi jaaga gheu shakate, heey dekhil eka upayukt kharch bachat hotee. jaree vafeche kahee sanch 1980chya dashkaparyant changlya prakare vaparale jaat rahile, taree heey jawaljawal serve bellis aanee morkam duheri-abhinay prakar hote.
dusare mhanje, veej nirmitichi vaadh aanee rashtriy greedchya vikasamule pahilya pidhitil lahan sthanik kendranaivaji qamee, mothya utpadan kendranna anukulata midali. heey mothe prakalp mothya vafechya turbinecha adhik karyakshamatene vapar karoo shakat hote aanee tyanchyasobat vaparlya jaananya guntaguntichya uchch-atiushna panyachya-nalichya boilerna paravadu shakat hote.
samaan injine.
caralche engine.
carrell engine, jeey saa days motairsney bhavyapane tayar kele aahe. sclessin-lease, belgiumche brewett carrell heey vilansasarkhech hote. tyat done teey aath yaa sankhyanmadhye jodalelya cylinderchi samaan mandani vaparali gelee. tidekhil duheri aanee tiheri vistarasathi bandhanyat aalee hotee. willans enginepramanech tyat eka-karyarat cylinder vaparale gele aanee willans air-kushan trunk margdarshak dekhil vaparale gele. heey firatya zadapanche asalyamule tyachya zadapanchya rachnet farak hota. pratyek jodya cylindermadhye eka samayik rotarii zadap hotee, jee ardhya-gatichya bevel giyardware chalavali jaat asey. padget lokomotivapramanech, zadap cast-lokhandi hotya aanee nalakachya aat phosphor kansya bahoot chaalat asat. zadap aanee cylinder tappyatappyane kaam karane aavashyak asalyane, bandare duplicate kelee jaatat. ekoon fayda mhanje resheey zadap vegat ghat. asha firatya zadapancha anekada yaa kalat prayatna keela gela, parantu kvachitach yashasvi jhaala. yaa velee vangan katheen hote aanee jarr zadapanna pakadayache nasel tarr atiushnata maryadit hotee.
paxmanche pichche paytant engine.
peach paytant' engine colchesterchya davy, paxman andd kampanidware tayar kele gele hote, jyanni 1895 teey 1913 darmyan tyapaiki 260 tayar kele. james courthop pichane yapurvi ferichya kamat kaam vyavasthapak mhanoon willans aanee robinsonsathi kaam kele hote. janewari 1892 madhye tyanni willans sodale aanee 1893 madhye tyanni james paxman yanchyashi tyanchya swatachya hye-speed single-acting enginechya rachnesah sampark sadhala. nantar teey vilansmadhye paratale, 1904 madhye companyche sanchalak jhaale, jeey aata ragbimadhye aahet aanee 1908 paryant vyavasthapakiy sanchalak jhaale.
peach enginela aanakhi eka-karyasheel tandam sanyug manale jaat asey, jaree tyat nalakachi asamanya rachana hotee. uchch aanee qamee dabachya nalakanche madhyam praman samanya hote, tyanna vegale karnyasathi nehamichya granthishivay. uchch daab asalela piston khalchya dishene aanee qamee daab asalela piston varchya dishene karya karato. niyantrak nall' mhanoon olakhalya jaananya pistonmadhil jaaga anshatah uchch daab asalelya nalkapasoon tapp kelelya vaphene bharali jaate. jevha piston varchya dishene sarakatat tevha heey sankuchit kele jaate, tyamule teey vilansachya air-kushanpramanech karya karate.
cylinderchya mage asalelya piston zadpanvar radial zadapgarachya eka prakaradvare kaam kele jaat asey, jeey jodana roddware chalavale jaat hote.
vafechya enginesathi asamanyapane, parantu eka-karyarat enginesathi kahee pramanat fayadeshir, peach heey eka nirjantukikaran engine hote. crankshaft aanee piston aksh kinchit qamee karoon, crosshead shakti sampoorn karyachakrat enginechya mageel bajus rahili. eka-karya tattvapramanech, shaktinchya yaa sthir dishene compan aanee ghasaghis qamee honyas madat jhaali.
vachalele.
vilansah yaa mothya vidyut nirmiti engines kahee udaharane tikoon aahet. vidnyan sangrahalayatil agadi lahan udaharanasah kahee udaharane ajunahi astitvat aahet. heey 450 aar. pii. emm. varr 10 kilowatche engine aahe aanee tyachya mool dvidhruvi dynamochya bajula pradarshit kele jaate. mothya enginemadhun ekach nalkanda dekhil pradarshit keela jaato, vibhagalela ("bhram".").
1901, 140 bii. etch. pii. chaa teen cylinder nirmiti sanch 1957 madhye londonmadhil maple furniturechya dukanatoon nivrutt karnyat aala aanee ragbimadhil mool willans karkhanyat pradarshit karnyat aala. 2011 madhye yala abhiyantriki varsa puraskarane manyata denyat aalee. 2017 madhye teey antargat aag-west velsmadhil shakti sangrahalayat hastantarit karnyat aale.
teen-cylinder, done-tappyanche engine vidnyan aanee tantradnyan sangrahalayatil catalonia (emm. aine. aii. tii. eae. see.) madhye jatan kele aahe.