
meey kranticha itihas

meey kranticha aitihasik abhyas 19vya shatkachya uttaradhat argentinamadhye suru jhaala aanee too aadhunik kalaparyant vistarla aahe. serve aitihasik drushtikon meey krantila aadhunik argentine rashtrala janm denara nirnayak tappa mananyas sahmat aahet aanee 1810 madhye kranti apariharya hotee. argentinachya itihaskaranmadhil asahmatiche mukhya vishay meey krantichya vividh karananche vishisht vajan aahet, jeey vividh sahbhagi pakshanmadhye tyache nete hote, jevha jevha tyala lokpriy pathimba hota kinwa navhata aanee jevha jevha bandee ghalanyat aalelya spanish raja ferdinand VII shhee nishtha vastavik hotee kinwa swatantrya samarthak hetu lapavanyasathi eka vistrut veshbhusha hotee.
vastusthitichi chinta.
itihaskaranna anek shanka kinwa adnyat tapashilanna samore jaave lagat nahee. sarvat mahattvache tapasheel tyaveli yogyaritya nondavale gele hote aanee primera juntaedware deshbhaktipar prachar mhanoon janatela upalabdh karoon denyat aale hote. yamule, yaa vishayache vegvegale aitihasik drushtikon, ghatanechya varnanachya achukatepeksha, ghatananche arth, karane aanee parinamanchya vyakhyanvar bhinn aahet. krantikari ghatananchi aadhunik aitihasik drushti samkalin ghatananpeksha lakshaniyaritya vegali nahee.
keval vastusthitiche vishay apure rahatat teey mhanje khulya kakshat kelele uddharan aanee bhashane kinwa sysnerosus prekshak, kaaran thevalele uddharan pratilekhan kinwa dhvanimudranatun yet naheet tarr anek varshannantar lihilelya aathvaninmadhun kinwa maukhik paramparetoon yetat. aanakhi eka vadgrast vishay mhanje operation planche astitva kinwa nahee, haah eka gupt dastaivaj aahe joou kathitpane mariano morenone lihila aahe aanee primera juntala tyachi uddishte sadhya karnyasathi kathor marg tayar karato. tyache samarthak asey manatat qee teey suntiago dii linierschya amalbajavanisarkhya juntaene kelelya krutinshi susangat aahe, tarr virodhak yala europemadhil tyachya sarvajanik pratimela haanee pohochavanyasathi krantichya shatrune keleli sahityik banavatpana manatat.
haah charchecha vishay aahe, joou khulya cabildochya parinamanche anusaran karnyaivaji sysnerosus eka junta tayar karanyachi karane hotee. itihaskar digo abad dii santilan asey manatat qee, jaree too khulya cabildo matat parabhoot jhaala asala taree, bhagidar kinwa sanlagnansah viceroyla sattet thevanyachya benito lyu vaay rigachya prastavala yaa sutrane pratisad deela. abad dii santilan assa yuktivad karatat qee yaa sutramule lobbystsna vishvas basala qee teey kranticha vadhata dhoka rokhu shakatat. dusarikade, felix luna asey manate qee, serve sambandhit pakshanna kahitari manya karoon, madhyam upay nivadoon, pudhil sangharsh talhanyasathi haah eka prayatna hota. sisneros padavar raheel, parantu creolosasobat satta vatoon gheil.
konatya vyaktine kinwa gatane primera juntachya sadasyancha nirnay ghetala heey dekhil aspasht aahe. vicent fidel lopez yanchyasarkhya udarmatvadi itihaskaranpramanech, savendra tyachya aatmacharitranmadhye assa dawa karatat qee, heey keval lokpriy upkramache utpadan hote. itihaskar felix luna yanchyasarkhya itaranna vatate qee haah prastav sambandhit rajkiy aanee vaicharik pakshanmadhil samtol asha patalivar darshavito qee too keval sudharit lokpriy upkramacha parinam manla jaau shakat nahee. prastavit adhyaksh, savedra yanni krantimadhye nirnayak hastakshep keela aanee tyat sahbhagi asalelya serve pakshanmadhye tyanchi pratishtha hotee. juan jose paso, manuel belgrano, juan jose castelli aanee mariano moreno heey dnyanachya yugane prabhavit vakeel hote aanee pahile teen jann karloti prakalpache majee samarthak hote. juan lareya aanee domingo mathyu heey kahee mahattvachya vyavsayik upkramanmadhye guntalele dweepkalp hote. morenopramanech teey doghehi martin dii alzagache samarthak hote. miguel dii azquenaga haah uchch samajatil sampark asalela eka lashkari manus hota aanee pujari manuel alberty heey khalchya padrinchya aakankshanche pratinidhitva karat asat. laas brevas maduras' yaa tyachya pustakat miguel engel seenana sangato qee, 'assa samtol haah yogayogacha kinwa sthanik sandarbhabaheril prabhavacha parinam asoo shakat navhata, tarr tyat sahbhagi asalelya pakshanchya tadjodicha parinam asoo shakala asata. donhi lekhak haah siddhant nakartat qee juntachi rachana britishanni suchavali asavi; tyasathi vel navhata aanee asha babinvar prabhav taknyaitke mahattvache british lock buenos ermadhye navhate. shevati, sainyane juntachi nivad karanyachi kalpana ashakya aahe; juntache adhyaksh mhanoon savedra upasthit asoonahi, too lashkari junta navhata; tyache bahusankhya sadasya nagrik hote. tyahunahi adhik, tyat mariano morenocha samavesh hota, jyachi savedrasobatchi shatrutva 1809chya ayashasvi bandapasoonchi hotee.
itihaslekhan.
krantibaddal lihinare pahile lock, tyateel bahutek mukhya patra hote, jeey aathvani, charitra kinwa dindarshika lihit asat. tathapi, tyanchya krutee aitihasik goshtinvyatirikt itar hetundware prerit hotya, jase qee tyanchya krutinchi karane spasht karane, tyanchya sarvajanik pratima swachchh karane kinwa tyaa kalatil sarvajanik vyaktimatvanna kinwa kalpananna tyancha pathimba kinwa nakar vyakt karane. udaharanarth, manuel morenone tyacha bhau mariano yache charitra europemadhil kranticha prachar mhanoon vaparale aanee cornelio savedra yane tyache aatmcharitra asha eka kshani lihile jevha tyachya pratimevar khoop prashnachinh upasthit kele gele hote, tyachya mulansamor swatache samarthan karnyasathi. tyaa likhananmadhye samayik kelele kahee mudde mhanje british aakramanancha spasht purvavarti mhanoon ullekh, krantichya suruvatichya tappyatil ahinsak swarupabaddalacha abhiman, argentinachya yadavi yuddhachya nantarchya ghadamodinna nakar aanee ghatana heey rajala sopavalele sarvbhaumatva parat midvane asey varnan.
argentinachya itihasachya vyakhyechi pahili ullekhaneey aitihasik shaala bartolom mitra yanni tyanchya 'historiya dii belgrano vaay dii laa indipendencia argentine' yaa pustakat sthapan kelee hotee. mitranni meey krantila rajkiy samatavad, aadhunik swatantrya aanee spanish rajeshahidware pratinidhitva kelelya dadapshahimadhil sangharsh aanee kaudilochya netrutvachya viruddha ghatanatmak tattvanvar rashtriy sanghatana sthapan karnyacha prayatna hii eka pratishthit abhivyakti manale. 1810 purvi argentine rashtra astitvat hote aanee toparyant teey spanish adhikaanyaanee aaplya tabyat thewale hote, ashee kalpana mitrane mandali.
darmyan, esteban icheveria heey pragati aanee lokshahichya sankalpananmadhil mechya aadarshanche prateek hote. bhavishyat, yaa sankalpana tyaa aksh asateel jyabhovati mechya ghatananchya sandarbhat sanshodhanvadi itihas pramanit itihasapeksha vegala asel. manyataprapt aavruttine pragaticha dawa keela aanee samajachya aarthik samruddhila dhoka naan nirman karnyasathi lokshahi aadarshanchya praptila vilamb karane kinwa tyakade durlaksh karane yogya tharvile, assa yuktivad keela qee tarihi teey rajkiy swatantryacha yogya fayda gheu shakale naheet. hii paristhiti 'sambhavya prajasattakachi sthapana' mhanoon olakhali jaat hotee."mitra aanee icheveria' 37 pidhicha bhag hote, krantichya kalatach janmalelya aanee tyanantar nirman jhalelya sthanik sandarbhat tayar jhalelya pranayramya lekhakancha eka gut. tyaa lekhakanni keval bauddhik kshetrat kaam kele nahee, tarr tyaeivaji tyanchya kalatil rajkiy ghatananmadhye sakriy bhag ghetala aanee governor juan manuel dii rosas yanna tivra virodh keela. teey sangharajyavadyanpeksha ekatmakanchya adhik jawal hote, parantu purnapane ekatma navhteh tyanna vatale qee europe kinwa americet nirman jhalelya naveen kalpana thet lagoo karane purese nahee, tarr tyaeivaji tyanna sthanik sandarbhanshi julavun ghene purese aahe. spanish kinwa aadivasi sanskratinna nakar dilyane teey deshachya janmache chinh mhanoon meey krantichi nivad karatat.
19vya shatakachi shevatchi varshe aanee 20vya shatkachya suruvatis argentinamadhye vadhatya audhyogikikaran prakriyemule aanee mothya sankhyene europeey sthalantaritanchya aagamanane chinhankit kele gele. rashtriy olakh" nirman karnyasathi "naveen aitihasik shaala" dware aitihasik abhyas vadhavanyat aala aanee meey krantila mothe mahatva hote. meey krantichi anek karane pratyakshat kitee prabhavi hotee kinwa jyanche hastakshep sarvat nirnayak hote, tyaa patalibaddal charcha jhaali, parantu serve itihaskaranni samayik kelele done mudde hote, meey krantila argentinacha janm manane aanee tyakade nenanya karanancha apariharya parinam manane (mhanje, meey kranti kadhihi naan honyachi shakyata itihaskarankadun vyavharya shakyata manali jaat nahee). eka sookshm badal dekhil jhalah abhyasacha vishay mhanoon krantichi vyapti moolatah meey 1810 chya buenos ermadhil ghatananpasun "suru jhaali" aanee anek dashake chaloo rahili. nantar teey vibhajit jhaale aanee 'meey revolution' yaa navane keval asha ghatanancha sandarbh deela jyamule sisneros kadhoon taknyat aala aanee primera juntachi nirmiti jhaali. tyaa itihaskaranni jodalela eka naveen ghatak mhanje, jevha jevha krantila sakriy aanee bhakkam lock pathimba asel, tevha keval maryadit sankhyene prabuddh purushanchya krutimbaddal spashtikaran denyaeivaji, yaa kalpanela samarthan dene kinwa nakarane. tathapi, tyanni bahutansh vela purviche marg palale.
19vya shatkachya akheris jhalelya shaikshanik ekmatavar prashnachinh upasthit houu lagale, jevha mahayuddhanchya kalat udarmatvadane aapale purviche varchasva gamavale aanee facism aanee davya vicharsarani mahattvachya jhalya. udarmatvadane eka antim aanee nirvivad aitihasik drushtikon ladanyacha prayatna keela, jaree ricardo leven aanee 'national academy auph histree'. yaa vichardharene mitranche bahutansh drushtikon thewale. davya vicharsaranichya lekhakanni rashtravad aanee samrajyavadvirodhi tattvavar aadharit sanshodhanvadi nirmiti karoon yala virodh keela. tathapi, swatantryaladhyabarobar jaast kaam naan karata, sudharanavadi pramukhyane juan manuel dii rosas, justo jose dii urkiza, domingo fostino sermiento kinwa swatah mitra yanchya itihaslekhanasaha kaam kartil aanee kharey tarr jose dii sann martinla donhi shailinni samaan pathimba deela hota. taridekhil, tyanni creolo aanee dweepkalpanmadhil sangharshachya kalpanevar bharr deela aanee tyaeivaji tyache varnan udarmatvad aanee nirankushvad yanchyatil sangharsh asey kele. facist lekhak hugo wast yanni yaa krantiche varnan lashkari netyanni kelela lashkari uthav aanee jithe loksankhya purnapane sahbhagi navhati asey kele.
meey krantichya 150vya vardhapan dinanimitt udarmatvadi aanee sanshodhanvadi itihaslekhananna ekmekanviruddha adhik tivra virodh asalyache aadhalale. corientsche senator jeey. annibal davila yanni junya kagadpatranchya punarujjivanas protsahan dile jenekarun "argentinachya itihasvirodhi hetu sadhyachya pidhyanna, janatela aanee yuvakanna dishabhul karananya ghoshanansah gondhalat takanar naheet". jose maria rosa hii kranti janatene kelee hotee aanee itihas khote tharvu pahana udarmatvadi itihaskaranni itar vyaktinni tyanchi chhaya kadhali hotee asey sangoon pratikriya deil. rosachya drushtikonas samajat mothee sweekruti midali aanee sadhya tee argentinachya aitihasik samanya buddhicha bhag aahet.
1970chya dashkaparyant, tulio halperin dongi kinwa jose carlos chiramonte yanchyasarkhya lekhakanni sthanik aanee aantarrashtriy sandarbhanche aanee krantikarkankade asalelya sambhavya paryayanche tapshilvar vishleshan karoon, meey krantibaddal qamee paripoorn drushtikon denyacha prayatna keela, jyat kranti haah itar anekanmadhye eka paryay hota.
vaad.
krantikari uddishte.
25 meey roji sthapan jhalelya sarkarla padchyut spanish raja ferdinand sahavyashi nishthavan ghoshit karnyat aale hote, parantu ashee nishtha kharee hotee qee nahee yavar itihaskar sahmat naheet. kharey tarr, anek itihaskar asey manatat qee ashee nishtha hii keval vastusthiti svayatta midvinyasathichi rajkiy fasavanuk hotee. primera juntane spainchya rajpratinidhitva sallagar aanee ajunahi karyarat asalelya spanish rajeshahichi sanstha indijashi nishtha darshavili nahee aanee 1810 madhye napolean bonapartcha parabhav houn ferdinand sinhasanavar parat yenyachi shakyata (jeey shevati velenchechya tahavar swakshari karoon 11 december 1813 roji hoil) ajunahi durvar aanee ashakya vatat hotee. rajtantra adhikar ajunahi aadaraniy hota aanee konatihi kranti jhaali nahee yaa aadharavar, krantimule houu shakananya pratikriya talhat, deshbhaktipar karyachi sthitee majboot karnyasathi vel midvane haah yaa fasavanukicha uddesh asata. yaa yuktila 'ferdinand VII chaa mukhavata' mhanoon olakhale jaate aanee yala primera junta, junta grande aanee pahilya aanee dusya trikutane kayam thewale asate. iyatta 16 vya varshichya vidhansabhecha uddesh swatantrya ghoshit karane haah hota, parantu tyachya sadasyanmadhil itar rajkiy sangharshanmule teey tase karnyat ayashasvi tharale; tathapi, tyane adhikrut kagadpatranmadhun ferdinand VII chaa ullekh dabla. 1816 chya swatantryachya ghoshaneparyant sarvoch sanchalakanni dvidha manahsthiti balgali.
britainsathi haah badal anukool hota, kaaran spenne tyanchya vasahatinvar rakhalelya ekadhikaramule adthala naan yeta yaa bhagatil shaharanshi vyapar sulabh jhaala. tathapi, brittonne europemadhil fransviruddhachya yuddhala pradhanya dile, spanish urja kshetrashi yutee kelee jee adyap sadar kelee gelee navhati aanee american swatantratavadi chalvalinna pathimba dett asalyache disat navhate kinwa spainche lashkari laksh done vegvegalya aaghadyanmadhye vibhagale jaau dett navhate. parinami, tyanni swatantryapradarshane spasht naan karnyasathi jore deela. haah dabav reo dii janeirochya darbaratil british rajdoot laurd strongfordne aanala hota, jyane juntala pathimba darshavala hota, parantu sharti dilee hotee...jarr vartan susangat asel aanee teey bhandwal shree. yanchya vatine rakhoon thewale asel. dii. aine. fernando VII aanee tyache vaidh uttaradhikari."tathapi, buenos ires, montevideo aanee artigas yanchyatil pudhil sangharshanmule british aaghadit, strongford aanee portugij rajpratinidhi johnn vhee auph portugal yanchyat antargat sangharsh jhaala.
juan bottista albardipasoon, norberto gallaso, louis romero kinwa jose carlos chiaramonte yanchyasarkhya nantarchya itihaskaranna mitrane kelelya vyakhyevar shanka hotee aanee tyanni vegalya vyakhyechi rachana kelee. albardi yanni vichar keela qee, "argentinachi kranti haah hyspanoamerican kranticha eka adhyay aahe, joou spanish kranticha aahe aanee haah dekhil european kranticha aahe."tyanni yala swatantratavad aanee vasahatvad yanchyatil vivad manale nahee, tarr tyaeivaji naveen swatantryavadi kalpana aanee nirankushvad yanchyatil vivad, spenshee sambandh todanyachya hetushivay, parantu tyat sudharana karnyachya hetune manale. tyamule, tyaeivaji tyat gruhyuddhanchi vaishishtye asateel. yaa kalpanela samarthan denare kahee mudde mhanje lareya, matheau aanee belgrano yancha juntamadhye samavesh aanee nantar jose dii sann martincha udayah lareya aanee matheau heey spanish hote, belgranone spainmadhye anek varshe abhyas keela aanee sann martinne tyache praudh ayushya aataparyant spainmadhye frenchviruddha yuddh karat jagale hote. jevha sann martin shatrumbaddal bolat asey, tevha tyanni tyanna 'rajgharane' kinwa 'goth' mhatale, parantu kadhihi 'spanish' nahee.
tyaa itihaskaranchya matey, nirankushateviruddhachi spanish kranti dweepkalpiy yuddhat misalali gelee. charles 4 kadey eka nirankush raja mhanoon pahile jaat asey aanee tyachya vadilanchya virodhat ubhe rahoon anek spanish lokanna hii chukichi samaj midali qee ferdinand 7 vya naveen prabuddh kalpanambaddal sahanubhooti darshavitat. asha prakare, ferdinand VII chya navane americet jhalelya kranti (udaharanarth meey kranti, chukvisaka kranti kinwa chilimadhil kranti) naveen kalpanankhali kelelya itar sarvangin shaktichya jaagi nirankush shakti aananyacha prayatna karat asateel. jaree spain franceshee yuddh karat asala, taree french krantichya (swatantrya, samanata aanee bandhutva) aadarshancha tyaa lokanni ajunahi aadar keela. tathapi, tyaa kranti swatahla nepolianche shatru mhanoon ghoshit karat hotya, parantu tyanna konatyahi sakriy french lashkari hallyacha samna karava lagla nahee, jyamule tyaeivaji naveen rakhanyachi junie vyavastha rakhanyasathi spanish sainyat ladhayanna chalana midali. nepoliyanchya antim parabhavamule aanee ferdinand VII chya sinhasanavar paratanyane hii paristhiti badalali asatee, kaaran tyane nirankushadhikarala punarsanchayit kele aanee spainmadhil naveen swatantryavadi kalpanancha chhal keela. dakshin americetil lokansathi, spanish samrajyacha bhag mhanoon rahanyachi kalpana, parantu matrubhoomishi naveen sambandh thevun, aata vyavharya paryay rahila naheeh yaa tappyavar ekmev paryay urala asata too mhanje nirankushadhikarakade kinwa swatantratekade paratane.
kagadpatre.
cornelio savedra yanni 27 juuna 1811 pasoonchya patrat juan jose viamonte yanchyashi yaa muddyavar khajgipane charcha kelee, jyat maximo dii zamudio yanni swatantrateche dnyat pradarshan yasarkhya vishayanna sambodhit kele. tyanantar heey patra vachavanyat aale. tyat, englandne tyanchyavar yuddh ghoshit karnyapasoon rokhanyasathi eka fasavanuk mhanoon tyanni paristhiticha spashtapane ullekh keela.
dusarikade, swatantryachya ghoshanenantar eka varshahoon adhik kalanantar, 1817 madhye tukumanchya congressne jahirnama jaaree keela. tyat spanish lokanni kelele durupyog aanee purvi vaparlya gelelya futiratavadachya sandhincha tapasheel denyat aala hota. arthat, ekada swatantrya jaheer jhaale qee, pudhe samarpan karanyachi veshbhusha thevanyachi garaj bhasali nasati. meey krantichya vishisht prakaranat, teey mhanate keeh
sahbhagi gut.
krantila pathimba denare kinwa tee rabavanare gut tyanchya uddeshat purnapane ekroop navhate aanee anekanche ekatra vegvegale hitsambandh hote. moreno, castelli, belgrano aanee paso yanni junta yethe pratinidhitva kelelya purogami creolo aanee tarunanna durgami rajkiy, aarthik aanee samajik sudharananchi ichcha hotee. shivay, jyaa sainyache aanee nokarshahanche vichar savedrane pudhe nele hote, tyanna keval paddharkanche nutanikaran havey hote, spanish lokanna sattechya ananya vaparatoon kadhoon takanyachi ichcha hotee, parantu tyanna tyanche visheshadhikar aanee adhikar varshane midale. vyapari aanee jamindar rajkiy mudde aarthik nirnayanchya adheen karat asat, visheshtah englandbarobar vyapar suru karnyachya kinwa naan karnyachya sandarbhat. shevati, kahee gatanni rajpratinidhitva parishadechya adhikarala portugalchya charlot kinwa british rajgharanyashi badalanyachya shakyatanmadhye badal keela, parantu asha prakalpancha maryadit parinam jhaala aahe. yaa gatanni sisnerosla sattevarun hakaloon denyachya samaan dhyeyasathi ekatra kaam kele, parantu primera junta nishchit jhalyanantar tyanni tyanche antargat matbhed vyakt karnyas suruvat kelee.
krantimadhye konatehi dharmik ghatak sahbhagi navhteh serve krantikarak aanee rajgharanevadi kaithalikvadala pathimba denyas sahmat jhaale. tarihi, bahutek charchchya netyanni krantila virodh keela. varchya perut rajgharanyatil aanee dharmik adhikaanyaanee krantikarakanchi tulana vidharmi lokanshi karnyacha prayatna keela, parantu krantikari netyanni nehmich dharmik pailunmadhye tadjodichi dhorane pudhe aanali. udaharanarth, mariano morenone samajik kararache spanish bhashet bhashantar kele, parantu dharmavar teeka karnare adhyay bajula sarle. matra, pujari aanee bhikshu bhaugolikdrushtya vibhagale gele hoteh "khaloon aalele" prant krantila nishthavan hote, tarr varchya peruche prant rajeshahila nishthavan rahnyas pradhanya dett hote.