kombadyachi krutee

pahilya mahayuddhat paschim aaghadivar yapresachya yapresachya ladhaidarmyan, 19 august 1917 roji kombadyachi karvai jhaali. langemarkchya ladhait (august 1917) hote (dakshin madhyabhag) vibhag (mejar-general robbert fanceshay) aanee XVII corpschya brigade (uttar) vibhag (mejar general heinry davies) chya payadalala tyanchya uddishtanpeksha khoopach qamee velet rokhanyat aale hote. britishanna blockhouseschya german sainyadalane aanee aanee german bachavatmak sthanavaril) pillbox chaukyanni padale hote. 17 august roji pachva lashkari commander general hubert guff yane bolavalelya parishadet, guff aanee corps kamandaranni 25 august roji aanakhi eka samanya hallyasathi eka changlya jump-auph resheparyant pohochanyasathi vividh thikani sthanik halle karanyachi vyavastha kelee.
xix corps aanee xviii corpschya kamandaranna davya bajula asalelya XIV corpschya dhartivar yenyasathi, sumare pudhe jaanyache aadesh denyat aale hote; aanakhi dakshinekadil II corps 22 august roji inverness cops tabyat ghenar hote. 19 august roji, pahilya taakee brigedchya paach takya tutalya kinwa vahoon gelya; itar saat jann seent julien-poelkapel rastyavarun dhumadyachya barragechya mage pudhe gele, tyancha aavaj qamee qamee british vimananni dabla. rangadyannantar 1/8 vya bataliyanchya, royal warwickshire regimentchya tukadya, majboot bindu aanee golichya petivar kabja karnyas tayar hotya kaaran tyanchya chhavanivar rangadyanni maat kelee hotee.
bahutek golichya peteet, german rahivasi talav pahatach mage hutley; trikon shetavar aanee kombadyanchya sheteet, sumare tees purushanna qaid karoon gheuun, sanrakshn dall tyanchya jaminivar ubhe rahile. done takya padnyat aalya aanee done karmchari thaar jhaale aanee 13 teey 14 jakhami jhaale; pandhra shahee varvik dekhil jakhami jhaale. 1996 madhye, prear aanee willson yanni lihile qee yaa paddhatichi punaravrutti karane katheen hote aanee tyamule takyanpasun avastav apeksha nirman jhalya. 2017 madhye, nick lloyd yanni lihile qee haah hallah "chaturya aanee kalpanashaktitil eka ullekhaneey vyayam" hota jyamule tank corpsche manobal vadhale.
parshvabhoomi.
german bachavatmak davpech.
julai 1917 madhye, german chauthya sainyachya (sixt wonn armine) sakhol sanrakshn pranalichi suruvat teen chhatichya kamanchya samoril pranaline jhaali, sumare vegalya, pratyek aaghadichya tukadichya chaar kampanyanni tainat kelelya, noow-mann-landmadhye shravan-chaukya. (dusari kinwa tofkhana snrakshak resha), pudhe yuddh kshetrachi mageel seema (), jawalpas mage hotee. samarthanat asalelya sumare tukadyanchi (suraksha dall) majboot-bindu thevanyasathi vibhagani karnyat aalee hotee, urvarit (tufan sainya) tyanchya dishene pathimagoon pratyuttar denyasathi hote. sarvangin sanrakshanasathi tayar kelelya machineganchya gharatyanchya eka ranget (strongpoint line) reshesamor vibhagiy (machinegan sashastr gunakar) vikhurlele hote. mukhya yuddh kshetracha () samoril bhag dekhil chinhankit keela gela joou sumare khol hota, jyamadhye (ground holding vibhag) chya maidani tofkhanacha bahutansh bhag hota, jyachya mage yuddhkshetra hote. golyanchya peteet aaghadichya tukadyanchya rakheev tukadya hotya, jyaa vibhagiy rakheev mhanoon mage thevanyat aalya hotya, jyaa pratiaakraman karnyas tayar hotya.
langemarkchi ladhai.
langemarkchya ladhait (16-18 august), XVIII corps (leftnunt-general iver max) neey 48 vya (dakshin madhya pradesh) vibhagachya 145 vya brigade aanee 11 vya (uttar) vibhagachya 34 vya brigades aath takyanchya pathimbyane hallah keela hota. talavanna rastyanpasun door thevanyache aadesh denyat aale hote, parantu pudhchya ranget jaanyacha marg itka khadkal hota qee talav radd karoon parat pathvanyat aale. 145 vya brigedne akheris seent julienchya uttar tokavaril shevatche ghar tabyat ghetale, chalis kaidi aanee eka machinegan ghetali. pudhe jaane punha suru jhaale; pahili laat ghodyachya mankyachya purvekadil unchivar jaat asatana, tee tekadichya shetatoon aanee tyapalikade crossfiremadhye adakali. simevaril ghar aanee bandukiche khadde, ishanyekadil donhi bajunna seent. julien-winnipeg rasta tabyat ghenyat aala; pudhe jaanyacha prayatna mahagade ayashasvi tharale. springfieldchya shetat pohochalele paksh gayab jhaale aanee 145 vya brigedla tras jhaala 
145 vya brigedne gavapasoon bandukiche khadde, jyoo tekadi aanee simavarti gharaparyantchya margavar ektrit kele. german sainyane trikon shetamadhye gardi kelee aanee bandukichya khaddyanvar andharala pratikar kelyanantar aanee trikon shetatoon jhalelya pratihallachya velee parabhoot jhalyanantar jhalyanantar pratihallachya velee ayashasvi pratihalla keela. hote (dakshin madhya pradesh) vibhagachya viruddha bajus asalelya aanee trikon farmmadhil germananni germananni brigade, brigade (uttar) divisioncha ujavikade enfiledmadhye pakadala kaaran teey pillboxwaroon tyachya samorun golibar kele jaat hote. 34 vya brigedne hanixbirche shet aanee jawalche smashanbhoomi tabyat ghetale parantu barrage gamavale aanee kombadi aanee buloche shet tabyat ghenyat asamarth tharale. ujavikade, sainyane purvekade tond aanee trikon shetamadhye khodkam kele aanee davikade, shvetgruh aanee titarchya shetasamor, langemarkchya ishanyes, brigedne khodkam kele, german tofkhana-golibarala samore gelyane, purvekade unch jaminivar nirikshakanchya nirdeshanusar, langemarkchya palikade naveen resha dharoon asalelya british sainyavar anek jivitahani jhaali.
pachve sainya.
mejar-general oliver nugentne nugentne [alster] vibhagane) nondavale qee german tofkhana german forward zonmadhye british sainyachi aagekuch karat bombfake karoo shakat navhata, jyamadhye german sanrakshanatmak sthan halake thewale gele hote aanee kholvar vitarit kele gele hote. tyanantar tyanantar british sainyachya pragatila adthala aanane khoop sope hote; jaree teey german banduka dadapanyat ayashasvi tharale asale taree, aaghadichya payadalala madat karane heey heey roji golibarapeksha adhik mahattvache hote. pahije; barragemadhye nugentla qamee maidani banduka havya hotya aanee atirikt rakkam sweeping barrage (bajula-bajula) phayar karnyasathi vaparali jaat hotee. kavchatil chhidranchya aateel bhagala dhadakanyasathi, varchya bajula futanyasathi, shapnelchya kavachanna phugavale pahije; pahije; kavachanna haloohaloo, adhikadhik lamb viramansah, jyaa darmyan maidani tofkhana aanee 60-paund bandukanchya kavachanna bajula bajula zepavave lagate aanee shodh ghyava lagato (pudhe-mage).
payadalane chakmak reshanpasoon firatya companychya tukadyanmadhye badalave, jyat machine-gunn aanee stokes mortar susajj aahe, eka arund samorun pudhe jaane, kaaran chikhalyukt khandakanchya shetat chakmak resha avyavharya hotya aanee machine-ganchya golibarat tutalya. golichya petty pakadanyat madat karnyasathi takya british aaghadichya reshechya mage adakalya hotya aanee havamanamule, visheshtah suruvatila qamee dhag aanee vimanachya kamataratemule havai sahayya pratibandhit karnyat aale hote. prati dall eka viman prati-hallah gast ghalanyasathi aanee prati vibhag done vimane jaminivaril hallyasathi rakheev thevanyat aalee hotee; pachvya lashkari aaghadila cover karnyasathi aanee german prati-halle karnyasathi keval aath vimane upalabdh hotee. mahattvachya kshani sanket ayashasvi jhaale hote aanee payadalala tofkhana pathbalapasun vanchit thewale hote, jyamule germananna tofkhanyanche nirikshan hote tethe german prati-halle adhik prabhavi jhaale. jhaale (london) vibhagachya ahavalat shifaras karnyat aalee aahe qee, ektrikaranasathi adhik vel denyasathi aanee chikhalyukt jameen aanee olsar havamanamule roji sanghatanatmak aanee sanvadachya adachani qamee karnyasathi aagau rakmechi kholee qamee kelee jaavi. tofkhanyachya kamandaranni pratyek vibhagasathi done vimane magitali, keval pratiaakraman gast ghalanyasathi.
purvatayari qaraa.
british tayari.
langemarkchya ladhaidarmyan, german machine-gunnersney chaudavya corps frontchya blockhouses aanee pillbox chaukyanmadhil (hillock pharm, triangle pharm aanee britishansathi cockcraft) 48 vya (dakshin midland) vibhag aanee 11 vya (uttar) vibhagachya payadalala tyanchya uddishtanpeksha khoopach qamee golya ghatalya hotya. 17 august roji pachvya lashkari dalachya commanderansobat jhalelya parishadet, gafane takrar kelee qee sainya tabyat ghetaleli jameen tikavanyat apayashi tharale aahe aanee kahee aine. see. oo. aanee aanee court marshal karnyacha vichar keela. gafala asehi vatale qee vibhajan khoop varanvar shithil jhaale hote, jyamule hallyapurvi naveen vibhajan sampale hote. 16 august roji tyanche vibhag qamee padale hote, tyaa antim uddishtanparyant pohochanyasathi corps kamandaranna hallyancha prastav thevanyas sanganyat aale. leftnunt-general claude jacob (II corps) yanna tapkiri reshevar hallah karayacha hota aanee nantar pivali resha, leftnunt-general herbert wats (xix corps) yanna jambhalya reshevar hallah karayacha hota; max (xviii corps) yanni thipkedar jambhalya reshevar hallah karane pasant kele, xix corps pivalya reshevar hallah karanyachi tayari kelee.
karmchari nakashanvar chinhankit kelelya "reshanchya" bharpur sankhyevar prastavit halle 25 august roji II, XIX aanee XVII corpschya hallyasathi changlya udee marnyachya bindunparyant pohochanyacha hetu hota. vegvegalya thikani aanee vegvegalya velee hallah kelyane, tapshilvar parabhav honyacha dhoka hota; payadal chikhal aanee panyane bharalelya shale-chhidranmadhun sangharsh karat asatana german machine-gunnersna dadapanyat tofkhana puresa ayashasvi jhaala tarr payadalane vaparleli yukti aprasangik tharel. parishadedarmyan, 16 august roji jhalelya hallyatil paksh asalelya chaukya shodhanyasathi hote (dakshin madhya pradesh) vibhagachi gast springfield pharm aanee hillock farmchya dishene pudhe gelee. dakshinela chaukyanchi eka resha sapadali aanee tekadichya shetachya paschimes eka german chauki sapadali; springfieldjaval konatihi british chauki sapadali nahee. tolhine aaghadichya dalachi sthitee spasht kelee, jyamule pudhil hallyasathi british chaukyanchya jawal bombfake karane shakya jhaale.
xviii corps yojana.
langemarkchya yuddhanantar, XVII corps parisaratil british chauki marg seent julienchya purv aanee uttarela gela; tyapalikade, seent julien-poelkepal rasta aanee vayavyekade jaanara zonnebeke-langemark rasta, paar jhaala. rastyanni seent julienchya purvekade rastyasah eka trikon tayar keela, jyamule winnipeg strong pointvaril zonebeck-langemark rasta tutala. trikonachya bindupasoon aanakhi eka purv-paschim rasta hota. paschimekade, chauthya rastyajaval aanee pudhe uttares, zonebeke-langemark rastyaparyant, kombadya vagalata, uddishte trikonachya aat hotee. british tofkhanyanni german kille nasht karnyache anek prayatna kele hote; maidani bandukichi tof aprabhavi hotee aanee judd tofkhana achook navhata.
16 august roji koradya kalala suruvat jhaali hotee aanee kahee kille rastyanjaval hote, jeey german lokanni changlya sthiteet thewale hote, jyamule talavanna tyanchyavar chalvane aanee majboot bindu jodane shakya jhaale. eka tatbandi asaleli shet imarat, jyat ainshi lokanchi chhawani hotee aanee kombadya, aanakhi eka tatbandi asalele shet, tyahunahi adhik; trikon aanee tekadyanchi shete kahishi lahan hotee. maxla hote (dakshin madhya pradesh) vibhagatil brigadier-general (gerald sladen, herbert dood aanee donald waut) yanni majboot bindunvar hallah karanyachi apeksha karnyas sangitale. junmadhye, pahili taakee brigade (curnell christopher bekar-cair) XVII corpsla, tisari taakee brigade XIX corpsla aanee dusari taakee brigade II corpsla denyat aalee hotee. maxney bekar-caracha sallah ghetala, jyane assa dawa keela qee takichya hallyamule shete aanee blockhousesvar mrutanchya nimmya kimmatila kabja houu shakato, jarr tethe tofkhana-golibar aivaji dhulicha patta asel tarr. 17 aanee 18 august roji jhalelya baithakanmadhye, tank aanee payadal kamandaranni sahmati darshavali qee, jyapaiki saat tank aadhich seent julienmadhye halavanyat aalya hotya aanee lapvoon thevanyat aalya hotya, tyaa dhunyachya barragekhali pudhe jaatil aanee blockhousemadhye aanee pilboxmadhye german machine-gunnersna gup kartil.
bekar-qaar yanni jee batalian, batalian tank brigedchi eka sanyukt company sthapan kelee aanee sarav aayojit keela jyamadhye takyanni mageel bajus killyanvar hallah keela, jithe teey sarvat asurakshit hote aanee tyanchya chhavanichya maghar ghenyachya resha avarodhit kelya jaau shakat hotya. payadalala pratyek takichya mage palatanmadhye pathlag karayacha hota, aanee majboot binduparyant jaanyasathi signal mhanoon (chhatavaril manholemadhun eka favada baher fekala gela) signalchi vaat pahat hote. bandukiche khadde, tekadiche shet, vancouver, trikon shet aanee kombadya yanchya kathavar pratyeki eka takine hallah karayacha hota; winnipeg smashanbhoomi aanee springfieldver aanakhi done takya hallah karnar hotya; california khandkatil rakheev asalelya eka floater aanee chaar takya aakasmik paristhitisathi tayar asayachya hotya. ekada takichya aanee sanket pathavalyanantar, 144 vya brigedchya 1/8 vya warcestershire regimentchi (1/8 vya warcester) eka company pudhe dhavun yeil aanee trikon shetavar kabja karel, kaaran birmingham rifleschee company (1/5 vee batalian, royal warwickshire regiment [1/5 vee varvik]), 143 vee brigade, tekadyanche shet tabyat ghenar hotee. 19 august roji smoke barrage suru honar hota kaaran seent julienmadhun seent julien-poelcapel rastyavar takya baher kadhalya gelya hotya; takyancha aavaj budavanyasathi vimananni varchya bajula qamee uddan karayache hote.
german sanrakshn.
31 julai roji, yipres-rullers railwaychya uttares asalela german front line aanee upress-rullers relvecha marg olandla gela aanee sainyadal haravale. naveen aaghadichi resha daad aanee daad darmyan hotee, jyachya mage mageel ladhai kshetra () hote. rakheev regiment aanee chauthya sainyane, qamee jhalelya, thakalelya aanee dishahin jhalelya hallekhoranviruddha mukhya bachavatmak ladhai ladhali hotee, jyanche pudhe jaanyache kaam aaghadichya sainyadalanni mandavale hote. naveen german aaghadi hii tatbandi asaleli shete, majboot bindu aanee khambanchya samoril golichya petine samarthit asalelya kavach chhidranchi eka resha hotee. 16 august roji, britishanni squish sainyadal kshetravar kabja karnyacha prayatna keela hota; british tofkhanyane german tofkhanyatil kahee golipeti aanee tatbandichi shete nasht kelee hotee kinwa tyavar maat kelee hotee, jyamule 11 vya (uttarekadil) vibhagachya payadalala jhalelya jakhama jhalya hotya. yaa vibhagane tyachi bahutansh uddishte sadhya kelee hotee, parantu ujavikadil 48 vaa (dakshin madhya pradesh) vibhag kvachitach pudhe gela. 16 augustanantar, germananni lashkari tukadyancha aakar vadhavala, jenekarun maidani tofkhana vikhuranyasathi aanee vibhaganyasathi adhik jaaga nirman hoil, eka bhag lapvoon thewala jaeel aanee keval mothya hallyanchya velee vaparla jaeel.
krutee.
sanyukt companychya keval saat takya, eka purush taakee aanee sahaa mahila taakee karyarat hotya, jevha itaranvar hallah suru jhaala, itar aadhich tutun padale kinwa adakale hote. seent julienmadhun takya eka velee tekadichya shetatoon baher padaychya, rastyachya varr, jeey shet rikame asalyache aadhalun yeiparyant aanee 1/8 vya varvikne vyapale jaiparyant chalale. tank (sekand-leftnunt aaa. jee. barker) trikoni shetatil rastyachya sangmavar pohochala parantu rasta nasht jhalyamule rasta davikade valoo shakala nahee. tyala aanakhi eka poelcapel rastyavar chalavanyat aale, jyamule taakee majboot binduchya mageel bajus aalee. chalak dalane cross-country chalavanyacha prayatna keela aanee davikadil prayojak asalelya 6-pounders golibar suru keela. chalis vela golibar kelyanantar, sumare saath german paloon gele, ardhyanna golya ghaloon thaar maranyat aale aanee urvaritanna 1/8 vya varvikne kaidi kele. rastyavarun, takichya aanee tyachya levis bandukansah blockhousecha vapar keela parantu nantar enginechya adchanisah rally-pointvar paratale.
 adakale parantu bandook sahan karnyasathi taakee khoop door chikhalat budat nahee toparyant ujavya prayojakat bandook gheuun germananna tyat guntavanyat saksham hote. sumare sumare aanee 6-pounders aksham kele, louis banduka utaravalya aanee tyanna 1/8 vya varvikchya tabyat dile. trikon shetatil germananni eka tankney (bahudha) jhakalele 1/8 weey warwick aat shirale aanee chhavanishi hatmilavani karoon ladhale toparyant tyanchi jameen dharoon thewali. tank (sekand-leftnunt couts) seent julienpasoon, zonebeke-langemark rastyaparyant, sarvat durchya lakshya asalelya cockcraftkade jaat hotee aanee killyaparyant pohochanyasathi tyala vel lagla. jawalpasachya kombadya aanee dougoutmadhun sumare pannas german baher yeiparyant karmchari aanee chhawani sumare machine-ganchya golibarat adlabadal karat hotee, parantu takitoon machine-ganchya golibarane tyanna khalee padale gele.
 tyanantar lagechach teey kombadyachya dakshinekade gele aanee aanee tyanchya levis banduka jawalchya shale-holmadhye thevalya. aathva varvik kuthehi disat nasalyane, kautsani eka sandeshvahak kabutar aanee done karmchari yanna sainya shodhanyasathi parat pathavale. aathvya varvikne pudhe jaanyas nakar deela, joparyant couts parat aale aanee 60 purushanna pudhe pathvanyasathi aanee levis bandukichya gheryat khodanyasathi eka adhikari sapadala. teen raifal-bomberscha pahara pahara tukadicha tafa taklyanantar aanee tee lapvoon thevalyanantar karmchari toparyant nivrutt jhaale. itar tatbandi asaleli shete aanee majboot thikani, keval takyanchya aagamanane sainyadalanna dhavnyas pravrutt kele aanee seent julien-poelcapel rastyachya paschim bajula britishanna tyanchi swatachi chaukya sthapan karata aalya; satpaiki paach talav sharyatichya thikani pohochanyasathi bachavale. 1/8 vya varvikala fakt tras jhaala aanee takichya takichya done purush marle gele aanee akra jakhami jhaale, jyamule german lock prabhavit jhaale aanee tyanna pakadale gele 
parinam.
vishleshan.
karvainantar, leftnunt curnell jeey. eff. see. fuller yanni 'majboot bindunviruddha kirkol taakee aanee payadal mohima' (23 august 1917) asey nivedan lihile. fullerne tank corpsney vaparlya gelelya paddhatinsah, paramparik kirkol davpechanche varnan kele, jeey yeepresachya sabhovatalachya ladhayanmadhye yashasvi jhaale hote aanee jeey ekal file drilcha avalamb karnyat prabhavi tharale hote. 1919 madhye, williams-ellis aanee williams-ellis yanni lihile qee hii krutee sansmaraniy hotee aanee eka german german tyachya manasanni eka majboot thikani fashi dilyache aadhalale hote aanee 1931 madhye, hubert guff yanni yaa hallyala "atishay yashasvi chhoti shastrakriya" mhatale...". 1995 madhye, jeey. pii. harrisney golichya petivaril hallyala 'shastrancha eka chamakdar chhotasa parakram' mhatale...", jyane augustmadhye musaldhar paus suru jhalyanantarhi kahee talav flandermadhye thevanyachya hagne ghetalelya nirnayache samarthan kele.
1996 madhye, prear aanee willson yanni lihile qee keval done tasanchya aat maxchya 'nowell stratagem' neey paach durjey tatbandichya chaukya tabyat ghetalya hotya, tarihi bahutek pramukh thikani hii paddhat vyavharya navhati. 22 august roji, XVIII neey punha takyanni hallah keela; uddishte rastyanpasun khoop door hotee aanee jevha karmchari jawal jaanyacha prayatna karat hote tevha takya nisatalya. 2008 madhye, jeey. pii. harrisney yaa shastrakriyeche varnan 'utkrusht' aanee 'aashcharyakarakpane qamee kharchik' asey kele. 2014 madhye, robbert pereene lihile qee hii moheem netradipakaritya yashasvi jhaali, parantu tyamule takya kaay karoo shakatat yabaddal avastav apeksha nirman jhalya. 2017 madhye, nick lloyd yanni lihile qee hii krutee "chaturya aanee kalpanetil eka ullekhaneey vyayam" hotee aanee yaa yashane tank corpsche manobal vadhavale.
jivitahani.
1919 madhye, williams-elisane payadalatil pandhra jann jakhami aanee done thaar jhalyachi nond kelee; takichya takichya chauda jann jakhami jhaale. adhikrut itihas khandat (1948), adhikrut itihaskar james edmonds yanni hallyatil satpaiki teen marle gelyachi aanee done rangadya haralyachi nond kelee aahe. 1996 madhye, prear aanee willson yanni lihile qee britishanchya payadalatil pandhra aanee tankchya tera tukadya jakhami jhalya.
tyanantarchya shastrakriya.
20 august roji, 24 vya vibhagachya (2 corps) samoril khalchya taara chaukichya palikade jehu khandkavar vishesh vayoo aanee dhur bombsfot jhaala. nahee 61vya dakshin madhyabhoomi) vibhagane (xix corps) some farmjaval eka german chauki ghetali aanee 21 august roji, roji (velsh) vibhagane (xiv corps), tyacha dawa bhag pudhe dhakalala. 22 august roji, 25 august roji roji samanya hallyasathi tayar asalelya squics corps aanee xviii corps yanni punha hallah keela. tajya hota (scottish) vibhag aanee nahee 61vya dakshin madhyabhoomi) vibhagadvare zicks corps frontwer jhalela teen-brigedcha hallah haah eka mahagada apayash hota. hota (scottish) vibhagachya ujavya bajula bajula brigedla aadhar denyasathi chaar takya freezenberg-jonnebek rastyavaril aaghadichya reshepasoon qamee padalya aanee vachalelya sahaa paiki chaar takya, pomern redoutchya pashchimekadun suru houn, pudhchya reshet kosalalya. 15 vya vibhagachi pragati lavkarach potsdam, vampire, pherii pharm aanee iberian pharm blockhousemadhun lagalelya aagine thambavanyat aalee; uddeshachya jawal dabav takanare payadal gayab jhaale.
davya bajula, 44 vya brigedchya sainikanni done takyanchya madatine donger 35 chya utaravar kahee pramanat pudhe jaanyat yash midavale, joparyant gallipolichya shetatoon machine-ganchya golibarane teey thambale nahee. nahee 61vya dakshin madhyabhoomi) vibhagachya vibhagachya tukadine pudhe jaanyat yash midavale aanee talavache shet, someche shet aanee hindu kuteer tabyat ghetale. XVII corps frontwer, 48 vaa (dakshin madhyabhag) vibhag aanee 11 vaa (uttar) vibhag takyanpurvi eka patal sangharsh reshet pudhe jayache hote. hote (dakshin madhya pradesh) vibhagala daha talav vatap karnyat aale. british aaghadichya reshechya mage, seent julien-poelcapel rastyavar, sahaa talav budale kinwa golyanni dhadakun baher padale. urvarit chaar takyanni 143 vya brigedla kirsalere, vancuver pharm aanee springfield pharm tabyat ghenyas madat kelee, nantarche lavkarach punha ghetale gele; done takyanni 33 vya brigedchya, 11 vya (uttar) vibhagachya sainikanna bulo pharm tabyat ghenyas madat kelee.
sandarbh.
pustake
prabandh
pudhe vacha.
pustake
prabandh

