
constantin wonn neurath

constantin herman carl freeher wonn neurath (2 februwari 1873-14 august 1956) haah eka german mutsaddi aanee nazi yuddh gunhegar hota, jyane 1932 teey 1938 darmyan germanycha pararashtra mantri mhanoon kaam kele.
eka swabian kuleen kutumbat janmalelya neurathne 1901 madhye aaplya rajnaitik karkirdila suruvat kelee. tyane pahilya mahayuddhat ladha deela aanee tyachya sevesathi tyala lokhandi cross denyat aala. yuddhanantar, neurath yanni denmarkche mantri, italiche rajdoot aanee brittonche rajdoot mhanoon kaam kele. 1932 madhye, chanceller franz wonn papen yanni tyanchi pararashtra mantri mhanoon niyukti kelee aanee teey edolph hitler yanchya netrutvakhali heey padd kayam rakhale.
nazi rajvatichya suruvatichya varshanmadhye, neurath heey hitlerchya pararashtra dhoranachya pathpuravyat versailcha taha kamkuvat karnyat aanee dusya mahayuddhachya purvasandhyet pradeshik vistarat mahattvachi bhoomika bajavanare manale jaat hote. tathapi, too anekada hitlerchya dhoranatmak uddishtanna virodh karat asey, aavashyak nahee qee vaicharik karanansathi. tyaa tiraskaramule akheris hitlerla 1938 madhye neurathchya jaagi adhik susangat joachim wonn rebentrop, eka utsahi nazi, neey badalanyas pravrutt kele. neurathne 1939 teey 1943 darmyan bohemiya aanee moraviache reik snrakshak mhanoon kaam kele, parantu september 1941 nantar tyacha adhikar nammatra hota.
neurathvar neuremberg khatalyanmadhye yuddh gunhegar mhanoon khatala chalavanyat aala aanee nazi germanymadhye tyache palan aanee krutee kelyabaddal tyala 15 varshanchya turungvasachi shiksha sunavanyat aalee. 1954 madhye tyanchi lavkar sutka jhaali aanee nantar teey tyanchya kautumbik malmattet nivrutt jhaale, jithe done varshannantar tyanche nidhan jhaale.
prarambhik jeevan.
neurathcha janm clinglatbakhchya (1972 pasoon vaihingen aine dair enzcha bhag) woortembergmadhye jhaala, joou "freeheren" chya swabian rajvanshacha vanshaj hota. tyache aajoba constantin franz wonn neurath yanni wrttembergcha raja charles pahila (rajya 1864-1891) yachya netrutvakhali pararashtra mantri mhanoon kaam kele hote aanee tyache vadil constantin sebastian wonn neurath (1912 madhye nidhan jhaale) heey german 'reachstag' chey mukt puranmatvadi sadasya aanee wrttembergcha raja william dusra yanche chamberlain hote.
neurathne tubingen aanee berlinmadhye kayadyacha abhyas keela. 1897 madhye padvi ghetalyanantar, suruvatila teey tyanchya mool shaharatil sthanik vidhee sansthet ruju jhaale. 1901 madhye tyanni nagri sevet pravesh keela aanee berlin yetheel pararashtra karyalayasathi kaam kele. 1903 madhye, tyanna londonmadhil german dutavasat, suruvatila up-mahavyavasthapak mhanoon aanee 1909 pasoon 'legationsrate' (kayadeshir sallagar) mhanoon niyukt karnyat aale. 1904 madhye prince auph velsachya wrttembergchya rajyala bhet dilyanantar, raja william dusaracha laurd chamberlain mhanoon, neurathla royal victorian ordercha manad night grand cross tayar karnyat aala. neurathchi karkird rajya sachiv alfried phaun kidderlain-vector yanni nirnayakaritya pudhe nellie. 1914 madhye tyanna constantinopalmadhye dutavasat pathvanyat aale.
30 meey 1901 roji neurathne stutgartmadhye merrie august moser wonn filsec (1875-1960) hichyashi vivah keela. tyancha mulga constantin 1902 madhye janmala, tyanantar tyanchi mulgi, winefred 1904 madhye janmali.
pahilya mahayuddhachya kalat, 1916 paryant, jevha teey gambhir jakhami jhaale, tyanni payadal regimentmadhye adhikari mhanoon kaam kele. december 1914 madhye tyanna lokhandi vadhastambhane sanmanit karnyat aale. too ottoman samrajyatil (1914-1916) german mutsaddi sevet paratala, jithe tyane armeniyan narsamhar pahila. 1917 madhye, tyane tyache kaka julius wonn soden yanchya jaagi shahee wrttemberg sarkarche pramukh mhanoon mutsaddi seva tatpurati sodali.
rajkiy karkird.
1919 madhye rashtradhyaksh friedrich ebert yanchya manyatesah neurath mutsaddegirikade paratala aanee denmarkchya mantri mhanoon copenhagen yetheel dutavasat sameel jhaala. 1921 teey 1930 paryant teey romche rajdoot hote aanee italian facismamule teey jaast prabhavit jhaale navhate. 1929 madhye kulpati gustav stressman yanchya mrutyunantar, adhyaksh paul wonn hindenberg yanni kulpati herman mueller yanchya mantrimandalatil pararashtra mantripadasathi neurath yancha aadhich vichar keela hota, parantu sattadhari pakshanni upasthit kelelya aakshepanmule tyanchi niyukti ayashasvi jhaali. 1930 madhye neurath londonmadhil dutavasache pramukh mhanoon paratale.
1932 madhye neurathla germanymadhye parat bolavale gele aanee junmadhye chanceller franz wonn papen yanchya netrutvakhalil 'barrenschya mantrimandalat' eka swatantra rajkarani mhanoon pararashtra vyavharanche 'reachsmister' banale. decembermadhye kulpati curt wonn schletcher yanchya netrutvakhali aanee nantar 30 janewari 1933 roji mctorgrifungchya edolph hitler yanchya netrutvakhali tyanni teey padd kayam rakhale. hitlerchya rajvatichya suruvatichya kalat, neurath yanni hitlerchya vistarvadi pararashtra dhoranala sanmanachi eka chamak dilee.
meey 1933 madhye, american "charge dii 'affairs" neey ahwal deela, "barren wonn neurathne samanya kalat nazinchya bajucha keval virodh aanee upman mhanoon manalya jaau shakananya goshtinna sharan jaanyachi itaki ullekhaneey kshamata darshavili aahe qee, nazine kahee kaal too eka pramukh mhanoon rahilyane samadhani rahanyachi ajunahi shakyata aahe". 1933 madhye leag auph neshansmadhun german maghar, anglo-german naudal kararachya vataghati (1935) aanee reinlandchya punarsainikikaranat too sahbhagi hota. neurathla german kayadyasathichya hans frankchya akadamiche sadasya dekhil karnyat aale. 30 janewari 1937 roji sattechya chauthya vardhapan dinanimitt, hitlerne urvarit serve nazi nasalelya mantryanchi nazi pakshat nondani karnyacha aanee tyanna vaiyaktikaritya pakshasathi suvarnachinh denyacha nirnay ghetala. tyachya swikrutimule, neurath adhikrutpane nazi pakshat sameel jhaala (sadasyatva kramank 3,805,229). yavyatirikt, september 1937 madhye, tyanna ess. ess. madhye 'grouppenfuheror' chaa manad darja denyat aala, joou veharmach shrenitil 'generallutnent' chya samatulya hota.
5 november 1937 roji 'reach' chey sarvoch lashkari-paradeshi dhoran netrutva aanee hitler yanchyatil parishad hotee, jee tathakathit hossback nivedanpatrat nondavali gelee hotee. yaa parishadet, hitlerne sangitale qee hii yuddh kinwa adhik achookpane, yuddhanchi vel aahe, kaaran hitlerne jyachi kalpana kelee hotee tee najikchya bhavishyat madhya aanee purv europemadhil sthanik yuddhanchi malika hotee. hitlerne assa yuktivad keela qee germanyla "lebensrom" pradan karnyasathi yuddhe aavashyak asalyane, autarkey aanee france aanee brittenberoberchya shastrastra sharyatine pashchatya shaktinni shastrastra sharyatit ajey aaghadi vikasit karnyapurvi karvai karane anivarya kele. tyanni pudhe ghoshit kele qee germanyne 1938 chya suruvatilach aanee agadi alikade 1943 paryant yuddhasathi tayar asale pahije.
yaa parishadela aamantrit kelelyanpaiki neurath, yuddhamantri "generalfeldmarshal" verner wonn blomberg aanee lashkarpramukh "generalloberst" verner wonn fritsch yanni aakshep ghetala. tyaa sarvancha assa vishvas hota qee purv europemadhil konatyahi german aakramanacha purv europemadhil tathakathit 'corden sanityre' yaa french yutee pranalimule franceshee yuddh suru hone bandhankarak aahe. tyancha pudhe assa vishvas hota qee jarr franco-german yuddh suru jhaale tarr teey lavkarach european yuddhat jaeel kaaran francechya parabhavachya shakyatecha dhoka patkarnyaivaji britton jawaljawal nishchitpane hastakshep karel. shivay, tyanni assa yuktivad keela qee hitlerche asey gruheet chukiche hote qee britton aanee france niyojit yuddhankade durlaksh kartil kaaran tyanni germanypeksha nantar tyanche punha shastrasandhikaran suru kele hote. fritsch, blomberg aanee neurath yanni vyakt kelela virodh purnapane yaa mulyankanashi sambandhit hota qee german anglo-french sahbhagashivay europechya madhyabhagi yuddh suru karoo shakat nahee aanee punha shastrasajj honyasathi adhik vel aavashyak hota. tathapi, tyanni austriya kinwa chekoslovakiache vilinikaran karnyachya hitlerchya moolbhut kalpaneshi aakramakta kinwa asahmatila konatahi naitik virodh vyakt keela nahee.
parishadet vyakt kelelya aakshepanna pratisad mhanoon, hitlerne aaplya dhoranachya samparkat nasalelya lokanna kadhoon takoon lashkari-paradeshi dhoran tayar karnyachya yantranevar aapale niyantran kadak kele. 4 februwari 1938 roji blomberg-fritsch prakaranadarmyan neurath yanna pararashtra mantripadavarun kadhoon taknyat aale. neurathla vatale qee tyache karyalay upekshit aahe aanee tyane hitlerchya aakramak yuddh yojananna virodh keela kaaran tyala vatale qee germanyla punha shastrasajj honyasathi adhik vel havah aahe, jyacha tapasheel 5 november 1937 chya hosebackchya nivedanpatrat denyat aala hota. neurathchya jaagi joachim wonn rebentrop aala parantu tyachya hakalpattimule aantarrashtriy staravar nirman jhalelya chinteche nivaran karnyasathi too khatyashivay mantri mhanoon sarkarmadhye rahila. pararashtra vyavharanvar hitlerla sallah denyasathi kathit super-cabinet asalelya gupt cabinet parishadeche adhyaksh mhanoon neurath yanchi niyukti karnyat aalee hotee. kagdavar asey disun aale qee neurathla protsahan denyat aale hote. tathapi, heey shareer keval kagdavar astitvat hote; herman goringne nantar saksh dilee qee teey kadhihi bhetale nahee, "eka minitasathihi nahee".
march 1939 madhye, neurathla sanrakshit bohemiya aanee moraviache "reachsprotector" mhanoon niyukt karnyat aale, jeey sanrakshit pradeshat hitlerche vaiyaktik pratinidhi mhanoon kaam karat hote. chekoslovakiavar germanychya tabyat asalelya aantarrashtriy aakroshala shant karnyasathi hitlerne anshatah neurathchi nivad kelee. prag killyavar aalyanantar lagechach, neurathne kathor prasarmadhyamanvar sensorship suru kelee aanee rajkiy paksh aanee kamgar sanghatananvar bandee ghatali. aktoobar aanee november 1939 madhye tyanni aandolan karananya vidyarthyanvar kathor karvaiche aadesh dile (1200 vidyarthi nidarshak chhalchhavyanmadhye gele aanee nauu jananna fashi denyat aalee). neuremberg kayadyannusar check jyoo lokanchya chhalavarhi tyane dekhrekh thewali. tyaa upayayojana kathor asalya taree, nazi mankannusar neurathcha niyam ekandarit baryapaiki saumya hota. vishesh mhanje, tyane tyache police pramukh carl herman phrank yanchya atirekanna rokhanyacha prayatna keela.
tathapi, september 1941 madhye, hitlerne neurathche rajya khoop saumya asalyache tharavale aanee tyamule tyachya dainandin adhikaranpasun tyala kadhoon takale. reinhard heydrich yanna tyanche upnayak mhanoon naav denyat aale hote, parantu kharey tarr tyanchyakade kharee satta hotee. 1942 madhye hydrich hatya karnyat aalee aanee kurt dalugene tyache uttaradhikaripad bhushavale. neurath adhikrutpane "reachsprotector" mhanoon rahila. 1941 madhye tyanni rajinama denyacha prayatna keela, parantu august 1943 paryant tyancha rajinama swikarla gela nahee, jevha majee antargat mantri wilheim frick yanni tyanche sthan ghetale. 21 juuna 1943 roji, neurathla teen-tarankit generalchya samatulya, "ess. ess.-obergrouphenfurer" chya manad padavar vadhavanyat aale hote.
yuddhanantar, neurathcha german pratikarkanshi sampark hota.
khatala aanee turungwas.
mitrarashtranni 1946 madhye neuremberg khatalyanmadhye neurathvar khatala chalavala. oto wonn ludinghossen tyachya bachavasathi hajar jhaala. abhiyojan pakshane tyachyavar "shantateviruddha gunhe karnyacha cutt rachane; aakramanache niyojan karane, suru karane aanee ladhaya suru karane; yuddh gunhe aanee manavteviruddhache gunhe" assa aarop keela. neurathche sanrakshn dhoran yaa vastusthitivar aadharit hote qee tyacha uttaradhikari aanee sahkari prativadi, rebentrop, neurathpeksha nazi rajyat jhalelya atyacharansathi adhik doshi hota.
aantarrashtriy lashkari nyayadhikaranane manya kele qee neurathche manavteviruddhache bahutek gunhe bohemiya aanee moraviache nammatra rakshak mhanoon, visheshtah check pratikar dadapun taknyasathi aanee anek vidyapithatil vidyarthyanchya saransh fashimadhye tyanchya alpavadhichya karyakalat kele gele. nyayadhikaranane ekmat vyakt kele qee neurath haah yuddh gunhyanmadhye ichchuk aanee sakriy sahbhagi hota, parantu tisya reichchya juloomchya uchchanki kalat tyane itake pramukh sthan dharan kele navhate aanee mhanoon too kelelya atyacharancha keval eka kirkol anuyayi hota. mitrapakshanni tyala charahi gunhyanmadhye doshi tharavale aanee tyala 15 varshanchya karavasachi shiksha sunavanyat aalee.
neurathla november 1954 paryant spandau turungat yuddh gunhegar mhanoon thevanyat aale hote, jevha parris parishadechya parshvabhumivar tyachi sutka karnyat aalee, adhikrutpane tyachya aajarpanamule, kaaran tyala hrudayavikaracha zatka aala hota.
nantarche jeevan.
too enzweihingen yetheel tyachya kutumbachya vasahatinmadhye nivrutt jhaala, jithe done varshannantar vayachya 83 vya varshi tyache nidhan jhaale.