constantin ess. nikolesku-plopper

constantin ess. nikolesku-plopper kinwa nikolesku-plopper (20 april 1900-30 meey 1968) haah eka roman itihaskar, puratatvashastradnya, manavvanshashastradnya aanee vanshikshastradnya hota, jyala loksahityakar aanee balsahityakar mhanoonahi olakhale jaate, jyachya vividh kriyakalapanche pramukhyane tyachya mool pradeshavar laksh kendrit hote. pramukhyane balkananchya pragaitihasik kalat rus asalelya tyanni aaplya mool deshatil vividh pracheen pashanyug, madhyapashan aanee navpashan sthalanvar sanshodhan kele, tyanna pragaitihasik kalkram aanee prakarshastrachya swatachya pranali tayar kartana mothya european sandarbhat thewale. puratatvashastratil tyanchya mukhya yogdananmadhye oltenian microlith vargikaran, sthanik guhachitrancha abhyas aanee tetoiumadhil eka thikanane manavvanshajananamadhye pradeshik yogdan dile asalyacha vadgrast dawa yancha samavesh aahe.
nikolesku-plopsar heey eka rajkarani aanee roman-romanian alpasankhyakanchya kalyanasathi karyakarte dekhil hote. mahayuddhanantar mahayuddhapurvi, teey udayonmukh roman rajkiy chalvalisathi pradeshik oltenian netyanpaiki eka hote aanee sthanik itihasatil kahee pahilya roman bhashetil vruttapatranmadhye yogdan denare hote. roman sahityatil tyanchya karyat roman lokkatha aanee roman pauranik kathanche sangrah, tasech mool upakhyan aanee lokkatha mool asalelya parikathancha samavesh aahe. paramparik vastunche sakriy sangrahak asalele teey sangrahalayshastradnya aanee krayovhamadhil alteniya sangrahalayache pramukh mhanoon tyanchya karyasathi dekhil olakhale jaat hote.
charitra.
prarambhik jeevan.
nikolisku-plopercha janm dalz kauntichya salkuta yethe jhaala. aanshik roman roman vanshacha, too dinka shilerucha vanshaj hota, joou edd-hock divanmadhil eka oltenian shetkari pratinidhi hota, jyane 1859 madhye valakia aanee moldevia yanchyatil sangharajyacha nirnay ghetala. tyanni tyanche madhyamik shikshan krayova yetheel caroll I rashtriy mahavidhyalayat purn kele aanee nantar bucharst vidyapithatil patra aanee itihas shakhetoon padvi prapt kelee. tyaa kalat, teey roman itihaskar vassil paravan yanche shishya banale, jeey dashiachya puratan vastunche sanshodhan aanee vargikaran karnyachya tyanchya kamasathi prasiddha hote aanee madhyayugeen constantin see. chey sahkari hote. jurensku.
planita madhye itihasache shikshak mhanoon niyukt jhalyanantar lagechach, constantin ess. nikolesku-plopper yanni oltenian gavanchya itihasabaddalachya puravyancha tapas, dastaivajikaran aanee jatan karnyachya kamavar laksh kendrit kele. tyanni tyanchi vaiyaktik mahatvakanksha mhanoon sampoorn pradeshachi puratatviy chhanani kelee, jenekarun 'olteniyamadhye 'olteniyamadhye sarvat pracheen lokanchi khuna' ughad karata yeil, jyaa loksankhyecha ugam ashiyamadhye jhaala hota asey tyanna suruvatila vatale hote. 1922 madhye, sanshodhak 1915 madhye sthapan jhalelya alteniya sangrahalayache manad sanchalak jhaale aanee jethe teey puratatva aanee lokkatha vibhagache curator dekhil hote. haah sangrah mukhyatve tyane tyachya anek maidani maidani gola kelelya vastunvar aadharit hota. nantar teey rashtriy abhilekhanchya kreyova shakhechya sthapanet sahbhagi jhaale aanee tyache sanchalak mhanoon kaam kele.
1923 chya sumaras, nikolesku-plopsarne sthanik patalivar "maguri" mhanoon olakhalya olakhalya unch thikananvar khodkam suru kele, itar thikanankade laksh vedhanyapurvi, jethe tyala pragaitihasik nivassthananche avashesh sapadale, tethe geruchya avasheshansah koralele sangade ughad kele. 1930 chya dashakachya suruvatila, carpen (cleanov gaav) aanee tyachya mool salkuta (plopsore) yethe sukshmabinducha shodh aalyane tyane olteniyala mool asalelya done madhyapashan kalatil puratatva udhyoganchya astitvacha prastav mandala, joou siddhant pratham manavvanshashastrachya 15 vya aantarrashtriy congressmadhye darshavila gela.
1926 madhye, tyanni gorge kaunticha pravas keela, jithe tyanni guha aswalanchi hadey aanee tamrayugachya matichya bhandyanchya jawal shikar-sankalpanevar aadharit aanee kolshavar aadharit guhachitra astitvat asalyache dastaivajikaran kele, parantu tyache achook sthan ughad kele nahee (kadachit tyache adhik changle sanrakshn sunishchit karnyasathi eka sadhan mhanoon). french vidwan heinry bruil yanchya sanshodhanatun prerit houn, jyanchyashi tyanni sanvad sadhanyas suruvat kelee, nikolesku-plopper yanni olteniyachya dakshin carpethian bhagatil asha itar sthalanna bhet dileeh bayaa dii phayar (pestera muiriller), pestera boirilar, pestera oiler, romos ii. tyanchya karkirdichya akherparyant tyanni sumare 120 vegvegalya guhancha shodh ghetala hota.
lokkatha, roman sakriyata aanee rajkiy karkird.
tyachya puratatva sanshodhanachya anushangane, constantin ess. nikolesku-plopsarne tyachya mool bhagatoon roman lokkatha gola karnyavar kaam kele, suruvatila tathakathit 'contess batranesty' ('vruddhanchi ganee') yaa sangeet strotanvar laksh kendrit kele aanee nantar parikatha aanee itar gadya rachanancha pathpurava keela. lokkatha ghatakanchi yadee tayar karnyatil tyanchi aavad anekada tyanchya puratatviy karyat villin jhalih ahavalanusar, tyanchya shodhansah sthanikanchya mulakhati aanee paramparik vastunchi kharedi kelee gelee. 1927 madhye tyanni 'sufflet oltenesk' ('oltenian soul') yaa samikshechi sthapana karoon sthanik sanskrutik vruttapatranmadhyehi aaplya karkirdichi suruvat kelee. pudhchya varshi tyanni 'aine' mhanoon prakashit kele. plopper, "khand" sear. povesty oltenesty ("woozy". oltenian katha ").
1930 nantar lagechach, nikolesku-ploperne roman moolchya itar vicharvantansobat-aurel manolsku-dolz, aine. seent. ionescu, mareen I. simean-olteniyamadhye pahili aadhunik roman (kinwa "gypsy") sanstha tayar karnyat. manolescu-dolz aanee simean yanni sthanik gut vibhajit keela aanee swatahla olteniyatil jipsichya pratyek mahan viovadchi ghoshana kelee toparyant, suruvatila tyanni 'bulibasa' kinwa sthanik samuday netyanchya paramparik sanrachaneshi, tasech orthodox archimandrite aanee roman karyakarte calinic serboyanu yanni sthapan kelelya rashtriy sanghatananshi sahkarya kele. yaa matbhedanpurvi, nikolisku-plopper heey sansthechya done sanskrutik sthalanmadhye, 'timpul' aanee 'oo rome' yaa vruttapatranmadhye sahbhagi hote aanee tyanni roman ganyanche booal aanee pauranik kathanche done dvibhashik roman-roman sangrah prakashit keleh 'ghile romane-contess tignesty' ('gypsy ganee') aanee 'paramise romane-povesty tignesty' ('gypsy katha'). asey kartana, too roman lokanchya roman samajat vargikaran, roman shabd 'τιgani' ('gypsy' chya samatulya) chya jaagi 'romi' ('roman lock'), tasech roman samaj aanee sanskratichya aadhunikikaranasathi samarthan samarthan sanskrutik aanee rajkiy chalvalicha bhag banala. tyanni vaiyaktikaritya kahee samudayanmadhye church sevesathi roman bhashela eka bhasha banavanyache samarthan kele aanee roman abhyaskramat tichi olakh prastavit fasavanuk pahilya lokanpaiki eka hote. yaa ghatanevar bhashya kartana, roman itihaskar viorail achim namood karatoh "yaa kalpana gypsy lokanchi olakh japanyavar bharr dilya jaat asalyache soochit karatat. tathapi, kahee [sadasyanni] konatyahi kimmatit bhatkya jipsiche sthairya yasarkhya ekatmatavadi kalpananna protsahan dile, tyamule 1930 chya dashkatil romaniyamadhil gypsy chalval hii 'rashtravadi' chalval manali jaau shakat nahee."
akheris, nikolesku-plopper (manolsku-doljsarkhe) rashtriy udarmatvadi paksh-bratianoomadhye sameel jhaale, joou prabal ujavya vicharsaranichya rashtriy udarmatvadi pakshapasoon vibhakt jhaala aanee 1934 chya nivadanukit dolz county kaunsilsathi umedvar mhanoon ubha rahila. too prakashak mhanoonahi sakriy hotah 1934 madhye, tyane 19 vya shatkachya suruvatichya kalat, vilasi valakian bhikshu, dynis eklesiyarhulchya hastalikhitatun, krayovhamadhye "chronographia" chee aadhunik aavrutti jaaree kelee. ilariu dobridorchya padyachya prakashanasathi prasiddha asalela 'pamant see sufflet oltenesk' ('oltenian land andd spirit') yaa navane too pradeshik-sankalpanecha pustak sangrah dekhil prakashit karat hota. 1936 paryant, nikolesku-plopper eka naveen sanskrutik masik sampadit karat hote, 'gand see slova oltenesca' ('oltenian vichar aanee lekhan'), sahityik itihaskar george calinscoone yaa pradeshatil mukhya aantaryuddh niyatkalikanpaiki eka mhanoon soochibaddha kele ('ramuri', 'mihel gusita' chee 'datina' aanee yujen constantchi 'condeul' sobat).
mahayuddhanantar mahayuddhanantar.
mahayuddhanantar mahayuddhanantar, aanee visheshtah aay. dii. 1 madhye udghatan jhalelya samyavadi rajvatidarmyan, nikolesku-ploperla vidvattapoorn mahatva prapt jhaale. 1946 madhye, tyanna olteniyachya purn sanchalakache sangrahalay mhanoon niyukt karnyat aale, 1952 paryant teey yaa padavar hote. 1951 madhye, communist communist tyanna slatina, regiunia arge yethe naveen sangrahalay sthapan karnyachya sandhibaddal ahwal denyache kaam sopavale, jee sanstha nantar ault county sangrahalay mhanoon punha design karnyat aalee. 1963 madhye tyanna roman akadamiche sambandhit sadasya karnyat aale.
1950 nantar tetayumadhil "bugiulesty" aanee "valia lui gronsienu" thikani tasech uttar olteniya aanee munteniyachya itar bhagat puratatviy manvi avashesh aanee helicopterchya shodhanantar, nikolesku-plopper navyane ughadalelya thikanancha shodh aanee vishleshan karnyat mukhya sahbhaginpaiki eka banala. 1960 nantar asha utkhanananche netrutva vaiyaktikaritya karat asatana aanee tyacha mulga dardu nikolesku-plopper yachyabarobar kaam karat asatana tyane 'australopithecus' hadey sapadalyacha dawa keela aanee assa yuktivad keela qee heey hominids janivpurvak shram karatat. tyanchya kamacha aanakhi eka kendrabindu mhanje bordul ghode (üureanu parvat) yethe neanderthalchi upasthiti, jithe tyanni 1954 chya mohimenantar vaiyaktikaritya vastiche khuna ughad kele.
tyachya shevatchya varshanmadhye nikolesku-plopsarne danubevaryl adaa kaleh yaa betavar kaam kele, jithe eka vegala turkey-roman aanee islami samuday hota. durdup dharan (eka roman-yugoslav sanyukt upkram) purn jhalyanantar yaa thikani puur yenar hota aanee nikolesku-plopercha chamoo roman roman aitihasik imarati hastantarit karanyachi yojana aakhat hota. 1966 madhye tyanni tyanche shevatche sahitya, 'tvsok see tvsmoke' ('tvsok aanee tvsmoke') purn kele, jyapaiki done adhyay 1964 madhye prakashit jhaale hote.
tyachi shevatchi varshe aitihasik strotanmadhye ullekh kelelya sthalanchya sthanikikaranasathi samarpit hotee, jase qee "malwa" chey dako-roman shahar. tyache avashesh falkoiuchya dolz bhagat sapadtil asey tyanni sangitale, jeey vassil paravanchya bradesteechya viruddha aahe aanee nantar "malwa" aanee romula heey eka aanee samaan kshetra asalyabaddal ekmat jhaale.
puratatva aanee manavvanshashastra.
prarambhik upkram.
constantin ess. chee suruvat. nikolesku-plopsorechya puratatviy aanee puratatviy tapasanicha sambandh balkan pragaitihasik kalatil oltenian abhivyakti ughad karnyachya tyachya swarsyashi hota. tyane tyache nikatche purvaj mhanoon haushi itihaskarancha eka lahan gut uddhrut keela, tyapaiki magnus beliyanu aanee caloyanu navacha eka shaley shikshak hota. pracheen oltainiansche mool ashiyai hote yaa swatachya siddhantala pathimba detana, nikolesku-ploperne jaivik manavvanshashastra aanee manavvanshashastrachya aadhare andaj lavala, jeey suchavate qee mool ashiyai loksankhya aanee 20 vya shatkatil rahivasi yaa doghancha cephalic nirdeshank samaan hota. tyane assa nishkarsh dekhil kadhala qee purapashan kalat yaa pradeshat jawaljawal purnapane manvi upasthitichi kamatarata hotee (eka baab jee tyane tatpurati kathor plistocene havamanala dilee hotee) aanee sahkari puratatvashastradnya marton rosca yanchyashi asha mulyankananvar charcha kelee. besarabia pradeshachya purvekadil bhagat madhya purapashan (mycoquine) upasthitibaddal seslav embrojevisichya nishkarshanna nikolasku-plopsarne virodh keela, asey suchavat, tyachya nantarchya itaranpramanech, embrojevicine eka sadosh starikaran tayar kele hote. tathapi, tyanni pestera oiler avasheshanchya sandarbhat eka vegale mutt mandale, jyat asey suchavale gele qee oltenian sthal pracheen pashanyugatil aahe. nikolesku-plopper yanni madhya pashanyugacha aanee visheshtah mausterian puratatva udhyogacha aadhava ghetala, pudhe uttarela, transylvaniamadhye nikole aine. yanni kelelya shodhanvar. moros. yaa vishayachya sandarbhat, tyanni quartzite aanee hadanchya mosterian sadhananchya prasarache spashtikaran mhanoon, chakakicha kathit abhav yaa vishisht transylvanian vaishishtyachya astitvacha siddhant mandala. uchch purapashan kalatil tyachya suruvatichya nikalanmadhye, nikolesku-plopsarne tyachya kalatil vidvananmadhye samanya pravruttiche anusaran kele, zeletian heey hangeri aanee transylvaniamadhil dravkache prakatikaran asalyache manale aanee donhi udhyoganna orignatianshi sambandhit manale.
maguri" madheel sanshodhanane nikolesku-ploperla uttar europechya madhyapashan kalatil "cockenmoding" sthalanshi tulana karnyas pravrutt kele, jyala tyane shikar aanee masemarichya pratheshi jodale, tarr oltenian sthananni shetee aanee pashupalan yanchyashi sambandhit jivanshailicha purava deela. madhyapashan kalatil sthalancha tyancha tapas aanee 'ploposorian' aanee 'cleanovian' yaa sambhavya vegalya udhyoganvaril tyanchya ahavalavar morosan yanni teeka kelee, jyanni polland aanee francechya tardenoician sthalanmadhil pashanyugatil sthalanchya sandarbhat asey shodh lavale. tyachpramane, bellie harkyulonenjavalil "pestera hotilor" yethe aadhalalelya avasheshanchya tyachya vyakhyevar, sahkari puratatvashastradnya dumitru barsiu yanni, jyanni tyanna prarambhik navpashan manale, azilian mhanoon aakshep ghetala hota. nikolesku-plopper yanni navpashan kalatil (udaharanarth putala aanee dagadi khod) mhanoon olakhalya olakhalya vastunvar dekhil laksh kendrit kele, resheey aanee matichya bhandyanchya itar prakaranchya karyavar bhashya kartana (asey gruheet dharale qee, mishra tantrancha prasar pahata, kumbharanche chaak tatkal tantrik pragati mhanoon olakhale gele nahee) aanee navpashan kalatil balpanatil khelanche kathit pramanikaran (tyachya siddhantasaha qee chhidrit aanee akhand hadanchya anishchit vaparachya vastoo hii gathinchi prarambhik aavrutti hotee). guhanchya chitranchya abhyasat, nikolesku-ploperne manalya olakhalya pratima purushanche pratinidhitva aanee saur rachana aahet asey soochibaddha kele aanee surya panthachya astitvacha siddhant mandala. ekandarit, tyanni nishkarsh kadhala qee eka swayatt "oltenian guha qalaa" hotee, jee kahee vaishishtyansah samayik hotee parantu pragaitihasik iberiashi sambandhit navhati, tarr bulgariyatil magura lenitil pratinidhitvanshi tee jodaleli hotee.
kalantarane, roman puratatvashastradnyane pragaitihasik kalkhandache oltenian sandarbhat upavibhajan karnyasathi swatachya pranali vikasit kelya. lohyugatil dashian samudayanni navpashan namunyansarkhich jivanshaili darshavili aanee puratatviy purave aanee pahilya likhit nondinmadhil tivra vibhajan karnyasathi purv-itihas qamee keela yaa nirikshanapasun suruvat karoon, tyanni assa nishkarsh kadhala qee, olteniyachya babatit, "pragaitihasik" sampoorn roman prashasanat aanee suruvatichya madhyayugat paramparikpane samavisht asalelya kalavadhiparyant vistarla. tyachya granthanmadhye tevhapasoon pramanit navanna vaiyaktikrut aanee dvandvatmak paryay dile gele, jase qee "ipoka bronzului" ("kansya yug", "aaa" eka puratanatva asane), "versta cavalerillar" ("night aij") "ipoka migratilore" ("sthalantaranche yug") ii. tyachya purapashan kalatil vibhaganine joseph decheletchya tattvanche barkaine palan kele, jyat chelian aanee magdalenian yanchyatil puratatva udhyogancha sandarbh hota.
vilambit yogdan.
1960 chya dashakachya suruvatiparyant, purapashan avasheshanchya naveen shodhanmule nikolesku-ploperla tyachya samanya nishkarshancha aadhava ghenyas pravrutt kele. tyaa velee, too assa yuktivad karoo lagla qee roman paleolithicachi suruvat 'pebal culture' ('kalchura dii prund') kinwa 'eopeliolithic' pasoon jhaali, jee 'archaeopeliolithic' (chelian aanee clactonian darmyan), 'mesopeliolithic' (levaloician aanee varchya mosterian), 'acropeliolithic' (aurignatian aanee coastantian), 'epipeliolithic' (azilian aanee swiderian) aanee 'preneolithic' chya aadhi jhaali. 1965 madhye tyanni tetoiu (bugiulesty, valeya lui gronsienu) yetheel shodhancha samavesh karnyasathi pramanamadhye badal kele hote, jyache shrey tyanni prarambhik, 'prepaliolithic' yugala dile. nikolisku-plopper yanni ekatra yeuun romaniyatil plistocene aanee neanderthal upasthitiche punarmulyankan karnyat vaiyaktik bhag ghetala. tyachya bordul ghodyachya mohimene jivashma neanderthal aanee khelache avashesh tasech eka vaishishtyapurn bhatti ughad kelee.
tyachya aadhichya siddhantanchya punarmulyankanasaha asey moolyankan jhaale qee tetoiu bhagatil tathakathit australopithesinane mothya pranyanche mrutdeh korivkam karnyasathi mothya antaravarun gola kelelya dagadancha vapar keela-jyamule nikolesku-ploperne asey gruheet dharale qee tetoiu haah teen khandanvaril australopithesin sthalanmadhil duva hota, joou "janivpurvak kamachya prakriyetil sarvat junya tappyancha purava deto."yaa siddhantakade tyanchya samkalinanni rakhivpane pahile aanee 1970 chya dashkatil puratatviy mukhya pravahane keval eka gruhitak mhanoon sweekarle. yaa sandarbhat nikolesku-plopesorchya tikakaranmadhye puratatvashastradnya adrian dobos heey aahet, jeey makpansgat yethe astitvat asalelya puratatva udyogabaddal kelelya doshpurn kapatishi eka upama tayar karatat (jyaa nishkarshancha niklesku-plopser yanni swatah eka purvavarti mhanoon ullekh keela aahe). starikaranavar aadharit yaa shodhacha eka samparshvik parinam assa hota qee lui leekeene tanzaniamadhye ughad kelelya oldovan sankulabarobar olteniyache manavvanshajananamadhye yogdan hote.
1950 chya dashakachya uttaradhat, nikolisku-ploperla pestisu mike bhagat kelelya naveen shodhanmule zeletiyanvaril tyachya drushtikonacha fervichar karnyas pravrutt karnyat aale, jyakade too mosterian aanee varchya purapashan kalatil udghatan udhyogache prakatikaran mhanoon pahat aala. hya davyacha antim aadhava 1966 madhye ghenyat aala, jevha tyanni assa nishkarsh kadhala qee hangerichya purvela zeletian astitvat nahee. moldeviachya purvekadil pradeshatil itar shodhanmule tyala aurignatian, coastantian aanee gravian udhyoganchi nave suchavali gelee, jeey pramukhyane 'prut nadee' mhanoon olakhalya olakhalya chakakichya prakaradvare darshavile gele. 1950 chya dashkaparyant, teey yaa nishkarshavar pohochale hote qee madhyapashan yug hii eka swatantra ghatana navhati, tarr navpashanyugakade nenare magdalenianche eka ushirache roop hote. tathapi, dobone nondavale aahe qee haah eka paripoorn nishkarsh navhata aanee nantarchya granthanmadhye madhyapashan "kramik sankraman" aanee epipelolithicache varnan "qamee-adhik pramanatah vilambit purapashan" asey kartana nikolesku-plopper swatashi virodhabhas darshavit asalyache disun aale aahe. doboschya matey, sanshodhakane 1965 madhyech aapale mutt sanshleshit kele, jevha tyane madhyapashan heey keval tyaa sukshmapashan sthalanna lagoo hote jeey navpashanyugakade naisargik sankramanasathi ubhe hote, asey mhanat asey qee ashee konatihi udaharane romaniyamadhye sapadu shakat naheet.
nikolesku-ploperchya karyachya shevatchya done dashakanmadhye, tyanni sthanik sanskratinna naav denyasathi aanee tyanche vargikaran karnyasathi, samyavadi sarkarchya vaicharik garjannusar soviet aanee purvekadil gatanchya shishyavruttila pradhanya dett, vadgrast drushtikon swikarla. 1954 madhye, tyanni jaagtik drushtikonatun purapashan kalatil "sampoorn tapas" kelyabaddal soviet itihaslekhan sajare kele aanee pashchimatya drushtikonanchi kamivadi mhanoon khilli udavali. kahee pashchatya sanshodhakanni kelelya davyanvar laksh kendrit karat, jyanni vanshik karananmule clactonian udhyoganpeksha chelian udyog shreshth asalyacha yuktivad keela, nikolesku-plopper yanni tyanchya tyanchya vaidnyanik varnadveshacha aarop keela aanee asey soochit kele qee chelian aanee clactonian udyog adhunmadhun tyach bhagat vikasit jhaale. roman vidvananni pramukhyane sthanik gravian sthalanna soviet modelnusar kostenkian mhanoon niyukt kele aanee samanyatah tyanchya pashchatya navankhalil udhyogancha ullekh karane sodoon dile. pragaitihasik prakarshastratil vishisht vastunsathi tayar kelelya navshabdanchya jaagi roman lexischya rupantaranchya bajunehi tyanni bhashya kele. udaharanarth, tyanni 19 vya shatkatil sanshodhak sezar boliyakala audhyogik kendrakanna 'matticy' ('srot' kinwa 'garbh') mhanoon niyukt karanyachi shifaras kelee.
sahitya.
lokkathakar aureliyan I. popescu, constantin ess. chey ekoon sahityik karya. nikolesku-plopper done prakaranmadhye vibhagalela aaheh lokkatha nondincha "achook sangrah" aanee "mahan kathakar" chya mool hastakshep aanee vistaradvare lokkatha vishayanche punarbandhani. nantarchya karyat nikolesku-ploperne 19 vya shatkatil moldevian pradeshashi sanskratikdrushtya jodalelya ion krenga yaa kathakaranche udaharan dile aanee tyala 'oltenian krenga' heey topananav dile. tyache mukhya utpadan 'tvsok see tvsmoke' aahe, parantu yaa shrenimadhye 'eoven iorogovan' kathanchi eka aavrutti aanee 'kotosman imprat' ('samrat tomcat') navachya parikathechahi samavesh aahe. asha tukadyanvar adhunmadhun 'moow plopore, tartorul povistiller' ('old mann plopore, kathancha pramukh') yaa topananavane topananavane kelya jaat asat. tvsok see tvsmoke' sathichya tyachya 'precuventare' ('prastavna') madhye lekhakane mulanchya prasasah, bolanyachya aakadyanmadhye tyachi paddhat spasht keleeh
lokpriy "packla" lokkathancha upakhyan mhanoon, tvsok aanee tivismokvishayichya upakhyananchi malika nikolesku-ploperchya yogdananmadhye thalakpane disate. done namankit nayak mhanje 'naan janmaleli mule' teey 'packla', eka anadar karnara aanee anekada kushal shetkari jyache karname roman vinod aanee suruvatichya roman sahityat sthapit upasthiti aahet. lekhakane swatachya granthachi vyakhya 'yethe aanee tethe khotyanni sushobhit kelelya rachalelya kathancha eka samooh' aanee 'junya, visarlya gelelya kathanmadhil eka naveen katha' ashee kelee aahe. tyache tantra, popescoone moolyankan kele, "pakalachya jagaat pravesh karate, jeey teey eka naveen dhagyane, prasiddha lock nayakache lagn vadhavate aanee sakhol karate."" "naan janmalele" "nayak, jeey yaa upakhyananche pahilya vyaktiche varnan mhanoon valsarane varnan karatat, teey nikolesku-ploperchi mool nirmiti aahet, tyanchi nave" "lock" "yaa shabdachya nirathak mojanichya tukadya aahet (" "sthan", "jase qee" "stye peey lock", "" "tumchi jameen ubhe qaraa" "kinwa" "tumhi aahat" ")". balsahityachi hii pratikruti, popescu assa yuktivad karatat, "[mulanchya] mansikteshi aanee samajoon ghenyachya marganshi eka vishisht jawalik soochit karate".
hii katha pramukhyane murkhpanachya kalpana aanee shleshanvar aadharit aahe, parinami jyala popescu 'gaadh vinod' mhanato. heey done bhau ekmekanchya sharirik gunadharmanna pratibimbit karatat aanee teey disanyat avastavpane vichitra aaheth teey heterochromia aanee hemihypertrophy darshavtat, tyanche chehare aanee paay mage valalele asatat. pujari kinwa agadi kuleen vyaktipasoon janm ghenyachi shakyata nakarat, olteniyachi bandee, teey tyaeivaji pakala nivadatat, jyala vaidei (romoschya samudayatil eka gaav, jeey aata hunedora countymadhye aahe) madheel eka niradhar shetkari mhanoon chitrit kele aahe. heey thikan tyachya vinodi arthansathi nivadle gele hote, jyane, popscu nondavato, aadhich tyala "nirdosh vinodanche [lakshya kele hote...] oltenian lokkathanmadhye ': naav' vaae dii eae 'madhye modate,' tyanna hye '. nikolesku-plopper yanni yaa gawala eka asey thikan mhanoon chitrit kele aahe jithe garibeela swayam-vidambana milate, parinami teey moorkh vinodat rupantarit hote. udaharanarth, eka vaidini manus tyachya anganatoon chimanyane choralelya nashpatichya hanibaddal khed vyakt karato, kaaran tyachi tantumay shepati "gadicha excel" mhanoon vaparnyacha tyacha hetu hota. olteniache vanshik vihangavalokan, yaa pradeshachya dakshinekadil bhaganche chitran karoon, pacalachya kreovamarge aanee danubeparyantchya pravasachya vruttadvare purak aahe. 1907 chya bandache sandarbh aanee gyubegachya ardh-adnyat grameen kavee radoo yanchya uddharanansah, yaa prakaranamule shetkari jivanavar purvalakshi samajik teeka houu shakate, jase qee roman samrajyachya kalat hote. nikolesku-plopesorchya vruttat, swa-vidambana aanee oltenian naitikatechya upahasala dekhil vav aahe, jeey paramparikpane obaddhobad abhiman mhanoon rudhiprayogat asalele eka vaishishtya aaheh railway pranalichya parichayabaddalchi oltenian pratikriya mhanje makyachya mohane gadya rulavarun utaranyacha prayatna aahe. tyach vibhagat caracal shaharavishayichya vinodancha samavesh aahe, jyachi samanyatah sthanik lokkathanmadhye upahas keela jaato qee murkhanna nenari gaadee "kosalali" aanee caraclechya phayar lookout towerchya aakhyayikecha ullekh aahe, jee aagichya jwalanmadhye nasht jhaali hotee. asha nondi, popescoone lihile, "vanshikshastradnya aanee lokkathakaransathi mahiticha eka mahattvacha srot" banatat.
kathecha mukhya bhag, jyamadhye tvsok aanee tivismokavar laksh kendrit kele aahe, tyat naan janmaleli mule tyanchya bhavee vadilansobat yogya aaee shodhanyachya shodhat asatat aanee nantar tyanchi giranichi sahal, jithe teey serve goshti mage karanyachi shakyata asate aanee aksharshah tyanchi swatachi doke gamavatat (tyanna bhukelya kutryanpasun punarprapt karane). karane) sahasachi suruvat tevha hote jevha pakshi tyanna shevatchya nirnayachi eka mock aavrutti 'skaunu dreptaty' (nyayache aasan) yethe gheuun jaatat, jee khristi pauranik kathanchya anticlerical vinod aanee upahasasathi mandani pradan karateh dev vruddha aanee aksham mhanoon chitrit keela gela aahe, yeshu eka tarun manus mhanoon 'zopi jaat aahe aanee aapali patal dadhi khajavato', merrie 'nile, bhaybhit dolhe asaleli eka madhyamvayin stree' mhanoon. adhik lokanna narkat pathvanyasathi chhotya bhute tarajuvar odhat naheet heey pahanyasathi done mule hastakshep karatat, parantu dev swatah eka fasavanuk fasavanuk bhojanalay-rakshakala maaf karnyas pravrutt aahe heey lakshat gheuun teey aswasth hotat kaaran tyane pujarivar najar thewali navhati. sant pieter yaa done mulanna swargat jaanyasathi laach denyachi parvanagi deto, jyanche manvi lock dudh aanee "mamaliga" chya antaheen puravathyamule tiraskarala pravrutt jhaale aahet-tethe asatana, teey aadam aanee ivhchya kathechi punaravrutti karatat aanee dnyanachya zadapasun apriy falanchi chav ghetat. yaa papache vajan tyanna narkat odhate, parantu teey bholya bhutevar sahajpane prabhav takoo shakatat aanee akheris kahee lonee jaalun tyanna door dhakalu shakatat (roman abhivyaktiche eka udaharan "aaa fyugi qaa dracula dii temay", "lonipasoon saitanasarkhe paloon jaane").
ekada narkavar taba midvalyanantar, tvsok aanee tvsmoke serve prakarchya loknayakanna mukt karatat, jeey papi dekhil aahet, pramukhyane hazduq aanee itar prasiddha brigade, parantu, popscu nondavato, tyanchya sutakechya niyojanat packlache 'buddhimatta aanee murkhapana' yanche mishran darshavitoho sampoorn gut valuchya dorkhandavar done mulancha pathlag karato. saat varshanchya chadhananantar teey tyanna punha giranikade gheuun jaatat, teey nadila punha narkat vahoon nenyasathi punarnirdeshit karatat aanee parat parat bhute budavanyat yashasvi hotat. tyanantar packlashy punarmilan, tvsok aanee tivismoke nivadalelya mahileshi tyache pauranik lagn aanee mulancha shevati janm aanee anichchhuk baptisma. jaree teey manvi swaroop prapt karat asale taree, tvsok aanee tvsmoke ajunahi alaukik gunadharm darshavtat (jase qee aaichya dudhapeksha talalele chikan aanee lasoon khane). katha tyanchya jangali jagaat jaanyasah aanee adhik sahasanchi shakyata-kadachit dusra khand, joou nikolesku-ploperne kadhihi lihayala suruvat kelee nahee, yasah sampate.
varsa.
nikolesku-ploperne tapasalelya austreliyachya tathakathit australopithesin sthalanna paramparikaritya vadane vedhale aahe. 1982 chya cambridge vidyapithachya "pracheen itihas" sangrahanusar, tetoiyuvishayiche tyanche siddhant "ajunahi prashnasathi khule hote."itihaskar aanee patrakar vassil cersal yanni 2009 madhye kelelya mulyankananusar, 1960 chya dashakapasun konatyahi roman puratatvashastradnyane yaa thikananchi ferpariksha keleli navhati. cersal dawa karatoh "tyache sanshodhan suru thevanyaivaji, tyachya tyachya tyakade durlaksh karane kinwa tyavar bhashya naan karane pasant kele aahe."vidvanachya mrutyune adaa kaleh yetheel sanwardhan prayatnanna dekhil aala ghatala aanee communist communist yaa kshetrat kiman guntavanukisaha yojanela manyata dyavi lagali.
1989 chya krantinantar aanee samyavadacha ant jhalyanantar, samudayanna vaiyaktik shastranche coat pradan karnyachya mothya pravrutticha eka bhag mhanoon, tyachya mool nikolesku-ploperchya sanmanarth, sonyachya rajai aanee shaichya batalidware pratinidhitva karane nivadle. planita yetheel audhyogik madhyamik shaleche naav 'groupul escaller audhyogik sthirank nikolisku-ploposar' asey aahe, tasech krayovhamadhil eka rastyachehi aahe. 1999 madhye, romanian akadami aanee kreyova vidyapithane see. chee sthapana kelee. ess. nikolisku-plopper samajik-manav sanshodhan sanstha, jee aantarshakhiy abhyasache varshik pustak prakashit karate. alteniyachya sangrahalayat eka vishesh nikolesku-plopper sangrah aahe, jyamadhye tyachya pustakanchya hastalikhite aanee prakashit karye, tasech dumitru barsioo, constantin dekovichiu aanee aayan nester yasarkhya sahkari vicharvantanshi tyache patravyavahar yancha samavesh aahe.

