
1950 paryantcha itihas yu. ess. vidnyan katha aanee kalpanaramya masike

1920 chya dashakat americet vidnyan-katha aanee kalpanaramya niyatkalike prakashit houu lagali. argosi' sarkhya palp masikanmadhye anek dashakanpasun vidnyan-kalpanik vishayanvaril katha prakashit hott hotya, parantu 1915 paryant, jevha street andd smith yaa pramukh palp prakashakanpaiki ekane 'detective story magazin' prakashit kele, toparyant ekach shailimadhye vishesh asalele konatehi masik navhate. keval kalpanaramya aanee bhaypatavar laksh kendrit karnare pahile masik 'vichitra katha' hote, jeey 1923 madhye suru jhaale aanee pudhil done dashakanmadhye tyanni swatahla agraganya vichitra kalpanik masik mhanoon sthapit kele; etch.pii. lovecraft, clark eshton smith aanee robbert eae. howard niyamit yogdankarte banale. 1926 madhye 'vichitra katha' madhye 'aashcharyakarak katha' sameel jhalya, jyaa hugo gernsbackne prakashit kelya; 'aashcharyakarak' keval vidnyan katha chhapalya, aanee kalpana nahee. gernsbackmadhye 'aashcharyakarak kathan' madhye eka patra stambh samavisht hota aanee yamule sanghatit vidnyan-kalpanaramya fandom tayar jhaala, kaaran chahatyanni patransah prakashit kelelya pattyancha vapar karoon ekmekanshi sampark sadhala. gernsback yanna tyanni chhapaleli kalpanik katha vaidnyanikdrushtya achook aanee shaikshanik tasech manoranjak asavi ashee ichcha hotee, parantu tyanchi uddishte purn karananya katha midvane tyanna katheen vatale; tyanni 1927 madhye abraham merritt yanni lihilele 'daad moone pool' purnapane avaidnyanik asoonahi chhapale. 1929 madhye gernsbackne 'aashcharyakarak kathan' varche niyantran gamavale, parantu lavkarach anek naveen masike suru kelee. "vandara stories' heey gernsbackchya shirshakanpaiki eka, tyache sampadan david lesarne kele hote, jyanni tyala midalelya kathanakacha darja sudharanyasathi kaam kele. aanakhi eka prarambhik pratispardhi 'super-sciencechya aashcharyakarak katha' hotya, jyaa 1930 madhye prakashit jhalya, jyaa harry betsney sampadit kelya, parantu betsney kiman vaidnyanik samagrisah keval sarvat moolbhut sahsi katha chhapalya aanee tyachya kalatil sahitya aata farse lakshat thewale jaat nahee.
1933 madhye street andd smithne 'aashcharyakarak' vikat ghetale aanee lavkarach teey naveen shailitil aaghadiche masik banale, jyane 1934 madhye murre linsterchya 'sidewice inn time' sarkhya suruvatichya abhijat pustakanche prakashan kele. kalpanaramya aanee vichitra kalpanaramya goshtinsathi 'vichitra katha' sathee done spardhak disu lagale, parantu ekahi kaal tikala nahee aanee 1930 chya dashkala 'vichitra katha' 'uchchank' manale jaate. 1939 aanee 1941 darmyan vidnyan-katha aanee kalpanaramya masikanmadhye bharr padalih anek prakashakanni yaa kshetrat pravesh keela, jyat manak masikansah, 'dhakkadayak katha' aanee 'romanchak aashcharyakathanchya katha' ('aashcharyakathanchya kathanche punarnamkaran);' aashcharyakarak katha 'aanee' super science katha 'asaleli lokpriy prakashne; aanee' grah katha 'asaleli kalpanik katha, jee aantargrahiy sahasachya madhur katha kendrit karatat. zif-devisne 'adbhut' chey kalpanik sathidar 'vilakshan sahas' suru kele."aashcharyakarak" neey yaa bharbharatadarmyan kshetrat aapale varchasva vadhavaleh sampadak, johnn doubleu. campabelane tarun lekhakancha eka sanch vikasit keela jyamadhye robbert aii. yancha samavesh hota. henlen, isaq asimov aanee aaa.eae. vanne vogt. 1938 saalee suru jhalela, jevha campabelane 'aashcharyakarak' goshtinvar niyantran midavale, too kaal anekada vidnyan katha sahityacha suvarnakal mhanoon olakhala jaato. yaa kalatil suprasiddha kathanmadhye vanne vogtchya 'slan' aanee asimovchya 'nitefall' chaa samavesh aahe. campabelane 1939 madhye 'adnyat' dekhil suru kele, 'aashcharyakarak' sathee eka kalpanik sathidar; 'vichitra kathansathi' haah pahila gambhir pratispardhi hota. jaree yuddhakalin kagadachya kamataratemule 1943 madhye 'adnyat' radd karnyas bhag padale gele asale, taree teey aata sarvat prabhavshali palp masikanpaiki eka manale jaate.
keval aath vidnyan-katha aanee kalpanaramya niyatkalike dusya mahayuddhat tikoon rahili. 1943 madhye 'aashcharyakarak' swarupat badalalelya 'aashcharyakarak' vyatirikt serve ajunahi palp masikachya swarupat hote. 'aashcharyakarak' lokpriy katha prakashit karat rahile, jyat 'see.' chya 'wintage season' chaa samavesh hota. ell. muur, aanee "haat jodoon..."jacq williamson. itar masikanmadhil kalpanaramya kathancha darja gelya dashakbharat sudharlah 'dhakkadayak katha' aanee 'romanchak aashchary' yanni visheshtah kahee utkrusht sahitya prakashit kele aanee yaa kshetratil netrutvasathi 'aashcharyakarak' aavhan dile. 1940 chya dashakachya uttaradhat aanakhi kahee pulps suru karnyat aale, parantu jawaljawal serve junya abhijat vastunchi punarmudran karnyasathi vahan mhanoon hote. eka apavad mhanje, 'out auph daad world adventures' haah avoncha eka prayog hota, jyat comixchya kahee prushthansah kalpanaramya sahitya ekatra kele gele hote. teey ayashasvi tharale aanee keval done mudde tikale. dahakachya akheris raymond pamar yanni sampadit kelelya 'itar jug' saha, digest swarupatil masike disu lagali. 1949 madhye, 'daad magazin auph fantsey andd science fiction' chaa pahila ank prakashit jhaala, tyanantar aktoobar 1950 madhye 'galaxy science fiction' chaa pahila ank prakashit jhaala; donhi pachale hote aanee lavkarach tyaa doghanmadhye yaa kshetrat varchasva gajale. yaa tarkhenantar farach qamee vidnyan-kalpanik kinwa kalpanaramya pulps suru karnyat aale; 1950 chey dashak hii digest masikechya yugachi suruvat hotee, jaree 1950 chya dashakachya madhyaparyant aaghadichi pulps chaloo rahili aanee lekhakanni mukhya pravahatil masike aanee mothya pustak prakashakanna vikri karnyas suruvat kelee.
suruvatichi masike.
19vya shatkachya akheris, american masikanmadhye vaidnyanik kalpanik aashay asalelya katha niyamitpane prakashit hott hotya. yaa niyatkalikanni samanyatah itar sahitya vagaloon kalpanik katha chhapalya naheet; tyat gair-kalpanik lekh aanee kavita dekhil samavisht asateel. aktoobar 1896 madhye, phrank aaa. fakt kalpanaramya sahitya chhapanyakade valanare 'argosi' heey 'munsi' companyche 'masik' pahile hote aanee tyach varshi decembermadhye tyanni swast lakadi-palp kagad vaparnyas suruvat kelee. aata heey masikache itihaskar palp masikachya yugachi suruvat asalyache manatat. vees varshe tyanchya kalpanik sahityala konatyahi vishisht shailipurate maryadit naan thevata pulps yashasvi tharale, parantu 1915 madhye prabhavshali masik prakashak street andd smithne 'detective story magazin' aanee 'western story magazin' yasarkhya vishisht sthanavar laksh kendrit karnari shirshake jaaree karnyas suruvat kelee, asha prakare vishesh aanee ekeri shailichya pulpsche netrutva kele.
jasjase pulpscha prasar hott gela, tasatase tyanni 'argosi' aanee 'aul-story' sarkhya samanya kalpanik masikanmadhye aanee creeda, guptaher katha aanee (visheshtah) nayak pulps yasarkhya adhik vishesh shirshakanmadhye vidnyan katha (ess. eff.) pudhe nett rahile. vidnyan katha dekhil pulpschya jagabaher disu lagalih hugo garnsback, jyanni 1908 madhye 'modern electric' navachya redio chhandvadi masikasah sampadak aanee prakashak mhanoon aaplya karkirdichi suruvat kelee hotee, tyanni lavkarach vidnyanachya bhavishyatil vaparabaddal anuman lavnare lekh samavisht karnyas suruvat kelee, jase qee 'wireless aun sattern', jeey december 1908 chya ankat prakashit jhaale. haah lekh tyachya vachakanna heey spasht karnyasathi puresha vinodane lihila gela hota qee haah fakt eka kalpanashil vyayam hota, parantu 1911 madhye 'modern electric' neey 2660 madhye aadharit 'ralf 124see 41 +' yaa kadambariche malikabadhakaran karnyas suruvat kelee. 1913 madhye gernsbackne 'daad electrical experimenter' (1920 madhye 'vidnyan aanee shodh' asey punarnamit kelele) heey aanakhi eka masik suru kele, jeey varanvar vidnyan kalpanik katha chalvat asey, jeey gernsback aanee itar doghanni lihile hote.
1919 madhye street andd smithne 'daad thriller book' heey masik suru kele, jeey kahee pramanat asamanya kinwa vargikaran naan karata yenyajogya kathansathi hote, jyacha arth bahutek prakarananmadhye tyat ektar kalpanaramya kinwa vidnyan-kalpanik ghatakancha samavesh hota. "aktoobar 1919 madhye 'daad thriller book' chey prakashan thambale, sola ank tikale; tyat kahee ess. eff. hote, visheshtah tyachya alpavadhichya akheris, parantu samanyatah vidnyan-katha kinwa kalpanaramya palp mhanoon manale jaat nahee. done varshannantar, gernsbackne 'practical electric' heey shirshak asalele aanakhi eka masik suru kele aanee 1924 madhye tyane tyachya sadasyanna eka patra pathavale jyat keval vaidnyanik kalpanaramya prakashit karnare eka masik suchavale gele. pratisad kamkuvat hota aanee gernsbackne prakalp sthagit keela.
"vichitra katha" aanee "aashcharyakarak katha".
pramukhyane kalpanaramya aanee vidnyan kalpanaramya kathanshi sambandhit asalele pahile masik 'vichitra katha' hote, jeey march 1923 madhye prakashit jhaale. suruvatila edwin bayered yanni sampadit kele aanee jacob clark heinberger aanee johnn emm. yanchya malkichya grameen prakashan companyne prakashit kele. lancinger. grameen vibhagane yapurvi 'detective tails' heey masik suru kele hote. "vichitra katha' haah kalpanaramya aanee vichitra kalpanaramya sahityala bajarpeth upalabdh karoon denyacha hetu hota aanee heinbergerla itaki asamanya samagri midvanyachi utsukata hotee qee tee vidyaman palp masikanna vikali jaau shakat navhati. niyojit masik velapatrak lavkarach ghasaru lagale, julai aanee december vagalale. februwari 1924 chya suruvatila, furnsworth raitane bairdkadoon antarim sampadak mhanoon padbhar swikarla. meey-juuna-julai 1924 chaa vardhapan deane ank prakashit jhalyanantar, heinberger aanee lancinger yanni companyche vibhajan kele, pratyekane eka masika ghetali. heinbergerne "vichitra kathanvar" nammatra niyantran thewale, tarr indianapolisachya cornelius mudran companyne, jichyavar grameen bhagache bahutansh karj hote, prathamik malki ghetali. corneliusne eka naveen mudran prakalp bandhala, tarr heey masik paach mahine thambale. "november 1924 chya ankasah 'aured tails' chey prakashan punha suru jhaale, jyat furnsworth rait kayamswarupi sampadak mhanoon hote. robbert eae sarkhya pratibhavan kalpanaramya lekhakanna raitane poshit kelyamule, heey masik swaroop aanee gunavatta yaa donhi babatit patkan sudharu lagale. howard aanee etch.pii. premkala.
raitane varanvar vidnyan katha prakashit kelya, jyat edmond hamiltonchi pahili katha, jee august 1926 madhye prakashit jhaali aanee jeey. sclossel aanee ottis edelbert cline, tasech vichitra aanee jadutona katha. purnapane vidnyan katha sahityas samarpit asalele pahile masik 10 march 1926 roji newjstandver 'vichitra katha' madhye sameel jhaale, jyache shirshak 'aashcharyakarak katha' hote aanee eprilmadhye prakashit jhaale. tyanchya grahak sarvekshanat ess. eff. masikat keval maryadit rus darshavlyanantar done varshanni gernsbackne prakshepanas vilamb keela hota, parantu shevati tyanni tyat utaranyacha nirnay ghetala. tyanni 'practical electric' chey prakashan (nuktech 'daad experimenter' asey punarnamkaran) thambavale parantu sampadak, tii. jaree kalpanik majkuravar gernsbackcha antim nirnay asala, taree naveen niyatkalikache sampadan karnyasathi, auu 'connor sloane. amazing' chya pahilya ankat purnapane punarmudrit sahitya hote, jyat jewels vernchi kadambari 'auph aun aaa commett' aanee etch. chya kathancha samavesh hota.jee. wells aanee eder alan poe, parantu clair winger harris aanee aii. saha naveen kalpanaramya lavkarach disu lagale. hayat verilla pratyekjan gernsbackchya suruvatichya vachak spardhanpaiki eka spardhet yash midvato. pudhe doghehi prasthapit lekhak banale. gernsbackne eka patra stambhahi sadar keela aanee tyachya vachakanna tethe chaitanyashil charchet sahbhagi honyasathi protsahit kele. vidnyan katha itihaskar mike eshale yanchya matey, heey 'aashcharyakarak kathanchya' yashache kharey rahasy hote aanee vidnyan katha lokpriyateche kaaran aahe ': patrachya stambhat vidnyan-katha chahatyanna, jyapaiki barechjan ekaki hote, mitra banavanyasathi aanee tyanchya aavadibaddal bolanyasathi eka munch denyat aala. samvichari vachakanchya parinami aalelya samudayane vidnyan-kalpanaramya fandamla janm deela aanee tyaa shailiche vachan karoon mothya jhalelya lekhakanchya eka pidhila dekhil janm deela.
"amazing' khoop yashasvi tharala, eka varshapeksha qamee kalavadhit 100,000 chya prasaraparyant pohochala. lakshaniy spardha yenyapurvi kahee kaal hota, parantu 'amazing' chya pahilya ankanantarchya varshi done kirkol kalpanaramya masike suru karnyat aalee. eka, 'jaadoo aanee goodhatechya katha', 1927 madhye prakashit jhalya aanee keval paach ankanparyant tikalya; tyat jaduchya kathanmadhye visheshata hotee, jyat haudinivaril malikecha samavesh hota. teey aarthikdrushtya apayashi tharale hote aanee aata pramukhyane lovecraftchi katha 'coole air' prakashit kelyabaddal teey lakshat thewale jaate. dusari 'bhoot katha' hotee, jee bernar mcfadden yanni 1926 chya madhyat suru kelee hotee, jyanni 'satya katha' yasarkhi kabulijbab niyatkalike dekhil prakashit kelee hotee. bhoot kathan' madheel bahutansh sahitya tyach kabulijbab shailit lihile gele hote, jyat khyan ghatana mhanoon sadar kelelya bhutanchya bhetichya katha hotya.
juuna 1927 madhye, journsbackne 'aashcharyakarak katha' varshik prakashit kelya, jyaa niyamit 'aashcharyakarak kathanchya' duppat aakarachya (aanee duppat kimmatichya) hotya. tyat edger tandul burashichi 'daad mastermind auph mars' hii naveen mangal kadambari hotee, jee burshi itaratra vikoo shakali navhati, kadachit tyat dharmik kattartavadala lakshya karnare vyangatmak ghatak asalyamule. barojche naav vikrisathi eka shaktishali madat hote aanee gernsbackne abraham meritchya done katha midvilya asalyane, jeey dekhil khoop lokpriy hote, masikane jaast kimmat asoonahi serve 150,000 pratee vikalya. yaa yashane gernsbackla aanakhi eka vidnyan-kalpanik shirshak suru karnyasathi patvoon dile aanee 'aashcharyakarak katha traimasik' chaa pahila ank 1928 madhye vasant rutuchya mukhprushth tarkhesah prakashit jhaala. tyach varshi eae. madhye chhapil 'gernsback'.eae. smithchi pahili kadambari, 'aashcharyakarak' madhye, 'daad skylark auph space' shirshakane aahe. too prachand yashasvi tharala aanee smithchya 'skylark' kadambyanchee malika aanee nantarchya 'lensman' malikechya balavar, smith 1930 chya dashkatil ess. eff. vachkansathi 'sarvat mahan navanpaiki eka, jarr sarvat mahan nahee tarr' banala.
aashcharyakarak' sathee gernsbackchi ghoshit uddishte mhanje shikshan dene aanee manoranjan karane. pahilya ankatil sampadakiyat tyanni thampane sangitale qee, "yaa aashcharyakarak katha keval atishay manoranjak vachanach karat naheet tarr tyaa nehmich shikavanaya dekhil asatat. teey asey dnyan puravatat jeey kadachit aaplyala anyatha milanar nahee-aanee teey teey atishay swadisht swarupat puravatat. kaaran yaa aadhunik vaidnyanik lekhakanpaiki sarvottam lekhakanna aaplyala shikavale jaat aahe yachee jaaniv karoon naan deta dnyan aanee prerana dekhil denyachi kaushalya aahe. garnsbacksathi manoranjak aanee vaidnyanik mahitee pradan karnyache tyache ghoshit uddisht purn karnari uchch darjachi naveen samagri shodhane katheen hote aanee 'aashcharyakarak' chya suruvatichya ankanmadhye punarmudrananche praman jaast hote. tyala aadhalale qee tyachya vachakanni vern aanee vihirinchya adhik vaidnyanik kathanpeksha buroj aanee meritchya kalpanik premkatha pasant kelya aanee kadachit pratisad mhanoon merritche 'daad moone pool' meey 1927 chya 'amazing' ankat prakashit kele."katha purnapane avaidnyanik hotee; gernsbackchya kathechya parichayat assa dawa karnyat aala hota qee merritt eka naveen vidnyan sadar karat hota, parantu eshale tippani karatat qee gernsback fakt" "asha vilakshan kalpanaramya goshtincha masikat samavesh karnyasathi eka nimitt shodhat hota jevha tee tyachya moolbhut matashi julat navhati".
"aashcharyakarak katha" aanee "aashcharyakarak".
1929 chya suruvatila gernsback diwalkhor jhaala aanee tyachi masike burgen aii. laa vikali gelee. mackinnon; 'aashcharyakarak katha' aanee 'aashcharyakarak katha' yaa donhiche tyanchya naveen malkikhali traimasik prakashan chaloo rahile aanee sloan sampadak mhanoon rahile. done mahinyanchya aat journsbackne 'air vandara stories' aanee 'science vandara stories' hii done naveen masike suru kelee. gernsback ajunahi vidnyan kathashastrachya shaikshanik mulyavar vishvas thevat hota aanee tyachya shabdanmadhye, 'aakash pakshi' aanee 'udananya essis' sarkhya vimanchalan palpmadhye disana kalpanaramya kathanshi 'air vandara stories' sathichya tyachya uddishtanchi tulana karato, jyaa 'purnapane' wilde-west '-jaagtik yuddhatil sahsi-aakashat budananya' katha hotya. sahas, shodh aanee kamgirine paripoorn, vaidnyanik-yantrik-tantrik marganvar, bhavishyatil udatya kathanni 'air vandara' bharnyachi tyanchi yojana hotee. air vandara' aanee 'science vandara' yaa donhi goshti david lasser yanni sampadit kelya hotya, jyanna sampadak mhanoon purvicha konatahi anubhav navhata aanee jyanna ess. eff. baddal farse mahitee navhate, parantu jyanchya emm. aay. tii. chya padvine gernsbackla tyancha samna karnyasathi patvoon dile hote. fletcher pratt, stanton coblentz aanee david etch yasah kahee lokpriy lekhakanni chhapalele lesar karya. keller aanee varanvar chalana journsback spardheche done vijete, nantar yaa kshetrat prasiddha jhaleh raymond palmer, nantar 'aashcharyakarak kathan' chey sampadak aanee johnn vindam, jeey tyanchya 1951 chya 'daad day auph daad triffieds' yaa kadambarisathi prasiddha hote. donhi masikanchi vachaksankhya jordarpane eksarkhi jhaali, bahutek vachak vimanchalan chahate nasoon vidnyan-kalpanaramya chahate hote. hii done shirshake sthapit jhalyanantar, aktoobar 1929 madhye, lesarne sampadit kelelya, 'science vandara traimasik' madhye, gernsbackne bharr ghatali. tyach velee gernsbackne jyaa lekhakankadun aadhich katha kharedi kelya hotya, tyanna eka patra pathavale, jyat tyanni "changlya" vaidnyanik "parshvabhoomi asalelya guptaher kinwa gunhegari goodh katha" magavalya aanee janewari 1930 madhye tyanni tyanche sahkari hector grey yanni sampadit kelele "vaidnyanik guptaher masik" suru kele, jeey naveen cross-janare shirshak mhanoon, tyanna ekoon chaar masike dilee.
janewari 1930 madhye 'super-sciencechya aashcharyakarak kathancha' pahila ankahi aala, jeey eka dashakat yaa kshetratil sarvat prabhavshali masik banale. prakashak william clayton hote, jeey palp shirshakanche yashasvi prakashak hote. 1928 madhye, toparyant claytonsathi kaam karananya harrold harsine, yaa yadeet bharr ghalanyasathi eka naveen vidnyan-kalpanik niyatkalik suchavale hote; clettonla khatri navhati, parantu pudhchya varshi tyane aapale mutt badalale. "aashcharyakarak' chey sampadak harry bates yanna, gernsbackla prerit karatat asha shaikshanik uddishtanmadhye rus navhata. kamitakami vaidnyanik aashay asalelya sahsi kathanni 'aashcharyakarak' bharalele betah katha samanyatah nikrusht darjachya manalya jaatat aanee ashley asey manatat qee bett heey sutrabaddha kathansah 'vidnyan kathachya aadarshancha naash' karat hote. gernsbackchi masike qamee darr aanee atishay mand deykasathi kuprasiddha hotee aanee 'aashcharyakarak' uchch darr aanee twarit deykane murii linster aanee jacq williamson yanchyasarkhya kahee suprasiddha palp lekhakanna aakarshit kele. (asimov nantar mhanale qee suruvatichya udhyogat paise "prakashanavar navhate, parantu (mhan hotee) khatala hota".) sarvat qamee kimmat aanee sarvat jaast prushthe asalelya 'aashcharyakarak' yaa donhi goshtinsah, 'aashcharyakarak' heey tyachya pratispardhyanpeksha paishasathi changle moolya hote. 1930 chya madhyaparyant, gernsbackne 'air vandara' aanee 'science vandara stories' yanche vilinikaran karoon, tyachya niyatkalikanche ektrikaran karnyas suruvat kelee. yaa sanyukt niyatkalikache shirshak 'aashchary katha' asey hote aanee 'vidnyan aashchary traimasik' heey tyachprakare 'aashchary katha traimasik' asey punarnamit karnyat aale hote. tyach velee 'vaidnyanik guptaher masik' laa 'aashcharyakarak guptaher katha' asey punarnamit karnyat aale."shirshakanmadhun" vidnyan "aanee" vaidnyanik "vagalanyacha uddesh vachakanna heey kharey tarr vaidnyanik niyatkalike aahet assa aabhas dene talhanyacha asoo shakato. "kiman, shirshak badalamule 'aashcharyakarak guptaher katha' madat jhaali nahee aanee octoberchya ankanantar journsbackne heey masik wallace bamberla vikale, jyane pudhil varshi aanakhi paach ank prakashit kele, jaree aata konatihi ess. eff. kinwa kalpanaramya samagri navhati.
darmyan, 1926 madhye suru jhalelya mcfaddenchya 'bhoot katha' yaa shirshakachi vikri qamee hott hotee. 1930 paryant swatantra prakashak mhanoon vyavasayat aalelya harsine mcfadenkadoon heey shirshak midavale aanee pudhchya varshi 'chamatkar vidnyan aanee kalpanaramya katha' heey aanakhi eka masik suru kele, jyache sampadak elliot dolled hote. donhipaiki ekahi upkramala yash aale nahee. "chamatkar' chey prakashan keval done ankannantar bund jhaale, jevha 'dold' aajari padale, jaree vikri konatyahi paristhitit qamee hotee aanee 'bhoot katha' chey nasheeb punarujjivit karnyat hersey asamarth hotee; 1932 chya suruvatila tee radd karnyat aalee. 1931 madhye 'aashcharyakarak katha' punha ekada haat badaltana disalya; yaveli tee mcfaddenne vikat ghetali, jyachya khol khishane nairashyachya parinamanpasun 'aashcharyakarak' vegale karnyas madat kelee. sloane sampadak mhanoon pudhe rahila.
"vichitra katha' aataparyant changlya prakare prasthapit jhalya hotya, parantu 1931 madhye claytonne shevati 'vichitra katha' shhee kahee thet spardha dilee, jyache sampadan dekhil batus yanni kele hote. tyachya pratispardhyapramanech, 'vichitra katha' varanvar vaidnyanik katha tasech kalpanaramya prakashit karat asat; 'aashcharyakarak' mhanoon tyane spardhepeksha changle darr dile aanee parinami jacq williamsons kahee changle lekhak aakarshit jhaale, jyanche 'andharache landge', dusya aayamachya pranyanchya aakramanabaddal, tyachya changlya lakshat asalelya kathanpaiki eka aahe. "vichitra katha" phaar kaal tikalya navhatyah 1932 chya uttaradhat, clayton aarthik adchaninmadhye hota aanee "aashcharyakarak" dvi-masik velapatrakakade valala. aadhich dwaimasik, 'vichitra kathan' neey dekhil tyachya prakashanachi varanvarta qamee kelee. claytonche bahutansh karj tyachya mudrakakade hote, jeey claytonne tyachya prakashan sansthela vikat ghenyapasun rokhanyasathi midvanyacha prayatna keela, parantu heey eka vinashkari paul tharale. vyavhar purn karnyasathi tyachyakade nidhi navhata aanee tyala diwalkhori ghoshit karnyas bhag padale gele. donhi masikancha janewari 1933 chaa ank shevatcha asanyacha hetu hota, parantu march 1933 madhye prakashit jhalelya 'aashcharyakarak' yaa aanakhi eka ankasathi puresha katha yadimadhye rahilya. street andd smithne claytonchya malmattechya vikritoon 'aashcharyakarak' aanee 'vichitra katha' midavalya aanee tyach varshi octobermadhye 'aashcharyakarak' punha suru kelya. "vichitra katha" punha disu shakalya naheet; street andd smithne tyaeivaji "vichitra kathanchya" yadimadhye katha "aashcharyakarak" madhye chalavanyacha nirnay ghetala.
aashchary katha' madhye, david lesar 1930 chya dashakachya suruvatila sampadak mhanoon rahile, jaree 1933 chya suruvatila arthsankalpiy karananmule 'aashchary katha traimasik' kapavya lagalya. lesarne tyanchya lekhakanshi tyanchya vaidnyanik saksharatechi patali aanee tyanchya lekhanacha darja sudharnyas madat karnyasathi patravyavahar keela; asimovne 'aashchary katha' chey varnan 'saktiche aadhar' mhanoon kele aahe, jithe tarun lekhak tyancha vyavasay shikale. erich temple belchi 'daad time stream' aanee festus pragnelchi 'daad green mann auph grapec' yasarkhi nehamichya palp paramparanchya baherchi samagri chhapanyas lesar tayar hota."ess. eff. samikshak johnn clute heey" "aashcharyakarak katha" "heey tyanchya kalatil sarvottam vidnyan-kalpanik masik banavanyache shrey lesarla detat aanee samikshak pieter nicholls aanee bryan stableford hyanna heey journsbackchya yaa shailitil sarvottam upkram manatat". yash asoonahi, lasserla 1933 chya madhyat sodoon denyat aale, kadachit tyala khoop changla pagar milat asalyamule, kaaran tyaa velee gernsbackchya vyavharanmadhye aarthik sankatache kahee purave aahet. lesar kamgar hakkanvar kaam karnyat adhik vel ghalvat hota aanee gernsbackla kadachit vatale asel qee too tyachya sampadakiy kartvyankade durlaksh karat aahe. lesarchya pagarachya eka trutiyanshpeksha qamee darane, gernsbackne lesarchya jaagi 17 varshiy ess. eff. pankha, charles hornigla ghetale.
gernsbackpasoon teey campabelparyant.
street andd smith heey utkrusht vitaran jaale asalele eka susthapit palp prakashak hote aanee punarujjivit kelele 'aashcharyakarak' jalad spardhatmak hote. tyache sampadan eff. orlean tremen, desmond hallchya madatine; doghehi claytonchya bhagnavsheshatun rastyavar aanee smithwar aale hote. tremen heey eka anubhavi palp sampadak hote aanee street andd smithne tyanna pratyek shabdache eka takke budget dile, jeey pratispardhi masikanna deu shakananya andajpatrakanpeksha changle hote. december 1933 madhye tremenne eka sampadakiy lihile jyat 'vicharanchya bhinn' kathansathi aavahan kele gele jyat mool kalpana hotya aanee keval vidnyan-kalpanik sandarbhat sahsi sankalpananchi punarutpadan kelee gelee navhati. tremenne 'vicharanche prakar' mhanoon olakhalya gelelya suruvatichya katha nehmich visheshtah mool navhatya, parantu lavkarach heey spasht jhaale qee tremen asha katha prakashit karoon jokhim ghenyas tayar hota jyaa itar masikanmadhil sampadakiy varjanachya virodhat padalya asatya. 1934chya akheris, 'aashcharyakarak' heey agraganya ess. eff. masik hote; tyaa varshi prakashit jhalelya mahattvachya kathanmadhye murre linsterchi 'sidewice inn time', paryayi itihasachi kalpana vaparnari pahili shailichi ess. eff. katha; jacq vilyamsanchi 'daad leason auph space'; aanee johnn doubleu. campbelle, donn aaa mhanoon lihito. stewart. eka varshachya aat 'aashcharyakarak' chee vyapti 50,000 asalyacha andaj hota, jee spardhechya duppat hotee.
tremenne tyache 'vicharanche swaroop' dhoran jaheer kelyanantar, hornigne 'aashcharyakarak kathan' varr swatache 'naveen dhoran' suru kele; vicharanchya prakaranpramanech, maulikatevar aanee baar kathanvar jore dene heey uddisht hote, jyat keval changlya-vaparlelya kalpananvar punha kaam kele gele. hornigche darr 'aashcharyakarak' peksha qamee hote aanee kadhikadhi tyachya lekhakanna khoop ushirane kinwa ajibat paise dile jaat navhate; yaa apangatvannantarhi, hornig stanly jee. saha kahee changli samagri shodhanyat yashasvi jhaala. weinbaumchi 'aaa martian odisi', jee julai 1934 chya 'vandara' madhye disali aanee varanvar punarmudran kelee gelee aahe.
"aashcharyakarak katha' aanee tyache bhagini masik, 'aashcharyakarak katha traimasik', yaa donhiche sampadan tii. oo 'connor sloane, kaaran 1929 madhye gernsbackne tyanchyavarche niyantran gamavale, 1930 chya dashakachya suruvatila tyanni farse laksh dile nahee, jaree sloenne nantar johnn doubleu. saha prasiddha honyasathi anek lekhakanchi pahili katha chhapali. campbelle, johnn vindam aanee howard phasta. 1932 madhye 'traimasik' velapatrak aniyamit jhaale aanee akheris 1934 chya sharad rututil ankasah tyache prakashan bund jhaale. "1930 madhye 'vichitra katha' bankechya apayashatoon bachavalya hotya, jyamule niyatkalikachi bahutansh rokh rakkam gothali hotee aanee bahudha kalpanaramya aanee bhaypat, parantu tarihi kahee vaidnyanik kalpanaramya sahitya prakashit karane suru hote. etch.pii. lovecraft aanee robbert eae. howard niyamit yogdankarte banale aanee margaret brundagene kahee kaal mukhprushthavar maktedari kelee, kadachit niyatkalikasathi kaam karnari sarvat prasiddha kalakar bunley; jawaljawal tichya serve mukhprushthanvar nagna aakruticha samavesh hota. virgil finale yanni 1930 chya dashakachya madhyat aateel kalakrutinmadhye yogdan denyas suruvat kelee; finale aanee brundays heey donhi vachakanna khoop lokpriy hote.
1934 madhye gernsbackne itar shailinmadhil kahee sahchar kalpanik shirshakansah prayog kele, parantu teey ayashasvi tharale aanee 'aashcharyakarak kathan' chee ghasaran aparivartaniy siddha jhaali. keval vargani asalelya modella pathimba denyasathi aaplya vachakanna patvoon denyachya ayashasvi prayatnannantar, tyanni teey sodoon dile aanee februwari 1936 madhye manak masikanchya need pinesna heey masik vikale. pineschya 'romanchak guptaher' sarkhya itar shirshakanshi julavun ghenyasathi 'romanchak aashcharyakarak katha' asey tyache punarnamkaran karnyat aale aanee manakche mukhya sampadak lio margulies yanchya dekharekhikhali mort weisinger yanna sampadit karnyasathi denyat aale. swaroop badalale nahee, parantu katha aanee mukhprushth adhik krutee-kendrit jhaale. august 1936 chya manakchya pahilya ankat reey cummings, indo binder aanee stanly jee yasah anek prasiddha lekhakanchya katha hotya. pann ekandarit hii kalpanik katha 'aashcharyakarak' madhye aadhalanaya kalpananchya tulanet aprachalit hotee. zarnak' hii vinodi patti vaparoon pahili gelee, parantu tee keval aath ankanparyant tikali.
1936 madhye aanakhi done vidnyan-katha aanee kalpanaramya niyatkalike suru karnyat aalee, parantu donhipaiki ekahi varshakheriparyant tikali nahee. 1931 madhye 'chamatkar' karoon bajarpethet pravesh karoon pahana harsine comixchya chahatyanna palp masike vikanyachya prayatnat 'flash gorden vichitra sahsi masik' prakashit kele. vidnyan katha itihaskar everate blailer yaa kathanche varnan 'murkhpanache' aanee 'truteey shreniche' asey karatat. jaree pahilya flash gorden malikechya pradarshanacha fayda ghenyasathi niyatkalikala vel denyat aala hota, taree too ayashasvi tharala aanee keval eka ank prakashit jhaala. "tyach navachya lokpriy redio karyakramashi sambandhit 'daad whitch tails' haah eka kalpanik aanee bhaypat thoda adhik yashasvi tharala, november aanee december 1936 madheel done ankansah. eshalela vatate qee hii kalpanik katha vajvi darjachi hotee aanee niyatkalikache apayash kadachit carwood, prakashak, lahan aanee tulanene ananubhavi asalyamule aanee tyache aarthik aanee vitaran kamkuvat asalyamule asave.
1937chya akheris, street andd smithne tremenla sahayyak sampadakiy sanchalak mhanoon padonnati dilee aanee 'aashcharyakarak' chya sampadak mhanoon tyachi jaaga johnn doubleu. campbelle. kahee mahinyanantar street aanee smithne tremenla jaau dile aanee campabelala niyatkalikashi adhik mokalepanane haat deela. campabelane lagechach shirshak 'aashcharyakarak katha' varoon 'aashcharyakarak vidnyan-katha' asey badalale; tyache sampadakiy dhoran vidnyan katha adhik paripakv vachakanna lakshya kele hote aanee tyanna vatale qee 'aashcharyakarak katha' yogya pratima vyakt karat naheet. tyane tyachya mukhprushth kalakaranna tremenchya kalat jeey ghadale hote tyapeksha adhik shant aanee qamee khalbaljanak kalakruti tayar karnyas sangitale. tyancha sarvat mahattvacha badal mhanje tyanni aaplya lekhakanvaril apekshanmadhye kelela badalah tyanni tyanna asha katha lihinyas sangitale, jyaa bhavishyatil niyatkalikat gair-ess. eff. katha mhanoon prakashit kelya jaau shakalya asavyat. bhavishyatil vachkala tyanchya aayushyatil upkaranansathi dirgh spashtikarananchi aavashyakta bhasanar nahee, mhanoon campabelane tyanchya lekhakanna tyanchya kathanmadhye naisargikaritya tantradnyanachi olakh karoon denyache marg shodhanyas sangitale. katha kalpananna uttejan denyachya uddeshane tyanni niyamitpane vaidnyanik tathyatmak lekhahi lihayala suruvat kelee. campbelchya drushtikonatun pratispardhyanpeksha 'aashcharyakarak' farak disun aala; algies budrisne aathvan karoon dilee qee 'teey ess. eff. masikasarkhe disat navhate' kaaran mukhprushthavar reey gunn asalelya purush aanee mothya stananchya striya disat navhatya.
darmyan, 'aashcharyakarak kathan' chey malak, bernar mcfaddenchi take prakashne aarthik adchaninna tond dett hotee aanee 1938 madhye heey masik shikago-aadharit prakashak zif-devisla vikale gele. raymond pamar heey sampadak sthanik chahate hote. aalashi 'aashcharyakarak' heey kantalvane hote; pamarla teey majedar havey hote aanee lavkarach palayanvadi katha prakashit karoon niyatkalikat badal ghadavun aanale. too 'aashcharyakarak' laa 'aashcharyakarak' chaa kharaa pratispardhi banavoo shakala nahee aanee ashley assa andaj lavto qee bernard jee. zif-devischi sampadakiy karyalaye chalavanaya devisne palmerla gambhir vidnyan katha nasoon manoranjanavar laksh kendrit karnyas sangitale asave.
1930 chya dashakat, 'nayak pulps' hii vruttapatranchya kendranvaril sarvat lokpriy shirshakanpaiki eka hotee; hii masike ekach patrachya sahsanvar kendrit hotee, jase qee 'dock savage' kinwa 'daad shedo'. hya byavachada vidnyan-kalpanik kathanchya asayachya, parantu tyaa pramukhyane vidnyan-kalpanik kinwa kalpanaramya masike navhatya. eka udaharan jeey spashtapane kalpanik hote teey mhanje 'doctor mrutyu', jyamadhye alaukik shakti asalelya eka dusht pratibhache chitran hote. too februwari 1935 madhye prakashit jhaala aanee keval teen ankansathi tikala.
tejichi suruvat.
aashcharyakarak' yaa pustakache sampadak mhanoon campabelane aapali pragati suru kelee, tevha vidnyan-kalpanik niyatkalik prakashanatil pahili bharr padali, jyachi suruvat 1938 madhye 'adbhut vidnyan katha' chya pradarshanapasun jhaali. prakashak abraham aanee martin goodman yanni tyanchya shirshakanchi yadee vidnyan katha aanee kalpanaramya madhye vistarnyacha haah prayatna keela. teey 'vichitra dhokyachya' masikansathi olakhale jaat hote, katha olinmadhye 'laingikta aanee kroorata' samavisht karnari eka shaili jyamule mahilanna dhoka nirman jhaala, sahasa alaukik vatananya dhokyamule parantu shevati manvi khalanayakache kaam asalyache ughad jhaale. adbhut vidnyan kathansathi", goodmanany tyanchya lekhakanna ess. eff. kshetrat nehmipeksha tyanchya kathanmadhye adhik laingikta samavisht karnyas sangitale; vachakanni masaledar kathambaddal tivra nakaratmak pratikriya dilee, parantu goodmanany 1941 chya suruvatiparyant masik chaloo thewale aanee akheris 1950 madhye aanakhi kahee ankansathi tyache punarujjivan kele jevha ess. eff. niyatkalikane aanakhi eka teji suru kelee. eka sahchar masik, 'dynamic science stories', februwari 1939 madhye prakashit jhaale; teey dirgh katha sanganyacha hetu hota parantu keval done ankanparyant tikale.
vidnyan-katha aanee kalpanaramya shailinsathi adhik mahattvache asalele itar anek niyatkalike hotee, jyanchi suruvat 1939 madhye jhaali. manak masikanmadhun pratham prakashit honari, anukrame janewari aanee februvarimadhye 'romanchak aashcharyakarak kathan' chey sathidar mhanoon suru jhalelya 'dhakkadayak katha' aanee 'vichitra katha' hotya; mort weisinger yanni tinhiche sampadan kele. "thakk karananya' madhye pratyek ankat eka pramukh kadambari aanee 'holl auph fame' punarmudran vibhag samavisht hota; nantarche shakya jhaale kaaran prakashak, manak niyatkalike, 'aashcharyakarak kathan' chya mageel soochichi malki hotee. tyaa velee itar konatyahi ess. eff. palpmadhye kadambyanchaa samavesh navhata; vachakanni manyata dilee aanee 'dhakkadayak' heey lavkarach sarvat lokpriy ess. eff. masikanpaiki eka banale. "vichitra katha' yaa 'vichitra kathan' chya thet pratispardhi mhanoon suru karnyat aalya hotya aanee pahilya ankat robbert blotch, august derleth, heinry cutner aanee manley waid wellman yanchyasah 'vichitra katha' yaa anek lokpriy lekhakancha samavesh hota. blotch, derleth aanee cutner heey serve niyatkalikachya jeevanat varanvar yogdan denare hote, parantu eshale yala 'vichitra kathan' chey kharab anukaran manatat, tevhapasoon tyachya kathanpaiki qamee kathanche sankalan jhaale aahe. 1938 chya shevati 'vichitra katha' chya malak, buub. corneliusne yaa niyatkalikatil aapali aavad william jeey. yanna vikali. delani, 'laghukatha' yaa samanya kalpanik niyatkalikache prakashak. delanichi karyalaye newyorkmadhye hotee aanee 'vichitra kathan' chey sampadak, farnsworth rait, shikagohoon tethe gele. prasar vadhavanyasathi delanyne prushthanchi sankhya aanee varanvartemadhye anek badal kele, parantu tyapaiki ekahi yashasvi jhaala nahee. heey ghadale asatana, 'vichitra kathan' chaa aanakhi eka pratispardhi, yaveli street andd smithne suru keela. adnyat' heey shirshak asalele naveen masik 'aashcharyakarak' chey sahchar hote aanee johnn doubleu. yanni tyache sampadanahi kele hote. campbelle. yaa niyatkalikasathi campabelache ghoshit dhoran "yaa shabdachi tumchi sampoorn samaj badalanyasathi purvichya tulanet aataparyantchya gunavattepeksha vegalya kalpanechi kalpana sadar karane" heey hote; aeshalechya shabdat, "kalpanik kalpaneche vidnyan kalpanaramya tark" aanane heey uddisht hote. "adnyat' chaa pahila ank march 1939 madhye ell. ronn hubbard aanee ell. lavkarach sarvat varanvar yogdan denanyanpaiki eka mhanoon spragg dii camp.
march 1939 madhye dekhil, eka naveen prakashkane yaa kshetrat pravesh kelah lui sylberclait, jyane ekekali gernsbacksathi kaam kele hote, too nilya fitichya masikanchya chhapacha malak hota; tyach varshi novembermadhye 'bhavishyatil kalpanaramya' nantar tyane 'vidnyan katha' suru kelee. donhiche sampadan charles hornig yanni kele hote, jyanni gernsbacksathi 'vandara stories' chey sampadan kele hote. sylberclaitne hornigla atishay maryadit andajpatrak dile, tyamule adhik pagar denanya bajarpethanni aadhich nakarle nasel tarr tyanni prasthapit lekhakankadun sadar kelele sadarikaran kvachitach pahile. tyacha parinam samanya kalpanaramya hota. sylberclaitla paise denyasahi usheer jhaala hota, jeey lekhakanna tyanche kaam kuthe pathvayache heey tharvanyasathi atirikt nirutsahi hote. meey mahinyat zif-davis heey 'aashcharyakarak kathan' chey prakashak, 'vilakshan sahasan' saha yaa spardhet sameel jhaale, jyache sampadan dekhil raymond pamar yanni kele hote. aashcharyakarak' pramanech, pamarne naveen jaaga todanyacha prayatna karnyaivaji manoranjanavar laksh kendrit kele. "vilakshan sahse' hii 'vichitra katha' kinwa 'adnyat' yanchi pratispardhi mhanoon sthanbaddh navhati, parantu tyaeivaji tandalachya burashichya shailitil itar sansarik sahsanvar laksh kendrit kele aanee lavkarach vichitra kalpanaramyatesathi dekhil pratishtha vikasit kelee.
mool palp prakashak, daad munsi kampanikade, toparyant konatehi samarpit vidnyan-katha kinwa kalpanaramya masik navhate, parantu varanvar 'argosi' aanee 'aul-story' madhye katha prakashit kelya gelya jyaa spashtapane yaa shailit hotya. 1939chya akheris, yaa junya kathanchya punarmudranasathi eka vahan mhanoon 'prasiddha vilakshan rahasye' munsene suru kelee. sampadak merrie geneddinger yanni september/octoberchya pahilya ankasathi merritcha 'daad moone pool' aanee reey cummingscha 'daad gerl inn daad golden etum' nivadala; donhi shirshake vachakanna aakarshit karanyachi shakyata hotee. dusya ankasathi antargat chitre karnyasathi genedingerne virgil finalela niyukt kele aanee heey masik lavkarach dwimasik prakashanakade valanyaitake yashasvi jhaale.
1939 chya mukhprushthavar prakashit honare navve aanee shevatche naveen vidnyan-katha kinwa kalpanaramya masik 'grah katha' hote, joou decembermadhil tyacha pahila ank hota. prakashak heey kalpanik ghar hote, jeey 1920 chya dashakat eka yashasvi palp prakashak hote, jaree mandine tyache darvaje tatpurte bund kele hote. 1934 madhye guptaher aanee pranay niyatkalikanmadhye visheshatva asalelya kalpanik gharache punha prarambh jhalyanantar aanee 'grah' tyachya prem pranayarmyanni, ink. dware prakashit kele. chhap. sampadak, malcum reitionay, tarun vachakanna lakshya kele aanee keval aantargrahiy kalpanaramya kathanvar laksh kendrit kele, jaree suruvatila katha itakya kamkuvat hotya qee punha prakashit karnyas yogya sahitya midvinyasathi puresa vel naan deta masik suru karnyas bhag padale gele asey aeshaleche anuman aahe.
suvarnayug.
jevha campabelane 'aashcharyakarak' chey sampadak mhanoon padbhar swikarla, tevha tyane clifford dii. saha yaa kshetratil kahee pramukh lekhakanna aakarshit karnyas suruvat kelee. simak, ell. ronn hubbard aanee jacq williamson. adnyat" chya prakshepanane campabelache maidanache varchasva balkat jhaale; heinry cutner, see.ell. muur aanee ell. spragg dii campane campbelchya donhi masikanmadhye yogdan dile. yaa aanee itar prasthapit lekhakanshi kamache sambandh vikasit karnyabarobarach, campabelane anek naveen pratibhecha shodh lavala aanee tyanche sangopan kele. 1938 madhye, tyanni lester dell reey yanchi pahili katha, 'daad filet' vikat ghetali; pudhchya varshi, tyanni 'daad filet' chya pahilya katha prakashit kelya.eae. vanne vogt, robbert aii. isaq asimovchya suruvatichya kathesah henlen aanee theodor sturgeon. pudhil kahee varshant heey serve lekhak 'aashcharyakarak' goshtinshi drudhpane sambandhit hote aanee campbelchya sampadkikaritya suru honanya kalavadhila kadhikadhi vidnyan katha sahityache suvarnayug mhatale jaate.
pudhil done varshant jawaljawal done dozen laghukatha prakashit karoon, teen kadambyansahah 'jarr heey chaloo rahile-', 'sahava stambh' aanee 'methuselachi mule', henlen vegane 'aashcharyakarak' madhye sarvat vipul yogdan denanyanpaiki eka banala. september 1940 madhye, vanne vogtachi pahili kadambari, 'slan', malikabaddha honyas suruvat jhaali; heey pustak anshatah vanne vogtala dilelya aavhanatmak campabelpasoon prerit hote qee supermanchya drushtikonatun supermanchi katha sangane ashakya hote. campbelle prakashit jhalelya sarvat lokpriy kathanpaiki eka asalyache siddha jhaale aanee jyaa prakare campabelane tyachya lekhakansobat kaam karoon tyanna kalpana dilya aanee tyala vikat ghyayachi asaleli samagri tayar kelee yache heey eka udaharan aahe. asimovchi 'robot' malika 1941 madhye 'kaaran' aanee 'khote' ashee aakar gheu lagali!"eprilmadhye disana aanee kadachit yenanya muddyanpramane;" "slan" pramane, yaa katha anshatah campbelchya sambhashanatun prerit hotya ". september 1941 chya ankat asimovchi laghukatha 'nitefall' samavisht hotee, jee aataparyant lihilelya sarvat prashansaneey ess. eff. kathanpaiki eka hotee aanee novembermadhye smithchya 'lensman' maliketil 'sekand stage lensman' yaa kadambarine malika suru kelee. pudhchya varshi asimovchya 'paya' kathanchi suruvat jhaali, jyat meey mahinyat 'paya' aanee junmadhye 'lagam aanee kathee' disu lagali. vanne vogtache 'bharati kendra', march ankatil, tyachya 'shastra dukan' maliketil pahili katha hotee, jyache varnan johnn clutene vanne vogtchya serve kamanpaiki sarvat aakarshak mhanoon kele aahe.
suvarnayugatil anek kathanni shashvat lokpriyata darshavili aahe, parantu pieter nicholls aanee mike eshale yanchya shabdat, "suvarnayugachya ess. eff. chya unchavalelya kalpana byavachada garib palp shabdasangrahat vyapalelya hotya jyacha uddesh vastuman bajarpethetil sarvat qamee samanya vibhajak hota". kathancha asman sahityik darja asoonahi, yaa yugane kahitari vilakshan nirman keleh "mojkya shailitil lekhakanchya jangali aanee utkat kalpana-jeey bahutek tarun hote aanee sankalpanatmakdrushtya kharokharach khoop utsahi hote-ess. eff. rachananche sampoorn star mandatat, jyane kshetrala mothya pramanat samruddha kele", aanee teey manatat qee suvarnayugane "gunavattet eka prachand zep ghetali, jee kadachit shailichya itihasatil sarvat mothee zep" hotee.
teji suruch aahe.
ess. eff. masikachya prakashanat 1940 paryant bharr padali, manak masikanni mort weisingerchya portfoliomadhye aanakhi eka shirshak jodale. heey 'capton future' hote, sadhya space aupera plots eka nayak palp jyamadhye capton future aanee tyachya mitranni saur mandal kinwa sampoorn vishwala khalnayakapasun vachavale. jawaljawal serve pramukh kadambya edmond hamilton yanni lihilya hotya. 1940chya hivalyatil pahila ank, haah timahit prakashit jhaala. manak ess. eff. shirshake tarun vachakanna lakshya karoon bindhastapane hotee, jyat tinhi masikanmadhye vachakanchya patranna uttare denanya "sargent sattern" sarkhya snrakshak yuktya hotya.
"capton future' nantar 'aashcharyakarak katha' aanee 'super science stories', lokpriy prakashananmadhil done naveen shirshake, eka susthapit palp prakashak, aalee. donhi masike dwaimasik hotee, februwari 1940 madheel 'aashcharyakarak' chaa pahila ank aanee pudhchya mahinyat 'super science stories' prakashit jhalya; aanee donhiche sampadan ekonis varshiy fredrick pole yanni kele hote-teey naveen masik suru karnyacha vichar karat asatanach teey lokpriy karyalayanmadhye sampadakiy kaam shodhat aale hote aanee donhi naveen shirshakanche sampadak mhanoon sodoon gele hote. polache andajpatrak khoopach maryadit hote, parantu siril cornbloth aanee james blish yansarkhya itar udayonmukh ess. eff. lekhakanshi tyachya samparkamule tyala aashcharyakarakpane changli samagri sapadali. lokpriyanna twarit paise dile gele, jeey itar kahee prakashakanna sangata yenyapeksha jaast hote aanee tyamule qamee darr asoonahi, polala lavkarach asha sadarikarane disu lagali jee campabelane "aashcharyakarak" paddhatine nakarli hotee parantu itar kuthehi pathavali gelee navhati. parinami, tyane adhunmadhun kahee 'aashcharyakarak' niyamit vyaktinkadun sahitya chhapale, jyat 'homo' yaa vanshasah, ell. spragg daad camp aanee pii. scular miller aanee robbert aaa. yanni lihilele 'lost leason'. henlein.
1940 chya madhyat, jyachyakade aadhich bajarat done shirshake hotee (charles hornig yanni sampadit keleli 'vidnyan katha' aanee 'bhavishyatil katha', donhi), tyane pratyek ankat eka purn lambichi kadambari samavisht karnyachya uddeshane 'vidnyan katha traimasik' shirshak asaleli tisari jodali. sylberclaitne eka dashakapurvi prakashit jhalelya gernsbackchya 'science vandara traimasik' madheel kahee pramukh kadambyanchey punarmudran adhikar midavale. naveen niyatkalikala hornigchya jababdanyanmadhye jodanyat aale, parantu varshachya akheris hornig californiala gela aanee tinhi shirshake robbert doubleu. sampadit karnyasathi qamee. 1940 chya madhyat 'prasiddha vilakshan rahasye' sahchar 'vilakshan kadambya' dekhil pradarshit jhalya; 'vidnyan katha traimasik' pramanech, yaa kadambari naveen-lambichya kamansathi eka vahan mhanoon niyojit kelya gelya hotya, jaree yaa prakaranat kadambya 'munsi' chya pralambit lekhatoon punha chhapalya gelya hotya.
december 1940 madhye 'dhoomketu' chaa pahila ank prakashit jhaala. yamule efchya kshetrat parat yene disun aale. orlean tremen, joou 1930 chya dashakachya madhyat prabhavshali hota, jevha tyane 'aashcharyakarak' sampadanache kaam kele. prakashak, etch-keey prakashne, harrold harsichya malkichi hotee, jeey yapurvi anek ayashasvi masikanmadhye sameel hote-'daad thriller book', 'ghost stories', 'chamatkar vidnyan aanee kalpanaramya katha' aanee 'flash gorden vichitra sahas'. anek naveen masikanchya tulanet katha sahityasathi tremenche budget tulanene jaast hote, parantu yamule 'dhoomketu' adhik aarthik dabavakhali aala asava aanee julai 1941 chya ankasah prakashan thambavoon too keval paach ankansathi tikala.
1941 chya suruvatila februvaripasun suru honanya, ekapathopath eka, 'vidnyan katha jagrut karananya' aanee 'vaishvik katha' yaa aanakhi done niyatkalike prakashit jhaali. heey albing prakashananchya navane karyarat asalelya eka vadil aanee mulane prakashit kele hote; tyanchyakade jawaljawal bhandwal navhate, parantu kalpanaramya sahityasathi konatehi budget naan thevata, konatyahi vetanat niyatkalik sampadit karnyasathi donald walheimla patvoon dile. masik fayadeshir jhalyavar yogdankartyanna paise dene suru karanyachi yojana hotee. polpramanech, walheim anek navodit lekhakanna olakhat hote jeey katha daan karnyas tayar hote aanee cornblothchya 'tera vajale' aanee 'daad ciity inn daad sophasah' kahee changlya kalpanaramya goshti midvanyat yashasvi jhaale, jyache varnan eshale 'anandadayi jeebh-inn-gaal kalpana' mhanoon karatat. jaree march 1942 madhye 'stirring' chya aanakhi eka ankasathi whallhemla dusra prakashak shodhata aala, taree 1941 madhye albing aarthikdrushtya ayashasvi honyapurvi keval sahaa ank prakashit jhaale.
1941 madhye suru jhalelya antim niyatkalikache shirshak 'vilakshan katha' asey hote, jeey goodman bandhunni prakashit kele hote. "chamatkarik vidnyan kathan' chey prakashan 1941 madhye thambale aanee kadachit tyachya yaditil urvarit kahee kathancha vapar karnyasathi 'vilakshan' tayar kele gele. chamatkar' chya shevatchya ankatil tyach mahinyat april 1941 haah ank hota aanee tyat farse kahee upayukt navhate; eshale tippani karatat qee reey cummingschee 'rakshas jantu yene' hii mukhya katha, 'tyachya sarvat bhayanak kathanpaiki eka' hotee.
yuddhachi varshe.
1940 chya suruvatila, fornsworth raitchya jaagi 'vichitra katha' chey sampadak mhanoon dorothy masselwraith yanchi niyukti karnyat aalee, jyanni 'laghukatha' chey sampadanahi kele. masselvrethla bhaypat kshetrat konatehi vishisht kaushalya navhate aanee jaree tee eka saksham sampadak asali taree, samanyapane 'vichitra katha' heey 'ujalpanache yug' manale jaate. raitchya jaanyane, 'adnyat' heey lavkarach tyachya chhotya kshetratil agraganya masik banale. "adnyat" neey niyamit lekhakancha eka sanch midavala, jyapaiki barechjan "aashcharyakarak" madhye dekhil disat hote aanee jyanna serve campabelane agadi kalpanik kathanakachi magani kelelya kathorateshi samadhani hote. varanvar yogdan denadhyanmadhye ell. ronn hubbard, theodor sturgeon aanee ell. spragg dii camp, jyane flatcher pratchya sahkaryane, jyaa jagaat jaadoo tarkik niyamandware chalate tyaa jagabaddal teen katha dilya. yaa katha nantar pratt aanee dii campchya 'apoorn enchanter' malikecha bhag mhanoon gola kelya gelya; johnn clutene tippani kelee aahe qee tyapaiki ekache shirshak, 'jaaduche ganeet', 'jyaa sandnyanmadhye jaaducha ullekh' adnyat 'madhye sahajpane aadhalato tyaa sandnyanche purnapane abhivyakti aahe. ajunahi abhijat manalya jaananya itar kathanmadhye henlenchya 'deey', fritz leaberchya 'smoke ghost', tasech leaberchya fafford aanee grey mouser maliketil anek katha aanee etch. chya 'trouble with watter' yancha samavesh aahe.ell. sonyache. "adnyat' chaa prabhav durgami hota; aeshalechya matey, masikane kalpanaramya aadhunik shaili tayar kelee aanee vidnyan-kalpanik vidwan thomas clarson suchavatat qee ess. eff. aanee kalpanaramya yanchyatil shailichya seema nasht karoon tyane simakchya shahar malikesarkhya katha lihilya jaau dilya. clareson asehi suchavatat qee 'galaxy science fiction' aanee 'daad magazin auph fantsey andd science fiction', done sarvat mahattvachya aanee yashasvi vidnyan-katha aanee kalpanaramya masike, 'adnyat' chey thet vanshaj hote.
1941 madhye weisingerne suruvatichya dii. see. superman comics aanee auskar jeey. varr kaam karnyasathi manak masike sodali. mitrane 'dhakkadayak', 'romanchak aashchary' aanee 'capton future' chey sampadak mhanoon padbhar swikarla; 'vichitra katha', jee weisingerchi kalpana hotee, tee janewari ankasah nasht karnyat aalee. mitrane teen ess. eff. masikanche aanee anekada earl keey. chya mukhprushthanche kishoravayin laksh kendrit kele. bergine, sampadakiy dhoranala balkati dileeh tyanni anekada mahilancha avishvasaniyapane ughad karnare spacesuit kinwa barjicha trademark 'brass brassier' paridhan karane samavisht kele. "capton future' chey prakashan 1944 chya suruvatila bund jhaale aanee nantar tyaa varshi 'friend' chya jaagi 'hacking' aanee 'romanchak' yaa donhi chitrapatanche sampadak mhanoon samm mervin yanchi niyukti karnyat aalee. "grah katha' chya pahilya kahee ankanmadhye thodi ullekhaneey kalpanik katha hotee, parantu sampoorn yuddhadarmyan tyat sudharana jhaali. leh brackett grahanvareel premkatha-pargrahanvaril aanee aantargrahiy antaralatil krutee aanee sahasachya natyatmak kathanmadhye niyamit yogdan dett asat aanee tichya kamacha marrian zimmer bradleys itar lekhakanvar jordar prabhav padala. grah' laa vikalya gelelya itar suprasiddha lekhakanmadhye simak, blish, fredrick braun aanee asimov yancha samavesh hota.
zif-davis yethe, palmer heey dusya mahayuddhadarmyan 'vilakshan sahas' aanee 'aashcharyakarak katha' yaa donhiche sampadak rahile. donhi masikanmadhil bahutansh sahitya shikago-aadharit lekhakanchya gatakadoon aale hote, jyanni tyanchya swatachya navane aanee vividh gharguti topananavanni prakashit kele; sarvat vipul lekhakanpaiki william pii. mcgivern, david rait oo 'bryan, donn willcox aanee chester ess. geear. kalpanik katha kvachitach ullekhaneey hotee; eshale yanni yuddhakalin "vilakshan sahasan" chey varnan "gunavattepeksha pramanavar, sukshmatepeksha tivra sanvedanatmaktevar adhik laksh kendrit karane" asey kele aahe, jaree teey asehi tippani karatat qee teey tyaa kalatil vruttastambhanvaril sarvat aakarshak vidnyan-kalpanik kinwa kalpanaramya masik hote, jyache mukhprushth jeey. elon seent. johnn, harrold mccauli aanee robbert gibson smith. tyachpramane, 'amazing' madheel kalpanaramya katha asman darjachi hotee, jaree kadhikadhi pamarla reey bradbury, erich phrank russell aanee johnn windam yanchya kathansah changli samagri midali.
yaa bharbharatadarmyan suru karnyat aalelya kahee naveen niyatkalike yuddhachya shevataparyant tikali, jyamule kagadachi kamatarata nirman jhaali aanee tyamule prakashakanna katheen nirnay ghenyas bhag padale gele. pratyek masik radd karane heey yuddhamule navhate; niyatkalik prakashanachya nehamichya badalanni dekhil bhoomika bajavali. 1941 madhye, sylberclaitne 12 ankannantar, vikri qamee asalyamule, 'vidnyan katha' radd kelee aanee 'bhavishyatil katha' madhye villin kelee."done varshannantar, jevha sylberklitne tyachya pashchimatya aanee guptaher shirshakansathi midvu shakanara maryadit kagad vaparnyacha nirnay ghetala, tevha tyane" "bhavishyatil" "aanee" "vidnyan katha" "yaa donhiche traimasik prakashan thambavale". akheris 1950 chya dashakat 'vidnyan katha' aanee 'bhavishya' heey donhi punha disu lagale. "keval paach prakaranantar, yuddhakalatil adchaninmule, 1941 madhye, 'vilakshan kadambya' tyachya sthir sathidar 'prasiddha vilakshan rahasye' madhye villin jhalya. 1942 madhye 'prasiddha vilakshan rahasye' munsene lokpriyanna vikali, jeey aadhich 'aashcharyakarak katha' aanee 'super science katha' chey prakashak hote. merrie geneddinger sampadak mhanoon kayam rahili, parantu niyatkalik swarupat prakashit jhalelya kathanchi punarmudran vagalanyasathi sampadakiy dhoran badalale. pustakachya lambiche kaam ajunahi jee. saha punarmudran kele gele. keey. chestertonche 'daad mann huu vj thurday' aanee etch. jee. wells 'daad eyeland auph dow. moro ". yaa ghatanet, yuddhat tikoon rahnyasathi 'prasiddha vilakshan rahasye' hii lokpriy vidnyan-katha aanee kalpanaramya shirshakanpaiki ekmev hotee. 1943 madhye jevha donhi shirshakanche sampadak fredrick pole sainyat bharati jhaale tevha 'aashcharyakarak' aanee 'super science stories' yaa donhi kathanche prakashan thambale; prakashkala purese pepper midvanyat adchan yet hotee aanee tyane masike bund karnyacha nirnay ghetala. tyach varshi, kagadachya kamataratemule johnn campabelala 'aashcharyakarak' aanee 'adnyat' yapaiki eka nivadane bhag padale, jeey aadhich dwimasik velapatrakat gele hote; tyane masik velapatrakat 'aashcharyakarak' thevanyacha nirnay ghetala aanee aktoobar 1943 chya ankasah 'adnyat' prakashan thambavale. "pudhchya mahinyat 'aashcharyakarak' digest formatmadhye badalale; jaree urvarit kshetrane anusaran karnyapurvi eka dashakahun adhik kaal lagel, taree heey kshetra konatya dishene jaeel yasathi eka pramukh soochak hote.
yuddhanantar.
asimov mhanale qee 1945 madhye anubomb takalyamule vidnyan katha samanya lokansathi aadaraniy banalya, parantu keval aath american vidnyan-katha kinwa kalpanaramya masike dusya mahayuddhat tikoon rahilih street andd smithne prakashit keleli 'aashcharyakarak vidnyan katha'; delanichya laghukathanmadhil 'vichitra katha', ink.; manak masikanchya 'dhakkadayak katha' aanee 'romanchak aashcharyakarak katha'; zif-devischya 'aashcharyakarak katha' aanee 'vilakshan sahse'; lokpriy 'prasiddha vilakshan rahasye'; aanee prem pranayramya, ink. dware prakashit 'grah katha'. dwimasik aanee aashcharyakarak asalelya, ajunahi agraganya ess. eff. masik asalelya 'vichitra katha' vagalata, yuddhamule sarvanna timahi velapatrakavar nenyas bhag padale gele hote. mukhya pravahatil masikanni yuddhanantar vidnyan katha prakashit karnyas suruvat kelee. 1969 saalee asimovne aathavalyanantar, shaniwar sandhyakalchya postmadhye tyachya 'prakat' jhalelya 'vidnyan katha' chee eka akhand katha, henlenne chahatyanna aanee sahkari lekhakanna aashcharyachakit kele. asimovchya matey, lahan vidnyan-kalpanik masikanpasoon teey playboysarkhya mothya bajarpethetil prakashananparyant anubhavi lekhakanchya hanimule lahan masikanna "yaa kshetrachya navyane jinkalelya sanmanacha" fayda honyapasoon anekada rokhale gele.
campabelala naveen lekhak shodhane suruch rahileh william teena, etch. beam piper, arther see. clark aanee johnn christopher yaa sarvanni 1940 chya dashakachya uttaradhat tyanchi pahili vikri 'aashcharyakarak' kelee aanee tyanni see. chya 'wintage season' saha aata abhijat manalya jaananya anek katha prakashit kelya.ell. muur, "haat jodoon..."jacq williamson, eae. dware" "lenschee mule".eae. smith aanee aaa dware 'daad players auph null-aaa'.eae. vanne vogt. yuddhachi varshe 'aashcharyakarak' mhanoon chinhankit karananya shodhacha veg aata mand hott hota aanee ashlechya shabdat, heey masik aata 'tyachya gauravanvar visamboon hote'. 1950 madhye, campabelane ell. chya dyneticswar eka lekh prakashit keela. ronn hubbard; haah eka manasshastriy siddhant hota joou akheris vaidnyanikshastra, eka naveen dharm mhanoon vikasit jhaala. vaidyakeey vyavasayane dyneticscha chhadmavidnyan mhanoon nishedh keela hota, parantu 'aashcharyakarak' chya anek vachakanchya nirashatesathi 1951 paryant campabelane tyala nakar deela navhata.
saam mervin, jyane yuddhachya akheris manak masikanmadhil auskar mitrakadoon padbhar swikarla hota, tyane 'dhakkadayak' aanee 'romanchak' yaa donhi vaishishtyancha baal drushtikon sodoon deela; tyane bergila tyache mukhprushth adhik vastavadi banavanyas sangitale aanee murii linster, george oo yanchya kamasah adhik kathor vidnyan katha prakashit karnyas suruvat kelee. smith aanee hubbard. tyane jacq vancecha pahila seela, 'daad world thinker' vikat ghetala, joou 1945 madhye prakashit jhaala aanee reey bradburyne tyachya anek mangalkalin itihas kathansah bharpur sahitya prakashit kele. campbelchya 'aashcharyakarak' lekhakanchya sthirankatil kahee sarvoch-profile nave mervinla vikali gelee, jyat vanne vogt, henlen aanee sturgeon yancha samavesh aahe, jyanche 'aakash jahajanni bharale hote' 1947 madhye disu lagale aanee vachakanni tyanchi khoop prashansa kelee. itar ullekhaneey kathanmadhye fredrick braunche 1948 madhye prakashit jhalele 'vhat madd universe' aanee katnarchya 'valley auph daad flame' yaa 'shorling' madhye prakashit jhalelya anek vidnyan-kalpanaramya kadambyanpaiki eka yancha samavesh aahe. johnn dii. sarkhe lekhak. mcdonald, margaret seent. clair, william teena, arther see. clark, james blish aanee dayman nite heey serve mervinla vikale gele aanee nivval parinam donhi masikanchya gunavattet eka natyamay sudharana hotee, asha tappyavar jithe eshale suchavato qee 1940 chya dashakachya uttaradhat, visheshtah, maidanachya netrutvasathi 'aashcharyakarak' karnyasathi 'romanchak aashchary' eka gambhir aavhanatmak hote.
"dashakachya akheris 'grahanchya katha' madhye dekhil lakshaniy sudharana jhaali. blish, braun aanee nights anek suprasiddha lekhakanni 'grah' madhye changli samagri prakashit kelee, parantu ekoon sudharana mukhyatve bradbury aanee leh brackett yanchya yogdanamule jhaali, jyanni tyanchya anek katha mangalavar mandalya jyaa edger tandalachya burashichya barsumla khoop dene hote. grahachya sarvat vipul yogdankartyanpaiki eka asalelya bracketne 1940 chya dashakat tichi shaili vikasit kelee aanee akheris grahanvareel premkatha sanganari pramukh pratipadak bunley. erich johnn starkbaddalchya tichya kathanchi malika, eshalene tiche sarvottam kaam manale, 1949 chya unhali ankat 'queen auph daad martian catacomb' saha 'grah' madhye suru jhaali. bradburychya 'grah' yaa karyat tyachya done mangalkalin itihas katha aanee 1946 madhye prakashit jhalelya 'lorelli auph daad reed mist' yaa bracketchya sahkaryacha samavesh hota. pulpscha itihaskar, team forrest, bradburychya karyala 'grah' chey 'yaa shailitil sarvat mahattvache yogdan' manatat. cover samanyatah sadhya krutichi drushye hotee, jyat eka asahay muliche vaishishtya hote, jyala bugg-aayad rakshasakadun dhoka hota, parantu klutnusar "kavharpeksha majkoor khoopach atyadhunik hota".
"farnsworth raitchya jaanyane 'vichitra kathan' neey aapali aagalivegali chav gamavali hotee, parantu aeshalechya matey, missilvrethne masik adhik susangat keleh 'jaree missilvrethne sampadit kelele mudde kvachitach riteche uchch bindu gathatat, taree tyanni khalchya patali dekhil vagalalya. fradrick braun aanee fritz lieber yansarkhya kahee lokpriy lekhakanni 'vichitra katha' prakashit karane suru thewale, parantu talwar aanee jadutona katha, jyaa robbert eae. howardney tyachya conan, soloman qeena aanee brann muck morning yaa kathandware under raitala lokpriy kele hote. 1937 madhye tyanchya mrutyuparyant lovecraftshee sanvad sadhananya august derlethne 1940 chya dashakat lovecraft hastalikhite masselvrethla pathvane suru thewale aanee dashakachya shevati tyanni 1939 madhye suru kelela eka prakashan upkram, arkam hausachi jahirat karnyasathi eka masik jaaree karnyacha nirnay ghetala, jeey mothya pramanat "vichitra kathanchya" prushthanvarun punarmudran kele gele. daad arkam sampler' heey shirshak hote; derlethcha hetu ess. eff. aanee kalpanaramya pulpschya sadhyachya pikapeksha adhik sahityik masik asane haah hota. tyane naveen aanee punarmudran sahitya donhi prakashit kele. robbert blotch aanee laurd dunsney yanchya kamasah kahee katha changlya darjachya hotya, parantu aarthik karananmule aath timahi ankanantar tyaa bund jhalya.
zif-davis yethe, yuddhadarmyanpramanech 'vilakshan sahas' chaloo rahile, jyat theodor sturgeonchi 'largo' aanee charles eff. chee 'aay will dream auph yuu' yasarkhya adhunmadhun ullekhaneey katha hotya. myers. vilakshan sahse' aanee tyache bhagini masik, 'aashcharyakarak katha', heey donhi 1947 chya uttaradhat masik prakashanat parat yeu shakale kaaran 'shaver mystery' hii richard shevharchi kathanchi malika hotee. march 1945 chya 'amazing' pamarchya ankat shaverne 'aay remember lemuria' navachi eka katha prakashit kelee. pragaitihasik sanskratimbaddalchi katha, pamar yanni satya aanee kalpanaramya yanche mishran mhanoon sadar kelee hotee aanee tyacha parinam aashcharyakarak sanskratichya prasarala natyamay chalana denara hota. pamarne pratyek ankat eka naveen shaver katha lihili, jyachi parinati juuna 1947 madhye eka vishesh ankat jhaali, joou purnapane shevharchya rahasyala samarpit hota. "amazing' yaa kathanchi lavkarach khilli udavali gelee aanee william ziffney palmerla masikatil shevershee sambandhit sahityache praman maryadit karnyache aadesh dile; palmarne tyache palan kele, parantu yaa prakarchya sahityatil tyachi ruchi (aanee kadachit vishvas) aata lakshaniy hotee aanee tyane lavkarach zif-davis sodanyacha vichar suru keela. 1947 madhye tyanni clark prakashne sthapan kelee, pudhchya varshi 'nasheeb' suru kele aanee 1949 madhye tyanni teey aanee itar niyatkalike sampadit karnyasathi zif-devisacha rajinama deela.
march 1948 madhye, 'vilakshan kadambya' punha disu lagalya; tee 'prasiddha vilakshan rahasye', jee aata lokpriy aahe, tyanchi punarmudran sahchar mhanoon 'munsi' neey prakashit kelee hotee aanee tyachya naveen avtarat tyach bhoomikechi dakhal ghetali. sampadak, geneddinger, abraham meritchya kamache chahate hote aanee naveen aavruttichya pahilya teen ankanmadhye meritchya kathancha samavesh hota. george allon englandchya 'daad flying leason' aanee garrett pii. yasarkhya junya abhijat pustakanchi punarmudran. sarvisachya 'daad sekand deluff' madhye bahutek 'vilakshan kadambya' samavisht hotya, jyat kutner aanee muur yanchya 'pruthvicha shevatcha killa' yasarkhya kahee alikadil samagricha samavesh hota, jee yapurvi 1943 madhye 'argosi' madhye malika mhanoon disali hotee.
pachan yugachi suruvat.
sarvat pradirgh kalapasoon prasthapit aanee sarvat aadaraniy masik prakashakanpaiki eka asalelya street andd smithne 1949chya unhalyat tyanche serve palp bund kele. pulps maroo lagale hote, mukhytah pocketbookchya yashamule aanee street andd smithne tyanchya chapal masikanvar laksh kendrit karnyacha nirnay ghetala. street andd smithchya palp shirshakanpaiki ekmev vachalela 'digest-format' haah 'aashcharyakarak vidnyan katha' hota. 1955chya akheris, 'vilakshan sahse', 'prasiddha vilakshan rahasye', 'romanchak aashchary', 'dhakkadayak katha', 'grah katha', 'vichitra katha' aanee 'vilakshan katha' yaa sarvanche prakashan bund jhaale hote. palpachi ghasaran jhaali asali taree, 1940 chya dashakachya akheris kahee naveen niyatkalike palp swarupat disu lagali, jaree hii serve alpakalin hotee aanee tyapaiki anek naveen sahityapeksha punarmudranavar kendrit hotee.
yuddhanantarchya pahilya naveen shirshakanpaiki eka mhanje 'kalpanaramya pustak', jeey 1947 madhye prakashit jhaale. heey vilyam crofford yaa vishesh prakashakache kaam hote aanee teey palp aanee digestchya aakarat bhinn hote. croffordla vitaran aanee nirmitimadhye adachani aalya aanee heey masik kadhihi niyamit navhate, parantu tyanni pudhil chaar varshant aath ank tayar kele jyat kahee upayukt samagri samavisht hotee, visheshtah janewari 1950 chya ankat cordwenner smithchi pahili katha, "scanner vyarth rahatat".
lokpriyanni 1948 madhye 'prasiddha vilakshan rahasye' chaa sathidar mhanoon 'vilakshan kadambya' jodalya hotya; pudhchya varshi tyanni 'aaa' haah chitrapat suru keela. merritche kalpanaramya masik, 'meritchya lokpriyatecha fayda uthavanyachya prayatnat' aanee 'capton ziro', eka vidnyan-kalpanik nayak palp. donhi ayashasvi tharale, jeey anukrame fakt paach aanee teen mudde tikale. dashakachya akheris changlya manalya jaananya manakanchya 'dhakkadayak katha' aanee 'romanchak aashchary' yaa donhi goshti 1950 madhye done punarmudran masikanni jodalya. eka 'traimasik vilakshan katha' hotee, jyacha uddesh 'dhakkadayak' chya 'holl auph fame' vibhagat chalanyasathi khoop lamb asalelya punarmudrananna gheuun jaanyacha hota. suruvatila heey aarthikdrushtya yashasvi tharale aanee mankane 'aashchary katha varshik' heey aanakhi eka shirshak jodanyacha nirnay ghetala. donhi shirshake 1950chya dashakachya madhyaparyant tikoon rahili. punarmudran niyamache done apavad hote, 'bhavishyatil vidnyan katha', jee meey 1950 madhye dwimasik palp mhanoon parat aanali, jee ajunahi londesdware sampadit kelee gelee aanee 'out auph diss world adventures' dekhil palp swarupat, jyat vidnyan-kalpanik samagri aanee comixchi kahee prushthe ektrit kelee gelee. prakashak evon yane tyach swarupache eka pranay masik aanee eka pashchatya masik dekhil suru kele, parantu prayog ayashasvi tharala aanee 'out auph daad world adventures' julai aanee december 1950 yaa done ankansathich tikala. 1950 chya akheris goodman bandhunni ess. eff. masikanmadhye eka naveen teji hotana pahilyanantar 'chamatkarik vidnyan katha' punha disu lagalya; tee eka palp mhanoon suru jhaali, parantu pudhchya varshi tee digestmadhye badalali. niyatkalikachya pahilya avtarapeksha hii kalpanik katha uchch darjachi hotee, parantu tee done varshanpeksha qamee kaal chalali.
1943 pasoon 'aashcharyakarak' heey digest swarupat asale taree, tevhapasoon kahee naveen digest masike suru karnyat aalee hotee. yaa spardhet sahbhagi jhalelya pahilya lokanpaiki eka mhanje 'itar jug', raymond pamarche zif-davis sodalyanantarche pahile naveen ess. eff. masik. too november 1949 madhye pradarshit jhaala aanee pahilya varshasathi dwimasik hota. palmarne reey bradbury, aaa. yanchya katha hastagat kelya.eae. vanne vogt aanee raymond eff. johns, parantu ekoon gunavatta uchch navhati; eshale yaa niyatkalikache varnan "changle, parantu purese changle nahee" asey karato. howard braunane pamarkadoon 'aashcharyakarak' aanee 'vilakshan sahasan' chey sampadak mhanoon padbhar swikarla aanee donhi masikanchi gunavatta sudharanyasathi pavale uchalali, jaree tyacha barachsa prabhav 1950 nantarach disun aala.
december 1949 madhye, ellery queens mystery masikache sampadak laurence spivak yanni 'daad magazin auph fantsey' heey eka kalpanik sahchar mhanoon, digest swarupat suru kele. sampadak anthany boucher, eka suprasiddha rahasy lekhak hote, jyanni kahee vidnyan katha lihilya aanee jeey. francis macomas. pudhil ankasah 'daad magazin auph fantsey andd science fiction' asey tyache punarnamkaran karnyat aale aanee 1950 madhye aanakhi chaar traimasik ank prakashit jhaale. tyateel majkoor tyaa kalatil chapal masikanmadhye prakashit jhalelya kalpanaramya sahityasarkhach darjacha hota aanee too lavkarach yashasvi jhaala. aktoobar 1950 madhye 'galaxy science fiction' chaa pahila ank prakashit jhaala, jyache sampadan etch.ell. suvarn, jeey pachanyachya swarupat dekhil hote; tyane dekhil changli kamgiri kelee aanee 1950 chya dashakat donhi niyatkalike atishay uchch manali jaau lagali, jyane agraganya vidnyan-kalpanik niyatkalike mhanoon 'aashcharyakarak' sthan ghetale.
1950 madhye aanakhi teen niyatkalikanche prakashan suru jhaale, serve digest swarupat. pahila hota 'kalpanaramya katha', jyane done mudde tayar kele. tyat 1930 chya dashkatil 'argosi' chya kahee aadaraniy punarmudrit sahityacha samavesh hota, parantu naveen kathanpaiki ekahi katha sansmaraniy navhati. aktoobar 1950 madhye, raymond palmer, jyane zif-davis sodoon swatachya ujavikade prakashak honyasathi 'imagination' suru kele. unhalyat jhalelya eka gambhir apghatamule tyanna bahutek sampadanache kaam bii mahafikade valvave lagale aanee done ankannantar tyanni heey masik william hamlingla vikale, jyanni teey 1958 paryant chaloo thewale. dashkatil antim masik 'worlds beyond' hote, jeey dayman nite yanni sampadit kele hote, jeey december 1950 madhye prakashit jhaale aanee teen masik ankanparyant chalale; prakashak, hillman niyatkalikanni, pahila ank vikrivar aalyanantar kahee divasannich heey masik radd karnyacha nirnay ghetala. tinhi ankanmadhye darjedar kaam hote aanee anek katha varanvar punarmudran kelya gelya aahet; vilam tenche 'null-pii' aanee see.emm. cornblothcha 'daad mindworm' haah kadachit sarvat prasiddha aahe. nitemadhye grahm greeney aanee rudyard kippling sarkhya gair-shaili lekhakanchya sahityasah catherine mclean aanee lester dell reey yasarkhya shailichya navancha samavesh hota. eshale suchavatat qee jarr nightla pudhe jaanyachi parvanagi dilee gelee asatee tarr 1950 chya vidnyan katha sahityat heey masik mahattvapoorn yogdan dile asate.
duheri divas, sayman andd schuster aanee itar mothya, mukhya pravahatil kampanyanni 1950 chya sumaras vidnyan-kalpanik pustake prakashit karnyas suruvat kelee. tyanni fixing aanee masik kalpanaramya sangrah jaaree kele, parantu mool katha dekhil; lekhakankade aata keval kharedidar mhanoon masike navhati.
masikanchi yadee.
hii sarani khaleel mahitee pradan karateh