johnn merrick (vima)

johnn merrick (1859-1919) haah eka american vyapari hota. uttar carolinatil clinton yethe gulamgirit janmalelya merikne rele, uttar carolina aanee uttar carolina bhagat, visheshtah uttar carolina paraspar jeevan vima companymadhye vividh kampanya sthapan kelya. tyachya sampatticha kahee bhag paropkaradvare krishnavarniy samudayat parat pathvanyat aala. tyanchya vyavsayik kaushalyane aanee samajik jaanivne tyanna tyanchya aayushyatil african-american samajatil sarvat prabhavshali sadasyanpaiki eka banavale.
prarambhik jeevan.
7 september 1859 roji uttar carolinatil clinton yethe gulamgirit merikcha janm jhaala. tyachya muktinantar, merrick eka punarrachanavadi shalet vachayala aanee lihayala shikala. yaa velee navyane mukt jhalele bahutek krishnavarniy lock keval jaganyacha prayatna karat hote, kaaran tyanchya prabhavshali samakakshankade asalelya anek adhikarancha tyanchyakade abhav hota. krishnavarniy lokannahi tyanchya muktis virodh sthapan pakshapati goryankadoon spasht bhedbhav aanee aarthik sandhincha abhav sahan karava lagla. yaa vatavaranat vadhalelya mericala tyache aaee-vadil aanee bhavandanna aadhar denyasathi lahan vayatach kaam suru karave lagale. jivanavashyak goshti purn karnyasathi 'bandhkamatil vishrantichya kalat' ekach velee nhavicha vyavasay shikat asatana merrick eka vitancha karagir banala. vitanchya baganmadhye, merikne durhamchya garib krishnavarniy loksankhyekade pratyaksh pahile, "jyanchya aakasmikatene tyanchya sanrakshanasathi kahitari karnyacha vichar tyachya manat aala". tyachya suruvatichya suruvatichya eka keshkartan dukan udhyojak mhanoon aanee nantar eka vyavsayik mogal aanee paropkari mhanoon merikchya bhavishyatil yashacha marg mokala keela.
vyavsayik karkird.
napit.
merikcha pahila aarthikdrushtya yashasvi vyavasay mhanje durham bhagatil nhani dukananchi tyachi malki hotee. keshkartyanchya dukanatil tyanchya aarthik kamgirimule tyanna nantarche vyavsayik prayatna suru karnyasathi aavashyak anubhav aanee sansadhane midali. merrick johnn rait yaa "sahkari "sahkari madhye sameel jhaala, jyane durhammadhye "[naichya] vyavasayachi sthapana karnyacha" nirnay ghetala aanee "naveen dukanat [merrick] nokri deu kelee". akheris, merrick keshkartyachya dukanat bhagidar banala aanee shevati rait nivrutt jhalyavar too vyavasayacha ekmev malak banala. durham keshkartyachya dukanachya malkimule mericala prachand vaiyaktik yash midale. too "ashikshit, swayam-prashikshit mulapasoon eka yashasvi vyapari aanee motha nagrik" banala. johnn aine. ingam namood karato qee 1800 chya dashakachya uttaradhat kahee krishnavarniyanni vyavsayik yashasathi ashee nipunata darshavili.
merikne nantar aanakhi anek shakha ughadun keshkartyanchya dukanacha vistar keela aanee too atyant yashasvi jhaala. keshkartyanchya dukanatil vyavasayatil tyachya udhyojak anubhavandvare, merikne sampatti jamaa kelee aanee tyaa kalatil anek pramukh prabhavshali kutumbanshi sambandh prasthapit karnyas saksham hota. tyachya aarthik yashamule tyala tyachya kutumbasathi eka bhavya "sahaa kholyanchi kuteer" vikat gheuun kahise udhalpattine jagata aale.
merikchya keshkartyanchya dukananmadhye 'shrimant prabhavshali purushanchi seva hotee' aanee merikchya premal aanee mehanati vruttimule-too nihswarth aanee paropkari asalyache olakhale jaat hote-tyachya shaktishali prabhavshali grahakanna tyache mitra bananyachi parvanagi midali. durhamchya african american samudayatil anek vruddha sadasyanni mericala tyachya prabhavshali vishvasoo vyaktinkadun midalelya vilakshan bhetvastunchya katha sangitalya. tyachya keshkartyanchya dukanatil vyavasayane jyaa sampark aanee natesambandhanna parvanagi dilee, tyamule tyachya bhavishyatil vyavsayik upkramanmadhye changli kamgiri hoil aanee prabhavshali varchasva asalelya samajat bharbharatisathi aavashyak samajik kaushalye vikasit karnyas tyala saksham karel. keshkartyachya dukanane johnn mericala jeey yash midvoon dile teey eka krishnavarniyasathi asamanya hote. punarbandhani nuktich purn jhaali hotee, tarihi merrick aadhich aarthik vanshik adthale paar karoo lagla hota. tyaa kalatil asankhya pramukh prabhavshali kutumbanmadhil tyanchi sampatti aanee prabhav yaa kalat tyanchya vanshatil konasathi taree atyant durmil hota aanee yaa sansadhananni aanakhi vaiyaktik yashacha marg mokala keela.
vima vyavasay.
merikche yash tithech thambale nahee-tyachya keshkartyanchya dukanatil upkramanmadhun navyane midalelya anubhavane tyala itar anek samruddha companyanchya nirmitisathi payabharani karoon vyavsayik jagaat pudhe nele. yaa salag vyavasayanmule prachand sampatti aanee aarthik suraksha midali. udhyojakatela chalana denyacha tyancha pravas tyachya kalatil eka krishnavarniy mansansathi vilakshan hota aanee mhanunach too vilakshan hota, tarihi durham shaharakade 'nyu orlinsarkhya junya shaharanmadhye' aadhalanare 'pandhare abhijat varg' navhate. johnn merikche vividh vyavsayik prayatna tyachya praudhavasthet bharbharatila aale; yamadhye prasiddha north carolina mutual company, merrick-muur-spaulding real istet company, mechanics aanee farmers banq aanee bull ciity drugg companychya nirmititil tyacha sahbhag samavisht hota. aar. andreau mccants yanni tippani kelee qee, "joou manus swatacha vyavasay chalavanyat vaiyaktikaritya khoop yashasvi jhaala aahe", joou merikchya babatit tyachi napit dukane hotee, too "samudayik udhyoganmadhye neta banato", haah parakram tyane tyachya vividh companyanchya sthapanesah sadhya keela.
north carolina mutual life insurance companychi nirmiti heey merikche sarvat fayadeshir aanee ullekhaneey upkram hote. tyane durhamchya prabhavshali prabhavshali kutumbanshi tyache sambandh jopasle jeey tyachya nihswarth vyaktimatva aanee vishvasarh vyavsayik paddhatinmadhun vikasit jhaale hote, kaaran tyane vyavasay suru karnyasathi tyacha ichchuk mitra aanee grahak washington dukekadoon karj sweekarle hote. dukecha vaiyaktik nhavi asalyane, teey doghe itake jawalche sathidar banale qee duke tyachya naveen companychya suruvatichya kharchasathi paise karj denyas tayar hota. sobatach dow. aaron muur aanee charles see. spaulding, merikne "united statesmadhil sarvat junya aanee sarvat mothya african american jeevan vima companychi" sampatti vadhavanyas madat kelee. north carolina mutual prachand yashasvi tharale-companyne 4,986 dollarcha vima vikala aanee sampoorn americetil anek dakshinekadil rajyanmadhye vyavasay keela. haah udyog tyaa kalatil "jagatil sarvat motha nigro vyavasay" mhanoon vadhala, jyamule merrick haah tyaa kalatil sarvat yashasvi krishnavarniy purushanpaiki eka banala.
atirikt vyavsayik upkram.
merikchya itar vyavsayik upkramanmule tyala samruddhi, shakti aanee prasiddhi dekhil midali. african american lokanchya malkichi aanee niyantrit asaleli durhammadhil pahili banq, yantriki aanee shetkari bankechya sthapanet aanee yashat teey "prabhavshali" hote, jee "vegane" vadhali aanee tyaveli krishnavarniy nagarikankadun "changlya prakare samarthit" hotee. yavyatirikt, merikne durham yethe bull ciity drugg company yaa atyant aavashyak asalelya african american aushadhanchya dukanachya nirmitimadhye mahattvapoorn bhoomika bajavali. tyanusar aar. andreau mccants hii bail shahar aushadh company "khoop yashasvi" hotee aanee 1920 paryant "ajunahi bharbharatila aalee" jevha mcantsney mericover tyache charitra lihile. merikchya anek yashasvi vyavsayik upkramanmule tyala sampatti, shakti aanee prabhav midala jyavar tyaa kalatil itar anek african american dawa karoo shakale naheet. punarbandhaninantarchya kalatil itar bahutek krishnavarniy lokanpeksha, jyanna satat 'nimn vansh' mhanoon sambodhale jaat asey, mericala tyachya samajat varr pahile jaat asey aanee teey durhamchya nagarikanmadhye sattechi eka suprasiddha vyakti banale. durhamchya 'mothya goryan' shhee asalele tyache prabhavi sambandh aanee tyachya shaharatil lokanshi 'mitra bananyachya' kshamatemule durhamcha krishnavarniy samuday mericala 'eka prakarcha jadugar' manat asey. teey keval tyanchya aarthik kamgirimadhyech adviteey yashasvi jhaale naheet tarr tyanchya vyaktimatvamule, buddhibalamule aanee yashamule tyanna krishnavarniy aanee goryanmadhun samaan aadar midala, jase qee durhamchya nagarikanshi asalelya tyanchya maitritoon disun yete, jeey tyaa kalatil sarvat garib krishnavarniy krishnavarniy teey sarvat pramukh shvetvarniy kutumbanparyant hote.
durhammadhil african-american samudayasathi yogdan.
merikne tyache vyavsayik yash paropkaradvare durhamchya african-american samudayat parat aanale. tyaa kalatil bahutek prabhavshali aanee shaktishali american nagrik gore hote aanee african american garibi, aavashyak sevancha abhav aanee shikshanacha abhav yaa samasyanche nirakaran karnyasathi tyanna pureshi kalji navhati. kharey tarr, goryanni krishnavarniyanna adnyani thevun aanee tyanna jyaa seva aapan aaj duyyam manato tyaa nakarun tyanna qamee lekhanyasathi tyanchya margatoon baher kadhale. yethech merikne paul thewale-tyane sthapan karnyat madat kelelya pratyek companyne durhamchya african american lokanna aavashyak seva pradan kelee jee anyatha tyanna kadachit upalabdh jhaali nasati. aekhadyache durdaivi bhavitavya jhalyas tyachya kutumbachi aarthik kalji ghetali jaeel heey jaanun ghetalyane surakshitatechi bhavna nirman hote aanee merikne north carolina mutual life insurance company suru kelee tevha duramchya krishnavarniyanna hii suraksha dilee. too "tyachya vanshasathi vima sanrakshn puravinyabaddal chintit hota" aanee tyane keshkartyachya vyavasayatil tyachya suruvatichya yashacha vapar eka naveen company suru karnyasathi keela jee hii chinta qamee karel aanee tyachya lokanna madat karel.
merikchya pahilya companychya nirmitine itar marganmadhye sankraman mhanoon kaam kele jyamule merrick tyachya african american samudayala madat karoo shakalah tyane merrick-mooar-spaulding real istet company suru kelee jenekarun durhammadhil krishnavarniyanna sthavar malmatta vima upalabdh hoil, kaaran niyamanni north carolinachya paraspar jivanala grahakanna hii seva denyas pratibandh keela. merikchya krishnavarniy yantradnya aanee shetkari bankechya sthapanene krishnavarniy nagarikanna vaiyaktik aanee vyavsayik kharchala chalana denyasathi aavashyak banking seva dekhil pradan kelya, kaaran gulamanchya muktinantarchya yugat, dakshinetil bahutek shvetvarniy bankanni krishnavarniyanna paise karj denyas nakar deela. yavyatirikt, johnn merikne rangeet aushadhanchya dukanachya nirmitimule duramchya african american loksankhyela aavashyak aushadhe aanee upay upalabdh jhaale jeey tyanna upalabdh navhate, kaaran dukan ughadanyachya velee, durammadhye fakt eka african american aushadhanche dukan hote, jeey "loksankhyesathi madhyavarti sthanavar navhate". shevati, merikne durhamchya african american mulansathi sarvajanik granthalayasathi "ghar puravanyasathi" madat kelee aanee granthalayachya dekhbhalisathi $1,000 daan kele. tyachya paropkari vyavsayik upkramandvare aanee tyachya jamaa jhalelya sampatticha dharmaday vapar karoon, merikne durhamchya krishnavarniyanna anek aavashyak seva pradan kelya jyaa anyatha tyanna mahit nasatya aanee tyanna upalabdh nasatya.
merikne keval durhamchya krishnavarniy nagarikanchya jivanacha darja vadhavanyasathi aapali sampatti durham samudayat parat prasarit kelee nahee tarr tyanna nokarichya sandhee dekhil dilya jyaa tyanna maheet nasatya kinwa anyatha upalabdh honar naheet. punarbandhaninantarchya kalat, african american vyavsayik disanyachi shakyata qamee hotee. jaree krishnavarniy gulamanchi sutka houn kahee dashake jhaali asali taree teey amerikechya samajik padanukramachya talashi rahile. vanshik nikashanni asey tharavale hote qee tyanni tyanchya natevaikanchya pavlavar paul thevun-tyanchya palakanni aanee aajee-aajobanni kelele kaam karave. yaa "kamat" pramukhyane sheticha samavesh hota, kaaran bahutek mukt jhalele gulam tyanchya muktinantar bhagkari banale, kaaran tyanna fakt shetich maheet hotee. tathapi, merikchya anek vyavasayanni krishnavarniyansathi naveen aanee vegvegalya rojgarachya sandhee nirman kelya jyaa tyanna anyatha upalabdh jhalya nasatya.
vaiyaktik jeevan.
1880 madhye, merrick tyachi patni martha hunter meriksobat uttar carolinatil ralley yethe rahat hota, jithe tyane nhani shalet shikshan ghetale. 1900 paryant, merrick kutumbat paach mule hotee-teen mulee (jineva, mabel aanee martha) aanee done mule (edward aanee johnn). gharat itar vistarit kutumbatil sadasyanchahi samavesh hota.
varsa.
durhammadhye eka naveen krishnavarniy madhyamvarg udayas aala. shaharatil krishnavarniy abhijat vargala goryanna nako asalelya, katheen, chalatya udhyoganna swikaranyaivaji sthavar malmatta, vima, banking aanee aushadhanirman udhyogancha shodh ghenyachi sandhee midali. merikchya charitrat asey namood kele aahe qee krishnavarniy samudayatil "tarun pharmacist" jyanna tyancha vyavasay karanyachi sandhee navhati, tyanna shevati bull ciity drugg companychya vikasasah tyanna kharokharach havee asaleli nokri miloo shakali. merikne tyache anek vyavasay suru kele nasate tarr tyanna upalabdh nasnare rojgarache paryay shodhanyachi sandhee akher durhamchya krishnavarniyanna midali. merikchya shaktishali darjane durhamchya krishnavarniy samudayasathi eka udaharan mhanoon dekhil kaam kele qee teey tyanchya tvachecha rung kahihi asso, teey pramukhata midvu shakatat aanee udhyojak yash prapt karoo shakatat. tyache aarthik yash aanee vadhatya prabhavamule tyanna aasha midali-jarr johnn merrick, ekekali gulamgirit adakalela krishnavarniy, swatacha vyavasay suru karoo shakala aanee shevati samrajya qaa nirman karoo shakala nahee? journal auph nigro histree' neey nondavale aahe qee, krishnavarniyanna aata naveen vyavsayanmadhye nokri midvanyachi kinwa swatacha vyavasay tayar karanyachi sandhee midalyamule teey 'eka naveen samajik, aarthik aanee bauddhik vyavasthet udayas aale'. udaharanarth, merikchya vividh companyanchya yashanantar, durhamchya itar krishnavarniy nagarikanni eka hojari girani suru kelee, jyache yash itake mothe hote qee "lavkarach tyat chauda giranyanchi sakhali hotee". johnn merikchya udaharanamule chendu kalya vyavasayat gundalala gela, jyamule durhammadhye eka adviteey 'black wall street' tayar jhaala. merikne durhamchya krishnavarniyanmadhye aarthik samruddhi nirman karnyas madat kelee, jyane bhavishyatil swatantra, sushikshit aanee anubhavi krishnavarniy vyavsayikanchya swayampurn samudayachya sthapanecha paya rachala, jeey vanshik samanatechya ladhyatil aanakhi eka chhote paul hote.
johnn merrick heey uttar carolinachya itihasatil eka apavadatmak vyaktimatva hote. tyaa velee krishnavarniy lokansathi nehamichya asamanya asalelya samruddhisathi tyane keval vanshik bhoomikanna virodh keela nahee, tarr goryanchya pathimbyane too mahanatekade dekhil gela. tyanantar merikne aapali sampatti aaplya samudayat parat pathavali aanee asey karoon krishnavarniyanna seva dilya jyamule tyanche jivanman sudharle aanee tyanna naveen aanee vaividhyapurn nokarichya sandhee upalabdh karoon dilya. tyachya kamgirine eka udaharan mhanoon kaam kele jyane durhammadhye krishnavarniy vyapari vargache udayasathi darvaje ughadale.
maranottar manyata.
see. sobat johnn mericala olakhale gele.see. spalling ess. aanee 2 november 2019 roji aine. see. madheel durham yethe jhalelya durham 150 chya samarop samarambhat 150 vya vardhapan deane sanman aayogane richard fitzgerald yanna mukhya sanman mhanoon sanmanit kele. deshatil sarvat majboot african american udhyojak antahkshetranpaiki eka sthapan sthapan navinyapurn nete mhanoon durhamla dilelya yogdanabaddal yaa gatala maranottar manyata denyat aalee.

