
pradeshanusar qalaa

pradeshanusar qalaa
africa.
african qalaa african sanskratinchya vividhateche pratibimb aahe. aafriketali sarvat junie astitvat asaleli qalaa mhanje nayajarmadhye sapadalelya 6,000 varshe junya koreev kamanchi aahet, tarr egyptmadhil gizache mahan pyramid heey iphel towerchya nirmitiparyant 4,000 varshe jagatil sarvat unch sthapatyakaleche yash hote. lalibela yetheel ekashila churchche ethiopian sankul, jyapaiki church auph seent george pratinidhi aahe, heey abhiyantrikiche aanakhi eka chamatkar manale jaate.
african nrutya hii sandnya pramukhyane up-sahara aafriketil nrutyanna sandarbhit karate. uttar africa aanee saharamadhil sangeet aanee nrutye samanyatah purvekadil sangitashi adhik jawalun jodaleli aahet. european aanee ashiyai vanshachya sthalantaritanchi nrutye (udaa.jee. dakshin aafriket) yaa lekhat samavisht naheet.
african nrutyakade african sangitachya jawalun pahile pahije.
african nrutyache eka madhyavarti vaishishtya mhanje teey bahukendrik aahe. yacha arth assa qee-jagatil itar anek pradeshanpramane-sharirala 'kadak' ekak manale jaat nahee parantu halchalinchya anek kendranmadhye (khande, chhati, shroni, haat, paay ii.) vibhagale jaate.) jeey sangitachya vividh laybaddh ghatakannusar halavale jaau shakate kinwa tyanche swatache laybaddh ghatak dekhil jodale jaau shakatat. anek european nrutyadigdarshananmadhye sarvat mahattvachi bhoomika bajavana sampoorn sharirachya jagetoon honanya halchalinchya ulat, yamule sharirachya aat atishay guntaguntichya halchali houu shakatat.
aafrikeche sangeet haah tethil sarvat gatishil qalaa prakaranpaiki eka aahe. egypt heey byanch kalapasoon arab jagache sanskrutik kendra rahile aahe, tarr up-sahara aafrikechya, visheshtah paschim aafriketil talanche smaran, atlantic gulamanchya vyaparadvare aadhunik samba, blues, jaz, rege, rapp aanee rock andd rolmadhye prasarit kele gele. khandachya aadhunik sangeetat dakshin aafrikeche atyant guntaguntiche gayan aanee kangochya lokshahi prajasattakachya sangitache varchasva asalelya sookoschya nrutya talancha samavesh aahe. ekvisavya shatkatil alikadil vikas mhanje african hiip hopcha uday. visheshtah, senegalacha eka prakar paramparik mbalaksmadhye misalala jaato. alikadech dakshin aafriket, kueto yaa navane olakhalya jaananya gharguti sangitashi sambandhit sangitacha eka prakar vikasit jhaala aahe, jaree haah desh kahee kaal dakshin africi jazchya swatachya swarupache ghar aahe, tarr africans sangeet purnapane vegale aahe aanee mukhytah paramparik boar music aanee lock aanee rock sangitache prakar miloon tayar kele aahe.
anglo america (united states aanee canada).
canada.
canadachya sanskrativar aitihasikdrushtya ingraji, french, ayrish, scottish aanee aadivasi sanskruti aanee paramparancha motha prabhav padala aahe aanee kalantarane american sanskraticha tyachya nikatatemule aanee manvi bhandavalachya devanghevanimule mothya pramanat prabhav padala aahe. canadamadhye jaree varchasva nasel, taree american madhyame aanee karamanukiche anek prakar lokpriy aahet; yaulat, anek canadian sanskrutik utpadane aanee manoranjan karnare americet aanee jagbharat yashasvi aahet. anek sanskrutik utpadane aata eksandh 'uttar american' bajarpethet kinwa samanyatah jaagtik bajarpethet vikali jaatat.
canadian sanskratichi nirmiti aanee sanwardhan heey canadian prasaran mahamandal (see. bii. see.), canadache rashtriy chitrapat mandal (aine. eff. bii.) aanee canadian redio-television aanee dursanchar aayog (see. aar. tii. see.) yasarkhya federal sarkari karyakram, kayade aanee sansthanni anshatah prabhavit kele aahe.
united states.
americetil sangeet dekhil vividh shailindware deshachya vitalananya bhandyachya loksankhyeparyant pohochate. rock andd roll, hiip hopp, country, blues aanee jazz yaa deshatil sarvat aantarrashtriy khyatichya shailinpaiki aahet. 19vya shatkachya uttaradhapasun, americetil lokpriy dhwanimudrit sangeet jagbharat adhikadhik prasiddha jhaale aahe, jase qee american lokpriy sangitache kahee prakar jawaljawal sarvatra aikale jaatat.
tathapi, serve american sanskruti jagaat anyatra aadhalanaya itar konatyahi prakaratoon vyutpann jhaleli nahee. udaharanarth, chitrapatsrushticha janm, tasech tyacha aamulagra vikas, mothya pramanat americet shodhala jaau shakato. 1878 madhye, kramanusar chhayachitre ghetalele aanee punarutpadan karat asalele pahile nondavalele udaharan mhanje edward mybridgechi aii. chee malika, jee british-janmalelya chhayachitrakarane californiatil palo aulto yethe sthir cameanchya pankticha vapar karoon tayar kelee. tevhapasoon, californiatil hollywoodmadhe kendrit asalelya american chitrapat udhyogacha jagbharatil chitrapatanvar kholvar parinam jhaala aahe. vikasachya itar kshetranmadhye comic book aanee disneyche animated chitrapat samavisht aahet, jyanni visheshtah japani eneme aanee manga aanee chiinii animation aanee manuamadhye vyapak lokpriyata aanee prabhav pahila.
ashiya.
ashiyai qalaa, sangeet tasech sahitya heey ashiyai sanskratiche mahattvache bhag aahet. swarmel sangeet heey panchtatviy praman tasech baaraa swaranche praman anusaran karoo shakate; ashiyamadhye percusive sangeet talmel tasech gong vaparu shakate.
japanmadhye, kyoto aanee narachi mandire shailit 1,000 varshanhun adhik junie asoo shakatat, parantu darr kahee pidhyanni, tyach shailit, purnapane punarbandhani kelee jaatat. yache prathamik kaaran mhanje sahitya dagad aanee farshiaivaji lakud aanee chhappar asoo shakate.
itar sanskruti dagadapasun bandhalya jaau shakatat, parantu angkor vatpramane jangale aanee jangale imaratinvar maat karoo shakatat.
prarambhik-aadhunik japani sahityane (17vya-19vya shatkat) pracheen "hokku" (japani bhashah <unk>) paddhatipasun vikasit jhalelya japani kavitecha eka prakar asalelya haikusarkhya navkalpanancha vikas keela. haikumadhye teen olee asatatah pahilya aanee tisya olinmadhye pratyeki paach 'morey' (aksharanchya sthool dhvanyatmak samatulya) asatat, tarr dusyamadhye saat asatat. mool haiku gurunmadhye ido kalatil kavee matsuo basho (nava) yasarkhya vyaktincha samavesh hota; bashone prabhavit jhalelya itaranmadhye kobayashi isa aanee masaoka shiki yancha samavesh aahe.
bharatatil panjabmadhye bhangada lokpriy aahe.
aagney aashiyatil serve deshanmadhye nrutya haah sanskraticha avibhajya bhag aahe. udaharanarth, jithe jithe raja aanee rajkumari asatat tithe darbari nrutye aadhaltat. utsavachi nrutye dekhil aahet. udaharanarth, maukhik itihasanusar, 1212 madhye jevha 10 bornian datunni borneover srivijay samrajyache rajya sodale, tevha teey ravana jhaale aanee panay betavaril negritochya sardaranshi settlement ritesver vataghati kelya. kararachya smaranarth, tyanni nrutya kele; negrito dekhil nrutya kele.
madhya aashiyatil sangeet heey yaa pradeshat rahana anek sanskruti aanee lokanitakech vishal aanee adviteey aahe. sampoorn sangeet paridrushyat ekach sthir aahe islam, joou sangitache kendra aanee sangitkaranchi prerana paribhashit karato.
done kinwa teen taranchya veena heey mukhya vadyanche prakar aahet, maan ektar thisul kinwa asthir; ghodyachya kesanpasoon banavalele fiddles; banshi, bahutek donhi tokanna ughadya aanee ektar shevati udananya kinwa bajula udananya; aanee jabadyachi veena, ektar dhatuchi kinwa anekada cyberiamadhye, lakadi. talvadhyanmadhye frame drum, tamburin aanee ketaledrum yancha samavesh hoto.
vadya bahuswar pramukhyane veena aanee fidaldware prapt kele jaate. dusarikade, swar bahuswar vividh prakare prapt kele jaateh bashkir ekte basari vajavtana eka moolbhut swar vajavtat.
europe.
europe heey anek sanskrutik navkalpana aanee chalvalinche ugamsthan rahile aahe, jeey anekada khrishchan dharmantarvad aanee manavtavad yasarkhya paraspar virodhi aahet, jeey parinami jagbharat pasarale aahet. shastriy kalpananchya punarujjivanacha qalaa aanee sahityachya vikasavar khandachya maryadepalikade prabhav padala.
lattin america.
drushya qalaa.
swadeshi kalechya samruddha paramparechya palikade, lattin american drushya kalecha vikas spanish, portugij aanee french barok chitrakalechya prabhavamule jhaala, jeey anekada italian masterschya kalanche anusaran karat hote. sadharanpane, visavya shatkachya suruvatila haah kalatmak eurocentrism qamee houu lagla, kaaran lattin-american lokanni tyanchya sthitiche vaishishtya manya karnyas suruvat kelee aanee tyanchya swatachya margavar chalanyas suruvat kelee.
lattin americet nirman jhaleli eka mahattvachi kalatmak chalval mhanje muralismo, jyache pratinidhitva meksikomadhil diego rivera, david alfaro sequiros, jose clemente orozco aanee rufino tamayo aanee kolambiyatil santiago martinez delgado aanee pedro nell gomez karatat. kahee prabhavi 'bhittichitra' kaame americetil anek shaharanmadhye dekhil aadhalu shakatat.
mexican chitrakar frieda kahalo hii aataparyantchi sarvat prasiddha aanee prasiddha lattin american kalakar aahe.. serve lattin american chitranchya tulanet kahalochya kamachi sarvadhik vikri kimmat aahe.
sahitya.
lattin american sahityala jaagtik nakashavar kharokharach jeey thewale teey mhanje 1960 aanee 1970 chya dashkatil sahityik bharbharat, jeey dhadsi aanee prayogik kadambyandware (jase qee julio kortajarchya "reuela" (1963)) vegale kele gele jeey varanvar spainmadhye prakashit jhaale aanee patkan ingerjit anuvadit jhaale. daad boomchi paribhashit kadambari gabriel garcia markezchi sien enos dii soledad (1967) hotee, jyamule lattin american sahityacha jaduchya vastavadashi sambandh nirman jhaala, jaree tyaa kalatil itar mahattvache lekhak jase qee mario vargas losa aanee carlos fuevents yaa chaukatit itakya sahajpane basat naheet. vadatit, yaa tejichi parakashtha augusto roa bastoscha smarak 'yoo, ell supremo' (1974) hotee. yaa tejichya parshvabhumivar, juan rulfo, alejo sutar aanee sarvat mahattvache mhanje george louis borge yasarkhe prabhavshali purvavarti dekhil punha shodhale gele.
yaa pradeshatil samkalin sahitya chaitanyashil aanee vaividhyapurn aahe, jyat sarvadhik vikri honanya paulo coelho aanee isabelle elendepasun teey diamela ellitt, ricardo piglia kinwa roberto bolano yansarkhya lekhakanchya adhik avant-garde aanee samikshakanni prashansit kelelya kamaparyantcha samavesh aahe. rigoberta menchu sarkhya subultern vishayanchya sahkaryane tayar kelelya prashansapatranchya shailikade dekhil laksh dile gele aahe. shevati, itihaskaranchya eka naveen jaatiche pratinidhitva adhik patrakar carlos monsivice aanee pedro lemebel karatat.
yaa pradeshat paach nobel paritoshik vijete aahet, tyaa mhanje columbian garcia markage (1982) vyatirikt, chillion kavee gabriela mysteral (1945), gwatemalan kadambarikar miguel engel esturious (1967), chillion kavee pablo neruda (1971) aanee mexican kavee aanee nibandhkar octavio paz (1990).
sangeet.
madhya america aanee caribeanchya chaitanyashil talanpasoon teey dakshin dakshin americetil adhik kathor dhvaniparyantchi tyachi vividhata hii lattin american sangitachya mukhya vaishishtyanpaiki eka aahe. lattin american sangitache aanakhi eka vaishishtya mhanje americet aalelya aanee suruvatichya spanish aanee european barokpasoon teey african talanchya vegvegalya talanparyant prabhavi jhalelya vividh shailinche mool mishran.
salsa, merengue, bachata ityadi hispano-caribean sangeet., yaa sangitachya asha shaili aahet jyaa african taal aanee suranni jordar prabhavit jhalya aahet.
nihsanshaypane, sangitatil mukhya yogdan lokkathandware praveshale, jithe lattin american aanee caribean deshancha kharaa aatma vyakt keela jaato. ataholpa yupankvi, violet paaraa, victor jaara, mercedees sosa, george negret, ketano veloso aanee itar sangitkaranni haah aatma kitee unchivar pohochu shakato yachee bhavya udaharane dilee.
rockchya anek prakaransah lattin popp aaj lattin americet lokpriy aahe (spanish bhashetil rock andd roll pahaa).
oshaniya.
oshaniya heey pasifika mahotsavache ghar aahe, haah eka varshik karyakram aahe joou prashant qalaa aanee sanskruti sajari karnyasathi sampoorn pradeshatil kalakaranna aakarshit karato.
20vya shatkachya madhyaparyant austreliyan sanskraticha prathamik aadhar anglo-celtic hota, jaree vishisht austreliyan vaishishtye paryavaran aanee swadeshi sanskratitun vikasit hott hotee. gelya 50 varshant, austreliyan sanskrativar american lokpriy sanskraticha (visheshtah durdarshan aanee chitrapat), bigger-ingraji bhashik deshanmadhun mothya pramanat honare sthalantar aanee austreliyachya ashiyai shejari deshancha jordar prabhav padala aahe. chitrapat, aupera, sangeet, chitrakala, rangbhumi, nrutya aanee hastakala yaa austreliyatil kalanchi takad aanee maulikta aantarrashtriy manyata prapt karate.
austreliyala drushya kalancha pradirgh itihas aahe, jyachi suruvat tethil sthanik lokanchya guha aanee salanchya chitranpasun hote. european vasahatichya kalapasoon, austreliyan kaleteel eka samanya vishay austreliyan landscape aahe, joou arther streeton, arther boyd aanee albert namatjira yanchya kamanmadhye disun yeto. sthanik austreliyan lokanchya parampara mothya pramanat tondi prasarit kelya jaatat aanee tyaa samarambh aanee swapnatil katha sanganyashi jawalun jodalelya asatat. austreliyan aadivasi sangeet, nrutya aanee kalecha samkalin austreliyan drushya aanee sadarikaran kalanvar spasht prabhav aahe. austreliyala sangeet, nrutyanatya aanee rangbhumichi sakriy parampara aahe; tyachya anek qalaa pradarshan companyanna federal sarkarchya austreliya parishadedvare sarvajanik nidhi midato. pratyek rajdhani shaharat eka symphany aurkestra aahe aanee opera austreliya hii eka rashtriy aupera company aahe, jee pratham prasiddha diwa dame jonane prasiddha kelee; austreliyan sangitamadhye shastriy, jazz aanee anek lokpriy sangeet shailincha samavesh aahe.
austreliyan sahityavar dekhil bhupradeshacha prabhav padala aahe; banjo patterson aanee heinry lausen yansarkhya lekhakanchya kamanni austreliyan zadicha anubhav tipla aahe. prarambhik sahityat moort roop ghetalelya vasahatvadi austreliyache swaroop aadhunik austreliya aanee tyat samatavad, sangopan aanee hukumshahivirodhitevar bharr deela jaat asalyache lakshat yete. 1973 madhye, patrick white yanna sahityatil nobel puraskar pradan karnyat aala, heey sadhya karnara too ekmev austreliyan hota; visavya shatkatil mahan ingraji-bhashetil lekhakanpaiki eka mhanoon tyala manyata midali aahe. austreliyan ingraji hii bhashechi eka pramukh vividhata aahe; tyache vyakaran aanee shabdalekhan heey mukhyatve british ingrajivar aadharit aahe, jyat adviteey shabdik vastoo aanee vakyanshanchya samruddha sthanik bhashecha samavesh aahe, jyapaiki kahinni manak ingrajimadhye pravesh keela aahe.
samkalin papua nyu guinean qalaa tichya lakadi korivkam, rekhachitra aanee chitrakalesathi ullekhaneey aahe. prasiddha drushya kalakaranmadhye mathias kauge, timothi akis aanee larry santana yancha samavesh aahe.
papua nyu giinii hii tyachya gayan teey stotranparyant (blacius teey una), string popp sangeet (parmana anolakhi) aanee rege (anslom nakikas) yaa vividh sangeet shailinsathi dekhil prasiddha aahe. sangumache sangeet, george telekchya sangitapramanech, paramparik aanee pashchimatya preranecha sangam karate.
papua nyu giniche pahile prakashit kavee alaan natchi hote; surr vincent erii heey deshatil pahile prakashit kadambarikar hote.
soloman betanvaril samkalin sangitamadhye paramparik melanesian sangeet, tasech rock, rege aanee khrishchan sangeet aahe. sharzi haah soloman betancha eka agraganya sangitkar aahe.
jaree chitrakar akey liangane aantarrashtriy khyatee midavali asali taree soloman bete tyanchya drushya kalansathi qamee prasiddha aahet.
vilsoni herenico heey tyanchya deshatil sarvat prasiddha natakkar aahet. too eka chitrapat digdarshak dekhil aahe, jyane 'daad land hadge aayaj' ('pair taa maa' aun maaf ') haah fijicha pahila chitrapat lihila aanee digdarshit keela.
polynesian deshanni samoaache albert wend aanee siya figil aanee niuuche johnn pule yanchyasah anek aantarrashtriy prasiddha lekhak tayar kele aahet. pule heey eka kalakar dekhil aahet, jyanchya kalakrutinmadhye chitrakala, rekhachitra, mudran, chitrapat nirmiti aanee sadarikaran yancha samavesh aahe.