santiyagau prajasattak

santiyagou prajasattak (, haqqa/dutch samm-thao-qee; "teen galeej"), kahee strotanmadhye kadhikadhi santiago prajasattak mhanoon lihile jaate, nantar tyache naav badaloon sanda footing (chinih <unk>; "teen pohochinche up sabhagruh") aanee shevati hexian zhengting (chinih <unk> aanee <unk>; "sadhyachi susangatata vaidh sansad") asey thewale gele, heey eka shaktishali chiinii kongsi mahasangh hote, jeey purvi monterradoshi (chinih <unk>, hakkah montradok) sambandhit hote. too 1776 madhye heshun mahasanghat sameel jhaala, parantu vadanmule too nighun gela aanee sambanchya sultanabarobar (aanee nantar dutch) yutee kelee, jyamule tyacha purvicha mitra heshun aanee dagang kongsi yancha naash karnyat yash aale. lokshahi mhanoon varnan kelelya, tyanche sarkar tikavoon thevanyasathi nantar dutch lokanshi sangharshat aalelya borneomadhil anek khaan kamgaranchya mahasanghanpaiki haah eka hota.
dutch lokanshi yutee karoonahi, santiyagouchi kongsi dekhil visarjit karnyat aalee aanee 1854 madhye tichya jamini adhikrutpane dachankade sopavanyat aalya. urvarit santiyagou khaan kamgar uttarekade saravakmadhye gele, jithe tyanni 1857 paryant tyanche khankam suru thewale.
loksankhyashastra.
heshun mahasanghachya sthapanepurvi, santiyagou mahasanghachya adhipatyakhali sumare 800 sadasya hote, jeey serve gwangdongmadhil aadhunik kalatil huilai aanee lufeng parganyanmadhun aale hote. tyachya sadasyanna wein aanee jhu hii aadnave hotee, jaree tyanche sadasyatva varshanuvarshe vaividhyapurn jhaale. heshun mahasanghachya itar tera sansthapkanpramanech, santiyagou haah eka 'caxiang kongsi' hota. "ughadya dhoopat" "kongsi" ") kinwa eka" "kongsi" "jee tyachi mule chinmadhil mukhya bhoomitil mandir panth sansthet shodhu shakate".
tyachya khaan kshetramadhye moolatah banyoya (chinih че ч, hakkah panjawa), bayamangatu (chinih че ч, hakkah phak-meong-theo), sibale (chinih че ч, hakkah sibaler) aanee serukan (chinih че ч, hakkah seroekam) yaa vasahatincha samavesh hota, jeey serve montradochya mukhya shaharachya purvela sthit hote. 1830 chya dashakat heshun mahasanghashi tyache vilgikaran jhalyanantar, santiyagouche sadasya sepang, seminis (chinih <unk> Â Â Â Â Â Â Â) aanee pamankat bandar (chinih Â Â) yaa uttarekadil shaharanmadhye paloon gele. pruthakkaranantarchya tyachya unchivar, shantiyagaune chalis lahan sahkari khaninsah baaraa mothya kangsi-khaninvar niyantran thewale.
itihas.
prarambhik itihas.
1776 madhye heshun mahasanghachya sthapanepurvichya santiyagouchya itihasabaddal farshi mahitee nahee. itar kongsichya tulanet tyachya samarthyamule santiyagou haah mahasanghacha prabhavshali sadasya banala. santiyagaune 1820 purvi heshoon kriyakalapanche kendrabindu asalelya montradomadhye eka vistrut kongsi ghar bandhale. laara pradeshachya simevar asalelya montradochya poorves, santiyagaune parvatanvar eka lamb satha bandhala, joou itka motha hota qee too "mothya bhintisarkha disat hota".
1807 madhye, vadhatya dagang kongsi aanee gelian kongsi yanchyat montradomadhil (dakshinetil eka mothee tatbandi asaleli imarat, jee anekada dagangchi kangsi ghare mhanoon vaparali jaate) "shangvu" chya pradeshajaval khaan hakkanvar vaad jhaala, santiagou yanni dagangchi bajoo ghetali aanee gelionla baher kadhanyas aanee tyachya sadasyanna pahangla (chinih β) bhag padnyas dagangla madat kelee. 1808 madhye, dagang aanee sheen bafen yanchyashi aanakhi eka bhandan jhaale, jyavar shantiyagaune punha purvichya sainikala madat kelee; shantiyagoucha eka saksham senapati jhu fenghua yala dagang aanee shantiagou sainyacha prabhari nemanyat aale. sangharshanantar, tyaa kalatil lekhakanni nondavale qee sheen bafenchya nashatoon santiyagoula konatihi luut denyat aalee navhati. samkalin synologistscha andaj aahe qee heey kadachit santiyagouchi mahanata qamee karnyasathi kele gele hote, kaaran nantar too dagangcha kadwa shatru banel. sangharshachya shevati, heshoonche keval saat kangsi rahile, tarr dagang aanee santiyagau yanchyakade kharee satta hotee.
dagangshi vadhanara tanav.
tyanantarchya dashakat santiyagouchi satta satatyane vadhat gelee aanee akheris chauthya heshun pramukh, dagang-sanlagn lioo zhengbao, yane 1818 madhye tyachya kutumbala bhetanyasathi tyag kelyanantar adhyakshapad jinkanyat shikhar gathale. santiyagoushi sanlagn pramukh, huu yalu, yanni tyanchya vyavasayat prachand bhinn asalelya done kangsi, dagang aanee santiyagou yanna ekatra aananyacha prayatna kelyanantar, tyanchya adhyakshapadacha ant aapattimadhye jhaala, (dagang pramukhyane montradochya samruddha bajarpethanmadhye sthit karagir hote, tarr santiyagou tyaeivaji shetee karnare hote), jyamule tyanna teen mahinyanantarach rajinama dyava lagla.
jhu fenghua haah huu yaluchya akali rajvatinantar aala, bahudha chehara vachavanyasathi santiyagaune nivadalela mukhya umedvar. sheen bafensobatchya sangharshat tyane kelelya sevenantar, fenghua heshuncha sachiv ("ziansheng") yaa atyant aadaraniy padvisathi nivadala gela. yamule, samba sultan aanee nantarchya dutch mutsadyanche heshoonche kaljivahu aanee paradeshi pratinidhi asanyabarobarach, teey eka atyant shaktishali aanee shrimant vyakti banale. tathapi, tyanche sambandh aanee mahasanghachya sthanamule fenghuala tatpuratya adhyakshapadapeksha adhik aanee heshun sansadechya matanvar avalambun asalelya pramukh vyaktimatvapeksha adhik havey hote. fenghuane swatahla mahasanghat aajivan pramukh mhanoon namankit karnyacha prayatna keela, hii eka abhootpurv karvai hotee jee ughadpane anadarkarak manali jaat hotee aanee jawaljawal sampoorn yutee tyachya virodhat gelee. tyala kabool karnyas bhag padale gele aanee nantar 1820 madhye sambanna paloon gela, jithe tyala samb sulatanchya sanrakshanacha anand midala.
aata dagangchya netrutvakhalil santiyagoucha virodh, santiyagoushi sangharshasathi tayar hota, kaaran tyanna vatat hote qee tyanche netrutva aksham hote. lioo zhengbao yanna borneola paratanyachi vinanti karnyasathi eka patra pathvanyat aale hote aanee netrutvahin santiyagau zhengbao yanna adhyakshapadavar chadhanyapasun rokhu shakala nahee. aaplya netyachya anupasthitimule shantiagou purnapane kamkuvat jhaala aahe; dagang haah aata yuticha spasht chehara hota aanee aata dhokyat asalelya aaplya malmattesathi dagangchya sanrakshanachi vinanti karavi lagali. santiyagauche sankatgrast rahivasi shantatesathi sthayik jhaale, tevha santapt jhu fenghua, joou aata samba sultanshi maitri karato, too sangharshacha pathpurava kareel.
dagang-shantiagou sangharsh.
yaa velee, heshunche khankam montradochya palikade pasarale hote aanee aata purvekade larahparyant, ishanyes seminis, sepang, lumar aanee uttarekade pamangkatparyant vasahati hotya. shantiyagauchi sthitee qamee asoonahi, tee aanee dagang yaa doghannihi sepang aanee seminis darmyanchya pradeshat khaninche haqq midavale. yach "yathasthitit" jhu fenghuane sambas sultan aanee dutch sainyachya eka tukadila patvoon dile qee dagang laara yetheel "santiyagau" chya khaninvar hallah karnyacha cutt rachat aahe aanee jarr teey tyala dagang baher kadhanyas madat karnyat yashasvi jhaale tarr tyachya kutumbala sampatti denyache vachan dile. haah 'casus bellie' khota hota, kaaran purvi ziin bafencha pradesh asalela laara, ziin bafenchya vidhvansanantar dagangchya niyantranakhali hota, aanee santiyagouchya niyantranakhali navhata. meey 1822 madhye, leftnunt wonn kilbeg yanchya netrutvakhalil dutch aaghadichya sainyane, 'dagang aakraman' rokhanyasathi antargrehi larahkade kooch kele. larahmadhye pohochalyanantar, wonn kilbeg karvait maran pavala aanee urvarit dutch sainikanna dagangne vachavale aanee tyanna seminismadhye parat pathavale.
shantiyagoucha palayan.
mohimechya nikalanmule purnapane lajjit aanee nirash jhalelya santiyagouchya sadasyanni montrado sodoon mitrapakshachya balekillyat jaanyacha nirnay ghetala. 23 juuna 1822 roji, shantiyagaune shantpane tyachya vasahatinmadhye vasahatinmadhye tyachya sadasyanna gunung primary parvatanvar paloon jaanyache aadesh dile, jithe ziavu kongsi aahe. ziavu haah dagangshi nishtha naan naan mojkya larah kongsipaiki eka hota, jyacha santiyagoushi itka drudh sambandh hota qee tyanna "little santiyagou" kongsi mhanoon sambodhale jaat asey. ziavu yethe pohochalyanantar, santiyagaune manahe, yuanhe aanee shenghe yasarkhya dagang-sanlagn kongsicha pathlag keela. heey rokhanyasathi dagangne aapale urvarit chaar sadasya ekatra kele aanee eka mothe sainya ubhe kele. ganungchya tatbandivar chadhai karnyachya kahee divasanchya nishfal prayatnannantar, tyanni shevati tyavar chadhai kelee aanee laramadhye kooch kele, jithe santiyagauche balekille nasht jhaale. shantiyagoula vayvyela ziavu sodawa lagla jithe teey sambachya rajdhanichya jawal jaau shakale.
dutch hastakshep.
jeey.etch. paschim borniocha prabhari niyukt karnyat aalele dutch dandadhikari tobias yanni dagang aanee santiyagou yanchyatil tanavat madhyasthi kelee aanee 13 september 1822 roji montradmadhye baithak bolavali. yethe, dagang aanee santiyagou yanni ekmekanvar sangharsh suru kelyacha aarop keela; santiyagou yanni visheshtah tobiyajanni dagangviruddha "purnapane murkhpanachi" vidhane kelee, asey mhanat qee jevha teey tyanchya malmatteche rakshan karoo shakale asate tevha dagangne tyanchi malmatta nasht kelee hotee. tambashayasne sambachya sultanakadun tyala aanee tyachya kutumbala dilelya fenghuachya aashvasanambaddal aikalyanantar, tyane tharavale qee kharokharach dagang chukiche hote. tyane samba sultan aanee shantiagou kongsivar purnapane aarop naan karnyacha nirnay ghetala kaaran tyala shantata aanee aadar rakhayacha hota, jaree tyane adnyat karananmule sultan aanee shantiyagoula pasanti dilee.
janewari 1823 madhye, dagangane larakadoon aapale sainya parat midavalyache aikalyanantarhi, tobiusne achanak larakade moheem suru kelee, jyache netrutva santiyagau sainik karat hote aanee general dii steuers yanchya netrutvakhali hote. hii moheem dagangla aashcharyachakit karnyat ayashasvi tharali parantu dagangcha balekilla tabyat ghetalyanantar atishay pyric vijay midavala. tobiane montradochya mohimela punha manyata dilyanantar, parinami montradover dachancha kabja jhaala, dutch magnyanmadhye santiyagoucha shikka hota, jyat heshun kangsiche vighatan aanee montradomadhil dutch adhikar balkat karane samavisht hote.
jevha tobiyachi jaaga emm. neey ghetali. wann grave, nivadanuk karasathichya dagangvaril tyachya chithavanikhor maganya aanee serve kongsiche sarkari jeelhyat kalpanik ekikaran yamule dagangane 1824 madhye dutch aanee santiyagouche balekille jaalun pratyuttar dile. tyaveli anek fayadeshir coffeechya malyanchi malki asalelya jhu fenghua yanni dutch aanee tyachya lokanche rakshan karnyacha prayatna keela, parantu teey yashasvi jhaale naheet. akheris, lashkari karvai qamee jhaali aanee shantiagou heey sepangmadhye (ekekali dagangla bhadepattivar dilela eka samruddha khaan jilha) sthayik jhaale, tarr dagang larasobat sthayik jhaale. sepangmadhil tyanchya nafyachya badalyat, santiyagoula darvarshi dachanna 10 taal sonam denyas bhag padale gele.
pamangatchi ladhai.
paschim janmalelya prakarananpasun sumare done dashakanchya sapeksh dutch aliptapananantar, eff. jeey. willer yanchi naveen dutch dandadhikari mhanoon niyukti karnyat aalee aanee tyanni heshun mahasanghala samore jaatana adhik thet aanee chithavanikhor bhoomika ghetali. sedau bandarachya dutch nakabandisah anek mahinyanchya tanavamule done ghatana ghadalya. pratham, simevaril budok aanee lumar yaa chiinii shaharanmadhil dayak hatyakandanchya malikanmule, jevha pratyakshat teey paranoid sambas sultan hote, tevha dagangla vatale qee dagang rajdhanivar aakraman karel, tevha heey santiyagoune kele asalyacha sanshay dagangla aala. dagangane pratyuttar dile, parantu sambanvar aakraman karnyaivaji, sainyane visheshtah shantiyagaushi sanlagn asalelya shaharanna lakshya karnyas suruvat kelee. julai 1850 madhye, eka hazar dagang sainikanni sepangla vedha ghatala aanee 12 divasannantar tyacha parabhav keela. tyanantar lagechach seminis kosalale, tyanantar sebavi (chinih <unk>) aanee shabo (chinih <unk>) hii shahare aalee. pamangkatla sarvat jaast vel lagalah asey manale jaate qee tyala vedha ghalayala kahee aathvade lagale asavet, parantu akher augustmadhye dagangne shahar jinkale, jyamule urvarit santiyagau loksankhya saravak adhikarkshetrakhali asalelya pamangkat nadichya viruddha bajula paloon gelee. dagang nighun gelyanantar aanee dachanni pamankat punha midvalyanantar, dagangane septembermadhye punha ekada dutch sainikanna hakaloon dile aanee mandor yetheel lanfang prajasattakavar hallah karanyachi yojana aakhali, jeey shantiyagaushi sanlagn hote. november 1850 madhye dutch aanee dagangbarobar jhalelya shantata charchet, santiyagau parishademadhye anupasthit hote, tyache sadasya uttares saravakmadhye vikhurale gele.
donhi santiyagasache vibhajan.
tyanantar lagechach, dachanni santiyagauchya avasheshanche kaay karave yavar charcha kelee aanee akheris tyanna pamangkatvar rajya karnyasathi saravakmadhun parat prerit kele jaeel, heey dagang aanee heshunsathi eka prakarcha pratibandh mhanoon tasech pamangkat parisar punha vadhavanyasathi manya kele, jeey supic maatee asoonahi laksh naan deta sodale gele hote. 1851 madhye, vilarne montradola santiagouvaril aapale dave kadhoon taknyas pravrutt kele. kahee kalanantar, santiyagauche sadasya shantpane tyanchya purvichya khaninvar punha kabja karnyasathi paratale aanee tyanchya netyanni kongiche naav badaloon sanda footing ("teen up sabhagruhaparyant pohochatat") asey thewale, kiman naav taree, heshun zongtingchya barobarine, jyachi shakti dachanni bhijavali aahe.
vilarala lavkarach hii adchan jaanavali; pamangkatchya yuddhanantar, bahutek santiyagau khaan kamgar sarvakmadhye tainat hote, jyacha arth assa hota qee willer moolatah eka sansthechi kalji ghet hota jyache mukhyalay raja brookchya kshetrat hote. vilarne yaa saravak yuticha twarit tyag karanyachi magani kelee aanee tyanche naav badalane haah dachanchya adhinatecha purava asalyache sangitale. willer mhanale qee sanda footingmadhil sann haah shabd kadhoon takawa lagel, kaaran yamule dutch kongsicha saravaki kangsishi sambandh aahe. sanda doot itka santapt jhaala qee tyane ghoshit kele qee jarr asey kadhee ghadale tarr dutch pradeshatil urvarit khaan kamgar saravakala ravana hotil. vilarne tyachya shevatchya aadeshat, kangsiche naav punha ekada hexian zhengting asey badalale aanee santiyagouche sadasya saravakahun parat yeteel mhanoon ekatra yenyacha prayatna keela; anekanni kele nahee.
varsa.
bahutek santiyagou sthalantaritanna borneochya aateel bhagatil ashach prakarchya chiinii khaan gavanmadhye, visheshtah maleshiyachya cooching prantatil bauu countymadhye naveen sthan midale. sarvat aadhi sthalantarit bruneyan samrajyachya rajvatit tethe sthayik jhaale, parantu 19 vya shatkachya madhyat sthalantarat vaadh sarvakmadhye james brookschya udayabarobar jhaali. itar chiinii sthalantaritansaha, khaan kamgar purvipasoon astitvat asalelya baaraa companyanmadhye (<unk> <unk> <unk> <unk> <unk> <unk> <unk> <unk> <unk> <unk> <unk> <unk> <unk> <unk> <unk> <unk> <unk> <unk> <unk> <unk> <unk> <unk> <unk> <unk> <unk> <unk> <unk> <unk> <unk> <unk> <unk> <unk> <unk> <unk> <unk> <unk> <unk> <unk> <unk> <unk> <unk> <unk> <unk> <unk> <unk> <unk> <unk> <unk> <unk> <unk> <unk> <unk> <unk> <unk> <unk> <unk> <unk> <unk> <unk> <unk> <unk> <unk> <unk> <unk> <unk> <unk> <unk> <unk> <unk> <unk> <unk> <unk> <unk> <unk> <unk> <unk> <unk> <unk> <unk> <unk> <unk> <unk> <unk> <unk> <unk> <unk> <unk> <unk> <unk> <unk> <unk> <unk> <unk> <unk> <unk> <unk> <unk> <unk> <unk> <unk> <unk> <unk> <unk> <unk> <unk> <unk> <unk> <unk> <unk> <unk> <unk> <unk> <unk> <unk> <unk> <unk> <unk> <unk> <unk> mool santiyagou khaan kamgaranche vanshaj sampoorn indoneshiya, maleshiya aanee bruneimadhye aadhalu shakatat.

