
ghazi dusra giray

ghazi dusra giray (1554-november 1607) haah crimean khanatecha khaan hota. 1554 madhye janmalelya tyane, tyachya ottoman adhipatincha vishvas midvoon, ottoman-safavid yuddhat (1578-90) swatahla vegale kele. tyanchya matrubhoomine rajkiy ashantatecha kaal anubhavalyanantar 1588 madhye tyanchi khaan mhanoon niyukti karnyat aalee. russiachya tsaradamviruddhachya tyachya 1591 chya mohimedarmyan too mosco tabyat ghenyat ayashasvi jhaala, tathapi done varshannantar too anukool shantata karar midvanyat yashasvi jhaala. tyanantar tyala hangerimadhye kendrit asalelya anek lashkari mohimanmadhye bhag gheuun, pradirgh turkey yuddhat tyachya ottoman mitranna pathimba denyasathi bolavanyat aale. 1596 chya uttaradhat, mahan vajir seaglazade yusuf sinan pashachya sallyache palan kelyanantar ottoman sultanane fetih ii girayachya bajoone ghazi dusra girayala thodya kalasathi padchyut kele. teen mahinyanantar too punha sattet aala aanee november 1607 madhye tyachya mrutyuparyant tyache rajya chaloo thewale.
prarambhik jeevan.
ghazi girayacha janm 1554 madhye jhaala. tyachya tarunyabaddal farshi mahitee nahee, assa andaj aahe qee hanzade (khancha mulga) asatana tyala ghodeswari aanee lashkari kaleche prashikshan ghenyasathi besalenichya circassian jamatimadhye pathvanyat aale hote. podoliyavar 1575 madhye tataranni kelelya hallyacha tapasheel denanya dastaivajat tyachya navacha pratham ullekh aahe. haah chhapa, automan samrajyala bharavi lagnari khandani swikaranyas nakar denanya, bhayankar moldavian voivode johnn tisra yachya bandamule petala. zaporozian cozackne johnchya bajoone hastakshep keela aahe heey lakshat aalyanantar automan lokanni crimean khantela sangharshat madat karanyachi vinanti kelee. jevha ottoman lokanni cozac commander ivan pidkova aanee johnla padchyut kele tevha sangharsh sampala.
november 1578 madhye, crimean khaan mohammed dusra giray yane ottoman bajoone ottoman-safavid yuddhat (1578-90) pravesh keela. yaa mohimet sahbhagi honanya sainikanmadhye ghazi giray yancha samavesh hota. khancha bhau aadil giirii yachya netrutvakhalil crimean sainyane safavidancha parabhav karoon, vedhalelya shemakha chhavanila eka nirnayak tappyavar mukt kele. mitrarashtranmadhil pahila matbhed tevha nirman jhaala jevha ottoman lokanni tataranna lootmar karnyas manai kelee aanee tyanna tyanchya sainyachya niyamit tukadit sanghatit karnyacha aagrah dharala. lutmar haah serve tatar lashkari mohimancha prathamik uddesh hota aanee samanya sainikanna pagar naan midalyane tyanna sampatticha eka pramukh srot hota. tasaranni aaras khancha khajina gheuun jaananya tafyachi luut karnyat yash aalyanantar haah vaad mitala. 30 november roji, tatar sainyachi menla husson nadivar mukhya safavid sainyashi chakmak jhaali. hii ladhai teen divas chalali aanee tatarchya parabhavane sampali, aadil girila pakadale gele tarihi ghazi giirii paloon jaanyat yashasvi jhaala. kaidet asatana aadilchya mrutyunantar, mohammed dusra giryane tyacha mulga saadat dusra giray yala kalgay mhanoon niyukt kele. eka varshanantar, mohammed dusra giirii, sainyachya baljabarine aaghadivar aala, unhalyat, jensvar yashasvi chhapa taklyanantar tyala pureshi luut midali. darmyan, mehmedcha dhakata bhau aalp giirii yane swatahsathi simhasana ghenyachya prayatnat bund pukarle. too ottoman samant nasoon eka swatantra shasak asalyache ghoshit kelyanantar, tyane Âslâm II girayala chadhai karnyache aadesh dilyanantar, ottoman lokanni khanchya nishthevar prashnachinh upasthit kele.
ghazi giray eka chhotya sainyachya dokyavar cocksusmadhye rahila. 1579 chya hivalyat, ghazi girayane gensmadhil eka safavid chhavanivar achanak jhalelya hallyadarmyan swatahla vegale kele. yaa krutisathi ottoman sultanane tyala 50,000 aakas deuun puraskrut kele. 1581 chya vasant rutumadhye, shemakhachya parisarat ghazi girela parabhav patkarava lagla aanee tyala kaidi banavanyat aale. sahkaryache anek prastav nakarlyanantar tyala alamut killyat qaid karnyat aale. tabriz yethe badali jhalyanantar too paloon jaanyat yashasvi jhaala aanee erzurammadhye ozdemiroglu osman pashamadhye sameel jhaala. 30 november 1585 roji osman pashachya mrutyuparyant tyane yaa mohimet aapala sahbhag suru thewala. tyanantar too constantinopla gela jithe tyala yambolchi salyan denyat aalee jithe too 1588 paryant rahila. tyaa varshi tyala batami midali qee tyala tyacha bhau <unk>maam dusra giray yachya jaagi khaan mhanoon niyukt karnyat aale aahe. samrajyachya antargat kamkajashi tyachi olakh aanee lashkari vyavharanmadhil tyachya anubhavamule ottoman lokanni ghazi girayachi nivad kelee. tyachya aagmananantar, tyachya adhikaravar crimean aadivasi kulinavargane vaad ghatala nahee.
pahile rajya.
khaan mhanoon ghazi girayachi pahili krutee mhanje tyacha bhau fetih giray aanee putanya neft giray yanna sinhasanavar anukrame pahile aanee dusare varas (kalge aanee nural-deane) mhanoon niyukt karane. aalp giirii aanee tyacha nural-deane saake giirii anukrame constantinople aanee circasiala paloon gele. tyanantar too 1586 madhye stephen bathorichya mrutyunantar tyanche chhape vadhavna kosyakpasoon khanatechya bahya seema surakshit karnyasathi aat gela. neeper nadichya mukhavar eka killa ubharanyat aala aanee podoliyavar dandatmak moheem suru karnyat aalee. cocksusmadhye russian prabhavacha vistar, ivan daad bhayanak aanee faoder I chya salag karkirdine krimiyamadhye chinta nirman kelee. ghazi girene dakshinekadun muscoviever hallah karnyasathi yutichya swedish prastavachi sandhee ghetali, tarr sweedenne uttarekadun aakraman kele. 13 julai 1591 roji, crimean lokanni moscola vedha ghatala, heey lakshat yetach qee tyanche ghodadal shaharachya aadhunik killyanshi julat nahee, tyanni vedha uthavala. yaa mohimet khaan jakhami jhaala aanee 9 august roji too eka gaditoon tyachya rajvadyat paratala. shantata kararavaril vataghati tutalyanantar fetih girayne tula aanee riyazanvar yashasvi hallah keela, nantar asankhya kaidyanna khanatechya fayadeshir gulamanchya bajarpethet vikanyasathi nele. done aaghadyanvar yuddhachya bhitine, khanla 10,000 rubals bhet deuun aanee terrech aanee donemadhun cozac mage ghenyas sahmati darshavat, muscoviteanni baji marley. tyaa badalyat 1594chya unhalyat tataranni rashiyavar hallah naan karanyachi shapath ghetali, aktoobar 1593madhye karar jhaala. yaa kararamule hangeritil pradirgh turkey yuddhat crimean hastakshep karnyacha marg mokala jhaala, tarr russia tyachya uttarekadil seema vadhavu shakala.
28 april 1594 roji, tatar sainyane hangerichya margavar polish-lithuania rashtrakulat pravesh keela. tataranna balkan khind rubalane bund keleli aadhalali aanee nantar tathakathit tatar khindikade kooch kele jyache rakshan transylvania sigismund bathorichya vhayovadacha adhikari aanee jawalchya hoost killyacha senapati kaspar cornis karat hota. eka ladhai jhaali, jyavar bachavkartyancha vinashkari parabhav jhaala. datar aanee hungarian yanchyat basatuvanchya netrutvakhali devirsinmadhye (bahudha debricane) sangharsh jhaala aanee tyanni aanakhi eka vijay midavala. 31 julai roji tatar sainyane grand wazier koka sinan pashachya netrutvakhalil tyanchya ottoman mitrapakshansah ekatra yeuun haah karyakram nantar purn poshakh asalelya lashkari miravnukidware aanee mejwanidware sajra keela gela. tyaveli muslim sainyane rabchya samore tall thokala hota aanee tyach navachya nadine shaharapasun vegale kele hote. 1 august roji, ottoman-tatar sainyane nadee olandali aanee raab killyavar hallah keela, tyanna golibarala tond dyave lagale aanee tyanna maghar ghenyas bhag padale gele. dusya divashi ottoman lokanni nadivar eka pool bandhanyas suruvat kelee, jyamule tyanche bandukdhari aanee tofkhana tyanchya lakshyavar pohochu shakale. 27 september roji dusra hallah jhaala, too yashasvi tharala aanee shahar kosalale. crimean sainyacha eka bhag papachya killyakade valavala gela, joou tyanna sodoon denyat aalela aadhalala. tyanantar muslimanni komaromla vedha ghatala, matra hivalyachya aagmananantar lagechach vedha uthavanyat aala. ghazi giray tyachya 2,000 sainikanna garrison papa aanee sexfehrvar yanchyakade sodalyanantar tyachya hiwali nivassthani nivrutt jhaala.
sultan murad tisra yachya mrutyuchya aaspaschya rajvadyachya katamule hangeritil ottoman yojana nirash jhalya. sarvat mahattvache mhanje julami moldevia eroncha shoor aanee shoor voivode valakian voivode michael yane ottoman adhikaraviruddha bund kele hote. janewari 1595chya uttaradhat, aata lootmarane bharalelya tataranni tyancha gharee jaanyacha pravas suru keela. gothavalelya danubela olandun valakiyamadhye gelyavar tyanchyavar maykelchya sainyane hallah keela, aanee tyancha vinashkari parabhav jhaala aanee teey punha cylistrakade gele. khanane grand wazier sardar farhad pashala vallachiyatil naveen sthitichi mahitee dilee aanee fetih girayachya netrutvakhali 100,000 sainikanna balkanmadhye nenyasathi ochakivala eka tafa pathvanyache aavahan kele. khanane unhala krimiyamadhye ghalavala. septembermadhye fetihchya sainyache aagman, valleshiya aanee moldeviache upanadi rajyanmadhun bellerbelickmadhye rupantar karnyachya ottoman nirnayashi julale. ghazi girayane yaa sandhicha fayda ghetala aanee tyachya eka natevaikala naveen prantacha rajyapal mhanoon niyukt karanyachi vinanti kelee. tatar moldeviache urvarit khanatemadhye vilinikaran kartil ashee bheeti ottoman lokanna hotee aanee tyaeivaji ahmed beey yanchi yaa padavar niyukti kelee. sigismund bathory aanee etephan rezwan yanchya sainyacha parabhav karoon tataranni moldevia jinkla. khambanni yaa pradeshatil tatarchya pragatichi tapasani karoon zaan zamoyskila kaam deuun pratikriya dilee. donhi bajunni 19 september roji sikorachi ladhai (1595) ladhali, paraspar mage ghenyas aanee iremia movillela naveen moldevian viovoid mhanoon manyata denyas sahmati darshavanyapurvi. khanane hivalyat bendarmadhye, valakiyamadhye anek valsedar chhape takale, tarr fetih girayane ottoman lokanshi ragane vedha ghatala. darmyan, habsberg lokanni igger bhagatil daldali olandali hotee, jyamule muslim sainyala dhoka nirman jhaala hota. 26 aktoobar 1596 roji donhi bajunni kereztesachya ladhait bhag ghetala. ladhaichya shevati muslim vijayi jhaale, jeey yuddhadarmyan jhalele sarvat mothe yuddh hote.
dusare rajya.
yuddhatil tyachya bhoomikechya sanmanarth seaglazade yusuf sinan pasha yanchi grand wazier mhanoon niyukti karnyat aalee. tyane tabadtob ğazı giray laa barkhast kele aanee fetih ii girayala khaan mhanoon badhati dilee. ghazi girayane yaa mohimet vaiyaktikaritya sahbhagi honyas nakar dilyane, futiratavadi pravrutti aanee moldeviavaril tyachya aakanksha hii yaa patnamagil mukhya karane asalyacha aarop keela. ghazi girayane sultanala lihilelya patrat dawa keela hota qee too shoor maykelpasoon valakiyachya bachavat vyagra aahe aanee tyachi hakalpatti anyaykarak aahe kaaran too lachkhori, bund kinwa rayahvar atyachar karat navhata. jaree tyala anek vazirancha pathimba hota, taree tyachya patracha apekshit parinam jhaala navhata aanee sultan tyachya vachanashi kharaa rahila. fetihane aapali naveen bhoomika anichhene sweekarli kaaran tyane keval 20,000 sainikanche netrutva kele aanee hangeritil tyanchya vachanbaddhatemule ottoman tyala atirikt sainya puravu shakale naheet. fetih yane selamet giray aanee bahat giray yanchya natevaikanchya bhovati tyachya samarthakanche jaale tayar kele. matra, tyacha prabhav ajunahi maryadit hota aanee tatar sainyane junya khanla parat aananyachi magani kelee. paristhiti aanakhi guntaguntichi banavat, tyachya niyuktinantar keval 20 divasanni sigalazadela barkhast karnyat aale, naveen grand wazier damat ibrahim pasha yanni ğazı giray punha suru karnyachya kalpanela pathimba deela. sultanane pushtikaranachi done vegvegali patre tayar kelee, eka fetihsathi aanee dusari gazisathi, jyat tyacha pratinidhi hamdan aaga yala umedwarala patra denyas sangitale, jyala tataranmadhye sarvat motha pathimba aahe. sultan hamdan aaga yachya nakalat, too ghazi girayacha dirghkalapasun vaiyaktik mitra hota, tyane tyala rajadnyesah patra dile. tyachya surakshitatechya bhitine fetih circassian niyantrit taman dweepkalpat paloon gela, tyane constantinopla jaanyapurvi ghazi girela ekada shevatche bhetanyacha nirnay ghetala. kefechya baher mangit jamatichya eka sadasyane tyachi hatya kelee, baht girayachehi asech nasheeb ghadale. selamet girene sarkasiyamadhye rahoon sattecha sangharsh talhala. asha prakare fetihche teen mahinyanche rajya qamee jhaale aanee 1597 chya suruvatila ghazi girayane khanatevar punha niyantran midavale.
khanane hangeritil 1597 chya ottoman mohimet bhag ghenyas nakar deela. rashiyabarobarchya yuddhaviramache nutanikaran kelyanantar, tyane savalati midvanyachya prayatnat polland, valleshiya aanee moldeviamadhye rajdoot pathavale. julai 1598 madhye crimean sainya balkanmadhye paratale. sultan aanee samrat rudolph dusra yanchyat khaan madhyasth mhanoon kaam karat hota, kaaran selali bandkhorichya udrekamule ottoman lokanni sainyache shareer anatoliyakade valavanyacha prayatna keela. 29 august roji tatar bekkarek yetheel ottoman yuddh chhavanit sameel jhaale, tyanantar khanane valakiyatil aagami aakramanachya niyojanat sakriy bhag ghetala. moros nadichya bajoone kooch karat, muslimanni 1 aktoobar roji tyanchya mukhya lakshya varadala vedha ghalanyapurvi canutcha chhota killa jinkla. darugola aanee darugola yanchi mothee kamatarata, tasech katheen hawaman paristhitimule vedha ayashasvi jhaala. habsberg lokanni ottoman sainyachya valchiyakade valvinyachya karyacha fayda ghet taata, verpalota aanee wezprem tabyat ghetale, tasech budala vedha ghatala. khanane hiwala sombormadhye ghalavala, tarr tatar tukadi segedmadhye tainat hotee. taratudinmadhil kamtaratecha hawala dett khanane ghoshit kele qee tyala kayam rahnyasathi automan varanvar vinanti karoonahi crimean gharee paratatil, yache shrey tyala rudolph dusra yanchyakadun midalelya lachinna dile jaau shakate. too 1602 paryant khanatemadhyech rahila, tyaa kalat too gambhir aajari padala hota. tyane tyachya patnivar tyala fasavanyacha aarop keela, jyamule teela fashi denyat aalee. 1601 madhye tyala kalale qee nural-deane develet girayane anek mirzansah tyanchi hatya karnyacha aanee swatahsathi satta midvanyacha cutt rachala hota. katkaryanna mejavanisathi aamantrit karnyat aale hote, jithe tyanna shastrastra vikretyanni golya ghaloon thaar kele. develet giryache bhau ektar circasia kinwa anatoliala paloon gele aanee selamet girayane tyacha pathpurava keela. august 1602chya uttaradhat, khaan punha ekada hangerichya maidanasathi ravana jhaala. 23 september roji, telzainchya ladhait tatarancha parabhav jhaala, jyavar teey cylisteriamadhye parat aale aanee octoberchya madhyat ottoman lokanshi ekatra aale.
ghazi girayane hiwala pexmadhye ghalavala, tarr tyachya sainyane medimurje parvat, lugoj, sebe, tokaj, krka aanee rabah nadyanvar chhape taknyas suruvat kelee. sultan tyanchya aarthik maganya purn karnyat ayashasvi jhalyanantar hivalyachya shevati tatar gharee paratale. khanchya aayushyachya shevatchya varshambaddal phaar qamee mahitee aahe. tyane swatahun moheem kelee nahee, 1604 madhye tyacha mulga aanee kalge toctamis giray hangerila pathavala. tyane sarkasiyamadhye gazikarmancha killa ubharala, tyanantar lagechach plegchya udrekane (november 1607) tyacha mrutyu jhaala. tyachya mrutyunantar toktamis giirii khaan mhanoon tyachya jaagi aala.