
southworth aayog

southworth aayog haah british nyasaland sanrakshit prantachya (sadhyachya malavi prajasattak) rajyapalanni niyukt kelela chaukashi aayog hota, joou februwari 1959 madhye rajyapalane ghoshit kelelya aanibanichya sthiticha nishedh karananya nidarshakanviruddha polisanchya krauryachya aaropanchi chaukashi karnyasathi niyukt keela hota. british pantpradhan harrold mcmillan yanchya janewari 1960 madhye tyanchya african dauyacha bhag mhanoon blanterchya bhetidarmyan heey pradarshan jhaale aanee british aanee itar patrakaranni tyache sakshidar banale, jyapaiki kahinni varishtha european polis adhikadhyanvar aarop kele. yaa chaukashine polisanna krooratamukt kele, parantu ghatanancha viparyas kelyabaddal anek british vartaharanvar jordar teeka karoon tyanchya sandarbh atinchya palikade gele.
parshvabhoomi.
janewari 1959 madhye, nyasaland african congressche adhyaksh hastings bandaa yanni governor surr robbert armitage yanchyakade ghatanatmak sudharanansathi prastav sadar kele, jyamule nyasalandne rhodesia aanee nyasalandchya mahasanghatun maghar ghetali asatee. rajyapalanchya nakaramule sarkarvirodhi nidarshane, kahee hinsachar aanee aaghadichya congress karyakartyanchya prakshobhak vidhananmadhye vaadh jhaali. armitagene congressla konatihi savalat naan denyacha nirnay ghetala aanee rhodesia regimentchya european sainikanna nyasalandla pathvanyachi vinanti karoon samoohik atkesathi tayari kelee aanee 3 march 1959 roji tyane aanibanichi sthitee jaheer kelee, banda aanee nysalandchya aaghadichya african congress sadasyanna atak karnyache aanee tyanna rodeshiyamadhye turungvasache aadesh dile. nyasalandmadhye itar anek congress sadasyanna tabyat ghenyat aale.
laurd devlin yanchya netrutvakhalil aayogane julai 1959 madhye ahwal deela aanee bandala hinsacharala protsahan denyavarun nirdosh mukt kele. yamule british sarkarsathi nyasalandchya bhavishyasathi vishvasarh sanvidhanavar tyachyashi vataghati karnyacha marg khula jhaala. tathapi, british pantpradhan harrold mcmillan yanchya janewari aanee februwari 1960 madheel 'badalacha vaara' africi dauyanantarach, jyamadhye nyasalandchya bheticha samavesh hota, april 1960 madhye bandala najarkaidetun sodanyat aale aanee aanibanichi sthitee 16 juuna 1960 paryant uthavali gelee nahee.
nyasaland african kongresvar 3 march 1959 roji bandee ghalanyat aalee, parantu malavi congress paksh tyachya uttaradhikari mhanoon sthapan jhalyanantar lagechach, jaree tee tyachya purvavartinpeksha khoop mothee aanee adhik lokpriy sanghatana bunley. tyane malavi mahilanchi leag aanee malavi yuvakanchi leag yaa done talagalatil sanghatana dekhil tayar kelya. pahilya adhikaone adhikanyanna atak karnyachya anichhecha aanee tyahunahi adhik mahilanna turungat taknyachya manacha fayda uthavalah 17 teey 35 vayogatatil berojgar aanee asamadhani tarunanmadhun bharati keleli dusari pakshatil dahashatvadi shakha hotee, 1960 madhye 25,000 hoon adhik sadasyancha dawa keela aanee sarkari guptachar adhikadhyanchya matey, tyachya sadasyancha vapar nidarshananche netrutva karnyasathi aanee pakshachya virodhkanvar dhamkavanyasathi aanee hinsak krutye karnyasathi keela jaat asey.
blantery dangal'.
26 janewari 1960 roji mcmillan blantier yetheel riyal hotelmadhye nagri jevanala upasthit rahnar heey dnyat hote. mcmillanchya blantierchya bhetichya veleparyant aapatkalin niyamanmadhye kahee shithilata aalee hotee, tyamule nidarshane shakya hotee, parantu falak aanee bannerver bandee hotee. aanibanichi sthitee jaheer jhalyapasun nyasaland police dalat lakshaniy vaadh karnyat aalee hotee aanee konatyahi hinsacharacha samna karnyasathi vishesh dangalvirodhi pathakanchi sthapana karnyat aalee hotee. malavi congress pakshane hotelchya baher 50 teey 80 malavi yuva karyakartyanchya sanghatanechya netrutvakhali, chaloo asalelya aapatkalin nirbandhanvirodhat aanee bandala turungat taknyachya virodhat aandolan karnyasathi aanee prasiddhi midvanyasathi, ahinsak nidarshan aayojit karnyacha nirnay ghetala, kaaran yaa karyakramala vyapak prasarmadhyamanche vartankan milel.
26 janewari roji upasthit asalelya patrakaranchya ahavalat tyanni jyache varnan eka ugra parantu mothya pramanat shantatapurn nidarshan mhanoon kele aahe, teey pahanyachi ekoon sankhya 800 teey 1,000 itaki aahe, jee sakriyapane nidarshane karananya aanee banner gheuun jaananya sankhyepeksha khoopach jaast aahe. upasthit asalelya kahee british patrakaranni nondavale qee polisanni banner fadoon, nidarshakanna lathimar karoon aanee atak karoon dangal bhadkavali. tyanni asehi nondavale qee polisancha hinsachar andadhund hota, kaaran garditil prekshakanvar hallah karnyat aala aanee tyanna atak karnyat aalee aanee european adhikari hinsacharat sahbhagi hote. itar british patrakaranni polisanvar qamee teeka kelee, assa yuktivad keela qee nidarshakanni polisanna shivigal kelee aahe kinwa dhamkavalyache disate. patrakaranchi vrutti tyanchya kinwa tyanchya vruttapatranchya rajkiy bhoomikevar avalambun navhati; sarvat tivra nishedhanpaiki eka mhanje 'telegraph' sathee peregreen westhorn lekhan. dusarikade, rhodesian patrakaranni dawa keela qee polisanni hallyanna kiman balacha vapar karoon pratyuttar dile. polisancha kroorpana aanee pradarshakancha hinsachar donhi darshavinari chhayachitre parasparvirodhi vruttanchya samarthanarth prakashit karnyat aalee hotee
chaukashi.
kahee divasantach, anek british vruttapatranni nidarshananchya polisanchya hatalanichi nihpakshapati chaukashi karanyachi magani kelee. armitagene assa yuktivad keela qee heey eka kirkol nidarshan hote aanee mcmillansobat asalelya patrakaranni, shodh naan karata, polisanchya kroortela atishayokti darshavali hotee. tyanni tyanchi badnami karnyacha prayatna keela aanee chaukashichya garjeviruddha yuktivad keela. tathapi, vasahatvadi sachiv, iaan mcleod yanni prasarmadhyamanchya aanee sansadiy dabawala jhukat 2 februwari roji nyayadhishanchya netrutvakhalil chaukashila sahmati darshavali aanee aarmitejala tyachi vyavastha karnyache nirdesh dile.
nyasaland uchch nyayalayache nyaymurti fredrick southworth heey ekmev aayukt asalele southworth aayog, 26 janewari roji jhalelya ashantatechi chaukashi karnyasathi aanee visheshtah polisanchya kraurya aaropanchi chaukashi karnyasathi nyasalandchya rajyapalanni niyukt kele hote, jyat done namankit varishtha european polisancha samavesh hota. prasarmadhyamanchya vruttanchi chaukashi karane anivarya navhate. dusya mahayuddhadarmyan bharat, falanichya velee palestine aanee tanganyika yasarkhya hinsak pradeshanmadhye vasahatvadi kayadyachi amalbajavani karnyacha justices southworth yanna lakshaniy anubhav hota
sauthvarthchya nishkarshanni nyasaland polisanna krooratamukt kele aanee ghatanancha viparyas kelyabaddal british vartaharanvar jordar teeka kelee. tyanni assa nishkarsh kadhala qee polisanni nidarshakanche zende fadane heey gardichya aakramak vartanachya pratikriyesathi hote, jyache shrey tyanni kahee pramanat prasarmadhyamanchya upasthitila dile. akheris, southworthney tharavale qee, jyaa done european police adhikaanyaanee jaast balacha vapar keela asey naav denyat aale aahe, tyanni tivra chithavanikhoranchya parshvabhumivar sanyamane vagale.
jaree kahee pramanat prasarmadhyamandhye atishayokti jhaali asel aanee malavi yuva nidarshakanchya sanghatnene prasarmadhyamanchya upasthiticha gairfayda ghetala asel, taree tyanni nidarshakanna jhalelya dukhapatinna qamee karoon aanee tyanni kelelya mardhadkhor hallyanmule, nishpaksh asalyacha sauthvarthcha dawa kharab jhaala, jyaa patrakaranni tyanchya vyaktimatvabaddal aanee balacha vapar karnyabaddalchya spasht purvakalpanambaddal tyanchya matanpeksha polisanviruddha purave dile hote tyanchya pramaniktevar qamee.
parinam.
southwarthne prasarmadhyamanvar kelelya hallyanmule british sarkar chintit hote, parantu tyanni tyanna kinwa aarmitejala heey qamee karnyas sangitale nahee. tathapi, british sarkarcha navhe tarr nyasaland sarkarcha dastaivaj mhanoon ahwal prakashit karoon aanee keval eka sankshipt lekhee sansadiy nivedan deuun, konatyahi sansadiy vadavivadala taalha dett, jyaa vruttapatranvar teeka karnyat aalee hotee, tyaa vruttapatranni farse bhashya kele nahee, tyamule konatahi pratikool parinam qamee karnyasathi teey pudhe gele. lekhee samanya nivedanat tapasache nishkarsh polisanvaril kroorateche aarop fetalanare asalyache manya kele.
prasarmadhyamanni british janata aanee sansadela rhodesia aanee nyasalandchya mahasanghala africi virodhakanchi takad aanee tyaa virodhaviruddha mahasanghala tikavoon thevanyasathi aavashyak asalelya dadapshahiche praman adhorekhit kele. 1959 aanee 1960 chya suruvatichya ghatananmule aarmitejchi badnami jhalih tyane mcleodcha aatmavishvas gamavala aanee mcleodchya pragatisathi adthala mhanoon pahile aanee malavi congress pakshala teey asvikarya hote. bandanchya sutkenantar, aanee jaree tyanche governorpad april 1961 paryant sampanar navhate, taree august 1960 madhye armitagela rajevar jaanyacha sallah denyat aala aanee teey nyasalandla naan paratata nivrutt jhaale. southworth nyayadhish rahile aanee 1964 madhye malavichya swatantryanantar teey malavichya nyayvyavasthetil pahile mukhya nyayadhish jhaale.