dhumrapan

smocking heey eka bharatkam tantra aahe jeey kapad gola karnyasathi vaparale jaate jenekarun teey tanoo shakel. lavchik honyapurvi, samanyatah cuff, bodis aanee kapadyanchya neklainmadhye smocking vapar keela jaat asey, jethe batane avanchhaniy hotee. englandmadhye smocking vikasit jhaale aanee madhyayugapasun tyacha sarav keela jaat aahe aanee bharatkam paddhatinmadhye heey asamanya aahe kaaran teey anekada majur paridhan karat asat. bharatkam karnyachya itar pramukh shaili keval sajavatichya aanee sthitichi chinhe chinhe aahet. kapadyanna fitt aanee lavchik asey donhi swaroop asane, dhoomrapan karane vyavharik hote, mhanoon tyache naav 'smock'-eka shetaki majuranchya kamachya shirtwaroon aale aahe. atharavya aanee ekonisavya shatkat smocking sarvat mothya pramanat vapar keela jaat hota.
sahitya.
smockingsathi sthir vinkamasah halakya vajanache kapad aavashyak asate jeey changle gola hote. kapus aanee resheem heey tantunche vaishishtyapurn paryay aahet, bahutekda lonn kinwa voilmadhye. kapasachya kinwa resheem dhagyatil bharatkam suivar smocking kele jaate aanee samanyatah tayar vastoochya rundipeksha teen patine rundichi aavashyakta asate. aitihasikdrushtya, smocking kaam pico, crape dii chayana aanee kashmirimadhyehi kele jaat asey. changli gharkamah suichya vastunche sachitra pustak" yaa tattvanusar, jarr teey gola karnyasathi purese lavchik asel tarr konatyahi prakarche kapad dhuun takale jaau shakate."
kapad vividh prakare patyanmadhye gola kele jaau shakate. 
lavkar smocking kinwa mojmap hatane kele jaat asey. kahee bharatkam bharatkam putthyacha aanee bharatkam chinhankit pencilcha vapar karoon swatache margdarshak dekhil tayar kele. 1880 paryant, 'weldons' sarkhya masikanmadhye 'iyern-aun transfer dots' upalabdh jhaale aanee tyanchi jahirat karnyat aalee. lokhandi-aun hastantaran kapadchya chukichya bajula samaan antar asalele thipke thevate, jeey nantar niyamitpane niyamitpane shivanacha vapar karoon bharavale jaatat. 
1950 chya dashakachya suruvatipasun, gharguti dhoomrapan dhoomrapan plating machines upalabdh aahet. gears aanee vishesh platter suya vaparoon, kapad gearsdware aanee dhagyanchya suyanvar jabardastine lavale jaate. plating machines samanyatah 16-pankti, 24-pankti aanee 32-pankti rundimadhye dilee jaatat.
paddhati.
smocking mhanje kapade ekatra karnyapurvi kelele kaam. tyat sahasa kapadachya tukadyachi parimane tyachya mool rundichya eka trutiyanshparyant qamee karane samavisht asate, jaree jaad kapadyanmadhye badal kadhikadhi qamee asatat. vaiyaktik dhumrapan taake dekhil ghatt honyamadhye lakshaniyaritya badaltat, mhanoon bharatkam karnare sahasa dhumrapan shikanyas suruvat karatat tevha sarav aanee sandarbhasathi namuna tayar karatat.
paramparik haat dhunyachi suruvat kapadachya chukichya bajula greedchya namunyat 'smocking dots' chinhankit karoon aanee tatpuratya chaloo asalelya tankyansah gola karoon hote. heey taake pratyek tokavar asha prakare lavalele asatat qee jeey nantar kadhoon taknyas madat karatat aanee teey taake lavnyapramanech asatat. tyanantar kebal shivanachi eka ola ('aaa' pahaa) kamkajachya kshetrachya varchya aanee khalchya bhagala sthir karate.
smocking anek atyadhunik namunyanmadhye kele jaau shakate. 
haat dhunyache manak taake asey aaheth 
aaa. kebal shivanah duheri olinche ghatt shivan jeey ektrit kelelya stambhanna eka eka karoon jodate.
buub. khodavarche shivanah kamitakami lavchikta asalela ghatt shivan joou khalchya utarasah ekach ativyapi ranganmadhye ekach velee done stambhanna jodato.
see. bahyarekha shivanah khodachya shivnyasarkhich parantu varchya dishene utaar asaleli.
dii. kebal flowerate gola kelelya chaar stambhanvar teen ranganmadhye kaam kaam gola kelelya vastooncha sanch. sail smockingsathi anekada fulanchya tirkas mandani kelelya sanchanmadhye aayojit kele jaate.
eae. lahari shivanah eka madhyam ghanatecha namuna jyamadhye bariksarik ghatt aadve taake aanee sail karn taake vaparale jaatat.
eff. madhmashyache shivanah kebalachya shivanavaril eka madhyam ghanatecha prakar joou pratyek sanchala donada shivato aanee tyanchya darmyan adhik antar pradan karato, jyamadhye kapadachya ulatya bajula madhyabhagi karn shivan lapvoon thewali jaate.
jee. prushthbhagavaril madhmashyache shivanah madhmashyachya shivanavar eka ghatt prakar aanee tirkas shivanasah lahariche shivan drishyaman aahe, parantu gola aanee jageaivaji fakt eka gola karate.
etch. trailis shivanah eka madhyam ghanatecha namuna joou joou aakarache namune tayar karnyasathi khodanche taake aanee bahyaresheche taake vaparato.
aay. vandyke shivanah prushthbhagavaril madhmashyachya shivanyavaril eka ghatt prakar joou viruddha dishene karn taake gundalato.
jeey. sonyache shivanah eka guntaguntiche gathalele shivan jeey ekach shivanat anek gatanna jodate. kebal floweratepramanech aayojit kele jaate.
sanstha.
smocking sanstha aanee gatanmadhye smocking arts gilled auph america (saga), smocking arts gilled auph aine. ess. doubleu. aanee embroiderers gilled auph america yancha samavesh aahe.

