
lahan vyavasay

lahan vyavasay heey asha prakarchya mahamandalanche, bhagidariche kinwa ekahati malakiche prakar aahet jyanche karmchari qamee aahet aanee/kinwa niyamit aakarachya vyavasay kinwa mahamandalapeksha qamee varshik mahasool aahe. sarkari pathimbyasathi arj karnyas aanee pradhanyachya curr dhoranasathi patra tharnyachya drushtine vyavasayanchi vyakhya 'lahan' ashee kelee jaate. desh aanee udyoganusar patrata badaltat. lahan vyavsayanmadhye austreliyan "phair vark ect 2009" antargat pandhra karmchari, european unionne vaparlelya vyakhyenusar pannas karmchari aanee anek yuu. ess. sathee patra honyasathi pachshepeksha qamee karmchari aahet.ess. laghu vyavasay prashasana karyakram. varshik mahasool, malvahatuk, vikri, malmatta, varshik sakal, nivval mahasool, nivval napha yasarkhya itar paddhatinnusar lahan vyavasayanche vargikaran kele jaau shakate, tarr karmchanyanchi sankhya haah sarvat mothya pramanat vaparlya jaananya upayanpaiki eka aahe.
anek deshantil chhotya vyavsayanmadhye seva kinwa kirkol vyavhar jase qee suvidha dukane, lahan kirana dukane, bekari kinwa swadisht vastoo, keshbhushakar kinwa vyapari (udaa.jee.sutar, vidyutkar), upahargruhe, motel, chhayachitrakar, atishay lahan utpadan aanee web rachana aanee sanganak programming yasarkhe internetshee sambandhit vyavasay. kahee vyavsayik vakeel, lekhapal, dantvaidhya, vaidyakeey doctor aanee vikasak (jaree heey vyavsayik mothya sanstha kinwa companyansathi dekhil kaam karoo shakatat) asey lahan vyavasay mhanoon kaam karatat. lahan vyavasay aakar, mahasool aanee niyamak adhikrutatechya babatit, deshantargat aanee deshanusar, khoop bhinn asatat. gruh lekha vyavsayasarkhya kahee chhotya vyavasayanna keval vyavasay parvanyachi aavashyakta asoo shakate. dusarikade, divas palanare, nivrutti gruh aanee daroo puravnari upahargruhe yasarkhya itar chhotya vyavasayanche adhik mothya pramanat niyaman kele jaate aanee tyasathi vividh sarkari adhikadhyankadun tapasani aanee pramanpatrachi aavashyakta asoo shakate.
vaishishtye.
lahan kinwa malak-vyavasthapit vyavasayanche sanshodhak aanee vishleshak samanyatah nammatra sanghatanatmak swarupasarkhe vagatat (udaa.jee.bhagidari, ekal vyapari kinwa mahamandal) aanee malak-vyavasthapit companyanchya parinami kayadeshir aanee lekha seema satatyane arthpurn asatat. tathapi, malak-vyavasthapak anekada tyanchya vaiyaktik aanee vyavsayik hitsambandhanmadhye farak karat naheet. karjdar anekada vaiyaktik hummy gheuun kinwa khajgi malkichi malmatta taaran mhanoon swikaroon sanghatanatmak (corporate) seema olandatat. yaa vartanamule, sanshodhak aanee vishleshak malak-vyavasthapit companyanshi sambandhit sanghatanatmak prakar aanee nihit simanche moolyankan kartana savadh rahoo shakatat. yamadhye paramparik lekha prakatikarananche vishleshan aanee aupcharik sanghatanatmak sanrachanedvare paribhashit kelyapramane sansthela vagavana abhyasancha samavesh aahe.
laghu vyavasay, swayamrojgarachya sankalpana, udhyojakta aanee startup.
laghu vyavasay, swayamrojgarachya sankalpana, udhyojakta aanee startup yaa parasparvirodhi aahet, parantu tyat mahattvapoorn farak dekhil aahet. yaa chaar sankalpana anekada ektrit kelya jaatat.tyanchya mukhya farkancha saransh assa deela jaau shakatoh
anek lahan vyavasay heey ekmev malak asatat, jyat keval malak asato, parantu anekankade atirikt karmchari dekhil asatat. utpadan, prakriya kinwa seva deu karananya kahee chhotya vyavasayancha vikas haah tyancha prathamik uddesh nasato. yaulat, eka mothee company honyasathi tayar kelela vyavasay startup mhanoon olakhala jaato. startupsche uddisht vikasache asate aanee teey anekada navinyapurn utpadan, prakriya kinwa seva detat. startupche udhyojak samanyatah karmchari jodoon, aantarrashtriy vikri shodhat aanee asha prakare company vadhavanyache uddisht thevatat, hii eka ashee prakriya aahe jyasathi anekada parantu nehmich udyam bhandwal aanee engel guntavanukindware vittapuravatha keela jaat nahee. yashasvi udhyojkanna yogya niyojan karoon, badalatya vatavaranashi julavun gheuun aanee tyanchi swatachi takad aanee kamkuvatpana samajoon gheuun vyavasayala sakaratmak dishene nenyachi kshamata asate. vikasat vistar karananya startupschya netradipak yashogatha aahet. microsoft, genentac aanee federal express hii udaharane asateel, jee serve chhotya vyavasayanvar naveen upkram nirmitichi bhavna sakartat.
swayamrojagarachi suvidha pramukhyane sansthapkansathi asate. udhyojakta mhanje swayamrojagaracha aanee kadhihi mothe honyacha kinwa nondanikrut honyacha hetu nasalelya vyavsayansah serve naveen vyavasayancha sandarbh aahe, parantu startups mhanje naveen vyavasay jyancha sansthapakanchya palikade vadhanyacha, karmchari asane aanee mothe honyacha hetu aahe.
aakarachya vyakhya.
laghu vyavasaya' chee kayadeshir vyakhya deshanusar aanee udyoganusar badalate. karmchanyanchya sankhyevyatirikt, chhotya companyanche vargikaran karnyasathi vaparlya jaanarya paddhatinmadhye varshik vikri (uladhal), malmatteche moolya aanee nivval napha (taleband), keval kinwa ghatakanche sanyojan mhanoon samavisht aahe.
lahan vyavasay sahasa tyanchya kshetravar varchasva gajavat naheet.
khaleel takta vyavasayachya aakarachya namkaranasathi margdarshak mhanoon kaam karato.
vyavasayachya aakarachya vyakhya (karmchanyanchya sankhyenusar)
loksankhyashastra.
2016 madhye, lahan vyavasay malakanchya loksankhyeche parikshan karnara eka abhyas prakashit karnyat aala. abhyasat asey disun aale aahe qee madhyam american laghuudhyog malak 50 varshanpeksha jaast vayache hote. 50 varshanpeksha jaast vayache 51 takke, id1 vayogatatil 33 takke aanee 35 varshanpeksha qamee vayache 16 takke. linganusarah 55 takke purush, 36 takke mahila aanee 9 takke purush aanee mahila doghanchi samaan malki hotee. vanshabaddalah 72 takke pandhare/caucasian, 13.5% lattin, 6.3 takke african american, 6.2 takke ashiyai aanee 2 takke itar hote. shaikshanik parshvabhoomih 39 takke lokanni padvi kinwa tyahoon adhik prapt kelee hotee, 33 takke lokanni kahee mahavidhyalayin parshvabhoomi hotee aanee 28 takke lokanni kiman hyschool diploma prapt keela hota.
2014 aanee 2015 yaa varshansathichya united stateschya jangananetil aakadevari, chhotya vyavasayanchya malkicha mahilancha vaataa, drudh aakaranusar darshavate. hii aakadevari mahilanchya malkichi takkewari aanee malkansah karmchanyanchi sankhya spasht karate. sadharanpane, vyavasay jitka lahan asel, titkach too ekhadya mahilechya malkicha asanyachi shakyata jaast asate. aakadevarivarun asey disun yete qee, 'id1' chey karmchari asalelya sumare 22 takke chhotya vyavasayanchya malkichya mahila hotya, jyachi takkewari vyavasay jitka lahan hoil titaki vadhate. keval 2 teey 4 karmchari asalele 41 takke vyavasay mahilandware chalavale jaat hote aanee keval eka vyaktisah vyavsayanmadhye, 51 takke prakarananmadhye tee vyakti mahila hotee.
franchisee vyavasay.
franchising haah lahan vyavasay malakanna mothya mahamandalachya (franchisor) aarthik patalicha laabh ghenyacha eka marg aahe. mcdonalds aanee sabave hii franchiseechee udaharane aahet. lahan vyavasay malak tyanchi swatachi guntavanuk parvadanari thevat mothya companychya majboot brand navacha aanee krayshakticha laabh gheu shakato. tathapi, kahee franchisee assa nishkarsh kadhatat qee tyanna corporate aadeshandvare khoop pratibandhit aanee khyan swatantryacha abhav aahe asha bhavna tyanna 'donhi jagatil sarvat white' tras sahan karava lagato. haah eka gruhitak aahe qee lahan vyavasay haah keval franchisee aahe, parantu satya heey aahe qee anek franchisor dekhil lahan vyavasay aahet, jaree vyavasay karnyacha eka yashasvi marg manla jaat asala taree, franchisingmadhye dekhil uchch apayashache praman aahe heey sahityane siddha kele aahe, visheshtah yukemadhye, jethe sanshodhan asey soochit karate qee 1984 madhye karyarat asalelya 1658 franchising kampanyanpaiki keval 601 1998 madhye rahile, keval 36 takke.
kirkol vikretyanche sahkari.
kirkol vikretyanchi sahkari sanstha haah eka prakarcha sahkari sanstha aahe joou tyachya kirkol vikretyachya sadasyanchya vatine mothya pramanavar arthvyavasthanna rojgar deto. kirkol vikretyanchya sahkari sanstha utpadkankadun savalati midvanyasathi aanee anekada vipanan kharch vatoon ghenyasathi tyanchya krayshakticha vapar karatat. tyanna anekada "sthanik gut" mhanoon olakhale jaate kaaran tyanchyat samudayamadhye tyanchi swatachi dukane aahet. sthanik malkichi kirana dukane, hardware dukane aanee aushadhavikretyansathi kirkol vikretyanchya sahkari sansthanmadhye sahbhagi hone samanya aahe. utkrusht yantrasamagri, kharey moolya aanee napa hii kirkol vikretyanchya sahkari sansthanchi udaharane aahet. kirkol sahkari sanstha grahakanna tyanchi swatachi kamai puravanyachi aanee vyavasay kshetrabaher saudebajichi shakti midvanyachi parvanagi detat. kirkol sahkari sanstha pramukhyane chhotya samudayanmadhye rahatat jithe sthanik vyavasay anekada bund asatat.
fayade.
anek lahan vyavasay qamee kharchat aanee ardhvel aadharavar suru kele jaau shakatat, tarr ekhadi vyakti niyoktyasobat niyamit nokri karat rahate kinwa gharatil kutumbatil sadasyanchi kalji ghete. vikasansheel deshanmadhye, anek lahan vyavasay heey ekmev malak aahet, jase qee bajarpethechya dukanat utpadane vikane kinwa rastyavar vikri karnyasathi garam ann tayar karane, jyamule thode utpann milate. 2000 chya dashakat, eka lahan vyavasay dekhil internet vipananasathi yogya aahe; kaaran, too sahajpane vishesh jaaga deu shakato, jeey 1990 chya dashakachya uttaradhat suru jhalelya internet krantipurvi adhik katheen jhaale asate. internet vipanan lahan vyavasayanna qamee andajpatrakasaha vipanan karanyachi kshamata dete. vyavasayat aanee visheshtah chhotya vyavasayat badalashi julavun ghene mahattvache aahe; mothya mahamandalanshi sambandhit nokarshahi jadatvashi jodalele naslyamule, lahan vyavasay badalatya bajarpethechya maganila adhik lavkar pratisad deu shakatat. lahan vyavasay malak mothya mahamandalanpeksha tyanchya grahakanshi aanee grahakanshi jawalcha vaiyaktik sampark sadhatat, kaaran lahan vyavasay malak darr aathvadyala tyanchya grahakanna pratyaksh pahatat.
eka abhyasat asey disun aale aahe qee, sthanik arthvyavasthesathi naveen sakhali dukane suru karnyapeksha lahan, sthanik vyavasay changle aahet. naveen rashtriy staravaril sakhali dukane ughadalyane sthanik malkichya vyavasayancha napha mothya pramanat qamee hoto aanee anek vyavasay ayashasvi hotat aanee tyanna bund karave lagate. yamule ghatankiy parinam nirman hoto. jevha eka dukan bund hote, tevha lock tyanchya nokya gamavatat, itar vyavasay ayashasvi vyavasayamule vyavasay gamavatat, ityadi. anek prakarananmadhye, mothya kampanya jitkya nokya nirman karatat titkya jaaga badaltat.
swatantrya.
swatantrata haah lahan vyavasayacha aanakhi eka fayda aahe. chhotya vyavasayachya malkala ahwal denyasathi paryavekshak, vyavasthapak kinwa mandalakade ahwal denyachi garaj nahee, jee nigmachya mukhya karyakari adhikadhyachi paristhiti aahe. tasech, anek lokanna swatache nirnay ghenyachi, swatachi jokhim patkarnyachi aanee tyanchya prayatnanche phal midvanyachi ichcha asate. aarthik aanee itar paryavaraniy ghatkandware ladalelya nirbandhanmadhye swatache nirnay ghenyachi lavchikta aanee swatantrya chhotya vyavasay malakanna aahe. tathapi, udhyojkanna khoop jaast taas kaam karave lagate aanee heey samajoon ghyave lagate qee shevati tyanche grahak tyanche boss asatat.
lahan vyavasay (bahutekda kutumbatil sadasyandvare chalavale jaanare) badalatya paristhitishi jalad julavun gheu shakatat; tathapi, teey naveen dnyanache shoshan aanee baheroon naveen kamgaranna niyukt karnyasathi dekhil bund asoo shakatat.
aarthik ahwal.
mothya vyavasayanna bhedasavana vyavasayanpeksha lahan vyavasayanna qamee vyapak lekha aanee aarthik ahwal aavashyaktancha fayda hoto.
2013 chya varshik vittiy vivaranpatranvaril european unionchya nirdeshanche uddisht "prashasakeey oze maryadit karane aanee visheshtah lahan aanee madhyam aakarachya udhyogansathi (ess. emm. eae. ess.) sope aanee majboot lekha niyam pradan karane" heey aahe. brittenmadhye, kampanya, bhagidari aanee gut (khaatee aanee ahwal) niyam 2015 neey eae. yuu. nirdeshanche brittonchya kayadyat rupantar kele aanee 1 janewari 2016 roji kinwa tyanantar suru honanya konatyahi lekha kalavadhisathi qamee prakatikaran khatyansathi ahwal vyavasthet sudharana kelee. lahan sansthansathi 'eff. aar. ess. eae.', 'lahan sansthansathi vittiy ahwal manak' antargat 'sankshipt khaatee' karnyas parvanagi denyat aalee hotee. 2015 paryant, yooke company kayada 2006 antargat lahan manalya jaananya companyanna heey manak vaparanyachi parvanagi hotee. 1 janewari 2016 roji kinwa tyanantar sampananya lekha varshansathi, eff. aar. ess. ess. eae. aata upalabdh nahee, parantu 'sankshipt khaatee' aanee 'phillet khaatee' mhanoon olakhale jaanare paryay aaheth
paryayane, lahan kampanya 'sookshm-astitva khaatee' dakhal karoo shakatat. eff. aar. ess. 105 heey sookshm sansthanchya vyavasthela lagoo honare vittiy ahwal manak aahe.
aavhane.
chhotya vyavasayanna anekada vividh samasyanna samore jaave lagate, jyapaiki kahee tyanchya aakarashi sambandhit asatat. diwalkhoriche varanvarche kaaran bhandavalikaranakhali aahe. heey anekada aarthik paristhitipeksha kharab niyojanacha parinam asate. haah eka samanya niyam aahe qee udhyojkala apekshit kharchavyatirikt vyavasayachya pahilya varshachya andajit mahasulachya kiman barobarichi rakkam midayala havee. udaharanarth, pahilya varshi 1,00,000 mahasulacha andaj asalelya sambhavya malakanna, aanee 150,000 prarambhik kharchat kiman 250,000 upalabdh asavet. vyavasay suru karnyachya kharchala anekada khoopach qamee pramanat andaj lavala jaato jyamule vyavasayacha boja vadhato. companyla yaa patalicha nidhi puravanyat ayashasvi jhalyas, qamee bhandavalatvachya siddhantanusar diwalkhorichya nyayalayat companychya serve karjasathi malak jababdar rahoo shakato.
vyavasayakade purese bhandwal aahe yachee khatri karnyavyatirikt, chhotya vyavasayachya malkane yogdan maryadechi (vikri vaja chull kharch) dekhil kalji ghetali pahije. todanyasathi, vyavasay vikrichya asha patalivar pohochanyas saksham asane aavashyak aahe jithe yogdan margine nishchit kharchachya barobariche aahe. jevha teey pahilyanda suruvat karatat, tevha anek lahan vyavasay malak tyanchya utpadananchi kimmat asha tappyaparyant qamee karatat qee tyanchya kamal kshamatevar dekhil, teey todane ashakya asate. kharch niyantran kinwa kimmatit vaadh anekada hii samasya sodavate.
united statesmadhye, vima kharch (jase dayitva aanee aarogya), urja kharch, curr aanee curr anupalan yaa chhotya vyavasay malakanchya sarvat mothya chintanpaiki kahee aahet. united kingdam aanee austreliyamadhye, lahan vyavasay malakanna sarkari lalfiticha atirek jaanavnyabaddal adhik kalji vatate.
americetil chhotya vyavasayansathi kararatil fasavanuk hii eka satatchi samasya rahili aahe. 1953 chya laghu vyavasay kayadyanusar, sarkarchya serve pramukh kararanchya ekoon mulyachya yogya bhagacha (23 takke) laabh ghene heey lahan vyavasayanna kayadeshiraritya bandhankarak aahe. 2002 pasoon, federal tapasanit fasavanuk, gairavapar, truti aanee federal laghu vyavasay kararatil dekharekhicha abhav aadhalala aahe, jyamule lahan vyavasay kararanmadhye kotyavadhi dollars mothya mahamandalanmadhye valavale gele aahet.
anek chhotya vyavasayansathi aanakhi eka samasya mhanje 'udhyojak mithak' kinwa eae-mithak. asey gruheet dharale jaate qee dilelya tantrik kshetratil tadnya dekhil asha prakarcha vyavasay chalavanyat tadnya asel. vyavasay suralit chalvanyasathi atirikt vyavasay vyavasthapan kaushalye aavashyak aahet. yapaiki kahee gairsamaj heey lahan vyavasay vyavasthapkanmadhye udhyojak kinwa bhandavaldar mhanoon farak karnyat apayash aalyane udbhavtat. chhotya companyanche jawaljawal serve malak-vyavasthapak bhandavaldar mhanoon kaam karnyas bandhil asale, taree alpasankhyak vyaktich udhyojak mhanoon kaam kartil. malak-vyavasthapak aanee udhyojak yanchyatil resha tyancha vyavasay vikas-kendrit aahe qee nahee yavar avalambun paribhashit kelee jaau shakate. sarvasadharanpane, lahan vyavasay malak pramukhyane vadhanyaivaji jaganyavar laksh kendrit karatat; mhanoon, eka udhyojak mhanoon corporate jivanchakrachya paach tappyancha (janm, vaadh, paripakvata, punarujjivan aanee ghasaran) anubhav ghet naheet.
anek chhotya vyavasayansathi aanakhi eka samasya mhanje mothya vyavasayanchi prabhav padanyachi kinwa kadhikadhi tyanchya yashachya shakyata nishchit karanyachi kshamata. yukemadhil chhotya vyavasayanni vyavsayik networking aanee soshal mediacha vapar eka pramukh sadhan mhanoon keela aahe, parantu tyapaiki bahutek bajarala fayda pohochavanyachya hatash prayatnat fakt 'scattergan' drushtikon vapartat, joou titka yashasvi nahee. nimmyahoon adhik chhotya companyanmadhye vyavasay yojanecha abhav asato, jeey upkramachya yashasathi sarvat mahattvachya ghatakanpaiki eka manale jaate. vyavasay niyojan heey vadhichya sudharit sambhavananshi sambandhit aahe. nidhi puravathadar aanee guntavanukdaranna sahasa vyavasay yojanechi aavashyakta asate. yojana malak aanee mukhya karyakari adhikadhyansathi dhoranatmak niyojan dastaivaj mhanoon dekhil kaam karate, jyacha vapar nirnay ghenyasathi baibal mhanoon keela jaau shakato. 
aantarrashtriy vyapar sarvekshananusar, niryat karananya vyavasayancha britishancha vaataa 2012 madheel 32 takkyanvarun 2013 madhye 39 takkyanparyant vadhala. jaree heey sakaratmak vatat asale, taree pratyakshat vikas mand aahe, kaaran lahan vyavasay malak pratyaksh aanee samajalya jaananya adthalyanmule niryat karnyapasoon door rahatat. paradeshi bhashechi moolbhut tattve shikane haah naveen vyapar bajarpethesathi darvaje ughadanyacha upay asoo shakato, heey eka vastav aahe qee serve paradeshi vyavsayik bhagidar ingraji bolat naheet. 2013 madhye chean 7.6 takkyanni vadhanar asalyache mhatale jaate aanee tarihi, chinala niryat karoo ichchinanya 95 takke vyavasay malakanna tyanchi sthanik bhasha shikanyachi ichcha nahee aanee dnyanahi nahee.
diwalkhori.
jevha lahan vyavasay ayashasvi hoto, tevha malak diwalkhorisathi arj karoo shakato. bahutansh prakarananmadhye, heey vaiyaktik diwalkhori dakhal karoon hatalale jaau shakate. mahamandal diwalkhorichi nond karoo shakatat, parantu jarr tee vyavasayatun baher padali asel aanee maulyavan corporate malmatta surakshit karjdarankadun punha tabyat ghenyachi shakyata asel tarr corporate diwalkhorichya kharchat jaanyacha farsa fayda nahee. anek rajye chhotya vyavsayik malmattanna suut detat jenekarun teey vaiyaktik diwalkhorichya kalat aanee nantarhi kaam suru thevu shaktil. tathapi, corporate malmattanna samanyatah suut dilee jaat nahee; tyamule, malkane diwalkhorichi nond kelyas nigamit vyavasay suru thevane adhik katheen asoo shakate. sanshodhkankadun, apayashachya andajarhateche pratirup tayar karnyachya prayatnansah, chhotya vyavsayik apayashanchi thodi sakhol tapasani kelee gelee aahe.
samajik jababdari.
chhotya vyavasayanna tyanchya aakaramadhye antarbhut asalelya vaishishtyanmule corporate samajik jababdarishi sambandhit anek samasyanna samore jaave lagoo shakate. chhotya vyavasayanche malak anekada tyanchya companyanchya dainandin kamanmadhye mothya pramanat sahbhagi hotat. yamule sthanik dharmaday sansthanna kinwa naa-napha upkramanna pathimba dene yasarkhya samajik jababdarichya prayatnanmadhye samanvay sadhanyasathi malkala velecha abhav hoto. yavyatirikt, chhotya vyavasayachya malakache kaushalya anekada samajik jababdarichya paddhatinchya kshetrabaher yete, jeey sahbhagachya abhavat yogdan deu shakatat. chhotya vyavasayannahi tyanchya sambandhit udhyoganmadhil mothya shaktinchya samvayaskanchya dabawala samore jaave lagate, jyamule udhyogachya apekshanchya virodhat kaam karane aanee virodh karane katheen hote. shivay, chhotya vyavasayanna bhagdharkanchya apekshanmule taana yeto. lahan vyavasayanche tyanche snrakshak aanee sthanik bhagdharkanshi adhik vaiyaktik sambandh asalyane, tyanna samajik jababdarichya paddhatinshi vachanbaddha honyache fayade midvayache asateel kinwa nastil tarr tyanni sakhol chhananicha samna karnyas tayar asale pahije.
kamachi gunavatta.
lahan vyavasay americet nimmyahoon adhik kamgaranna rojgar dett asatana aanee rojgar nirmitimagil mukhya prerak shakti mhanoon sthapit jhaale asale taree, yaa vyavasayanmule nirman honanya rojgaranchya gunavattevar prashnachinh upasthit kele gele aahe. lahan vyavasay samanyatah duyyam kamgar bajaratil vyaktinna rojgar detat. parinami, yuu.ess.mothya companyanchya karmchanyansathi vetan 49 takke jaast aahe. yavyatirikt, anek lahan vyavasay mothya companyanmadhye karmchanyanna dile jaanare laabh pradan karnyas sangharsh karatat kinwa asamarth asatat. yuu. aii. kadoon sanshodhan.ess. chhotya vyavasay prashasanavarun asey soochit hote qee mothya companyanchya karmchanyanna pagar, pagari sutty, pagari sutty, bonus, vima aanee nivrutti yojnansah laabh milanyachi shakyata 17 takke jaast aahe. qamee vetan aanee qamee laabh heey donhi miloon tumchyat nokaricha uladhal darr nirman karatat.ess. mothe vyavasay asalelya kampanyanpeksha teenpat mothe asalele chhote vyavasay. chhotya vyavasayanchya karmchanyanni dekhil chhotya companyanchya uchch apayashachya darachyashi julavun ghetale pahije, jyacha arth assa aahe qee, tyaa sansthechya ghasaranimule tyanchi nokri jaanyachi shakyata jaast asate. yuu madhye.ess. 69 takke lahan vyavasay kiman done varshe tikatat, parantu paach varshe karyarat asalelya companyansathi hii takkewari 51 takkyanparyant khalee yete.yuu.ess. laghu vyavasay prashasana udyoganusar, $35.5 dashalaksh itaki vikri asalelya kampanya aanee 1,500 karmchari asalelya companyanna "lahan vyavasay" mhanoon ganate. sarkarchya baher, 7 dashalaksh dollarspeksha qamee vikri aanee pachshepeksha qamee karmchari asalelya companyanna mothya pramanavar lahan vyavasay manale jaate.
cyber gunhe.
vyavsayik jagatatil cyber gunhyanche 4 mukhya shreninmadhye vibhajan kele jaau shakate. tyamadhye pratishtha aanee grahakancha aatmavishvas qamee hone, samasyeche nirakaran karnyacha kharch, bhandwal aanee malmatteche nuksan aanee yaa samasyanmule yeu shakananya kayadeshir adchanincha samavesh aahe. eka hallyanantar pratishtha gamavane aanee grahakancha aatmavishvas qamee hone yavar motha parinam houu shakato. anek lahan vyavasayanna tyanchya grahakanvar vishvas aanee vishvas midvanyasathi sangharsh karava lagel, kaaran tyanna aadhi samasya aalya hotya. cyber hallyache nirakaran karnyasathi lagananya kharchasathi tyanchya kshetrabaheril tadnyanna pudhil tapas aanee samasya shodhane aavashyak asel. ekhadya vyavasayasathi khalee padane mhanje ekach velee paise gamavane. yamule online vyavhar thambu shakatat aanee yacha arth assa qee vyavasay dirghkalasathi bund rahoo shakato. bhandavalachi aanee malmattechi haanee haah samasyeche nirakaran karnyachya kharchashi changla sambandh thevato. cyber hallyachya velee, ekhadya vyavasayala tyaa vyavasayasathicha nidhi gamvava lagoo shakato. sarvat white paristhiti, vyavasay pratyakshat tyache serve karyarat bhandwal aanee nidhi gamavoo shakato. cyber gunhyashi sambandhit kayadeshir adachani mahag houu shakatat aanee pramanit suraksha upayayojana aanee manke naslyamule vyavasayalach dukhapat houu shakate. suraksha protocol hataltana keval vyavasayasathich navhe tarr sarvat mahattvache mhanje grahakala pratham pradhanya dile pahije.
2016 madhye cyber gunhyamule jhalelya aarthik dollarchya nukasanichi rakkam ektya americet 1.33 abj dollarspeksha jaast hotee. 2016 madhye, ektya californiamadhye aay. see. 3 laa 25.5 kotee dollarspeksha jaast rakkam nondavali gelee hotee. kahee cyber halle samasya sodavanyasathi kitee vel lagato yavar badaloo shakatat. ekhadya vyavasayavar sarasari dainandin hallah honyasathi 69 divasanparyantcha vel lagoo shakato. hallyanchya prakaranmadhye vishanu aanee malware samasyancha samavesh hoto. kamachya thikani karmchanyanchya kriyakalapanmule cyber hallah dekhil houu shakato. mobile upkarane kinwa durastha kamachya thikani kaam naan karata kaam karananya karmcharyanna cyber hallah hone sope hote.
vipanan.
jaree lahan vyavasayanche tyanchya vidyaman grahakanshi jawalche sambandh asale, taree naveen grahak shodhane aanee naveen bajarpethet pohochane heey lahan vyavasay malkansathi eka mothe aavhan aahe. lahan vyavasayanna samanyatah vipanan karnyasathi vel milat nahee, kaaran tyanna vyavasayache dainandin pailu chalvave lagatat. naveen vyavasayacha satat pravah nirman karnyasathi aanee naveen grahak aanee grahak shodhanyasathi, tyanni tyanchya vyavasayachya satat vipananavar kaam kele pahije. qamee vikri (kharab vipananacha parinam) heey lahan vyavasay apayashi honyachya pramukh karananpaiki eka aahe. chhotya vyavsayasathichya samanya vipanan tantranmadhye vyavasay networking samavesh aahe (udaa.jee.vanijya mandalachya karyakramanna kinwa vyapar melyanna upasthit rahane), vidyaman grahakankadun 'tondi' jahirat, grahak sandarbh, pivalya prushthanchya nirdeshika, durdarshan, redio aanee bahya jahirati (udaa.jee., rastyachya kadela lavalele jahirat falak), chhapil jahirati, email aanee internet vipanan. durchitravani jahirati khoop mahag asoo shakatat, tyamule tyaa samanyatah utpadan kinwa sevebaddal jagrukta nirman karnyachya uddeshane asatat. chhotya vyavasayanna jahirat karnyacha aanakhi eka marg mhanje groupen aanee leaving soshal sarkhya 'deal auph daad day' sanketsthalacha vapar karane. heey internet saude grahakanna chhotya vyavasayanna aashray denyasathi protsahit karatat.
anek lahan vyavasay malakanna internet vipanan adhik parvadanare vatate. googal adwards aanee yahu! shodh vipanan heey prerit web shodhkansamor lahan vyavsayik utpadane kinwa seva midvanyache done lokpriy paryay aahet. chhotya vyavasayansathi samajik madhyame dekhil vipananacha parvadanara marg bunley aahet. haah paramparik vipanan kharchacha eka ansh aahe aanee lahan vyavasay heey swatah karoo shakatat kinwa chhotya samajik vipanan sanstha shodhu shakatat jyanna teey chhotya shulkavar bhadyane gheu shakatat. sankhyikidrushtya, soshal media marketingcha lead-too-close darr paramparik madhyamanpeksha jaast aahe. yashasvi online laghu vyavasay vikrete tyanchya sanketsthalavaril majkuratil sarvat sambandhit mukhya shabd vaparnyat dekhil parangat aahet. sambhavya grahak varanvar bhet denanya vishisht sanketsthalanvaril jahirati dekhil prabhavi tharoo shakatat, parantu internetchya lamb shepatimule, prabhavi pohoch midvanyasathi puresha sanketsthalanvar jahirat karane velkhau asoo shakate.
navshikyansathi aata upalabdh asalelya swatah qaraa yaa anek karyakramanmule vyavasay sanketsthal tayar karane adhikadhik parvadanare jhaale aahe. internet aanee itar vahinyandvare vipanan kelyavar ekhade sanketsthal lahan vyavasayansathi mahattvapoorn vipanan pradarshan pradan karoo shakate. wordpress, jumala, squarespace aanee wicks yaa kahee lokpriy seva aahet. anek chhotya vyavasayansathi atirikt sampark sadhanyasathi samajik madhyame khoop upayukt asalyache siddha jhaale aahe. anek lahan vyavasay malak tyanchya nishthavan grahakanparyant pohochanyacha eka marg mhanoon facebook aanee tweetercha vapar karatat, jenekarun tyanna tyaa divasachya vishesh kinwa vishesh koopanambaddal batamya miloo shaktil, punha vyavasay suru houu shakel aanee naveen sambhavya grahakanparyant pohochu shaktil. samajik madhyamanche sambandhatmak swaroop, tasech tyanchi tatkalata aanee chovis tasanchi upasthiti, lahan vyavasayanna tyanchya grahakanshi asalelya sambandhanna jawalik dete, tarr tyanna adhik sankhyeshi sanvad sadhane adhik karyaksham banavate. facebook jahirati haah lahan vyavasay malkansathi agadi vishisht sandeshasah lakshyit prekshakanparyant pohochanyacha eka atishay kifayatshir marg aahe. samajik networking sanketsthalanvyatirikt, blogg haah lahan vyavasayansathi tyanchya grahakansathi mahattvachya asalelya samasyanvar tadnya mhanoon swatahla sthapit karnyacha eka atyant prabhavi marg banala aahe. heey malkichya blogdware aanee/kinwa back-link dhoran vaparoon kele jaau shakate jyamadhye vikrete itar blogver tippanya detat aanee chhotya vyavasayachya swatachya sanketsthalacha duva sodatat. companychya vyavasay kinwa seva kshetrabaddal blogver niyamitpane poost kelyane companychya sanketsthalavar web rahdari vadhu shakate.
vipanan yojana
arthvyavasthet yogdan.
americet, bigger-krishi, khajgi jee. dii. pii. chya nimmyahoon adhik aanee khajgi kshetratil sumare nimmya rojgarasathi lahan vyavasay (pachshepeksha qamee karmchari) karanibhoot aahet. chhotya vyavasayachya babatit, daha peksha qamee karmchari asalele, aanee daha kinwa tyapeksha qamee parantu vispeksha qamee karmchari asalele, heey dusare aanee vees kinwa tyapeksha jaast parantu shambharpeksha qamee karmchari asalele heey tisare (khaleel sandarbhanmadhun midalelya mahitiche antarveshan) mhanoon yetat. sarvat alikadil aakadevarivarun asey disun yete qee vispeksha qamee karmchari asalelya companyancha rojgaramadhye 18 takkyanpeksha thoda jaast vaataa aahe.
kautumbik vyavasay punaravalokna" nusar, yuu. ess. madhye andaje 17 dashalaksh ekal malki aahe. assa yuktivad keela jaau shakato qee ekal malki (ekach vyaktichya malkicha eka asanghatit vyavasay) haah kautumbik vyavasayacha eka prakar aahe aanee "americet bavis dashalaksh lahan vyavasay (pachshepeksha qamee karmchari) aahet aanee andaje 14,000 mothe vyavasay aahet". tasech, asey aadhalun aale aahe qee chhotya vyavasayanni samudayanmadhye sarvat naveen nokya nirman kelya, "1979 madhye, david barchane lahan kampanyanni (100 peksha qamee karmchari) sarvat naveen nokya nirman kelya yacha pahila anubhavjanya purava prakashit keela" aanee admistonne dawa keela qee "kadachit sarvat motha udhyojakta aanee lahan vyavasayatil swarasya nirman karnara assa vyapakpane manla jaanara vishvas aahe qee united statesmadhil lahan vyavasay sarvat naveen nokya nirman karatat. purave asey suchavatat qee lahan vyavasay kharokharach sarasari varshat nivval naveen nokyanpaiki mothya pramanat nirmiti karatat."yuu.ess. 2007 pasoon lahan vyavasayanni americet nivval naveen khajgi kshetratil done trutiyansh nokya nirman kelya aahet asey laghu vyavasay prashasanala aadhalale aahe. sthanik vyavasay ekmekanna spardha detat aanee corporate diggajanna aavhan dekhil detat. 1995 madhye, niyokta sansthanpaiki 78.8 takke sansthanmadhye dahapeksha qamee karmchari hote aanee 99.7 takke sansthanmadhye pachshepeksha qamee karmchari hote.
nidhiche srot.
chhote vyavasay prarambhik bhandavalachya upalabdh vividh strotancha vapar karatatah
kahee chhotya vyavasayanna credit card karjadware aanakhi vittapuravatha keela jaato-sahasa eka dhokadayak paryay, kaaran credit cardveril vyaj darr haah banketil kinwa banq karjachya karjavar dilelya karjachya darachya anek putt asato aanee atty anpekshitpane badaloo shakatat. alikadil sanshodhan asey suchavate qee samudayik bankandware chhotya vyavasay karjamadhye patt scoarcha vapar aashcharyakarakpane vyapak aahe. shivay, kampanya tasech malakanchi mahitee samavisht asalelya chhotya vyavasay credit skoarpeksha, vaparat asalele guna heey chhotya vyavasay malakanche grahak credit score asatat. anek malak tyanchya vyavasayachya navakhali banq karj magatat; tathapi, banka sahasa vyavasay malkachya vaiyaktik hamicha aagrah dharatat.
aktoobar 2010 madhye, alejandro smashanbhoomi aanee tanya prive yanni vittapurvathyacha paryayi srot mhanoon itihasatil lahan vyavasayansathi pahilya sambhag samooh nidhi manchachi sthapana kelee. munch rock daad poost yaa navane karya karato.
sarkari madat.
americetil anek sanstha chhotya vyavasay kshetrasathi dekhil madat karatat, jase qee antargat mahasool sevecha lahan vyavasay aanee swayam-rojgar vann-stop sansadhan. laghu vyavasay prashasana (ess. bii. aii.) anek karj karyakram chalavate jeey chhotya vyavasayala surakshit karj denyas madat karoo shakatat. yaa karyakramanmadhye, ess. bii. aii. jaaree karananya bankela karjachya eka bhagachi hummy dete aanee asha prakare, bankela chhotya vyavasayala karj denyachya kahee jokhamipasoon mukt karate. ess. bii. aii. madhye vyavasay malakanni vaiyaktik malmatta girvi thevane aanee karjasathi vaiyaktik hummy mhanoon swakshari karane dekhil aavashyak aahe. 8 (aaa) vyavasay vikas karyakram african american, hyspanic aanee ashiyai lokanchya malkichya aanee chalavalya jaananya chhotya vyavasayanchya vikasat madat karato.
canadache lahan vyavasay sangharajya anudanit karyakram aanee sevancha laabh gheu shakatat. canadatil chhotya vyavasayansathi federal financing (anudan aanee karj) pahaa.
united kingadammadhe, laghu vyavasay aayukt (ess. bii. see.) chhotya vyavasayansathi mahitee aanee sallah pradan karatat aanee vilambit bharana samasya aanee itar pratikool bharana paddhatinchya vishisht sandarbhat takrarinche nirakaran karatat. paksh vaad kassa sodavu shakatat yabaddal sallah denanya gair-bandhankarak shifarasi karane hii ess. bii. see. chee bhoomika aahe.
sarvajanik dhorananusar curr aakaranibabat chhotya vyavasayannahi protsahan dile jaate. udaharanarth, 1 janewari 2020 pasoon, armeniyane 24 dashalaksh emm. dii. chya karpatra nasalelya aadharasah eka vishesh sookshm-udhyojakta curr pranali suru kelee. tyanusar, sookshm vyavasayala aaykaravyatirikt itar karatoon suut dilee jaeel, jee prati karmchari 5,000 emm. dii. peksha jaast nasel.
vyavsayik jaale aanee samarthan gut.
lahan vyavasay anekada tyanchya karanansathi vakili karnyasathi kinwa mothya vyavasayanna fayda hoil asha aarthik patali gathanyasathi sanstha sthapan karnyasathi sameel hotat kinwa ekatra yetat, jase qee mothya pramanat swast aarogya vima kharedi karanyachi sandhee. yaa sansthanmadhye vanijya mandale aanee swatantra vyavsayik yutee, tasech rashtriy kinwa aantarrashtriy udyog-vishisht sansthansarkhya sthanik kinwa pradeshik gatancha samavesh hoto. asey gut anekada duheri hetu sadhya karatat, vipanan pradan karnyasathi aanee sambhavya vikri aaghadi aanee puravathadaranshi sadasyanna jodanyasathi vyavsayik jaale mhanoon aanee samarthan gut mhanoon, pradeshik kinwa rashtriy rajkaranat majboot aavaj denyasathi anek lahan vyavasayanna ekatra aanane. swatantra vyavsayik yutichya babatit, sarvajanik shikshan mohimandware sthanik malkichya, swatantra vyavasayachya (lahan nasave) moolyala protsahan dene haah tyanchya kamacha avibhajya bhag aahe.
grater clevelandmadhye sthit lahan udhyoganchi parishad haah united statesmadhil sarvat motha pradeshik lahan vyavasay gut aahe.
united kingdamcha vyapar aanee guntavanuk jagbharatil vividh bajarpethanmadhye sanshodhan karate aanee niryatdaranna karyakram niyojan aanee pracharatmak upkramanmadhye sanshodhan dete. naveen niryatdaranna tadnya sevanshi jodane hii bexa (british niryatdar sanghatana) chee bhoomika aahe. teey pradeshik niryat samparkambaddal tapasheel deu shakate, jyanna muddyanvar charcha karnyasathi anaupacharikpane kele jaau shakate. vyapar sanghatana aanee serve pramukh banka anekada paradeshi bajarpethanmadhil aantarrashtriy gatanna jodani detat aanee kahee sanyukt upkram aanee vyapar jatre ubharanyas madat karatat.
4-etch, kanishth kamgiri aanee scoutings anek yuva sanghatananche, praudhanchya dekharekhikhali tarunanna tyancha swatacha lahan vyavasay chalvinyat madat karnyasathi parasparsanvadi karyakram aanee prashikshan aahe.