
povoa daad varzimchi sanskruti

portugalmadhil povoa daad virzim hii eka vanshik-sanskrutik sanstha aahe jee tyachya kamgar vargatoon udbhavate aanee baltic samudrapasun bhoomadhyasagarachya sagari margavarun yenanya prabhavansah. tyachya samudayanpaiki sarvat karishmai, purvi prachand varchasva asalela, machchimar samuday aahe. danish fjordsshee tyache lakshaniy samya aahe aanee teey portugalchya sarvat junya bandaranpaiki eka aahe. povoa daad varzimmadhye vishisht sanskrutik vaishishtye aanee eka majboot sthanik olakh aahe.
abhivyakti "alah-ariba!"yacha arth" "varchya dishene jaa" "aanee teey samudrakinaryavar boat taktana rahivashanmadhil sahkaryache pratinidhitva karate aanee teey povoa dii virzimche bodhvakya mhanoon dekhil pahile jaate". dastaveji chitrapat "alah-ariba!"1940 chya dashakat, jose leitao dii barros yanni deshatil yaa adviteey portugij masemari samudayala lokpriy kele aanee salzar rajvatit serve portugijansathi eka rudhiprayog mhanoon povon sagari sanskraticha vapar keela gela. portugal, brazil aanee portugij bhashik aafriketil anek masemari samuday poven machchimaranchya prabhavakhali hote kinwa tyanni suruvat kelee hotee.
olakh aanee vanshikta.
vanshik gut.
povoa daad virzim hii eka vanshik-sanskrutik sanstha aahe. 20vya shatkachya suruvatiparyant, povoa dii virzimche samuday anek shatkansah antarvivah, ananyata aanee sthanik olakh vaishishtyandvare chinhankit kele gele hote.
antarvivah aanee jaatee vyavasthemule, povoa dii varzimchya machchimar samudayane vishisht vanshik vaishishtye thewali. 19 vya shatkatil vaidnyanik siddhantanchya pathimbyane povon machchimaranna asey vatale qee teey eka swatantra vansh aahet, jyala "raka poveira" (povon vansh) mhanatat. manavvanshashastriy aanee sanskrutik aakadevari kinarpattichya punarvasanachya kalat nordic machchimaranchya vasahatikaranas soochit karate. 19vya shatkapasoon, aajubajuchya lokanshi tulana kartana disana vanshik farkanmule loksankhyechya utpattivar vegvegale siddhant tayar jhaleh suebi, prussian, tuton, norman aanee agadi phoenician. daad race auph europe' (1939) yaa pustakat, adnyat utpattiche rund chehare aanee majboot gaal asalele povens heey sarasaripeksha thodese chamkanare manale gele hote. 19vya shatkatil vaidnyanik paddhaticha vapar karoon, 'oo povero' (1908) madhye prakashit jhalelya sanshodhanat, manavvanshashastradnya fonseca cardoso yanni asey manale qee manavvanshashastriy ghatak, sarvat lakshaniyapane aquillin naak, heey semitic-phoenician moolche hote. tyane asey manale qee povens heey finician, tuton aanee bahutek normanchya mishranacha parinam hote.
aij prayas dii portugal" (1876) yaa pustakat portugalchya samudrakinanvar lihilelya ramalho ortigaochya 'povoa' baddalchya lekhat asey mhatale aahe qee povoachi mukhya utsukata poven machchimaranchi hotee, jee portugij kinarpattivaril eka vishesh "sharyat" hotee; over aanee olhaochya vishisht bhoomadhya prakarapeksha purnapane vegali, poven heey "saxon" prakarche asatatah teey "gora kesanche, swachchh dolhe, rund khande, ethletic chhati, harkian paay aanee haat, goal aanee majboot chehare asatat."agadi alikade, auskar fanguirochya lakshat aale qee portugalne denmarkshee rajnaitik sambandh prasthapit kele tevha madhyayugachya uttaradhat nordic prabhav padala asava.
sanskrutik olakh.
sthanik lokpriy abhivyakti 'povirinhos pela graka dii duce' (devachya krupene lahan povens) aanee 'reno daa povoa' (povoache rajya) heey portugalcha raja lui pahila yachya sagari sahalipasoon tyanche mool shodhatat, jevha kinaadhyaajaval rajachya jahajane lancha poveira boat pahili. botichya karmchanyanche vegale swaroop pahoon rajala aashchary vatale aanee tyanni tyanna vicharale qee teey spanish aahet qaa, rajachya andajane povensna dhakka basala aanee jahajatil karmchanyanni sangitale qee teey spanish naheet. mug raja tyanna vicharato qee teey portugij aahet qaa, aanee povensony punha ekada uttar dile qee teey naheet, teey mhanale qee teey "devachya krupene (lahan) povens aahet". mug raja tyanna vicharato qee teey konatya rajyatoon aale aahet, tyanni uttar dile qee teey povoa rajyatoon aale aahet.
povon machchimaranni keval tyanchya machchimar jaaticha bhag asalelya lokanshi vivah keela aanee keval tyanchya samudayamadhye povoa dii virzim kinwa povoashi thet sambandhit lahan pracheen masemari gavanmadhye, mhanje santo andrey (sadhya agusadaura aanee ever-oo-marchya aadhunik nagri parishmadhye) aanee phao (esposendemadhye). 18 vya shatkapasoon, dakshinekadil povoa dii varzimchya shahari vistaramule, veela doow kondechya nagarpaliket poka daa barca aanee caxinache naveen masemari samuday tayar jhaale. tyamule, agadi nava-shasankalatahi, yaa bhaganchya vilinikaranala nyayya tharvanyasathi vanshiktecha vapar keela jaat asey. sadhya, footballmadhe chikati aanee dhairyache varnan karnyasathi 'raka poveira' hii abhivyakti pramukhyane vaparali jaate.
poven shetkari.
machchimaransaha galician shetkari dekhil hote, heey pracheen lock hote aanee minho pradeshatil vaishishtyapurn uttar portugij povoa sthit hote. massera" shetjameen aanee poven cart, "caroca poveira" yasarkhya paramparansah povoa dii varzimchya olakhitahi yamule yogdan midale. parantu donhi samuday, samaan jameen samayik karoonahi, ekmekanpasun vegale rahat hote, mukhytah machchimaranchya niyamanmule. sete seculose naa vida doses poviros' (povenschya jivanatil saat shatake) yaa granthache lekhak auskar fanguiro yanni matsyavyavasayik antarvivah siddhantacha virodh keela. tyachya abhyasat tyachya lakshat aale qee povoaamadhye agadi suruvatichya kalapasoon sthalantar hote aanee kahee shetkari machchimar samudayat ekatmik aahet.
pradeshik aanee paradeshi prabhav.
galiciahoon povoa dii virzimla honare sthalantar pracheen aahe. galician vanshatil ullekhaneey povon aahet. poven aadnav 'nova' heey galician 'novoa' pasoon aale aahe asey manale jaate. masemarichya vikasasah aanee alikadchya kalat, samudrakinaryavaril upcharpaddhatimule, povowala aanakhi sthalantar midale, itake qee shaharamadhye galicia, minho, trass-osa-montes aanee beera, prantanpasun pasarlele pradeshik bandh hote.
20 vya shatkat samudrakinaryavaril paryatanachya lokpriyatemule lakshaniy badal jhaale aanee uttar portugalmadhil anek lock, pramukhyane guimar aanee famlicao yetheel lock shaharat sthalantarit jhaale. 20vya shatkachya suruvatila aafriketil portugij sagari prantanmadhye kahee povon masemari vasahati sthapan karnyat aalya aanee 1970chya dashakachya uttaradhat yaa deshanchya swatantryasaha, povoa heey mukhya portugij shaharanpaiki eka banale jethe african portugij jaat hote, asha prakare yaa ghatanecha shaharat vishesh parinam jhaala. shatkachya akheris, purv europe, chean, brazil aanee angola yethoon sthalantar hott asalyache disun yete.
paramparik samaj.
rachana.
purvi loksankhya tyanchya dainandin jivanatil kriyakalapannusar vegvegalya "jatinmadhye" vibhagali jaat aseh 
asey samudayahi hote, jeey donhi jivanshailishi jodale geleh
niyamanusar, samuday vegale rahile aanee mukhytah kulgurunchya gatachya netrutvakhalil machchimaranchya aliptatemule vegvegalya samudayanmadhil mishra vivahanna manai hotee. 19vya shatkachya akheris aanee 20vya shatkachya suruvatila shahari vikas aanee sthalantaramule, hii jaatichi rachana aaj keval bhootkalatil eka bhag aahe.
moolye.
octavio filguirasachya lakshat aale qee "wiking aanee norman hallyanchya nirnayak kalanantar, uttarekadun yenanya galicia boaty aanee machchimaranmadhye teey disale" aanee "sarvat mahattvachya vaishishtyanpaiki eka mhanje yaa machchimar samudayanchi sanskrutik ekata jee pracheen jahaje vaparat hotee". kautumbik khunancha vapar haah tyaa sanskrutik aikyachya sarvat vishisht vaishishtyanpaiki eka asalyache filguirasachya lakshat aale. haah vapar povon aanee danish machchimaranmadhye jhaala, parantu dantzigchya bhagatil baltikmadhyehi jhaala. siglas poveras aanee wiking runik patranchi samanata tatkal sambandh darshavate.
paramparik 'casamento povero' (poven vivah), jyamadhye navavivahit jodpyala machchimaranchya jaalyane jhakale gele aanee vivahala bhagya midvoon denyasathi vinho verdene paanee dile gele, hii eka visarali geleli pratha banat aahe. povoachya paramparenusar (jee aajahi kayam aahe), kutumbacha varas sarvat lahan mulga asato (junya britney aanee denmarkpramane). lahan mulga varas asato kaaran tyachya aaee-vadilanche vay jhalyavar too tyanchi kalji gheil ashee apeksha hotee. tasech, urvarit deshanpramane, kutumbavar rajya karnari aanee netrutva karnari streech asate-hii matrusatta yaa vastusthitivarun udbhavate qee purush sahasa samudrat masemari karat asey. danish pradhyapak henningsar yanchya lakshat aale qee povon machchimaranchya sanskrutik jivanatil anek vaishishtye jutland fjordsmadhye aadhalanaya vaishishtyansarkhich hotee, jyapaiki eka, mahilanche shokchinh, khandyavar scurt thevun doke fekane, keval uttar denmark aanee povoa dii varzimmadhye aadhalale.
sant dagadfek karatat.
19vya shatkat, eka poven dharmik prathene prachand pramanat catholic deshala dhakka deela. 1868 chya eka niyatkalikatil lekhat mhatale aaheh "minho [pradesh] madhye byanch kalapasoon asey mhatale jaate qee, povoa dii virzimche machchimar itake andhavishvasi hote qee, jevha vadale yet asat aanee jevha striya tyanchya aavadatya sant kinwa santankade tyanchya patichya botinna samudratoon mukt karnyasathi vinavani karoo ichchit asat, tevha teey mhanat asat qee, eka kroor lock sarvat hasyaspad murtinsamor karoo shakat asalyasarkhe moorkh aanee atishay udhalpattiche ninda."
lekhakane mhatleh "yaa karanastav asey sangitale jaate qee lokanchya striya, atyant katheen paristhitit, sant josefchya prathanagruhat gelya aanee tethe tyanni tyanchyaprati asalelya asha bhaktimule santavar dagadfek kelee, asey mhantah" sant joseph, jaage vha! tumhi ess... sant majhya patichi, kinwa majha mulga, sant josephachi kalji ghya!"
aanee pudhe mhanaleh "jeey yogya aahe teey mhanje keval bairo dii esachya striyach naheet.jose jilha, pann bairro daa lapamadhil lock, prachand chintechya eka kshani, jevha santapt aanee ugra laata samudrakinanyavar pratyek latasah eka mrutdeh aanatat; tyaa kshananmadhye, garib striya tyanna tras denanya vedna prakat karatat aanee duh khee aardaorda aanee vednadayak prathna karoon valuchya maidanavar aanee samudrat jaatat."
pauranik katha.
sagari aakhyayika.
newfoundland fishing codmadhye pravas karananya machchimaranni povon machchimaranchya premat asalelya eskimo mahilanchya katha, jahajanche bhagnavshesh, seent johnschya bhetee aanee samudrachya madhyabhagi haravalelya boaty, ardhi kharee aanee ardhi aakhyayika sangitali. 1506 pasoon yaa bhagatil machchimar newfoundlandmadhye masemari karnyasathi olakhale jaatat.
varzimchya ledichi ("senhora dii virzim") aakhyayika, 13 vya shatkatil eka pratima jee payanchya thingisarkhya khalchya thurr asalelya khadkavar (junya shaharacha chauras), 11 vya shatkatil roman-gothik mandir, povoa dii varzimchya junya mukhya charchjaval chamatkarikpane disali, vishari sarpatananya pranyanni, visheshtah "grand cobra" kinwa "motha saap" neey vyapalela eka parisar.
peaks grande' kinwa 'bigg phisha' heey naav povensney eka vishal samudri pranila dile hote. ravivar aanee pavitra divashi machchimar samudrat jaat navhate kaaran eka corpus khristi utsavashi sambandhit katha hotee jyamule povoa dii varzimmadhye asankhya abhyagat aale hote. anek sambhavya grahak pahoon, machchimar samudrat kamavar gele aanee tyanchya botimadhye sarvottam maase bharale. anandi machchimar povola parat gele. darmyan, tyanna 'peaks grand' tyanchya mage lagtana disala. mester' (boticha kaptan) yala daivi shiksha mhanoon pahat hota aanee machchimaranni tyaa pranyapasoon swatache rakshan karnyasathi tyanche maase panyat fekale. rikamya botivar basoon tyanni valuche chumban ghetale aanee pavitra divashi poven machchimar kadhihi samudrat gele naheet.
shaharatil alaukik prani.
cape santo andrey (seent andrew cape) heey thikan romankaranache purave aanee sambhavya purviche mahatva darshavate, shastriy lattinmadhye 'promontorium awaras' mhanoon aanee pracheen greekmadhye 'auvron akron' (αιαρον άκρον) mhanoon olakhale jaat hote, jeey celtic moolche naav aahe. povoaamadhye haah pracheen panth aahe aanee novemberchya shevatchya sandhyakali machchimaranche gut, hatat dive dharoon, kepchya prathanagruhachi tirthayatra kartana pahane samanya hote. tyancha assa vishvas hota qee sant andrewne budalelya lokanche pran kholvar pakadale. jyanni aayushyat santo andrela bhet dilee nahee, tyanna tirthayatra mrutdeh mhanoon karavi lagel.
kepjaval eka khadak aahe jyachya khalee khalee khalee khalee khalee khalee khalee khalee khalee khalee khalee khalee khalee khalee khalee khalee khalee khalee khalee khalee khalee khalee khalee khalee khalee khalee khalee khalee khalee khalee khalee khalee khalee khalee khalee khalee khalee khalee khalee khalee khalee khalee khalee khalee khalee khalee khalee khalee khalee khalee khalee khalee khalee khalee khalee khalee khalee khalee khalee khalee khalee khalee khalee khalee khalee khalee khalee khalee khalee khalee khalee khalee khalee khalee khalee khalee khalee khalee khalee khalee khalee khalee khalee khalee khalee khalee khalee khalee khalee khalee khalee khalee khalee khalee khalee khalee khalee khalee khalee khalee khalee khalee khalee khalee khalee khalee khalee khalee khalee khalee khalee khalee khalee khalee khalee khalee khalee khalee khalee khalee khalee khalee khalee khalee khalee khalee khalee khalee khalee khalee khalee khalee khalee khalee khalee khalee khalee khalee khalee khalee khalee khalee khalee khalee khalee khalee khalee khalee khalee khalee khalee khalee khalee khalee khalee khalee khalee khalee khalee khalee khalee khalee khalee khalee khalee khalee khalee khalee khalee khalee khalee khalee khalee khalee khalee khalee khalee khalee khalee khalee khalee khalee khalee khalee khalee khalee khalee khalee khalee khalee khalee khalee khalee khalee khalee khalee khalee khalee khalee khalee khalee khalee khalee khalee khalee khalee khalee khalee khalee khalee khalee khalee khalee khalee khalee khalee khalee khalee khalee khalee khalee khalee khalee khalee khalee khalee khalee khalee khalee khalee khalee khalee khalee khalee khalee khalee khalee khalee khalee khalee khalee khalee khalee khalee khalee khalee khalee khalee 1892chya mothya jahaj durghatanet, kepjaval anek mrutdeh sapadale heey dnyat aahe. pracheen kalapasoon kvachitach vastee asoonahi, seent andreau chappel 16 vya shatkat bandhale gele hote aanee heey budalelya machchimaranche dafansthal aahe. machchimaranni changlya matsyavyavasayasathi santankadun hastakshep karanyachi vinanti kelee. lagn karoo ichchinanya avivahit mulinni prathanagruhachya chhatavar eka chhotasa dagad fekala. jarr dagad chhatavar thewala tarr teey lavkarach lagn kartil.
sarvat samanya katha mhanje poven diane ('bruxa') shhee sambandhit, kahee white hotya, jyanna 'bruxas doow diabo' (deville diane) asey naav denyat aale hote aanee itar tyanchya sthitisathi jababdar navhate. jadutona lokanmadhye, visheshtah ramalahao aanee nortechya rastyanvar rahat asat, heey sthanikikaran mukhytah machchimaranchya nivassthanatil shatrutvamule hote. jadutonyachya patila tyachi patni jadutona aahe heey maheet nasane shakya hote.
jadugaranche ('fado daas bruxas') nasheeb asey hote qee, ratriparyant teey tyanchi ghare sodoon rastyavarun saitanachya mage lagale. jadugaranni rastyanvarun jaaun rahivashanchya vastunche nuksan kele, botiche patre uchalale, shetkanyanche dabe ughadale aanee itar prakarchya yatna dilya. sanselimao sigla yaa pentagramcha jadui aanee sanrakshit vapar jadugaranshi sambandhit aahe. sigla poverachya vaparachi anek uddishte hotee, jase qee jadutonyala tichya nashibapasun vachavoon sanrakshn dene. teela vachavanyasathi, hatat eka steelcha sancelimao dharava, rastyavar jaminivar aanakhi eka sancelimao odhava, jithe ratri, saitan tyachya mage jadugaransah rastyavarun jaanyachi vaat pahat asel. ekachi patni asalelya jadugarane ticha haat tichya patine jaminivar kadhalelya sancelimaochya aateel bhagat odhanyasathi vadhavala. itar jadutona tyaa mansala shaap dett, shapath ghet aanee shittya marat.
bezero maldito" kinwa "dusht vasar" haah eka dusht bail kinwa vasar hota joou povoachya rastyanvarun chaalat asey aanee tyanchya gharantil lock rastyavarun chaalat asatana tyachya pavalancha aavaj aikayache. povoaamadhye gure navhate, tee fakt aaspaschya gavanmadhye astitvat hotee. tia destera, eka ullekhaneey sthanik kathakar, lahanpani nehmich yaa katha aikayacha, unhalyachya vadali sandhyakali tyala yaa dusht vasarala disalyacha dawa karayacha. tee mhanali qee too kaala aanee pandhara aahe aanee jevha vasar tithun jaat asey tevha itka vaara hota qee too valala.
"shaharachya madhyabhagasathicha prarambhik jalsrotacha strot asalela 'fonte daa beeka' karanja heey eka asey thikan hote, jithe lokanna asey vatale hote qee shukravari ratri paurnimesah saitan prakat jhaala. ektya mulinna lagn karnyas madat karnyasathi dekhil heey olakhale jaat hote. shaharachya uttares, maura encontada karanja kinwa castro karanja haah eka purv-roman karanja aahe joou "maura", eka celtic jaal devata, jadutona aanee eka soneri bailgadishi sambandhit aahe. junya shaharajaval ashach prakarcha maura karanja astitvat hota.
rahasyamay dagad.
pragaitihasik kalapasoon povoa dii varzimchya aaspasche anek granitic dagad murtipujak shraddhanchya adheen hote. dagadavar vadhastambh basavane heey murtipujak panthanche khristikaran pratibimbit karoo shakate. varzimchi mahila aanee sant andreau yaa doghanchya aakhyayika koralelya khadkanshi sambandhit aahet. bhavishyakathan, antyasanskar kinwa prajnan vidhee yanchyashi sambandhit itar dagad dnyat aahet. 1518 chya varnananusar, terroso, amorim, navais aanee estela yaa parishmadhil chauras margavar, anjir-vruksh dagad ('pedra figuira') hota jithe dusht aatma rahat hote; tyaa thikani narkatil anjir-vrukshane chinhankit kele hote. hii shraddha aajahi kayam aahe. "penedos doses guizos" (khadkal khadake) aanee "penedo daa kachadinha" heey bhavishyasuchak khadak hote jithe lock sallah aikanyasathi jayache.
uchchar.
faller povero" (povan bhashan), "sotek povero" (povan uchchar) kinwa fakt "povero" mhanoon olakhala jaanara povon uchchar, jyala kadhikadhi chukun "caxinero" mhanatat, haah portugij bolicha eka up-boolii kinwa prakar aahe, jyala bhashashastradnya "interamnico" mhanoon olakhatat aanee, lokpriyapane, "nortenho" kinwa uttar portugij mhanoon olakhatat, jee portugij bhashechi sarvat junie boolii aahe aanee tee vianna doow castelopasoon portoparyant aanee antardeshiy, tee bragaparyant pohochate. haah pradesh portugij bhasheche janmasthan aahe. porto-povoa aanee braga-vianna ashee done upbhasha aaheth yaa pratyek upbhasha pudhe porto, povoa, braga aanee vianna yaa prakarat vibhagalya aahet. povoa eka hii braga aanee portochya bhashananmadhil sankramankalin boolii aahe.
itar uttar portugij uchcharanmadhye aadhalanari asankhya vaishishtye samayik karoonahi, povon uchcharamadhye vishisht vaishishtye aahet aanee madhya portugalmadhil beera pradeshatil prabhav samavisht aahet, jeey itar uttar portugij uchcharanmadhye aadhalat naheet, jase qee sambandhit bhashanatil uchcharat osa olhossmadhye aahe, jeey [ozoloch] aivaji [ozoloch] mhanoon bolale jaate. machchimar samudayat prachalit asalelya yaa uchcharanche eka vaishishtya mhanje khulya swarancha vyapak vapar, jyamadhye manak portugij bund kinwa anunasik swar vapartatah teey 'batata' ([bɐtatɐ] aivaji [batatœ]) madhye, 'batata' mhanoon samapt honanya shabdanmadhye aadhalate; bahuvachan swarupat, 'batata', teey [buttashinh] kinwa [buttashinh] mhanoon uchcharale jaate. "amanha" (udya) haah uchchar [ɐ̃mɐinɐ̃] aivaji [amœ̃a] assa keela jaato. sadhya, shahari loksankhya anekada [aamulta] mhanoon uchcharate. "aeo" samapti nehmi kaao ([qaa] madhye [aaa.] mhanoon uchcharali jaate jee itar uttar portugij uchcharanmadhye [keey. oo. aine] mhanoon aanee manak portugijmadhye [keey. aii. yuu] mhanoon uchcharali jaau shakate.
galicianpramanech, 'chaa' chaa uchchar [chaa] aivaji [chaa] assa keela jaato. "physeste" (tumhi kele) heey [feasetchonchan] mhanoon uchcharale jaau shakate, jaree [feasetchonchan] kinwa aaj barech samanya aahe aanee "falou-leey" ([fɐlolɑ]), too tyachyashi/tichyashi bolala, tyala "falou-leey" ([faloulni]) mhanoon uchcharale jaate, teech paristhiti itar kriyapadanmadhyehi udbhavate. "yu phui" (aay goo) laa "yu foi" mhanoon uchcharale jaau shakate; "" aantadi "" (aatade) laa "" indestino "" mhanoon uchcharale jaau shakate aanee "" ulatee "" (ulatya karnyasathi) laa "" gomiter "" mhanoon uchcharale jaau shakate ".
povon shabdasangrahat 'pardle' aivaji 'tarote' (chimani); 'deskaskar' aivaji 'estonar' (solanyasathi); 'rapiga' aivaji 'chopa' kinwa 'choo' (mulgi); 'daas' kinwa 'melga' aivaji 'trumpetero' kinwa 'tropetero' (daas); 'galho' aivaji 'gano' (shakha), 'bauka' chaa sandarbh zaadi asalelya jangalasathi deela jaato. ratrichya jevanala kinwa duparchya jevanala anekada 'oo comer' asey sambodhale jaate aanee 'prezigo' mhanje jevanatil maans kinwa maase; 'primaco' (chulat bhavache vyutpann) bahutekda tyach paristhitit vaparale jaate jyaa paristhitit 'emigo' (mitra) itar bolibhashanmadhye vaparla jaato.
paramparik lekhan pranali.
siglas poveira haah 'proto-lekhan pranali' chaa eka prakar aahe; heey eka prathamik drushya sampreshan pranali mhanoon vaparale jaat hote aanee teey scandinaviahoon 'bomarken' mhanoon olakhali jaanari lekhan pranali aanananya wiking vasahatinpasun vyutpann jhalyache manale jaate. vastunvar swakshari karnyasathi siglancha vapar swakshari mhanoon keela jaato.
lagn, bhetee kinwa karje lakshat thevanyasathi dekhil sigla vaparale jaat asat. asha prakare heey pramukhyane mothya pramanavar vaparale jaat hote kaaran anek rahivashanna lattin varnamala kashee vaparayachi heey mahit navhate, tyamule yaa "runes" chaa mothya pramanat vapar keela jaat asey. vyapanyanni tyanchya patt pustakanmadhye yacha vapar keela aanee aaj aapan lattin varnamalet lihileli nave vachato aanee olakhato mhanoon tyaa vachalya aanee olakhalya jaat hotya. jaree teey khoopach qamee samanya asale taree, kahee kutumbandware ajunahi vaparale jaatat.
moolbhut chinhe hii chinhanchi eka atishay maryadit sankhya hotee jyatoon bahutek sigale prapt hotat. yamadhye 'aarpao', 'colhorda', 'lanchinha', 'pick' (chaar cross pikanni banalelya 'grade' saha) yancha samavesh hota aanee yapaiki anek chinhe uttar europemadhye aadhalanaya chinhansarkhich hotee aanee botinvar rangavatana samanyatah jaadoo-dharmik arth asat.
mulanna 'pick' yaa jodyansah samaan kautumbik chinh denyat aale hote. asha prakare, mothya mulala eka piku asel, dusya mulala done asateel, aanee asech pudhehi. sarvat lahan mulala tyachya vadilansarkhech chinh varshane midalele, konatehi piku nasate.
qalaa aanee hastakala.
vishisht hastkalemadhye biriz parishchya "tapets dii biriz" (biriz galiche) yancha samavesh hoto. yaa rashtriy aanee aantarrashtriy staravar manyataprapt aanee magani asalelya vishisht galiche aahet. tapets dii beiriz dutch rajwada aanee portugij sarvajanik imarati sajavatat. itar hastakala dekhil aaheth povoache "rendas dii bilros", "mantas dii terroso" (terrosoche kambale) aanee "poviros" naukanchi laghuchitre.
poven nauka.
poven boat' hii boatinchi eka vishisht shaili aahe, jee rund sapat-talashi aanee khol shirastranane darshavili jaate. vegvegalya aakar, upayog aanee aakar asalelya vividh prakarchya boaty hotya. yaat 'catria pekwena', 'catria grande', 'kaiko' aanee tyapaiki sarvat ullekhaneey 'lancha povira' yancha samavesh aahe.
lancha heey khol panyashi julavun ghetalele aanee hack-masemarisathi vaparale jaanare eka mothe jahaj hote. jyapaiki sarvat mothya patangache baaraa padare hote aanee tee 30 manse vahoon neuu shakat hotee. pratyek botivar koreev kaam hote, mhanje boatinchi vaiyaktik olakh aanee samudrat jadui-dharmik sanrakshanasathi sigla povira chinh. lancha poveira haah lixa filguiras aanee raul brando yanni lamb botichi serve vaishishtye rakhoon, pann lamb kaath aanee dhanushya naan thevata, viking lamb botincha vanshaj manla hota. tathapi, adhik changlya yuktivadasathi jahajala vilambit naukanayan asate.
sahitya.
19vya shatkapasoon portugij bhashetil anek sambandhit lekhak povoa dii varzimshi sambandhit aahet. "sadhya samudrakinanyavaril granthalay asalele "dyna baar" heey 20vya shatkachya suruvatila lekhakanchya paramparik baithakiche thikan hote aanee yach thikani jose regione aapala mokala vel lekhan kele. almeida garrett, camillo castello branco, antonio nobre, augustina besa-louis, dii. heey shaharashi jawalun sambandhit asalele itar prasiddha lekhak aahet. antonio daa costa, ramalho aurtigao, joao penha, olivira martins, antero dii figueredo, raul brandao, texira dii pascoage, alekzandar pinhiro torres. tarisuddha, portugij bhashetil pramukh lekhakanpaiki eka asalelya ekka dii quirozeche janmasthan mhanoon heey shahar anekada lakshat thewale jaate.
aadhunik kalat, yaa shaharane 'corrents dii escritas' yaa sahityik mahotsavasah aantarrashtriy staravar mahatva midavale, jithe portugij aanee spanish bhashik jagatil lekhak vividh sadarikarananmadhye aanee sarvotkrusht naveen prakashanasathi varshik puraskarat ekatra yetat.
anek lekhakanshi sambandh asoonahi, sahityik kamansathi eka munch mhanoon povoa durmil aahe. yala apavad mhanoon, luce sepulveda yanchya 'daad most stories auph daad griim brothers' (spanish bhashet, 'losses pears quentos dii losses hermanos griim') aanee antonio nobre, jeey poven machchimaranna samudrat pahat asat, tyanchyabarobar pravas karat asat aanee tyanchyabaddal aanee tyanchya jivanshailibaddal kavita lihit asat.
sangeet.
josue trocado (1882-1962) haah eka ullekhaneey sangitkar hota, jyane 'orphean povones' (povon coral society) aayojit kele, joou eka sangitkar mhanoon tyachya sarjanshilatesathi sampoorn portugalmadhye ullekhaneey hota, tyachya coral societyla prasarmadhyamanni portugalmadhil sarvat mahan manale hote. trocado yanni 'vindima', 'cantata' hii natake lihili, itar lekhakanchya kamanche rupantar kele aanee 1916 madhye teey povoa rashtragit ('hino daa povoa dii virzim') chey lekhak hote.
daad congento tipiko alah-ariba (1966-1981) haah povon sankalpananvar aadharit lokpriy ganee asalela aanee povon paramparik utsavache kapade paridhan karnara eka sangeet gut hota, jyat sahaa vyavsayik nondi aanee uttar aanee dakshin portugalmadhil anek sadarikarane hotee. antonio doss santos graka yaa paramparik kapadyanchya sanvardhanasathi jababdar hota aanee 1936 madhye "rancho folchlorico povero" chee sthapana karoon povon machchimar loksangeet aanee nrutyanchya sanvardhanasathi dekhil jababdar hota.
fashion.
paramparik kapade.
chemisolas poveras" haah povoa dii varzimchya machchimarancha paramparik poshakh asalelya brankwetacha eka bhag aahe. camisola heey sthanik pullover aahet jeey utsav aanee sajavatichya uddeshane banavale jaatat, suruvatila machchimar tyanche thandipasoon sanrakshn karnyasathi vapartat. yamadhye matsyavyavasayasathiche swaroop aanee siglas poveira aahet, jee nordic runsashi sambandhit rekhachitre aahet. pulloversna fakt teen rung aaheth pandhara, kaala aanee laal, sigla madhye bharatkam kelele naav aanee alikadil udaharananmadhye lattin varnamalamadhye dekhil naav aahe. 1892 paryant pullover haah eka sthanik poshakh hota, jevha samudrachya durdaivane samudayane too ghalane bund kele. 1970 chya dashakachya akheris too punha ekada lokpriy jhaala. monakochi rajkumari grace kelee hiney camisola povira ghetali aanee tyacha vapar karoon eka prasiddha kautumbik chhayachitra kadhale.aaj ekikade tyache aadhunikikaran karnyasathi kahee prayatna hott aahet tarr dusarikade dirghkalapasun suru asalelya paddhatinche jatan karnyasathi prayatna hott aahet.
tricana poveira.
tricana poveira yaa samanya mulee hotya jyaa rangiberangi veshbhusha vaparat asat. mulinni shaal, angathi, angathya, rumal aanee unch tachanchya chamakdar chappal paridhan kelya hotya. teey poven saundarya pratima asalyache mhatale jaat hote. tyanchya vilakshan chalanyachya margamule aanee poshakh shailimule tyaa samanya lokanchya rajgharanyachya paddhati asalelya mulee hotya.
anekada, trikana yaa 'jamini' chya mulee asayachya, jyaa sahasa jwari banvina, sutar aanee itar anek hastakalechya mulee aanee paygholisathi kaam karayachya. tyanni tyanchya swatachya poshakh shailinusar tyanche dnyan julavun ghetale. bairo daa matries quarter tyachya aakarshak aanee aakarshak trikanyansathi prasiddha hote. machchimaranchya nivassthanatil mulee, shivankam kinwa bobbin feeta yaa kamanmadhye kaam karat hotya, tyaa dekhil trikana hotya.
machchimar mahilankade tricana mulinsarkhech paramparik poshakh hote, parantu lamb scurt, qamee darjache sahitya, gadad rung aanee tricana povirachya vaishishtyapurn chalanyachya shailichi bhavyata nasalele, teey adhik garib disat hote. tricana shailiche shikhar 1920 aanee 1960 chya darmyan aale, jyamule samudayanmadhye aanee shaharala bhet denanya bahereel lokanmadhye motha prabhav padala.
1970 chya dashakat paridhan karnyasathi tayar kapade disanyaparyant madhyamvargiy kishoravayin mulanmadhye tricana veshbhusha hii fashion hotee. aajkal, tricana mulee keval shahari lokkatha gatanmadhye, miravnukit disatat aanee aajahi, 28 aanee 29 juuna roji shaharachya utsavacha bhag asalelya "rusagas dii saao pedro" (sant pieter miravnukit) darmyan, keval eka majboot parampara mhanoon palalya jaatat.
vastukala.
machchimar jilhyatil sthanik vastukaleche varnan raul brando yanni 'eskimo udhar' asey kele hote, yapaiki bahutek sadhee ghare atishay khalchya imarati hotya aanee bahutek haravali hotee, tarr kahee aadhunik kalaparyant astitvat hotee, kahee avashesh mhanoon. tyateel eka itake changle jatan kelele aahe qee, aatalya bhagasah, teey sangrahalay bananyacha hetu aahe. nagri kendrat, praka velha chaukajavalil june aanee praka doo almadachya aaspasche naveen, burjuva vargane samruddha vastukalesaha ghare bandhali. 19vya shatkapasoon, machchimar samuday aanee burjuva varg yaa doghannihi lokpriy vastukalemadhye agrabhag sajavanyasathi azulejo farshancha vapar karnyas suruvat kelee. burjuva gharanmadhye eka chaukati hotee, tarr urvaritanni eka gachchi pasant kelee jee machchimar kutumbachya garjansathi upayukt tharoo shakel.
sann.
povoa daad varzimmadhil lock darvarshi vividh suttya aanee sann sajare karatat. mukhya utsav mhanje povoa daad virzim sutty, jee machchimaranche sant sant seent pieter yanna samarpit aahe. shejari sajavale jaatat; aanee, 28 teey 29 junachya ratri, lock sajra karatat aanee shejari "rusagas" utsav aanee sant pietersathi sinhasanachi nirmiti karnyasathi spardha karatat. utsavanchya velee, lock football samarthkansarkhe vagatat aanee jevha chahate tyanchya pasantichya bhagache rakshan karatat tevha gondhal hoto. united states aanee tyapalikade sthalantarit jhaleli kutumbe, yaa utsavat upasthit asalelya utsahachya aanee samudayachya netradipak bhavanancha anand ghenyasathi, varanvar povola parat yetat. easter somwar kinwa anjo utsav haah dusra 'nagarpalika sutty' manla jaato, joou purvi 'festa daa herah' (ivy utsav) mhanoon olakhalya jaananya murtipujak utsavacha avashesh aahe, jyamadhye jangalat anek kautumbik sahali aayojit kelya jaatat.
15 august roji, portugalmadhil asha prakarchya sarvat mothya utsavanpaiki eka, yaa dharanacha utsav asato, miravnukiche shikhar bandarasamor asate, jithe kaljipurvak vyavastha kelelya naukanmadhun fatake fodale jaatat. septemberchya shevatchya pandharvadyat, senhora daas dorres utsavadarmyan, senhora daas dorres charchchya aaspas shatkanushatke juna senhora daas dorres matichya bhandyancha mela asato.
saao felix tekadi haah samudratil machchimaransathi eka sandarbh bindu aahe. meey mahinyachya shevatchya ravivari, 'nosa senhora daa saude' (aamchi aarogyadayi mahila) tirthayatra saao felixchya payathyashi asalele matries church aanee nosa senhora daa saude mandir yanchyatil antar vyapate. cape santo andreymadhye eka khadkal rachana aahe, jyala sant khadak mhanatat, jyachi eka khoon aahe, jee povon machchimaranna sant andreau ("santo andre") chee padchinhe manali jaate. teey ajunahi manatat qee haah sant 'aatmyancha navik' aahe aanee jahaj kosalalyanantar samudrat budalelyanchya aatmyanna too mukt karato, tyanna samudrachya kholitoon pakadato. novemberchya shevatchya divasachya pahate seent andrewcha utsav sajra keela jaato, jevha purush aanee mahilanche gut, kaale hood ghaloon aanee dive dharoon, samudrakinanyatun prathanagruhat jaatat.
pakakala.
minho aanee masemarichya pakkalechya mishranamule sthanik pakakala tayar hote. sthanik pakakrutinche sarvat paramparik ghatak mhanje sthanik patalivar ugavalelya bhajya, jase qee collard greens, cobies, salgam broccolly, batate, kande, tomato aanee vividh prakarche maase. paramparik padarth tayar karnyasathi vaparale jaanare maase done prakarat vibhagale jaatat, 'kharab' maase (sardin, reey, mackeral, mundicha soul aanee itar) aanee 'shrimant' maase (jase qee snook, white aanee alphonsino).
sarvat prasiddha sthanik padarth mhanje "pescada aii povira" (povira viting), jyache mukhya ghatak aahet, tyaa padarthala naav denanya mashansah, batate, undy aanee ukadalele kande aanee tomato saus ("molho vostido"); haah padarth samanya paddhatine kinwa chutney sadar karnyapurvi, kanda aanee chakoone ghatak halakya pramanat chirun misaloon khalla jaau shakato. yaa padarthat anekada koladyachya hiravya bhajya kinwa salgam brokolicha dekhil samavesh asato, jee chiraleli nasatat. itar matsyavyavasayatil padarthanmadhye 'aroz dii sardinha' (sardin tandul), 'caldeirada dii peaks' (phisha caldeirada), 'lulas reckheadas aii povero' (povero stuffed squid), 'aroz dii marisco' (seafood tandul) aanee 'lagosta suda' (vafyukt lobster) yancha samavesh hoto. shimplay, limpet, kokal aanee rock gogalgay heey kavchamadhye shijavale jaatat aanee nashtyachya rupat dile jaatat. iscas, pataniska aanee bollinhaus dii bakalahau heey ukadalele codd snacks aahet aanee lokpriy dekhil aahet.
samanya suup mhanje suup (caldos), jyapaiki eka mhanje caldo dii castanhas piladas (pavanded chestnut suup); seent pieter desarkhya vishesh prasangi rashtravyapi caldo verde (green suup) deela jaato.
itar padarthanmadhye pandhya shengdanyanpasun banavalele 'fejoda poveira', 'chaurika' aanee itar maans aanee koradya bhatasah ('aroz seko') serve kele jaate; aanee lamb bhakaritoon banavalelya francesinha poveira, jeey 1962 madhye suttitil lokansathi phasta food mhanoon pahilyanda disale.
sthanik mithaimadhye 'barquinhoss' (cockle-boats), 'sardinhas' (sardin), 'amore povero' (kinwa 'povirinhos') aanee 'beijinhaus' (lahan chumban) yancha samavesh hoto.
khel aanee khel.
"jogo daa pail" haah eka poven handball khel aahe, joou jeyu dii pomm aanee tennishi sambandhit aahe, joou purush aanee mahilanchya samaan sankhyechya done gatandware baher khelala jaato. mahilanpasoon suruvat karoon, kheladunchi nivad karananya pratyek gatachya netyadvare sangh tayar kele jaatat. jeey khel khelayala suruvat karatat, teey shevatche nivadle jaatat. yaa khelat chendu ('pail'), 'cachola' (mhanje pelane marayacha), eka varcha sangh (cachola jawal sthit aanee chendu fekane) aanee eka khalicha sangh (chendu pakadanyacha aanee cachola marnyacha prayatna) yancha samavesh hoto. samna gunanna 'ponto doo ell' (ell guna) mhanatat. khelacha sambandhit bhag mhanje aardaorda karane, kahee kheladunche khelapasoon laksh vichalit karnyasathi vaparale jaatat.