hans eyesler

hans eyesler (6 julai 1898-6 september 1962) haah german-austriyan sangitkar hota. purv germanyche rashtragit rachanyasathi, bertolt brectshee asalelya tyanchya pradirgh kalatmak sambandhasathi aanee chitrapatansathi tyanni lihilelya sangitasathi teey prasiddha aahet. hoxtulay phara music hans eyesler berlin heey naav tyachya navavarun thevanyat aale aahe.
kautumbik parshvabhoomi.
johannes eyeslercha janm saxonymadhil leapzig yethe jhaala, too rudolph eyesler, tatvadnyanache pradhyapak aanee merrie ida fisher yancha mulga hota. tyache vadil jyoo vanshache nastik hote aanee tyachi aaee lutheran hotee. 1901 madhye heey kutumb vienna yethe sthalantarit jhaale. tyacha bhau gerhart haah samyavadi patrakar hota aanee tyachi baheen elfriede 1920 chya dashakachya madhyat germanychya samyavadi pakshacha neta hota. uttar americet sthalantar kelyanantar, tee eka stalinvadvirodhi bunley, tine tichya purvichya rajkiy sanlagnateviruddha pustake lihili aanee agadi haus unn-american kriyakalap samitisamor tichya bhavanviruddha saksh dilee.
vayachya 14 vya varshi eyesler eka samajvadi yuva gatat sameel jhaala.
suruvatichi varshe aanee bertolt brecht.
mahayuddhachya kalat, hans eyeslerne austro-hungarian sainyat aaghadicha sainik mhanoon kaam kele aanee ladhait too anek vela jakhami jhaala. austriyachya parabhavanantar viennala paratalyanantar tyanni 1919 teey 1923 paryant arnold sconeberg yanchya margdarshanakhali shikshan ghetale. baaraa-swar kinwa anukramik tantrat rachana karnare eyesler heey sconebergchya shishyanpaiki pahile hote. 1920 madhye tyanni charlot demontshee vivah keela; 1934 madhye teey vegale jhaale. 1925 madhye teey berlinla gele-nantar sangeet, rangbhumi, chitrapat, qalaa aanee rajkaranatil prayoganche ghar. tithe too germanychya communist pakshacha sakriy samarthak banala aanee november gatat sameel jhaala. 1928 madhye, tyanni berlinmadhil marksvadi kamgar shalet adhyapan kele aanee tyancha mulga george eyesler, joou motha houn eka mahattvacha chitrakar honar hota, tyacha janm jhaala. tyanche sangeet adhikadhik rajkiy sankalpanankade kendrit hott gele aanee jazz aanee cabarey yanchya prabhavamule shailit adhik lokpriy houn teey sconebergchya nirashela karanibhoot tharale. tyach velee, too bertolt breaktchya jawal gela, jyache swatache marksvadakade valane tyach velee ghadale. donhi kalakaranmadhil sahkarya breaktche urvarit ayushya tikale.
1929 madhye, eyeslerne 'zitungsotionite' yaa ganyachya chakrala opchi rachana kelee. 11. heey kaam margot heinenberg-lefeberla samarpit aahe. baaraa swaranchya tantrat lihile gele nasale taree, kadachit nantar 'batmyanchya vastoo' mhanoon olakhalya samore sangeet qalaa shailicha too agradoot hota (kinwa kadachit 'batmyanchya tukadya' mhanoon adhik changle vaishishtyikrut)-sangeet rachana jyaa vartmanpatrachya samagrichi aanee shailichi vidambana karatat kinwa jyat vartamanpatre, patrake, masike kinwa tyaa kalatil itar likhit madhyamanmadhun thet uchalalele geet samavisht hote. yaa cyclemadhye vartmanpatrachi mandani aanee aashay yancha upahas keela jaato, jyat tyateel ganyanna mathalyansarkhich shirshake dilee jaatat. pahilya mahayuddhanantarchya adchaninna samore samore samanya german lokanchya sangharshanche smaran smaran gitansah, tyacha aashay eyeslercha samajvadi cull pratibimbit karato.
eyeslerne 'daad diseason (dye masnahem)' (1930), 'daad mudder' (1932) aanee 'schwake inn daad sekand world warr' (1957) yasah anek brecht natkansathi sangeet lihile. tyanni nishedh gitanvarhi sahkarya kele, jyanni 1930 chya dashakachya suruvatila germanychya weimerchya rajkiy ashantatecha utsav sajra keela aanee tyat yogdan dile. tyanche 'ekata geet' heey sampoorn europemadhye rastyavaril nidarshananmadhye aanee sarvajanik sabhanmadhye gayale jaanare eka lokpriy dahashatvadi geet banale aanee tyanche 'parichhed 218 chey' gaane heey garbhpataviruddhachya kayadyancha nishedh karnare jagatil pahile gaane hote. yaa kalatil brecht-eyesler ganee jivanakade 'khaloon' pahanyacha cull dakhavtat-veshya, husslers, berojgar aanee kamkari garibanchya drushtikonatun. drushtikonatun madhye tyane brecht aanee digdarshak slatton dudo yanchyasobat kamgar-varg chitrapat 'kuhale wampey' madhye kaam kele.
nirvasana.
1933 nantar, nazi pakshane eyeslerche sangeet aanee breaktchya kavitanvar bandee ghatali. donhi kalakar haddapar jhaale. brecht swendberg, denmark yethe sthayik jhaala asatana, eyeslerne prag, vienna, parris, london, mosco, spain, mexico aanee denmarkmadhye kaam karoon anek varshe pravas keela. tyanni done vela amerikechya bhetee dilya, jyat tyanni tyanni kinanyapasun bhashanachya sahali kelya.
1938 madhye, eyesler shevati kayamswarupi vhisasah americet sthalantar karnyat yashasvi jhaala. newyork shaharat tyanni nyu school phaur soshal risarchmadhye sangeet shikavale aanee prayogik kaksh aanee mahitipat sangeet lihile. 1942 madhye teey losses angelisla gele, jithe teey breaktmadhye sameel jhaale, jeey denmarkhoon purvekade soviet union aanee prashant mahasagar olandun pradirgh pravasanantar 1941 madhye californiat aale hote.
yuu madhye.ess.eyeslerne vividh mahitipatansathi aanee aath hollywood chitrapatanchya sangitasathi sangeet dile, jyapaiki done-"hangman dekhil martat!"aanee" "ekoni hriday nahee"-anukrame 1944 aanee 1945 madhye auskarsathi namankit jhaale hote ". fashi denarehi martat!' yaa vishayavarhi kaam karat aahe."bertolt brecht hota, jyane digdarshak fritz langsobat katha lihili. 1927 pasoon tyachya aayushyachya akherparyant, eyeslerne 40 chitrapatansathi sangeet lihile, jyamule chitrapat sangeet haah tyachya rachanancha sarvat motha bhag banala, gayakvrund aanee/kinwa ekal aavajansathichya gayan sangitanantar.
1 februwari 1940 roji, rockfeller foundationchya anudanane nidhi puravalelya 'sangeet aanee chitrapatanmadhil sambandhavaril sanshodhan karyakram' varr tyanni kaam suru kele, jeey tyanna chitrapat digdarshak joseph lossy aanee naveen shalechya madatine midale. yaa kamamule 'chitrapatansathi rachana' heey pustak 1947 madhye prakashit jhaale, jyat 'theoder doubleu.'. saha-lekhak mhanoon sushobhit.
yaa kalatil anek chamber aanee samooh rachnanmadhye, eyesler berlinmadhye sodoon dilelya baaraa-swar paddhatikade paratala. arnold sconebergchya 70 vya vadhadivsachya sohalyasathi rachanyat aalelya tyachya "pavasache varnan karnyachya chauda paddhati" yaa shailichi eka utkrusht krutee manali jaate.
1930 aanee 1940 chya dashkatil eyeslerchya kamanmadhye 'duesh synphony' (1935-57)-brecht aanee ignazio silon yanchya kavitanvar aadharit akra halchalinmadhil eka samoohsangit-aanee 'hollywood gitpustika' (1938-43) mhanoon prakashit jhalelya qalaa ganyanche eka chakr samavisht hote. brecht, edward morik, friedrich holderlyn aanee goethe yanchya gitanmule, 20 vya shatkatil german liderchya mahan sangitkaranpaiki eka mhanoon eyeslerchi pratishtha prasthapit jhaali.
huak tapas.
yuu. aii. madhye eyeslerchi aashadayak karkird.ess. shityuddhamule tyat vyatyay aala. chitrapat studiochya varishthanni holywoodchya kalya yadeet takalelya pahilya kalakaranpaiki too eka hota. gair-american kriyakalapanvaril sabhagruh samiteene kelelya done chaukashit, sangitkaravar 'sangitacha carl marks' aanee hollywoodmadheel mukhya soviet agent asalyacha aarop karnyat aala. tyachya aaropinmadhye tyachi baheen rooth fisher hotee, jine samitisamor saksh dilee qee ticha dusra bhau gerhart haah samyavadi agent hota.
tyanche samarthak.
eyeslerche samarthak-tyanche mitra charley chaplin aanee sangitkar igor stravinsky, aaron copland aanee leonard bernstein yanchyasah-tyanchya sanrakshn nidhisathi paise gola karnyasathi laabh maifili aayojit kelya, parantu 1948 chya suruvatila tyanna haddapar karnyat aale. loksangeetkar woody guthri yanni pannas varshannantar biilii bragg aanee vilco yanni 'jalpari avenue' albamvar (1998) reecord kelelya 'eyesler aun daad goo' yaa ganyanchya bolanmadhye sangitkaranchya haddapar honyachya nirnayala virodh keela. yaa ganyat, eka aatmanirikshanatmak guthreene swatahla vicharale qee jarr tyala gair-american kriyakalapambabat sabhagruh samitisamor saksh denyasathi bolavale tarr too kaay karilah "mea kaay karen heey mallah maheet nahee/mea kaay karen heey mallah maheet nahee/eyesler aalyavar aanee gelyavar/aanee mea kaay karen heey mallah maheet nahee."
yuu pasoon nighun jaatana.ess..
26 march 1948 roji, eyesler aanee tyachi patni, lau, lagardia vimantalavarun nighale aanee pragla gele. jaanyapurvi tyane khaleel vidhan vachaleh
mea haah desh kadvatpana aanee fugnyashivay sodat nahee. 1933 madhye jevha hitlerchya darodekhoranni majhya dokyavar kimmat ghatali aanee mallah baher kadhale tevha mallah teey changle samajoo shakale. teey tyaa kalatil white hote; mallah baher kadhalyacha abhiman hota. pann yaa sunder deshatoon asha hasyaspad paddhatine baher kadhanyat aalyabaddal mallah khoop dukkh hott aahe.
purv germanymadhye.
eyesler austriyala paratala aanee nantar purv berlinla gela. purv germanymadhye, tyanni german lokshahi prajasattakache rashtragit, cabarey-shailitil ganyanche chakr, curt tucholsky yanchya vyangyatmak kavitanparyant aanee natya, chitrapat, durdarshan aanee party utsavansathi aanushangik sangeet tayar kele.
fost yaa sankalpanevar aadharit 'johannes fostus' haah tyancha tyaa kalatil sarvat mahatvakankshi prakalp hota. swatah eyeslerne lihilele 'daad libreto' heey pustak pustak akheris prakashit jhaale. tyat 'fost' heey eka anirnayak vyakti mhanoon chitrit kele gele, jyane german german yuddhat sahbhagi naan houn kamgar vargachya karyacha vishvasaghat keela. meey 1953 madhye, islarchya libretover news duchland, daad seed organ yaa vruttapatratil eka pramukh lekhane hallah keela, jyane faustache bandkhor mhanoon nakaratmak chitran karnyas nakar deela aanee yaa karyavar "german rashtriy bhavnesamor eka thappad" aanee "aaplya german kavee goethe (albrich) yanchya mahan kamanpaiki eka aupcharikpane vikrut" kelyacha aarop keela. 13 meey 1953 roji berlin academy auph artschya aashrayakhali vicharvantanchya vartulachya 'mitwochsgaselshaft' [budhwar club] yaa teen dwai-saptahik baithakanmadhye eyeslerchya aupera prakalpavar charcha jhaali. yapaiki shevatchya baithka budhwari, 10 juuna 1953 roji jhalya.
eka aathvadyanantar, aathvadyanantar purv german uthavane tyaa vadavivadanna ajendyatun bajula dhakalale. eyesler nairashyachya manahsthitit padala aanee tyane auperache sangeet lihile nahee. 1961 chya vasant rutoo aanee 1962 chya august darmyan lihilelya 'ernstey gesenge' (gambhir ganee) yaa tyachya shevatchya pustakat, eyeslerne tyachya nairashyatun baher padanyacha prayatna keela, soviet unionchya communist pakshachya 20 vya congressla stallin panth sampushtat aalyanantar, bhavishyasathi aasheche lakshan mhanoon, 'bhitishivay jaganyas' saksham kele. jaree tyanni sangitkar mhanoon kaam karane aanee purv berlin sanrakshanalayat shikavane suru thewale, taree eyesler aanee purv germanytil sanskrutik karyakartyanmadhil daree tyanchya aayushyachya shevatchya dashakat adhik vyapak jhaali. yaa kalat, tyane sangitkar wolf bearmanshee maitri kelee aanee tyala protsahan denyacha prayatna keela (parantu 1976 madhye, paschim germanytil maifilichya maifilichya asatana bearmanche jee. dii. aar. nagrikatva kadhoon ghetale gele).
1956 madhye breaktchya mrutyuparyant eyeslerne breaktsobat kaam kele. too tyachya mitrachya nidhananantar kadhihi purnapane barah jhaala nahee aanee tyachi urvarit varshe nairashya aanee bighadaleli aarogya yamule viskalit jhaali hotee. september 1962 madhye purv berlinmadhye hrudayavikarachya zatkyane (tyache dusare) tyanche nidhan jhaale aanee tyanna dorothensted smashanbhumit breaktjaval daphan karnyat aale.

