
banded broadbill

(") hii aagney ashiyachya mukhya bhoobhagat aanee mothya sunda betanvar aadhalanaya vishisht broadbill kutumbatil urilemidae pakshyachi eka prajati aahe. heey kadhikadhi done prajatinmadhye vibhagale jaate, eka mhanje keval namnirdeshit upprajaticha samavesh aahe, udaa. jeey. javanicus ", aanee eka urvarit serve upprajatincha samavesh aahe. teey vividh jangalanmadhye vasalele aahe, tasech jangalatil kaath, rabarchi lagwad aanee pramukhyane sakhal bhagat 'falcateria falcata' upavan aahet. eka lakshavedhi, mothya shariracha pakshi jyachi lambi 2 inch aahe, too dusya prajatisathi chukun asanyachi shakyata nahee. pandhya rangache biil bahutekda jambhalya-laal rangache asate, pivalya pattyansah kaale pankh, chamakdar nilee choch, kaala chehara aanee rakhadi hanuvati aanee varche stun asate. jaree heey janmajat aanee jawani purushanmadhye aspasht asale taree, kalya galyavar patti naslyamule mahilanna purushanpeksha vegale sangitale jaau shakate. thalak disanyatunahi, pakshyala tyachya sustapanamule sahasa pahane katheen asate aanee too sahasa jevha aavaj karato tevhach tyachya lakshat yeto.
hii prajati pramukhyane orthopterance (tiddya, catidids aanee crickett), kharey keetak aanee bhring yasarkhe sandhipad khatat, parantu gogalgay, sarade, bedook aanee anjir yannahi khatat ashee nond aahe. mukhya bhoomivar, prajnan samanyatah koradya hangamat hote; mothya sandamadhil loksankhyemadhye prajnan hangam march teey novembarparyant dirghkal tikato. javavar, broadbill varshbhar prajnan karato asey manale jaate. tyanchi mothee, khadkal gharati zadanvar, safsafaichya kinwa jalsrotanchya unchivar tangli jaatat. pakadat done kinwa teen undy asatat. undy sahasa gadad jambhalya kinwa lalsar-tapkiri rangachya falisah nistej pandhari asatat, parantu paschim javamadhil undy daat ganjalelya-tapkiri teey lavender-rakhadi khuna asaleli ghaan pandhari asatat. banded broadbillche done prajatinmadhye vibhajan karananya international union phaur conservation auph necharne 'javanicus' laa dhokyat asalyache aanee itar upprajatila qamee chinteche asalyache vargikrut kele aahe.
vargikaran aanee paddhatshir.
javachya namunyanchya aadhare 1821 madhye american nisargshastradnya thomas horsefield yanni banded broadbillche varnan 'urillemus javanicus' asey kele hote. hii 'urilimus' jaatichi prajati aahe, jee tyachyasathi tayar karnyat aalee hotee. urilimus' heey vansh naav pracheen greek shabdapasoon aale aahe, jyacha arth rund aanee ghasa assa hoto. javanicus' heey vishisht naav jaava yaa betavarun aale aahe, jyavar teey sapadale hote. banded broadbill heey aantarrashtriy pakshishastradnyanchya sanghatnene (aay. oo. yuu.) niyukt kelele adhikrut samanya naav aahe. yaa prajatiche aanakhi eka samanya naav mhanje jawan broadbill. yaa prajatila malay aanee thaimadhye mhatale jaate.
banded broadbill hii sadhya 'urilimus' yaa vanshatil done prajatinpaiki eka aahe, jee vishisht broadbill kutumbatil urilymidae yaa aagney aashiyatil mool nauu ushnakatibandhiy prajatinchya kutumbatil aahe."brazilche sanshodhak alekzandar selvatti aanee tyanchya sahakanyanni 2017 saalee kelelya abhyasavar aadharit, tyacha sarvat jawalcha natevaik kaala aanee pivala broadbill aahe. yaa done prajatincha kaala aanee laal aanee chandichya chhatichya chaukatinni tayar kelelya vanshanshi jawalcha sambandh aahe aanee tinhi vansh "sarcophanops" vanshasathi eka bhagini vansh tayar karatat. haah motha vansh lamb shepatichya chaukoni aanee gadad chaukoni vanshane tayar jhalelya eka vanshala baheen aahe. hii donhi vanshguchchh grearchya broadbilchi baheen aahet. vareel abhyasachya aadhare khaleel cladogram urilimidemadhil jatijanya sambandh darshavitoho
banded broadbillchya chaar upprajatinna sadhya aay. yuu. dware manyata denyat aalee aaheh
javanicus" vagalata serve upprajatya kadhikadhi vegalya prajati mhanoon vibhagalya jaatat, udaa. harterty, "aakarshastrachya aadhare, jee sadhyachya prajatila eksaman banavate (keval eka upaprajati asaleli). yaa yojnenusar, namnirdeshit upprajatinna jawan broadbill aanee eae madheel teen upprajatya mhanatat. hartertila (harterty, brooky aanee pallidus) banded broadbill mhanatat.
varnan.
pattankit chaudabilla haah eka lakshavedhi, motha shareer asalela pakshi aahe, jyachi lambi. malay dweepkalpatil 10 praudh 'pallidus' namunyanche vajan, purushanche vajan mahilanpeksha kinchit jaast hote. spashtapane pahilyas, hii prajati itar konatyahi pakshyashi gondhaloon jaanyachi shakyata nahee. tyala kalya aanee pivalya rangachya chaukatasathi chukiche manale jaau shakate, jeey tyachya lahan aakarat, kalya dokyavar aanee pandhya collarchya viruddha bhinn aahe.
namankit upprajatichya praudh naranche doke chamakdar jambhala-laal rangache asate, jeey (dolhe aanee choch yanchyatil pradesh) aanee notchya payathyakade kaale hote. hanuvati, ghasa aanee thoda halka asato, manevar kalya pattyasah; hii haar kadhikadhi bornio aanee javachya purushanmadhye beshuddha kinwa anupasthit asate. dokyacha varcha bhag chamakdar kaala rung asato aanee manechya mageel bajus rakhadi rangat jaato. pathicha varcha bhag gadad tapkiri rangacha asato; pivalya reshanchya madhyavarti resha vagalata pathicha urvarit bhag bahutek kaala asato. teey gadad tapkiri rangache asatat, patal pivalya kadaa asatat jyaa pankhanchya vakyavar pivali resha mhanoon asatat. urvarit pivalya khuna asalelya kalya rangachya asatat. tyanchya bahya kathavar chamakdar pivalya kadaa asatat jyaa pankhanvar eka changle chinhankit, trikoni patti tayar karatat. khalche bhag fikat gulabi-jambhalya teey wine-laal rangache asatat, hanuvati aanee varchya stanavar rakhadi rangacha rung aanee shuddha rakhadi stana-patti asate. shepati gadad kalya rangachi asate aanee khalchya bajula pandhare thipke asatat, shepati fikat pivali asate aanee tyat badalnara kaala aanee pivala namuna asato. chamakdar firoza nilee choch rund aanee chikat, dhardar hiravi kinwa kalee asate. jaad, hriday-aakarachi aanee rund jeebh asaleli hii sarvat rund-biil broadbillpacky eka aahe, jyamule tee aapale ann misaloo aanee "chaghalu" shakate, jyamule prajati tulanene mothya shikaricha vapar karnyas madat hote. javhanikasmadhye bubul fikat pivalya rangache aanee itar serve upprajatinmadhye nilmani nilya rangache asatat aanee paay fikat gulabi-tapkiri teey fikat rakhadi-nilya rangache aanee nistej kalya pankhanche asatat.
mahila purushansarkhyach asatat, parantu tyanchya galyavar patti aanee rakhadi dokya aanee khalchya bhaganchya abhavamule tyanna vegale kele jaau shakate. kishoravayin mulanchi doki fikat tapkiri, pathicha varcha bhag tapkiri, pankh gadad tapkiri aanee shepati kalee asate. tyanchya manechya mageel bajus rund houn tutalela collar bananyasathi eka chinhankit pivali (dolhyachya varchi resha) asate aanee kananchya aavarnavar arund pivalya rangache patte asatat. pathichya varchya bajula aniyamit pivale thipke asatat aanee paath aanee gabha mothya pramanat pivalya rangache asatat. pankhanvar praudhanpramanech pivalya rangachya khuna asatat. ghasa pivalya rangacha asoon fikat gadad patte asatat aanee pivalya-pandhya pattyane stanapasoon vegala keela jaato, urvarit khalche bhag gulabi rangache pivale asatat. note narangi-tapkiri aahe. kishoravayin vayanusar, shariravaril pivalya rangachya jaagi haloohaloo jambhalya-gulabi rangachi jaaga ghetali jaate, jyachi suruvat manechya dokyapasoon aanee bajula hote. malaysiamadhye, janewari aanee februwari vagalata serve mahinyant aanee meey teey augustparyant shikharavar moulting disun aale aahe. sharirachya sarvat jawalche prathamik pankh pratham ghasale jaatat aanee pudhe asalele nantar ghasale jaatat.
pattankit broadbillchya pisamanmadhil laal rung heey jaivik rangdravya 2,3-diadidro-papilioerithrinonmule hotat, jeey kaale aanee pivale broadbill, kaale aanee laal broadbill aanee "sarcophanops" prajatinmadhye dekhil aadhalate. yaa prajatichya pisanmadhil pivala rung carotenoid 7,8-dihydro-3 '-dehydro-luteinmule hoto, joou kalya aanee pivalya broadbillchya pisanmadhye dekhil asato.
aavaj.
yaa prajatiche gaane eka ullekhaneey, lahan, mothyane 'view' kinwa 'viuk' aahe, kadhikadhi 4-9 'vrr' swaransah purvavalokan kele jaate aanee nehmi 5-9 sekandanparyant tikananya gongat, uchch-gatee, zagmagatya trikane anusaran kele jaate jeey lavkar padnyapurvi suruvatila sureet vadhate. heey gaane ekapathopath eka done pakshyandvare varanvar dile jaate, tyanantar shejarchya jodya pratisad detat. itar achanak, mothaya aavajanmule heey suru houu shakate, parantu playbackla (dhwanimudrit pakshagite) pratisad sahasa mand asato. itar collmadhye anunasik 'vhee-yuu', eka kinchalanara 'kiyu', eka 'kevar' aanee kalya aanee laal broadbillpramanech kinchalanara 'keek-eka-eka' yancha samavesh hoto. pankhanchya pradarshanadarmyan kelele soft coll qamee karkash asatat aanee kalya aanee pivalya broadbildware kelelya samaan kolpeksha qamee asatat.
vitaran aanee adhivas.
banded broadbill aagney ashiyachya mukhya bhoomivar aanee mothya sunda betanvar aadhalate. indochinmadhye, too dakshin aanee madhya vietnam, paschim aanee dakshin thayalandacha bahutek bhag, tonley sapp vagalata bahutek kambodiya, dakshin aanee madhya laos aanee aagney myanmarmadhil tenasserim tekadya aanee carren tekdyanpasun olakhala jaato. mothya sandanmadhye, hii prajati sumatra, bornio, jaava, belitung, banka bett, uttar natuna bete aanee riyau dweepsamuhat rahate. 1928 chya sumaras singapurmadhye too sthanik patalivar namshesh jhaala; penang betavar tyachya upasthitichya ahavalanna dujora midalela nahee. heey sahasa sthalantarit nasate, parantu teen varshanchya kalavadhit kuala lumpurmadhil purvichya rubber lagvadivar duyyam jangalachya pradeshat rahana eka vyaktiche kinwa anek vyaktinche ahwal asey soochit karatat qee hii prajati tyache nehamiche nivassthan gamavalyavar bhatakate.
yaa prajati anek prakarchya jangalat rahatat, jyat prathamik jangale, punha vadhaleli nivadakpane lavaleli jangale, piit daldalichi jangale, unchivarchi ushna jangale, godya panthal jangale, jangalanchi dhaar, rubber lagwad aanee "falcateria falcata" upavan yancha samavesh aahe. mukhya bhoomivar, sadaharit aanee mishra panzadi jangalanmadhye heey sarvat samanya aahe, parantu shejarchya baganmadhye aanee gavanmadhye tasech duyyam jangalanmadhyehi teey disate. jaava varr, too sahasa jungle kinaryavar, visheshtah dongral utaranvar disato. pramukhyane sakhal pradeshachi prajati asoonahi, pattankit chaudaki malay dweepkalp aanee sumatra, laosmadhye, kambodiyamadhye aanee borneomadhye unchiparyant aadhalate. jaava varr, too samanyatah unchivar aadhalato, parantu kadhikadhi titkach unch asato.
vartan aanee paryavaran.
pattankit chaukatcha vishisht aanee thalak rung asoonahi, tyachya sust savayinmule tyache nirikshan karane samanyatah katheen asate aanee samanyatah keval tyachya mothaya ganyamulech disate. heey kalya aanee pivalya rangachya chaukatasarkhe pankh aanee antar darshavinare pradarshan karnyasathi olakhale jaate. pankhanchya pradarshanat pankh pathichya kinchit varr uchalane aanee nantar haloohaloo udanare pankh ughadane aanee bund karane samavisht aahe aanee teey gayalyanantar, charyanantar kinwa playbackla pratisad mhanoon tayar kele jaatat. tyat fakt eka pankh asoo shakato aanee kadhikadhi tyala shepatichya dabyacha purak asato. konatehi aavaj naan karata mojmap karoon note ughadun aanee bund karoon gapping display aayojit kele jaatat. heey pradarshan ekte asatana aanee itar pattankit chaukatinchya upasthitit donhi thikani kele jaate aanee gharatyanjaval sadar kele jaat asalyache disun aale aahe. kahivela soft colldekhil tyanchyabarobar asatat.
aahar.
pattankit broadbillchya aaharat sandhivat, lahan prushthavanshiy prani aanee fale yancha samavesh hoto. tyacha mukhya shikar orthopterance (tide, catidids aanee crickett) aahe jyachi sarasari lambi. heey kharey keetak (hemiptera), gogalgay, kolee aanee ground beatle (carabidae), gadad bhring (tenebrionidae) aanee kharey vivil (curculionidae) yasarkhe bhring dekhil khatat. jaree prajatichya aaharat tyanche mahatva adnyat asale taree 'ficus' anjirasarkhi lahan fale dekhil khalli jaatat. broadbill lamb sarade aanee bedook khaat asalyache nondavale gele aahe, jeey donhi doke-pratham khaat hote.
itar chaukatinpramanech, prajati mand gatine chaara ghetat. tyachya datanchi datanchi tochi asate aanee too tyacha bahutansh vel ajunahi-shikar karnyat, unch pattyanmadhun udya maranyat aanee jawalchya fandyanmadhun aanee pananchya khalchya bajunmadhun shikar karnyat ghalavato. dokyachya halchalinchi tapasani karane vagalata, bahutekda varchya dishene, chaukoni biil samanyatah sthir asate. punha basnyapurvi, shikar gola karnyasathi aniyamit, udya marnari uddane karane, tasech adhik mohak paddhatine udatana shikar pakadane heey disun aale aahe. kautumbik gut manale jaanare jodya aanee lahan kalap divasbhar sakriy asatat, adhunmadhun mishra prajatinchya charyachya kalpanmadhye sameel hotat.
prajnan.
malay dweepkalpavar, pattankit chaudkhadimadhye prajnan sahasa purv ashiyai mansunnantar koradya hangamat hote. 21 march roji tenserim myanmarmadhil ekmev nond kelele gharate aadhalun aale. dweepkalpiy maleshiya madhye, februwari aanee marchmadhye gharate aanee aprilchya suruvatipasun septemberchya suruvatiparyant aparipakv, march teey meey aanee julaimadhye undy ghalane disun aale aahe. thayalandmadhye gharate aanee aparipakvateche aacharan maleshiyachya tulanet nantarchya kalat kele jaate, jeey mansoonchya pravasache pratibimb aahe. laosmadhye junmadhye aparipakvata disun aalee aahe, jeey soochit karate qee prajnan urvarit dweepkalpapramane koradya hangamapeksha olya hangamachya suruvatila jhaale. mothya sunda betanvar prajnan hangam march teey novembarparyant dirghkal chalato. borneomadhye, marchmadhye praudhanni gharate bandhanyasathichi samagri gola kelyache disun aale aahe aanee alikadech septembermadhye eka pakshi disala; vadhalelya andakoshansah narr march teey julaiparyant gola kele gele aahet. banded broadbilcha prajnan hangam visheshtah sumatra aanee javavar dirghkal asato. march, julai, september aanee novembermadhye sumatrala aparipakvata disun aalee aahe aanee eprilmadhye belitungmadhun undy gola kelee gelee aahet. jaava prajati varshbhar prajnan karoo shakatat, april, juuna aanee decembermadhye gharate gola kelee jaatat aanee march aanee december darmyan aparipakv hotat.
itar vishisht broadbillpramanech, banded broadbilchi gharati samanyatah dipterocarps aanee "coompasia excelsa" sarkhya mrut kinwa jiwant zadanna latakavoon, over clearing kinwa jalashayanchya unchivar banavali jaatat. teey 'pandanas', furn aanee bamboo yasarkhya epifietswar bandhale gelyachi nond dekhil aahe. gharate samanyatah khodajavalil bajuchya fandila tangli jaatat, parantu kadhikadhi jaad paaney aanee bambuchya tokanvarhi tangli jaatat. vishal madhmashi (epis dorsata) aanee halictidae sweet bii yasarkhya prajatinchya madhmashyanchya jawal gharate bandhaleli aadhalali aahet, hii eka ranniti jee kalya aanee pivalya broadbillmadhye dekhil disate aanee jee sanrakshn pradan karoo shakate. borneomadhye eka gharate 18 divasanchya kalavadhit bandhale jaat asalyache disun aale, donhi praudh gharate bandhanyat sahbhagi jhaale. gharati mothya, khadbadit aanee andakar kinwa nashpatichya aakarachya asatat, jyachi ekoon lambi, magchya shepatisah. gharate banavanyasathi vaparlya jaanarya samgrimadhye paaney, fandya, mule, tantu, sheval, pananche sangad, gavatachi deth aanee bryophytes yancha samavesh hoto. donhi linganmadhye gharate bandhanyasathiche sahitya gola kartana pahile gele aahe. aateel kaksh paaney aanee jaad gavatachya dethanni jhakalela asato aanee bahereel bhag haah bahudha chhadmavaran pradan karnyasathi, liken, bryophytes, hirwa sheval, kitkancha malmutra, kosh aanee kobweb yanni sushobhit keela jaato. gharatyache praveshdwar tirkas zotane jhakalele asate. sabahchya gharatyachi unchi, rundi aanee kholee, praveshdwar mojmapasah hotee.
pattankit chaudabilichi undy andakar aakarachi aanee mojmap karnari asatat. tyancha prushthbhag gulgulit aanee kinchit chamakdar asato aanee samanyatah gadad jambhalya kinwa lalsar-tapkiri rangachya pattyansah nistej pandhare asatat, rund tokavar ghandat asatat; paschim javanachi undy ghaan pandhari asatat, kadhikadhi gulabi rangachi asatat, jyat daat ganjalelya-tapkiri teey lavender-rakhadi khuna asatat. pakadinmadhye samanyatah done kinwa teen undy asatat, jaree kahivela tyanchyat jaast undy asoo shakatat. gharate purn honyapurvi ubavani suru houu shakate aanee ubavanicha eka tappa 1.8hours lamb asalyache nondavale gele. yaa prajatiche undy futane aanee palakanchya kaljibaddal farshi mahitee nahee, parantu palak 13 aathvadyannantar lahan mulanna 70-80% ann puravat rahatat, 20 aathvadyanparyant teey qamee houn 20-30% jhaale aahe.
sthitee.
banded broadbillche done prajatinmadhye vibhajan karananya international union phaur conservation auph necharne 'javanicus' chey jawaljawal dhokyat asalele aanee itar serve upprajati qamee chinteche asalyache vargikaran kele aahe. jaree madhya aanee purv javamadhye teey viralpane pasarlele asale, taree mount gede pangrango rashtriy udyanasarkhya kahee sanrakshit bhagatahi 'javanicus' disun aale aahe. tyachi loksankhya 10,000 peksha jaast praudh asanyachi shakyata nahee aanee tee qamee hott asalyache manale jaate. upprajatinsathichya dhokyanmadhye adhivas nasht hone aanee pinjaryatil pakshyanchya vyaparacha samavesh aahe. urvarit upprajati tyanchya sampoorn shreneet bahutek asamanya kinwa sthanik patalivar samanya aahet, parantu bruneimadhye durmil aanee uttar thayalandmadhye atishay durmil asalyache varnan kele gele aahe. malay dweepkalpat rahana loksankhyela jawaljawal dhokyat asalyache manale jaate. teey anek sanrakshit bhagat aadhaltat.