
chamak

glarentza (), jyala clarenia, clarence kinwa chiarenza asehi mhanatat, heey madhyayugeen shahar elismadhil aadhunik kilinichya thikanajaval, dakshin greesmadheel peloponies dweepkalpachya pashchimekadil binduvar sthit hote. 13 vya shatkachya madhyat willehardouincha william dusra yane sthapan kelele heey shahar, rajyachi rajdhani, aandrevidachya shejari vasalele asalyamule, acheya yaa frankish rajvatiche mukhya bandar aanee pudina mhanoon kaam karat hote. italibarobarchya vyaparamule mothee samruddhi aalee, parantu 15 vya shatkachya suruvatila sansthan swatach qamee hott asalyane shahar qamee houu lagale. 1428 madhye, glarenza moryachya byzantine nirankushanna sopavanyat aala aanee 1460 madhye ottoman vijayaparyant, palayologosachya eka nirankushanche nivassthan asalyane tyachi saha-rajdhani mhanoon kaam kele. ottoman rajvatit, italishi asalele vyavsayik sambandh tutalyamule glarenza zapatyane qamee jhaala aanee 16 vya shatkaparyant too sodoon denyat aala aanee uddhvast jhaala. aaj shaharache thode avasheshah shaharachya bhintiche, churchche aanee itar kahee imaratinche tasech galyukt bandarache khuna.
itihas.
glarenzachi sthapana 13vya shatkachya madhyat, chauthya dharmayuddhanantar sthapan jhalelya aanee dakshin greesmadheel peloponies kinwa moria dweepkalpala samavoon ghenanya, akia yaa french rajvaticha shasak, willehardouincha (shasit 1246-78) william dusra yane kelee hotee. tyacha ughad paya tyachya navatoon, kinwa frenchmadhye, kinwa italianmadhye, kinwa lattinmadhye, samkalin greek kagadpatranmadhye (clarenta), (clarinta) kinwa (glarenta) asey varnan kelele aahe.
madhyayugeen shahar aadhunik killini gavachya paschimes thodese pudhe, peloponijchya sarvat pashchimekadil bindu asalelya headlandchya uttar tokavar sthit hote. pracheen kalapasoon heey serve elismadhil sarvottam lunger mhanoon olakhale jaanare thikan hote aanee bahudha heey pracheen shahar seleneche thikan hote. kahee antaravar, antardeshiy andhravida yethe asalelya rajvatichya rajdhanisathi aashraysthan mhanoon glarentzachi sthapana karnyat aalee. andrevida aanee clermont kinwa klemautsichya killyasah, bandaratil kahee, glarentza yanni achiyachya rajvatiche prashasakeey kendra tayar kele.
glarenza tyachya thikanapasun fayadeshir tharale aanee morey aanee itali darmyanchya dalanvalan aanee vahatukisathi mukhya bandar banale. shaharachya greek sanskruti mantralayachya sanketsthalavar varnan kelyapramane, glarenza "aantarrashtriy khyatisah, yuddhavir sansthanache sarvat mahattvache aarthik aanee shahari kendra mhanoon vegane sthapit jhaale", tarr madhyayugeen antoin bonchya matey, teey "eka asey samooh hote jeey tyachya kriyakalapannusar, shabdachya aadhunik arthane eka shaharasarkhe asave". heey eka sarvadesheey shahar hote, jithe italiche doot, sainik aanee vyapari, pramukhyane venesian lock varanvar yet asat. 14 vya shatkat tyane swatachya vajanachya aanee mojamapachya paddhaticha vapar keela, yacha purava mhanoon vyaparane mothee samruddhi aanali. tyat eka rugnalay tasech banka, navikansathi rahanyachi soya aanee eka franciscan math hota. 1391chya jagiranchya yadichya aadhare, shaharachi ganana see. aii. kelee gelee. 300 shekoti, jyamule teey sansthanatil sarvat mothya shetmalanpaiki eka aahe.
heey shahar rajgharanyache thikan dekhil hote, jyane 13 vya shatkapasoon 1353 madhye tyachya samaptiparyant, suruvatila '[dii] clarentia' aanee, hainautchya florentchya (1289-97 shasit) karkirdipasun, 'dii clarentia' saha koraleli 'danier turnois' kinwa 'tornies' nanee chhapali. jaree andrevid heey sansthanachya rajdarbaratil mukhya nivassthan asale, taree glarentza heey dekhil rajkiy mahatva asalele thikan hote aanee tethe anek sansad aanee sabha jhalya, jase qee 1276 madhye akovachya baronichya varshavar nirnay, kinwa sansad aanee 1289 madhye villehardouinchya isabela aanee hainautchya florentchya nishthechi shapath. glarentza bhintinchya sanchane vedhalela hota, parantu heey kevha kele gele yabaddal vidvananni barach kaal vaad ghatala aahe. glarentza aanee clairmont/klemautsicha jawalcha killa yanchyatil sambandhanshi sambandhit haah vaad aahe, jeey glarentza moolatah unfortified asalyache mananadhyanchya matey shaharacha killa mhanoon kaam kele gele, asha paristhitit heey kadachit pudinache mool thikan hote, jithun tyache paryayi naav 'castell torniz' aahe.
juuna 1315 madhye, glarenza yala mejorakachya "infant" ferdinandchya aragonese sainyane tabyat ghetale, jyane william II chee naat, vilyam II chee naat sabranchya isabelashi jhalelya tyachya lagnamule swatahsathi achia yaa sansthanachya padvicha dawa keela. ferdinandne glarentza heey aapale nivassthan banavale aanee lavkarach napleschya angivinne rajvatichya rajvativar asamadhani asalelya anek acheyan barrenchya dalbadalamule serve ellis tabyat ghetale. ferdinandne tyachya navane nanee tayar karnyas suruvat kelee-glarentza pudinatil durmil mudde-parantu kayadeshir davedar, hainautchi matilda aanee bargandichi lui yanchya aagamanane tyache rajyakal qamee jhaale. 5 julai 1316 roji glarenzachya ishanyekade jhalelya manoladachya ladhait aragoneejcha parabhav jhaala aanee ferdinand marla gela. tyache urvarit sainya glarentzala paloon gele aanee lavkarach tyanni vyapalele shahar aanee itar kille supurd kele aanee ferdinandcha mrutdeh tyanchyabarobar gheuun peloponi sodoon gele.
15 vya shatkachya suruvatila, rajvatichech bighadalele nasheeb lakshat gheuun shaharacha hasad suru jhaala. tyaa velee, rajkumar centurion dusra zakeria (shasit 1404-30) yachya netrutvakhalil acheya, ekikade moryachya nirankushanchya byzantinechya hallyanmule aanee dusarikade cephalonia aanee zakinthoschya tokko kutumbachya vistarvadi aarakhadyanmule dhokyat aala. 1407chya uttaradhat, centurioncha swatacha mehuna leonardo dusra tokone glarentza japt keela aanee 'chronicle auph daad tokko' madhye nondavalyapramane prachand luut kelee. julai 1414 madhye venesian-madhyasthi kararane shaharala shatkat punarsthapit karnyapurvi sangharsh aanee rajnaitik yuktivadachi anek varshe lagali. 1417 madhye, hukumshaha theodor dusra paleologos aanee tyacha bhau johnn VIII paleologos yanchya netrutvakhalil byzantinanni rajvatichya avasheshanvar aanakhi eka hallah keela. bandhunni vegane pragati kelee, jyamule rajkumar centurionla glarentzamadhye nivrutt honyas bhag padale gele, jyavar byzantine ayashasvi hallah keela. 1418 madhye yuddhaviram jhaala, parantu tyach varshi, olivier franco yaa italian sahsi vyaktine heey shahar tabyat ghetale, jeey tyane 1421 madhye leonardocha motha bhau carlo aay tokko yala vikale.
tyanchya hatat chamak thevun, tochi aata peloponi lokanmadhye ughadpane tyanchya aakanksha purn karoo lagale aanee centurioncha bhau, patras stephen zakariyachya lattin aarchbishapchya pradeshanvar hallah keela. 1427 madhye samrat johnn VIII chya netrutvakhali byzantine lokanni swatah peloponisemadhil tokkochya bhoomivar hallah keela. byzantinechya tafyane tyachya naudalacha parabhav kelyanantar, carlola sharan yenyas bhag padale gele aanee 1428 madhye, tyachi bhachi madalena hichya hundacha bhag mhanoon glarentza supurd karnyat aala, jicha vivah hukumshaha constantin palayologos (bhavishyatil shevatcha byzantine samrat) yachyashi jhaala hota. 1429 madhye jevha nirbandhitane patranna vedha ghatala, tevha shaharachya madatila aalelya catalan tafyane glarentza pakadala, jyamule nirbandhitanna tyachi khandani parat ghenyas bhag padale. tyanantar tyane tyachi kille nasht kelee, jenekarun tee aata pashchimatya shaktidvare tabyat ghetali jaau shakat nahee aanee vaparali jaau shakat nahee.
1430 madhye, byzantindware achiyachya sansthanala antim adheen kelyanantar, peloponies vividh palayologos rajkumaranmadhye epanejesmadhye vibhagale gele. 1432 paryant glarentza heey thomas palayologosache nivassthan banale, jevha tyane aaplya bhagachi adlabadal constantineshy kelee, joou moolatah kalavrita yethe sthayik jhaala hota. 1446 madhye sultan murad dusra yachya netrutvakhali ottoman turkanni glarenza aanee tyachya aaspaschya pradeshavar chhapa takala aanee 1460 madhye urvarit byzantine peloponis too ottoman lokanvar padala. jaree jawalchya clemoutsyne 19vya shatkaparyant lashkari balekilla mhanoon bhoomika bajavali asali-1463-79 chya ottoman-venesian yuddhadarmyan venesian lokanni tyala gherav ghatala hota aanee 1620 madhye maltachya shooranni tyachyavar hallah keela hota-glarentza swatach automanchya antargat vegane aspashtatet padala asalyache disate, italishi sagari sambandh tutat asatana varvar pahata too qamee hott gela. 16vya shatkaparyant, too aadhich sodoon denyat aala hota aanee ardhyavar kosalala hota. 19vya shatkaparyant salag pravashanni yaa avasheshanche varnan kele hote aanee nantar chhayachitrehi kadhali gelee. dusya mahayuddhat greesmadheel german tabyat asatana german sainyane anek avashesh padale.
19vya shatkachya suruvatila, robbert byron yanchyasarkhya anek lekhak aanee pravashanni assa yuktivad keela qee glarenza (tyachya lattin swarupat, clarentia/clarentia) neey henoutchi rajkumari matilda aanee tiche chulat bhau philippa auph hannout yanchya madhyamatoon 'duke auph clarence' yaa shahee ingraji shirshakala tyache naav dile, jyachi 20vya shatkat 'mayers conversations-lexicon' vishvakoshasarkhya pratishthit prakashananni punaravrutti kelee aahe. tathapi, haah drushtikon 1846 madhye lashkari adhikari aanee puratatvashastradnya william martin leak yanni aadhich nirnayakpane nakarla hota, jyanni asey nidarshanas aanoon dile qee ingraji rajgharanyala kadhihi morot padvi navhati aanee 'clarence' haah clair, safakpasoon udbhavato, glarentzapasoon nahee.
sthan aanee puratatva avashesh.
glarenza shahar eka chhotya patharavar vasalele hote, jeey pashchimekadun purvekade kinchit khalchya dishene, dweepkalpachya vayavya tokala hote, jyala pracheen kalat chelonatas mhanoon olakhale jayache. shahar see. aii. chya aniyamit aakarat hote. purvekadoon paschimekade aanee uttarekadun dakshinekade, i.eae. see. aii. chaa prushthbhag. . shaharachya uttar aanee paschim bajoo samudrala lagoon hotya aanee samudrakade utarananya sumare 50 meater unchichya eka khadakane sanrakshit hotya. dhokadayak paschim aanee nairutya vanyanpasoon sanrakshit asalele heey bandar uttarela hote.
madhyayugeen shaharache aaj farach qamee bhautik avashesh aahet. vasahatala vedhaleli shaharachi bhint mothya pramanat nahishi jhaali aahe aanee aaj ticha shodh ghene katheen aahe, parantu tyachya payachya avasheshanvarun tee eka lakshaniy tatbandi asalyache disat nahee. teey halakya hatane bandhale gele hote, kadachit tyachi jaadi aayatakruti manonyandware majboot kelee gelee hotee. teen darvajanni barech mothe avashesh sodale aahet. purvekadil, aagney aanee dakshinekadil bajunna kahee khandakanni tond dile hote, utkhananat sapadaleli maatee aateel bajula fekali gelee hotee aanee tee shaharachi bhint unchavanyasathi vaparali jaat hotee. shaharachya nairutya kopyat eka chhota killa hota. bandar mukhya shaharapasun eka bhintine vegale karnyat aale hote aanee teey utkhanit khonyat (aaj eka daldalicha bhag) vasalele hote aanee kadachit krutrim tantudware samudrapasun vegale kele gele hote aanee shaharachya bhintinchya vistaradvare sanrakshit kele gele hote. bandarache praveshdwar pashchimekadun hote, jeey vaara aanee kinanyavaril donhi kadyanpasoon sanrakshn dete.
shaharachya aateel bhagatil imaratinchya kahee avasheshanpaiki, ishanyekadil eka mothee smarakeey payya aanee kahee aakarman asalele eka mothe church heey sarvat ullekhaneey aahet. church tulanene sope bandhkam hote, parantu asamanya aakarache aanee eka. bonane franciscanschya charchashi aapali olakh nirman karnyacha prastav mandala aahe, jithe 1276 aanee 1289 madhye acheyachya kulinanchya sabha jhalya hotya. charchchya bhintinche urvarit bhag german sainyane tabyat asatana purnapane nasht kele hote.
sadhya heey thikan byzantine puratan vastoonchya 6 vya efforetdware vyavasthapit kele jaate. yethe gadine jaata yete aanee teey abhyagatansathi khule aahe.