ekpada

ekpad mhanje hindu dev shivacha eka paay asalela pailu. haah pailu pramukhyane dakshin bharat aanee orisamadhye aadhalato, parantu adhunmadhun rajsthan aanee nepalmadhyehi aadhalato. ekpad pramukhyane teen pratimashastriy swarupat darshavile jaate. ekpad-moorti (eka paay asaleli pratima) swarupat, tyache eka paay aanee chaar haat asalele chitra aahe. ekpad-trimurthy (eka paay asaleli trimurthy) swarupat, tyache chitran vishnu aanee brahm devatanchya torsos kele gele aahe, jeey shivasah miloon tyachya bajunni, kambar varchya bajula aanee eka payasah hindu trimurthy (trimurthy) tayar karatat; tathapi, kadhikadhi, shivachya madhyavarti eka payavyatirikt, vishnu aanee brahmache done lahan paay bajunni baher padatat. kahee shastravachane nantarchya sanrachanela ekpad-trimurthy asehi mhanatat, tarr kahee tyala tripad-trimurthy ("teen payanchi trimurthy") mhanoon sambodhatat. orisamadhye, jethe ekpad haah shivacha bhayan pailu manla jaato, tethe ekpad-murtichi pratima adhik tivra hote, jyat raktabalachya rupan asatat. yaa pailula ekpad bhairav (eka paay asalela bhairav kinwa eka paay asalela ugra bhairav) mhanatat.
shivache ekpad roop vaidik devata 'ajj ekpad' kinwa 'ajaikpad' pasoon udbhavale aahe, jeey naav ekpad bhairav ajunahi varshane midavatat. ekpad haah 'aksh mundi' (vishvacha vaishvik stambh) darshavito aanee shivache sarvoch swami mhanoon chitran karato, jithun vishnu aanee brahm yancha ugam hoto. ekapadala anekada tapasvi sevak asatat, jyanchi upasthiti tyachya tivra tapashcharyeshi asalelya sambandhavar bharr dete.
pratimashastra.
aamsumadhbhedgam' yaa aagam granthmadhye ullekh aahe qee ekpad-trimurthy hii shivachya ekanetra aanee ekrudra pailunsarkhich aahe aanee hii 'vidyavara' pailunpaiki eka aahe. too 'jutt-mukut' (dhigband, ghatt kesanni banalela shirastran) aanee pandhare reshami kapade ghalato. tyala teen dolhe aahet aanee too prashant swarupacha aahe. too tyachya chaar bahunpaiki done hatanmadhye trishul (trishul) aanee eka tanka (lahan hatoda) aanee varada mudra (vardan denari havbhav) aanee abhay mudra (aashvasachi havbhav) madhye havbhav dharato.
uttara-karangam' yaa aanakhi eka aagam granthache dekhil ekpad-trimurtiche varnan eka vidheshwar mhanoon kele aahe. too tyachya eka payavar kamalachya payathyavar ('padma peeth') ubha rahato ('sambhanga' mudra). tyala teen dolhe aanee chaar haat aahet aanee too rangane sphatikasarkha spasht aahe. tyachya pathichya hatanmadhye trishul kinwa mrug (harran) aanee eka tanka aanee varada mudra aanee abhay mudret tyachya chaar hatanche havbhav asatat. too samanya 'kundala' kanatale kinwa motyanche aanee jutt-mukut paridhan karato. tyachya sharirachya ujavya aanee davya bhagatoon anukrame brahm aanee vishnu baher yetat. teey kambarepasoon varr dakhavale jaatat aanee tyancha eka paay jaminichya varr vakalela asato. brahm aanee vishnu heey doghehi chaar hatanche asatat aanee tyanche pudhil haat dumadun (anjali mudret) dharatat. tyachya magchya hatat, chaar dokyancha brahm eka shrook (agni-yadnyat toop arpan karnyasathi vaparali jaanari eka mothee lakadi kathee) aanee eka kamandalu (panyache bhande) dharato, tarr vishnu-jyala 'kirita-mukut' (shankuchya aakaracha mukut) neey sushobhit kele aahe-eka shankh (shankh) aanee chakr dharan karato. ekpadachya bhovati eka prachand prabhamandal aahe, jyat tyachya tinhi torsojcha samavesh aahe. tisra aagam grunth, 'uttara-kanikagma' madhye namood kele aahe qee brahm aanee vishnuchya aakrutya pramananusar lahan aahet, jyaa stree devatansathi nirdharit kelelya aakarapramane aahet. too devatechya eka payala shivache anikonik prateek asalelya lingashi dekhil jodato. ling puran' madhye shivache varnan 'eka paay, chaar haat, teen dolhe aanee trishul asalela bhagwan' asey kele aahe... joou tyachya davya bajoone vishnu aanee ujavya bajoone chaar dokyancha brahm nirman karoon tainat keela jaato."dakshin bharatiy mandiranmadhye, yaa murtisobat yogi kinwa tapasvi tyachi pooja karat asatat aanee brahmacha huns (huns/huns), vishnucha garud (garud-manushya) aanee shivacha nandee bail heey trimurtiche vahan asoo shakatat.
kadhikadhi, jevha vishnu aanee shivache paay disatat, tevha vishnu aanee shivache paay dakhavale jaat naheet, jevha tyala 'ekpad-trimurthy' ('eka paay asaleli trimurthy') mhanatat, tarr 'uttara-karnagam' madhye pahilyacha 'ekpad-trimurthy' assa ullekh keela jaato, tyaa pratikrutichya ulat tyaa pratimela 'tripad-trimurthy' ('teen payanchi trimurthy') mhanatat. jevha vishnu aanee brahm yanchya torsonshivay pratima dakhavali jaate, tevha tyala fakt 'ekpad-moorti' ('eka paay asaleli pratima') mhanatat. mahakapadacha aanakhi eka prakar, jyala mahesh-ekpada mhanatat, too mahabalipurammadhil sha shatkatil eka korivkamat aadhalato, jithe too eka paay asalela aanee chaar haat asalela aahe, parantu tyala teen drishyaman dokya aanee mage aanee varr eka doke dekhil aahe, jyamule too paach dokyancha pratima banato, joou 'mahesh' kinwa 'sadashiv' navachya paach dokyanchya swarupasarkha disato.
orisamadhye, ekpadchi pratima dakshin bharatatil pratimashastrapeksha khoopach vegali aahe. jaree tyacha eka paay, kesanche ghatt rung aanee chandrachya shirastran aanee tapasvi sevak asey vaishishtya asale, taree yethe ekpadala kadhihi vishnu aanee brahm yanchya torsos chitrit kele gele nahee. too chaar-sashastr kinwa done-sashastr asoo shakato aanee tyala shivacha bhitidayak pailu, bhairavcha eka prakar manale jaate. too lahan dadhi aanee misha, datanni ughade tond aanee krodhit bhavane phugalele dolhe dharan karato. too ethiphalic aahe (saral fauluss) aanee tyachya kambarebhovati vaghachi tvacha ghalato. too tyachya chhativar vividh dagine aanee eka lamb yadnyopavit (pavitra dhaga) ghalato. nantarchya pratimanmadhye, kavatichi maal, sarpakar dagine aanee yagnopavit aanee tyachya payakhali eka mrutdeh asalela ekpad adhik bhayanak asato. suruvatichya pratimanmadhye tyala varada mudra aanee kamandaloone chitrit kele aahe; tathapi, nantarchya pratimanmadhye tyanchi jaaga damaru aanee kapal yanni ghetali aahe. tyache itar gunadharm akshamala (japmal), trishul, sarp, harran asoo shakatat. tyache tapasvi sevak trishul dharan karoo shakatat aanee kadhikadhi tyachyasobat eka mahila paricharika aanee tyachi vahan nandee asate.
vishvakarma-shilp" madhye ekpadala eka rudra mhanoon namood kele aahe aanee tyachya murtikaleche varnan asey kele aahe qee tyachya davya hatanmadhye eka katwanga, eka baana, eka chakr, eka damaru, eka madgara (eka maletsarkhe shastra), eka akshamala aanee eka trishul (trishul), eka haat varada mudret dharoon, aanee tyachya ujavya hatanni dhanushya, eka ghanta (ghanta), eka kapal, eka kaumudi (ardhchandra), eka ghat (bhande), eka parashu parashu aanee shakti (shakti), eka haat tarjani mudret (varr uchalalela kinwa krodh darshavinara tarjanila dhamkavanara). tathapi, sola sashastr ekpadanche konatehi pratinidhitva aadhalat nahee.
vikas aanee pooja.
ekpadachi utkranti aspasht aahe; tathapi, bahutek vidwan sahmat aahet qee too vaidik devata ajj ekpada kinwa ajaikpada (ajj aanee ekpadachi sandhee) pasoon udayas aala. ajj ekpad ("eka paay asalela naan janmalela/aprakatit") yacha pahila ullekh vedanmadhye aadhalato (udaa.jee. rugved 02.031.06,06.050.14, ityadi.), hindu dharmache sarvat june dharmgranth. ajj ekpad haah ahee buddhyashi ("khol mahasagaracha sarp") jawalun sambandhit aahe, joou paach rug vaidik stotranmadhye aanee ekada tyachyashivay aahechyyaa sanyogat disato. vhee. nusar. ess. agrawala, ajj ekpad aanee ahee buddhya heey ekach devache jule pailu asalyache disate. aahe eka vyakhyenusar, aakashacha aanee meghagarjanacha puur samarthak mhanoon tyala sambodhale jaat asalyane ajah ekpad haah eka havai dev asalyache disate. yaskachya 'naighantuka' (eka kosh) madhye, aakashiy kshetranchya devatansah ajah ekpadacha ullekh aahe. atharvaved' madhye tyache varnan done jaganni banalele asey kele aahe. taittiriya brahman' madhye tyache varnan purvekadoon udayas aalele asey kele aahe. yaa granthache bhashyakar ajj ekpadacha arth agni-devata agnicha eka prakar mhanoon karatat, tasech aadhunik vidwan v. ess. agrawala. niruktavaril durga tyacha arth surya assa lavte aanee kahee vidwan tyala saur devata dekhil manatat. kahee vidwan tyala vadalanshi jodatat aanee ajj ekpadacha arth ekach oleet pruthvivar kosalanara vijecha fatka assa karatat. hindu mahakavyanmadhye, ajj ekpad, jyache aksharlekhan ajaikpad asey aahe, tyache varnan 11 rudranpaiki eka aanee shivache eka visheshan asey kele aahe, hii olakh ajunahi prachalit aahe aanee tyachya bahutek sadarikarananmadhye pratibimbit hote. mahabharat yaa mahakavyat ajaikpad aanee ahee buddhanya yaa donhiche varnan rudra mhanoon kele aahe. julya devatanche vaishishtye sonyache palak mhanoon darshavili jaatat, kuber, devancha khajindar asato. kahee purananmadhye ajj, ekpad (ekpat) aanee ahirbudhya heey teen bhinn rudra mhanoon varnan kele aahe. ling puran' madhye dekhil ajaikpadache varnan rudra mhanoon kele aahe. bahutek prakarananmadhye shiv haah ajj-ekpadasah rudrancha shasak dev asato.
dakshin bharatatil bahutek mahattvachya shivmandiranmadhye, kiman eka khambavar koralelya, "kuthetari kinwa itar thikani" ekpad moorti aadhaltat. dakshin bharatat aadhalanari ekpad-trimurthy, tyanchya bhagwan shivala sarvoch dev mhanoon sthapit karnyasathi aanee vishnu aanee brahm tyachyapasun vikasit jhaale heey spasht karnyasathi shaiv (shivacha panth) yanche sampradayik dhyey darshavate. ashach prakarchya vaishnav (vishnucha panth) murtimadhye vishnu madhyavarti sthiteet asoon tyachya shariratoon shiv aanee brahm baher yet asalyache darshavile aahe. aahe eka vyakhyenusar, ekpad heey tivra tapashcharyetil shivache prateek aahe. aadarane naman karnare done tapasvi sevak tyachya tapasvi swabhavavar bharr detat. yaa drushtikonatun, ekpad heey tivra tapasvipana, ichcha kinwa vardan dene aanee tyag yanche prateek manale jaate."vishvakarma-shilp" madhye ekpad pujeche varnan bhautik anand dene asey kele aahe.
ekapad heey orissamadhil mandiranchya uttarekadil thikani duyyam devata ('avtar-devata') mhanoon disate, bahutekda mahishasuramardini deviche chitran chitran madhyavarti jagejaval. orisamadhye yaa pratima ajah-ekapada kinwa ajaikpada mhanoon olakhalya jaatat. orisamadhil sarvat pracheen ekpad moorti ii. sha. sha shatkatil aahet aanee tyaa 'chaityachya' praveshdvaravar kinwa saptamatruka devicha snrakshak-sevak mhanoon, bhairavcha eka pailu mhanoon dekhil aadhaltat. too orissamadhil bhairavancha sarvat lokpriy pailu aahe aanee tyachi upasana dekhil kapilik panthadvare kelee jaat asey. aandhra pradeshatil culling kalatil mandiranmadhye aadhalanari ekpad-moorti pratima shejarchya orisamadhil moorti pratibimbit karatat. orisamadhye, ekpad-bhairav hii moolatah tantrik devata aahe. tantrik grunth spashtapane tyala vaidik ajj ekpad, agni/agni, yadnya, vishvacha vaishvik stambh aanee saptamatrukanshi dekhil jodalelya yogini devi yanchyashi jodatat. saptamatrikancha snrakshak mhanoon, ekpad adhik bhayanak disu lagale, rakt-balidanachya rupandware aanee tyache chitran tantrik devi mandiranparyant maryadit hote. orisamadhye vaishnav dharmacha uday hott asatana, tyachi chitre durmil hott gelee. eka siddhantanusar, ekpadane jaganathachya lokpriy vaishnav pratimela prerana dilee asel, jee paay nasaleli parantu kambarechya khalee eka thokal asaleli devata aahe.
dakshin bharat aanee orisavyatirikt, rajsthan aanee nepalmadhyehi ekpadachya pratima kvachitach aadhaltat.

