
pruthvivaril prani

 sthaliy prani heey asey prani aahet jeey pramukhyane kinwa purnapane jaminivar rahatat (udaa.jee. manjari, kombadya, mungya, kolee), pramukhyane kinwa purnapane panyat rahana jalchar pranyanchya tulanet (udaa.jee. maase, lobster, aktopas) aanee ubhaychar, jeey jalchar aanee sthaliy adhivasanchya sanyogavar avalambun asatat (udaa.jee. bedook aanee neuts). kitakanche kahee gut heey bhujalavarache asatat, jase qee mungya, phulpakhare, kanatil viity, telgubindu, tide aanee itar anek, tarr itar gut anshatah jalchar asatat, jase qee daas aanee dragonfly, jeey tyanchya alyanchya tappyanmadhun panyat jaatat. jalchar pranyanpeksha sthaliy prani adhik vikasit aanee buddhiman asatat.
sthaliy varg.
pramukhyane zadanmadhye rahana vrukshavanshiy prajatinchya ulat, 'sthaliy' haah shabd samanyatah jaminivar rahana prajatinna lagoo hoto.
sthaliy pranyanchya vishisht gatanna lagoo honanya itar qamee samanya sandnya aaheth
vargikaran.
pruthvivaril aakraman hii jivanachya itihasatil sarvat mahattvachya ghatananpaiki eka aahe. anek pranyanchya vanshanmadhye sthaliy vanshaval vikasit jhaali, jyapaiki sandhipad, prushthavanshiy aanee molsk heey sthaliy pranyanchya adhik yashasvi gatanche pratinidhi aahet.
sthaliy prani eka ekikrut vansh tayar karat naheet; tyaeivaji, teey keval jaminivar rahatat hii vastusthiti samayik karatat. pranyanchya vividh gatanni jaljivanatun sthaliy jivanakade kelele sankraman anek vela swatantrapane aanee yashasviritya ghadale aahe. bahutek sthaliy vanshavali paleozoic aanee mesozoic darmyan saumya kinwa ushnakatibandhiy havamanat ugam pavalya, tarr kahee prani senozoic darmyan purnapane sthaliy jhaale.
antargat parjivi vagalalyas, sthaliy vatavaranatil mukt jiwant prajatinche pratinidhitva khaleel akra vanshadvare kele jaateh
goalkrumi, jatharkrumi, tardigrades, rotifers aanee sandhivat aanee analydschya kahee lahan prajati heey sookshm prani aahet jyat rahnyasathi panyachya pattyachi aavashyakta asate aanee mhanoon tyanna ardh-pruthvi manale jaate. sapat krumee, fitiche krumee, makhmali krumee aanee analyds heey serve qamee-adhik pramanat olsar adhivasanvar avalambun asatat. urvarit teen prajati, sandhivat, molsk aanee cordates, yaa sarvanmadhye asha prajati aahet jyaa koradya sthaliy vatavaranashi purnapane julavun ghetalya aahet aanee jyanchya jivanchakrat jalchar tappa nahee.
adachani.
pranyanchya prajatila 'sthaliy' kinwa 'jalchar' asey label lavane anekada aspasht asate aanee tee nirnayachi baab banate. sthaliy manale jaanare anek prani jivanchakrat asatat jeey anshatah panyat asanyavar avalambun asatat. pengwin, shikke aanee valaras jaminivar zopatat aanee samudrat khatat, tarihi teey serve sthaliy manale jaatat. anek keetak, udaa.jee. daas aanee serve sthaliy khekade tasech itar vanshanmadhye jaljivanache chakr asateh tyanchi undy panyat ghalane aanee futane aavashyak asate; ubavalyanantar, eka prarambhik jalchar roop asate, ektar apsara kinwa alya.
khekadyanchya prajati purnapane jalchar aahet, khekadyanchya prajati ubhaychar aahet aanee khekadyanchya prajati sthaliy aahet. fiddler khekadyanna 'ardh-sthaliy' mhanatat kaaran teey chikhalyukt tharamadhye khadde tayar karatat, jyakade teey unch bharatichya velee mage hatatat. jevha bharati sampate, tevha fiddler khekade samudrakinaryavar annacha shodh ghetat. molaskachya babatitahi hetch kharey aahe. anek shekado gastropod prajati aanee prajati, udaharanarth, "truncatela" sarkhya madhyavarti paristhitit rahatat. kahee pittakosh asalele jatharpitt jaminivar rahatat aanee itar fuffus asalele panyat rahatat.
tasech purnapane sthaliy aanee purnapane jalchar prani, anek seema reshechya prajati aahet. yaa prajatinna label kase lavayache heey tharvanyasathi sarvatrikpane swikarlele nikash naheet, tyamule kahee niyuktya vadgrast aahet.
sthaliy panarthropods.
jivashma puravyanvarun asey disun aale aahe qee, bahudha sandhipad asalelya samudri pranyanni, sumare 53 kotee varshanpurvi, cambrianchya suruvatichya kalat, pahilyanda jaminivar aakraman karnyas suruvat kelee. tathapi, pranyanni tyaa kalat jaminivar vishvasarhpane jaganyas suruvat kelee yavar vishvas thevanyache farse kaaran nahee. eka adhik sambhavya gruhitak asey aahe qee koradya jaminivar utaranyasathi yaa suruvatichya sandhivat pranyanchi prerana sangopan karane (aadhunik ghodyachya nalyatil khekade karatat tase) kinwa shikari pranyanchya aavakyabaher undy ghalane hii hotee.
sandhivatanchya teen gatanni cambrianchya shevataparyant swatantrapane jaminishi julavun ghetale hoteh myriapod, hexapod aanee arachnid. usheera ordovicianparyant, teey purnapane sthaliy jhaale asateel. sandhivatanche itar gut aahet, jeey serve malacostracken crustatians aahet, jeey nantarchya kalat swatantrapane sthaliy banleh woodliss, sandhoppers aanee sthaliy khekade. yavyatirikt, onicophora (makhmali krumee) heey bhagini panarthropadden gut dekhil sthaliy aahet, tarr utardigrada dekhil kahee pramanat jaminisathi anukool aahet; donhi gut bahudha suruvatichya devonian kalat tase jhaale asateel. 
sandhivatanmadhye, copepods aanee emphipods aanee biyane kolambi yasarkhe anek sookshm crustatian gut korade jhalyavar supt houu shakatat aanee panyachya kshanik sansthanmadhye rahoo shakatat.
prushthavanshiy sthaliyakaran.
andaje 375 dashalaksh varshanpurviparyant haah hadancha massa uthal kinarpatti/daldalichya panyat (jase qee "tiktalik gulab") jivanasathi sarvat changlya prakare julavun ghetala. tulanene majboot, snayuyukt hatpay (jeey bahudha vajan-sahan karnare hote, tyamule teey atyant uthal panyat paramparik pankhanpeksha eka pradhanya paryay banale) aanee gila, "tiktalik" aanee tyasarkhya pranyanchya sanyogane astitvat asalelya fuffusanna dhanyavad. carboniferasmadhye, tetrapod (tyanchya gathee gamavane) purnapane sthaliy jhaale, jyamule tyancha bahutek sthaliy thikani vistar houu shakala, jaree nantar kahee jalchar honyas parat yeteel aanee havah dekhil jinkatil.
sthaliy jatharpitte.
gastropod molsk heey sarvat yashasvi pranyanpaiki eka aahe, jyanni purnapane sthaliy adhivasamadhye vividhata aanali aahe. tyanni nauhoon adhik vanshanmadhye sthaliy varg vikasit keela aahe. tyanna samanyatah jaminivaril gogalgay aanee garud asey sambodhale jaate.
gastropod molaskache sthaliy aakraman neritopsina, cyclophoroidia, littorinoidia, resooidia, alobiodia, onkidioidiya, veronicaloidia, seusineodia aanee stylomatophora yethe jhaale aahe aanee visheshtah, pratyek neritopsina, resooidia aanee alobiodia yanni bahudha ekapeksha jaast vela bhoo aakraman sadhya kele aahe.
bahutek sthaliyakaranachya ghatana paleozoic kinwa mesozoic darmyan ghadalya aahet. senozoic kalat vikasit jhalelya anek purnapane sthaliy aanee epiphonal vanshavalinmule gastropods visheshtah adviteey aahet. trancatelidae, asyminidae aanee pomatiopsidae yaa resooidian kutumbatil kahee sadasyanni senozoic kalat jameen midvinyasathi vasahat kelee asalyache manale jaate. bahutek truncatalid aanee asymminid gogalgay ubhaycharpane kharya panyapasoon pelagic bhagaparyantchya aantarjaliy aanee atijaliy kshetranmadhye rahatat. asha purvajanpasun pruthvivaril vanshaval vikasit jhaali asavi. resooidian gastropod kutumb pomatiopsidae haah keval japani dweepsamuhatil senozoikchya uttaradhat purnapane sthaliy vargikaran vikasit jhalelya kahee gatanpaiki eka aahe. japani pometiopsidae madheel done japani sthanik vanshanmadhye jalchar jivanatoon sthaliy jivanakade kiman donada badal jhaale aanee teey myoseenchya uttaradhat suru jhaale.
gastropodchya sumare eka trutiyansh prajati sthaliy aahet. sthaliy adhivasanmadhye tyanna tapman aanee panyachya upalabdhatemadhye dainandin aanee hangami badalancha samna karava lagato. vividh adhivasanmadhye vasahat nirman karnyat tyanche yash heey panyachya upalabdhateshi sharirik, vartanukishi nigadit aanee aakarshastriy rupantar, tasech ionic aanee aushnik santulan yamule aahe. teey pruthvivaril bahutek adhivasanshi julavun ghetale aahet. gogalgayanche kavach calcium carbonetpasoon tayar kele jaate, parantu aamleey matitahi kavach nasalelya gavatanchya vividh prajati aadhaltat. zerocrasa seatzeny aanee sphincterochila boisieri yasarkhya jaminivaril nakhe dekhil valvantat rahatat, jithe tyanna ushnata aanee shushkatecha samna karava lagato. sthaliy jatharpitt heey pramukhyane shakahari prani aahet aanee keval kahee gut mansahari aahet. mansahari jatharpitt samanyatah itar gastropod prajati kinwa tyach prajatichya kamkuvat vyaktinna khatat; kahee keetak alya kinwa gandool khatat.
ardh-pruthvivaril prani.
ardh-sthaliy prani heey sthool prani aahet jeey bharbharatisathi atishay olsar vatavaranavar avalambun asatat, teey kharey sthaliy prani aanee jaleey prani yanchyatil sankramankalin bindu manale jaau shakatat. prushthavanshi pranyanmadhye, ubhaycharanmadhye heey vaishishtya olsar vatavaranavar avalambun asate aanee panyat punarutpadan kartana tyanchya olsar tvachedvare shwas ghetat.
itar anek prani gatanmadhye keval asha prakarche sthaliy prani rahatatah jaminivaril samtol, jaminivaril fitiche krumee, goalkrumi (sutrakrumi) aanee jaminivaril analyds (clitellets) jeey atishay adim aahet aanee tvachedvare shwas ghetat.
clitelet kinwa sthaliy analyds heey anek adviteey sthaliy rupantar darshavtat, visheshtah tyanchya punarutpadanachya paddhatinmadhye, teey tyanchya sagari natevaik, bristalvarmpeksha sope asatat, jyat nantarchya anek jatil upangancha abhav asato.
makhmali krumee tyanchya tvachedvare shwas ghetalyamule nahee tarr tyanchya sarpilanmule nirjalikaranapasun sanrakshn karnyat aksham asalyamule, cliteletsasarkhe teey vyapak sthaliy rupantar aanee jiwant janmanantar tyanchya sagari natevaikanpeksha farak darshavtat.
geoplankton.
anek prani tatpuratya, anekada sookshm jaal aanee aadratechya sansthanmadhye bharbharatine sthaliy vatavaranat rahatat, yamadhye rotifers aanee gastrotrich yancha samavesh hoto, jeey koradya vatavaranat varshanuvarshe tikoon rahnyas saksham asaleli lavchik undy ghalatat aanee jyapaiki kahee swatah supt houu shakatat. sutrakrumi samanyatah yaa jivanshailisaha sukshmadarshi asatat. jaree utardigradesche ayurman fakt kahee mahinyanche asale taree teey koradya kinwa pratikool paristhitit nilambit animationmadhye pravesh karoo shakatat aanee anek dashake jagoo shakatat, jyamule tyanna vadhanyasathi aanee punarutpadan karnyasathi panyachi aavashyakta asoonahi sthaliy vatavaranat sarvavyapi rahoo shakate. copepods aanee emphipods aanee biyane kolambi yasarkhe anek sookshm crustatian gut korade jhalyavar supt hotat aanee panyachya kshanik bhaganmadhye dekhil rahatat.
sandarbh.
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