maltamadhil gulamgiri

bhoomadhya samudrachya aaspaschya anek deshanmadhye jase hote tasech, maltamadhye gulamgiri astitvat hotee aanee pracheen kalapasoon aadhunik kalachya suruvatiparyant tee olakhali jaat hotee. hii vyavastha hospitler rajvatit tyachya shikharavar pohochali, jevha tee abhootpurv pramanat aalee, mukhytah orderchya gallysathi tasech itar khrishchan deshansathi gally gulam pradan karnyasathi. ghodyanchya aarthik lashkari vyavasthecha kanaa asalelya vyapari chhapyanni hii vyavastha tikavoon thevanyas madat kelee, anshatah lashkari tafa rakhanyasathi gulamanchi magani nirman karoon, parantu yuddhe jinkley gelee tevha muslim kaidyanchya oghamulehi. asha prakare malta heey khrishchan europemadhil gulamgiriche kendra banale. 16 juuna 1798 roji malties dweepsamuhavar aakraman kartana napolean bonapartne maltamadhye gulamgiri radd kelee.
1530 purvi.
maltamadhil gulamgiri pracheen kalapasoon suru hote. dweepsamuhatil serve kramik shaktinni romananpasoon byzantine, arab, sisiliyanparyant, maltachya kramanusar nites hospitallerparyant gulam majuricha vapar keela.
madhyayugeen kalachya akheris, samudri chachyanni, genoise aanee malties yanni tyanchya luteet manvi kaidyanchi bharr ghatali, heey lock anekada krishna africi gulam hote. bhoomadhya samudra samudra yaa prakarchya darodekhorancha sarav keela jaat asey.
malties dastaivajanmadhye dastaivajanmadhye aanee aanee shatkat gharguti gulamanchya upasthiticha ahwal aahe. udaharanarth, catherina navachya greek gulamachi sutka 23 janewari 1324 roji adhikrut aadeshadvare karnyat aalee hotee. tathapi, asey disate qee 1530 purvi, bahutansh gharguti gulam heey krishna africi hote, jyanna uttar africi lokanni tyanchya pradeshachya dakshin simevar pakadale hote. pandharavya shatkachya akheris, asey gulam madinachya shrimant kutumbanmadhye aadhaltat, parantu grameen bhagat aanee gojot dekhil aadhaltat, udaharanarth jevha pujari pitru mannara yane tyacha gulam farha eka sahkari deshbandhvanna vikala. gulamancha betavar aagman jhalyanantar tyancha baptisma hoil ashee nehmichi pratha hotee.
adhikrut krutinmadhye, gulamanna tyanchi bhoomika, tyanche mool kinwa tyanchya dharmanusar niyukt kele jaat asey. asha prakare tyanna 'kasanatiki' (gharguti gulam) kinwa 'scavi edd usum magazeni'; 'ethiops', 'sylvestry', 'mauri', 'gracy'; kinwa 'saraseni', 'christiani' kinwa 'judei' asey naav dile jaau shakate. gharguti kamanchya palikade tyanna bandhkam kinwa bhudrushya nirmitisathi dekhil niyukt kele jaau shakate.
kadachit manvi natesambandhanvar avalambun, mukti hii tulanene samanya pratha hotee. mukt jhalela gulam sahasa tyanchya majee malakache naav ghet asey, konatyahi sandigdhatepasun door rahnyasathi tyachya utpattiche chinh jodat aseh udaharanarth, heey samajale jaeel qee franciscus dii vacarochi muktata vacaro kutumbane kelee hotee kinwa georgious dii mazarrachi muktata mazarra kutumbane kelee hotee.
shoorviranni jaree vishishtata midvanyasathi hii pratha maryadit karnyacha prayatna keela, taree tyanchya aagmananantar hii khajgi gulamgiri gulamgiri kaal chaloo rahili. 16 vya shatkapasoon hii vyavastha gulamgirila tyachya ferivalyanchya garajekade valavanar hotee.
gulamanchi loksankhya.
gulam sankhya.
mukhyatve aine broginichya kamatoon ghetale aaheh
ling aanee vay.
maltamadhye kaam karnare bahusankhya gulam asey purush hote jeey gallinchya tivra tanala hatalu shakat hote. maltamadhil chaukashidarmyan, keval 10 takke gulam mahila hotya, jyaa pramukhyane gharguti kamanvar kaam karat hotya. tathapi, uttar aafrikechya aafrikechya hallyanna mahila aanee mule balee padoo shakatat.
maltamadhil chaukashidarmyan nondani kelelya gulamanvyatirikt gulamanche nemke vay kvachitach dnyat aahe. aahe shatkatil abhyasanchya malikanni sarasari vay 31 nishchit kele.
gulam mool.
sumare 80 takke gulam muslim kinwa jyoo hote. tyanna anekada lashkari sangharshadarmyan aadeshadvare aanee nantar samudri chachyanchya chhapyandarmyan pakadale gele. muslim gulam heey mukhyatve turk, muur kinwa jangali samudri daku hote-tasech maryadit sankhyene up-sahara african hote. levent, aegean bete, roads, crate kinwa venis yethoon jyoo aale hote.
sumare 20 takke khristi hote, jeey greece, madhya purv kinwa madhya europemadhun aale hote aanee tyanchya tabyat ghenyachya velee aadhich gulam asavet. gulamgiritun mukt honyapurvi tyanna tyancha dharm siddha karava lagel, parantu teey gulamahi rahile asateel. kalantarane aanee garajenusar aanee tharavalyapramane, greekanna pakadale gele aanee 'matbhedvadi' mhanoon kinwa teey turkanshi vyapar kartil yaa bahanyane gulamgirit thewale gele.
yaa gatat naveen, majee dharmantarit muslim (tyanna dharmantarasathi mukt karnyat aale navhate), tasech jyanni aadhich tyancha vishvas badalala hota asha bandkhoranchahi samavesh hota.
tyanchya aagmananantar.
samudratoon samudratoon serve pravashanpramanech, kaidyanni tyanche vilgikaran jahajavar kinwa manoel betachya lazaretomadhye ghalavale. tyanantar tyanche ling, tyanche vay, tyanchi takad, heey serve guna tyanchya bajarbhavanusar mojale jaat asatana tyanchi chachani ghenyat aalee. jarr gulamanna aadeshachya jahajane pakadale asel tarr shoorvir tyanchi sambandhit gantavye tharavatatah gally, gharguti seva, bhetvastu kinwa vikri. jarr tyanna parvanadharak jahajane pakadale asate, tarr capton tyala awadel tashee shillak rakkam nikali kadhanyapurvi orderchi eka vishisht takkewari deil. gulam hii tyanchya malakachi ekoon malmatta manali jaat asey.
jyanna adyap nishchit malak sapadalela navhata tyanna nyayprasadasamor, 'sann georgio' chaukavar (aaj 'mishra sann gorag' mhanoon olakhale jaate) asalelya valetta yetheel sarvajanik gulam bajarat nenyat aale.
udaharanarth, 1660 chya sumaras, 700 hoon adhik gulam utarale, jyapaiki 538 lokanna eka purushasathi sarasarichya, mhanje, malties 'ekas' kinwa 'scoody' chya, aanee eka strisathi 159 'ekas' chya, sarasari kimmatila twarit vikale gele. niyam shatkachya suruvatiparyant kimmati vadhalya, nantar magani qamee hott asatana sthir hott, visheshtah mahan shaktinni (french naudalat sumare 1750 madhye) gally visarjit karane suru thevalyane, jaree maltamadhye tyancha vapar suru rahila tarihi.
vividh karye.
bahusankhya gulam yaa aadeshache hote. teey anek prakaranmadhye vibhagale gele hote, jyat sarvat majboot gallysathi niyat hote, tarr itar jaminivar rahile aanee shoorviranche sevak, swayampaki aanee kamgar mhanoon gharguti sevet kaam karat hote.
pratyek swatantra manus bajarat gulam vikat gheu shakat asalyane khajgi gulamgirihi kayam rahili. heey gulam gharguti kinwa shetichya kamasathi niyat hote. khajgi gulamgiricha haah prakar aadeshadvare pratibandhit rahila (sampoorn kalavadhisathi sumare 200 gulamanchi sankhya).
maltamadhil gulamanna purnapane lock mhanoon vastunishtha kele gele, 1724 chya dand sanhitet samavisht kelyapramane tyanche vikri karnyayogya vastunmadhye rupantar karnyat aale.
hospitler niyam.
niyam shatkat maltamadhye anek muslim mahila gulam hotya. gulam mhanoon tyanchya darjamule tyanna bheeti vatali asey disat nahee aanee kahinni tyanchya swatachya malvyansah malties mahilanshi ughadpane bhandale kinwa tyancha upman keela asey olakhale jaate.
bandkhori.
1531 chaa bund.
29 juuna 1531 roji maltamadhye aurder kvachitach eka mahinyasathi hotee. 16 gulamanni seent killyachya tatabanditun pall kadhala. engelo aanee nantar turunganchi daare ughadali aanee rakshakanchi hatya kelee. eka chhotya ladhainantar, kaara same ett kaara mustafa navachya done netyancha mrutyu jhaala aanee tyanche mrutdeh bhavya bandarachya praveshdvaravar, tevhapasoon 'panta dele forche' kinwa 'gallo point' mhanoon olakhalya olakhalya jaminichya pattyavar (jithe nantar rikasoli killa bandhala gela), pikeswar ughadpane thewale gele. jaree abhilekhanmadhye yaa bandacha ullekh nasla taree aadeshat 1531 madhye gulam turung bandhanyacha nirnay ghenyat aala. yaa ghatanechi aathvan gulamankade rahili asel kaaran bandachya vardhapan dinachya divashi tyanche visheshtah nirikshan kele jaat hote.
yaa bandkhoricha ullekh aadeshachya abhilekhanmadhye nahee aanee tyachi satyata vadgrast aahe. heey keval giacomo bosiyochya likhanatoonach dnyat aahe.
1596 chaa bund.
dusra dnyat bund februwari 1596 madhye jhaala aanee too jawaljawal purnapane abhilekhanmadhye lapvoon thevalyamule alikadeparyant tyacha shodh lagla navhata. anek gulamanni achanak valetta aanee sitta vittoriosa yetheel tyanchya turungat parat jaanyas nakar deela. teey valetachya darvajanchya chavya tabyat ghenyat yashasvi jhaale aanee ughadi daare sodoon paloon gele. teey malties grameen bhagat pohochale, jithe teey betavarun paloon jaanyasathi jahajachya shodhat kahee divas firat hote, vatet bhetalelya gulamanna ekatra aananyacha prayatna kelyashivay nahee. paloon gelelya lokanna akheris pakadanyat aale aanee tyancha nishedh karnyat aala.
yaa ghatanene aadeshachya kendrasthani eka aparishkrut bhavna nirman kelee, keval turungatil suraksha ullanghananmule nahee tarr ratri shaharachya darvaje ughadalyamule. haah prasang aaghatkarak hota kaaran tyat tyat mothya vedhyapasun eka vedepana asalelya sanghatit ottoman hallyasathi betachi asurakshitata darshavili gelee hotee. betavar betavar gulamanchya vadhatya sankhyedvare sadar kelelya suraksha samasyanchi jaaniv dekhil disun aalee, jyanni sambhavya samarthan manale, naveen islamik hallyansathi trojan horse sadar keela. keela katane yaa dhokyache vastav siddha kele.
grand master martin garzezne tabadtob turunganvaril palat thevanyache aadesh dile. 1602 pasoon, tyacha uttaradhikari, alof dii wignacourt yane maltamadhil gulamanchya vyavasthapanachya naveen niyamanashi sambandh prasthapit keela. yaa tappyapasoon, aadeshachya thet dekharekhikhali asalelya chhotya rakmanvyatirikt, gulamanna pagarachya kamat kinwa vyaparat guntane shakya navhate. gulamanna rahanyachi jaaga dekhil bhadyane deta yet navhati. sampoorn 17 vya shatkat kahee badalansah haah niyam suru raheel.
1749 chaa bund.
1749 madhye, gulamanchya madhyamatoon maltamadhye satta kabij karnyachya aashene eka vilakshan cutt rodschya pashane udhalala, jyanna alikadech tyachya galiveril bandanantar pakadale gele hote. maltamadhye tyala midalelya mahan swatantryamule, maltavar vijay midvinyasathi eka dharmik utsavadarmyan grand master manuel pinto daa fonseca aanee anek shoorviranchi hatya karnyachya cutt rachanyachya bhovati anek muslim gulamanna ekatra aananyat too yashasvi jhaala. 22 juuna 1749 roji niyojit asalelya tyachya fashipurvi haah cutt sapadala hota. mahamahimchya kholitil nokrisah 200 hoon adhik gulamanvar khatala chalavala gela aanee tyanna fashi denyat aalee. pasha constantinopulkade parat pathvanyat aala. gulamanvar dekhrekh aanakhi vadhavanyat aalee.
nirmulan.
1798 madhye frenchanchya maltachya tabyat asatana gulamgiri radd karnyat aalee aanee nantar maltachya mukut vasahatidarmyan yachee pushti jhaali.

