halobius abiatis

hylobius abiatis kinwa mothe devdarche ghendu heey curculionidae kutumbatil eka bhring aahe. hii prajati european lagvaditil sarvat vyavsayikdrushtya mahattvachya shankuchya zadachi sarvat mahattvachi keetak mhanoon mothya pramanavar manali jaate. spasht kapanichya shastrakriyenantar lavalelya kinwa naisargik punarjanan (ankurit biyane-padane) mule udbhavalelya ropanna visheshtah dhoka asato. praudh kutre, khodachya 'collar' chya bhovati ropanchi saal khallyane nuksan karatat, asha prakare zadachya ropanna 'ring-barking' karatat jyamule sahasa tyacha mrutyu hoto.
varnan.
praudh kubadya andaje lambichya asatat (choch/nakanshivay) aanee tyanchya elitra varr aniyamit ranganmadhye vyavasthit kelelya pivalya kinwa halakya tapkiri kesanchya pattyansah gadad tapkiri rangachya asatat. paay kaale kinwa khol laal asatat aanee femora aanee tibiyachya shevati eka vishisht daat asato. 
purn vadhalele alya heey, kavalyansathi vaishishtyapurn, apodial, vakr asatat aanee tapkiri dokyasah pandhare asatat.
vartan.
praudh heey varshbhar aadhalu shakatat, jaree teey sahasa hivalyachya thund mahinyant suptavasthet asatat.
punarutpadan karnyasathi tayar asalele naveen praudh, konifarchya tajya kapalelya stumpkade aakarshit hotat. undy jaminikhali, jaad mulanmadhye kinwa tyanchya aaspaschya matimadhye ektyane (divasatoon eka kinwa done) jamaa kelee jaatat. devdaravaril mothe kavale ghran sanketancha vapar karoon atishay achookpane khodanyasathi jaminivar thipke shodhu shakatat. samagamahi sahasa jamineet hote.
paripakv honyasathi, praudh rope aanee tarun shankuchya zadachi saal aanee floem khatat, parantu kahivela panzadi zaade dekhil khatat, jyamule tivra vaadh qamee hote, khod vikrutee hotat aanee mrutyudar vadhato. asha prakare, bhukhand saaf kelyanantar aanee naveen rope lavlyanantarchya varshanmadhye, mothya sankhyene sankhyene praudhanna plaig houu shakato.
mothya devdarchya vitichi krutrimaritya falit zadanvar, visheshtah phosphorus falit zadanvar hallah karanyachi pravrutti asate, jyamule vitisathi floemcha adhik paushtik darja nirman hoto kinwa vegane vegane vitisathi adhik aakarshak vanaspati banatat.
jivanchakra.
vasant rutumadhye, suptavasthenantar, jangalatil jangalatil jamineet, maadee aajari kinwa navyane kapalelya zadanchya mulanvar, tyat kinwa tyanchya jawal undy ghalatat. eka maadee tichya aayushyat 100 undy ghaloo shakate. alya 2 kinwa 3 aathvadyannantar ubatat aanee salakhali khatat, gallery khodatat aanee sampoorn vikas karatat, aanee papanichya kessah sampatat, jyamule praveshika bhusene bund hote. pupa sthir, rangane malai aanee mauu sharirache asatat. haah tappa 2 kinwa 3 aathvade chalato, jyanantar keetak praudh jhalyavar kakshatoon baher padato.
anukool havamanamule sampoorn vikas chaar teey paach mahine tikato. andashay april kinwa meey mahinyat hoto, tyamule august kinwa septembermadhye vivils baher yetat, parantu hivalyanantarparyant laingikdrushtya sakriy nasatat.
imago done teey teen varshe jagato, jyaa darmyan too pudhil hangamat punarutpadit hoto.
thund hangamat alyancha vikas jaast kaal hoto aanee nantar sampoorn chakr baaraa mahine chalate, parinami teey imagos lavkar punarutpadan karnyas saksham asatat.
dvivarshik pidhimadhye heey dekhil samanya aahe, jyadvare meey mahinyat dilelya andyanpasun alya ubatat, sampoorn hangamat hivalyat jagatat aanee pudhchya varshi julai kinwa augustmadhye imago disun yeto.
nuksan.
mukhya nuksan heey saal aanee cambium khanare praudhanmule hote. imago sampoorn vadhichya hangamat khato, parantu visheshtah tivra halle april-meey (vasant rutucha hallah) aanee august teey september (sharad rututil hallah) paryant pahile jaatat. 
kapani saaf qaraa, tyanantar jaadya fandya jaalane kinwa kadhoon takane aanee stump kitkanchya pasarnyas anukool aahet.
niyantranat thewa.
kitakanashake (pramukhyane ropanchi aavaran) etch pasoon sanrakshn pratyaropanachi pramukhyane vaparali jaanari paddhat pradan karatat. abayatisamule nuksan hote. aata naisargik parajivinchya vaparasarkhya itar paddhatincha vichar keela jaat aahe. kahee europeey deshanmadhye ropanchya bhautik adthalyancha dekhil vapar keela jaato.
sapala aanee loksankhya dadapun takane.
100 varshanhun adhik kaal, samanyatah kharab parinamansah, bibatyachi sankhya dadapanyache vividh marg vaparoon pahile jaat aahet. yapaiki kahee tantre ajunahi eka tarr bibatyachya loksankhyevar laksh thevanyachi sadhane mhanoon upayukt aahet. stumpche debecking heey eka ghagra dadapanyache tantra mhanoon dekhil kele jaat hote, parantu aata teey kashtache aanee akaryaksham mhanoon sodoon dile jaate.
sylvicultural pratiuttar upay.
devdaratil vivhilchi samasya saaf-saaf kapanichya aanee lagvadichya pratheshi khoop sambandhit aahe. naisargik punarutpadanamadhye devdaratil vivhilchya samasya lagvadipeksha qamee asatat asey darshavnare spasht purave aahet. jethe tyacha sarav keela jaau shakato asha thikani hylobiusche nuksan talhanyasathi naisargik punarjanan heey anekada eka changle dhoran asate, parantu june spruce stand bahutekda asthir asatat aanee tyamule naisargik punarjanan dhokadayak asate.
jaivik niyantran.
vividh naisargik shatru jangalat aparipakv aanee praudh devdarchya vitivar hallah karatat. naisargik shatrunmadhye shikari bhring, burshi marnare keetak, sookshm keetak marnare keede (entomapathogenic nematodes) aanee parjivi tantu, "bracken highloby" yancha samavesh hoto. jaminivaril bhring, sutrakrumi aanee burshi aparipakv aanee praudh asha donhi prakarchya vikhari pranyanna maroo shakatat. parjivi tantu keval devdarchya alyach hallah karatat.
burshi "tarrichium highloby" (entomophthorails kramvaritun) haah visheshtah check prajasattakat "hylobius abiatis" chaa rogkarak aahe.
entomathogenic nematodes heey sookshmakrumi aahet jeey keval kitakanna maratat. steinernmatiday aanee heterorhabidae yaa kutumbatil sutrakrumincha vapar keetak kitkanmadhye kitkanmadhye anek matinvar jaivik kitakanashake mhanoon keela jaato. prayogshala aanee kshetra sanshodhanane heey dakhavun dile aahe qee 'etch' chey alya, puple aanee praudh tappe. yaa sutrakruminsathi 'abitis' sanvedanshil asatat. yaulat, parjivi tantu "buub". highloby, "keval" etch "chya alya avasthela marte. abitis.  entomathogenic nematodes aanee "buub" chey jivanchakra. highloby 'tyanchya yajmananshi changlya prakare julavun ghetale jaatat aanee donhi' etch 'shodhanyat, sankramit karnyat aanee maranyat saksham asatat. zadachya thokyachya lapalelya vatavaranat 'abiatis'. (julia brixy yanni lihilele 'hylobius abiatis' chey nuksan qamee karnyasathi jaivik niyantranachi kshamata) 
1994 madhye, mothya hallyamule, 20 hectormadhye 1 takke metoxichloro prabhavit jhalyane, asturiamadhye (spain) upchar karnyat aale. parinam changla hota, parantu samasya purnapane sodavali gelee nahee.

