
philobiblon

philobiblan haah 1345 madhye tyachya mrutyuchya kahee kaal aadhi madhyayugeen granthlekhak richard dii grebney lihilelya pustakanche sampadan, jatan aanee sanghatan karnyababat nibandhancha sangrah aahe. 'philobiblian' chaa uddesh 'pustakanmadhye asalelya shikshanachya pathpuravyala protsahan dene; tyanchyavar kharch kelela vel aanee paisa [dii grabe] nyayya tharvane; aanee granthalay chalvanyasathi vyavharik sallah dene haah hota. tyaa kalatil prathepramane, lattin bhashet lihilele, teey vees adhyayanmadhye vibhagale gele aahe, pratyek adhyayat pustak sankalanashi sambandhit bhinn vishay samavisht aahet.
philobiblon' chaa kharaa lekhak 'daad grabe' hota qee nahee yababat vaad hota. bishapche swatache charitrakar, chambress yanni daad briefchya charitrat pustakacha ullekh karnyas ajibat durlaksh kelyamule haah vaad suru jhaala. anekanna vatale qee daad grabeche padri, robbert holkote heey lekhak aahet aanee asey ghadale yache thos purave aahet. tathapi, aaj bahutek tadnya sahmat aahet qee heey kaam daphan aahe, pramukhyane pustakachya prakatikaran aanee aatmacharitratmak swarupamule.
parshvabhoomi.
eka vidvanachya matey, 'philobiblon' haah granthalayachya vyavasthapanachya vishayavaril sarvat pradirgh kaal astitvat asalelya madhyayugeen granthanpaiki eka aahe."tyat mahavidhyalayatil vidyarthyanmadhye prasar niyantranasathichya paddhati, kahee vela prabhavi bund-sanch pranaliaivaji khulya sanchancha vapar yasarkhya anek navkalpana aahet. pandharavya shatkatil vidvananni tyacha varanvar ullekh keela. khristache anukaran' yaa bhakti pustakache lekhak thomas kempis yanni tyanchya eka kamasathi 'philobiblan' chaa sampoorn adhyay udhar ghetala aanee mathos hummel yanni freeberg vidyapithachya udghatanachya velee tyatoon vachala.
philobiblon" madhye baybalachya vulgate aavrutticha itka varanvar sandarbh deela aahe qee yaa uddharanancha sampoorn pustakacha andaje chaudavya bhag aahe.
daad grebchya varshabaddal, 'philobiblan' baddal asey mhatale gele hoteh 'jyaa vyaktila pustakanvar itake qamee prem hote asha yugat aanee deshat pustakanvar itake prem hote, tyache heey ekmev smarak aahe."
granthasuchi.
moolatah 1345 madhye lihilele 'philobiblon' tevhapasoon anek vela chhapale gele aahe. pahili chhapai 1473 madhye kolonmadhye, dusari 1483 madhye spearmadhye aanee nantar 1500 madhye parismadhye tisari. 1599 madhye englandmadhye punha thomas james, bodaliche granthapal yanni chhapanyapurvi jawaljawal shambhar varshe nighun gelee. nantar tee punha 1610,1614 aanee 1674 madhye germanymadhye chhapali gelee. yaa aavrutya 1473 chya mool collon aavruttivar avalambun hotya. nantar, 1703 madhye, jeey. yanni tee chhapali. aaa. granthalayanvaril eka granthasathi purak mhanoon schmitt. tyanantar 1832 madhye teey adnyatpane ingerjit chhapale gele. nantar, lattin majkurasah eka french anuvad 1856 madhye prakashit jhaala. too 1861 madhye americet pahilyanda chhapala gela. 1888 pasoon, too jawaljawal vees vela punarmudran karnyat aala aahe. 1888 chee aavrutti (londonh kegan paul, trench, andd company.) heey ernest see. chey kaam hote. thomsney 15 varshe haah grunth tayar karnyat aanee tyacha ingerjit anuvad karnyat ghalavali. 1902 madhye alekzandar mooring yanni tyacha anuvad londonmadhye punha prakashit keela.
adhyayanchi yadee.
prastavna
saransh.
prastavna
prastavnamadhye, daad bire heey pustak lihinyasathi qaa aanee kase aale yache bharbharatichya bhashet varnan karate, jyacha shevat asha prakare hotoh
aanee haah grunth (vees adhyayanmadhye vibhagalela) pustakambaddal aamhala asalele prem atirekipanachya aaropatoon spasht karel, aaplya tivra bhakticha uddesh spasht karel aanee aaplya upkramachya serve paristhitinche prakashapeksha adhik spashtapane varnan karel. aanee teey pramukhyane pustakanchya premache varnan karat asalyane, aamhi pracheen romananchya shailinusar tyala greek shabd philobiblonne naav denyas nivadle aahe.
adhyay 1: shahanpanacha khajina pramukhyane pustakanmadhye aahe
"libris mortuos ardh-vivos inveniomadhye"
pahilya adhyayat, dnyan aanee shahanpan pustakanmadhye pidhyanpidhya kase hastantarit kele jaate heey daad bire spasht karate. "mallah mrutanna pustakanmadhye teey jiwant asalyasarkhe aadhalate; pustakanmadhye mallah yenanya goshti disatat; pustakanmadhye yuddhasadrush goshti pudhe nirdeshit kelya jaatat; pustakanmadhun shantateche niyam samore yetat".
2. pustakanmule yogyaritya kitee pramanat prem milate
"liborumla heey sharirik swaroop aavashyak aahe."
adhyay 2 madhye sampatti, satya aanee prem yanchyatil natesambandh aanee tinhi pustakanshi kase sambandhit aahet yache varnan kele aahe. "mhanoon joou konee satyacha, aanandacha, buddhicha kinwa dnyanacha, agadi shraddhecha dekhil utkat asalyacha dawa karato, tyane pustakancha premi hone aavashyak aahe."
3. pustake kharedi kartana kitee kimmat mojaychi yacha aapan kaay vichar karayacha?
"nalam videlisate deber charistium hominem impedire abb emption lobrorum"
adhyay 3 madhye, dii barej assa yuktivad karato qee pustakache moolya teey tayar karnyasathi lagananya kharchachya palikade asate. tyaeivaji, too assa yuktivad karato qee joparyant too qamee kimmatit kharedi karoo shakat nahee toparyant kharedidarala parvadel tevadhich pustakachi kimmat asavi. daphan karnyasathi, pustakanmadhye shahanpan aanee satya asate aanee mhanoon, teey serve vajvi kimmatit kharedi kele pahijet. "[aine] kimmatichya mahatta mule mansala pustake kharedi karnyapasoon rokhale pahije".
4. padrinviruddha pustakanchya takrari aadhich prachar kelya gelya
"caterum ayam dii clarisis, kyu sunut vasa virtuities, lokwamur."
philobiblon' madheel sarvat pradirgh adhyayanpaiki eka, adhyay 4, pustakanshi aanee tyanchyat asalelya buddhishi tiraskarane vagna lipic aanee padrincha upman karnyas suruvat karato. pustakachya yogya binduvarun lihilele (5 teey 7 adhyayanpramane), teey mhanatat qee "tumhi aadhi gruheet dharalelya devache praman sodoon choranche sathidar banata."tyanantar teey pudhe jaaun, jeey dharmaguru sadgunanche patra aahet, tyanche varnan pustakanche kautuk karnare asey karatat. "shevati, sahityachya dnyanadvare, aamhi padri, bishop, cardinals aanee pope yanchi sthapana karato, jenekarun charchchya padanukramatil serve goshti yogyaritya nikali kadhalya jaau shaktil". yethe, daad breeb heey kabool karat aahe qee catholic church aanee englandmadhil anek padrinna anek varshanpasun gair-dharmik pustakanvar, visheshtah greek abhijat pustakanvar, jyancha "murtipujak" manla jaat asey, avishvas hota.
5. malkidharkanviruddha pustakanchi takrar
"daad koram laboribus hody inn plerisk bhavya monasterius illah sacra gazophilasia, cherubisis libris plena."
5 vya adhyayat, mathanchya aadeshanni ghetalelya dishene daad briig vilap karato. purvichya kalat, bhikshu tyanchya pustakanvaril prem aanee tyanchi nirmiti aanee abhyas yaa donhinprati asalelya tyanchya bhaktisathi olakhale jaat asat. daad grebla asey vatate qee bhikshunni haah sarav sodoon deela aahe aanee shant abhyasachya jaagi sharirik shram ghetale aahet. "kalap aanee lokri, pike aanee dhanye, galoo aanee potherb, pey aanee gole, heey aajkal bhikshunche vachan aanee abhyas aahet.
6. bhikshunviruddha pustakanchi takrar
"tunak eneem proculdubio libris aanee studio propensius vacretis."
6 vya adhyayat, daad grabe dharmik bhikshuchya, dharmik vyavastheche sadasya jeey dharmadayavar avalambun asatat aanee serve malmatta sodoon detat, tyanchya jivanache varnan karate. yethe, daad barej assa yuktivad karato qee bhikshu uttam ann, alishan kapade aanee bhavya gharanchya mohat padatat, tarr pustake anavashyak manali jaatat. "aanee teey tyanchya upasamarichya potatoon jeey kahee choru shakat hote, kinwa tyanchya ardhya aachchhadit shariratoon jeey kahee advu shakat hote, teey pustak kharedi kinwa durust karnyasathi kharch karane haah sarvat motha fayda asalyache tyanna vatale."yethe, mageel adhyayanpramanech, tyachya charchchya sadhyachya sthitiviruddha asha prakare eka majboot aaroppatra dakhal kele aahe jeey sudharananpurvi kvachitach pahile jaate.
7. yuddhanviruddha pustakanchi takrar
"vasa vinashkari ration"
pustakachya drushtikonatun lihilelya antim adhyayat, dii barejmadhye pustakanvar yuddhacha parinam aanee kitee pracheen aanee vartaman grunth haravale gele yavar charcha kelee aahe.
sarvashaktiman lekhak aanee shantatapriy, yuddhat anand ghenanya rashtranna vikhuroon taaka, jeey sarvanpeksha pustakansathi hanikarak asalelya mahamari aahet. kaaran yuddh heey kaaran niyantranat naan aalyane, tyanna disana pratyek goshtivar jangali hallah karatat aanee kaaran tapasanyashivay teey vivekbuddhi kinwa bhed naan karata tarkyukt jahaje nasht karnyasathi pudhe dhakaltat.
8. pustakancha satha karnyasathi aamhala midalelya anek sandhinpaiki
"fibet add nose decideratus accessus vasoram scientiae ett volatus multiferious voluminum optimorum."
tyachya sarvat ughad karananya adhyayat, daad grabe charchmadhil aanee tajachya sarkarmadhil tyachya sthanamule tyala eka prakarchya saumya lachkhoridware pustake midvane kase shakya jhaale yache varnan karate.
aanee kharey tarr, jevha aamhi vijayi rajkumar aanee englandchya bhavyapane vijayi rajala vividh padey dilee, tevha vijayapasoon tisra edward-jyache rajya sarvashaktiman dirghkal aanee shantatet chaloo raheel-pratham tyachya darbaratil, parantu nantar tyachya rajyachya sarvajanik babinshi sambandhit, mhanje kulpati aanee khajindaranchi padey, rajyachi krupa lakshat gheuun, pustakanchya mage muktapane shodhanyachya uddeshane aamhala sahaj pravesh denyat aala. kharey tarr, tyanchyabaddalachya aamchya premachi prasiddhi lavkarach paradeshat sarvatra pasarali hotee aanee pustakanchya, visheshtah junya pustakanchya asha ichchhene aamhi jalat asalyache sanganyat aale hote qee, konatyahi mansasathi paishapeksha pustakanchya madhyamatoon aapali pasanti midvane adhik sope hote.
9. pracheen kalatil kamanna aapan pradhanya dile asale taree aadhunik kalatil abhyasacha aapan nishedh kassa keela nahee?
"anticorum tamen examinatos securiorila cupivimus perscrutarychi aavad asate."
9 vya adhyayat, aapan pleto, ovid, euclid aanee itaransarkhya greek shastriy lekhakanchya buddhila manyata denyasathi yaa kalat catholic charchcha samanya cull pahato. daphan karnyasathi aanee tyachyasarkhya itaransathi, "pracheen kalatil changlya parikshit shramancha tapas karnyasathi aamhi nehmich adhik nirvivad utsahane ichcha vyakt kelee aahe".
10. pustakanche haloohaloo paripurnikaran
"scriptoribus analymmadhye quemadmodam namk heey sarvat bhinn nasalele kwod semper postariyar presupponit prayoram aahet."
yethe daad barej assa yuktivad karato qee pustakanchya madhyamatoon, mageel pidhichya dnyanavar aadharun samaj kayam sudharla jaau shakato. "jarr virgilne theocritus, leukratius aanee hommer lutale nasate aanee tyanchya guradulane nangarani kelee nasati, tarr lattinmadhil mukhya kavee virgilne kaay sadhya kele asate?"
11. aamhi kayadyachya pustakanpeksha udarmatvadi shikshanachya pustakansathi qaa pradhanya dile aahe?
"sunt enim eutilia, theriyakamadhil sikat scorpeo."
kayadyachya pustakanchya kadak abhyaskramapeksha sahitya, vidnyan aanee tarkshastrachi pustake abhyasanyasathi changli aahet, assa yuktivad daad bire yaa adhyayat karatat. "kayada kharokharach manavjatichya vadanna vizavanyaivaji protsahan deto."
12. aapan vyakaranachi pustake itaki parishrampurvak qaa tayar kelee aahet?
"saha liborum lectionibus foveramer acidue..."
philobiblian' madheel sarvat lahan adhyay 12 madhye, dii barej assa yuktivad karato qee pustakache purn kautuk karnyasathi, vyaktine vyakaranacha dekhil abhyas keela pahije. "eka shabdache sadosh dnyandekhil samajanyat kitee adthala aanate heey tumchya spasht lakshat aale aahe".
13. kavinchya dantakathankade aapan purnapane durlaksh qaa kele nahee?
13 vya adhyayat, dii barej heey nirikshan karate qee pracheen greek dantkathancha kharaa uddesh mule aanee kahee praudhansathi shikshan sope aanee adhik spasht karane haah hota. tyamule, eka shaikshanik sadhan mhanoon, pracheen dantkathancha abhyas keela pahije aanee teey vachale pahije. "tyanusar pracheen lokanchya shahanpanane eka upay tayar keela jyadvare lokanchya avichari mananna eka prakarchya pavitra fasavanukidware, mhanje aanandachya mukhavatakhali guptapane lapoon rahilelya sookshm minervadvare fasavale jaau shakate."
14. pustakanche vishesh premi kona asavet?
"prati code universis spasht austenditur nalam podge rampublicam debit reejere sine libris."
daad grebnusar, jyanna tyanchya padamule vishesh dnyanachi aavashyakta aahe, tech pustakanche sarvat jaast kautuk karatat. "mhanunach rajkumar aanee purohit, nyayadhish aanee doctor aanee rashtrakulatil itar serve nete, jyanna itaranpeksha jaast shahanpanachi garaj aahe, tyamule tyanni itaranpeksha jaast shahanpanachya patransathi utsah dakhavila pahije."(daad grabe, pru. 131) daad briig pudhe mhanato, "greek tasech romanancha itihas darshavito qee tyanchyamadhye asey konatehi prasiddha rajkumar navhate jeey sahityapasun vanchit hote."
15. pustakanchya premache fayade
"montes scandimus, ebisaram voragines perscrutamoor"
yaa adhyayat, daad grabe punha yuktivad karatat qee shahanpanache prem aanee pustakanche prem eksarkhech aahe. "pustakanmadhye aapan donger chadhato aanee athang darachya khol khaata shodhato".
16. naveen pustake lihine aanee junya pustakanche nutanikaran karane heey yogya aahe
"libro viventium duce ips madhye iestos liha."
dii kabar 16 vya adhyayat lihito qee charchane "vidharmi aanee vidharmi" yanchya hallyapasoon swatache sanrakshn karnyasathi naveen margika lihine aavashyak aahe. yacha purava mhanoon, dii grabe assa yuktivad karatat qee shishya paulane "jyoo aanee pararashtriyanna tondawate prachar karnyapeksha, aapali pavitra patre lihoon churchche swaroop vadhavanyasathi adhik kele."
17. pustakanchya tabyat yogya tee malki darshavine
"long namke dirbitancius librum kwam calcium conservaryla aakarshit karate."
serve granthasuchipramanech, dii barej yaa adhyayat assa yuktivad karato qee pustakanchi yogya kalji ghetali gelee pahije aanee tyancha vapar kassa keela jaava yacha tapshilvar tapasheel deto. "prathamatah pustake ughadane aanee bund karane, yasathi yogya tee sanyam balgoo dya".
18. heey dakhavun dete qee aamhi keval aaplya aanandasathi navhe tarr vidvananchya samanya fayadhyasathi pustakancha itka motha satha gola keela aahe
"yu. tii. ipsey libri ett singuli iorundem tivra aavaj uthavate"
yaa adhyayat daad brigmadhye tyachya mrutyunantar tyachya granthalayasathichya tyachya yojaneche varnan kele aahe. jaree teey kadhich yashasvi jhaale nasale taree, auxford vidyapithat 'shashvat dharmaday sansthet eka sabhagruh' shodhave ashee tyanchi ichcha aahe heey tyanna kalave asey tyanna vatat hote, jithe teey tyanche granthalay daan karoo shaktil.
19. aamchi serve pustake vidyarthyanna udhar denyachya paddhatibaddal
"serve kahee aanee ekeri lokanna prathamatah aakarshit qaraa."
yethe, dii buri heey mahavidhyalayatil vidyarthyanmadhye prasar niyantranachya paddhatinche varnan karate, kahee vela prabhavi bund-stack pranaliaivaji open-stackcha vapar karate. duplicate pustake asateel tarr catalog, karjachya atty aanee khule karj yasarkhya navkalpanambaddalhi teey bolatat. udaharanarth, teey mhanatat qee, 'guru' chya niyuktikhali, paach vidvananna sampoorn sankalanacha prabhari nemale jaeel, teen 'keepers' pustake udhar denyasathi niyukt kele jaatil; sankalanacha aadhava ghenyasathi aanee serve pustakancha hishob keela jaeel yachee khatri karnyasathi darvarshi aanakhi teen lokanchi niyukti kelee jaeel.
20. pavitra prathanandware aamhala bharpai denyasathi vidvananna eka aavahan
dii burine 'philobiblan' chaa nishkarsh assa kadhala qee too tyachya gola karnyachya savayi vyarthpane kelya gelya naheet heey nakarat nahee kinwa too tyachya savayinmadhye utsahi hota heey nakaru shakat nahee. tathapi, shevati too mhanato qee "aaplya premacha uddesh sanmananiy aahe aanee aapala hetu kharaa aahe."