
kavach punaraadhunikikaran yojnevar

quantum kshetra siddhantat, aanee visheshtah quantum electrodynamicsmadhe, parasparsanvad siddhantamule mojata yenyajogya pramanancha andaj lavnyas saksham honyasathi, anant pramananmadhye punaraakramikikaran prakriyet shoshale jaane aavashyak aahe. punarsanchayit karanyachi yojana konatya prakarchya kanancha vichar keela jaat aahe yavar avalambun asoo shakate. lakshane nasalelya mothya antaracha pravas karoo shakananya kanansathi kinwa qamee urja prakriyesathi, aun-shale yojana, jyala bhautik yojana asehi mhanatat, yogya aahe. yaa atty purn naan jhalyas, kiman vaja yojana (ms yojana) yasarkhya itar yojanankade valoo shakata.
parasparsanvadachya siddhantatil fermian prasarak.
vegvegalya prasarkanchi mahitee asane haah fenman aakruti mojanyas saksham honyacha aadhar aahe, jee andaj lavnyasathi upayukt sadhane aahet, udaharanarth, vikhuralelya prayogancha parinam. jyaa siddhantat diarac kshetra heey ekmev kshetra aahe, tethe fenman prasarak vachato
jethe sootra _ 2 heey vel-kramkarta prachalak aahe, sootra _ 3 heey parasparsanvad naan karananya siddhantatil nirvat, sootra _ 4 aanee sootra _ 5 heey diarac kshetra aanee tyache diarac sanlagn, aanee jethe samikaranachi davi bajoo diarac kshetrache done-bindu parasparsambandh karya aahe.
eka naveen siddhantat, diarac kshetra dusya kshetrashi parasparkriya karoo shakate, udaharanarth quantum electrodynamicsmadhil vidyutchumbakiy kshetrashi, aanee parasparsanvadachi takad eka mapdandadware mojali jaate, kyu. dii. chya babatit too bayer electron charge aahe, sootra 6. prasarkache samanya swaroop aparivartit rahile pahije, mhanje jarr sootra _ 7 aata parasparsanvad siddhantatil vacuumche pratinidhitva karat asel, tarr done-bindu parasparsambandh karya aata vachale jaeel.
done naveen matra sadar karnyat aalya aahet. pratham, fernormalised maas formula _ 9 chee vyakhya fenman propgatorchya forier transformmadhil pole mhanoon kelee gelee aahe. hii aun-shale renormalisation yojanechi mukhya soochana aahe (tyanantar kiman vaja yojnepramane itar vastuman praman sadar karanyachi aavashyakta nahee). praman sootra _ 10 heey diarac kshetrachi naveen takad darshavate. sootra _ 11 deuun parasparsanvad shunyavar nakarla jaat asalyane, yaa naveen mapdandanni mulyakade cull keela pahije jenekarun mukt fermiancha prasarak, mhanje sootra _ 12 aanee sootra _ 13 punarprapt karata yeil.
yacha arth assa qee sootra _ 9 aanee sootra _ 10 heey sootra _ 6 madheel malika mhanoon paribhashit kele jaau shakate jarr heey mapdand purese lahan asel (ekak pranalimadhye jethe sootra _ 17, sootra _ 18, jethe sootra _ 19 haah sookshm-rachana sthirank aahe). asha prakare heey mapdand asey vyakt kele jaau shakatat
dusarikade, fenman aakruti vaparoon propgatormadhil badal sootra _ 6 madheel vishisht kramanusar mojala jaau shakato. yaa badalancha saransh fermian self energy sutramadhye deela aahe.
yaa sudharana byavachada bhinn asatat kaaran tyat loop asatat.
sootra _ 6 madhye eka vishisht kramanusar parasparsambandhachya karyachya done abhivyakti olakhoon, pratishabd paribhashit kele jaau shakatat aanee teey fermian prasarkamadhye kelelya sudharananche bhinn yogdan shoshun ghetil. asha prakare, formula _ 9 sarkhya punarpramanit matra maryadit rahtil aanee prayoganmadhye mojalya jaananya matra asateel.
photon prasarak.
fermian prasarkachya babatit jeey kele gele aahe, tyachpramane mukt photon kshetrane prerit jhalelya photon prasarkachya swarupachi tulana parasparsanvadachya siddhantatil sootra _ 6 madheel vishisht kramanusar mojalelya photon prasarkashi kelee jaeel. photon swa-urja heey sootra _ 28 aanee metrik tensor sootra _ 29 (yethe +---- parampara ghet) nondavale gele aahe.
pratipad sootra _ 31 chey vartan heey yenanya photon sootra _ 32 chya gatipasoon swatantra aahe. teey nishchit karnyasathi, mothya antaravar kyu. dii. chey vartan (jeey shastriy vidyut gatishastra punarprapt karnyas madat karel), i.eae. jevha sootra _ 33 vaparale jaateh
asha prakare pratisadache sootra _ 35 heey sootra _ 36 chya moolyasah nishchit kele jaate.
vertex karya.
shirobindu karya vaparoon ashach tarkamule vidyut prabhar sootra _ 37 chey nutanikaran hote. heey nutanikaran aanee mothya avkash pramanavaril shastriy vidyutdharmiktepasun jeey dnyat aahe tyacha vapar karoon nutanikaran sandnya nishchit kelya jaatat. yamule pratipad sootra _ 38 chey moolya milate, jeey pratyakshat, prabhag-takahashi olakh asalyamule sootra _ 39 chya barobariche aahe. hii gananach fermionchya visangat chumbakeey dvidhruv kshanacha hishob karate.
caid lagrangianche punarvasan.
aapan kahee pramanbaddh ghatakancha (sootra _ 40 sarkhe) vichar keela aahe jeey prasarkachya rupatoon paribhashit kele gele aahet. tathapi, yaa vibhagat kelya jaananya cude lagrangianmadhun dekhil tyanchi vyakhya kelee jaau shakate aanee yaa vyakhya samatulya aahet. quantum electrodynamicschya bhautikshastrache varnan karnara lagrangian aahe
jethe sootra _ 42 heey kshetra shakti tensor aahe, sootra _ 43 heey diarac spinor (wavefunction sapeksh samatulya) aahe aanee sootra _ 44 heey vidyutchumbakiy chaar-sambhavya aahe. sootra _ 43, sootra _ 44, sootra _ 47 aanee sootra _ 6 heey yaa siddhantache mapdand aahet. loop sudharananmule heey praman anant asate (khalee pahaa). ekhadi vyakti punarpramanit matra paribhashit karoo shakate (jee maryadit aanee nirikshanyogya asel):
50 yaa sutrala pratishabd mhanatat (tyanchya itar kahee vyakhya shakya aahet). teey _ 6 yaa sutramadhye lahan asavet asey manale jaate. lagrangian aata punarpramanit pramananchya drushtine vachato (pratishabdatil pahilya kramane):
punaraakramikikaran prescription haah niyamancha eka sanch aahe joou vichalanacha konata bhag punaraakramit pramanat asava aanee virodhi sandnyanmadhye konate bhag asavet yache varnan karato. prescription bahutekda mukt kshetranchya siddhantavar aadharit asate, mhanje sootra _ 43 aanee sootra _ 44 chya vartanachya vartanachya jevha teey parasparsanvad karat naheet (jeey lagrangianmadhil sootra _ 55 hii sandnya kadhoon taknyashi sambandhit aahe).