
somatocensaryne sambhavyata nirman kelee

somatocensary uttejit kshamata (sep kinwa sep) hii menduchi vidyut kriya aahe jee sparsh uttejanamule hote. sep chachanya tyaa kriyakalapanche mapan karatat aanee somatocensary pranalichya karyapranaliche moolyankan karnyasathi eka upayukt, aakramak nasalele sadhan aahet. somatocensary marganchya vividh staranvaril sep recording ekatra karoon, parighapasun aachchhadanaparyantchya affarent volleychya sankramanache moolyankan karane shakya aahe. sep ghatakanmadhye sakaratmak aanee nakaratmak vichalananchi malika samavisht asate jee aksharshah konatyahi sanvedanatmak uttejanandware baher kadhali jaau shakate. udaharanarth, botanchya tokavar kinwa havechya puffswer sankshipt yantrik prabhav padalyas pratisad mhanoon sapes midavata yetat. tathapi, varchya avyavachya paridhiy majjatantunchya prakshepmargavar tvachevar lagoo kelelya dvidhruvi transcutanius vidyut uttejanadvare (udaa.jee., madhyavarti majjatantu) kinwa khalcha avyav (udaa.jee., prushth tibiyal cheta), aanee nantar talhuchya talhupasoon nondavali jaate. sarvasadharanpane, sharirik uttejana vaishishtyanchya prakriyeshi sambandhit, parasparvirodhi prathamik somatocensary cortex (ess 1) madhye tayar honare prarambhik cortical ghatak (aine 25, pii 60, aine 80) somatocensary uttejana uttejit karatat. uttejak anuprayoganantar sumare 100 ms, atirikt cortical pradesh sakriy hotat, jase qee duyyam somatocensary cortex (ess 2), aanee pashch parshvik aanee agrabhagachya cortis, jyanna parshvik pii 100 aanee dwaipakshik agrabhag aine 140 dware chinhankit kele jaate. aaj majjatantut sanvedanatmak vikrutinchi pushti karnyasathi aanee tyanche sthanikikaran karnyasathi, mook jakhama olakhanyasathi aanee shastrakriyedarmyanchya badalanvar laksh thevanyasathi sapes niyamitpane vaparale jaatat.
itihas.
sepsacha aadhunik itihas george dossonchya 1947 chya myoclonus asalelya rugnanmadhye somatocensary cortical pratisadanchya nondinpasoon suru jhaala, hii snayu kinwa snayu gatachya achanak, anaichhik, zatka-sarkhya aakunchananni darshavaleli eka majjasansthechi sthitee aahe. tyanchya tulanene mothya amplitudemule aanee aii/dii rupantaranachya qamee sampling darasah susangat asalelya qamee varanvartemule, cortical sepsacha samanya vishayanmadhye aanee rugnanmadhye pahila abhyas karnyat aala. 1970 chya dashakat aanee 1980 chya dashakachya suruvatila pathichya kanyachya aanee upcortical (durchya maidanachya) kshamata olakhalya gelya. jaree sahityamadhye durvarchya bhaganchya utpatti aanee yantranevar ajunahi vadavivad hott asala, taree asamanya lahari, jakhamechi jaaga aanee vaidyakeey nirikshananmadhil parasparsambandh byanpaiki changlya prakare sthapit aahet. tathapi, sarvat alikadil pragati chumbakeey anunad imaging (emm. aar. aay.) dware pradan kelelya menduchya aakarmanachya 3 dii pratimanmadhye srot modelling aanee srot sthanikikaranasaha uttejit sambhavyatechya bahu-vahini recordingdware aananyat aalee.
siddhant/srot.
kshetra vitaranatoon milananya modelling strotanmule mendu sakriy honyachya namunyanmadhye parinam hoto jeey asamanya lahari swaroop aanee jakhamechya thikanamadhil vaidyakeey parasparsambandhachya nirikshananpeksha lakshaniyaritya bhinn asoo shakatat. clinical sahsambandhanvar aadharit drushtikon pratyek sep ghatkasathi ekach generatorchya kalpanela samarthan deto, joou somatocensary marganchya anukramik sakriyan tantu aanee synaptic rile pratibimbit karananya pratisadansathi yogya aahe. yaulat, srot modelling asey suchavate qee dilelya kshani udbuddha kshetra vitaran heey velevar parasparantare honanya anek vitarit strotanchya kriyakalapanmule houu shakate. heey model samantar sakriyakaran aanee cortical staravar somatocensary inputchya prakriyeche vaishishtya asalelya abhipray niyantrananshi adhik changle julate.
ghatak vaishishtye.
sepschee nond kartana, sahasa tyach dhavadarmyan paridhiy, pathicha kanaa, menducha kanaa aanee suruvatichya cortical sepsacha abhyas karnyacha prayatna keela jaato. talhuvar thevalelya electrodemule aachchadan aanee thalamocortical tantunmadhye (jeey maryadit bhagat sthit asalelya jawalchya kshetra pratisad mhanoon ghetale jaatat) aanee paridhiy, pathicha kanaa aanee menduchya snayumadhye nirman jhalelya kriyakalapanna pratibimbit karananya durchya kshetrachya sakaratmakata yaa donhimadhye nirman honare sapes uchalale jaatat.
pratyek ghatakachi nond karnyasathi sandarbh electrodesathi sarvat yogya sthalabaddalachya charchene sahitya bharale aahe. kshetrache vitaran vicharat gheta, sarvottam nond karanyachi sthitee hii siddhantatah ashee aahe qee jyamadhye sandarbh abhyasakhalil kriyakalapandware prabhavit hott nahee. durchya maidanachi bahutek kshamata talhuvar mothya pramanat pasarleli asate. parinami, jevha sandarbh electrode naun-cephelic asato tevha teey tyanchya kamal amplitudeparyant pohochatat. serve vahinyansathi samanya asalela eka gair-cephelic sandarbh serve jawalchya maidanachya dhvanimudranansathi puresa aahe. eka sambandhit muddah mhanje vidyut sharirik (electrocardiogram, electromeogram ii.).) gair-cephelic sandarbh montagemadhye sakriy aanee sandarbh electrodemadhil antaranusar aavajachi patali vadhate. clinical neurophysiology aantarrashtriy mahasanghamadhye (aay. eff. see. aine.) margdarshak tattvanmadhye prastavit niyamit chaar-margikanche montage, agravarti paridhiy volley, maan aanee cutty merudand patalivaril vibhagiy pathichya kanyachya pratisadancha, tasech up-cortical phaar-feeled aanee prarambhik cortical sepsacha shodh ghetat, jyat varchya avyavanchya sepsasathi parital aanee frontal pradeshat aanee khalchya avyavanchya sepsasathi shirobinduvar thevalelya talhuchya talhutil electrodescha vapar keela jaato.
mangatatil tyaa majjatantula vidyut uttejana pohochavanyapasun madhyavarti majjatantucha prasar suru hoto. eka 100-300 microsecond chauras lahari vidyut spandane tivratene vitarit kelee jaatat
1 teey 2 centimeter angatha khechanyaitka majboot. asha prakarchya uttejanachya vitarnanantar, majjatantu kriya volley sanvedanatmak tantu aanee motor tantu khandyaparyant pravas karatat, teey pravesh kartana shikhar tayar karatat. yaa shikharala aupcharikpane aine9 mhanoon olakhale jaate. chaalan darmyan, sanvedi tantu nantar grivechya mulanna paar karatat aanee grivechya dorkhandat pravesh karatat. madhya cheta marg nantar prushth stambhanna jodato, jyamule madhya-majjatantuchya dorat samkramit honyasathi samparshvik shakha pathavalya jaatat. hii madhya-grivechi kriya aine13 mhanoon olakhalya jaanarya shikharala janm dete. aine13 heey pachvya grivechya mankyavar mojale jaate. pashch stambhanmadhil pudhil chaalan grivechya sanyugmiy junctionveril synapsmadhun jaate aanee lemoniscal decusationmadhye pravesh karate. yaa staravar talhuche pii14 shikhar tayar hote. madhya lemniscuspasoon varchya madhya menduparyant aanee thalamusmadhye wahan suru asatana, talhuche nakaratmak shikhar, aine 18 aadhalate. thalamusmadhye synapsing kelyanantar aanee antargat capsule olandalyanantar, aine 20 chee nond mangatala uttejit kelelya somatocensary cortexver kelee jaate, jee prathamik somatocensary pradeshat majjatantuchya aaveganche aagman hote.
ghotyavar prushthbhagachya tibiyal majjatantunchya uttejanamule tyanantarchya shikharanchya samaan malikela janm midato. gudghyachya mageel tibiyal majjatantuvar aine8 kshamata shodhali jaau shakate. kambarechya pathichya kanyachya varchya bhagavar aine22 kshamata shodhali jaau shakate, jee kambarechya pathichya kanyachya sanvedi tantunmadhye honanya sanyugmatashi sambandhit aahe. adhik rostrally, kadhikadhi madhya kinwa varchya grivechya mankyavar grivechi kshamata shodhali jaau shakate. shevati, madhyareshechya talhuchya prushthbhagachya bajus madhyareshechya talhuchya prushthbhagavar pii37 talhuchi kshamata disun yete, parantu payala ipecilatal uttejit hote.
karyatmak sanvedansheelata.
gair-rogshastriy ghatak.
sep vilambitatevar vayache parinam pramukhyane paridhiy majjatantunmadhil sancharan mandavane pratibimbit karatat, jeey madhyavarti majjatantu uttejananantar aine 9 ghatakachya vadhimule disun yete. purushanchya tulanet mahilanmadhye qamee kendriya chaalan vel (see. see. tii., somatocensary marganchya madhyavarti bhaganmadhil chadhatya volleycha sankraman vel) dekhil nondavali gelee aahe aanee avyavanchya tapmanatil badalanmule chaalan vegavar dekhil parinam hoto. asey nehmich manale gele aahe qee varchya avyavachya uttejananantar 50 mschya aadhi shikhar gathana cortical sepswar sandnyanatmak prakriyancha lakshaniy parinam hott nahee. tathapi, desmed aanee itar. (1983) audball karyat lakshya uttejananna pratisad mhanoon pii40 kshamata olakhali, asey suchavate qee laksh-sambandhit prakriya suruvatichya cortical sepswar parinam karoo shakatat. shevati, samanya vishayanmadhye naisargik zopedarmyan parital aine20 chey amplitude, waveform aanee letancymadhye kahee badal nondavale gele aahet.
rogshastriy ghatak.
madhyam aanee pashch tibiyal sapes vividh vaidyakeey vyavasthanmadhye vaparale jaatat. teey somatocensary marganvar phokal vyatyay shodhu, sthanikikaran karoo aanee tyache praman nirdharit karoo shakatat, jeey aaghat, sankuchan, multiple sclerosis, tumour kinwa itar phokal jakhmansah konatyahi phokal neurological samasyanmule asoo shakatat. pasarlelya kendriya majjasansthetil (see. aine. ess.) vikaranmule sapes heey cortical kshinatesathi dekhil sanvedanshil asatat. heey vividh prakarche neurodegenerative vikar aanee jivansatva buub 12 chya kamataratesarkhya chayapachay samasyanmadhye disun yete. jevha ekhadya rugnala sanvedanaksham vikruticha tras hoto aanee jevha sanvedanatmak vikrutiche vaidyakeey sthanikikaran aspasht asate, tevha paridhiy majjasansthetil samasyanchya ulat, sanvedanatmak vikrutee hii see. aine. ess. samasyanmule aahe qee nahee heey vegale karnyat sapes upayukt tharoo shakate. hrudayavikarachya zatkyanantarchya majjasansthesambandhichya pudhil bhagacha andaj lavnyas dekhil madhyavarti majjatantu sep upayukt aaheh jarr hrudayavikarachya zatkyanantar 24 taas kinwa tyahoon adhik kaal cortical aine20 aanee tyanantarche ghatak purnapane anupasthit asateel, tarr moolatah serve rugna maran pavtat kinwa tyanna vanaspatisambandhi majjasansthesambandhichya pudhil bhagacha tras hoto.
clinical anuprayog.
alikadchya dashakat, sepschee vaidyakeey upayuktata shastrakriya kakshat praveshali, jyamule see. aine. ess. chey aantarshastrikaran dekhrekh karata aalee aanee asha prakare, uchch jokhamichya shastrakriyandarmyan see. aine. ess. sanrachananche sanrakshn hote. satatche sep dekhrekh heey shalyachikitsakala ishara deu shakate aanee ashaktapana kayamswarupi honyapurvi twarit hastakshep karoo shakate. chraniotomy darmyan sanvedi aanee motor cortex olakhanyasathi aanee madhya-grivechya kinwa varchya grivechya staravar shastrakriyechya dekharekhisathi madhya cheta seps chachani vaparali jaate. parshvagooni prakriya aanee itar shastrakriyechya hastakshepadarmyan pathichya kanyachya dekharekhisathi prushthbhagachya tibiyal cheta sep moneteringcha mothya pramanat vapar keela jaato jyamadhye pathichya kanyachya hanicha dhoka asato. antahkendritaritya nirman jhalelya durchya kshetrachya shikharanchi nond karane, jaree prathamik cortical shikhar heey bhool denanya ghatakanmule bighadalele asale tarihi dekhrekh sulabh karoo shakate. kalantarane, shastrakriyemadhil sep chachani aanee dekhrekh hii pramanit tantre bunley aahet jee rugnala shastrakriyenantarchya majjatantunchya samasyancha dhoka qamee karnyasathi mothya pramanat vaparali jaatat. satatchya sep dekharekheenmule shastrachikitsakala pathichya kanyachya sambhavya hanibaddal ishara miloo shakato, jyamule ashaktapana kayamswarupi honyapurvi hastakshepas chalana miloo shakate. ekandarit, sapes vividh vishisht vaidyakeey uddishte purn karoo shakatat, jyat khaleel goshtincha samavesh aaheh
prayogik pratiman.
vaidyakeey vyavasthevyatirikt, sapes heey vishisht prayogik pratimanmadhye upayukt asalyache disun aale aahe. scheubert aanee itar. (2006) janivpurvak samajalya gelelya viruddha apramanit somatocensary uttejananchya vibhedak prakriyechi tapasani karnyasathi sepsacha vapar keela. lekhakanni ess1 sakriy karane aanee somatocensary jagrukta yanchyatil sambandh tapasanyasathi 'vilupta' pratiman vaparale aanee asey nirikshan kele qee, ess1 madhye nirman jhalele prarambhik sapes (pii60, aine80), uttejak aakalanapasun swatantra hote. yaulat, janivpurvak samajalya gelelya uttejanansathi pii 100 aanee aine 140 sathee amplitude vaadh disun aalee. lekhakanni assa nishkarsh kadhala qee ess1 lavkar sakriy karane heey janivpurvak uttejanapurn aaklan sunishchit karnyasathi purese nahee. janivpurvak bodhprakriyet uttejan milanyasathi menduchya mahattvachya bhaganmadhye, jevha sanketavar parital aanee frontal corticessmadhye prakriya kelee jaate, tevha uttejana sadarikaranantar sumare 100 ms suru honanya achetan prakriyepeksha janivpurvak uttejanprakriya lakshaniyaritya vegali asate. dusya abhyasat, ivadat aanee itar. (2005) sepsacha vapar karoon sharirik vyayam aanee somatocensary prakriya yanchyatil sambandhakade pahile. abhyasane kheladunmadhil (socker kheladu) aanee bigger-kheladunmadhil sepschee tulana kelee, jyamadhye madhyavarti majjatantu aanee tibiyal majjatantuvar swatantra somatocensary uttejananantar done audball karye vaparali gelee. kheladu nasalelya kheladunchya tulanet, kheladu gatamadhye varchya aanee khalchya avyavanchya kamanmadhye aine140 amplitude jaast hote. lekhakanni assa nishkarsh kadhala qee somatocensary prakriyet plasticche badal sharirik vyayam karoon prerit kele jaau shakatat jyasathi laksh aanee kushal halchalinchi aavashyakta asate.