yazata

yazata () haah parasi sankalpanesathi avistan shabd aahe jyache arth vistrut aahet parantu samanyatah devatva darshavitat (kinwa tyache visheshan mhanoon vaparale jaate). yaa shabdacha shabdasha arth 'pooja kinwa poojela patra' assa hoto aanee asha prakare, yaa adhik samanya arthane, kahee upchar vanaspati, adim prani, mrutanchya 'fravashi' aanee swatah pavitra manalya manalya kahee prathanannadekhil lagoo hoto. yazata" heey ektritpane "ahura majadachya antargat changlya shakti" aahet, jeey "yazata" paiki sarvat mahan aahet.
vyutpatti.
"yazata" heey eka avistan bhashetil nishkriy visheshan aahe, jeey "yaaj-"; "pooja karane, sanman karane, pooja karane", proto-indo-european "* "* ("pooja karane, aadar karane, tyag karane") pasoon vyutpann jhaale aahe. yadnya' kinwa 'yadnya' haah shabd-'pooja, yadnya, yadnya, prathna'-tyach moodatoon aala aahe. tyanusar 'yaja + taa' mhanje 'upasanes patra asane', 'upasanechi vastoo' kinwa 'pavitra prani'.
khod swaroop mhanoon, "yazata-" madhye "yazato" (), pl hii rupantarit namsoochak rupe aahet. "yazatangho" (). heey prakar proto-iranian '* yazata' aanee pii. ell. pratibimbit karatat. "* yajatah". madhya parshiyamadhye haah shabd "yazad" kinwa "yazad" (), pl jhaala. "yazdan", naveen parshiyanmadhye "izad" () mhanoon suru aahe.
itar bhashanmadhil sambandhit sandnya sanskrut ("yajati", mhanje "too pooja karato, too yadnya karato"), ("yajat-", "poojaniy, pavitra"), ("yadnya", "yadnya") aanee kadachit greek ("hagios", "devatanna samarpit, pavitra, pavitra") dekhil aahet.
shastrat.
yazata' haah shabd aadhipasunach gathanmadhye vaparla jaato, joou parasi dharmacha sarvat juna grunth aahe aanee too swatah jarthustrane rachala asalyache manale jaate. yaa stotranmadhye, 'yazata' haah samanya mhanoon vaparla jaato, joou ahura majda tasech nantarchya paramparet ameesha yanni ghalavalelya 'daivi kidya' yanna lagoo hoto. gathanmadhye, 'yazata' heey prabhavipane 'dev' naheet; mhanje 'yazata' chee pooja kelee pahije tarr 'dev' nakarle pahijet.
konatya ghatakanna aavahan kele jaat aahe yachee mahitee naan deta gatha ektritpane 'yazata' chaa vapar karatat aanee-stotranchi rachana aanee bhasha pahata-heey 'yazata' amoort sankalpana aahet qee prakat ghatak aahet heey tharvane samanyatah shakya nasate. gathanchya kaveene navane pukarlelya chhotya yajatanmadhye shraush, aashee, atar, gush tussion, gush urvan, tushnamaiti aanee iza yancha samavesh aahe aanee jyaa sarvancha ullekh tyachya stotranmadhye keela jaato, asey disate, kaaran tyaa yadnya aanee upasanechya vidhinshi jawalcha sambandh aahe.
lahan avestamadhye, 'yazata' heey daivi shaktinsah nihsanshaypane daivi aahet, jaree teey itar 'yazata' sathee rathee mhanoon kaam karane yasarkhi sansarik kaame karatat. anek 'yazata' laa manavshastriy vaishishtye dilee jaatat, jase qee gadaa palane kinwa tyanchya dokyavar mukut dharan karane kinwa zope naan yenyane rakshasanviruddhachya tyanchya jagrutit vyatyay yeu dene.
ii. sha. puu. puu shatkachya uttaradhat kinwa kinwa shatkachya suruvatila ekemenidsne eka dharmik dindarshika sthapan kelee jyamadhye mahinyachya pratyek divasala eka vishisht "yazata" chey naav denyat aale aanee tyachya sanrakshanakhali thevanyat aale. yaa divasachya navanche samarpan keval dharmik mahatva navhate kaaran tyanni heey devatva sarvajanik chetanet raheel yachee khatri kelee, tyanni "yazata" madhye eka padanukram dekhil sthapit keela, jyat vishisht uchch sansthanna divasachya navanchya samarpananmadhye pramukh sthan hote (tapashilansathi zorostrian dindarshika pahaa).
jaree heey divas-navanche samarpan shastrat pratibimbit jhaale asale, taree heey divas-naav niyuktya shastratil purvasuchanene (udaa.jee. "yadnya" 16), kinwa divasachya navanchya samarpananni asha yadyanchya sankalnas uttejan dile qaa? tathapi, tulanene nishchit aahe qee divasachya navanche samarpan avestachya 'siroza' chya ('30 divas') aadhiche aahe, jyamadhye 'yazata' chey mahinyachya tyanchya sambandhit divasanche snrakshak/palak mhanoon spasht sandarbh aahet.
paramparet.
zorostrian paramparechya paramparechya shatkatil granthanmadhye 'yazata' chey (toparyant madhya pertian 'yazad' mhanoon) agadi tarun avestachya stotranpramanech palan kele jaate. yavyatirikt, keval shastrat soochit kelelya bhoomikanmadhye, teey vishvashastriy kinwa escatological parinamachi vaishishtye dharan karatat.
udaharanarth, aaradvi suur anahita ("arvisur naheed") hii panyachi devata tasech pruthvila vedhanari eka dhavnari jaagtik nadee aahe, jee angra mainyune ("ahriman") bund kelee aahe, jyamule dushkal hoto. verethragna ("vaharam") dware adthala door keela jaato aanee tishtarya ("tiir") paanee gola karato aanee teey pruthvivar (zaam) paus mhanoon pasaravato. escatological mahatva asalelya kathanmadhye, shraush ('sarosh'), mitra ('mihar') aanee rashnu ('rashnu') heey vibhajkacha pool asalelya chinavat pulache palak aahet, jyachya palikade serve aatmanna jaave lagate.
pudhe, dindarshikiy samarpananni kaay suru kele hote, parampara purn jhalih padanukramachya shirshasthani ahura majda hota, jyala amesha kharchanchya ('ameshaspand'/'maharaspand') mahan heptadne pathimba deela hota, jyadvare nirmatyala prakat vishvachi jaaniv jhaali ('tyachya vicharanni nirman'). amishanni kharch kelelya kharchat 'hamkar', 'sahayyak' kinwa 'sahkari' hote, jeey pratyek srushtichya eka pailooche kaljivahu hote.
parampara aanee shastra yaa donhimadhye, 'amesha kharch' aanee 'yazata' yaa sandnya kadhikadhi eka eka badalyat vaparlya jaatat. tathapi, sarvasadharanpane 'amesha kharch' haah ahura majadachya sahaa daivi utpatti darshavito. paramparenusar, 'yazata' heey ahura majdachya 101 padanpaiki pahile aahe. jaree aaj parasi lock sandeshtyala dev banavanyachya konatyahi prayatnanvar tivra teeka karat asale taree haah shabd parasi pradeshalahi lagoo houu lagla. ahura majda kinwa 'yajat' madhye kharch kelele ameesha vagalata, eka padanukramat, 'upasanes patra' asalelyanmadhye sarvat pramukh mhanje mitra, joou 'keval ormzed (mhanje.eae. ahura majda) swatah."
paramparik yazatanchya baher, sthanik aanee paradeshi devatancha pertian samrajyachya vividh durgam pradeshanmadhye sthanik dharmik prathemadhye samavesh keela gela asava. armeniya, kushan samrajya, sogdiya, chean aanee iranchya baher parasi dharmacha sarav hott asalelya itar pradeshanmadhil parasi upasanet heey thalakpane disun yete.
aajchya kalat.
1860 aanee 1870 chya dashakat, bhashavid martin hogg yanni parasi dharmgranthancha arth khrishchan bhashet lavala aanee 'yazata' chee tulana khrishchan dharmatil devdutanshi kelee. yaa yojnet, amesha heey ahura majadache mukhya-devdutache anuyayi aahet, jyamadhye "hamkar" heey qamee devdutanche aashraydata aahet.
tyaveli haugane tyache anuvad, parasi (i.eae. bharatiy parasi) samudayavar ingraji aanee american dharmpracharkanchya tivra dabavakhali hota, jyanni parasi lokanvar tivra teeka kelee-johnn willsonne 1843 madhye chitrit kelyapramane-'bahudevvad', joou dharmpracharkanni yuktivad keela hota qee tyanchya swatachya 'ekeshwarvad' peksha khoopach qamee maulyavan hota. tyaa velee, parasi dharmat swatachya dharmatadnyancha abhav hota aanee tyamule parasi lock tyanchi swatachi bajoo mandanyasathi apure sajj hote. yaa paristhitit, hogcha prati-arth lavane haah eka swagatarh dilasa mhanoon aala aanee (sarvadoor) too vaidh mhanoon krutadnyatene swikarla gela.
nantar hogche arth lavane parasi mhanoon prasarit kele gele, jeey nantar akheris pashchimeparyant pohochale jethe teey hogchi pushti kartana disale. hogchya bahutek vyakhyanpramanech, hii tulana aaj itaki changli aahe qee 'yazata' chaa 'engel' mhanooncha prakash jawaljawal sarvatrikpane swikarla jaato; samanya prekshakansathi tasech (gair-tatvashastriy) shaikshanik sahityat donhi prakashananmadhye.
iranchya muslimanmadhye, shraush haah "serve adhinastha yajatanpaiki sarvat lokpriy" tharala, kaaran devadoota mhanoon, keval tyala (sampoorn parshi devatanpaiki) ajunahi navane poojale jaate.

