
nukai

nukai (; manchuh, mollendroff "ahaa") hii eka chiinii sandnya aahe jyache bhashantar 'lassie', 'hoy-mann', 'sevak', 'gulam' kinwa 'nirvivad aadnyadharani vyakti' asey kele jaau shakate. ishanya chinmadhil jamatinmadhye nakaratmak aanee apmanaspad sandnya mhanoon yacha ugam jhaala, jee anekada nirupayogi kinwa aksham samajalya jaananya vyaktichya apmanasathi rakheev thewali jaate. tathapi, king rajvanshachya darbaratil manchu adhikaanyaanee samratala sambodhit kartana, heey sarvat thalakpane pratham-vyaktiche avadnyatmak sarvanam mhanoon vaparale hote. hahn chiinii adhikanyanna swa-pattyasathi haah shabd vaparnyas manai karnyat aalee hotee; tyaeivaji tyanni 'cheen' () vaparla.
vapar.
king rajvanshachya kalat, swatahla 'nukai' mhanoon sambodhane haah eka prakarcha 'visheshadhikar' jhaala joou vanshik manchu adhikadhyansathi rakheev hota. hahn chiinii vanshachya adhikanyanna swatahla 'nukai' mhanoon sambodhanyas manai hotee aanee tyanni swatahla 'cheen' (, shabdasha 'tumcha vishay') mhanoon sambodhale pahije. haah niyam lekhee aanee bolalya jaananya asha donhi paristhitinmadhye lagoo karnyat aala hota. nukai' yaa shabdachya aaspascha assa niyam mhanje manchu adhikari aanee samrat yanchyatil natesambandh heey gharatil 'malak aanee sevak' yanchyatil sambandh mhanoon pratibimbit hoto, tarr hahn chiinii adhikari aanee samrat yanchyatil sambandh heey fakt shasak aanee vishay yanchyatil sambandh mhanoon pratibimbit hote. nukai' sathee samatulya 'manchu' sandnya 'booi aaha' aahe. aitihasikdrushtya 'cheen' haah swa-pattyacha adhik pratishthit prakar manla jaat asala taree 'nukai' yaa shabdachya ananyatecha arth assa hota qee hahn chiinii adhikanyanna nyayalayat qamee darja denyat aala hota.
1773 madhye, kianlong samratala manchuche adhikrut tianbao aanee hahn chiinii adhikari maa rainlong yanchyakadun shahee parikshanvishayi sanyukt smarak midale. donhi adhikaanyaanee smarkavar 'nukai' mhanoon sanyuktapane swakshari kelee, jyamule kianlong samrat santapt jhaala, jyane maa rainlongwar 'nukai' asalyache natak kelyacha aarop keela, jevha too navhata, aanee nantar aadesh deela qee jarr hahn chiinii aanee manchu adhikari sanyuktapane samratala yachika dett asateel tarr tyanni 'nukai' aivaji 'cheen' samanpane vaparave.
chiinii vidwan lii shinyu yanni lihile qee jaree 'guru aanee sevak' chey shabd (i.eae. "nukai") 1911 madhye chiinii rajeshahisah sansthatmakaritya radd karnyat aale aahe, lokanchi "nukai" mansikta (rajya kinwa itar adhikadhyanchya vyaktinprati gulamgirichya vruttisathi apmanaspad vakyansh) ajunahi samkalin chinmadhye astitvat aahe.
samajik samikshakanni asey nidarshanas aanoon dile aahe qee uchchabhru mandalanmadhye, visheshtah 'ashiyai mulyanche' palan karnanyandware tathakathit 'nukai' mansiktela kahee pramanat pathimba aahe. 2009chya boao forum phaur ashiyamadhye, abhineta jackie chanane taiwani aanee hongkong samajavar 'gondhalalela' mhanoon teeka kelee kaaran teey 'khoop mukt' aahet, asey mhanat, 'mallah haloohaloo asey vatoo lagale aahe qee aapan chiinii niyantrit karanyachi garaj aahe. jarr aaplyavar niyantran thewale jaat nasel, tarr aaplyala jeey havey aahe teey aapan karoo."tyanantarchya vadat, taivanchya lokshahi purogami pakshane" "nukai" "mansiktechi khoop majbootata asalyabaddal () chanvar hallah keela aanee taipei nagarpalika sarkarne taipei bahire olympicche pravakte mhanoon chaan yanna kadhoon takanyachi magani kelee".