dhavpatti pranali

sanganak programingmadhye, runtime pranali kinwa runtime vatavaran hii eka up-pranali aahe jee sangankamadhye jithe program tayar keela jaato tasech sangankamadhye jithe program chalvayacha aahe asha donhi thikani astitvat asate. heey naav sankalit bhashanpasun sankalan vel aanee runtime vibhaganivarun aale aahe, jeey tyachpramane program (sankalan) tayar karnyat aanee lakshya yantramadhye (runn time) tyachi amalbajavani karnyat guntalelya sanganak prakriyanna vegale karate.
bahutek programming bhashanmadhye runtime pranaliche kahee prakar asatat jeey program chalavanyache vatavaran pradan karatat. heey vatavaran anuprayog smrutiche vyavasthapan, karyakram chalanmadhye kassa pravesh karato, karyapaddhatinmadhil mapdand paar karnyasathichi yantrana, karyapranalishi interfaces karane aanee itar anek samasyanvar laksh kendrit karoo shakate. yogya code tayar karnyasathi sankalak vishisht runtime pranalinusar gruhitak karato. samanyatah runtime pranalikade stack aanee dheeg basavanyachi aanee vyavasthapit karanyachi kahee jababdari asel aanee tyat kachara sankalan, dhage kinwa bhashet bandhaleli itar gatishil vaishishtye samavisht asoo shakatat.
vihangavalokan.
pratyek programming bhasha amalbajavaniche model nirdisht karate aanee anekjan tyaa modelcha kiman kahee bhag runtime pranalimadhye amalat aanatat. itarambarobarach, runtime pranali vartanachi eka sambhavya vyakhya mhanje "konatehi vartan jeey thet karyakramala shrey dile jaat nahee". yaa vyakhyemadhye function coll karnyapurvi stackver parameters thevane, sambandhit vartananchi samantar amalbajavani aanee disk aay/oo samavisht aahe. 
yaa vyakhyenusar, moolatah pratyek bhashemadhye eka runtime pranali asate, jyat sankalit bhasha, arth lavalelya bhasha aanee antarbhut domain-vishisht bhasha yancha samavesh asato. piethreads (posics threads) sarkhya aii. pii. aay.-invoked swatantra amalbajavani modelsmadhye dekhil eka runtime pranali asate jee amalbajavani modelchya vartanachi amalbajavani karate.
runtime pranalinvaril bahutek vidvattapoorn shodhanibandh samantar runtime pranalinchya amalbajavanichya tapashilanvar laksh kendrit karatat. samantar runtime pranaliche eka ullekhaneey udaharan mhanje lokpriy samantar programming model silk. samantar runtime pranalinchi nirmiti sulabh karnyasathi proto-runtime toolkit tayar karnyat aalee hotee.
amalbajavani model vartanavyatirikt, runtime pranali prakar tapasani, debugging kinwa code nirmiti aanee optimization yasarkhya samarthan seva dekhil karoo shakate.
dhavnyachya velechya vatavaranashi sambandh.
runtime pranali heey dekhil eka praveshdwar aahe jyadvare chaloo asalela karyakram runtime vatavaranashi sanvad sadhato. runtime vatavaranat keval praveshyogya sthitee mulyech navhe tarr sakriy ghatak dekhil samavisht aahet jyanchyashi karyakram amalbajavanidarmyan sanvad sadhu shakato. udaharanarth, paryavaranatil chull hii anek karyapranalichi vaishishtye aahet aanee tee dhavnyachya velechya vatavaranacha bhag aahet; eka chaloo asalela karyakram tyanna dhavnyachya velechya pranalidware pravesh karoo shakato. tyachpramane, disk kinwa dii. vhee. dii. drivesarkhi hardware upkarane hii sakriy ghatak aahet jyanchyashi program runtime pranalidware sanvad sadhu shakato.
runtime vatavaranacha eka adviteey anuprayog mhanje operating systemedhe tyacha vapar joou "fakt" tyala chalavanyas anumati deto. deto shabdant, bootpasoon power-daunparyant, sampoorn oes keval tyaa runtime vatavaranat vatavaranat anuprayoganna samarpit aahe. chalavanyacha prayatna karnara itar konatahi code kinwa anuprayogatil (paiki) konatehi apayash, runtime vatavaran model. dhavpattiche vatavaran todalyane oo. ess. todate, serve prakriya thambavate aanee rebootchi aavashyakta asate. boot keval vachanyajogya smrutitoon asel tarr eka atyant surakshit, sopee, ekeri-mission pranali tayar kelee jaate.
asha thet ektrit runtime pranalinchya udaharananmadhye khaleel goshtincha samavesh hotoh
udaharane.
see bhashechi runtime pranali hii sankalkane karyanvit karnyayogya pratimet samavisht kelelya soochanancha eka vishisht sanch aahe. itar goshtimbarobarach, yaa soochana prakriyecha sanch vyavasthapit karatat, sthanik chalansathi jaaga tayar karatat aanee sanchakachya shirshasthani karya coll mapdandanchi prat kadhatat. 
konati bhasha vartan hii runtime pranalicha bhag aahe aanee konati konatyahi vishisht srot karyakramadvare nirdharit kelee jaau shakate heey nirdharit karnyasathi anekada konatehi spasht nikash nasatat. udaharanarth, see madhye, stackchi mandani haah runtime pranalicha bhag aahe. heey vaiyaktik karyakramachya shabdarthshastradvare nirdharit kele jaat nahee kaaran vartan jaagtik staravar aparivartaniy aaheh teey serve amalbajavanivar avalambun asate. heey paddhatshir vartan vishisht karyakramachya shabdarthshastrachi amalbajavani karnyachya ulat bhasheche amalbajavani model amalat aanate (jyamadhye majkurache thet kodmadhye bhashantar kele jaate jeey parinamanchi ganana karate).
ekhadya vishisht programchya shabdarthshastra aanee runtime vatavaranamadhil heey vibhajan program sankalit karnyachya vividh margandware pratibimbit hoteh serve karye asalelya object filemadhye soars code sankalit karane viruddha sampoorn programla executable binarymadhye sankalit karane. object filemadhye keval samavisht karyanshi sambandhit assembly code asel, tarr executable binarymadhye atirikt code asel joou runtime vatavaran amalat aanato. object file, ekikade, runtime vatavaranatun mahitee gahal asoo shakate jee link karoon sodavali jaeel. dusarikade, object filemadhil code ajunahi runtime pranalitil gruhitkanvar avalambun asato; udaharanarth, runtime vatavaranadvare vaparlya jaanarya colling conventionanusar, ekhade karya vishisht register kinwa stack sthanavaril parameters vachoo shakate.
dusare udaharan mhanje runtime pranalishi sanvad sadhanyasathi anuprayog programming interfaces (api) vaparnyache prakaran. tyaa apila honare coll heey niyamit software libraryla libraryla kolsarkhech disatat, matra collchya darmyan kahee tappyavar amalbajavaniche model badalate. runtime pranali granthalayat lihilelya bhashepeksha vegale amalbajavaniche model amalat aanate. samanya granthalayachi sanhita vachanari vyakti keval granthalay konatya bhashet lihile gele aahe heey jaanun gheuun granthalayachi vaganuk samajoo shakel. tathapi, runtime pranalicha vapar karnari apichi sanhita vachanari vyakti keval coll konatya bhashet lihili gelee hotee heey jaanun gheuun api collche vartan samajoo shakanar nahee. kahee tappyavar, kahee yantranedvare, amalbajavaniche model coll lihilelya bhasheche asane thambavate aanee runtime pranalidware amalat aanalele amalbajavaniche model banatat. udaharanarth, trap soochana hii amalbajavani model badalanyachi eka paddhat aahe. haah farakach piethredsasarkhya api-invoked execution modella nehamichya software libraripasoon vegale karato. piethreads coll aanee software library coll donhi epiaaydvare vaparale jaatat, parantu piethreadsche vartan collchya bhashechya drushtine samajale jaau shakat nahee. tyaeivaji, piethreads coll bahya amalbajavani model karyanvit karatat, jeey piethreads runtime pranalidware amalat aanale jaate (hii runtime pranali bahutekda oes curnell asate).
eka tokache udaharan mhanoon, bhautik cpukadech vishisht assembly bhashechya runtime pranalichi amalbajavani mhanoon pahile jaau shakate. yaa drushtikonatun, amalbajavaniche model bhautik see. pii. yuu. aanee smrutee pranalindware amalat aanale jaate. eka upama mhanoon, uchch-stariy bhashansathi runtime pranali itar kahee bhashancha vapar karoon swatah lagoo kelya jaatat. heey runtime pranalincha eka padanukram tayar karate, jyamadhye see. pii. yuu. swatach-kinwa pratyakshat microcode tharavar kinwa tyachya khalee tyache tarkshastra-sarvat khalchya patalichi runtime pranali mhanoon karya karate.
pragat vaishishtye.
kahee sankalit kinwa arth lavalelya bhasha eka interfaces pradan karatat jyamule anuprayog kodala runtime pranalishi thet sanvad sadhata yeto. jaava bhashetil cocksey _ 1 varg heey eka udaharan aahe. varg kodala (joou eka dhagyane animated keela jaato) itar dhage suru aanee thambavanyasarkhya goshti karnyas anumati deto. samanyatah, karya velapatrak aanee sansadhan vyavasthapan yasarkhe bhashechya vartanache mukhya pailu asha prakare upalabdh nasatat.
runtime pranalidware amalat aanalelya uchch-stariy vartananmadhye screenver majkoor rekhatane kinwa internet jodani karane yasarkhi kaame samavisht asoo shakatat. anekada asey ghadate qee karyapranali yaa prakarchya vartananchi dekhil purtata karate aanee jevha upalabdh asate, tevha karyapranalichi amalbajavani eka amoort thurr mhanoon kelee jaate, jee karyapranalichya aavahanala karyapranalichya aavahanat rupantarit karate. yamule vegvegalya karyapranalidware deu kelelya sevanmadhil guntagunt kinwa badal lapatat. heey asehi soochit karate qee oes karnalkade swatach eka runtime pranali mhanoon pahile jaau shakate aanee oes vartananche aavahan aavahan oes colcha sanch runtime pranalishi parasparkriya mhanoon pahila jaau shakato.
maryadet, runtime pranali pii-code machine kinwa aabhasi machinesarkhya seva pradan karoo shakate, jyaa processorchya soochana sanchalahi lapavatat. haah drushtikon anek arth arth bhasha jase qee aii. doubleu. keey. aanee jaava sarkhya kahee bhasha, jyaa kahee yantra-swatantra madhyavarti pratinidhitva kodmadhye (jase qee bitecode) sankalit kelya jaatat, tyancha aahe. hii vyavastha bhashechi amalbajavani aanee vividh yantranshi tyache julavun ghenyache kaam sope karate aanee pratibimbasarkhya atyadhunik bhasha vaishishtyanchi karyakshamta sudharate. heey tyach programla spasht punarsankalanachya payarishivay konatyahi mashinavar karyanvit karnyas dekhil anumati dete, heey vaishishtya world wide vebchya prasarapasoon khoop mahatvache jhaale aahe. amalbajavanila gatee denyasathi, kahee runtime pranalinmadhye machine kodasathi velevar sankalan kele jaate.
runtime pranalincha eka aadhunik pailu mhanje samantar amalbajavani vartan, jase qee piethreadsmadhye mutex rachana aanee openampimadhye samantar vibhag rachnadvare pradarshit vartan. asha samantar amalbajavani vartanansah dhavpatti pranalila proto-dhavpatti drushtikonanusar modular kele jaau shakate.
itihas.
runtime pranalinchi ullekhaneey prarambhik udaharane mhanje moolbhut aanee liskche dubhashiye. yaa vatavaranat kachara sangrahak dekhil hota. forward heey madhyavarti pratinidhitva kodmadhye sankalit karnyasathi tayar kelelya bhasheche prarambhik udaharan aahe; tyachi runtime pranali eka aabhasi machine hotee jyane tyaa kodacha arth lavala. aanakhi eka lokpriy, jarr saiddhantik asel tarr, udaharan mhanje donald nothcha mishra sanganak.
gatishil smrutee vatpala samarthan samarthan see aanee nantarchya bhashanmadhye, runtime pranalimadhye eka granthalay dekhil samavisht hote jeey programchya smrutee poolche vyavasthapan karate.
object-oriented programming bhashanmadhye, runtime pranali anekada dynamic prakar tapasani aanee nirakaran paddhati sandarbhansathi dekhil jababdar hotee.

