
ranganche tatvadnyan

ranganche tattvadnyan haah samajanyachya tattvadnyanacha eka upasanch aahe joou ranganchya aakalansheel anubhavachya swarupashi sambandhit aahe. ranganchya aakalanshaktichya konatyahi spasht vruttat, rung vastavadashi sambandhit bahyavad/antargatvad, rung heey bhautik gunadharm aahet jeey vastoo dharan karatat assa drushtikon aanee rung kalpanikvad, ranganmadhye asey konatehi bhautik gunadharm naheet assa drushtikon, hyanmadhye farak karananya vividh antological kinwa metaphysical drushtikonanpaiki ekashi bandhilaki asane aavashyak aahe.
itihas.
rangachya swarupabaddalachya tatvik chintancha shodh kiman anaxagorus (ii. sha. puu. 5vya shatkat) paryant lavala jaau shakato, jyane tyachya sofismamadhye rung vastavadala pasanti dileeh "burf heey gothalele paanee aahe. pann panyacha rung gadad asato. tyamule barfacha rung gadad asato."anaxagorus yanni dawa keela qee aamchi dharana satyapasoon vichalit jhaali aahe"...[indriyanchya] durbalatemule."nantar, democritus (sumare ii. sha. puu. 400) mhanel," paramparenusar god, paramparenusar kadoo, paramparenusar garam, paramparenusar thund, paramparik rangadvare; parantu satyatechya anoondvare aanee shoonya."anaxagorusche thet khandan kartana, pyronist tatvadnyani sextus empericus (sumare ii. sha. 160) yanni namood kele qee vegvegalya pranyanchya dolhyanmadhil farkanmule tyanchya rangachi dharana vegali asel aanee too rung heey ekhadya vishayache vaishishtya hote, vastuche nahee.
ranganche siddhant.
rung tattvadnyanatil eka vishay mhanje ranganchya antologychi samasya. udaharanarth, yaa sanshodhan kshetracha samavesh asalele prashna mhanje, rung konatya prakarche gunadharm aahet (i.eae. teey vastunche bhautik gunadharm aahet qaa? kinwa teey tyanchya swatachya prakarche gunadharm aahet qaa?), parantu ranganche pratinidhitva aanee ranganche pratinidhitva aanee tyanchya antological sanvidhanatil sambandhambabat dekhil samasya aahet.
ranganchya antologymadhye, vividh spardhatmak prakarche siddhant aahet. tyanche naate prasthapit karnyacha eka marg mhanje teey ranganna suee generis gunadharm mhanoon darshavtat qee nahee (vishesh prakarche gunadharm jeey adhik moolbhut gunadharm kinwa nakshatranmadhye qamee kele jaau shakat naheet). heey rung aadimvad aanee rung qamee karnyachya paddhatimadhye vibhajan karate. rangambaddalcha aadimvad haah konatahi siddhant aahe joou ranganna aparivartaniy gunadharm mhanoon spasht karato. rung itar gunadharmansarkhech kinwa qamee karata yenyajoge asatat, heey qamee karnyache mutt yachya ulat aahe. samanyatah rangabaddalcha qamee karnara drushtikon ranganna ekhadya vastuchi pravrutti mhanoon samjavananyanmadhye vishisht parinam ghadavun aananari kinwa agadi swabhavik shakti mhanoon spasht karato (yaa prakarchya drushtikonas anekada 'sambandhvad' asey mhanatat, kaaran teey samajananvar honanya parinamanchya drushtine ranganchi vyakhya karate, parantu tyala anekada fakt svabhavavad dekhil mhanatat-arthat vividh prakar astitvat aahet). yaa prakarchya drushtikonache samarthan karananya eka ullekhaneey siddhantkarache udaharan mhanje tatvadnya jonathan cohain.
qamee karnyacha aanakhi eka prakar mhanje rung bhautikvad. bhautikvad mhanje rung heey vastoonchya vishisht bhautik gunadharmansarkhech asatat assa drushtikon. samanyatah sambandhit gunadharm heey prushthbhagache paravartak gunadharm manale jaatat (jaree prushthbhagachya ranganvyatirikt ranganchi nond dekhil aahe). byrn, hilbert aanee calderon yaa drushtikonachya aavruttyanche samarthan karatat. teey paravartan prakaransah rung olakhatat.
paravartan prakar haah paravartanancha sanch kinwa prakar asato aanee paravartan haah drishyaman varnpatatil pratyek tarangalambisathi nirdisht kelelya prakashachya vishisht takkevarila paravartit karnyasathi prushthbhagachi pravrutti asate.
yaa prakarchya sambandhvad aanee bhautikvad yaa donhi goshti vastavadi siddhant mhanoon olakhalya jaatat, kaaran rung kaay aahet heey nirdisht karnyavyatirikt, teey rangeet goshti astitvat asalyache manatat.
aadimvad ektar vastavadi kinwa virodhi asoo shakato, kaaran aadimvad fakt assa dawa karato qee rung itar konatyahi goshtisathi qamee karata yet naheet. kahee aadimvadi pudhe swikartat qee, jaree rung heey adim gunadharm asale taree, konatyahi vastavik kinwa navshastriyadrushtya sambhavya vastunmadhye teey nasatat. yaa drushtikonatun, aapan jyapramane rangeet vastoo darshavato, tyapramane aapan rangbhranshanna balee padato. yaa karanastav, rung kadhihi tatkal asatat heey nakarnanya aadimvadala truti siddhant mhanatat.
rangeet pravachan.
jarr rung kalpanikta kharee asel aanee jagala rung nastil, tarr ekhadyane fakt rangeet charcha thambavavi aanee nehmi ekmekanshi bhidnare kapade ghalave qaa? "nirdeshatmak rung kalpaniktavad" nahee mhanel. nirdeshatmak rung kalpaniktavad" madhye, jaree rung pravachan, katekorpane sangayache tarr, khote asale, taree rung gunadharm astitvat aahet asey dainandin jeevanat tyacha vapar suru thewala pahije.
rung drushti haah samkalin vishleshanatmak tattvadnyanacha eka mahattvacha bhag banala kaaran lio harvich sarkhya shastradnyanni assa dawa keela hota qee 1980 chya dashakat anubhavjanya manasshastradnyanna rung drushtiche sharirik aanee majjasansthesambandhi pailu purnapane samajale hote. yaa vishayavaril eka mahattvache kaam see. ell. hardinche 'tatvadnyanansathi rung', jyane anubhavjanya manasshastradnyanchya aashcharyakarak anubhavjanya nishkarshanche spashtikaran dile qee rung heey kadachit bhautik jagacha bhag asoo shakat naheet, parantu tyaeivaji teey purnapane mansik vaishishtye aahet.
david hilbert aanee alekzandar byrn yanni tyanchi karkird rung drushtishi sambandhit tatvik samasyansathi samarpit kelee aahe. rung haah bhautik jagacha bhag aahe, asey byrn aanee hilbert yanni alpamatat sthan ghetale aahe. nigel jeey.tii. thomas yaa yuktivadache vishesh spasht sadarikaran karatat. jeey. chya paramparet, manasshastradnya george boeri. jeey. gibson, visheshtah prakashala rung niyukt karato aanee serve sanvedanatmak anubhavasathi rung vastavadachi kalpana vistarato, jyaa drushtikonacha too "darjedar vastavad" mhanoon ullekh karato.
jonathan cohain (yuu. see. ess. dii. chey) aanee michael tye (utt austinche) yannihi rung drushtivar anek nibandh lihile aahet. cohain heey sambandhvadi jahiranamyat rung drushtichya shabdarthanchya sandarbhat rung sambandhvadachya nirvivad bhoomikesathi yuktivad karatat. laal aanee vastavik bhashet, cohain tyachya shabdarthshastrapasun tyachya adhibhautikiparyant samanyikrut honanya rung tattvadnyanachya sandarbhat yaa sthanasathi yuktivad karatat. kohenchya karyamule hardinpasoon suru jhalelya rangachya vishayavaril jordar charchecha shevat hoto.
itar goshtimbarobarach, rung pahanyacha ekach yogya marg aahe assa yuktivad michael tye karatat. tyamule, rangandhale aanee bahutek sastan pranyanna kharokharach rung drushti nasate kaaran tyanchi drushti "samanya" manavanchya drushtipeksha vegali asate. tyachpramane, adhik pragat rung drushti asalele prani, jaree lokanpeksha vastoo vegale karnyas adhik saksham asale taree, tyanchi drushti manavanpeksha vegali asalyamule tyanna rung bhramancha tras hoto. tyne 'true blue' navachya nibandhat heey vishisht sthan pudhe nele.
paul churchlandne (yuu. see. ess. dii. chya) tyachya qamee karananya bhautikvadachya aavruttivar rung drushti vidnyanachya prabhavavar dekhil vistrut tippani kelee aahe. 1980 chya dashakat paul churchlandchya drushyane drushtipatalat rung aadhalale. parantu tyache alikadil drushya rung mahitee pravahat sakhol spectral opponency peshinmadhye rung shodhate. paul churchlandche mutt byrn aanee hilbertchya drushtikonasarkhech aahe, parantu tyat farak aahe qee tyat rung drushtichya vyaktinishth swarupavar bharr deela gela aahe aanee majjatantu jaalyanmadhil coding vectors vyaktinishth rung olakhale gele aahet.
rung hii purnapane mansik rachana aahe, jagachi sharirik vaishishtye naheet, yaa drushtikonache samarthan karnyasathi anek tatvadnya anubhavjanya manasshastradnyanche anusaran karatat. aashchary mhanje, jyaa bahutek tattvadnyanni yaa vishayala vyapakpane sambodhit kele aahe tyanni rangvirodhi jaagtik staravar sanrakshn karananya anubhavjanya manashastradnyanviruddha rung vastavadache rakshan karnyacha prayatna keela aahe.
jonathan cohain yanni rung darshan aanee rung vidnyan, "rung ontology aanee rung vidnyan" yaa rung tattvadnyanachya vishayavaril nibandhanchya sankalanache sampadan kele aahe.
ulate spectrum.
inverted spectrum haah eka vichar prayog aahe joou johnn loke yanchya manvi samajutishi sambandhit nibandhapasun suru hoto. teey kwaliyachya swarupavar charcha karnyasathi rung vaparte. lokene spasht kelyapramaneh
rung kalpanikvadyancha assa yuktivad aahe qee, aapan ulatya ranganchya varnapatala samajoon ghenyachi kalpana karoo shakato, tyamule tyaa rangane eka gunadharm darshavila pahije joou goshti aaplyakade kasha disatat heey nirdharit karato, tarihi tyala konatahi bhautik aadhar nahee.
merichi kholee.
merichi kholee haah dnyanachya yuktivadala aadhar denara eka vichar prayog aahe. rangeet vastavad aanee adhik vyapakpane bhautikvadacha pratikar karnyasathi haah eka yuktivad hota. vichar prayog mulat phrank jackson yanni khalilpramane prastavit keela hotah