
claude lauren

claude lauren (; janm claude gelee, jyala frenchmadhye leey lauren mhanatat; paramparikpane ingrajimadhye fakt claude; see. 1600-23 november 1682) heey barok yugatil eka french chitrakar, masuda tayar karnare aanee koreev kaam karnare hote. tyanni tyanche bahutansh ayushya italimadhye vyateet kele aanee dutch suvarnayugachya chitrakaletil tyanchya samkalin kalakaranvyatirikt, landscape paintingwar laksh kendrit karananya sarvat suruvatichya mahattvachya kalakaranpaiki eka aahet. tyachya bhupradeshanche rupantar samanyatah baibal kinwa shastriy pauranik kathanmadhil eka drushyache pratinidhitva karananya kahee chhotya aakrutyanchya jodanidware itihas chitranchya adhik pratishthit shailit kele jaate.
1630 chya dashakachya akheris too italitil aaghadicha bhudrushyashastradnya mhanoon sthapit jhaala aanee tyachya kamasathi tyala mothya pramanat shulk aakarle gele. tyache bhupradesh haloohaloo mothe jhaale, parantu qamee aakrutinsah, adhik kaljipurvak rangavale gele aanee qamee darane tayar kele gele. suryaprakashala anek chitranmadhye sadar karane aanee suryaprakash pravahit karane vagalata, jeey purvi durmil hote, teey samanyatah landscape pentingmadhye navnirmate navhate. aata too eka french chitrakar manla jaato, parantu tyacha janm lorenchya swatantra duchymadhye jhaala hota aanee tyache jawaljawal serve chitra italimadhye kele gele hote; 19 vya shatkachya uttaradhapurvi tyala 'roman shalecha' chitrakar manale jaat asey. tyache aashraydate dekhil bahutek italian hote, parantu tyachya mrutyunantar too ingraji sangrahakartyanmadhye khoop lokpriy jhaala aanee tyachya kamanche mothe praman brittenmadhye aahe.
too lekhanitil rekhachitrancha eka vipul nirmata hota aanee byanchdaa ekvarni jalrang 'wash', sahasa tapkiri parantu kadhikadhi rakhadi. khaducha vapar kadhikadhi qamee-rekhatanisathi keela jaato aanee vividh madhyamanmadhye pandhya rangavar prakash taknyacha vapar keela jaau shakato, qamee vela gulabisarkhe itar rung. heey teen baryapaiki bhinn gatanmadhye yetat. pratham, tethe mothya sankhyene rekhachitre aahet, mukhytah bhupradeshachi, aanee varvar pahata byanchdaa tyaa thikani kelee jaatat; hyache khoop kautuk jhaale aahe aanee itar kalakaranvar tyancha prabhav padala aahe. nantar chitransathi, vividh patalyanchya samaptiche abhyas aahet, anek chitrakalechya prakriyepoorvi kinwa darmyan spashtapane kele jaatat, parantu itar kadachit tyanantar purn jhaale. shevatchya gatachya babatit heey nishchitach hote, tyachya 'lieber veritatis' (aata british sangrahalayat) madhye gola kelelya purn kelelya chitranchi nond karnari 195 rekhachitre. tyane pramukhyane 1642 purvi 40 hoon adhik koreev kaam kele, bahutekda chitranchya sopya aavrutya. yaa chitranni tyachyasathi vividh uddesh sadhya kele, parantu aata tyanchya rekhachitranpeksha khoopach qamee mahattvache manale jaatat. tyanni tyanchya karkirdichya suruvatichya kalat bhittichitre rangavali, jyanni tyanchi pratishtha nirman karnyat mahattvachi bhoomika bajavali, parantu aata jawaljawal serve haravale aahet.
charitra.
claudche sarvat june charitra joachim wonn sandrartchya 'tutious akadami' (1675) aanee philippo baldinukkichya 'notizi dii' professory dell digno daa simabyu inn kwa '(1682-1728) madhye aahet. sandrart aanee baldinuchi heey doghehi chitrakarala vaiyaktikaritya olakhat hote, parantu tyanchya karkirdichya suruvatila aanee tyanchya mrutyuchya kahee kaal aadhi, asha kahee kalkhandat teey sumare 50 varshanchya antaravar hote. sanderart tyala changlya prakare olakhat hota aanee kahee kaal tyachyasobat rahila, tarr baldinuchi kadachit tyachyashi jawalcha navhata aanee tyane tyachi barichashi mahitee claudchya putanyakadun midavali, joou kalakarasobat rahat hota.
claudchya thadgyavar 1600 heey tyache janm varsh asalyache sangitale aahe, parantu samkalin srot nantarchi tarikh, sumare 1604 kinwa 1605 darshavtat. tyacha janm camen, voces yaa chhotya gavat jhaala hota, joou tevha laurenchya duchycha bhag hota. jeane gelee aanee enee pados yanchya paach mulanpaiki too tisra hota.
baldinuchichya matey, claude baaraa varshancha asatana tyache aaee-vadil doghanchehi nidhan jhaale aanee nantar too eka mothya bhavasobat (jeane gelee) freeberg yethe rahat hota. jeane heey jadavkamat eka kalakar hote aanee tyanni rekhatanyachya moolbhut goshti spasht shikavalya. tyanantar claudne italila pravas keela, pratham nepalsmadhye kaam kele, nantar rommadhil agostino tussichya karyashalet sameel jhaale.
claudchya suruvatichya varshambaddal sanderartcha vruttant matra khoopach vegala aahe aanee aadhunik vidwan samanyatah yala pradhanya detat kinwa donhi ekatra karnyacha prayatna karatat. sandrartchya matey, claudney gavatil shalet changli kamgiri kelee nahee aanee too eka pastery bekarkade shikat hota. sahkari swayampaki aanee bakerschya eka companybarobar (laurenchi patisarisathi uchch pratishtha hotee), claudne romla pravas keela aanee akheris tyala tasinkade sevak aanee swayampaki mhanoon niyukt karnyat aale, jyane ekekali tyala prashikshanarthimadhye rupantarit kele aanee tyala chitrakala aanee chitrakala shikavale. wall aanee tussy heey donhi bhudrushyashastradnya hote, pahile atishay aspasht aanee lahan kaame tayar karnare hote, tarr tussy (artemisia gentileshicha balatkari mhanoon olakhala jaanara) rajvadyanmadhye bhittichitra yojnanmadhye vishesh asaleli eka mothee karyashala hotee.
claudchya 1620chya dashakapurvichya jivanacha tapasheel aspasht asala taree, bahutek aadhunik vidwan heey manya karatat qee too sumare id1chya aaspaschya lokansathi aanee sumare id2 teey 1625 paryant tussisathi prashikshan ghet hota. shevati, baldinuchine ahwal deela qee 1625 madhye claudney claude deruates prashikshan ghenyasathi laurenla parat pravas keela, haravalelya bhittichitra yojanechya parshvabhumivar kaam kele, parantu tulanene lavkarach, 1626 kinwa 1627 madhye tyacha studio sodala. too romla paratala aanee margutta marge, spanish payya aanee trinita dei montijavalachya gharat sthayik jhaala, joou tyache urvarit ayushya tyaa parisarat rahila.
tyachya pravasadarmyan, claude kahee kaal marcels, genoa aanee venis yethe rahila aanee tyala france, itali aanee baveriyamadhye nisargacha abhyas karanyachi sandhee midali. 1620 chya dashakachya uttaradhat sanderart claudla bhetala aanee tyane sangitale qee toparyant kalakarala gharabaher, visheshtah pahate aanee sandhyakali, chitra kadhanyachi, jaagich telacha abhyas karanyachi savay hotee. 1629 pasoonche claudche pahile dinankit chitra, 'pashu aanee shetkyansah landscape' (philadelphiya museum auph aart), aadhich suvikasit shaili aanee tantra darshavate. pudhil kahee varshant tyachi pratishtha satatyane vadhat hotee, jyacha purava rommadhil french rajdoot (1633) aanee spaincha raja (1634-35) yanchya aayogatoon midato. baldinukkine nondavale qee eka vishesh mahattvachi jababdari cardinal bentivogliokadun aalee, joou tyachyasathi rangavalelya done landscape claudney prabhavit jhaala aanee tyane kalakarala pope urban VIII kadey shifaras kelee. popasathi 'id1' madhye chaar chitre banavanyat aalee hotee, done mothee aanee done lahan tambyavar.
tevhapasoon, claudchi pratishtha surakshit jhaali. tyanni italian aanee aantarrashtriy asha donhi prakarchya anek mahattvachya aayoganchi purtata kelee. 1636 chya sumaras tyane tyachya kamanchi yadee tayar karnyas suruvat kelee, jawaljawal serve chitre purn jhalyavar tyanchi paine aanee wash rekhachitre tayar kelee, jaree nehmi bhinn aavrutya nasalya taree aanee bahutek rekhachitranchya mage tyane kharedidarache naav lihile, jeey aata tyanna olakhanyasathi nehmich purese spasht nasate. yaa khandala 'lieber veritatis' (satyache pustak) asey naav denyat aale aahe.
1650 madhye, claude paolinamarge (aaj dell babuno marge) shejarchya gharat rahayala gela, jithe too tyachya mrutyuparyant rahila. kalakarane kadhihi lagn kele nahee, parantu 1658 madhye eka anath mool, agnis dattak ghetale; tee kadachit tyach navachya nokarasah claudchi swatachi mulgi asavi. claudchya bhavanchi mule 1662 madhye (jeane, dennis gelicha mulga) aanee 1680 chya sumaras (joseph, melchiyar gelicha mulga) gharat sameel jhaali. 1663 madhye claude, jyala sandhivatane khoop tras jhaala hota, too gambhirpane aajari padala, tyachi prakruti itaki gambhir jhaali qee tyane eka vasuleet tayar kelee, parantu too barah honyat yashasvi jhaala. 1670 nantar tyane qamee rung kadhale, parantu tyaa tarkhenantar purn jhalelya kamanmadhye prasiddha sangrahak cardinal camillo masimosathi rangavalelya 'perseus kinarpattiche drushya aanee koralche mool' (1674) aanee 'escanius shooting daad stagg auph sylvia', claudche shevatche chitra, jeey tyachya shevatchya varshatil sarvat mahatvache aashraydate prince lorenzo onophrio kolonane tayar kele hote, yasarkhya mahattvachya chitrancha samavesh aahe. 23 november 1682 roji kalakar tyachya gharee maran pavala. tyala moolatah trinita dei monty yethe daphan karnyat aale hote, parantu tyache avashesh 1840 madhye sann luigi dei francessi yethe halavanyat aale.
tyanchya mrutyunantar, tyanchyakade tyanchi keval chaar chitre hotee, parantu tyanchi bahutansh rekhachitre hotee. lieber veritates' vyatirikt yapaiki anek bandhane asalelya khandanmadhye, 12 bandhane asaleli pustake aanee eka motha 'cases' kinwa sail patrakancha folder yancha ullekh asalela satha hota. paach kinwa sahaa mothe bandhane tyachya varasanna denyat aalee hotee, jyat 'tivoli pustak', 'campagna pustak', 'prarambhik rekhachitra pustak' aanee 'animal album' yancha samavesh hota, jeey serve aata tutale aanee vikhurale gele, jaree patrake sankhyabaddha asalyane tyanchya samagrichi mothya pramanat vidvananni punarrachana kelee aahe.
shaili aanee vishay.
prabhav.
claudchi shaili aanee vishay yaa donhichi nivad italitil landscape pentingchya paramparetoon vadhali, mukhytah rome, jyache netrutva uttarekadil shailit prashikshit uttarekadil kalakar karatat. 1575 chya sumaras mathigecha brill antwerp yethoon rommadhye aala hota aanee lavkarach tyacha bhau paul tyala sameel jhaala. suruvatila mothya bhittichitranchya parshvabhoomichya rupat, donhi bhudrushyanmadhye visheshikrut hote, haah marg kahee dashakannantar laurenne dekhil ghetala hota. mathies 33 vya varshi maran pavale parantu paul claudchya tethe yenyaparyant rommadhye sakriy rahile, jaree tyanchyat konatihi bhet nondavali gelee nahee. hans rottenhammer aanee addam elshemer heey brillshey sambandhit itar uttarekadil landscapist hote, jyanni khoop aadhi rome sodale hote.
yaa kalakaranni chhotya cabinet chitranchi shaili sadar kelee, bahutekda tambyavar, jithe aakrutyanvar tyanchya bhupradeshachya sabhovatalache varchasva hote, jeey baryachada daat jungle hote jeey agrabhagi aakrutyanchya mage phaar door thewale jaat navhate. paul brilane mothee chitre rangvayala suruvat kelee hotee, jithe ghatakancha aakar aanee santulan aanee vaparlelya bhupradeshacha prakar, bhavishyatil claudchya kamachya jawal aahe, jyat chitrachya rundichya byanch bhagachya mage vyapak khule drushya aahe.
rommadhye kaam karananya itar sataravya shatkatil kalakaransah, claudver venetomadhye solavya shatkachya madhyapasoon uttaradhaparyant udayas aalelya landskepchya shailitil naveen ruchichahi prabhav hota; venesianmadhye janmalele chitrakar domenico campagnola aanee padua aanee venis yaa donhi thikani rahana dutch kalakar lambert sustricepasoon suruvat jhaali. rommadhye tyanchya brashian vidyarthi girolamo muzianochya kamat landscapemadhe rus pratham udayas aala, jyala ill giovane dei pese (landskepcha tarun manus) shaharat topananav midale. hii parampara itar uttarekadil strotanshi ektrit jhalyanantar, 1602 pasoon rommadhye asalelya domenichinosarkhya boloni kalakaranni anek 'landscape' rekhatale..."pauranik katha, dharm aanee sahitya tasech shailichya drushyanmadhun ghetalele vishay. hya rachananchya eka bhagat sahasa ughada drushtikon asato, tasech dusya bhagat eka unch tekadi asate. jaree kahee chhotya aakrutyanmadhil krutee hinsak asali taree, bhupradesh shantata darshavato. rachana kaljipurvak aanee santulit aahet aanee claudchya rachananchi vaat pahat aahet. annibel carachy (see. 1604) heey shatkachya suruvatichya sarvottam italian bhupradeshanpaiki eka aahe, parantu kadachit claudpeksha pusinche agradoot aahe.
tyachya paddhatimadhye, lauren anekada landscapemadhe ghatak thevanyasathi madhyam aanee karn reshanchya greedcha vapar karat asey jenekarun eka gatishil aanee susanvadi rachana tayar hoil jyamadhye landscape aanee vastukala rikamya jageviruddha santulit asel.
suruvatichi kaame.
claudchi sarvat junie chitre yaa donhi gatantoon kadhaleli aahet, jee nantarchya tulanet byanchdaa lahan aahet. agostino tussy haah paul brilcha shishya asoo shakato aanee tyacha prabhav visheshtah claudchya suruvatichya kamanmadhye, mothya aakarat spasht hoto, tarr sumare 1631 chya kahee lahan kamanmadhye elzheimerchi aathvan yete. rogger fryney mhatalyapramane, tyachya aakruti rekhachitrala samanyatah "kukhyatpane kamkuvat" mhanoon olakhale jaat asale taree, suruvatila claudmadhye tyachya purvavartinpeksha adhik aakruti samavisht asatat.
byanchdaa nantarchya kalapeksha, yaa aakrutya keval shailitil karmchari hoteh mendhpal, pravasi aanee khalashi, jeey tyaa drushyasathi yogya hote. 1630 chya dashakachya suruvatila pahile dharmik aanee pauranik vishay disu lagale, bahudha 1631 chya egyptmadhye uddan aanee parisacha nirnay, donhi atishay samanya vishay aahet.."shaili. nantarchi jodee heey bandaratil agadi suruvatiche drushya aahe, jyat aadhich unch shastriy imarati aahet, eka prakarchi rachana claude tyachya urvarit karkirdit vaparali jaat hotee.
aakruti aanee itar gair-bhudrushya ghatak.
aakade.
jaree aksharshah pratyek chitrat aakruti asatat, jaree keval mendhpal asala taree, tyanchi kamjori nehmich olakhali gelee aahe, kiman swatah claudware nahee; baldinuchichya matey tyane vinod keela qee tyane tyachya bhupradeshasathi shulk aakarle, parantu tyaa aakruti vinamulya dilya. sanderartchya matey, tyane sudharana karnyasathi barech prayatna kele hote, parantu teey yashasvi jhaale naheet; tyachya rekhachitranmadhye, samanyatah aakrutinchya gatansathi, nishchitach asankhya abhyas aahet. tyane kahee kamanmadhil aakruti itarankade rangvinyasathi sopavalya asey anekada manale jaate, parantu aata ashee kahee prakarane aahet yavar sarvasadharanpane sahmati jhaali aahe. baldinuchine yaa sandarbhat philippo lauricha ullekh keela aahe, parantu tyacha janm keval 1623 madhye jhaala hota aanee too keval 1640 chya dashakapasun asey kaam karoo shakala asata. londonchya ell. vhee. 67 madheel aanee 1642 madheel courtalled gallerymadheel chhotya 'tivolichya kalpanik drushyasah landscape' madheel swar haah samkalin poshakh paridhan karananya tyachya shevatchya aakrutinpaiki eka aahe. tyanantar tyaa sarvanni 'pashupalan poshakh' kinwa 17 vya shatkatil pracheen poshakhachi kalpana paridhan kelee.
tyachya shevatchya varshanmadhye tyachya aakruti adhik lamb hott jaatat, tyachya shevatchya chitrat, "escanius sylviachya dagavar golibar karato", hii prakriya tokachya patalivar nenyat aalee, jyapaiki tyacha malak, ashmolian sangrahalay dekhil mhanato qee "shikari ashakyapane lamb aahet-visheshtah escanius, murkhpane uchch-judd aahe". tyachya latakalelya 'dido aanee aniass karthejache drushya' (1676, kunsthalle, hamberg) madhye jawaljawal titakich tokachi aakruti aahe. 20vya shatkachya madhyat kaledware vaidyakeey nidanasathi, asey suchavale gele hote qee claudney asha parinamansathi eka optical sthitee vikasit kelee hotee, parantu doctor aanee samikshakanni heey samanpane nakarle aahe.
vastukala.
claudney tyachya aayushyat ajunahi punarujjivan aanee barok roman vastukala darshavinari kvachitach chitrit keleli bhaugolik drushye, parantu kalpanik imarati ubharanyasathi anekada tyanchyakadun udhar ghetali. tyachya chitranchya agrabhagajavalil bahutek imarati samanyatah shastriy shailitil bhavya kalpit mandire aanee rajwade aahet, parantu pausinchya samatulyanmadhye disana puratatviy kathoratecha prayatna keela nahee. pracheen aanee aadhunik asha donhi prakarchya vastavik imaratinmadhun ghatak ghetale jaatat aanee tayar kele jaatat aanee rajvadyacha pracheen mukhavata kassa disato yabaddal jaast mahitee naslyamule, tyache rajwade punarujjivanachya uttaradhatil roman rajvadyansarkhe aahet, jyat tyache anek grahak rahat hote. jyaa imarati qamee spashtapane disatat, jase qee tyachya parshvabhoomitil zadanvar anekada ugavanare manore, bahutekda romchya aaspas tyane pahilelya sthanik aanee madhyayugeen imaratinsarkhe asatat.
aadhunik" imarati asalelya ardh-bhaugolik chitrakaleche eka udaharan (tyaeivaji ashee adhik rekhachitre aahet) mhanje "romche drushya" (1632,1319), jeey claudchya gharachya chhatavarun disanare drushya darshavate asey disate, jyat tyache parrish church aanee santa trinita dell monteche prarambhik dafansthan aanee vichitra rajvadyasarkhya itar imarati samavisht aahet. heey drushya chitrakalechya davya bajula aahe, parantu ujavikade, aadhunik poshakhatil shailichya vyaktinchya gatachya mage (claudsathi adviteey, heey dutch merrie company paramparetil veshyavyavasayache drushya darshavtat), apolochi moorti aanee roman mandir praveshdwar aahe, jeey donhi ektar purnapane kalpanik aahet kinwa kiman tyanchya vastavik thikani thevalele naheet.
rashtriy dalanmadhil (1644, enji5) eka samanya "bandarat", 1570 chya sumaras furney baag aanee roman manchadarmyan bandhalelya praveshdvaravar vistarlela rajvadyacha mukhavata, tituschya kamanajaval aahe, joou yethe dusya rajvadyacha bhag aahe. tyaa varnamage tyane aadhi vaparlelya rajvadyachi punaravrutti hote, joou rommadhil aanee tyachya aaspaschya anek imaratinmadhun ghetala gela aahe, jyat villa fernacina aanee palazzo cineterio yancha samavesh aahe. ascaniusla latiummadhye corinthian kramane purnapane vikasit eka mothe dagadi mandir kase sapadale, jeey anek shatkanpasun khandit hott aahe, assa prashna vicharanyat arth nahee.
pathvani.
claudcha kalbahyapana talhanyat rus nasane kadachit tyachya bandarachya drushyanmadhil jahajanmadhye sarvat spashtapane disun yete. aakrutincha vishay aanee poshakh samkalin, pauranik asso kinwa roman kinwa madhyayugeen itihasatil asso, mothee jahaje sahasa teech adyayavat vyapari jahaje asatat. kahee mothya ranganchya gaulya disatat, jase qee palentium shaharasamor aniaschya aagmanasah landscapemadhe ('ultery clouds', anglessy ebipaiki eka), jithe virgilcha majkoor gally nirdisht karato. parshvabhoomitil jahaje pracheen vatavaran pratibimbit karnyacha prayatna karanyachi adhik shakyata aahe; londonmadhye "shebachya ranichya aarohanasah bandar" (1648, aine. jee. 14) rachanechya madhyabhagi asalele jahaj aadhunik aahe, itar qamee aahet.
gambhir moolyankan aanee varsa.
tyachya 'shebachya raniche aarohan' yaa chitrat disalyapramane, claude tyachya chitranmadhye sooryacha prakash srot mhanoon samavesh karnyat navinyapurn hota.
rome, brill, girolamo muziano aanee federico zukaro aanee nantar elzheimer, annibel carachy aanee domenichino yanni tyanchya kahee rekhachitre aanee chitranmadhye (tasech tyanchya khajgi rekhachitranmadhye daa vincy kinwa 'vedute' chya sajavatichya bhittichitranmadhye baldasare peruzi) landscape vistasla pramukh banavale; parantu assa yuktivad keela jaau shakato qee claudchya pidhiparyant, landscape purnapane eka saundarya drushtikon pratibimbit karat navhata joou romchya sanskrutik jagaat tyachya naitik uddeshat purnapane swayatt mhanoon pahila jaat hota.
bhupradeshachya mahattvavishayichya yaa babatit, claude purvanishchit hota. premprakaranpurv yugat rahana tyane, nantarchya shatkanmadhye jyaa nirjan drushye manali javeet, jase qee salvatore rosa, tyanche chitran kele nahee. tyane kille aanee shaharanpasun kahee antaravar nasalelya shete aanee dyanche pashupalan jug chitrit kele. jarr mahasagarachi kshitij darshavili gelee asel tarr tee eka vyast bandarachya mandanitun aahe. kadachit udatt sankalpananchya chitranchi lokanchi garaj bhagavanyasathi, jaree tyanchi vipul rekhachitre aanee rekhachitre hii tyanna drushyakalet adhik rus asalyache siddha karatat, taree tyanchya chitranmadhye devata, nayak aanee santancha samavesh aahe.
claude laurenche varnan tyachya vidyarthyanprati dayalu aanee mehanati, atyant palanara, parantu mrutyuparyant eka ashikshit manus asey kele gele.
johnn constablene claudche varnan "jagane aataparyant pahilela sarvat paripoorn landscape chitrakar" asey kele aanee ghoshit kele qee claudchya landscapemadhe "serve kahee sunder aahe-serve sauhardpurn-serve sukhsoy aanee vishranti aahe; hrudayacha shant suryaprakash".
kachecha kaach.
englandmadhil laurenchya navavarun thevalelya claude glassney jaree tyacha vapar keela kinwa tyabaddal kinwa tatsam kahihi mahitee nasale taree, vastavik drushyache frame kelele aanee gadad rangache pratibimb dile, jeey kalakaranna tyachya sarkhya kalakruti tayar karnyas madat karel asey manale jaat hote aanee paryatakanna claudian sutranusar drushye samayojit karnyasathi. nayanaramya aadarshancha shodh lavnare william gilpin yanni claude glasschya vaparache samarthan kele aanee mhatale, "teey nisargachya vastoola tyaa guruchya rangapramane mauu, madhur rung detat."
paryatak aanee haushi kalakar claude chashma mothya pramanavar vaparat asat, jeey patkan vyangache lakshya banale. hyoog cycs daviesne tyanna rangvu ichchit asalelya vastupasoon door tyanche tond pahile, tippani kelee, "nisargaprati tyanchya vruttiche heey atishay vaishishtyapurn aahe qee ashee sthitee vanchhaniy asavi."<bii. aar.>