
etruscan nanee

egyptian, finician aanee carthagenian lokanpramanech, etruscan lock nanyancha shodh swikaranyat jaraa haloo hote. etruscan nanyancha alpakal, moolya chinhachya varchasvasah, done atishay bhinn aarthik pranalincha milaf karnara eka milaf asalyache disateh madhya italichi 'adim' kansya-vajanachi aanee esachi gambhir arthvyavastha aanee etruriashi parichit nasalelya dakshin italian greek prakarchya chandi aanee sonyachya samasyanshi.
chandi aanee sone.
ii. sha. puu. 5vya shatkachya suruvatila 1868chya voltera sathyache auriol-prakarche chandiche ansh bajula saroon, jeey bahudha etruscan utpadanache naheet, sarvat junie chhapaleli chandichi nanee vulsey aanee populoniachi asalyache disate. tridracum, dedrecum kinwa staters aanee dracumchya yaa pahilya samasyansathi 5 vya shatkatil shrey dene vajvi aahe kaaran teey saiddhantikdrushtya sumare 5.8 gramchya 'chalcidian' chandichya dracum mankanvar aadalalele disatat, jeey etruriachya sarvat jawalchya greek shejari, mhanje.eae. ii. sha. puu. sumare 475-470 madheel aanee himera, naxos aanee jhankal yasarkhya 5vya shatkachya suruvatila etruscan samudra-vahatya vyaparasathi mahattvachya asalelya itar greek shaharanmadhil kyume. hii nanee greek shailichi aahet, parantu etruscan chav asaleli aahet aanee dusht rakshasanna door karananya videshi prani aanee rakshasanchi 'apotropike' pratima pahanyachi tyanchi aavad aahe. vakr pattyanchi chake dekhil 5 vya shatkatil kahee macedonian aadivasi nanyanchi aathvan karoon detat. heey suruvatiche mudde durmil aahet aanee tyanchi niryat jhaleli disat nahee; tyanche konatehi moolya chinh nahee aanee tyanche vitaran maryadit asave.
vulsey aanee populoniachya namnirdeshit nanichya samaan 'chalcidian' vajanachya mankanvar jaaree kelelya, parantu 5 chee kimmat asalelya, vichitrapane koralelya purush dokyasah chandichya dedrecomcha eka issue, 4 vya shatkachya shevatchya timahit kinwa nantarchya kalat lukala tatpurata shrey denyat aala aahe. teey sumare 2.25 gramchya ekach chandichya ekkashi sambandhit aahet, jeey kadachit greek litrapasoon vyutpann kansya kinwa librachya chandichya samatulya pratinidhitva karatat. yaa purushanchya dokyannantar kadachit adhik bareek utpadit aktopas/anfora sylver malika hotee, jee 'chalcidian' mankanvar dekhil aadalali hotee, parantu pahilyachya mulyachya achook duppat ekkansah. 20, 10 aanee 5 yaa mulyanchya chinhanvarun, chandiche ekak kinwa sumare 1.13 gramm, andaje eka roman scrupple milate aanee kadachit chandichya sandarbhat kansya ekkache avmoolyan darshavate.
5vya shatkachya madhyat syracuse aanee itar cicilian tankshalanmadhye litrachya chandichya unsecial anshansathi aanee akragas yethe, chandichya 5-litrela pentetronsathi πεν aanee litrasathi i asey soochit kelya jaananya prathenusar, populonia heey tyachya nanyanvar moolya chinh thevanare pahile etruscan shahar asoo shakate. pahilya metus malikechi tarikh 5 vya shatkachya uttaradhat isonzochya madhyamatoon, prestino yethe nuktyach jhalelya utkhananadvare nondavali gelee aahe, tyanantarchya chauthya shatkachya suruvatichya utkhananatil tyach maliketil durmil 5-unit tukadyachya shodhadvare pushti jhalelya kalkramat golasekka yetheel etruscan abhayaranya, tappa 3 aii 2 starapasoon. sumare 8.6 gramchya saiddhantik vajanasah corinthian stater (kinwa etic dedrecum) heey vajan manak vaparale jaate, jeey 10,5 aanee 2 unitsmadhye vibhagale gele aahe jeey 0.86 gramchya cicilian sylver litre mankavar asalyache disate. ii. sha. puu. sumare 470-455 madheel etruriacha sarvat jawalcha greek shejari asalelya kyuma yethe pramanit kelelya 'corinthian' mankanvar staterschya ankane yaa ankasathi metrological model pradan kele asave, jeey etruscan ankee x (= 10) neey darshavile gele hote; sambandhit apurnank aahet, v (= 5) aanee ii <(= 2).
20, 10 aanee 5 ekkanche moolya asalelya etruscan mankannusar prachand asaleli populoniachi dusari metus sylver malika, harkal aanee mainvra 20-ekake, purush aanee stree haid 10, aanee purush haid 5,2 aanee 1 unit sarkhyach metrological mankanvar aahe aanee metrological associationdware, metus, sinhache haid, purush aanee stree haid 50 teey 10 unit sonyachya samasyanshi sambandhit aahet. ponte giinii dii orentino utkhananatil purave 3yyaa shatkachya purvardhatil yaa sampoorn tappyachi tarikh suchavatat aanee teey pahilya punic yuddhashi sambandhit asoo shakate. pahilya metus ankapeksha achook duppat mulyachya gunansah yaa tappyache mapanshastra, pliny ii. sha. puu. 269 madhye prastavit kelelya dinarachya mayavi 'italian shaala' chya parichayas anuroop asoo shakate, kaaran teey agadi tyach mankavar aahe aanee sumare 212/211 madhye dusya punic yuddhadarmyan sadar kelelya roman dinari aanee bahu-pranalicha andaj lavte.
see. see. aanee see. mulyanchya chinhansah hippocamp darshavinara muddah, tatpurata lukkala deela jaato, too populoniachya dusya metus malikechya (20,10 aanee 5 ekak) samaan vajan mankanvar aahe, parantu 10 ekak pachchya done ankandware vyakt kele jaatat.
shevatche, parantu konatyahi prakare qamee nahee, volcinimadhil uchch kalatmak gunavattechi eka netradipak suvarn malika aahe, jyache moolya 20 aanee 5 aahe. adviteey apolosarkhe doke/bhavya bail chalane 20-unit tukada ii. sha. puu. 3 vya shatkachya madhyatil azernia, calls, compulteria, suesa aurunka aanee campaniamadhil teanum yaa lattin vasahatinchya kansya samasyanchi aathvan karoon deto. ulat dhavana kutryache 5-unitche naane tisya shatkatil anishchit tarkhechya kansyapadkavar chalana chiana khoyatil purush doke/kutryachi aathvan karoon dete. hii andaje 0.225 gramchya sonyachya ekkansah eka vegali malika aahe, jee tisya shatkachya suruvatichya bhagat jaaree kelelya 0.056 gramchya sonyachya ekkansah populoniachya mukhya sonyachya issuesmore thevate aanee bahudha 265/4 madheel volcini yethe gulamanchya bandachya velee romchya hastakshepashi sambandhit aahe.
kansya.
itruscan kansya nanyanche mool madhya italian purv-nanee ess rudd ingots kinwa gatthe aanee ramo seko aanee sadhya kansya pattyanmadhye shodhale jaane aavashyak aahe, jeey kiman ii. sha. puu. 5 vya shatkapasoon sampoorn italimadhye chalan mhanoon prasarit jhaale. roman libra kinwa poundche vajan sumare 325 gramm hote, jeey sumare 27 gramchya 12 yunsi aanee sumare 1,13 gramchya 288 scripulamadhye vibhagale gele. voltera, tarquinia, barsah cast round aiz kabar nanee aanee chiana khore aanee tyachyashi sambandhit aaghatit uca aanee ardh-uca, heey serve ii. sha. puu. tisya shatkatil aahet, jyat bahudha volsinipasoon andakar aakarachya cast kansyanchya malikecha samavesh aahe. hii cast nanee vyapak roman malikeche pratibimb disate. cast kansya nanyanchya sthapanechi tarikh ii. sha. puu. sumare 280 asalyacha andaj aahe aanee ii. sha. puu. 217 madhye dusare punic yuddh suru jhalyavar tyache vajan uttarottar libralpasoon ardh-libralparyant qamee jhaale asave. cast kansyane sumare ii. sha. puu. 214-212 madhye sextantle kansya midvinyasathi marg deela aanee chandicha 10-mhanoon dinarashi tyachya apurnankansaha, quinerious (5-gadhav) aanee cestertius (2-gadhav) yancha parichay hoiparyant aanakhi kapat jhaali.
populonia aanee vetulonias done mothya kansya malika roman poost-semee-libralachya jawal aahet, jeey manak mhanoon croffordne sumare 215-211 ii. sha. puu. paryantche aahet, parantu tyaa purvichya kalatil asoo shakatat. etruscan prayog karnyas ghabarat navhate, jase qee impuse reverses vilakshan prahar kelelya kansya malikechya babatit spasht kele gele aahe, bahudha populoniyatil aanee shambhar ekkanvar (kinwa centessimal pranali) aadharit aahe jeey aaghat kelelya roman sexantalshy sambandhit asoo shakate, saiddhantikdrushtya sumare 54 gramm. metrological drushtikonatun aanakhi eka ullekhaneey muddah assa aahe qee mea duheri-moolankit dashansh/uncial malika mhanoon arth lavto, purvichya ardh-libral kansyanantarchya vastunvar atibhar padato, tarr samaan, parantu kinchit halka muddah shulk/x kinwa 11 sentisme disato, donhi sumare 200 ii. sha. puu. paryantche aahet.
sahitya.
sangrah.
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