aamulagra (chiinii varn)

chiinii radical () kinwa anukramanika ghatak haah chiinii varnancha eka chitramay ghatak aahe jyakhali varn paramparikpane chiinii shabdakoshat soochibaddha kele jaatat. haah ghatak anekada morphimsarkhach shabdarth soochak asato, jaree kahivela too dhvanyatmak ghatak kinwa varnancha krutrimaritya kadhalela bhag dekhil asoo shakato. kahee prakarananmadhye, kalantarane varnancha arth kinwa uchcharat jhalelya badalanmule mool shabdarth kinwa dhvanyatmak sambandh aspasht jhaala aahe. 
ingraji shabd 'radical' haah varnanchi rachana aanee european bhashanmadhil shabdanche rupantar yanchyatil sadrushyavar aadharit aahe. radicalsna kadhikadhi 'vargikaran' dekhil mhatale jaate, parantu heey naav samanyatah vyakaran vargikarananna (mojmap shabd) lagoo kele jaate.
itihas.
erya" (ii. sha. puu. puu shatak) sarkhya sarvat suruvatichya chiinii shabdakoshanmadhye, varnanche vyapak shabdarth shreneet gut karnyat aale hote.
bahutek varn dhvanyatmak ghatkansah shabdarth ghatak ekatra karoon dhvanyatmak sanyuge () asalyane, pratyek shabdarth ghatak shabdakoshatil eka vishisht vibhagat punha punha yeu lagla. isavi sunn sunn shatkat, hahn rajvanshacha vidwan jhu shhein yane 540 aavarti graphik ghatak nivadoon tyacha vyutpattishastriy shabdakosh 'shuoven giezi' aayojit keela jyala tyane 'buu' (vibhag, 'shreni') mhatale. bahutek samanya shabdarth ghatak hote, parantu tyat bindu kinwa aadvya strokesarkhe samayik graphik ghatak dekhil samavisht hote. kahee agadi krutrimaritya kadhalele strokeche gut hote, jyanna seryujdware 'gliffs' mhatale jaate (1984, pru. 657), jyache 'shuven' madhye soochibaddha karnyavyatirikt swatantra astitva navhate. pratyek varn keval ekach ghatkakhali soochibaddha kele gele hote, jyala nantar tyaa varnasathi moolgami mhanoon sambodhale jaate. udaharanarth, stree "stree" kinwa "muu" vruksh, lakud asaleli varn anekada tyaa muldravyansathi vibhaganmadhye ekatra gatbaddh kelee jaatat.
meii yingzuochya yingzuochya shabdakosh 'zihui' neey aanakhi done navkalpana kelya. tyane radicalschi yadee 214 paryant qamee kelee aanee atirikt strokechya sankhyechya vadhatya kramane pratyek radicalschya khalee varnanchi vyavastha kelee-sadhyachya chiinii shabdakoshatil bahusankhyanmadhye ajunahi vaparali jaanari "radicals-andd-stroke-count" paddhat. 1716 chya adhik prasiddha 'kangzi shabdakosh' neey dekhil yaa navkalpanancha sweekar keela. asha prakare 'zihui' madhye sadar kelelya manak 214 muldravyanna samanyatah kangzi mooldravyan mhanoon olakhale jaate. hyanna pratham 'kangzi shabdakosh' madhye 'bushu' (pratham bhag, shabdasha 'vibhag shirshalekh') asey mhatale gele. jaree asha yadyanmadhye kahee farak aahe-pramukhyane konatya duyyam muldravyanna anukramit kele jaate yavar avalambun-"kangzi shabdakosh" chey heey vihit 214 mooldravye ajunahi bahutek aadhunik chiinii shabdakoshansathi aadhar mhanoon kaam karatat. kahee chitratmakdrushtya samaan mooldravye anek shabdakoshanmadhye ektrit kelee jaatat, jase qee 'yu' 'moone' aanee 'ruu', 'maans, maans' chey 'juna form'.
mukhya bhoomi chinmadhil lekhan pranalitil sudharanannantar, kangzi moolgami lokancha paramparik sanch saralikrut chiinii varnanchya anukramanikesathi ayogya tharala. 1983 madhye, chiinii likhit bhashetil sudharana samitee aanee chinchya prakashanachya rajya prashasanane 'daad table auph unified indexing chayaneej carector components (draft)' prakashit kele. 2009 madhye, peaples republic auph chayanachya shikshan mantralayane aanee rajya bhasha karya samiteene "anukramanika chiinii varn ghatak" (jee. eff. 0011-2009) jaaree kele, jyamadhye 201 pramukh anukramanika ghatak aanee 100 sambandhit anukramanika ghatak samavisht aahet (chinchya manak kagadpatranmadhye, "radical" chee vyakhya chiinii varnancha konatahi ghatak kinwa "pianpang" mhanoon kelee jaate, tarr tyache bhashantar "anukramanika ghatak" mhanoon kele jaate.).
varnanmadhye aakar aanee sthan.
mooldravye ekhadya patratil konatyahi sthiteet disu shakatat. udaharanarth, stree hii varnanmadhye davya bajula disate, tee, tee, changli aanee tee, parantu tee talashi disate. shabdarth ghatak varnanchya varchya kinwa davya bajula aanee dhvanyatmak ghatak varnanchya ujavya bajula kinwa tyachya talashi disatat. matra, heey niyam shithil aahet aanee apavad bharpur aahet. kadhikadhi, muldravyanpaiki eka ekapeksha jaast bajunna pasaru shakato, jase qee Â = Â "gherav" + Â, kinwa Â ré = Â "jaa, halchal" + Â. adhik klisht jodani astitvat aahet, jase qee τ = γ "samarthya" + ′-mooldravye khalchya-ujavya chaturthanshat aahet.
varnanche anek ghatak (mooldravyansah) vikrut kele jaatat kinwa itaranshi jodale jaanyasathi badalale jaatat. teey sankuchit, lahan kinwa purnapane bhinn aakar asoo shakatat. sadhya vikrutiaivaji aakaratil badalanmule paine stroke qamee houu shakatat. kahee prakarananmadhye, sanyojananmadhye paryayi asoo shakatat. ghatakacha aakar tyachya varnatil itar ghatkansah sthanbaddh karnyavar avalambun asoo shakato.
done muldravyancha aakar '′ asato, parantu teey kuthe disatat tyanusar teey bhinn muldravyanpramane anukramit kele jaatat. ujavikade, jase qee Â ("duu" "mahanagar, jyala" duu "" serve-shahar "asehi mhanatat), teey" "yee" "shahar" chey sankshipt swaroop darshavate; davikade, "laal" "jameen" pramane, teey "" phoo "" tekadi, tekadi "chey sankshipt moolgami swaroop darshavate".
kahee sarvat mahatvache prakar (vareel prakarannusar, '′ →' aanee '′ →' vyatirikt) heey aaheth
shabdarth ghatak.
80 takkyanhun adhik chiinii varn dhvanyatmak-shabdarth sanyuge () asatatah shabdarth ghatak arth vistrut shreni deto-dhvanyatmak ghatak dhwani soochit karato. samanyatah, mooldrav haah shabdarth ghatak asato.
asha prakare, jaree kahee lekhak shabdarth ghatkansathi 'radical' haah shabd vaparat asale (̃ 'yífú'), tarr itar nantarche 'nirdharak' kinwa 'arth' kinwa itar kahee sandnyandvare vegale karatat.
anek mooldravye hii keval varnanchya bhaganchi krutrim nishkarshan asatat, jyapaiki kahee aanakhi kapali jaatat kinwa lagoo kelyavar badalali jaatat (jase qee 'juu' kinwa 'lio' madheel 'juu'), seryus (1984) yanni spasht kelyapramane, jeey graphik nishkarshanapeksha 'gliff' nishkarshan haah shabd pasant karatat. heey aadhunik shabdakoshanchya babatit aanakhi kharey aahe, jeey radicalschi sankhya "shuoven" madheel ardhyahun qamee karatat, asha velee pratyek varnatil arthpurn ghatak samavisht karnyasathi purese asane ashakya hote. up-praveshanmadhun keval strokeche krutrim nishkarshan nishkarshan "phaar eastern chayaneej inglish dictionary" chaa namunah
dhvanyatmak ghatak.
tyaeivaji kadhikadhi radicals dhvanyatmak bhoomika bajavtatah
kahee prakarananmadhye, dhvanyatmakdrushtya yogayogane vaparlele nivadalele mooldravye, tappyatappyane, shabdarthadrushtya, lakshat thevatat.
varn saralikaran.
peaples republic auph chayana aanee itaratra swikarlelya charitra saralikaranane anek ghatakanmadhye badal kele aahet, jyat kattarpanthi mhanoon vaparlya vaparlya ghatakanchahi samavesh aahe. yamule anek naveen moolgami prakar tayar jhaale aahet. udaharanarth, paramparik likhanat, 'jiin' heey akshar 'radical' mhanoon lihile jaate (mhanje, samaan sankhyetil strokes aanee keval kirkol badalasah), parantu sopya aksharanmadhye 'jeane' heey radical mhanoon lihile jaate. yacha arth, sopya lekhanane paramparik likhanat nasalela lakshaniy farak nirman keela aahe. heey muldravyancha vapar karnare akshar 'yinn' 'sylver' aahe; paramparikarityah <unk>, saralikrutah Â.
shabdakosh shodh.
anek shabdakosh anukramanika aanee shodh varnansathi moolgami vargikaran vaparnyas samarthan detat, jaree sadhyachya kalatil anek shabdakosh itar paddhatinsah dekhil purak aahet. udaharanarth, pii. aar. see. madheel aadhunik shabdakosh sahasa varn shodhanyasathi varnanche pinyin pratilekhan vapartat. meii yingzuochya "section-header-andd-stroke-count" paddhatiche anusaran karoon, varn tyanchya radicaldware soochibaddha kele jaatat aanee nantar teey lihinyasathi aavashyak asalelya strokechya sankhyenusar kramvari lavali jaate.
patra shodhanyat samavisht asalelya asalelya pudhilpramane aaheth
udaharanarth, 'satya', 'vishvas', 'pramanikpana' aanee 'vishvas' yaa arth asalelya 'xin' yaa varnancha vichar qaraa. tyache mooldravyas 'manav' (̃ chey sankuchit swaroop) aahe aanee urvarit bhagat saat atirikt stroke aahet (̃ 'yann', 'bhashan'). heey patra shabdakoshat shodhanyasathi, muldravyanchi anukramanika anukramanika shabdakoshatil bhagat 'manav' sathee muldravyancha shodh lagato. vividh radicals tyanchya swatachya strokechya sankhyenusar sanghatit kele jaatil. εν aanee tyachya sankuchit aavruttit fakt done stroke asatat, tyamule teey yadichya suruvatichya jawal asel. teey shodhalyavar, ekhadyala tyaa muldravyachya nirdeshankache prushth disel aanee nantar eka samanyatah eka atirikt aaghat, done atirikt aaghat ityadinsah varnanchya yaditoon jaeel. joparyant ekhada saat atirikt strokes praveshikanparyant pohochat nahee. jarr nivadalela moolgami shabd shabdakosh sankalankartyane vaparlelya moolgami shabdanshi julala (jyachi adhik klisht varnansathi hummy dene katheen asoo shakate) aanee jarr vaparkarta aanee shabdakosh sankalankarta doghehi ekach prakare ganana karat asateel (anekada vaparkartyala aparichit asalelya varnanchi samasya dekhil asel), tarr pravesh tyaa yadeet asel aanee pravesh kramank kinwa prushth kramankachya bajula disel jithe tyaa varnasathi sampoorn shabdakosh pravesh aadhalu shakel.
angathyacha niyam mhanoon, varnanchya davya kinwa varchya bajus asalele ghatak kinwa urvarit varnala vedhalele ghatak heey moolbhut mhanoon vaparale jaanyachi shakyata jaast asate. udaharanarth, samanyatah ujavya bajuaivaji davya bajuchya ghatkakhali ̃ anukramit kele jaate; aanee ′ samanyatah talachya ̃ aivaji varchya δ antargat anukramit kele jaate. tathapi, shabdakoshanmadhye vilakshan farak aahet aanee sadhya prakarnanshivay, samaan varn done vegvegalya shabdakoshanmadhye ekach prakare anukramit kele gele aahet asey gruheet dharale jaau shakat nahee.
shabdakoshatil shodh adhik sulabh karnyasathi, shabdakosh kahivela radicalschi yadee, tyanche vihit swaroop lihinyasathi vaparlya jaanarya strokechya sankhyekhali aanee tyanche bhinn prakar lihinyasathi vaparlya jaanarya strokechya sankhyekhali, asha donhi prakare karatat. udaharanarth, 'Â' laa chaar-stroke radical mhanoon soochibaddha kele jaau shakate parantu teen-stroke radical mhanoon dekhil soochibaddha kele jaau shakate kaaran jevha teey teey varnancha bhag banate tevha teey sahasa 'Â' mhanoon lihile jaate. yacha arth assa qee shabdakosh vaparkartyala heey mahit asanyachi garaj nahee qee donhi vyutpattishastradrashta samaan aahet.
anek muldravyankhali anukramit kelele ekach akshar shodhane kadhikadhi shakya asate. udaharanarth, anek shabdakosh ektar 'mea' kinwa 'mea' (tyachya khalchya bhagacha moolgami) yaa antargat soochibaddha karatat. shivay, digital shabdakoshansah, aata paraspar-sandarbhadvare varn shodhane shakya aahe. sanganakeey tantradnyanadvare saksham kelelya yaa "bahu-ghatak paddhati" chaa vapar karoon, vaparkarta tablemadhun varnanchya ghatakanpaiki "serve" nivadu shakato aanee sanganak sanganak varnanchi yadee sadar karel. yamule yogya muldravyanchi nivad karnyache aanee strokechi yogya ganana karnyache anuman kadhoon takale jaate aanee shodhanyacha vel lakshaniyaritya qamee hoto. ekhadi vyakti '′ aanee' donhi asalelya varnansathi chaukashi karoo shakate aanee shodhanyasathi fakt paach varn (',', ',' aanee ') parat midvu shakate. yaa udaharanat keval saat akshare parat karat, academia sinikacha cheeni varn sanrachanecha databases dekhil asha prakare karya karato. harbogcha chiinii varnancha shabdakoshahi ashach prakare konatyahi ghatakachya aadhare shodh ghenyas anumati deto. kahee aadhunik sanganak shabdakosh vaparkartyala maus, stylus kinwa botane varn rekhatanyachi parvanagi detat, jeey kahee pramanat apurnata aadarshpane sahan karatat, asha prakare moolbhut olakhanyachi samasya purnapane door hote.
muldravyanchya sankhyetil farak.
jaree radicals heey chiinii varnanche vargikaran karanyachi aanee shabdakoshatil vishisht varn shodhanyachi eka paddhat mhanoon mothya pramanavar sweekarle jaat asale, taree radicalschya achook sankhyebaddal kinwa radicalschya sanchabaddal sarvatrik sahmati nahee. yache kaaran asey qee radicals heey keval shabdakoshatmak hetunsathi manmane nivadalele varg aahet.
214 kangzi radical heey eka vastavik manak mhanoon kaam karatat, jeey pratyek chiinii shabdakoshat agadi achookpane nakkal kele jaau shakat naheet, parantu kahee shabdakosh sankalkankade purnapane durlaksh karane parvadate. teey anek sanganak sanketan pranalinsathi aadhar mhanoon kaam karatat. visheshtah, unicode manakanche radical-stroke chart heey kangzi radical kinwa radicalver aadharit asatat.
aadhunik sankshipt shabdakoshanmadhye samanyatah vaparlya jaanarya muldravyanchi sankhya bahutekda 214 peksha qamee asate. udaharanarth, 'auxford sankshipt ingraji-chiinii shabdakosh' () madhye 188 aahet. kahee shabdakoshanmadhye juu shanney pratham vaparlelya tattvanvar aadharit naveen muldravyanchi olakh karoon dilee jaate, jyat anek vegvegalya varnanmadhye ekatra vaparlya vaparlya muldravyanchya gatanna eka prakarcha muldravyansarkhe manale jaate.
aadhunik vyavharat, muldravyancha vapar pramukhyane shabdakoshatmak sadhane mhanoon aanee varn lihitana shikanyas madat mhanoon keela jaato. arth, vyutpatti aanee dhvanyatmakatepasun tyancha adhikadhik sampark tutat chalala aahe.
maryada aanee lavchikta.
chiinii shabdakoshanmadhye, agadi kangzichya kalatahi vaparlele kahee moolgami, swatantra vartaman-vapar varn navhate; tyanni adhik spasht patrancha abhav asalelya adviteey varnanchi anukramanika kelee. radicals ("chang" "balidanachi wine") keval kahee varnanchi anukramanika dete. jevha ekhadya varnanche vargikaran karata yeil asha kahee adhik vyapakpane vaparlya jaanarya graphik ghatakanna shodhane shakya hote tevha aadhunik shabdakosh heey kadhoon taktat. kahijan varn shodhane sope karnyasathi ekapeksha jaast muldravyanchya aanee/kinwa mukhya ghatakanchya sanchantargat anukramanika karatat.

