bolivarian kranti

bolivarian kranti hii venezuelamadhil eka rajkiy prakriya aahe jyache netrutva venezuelache adhyaksh hugo chavez, pachvya prajasattak chalvaliche sansthapak aanee nantar venezuelacha sanyukt samajvadi paksh (pii. ess. yuu. vhee.) aanee tyacha uttaradhikari nicolas maduro yanni kele hote. bolivarian krantiche naav 19 vya shatkachya suruvatichya venezuelian krantikari nete simone bolliver yanchya navavarun thevanyat aale aahe, jeey spanish rajvatipasun uttar dakshin amerikechya bahutansh bhagache swatantrya prapt karnyasathi spanish american swatantrya ladhayanmadhye pramukh hote. chavez aanee itar samarthakanchya matey, bolivarian kranti bolivarianvad, rashtravad aanee rajya-netrutvakhalil arthvyavastha lagoo karnyasathi aantar-american yutee tayar karnyacha prayatna karate.
tyachya tyachya vadhadivashi, karkarogavar upchar suru asalyachi ghoshana kartana, shavezne jaheer kele qee tyane bolivian kranticha naara 'matrubhoomi, samajvad kinwa mrutyu' varoon 'matrubhoomi aanee samajvad' assa badalala aahe. aapan jagoo aanee vijayi houn baher yeu."
2018 paryant, mahapour aanee rajyapal padanchi bahusankhya padey pii. ess. yuu. vhee. umedvarankade aahet, tarr virodhi lokshahi ekata (chikhal) aaghadine 2015 madhye done trutiyansh sansadiy jaaga jinkalya. pii. ess. yuu. vhee. aanee chikhal yanchyatil rajkiy shatrutvamule anek ghatana ghadalya aahet jyat sarkar samarthak aanee virodhi nidarshananche hinsak rupantar jhaale aahe, parinami 2017 madhye andaje 150 janancha mrutyu jhaala aahe. anek virodhi vyaktinna rajkiy prerit najarkaidet thevanyat aale aahe.
2013 madhye chavezchya mrutyunantar kranti samajik adhogatila gelee aahe aanee venezuelamadhil rajkiy aanee aarthik paristhiti zapatyane khalavali aahe.
parshvabhoomi.
sayman bolliverne venezuelachya itihasavar visheshtah aanee sarvasadharanpane dakshin amerikevar dirghkal tikanari chhap sodali aahe.
eka lashkari vidyarthi mhanoon, hugo chavez haah "bolivian utkat kathecha utsav sajra karnara" hota. chavez yanni nantarchya tyanchya lashkari karkirdit bolivar aanee bolivar yaa kalpananvar eka lokpriy prateek mhanoon bharr deela kaaran tyanni tyanchi emm. bii. aar.-200 chalval ekatra kelee jee tyanchya 1992 chya uthav prayatnanche vahan tharali. 1980 chya dashakachya madhyat telachya kimmatit jhalelya ghasaranimule venezuelamadhye aarthik sankat nirman jhaale aanee deshavar lakshaniy pramanat karj jamaa jhaale hote. taridekhil, davya bajoone cull asalele rashtradhyaksh jaim lucinchi yanche prashasana deshachya karjachya paratfedichi punarrachana karoo shakale aanee aarthik sankatachi bharpai karoo shakale, parantu samajik kharch aanee rajya-prayojit anudananchi sarkarchi dhorane chaloo thevanyas parvanagi dilee. 1988 madhye carlos andress perez adhyaksh mhanoon nivadoon aalyanantar lucinchicha rajkiy paksh, lokshahi krutee, sattet rahoo shakala.
aantarrashtriy vittiy nidhine (aay. emm. eff.) shifaras kelelya aarthik sudharananchi amalbajavani karoon perez yanni dhoranat eka motha badal prastavit keela. perez yanni kelelya upayayojananmadhye sarkari companyanche khajgikaran, curr sudharana, simashulk qamee karane aanee arthvyavasthet rajyachi bhoomika qamee karane yancha samavesh hota. yapurvi rashtrapatinni niyukt kelelya rajya rajyapalanchya thet nivadidvare tyanni venezuelachya rajkiy vyavastheche vikendrikaran aanee aadhunikikaran karnyasathihi upayayojana kelya. aarthik sudharana package sarvat vadgrast bhag mhanje petrol anudanat kapat, jyane deshantargat petrolche darr aantarrashtriy patalipeksha aanee utpadan kharchapekshahi khoop qamee thewale hote. sarkarchya aarthik sudharananna aanee parinami petrol aanee vahatukichya kimmatit jhalelya vadhila pratisad mhanoon, 27 februwari 1989 roji gwarenasmadhye ell caracazo mhanoon olakhalya olakhalya nidarshane aanee dangalichi laat suru jhaali, jee karaka aanee aaspaschya shaharanmadhye pasarali. aathvadabhar chalalelya sangharshat shekado lock marle gele, mukhytah suraksha dall aanee lashkarachya hatoon.
chavez aanee tyanchya pachvya prajasattak chalvalichya pakshane 1998 chya nivadanuka jinkalya aanee ghatak prakriya suru kelee jyacha parinam 1999 chya venezuelchya sanvidhanat jhaala.
dhorane.
gharguti.
"chavismo" dhorananmadhye rashtriyikaran, samajik kalyan karyakram (bolivarian mission) aanee udarikaran sudharananna virodh (visheshtah aay. emm. eff. aanee jaagtik bankechi dhorane) yancha samavesh aahe. hugo chavez yanchya matey, venezuelacha samajvad khajgi malmatta swikarato, parantu haah samajvad samajik malmattes dekhil protsahan denyacha prayatna karato. "chavismo' sahbhagi lokshahi aanee kamachya thikani lokshahila dekhil samarthan dete. janewari 2007 madhye, chavezne sampradayik rajya ubharanyacha prastav mandala, jyachi mukhya kalpana sampradayik parishada, samuday aanee sampradayik shahare yasarkhya swarajya sanstha ubharane hii aahe.
aantarrashtriy.
united states armi combined arms centerchya mateh 1999 madhye chavez sattevar aalyanantar kahee varshanni, tyanni 'bolivarian kranti' navachya rajkiy-dhoranatmak yojanechi amalbajavani karnyas suruvat kelee, jyamule lattin american shantatela dhoka nirman jhaala. amerikeprati shatrutvapurna aanee sangharshatmak mudra, pradeshachya itar deshanmadhye chavezche nirankush, samajvadi model niryat karnyasathi tayar kelelya krutee aanee aantarrashtriy patalivaril sangharshanmadhye venezuelacha adthala nirman karnare pararashtra dhoran heey chavezchya yojaneche vaishishtya hote.
lattin american lokshahitil davya vicharsaranichya sarkarankade sarkarankade 'gulabi bharati' chaa neta mhanoon chavezkade pahile jaat hote. vishleshakanni tyaa sarkaranmadhye atirikt american-virodhi, lokpriy aanee hukumshahi-pravan vaishishtyankade laksh vedhale aahe.
chavez yanni venezuelachya pararashtra dhoranavar lattin american aarthik aanee samajik ekatmatevar punha laksh kendrit kele, jyat tyanchya tathakathit "teel mutsaddegiri" saha, venezuela teel (tyachi mukhya vastoo) vaparnyavar adhik avalambun rahnyas aanee tyachi dirghakalin asurakshitata vadhavanyas karanibhoot karanibhoot, dwaipakshik vyapar aanee paraspar sahayya karar kele. jaree dakshin americela aakar denyachya prayatnat, chavezne lattin americetil itar chalvalinna tyachya 'chavesmo' chya pratimeche anusaran karnyas prerit kele, taree nantar teey aniyamit asalyache manale gele aanee aantarrashtriy staravar tyacha prabhav atishayoktipurna jhaala, 2009 madhye gulabi bharati qamee honyas suruvat jhaali.
bolivarian mission.
hugo chavezchya karyakalat astitvat aalelya samajik karyakramanna (venezuelamadhye 'mission' mhanatat) samajik vishamata qamee karnyacha prayatna keela gela aanee mothya pramanat teel mahasooladvare nidhi deela gela. kalyankari karyakramanchi shashvatata aanee rachana yaa donhinchi prashansa aanee teeka jhaali aahe. samajik karyakramanchi vishisht udaharane khalee soochibaddha kelee aahet.
yojana bolliver 2000.
plan bolliver 2000 heey venezuelache adhyaksh hyugo chavez yanchya prashasanakhali adhiniyamit kelelya bolivarian mohimanpaiki pahile hote. amerikechya pararashtra khatyachya mhananyanusar, 'sainya hii lokpriy dadapshahichi shakti nasoon vikas aanee surakshesathichi shakti aahe' assa sandesh dene heey chavezche uddisht hote. amerikechya pararashtra vibhagane asehi mhatale qee heey "tyanchya udghatanachya keval 23 divasanni ghadale" aanee tyanna tyanchya jawalchya samarthakanna heey dakhvayache hote qee "teey tyanna visarlele naheet". yaa yojnet venezuelache sumare 40,000 sainik gharoghari jaaun garibivirodhi upkramanmadhye guntalele hote, jyat mothya pramanat lasikaran, zopadpatti bhagatil ann vitaran aanee shikshan yancha samavesh hota. yaa yojnet sahbhagi asalelya senapatinvar bhrashtacharache aarop tayar karnyat aale hote, aanee mothya pramanat paise valavale gele hote assa yuktivad kelyamule anek ghotalyancha karyakramavar parinam jhaala.
mission barrio edentro.
venezuelamadhil garib aanee upekshit samudayanna sarvajanik nidhitun aarogya seva, dant chikitsa aanee creeda prashikshan pradan karane heey yaa mohimeche uddisht hote. "barrio edentro' madhye hajaro pratishthit done majali vaidyakeey davakhane-'sallagar' kinwa doctoranchi karyalaye-tasech nivasi pramanit vaidyakeey vyavsayikansah karmchari bandhale gele. "serve venezuelian nagarikanna darjedar aanee palanagharatun gambhir vaidyakeey upchar milanyachi hummy denyacha prayatna karat, 'barrio edentro' haah sarvatrik aarogya sevecha 'vastavik' prakar denyacha prayatna aahe. 2006 paryant, paryant 31,439 vyavsayik, tantrik karmchari aanee aarogya tantradnyancha samavesh hota, jyapaiki 15,356 kyubache doctor aanee 1,234 venezuelache doctor hote. jaagtik aarogya sanghatanechya lattin american shakhene aanee unicef yaa doghannihi yaa karyakramache kautuk kele. yaa mohimeche sakaratmak parinam jaree disale asale taree kahee sangharshahi jhaale aahet. julai 2007 madhye, venezuelan vaidyakeey mahasanghache adhyaksh dugglus leone natera yanni ahwal deela qee barrio adentroche 70 takkyanparyant modules ektar sodoon denyat aale hote kinwa apoorn rahile hote. 2014 madhye, venezuela sarkarkadoon mothya pramanat nidhi midalyanantarhi karakasmadhil rahivashanni yaa sevebaddal takrar kelee.
missionche nivassthan.
garibansathi hajaro naveen gruhnirman kendranche bandhkam heey missionchya adhivasache uddisht aahe. yaa karyakramat, aaplya drushtikonachi tulana naveen shaharikaranashi palayan, shikshanapasun teey aarogyaseveparyantchya samajik sevanchi sampoorn shreni upalabdh karoon denare, manya aanee ekatmik gruhnirman kshetra vikasit karnyacha dekhil prayatna keela jaato. venezuelachya 'ell universal' nusar, ghar bandhanichi uddishte purn karnyat apayash hii chavez prashasanachi eka ullekhaneey kamjori aahe. 2006 madhye 150,000 ghare bandhanyache vachan dile, parantu varshachya purvardhat 35,000 gharansah tyaa lakshyachya keval 24 takke purn kele.
mission mercle.
yaa mohimet mercados dii alimentos, see. navachya sarkari companycha samavesh aahe.aaa. (vyapari), jeey deshbharatil dukananchya sakhalidvare anudanit ann aanee moolbhut vastoo puravate. 2010 madhye, 'rastyavaril 'rastyavaril dukananpasun teey mothya godamanchya dukananparyant' ashee 16,600 dukane, tasech 6,000 suup kitchen asalyache nondavale gele. mercale 85,000 kamgaranna rojgar dete. 2006 madhye, kahee 11.36 dashalaksh venezuelian lokanna niyamitpane vyapari ann karyakramancha laabh midala. venezuelamadhye kiman 14,208 vyavsayik ann vitaran sthale pasarali hotee aanee darroj 4,543 metrik tunn ann vitarit kele jaat hote. alikadachya kalat, jyaa grahakanna savalatichya utpadanansathi lambach lamb ranga lavavya lagalya, tyanche mhanane aahe qee vyapari dukananmadhye utpadananchi kamatarata hotee aanee dukananmadhye upalabdh asalelya vastoo satat badalat asatat. kahee grahakanni utpadananchya kamataratemule vyapari dukananmadhye ration lagoo kelyabaddal takrar kelee. kahee prakarananmadhye, dukananmadhil kamataratemule nidarshane jhaali aahet.
mission robbinson.
1999 madhye adhyakshapadachya nivadanukit chavez yanchya nivadipurvi nirakshar asalelya 15 lakhanhun adhik venezuelian praudhanna vachan, lekhan aanee ankganit shikavanyasathi haah karyakram svayamsevakancha vapar karato. haah karyakram lashkari-nagri swarupacha aahe aanee sainikanna itar thikanambarobarach durgam aanee dhokadayak thikani pathavato jenekarun sarvat ashikshit, durlakshit aanee upekshit praudh nagarikanparyant pohochata yeil jenekarun tyanna niyamit shaley shikshan aanee dhade dile jaatil. 28 aktoobar 2005 roji, venezuelane swatahla "niraksharta mukt pradesh" mhanoon ghoshit kele, jaree aakadevari 96 takkyanparyant badalali gelee asali taree, tyachya prarambhik andajat saksharateche praman sumare 99 takkyanparyant vadhavale. unescochya mankannusar, jarr 15 varshanvaril 96 takke loksankhyela lihita-vachata yet asel tarr desh nirakshar ghoshit keela jaau shakato.
francisco rodrigues aanee isachya daniele ortega yanchya matey, venezuelchya nirakshartevar sankhyikiyadrushtya vegale karata yenyajogya parinamache "farse purave naheet. venezuelchya sarkarne dawa keela qee tyanni 15 laakh venezueliensana vachayala shikavale hote, parantu abhyasat asey aadhalun aale qee "fakt 1.1 dashalaksh suruvatila nirakshar hote" aanee 1,00,000 peksha qamee niraksharta ghatanyache kaaran vruddha aanee mrut praudhanna dile jaau shakate. aarthik aanee dhoran sanshodhan kendrachya david rosnik aanee marqa weisbrott yanni yaa shankanna pratisad deela, asey aadhalun aale qee rodrigues aanee aurtega yanni vaparleli mahitee khoop kachcha upay hota kaaran jyaa gharguti sarvekshanatun teey prapt jhaale teey saksharta kinwa vachan kaushalya mojanyasathi kadhihi tayar kele gele navhate aanee tyanchya paddhati venezuelachya rashtriy saksharta karyakramachya aakarababat sankhyikeey purave pradan karnyasathi ayogya hotya. rodrigues yanni weisbrotchya khandanala pratisad dett asey dakhavun dile qee weisbrotne pakshapati, vikrut detacha vapar keela aanee weisbrotne vaparlela niraksharta yuktivad weisbrott jeey sanganyacha prayatna karat hota tyachya agadi viruddha darshavito.
ghat.
hugo chavezchya mrutyunantar, tyacha uttaradhikari nicolas maduro yala chavezchya dhorananche parinam bhogave lagale, madurochi manjuri qamee jhaali aanee 2014 madhye venezuelamadhye nishedh suru jhaala. chavez aanee maduro prashasanane venezuelala deshachya vyavharanmadhye paradeshi hastakshepamule hastakshepamule adchaninna anekada doshi tharavale.
2016 paryant, bolivian venezuelala atifuli aanee aanee aanee utpannache natyamay nuksan (grahakanchya kimmatit vaadh jhaali aanee 2016 darmyan arthvyavastha 19 takkyanni sankuchit jhaali), vyapak upasamar (venezuelachya rahnimanachya paristhitichya sarvekshanat (enkovy) aadhalale qee sumare 75 takke loksankhyeche sarasari vajan kiman 8.7 kilo qamee jhaale hote kaaran yogya poshan naslyamule) aanee vadhatya hatyecha darr (venezuelamadhye 2015 madhye darr 100,000 lokanpaiki 90 lokanchi hatya karnyat aalee hotee, tarr venezuelchya hinsacharachya vedhshalenusar united statesmadhye darr 100,000 lokanpaiki 5 lokanchi hatya karnyat aalee hotee).
manavadhikar nirikshan sansthechya matey, tikakaranna gup karnyasathi sarkarne vyapak atak aanee itar dadapshahi kelee aahe. 2014 pasoon, aamhi nidarshananna suraksha dalanni dilelya hinsak pratisadache dastaivajikaran karat aahot, shantatamay nidarshakanna marhan aanee atak aanee agadi prekshakancha chhal aanee najarkaidet chhal keela aahe. venezuelatil dand munch, eka gairsarkari gut joou kaidyanna kayadeshir sahayya puravato, too 90 hoon adhik lokanna rajkiy kaidi manato.aantarrashtriy dhoran digest" nusar, bolivarian kranti heey apayash aahe kaaran tiche aadarsh sadhya karane ashakya hote asey nahee, tarr tyache nete teey jyacha nishedh karatat titkech bhrasht hote, bolivarian sarkar tyachya arthvyavasthesathi telavar avalambun hote, jeey moolatah dutch rogane grast hote. bolivarian sarkarchya dhoranancha parinam mhanoon, venezuelchya lokanna tanchai, chalanwadh, gunhegari aanee itar samajik-aarthik samasyancha samna karava lagla, anek venezuelchya lokanni itaratra changle jeevan jaganyasathi tyancha mool desh sodanyacha avalamb keela.
bolivarian diaspora.
bolivian krantinantar, anek shrimant venezuelian lokanni itar deshanmadhye rahanyacha shodh ghetala aahe. newjaweek" nusar, "bolivarian diaspora heey mothya pramanavar bhagya ulthavoon takanare aahe", jethe ulatya 20 vya shatkat "venezuela heey junya jagachya dadapshahi aanee asahishnutepasun palayan palayan sthalantaritansathi eka aashraysthan hote" yachya tulanet ulatya aahet. "ell universal" heey spasht karate qee venezuelamadhil "bolivarian diaspora" heey "arthvyavastha aanee samajik rachana yaa donhinchi donhinchi, mothya pramanat honare gunhegari, anishchitata aanee najikchya bhavishyat netrutvat badal honyachya aashecha abhav yamule kase ghadale aahe"."
1998 madhye, jyaa varshi shavez pahilyanda nivadoon aale, keval 14 venezuelchya lokanna americet aashray denyat aala. september 1999 madhye keval baaraa mahinyant, amerikechya nagrikatva aanee sthalantar sevannusar 1,086 venezuelchya lokanna aashray denyat aala. asey ganale gele aahe qee 1998 teey 2013 yaa kalat 15 lakhanhun adhik venezuelian, jeey venezuelachya ekoon loksankhyechya 4 teey 6 takke darmyan hote, tyanni bolivarian krantinantar desh sodala. abhyas kelelya anek majee venezuelachya nagarikanni venezuela sodanyachi karane dilee jyat swatantryacha abhav, uchch patalichi asurakshitata aanee deshatil sandhincha abhav yancha samavesh hota. asey dekhil mhatale gele aahe qee venezuelamadhil kahee palak venezuelatil lokanna lokanna asurakshitatemule tyanchya mulanchya sanrakshanasathi tyanchya mulanna desh sodoon jaanyas protsahit karatat. yamule venezuelamadhye manvi bhandavali uddan jhaale aahe.
november 2018 madhye, united nations hye commissioner phaur refugee aanee iom (international organization phaur migration) yanni sangitale qee nirvasitanchi sankhya 30 lakhanparyant vadhali aahe, jyapaiki bahutek itar lattin american deshanmadhye aanee caribeanmadhye gele aahet.
itar deshanvar parinam.
bolivia aanee equadormadhye bolivarianvadache anukaran kele gele, jithe rajkiy pakshanchya sankatancha samna karava lagla. 2017 chya abhyasanusar, bolivarianvad lattin america aanee caribeanmadhye "jyaa deshanmadhye rajkiy paksh aanee lokshahi sanstha karyarat hotya aanee jithe daway aanee nagri samaj kroor nirankush anubhavanmule lokshahi, bahulvad aanee udarmatvadi hakkanna mahatva dett hota" asha deshanmadhye aanakhi pasaranyat ayashasvi tharala. abhyasat asehi aadhalun aale qee "boliveriyanvadachya bhitimule hondurasmadhye rashtradhyaksh zelaya yanchyavirodhat uthavahi jhaala".
bolivarianvadache pailu spanish rajkiy paksh podemosne sweekarle.

