
rajya dharm

rajya dharm (jyala adhikrut dharm dekhil mhanatat) haah sarvbhoum rajyane adhikrutpane manyata dilela dharm kinwa panth aahe. dharmnirpeksh rajya nasale taree adhikrut dharm asalele rajya (jyala kabulijbab rajya kinwa dharmik rajya asehi mhanatat) heey ishwarshasit asane aavashyak nahee. rajya dharm heey ekhadya dharmachya adhikrut kinwa sarkar-manjur sanstha aahet, parantu rajya heey padrinchya niyantranakhali asanyachi (ishwarshasanapramane) garaj nahee, kinwa rajya-manjur dharm rajyachya niyantranakhali asane aavashyak nahee.
adhikrut dharm heey jawaljawal serve prakarchya sanskratinmadhye, pracheen purvekadil aanee pragaitihasik kalaparyant pohochat, sampoorn manvi itihasat olakhale gele aahet. dharmik panth aanee rajyachya sambandhavar pracheen lattin vidwan marcus terrentius varro yanni 'theologia civillis' () yaa shabdantargat charcha kelee hotee. ii. sha. 301 madhye sthapan jhaleli armeniyan apostolic church hii pahili rajya-prayojit khrishchan church hotee. khristi dharmat, 'church' haah shabd samanyatah khrishchan kinwa asha sanghatanancha samavesh asalelya prathanasthalala lagoo hoto, tyamule 'rajya church' haah shabd sarkarne manjur kelyapramane khrishchan dharmashi sambandhit aahe, aitihasikdrushtya roman samrajyache rajya church samrajyachya astitvachya shevatchya shatkanmadhye, aanee kadhikadhi khrishchan dharmachya vishisht aadhunik rashtriy shakhela soochit karnyasathi vaparla jaato. rajya charchashi jawalcha sambandh asalelya charchmadhye acclessia aahet, jeey samaan aahet parantu adhik kirkol arth detat.
madhyapurvet, pramukhyane muslim loksankhya asalelya bahutansh rajyanmadhye islam haah tyancha adhikrut dharm aahe, jaree nagarikanchya dainandin jivanavaril dharmik nirbandhanche praman deshanusar badalate. saudi arabiache shasak dharmnirpeksh aanee dharmik donhi shakti vapartat, tarr iranchya dharmnirpeksh adhyakshanni 1979 chya islamik krantipasoon dharmik adhikadhyanchya nirnayanche palan karane apekshit aahe. turkey, jyachi loksankhya dekhil muslimbahul aahe, too ataturkachya sudharanannantar eka dharmnirpeksh desh banala, jaree tyach kalatil russian krantichya ulat, tyacha parinam rajya nastikatecha sweekar karnyat jhaala nahee.
samkalin samajat rajyane nagarikanvar adhikrut rashtriy dharm kitee pramanat ladala aahe heey lakshaniyaritya badalate; saudi arabia aanee iranmadhye uchch teey kiman kinwa denmark, ingland, eyesland aanee greesmadhye kahihi nahee.
prakar.
rajya dharm mhanoon niyukt kelelya panth kinwa panthasathi rajya pathimbyache praman aanee swaroop badaloo shakate. itar dharmanna aacharanat aananyachya swatantryasaha keval samarthan (aarthik pathbalasah kinwa tyashivay), konatyahi pratispardhi dharmik sansthela karya karnyas manai karane aanee itar panthanchya anuyayancha chhal karane yasarkhya goshtincha yaat samavesh asoo shakato. europemadhye, 16vya shatkat rajya prayojakatvasathi catholic aanee protestant panthanmadhil spardhet, 1555chya augusbergchya shantateche prateek asalelya kararachya majkurat samavisht asalele "kyuyas regio, eas religio" (rajye shasakachya dharmache palan karatat) heey tattva vikasit jhaale. englandmadhye, heinry VIIIneey 1534madhye romashi sambandh todale, church auph englandcha sarvoch pramukh mhanoon ghoshit kele gele, englandcha adhikrut dharm 1547madhye tyachya mrutyuparyant "popashivay catholic dharm" rahila, tarr scotlandmadhye church auph scotlandne rajyapasoon aadhyatmik swatantryachi khatri dilee.
kahee prakarananmadhye, prashasakeey pradesh dharmik panthanchya sanchache prayojak aanee nidhi deu shakato; germanytil 1905 purvichya french samanvayatmak kayadeshir pranali aanee namunyanche anusaran karat, francemadhil alses-moselmadhye tyachya sthanik kayadyanusar asey aahe.
kahee samyavadi rajyanmadhye, visheshtah uttar koria aanee kyubamadhye, rajya dharmik sanghatananna prayojit karate aanee tyaa rajya-prayojit dharmik sanghatananchya bahereel kriyakalapanna vividh pramanat adhikrut napasanti milate. yaa prakarananmadhye, rajya dharmankade mothya pramanavar satteche paryayi srot rokhanyasathi rajyane kelele prayatna mhanoon pahile jaate.
rajya church.
rajya church' aanee 'rajya dharm' yaa vyapak sandnyemadhyehi farak aahe. rajya church" haah rajyane keval tyaa rajyadvare vaparasathi nirman kelela rajya dharm aahe. rajya dharm' chey eka udaharan, jeey 'rajya church' dekhil nahee, teey mhanje costa rikamadhil roman catholic dharm, joou rashtriy church nasatanahi 1949 chya sanvidhanat rajya dharm mhanoon swikarla gela hota. rajya church" chya babatit, churchwar rajyache sampoorn niyantran asate, parantu "rajya dharma" chya babatit, churchwar bahya sanstheche rajya asate; catholic dharmachya babatit, churchwar vaticanche niyantran asate. konatyahi paristhitit, rajyachya rajvativar adhikrut rajya dharmacha kahee prabhav asato. 2012 paryant, keval paach rajya church shillak aahet.
vighatan.
rajya anga mhanoon charchcha darja radd karanyachi prakriya mhanje sthapana. jyaa rajyat eka sthapit church astitvat aahe, asha halchalila virodh karane heey pratishthapanavadavirodhi mhanoon varnan kele jaau shakate. tathapi, haah shabd sahasa british betanmadhil anglican charchchya sthitivaril vadavivadashi sambandhit aaheh church auph ireland (1871 madhye vighatit), church auph ingland inn wells (1920 madhye vighatit) aanee church auph ingland (jeey englandmadhye sthapit aahe).
rajya dharm asaleli sadhyachi rajye.
bauddha dharm.
jyaa sarkaranmadhye bauddha dharm, ektar tyacha eka vishisht prakar, kinwa sampoorn bauddha dharm, haah adhikrut dharm mhanoon sthapit karnyat aala aaheh
kahee deshanmadhye, bauddha dharmala rajya dharm mhanoon manyata nahee, parantu tyala vishesh darja aaheh
khrishchan dharm.
khaleel rajye khrishchan dharmachya kahee prakarala tyancha rajya kinwa adhikrut dharm mhanoon manyata detat kinwa tyasathi vishesh darja (mulyavargachya aadhare) manyata detatah
catholickwad.
catholic dharm rajya kinwa adhikrut dharm mhanoon sthapit karnyat aala aahe asey adhikarkshetrah
rajya dharm mhanoon sthapit naan karata roman catholic dharmala tyanchya sanvidhanat vividh pramanat manyata denare adhikarkshetrah
purvekadil rudhivadi.
khaleel adhikarkshetre purvekadil rudhivadala rajya dharm mhanoon sthapit naan karata tyanchya sanvidhanat vividh pramanat manyata detatah
protestantvad.
khaleel rajye protestantvadachya kahee prakarala tyancha rajya kinwa adhikrut dharm mhanoon manyata detatah
british rashtrakul.
ingrajivad.
englandche anglican church heey englandmadhil sthapit church tasech tajavar avalambun asalelya tinhi church aaheth
nordic desh.
lutheranism.
jyaa adhikarkshetranmadhye rajya manyataprapt dharm mhanoon lutheran church purnapane kinwa anshatah sthapit kele gele aahe, tyamadhye nordic rajyancha samavesh hoto.
rajya dharm mhanoon sthapit naan karata leuthernismla tyanchya sanvidhanat vividh pramanat manyata denare adhikarkshetrah
islam.
anek muslim bahusankhyak deshanni rajya dharm mhanoon islam kinwa tyache vishisht swaroop ghatanatmakaritya sthapit kele aahe. asha rajyanmadhye dharmantar (lokanche islampasoon door dharmantar) anekada bekaydeshir aahe.
kahee deshanmadhye, islamla rajya dharm mhanoon manyata nahee, parantu tyala vishesh darja aaheh
israyalmadhil dharmachi sthitee.
israyal rajya dharmik sansthanna, visheshtah rudhivadi jyoo sansthanna pathimba dete aanee british aadeshantargat manyataprapt asalelya 'dharmik samudayanna' manyata dete-tyaa badalyat 1917 purvichya 'bajari' chya ottoman pranalitoon vyutpann. heey jyoo aanee khrishchan (purv orthodox, lattin catholic, gregorian-armeniyan, armeniyan-catholic, syriac catholic, kaldian, melkite catholic, maronite catholic aanee syriac orthodox) aahet. muslim loksankhyechi dharmik samuday mhanoon vyakhya kelee gelee navhati, heey vastusthiti muslim samudayachya tyanchya shraddheche palan karnyachya adhikaranvar parinam karat nahee. 2009 chya yuu. neey samavisht kelelya kalavadhichya shevati.ess. aantarrashtriy dharmik swatantryachya ahavalanusar, yapaiki anek sampraday sarkari manyata pralambit hote; tathapi, sarkarne adhikrutpane manyata nasalelya gatanchya anuyayanna aacharan karnyache swatantrya dile aahe. 1961 madhye, kayadyane muslim shariya nyayalayanna vaiyaktik darjachya babinmadhye vishesh adhikarkshetra dile. tyanantar teen atirikt dharmik samudayanna israyali kayadyane manyata denyat aalee aaheh druze (purvi islamik adhikarkshetrakhali), evangelical episcopal church aanee bahee shraddheche anuyayi.
rajkiy dharm.
kahee deshanmadhye, sarkardware prayojit eka rajkiy vichardhara aahe jyala rajkiy dharm mhatale jaau shakate.
purviche rajya dharm.
roman dharm aanee khrishchan dharm.
rommadhye, 'pontifax maximus' chey karyalay samratasathi rakheev thewale gele, jyala adhunmadhun maranottar kinwa kadhikadhi tyachya karkirdit dev ghoshit kele gele. samratala dev mhanoon pujanyat ayashasvi hone kadhikadhi mrutyudandachi shiksha hotee, kaaran roman sarkarne samratachya upasanela samrajyashi asalelya nishtheshi jodanyacha prayatna keela hota. roman samrajyat anek khrishchan aanee jyoo lokanna chhal, chhal aanee mrutyula samore jaave lagale kaaran samratachi pooja karane tyanchya vishvasanchya virodhat hote.
311 madhye, samrat galleriusne tyachya mrutyushayyevar, khristivirodhi chhal sampavanyavar laksh kendrit karat, sampoorn roman samrajyatil khrishchanansathi dharmik bhogachi ghoshana kelee. 313 chya milanchya aadeshanusar, constantine pahila aanee lysinius yaa done 'augusty' neey roman samrajyatil pratyekala dharmik swatantrya denyas parvanagi denara kayada keela. yavyatirikt, milanchya aadeshat asey namood kele aahe qee khrishchan ughadpane tyancha dharm bindhast aanee aniyantritpane paloo shakatat aanee khrishchanankadun ghetaleli malmatta tyanna binshart parat kelee jaeel. jaree milanchya aadeshane sampoorn samrajyat dharmik swatantryas parvanagi dilee asali, taree tyane roman rajya panth (roman bahudevvadi murtipujak) radd keela nahee kinwa too nasht keela nahee. devanchya aashirvadanchi prathna karnyasathi milancha shilalekh asha prakare lihila gela hota.
constantine 325 madhye nikeyachya pahilya parishadela bolavile, jaree too anek varshannantar baptisma ghetalela khristi navhata. armeniya, iberia aanee aksam yasarkhya kahee shejaril rajyanmadhye jaree khristi dharm hota, taree tyala mothya pramanat lokpriy samarthan midalyanantarhi rommadhye too ajunahi adhikrut rajya dharm navhata.
roman dharm (neoplatonic hellenism) samrat julienne 361 teey 363 yaa kalat kahee kalasathi punarsanchayit keela hota. julienne purvichya roman samratanchya chhalala punha sthapit kelyache disat nahee.
catholic khrishchan dharm, eriyanvad aanee itar vidharmi manalya jaananya vichardharanchya viruddha, 27 februwari 380 roji samrat theodosius pahila yachya 'dii fide katolika' yaa aadeshadvare roman samrajyacha rajya dharm mhanoon ghoshit karnyat aala.
hahn rajvansh confucianism.
chinmadhye, hahn rajvanshane (ii. sha. puu. 206-ii. sha. 220) confucianismla "vastavik" rajya dharm mhanoon samarthan dile, sarkari sevet pravesh aavashyakta mhanoon confucian granthanvar aadharit chachanya sthapit kelya-jaree, kharey tarr, hahn samratanni samarthan kelelya "confucianism" laa adhik yogyaritya confucian kayadevad kinwa "rajya confucianism" mhatale jaau shakate. kahee ullekhaneey apavad vagalata, yaa kalapasoon 1912 madhye chiinii rajeshahi kosalanyaparyant yaa prakarchya confucianismla samrat rajya dharmacha eka prakar mhanoon pahat rahile. tathapi, confucianism (nava-confucianisms) haah eka dharm aahe qee purnapane tatvik pranali yavar vaad aahe.
yuan rajvanshacha bauddha dharm.
chinmadhil mangol-netrutvakhalil yuan rajvanshachya kalat (ii. sha. puu. 1), yuan rajvanshacha sansthapak kublai khaan yane tibeti bauddha dharmala 'vastavik' rajya dharm mhanoon sthapit kele. bauddha aanee tibeti vyavhar vibhag (juanzheng yuan) mhanoon olakhala jaanara uchch-stariy vibhag aanee sarkari sanstha khanbalik (aadhunik beijing) yethe sampoorn samrajyatil bauddha bhikshunchya dekharekhisathi sthapan karnyat aalee hotee. kublai khaan keval tibeti bauddha dharmachya shakya panthacha aadar karat asalyane itar dharmanche mahatva qamee jhaale. yuan rajvanshachya samaptipurvi, shakya panthachya 14 netyanni shahee guru (dishi) heey padd dharan kele hote, jyamule tyanna vishesh satta labhali hotee.
golden horde aanee ilkhanet.
muslim mangol amir navruzmule ii. sha. 1295 madhye ilkhanetcha gazan aanee suvarn tolicha uzbeg heey mangol shasak aanee anukrame soofi bukhran sayyed aanee sheikh ibn abdul hamid yanchyamule ii. sha. 1313 madhye islammadhye dharmantar jhaale. rajya dharm mhanoon tyanni islamla adhikrutpane pathimba dilyane, tyanni rajya kelelya bigger-mangol bahusankhya pradeshanchya jawal shasson aananyachya lakshaniy prayatnanshi teey julale. ilkhanetmadhye, khrishchan aanee jyoo prajanni muslimambarobarcha tyancha samaan darja gamavala aanee punha tyanna nivadanuk curr bharava lagla; bauddhankade dharmantar kinwa hakalpatticha adhik kathor paryay hota.
purvichya kabulijbab sthitee.
"teepah yaat keval asha rajyancha samavesh aahe jyanni tyancha rajya dharm swatach radd keela, rajya dharm asaleli rajye naheet jee jinkley gelee, tutali kinwa anyatha nahishi jhaali."