
heeng

heeng (; heeng asehi lihile jaate)
unch vadhana barmahi vanaspatinchya "ferula" chya anek prajatinchya prakand kinwa nalmoolatoon baher padnara valalela latex (gumm oleoresin) aahe. teey gajar kutumbatil, epiyasicha bhag aahet. hingeche mool sylphium yaa uttar aafriketil vanaspatipramanech aahe asey manale jaate, jee aata namshesh jhaali aahe asey manale jaate aanee pracheen kalapasoon tyaa aitihasikdrushtya mahattvachya aushadhi vanaspatinsathi swast paryay mhanoon vaparali jaat hotee. yaa prajati moolchya iranchya valvantatil aanee afaganistanchya parvatanmadhil aahet jithe mothya pramanat lagwad kelee jaate.
hingachya navat pratibimbit kelyapramane hingacha eka tikshna vaas asato, jyamule tyala 'durgandhiyukt hiradya' heey kshullak naav milate. swayampak kelyavar durgandhi nighun jaate; shijavalelya padarthanmadhye, tee lick kinwa kandyachya itar sambandhitanchi aathvan karoon denari gulgulit chav dete. ingala bolchalani bhashet ingrajimadhye 'devils dung' mhanoon dekhil olakhale jaate (aanee itar anek bhashanmadhye ashach prakarchya abhivyakti).
vyutpattishastra aanee itar nave.
ingraji naav 'aasa' yaa pertian 'mastic' aanee lattin 'durgandhiyukt' chya lattin rupavaroon aale aahe.
itar navanmadhye, tyachya tikshna vasamule anek apriy nave aalee aahet, tee samavisht aaheh
rachana.
samanya hingemadhye sumare 40-64% raal, 25 takke antarjaniy hirada, 10-17% asthir teel aanee 1.5-10% rakh asate. ralamadhye asaresinotenols aii aanee bii, ferrulic acid, ambeliferon aanee chaar adnyat sanyuge asatat. asthir telacha ghatak vividh organosulphide sanyuganni samruddha aahe, jase qee 2-beautyl-propanil-dysulfide, dialyl sulphide, dialyl diasulphide (lasaneet dekhil asate) aanee diamethyl trisulfide, jeey shijavalelya kandyachya durgandhisathi dekhil jababdar aahe. organosulphides heey pramukhyane hingachya vasasathi aanee chavasathi jababdar asatat.
vanaspatishastriy srot.
anek 'ferula' prajati hingeche srot mhanoon vaparlya jaatat. tyapaiki bahutek aavashyak telatil mubalak pramanat salfaryukt sanyuge darshavtat.
vapar.
swayampak.
haah masala pachan madat mhanoon, annamadhye masala mhanoon aanee lonchyat vaparla jaato. dakshin ashiyai shakahari pakakrutinmadhye tee chav vadhavnari mhanoon kaam karoon chav vadhavanyachi mahattvapoorn bhoomika bajavate. haldisobat vaparale jaanare heey, visheshtah batate aanee phulkobivar aadharit, daali, chanyachya aanee bhajipalyachya padarthansarkhya dalichya padarthancha eka manak ghatak aahe. heeng shakahari bharatiy pakakrutinmadhye vaparali jaate, jithe tee anek padarthanchi chav vadhavate, jithe tee annavar shimpadanyapurvi garam telat patkan garam kelee jaate. kashmiri pakakruti rogan joshsarkhya kokru/mutton padarthanmadhyehi yacha vapar karatat. kadhikadhi annatil god, aambat, kharat aanee masaledar ghatakanmadhye samanvay sadhanyasathi yacha vapar keela jaato. padarthala taap detana tyat masala misalala jaato.
tyachya shuddha swarupat, teey ralachya tukadyanchya swarupat vikale jaate, jyapaiki thodya pramanat vaparasathi scrap kele jaate. shuddha ralacha vaas itka tivra asato qee havah-ghatt containermadhye sathavale naslyas jawalchya itar masalyanna tee tikshna gandh dooshit karel.
lagwad aanee utpadan.
ralasarkhi hiradi khod aanee mulanmadhun kadhalelya valalelya rasatoon yete aanee tee masala mhanoon vaparali jaate. taje asatana raal rakhadi-pandhara asato, parantu gadad umber rangat sukato. hingeche raal kapane katheen asate aanee paramparikaritya dagadanmadhye kinwa hatodine chirun takale jaate. aaj, sarvat samanyapane upalabdh asalela prakar mhanje tandalache peeth kinwa maida (pandhara gavhache peeth) aanee hiradya arabisah 30 takke hingeche raal asaleli bareek puud, heeng hii sanyugmit aahe.
"ferula aasa-foetida" hii epiacy kutumbatil eka ekpeshiy, aushadhi vanaspati, barmahi vanaspati aahe. teey uchch unchiparyant vadhate, aanee pananche aakarman golakar asate. khodachya pananmadhye rund aavaran prushthbhag asatat. fulanche deth unch aanee jaad aanee pokal asatat, aanee aachchhadanatil anek schizogenus nalika reginus hiradya dharan karatat. phule fikat hiravya rangachi pivalya rangachi asatat jee mothya sanyug nashinmadhye tayar hotat. fale andakar, sapat, patal, lalsar tapkiri asatat aanee tyat dudhacha rus asato. mule jaad, prachand aanee garkat asatat. teey dethansarkhech raal tayar karatat. vanaspatichya serve bhaganmadhye vishisht garbhatil vaas asato.
itihas.
iranchya palikade jaminivarun aaleli heeng bhoomadhyasagarachya suruvatichya kalat parichit hotee. alekzandar daad gretchya eka mohimedware too europemadhye aanala gela, jyane ishanya pracheen parshiyachya pravasatoon paratalyanantar tyanna vatale qee tyanna uttar aafriketil prasiddha cyrenechya silfiyamsarkhich eka vanaspati sapadali aahe-jaree tee qamee chavdar asali taree. pahilya shatkat, diascoridesne lihile, "jaree ekhadyane tyachi chav ghetali asali taree, cyrenaic prakar ekach velee sampoorn sharirat vinod nirman karato aanee tyacha sugandh atishay nirogi asato, jyamule too shvasavar kinwa fakt thodasa lakshat yet nahee; parantu madhyak [irani] shaktimadhye kamkuvat aahe aanee tyala durgandhi aahe."tarisuddha, svayampakat teey silfiyamsathi badalale jaau shakate, jeey bhagyavan hote, kaaran diascorideschya kalanantar kahee dashakannantar, cyreneche kharey sylphium namshesh jhaale aanee doctoranmadhye tasech svayampakimadhye hinge adhik lokpriy jhaale.
hingacha ullekh yahudi sahityatahi anek vela keela jaato, udaharanarth mishnah. mammonides pavsalyatil 'mishneh torah' madhye asehi lihitat, ekhadyane jaast masalyasah ubdar ann khalle pahije, parantu mohari aanee hinge [] maryadit pramanat khalle pahije."
europemadhye aata too samanyatah visarla gela asala taree bharatat tyacha mothya pramanat vapar keela jaato. bhagvat puranat (7:5:23-24) hingacha ullekh aahe, jyamadhye mhatale aahe qee devatechi pooja karnyapurvi ekhadyane hing khalla nasava. hinge brahman aanee jaine khatat. sase krishnache bhakt dekhil tyanchya annat hing vapartat, kaaran tyanna kande kinwa lasoon khanyachi parvanagi nahee. tyanche ann sevan karnyapurvi (prasadam honyasathi) bhagwan krishnala arpan karave lagate aanee kande aanee lasoon krishnala arpan karata yet nahee.
anek arab aanee islami shastradnya aanee aushadh vikretyanni hingeche varnan kele aahe. evisennane hingechya pachankriyevaril parinamanvar charcha kelee. ibn all-baitar aanee fakhar all-deane all-rajhee yanni shwasan pranalivar kahee sakaratmak aushadhi parinamanche varnan kele aahe.
romchya patananantar aanee 16vya shatkaparyant, europemadhye heeng durmil hote aanee jarr kadhee aadhalale tarr tyachyakade aushadh mhanoon pahile jaat asey. "pakakala kartana vaparlyas, pratyek padarth tyachya bhishan vasamule nasht hoil", asey garcia dii ortachya european atithine thampane sangitale. "murkhpanacha", garciane uttar dile, "bharatachya pratyek bhagat, aushadh aanee pakakala yaa donhimadhye, yapeksha jaast vyapakpane kahihi vaparale jaat nahee."italian punarujjivanachya kalat, bhoot bhagavanyachya vidhicha bhag mhanoon hingacha vapar keela jaat asey.