
operation shuddhata

operation chastty hii mitrarashtranni francemadhil quiberon khadee tabyat ghenyachi dusya mahayuddhachi yojana hotee, jyamule 1944 madhye uttar francemadhil sahyogi karvayanna pathimba denyasathi krutrim bandarache bandhkam shakya jhaale.
bandarala dhoka nirman karnare german tabyat asalele bhag tabyat ghenyat us VIII corps apayashi tharalyane krutrim bandar vikasit kele gele nahee. august 1944chya akheris, mitrapakshanchya sainyane gambhir bhag vagalata serve britney tabyat ghetale hote, jyamule mohimecha pudhil vikas rokhala gela. september 1944 chya suruvatila antwerp aanee tyachya bandar suvidha tabyat ghetalyanantar, operation chasty adhikrutpane 7 september roji radd karnyat aalee.
operation purn naan jhalyane aanee shevati operation radd kelyane, satipanamule sanlagn logistical pranalivar taana vadhala, 1944 madhye germanyvaril mitrarashtrancha vijay rokhala gela asava aanee 'dusya mahayuddhachi gambhir chook' mhanoon varnan kele gele asave, jaree itar itihaskaranche asey mutt aahe qee, payutar honanya german sainyacha pathlag karnyas yogya pradhanya denyat aale hote.
parshvabhoomi.
mitrapaksh jevha operation adhipatyache niyojan karat hote tevha khol panyachya bandaranche adhigrahan hii eka prathamik chinta hotee. yache kaaran asey qee tyachya yashatil mahattvacha ghatak logistics, visheshtah american logistics hota, kaaran barava united states armi group british 21 vya armi grupapeksha inglish channell kostapasoon pudhe karyarat asel.
adhipatyachya yojnemadhye, mitrapakshanni seane nadichya paschimes aanee loarchya uttares eka surakshit nivassthan sthapan karanyachi kalpana kelee. yaa talavarun, purese sainya aanee puravatha upalabdh jhalyanantar mitrapaksh parris aanee nantar germanykade pudhe jaatil.
adhipatyachya yojanene asey gruheet dharale qee dii-day nantarchya pahilya aathvadyanmadhye, sanlagn sainyala aakraman samudrakinanvar aanee done tutee bandarandware pathimba deela jaeel jeey ekatra kele jaatil-omaha samudrakinanyavar "aaa" aanee goaled beechvar "buub". tathapi, dirghkalasathi aanee mohimesathi aavashyak asalelya mothya pramanat atirikt sainya aanee puravatha hatalanyasathi, tatbandichya bajula mukt jahaje sodane aavashyak asel.
tyamule, cherberg bandar tabyat ghene haah adhipatyachya yojanecha pahila uddesh hota. heey paay rovalyanantar, pramukh bandarancha taba ghene aanee tyancha vikas karane heey sarvat mahattvache ekmev dhoranatmak uddisht asel.
normandymadhil saat bandare dii-day nantarchya pahilya chaar aathvadyant tabyat ghetali jaatil aanee ughadali jaatil ashee apeksha hotih igni-suur-meer, cherberg, grandcamp-maisi, seent-west-suur-seuls, barfluor, granville, manche aanee seent-maalo. cherberg vagalata, serve chhote aanee bharatiche hote, jyamule cherberg heey mitrapakshanchya sainyala puravatha karnare ekmev pramukh bandar hote. tathapi, cherbargmadhyehi darroj 8 kinwa 9,000 tananpeksha jaast kshamata vikasit karanyachi yojana aakhanyat aalee hotee, tarr lahan bandarancha uddesh keval thamba mhanoon hota.
normandymadhil apuya bandar kshamatecha arth assa hota qee bargadya bandaranna mukhya vahtook bhoomika bajavavi lagel. kharey tarr, operation adhipatyache ekoon yash heey british sainyasathi mukhya puravatha aadhar mhanoon britneyche aayojan karnyavar aadharit hote aanee adhipatyakhalil yojnet britneyche mahatva "atishayoktipurnapane sangata yenar nahee". tyamule, adhipatyakhalil yojanene britneyla vegale karnyache aanee tichi bandare tabyat ghenyache aavahan kele. bandare tabyat ghetlyanantarach parris aanee germanychya dishene mohima suru hotil.
tathapi, serve bandaranmadhye suvidha nasht hone, bandare bund karane aanee german lokanni utkhanan kelele marg asane apekshit hote, tyancha karyakshamatene vapar karnyapurvi vyapak durustichi aavashyakta hotee. tyamule, tabyat ghetalelya french bandaranchi vahtook kshamata francechya mitrarashtranchya muktis madat karnyasathi pureshi nasel aanee normandy kinwa britneymadhye kuthetari eka naveen bandar bandhave lagel assa nishkarsh niyojakanni kadhala.
yojana.
mitrapakshanchya logistical samasyevarcha todga april 1944 madhye tayar karnyat aala aanee tyala operation chastty heey naav denyat aale. yaat quiberon khadee yethe eka naveen, khol panyache bandar bandhane samavisht hote.
britneychya nairutya kinanyavar lorient aanee seent-nazayar darmyan chaar lahan bandaransah eka motha nadimukh asalelya quiberon khadila quiberon dweepkalp aanee lahan betanchi eka resha aanee mothya bele ilene aashray deela hota. aurey nadine lokmariyakar bandarajaval jawaljawal ubhya bajunsah darmyan aanee rund eka lamb-khol talav shodhala hota.
operation chastine talavat taranganare khadde bandhanyachi yojana aakhali, jyamule mothya jahajanna sobat bandhata yeil, tasech kinanyavar maal aanee sainya vahoon nenyasathi marg tayar hotil. ekach velee paach jahaje utaravanyasathi jaaga asel, jyamule darroj 2,500 tunn puravatha thet vahananvar karanyachi kshamata asel. talavat bandhalelya aanakhi tees jahajanmadhun thet kinanyavar puravatha karananya lightercha vapar karoon darroj aanakhi 7,500 tunn paanee utaravale jaau shakate.
operation chastitincha mukhya fayda mhanje thet united statesmadhun pravas karananya swatantrya jahajanna utaravanyachi kshamata. eka spurr line aanee marshelling yard bandhalyanantar normandy pradeshabaher tulanene naan kharab jhalelya railway jaalyat pravesh karane haah aanakhi eka fayda asel. quiberon khadiche kinare dekhil qamee bharatichya velee ell. ess. tii. utaravu deteel.
operation satipanachi itar aakarshak vaishishtye mhanje quiberon khaditil aashrayit lunger, bandarala tutee bandaranna samarpit shram aanee sahityacha keval eka ansh aavashyak hota aanee tyat manak ghatak aanee upalabdh upkarane vaparali gelee hotee.
tathapi, quiberon upasagaraparyantche marg lorient aanee bele ile yethe german kinarpattichya tofkhanyanni vyapale hote aanee niyojakanchya matey, joparyant breast, lorient aanee bele ile tabyat ghetale gele naheet toparyant quiberon khaditoon maal pathvane naudalachya hastakshepamule ashakya hoil."quiberon khadee dii + 40 paryant tabyat ghetali jaanar hotee aanee breast aanee lorient dii + 50 paryant kosalatil. niyojanakaranna vatale qee dii + 60 paryant british sainyala tutee bandarancha pathimba milel, tarr american sainyala cherberg, seent-maalo aanee quiberon khadicha pathimba milel.
operationchi manjuri.
antim yojnet lorient, breast, seent yanna pakadanyachi kalpana kelee gelee. maalo aanee quiberon khadee jithe naveen bandar vikasit kele jaeel. amerikekadun thet pravas karnare sainik breast yethe utarnare hote aanee quiberon beey heey eka pramukh puravatha bandar mhanoon vikasit kele jaanar hote. yaa chaar bandaranchi kshamata sumare 17,500 tunn/divas asanyachi apeksha hotee, quiberon khadee 10,000 tunn/divas utaranyachi apeksha hotee.
sarvoch mukhyalay sanlagn moheem dalane (shafe) 22 april 1944 roji operation chastitela manyata dilee. kaaran tyane mitrapakshanchya vahtook samasya sodavanyachi sarvat mothee kshamata dilee hotee, tyala sarvoch pradhanya denyat aale aanee us third armila britney tabyat ghenyache uddisht denyat aale. operation satipanachi bharr ghalane hii aakraman yojanechi antim mothee durusti hotee.
ghatana.
junmadhye aalelya vadalamule omaha samudrakinaryavaril tutiche nuksan jhalyanantar tee sodoon denyat aalee hotee, matra thet samudrakinaryavar utaravalelya purvathyache praman apekshepeksha khoop jaast asalyamule heey nuksan qamee jhaale. jaree 27 juuna roji cherberg tabyat ghenyat aale asale taree bandar nasht jhaale hote aanee punarbandhanichi aavashyakta hotee, parinami julaichya akheris tyala keval thodasa puravatha midala. 
julaichya suruvatila, britney tabyat ghenyacha paryay prastavit karnyat aalah purvela jaaun german sainyala vedhoon tyaa sainyachya paschimes parabhoot karnyasathi, aanee sainavareel tabyat ghetalelya bandaranmadhun puravatha karoon. yojnakaranna yaa yojaneche fayade disat asale taree tyanni aagrah dharala qee us logistics heey bargadya bandaranvar avalambun aahe aanee seane bandare tyanchi jaaga gheu shakat naheet. tyamule, general eisenhower aanee general montgomeri yaa doghannihi, tyanchyashivay sanlagn logistics apuri asel heey lakshat gheuun, britney bandare tabyat ghenyachya garjevar jore dene suru thewale.
quiberon khadee kshetra tabyat ghene itake mahattvache manale gele qee, sanyukt havai aanee ubhaychar operationcha vichar keela gela, operation hatanni kshetra tabyat ghenyasathi operation kele gele parantu operation dhokadayak manale jaat asalyane, heey manya karnyat aale qee septemberparyant britneymadhye pudhe jaanyas vilamb jhalyasach prayatna keela jaeel.
quiberon khadikade jaa.
1 augustparyant, operation kobrachya yashanantar, mejar general trie etch. middletonchi us VIII corps auph daad us third armi, mejar general johnn ess. chya netrutvakhali britney aanee us 4thaa bakhtarband vibhagat pudhe jaat hotee. lakud pontauboltapasun renesachya dishene nairutya dishene dhakalale jaat hote. 
2 august roji, 4thaa bakhtarband vibhag renesachya uttarela ekatra karnyat aala. yaa tappyavar, lakudane britney dweepkalpacha paya quiberonaivaji angersver adavanyacha prastav thewala, joou tyacha vibhag purvekade charterschya dishene halavanyachi tayari hota. 3 augustchya sakali middletonla tyacha prastav pathavalyanantar aanee konatahi aakshep naan gheta, woodney tyachya yojanechi amalbajavani karnyache aadesh dile. tyaa dupari, middletonne lakudala "tumhi chaloo thevanyapurvi bhadyache bhade surakshit thevanyachi" soochana dilee, jyamule badalasathi sammati soochit jhaali. 
4 august roji middletonne vibhagala renespasoon kinanyaparyant, visheshtah raydon aanee laa roche-bernard yetheel pool, parantu sainyane purvekade valalele, villen nadivar eka marg surakshit karnyache aadesh dile. yamule chauthya bakhtarband vibhagala quiberon khadipasoon sumare daha mail door sodale gele, tarihi tethe aanee tyachya uddeshamadhye farsa virodh jhaala nahee.
tisya lashkarache pramukh, mejar general hoog jeey yanni yaa pravruttila virodh keela. gaffeene chauthya bakhtarband vibhagala aadesh deela qee, "lashkarachya yojnenusar wans aanee lorient shaharansah, vibhagacha motha bhag paschim aanee nairutyela quiberon kshetrakade dhaklawa." 
tyach divashi, leftnunt general george ess. tisya sainyache senapati patton yanni tyanchya dindarshiket lihile, "lakadi bail pudhe sarkala aanee rains olandun purvekade valala, aanee aamhala tyala tyachya uddishtankade parat valvave lagale, jeey qee wann aanee lyrient aahet, parantu tyacha atee utsah eka divas vaya gela." 
tisya sainyachya aadeshanche palan karnyat aale aanee 5 augustparyant amerikecha chautha bakhtarband vibhag quiberon dweepkalpachya talavar pohochala hota. avyavasthit german sainya lorient, seent-nazayar aanee quiberon dweepkalpat mage hatat hote.
gambhir thikane surakshit karnyat apayash.
9 augustparyant, chauthya bakhtarband vibhagane rains tabyat ghetala hota aanee laurientchya sanrakshanacha tapas karat hota, parantu tyanni sangitale qee teey itake majboot hote qee tyanna patkan pakadale jaau shakat nahee. tathapi, german commander, general dair artillery wilheim fahrambacker yanni nantar sangitale qee jarr americansani 6 teey 9 august darmyan laurientvar hallah keela asata, tarr teey bahudha yashasvi jhaale asate. 
chauthya bakhtarband vibhagat 13 augustparyant german sainya lorient aanee quiberon dweepkalpat hote, jevha teey VIII corpschya niyantranatun gele, pattonne tyachi pramukh uddishte tabyat naan gheta aanee payadalane kavach naan gheta purvela valale.
darmyan, urvarit VIII sainyane, itar sahyogi sainyasah, urvarit britneycha barachsa bhag mukt keela hota, seent-malochi ladhai 2 september roji shaharachya bachavkartyanni aatmasamarpan kelyane sampali. 25 august roji breastsathichi ladhai suru jhaali. tathapi, dusare gambhir sthan, bele ile, augustchya akheris saaf kele gele nahee.
radd karane aanee tyanantarche parinam.
augustchya akheris, breast, lorient, seent-nazayar aanee quiberon dweepkalp yaa tatbandichya bhaganshivay serve britney saaf karnyat aale. tathapi, operation chastitinchi konatihi purvat asaleli thikane tabyat ghenyat aalee navhati aanee tyanchi sanrakshn purnapane karyarat hotee. tyamule quiberon upasagaracha vikas suru houu shakala nahee.
3 september roji, aavashyak vahtook kshamatecha abhav asoonahi, shefney germanychya dishene german sainyacha samanya pathlag karnyache aadesh dile. mitrarashtranchya sainyane vegane pragati kelee, parantu pathalagala aadhar denari bandar kshamata aavashyak asalelya kshamatechya keval nimmya itaki hotee. 4 september roji, britishanni bandaratil suvidha abadhit thevun antwerp tabyat ghetale. 7 september roji, shefney quiberon beey yojana radd kelee aanee done divasannantar, eisenhowerne tharavale qee konatyahi britney bandaranchi aavashyakta nahee.
tathapi, antwerp antardeshiy hota, jeey mothya pramanat utkhanan kelelya skilled nadimukhavar hote aanee marg ajunahi german hatat hote. 2 aktoobar teey 8 november yaa kalavadhit canadian sainyadalane skildchi ladhai ladhali aanee 28 november roji pahili sahyogi jahaje antwerpmadhye dakhal jhaali. september teey november yaa kalavadhit purvathyachya abhavamule mitrapakshanchi german kosalanyacha fayda ghenyachi kshamata maryadit jhaali aanee decemberparyant germanykade mitrapakshanchi moheem thapp jhaali hotee.
18 september 1944 roji breastchya bachavkartyanni aatmasamarpan kele, parantu bandarachya suvidha purnapane nasht jhalya aanee tyanna punha karyanvit karnyat aale nahee. europemadhil yuddh samplyanantarach sharanagati patkarlyanantar lorientla kadhihi tabyat ghetale gele nahee.
operation shuddhata yavar charcha.
operation shuddhata sodoon denyachya nirnayache shahanpan haah vadacha vishay rahila aahe, parantu quiberon khadee tabyat ghenyat mageel apayshakade anek itihaskaranni durlaksh kele aahe.
nakaratmak matey.
operation chastitela eka chukaleli sandhee mananare mhanatat qee jarr quiberon khadivaril bandar sthapan kele gele asate tarr tyane 12 vya lashkari gatala purvekade thet railway margansah uchch kshamatecha puravatha tall deela asata, jyamule tyanchya vahtook samasya sodavalya gelya asatya.
udaharanarth, norman aar. denny auph daad yuu.ess. armi kamand andd general staff collegene mhatale aahe qee operation chastitchi amalbajavani karnyat ayashasvi jhalyamule europemadhil mitrapakshanchya mohimela grasalelya rasad kamataratemule 1944 madhye germanychya sharanagatichi shakyata "nasht honyas" madat jhaali. tyanni pudhe yuktivad keela qee lakud, middleton, patton, leftnunt general omer bradley aanee eisenhower yanchya krutinmule britneymadhye pragati nirathak jhaali aanee germanykade mitrapakshanchya mohimela dhoka nirman jhaala. visheshtah, tyanni assa yuktivad keela qee quiberon dweepkalp tabyat ghenyat woodche apayash heey "dukkhad" hote.
tyachpramane, leftnunt curnell harrold ell. dalanvalan kshetrachya karmchanyanchya mcney operation chastitinchi amalbajavani karnyat apayash yenyache varnan "dusya mahayuddhachi gambhir chook" asey kele. mack pramukhyane lakadavar quiberon khadee tabyat ghenyat ayashasvi tharalyacha dosh lavto, jyane "parisasathichya mukhya mohimet bhag ghenyasathi aapale munn lavoon ghetale hote, jithe too prasiddhi aanee gaurav prapt karoo shakat hota" aanee keval ardhe munn thevun tyachya aadeshanchi amalbajavani kelee, parantu aadeshachya sakhalitil serve vudchya varishthanvar "quiberon khadee ghenyachi sarvoch garaj" samajoon ghenyat ayashasvi jhalyacha aarop karato.
patrick ess. vilyamsacha assa yuktivad aahe qee shefney jugar khelala qee, aaplyapaiki bahutansh tisya sainyala german sainyala follace pocketmadhye mage taknyasathi samarpit karane mhanje logisticschya abhavamule mitrarashtranchi pragati thambanyapurvi germanyvar nirnayak vijay midvane, britney bandare tabyat ghenyasathi eka mothe sainya samarpit viola havey hote aanee operation chastit radd karnyachya nirnayamule aadhich najuk asalelya mitrarashtranchya logistical pranalivaril taana vadhala. teey mhanatat qee operation chastitchi amalbajavani karnyat apayash aalyane "1944 madhye germanyvar mitrarashtrancha vijay rokhala gela asel"."
sakaratmak matey.
operation chastit hii eka chukaleli sandhee hotee yavar asahmat asalelyancha assa vishvas aahe qee, parabhoot karananya german sainyachya vedhyala aanee tyanantarchya pathpuravyala yogya pradhanya denyat aale hote. tyancha pudhe assa yuktivad aahe qee purvathyacha abhav haah maryadit vahtook ghatak navhata, purvela vegane jaat asalelya aaghadikade puravatha karane hote aanee operation shuddhata vahtook paristhitimadhye mothya pramanat sudharana kelee nasati.
udaharanarth, itihaskar basil lidel-haart mhanale, "american bhaladharyanni binvirodh purvekade dhaav ghetali asatee. parantu mitrapakshanchya hayakmandne yaa mothya sandhicha fayda uthavanyachi sarvottam sandhee, aakramanachya purvichya kalbahya jhalelya karyakramala chikatoon thevun, gamavali, jyamadhye brittonchi bandare tabyat ghenyasathi paschimekade jaane heey pudhche paul hote."itihaskar russel vegali yanni britneyshee asaleli bandhilaki hii purvekadil mohimela pathimba denyasathi kharch kelelya sansadhanancha apavyay asalyache manale.
martin vanne craveled assa yuktivad karatat qee jaree patton aanee tyachya adhinsthanni "yojanankade durlaksh kele" aanee "logistic tabledware bandhale jaanyas nakar deela", tyanchya purvekadil vegwan agrakramamule german sainyacha naash honyacha dhoka hota, jyamule tyanna francemadhun baher kadhale gele. teey asehi suchavatat qee sambandhit niyojak purvathyacha vapar aanee logistics pranalichya kshamatebaddal atee nirashavadi hote. yavyatirikt, mitrapakshankade itar konatyahi sainyapeksha adhik motar vahtook hotee aanee teey unhalyat, changlya rastyanchya jaalyavarun, shatruchya havai nirbandhanshivay aanee maitripurna loksankhyemadhye kaam karat hote.
yuddhanantar, wood quiberon beey aanee lorient ghenyaivaji tyachya vibhagala purvela valavanyachya tyachya prayatnat thaam rahila, asey mhanat, "aamhala mool yojaneche palan karnyas bhag padale gele... haah yuddhachya prachand murkhpanachya nirnayanpaiki eka hota."