kharedi kutumb

bayak kutumb (shabdalekhan prakarah "bayak") heey eka abhijat belgian kutumb aahe jeey 14 vya shatkat tyache mool shodhu shakate.
rajkaran, vyavasay aanee arthshastra, vastukala tasech lashkari kshetrat anek sadasya pramukh rahile aahet. 1383 madhye flandersche pahile naudalpramukh, zaan book heey pahile dastaivajikaran kelele ullekhaneey hote, parantu 1521 madhye yaa kutumbala vanshparamparagat padvi denyat aalee aanee jagatil pahili sarvajanikaritya soochibaddha company saha-sthapan karnyache shrey tyanna dile jaate.
yaa kutumbala flanders aanee khalchya deshanmadhil rajeshahichya sevecha pradirgh itihas aahe, haah pradesh aajchya belgium, netherlands aanee luxemberg yaa deshanmadhye pasarlela aahe, tasech scottish aanee ingraji mukutanshi sambandh aahe. belgium aanee nighthood rajyatoon vegvegalya vanshajanna rashtriy aadeshanchi sthapana karnyat aalee aaheh adhik visheshtah mukut kram, bibtya kram aanee sanman sainya.
kharedi kutumbatil samkalin sadasya ajunahi belgian mutsaddegiri, vyavasayat sakriy aahet aanee tyanchya dirghakalin pramukhatesathi olakhale jaatat. aajahi heey kutumb aantarrashtriy staravar paropkarasathi sansthatmak bandhilaki rakhoon aahe.
shirshake aanee vanshparamparagat.
nitehood.
1521 madhye, vanshparamparagat kayadyannusar, kharedi kharedi kutumbala denmarkcha raja khristi yane kulinpanachi padvi, night hii dilee. shastranchya rajala shastranche coat niyukt karnyacha aanee vanshavali aanee udatt padvi satyapit karnyacha adhikar hota. 1534 madhye pavitra roman samrat archduke ferdinand pahila yane yaa kutumbala nite aanee coat auph arms pradan kelyachi pushti punha ekada kelee.
hatancha coat aanee bodhvakya.
hatancha coat hii hii aakarachi dhaal aahe, jee nilya-rakhadi aanee laal rangat, eka sinhavar belgiumchya sinhavar vibhagaleli asate. denmarkcha raja khristi yachya patravar aadhalalela shastrancha coat haah sarvat juna punarutpadan aahe joou aajahi sathavanukit aahe. nantar elizabeth bookchya 'emikoram' yaa dhvanimudrikechya mukhprushthavarhi.
heraldic kautumbik bodhvakya junya french bhashanmadhye aaheh "ioncy du pliest" (aadhunik vartanih "ioncy du plite"), jyacha anuvad "dewala jase aavadate tase" assa hoto.
jyaa pradeshatoon heey kutumb ugam pavale, too purvi paschim francecha bhag hota. aupcharik shikshan french bhashetahi aayojit kele jaat hote, jyala uchch vargachi aanee uchch sanskratichi 'lingwa franca' manale jaat asey (leuvenchya catholic vidyapithache vibhajan pahaa). tyamule frenchmadhye vanshparamparagat bodhvakya sapadane asamanya nahee.
vyutpatti.
kautumbik navachi utpatti flemish aahe. teey pracheen german vaiyaktik naav 'bergard' pasoon vyutpann aahet (berkhart pahaa) aanee german bakshi tulana karoo shakatat. too dutch prakarantargat dekhil aadhalato, mukhytah puratan buik kinwa buik.
german burkhart heey madhyayugeen vaiyaktik naav 'burkhard' pasoon pracheen german 'burhard' pasoon aale aahe."heey 'phorta casal' sathee 'berg' aanee 'hardy', 'brave' kinwa 'strong' sathee 'haard' yaa ghatakanpasun banalele aahe.
lashkari.
kharedidar kutumbacha rajkiy sahbhagacha pradirgh itihas aahe aanee tyala lashkari aanee rajkaranatil tyachya bhoomikesathi manyata midali aahe.
flandersche pahile naudalpramukh jeane book.
jeane (flamishmadhil zaan) book haah eka shoorvir hota, joou 14 vya shatkat flandersmadhye janmala aanee flamis tafyacha senapati hota. tyacha ugam flanderschya countymadhun jhaala (jyala frenchmadhye 'comte dii flander' asehi mhanatat), jyala 'royal flanders' asehi mhanatat. shatkanushatke, ghent, brajes aanee yapres yaa shaharanchya aaspaschya vasahatinni europemadhil sarvat samruddha pradeshanpaiki eka nirman kele.
sagari vyaparache sanrakshn karnyasathi, visheshtah charles vhee. aay. yanni kelelya hallyanpasoon sanrakshn karnyasathi jeane bookala bolavanyat aale hote, tyane franco-flemish tafyache netrutva kele. 25 march 1387 roji, inglish vahinitil thams nadee nadimukhajavalachya ladhait flemish fleetcha capton jeane book yala qaid karnyat aale. too flandersmadheel sarvat ullekhaneey navik asalyane, duke phillip daad boldney frenchanni tabyat ghetalelya portugalchya rajachya naisargik bhawala tyachi badali karnyasathi ingrajanna deu kele. pann yaa shoor karnadharane tyanna kitee nuksan kele hote heey lakshat gheuun ingrajanni hii devanghevan karnyas nakar deela. thamschya mukhajavalachi hii ladhai jithe aapan spanish jahaje ladhatana pahato, jase tyanni purvi flanderschya jahajanchya bajoone kele hote
robbert book.
robbert book yanni belgian nausainikanchi seva kelee aanee sankatat sapadalele jahaj vachavanyasathi samudrat padalyabaddal tyanche smaran kele jaate. 1927 madhye, tyanchya smaranarth braselsachya rastyala tyanche naav denyat aale.
rajkiy (punarjagaran).
juicet sizbrandszoon kharedi qaraa.
aadhunik kalatil suruvatichya kalat, kharedi karnare kutumb heey eka shrimant amsterdam kutumb hote. oko aanee hireman vanne zuidtwijak yaa kutumbansah itar pramukh pramukh vivah jhaale.
kharedi kutumbatil anek sadasyanni emsterdamchya nagarparishadet mahattvachi padey bhushavali. sarvat prasiddha sadasya mhanje joost sizbrandszoon book (1505-1588), jyane 1549-1577 yaa kalat emsterdamchya mahapouranpaiki eka mhanoon vikrami satra vela seva bajavali. 1549 madhye spaincha raja phillip dusra tyala shapath deil. too vayachya 24 vya varshi shahar sallagarat sameel jhaala aanee tyala catholic mhanoon manyata midali.
emsterdamchya bhoo-nondinchya nondi, kharedi kharedi kutumbashi sambandhit mothya poulder darshavtat. teey gerbrand, jacob aanee cornellis yaa teen mulanche vadil hote.
yaa badalamulech catholic 'wroadschap' (shahar-parishad) vareel joost bookcha nirnay sampushtat aala. 26 meey 1578 roji, 24 shahar-parishadechya sadasyanna amsterdam sodanyas bhag padale gele. bandkartyanni parishadela damarkala nele, jithe tyanna emsterdammadhun baher kadhanyasathi nauka tayar kelya gelya hotya. teey harlem kinwa leadenmadhye sthayik jhaale kinwa nantar shantpane paratale.
jagatil pahili sanyukt-sambhag company.
hendrick vikat ghya.
eka yashasvi vyapari aanee pahilya stock-listed companyche saha-sansthapak, hendrick book yancha janm 1551 madhye (1613 madhye emsterdammadhe daphan) jost book, amsterdam mahapour aanee jacob book, aud kerkche shevatche padri, jeey yaa badalaviruddha ladhale, yanchya bhawala jhaala.
dutch east india companychi saha-sthapana (v.oo.see.).
hendrick bayak yanni aaj pahili aanee agraganya "company" mhanoon olakhali jaanari compagny vanne vere ("lamb pallyachi company") chee saha-sthapana kelee jee nantar dutch east india company (v.oo.see. kinwa "andadhundapane kaam karane)". too nauu nauu companycha bhag hota, jyanni javasathi eka tafa tayar keela hota.
serve nauu nauu pratyeki pratyeki gilderchi guntavanuk keleeh tyanchya yogdanamule sataravya shatkachya suruvatila kalvyachya bajula asaleli sahaa ghare kharedi karata aalee. meey 1594 madhye warmostraitmadhye (amsterdam) bhetanare serve lock 'bevinthebers' banale, jeey aaj 'bevindovorders' kinwa prashasakanchya samatulya aahet.
vhee. chey pahile paan.oo.see. bhandavali vargani khatyamadhye vhee madhye samayik keleli tartud asate.oo.see. vyapar keela jaau shakato, hii eka purvat hotee jyamule tee pahili sanyukt-sambhag company bunley. prushthachya payathyashi, digdarshak hendrick bayakchya nondi pahata yetat.
aadhunik corporate prashasanachya drushtine vibhag heey sarvat jawalche patravyavahar asalele sahaa 'kaksh' ('commers') mhanoon vyavasthapan aayojit kele gele hote. tyaa sabhagruhanvar rajya rajya serve prashasak sahbhagi hott hoteh tyanna 'xviii lords' ('herren xviii') mhanoon olakhale jaat hote.
vhee. chya pravas.oo.see. sansthapakanchya sanchalananantar barach kaal tikoon rahila aanee tyachya sanadeche anek vela nutanikaran karnyat aale. ekoon 4'721 jahaje aashiyat gelee jyapaiki 3'356 parat aalee. 1795 madhye companyche rashtriyikaran karnyat aale.
shahee vivah.
maria book aanee prince charles edward stuart yanchyatil vivah.
1688 madhye, dutch stadtholder william tisra yane protestant rajkarnyanchya nimantranavarun majboot sainyasah englandvar aakraman kele. tyane catholic banalelya tyachya sasarchya james dwitiyala tyachi mothee mulgi mereechya bajoone hakaloon dile. 1745 madhye, jamescha natoo, jyala tyachya sunder dekhavyamule boney prince charley mhanoon olakhale jaate, tyane scotlandver aakraman kele. tyane jacobite uthav suru keela, jyacha akheris kulodenchya ladhait (1746) ayashasvi ant jhaala.
englandcha raja james dusra aanee scotlandcha sahava yacha natoo prince charles edward stuart yane 1749 madhye maria bookashi vivah keela.
heey topananav heey hanoverchya gharanyachya british davyanna pushti aavhan ex-laa-chappelchya tahaviruddhachya tyachya 1748 chya nishedhacha parinam hota. yaa kararamule charlesla france sodane aavashyak hote. pudhil kahee varshe jaree too veshbhushet tithe jaat rahila, taree meey 1752 madhye charlesne aupcharikpane tyache nivassthan ghent yethe hastantarit kele.
tyane maria bookashi lagn kele asatana, asey manale jaate qee clementina walkinshaw (janm 1720) hii prince charles edward stuartchi malkin hotee.
mutsaddi.
pararashtra vyavharansathi sallagar.
1997 madhye, shahee aadeshadvare, steelworkschya vyavasayachya prasangikatemule, belgiumchya upapantpradhan, pararashtra vyavhar aanee arthmantryanchya pararashtra vyavharansathi sallagar mhanoon niyukti jhaali.
nicolas kharedi karato.
moolatah belgiumchya ekalo yetheel lui engebert book heey 1684 aanee 1717 pasoon tyaa shaharache mahapour hote.
nicolas book heey eka anubhavi mutsaddi aahet, jyanche pahile kaam 1990 salche aahe. teey sadhya croatiamadhye belgian rajdoot mhanoon kaam karatat. zagarebmadhil dutavas croatia, bosnia aanee herzegovina aanee sloveniyasathi jababdar aahe.
tyanchya karyakalat mahamahimanni dubrovnic, opatija aanee vibhajit shaharanmadhye manad vanijya dutavasanchi sthapana kelee. rajdoot mhanoon tyanchya purvichya karyanmadhye estoniatil tyanchya rajnaitik niyukticha samavesh aahe. nicolas bookchi pahili moheem kongo-brezzaville yethe hotee aanee yapurvi 2008 madhye estoniachya tallin yethe rajdoot mhanoon niyukt karnyat aalee hotee.
kalatmak aanee sanskrutik.
natakkar.
johann wolfgang wonn gothe yanni 1788 saalee agmont navache natya natak lihile. tyat braselsmadhil agmont sanchasah aitihasik varn hote.
heey drushya 1568 madhye belgiummadhye ghadavanyat aale aahe. kalakaranmadhye mukhya mhanje alvacha duke aanee naringicha william, tasech eka hollander (purvichya holland prantatil mool rahivasi) kharedi karane, jyat dhanurdhar mhanoon lashkari haat sakarla jaato aanee egmontchya gananesathi ahwal deela jaato.
crossbo shootingmadhye nipunateche aavhan jinkun, suruvatichya drushyat kharedi hote. tyanantar too tyachya kaushalyachi tulana count egmontchya kshamateshi karatoh "ruyasamah daaz itch yuk sej-air scheate vaay seane hair, air scheate vaay agmont."
"kharedi karah gegen ihan biin itch noor ain armer schlucker. mea khoop changle kaam kele aahe, mea khoop changle kaam kele aahe. pann, heey serve kahee nahee, heey serve kahee changle aahe. mea swatahun sangato, aata punha ekada. gellert habbey itch vonn humm. teey serve kahee eka divas aadhipasunach hott aale."
egmontmadhun, goethedware ark kadha. yaa kathankatil bookchya bhoomikene agmontla eka majboot aanee prabhavi lashkari neta mhanoon darshavile aanee prekshakanna dharmik sahishnutebaddalachya countchya vruttichi aathvan karoon dilee. nantar, 1809 madhye ludwig vanne beethoven yanni viennies aupera hausasathi sobat sangeet sadarikaran kele. 1974 madhye yaa natakacha chitrapat pradarshit jhaala.
jacob bookche khajgi granthalay.
16 vya shatkatil amsterdam yetheel dharamshastradnya jacob book yanche khajgi granthalay, tyaa kalatil eka apavadatmak sangrah manale jaate. 1573 teey 1599 darmyan heey granthalay ekatra karnyat aale aanee tyat 1000 hoon adhik pustake aahet. 1632 madhye, granthalay emsterdamchya nagarpalika granthalayat villin karnyat aale, jyamule teey duppat mothe jhaale. bahutek pustake ajunahi vishesh sangrah vibhagat aahet, bahutek mool sthiteet aahet aanee jacob bookchya swatah chya kahee hastalikhit hastalikhite aahet, jyat tyachya granthalayachya hastalikhit soochicha samavesh aahe. dutch itihasachya ashant kalat emsterdammadhe emsterdammadhe puranmatvadi, catholic bauddhikanche samajik aanee mansik jug yaa majkuratoon pratibimbit hote.
chitrakala.
edord piyare august vincent book heey eka brugg-janmalele (1888) chitrakar hote, jeey 1960 madhye newyork, united statesmadhye sakriy hote. book heey pahilya mahayuddhadarmyan belgium sainyashi ladhatana jakhami jhalyanantar americet sthalantarit jhaale.
tyanni smithsonian american qalaa sangrahalayat sapadalelya pramukh vastoonsah shilalekhan, teel chitrakala aanee korivkam yancha sarav keela. 1940 madhye newyorkmadheel slingerlands yetheel tyanchya studiola lagalelya aagit tyanchi anek kaame nasht jhaali.
anek kalakruti karyanvit karnyat aalya aanee tyat franklin dii. yanche chitra samavisht aahe. ruzvelt jeey white hausmadhye pradarshit karnyat aale. itar ullekhaneey chhayachitranmadhye newyork sarvoch nyayalayache nyayadhish mhanoon charles poleti yanchi chitre samavisht aahet.
vastukala.
yaa kutumbane 18 vya shatkatil belgium sthapatyashastriy bhupradesh varas mhanoon dilela asalyache olakhale jaate. 
navjagaran.
jeane-francois book (1761-1836) heey hote, jyanni 'united kingdam auph netherlands' madhye brij, raste aanee jalvahinyanche paryavekshak mhanoon, rejexwaterstatchya prashasanat kaam kele.
1831 teey 1841 paryant tyacha mulga shaharatil vastuvisharad jeane-brunan rudd yanchya margdarshanakhali brajes shaharat karyarat hota. teey bruj akadamimadhye shikshakahi jhaale.
1842 madhye, piyare book jeane-augustein vanne canegamechya jaagi aala, kaaran tyala west flandersmadhye prantiy vastuvisharad mhanoon niyukt karnyat aale, joou brajes, austend, vern aanee dixmide jilhyansathi jababdar hota. grameen bhagatil kautumbik nivassthan mhanoon uddeshalela 1876 salcha killa aata flandersmadhye sthapatya varsa mhanoon vargikrut keela gela aahe.
tyacha mulgach tyachya nantar sthapatyakalet aala, tyane flemish flemish anek prakalp bandhale. tyachya neo-gothick aanee neo-romantic shailisathi too olakhala jaato. 1914 madhye bandhanyat aalelya zibragmadhye tyanni tatkalin sarvat mothya rajya prashasakeey imaratichi rachana kelee hotee.
samkalin vastukala.
toney book heey braselsmadhil eka suprasiddha vastuvisharad aahet. tyanni seent lucas yetheel gent vidyapith mahavidhyalayatun padvi ghetalyanantar 1972 madhye manyataprapt archie-beuro architects yaa sansthechi sthapana kelee.
vastuvisharad mhanoon tyane egyptmadhil kairo garden ciity center aanee belgium bmw aanee mercedees shhow-rooms aanee 100 hoon adhik khajgi malkichya estatechi rachana karnyacha anubhav nirman keela. tyachya avant-garde shailine tyala olakhale jaate.
toney book heey braseels-rajdhani pradeshatil shaharikaran mahavidhyalayachya mandalache manyataprapt sadasya aahet, jyasathi tyanchi 2003 madhye pahilyanda niyukti karnyat aalee hotee.
braselsmadhye toney bookne anek hotelschee punarsthapana, pramukhyane nutanikaranadware sulabh kelee asey olakhale jaate. yaat donada hottel estoriya tasech bhavya thikanala lagoon asalelya anek imaratincha samavesh aahe, hottel leey dixceptimesathi, heey serve unescochya varshacha bhag aahe.
tyanchya karyalayane 2012 madhye hilton yethoon aii. jee. sthavar malmattechya malkichya malmattet vyavhar karnyas madat kelee. yaa companyne german hottel company steasenberger hotelschya chhatra brand duesh hospitalitycha sallagar mhanoon kaam kele.
2012 paryant heey sunder qalaa-shailiche hottel eka conrad hote. march 2015 madhye mothya nutanikaranantar, hotelane tyache naav badaloon steasenberger wiltcher kele.
bandhkam steelworks.
victor bayak steel construtionla tyachya sthapakachya navavarun naav denyat aale aahe, jyane 1927 madhye belgiumchya ghentjaval haah vyavasay sthapan keela. suruvatila victor bayak yanni vimanache hanger, shade aanee bahya imarati bandhanyapurvi sthanik vyavasay aanee aanee lahan yantre tayar kelee.
belgiumchya mahayuddhanantar europemadhil bahutansh raste aanee railway payabhoot suvidha badalane aavashyak hote. victorcha mulga johnne vyavasay haatee ghetalah aaj victor bayak done swatantra vyavasay kshetranmadhye vibhagalela aaheh payabhoot suvidha aanee imarati.
companyne maleshiyachya seremban yethehi kaam suru kele aahe. maleshiyacha vyavasay europepasoon swatantrapane chalato aanee tyache sumare 85 takke kaam sthanik prakalpanmadhun yete. austreliya aanee singapursah aashiyatil itar deshanmadhyehi hii company sakriy aahe.
sarvat thalakpane, europemadhye, swis resathi angabhoot-suut asalele gherkin, 2001 madhye bandhkam suru jhalelya victor bayakdware bandhale gele hote. 40-sootarii sanrachanet 100'000 tunn polad aahe aanee 180 meterver aahe, jee london chauras mailachya belgiumchya kramankachi sarvat unch rachana aahe.
luxembergchya grand duchymadhye, adhik visheshtah keey. pii. emm. jee. mukhyalayasathi, mukhyalayasathi polad bandhkam puraskarandarmyan yaa companyla manyata denyat aalee. shaharat adolph pulasathi parvanagi denari tatpurati rachana bandhanyasathi dekhil hii company olakhali jaate.
logomatchi.
etch. chey sampadan.aar.emm. belgiumchya havelichi ranee
1991 madhye, belgiumchya belgiumchya leopoldchi ranee, baroness vaghan hiche khajgi nivassthan sampadan kelyanantar, kharedidar kutumbane malmattevar vaad nirman keela.
aavhan aavhan mahapouranni bedkhal karnyachya prakriyecha prayatna keela
braselsachya havelimadhye manus kudelala malmatta midvanyat ayashasvi hotana pahile hote. kharedidar kutumbala malmatta midavi yasathi, braselsachya mahapouranni bedkhal karanyachi prakriya suru kelee. anivarya kharedi hii janahitasathi hotee yaa aadharavar gaay kudelane hii prakriya suru kelee.
vakili
kharedi kharedi kutumbane yaa prakriyeshi ladhanyasathi belgian rajgharanyachya pathimbyachi magani kelee. shahar prashasanane suru kelelya niyojan prakriyechi chaukashi mantrimandal aanee belgiumcha raja albert dusra yachya mutsaddi sallagaranni kelee. tyat aniyamitata asalyache tyanna aadhalun aale jyamule bedkhal karanyachi karyavahi avaidh tharali.
surakshitata
tevhapasoon hii malki kharedidar kutumbane kayam thewali aahe. neoclassical malmatteche sanrakshn karnyasathi 1993 madhye braselsasathi smarakeey varsa mhanoon tyachi nond karnyat aalee aanee nantar 1994 madhye belgiumcha smarakeey varsa mhanoon manyata midali.
vaidyakeey kshetra.
ernest kharedi
1870 madhye janmalela, braselsmadhye vivahabaddha jhalela ernest noel dominic book aanee 1917 madhye vaidyakeey kshetratil doctor yanchi 'leason auph aunar' sathee shoorvir mhanoon niyukti karnyat aalee.
felix kharedi
felix book heey pathichya kanyachya aaghatavar prakashit lekhak aahet. teey braselsachya mukt vidyapithatun (vrije university braseel) padvidhar aahet aanee tyanchya abhyasadarmyan uchch varanvartechya pathichya kanyachya uttejanadarmyan manvi menducha abhyas lihinyasathi tyanna manyata midali.
benelux neuromodulation societyne 2019 madhye kelelya tyachya kamasathi felix bayak puraskar deela. 2020 madhye tyala flemish thesis puraskarasathi nivadanyat aale.
paropkarasathi vachanbaddhata.
ullekhaneey belgian mandalachya jaaga.
abb inbev foundation
stanford aanee kulyuven majee vidyarthi mhanoon, cybel book heey upadhyaksh mhanoon kayadeshir aanee corporate vyavhar mhanoon abb inbev foundationchya mandalavar basatat. jaagtik staravar daruche hanikarak sevan qamee karane aanee abb inbevchya jaagtik smart pinyachya uddishtanchya pathpuravyasathi vaidnyanik kathorata aananyachya uddeshane 2017 madhye foundationchi sthapana karnyat aalee hotee.
ullekhaneey lakzari boardchya jaaga.
solveche majee vidyarthi luxemberg
kharedi kutumbatil anek sadasyanni braselsmadhil solve business skoolmadhye shikshan ghetale aahe. david book yanni sansthechya bhavya duchy adhyayachi sthapana kelee. adhyaksh mhanoon, david bayakne anek upkram suru kele, visheshtah pratishthit solve finance tour. yaa yaa (aanee tyanantar london aanee parris yaa shaharansathi kelelya punaravrutti), yaa sanghatnene darvarshi sarvat apavadatmak vitt vidyarthyala €1,000 kimatichi vitt pustake dilee aahet. vitt abhyasatil utkrushtatela bakshis dene aanee shaikshanik aanee vyavsayik jug yanchyat nirman hone aavashyak asalelya jawalche sambandh olakhane haah yamagcha uddesh aahe.
luxemberg vitt daura serve umedvaranna samaan sandhee deto aanee tyala vitt, luxemberg stock exchange, banq ett cass dii 'epargne dii laal' etat, bloomberg ell. sathee luxembergcha pathimba midala aahe.pii.pii. doubleu. see., aay. jee. group, aperam, yuu. bii. ess., european investment banq aanee european stability mechanism.

