edward levnor (mrutyu 1605)

surr edward levnor kinwa levnor (1542-19 september 1605) heey nantarchya elizabethan kalat purv angliamadhil shuddhatavadi abhijat vargatil eka pramukh sadasya hote aanee ingraji sansadetil dharmik babinvar eka mahattvacha aavaj hote.
ugam aanee tarun jeevan.
edward haah kingsten busicha darbari edward levnor, sussex aanee tyachi patni dorothy, robbert roth aanee jaine hott yanchi mulgi aanee surr thomas roth yanchi baheen yancha motha mulga hota. tyache vadil robbert roth (thomas cromwell aanee richard ritch yancha sahkari) yanchya snrakshak padavar vadhale, jyanni tyanchya ichchhenusar (1536) tyanchya palakachya lagnasathi tyanchya mulivar dorethyla disha dilee. raja edward sahava yane, jyaa prevy chembarmadhil sajjananpaiki eka asalelya, jyachi patni merrie hii shrimant richardchi mulgi hotee, tyachya mehunyala thomas krodhit kelyabaddal, motha lovenerchya darbari mhanoonchya karkirdila motha fayda jhaala. tathapi, raja edwardcha mrutyu aanee 1553 madhye ranee mereechya rajyabhishekanantar, surr johnn check aanee surr anthany cook yanchyasobat raag (protestant sudharanancha prabal samarthak) paradeshat haddapar jhaala.
donhi rajancha varr mhanoon navajlela kulee asalelya jyeshth levnorne darbarat aapale sthan kayam thewale, parantu ranee merila padchyut karnyasathi aanee tichya bahinichi elizabethla tyanchya vatine raja heinry VIII chya ichchhechi prat midvanyasathi tyane aaplya paristhiticha vapar keela tevha too (heinry doodly aanee heinry peckhamcha) 'dudley cutt' madhye adakala. 1556 madhye too deshdrohachya gunhyat doshi aadhalala, parichit jhaala aanee sambhavya kshama milanyachi vaat pahat fashi pudhe dhaklat londonchya towermadhye qaid karnyat aala. yaveli ranine surr thomas krodhala englandla parat yenyas bhag padanyacha tatadicha prayatna keela, parantu yash aale nahee aanee teen mahinyanantar burujamadhye tyachi patni aanee tyachya eka mullis upasthit asalelya levnorche september 1556 madhye nidhan jhaale. tyamule vayachya 14 vya varshi tyacha mulga edwardla tyachya balpanichya sthitichya aanee tyachya apekshanchya sampoorn ulatya sthitila tond dyave lagale jevha tyachya vadilanna burujavar daphan karnyat aale.
mereechya patranchya petantdware februvarimadhye hamsey, east susaxchya haveli aanee advosions anek jameen tyachya aaeela parat denyat aalee. elizabethchya pahilya varshi, levenorche chaar mulge (edward, thomas, stephen aanee william) aanee sahaa mulee (jaine, maria, elizabeth, enee, dorothy aanee lucresses) yanchya yachikevar tyanna tyanchya rakt, vansh aanee padvimadhye punarsthapit karnyasathi eka kayada manjur karnyat aala. yamule tyanchya vadilanni tyanchya deshdrohachya aanee praptichya velee vaparlele, tabyat thevalele kinwa ulatavun dilele kinwa merrie kinwa elizabethne rokhanyache kaaran shodhayala havey hote asey konatehi varasatva vagalata tyanchya serve purvajanchya vanshparamparechi punarsthapana jhaali. tyamule tyanna tyanchya vanshavalinna, jase qee too kadhihi parichit jhalela nahee, lovenoarche varas banavanyacha aanee praptakartyachya karanastav tyanchya rajpadanna jyaa adhikar aahet asha adhipatya, sanman aanee itar labhanshivay, tyanche hastantaran karnyacha adhikar hota.
tyache aataparyantche bhagya punarsanchayit jhaale, edwardche shikshan seent johns college, cambridge yethe jhaale, easter 1559 madhye nivruttivetandharak mhanoon matrick aanee bii.aaa. 1561 madhye, aanee 1561 teey 1563 paryant mahavidhyalayache sadasya hote. tyanni kayadyacha abhyas karnyasathi 1562 madhye madhya mandirat pravesh keela. tyachya mulane tyachya vadilanchya chhapil epitafmadhye nondavale aahe qee tyala nantar ranee elizabethchya shahee gharat kahee seva sapadali. tyacha pudhcha bhau thomas levnor (bahudha toch jyane triiniity collegemadhun matrick purn kelee, cambridgene 1557-58 yaa karj mudatit padvi ghetali aanee bii.aaa. 1563 madhye 'lapsed authority' dware, 1568 paryant shillak rahilelya) hyachyadvare hamseycha rector sadar karnyat aala.
vivah aanee swafaulkmadhye sthalantar.
1570 chya sumaras edwardne hayam hallche surr thomas hegam yanchi mulgi susanne aanee rushbrook hallche surr thomas germine yanchi mulgi martha yanchyashi vivah keela. tyachi aaee dorothy levnor kingsten busichi rahili, tyachya lagnacha parinam mhanoon edward safolk yethe sthayik jhaala, rushbrook aanee higmajavalachya seent edmonds, safolkjavalachya denham yethe sthayik jhaala aanee tethe tyache kutumb sthapan kele, jithe purush vansh teen pidhyanparyant chaloo rahile. yamule too madhya purv anglian abhijatanchya natesambandhat ghattapane adakala aanee, tyachya tatkal germine aanee hegham sambandhancha vichar karata, eka gatasah joou safaukmadhil kattarpanthi shuddhatavadi swarsyacha samavesh karato. levnorne hii bhoomika naisargikaritya aanee utsahane swikaralih yaa vishisht kautumbik gatachya (jyachi sansadiy upasthiti majboot hotee) adhikarakhali ekatra kaam karnare dandadhikari aanee mantralayache jule samajik stambh pradhyapak collinson yanni varanvar uddhrut kelelya prakaran-abhyasacha vishay banatat.
susanne heghamche vadil surr thomas hegham heey johnn heghamche natoo aanee jyeshth varas hote (mrutyu see. 1522), jyacha dhakata bhau clement hegham lavenham (mrutyu 1500) haah barrocha surr clement heghamcha pita hota, safolk (mrutyu 1571) 1554 madhye haus auph commonscha vakta, eka khula catholic aanee protestantcha ullekhaneey chhal karnara hota. speaker hayamcha mulga surr johnn hegham (mrutyu 1626), jyanchyabarobar levenorla adhik kaam karayache hote, too purv angliamadhil puritain chalvalicha madhyavarti aashraydata hota. germinedekhil ashach prakare dvidaleey hote. martha germineche vadil surr thomas 1552 madhye maran pavale aanee ticha bhau surr embrose germine (mrutyu 1577) haah ranee mereechya karkirdit purv angliatil protestantancha tivra roman catholic aanee tivra chhal karnara hota, parantu aale eka ahavalanusar elizabeth sinhasanavar aalyanantar lagechach aayuktanchya atirekanna aala ghalanyasathi twarit pavale uchalali. tyacha mulga surr robbert germine (mrutyu 1614) matra, eka tadjod naan karnara shuddhatavadi aanee snrakshak aanee johnn hegamcha sahkari hota.
martha hegham hiney denhamcha rajwada ticha sanyukt bhag mhanoon ghetala hota aanee denham sabhagruh (charchchya bajula) bandhanyasathi jababdar asoo shakate, jyache june kapad tyachya nantarchya darshani bhagachya mage rahate. sahanubhootine tivra shuddhatavadi, tee 1593 paryant jagali. ticha mantri robbert prick urf oldamayne hota, jyache kautumbik naav mereechya karkirdit chhal talhanyasathi varvar pahata badalale gele. 1577 madhye oldmaynene tyacha mulga timothicha denham yethe baptisma ghetala aanee edward aanee susanne levnor yanchya sampoorn kalat 30 varshe tethe sevak rahila. 1581 madhye robbert germinechi baheen frances cambridge yetheel seent johns andd triiniity collegemadhye shishyavruttisathi dengya sodoon maran pavali, jyamule robbertla niyuktyanchi nivad midali aanee tine richard prick aanee johnn nonstubs anek purv anglian mantryanna tremelius baybalachya pratee dilya. 1584 madhye cambridge yetheel emmanuel mahavidhyalayachi sthapana jhalyanantar surr robbert yancha varas thomas germine lagechach nondani kelee, surr robbert yanni swatah tethe shishyavrutti dilee aanee eka kayamswarupi sambandh suru jhaala jyamadhye leveners pudhe gele.
sansad.
levkenorla earl auph lessester sarkhya shuddhatavadi sahanubhutidaranni yashasvi sansadiy karkirdit prayojit kele hote, jyanchya madatine 1571 madhye too tamworthsathi emm. pii. mhanoon nivadala gela. 1572 madhye too tyachya purvajanchya kshetrajavalil nyu shorehamsathi khasdar mhanoon nivadala gela. tyanantar teey 1584 aanee 1586 madhye maldensathi nivadoon aale. levnor, surr johnn hegham (nite 1579,1584 madhye aayapsvichasathi emm. pii. aanee 1586 madhye safauksathi) aanee surr robbert germine (tyach sansadet safauksathi emm. pii.) yanni sansadet eka majboot shuddhatavadi gatache netrutva kele, anekada samiteet ekatra kaam karat, vidwan padrinchya mahattwala aanee episcopal shakti aanee kriyakalapanchya sudharananna samarthan dett, germain visheshtah thet sangharshat aala.
1584 madhye levkenor shabbathachya adhik aadarpurvak palanyasathichya vidheyakat sameel hota-jyala charchchya vyavharanmadhye hastakshep mhanoon shahee pratikarala samore jaave lagale. tyaa varshachya uttaradhat tyanni dharmik pracharkanchya swatantryasathichya yachikanvar vichar karnyasathi eka samitivar kaam kele. 1585 madhye tyane susasexchya lokanchya vatine mantralayatil atyacharanvishayi yachika sadar kelee, tyach velee ranee elizabethne rajyala dilelya mothya fayadhyansathi, sansadiy karyavahit vaparnyasathi, devache aabhar mananyachi adhikrut prathna tayar karnyavar dekhrekh kelee. kelee uttaradhat, yaa nishthechya chachani kinwa puravyasathi, tyala, hegham aanee germine yanna itarambarobar niyukt karnyat aale, jyadvare merrie, scotschee ranee yanna nyayachya amalbajavanisathi aanata yeil.
tathapi, 1587 madhye, jevha samanya prathaneche sudharit pustak aanee tyasobatche biil anthony tapp, emm. yanni sabhagruhasamor thewale tevha heey tyala sanrakshn deu shakale nahee.pii. banbury, oxfordshire. tyamule charchchya babinmadhil kahee samasyanmadhye sudharana hoil ashee aasha hotee aanee prastavkane tee vachanyachi aanee serve charchmadhil vidyaman pustakanchya jaagi tee manjur karanyachi magani kelee. jeey pramanikpane pann ayashasvipane, tyachya vachanachya bajoone bolale, tyanpaiki levkenor eka hote. yaa karyavahimule rajgharanyatil twarit napasanti nirman jhaali aanee jevha bhashan swatantryacha muddah upasthit karnyat aala tevha asey asey sadasyala (pieter gowarth) londonchya londonchya pathvanyat aale. aale divashi tapp aanee edward levkenores itar teen jananna dekhil tethe qaid karnyat aale. surr johnn hegham aanee surr robbert germine heey 11 divasannantar tyanchya sutakecha vichar karnyasathi niyukt kelelyanpaiki hoteh tyancha dhairya sumare eka mahina tikale.
nantarche jeevan.
levkenor 1588-89 chya sansadet navhata. 1589 madhye, jevha too punha maldensathi basala, tevha tyachi aaee dorothy levnor kingsten busi yethe maran pavali, jyamule edwardla tichya varshasathi jababdar ekmev karyakari banavale gele. yamadhye tee aanee too 1570 madhye ticha natevaik surr francis walsingham yachyakadun midavalelya done hazar gunanchya manyatemule bandhale gele hote, avivahit mulinna dilelya konatyahi varas kinwa deyake 1000 paundanparyant maryadit hotee, jyache tine agadi palan kele. 1594 madhye levnorne hamseycha haveli aanee advossion vikala, joou 1563 madhye tyachya aaichya mrutyunantar lagoo honyasathi tyala ulatya swarupat denyat aala hota. mageel varshi, too punha ekada maldensathi basala, tyachi sasarchi martha hegham denham yethe maran pavali, jyamule edward ticha ekmev karyakari banala aanee tyala khoop vistrut malmatta dilee, denham swatah done hegam mulinmadhye vibhagalelya matruvanshiy varshachya susanachya bhagamadhye tyachyakade aala.
martha tichyadvare emmanuel mahavidhyalayat shishyavrutti sthapan karel (jee amalat aanane edward levnorchya haatee padale) yaa ativar qee timothi oldamayne jevha tee ghenyas tayar asave tevha tyacha anand ghyava, jeey timothyne tyanusar 1595 madhye kele, 1598-99 madhye biae aanee 1602 madhye emae paryant pudhe gele. surr robertcha dhakata mulga robbert germine, 1597 madhye emmanuelmadhun matrick purn keela aanee 1599-1600 madhye biae padvi prapt kelee. darmyan, suffock upadeshak richard blackerby, triiniity collegeche (1587, bii. see. madhye pravesh ghetala. 1590), jyavar william perkinschya shikavanukicha khoop prabhav hota, cambridge sodalyanantar surr robbert germine yanchya gharat tyanche padri mhanoon rahat hota aanee nantar done varshe timothi oldmayanchya bahinishi lagn karnyapurvi, levenerspramanech denham yethe rahat hota. levnorcha motha mulga edward yala 1599 madhye emmanuelmadhye dakhal karnyat aale.
edward levnor 1598 madhye newport, cornwallsathi khasdar hote. november 1597 madhye garibanchya madatisathi aanee rikamya bhikarina pratibandh karnyasathi prastavit vidheyakancha vistarit vichar karane yasah vividh prakarchya sansadiy kamat teey sakriy rahile. 1603 madhye raja james pahila yane tyanna nitechi padvi dilyanantar, 1604 madhye tyanna maldensathi khasdar mhanoon parat kele gele aanee church aanee dharmachya prashnanmadhye tyancha tivra sahbhag punha suru jhaala. visheshtah tyanni thampane samarthan kele qee, nondanichi aavashyakta keval ekonatis kalmanparyantach vistarli pahije, prathna-pustakaparyant nahee, jenekarun 'dharmik sevakanna' sthapit sevakaryatun vagalale jaau naye.
lahan edward levenorla (denhamcha dusra) julai 1604 madhye emmanuel mahavidhyalayat nivruttivetandharak mhanoon dakhal karnyat aale aanee tyachya mothya bhavane 1605 madhye biae padvi prapt kelee. shitpittacha udrek talhanyasathi 1605 madhye madhye mulasah kembrijahoon denhamla gharee bolavale, mitrane sansarg tyachyabarobar aanala, jyane aktoobar 1605 chya suruvatila, salag divasanmadhye tyanchya aaee aanee vadilancha jeev ghetala.
mrutyu aanee nyay.
dame susanne (jyacha aadhi mrutyu jhaala) aanee surr edward yanchya mrutyuchya tarkha thadgyavaril shilalekh (2 aanee 3 aktoobar), chhapil epitaf aanee antyasanskarache pramanpatra (3 aanee 4 aktoobar) yanchyat thodya vegalya aahet. 5 aktoobar 1605 roji tyanna denham yetheel seent merrie charchmadhye daphan karnyat aale aanee surr edward yanchya jaagi tyancha motha mulga edward levnor uttaradhikari jhaala.
tyanantar 9 janewari roji jhalelya antyasanskarat, tyache mulge, mulee aanee javai shoke karnare mhanoon upasthit hote, tyache manak tyachi baheen mereecha mulga johnn matchellne sweekarle hote aanee edwardne mukhya shokakala mhanoon pennon. robbert prick urf oldamayne yanni antyavidhiche pravachan dile jeey prakashit jhaale. edwardne, tyachya mulane, surr edward, tyachi patni aanee prathna kartana tyanchi aath mule yanchya koralelya dagadi koreev kamanche eka vistrut chhat asalele table smarak, alikadech tyaa kinwa itar karanasathi bandhalelya charchmadhil eka prathanagruhat ubharale. tyane tyachya vadilansathi eka threnody dekhil prakashit kelee, jyamadhye anek vidyapith dharmashastradnyankadun lattin, ingraji, greek aanee hibru padya shraddhanjali gola kelee gelee, jyat william bedel, nantar emmanuel college aanee nantar horringerchya kahee olee aanee josseph hallmadhun, emmanuelchya dekhil, tevha hostedmadhil mantri.
yaa antyasanskarache digdarshan richmond aanee somerset heralds (johnn raven aanee robbert tracewell) yanni kele hote. thadgyachya vanshparamparet eka chhatra kendrabindu mhanoon eka dhaal samavisht aahe jyat anek chaturthansh levkenorche panjoba, aanakhi eka surr edward (aaa. 1522), donhi bardolph, tregoz, noel aanee dii 'oyali, dallingries aanee eachingham kutumbanmadhil tyachya vadilanchya vanshatil aanee elizabeth (isabela) radmieldchya madhyamatoon tyachya matechya camoy aanee dii braze varshamadhye. tyaa shakhetil kingsten busichya levkenor gharanyache pratinidhitva karnyasathi heey eka pratikchinh aahe, madhalya pidhyansathi konatehi atirikt vanshparamparagat darshavile jaat nahee. yaa vanshacha arth aanee samkalin samaj 1612 aanee 1615 madhye, surr edward levkenor yaa lahan saranchya kalat tayar kelelya vistrut vanshavalit darshavili gelee aahe, joou 1610 madhye surr heinry neville yancha javai jhaala.
chhatrachya donhi tokanvar samatulya sthiteet levkenorsathi (dextor) samaan chaturthansh aanee hegamsathi (dusht) aath chaturthansh darshavinare feet aahet. surr edwardchya mulanchya vivahasathi vaiyaktik lukoniche angarkhe chhatrachya aadvya bajula pradarshit kele jaatat, purvekadil done mulansathi tayar kelele aanee dusht gathee mokalya thevalya jaatat. lattin thadgyatil shilalekh (nihsanshaypane tyacha mulga edward yane lihilela) haah nyayalay, sansad aanee rashtrakulasathichya tyachya nishthavan aanee maulyavan sevancha sandarbh deto, jyamule tyala serve changlya vyaktinchi manyata midali aanee denhammed suvartechya pracharas parichay karoon denyache tyache karya. dame susanche khrishchan guna, tichi bhaktipurna vinamrata, shuddhata, udarata aanee garibanprati dayalupana yanchehi kautuk kele jaate.
surr edward yanchya mrutyunantar tyanchyakade mothya pramanat malmatta hotee (surr thomas hegham yanchya tyanchya patnila varshane midalelya malmattechya nimmya bhagasah), jyacha tyancha motha mulga varas hota. 9 jaanevarila tapas shavavichedan karnyat aale.
mule.
surr edward levkenor aanee tyanchi patni susanne hegham yanchi mule khalilpramane darshavili gelee aaheth

