
swayatt pranali (internet)

swayatt pranali (aii. ess.) hii ekach prashasakeey sansthesathi kinwa kshetrasathi eka kinwa adhik network operatorchya niyantranakhali asalelya jodalelya internet protocol (aay. pii.) rooting upasargancha sangrah aahe, jeey internetvar eka samanya aanee spashtapane paribhashit rooting dhoran sadar karate. border getway protocol (bgp) margkramanamadhye vaparnyasathi pratyekas swayatt pranali kramank (asn) denyat aala aahe. swayatt pranali kramank sthanik internet nondani (ell. aay. aar.) aanee antim vaparkarta sansthanna tyanchya sambandhit pradeshik internet nondani (aar. aay. aar.) dware niyukt kele jaatat, jeey internet niyukt sankhya pradhikaranakadun (aay. aii. aine. aii.) punarnirdharanasathi aii. ess. aine. chey khand prapt karatat. aayna khajgi vaparasathi rakheev asalelya aasananchi nondani dekhil thevate (aanee mhanoon jaagtik internetvar jaheer kelee jaau naye).
mulat, yaa vyakhyesathi ekach sansthedvare, visheshtah internet seva pradata (aay. ess. pii.) kinwa anek networkshee swatantra jodani asalelya eka mothya sansthedvare niyantran aavashyak hote, jee ekach aanee spashtapane paribhashit marg dhoranache palan karat hotee. march 1996 madhye, naveen vyakhya vaparat aalee kaaran anek sanstha tyaa serve sansthanna internetshee jodana aay. ess. pii. laa sankhya mhanoon khajgi vaparoon bii. jee. pii. chalvu shakatat. jaree ispdware samarthit anek swayatt pranali asoo shakatat, taree internet keval ispche margkraman dhoran pahate. tyaa ispkade adhikrutpane nondanikrut aii. ess. aine. asane aavashyak aahe.
2007 paryant, 16-biit purnank mhanoon sankhyanchi vyakhya kelee jaat hotee, jyamule jastit jaast 65,536 assignmentchi parvanagi hotee. tevhapasoon, aayna pradeshik internet nondani (aar. aay. aar.) laa 32-biit sankhya mhanoon dekhil niyukt karoo lagali aahe. yaa sankhya pradhanyane sadhya purnank mhanoon lihilya jaatat, jyaa 'esplane' mhanoon olakhalya jaananya sanketankamadhye, 0 teey 4,294,967,295 (hexadecimal 0xffff ffff) paryant asatat. kinwa, vaikalpikaritya, "aii. ess. dott +" navachya swarupat jeey "x" sarkhe disate.y, jethe "x" aanee "y" yaa 16-biit sankhya aahet. 0. y" yaa swarupachya sankhya hya agadi junya 16-biit sankhyechya aahet. 32-biit-aii. ess. aine. saksham router ("naveen bii. jee. pii. speaker") junya bii. jee. pii. software ("june bii. jee. pii. speaker") asalelya routerna, jyanna naveen 32-biit aii. ess. aine. samjat naheet, bii. jee. pii. sandesh pathavtat, asha prakaranasathi 32-biit aii. ess. aine. mulyansathi vishesh 16-biit aii. ess. aine. 23456 ("aii. ess. trans") laa placeholder mhanoon aayanane niyukt kele hote.
mool 16-biit purnankanche (0 aanee 65,535) pahile aanee shevatche aii. ess. aine. aanee 32-biit sankhyanpaiki (4,294,967,295) shevatche aii. ess. aine. aarakshit aahet aanee operatorsdware vaparale jaau nayet; aii. ess. 0 chaa vapar pachahi aar. aar. dware vatap naan keleli jaaga avaidh karnyasathi keela jaato. mool 16-biit shrenitil 64,496 teey 64,511 aanee 32-biit shrenitil 65,536 teey 65,551 heey dastaivajikaranat vaparnyasathi rakheev aahet. mool 16-biit shrenitil 64,512 teey 65,534 aanee 32-biit shrenitil 4,200,000,000 teey 4,294,967,294 khajgi vaparasathi rakheev aahet.
internetchya marg pranalitil adviteey swayatt jaalyanchi sankhya 1999 madhye 5,000,2008 chya uttaradhat 30,000,2010 chya madhyat 35,000,2012 chya uttaradhat 42,000,2016 chya madhyat 54,000 aanee 2018 chya suruvatila 60,000 peksha jaast jhaali.
march 2021 paryant vatap kelelya asnch sankhya 100,000 peksha jaast jhaali.
niyukti.
kaaran pradeshik internet nondani (aar. aay. aar.) laa internet niyukt sankhya pradhikaranadvare (aay. aii. aine. aii.) blockmadhye sankhya niyukt kelya jaatat. yogya aar. aar. nantar aayanadvare niyukt kelelya blockmadhun tyachya niyukt kelelya kshetramadhye asalelya ghatakanna aasan niyukt karate. aii. ess. aine. prapt karoo ichchinanya sansthanni tyanchya aar. aay. aar., ell. aay. aar. kinwa upstream seva pradatyachi arj prakriya purn kelee pahije aanee aii. ess. aine. niyukt karnyapurvi tyanna manyata dilee gelee pahije. sadhyache aayna aii. ess. aine. heey rearsasathiche kaam aayna sanketsthalavar aadhalu shakate. aine. aar. oo. chaa eka bhag mhanoon, aar. aar., tyanchya internet prashasana kshamatecha eka bhag mhanoon sankhya mhanoon radd karoo shakatat.
adhik vishisht mahitisathi itar srot aaheth
aii. ess. aine. table.
16-biit aanee 32-biit aii. ess. aine. chee sampoorn sarani upalabdh aaheh
prakar.
swayatt pranalinche (mhanoon) tyanchya sampark aanee parichalan dhorananusar chaar shreninmadhye vargikaran kele jaau shakate.
seet kelyapramane.
swayatt pranali eka kinwa adhik sanchanmadhye samavisht kelya jaau shakatat, udaharanarth pikalelya aine. see. see. chya sanchamadhye "12655 mhanoon" tyache sadasya mhanoon aii. ess. 1, aii. ess. 2 aanee aii. ess. 3 asatat, parantu aii. ess. 1 haah erine (aii. ess.-incapsula) aanee aii. pii. aine. see. (aii. ess.-ii. emm. ell.) madheel itar sanchanmadhye dekhil samavisht keela jaato. aanakhi eka nirdharit srot mhanje radb, level 3 (star 1 network jyala aata lumen tantradnyan mhanatat) aanee erinmadhye asses-setcha erine-nonath srot dekhil aahe. itar marg vastunpramanech, network operatordware internet rooting rajistrimadhye (aay. aar. aar.) aii. ess.-seet tayar kele jaatat aanee itar aii. ess. setmadhye samavisht kele jaau shakatat aanee agadi chakr tayar dekhil kele jaau shakatat.
seet keleli nave sahasa 'aus-' neey suru hotat, parantu tyanna shrenibaddha naav dekhil asoo shakate. udaharanarth, 64500 chaa prashasak, '64500: as-upstrems' navacha eka sanch tayar karoo shakato, jenekarun samaan naav asalelya itar sanchanshi sangharsh talhata yeil.
prakashit marg dhorananche vyavasthapan sope karnyasathi anekada seet mhanoon vaparale jaatat. aayat' aanee 'niryat' (kinwa naveen 'mp-aayat' aanee 'mp-niryat') gunavisheshancha vapar karoon margkraman dhoran irrmadhe prakashit kele jaate, jyamadhye pratyekamadhye srot kinwa gantavya kramank aanee aayat kinwa niryat kramank asato. yaa gunavisheshanmadhye sankhya mhanoon eka aivaji, samsanch mhanoon sandarbh deela jaau shakato, jyamule jatil marg dhorananche vyavasthapan sope hote.