
lanthanide aakunchan

lanthanide aakunchan mhanje lanthanide maliketil ghatakanchya anoo trijya/ionic trijyetil anoo kramank 57, lanthenumpasoon 71, lutetiumparyantchi apekshepeksha jaast ghat, jyacha parinam 72, hafniumpasoon suru honanya tyanantarchya ghatkansathi anyatha apekshit anoo trijye/ionic trijyepeksha lahan hoto. haah shabd norweche bhoo-rasayanshastradnya victor goldsmidt yanni tyanchya 'geochemische vertilungsessetz dair element' (ghatakanche bhoo-rasayanik vitaran niyam) yaa maliket tayar keela hota.
kaaran.
4f electrondware anubhar (electronveril anoo aakarshak shakti) qamee sanrakshanamule parinam hoto; 6s electron kendrakakade odhale jaatat, parinami anoo trijya qamee hote.
eka-electron anoonmadhye, kendrakapasun electronche sarasari pruthakkaran heey tyachya upkoshadvare nirdharit kele jaate aanee kendrakavar vadhana shulkasah qamee hote; yamule, anoo trijyat ghat hote. bahu-electron anoonmadhye, anubharat vaadh jhalyamule trijyet honari ghat hii electronmadhye vidyutsthaitik pratikarshan vadhavun anshatah bharoon kadhali jaate. 
visheshtah, eka "sanrakshn prabhav" karya karatoh i.eae.bahya kavchanmadhye electron jodale jaat asalyane, aadhich upasthit asalele electron bahya electronna anubharapasun sanrakshn detat, jyamule tyanna kendrakavar qamee prabhavi prabhar anubhavayala midato. aateel electrondware honara sanrakshn prabhav "s"> "p"> "d"> "f" yaa kramane qamee hoto. 
sahasa, ekhadya vishisht upkoshala eka kalavadhit bharalyavar, anoochi trijya qamee hote. haah parinam visheshtah lanthanideschya babatit spasht hoto, kaaran yaa ghatakanmadhye bharalele 4 'eff' upkosh bahya kavach (aine = 5 aanee aine = 6) electronche sanrakshn karnyasathi farse prabhavi nasatat. asha prakare sanrakshn prabhav vadhana anubharamule trijyamadhil ghatala pratikar karnyas qamee saksham aahe. yamule "lanthanide aakunchan" hote. lanthenamsathi ionic trijya 103.00 pasoon 86.1.00 paryant ghasarate.
lanthanidechya aakunchanapaiki sumare 10 takke sapeksh prabhavanmule hote.
parinam.
lanthanide kalavadhimadhye bahya kavach electronchya vadhiv aakarshanache parinam lanthanide malikevaril prabhavanmadhye vibhagale jaau shakatat jyat ionic trijyetil ghat aanee khaleel kinwa poost-lanthanide ghatkanvar prabhav samavisht aahe.
lanthanides gunadharm.
lanthanideschya ionic trijya lanthanide maliket 103 pii. emm. (ell. aii. 3 +) teey 86 pii. emm. (ell. yuu. 3 +) paryant qamee hotat, kaaran 4eff shelmadhye electron jodale jaatat. heey pahile eff kavach purn 5s aanee 5p kavchanchya aat aahe (tasech tatasth anoomadhil 6s kavach); 4eff kavach heey anoo kendrakajaval changlya prakare sthanbaddh aahe aanee rasayanik bandhanavar tyacha farsa parinam hott nahee. matra, anoo aanee aayaneey trijyetil ghat tyanchya rasayanshastravar parinam karate. lanthanidechya aakunchanavina, lanthanideche rasayanik pruthakkaran atyant katheen asel. tathapi, yaa aakunchanamule tyach gatachya 5vya aanee 6vya sankraman dhatunche rasayanik pruthakkaran katheen hote.
wickerschi kadakpana, brinelchi kadakpana, ghanata aanee lanthenumpasoon lutetiumparyant vitalanyacha bindu vadhanyacha eka samanya cull aahe (europium aanee yatarbiyam heey sarvat ullekhaneey apavad aahet; dhatuchya sthiteet, teey trikoniaivaji dvimiteey aahet). lutasium heey sarvat katheen aanee sarvat daat lanthanide aahe aanee 1925 keey. varr tyacha vitalanyacha bindu sarvadhik aahe, jyaa varshi goldsmidtne 'dye lanthaniden contraction' hii shabdavali prakashit kelee."lanthanidschya vitalanyacha bindu aanee ghanata (2raa, 7vaa aanee 14vaa vagalata) satatyane vadhate, jeey lanthenumchya (1925 keey viruddha 1193 keey aanee 9.841 jee/semee3 viruddha 6.162 jee/semee3) lutetiumchya 161% aanee 160% mulyandware spasht kele aahe.
lanthanides nantarchya rogavar prabhav.
aavart saranitil lanthanideschya nantarche ghatak lanthanidechya aakunchanane prabhavit hotat. lanthanides nastil tarr kalavadhi-6 sankraman dhatunchi trijya apekshepeksha qamee asate aanee pratyakshat kalavadhi-5 sankraman dhatunchya trijyanshi khoop samya asate kaaran atirikt electron shelcha prabhav jawaljawal purnapane lanthanide aakunchanane bharoon kadhala jaato.
udaharanarth, zirconium dhatuchi anuvidhi, zardar (eka kalavadhi-5 sankraman ghatak), 155 pii. emm. (anubhavjanya moolya) aahe aanee hafniumchi, etch. eff. (sambandhit kalavadhi-6 ghatak), 159 pii. emm. aahe. zedr4 + chee ionic trijya 84 pii. emm. aahe aanee etch. eff. 4 + chee ionic trijya 83 pii. emm. aahe. jaree electronchi sankhya 40 varoon 72 paryant vadhali asali taree trijya khoop samaan aahet aanee anoo vastuman 91.22 varoon 178.49 g/mol paryant vadhate. vastumanatil vaadh aanee aparivartit trijya yamule ghanata 6.51 varoon 13.35 jee/semee3 paryant tivra vaadh hote.
tyamule, gyrconium aanee hafniumche rasayanik vartan khoop sarkhe asate, trijya aanee electron sanrachana jawalun samaan asatat. jaali urja, dravan urja aanee sankulanche sthiratva sthirank yasarkhe trijya-aadharit gunadharm dekhil samaan aahet. yaa samanatemule, hafnium keval jirkoniyamchya sanyogane aadhalate, jeey adhik mubalak pramanat aahe. yacha arth assa dekhil hota qee 1789 madhye gyrconiumcha shodh laglyanantar 134 varshanni 1923 madhye hafniumcha eka vegala ghatak mhanoon shodh lagla. dusarikade, titanium ekach gatamadhye aahe, parantu tyaa done dhatunpeksha purese vegale aahe qee teey kvachitach tyanchyabarobar aadhaltat.