abraham joshua heshel

abraham joshua heshel (11 janewari 1907-23 december 1972) haah eka polish-american rabbi aanee 20 vya shatkatil pramukh jyoo dharamshastradnya aanee jyoo tatvadnyanpaiki eka hota. amerikechya jyoo dharamshastriy shikshan sansthetil jyoo goodhvadache pradhyapak heshel yanni jyoo tattvadnyanavar anek mothya pramanat vachalya vachalya pustakanche lekhan kele aanee teey nagri haqq chalvaliche nete hote.
charitra.
abraham joshua heshelcha janm 1907 madhye warsau yethe moshe mordchai heshel aanee rezel perlo heshel yanchya sahaa mulanpaiki sarvat lahan mhanoon jhaala. too tyachya kutumbachya donhi bajunchya pramukh european rabbi vanshaj hota. tyache aajoba aanee naav rebe abraham yehoshua heshel heey sadhyachya polandmadhil hote. tyachi aaee dekhil abraham yehoshua heshel aanee itar hasidic rajvanshache vanshaj hotee. saara, dwora miriam, esthar sima, gittel aanee jacob hii tyachi bhawande hotee. 1916 madhye abraham nauu varshancha asatana tyanche vadil moshe yanche influenzamule nidhan jhaale. tyala eka gerror hasid shikavat asey, jyane tyala kotzakchya rabbi menachem mendelchya vicharanshi parichit karoon dile.
paramparik yeshiv shikshananantar aanee orthodox rubbinical ordinition (semicha) sathee abhyas kelyanantar, heshelane berlin vidyapithat doctorate aanee naun-denominational hochshul phara dye vicenshaft days judentum yethe rabbiniki ordinitionchi padvi ghetali. tethe tyanni hannoch albeck, ismar albogen, julius guttman, alekzandar guttman aanee lio beeck yasah ullekhaneey vidvananchya margdarshanakhali abhyas keela. berlinmadhil tyacha margdarshak david koigen hota. heshel nantar hoshchul yethe talmud shikavat asey. teey jung vilna yaa yiddi kavita gatamadhye sameel jhaale aanee 1933 madhye tyanni tyanchya vadilanna samarpit 'dair shame hamephoyroshah ments' haah yiddi kavitancha eka khand prakashit keela.
aktoobar aktoobar uttaradhat, jevha heshel frankfurt yetheel eka jyoo kutumbachya gharat bhadyachya kholeet rahat hota, tevha tyala gestapone atak kelee aanee polandmadhye nirvasit kele. tyanni warsauchya institute phaur jyoo studies yethe jyoo tattvadnyan aanee torahvar vyakhyane detana daha mahine ghalavale. polandavaril german aakramanachya sahaa aathvade aadhi, europemadhil jyoo vidvananna visa midvinyasathi kaam karat asalele hebru union collegeche adhyaksh julien morgenstern aanee nantar sinasinatimadhil tyanche sahkari alekzandar guttman yanchya madatine heshel warsaun londonla ravana jhaale, jyanni american vhisachya aavashyakta purn karnyasathi guptapane tyanche samanvay pramanpatra punha lihile.
heshelchi baheen esthar eka german bombsfotat thaar jhaali. tyachya aaichi nazinni hatya kelee aanee gittel aanee devrah yaa itar done bahini nazi chhalchhavyanmadhye maran pavalya. too germany, austriya kinwa polandmadhye kadhihi paratala nahee. tyanni ekada lihile hote, "jarr mea polland kinwa germanyla gelo tarr pratyek dagad, pratyek zaad mallah tiraskar, dvesh, hatya, mulancha khoon, matancha jiwant jaal, gudmarlelya manasachi aathvan karoon deil."
march 1940 madhye heshel newyork shaharat aale. tyanni sinasinatimadhil sudhar judismchya mukhya madarshatil hebru union college (etch. yuu. see.) chya pradhyapkanmadhye paach varshe kaam kele. 1946 madhye, tyanni newyork shaharatil jyoo dharamshastriy seminary auph america (jeey. tii. ess.) madhye, puranmatvadi jyoovadache mukhya seminarymadhye padd sweekarle. 1972 madhye tyanchya mrutyuparyant tyanni jyoo nitishastra aanee goodhvadache pradhyapak mhanoon kaam kele. tyanchya mrutyuchya velee, heshel manhattenmadhil 425 nadikathchya driver jeey. tii. ess. jawal rahat hote.
heshelane 10 december 1946 roji losses angelis yethe eka sangeet maifilitil piyanovadak sylvia stross hichyashi vivah keela. tyanchi mulgi susanna heshel, tichya swatachya adhikarat eka jyoo vidwan bunley.
vichardhara.
madhyayugeen jyoo tattvadnyan, kabbalah aanee hasidic tattvadnyanavaril abhyasasah, heshel yanni jyoo vicharanchya anek pailunche spashtikaran kele. kahee vidvanannusar, tyanna gambhir majkurachya abhyasapeksha adhyatmachi adhik aavad hotee; jeey. tii. ess. madheel anek vidvananmadhye nantarche eka vaishishtya hote. tyala anek varshe padvidhar sahayyak denyat aala nahee aanee tyala pramukhyane shaikshanik shalet kinwa rabbini shalet shikavanyasathi padchyut karnyat aale, shaikshanik padvidhar karyakramat nahee. heshelchi tyacha sahkari mordkai kaplanshi maitri jhaali. jyoodvadaprati tyanchya drushtikonat jaree matbhed asale, taree tyanche khoop sauhardpurn sambandh hote aanee teey veloveli ekmekanchya gharanna bhet dett asat.
heshelcha assa vishvas hota qee ibri sandeshtyanchi shikavan hii americetil samajik krutisathi eka spasht aavahan hotee aanee yaa vishvasane prerit houn, tyane african american nagrik hakkansathi kaam kele aanee vietnam yuddhaviruddha aavaj uthavala.
tyanni jyala teey visheshtah 'panne-hakhvad' mhanatat, kinwa rabbi paramparechya gair-kayadeshir parimanakade durlaksh karnyashi dharmikdrushtya susangat vartanavar vishesh laksh kendrit karnyavar dekhil teeka kelee.
dev aanee manushya yanchyatil paraspar avalambun asalelya sambandhanvar bharr bharr jyoo vicharanchya 'nachmanidian' shalecha eka vidwan jyala mhanato, tyacha alikadil prastavak mhanoon heshel ullekhaneey aahe, joou dev swatantra aanee aparivartaniy asalelya 'mammonidian' shalechya ulat aahe. heshelchya bhashet, "mammonidian" drushtikon rabbi yishmaelshi aanee "nachmanidiyan" drushtikon rabbi akivashi sambandhit aahe; heshelchya matey konatahi drushtikon vegalya paddhatine swikarla jaau naye, parantu tyaeivaji donhi ekmekanshi gumphalele aahet.
heshel yanni kabbalache varnan shastriy rabbi strotanchi vaadh mhanoon kele aahe, jeey jagasathi daivi yojana amalat aananyasathi devane mansavar avalambun rahanyache varnan karate. heey gershon skolemsarkhya vidvananshi virodhabhas aahe, jyanni kabbalala gair-yahoodi vicharancha prabhav pratibimbit karnare manale. scholemchya shalene kabalistik vicharanchya adhibhautiki aanee itihasavar laksh kendrit kele, tarr heshelane manvi dharmik anubhavachya kabalistik varnananvar laksh kendrit kele. alikadchya varshant, kabbalahchya goodh anubhavavar aanee purvichya jyoo strotansah tyachya satatyavar heshelane bharr dilyamule kabbalah shishyavrutticha vadhata samooh banala aahe.
jyoodvadachya baher prabhav.
heshel heey eka vyapakpane vachale jaanare jyoo dharamshastradnya aahet, jyanchya sarvat prabhavshali granthanmadhye 'manushya ekta nahee', 'manushyachya shodhat asalela dev', 'shabbath' aanee 'sandeshte' yancha samavesh aahe. jhaala vatican kaunsilmadhye, american jyoo lokanche pratinidhi mhanoon, heshel yanni catholic charchala tyachya dharmik vidhinmadhil jyaa parichchhedanmule jyoo lokancha upman jhaala, kinwa jyoonchya khristi dharmat apekshit dharmantar honyacha sandarbh deela, tyaa bhaganna kadhoon taknyas kinwa tyat badal karnyas pravrutt kele. tyachya dharamshastriy granthanmadhye assa yuktivad keela gela aahe qee dharmik anubhav haah keval jyoo nasoon moolbhootpane manvi aaveg aahe. konatahi dharmik samuday dharmik satyavar maktedaricha dawa karoo shakat nahee assa tyancha vishvas hota. yaa aanee itar karanansathi, martin luther king junier. heshelala "kharokharach eka mahan sandeshta" mhatale jaate."heshelane nagri haqq chalvalit sakriyapane bhag ghetala aanee dow. king aanee johnn louis.
prakashit kaame.
"mann ij nott onley' (1951).
"manushya ekta naheeh dharmache tatvadnyan" heey lock dewala kase samajoo shakatat yabaddal heshelchi matey sadar karate. judevad devakade manavanpeksha purnapane vegala asalyache pahato, mhanoon heshel, jyudavad jyaa marganni shikavato teey shodhato qee ekhadya vyakticha avarnaniy lokanshi samna houu shakato. yaa granthacha eka varanvar yenara vishay mhanje daivi upasthiti anubhavtana lokanna jaanavanare aamulagra aashchary. tyanantar heshel shanka aanee shraddhechya samasyancha shodh ghenyasathi pudhe jaatat; dev eka aahe heey shikavoon judism mhanje kaay; manavateche saar aanee manvi garajanchi samasya; sarvasadharanpane dharmachi aanee visheshtah judismchi vyakhya; aanee adhyatmachi manvi utkatata. judevad haah jivanacha eka namuna aahe yabaddal too aapali matey mandato.
"daad sabbath" (1951).
"daad sabbath itts arth phaur modern mann" heey jyoo sabbath, shabbatche swaroop aanee utsav yavar aadharit eka karya aahe. jude dharm haah kalacha dharm aahe, avkash nahee aanee shabbath haah kalachya pavitrikaranache prateek aahe, yaa prabandhat tyachi mule aahet. heshelane lihile qee, "tantrik sanskruti mhanje manushyacha antaralavar vijay. haah eka vijay aahe joou astitvachya aavashyak ghatakacha, mhanje velecha tyag karoon varanvar sadhya keela jaato."aanee" antaral jagatat aapali shakti vadhavane haah aapala mukhya uddesh aahe ", assa ishara detana," aapan anekada garibimule sattedvare adhahpatanacha samna keela aahe, aata aaplyala sattedvare sattedvare adhahpatanacha dhoka aahe."
"devachya shodhat manus' (1955).
"devacha manushyachya shodhatah judismche tatvadnyan" haah "manushya ekta nahee" yaa shabdacha eka sahchar khand aahe. yaa pustakat heshel dharmik vicharanche swaroop, vichar vishvas kassa banato aanee vishvas vishvasanaryamadhye pratikriya kashee nirman karato yavar charcha karato. lock devachi upasthiti shodhu shaktil asha marganvar aanee tyaa badalyat aaplyala aaplyala aamulagra aashcharyavar too charcha karato. too nisargpujevar teeka karato; manavatechya aadhyatmik ektepanacha abhyas aanee aapan dewala manavatechya shodhat asalyache manoo shakato yaa tyachya drushtikonacha abhyas. pahila vibhag jyoo lokanna nivadalele lock mhanoon abhyas karoon sampavato. dusra vibhag prakatikaranachi kalpana aanee ekhada sandeshta asanyacha arth kaay aahe, heey sangato. haah vibhag aaplyala prakatikaran hii eka prakriyechya ulat eka ghatana mhanoon tyachi kalpana deto. heey israelchya devaprati asalelya vachanbaddhateshi sambandhit aahe. jyoo lokanni eka dharm mhanoon jyoo dharmache swaroop kase samajoon ghetale pahije yabaddalachya tyanchya matanvar vistarit vibhagat charcha kelee aahe. keval vishvas (kayadyashivay) puresa aahe yaa kalpanevar too charcha karato aanee nakarto, parantu nantar rabbi lokanviruddha savadhgiri balgato, jyoonchya kayadyat anek nirbandh jodat asalyache tyala vatate. dharmik aacharan aanee adhyatm aanee prem yancha paraspar sambandh jodanyachi garaj, mitzwhot kartana kavana (hetu) chey mahatva yavar too charcha karato. jevha lock kayadyache bahya palan karnyasathi prayatna karatat, tarihi aantarik bhaktiche mahatva durlakshit karatat, tevha teey dharmik vartanukichya charchet guntalele asatat.
"daad profets" (1962).
heey kaam germanmadhye tyancha ph. dii. prabandh mhanoon suru jhaale, jyacha tyanni nantar vistar keela aanee ingerjit anuvad keela. moolatah done khandanchya aavruttit prakashit jhalele heey kaam ibri sandeshtyanchya pustakancha abhyas karate. tyat tyanche jeevan aanee tyanchya mohimancha aitihasik sandarbh samavisht aahe, tyanchya karyacha saransh aahe aanee tyanchya mansik sthitivar charcha kelee aahe. tyat heshel tyachya dharamshastratil madhyavarti kalpana pudhe mandatoh qee devabaddalcha bhavishyasuchak (aanee, shevati, jyoo) drushtikon manavvanshashastriy (dev manvi roop dharan karato) mhanoon navhe tarr manavvanshashastriy mhanoon-qee dewala manvi bhavna aahet, heey changlya prakare samajale jaate.
abraham joshua heshelane tyachya 'daad profets' yaa pustakat yahudi profetschya itar samaan aakadyanchya tulanet adviteey pailooche varnan kele aahe. itar rashtranmadhye bhavishyavadi aanee bhavishyavadi aahet jeey tyanchya devanchya ichchecha shodh ghenyacha prayatna karatat, heshelchya matey ibri sandeshte jyala teey theotropism mhanatat tyachya anubhavasah vaishishtyikrut aahet-dev manavatekade valato. heshel, ibri sandeshtyanchya drushtikonasathi, 'daivi karuna' prapt karnare, tyachya rashtravaril devacha krodh aanee dukkhache, jyane tyala sodoon dile aahe, assa yuktivad karato. yaa drushtikonatun, sandeshte devasathi itake bolat naheet qee teey tyanchya shrotyanna aavajahin, garib aanee shoshitansathi devachya aavajachi aathvan karoon detat.
too lihitoh
"torah miin hashmayim" (1962).
anek lock heshelche 'torah miin hashmayeem bispclaria shale hadorot' ('pidhyanchya aarshat swargatoon torah') heey tyache utkrusht karya manatat. yaa granthache teen khand halkha (jyoo kayada) chya ulat shastriy rabbi dharamshastra aanee agada yancha abhyas aahet. yaat torahche swaroop, manavjatila devache prakatikaran, bhavishyavani aanee yaa mukhya jyoo granthancha vistar aanee samajoon ghenyasathi jyoo lokanni shastrokt vyakhya kasha prakare vaparali aahe yabaddal mishnah, talmud aanee midrashmadhil rabbi lokanchi matey shodhali aahet. yaa granthat, heshel jhaala shatkatil hrishee rabbi akiwa aanee ishmel baine elisha yanna jyoo dharamshastratil done pramukh jaagtik drushtikonache pratiman mhanoon pahatat.
tyanchya aayushyat soncino presne done ibri khand prakashit kele aanee tisra ibri khand 1990 chya dashakat jeey. tii. ess. presne maranottar prakashit keela. dow. yanni shodhalelya aanee sampadit kelelya hastalikhitanmule, vistarit vistarit khandasah eka naveen aavrutti. drore bondi, magid presne 2021 madhye prakashit kele hote. notes, nibandh aanee parishishtansah tinhi khandanche ingraji bhashantar, rabbi gorden tucker yanni anuvadit aanee sampadit kele hote, jyache shirshak hote "swargiy torah pidhyandvare apavartit". swatachya adhikarat too sakhol abhyas aanee vishleshanacha vishay asoo shakato aanee jyoodvadachya jagachya palikade aanee serve ekeshvarvadasathi dev aanee manushya yanchyatil sambandhanchi antardrushti pradan karato.
"kona aahe haah manus?"(1965).
heshel heey manushyache swaroop aanee bhoomika yavar charcha karatat. yaa teen vyakhyananmadhye, moolatah meey 1963 madhye stanford vidyapithatil raymond fred west memorial vyakhyananpramane kahee vegalya swarupat, dow. heshel manav asanyachya tarkshastrachi chaukashi karatoh manushya asanyacha arth kaay aahe? manus manus asalyachya davyache samarthan karnyasathi konati karane aahet? lekhakachya shabdat, "aapan kadhihi itake khulepanane aanee jidnyasu kadhich navhato, manasbaddalchya aaplya adnyanamule itake aashcharyachakit aanee lajjit kadhich navhato. too kaay karato heey aaplyala maheet aahe, parantu too kaay aahe kinwa tyachyakadun kaay apeksha thevavi heey aaplyala maheet nahee. aapali sampoorn sanskruti manushyachya chukichya arthavar bandhali gelee aahe heey kalpana karnyayogya nahee qaa? kinwa manushyachi shokantika hii, too eka assa prani aahe, joou haah prashna visarla aaheh manushya kona aahe? swatahla olakhanyat, assal manvi astitva kaay aahe heey jaanun ghenyat apayash, tyala khotee olakh gruheet dharnyas, too jeey houu shakat nahee asey bhasvayala kinwa tyachya astitvachya mulatach jeey aahe teey swikaranyas pravrutt karate. mansanvishayiche adnyan mhanje dnyanacha abhav navhe, tarr khote dnyan."
"bhavishyavadi prerana nantar sandeshte" (1966).
isavi sunn 70 madhye jerusalemmadhil pavitra mandirachya vidhvansanantar jude dharmat bhavishyavanichya astitvavar heshelane moolatah hibru bhashet lekhanchi malika lihili. yaa nibandhanche ingerjit bhashantar karnyat aale aanee american judayka prakashak keey. tii. aii. vhee. yanni 'profets nantar bhavishyasuchak prernah mammonides aanee itar' mhanoon prakashit kele.
yaa pustakacha prakashak mhanato, "pramanit jyoo drushtikon assa aahe qee bhavishyavanicha ant pracheen sandeshtyansah jhaala, jhaala mandir yugachya suruvatila. heshelane dakhavun dile qee heey mutt purnapane achook nahee. satat bhavishyasuchak prernechya shakyatevar vishvas aanee tyachya vastavik ghatanevar vishvas madhyayugeen kalat barachsa astitvat hota aanee too aadhunik kalatahi astitvat aahe. madhyayugatil bhavishyasuchak prernevar heshelche karya moolatah done lamb ibri lekhanmadhye prakashit jhaale. tyamadhye, tyanni yaa kalpanevar laksh kendrit kele qee bhavishyavanichi prerana hii talmudic nantarchya kalatahi shakya hotee aanee, kharokhar, tee geonympasoon mymonidesparyant aanee tyapalikade vividh kalat vividh shalanmadhye jhaali hotee."
puraskar aanee smaranotsav.
1970: israyalsathi jyoo vichar shrenitil rashtriy jyoo pustak puraskarah shashvatatecha pratidhvani
paach shalanna heshelche naav denyat aale aahe, argentinamadhil buenos aayarsmadhe, seminario rabinico latinomericanochi rabbi school, newyork shaharachi varchi paschim bajoo, northries, california, egaura hills, california aanee toronto, auntario, canada. 2009 madhye misaurimadhil eka mahamargala 'dow. abraham joshua heshel mahamarg "springfieldnanter, misauri kshetrachya nava-nazi gatane" adapt-aii-hayave "yojanecha bhag mhanoon mahamargacha patta swachchh keela. heshelchi mulgi susannah hiney yaa sandarbhat tichya vadilanche naav swikaranyas aakshep ghetala aahe.
heshelche shodhanibandh duke vidyapithatil rubenstein durmil pustak aanee hastalikhit granthalayat thevanyat aale aahet.
17 aktoobar 2022 roji, johnn paul II catholic university auph lublinne abraham jeey. chey udghatan kele. catholic-jyoo sambandhansathiche heshel kendra, jyat rabbi abraham scoreca, susanna heshel, jerusalemche archbishop pierbatista pizabala aanee lublinche archbishop stanislav budzic yanchyasah catholic aanee jyoo vyaktimatve upasthit hotee. pope francis yanni heshel kendrachya sthapaneche swagat kele aahe.

