shantata rakhane

shantata rakhanyat shashvat shantatechya bajoone paristhiti nirman karnyachya uddeshane kriyakalapancha samavesh hoto. sanshodhanat samanyatah asey aadhalun aale aahe qee shantata rakhanyamule nagri aanee yuddhbhumivaril mrutyu qamee hotat, tasech navyane yuddhacha dhoka qamee hoto.
sanyukt rashtranchya (yuu. aine.) rashtra-rajya sarkare aanee sanghatananchya gatamadhye, ashee eka samanya samaj aahe qee aantarrashtriy staravar, shantata rakshak sangharshanantarchya bhagat shantata prakriyanvar laksh thevatat aanee tyanche nirikshan karatat aanee majee ladhvayyanna tyanni haatee ghetalelya shantata kararachya vachanbaddhatanchi amalbajavani karnyat madat karoo shakatat. ashee madat anek swarupat yeu shakate, jyat vishvas vadhavanyache upay, sattechi vibhagani vyavastha, nivadanuk samarthan, kayadyache rajya balkat karane aanee aarthik aanee samajik vikas yancha samavesh aahe. tyanusar, yu. aine. chya shantirakshakanmadhye (tyanchya halakya nilya rangachya pattyanmule kinwa shirastrananmule anekada nilya rangache pattya kinwa nilya rangache shirastran mhanoon sambodhale jaate) sainik, police adhikari aanee nagri norwegian samavesh asoo shakato.
shantata mohimanchi amalbajavani karnari sanyukt rashtra hii ekmev sanstha nahee. bigger-unn shantata rakhanyachya dalanmadhye kosovomadhil nato mission (sanyukt rashtranchya adhikarasah) aanee sinai dweepkalpavaril bahurashtriy dall aanee nirikshak kinwa european unionne (euphore aar. see. aii. sarkhe, anadhikrut adhikarasah) aanee african unionne (sudanmadhil african union missionsarkhe) aayojit kelele dall yancha samavesh hoto.
aantarrashtriy kayadyanusar, done kinwa adhik aakramak pakshanmadhil sangharshat (shantirakshak kartvyambaheril tatasth karmchari aanee malmatteitakich) shantirakshak tyanchya tatasth bhoomikemule gair-ladhvayye asatat aanee tyanna nehmich hallyanpasoon sanrakshn dile pahije.
shantata rakhanyachya karvaya aanee prakaranchya vyakhya.
sanyukt rashtranchya shantata mohima.
adhyay VII aanee adhyay VII missionche prakar.
shantata rakhanyat vividh prakarchya mohimancha samavesh aahe. fortanachya pustakatil panavar, "shantata rakhane karya karate qaa?", udaharanarth, tee chaar vegvegalya prakarchya shantata mohimanmadhye farak karate. mahattvache mhanje, yaa prakarchya mohima aanee tyaa kasha chalavalya jaatat, tyavar jyaa aadeshat tyaa adhikrut aahet tyacha motha prabhav padato. fortanachya chaar prakaranpaiki teen sammati-aadharit mohima aahet, mhanje.eae., tathakathit 'adhyay VII' mohima, jyat chautha 'adhyay VIII' mission aahe. 
adhyay 6 mohima sammati-aadharit asatat; mhanoon tyanna karya karnyasathi tyat sameel asalelya aakramak gatanchi sammati aavashyak asate. jarr tyanni tee sammati gamavali tarr shantirakshakanna maghar ghenyas bhag padale jaeel. yaulat, adhyay VII mohimanna sanmatichi aavashyakta nasate, jaree tyanchyakade tee asoo shakate. konatyahi kshani sammati gamavalyas, adhyay VII mohima mage ghenyachi aavashyakta nahee.
shityuddhachya darmyan aanee nantarchya mohimanmadhye.
shityuddhachya kalat, shantata rakhane heey pramukhyane parasparsanvadi swarupache hote-tyamule tyala paramparik shantata rakhane asey sambodhale jaat hote. yuddharat gatanmadhye bachav mhanoon kaam karnyasathi aanee prasthapit shantata kararachya atinche palan sunishchit karnyasathi aantarrajyiy sangharshanantar yuen shantata rakshak tainat karnyat aale hote. mohima sammati-aadharit hotya aanee barechada nirikshak nihshastra hote-madhyapurvetil aanee bharat aanee pakistanmadhil ansipchya babatit asech hote. itar sashastr hote-jase qee suez sankatachya kalat sthapan kelele yunef-eae. yaa bhoomiket teey mothya pramanat yashasvi jhaale.
shityuddhanantarchya yugat, sanyukt rashtranni shantata rakhanyasathi adhik sookshm, bahuayami drushtikon swikarla aahe. 1992 madhye, shityuddhanantar, tatkalin sarchitanis butros butros-ghalee yanni sanyukt rashtransathi aanee mothya pramanavar shantata rakhanyasathichya tyanchya mahatvakankshi sankalpananche tapshilvar tapasheel denara eka ahwal tayar keela. shantatesathicha ajenda' yaa shirshakachya ahavalat, shityuddhanantarchya aantarrashtriy rajkaranat yuenchya bhoomikecha prabhavi vapar karnyasathi bahuayami aanee paraspar jodalelya upayayojananche varnan kele aahe, ashee tyanna aasha hotee. yamadhye pratibandhatmak mutsaddegiri, shantata amalbajavani, shantata nirman, shantata rakhane aanee sangharshanantarchya punarrachanecha vapar samavisht hota.
yu. aine. missionchi vyapak uddishte.
daad unn reecord aun peace keeping operations' madhye, michael doel aanee nicolaus sambani yanni boutrose boutrochya ahavalacha saransh, pratibandhatmak mutsaddegiri, tathya shodh mohima, nirikshak aadesh aanee hinsacharachi shakyata qamee karnyasathi kinwa hinsacharacha dhoka qamee karnyasathi aanee asha prakare shashvat shantatechi shakyata vadhavanyasathi pratibandhatmak upay mhanoon anivarya sainyachi sambhavya tainati yasarkhya vishvas vishvas upayayojanancha saransh deela aahe. tyanchya vyakhya pudhilpramane aaheth
shantata rakhane mhanje sanskrutik malmatteche sanrakshn karnyachya drushtine engiosobat ekatra kaam karane. sanskrutik varshachya sanrakshanasathi sanyukt rashtrasanghachi shantata rakhanyachi bandhilaki 2012 salapasoon aahe aanee ticha vistar keela jaat aahe. lebnonmadhil unescochya jaagtik varshache rakshan karnyasathi 2019 madhye blue shiild internationals sanyukt rashtranchya shantata mohimechi sanyuktapane tainati karane heey eka utkrusht dhyey hote. mulat, sanskrutik malmatteche sanrakshn (sthanik lokanchya sahkaryane lashkari aanee nagri tadnyandvare kele jaanare) anek sangharshagrast bhagat shahar, pradesh kinwa deshachya bhavishyatil shantatapurn aanee aarthik vikasasathi sthir aadhar tayar karate. april 2019 madhye lebnon yetheel sanyukt rashtranchya shantata rakhani aanee unesco mohimedarmyan blue shiild aantarrashtriy carl wonn habsbergche adhyaksh yanni spasht kelyapramane, sanskrutik vaparkartyacha vyatyay aanee uddan karnyache kaaran yaat dekhil eka sambandh aaheh "sanskrutik malmatta haah eka vishisht thikani thikani lokanchya olakhicha bhag aahe. jarr tumhi tyanchi sanskruti nasht kelee tarr tumhi tyanchi olakhahi nasht karata. anek lock ukhadale jaatat, anekada aata konatihi shakyata nasate aanee nantar tyanchya matrubhoomitun paloon jaatat.
bigger-sanyukt rashtra shantata rakhane.
 
serve aantarrashtriy shantata rakshak dalanvar sanyukt rashtranche thet niyantran navhate. 1981 madhye, israyal aanee egypt yanchyatil kararane bahurashtriy dall aanee nirikshakanchi sthapana kelee jee sinai dweepkalpavar dekhrekh thevat aahe.
african union (aii. yuu.) african shantata aanee suraksha rachana tayar karnyavar kaam karat aahe jee khandat shantata aanee surakshitata lagoo karnyachya aadeshachi purtata karate. narsamhar kinwa itar gambhir manavadhikar ullanghanachya prakarananmadhye, joparyant aii. yuu. mahasabhene tyala manyata dilee aahe, toparyant sambandhit deshachya sarkarchya ichchheviruddhahi aii. yuu. mission suru kele jaau shakate. african shantata aanee suraksha sanrachanechi (aii. pii. ess. aii.) sthapana, jyat african sajj dall (aii. ess. eff.) samavisht aahe, 2015 salasathi lavkarat lavkar niyojit aahe. pradeshik staravar, paschim african rajyanchya aarthik samudayane tyachya kahee sadasya deshanmadhye anek shantata mohima suru kelya aahet aanee tyache varnan "aafrikechi sarvat pragat pradeshik shantata aanee suraksha yantrana" asey kele gele aahe.
nihshastra nagri shantata rakhane (yuu. see. pii.) heey nagri karmchari aahet jeey sangharshagrast bhagatil nagarikanche hinsacharapasun sanrakshn karnyasathi aanee shashvat shantata prasthapit karnyachya atirikt prayatnanna pathimba denyabarobarach ahinsak, hastakshep naan karnare aanee nihpakshapati davpech chalavatat. yuu. see. pii. haah shabd yaa kshetratil bigger-sarkari sansthanmadhye (aine. jee. oo.) purnapane sarvatra naheeh anek lock samaan tantre vapartat aanee shantatesathi samayik parinamanchi ichcha balgatat; jase qee saath, upasthiti, afava niyantran, samudayik suraksha baithka, surakshit marg surakshit karane aanee dekhrekh.
sankshipt itihas.
nirmiti aanee suruvatichi varshe.
sanyukt rashtranchya shantata rakhane 1948 madhye suru jhaale jevha sanyukt rashtranchya suraksha parishadene madhyapurvet nihshastra lashkari nirikshakanchya tainatila adhikrut kele jenekarun arab-israyali yuddhachya parshvabhumivar israyal aanee tyache arab shejari yanchyat jhalelya shastrasandhi kararavar dekhrekh thewali jaau shakel. yaa mohimela sanyukt rashtranchya yuddhaviram dekhrekh sanstha (yu. ess. oo.) asey mhatale jaat hote aanee tee aajahi karyarat aahe. august 1949 madhye suraksha parishadene tharav 73 (1949) manjur kelyanantar, israyal rajya aanee yuddhat sahbhagi jhalelya arab rajyanmadhil chaar yuddhaviram karar purn karnyache kaam tyanna denyat aale. asha prakare, israel, egypt, jorden, lebnon aanee syrian arab prajasattak yaa pradeshatil paach rajyanmadhye unsochya karvaya pasarlya.
shityuddhatil shantata rakhane.
august 1947 madhye bharat aanee pakistanmadhil swatantryachya parshvabhumivar aanee tyanantar suraksha parishadene janewari 1948 madhye bharat aanee pakistansathi sanyukt rashtra aayog (yu. ess. pii.) tayar karnyasathi tharav 39 (1948) manjur keela, jyacha uddesh bharat aanee pakistanmadhil kashmirvaril vaad aanee tyachyashi sambandhit ladhait madhyasthi karane haah hota. hii karvai hastakshep naan karanyachi swarupachi hotee aanee jammoo aanee kashmir rajyat pakistan aanee bharatane swakshari kelelya shastrasandhichya dekharekhiche kaam dekhil tyanchyavar sopavanyat aale hote. julai 1949 madhye karachi karar sammat jhalyanantar, unicip yuddhabandi reshevar dekhrekh thewel, jyachi paraspar dekhrekh nihshastra lashkari nirikshak aanee donhi bajunche sthanik commander yaa vadat kartil. bharat aanee pakistanmadhil sanyukt rashtranchya lashkari nirikshak gatachya (unmogip) karyakari shirshakakhali, yaa pradeshatil yunisipache abhiyan aajahi suru aahe.
tevhapasoon, 69 shantata mohima adhikrut karnyat aalya aahet aanee jagbharatil vividh deshanmadhye tainat karnyat aalya aahet. yapaiki bahutansh mohima shityuddhanantarchya jagaat suru jhalya aahet. 1988 teey 1998 darmyan panchechalis yu. aine. operations sthapan karnyat aalya aanee tainat karnyat aalya. 1948 teey 1978 yaa kalavadhichya tulanet heey lakshaniy vaadh darshavate; jyamadhye 1978 teey 1988 yaa kalavadhit keval tera sanyukt rashtranchya shantata mohimanchi nirmiti aanee tainati jhaali aanee shoonya jhaali.
1956 madheel suez sankatachya parshvabhumivar sashastr hastakshep pahilyanda yuenchya sahbhagachya swarupat aala. november 1956 teey juuna 1967 paryant astitvat asalele sanyukt rashtranche aapatkalin dall (unef-1) heey moolatah sanyukt rashtranche pahile shantata rakshak dall hote. egyptchya pradeshatoon french, israyali aanee british sainyachya magharvar dekhrekh karnyabarobarach egypt, united kingdam, france aanee israyal yanchyatil shatrutva thambavanyacha aadesh denyat aala hota. hii maghar purn jhalyanantar, yunef yuddhaviramachya paristhitivar dekhrekh thevanyasathi aanee shashvat shantatet yogdan denyasathi egypt aanee israyali sainyat eka bachav dall mhanoon kaam karel.
tyanantar lagechach, 1960 madhye kongo (onyuk) madheel sanyukt rashtranchya mohimela tainat karnyat aale. yaa mohimet 20,000 hoon adhik lashkari karmchari hote, aanee parinami tatkalin sarchitanis daag hammersholds 250 yuu. aine. karmchari maran pavale. belgiumchya nagarikanche aanee aarthik hitsambandhanche rakshan karnyasathi, public forcene (eff. pii.) kelelya bandachya parshvabhumivar kangochya swatantryanantar swatahla punha dakhal kelelya belgian sainyachi kangomadhun maghar sunishchit karnyasathi onkcha uddesh hota. onkala kayada aanee suvyavastha prasthapit karane aanee rakhane (eff. pii. bund aanee vanshik hinsachar sampavanyas madat karane) tasech kango suraksha dalanna tantrik sahayya aanee prashikshan denyache kaam dekhil denyat aale hote. onukhchya mohimet eka atirikt karya jodanyat aale, jyamadhye dalala kongochi pradeshik akhandata aanee rajkiy swatantrya rakhanyache kaam denyat aale-katanga aanee dakshin kasai yaa khanij samruddha prantanchya aliptatemule. tethil yu. aine. sainya, kahee pramanat vadgrast, qamee-adhik pramanat tyaa velee kangoleej sarkarchi eka shakha banale aanee donhi prantanche vegalepana baljabarine sampavanyas madat kelee.
1960 aanee 1970 chya dashakat sanyukt rashtranni jagbharat anek alpakalin mohima tayar kelya, jyat dominican prajasattakatil sarchitanisanchya pratinidhiche mission (domrep), paschim nyu ginitil sanyukt rashtra suraksha dall (yu. ess. eff.), sanyukt rashtra suraksha abhiyan (yu. aine. yamen.), sayprasmadhil sanyukt rashtra shantata rakshak dall (unficip), gair aapatkalin dall (yu. aine. eff. II), gair-vighatan nirikshak dall (undoff) aanee lebnonmadhil (unifil) sanyukt antarim dall yasarkhya adhik dirghakalin mohimancha samavesh aahe.
1991 pasoon.
yugoslav yuddhandarmyan shantata rakhanyachya anubhavanmule, visheshtah srebrenica hatyakandasarkhya apayshanmule, kahee pramanat, sanyukt rashtranchya shantata nirman aayogakade nele, joou shantirakshak jyaa nagri karyanvar kaam karatat, tyach nagri karyandvare sthir shantata lagoo karnyasathi kaam karato, jase qee nivadanuka. aayog sadhya sahaa deshansobat kaam karato, serve aafriket aahet. 2013 madhye yuu.aine. suraksha parishadene ekmatane tharav 2122 manjur keela, jyamadhye itar goshtimbarobarach sangharsh aanee sangharshanantarchya prakriyanmadhye mahilanchya sahbhagasandarbhat shantata charcha, shantata mohimanmadhye laingik kaushalya, mahilanvaril sashastr sangharshachya parinamambaddal sudharit mahitee aanee yaa kshetrantil pragatibaddal parishadela adhik thet mahitee dene yasarkhya majboot upayayojananchi magani kelee aahe. 2013 madhye dekhil, mahilanvaril bhedbhav nirmulanavaril samiteene (sedo), eka yuu. aine. mahila haqq samiteene, eka samanya shifarshimadhye mhatale aahe qee, jyanni yuu. aine. mahila haqq adhiveshanala manyata dilee aahe, teey sangharshachya aadhi, darmyan aanee nantar mahilanche haqq kayam thevanyas bandhil aahet, jevha teey thet ladhait sahbhagi asatat aanee/kinwa sangharsh pratibandh, manavtavadi madat kinwa sangharshanantarchya punarrachanesathi shantata sainik kinwa daata sahayya puravat asatat.
sashastr gut aanee khajgi suraksha kantratdar yasarkhya bigger-rajya ghatkansathi mahilanvaril gunhyansathi jababdar tharvanyasathi manyata tond rajyanni yogya tee kalji ghetali pahije, asehi samiteene mhatale aahe.
shantata rakshak kuthe jaatat yabaddal pages fortanachya nishkarshanpaiki eka mhanje puravatha bajoone "shantata rakhane hii puravatha aanee maganichi baab aahe", tiche nirikshan aahe qee suraksha parishadechya eka sadasyachya jawalchya deshanvar gruhyuddhanmadhye shantata rakhanyache abhiyan asanyachi shakyata nahee. maganichya bajoone, shantata rakhanyasathi mohima jyaa deshanna tyachi sarvat jaast garaj aahe tethe tainat kelya jaatat yache vividh purave aahet, yethech varanvar vatavaranat yuddhacha dhoka jaast aahe.
shantata rakshak dalanchi rachana.
shantata mohimanmadhye sahbhagi honare desh.
sanyukt rashtranchya sanademadhye asey namood kele aahe qee jagbharat shantata aanee suraksha rakhanyat madat karnyasathi, sanyukt rashtranchya serve sadasya deshanni suraksha parishadela aavashyak sashastr dall aanee suvidha upalabdh karoon dilya pahijet. 1948 pasoon sumare 130 deshanni shantata mohimanmadhye lashkari aanee nagri polis polis yogdan dile aahe. 1948 pasoon shantata mohimanmadhye kaam kelelya serve mukhyalayatil tapshilvar nondi upalabdh nasalya taree, assa andaj aahe qee yuu. aine. chya 71 mohimanmadhye daha laakh sainik, police adhikari aanee nagarikanni yu. aine. chya dhwajakhali kaam kele aahe. september 2021 paryant 122 desh ekoon 76,000 lashkari nirikshak, police aanee sainikanche yogdan dett hote.
yogdankartyanchi sankhya mothee asoonahi, sarvat motha boja vikasansheel deshanchya mukhya gatane ajunahi uchalala aahe. aktoobar 2021 paryant sanyukt rashtranchya shantata mohimanmadhye (police aanee lashkari tadnyansah) yogdan denare daha sarvat mothe sainya desh mhanje bangladesh (6447), nepal (5536), bharat (5481), ravanda (5263), ethiopia (4856), pakistan (3949), egypt (2818), indoneshiya (2818), ghaana (2296) aanee chean (2248). aktoobar 2021 paryant 14,000 hoon adhik nagri karmchari kayadeshir kinwa vaidyakeey tadnya, shikshak, dalanvalan tantradnyan vyavsayik kinwa prashasak mhanoon shantata rakhanyachya karyat kaam karatat.
30 september 2021 paryant, 100 hoon adhik deshantil 4147 lock shantata mohimanmadhye seva detana marle gele aahet. bharatat sarvadhik 174 shantata rakshak marle gele aahet, tyanantar bangladesh (159), pakistan (159), nigeria (157), ghaana (145), ethiopia (138), canada (123), france (115) aanee united kingdam (106) yancha kramank lagato. 1948 pasoon, darvarshi sarasari 56 shantata rakshak marle gele aahet, parantu alikadchya dashakanmadhye hii sankhya jawaljawal duppat jhaali aahe, 1993 teey 1995 yaa kalat sanyukt rashtranchya shantata rakhanyachya pahilya 55 varshant jhalelya mrutyunpaiki 2001. 30% pasoon darvarshi 110 mrutyu jhaale aahet.
shantata rakhanyat uttar-dakshin bhagat eka bhakkam phoot aahe, kaaran jaagtik dakshinekadil vikasansheel desh shantata shantatanchey prachand bahumat puravatat. thomas jee. vees aanee geovanna kuel yancha assa yuktivad aahe qee heey teen ghatakanmule aaheh pradeshik hitsambandh, pratishtha aanee aarthik laabh. african desh heey shantata shantatanchey sarvat mothe yogdan denare desh aahet, parantu yaa khandat shantata rakhanyasathichya mohimanchi sankhyahi sarvadhik aahe aanee bahutek african shantata rakhanare african mohimanmadhye kaam karatat. udaharanarth, jawalpas serve 4800 ethiopian shantirakshak tyachya shejaril desh sudan aanee dakshin sudanmadhye tainat aahet. shantata mohimanmadhye yogdan dene heey vikasansheel deshanna kahee aantarrashtriy pratishtha dekhil pradan karate aanee brazil aanee bharatachya babatit deshanchya mahan shaktichya davyanna balkati deu shakate. shevati, shantata rakshak puravalyane garib deshanna aarthik laabh miloo shakatat. prati shantirakshak bharpaichya masik daramadhye vetan aanee bhattyansathi $1,028; tadnyansathi $303 purak vetan; vaiyaktik kapade, upkarane aanee upkaranansathi $68; aanee vaiyaktik shastrastransathi $5 yancha samavesh hoto. sanyukt rashtranchya shantata mohimandware pradan kelele thet paise aanee prashikshan aanee upkarane donhi vaiyaktik sainik aanee vikasansheel rashtransathi aarthikdrushtya aakarshak asoo shakatat. sanyukt rashtranchya shantata mohimanmadhye tainat asalele sumare 4.5 takke sainik aanee nagri police european yuniyanmadhun yetat aanee eka takkyanhun qamee american aahet.
missionchya netrutvachya sandarbhat, force commander bahutekda mothya tukadyanmadhun yetat, tarr sarchitanisanche vishesh pratinidhi bahutek vela vikasit deshanmadhun yetat.
shantata rakhanyat mahilancha sahbhag.
suraksha parishadecha tharav 1325 heey sanyukt rashtranni "sangharsh, shantata vataghati, shantata bandhani, shantata rakhane, manavtavadi pratisad aanee sangharshanantarchya punarrachanemadhye mahilancha sakriy aanee samaan ghatak mhanoon samavesh karnyasathi uchalalele pahile mothe paul hote aanee shantata aanee surakshitata rakhanyasathi aanee protsahan denyasathichya serve prayatnanmadhye tyancha samaan sahbhag aanee purn sahbhagachya mahattvavar bharr dete". yaa tharavavar teeka ashee aahe qee, aay. aine. see. aar. 1325 madhye laingik mukhya pravahat aananyacha prastav aahe, matra yaa kshetrat jee pragati jhaali aahe, tyat purush aanee mahila doghanvarhi niyojit krutichya parinamanche moolyankan karnyaivaji mahilanvar laksh kendrit kele aahe. 2010 madhye, yaa tharavachya yashache moolyankan karnyasathi eka vyapak 10 varshancha prabhav abhyas aayojit karnyat aala aanee tyat asey aadhalun aale qee amalbajavanimadhye, visheshtah shantata vataghati aanee shantata kararanmadhye mahilancha vadhata sahbhag aanee laingik aanee ling aadharit hinsachar qamee karnyache prayatna karoonahi, too prachalit rahila aahe, tyat maryadit yash midale.
2013 madhye yuu.aine. suraksha parishadene ekmatane tharav 2122 manjur keela, jyamadhye itar goshtimbarobarach sangharsh aanee sangharshanantarchya prakriyanmadhye mahilanchya sahbhagasandarbhat shantata charcha, shantata mohimanmadhye laingik kaushalya, mahilanvaril sashastr sangharshachya parinamambaddal sudharit mahitee aanee yaa kshetrantil pragatibaddal parishadela adhik thet mahitee dene yasarkhya majboot upayayojananchi magani kelee aahe. 2013 madhyehi, mahilanvaril bhedbhav nirmulanavaril samiteene (sedo), eka sanyukt rashtra mahila haqq samiteene, eka samanya shifarshimadhye mhatale aahe qee, jyaa rajyanni sanyukt rashtra mahila haqq adhiveshanala manyata dilee aahe, teey sangharshachya aadhi, darmyan aanee nantar mahilanche haqq kayam thevanyas bandhil aahet, jevha teey thet ladhait sameel asatat aanee/kinwa sangharsh pratibandh, manavtavadi madat kinwa sangharshanantarchya punarbandhanisathi shantata rakshak sainya kinwa daata sahayya puravat asatat, samiteene asehi mhatale aahe qee, manyata tond rajyanni, sashastr gut aanee khajgi suraksha kantratdaransarkhya bigger-rajya ghatakanchi mahilanvaril gunhyansathi jababdari ghetali jaavi yasathi yogya tee kalji ghetali pahije.
julai 2016 paryant, mahila pratyek sanyukt rashtranchya shantata mohimet ektar sainya, police kinwa nagri karmchari mhanoon kaam karatat. 1993 saalee tainat kelelya ganveshdhari sadasyanchya mahilancha vaataa 1 takke hota. 2020 madhye, andaje 95,000 shantata rakshakanpaiki, 4.8% lashkari karmchari, 10.9% police karmchari aanee 34% nyay aanee sudharana karmchari sanyukt rashtranchya shantata mohimanmadhye hote. september 2021 paryant, 100 peksha jaast yuen shantata rakshakanche yogdan denare konatehi rajya 25 takkyanpeksha jaast mahilanna namankit karat nahee; ekoon sankhyenusar, sarvat mothya mahila tukadya ethiopia (578 mahila shantata rakshak, kinwa ekoon sainyachya 12 takke), ravanda (500/10%) aanee ghaana (389/17%) dware puravilya jaatat. lashkari sadasyanchya mahilanchya pramanasathi konatehi nishchit lakshya nasale taree, yuen yogdan tond rajyanna police adhikari padansathi kiman 20 takke aanee nyay aanee durusti durusti 30 takke mahilanchi niyukti karanyachi vinanti karat aahe.
shantata rakhanyasathi saiddhantik aadhar.
shantata rakhane aanee shantirakshak kaay karatat yabaddal barech kahee lihile gele asale taree, sangharshanantarchya vatavaranat shantata rakshakancha kassa parinam houu shakato heey olakhanyasathi farach qamee anubhavjanya sanshodhan jhaale aahe. kolambiya vidyapithache pradhyapak virginia pages fortnane chaar karanatmak yantrananche vargikaran karnyacha prayatna keela jyadvare shantata shantata shashvat shantatechi payabharani karanyachi sandhee milate. fortanachya chaar yantrana khalilpramane aaheth
jithe shantata prasthapit karane sarvat katheen aahe asha thikani anekada pathvile jaat asale taree, shantirakshakancha shantata prakriyevar sakaratmak parinam hoto, assa yuktivad fortna karatat. virodhi anekada shantata rakhanyakade aprabhavi kinwa anavashyak mhanoon pahatat. jevha yuddhakhoranna shantata tikavoon thevanyat aadhich nihit swarth asato aanee mhanunach assa yuktivad keela jaau shakato qee shantata rakhanare kayamswarupi shantatecha bhakkam paya tayar karnyat keval kirkol bhoomika bajavtat tevha shantata prasthapit hote. tarihi hii karanatmak karane shantata tikoon rahnyasathi shantata rakhanare konati mahattvachi bhoomika bajavtat heey spasht karatat, visheshtah jevha yuddhakhoranna tyanchya swatachya sadhananvar sodanyat sodanyat paristhitishi tulana kelee jaate. asha prakare hii karanatmak karane shantata rakhanyachi garaj spasht karatat aanee sangharshanantarchya vatavaranavar shantata rakhanyachya karyacha kassa thos parinam houu shakato yacha paya rachatat.
yuddhasathiche protsahan badalanyasathi aanee shantata adhik aakarshak banavanyasathi yuen amalbajavanichya aadeshadvare lashkari dall pradan karoo shakate jeey sambhavya kharab kharab pratibandh pradan karate. teey paristhitivar laksh thevu shakatat jyamule ekhadya ladhvayyakadun achanak hallah honyachi shakyata qamee hote kinwa assa hallah karane adhik katheen hote. halakya shastranni susajj nirikshak moheem hii purv-chetavani dall kinwa uparokt amalbajavani mohimesathi "tripwire" mhanoon dekhil kaam karoo shakate. aantarrashtriy samudayane ladhvayyanna dileli madat aanee manyata hii vataghatichya prakriyet namood kelelya uddishtanchya anupalanavar aadharit sashart kelee pahije. aanee shevati, nokri, sarvajanik kaame aanee itar labhanchya swarupat shantata labhanshachi tartud kelee pahije.
anishchitata qamee karnyasathi aanee bheeti qamee karnyasathi sanyukt rashtranche shantata rakshak dall vareel anupalanavar laksh thevu shakate, suraksha duvidha qamee karnyasathi ladhvayyanmadhil sanvad sulabh karoo shakate, asha prakare ladhvayyanna aashvasan dete qee dusari bajoo maghar ghenar nahee aanee ladhvayyanna tyanchya shantatesathichya vaidh hetunche sanket jhaleli) bajus deu shakate. mhanjech, donhi bajunmadhil sanvadasathi tyanche hetu dnyat aanee vishvasarh karnyasathi eka arthpurn marg pradan qaraa.
shantata prakriyela adthala aanoo kheloo sambhavya apghatanna pratibandh aanee niyantran heey dusht gatanna rokhoon shantata rakshak daladware sadhya kele jaau shakate. yuddharat sainya anekada aadesh aanee niyantranachya majboot kendriya strotashivay shistabaddh nasate, mhanoon shantatesathi vataghati hott asatana eka bajula dusht gut shantata prakriya sodoon denyachi aanee kharab karanyachi shakyata asate. heey rokhanyasathi yuen force madat karoo shakatat. yavyatirikt, yuen force madhyasth mhanoon kaam karoo shakate aanee donhi pakshanmadhil sanvad sulabh karoo shakate aanee donhi bajunni rajkiy narampanthi aanoo shakate. kayada aanee suvyavastha aanee shantata rakhanyasathichya sainyachi vyavastha karoon, teey rajyachya suraksha dalanchi tatpurati jaaga gheu shakatat aanee eka bajoone jhalelya kathit ullanghanababat purvgrahyukt atireki pratikriya rokhu shakatat, jyamule hinsachar vadhu shakato aanee tyache nutanikaran houu shakate.
sarkarshi sambandhit sansthanchya sudharanandware rajkiy durupyog rokhane sadhya kele jaau shakate. suraksha dalanna prashikshan aanee dekhrekh (udaa.jee. sainya kinwa police) tyanna sattadhari sarkarsathi dadapshahiche shastra bananyaivaji lokanche nihpakshapati rakshak banvinyat madat karatat. aasha aahe qee heey prashikshan suraksha aasthapanesathi lokancha vishvas nirman karoo shakel. eka nishpaksh prakriya sunishchit karnyasathi yuen sainya nivadanuka dekhil chalvu aanee dekhrekh karoo shakate. itar prakarananmadhye, sankramankalin kalat, jyat sambandhit sarkari sansthanna punha prashikshan dile jaat aahe, sudharana kelya jaat aahet kinwa adhik changlya prakare vikasit kele jaat aahe, tyaa kalat deshache prashasana karnyasathi sanyukt rashtra eka tatasth antarim sarkar pradan karoo shakate. shevati, sashastr bandkhoransarkhya lashkari gatanna tyanchi shastre khalee padnyasathi aanee tyanchya takrari sodavanyasathi aanee nivadanuk chakrat spardha karnyasathi yogya ahinsak margancha vapar karoon rajkiy sanghatananmadhye rupantarit honyasathi protsahit kele jaau shakate. heey visheshtah mahatvache aahe kaaran yapaiki anek gut dilelya sarkarcha mukhya virodhi mhanoon kaam karatat, parantu rajkiy sanghatana mhanoon prabhavipane karya karnyasathi sadhan kinwa mahitee nasatat.
vegvegalya karanatmak yantranecha parinam mhanoon vegvegalya shantata mohima hotat. adhik lashkari pratibandh aanee amalbajavani hii satvya adhyayachya aashrayakhali karyarat asalelya mohimansathi aahe, tarr sahavya adhyayachi mohima adhik seva denyasathi aahe kaaran dekhrekh karnare dall aanee antarveshak mohima sambhavya rajkiy gairavaparala lakshya karnyasathi aanee rokhanyasathi aahet-hii pramukhyane bahuayami mohima aahet aanee sangharshanantarchya rajkiy paristhitit mothya pramanat guntaleli aahet.
shantata rakhanyachya mohimanchi parinamkarakta.
shaikshanik sahityache punaravalokan heey shantatet vaadh hote yache lakshaniy purave darshavtat. fortanachya matey, shantata rakshakanchya upasthitimule navyane yuddhacha dhoka lakshaniyaritya qamee hoto; adhik shantata rakshak sainik yuddhbhumivaril qamee mrutyunmadhye yogdan detat; aanee adhik shantata rakshak sainik qamee nagri mrutyunmadhye yogdan detat yache bhakkam purave aahet. upsala vidyapith aanee oslo yetheel shantata sanshodhan sansthechya rajkiy shastradnyanni kelelya abhyasacha andaj aahe qee duheri shantata mohim aanee majboot aadeshansah mahatvakankshi yuen shantata dhoranamule 'noow-pii. keey. oo. paristhitichya tulanet sashastr sangharshachya jaagtik ghatana done trutiyanshane qamee hotil."fordham vidyapithachya rajkiy shastradnya anjali dayal yanchya matey," vidvananna asey aadhalale aahe qee shantata rakhanyamule yuddhanna seema olandun raktastrav honyapasoon rokhale jaate. jaminivar adhik shantata rakshak asane heey dekhil hinsacharane lakshya kelelya qamee nagarikanshi julate asey disate. aanee heey jaree qamee hott chalalele asale taree, kahee vela shantata mohimanni sthanik sthanik satta parat midvoon, sankramankalin adhikari mhanoon yashasviritya kaam kele aahe."2018 chya abhyasat asey aadhalun aale aahe qee shantata rakhanyamule gruhyuddhachi tivrata swatach qamee hote, parantu jevha tee madhyasthisah jodali jaate, tevha tyacha parinam adhik hoto. shantata rakshak tainat karnyache vachan aantarrashtriy sanghatananna ladhvayyanna vataghatichya tablower aananyas aanee teey yuddhaviramas sahmat honyachi shakyata vadhavanyas madat karoo shakate yache purave dekhil aahet.
shantata rakshak kuthe tainat kele jaatat aanee shantatechya sambhavya shakyata kaay aahet yavar parinam saksham vishisht ghatkanvar niyantran thevun, pages fortinachya sankhyikeey sanshodhanatun asey disun yete qee jevha shantata rakshak tainat kele jaatat tevha shashvat shantatevar sankhyikiyadrushtya mahattvapoorn parinam hoto. shantata shantata shantata prasthapit honyachi shakyata qamee asalelya thikani pathavale jaat asale taree, fortinala asey aadhalale aahe qee puranmatvadi andaj asey suchavatat qee UN shantata shantatanchya upasthitimule navyane hinsacharacha dhoka qamee hoto; 75%-85% chya varr qamee puranmatvadi andajansah. yavyatirikt, tichya vishleshanane assa nishkarsh kadhala aahe qee adhyay 6 sammati-aadharit mohima aanee adhyay 6 amalbajavani mohimanmadhil parinamkaraktet farsa farak nahee. kharey tarr, sanyukt rashtranche shantata rakshak dall balacha vapar kartana tyanchi vishvasarhata siddha karoo shakel aanee tikavoon thevu shakel tarach amalbajavani mohima prabhavi tharatat. yamule shantata shantata sammati kayam kayam sanyukt rashtranchya mohimechya mahattvavar bharr deela jaato. shevati, fortnala asey vatate qee shantata rakhane heey shashvat shantata sunishchit karnyasathi eka prabhavi sadhan aahe; visheshtah jyaa paristhitit ladhvayyanna tyanchya swatachya sadhananvar sodale jaate tyaa paristhitichya tulanet. shantata rakhanyasathi purvi namood kelelya karanatmak yantranecha vapar karoon, sanyukt rashtranchya shantata rakhanyachya dalacha shashvat shantata tikavoon thevanyasathi lakshaniy aanee thos parinam houu shakato. kayamswarupi shantata sunishchit karnyasathi shantata rakhanyachya sakaratmak parinamambabat sapeksh ekmat asalyane, fortna aanee haward asey soochit karatat qee sahitya 1) shantata shantatanchya prakaranchi parinamkarakta, 2) sankramankalin prashasana, 3) shantata rakhane aanee lokshahikaran yanchyatil sambandh aanee 4) 'shantata rakhane' chya drushtikonachya abhyasakade vatchal karat aahe.
doel aanee sambani yanchya vishleshanat asey aadhalun aale aahe qee, tulanene uchch patalivaril vikas asalelya deshanmadhye, sanyukt rashtranchya shantata rakshak dalanchi aanee aarthik sahayya upalabdh aahe qee nahee yachya vyatirikt, gair-vanshik yuddhannantar kayamswarupi shantata prasthapit honyachi shakyata jaast aahe. teey assa nishkarsh kadhatat qee alpavadhit kayamswarupi shantata hii ladhau lokanmadhil shatrutvachya qamee patalisah majboot binaniyojanavar adhik avalambun asate. teey lakshat ghetat qee vadhiv aarthik kshamata shatrutva nutanikaran naan karnyasathi protsahan deu shakate. tathapi, dirghkalat aarthik kshamata adhik mahattvachi asate, tarr ladhvayyanmadhil shatrutva qamee mahattvache asate. tainat karane jitke yashasvi houu shakate titke tyanni hastakshep kelelya deshanmadhye swatantra aarthik vikasala apurya pramanat chalana dilee aahe. asha prakare, yuen eka majboot, parantu apratyaksh bhoomika bajavate aanee shashvat shantatet yash heey nutanikaran yuddhasathi pratibandhak mhanoon kaam karnyaivaji shantatela pathimba tond sansthanchya vikasavar aadharit aahe.
itar vidvattapoorn vishleshananmadhye shantata rakhanyachya mohimansathi 31 takkyanpasoon 85 takkyanparyantchya andajasah yashache vegvegale darr disun yetat.
2020 chya abhyasanusar, bigger-unn shantata mohima, unn shantata mohimaintakach prabhavi aahet. 2020 chya aanakhi eka abhyasat asey aadhalun aale qee shantata rakhanyane nagarikanche yashasviritya sanrakshn kele.
american journal auph political science' madhye 2021 saalee jhalelya abhyasat asey aadhalun aale aahe qee dakshin sudanmadhil yu. aine. shantata rakhanyacha sthanik arthvyavasthevar sakaratmak parinam jhaala.
shashvat shantatevar parinam karnare ghatak.
yuddhakhoranchya sapeksh samarthyabaddalchi lapaleli mahitee; hire aanee itar khanijanchya niryatidvare bekaydeshir vittapurvathyat bandkhor gatacha sahbhag; amali padarth, shastre aanee manvi taskarimadhye sahbhag; eka bajoone lashkari vijay midavala gela qee nahee; yuddhacha kalavadhi tasech too kitee mahag hota; donhi bajunni anubhavalelya vachanbaddhatechya samasya aanee suraksha duvidha; yuddhaviram asso kinwa yuddhaviramachya yuddhaviramachya sangharshanantar lagechach yuddhakhoranni kelelya hetunmadhye aanee krutinmadhye pardarshaktecha abhav; atireki vidravak; sangharshat sahbhagi jyanna tyachya satatyamule fayda houu shakato; avibhajyata aanee barech kahee.
eka bajoone lashkari vijay midavala gela qee nahee heey kadachit shashvat shantatesathi sarvat sankhyikiyadrushtya mahattvapoorn yogdan yogdan eka aahe. fortanachya sanshodhananusar, jyaa yadavi yuddhanmadhye eka paksh jinkato, parinami yuddhaviram kinwa yuddhaviram hoto, tyamadhye navyane yuddhachi shakyata andaje qamee asate. shivay, shantata kararanmule dhoka 60-70% neey aanakhi qamee hoto.
jarr ekhadya gatala amali padarth, hire kinwa itar avaidh vyaparadvare nidhi deela gela asel tarr navyane hinsacharachi shakyata lakshaniyaritya vadhate-100-250%-mhanje asha paristhitit yuddh punha suru honyachi shakyata adich putt jaast asate. anek gatancha samavesh asaleli yuddhe punha suru honyachi shakyata qamee asalyache fortnala aadhalale, tarr doel aanee sambani yanna yachya ulat vatate.
olakh patvoon ladhali jaanari mahagadi yuddhe aanee yuddhe yaa donhihi hinsacharachya nutanikaranachya vividh shakyata puravatat. tarr dirghkal chalanari yuddhe aanee kararadvare sthapan keleli shantata (visheshtah lashkari vijayane sadhya jhaleli) jhaleli) yuddhachi shakyata qamee karoo shakate.
sahbhagi dalanvar shantata rakhanyache parinam.
lashkari samanyikaran.
kahee bhashyakaranni lashkari samanyikaran pudhe nenyasathi eka yantrana mhanoon shantata rakhanyachya mohimancha laabh ghenyachi kshamata adhorekhit kelee aahe. michael edward walsh aanee jeremi teller yanni assa yuktivad keela aahe qee dakshin sudanmadhil japanchya shantata mohimanmule japanchya lashkari samanyikaranala protsahan protsahan "deshachya shantatavadi sanvidhanache aanakhi uchchatan karanyachi eka anokhi sandhee" milate."moolbhut rajkiy, kayadeshir aanee samajik badalanshivay aadhunik shantata mohimanche purn vajan swikaranyat asamarth", teey assa nishkarsh kadhatat qee "japanche shantata rakshak pranghatak balacha vapar aavashyak asalelya anek gambhir aakasmik paristhiticha samna karnyasathi tayar naheet."yaa karanastav, teey suchavatat qee sanyukt rashtranchya shantata mohimanmadhye japancha satatyapurn sahbhag dhoranatmak badalanna bhag padu shakato, jeey shevati deshala" eka nirnayak tappyakade dhakaltat, jithun japanchya sainyache samanyikaran (hoil) haah ekmev parinam asel."
asel." deshanvar rajkiy parinam.
dyna muir applebaumne chinta vyakt kelee aahe qee aantarrashtriy shantata mohimanmadhye seva denyachya uddeshane fijimadhye sainyachya nirmitimule, chaar uthav dii 'etut (1987,1999-2000,2006 aanee 2009) karnyasathi aanee done dashakanhun adhik kaal lashkari hukumshahi mhanoon physiver rajya karnyasathi purese shaktishali sainya tayar jhaale aahe. tathapi, 'journal auph peace research' madhye prakashit jhalelya 2018 chya abhyasat asey aadhalun aale aahe qee jyaa deshanmadhye lashkar heey sanyukt rashtranchya shantata rakhan sansthekadun hatoon nidhivar jaast avalambun aahet, tyaa deshanmadhye asha nidhivar qamee avalambun asalelya tulanatmak deshanchya tulanet uthav honyachi shakyata qamee hotee.
vaiyaktik shantata rakshakanvar parinam.
shantata shantata sainikanchya abhyasatoon sakaratmak aanee nakaratmak asey donhi parinam disun yetat. bosniyala niyukt kelelya 951 americi lashkari sainikanchya abhyasatoon asey disun aale qee 77 takke sainikanni kahee sakaratmak parinamanchi nond kelee, 63 takke sainikanni nakaratmak parinamanchi nond kelee aanee 47 takke sainikanni donhichi nond kelee. shantirakshakanna yuddh pakshanmule aanee anekada aparichit vatavaranat vatavaranat dhokyacha samna karava lagato. yamule vegvegalya mansik aarogyachya samasya, aatmahatya aanee madak padarthancha durupyog hoto, jeey tyaa samasyansah asalelya majee shantata rakshakanchya takkevarine darshavile aahe. paradeshat ekhadya missionmadhye palak asane heey dekhil shantata rakshakanchya kutumbansathi tanavpurn aahe.
aanakhi eka drushtikon hii samasya upasthit karato qee shantata rakhanyamule sainya naram houu shakate aanee tyanchi ladhau kshamata qamee houu shakate, kaaran shantata rakhanyachya tukadichi moheem profile sarvangin yuddh yuddh tukadichya profilepeksha purnapane vegali asate.
teeka.
shantata rakhane, manvi taskari aanee jabardastine veshyavyavasay.
veshyavyavasay dashakapasun, yu. aine. shantirakshakanvar balatkar aanee laingik atyacharapasun teey balrog aanee manvi taskariparyantchya anek gairvartanukichya aaropancha vishay rahila aahe. kambodiya, purv timore aanee paschim aafriketun takrari aalya aahet. bosnia-harzegovinamadhye taskari jhalelya mahilanshi sambandhit veshyavyavasayat gaganala bhidale aanee anekada yoochya darvajanchya agadi palikade chalavale gele.aine. sanyuge. 2000 teey 2001 yaa kalat bosniyamadhil pradeshik manavadhikar adhikari david lamb yanni dawa keela qee, "bosniyamadhil laingik gulamancha vyapar mukhyatve yu. ess. mule astitvat aahe.aine. shantata rakhanyache operation. shantirakshakanchya upasthitishivay, bosniyamadhye jabardastine veshyavyavasay jhaala nasata kinwa jhaala nasata."yavyatirikt, yuu. dwara aayojit sunavani.ess. 2002 madhye pratinidhi sabhagruhala asey aadhalale qee ess. eff. aar. chey sadasya varanvar bosnian veshyagruhanmadhye jaat hote aanee taskari kelelya mahila aanee alpavayin mulinshi laingik sambandh thevat hote.
patrakaranni kambodiya, mosambic, bosnia aanee kosovomadhye yuen nantar veshyavyavasayat zapatyane vaadh pahili aanee nantarchya done babatit, nato shantata rakshak dalanni pravesh keela. 1996 chya yu. aine. chya abhyasat, jyala 'mulanvar sashastr sangharshacha parinam' mhanatat, mosambic greka matchelchya majee pratham mahila yanni dastaivajikaran keleh 'sadhyachya ahavalasathi tayar kelelya sashastr sangharshachya paristhitit mulanchya laingik shoshanavaril 12 paiki 6 deshanchya abhyasanmadhye, shantata rakhanyachya sainyache aagman baal veshyavyavasayat zapatyane vaadh honyashi sambandhit aahe.
jithe jithe manavtavadi hastakshepache prayatna suru kele jaatat tithe veshyavyavasay aanee laingik shoshan vadhatat yaa vastusthitibabat geeta sahgal yanni 2004 madhye bhashya kele. tine nirikshan nondavale qee "sanyukt rashtrasanghacha muddah assa aahe qee shantata rakhanyache karya durdaivane itar sainyanpramanech karat asalyache disate. palakannahi sanrakshn dyave lagate ".
2006 madhye sanyukt rashtranmadhye jordonche tatkalin kayamswarupi pratinidhi rajkumar zaid raad zaid all-hussen yanni kelelya tapasacha parinam eka sarvasamaveshak ahavalat jhaala jyamadhye yaa gairvartanacha tapshilvar tapasheel denyat aala-visheshtah kongochya lokshahi prajasattakat jeey ghadale. laingik shoshan varanvar veshyavyavasayachya swarupat hote, jyamadhye kahee paishanchi (prati samna sarasari $1-$3) laingik sambandhasathi devanghevan kelee jaat asey. itar prakarananmadhye, laingik sambandhasathi mahilanna chalvanyasathi ann kinwa kinwa vaparlya jaat asat. itar tarun striyanni "veshyavyavasayachya veshat balatkar" jhalyachi nond kelee, shantirakshak tyancha thavthikana tyanchyavar balatkar karat aanee nantar heey krutya sahmatine vhave yasathi tyanna kahee paise kinwa ann dile jaat asey. meey teey september 2004 darmyan, laingik shoshanache bavis aarop jhaale-68 lashkari lashkari aanee 4 nagri nagri. karmchanyanviruddha akheris ekoon 105 aarop asateel. yapaiki bahutansh aarop 18 varshankhalil vyaktishi (45 takke) laingik sambandh aanee praudh veshya (31 takke) yanchyashi laingik sambandhanchya sandarbhat hote. balatkar aanee laingik atyachar heey anukrame andaje 13 aanee 5 takke hote, tarr urvarit 6 takke aarop itar prakarchya laingik shoshanashi sambandhit hote. bahutansh aarop pakistan, urugue, morokko, tunicia, dakshin africa aanee nepalmadhil shantata rakshakanviruddha hote.
uruguanche adhyaksh jose mujika yanni uruguanchya eka shantata rakshak dalane 18 varshiy haitian vyaktivar kelelya kathit balatkarabaddal haitian adhyaksh michel martelli yanchi maafee magitali. martelli mhanala qee "tarun haitiyanvar samoohik balatkar kelyas" shiksha honar nahee. yaa balatkarat sahbhagi asalyachya sanshayavarun chaar sainikanna atak karnyat aalee aahe.
julai 2007 madhye sanyukt rashtranchya shantata mohimanchya vibhagane (dii. pii. keey. oo.) kahinni alpavayin mulinche laingik shoshan kele asalyachya aaropanchya parshvabhumivar 734 morokkansachya sampoorn tukadila hastidant hastidant bandist kele. pudhil varshanmadhye, sanyukt rashtranchya antargat dekhrekh sevanchya karyalayane (oo. aay. oo.) 80 tapasanya kelya. 2013 madhye madhya african prajasattakat karyarat asalelya france, gabon aanee burundi yetheel yetheel aarop karnyat aale. yamadhye kemo prantatoon kiman 108 jananche laingik shoshan aanee shoshan kelyacha aarop aanee bahutansh prakarananmadhye alpavayin mulancha samavesh aahe. 2016 madhye, kangochya lokshahi prajasattakachya purv prantatil uttar kivumadhye karyarat asalelya shantata rakshakanvar gairvartanache aanakhi aarop karnyat aale. tanzania aanee yuenne kathit gairvartanukichi sanyukt chaukashi suru kelee, jyat tanzanian sainyacha samavesh hota. laingik shoshanachya 18 batamya aalya aahet, tyapaiki aath alpavayin aahet. sola tanzanian sainik, eka malavian aanee eka dakshin africi yaa aaropanmadhye sameel aahet. yuu. aine. neey march 2016 madhye ahwal deela qee aaropanmadhye mothee vaadh jhaali aahe; jyat ekvis deshanche sainya sameel hote. bahutansh aaropanmadhye cameroon, kango, tanzania, benin, burkina faso, burundi, ghaana, madgaskar, niger, nigeria, ravanda, senegal aanee togo yasah african deshanchya sainyacha samavesh hota.
shantirakshak aanee haiti patakiche sankat.
sambandhit prasarmadhyamanni aanee nantar 'newyork times', 'all jazira' aanee aii. bii. see. nyoojane nondavalelya mahattvapoorn vaidnyanik puravyanvarun asey disun aale aahe qee haititil mirabalais yetheel durgam talavar tainat asalelya nepali shantata rakshak dalanni patakichya eka pranghatak mahamarila chalana dilee aahe, jyane aktoobar 2010 pasoon desh uddhvast keela aahe. pataki haah eka jaljanya rog aahe jyamule atisar aanee ulatya hotat aanee rugnanna punarjalikaran hastakshep naan midalyas too kahee tasantach maroo shakato. julai 2012 paryant, haitichi patakichi mahamari jagatil sarvat white hotih sumare 7,500 lock maran pavale hote aanee sumare 585,000 haitian (pratyek 20 haitiyanpaiki sumare 1) yaa aajarane aajari padale hote.
haitimadhil patakichya udrekababat tadnyanchya niyukt naan kelelya swatantra panelnusar, shantata rakhanyachya talavaril paristhiti asurakshit hotee aanee yamule haitichya nadee pranalinna kiman done prakare dooshit houu dileh "mukhya shauchalay/showering kshetrat panyachya nalanche bandhkam [avyavasthit] hote, jyat paraspar pradushanachi lakshaniy kshamata hotee...visheshtah khulya nichara khandkavarun khandkavarun paipmadhun jeey sampoorn chhavanit vahate aanee thet meii upanadi pranalimadhye vahate. yavyatirikt, swatantra samiteene nondavale qee niyamitpane mirabalai tall aanee itar done talanmadhil kaala paanee kachara eka khulya, kumpan nasalelya septic khaddyat jamaa keela jaat asey, joou puracha dhoka hota aanee pavasachya velee meii upanadit vahoon jaeel.
november 2011 madhye, patakichya sathichya 5,000 hoon adhik piditanni sanyukt rashtranchya antargat dawa yantranekade dawa dakhal keela, jyat mahamarivar niyantran thevanyasathi aavashyak swachchh paanee aanee swachchatechya payabhoot suvidhanchya swarupat nivaran, vaiyaktik nukasanasathi nuksanbharpai aanee maafee magitali gelee. julai 2012 madhye, united states congresschya 104 sadasyanni eka patravar swakshari kelee jyat heey spasht kele gele qee 'yuenchya krutimule' haitimadhye pataki aalee aahe aanee yuenne 'patakicha samna keela pahije aanee shevati tee nasht kelee pahije. 2013 madhye yuenne haah dawa fetalala aanee piditanchya vakilanni unver nyayalayat khatala dakhal karnyache vachan dile aahe.
samkalin shantata rakhanyashi sambandhit sanskrutik chinta.
shantata rakhanyachya babatit vividh sanskratinche lakshaniy mishran aahe. anek vela aavhanatmak vanshik pradeshanmadhye, jeey shantata rakshak dall anekada tainat kele jaatat, vividh yogdan tond deshanmadhun ekatra aanalelya mothya sankhyene sainya, police aanee aanee. yaa vaividhyapurn sanskratinmule, guntaguntichya sanskrutik sanvad hotat, jeey keval mohimechya parinamkaraktevar parinam karat naheet, tarr shantata rakshakanna madat karnyasathi asalelya loksankhyeshi sangharsh dekhil karoo shakatat.
1988 purvichya bahutansh prakarananmadhye, vishisht deshanni anekada shantata rakshak puravale. tyaveli keval 26 deshanni shantata rakhanyasathi tainat karnyat sahbhagi honyasathi karmchari pathavale hote. aaj tee sankhya ainshihun adhik jhaali aahe. yacha parinam atyant vaividhyapurn gatamadhye hoto. asha prakare, sanyukt rashtranchya shantata rakhanyachya tainatinna keval bhashechya guntaguntishich navhe tarr asankhya sanskrutik aanee samajik matbhedancha samna karava lagel, jyamule karyatmak adachani nirman houu shakatat, jyanvar maat karane katheen aahe. heey matbhed parasparsanvad (mug teey vaiyaktik asso kinwa sanstha/ghatak yanchyatil), gairsamaj, anavdhanane aaksheparh vartan aanee dilelya deshatil vishisht tukadishi sambandhit purvagrah yanchyashi sambandhit samasya nirman karoo shakatat.
operationchya babatit, dilelya tainaticha bhag asalelya lashkari kinwa police police vaparlelya vividh davpech, tantre aanee karyapaddhatinmule parinamkaraktela adthala yeu shakato. kaaran yuen force anek vegvegalya strotankadun ekatra kelya jaatat, kshamata, prashikshan, upkarane, manke aanee karyapaddhatinmadhye visangati aahe. shivay, yogdan tond sadasyanchya sadasyanchya aadesh aanee niyantranachya swarupat lakshaniy farak aahet. yavyatirikt, kahee rashtranna rashtranna adheen honyachi ichcha nasel, jyamule ekatmata adhik guntaguntichi hoil. yamule yuen forcemadhil tukadyanmadhye kholvar basaleli vibhagani houu shakate jyamule kshetratil tukadyanmadhye paraspar pathimbyacha abhav nirman hoto. heey purv timormadhye tainat kelelya yuen shantata rakshak dalanchya anubhavanmadhun disun yete, jithe austreliyan lock eka majboot mohimet guntale hote, jyamule gret brittonchya gurka javananni vaparlya olakhalya sakriy hriday aanee manachya drushtikonachya ulat shakti sanrakshn jastit jaast jhaale.
shantata rakhankartyanchi sammati rakhane haah aadhunik shantata rakhanyacha eka mahattvacha pailu aahe. visheshtah bosnia, somalia aanee ravandamadhye, tee sammati kayam thevanyachya moolbhut tattvankade manavtavadi hastakshepachya aadharavar durlaksh kele gele-jeey kalam VIII chya hastakshepache swaroop pratibimbit karate. tarihi hastakshepala kayadeshirata midavi yasathi aanee tyavar jore denyasathi, sanyukt rashtranchya sainyane jyaa deshat teey tainat karnyat aale hote tyaa deshatil loksankhya aanee sarkarchi sammati midvane mahatvache aahe. yacha arth gharshan qamee karnyasathi aanee yashasvi operationsathi, shantata rakshak jyaa bhagat karyarat aahet tyaa kshetrachya mahattvapoorn sanskrutik dnyanavyatirikt shantata shantata prakriyecha eka bhag vatane.
shantata rakshak dalat astitvat asalelya sanskratinchya parasparsanvadavar aanee teey jyaa loksankhyemadhye kaam karatat tyavar farsa abhyas jhalela nahee. tathapi, 1976 madhye galtoon aanee hweemne yunef-1 (gazamadhye) aanee onyuk (congo) madhye sahbhagi jhalelya norwegian norwegian abhyas keela. tyanni asey mutt vyakt kele qee sanskratiche dnyan aanee dilelya deshatil rahivashanchi samaj hii keval aavashyak nahee tarr mohimechya yashasathi mahattvapoorn aahe. tyanna aadhalale qee norwegian tukadichya tukadichya sangharsh aanee jyaa sanskratit teey kaam karat hote tyabaddal adhik antardrushti havee hotee. tyanna itar deshantil lokansobat kaam karnyachya sandarbhat adhik majboot prashikshanahi havey hote. tarihi abhyasatoon asey disun aale qee sainikanna mahititoon farach qamee mahitee midali aanee sangharshababatchi bahutansh mahitee konatyahi sthapit prashikshan karyakramaivaji batmyandvare, pustake vachoon kinwa itar yuen yuen boloon prapt jhaali.
tyachpramane, unifilche sadasya aanee lebnonmadhil sthanik loksankhya yanchyatil sambandhanvar hiberg aanee holst yanni kelelya abhyasane nishkarshanna pushti dilee. tyanchya udaharanat, tyanna aadhalale qee jeey desh loksankhyeshi adhik purnapane ektrikaran karoo shakale aanee sthanik sanskratibaddal sakhol dnyan dakhavu shakale teey adhik yashasvi jhaale, tarr jeey mahatvakankshi hote, parantu sthanik drushyat qamee ekatmik hote, teey jyaa vyaktinshi teey sanlagn asavet asey vatat hote, tyaa vyaktinpasoon door rahile aanee tyanche yash kinwa tyancha abhav heey spasht karate.keval 2,200 lokancha italian tukada sthanik vatavaranacha bhag mhanoon karyarat hota aanee samanya jeevan paristhiti punarsanchayit karnyat sakriy ghatak banala. tyanchya sainikanna, tyanni kaam kelelya lokanchya sanskrutik, rajkiy aanee samajik paristhitichi tyanna olakh karoon denyasathi aavashyak asalele prashikshan denyat aale. sumare 6,00,000 rahivasi, mukhytah sheeya, asalelya kshetrat karyarat asalelya italian lokanni tyanchya bhagatil samanya nagrik aanee rajkiy netyanshi kaljipurvak sampark sadhala... american lokanna vatale qee teey lebnonchya rajkaranat sahbhagi hott aahet, parantu tyanni lebnonchya sanskratimadhye aanee itihasat pravesh keela aanee goshti kasha prakare karya karatat kinwa karya karat naheet yabaddal farse kinwa kahich samajale nahee... bahutek american lokanna alpakalin yutichi sookshmata, aathvaninchi lambi aanee raktaranjit bhandane, arab sanskratitil 'alan' [natevaik] chee takad kinwa dharmik farkanche barkave samjat navhate.yashasvi shantata mohimanchya sanchalanat sanskratiche mahatva samajoon ghenyache mahatva yavarun spasht hote. tathapi, shantata shantata aavashyak tantranvar sallah denyacha prayatna karnari eka prashikshan niyamavali astitvat asoonahi, shantata rakhanyachya tukadyanmadhye konatehi ektrikaran siddhant kinwa pramanit prakriya nahee, jee shevati yashachya kshamatet adthala aanel.
samkalin hastakshep aanee sangharsh nivaranavaril maryada.
shityuddhachya sampoorn kalavadhit nagri sangharshanmadhye bahya hastakshep aanee madhyasthi hii rajya-kendrit yantrana haatee ghetali jyamadhye sarvbhaumatva anullanghaniy hote. rajyachya sarkar aanee tyala virodh saksham deshantargat ladhvayyancha samavesh asalelya antargat sangharshanmadhye aantarrashtriy samuday kvachitach hastakshep karat asey. shityuddha sampalyanantar matra teey badalale aahe. aaj, nagri sangharshatil aantarrashtriy ghatakanchi madhyasthi eka pramanit nirakaran yantranevar avalambun aahe jee sangharshatil serve gatanna vyapakpane samaan sthan dete aanee sarvanni swikarlelya todgyavar pohochanyacha prayatna karate.
shityuddhachya samaptine aantarrashtriy vyavasthela navyane aakar denyachi sandhee midali. hii sandhee shityuddhachya vijetyanna denyat aalee hotee-mhanje, america aanee itar pashchatya bhandavalshahi rajye, jee moolbhut manavadhikar aanee lokshahikaranavar pradhanya tond udarmatvadi-lokshahi moolyanni shasit hotee. mageel dashakanmadhye vishesh darja midavanare rajya heey ekmev rajya hote. vasahatvadi shaktinviruddha sangharsh karnare gut yala apavad asale taree, rajyakade antim pramanat vaidhata hotee. parinami, aantarrashtriy samudayane dilelya deshachya antargat davpechanmadhye kvachitach hastakshep keela. sarvbhaumatvache ullanghan honar navhate aanee hii eka ashee vyavastha hotee, jyacha fayda mahasattanna, tyanchya mitrapakshanna tasech kadhanyachya jagatil sarkaranna jhaala.
matra, aata bigger-rajya ghatkansathi kayadeshirata vadhavanyat aalyane, tasech alpasankhyakanna dilelya rajyatoon vegale honyachi aanee naveen desh sthapan karanyachi sandhee midalyane aantarrashtriy sthitimadhye natyamay badal jhaala aahe. shivay, sangharsh nivaranasathi aantarrashtriy samudayachya pratimevar pashchimatya deshanmadhye vikasit jhalelya shaikshanik vicharancha motha prabhav aahe. heey model rajkiy hinsachar thambavanyasathi aanee vataghatidvare todga kadhanyasathi yadavi yuddhanmadhye hastakshep karnyas protsahit karate, jyamadhye anekada lokshahikaranache prayatna samavisht asatat. khristofar clafam aanee david shearer yanchyasarkhya tikakarancha assa yuktivad aahe qee haah hastakshep nagri loksankhyela haanee pohochavanyasathi satat sangharshasathi yantrana pradan karoo shakato. clafamcha yuktivad pramukhyane narsamharakade narsamharakade ravandatil paristhitishi sambandhit aahe, tarr shearer hastakshepachya nakaratmak pailoonvar laksh kendrit karato, pramukhyane siera leonshee sambandhit, jeey eka bajoone sampoorn vijay rokhate aanee parinami yuddhakhoranmadhye vishamata nirman hote jyamule satat raktapatasathi darvaje ughadatat.
ravandamadhye, hutu aanee tutsi yanchyat vataghatidvare todga kadhanyachya kadhanyachya pakshachya prayatnanmule hutu atirekyanna hutuchya mitvadyanchya hatyechi aanee tutsichya narsamharasathi tayari karanyachi sandhee midali. african ektechya sanghatanetil pradeshik rajyanchya netrutvakhalil aantarrashtriy samudayane, arusha shantata prakriyedvare hutu aanee tutsi yanchyat suru asalelya vanshik hinsacharavar todga kadhanyasathi vataghati karnyacha aanee todga kadhanyacha prayatna keela. hii prakriya keval eka varshapeksha jaast kaal chalali, tyat lakshaniy aantarrashtriy sahbhag samavisht hota aanee tyat tanzania (prakriyeche yazman), burundi, uganda aanee zair yasarkhya anek pradeshik kalakarancha samavesh hota.
tarr, ravanda deshbhaktipar aaghadi (aar. pii. eff.) haah arusha kararacha pramukh labharthi hota aanee tyachya anek takrarinche nivaran karnyat saksham hota, parantu tyane kelele anek laabh lashkari karvaidvare sadhya karata aale asate. clafamchya matey, aarushacha sahbhaginchya sapeksh shaktivar khaleel done prakare parinam jhalah yuddhabandi jyamule eka vishisht tappyavar pradeshik niyantranache vitaran gothale aanee dusare mhanje vataghatitil sahbhaginna dilele mahatva. yacha arth assa qee, vataghatitil gatanchya sandarbhat mahatva nishchit karnyavyatirikt, tyane sangharsh gothavala aanee aar. pii. eff. dware satatyane pradeshik laabh midvane rokhale. gatache mahatva tyanchya sapeksh lokpriyatevar kinwa lashkari samarthyavar navhe tarr madhyasthanni niyukt kelelya krutrim vajanavar avalambun hote. asha prakare, hya sampoorn prakriyene aar. pii. eff. chee sthitee kamkuvat karnyasathi madat kelee, tarr tyanchi aataparyantchi yashasvi lashkari moheem thambavali, aanee hutu atirekyanna narsamharasathi tayari karnyas parvanagi dilee.
keval sammati-aadharit vataghativar avalambun asaleli aadhunik dhorane atyant maryadit aahet aanee lashkari margane hatoon vijayakade durlaksh kele jaau naye, assa yuktivad shearer karato. teey mhanatat qee yuddhbhumivaril nashibatil badal anekada ekhadya ladhvayyala vataghatichya tablower aanoo shakato aanee tyachpramane tyanchya magnyanvar niyantran thewel.
vataghati aanee madhyasthicha vichar karata sammati khoop mahattvachi asate. shityuddha sampalyanantar aantarrashtriy samudayane sarvadhik vaparlele sadhyachi aantarrashtriy pranali aanee sangharsh nivaran model sammativar pradhanya dete. parantu shearer vicharato qee jarr ekhada ladhau sainik lashkari dalanchi badali karnyasathi aanee ladha suru thevanyasathi vilamb karanyachi paddhat mhanoon vataghati aanee yuddhaviram vaparat asel, tarr sangharsh vadhavanyachi kshamata aanee sambandhit manvi kimmat vicharat naan gheta sammati-aadharit ranniti ajunahi avalambali pahije qaa?
shearerne uddhrut kelelya anubhavjanya vishleshananusar, vataghatidvare jhalelya vasahatinsah mageel yadavi yuddhanna farse yash midale nahee. tyanni johnn steadman yanchya abhyasacha hawala deela aahe, jyat namood kele aahe qee 1900 teey teey darmyanchya yadavi yuddhanche nirakaran eka bajoone thet vijay midvat kele gele (yaat vasahatvadi yuddhancha samavesh nahee). vataghaticha parinam mhanoon 15 takke sampale. yavyatirikt, roy licliderchya abhyasane khaleel goshti nondavun yaa nishkarshanche samarthan keleh 1945 teey 1989 paryant, tyanni tyanche vargikaran kelyapramane ekoon 93 nagri sangharshanpaiki 58, kahee swarupat nikali kadhanyat aale, tarr urvarit chaloo rahile. matra, sthayik jhalelyanpaiki keval 14 (kinwa 24 takke) vataghatidvare sodavanyat aale. itar (76 takke) sainik vijaysah sampale. yavyatirikt, 14 paiki saat sangharshanmadhye ladhai punha suru jhaali, jyaa suruvatila vataghatidvare sampalya. tyamule sandhanane jhalelya tadjodicha ekoon yash darr, sampalelya antargat yuddhanpaiki sumare 12 takke hota.siera leonmadhye, fode sankoh yanchya netrutvakhalil krantikari sanyukt aaghadine 1991 teey 1996 yaa kalat sarkarbarobar suru asalele aanee raktaranjit gruhyuddha ladhale. yaa sangharshane aantarrashtriy laksh thode aakarshit kele, parantu desh uddhvast karnyat aanee tyachi arthvyavastha nasht karnyat teey yashasvi tharale. vataghatidvare todga kadhanyache anek prayatna karoonahi, donhipaiki konihi ladhvayya tyanchya maganya manya karnyas kinwa tadjod karnyas tayar navhate. khajgi lashkari mahamandalachya karyakari parinamanchya hastakshepanantar aanee rufchya yuddhbhumichya nashibat ulthapalath jhalyanantar sankoh tablever yeil.
yaa khadkal paristhitinantarcha dhoka qamee jhaala, nagrik nirvasit chhavanitun parat yeu shakale aanee tyanchya jivanachi punarbandhani suru karoo shakale. pann shantata najuk hotee aanee vataghati suru hotya. lashkari tukadya aanee nagri sainyachya hatoon hatoon sambhavya sudabaddal chintit asalele ruff, tyanchi shastre khalee thevanyas nakhush hote. yaa chinta qamee karnyasathi aanee shantatekade sankraman karnyas madat karnyasathi yuen shantata rakshakanchi niyojit tainati hotee, parantu goshti ulgadu lagalya. aantarrashtriy yogdankartyanni pudhil shantata rakhanyachya upkramanpasun door rahane suru kele; jase qee dhoranatmakdrushtya mahatva nasalelya deshatil mahagade aanee mukt mission. parinami, yuenche hastakshep dall santh gatine yashasvi jhaale aanee nantar jevha 740 yuen shantata rakshakanchya tukadicha aakar khoop motha hota assa sankohcha yuktivad jhaala tevha teey purnapane thambale.
sanyukt rashtranni donhi pakshanchya purn sammatishivay sahbhagi honyas nakar deela, tyamule shantata rakshak dalachi tainati rokhali gelee. heey sammati-aadharit drushtikon, shearercha yuktivad aahe, yadavi yuddhandarmyan aanee nantar astitvat asalelya asthir aanee najuk paristhitit yuen kheloo kheloo maryada spasht karato. "siera leonmadhye, yacha arth assa hota qee shantata-ubharani prakriyes chalana denyasathi aavashyak asalela eka mahattvacha ghatak anupasthit hota. yacha arth assa dekhil hota qee sankoh atty tharvat hota."yaa sammati-aadharit drushtikonamule eka kroor bandkhor gatachya netrutvala shantatechya kshamatet adthala aanata aala.
siera leonchya navyane nivadoon aalelya adhyakshanni tyachya kathor shaktichya fayadhyala qamee lekhoon karyakari parinamancha karar sampushtat aanala yaa vastusthitimule paristhiti aanakhi bighadali. 1997 madhye lashkarachya naraj naraj sarkar ulthoon takale tevha paristhiti aanakhi chighalali. yuddh lavkar navyane suru jhaale. surakshechya paristhitiche nirikshan karnyasathi eka lahan sainya tainat karnyat aale hote. jyala 'unomacil' mhatale jaat hote, teey julai 1998 teey aktoobar 1999 darmyan tainat karnyat aale hote, parantu jevha rufney deshachi rajdhani ghetali tevha tyanna deshatoon maghar ghenyas bhag padale gele.
unamsilchi sthapana aanee tainat 1999 madhye karnyat aalee, jyala adhyay VII aadeshanusar adhikrut karnyat aale, teey lome kararanchi amalbajavani karnyasathi hote. matra, hinsachar suruch rahila. suruvatipasunach ruff asahkarachya palikade hota aanee ekada ecomog tukadi mage hutley qee, rafney yuen sainyavar hallah keela aanee akheris shekado olis thewale. yamule aantarrashtriy samudayakadun anpekshit pratikriya aalee jyachi rushla apeksha navhati. tyachya netrutvala aantarrashtriy samudayane kaam sodoon dhavanyachi apeksha hotee, jase tyane somaliyamadhye kele hote aanee purvi jevha anomacil muktapane paloon gele hote. tyaeivaji, britishanchya pathimbyane, rafachya virodhat aakramak moheem suru karnyat aalee. unamsilchya adhikarkshetracha vistar karnyat aala aanee tyache manushyabal vadhavanyat aale. 2000 chya uttaradhat aanee 2001 chya suruvatiparyant rufchi lashkari takad mothya pramanat qamee jhaali hotee. asha prakare abuja kararanvar kararanvar karnyat aalya aanee december 2005 madhye yunamsilne tyacha aadesh purn keela. sier leone aaj shantatet aahe aanee yuenche mission yashasvi manale jaau shakate, jyaa prakare paristhiti vikasit jhaali tee shearercha muddah spasht karateh qee serve ladhvayyanchya hitsambandhancha samavesh asalelya vataghativar kendrit sammati-aadharit drushtikon yashasvi houu shakat nahee. aapan pahato tyapramane, avmoolyan asoonahi ladhai suru rahili. kharey tarr, kalam 7 chya aadeshanusar, 'anamsil' chya jaagi adhik majboot sainyadal aalyanantarhi, 'anamsil' chya swarupat hinsachar suruch rahila. jevha ingrajanni lashkari hastakshep keela aanee anek varshanpurvichya karyakari nikalanpramane sangharsh tikavoon thevanyachya rufchya kshamatet lakshaniy ghat kelee, tevha shevati roof vataghatichya tablower aala aanee shantata prasthapit karnyas parvanagi dilee.
kahee lekhak aantarrashtriy hastakshepachya kalpanevar prashnachinh upasthit karatat. jaagtik vikas kendrasathi 2005 chya karyakari peparmadhye, stanford vidyapithache jeremi weinstein "swayatt punarprapti" chaa siddhant pradan karatat, jyamadhye rajye aantarrashtriy hastakshepashivay shashvat shantata prapt karoo shakatat. yuganda, eritriya aanee somaliyacha cases studdy vaparoon, yuddhatoon rajye prabhavi sanstha kasha vikasit karoo shakatat heey weinstein dakhavato. yaa paddhatichi kimmat aanee fayade aahet jyanche aantarrashtriy hastakshepachya sambhavya parinamanchya viruddha vajan kele jaane aavashyak aahe. bahya hastakshep samoohik atyachar rokhu shakato, parantu sansthatmak badal dekhil thambavu shakato. swayatt punarprapti sarvat majboot netyachi unchi vadhavate, parantu satta vatoon ghenyas qamee cull asalelya sarvat majboot ladhvayyanna dekhil bakshis dete. shivay, hastakshep bahya prabhavavar avalambun asato tarr swayatt punarprapti antargat ghatkanvar aadharit asate. tyachya yuktivadache nishkarsh asey suchavu shakatat qee hastakshep heey aadarsh dhoran nahee, parantu weinsteincha assa yuktivad aahe qee aantarrashtriy samudayachya 'sanrakshn karanyachi jababdari' yaa siddhantala hastakshepasathi naitik mahatva aahe aanee 'swayatt punarprapti' sathichya atty atishay durmil aahet. wansteincha assa yuktivad aahe qee, jababdari saksham saksham mahasuli sankalanachya babatit nagarikanche shaskanshi asalele sambandh bighadavu naan deta, sushasana aanee bandkhor gatanna madat kashee protsahan dyavi heey moolbhut aavhan aahe.
mission crip.
shantirakshak karvayanchi anek vyavharik aanee naitik karane manya karat, james fearan aanee david laitin thampane sangatat qee kahee paristhitinmadhye rajya ubharanichya prayatnanmadhye adakanyachi tyanchi pravrutti aahe. yashasvi chhapamar mohimanna tond tond kamkuvat rajyanmadhye, kayamswarupi shantata prasthapit karnyasathi shantata shantata rajya sansthatmak aanee prashasakeey kshamata nirman karnyasathi dabav aanala jaato. yaa dabavanmule shantata mohimechya mool parighachya palikade mohim sarakoo shakate; rajya-ubharanit sahbhagi naan hota, shantata rakshakanna tyanchya baher padlyanantar shantata rakhalelya deshala hinsacharat parat yeu denyachi jokhim asate. asha prakare, 'neotrustiship' chya naveen chaukatidware shantata rakhanyachya prayatnanmadhye rajya-ubharanichya adhik ektrikaranache fearon aanee laitin samarthan karatat, jyat bhavishyatil hinsachar rokhanyasathi paradeshi shakti kamkuvat rajyachya deshantargat babinvar mothya pramanat niyantran thevatil.
janteshi sambandh nasane.
shantata rakhanyache adhikari aanee sthanik janata yanchyatil sahbhagacha abhav hii shantata rakhanyavar vadhati teeka aahe. 2015 chya pararashtra dhoran lekhatil severine autesarechya rupareshepramane, yamule asey vatavaran nirman hote jithe shantata rakhanare adhikari shantata rakhanyachya yojana vikasit karatat, parantu teey vastavapasun vegale hotat, jyacha jaminivar vipareet parinam hoto. yavyatirikt, teey shantata rakhanyachya rakhanyachya eka majbutikaran yantrana tayar karate, kaaran jaminivaril adhikari tyanchya yojanechi yashasviritya amalbajavani jhalyache sangatat, parantu pratyakshat tyache pratikool parinam jhaale. jarr jaminivaril paristhiti aanakhi eka hinsacharachya udrekat badalali tarr sthanik janatela doshi dharale jaeel.
hii teeka james see. sarkhya lekhakanni vikasansheel deshanchya vikasavar kelelya tikakarasarkhich aahe. scott, james fergueson aanee ell. lohmann. shantata rakhane aanee vikas yaa done vegvegalya goshti asalya taree tikemagil tark ekach aahe. truteey-paksh adhikari-mug teey shantirakshak asot kinwa vikasache pratinidhi asot-tyanna kaay changle aahe heey mahit aahe assa vishvas thevun aanee talagalatun mahitee gola karnyas nakar dett, samanya lokanpasoon vegale kele jaatat. heey dvesh kinwa samrajyavadamule nahee, tarr itar tadnyanshi sampark sadhanare sushikshit adhikari mhanoon aanee vikas aanee shantata rakhanyachya sahityat parangat asalelya tyanna kaay sarvottam aahe heey mahit aahe yaa vaidh vishvasamule aahe.
prastavit sudharana.
brahmi vishleshan.
tikela, visheshtah shantata rakshakanchya laingik shoshanachya prakarananna pratisad mhanoon, sanyukt rashtranni aaplya karyat sudharana karnyachya dishene pavale uchalali aahet. purvichya shantata mohimanchi punaravrutti karnyasathi, truti door karnyasathi aanee bhavishyatil shantata mohimanchi karyakshamta sunishchit karnyasathi yaa chuka mitavanyasathi pavale uchalanyasathichya anek pavalanpaiki brahmi ahwal haah pahila hota. bhavishyat shantata rakhanyasathichya mohima kartana yaa pratha lagoo thevanyache vachan yuenne dile aahe. dii. pii. keey. oo. neey aaplya 'shantata mohima 2010' chya sudharana ajendyat sudharana prakriyechya tantrik pailunche punarujjivan aanee satatya rakhale aahe. yamadhye yamadhye vaadh, kshetriy aanee mukhyalayatil mukhyalayatil sevechya atinmadhye susanvad, margdarshak tattve aanee manak karyapaddhati vikasit karane aanee shantata rakhane karya vibhag (dii. pii. keey. oo.) aanee sanyukt rashtrancha vikas karyakram (yuu. dii. pii.), african union aanee european union yanchyatil bhagidari vyavasthet sudharana karane yancha samavesh hota. 2008 saalee 'sanyukt rashtranchya shantata rakhanyachya mohimah tattve aanee margdarshak tattve' yaa shirshakachya capstone siddhantat brahmi vishleshanacha samavesh aanee aadhar aahe.
brahmi ahavalat olakhalya olakhalya mukhya samasyanpaiki eka mhanje shantata mohimanchya samanvayacha aanee niyojanacha abhav. tasech, shantata rakhanyachya mohimanchi uddishte aanee mohimansathi nidhi puravanyasathi nishchit kelelya sansadhananmadhil farak. tyamule, ahwal suraksha parishadela uddishte aanee tee sadhya karnyasathichi sansadhane spasht karnyas sangato. fearon aanee laitin yanchya matey, brahmi ahwal sarchitanisanna suraksha parishadeshi uddishte, sainya aanee mohimansathi aavashyak sansadhane yanchyashi vataghati karnyasathi eka rajkiy sadhan pradan karato. heey sadhan bosnia, somalia aanee siera leone yasarkhya mohimanmadhye sadar kelelya qamee nidhichi prakarane talhanyacha prayatna karate.
christine grey brahmi ahavalachya shifarshinchya amalbajavanichya samasyanche vishleshan karate. yaa shifarshinchya amalbajavanitil adachani tee spasht karate. visheshtah, suraksha parishadeche aadesh aanee tyanchi amalbajavani karnyasathi samarpit vastavik sansadhane yanchyatil antar qamee karnyasathi.

