
george aine. briggs

george nixon briggs (12 april 1796-12 september 1861) heey massatusets eka american vakeel aanee rajkarani hote. brigge yanni amerikechya pratinidhi sabhagruhat baaraa varshe seva kelee aanee 1844 teey 1851 yaa kalat massatusets 19 weey governor mhanoon saat eka varshachi mudat bajavali.
grameen upstate newyorkmadhye vadhalelya brigsney paschim massatusetsmadhye kayadyacha abhyas keela, jithe tyancha nagri sahbhag aanee yashasvi kayadeshir sarav rajyavyapi rajkiy kriyakalapanpurvi hota. 1830 madhye teey congressmadhye nivadoon aale, jithe tyanni puranmatvadi vhig ajendyala pathimba deela aanee tapal karyalay aanee tapal rastyanvaril samitivar kaam kele. teey sanyam rakhanyache niyamit samarthak dekhil hote, serve madyapanapasun door rahile.
adhik grameen matansathichya aakramak prayatnancha eka bhag mhanoon lokshahi governor marcus morton yanchyaviruddha ladhanyasathi 1843 madhye vigsney tyanna namankit kele aanee 1849 paryant tyanni sahajpane nivadanuk jinkley. jaree tyanni gulamgiricha vadgrast muddah talhanyacha prayatna keela, taree tyanni dakshin carolina dhoranala virodh keela jyamule mukt african americananna turungvasachi parvanagi midali. george parkmanchya hatyesathi johnn white websterchi fashichi shiksha qamee karnyas tyanni visheshtah nakar dett fashichya shiksheche samarthan kele. massatucets pitsfield yetheel tyachya gharee aakasmik bandukichya goline jakhami jhalyane brigscha mrutyu jhaala.
prarambhik jeevan aanee shikshan.
george nixon briggs yancha janm massatucets admus yethe 12 april 1796 roji jhaala. too allon brigschya baaraa mulanpaiki akrava hota, joou mool cranston, road betavaril lohar hota aanee nancy (braun) briggs, hugenot vanshacha hota. too saat varshancha asatana tyachya palakanni tyache kutumb manchester, vermont yethe halavale aanee done varshannantar newyorkmadheel white creak yethe sthalantarit kele. ghar dharmik hoteh tyache vadil baptisma denare hote aanee tyachi aaee bhookamp karnari hotee aanee tyanni tyanchya mulanna baybalmadhun dharmik shikavan dilee.
vayachya 14 vya varshi, dusya mahan jagrutidarmyan, jeey visheshtah upstate newyorkmadhye jordar hote, brigsney dharmantar anubhavala aanee baptismyachya vishvasat sameel jhaale. tyaa velee brigschee olakh jhaali aanee joou aajivan mitra aanee rajkiy sahkari banala, tyaa hilland hallchya mhananyanusar, tyane tyachya anubhavachya punarujjivan sabhanmadhye bhashan kele, jyamule garditoon kautukaspad talhya vajalya. tyanchya shraddhene tyanchya vaiyaktik vartanachi mahitee dileeh udaharanarth, ravivariparyant chalalelya congresschya adhiveshananna aakshep ghet aanee daruchya sevanapasun door rahoon, teey dharmik aadarshanna vachanbaddha rahile.
briggs turalakpane pandhya khaditil sarvajanik shalanmadhye shikat asat aanee teen varshe tyanna kwekar hatterkade prashikshan denyat aale. aaplya mothya bhavanchya pathimbyane tyanni 1813 madhye pitsfield aanee lenboro yethe kayadyacha abhyas suru keela aanee 1818 madhye tyanna massatusates barmadhye pravesh midala. tyanni pratham adamsmadhye eka sarav suru keela, 1823 madhye too lenboro yethe halavala aanee 1842 madhye pitsfield. tyanchya chachanichya kamache vaishishtya samkalin spasht, sankshipt aanee paddhatshir hote, jaree tyanna qamee aupcharik vatavaranat katha sanganyachi aavad hotee.
1817 madhye brigsney lenboro yethe baptist church sthapan karnyas madat kelee; yaa mandalit too harriot halla bhetala, jyashi tyane 1818 madhye lagn kele; tyanchi mule harriot, george aanee heinry hotee. brigsla tyachya kayadyachya abhyasat tyala pathimba denanya bhavanpaiki eka asalelya tyachya bhavachya rufasachya chaar anath mulanche sangopan karnyasathi dekhil bolavanyat aale hote. rufus 1816 madhye maran pavala, tyanantar kahee kalatach tyachya patniche nidhan jhaale.
nagri jeevanat brigscha sahbhag sthanik patalivar suru jhaala. 1824 teey 1831 paryant briggs heey massatucets berkshire kauntichya uttarekadil jilhyasathi kararachi nond hotee. 1824 madhye teey shahar karakoon mhanoon nivadoon aale, 1826 madhye mahamarg aayukt mandalache adhyaksh mhanoon tyanchi niyukti karnyat aalee. 1817 teey 1821 paryant amerikechya pratinidhi sabhagruhat kaam kelelya heinry shau yanchyashi tyanchi olakh jhalyane rajkaranatil tyanchi aavad nirman jhaali.
1826 madhye khatala chalavalelya faujdari khatalyane brigchi vyapak dakhal ghetali. stockbridgemadhe rahana eka bharatiy vanaida vyaktivar hatyecha aarop hota. brigschee tyachya bachavasathi nyayalayane niyukti kelee hotee; too manus nirdosh hota yaa puravyane khatri patali, brigsney samkalinane varnan keleli yachika kelee jee "jurie vaktrutvache eka model" hotee. durdaivane, jurie brigshee asahmat jhaali aanee fashi denyat aalelya vyaktila doshi tharavale. 1830 madhye khyan khuneene gunhyachi kabuli dilee.
yuu.ess. pratinidhinche sabhagruh.
tyachya pramukhatet vaadh jhaali asali taree, briggs suruvatila rajya karyalayansathi apatra hote kaaran tyachyakade malmatta navhati. 1830 madhye tyanni kongresasathi nivadanuk ladhavanyacha nirnay ghetala, jyasathi ashee konatihi aavashyakta navhati. chovisavya kongresdware teey jeksaniyanvirodhi mhanoon aanee panchvisavya teey sattavisavya kongresasathi eka pramukh mhanoon nivadoon aale, 4 march 1831 teey 3 march 1843 paryant seva bajavali. tyanni 1842 madhye punha nivadanuk naan ladhavanyacha nirnay ghetala.
briggs heey nantarchya varshant 'kapus vhig' mhanoon olakhale jaau lagale. too sanrakshanvadi shulkanchya bajoone hota aanee pashchimatya pradeshanmadhye gulamgirichya vistarala virodh karat hota, parantu gulamgirichya virodhat tivra bhoomikesah deshachya ektela dhoka nirman karnyacha prayatna keela nahee. tyanni sarvajanik kharch samitee aanee tapal karyalay aanee tapal marg samitivar kaam kele aanee pratyekache adhyaksh mhanoon kahee kaal kaam kele. tapal karyalay samitila dakshinekadil rajyanmadhun nirmulanvadi patranchya prasaranababatchya takrari niyamitpane prapt hott asat, jyanna tethe udhvast karnare mhanoon pahile jaat hote; heey prakaran kahise vadgrast hote kaaran dakshinekadil aamdaranni asha prakarchya patranvar bandee ghalanyacha prayatna keela hota. brigsche mitra hilland holl, jeey samitivar dekhil basale hote, tyanni 1836 madhye asha vidhimandal prastavanmadhye vaparlya jaananya tarkanche khandan karoon ahavalacha masuda tayar keela, parantu sampoorn samiteene aanee nantar sabhagruhane ahwal swikaranyas nakar deela. yaa ahavalache lekhakatva jaree purnapane hallche asale, taree brigsney tyat yogdan dile asave aanee hallney 'rashtriy buddhiman' yaa pramukh rajkiy niyatkalikat ahwal prakashit karnyasathi swakshari kelee asavi. nirmulanvadi patransambandhichya vidhimandal prastavanvar nantarchya congressmadhil vadavivadala chalana denyat haah dastaivaj prabhavi tharala, jyapaiki ekahi kadhihi swikarla gela nahee. 1836 chya tapal karyalay kayadyacha masuda tayar karnyat aanee too manjur karnyat briggs aanee holl yaa doghanchahi molacha vaataa hota, jyat postmaster general william teller barry yanchya aarthik gairvyavasthapanachya parshvabhumivar mahattvapoorn lekha sudharanancha samavesh hota.
congressmadhil tyanchya kalat, briggs heey sanyam rakhanyache eka mukhar samarthak hote. 1833 madhye tyanni karyakari samitivar basoon congresschi sanyam sanstha sthapan kelee; newyorkmadheel saratoga springs yethe 1836 chya sanyam parishadet, tyanni adhik lokanna daruchya white goshtinpasun door nenyacha marg mhanoon sampoorn sanyam pratidnyanche samarthan kele aanee visheshtah kentki pratinidhi thomas eff. sathee ashee pratidnya tayar kelee. pratinidhinchya sabhagruhachya majalyavar marshal. congressmadhye sanyam chalvaliche aayojan karnyachya tyanchya halchali tyanni shareer sodalyanantar sampushtat aalya, parantu teey ayushyabhar tyache samarthan karat rahtil. 1860 madhye tyanchi american temperence unionche adhyaksh mhanoon nivad jhaali.
1834-1835 chya hivalyat, washington kalvyachya bajoone chaalat asatana, tyane eka jamawala eka tarun krishnavarniy mulga aat padala aahe aanee budato aahe asey oradatana aikale. heey aikoon tyane aapale konatehi kapade naan kadhata panyat ghubade takale aanee mulala vachavale.
massatusets governor.
1843 madhye vidyaman democrat marcus mortenviruddha vhig tikitavar governorpadasathi ringanat utaranyasathi brigsla namankit karnyat aale hote. majee governor johnn davis yanna pratham namankit karnyat aale hote, parantu kadachit daniele websterne tyanna bhavishyatil uparashtrapatipadachya bolisathi pakshachya pathimbyache aashvasan dile hote mhanoon tyanni namankan nakarle. pakshatil vividh gatanna (eka websterdware niyantrit, tarr dusra ebot laurensdware niyantrit) manya asalela tadjod karnara umedvar mhanoon brigschee shifaras kelee gelee hotee. bahudha rajyachya grameen matdaranna, jyaa matdarsanghane samanyatah mrutyupraticha pathimba deela hota, tyanna adhik thet aavahan karnyasathi tyanchi nivad karnyat aalee asavi. nirmulanvadi swatantrya pakshane dekhil umedvar ubha keela, parinami konatyahi umedwarala aavashyak bahumat midale nahee. tyaa prakarananmadhye vidhimandalane nivadanukicha nirnay ghetala; tethe prachand bahumatasah brigschee nivadanuk nishchit karnyat aalee. 1850 paryant briggs lokshahi virodhkanchya viruddha darvarshi punha nivadoon aale. jaree truteey paksh (swatantrya paksh aanee tyacha uttaradhikari, mukt maatee pakshasah) anekada sahbhagi asat, taree 1849 chya nivadanukiparyant tyanni lokpriy bahumat midavale. jaree vigschee abhijat svabhavasathi pratishtha hotee, taree briggs heey purviche vhig governor, johnn davis aanee edward everate yanchyapeksha barech jaast lokpriy hote.
1844 madhye, dakshin carolina massatusates aanee itar uttarekadil rajyanmadhun tethe yenanya mukt krishnavarniyanna turungat taknyas adhikrut kelelya nuktyach lagoo kelelya dhoranamule chintet asalelya brigsney yaa dhoranacha nishedh karnyasathi pratinidhi pathavale. samuel hoar aanee tyachi mulgi elizabeth dakshin carolina dhoran badalanyat ayashasvi tharale aanee dakshinechya vyavharanmadhye yanki hastakshep mhanoon olakhalya jaananya virodhat nidarshane kelyanantar, tyanna tyanchya swatachya surakshesathi rajya sodanyacha sallah denyat aala.
mrutyudandacha muddah haah brigchya karyakalat rajyat charchecha vishay hota, samajsudharkanni too radd karanyachi magani kelee hotee. brigsney vaiyaktikaritya fashichya shikshela pasanti dilee, parantu rajkiy karananmule, udaharanarth, hatyechya prakarananmadhye tyacha vapar pratham shreni hatyeshi sambandhit prakarananparyant maryadit thevanyacha prayatna karat, tyacha vapar maaf karnyache aavahan kele. 1846chya hatya prakaranatil nirdosh muktinantar, jyat mrutyudandachya virodhi bhavna mahattvachi asalyache manale jaat hote, mrutyudandachya virodhi dandatmak karyasanghala qamee karnyacha prayatna karat, tyanni hatya vagalata serve gunhyansathi dand radd karnyacha prastav mandala, parantu sahanubhootishil nyayadhishanni asha prakarchi aanakhi nirdosh muktata kelyas gunhe aanee shiksha yanchyatil sambandh kamkuvat hoil ashee chinta vyakt kelee.
1849 madhye eka mahilechya premasathi pratispardhyachi hatya kelyacha aarop asalelya washington gude yaa krishnavarniy nausainikavar jhalelya khatalyat brigscha yuktivad vaparla gela. gudeviruddhache prakaran moolatah paristhitijanya hote, parantu jurine jilha vakilachya 'hinsacharachya gunhyanchya' thaam shikshechya aavahanache palan kele aanee tyala doshi tharavale. gudechi fashichi shiksha maaf karnyasathi brigschee magani hotee, parantu tyane nakar deela, asey lihoon qee "yethe kshama kelyas kayadyachya sampoorn vidhvansakade cull asel."
november 1849 madhye harvard vaidyakeey shalet jhalelya george parkmanchya hatyeprakarani pradhyapak johnn white webster yanchyavar gude prakaran aalyanantar kahee kalatach khalbaljanak khatala jhaala. yaa khatalyala deshbharat coverage midale aanee firyadi khatala ektar paristhitijanya (sampoorn mrutdeh sapadala nahee yaa vastusthitimule guntagunticha) kinwa naveen prakarchya puravyanvar aadharit hota (yaa khatalyat prathamach nyayvaidhyak dantchikitsa vaparali gelee). yavyatirikt, massatusates sarvoch nyayik nyayalayache mukhya nyayadhish lemuel shau yanchyavar tyanni panchanna dilelya soochananmadhye pakshapat kelyabaddal mothya pramanat teeka karnyat aalee. bregsla fashichya shikshechya virodhakanni websterchi shiksha qamee karanyachi yachika kelee hotee aanee tase naan kelyas sharirik haanee karanyachi dhamkihi dilee hotee. tathapi, yaa prakaranatil purave spasht aahet (visheshtah websterne kabulijbab dilyanantar) aanee nyayalayane yogya aanee yogya parishrampurvak kaam kele aahe yabaddal shanka ghenyache kaaran nahee asey sangoon tyanni nakar deela.
brigschya governor asatana, nirmulanvadi karyakartyanni vigs aanee democrats yaa doghanviruddhahi ghuskhori suru thewali, pramukhyane democratsburober varchasva asalelya vigschya virodhat samaan kaaran nirman kele. kapus kuhwad mhanoon brigschya bhoomikene tyala yaa shaktinchya virodhat thewale. tyanni mexican-american yuddhala virodh keela, parantu rajyanni yuddhasathi sainya vadhavanyat madat karavi yaa sanghiy magnyanna manyata dilee, jyamule karyakarte wendell phillips yancha santap nirman jhaala. tyanni itar prakarchya sudharananna protsahan dile, rajyatil shikshan sudharanyasathichya tyanchya upkramanmadhye horace manla pathimba deela.
1849 madhye, free soil partychya sattemadhye vaadh jhalyamule briggs lokpriy matanmadhye bahumat midvanyat ayashasvi jhaale, parantu vhig vidhimandalane tyanna punha padavar parat aanale. 1850 chya nivadanukit, 1850 chya tadjodibaddal (deshacha ekatmata rakhanyasathi rachalelya federal kayadyanchi eka malika jyamadhye farar gulam kayadyasah) santapane democrats aanee mukt jamindaranna massatusates vidhimandalat niyantran midvanyasathi yutee karnyas pravrutt kele aanee bandkhorichya samarthak aanee virodhi reshanvar bandkhoranchi vibhagani kelee. governoralchi nivadanuk punha vidhimandalakade pathavalyanantar, democrat george ess. brigsaivaji boutwellchi nivad karnyat aalee.
nantarchi varshe.
brigsney pitsfieldmadhye kayadyacha sarav punha suru keela. 1853 madhye teey rajya ghatanatmak adhiveshanache sadasya hote aanee 1853 teey 1858 paryant samanya yachikanchya nyayalayache nyayadhish mhanoon basale. 1859 madhye lupt hott chalalelya 'nonning-nuthing' chalvalimule tyanna rajyapalpadasathi namankit karnyat aale, parantu teey itar umedvaranpeksha khoop mage rahile.
1861 madhye rashtradhyaksh abraham linken yanni briggs yanchi dakshin american granadine federation (andaje sadhyachya kolambiya aanee panama) chya rajnaitik mohimesathi niyukti kelee. matra, teey heey padd swikaranyapurvich tyanche nidhan jhaale. 4 september 1861 roji briggs pitsfield yetheel tyachya gharatil tyachya kapatatoon overkote kadhat asatana bandook padali. briggs teey uchalat asatana, bandook sodali gelee aanee brigswar golya zadanyat aalya. 12 september 1861 roji pahate briggs yanche nidhan jhaale aanee tyanna pitsfield smashanbhumit daphan karnyat aale.