samanvay kramank

rasayanshastra, sfatikalekhan aanee bhautik vidnyanat, renu kinwa sphatikatil madhyavarti anoochi, ligancy mhanoonahi olakhali jaanari samanvay sankhya mhanje tyachyashi jodalelya anoonchi, renunchi kinwa aayananchi sankhya hoy. madhyavarti aayan/renu/anoochya sabhovatalachya aayan/renu/anoola legand mhanatat. hii sankhya sphatikanpeksha renunsathi kahee pramanat vegali tharavali jaate.
renu aanee bahupakshiy aayansathi anoochi samanvay sankhya tee jyaa anoonshi bandhali gelee aahe tyaa itar anoonchi mojani karoon (ektar eka kinwa ekadhik bandhandware) nishchit kelee jaate. udaharanarth, [cr (nh3) 2cl2br2]-chaa madhyavarti catayan mhanoon cr3 + aahe, jyacha samanvay kramank 6 aahe aanee tyache varnan "hexacordin" asey kele aahe. 4, 6 aanee 8 yaa samanya samanvay sankhya aahet.
renu, bahupakshiy aayan aanee samanvay sankul.
rasayanshastrat, samanvay kramank, moolatah 1893 madhye alfried vernerne paribhashit keela, too renu kinwa aayanmadhil madhyavarti anoochya shejaryanchi ekoon sankhya aahe. hii sankalpana samanyatah samanvay sankulanna lagoo kelee jaate.
sadhee aanee samanya prakarane.
dii-" khand sankraman dhatoo sankulansathi sarvat samanya samanvay kramank 6 aahe. samanvay kramank asha sankulanchi bhoomiti vegale karat nahee, mhanje.eae. aktahedral viruddha trikoni presammatic. 
sankraman dhatoo sankulansathi, samanvay sankhya 2 (udaa.jee., (udaa.jee auee) teey 9 (udaa.jee., (udaa.jee 2− madhye revee.) eff"-blockmadheel dhatoo (lanthanoids aanee actinoids) tyanchya mothya ionic trijya aanee bandhanasathi adhik kakshiyanchya upalabdhatemule uchch samanvay sankhya samavoon gheu shakatat. 8 teey 12 chya samanvay sankhya samanyatah "eff"-block ghatkansathi pahilya jaatat. udaharanarth, legands mhanoon bidentate nitrate ions, see. eae. aay. vhee. aanee theeve heey 12-samanvayit aayan [see. eae. (kramank 3) 6] 2 − (sirik amonium nitrate) aanee [th (kramank 3) 6] 2 − tayar karatat. jevha sabhovatalache legands madhyavarti anoopeksha khoopach lahan asatat, tevha samanvay sankhya aanakhi jaast asane shakya aahe. eka sanganakeey rasayanshastrachya abhyasane kiman 15 helium anoonsah samanvayit kendriya lead aayanne banalelya visheshtah sthir aayancha andaj vartavala. phrank-caspar tappyanmadhye, dhatuchya anoonche packing 16 paryant samanvay sankhya deu shakate. ulatya tokavar, steric parirakshan asamanyapane qamee samanvay sankhyanna janm deu shakate. 1 chaa samanvay kramank kramank dhatuchi eka atyant durmil udaharan, turfinyl-aadharit erylthelium (i) complexes 2,6-tipp2c6h3tl madhye aadhalate, jithe tip haah 2,4,6-trisopropylphenyl gut aahe.
polyhapto legands.
polyhapto legandscha samna kartana samanvay sankhya sandigdha hotat.
cyclopentadynide aayan [c5h5] −, alkin aanee cyclooctetride aayan [c8h8] 2 − sarkhya π-electron legandsasathi, π-electron pranalitil madhyavarti anoola anoola jawalchya anoonchi sankhya hapticity mhanatat. feroseenmadhye pratyek cyclopentadynide aayanchi hapticity, "η", paach aahe, phay ("η" 5-c5h5) 2. pratyek cyclopentadynide legandware madhyavarti loh anoochya samanvay sankhyela dilele yogdan niyukt karnyasathi vividh marg astitvat aahet. eka legand asalyamule yogdan eka mhanoon, kinwa paach shejari anoo asalyamule paach mhanoon, kinwa teen electron jodya samavisht asalyamule teen mhanoon niyukt kele jaau shakate. samanyatah electron jodyanchi ganana kelee jaate.
prushthbhag aanee punarrachana.
sphatik jaalichya aateel bhagatil anoonsathi samanvay sankhya changlya prakare paribhashit kelya jaatatah eka serve dishanmadhye sarvat jawalchya shejari mojate. aateel anoochya shejaryanchya sankhyela bulk coordination number mhanatat. prushthbhagasathi, shejaryanchi sankhya adhik maryadit asate, tyamule prushthbhag samanvay sankhya mothya samanvay sankhyepeksha qamee asate. anekada prushthbhag samanvay kramank adnyat kinwa badaloo shakato. prushthbhag samanvay sankhya dekhil prushthbhagachya girani nirdeshankavar avalambun asate. shareer-kendrit ghan (bii. see. see.) sfatikamadhye, mothya pramanat samanvay kramank 8 asato, tarr (100) prushthbhagasathi, prushthbhag samanvay kramank 4 asato.
prakaranancha abhyas.
anoochi samanvay sankhya nishchit karnyacha eka samanya marg mhanje ksh-kiran sfatikalekhan. sambandhit tantranmadhye neutron kinwa electron vivartan samavisht aahe. anoochi samanvay sankhya jawalchya shejari mojoon thet nishchit kelee jaau shakate. 
α-aluminiumchi eka niyamit ghan jawalchi pack keleli rachana, eff. see. see. asate, jithe pratyek aluminium anoola 12 jawalche shejari asatat, 6 ekach pratalat aanee 3 varr aanee khalee aanee samanvay polyhedron eka cuboctahedron aahe. α-lohachi shareer kendrit ghan rachana asate, jithe pratyek loh anoola ghanchya ghanchya 8 jawalche shejari asatat. 
carbonchya done sarvat samanya allotropeschya samanvay sankhya vegvegalya asatat. asatat, pratyek carbon anoo itar chaar carbon anoonni tayar kelelya niyamit tetrahedronchya madhyabhagi asato, mithensathi samanvay kramank chaar asato. graphite heey dvimiteey tharanni banalele asate jyamadhye pratyek carbon itar teen karbanshi sahasanyojakpane bandhalela asato; itar staranmadhil anoo adhik door asatat aanee jawalche shejari nasatat, jyamule samanvay kramank 3 midato.
soodiyam chloride aanee caesium chloride yasarkhya niyamit jaali asalelya rasayanik sanyugansathi, jawalchya jawalchya ganana aayananchya vatavaranache changle chitra dete. soodiyam chloridemadhye pratyek soodiyam aayanmadhye octahedronchya ghanchya sarvat jawalche shejari mhanoon (276 vajata) 6 chloride aayan asatat aanee pratyek chloride aayanmadhye octahedronchya ghanchya 6 soodiyam anoo (276 vajata dekhil) asatat. caesium chloridemadhye pratyek seasiummadhe ghanchya ghanchya 8 chloride aayan (sandhyakali 356 vajata) asatat aanee pratyek chloridemadhye ghanchya ghanchya aath caesium aayan (sandhyakali 356 vajata dekhil) asatat.
guntagunt.
kahee sanyuganmadhye dhatoo-dhanurvat bandh serve samaan antaravar nastil. udaharanarth, pii. bii. see. ell. 2 madhye, konatya chloridesna legands mhanoon niyukt kele jaate yavar avalambun, pii. bii. 2 + chee samanvay sankhya saat kinwa nauu asey mhatale jaau shakate. saat chloride legandsche pii. bii.-see. ell. antar 280-309 pii. emm. asate. done chloride legands adhik door aahet, jyanche pii. bii.-see. ell. antar dupari 370 aahe.
kahee prakarananmadhye samanvay kramankachi eka vegali vyakhya vaparali jaate jyamadhye jawalchya jawalchya jaast antaravar anooncha samavesh asato. international union auph chrystallography, aay. yuu. see. aar. neey swikarleli atishay vyapak vyakhya sangate qee sfatikeey ghanpadarthatil anoochi samanvay sankhya rasayanik bandh model aanee samanvay sankhya kasha prakare mojali jaate yavar avalambun asate.
kahee dhatunmadhye aniyamit rachana asatat. udaharanarth, zinkchi vikrut shatkon jawalchi pack keleli rachana asate. golakanche niyamit shatkon jawalche packing asey bhakit karel qee pratyek anoola 12 jawalche shejari aanee trikoni orthobicupola (jyala anticuboctehedron kinwa twinned cuboctehedron dekhil mhanatat) samanvay polyhedron aahe. zinkmadhye, tyach jawalchya pack kelelya vimanat sandhyakali 266 vajata fakt 6 jawalche shejari asatat, itar sahaa, jawalche shejari, samaan antaravar, 291 vajata varchya aanee khalchya pratyek jawalchya pack kelelya vimanat teen. samanvay kramankache varnan 6 aivaji 12 asey karane vajvi manale jaate. samaan vichar niyamit shareer kendrit ghan sanrachanevar lagoo kele jaau shakatat jethe 8 jawalchya jawalchya 6 adhik, andaje 15 takke adhik door aahet aanee yaa prakaranat samanvay sankhya anekada 14 manali jaate.
anek rasayanik sanyuganmadhye vikrut sanrachana asatat. nickel arsenide, niyaschi rachana ashee aahe jithe nickel aanee arsenic anoo 6-samanvayit asatat. jethe chloride aayan ghan jawalun bharalele asatat tyaa soodiyam chloridechya ulat, arsenic aayan shatkon jawalun bharalele asatat. nickel aayan heey 6-samanvayit aanee vikrut ashtatal samanvay polyhedrons asatat, jethe ashtatalakache stambh viruddha bajoo samayik karatat. arsenic aayan ashtabhujakar samanvayit nasatat parantu trikoni presmatic samanvay polyhedron asatat. yaa vyavasthecha eka parinam mhanje nickel anoo ekmekanchya agadi jawal aahet. hii rachana samayik karnari itar sanyuge, kinwa jawalun sambandhit asaleli sanyuge mhanje kahee sankraman dhatoo sulphide jase qee faces aanee coss, tasech kahee aantar dhatoo aahet. kobaltmadhye (2) telluride, coat, sahaa tellurium aanee done cobalt anoo heey serve madhyavarti saha anupasoon samaan antaravar aahet.
samanyatah-samavalelya rasayananchi itar done udaharane mhanje teo2 aanee aanee. teo2 madhye eka sphatik rachana aahe jyache varnan loh anoonsah aktahedral chhidranche done trutiyansh bharnare auxigen anoonche jawalche pack kelele shreni asalyache kele jaau shakate. tathapi, pratyek loh anoola 3 jawalche shejari asatat aanee 3 itar thode door asatat. rachana khoopach guntaguntichi aahe, oxygenche anoo chaar loh anoonshi samanvayit kele jaatat aanee loh anoo valsarane vikrut ashtabhujache shirobindu, kadaa aanee chehare samayik karatat. tii. aay. oo. 2 madhye ruteel rachana aahe. titaniumche anoo 6-samanvayit hotat, 2 anoo 198.3 dupari aanee 4 anoo 194.6 dupari, kinchit vikrut octahedronmadhye. titanium anumbhovati asalele ashtabhuj 3-dii jaale tayar karnyasathi kadaa aanee shirobindu samayik karatat. tribhuj samataliy sanrachanet auxide aayan 3-samanvit asatat.
ardh-sfatikeey, drav aanee itar avyavasthit pranalinmadhye vapar.
vikar asalelya pranalinchi samanvay sankhya achookpane paribhashit kelee jaau shakat nahee.
radial vitaran karya "jee" ("aar") vaparoon pahila samanvay kramank paribhashit keela jaau shakatoh
sootra _ 1
jethe "r" 0 hii "r" = 0 pasoon suru honari sarvat ujavichi sthitee aahe, jyavar "g" ("r") andaje shoonya aahe, tethe "r" 1 hii pahili kiman sthitee aahe. tyamule, heey "jee" ("aar") chya pahilya shikharakhalil kshetra aahe.
dusari samanvay sankhya ashach prakare paribhashit kelee aaheh
sootra _ 2
samanvay kramankachya paryayi vyakhya sahityat aadhalu shakatat, parantu sarat mukhya kalpana samaan aahe. tyapaiki eka vyakhya khalilpramane aaheh pahilya shikharala "aar" pii mhanoon darshavitana,
sootra _ 3
pahila samanvay kavach mhanje tapasat asalelya madhyavarti kanajaval "r" 0 aanee "r" 1 darmyan trijya asalela golakar kavach.

