
yantrasamagrichi rachana

abhiyantrikimadhye, hardware architecture mhanje pranaliche bhautik ghatak aanee tyanche paraspar sambandh olakhane. heey varnan, jyala anekada hardware design model mhanatat, hardware designersna tyanche ghatak pranali sanrachanet kase basatat heey samajoon ghenyas anumati dete aanee software ghatak designersna software vikas aanee ektrikaranasathi aavashyak mahatvachi mahitee pradan karate. hardware architecturechi spasht vyakhya vividh paramparik abhiyantriki shakhanna (udaa.jee.vidyut aanee yantrik abhiyantriki) naveen yantre, upkarane aanee ghatak vikasit karnyasathi aanee tayar karnyasathi adhik prabhavipane ekatra kaam karane.
"hardware" hii eka abhivyakti dekhil aahe jee sanganak abhiyantriki udhyogat (electronic sanganak) hardwarela tyavar chalana "software" pasoon spashtapane vegale karnyasathi vaparali jaate. parantu svayanchalit aanee software abhiyantriki shakhanmadhil "hardware" haah keval kahee prakarcha sanganak asane aavashyak nahee. aadhunik vahan apolo antaral yanapeksha barech jaast "software" chalavate. tasech, aadhunik vimane sampoorn vimanat antarbhut aanee vitarit kelelya lakho sanganakeey soochana chalavalyashivay aanee manak sanganakachya hardwaremadhye aanee ic wired logic gates, analogue aanee hibrid upkarane aanee itar digital ghatkansarkhya vishesh hardward ghatakanmadhye rahilyashivay karya karoo shakat naheet. sanganak, vaiyaktik digital sahayyak (pii. dii. aii.), seela phone, shastrakriyechi upkarane, upgrah aanee panbudya yasah vividh prakarchya anuprayoganvar, jatil pranali tayar karnyasathi vegvegale bhautik ghatak kase ekatra yetat yache prabhavipane pratirupan karanyachi garaj mahattvachi aahe.
yantrasamagrichi rachana mhanje abhiyantriki (kinwa "abhiyantrikisathi") electronic kinwa electromechanical yantrasamagri pranaliche pratinidhitva aanee asha pranalisathi rachana (chya) prabhavipane amalat aananyasathi prakriya aanee shist. hii samanyatah mahitee, software aanee upkaran pratikruti samavisht karananya mothya ekatmik pranalicha bhag aahe.
heey eka "pratinidhitva" aahe kaaran tyacha vapar hardware pranalicha samavesh asalelya sambandhit ghatakambaddal, tyaa ghatakanmadhil sambandh aanee tyaa sambandhanvar niyantran thevana niyamambaddal mahitee denyasathi keela jaato.
hii eka "prakriya" aahe kaaran hardware pranalichi rachana aanee/kinwa tyaa sanrachanetil rachana, nirbandhanchya sanchamadhye tayar karnyasathi kinwa badalanyasathi payanyancha kram vihit keela jaato.
hii eka "shist" aahe kaaran maryadit maryadanmadhye pranalichi rachana karnyacha sarvat prabhavi marg abhyasakanna kalavanyasathi dnyanacha eka sanch vaparla jaato.
hardware architecture pramukhyane pranaliche ghatak kinwa uppranalimadhil antargat vidyut (aanee, adhik kvachitach, yantrik) interfaces aanee pranali aanee tyachya bahya vatavaranatil interfaces, visheshtah vaparkartyadvare chalavali jaanari upkarane kinwa electronic displayshee sambandhit aahe. (haah nantarcha, vishesh interfaces, sanganak manvi interfaces mhanoon olakhala jaato, urf "manvi sanganak interfaces kinwa etch. see. aay.; jyala purvi manushya-machine interfaces mhatale jaat asey.) integrated circuit (aay. see.) designers sadhyachya tantradnyanala naveen utpadanansathi navinyapurn drushtikonamadhye chalvat aahet. tyamule, sakriy upkarananche anek thurr eka chip mhanoon prastavit kele jaat aahet, jyamule vighatankari microelectronic, optoelectronic aanee naveen microelectromecalicanic hardware amalbajavanichya sandhee khulya hott aahet.
parshvabhoomi.
digital sanganakanchya aagmanapurvi, electronics aanee itar abhiyantriki shakhanmadhye pranali aanee hardware yaa sandnya vaparlya jaat hotya kaaran tyaa aajahi samanyatah vaparlya jaatat. tathapi, pratyakshamadhye digital sanganakanche aagman aanee eka swatantra shakha mhanoon software abhiyantrikicha vikas jhalyamule, abhiyantriki "hardware" kalakruti, "software" kalakruti aanee ektrit kalakrutinmadhye farak karane anekada aavashyak hote.
eka programmable hardware kalakruti kinwa machine, jyat tyachya sanganak programcha abhav aahe, tee napunsak aahe; software kalakruti kinwa programpramanech, joparyant tee yogya (hardware) machinechya anukramik avasthanmadhye badal karnyasathi vaparali jaau shakat nahee toparyant tee titakich napunsak aahe. tathapi, hardware machine aanee tyache programming jawaljawal amaryadit amoort aanee bhautik karye karnyasathi tayar kele jaau shakate. sanganak aanee software abhiyantriki shakhanmadhye (aanee, anekada, itar abhiyantriki shakha, jase qee sampreshan), nantar, hardware, software aanee system yaa sandnya sanganak program chalavanaya hardware, software aanee hardware devicemadhye farak karnyasathi aalya.
hardware niyantrak navachya madhyam upkaranadvare softwaredware hardware niyantrit kele jaau shakate, yaa hardware niyantrakacha vapar hardwaremadhun vividh svayanchalit karya karnyasathi keela jaau shakato, samanyatah hardware niyantrakamadhye jee. pii. aay. oo. (samanya hetuche input aanee output) piin asatat, yaa pinche vartan kodachya tukadyane niyantrit kele jaate.
hardware" abhiyanta kinwa vastuvisharad keval hardware upkarananshi (qamee-adhik pramanat) vyavhar karato; "software" abhiyanta kinwa vastuvisharad (qamee-adhik pramanat) keval programshi vyavhar karato; aanee "pranali" abhiyanta kinwa pranali vastuvisharad heey heey pahanyas jababdar aahe qee programming hardware upkarnamadhye yogyaritya chalanyas saksham aahe aanee done ghatakanpasun banaleli pranali tyachya bahya vatavaranashi, visheshtah vaparkartyashi yogya prakare sanvad sadhanyas aanee tyache ichchit karya karnyas saksham aahe.
hardware architecture, mug, electronic kinwa electromechanical deviceche amoort pratinidhitva aahe jeey nishchit kinwa badalnyayogya program chalavanyas saksham aahe.
hardware architecturemadhye samanyatah electronic aanee yantrik sensor aanee actuators analogue, digital kinwa hibrid electronic sanganakacha kahee prakar samavisht asato. hardware designkade 'vibhajan yojana' kinwa algoridam mhanoon pahile jaau shakate, jeey pranalichya serve sadhyachya aanee purvanumey aavashyaktancha vichar karate aanee aavashyak hardware ghatakanna aavashyakatepeksha jaast bhag nasalelya swachchapane bandhalelya uppranalichya vyavharya sanchat vyavasthit karate. mhanjech, hii eka vibhajan yojana aahe jee ananya, sarvasamaveshak aanee sampoorn aahe. yantrasamagrichya uppranalitil ghatakanchi vyavastha karane haah vibhajanacha eka pramukh uddesh aahe jenekarun tyanchyamadhye kiman vidyut jodani aanee electronic sampreshan aavashyak asel. software aanee hardware yaa donhimadhye, eka changlya uppranalikade arthpurn "object" mhanoon pahile jaate."shivay, sanrachanesathi (hardware aanee software) vaparkartyachya aavashyaktanche spasht vatap heey nirmit pranalimadhye vaparkartyachya aavashyaktanchya pramanikaran chachanyansathi eka prabhavi aadhar pradan karate.