
florence merrium bellie

florence augusta merrium bellie (8 august 1863-22 september 1948) hii eka american pakshishastradnya, pakshi nirikshika aanee nisarg lekhika hotee. 1890 teey 1939 darmyan, tine uttar american pakshi jivanavar kshetriy margdarshakanchi malika prakashit kelee. heey margdarshak anekada haushi pakshi nirikshakanchya lakshat gheuun lihile jaat asat, jyamule pakshyanchya chalvalichi lokpriyata vadhali.
lahanpanapasun thode aupcharik shikshan ghetalyamule, merriamla naisargik vidnyanat rus nirman jhaala, tee jithe vadhali hotee tyaa jawalchya ederondac parvatanchya shodhatoon aanee ticha motha bhau clinton haart mariums tichya kutumbatil sadasyanchya vaidnyanik ruchitoon. 1882 madhye smith mahavidhyalayat tyanche nisarg lekhan aanee sakriyatechi suruvat jhaali, jithe tyanchi vishesh vidyarthi mhanoon nondani jhaali. tyanantarchya tyanchya sakriyatemule aanee lekhnamule tyanna vayachya 58 vya varshi padvi pradan karnyat aalee. tithe asatana, tine aanee fanny hardy extromne tyanchya vargamitranna pakshishastravar shikshit karnyasathi aanee tyanna pankhanchya topya ghalanyapasun rokhanyasathi audubon societycha eka adhyay tayar keela. 1886 madhye merrium smith sodoon nighun jaiparyant, vidyarthi sanghatanecha eka trutiyansh bhag samajat sahbhagi hota. 
1890 madhye, merriumne 'audubon masikat' prakashit kelelya pakshyanchya profilechya malikeche 'birds thru aaa looking glass' yaa pustakat rupantar kele. antargehi paristhitinmadhye adakalelya pakshyancha abhyas karananya itar pakshishastriy karyanpramane, meriyamchya likhanane jiwant pakshyanchya naisargik, bahya abhyasala protsahan dile. gaav aanee maidanache pakshi' yasarkhya tichya nantarchya kalakruti tichya suruvatichya lekhanapeksha adhik tantrik hotya, parantu tyanni paryavaranavar aapale laksh kendrit kele. 1899 madhye, mariumne yu. ess. chey sadasya vernon orlando bellie yanchyashi vivah keela.ess. jaivik sarvekshan. 1902 teey 1919 yaa kalat, tine tichya nirikshananvar aadharit 'daad condor' sarkhya niyatkalikansathi 50 hoon adhik lekh lihile. tichi mahan krutee 'birds auph nyu mexico' hotee, jee tine yuu. ess. chya vinantivarun purn kelee.ess. well kukchya mrutyunantarche jaivik sarvekshan. mulat, tee aanee cook yanna saha-lekhak mhanoon soochibaddha karnyat aale hote, parantu tichya yogdanachya parimanamule merriumne teela ekmev lekhak mhanoon naav denyasathi sarvekshanat yashasviritya yachika dakhal kelee.
merrium aanee tiche patee washington, dii. yethe rahat hote.see., jithe tine rashtriy pranishastra udyanat pakshi nirikshanache varg shikavale. american pakshishastradnya sanghatanechya sadasya mhanoon nivadoon aalelya tyaa pahilya mahila hotya aanee tyanna bruster padak denyat aale. 1942 madhye tichya patichya mrutyunantar, merriumne vayachya 85 vya varshi tichya mrutyuparyant sarvajanik jivanapasun maghar ghetali. tichya sanmanarth parvat chikadichya upprajatila 'paras gambeli bailiye' asey naav denyat aale aahe.
prarambhik jeevan aanee shikshan.
florence augusta mariumcha janm 8 august 1863 roji newyorkmadheel toldhadichya upavanat jhaala, joou clinton leevi aanee carolin (nee haart) merrium yanchya chaar mulanpaiki sarvat lahan hota. tiche vadil tyanchya mulichya janmachya kahee kaal aadhi, toldhadichya upavanat sthayik honyapurvi yutika aanee newyork shaharat vyapari aanee banker hote. 1871 teey 1875 darmyan, clinton merrium yanni newyorkmadheel louis countymadhun republican pakshache sadasya mhanoon united statesche congress sadasya mhanoon kaam kele. darmyan, carolin merrium hii rutgers mahila mahavidhyalayatun padvidhar hotee aanee county courtache nyayadhish aanee collinsville yetheel newyork rajya vidhansabheche sadasya levy haart yanchi mulgi hotee.
merrium kutumbatil anek sadasyanni naisargik vidnyanat rus ghetala. rutgersmadhye asatana, carolinla khagolshastrat rus nirman jhaala hota, jeey tine tichya patee aanee mulanna durbinidware nakshatr aanee grahan pahanyachi parvanagi deuun samayik kele. merriumne ekada tichi mavashi helen bagcha ullekh 'aamche kautumbik vanaspatishastradnya' assa keela. darmyan, 1870 madhye jevha tyanni pahilya aantarkhandiy railwaymargavaril californiala pravas keela tevha tyanchya vadilanna nisargat rus nirman jhaala. clintonla himnadimadhye rus hota kaaran too tyachya yosemiti khoyatil pravasashi sambandhit hota aanee tyane yaa vishayavar nisargshastradnya johnn muir yanchyashi pradirgh lekhee patravyavahar keela.
homewood navachi merrium family istet, ederondac parvatanjaval vasaleli hotee, jyat sthanik vanyajeev shodhanyachya bharpur sandhee hotya. merrium tiche vadil aanee mothya bhavasobat estatemadhye firayachi aanee tyaa pradeshatil prajatimbaddalache tiche dnyan vikasit karayachi. tichi prathamik aavad pakshyanmadhye hotee, jyanchya savayi, ganee aanee prajati tee tichya jevanachya kholichya khidakitoon pahoon olakhayala shikali. jevha tee nauu varshanchi hotee, tevha merrium tiche vadil aanee ticha motha bhau, clinton haart merrium yanchyasobat floridachya camping tripver gelee. see. hartla tyachya praudh aayushyat naisargik vidnyanatahi rus hota, tyane tyache kishoravayin vay pakshyancha abhyas karnyat aanee kautumbik malmattet adakalelya pranyanvar taxidermy karnyat ghalavale. tyanchya vadilanchya congressmadhil kalane tyanna washington, dii. madheel nisargvadi drushyashi jodale.see.: jyeshth merrium, sii. laa niyukt karnyasathi, tevha smithsonian sanstheche sahayyak sachiv asalele spensor fullerton bayered yanchyashi baithakichi vyavastha karoo shakale. 1872 madhye pivalya dagadachya mohimevar pakshishastradnya mhanoon kaam kele.
merriumche bahutek prarambhik shikshan gharee hote, jyache varnan tine tichya kutumbatil sadasyanchya vaidnyanik aanee naisargik hitsambandhanvar aadharit asalyache kele. tiche pahile aupcharik shikshan newyorkmadheel syracuse yethe jhaale, jithe samanya aajarpanamule meriyamala vaidyakeey upcharasathi pathvanyat aale. tee tichya doctoranchya kutumbasamvet eka varsh rahili aanee tethil sthanik sarvajanik shalet shikali. tyaa anubhavanantar, merrium newyork shaharatil shalet gelee, jithe tiche kutumb hiwala ghalvat asey aanee shrimati. yutikamadhil piyatchi khajgi shaala.
mahavidhyalayin aanee prarambhik sakriyata.
tichya mothya bhavanchya aagrahavar, merriumne 1882 madhye massatucets northampton yetheel navyane sthapan jhalelya smith mahavidhyalayat pravesh ghetala. balpanbhar teela tras denanya aanee teela byanch aupcharik shikshanapasun rokhana kharab aarogyacha arth assa hota qee tee keval eka vishesh vidyarthi mhanoon navanondani karoo shakat hotee. yamule teela udarmatvadi kalanchya pragat abhyasapasun rokhale gele, parantu teela abhyasachya vihit abhyaskramache palan karnyaivaji jyaa abhyaskramat teela vaiyaktikaritya swarasya hote teey abhyaskram ghenyas dekhil parvanagi midali. tichya nondanichya velee smithkade vidnyanacha abhyaskram navhata aanee mhanoon tiche bahutek vargkarya lekhan, sahitya, bhoogarbhshastra, naitikta, tulanatmak dharm, tattvadnyan, sangeet aanee qalaa yaa vishayanmadhye hote. tathapi, tichya mahavidhyalayin karyakalachya akheris tine vidnyanavar laksh kendrit kele aanee utkrantivar eka varishtha prabandh lihila.
september 1885 paryant, jevha tine smithmadhil tichya antim varshat pravesh keela, tevha merriamla pakshyanche waid lagale jeey kautumbik mitra ernest thompson settonchya protsahanapasun suru jhaale. see. haart, joou tyaveli yoocha pramukh banala hota.ess. jaivik sarvekshan aanee american pakshishastradnya sanghachya sansthapakanpaiki ekane teela sanghatanechya pahilya mahila sahyogi mhanoon namankit kele. pudhchya jaanevarit, merrium, jine fanny hardy extromeshy maitri kelee hotee, teela heey pahoon dhakka basala qee tichi maitreen tichya topimadhye pakshyanche pankh ghaloon tyaa kalatil lokpriy fashionche anusaran karat hotee. tyanchya vargamitranni hii pratha sweekarli, tevha miriyamne pakshyanchya sanrakshanasathi aanee girani udhyogat badal karnyasathi parisarat aanee parisarabaher donhi bajunni yuktivad karnyas suruvat kelee. 1886 madhye mariumne newyork, nyu hampshire aanee washington, dii. yethe vruttapatratil lekhanchi malika prakashit kelee.see., pakshyanchya pankhanchya topichya sajavatela samapti denyasathi vaad ghalat aahe.
11 februwari 1886 roji nisargshastradnya george burd greenell yanni vanya pakshyanchya sanrakshanasathi 'audubon society' sthapan karnyacha prastav mandat eka sampadakiy lihile. greenelne haah aavaj uthavalyanantar eka mahinyanantar, marrium aanee hardy, jyane toparyant pankhanchya topya ghalane bund kele hote, tyane smith collegemadhye audubon societychya pahilya sthanik adhyayanpaiki eka tayar keela. sumare 75 vidyarthi aanee pradhyapak sadasya sansthechya pahilya baithakila upasthit hote aanee 17 march 1886 paryant smith college auduban societyne eka sanvidhan, adhikari aanee eka kshetriy samitee sweekarli hotee. tyaa varshi, mariumne 'audubon masika' madhye mandalachya uddishtambaddal eka lekh prakashit keela, jyane vidyarthyanna 'pakshi kase disatat, tyanna kaay mhanayache aahe, teey tyancha vel kassa ghalavatat, teey konatya prakarchi ghare bandhatat aanee tyanchi kautumbik rahasye kaay aahet' heey nirikshan karnyas sangoon kshetra abhyasala protsahan dile.
marriumcha assa vishvas hota qee tichya vargamitranna pankh asaleli topya ghalane bund karnyas thet sangnyaivaji, tyanna nisargparyatanavar nene adhik prabhavi tharel, jyamule tyanna sthanik vanyajeevanshi eka jode nirman hoil aanee tyanchya swatachya ichchhenusar hii pratha thambavata yeil. yaa prakriyecha eka bhag mhanoon, tine johnn barojchi campusemadhye yenyasathi aanee vidyarthyanna nisargparyatanavar nenyasathi bharati kelee. barochya meey 1886 chya bhetinantar lagechach, smith yetheel eka trutiyansh vidyarthi loksankhyene fashionable pakshyanchya pankhanchya vaparacha nishedh keela hota aanee sthanik audubon societymadhye sameel jhaale hote. darmyan, mariumne smithala sodalyanantarhi, birds darvarshi campusemadhye pakshyanchya sahaliche netrutva karnyasathi parat yet asat.
jevha merriumne juuna 1886 madhye smith sodale, tevha auduban society lokpriy jhaali hotee, tarr tiche vargamitra varg patrandvare jivanatil pramukh adyayavat goshtinsah sanvad sadhat rahile. eka vishesh vidyarthi mhanoon, merriumne tichya chaar varshanchya mahavidhyalayin shikshananantar padvi midavali nahee, parantu sansthene akheris teela 1921 madhye, jevha tee 58 varshanchi hotee, tevha padvi pradan kelee. merriumne smith sodalyanantar girani udhyogapasun pakshyanche sanrakshn karnyasathichi chalval pudhe geleeh 1900 chya lessie kayadyane bekaydeshirpane midavalelya vanyajeevanchya vyaparavar bandee ghatali, tarr 1918 chya sthalantarit pakshi karar kayadyane sthalantarit pakshyanche sanrakshn haah eka sanghiy kayada keela.
nisarg lekhan aanee sakriyata.
prarambhik lekhan aanee pravas.
1886 madhye smithala sodalyanantar, ajunahi avivahit asaleli merrium, tichya nisarg lekhanala pudhe nenyachya aanee jagasathi samajik yogdan denyachya tichya ichchemadhye adakali hotee. audubon masikat pakshyanchya dnyanavaril tiche pahile lekh 1887 madhye prakashit jhaale aanee jevha tee liheet navhati, tevha merrium kaam karananya mahila aanee mulinsathichya samajik krutee klabmadhye tichya aaichya svayamsevak karyat sameel jhaali. 1891 madhye, tine shikagomadhye eka mahina kaam karananya mulinsathichya unhali shalet ghalavala, jyachi sthapana jaine adamschya hull hausachi shakha mhanoon karnyat aalee, jyat tee pakshyanvar varg shikavat hotee. pudhchya unhalyat tine newyork shaharat grace hodley dodgchya eka samajik klabmadhye kaam kele.
merrium aanee tichi aaee doghanchihi tabyet kharab hotee, bahudha kshayarogamule, jyamule kutumbala paschim kinarpatti, talav shant, newyork shahar aanee florida yasarkhya aajaar qamee karananya hawaman asalelya pradeshanmadhye sutty ghalvavi lagali. 1889 madhye, merrium aanee tiche kutumb, merrium aanee tichya aaiche aarogya sudharnyachya aashene, tiche kaka gustavas yanchya nivassthani, sann digo counteela gele. ticha aajaar qamee karnyabarobarach, dakshin californiatil kityek mahine rahilyane, paschim united states aanee tethe aadhalanaya pakshyanchya jivanamadhye anandane rus ghetala. yaa kalat, 'audubon masika' chey prakashan thambale hote aanee merriumne pannas samanya pakshi gola karnyacha nirnay ghetala, jyanche profile tine masikasathi lihile hote aanee tyanna eka pustakat gola kele. "1890 saalee bostenmadhil huston mifflinne prakashit kelelya 'birds thru aine aupera-glass' yaa pustakamadhye tichya 'audubon' profilecha aanee 20 atirikt pakshyancha sangrah hota, jyat nirikshakanche pakshyanche vargikaran karnyat madat karnyasathi aanee jyanna tyancha abhyas suru thevayacha aahe tyanchyasathi atirikt sandarbh samagricha samavesh hota.
"aupera-glasdware pakshi' aanee 'merrium' chey itar karya tichya samkalinanchya pakshishastriy abhyasapasun vichalit jhaleh antargehi vatavaranat adakalelya kinwa marlya gelelya pakshyanchya mrutdehanchi tapasani karnyaivaji, 'merrium' haah tyanchya naisargik vatavaranat, varanvar durbinichya jodidware, gharabaher vanyajeev pahanyavar vishvas thevato. aupera-glasdware pakshyanche' profile ardhya panapasoon paach kinwa sahaa prushthanparyant lamb hote aanee tyat pakshyanche swaroop, gaane, gharate aanee savayinche bhautik varnan hote, jyat anekada chitre kinwa sangeet sanketank asatat. lekhak scott wedensall yanni 'aupera-glasdware pakshi' yacha ullekh 'eka arthane, american pakshyansathiche pahile feeled guide' assa keela aahe. jaree vaidnyanik pakshishastra heey purushpradhan kshetra hote, tarr miriyamchya kalat adhik lokpriy jhaleli pakshi nirikshanachi ghatana mahilanmadhye adhik lokpriy hotee, kaaran tyamule haushi abhyasas parvanagi midali hotee.
tiche prakashan asoonahi, merrium aanee american pakshishastradnyanchya sanghatanechya itar mahila sadasyanna purush sadasyanchya tulanet "drushyamanpane adhinastha staravar" khalee utaravanyat aale. 1901 paryant heey badalale nahee, jevha merrium, mabel ausgud rait, harriot mann miller aanee itar kahee mahilanni "nivadak sadasya" chaa darja prapt keela. mariumchi milarashi changli maitri hotee, jyane tichya karkirdichya suruvatilach teela likhan karnyas protsahan dile hote aanee jyane tichya pahat asalelya pakshyanchya najares naan yenyasathi tichya tantranna sangitale hote. 1893 madhye, merrium utahmadhil millermadhye sameel jhaali aanee tine pudhchya varshi 'maay summer inn aaa morman village' yaa pustakat tichya anubhavambaddal lihile. pramukhyane pravasache varnan asalelya 'merrium' madhye nisargache varnan aanee khelasathi pakshi marane thambavanyache aavahan dekhil samavisht hote. jaree tichya bhavane hastalikhit mothya pramanat sampadit kele asale, taree, nantarchya kalatil santanchya church auph yeshu khristachya sadasyambaddalacha ticha drushtikon tyaa kalasathi purak manla jaat asey.
utaa sodalyanantar, merriumne californiamadhye stanford vidyapithat sahaa mahine ghalavale, jyachi sthapana jhaali hotee aanee tichya bhavacha mitra david starr jorden yachya adhyakshatekhali hotee. tithe tine vanaspatishastradnya ellis eastwoodshee maitri kelee. merrium august 1894 paryant californiamadhye rahila, unhalyache mahine pakshyanchya jivanache nirikshan karnyat ghalavu ichchit hota. vasant rutuchya mahinyant, tee julya oka khoyatil tichya kakanchya shetat rahili, aanee 'broncover pakshipremi' mhanoon kaay banale teey lihili. cornell vidyapithacha vidyarthi lui agasses fuertis yane chitrit kelelya 'aii-birding aun aaa bronco' yaa chitrat californiatil pakshyanvishayi meriyamchya nirikshane tasech tine tichya mohimanvar swar kelelya pandhya ghodyashi asalelya tichya sambandhanche varnan kele aahe.
washington, dii.see., aanee tichya patisobat bhagidari.
jevha tee pravas karat navhati, tevha merrium washington, dii. yethe rahat hotee.see., tichya bhavachya gharachya tisya majalyavar tyachi patni aanee mulansah. arizona yetheel flagstafjavalil sann francisco parvatanchya antim ferinantar tee tithe purn paratali aanee lagechach sthanik vaidnyanik sanghatananmadhye sameel jhaali. merrium mahila rashtriy vidnyan mandalachi sadasya hotee, tine kolambiya jilhyachya audubon societychi sthapana karnyat madat kelee aanee american pakshishastradnyanchya uttar american pakshyanchya sanrakshanavaril samitivar milarasobat kaam kele. 1898 madhye, californiatil shasta parvatavaril naisargik jivanacha abhyas karananya gatache sahayyak mhanoon kaam karat, maidani mohimevar aaplya bhavasobat sameel honyasathi merriamla tiche pahile aamantran midale.
tine khoop lekhan suru thewale aanee yaa kalat tiche lekh 1896 madhye 'pakshi shet aanee bagevar kassa parinam karatat' aanee 1898 madhye 'gaav aanee maidanache pakshi' mhanoon punarmudran karnyat aale. 'navshikyansathi pakshi pustak' upashirshak asalele nantarche kaam tichya mageel pustakanpeksha adhik tantrik hote. 212 pakshyancha samavesh asalelya pratyek praveshala prajatiche lattin naav, bhautik vaishishtye aanee bhaugolik vitaran asey naav hote. sampoorn pakshyanchya chitranvyatirikt, choch, pankh aanee paay yasarkhya vishisht sharirachya avayavanchi chitre dekhil aahet. pakshagite sangeet sanketan mhanoon lihinyaeivaji dhvanyatmakapane lihili jaatat. pakshyanchya aaharache aanee tyaa aaharacha shetivar kassa parinam hoto yache varnan karoon merrium paryavaraniy laksh dekhil vadhavate. pakshyanna marananya manjari aanee shikaripasoon tyanche sanrakshn karananya sanrachana kasha bandhaychya yabaddalahi tee sallah dete.
16 december 1899 roji, mariumne tichya bhavacha mitra aanee yuu. ess. chaa sahkari sadasya vernon orlando belishi lagn kele.ess. jaivik sarvekshan. see. haart mariumchi belishi olakh jhaali hotee, jevha too minnesota yethe kishoravayin hota. beline 'mammels auph daad ederondax' chey lekhak merrium yanna patra lihoon, tyanni gola kelele namune olakhanyasathi madat magitali hotee. 1887 madhye, see. haart, jyanna aarthik pakshishastra aanee sastan pranyanchya vibhaganiche pramukh mhanoon niyukt karnyat aale hote, tyanni bellie yanchi yuu. sathee kshetriy pratinidhi mhanoon niyukti kelee.ess. darmaha $40 vetanavar jaivik sarvekshan. meriyamchya patichya nokarimule teela jaivik sarvekshanane kelelya mahiticha, taktyancha aanee chitrancha tichya bhavishyatil kamanmadhye samavesh karanyachi mubha midali.
april 1900 madhye jevha tyanni corpus christipasoon texasmadhil brounsvillela gaadee ghetali tevha beline pahilyanda ekatra pravas keela. pudhil 30 varshe tyanni ekatra pravas karane suru thewale, aanee tyanchya patine jaivik sarvekshanasathi kshetriy abhyas keela mhanoon tyanni marrium lekhan kele. hya kamanpaiki sarvat mahatvakankshi kaam mhanje tiche 1902 chey 'paschim united stateschya pakshyanche pustika', phrank emm. chey sahchar khand. chapmanche 'handbook auph birds auph eastern north america'. daad auk' aanee 'daad condor' sarkhya niyatkalikanmadhye disana 50 hoon adhik lekhanmadhye merriumne tichya pravasat ghetalelya lekhanche rupantar karnyat aale hote, asey kshetrane namood kele aahe. 1902 aanee 1919 chya darmyan, 'daad condor' chya jawaljawal pratyek khandat mariumche eka kaam disale. yapaiki anek uttar dakotatil preri vanyajeeveenvar kendrit hote, jithe tichya patine 1909 teey 1916 paryant unhale ghalavale hote. yaa pradeshatil tichya nondi 'daad condor' sathee 17 kagadpatranmadhye badalalya gelya.
1917 madhye sarkarne himnadi rashtriy udyanachya vanyajivansathi abhyagat margdarshak tayar karnyas belila sangitale. vernonne sastan pranyanchya jivanavaril vibhaganmadhye yogdan dile, tarr florencene pakshyambaddal lihile. yach sumaras, edward william nelson, yuu. ess. chey pramukh.ess. jaivik sarvekshan, vinantisah meriyamkade gele. wells cook 1916 madhye tyachya anpekshit mrutyupurvi nyu meksikomadhil pakshi jivanavar sarvekshan lihinyachya madhyabhagi hota aanee nelsonla mariumne tyache kaam purn karave asey vatat hote. birds auph nyu mexico' chey hastalikhit 1919 madhye purn jhaale asatana, anek prakashak nakashe aanee chitransah 800 pananche kaam tayar karnyacha kharch ghenyas nakhush hote aanee 1928 paryant heey kaam prakashit jhaale nahee, jevha nyu meksikochya khel aanee matsya vibhagane kaam chhapanyas aanee vitarit karnyas sahmati darshavali. mulat, jaivik sarvekshanane cook aanee merrium yaa donhi goshtinna lekhak mhanoon soochibaddha karanyachi vinanti kelee, jyala mariumne virodh keela. akheris, kukchya mool kamamadhyehi tichya punaravruttikade purese mahattvapoorn yogdan mhanoon pahile gele qee teela ekmev lekhak mhanoon soochibaddha karnyat aale, jyache shrey kukala denyat aale. done varshannantar, vernon beline tyachya patnichya kamacha eka sahchar bhag prakashit keela, jyache shirshak 'nyu meksikoche sastan prani' asey hote.
nantarche jeevan aanee mrutyu.
jevha teey pravas karat navhate, tevha bellie washington, dii. yethe rahat hote.see.tyanchi shevatchi varshe 1834 chya kalorama rastyavaril eka gharat ghalavali. abhyagatanni tyanchya pravasadarmyan gola jhalelya smaranikanni sushobhit kelele tyanche ghar aathavale. tyanchya gharacha kendrabindu rashtriy prani udyanat rahana bangal vaghache chitra hote. vanyajeev kalakar charles aar. nite, mariumne tichya mrutyunantar heey chitra smithsonian sansthela varasatva mhanoon dile aanee teey aata smithsonian american qalaa sangrahalayat aahe. tyanche washington yetheel ghar heey nisargshastradnyansathi anek ratrichya mejavanicha vishay hote, jyat ellis eastwood, clarence birdsai aanee sahkari nisargvadi jodape olaus aanee margaret murie yancha samavesh hota.
bellies yanna kadhihi ekatra mule jhaali navhatih mariumche lagn usheera jhaale hote aanee tichi garbhadharana garbhpatat sampali hotee, parantu teela mulanvar prem hote aanee tine vividh pradeshik aanee rashtriy sanghatanandware tyanchyasobat kaam kele, jyat boy scout auph america, khelache maidan aanee karamanook sanghatana auph america, rashtriy gruhnirman sanghatana, rashtriy baal kamgar samitee aanee washingtonmadhil kaam karananya mulanche ghar yancha samavesh aahe. merrium hii tichya natoo floady aanee diardray yanchi eka samarpit mavashi dekhil hotee, jyane smithala upasthit rahoo naan shakalyavar george washington vidyapithat navanondani karnyas madat kelee. vanyajeev sanwardhan aanee nirikshanabaddal mulanna shikshit karane haah meriyamchya dhyeyacha eka bhag hota. prathamik aanee madhyamik varganmadhye nisarg abhyas suru kelyane mulanna shaletil pakshyancha abhyas aanee sanrakshn yabaddal jaanun ghenyas madat hoil, jyamule tyanna paryavaranacha abhyas suru thevanyas protsahan milel ashee aasha tyanni vyakt kelee. sarvajanik shalechya vargabaher, mariumne 1903 madhye rashtriy pranisangrahalayat pakshi abhyaskramanche shikshan denyas suruvat kelee. tichya pahilya vargane keval 15 vidyarthyanna aakarshit kele, parantu 1913 paryant, eka dozenhoon adhik shikshak 100 hoon adhik vidyarthyanna soochana dett hote.
jaree 'birds auph nyu mexico' hii meriyamchi bhavya krutee asalyache disat asale, taree tine 1930 chya dashkaparyant lekhan suru thewale. rashtriy udyan sevene tiche shevatche mahattvapoorn karya, 'grand canyon rashtriy udyanachya pakshyanmadhil', 1939 madhye prakashit kele, jevha merrium 76 varshancha hota. 1929 saalee american pakshishastradnyanchya sanghatnene merriamla tyanchi pahili mahila sahkari mhanoon nivadle, tevhapasoon tyanna anek sanmanahi midale. done varshannantar, paschim golardhatil pakshyanvaril sarvat mahattvachya pakshishastriy karyachya lekhkala dvivarshik pradan kele jaanare bruster padak midvinari tee pahili mahila tharali. madhye 1933, nyu mexico vidyapith merrium eka manad doctorate pradan.
vernon bellie yuu. ess. madhoon nivrutt jhaale.ess. eka tarunane heey padd swikaranyachi vel aalee aahe asey manat, 46 varshanchya sevenantar 1933 madhye jaivik sarvekshan kele. tichya patichya nivruttinantar, mariumne pakshi sanrakshn samiticha rajinama deela aanee yaa jodpyane julya okmadhye nivrutt honyacha prayatna keela. heey alpakalin hote, kaaran florence tyanchya valvantatil gharat nakhush hota aanee teey lavkarach washingtonla paratale. vernon aanee florence yanni 1941 madhye ekatra tyancha shevatcha pravas keela, aanee aurora borelis pahanyasathi upstate newyorkla pravas keela. vernon beliche juuna 1942 madhye nidhan jhaale, jyanantar florence shantpane rahila. 22 september 1948 roji, vayachya 85 vya varshi, mariumche tichya washington yetheel gharee hrudayavikarachya adhogatimule nidhan jhaale. teela toldhadichya baget puranyat aale.
varsa.
meriyamchi anek kaame shastradnyansathi navhe tarr haushi pakshi nirikshakansathi tayar karnyat aalee hotee aanee 'gaav aanee maidanache pakshi' yasarkhi kaame pakshipreminsathi lokpriy margdarshak bunley. tichya kamanmadhye anekada phrank emm. sarkhya donhi vyavsayik pakshishastradnyanchya abhyasacha samavesh hota. chapman, robbert rigve aanee theodor sherman pamar, parantu tyanni tyanchya malmattevar aanee tyanchya parisarat pakshyanche nirikshan karananya haushi lokanchya nirikshananchahi vapar keela. tichya kamanchi rachana vanyajivinche kautuk karnyasathi lokanna guntavanyasathi karnyat aalee hotee aanee tyaa badalyat pakshi nirikshan haah eka lokpriy chhand banala. vidnyan lekhak paul heinry ohsar yanni mariumcha ullekh "tichya kalatil sarvat sahityik pakshishastradnyanpaiki eka" assa keela, tarr robbert velkar yanni teela miller, mebel ausgud rait aanee neltje blunchen yaa chaar pramukh mahila pakshi pustakanchya lekhika mhanoon vargikrut kele.
"dakshin californiatil parvatanmadhil chikadichya upprajatila 'paras gambeli bailiye' heey naav meriyamvarun denyat aale aahe. joseph greenelne 1908 madhye yaa prajatichi olakh patavali aanee tyala 'misses' heey samanya naav dile. belichi chikadi tasech tyache vaidnyanik naav. yaa manyatebaddal merriumne greenelche aabhar manale aanee tyala patra lihoon lihile qee, 'paras' haah nehmich majhya aavadatya pakshyanpaiki eka rahila aahe. yavyatirikt, meriyamchya shikshakanpaiki eka, patt jenksney, americetil sthanik lokansathi pavitra asalelya bhoomiche sarvekshan kartana mexicomadhye nakashankit jwalamukhichi nirmiti shodhali. tyane meriyamchya sanmanarth yaa nirmitila bellie crater asey naav dile, parantu heey thikan amerikechya simemadhye naslyamule, naav kadhihi adhikrutpane nondavale gele nahee.
nivadaleli prakashne.
harriot kofakchya 'noow women tenderfooth florence merrium bellie, pioneer naturalist' yaa pustakatoon prakashit keleli mahitee.