
bartramcha pravas

bartrumche 'pravas' heey nisargshastradnya william bartrum yanchya pustakache laghuroop aahe, jyat 1773 teey 1777 darmyanchya tyanchya dakshin americetil pravasache aanee american bharatiyanshi jhalelya bhetiche varnan aahe. heey pustak philadelphiya, pensylvania yethe 1791 madhye james andd johnson yaa companyne prakashit kele hote.
pustakache purn shirshak aahe, "uttar aanee dakshin carolina, georgia, purv aanee paschim florida, cheroki desh, muscogalges kinwa creak confederation vistrut pradesh aanee chactogecha desh. tyat tyaa pradeshanchi maatee aanee naisargik utpadane yancha samavesh aahe; bharatiyanchya shishtacharavaril nirikshanansah."
pravas.
william bartram haah eka bhookampak aanee nisargshastradnya johnn bartramcha mulga hota. 1772 madhye dow. londonche johnn fothergill yanni william bartrum yanna florida pradeshancha shodh ghenyasathi, biya gola karnyasathi, rekhachitre kadhanyasathi aanee aparichit vanaspatinche namune ghenyasathi niyukt kele. bartramne march 1773 madhye philadelphiyahoon pravas keela, georgia shodh ghetala aanee march 1774 madhye purv floridamadhye, visheshtah seent georgian samudrakshetrat, shodh ghenyas suruvat kelee. johns nadee aanee alachua savana yaa betanvar seminol bharatiy lock rahatat. charlestonla paratatana, nyu englandmadhye yuddh suru jhaale aahe heey maheet nasalyane, april 1775 madhye bartrum dakshin applechians aanee cheroki deshasathi nighala. bartramne chattahuchi nadee olandun nantar alabama rajya banale, nantar bhraman aanee pensacola yethe pravas keela. aajarpan asoonahi, tyane aakhati kinanyavaril paschimekade aanee mississippy nadiparyant batton ragchya palikade aapala pravas suru thewala. punha firanyasathi naukanayan karat, tyane varshachya uttaradhat tallapusa nadivaril bharatiy vasahatinchya khadimadhye antardeshiy pravas keela. janewari 1776 madhye bartram georgia yethe paratala, tyane tyache vanaspatinche shevatche namune savannahun londonla pathavale aanee philadelphiyala gharee paratala. tyachya pravasacha kram bartramchya pravasanmadhye achookpane punarutpadit keela gela nahee.
1774 teey 1776 darmyan bartramne tyachya pravasacha done bhagancha ahavalasah 59 rekhachitre aanee 209 valalelya vanaspatinche namune fodargilala pathavale. haah ahwal bartramchya aayushyat prakashit jhaala navhata aanee pustakashi tyacha gondhal houu naye.
bartram canoe trails sadhyachi bartram trail pranali, alabama, florida, georgia, uttar carolina aanee dakshin carolina yetheel tyachya andaje margache bhag chinhankit karoon william bartramchya pravasache smaran karate.
prakashanacha itihas.
krantikari yuddhadarmyan bartram filadelfiyamadhye rahila. tethe tyane aaplya vadilanni rajgruhatil kautumbik gharee sthapan kelelya vanaspati udyanala punarsanchayit kartana tyachya pustakache hastalikhit lihile. german shastradnya johann david shopf yanni 1783 madhye bhet detana aprakashit hastalikhit pahile. philadelphiya prakashak enoch story, junier yanni "pravas" prakashit karnyacha haah pahila prayatna hota. 1786 madhye, grahak aakarshit karnyat teey bahudha apayashi tharale. akheris 1790 madhye james aanee johnson yanni 'travels' prakashit karnyasathi dusra prastav jaaree keela aanee sadasyanmadhye adhyaksh george washington, upadhyaksh johnn addams aanee rajya sachiv thomas jefferson yancha samavesh hota. bartram yanni heey pustak pensylvania governor thomas mifflin yanna samarpit kele.
heey pustak 26 august 1791 roji copyritesathi jamaa karnyat aale aanee tyaa tarkhepasun janewari 1792 darmyan filadelfiyamadhye chhapale gele. chhapalelya pratinchi sankhya adnyat aahe, parantu kadachit 1,000 peksha qamee hotee. prati prat kimmat done spanish milled dollars hotee."bartramla kadachit 10 takke royalty midali asavi.
bartrum yanni tyanchya pustakachya pahilya aavruttibaddal asantosh vyakt keela, jyat anek truti hotya, visheshtah vaidnyanik navanchya aksharlekhanat. tyane eka shejanyala dilelya pratimadhye 28 chukanchi yadee sanlagn kelee. tyanchya aayushyat dusari american aavrutti prakashit jhaali nahee.
mahatva.
"bartram' sha travels 'heey eka vaidnyanik karya mhanoon, american bharatiy aanee american dakshin yanchyashi sambandhit aitihasik srot mhanoon aanee american sahityatil yogdan mhanoon mahattvapoorn aahe. massatusates masika' madheel samikshakala bartrumchi sahityik shaili 'khoop alishan aanee phulpakharu' vatali, parantu ekandarit yaa pustakache america aanee europemadhye khoop kautuk jhaale.
tevha jagacha eka vilakshan bhag asalelya bartramchya varnanachya achukatebaddal suruvatichya vachakanna kadhikadhi shanka hotee. parantu ekonisavya shatkat shastradnyanna heey pradesh adhik parichit hott gele, tevha bartramchya achukatechi pushti jhaali. bartramne tyache varnan kele tevha durmil asalelya aanee nantar jangalat namshesh jhalelya franklin vrukshasah (franklinia altamaha) anek vanaspati prajatincha vaidnyanik shodhak mhanoon too olakhala jaato. tyancha pravas purn hone aanee tyanchya pustakache prakashan yanchyatil sola varshanchya vilambamule, bartrumne aanakhi anek prajatinche pahile varnankarta mhanoon olakhale jaanyachi sandhee gamavali. german vanaspatishastradnyanni bartrumla tyachya kalatil ekmev ullekhaneey american vanaspatishastradnya manale.
bartrumne khadee, seminol, cheroki aanee chokta bharatiyambaddal kelelya sahanubhootipurn varnanabaddal samikshakanna anekada shanka hotee, jyane bharatiy heey adim "ranti" hote yaa anumananna aavhan dile."pravas" vyatirikt bartram yanni dakshin bharatiyambaddalachya tyanchya chhapambaddal aanee tyanchyabaddalachya manvi sarvajanik dhoranachya garjebaddal itar kagadpatre lihili.
englandmadhil bartrumchya prashansakanmadhye william wordsworth aanee samuel teller colories heey kavee hote. tyachya swatachya vruttanusar, kolarijane tyachya 'daad rime auph daad ancient mariner' aanee 'kubla khaan' yaa kavitanmadhil vilakshan pratima tayar kelya tevha 'bartramcha pravas' manat hota. tablechya namunyanmadhye ess. baddal charcha qaraa.tii. colories, "kolarijane mhatale aahe qee," heey pratyek prakare uchch gunvatteche kaam aahe."(12 march 1827)
european aavrutya.
"1792 madhye londonmadhye eka aavrutti prakashit jhaali tevha europemadhye 'bartram' sha travels 'prakashit jhaale aanee dusari 1793 madhye doublinmadhye. 1793 madhyehi,' travels 'germanmadhye' william bartram 'sha reason' mhanoon prakashit jhaale, jyacha anuvad eberhard august wilheim wonn zimmerman yanni keela. heey pustak berlin aanee viennamadhye jawaljawal ekach velee prakashit jhaale.
travels' chee dusari london aavrutti 1794 madhye prakashit jhaali aanee hii aavrutti wordsworth aanee colories yanchya malkichi aahe. tyach varshi, zaan david pashcharcha dutch anuvad harlemmadhye prakashit jhaala. 1797 madhye teey punha prakashit jhaale.
piyare vincent benoistne french bhashet kelele bhashantar, 'samudraparyatan dance leey partis sud dii laal' emeric septentrionel ', 1799 madhye parismadhye prakashit jhaale, tyanantar 1801 madhye dusari aavrutti prakashit jhaali.