
shakha (polymer rasayanshastra)

polymer rasayanshastrat, shakha mhanje polymerchya pathichya kanyachya sakhalila bajuchya sakhalyanche niyamit kinwa aniyamit jodane. heey eka paryay (udaa.jee. eka hydrogen anoo) eka monomer upghatkavar tyaa polymerchya dusya sahsanyojak-bandhit sakhalidvare; kinwa, kalam saha-polymerchya babatit, dusarya prakarchya sakhalidvare. shakheey polymermadhye adhik sankshipt aanee samamiteey aanvik sanrachana asatat aanee shakheey nasalelya polymerchya sandarbhat intra-heterogenous dynamical vartan pradarshit karatat. vulcanizationdware rabarla paraspar jodalelya chhotya sulfurchya shakha polyisoprene sakhalyanna (kinwa krutrim prakar) bahuvidh shakhanchya thermosating elastomermadhye jodatat. rubber itake purnapane vulcanised dekhil asoo shakate qee too eka kathor ghan banato, itka katheen qee too smoking paipmadhye biit mhanoon vaparla jaau shakato. suraksha chashmyanmadhye vaparale jaanare sarvat katheen, sarvat prabhav-pratirodhak thermosating plastic tayar karnyasathi polly carbonate sakhalyanna paraspar jodalele kele jaau shakate.
carbon-carbon kinwa itar vividh prakarche sahsanyojak bandh tayar jhalyamule shakha tayar houu shakatat. ester aanee emide bandhandware shakha hone heey samanyatah ghanikaran pratikriyedvare hote, jeey tayar jhalelya pratyek bandhasathi panyacha eka renu (kinwa etch. see. ell.) tayar karate.
shakhayukt parantu paraspar jodalele nasalele polymer samanyatah thermoplastic asatat. polymerchya sanshleshanadarmyan kadhikadhi shakha aapoaap udbhavtat; udaa.jee., polyethylene tayar karnyasathi ethyleneche mukt-radical polymerisation karoon. kharey tarr, resheey polyethylene tayar karnyasathi shakha rokhanyasathi vishesh paddhatinchi aavashyakta asate. polymide tayar honyachya paddhatimule nylon heey shakhavihin, saral sakhalyanparyant maryadit asalyache disate. parantu teen kinwa adhik amino gut asalelya polymines dicarboxylic aesidchya ghanikaranadvare "starr" shakhayukt nylon tayar keela jaau shakato. glukojchya enzymatic-utprerit polymerisation darmyan glycogen (prani) aanee starcha (vanaspati) eka prakar asalelya amyelopectinsarkhe polysecharides tayar karnyasathi shakha naisargikaritya dekhil udbhavtat. starchya shakhavihin swarupala amyelose mhanatat.
shakhanmadhil antim mhanje beckelite, phenol-formaldehyde thermoset ralamadhye aadhalanare purnapane paraspar jodalele jaale.
radical polymerisationmadhe.
mukt muldravyanchya polymerisationmadhe, jevha sakhali mage valate aanee sakhalichya aadhichya bhagashi bandh bandhate tevha shakha tayar hote. jevha haah curl futato, tevha mukhya carbonchya pathichya kanyatoon lahan sakhali ugavatat. shakhavihin carbon sakhalya jevadhya ekmekanchya jawal asoo shakatat, tasha khamb nasalelya carbon sakhalya ranget ubhe rahoo shakat naheet. yamule vegvegalya sakhalyanchya anoonmadhye qamee sampark hoto aanee prerit kinwa kayamswarupi dvidhruv ghadanyachya qamee sandhee nirman hotat. sakhalya aanakhi vegalya asalyamule qamee ghanata nirman hote. qamee vitalanyache bindu aanee taana shakti spasht aahet, kaaran aantaraanvik bandh kamkuvat asatat aanee tyanna todanyasathi qamee urjechi aavashyakta asate.
jevha sakhali swatahvar valate aanee tutate-mukhya carbonchya pathichya kanyatoon aniyamit sakhalya ugavatat tevha prasaradarmyan fandya padanyachi samasya udbhavate. shakhanmule polymer qamee daat hotat aanee parinami tanyata shakti aanee vitalanyache bindu qamee hotat. 1950 chya dashakat carl ziegler aanee giulio natta yanni vikasit kelelya ziegler-natta utprerakanni (dhatoo (4) chloridechya upasthitit triethylaluminium) hii samasya mothya pramanat sodavali. mukt muldravyanchya pratikriyeaivaji, prarambhik ethane monomer utprerkatil aluminium anoo aanee ethyl gatanpaiki eka yanchyat samavisht karato. tyanantar polymer aluminium anupasoon baher padoo shakato aanee parinami jawaljawal purnapane shakhavihin sakhalya tayar hotat. naveen utprerkansah, polypropin sakhalichi yukti, alkyle gatanchi sanrekhan dekhil niyantrit kelee jaau shakali. vegvegalya dhatoo chloridesney pratyek form i chey nivadak utpadan karnyas parvanagi dilee.eae., syndiotactic, isotactic aanee attactic polymer cheen nivadakpane tayar kelya jaau shakatat.
matra, aanakhi guntagunti sodavayachya hotya. jarr ziegler-natta utprerak vishari jhaale kinwa kharab jhaale tarr sakhali vadhane bund jhaale. tasech, ziegler-naata monomers lahan asavet aanee polymer sakhalyanchya aanvik vastumanavar niyantran thevane ajunahi ashakya hote. yaa samasyanche nirakaran karnyasathi punha naveen utprerak, dhatujanya padarth vikasit kele gele. tyanchya sanrachanemule tyanchi sakhali qamee akali sampate aanee tyanchi shakha qamee hote.
shakha nirdeshank.
shakha nirdeshank dravanatil macromoleculechya aakaravar lamb sakhali shakhancha parinam mojato. tyachi vyakhya g = b2> l2> ashee kelee jaate, jethe sb hii dilelya dravkamadhil shakhanchya macromoleculechya girationchi sarasari chauras trijya aahe aanee sl hii tyach tapmanat tyach dravkamadhil anyatha samaan rekheey macromoleculechya girationchi sarasari chauras trijya aahe. 1 peksha jaast moolya shakhanmule honanya girationchi vadhaleli trijya darshavate.