
sumnite (gladiator prakar)

eka sumnite (lattin samnis, bahuvachan sumnites) haah eka roman gladiator hota joou samaniyamchya yoddhyachya shailivar asalelya upkaranansah ladhalah eka lahan talwar ("gladius"), eka aayatakruti dhaal ("scootum"), eka chikanmati (aukriya) aanee shirastran. asha prakare sashastr asalele yoddhe heey roman khelanmadhil sarvat june gladiator hote. ii. sha. puu. chauthya shatkat samniumchya parabhavanantar lagechach teey rommadhye disu lagale, jeey campaniatil romchya mitranchya vijay utsavatoon sweekarle gele. parabhoot shatruchya paddhatine qamee darjachya gladitersna shastrasajj karoon, roman lokanni samniteschi khilli udavali aanee tyanchya sanskratitil marshal ghatakancha vapar keela.
roman prajasattakachya kalat samnites khoop lokpriy hote. akheris, itar gladiator prakar rostermadhye sameel jhaale, jase qee mermillo aanee threx. samrat augustuschya karkirdit, samnium haah roman samrajyacha mitra aanee avibhajya bhag banala (toparyant serve italiyananna roman nagrikatva midale hote). sumnitechya jaagi 'hoplomachus' aanee 'secuter' yasah ashach prakare sashastr gladiatorni jaaga ghetali.
itihas aanee bhoomika.
sumnitela italian dweepkalpachya dakshinekadil appenine parvatanmadhil samniyamchya lokanvarun naav denyat aale hote, jeey kshetra romne ii. sha. puu. chauthya shatkat parabhoot kele hote. romne ii. sha. puu. 343 teey 290 yaa kalat samniumsobat teen yuddhe ladhali. livy (9.4) sangato qee ii. sha. puu. 308 madhye romne samnium aanee molisacha parabhav kelyanantar, romche mitra, campanion, yanni samanite shastre aanee kavach yuddhat lutale mhanoon japt kele. tyanni aupcharik yoddhyanna upkarane susajj kelee aanee tyanchya utsavi mejavanimadhye nakali ladhaya aayojit kelyah
tyanantar lagechach, samaniyammadhil yuddhala samaan dhokyaas aanee titkach gauravshali nishkarshasah samore jaave lagale. shatrunni, tyanchya itar yuddhasadrush tayarivyatirikt, tyanchi yuddh-resha naveen aanee bhavya shastranni chamkavoon takali hotee. done mrutdeh hoteh ekachya dhalanvar sonyache aanee dusyachya dhalvar chandiche korivkam hote... roman lokanna yaa bhavya lekhnabaddal aadhich kalale hote, parantu tyanchya senapatinni tyanna shikavale hote qee, eka sainik sonyane aanee chandine sushobhit nasoon, lokhandi aanee dhairyavar bharavasa thevun, tyala pahane khadatar asave... sinetane dilelya aadeshanusar hukumshaha vijay sajra karat asey, jyamadhye aataparyantche sarvottam pradarshan tabyat ghetalelya kavchadvare dile jaat asey. mhanoon roman lokanni devancha sanman karnyasathi tyanchya shatrunchya bhavya shastrancha vapar keela; tarr campanion, tyanchya abhimanamule aanee samniteschya dveshamule, tyanchya mejavanimadhye tyanna manoranjan denanya gladiatorna yaa paddhatinusar susajj kele aanee tyanna samnitesche naav dile.
romchya swatachya gladiatorial spardha sumare 40 varshannantar suru jhalya. campanionankadun udhar ghetalela sumnite haah gladiator prakaranpaiki sarvat juna prakar hota aanee jyaa modelver nantarche varg aadharit hote. vanshik purvajanvar aadharit asalelya kiman teen gladiator varganpaiki ("roman gladiator prakaranchi yadee") sumnite gladiator heey pahile hote; itar udaharane hotee gauls aanee thracian. heey gladiator swakshari yuddh upkaranansah aanee romne jinkalelya vanshik gatanchya marshal shailit ladhale, asha prakare roman khelanchya upahasatmak vatavaranasathi tyanchi srot sanskruti vaparali. konatyahi vishisht prakarchya ladhatisathi ladhanare gladiator heey tyaa vanshik parshvabhumiche asane aavashyak nahee; theliphus navachya gladiatorcha thadge haah too sumnite mhanoon ladhala parantu too kharokharach eka thracian hota heey laksh vedhoon ghenyasathi savadh aahe.
roman kalakrutinmadhye sumnite gladiators barechada disatat. gelya kahee varshant itar gladiator varganna rostermadhye samavisht karnyat aale aanee yapaiki kahinni samaan upkarane, visheshtah plum helmetcha vapar keela, jyamule samnite sakaratmakpane olakhanyatil adachani vadhalya. roman prekshak jarr adhik judd shastrasajj aanee bakhtarband asateel tarr gladiators adhik mardani aanee sanmananiy asalyache manat asat. asha prakare, judd prakaranpaiki eka asalele sumnite heey eka tivra swarupasah eka prabhavi drushya hote. sumnite haah 'retearius' viruddha ubha rahnara pahila gladiator asoo shakato, eka gladiator joou eka machchimaranchya upkarananni ladhala aanee jyala tyachya halakya shastrastranmule stripurush mhanoon pahile gele. tyanusar, kahee 'ritiyari' neey tyanchi sthitee sudharanyasathi sumnite mhanoon prashikshan ghetale asave. aayatakruti dhaal aanee talvarine ladhanare, jase qee 'uttejak', asey mhatale jaat hote qee teey 'sumnite paddhatine sashastr' hote. asha gladiator heey gladiatoria khelanchya shevataparyant lokpriy rahile.
sumnite gladiator heey suruvatichya shahee kalaparyant roman granthanmadhye (roman likhanat bahudha ullekh kelele gladiator) anekada disatat. augustuschya karkirdit jevha samnium romcha mitra banala tevha saminitechya bajoone gelyachi shakyata aahe. khyan sumnites roman samajat purnapane ektrit jhaale, tevha tyanchyavar aadharit gladiator nivrutt jhaala. yaa velee, "hoplomachus", "mermillo" aanee "secuter" asey samaan varg pratham granthanmadhye disatat. asey disate qee sumnite yaa varganmadhye visheshikrut jhaala, jaree heey konatya margane ghadale heey aspasht aahe. sumnite aanee tyache uttaradhikari heey serve eka padchadhyachya talvarine aanee dhalane ladhale. keval spasht vaishishtye ashee aahet qee 'secuter' jawaljawal keval jaali aanee apghat chalavanaya 'retearius' shhee ladhala aanee 'hoplomachus' neey unch dhaal vaparali.
shastre aanee kavach.
jaree ekach vargache vaiyaktik gladiator mothya pramanat vegvegalya sadhananni ladhu shakat asale, taree sarvasadharanpane, sumnite samaniyamchya yoddhyanchya susajjatemadhye ladhalah eka lahan talwar ("gladius"), eka aayatakruti dhaal ("scootum (dhaal)"), eka chikanmati ("aukriya") aanee shirastran. shirastranala eka shikhar, eka kinara, eka mukhavata aanee eka zot ("galia") hota; yaa shevatchya ghatakane "eka bhavya swaroop" dile. sumnitechi chikanmati davya payavar ghatali jaat asey aanee gudghyachya agadi khalee pohochat asey. too chamdyapasun banavala jaat asey aanee kadhikadhi dhatuchi kathinyahi asate. tyane ujavya ghotyavar ghotyachi pattihi ghatali hotee. samnaitchya talvarichya bahoola eka haat rakshak ("manica") sanrakshit karat asey; bahutek gladiatorsathi hii eka samanya upkarane bunley. talwar heey sumniteche sarvat samanya shastra hote ('gladiator' haah shabd lattin 'gladius', 'talwar' pasoon aala aahe), parantu kahinni tyaeivaji bhalene ladhalyache disate.