marqa manke

marqa (yantrane vachanyayogya soochi) haah pustake, dii. vhee. dii. aanee digital sansadhane yasarkhya granthalayanni soochibaddha kelelya vastoonchya yantrane vachanyayogya varnanasathi digital swarupancha eka manak sanch aahe. sanganakikrut granthalay soochi aanee granthalay vyavasthapan softwarene tyanchya soochi nondi udyog-vyapi mankanusar, mhanje marknusar sanrachit karane aavashyak aahe, jenekarun granthasuchichi mahitee sangankanmadhye muktapane samayik kelee jaau shakel. granthasuchichya nondinchi rachana jawaljawal sarvatrikpane marqa manakanche anusaran karate. itar manke markchya sanyogane kaam karatat, udaharanarth, anglo-american catalogging niyam (aii. aii. see. aar.)/sansadhan varnan aanee pravesh (aar. dii. aii.) marqa nond sanrachanet granthasuchi deta tayar karnyasathi margdarshak tattve pradan karatat, tarr aantarrashtriy manak granthasuchi varnan (aay. ess. bii. dii.) marqa nondi pramanit, manav-vachaniy swarupat pradarshit karnyasathi margdarshak tattve pradan karate.
itihas.
library auph congressobat kaam kartana, american sanganak shastradnya henriate evram yanni 1965 teey 1968 darmyan marqa vikasit kele, jyamule sangankadware vachata yenyajogya aanee granthalayanmadhye samayik karata yenyasarkhya nondi tayar karane shakya jhaale. 1971 paryant, marqa swaroop heey granthasuchichya mahitichya prasarasathiche amerikeche rashtriy manak banale hote. done varshannantar teey aantarrashtriy manak banale. jagbharat markchya anek aavrutya vaparat aahet, tyapaiki sarvat pramukh mhanje marqa 21, jee 1999 madhye yoochya susanvadamule tayar karnyat aalee.ess. aanee canadian marqa swaroop aanee unimark. yunimarkchi dekhbhal aantarrashtriy granthalay sanghatana aanee sansthanchya mahasanghachya (aay. eff. ell. aii.) kayamswarupi unimark samitidvare kelee jaate aanee europemadhye tyacha mothya pramanat vapar keela jaato. 
marqa marqa manakanchya kutumbat aata granthasuchichya nondinchya swarupavyatirikt, adhikrut nondi, dharan nondi, vargikaran velapatrak aanee samudayik mahitisathiche swaroop samavisht aahe.
rachana aanee kshetrache padnam nondwa.
marqa manke marqa nondinche teen pailu paribhashit karatatah pratyek nondinmadhil kshetrachi padnam, nondinchi rachana aanee nondinchich vastavik samagri.
kshetrachi padey.
marqa nondinmadhil pratyek kshetra, lekhakache varnan asalelya vastubaddal, udaharanarth lekhak, shirshak, prakashak, tarikh, bhasha, madhyam prakar ii. vishisht mahitee pradan karate. jevha sangananachi shakti qamee hotee aanee jaaga maulyavan hotee, tevha too pahilyanda vikasit karnyat aala asalyane, marqa nondinmadhil pratyek kshetra olakhanyasathi eka sadha teen ankee sankhyatmak code (001-999 pasoon) vaparato. markney feeled 100 hii ekhadya kamachi prathamik lekhak mhanoon, feeled 245 hii shirshak mhanoon aanee feeled 260 hii prakashak mhanoon vyakhya kelee aahe.
fakt ekach akshar kinwa sankhya padnam vaparoon, pudhe, 08 vareel kshetra upkshetranmadhye vibhagale jaatat. udaharanarth, 260 heey pudhe prakashanachya thikanasathi 'aaa', prakashakachya navasathi 'buub' aanee prakashanachya tarkhesathi 'qa' yaa upkshetrat vibhagale gele aahe.
nond rachana.
marqa nondi samanyatah dvisangi files mhanoon sangrahit aanee prasarit kelya jaatat, sahasa anek marqa nondi ekach filemadhye ekatra jodalya jaatat. pratyek nondichi rachana paribhashit karnyasathi marqa aay. ess. oo. 2709 manak vaparato. yamadhye pratyek nondichi suruvat aanee shevat kuthe hoto heey darshavinyasathi eka chinhak, tasech pratyek nondichya suruvatila varnancha sanch samavisht aahe, joou nonditil kshetre aanee upkshetre shodhanyasathi eka nirdeshika pradan karato.
2002 madhye, library auph congressne marqa recordschee rachana eka paryayi reecord rachana mhanoon vikasit kelee, jyamule marqa records ex. emm. ell. madhye darshavile jaau shakatat; fields tashach rahatat, parantu tee fields ex. emm. ell. markapmadhye recordmadhye vyakt kelee jaatat. granthalaye samanyatah tyanchya nondi web sevedware markxml mhanoon ughad karatat, bahutekda ess. aar. yuu. kinwa oo. oo. aay.-pii. emm. etch. manakanche palan karatat.
samagri.
marqa granthasuchitil vastuvishayichi mahitee encode karate, tyaa vastoochya samgribaddalchi mahitee nahee; yacha arth too metadeta prasaran manak aahe, samagri manak nahee. pratyek marqa kshetrat catalogger thevato tee vastavik samagri samanyatah marqa mankandware paribhashit kelelya mojkya nishchit kshetranvyatirikt markchya bahereel mankandware niyantrit aanee paribhashit kelee jaate. udaharanarth, sansadhananche varnan aanee pravesh, pustake aanee itar vastunchi bhautik vaishishtye kashee vyakt kelee pahijet heey paribhashit karate. library auph congress vishay shirshake (ell. see. ess. etch.) hii kamachya mukhya vishay samagriche varnan karnyasathi vaparlya jaanarya adhikrut vishay sandnyanchi yadee aahe. soochibaddha karnyache itar niyam aanee vargikaran velapatrak dekhil vaparale jaau shakatat.
marqa swaroop.
march 21.
21 vya shatkasathichya mool marqa reecord swarupachi punarnirdharan karnyasathi aanee aantarrashtriy samudayasathi teey adhik sulabh karnyasathi marqa 21 chee rachana karnyat aalee hotee. marqa 21 madhye khaleel paach prakarchya mahitisathi swaroop aaheth granthasuchi swaroop, pradhikaran swaroop, dharan swaroop, samudayik swaroop aanee vargikaran mahitee swaroop. sadhya british granthalay, european sanstha aanee united states aanee canadatil pramukh granthalay sansthanni march 21 chee yashasviritya amalbajavani kelee aahe.
marqa 21 haah united states aanee canadian marqa swarupanchya (yu. ess. marqa aanee cann/marqa) sanyojanacha parinam aahe. marqa 21 heey niso/ency manak z39.2 varr aadharit aahe, jeey vividh software utpadananchya vaparkartyanna ekmekanshi sanvad sadhanyas aanee detachi devanghevan karnyas anumati dete.
marqa 21 done varn sanch vaparnyas parvanagi dete, ektar marqa-8 kinwa yuu. tii. eff-8 mhanoon encode kelele unicode. marqa-8 heey aay. ess. oo. 2022 varr aadharit aahe aanee hibru, cyrillic, arabi, greek aanee purv ashiyai lipi vaparnyas parvanagi dete. yuu. tii. eff.-8 swarupat marqa 21 yunikodware samarthit serve bhashanna parvanagi dete.
markxml.
marqa ex. emm. ell. hii ex. emm. ell. yojana aahe jee marqa 21 chya samanya mankanvar aadharit aahe. marxml heey congresschya granthalayane vikasit kele hote aanee granthasuchi mahitee samayik karane aanee tyat jaalebaddh pravesh sulabh karnyache sadhan mhanoon teey aanee itaranni sweekarle. vividh pranalindware vishleshan karane sope asalyane teey ektrikaran swaroop mhanoon vaparale jaau shakate, kaaran teey metalib sarkhya software packagesmadhye aahe, jaree teey package teey vistrut dii. tii. dii. tapashilanmadhye villin karate.
marksmlchya prathamik rachana uddishtanmadhye khaleel goshtincha samavesh hotah
bhavishyakal.
marqa swarupanche bhavishya haah granthalayanmadhye kahee pramanat vadacha vishay aahe. ekikade, sathavan swaroop khoopach guntaguntiche aahe aanee kalbahya jhalelya tantradnyanavar aadharit aahe. dusarikade, granularitychya samatulya patalisah konatehi paryayi granthasuchi swaroop nahee. hajaro vaiyaktik granthalayanmadhil kotyavadhi marqa nondi (ektya oo. see. ell. see. sanghataneshi sambandhit 50,000,000 peksha jaast nondinsah) jadatva nirman karatat. library auph congressne granthasuchi aarakhada upkram (bibframe) suru keela aahe, jyacha uddesh marksathi eka badal pradan karane aahe jeey adhik sookshmata pradan karate aanee anek catalogmadhye vyakt kelelya detacha punha vapar karane sope karate. 2013 pasoon suru jhalelya oo. see. ell. see. chya sanshodhanane worldcatmadhye asalelya 40 kotee marqa nondinmadhye (2018 chya suruvatiparyant) granthalayanni vividh marqa ghatakancha kassa vapar keela aahe yache tapshilvar tapshilvar mahitee ughad kelee. marqa swarupanche vyavasthapan marqa sukanu gatadware kele jaate, jyala marqa sallagar samiticha sallah deela jaato. markmadhil badalansathiche prastav marqa sallagar samitikade sadar kele jaatat aanee american library association (aii. ell. aii.) chya hivalyachya madhyat aanee aii. ell. aii. chya varshik baithakanmadhye sarvajanikaritya charcha kelee jaate.

