pakad

grip ('grow-pii' prathine eae sarkhe) haah eka jivanu nucleotide vinimay ghatak aahe joou prathine dumadanyachya yantrasamagrichya niyamanasathi tasech ushnatechya dhakkyachya pratisadasathi mahattvacha aahe. heey eka ushnata-utsarjaniy prathin aahe aanee tanavachya kalat teey ughad jhalelya prathinanna peshidravyat jamaa honyapasoon rokhate. peshidravyamadhye ughadya prathinanchya sanchayamule peshi mrutyula samore jaau shakatat.
shodh.
grip haah eka nucleotide vinimay ghatak aahe joou sanshodhakanni 1977 madhye pahilyanda shodhala hota, jee jivanuchya swatachya pratikruti yantranela hyjack karoon jivanunna sankramit karnara vishanu jivanu λ chaa prasar karnyasathi aavashyak prathine mhanoon 'escherichia kolai' madhye. anuvanshik padada vaparoon, sanshodhakanni eae madheel kahee januke baher kadhali. kolai "aanee nantar jivanu pratikruti banavanyas saksham aahet qee nahee yachee chachani kelee, grap prasarasathi mahattvapoorn asalyache aadhalun aale. tevhapasoon, serve jivanunmadhye aanee aarkiyamadhye jethe dunnuck aanee danaj asatat tethe grap olakhale gele aahe.
grapchi sphatik rachana 1997 madhye 2.8 angstromwar nishchit karnyat aalee aanee grapla eka homodimer mhanoon olakhale gele jeey "dii novo" prathine dumadanyat guntalele ushma-shock prathine, danakala bandhate. gripchi rachana nishchit karane mahattvache hote kaaran tyane danakchya nucleotide bandhan kshetrat nucleotide vinimay ghatakancha parasparkriya darshavili.
rachana.
karyatmak kshetra.
grap homodymerchi teen bhinn kshetre aaheth
bandhan heey sanrachanatmak badal ghadavun aanate.
gripchya nikatvarti β-patrakala danakchya aay. aay. bii. kshetrashi bandhalyamule nucleotide bandhan fatache 14° bahya paribhraman hote, jyamule nucleotide edenine aanee raiboj ringshee teen bajuchya sakhalyanche bandhan viskalit hote. haah sanrachanatmak badal danakala bandpasoon khulya sanrachanemadhye badalato aanee bandhani fatyatoon aii. dii. pii. sodanyas anumati deto.
karya.
nucleotide vinimay ghatak.
nucleotide vinimay ghatak hii prathine aahet jee adenosine triphosphate (aii. tii. pii.) chey bandhan sulabh karnyasathi adenosine diaphosphate (aii. dii. pii.) sodanyas utprerit karatat. aii. tii. pii. madhye teen phosphet gut asatat aanee phosphet gatanpaiki eka kadhoon takalyane urja sodali jaate jee pratikriyes chalana denyasathi vaparali jaate. phosphet gut kadhoon takalyane aii. tii. pii. teey aii. dii. pii. qamee hote. grip haah eka nucleotide vinimay ghatak aahe jyamule 'dii novo' prathine dumadanyat mahattvache asalele heat shock prathine, danakmadhun baddh aii. dii. pii. sodate. dii. aine. aii. keey., tyachya khulya rachnet, aii. tii. pii. laa qamee aakarshanasah bandhate aanee ughadya prathinansathi tyacha vegwan vinimay darr asato. ekada dii. aine. aii. jee., eka saha-capron, dii. aine. aii. see. madhye ughad prathine aanate, tevha prathine dumadane sulabh karnyasathi aii. tii. pii. chey aii. dii. pii. madhye hydrolyse kele jaate. yaa tappyavar, dii. aine. aii. pii. complexes sthir sanrachanet aahe aanee dii. aine. aii. keey. laa bandhanyasathi, tyachi rachana badalanyasathi aanee dii. aine. aii. keey. chya aine-terminal atpage domenmadhun aii. dii. pii. sodanyasathi gripchi aavashyakta asate. ekada adp chakratoon mukt jhaala qee too chaloo thevu shakato.
gatishastra.
grap aanee danakchya nucleotide bandhanatil phaat yanchyatil parasparkriya 1 nm (kshanik gatishastra vaparoon sakriy rachnedarmyan moolyankan) aanee 30 nmchya kedee (prushthbhagavaril plasmon anunadadvare nishkriy rachnevar aadharit) darmyanchya kds majboot asate. haah qamee pruthakkaran sthirank soochit karato qee grap sahajpane danakashi bandhala jaato. dii. aine. aii. pii. laa grapche bandhane dii. aine. aii. keey. sathee aii. dii. pii. chey aakarshan 200 patinni mothya pramanat qamee karate aanee nucleotide sodanyachya darala 5000 patinni gatee dete. hii prakriya danakdware ughadalelya prathinanche "dii novo" dumadane sulabh karate.
prathine dumadane.
danakmadhun thurr sodanyatahi grapchi mahattvachi bhoomika aahe. gripcha avyavasthit aine-terminal pradesh danakchya thurr bandhan fatashi bandhanyasathi spardha karato. sanshodhakanni tyachya sanrachanatmak kshetranche karya olakhanyasathi gripche parivartan kele. utparivartit grip, tyachya avyavasthit aine-terminal kshetrashivay, ajunahi danakchya nucleotide binding fatyas bandhanyas aanee sanrachanatmak badalas pravrutt karnyas saksham aahe, tathapi, thurr sodale jaanar nahee.
thermocensor.
grip haah ushmashka prathin asalelya danaksathi eka nucleotide vinimay ghatak aahe, tyachi kriya kriya tapmanasah qamee kelee jaate. jivashastrat, α-helisesache ulat karata yenyajoge ulgadane 35°seey. pasoon 50°seey. chya madhyabindu tii. emm. saha suru hote, heey ulgadane grapchya sanrachanatmak akhandatevar parinam karate aanee gripche nucleotide bandhan fatashi bandhan rokhate, hii ghatakache chakrachalan aanee ushnatechya tanavachya darmyan tyanantarchya aii. tii. pii. kharch maryadit karnyasathi eka mahattvachi sharirik bhoomika bajavate. danakche aushnik niyaman prathinanche dumadane mandavate aanee uchch tapmanat peshidravyat ughadaleli prathine jamaa honyapasoon rokhate.
jivanu-rogachi λ pratikruti.
fages λ pratikrutitil tyachya bhoomikesathi gripchi olakh pahilyanda karnyat aalee. jee jee jee rupantarit kelee gelee aahe jenekarun tee karyatmak nasel, tee fages λ pratikruti "inn vivo" laa pratibandhit karate aanee pratikruti "inn vitro" mothya pramanat qamee karate. "inn vitro' madhye danakchi atiprakashana grapshivay fages λ pratikruti punarprapt karoo shakate. fages λ pratikrutikaranat gripchi pramukh bhoomika pratikrutikaranchya ugamsthani aahe, dii. aine. aii. bii. aanee itar pratikruti ghatakanchya ektritatenantar, grip dii. aine. aii. keey. saha parasparsanvadvare dvidishatmak dii. aine. aii. shithil karnyas sulabh karate.
niyam.
pratilekhan.
archaea genomemadhe, grapsathiche januk heey danaksathichya janukachya varchya bajula sthit asate, jeey danajsathichya janukachya varchya bajula asate. yaa teen prathinanpaiki, keval grapchya pravartak bhagat sampoorn taata bandhan petty aanee varchya bajula ushnata-pratisadatmak bandhan sthal asate. yavarun asey soochit hote qee, aarkiyamadhye, hii teen januke ekach velee lipyantarit kelee jaatat.
eae madhye. kolai, "jee. aar. pii. chey pratilekhan aar. aine. aii. polymerasechya ushma-aaghat vishisht upghatkala bandhun niyantrit kele jaate, σ32. sharirik paristhitit, σ32 haah danak aanee dnajshi parasparkriya karoon nishkriyatechya madhyamatoon khalchya staravar thewala jaato, tyanantar protiejdware tyacha tyacha hoto. tathapi, ushnatechya dhakkyachya velee hii prathine σ32 shhee parasparkriya karoo shakat naheet aanee tyala ksharanasathi lakshya karoo shakat naheet. mhanoon, ushnatechya dhakkyachya velee, σ32 ushnatechya dhakkyachya prathinanchya pravartak pradeshashi bandhale jaate aanee yaa janukancha jalad pravesh hoto.
itar jaivik pranali.
eukariot samarupata.
sacharomysis serevisi" madhye, grip homolog, emm. jee. eae. 1, mitochondriamadhye aadhalato. emm. jee. eae. 1 haah eka nucleotide vinimay ghatak aahe joou mitochondrial patalanvar prathinanna shuttle karnyasathi mahattvacha aahe aanee prathine dumadatana, too danakchya yeast homologshi sanvad sadhato. emm. jee. eae. 1 chee thermocensorsarkhich bhoomika aahe. yeastmadhye yeastmadhye aanee aanee yasah atirikt grip samarupata asatat. manavanmadhye, mitochondrial organelsmadhye grip-sarkhe 1 (jee. aar. pii. ell. 1) prathine asatat.
eukariotic peshinmadhye, anek atirikt eukariotic grip homolog asatat. visheshtah pishavi kutumbatil sadasya, pishavi 1 heey ushma shock prathine 70kda (etch. ess. pii. 70) sathee mukhya nucleotide vinimay ghatak aahet, jeey danakche eukariotic samatulya aahe. eukeriotsmadhil ushma-aaghat prathinanshi parasparkriya parasparkriya itar nucleotide vinimay ghatakanmadhye, ess. ess. eae. 1 pii., siil 1 pii., hiip aanee etch. ess. pii. bii. pii. 1. heey eukariotic nucleotide vinimay ghatak heey serve ushma-aaghat prerak aahet, yacha arth teey peshiche ughad jhalelya prathinanchya ektrikaranapasun sanrakshn karnyasathi jee. aar. pii. mhanoon samaan karya karatat. heey nucleotide vinimay ghatak nehmi tyanchya sambandhit ushma-shock prathinanchya nucleotide bandhan fatachya up-domain aay. aay. bii. shhee sanvad sadhatat. nucleotide vinimay ghatakache nucleotide bandhan fatashi bandhan aanee khulya sanrachanekade valane heey procariots aanee eucariots darmyan sanrakshit kele jaate.
vanaspati samarupata.
vanaspatinmadhye, chloroplastmadhye see. jee. eae. 1 aanee see. jee. eae. 2 heey grip homolog aadhaltat. see. jee. eae. 1 madhye done splies isophorm aahet jeey aine-terminalmadhye 6 amino aesidmadhye bhinn aahet, isophorm see. jee. eae. eae heey see. jee. eae. 1aii peksha 6 nucleotides lamb aahet. ushnata-shock prathinanshi spardhatmak bandhanadware thurr sodanyasathi heey aine-terminal kshetra mahatvache aahe. heey serve vanaspati nucleotide vinimay ghatak see. eff. ess. see. 70, dii. aine. aii. see. chey vanaspati samarupata yanchyashi thet sanvad sadhatat. teey ushnatesathi utsarjit karata yenyajoge aahet, tathapi, 43°seey. varr, teey peshiche ughadya prathinanchya sanchayapasun sanrakshn karnyasathi grapaitke prabhavi naheet.
rogat bhoomika.
jivanujanya rogjanan.
enterococci heey jivanu aahet jeey samanyatah manavansah pranyanchya jatharantriy margat aadhaltat. heey jivanu eka biophilm tayar karoo shakatat, joou prushthbhagala jodalela jivanuncha thurr aahe. enterococcal biophilm heey rugnalay aanee shastrakriyechya thikani prachalit aahe, cathetershee sambandhit 25 takke sansargansathi teey jababdar aahe, epical periodontitis asalelya 50 takke mulanni bharalelya datanmadhye aadhalate aanee itar jakhmanpasun vegale kele jaau shakate. grip heey 'enterococcus facilis' aanee 'enterococcus facium' chya genomemadhe aadhalate aanee samanyatah rugnalayin settingsmadhye vaparlya jaanarya plastic polymer polystyrene tubeshey enterococcal biophilm jodanisathi mahatvache aahe.
streptococcus piogens' haah gut eka jivanu aahe joou strape ghasa aanee impetigos samanya sansargas karanibhoot tharoo shakato, parantu jivghenya sansargasathi dekhil jababdar aahe. sansargachya darmyan, grip heey "streptococcus" jivanunna grasni upakala peshinna chikatoon rahnyas madat karate. streptococcus" madheel grip laleteel antarjan prolin-samruddha prathinanshi bandhale jaate, jyamule jivanu yajmanala chikatoon rahoo shakatat.

