halavale nasalele chalke

unmoved mover () kinwa prime mover () hii eka sankalpana aahe jee aristotalne vishvatil serve halchalinche prathamik kaaran (kinwa pahile kaaran nasalele kaaran) kinwa "mover" mhanoon vikasit kelee aahe. navat antarbhut aahe tyapramane, itar goshti halatat, parantu konatyahi purv krutidvare swatah halavalya jaat naheet. tyachya 'tattvamimansa' chya 12 () yaa pustakat, aristotalne naan naan vyaktiche varnan agadi sunder, avibhajya aanee keval paripoorn chintanah aatm-sankalpanecha vichar karnara asey kele aahe. too yaa sankalpanechi tulana sakriy buddhishi dekhil karato. yaa abhijat sankalpanechi mule pracheen greek purv-socretic tattvadnyanchya vishvashastriy andajanmadhye hotee aanee madhyayugeen tattvadnyan aanee dharamshastrat tee atyant prabhavshali aanee vyapakpane aakarshit jhaali. seent. udaharanarth, thomas aquinas yanni, yaa thikanchya naan halavalelya chalkabaddal tapshilvar mahitee dilee.
pahile tatvadnyan.
bhautikshastra" chya chya pustakamadhye aanee "tattvamimansa" chya chya pustakat, aristotal assa yuktivad karato qee eka amar, aparivartaniy astitva asale pahije, jeey shevati vivekpurn jagatil serve purnata aanee suvyavasthesathi jababdar aahe ".
bhautikshastra" (viii-4-6) madhye aristotle samanya badal dekhil spasht karnyat "aashcharyakarak adachani" aadhaltat aanee chaar karananmule spashtikaran denyachya tyachya drushtikonachya samarthanarth, tyala "thodishi tantrik yantrana" aavashyak hotee. yaa "yantrasamagri" madhye sambhavyata aanee vastav, samarupata, vargancha siddhant aanee "eka dhadsi aanee manoranjak yuktivad, qee badalachya ughad astitvachya pahilya karanacha, eka achambit chalakacha, jyache aavashyak astitva gatichya jagachya avirat kriyakalapanna aadhar dete, assa samajuti aavashyak aahe", yancha samavesh hoto. aristotalche 'pahile tattvadnyan' kinwa 'tattvamimansa' ('bhautikshastranantar'), mukhya prerak asalelya tyachya vishisht dharamshastrala, eka swatantra daivi shashvat aparivartaniy abhautik padarth mhanoon vikasit karate.
khagoliy goal.
khagoliy golanchya eksaman golakar halchalinmule halchalinmule shastriy grahanchya spasht bhatkantiche samanya spashtikaran denyasathi aristotalne nidaschya eudoxusche bhaumitik model sweekarle. modelmadhil kshetranchi sankhya badaloo shakat hotee (47 kinwa 55), tarr aristotalchya etherchya aanee kshamata aanee vastavabaddalachya vruttat pratyek kshetrasathi eka swatantra naan halnara chalakacha samavesh hota.
antim kaaran aanee prabhavi kaaran.
khagoliy pratimanat tyanche spasht karya asoonahi, naan halanare vahak heey antim kaaran hote, golanchya halchaliche eka karyaksham kaaran navhate; teey keval eka nirantar prerana hote aanee jaree antim kaaran asalyamule "tantotant" karyaksham karanasathi ghetale gele asale taree, spashtikaran purnapane teleological aahe.
aristotalche dharamshastra.
halanare naan firnare, jarr teey kuthehi asateel tarr, sthir sthir golakachya palikade, bahya riktata bharoon taktat asey mhatale jaat aseh
 
naan halanare vahak heey swatah, abhautik padarth (swatantra aanee vaiyaktik prani) asatat, jyanche konatehi bhag kinwa pariman nasate. tyamule, tyanna konatyahi aakarachya bhautik vastoo dhakaloon, khechoon kinwa takkar deuun halavane sharirikdrushtya ashakya asel. kaaran padarth haah, aristotalsathi, eka thurr aahe jyamadhye badalanyachi kshamata pratyakshat aanali jaau shakate, shashvat asalelya parantu sthir nasalelya astitvamadhye konatihi aanee serve kshamata pratyakshat aanali gelee pahije, kaaran serve prakarchya jivanasathi satat kriyakalap aavashyak aahe. kriyakalapanche heey abhautik swaroop bauddhik swarupache asale pahije aanee teey eksaman rahayache asel tarr teey sanvedanatmak aakalnavar avalambun asoo shakat nahee; mhanoon, shashvat padarthane keval swatacha vichar karnyacha aanee taranchya kshetrabaher astitvat rahanyacha vichar keela pahije, jithe aristotalsathi jaagechi kalpana dekhil paribhashit keleli nahee. qamee pranyanvar tyancha prabhav haah keval 'aakanksha kinwa ichcha' chaa parinam aahe aanee pratyek etheric khagoliy goal eksaman golakar gatidware, shakya titkya changlya prakare, halalelya vahakanpaiki ekache anukaran karato. pahila swarg, sthir sthir sarvat bahereel gola, mukhya vahak (pahile kaaran) yache anukaran karnyachya ichchhene halavala jaato, jyanchya sandarbhat, adhinastha vahakanna apghati avalambitva sosave lagate.
aristotalchya anek samkalinanni takrar kelee qee adnyani, shaktiheen dev asantoshkarak aahet. tathapi, heey eka asey jeevan hote jyala aristotalne utsahane eka sarvat irshyaspad aanee paripoorn, dharamshastracha avibhajya aadhar mhanoon manyata dilee. sampoorn nisarg shashvat naan naan vahakanchya prernevar avalambun asalyane, aristotal swargatil shashvat halchalinchi aadhyatmik aavashyakta sthapit karnyasathi chintit hota. pruthvivaril suryane kelelya hangami krutimulech nirmiti aanee bhrashtachar yaa chakranmule serve "naisargik" halchali karyaksham kaaran mhanoon nirman hotat. buddhimatta, "naus", kinwa jeey kahee teey aahe jeey nisargane aaplyavar rajya karate aanee aapale netrutva karate asey manale jaate aanee abhijat aanee daivi kaay aahe yachee jaaniv asane hii abhijat (chintan kinwa anumanatmak vichar, "theori") nusar sarvoch kriya aahe. haah sarvat shashvat, anandadayi, swayampurn upkram dekhil aahe; joou swatachya fayadhyasathi aahe. (rajkaran aanee yuddh yaulat, tyat aaplyala naan naan goshti karane samavisht nahee, tarr aaplya furasatichya velee aapan kahitari karato.) heey uddisht katekorpane manvi naheeh teey sadhya karane mhanje nashwar vicharannusar navhe tarr manavanmadhye asalelya amar aanee daivi goshtinusar jagane. aristotalchya matey, chintan haah ekmev prakarcha anandi upkram aahe joou devakade aahe ashee kalpana karane hasyaspad tharnar nahee. aristotalchya manasshastra aanee jivashastrat, buddhi haah aatma aahe (eudemonia dekhil pahaa).
jiovanni vastavanusar, pahila avichal prerak haah eka jiwant, vicharshil aanee vaiyaktik dev aahe, jyachyakade keval saiddhantik dnyan aahe kinwa sarvoch staravar aahe...keval swatahlach navhe, tarr serve goshti tyanchya karananmadhye aanee pahilya tattvanmadhye maheet aahet."
pahile kaaran.
tyachya 'bhautikshastra' chya 'iyatta VIII' yaa pustakat, aristotal badal kinwa gatichya kalpananchi tapasani karato aanee eka aavhanatmak yuktivadadvare heey darshavinyacha prayatna karato qee 'aadhi' aanee 'nantar' yaa keval kalpanesathi 'pahile tattva' aavashyak aahe. too assa yuktivad karato qee suruvatila, jarr brahmand astitvat aale asate, tarr tyachya pahilya halchalimadhye purvasthiti nasati; aanee parmenidesney mhatalyapramane, "shunyatoon kahihi yet nahee". nantar aristotle shrey dilela vishvashastriy yuktivad, asha prakare dev astitvat aahe assa nishkarsh kadhato. tathapi, jarr brahmandala suruvat jhaali asatee, tarr tyasathi eka karyaksham pratham kaaran aavashyak asel, hii kalpana aristotalne eka gambhir dosh darshavinyasathi ghetali hotee.
kiman eka shashvat naan halnara prerak astitvat asane aavashyak aahe, haah aristotalchya vishvashastriy yuktivadacha uddesh dainandin badalala pathimba dene haah aahe.
aristotalchya andajanusar, anant locomotive sakhalichi tatpurati vastavikta aanee sambhavyateshivay spashtikaran aavashyak aahe, jyachi suruvat kinwa shevat nahee asha shashvat vishvasathih eka achambit shashvat padarth jyasathi adim bhraman darroj firate aanee jyadvare serve sthaliy chakr chalavale jaatatah divas aanee ratra, varshache rutoo, ghatakanche parivartan aanee vanaspati aanee pranyanche swaroop.
padarth aanee badal.
aristotal padarthache varnan karoon suruvat karato, jyapaiki too mhanato qee teen prakar aaheth sanvedanshil, jeey nashwant, jeey bhautikshastratil aahe aanee shashvat, jeey "dusarya vidnyanache" aahe. too namood karato qee vivekpurn padarth badalnyayogya aahe aanee gunavatta aanee praman, nirmiti aanee vinash, vaadh aanee ghat, badal aanee gatee yasah anek prakarche badal aahet. jevha ekhadi sthitee tyachya viruddha kahitari banate tevha badal hotoh mhanje jeey astitvat aahe teey pratyakshat astitvat yete (sambhavyata aanee vastav pahaa). mhanoon, "ekhadi gosht [houu shakate], yogayogane, jee nahee, [aanee] serve goshti tyaa baher yetat jee aahe, parantu sambhavya aahe aanee pratyakshat nahee."jyadvare kahitari badalale jaate teey halavanare aahe, jeey badalale jaate teey vishay aahe aanee jyaa swarupat teey badalale jaate teey swaroop aahe.
padarth haah aavashyakpane vegvegalya ghatakanpasun banalela asato. yacha purava assa aahe qee asha goshti aahet jyaa ekmekanpeksha vegalya aahet aanee serve goshti ghatakanpasun banalelya aahet. ghatak ektrit houn sammishra padarth tayar karatat aanee heey padarth ekmekanpeksha vegale asalyamule, vegvegale ghatak asane aavashyak aaheh aaheh shabdant, "buub kinwa aaa heey baa sarkhe asoo shakat nahee".
vahatukdaranchi sankhya.
tattvamimansa" yaa pustakachya shevati, aristotal eka aashcharyakarak prashna mandato, "aaplyala assa eka [prerak] kinwa ekapeksha jaast, aanee jarr nantarche asel tarr kitee" asey vicharayache aahe. aristotalne assa nishkarsh kadhala aahe qee serve vahakanchi sankhya vegvegalya halchalinchya sankhyeitaki aahe aanee aapan ganiteey vidnyanacha vichar karoon heey nirdharit karoo shakato, jeey tattvadnyanashi sarvat samya aahe, mhanje.eae., khagolshastra. jaree ganitshastradnya halchalinchya sankhyevar bhinn asale taree, aristotle asey vatate qee aakashiy golakanchi sankhya 47 kinwa 55 asel. tarihi, tyane tyachya 'tattvamimansa' yaa pustakacha nishkarsh 'eliod' chya uddharanasah kadhalah 'anekancha niyam changla nahee; eka shasak tethe rahoo deey."
prabhav.
johnn bernet (1892) yanni nondavale
aristotalchya astitvachya tattvancha (vareel vibhag pahaa) encelmchya devavishayichya drushtikonavar prabhav padala, jyala tyane 'jyachi kalpana kelee jaau shakate tyapeksha mothe kahihi nahee."unselmla vatale qee dewala raag kinwa prem yasarkhya bhavna jaanvat naheet, parantu aaplya apoorn samajutidvare asey hott asalyache disun aale. astitvat nasalelya ekhadya goshtiviruddha 'astitva' chaa nyayniwada karnyachya visangatimule, kadachit devachya astitvasathichya tyachya prasiddha astitvashastriy yuktivadakade tyache laksh vedhale gele asave.
anek madhyayugeen tattvadnyanni nakaratmak gunadharmandware devachya dnyanaparyant pohochanyachya kalpanecha vapar keela. udaharanarth, aapan asey mhanoo naye qee dev haah shabdachya nehamichya arthane astitvat aahe; aapan fakt surakshitpane asey mhanoo shakato qee dev astitvat nahee. dev shahana aahe asey aapan mhanoo naye; parantu, aapan asey mhanoo shakato qee dev adnyani nahee (i.eae. kahee pramanat devamadhye dnyanache kahee gunadharm aahet). dev eka aahe asey aapan mhanoo naye; parantu, aapan asey mhanoo shakato qee devachya astitvat anekta nahee.
nantarchya anek jyoo, islami aanee khrishchan tattvadnyanni aristotalian dharamshastriy sankalpana swikarlya. pramukh jyoo tattvadnyanmadhye samuel ibn tibbon, mammonides aanee garsonides yancha samavesh hota. aajahi serve panthantil anek jyoo lock devabaddalche tyanche drushtikon mukhya pravahat manatat. aristotalian dharamshastracha prabhav asalelya islami tattvadnyanmadhye evisena aanee evero heey pramukh aahet. khristi dharamshastrat, aristotlene prabhavit kelele pramukh tatvadnya nihsanshaypane thomas aquinas hote. khristi dharmat purvi aristotelian prabhav hote (visheshtah enselm), parantu equinassne (jyala, yogayogane, evisena, evero aanee maimonaidsdware tyacha aristotelian prabhav aadhalala) tyachya swatachya sampoorn dharamshastrat vyapak aristotelian kalpana samavisht kelya. aquinas aanee jyaa vidvattapoorn khrishchan dharamshastrat too eka mahattvapoorn bhag hota, tyadvare aristotal haah teravya shatkat "shaikshanik dharamshastracha motha adhikar" banala aanee tyane khrishchan dharamshastravar prabhav padala, jeey vyapak aanee kholvar antarbhut jhaale. tathapi, ullekhaneey khrishchan dharmashastradnyanni, visheshtah khrishchan sudharkanchya pahilya pidhicha aanee visheshtah martin leuthercha, aristotelian dharamshastriy prabhav nakarla. tyanantarchya protestant dharamshastrat, aristotelian vichar protestant vidvattavadat patkan punha udayala aale.

