kaale gidhad

kaala gidhad (coragyps etratus), jyala american kaala gidhad, mexican gidhad, zopaylot, urubu kinwa galinazo asehi mhanatat, haah naveen jaagtik gidhad kutumbatil eka pakshi aahe jyachi vyapti ishanya united statesmadhun peru, madhya chiilii aanee dakshin americetil urugueparyant vistarleli aahe. jaree eka samanya aanee vyapak prajati asali taree, canadamadhye aanee dakshinekadil terra dell fuegoparyant changlya prakare prajnan rachana turkey gidhadapeksha tyache vitaran kahise adhik pratibandhit aahe. cathartidae kutumbatil asalelya 'coragyps' yaa vanshatil haah ekmev vidyaman sadasya aahe. naav aanee swaroop sarkhe asoonahi, hii prajati eurasian kaala gidhad, eka juna jaagtik gidhad, yaa acipitridae kutumbatil (jyamadhye garud, baaj, patang aanee harrier yasarkhya raptorcha samavesh aahe) yanchyashi sambandhit nahee. pranyanche mrutdeh (tyanchya udarnirvahacha mukhya srot) shodhanyat sahajatesathi, kaale gidhade uposhnakatibandhiy vankshetra aanee brazilian pantanelchya kahee bhaganvyatirikt, chaparal sarkhya vikhuralelya zadansah tulanene khulya bhagat rahatat. 
futalyavar pankhancha asalela kaala gidhad haah eka bhavya pakshi aahe, jaree gidhadasathi tulanene lahan asala taree, eka raptor asoo dya. tyala kaale pisare, eka pankh nasalela, rakhadi-kaala doke aanee maan aanee eka lahan, hukaleli choch aahe. hii serve vaishishtye safai karmchari mhanoon jivanache utkrantivadi rupantar aahet; tyanche kaale pisare halakya rangachya pakshyapeksha spashtapane swachchh rahatat, ughadya dokyachi rachana pranyanchya mrutdehanmadhye sahajpane khodanyasathi kelee gelee aahe aanee chikat keleli choch mansapasoon shareer swachchh karnyasathi bandhali gelee aahe. dokyachya pankhanchya anupasthitimule pakshi swachchh rahnyas aanee pranyanchya raktapasoon aanee sharirik dravpadarthanpasun (qamee-adhik pramanat) mukt rahnyas madat hote, jeey gidhadansathi samasyapradhan tharoo shakate aanee parjivi aakarshit karoo shakate; bahutek gidhad khallyanantar dharmikaritya snan karatat, jarr panyacha srot asel tarr. haah jalsrotacha naisargik kinwa manavnirmit srot asoo shakato, jase qee pravah kinwa pashudhanachya panyachi taakee.
kaala gidhad haah eka safai karnara aahe aanee too ganj khato, parantu undy, lahan sarpatanare prani kinwa lahan navjat prani (gura, kinwa harran, undeer, sase ityadi) dekhil khato.), jaree phaar kvachit. teey atyant kamkuvat, aajari, vruddha kinwa anyatha asurakshit pranyannahi sandhisadhu shikar kartil. manavavasti asalelya bhagat, teey kachara taknyachya thikani aanee teey kachyachya malvisarjan karate. tee ektar tichya tikshna drushticha vapar karoon kinwa itar (naveen jug) gidhadanche anusaran karoon tyache ann shodhate, jyanchya sarvanmadhye gaadh gandh aahe. pakshyanchya swar avyavacha-syrinxcha abhav-tyache ekmev swar mhanje grunt kinwa loow hisses. tee guhanmadhye, kadalya kadela asalelya khadakanchya crevassmadhye, mrut aanee pokal zadanmadhye kinwa shikarichya anupasthitit, ughadya jaminivar undy ghalate, samanyatah darvarshi done pille vadhavate. palak tyanchya pikatoon punarutpadan karoon tyanchya balanna poshan detat, pakshyansathi adviteey atirikt pachak avyav, atirikt ann sathavanyasathi vaparla jaato; tyanchya "arbhakachya sutrala", asha prakare, "peak dudh" mhanatat. americet, gidhad konatyahi prakare sthalantar karat nasatanahi tyala 1918 chya sthalantarit pakshi karar kayadyantargat kayadeshir sanrakshn milate. haah gidhad mayaa kodismadhyehi disala.
vargikaran.
american nisargshastradnya william bartrum yanni tyanchya 1791 chya 'bartrumchya pravas' yaa pustakat kalya gidhadabaddal lihile aahe, tyala 'gidhad attratus' 'kaala gidhad' kinwa 'carrian kavala' asey mhatale aahe. pranishastriy namkaranavaril aantarrashtriy aayogane bartramche kaam namkaran uddeshane nakarle aahe kaaran lekhakane dwipadi namkaran pranalicha satatyane vapar keela nahee. german pakshishastradnya johann mathuse bechstein yanni 1793 madhye johnn latham yanchya 'pakshyancha eka samanya saransh' yaa anuvadat tyach navacha vapar karoon yaa prajatiche aupcharik varnan kele. gidhad heey samanya naav lattin shabd 'vulturus' pasoon aale aahe, jyacha arth 'ashru' assa hoto aanee too tyachya khanyachya savayincha sandarbh aahe. yaa prajatiche naav, 'aatratas' mhanje 'kaale kapade ghatalele', lattin 'auter' 'nistej kaala' pasoon.
villotne 1816 madhye 'catherista' yaa jaatichi vyakhya kelee, aanee tyacha prakar 'see' mhanoon soochibaddha keela. urubu ". french nisargshastradnya emmanuel leey mout yanni tyachya sadhyachya vansh "coragyps" madhye ("see. urubu) 1853 madhye. isidor geophroy seent-hillayer yanna yapurvi lekhak mhanoon soochibaddha kele gele aahe, parantu tyanni konatehi adhikrut varnan prakashit kele nahee. yaa vanshanamala 'kavala-gidhad' assa arth aahe, jeey greek 'corax'/κοραx aanee sambandhit pakshyansathi 'jips'/γ′si chya aakunchanavarun aale aahe.
american pakshishastradnyanchya sanghatnene tyanchya tyanchya aavruttit villotche naav (catherista urubu) swikaranyapurvi suruvatila 'catherista atrata' heey naav vaparale. tyanchya chauthya aavruttiparyant tyanni sadhyache naav sweekarle hote.
kaala gidhad haah eka vansh aahe, jyane turkey aanee mothya aanee qamee pivalya dokyachya gidhadanna janm deela, jeey sumare 1 kotee 20 laakh varshanpurvi vegale jhaale.
martin lichtensteinne varnan kele aahe qee "see. aaa. 1817 madhye 'fottens', 'daad andian black verch' aanee charles lucien bonapart yanni 'see' chey varnan kele. aaa. brasiliansis, madhya aanee dakshin americetil, 1850 madhye lahan aakar aanee lahan pisanchya farkanchya aadhare. tathapi, heey siddha jhaale aahe qee teen upprajatinmadhil badal klinal aahe (mhanje, upprajatinmadhye konatehi vibhajan nahee) aanee mhanunach teey aata olakhale jaat naheet.
"aantarrashtriy pakshishastradnya sanghatnene (aay. oo. see.) 'kaala gidhad' heey adhikrut naav dile aahe. "american black virture" dekhil samanyatah vaparale jaate aanee 2007 madhye american ornithological societychya dakshin american vargikaran samiteene (sack) heey prajatiche adhikrut naav asanyacha prastav deela.
coragyps' chaa utkrantivadi itihas.
suruvatipasun teey playstocene uttaradhaparyant, kalya kalya eka pragaitihasik prajati, "see. oxidantalis', jyala 'playstocene black verch' kinwa kahee pramanat chukun 'western black verch' mhanoon olakhale jaate, heey sadhyachya prajatichya shreneet aadhalale. haah pakshi aakar vagalata aajchya kalya gidhadapeksha farsa vegala navhata; too kahee 10-15% motha hota aanee tulanene sapat aanee rund aakaracha hota. tyane jiwant pranyanpramanech paryavaraniy jaaga bharali parantu mothya pranyanna aahar deela aanee mageel himyugat aakarat ghat houn tyat vikasit jhalyache purvi manale jaat hote. tathapi, 2022 chya anuvanshik abhyasat 'see.' aadhalale. oxidantalis "kalya gidhadanchya dakshin american vanshamadhye gharate bandhale jaane;" see. auxidentalis 'sumare 400,000 varshanpurvi aadhunik kalya gidhadapasun vikasit jhaale hote aanee jevha tyane unchichya vatavaranat vasahat kelee tevha shariracha aakar motha aanee adhik majboot jhaala hota. "see. auxidentalis "haah manavanshi sanvad sadhalela asoo shakato; namshesh jhalelya prajatiche eka up jivashma haad pallio-indian teey prarambhik puratan (9000-8000 ii. sha. puu.) madhye oregonmadhil dalcejaval paach mail vegane sapadalele hote.
jivashma (kinwa up jivashma) kalya gidhadanna adhik mahitishivay plistocene kinwa alikadil prajatinna jababdar dharale jaau shakat naheeh jiwant pakshyamadhye aadhalanara samaan aakaracha farak tyachya mothya pragaitihasik sapekshamadhye dekhil hota. asha prakare, 1968 madhye, hildegard howardney mexican pakshyanna 'see' mhanoon vegale kele. see' yaa namankit upprajatichi rachana rachana, uttarechya durchya thikanchya (jase qee rancho laa briya) pakshyanchya ulat, 'oxidantalis mexicanus'. oo. oxidantalis ". dakshinekadil pakshi sadhyachya uttarekadil kalya gidhadanchya aakarache hote aanee keval tyanchya kahisha unch tarsometatorsus aanee chapate aanee rund notanmule vegale kele jaau shakatat aanee tarihi jivashma kuthe sapadale teey thikan mahit asel tarach teey nishchitpane olakhale jaau shakatat. plistocene aanee sadhyache kaale gidhade done kinwa adhik vanshanmadhye vibhaganyaivaji utkrantivadi satatya tayar karatat, kahinmadhye 'see' madheel plistocene varg samavisht aahe. attratus, jyala jatijanya abhyasanni pudhe pushti dilee aahe, jeey soochit karate qee teey dakshin american madhye eka vansh tayar karate. atratas. 
kyubachya playstocene uttaradhatil eka atirikt jivashma prajati, "see. seducts, "chey varnan 2020 madhye karnyat aale hote.
varnan.
kaala gidhad haah eka eka motha safai karnara aahe, jyachi lambi, pankhansah mojali jaate. uttar america aanee andies yetheel kalya gidhadanche vajan ushnakatibandhiy sakhal bhagatil lahan gidhadanmadhye teey asate. texasmadhye sarasari 50 gidhade aadhalale tarr venezuelamadhye sarasari 119 pakshi aadhalale. pankhanchya vistarit hadanche mojmap, lahan shepatiche mojmap aanee tulanene lamb tarsusche mojmap. tyache pisare pramukhyane chamakdar kaale asatat. doke aanee maan hii pankhahin asatat aanee tvacha gadad rakhadi aanee surkutya asaleli asate. dolhyachi bubul tapkiri asate aanee varchya jhakanavar papananchi ekach apoorn ola aanee khalchya jhakanavar done pankti asatat. paay rakhadi pandhare asatat, tarr payachi pudhil done bote lamb asatat aanee tyanchya payavar lahan jaali asatat.
nasika eka chhidrane vibhajit kelya jaat naheet, tarr tyaa chhidrit asatat; tyaa bajoone choch disate. pankh rund asatat pann tulanene lahan asatat. prathamik pankhanche tall pandhare asatat, jyamule pankhanchya kathachya khalchya bajula pandhara thipka tayar hoto, joou udatana disato. shepati lahan aanee chauras asate, jee dumadalelya pankhanchya kathavar kvachitach pohochate.
eka leucistic "see. 2005 madhye pinas, ikuaadormadhye attratus brasiliensis "aadhalun aale. tyat ekoon pandhare pisare hote, jyat fakt tarsus aanee shepati tasech kahee khalche pankh kaale hote. too albino navhata kaaran tyachya tvachecha rung samanya, gadad hota aanee too sadharanpane pisar asalelya sumare vees vyaktinchya kalpacha bhag hota.
vitaran aanee adhivas.
kalya gidhadamadhye jawalche arctic aanee neotropic vitaran aahe. tyachya shrenimadhye madhya-atlantic rajye, madhya-paschim united statesche sarvat dakshinekadil pradesh, dakshin united states, mexico, madhya america aanee dakshin amerikecha bahutek bhag yancha samavesh aahe. jaree tyachya parvatarangechya uttarekadil pakshyanna alp antar sthalantar karave lagat asale, taree too sahasa tyachya sampoorn shreneet kayamswarupi rahivasi asato aanee tyanchya shrenitil itar pakshyanna pratikool paristhitit sthanik halchalinna samore jaave lagoo shakate. dakshin americet, tyachi shreni peru, madhya chiilii aanee urugvayparyant pasarleli aahe. caribeanchya betanvar bhatkya mhanoonahi too aadhalato. tee jungle kinwa kumbharanchya bhagansah pasarleli mokali jameen pasant karate. ardra sakhal pradeshachi jangale, zudape aanee gavatal pradesh, panthal pradesh aanee daldalichi jameen, kurane aanee mothya pramanat kharab jhalelya purvichya jangalanmadhyehi heey aadhalate. sakhal pradeshanna pradhanya dett, too dongral bhagat kvachitach disato. too sahasa kumpan khamb kinwa mrut zadanvar udatana kinwa basalela disato.
paryavaran aanee vartan.
kaala gidhad annacha shodh ghetana unch udato, udatana tyache pankh aadve dharoon rahato. teey chhotya sphotanmadhye fadfadte jyanantar alp kalavadhisathi gliding hote. tyache pankh itake lamb naslyamule, tyache uddan itar gidhadanchya tulanet qamee karyaksham asate, jyamule pankhanche kshetra lahan hote. turkey raja tulanet, kaala gidhad uddanadarmyan tyache pankh adhik vela phadphadavto. jevha teey jawal yete kinwa tras dete tevha teey punha ugavate asey olakhale jaate, jeey shikarila pratibandh karnyas aanee tyache uddan vajan qamee karoon uddan karnyas madat karate. serve naveen jaagtik gidhadanpramanech, kaala gidhad anekada swatachya payanvar shauch karato, mull aanee/kinwa mutratil panyache bashpibhavan karoon swatahla thund karato, hii prakriya eurohydrosis mhanoon olakhali jaate. heey vatavaran nasalelya tarcy aanee payanmadhil raktavahinya thund karate aanee futalyavar euric esidmule payanna dorr lagate. tyat syrincs naslyamule, kalya gidhadamadhye, itar naveen jaagtik gidhadanpramanech, aavaj denyachi kshamata farach qamee asate. too samanyatah shant asato, parantu uttejit jhalyavar kinwa khayala detana too aavaj aanee aavaj karoo shakato. kaala gidhad ekatra yeto aanee mothya gatanmadhye rahato. jyaa bhagat tyanchi shreni aachchhadit hote, tyaa bhagat kaale gidhade turkey gidhadanchya gatanchya bajula mrut zadanchya ughadya fandyanvar rahatat. kaale gidhade samanyatah gatanmadhye chaara ghetat; kaale gidhade yanche kalap, samanyatah chaara ghetana ekte asalelya pratispardhi turkey gidhadala sahajpane mrutdehatoon baher kadhu shakatat.
turkey gidhadapramane, haah gidhad anekada pasarlelya pankhanchya sthiteet ubha asalyache disun yete. hii sthitee anek karye karate asey manale jaateh pankh korade karane, shareer garam karane aanee jivanu kadhoon takane. hetch vartan itar naveen jaagtik gidhade, junya jaagtik gidhade aanee saras yandware pradarshit kele jaate.
prajnan.
kalya gidhadanchya prajnan hangamachi vel teey jyaa akshanshavar rahatat tyanusar badalate. udaharanarth, americet floridatil pakshyanchi prajnan janevarichya suruvatilach suru hote, tarr ohayomadhil pakshyanchi prajnan samanyatah marchpurvi suru hott nahee. dakshin americet, argentinache aanee chiliche pakshi septemberpasoon undy ghalanyas suruvat karatat, tarr khandachya uttarekadil pakshi samanyatah octoberparyant vaat pahatat. dakshin americetil kahee lock tyahunahi nantar prajnan karatat-udaharanarth, trinidadmadhil kaale gidhade samanyatah novembarparyant suru hott naheet aanee ikuaadormadhil lock februvariparyant pratiksha karoo shakatat. jaminivar kelya kelya pranay vidhinantar jodya tayar hotatah anek narr, mandivar vartul rachatat aanee tyanche pankh anshatah ughade asatat aanee teey aapale doke odhatat aanee uchalatat. teey kadhikadhi premvivahasathi uddane karatat, diving karatat kinwa tyanchya nivadalelya gharatyachya jagevar ekmekancha pathlag karatat.
kaala gidhad tyachi undy jaminivar jangalatil bhagat, pokal lakud kinwa itar konatyahi pokalit, kvachitach jaminichya varchya bhagapeksha jaast thevato. teey samanyatah gharatyasathi konatehi sahitya vaparat nasale taree, gharatyachya sabhovatalacha bhag chamakdar rangeet plasticchya tukadyanni, kacheche tukade kinwa batalya jhakanasarkhya dhatuchya vastoonni sajavu shakate. klachacha aakar sadharanpane done undy asato, jaree heey eka teey teen paryant badaloo shakate. undy andakar asatat aanee sarasari mojmapanusar asatat. gulgulit, rakhadi-hiravi, nilee kinwa pandhari kavach mothya tokajaval lavender kinwa fikat tapkiri rangane badalatya prakare mitavale jaate kinwa thisul asate. aaee-vadil doghehi undy ubavatat, jee 28 teey 41 divasannantar ubatat. undy futalyavar, futalyavar turkey gidhad pillanchya ulat, lahan pillanna buffy daunane jhakale jaate. donhi palak gharatyachya thikani ann punha vadhavat gharatyanna khayala ghalatat. lahan mule done mahine gharatyat rahatat aanee 75 teey 80 divasannantar teey kushalatene udanyas saksham asatat. jaree racoon, kotis aanee colhey yasarkhya sastan pranyanna aadhalalyas undy aanee gharate sahajpane khalle jaatat, taree kalya gidhadancha shikar tulanene ashakya aahe. tyachya aakramakatemule aanee aakaramule, kahee shikari purnapane vadhalelya gidhadala dhoka nirman karoo shakatat. tathapi, vividh garud sangharshat gidhadanna maroo shakatat aanee gidhadapeksha kinchit lahan asalelya alankrut baaj-garudane dekhil praudh kalya gidhadanna tasech uttar americetil (mekokochya uttares) moolchya done garudanna shikar kele aahe.
aahar.
naisargik vatavaranat, kaala gidhad pramukhyane sadalelya shevalala khato. manavanni vastee kelelya bhagat, teey teey kachyachya safsafai karoo shakate, parantu undy, fale (pikaleli aanee kujaleli donhi), maase, shenn aanee pikalele/vighatit honare vanaspati sahitya dekhil ghete aanee navjat kinwa aksham sastan pranyanna maroo kinwa jakhami karoo shakate. itar gidhadanpramanech, teey ksharanchi vilhewat lavoon parisansthemadhye mahattvachi bhoomika bajavate, jeey anyatha rogache prajnan kshetra asel. kaale gidhad ektar najarene kinwa 'cathartes' vanshatil naveen jaagtik gidhadanchya magomag mrutdehaparyant jaaun ann shodhate. heey gidhade-turkey gidhad, qamee pivalya dokyacha gidhad aanee mothya pivalya dokyacha gidhad-mrut pranyanmadhye kshay honyachya suruvatipasun tayar honara vayoo ethyl mercaptoncha sugandh shodhun ghasatat. gandh shodhanyachi tyanchi vadhaleli kshamata tyanna jangalatil chhatrakhalil ganj shodhanyas anumati dete. kaale gidhade aahar ghetana aakramak asatat aanee mrutdehatoon kinchit mothya turkey turkey pathlag karoo shakatat.
kaale gidhad kadhikadhi pashudhan kinwa harran dekhil khatat. naveen jaagtik gidhadanchi hii ekmev prajati aahe jee guranchi shikar karate. tee kadhikadhi janm janm gayinna tras dete, parantu pramukhyane navjat vasaranchi, tasech kokra aanee dukaranchi shikar karate. tyachya pahilya kahee aathvadyant, eka vasar gidhadanna tyachya jawal yeu deil. gidhade eka gatamadhye vasarache jhund banavtat, nantar vasarachya dolhyanvar, kinwa nakavar kinwa jibhevar chikatatat. tyanantar vasarala dhakka basato aanee gidhad tyala thaar maratat.
kalya gidhadanna kadhikadhi vishranti ghet asalelya capibra aanee bairdchya tapir ("tapirus bairadi") pasoon bagai kadhoon khatana pahile gele aahe. heey gidhade gharatyanchya vasahatinmadhye lahan bagale aanee samudri pakshi marnyasathi olakhale jaatat aanee paliv badake, lahan pakshi, scunk, oposum, itar lahan sastan prani, sarade, lahan saap, tarun kasav aanee keetak khatat. malvisarjan karnyachya savayi asalelya itar pakshyanpramanech, kaala gidhad rogkarak sukshmajiv aanee tyanchya vishari padarthanna pratikar karato. anek yantrana yaa pratikarala spasht karoo shakatat. sukshmajivavirodhi ghatak yakrut kinwa jathar upkaladvare sravit kele jaau shakatat kinwa prajatinchya samanya sukshmajivanchya sukshmajivandvare tayar kele jaau shakatat.
kayadeshir sanrakshn.
united statesmadhil 1918 chya sthalantarit pakshi karar kayadyantargat, canadatil sthalantarit pakshyanchya sanrakshanasathichya kararadvare aanee meksikomadhil sthalantarit pakshi aanee khelatil sastan pranyanchya sanrakshanasathichya kararadvare tyala vishesh kayadeshir sanrakshn milate. americet parvangishivay kaale gidhade ghene, marane kinwa tyanchyakade thevane bekaydeshir aahe aanee kayadyache ullanghan kelyas 15,000 dollarsparyant dand aanee sahaa mahinyanparyant turungvasachi shiksha hote. aay. yuu. see. aine. chya laal yadinusar hii sarvat qamee chintechi prajati mhanoon soochibaddha aahe. loksankhya sthir asalyache disate aanee tee dhokyat asaleli prajati mhanoon samaveshachya umbarathyavar pohochali nahee, jyasathi daha varshant kinwa teen pidhyanmadhye 30 takkyanhun adhik ghat aavashyak aahe.
mansanshi asalele sambandh.
navjat guranchya shikarimule kalya gidhadala gurakhi gurakhi dhoka manla jaato. kalya gidhadanni tayar kelele themb zaade aanee itar vanaspatinna haanee pohochavu shakatat kinwa nasht karoo shakatat. bachav mhanoon, gidhade dekhil "eka tivra aanee nashkari ulatya punha vadhavtat."
pakshi havai vahatukichya surakshitatesathi dhoka tharoo shakato, visheshtah jevha too kachara takyanchya parisarat mothya sankhyene jamato-reo dii janeiro tomm jobim aantarrashtriy vimantalapramanech.
kalya kalya bandivasat thewale jaau shakate, jaree sthalantarit pakshi karar kayada keval jakhami jhalelya kinwa jangalat parat yeu naan naan pranyanchya babatitach yala parvanagi deto.
lokpriy sanskruti.
kaala gidhad vividh mayaa chitralipinmadhye mayaa sanketankanmadhye disato. too samanyatah ektar mrutyushi kinwa shikari pakshi mhanoon jodalela asato. gidhadcha gliff anekada manavanvar hallah kartana dakhavanyat aala aahe. yaa prajatimadhye raja gidhadasarkhe dharmik sambandh naheet. kahee gliffmadhye kalya raja ughadya nakpudya aanee hook keleli choch spashtapane disate, tarr kahee hii prajati asalyache manale jaate kaaran tee gidhadasarkhi asatat parantu tyat raja raja gathicha abhav asato aanee kalya rangane rangavaleli asatat.
lima, perumadhye kaale gidhade heey eka mahattvache sanskrutik prateek aahe.
heey gidhad done tapal tikitanvar disale aaheth 1990 madhye surinamche aanee 1994 madhye nikaraguache.
haah brazilchya football sangh flamengocha shubhankar aahe.

