
majee paksh tarun

ex part young, 209 yuu.ess. 123 (1908), heey united statesche sarvoch nyayalayatil eka prakaran aahe, jeey rajyane konatyahi federal kayadyachya viruddha kinwa sanvidhanachya viruddha kaam kele, tevha rajyachya sarvbhoum pratikarshakti asoonahi, unionchya rajyanchya vatine kaam karananya adhikadhyanviruddha federal nyayalayanmadhye khatala suru thevanyas parvanagi dete.
tathye.
minnesota rajyane tyaa rajyat railwaymarg kaay shulk aakaru shakatat yavar maryada ghalanare kayade manjur kele aanee ullanghan karnanyansathi dand aanee turungwasasah kathor dand thothavala. uttar prashant railwaychya kahee bhagdharkanni minnesota jilhyasathi united states circuit kortat khatala dakhal keela aanee asey mhatale qee chaudavya durustichya yogya prakriya kalamache tasech supt vanijya kalamache ullanghan karnare kayade asanvaidhanik aahet. bhagdharkanni kayadyache palan karnyapasoon rokhanyasathi railwaymarganwar khatala dakhal keela. tyanni edward tii. varr dekhil khatala dakhal keela. tarun, minnesotacha mahadhivakta, tyala kayadyachi amalbajavani karnyapasoon rokhanyasathi.
yangane assa yuktivad keela qee itar rajyanchya nagarikankadun federal nyayalayat khatala chalavanyas rajyanna manai karananya akaravya durusticha arth assa aahe qee nyayalayala yaa prakaranachi sunavani karnyache adhikarkshetra nahee. federal circuit nyayalayane ajunahi kayadyachi amalbajavani karananya tarunanviruddha aadesh jaaree keela. dusya divashi, yangane federal aadeshache ullanghan karoon, railway marganna kayadyache palan karnyas bhag padnyasathi minnesota rajya nyayalayat karyavahi dakhal kelee. nyayalayane tarunala tyachya krutee samajavun sanganyache aadesh dile aanee tyane tyachya akaravya durustichya davyacha punaruchchar keela. rajya nyayalayat minnesota kayadyachi amalbajavani karoon yangane federal nyayalayachya aadeshache ullanghan kele asey shodhun nyayalayane yangla avmanat tharavale. tarunala yoochya tabyat thevanyat aale.ess. marshal seva, aanee mhanoon tyane tyachya sutkesathi habeas corpusechya ritsathi united stateschya sarvoch nyayalayat yachika dakhal kelee.
muddah.
sarvoch nyayalayala yethe teen samasyanna samore jaave lagale. pahilya prashnat minnesota kayadyanchya ghatanatmaktebabat teen prashna samavisht hoteh
dusya muddyane akravi durusti aanee chaudavya durustimadhil tanav ughad keela. akravi durusti alikadech 'hans wii.' madhye ghenyat aalee hotee. louisiana, "134 yuu.ess. 1 (1890), federal nyayalayanna nagarikanni tyanchya swatachya rajyanviruddha kelelya davyanchi sunavani karnyas manai karane. yaulat, chaudavya durustimadhye rajyanna tyanchya nagarikanchya yogya prakriyechya adhikaranche ullanghan karnyas manai aahe. chaudavya durustiche ullanghan karnare rajya kayade lagoo karnyas rajya adhikaonyala aadesh denyachi magani karnara khatala federal nyayalay swikaru shakel qaa?
parinam.
nyaymurti rufus wheeler pekham yanni lihilelya matanusar, nyayalayala asey aadhalale qee railway daranchya sandarbhat minnesota kayade asanvaidhanik aahet aanee asha kayadyanchya ullanghananvar khatala chalvinyas rajya adhikaonyala aadesh deela jaau shakato qaa yaa muddyavar pudhe gele.
asanvaidhanik kayadyacha aadesh denyat ayashasvi jhalyas sambhavya ullanghanachya adheen asalelya vyaktila ektar vadhiv darr bharava lagel kinwa khatala chalavanyachya dhokyala samore jaave lagel. tyamule, nyayalayane tharavale qee kayadyachya vaidhatevar prashnachinh upasthit karananya konatyahi prakarchya karvaipurvi kayadyachya aavhankartyanna kathor manjuri mileparyant pratiksha karane ayogya tharel. nyayalayane asehi namood kele qee, jaree anek prakarananmadhye asey mhatale gele hote qee rajyavar khatala chalavata yenar nahee, taree tyaa prakarananmadhye, eka vyakti mhanoon, rajyachya "adhikaonyala" rajyachya vatine kahee karya karnyas manai keleli nahee.
yangane assa yuktivad keela qee jevha tyane minnesotachya kayadyanchi amalbajavani karnyacha prayatna keela tevha too keval minnesota rajyasathi kaam karat hota. jevha ekhada rajya adhikari asanvaidhanik kahitari karato, tevha too adhikari bahudha rajyachya navane teey karoo shakat nahee, kaaran rajyaghatanechya sarvochatechya khandacha arth assa aahe qee rajyaghatna rajyanchya serve kayadyanvar maat karate, konatyahi viruddha kayade avaidh karate. mhanoon, jevha ekhada rajya adhikari asanvaidhanik kayadyachi amalbajavani karnyacha prayatna karato, tevha tyaa vyaktiche adhikrut charitrya kadhoon takale jaate. too keval dusra nagrik banato jyala pratibandhatmak dilasa magna pakshadvare ghatanatmakdrushtya nyayalayat aanale jaau shakate.
nyayalayane haah siddhant mandatana done kayadeshir kalpana tayar kelyah
nyayalayane tarunanni uthavalela yuktivad dekhil fetalala qee aadesh ayogya hota kaaran nyayalayanmadhye kayadyachi chachani karoon railwaymarganna puresa upay miloo shakato. nyayalayane namood kele qee, kayadyache palan karnyacha kharch railway kadhihi vasool karoo shakat nahee, tarr too asanvaidhanik tharvanyachi pratiksha karat aahe.
yaa nishkarshanchya aadhare, nyayalayane asey tharavale qee united stateschya jilha nyayalayanmadhye asanvaidhanik kayade lagoo karnyas rajya adhikanyanna aadesh denyasathi khatale aanale jaau shakatat, jyanna asha kayadyanchi amalbajavani karnyas tyaa adhikanyanna aadesh denyacha adhikar aahe.
asahmati.
nyaymurti johnn marshal harlen yanni santaptapane asahmati darshavali aanee lihile qee tarunanviruddha khatala dakhal karnyache ekmev kaaran mhanje "kaaran" tyanni rajyache pratinidhitva kele aanee khatalyacha parinam "rajyache haat bandhane" asel. tyamule heey akaravya durustidware pratibandhit kelelya rajyaviruddhachya davyapeksha vegale navhate.
rajya aaplya adhikadhyanchya madhyamatunach karvai karoo shakat nahee aanee yaa nirnayamule rajyala nyayalayat aaplya adhikadhyanchya pratinidhitvapasun vanchit thewale jaeel, asey nirikshan harlanane nondavale. tyamule tyanni yaa nirnayacha nishedh keela aanee too 'aaplya sarkari vyavasthetil aamulagra badal' aahe, joou 'sangharajyachi rajye hinatechya sthiteet aanel, jyachi kalpanahi tyanni kelee navhati qee sanvidhan kevha sweekarle gele kinwa akravi durusti deshachya sarvoch kayadyacha bhag kadhee banavali gelee."
harlanane asehi mhatale qee ghatanatmak adhikaranchi amalbajavani federal nyayalayanaivaji rajya nyayalayanmadhil davyandvare kelee jaau shakate. jarr rajyachya trial kortanni rajyaghatanechi amalbajavani kelee nahee, tarr tyanna rajya sarvoch nyayalayat apeal kele jaau shakate, jyasathi nantar yuu. ess. kadey apeal kele jaau shakate.ess. sarvoch nyayalay.
irvin chemerinskichya 'federal juridiction' yaa lekhatahi yaa prakaranachi charcha kelee aahe.