
chinh-moolya sanketan

chinh-moolya sanketan heey aakadyanchya kramacha vapar karoon sankhyanche pratinidhitva karate, jeey anukramat tyanchya sthitichi parva naan karata, pratyek vegalya pramanache pratinidhitva karatat. chinh-moolya sanket samanyatah yogatmak, vaja karnare kinwa gunak asatat, jeey tyanchya sankhyanche ektrit pratinidhitva karnyasathi chinhanche ektrit gut karnyasathichya paramparanvar avalambun asatat.
jaree pratyek chinhache paripoorn moolya tyachya sthanapasun swatantra asale, taree sampoorn anukramache moolya chinhachya kramanusar avalambun asoo shakate, jase qee roman ankansarkhya yogatmak aanee vaja sanket ektrit karananya sankhya pranalinpramane. chinh-moolya sanketanamadhye shunyachi aavashyakta nahee.
yogatmak sanketan.
yogatmak sanketan heey sankhyanchya malikandware sankhyanche pratinidhitva karate, jeey ektritpane darshavilelya sankhyechya mulyachya barobariche jodale jaatat, jase mothya sankhyeche pratinidhitva karnyasathi tele marks ekatra jodale jaatat. chinh mulyachya gunank darshavinyasathi, tyach chinhachi fakt punaravrutti kelee jaate. udaharanarth, roman ankanmadhye, daha mhanje pannas, tarr ainshi mhanje (50 + 10 + 10 + 10).
jaree chinhe paramparik kramane lihili jaau shakatat, taree pratyek chinhache moolya anukramat tyachya sthanavar avalambun nasate aanee kram badalalyane yogatmak pranalitil anukramachya ekoon mulyavar parinam hott nahee. varanvar vaparlya jaanarya mothya sankhya, jaast punaravrutti talhanyasathi, anekada adviteey chinhe vaparoon vyakt kelya jaatat. udaharanarth, eztech anke, vispeksha qamee sankhyansathi thipkyanchi sankhya vapartat, tasech visachya shaktinsathi adviteey chinhe vapartat, jyat 400 aanee 8,000 chaa samavesh aahe.
ghatsarp sanketan.
ghatanatmak sanketan heey ankanchya malikedware sankhyanche pratinidhitva karate jyamadhye lahan mulyanche pratinidhitva karnari chinhe samanyatah mothya mulyanche pratinidhitva karananyanmadhoon vaja kelee jaatat aanee darshavilelya sankhyechya mulyachya barobarichi asatat. udaharanarth, roman ankanmadhye, eka mhanje daha, tarr nauu (10−1) assa arth aahe. europemadhye chhapkhanyacha vyapakpane sweekar hoiparyant roman ankansah vaja pranalicha satatyapurn vapar pramanit keela gela navhata.
itihas.
chinh-moolya sanketan hii sankhya lihinyachi pracheen paddhat hotee aanee haloohaloo sthan-moolya sanketan mhanoon vikasit jhaali, jyala sthitigat sanketan asehi mhanatat. sampoorn itihasat vividh sanskratindware jagbharat chinh-moolya sanketancha vapar keela gela aahe.
mesopotemiya.
jevha pracheen lokanna chikanmatimadhye 'done mendhya' lihaychya hotya, tevha teey chikanmatimadhye done mendhyanche chitra lihu shakat hote, tathapi, jevha tyanna 'vees mendhya' lihaychya asateel tevha heey avyavharya tharel. mesopotemiyamadhye tyanni anek vishisht vastunche pratinidhitva karnyasathi matichi lahan tokan vaparali aanee lekhankanasathi vaparlya jaananya taravar manisarkhi tokan bandhali. eka mendharasathi eka chinh aanee daha mendharansathi eka chinh aanee daha bakya ityadinsathi eka vegale chinh hote.
tokanchi sankhya aanee prakar konihi badaloo shakat nahee yachee khatri karnyasathi, tyanni bail shodhala; pokal chenduchya aakarache matiche lifafa jyamadhye dorivaril tokan thewale jaatat aanee nantar beeck kele jaatat. jarr konee tyaa kramankacha virodh keela tarr teey matiche lifafe todu shakatat aanee punha nond karoo shakatat. nondiche anavashyak nuksan talhanyasathi, tyanni lifafa bhajnyapurvi tyachya bahereel bajus asaleli pracheen sankhyechi chinhe dabali, pratyek chinhacha aakar tyanni darshavalelya tokansarkha hota. lifafa ughadanyachi kvachitach garaj asalyane, bahya chinhe hii chinhachya mulyanchya sanketank vaparoon chikanmatimadhye sankhya lihinyachi pahili likhit bhasha bunley.
suruvatila, mojanichya vishisht prakarchya sandarbhat mojanichya vegvegalya paddhati vaparlya jaat hotya. tokansa mojanyapramanech, suruvatichya mesopotemiyachya proto-cuniform ankanmadhye vegvegalya goshti mojanyasathi kinwa mojanyasathi vegvegalya chinhe vaparali jaat asat aanee mojalya jaananya kinwa mojalya jaananya goshtinvar avalambun vegvegalya pramananche pratinidhitva karnyasathi samaan chinhe vaparali jaau shakat asat. akheris, cuniform-vapar sanskratindware laingik pranali mothya pramanat sweekarli gelee. sumerian aanee akkadian lock vaparat asaleli laingik-moolya chinh pranali nantar babylonian cuniform ankanchya sthan-moolya pranalimadhye vikasit jhaali.