chinmadhil aarogya seva sudharana

chinmadhil aarogya seva sudharana mhanje aadhunik chinmadhil purvichya aanee chaloo asalelya aarogya seva pranalitil sankraman. chinache sarkar, visheshtah rashtriy aarogya aanee kutumb niyojan aayog (purviche aarogya mantralay) yaa sudharananmadhye pramukh bhoomika bajavate. sudharananmadhye sarvajanik vaidyakeey vima pranali sthapan karnyavar aanee chinchya aarogya seva vyavasthetil mukhya ghatak asalelya sarvajanik aarogya seva puravathadaranna vadhavnyavar bharr deela jaato. shahari aanee grameen bhagat, teen sarkari vaidyakeey vima pranali-shahari rahivashancha moolbhut vaidyakeey vima, shahari shahari moolbhut vaidyakeey vima aanee naveen grameen sahkari vaidyakeey yojana-jawaljawal pratyekala samavisht karatat. vividh garja bhagvinyasathi county kinwa shahar rugnalaye, samudayik aarogya kendre aanee shahar aarogya kendransah vividh sarvajanik aarogya suvidha sthapan karnyat aalya. nirogi chean 2030' madhye sadhyachya aanee bhavishyatil sudharananchi ruparesha dilee aahe."
samanya margdarshak tattve.
nirogi chean 2020
aktoobar 2009 madhye, aarogya mantralayache pramukh cheen jhu yanni, poshan, shetee, ann aanee samajik vipanan yaa kshetratil sudharit dhoranandware, 2020 paryant serve chinala sarvatrik aarogyaseva aanee upchar pradan karnyasathicha eka karyakram, nirogi chean 2020 chaa pathpurava karanyachi ghoshana kelee. yaa karyakramacha bahutansh bhag dirghakalin rog pratibandh aanee jivanshailichya changlya nivadi aanee khanyachya savayinna protsahan denyavar kendrit aahe. heey visheshtah laththapana, sharirik nishkriyata aanee kharab aahar nivadibaddalachya janjagrutila lakshya karate. nirogi chean 2020 heey jagatikikaran aanee aadhunikatecha mothya pramanat prabhav asalelya shahari, loksankhya asalelya bhaganvar sarvadhik laksh kendrit karate. yavyatirikt, bahutek karyakram prasarmadhyamandvare chalavale jaatat aanee sthanik aahet aanee sthanik kayadyanaivaji samudayadvare ghetalyamule badalanvar laksh kendrit karatat. nirogi chean 2020 chee anek uddishte pashchatya prabhavakhali adhik shahari bhaganvar kendrit aahet. aaharamule laththapanachya samasya udbhavat aahet aanee aadhunik vahatukichya oghamule shahari vatavaranavar aanee tyamule aarogyavar nakaratmak parinam hott aahe.
2011 madhye, balmrutyu darr aanee 5 varshankhalil mrutyu darr anukrame prati 1000 jiwant janmanmadhye 10 aanee 13 paryant qamee karnyachya uddeshane cheencha balvikas karyakram rabavanyat aala. paach varshannantar, tyanchi moolye prati 1000 arbhakanmage 5 aanee 5.7 paryant qamee karnyat aalee, parantu gambhir aajari mulansathi upchar mage ghetalyamule ghetalyamule mrutyucha vichar naan karata, jyachya sandarbhat chinmadhye konatyahi sambandhit kayadeshir tartudi astitvat navhatya.
nirogi chean 2030.
aktoobar 2016 madhye, communist pakshache sarchitanis zee jinping aanee pantpradhan lii keqiang yanni beijing yetheel chean rashtriy aarogya aanee kalyan parishadet sambandhit sankalpanechya bhashananantar, chean rashtriy aarogya aanee kutumb niyojan aayogane "nirogi chean 2030 niyojan ruparesha" jaaree kelee, jee tyachya aarogya seva sudharananchi uddishte aanee yojananvaril sarvat alikadil sarvasamaveshak chaukat aahe.
nirogi chean 2030' chee dhoranatmak sankalpana 'sarvansathi saha-bandhani, samayikaran aanee aarogya' hii aahe. 2030 paryant hii pramukh uddishte sadhya karane heey yaa prakalpache uddisht aaheh lokanchya aarogya sthitimadhye satat sudharana karane, ayurman 79 paryant vadhavane, aarogyala dhoka nirman nirman mukhya ghatkanvar prabhavi niyantran thevane, aarogya sevet lakshaniy sudharana, aarogya udhyogat lakshaniy vistar, sarvasamaveshak aarogya-sudharana niyamak pranalinchi sthapana. shalanmadhye aarogya shikshan vadhavane, nirogi jivanshailila protsahan dene, vyayamala protsahan dene, sarvatrik aarogya seva upalabdh karoon dene, aarogya seva pradatyanchya sevecha darja sudharane, vruddha, mahila, mule aanee apang vyaktinkade vishesh laksh dene, aarogya vima, aushadhanirman aanee vaidyakeey upkaran pranali ityadinmadhye sudharana karane, asha vishisht upayayojanancha samavesh aahe.
vaidyakeey vima sudharana.
grameen sahkari vaidyakeey yojana (1950-1980 ess).
1949 nantar, chiinii communist pakshane (see. see. pii.) chinavar taba midavala aanee aarogya mantralayane chinchya aarogya seva pranali aanee dhorananvar prabhavipane niyantran thewale. chiinii sarkarchya akhtyarit, sthanik sarkaranaivaji deshachya sansthanmadhil aarogya sevecha pravesh mothya pramanat nishchit keela. grameen bhagat aarogya sevetil sudharananchi sarvat mothee garaj bhasali aanee grameen aarogya sevechya praveshasathi tri-stariy pranali mhanoon grameen sahkari vaidyakeey yojana (aar. see. emm. ess.) sthapan karnyat aalee. aar. see. emm. heey vaiyaktik utpannache yogdan, graam samoohik kalyan nidhi aanee uchch sarkarkadoon anudan yancha samavesh asalelya purv-bharana yojnevar kaam karat asat.
pahilya staravar anwani payanche doctor hote, jyanna moolbhut swachchata aanee paramparik chiinii aushadhanche prashikshan denyat aale hote. visheshtah grameen bhagat, anwani doctoranchi vyavastha haah aarogyaseva midvanyacha sarvat sopa marg hota. shahari aarogya kendre hii aar. see. emm. chee dusari shreni hotee, jyat lahan, bahyarugna chikitsalaye hotee, jyat pramukhyane chiinii sarkarne anudanit kelelya vaidyakeey vyavsayikanchi nemanook kelee jaat asey. ughadya payanchya doctorance, bahutek samanya aajaransathi nagarpalikechya aarogya kendrancha vapar keela jaat asey. see. emm. ess. chaa tisra star, county rugnalaye, sarvat gambhir aajari rugnansathi hotee. tyanna pramukhyane sarkarkadoon nidhi deela jaat asey parantu sansadhanansathi (upkarane, doctor ii.) sthanik pranalinshi dekhil sahkarya kele jaat asey.).visheshtah shahari bhagat paryavaraniy aanee swachchh paristhiti sudharanyasathi sarvajanik aarogya mohima dekhil rabavanyat aalya.
aar. see. emm. neey aayurmanat lakshaniy sudharana kelee aahe aanee tyach velee kahee rogancha pradurbhav qamee keela aahe. udaharanarth, ayurman jawaljawal duppat jhaale aahe (35 teey 69 varshe) aanee balmrutyu darr 1000 jiwant janmanmage 250 mrutyunvarun 40 mrutyunparyant qamee karnyat aale aahe. tasech, maleriyache praman sampoorn chiinii loksankhyechya 5.55% varoon loksankhyechya 0.3% paryant ghasarale aahe. aarogyamadhye vaadh hii kendra aanee sthanik sarkar aanee changle aarogya vadhavanyasathi samudayakadun kelya kelya prayatnanmule jhaali aahe. mohimanmadhye rog rokhanyacha aanee maleria nirman nirman dasansarkhya rogachya ghatakancha prasar rokhanyacha prayatna keela gela. aarogyababat janjagruti karnyachya prayatnanvar vishesh bharr denyat aala.
mao tse tungchya pathimbyamule, aar. see. emm. neey sanskrutik krantichya kalat tyacha sarvat vegwan vistar pahila, joou 1976 madhye ekoon loksankhyechya 85 takke loksankhyechya shikharavar pohochala. tathapi, krishi kshetratil sudharana aanee 1980 chya dashakat lokanchya samudayachya samaptimule, aar. see. emm. neey tyacha aarthik aanee sanghatanatmak aadhar gamavala. tyamule, 1984 madhye keval 9.6 takke vyaptisah aar. see. emm. kosalale.
aarogya seva puravathadar sudharana.
rugnalayanmadhil badal (2010-sadhyache).
chinmadhye, sarvajanik rugnalaye sarvat mahattvachya aarogya suvidha manali jaatat, jee bahyarugna aanee antarugna asha donhi prakarchi kalji puravatat. tyanna adhyapan, prashikshan aanee sanshodhanachya pramukh pramukh dekhil aahet. bahutansh rugnalaye shaharanmadhye aahet.
tathapi, anek samasya sulabh aanee aanee rugnalayin aarogyasevesamor aavhane nirman karatat. suruvatila, qamee seva kimmatichi bharpai karnyasathi aushadhanchya kimmati avastavpane jaast tharvalya jaatat. doctorhi tyanchya utpannabaddal asamadhani aahet. dusare mhanje, rugna-doctoranchya natesambandhanmadhye motha tanav kadhikadhi sangharsh kinwa doctoranviruddh hinsacharas karanibhoot tharato (yinao). shivay, rugna rugnalayanmadhye aanee qamee aarogya suvidhanmadhye gambhiratemule vitarit kele jaat naheet, jyamule rugnalayanmadhye uchch-stariy vaidyakeey sansadhanancha ativapar hoto.
sarvajanik rugnalayanche samajik kalyan swaroop rakhane aanee tyanna sarvajanik seva karye karnyasathi protsahit karane, tyadvare lokanna sulabh aanee aanee aarogya seva pradan karane haah rugnalay sudharanancha uddesh aahe. 2010 madhye prayogik tatvavar 16 shaharanmadhye sudharana suru jhalya. 2015 madhye, margdarshak tattvanchi eka naveen aavrutti samore aalee aanee jilha-stariy rugnalayankade atirikt laksh dile gele. 2017 madhye, rugnalayatil aushadh dukane aanee ghauk vikri yanchyatil aushadhanchya kimmatitil farak door karnyavar laksh kendrit karoon sarvajanik rugnalay sudharanancha vistar jhaala.
parinamanchya parinamkaraktevar vividh abhyasanni sammishra parinam darshavile aahet. prakaran sarvekshanat asey aadhalun aale qee nuksan bharpai pranalitil sudharananmule seveche praman aanee gunavatta vadhali, parantu vyavasthapan karyakshamatet mothee ghat jhaali. sthanik puravyanvarun asey disun aale aahe qee, antargarbhachya aushadhanmadhye ghat hounahi ekoon kharch pratyakshat vadhala aahe. uchch dabav aanee jaast vel kaam kartana aarogya aarogya nokariche samadhan vadhale.
itar aarogya seva pradatyanmadhye badal.
sarvajanik rugnalayanvyatirikt, anek talagalatil sarvajanik aarogya suvidha aanee khajgi aarogya seva puravathadar dekhil aarogya seva puravanyat tyanchi adviteey bhoomika bajavtat. talagalatil suvidhanvaril sudharana rugnalayanmadhil tyanche sahkarya aanee jababdarichya vitarnavar laksh kendrit karatat, talagalatil aarogya aarogya prerit karatat aanee nuksanbharpai detat. khajgi pakshanna vaidyakeey seva puravanyasathi aanee sarvajanik kshetranna sahkarya karnyasathi protsahit kele jaate.
aushadhanirman sudharanancha.
aavashyak aushadhanchi yadee (2009-sadhyachi).
2009 madhye, rajya parishadene aavashyak aushadh pranali (eae. dii. ess.) suru kelee aanee 307 prakarchya aushadhancha samavesh asalelya aavashyak aushadh yadichi (eae. dii. ell.) pahili aavrutti prakashit kelee. serve talagalatil aarogya seva suvidha jawaljawal keval soochibaddha aushadhe tayar karnyasathi, vaparnyasathi aanee vikanyasathi aavashyak aahet. aushadhanchya kimmatinvar pradeshik sarkar aanee aushadh utpadak vataghati karatat, tarr talagalatil suvidhanmadhye teey shoonya nafyat vikale jaatat. eae. dii. sathee paratfedicha darr lakshaniyaritya jaast nishchit keela aahe. eae. dii. ell. heey garjannusar aanee aushadhanchya vikasanusar badaloo shakate.
tathapi, 2015 madhye, rajya parishadene sthanik sarkaranna eae. dii. ell. chaa vistar karnyapasoon rokhanyasathi tyache niyam badalale. vishleshanat asey nidarshanas aale aahe qee sthanik sarkaranchya tyanchya eae. dii. ell. madhye naveen aushadhe jodanyachya samarthyamule sthanik aushadh udhyogasathi bhade-shodh vartan aanee sanrakshanvad honyachi shakyata aahe. yashivay, naveen margdarshak tattvane soochibaddha nasalelya aushadhanchya vaparache nirbandh kadhoon takale, kaaran yaa niyamamule talagalatil suvidhanmadhye aushadhanchi kamatarata nirman jhaali.
eae. dii. varr matey vegvegali asatat. 2013 madheel mackinsechya sarvekshanat asey aadhalun aale qee bahurashtriy aushadh companyanchya 2 trutiyanshanhun adhik varishtha sthanik apeksha hotee qee edcha tyanchya vyavasayavar nakaratmak parinam hoil. abhyasanni aushadh nivad prakriyet badal suchavale.
baherchya lokanshi sahkarya qaraa.
jaagtik bankecha aarogya prakalp VIII.
moolbhut aarogya seva prakalp heey aantarrashtriy bhagidari drushtikonavar aadharit sudharana pratikrutiche udaharan hote. haah prakalp chinmadhil jaagtik bankecha bankecha prakalp hota aanee 1998 teey 2007 darmyan chean sarkarne 97 garib grameen parganyanmadhye tyachi amalbajavani kelee hotee, jyamadhye 4 kotee 50 laakh lock rahatat. saksham sevechi upalabdhata sudharanyasathi aanee mothya aajaracha parinam qamee karnyasathi sthanik sthanik tyanchi aarogya seva balkat karnyasathi navinyapurn dhorananchi chachani ghenyasathi protsahit karane haah yaa prakalpacha uddesh hota. jaagtik bankechya aadhichya prakalpanpramane, vishisht rog nirmulanavar laksh kendrit karnyaivaji, aarogya seva prakalp haah aarogyasevet sudharana karnyacha eka samanya prayatna hota. aushadhancha puravatha (vaidyakeey suvidha, aushadhanirmiti kampanya, vyavsayik) aanee magani (rugna, grameen nagrik) yaa donhi bajunna lakshya karnyat aale. visheshtah, yaa prakalpane rashtriy aarogya dhoranache sthanik staravar arthpurn dhorane aanee krutinmadhye rupantar karnyasathi county amalbajavanikartyanna pathimba deela. yaa prakalpache sammishra parinam disun aale. sarkarkadoon anudanat vaadh jhaali, jyamule rahivashancha khishatoon honara kharch qamee houu shakala, parantu aarogya nirdeshkanmadhye (qamee jhalela aajaar ii.) sankhyikiyadrushtya lakshaniy sudharana jhaali nahee.).
dhoranatmak parinam.
jalad aarthik aanee sansthatmak badalachya parshvabhumivar chean pramukh aarogya pranali sudharananche vyavasthapan karat asatana, institute auph development studies, hii eka aantarrashtriy sanshodhan sanstha, aarogya pranalichya vikasasathi chiinii drushtikonatil sahyogi sanshodhanavar aadharit dhoranatmak parinamanchi ruparesha aakhate. chinchya aarogyasevechi itar deshanshi tulana kelyas asey disun yete qee aarogyasevechi sanghatana tyachya amalbajavanisathi mahattvapoorn aahe. shahari aanee grameen bhagat aarogyaseva upalabdh honyat kahee pramanat avyavastha aanee vishamata aahe, parantu aarogya sevechya ekoon gunavattevar farsa parinam jhalela nahee. vaidyakeey upkarane aanee aushadhanchya kimmatinmadhye badal karane yasarkhya kahee protsahananmule aarogya seva kahee pramanat sudharnyas madat jhaali aahe. aarogyasevetil sudharananmadhye sarvat motha adthala mhanje pratyek jilhyatil dhorananmadhye ektecha abhav. vikas abhyas sanstha sthanik staravar navkalpananchi chachani, yashatoon shikanyas protsahan aanee haloohaloo goshti karnyachya naveen marganna pathimba pathimba sanstha tayar karanyachi soochana karate. teey suchavate qee itar deshantil vishleshak aanee aantarrashtriy aarogyala pathimba pathimba sansthanmadhil sansthanmadhil jarr tyanchya chiinii samkakshanshi paraspar shikshan balkat karayache asel tarr too drushtikon samajoon ghene aavashyak aahe.
janmat.
aarogyasevechya suruvatichya sudharananchya prayatnanpasun chinmadhye ayurman vadhale asale aanee balmrutyudar qamee jhaala asala taree aarogyasevechya gunavattet visangati aahe. chinchya grameen prantanmadhye chinchya aarogya sevechya gunvattechya sarvajanik swagatavaril abhyasatoon vaidyakeey seva aanee aarogya sevechya parvadanyachya babatit upalabdh asalelya goshtinmadhil samajutitil satat antar disun yete. grameen aanee shahari bhagat aarogya sevechya gunavattet ajunahi vishamata aahe. khajgi aanee sarvajanik nidhichya suvidhanmadhil kaljicha darja vegala aahe aanee kahee grameen bhagat changli seva aanee upcharanmule khajgi davakhane adhik varanvar yetat. kharey tarr, liim aanee itaranni kelela abhyas. heey dakhavun dile qee gwangdong, shanxi aanee sichuan yaa grameen chiinii prantanmadhye, yaa prantanmadhil 33 takke grameen nagrik sarkari anudanit rugnalayanchya tulanet khajgi chikitsalayancha vapar karatat. abhyasatoon asey disun aale qee nagarikansathi aarogya sevechi upalabdhata aanee upalabdhata itaki navhati, kaaran lokanna lokanna sarvajanik aarogya sevechya gunvattemulech tyanna tyaeivaji khajgi davakhane nivadanyas pravrutt kele. aarogya vimyacha satatyane abhav, visheshtah bahutansh grameen prantanmadhye (jethe yaa grameen prantanmadhil 90 takke lokanmadhye aarogya vimyacha abhav aahe) aarogya samantetil satatyapurn tafavat darshavite.
aavhane.
anek alpasankhyak gatanna ajunahi aarogyasevechya upalabdhatet samanata midvinyasathi aavhanancha samna karava lagat aahe. 1980 chya dashkatil aarogya sudharananmule sarkari aarogya anudanat sarvasadharan vaadh jhaali aahe, parantu tarihi, aarogyavaril vaiyaktik kharchat dekhil vaadh jhaali aahe. alikadil sarkari sudharanancha bahutansh bhag shahari bhaganvar kendrit asalyane shahari aanee grameen bhagatil asamanatemadhye vishamata kayam aahe. yaa asamantevar maat karnyasathi aine. aar. see. emm. neey prayatna kele asale taree grameen bhaganna sarvatrik aarogyaseva pradan karane ajunahi katheen aahe. yaa grameen asamanatet bharr ghalanyasathi, bahutansh vruddha loksankhya grameen bhagat rahate aanee aarogyaseva midvanyat aanakhi adchaninna tond dete aanee vima utaravileli nahee.
alpasankhyak gatanpramanech aarogya dhorankartyannahi aavhanancha samna karava lagat aahe. pratham, moolbhut vetan qamee thevanari, parantu doctoranna prescription aanee tapasatoon paise kamavanyachi parvanagi denari pranali, serve staranvar vikrut protsahan aanee akaryakshamatekade netat. dusare mhanje, itar anek deshanpramanech, aarogya vima aanee samudayik vittapuravatha pranali vikasit karane, jyamule bahutansh lokanna sanrakshn miloo shakel, heey eka mothe aavhan aahe, jevha loksankhya vruddha hott aahe aanee upchar adhik atyadhunik aanee mahag hott aahet. heey visheshtah chinmadhye kharey aahe, loksankhyashastriy sankraman model eka-mool dhoranasah mothya vruddha loksankhyela protsahit karate. samasyanche nirakaran karnyacha prayatna karnyasathi deshbharat anek bhinn model vikasit kele gele aahet, jase qee adhik alikadil, sthanik, samuday-aadharit karyakram.

