
elisi loke

elsie violet loke (nee farrelly; 17 august 1912-8 april 2001) hii newzealandchi samyavadi lekhika, itihaskar aanee strivad aanee shantata chalvalinmadhil aaghadichi karyakartya hotee. bahudha tichya balsahityasathi prasiddha asalelya, 'newzealand sahityatil auxford sahchar' neey mhatale qee tine 'newzealandchya samajat ullekhaneey yogdan dile', jyasathi canterbury vidyapithane teela manad dii.lahan. 1987 madhye, tyanche lagn communist pakshache pramukh sadasya jacq loke yanchyashi jhaale.
charitra.
prarambhik jeevan.
17 august 1912 roji newzealandmadheel hamilton yethe elsie violet farrelly mhanoon janmalelya sahaa mulanmadhye loke sarvat lahan hotee. tee william johnn allerton farrelly (1878-1945) aanee elen electa farrelly (nee bryan; 1874-1936) yanchi mulgi hotee. lokeche aaee-vadil doghehi newzealandmadhye janmale hote aanee keval prathamik staravarach shikshit asale taree (pahaa) teey doghehi purogami vicharvant hote. vilyamchi buddhimatta shalechya suruvatilach olakhali gelee aanee tyane swatah sahavichya pudhe shikshan chaloo thevu naan shakalyane tyachya mulanchya shikshanala jordar protsahan dile. darmyan, newzealandchya mahila matadhikar chalvalidarmyan elen kishoravayin hotee aanee tine tichya mulinna laingik samanatechi kalpana dilee, tasech tyanna swatantra rahanyache moolya shikavale.
elsie auklandchya dakshinekadil eka chhote shahar, veyuku yethe vadhali, jithe teela lahan vayatach yuddhabaddal tiraskar nirman jhaala. eka tarun mulgi mhanoon, tine pahilya mahayuddhatil diggajanchya jakhama pratyaksh pahilya...warkworthla bhet detana mallah eka vyaktila bhetayala nenyat aale jyacha chehara ardha goline udavala hota aanee joou tyachya shetatoon kadhich baher padala navhata. tine lahan vayat 'veyuku' sodale asale taree, tine tichya mhatarpanaparyant shaharashi drudh sambandh kayam thewale aanee anekada parat aalee. tichya pidhitil eka pakehasathi, tine 'veyuku', 'nagati teey ataa' madheel sthanik ivishi jawalche sambandh vikasit kele aanee tiche nantarche sanshodhan tyanchya 'vetangi' davyachya tahasathi mahattvapoorn tharale.
shikshan.
loke lahan asatana kahee kamgar vargatil mule, visheshtah mulee, madhyamik shalet gelee, tarr 1925 teey 1929 paryant tyaa tethe vidyarthini asalelya, veyuku jilha madhyamik shalet pudhe gelya. loke hii uchch madhyamik shaala purn karnari tichya kutumbatil ekmev sadasya hotee aanee tichya shalechya shevatchya done varshansathi tichya vargat ekmev vidyarthi hotee. lokela tichya pidhitil sakshar mahilansathi shikshak kinwa paricharikaivaji lekhak vhayache hote, jeey paramparik vyavasay hote. teela aukland vidyapithat shikshan ghenyasathi shishyavrutti midali, jithe tee 'little farrelly' mhanoon olakhali jaau lagali. 1930 madhye, nairashyachya suruvatila tine suruvat kelee aanee lokela utpannasathi sangharsh karava lagla-tee parnel sarvajanik granthalayat kaam karnyasarkhya shishyavrutti aanee ardhvel nokyanche mishran gheuun jagali. phoenix' heey suruvatiche sahityik masik chhapanyat tee guntaleli hotee aanee jaree tine yaa niyatkalikasathi lihile nasale taree tyat sahbhagi asalelyansathi ticha flat haah madhyavarti aadhar hota. 1932 madhye vidyapithat asatana, lokela eka assa anubhav aala hota joou tichi mulgi myer leadbeaterchya matey, tichya bhavishyatil rajkiy vichardhara aanee sakriyatevar motha prabhav padel. haah "jalvibhajak anubhav" haah 10,000 berojgar purushancha queen streetvaroon kooch kartanacha dekhava hota, jyane leadbeaterchya matey, 'sangharsh karananya sarvanshi aanee shoshit asalelya sarvanshi eka honyachi' mahatvakanksha lokemadhye nirman kelee.
lokekala tichya abhyasadarmyan samajvadat ruchi vadhali aanee tee soviet unionchya mitranchya aanee fabian samajachya baithakila upasthit rahili. 1932 madhye tyanni eka kaam karananya mahilanche adhiveshan aayojit kele aanee pudhchya varshi tyanni vidyapithatun bii. aii. padvi prapt kelee aanee communist pakshat sameel jhalya.
lokene tichya 1981 chya aatmacharitrat, 'studant ett daad gates' madhye tichya suruvatichya aayushyabaddal aanee shikshanabaddal lihile aahe, jyat tichya samajvadi tattvadnyanala aakar denanya prabhavanvar aanee 1920 aanee 1930 chya dashkatil newzealandchya kahee prabhavi rajkiy aanee sahityik vyaktimatvanvar charcha kelee aahe.
kutumb.
1935 madhye lokene ticha pahila patee, fredrick engels (fred) freeman, joou samyavadi pakshacha sahkari sadasya hota, tyachyashi lagn kele aanee elsie freeman banala. 1937 madhye elsine fredshee ghatasfot ghetala-joou tyaa velee eka "lajirvane upman" manla jaat hota aanee 1938 madhye ticha pahila mulga donn janmala. ekte aaee hone visheshtah katheen asatana, donchi ekmev kalji tichyakade hotee.
november 1941 madhye tine ticha dusra patee johnn gibson (jacq) loke (1908) yachyashi lagn kele, jyanchyabarobar tee 1996 madhye tyachya mrutyuparyant rahili. jacq, maans-kamgar joou 19 vya varshi englandhoon newzealandla sthalantarit jhaala hota, too communist pakshacha eka pramukh sadasya hota aanee heey jodape pakshachya baithakanmadhye bhetale hote. communist pakshane jacquela lavkarach khristacharchmadhye tainat kele aanee 1944 madhye teey 392 auxford terres, bahereel shauchalayasah, evon nadichya kathavaril eka "gingerbreadchya chhotya zopadit" gele. elisila deshavar prem hote aanee shaharancha dvesh hota-nantar tine sangitale qee teela khrischarchmadhye jayache nahee parantu jacksathi asey kele. matra, heey jodape tyanchya mrutyuparyant yaa zopadit rahile.
elysis jackpasoon aanakhi teen mule jhaali-keath, myer aanee ellison. kalatmak serve goshtinche kautuk karnyasathi aanee baherche aavadate mhanoon tine tichya chaar mulanche sangopan kele. kutumb anekada bhatkantila jayache aanee mairela ballechya dhade pathvanyasathi dhadpadayche. elsine tichya mhatarpanaparyant myers anek sanskrutik karyakramanna upasthit rahane suru thewale. jacq aanee elsie heey doghehi aajivan nastik hote.
elisicha mulga keith loke 1999 teey 2011 paryant sansadet green partycha khasdar jhaala aanee tichi mulgi myer, jyala aata myer leadbeater mhanatat, tee aukland ciity council aanee aukland pradeshik kaunsilmadhye councillar hotee. doghehi dirghkalapasun shantata aanee anuvirodhi karyakarte aahet.
communist paksh aanee kshayrog.
lokek 1933 madhye communist pakshat sameel jhaale aanee visheshtah 1930 chya dashakat teey pakshache eka pramukh karyakarte hote. 1933 madhye vidyapithatun padvi ghetalyanantar, loke wellingtonla gelee, jithe tee communist pakshachya sthanik shakheche netrutva karnyat sahbhagi jhaali. 1934 madhye tyaa berojgar kamgaranchya chalvalitun udbhavalelya kaam karananya mahila samityanchya rashtriy aayojak banalya. yaa samityancha mool uddesh suruvatichya masik strivadi niyatkalik 'daad working women' prakashit karane haah hota, jyachi suruvat tyach varshi communist pakshachya pathimbyane jhaali. yaa niyatkalikacha haah shevatcha ank november 1936 madhye hota. april 1937 madhye tyachya uttaradhikanyacha pahila ank, 'women tude' prakashit jhaala, jyachi rachana vyapak prekshakanna aakarshit karnyasathi karnyat aalee hotee. "women tude' heey lokekdware sampadit kele gele aanee gloria rollinson aanee robbin hyde yansarkhya ullekhaneey lekhakanchya yogdanasah aktoobar 1939 paryant chalale. loke yanni nantar lihile qee, "strivadachi dusari laat" tyaveli aalee aanee yuddhamule tee qamee jhaali tevha tee vadhat hotee aanee tyateel bahutansh 'aajchi stree' madhye vyakt kelee gelee aanee tichyabhovati kendrit hotee."
1936 madhye aniyojit mulanna aadhar deu naan shakananya kutumbambaddalachya chintemule lock aanee lois stanyapanamule ling, swachchata aanee janm niyaman societychi pahili baithak bolavanyat aalee, jyapaiki teey anukrame sachiv aanee adhyaksh hote. hii sanstha kutumb niyojan sanghatanechi agraganya sanstha hotee. 1941 chya sthanik swarajya sansthanchya nivadanukit lokek heey wellington hospital board aanee loar hutt ciity kaunsilsathi communist pakshache umedvar mhanoon ubhe rahile aanee nantar tyach varshi tyanni pakshache pramukh sadasya jacq lokek yanchyashi lagn kele. jacq heey pakshachya khrischarch shakheche adhyaksh hote aanee 1950 aanee 1960 chya dashakat anek nivadnukanmadhye tyanche umedvar hote. communist pakshatil tyanchya kalat, jackney gothalelya kamanmadhye udarnirvah keela aanee elisi strivadat lekhan aanee kaam suru thevat "paramparik gruhini aanee aaee" mhanoon jagali.
1946 teey 1948 paryant elsila pathichya kanyachya kshayarogamule rugnalayat dakhal karnyat aale hote aanee teela pathivar sapat rahave lagale. yacha arth assa qee tichya aajarpanat tichi mule dirghkal deshbharat firali gelee. tyaa velee kshayrog haah eka motha ghatak hota, parantu loke tichya rajkiy vishvasanche vachan aanee chintan karnyat vel ghalvat jiwant rahili.
newzealandchya communist pakshane adhik "swadeshi vichardhara" vikasit kelee pahije, ashee lokela khatri patali. tyach velee, tyaa eka aantarrashtriyavadi hotya aanee 'newzealand journal auph histree' nusar, yach goshtine tyanna communist pakshat odhale aanee akheris 1956 madhye tyanni teey sodoon dile. itar anekanpramanech, lokek hungarian krantila sovietne dilelya pratisadabaddal aanee stalinismchya "atirek" yaa donhimbaddal nishedh vyakt karat nighun gela. matra, ticha patee jacq tyachya mrutyuparyant communist rahila. paksh sodalyanantar, elisilahi communist pakshatil tichi bhoomika aavadali nahee, kaaran rajkiy mudyanvar yaa jodpyane asahmat honyas sahmati darshavali hotee, parantu tee mhanayachi qee prasiddhimule 'jacq aswasth hoto'.
robbert muldoon yanni ekada talebandanche varnan newzealandmadheel sarvat kukhyat samyavadi kutumb asey kele hote aanee samyavadi pakshatil talebandanchya sadasyatvacha elsie aanee tichya kutumbala kahee suraksha sansthanni kase pahile yavar dirghakalin parinam jhaala hota. 1980 chya dashakat tyanni lekhakanchya parishadesathi canadala pravas keela, joou tyancha aataparyantcha ekmev paradesh daura hota. tee aata eka vruddha mahila asoonahi, havaimadhil tichya sampoorn thambesathi americi adhikaanyaanee tichyasobat sashastr paharekari asane aavashyak hote. yavyatirikt, newzealand suraksha guptachar sevene (ess. aay. ess.) elsie tasech tichya mulanvar eka file thewali. 2008 madhye lockechi mulgi, myer leadbeaterla tichi swatachi file seeskadoon midali. leadbeaterne vayachya 10 vya varshi 'peaples voice', eka samyavadi vruttpatra dile aanee tyat ghare aanee karyalayanmadhye jhalelya khajgi baithkanmadhil tapshilvar mahitee hotee. elsichya communist pakshatoon baher padalyamule elsie aanee jackchya vivahat taana aala asava asey sisala vatat hote, asey filemadhye dakhavale gele. leadbeaterne failbaddal sangitale, "heey serve kahee chukiche aahe. atyant vaiyaktik kautumbik samasyambaddalache heey apriy, chukiche anuman aahe."keath loke hyalahi tyachi file siskadoon midali aahe, jyache varnan" "jaad" "asey kele aahe aanee elisichi file tichya charitrakarala midali hotee". elsichya mrutyunantar lagechach, 'daad press' madhye eka 'dusht' patra prakashit jhaale, jyat tichyavar 'eka communist, eka stalanist, kremlinche eka sadhan aanee 10 kotee lokanchya narsamharat sahbhagi asalyacha' aarop karnyat aala-jaree anek patre vruttapatrala lihile gele, donhi uttaranmadhye, mool patra prakashit kelyabaddal 'press' chaa nishedh keela.
shantata chalval.
1956 madhye communist paksh sodalyanantar lokekne aapale adhik laksh shantata chalvalivar kendrit kele, jaree tee 1940 chya dashakachya uttaradhat saktichya bharativiruddhachya mohimesah tiche sampoorn ayushya yuddhavirodhi muddyanmadhye guntaleli hotee. tine anvastre hii holokastapeksha mothee white manali aanee 1950 chya dashakat anoo nihshastrikaran mohimechya newzealand shakhechi saha-sansthapak aanee 1957 teey 1970 paryant karyakari sadasya hotee. lokela newzealandchya anoo-mukt sthiticha aanee tee sadhya karnyasathi tikoon asalelya dashakanchya sangharshacha atyant abhiman hota. tee ayushyabhar yaa uddeshasathi vachanbaddha rahili.
lekhan.
lokela nehmich lekhak vhayache hote, parantu 1950 chya dashakat tine teey gambhiryane ghenyas suruvat kelee. 1949 madhye tyanni 'gorden watson, nyu zealander, 1912-45: tyanche jeevan aanee lekhan' chey sampadan kele aanee 1950 madhye tyanni canterbury pradeshacha rajkiy itihas lihila, 'daad shaferred andd daad scullary maid, 1850-1950: canterbury vidaut laurels', donhi communist pakshane prakashit kele. 1954 madhye tine tichya kaviteche 'daad time auph daad childah aaa sequence auph kavita' heey pustak swayam-prakashit kele. jeey 50 varshanhun adhik kaal tyanchya chhotyasha gharat swatahsathi eka kholee rakhanyat yashasvi jhaale, tyanchyasathi lekhan khoop mahatvache jhaale.
lokene udghatan catherine mansfield memorial puraskar (aanee tyacha enzed £ 52.10s) jinkla. ), 1959 madhye mansfieldchya vadhadivsachya divashi jhalelya samarambhat, aata bund padalelya sahityik nibandh shreneet, tichya nibandhasathi, 'uttare shodhat'. yaa shrenitil 105 nondinpaiki eka asalela lokecha nibandh, communist pakshat sameel honyachya aanee baher padnyachya tichya karanancha tapasheel hota aanee too 'landfall' 48 (december 1958) madhye prakashit jhaala.
ekandarit, lock heey bahudha balsahityakar mhanoon olakhale jayache. 1960 chya dashakat, jevha lokene 'newzealand school journal' madhye yogdan denyas suruvat kelee (shikshan vibhagachya shaley prakashan shakhene prakashit kele) tevha lekhika mhanoon tichi karkird kharokharach prasthapit jhaali. tyanna shalechya prakashan shakhene 1962 teey 1968 yaa kalat aitihasik pustikanchi malika lihinyasathi niyukt kele hote, jyachi rachana newzealandchya samajik itihasabaddal mulanna shikshit karnyasathi karnyat aalee hotee aanee nantar 'daad kauri andd daad viloh hau leave andd grod fraum 1801-1942' (1984) madhye sankalit karnyat aalee. hii malika lihitana, teela maori bhasha, sanskruti, itihas aanee adhyatmababatchya dnyanacha abhav jaanavala. yamule tine bhashecha abhyas keela aanee asey karane fashionable honyachya khoop aadhipasoon tichya lekhanache madhyavarti vaishishtya mhanoon dvisanskrutikatecha samavesh keela. newzealand sahityachya auxford sahchar" chya matey, tine "yaa sandarbhat samanya dharana aanee rajkiy achukatepeksha aadhiche hote" assa sahanubhooti aanee antardrushtisaha kadambyanmadhye maori drushtikon vyakt keela.
tichi pahili kadambari, 'daad runaway settlers' (1965), hii tichi sarvat lokpriy krutee hotee aanee newzealandchya itar konatyahi mulanchya pustakapeksha tee satat chhapali jaat aahe. moolatah anthany metlandne chitransah jaaree keleli aanee garry heblene chitransah 1993 madhye punha prakashit keleli, 'daad runaway settlers' hii eka aitihasik kalpanik kadambari aahe, jee missers small aanee tichya mulanchya satya kathevar aadharit aahe, jeey sidneymadhil hinsak mister smallpasoon paloon jaatat, kutumbache naav fips dharan karatat aanee khristacharchchya dakshinekadil governor bemadhye sthayik hotat. tyanche tethil jeevan jaree katheen asale taree, kutumbachya mehanatiche phal milate aanee shevati teey yashasvi hotat. kutumbache vanshaj ajunahi governor bemadhye rahatat. tichya mulichya mhananyanusar, yaa pustakala 1999 madhye atyant aavadatya pustakasathi udghatan gelin gorden puraskar midala-jeey lokekchya sarvat maulyavan puraskaranpaiki eka aahe.
shaley prakashan shakhesathi lokekchya karyamule tiche mool gaav, veyuku, aanee tiche dusare mulanche pustak, 'daad end auph daad harberh aine historical kadambari phaur childran' (1968), shaharachya itihasavar aadharit hote. lokene eka unhala vayukumadhye kadambarivar sanshodhan karnyat ghalavala, jyache chitran katerina mataira yanni kele hote. 1860 saalee jevha myri raja chalval aanee vistarat chalalelya vasahati samajachya simevar vayakoo hota aanee pahile taranaki yuddh nuktech suru jhaale hote, tevhache kathanak yaa kathevar aadharit aahe. heey pustak david learwood yaa 11 varshanchya pakaa mulachya katheche anusaran karate, jyache palak sthanik hotelmadhye kaam karnyasathi vichukoola gele aahet. daudchi aaee eka maorila bhetanyachi bheeti balgate aanee daud kadhihi tyala bhetala nahee, tarr tyachi sthanik maori mulga honnatna, tasech maoribaddal sahanubhooti balgananya anek pakeha praudh aanee pakeha-maori mulashi maitri hote. "newzealand sahityatil oxfordcha sahchar" "bandaracha shevat" "heey" "maori aanee pakiha drushtikonatun jaminichya samasyancha dayalu shodh" "asey varnan karato".
"1886 madhye mount taraverachya udrekachya velee done mulinchya anubhavanchi katha, 'aii canoe inn daad mist', johnn shelichya chitransah jonathan kepane 1984 madhye prakashit kelee. rotomahana talavachi prasiddha jwalamukhi drushye pahana abhyagatansathi lokpriy thikan asalelya teey vairoya gavat lillion tichya vidhva isobat rahate. lillion, ingraji paryatakanchi mulgi mattishee maitri karato aanee tyanna ekatra prasiddha gulabi aanee pandhya terres disatat, parantu ashubh chinhe disun aalee aahet-sahasa shant asalelya talavavar bharatichi laat, aanee dhukyat disanari 'vaka virua' bhootiya nauka asalyache vrutt aahe. maori hrishee 'thuhoto' aapatticha andaj vartavtat. tyaa ratri jwalamukhi achanak futato aanee charahi bajunni nasht jhalyamule mulinna jagnyasathichya tivra sangharshat takale jaate. 2005 madhye collinschya aadhunik abhijat malikemadhye punha prakashit jhalelya newzealandchya rashtriy granthalayane yaa pustakache varnan 'kivi abhijat' asey kele aahe."
nantarche jeevan.
rodd donalds, lock evon loop niyojan sanghatanechya (alpa) sthapanet aanee central khristacharchmadhil aitihasik evon loop nivasi bhagat samudayachya chaloo vikasat sakriy hote. lokela manad dii.1987 madhye canterbury vidyapithatun tichya samudayatil kamasathi. newzealandchya itihasachya adhik santulit samajutisathi lokene moheem rabavali.
elsie lokek yanche 8 april 2001 roji khristchurch yethe nidhan jhaale.
smaranotsav.
elsie loke hii ekmev vyakti aahe jine tyanchya aayushyat khristchurch ciity kaunsilane tyanchya sanmanarth udyanala naav dile aahe. elsie lock park heey shatakmahotsavi talavachya samore oxfordchya gachchivar hote, parantu 2011 chya khrischarch bhookampanantar margaret maahee khelachya maidanasathi marg tayar karnyasathi teey kadhoon taknyat aale.
darvarshi leanza 'tarun praudhansathi gair-kalpanaramya sahityatil sarvat pratishthit yogdanasathi' elsie loke puraskar dete.
march 2009 madhye, baaraa sthanik nayakanpaiki eka mhanoon lokekche smaran karnyat aale aanee khristacharch qalaa kendrabaher tichya kansya putalyache anavaran karnyat aale.
puraskar.
1995 madhye, lock margaret maahee puraskar midavanare pachve praptakarta tharale. 1992 madhye tyanna balsahityatil sevesathi baal sahitya sanghatanecha puraskar (aata betty guilderdale puraskar) denyat aala.