robbert rubin

robbert edward rubin (janm 29 august 1938) heey eka american nivrutt banking karyakari, vakeel aanee majee sarkari adhikari aahet. clinton prashasanadarmyan tyanni united stateschya khajinyache 70 weey sachiv mhanoon kaam kele. sarkari sevepurvi tyanni goldman saxmadhye 26 varshe ghalavali, akheris 1990 teey 1992 paryant mandalache sadasya aanee saha-adhyaksh mhanoon kaam kele.
1993 chaa toot qamee karnyacha kayada aanee 1997 chaa santulit arthsankalp kayada yasah, clinton kalatil aarthik samruddhimagil eka shakti mhanoon rubinla shrey dile jaate. tathapi, rubinchya tikakaranni assa yuktivad keela aahe qee tyanni samarthit kelelya banq-anukool dhorananmule 2007-2008 chya aarthik sankatat yogdan midale.
2022 paryant, rubin hamilton prakalpache saha-sansthapak, pararashtra sambandh parishadeche saha-adhyaksh mhanoon aanee centerview bhagidaranmadhye varishtha sallagar mhanoon anek sansthanmadhye sakriy aahe.
prarambhik jeevan aanee shikshan.
rubincha janm 29 august 1938 roji newyork shaharat jyoo aaee-vadil sylvia (nee seederman) aanee alekzandar rubin yanchya potee jhaala. too lahan vayat floridatil miyami beechala gela aanee miyami beach highschoolmadhun tyane padvi prapt kelee. 1960 madhye rubinane aii. saha padvi prapt kelee.buub. "harvard mahavidhyalayatun arthshastrat 'summa qama loud'. jug pahanyasathi jaanyapurvi tyanni teen divas harvard low skoolmadhye shikshan ghetale. nantar tyanni london school auph economixmadhye shikshan ghetale aanee ell. ell. prapt kele.buub. 1964 madhye yell low skoolmadhun.
prarambhik karkird.
rubin heey 1964 teey 1966 yaa kalat newyork shaharatil clairy, gottlieb, stein aanee hamilton yaa companyt vakeel hote aanee 1966 madhye goldman saxmadhye jokhim lavad vibhagat sahyogi mhanoon rubin sameel jhaale. nantar tyanni saha-mukhya karyakari adhikari mhanoon kaam kele aanee 1990 madhye saha-varishtha bhagidar aanee saha-adhyaksh jhaale. 
rubin yanni 1984 madhye walter mondelchya adhyakshiy mohimesathi newyork vitt adhyaksh mhanoon kaam kele aanee newyorkmadheel 1992 chya lokshahi rashtriy adhiveshanasathi yazman samitiche netrutva kele.
tyanni newyork stock exchange, daad yuu. aii. chya sanchalak mandalavar kaam kele.ess. rokhe aanee vinimay aayog bajar dekhrekh aanee vittiy seva sallagar samitee aanee newyork sarkarsathi sallagar samitya. mario cuomo aanee mahapour david dinkins.
clinton prashasana.
25 janewari 1993 teey 10 janewari 1995 yaa kalavadhit rubin yanni aarthik dhoranasathi white hausmadhye rashtrapatinche sahayyak mhanoon kaam kele. tyaa kshamatene, tyanni rashtriy aarthik parishadeche digdarshan kele, jee biil clinton yanni adhyakshapad jinkalyanantar tayar kelee. rashtriy aarthik parishad kinwa aine. eae. see. neey white hausala arthsankalp aanee karapasoon teey aantarrashtriy vyaparaparyantchya dhorananvar cabinet vibhag aanee sansthanchya kamkajacha jawalun samanvay sadhanyas aanee garibeeche nirmulan karnyas saksham kele. aine. eae. see. neey rashtrapati karyalayamadhye dhoranatmak shifarshinche samanvay kele aanee baher aalelya nirnayanchya amalbajavanivar dekhrekh thewali. robbert ess. pranali karyanvit karnyache shrey strousene rubinla dile. "too nishchitach americetil ekmev purush kinwa stree aahe joou mallah maheet aahe qee aine. eae. see. laa yashasvi kona karoo shakel", stross 1994 madhye mhanala. "itar konihi vighatankari shakti asate aanee parishadene kaam kele nasate."
nasate." toot qamee karnyacha kayada.
rubinane clintonla toot qamee karnyavar laksh kendrit karnyas protsahit kele aanee teey clintonchya 1993 chya toot qamee karnyachya kayadyachya "mukhya shilpkaranpaiki eka" hote. 
yaa kayadyamule kayadyamule dashakachya uttaradhat arthsankalpatil atirikt rakkam aanee majboot aarthik vaadh honyas madat jhaali, asey samarthakanni sangitale, tarr virodhakanni namood kele qee tyane curr vadhavale. citygroupchya toot qamee karnyachya yojnevar charcha kelee tevha rubinane uchch-praptikar shrenitil lokanvar curr vadhavanyachi vakili kelee. "daad baltimore sunn" neey mhatale qee arthsankalpiy karar "gambhir hota" aanee "navsanvadi bandhpatra bandhpatra khatri patavali qee naveen lokshahi adhyaksh tutibaddal gambhir aahet, dirghakalin vyajdar qamee karat aahet, aarthik vikasala chalana dett aahet aanee shevati, arthsankalp santulit karnyat madat karat aahet."
koshagar sachiv.
december 1994 madhye clintonne rubinla koshagar sachiv mhanoon namankit kele. 10 janewari 1995 roji rubinane yuu. ess. nantar united stateschya koshagar sachiv mhanoon shapath ghetali.ess. sinetane 99-0 matane tyala pushti dilee. clinton prashasanabarobarcha rubincha karyakal, visheshtah khajinyacha pramukh mhanoon, yuu. ess. madheel aarthik samruddhine chinhankit keela hota.ess. yoochya mage asalelya pramukh vyaktinpaiki eka mhanoon rubinla shrey dile jaate.ess. aarthik vaadh, jawaljawal purn-rojgar nirman karane aanee chalanwadh talhtana tejiche share bajar nirman karane. teey white hausmadhye ruju jhalyapasun 1999 madhye tyanni khajinyatoon rajinama jaheer keela.ess. berojgari 6.9 takkyanvarun 4.3 takkyanparyant ghasarali; yuu.ess. arthsankalpatil toot $255 abj varoon $70 abj adhishesh jhaali aanee chalanwadh qamee jhaali. julai 1999 chya suruvatila rubinchya jaagi tyacha upasachiv laurence summer treasury secretory jhaala.
see. aine. aine. munny" nusar, rubin haah "clinton prashasanachya aarthik dhoranachya shilpkaranpaiki eka hota aanee tyala anekada-federal reserveche adhyaksh alaan greenspan yanchyasamvet-aath varshanchya bharbharatichya aarthik vistarasathi shrey dile jaate, joou yuu. ess. madheel dusra sarvat lamb kaal aahe.ess. itihas ".
senator chuck hegel (aar-neey) yanni rubinla "rajkaranapeksha dhoranala pradhanya denara eka aadarsh loksevak" mhatale."rubinchya rajinamyachya velee, clintonne rubinla" "alekzandar hamilton nantar khajinyacha sarvat motha sachiv" "mhatale"."
1990 chya dashkatil aantarrashtriy sankate.
janewari 1995 madhye koshagar sachiv mhanoon shapath ghetalyanantar, rubinla mexican peso sankatacha samna karava lagla, jyamule mexico tyachya paradeshi linevarr chukel assa dhoka nirman jhaala. rashtradhyaksh biil clinton yanni rubin aanee greenspan yanchya sallyane yuu. aii. madhye 20 abj dollars pradan kele.ess. vinimay sthirikaran nidhidware mexican sarkarla karjachi hummy. mexicocha aanee yuu. chaa punarprapti jhaala.ess. karj kararacha parinam mhanoon koshagarane 58 kotee dollarscha napha kamavala.
1997 aanee 1998 madhye rubin, greenspan aanee up koshagar sachiv summer yanni yu. ess. laa protsahan denyasathi aantarrashtriy chalan nidhi aanee itaransobat kaam kele.ess. russian, ashiyai aanee lattin american vittiy bajarpethanmadhil aarthik sankatanna pratisad mhanoon dhoran. 15 februwari 1999 roji prakashit jhalelya 'time' yaa niyatkalikane yaa teen dhorankartyanna 'jug vachavanyachi samitee' asey sambodhale.
santulit arthsankalpiy karar.
clinton prashasanachya suruvatichya kalat, rubinane santulit andajpatrak aanee majboot dollar haah qamee vyajdaransathicha eka marg asalyache sangitale. tyanni assa yuktivadahi keela qee santulit sanghiy arthsankalpache samajasathiche vyapak fayade eka gatala itaranpeksha jaast fayda houu shakato yaa chintepeksha jaast aahet. rubin heey santulit-arthsankalpiy kararavar prajasattak-niyantrit congressburober clinton prashasanache mukhya vataghati karnare hote. 1997 chya santulit arthsankalp kayadyala rubinchya koshagar sachivpadachya karyakalatil 'capstone' mhanoon sambodhale gele aahe.
vyutpannanche niyaman.
1998 madhye, rubin aanee federal reserveche adhyaksh alaan greenspan yanni vastoo vayada vyapar aayogala (see. eff. tii. see.) pratyaksh patt vyutpannanvar dekhrekh denyas virodh keela, jevha see. eff. tii. see. chey tatkalin pramukh brooksley borne yanni haah prastav mandala hota. rubin aanee itar varishtha citygroupchya november 1999 madhye derivativesvaril niyamak adhikarachya see. eff. tii. see. laa congressne mukt karanyachi shifaras kelee. 2000 chya commodity futures aadhunikikaran kayadyadvare see. eff. tii. see. neey akheris pratyaksh credit derivativesla niyamanatoon vagalale. pii. bii. ess. chya "frontline" ahavalanusar, derivativesne 2007-2008 chya aarthik sankatat mahattvachi bhoomika bajavali.
arther levit junier.rokhe aanee vinimay aayogache majee adhyaksh, yanni, greenspan aanee rubin yanna "yavar nitambat jodale gele hote", asey janmane prastavit kelelya niyamanna rubincha tivra virodh spasht kartana mhatale aahe. tyanni yala nakkich tivra virodh keela aanee mallah patvoon dile qee yamule gondhal hoil."tathapi, rubinchya aatmacharitrat, tyanni namood kele aahe qee tyanna asey vatate qee derivativesmule lakshaniy samasya udbhavu shakatat aanee derivativescha vapar aavahan anek lokanna teey ghet asalelya jokhaminchi purnapane kalpana navhati. 2008 madhye, 'daad newyork times' neey nondavale qee 1997 madheel prastavat derivativeschya dekharekhimadhye sudharana honar nahee. rubin mhanale qee, aarthik pranalila "derivativeschya changlya niyamanane fayda houu shakato". matra, rajkaranamule heey ashakya jhaale asate, asey teey mhanale. rubinane sangitale qee too goldman saxmadhye asalyapasun derivativeschya pranaligat jokhim nirman karnyachya kshamatebaddal chintit hota.
april 2010 madhye 'abc' chya 'hya aathvadyat' karyakramavaril eka mulakhatit, majee adhyaksh clinton mhanale qee rubinane tyanna derivativeche niyaman naan karnyacha sallah dilyat too chukicha hota, joou toparyant toparyant chya aarthik sankatache eka moolbhut kaaran mhanoon pahila jaat hota. clintonche sallagar daug band nantar mhanale qee, clintonne "eka vishisht derivativeschya prastavavar midalelya vishleshanacha, derivativeschya konatyahi niyamanaviruddha tatkalin federal reserveche adhyaksh alaan greenspan yanchya yuktivadanshi anavdhanane mell ghatala". teey mhanale qee, clinton yanna ajunahi ichcha hotee qee tyanni derivatives niyaman karnyasathi kayade kele asavet, tarr rubin aanee itarankadun arthvyavastha aanee vittiy vyavasthebaddal tyanna utkrusht sallah midala hota, asey teey mhanale.
shahari dhoran.
rubin heey clinton prashasanatil sankatgrast grameen aanee shahari samudayanmadhye guntavanukiche agraganya samarthak hote, aine. eae. see. madheel tyanchya kalapasoon, samudayik punarnivesh kayadyacha vistar karnyachya prayatnanche netrutva karat, koshagarat tyanchya kalaparyant, jethe tyanni antargat shaharanmadhye guntavanuk karnyasathi aanee see. dii. eff. aay. nidhi vadhavanyasathi adhik samudayik vikas vittiy sansthanche (see. dii. eff. aay.) samarthan kele. clinton prashasanatil tyanchya karyakalat shahari garibanchya garja purn karane heey rubinsathi sarvoch pradhanya hote. sampoorn yuu. aii. madhye sakshamikaran aanee udyam kshetra vadhavanyachya clinton prashasanachya yojnet rubinane madat kelee.ess. yaa upkramane tyaa kshetranmadhye guntavanuk aavahan vyavasayanna curr savalat dilee.
kaach-steagall kayadyachi ghat.
koshagar sachiv mhanoon, robbert rubinane kachechya steelcha kayada aprachalit aanee kalbahya jhaala hota aanee kalantarane tyachya tartudi qamee prabhavi jhalya hotya asey namood kele hote. tathapi, 1990 chya dashakachya uttaradhaparyant congress aanee clinton prashasana shevati haah kayada radd karnyasathi aale nahee. yacha kahee bhag sanford I neey kelelya lobbing dabavamule jhaala. congress aanee white hausane haah kayada radd karava aanee tyamule 1998 madhye tyanni pravasi gut aanee citycorp yanchyat aayojit kelelya mothya vilinikaranala ubhe rahoo dyave, ashee magani tyanni kelee. rubinane julai 1999 madhye clinton prashasanacha rajinama deela. aktoobar 1999 madhye rubin citygroupchya netrutvat sameel jhaala. kaach-steagall akheris rubinchya uttaradhikari laurence summer antargat vyakaran-leach-blilly kayadyane radd karnyat aala aanee november 1999 madhye clintonne tyavar swakshari kelee.
sarkarnantarchi karkird.
sthanik upkram mahamandalala pathimba detat.
clinton prashasana sodalyanantar, rubin heey deshatil aaghadichya samudayik vikas samarthan sansthechya, sthanik upkram samarthan mahamandalachya (ell. aay. ess. see.) mandalat adhyaksh mhanoon sameel jhaale. deshatil durlakshit bhaganmadhye aarthik ghadamodi aananyasathi samarpit asalelya sansthet sameel honyachya tyachya nirnayavar chintan kartana, 'shikago tribune' neey eka sampadakiyat pudhil goshti sangitalyah 'biil clinton yanche koshagar sachiv honyapurvi, uchch-shaktiche wall street karyakari mhanoon kaam karat asatana, rubin yanna nairashyat sapadalelya shahar aanee grameen bhagatil garibishi ladhanyacha marg mhanoon vyavsayik guntavanukila chalana denyachi utkat ichcha hotee. yamule teey lokshahivadyanmadhye kahise asamanya banale, jyanni samanyatah sarkari daridryavirodhi karyakramanvar bharr deela."
citygroup.
rubin 1999 madhye mandalachya karyakari samitiche adhyaksh mhanoon citygroupmadhye sameel jhaale. 2001 madhye, enron yaa citygroupcha eka pramukh grahak asalelya enronla enron ghotalyachya parinami patmanankanat ghasaran jhaali. rubinane padvyuttar koshagar vibhagachya vibhagachya bolavale aanee ghasaran rokhanyasathi busch prashasanachi madat magitali. tyanantar sinetchya sarkari vyavhar samiteene kelelya karmchari tapasat rubinane kahihi bekaydeshir kelyache spasht jhaale. rubinane nantar sangitale qee tyane aaplya companychya padache rakshan karnara citygroup karyakari mhanoon aanee enronchya apayashachya mothya arthvyavasthevar fayda parinamambaddal chintit asalela majee koshagar adhikari mhanoon kaam kele hote. rubinane sambhavya hitsambandhanchya sangharshavaril teeka nakarli aanee mhatale aahe qee jarr tyach nivadicha samna karava lagla tarr too punha teey karel.
rubin november 2007 teey december 2007 yaa kalavadhit citygroupchya sanchalak mandalache alpakal adhyaksh jhaale. 'daad newyork times' nusar, citygroupmadhil rubinchi bhoomika grahak aanee sarkar aanee vyavsayik netyanshi bhetnyavar, vyavasayat aananyavar aanee banq netrutvasathi eka dhwani mandal mhanoon kaam karnyavar kendrit hotee. 2007 madhye 'times' neey nondavalyapramane, rubinane 1999 madhye citygroupmadhye aalyapasun sarvajanikaritya sangitale aahe qee tyala banq chalavanyat rus nahee. "daad wall street journal" neey nondavale qee rubin companychya dhoranatmak vyavasthapakiy aanee parichalan babinmadhye mandalacha sadasya mhanoon aanee sahbhagi mhanoon citygroupmadhye sameel jhaala, parantu [...]..] konatyahi line line naheet. vruttapatrane dekhrekh aanee vyavasthapan linechey heey mishran 'aspasht' mhatale.
2008 chya aarthik sankatanantar, tikakaranni assa yuktivad keela qee rubinane citygroupmadhye jokhim vadhavali, jyamule bankeche mothe nuksan jhaale aanee koshagar sachiv mhanoon tyanni protsahan dilelya aarthik dhorananmule paristhiti aanakhi bighadali. daad wall street journal' nusar, rubinane mhatale aahe qee, qee sankatachya tivratecha andaj lavnyat apayashi tharnara too ekta navhata. itar udyog nirikshakankadun banketil rubinchya bhoomikebabat spashtatechya abhavavar teeka karnyat aalee. 2008 madhye kendra sarkarne sankatgrast malmatta madat karyakramachya madhyamatoon citygroupmadhil hissa midvanyasathi 45 abj dollars kharch kele. december 2009 madhye citygroupne beloutchya paishatil 20 abj dollarschee paratfed kelee aanee koshagarane eka varshanantar aapala urvarit hissa ekoon 12 abj dollarschya nivval nafyasathi vikala.
december 2008 madhye, guntavanukdaranni rubins citygroupchya citygroupchya, companychi jokhim lapavat, vadhiv daranni sambhag vikale assa dawa karat khatala dakhal keela. citygroupne 2012 madhye davadaranna 59 kotee dollars deuun aanee tadjodicha bhag mhanoon konatehi chukiche kaam nakarat khatala nikali kadhala. rubinane 2009 madhye citygroupmadhun rajinama deela. 1999 teey 2009 darmyan, rubinla citygroupkadoon citygroupkadoon sathyachya paryayansah ekoon 12.6 kotee dollarschee bharpai midali. tyachya nuksanbharpaivar teeka karnyat aalee, lekhak naseem nicolaus tellub yanni namood kele qee rubinane 2008 chya banking crashchya aadhichya dashakat citybankmadhun 12 kotee dollarspeksha jaast nuksanbharpai gola kelee. aksharshah diwalkhor asalelya bankechi kardatyanni sutka kelee tevha tyane konatahi dhanadesh lihila nahee-tyane eka nimitt mhanoon anishchitatecha aagrah dharala."2010 madhye, vittiy sankat chaukashi aayogane rubinchi 2007-2008 chya aarthik sankatachya karananchya tapasacha eka bhag mhanoon mulakhat ghetali aanee assa nishkarsh kadhala qee rubinane tyachya citygroupmadhil bhoomikeshi sambandhit" "aarthik sankatachya sandarbhat united stateschya kayadyanche ullanghan kele asave". " aayogane pudhil tapasasathi tyala united stateschya nyay vibhagakade pathvanyasathi ekmatane matdan kele; tathapi, dojne rubinviruddha pudhil tapas kinwa karvai kelee nahee.
itar kaame.
1 julai 2002 roji rubin harvard vidyapithachya karyakari niyamak mandalachya harvard mahamandalache sadasya jhaale. juuna 2014 paryant tyanni harvard corporation boardache sadasya mhanoon kaam kele aanee 2018 paryant tyanni tyachya vitt samitivar kaam kele.
2023 paryant, rubin hamilton prakalpat sahbhagi aahe, 2006 madhye tyanni saha-sthapana kelelya aarthik dhoran vicharvant mandalachi. teey pararashtra sambandh parishadeche saha-adhyaksh aahet. teey mount sinai aarogya pranaliche vishvast aanee pieter jee. chya sallagar mandalache saha-adhyaksh mhanoon kaam karatat. pieterson foundation. yavyatirikt, rubin newyork shaharatil guntavanuk banking sallagar sanstha, centerview partners yethe varishtha sallagar mhanoon kaam karate.
rubin heey africa progress panel (epp) chey sadasya hote, daha vyaktinchya gatane 2009 teey 2015 darmyan saat varshik ahwal prakashit karoon aafriket nyayya aanee shashvat vikasasathi vakili kelee. rubin yanni majee british pantpradhan gorden braun yanni bolavalelya jaagtik nagrikatva aayogavar dekhil kaam kele, jyane sanyukt rashtranchya 1948 chya manavadhikaranvaril sarvatrik ghoshanechi punha tapasani kelee aanee adyayavat prastav mandala.
pustake.
jacob wesberg yanni saha-lihilele rubinche aatmcharitra, 'inn aine anishchit worldh haard chois fraum wall street too washington' heey newyork timesche bestseller tasech 2003 chya 'business weak' chya daha sarvottam vyavsayik pustakanpaiki eka hote.
rubinche dusare pustak, 'daad yalo paddah making better diseasons inn aaa anishchit world', meey 2023 madhye prakashit jhaale. tyat teey 'sambhavya vichar' kinwa pratyek nirnayat jokhim asate heey samajoon ghenyachya tyanchya drushtikonabaddal lihitat.
dhoranatmak matey.
aarthik dhorane.
rubinane vittiy shist aanee sarvajanik guntavanukiche samarthan kele aahe aanee koshagar sachiv asatana federal arthsankalpiy toot atirikt karnyasathi kaam kele aahe. tyanni uchch arthsankalpiy tutiviruddha vakili kelee aahe aanee yu. ess. chee payabharani asalele majboot dollar dhoran vikasit karnyache shrey tyanna dile gele aahe.ess. khajinyat tyanchya karyakalapasun aarthik dhoran.
newyork timesney tyanche varnan madhyamargi, vyavasay samarthak, 'vikas samarthak lokshahivadi' asey kele aahe. shikago tribune" aanee sambandhit prasarmadhyamanni mhatale aahe qee, koshagar sachiv mhanoon rubinchya dhorananmule 1990 chya dashakat amerikechya aarthik vikasala chalana midali. tathapi, kahee prajasattakanni karanmadhye pureshi kapat naan kelyabaddal tyanchya dhorananvar teeka kelee aahe, tarr kahee lokshahivadyanni mhatale aahe qee rubinchya dhorananmule 2008 chya aarthik sankatat yogdan midale. rubinane qamee aanee madhyam utpann asalelya american lokanna laabh midava yasathi pragatishil curr upayayojananna aanee kamavalelya aaykar patincha vistar karnyas pathimba deela aahe. george doubleu. chya prashasanadarmyan lagoo kelelya curr kapatisah, uchch utpann utpann asamanatene fayda fayda curr kapatila dekhil tyanni virodh keela aahe. busch aanee donald trump. biden prashasanadarmyan, rubinane chaar majee koshagar sachivansobat chalanwadh qamee karnyachya kayadyache samarthan kele aanee majee koshagar sachiv jacob lave yanchyakade kayamswarupi paratfediyogya baal curr patpurvatha karnyas pathimba deela.
april 2016 madhye, juuna 2016 chya sarvmatapurvi united kingdamla european unioncha sadasya rahanyache aavahan aavahan aath majee koshagar sachivanpaiki teey eka hote.
hawaman badal dhorane.
hawaman badal haah rubinchya dhoranatmak hitsambandhanpaiki eka aahe. 2014 madhye rubinane yuu. aii. chaa sadasya mhanoon kaam kele.ess. hawaman jokhim samitee, jine united statesmadhil hawaman badalachya aarthik jokhaminche vishleshan vikasit karnyache nirikshan kele. 4 march 2015 roji hawaman netrutva parishadet kelelya bhashanat rubin yanni hawaman badalache aarthik parinam aanee nishkriyatechya kharchabaddal bhashya kele. hawaman badalala "aaplya yugasathicha astitvavishayak dhoka" sambodhat tyanni teen prastav swikaranyache aavahan kele-hawaman badalachya bahyata pratibimbit karnyasathi sakal deshantargat utpadanachya andajat sudharana karane, kampanyandvare guntavanukdaranna tyanni utsarjit kelelya carbonchya kimmatichi mahitee dene jeey tyanna shoshane aavashyak asoo shakate aanee yuu. ess. madhye samavisht aahe.ess. hawaman badalachya jokhaminna adhik sakriy pratisad denyas madat karnyasathi-hawaman badalacha samna karnyasathi bhavishyatil kharchabaddal sarkarche vittiy andaj. hawaman badalakade durlaksh kelyane yu. ess. kase budavu shakate yaa shirshakachya 'washington poost' aup-edd stambhat tyanni pratham yaa prastavanchi ruparesha mandali.ess. arthvyavastha."
2016 madhye, hawaman sanshodhan gut-jokhamicha vyavasay prakalp-chey sadasya, majee koshagar sachiv rubin, heinry paulson aanee george schultz yanni united states securities andd exchange commissionla patra lihoon, niyamkansathi hawaman badalashi sambandhit aarthik prakatikaran vyavasthapit karnyache aavahan kele.
vaiyaktik jeevan.
rubin aanee tyachi patni, judith oo. rubinla done mothe mulge aahet, james rubin (majee mutsaddi aanee patrakar james rubin yanchyashi gondhal ghaloo nakaa, jyanni adhyaksh clinton yanchya netrutvakhali kaam kele) aanee phillip rubin. rubin heey miyami miyami mandir bett sholomche dirghkal sadasya hote.

