weltbune khatala

weltbune khatala haah wimer prajasattak kalat lashkaravar teeka vishvasaghat prasarmadhyame aanee patrakaranviruddhachi eka mahattvachi faujdari karvai hotee. saptahik 'dye weltbune' chey sampadak carl wonn ausitzki aanee patrakar aanee vimanchalan tadnya walter crezer yanchyavar deshdrohacha aanee lashkari guptatancha vishvasaghat kelyacha aarop thevanyat aala. november 1931 madhye tyanna 18 mahinyanchya turungvasachi shiksha sunavanyat aalee.
parshvabhoomi.
versailscha karar.
pahilya mahayuddhatil parabhavanantar, germanyla vharsaychya tahadvare ladalelya tyachya lashkari dalanvaril gambhir nirbandhanna sahmati darshavavi lagali. jaree tyanni kararavar swakshari kelee asali taree, reach sarkar aanee reachsweher yanni paddhatshirpane tyanchya tartudinna kamkuvat karnyacha prayatna keela. visheshtah, tyanni suruvatipasunach german sainyachya kamal 100,000 sainikanchya maryadepasoon door jaanyacha prayatna keela. sarkar aanee reixveharmadhil prabhavshali mandalanni guptapane nimalashkari tukadyanchya sthapanela pathimba deela aanee bekaydeshir shastrastre ubharali. yuddhanantarchya kalatil freecorpsmadhun udayas aalelya aanee black reichsweher mhanoonahi olakhalya olakhalya yaa nimalashkari sanghatana german deshantargat rajkaranatil asurakshitatecha eka satat srot hotya.
weimer prajasattakatil shantatavadi aanee lashkarivirodhi vartulanni reixveharchya vaganukikade antargat shantatesathi tasech german reichchya pararashtra dhoranasathi dhoka mhanoon pahile. vividh prakashananni yaa durupyogakade laksh vedhale. kalya reixweherne tyanna deshdrohi deshdrohi mahilanchya hatyevishayichya kathemule gunhegaranviruddha anek faujdari karvai jhalya. tathapi, weimer prajasattakachya suruvatipasunach, pakshapatipanamule yaa gunhyanchya kayadeshir prakriyet adthala aala. rajyachya mahattvachya hitsambandhanvaril bekaydeshir hallyanpasoon vaiyaktik nagrikala swasanrakshan karnyacha adhikar aahe' asey mhanat, 'ritch court auph justices' neey mahila mahila bajoone nikal deela. bekaydeshir shastranchya sathyacha vishvasaghat vishvasaghat shantatavadyanna deshdrohachya aaropakhali 10 teey 15 varshanchya turungvasachi shiksha sunavanyat aalee.
dosharop karnara lekh.
german lashkarachya gupt ubharanikade aanee visheshtah havai dalakade vishesh laksh laksh patrakaranmadhye viman designer walter crezer heey hote. 1925 teey 1927 yaa kalat tyanni konrad widehold yaa topananavakhali vimanchalnavar saat lekh prakashit kele. kele suruvatila tyanni niyatkalikala eka naveen lekh deu keela jyachya prakashanacha lakshaniy parinam hoil ashee tyanna aasha hotee. haah lekh hota jyamule khatala chalala.
samkalin rajkiy parshvabhoomichya viruddha, 12 march 1929 roji heinz jagger yaa topananavakhali prakashit jhalelya lekhat ('german vimanchalanatil vadali baabee') reachsweharchi naraji nirman jhaali yaat aashchary vatnyasarkhe kahee nahee. sadepach pananchya lekhat, krezarne shevatchya ardhya panala reachsweher aanee vimanchalan udyog yanchyatil sambandhansathi samarpit karnyapurvi german vimanchalan paristhitibaddalachya samanya prashnanna pratham sambodhit kele. yaa vibhagatoon asey disun aale qee reixware heey varvar pahata vharsaychya kararache ullanghan karoon havai dalachya gupt ubharanit guntalele hote. teey lufthansa sobat sobat vishesh uddan kendrat aanee johanisthal-adlershoff havaitalavaril german sanshodhan sanstha vimanchalan yethe kaam karat hote, jithe tyancha gupt lashkari vibhag hota.
karyavahi.
1 august 1929 roji faujdari takrar dakhal karnyat aalee. mukhya reach abhiyojakane russiachya antargat mantryanna kalavale qee yaa lekhamule prathamik tapas suru karnyat aala aahe. kaaran asey hote qee osietsky aanee crezer yanni rashtriy sanrakshanavishayichi mahitee jaheer kelee hotee qee german rajyala itar sarkaranpasun gupt thevanyache kaaran hote aanee yaa prakashanane asha prakare reechchi suraksha dhokyat aanali hotee. tapasadarmyan, osietskichya aanee tyachya nivassthanachya sampadakiy karyalayanmadhye shodh ghenyat aala. nantar august ausitzki yanna yaa prakaranabaddal chaukashi karnyat aalee.
rajkiy parinam.
faujdari takrar asoonahi, lekhachya prakashanamule reach sarkar duvidha madhye sapadale. jarr tyanni tyakade durlaksh kele asate kinwa keval nakar deela asata, tarr gupt punarshastrikaran prayatnanmadhil adhik tapasheel baher padanyachi jokhim tyanni patkarali asatee. dusarikade lekhak aanee prakashakachya virodhat kathor karvai karane heey german reach kharokharach versoy kararachya atinche ullanghan karat hote aanee guptapane havai dall tayar karat hote heey manya karnyasarkhe hote. parinami, reixware mantralay aanee pararashtra karyalayache hitsambandh khoop matbhed hote.
reach sanrakshn mantralayane punarvyavsthapan prakalpat soviet unionberoberchya mahattvachya lashkari sahkaryala dhoka naan nirman karnyasathi khoop kalji ghetali asavi (rapallo 1922 chaa taha pahaa). dusarikade, pararashtra karyalayala yaa vastusthiticha vichar karava lagla qee aagami jineva nihshastrikaran parishadet reechchya vataghatichya sthitila sarvajanik khatalyamule dhoka nirman hoil. khatalyachi suruvat itakya kaal lambanivar padali heey vastusthiti, aktoobar 1929 madhye gustav stressmanchya mrutyuparyant, jyachya netrutvakhali hote, tyaa pararashtra mantralayachya pratikaramule hote. tyanchya karyalayane lekhatil mahitee kharokharach gupt hotee qaa assa prashna upasthit keela.
tarihi karyavahi thambavanyat aalee nahee. nahee vasant rutumadhye, kayadeshir karyavahi suru karnyasathi, tyat sahbhagi asalelya teen mantralayanni shevati tadjodivar sahmati darshavali. lekh prakashit jhalyanantar done varshanhun adhik kalanantar, 30 march 1931 roji aaroppatra dakhal karnyat aale aanee khatala 8 meey roji suru honar hota.
nyayshastradnya.
sarkari abhiyojak karyalay aanee reach nyayalayachya bajoone, jyanna aadhich kshetrat kuprasiddhi midali hotee asha vakilanshi vyavhar karava lagat asey. jyachya nirdeshanusar osietzkiviruddha aaroppatra tayar karnyat aale hote, too richard paul jornes haah vakeel carl libkneck aanee rosa luxemberg yanchya hatyanchya tapasat sahbhagi hota aanee tyane purave nasht kele hote. chauthya faujdari sinetche adhyaksh alekzandar bomgarten yanni 1930 chya akheris ulm reichsweher khatalyachya adhyakshapadachi dhura sambhalali hotee, jyaveli edolph hitlerne tyachi 'kayadeshir ghoshana' kelee hotee.
prativadincha bachav prasiddha vakeel max alsberg, curt rosenfeld, alfried aii. pii. phela aanee rudolph olden yanni hatalala.
khatala.
pararashtra mantralayacha konatahi pratinidhi hajar naslyamule karyavahi twarit sthagit karnyat aalee. sanrakshn vibhagane aagrah dharala hota qee, sanrakshn mantralayachya reach vyatirikt, pararashtra karyalayane eka tadnya dekhil pathvava joou yaa lekhat paradeshat adnyat asaleli mahitee aahe qaa yaa prashnache uttar deil. pararashtra mantralayane matra, nyayalayin tarkhechi tarikh chukavoo dilee aanee karyavahichya pararashtra dhoranachya prabhavabaddal gambhir shanka kayam thevalya. akheris, 24 august 1931 roji, general aanee nantar ritch chanceller curt vonn schletcher yanchya dabavakhali, pararashtra karyalayane eka lekhee mutt tayar kele jeey khatalyachya velee vachale gele.
prasarmadhyame aanee janatela vagalanara khatala akheris 17 aanee 19 november 1931 roji jhaala. sashastr dalanchya reach mantralayache pramukh adhikari aanee vahtook mantralayache mantri vegarad yanni abhiyojan pakshasathi sakshidar mhanoon kaam kele. tyanni thampane sangitale qee lekhatil mahitee kharee aahe aanee rashtriy sanrakshanachya hitasathi tee gupt thewali gelee pahije. paradeshi guptachar sansthanni dekhil yaa lekhache moolyankan kele aahe yachee mejar himmerla khatri patali. matra, tyala yacha konatahi purava deta aala nahee.
nyayalayane bachavasathi serve 19 sakshidar fetalale. puravyasathichya mukhya vinantichehi nyayadhishanni mhanane aikale nahee. tyat, nondavalelya kriyakalapanchi paradeshat dirghkal mahitee hotee heey siddha karayache hote. ausitzki yanni swatah tyanchya vatine assa yuktivad keela qee yaa lekhacha uddesh keval arthsankalpavar teeka karane haah hota. jyaa vibhagala aakshep ghenyat aala hota, tyaa rachana mukhytah tyanchya swatachya hotya aanee adnyani lokanna tyaa kvachitach samajalya gelya. heey prakaran sarvajanik ghotalyat rupantar honyapurvi sanrakshn mantralayala ishara dene haah tyacha uddesh hota.
nirnay.
lashkari guptatanchya vishvasghataviruddha kayadyantargat kelelya gunhyansathi firyadi pakshane magani kelelya 18 mahinyanchya turungvasachi shiksha wonn osietzki aanee crezer yanna deuun 23 november roji khatala sampala.
tadnyanchya matey, prativadinni gupt thevanyachya uddeshane kharokharach mahiticha prasar keela hota, assa yuktivad nyayalayane aaplya tarkat keela. yaa prakaranat gopaniyatechi sankalpana keval sapeksh hotee, asey tyat mhatale aahe. kahee vishisht vartulanmadhye upkram aadhich dnyat hote qee nahee heey aprasangik hote. nyayalayane yavar bharr deela qee nagarikane tyachya deshaprati eknishth rahile pahije aanee aantarrashtriy kararanchya ullanghanacha manmanipane nishedh karoo shakat nahee. prativadi shantatavadi hote yaa vastusthiticha vapar karoon nyayalayane aavashyak hetuche samarthan kele. yamule nyayalayachya yaa nishkarshala samarthan midale qee tyanchya kamacha lashkari virodhi parinam vhava ashee tyanchi ichcha hotee. yamule, lashkarane gupt thevaleli ekhadi gosht ughad karanyachi ichcha 'apariharyapane' parinamkarak tharel.
dosharop haah deshdrohachya kayadyavar aadharit navhata, yacha arth nyayalayachya matey, prativadinni vaidhanik gunhyachya sambandhit ghatakanchi purtata keleli nahee assa hott nahee. tyaeivaji, nyayalayache mutt hote qee hergiri kayadyachya adhik vishisht faujdari gunhyane faujdari sanhitechya ashach sambandhit deshdroh kayadyache sthan ghetale.
nirnayache parinam.
rajkiy pratikriya.
osietskyne yaa vakyala upahasane pratikriya dilee. "deed varshe turungat? heey itake white nahee, kaaran germanytil swatantrya heey ichchit honyasathi barech kahee sodoon jaate. jeey turungat aahet aanee jeey naheet, tyantil farak qamee hott chalala aahe."teey mhanale qee yaa nikalamule tyanna aashchary vatale nahee, jaree tyanna vatale navhate qee khatalyacha assa nikal kalpana karnyayogya aaheh" mallah mahit aahe qee pratyek patrakar joou reixwehershee gambhirpane vyavhar karato tyala deshdrohachya khatalyachi apeksha karavi lagate; haah eka naisargik vyavsayik dhoka aahe. taridekhil, yaveli eka anandadayi badal karnyat aalah aamhi sabhagruh deshdrohi mhanoon navhe tarr hair mhanoon deshasathi sodale."
yaa nikalavar germany aanee paradeshat lakshaniy pratikriya midali. 1 december aanee 15 december 1931 chya ankat, khatalyabaddal paradeshi vruttapatrankadun asankhya tippanya prakashit jhalya, jyacha kalavadhi 'newyork evening poost' chya pudhil bhagat vyakt keela aaheh 'pratham, hii bigger-samyavadi patrakarala denyat aaleli sarvat kathor shiksha aahe aanee germanychya yuddhapoorv lashkarivadakade parat jaanyas asahmat asalelya konalahi german nyayalaye aata jyaa kathor vaganuk detat, tyache heey vaishishtya aahe. dusare mhanje, asey gruheet dharale pahije qee sarkar kinwa kiman pararashtra karyalay yaa nirnayala manyata denar nahee, kaaran teey kadachit phaar purvi visarlya gelelya kinwa durlakshit kelelya ghatanankade lokanche laksh vedhoon ghete. germany, jyacha jineva nihshastrikaran parishadepurvicha yuktivad nehmich versails kararachya atty purn jhalya hotya aanee tyane purnapane nihshastra kele hote, aata tyala pratibandhit havai dall kayam thevanyachya navyane kelelya aaropanpasun swatacha bachav karava lagel. bhavishyat, samikshak yaa lekhacha sandarbh nyayalayapeksha qamee deteel, jyane haah lekh itka dhokadayak manla qee tyane ausitzkila athara mahinyanchya turungvasachi shiksha kelee. konatehi apeal nahee aanee too [...] hii lamb shiksha bhogavi lagel. rashtriy samajvadi deshdrohi nehmi adhik saumyapane, sahasa kothadichi shiksha bhogatat, tarr lashkari dhoranacha udarmatvadi tikakar samanya gunhegaransah turungat jaato, heey german nyayalayanchya mudatiche vaishishtya aahe."
germanymadhyehi anek lokshahi rajkarani ghabarale hote. reichstagche adhyaksh paul lobe yanni lihileh "mallah kvachitach assa nirnay vatala aahe qee assa garbhpat jhaala aahe, keval kayadesheerach nahee tarr rajkiy drushtinehi, haah [...]..] majhya mahitipramane, asey kahihi lihile gele navhate jeey ektar paradeshanpasun lapavale jaau shakate kinwa upayukt tharoo shakate, jenekarun nikal mallah purnapane samjat nahee."
nikalanantar, vividh sanghatananni osietzkila turungvasachi shiksha bhoganyapasun rokhanyacha prayatna keela. udaharanarth, reachstagmadhye, soshal democratic partyne (ess. pii. dii.) reach sarkarla eka aupcharik sansadiy vinanti pathavun vicharale qee teey "reach nyayalayachya yaa nikalachi amalbajavani rokhanyasathi serve pavale uchalanyas tayar aahe qaa". manavadhikaransathi german leegdware nishedh baithka aanee swakshari mohima hotya. thomas mann, heinrich mann, arnold zweg aanee albert einstein yansarkhya anek pramukh lekhak aanee shastradnyanni nikalachi amalbajavani thambavanyasathi adhyaksh paul wonn hindenberg yanna dayechya shevatchya kshani kelelya yachikeche samarthan kele. parantu nyay mantralayane hii vinanti hindenbergkadehi pathavali nahee. asha prakare wonn ausitzkine 10 meey 1932 roji berlinchya tegal turungat tyachi turungvasachi shiksha suru kelee. nikalanantar walter crezer lagechach francemadhye paloon gela hota aanee asha prakare turungwas talhala hota. tyachya bajoone osietzkine yuktivad kelah "eka gosht aahe jyasathi konatihi chook nasavi, aanee mea serve mitra aanee virodhkansathi aanee visheshtah pudhil athara mahinyant majhya kayadeshir aanee sharirik kalyanachi kalji kalji yavar jore detoh mea nishthechya karanastav turungat jaat nahee, parantu turungat asatana mea sarvat gairsoyicha asato. mea laal makhmaline gundallelya reach nyayalayachya bhavyatela naman karat nahee, parantu russian turungatil kaidi mhanoon, sarvoch nyayalayachya nikalaviruddha eka jiwant pratyakshik aahe, jeey rajkiyadrushtya pakshapati aanee kayadeshir karya mhanoon white prakare vikrut asalyache disate."
rajkiy kaidyansathi khrismas maficha parinam mhanoon, osietskila 227 divasanchya turungvasanantar 22 december 1932 roji sodanyat aale.
kayadeshir moolyankan.
yaa khatalyachi bajoo mhanje reixware aanee nyayvyavasthene weimer prajasattak kalat tikatmak prasarmadhyamanvar kelelya sarvat tivra hallyanpaiki eka. shivay, paradeshi deshanna heey spasht jhaale hote qee germanycha aata versails kararachya mahattvachya muddyanche palan karnyacha hetu nahee. 28 februwari 1933 roji reachstag aaginantar nazinni tyala atak kelee hotee-agadi ausitzkichya chhalchhavanit qaid asatana dekhil tyala tyachya shiksheche parinam ajunahi jaanavale navhate. udaharanarth, udaharanarth nobel shantata puraskaravaril vadat, joou tyanna "germanychya punarshastrikaranavirodha tyanchya sangharshasathi" denyat aala hota, kahinni assa yuktivad keela qee shevati too tyachya deshacha doshi gaddar hota.
aajchya nyayshastradnyankadun yaa nirnayakade nazi nyayachya margavar takalele eka mahattvache paul mhanoon pahile jaate. reach nyayalayane swatachi kayadeshir vyavastha sthapan kelee hotee, jee kayade aanee sanvidhanavar aadharit navhati, parantu aspasht sankalpananvar ("pitrubhumiviruddha rajdroh", "nagarikanche nishtheche kartavya", "rajyache kalyan") aadharit hotee.
jungfer aanee mueller yanni lihileh "nazi kayadyasathi hii 'kalnirdharan' seva asalyache reach vakeel nithmer yanni manya kele aanee 'rashtriy' bachavpatu alphons sackney reach courtache tyachya 'dhadsi paulasathi' kautuk kele...] rajyachya naveen kalpanela vijay midvoon denyat madat karnyasathi sanvidhanachya patrachya virodhat '. asey kartana tyane 'naveen kayadyachya nirmitimadhye' aapale yogdan dile hote, jyasathi keval german lokanche sanrakshn heey manak tayar karate.kahee vegalya shabdat, osietzkicha bachavkarta olden yane tyach goshtiche varnan keleh' yethoon kayadyachi aanee nyayachi bhavna yete jee sarvoch nyayalayala serve kayadeshir sankalpananchi rashtriy samajvadi modtod, jevha teey 'rajyachya kalyanachi seva karate tevha hatyeche kayadeshirkaranakade netat.""
tyachya doshasiddhinantar, osietzkine manya kele qee prajasattakane kiman "kayadeshir prakriyechi shishtachar" japali aahe. tathapi, 1 december 1931 madhye tyanni lihileh "ekada boxhemchya vyaspithanusar tisra reach niyantrit jhaala qee [german vakeel verner bestney tayar kelelya nazi adhigrahanasathi 1931 chya yojana], nantar crezer aanee mea sarkhya deshdrohina konatyahi gondhalavina golya ghatalya jaatil."

