transmembrane vahinya

transmembrane vahinya, jyanna puttle vahinya asehi mhanatat, tyaa lipid dvistariy chhidre asatat. patalavar kinwa peptideswar peptideswar prathin sankulandware vahinya tayar kelya jaau shakatat. teey peshi puttle olandun, cytosol kinwa cytoplasmla bahya koshikeey matrixshee jodu shakatat. kendrak, endoplasmic reticulum, golgi upkaran, mitochondria, chloroplast aanee lysosomes avyavanchya patalanmadhye dekhil transmembrane vahinya aadhaltat. 
transmembrane vahinya anek prakare vahatookdar aanee pampanpeksha bhinn aahet. kahee vahinya samanya vahatookdar aanee pampanpeksha qamee nivadak asatat, jyaa pramukhyane aakar aanee ionic charjdware dravkanmadhye farak karatat. vahinya samagrichi nishkriy vahtook karatat, jyala sulabh prasar asehi mhanatat. pampanna karya karnyasathi urjechi aavashyakta asate, tarr vahak ektar samagriche nishkriy kinwa sakriy hastantaran karoo shakatat.
puttle vahinya chalavanyachya anek paddhati aahet. sarvat samanya mhanje gated channell, jyala chhidra ughadanyasathi kinwa lock karnyasathi voltage-gated channelmadhil puttle kshamatet badal yasarkhya triggerchi aavashyakta asate. majjatantunmadhye kriya kshamata nirman karnyasathi voltage-gated vahinya mahattvapoorn aahet, parinami majjatantu aaveg hoto. legand-gated vahineela vahini sakriy karnyasathi neurotransmittersarkhya rasayanachi aavashyakta asate. taana-gated vahinya ughadanyasathi vahinyavar yantrik shakti lagoo karane aavashyak asate. ekwaporin heey peshi patalatil hydrophobic aateel bhagat panyachya halchalisathi samarpit vahinya aahet.
aayan vahinya yaa eka prakarchya transmembrane vahinya aahet jyaa sakaratmak prabharit aayan (soodiyam, potassium, calcium, hydrogen aanee magneshiyam) aanee nakaratmak prabharit aayan (chloride) yanchya nishkriy vahatukisathi jababdar aahet aanee ektar gated kinwa legand-gated vahinya asoo shakatat. potassium aayan vahini hii sarvottam abhyas kelelya aayan vahinyanpaiki eka aahe. sodiyamchya viruddha nivadak asatana potassium aayan vahini potassium aayanchya jalad halchalila anumati deu shakate. ksh-kiran vivartan mahitee aanee anoo pratikruti gananecha vapar karoon vahinichya sambhavya sanrachanet anek prathine alfa-helics asatat, jeey padadyachya lipid dvistariyachya ardhya margavar asalelya sarvat arund bindupasoon taskashachya aakarache chhidra tayar karatat. vahinitoon jaanyasathi potassium ayanani tyanche jaleey matricks sodane aanee carbonyl oxygensne banalelya nivadak filtermadhye pravesh karane aavashyak aahe. potassium aayan eka velee eka anoomadhun paach vegvegalya catayan (sakaratmak prabharit aayan) bandhan sthalandvare jaatat.
aayan vahinichya bighadamule bighadamule roganmadhye cystic fibrosischa samavesh hoto, jithe chloride aayansathiche pravah ughadu shakat nahee kinwa fuffuse, aatade, swadupind, yakrut aanee tvachechya peshinmadhye gahal hote. peshi yapudhe meeth aanee panyachi sandrata niyantrit karoo shakat naheet, parinami rogachi lakshane disun yetat. aayan vahinyanmadhil bighadamule bighadamule atirikt vikaranmadhye apasmaracha prakar, hrudayatil atalata, vishisht prakarche niyatkalik ardhangvayu aanee ataxia yancha samavesh hoto.

