
mukhya yantrik abhiyanta

mukhya yantrik abhiyanta aanee locomotive adhikshak hii british, austreliyan aanee newzealand railway kampanyanni companychya mandalala, engine aanee rolling stockchya bandhkam aanee dekhbhalisathi jababdar asalelya vyaktila dileli padvi aahe. brittenmadhye 1830 chya dashakachya uttaradhat 'locomotive adhikshak' aanee 1886 madhye 'mukhya yantrik abhiyanta' heey padd suru karnyat aale.
udayonmukh vyavsayik bhoomika.
victorian yugachya suruvatichya kalat, prakshepit kalwa kinwa railway yojana pravartakanchya gatanni tayar kelya hotya, jyanni margache sarvekshan karnyasathi nagri abhiyante, sarvekshak, vastuvisharad kinwa kantratdar yasarkhya tadnyanchi nemanook kelee hotee; aanee yamule tyanche prastav mandanyasathi vivaranpatra tayar karnyat aale. sambhavya guntavanukdarankadun purese bhandwal ubharale jaau shakate, prastavit margavar jaminmalakankadun midavalele karar aanee brittenmadhye sansadecha kayada prapt keela jaau shakato (itar deshanmadhye bhinn shabdavali vaparali jaate), tarr bandhkam ektar tee bandhanyasathi aanee chalvanyasathi visheshtah sthapan kelelya naveen kampanidware kinwa vidyaman kampanidware suru houu shakate.
kalwa kinwa railwaychi rachana, bandhkam aanee dainandin kamkaj asha purushandware vyavasthapit kele jaat asey jeey anyatha pravartkansathi kaam karoo shakat asat. kahee agraganya railway bandhav swayam-shikshit hote, parantu itaranni kalve bandhanyacha kinwa lashkari sevet tyancha abhiyantriki anubhav midavala hota. brittenmadhye, 1818 madhye londonmadhye nagri abhiyantyanchya sansthechi sthapana karnyat aalee hotee, thomas telford heey tyache pahile adhyaksh hote aanee tyachi sthapana anek railway yojananchya purvichi hotee. tyala 1828 madhye shahee sanad midali. nantar, 1847 madhye yantrik abhiyantyanchi sanstha sthapan karnyat aalee, jyache pahile adhyaksh george stephenson hote. british lashkari sanstha, royal engineerschi tukadi, yaa donhi nagri abhiyantriki sansthanpeksha junie hotee aanee teela (lashkari) railway operationscha vyapak anubhav hota. yaa karanastav, 1840 madhye vyapar mandalane sthapana kelyapasoon jawaljawal 150 varshe, tichya mahamahim railway nirikshalayane aaplya "varishtha" shakhet, yogya patra nivrutt adhikanyanna "railway tapasani adhikari" mhanoon bharati kele. yaa adhikaanyaanee nirikshanalayat tyanche purviche lashkari padd kayam thewale. 1985 saalee purvichya lashkari karkirdishivay railway tapasani adhikadhyachi niyukti honar hotih adhikadhyachi badali 'kanishth' shakhetoonah majee 'railway rojgar nirikshak' mhanoon jhaali. yach kalavadhit, jawaljawal deed shatkat, shahee abhiyantyanchya tukadicha eka nivrutt adhikari "mukhya tapasani adhikari" mhanoon yaa nirikshalayache netrutva karat hota. charles blacker vignolsasarkhya itar majee lashkari adhikanyanna, napolean yuddhanantar jevha teey qamee rojgarat aale tevha relvemadhye naveen karkird midvayachi hotee.
brittenmadhye, vividh railway kampanyanni abhiyantyachi kinwa mukhya abhiyantyachi niyukti kelee aanee tyanna niyukt kele, joou sahasa vyavasayane nagri abhiyanta hota. udaharanarth, kantratdaranchya tulanet hii companytil kayamswarupi vyavasthapan bhoomika hotee, jyanna keval margikechya bandhkamasarkhi vishisht kaame karnyasathi niyukt kele gele hote. mukhya abhiyantyacha swatacha vibhag (aanee andajpatrak) hota aanee too companycha eka mahattvacha adhikari hota. mukhya abhiyanta serve abhiyantriki karyansathi jababdar hotah nagri, jyat pool, vidacts, bogade aanee track yancha samavesh hota; aanee nantar, yantrik, jyamadhye rolling stockcha samavesh hota. 1830 madhye suru jhalelya liverpool aanee manchester railway (ell andd emm. aar.) sarkhya kahee suruvatichya relvemadhye, sthir injine aanee dorkhand vaparayache qee firnari injine vaparayachi yababat anishchitata hotee. locomotive khoop judd asalyane aanee tyanna chalvavya lagananya cast lokhandi rail tutalyachi aanee locomotivechi chake tutanyachi aanee/kinwa padanyachi prakarane udbhavali hotee. shevati, ell andd emm. aar. chya mandalane halana enginanchya vaparas sahmati darshavali aanee parjanyaman chachanyanmadhye vividh tadnya bandhkam vyavasayikankadun spardhedvare rolling stockchi nivad karnyat aalee. tyanantar lavkarach, anek railway kampanya tyanchya swatachya railway karyashala ubharanar hotya, jaree railway kampanyanni 1828 madhye george aanee robbert stephenson yanni sthapan kelelya robbert stephenson aanee kampanisarkhya tadnya utpadkankadun locomotives kharedi karane suru thewale. kahee railway kampanya tyanchya swatachya pherii, boaty aanee jahaje chalvat asat aanee hii tyanchya mukhya abhiyantyanchi jababdari dekhil asatee, parantu tyanna shipyardmadhun aurder dilee gelee asatee. isambard kingdam brunelane eka udaharan mandale, teen mahan vafechya jahajanchi rachana keleeh ess. ess. gret western, ess. ess. gret britton aanee ess. ess. gret eastern-pahile done bristall shipyardmadhye aanee tisare londonchya milwall yethe bandhale jaat aahet. skotlandmadhil abhiyante aanee jahaj bandhani sansthechi sthapana 1857 madhye skotlandmadhil yaa vyaparansathi eka vyavsayik sanstha mhanoon karnyat aalee.
yantrik abhiyantrikiche visheshatva railwaver sthapit jhaale, halavanyachya bhaganvar bharr deela gela; aanee, mahatva lakshat gheta, heey vishvasaniy locomotives, carridge aanee wagonchi rachana aanee nirmitishi sambandhit hote. khasgi kampanya yaa vastunchi rachana aanee nirmiti maganisathi karatat aanee railway companyanna manak rachana deu shakatat tasech vishisht grahakanchya garja purn karnyasathi "vishesh" deu shakatat; anyatha railway kampanya tyanche swatache locomotive aanee carridge tayar karnyasathi karyashala sthapan karoo shakatat aanee karoo shakatat. udaharanarth, august 1837 madhye, gret western relvesathi jababdar abhiyanta isambard kingdam brunal yane companysathi daniele gooch locomotive adhikshak niyukt keela; aanee locomotive, tyanchyasathi nivassthan aanee dhavnari aanee durustichi dukane pradan karane hii tyanchi jababdari hotee. goochane eka harit kshetra, naveen gund suchavale aanee yamule railwayche kaam, eka railway gaav aanee akheris gundanche shahar bandhale jaeel. englandmadhye nirman jhalelya railway shahar kinwa samudayache swindon heey ekmev udaharan navhteh creave heey dusare hote.
locomotive adhikshak.
suruvatila, jevha railway companyne swatacha rolling stock gharee tayar karane nivadle, tevha yantrik abhiyantriki pailu mukhya abhiyantyache sahayyak karya manale jaat asey aanee heey 'locomotive vibhagache pramukh', 'locomotive foreman' aanee 'locomotive adhikshak' yasarkhya vividh nokarichya shirshakanmadhye pratibimbit hote.
nantar, locomotive adhikshakachi pratishtha aanee pagar sudharanyachi ichcha hotee aanee tee uddishte sadhya karnyache eka sadhan mhanje mukhya yantrik abhiyanta (see. emm. eae.) mhanoon padd mage ghene. lancashire aanee yorkshire railwayche johnn espinal heey 1886 madhye tyaa padavar niyukt honare pahile see. emm. eae. hote. aanakhi sahaa british railway kampanyanni 1902 teey 1914 darmyan see. emm. eae. chey padd tayar kele.
karye.
mukhya yantrik abhiyanta heey locomotiveschya serve pailunsathi jababdar hote aanee tyat tyanchi rachana, chachani aanee vidyaman designsmadhye badal yancha samavesh hota.
suruvatiche yantrik abhiyanta yantrik halchal karananya bhaganshi sambandhit hote aanee anek varshe yaa jababdarimadhye railway signalling, visheshtah points aanee semaphore signal dekhil samavisht hote, kaaran heey purnapane yantrikaritya chalavale jaat hote. relvemadhye qamee veej veej upalabdh karoon dilyane, taar, durdhvani aanee vidyut sanket pranali yasarkhya vividh naveen pranali suru karnyat aalya; aanee yaa pranalinchya jababdanya sanket aanee taar (ess andd tii) vibhagakade hastantarit karnyat aalya.