
salmon-shrenichi panbudi

1930 chya dashakat united states naudalachya 'salmon' shrenichya panbudya 'fleet submarin' sankalpanechya rachneteel eka mahattvache vikasatmak paul hote. mageel "porpoise" vargachya tulanet eka vadhiv sudharana, teey vishvasarh pranodan prakalpasah 21 gathee sadhya karnare pahile americi panbudi varg hote, jyamule tyanna prushthbhagachya tafyatil manak-prakarchya yuddhanaukansah kaam karanyachi parvanagi midali. tasech, tyanchi indhan naan bharaleli shreni tyanna japani gharguti panyat kaam karnyas anumati deil. yaa khadkal aanee vishvasarh naukanayananni dusya mahayuddhadarmyan tyanchya tatkal uttaradhikaryansaha ashach prakarchi utkrusht seva puravali. kahee sandarbhanmadhye, "salmon" aanee "sargo" yanna "nyu ess class", 1laa aanee 2raa gut mhanatat.
rachana.
winson-trammel kayadyachya aarthik varsh 1936 chya tartudinusar adhikrut, done bhinn, parantu atishay samaan, rachana vikasit karnyat aalya, jyaa teen vegvegalya nirmatyanni bandhalya. grotenchi vidyut nauka company, kanektikatane rachana aanee bandhani kelee, aanee (ess. ess.-182 teey 184). naudalachi pramukh panbudi rachana sanstha, portsmouth nevel shipyard auph kiitrii, mainene sarkari gatasathi eka rachana sadar kelee, jee aanee (ess. ess.-185 aanee 186) jhaali. portsmouth yojana vaparoon aanee pathpurava yard mhanoon kaam karat, californiatil vallegoche ghode bett naudal shipyard bandhale gele. pudhil engine kholee aanee karmchanyanchya nivassthanansathi pravesh hatcheschi thikane, aadvya conning tower cylindercha aakar aanee sarvat mahattvache mhanje, mukhya induction walve bund karane yasarkhya kirkol tapashilanmadhye done designs bhinn hotya. yaa farkamule 'snapper' aanee 'sturgeon' madhye jivitahani jhaali aanee 'squalus' nasht jhaala. porpoise'-classchya rachnepeksha motha, vidyut botidware sthapit kelelya conning towerchya done avtal golakar tokanna, portsmouthchya rachanecha shevat mage avtal aanee pudhe eka bahirmukh hota. portsmouth aanee mayer betanna tyanchya conning towersmule utpadan adachani aalya, jyamule darade sapadale jyamule cylinder aavashyak daab chachanimadhye ayashasvi jhaala. hii samasya yashasviritya sodavanyat aalee, parantu yaa anubhavamule sarkari yardanni pudhil anek varshansathi duheri avtal rachana sweekarli.
bahyadrushtya, conning tower fairwaterchya magchya tokavaril varchya kathachya aakarat kirkol farak hote. vidyut naukechya rachnemadhye yaa tatbandichya dishene haloohaloo khalchya dishene qamee hott gele, sarkari rachana thodi jaast aanee saral hotee. tasech, vidyut nauka trikutat 34 phoot unchichya done pariscope hotya. yamule fairwaterchya varr eka byanpaiki lahan periscope katri aadhar rachana tayar jhaali. teen sarkari botinmadhye eka 34 phoot aanee eka 40 phoot pariscope hota aanee yamule unch katarane aanee aadhar stanchenchi aavashyakta hotee.
vidyut botidware bandhalele 'porpoise' heey serve-welded designmadhye bandhanyat aale hote. sarkari yardmadhil puranmatvadi abhiyante aanee jahaj bandhanare prayatnasheel aanee khyan reveetingmadhye adakale. vidyut botichi paddhat utkrusht siddha jhaali, jyamule eka majboot aanee kadak nauka upalabdh jhaali, tasech khol charge hallyanantar indhan telachya takyanchi galatee rokhali gelee. shevati electric botinchya navinyachya parinamkaraktechi khatri patali, sarkari yardanni akheris tyanchya teen "salmon" sathee ghauk weldingmadhye rupantarit kele aanee naudal yaa nikalanmule purnapane samadhani hote.
yaa vargachya sahaa boaty aadhichya 'porpoise' vargachya nantarchya botinpasoon thet vyutpann hotya. jaree bahutek babatint yashasvi manale jaat asale taree, 'porpoise' madhoon maulyavan dhade shikale gele hote aanee karyanubhavane karyatmak lifafa vistaranyachi garaj darshavili. salmonchi lambi jaast, judd aanee vegwan aavrutti hotee, jyat adhik changli antargat vyavastha aanee judd shastrastre hotee. mageel torpedo kholeet done atirikt torpedo tube jodanyat aalya, ekoon chaar forward aanee chaar forwardsathi. torpedo deta sanganakachya vikasamule, broadside halle vyavharik banalyane, stern tube adhik vanchhaniy banalya hotya. kahee panbudyanna sahaa nall pudhe havey hote, parantu tyaa kalatil rachana tattvadnyan aanee davpechanni adyap yala samarthan dile nahee; yavyatirikt, varshanuvarshe atirikt nalya puravanyasathi aavashyak asalelya tunnagecha andaj atiaakalit hota. tathapi, vahoon nenyat yenanya torpedochi sankhya vadhavanyachya prayatnat, mukhya dekchya khalee varchya sanrachanet chaar naun-firing torpedo stovage tube basavanyat aalya, jyaa ubhyapane stack kelya gelya, conning towerchya donhi bajunna pratyeki done. yaa nalyanmadhil shastrastranparyant pohochanyasathi, botila prushthbhagavar yeuun deck ganchya donhi bajunchya dekcha eka bhag kadhoon takawa lagla. muktatesathi kinanyavar khalashanna dhavavanyasathi tithe thevalelya chhotya boaty kadhoon panyat takalya gelya. nalikanmadhun eka eka karoon shastre kadhali jaat hotee aanee mukhya dekparyant nenyat yet hotee. tyanantar tyanna unchavalelya loading skidwar thewale gele aanee pudhchya torpedo kholeet hatchdware kaljipurvak eka konat khalee utaravale gele. hii sampoorn prakriya purn honyasathi anek taas lagale. shatruchya panyamadhye prushthbhagavar anek taas ghalavanyachi avyavharikta, khalee firana torpedo designersver haravali. yuddh anubhavamule naukanchya pahilya yuddhakalin durustidarmyan yaa nalya kadhoon taknyat aalya.
bandhkamadarmyan yaa naukanmadhye done bhinn mukhya (dizzell) engine prakar basavanyat aale hote. sarkari naukanche naveen model jee. emm.-winton 16-248 vhee16 midale. jee. emm.-vintanchya sthir vikas karyane purvichya samasya mothya pramanat sudharlya hotya aanee heey engine byanpaiki vishvasarh aanee khadbadit asalyache siddha jhaale. teen vidyut nauka unitna hoover-ovens-rentsler (hoar) duheri-karyarat enginechi nauu-cylinder aavrutti midali. heey vafechya enginechya yashasvi rachnevar aadharit hote. pistonchya donhi dishanna power stroke asalyane, yaa engine paramparik inn-line kinwa vhee-prakarchya enginechya aakarachya jawaljawal duppat ashvashaktiche aashvasan dile. durdaivane, hoerla rachana aanee nirmitimadhye gambhir adchanincha samna karava lagla jyamule sankalpana antargat jwalanmadhye rupantarit jhaali. jwalan kakshanmadhil asantulanamule teey atee compan karatat. yamule engine tutale aanee gaadee chalavanyat adachani aalya. gearingchya ayogya nirmitimule gearche daat tutale. engineche vachan sodanyas anichha darshavat, motee bandaravaril hallyanantar americene prashant yuddhat pravesh karnyaparyant naudalane ghodyala sobat thewale, jevha vadhiv nidhi aanee parichalan garja yaa engines botichya pahilya yuddhakalin overhaulchya velee gm-winton 16-278 neey badalale.
porpoise'-shrenichya 'dizzell-electric drive' madhye gambhir samasya udbhavalya. yamule pranodan prakalpat aamulagra badal karnyacha nirnay ghenyat aala. salmon' madhye tathakathit 'sammishra drive' basavanyat aale hote. yaa vyavasthemadhye, pudhil engine kholitil done mukhya injine 'porpoise' neey tharavalelya paddhatine generator chalavatat. enginechya nantarchya kholeet, done bajuchi injine qamee karnyasathichya gearsla chikatoon thevanyat aalee hotee, jee enginechya pudhe, compan-vilag hydraulic tavadisah basaleli hotee. propeller shaft pratyek qamee karnyachya gearsmadhun mage netat aanee enginechya baher basavale jaat asat. pratyek khambachya baher done uchch-gatichya vidyut motors basavanyat aalya hotya, jyaa thet qamee karnyachya gears jodalya gelya hotya. prushthbhagavaril karyasathi engines qamee karnyachya gears jodale gele aanee generator engine motorla atirikt voltage pradan karat propeller thet chalavale gele. panyakhalil operationsathi, thet drive engine qamee karnyachya gearsmadhun kadhoon taknyat aale aanee motors batterydware puravilelya vijays shaft chalvat asat. pahilya mahayuddhapasun americi naudalane manak prakarchya yuddhanaukansah chalanyasathi 21-gathichya tafyatil panbudicha shodh ghetala hota. 1920 chya dashakat 'barakuda' aanee 'vhee-boats' yaa shrenitil pahile prayatna avishvasaniy enginanmule ayashasvi tharale. vishvasarh pranodan prakalpasah 21 notscha ichchit veg sadhya karnara salmon haah pahila americi panbudi varg hota. tathapi, hii asamanya vyavastha khoopach arund hotee, jyamule mageel engine kholichi dekhbhal aanee durusti kahishi katheen jhaali.
yaa serve sahaa panbudya (aanee tyanantarchya serve yu.ess. 1940 chya dashakachya uttaradhaparyant) naudalachya panbudya "aanshik-duheri patangachya" rachnemadhye bandhalya gelya hotya. yaa patangachya prakarat, aateel daab pratirodhak patangache aavaran bahya hydrodynamically gulgulit patangachya aavaranane gundallele asate. yaa done pattyanmadhil jaaga bhaar aanee indhan takyansathi vaparali jaate. bahya prushthbhag pudhe asalelya bhagamadhye aanee torpedo kholichya bulkheadsnenter daab prushthbhagamadhye sahajpane qamee hoto, jyamule daab prushthbhag botichya tokala ughad hoto. haah pratyakshat eka fayda aahe kaaran yamule dekhbhalisathi yaa bhagatil daab patangacha pravesh hoto. purn duheri patangachya botimadhye, bahya patangacha patta daab patangacha purnapane aavak karato aanee atishay arund tokanmule durusti aanee dekhbhalisathi daab patangachya kathaparyant pohochane khoop katheen hote.
sevecha itihas.
chaloo karane aanee yuddhapoorv seva.
portsmouth tyanchya utpadan paddhatinmadhye byanpaiki karyaksham asalyache siddha jhaale aanee vijevar chalanari boat 'salmon' hii pramukh boat karyanvit karnyasathi pohochavanyapurvi teey 'snapper' aanee 'stingre' donhi purn karnyat aanee karyanvit karnyat yashasvi jhaale. kharey tarr, sarkarne yaa vargachya tinhi bandhalelya naukanayani vyavsayikdrushtya bandhalelya tyanchya samkakshanna mage takat sevet utaravale.
karyanvit jhalyanantar, yaa nauka tafyat khoop sakriy hotya, suruvatila atlantic tafyasah karyarat hotya, caribeanmadhye aanee panama kalvyachya donhi bajunna sarav karat hotya. 1939 chya uttaradhat teey paisiphik fleetmadhye hastantarit jhaale, edmiral wilheim ell. yanchya netrutvakhali sann diyegomadhun gharee pathvanyat aale. frydale. aktoobar 1941 madhye, kshitijavar yuddh dhag yet asatana, serve "salmon" aanee itar bahutek naveen upalabdh panbudya yu. ess. laa balkat karnyachya vilambit prayatnancha bhag mhanoon ashiyai tafyat hastantarit karnyat aalya.ess. aanee philipinesmadhil sahyogi sainya. dakshin indo-chinavar japanchya tabyat aanee august 1941 madhye american-british-duchya pratikaratmak teel bandimule aantarrashtriy tanav vadhala hota. yuddh suru hoiparyant tyanni manila khaditil pokalitoon kaam kele.
dusare mahayuddha.
agadi suruvatipasunach, philipineschya sanrakshanasathi 'salmon' mothya pramanat ladhale jaat hote. edmiral thomas see. yanna upalabdh asalele ashiyai tafyatil panbudya heey prathamik prahar karnare sainya hote. haart, tafyacha senapati. tyala donhi varganche sola 'salmon' kinwa 'sargo' niyukt karnyat aale hote. japani lokanni 10 december 1941 paryant cavite navie yardver bomb takala nahee, tyamule hallyapurvi jawaljawal serve panbudya suru honyas saksham hotya.
tafyatil panbudya mhanoon tyanchya bhoomikesathi 'salmon' madhye tayar kelelya gunanmule teey ladhatana disana yuddhasathi teey yogya tharale, parantu kahee truti samore aalya jyaa yuddhapurvi spasht navhatya. heey lakshat aale qee purvi manya kelelya velepeksha boaty prushthbhagavar khoop jaast vel ghalavatil. asha prakare conning tower fairwatercha motha bhag eka dayitva banala. tyanchya utkrusht durbinicha vapar karoon tikshna dolhyanni disanare japani lock heey khoop sahajpane shodhu shakat hote. asey aadhalun aale qee fairwater plating kahee bhag pulachya pudhe aanee mage donhi bajula kapale jaau shakatat, jyamule chhayachitra mothya pramanat qamee hote. viman aanee prushthbhagavaril lahan lakshyanviruddh upayukt asalelya 20 miimii aurlican autocanancesathi aarohanachi thikane tayar karnyacha dekhil yacha vanchhaniy parinam jhaala.
yu. ess. aine. madheel radarcha velevar vikas haah shahee japani naudalavaril antim vijayat eka mahattvacha ghatak asalyache siddha jhaale aanee salmon aanee itar yu. ess. aine. panbudyanmadhye tyacha samavesh kelyane tyanna shodh aanee sanrakshanat mahattvapoorn fayda jhaala. yuddh suru jhalyapasun kahee divasantach pahile sanch upalabdh jhaale aanee 1942 madhye durusti suru asatana tyanchi navanshi olakh karoon denyat aalee.
mool chinh 21 3-inch (76 miimii)/50 caliber deck gunn sevemadhye khoop halki asalyache siddha jhaale. tyat apang kinwa lahan lakshyanna karmchanyanchya soyinusar lavkar purn karnyasathi puresa fatka navhata. tyachi jaaga 9 4 inch (102 miimii)/50 caliber ganane 1943-44 madhye ghetali gelee, bahutek prakarananmadhye ess-botitoon kadhoon prashikshan kartvyavar hastantarit kele gele.
panbudiche sainya yuddhachya pahilya adich varshant lokpriy 'salmon' varr mothya pramanat avalambun hote, tyapaiki kahinni 1945 paryant prashikshan kartavye sopavanyapurvi 15 yuddh gast purn kelee.
"30 aktoobar 1944 roji japani escort jahajanni kelelya tivra khol charjingmadhye 'salmon' kvachitach bachavali. tee ladhau kartvyatoon nivrutt jhaali aanee urvarit yuddh prashikshan nauka mhanoon vyateet kele.
"skipjack" haah yuddhanantar donada lakshya mhanoon kharch karnyat aalah ekada operation crossroadsmadhye 25 julai 1946 roji bikini etol yethe anushastra chachanya aanee punha 11 august 1948 roji californiatil vimanachya rocketche lakshya mhanoon.