baa congress

baa congress, jyala sant seva congress () kinwa gret peaples congress asehi mhanatat, hii draja mihailovikchya chetnik chalvalichya pratinidhinchi baithak hotee jee 25 teey 28 janewari 1944 darmyan keeh mahayuddhadarmyan sarbiyachya german-vyapt pradeshatil baa gavat aayojit karnyat aalee hotee. tyanni chetnikanche pratispardhi, communist netrutvakhalil yugoslav pakshakaranni tharavalelya yugoslaviyasathichya yuddhanantarchya yojananna rajkiy paryay pradan karnyacha prayatna keela aanee chetnikancha pathimba mage ghetana yugoslav pakshakaranna tyancha vishesh pathimba denyacha pramukh sahyogi shaktincha nirnay ulatavanyacha prayatna keela.
yugoslaviachya rashtriy muktisathi (avanoj) communist netrutvakhalil facistvirodhi parishadechya keeh adhiveshanat november 1943 madhye pakshapati yojana aakhanyat aalee hotee. chetnik chalval aanee mihailovic heey aantaryuddh kalatil serb-varchasva asalelya, rajeshahivadi yugoslaviamadhye parat yenyachya dishene kaam karat asatana, avanojane tharavale hote qee yuddhanantarche yugoslavia heey sahaa samaan, ghatak prajasattakansah eka sanghiy prajasattak asel aanee raja pieter II laa tyachya rajvatiche bhavishya nishchit karnyasathi lokpriy sarvmatapurvi haddaparatun parat yenyacha adhikar nakarla hota. avanojane pudhe thampane sangitale hote qee teey yugoslaviache ekmev vaidh sarkar aahe.
baa congresschya veleparyant, chetnik chalvalicha motha bhag kabja kelelya sainyachya sahkaryane odhala gela hota. yugoslaviyatil mitrarashtranchya dhoranas pradhanya pradhanya britishanni moolatah chetnikanna pathimba deela hota, parantu december 1943 paryant, assa nishkarsh kadhala hota qee chetnikanna akshanshi ladhanyapeksha pakshakaranchya virodhat akshasah sahkarya karnyat adhik rus hota. chachani mhanoon, tyanni mihailovikala belgrade-teey-salonica railway margavaril done vishisht pulanvar hallah karnyas sangitale, jeey kadhich ghadale nahee. november-december november-december tehran parishadet pramukh mitrapakshanni pakshakaranna pathimba badalanyas sahmati darshavali. tathapi, pakshakaranna sarbiyachya german-vyapt pradeshat pravesh midala navhata aanee german lokambarobar chetnikanni novembermadhye kelelya yuddhaviramachya (aanee bahudha congressla tyanchya maun pathimbyamule) sanyuktapane, chetnikanni baa congresschi yojana banavali, jyacha uddesh avanojchya tharavanna sambodhit karane, yuddhanantarchya yugoslaviasathi paryayi rajkiy drushtikon pradan karane aanee mitrapakshanchi-parantu visheshtah amerikechi-chetnik chalvalila pathimba mage mage tehran parishadechya nirnayambaddal badalanyache sadhan mhanoon rajkiy havbhav mhanoon aakhala.
25 janewari 1944 roji lahan samajvadi pakshache yuddhapoorv nete zivko topalovic heey adhyaksh mhanoon congresschi suruvat jhaali. congressne avanojala "ustasha-samyavadi alpasankhyakanche kaam" mhanoon nishedh keela, pakshapati aanee ustasha heey sarbancha naash karnyasathi ekatra aale asalyacha dawa karnari vidyaman prachar moheem suru thewali. tyane raja pieter dusra aanee yugoslavmadhil nirvasit sarkarla dekhil purn pathimba deela aanee german aanee tyanchya mitrapakshanna chetnik chalvalicha virodh punha ekada thaam keela. pudhe, serve samyavadvirodhi sarbanna gulamgirichya astitvasathi ladhanyasathi sanghatit karnyacha sankalp keela. tyanni chetnik chalvalitil serve ghatakanna ekatra aananyachya prayatnat yugoslav democratic national union (jeey. dii. aine. ess.) yaa naveen rajkiy pakshachi sthapana kelee. shevati, tyane yugoslaviachya rajkiy aanee samajik-aarthik bhavishyasathi swatacha drushtikon prastavit keela. yaa rajkiy chaukatit eka serb sarvbhoum aanee tripakshiy sanghiy rajya samavisht hote, jyamadhye fakt serb, croates aanee slovensasathi ghatak hote, serb unit varchasva gajavat hote, jeey serbian rashtravadi aanee mothya sarbiyachya atireki kalpanechya shailit hote. tathapi, congressmule germanychya tabyat asalelya sarbiyachya pradeshat german aanee rashtriy mokshasathichya kathputali sarkarchya shaktinshi alp kalavadhisathi sahkarya qamee jhaale, yuddhachya yaa tappyavar aanee chetnikambaddalachya mitrapakshanchya dhoranat badal jhalyane, chalvalichi sthitee sudharanyasathi kahihi kele jaau shakale nahee. tyanantar lagechach mihailovikala nirvasit sarkarche mantripadavarun kadhoon taknyat aale aanee german lokanshi tyanche tatpurte sahkarya pakshapati lokanchya hatakhali khelalyane chetnikchi paristhiti bighadat gelee.
parshvabhoomi.
april 1941 madhye, yugoslaviache rajya keeh mahayuddhat odhale gele jevha germany aanee tyachya mitrarashtranni deshavar aakraman kele aanee tyavar kabja keela, jyachi nantar falani jhaali. hangeri, bulgaria aanee itali yaa tyachya aksh shejari deshanni kahee yugoslav pradesh tabyat ghetala. germananni fyasist usta-croatian krantikari chalvalichya netrutvakhalil eka kathputali rajya, croatiache swatantra rajya (aine. dii. etch.) tayar kele aanee tyala pathimba deela. aine. dii. etch. madhye aadhunik kalatil serve croatia aanee bosnia aanee herzegovina aanee kahee lagatchya pradeshancha samavesh hota. parabhavachya aadhi, raja pieter dusra aanee tyache sarkar haddapar jhaale, junmadhye londonmadhye pashchimatya mitra-manyataprapt yugoslav nirvasit sarkar mhanoon sudharana kelee.
kabja kelelya yugoslaviyamadhye lavkarach done pratikar chalvali udayala aalyah draja mihailovikchya netrutvakhalil jawaljawal purnapane vanshik serb aanee rajeshahivadi chetnik; aanee josip broze titochya netrutvakhalil bahu-vanshik aanee samyavadi-netrutvakhalil pakshapati. donhi pratikar chalvalinche drushtikon suruvatipasunach mahattvachya babatint bhinn hote. mihelovikchya netrutvakhalil chetnikanni yugoslaviamadhye pashchatya mitrapakshanchya aagmananantar suru varanvar sangharshasathi eka sanghatana tayar karnyachya 'pratiksha qaraa aanee pahaa' dhoranache samarthan kele, jyamule yuddhachya antim tappyaparyant lashkari aanee nagri nagri nuksan samaan pramanat maryadit hote. dusarikade, pakshakarancha akshanchya tabyat asanyas tivra virodh hota aanee tyanni suruvatipasunach satatyane virodh keela. chetnik rajkiy ajenda haah aantaryuddh kalatil serb-varchasva asalelya yugoslaviakade paratane hota, tarr pakshakaranni bahu-vanshik parantu samyavadi varchasva asalelya yugoslaviamadhye samajik kranti nirman karnyacha prayatna keela. yuddhachya suruvatichya varshanmadhye, chetnik majboot rajkiy ajenda spasht karnyat kinwa tyala protsahan denyat ayashasvi tharale. itihaskar aanee rajkiy shastradnya kirk phorda yanchya matey, mihelovic yanna asey vatat asave qee tyanna tase karanyachi garaj nahee, kaaran teey janewari 1942 pasoon nirvasit sarkarche pratinidhi hote.
deshachya vividh bhaganmadhye chetnik chalval haloohaloo sahkarya kararanmadhye odhali gelee. pratham, sarbiyachya german-vyapt pradeshat rashtriy mokshasathichya kathputali sarkarchya sainyasah, nantar adhikrut dalmeshiya aanee montenegromadhye italian lokansah, tyanantar aine. dii. etch. chya uttar bosnia pradeshatil kahee ustasha sainyasah aanee september 1943 madhye italian sharanagatinantar, thet german lokansah. 29 aktoobar 1943 roji, edolph hitlerne aagney europemadhil bandkhoranshi ladhanyasathi "rashtriy samyavadvirodhi shaktincha" vapar karnyasathi german mukhyalayala adhikrut kele. varshachya akheris, sahkaryachya dishene vatchal kelyamule, rashtriy moksh sarkar aanee german heey kiman sarbiyachya german-vyapt pradeshatil chetnik chalvalivar titkech prabhavshali hote jitke mihailovik, jeey adhikadhik ekte padat hote.
purvatayari qaraa.
1943 chya madhyaparyant mihailovikala jaaniv jhaali hotee qee tyala chetnik chalvaliche rajkiy aakarshan vistrut karanyachi garaj aahe. montenegro aanee harzegovinamadhil ulatya goshtinvarun asey disun aale hote qee chetnik rajkiy vichardhara lokanmadhye asantoshkarak parinam nirman karat hotee aanee pashchimatya mitrapakshanna chinta hotee qee chetnik chalval lokshahivirodhi kinwa kadachit facist dekhil hotee. pakshapati lokanni lokshahiche padade tayar kele hote, jeey pashchimatya mitrapakshanna aakarshit karat hote aanee mihailovikala kalji hotee qee tyala milanara pathimba tyanchyakade jaeel. chetnik chalvalicha paya vistaranyasathi, mihailovikne belgrademadhye belgrademadhye yuddhapoorv rajkiy pakshanchya pratinidhinshi sampark sadhala. tyanni tyanna aashvasan dile qee, tyanchya jawalchya rajkiy sallagaranni, majee prajasattak aanee krishnavarniy anuyayi dragisha vasik aanee chetnik vicharvant steven moljevik yanni suchavalyapramane chalvalicha purvicha udarmatvadi drushtikon lokshahiprati asalelya vachanbaddhatesah badalanyat aala aahe. rajkarnyanni mihailovikchya drushtikonas sakaratmak pratisad deela kaaran tyanna yuddhachya parinamachi chinta hotee aanee tyanna communist kinwa chetnik lashkari hukumshahichi vinanti navhati.
itihaskar lucien karchmar yanchya matey, yaa vataghatimadhye jyaa rajkaranachi prathamik bhoomika asalyache disate, too lahan yuddhapoorv samajvadi paksh, zivko topalovikcha neta hota. topalovikne swatantra lokshahi pakshache nete, edam prebysivich aanee peaples radical pakshache nete, aii. see. aii. stanojevic yanchyasarkhya yuddhapoorv sanyukt virodhi pakshachya sadasyanshi sampark sadhala. prebysivich aanee stanojevic heey doghehi aapapalya pakshanche keval nammatra nete hote, kaaran tyanchya pakshanmadhil kharey nirnay ghenare londonmadhil nirvasit sarkarsobat hote. rajkiy pakshanni sahmati darshavali qee teey mihailovikshi eka gut mhanoon vataghati kartil. pratyek pakshane samanvay parishadesathi done pratinidhinchi nemanook kelee aanee parishadene topalovikchya netrutvakhalil chaar vataghati vataghati nivad kelee, jeey chetnik netyasobatchya kararache tapasheel tayar karnar hote. yaa vataghati pudhe dhakalalya gelya aanee charchedarmyan done mahinyancha eka viram hota. chetnik bajoone, moljevik aanee tyachya samarthakanni suchavale qee rajkarani chetnik chalvalit sameel vhavet, jyala teey arajnaitik manatat, parantu rajkarnyanni asha prakare villin honyas nakar deela. tyaeivaji, tyanni eka naveen rajkiy gut sthapan karanyachi magani kelee, jyapaiki chetnik chalval haah keval eka bhag asel aanee haah naveen gut bhavishyasathi eka naveen karyakram aakhel. yugoslav kalpana, sansadiy vyavastha aanee samajik sudharana, sangharajya sanghatit desh, britishanshi sambandh sudharane aanee pakshapati lokanshi salokha sadhanyacha naveen prayatna, shakyato mitrapakshanchya madatine, yachee pushti karane, yaa aanakhi maganya hotya.
mihailovikche kahee anuyayi rajkarnyanchya maganya manya karnyas virodh karat hote. taridekhil chetnik netyane tyanna sweekarle, parantu rajkarani yaa kararala thampane vachanbaddha aahet yaa tartudisah. rajkarani asey karnyas tiraskar karat hote, janoo teey konatyahi dastaivajavar swakshari karatat, jyacha vapar german lock tyanchya virodhat karoo shakatat, jyamule tyanna belgrade sodoon mihelovichala maidanat sameel honyas bhag padale jaate. pudhil payari mhanje naveen rajkiy sanrachanela manyata denyasathi aanee naveen karyakramachi ghoshana karnyasathi congress bolavanyacha prastav hota. mihailovikne 1 decemberchi tarikh pudhe dhakalali, jee 1918 madhye serb, crot aanee slovens (1929 pasoon yugoslaviache rajya) chya sthapanechi vardhapan deane hotee, parantu rajkarnyanni tayarila vilamb keela kaaran tyanni vataghati aanee sankoch suru thewala.
shevati jevha tee aayojit karnyat aalee, tevha sant seva congress kinwa gret peaples congress mhanoonahi olakhali jaanari baa congress, done dhokyanchya savalit aayojit kelee gelee, jyacha parinam chetnik aanee yuddhapoorv yugoslaviamadhil rajkiy pakshanchya netyanvar jhaala, jyanni aata tyanna pathimba deela. yapaiki pahila muddah assa hota qee pakshakaranni yugoslav lokanmadhye deshache swatantra aanee samaan sadasya mhanoon ektechi kalpana pudhe nett tyanche aavahan vistrut kele hote. yamule anek lock tyanchya dhyeyakade aakarshit jhaale hote. november 1943 madhye bosnian shahar jajs yethe yugoslaviachya rashtriy muktisathichya facist virodhi parishadechya keeh satrachya tharavadvare haah drushtikon aupcharik karnyat aala, jyane samaan adhikar asalelya sahaa ghatak prajasattakanvar aadharit federal yugoslavia tayar karnyacha nirnay ghetala, bosnia aanee herzegovina, croatia, macedonia, montenegro, serbia aanee slovenia. yaa tharavasah, avanojane thampane sangitale qee heey yugoslaviache ekmev vaidh sarkar aahe aanee tyachya rajvatiche bhavishya nishchit karnyasathi lokpriy sarvmatapurvi raja pieterla haddapar houn paratanyacha adhikar nakarla. pashchatya mitrarashtranni avanojchya tharavanna konatahi virodh vyakt keela nahee aanee 28 november teey 1 december yaa kalavadhit jhalelya tehran parishadet mitrarashtranni pakshakaranna pathimba denyache manya kele hote.
chetnik aanee tyanchya rajkiy mitrapakshansathi dusra dhoka mhanje 1943 chya madhyapasoon, yugoslaviatil mitrarashtranchya dhoranas pradhanya pradhanya britishanni mihailovikala pathimba denyachya tyanchya nirnayavar shanka ghenyas suruvat kelee hotee. decemberparyant tyanni assa nishkarsh kadhala hota qee mihailovikchya chetnikanna akshanshi ladhanyapeksha pakshakaranchya virodhat akshasah sahkarya karnyat adhik rus hota. 8 december 1943 roji, tehran parishadechya nirnayachya parshvabhumivar, madhyapurveche british commander-inn-chief, general heinry matland willson yanni mihailovik yanna eka sandesh pathavun belgrade teey salonika railway margavaril done vishisht pulanvar hallah karnyas sangitale hote. haah sandesh britishanni germanancha pratikar karnyachya mihailovikchya hetunche moolyankan karnyasathi tayar keleli chachani hotee aanee too german lokanviruddha aapali nishkriyata chaloo thewel aanee tyache palan karnar nahee yaa apekshene keela gela hota. chetnikmadhil british special operations executive (ess. oo. eae.) missionche pramukh, brigadier charles armstrong yanni 16 december roji lekhee aadesh deuun mihelovich yanna 29 decemberparyant done pulanvar todafod karnyache nirdesh dile. halle kadhich jhaale naheet.
1943 chya uttaradhat, italian lokanchya septembermadhye jhalelya sharanagatichya parshvabhumivar urvarit yugoslaviamadhye lakshaniy yash yash pakshakaranna montenegro, sandzack aanee purv bosnia yaa shejarchya vyapalelya pradeshanmadhun sarbiyachya german vyapt pradeshat ghusanyachya prayatnat adavanyat aale hote. pakshapati ghuskhori ghuskhori german netrutvakhalil operation, operation kuggelblitzmadhye bulgarian aanee sahyogi chetnik unitscha samavesh hota. lakshyit pakshapati rachana nasht karnyat ayashasvi tharalelya, taree tyanni serbian pradeshat pravesh karnyas vilamb keela. novembermadhye german lokanshi kelelya yuddhaviram kararanmule midalelya sapeksh sanrakshanamule, chetnikanni yaa sutakecha fayda ghetala. yaa paristhitimule chetnikanna avanojchya tharavanna sambodhit karnyachya aanee yuddhanantarchya yugoslaviasathi paryayi rajkiy drushtikon pradan karnyachya uddeshane eka lakshavedhi rajkiy havbhav mhanoon baa congress aayojit karanyachi mubha midali. chetnik chalvalila pathimba mage mage tehran parishadechya nirnayambaddal mitrapakshanchi-parantu visheshtah amerikechi-mansikta badalanyache eka sadhan mhanoonahi yachee kalpana kelee gelee hotee. aanakhi eka uddesh assa hota qee, jyaa karyakramane tivra samyavadvirodhi rahunahi, loksankhyemadhye vyapak pathimba midvinyasathi purese lokshahi ghatak hote, tyaa karyakramachya madhyamatoon chalvalila rajkiy pathimba vadhavane.
sahbhagi.
mihailovikne hii parishad aayojit kelee hotee aanee 25 teey 28 janewari 1944 darmyan sarbiyachya german vyapt pradeshatil vhaljevhojavalachya baa gavat hii parishad jhaali. sumare 300 nagrik sahbhagi jhaale, jyapaiki jawaljawal serve serbia, montenegro aanee bosnia yetheel serb hote, jyat done kinwa teen croatian, eka slovin aanee eka bosnian muslim hote. naun-serb pratinidhitva prabhavipane sanketik hote. herzegovina aanee dalmetiyamadhil pratinidhi velevar upasthit rahoo shakale naheet. upasthit asalelya pratinidhinmadhye pramukh chetnik senapati, suruvatila chetnik karyat sameel jhalele rajkarani, jase qee vasik aanee moljevik, junya serb rajkiy pakshanche pratinidhi jyanni nantar chetnikambarobar sameel honyacha nirnay ghetala hota aanee itarancha samavesh hota. rajkarnyanmadhye topalovic aanee prebysivich yancha samavesh hota. samyavadi aanee facist-sanrekhit gut vagalata yuddhapoorv jawaljawal serve rajkiy pakshanche pratinidhitva kahee naa kahee prakare kele jaat hote. yuddhadarmyan congress adviteey hotee, kaaran tee ekmev sabha hotee jyat mukhya chetnik commander aanee jawalche yutee kelele rajkarani tasech yuddhapoorv rajkiy pakshanmadhil chetnik samarthak yancha samavesh hota.
chetnik old gardcha alikadech yutee kelelya yuddhapoorv rajkarnyanchya sahbhagala moolatah virodh hota aanee mihailovikchya matey tyancha samavesh keval tyachya aagrahavar karnyat aala hota. mihelovic yanna congressmadhye vhasikchi mahattvapoorn bhoomika asanyalahi virodh hota, kaaran teey aanee vasik aata charchet niyamitpane virodhi pakshanmadhye hote. vasikcha samavesh keval topalovikchya aagrahavar karnyat aala hota. tarun chetnik netyanchya lakshaniy sankhyene yuddhapoorv rajkarani heey nikrusht darjache aanee charitryavan aanee yuddhanantarchya rajkiy, samajik aanee aarthik sudharananmadhye adthale asalyache manale. german lock heey ghadanyapasun sahajpane rokhu shakat hote kinwa ekada suru jhalyavar tyat vyatyay aanoo shakat hote heey lakshat gheta, itihaskar jozo tomasevich aanee marco atila horey yanni assa yuktivad keela aahe qee congress german lokanchya maun manyatesah aayojit kelee gelee hotee.
mihelovikchya british missionshi jodalelya american auphis auph strategic services (oss) (oss) eka leftnunt george musulin heey dekhil pramukhyane tyanchya swatachya pudhakarane yaa parishadela upasthit hote. teey upasthit asalele ekmev mitrapaksh pratinidhi hote. willson aanee tyane aadesh dilele vidhvansak krutya karnyat chetnik apayashi tharalyamule armstrongne congressmadhye sahbhagi honyas nakar deela. british pantpradhan winston churchill yanni mihailovikchya nakaracha vapar raja pieterla tehran parishadechya nirnayabaddal sanganyachi sandhee mhanoon keela qee mitrapaksh keval titola pathimba deteel aanee mihailovikala nirvasit sarkarmadhil mantri mhanoon barkhast karave lagel.
charcha.
congresschya aadalya ratri, moljevik aanee dirghakalin chetnik samarthak topalovic aanee rajkarnyanshi shabdik sangharsh karat hote, parantu mihailovikne nantarchya bajoone nirnay ghetala. mihailovikne congressla vaiyaktik sambodhit kele, raja, kayadyachya rajvati aanee yugoslaviaprati aapali nishtha darshavali aanee hukumshahikade aapala konatahi cull asalyache varanvar nakarle. yuddhadarmyan jhalelya gunhyansathi konatyahi rashtriyatvacha kinwa rajkiy gatacha samoohik suud ghenyachi kalpanahi tyanni nakarli. congresschya velee bahutek chetnik chalvalivar parinam parinam germananchya sahkaryat sameel honyas tyanni jabardastine nakar deela, parantu lashkari hukumshahichya yojanambaddal tyanni varanvar nakar dilyane yaa sandarbhat rajkarnyankadun samajanyasarkha aatmavishvasacha abhav disun yeto. mihelovic pudhil charchanmadhye ughadpane sahbhagi jhaala navhata. kongresdarmyan congress sahbhaginkadun varanvar germanvirodhi uthav hott asat.
1929 pasoonchya shahee hukumshahichya kalat rajkiy prathechya samaan, congressne yugoslav democratic national union (jeey. dii. aine. ess.) haah eka naveen rajkiy paksh sthapan keela aanee topalovic yanchi adhyaksh mhanoon niyukti karnyat aalee. yuddhapurvi samajvadi pakshacha aakar khoopach lahan asoonahi, topalovikchi nivad churchill yuddh mantralayachya clement etali aanee ernest bevin yaa kamgar pakshachya done sadasyanshi asalelya sambandhanmule jhaali hotee. naveen pakshasathi sthapan kelelya samitimadhye mothya sankhyene serb aanee montenegrin, tasech vladimir predevec, duro vilovic aanee niko bartulovic yaa teen croatescha samavesh hota. tyat eka slovenian nirvasit, anton crezie aanee eka bosnian muslim, mustafa mulalik hyancha dekhil samavesh hota. bigger sarbanmadhye, yugoslav rashtriy pakshatil keval mulalik haah yuddhapoorv rajkarani hota. topalovikchi nivadanuk haah pratinidhinmadhil madhyamvargiyansathi eka vijay hota aanee aataparyant chetnik rajkiy karyakramavar varchasva varchasva vasik aanee moljevik sarkhya mothya serbia atirekyansathi eka dhakka hota.
chetnik chalvalishi dirghakalin sambandh asalelyanmadhye aanee alikadech tyala pathimba denyasathi aalelya yuddhapoorv rajkarnyanmadhye congresschya charitryabaddalchi matey vegvegali hotee. yugoslaviachya bhavishyat tyancha samaan vaataa aahe asey donhi gatanna vatat hote. mihilovikne serve lashkari aanee rajkiy satta tikavoon thewali, tarr topalovikne chetnikanna naveen pakshachya pramukhatekhali lashkari shakha mhanoon pahile, tarr chetnikanni jeey. dii. aine. ess. kadey mihilovikchya chalvalicha vistarit rajkiy vibhag mhanoon pahile. antim tharavanchi eka bajoo sodoon, donhi bajunmadhye prakriyatmak babinvarhi sahajpane ekmat houu shakat nahee heey lavkarach spasht jhaale. moljevik yanna jeey. dii. aine. ess. chya nirmitichahi virodh hota aanee tyanna fakt vidyaman chetnik kendriya samiticha vistar karayacha hota, jyacha teey dirghakalin sadasya hote. kongresdarmyan, ektrit jhalelya pratinidhinni soviet union aanee joseph stallin yanna ekjuticha sandesh pathavala. pakshapati aanee soviet yanchyatil jawalche sambandh asoonahi, yaa sandeshache spashtikaran yaa vastusthitidvare dile jaate qee yuddhadarmyan chetnikanni kinwa nirvasit sarkarne sovhietvirodhi bhoomika ghetali navhati aanee mihelovichne asehi manale qee jawal yet asalelya laal sainyane sarbiyachya vyapalelya pradeshatoon german lokanna baljabarine baher kadhanyasathi chetnikanchya madatiche kautuk kele pahije.
tharav.
teen divasanchya charchenantar congressne lashkari aanee rajkiy asha donhi babimbabat tharav kele. pratham, pakshapati aanee ustasanni sarbancha naash karnyasathi ekatra yeuun kelelya sadhyachya chetnik pracharanusar, tyanni 'ustasa-communist alpasankhyakanche kaam' mhanoon avanojchya nirnayancha nishedh keela. mihailovikche chetnik heey kharokharach rashtriy sainya asalyacha dawa karat, nirvasit yugoslav sarkar, chetnik aanee mihailovikchya lashkari netrutvala dekhil tyane purn pathimba deela. tyane germany aanee tyachya mitrarashtranna chetnik chalvalicha virodh punha ekada thaam keela aanee serve samyavadvirodhi sarbanna gulamgirichya astitvasathi ladhanyasathi sanghatit karnyacha sankalp keela. shevati, tyane yugoslaviachya rajkiy aanee samajik-aarthik bhavishyasathi swatacha drushtikon prastavit keela.
congressne avanojchya yugoslaviachya ghatanatmak sanghatanet jhalelya badalacha nishedh keela, pakshakaranna yuddh sampeparyant rajkiy krutee sodoon denyache aavahan kele aanee baa tharav () mhanoon olakhala jaanara uchch vicharancha parantu kahisa achook tharav swikarla. mukhya dastaivajala 'ravan gora chalvalichi uddishte' asey mhatale gele aanee too done bhaganmadhye aala. "yaa shirshakamadhye 'ravan gora chalval' haah ravan gora yaa thikanacha sandarbh aahe, jithe mihelovikchya chetnikanni aakramananantar pahilyanda swatahla sthapit kele aanee heey mihelovikchya chetnik chalvaliche paryayi naav aahe. pahilya bhagat, "ravna gora chalvalichi yugoslav uddishte" asey mhatale aahe keeh
keeh bhagat, 'ravna gora chalvalichi serbian uddishte' asey mhatale aahe qee serve serbian prant eksadaniy sansadekhali, yugoslaviatil serve serb pradeshanmadhil ektechya aadhare, federal vyavasthemadhye serbian unitmadhye ekjoot kele jaatil. yugoslavia hii eka sarvbhoum sarbotam vyaktichya netrutvakhalil ghatanatmak rajeshahi asavi, assa tharavahi congressne keela. pudhe, congressne avanojane kelyapramane sarkar sthapan karnar nahee assa sankalp keela aanee pakshapati lokanna lokshahi prakriyeche palan karnyache aavahan kele. topalovichne prastav mandala hota qee bosnia heey chauthe sanghiy ekak asave, parantu vasik aanee moljevik yanni yala virodh keela, kaaran tyanni bosnian krajina haah serbian federal unitcha avibhajya bhag asalyache pahile.
itihaskar radovan smardzic aanee milan duskov yanchya matey, baa congresschya karyakramache mukhya tattva samajik-lokshahi yugoslavad hote. tyancha dawa aahe qee baa congressche tharav avanojane prastavit kelelya chaukatipeksha "sanskrutik aanee aitihasikdrushtya adhik changlya prakare sthapit" hote. congressne chetnikchya mukhya rajkiy uddeshat badal keela; kendrikrut yuddhapoorv rajya punarsanchayit karnyachya tyanchya purvichya uddeshapeksha, tyanni eka prabhavi serb federal units federal rajya sanrachanekade tyancha drushtikon badalala.
congresschya tharavanna sahmati deuun, chetnik netrutvane yuddhapoorv serb varchasva aanee mothya sarbiyakade parat yenyasathi samarpit asalyacha pakshapati aarop qamee karnyacha prayatna keela. tomaseviche nirikshan aahe qee serve sarbanna ekach astitvamadhye gola karanyachi garaj adhorekhit kartana, "ravana gora chalvalichi serbian uddishte" moljevichane anek varshanpurvi lihilelya "sajatiy serbia" chee aathvan karoon denari hotee, jyane mothya sarbiyache samarthan kele hote. tyanni asehi namood kele qee congressne macedonia aanee montenegro yanna swatantra rashtre mhanoon manyata dilee nahee aanee croatia aanee slovinia heey serbian astitwala prabhavipane sanlagn asateel asehi soochit kele. tomasevichya matey, yacha nivval parinam assa hota qee desh keval yuddhadarmyanchya tyach serb-varchasva asalelya rajyat paratanar nahee, tarr tyahoon white asel, visheshtah crot lokansathi. teey assa nishkarsh kadhatat qee congresschi prachand serve rachana pahata haah parinam apekshit hota. horey heey manya karatat qee varvarchya yugoslavadanantarhi, congresschi sarbiyashi spasht adhik cull hotee aanee itihaskar lucien karchmar yanni assa nishkarsh kadhala aahe qee 'sant seva congress' yaa shabdachya vaparane hii dharana balkat jhaali qee tee sarvasadharanpane yugoslavapeksha sarbanchya aakankshanvar kendrit hotee.
yugoslaviachya samajik-aarthik bhavishyachya sandarbhat, congressne deshachya aarthik, samajik aanee sanskrutik sthiteet, visheshtah lokshahi aadarshanchya sandarbhat sudharana karnyat swarasya vyakt kele. visheshtah kahee samajvadi vaishishtyansah lokshahi tattvanna protsahan denyachya drushtine, yuddhat purvi vyakt kelelya purvichya chetnik uddishtanpeksha heey eka lakshaniy vegalepan hote. tomaseviche nirikshan aahe qee hii naveen uddishte kadachit vastavik hetu pratibimbit karnyapeksha prachar uddishte sadhya karnyashi adhik sambandhit hotee, kaaran yugoslaviatil serb nasalelya lokanchya garajancha vichar karnyat vastavik swarasya navhate. chetnik chalvalila samanya lokanmadhil kattartavadi manovruttichi purnapane jaaniv hotee heey ashakya vatate.
congresscha sarvat mahattvacha vyavharik parinam mhanje jeey. dii. aine. ess. chee nirmiti, kaaran upasthit serve pratinidhinni yugoslaviamadhil paristhiti samanya hoiparyant swatantra rajkiy karvai talhanyas sahmati darshavali. congressmadhye sahbhagi jhalelya serve pratinidhincha samavesh karnyasathi vidyaman chetnik kendriya rashtriy samiticha vistar keela jaanar hota. kendriya rashtriy samitichya naveen sadasyanchi nivad topalovic, vasik aanee moljevik yancha samavesh asalelya teen jananchya sanghatanatmak samitikade sopavanyat aalee hotee, jyaa vividh netyanshi sallamasalat karnar hotya. congresschya parinamancha arth assa hota qee mihailovikala aata peaples radicals party, democratic party, independent democratic party, aggraterian party, socialist party aanee republican partychi manyata midali hotee. karchmarchya matey, baa congresschya yaa pailoone mihelovichasathi "prachand lokpriy pathimba" darshavila asey chetnik anuyayanche dave gambhirpane sadosh aahet, kaaran teey heey olakhanyas apayashi tharale qee yuddhapoorv yugoslav rajkiy paksh heey samoohik-sadasyatva sanghatana navhate aanee 1938 madheel sarvat alikadil nivadanukit jyanni vividh pakshanna matdan kele tyanchyakadun konatyahi prakare netyancha pathimba nishchit jhaala nahee. sahbhaginna ashee aasha hotee qee tharav pashchatya mitrapakshanshi, visheshtah churchill sarkar aanee british janteshi chetnik sambandh punarsanchayit kartil.
parinam.
congressla upasthit naan rahilyane, britishankade charchebaddal pratyaksh mahitee navhati. fakt eprilmadhye sone musculinashy sampark sadhala aanee ahwal magitala. too midalyanantar, british naveen rajkiy karyakram tyachya bhavarthane swikaranyas sankoch karat hote. mihailovikchi paristhiti adhikadhik nirashajanak hott aahe yache moolyankan kartana, tyanna aadhich gamavalele kaaran vatale hote teey vachavanyacha vilambit prayatna karnyas teey utsuk navhate. topalovikne nantar kabool kele qee congress "swatachya pracharaitaki prabhavi kinwa bhavya navhati aanee tyachya mitranni tyala dilelya prasiddhimule tee disate". meey mahinyat, mihelovichi british moheem mage ghenyat aalee. pudhchya mahinyat, mihailovikala yugoslavmadhil nirvasit sarkarmadhye mantripadavarun kadhoon taknyat aale, jyamule tyachi vaidhata kadhoon taknyat aalee. tevhapasoon, tyanni nirvasit sarkarla aapala shatru manale aanee tyanna ektyane pudhe jaave lagale.
german lokanna congressmadhye khoop rus hota aanee german agentsney tyacha tapshilvar tapasheel german-vyapt serbia, ss-aanee august mezner yaa pradeshatil varishtha ss aanee polis netyala pradan keela. yaa ahavalanmadhye varanvar varanvar germanvirodhi udrekancha ullekh aahe. germananna congresschya parinamanchi chinta hotee aanee tyanche lashkari drushtine kahee maryadit parinam jhaale asavet, kaaran german aanee chetnik yanchyatil aupcharik yuddhaviram karar kongresanantar lagechach sampale. vyavharik drushtya, mihailovikne sahkaryachya dishene ghasaranis virodh keela asala taree, german aanee tyanchya sahkaryansathi aakramit pradeshatil bighadaleli paristhiti yamule sahkarya ajunahi chaloo rahile. kongresanantar milan nedikchya netrutvakhalil, setnik chalval aanee adhikrut sarbiyatil rashtriy moksh sarkarchya sahyogvadi sanghatananmadhil sambandhanmadhye lakshaniy ghat jhaali. yugoslavchya nirvasit sarkarne march nahee suruvatila nondavale qee congressla pratisad mhanoon, gestapo aanee serbian kathputali sarkarne 798 lokanna belgrademadhye atak kelee aanee tyanna bandiwan mhanoon turungat thewale, sarbiyamadhye marlya gelelya pratyek german sainikasathi tyanchyapaiki 100 jananna golya ghalanyachi dhamki dilee. yaa khelicha eka bhag mhanoon kahee rajkarnyansah anek mihailovic samarthakanna germananni gherale aanee kiman eka rajkarnyala fashi denyat aalee. naveen kendriya rashtriy samititil padey swikarlelya anek rajkarnyanna paloon jaanyas aanee mihailovikche sanrakshn ghenyas bhag padale gele.
congresschya darmyan, mihailovikne musulinla sangitale qee chetnikanni kahee american viman chalakanna uchalale hote jeey aagney sarbiyatil nisjaval kosalale hote. musulinane heey chetnikambarobar aapala mukkam vadhavanyachi sandhee mhanoon pahile aanee ekada teey chetnik mukhyalayat pohochale qee, musulinane osa kairoshi sampark sadhun tyanna vyapalelya pradeshatoon baher kadhanyasathi chetnik sahayya midvinyasathi manjuri midavali. 6 march roji tyanna hii karvai karanyachi manjuri midali. vimanatil karmchari karmchari vimanatoon musulin nighanar hota, parantu aajarpanamule, pann tyala chetnikansobat rahanyachi aanee guptachar mahitee gola karanyachi ichcha asalyamulehi tyane jaanyas usheer keela. 20 meey roji, tyane osa kairochi rahanyachi parvanagi magitali, parantu heey nakarle gele aanee 28 meey roji tyala chetnikmadhil urvarit british missions italila nenyat aale. ausachi eka naveen moheem, operation halliard, augustmadhye, khalee kosalalelya uddankartyanna vyapalelya sarbiyatoon baher kadhanyasathi chetnik madaticha vapar karnyasathi aalee. suruvatila operation halliard sanghache netrutva musulin karat asey.
meey mahinyat jevha too nighun gela, tevha musulinsobat topalovic hota, jyane mihelovikchya vatine rajnaitik mohimeche netrutva kele aanee chetnikanna sodoon denyacha mitrapakshancha nirnay ulatanyacha prayatna keela. haah prayatna ayashasvi tharala, kaaran ingrajanni tyala itali sodanyachi parvanagi dilee nahee aanee teey tieto aanee pakshapati lokanna pathimba denyachya tyanchya dhoranacha punarvichar karnar naheet. kendriya rashtriy samitiche adhyaksh mhanoon topalovic yanchya jaagi mihailo kujundizik yanchi niyukti karnyat aalee, jyanna hrudayavikaracha zatka aala hota aanee tyanantar lagechach tyanche nidhan jhaale. tyachya jaagi moljevikala ghenyat aale. naveen adhyakshanni naveen rajkiy sanrachaneshi kadhihi samet keela navhata aanee visheshtah chetnik chalvaliche parinam midvanyat teey apayashi tharale mhanoon tyanni tyaa virodhat aavaj uthavala. jyanni naveen rajkiy rachana sweekarli hotee aanee jyanni mool chetnik vichardhareche palan kele hote, tyanchyat lakshaniy antar rahile aanee hii daree yuddhanantarchya sthalantaritanmadhye vahoon nellie gelee. moljevikchya parat yenyachya shakyatechi parva naan karata, yuddhapoorv rajkarani puravyat rahile aanee mihailovikala sameel honyasathi maidanat aale.
jeey. dii. aine. ess. chya kendriya samitichi nivad junparyant karnyat aalee hotee, jyat pararashtra vyavhar, vidhimandal vyavhar, aarthik aanee vittiy vyavhar, rashtriyateche prashna aanee prachar, samajik vyavhar aanee aarthik bandhkam yasathi pratyeki eka assa sahaa sadasyancha samavesh hota. kendriya samiteene ivan subasic yanchya netrutvakhalil nirvasit naveen sarkarcha nishedh keela aanee tyanchya sadasyanna samyavadi sahanubhootishil aanee crot futiratavadi mhatale. tyane paradeshatil chetnik chalvalisathi vishesh pratinidhinchi niyukti kelee, jyat united statesmadhil constantin photic, algiersmadhil jovan donovic, yukemadhil bogoljub jevtic, italitil general pieter zivkovic aanee egyptmadhil mladene jujovic yancha samavesh aahe.
germanychya tabyat asalelya sarbiyachya pradeshat, chetnik chalvaline kiman congresschya tharavanchi amalbajavani karnyasathi karvai kelee. corps kamandaranna tyanchya jababdarichya kshetratil prashasakeey vyavasthet badal karnyache aadesh denyat aale aanee vidyaman prashasanachya jaagi pratyek jilha aanee gavat naveen 'ravan gora samitya' sthapan karnyat aalya. khajindar aanee chaturthansh malakanchya madatine naveen jilha senapati niyukt karnyat aale. vistarit kendriya rashtriy samitiche aadesh serve ravna gora samitya aanee chetnik jilha kamandaranna bandhankarak kele gele hote aanee tyanna keval kendriya rashtriy samitichya karyakari samitikadun aadesh ghyave lagale hote, jee serve pracharasathi dekhil jababdar hotee. chetnikanni shaharambaheril vyapalelya sarbiyacha motha bhag tabyat ghetala aanee nedic sarkarche prashasana bajula dhakalale.
kendriya samitichi julaichya 20-23 kalavadhit punha baithak jhaali, jyat asey mhatale gele qee teey yugoslavia aanee rajachya hitanche rakshan karnyas shbuaasik sarkarla asamarth manatat aanee yugoslaviachya hitsambandhanchi kalji ghenyasathi aavashyak vatanari konatihi karvai karnyacha adhikar rakhoon thevatat. junmadhye mihailovikne sarkarmadhil mantripadavarun tyanchi hakalpatti sweekarli nahee heey spasht hote. augustmadhye jevha tyanna sarvoch kamandachya chief auph staff mhanoon badtarf karnyat aale, tevha tyanni heey dekhil sweekarle nahee aanee swatah pramukh mhanoon, 'yugoslav sainya' mhanoon chetnikancha ullekh karane suru thewale. julai 1944 teey march 1945 darmyan kendriya samitichi aanakhi donadach baithak jhaali. augustmadhye, prebysivich, vladimir belajich aanee ivan kovak yanchyasah kendriya samitichya anek sadasyansah, eka varishtha chetnik commander, mejar zwonimir vuskovic yanna italimadhye topalovikmadhye sameel honyasathi pathvanyat aale. chetnikambaddalache dhoran badalanyachi tyanchi vinanti vyarth tharali. september 1944 chya madhyat sarbiyahoon ishanya bosniyala maghar ghenyas bhag padnyapurvi mihailovikne kendriya samitichi sthapana kelee, kaaran tyala vatale qee too fakt ladhvayya lokannach aaplyabarobar gheuun jaau shakato. kahihi jhaale taree, kendriya samitiche bahutansh sadasya tyanchyabarobar hote. akheris, mihailovic aanee moljevik heey german lokanshi chetnik chalvaliche sambandh asalyabaddal tutale aanee moljevik yanni rajinama deela aanee tyanchi jaaga ghetali gelee nahee. baa yethe sthapan jhalelya chetnik rajkiy sanghatanecha haah shevat hota.
avanojache dusare adhiveshan honyapurvich yojana aakhali gelee asali taree, baa kongreskade tyala pratisad mhanoon mothya pramanavar pahile gele. yuddhadarmyan mihelovikchya chetnik lokansathi congress hii aataparyantchi sarvat mahattvachi rajkiy ghatana hotee. congressne kelele antargat badal kahihi asale taree, pashchimatya mitrapakshanna chetnik chalvalishi sampark todanyapasun rokhale nahee aanee pakshakaranshi konatehi sambandh navhate. 1944 chya suruvatila yugoslaviatil paristhiti aanee germanancha pratikar karnyat british aanee chetnik apayashi tharalyabaddalchya futapatit, congressne chetnik chalvalichi sthitee sudharanyasathi kahihi kele nahee.
nahee santulanadarmyan, sampoorn yugoslaviamadhye chetnikchi sthitee bighadat gelee, kaaran german lokancha tyanchyavar vishvas navhata aanee doghanmadhil tatpuratya kararanni tyancha samaan shatru, pakshapati lokanviruddha keval maryadit madat dilee. satatchya chetnik sahkaryane prachar drushtikonatun pakshakaranchya hatantahi khel keela aanee german lock yuddhat parabhoot hotil heey lakshat yetach chetnikanchya shrenitil manobal qamee jhaale. 1944 chya uttaradhat, laal sainyasah pakshakaranni sarbiyachya vyapalelya pradeshat pravesh keela, jyamule chetnikanna german sainyasah sandzakmadhye aanee nantar aine. dii. etch. madhye maghar ghenyas bhag padale. akheris, anek chetnik pashchatya mitrarashtransamor sharanagati patkarnyachya aashene yugoslaviachya paschim simekade mage hutley. pakshapati-tabyat asalelya sarbiyamadhye tyanchyaviruddha uthav suru aahe asey vatoon mihailovikala pakshakaranni fasavale aanee jevha tyane tyat sameel honyasathi paratanyacha prayatna keela tevha 1946 chya suruvatila tyala pakadale gele. naveen yugoslav yugoslav tyachi chaukashi kelee aanee uchch rajdroh aanee yuddh gunhyansathi khatala chalavala, tyala doshi tharavale aanee tyach varshi 17 julai roji fashi denyat aalee.

