
sakhol filter

sakhol filter heey vividh prakarche filter aahet jeey madhyamanchya prushthbhagavar nasoon sampoorn madhyamat kann thevanyasathi sachchidra galan madhyamacha vapar karatat. heey filter samanyatah tevha vaparale jaatat jevha filter kelelya dravamadhye kanancha bhaar jaast asato kaaran itar prakarchya filterchya tulanet, teey adaknyapurvi kananche mothe vastuman rakhoon thevu shakatat.
drav avasthetil ghan dooshit padarth pakadanyasathi khol asalelya anek sachchidra tharandware darshavilele khol galan vaparale jaate. galan madhyamachya khadatar aanee vahinisarkhya swarupamule, kann prushthbhagachya ulat tyachya sanrachanet sampoorn madhyamat rakhoon thewale jaatat. khol filtercha atirikt fayda assa aahe qee teey pruthakkaran karyakshamateshi tadjod naan karata kananche uchch praman prapt karnyas saksham aahet. khol galakanche vaishishtya samanyatah valoo galakache asate aanee itar rachnepeksha mothya pramanat uchch galakache darr vaparoon vaparale jaau shakate. yaa vaishishtyanmulech pruthakkaranasathi prabhavi madhyam mhanoon sakhol galakancha vapar aanee lokpriyata majboot jhaali aahe. prakriya tantradnyanatil satatchya pragatimule, udhyogachya garja purn karnyasathi sakhol filter designs satat julavun ghet aahet aanee sudharat aahet.
designs upalabdh aahet.
sakhol galkansathi vividh prakarchya anuprayoganna samavoon ghenyasathi, sakhol galakanche mukhya uddisht kayam thevat vyavharya prakriya sunishchit karnyasathi udhyogat vividh rachana amalat aanalya gelya aahet.
sakhol filterche anuprayog aanee fayade.
gelya dashakat, pinyachya panyache spashtikaran aanee prakriya yapasoon teey sandapani prakriya prakalpanparyant, jethe sandapani sodanyapurvi tyache polish karane aavashyak aahe, asha thikani tyacha vapar karoon, nagarpalika pinyachya panyachya upcharatil antim payari mhanoon khol bedd valoo filtercha vapar lakshaniyaritya vadhala aahe. khol galanachya mukhya fayadhyamadhye keval tyachya prushthbhagavar nasoon, sampoorn madhyam vahinyanmadhye kann tikavoon thevanyachi kshamata samavisht aahe. yamule itar prakarchya galan prakriyechya tulanet madhyamachi galan kshamata lakshaniyaritya vadhate aanee vividh aakaranche kann matrixmadhye galale jaau shakatat.
sadhya vaparlya jaananya pramukh khol bedd galan prakriya mhanje thet galan aanee sampark-floculation galan. thet galankamamadhe galanpurv tappyacha eka alp kalavadhi aanee tyanantar galan prakriya samavisht asate. sandapani prakriya prakalpanmadhye, bahutek nilambit ghan aanee itar dooshit padarth prathamik aanee duyyam prakriya tappyannantar yashasviritya kadhale jaatat. sandpanyachya pravahatoon urvarit ghan aanee sendriya sanyuge kadhanyasathi, purv floculations thet galan paddhaticha vapar keela jaato. dooshit padarth vegale karanyachi prakriya filter madhyamat hott asalyane, floculation vel, galan veg aanee floculant doses yasarkhya ghatkanvar niyamitpane dekhrekh thevane aavashyak aahe, kaaran teey utpadit floculantchya aakaravar thet parinam karoo shakatat. filter bedche sambhavya adthala kinwa bioclogging talhanyasathi heey prakriyesathi mahatvache aahe.
yaa prakriyeshi sambandhit fayadhyanmadhye mothya floculent tayar karanyachi kshamata samavisht aahe, jee nantar filter kelee jaau shakate. khol galan paddhaticha dusra fayda mhanje galan vyavasthechya nivaditil lavchikta, jyamule urja vaparacha darr swikararh shreneet thevat uchch ghan sathavan kshamata prapt karata yete. thet galan vaparanyachi nakaratmak bajoo mhanje sukshmajiv galanachya vahinyanmadhye vadhanyas saksham asatat aanee tyamule dirgh karyarat dhavanmadhye punarutpadan karatat. filter matrixmadhil jivanchya yaa punarutpadanamule galankriya dooshit houu shakate.
peshi sanwardhan spashtikaranasathi sakhol galan dekhil mothya pramanat vaparale jaate. peshi sanwardhan pranalinmadhye yeast, jivanu aanee itar dooshit peshi asoo shakatat aanee mhanunach, kann mukt peshi pranali tayar karnyasathi peshi aanee itar colloidal padarth vegale karnyasathi eka karyaksham spashtikaran tappa mahattvacha aahe. peshi pranali kapanisarkhya aushadhanirman prakriyet vaparale jaanare bahutek sakhol galak heey cellulose tantunche aanee galan sahayyakanpasun banalele asatat. sakhol galkamadhil thet pravahachi rachana, utpadanacha jastit jaast punarprapti darr sunishchit kartana galkamadhye dooshit padarth adakavoon aarthikdrushtya yogya upay pradan karate. yaa pranalichya itar fayadhyanmadhye tyachya qamee veej kharchacha samavesh aahe, kaaran kholichya galanyanmadhye vaparlya jaanarya pampanna pranalitil qamee dabamule kiman veej inputchi aavashyakta asate. vadhiv utpadan darr (95% peksha jaast) utpann detana pranaliche praman vadhavane kinwa qamee karane shakya honyachya drushtine dekhil sakhol galan lavchik aahe.
spardhatmak prakriyanvar sakhol galanachya maryada.
khol galanavyatirikt, padada galan paddhati dekhil ulat paravartan, nanoe-galan aanee sookshm galan yasarkhya vividh audhyogik vaparasathi vaparlya jaatat. filterchya aakarapeksha mothe dooshit padarth nakarun, vareel prakriya tyach tattvanusar karya karatat. tyanchyamadhil mukhya vaishishtya mhanje tyancha prabhavi chhidrancha aakar. udaharanarth, sookshm galan mothya kananna galan madhyamanmadhun jaau deuun karya karate, tarr ulat paravartan atishay lahan prajati vagalata serve kananna nakarte.
bahutek puttle filter antim galanasathi vaparale jaau shakatat, tarr anuprayog spasht karnyasathi vaparale asata khol galan adhik prabhavi asatat, mhanoon done prakriyanche sanyojan yogya galan pranali pradan karoo shakate, jee anek anuprayoganshi julavun ghetali jaau shakate.
mukhya prakriya vaishishtyanche moolyankan.
galan darr aanee galan madhyam yasarkhi prakriya vaishishtye hii rachnavishayak mahattvachi baab aahe aanee galan karyakshamtevar mothya pramanat parinam karatat, parinami prakriyechya gunavattevar adhik niyantran sunishchit karnyasathi satat dekhrekh aanee moolyankan aavashyak aahe.
upcharit pravah darr.
pravah darr haah filter pratirodhavaril prerak shaktiche gunottar mhanoon paribhashit keela jaato. done paramparik prakarche sakhol filter designs jalad aanee mand filter anukrame 5-15 m/h aanee 0.1-0.2 m/h chya vegasah karya karatat; tarr dabalelya valoo filtermadhye rachana pravah darr 238 l/minit [14] asato. operation darmyan filtercha darr filterchya vadhatya pratikaramule qamee hoto kaaran kann madhyamanmadhye jamaa hotat. galanachya daramule uchch galanachya daransah bund honyachya daravar parinam hoto jyamule jalad vaadh hote. 
prayogik chachanyanvarun asey disun yete qee filterche praman jitke jaast asel titke filterche kshetra qamee hoil aanee filterche praman vadhalyas pragaticha vel qamee hoil, dokedukhicha vel qamee hoil (dokedukhi vadhel) aanee parinami dhavsankhya qamee hoil aanee kamal kholee qamee hoil. teey heey dekhil darshavtat qee mothya vyasachya madhyamancha vapar karoon aanee madhyamanchi kholee vadhavun uchch filter darr sadhya kele jaau shakatat. uchch galan darr heey 13.5gpm/ft2 varr sevetil sarvadhik galan darr designs media designver avalambun asatat.
khol filtermadhye backwashing.
filter kelele ghan padarth kadhoon taknyasathi backwashing hii eka mahattvachi prakriya aahe kaaran yamule tayar honanya galanukicha pratikar kalanusar vadhato. backwashingmadhye swachchh drav vapartana dravachya pravahachi disha ulatane samavisht aahe. hii prakriya 5-15 minitanchya shreneet 6.8-13.6 ell/emm2esachya shrenitil prati ekak kshetrafalachya vishisht pravah darasah vaparali jaate. bahutek designsmadhye samanyatah operationchya divasatoon ekada backwashingcha vapar keela jaato. yaa prakriyedarmyan ghan padarth kadhoon taknyachya garjemule khol galakanche karya swabhavikpane chakriy asate, kaaran asha done kinwa adhik ekkancha vapar samanyatah keela jaato jenekarun backwashingmule galankamat vyatyay yenar nahee. jevha filter madhyam dravarup hote tevha prabhavi backwashing hote. dravikaran pravahache darr samanyatah 20-50 jee. pii. emm./eff. tii. 2 chya shreneet yetat.
pruthakkaran karyakshamta.
samanyatah 0.3-0.5 mimichya shrenitil madhyamansah dabyukt valoo filtersathi kadhoon takanyache darr, 6 micronometer itake lahan kananpaiki 95 takke, madhyam aakar 0.3 mea. mea. aanee 95 takke kann kadhoon taknyacha darr 15 micronometer itka qamee, madhyam aakar 0.5 mea. mea. sathee nondavale gele aahet.
madhyam filter qaraa.
vividh prakarche filter madhyam aahe jeey sakhol filter prakriyanmadhye vaparale jaau shakate, sarvat samanya mhanje valoo. filter madhyamanchya nivadicha filter darr, asvachchata aanee filter prushthbhagachya kshetravar parinam hoto. swachchh bedd haid losses (pressure drop) heey madhyam vyasababat sanvedanshil asate, jethe madhyam vyasachya vadhimule doke galanyachi rachana karnyas jaast vel lagato. madhyam vyas aanee filter darr vadhalyane matra sandpanyatil asvachchata qamee hote. bharpai karnyasathi, sandpanyachya asvachchatevaril parinam qamee karnyasathi madhyamanchi kholee vadhavali jaau shakate. uchch daratil galanasathi aataparyantchya rachnemadhye vaparlelya madhyam kholiche kamal moolya 100 inch aahe, tarr vaimanikanmadhye vaparlelya madhyamacha kamal aakar 2 miimii vyasacha aahe. valoo, magnetite, kook aanee anthracite hii udhyogatil visheshtah tyanchya vyapak upalabdhatesathi sarvat jaast vaparali jaanari kann madhyame aahet.
koshtak [1] sandpanyachya upcharansathi (khol bedd) monomedium filter bedchi prakriya/rachana vaishishtyeh
daab khol filtersathi sarani [2] rachana mapdandah
rachana shodhshastra.
sakhol galan purv-upcharat vaparale jaau shakate, vahak dravpadarthatun nilambit kann kadhoon takane, jeey feed pravah mhanoon vaparale jaau shakate kinwa spashtikaranachya sandarbhat jethe utpadan pravah shuddha karnyasathi kann kadhale jaatat.
filterche sampoorn ayushya satatyapurnapane karya karat raheel heey sunishchit karnyasathi sakhol filterchya rachnet anek shodhanibandh sweekarle jaatat.
kann dharan aanee filter madhyam.
dharan aanee kanancha aakar yanchyatil sambandh heey eka charan karya nahee. filter madhyamandvare mothe kann sahajpane rakhoon thewale jaatat; tathapi nammatra kann aanee kachara ghatakanchya darmyanchya madhyavarti shreneet asalele kann jatan karane katheen asate aanee parinami teey anekada kachara ghatak mhanoon nasht hotat.
kananchya aakaranchya shrenisathi dharan marg jastit jaast karnyasathi, filter madhyam asha prakare starit kele jaate qee uchch chhidra aakar asalele vibhag inlet pravahachya jawal asatat, mothya aakarache kann capture karatat. chhidranche aakar jasjase baherchya pravahakade jaatat tasatase qamee hotat. hii paddhat avalambun, filter madhyam kananchya aakarachya vistrut shrenichi purtata karate, parinami dharan karnyavar adhik niyantran rahate aanee filterche ayushya vadhate. 
madhyam nivad filter qaraa.
filterchi nivad hii filter karnyasathi ichchit asalelya padarthacha bhaar, kalavadhi, aakar, aakar aanee vitaran asha anek chalanvar avalambun asate. aadarshpane jarr madhyam khoop mothe asel tarr galan kharab darjache asel kaaran teey tyachya aavartanat kann gola karnyat ayashasvi hoil. yaulat jarr madhyam khoop lahan asel tarr kadatusanchya prushthbhagavar ghan padarth jamaa hotil jyamule jawalpas tatkal adthale nirman hotil. goal aakarachya danyancha vapar karoon aakarachya babatit, pravesh pravahat pranalivar asalelya dabamule ksharan honyachi pravrutti asate, tarr sapat daane (prushthbhagache kshetrafal vadhavu shakatat) parantu backwashchya darmyan pranalitoon baher tarangu shakatat. 
jyaa kananchi kathorata mohachya pramanat jaast asate aanee tulanene mothe vishisht gurutvakarshan asate, tyanna anekada kann madhyam mhanoon vaparanyachi shifaras kelee jaate. samagri jitaki mauu aanee halki asel titaki tee dhoop aanee dravikaranasathi adhik sanvedanshil asel. asha prakare silika aanee valusarkhe kann anekada vaparale jaatat kaaran teey parvadanare asatat parantu yenanya dravachya uchch pravahas pratirodhak asatat.
eksamanta gunank heey filtermadhye vaparlya jaanarya samgrichya eksamanteche mojmap aahe. heey chalanichya chhidrache praman aahe jeey chhidranchya aakarachya tulanet 60 takke samagreela anumati dete jeey 10 takke samagreela anumati dete. gunottar ekchya jitke jawal asel, mhanje kann aakarane titke jawal asateel. aadarsh pranalicha gunank 1.3 teey 1.5 darmyan asel aanee too 1.7 peksha jaast nasava. 1.3 peksha qamee kahihi heey pranalisathi anavashyak aahe aanee konatyahi atirikt prakarche optimization naan deta uchch kharchat parinam houu shakato heey soochit karate. 1. 5 peksha jaast heey soochit karate qee pranalila dabat jaast ghat anubhavata yeu shakate aanee namood kelyapramane yamule adthala nirman houu shakato, kachyacha pravah galoo shakato aanee galankhoricha darr qamee houu shakato.
margdarshak tattva mhanoon ashee shifaras kelee jaate qee dravikaran talhanyasathi khol galkanmadhye vaparale jaanare sarvat lahan kann nirgam pravahapasun kiman 150 miimii antaravar thewale pahijet.
sakhol filterche antim operation.
filter madhyamanmadhye (tapkiri jaaga) kann (kaale thipke) pakadale jaat aahet. aakarachya drushtine filter madhyamanpeksha lahan asalelya pandhya jaaga drav pravahala paar honyasathi eka arund marg pradan karatat.
depth filter heey deed end filterchya sandarbhat chalavale jaatat. asey mhatalyavar, inlet pravahacha veg haah filterchya kamgirisathi mahattvapoorn aahe. tulanene mothya kanansah uchch vegachya pravesh pravahanmule filter madhyam sambhavya bund hoil aanee kharab hoil. yamule pranalicha daab qamee honyas karanibhoot tharel. filter madhyam bund asate aanee daab satat qamee hott rahato asha paristhitit, kachyache kann aanee pravah kadatusatil kshetratun baher padoo shakatat aanee nirgam pravahatoon jaau shakatat, parinami shuddhikaran hott nahee, heey samanya aahe.
bund padanyache aanee kananchya ubharaniche parinam qamee karnyasathi back flushing pranaline andaje 6-8 barvar karyarat asalelya back flush mhanoon andaje 1-5% mothya pramanat pravah samavoon ghene aavashyak aahe. yaa shrenichya palikade kann vikhandit houu shakatat jyamule tyanna pranalitoon kadhoon takane katheen hote aanee sambhavyapane pranaliche dravikaran hote.
prakriya nantarchya pranali aanee kachara pravah utpadan.
khol galakacha mukhya uddesh mhanje, sthagit ghanpadarthanna mothya pramanat vahana drav pravahapasun vegale karoon spashtikaran mhanoon kaam karane aanee parinami, vegale karnyachya prakriyechya antim tappyat tyacha vapar keela jaato. paramparenusar, khol galkanmadhye shuddha kelelya dravacha ekach nirgam pravah asato, joou tyachya pranalimadhye kachara kann rakhoon thevato. tyachya lambimule tyat manak filterpeksha jaast avashesh dharan karanyachi kshamata aahe. 
kachyachya pravahachya babatit, pravah kananpasoon mukt aahe yachee khatri karnyasathi anekada nirgam pravahala tyanantarchya galkamadhye punarnavinikaran kele jaau shakate.
filter madhyamanchi swachchata kartana kachara pravah dekhil tayar keela jaau shakato kaaran paanee viruddha dishene jaate filter madhyamanmadhye adakalele avashesh kinwa visthapit jhalele madhyam kann unitmadhun puresha pramanat vilhewat lavnyapurvi baher yeu shakatat.
naveen ghadamodi.
prakriya tantradnyanatil chaloo pragatimule, audhyogik kshetranchya shreneet tyachi vyavharyata sudharanyasathi sakhol galkanmadhye badal karnyat aale aahet.