
poliche biyane

khaskhas heey afoochya khaskhasapasun ("pappaver somniferum") milanare telbia aahe. vividh sanskratinni hajaro varshanpasun valalelya biyanyanchya shenganmadhun lahan, mutrapindachya aakarachya biyane kapale aahet. too ajunahi anek deshanmadhye, visheshtah madhya europe aanee dakshin ashiyamadhye mothya pramanavar vaparla jaato, jithe too kayadeshiraritya pikavala jaato aanee dukananmadhye vikala jaato. biyane anek khadyapadarthanmadhye-visheshtah pastery aanee breadmadhye-eka ghatak mhanoon sampoorn kinwa daloon vaparale jaate aanee khaskhas teel midvinyasathi teey dabale jaatat.
itihas.
anek sanskratinmadhil pracheen vaidyakeey granthat khaskhashicha ullekh aahe. udaharanarth, iberus papayaras navachya egyptian papayaras scrollver see. asey lihile aahe. ii. sha. puu. 1550 madhye khaskhas biyane shamak mhanoon soochibaddha kele aahe. minoan sanskruti (andaje ii. sha. puu. 2700 teey 1450), eka kansyayugatil sanskruti jee crate betavar udayas aalee, tyanchya biyanyansathi khaskhas lagwad kelee aanee radnanya balanna shant karnyasathi dudh, afoo aanee madh mishranacha vapar keela. sumerian hii aanakhi eka sanskruti aahe jee khaskhas pikavalyabaddal olakhali jaate.
varnan.
khaskhas eka millimeterpeksha qamee lambiche, mutrapindachya aakarache aanee khadde asalela prushthbhag asalele asatat. eka chaney tayar karnyasathi sumare 3,300 khaskhas biyane lagate aanee eka paund tayar karnyasathi 1 teey 20 laakh biyane lagate. prathamik swad sanyug 2-pentilfuran aahe.
biyane teey tayar karatat tyaa fulansathi lagwad kelee jaate. biyanyapasun lagvadisathi varshik aanee dvivarshik khaskhashi vaparali jaatat kaaran tyancha prasar karane katheen nasate aanee hivalyat thet jaminivar thevata yete. udaharanarth, california khaskhas ("escolzia california") heey eka lakshavedhi naringi jangali phul aahe jeey paschim aanee vayavya united statesmadhye vadhate.
utpadan.
2018 madhye khaskhashiche jaagtik utpadan 76,240 tunn hote, jyat jagatil ekoon utpadananpaiki 35 takke turkeyche hote, tyanantar check prajasattak aanee spain heey itar pramukh utpadak (table) hote.
khaskhas biyane kapani heey afoo, khaskhas pendha kinwa afoo aanee khaskhas pendha yaa donhinsathichya pappaver somniferamchya lagvadiche up-utpadan asoo shakate. tathapi, uchch darjachya khaskhasanchi kapani hii afoochya kapanishi visangat aahe kaaran khaskhas pikalyavar, biyane sukalyanantar tyanchi kapani kelee pahije. paramparikpane, afoochi kapani kelee jaate, tarr biyane shenga hiravya asatat aanee biya nuktich vadhu lagalya aahet aanee tyanche latex mubalak pramanat aahe. khaskhas pendha heey khaskhas lagvadiche up-utpadan asoo shakate. biyane shengdane aanee pendha yanchya tulanet biyanyanmadhye afoochi patali khoop qamee asate. khaskhashicha chaha midvanyasathi biya dhuun ghetalya jaau shakatat, parantu afoochya patalinusar sumare 300-400 gramm mothya pramanat aavashyak asate.
khaskhas biyane tulanene mahag asalyane, teey kadhikadhi "ameranthus paniculates" chya biyanyanmadhye misalale jaatat, jeey khaskhas biyanyanshi jawalun julatat.
poshan.
100 gramm pramanat khaskhas 525 ushmank pradan karate aanee thymine, follet aanee calcium, loh, magneshiyam, manganese, phosphorus aanee zink (table) yasah anek aavashyak khanijancha samruddha srot aahe. khaskhasamadhye 6 takke paanee, 28 takke karbodke, 42 takke charbi aanee 21 takke prathine (table) asatat.
khadyapadarth.
akhand biya.
sampoorn khaskhas biyane anek bhajalelya vastoo aanee pastridgemadhye aanee tyavareel masala aanee sajavat mhanoon mothya pramanat vaparale jaate. uttar americet teey khaskhas muffin, rusk, baggels (montriyal-shailichya bagelsarkhe), biyali aanee spunge keksarkhya keksarkhya anek khadyapadarthanmadhye aanee tyavar vaparale jaatat. khaskhas heey tilasarkhe, hamberger bansmadhye misalanyasathi kinwa candichi patti banavanyasathi dekhil vaparale jaau shakate. sakharemadhye kinwa madhat misalalelya ukadalelya biyanyanpasun baar tayar kele jaatat. heey visheshtah balkan, greece aanee agadi purvichya austro-hungarian deshanchya pakakrutinmadhyehi samanya aahe.
khaskhashicha rung kahee upayoganmadhye mahattvacha asato. swayampak karnyacha anand" yaa shabdanusar, sarvat isht hollandmadhun yetat aanee teey slate-nilya rangache asatat."kahee padarthanmadhye ghatt karnyasathi pandhya khaskhas biyane vaparale jaate, jyamule annachya rangavar qamee parinam hoto. itar padarthanmadhye, jastit jaast prabhavasathi kalya khaskhas biyane pasant kele jaatat. nilya khaskhashichya biya vividh german bread aanee mishtannanmadhye tasech polish pakakrutinmadhye vaparlya jaatat.
pest qaraa.
khaskhas biyane mortar aanee pastel kinwa lahan gharguti prakarche electric blade grinder kinwa vishesh hetusathichya khaskhas biyane grinder yasarkhya samanya sadhanacha vapar karoon dalale jaau shakate. khaskhas biyane dalanare (girani) heey eka prakarche burr grinder aahe jyache chhidra nishchit aahe jeey akhand khaskhas biyanyanna paar karane katheen aahe. burr grinder yaa itar sadhananpeksha adhik eksaman aanee qamee telkat pest tayar karate.
khaskhas biyane pest pastrymadhye bharnyasathi vaparali jaate, kadhikadhi lonee kinwa dudh aanee sakharemadhye misalali jaate. bhuimug bharane heey khaskhas biyane roll aanee kahee croysantmadhye vaparale jaate aanee tyat limbu kinwa naringi rus, rumm aanee vanilla, manuka, judd malai, dalchini aanee chiralele badam kinwa acroad ghaloon chav dilee jaau shakate. god bhajalelya vastunsathi, kadhikadhi sakhareaivaji eka chamchyavachun jamm kinwa sirapsarkhya itar god bandhani ghatakachya jaagi vaparale jaate. post bharnyasathi teey bareek aanee taje dalalele asatana sarvottam asatat kaaran yamule pastery bharnyachya pott aanee chavimadhye motha farak padel.
khaskhas biyanyachi pest vyavsayikdrushtya dabyamadhye upalabdh aahe. khaskhas biyanyanmadhye teel khoop jaast asate, tyamule vyavsayik pestmadhye samanyatah sakhar, paanee aanee soya lesithinsarkhe paymalliche mishran asate, jenekarun pest vegale houu naye. vyavsayik pestmadhye ann snrakshak dekhil asatat jenekarun teey asvachch houu nayet.
americet, vyavsayik pasteschee vikri ekal aanee american badam yasah brand navankhali kelee jaate. prati 30 gramm serve kartana, american badam khaskhas biyane pestmadhye 120 ushmank, 4.5 gramm charbi aanee 2 gramm prathine asatat.
teel.
khaskhas biyane daboon khaskhas teel tayar kele jaate, jeey eka maulyavan vyavsayik teel aahe jyache anek pakakala aanee audhyogik upayog aahet.
itar upayog.
khaskhas biyane anekada pakshyanche biyane mhanoon vaparale jaate, asha paristhitit tyanna sahasa maav biyane mhanatat.
pakakala vapara.
jagbharat khaskhashiche biyane vividh pakakrutinmadhye vaparale jaate.
european pakakala.
sampoorn europemadhye, buns aanee mauu pandhya breadchya pastriesver anekada kalya aanee pandhya khaskhashichya biya (udaharanarth cozonac, kalach, kolache aanee collax) shimpadalya jaatat.
check nilya khaskhas (ann suraksha sanvardhit "pappaver somniferum") chee biyane madhya aanee purv europechya anek bhaganmadhye mothya pramanat vaparali jaatat. sakharyukt, dalaleli paripakv biya pasta barobar khalle jaatat kinwa teey dudhasah ukalale jaatat aanee vividh prakarchya god pastery bharnyasathi kinwa tyavar shirshasthani thevanyasathi vaparale jaatat. paripakv biyane girani ektar audhyogik kinwa gharee kelee jaate, jithe tee samanyatah hatane tayar kelelya khaskhas biyane giranidware kelee jaate.
nilya khaskhashichya biya austriyan, croatian, check, danish, german, hungarian, lithuanian, polish, romanian, russian, serbian, slovak, slovian, turkey aanee ukrainean pakakrutinmadhye mothya pramanat vaparlya jaatat.
purvichya yugoslaviachya rajyanmadhye (visheshtah uttar macedonia aanee serbia, parantu croatia aanee bosnia) khaskhas biyane pastery (shtrudla, baklawa, pazal) aanee padarth (khaskhas biyanyansah pasta) tayar karanyachi pradirgh parampara aahe. sloveniamadhye prikurska gibanika aanee makova potika yasarkhya paramparik padarthanmadhye nilya khaskhashicha vapar keela jaato. 
polland, hangeri, lithuania aanee purv slovakiamadhye, khrisamasachya purvasandhyela ratrichya jevanasathi khaskhasapasun eka paramparik mishtann tayar kele jaate. teey daloon paanee kinwa dudhat misalale jaatat; goal yeast biskite (lithuanianmadhye 'kusiokai'; slovakmadhye 'opecans' kinwa 'bobalki') parinami khaskhas biya 'dudh' (khaskhas dudh) madhye bhijavun thund serve kelee jaatat.
madhya europemadhye, khaskhas strudel khoop lokpriy aahe, visheshtah khrisamasachya velee. germany, polland aanee purvichya austro-hungarian samrajyashi sambandhit deshanmadhye, "monkuchen" navachya khaskhas biyanyanchya pasteries bahutekda khrisamasachya sumaras khalya jaatat. monsterizelchya pakakrutimadhye post biyane done taas panyat bhijavun kinwa dudhat ukaloon vapara. ukrainean khaskhas kekchi eka pakakruti ukalatya panyat budavoon, galoon aanee ratrabhar dudhat bhijavun biya tayar karanyachi shifaras karate.
jyoo pakakruti.
purv europeey jyoo pakakrutinmadhye, sakharyukt pestmadhye kalya khaskhasanni bharalelya pasteries purimchya velee paramparik asatat, jeey valhandan utsavachya agadi eka mahina aadhi aanee easterchya andaje eka mahina aadhi hotat. paramparik pastrymadhye khaskhas biyane kalak aanee hamantashen yancha samavesh hoto, yaa donhi goshti kadhikadhi 'beigali' mhanoon olakhalya jaatat ('bejgali' asehi lihile jaate). purimmadhye ashkenazi jyoo lock khaskhas biyane hamantashen heey mukhya paramparik ann khaat asat, joparyant bharnyachya jaagi itar fale aanee nutt bharane yet nasey. sampoorn americet jyoo bekari aanee swadisht khadyapadarthanmadhye khaskhas biyanyanchya pasteries samanya aahet.
bharatiy pakakala.
bharatiy pakakrutinmadhye, pakakrutinmadhye jaadi, pott aanee chav yasathi pandhya khaskhas biya jodalya jaatat. samanyatah korma tayar karnyasathi vaparale jaanare bhuimug, naral aanee itar masalyansah, swayampak kartana jodalelya pestmadhye misalale jaatat. khaskhashiche biyane anek pradeshik bharatiy pakakrutinmadhye mothya pramanat vaparale jaate. eka padarth mhanje aaloo posto (batate aanee khaskhas) jyamadhye batatyasah shijavalelya bhuimug biya asatat aanee gulgulit, samruddha utpadan banavale jaate, jeey kadhikadhi tandalasah khalle jaate. yaa moolbhut padarthache anek prakar aahet, batatyachya jaagi kande (penyaz posto), kothimbir (potol posto), kadya ghatalela lufa (zinge posto), chikan (muragi posto) aanee kolambi (chingri posto) yasarkhya itar ghatakanchi purtata kinwa purakata karane. chadachadi haah bangali pakakrutincha eka padarth aahe aanee tyat bhajyanchya lamb pattya asatat, kahivela hiravya palebhajyanchya fandya ghaloon, serve mohari kinwa khaskhas yasarkhya masalyanni halakya pramanat masaledar aanee foronne chavdar asatat. eka padarthat 'posto' pasoon banavalelya patty bhajane, kadhikadhi tyaa talane ('postore borah') samavisht asate. dusya padarthat fakt shijavalele bhuimug (kancha posto) mohariche teel, chiraleli hiravi mirchi, taji kande aanee tandul ghaloon misalane samavisht aahe. moharichya telasah kach posto baata (naan shijavaleli khaskhas pest) haah paschim bangal tasech bangladeshmadhye eka atishay lokpriy padarth aahe. kashmirmadhye khaskhashichya biyanyancha vapar vividh bhakarivar, visheshtah kulchyavar, agrasthanasathi mothya pramanat keela jaato.
tulshi (tulas) biyanyansah khaskhas, thandai, sharbat, milkshake, gulabache dudh, badamache dudh aanee "khas khas" dudh yasarkhya peyanmadhye misalale jaate.
bangali pakakruti.
"aaloo posto' haah khulnatil eka paramparik bangali padarth aahe, haah batatyacha khaskhashipasun banavalela padarth aahe.
aarogyavar honare parinam.
khaskhas biyanyanchi allergy (prakar 1 atisanvedanshilata) durmil aahe, parantu nondavali gelee aahe aanee tyamule anaphylaxis houu shakato.
chukichya sakaratmak aushadh chachanya.
jaree afooche aushadh khaskhashichya biyanyanaivaji naan pikalelya falanpasoon (biyanyanchya shenga) "dudh pajoon" tayar kele jaat asale, taree vanaspatichya serve bhaganmadhye afooche alkalides, visheshtah morphene aanee kodeen asoo shakatat kinwa asoo shakatat. yacha arth assa qee ann khane (udaa.jee., baggels) jyat khaskhas asate, tyacha parinam aushadh chachanimadhye afusathi chukiche sakaratmak houu shakato. tathapi, opiates vaparnanya vyaktisathi dilele parinam samaan nastil. spardhatmak kheladunsathi chukichya sakaratmakatemule udbhavananya samasya qamee karnyasathi, spardhatmak kheladunni spardhatmak spardhechya anek divas aadhi khaskhas asalele padarth khane talhave ashee shifaras america karate.
kayadeshir sthitee.
morphinechya pramanamule singapurmadhye 'pappaver somniferum' madheel khaskhashichya biyanyanchya vikrivar bandee aahe. pramukhyane vyavharya biya vikalya jaatil aanee afoochya khaskhasanchya lagvadisathi vaparlya jaatil yaa dhokyamule, taivanmadhye khaskhas biyanyannahi bandee aahe.
chean khaskhas aanee khaskhas biyanyanchya shenganpasun banavalelya masalyanchya mishranavar bandee ghalato kaaran tyat afooche ansh aahet aanee teey kiman 2005 pasoon aahe.
sadhya arabi pakakrutinmadhye bread masala mhanoon tyacha vapar keela jaat asala taree, khaskhasavar saudi arabiamadhye vividh dharmik aanee ammali padarth niyantran karanansathi bandee aahe. sanyukt arab amiratitil eka tokachya prakaranat, pravashanchya kapadyanvar sapadalelya khasakhasamule turungwas jhaala. 2005 madhye dawa karananya yusufane mhatale qee, mamak restaurants grahakanna tyache vyasan ghalanyasathi tyanchya svayampakat khaskhashicha vapar karatat.
russiamadhye "pappaver" jaatichya afoo-vahak sanvargachi lagwad karane bekaydeshir aahe, jaree bahutek pradeshanmadhye khaskhas vikanyavar nirbandh naheet. 
aantarrashtriy pravasi.
khasakhasamule aushadhanchya chachanyanmadhye chukiche sakaratmak parinam hotat, tyamule bharatatil vimantalanvar asha vastoo itar deshanmadhye naan nenyacha sallah deela jaato, jithe yamule chukichya sakaratmak parinamanchya aadhare shiksha houu shakate. sanyukt arab amiratitil pravashanna visheshtah adachani aanee kathor shiksha bhogavi lagatat.
singapurmadhye kendriya ammali padarth vibhagane (see. aine. bii.) khaskhas biyane 'pratibandhit vastoo' mhanoon vargikrut kele aahe.