johnn reed (patrakar)

johnn "jacq" silas reed (22 aktoobar 1887-17 aktoobar 1920) heey eka american patrakar, kavee aanee samyavadi karyakarte hote. metropolitan' sathee mexican krantidarmyan aanee 'daad maas' sathee pahilya mahayuddhadarmyan yuddh pratinidhi mhanoon reedla pratham pradhanya midale. rashiyatil petrograd yetheel aktoobar krantichya kavharejsathi teey prasiddha aahet, jyabaddal tyanni 1919 madhye tyanchya 'teena days datt hack daad world' yaa pustakat lihile hote.
reedne russiachya soviet tabyat ghenyas pathimba deela, agadi 1918 madhye reed gardmadhye sameel honyasathi kahee kaal shastrastre uchalali. tyala united statesmadhye ashach prakarchya samyavadi krantichi aasha hotee aanee 1919 madhye alpakalin communist lebber party auph amerikechi saha-sthapana kelee. 1920 madhye spotted typhuschya moscomadhye tyache nidhan jhaale. tyachya mrutyuchya velee tyane soviet netrutvavar khadoo ghatale asave, parantu soviet unionne tyala nayakache daphan kele aanee cremlin wall necropolismadhye daphan jhalelya keval teen american lokanpaiki too eka aahe.
prarambhik jeevan.
johnn silas reedcha janm 22 aktoobar 1887 roji tyachya aajee-aajobanchya havelimadhye jhaala, joou aata portland, oregonchya huns pokal parisarat aahe. tyachya aajichya gharat chiinii nokar hote. marhan houu naye mhanoon 'huns holite' laa (rajachya tekadichya khalee asalelya kamgar vargachya shejarchya tolitil tarun khadkal) nickel dilyache reedne lihile. 2001 madhye washington parkmadhye nalyala samarpit eka smarak peeth basavanyat aale, jeey nalyachya janmasthalachya thikanakade durlaksh karate (haveli aata astitvat nahee).
tyachi aaee, margaret (hiravi) reed, portland udhyogpati heinry dodge greenchi mulgi hotee, jine teen vyavasayanchi sthapana kelee hotee aanee tyanche sanchalan kele hoteh pahili gass aanee light company, paschim paschim pahili pig iyern smelter aanee portland watter works (too tyacha dusra malak hota). tyanchya sanmanarth ess. doubleu. green avenyuche naav denyat aale.
johnche vadil charles jerom reed yancha janm poorves jhaala aanee teey krishi yantrasamagri utpadakache pratinidhi mhanoon portland yethe aale. tyachya sajj buddhimattemule, tyala portlandchya vyavsayik samudayat twarit manyata midali. yaa jodpyane 1886 madhye lagn kele hote aanee kutumbachi sampatti hiravalitun aalee hotee, nalakadun nahee.
eka aajari mool, tarun jacq paricharika aanee nokaranni vedhalela motha jhaala. tyachya aaeene kaljipurvak tyachya uchch darjachya kheladunchi nivad kelee. tyala harry navacha eka bhau hota, joou done varshanni lahan hota. jacq aanee tyachya bhawala alikadech sthapan jhalelya portland akadami yaa khajgi shalet pathvanyat aale. jacq tyachya abhyaskramat uttirn honyasathi puresa hushar hota, parantu tyala shaala koradi aanee kantalvani vatalyane tyala uchch gunansathi kaam karanyachi kalji gheta aalee nahee. september 1904 madhye, mahavidhyalayin tayarisathi tyanna mauristaun yaa nyu jersey prep skoolmadhye pathvanyat aale. mahavidhyalayat naan gelelya tyachya vadilanna tyachya mulanni harwardla jaave ashee ichcha hotee. mauristaunmadhye jackney tyachi kharab vargatil kamgiri chaloo thewali, parantu football sangh banavala aanee kahee sahityik aashvasan dakhavale.
harvard mahavidhyalayachya pravesh parikshet reed tyachya pahilya prayatnat ayashasvi jhaala parantu tyachya reed prayatnat uttirn jhaala aanee 1906 chya akheris tyane navanondani kelee. unch, sunder aanee halakya manacha, tyane swatahla serve prakarchya vidyarthi upkramanmadhye guntavale. teey cheerleading sangh, jaltaran sangh aanee natyamay mandalache sadasya hote, 'lampoon' aanee 'daad harvard manthali' chya sampadakiy mandalavar kaam kele aanee harvard glee clubche adhyaksh hote. 1910 madhye tyanni ghaigadbadit pudding natyagruhanmadhye sthan midavale aanee tyanchya 'dianachya padarpan' yaa karyakramasathi sangeet aanee gitehi lihili. football aanee karmchari sangh banavanyat nall apayashi tharala, parantu pohane aanee watter polomadhye utkrusht kamgiri kelee. tyanchya varishtha varshat tyanna 'ivy vakta aanee kavee' dekhil karnyat aale.
reed samajvadi mandalachya sabhanna upasthit rahila, jyachya adhyakshasthani tyacha mitra walter lipman hota, parantu too kadhihi sahbhagi jhaala nahee. yaa gatane rajya vidhimandalat kayade aanale, aaplya sevakanna jivanman vetan naan dilyabaddal vidyapithavar hallah keela aanee samajvadavar eka marg sthapit karnyasathi prashasanala yachika kelee. reed nantar aathavateh
hya sagalyamule harvard samajachya rupat konatahi spasht farak padala nahee aanee kadachit club-purush aanee kheladu, jyanni jagasamor aapale pratinidhitva kele, tyanni yabaddal kadhich aikalehi nasel. pann yamule mallah aanee itar anekanna jaaniv jhaali qee, mahavidhyalayin kamanpeksha kantalvane bahya jagaat kahitari adhik romanchak chalale aahe aanee etch. sarkhya purushanchya likhanakade aamche laksh valale.jee. vihiri aanee graham valya, jeey aaplyala auskar wildian delatentismpasoon door netat, jyachyakade pidhyanpidhya padvipurv sahityik hote.
reedne 1910 madhye harvard mahavidhyalayatun padvi prapt kelee. tyaa unhalyat too pudhil vasant rutumadhye americet paratanyapurvi ingland, france aanee spenla bhet deuun 'nistej bahya jug' pahanyasathi nighala. europela tyache bhade denyasathi, nall eka guranchya botivar samanya majur mhanoon kaam karat asey. tyachya pravasala tyache aavadate pradhyapak charles townsand copeland ('coppy') yanni protsahan dile, jyanni tyala sangitale qee jarr tyala tyabaddal yashasviritya lihayache asel tarr tyane 'jeevan pahilech pahije'.
karkird.
patrakar.
reedne patrakar honyacha nishchay keela hota aanee newyorkmadhye aapala thasa umatavanyasathi nighala hota. eka macracker mhanoon pratishtha prasthapit magani harvard, linken stephens yanchya maulyavan samparkacha upayog nalane keela. stephensney twarit nalyachya kaushalyache aanee buddhimatteche kautuk kele aanee tyachya tarun chahatyala 'daad american magazin' varr pravesh-stariy sthan midvoon dile, jithe nalane hastalikhite vachali, purave durust kele aanee rachnet madat kelee. landscape architecture' yaa alpakalin masikatil vyavasay vyavasthapak mhanoon atirikt nokri gheuun reedne tyachya pagarala purak kele."
kavee, lekhak, karyakarte aanee kalakaranche vadhatya kendra asalelya greenwich gavat nalane tyanche ghar banavale. too newyorkavar prem karoo lagla, tyacha aviratpane shodh ghet hota aanee tyabaddal kavita lihit hota. masikanmadhil tyanchya aupcharik aupcharik bhade dile jaat hote, parantu eka swatantra patrakar mhanunach nalane swatahla sthapit karnyacha prayatna keela. tyane nakarpatrika gola kelya, europemadhil tyachya sahaa mahinyambaddal eka nibandh aanee laghukatha prasarit kelya, akheris shaniwari sandhyakalchya postmadhye pravesh keela."eka varshachya aat, colliers, forum aanee daad century masikane reedche itar kaam sweekarle."tyanchya eka kavitela sangitkar arther foote yanni sangeet dile hote. daad american' chey sampadak tyanna yogdankarta mhanoon pahanyasathi aale aanee tyanni tyanche kaam prakashit karnyas suruvat kelee.
yaa kalat sarvapratham stephens aanee ida tarbell yanni samajik samasyanmadhil nalyachi gambhir aavad nirman kelee. tyanchya palikade jaaun teey tyanchyapeksha adhik kattarpanthi rajkiy sthanavar pohochale. 1913 madhye teey max eastmanne sampadit kelelya 'daad maas' chya karmcharivargat sameel jhaale. yaa samajvadi prakashanat 50 hoon adhik lekh, punaravalokne aanee lahan lekhanche yogdan dile.
nalichya anek atkepaiki pahila atak 1913 madhye nyu jarsichya patterson yethe jhaali, kaaran tyane nyu jarsichya resheem girnyanmadhil aandolakanchya vatine bolanyacha prayatna keela hota. hota hallekhoranna keleli kathor vaganuk aanee tyala denyat aaleli alpakalin turungvasachi shiksha hii aanakhi kattarpanthiy nalika hotee. tyanni jagatil audhyogik kamgar asalelya samanya samajvadi sanghataneshi yutee kelee. tyanchya anubhavancha tapasheel junmadhye 'warr inn patterson "haah lekh mhanoon prakashit jhaala."tyach varshi, iww leader biil hewoodne kelelya soochanenantar, hadtalkhoransathi eka fayda mhanoon, reedne maddison square gardenmadhye" "daad patterson strikecha samna" "keela".
"keela" sharad rututil kalat, 'metropolitan magazin' neey mexican kranticha ahwal denyasathi mexicola nall pathavala. tyane chaar mahine pancho vhilachya sainyachya dhokyanmadhye samayik kele aanee vhilachya ghatanatmak (ghatanatmak) sainyasobat (jyache "primer jephe" rajkiy pramukh venustiano carranza hote) jevha tyane torian yethe federal sainyacha parabhav keela, jyamule mexico shaharavar tyachya pragaticha marg khula jhaala. nalala villa aavadaycha, pann carranza yane tyala thund kele.
utkrusht niyatkalik lekhanchya malikanmadhye khalnayakambaddal reedchya vruttane tyanna yuddh pratinidhi mhanoon rashtriy pratishtha midvoon dilee. reedne shipayambaddal tivra sahanubhooti darshavali aanee american hastakshepala tivra virodh keela. reedche ahwal gola kele gele aanee 'rebrogent mexico' (1914) heey pustak mhanoon prakashit kele gele.
30 april 1914 roji, koloradomadhye, alikadil ludalo hatyakandatil drushya, jeey johnn dii. yanchyatil colorado kolasa kshetra yuddhacha bhag hote, tethe nall pohochale. rockfeller junier.-colorado indhan aanee loh company aanee united mine kamgar sanghatanechya samarthakanchi malki hotee. tithe tyanni eka aathvadyapeksha thoda jaast kaal ghalavala, jyaa darmyan tyanni ghatanancha tapas keela, khaan kamgaranchya vatine bolale aanee yaa vishayavar eka bhavpurn lekh lihila (julaimadhye prakashit jhalele 'colorado yuddh'). varg sangharshavar tyancha adhik kholvar vishvas basoo lagla.
reedne reedne unhala massatucets provincetownmadhye mebel dodge aanee tichya mulasobat ghalavala, 'bandkhor mexico' ekatra thewale aanee yaa vishayavar adhyaksh willson yanchi mulakhat ghetali. white hausachya aagrahamule tayar jhalela ahwal yashasvi jhaala nahee.
yuddh pratinidhi.
14 august 1914 roji, germanyne fransviruddha yuddh jaheer kelyanantar lagechach, 'metropolitan' sathee nemoon dilelya nemanivar, nall tatasth italisathi ravana jhaale. too tyachya priyakarala nepalsmadhye chakwa dett bhetala aanee hii jodee parisla gelee. heey yuddh samrajyavadi vyavsayik shatrutvamule jhaale aahe asey reedche mutt hote aanee konatyahi pakshabaddal tyanna farshi sahanubhooti vatat navhati.
september 1914 chya 'daad maas' chya ankat prakashit jhalelya 'daad traders warr' yaa shirshakachya swakshari nasalelya lekhat, reedne lihileh
francemadhye, yuddhakalin sensorship aanee aaghadiparyant pohochanyatil adchanimule nall nirash jhaala hota. reed aanee dodge londonla gele aanee dodge lavkarach newyorkla ravana jhaale, reedchya madatisathi. urvarit 1914 madhye tyane french veshyabarobar madyapan kele aanee eka german mahileshi sambandh thewale. decemberchya suruvatila hii jodee berlinla gelee. tithe asatana, yuddh shreyanchya virodhat matdan magani germanytil mojkya samajvadi carl libknekchi reedne mulakhat ghetali. reed aantarrashtriy sanghane vachan dilelya kamgar vargachya ektechya sarvasadharan kosalanyane aanee tyachya jaagi lashkarivad aanee rashtravadamule nalyachi tivra nirasha jhaali.
decembermadhye too newyorkla paratala aanee tyane yuddhabaddal adhik lihile. 1915 madhye tyanni canadache kalakar aanee varanvar "jansamuh" yogdan denare boardman robbinson yanchyasobat madhya europecha pravas keela. thessalonikihoon pravas kartana, tyanni sarbiyamadhye (bombsfot jhalelya belgrades), bulgaria aanee romaniyatoonahi purvekade tivra vidhvansachi drushye pahili. teey besarabiyatil vasahatichya jyoo pattyatoon gele. chelmmadhye tyanna atak karnyat aalee aanee anek aathvade turungat thevanyat aale. hergirisathi golya ghalanyacha dhoka asalyane, american rajdootane tyanna vachavale.
russiala pravas kartana, petrogradmadhil american rajdutala teey hair aahet asey mananyacha cull hota heey jaanun reed santapala. romaniyat ghusanyacha prayatna karat asatana nall aanee robbinson yanna punha atak karnyat aalee. yaveli british rajdootane (robbinson haah british vishay asalyane) shevati tyanna jaanyas parvanagi dilee, parantu kivmadhye tyanchi serve kagadpatre japt hoiparyant nahee. bucharstmadhye, yaa doghanni tyanchya pravasacha adhik vel ekatra ghalavala. eka tappyavar, gallipoli yethe krutee pahanyachya aashene nall constantinopulsparyant gela. yaa anubhavanvarun tyanni april 1916 madhye prakashit jhalele 'purv europemadhil yuddh' heey pustak lihile.
newyorkla paratalyanantar, reed portlandmadhye tyachya aaeela bhetala. tethe too lui bryantla bhetala aanee tyachya premat padala, joou janewari 1916 madhye purv purv tyachyasobat sameel jhaala. jaree anandi asala taree, doghanchehi tyanchya bohemian vartulanusar aanee laingik muktatebaddalachya kalpanannusar itaranshi sambandh hote. 1916 chya suruvatila, nall tarun natakkar yujeen oo 'neelala bhetale. tyaa mepasoon, greenwich gavatil anek kalakar aanee lekhakansathi cape codveril unhali gantvyasthan asalelya massatucets provincetownmadhye tighanni eka kuteer bhadyane ghetale. thodyach kalanantar, bryant aanee oo 'niil yanchyat premsambandh suru jhaale.
tyaa unhali nalamadhye rashtrapatipadachya namnirdeshan adhiveshanancha samavesh hota. americela yuddhapasun door thevanyache vachan purn karen assa vishvas thevun tyane vudro willsonla pathimba deela. november 1916 madhye tyanni newyorkmadheel pixkill yethe bryantshee lagn kele. tyach varshi, mootrapind kadhanyasathi tyanchyavar johns hopkins rugnalayat shastrakriya jhaali. decemberchya madhyaparyant tyanna rugnalayat dakhal karnyat aale hote. yaa karvaimule too saktichya bharatisathi apatra tharala aanee tyachya hetupramane tyala eka pramanik virodhak mhanoon nondani karnyapasoon vachavale. 1916 madhye tyanni 500 pratinchya aavruttit 'tamburlen aanee itar kavita' khajgiritya prakashit kelya.
desh yuddhachya dishene jaat asatana, nall upekshit jhalah 'mahanagar' shhee tyache sambandh sampushtat aale. tyane aaplya divangat vadilanche ghadyal girvi thewale aanee aapali cape codd kuteer janm niyantran karyakarte aanee laingik shikshak margaret singer yanna vikali.
2 april 1917 roji jevha willsonne yuddhachi ghoshana karanyachi magani kelee, tevha washingtonmadhye ghaighaine bolavalelya peaples councilchya baithakit nalakarpane oradalah "heey majhe yuddh nahee aanee mea tyache samarthan karnar nahee. heey majhe yuddh nahee aanee majha tyachyashi kahihi sambandh nahee."julai aanee augustmadhye, united states poost auphis vibhagane mail karnyas nakar dilelya" "janatesathi" "aanee" "saat kalansathi" "yaa yuddhaviruddha jordar lekh lihine suru thewale"."reed aanee randolph borne yanchya yuddhavirodhi lekhanmule, qalaa niyatkalikane aapala aarthik pathbal gamavale aanee prakashan thambavale. deshachya yuddh-samarthak utsahamule nall aashcharyachakit jhaale aanee tyanchi karkird uddhvast jhaali.
russian kranticha sakshidar.
17 august 1917 roji, steel aanee bryant newyorkhoon europela ravana jhaale, pratham steet departmentla kayadeshiraritya shapath gheuun aashvasan dile qee stockholmmadhil aagami parishadet doghehi samajvadi pakshache pratinidhitva karnar naheet. heey jodape russiachya navodit prajasattakat hott asalelya khalbaljanak ghadamodinvar ahwal denyasathi kamkari patrakar mhanoon jaat hote. finlandchya margane pravas karat, rajeshahivadi general lavar kornilovchya ayashasvi lashkari uthavanantar lagechach hii jodee rajdhani petrograd yethe pohochali. alekzandar kerenskyche tatpurte sarkar shastrastranchya balavar padanyacha haah prayatna hota. reed aanee bryantla russian arthvyavastha dhasalhali hotee. finland aanee yukrensarkhya junya samrajyatil anek vishay rashtranni svayatta midavali hotee aanee germanybarobar swatantra lashkari nivassthan shodhat hote.
aktoobar krantisathi nall aanee bryant petrogradmadhye hote, jyamadhye vladimir leninchya netrutvakhalil bolshevikanni kerensky sarkar padale; bolshevikanna asey vatale qee haah jaagtik samajvadi kranticha pahila dhakka hota.
annadhanyachya kamataratemule rajdhanit paristhiti gambhir jhaali aanee samajik avyavastha rajya karat rahili. reed nantar aathavateh
kerensky rajvatichya shevatchya mahinyat, bhakaricha puravatha divasala 2 paundavarun 1 paund, ardha paund, eka chaturthansh paund aanee shevatchya aathvadyat, bhakaricha puravatha ajibat naan jhalyane pratham chinhankit kele gele. choree aanee gunhegari itaki vadhali qee tumhala kvachitach rastyavarun chalata yet asey. kagadanni bharaleli hotee. keval sarkarach kosalale navhate, tarr nagarpalika sarkarhi purnapane kosalale hote. shaharatil sainyadal agadi avyavasthit aanee havet hote aanee rastyanchi swachchata karnari upkarane aanee asha prakarchya serve goshti-dudh aanee asha prakarche serve kahee tutale hote.
aamulagra badalachi manahsthiti havemadhye hotee. serve samajvadi sarkar aanee yuddhatil russian sahbhag twarit sampavanyachi magani magani bolshevikanni kerenskikadun soviet congresschya, octobermadhye bolavalelya nivadoon aalelya kamgar aanee sainikanchya pratinidhinchya melavyat satta hastantarit karanyachi magani kelee. kerensky sarkarne yala eka prakarcha uthav manale aanee bolshevik press bund karnyasathi pavale uchalali. tyane soviet netyansathi atak warrant jaaree kele aanee avishvasaniy manale jaanare petrograd chhavaniche sainya parat aaghadit hastantarit karanyachi tayari kelee. bolshevik pakshache varchasva asalelya sovhietchya lashkari krantikari samiteene, sovhietchya bhavishyatil congresschya vatine satta kabij karnyacha nirdhar keela. 7 november 1917 roji sandhyakali 11 vajata tyane kerenskychya sarkarche aasan asalelya hiwali rajvadyavar kabja keela. bolshevik krantila suruvat karnari pratikatmak ghatana asalelya hiwali rajvadyachya sharad rututil velee nall aanee bryant upasthit hote.
naveen krantikari samajvadi sarkarcha eka utsahi samarthak haah reed hota. naveen sarkarchya aadeshanche aanee batmyanche ingerjit bhashantar karoon teey pararashtra vyavharansathichya naveen lock aayogasathi kaam karayala gele. "mea sahitya aanee mahitee gola karnyat aanee german khandakanmadhye jaanyasathi kagadpatranchya vitaranat dekhil sahkarya kele", reed nantar aathavala.
naveen sarkarchya antargat vartulachya jawal hii nalika hotee. teey leone trotsky yanna bhetale aanee 18 janewari 1918 roji sanvidhan sabhechya viramachya velee tyanchi olakh lenin yanchyashi jhaali. decemberparyant tyanche paise jawaljawal sampale hote aanee tyanni aantarrashtriy reed crosschya american raymond robinsobat nokri ghetali. robbinsla american hitsambandhanna protsahan denare vruttpatra suru karayache hote; naliche palan jhaale. pann tyanni tayar kelelya dummy ankat, tyanni shilekhali eka ishara samavisht kelah "haah kagad american bhandavalachya hitsambandhanna protsahan denyasathi samarpit aahe."
sanvidhan sabheche visarjan naan halata rahilele. done divasannantar, rifles, too virodhi krantikari hallyapasoon pararashtra karyalayache rakshan karnyasathi tayar asalelya laal rakshakanchya gasteet sameel jhaala. reed soviet sanghachya sanghachya congresschya udghatanala upasthit hota, jithe tyane krantichi batami americet aananyache vachan denare eka chhote bhashan dile, asey mhanat qee tyala aasha aahe qee teey "amerikechya shoshit aanee shoshit janatekadun uttar magwell."american patrakar edgar sisonane reedla sangitale qee bolshevik lock tyacha vapar tyanchya pracharasathi karat aahet, hii eka fatkar tyanni sweekarli.
janevarimadhye, trotskyne tyachya mothya sangrahatil surakshitatebaddalachya reedchya chintes pratisad dett, newyorkmadheel soviet vanijyadutache padd reedla deu kele. americene bolshevik sarkarla manyata dilee naslyamule, nalyachi olakh jawaljawal nishchitpane nakarli gelee asatee aanee tyala turungwasala samore jaave lagale asate (jyamule bolshevikanna kahee prachar samagri midali asatee). petrogradmadhil bahutek american lokanni reedchi niyukti hii eka mothee chook manali. vyapari alekzandar gambargane leninla bhet dilee, tyala eka vivaranpatra dakhavale jyamadhye russiala mothya pramanat american bhandwal pathbal denyachi aanee breast-litovsk yetheel vataghatibabat american drushtikon vyakt karnyasathi eka vruttpatra sthapan karanyachi magani kelee gelee hotee. leninla haah prastav ayogya vatala aanee tyane nalyacha umedvari arj mage ghetala. gambaragchya hastakshepachi mahitee midalyanantar, kalvyanni nantar nehmich tyacha upman keela.
reed aanee bryant yanni tyanchya russian anubhavambaddal pustake lihili aanee prakashit kelee. bryantche 'rashiyatil sahaa laal mahine' pratham disale, parantu reedche '10 divas jyane jug hadaravale' (1919) adhik laksh vedhoon ghetale.
bryant janewari 1918 madhye americet paratala, parantu 28 eprilparyant nalee newyork shaharat pohochali nahee. parat jaatana, nalee russiahoon finlandla gelee; finlandla jaatana tyachyakade visa kinwa parpatra navhate. turk bandarat, jevha steel stockholmla jaat asatana jahajavar chadhat hota, tevha finnish polisanni tyala atak kelee; tyala sodalya jaiparyant turkumadhil kakola turungat thevanyat aale. finlandhoon, nalee stockholmmarge khristiyaniyala, norwella gelee.
jansamuh" prakaranat tyachyavar aarop thevanyat aalyane, tyache jahaj newyorkla pohochale tevha federal simashulk tabadtob nall bhetale, tyanni tyachya vastooncha shodh ghet asatana tyala aath tasanpeksha jaast kaal jahajavar thewale. jyaa sahityatun too tyache pustak lihu ichchit hota, tee nalyachi kagadpatre japt karnyat aalee. tyacha vakeel mauris hillqvit yane reed divashi tyala federal imaratit upalabdh karoon denyache vachan dilyanantar tyala tyachya swatachya manyatevar sodanyat aale. novembarparyant tyanchi kagadpatre tyanna parat karnyat aalee navhati.
kattarpanthi rajkiy karyakarta.
americet parat, reed aanee bryant yanni bolshevikancha bachav keela aanee american hastakshepala virodh keela. germanyviruddhachya yuddhatoon russiachya baher padnyane santapt jhalelya janatene samanyatah sheet swagat kele. too russiamadhye asatana, 'janatesathi', visheshtah 'tumchya sainik mulasathi saral-jackett vinalele' heey shirshak asalele tyache lekh, masikaviruddha deshdrohacha aarop midvanyat sarkarla madat karoo shakale hote (yuddhavirodhi aandolan heey rajdroh aanee deshdroh manale jaat hote).
newyorkmadhye nall pohochanyachya aadalya divashi pahilya 'jansabhanchi' sunavani latkavalelya nyaypithat sampali. tyachyasah aaropinvar punha khatala chalvayacha hota. tyane 29 april roji tabadtob tabadtob jameen deela. dusra 'janmansa' chaa khatala dekhil fashichya shikshet sampala.
filadelfiyamadhye, 31 meey roji eka bund sabhagruhabaher nall ubha hota aanee polisanni tyala door khechoon naan aanata, yaa prakaranabaddal aanee yuddhabaddal 1,000 lokanchya gardila tras deela. dangalila uttejan dilyabaddal tyala atak karnyat aalee aanee aanee jameen denyat aala. nall adhik aakramak rajkiy, asahishnu aanee aatm-vidhvansak banale. 14 september roji, russiahoon paratalyanantar tyala tyala atak karnyat aalee, tyachyavar deshdrohachya kayadyache ullanghan kelyacha aarop thevanyat aala aanee 5,000 dollarschya jaminavar tyachi sutka karnyat aalee. bolshevik rashiyache sarvat mothe pradarshan bahudha americet (bronxmadhye) aayojit kelyanantar heey eka divas hote. reedne utkatatene krantiche rakshan kele hote, jee ameriketahi yet aahe asey tyala vatat hote. yukrenmadhil german mahattvakanksha aanee cyberiavaril japani yojana tapasoon russian yuddh prayatnanmadhye yogdan dett aahet assa yuktivad karat tyane rashiyatil mitrapakshanchya hastakshepala rokhanyacha prayatna keela, parantu haah yuktivad vyarth tharala.
februwari 1919 madhye, americetil bolshevik prachar upkramancha shodh shodh synet samitisamor bryantchi jordar chaukashi karnyat aalee, parantu teey lavchikpane udayas aale. reda tichya mage lagla. hombergerchya matey, tyachya sakshicha prasarmadhyamanni "kroorpane viparyas" keela hota. tyaa divashi nantar reed tyachya meey bhashanasathi khatala ladhavanyasathi philadelphiyala gela; firyadiche virodhi nyayadhish, prasarmadhyame aanee deshbhaktipar bhashan asoonahi, reedchya vakilane juriela heey prakaran abhivyakti swatantryabaddal asalyache patvoon dile aanee tyachi nirdosh muktata karnyat aalee. newyorkla paratalyanantar, reed mothya pramanavar bolat rahila aanee tyaa varshi samajvadi rajkaranachya vividh valananmadhye sahbhagi jhaala. grater newyorkchya davya shakhene prakashit kelelya 'daad newyork communist' yaa saptahik vartmanpatrache sampadak mhanoon tyanni kaam kele.
samajvadi pakshachya davya pakshashi sanlagn asalelya, itar kattarpanthi lokanshi sanlagn asalelya kodyala 30 august 1919 roji shikago yetheel rashtriy samajvadi adhiveshanatun kadhoon taknyat aale. kattarpanthi done kadvya shatruchya gatanmadhye vibhagale gele, jyane communist lebber party auph america (reedcha gut, joou tyane tayar karnyas madat kelee) aanee reed divashi, communist party auph america sthapan kelee. reed haah pahilacha aantarrashtriy pratinidhi hota, tyane tyacha jahirnama aanee munch lihila, tyacha pepper sampadit keela, 'daad voice auph lebber' aanee communist pakshachya 'daad communist' yaa sanghatanet 'jacq daad lyer' mhanoon tyachi ninda kelee gelee. gelee reedchya likhananni pashchimatya shailitil lokshahibaddal shanka vyakt kelya aanee sarvharachya hukumshahiche samarthan kele. tyancha assa vishvas hota qee heey eka aavashyak paul aahe jeey samanata aanee vyaktichya swatantryavar aadharit aadharit lokshahiche purvarupan karel."
commintern functionary.
deshdrohacha aarop aanee see. ell. pii. sathee commintern pathbal midvanyachya aashene, aktoobar 1919 chya suruvatila scandinavian frigatevar banavat parpatrasah reed amerikepasoon paloon gela; tyane eka stoker mhanoon norwechya bergenla jaanyacha marg shodhala. kinarpattichi sutty midalyanantar too khristiyaniyala gayab jhaala, 22 aktoobar roji sweedenmadhye gela, ever lassiechya madatine finlandmadhun gela aanee railwayne moscola gela. 1919-20 chya thund hivalyat, tyane moscochya aaspaschya pradeshat pravas keela, karkhane, samuday aanee gave pahili. tyane tyachya likhanane notebook bharalya aanee eka russian mahileshi tyache premsambandh hote.
krantibaddalachya nalyachya bhavna dvidha mansthitit aalya. americene deshdrohachya kayadyantargat haddapar kelelya shekado paradeshi lokanmadhye, karyakartya emma goldman alikadech 'bufford' varr aalee hotee. teela visheshtah chekabaddal kalji vatat hotee. krantiche shatru tyanchya bhavitavyache patra aahet asey reedne teela sangitale, parantu sadhyachya paristhitichi teeka karnari angelica balabanofla bhetave asey suchavale. suvarnamanavane dusari bajoo aikavi ashee tyachi ichcha hotee.
eleanoymadhye atakecha dhoka asala taree, februwari 1920 madhye reedne americet paratanyacha prayatna keela. tyaveli, soviet sanghane united communist party auph america sthapan karnyasathi eka adhiveshan aayojit kele. nalane latviamarge russia sodanyacha prayatna keela, parantu tyachi gaadee kadhich aalee nahee, jyamule tyala petrogradla purvekade purvekade purvekade lashkari gadichya chaukatit swar vhave lagale. marchmadhye, too helsinkila gela, jithe tyache kattarpanthi mitra hote, jyat bhavee rajkarani aanee sansad sadasya asalelya hallah vulijokicha samavesh hota. tyanchya madatine too malavahu vimanachya tabyat lapvoon thevanyat aala.
13 march roji, finish simashulk simashulk jahajavaril kolshachya bankarmadhye code sapadale. tyala police thanyat nenyat aale, jithe tyane sangitale qee too navik "jiim gormale" aahe. akheris, tyachyajaval asalele dagine, chhayachitre, patre aanee banavat kagadpatre yamule tyala tyachi kharee olakh ughad karnyas bhag padale. anek vela marhan kelee aanee chhal karanyachi dhamki dilee taree tyane tyachya sthanik samparkanchi nave denyas nakar deela. tyachya maunamule tyachyavar deshdrohacha khatala chalavata aala nahee. tyachyavar taskari aanee tyachya tabyat dagine (14,000 dollar kimatiche 102 lahan hire, jeey japt karnyat aale hote) thevalyacha aarop thevanyat aala aanee tyala doshi tharvanyat aale.
amerikechya rajya sachivanna reedchya atkevar samadhan vatale aanee tyanni tyanchya kagadpatransathi finish finish dabav aanala. american adhikari matra, nalyachya bhavitavyabaddal udaseen rahile. jaree nalane taskarisathi dand bharala asala taree tyala tabyat ghenyat aale. tyachi sharirik sthitee aanee manachi sthitee zapatyane khalavali. teey nairashya aanee nidranashane grast hote, tyanni bryantla bhitidayak patre lihili aanee 18 meey roji uposhan karanyachi dhamki dilee. akheris junachya suruvatila tyachi sutka jhaali aanee 5 tarkhela too tallinn, estoniala ravana jhaala. done divasannantar, jawaljawal keval valalele maase pajlyamule honare kuposhan aanee skarvipasoon barey houn too petrogradla gela. tyacha utsah unch hota.
junachya akheris, nall moscola gela. tine bryantshee tichyabarobar sameel honyachya shakyatebaddal charcha kelyanantar, tine swedish tramp steamermadhun marg midavala aanee 10 august roji gothenbergla pohochali. tyach velee, reed reed commintern congressmadhye upasthit rahila. jaree tyachi manahsthiti nehmipramanech anandi aanee ugra asali, taree tyache sharirik swaroop bighadale hote.
yaa kongresdarmyan, itar krantikarkanni russiananna dakhavalelya aadaravar nalane tivra aakshep ghetala. nantarchya lokancha assa vishvas hota qee krantikari utsahachi laat qamee hott aahe aanee communist pakshane vidyaman sansthanmadhye kaam karane aavashyak aahe-dhoranatmak kalap vinashkari tharel asey vatale. carl radek aanee grigori zinovieve yanni kongresdarmyan pradarshit kelelya gundgirichya davpechancha too tiraskar karat hota, jyanni 15 august roji bakoo yethe yethe purvekadil lokanchya congressmadhye upasthit rahanyache aadesh dile.
nagri yuddh aanee vishamjvarane uddhvast jhalelya grameen bhagatoon railwayne pravas karoon bakoocha pravas paach divasancha pradirgh hota. reed jaanyas tayar navhata. bryant mermanskhoon aalyanantar teela petrogradmadhye bhetayache asalyane tyane nantar pravas karanyachi parvanagi magitali. zinovivne adhikrut trainne nall ghenyacha aagrah dharlah "comminternne nirnay ghetala aahe. aadnya paala."soviet sadbhavna aavashyak asalelya aanee comminternberober antim vishrantisathi tayar nasalelya nalane anichhene pravas keela. swatah samyavad sodoon dilyanantar anek varshanni, tyacha mitra benjamin gitalo yane thampane sangitale qee zinovivne kelelya vagnukimule nalicha samyavadi chalvalipasun tivra bhramniras jhaala.
bakumadhil tyachya kalat, bryantchya moscotil aagmanachi ghoshana karnara taar prapt jhaala. too tichya magomag tithe 15 september roji pohochala aanee teela mageel aath mahinyanchya ghatanambaddal sangu shakala. too vruddha disat hota aanee tyache kapade fatalele hote. moscomadhye asatana, tyane bryantla gheuun lenin, trotsky, lev kamenev aanee itar aaghadichya bolshevikanna bhetale aanee moscochya balley aanee qalaa dalananna dekhil bhet dilee.
mrutyu.
nall united statesmadhye parat yenyacha nirdhar karat hota parantu 25 september roji too aajari padala. suruvatila tyala influenzae asalyache vatale, tyala paach divasannantar rugnalayat dakhal karnyat aale aanee tyala thipkedar vishamajwar asalyache nidan jhaale. bryantne ticha serve vel tyachyasobat ghalavala, parantu mitrapakshanchya nakabandimule aushadhe midayachi navhati. nalyache munn bhataku lagale; akheris tyane tyachya sharirachya ujavya bajucha vapar gamavala aanee tyala aata bolata yet navhate. 17 aktoobar 1920 roji mosco yethe tyanche nidhan jhaale tevha tyanchya patnine tyancha haat pakadala hota. eka nayakachya antyasanskaranantar, nalyacha mrutdeh samoohik kabari kra. 5 inessa aarmandchya shejari cremlin bhintivaril kabarsthanavar. keval teen american lokanna haah sanman midala aahe; itar done see aahet. eae. ruthenberg, communist party yuu. ess. aii. chey sansthapak aanee biil haywood, sansthapak sadasya aanee jagatil audhyogik kamgaranche nete.
varsa.
lokpriy sanskratimadhye nalyacha arth vegvegala aahe. kahee, jase qee charitrakar robbert aii. rosenstone tyala pranayramya mhatale aahe, tarr upton synclairne tyachi "kranticha khelpatu" mhanoon khilli udavali aahe. jyaa samyavadi chalvalishi teey sambandhit hote, tyaa chalvalisathi, nall heey bolshevik krantichya aantarrashtriy swarupache prateek banale, kremlinchya bhintivar gambhir dhamdhumit daphan kelela eka shaheed, tyache naav kattarpanthi devatancha sadasya mhanoon aadarane uchcharale jaave. tyacha juna mitra aanee comrade benjamin gitalo yasarkhya itaranni assa dawa keela qee tyachya aayushyachya akheris naline soviet samyavadachya nokarshahi aanee hinsacharapasun door rahane suru kele hote. tyanni tyanchya swatachya samyavadvirodhi karyat maranottar nalika samavisht karnyacha prayatna keela.

