bhau jonathan (steamers)

bhau jonathan haah paddle steamers hota joou point sentjaval adnyat khadkala dhadakala. 30 julai 1865 roji californiatil ardhchandra shaharachya shaharachya george yethe, yaa jahajavar 244 pravasi aanee karmchari hote, jyat sonyacha motha satha hota. keval 19 lock bachavale, jyamule amerikechya prashant prashant too aataparyantcha sarvat pranghatak jahaj apghat tharala. pravasi aanee aanee yadinusar 225 lokancha mrutyu jhalyache manale jaate. 1993 paryant tyache sthan sapadale navhate aanee 1996 madhye sonyacha eka bhag parat midala. 1862 madhye prashant vayavya sheetjwar mahamarila suruvat karnyat yaa jahajachi mahattvachi bhoomika hotee, jyat yaa pradeshatil hajaro sthanik lokancha mrutyu jhaala.
prarambhik bandhkam.
heey jahaj perin, patterson aanee stack yanni williamsburg, brooklin yethe bandhale hote aanee 2 november 1850 roji prakshepit kele gele. california goaled rush darmyan nauvahan vyavasay chalavanyacha prayatna prayatna edward mills yaa nyu yorkerne teey suru kele hote aanee tyala bhau jonathan yaa nyu englandchya pradeshache vyaktimatva asalelya patravarun naav denyat aale hote. 1851 madhye bandhale gele tevha teey lamb aanee rund hote. tyacha marg newyork teey chagres, panama assa hota aanee tyachya pahilya pravasat tyane 31 divasanchya sarvat vegwan fericha vikram keela. pravasi panamacha istamas olandat aanee aanee jahajadware uttarekade californiala jaat asat.
1852 madhye heey jahaj cornelius vanderbiltne vikat ghetale, jyane eka pratispardhi resha chalavali, tyachya uddhvast jhalelya jahajanpaiki ekachya jaagi. wanderbiltne 'bhau jonathan' laa cape hornbhovati firavale aanee margachya prashant bajula tyacha vapar keela. adhik pravashanna samavoon ghenyasathi vanderbiltne steamermadhil badalahi kele hote.
vapar.
wanderbiltchya kampanikade nikaraguamarge istamas olandun pravashanna nenyacha vishesh karar hota, parantu 1856 madhye nikaragua sarkarne haah karar radd keela. tyanantar jahaj capton johnn raitala vikale gele, tyache naav badaloon 'commodore' asey karnyat aale aanee sann franciscochya naveen ghar bandarapasoon british kolambiyaparyantchya paschim kinarpattichya marganvar thewale gele, kaaran sonyache shodhak fracer canyon goaled rushla pravas karat hote.
oregon rajyachya itihasat yaa jahajane eka chhoti pann pratikatmak bhoomika bajavali. 14 februwari 1859 roji rashtradhyaksh james buchanan yanni oregonla unionmadhye pravesh denyachya vidheykavar swakshari kelyanantar, hii batami seent. lui, stagekochne sann franciscola nele aanee 10 march roji 'commodore' varr bharalele jahaj, 15 march roji portlandmadhye dock kele gele, oregonchya lokanna rajyacha darja denyachi adhikrut adhisuchana dilee.
1861 paryant, jahaj kharab sthiteet aale hote aanee californiachya vafechya navigation companyla punha vikale gele, jyanni teey punha jodale, 'brother jonathan' heey mool naav punarsanchayit kele aanee sann franciscopasoon portlandmarge vancuverparyantchya uttar dishene thewale, jyamule prospectorna salmon nadichya sonyachya gardivar kaam karata aale. pudhil anek varshant, yaa jahajane paisiphik kinarpattivaril sarvottam steamerspacky eka mhanoon pratishtha midavali, pratyek margane 69 taas dhavnare sarvat vegwan jahaj mhanoon.
tathapi, 1865 chya unhalyat jahajala kolambiya nadivar barkentineshee dhadak basali, jyamule jahajachya prushthbhagache nuksan jhaale. junmadhye jahajachi kamaan nuktich nuktich capton samuel devolfane jahaj koradya godimadhye durust karanyachi shifaras kelee hotee, parantu companyne panyat asatana durusti kelee, kaaran itka vyavasay hota qee malvahatukicha pralambit sanch tayar houu lagla.
1862 saalee shitpittachi mahamari.
12 march 1862 roji jevha 'bhau jonathan' sann franciscohoon uttarekade pravas karat british kolambiyachya victoriyamadhye pohochala, tevha too shitpittane sankramit jhalelya eka khaan kamgarala sobat gheuun aala. jevha yaa rogane victoriyachya aaspas tall thokalelya sthanik lokanna sankramit karnyas suruvat kelee, tevha vasahatvadi californiachya tyanna nighun jaanyas bhag padale parantu teey gharee paratat asatana, tyanni haah rog sampoorn kharat samudra kshetra aanee prashant vayvyes, pujet aavajapasun dakshin alaskaparyant pasaravala. itihaskar johnn lutz yanchya matey, "victoriache nagrik ghabarale hote, asey konihi mhanoo shakate. kinwa, qamee dharmaday drushtikonatun, asey mhanata yeil qee tyanni jaanunbujun sthanik lokanna shaharatoon hakaloon dile aanee tyamule haah rog akheris tyanchya mool samudayanmadhye parat pasarla."
mrutanchya sankhyecha andaj vegvegala aahe. portland steet universityche manavvanshashastradnya robbert tii. boyd suchavato qee, 1862 chya akheris, akheris 14,000 sthanik lock udrekamule maran pavale hote. itar andaj asey suchavatat qee, pudhil varshat, yaa pradeshatil kiman 30,000 sthanik lock maran pavale. kinarpattivaril sthanik lokanchi kiman ardhi loksankhya maran pavali, jyamule "samoohik kabari, nirjan gave, aaghatgrast vachalele lock aanee samajik patan" mage rahile jyamule yaa bhagatil vasahatvad sulabh jhaala.
jahajacha apghata.
tyachya shevatchya pravasat, jahaj khoop bharalele hote aanee dwalfchya vidhavachya matey, tyala vatale qee jahaj panyat khoop khalee aahe, pravashanshivay, parantu tyala sanganyat aale qee jarr tyane pravas keela nahee tarr tyala kadhoon takale jaeel aanee tyachya jaagi dusare konitari yeil. jevha nighanyachi vel aalee tevha jahajacha talashi bhag chikhalat budala hota aanee teela baher kadhanyasathi rassikhech karnyasathi tyanna mothya bharatiparyant vaat pahavi lagali. tathapi, nantarchya itihaskaranni tharavale qee pratyaksh bhaar 700 tananpeksha jaast navhata, joou tyachya 900 tunn vahoon nenyachya kshamatepeksha khoopach qamee hota.
sann franciscochya khaditoon portland aanee victoriyasathi nighalyanantar kahee tasatach too vadali vadali gela. bahutek pravasi samudradurbal jhaale aanee tyanchya kholyanmadhye rahile. ravivari pahate, 30 julai 1865 roji, tyachya pravasachya pahilya tappyat, yaa steamerne ardhchandra shaharachya bandarat lunger takala. tyaa ravivari dupari upasagarachya surakshitatetun baher padlyanantar jahajala adhik vadali paristhiticha samna karava lagla. california/oregon simejaval samudra itka kharab hota qee captonne jahaj ardhchandra shaharachya bandarakade valanyache aadesh dile. tyaa paratalyavar aanee bandarachya jawal, panchechalis minitannantar jahaj eka khadkala dhadakale aanee jahajane kathavaril eka motha chhidra fadala. eka mahina aadhi durusti kelelya aanee tyat modalya gelelya kathachya bhagachya thet varr malavahu sathyat eka judd dhatoo crusher bharala gela hota. paach minitant, jahaj suru hott asalyache captainla samajale aanee tyane pravasi aanee aanee jahaj sodoon denyache aadesh dile.
serve lokanna jahajavar thevanyasathi puresha lifeboat asalya taree keval teen boaty tainat kelya jaau shakalya. dhairya aanee nirasha, bheeti aanee aatmabalidanachi anek krutye hotee. khadbadit latanmule pahili lifeboat ulatali jee khalee utaravanyat aalee aanee aanee botila jahajachya bajunna dhadak dilee. akra karmchari, paach mahila aanee teen mule asaleli keval ekach surfboat paloon jaanyat aanee surakshitpane ardhchandravar pohochanyat yashasvi jhaali. bandaratil chaar botinni kosalalyamule jahajaparyant pohochanyacha prayatna keela parantu vadalamule tyanna mage valave lagale.
piditanmadhye asey hoteh
tyachya antim pravasasathi, bharatiy jamatinsathi sonyat varshik kararatil deyake, bandar aanee vancouversathi pathavalelya vihirinchya malvahatuk aanee pravashanni jahajavar vahoon vahoon sonyasah sonyachya nanyanche dabe jahajavar bharnyat aale hote. mothya jahajache surakshit dagine, adhik sonyachi nanee aanee sonyachya pattya. aajchya dollarmadhe ektya sonyache moolya 5 kotee dollar hote. aapattinantar done aathvadyanni muvaiyye aanee jahajanni budalelya khajinyacha shodh ghenyas suruvat kelee, parantu anek lokanche prayatna karoonahi, 125 varshanhun adhik kaal jahajacha sonyacha khajina aanee kalakruti sapadalya naheet, jaree 1930 chya dashakat eka machchimarane dawa keela hota qee tyala tyachya jaalitil bhagnavsheshatun sonyachya pattya sapadalya aahet. karyakari aadesh 6102 mule tyaa velee sonyachya pattya balgane bekaydeshir asalyane, tyanni 1974 madhye tyaa vikalya jaiparyant haah shodh gupt thewala.
aadhunik punarpraptiche prayatna.
bhau jonathan' heey ardhchandrakar shaharatoonach budale asale taree, vadale, khadkal marg, panyakhalil pravah aanee panyakhalil andhar yamule teey sapadane thambale. tantradnyan sudharanyasathi aavashyak hote aanee jahaj sapadanyapurvi sanshodhakanna tyanche andaj badalave lagale. 1993 chya tyanchya mohimechya shevatchya divashi, khol samudra sanshodhanat (dii. ess. aar.) guntalelya lokanni tharavale qee jahaj panyakhali jaaun talala dhadakale hote, jithun teey khadakat kosalale. donald nitechya netrutvakhali (jyachya vadilanna bhagnavsheshacha eka tukada sapadala hota) aanee dhokadayak paristhitit, 1 aktoobar 1993 roji eka chhotya panbudine andajit thikani jahaj sapadale.
kalantarane, chamoone kalakruti kholitoon parat aananyas suruvat kelee.
1996 madhye, eka chhotya up-jahajane talashi eka 'chamak' paar kelee, jyamule utsukata vadhali. 30 august 1996 roji, gotakhoranna 1860 chya dashkatil 875 sonyachi nanee jawalpas pudina sthiteet sapadali. kalantarane, bachavkartyanni 1,207 sonyachi nanee, pramukhyane 20 dollarchi duheri garud, japt kelee.
akheris ubharanyat aalelya itar hajaro vastunmadhye vastunmadhye shatkatil cutt-chrystal sherry chashma, chashma porcelainchya thalya, bearche mug, terrakota container (ekekali germanyche khanij paanee dharan karnare), kachechi bhandi, cup, kacheche container, bahuayami cruit batalya, wine aanee shampenchya batalya, vastunche dabe dabe aanee darpudyansah) aanee aushadhache tincture yancha samavesh hota.
punarpraptiche prayatna suru asatana, bachavkarte, californiachi sthitee aanee nanasampann tadnyancha samavesh asalele khatale bharpur hote. california kayadeshir bhoomika ghetali qee bhagnavshesh aanee tyachya tyachya asalelya serve goshtinche haqq tyachyakade aahet. rajyane "aitihasik jahaj durghatane" chey adhikar denara eka vyapak kayada lagoo keela hota, tyamule tyane tarankartyachya malkichya davyancha ladha deela. vatet pratyek nyayadhish californiachya bhoomikeshi sahmat nasla taree, samaan hitsambandh asaleli anek rajye kayadeshir ladhait sameel jhaali. shevati, yuu.ess. 1998 madhye sarvoch nyayalayane ekmatane asey tharavale qee vidyaman sanghiy kayadyala pradhanya aahe, rajyachya kayadyanna (kayade) asanvaidhanik ghoshit kele aanee bachavkartyansathi nikal deela. tathapi, californiachya californiachya dii. ess. aar. laa sangitale qee teey tathyanvar punha sarvoch nyayalayat ladha deteel aanee rajyala antim tadjodimadhye japt kelelya sonyapaiki 20 takke sone tasech bhagnavasthechi malki midali.
budalelya khajinyachya jahajatoon sapadalelya serve bachavachya sonyachya pahilya kayadeshiraritya manyataprapt vikrimadhye, losses angelisemadhye 29 meey 1999 roji dii. ess. aar. chya sonyachya nanyanchya lilavat 500 hoon adhik boolii lavnare upasthit hote. tyachya 1006 nanyanchya vikrine ekoon $63 lakhanchi kamai kelee.
darmyan, 1930 chya dashakat japt kelelya aanee 1974 madhye vikalya gelelya sonyachya pattyanchya pramaniktevar aanakhi eka vadavivad suru jhaala hota. 1999 chya american numismatic associationchya varshik adhiveshanat eka durmil sarvajanik vadat nanyanchya tadnyanni pattyanchya pramaniktevar ekmekanvar hallah keela. yamule khatala dekhil jhaala.
varsa.
jahaj kosalalyamule, kosalalyamule jahajatoon jivanrakshak boaty sodanyachya kshamtesah pravasi-jahajachi suraksha sudharanyasathi kayade manjur karnyat aale.
parinami seent bandhanyasahi manjuri midali. george reif dipgruhache bandhkam 1892 paryant purn jhaale navhate.
mrutanche smarak, california aitihasik landmark kra. 541, heey ardhchandra shaharatil bhau jonathan vista pointvar aahe. aitihasik sthalanchya rashtriy nondanimadhye jahaj kosalalyachi yadee aahe.
dell nort county aitihasik society yaa ardhchandra shaharatil sthanik aitihasik samajadvare chalavalya chalavalya punarprapt kelelya kalakrutinsathi khol samudra sanshodhanatun eka sanwardhan prayogshala sthapan karnyat aalee. bachavkartyanni mudrashastradnya robbert aar. saha rashtriy tadnyanchi dekhil nemanook kelee. johnson, ronald eff. yaa prayatnanmadhye swayamsevkansobat kaam karnyasathi umile aanee constantin balter. haah chhota aitihasik samaj kalakrutinche nutanikaran aanee dekhbhal karat aahe, tasech 'bhau jonathan' yanchya nidhanavar aanee punarprapt kelelya vividh vastunvar pradarshan kareet aahe. jahajache chaak portlandmadhil eka upahargruhat aadhalu shakate.
sonyachi nanee aadhich sapadali aanee ubhi kelee gelee asali taree, 'bhau jonathan' yachya sonyachya petty ajunahi lapalelya aanee abadhit aahet. kotyavadhi dollarsche dagine, sonyachya baar aanee sonyasah mothee surakshit jaaga kadhich sapadali nahee. bachavkartyancha andaj aahe qee khajinyacha chaar-panchmansh bhag ajunahi shodhanyachi pratiksha kareet aahe-jaminipasoon keval mailanvar.
jahaj durghatanechya 150 vya vardhapan dinanimitt, idaho yadavi yuddh goalmage parishadene shokantiketil pidit aanee vachalelyancha sanman karnyasathi eka vishesh smaran karyakram aayojit keela hota, jithe 'bandhu jonathan' chya 150 vya vardhapan dinachya sanketsthalache anavaran karnyat aale hote.

