phoenician bhasha

phoenician () hii eka namshesh jhaleli canani semitic bhasha aahe jee moolatah tyre aanee sidon shaharanchya aaspaschya pradeshat bolali jaate. vyapak tyro-sidonian vyapar aanee vyavsayik varchasvamule lohyugat phoenician hii sagari bhoomadhyasagarachi eka bhasha bunley. yaa kalat phoenician varnamala greesmadhye pasarali, jithe tee serve aadhunik european lipincha srot bunley. 
phoenician haah canani bhashancha aahe aanee baybalsambandhi hibru aanee gatachya itar bhashanshi agadi samya aahe, kiman tyachya suruvatichya tappyat aanee tyamule tyanchyashi paraspar samajanyayogya aahe.
jyaa bhagat phoenician bolali jaat asey tyat uttar levent aanee kiman eka pratishthechi bhasha mhanoon, anatolia, visheshtah aata siriya, lebnon, paschim gallile, sayprasache kahee bhag aanee turkeychya kahee lagatchya bhagancha samavesh aahe. nairutya bhoomadhya samudrachya kinarpattivaril finician vasahatikaran kshetratahi heey bolale jaat hote, jyat aadhunik tunisia, morokko, libia aanee algeria tasech malta, sisilichya paschimela, sardiniya, coursica, belleric bete aanee sarvat dakshinekadil spaincha samavesh aahe.
aadhunik kalat, hii bhasha pahilyanda 1758 madhye jeane-jacks barthlemy yanni decode kelee hotee, jyanni namood kele qee 'phoenician' heey naav samuel bochart yanni tyanchya 'bhaugolik sacra seyu faleg ett cannan' madhye pahilyanda dile hote.
itihas.
phoenician haah rajyastariy pahila samaj hota jyane semitic varnamalecha vyapak vapar keela. phoenician varnamala hii sarvat junie satyapit vyanjan varnamala kinwa "abzad" aahe."ii. sha. puu. puu shatkachya madhyaparyant, jevha tee pratham koralelya kansya bananchya shidyanvar pramanit kelee jaate, aanee ii. sha. puu. 1050 nantarach" "phoenician" "mhanoon, lipicha sandarbh" "proto-kanani" "assa dene paramparik jhaale aahe". phoenician dhvanyatmak varnamala hii jawaljawal serve aadhunik varnamalanchi kiman aanshik purvaj asalyache samanyatah manale jaate.
paramparik bhashik drushtikonatun, phoenician vividh bolibhashanni banalela hota. kahee strotannusar, phoenician vegalya tyro-sidonian aanee biablian bolibhashanmadhye vikasit jhaala. yaa vruttanusar, tyro-sidonian boolii, jyatoon akheris punic bhasha udayas aalee, tee vyapar aanee vasahatikaranachya madhyamatoon bhoomadhyasagarat pasarali, tarr biblosechi pracheen boolii, jee keval kahee dozen vidyaman shilalekhanchya sangrahatoon dnyat aahe, tine konatihi vistaratmak bhoomika bajavali nahee. tathapi, bhashetil agadi kirkol farak aanee tyaa kalatil kalatil nondi heey spasht karatat qee finicianne eka swatantra aanee eksandh bolibhasha tayar kelee qee tee keval vyapak bhasha satatyacha varvarcha paribhashit bhag hota. tyanchya sagari vyaparadvare, finiciansani varnamalecha vapar vayavya africa aanee europemadhye pasaravala, jithe greekanni too swikarla. nantar, etruscansani tyanchya swatachya vaparasathi sudharit aavrutti sweekarli, jee, roman lokanni sudharit kelee aanee sweekarli aanee lattin varnamala bunley. bhoomadhya pradeshachya poorves, ii. sha. puu. puu shatkaparyant hii bhasha vaparali jaat hotee, jevha tee tithe namshesh jhaali asey disate.
punic vasahatikaranane finiciancha prasar paschim bhoomadhyasagaramadhye keela, jithe vishisht punic bhasha vikasit jhaali. punic dekhil nasht jhaala, parantu too finicianpeksha khoop jaast kaal, 6 vya shatkaparyant, kadachit ii. sha. 9 vya shatkaparyantahi tikala asava asey disate.
lekhan pranali.
phoenician heey phoenician lipine lihile gele hote, jeey proto-kanani varnamaletun ugam pavalele eka abzad (vyanjan) hote jeey greek varnamalela aanee etruscan rupantaradvare lattin varnamalela aadhar banale. lipiche punic swaroop haloohaloo kahise bhinn aanee adhik vakr aksharanche aakar vikasit jhaale; ii. sha. puu. puu shatkat, tyat swaranchi upasthiti, visheshtah antim swaranchi, alef kinwa kadhikadhi ayinsah chinhankit karanyachi pravrutti dekhil disun yeu lagali. shivay, aanee punic yuddhachya sumaras, aanakhi eka vakr swaroop vikasit houu lagale, jyamule neo-punic mhanoon olakhalya bolalya vividhatela janm jhaala aanee adhik puranmatvadi swarupabarobar astitvat hote aanee karthejchya nashanantar kahee kalanantar teey pramukh jhaale (see. ii. sha. puu. 149). neo-punic, tyaa badalyat, mageel pranalinpeksha adhik vela matter lectionis ("vyanjan akshare") asalelya swaranna niyukt karnyacha cull darshavito aanee khalee adhik tapshilvar varnan kelelya margane vegvegalya swaransathi paddhatshirpane bhinn akshare vaparnyas suruvat kelee. shevati, aata jeey constantine aahe, algeriatil ii. sha. puu. pahilya shatkatil anek usheera shilalekh punic lihinyasathi greek varnamala vapartat aanee ii. sha. chya puu aanee chauthya shatkatil tripolitaniatil anek shilalekh tyaa uddeshasathi lattin varnamala vapartat.
finician likhanat, arami, baybalmadhil ibri aanee arabi yasarkhya abjadanchya ulat, lamb swaradekheel tyanchya utpattichi parva naan karata samanyatah aprakat rahile (jaree teey dipthongpasoon udbhavale asale taree, beaty 'haus' madhye, purvichya '* bett-' sathee; ibrichya aksharanna bite asate). akheris, punic lekhakanni 'matters lectionis' chya madhyamatoon swaranchya chinhankan pranalichi amalbajavani karnyas suruvat kelee. ii. sha. puu. puu shatkat konatyahi antim swarachi upasthiti chinhankit karnyasathi antim 'alep' vaparanyachi pratha aanee kadhikadhi, antim lambi chinhankit karnyasathi yode vaparanyachi pratha disun aalee.
nantar, bahutek tathakathit 'neo-punic' shilalekhanmadhil carthage nasht jhalyanantar, jyachya purakpane eka pranali hotee jyamadhye vau darshavili gelee hotee, yodd darshavili gelee hotee, 'alep darshavili gelee aanee,' aayin darshavili gelee aanee heey aanee darshavinyasathi dekhil vaparali jaau shakate. hii nantarchi pranali pratham paradeshi shabdansah vaparali gelee aanee nantar anek mool shabdanparyant dekhil vistarit kelee gelee.
sahityat nondavaleli tisari pratha mhanje swaransathi vyanjan aksharancha vapar, jyaa prakare greek aanee lattin bhashetil phoenician varnamalechya mool rupantarat jhaala hota, joou ajunahi punic lekhakansathi pardarshak hotah heey phaur aanee 'aalep phaur.
nantar, punic shilalekh lattin varnamalet lihayala suruvat jhaali, jyat swarahi soochit kele gele. greek aksharanmadhil kahee shilalekh aanee itar bhashanmadhye phoenician navanche pratilekhan yakhereej, nantarche teey shilalekh, phoenician swarambaddalachya dnyanacha mukhya srot darshavtat.
dhvanyatmakata.
vyanjan.
khaleel taktyat phoenician varnamalemadhye darshavilyapramane phoenician bhasheche vyanjan dhwani, tyanchya manak semitikist lipyantaranasaha aanee aantarrashtriy dhvanyatmak varnamalamadhye punarnirmit dhvanyatmak moolyansah sadar kele aahet.:
vareel abjadmadhye pratibimbit jhaleli pranali hii anek vilinanche utpadan aahe. proto-vayavya semitikpasoon cananiteparyant, aanee tyat villin jhaale aahet, aanee aanee, aanee tyat villin jhaale aahet. tyanantar, cananitepasoon finicianparyant, saha-sadasya aanee mhanoon villin kele gele aanee mhanoon villin kele gele aanee * aanee * * mhanoon villin kele gele. saha-akshatanchya dhvanyatmak mulyansathi, khalee pahaa. baybalmadhil ibri bhashetahi hya nantarchya ghadamodi eka tappyavar kinwa aanee velee ghadalya, tyaa vagalata tyaa tyat villin jhalya.
bhawand.
proto-semitic sahajivinche mool moolya aanee tyanusar tyanchya finician samkakshanche moolya vadgrast aahe. paramparik dhwani moolye, sathee, sathee aanee sathee aahet, tarr alikadil vidvattecha yuktivad aahe qee vareel vyanjan taktyat lipyantar kelyapramane hote, hote, hote aanee hote. kramalkov dekhil suchavato qee phoenician * zed heey [desed] kinwa agadi [zedadi] dekhil pratyakshik "zed" sathee "edey" sarkhya lattin pratilekhanvar aadharit asoo shakate."
dusarikade, seane aanee samek, jeey bahutek vela phoenician varnalekhnane changle vegale aahet, teey dekhil akheris shastriy finicianmadhye kinwa nantarchya punicmadhye villin jhaale qee nahee yavar vaad aahe.
postwellers.
nantarchya punicmadhye, swarayantra aanee swarayantra purnapane nasht jhalyache disate. lattin varnamaladvare heey kinwa bharavshache purese pratinidhitva kele jaau shakat nahee, parantu punic lipichya pratilekhanmadhun dekhil tyaa parinamache purave aahet.
linition.
baybalsambandhi hibru aanee arami (see. eff.) sarkhya itar bahutek vayavya semitic bhashanmadhye jhalelya fonician-pyunikchya viram vyanjananchya lenitionmadhun kadhee gele aahe qee nahee yavar ekmat nahee. hackett viruddha segart aanee layawdansky). yaa vyanjanache bahudha 'samanya' rupantar punicmadhye aanee nantarchya finicianmadhye jhaale asave, jase qee teey proto-arabicmadhye hote. nishchitach, lattin-lipitil usheera pyunikchya sadarikarananmadhye vividh sthananvar 'ph', 'tha' aanee 'kha' saha anek sarpil pratilekhanancha samavesh aahe (jaree yaa jodanicha arth purnapane spasht nasla taree) tasech mool * pii sathee 'eff' akshar samavisht aahe. tathapi, neo-punicmadhye, * bii heey khaleel vyanjanala sanlagn/vhee/asey linited kele jaate, lattin transcriptionmadhye tyachya mulasathi * ell. bii. aine. emm. sathee 'lifenim' mhanoon.
swar.
lekhan paddhatichi vaishishtye asalyamule swar pranaliche dnyan khoop apoorn aahe. tyachya bahutansh astitvadarmyan, phoenician likhanat konatehi swar ajibat disale naheet aanee jaree tyachya itihasat akheris swar sanketan pranali udayala aalya, taree tyaa kadhihi sthanik shabdasangrahat satatyane lagoo houu shakalya naheet. asey manale jaate qee finicianmadhye lahan swar hote, aanee lamb swar,,,,, hote. proto-semitic dipthong aanee aanee mhanoon lakshat yetat. heey baybalmadhil ibripeksha aadhi ghadale asave kaaran parinami parinami lamb swaranna ardhasvaraksharanni chinhankit kele jaat nahee (baybalmadhil ibri bitechya ulat, 'bett' heey ghar 'heey' beaty 'asey lihile gele hote).
finicianmadhil sarvat thalak gayan vikas mhanje tathakathit cananite shift, joou baybalmadhil hibrudware samayik keela jaato, parantu finicianmadhye pudhe jaato. proto-vayavya semitic aanee keval tiberian hibrupramanech nahee, tarr banale. tanalelya proto-semitic heey tiberian hibru (itar paramparanmadhye) banale, parantu phoenician jhaale. heey badal lattin aanee greek pratilekhandware siddha jhaale aahe, jase qee "roose/ροyς" mhanje "doke, cape" ′, ruu/ruu/(tiberian hibru "rōs"/roːch/,); tyachpramane 'tyane aikale', 'samo/σαμω' mhanje 'tieberian hibru', 'summ/σαμω', 'heey', '(tiberian hibru', 'сāmaʼ/чоːːːmaʼ/); tyachpramane' anantkal 'haah shabd greek pratilekhanmadhun' ülōm/οyλομ ',' Âlām/Âlām '/Âlām'/Âlām '/' Âlām '/' Âlām '/' Âlām '/' Âlām '/' Âlām '/' Âlām '/' Âlām '/' Âlām '/' Âlām '/' Âlām '/ greek aanee lattin varnamalanmadhil 'vaay' aanee 'vaay' (nishchit aaropatmak chinh) yaa shabdansathi vaparlele 'vaay' heey akshar, sandnya aanee visheshananmadhye taana yenyapurvi kriyapadanmadhil purv-taana shabdanshanmadhye aanee done aksharanmadhye ghadalele qamee jhalele 'shwa' swar darshavit asalyache arth lavala jaau shakato, tarr 'vaay' chee itar udaharane 'kayal'/'kayal' aanee 'kayal' sathee 'kayal'/'kull' sathee 'serve' heey 'poenulus' madhye swar badalacha pudhil tappa mhanoon arth lavala jaau shakato, jyacha parinam 'front' aanee 'vaay' chya nantarchya delabilization 'madhye dekhil hoto. moolatah ughade asalelya shabdanshanmadhye lahan shabdansh qamee kele gele aanee jarr teey uchcharit kele gele tarr teey lamb dekhil kele gele.
upavibhag.
tanavavar avalambun asalele swar badal soochit karatat qee baybalmadhil ibri lokanpramane tanav bahudha antim hota. lamb swar bahudha keval khulya aksharanmadhye aale asavet.
vyakaran.
semitic bhashansathi vaishishtyapurn aahe, finician shabd sahasa vyanjan mulanchya bhovati tayar kele jaatat aanee swaratil badal aakarshastriy bhed vyakt karnyasathi mothya pramanat vaparale jaatat. tathapi, bahutek semitic bhashanchya vipareet, phoenicianne proto-afro-aeshiyatikmadhye disanari asankhya eksanyojit aanee dwasanyatmak mule jatan kelee (kinwa, bahudha, punha sadar kelee): kriyapadanchi tulana qaraa '′' ′ 'viruddha arabi' ′ '′' ′ '′' ′ '′' ′ '′' ′ '′' ′ '′' ′ '′' ′ '′' ′ '′' ′ '′' ′ '′' ′ '′' ′ '′' ′ '′' ′ " ′ " ′ " ′ " ′ " ′ " ′ " ′ " ′ " ′ " ′ " ′ " ′ '′' '′' ′ '′' ′ '′' ′ '′' ′ '′' ′ '′' ′ '′' ′ '′' ′ '′' ′ 
nammatra aakarvidnyan.
sandnya ling (purush aanee strilingi), sankhya (ekvachan, bahuvachan aanee duheriche avashesh) aanee sthitee (paripoorn aanee rachana, nantarche sandnya aahet jeey tyanchya dharkanni anusaran kele aahet) yasathi chinhankit kelya aahet aanee tyanchi shreni nishchitata dekhil aahe. proto-semitic janukeey vyakaran prakaranachya avasheshansathi dekhil kahee purave aahet. anek shevat manak varnalekhanat ekatra yet asatana, lattin aanee greek varnamalanmadhil shilalekh sandnya samaptichya punarbandhanila parvanagi detat, jeey visheshan shevat dekhil aahet, khalilpramaneh
pyunikchya uttaradhat, strilingicha antim bhag varvar pahata vagalanyat aalah 'ranicha mulga' kinwa 'ranicha bhau' lattinmadhye himilco mhanoon anuvadit keela gela. khaleel vyanjananmadhye dekhil aatmasat kele geleh eae.jee. purvichya varshasathi 'varsh'.
sarvasadharanpane prakaranancha shevat ii. sha. puu. puu aanee ii. sha. puu. puu shatkadarmyan haravala asavah akadiyanmadhye maan-tee-nuu-baa-aii-lii "balchi bhet" mhanoon prastut kelele vaiyaktik naav, prakaran-yuu aanee-aay saha, done shatkannantar maa-taa-aine-baa-all (sambhavya phoenician spelling * ÂÂÂÂÂÂÂÂÂÂÂÂ) lihile gele. tathapi, pratham-ekeri swatvabodhak pratyayh '/abiya/' majhya vadilanche 'viruddha'/abii/'majhe vadil' chya swarupat aanuvanshik prakaran rakhoon thevanyache purave sapadale aahet. jarr heey kharey asel tarr heey soochit karoo shakate qee prakarane ajunahi itar rupanmadhye kahee pramanat vegali hotee.
vaiyaktik sarvanamanche likhit swaroop aanee punarnirmit uchchar khalilpramane aaheth
ekvachanah <bii. aar.>
<br> '(punic kadhikadhi'),// <br mhanoon dekhil pramanit>
dusra mask. //<br>
dusari stree. //<br>
tisra mask. //', [] dekhil (?) 'aanee//' <br>
tisari stree. /// 
bahuvachanah <br>
<br>// <br>
dusra mask. /// <br>
dusari stree. apramanit, kadachit//>
tisra mask. aanee strilingi// strilingi/strilingi/strilingi/strilingi/strilingi/strilingi/strilingi/strilingi/strilingi/strilingi/strilingi/strilingi/strilingi/strilingi/strilingi/strilingi/strilingi/strilingi/strilingi/strilingi/strilingi/strilingi/strilingi/strilingi/strilingi/strilingi/strilingi/strilingi/strilingi/strilingi/strilingi/strilingi/strilingi/strilingi/strilingi/strilingi/strilingi/strilingi/strilingi/strilingi/strilingi/strilingi/strilingi/strilingi/strilingi/strilingi/strilingi/strilingi/strilingi/strilingi/strilingi/strilingi/strilingi/strilingi/strilingi/strilingi/strilingi/strilingi/strilingi/strilingi>
manak phoenician' sathee (pramukh boolii, biablian aanee shevatchya punic prakaranpeksha vegali) khalee darshavilyapramane, pariveshtit vaiyaktik sarvanam sandnya (malki encode karnyasathi) aanee purvpadanmadhye jodale gele. teey bahuvachan-swarupachya purushavachak sandnyanche anusaran karatat qee nahee yavar avalambun teey thode vegale swarupat disatat (aanee mhanoon swaranantar jodale jaatat). pahila aaa yaa sankshipt rupasah kansat deela aahe.vhee.
ekvachanah <bii. aar.>
1:// ', tasech' (aaa.vhee. //) <bii. aar.>
dusra mask. //<br>
dusari stree. //<br>
tisra mask. //', punic, (aaa.vhee. //') <bii. aar.>
tisari stree. //', punic (aaa.vhee. //')
bahuvachanah <br>
<br> <br>
dusra mask. //<br>
dusari stree. apramanit, kadachit//>
tisra mask. //'(aaa.vhee. //') <br>
tisari stree. //'(aaa.vhee. //')
yavyatirikt, kahee sanshodhananusar, swarannantar pramanit kelelya pariveshtanache tech likhit prakar dekhil ekvachan sandnyenantar aadhaltat, jeey aanuvanshik prakaran asave (jeey sampale, tarr bahuvachan aavrutti sampali). tyanantar tyanchya uchcharala kahise vegale kele jaau shakateh pratham-vyakti ekvachan// ', truteey-vyakti ekvachan purush aanee strilingi//' aanee// '. truteey-vyakti bahuvachan ekvachan aanee strilingi donhi prakarananmadhye samaan uchcharale asavet, i.eae. //'aanee//'.
hii antahkshetriy rupe bolibhashannusar badaltat. pracheen biablian bolimadhye, truteey vyaktiche prakar purush ekvachanasathi (aaa.) etch aanee doubleu// aahet.vhee. strilingi ekvachanasathi 'doubleu//', 'etch//' aanee purushalingi bahuvachanasathi 'etch. emm.//'. pyunikchya uttaradhat, tisare purush ekvachan sahasa// ′ asate.
thet vastoo darshavinyasathi samaan pariveshtit sarvanam dekhil kriyapadanshi jodalele asatat. tyaa karyat, tyanchyapaiki kahinchi thodi bhinn rupe aaheth pratham ekvachan// aanee bahudha pratham bahuvachan//.
manak finicianmadhye, ekvachanasathi zed [jha] aanee bahuvachanasathi zed [γilːa] asey jawalpasache pratyakshik sarvanam ("heey") lihile jaatat. cypriot phoenician zed [zhai] aivaji zed '[amizːa] pradarshit karato. biablian ajunahi ekvachanat, eka purush '[zaan]/' [jhaa] aanee strilingi '[zuft]/' [zu] vegale karato. punicmadhye dekhil anek bhinnata aahet, jyat ekvachanatil donhi lingansathi 'st' [suat] aanee 'zutt' [zuat] yancha samavesh aahe. durgami pratyakshik sarvanam ("teey") swatantra truteey-vyakti sarvanamansarkhech aahet. prashnavachak sarvanam kinwa kadachit 'kona' aanee 'kaay' aahet. anishchit sarvanam mhanje 'kahihi' asey lihile jaate, 'mnm' (bahudha uchchar [minampha], akadian [minampha] sarkhe) aanee 'mnk' (bahudha uchchar [mimunukafa]). sapeksh sarvanam eka '[chhee]' aahe, jyachya nantar ektar swar asato kinwa tyapurvi swar asato.
nishchit lekh hota aanee pudhil shabdacha pahila vyanjan duppat karnyat aala. teey 'etch' asey lihile gele hote parantu nantarchya punicmadhye dekhil 'aanee' asey lihile gele kaaran gutturalsche kamkuvat hone aanee eksandh hone. baybalmadhil ibripramanech, lekhacha prarambhik vyanjan bii-, ell-aanee keey-yaa purvpadannantar vagalala jaato; too itar vividh kann aanee karya shabdannantar dekhil haravala jaau shakato, jase qee thet object marker doubleu-aanee sanyojan doubleu-aanee.
1 teey 10 yaa mukhya ankanpaiki 1 heey eka visheshan aahe, 2 heey aupcharikpane duherimadhil eka sandnya aahe aanee urvarit ekvachanatil sandnya aahet. teey serve ling vegale karatatah ',', ',', ',', ',', ',', ',', ',', ',', ',', ',', ',', ',', ',', ',', ',', ',', ',', ',', ',', ',', ',', ',', ',', ',', ',', ',', ',', ',', ',', ',', ',', ',', ',', ',', ',', ',', ',', ',', ',', ',', ',', ',', ',', ',', ',', ',', ',', ',', ',', ',', ',', ',', ',', ',', ',', ',', ',', ',', ',', ',', ',', ',',  daha heey rupshastriyadrushtya purushatvachya drushtine bahuvachan aaheth ',', ',', ',', ',', ',', ','. "ekashe" mhanje 'donashe', tarr urvarit 'teenshe' madhye tayar hotat. eka hazar mhanje '. kramik sankhya '* iy' chya jodanidware tayar hotat. sammishra anke doubleu-"aanee", eae "neey tayar hotat.jee. baaraa" sathee.
maukhik aakarvidnyan.
kriyapad vyakti, sankhya, ling, kaal aanee manahsthitisathi pratibimbit hote. itar semitic bhashanpramanech, phoenician kriyapadanmadhye bhinn "shabdik namune" kinwa "gathee" asatat, jeey krutichi paddhat, sankramansheelata aanee aavajachi patali vyakt karatat.
paripoorn kinwa pratyay-sanyog, joou bhootkal vyakt karato, tyache udaharan khalee mool 'too duu' (eka 'tatasth', jee-stame) saha dile aahe.
ekerih 
bahuvachanah 
apoorn kinwa upsarg-sanyog, jeey vartaman aanee bhavishyatil kaal vyakt karate (aanee jeey ichcha vyakt vyakt proto-semitic juicivechya vanshajapasun vegale karata yet nahee), tyache udaharan khalee punha mool pii-ell saha dile aahe.
bahuvachanah
anivarya shevat bahudha, aanee aanee vyaktisathi ekvachan purush, aanee vyaktisathi ekvachan strilingi aanee aanee vyaktisathi bahuvachan purushalingi, parantu tinhi prakar varnalekhanat// ÂÂÂÂ ':' mhanoon prushthbhagavar aahet. june semitic juicive, jeey moolatah upsarg sanyugmanapeksha thode vegale hote, sadhyachya detasah finicianmadhye tyapasoon vegale karane aata shakya nahee.
anant rachana, anant nirpeksh aanee sakriy aanee nishkriy sahbhag hii anant nasaleli rupe aahet. jee-stemmadhye, anant rachana sahasa 'l-to' yaa purvpadasah jodali jaate, jase qee 'karane'; yaulat, anant nirpeksh '(paol) bahutek tyach moolasah tyanantarchya maryadit kriyapadacha arth balkat karnyasathi vaparale jaateh' tumhi kharokhar ughada!", tyanusar/" tumhi kharokharach karal!".
jee-stemmadhye sahbhaginche khaleel prakar hoteh 
vareel haravalelya swarupancha andaj proto-vayavya semitic purvajanche prakar aanee pramanit phoenician samkakshanmadhil patravyavaharavarun lavala jaau shakatoh pii. aine. doubleu. ess. sahbhagi prakar * aahet.
vyutpann khod pudhilpramane aaheth
bahutek dethanmadhye apratyaksh aanee prativartak pratirupadekheel hote, pahila swarandware vegala hota, dusra dekhil infix-tii-dware. jee stame nishkriy mhanoon pramanit kele jaate, tii-stemchi punarbandhani kelee jaau shakate, aanee teasy/yipta/yipta/(dt).
purvasthiti aanee kann.
kahee purvpadake nehmi sandnyanshi jodali jaatat, jarr astitvat asateel tarr nishchit lekhacha prarambhik bhag kadhoon taktatah jase qee 'b-' in ',' l-'to', for ',' k-'as' aanee 'm-//' from '. teey kadhikadhi 'aine' kinwa 'tii' chya jodanidware vistarit swarupat aadhaltat. itar purvpadaresha asha nasatatah 'varr'.toparyant", "nantar", "khalee", "darmyan". naveen purvpadanchi rachana sandnyansah kelee jaateh 'l-' pasoon 'teey' aanee 'pn' pasoon 'samore'. eka nishchit vastuche vishesh purvanirdharit chinhak aahe.), jeey, ibrichya vipareet, āt (//) yaa purvpadapeksha spashtapane vegale aahe.
sarvat samanya nakaratmak chinhak mhanje kriyapadanna nakar denare, parantu kadhikadhi sandnya dekhil; dusare mhanje kriyapadache astitva aanee nishedh yaa donhi goshti vyakt karnare. nakaratmak aadesh kinwa pratibandh heey '(//)' asey vyakt kele jaatat. "asey houu naye" heey " aahe. kahee samanya sanyog mhanje '(moolatah kadachit//, parantu nishchitpane// ushira punicmadhye)' aanee " (), 'kevha' aanee '()', 'teey; kaaran; kevha'. eka sanyog dekhil hota ("dekhil". (//) (kvachitach) ichchit rachana sadar karnyasathi vaparale jaau shakate ("too x karoo shakato!"). shabdprayog dekhil sadar karata yeu shakatat. purvasthiti aanee sanyog donhi sanyuge tayar karoo shakatat.
vakyarachana.
mool shabd kram haah kriyapad-vishay-vishay aahe. vartmankalat 'asane' heey konatehi kriyapad nahee; jyaa kalmanmadhye kopula vaparla asata, tyamadhye vishay vidheyapeksha aadhi yeu shakato. visheshan aanee dharak yasarkhya tyanchya badalkanchya aadhi sandnya asatat.
shabdasangrah aanee shabd nirmiti.
bahutek sandnya vyanjan mule aanee gayan namunyanchya sanyogane tayar hotat, parantu tyaa upsargansah (′, kriya kinwa tyanche parinam vyakt karane, aanee kvachitach ′) aanee pratyayansah dekhil tayar kelya jaau shakatat. amoort shabd ′-t (bahudha,) pratyayasah tayar kele jaau shakatat. parichit semitic nisba pratyay ′y′′′′ (eae.) nantar visheshan tayar kele jaau shakatat.jee. shdani "sidonian").
vyakaranapramanech, shabdasangrah baybalsambandhi ibrichya agadi jawal aahe, parantu kahee vaishishthye laksh vedhoon ghetat. udaharanarth, 'asane' heey kopula kriyapad aahe (arabi bhashet, hibru aanee arami heha hichya viruddha) aanee 'karane' heey kriyapad aahe (arabi bhashet, hibru bhashet, jaree hibru bhashet, 'krutee karane' haah samaan arth asala taree, arabi bhashet, hebru esha 'shachya viruddha, arami bhashet, hebru esha' haha 'aanee arabi bhashet, hebru esha' haha 'chya viruddha,' karane 'haah samaan arth aahe).
pyunikche astitva aanee prabhav.
karthejchya tyrean finician vasahatit bolalya bolalya bhasheche nantarche lakshaniy bhinn swaroop punic mhanoon olakhale jaate aanee finicianne finiciamadhye kelelya bhashepeksha barach kaal tethe vaparale gele aanee hippochya kalatil augusteenparyant tikoon rahile. tyachya sampoorn astitvadarmyan, punic heey burber bhashansah saha-astitvat hote, jyaa tyaa velee tunicia (carthages) aanee uttar aafrikechya mool bhasha hotya. ekhadya chhotyasha nirjan bhagat magharebvar muslimanchya vijayanantar punic tikoon rahile asave ashee shakyata aaheh bhoogolshastradnya all-bakhari grameen ifricia yetheel sirte shaharat, jyaa pradeshat bolalya bolalya pyunikcha likhit vapar khoop aadhipasoon tikala hota, asha burb, lattin kinwa coptic nasalelya bhashet bhashet lokanche varnan karato. tathapi, ashee shakyata aahe qee, vijetyanchya bhashepramanech (donhi semitic bhasha aahet) ekach gatashi sambandhit asalelya tyanchya bhashemule aanee asha prakare anek vyakaran aanee shabdik samanata asalyamule, shleshshastrache arabikaran sulabh jhaale.
tuaaregsarkhya aadhunik berber gatandware ajunahi aniyamit vaparat asaleli pracheen libico-berber varnamala tiffinagh yaa mool navane olakhali jaate, jee bahudha "punic" yaa navachya sandnyeche vyutpann roop aahe. tarihi, done lekhan paddhati khoop bhinn asalyamule phoenician-punic lipitoon thet vyutpattivar vadavivad keela jaato aanee tee prasthapit jhaleli nahee. bhashecha (lipicha nahee) vichar karata, aadhunik burber bolibhashanmadhye pyunikmadhun kahee udhari aadhaltatah punic 'gedder' madheel 'aagadir' hii eka manoranjak udaharan aahe.
punic prabhavache kadachit sarvat manoranjak udaharan mhanje hyspania naav (portugal aanee spaincha samavesh asalela iberian dweepkalp), jeey eka siddhantanusar, punic "aay-shafan" mhanje "hierexcha kinara" yavarun ghetale gele aahe, jeey finician sanshodhakanni tyachya asankhya sassa hierex mhanoon chukichi olakh karoon dilee aahe. aanakhi eka prakaran mhanje ginichya aakhatat sapadalelya navikala navikala shatru "kesanchya lokanchya" jamatiche naav. hanno yaa navikanchya dubhashyanni tyaa lokanna dilele naav pyunikmadhun greekmadhye 'gorillai' mhanoon prasarit kele gele aanee teey 1847 madhye thomas ess. yanni lagoo kele. paschim gorillasathi kroor.
jiwant udaharane.
phoenician, punics, pramukhyane sumare 10,000 jiwant shilalekhanmadhun olakhale jaate, jeey itar bhashanmadhye lihilelya pustakanmadhil adhunmadhun prakashne puravatat. tyanchya anek shilalekhanvyatirikt, finiciansani itar anek prakarche likhit srot sodale aahet asey manale jaate, parantu bahutek jiwant rahile naheet.
salstsarkhe roman lekhak, punic bhashet lihilelya kahee pustakancha sandarbh detat, parantu adhunmadhun anuvad (udaa.jee., magocha grunth) kinwa chhotya tukadyanmadhye (udaa.jee., plotschya natkanmadhye). 1694 madhye maltamadhye sapadalela pracheen greek aanee karthejiniyanmadhil dvibhashik shilalekh, melcartcha sippy haah, 1758 madhye french vidwan jeane-jacks barthlemy yanna varnamala samajoon ghenyachi aanee punarbandhani karanyachi mubha denara kanaa hota. 1837 chya uttaradhat dekhil keval 70 phoenician shilalekh vidvananna maheet hote. wilheim geseniuschya 'scriptura lingweak phoenicia monumenta' madhye heey sankalit kele gele hote, jyat tyaa kalatil vidvananna finicianbaddal jeey kahee mahit hote teey serve samavisht hote.
finicianche kahee pramukh jiwant shilalekh pudhilpramane aaheth
ii. sha. puu. 500 chya aaspaschya etruscan aanee finician yaa donhi bhashanmadhil shilalekh asalelya dvibhashik falakancha shodh 1964 madhye lagla, tyamule adhik purnapane samajalya gelelya finicianchya tulanet adhik etruscancha arth lavala gela aahe.

