aakasmik (sangeet)

sangeetat, apghati mhanje svarvrundachi (kinwa svarvruttachi) eka nond jee sarvat alikade lagoo kelelya killi swaksharidware darshavilelya scale kinwa modacha sadasya nahee. sangeet sanketankamadhye, tikshna (), sapat () aanee naisargik () chinhe, itarambarobarach, asha swaranna chinhankit karatat-aanee tyaa chinhanna aakasmik dekhil mhanatat. kahee prakarchya sangeet shailimadhye, ardha tikshna tasech ardha sapat dekhil asato, jyala kadhikadhi chaturthansh swar dekhil mhanatat. (coron pahaa.)
jyaa mojamapamadhye (patti) teey disate, tithe apghati chinh tyachya samanya swarpattitun lagech pudhil swar (aanee pattimadhye tyachi punaravrutti) vadhavate kinwa qamee karate, jyamule mukhya swaksharivar adhirajya asate. eka swar sahasa ardhadhvanidvare varr uchalala kinwa khalee utaravala jaato aanee tyat duheri tikshna kinwa sapat asatat, jeey darshavilelya swarala done ardhadhvanine varr kinwa khalee aanatat. apghat heey sahasa teey jyaa mojamapat disatat tyaa serve punaravruttinna lagoo hotat, joparyant teey hexacordpasoon apghati chinhane radd kele jaat nahee kinwa pudhil mojamapashi jodalele nasate. jarr ekhadya swarat apghati asel aanee tyach mojamapachya aat vegalya saptakamadhye swar punaravrutti kelee gelee tarr sahasa apghati punaravrutti hote, jaree hii parampara sarvatrik nahee.
aadhunik apghati chinhe gregorian mantra hastalikhitanmadhye buub chya done swaranna soochit karnyasathi vaparlya jaanarya lahan aksharanchya 'buub' chya done prakaranmadhun udbhavtat, jee badalali jaau shakanari ekmev nond aahe. goal" "buub" "heey sapat chinh banale, tarr" "varg" "buub" heey tikshna aanee naisargik chinhanmadhye vegale jhaale.
kadhikadhi sangeet kalfalkavaril kalya killila 'aakasmik' (adhik samanyatah 'tikshna') aanee aanee killila 'naisargik' mhanatat.
apghatancha manak vapar.
vishisht pranali.
bahutek prakarananmadhye, tikshna swar eka swarala eka ardhadhvani vadhavato tarr sapat swar tyala eka ardhadhvani qamee karato. sapat kinwa tikshna prabhav radd karnyasathi naisargik vaparale jaate. apaghatanchi hii pranali mukhya swaksharichya sanyogane karya karate, jyacha prabhav sampoorn tukadyat chaloo rahato, joparyant hexacordpasoon mukhya swaksharidware radd hott nahee. apghaticha vapar mageel apghati radd karnyasathi kinwa mukhya swakshariche sadnika kinwa tikshna punarsthapit karnyasathi dekhil keela jaau shakato.
apghat heey tyach karmchari sthanavaril tyanantarchya notanvar lagoo hotat, urvarit mojamapasathi jethe teey udbhavtat, joparyant teey hexacordpasoon apghati paddhatine spashtapane badalat naheet. ekada barline paar jhalyavar, apghati parinam sampato, apavad mhanoon jevha apaghatipane prabhavit jhaleli note tyach notashi barlinever bandhali jaate. hexacordpasoon kinwa nantarchya pattyanmadhil tyach karmchari sthanavaril tyanantarchya notanvar bandhalelya notes apghati chalavalelya notancha parinam hott nahee. 
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yaa pranaliantargat, vareel udaharanatil nondi pudhilpramane aaheth 
jaree hii parampara ajunahi visheshtah swarsangitat vaparali jaat asali taree, varanvar apghat apghat sangeetat tee avghad asoo shakate, jase qee anekada atonal sangeetat hote. parinami, baar nondavanyasathi aavashyak asalelya apaghatanchi sankhya qamee karnyachya uddeshane, note-phaur-note apaghatanchi paryayi pranali sweekarli gelee aahe. kurt stonenussar, pranali khalilpramane aaheh
kaaran rangeet summ-svabhavachya scalechya baaraa swaranpaiki saat heey naisargik aahet (piano keyboardvaril keyboardvaril swar", aaa; buub; see; dii; eae; eff; aanee jee) hii pranali soochit margat aavashyak asalelya naisargik swaranchi sankhya lakshaniyaritya qamee karoo shakate.
kadhikadhi, apghati swar haah ardhadhvanipeksha jaast badaloo shakatoh udaharanarth, jarr eka jeeche samaan mojmap eka jee neey kele tarr nantarchya swaravareel sapat chinh mhanje jarr konatahi apghati swar astitvat nasel tarr tyaa done ardhadhvani qamee aahet. tyamule, notchya karmchari sthitichya 'naisargik' arthachya sandarbhat apghati parinam samajoon ghene aavashyak aahe. 
kahee etanal skoarmadhye (visheshtah hexacordpasoon viennie shalechya sangitkarandware), naisargik swar aanee punaravrutti kelelya swaransah pratyek swaravar apghati chinhankit kele jaate. hii pranali "yaa vishisht bauddhik karanasathi sweekarli gelee hotee qee apghati asaleli note hii keval naisargik notechi eka vikrut aavrutti navhati tarr samaan darjachi eka swarmel hotee."
duheri apghat.
duheri apghatanni notechi swarsankhya done ardhadhvanine vadhavali kinwa qamee kelee, eka navkalpana 1615 salapasoon vikasit jhaali. heey lekhee notala lagoo hote, qee swaksharikade durlaksh karoon. duheri tikshna lavalelya efne tyala eka sampoorn payari vadhavali aahe jenekarun teey eka jeechya samatulya aahe. 
duheri tikshna (kinwa sapat) asalelya notechya nantar ekach aakarachya tikshna (kinwa sapat) asalelya notecha vapar kassa karava yavar badal hoto. kahee prakashne nantarchya swarasathi fakt ekach apghati shabd vapartat, tarr itar prakashne naisargik aanee tikshna (khalee darshavilelya) chey sanyojan vapartat, jyamadhye naisargik shabd keval hexacordpasoon tikshna shabdala lagoo hoto.
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</guna>
vishisht killi swaksharichya sandarbhat duheri apghati, tikshna kinwa sapat asalelya nota ardhadhvanine vadhavtat kinwa qamee karatat. udaharanarth, jevha see minor kinwa eae mejarchya killimadhye, eff, see, jee aanee dii madhye tikshna asate. yaa prakaranat eff madhye duheri apghati (duheri tikshna) jodalyane eff aanakhi eka ardhadhvanine vadhato, jyamule jee naisargik tayar hoto. yaulat, mukhya swaksharimadhye tikshna kinwa sapat nasalelya itar konatyahi notmadhye duheri tikshna jodalyane varnasankar pramananusar note done ardhadhvanine vadhate. udaharanarth, vareel pramukh swaksharimadhye, eff, see, jee aanee dii nasaleli konatihi note ekaeivaji done ardhadhvanine varr uchalali jaate, mhanoon duheri tikshna note bii naturalchya samatulya swarmelasathi natural vadhavate.
saujanyapurn apghat.
aadhunik gunanmadhye, bandhalelya nota vagalata, barline apghati radd karate. "shishtachar apghat", jyala "savadhgiriche apghat" kinwa "smaranpatra apghat" asehi mhanatat, teey sangitkarala yogya swarmelyachi aathvan karoon denyasathi vaparale jaatat, jarr teech swar pudhil upayanmadhye aadhalali tarr. kahee paristhitinmadhye jaree teey prachalit asale taree, saujanyapurnapane apghatane (kadhikadhi kansat sanlagn) lagoo karnyache niyam prakashkanmadhye badaltat.
vinamulya jaz sangeet aanee kahee atonel sangitache prakashak kadhikadhi serve saujanyapurn apghat talhtat.
microtonal sanketan.
microtonal sangitachya sangitkaranni manak sanketankabaheril vividh swarmelyanna soochit karnyasathi anek sanketank vikasit kele aahet. check alois haba aanee itar sangitkaranni vaparlelya chaturthansh swaranchya sanketankasathi ashee eka pranali darshavili aahe.
aahe aanee aanee shatkachya suruvatila, jevha turkey sangitkaranni tyanchya paramparik sanketan pranalinmadhun-jee karmchari-aadharit navhati-european karmchari-aadharit pranalikade valale, tevha tyanni european aakasmik pranalila parishkrut kele jenekarun teey turkey scaleche varnan karoo shaktil jeey tempered semitonpeksha lahan antar vapartat. asha anek pranali aahet, jyaa tyanni gruheet dharalelya saptakache vibhajan kase karatat kinwa aakasmikanchya chitramay aakaranusar badaltat. sarvat vyapakpane vaparali jaanari pranali (rauf yekta beey yanni tayar keleli) chaar sharp (andaje + 25 seent, + 75 seent, + 125 seent aanee + 175 seent) aanee chaar flat (andaje-25 seent,-75 seent,-125 seent aanee-175 seent) chee pranali vaparte, jyapaiki konatihi tempered sharp aanee sapatshi sambandhit nahee. pythagorean alpaviram (tempered tonecha sumare aathva bhag, pratyakshat 24 sentchya jawal, saat octave aanee 12 just-swar pachmadhil farak mhanoon paribhashit) haah moolbhut madhyantar mhanoon ghetalele pythagorean vibhajan teey gruheet dharatat. kahee arab sangitkarannihi turkey paddhati swikarlya aahet.
baine johnstonne keval swaratil tukadyansathi sanketachi eka pranali tayar kelee jithe chinhashivay asalelya see, eff aanee jee pramukh swarmel heey fakt pramukh swarmel asatat (4:5:6) aanee apghatane itar killimadhye fakt tuning tayar hote. 2000 aanee 2003 chya darmyan, wolfgang vonn schweinitz aanee marqa sabat yanni vistarit helmholtz-ellis just intonation (jee) pitch notation vikasit kele, jeey herman vonn helmholtz, arther vonn ottingen aanee alekzandar johnn ellis yanni pratham vaparlelya notation tattvanche aadhunik rupantar aanee vistar aahe, jeey kahee itar sangitkar vistarit fakt swarasathi vapartat.
apghatanchya sanketancha itihas.
swarala swarpattit varr uchalave qee khalee aanave heey darshavinari teen pramukh chinhe 'buub' yaa lahan aksharachya badalanmadhun ghetali jaatatah 'buub' vargatil tikshna () aanee naisargik () chinhe aanee 'buub' chakrakaratil sapat chinh ().
vividh prakarche buub akheris vegalya paddhatine lihile gele, jenekarun tyanna sangeet siddhant grunth aanee sanketankamadhye vegale karata yeil. sapat chinh heey golakar 'buub' pasoon aale aahe jeey mauu shatkon, 'shatkon moll', visheshtah buub chee upasthiti darshavate. frenchmadhye sapat chinhache naav madhyayugeen french 'beey moll' pasoon 'bemol' aahe, jeey aadhunik frenchmadhye 'beey mau' ('soft bii') aahe. naisargik chinh aanee tikshna chinh heey 'buub' yaa vargatil badalanmadhun prapt hote, jeey 'hexacordum durum' yaa katheen hexacordla soochit karate, jithe vicharadhin note 'buub' aahe. frenchmadhil naisargik chinhache naav madhyayugeen french 'beey kwar' pasoon 'bekare' aahe, jeey aadhunik frenchmadhye 'beey carrey' ('varg bii') aahe. german sangeet sanketanmadhye, 'buub' kinwa 'buub' heey akshar nehmich 'buub' laa soochit karate tarr 'etch' kinwa 'etch' heey akshar-'buub' yaa vargatil vikrutee-heey 'buub' laa soochit karate.
uchch madhyayugat, eka vyapak sangeet parampara aarezochya margdarshakadvare paribhashit kelelya hexacord pranalivar aadharit hotee. musica recta' navachya moolbhut pranalimadhye teen parasparvirodhi shatkon hote. eka shatkonatun hexacordpasoon shatkonamadhye badal shakya hota, jyala 'utparivartan' mhanatat. yaa pranalichi eka mothee samasya ashee hotee qee eka hexacordpasoon hexacordpasoon hexacordmadhye honare utparivartan, tyaa kalatil sangitkaranna avanchhit avanchhit tritonsarkhe antar aanoo shakate. visangati talhanyasathi, 12 vya shatkachya uttaradhapasun sangeet-eka kalpanik ashee pratha udayas aalee. yamule shatkonachya swaranmadhye badal kele gele, jenekarun anshatah visangati talhanyasathi 'khotya' kinwa 'khotya' swar gayalya jaau shaktil. suruvatila fakt b sapat kele jaau shakate, jethe b naisargik aahe tyaa "hexacordum durum" ("haard hexacord") g-a-b-c-d-e pasoon, jethe too sapat aahe tyaa "hexacordum moll" ("soft hexacord") f-g-a-b-c-d kadey halavale jaau shakate. bii hii nond nond shatkon 'hexacordum natural' ('natural hexacord') see-dii-eae-eff-jee-aii madhye nahee.
madhyayugeen chinhe katekorpane sangtana aanee heey soochit kele qee raag eka (kalpanik) 'shatkotachya' aat pudhe jaat aahe, jyapaiki swakshari keleli swar anukrame 'mea' kinwa 'phaa' aahe. yacha arth teey swatah hii eka apghati note asalyache soochit karnyaivaji, chinhankit notchya "sabhovatalachya" notanchya samoohacha sandarbh detat. udaharanarth, jevha f aanee g darmyancha ardh-swar sambandh darshavila jaato, ektar f varr mi-chinh () kinwa g varr f-chinh () thevun, aadhunik shabdat yacha arth, f-g kinwa f-g, kinwa agadi f-g dekhil aahe qaa heey keval sandarbhach tharvu shakato. ektar eff varr mi-sine kinwa jee varr fa-sine vaparnyacha arth fakt assa aahe qee "kahee prakarche eff kahee prakarchya jee kadey jaate, semitondware pudhe jaate".
bahupatni adhik guntaguntichi hott asatana, avanchhit swarmel kinwa madhur antar talhanyasathi buub vyatirikt itar tippanyanmadhye badal aavashyak hote (visheshtah sanvardhit chautha kinwa tritone, jyala sangeet siddhant lekhakanni "sangitatil diabolus" mhanoon sambodhale, mhanje.eae., "sangitatil saitan"). aajkal asha konatyahi apramanit apghatache varnan karnyasathi 'kalpanik' shabd shithilpane vaparla jaato. soochit badalanmadhye ekapeksha jaast upay asoo shakatat, parantu kahivela ichchit swaramudrika lute tablettersmadhye aadhalu shakatat jithe eka chinta nirdisht kelee jaate. 
eka upayadvare apghati astitvat rahanyache praman 18 vya shatkat haloohaloo vikasit jhaale. tyapurvi, apghat keval lagech punaravrutti punaravrutti swaranvar kinwa chhotya gatanvar lagoo hott asey jevha sangitkarala asey vatale qee apghat chaloo rahila pahije. 18 vya shatkaparyant, visheshtah johann sebastian baach yaa anek sangitkaranni, hii junie pratha changlya prakare vaparali. naveen adhiveshan 19 vya shatkachya suruvatiparyant samanya chalan sadhya karoo shakale nahee.

