
swastik

swastik heey eka pracheen dharmik aanee sanskrutik prateek aahe, pramukhyane vividh eurasian, tasech kahee african aanee american sanskratinmadhye, jeey aata nazi paksh aanee nava-nazinni tyachya viniyogasathi mothya pramanat olakhale jaate. hindu, bauddha aanee jaine dharmasah bharatiy dharmanmadhye devatva aanee adhyatmache prateek mhanoon tyacha vapar keela jaat aahe. teey samanyatah eka crossche roop ghete, jyache bahoo samaan lambiche aanee shejarchya bahunna lumb asatat, pratyek bajoo samkonavar madhyabhagi vakaleli asate.
swastik' haah shabd 'kalyanasathi anukool' assa arth asalelya shabdavarun aala aahe. hindu dharmat, ujavikade disanare chinh (ghadyalachya dishene) () heey ('surya'), samruddhi aanee nasheeb darshavinare prateek aahe, tarr davikade disanare chinh (ghadyalachya ulat dishene) () heey ratriche kinwa tantrik pailunche prateek aahe. jaine pratikvadamadhye, teey 24 tirthankaranpaiki (aadhyatmik shikshak aanee tarankarte) satve, mhanjech suparshwanath yanche pratinidhitva karate, tarr bauddha pratikvadamadhye teey buddhachya shubh pavalanche pratinidhitva karate. anek pramukh indo-european dharmanmadhye, swastik heey vijechya pattyanche prateek aahe, jeey meghagarjanacha dev aanee devanchya rajache pratinidhitva karate, jase qee vaidik hindu dharmat indra, pracheen greek dharmat zius, pracheen roman dharmat jupiter aanee pracheen german dharmat thore. heey prateek sindhu khoyatil sanskruti aanee samra yetheel puratatva avasheshanmadhye tasech byzantine aanee khrishchan kalakrutinmadhye aadhalate.
jaree agadi ujavya vicharsaranichya roman rajkarani aaa. yanni prathamach vaparale. see. pahilya mahayuddhapurvi aantarrashtriy yahudivirodhiteche prateek mhanoon kuza heey 1930 chya dashkaparyant bahutek pashchatya jagasathi shubhateche aanee nashibache prateek hote, jevha german nazi pakshane swastik heey aary vanshache prateek mhanoon sweekarle. dusare mahayuddha aanee holocostcha parinam mhanoon, pashchimemadhye too nazivad, yahudivirodhi, pandhya varchasvavad kinwa fakt white goshtinshi drudhpane sambandhit aahe. parinami, germanys kahee deshanmadhye tyacha vapar kayadyane pratibandhit aahe. tathapi, nepal, bharat, thayaland, mangolia, srilanka, chean aanee japan yasarkhya hindu, bauddha aanee jaine deshanmadhye aanee nairutya americetil navajo lokansarkhya kahee lokanmadhye swastik heey nasheeb aanee samruddhiche prateek aahe. hindu vivah samarambh aanee diwali utsavanmadhyehi yacha vapar keela jaato.
vyutpatti aanee namkaran.
bharatiy upkhandat 'swastik' haah shabd ii. sha. puu. 500 pasoon vaparla jaat aahe. haah shabd pratham pracheen bhashashastradnya panini yanni tyanchya 'ashtadhyayi' yaa granthat nondavala hota. samkalin granthanmadhye yala paryayipane 'swastik' asey mhatale jaate aanee 19vya aanee 20vya shatkachya suruvatila 'swastik' sarkhya itar jodanya adhunmadhun vaparlya jaat asat. heey sanskrut shabd (devnagari) pasoon aale aahe, jyache lipyantaran 'samanyatah vaparlya jaanarya aayast lipyantaran pranali antargat' asey hote, parantu jevha akshare tyanchya ingraji moolyansah vaparali jaatat tevha 'swastik' chya jawal uchcharale jaate.
1871 madhye heinrich schleman yanchya prakashananmadhye, jyane trichya itihasasathi aegean samudrakinaryajaval hisarlik tekadi khodatana swastik chinhache 1,800 hoon adhik pracheen namune aanee tyache prakar shodhale, european granthat 'swastik' yaa shabdacha eka mahattvacha prarambhik vapar karnyat aala. schleemanne tyache nishkarsh sanskratashi jodale.
swastik' haah shabd sanskrut moodatoon aala aahe, joou 'changla, changla' aanee 'aahe; aahe; aahe' yaa shabdanni banalela aahe. haah shabd vedanmadhye tasech shastriy sahityat varanvar aadhalato, jyacha arth 'aarogya, nasheeb, yash, samruddhi' assa hoto aanee too samanyatah abhivadan mhanoon vaparla jaat asey. antim haah eka samanya pratyay aahe jyache anek arth asoo shakatat. monier-williamschya matey, bahusankhya vidwan yala saur chinh manatat. heey chinh kahitari bhagyavan, bhagyavan kinwa shubh soochit karate aanee teey shubhata kinwa kalyan darshavate.
swastik yaa shabdacha sarvat aadhi dnyat vapar paninichya 'ashtadhyayi' madhye aahe, joou gayichya kanavar asalelya olakhanyachya khuna prakarachya sandarbhat sanskrut vyakaranachya niyamanpaiki eka spasht karnyasathi tyacha vapar karato. bahutek vidvattevarun asey soochit hote qee panini ii. sha. puu. 4thya shatkat kinwa tyapurvi, bahudha ii. sha. puu. 6thya kinwa 5vya shatkat rahat hotya.
19vya shatkaparyant, greek bhashetil 'gamedian' chya jaagi 'swastik' haah shabd ingraji shabdakoshat swikarla gela. 1878 madhye, ayrish vidwan charles graves yanni greek akshar gama (γ) sarkhya aakarachya bahunsah cross yaa french shabdachya samatulya mhanoon paribhashit kelyanantar, chinhasathi samanya ingraji naav mhanoon "swastik" chaa vapar keela. tyanantar thodyach velat, british puratatvashastradnya edward thomas aanee robbert sewell yanni 'swastik' hii samanya ingraji sandnya vaparoon chinhabaddalche tyanche abhyas swatantrapane prakashit kele.
ulat" swastik hii sankalpana bahudha 1852 madhye yujeen bernauf yanni european vidvananmadhye pahilyanda tayar kelee hotee aanee bernofcha hawala denanya max mularchya patravar aadharit schleman yanni "ilios" (1880) madhye tee sweekarli hotee. yujeen goblet dii 'alvela (1894) yanni' backward swastik 'yaa arthane haah shabd vaparla aaheh "bharatat tyache [gamedian] naav aahe, jevha tyache haat ujavikade vakatat aanee jevha teey dusya dishene valatat."
chinhachya itar navanmadhye heey samavisht aaheh
vividh europeey bhashanmadhye, tyala 'philphot', kinwa (anglo-norman heraldrimadhil eka sandnya); germanh; frencha; italianh; latvianah mhanoon olakhale jaate. mangolian bhashet yala () mhanatat aanee pramukhyane shikkyanmadhye vaparale jaate. chiinii bhashet tyala japani bhashet uchcharale jaanare, corian bhashet uchcharale jaanare, kinwa vhietnami bhashet uchcharale jaanare, '′ (′)' asey mhanatat. balty/tibeti bhashet yala mhanatat.
dekhava.
serve swastik heey kieral samamitivar aadharit vakalele cross asatat, parantu teey vegvegalya bhaumitik tapshilansah disatatah lahan payansah sankshipt cross mhanoon, mothya bahunsah cross mhanoon aanee akhand reshanchya namunyatil rachana mhanoon. kyrality mhanje parasparanmadhil aarshatil pratima asalelya done aavrutyanchya astitvasaha pratibimbit samamitichya anupasthitiche varnan karate. aarshatil pratima prakaranche varnan samanyatah davikade kinwa davikade (′) aanee ujavikade kinwa ujavikade (′) asey kele jaate.
sankshipt swastikakade charpat (90°) firki samamitisah kieral aniyamit icosagon (20 bajuncha bahubhuj) mhanoon pahile jaau shakate. 5 × 5 chauras jaalivar pramanbaddh assa swastik aanee tyachya payanche tutalele bhag eka unitne lahan karoon keval anuvadadvare samtal tyle karoo shakato. nazi swastikanni 5 × 5 karnakar jaali vaparali, parantu paay lahan kele naheet.
likhit patre.
swastik heey chiinii bhashet eka manak akshar mhanoon sweekarle gele, aanee tyamule chiinii lipisah itar anek purv ashiyai bhashanmadhye pravesh keela. japani bhashet yaa chinhala 'kinwa' mhanatat.
swastik done bhashanchya unicode varn sanchanmadhye samavisht aahe. chiinii gatamadhye teey u + 534d (davikade) aanee swastikasathi u + 5350 (ujavikade) aahe; nantarchya aksharanche mool bigg 5 varn sanchamadhye nakashe aahe, parantu pahilyache nahee (jaree teey bigg 5 + madhye asale taree). unicode 5 madhye, done swastik chinhe aanee done swastik tibeti gatamadhye jodale geleh swastik aanee swastik.
arth.
swastikchya european gruhitkanna bahutekda kansya yugatil dharmachya surya crossarkhya sarvasadharanpane cross chinhanchya sanyogane manale jaate. naveen pashanyugat disana vinsa lipisarkhya "proto-lekhan" chinh pranalinmadhye tyachya vishisht upasthitichya palikade.
uttar dhruv.
rene guenonchya matey, swastik uttar dhruvache pratinidhitva karate aanee kendra kinwa aparivartaniy aksh () bhovatichi firki halchal darshavate aanee dusare mhanje teey uttar dhruvache paravartit karya mhanoon suryache pratinidhitva karate. tyamule teey jivanache, vishvachya sarvoch tattvachya, mhanje vaishvik kramachya sambandhat paripoorn devachya chaitanyadayi bhoomikeche prateek aahe. heey jagachya nirmititil vishvachya tattvachya kriyakalapanche (hellenic, hindu, chiinii, 'mahan') pratinidhitva karate. guenonchya matey, tyachya dhruviy mulyatil swastikala chiinii paramparechya yinn aanee yang chinhacha aanee vishvachya karyapranalichya itar paramparik chinhancha samaan arth aahe, jyat γ (gama) aanee g hii akshare aahet, jee vishvachya mahan shilpkarache prateek aahet.
vidwan reza asasi yanchya matey, swastik heey uttar grahansheel uttar dhruvache pratinidhitva karate, jeey ζ draconissmadhye kendrit aahe, jyamadhye taramandal draco tyachya kirananpaiki eka aahe. too assa yuktivad karato qee heey prateek nantar pracheen irani sanskratit mitracha chaar ghodyancha ruth mhanoon pramanit karnyat aale. tyancha assa vishvas hota qee chaar swargiy ghode heey brahmand odhat aale hote jeey ghadyalachya dishene eka nishchit kendrabhovati firat hote. teey suchavatat qee hii kalpana nantar roman mithrezammadhe bharbharatila aalee, kaaran heey prateek methrike pratimashastra aanee khagolshastriy sadarikarananmadhye disate.
sintasht sanskratitil chinhachya kahee sarvat junya udaharanancha abhyas karnare russian puratatvashastradnya gennadi zdanovic yanchya matey, swastik heey vishvache prateek aahe, jeey α urse minorismadhye kendrit asalelya aakashiy uttar dhruvachya firatya nakshatranche pratinidhitva karate, visheshtah lahan aanee mothe dubki (kinwa ruth), kinwa ursa kirkol aanee ursa mejar. tyachpramane, rene guenonchya matey dhruv tayyabhovati firanyachya chaar tappyanmadhye mothya dipper/mothya aswalache drushya pahoon swastik kadhale jaate.
dhoomketu.
carl sagan aanee aine druyan yanni tyanchya 1985 chya 'dhoomketu' yaa pustakat assa yuktivad keela aahe qee, isavi sunpoorv 2,000 varshanpurvi chaar bajuchya shepatisah firana dhoomketuche swaroop heey junya jagachya aanee pracheen jagachya sanskratinmadhye swastik qaa aadhalate heey spasht karoo shakate. hahn rajvanshachya 'resheem pustak' (ii. sha. puu. 2raa shatak) madhye swastikasarkhe chinh asalelya asha dhoomketuche chitran kele aahe.
bobb cobress yanni 1992chya eka peparmadhye assa dawa keela aahe qee hahn-dynesty hastalikhitavaril swastikasarkhya dhoomketula pakshyachya payashi kinwa padchinhashi samya asalyamule tyala 'lamb shepaticha teetar taara' ('dixing') asey label denyat aale hote. ashach prakarchi tulana jeey. yanni kelee hotee.eff. 1907 madhye hevit, tasech 1908 madhye 'good housekeeping' madheel lekh. cobress pudhe jaaun chinbaheril pauranik pakshi aanee dhoomketu yancha sambandh suchavatat.
chaar vaare.
mool american sanskratit, visheshtah arizonachya pima lokanmadhye, swastik heey chaar vanyanche prateek aahe. manavvanshashastradnya phrank hamilton cushing yanni namood kele qee pima madhye chaar vanyanche prateek chaar vakr bahunsah (tutalelya surya crossarkhe) crospasoon tayar kele jaate aanee nishkarsh kadhala qee "ujavya konatale swastik heey pramukhyane chaar pawan devanchya vartulache pratinidhitva karate jeey tyanchya payyanchya shirshasthani kinwa dishene ubhe aahet."
pragaitihasik.
joseph campbelchya matey, sarvat aadhi dnyat asaleli swastik hii yukrenmadhil mezinmadhye aadhalanaya eka pakshyachya usheera aalelya purapashan kalatil murtivar sapadalelya 'jodalelya swastikanchya guntaguntichya vakr namunyachya' 10,000 bii. see. pii. madheel aahe. asey suchavale gele aahe qee hii swastik udatana sarsache shailibaddha chitra asoo shakate. korivkam follick vastunjaval sapadale asalyane, heey namuna prajanankshamateche prateek hote yaa kalpanela dekhil samarthan deu shakate.
iranchya parvatanmadhye, dagadi bhintinvar koraleli swastika kinwa firnari chake aahet, jee andaje 7,000 varshanhun adhik junie aahet. eka udaharan mhanje kharshad, birjand, pavitra bhintivar laakh majar.
ii. sha. puu. 6,000 madheel bulgariatil devetashka gumphet, kumbharkamatil matichya bhandyanvar aarshatil pratima swastika (ghadyalachya dishene aanee ghadyalachya ulat dishene) sapadalya aahet.
bharatiy upkhandatil swastikache kahee sarvat june puratatviy purave ii. sha. puu. 3,000 madheel asoo shakatat. tapaskartyanni asey gruhitak mandale qee swastik bharatiy upkhandatun finland, scandinavia, scottish dongral pradesh aanee europechya itar bhaganmadhye paschimekade sarkala. englandmadhye, swastik dagdasarkhya ilkale moorvar chinhachi navpashan kinwa kansya yugatil dagadi koreev kaame sapadali aahet.
aafriket puratatviy utkhanananmadhil matichya bhandyanvar, kushchya bhagat aanee jebel barcle mandiranmadhil matichya bhandyanvar, uttar coccus (coban sanskruti) chya lohyugachya rachnemadhye aanee majabang aanee majiyawa sanskratinmadhil navpashan chinmadhye dekhil swastika aadhalalya aahet.
swastikanchya lohyugachya itar pramananancha sambandh ilirian, indo-irani, celt, greek, german lock aanee slav yasarkhya indo-european sanskratinshi asoo shakato. dakshin rashiyatil sintasht sanskratichya "shaharancha desh", pracheen indo-european vasahatinmadhye, kahee sarvat junya swastik namunyanche mothe praman aadhalun aale aahe.
coptic kalat egyptmadhyehi swastik disun yete. londonmadhil vhee andd aii museum aayojit kapad kramank t.231-1923 madhye tyachya rachnet lahan swastikancha samavesh aahe. haah tukada asyootjavalachya kau-all-kabir yethe sapadala hota aanee too ii. sha. 300 teey 600 darmyancha aahe.
tearwearbell" ("pranyanche ghoornan" kinwa "pranyanche ghoornan" sathee german) hii kansyayugatil madhya ashiya, eurasian maidan aanee nantar lohyugatil sythian aanee european (baltic aanee german) sanskratitil eka vaishishtyapurn rachana aahe, jee pranyanchya rachanechi, bahudha chaar pakshyanchya dokyanchi, firanyachi samamiteey vyavastha darshavate. yaa "ashiyai" vishayacha aanakhi vyapak prasar, prashant aanee agadi uttar americet (visheshtah moundville) prastavit karnyat aala aahe.
aitihasik vapar.
ashiyamadhye, swastik chinh pahilyanda puratatviy nondinmadhye ii. sha. puu. 3000 chya sumaras sindhu khoyatil sanskratimadhye disun yete. kaala samudra aanee caspian samudrachya aaspaschya kansya aanee lohyugachya sanskratinmadhyehi too disun yeto. yaa serve sanskratinmadhye, swastik chinh konatyahi lakshaniy sthanavar kinwa mahattvavar vyapalele disat nahee, jeey vegvegalya guntaguntichya samaan chinhanchya malikecha keval eka prakar mhanoon disate. parshiyachya parasi dharmat, swastik heey firana suryache, anantateche kinwa satatchya nirmitiche prateek hote. mesopotamian nanyanvaril sarvat samanya chinhanpaiki heey eka aahe.
hindu, bauddha aanee jaine asha bharatiy dharmansathi yaa pratimela aadhyatmik mahatva aahe. swastik heey moolche tibetche mool asalele booan dharmatil eka pavitra prateek aahe.
dakshin ashiya.
hindu dharm.
swastik heey eka mahattvache hindu prateek aahe. aarthik vivarananche prarambhik paan chinhankit karnyasathi, aanee vivah kinwa navjat shishuchya swagatasarakhya vidhisathi bandhalele mandal, sahasa praveshdvarachya aadhi kinwa gharanchya kinwa mandiranchya praveshdvaranvar swastik chinh vaparale jaate.
swastikacha diwalishi eka vishisht sambandh aahe, joou rangoline (rangeet valoo) kadhala jaato kinwa hindu gharanchya baher jaminivar aanee bhintivar latkavalelya aanee itar sajavativar deepkansah tayar keela jaato.
hindu dharmatil vividh paramparanmadhye ghadyalachya dishene aanee ghadyalachya ulat dishene donhi prakarche swastik vegvegale arth asalele aadhaltat. ghadyalachya dishene kinwa ujavya hatachya chinhala 'swastik' mhanatat, tarr ghadyalachya ulat dishene kinwa davya hatachya chinhala 'swastik' kinwa 'swastik' mhanatat. ghadyalachya dishene asalele swastik heey eka saur chinh (surya) aahe, jeey bharatatil (uttar golardh) suryachi gatee soochit karate, jithe too purvekadoon pravesh kartana disato, nantar duparchya velee dakshinekade chadhato aanee paschimekade baher padato. ghadyalachya viruddha dishene 'sauvastika' qamee vaparali jaate; tee ratricha arth darshavate aanee tantrik paramparanmadhye tee devi kalisathi, devi durgeche bhayanak roop, eka pratima aahe. heey chinh kriya, karm, gatee, chakr aanee kahee sandarbhanmadhye kamalache dekhil pratinidhitva karate. norman mcclellandchya matey, tyachi gatee aanee surya heey samaan pragaitihasik sanskrutik mulanche prateek asoo shakate.
bauddha dharm.
bauddha dharmat, swastik heey buddhachya shubh pavalanche prateek manale jaate. davya bajula asaleli sauvastika bahudha buddhamurtinchya chhativar, payanvar kinwa talpayanvar chhapaleli asate. ashiyachya anek bhaganmadhye buddhasathi heey eka pratiman prateek aahe aanee 'dharmchakra' saha samaroop aahe. haah aakar shashvat cycle chalavanyache prateek aahe, hii bauddha dharmachya 'sansar' siddhantat aadhalanari sankalpana aahe.
bauddha dharmachya goodh tantrik paramparanmadhye, hindu dharmasah swastik chinh samanya aahe, jithe teey chakr siddhant aanee itar dhyanvishayak sadhanansah aadhalate. ghadyalachya dishene chinh adhik samanya aahe aanee tibeti booan paramparetil ghadyalachya ulat dishene aavruttishi virodhabhas aahe aanee sthanik patalivar yala "yungdrung" mhanatat.
jainavad.
jaine dharmat, teey satvya 'tirthankar', suvarshvanathache prateek aahe. shwetambar paramparet, heey 'ashtamangal' kinwa aath shubh chinhanpaiki eka aahe. serve jaine mandire aanee pavitra granthanmadhye swastik asane aavashyak aahe aanee samarambh samanyatah vedibhovati tandalachya sahayyane anek vela swastik chinh tayar karoon suru hotat aanee sampatat. jaine lock putalyansamor swastik banavanyasathi tandalacha vapar karatat aanee nantar tyavar arpan karatat, sahasa pikaleli kinwa valaleli fale, god () kinwa naane kinwa chalani note. swastikache chaar haat chaar thikananche prateek aahet jithe aatmyacha punarjanm 'sansar' madhye houu shakato, janm aanee mrutyuche chakr 'swarg' swarg, 'narak' narak, 'manushya' manavata kinwa 'teerth' vanaspati kinwa prani mhanoon, aatmyala 'moksh' moksh 'prapt honyapurvi, janm aanee mrutyuche chakr sampavoon aanee sarvadnya honyapurvi.
purv ashiya.
swastik heey chinmadhil eka shubh prateek aahe, jithe teey bauddha dharmashi bharatat aanale gele hote. 693 madhye, tang rajvanshachya kalat, tyala "serve sadbhagyacha srot" mhanoon ghoshit karnyat aale aanee woo zetian haah chiinii shabd banoon tyala sambodhale gele. () sathiche chiinii akshar aakarane swastikasarkhech aahe aanee done vegvegalya prakaranmadhye disu shakateh Â aanee Â. chiinii varn (aanee/kinwa) heey "daha hazar" () aanee "anant" yaa chiinii shabdache samanarthi naav asalyane, chiinii varn swatach amaratva aanee anantateche prateek aahe. teey dirghayushyache pratinidhitvahi hote.
chiinii varn tyachya shubh arthamule cheeni drushya qalaa, sajavatichya qalaa aanee kapadyanmadhye swatantrapane kinwa jodee mhanoon vaparale jaau shakate.
itar shubh chiinii chinhe kinwa namunyanmadhye varn (aanee/kinwa) jodalyane tyaa ichchecha 10,000 patinni gunakar houu shakato. teey itar chiinii varnansah ekatra kele jaau shakate, jase qee chiinii varn dirghayushyasathi jethe teey kadhikadhi chiinii varnat dekhil samakalit kele jaate jenekarun dirghayushyache kshinatva vadhate.
jodidar swastik chinhe (aanee), kiman liyav rajvanshapasun (907-1125 ce), chiinii lekhan pranalicha bhag mhanoon samavisht kelee gelee aahet aanee corian, cantonese aanee japani bhashet 'vanne' ('mann') mhanje 'asankhya' assa arth asalelya 'vien' kinwa 'vanne' ('manderine' madhye 'wann', 'mann') sathee bhinn varn aahet.
chiinii shubh dhaganchya rupatahi heey patra shailibaddha kele jaau shakate.
japan.
8vya shatkat jevha japani bhashet chiinii lekhan pranalicha parichay jhaala, tevha swastika japani bhasha aanee sanskratit sweekarli gelee. yala samanyatah 'manji' (shabdik arth) asey sambodhale jaate. "10,000-varn"). madhyayugapasun, tsugaru kula, hachisuka kula kinwa tokugawa kulatil sumare 60 kulansarkhya vividh japani kutumbandware yacha "moone" mhanoon vapar keela jaat aahe. japani nakashanvar, bauddha mandirache sthan chinhankit karnyasathi swastik (davikade aanee aadve) vaparale jaate. ujavya bajula asalelya swastikala anekada 'or' asey sambodhale jaate aanee tyala 'aur' asehi mhatale jaau shakate.
chiinii aanee japani kalemadhye, swastik anekada punaravrutti namunyacha bhag mhanoon aadhalate. japani bhashet 'sayagata' navachya eka samanya namunyat, reshanni jodalelya davya aanee ujavya dishene asalelya swastikancha samavesh asato. reshanmadhil nakaratmak jaagecha aakar vishisht asalyane, sayagata namunyala kadhikadhi ingerjit 'qee fret' rachana mhanatat.
purv europe aanee coccus.
aarmeniyamadhye swastikala 'arevakhach' aanee 'kerakhach' () asey mhanatat aanee teey shashvatata aanee shashvat prakashache pracheen prateek aahe.eae. dev). kansyayugachya aadhipasoon, tamrayugatil petroglyphower aarmeniyamadhil swastika aadhalalya hotya. kansyayugat teey kadhai, pattya, padake aanee itar vastunvar chitrit kele gele hote. sarvat junya petroglyphspacky eka mhanje armeniyan varnamalamadhil satve aksharah Â ('eae' mhanje 'aahe' kinwa 'asane') ardh-swastik mhanoon chitrit kele aahe.
armeniyachi aitihasik rajdhani asalelya anee shaharatil pramukh manonyasah madhyayugeen church aanee killyanvarhi swastika disu shakatat. armeniyan galiche, cross-stones ("khachar") aanee madhyayugeen hastalikhite tasech shashvatateche prateek mhanoon aadhunik smarkanvar tech chinh aadhalu shakate.
chaar-kiran aanee itar swastikanche june petroglyphe dagestanmadhye, visheshtah avtaranmadhye nondavale gele hote. kartalichya vakhushtinusar, awar khananchya aadivasi zendyavar duheri-shwasani swastikasah manak asalelya landgache chitran kele aahe.
madhyayugeen vyarth manorachya vastukalevar swastikansah petroglyphe chitrit kele gele hote (1920 chya dashkatil vidwan bruno plateske yanni rekhataleli rekhachitre pahaa). asha prakare, chechaniyatil khimoy vasahatitil nivasi manonyachya praveshdvaravar koralelya swarupat aayatakruti swastik tayar karnyat aale.
uttar europe.
germanyche lohyug.
swastikacha aakar (jyala 'philphot' asehi mhanatat) vividh german sthalantar kalavadhi aanee wiking yugatil kalakrutinvar disun yeto, jase qee zealand, denmarkmadhil 3yyaa shatkatil verlos faybula, aaj belarasmadhye, breast-litovskmadhil gothick bhala, ramso, denmarkmadhil 9vya shatkatil snoldelev dagad aanee sthalantar kalavadhitil asankhya bractates davya dishene kinwa ujavya dishene odhale jaatat.
englandmadhil sutton huu yethe murtipujak anglo-saxon jahajavar daphan karnyat aalelya vastumadhye swastik asalelya asankhya vastoo hotya, jyaa aata puratatva aanee manavvanshashastrachya cambridge sangrahalayachya sangrahat thevanyat aalya aahet. sumare 6 vya shatkatil kabarimadhye kentmadhil biphron yethe sapadalelya talvarichya pattyavar swastik spashtapane chinhankit aahe.
hiilda ellis devidsonne siddhant mandala qee swastik chinh thorashi sambandhit aahe, jeey bahudha tyachya meghagarjanache pratinidhitva karate aanee kadachit kansya yugatil surya krasashi jodalele aahe. devidsonne murtipujak kalatil anglo-saxon kabarinmadhil swastik chinhachi "anek udaharane" uddhrut kelee aahet, jyat purv angliachya smashanbhumitil antyasanskaravaril kalshanna vishesh mahatva dile aahe. puratatva aanee manavvanshashastrachya cambridge sangrahalayat pradarshit kelelya vastunvaril kahee swastikanche chitran itake kaljipurvak aanee kalene kele aahe qee, devidsonchya matey, tyala antyasanskarache prateek mhanoon vishesh mahatva asale pahije. 8 vya shatkatil sebo talvarivaril runik shilalekh haah norse murtipujakvadatil thorche prateek mhanoon swastikacha purava mhanoon ghetala gela aahe.
celts.
battersey brijajaval (mhanoon "battersey shiild") themus nadeet sapadalelya purv-khrishchan () vidhichya dhalcha kansya agrabhag kansya aanee laal dantvalkamadhye 27 swastikansah koralela aahe. irelandmadhil qoo keerii (see. aay. aay. see. 141) yaa ingraji bhashet sapadalelya ogham dagadala suruvatichya khrishchan kabarimadhye badalanyat aale aanee tyala cross patti aanee done swastikanni sajavanyat aale. kelschya pustakat () swastik aakarache alankar aahe. paschim yorkshiremadhil ilkale moorchya uttarekadil kathavar, swastik dagad mhanoon olakhalya jaananya dagadat koralela swastik aakaracha namuna aahe. anek swastika galician dhatuchya tukadyanmadhye koreev kelelya aanee dagadanmadhye koralelya aadhalalya aahet, mukhytah castro sanskratichya kalatil, jaree samkalin udaharane dekhil aahet (sajavatichya karanansathi junya namunyanche anukaran).
balto-slavic.
swastik heey eka pracheen baltic gadgadat cross chinh aahe ("percona crusts;" phayar cross, "ugunscrusts" dekhil), jeey vastoo, paramparik kapade aanee puratatva utkhananat sajavanyasathi vaparale jaate.
chitrakar stanislav zakubowski yanchya matey, 'chhota surya' (polishah 'slonezko') heey suryache suruvatiche gulam murtipujak prateek aahe; tyane assa dawa keela qee too chirantan jivanache pratinidhitva karnyasathi padalelya gulamanchya antim vishrantichya thikanajaval bandhalelya lakadi smarkanvar korala gela hota. heey chinh tyachya suruvatichya slavic chinhe aanee sthapatyashastriy vaishishtyanchya sangrahat pahilyanda disale, jyala tyane 'prasloviansky motivi architectoniczne' (polishah 'prarambhik slavic sthapatya rachana') asey naav dile. tyanche kaam 1923 madhye prakashit jhaale.
polish-lithuania rashtrakulatil anek kuleen kutumbandware laal swastik asalela boreco coat auph arms vaparla jaat asey.
boris kuftinchya matey, itar kahee slavic lokanpeksha vegale, russian lock swastikcha vapar sajavaticha ghatak mhanoon karat asat aanee paramparik vinakam utpadananvaril alankarancha too aadhar hota. meshcherachya sakhal bhagatil mahilanchya lock veshbhushechya udaharanavar anek namunyanche varnan kele aahe.
kahee lekhakanchya matey, swastikashi lokpriyapane sambandhit asalelya russian navanmadhye 'veternock' ('vaachee havah'), 'ognevtsi' ('chhotya jwala'), 'huns', 'sase' (swastika asalelya towella 'sase' asalela towell mhanatat) kinwa 'lahan ghode' yancha samavesh hoto. tyach velee, gulabachya aakarachya tavijanchya navasathi samaan shabd 'colesso' ('chaak'), jase qee hexaphoil-'gadgadat' (udaa.jee. ), heey pramanik lokkathanmadhye, visheshtah russian uttarekadil aahet.
saamee.
khristi dharmachi sthapana honyapurvi tyanchya dharmik samarambhanmadhye vaparlya jaanarya saamee "noidi" chya dholanvar jaduchya chinhanmadhye hatoda kinwa duheri kuhadasarkhi vastoo chitrit kelee jaate. saamee meghagarjanachya devache naav horagels hote, jeey 'old mann thore' ('thor carl') pasoon vyutpann jhaale aahe asey manale jaate. kadhikadhi dholanvar, donhi hatanmadhye hatodisarkhi vastoo asaleli purush aakruti dakhavali jaate aanee kadhikadhi tee vakr toke asalelya crossarkhi kinwa swastikasarkhi asate.
dakshin europe.
greek-roman puratanta.
pracheen greek sthapatyakala, kapade aanee nanyanchya rachana ekach kinwa paraspar jodalelya swastik rupanni bharalelya aahet. yethe isavi sunpoorv 8vya shatkatil sonyachya plateche tantumay kann dekhil aahet, jeey koralelya swastikane sushobhit kelele aahet. shastriy pashchatya vastukaletil sambandhit chinhanmadhye cross, teen payanchi triscale kinwa triscalian aanee golakar lauburu yancha samavesh hoto. yaa sandarbhat swastik chinhala anek navanni, visheshtah 'gammadiyon' kinwa tyaeivaji 'tetra-gammadiyon' mhanoon dekhil olakhale jaate. gamedion' heey naav chaar greek gamma (γ) aksharanni banalele asalyache manale jaat aahe. pracheen greek sthapatyakalechya rachana paraspar jodana chinhane bharalelya aahet.
greek-roman qalaa aanee sthapatyakala aanee pashchimekadil roman aanee gothick kalemadhye, vegale swastik tulanene durmil aahet aanee swastik heey samanyatah simareshevar kinwa tessellationmadhye punaravrutti ghatak mhanoon aadhalate. swastik anekada satatchya gatiche pratinidhitva karate, jeey firana pavanchakki kinwa jalchakkichi rachana pratibimbit karate. jodalelya swastikancha eka tirkas gut auguston aaraa passischya bhovati motha band tayar karato.
francemadhil emianschya cathedralchya majlyavaril anek tessellationpacky eka mhanje paraspar sanlagn swastikanchi rachana. jodalelya swastikanchi seema hii eka samanya roman sthapatya rachana hotee aanee alikadil imaratinmadhye eka neoclassical ghatak mhanoon pahili jaau shakate. swastik seema haah eka prakarcha tirkas asato aanee asha simevaril vaiyaktik swastikanna kadhikadhi 'greek chavya' mhanatat. pompeichya majalyavar swastik dekhil sapadale aahet.
ilirian.
surya prateek mhanoon swastik ilirian lokanmadhye vyapak hote. surya panth haah ilerian panthatil mukhya panth hota; ghadyalachya dishene halchalit surya swastikadware darshavila jaat asey aanee too suryachya halchalisathi ubha rahila.
madhyayugeen aanee prarambhik aadhunik europe.
lohyugatil europemadhil anek kalakrutinvar swastik aakar sapadale aahet.
khristi dharmat, mrutyubaddal khristachya vijayache prateek asalelya khristi vadhastambhachi hook keleli aavrutti mhanoon swastik vaparale jaate. roman aanee gothick yugat bandhaleli kahee khrishchan church purvichya roman rachana dharan karnari swastikanni sushobhit keleli aahet. centmadhil mozekmadhye swastik thalakpane pradarshit kele jaatat. yukrenmadhil kivache sophiya church 12vya shatkatil aahe. sentchya basilicamadhil thadgyavar teey punha punha disanari sajavatichi rachana mhanoon dekhil disatat. milanmadhye embrose.
granobalmadhil seent laurent charchmadhye 1910 madhye rangavalelya chhatavar anek swastika aahet. church heey shaharache puratatviy sangrahalay banalyamule aaj tyala bhet dilee jaau shakate. 13 vya shatkat francechya emines yetheel murtipujak sthalavar bandhanyat aalelya, 'avar lady auph emines' chya cathedralmadhil swastik majlyavaril mozek aanee tyaa darmyancha prastavit thet sambandh ashakya manla jaato. rossier vanne dair weden yanni 1445 madhye saat sanskaranchya chitrat eka pujarine paridhan keleli choree, shilushache chitran karnyacha eka marg mhanoon swastik swaroop sadar karate.
punarujjivan aanee barok yugat swastik qalaa aanee sthapatyakalet dekhil disatat. ethansachi shaala' yaa bhittichitrat swastikapasun banavalele alankar dakhavale aahet aanee heey chinh 'santa maria della salami' yaa roman catholic charchchya aanee venis shaharachya dorsoduro cestiermadhil punta della dogana yethe asalelya kirkol basilicachya darshani bhagavar dekhil aadhalu shakate.
polandachya pahilya prajasattakat swastikche prateek dekhil kulinanmadhye lokpriy hote. itihasanusar, 9 vya shatkat constantinopulver hallah karananya russiachya rajkumar olegne tyachya dhalala (jyavar eka motha laal swastik rangalela hota) shaharachya darvajanvar khilkhile kele. anek udatt ghare, udaa.jee. rutheniyatil boreco, borgim aanee radizikovsky hyanchehi hatasvastika mhanoon hote. 14vya aanee 15vya shatkat yaa kutumbachi mahanata vadhali aanee tyaa velee tayar jhalelya anek vanshparamparagat pustakanmadhye tyachi chhap disun yete.
swastik heey dekhil eka vanshparamparagat prateek hote, udaharanarth, polland aanee yukrenmadhil kuleen lock vaparat asalelya boreco coat auph armsvar. 19 vya shatkat swastik heey russian samrajyachya chinhanpaiki eka hote aanee nanyanchya nirmitisathi tyacha vapar keela jaat asey.
gair-eurasian namune.
africa.
vividh african sanskratinmadhye swastik disu shakatat. ethiopiamadhye 12 vya shatkatil prasiddha beat maryamchya khidakimadhye swastik koralele aahe, jeey khadakat koralelya charchpaiki eka aahe, lalibela. ghanamadhye, swastik heey akan lokanchya adinder chinhanpaiki eka aahe. ncontim' mhanoon olakhale jaanare swastik heey aashanti sonyache vajan aanee kapadyanvar aadhalu shakatat.
america.
hoppy, navajo aanee talingit yasah anek sthanik gatanni swastik vaparale aahe. mississippy khoyatil matichya bhandyanvar aanee ohayochya ross countymadhil hopewellchya tekdyanmadhil tambyachya vastunvar swastika sapadalya. heey nashibasathiche navajo prateek aahe, jyache bhashantar 'verling logg' asehi kele jaate.
20 vya shatkat, vyapanyanni sthanik american kalakaranna tyanchya hastkalanmadhye heey chinh vaparnyas protsahit kele aanee teey american sainyachya 45 vya payadal vibhagadvare, eka serve-mool american vibhagadvare vaparale gele. nazi germanyshi asalelya sambandhanmule 1930 chya dashakat yaa chinhachi lokpriyata qamee jhaali. 1940 madhye, anshatah sarkari protsahanamule, anek vegvegalya mool american jamatinmadhil samuday netyanni yapudhe heey chinh naan vaparnyache aashvasan dett eka nivedan dile. tathapi, mool chinhachya sandarbhat aanee 45 vya vibhagache smarak mhanoon, tyachya vaparavar bahya aakshep asoonahi, mool american gatanni yaa chinhacha vapar suruch thewala aahe. 1920 pasoon 1940 paryant arizonamadhil rajya rastyanchya chinhanvar heey chinh vaparale jaat hote.
20vya shatkachya suruvatila.
pashchatya jagaat, 19 vya shatkachya uttaradhat heinrich schleemanchya puratatviy karyanantar yaa chinhache punarutthan jhaale, jyanni pracheen trichya thikani heey chinh shodhun kadhale aanee teey proto-indo-europeanchya pracheen sthalantaranshi sambandhit kele, jyanchya proto-bhashela german bhashechya itihaskaranni yogayogane "proto-indo-germanic" mhatale navhate. tyane tyala germanytil pracheen bhandivar sapadalelya samaan aakaranshi jodale aanee asey gruheet dharale qee swastik heey "aaplya durgam purvajanche mahattvapoorn dharmik prateek" hote, aanee teey pracheen tuton, hommer kalatil greek aanee vaidik kalatil bharatiyanshi jodale gele. 20vya shatkachya suruvatiparyant, too jagbharat vaparla jaat hota aanee nasheeb aanee yashache prateek mhanoon olakhala jaat asey.
schleemanche karya lavkarach rajkiy "volkish" chalvalinshi gumphalele jhaale, jyanni swastikcha vapar "aryan vansh" chey prateek mhanoon keela-hii sankalpana alfried rosenberg sarkhya siddhantkaranni uttar europemadhye ugam pavalelya nordic master sharyatishi tulana kelee. edolph hitlerchya nazi pakshane tyacha sweekar kelyapasoon, swastik haah nazivad, facism, tyachya pandhya varchasvachya swarupat varnabhed, dusya mahayuddhatil aksh shaktinshi aanee pashchimekadil bahutek bhagantil holocostshee sambandhit aahe. swastik heey nava-nazi gatanche mukhya prateek aahe.
lambach abbay, appar austriya yetheel benedictin gayakvrund, jyat hitler mulga asatana anek mahine upasthit hota, tethe 1868 paryant mathachya praveshdvarat aanee anganatil spring grotochya varchya bhintivar eka swastik korale gele hote. tyanche mool lambach yetheel mathachya mathadhish theoderich hagencha vaiyaktik hatancha coat hota, jyat nilya shetat tirkas bindu asaleli soneri swastik hotee.
europe.
britton.
british lekhak aanee kavee rudyard kippling yanni tyanchya anek kamanchya mukhprushth kalavar heey chinh vaparale, jyat 'daad five nations', 1903, jyat teey hattisah jodale gele aahe. ekada edolph hitler aanee nazi sattevar aale qee, kiplingne aadesh deela qee swastikane yapudhe tyachi pustake sushobhit karoo nayet. 1927 madhye, dakshin africa sangharajyasathi dhwaj mhanoon union jackney vikrut kelela laal swastik prastavit karnyat aala.
denmark.
danish madyanirmiti company carlsberg samoohane 19vya shatkapasoon 1930chya dashakachya madhyaparyant swastikacha logo mhanoon vapar keela, jevha shejarchya germanytil nazi pakshashi sambandh asalyamule tee bund karnyat aalee. kopanheganmadhye 1901 madhye bandhanyat aalelya companychya mukhyalayatil praveshdvaravaril aanee manonyajaval ajunahi swastika disatat. yaa manonyala chaar dagadi hatti aadhar detat, pratyek bajula eka swastik aahe. teey jyaa burujala aadhar detat tyachya varchya bajula eka shikhar aahe, jyachya madhyabhagi eka swastik aahe.
eyesland.
swastik kinwa thorcha hatoda, jyala logo mhatale jaat asey, too etch/eff sathee logo mhanoon vaparla jaat asey. 1914 madhye tyachya sthapanepasun teey dusya mahayuddhaparyant jevha teey bund karnyat aale aanee fakt 'emskip' akshare vachanyasathi badalale gele.
ireland.
swastik kapade dhunyachi eka vastrodyog 1912 madhye sthapan karnyat aalee hotee, jee irelandmadhil doublin jilhyatil shelburn road, ballbridgever sthit hotee. 1950 chya dashakat, heinrich bolala irelandmadhye rahat asatana companyshi sambandhit eka vanne disali, jyamule company nazivadapeksha junie aahe aanee tyachyashi purnapane sambandhit nahee heey tyachya lakshat yenyapurvi kahee vichitra kshan aale. kapade dhunyachya boiler-hausachi chimani ajunahi ubhi aahe, parantu kapade dhunyachya vastoocha punarvikas karnyat aala aahe.
finland.
finlandmadhye, swastik (jyacha arth 'vakade-doke' aanee nantar 'hook-cross' assa hoto) haah paramparik lokkalanchya utpadananmadhye, kapad aanee lakadavar sajavat kinwa jaaduche prateek mhanoon anekada vaparla jaat asey. 1945 paryant finish havai dalane dekhil swastikcha vapar keela hota aanee ajunahi havai dalachya zendyanvar vaparla jaato.
swastikavaril eka vistar, kahee prakarananmadhye scouts aanee vidyarthi sanghatanedware vaparla jaato. tursache finish gaav tethe banavalelya utpadananvaril pramanikteche pramanpatra mhanoon vaparte aanee heey chinhachya yaa navache mool aahe (jyacha arth 'tursache hriday' assa hoto), jyala ('wallrus-haart') asehi mhanatat. finlandmadhye ajunahi paramparik alankaranche bhag mhanoon swastikansah paramparik vastrodyog tayar kele jaatat.
finish sainya.
1918 madhye sadar karnyat aalelya swastikacha vapar, janewari 2017 paryant, finish havai dalane eka prateek mhanoon keela. havai dalane swikarlela swastikacha prakar haah swedish ganite erich wonn rosensathi nashibache prateek hota, jyanni tyanche sarvat june viman daan kele; nantar teey swedish nazi chalvalitil eka pramukh vyakti banale.
swastikacha vapar mahila nimalashkari sanstha lotta swardnehi keela hota, jyavar finland aanee sanlagn soviet union aanee britton yanchyatil mosco yuddhaviramanusar 1944 madhye bandee ghalanyat aalee hotee.
finlandcha adhyaksh haah pandhya gulabachya kramankacha grand master asato. shishtacharanusar, rashtrapati aupcharik prasangi pandhya gulabacha bhavya vadhastambh aanee collar ghalatil. nauu swastikanni sushobhit kelelya collarchi mool rachana 1918 salchi aahe aanee tyachi rachana kalakar aksheli gallen-kallela yanni kelee hotee. swastik collar asalela bhavya vadhastambh paradeshi rashtrapramukhanna 41 vela pradan karnyat aala aahe. gairsamaj talhanyasathi, 1963 madhye rashtradhyaksh urho kekonen yanchya nirnayanantar swastik sajavatanchi jaaga phiir crossney ghetali gelee, jevha franceche adhyaksh charles dii gaull yanna swastik kaularbaddal aswasthata hotee heey samajale gele.
1918 pasoon gallen-kallelane tayar kelelya yaa cross auph friedamchya bahunmadhye swastik namuna aahe. finlandchya rashtradhyakshanchya manakachya varchya davya kopyat swatantryacha cross chitrit keela aahe.
december 2007 madhye, dusya mahayuddhachya kalatil finish havai sanrakshn dalachya swastikane sushobhit kelelya madat ringchi chandichi pratikruti dharmaday mohimecha eka bhag mhanoon upalabdh jhaali.
yuddhakalin mool kalpana ashee hotee qee janata tyanchya maulyavan dhatuchya ringschee adlabadal rajyachya havai sanrakshanachya lokhandi banalelya releaf ringsathi karate.
2017 madhye, swastikasah finish havai dalachya kamandachya junya logochya jaagi soneri garud aanee pankhanche vartul darshavinara naveen logo ghenyat aala. tathapi, finlandchya havai dall akadamicha logo ajunahi swastik chinh rakhoon thevato.
latvia.
latviane swastika aaplya havai dalasathi 1918/1919 madhye sweekarli aanee 1940 madhye sovhietchya tabyat yeiparyant tyacha vapar suru thewala. cross swatach pandhya parshvabhumivar lalsar hota, joou latvian dhvajache rung pratibimbit karat hota. aadhichya aavruttyanni ghadyalachya ulat dishene nirdesh kele, tarr nantarchya aavruttyanni ghadyalachya dishene nirdesh kele aanee pandhari parshvabhoomi kadhoon takali. itar vividh latvian lashkari tukadya aanee latvian warr collegene (rashtriy sanrakshn akadamicha purvavarti) dekhil latvian swatantryaladhyadarmyan tyanchya yuddh zendyanmadhye aanee chinhanmadhye heey chinh sweekarle hote. eka shailibaddha agni cross haah laplicischya kramacha aadhar aahe, joou swatantryaladhyatil sahbhaginsathi laviacha sarvoch lashkari alankar aahe. 1930 chya dashakat sakriy asalelya perconcrusts yaa atee-rashtravadi rajkiy sanghatnene dekhil phayar crosscha eka prateek mhanoon vapar keela.
lithuania.
swastik chinh (lithuania "sukurelis") heey eka paramparik baltic alankar aahe, jeey kiman 13 vya shatkatil avasheshanvar aadhalate. lithuaniansasathiche swastik tyanchya lithuanians purvajancha tasech mothya pramanat baltic lokancha itihas aanee smrutee darshavtat. lithuaniamadhye, rokishkismadhil swatantrya smarkasarkhi smarke aahet, jithe swastik aadhalu shakate.
sweeden.
aata aii. bii. bii. chaa bhag asalelya swedish company asiane 1800 chya dashakachya uttaradhat swastik darshavinara companycha logo sadar keela. 1933 madhye germanyt edolph hitler sattevar aala tevha logo badalanyat aala. 1900 chya dashakachya suruvatila, swastik heey vijeche prateek mhanoon vaparale jaat hote, kadachit teey panyache chaak kinwa turbinesarkhe asalyamule. tyaa kalatil nakashanvar jalvidhyut kendranchya thikananvar swastikanni chinhankit kele hote.
norwey.
1917 pasoon, mikal siltonchya kattar yahudivirodhi niyatkalikane, 'nationalt tidscrift' neey swastika heey prateek mhanoon sweekarle, edolph hitlerne asey karnyache nivadanyachya teen varshanpurvi.
oslo nagarpalika urja kendrache mukhyalay vastuvisharad "bjerk aanee eliyasen" yanni 1928-1931 madhye tayar kele hote. swastikanni tyachya lokhandi darvajanna sushobhit kele aahe. vastuvishardanna swastik heey 'vijeche' prateek mhanoon maheet hote aanee kadachit tyanna adyap heey maheet navhate qee teey german nazi pakshane balkavale aahe aanee lavkarach teey german reechche pramukh prateek banel. dusya mahayuddhadarmyan norwaver germananchya tabyat aalyanantar hii daare safsafaitun bachavali hii vastusthiti veej prakalp aanee tyachya vastuvishardanchya nirdoshpanachi aanee sadbhavanechi saksh aahe. architect bjerk aanee eliason yanna swastik heey scandinaviatil nakashanvaril veej prakalpanche prateek aanee almannah swenska electrisca actibologe, aashiyache prateek mhanoon maheet hote.
russia.
davya hatachi swastik heey shevatchi russian samradnyi alekzandra fedorovna yanche aavadate chinh hote. tine swastikechya rupat eka tavij paridhan keela, too aanandasathi sarvatra thewala, jyat tichya tobolskmadhil aatmahatya patrancha samavesh aahe, nantar bhintivar pencilne aanee eptiev gharatil kholichya khidakichya ughadyavar rekhatale, jeey rajgharanyachya shevatchya turungvasache thikan aanee antharunachya varchya bhintivar hote.
1917 chya russian tatpuratya sarkarne tyanchya kendranmadhye ujavya dishene, tirkas firavalelya swastikansah anek naveen banq nota chhapalya. notanchi rachana suruvatila mangolian rashtriy bankesathi hotee parantu februwari krantinantar russian rubalsathi punha tayar karnyat aalee. swastikanche chitran kele gele aanee kahee soviet credit kardanvar (sovzanax) 1918-1922 madhye prachalit asalelya clitchs chhapale gele.
russian yadavi yuddhadarmyan, shwet sainyachya cyberiatil barren ungaranchya ashiyai ghodadal vibhagachya kahee tukadyanchya ganveshachya pratikvadat swastik upasthit hota aanee mangoliyachya bogged khanetmadhye, jyache spashtikaran tyateel bauddhanchya lakshaniy sankhyene dile aahe. laal sainyachya vanshik kalamik tukadyanni swastika darshavinare vegale hatpattya paridhan kele hote, jyavar 'aar. ess. eff. ess. aar.' (romanh 'aar. ess. eff. ess. aar.') shilalekh hote.
uttar america.
swastikchi rachana kahee paramparik mool american qalaa aanee pratimashastrat aadhalate. aitihasikdrushtya, ohayo aanee mississippy nadichya khoyatil mississippy-yugatil sthalanchya utkhananat aanee aagney aupcharik sankulashi sambandhit vastunvar (vastunvar) hii rachana aadhalali aahe.eae.see.see.). nairutya bhagatil anek jamati, visheshtah navajo aanee dakota sarkhya maidani deshankadunhi yacha mothya pramanavar vapar keela jaato. vividh jamatinmadhye swastikala vegvegale arth aahet. hopisathi teey bhatkana hoppy kulala darshavate; navajosathi teey firatya logche (tsin nalvoli) eka prateek aahe, hii eka pavitra pratima aahe jee upchar vidhinmadhye vaparlya jaanarya aakhyayikeche pratinidhitva karate. swastik rachana asalele chamakdar rangeet pratham rashtranche kathee canadatil shahee suscatchwan sangrahalayat pradarshit aahe.
1930 chya dashakapurvi, amerikechya sainyachya 45 vya payadal vibhagache prateek pivalya swastikasah laal hira hota, joou nairutya united statesmadhil mothya mool american loksankhyela shraddhanjali hota. nantar tyachi jaaga thandabgyachya chinhane ghenyat aalee.
canadatil auntario yetheel swastika shahar aanee newyorkmadheel swastika hya gawala yaa chinhache naav denyat aale.
1909 teey 1916 paryant, mishiganchya detroitmadhye tayar jhalelya keey-aar-aay-tii automobilene tyancha trademark mhanoon ujavya bajula asalelya swastikacha vapar keela.
nazivadashi sambandh.
nazivadat vapara (1920-1945).
20vya shatkachya suruvatila europemadhye swastik mothya pramanat vaparale jaat hote. too europeanansathi anek goshtinche prateek hota, jyat sarvat samanya pratikvad haah nasheeb aanee shubhatecha hota. vyapak lokpriy vaparachya parshvabhumivar, pahilya mahayuddhanantarchya germanymadhye, navyane sthapan jhalelya nazi pakshane 1920 madhye aupcharikpane swastik sweekarle. nazi pakshache prateek laal parshvabhumivar pandhya vartulavar 45 ansh firavalela kaala swastik hote. haah chinh pakshachya dhvajavar, badgever aanee bahubandyavar vaparla jaat asey. eka hatavar sapat basoon, firvat naan basoon, kalya swastikacha vapar karoon hitlerne tyachya vaiyaktik manakachi rachana kelee.
nazinpurvi, swastik aadhich german rashtravadi chalvalinche prateek mhanoon vaparale jaat hote.
jose manuel erbez mhanatoh
tathapi, libenfels yaa chinhacha aadhich sthapit kelela vapar karat hote.<riif naav = "gudrick-clark 1997/2006"> </ref>
1925 madhye, edolph hitlerne tyachya pustakat lihileh "darmyan, asankhya prayatnannantar, mea swatah eka antim swaroop thewale hote; laal parshvabhoomi asalela dhwaj, pandhari disk aanee madhyabhagi eka kaala hook cross. dirgh chachanyanantar mallah dhvajacha aakar aanee pandhya pattyacha aakar, tasech hook kelelya crosscha aakar aanee jaadi yanchyatil nishchit praman dekhil aadhalale."
jevha hitlerne nazi pakshasathi dhwaj tayar keela, tevha tyane swastik aanee "tyaa gauravshali rangancha samavesh karnyacha prayatna keela, jeey aaplya gauravshali bhootkalala aadar vyakt karatat aanee jyane ekekali german rashtrala khoop sanman midvoon deela". (laal, pandhara aanee kaala heey junya german samrajyachya dhvajache rung hote.) teey asehi mhanaleh "rashtriy samajvadi mhanoon, aamhala aamcha karyakram aamchya zendyat disato. laal rangat, aapan chalvalichi samajik kalpana pahato; pandhya rangat, rashtravadi kalpana; hook kelelya crossmadhye, aryan mansachya vijayasathichya sangharshache dhyey aanee tyach chinhadware, sarjansheel karyachya kalpanecha vijay."
swastik heey "nirmitiche, jivanavar parinam karnare prateek" () aanee "germanyche vansh prateek" () mhanoon dekhil samajale jaat asey.
jaree tee vaidnyanik varnabhed asali taree vanshik swachchatechi sankalpana hii nazivadachya kendrasthani asaleli eka vichardhara hotee. uchch darjache nazi siddhantkar alfried rosenberg yanni namood kele qee indo-aryan lock anukaran karnyasathi eka aadarsh hote aanee aadhyatmik aanee vanshik "gondhalachya" dhokyancha ishara hota, jeey tyanna vatat hote qee vanshanchya nikatatemule udbhavale. nazinni aary master sharyatiche prateek mhanoon swastikchi saha-nivad kelee.
14 march 1933 roji, hitlerchi germanyche kulpati mhanoon niyukti jhalyanantar lagechach, aine. ess. dii. aii. pii. dhwaj germanychya rashtriy ranganchya bajula fadakavanyat aala. neuremberg kayadyancha eka bhag mhanoon, kendrapasoon kinchit bajula asalelya swastikasah nsdap dhwaj 15 september 1935 roji germanycha ekmev rashtriy dhwaj mhanoon swikarla gela.
mitrapakshankadun vapar.
dusya mahayuddhachya kalat mitra rashtranchya vimananchya bajunni havet vijay midvinyasathi lahan swastikancha vapar karane samanya hote aanee kiman eka british ladhau vaimanikane tyane padalelya pratyek german vimanasathi tyachya logbookmadhye swastik korale hote.
dusya mahayuddhanantarche kalank.
nazi germanyne tyacha vapar kelyamule, 1930 chya dashakapasun swastik mukhyatve nazivadashi sambandhit aahe. dusya mahayuddhanantar pashchimatya deshanmadhye teey dveshache aanee anek pashchatya deshanmadhye pandhya varchasvache prateek manale gele aahe.
parinami, germanys kahee deshanmadhye tyacha serve prakare vapar kinwa nazi kinwa dveshache prateek mhanoon tyacha vapar karnyas manai aahe. kahee deshanmadhye, udaharanarth united states (2003 chya prakaranat "virginia wii. black'), sarvoch nyayalayanni nirnay deela aahe qee, jarr vapar karnyacha hetu itaranna dhamkavanyacha asel tarr sthanik sarkare cross berningsarkhya itar chinhansah swastikachya vaparavar bandee ghaloo shakatat.
germany.
german aanee austriyan yuddhottar faujdari sanhita vidwan karananvyatirikt swastik, sig rune, celtic cross (visheshtah pandhya shaktichya karyakartyandvare vaparlya jaanarya bhinnata), daad, odal rune aanee kavatiche sarvajanik pradarshan bekaydeshir banavate. 1930 chya dashakat railwayne prakashit kelelya velapatrakanchya punarmudranavarunhi teey sensor kele aahe. hindu, bauddha aanee jaine mandiranvaril swastikanna suut aahe, kaaran germanymadhye dharmik chinhanvar bandee ghalata yet nahee.
anek police vibhaganni facistvirodhi lokanviruddha chaukashi suru karnyachya nirnayamule vaad nirman jhaala. 2005chya uttaradhat polisanni punk rock label aanee mail aurder stoarchya karyalayanvar chhapa takala aanee 'nix gut records' varr chhapa takala aanee gundallelya swastikanche aanee muthine swastikanna fodanyache chitra asalela maal japt keela. 2006 madhye police vibhagane eka vyaktine kacharapetit swastik takalyache darshavina falkadware facistvirodhi tarunanviruddha chaukashi suru kelee. sthanik nivadanukansathi ujavya vicharsaranichya rashtravadi pakshanchya mohimechya virodhat falak pradarshit karnyat aale hote.
shukravar, 17 march 2006 roji, claudia rothchya eka sadasyane nava-nazinchya virodhat anek nidarshananmadhye cross-out swastik pradarshit kelyabaddal german polisankade takrar kelee aanee tyanantar tichi khatala chalvanyapasunachi pratikarshakti nilambit karnyasathi bundestag midavala. facist pratikancha vapar karoon facistvirodhi lokanvar aarop karnyacha murkhapana dakhavanyacha ticha hetu hotah "aamhala ujavya vicharsaranichya atireki karvayanchya virodhat guntalelya ahinsak tarunanvar khatala chalavanyachi garaj nahee."15 march 2007 roji, germanychya federal court auph justicene () asey mhatale qee cross-out chinhe" "rashtriy-samajvadi prayatnanchya punarujjivanachya virodhat spashtapane nirdeshit kelee gelee hotee", "jyamule bhavishyasathicha vivad nikali kadhala gela".
9 august 2018 roji germanyne video gemmadhye swastika aanee itar nazi chinhanchya vaparavaril bandee uthavali. "kayadyachya vyakhyetil badaladvare, vartaman ghadamodinvar gambhirpane laksh denanya khelanna prathamach yuu. ess. keey. vayache moolyankan dile jaau shakate", asey yuu. ess. keey. chey vyavasthapakiy sanchalak elizabeth sekar yanni see. tii. vhee. laa sangitale. "chitrapatanchya babatit heey byanch kalapasoon aahe aanee qalaa swatantryachya babatit, aata sanganak aanee video gemchya babatitahi hetch yogya aahe."
european unionmadhye bandee ghalanyacha prayatna keela.
european unionchya karyakari aayogane 2001 madhye european union-vyapi varnabhedavirodhi kayada prastavit keela, parantu european union rajye varnabhed aanee abhivyakti swatantryavar bandee ghalanyatil samatolavar sahmat honyas ayashasvi tharalya. 2005 chya suruvatila british sarkar aanee itaranchya aakshepanantar sampoorn european unionmadhye swastikavar bandee ghalanyacha prayatna ayashasvi jhaala. 2007 chya suruvatila, germanyne european unionche adhyakshapad bhushavale asatana, berlinne prastavit kele qee european unionne german faujdari kayadyache palan kele pahije aanee holocast nakarane aanee swastikasah nazi chinhanchya pradarshanas gunhegari tharavale pahije, jeey asanvaidhanik sanghatana kayadyachya chinhanvaril bandivar aadharit aahe. yamule sampoorn europemadhye hindu gatanni swastikavaril bandichya virodhat virodhi moheem suru kelee. tyanni nidarshanas aanoon dile qee swastik heey shantateche prateek mhanoon sumare 5,000 varshanpasun aahe. 29 janewari 2007 roji berlinne prastavit european unionchya vyapak varnabhedavirodhi kayadyanmadhun swastikavar bandee ghalanyacha prastav kadhoon takala.
united states.
nazi kalatil german zendyanche (kinwa itar konatehi zende) sarvajanik pradarshan amerikechya sanvidhanatil pahilya durustidware sanrakshit aahe, jee abhivyakti swatantryachya adhikarachi hummy dete. sanyukt rajyanchya simevaril pandhya varchasvavadi karyakramanmadhye, sangharajya yuddh dhvajachya bajula nazi "reachscrigsflag" dekhil pradarshit karnyat aale aahe.
2010 madhye manhanivirodhi sanghatnene (aii. dii. ell.) swastikala jyoo dveshache prateek mhanoon tyachya darjavarun khalee utaravat mhatale qee, "aamhala mahit aahe qee kahee lokansathi, swastikane nazivadache prathamik prateek mhanoon tyacha arth gamavala aahe aanee tyaeivaji teey dveshache adhik samanyikrut prateek banale aahe."aii. dii. ell. tyanchya sanketsthalavar nondavate qee heey chinh pandhya varchasvavadi shraddha asalelya vyaktinaivaji alpavayin mulandware anekada" "shock graphiti" "mhanoon vaparale jaate, parantu teey ajunahi american pandhya varchasvavadyanmadhye (visheshtah tattoo design mhanoon) eka pramukh prateek aahe aanee yahudivirodhi hetune vaparale jaate".
austreliya.
2022 madhye nazichya swastikechya pradarshanavar bandee ghalanare victoria heey pahile austreliyan rajya hote. jeey lock jaanunbujun haah kayada modatat tyanna eka varshacha turungwas kinwa 22,000 dollar (12,300 pound; 15,000 dollar) dand bharava lagel.
madhyam.
2010 madhye, microsoftney adhikrutpane first-person shootarchya kheladundware swastikchya vaparaviruddha aavaj uthavala. black ops' madhye, kheladunna tyanna havey teey pratinidhitva karnyasathi tyanche naav tagg sanukoolit karanyachi parvanagi aahe. swastik tayar kele jaau shakate aanee vaparale jaau shakate, parantu exbox live dhoran aanee amalbajavaniche sanchalak stephen tolus mhanale qee, tyanchya navachya tagver chinh asalelya kheladunvar (jarr konee teey ayogya asalyache sangitale tarr) exbox livemadhun bandee ghatali jaeel.
orlando, florida yetheel disney hollywood studiomadhil 'indiana johns stunt netradipak' madhye, german truckveril swastika, viman aanee abhinetyancha ganvesh, 'redder auph daad lost aark' madheel eka drushyachya punarrachanetil 2004 madhye kadhoon taknyat aale. swastikachi jaaga shailibaddha greek crossney ghetali aahe.
swastik heey 'hakenkreuz' vadavivadapeksha vegale aahe.
2000 chya dashakachya suruvatila, anshatah 'swastikah redemptionchya palikade prateek?' yaa pustakachya prakashanachi pratikriya mhanoon?"steven heller yanni hindu, bauddha, sthanik lock, jaine itihaskar, manavvanshashastradnya, bhashashastradnya aanee itar vidvananni" "tyanche" "swastik prateek mhanoon jeey pahile jaat hote teey punha midvinyasathi chalval kelee aahe"... joparyant hitlerne tee chorali nahee."yaa gatancha assa yuktivad aahe qee swastik heey nazi chinhapeksha vegale aahe. yaa yuktivadacha eka mahattvacha bhag yaa vastusthitivar aadharit aahe qee edolph hitlerne germanmadhye lihilelya chinhala hook cross () asey sambodhale aahe.
swastikacha 'punarprapt', 'punarsanchayit' kinwa 'punarmulyankan' karnyachya prayatnanmadhye mukhya adthala haah 1930 chya dashakat nazi pakshane tee swikarlyanantar pashchimatya jagatil anek dashakanchya atyant nakaratmak sambandhatun yeto. tasech, pandhare varchasvavadi gut ajunahi shakti aanee olakhiche prateek mhanoon chinhala chikatoon aahet.
pashchimekadil anek madhyam sanstha dekhil yaa chinhachya nava-nazi vaparache varnan swastik mhanoon karat rahatat, kinwa kahivela yaa madhyam paribhashela virodh karnare gut asha vaparavar bandee ghaloo ichchit naheet, tarr yaa sandarbhat chinhache varnan 'kinwa' hook cross 'mhanoon karnyasathi yahudivirodhi aanee dveshpurn ghatananche coverage badaloo ichchitat.
samkalin vapar.
ashiya.
madhya ashiya.
2005 madhye tajikistanmadhil adhikaanyaanee swastikala rashtriy prateek mhanoon vyapakpane swikaranyache aavahan kele. rashtradhyaksh imomali rahmanov yanni swastik heey aaryanche prateek aanee 2006 heey aary sanskratiche varsh ghoshit kele, jeey 'jaagtik sanskratichya itihasatil aary yogdanancha abhyas aanee lokpriy karanyachi, rashtriy aatmanirnaybhavnene (tajikanchi) eka naveen pidhi nirman karanyachi aanee itar vansh aanee sanskratinshi sakhol sambandh vikasit karanyachi' vel asel.
purv aanee aagney ashiya.
purv ashiyamadhye bauddha math aanee samudayanmadhye swastik prachalit aahe. heey samanyatah bauddha mandire, dharmik kalakruti, bauddha dharmashi sambandhit grunth aanee bauddha dharmik gatanni sthapan kelelya shalanmadhye aadhalate. heey kapad, vastukala aanee vividh sajavatichya vastunvar eka rachana kinwa rachana (ekeri kinwa eka namunyat vinaleli) mhanoon dekhil nasheeb aanee sadbhagyache prateek mhanoon disate. moort pratima hii booan paramparet eka pavitra prateek mhanoon dekhil aadhalate, parantu davya dishene.
anek chiinii dharm guyidao aanee shanrendaosah swastik chinh vapartat. 1922 madhye chinmadhye guidaochi paropkari shakha mhanoon sthapan jhaleli reed swastik society, dusya mahayuddhadarmyan, urvarit jagatil reed crosspramanech, chinmadhye aapatkalin madaticha sarvat motha puravathadar bunley. laal swastik samajane 1954 madhye cheencha mukhya bhoobhag sodoon deela aanee pratham hongkongmadhye aanee nantar taivanmadhye sthayik jhaale. teey laal swastik heey tyanche prateek mhanoon vaparat rahatat.
japanmadhye, swastik heey nakashache prateek mhanoon dekhil vaparale jaate aanee bauddha mandir darshavinyasathi sarvekshan kayada aanee sambandhit japani sarkari niyamandware niyukt kele jaate. adhunmadhun honara vaad aanee paradeshi lokanchya gairsamajamule japanane heey badalanyacha vichar keela aahe. heey chinh kadhikadhi japani kamanchya aantarrashtriy aavrutyanmadhye, jase qee enimemadhye, sensor kele jaate. japanmadhye aanee paradeshat japani madhyamanmadhye yaa chinhachya sensorshipvar bhashan swatantryashi sambandhit adhunmadhun vaad nirman jhaala aahe, sensorshipchya tikakaranni assa yuktivad keela aahe qee teey itihasacha kinwa bhashan swatantryacha aadar karat nahee.
omori prantatil hirosaki shahar yaa chinhala tyacha adhikrut dhwaj mhanoon niyukt karate, jeey ido kalatil hirosaki kshetrache swami tsugaru kulanchya chinhamadhye tyacha vapar kelyamule udbhavale.
indoneshiyatil balichya pramukhyane hindu loksankhyemadhye, mandire, ghare aanee sarvajanik thikani swastik samanya aahe. tyachpramane, myanmar, thayaland aanee kambodiyachya thervad bauddha samudayanmadhil buddhanchya pavalanshi sambandhit swastik hii eka samanya pratima aahe.
bharatiy upkhand.
bhootan, bharat, nepal aanee shrilanket swastik samanya aahe. mandire, vyavasay aanee bauddha granthalaye, ahmedabad stock exchange aanee nepal chamber auph commers yasarkhya itar sanstha, shilp kinwa logomadhye swastika vapartat. dukane, imarati, vahtook vahane aanee kapadyanvar sthit swastika bharatiy aanee nepali samudayanmadhye sarvatra aahet. vivahansarkhya hindu samarambhanmadhye swastik pramukh aahe. tantrik vidhinmadhye davikade tond asalele 'sauvastika' heey chinh aadhalate.
shrilanketil columbo yetheel museyas mahavidhyalay, hii eka bauddha mulinchi shaala aahe, tyanchya shalechya chinhamadhye davya tond asaleli swastik aahe.
bharatat, 'swastik' aanee 'swastik', tyanchya aksharvinyas prakaransah, anukrame purush aanee striyansathi pahili nave aahet, udaharanarth swastik mukerjea. biharchya chinhavar done swastik aahet.
bhutanmadhye, vastushastra, kapad aanee dharmik samarambhanmadhye swastik rachana aadhalate.
europe aanee uttar america.
nava-nazinni tyacha vapar keela.
jagbharatil anek nava-nazi gatanpramanech, american nazi pakshane 1967 madhye tyachya pahilya visargapurvi swastikacha vapar aaplya dhvajacha bhag mhanoon keela. heey chinh sanstheche sansthapak george linken rockwell yanni nivadle hote. rockwellchya sanghatanela labhalelya prasiddhishivay 1983 madhye uttaradhikari sanghatananni tyacha "punha vapar" keela.
vividh pratimashastriy swarupat swastik heey amerikechya shalanmadhye bhittichitra mhanoon vaparat asalelya dveshachya chinhanpaiki eka aahe aanee 1999 chya yuu. ess. shikshan vibhagachya dastaivajat, jiim carness yanni sampadit kelelya, 'shaletil dveshala pratisadah shikshak, sallagar aanee prashaskansathi eka margdarshak' asey varnan kele aahe, jeey asha dveshachya chinhanni lakshya kelelya vidyarthyanna kase samarthan dyave aanee dveshachya bhittichitranna sambodhit kase karave yabaddal shikshakanna sallah dete. dilelya udaharananvarun asey disun yete qee teey bahutekda kuu clucks klansarkhya itar pandhya varchasvavadi chinhambarobarach vaparale jaate aanee tvacheche doke, pandhare varchasvavadi aanee "kahee dakshin africi atireki gut" dware vaparlya jaanarya "teen-blade" bhinnatechi nond qaraa.
estoniyamadhil nava-nazi russian rashtriy ekata gatachi shakha adhikrutpane "kolovrat" yaa navane nondanikrut aahe aanee 2001 madhye tyach navane eka atireki vruttpatra prakashit kele. gunhegari tapasat asey aadhalun aale qee yaa peparmadhye vanshik upnamancha samavesh hota. eka narva rahivashala 'kolovrat' vitareet kelyabaddal eka varshacha turungwas thothavanyat aala. tevhapasoon, donbasmadhil yuddhadarmyanchya karvaisathi olakhala jaanara russian dahashatvadi gut rusich batalian, collovratcha vapar karat aala aahe. 2014 aanee 2015 madhye, ukrainean ezov regimentche sadasya swastika tattoo lavoon disale.
ashiyai vaparacha pashchimatya chukicha arth lavane.
20vya shatkachya shevatapasun aanee 21vya shatkachya suruvatipasun, jevha paramparik jaine, bauddha kinwa hindu chinhe asalelya vaiyaktik-vaparachya vastoo paschimela, visheshtah uttar america aanee europemadhye niryat kelya jaatat aanee kharedidaranni nazi chinh asalelya vastoo mhanoon tyancha arth lavala aahe, tevha gondhal aanee vaad nirman jhaala aahe. yamule asha anek utpadananvar bahishkar taknyat aala aahe kinwa shelfmadhun kadhoon ghenyat aale aahe.
1999 madhye jevha newyorkmadheel linbrook yetheel eka daha varshanchya mulane japanmadhun aayat keleli pokmon carde vikat ghetali, tevha done kardanmadhye davikade tond asaleli bauddha swastik hotee. mulachya palakanni ujavya bajula asalelya nazi swastika mhanoon chinhacha chukicha arth lavala aanee nirmatyakade takrar dakhal kelee. amerikechya nintendone jaheer kele qee card bund kele jaatil, heey spasht karat qee eka sanskratit jeey swikararh hote teey dusya sanskratit asane aavashyak navhate; tyanchya krutiche manhanivirodhi sanghatnene swagat kele, jyanni olakhale qee upman karnyacha konatahi hetu navhata, parantu aantarrashtriy vyaparacha arth assa hota qee "ashiyamadhye [swastik] vegale karane adhik samasya nirman karel."
2002 madhye, canadatil grahakanchya takrarinnantar swastik khelanare plasticche khelani asalele laal panda asalele khrismas fatake kapatatoon kadhoon ghenyat aale. chinmadhye sthit utpadakane sangitale qee heey chinh nazincha sandarbh mhanoon navhe tarr paramparik arthane sadar kele gele hote aanee aantar-sanskrutik mishranabaddal grahakanchi maafee magitali.
2020 madhye, kirkol vikretya shinane soshal mediavaril pratikriya midalyanantar tyachya sanketsthalavarun davya bajula asalelya swastik latkakacha haar kadhala. kirkol vikretyane sanvedansheelatechya abhavabaddal maafee magitali parantu swastik heey bauddha prateek asalyache namood kele.
naveen dharmik chalvali.
hindu dharm, bauddha dharm aanee jaine dharmat dharmik prateek mhanoon tyacha vapar karnyavyatirikt, jeey purv-aadhunik paramparanmadhye shodhale jaau shakate, aadhunik kalat sthapan jhalelya mothya sankhyene naveen dharmik chalvalinche anuyayi dekhil swastik vapartat.
theosophy.
1880 chya dashakat, yuu.ess.-moolchya theosophical samajane tyachya shikkacha bhag mhanoon eka swastik sweekarle, jyat ome, devidcha shatkruti kinwa taara, akh aanee oroboros yancha samavesh hota. alikadil rallion chalvalipeksha vegale, theosophical societyche chinh vadanpasoon mukt aahe aanee shikka ajunahi vaparla jaato. sadhyachya shikkyat 'satyapeksha motha konatahi dharm nahee' haah majkoor dekhil samavisht aahe."
rallism.
railean chalval, jyache anuyayi asey manatat qee pargrahvasi lokanni pruthvivaril serve jeev nirman kele, teey eka prateek vapartat jeey anekada mothya vadache kaaran asateh devidcha eka parasparsambandhit taara aanee swastik. reliyan mhanatat qee devidcha taara antaralat anantateche pratinidhitva karato tarr swastik haah kalmanat anantateche pratinidhitva karato aanee velecha ant nasato aanee serve kahee chakriy asate. 1991 madhye, holocostchya piditanchya sanmanarth swastik kadhoon taknyasathi chinh badalanyat aale, parantu 2007 paryant teey tyachya mool swarupat punarsanchayit karnyat aale aahe.
anand marg.
tantravar aadharit naveen dharmik chalval anand marg (devnagarih anand marg, mhanje 'aanandacha marg') hii rallion lokansarkhich eka rachana vaparte, parantu tyanchya babatit devidcha spasht taara mhanje yahudi sanskraticha konatahi vishisht sandarbh nasalele trikon chhedane ashee vyakhya kelee jaate.
falun gong.
falun gong kigong chalval eka chinh vaparte jyat yinn-aanee-yang chinhanni vikhuralelya chaar lahan (aanee golakar) swastikanni vedhalela eka motha swastik aahe.
ushnataman.
thore aanee runschya hatodyabarobarach swastik heey neopagon german vanshamadhye eka pavitra prateek aahe. scandinavia, germany aanee itaratra aadhalanari hii parampara, swastik suryachya norse chinhavarun vyutpann jhalyache manate. tyanni chinh vaparlyamule lokanni tyanchyavar nava-nazi gut asalyacha aarop keela aahe.
baltic neopagnism.
yugunscrusts' ('phayar cross') laa latvhiyatil baltic neopagnism chalvali diveturiba aanee lithuaniatil romuwa vapartat.
slavic sthanik shraddha.
swastikacha eka prakar, aparamparik aath-sashastr 'kolovrat' (, shabdasha 'firnare chaak'), heey neopagon slavic mool shraddhemadhe (aaa.keey.aaa. rodnauvery).
1990 chya dashakachya suruvatila, majee bandkhor aanee russian nava-murtipujakvadachya sansthapakanpaiki eka asalelya alexey dobrovolskine pratham nazi chinhasarkhech asalelya chaar-beam swastikala 'kolovrat' heey naav dile aanee nantar heey naav aath-beam aayatakruti swastikat hastantarit kele. itihaskar aanee dharmik vidwan roman shizensky yanchya matey, dobrovolsky yanni ahnerbeche pahile pramukh nazi vicharvant herman virth yanchya 'daad chronicle auph orah linda' yaa granthatoon swastikchi kalpana ghetali.
alexey dobrovolskine aath-beam 'collovrat' chee olakh 'punarutthanshil murtipujakateche prateek' mhanoon karoon dilee."tyanni collovratchya yaa aavruttila suryache murtipujak chinh manale aanee 1996 madhye, tyala" "zid yoke" "viruddhachya tadjod naan kelelya" "rashtriy mukti chalvaliche" "prateek ghoshit kele". dobrovolskichya matey, "kolovrat" chaa arth purnapane nazi swastikchya arthashi julato.