
pieter twin

pieter phrank george twin (9 janewari 1916-29 aktoobar 2004) heey eka british ganitshastradnya, dusya mahayuddhatil kodbreaker aanee kitakshastradnya hote. jee. see. andd see. ess. madhye bharati honare teey pahile vyavsayik ganitshastradnya hote. 1943 pasoon iskache pramukh, 100,000 hoon adhik abvehar sampreshananchi decrypt karnyasathi jababdar asalele unit.
prarambhik jeevan aanee shikshan.
dakshin londonchya streatham yethe janmalele twin heey tapal khatyachya varishtha adhikaanyaache putra hote. manchester vyakaran shaala aanee dulwich mahavidhyalayat shikshan ghetalyanantar, tyanni oxfordchya brasinose mahavidhyalayatun ganitachi padvi ghetali. bhautikshastrat padvyuttar shikshan ghenyasathi tyanna shishyavrutti midali.
cryptography.
jee. see. andd see. ess. madhye sameel honare twin heey pahile vyavsayik ganitshastradnya hote. 1939 chya suruvatila, tyanni eka jahirat pahilyanantar, blechley parkmadhye jaanyapurvi pratham londonmadhye kaam karoon arj keela. tyane dealy nox aanee alaan turing yanchyasobat german enigma sifersver kaam kele. 1942 chya suruvatila teey abvehar enigma vibhagache pramukh banale.
jee. see. aanee see. ess. madhye bharati.
bhautikshastracha abhyas karananya padvyuttar shishyavruttichya madhyabhagi asatana tyanni sarkari nokarichi jahirat pahili. "mea thoda aswasth hoto", tyala aathavate. "mea majhi vidyapithachi padvi purn kelee hotee aanee mallah kaay karave heey neat samajalele navhate."jahiratinvarun asey soochit jhaale qee teey ganitshastradnya shodhat hote, parantu tyat aanakhi kaay samavisht hote yabaddal aspasht hote.
munich kararanantarchya tyaa asthir kalat, pramukh european shaktinmadhil aantarrashtriy sambandh tanavpurn aanee tanalele hote.
"tyanni mallah hii nokri varshala 275 poundchya sansthanachya vetanavar deu kelee, mallah vatate, jeey mallah theek vatale aanee dealy noxshee olakh karoon denyachya pahilya divashi mallah sobat nenyat aale."tyane alfried dilwyn (" "dilly" ") noxcha sahayyak mhanoon suruvat kelee, jyane jee. see. andd see. ess. madheel kodbrekarchya chamooche netrutva kele".
eka vilakshan parantu tejaswi patra, dealy nox heey goodh sanketik sanketiktevar kaam karnare pahile british kodbreaker hote. bahutek jee. see. aanee see. ess. tadnyanpramanech teey abhijat kalakar hote. parantu, yuddh suru hotach, jee. see. andd see. ess. neey ganitshastradnya, tasech buddhibal kheladu aanee shabdalekhan tadnyanna niyukt karnyas suruvat kelee. twin heey pratyakshat yaa sanghat sameel honare pahile ganitshastradnya hote.
noxcha tyachya naveen bharati kelelya lokanna kholvar taknyavar vishvas hota. tyala jaaun pudhe jaanyas sangnyapurvi tyane julya muleela fakt paach minitanche prashikshan dile.
yuddhachya purvasandhyela.
german lashkari goodh sandesh vachanare twin heey pahile british guptalekhankar hote, jyanni julai 1939 madhye polish guptalekhan vishleshkankadun mahattvapoorn mahitee midavali hotee. twin mhanale qee, "haah eka kshullak sarav hota, parantu mea visavya velee punaravrutti karato, mallah shrey milat nahee."
julai 1939 madhye jee. see. andd see. ess. londonhoon blechley parkmadhye sthalantarit jhaale. udyanatil haveli karmchari vaparat asat, parantu yuddhadarmyan jee. see. aanee see. ess. sathee kaam karananya mothya sankhyene lokanna samavoon ghenyasathi itar anek imarati bandhavya lagalya. yaa tatpuratya imarati 'zopadya' mhanoon olakhalya jaat hotya.
dusare mahayuddha.
goodh.
heey goodh yantra 1919 salche hote, jevha dutch manus hugo alekzandar koch yane eka shodhache paytant ghetale jyala tyane gupt lekhan yantra mhatale. lavkarach arther sherbius haah eka abhiyanta yaa aanee tatsam yantrancha prayog karat hota aanee rottercha vapar karananya encryption yantrambaddal utsahi jhaala. tyane tyanchi shifaras viennamadhil institute auph criminologyche sanchalak siegfried turkel yanchyakade kelee, jyanna dekhil tyanchyat rus padala.
darmyan, vyavsayik vaparasathi aapale encryption machine vikanyachya aashene kochane eka company sthapan kelee hotee; eka gairsoy mhanje sankhya shabdat lihavi lagali. udhyoganna rus navhata, parantu 1926 madhye german naudalane koch yantrakade pahile. varishtha adhikari yamule prabhavit jhaale aanee tyanni mothya sankhyene magani kelee. enigma navachya yantrachi kharedi katekorpane gupt thewali gelee.
aksharmaletil serve akshare asalele, tanklekhan yantravar vaparlya jaananya keyboards, goodh yantra guntaguntiche hote. 26 aksharanpaiki pratyek teen rotarpaiki ekashi vidyut paddhatine jodali gelee hotee, pratyek aksharala eka ring dilee gelee hotee. pratyek ringmadhye varnamalatil 26 akshare dekhil hotee. rotarmadhun 26 prajjvalit aksharanparyant pudhil vidyut jodanya pohochalya.
jevha ekhada operator, ekhadya sandeshache sanketan karoon, eka killi dabato, tevha yantratoon vidyut pravah jaato aanee rotter yantrikaritya valatat, parantu eksandh hott naheet. pratyek velee jevha killi dhakalali jaat asey, tevha pahila rotter eka akshar firvat asey. pahilya rotarne sampoorn kranti hoiparyant heey 26 vela ghadale. mug dusra rotter firayala suruvat hoil. aanee asech.
jevha killi dabali jaat asey, tevha sanketik aksharanchya mage eka prakash chaloo hott asey, joou nehmi sadhya majkuratil mool aksharapeksha vegala asato. prakashit akshare code kelela sandesh banavtat.
pranali ulatya paddhatine kaam karat hotee. sipher sandesh decode karnari vyakti samaan settings eka goodh vaparel. jevha tyane sanketik akshar dabale, tevha mool sadhya majkoor sandeshatil patra ujalale. prakashit akshare mool sandesh banavtat.
code todane adhik katheen karnyasathi, pratyek rotter baher kadhale jaau shakate aanee vegalya kramane badalale jaau shakate. tasech, rotarvareel rings darroj vegalya kramane thevata yetat-udaharanarth, eka divashi pahila rotter b varr, dusya divashi f varr aanee asech pudhe seet karata yete.
goodhatechya lashkari aavruttimadhye junya durdhvani switchboardpramane plugboard denyat aala hota. yamule akshare rotarmadhye pravesh karnyapurvi aanee tyanna sodalyanantar, donhikade atirikt badal karata aale. plug boardmadhye 26 chhidre hotee. taar aanee plug vaparoon jodani kelee jaat hotee. teen rotters aanee samaja, plug boardshee jodalelya aksharanchya sahaa jodyansah, varnamaleche 105,456 vegvegale sanyojan asel.
december 1938 madhye german lokanni atirikt rotter (sahaa paryant) jodale aanee sanyojananchi sankhya lakshaniyaritya vadhali. german lokancha assa vishvas hota qee tyanchya sarvat atyadhunik goodh yantranvar pathavalele sandesh itake changle coded hote qee teey decode kele jaau shakat naheet. pann twin aanee tyachya sahakanyanni tyanna chukiche siddha kele.
blechalimadhye sumare 10,000 lock kaam karat hote. mukhya gut haah goodh yantra todanyacha prayatna karananya gupt vishleshakanchi chhoti sankhya hotee; suruvatila, yaa gatat daha peksha jaast lock navhate, jyanchyakade nox aanee twinn prabhari hote.
1920 aanee 1930 chya dashakat british kodbreaker heey donhinpaiki modane sope asalelya goodhatechya vyavsayik aavruttivar kaam karat hote aanee tyanni lashkari aavrutti todanyat barich pragati kelee hotee. pann twin aanee tyache sahkari adavale gele kaaran teey goodh killi konatya kramane tarbaddh kelya hotya heey tharvu shakale naheet.
julai 1939 madhye, yuddh suru honyachya eka mahina aadhi, nox aanee itar kahijananni polandacha pravas keela. polandache guptalekhanshastradnya, jyapaiki kahee hushar hote, tyanni tyanchya british sahakaanyaankade pratikruti yantransah goodhatebaddalchi mahattvachi mahitee supurd kelee.
britishanna aadhalale qee goodh yantre varnanukramanusar wired keleli hotih aaa teey pahilya samparkasathi, buub teey dusyaparyant, aanee asech. paytant arjashi jodalelya aakrutimadhye dilela haah aadesh hota. pann twin aanee tyachya sahakanyanna heey karane itake spasht vatale qee konihi teey prayatna karnyasarkhe manale nahee.
1940 chya suruvatila twinnane gudhatemadhye pahila break ghetala. jarr tyanni paytant arjamadhye tapshilvar varnanukramik pranalicha prayatna keela asata tarr heey khoop aadhi kele jaau shakale asate.
german encoded lashkari sandesh vachanyachi kshamata mitrarashtranna yuddh jinkanyat amoolya madat karat asey. heey mukhyatve twin, nox, alaan turing (jeey nantar krutrim buddhimatteche janak banale) aanee itaranchya blechley parkmadhil prayatnanmule sadhya jhaale. turing yaa eka hushar ganitshastradnyane 'bomb' navache eka yantra vikasit kele, jyane chachani aanee trutidvare arth kadhanyachya prakriyes gatee dilee-kodbrekarsathi eka mahattvapoorn vikas.
german naudal goodh.
german naudalacha goodh bhang karnyasathi twinne turingsobat kaam kele. tyanchya yashamule german yuu-boaty talhanyasathi mitrapakshanchya tukadyanna madat jhaali.
guptachar seva nox.
aktoobar 1941 madhye, dilly noxney abveharcha goodhprashna sodavala. abvehar sampreshan decrypt karnyasathi guptachar seva nox (isk) chee sthapana karnyat aalee. 1942 chya suruvatila, nox gambhir aajari asalyane, twinne dhavnyachya iskacha badal keela aanee noxchya mrutyunantar tyala pramukh mhanoon niyukt karnyat aale. yuddhachya akheris, iskane 140,800 sandeshanche decrypt aanee prasar keela hota.
yaa abvehar decryptsmadhun midavalelya gupt mahiteene emm. aay. 5 aanee emm. 16 dware duheri-cross operationsche yash sunishchit karnyat aanee operation dhairyamadhye, dii-dechya sumaras german lokanchi fasavanuk karnyachya mitrapakshanchya mohimemadhye mahattvachi bhoomika bajavali.
yuddhanantarchi karkird.
1960 chya dashakachya uttaradhat tantradnyan mantralayat hovercraftche sanchalak mhanoon, yuddhanantar anek vibhaganmadhye twinne sarkari kaam suru thewale. nantar teey farnbero yetheel shahee viman aasthapaneche sachiv jhaale. 1970 chya dashakachya suruvatila teey naisargik paryavaran sanshodhan parishadeche dusare sachiv hote. 1980 chya vadhadivsachya sanmanarth tyanchi see. bii. eae. mhanoon niyukti karnyat aalee.
click beetalchya udee marnyachya yantranet london vidyapithatun doctorate midvat, twinla kitakshastrat rus vatoo lagla. tyanni 'aii provisional atlus auph daad longhorn beatle (collioptera serambichide)' (1999) yaa anek bhring prajatinchya vitaranacha abhyas saha-lekhak mhanoon keela.
twinla sangitachi aavad hotee aanee too clarinet aanee viol vajavat asey. twinnane 1944 madhye rossmond kesashi vivah keela, jyala too sangitatil tyachya ruchimule blechley parkmadhye bhetala hota; tyanna eka mulga aanee teen mulee hotya.