
anoo resha filter

anoo resha filter (aii. ell. eff.) haah eka adhik prabhavi optical band-paas filter aahe joou vidyutchumbakiy kiranotsargache achookata, achookata aanee kiman signal shaktichya nuksanasah filter karnyasathi bhautik vidnyanat vaparla jaato. anoo resha filter heey anoo vafechya shoshan kinwa anunad reshandvare karya karatat aanee mhanoon tyanna anoo anunad filter (aii. aar. eff.) dekhil sambodhale jaau shakate.
atomic line filterche teen pramukh prakar mhanje shoshan-punar-utsarjan alphs, farrade filter aanee voigt filter. shoshan-punar-utsarjan filter haah pahila prakar vikasit karnyat aala hota aanee mhanoon tyanna samanyatah fakt 'anoo resha filter' mhanatat; itar done prakaranna samanyatah visheshtah 'farrade filter' kinwa 'voigt filter' mhanoon sambodhale jaate. anurekha filter vegvegalya anuprayogansathi vegvegalya yantrana aanee rachana vapartat, parantu teech moolbhut ranniti nehmich vaparali jaateh dhatuchya vafetil shoshan kinwa anunadanchya arund reshancha fayda ghet, prakashachi vishisht varanvarta filterchya malikela bipass karate jee itar serve prakashala avarodhit karate.
anoo resha filter heey lock-inn emplifiersche optical samatulya manale jaau shakatat; teey vaidnyanik anuprayoganmadhye vaparale jaatat jyat naroband signal (jawaljawal nehmich lesar prakash) chey prabhavi shodh aavashyak asate jeey anyatha broadband strotandvare aspasht kele jaeel, jase qee divasacha prakash. lesar imaging detection andd renjingmadhye (lidar) tyancha niyamitpane vapar keela jaato aanee lesar sampreshan pranalinmadhye tyanchya sambhavya vaparasathi tyancha abhyas keela jaat aahe. anoo resha filter heey interfearence filter aanee light filter yasarkhya paramparik astarak optical filterpeksha shreshth asatat, parantu tyanchi adhik guntagunt tyanna keval parshvabhoomi-maryadit shodhat vyavharik banavate, jithe majboot parshvabhoomi dadapatana kamkuvat signal aadhalato. italonchya tulanet, aanakhi eka uchch darjache optical filter, farrade filter lakshaniyaritya majboot aahet aanee prati unit sumare 15,000 americi dollarchya darane sahaa putt swast asoo shakatat.
itihas.
anoo resha filtercha purvavarti infrared quantum counter hota, jyachi rachana 1950 chya dashakat nicolas bloombergenne kelee hotee. atishay qamee aavajasah infrared radiation shodhanyasathi joseph webarne siddha kelela haah eka quantum yantrik pravardhak hota. ksh-kiran aanee gamma kiran pravardhkansathi shoonya utsfurt utsarjan aadhich shakya hote aanee webarne heey tantradnyan infrared spectrummadhye aananyacha vichar keela. bloombergenne asha yantrache tapshilvar varnan kele aanee tyala 'infrared quantum counter' asey naav dile.
yaa upkarananche madhyam sankraman dhatoo aayan ashuddhatesah sphatik hote, jeey qamee-urja prakash shoshun ghetat aanee drishyaman shreneet punha utsarjit karatat. 1970 chya dashkaparyant, infrared electromagnetic radiation shodhanyasathi anoo vafechya quantum countermadhye anoo vafecha vapar keela jaat hota, kaaran tyaa vaparlelya dhatuche kshar aanee sphatikanpeksha shreshth asalyache aadhalun aale hote.
infrared emplificationmadhye aataparyant vaparleli tattve nishkriy soodiyam alfmadhye ekatra thewali gelee. hii rachana aanee jyanni lagech tiche anusaran kele teey adim hote aanee tyanna qamee pariman karyakshamta aanee santh pratisad velecha tras sahan karava lagla. hii alfschee mool rachana asalyane, anek sandarbh visheshtah shoshan-punar-utsarjan bandhkamache varnan karnyasathi keval 'anoo resha filter' heey padd vapartat. 1977 madhye, jailbwox, clain aanee vesal yanni pahila sakriy anoo resha filter tayar keela.
1978chya kahee kalapurvi vikasit kelele farrade filter, tyaa kalatil shoshan-punar-utsarjan anoo resha filterpeksha "lakshaniy sudharana" hote. james etch. dware paytant kelele voigt filter. menders aanee erich jeey. 26 august 1992 roji korewar adhik pragat jhaale. voigt filter adhik sankshipt hote aanee "kayamswarupi chumbkasah vaparnyasathi sahajpane rachana kelee jaau shakate". 1996 paryant, lidarsathi farrade filtercha vapar keela jaat hota.
malmatta.
anoo resha filterchi tantrik vyakhya mhanje "atee-arund-patti, motha-sweekar-coone, samasthanik optical filter". "ultra-narrow-band" hii frequencychi patal shreni paribhashit karate jee alf swikaru shakate; alfmadhye samanyatah 0.001 nanometerchya kramane passband asato. anoo reshechya galkanmadhye dekhil vyapak sweekruti coone (180° chya jawal) asatat heey upkarananche aanakhi eka mahattvache vaishishtya aahe; paravartak kinwa apavartak tharanchya antaravar aadharit paramparik astarak galak jevha prakash eka konatoon pravesh karato tevha tyanche prabhavi antar badaltat.
achook mapdand (tapman, chumbakeey kshetrachi takad, lambi ii.)) konatyahi filterche vishisht anuprayogashi julavun ghetale jaau shakate. pranalichya atyant guntaguntimule hii moolye sangankandware mojali jaatat.
input/output.
anoo resha filter vidyutchumbakiy varnpatatil atinil, drishyaman aanee infrared pradeshat karya karoo shakatat. shoshan-punar-utsarjan alfsmadhye, filter karya karnyasathi prakashachi varanvarta halavali jaane aavashyak aahe aanee nishkriy upkaranat, hii shift qamee varanvartevar asane aavashyak aahe (i.eae. laal badal) fakt urja sanvardhanamule. yacha arth assa qee nishkriy filter kvachitach infrared prakashasah kaam karoo shakatat, kaaran output frequency avyavaharikdrushtya qamee asel. jarr photomultiplier tube (pii. emm. tii. ess.) vaparlya gelya asateel tarr "aar. eff. chee output taranglambi varnakrameey pradeshat asali pahije jyamadhye vyavsayik, mothya kshetrachya, dirghkal tikananya pii. emm. tii. chee [ess. aay. see.] jastit jaast sanvedansheelata asate". asha paristhitit, sakriy alfsna nishkriy alfspeksha fayda hoil kaaran teey adhik sahajpane, "uv jawalil, jyaa varnakrameey pradeshat suvikasit photocathodeschi tyanchi sarvoch sanvedansheelata asate, tyaa bhagat utpadan taranglambi nirman kartil".
nishkriy alfmadhye, input frequency jawaljawal agadi vafechya peshinchya naisargik shoshan reshanshi sambandhit asane aavashyak aahe. sakriy arfs adhik lavchik asatat, tathapi, vaphela uttejit kele jaau shakate jenekarun teey prakashachya itar varanvarta shoshun ghetil.
farrade aanee voigt filter signal prakashachi varanvarta kinwa taranglambi badalat naheet.
pratisad vel aanee prasaran darr.
shoshan-punar-utsarjan anoo resha filtercha pratisad vel thet prakashachya strotakadun praptakartyakade prasarit honanya darachya mahitivar parinam karato. tyamule, kiman pratisad vel haah yaa alfscha eka mahattvacha gunadharm aahe. asha alfcha pratisad vel, mukhyatve vafechya peshitil uttejit anoonchya utsfurt kshayavar avalambun asato. 1988 madhye, jairie jailbwox yanni uddhrut kele, "vishisht jalad utsfurt utsarjanacha vel ~ 30 ns aahe, jeey soochit karate qee mahitichya daravaril kamal maryada andaje 30 megahertz aahe".
alfscha pratisad vel qamee karnyachya anek paddhati vikasit kelya gelya aahet. 1980 chya dashakachya uttaradhatahi, vafechya peshinchya electronchya kshayala utprerit karnyasathi kahee vayuncha vapar keela gela. 1989 madhye, erich korevarne tyachi vegwan alf rachana vikasit kelee hotee, jyat prakashsanvedanshil pattyanshivay utsarjit pratidipti aadhalali. asha paddhatincha vapar kelyane, gigahertz frequency sahajpane prapt karata yetat.
parinamkarak.
karyakshamta.
anoo resha filter heey swabhavikpane atishay karyaksham filter asatat, samanyatah tyanche 'kyu' ghatak 105 teey 106 chya shreneet asalyane 'ultra-hye-kyu' mhanoon vargikrut kele jaatat. yache anshatah kaaran, "cross polarisers"... 10−5 "peksha changlya nakar gunottarasah parshvabhoomicha prakash avarodhit karnyasathi seva dya. tharavik farrade filtercha passband kahee ghzed asoo shakato. farrade filterche ekoon utpadan ekoon input prakashachya tivratechya sumare 50 takke asoo shakate. haravalela prakash apoorn lains, filter aanee khidkyandware paravartit kinwa shoshala jaato.
band-paas.
anoo resha filtercha band-paas samanyatah vafechya peshichya doppler profilechya barobaricha asato, frequencychi naisargik shreni jyavar vafechi peshi shuddha prakash strotadvare uttejit hoil. doppler profile mhanje bashp peshidvare tyachya aushnik gatimule utsarjit honanya doppler sthanantarit kiranotsargachya varnpatanchi rundi. qamee tapmanat mothya anoonsathi heey moolya qamee asate, hii pranali adhik aadarsh manali jaate.
ashee kahee paristhiti aahe jithe asey hott nahee aanee sankraman reshechi rundi doppler profilepeksha mothee karane isht aahe. udaharanarth, vegane gatee vadhavna vastoocha magova ghetana, alfchya band-pasmadhye tyat paravartit prakashachi kamal aanee kiman moolye samavisht asane aavashyak aahe. band-paas vadhavanyasathi swikarlelya paddhatimadhye vafechya peshimadhye nishkriy vayoo thevane samavisht aahe. haah vayoo donhi varnakrameey resha rund karato aanee galakacha pareshan darr vadhavato.
aavajache srot.
tyanchya serve karyakshamatesathi, anoo resha filter paripoorn nasatat; dilelya pranalimadhye truti kinwa "aavaj" chey anek srot asatat. heey vidyutchumbakiy kiranotsarg mhanoon filterchya karyasheel prakriyepasoon aanee signal prakashachya tivratepasun swatantrapane prakat hotat. truticha eka srot mhanje alfche aanee tyachya aatale aushnik vikiran. kahee aushnik kiranotsarg thet filtermadhun yeto aanee dusya broad band filterchya bandpasschya aat asato. jarr filter infrared shreneet outputsathi design kele gele asel tarr adhik aavaj nirman hoto, kaaran bahutek aushnik kiranotsarg tyaa spectrummadhye asel. heey utsarjan vaphela uttejit karoo shakate aanee prathamatah shodhanyacha prayatna kareet asalele vikiran tayar karoo shakate.
sakriy anoo resha filter nishkriy filterpeksha aavaj nirman karanyachi shakyata jaast asate kaaran sakriy filtermadhye konatihi "avastha nivadakta" nasate; pumping srot chukun chukichya prakashane marlelya anoonna gambhir urja pataliparyant uttejit karoo shakato, jyamule utsfurtapane kiranotsarg hoto.
itar truti anoo shoshan/anunad reshanmule houu shakatat jyaa lakshyit naheet parantu tarihi sakriy aahet. jaree bahutek "jawalche" sankraman 10 nanometerpeksha jaast antaravar asale (broad-band filterdware avarodhit karnyasathi purese), taree lakshya shoshan reshechi bareek aanee atee sookshm rachana prakashachi chukichi varanvarta shoshun gheu shakate aanee tyanna output sensarmadhye pathvu shakate.
sambandhit ghatana.
anoo resha filtermadhye kiranotsargacha sapala lagalyane karypradarshanavar aanee tyamule alfchya tuningwar gambhir parinam houu shakato. 1970 chya dashakat aanee 1980 chya dashakachya suruvatila anoo resha filterchya mool abhyasat, 'signal bandwidthcha motha atiaakalan' hota. nantar, kiranotsarg sapalyacha abhyas keela gela, tyache vishleshan kele gele aanee tyacha hishob karnyasathi alphs anukool kele gele.
serve anoo resha filtermadhye, vafechya peshi anunad reshanchi sthitee aanee rundi heey sarvat mahatvache gunadharm aahet. tivra parinam aanee zeeman vibhajanane, bases shoshan resha bareek reshanmadhye "vibhajit" kelya jaau shakatat. "stark aanee zeeman tuning... detectorla tune karnyasathi vaparale jaau shakate."parinami, vidyut aanee chumbakeey kshetranchya hatalanimule filterchya itar gunadharmanmadhye badal houu shakato (i.eae. passband halavane).
prakar.
shoshan-punar-utsarjan.
shoshan-punar-utsarjan anoo resha filter prakashachi ichchit taranglambi shoshun ghete aanee broadband filterla vagalanara prakash utsarjit karate. nishkriy shoshan-punar-utsarjan alfsmadhye, uchch-paas filter serve qamee-urja yenanya prakashala avarodhit karate. vafechi peshi sanket shoshun ghete, jee vafechya patal shoshan resheshi julate aanee peshiche anoo uttejit hotat. bashp peshi nantar qamee varanvartevar pratidipti houn sanket prakash punha utsarjit karate. loow-paas filter fluorescent prakashachya varanvartechya varche vikiran rokhate. sakriy alfmadhye, yaa anoonna uttejit karnyasathi optical kinwa vidyut pumpingcha vapar keela jaato jenekarun teey vegvegalya tarangalambicha prakash shoshun ghetat kinwa utsarjit karatat. sakriy alfsasathi, paramparik filterchya itar pranalinchi aavashyakta asoo shakate.
farrade filter.
farrade filter, magnetto-optical filter, fadoff kinwa ephadoff (uttejit farrade dispersive optical filter) heey vafechya peshitoon jaananya prakashache dhruvikaran firvoon karya karate. heey paribhraman tyachya anoo shoshan reshanchya jawal farrade prabhav aanee visangati prasaranadvare hote. vafechya anunad varanvartevar keval prakash firavala jaato aanee dhruvikrut plates itar vidyutchumbakiy kiranotsarg rokhatat. haah prabhav zeeman prabhavashi kinwa chumbakeey kshetrachya upasthitit anoo shoshan reshanchya vibhajanashi sambandhit aahe aanee vadhavala aahe. vafechya anunad varanvartevar prakash tyachya mool samarthyachya jawal parantu orthogonal dhruvikaranasaha phedofmadhun baher padato.
farrade prabhav niyantrit karananya niyamanche palan karoon, lakshyit kiranotsargache paribhraman heey chumbakeey kshetrachi takad, vafechya peshichi rundi aanee peshichya tapmanavar, prakashachya tarangalambivar aanee kadhikadhi kshetrachya tivratevar avalambun asalelya (verdate sthirank) peshitil vafechya thet pramananusar asate. heey naate khaleel samikaranadvare darshavile jaateh
voigt filter.
voigt filter haah eka farrade filter aahe jyache chumbakeey kshetra prakashachya dishene aanee dhruvikrut plateschya dhruvikaranasathi 45° varr lumb mhanoon halavale jaate. voigt filtermadhye, vafechi peshi ardh lahari plate mhanoon karya karate, pratyek voigt prabhavanusar eka dhruvikaranala 180° neey mandavate.
samanya ghatak.
anoo resha filterchya aadhi eka collimator asoo shakato, joou urvarit filtermadhun satatyane jaanyasathi aapatkalin prakash kirananche saralkaran karato; tathapi, collimated prakash nehmich aavashyak nasato. collimatornanter, eka uchch-paas filter yenanya prakashachya jawaljawal ardhya bhagala (khoop lamb tarangalambicha) avarodhit karato. farrade aanee voigt filtermadhye, prakash rokhanyasathi yethe pahili dhruvikaran plate vaparali jaate.
anoo resha filtermadhil pudhil ghatak mhanje waf peshi; heey serve anoo resha filtersathi samanya aahe. too ektar aapatkalin prakash shoshun gheto aanee punha utsarjit karato kinwa farrade kinwa voigt prabhavadvare tyache dhruvikaran firvato. vafechya peshichya nantar eka loow-paas filter asato, jyachi rachana pahilya filterne naan kelela serve prakash avarodhit karnyasathi kelee jaate, fluorescencemadhun aalelya prakashachi niyukt varanvarta vagalata. farrade aanee voigt filtermadhye, yethe dusari dhruvikaran plate vaparali jaate.
itar pranali vyavhariktesathi urvarit anoo resha filterchya sanyogane vaparlya jaau shakatat. udaharanarth, pratyaksh farrade filtermadhye vaparale jaanare dhruvikaran bahutek kiranotsarg rokhat nahee, kaaran heey dhruvikaran keval maryadit tarangalambichya pradeshavar karya karate... farrade filterchya sanyogane broad band interference filtercha vapar keela jaato. hastakshep filtercha passband vastavik filterchya 200 putt asoo shakato. prakash-gunak nalya dekhil, anekada, utpadan sanketachi tivrata vaparnyayogya pataliparyant vadhavanyasathi vaparlya jaatat. himskhalan photomultiplier, jeey adhik karyaksham aahet, teey pii. emm. tii. aivaji vaparale jaau shakatat.
waf peshi.
pratyek prakarchya alfachi pratyek amalbajavani vegali asali taree, pratyekatil vafechi peshi tulanene samaan asate. filtermadhil vafechya peshinche thermodynamic gunadharm kaljipurvak niyantrit kele jaatat kaaran teey filterche mahatvache guna nirdharit karatat, udaharanarth chumbakeey kshetrachi aavashyak takad. magneshiyam fluoridesarkhya samgripasoon banavalelya done qamee-paravartan khidkyandware yaa vafechya kakshat prakash takala jaato aanee baher takala jaato. peshichya itar bajoo konatyahi apardarshak samgrichya asoo shakatat, jaree samanyatah ushnata-pratirodhak dhatoo kinwa siremikcha vapar keela jaato kaaran waf samanyatah 100°seey. chya varchya tapmanat thewali jaate.
bahutek alf vafechya peshi tyanchya uchch vafechya dabamule kshariy dhatuncha vapar karatat; anek kshariy dhatunmadhye dekhil ichchit varnapatat shoshan resha aanee anunad asatat. soodiyam, potassium aanee cesium heey samanya vafechya peshiche padarth aahet. neonsarkhya dhatoo-rahit vafecha vapar keela jaau shakato heey lakshat ghya. suruvatichya quantum countermadhye sfatikanmadhye ghan avasthetil dhatuche aayan vaparale jaat asalyane, asey madhyam aajchya alfmadhye vaparale jaau shakate heey kalpana karnyayogya aahe. yaa kshamatetil anoo vafechya shreshthatemule heey kele jaat nahee.
anuprayog.
anoo resha filter bahutek vela lidar aanee lesar tracking aanee shodhanyachya itar vyayamanmadhye vaparale jaatat, tyanchya divasachya prakashala filter karnyachya aanee kamkuvat, arund pattyache sanket prabhavipane olakhanyachya kshamatesathi; tathapi, tyancha vapar pruthvichya aushnik parshvabhoomila filter karnyasathi, pratijaivikanchi karyakshamta mojanyasathi aanee samanya galan anuprayogansathi keela jaau shakato.
lesar tracking aanee sampreshan.
anoo resha filtershivay, lesar tracking aanee sampreshan katheen asoo shakate. samanyatah, tivra charge-coupled device camerey sadhya astarak optical filterchya (udaa.jee. antaravaril lesar utsarjan shodhanyasathi) hastakshep filter. tivra see. see. dii. akaryaksham asatat aanee drishyaman varnpatamadhye spandit lesar pareshan vaparane aavashyak asate. alfchya utkrusht galan pranalisah, satat tarang lesarsah tivra nasalelya see. see. dii. chaa vapar adhik karyakshamatene keela jaau shakato. "paramparikpane filter kelelya lesar receiverschya parshvabhoomi nakarnyamadhye sudharana karnyasathi sumare 0.001 nmchya passbands [anoo resha filter] vikasit kele gele aahet". nantarchya pranalicha ekoon urja vapar aadhichya pranalipeksha "30 teey 35 putt qamee" aahe, mhanoon alfs antaral-aadharit, panyakhalil aanee chapal lesar sampreshan prastavit aanee vikasit kele gele aahe.
lidar.
lidarmadhye vatavaranachya sambandhit bhaganvar, jethe prakash mage vikhurlela asato, tyaa thikani agni lesar asatat. dopplerchya badalansathi paravartit lesar beemche vishleshan karoon, vaachaa veg aanee lakshya pradeshatil vaayachya disha mojalya jaau shakatat. asha prakare aushnik rachana, dainandin/ardh-dainandin bharati aanee mesopause pradeshatil hangami badalancha abhyas keela jaau shakato. havamanshastradnya aanee havamanshastradnyansathi heey eka maulyavan vidyashakha aahe, kaaran heey gunadharm mahattvapoorn asoo shakatat.
tathapi, kamkuvat lesar sanketancha prabhavipane magova ghenyachya kshamateshivay, vatavaraniy mahiticha sangrah divasachya asha velee keela jaeel jevha suryachya vidyutchumbakiy utsarjanamule lesarche sanket budnar naheet. lidar upkarnanmadhye anoo resha filterchi bharr padalyane lesarchya signalmadhye hastakshep prabhavipane asha tappyavar filter hoto jithe divasachya konatyahi velee lidar deta gola keela jaau shakato. gelya dashakbharapasun, heey karnyasathi farrade filtercha vapar keela jaat aahe. parinami, shastradnyanna aaj pruthvichya madhyabhagachya vatavaranabaddal, phadophachya aagmanapurvichya tulanet lakshaniyaritya adhik mahitee aahe.