
calliga

kailige (lattin; ekvachan) heey judd-soul asalele hobnell kelele lashkari chandan-boot aahet jeey roman sainyadalatil padd-sainik aanee ghodadalasah sahayyakanni manak issue mhanoon paridhan kele hote.
itihas.
 kailige (ekvachan ") heey judd-shulk, jaad-soul asalele openwork boot aahet, jyat hobnell kelele talav asatat. teey roman ghodadalatil aanee padd-sainikanchya khalchya shrenine aanee kadachit kahee shatakviranni paridhan kele hote. samanya sainyashi calligacha eka tikau sambandh nantarchya 'kailigati' ('boot kelele') yaa varnanat spasht hoto. 
ii. sha. chya pahilya shatkachya suruvatila, sainikala done kinwa teen varshanchya gayasache 'calligula' ('little boot') asey premal topananav denyat aale, kaaran tyane lahan 'kailige' neey purn kelela lahan sainikancha poshakh paridhan keela hota. 
adhunmadhun, 'kailige' heey naav asuvidhajanak tharale asave, visheshtah katheen prushthbhagavar; josephus hallyadarmyan jerusalemchya sangamarvari majlyavaril mandiravar ghasaralelya 'calliga'-shoad roman shatakvirchya hatyeche varnan karato. tarisuddha, 'calliga' chya rachanene tyachya samayojanas parvanagi dilee, jyamule chuffing qamee honyas madat jhaali asatee; kadachit tyane eka 'aadarsh kooch boot' banavala asel aanee 'hobnell kelelya sainyane (' kailigati ') kelelya hallyacha garjanapurna aavaj bhayanak asava."kharokharach, roman-vyapt judia/israyalachya sthanik jyoo loksankhyechya rabbi netyanni tyanchya samudayacha calligacha vapar maryadit keela, jevha lapoon basalelya anek jyoo lokanni tyanchya aavajacha roman jawal yet asalyache chukiche arth lavala hota aanee parinami jhalelya chengarachengarit tyancha mrutyu jhaala hota (babylonian talmud, shabbat 60aii pahaa). 
"bund butanpeksha 'kailige' haah morcha thund rahila asata. ubdar, bhoomadhya havamanat, yacha fayda jhaala asava. uttar brittonchya thund, olya havamanat, hivalyat atirikt vinalele moje kinwa kachche lokar chalalyane payanche sanrakshn honyas madat jhaali asel, parantu ii. sha. chya dusya shatkachya akheris nagri shailitil 'bund boot' ('carbetin') chya bajoone 'kailige' tethe sodoon denyat aalyache disate. chauthya shatkachya uttaradhat heey sampoorn samrajyat lagoo jhaale asey disate. samrat diocletianchya kamal kimmatinvaril (301) aadeshat, 'kailige' mhanoon varnan kelelya padatrananchya nishchit kimmatincha samavesh aahe, parantu tyat konatyahi hobnelcha samavesh nahee, jeey nagri purush, mahila aanee mulansathi tayar kele gele aahe.
rachana aanee utpadan.
calligache madhyabhag aanee openworkche varche bhag uchch darjachya gayichya kinwa bail-chamadyachya ekach tukadyatoon kapale gele. samanyatah lokhandi parantu kadhikadhi kansya rangachya, pakadana hobnelcha vapar karoon, eka bahya tantu madhya-talashi bandhala jaat asey. mage valalelya nakhanchya tokanna insolne jhakalele hote. serve roman padatrananpramanech, 'calliga' sapat soul asaleli hotee. too payachya madhyabhagi aanee ghotyachya varchya bajula bandhala gela hota. sevhilchya spanish vidwan isidorcha assa vishvas hota qee calliga heey naav lattin shabd 'callus' ('kadak chamade') pasoon kinwa boot bandhalela kinwa ('ligere') bandhalela hota yaa vastusthitivarun aale aahe. pattyachya kamachi shaili nirmatyapramane aanee pradeshanusar badalat asey. hobnelchi jaaga qamee badalanari asate; aadhunik creeda padatranapramanech, tyanna ishtatam pakad aanee paay-aadhar denyasathi sthan dile gele hote. kiman eka prantiy lashkari utpadakachi olakh 'kailige' yaa navane karnyat aalee aahe.