
sanvedansheelata lekhaparikshan

sanvedansheelata lekhaparikshan haah dhoran-sambandhit modelling abhyasanmadhye vaparasathi sanvedansheelata vishleshanacha vistar aahe. tyacha vapar shifarasiy aahe-eae.jee. european aayogachya prabhav moolyankan margdarshak tattvanmadhye aanee european vidnyan akadmindware-jevha pratiman-aadharit abhyasache sanvedansheelata vishleshan (sa) pratimanadvare pradan kelelya puravyanchi takad darshavinyasathi asate, parantu asha sandarbhat jethe nishkarsh dhoran kinwa nirnay ghenyachya prakriyet bharr deto.
drushtikon.
jyaa paristhitit vaidnyanik karya dhoranat bharr dete, tyaa paristhitit vishleshanachi rachana, tyacha sansthatmak sandarbh aanee tyachya lekhakachi prerana atyant prasangik houu shakate aanee eka shuddha saa-parametricover laksh kendrit karoon (i.eae. parimanit) anishchitata-apuri asoo shakate. vividh nikash aanee moolyanni vaishishtyikrut asalelya vividh matdarsanghanmadhye dhoranatmak abhyasachya prasangikatemule aanee tyamule 'samasya kaay aahe' aanee 'katha kona sangat aahe' yabaddalachya vegalya kathedware, itar goshtimbarobarach, aarakhadyavar bharr deela jaau shakato. bahutekda rachnet antarnihit gruhitke samavisht asatat, jee rajkiy asoo shakatat (udaa.jee. konatya gatache sanrakshn karane aavashyak aahe) tantrik (udaa.jee. konate chull sthirank manale jaau shakate).
yaa chintancha yogya vichar karnyasathi, sanvedansheelata lekhaparikshan sampoorn dnyan aanee pratiman nirmiti prakriyeche moolyankan pradan karnyasathi sanvedansheelata vishleshanachya sadhanancha vistar karate. heey nusap yaa paddhatipasun prerana ghete, jee sankhyanchya 'vanshavali' chya nirmitisah parimanatmak mahitiche moolya (gunavatta) patra tharvanyasathi vaparali jaate. tyachpramane, pratikrutinchi vanshavali aanee pratikruti-aadharit nishkarsh pradan karnyasathi sanvedansheelata lekhaparikshan vikasit kele gele aahe. sanvedanshil lekhaparikshan heey pratikool sandarbhat visheshtah yogya aahe, jethe keval puravyache swarupach navhe tarr puravyashi sambandhit nishchitata aanee anishchitateche praman dekhil pakshapati hitsambandhancha vishay aahe. hii samanya-nantarchya vidnyanat kinwa mode 2 vidnyanat vicharat ghetaleli mandani aahe. poost-normal science (pii. aine. ess.) hii sylvio funtovies aanee jerom revetz yanni vikasit keleli eka sankalpana aahe, jee chaukashichi eka paddhat prastavit karate jee "tathye anishchit asatat, vadatil moolye, uchch davyancha aanee tatadiche nirnay" (funtovies aanee revetz, 1992:251-273) tevha yogya asate. mode 2 vidnyan, gibbons aanee itaranni 1994 madhye tayar kele.sandarbh-chalit, samasya-kendrit aanee aantarshakhiy asalelya vaidnyanik dnyanachya nirmitichya paddhaticha sandarbh dete. caroza (2015) yaa sankalpana aanee drushtikonanvar charcha karate. sanvedansheelata lekhaparikshan-samanya-nantarchya vidnyanasah, shashvatatecha abhyas karnyasathi shifaras kelelya lenspacky eka aahe.
dhoranatmak nirnayanna samarthan denyasathi vaparlya jaanarya pratiman-aadharit puravyanchi gunavatta sudharanyasathi prabhav mulyankanat vaparasathi european aayogane sanvedansheelata lekhaparikshan karanyachi shifaras kelee aahe. european academies association auph science phaur policy sapiachya ahavalat ashach shifarasi aadhalu shakatat.
niyam.
sanvedansheelata lekhaparikshan saat niyam kinwa margdarshak tattvandvare saranshit kele jaateh
pahila niyam aekhadyacha ajenda pudhe nenyasathi ganiteey modelingcha sadhansamagricha vapar pahato. yaa vaparala vaktrutva kinwa dhoranatmak mhanatat, jase qee sambhashankartyala gondhalat taknyasathi kinwa gondhalat taknyasathi lattincha vapar.
gruhit shikar' baddalcha dusra niyam mhanje model moolatah tayar kele gele tevha kaay gruheet dharale gele hote heey shodhanyasathi eka smaranpatra aahe. mode heey keteris paribus gruhitakanne bharalele asatat. udaharanarth, arthshastrat, heey model dilelya samikarananchya sanchala dhakka basanyachya parinamacha andaj lavu shakate, asey gruheet dharoon qee urvarit serve-itar serve input chull aanee input-samaan rahatat, parantu vastavik jeevanat "seteris" kadhihi "paribus" nasatat, mhanje chull ekmekanshi jodalele asatat, tyamule teey ekmekanpasun swatantrapane vastavadipane badaloo shakat naheet.
tisra niyam krutrimaritya atishayokti karnyabaddal kinwa jithe soyiskar asel tithe anishchitatancha khel qamee karnyabaddal aahe. tambakhu lobijani oresk aanee convenusar dhoomrapanamule honanya aarogyavishayak parinamanvishayichya anishchitatanchi atishayokti kelee, tarr fashichya shiksheche samarthak fashichi shiksha aanee gunhegariche praman yanchyatil nakaratmak sambandhanmadhil anishchitatela qamee kele. spashtapane, nantarchya vyaktila heey dhoran havey hote, yaa prakaranat fashichi shiksha, aanee samarthan karnara purava majboot hota heey dakhavanyat tyanna swarasya hote. aadhichya prakaranat lobina niyaman nako hote (udaa.jee. sarvajanik thikani tambakhoojanya dhoomrapanavar bandee) aanee tyamule dhoomrapan-aarogya parinam kaaran sambandhatil anishchitata vadhavanyat tyanna swarasya hote.
niyam chaar haah vishleshan sarvajanik karnyapurvi anishchitatechi 'kabuli' denyabaddal aahe. haah niyam dekhil lagoo kelelya arthshastrachya aadnyanpaiki eka aahe
kenedih 'tumhi sanvedansheelatechya upasthitit kabuli dyal. parinamih tumhi tikechi apeksha karal '. yaa niyamanusar, modelling abhyasache parinam prakashit honyapurvi sanvedansheelata vishleshan kele pahije. heey karanyachi anek changli karane aahet, eka mhanje kaljipurvak kelelya sanvedansheelatechya vishleshanat anekada sadhya kodingchya chuka kinwa modelmadhil apuya goshti ughad hotat. dusare mhanje, bahutek vela, vishleshan model vikaskanni apekshit kelelya anishchitatanpeksha mothya anishchitatancha khulasa karate.
niyam paach haah modelling abhyasache parinam pardarshak paddhatine sadar karnyabaddal aahe. donhi niyam prabhav mulyankanachya saravatoon udbhavtat, jethe yogya sashivay sadar kelela modelling abhyas, kinwa pratyakshat black boxes asalelya modelmadhun udbhavalela mhanoon, bhagdharkanni nakarle jaau shakate. chaar aanee paach heey donhi niyam suchavatat qee punarutpadanakshamata hii pardarshaktesathi eka aut asoo shakate aanee hii nantarchi kayadeshiratechi aut asoo shakate.
niyam sahaa, yogya rakkam karnyabaddal, 'gruhitak-shikar' niyamapasoon door nahee; too fakt adhik samanya aahe. anekada vishleshak pakshakarachya fayadhyasathi manmane tayar kelelya vishleshanavar kaam karnyasathi tayar keela jaato yaa vastusthitishi teey sambandhit aahe. kadhikadhi heey vishleshan karnyasathi nivadalelya shakhechya nivadidvare yete. asha prakare paryavaraniy parinamachi samasya arthshastrachya drushtikonatun tayar kelee jaau shakate aanee kharch laabh kinwa jokhim vishleshan mhanoon sadar kelee jaau shakate, tarr yaa samasyecha kharch kinwa fayade kinwa jokhaminshi farsa sambandh nahee aanee napha, niyantrane aanee nikashanshi barech kahee sambandhit aahe. yache udaharan marris aanee itaranmadhye aahe. jee. emm. oo. ess. chya muddyavar, mukhytah ann surakshecha muddah mhanoon sarvajanik charchanmadhye sadar kele jaate, tarr jee. emm. oo. chya virodhkanchya chintanche kshetra-samanya nagrikansah-vyapak disate. yaa vishisht niyamacha vistar, sambhavya chaukatiparyant karnara eka drushtikon mhanje tathakathit parimanatmak katha sangane.
niyam saat haah paripoorn sanvedansheelata vishleshan talhanyabaddal aahe. jithe pratyek anishchit input eka velee halavale jaate aanee itar serve input sthir thewale jaatat, teey karyatmak nasate. kharey saa ekach velee serve anishchitatancha shodh ghenyasathi pramanik prayatna kele pahije, jyamule model tyache sampoorn araikhik aanee kadachit gair-purak vartan pradarshit karnyas mukt raheel. asach eka muddah samm ell madhye mandala aahe. daad fault auph everage' heey sevejche pustak aahe.
sanvedanshil lekhaparikshanadvare sambodhit kelele prashna.
shevati, heey niyam vishleshkala tikecha andaj lavnyas madat karnyasathi aahet, visheshtah prabhav mulyankanat model-aadharit nishkarsh bharnyashi sambandhit. modellerla konate prashna aanee aakshep miloo shakatat? yethe eka sambhavya yadee aaheh
european aayogachya margdarshak tattvanmadhye sanvedansheelata lekhaparikshan.
prabhav mulyankanasathichya european aayogachya margdarshak tattvanmadhye sanvedansheelata lekhaparikshanache varnan kele aahe. sambandhitanche ansh aahet (pru. 392):
sapia ahwal.
european academies association auph science phaur policy sapia yanni tyanchya 2019 chya ahavalat 'guntagunt aanee anishchitatechya paristhitit dhoranasathi vidnyanacha arth tayar karane' yaa shirshakat sanvedanshil lekhaparikshanache tapshilvar varnan kele aahe.
anuprayog.
sanvedanshil lekhaparikshanatun sankalpanancha vapar mhanje oo. ii. dii.-pisa abhyas, ann suraksha, poshan, paryavaraniy padchinh.
vikas.
parimanikaranachya sambhavya naitikatechya sandarbhat shifaras kelelya sadhananpaiki sanvedansheelata lekhaparikshan heey eka sadhan aahe, jyacha uddesh mapan nishchiti, sankhyikicha gairavapar, kharab modelling aanee anaitik algoridam yasarkhya parimanamadhye disana vividh samasyanmadhil samanya naitik ghatak olakhane haah aahe.