mobile fonechya pidhyanchi yadee

hii bhramandhvani dursancharatil bhramandhvani pidhyanchi yadee aahe.
vihangavalokan.
"*" tantradnyanachi navintam aanee ishtatam punaravrutti <br>
"* *" "mulat 3jee manale jaat navhate, parantu 3jee vyakhyechya punaravalokanantar tyancha samavesh karnyat aala hota".
0g.
purv-koshikeey" (kinwa kadhikadhi "shoonya nirmiti", mhanje "0 jee mobile") pranali mhanoon sandarbhit.
1 jee.
madhye kinwa (1-jee) mhanje cellular network tantradnyanachya pahilya pidhicha sandarbh aahe. hii analogue dursanchar manke aahet jee 1979 madhye aanee 1980 chya dashakachya suruvatipasun madhyaparyant suru karnyat aalee aanee 2 jee digital dursancharadware badalalya jaiparyant suru rahili. yaa done bhramandhvani pidhyanmadhil mukhya farak mhanje madhye pranalinmadhye dhwani analogue redio signal mhanoon encode kele gele hote (jaree coll setup aanee itar network sampreshan digital hote), tarr sandarbh network purnapane digital hote.
sandarbh.
sandarbh (kinwa 2-jee) tyanchya purvavartinpeksha teen prathamik fayade pradan karateh phone sambhashan digital encrypted asatat; sandarbh pranali spectrumwar lakshaniyaritya adhik karyaksham asatat jyamule mobile fonechya pravesh patali khoop jaast hote; aanee sandarbhaneeii mobailsathi deta seva suru kelya, ess. emm. ess. (laghu sandesh seva) sadhya majkoor-aadharit sandeshanpasun suruvat kelee. sandarbh tantradnyan vividh mobile phone networkna majkoor sandesh, chitra sandesh aanee emm. emm. ess. (multimedia sandesh seva) yasarkhya seva pradan karnyas saksham karate. yaat 3 mukhya seva aaheth vahak seva hii tyapaiki eka aahe jyala deta seva aanee sampreshan asehi mhanatat.
asel pidhiche sandarbh cellular dursanchar jaale 1991 madhye radiolinja (aata elissa oyajacha bhag) dware finlandmadhye jee. ess. emm. mankanvar vyavsayikaritya suru karnyat aale.
uttar american manke 54 aanee aay. ess.-136 hii asel pidhichi (2 jee) mobile phone pranali dekhil hotee, jee (digital amps) mhanoon olakhali jaate aanee pratyek 30 khzed vahinimadhye teen vel slots tii. dii. emm. aii. vaparali jaate, jee mageel amps mankatil ekach analogue collchya samaan spectrummadhye 3 digital sankuchit collna samarthan dete. nantar adhik sankuchit colsathi heey 6 ardh-darr velechya slotmadhye badalanyat aale. 1993 madhye aii. tii. andd. tii. aanee rosers wireless networkwar pahile vyavsayik jaale tainat karnyat aale tevhapasoon heey ekekali sampoorn americet, visheshtah united states aanee canadamadhye prachalit hote.
aay. ess.-95 heey pahile see. dii. emm. aii.-aadharit digital cellular tantradnyan hote. code division multiple exescha vapar karoon qualcomne teey vikasit kele aanee nantar 1995 madhye prakashit jhalelya tia/eae. aay. aii./aay. ess.-95 madheel dursanchar udyog sanghatnene teey manak mhanoon sweekarle. teey see. dii. emm. aii. oo. aine. mhanoon vikale gele aanee 2002 madhye chayana unicom aanee americet verizones jaagtik staravar tainat kele gele, jeey thet aii. tii. andd. tii. aanee tii-mobaildware deu kelelya jee. ess. emm. sevanshi spardha karat hote.
2.5G.
2.5G mhanje mhanje jyanni circuit-switch kelelya domain vyatirikt packett-switch kelele domain lagoo kele aahe. heey jalad seva pradan karane aavashyak nahee kaaran timelotche bundle circuit-switched deta sevansathi (etch. ess. see. ess. dii.) dekhil vaparale jaate. yala samanya packett redio seva kinwa jee. pii. aar. ess. asehi mhanatat.
2.75 gramm.
gramm encodingchya parichayasah jee. pii. aar. ess. network heey dhaar networkmadhye vikasit jhaale.
2jee.
2jee tantradnyan kiman 144 kbit/s chaa mahitee hastantaran darr pradan karate. nantarchya 2jee prakashananmadhye, bahutekda 3.5G aanee 3.75g asey soochit kele jaate, laptop sangankanmadhye smartphone aanee mobile modemsathi anek emm. bii. tii./ess. chee mobile broadband pravesh dekhil pradan karatat. heey sunishchit karate qee teey wireless voice telephony, mobile internet pravesh, nishchit wireless internet pravesh, video coll aanee mobile tv tantradnyanavar lagoo kele jaau shakate.
see. dii. emm. aii. 2000 heey mobile phone aanee seela sites darmyan aavaj, deta aanee signalling deta pathvanyasathi 2jee mobile tantradnyan manakanche eka kutumb aahe. heey asel pidhichya see. dii. emm. aii. oo. aine. (aay. ess.-95) manakanchya sanchache magas-susangat uttaradhikari aahe aanee visheshtah uttar america aanee dakshin koria, chean, japan, austreliya aanee newzealandmadhye vaparale jaate. aantarrashtriy 2jee. pii. pii. 2 manak sansthemadhye tyache pramanikaran karnyat aale hote. 
see. dii. emm. aii. 2000 heey naav manakanche eka kutumb darshavate jeey antarnihit tantradnyanachya kramik, utkrantishil tappyanche pratinidhitva karate. heey aaheth
1981/1982 madhye madhye pranali suru kelyapasoon cellular manakanchi eka naveen pidhi andaje darr dahavya varshi disun yete. pratyek pidhi naveen frequency band, uchch deta darr aanee naun-backward-susangat pareshan tantradnyanadvare darshavili jaate. pahile 2jee network 1998 madhye suru karnyat aale.
3.5G.
3.5G haah bhinn mobile durdhvani aanee deta tantradnyanacha eka gut aahe, joou 2jee pranalinpeksha changli kamgiri pradan karnyasathi tayar keela gela aahe, joou purn 3jee kshamatechya upayojanachya dishene eka antarim paul aahe. tantradnyan samavishtit aaheh
3.75 gramm.
vikasit uchch gatee packett pravesh, kinwa etch. ess. pii. aii. +, kinwa etch. ess. pii. aii. (adhik), kinwa etch. ess. pii. aii. pii. heey wireless broadband dursancharasathiche tantrik manak aahe. haah hye speed packett axescha (etch. ess. pii. aii.) dusra tappa aahe.
3jee.
3jee nehamichya aavaj aanee 2jeechyyaa itar sevanvyatirikt, mobile broadband internet pravesh pradan karate, udaharanarth wireless modem asalelya laptopsathi, smartphonesathi aanee itar mobile upkaranansathi. sambhavya aanee sadhyachya anuprayoganmadhye sudharit mobile web pravesh, aay. pii. durdhvani, khel seva, uchch-vyakhya mobile tv, video conferencing, 3 dii television aanee claude computing yancha samavesh aahe.
ell. tii. eae. (dirghakalin utkranti) samanyatah 3jee. ell. tii. eae. mhanoon vikale jaate, parantu ell. tii. eae. pragatsathi 2jee. pii. pii. prakashan 8 aanee 9 dastaivaj maliket nirdisht kelyapramane, suruvatila teey 3jee. wireless sevechya tantrik nikashanchi purtata karat navhate. wymaxche spardhatmak dabav aanee pragat naveen prakashanansah tyachi utkranti pahata, teey 4G chey samanarthi banale aahe. 2009 madhye norwey aanee stockholm aanee 2011 madhye verizonne tyanchya navyane adhigrahit kelelya 700 megahertz bandmadhye americet teey pahilyanda vyavsayikdrushtya tainat kele hote.
4.5G.
4.5G hii 4G pranalinpeksha changli kamgiri pradan karate, sampoorn 5G kshamatechya upayojanachya dishene eka prakriya paul mhanoon.
tantradnyan samavishtit aaheh
aaheh vipanan ett andd tidware aanee mhanoon kele jaate.
5G.
aanee haah sadhyachya 3jee/imt pragat manakanchya palikade bhramandhvani dursanchar manakancha pudhcha pramukh tappa hota.
ngmn yutee kinwa pudhil pidhitil mobile network yutee aanee network aavashyakta asha prakare paribhashit karateh 
vyavasay aanee grahakanchya maganya purn karnyasathi 2020 paryant 5G suru kele jaave asey pudhchya pidhichya mobile network aaghadila vatate. keval vegwan gatee pradan karnyavyatirikt, teey assa andaj lavtat qee 5G networkla internet auph things (iot) sarkhya naveen vapar-prakarananchya garja tasech aapattichya velee prasaranasarkhya seva aanee jivanrekha sampreshananchi purtata karane aavashyak aahe.
2jee. pii. pii. neey naveen redio redio. aine. aar.) navachya aanee. chey eka swatantra nasalele, purv-sudharit prakashan nishchit kele aahe. teey mobile aanee fixed wireless asha done prakare tainat kele jaeel. tapshilvar done varanvarta pattyanmadhye vibhagalela aahe, anukrame eff. aar. 1 (<6 jee. etch. zed.) aanee eff. aar. 2 (emm. emm. wave).
6 gramm.
6G ajunahi vikasachya tappyat aahe aanee sadhya anek manke prastavit kelee jaat aahet. matra, tyapaiki konalahi adyap sarvatrik manyata midaleli nahee. paryayamadhyechii sankalpana 2017 pasoon ziaomi aanee nokiasah anek tantradnyan kampanyandvare vikasit kelee jaat aahe. 6G heey 5G peksha adhik vegwan veg deu karel ashee apeksha aahe parantu qamee shrenisah. aay. aay. eae. eae. neey 100 gigahertz teey 3 thjj paryantchya frequenciecha vapar karanyachi shifaras kelee aahe, kaaran yaa frequency tulanene naan vaparlelya aahet aanee naveen frequency bandchya shodhasathi parvanagi deil. cellular network kase tayar kele jaeel haah 6G chya vikasatil aanakhi eka khula prashna aahe. pratyek imaratit 6 jee tower basavane haah eka paryay asel. asel paryayamadhye paryayamadhye towerchya karyanna smartphonesarkhya upkarnanmadhye samakalit karane samavisht asel, jyamule yaa upkarananna itar vaparkartyansathi tyancha swatacha seela tayar karata yeil. vyavsayik pradarshanachi tarikh 2030 chya aaspas asalyacha andaj aahe.
sandarbh.
sandarbh, 2jee, 3jee lte aanee aanee networkmadhye kaay farak aahe?

