krimchak

krimchak (krimchakah Кримчас,,,) heey krimiyache jyoo vanshik-dharmik samuday aahet, jeey rabbi jyoodh dharmachya turkey bhashik anuyayanpasun tayar jhaale aahet. teey aitihasikdrushtya cramian karaitschya jawal rahile aahet, jeey karai jyoodh dharmache palan karatat.
suruvatila 'krimchak' heey eka russian varnanatmak hote, jeey tyanna tyanchya ashkenazi jyoo dharmvadyanpasun, tasech purvichya russian samrajyatil georgian jyusarkhya itar jyoo samudayanpasun vegale karnyasathi vaparale jaat hote, parantu 19 vya shatkachya uttaradhat heey naav swatah krimchakanni sweekarle. hyapurvi tyanche swa-naav 'srele balari' ('srele balari') hote-shabdasha 'israyalachi mule'. crimean tataranni tyanna karaitanpasun vegale karnyasathi 'zulufli Çufutler' ('peey' tauu asalele jyoo ') mhanoon sambodhale, jyanna' zulufasiz Çufutler '(' peey 'tauu nasalele jyoo') mhatale gele.
bhasha.
krimchak heey crimean tatar bhasheche sudharit swaroop bolatat, jyala krimchak bhasha mhanatat. hii jyoo patois kinwa crimean tatarchi vanshik bhasha aahe, jee eka kipchak turkey bhasha aahe. 1917 madheel russian krantipurvi, krimchak kiman dvibhashik hoteh teey krimchak vanshik bolayache aanee tyach velee tyanchya dharmik jeevan aanee lekhee sanvadasathi mukhytah hibru bhashecha vapar karayache. karayache mahayuddhaparyant krimchakanni tyanchya turkey patoiche palan kele, parantu nantar tyanchi bhashik olakh gamavoo lagali. aata teey tyanchi bhasha punarujjivit karnyasathi prayatna karat aahet. krimchak bhashechi anek bhashik vaishishtye crimean tatar bhashet aadhalu shakatat. yavyatirikt, tyat asankhya ibri aanee arami shabd aahet aanee teey paramparikaritya ibri aksharanmadhye lihile jaat hote (aata teey cyrillic lipit lihile jaate).
mool.
krimchak heey bahudha vividh moodanche parinam aahet jyanchya purvajanmadhye bahudha sephardic aanee ashkenazi jyoo aanee byzantine samrajya, genoa, georgia aanee itar thikanchya jyoo lokancha samavesh hota.
itar adhik anumanatmak siddhantanmadhye asey samavisht aahe qee krimchak heey kadachit anshatah jyoo nirvasitanche vanshaj aahet jeey pracheen kalat kalya samudrajaval sthayik jhaale hote. abhijat kalatil uttaradhat yaa pradeshatil anek greek vasahatinmadhye jyoo samuday astitvat hote. krimiamadhil alikadech utkhananat sapadalelya shilalekhanmadhun kiman ii. sha. puu. puu shatkachya suruvatilach jyoo lokanchi upasthiti ughad jhaali aahe. kahee crimean shaharanmadhye, "sebomenoi theon hypesiston" ("serve-sarvoch devache upasak" kinwa "dev-bhay dharnare") navache ekeshvarvadi murtipujak panth astitvat hote. yaa ardh-santanni jyoo aadnya palalya parantu sunnat naan jhalelya rahilya aanee kahee murtipujak pratha kayam rakhalya. akheris, tyanchya sadasyanni ektar khristi kinwa pramanatmak jyoodh dharm swikarlyamule heey panth nahise jhaale. aanakhi eka siddhant assa aahe qee samrat hadrianne baar kokhabachya bandala dadpalyanantar, jyanna fashi denyat aalee nahee asha jyoo lokanna crimean dweepkalpat haddapar karnyat aale.
shastriy yugachya uttaradhat yaa pradeshat mothee ulthapalath jhaali kaaran krimiyamadhye goth, huns, bulger, khazar aanee itar lock hote. radhanaitsasarkhya jyoo jyoo yaa kalat pontic pradeshat vyapak sampark vikasit karnyas suruvat kelee aanee bahudha proto-krimchak samudayanshi jawalche sambandh thewale. suruvatichya madhyayugatil krimiyachya khazar varchasvacha crimchack loksankhyevar kiman anshatah parinam jhaala asey manale jaate.
madhyayug.
madhyayug shatkachya uttaradhat bahutek krimiya khazaranchya tabyat gela. 12 vya shatkat, rabbi yehuda halevi yanni 'kujari' mhanoon olakhale jaanare eka tatvik grunth lihile, jyamadhye tyanni khazar rajashi dirgh charcha kelee, joou too konata dharm swikaranar hota. tyachya lokanni tyache anusaran karoon jyoo dharm swikarla assa vishvas nirman jhaala. 20 vya shatkat, arther coestler navachya eka jyoo lekhakane suchavale qee ashkenazi jyoo yaa prakaranatun aale aahet. tevhapasoon, haah siddhant punha udayala aala aahe, jyat aadhunik jyoo loksankhyesah pracheen jyoo lokanmadhil satatya nakarnyacha prayatna prayatna yahudivirodhi lokanchahi samavesh aahe.
2013 madhye, jerusalemchya hibru vidyapithachya itihas vibhagache pradhyapak shaul stampfer yanni assa yuktivad keela qee kuzari haah kadhihi ghatananche kharey varnan karnyacha hetu navhata, tarr jyoo tattvadnyanache spashtikaran denyasathi kathit charchecha vapar karoon keval eka roopak hota. stampferchya matey, khazar kinwa tyanchya netrutvamadhye kadhihi konatahi mahattvapoorn jyoo samuday hota asey soochit karnyasathi itaranchya likhanat konatihi jyoo kabarsthane, imarati, lekhan kinwa sandarbh naheet.
khazar rajvatichya kalat, crimean jyoo aanee khazar yanchyat kahee pramanat aantarvivah jhaala asata, parantu khazar samrajyachya patan aanee patanadarmyan (kinwa khazar uttaradhikari rajvatichya kalat, georgious tzulne rajya kele, jeey kerchmadhye kendrit hote), krimchaksani asankhya khazar nirvasitanna shoshale asey suchavane kalpanik asalyache disate. kipchak dharmantarit jyoodh dharm astitvat hota heey dnyat aahe aanee heey shakya aahe qee yaa dharmantaritanpasun krimchakanni tyanchi vishisht bhasha sweekarli.
jevha krimiya byzantine samrajyacha hota aanee tyanantar byzantine jyoo lokanchya laata tethe sthayik jhalya. heey navodit bahutek prakarananmadhye constantinopleche vyapari hote aanee tyanchyabarobar romani yahudi pratha (bonfill 2011) aanat asat.
pontic-caspian maidanavaril mangol vijete dharmik swatantryache pravartak hote aanee dakshin krimiyachya (1315-1475) genoise tabyat yaa pradeshat jyoo vasahatinche praman vadhale. seyfordi, ashkenazi aanee romaniot sanskarannusar prathna prayatnammadhye jyoo samuday vibhagala gela hota. 1515 madhye vegvegalya paramparanna eka vishisht krimchak prathna pustakat ekatra aananyat aale, jyat krimiyamadhye sthayik jhalelya kivacha mukhya rabbi rabbi moshe haah-gola yane romaniyot sanskaranche pratinidhitva kele.
18 vya shatkat yaa samudayache netrutva david baine eliezer lehno (aaa. 1735), hebru vyakaranala samarpit 'kafa' dharmik prathna pustak aanee 'mishkan david' ('devidche nivassthan') yanchya parichay pustakache lekhak. teey crimean khanatechya itihasavar 'devar seftaim' ('tondane uchchar') yaa aitihasik aitihasik ibru granthache lekhak dekhil hote.
tatar niyam.
crimean khanatechya antargat jyoo lock vegalya nivassthani rahat asat aanee dhimmi-curr (gizia) bharat asat. ottoman bajari pranalinusar maryadit nyayik svayatta denyat aalee. ughadpane, hinsak chhal atyant durmil hota.
manavvanshashastradnya ess.wessenberg, "krimchakche mool yuganchya andharat haravale aahe. keval ekach gosht sangitali jaau shakate, qee jaree donhi lock aanee khazar yanchyatil kahee natesambandh nakarta yet nasale taree, teey karai lokanpeksha qamee turkey rakt vahoon netat. parantu madhyayugatil aanee aadhunik kalatil krimchak tyanchya european samkakshanshi satat misalale jaat hote. genoschya kalapasoon lombroso, piestro aanee itar kutumbanchya aagmanasah italian jyoo lokanmadhye mishran hote. alikadchya kalat russian jyoo lokansobat aantarvivah jhalyachi prakarane samore aalee aahet.
krimchakanchya vanshashastravar konatehi samanya kaam nahee. lokkatha sahityacha upalabdh saransh purn nahee. hote shatkachya uttaradhat aanee aanee shatkachya suruvatipasun vyapak manavvanshashastriy mahitee gola kelee gelee aahe, parantu tyat purvichya kalkhandancha samavesh nahee, jyasathi abhilekheey sahitya astitvat aahe. strotanchya yaa pratyek gatacha abhyas krumchak vanshik alpasankhyakanchya vanshik utpattivar prakash takoo shakato.
russian aanee soviet rajvat.
russian samrajyane 1783 madhye krimiya tabyat ghetale. tyanantar krimchakanna rashiyatil itar jyoo lokanvar ladalelya tyach dharmik chhalala samore jaave lagale. tyanchya karai karai vegale, krimchakanna yahudivirodhi nirbandhancha sampoorn fatka basala.
hote shatkat ukraine aanee lithuaniatil anek ashkenazim krimiyamadhye sthayik houu lagale. yaa ashkenazimchya tulanet krimchak kahise magasalele disat hote; udaharanarth, tyanche niraksharateche praman barech jaast hote aanee tyanni anek andhashraddhe kayam rakhalya. ashkenazimbarobarchya aantarvivahamule vishisht krimchak samudayachi sankhya lakshaniyaritya qamee jhaali. 1900 paryant krimiaamadhye 60,000 ashkenazim aanee fakt 6,000 krimchak hote.
hote shatkachya madhyat krimchak heey rabbi chaim hezkia mediniche anuyayi banale, jyanna tyanchya sedei chemed yaa navanehi olakhale jaate, jeey jerusalemmadhe janmalele seyfordi rabbi hote, jeey istanbulhun krimiyala aale hote. tyachya anuyayanni tyala gaav hii padvi dilee. krimiyamadhil sarvat motha krimchak samuday asalelya karsubajarmadhye sthayik jhalelya rabbi medini tyanche shaikshanik star unchavanyat aapale jeevan vyateet kele.
1897 paryant, krimchak heey "crimean dweepkalpatil bahusankhya talmudik jyoo" hone bund jhaale.
1917 chya russian krantinantar, yadavi yuddhane krimiyache vighatan kele. laal sainya aanee aanee chalvalitil ladhait anek krimchak marle gele. 1920 chya dashakachya suruvatila aanee 1930 chya dashakachya suruvatila dushkalat aanakhi lock maran pavale. anekjan pavitra bhoomi, america aanee turkeymadhye sthalantarit jhaale.
joseph stallinchya kalat, krimchakanna hibru bhashet lihinyas manai karnyat aalee hotee aanee tyanna tyanchi swatachi bhasha lihinyasathi cyrillic varnamala vaparnyache aadesh denyat aale hote. sarkari aadeshanusar sabhasthane aanee yeshiv bund karnyat aale. krimchakanna karkhane aanee samoohik shetanmadhye kaam karnyas bhag padale gele.
holocast aanee tyanantar.
crimean cariteschya ulat, 1941 madhye krimiyachya akshanvar kabja kelyanantar nazinni krimchakancha naash karnyasathi lakshya kele hote. holocast darmyan tyanchya loksankhyechya jawaljawal 75 takke asalelya sahaa hazar krimchakancha mrutyu jhaala. shivay, 1944 madhye yaa pradeshat soviet satta parat aalyanantar, anek krimchakanna tyanchya crimean tatar tatar madhya aashiyat jabardastine haddapar karnyat aale.
2000 paryant, purvichya soviet unionmadhye fakt sumare 600 krimchak, sumare ardhe yukrenmadhye aanee urvarit georgia, russia aanee uzbekistanmadhye rahat hote. kahee 600-700 krimchak ajunahi tyanchya crimean olakhila chikatoon israyalmadhye rahatat, tarr itar united states aanee canadamadhye rahatat.
sanskruti.
krimchak heey rudhivadi kinwa talmudik jude dharm palatat. tyanche adviteey 'nusa' kinwa prathna pustak, jyala nusa kafa mhanoon olakhale jaate, teey 16 vya shatkat udayas aale. kafa heey phiodoshiyachya crimean shaharache purviche naav hote.
krumchakanchya paramparik vyavsayanmadhye shetee, vyapar aanee viticulture yancha samavesh hota.
krimchakanche kapade aanee chaliriti jawalchya karai aanee crimean tataransarkhya hotya. 
krimchak swatahla eka vegala gut manat asat aanee kvachitach tyanni karai kinwa crimean tataranshi aantarvivah keela. krimchak lock bahupatneetva palayache parantu nantar 19 vya shatkachya uttaradhat tyanni ekvivah swikarla.

