
freuli

freuli (,,) heey ishanya italiche eka kshetra aahe, jyachi swatachi vishisht sanskrutik aanee aitihasik olakh aahe, jyat 1,000,000 freulian aahet. tyat freuli venezia giulia, i yaa swayatt pradeshacha motha bhag samavisht aahe.eae. triaste vagalata, udin, pordenon aanee goriziache prashasakeey prant.
nave.
freulichya bahujatiy aanee tyanantarchya bahubhashik paramparecha arth assa aahe qee pradeshache naav sthananusar badalate. italian () vyatirikt, itar sthanik pranay prakaranmadhye frewlan () aanee venesian; german aanee slovinmadhye samavisht aahet.
freuli' heey naav pracheen roman shahar (aatache) pasoon aale aahe.
bhoogol.
freulichya paschimes venetto pradeshachi seema asoon livenza nadichya bajoone vahanari seema, uttarela carnia aanee austriyan carinthia darmyanchya carnic alpschya shikharane, purvela julien alpsney, slovenia aanee timavo nadichi seema aanee dakshinela adriatic samudra aahe. gorizia/nova gorika teey triglavparyantchya saaka/isonzo khoyatil lagatche slovin bhag aanee 'goriska' pradesh tayar karnare vipava khore dekhil aitihasik freulicha bhag manale jaau shakatat.
yaa pradeshacha dongral uttarekadil bhag dakshin chunkhadichya alps parvatarangancha aahe. pashchimepasun purvekade, yaa pradeshatil sarvoch shikhare aahet, carnic prealpsmadhye (dolomity freulen)-sima dei prety, durano aanee cridola; carnic aalpsmadhye-peralba, monte bivera aanee coglians; julien aalpsmadhye, joff fuert, joff dii montacio, mangart aanee canin, jeey maidani bhagavar varchasva gajavatat. 
dongaranmadhun dakshinekade vahana nadya asankhya aahet. freulian parvat tagalento nadichya pravahala vedhatat, jee gemona dell freulichya akshanshavar pratham freulichya madhyabhagi asalelya tekadya olandate, nantar mothya purgrast maidanamadhye vahate. heey maidan samanyatah unch freulian maidan aanee qamee freulian maidan (bassa freulana) madhye vibhagale gele aahe, jyachi seema napolean rasta aahe joou codroipo aanee palmanova shaharanna jodato. yaa rastyachya dakshines 'resorgieve' kshetra aahe, jithe sampoorn parisarat spring-feed talavanmadhye bhoomigat jalmargatun paanee punha yete. maidani pradeshachya dakshines marano aanee gradoche khayya khayya khayya khayya khayya bhag aahet, jeey nisarg rakheev aahet. itar mahattvachya nadyanmadhye torey, natisone, stella, isonzo/saaka aanee ausa yancha samavesh hoto.
freulymadhye udeen, pordenon aanee gorizia prantanmadhye upavibhajit kshetra vyapale aahe. aitihasik rajdhani aanee sarvat mahattvache shahar udin aahe, jeey madhyayugeen petriya dell freulichi rajdhani dekhil hote. pordenon, gorizia/nova gorika, sassil, codroipo, servignano dell freuli, cividel dell freuli, gemona dell freuli, monfalcon aanee tolmezo hii itar mahattvachi shahare aahet.
hawaman.
freulian maidanache hawaman damat up-bhoomadhya aahe. yaa bhagatil hawaman pandhya drakshanchya lagvadisathi yogya aahe aanee italimadhye utpadit honanya madyapaiki 2.5% yaa bhagatil yaa bhagatoon yete. matra, dongaranmadhye mahadvipiy hawaman aahe aanee dongral bhagat alpine hawaman aahe. kinanyavar sarasari varshik tapman asate, tarr aateel maidani bhagat sarasari qamee hote; udeen, pordenon, gorizia). pudhe uttares, tolmezomadhye sarasari tapman andaje aahe. sarvat qamee moolye aalpsmadhye nondavali jaatatah "paso dii monte cross carnico" (ett) aanee samudraspatipasun varr asalelya valle canelmadhye. sarvat thund mahina, janevarimadhye, tapman andaje monfalconemadhye aanee jawaljawal "paso dii monte cross carnico" madhye badalate, jyamadhye udeen aanee valknelmadhye madhyavarti tapman asate. udinpasoon thodya antaravar asalelya goriziyala visheshtah saumya sookshm-hawaman milate, jyachi andaje varshik sarasari. julai yaa sarvat ushna mahinyat, tapman kinarpatti aanee maidani bhagadarmyan aanee valle canalmadhye darmyan asate.
freulymadhye parjanyaman tulanene mubalak pramanat asate; varshabharat parjanyamanache vitaran mothya pramanat badalate. dakshinekadil kiman moolye samanyatah (gorizia over aanee udain over) darmyan yetat, tarr alpine kshetracha kamal varshik paus andaje asato. julien prealps haah italichya sarvat pavsalyachya pradeshanpaiki eka aaheh musimadhye sumare varshik paus padato, kadhikadhi 5000 miimii dekhil padato aanee ekach mahinyat midvu shakato. freulichya kahee bhagat, atiprushtine dhoop jhaali aahe aanee anek nadyanna puur aala aahe. dakshinekadil maidani bhagat burf viral asato (udin aanee pordenonmadhye darvarshi 3 kinwa 4 barfal divas) parantu uttarekade adhik satatyane padato (valle canell 25 divas, saurie 23 divas aanee paso dii monte cross carnico 28 divas).
khaleel hawaman chaukati freulichya mukhya shahar udainmadhil aahe.
loksankhyashastra.
freuli, portogrurocha samavesh asalela anivarya bhag, yethe 1,000,000 peksha jaast lock rahatat.
freulymadhil sarvat mahattvachya jansankhyikiy ghatananpaiki eka mhanje sthalantar. 19vya shatkachya shevatchya dashakat yachee suruvat jhaali aanee 1970chya dashakat tee sampali. andaje shambhar varshanchya kalavadhit daha lakhanhun adhik freulian lock sthalantarit jhaale assa andaj aahe. airchya (2005) sarvat alikadil jangananenusar, paradeshat rahana freulian sthalantaritanchi sankhya 134,936 aahe. yapaiki, 56.0% europemadhye, 24.0% dakshin americet, 10.3% uttar americet aanee 4.7% oshaniyamadhye rahatat. hii mahitee keval tyaa freulian aanee tyanchya vanshajanna pratibimbit karate jyanchyakade italian nagrikatva aahe. freulionchya vanshajanna jangananetun vagalanyat aale aahe kaaran teey italian nagrik naheet. jagatil fruliensani fogolars furlance navachya sanskrutik sanghatananna pathimba deela aahe, jyapaiki 46 italimadhye aanee 156 urvarit jagaat aahet.
itihas.
mool aanee roman yug.
pragaitihasik yugat, freuli heey castelliary sanskratiche ghar hote. heey lock bahudha samudratoon aale hote aanee ii. sha. puu. 15 vya shatkapasoon suruvatichya aitihasik kalaparyant yaa bhagatil pramukh sanskruti hote. ii. sha. puu. 4thya shatkadarmyan freulymadhye carney (pracheen greek bhashet καρνίοι) hii adnyat vanshik jamaat vasali hotee, jee celtic, venetic kinwa retic bhasha bolali asel aanee jyane lokhandi aanee chandichya kamachi pragat tantre suru kelee. strabochya matey [4.6] carney lock "adriatic gulph aanee ekviliyachya aaspaschya deshat" rahat hote aanee pliny [3.22 (18)] aanee tolemy [3.1] doghehi aquilia, concordia aanee forum julie yanna "carney deshatil" "karnichya shaharanshi sambandhit asalyache sangatat. carnene bellenus yaa devatechi pooja kelee, jyachi pushti aquilia aanee tyachya aaspas sapadalelya asankhya matvadi shilalekhandware hote. freulichya uttarekadil dongral bhagache pracheen naav carnia ajunahi kayam aahe.
ii. sha. puu. 2yyaa shatkapasoon, freulila romananni vasahat keleeh roman samrajyakalat aquilia heey italiche chauthe sarvat mothe shahar hote, jeey italian prantachya (auguston pradesh 'venesia ett hysteria') 'regio ex' chee rajdhani hotee. heey shahar natisa nadivaril sarvat mahattvache nadee bandar hote, jeey adriatic samudra aanee uttar europe (yulia augusta rastyavarun vahoon nele jaanare) yanchyatil vyaparavar varchasva gajavat hote. adriatic samudravaril dhoranatmak sthitee aanee alpschya jawal asane heey equiliache mahatva aahe. heey sthan romla purvekadoon honanya anacharak aakramananmadhye adthala aanoo dete. julius seasurene hivalyat tyachya sainyala equiliamadhye chaufer thewale. forum yuli" (cividel dell frully) aanee "yuliyam carnicum" (zuglio) yasarkhya itar kendranchya vikasamule 5vya shatkachya suruvatila pahilya berber ghuskhoriparyant frulichya aarthik aanee sanskrutik sampattimadhye vaadh jhaali. tisya shatkachya shevatchya dashakanmadhye, milan aanee tyanantar, romchya dusya sthanasathi, italeet spardha karat, aquilia heey samrajyachya sarvat pratishthit bishprixpacky eka banale. hanachya aakramanane freulichya ghasaranichi suruvat jhalih alp sainyane sanrakshit kelelya aquiliala sharanagati patkaravi lagali aanee 452 madhye atilane tyacha padav keela. hunschya magharnantar, gradochya khadit aashray midalele vachalele lock shaharat paratale, parantu teey purnapane nasht jhalyache aadhalale. equiliachi punarrachana kadhihi purn jhaali nahee aanee tee kadhihi 'ex rigio' chya rajdhanichi junie bhavyata parat midvu shakali nahee. ekviliyachya pitrusattachya nirmitimule, paschim roman samrajyachya patananantarhi heey shahar mahattvache rahile. 6 vya shatkachya madhyapasoon teey italitil sarvoch charchchya adhikadhyanpaiki eka hote. freulian maidani bhagatil surakshecha abhav, serve mothya jangali aakramananche chaurastyanmule, anek lokanna khayya sarovarachya betanvar kinwa tatbandi asalelya dongral gavanmadhye aashray ghenyas bhag padale, jyamule pradeshachya adhik supic bhagachi samanya loksankhya qamee jhaali aanee parinami jangali 'gents' dware tyache vasahatikaran jhaale.
madhyayug.
paschim roman samrajyachya patananantar, freuli heey odosar samrajyache aanee tyanantar theodoric daad gretche hote. justinian I chya netrutvakhali byzantine punragman yaa pradeshat sankshipt hote, 568 madhye heey lombardsney jinkalelya pahilya prantanpaiki eka hote, jyanni panoniahoon aakraman kele aanee tyasah yaa pradeshatil greek-byzantine yug sampale. lombard raja alboinne freulichi duchy, pahili lombard duchy sthapan kelee aanee tee tyachya sambandhit pahilya gisalfala dilee. duchychi rajdhani 'forum yuli' (cividel dell frully) yethe sthapan karnyat aalee, jeey yaa bhagatil sarvat mahattvache shahar banale aanee jyasathi tyache naav padale.
freulichi duchy suruvatipasunach sarvat mahattvachya lombard dachipaiki eka hotee. panoniatun awar aanee gulamanchya aakramanachya dhokyachya virodhat tyane adthala mhanoon kaam kele. uttarekadil duchy, jeey mukutabarobar jawalun julalele hote (dakshinekade spauleto aanee beneventochya ulat), teey sarvat shaktishali hote, bahudha tyachya padayatrechya darjamule. nantarchya dukesmadhye, 744 madhye ratchy raja jhaala aanee tyacha ducal uttaradhikari, eystulph, 749 madhye raja mhanoon tyachya jaagi aala. itihaskar paul daad decan freulymadhye (730/5) janmala, tyane pudhe 'historiya langobardorum' lihile aanee sharlemenchya darbarat lattin vyakaran shikavale. aanakhi eka shikshak aanee charlesmencha vishvasoo sallagar polynus, cividel yethe janmala aanee akheris too equiliacha kulguru banala.
italiche rajya frankschya tabyat gelyanantar frankish modelnusar freulichya duchychi parganyanmadhye punarrachana karnyat aalee. 846 madhye freulichya koochmadhye yaa pradeshachi punha punarrachana karnyat aalee. hii kooch abadhit rajvanshala denyat aalee. 888 teey 924 darmyan italichya sinhasanasathichya tyachya sangharshadarmyan freuli haah berengar pahilacha sattecha paya banala.
tyachya rajvatit morchache rupantar jhaale, tyacha pradesh garda talavaparyant vistarla gela, rajdhani veronala halavali gelee aanee tyachya jaagi verona aanee equiliachi naveen kooch sthapan jhaali. haah pradesh aata eka shatkapeksha jaast kaal bavariyachya dachichya, nantar karinthiyachya dachichya adheen hota.
3 april 1077 roji samrat heinry 4 yane equiliache kulguru sigard yanna ducal darja asaleli freuli county dilee. tyanantarchya shatkanmadhye, pitrusattakanni shejaril triaste, istriya, carinthia, styria aanee cadorver aapale niyantran vadhavale. freuliche pitrusattak rajya heey italian madhyayugatil sarvottam sanghatit rajyanpaiki eka hote. 12vya shatkapasoon tyanchyakade samudayanche tasech kuleen aanee padrinche pratinidhitva karnari sansad hotee. hii sanstha keval sahaa shatake tikoon rahili, jee venesian varchasvachya kalatahi jiwant rahili parantu kamkuvat rahili. 1805 madhye, jevha napolean bonapartne too radd keela, tevha tyachi shevatchi baithak jhaali. randekchya (1365-1381) kulguru markwardne ekatra yeuun freuliche serve kayade sanhitabaddha kele aanee tyanna 'constitutions petriye foriuli' ('freuli deshache sanvidhan') mhanoon ghoshit kele. 1238 paryant cividel dell freuli heey pitrusattache sthan hote, jevha kulgurunni tyanche aasan udin yethe halavale, jithe tyanni eka bhavya episcopal imarat bandhali hotee. udin itake mahattvache hote qee kalantarane tee frulichi sansthatmak rajdhani bunley.
borban punarsanchayit karnyasathi venesian varchasva.
pitrusattak rajvat 1420 madhye sampalih austriyan samrajyachya shaktishali rajyanni, hangeriche rajya aanee venisache prajasattak yanni vedhalele, heey hangeri aanee venis yanchyatil yuddhache natya hote aanee nantarchya lokanni tyavar vijay midavala. pitrusattakanchya junya pradeshavar swatachya sansadeche rajya thevun, freuline svayattateche kahee swaroop kayam thewale, itar shahare aanee prantanna svayatta dilee nahee jee venis (agadi venesian prantannahi) adheen hotee; dusarikade, tyane aapale saranjami kulinpan dekhil kayam thewale, jeey kahee kaal jameen aanee tethil rahivashanvar tyanche saranjamdar adhikar rakhanyas saksham hote.
freuli hii 'steto daa terra' chee purv seema hotee aanee tyala ottoman hallyancha aanee austriyashi jhalelya seema yuddhancha donhi tras sahan karava lagla. yaa yuddhanmule grameen loksankhyet garibi aanee asthirata nirman jhaali, yuddh sainyane olandalelya jaminivar shetee karnyas asamarthata aanee pravasi sainikanna khayala denyasathi serve pashudhananna jabardastine sharanagati patkaravi lagali. venesian jahaje bandhanyasathi aavashyak asalelya lakadanchya kapanimule bajha freulana aanee central freuliche sampoorn jangaltod jhaali. venisne grameen freulian samudayanshi sambandhit samoohik shete tabyat ghetali, jyamule teey gambhirpane garib jhaale. 17 vya shatkat, tyanchi kharab aarthik sthitee door karnyasathi rokh rakkam gola karnyasathi, venis yaa malmatta vikanar hotya.
1630 chya dashakachya suruvatis, european bajarpethechya (aata ashiya teey africa teey amerikaparyant pohochat asalelya) vadhatya kshitijamule venesian prajasattakane sapeksh ghasaranimadhye pravesh keela. venisachi sarvat shrimant kutumbe anekada aarthik sansadhananna anutpadak guntavanukikade (visheshtah sthavar malmatta) nirdeshit karat asat, tarr udyog aanee sevanmadhil spardhatmakata qamee hott asey. freuliver vadhatya aarthik dabavacha parinam jhaala aanee tyache udyog aanee vyavsayik upkram prabhavit jhaale.
kahee itihaskaranchya matey, venisne palalelya rajkiy lokpriavadane saranjamshahichya sarvat dadapshahi aanee kalbahya prabhavanna maryadit karnyache marg shodhale. itar sanshodhak assa dawa karatat qee venesian kuleen sarkarne freulymadhye sarvat dadapshahichi saranjami sthitee kayam thewali. sthanik alpajantantra aanee kullinverg yanchya swatantra pravrutti aanee shakticha pratikar mhanoon shahari aanee grameen loksankhyecha pathimba sunishchit karnyasathi venesian sarkarne hii dhorane palali hotee.
joib grasse 1511' (sthool guruwar 1511) mhanoon olakhala jaanara eka mahattvacha jackwary 27 februwari roji udinesi nagarikanna upashi thevun suru karnyat aala. tyanantar shetkari tyanna sameel jhaale aanee kahee kuleen kutumbanchya saranjami rajvatichya virodhat bund sampoorn fryal pradeshat pasarale; itar kahee kuleen kutumbanni, jase qee venesian samarthak savorganan yanni suruvatila bandkhoranna pathimba deela. haah uthav punarujjivan italimadhil sarvat mothya bandanpaiki eka hota aanee too 27 februvaripasun 1 marchparyant chalala, jevha too sampala, jevha venisne bund dadapanyasathi sumare shambhar ghodadal pathavale. bandkhoranchya pramukhanna fashi denyat aalee, parantu freulian kulinanchya saranjami satta qamee jhalya.
1516 chya noyon kararansah venesian prajasattak aanee gorizia aanee gradisca county, jee aata habsberg gharanyachya hatat aahe, yanchyatil seema punha paribhashit karnyat aalee. venisne varchya isonzo khonyat (mhanje plezzo aanee idrias tolminocha gastaldia) gamavala, parantu tyane monfalcon, marano aanee paschim freulymadhil shade saranjamdar betanchi malika austriyachya aarchdyukmadhye (1543 paryant) thewali. 1615 teey 1617 darmyan venis aanee austriya punha gradisca dii 'isonzochya killyachya tabyat ghenyasathi ladhale. tathakathit gradiscache yuddh 'yathasthiti' kadey parat jaanyane sampale.
1516 pasoon habsberg samrajyane purv freuliver niyantran thewale, tarr paschim aanee madhya freuli heey venesian hote. 1797 madhye, campo formiochya tahanusar, freulicha haah bhag austriyachya tabyat denyat aala. 1805 pasoon borbanchya punarsthapaneparyantchya alp kalavadhisathi, freuli haah italian samrajyacha hota.
punarsthapanepasun teey mahan yuddhaparyant.
1815 madhye, viennachya congressne, madhya-paschim freulicha bhag asalelya venetochya, lombardy (purvi austriyan samrajya aanee venesian prajasattak yanchyat vibhagalele), lombardy-venesiachya samrajyachi sthapana karnyasathichya ektrikaranachi pushti kelee. purvekadil freulicha kathputali rajyat samavesh navhata. 1838 madhye, austriyan lokanchya ichchemule portogruro jilha freuli prantatoon kadhoon taknyat aala aanee too venis prantala denyat aala. portogruro haah byanch kalapasoon freulicha bhag hota, agadi venesian prajasattakachya akhtyaritahi aanee yaa bhagat freuli bhasha bolali jaat asey. 1866 madhye, tisya italian swatantryayuddhanantar madhya freuli (aajcha udeen prant) aanee paschim freuli (aajcha pordenon prant) italine venetos jodale, tarr purv freuli (gorizia aanee gradisca county) pahilya mahayuddhachya shevataparyant austriyachya akhtyarit rahili.
carl wonn zornig-chernhossencha vanshik nakasha, joou keey. neey jaaree keela aahe. yuu. keey. 1855 madhye sankhyikichya prashasanat austriyan samrajyat rahana ekoon 401,357 freulian lokanchi nond kelee gelee. bahusankhya freulian (351,805) freulichya tyaa bhagat rahat hote jeey lombardy-venesia samrajyashi sambandhit hote, tarr itar (49.552) austriyan kustenlandchya freulian bhaganmadhye rahat hote. freulian heey italian lokanpeksha vegale tyanchi swatachi shreni mhanoon nondanikrut hote.
pahilya mahayuddhachya kalat, freuli heey yuddhkshetra hote jyache nagri lokansathi, visheshtah caporatochya ladhaisathi gambhir parinam jhaale.
svayattavadi chalvali.
dusya mahayuddhanantar, 1945 madhye hastantaran samarthak chalvalila gatee midali. freuli yaa pradeshat karyarat asalelya virodhi shaktinchya bhoolbhulaiyyat adakala. yugoslavian titoistanni vadhatya samyavadi yugoslaviamadhye freulichya vilinikaranala pathbal dile. yaulat, 1945 madhye, italimadhye swayatt freuli sthapan karnyachya uddeshane tiziano tesitorine pattry taal frewl yaa paramparavadi sanghatanechi sthapana kelee. swayatt prakalpacha masuda khrishchan democratic pakshachya pathimbyane suru karnyat aala.
janewari 1947 madhye, kavee aanee chitrapat nirmate piir paolo pasolini yanni hastantaranachya tyach uddeshane paksh movimiento popolari fruelanochi sthapana kelee. pasolini yugoslavianchya sambhavya vilinikaranala virodh keela, parantu tyach velee jyanni tyanchya sthiratavadi, "magas rudhivadasathi" pradeshiktecha vapar karnyacha uddesh thewala hota tyanchyavar jordar teeka kelee. khristi lokshahivadi lock aapale dhage odhayala aalyanantar pasolini aaplya pakshache sadasyatva sodale. italichya samyavadi pakshane italian kendrivadi ajendyala chikatoon rahoon hastantaranala virodh keela.
jaree sarvajanik jeevanat freulan hii bhasha kvachitach vaparali jaat asali taree sumare 3,50,000 lock tee tyanchi mool bhasha asalyacha dawa karatat. freuli chalval, front furlan, pattry furlane aanee republic daal freelment furlan yasarkhya kahee chalvali aanee rajkiy paksh aahet jeey adhik svayattateche kinwa aitihasik simannusar swatantra freuliche samarthan karatat.
pradeshik bhasha aanee bolibhasha.
manak italian hii yaa pradeshachi prathamik adhikrut bhasha asali taree itar anek pradeshik bhasha aanee bolibhasha freuli bhashet bolalya jaatat.
udeen, gorizia aanee pordenon yaa prantanmadhye freulian bhasha bolali jaate.
venesian aanee tichya bolibhasha samanyatah paschim simavarti pradeshanmadhye (aitihasik karanansathi) bolalya jaatat.eae. pordenon), kahee antargat shaharanmadhye (mhanje.eae. gorizia ii.), aanee aitihasikdrushtya adriatic kinanyavaril kahee thikani.
freulichya aagney bhagat, eka venesian sankramankalin bolibhasha bolali jaate, jyala "bisiaco" mhanatat, jyacha slovin aanee freulian yaa donhincha prabhav aahe.
venesian slovenia mhanoon olakhalya jaananya grameen simavarti parvatiy pradeshat slovin bolibhasha bolalya jaatat. german (bavarian boolii) hii valle canalemadhye (mukhytah tarvicio aanee ponteba) bolali jaate; valle canalechya kahee nagarpalikanmadhye (visheshtah malborgeto walbrunamadhye), carinthian slovenian bolibhashahi bolalya jaatat. goriziachya uttares asalelya "kolio" bhagatahi slovin bolali jaate. ratia khonyat, venesian slovenia aanee valle canell darmyan, bahutek rahivasi ajunahi slovinchi eka pracheen boolii bolatat, jyala resian mhanatat. italian sarkarchya adhikrut andajanusar, 45,000 teey 51,000 slovin bhashik freulymadhye rahatatah gorizia prantat sumare 11,000 aanee urvarit udin prantat rahatat. sthalantaramule, udain prantatil bahutek slovin bhashik tyanchya paramparik sankshipt vasahati kshetrabaher rahatat.
german-sambandhit bolibhasha (rogasaxansarkhya) timau, zahare (sauri) aanee plooden (sappada) yasarkhya anek pracheen antahkshetranmadhye bolalya jaatat.
tyanchya aitihasik bhagat keval freulian, slovenian aanee german yaa sthanik duyyam adhikrut bhasha asanyachi parvanagi aahe, parantu tyanchya sambandhit bolibhasha nahee.
laghugrah.
yaa pradeshachya sanmanarth laghugrah 212705 frylala naav denyat aale. adhikrut 25 september 2018 () roji minor planet centerne prakashit kele.