odhalela surung sonar

odhalelya arrey sonar hii panbudichya mage kinwa kebalvareel prushthbhagavaril jahajachya mage odhalya odhalya hydrophone pranali aahe. jahajachya mage hydrophonechya mage, kilometer lamb asoo asoo kebalvar, aarreche sensor jahajachya swatachya aavaj strotanpasun door thevatat, signal-too-noise gunottarat mothya pramanat sudharana karatat aanee mhanunach shant, qamee aavaj utsarjak panbudiche dhoke kinwa bhookampachya sanketansarkhe mand sampark shodhanyachi aanee tyancha magova ghenyachi parinamkarakta.
hull-aarohit sonarchya tulanet eka tovad arrey utkrusht resolution aanee shreni pradan karate. tyat patalavar basalele sonarche andhabindu, heey adthale dekhil jhakalele asatat. tathapi, pranalicha prabhavi vapar jahajacha veg maryadit karato aanee kebalache nuksan honyapasoon sanrakshn karnyasathi kalji ghene aavashyak aahe.
itihas.
pahilya mahayuddhachya kalat, 'electric eel' mhanoon olakhali jaanari eka odhaleli sonar rachana harvey heyas, aii yuu yanni vikasit kelee hotee.ess. naudal bhautikshastradnya. hii pranali pahili odhaleli sonar rachana asalyache manale jaate. tyat done kebalacha vapar keela gela, pratyeki eka dozen hydrophone jodalele hote. yuddhanantar haah prakalp bund karnyat aala.
yuu.ess. soviet unionne aanvik-chalit panbudyanchya vikasala pratisad mhanoon 1960 chya dashakat naudalane tovad arrey tantradnyanacha vikas punha suru keela.
odhalelya saranicha sadhyacha vapar.
prushthbhagavaril jahajanvar, odhalelya arrey cables samanyatah drummadhye sathavalya jaatat, nantar vaparat asatana jahajamage fekalya jaatat. yuu.ess. naudalachya panbudya samanyatah bahereel nalimadhye odhalelya sarani sathavatat, jyaa jahajachya prushthbhagavar basavalya jaatat aanee starboardchya shepativar eka ughad asato. ballast takimadhye (mukt puur kshetra) upkarane dekhil aahet, tarr pranali chalvanyasathi vaparlele cabinet panbudichya aat aahe.
tovad arrey pranalitil hydrophone kebalachya bajoone vishisht antaravar thewale jaatat, dhwani strotavar trikon karanyachi moolbhut kshamata prapt karnyasathi antim ghatak purese door asatat. tyachpramane, vividh ghatakanna varr kinwa khalee konat thewale jaate, jyamule lakshyachi andaje ubhya kholee trikon karanyachi kshamata milate. vaikalpikaritya teen kinwa adhik arrey khol shodhanyat madat karnyasathi vaparale jaatat.
jahajachya pranodakapasun pahilya kahee shambhar meterver sahasa hydrophone nasatat, kaaran tyanchi parinamkarakta aavaj (pokali aanee patangachya pravahache aavaj), pranodanane nirman jhalelya compan aanee ashantatemule qamee hote-jeey jahajavar basavalelya saranjamanchya samaan samasyanchi punaravrutti karel. prushthbhagavaril jahajandware vaparlya jaanarya palat thevanyachya tovad arrey sensor pranalinmadhye kebalvar sonar arrey basavala jaato, joou khol-samayojit durastha chalit vahan (aar. oo. vhee.) khechato. aanakhi eka bharit kebal rove connectormadhun payutar houu shakate, jyamule odhalelya aarela qamee kholvar sodale jaau shakate. lamb bhookampachya pravahanmadhye tyanchya lambichya bajoone madhyavarti paravane asatat jyacha vapar vastavik velet aarechi kholee samayojit karnyasathi keela jaau shakato.
jahajatil khol badalamule, eka odhalelya jahajala vegvegalya aushnik tharanmadhye tainat karata yete, jyamule prushthbhagavaril panbudivirodhi yuddh (aii. ess. doubleu.) jahajala tharavaril aanee khalchya bajus eka drushya disate. heey ghanata aanee tapmanatil farkanchi bharpai karate, jeey paravartanadvare aushnik tharachya varr kinwa khalee aavaj chalavatat. saranichi 'shepati' tharakhali takoon, prushthbhagavaril ess. doubleu. platform ubdar varchya tharachya khalee thund panyat lapoon asalela shant, budalela sampark adhik changlya prakare shodhu shakato. panbudi tyachpramane khalee lapoon rahoon tyachya rachanechi shepati aushnik tharachya varr tarangavun prushthbhagavaril ladhvayyanche nirikshan karoo shakate.
dhwani srot shodhanyasathi arreche hydrophone vaparale jaau shakatat, parantu arreche vastavik moolya asey aahe qee beamforming aanee fourier vishleshanache signal processing tantra keval dhwani strotache antar aanee disha mojanyasathich navhe tarr tyachya yantrasamagrichya dhvanichya vishisht, dhwanik swaksharidware jahajacha prakar olakhanyasathi dekhil vaparale jaau shakate. yasathi, hydrophone sapeksh sthitee jaanun ghene aavashyak aahe, samanyatah kebal saral reshet (sthir) asel tarach kinwa jevha swayam-samvedan pranali (taana mojmap pahaa) kinwa jee. pii. ess. kinwa kebalmadhye embed kelelya itar paddhati aanee hydrophone ghatakanchya sapeksh sthiticha ahwal, arrechya aakaravar laksh thevanyasathi aanee vakratesathi yogya asel tevhach shakya hote.
udaharanarth, thelschya panyakhalil pranalinche captas-2 (nishkriy aanee sakriy sonar) 60 kimeeparyant shodhanyachi shreni asalyacha dawa karatat aanee tyache vajan 16 tunn aahe. judd captas-4 chey vajan 20-34 tii aahe aanee 150 kimeeparyant shodhanyachi shreni asalyacha dawa karato.
bhubhautikimadhye vapar.
teel aanee vayoo udhyogadvare samudratalakhalil bhoogarbhiy rachananchya bhookampachya shodhasathi dekhil tovad arrey pranalicha vapar keela jaato. vaparlelya pranali sankalpanet naudal pranalipramanech asatat, parantu samanyatah tyaa lamb asatat aanee dilelya shrenimadhye adhik pravahak asatat (kahee prakarananmadhye 6 kinwa adhik). pratyek pravahkavar hydrophone vishisht antar done meterchya kramane asate aanee pratyek pravahak 10 kimeeparyant lamb asoo shakato. tathakathit tathakathit shreni denyasathi kadhikadhi pravahak vegvegalya unchivar udavale jaatat.
maryada.
tovad arrey pranalichya prabhavi vaparasathi, deta samplingchya madhyantaravar jahajala saral, stariy marg rakhane aavashyak asate. davpech karane kinwa marg badalane, rachnet adthala aanate aanee namunedar deta pravahache vishleshan guntaguntiche karate. asthiratechya yaa kalkhandanchi sagari chachanyandarmyan barkaine chachani kelee jaate aanee teey teey adhikari aanee soochibaddha sonar tadnyanna maheet asate. aadhunik pranali, rachana, ghatak teey ghatak yanchya sapeksh sthitiche satat swa-mapan karoon, beamforming ganeet prakriyecha bhag mhanoon sangankandware vakratesathi svayamchalitapane durust karata yeil asha mahiticha ahwal deuun bharpai karatat. 
eka odhalela sanch tainat keela jaato tevha jahajane tyacha ekoon uchch veg dekhil maryadit keela pahije. jaal-gatishil odh veg vargakar karya mhanoon vadhate aanee tee kebal fadoo shakate kinwa tyachya mooring hardwareche nuksan karoo shakate. yavyatirikt, odhalelya rachanechya tarangatyatenusar kiman veg nishchit karava lagoo shakato (lashkari rachneteel rachaneche mishran budnyasathi vaparale jaate, bhubhautikiy rachneteel rachaneche pariman sumare 10 meterver tatasthapane taranganare manale jaate). samudraspatichya samparkat aalyane kinwa jahaj jarr apbhransh pranodan chalvat asel tarr, kinwa teey khoop ghatt vakale tarr dekhil nuksan houu shakate.

