
british bharatacha itihas

daad histree auph british india heey scottish itihaskar, arthshastradnya, rajkiy siddhantkar aanee tatvadnyani james mill yanche teen khandanche karya aahe, jyat bharatatil company rajvaticha itihas mandala aahe. 1817 madhye pahilyanda prakashit jhalele heey kaam twarit yashasvi jhaale aanee giranisathi 'samruddhiche thodese' midale. mill yanni bharatiy itihasache pramukh rajkiy shakti aanee tyanchya dharmik sambandhanchya aadhare hindu, muslim aanee british kalkhandat vargikaran kele. mill yanni namood kele qee teey kadhihi bharatat aale navhate aanee konatyahi bharatiy bhasha bolu shakat navhate, jaree tyanni assa dawa keela qee yamule kamache naitik uddisht sudharle. yaa granthat mill yanni varanvar hindu sanskruti aanee paramparancha nishedh keela aanee itihaskaranni tyaa kalat brittenmadhil bharatiyavirodhi bhavananche udaharan mhanoon yakade pahile aahe.
utpatti.
james milane 1808 madhye bharatatil company rajvatichya itihasavar eka pustak lihayala suruvat kelee, tyala sumare saat varshe lagtil ashee apeksha hotee, parantu teey purn honyas baaraa varshe lagali, akheris 1818 chya suruvatila teen mahattvapoorn khand prakashit jhaale. heey kaam lagech yashasvi jhaale aanee giranisathi prathamach "samruddhiche thodese" surakshit kele gele. yamule, david ricardo aanee joseph humey yanchya pathimbyane, 1819 madhye british east india companyt patravyavahar parikshak mhanoon sahayyak (nantarche pramukh) mhanoon mill yanchi niyukti jhaali, jyacha varshik pagar 800 pound hota. 1836 madhye, jevha tyancha mrutyu jhaala, tevha heey utpann sumare 2,000 paundparyant vadhale hote.
milache charitrakar broos mazlish yanni heey kaam lihinyachya prarambhi milchya uddeshabaddal vyavharik drushtikon ghetala, heey lakshat gheuun qee 
saransh.
british bharatacha itihas' heey eka smarak karya aahe jyamadhye james mill bharatiy itihas, charitrya, dharm, sahitya, qalaa aanee kayade pradarshit karnyasathi nighale aanee bharatiy havamanacha prabhav dekhil spasht kele. bharatavishayichi ektrit mahitee vyapak saiddhantik chaukatit shodhanyache uddishtahi tyanni thewale.
yaa kamachi suruvat eka prastavanepasun hote jyamadhye milane namood kele aahe qee tyane kadhihi bharatala bhet dilee navhati aanee tyala tyateel konatihi mool bhasha mahit navhati. tyachyasathi, hii tyachya vastunishthatechi hummy aahe aanee tyane assa dawa keela qee - 
tathapi, mill yaa prastavnet pudhe mhanatat qee tyanche karya eka "gambhir kinwa nirnayak itihas" aahe, jyamadhye hindu chaliritinche ektech kathor nirnay aanee andhavishvas, adnyan aanee mahilanshi gairvartan yasathi ullekhaneey asalelya "magas" sanskraticha nishedh aahe. 1829 madhye satee mhanoon olakhalya jaananya tichya patichya mrutyunantar vidhva mahilela aatmahatya karnyas bhag padnyachya hindu paramparevar ingrajanni bandee ghalanyat tyanche karya prabhavi tharale.
aitihasik drushtikonatun, mill ingraji aanee nantar, britishanchya adhigrahananchi katha sangate. 
bharatatil vistrut pradesh, yaa adhigrahananmadhye aanee nantarchya jinkalelya pradeshanchya prashasanamadhye sameel asalelyanvar teeka karat, tasech east india companychya malkichya vyavsayik maktedarichya hanikarak parinamanvar prakash taktat. eka tatvadnyani mhanoon, mill yanni bharatiy sanskratinchya varnanat rajkiy siddhant lagoo keela. sanstha, kalpana aanee aitihasik prakriyanmadhye tyanchi ruchi aahe, tarr tyanchya karyat manvi swarsyacha tulanene abhav aahe, kaaran teey robbert clive, warren hastings aanee british bharatachya itihasatil itar aaghadichya kheladunchi kinwa tyanchya prasiddha ladhayanchi sansmaraniy chitre rangavanyacha prayatna karat naheet. kharey tarr, 'itihas' laa 'benthamite' 'tatvik itihas' chey kaam mhatale gele aahe, jyatoon vachkane manvi swabhav, tark aanee dharm yabaddal dhade ghetale pahijet."
girani kadhihi bharatat aalee navhati, taree tyanchya karyacha deshavar rajya karnyachya british vyavasthevar kholvar parinam jhaala, tasech nantarche tyanche bharatashi asalele adhikrut sambandhahi.
prachyavadi horace heyman willson yanni nantarchya aavruttyanche sampadan kele aanee '1805 teey 1835 paryant british bharatacha itihas' yaa shirshakakhali 1835 paryant itihasacha vistar keela. bharat aanee tethil bhashambaddalchya swatachya dnyanavar aadharit tyanni giranichya kamat nondihi jodalya. "daad histree auph british india' ajunahi chhapanyat yet aahe.
aniyantrit kalpanah james milcha british india aanee prachyavadacha itihas" (1993) yaa tyachya parichayamadhye, itihaskar javed majeed yanni yaa karyakade pahana "vasahatvadi sanvad" chya drushtikonavirodhat yuktivad keela, tarr "james mill aanee daad despotism auph philosophy" (2009) madhye, david messinerni yanni milcha "british indiyacha itihas" dnyanachya itihasashi aanee visheshtah william robertsonchya "pracheen kalatil bharatiy dnyanavishayichya aitihasik chaukashishi" kassa sambandhit aahe yavar vichar keela. tyancha assa yuktivad aahe qee mill yanni tyancha sarkarcha siddhant pratham 'british bharatachya itihasat' prakashit keela aanee vark milchya itihasacha vapar tarkvadi nahee parantu aitihasik nondi prashasanachya sudharaneshi kasha sambandhit aahet yachee anubhavjanya sankalpana samavisht karate.
bharatiyanchi matey.
itihaskar thomas trotman yanchya matey, james mill yancha atyant prabhavshali 'british bharatacha itihas' (1817)-visheshtah daha adhyayancha samavesh asalela 'hinduncha' haah dirgh nibandh-haah british indophobia aanee prachyavadaprati shatrutva yancha ekmev mahattvacha srot aahe."hindunmadhil samanya pratibimb" yaa shirshakachya adhyayat, mill yanni lihile qee, "hindunchya chamakatya bahereel bhagat, fasavanuk aanee labadpana karanyachi samanya pravrutti aahe." 
 milcha british bharatacha itihas eka ullekhaneey prastavanepasun suru hoto. too mhanato qee too kadhihi bharatat aala nahee aanee konatyahi mool bhasha jaanun ghene haah tyacha fayda aahe aanee tyachya vastunishthatechi hummy aahe. parantu, vastunishtha asanyaivaji, teey mhanatat tyapramane, tyancha itihas 'gambhir kinwa nirnayak' aahe, jyache hindu pratha aanee prathanvaril nirnay visheshtah kathor aahet. teey tyanchya 'ashisht' aanee 'magas' sanskraticha, tichya adnyan, andhavishvas aanee mahilanshi honanya gairvartanukibaddal nishedh karatat aanee bharatiy sanstha aanee paddhatinmadhye sampoorn sudharana karnyachya bajoone aahet yaat shanka nahee.
max mueller yanni bharatiy heey 'nikrusht vansh' aahet yaa mataviruddha yuktivad keela, keval assa drushtikon chukicha hota mhanoon navhe tarr tyane tethil ingrajanche jeevan 'naitik nirvasana' kele mhanoon. asha chukichya kalpana aanee 'vish' chaa eka srot james mill yancha british bharatacha itihas hota aanee aajahi aahe, joou tyanchya matey bharatat ghadalelya 'kahee sarvat mothya durdaivansathi' jababdar hota. jeey bharatavar rajya karnyasathi baher jaat hote tyanni 'rashtriy purvagrah door kele pahijet, jeey eka prakarchya vedepanat rupantarit honyas yogya aahet'.
aavrutya.
pachvi aavrutti.
pachvi aavrutti (1858), daha khandanmadhye, horace heyman willson yanni sampadit kelee aahe. pahile sahaa khand aadhichya sahaa khandanchya aavruttivar aadharit aahet, tarr saat teey nauu khand aadhichya teen khandanchya aavruttivar aadharit aahet. dahava khand haah eka nirdeshank khand aahe, joou done anukramanikanmadhye vibhagalela aahe, pahila eka teey sahaa khandansathicha nirdeshank, dusra saat teey nauu khandansathicha nirdeshank.