mukhya bhoomi tanzania

zanzibar bete vagalata, mukhya bhoomi tanzania mhanje africa khandatil tanzaniacha bhag. heey purvichya tanganyika deshachya kshetrashi sambandhit aahe.
tanzaniachya 31 paiki 26 pradesh mukhya bhoomivar sthit aahet.
bhoogol.
ishanya tanzaniyamadhye dongral bhoobhag aahe aanee tyat meru parvat, eka sakriy jwalamukhi, kilimanjaro parvat, eka supt jwalamukhi aanee usambara aanee pere parvatarangancha samavesh aahe. kilimanjaro darvarshi hajaro paryatakanna aakarshit karate. tyaa parvatanchya paschimes gregory phaat aahe, jee gret phaat phaat purvekadil bajoo aahe. yaa darichya jaminivar anek mothe meeth talav aahet, jyat uttarela natron, dakshinela manyara aanee nairutyela aayasi yancha samavesh aahe. yaa darimadhye darimadhye dongral pradeshanchahi samavesh aahe, jyat nagorongoro sanwardhan kshetra aanee nagorongoro khada yancha samavesh aahe. natron talavachya agadi dakshines ol donio lengai aahe, joou natrocarbonate lava tayar karnara jagatil ekmev sakriy jwalamukhi aahe. khadda dongral pradeshanchya paschimes serengeti rashtriy udyan aahe, jeey sinh, bibate, hatti, gende aanee mhashi tasech lakho mhanoon daadh asalelya jangali bibtyanchya varshik sthalantarasathi prasiddha aahe. udyanachya agadi aagneyela olduvai dareet, jithe anek sarvat june hominid jivashma aanee kalakruti sapadalya aahet.
aanakhi vayvyes kenya-uganda-tanzania simevar victoriya sarovar aahe. prushthbhagachya kshetrafalanusar haah aafriketil sarvat motha talav aahe aanee tyala paramparikpane nail nadicha srot mhanoon naav denyat aale aahe. yachya nairutyela, tanzaniala kangochya lokshahi prajasattakapasun vegale karnare, tanganyika sarovar aahe. cyberiatil baikal talavanantar haah jagatil dusra sarvat khol talav asalyacha andaj aahe. victoriya, tanganyika aanee malavi yaa talavanmadhil deshachya paschim bhagat sapat jameen aahe, jee jaagtik vanyajeev nidhidware madhyavarti zambezian miyombo vankshetranchya paryavaraniy kshetracha bhag mhanoon vargikrut kelee gelee aahe. kalambo dhabdhabyachya agadi varchya bajula, aafriketil sarvat mahattvachya puratatva sthalanpaiki eka aahe. tanzaniache dakshinekadil dongral pradesh deshachya nairutya bhagat, malavi talavachya uttar tokajaval aahet. mabeya heey dakshinekadil dongral bhagatil sarvat mothe shahar aahe.
tanzaniachya madhyabhagi eka motha pathar aahe, joou purv africi patharacha bhag aahe. yaa patharacha dakshin ardha bhag purv miyombo vankshetranchya paryavaraniy pradeshatil gavatal pradesh aahe, jyapaiki bahutansh bhag vishal cellus rashtriy udyanane vyapalela aahe. pudhe uttares pathar heey khetilayak aahe aanee tyat rashtriy rajdhani dodoma samavisht aahe.
purv kinarpattivar tanzaniache sarvat mothe shahar aanee daar ess salam hii purvichi rajdhani aahe. yaa shaharachya agadi uttares zanzibar dweepsamuh aahe, joou tanzaniacha ardh-swayatt pradesh aahe joou masalyansathi prasiddha aahe. yaa talavachya purv aafriketil kharfuti, kharfutichya daldaliche kshetra aahet, jeey jaminivar aanee panyat vanyajivansathi eka mahattvache adhivas aahet.
itihas.
tanganyika.
bhaugolik aanee rajkiy astitva mhanoon tanganyika heey uchch samrajyavadachya kalapurvi aakar ghet navhate; tyache naav 1920 madhye german purv africa heey rashtranchya sanghatnene united kingdamla aadesh mhanoon hastantarit kelyanantarach vaparale gele. mhanoon yethe jyacha ullekh keela jaato too mhanje tyaa pradeshacha itihas joou tanzania honar hota. gret lake pradeshacha eka bhag, mhanje victoriya talavachya paschim talavachya anek lahan rajye hotee, visheshtah buzinza aanee kargwe, jyanvar tyanche adhik shaktishali shejari buganda, burundi aanee ravanda yanche varchasva hote.
hote shatkachya madhyat aateel bhagacha european shodh suru jhaala. 1848 madhye german missionary johannes ribman haah kilimanjaro parvat pahanara pahila european tharala. british sanshodhak richard berton aanee johnn speek yanni juuna 1857 madhye antargat bhag olandun tanganyika talav paar keela. janewari 1866 madhye, gulamanchya vyaparachya virodhat ladha denara scottish sanshodhak aanee missionary david livingstone, zanzibarla gela, jithun tyane nayalcha srot shodhala aanee tanganyika talavachya talavachya ujiji yethe tyache shevatche mission sthapit kele. anek varshe bahereel jagashi sampark tutalyanantar, 10 november 1871 roji too tithe sapadala. newyork herald vruttapatrane tyala shodhanyasathi prasiddhi stuntmadhye pathavalelya heinry morton stanlyne, aata prasiddha asalelya 'dow. livingstone, mea gruheet dharato?' yaa shabdanni tyache swagat kele."1877 madhye belgian mohimanchya maliketil pahile zanzibarvar pohochale. yaa mohimandarmyan, 1879 madhye tanganyika talavachya purv paschim kigoma yethe eka sthanak sthapan karnyat aale, tyanantar lavkarach viruddha paschim paschim mapal sthanak sthapan karnyat aale. donhi sthanakanchi sthapana comitte dii 'atudes du haat congo yaa congo mukt rajyachya purvavarti sansthechya navane karnyat aalee hotee. german vasahatvadi hitsambandh pahilyanda 1884 madhye pudhe aale. carl peaters, jyane german vasahatvadasathi societychi sthapana kelee, tyane anek kararanchi malika purn kelee jyadvare aadivasi pramukhanni samajala pradesh deela. 1885 madhye prince oto wonn bismarkchya sarkarne bismarkchya protsahanasah peaters yanni sthapan kelelya german purv africa companyla shahee sanrakshn dile.
1885 chya berlin parishadet, kigomachi sthapana aanee puravatha zanzibar aanee bagamoyo yethoon karnyat aala hota yaa vastusthitimule german purv aafrikecha belgiumchya fayadhyasathi kongochya paramparik paramparik pradeshat samavesh jhaala. vyapak samajanchya ulat, berlinmadhil mejavar, aafrikechi falani jhaali navhati; tyaeivaji, vasahati aanee snrakshak rajyanchya sthapanet pudhe kase jayache yasathi vasahatvadi shakti aanee sambhavya vasahatvadi shaktinmadhye niyam sthapit kele gele. belgian swarasya lavkarach kango nadivar kendrit jhaale, british aanee germananni purv aafrikevar laksh kendrit kele aanee 1886 madhye purv aafrikeche khandiy vibhajan kele; zanzibarchi saltanat, jee aata zanzibar aanee pemba betanparyant maryadit aahe, tee sadhya swatantra rahili. kango mukt rajyane akheris kigoma (madhya aafriketil tyache sarvat june sthanak) aanee tanganyika talavachya purvekadil konatyahi pradeshavaril aapala dawa germanyla sodaycha hota.
pahile mahayuddha.
1914 madhye germanyne tanga shaharavarun ayashasvi hallah karoon shatrutvala suruvat kelee. tyanantar november 1914 madhye ingrajanni shaharavar hallah keela, parantu general paul wonn leto-vorbekchya sainyane tangachya ladhait tyanna hanoon padale. janewari 1915 madhye british shahee naudalane mafiya betavar kabja keela. tathapi, "tanga aanee tyanantarchya asankhya chhotya sangharshanvar hallah [darshavite]... [german sainyane] aanee heey spasht kele qee [german purv africa] jinkanyapurvi eka shaktishali sainya sanghatit kele jaane aavashyak aahe... haatee ghetale. assa eka udyog hota... european yuddhbhumivar aanee itaratra adhik anukool paristhitichi pratiksha karane. pann julai 1915 madhye, ess. madheel shevatche german sainya.doubleu. africene sharanagati patkarali... aanee aavashyak shaktiche kendrak... upalabdh jhaale."ishanya aanee nairutya bhagatil british sainyane aanee vayvyekadil belgian sainyane janewari 1916 pasoon german sainyavar satatyane hallah keela aanee tyancha parabhav keela. aktoobar 1916 madhye, general smuts yanni lihile," "mahenge pathar [german] vagalata tyanchya vasahaticha pratyek nirogi kinwa maulyavan bhag gamavala aahe".
germanypasoon door gelelya general wonn letone aavashyakatenusar sampoorn 1917 madhye eka chhapamar moheem rabavali, jaminibaher rahat aanee vistrut kshetravar vikhurale. decembermadhye, urvarit german sainyane ruvuma nadee olandun portugij mozambikmadhye vasahat rikami kelee. tyaa sainyat 320 german sainik aanee 2,500 askari sainik asalyacha andaj hota. hota shevatchya sahaa mahinyant 1,618 german aanee 5,482 askari marle gele kinwa pakadale gele. november november, tyachya urvarit sainyane 155 europeey, 1,165 askari, 2,294 african kulya ityadincha samavesh asalelya sadhyachya mabala, zambia jawal aatmasamarpan kele., aanee 819 african mahila.
vharsaychya tahanusar, germanyne german purv aafrikesah tichi serve paradeshi malmatta sodali. brittonne yuddhat 3,443 purush aanee rogane 6,558 purush gamavale. belgiumchi samatulya sankhya 683 aanee 1,300 hotee. germanyne 734 europeey aanee 1,798 african gamavale.
british rajvat.
pahile mahayuddha sampalyanantar surr horace dhanurdhar see. emm. jee. heey pahile british nagri prashasak hote, jyanchi niyukti 31 janewari 1919 roji shahee aayogane kelee hotee. janewari 1920 madhye vasahatiche naav badaloon tanganyika pradesh asey karnyat aale. september 1920 madhye tanganyika aadeshanusar, parishadene, 1920 madhye, pradeshachya prarambhik seema, karyakari parishad aanee rajyapal aanee pramukh senapatichi karyalaye sthapan karnyat aalee. rajyapal 1926 paryant ghoshana kinwa adhyadeshadvare kayade karat hota.
britton aanee belgiumne 1924 madhye tanganyika aanee ruanda-rundi yanchyatil simebabat karar keela.
governor biot yanni maryadit sthanik rajyala protsahan deuun african sansthanche punarujjivan karnyasathi upayayojana kelya. tyanni 1922 madhye tanganyika territory african sivil service associationsarkhya rajkiy sanghanchya sthapanela adhikrut kele, jee 1929 madhye tanganyika african association bunley aanee nantar rashtravadi chalvalicha gabha bunley. 1923 chya sthanik pradhikaran adhyadeshannusar, kahee manyataprapt pramukhanna maryadit adhikar denyat aale hote jeey sthanik paramparik kayadyadvare dilelya adhikarancha vapar dekhil karoo shakat hote.
surr donald cameron 1925 madhye tanganyikache rajyapal jhaale... vasahatvadi prashasakeey dhoranachya vikasat, visheshtah paramparik sthanik sthanik 'apratyaksh rajvat' sthapan karnyachya jordar prayatnanshi sambandhit asalyane, tyala khoop mahatva hote."apratyaksh rajvatibabat rajyapal batt yanchya dhorananvar teey pramukh tikakar hote, jyacha purava tyanchya sthanik prashasana nivedan kra. 1, sthanik prashasanachi tattve aanee tyancha vapar.
1926 madhye, saat anadhikrut (done bharatiyansah) aanee tera adhikrut sadasyansah vidhan parishadechi sthapana karnyat aalee, jyanche karya rajyapalanni jaaree kelelya adhyadeshanna sallah dene aanee sammati dene heey hote. 1945 madhye, parishadevar pahilya africi lokanchi niyukti karnyat aalee. 1948 madhye governor edward twinning yanchya netrutvakhali 15 anadhikrut sadasya (7 europeey, 4 africi aanee 4 bharatiy) aanee 14 adhikrut sadasyansah parishadechi punarrachana karnyat aalee. 1954 madhye julius nyerere haah anadhikrut sadasyanpaiki eka banala. 1955 madhye 44 anadhikrut sadasya (10 europeey, 10 african, 10 bharatiy aanee 14 sarkari pratinidhi) aanee 17 adhikrut sadasyansah parishadechi punha punarrachana karnyat aalee.
governor cameron yanni 1929 madhye sthanik nyayalayancha adhyadesh kra. 5, jyane tyaa nyayalayanna vasahatvadi nyayalayanchya adhikarkshetratun kadhoon takale aanee swatah rajyapalakade antim upay mhanoon apeal karanyachi vyavastha kelee.
swatantrya.
1954 madhye, julius nyerere, eka shaley shikshak, jeey tevha vidyapith staravar shikalelya keval done tanganyikan lokanpaiki eka hote, tyanni tanganyika african national union (tannoo) yaa rajkiy pakshachi sthapana kelee. 9 december 1961 roji, british samratala tangnyikachi ranee mhanoon kayam thevat, tanganyika swatantra jhaali aanee naveen sanvidhananusar nyerere pantpradhan jhaale. 9 december 1962 roji, "mwalimu" julius combarage nyerere heey tangnyikache pahile adhyaksh mhanoon prajasattak sanvidhan lagoo karnyat aale.
26 april 1964 roji, tanganyika aanee zanzibar ekatra yeuun tanganyika aanee zanzibarche sanyukt prajasattak sthapan jhaale. tyach varshi 29 aktoobar roji deshache naav badaloon sanyukt prajasattak tanzania asey karnyat aale. tanzania heey naav 'tanganyika' aanee 'zanzibar' yanche mishran aahe aanee purvi tyala konatehi mahatva navhate. yaa sangharajyachya atinnusar, zanzibar sarkar lakshaniy sthanik svayatta rakhoon thevate.
loksankhya.
1919 madhye loksankhya 3,500,000 asalyacha andaj vartavanyat aala hota.
1931 madhye jhalelya jangananenusar 32,398 ashiyai aanee 8,228 europeey lokanvyatirikt sthanik lokanmadhye tanganyikachi loksankhya 5,022,640 ashee sthapit jhaali.
1957 madhye, keval 15 shaharanmadhye 5,000 hoon adhik rahivasi hote, rajdhani daar ess salamchi loksankhya 128,742 itaki hotee. tanganyika haah eka bahu-vanshiy pradesh hota, jyane too vishvastatechya jagaat adviteey banala. 1957 madhye tyachi ekoon bigger-africi loksankhya khalilpramane vibhagali geleeh 95,636 ashiyai aanee arab (65,461 bharatiy, 6,299 pakistani, 4,776 gove aanee 19,100 arab mhanoon upavibhajit), 3,114 somali aanee 3,782 'rangeet' aanee 'itar' vyakti. mhanoon loksankhyemadhye, jyat europeey (british, italian, greek aanee german) aanee dakshin aafriketil mhanoon lokancha samavesh hota, ekoon 20,598 vyakti hotya. tangnyikachya vanshik aanee aarthik sanrachanene britishansathi samasya nirman kelya. deshachya arthvyavasthela pathbal denyasathi aavashyak tyaa pramanat europeey upasthiti kayam rakhanyasathi tyanche dhoran tayar hote. parantu ingrajannahi africi lokanchya rajkiy magnyanna pratisad dyava lagla.
yaa kalat anek african lock sarkari karmchari, vyavsayik karmchari, majur aanee mahattvachya nagadi pikanche utpadak hote. parantu bahusankhya shetkari heey udarnirvahasathi purese utpadan karnare shetkari hote. ghar, kapade aanee itar samajik paristhitichi manke "titakich kharab hotee."ashiyai aanee arab heey madhyamvargiy hote aanee ghauk aanee kirkol vyapari hote. goryanchi loksankhya dharmpracharak, vyavsayik aanee sarkari karmchari aanee shete, vruksharopan, khanee aanee itar vyavasayanche malak aanee vyavasthapak hote. "niryat karnyayogya krishi pikanche utpadak mhanoon mhanoon shetanche prathamik mahatva hote."
shetee.
brittonne, tyachya vasahatvadi adhikari david gorden heinschya madhyamatoon, nirvah nirvah karananya nagadi shetimadhye rupantar karnyat madat karnyasathi krishi sahkari sansthanchya vikasala protsahan dile. nirvah nirvah karananya tyanche utpadan bharatiy bharatiy qamee darat vikale. 1950 chya dashakachya suruvatiparyant rashtriy staravar 400 hoon adhik sahkari sanstha hotya. sahkari sansthanni tyanchya kshetrasathi "sanghatana" sthapan kelya aanee kapus utpadan kendre, coffey karkhane aanee tambakhu sukavanyachi sadhane vikasit kelee. varshik nairobi lilavanantar aantarrashtriy kharedidaranna aakarshit karnari moshi coffey lilav hii tanzaniasathi eka mothee yash hotee.
vinashkari tanganyika bhuimug yojana 1946 madhye suru jhaali aanee 1951 madhye tee sodoon denyat aalee.

