kura (devata)

eae. sha. puu. puu sahasrabdimadhye kura haah eblamadhye (syriatil aadhunik mardakh) poojala jaanara dev hota. too shaharacha snrakshak dev, tasech sthanik devatancha pramukh hota. tyachi karye nishchit karane katheen asale taree, too rajvatichya sanstheshi jodalela hota heey changlya prakare pramanit aahe.
tyachya navachi vyutpatti sadhya adnyat aahe aanee samanyatah asey manale jaate qee teey adnyat bhashik tharatil aahe, jeey astabi, hadbal kinwa ishara sarkhya itar kahee abliet devatanchya navansarkhe aahe.
kurachi patni barama devi hotee, jichi tyachyasarkhi keval eblamadhye pooja kelee jaat asey. shaharachya nashanantar teey donhi nonditoon gayab hotat. kurasah nantarchya kalapasoon pramanit kelelya devatanchya olakhibabat anek prastav karnyat aale aahet, parantu tyapaiki bahutek mothya pramanat sweekarle jaat naheet.
naav aanee mool.
kurachi sarvat junie sakshapatre prashasakeey granthanmadhun aalee aahet, jyat pastis teey chalis varshanparyant ablecha naash honyachya purvasandhyela namood karnyat aale aahe.
devache naav satatyane daku asey lihile jaate.raa, aanee aaj heey manya kele jaate qee shabdansh vachan yogya aahe. tyachi vyutpatti dnyat nahee. adamma, ashtabi, hadbal aanee ishara yasah itar ablite devanpramanech too bhashik tharatil asalyache manale jaate. pracheen syriamadhye gair-yahoodi aanee gair-heurian thurr bhasheche astitva pratham igor emm. yanni prastavit kele aahe. diaconoff, jyane 1971 madhye assa nishkarsh kadhala qee ishara aanee kubaba heey purv-hurian syrian devata hote. yaa siddhantala nantar volkert haas, alphonso archie aanee johnn goodnick westenholz yansarkhya itar sanshodhakanche samarthan midale. tyaeivaji edward lipinskyne prastavit kele qee heey naav sumerian shabd 'courax' pasoon aale aahe, jyacha arth too 'millstone' assa karato."tathapi, walther salabergerne nidarshanas aanoon dilyapramane, ullekh kelela shabd keval eka anumanatmak punarrachana aahe aanee tyacha prastavit arth" "giranicha dagad" "aivaji" "dhanye" "assa aahe"."
kura hii swatantra devata navhati, tarr keval havamanachya haddah yaa devache eka visheshan hote, haah siddhant avishvasaniy manla jaato. daniele schwemer namood karato qee abliet grunth yaa done devanmadhil konatyahi prakarchya jawalchya dharmik sambandhakade nirdesh karat naheet.
charitra.
kura haah ablecha snrakshak dev hota heey manya kele jaate. purvichya strotanmadhye, kadhikadhi asey manale jaat asey qee too sthanik devdevtanmadhil keval eka pramukh dev hota kinwa shaharat kura, haddah aanee surya devata yaa teen snrakshak devata hotya. tyala samruddhichi sthanik devata mhanoon darshavile gele aahe. hadabalachya pudhe, too ablite devatancha agraganya dev hota. walther salaberger assa yuktivad karato qee tyachi sthitee asoonahi kurachi kalpana varishtha, enlilsarkhi vyakti mhanoon kelee jaanyachi shakyata qamee aahe.
kurachi patni hii barama devi hotee, jase qee tyane fakt eblamadhye pramanit kele aahe. doghanchahi rajgharanyashi jawalcha sambandh hota. tyanni heey karya ishara yanchyasobat samayik kele.
alphonso archie asey gruheet dharato qee shapathancha dev mhanoon kurachi bhoomika, jeey ablet kararanmadhun olakhale jaate, haah tyachya patracha eka janmajat bhag hota, kadachit ebalachya baherhi. tathapi, itar thikani kurachya pujesathi konatahi purava nahee, jase qee swatah archine kabool kele aahe, joou kabool karato qee ebla aanee abersal yanchyatil kararat kurachi anupasthiti bahudha nantarchya shaharachya devdevtepasun aanee ebla aanee tyachya aaspaschya itar bhaganpasun too anupasthit hota. ekmev apavad mhanje purv-sargonic marinmadhil ekach prastav paath.
alphonso aarchine, kura haah yoddha dev hota, heey gruheet dharane avishvasaniy manale aahe, aanee namood kele aahe qee tyala kadhihi shastrastre, visheshtah gadaa, arpan mhanoon, ammarik, hadad, hadbal aanee resheff yasah itar devanchya ulat, midali naheet. walther sallaberger yaa siddhantashi asahmat aahe aanee asey darshavito qee kura haah eka vidhee patratil chabukanshi varvar pahata sambandhit hota, joou tyachya matey asey soochit karoo shakato qee eka shahee devata mhanoon, tyachi shatruncha yuddhasadrush adhinata mhanoonahi kalpana kelee gelee hotee., mesopotemiyachya nergal kinwa ninurta sarkhech.
edward lipinskcha siddhant, jyachya matey kura ("baal kura") haah kapanicha dev aanee maran pavnara dev hota, too purnapane anumanatmak manla jaato aanee konatyahi prathamik strotanvar aadharit nahee.
pooja qaraa.
kura haah dev eblamadhil prashasakeey granthanmadhye (130 ullekh) bahutek vela disun yeto, jyamadhye hadabal hii itar ekmev devata aahe jee tulanatmakdrushtya varanvar disate (105 ullekh). eblamadhye poojalya poojalya serve devanpaiki tyala sarvat jaast bhetvastuhi midalya, jyat sarvat jaast chandicha samavesh hota. rajane kurachya mandirala mothya pramanat sone (daha miina, jawaljawal paach kiloogram) daan kelyache pramanit udaharan dekhil aahe. walther salaberger namood karato qee shasakachi dharmanishtha darshavnyavyatirikt, mandiranmadhye maulyavan dhatoo jamaa karane dekhil vyavharik parimananche asoo shakate, kaaran teey shaharachya arthvyavasthecha eka mahattvacha ghatak hote aanee tyancha nidhi aapatkalin paristhitit vaparla jaau shakato. matra, kurala sarvadhik pranyanche arpan midale naheet. tyach velee, tyala itar konatyahi devatepeksha adhik niyamitpane yadnyache prani midale. tyala shahee bekarikadoon niyamit bhakariche arpanahi midale, jeey itar konatyahi iblite devatesathi pramanit nahee. pratyek mahinyachya aathvya divasachya divasachya yadnyanshi visheshtah drudhpane sambandhit hote, parantu yaa sambandhamagil kaaran aanee tyaa divasache konatehi sambhavya pratikatmak mahatva dnyat nahee. atirikt varshik yadnyamadhye done soneri bracelet aanee eka 'tug'-nee yancha samavesh hota.nahee, bahudha eka prakarcha poshakh kinwa shaal, varvar pahata mahila, padri aanee shahee vivahatil sahbhagi paridhan karatat.
karatat asey manale jaate qee ebla yethe kurachi done mandire astitvat hotee, jyanna utkhananadarmyan 'laal mandir' aanee 'khadakache mandir' asey label asalelya imarati mhanoon olakhale jaau shakate, jaree adyap konatahi thet purava achook olakh patvu shakat nahee. shasakachya vatine heey mandir durdashela jababdar hote. eka prakaranat, eka ranine purush varasdarala janm dilyachi batami kurachya mandirachya gachchivarun (kinwa chhapparavarun) jaheer karnyat aalee. kurachya mandirachya maidanavar itar devatanche vidhee houu shakatat, udaharanarth, eka granthacha ullekh aahe qee jyaa samarambhadarmyan ranine suryadevatechya aath chhotya chandichya moorti samarpit kelya tyaa samarambhala tyachya shejari asalelya pavitra aavarat aayojit kele gele hote. havamanacha dev haddah yacha kurachya mandiratahi sanman keela jaau shakato. mandiranvyatirikt, kurache eka praveshdwar dekhil ablet granthanmadhye pramanit kele gele aahe aanee teey shaharachya darvajapeksha tyachya mandirachya sabhovatalachya pavitra parisaracha eka bhag asanyachi shakyata aahe.
rajkiy mahatva asalelya bahutek shapath kurachya mandirat ghetalya jaat asat, udaharanarth ablet samajatil uchchabhru sadasyankadun rajaprati nishthechi ghoshana kinwa itar rajyanshi kelele karar. walther sallabargarchya matey, apavad ashee prakarane hotee jyat itar swakshari karnare tyanchya swatachya adhikarat pradeshik satta hote, mhanje nagar kinwa maarii, asha paristhitit tyaeivaji tuttulchya daganche mandir vaparale gele. tathapi, alphonso aarchine nidarshanas aanoon dile qee eka prakaranat maricha raja ikun-isarchya dutane kura mandirat ablasobat shantata karar keela. tyaa kararachi eka prat, jee chandine jhakaleli hotee, tee mandirat jamaa karnyat aalee.
aalee ("shuddhikaran sevak") yanchi eka jodee kurache pujari mhanoon kaam karat asey.
eblamadhun mothya sankhyene theophoric navanmadhye kura disun yeto. eka dnyat udaharan mhanje mikum-kura ("kura, tula kashachi chinta aahe?"). menu-kura, jyache naav mikum-kurache eka bhinn lekhan asalyache disate, teey vajir ibbi-zikirchya kriyakalapanchya kalat dwarpal mhanoon pramanit kele jaate. alphonso aarchine nidarshanas aanoon dile aahe qee jyaa devatanchi nave bhashik tharatil asalyache manale jaate tyaa devatanchi nave vaiyaktik navanmadhye anupasthit asatat. kurachya pudhe, hadabal haah ekmev apavad aahe, jaree tyachi samanyatah pooja kelee jaat asali taree too keval done navanni pramanit aahe. archi assa prastav mandato qee ebla yetheel naav denyachya pratha samanyatah ablet bhasha bhasha aanee ghatakanmadhil bhashetil lokanmadhil samparkachya aadhichi parampara pratibimbit karoo shakatat.
ebalachya baher kuthehi kurachi pooja kelee jaat hotee yacha konatahi purava nahee aanee tyala konatehi sthanik hypostases navhate. jaree armi kinwa silasha yasarkhi sambhavya aanakhi thikane prastavit kelee gelee asali taree, tyapaiki konatyahi thikani kurachi pooja kelee jaat hotee asey thet konatehi dnyat dastaivaj sangat naheet, fakt tyanchya shasakanni kurachya mandirala bhetvastu pathavalya. alikadech sapadalela apavad mhanje purv-sargonic marichi prastav yadee, jyamadhye kura bahudha rajkiy karananmule disato. assa yuktivad keela jaato qee kura, bellet nagar aanee sumugan yanchya upasthitimule tyanchyashi sambandhit anukrame ebla, nagar (tail break) aanee nabad (tail bedder) yaa rajyapaddhatinche, ibercab-damuchya karkirdit ablet sangrahanchya suruvatichya varshanmadhye pramanit kelelya marivarche avalambitva pratibimbit hote.
ablasobat sambandhit asalelya itar kahee devatanpramane, jase qee barama aanee hadbal, shaharachya nashanantar kurachi pooja karane bund jhaale.
varshik nutanikaran vidhee.
naveen chandichya mukhavata ghaloon kurachya putalyache darvarshi nutanikaran karave lagat hote. pratyek velee yaa dhatucha eka meena (sumare 470 gramm) vaparla jaat asey. hii moorti lakadi hotee aanee tyateel kahee bhag keval dhatuchya patryanni jhakalele hote asey manale jaate. ablet prashasakeey kagadpatranmadhye asey namood kele aahe qee kahee chandi eka velee haranchya uttares sthit asalyache manale jaanare shahar armine puravali hotee. matra, itar konatyahi shaharala sahbhagi honyasathi kadhihi aamantrit karnyat aale hote asey konatehi sanket naheet.
yaa sanachya aadhare, tasech eblamadhil varshik utsavanchya itar udaharananvar aadharit, jase qee haddala bailanche shinge arpan karane kinwa reshefchya nutanikaran vidhivar aadharit, alphonso aarchine assa prastav mandala aahe qee devatanche varshik nutanikaran haah ablite dharmatil eka pramukh ghatak hota.
shahee aarohan vidhee.
naveen ablet rajachya shahee vivahanantar, barama aanee kura yaa donhincha samavesh asaleli chaar divasanchi tirthayatra haatee ghyavi lagali. tyachi tayari kartana, ranila kurachya mandiratil anek devatanna arpan karave lagat hote, jyat swatah dev aanee tyacha jodidar barama yancha samavesh hota. yaa pravasache lakshya jawalchya ganv binash (jyala nenas mhanoon qamee vaparale jaate) hote, jeey eka shahee samadhiche sthan hote. kurachi moorti tyachya swatachya gaditoon pravas karat hotee, tasech tyachya jodidar baramachi. aii maa-diim" madhye jhalelya eka vidhidarmyan, "mrutanche ghar" (ullekh kelela makbara) donhi devatanche vidhibaddha nutanikaran kele jaate asey manale jaat hote. yaa prakriyeche varnan vidhibaddha granthat kele aaheh
alphonso aarchichya matey, nintu/datoo hii yaa sandarbhat mesopotemiyachi devi mhanoon samajoon ghetali jaau naye, tarr tyach patrachya adnyat ablet devisathi eka aadarsh mhanoon samajoon ghetali pahije. yaa logogramcha asach vapar marimadhun dnyat aahe yakade teey laksh vedhatat. itar nutanikaran sanskaranmadhye devi samavisht nasalyache disate, kaaran konihi ishara, ishtar kinwa haddah (halabatu) aanee resheff (adamma) yanchya jodidaransathi pramanit kelele nahee.
haah sohala eka shahee aarohan vidhee hota, jaree ablite granthanmadhye yachee pushti karnari thet vidhane asoonahi, asey disate qee ishar-damu aanee irkab-damu heey doghehi tyanchya sambandhit karkirdit teey haatee ghetale tevha anek varshe aadhich shasak hote. asey prastavit kele gele aahe qee shahee jodpyala tyachya sandarbhat kura aanee baramache sansarik prakatikaran mhanoon samajale gele.
ibola padlyanantar sambhavya pramanikaran.
aadhunik vidvattet samanyatah charcha keleli eka samasya mhanje ebalachya patananantar nonditoon kuracha gayab hone, jyacha shaharachya dharmatil tyachya pramukhateshi samet karane katheen aahe. kurachi nantarchi anek sambhavya pramanpatre olakhali gelee aahet, parantu walter salaberger namood karato qee tyapaiki barech sadosh shishyavruttiche utpadan aahet. udaharanarth, stephany dalisah anek sanshodhak, kuracha sandarbh detana, kurr (tyachya aadhi asalelya dingir chinhashivay) haah logo asalelya marimadhil vaiyaktik navanchi chukine yadee karatat. tyachpramane, keey. ii. sha. puu. pahilya sahasrabdichya mesopotemiyachya dharamshastriy majkuratil eka olicha lausen yangane kelela arth, kuracha sandarbh mhanoon, 'kurr-raa', 'bhoomi' yaa upnashacha arth spasht karnara, chukicha manla jaato. edward lipinsky kurala "baal kura" mhanoon sambodhato aanee assa yuktivad karato qee phoenician shilalekhanmadhun dnyat asalelya "bii. ell. kra" yaa devatechi olakh tyachyasobat kelee jaavi, jaree itar sanshodhak drakshmalyanchya sanrakshakachya bhoomikemadhye louvian hawaman dev tarhantshee olakh patavanyas anukool asale taree. kuran" kinwa "bhatti" yasah prastavit vyakhyansah "keey. aar." yaa ghatakache konatehi vajvi spashtikaran sapadale nahee."kahee prastav aadhunik prakashananmadhye konatyahi aitihasik kinwa bhashavishayak yuktivadanvar avalambun naslyamule, parantu keval navanchya varvarchya samanatevar avalambun asalyamule, udaharanarth, kurachi olakh aanee rakshas" "kular" hii olakh phaar nantarchya jyoo jaduchya hastalikhitatun olakhali jaate, tyamule nakarle jaatat ".
kura kinwa kurra ("dakur-aaa" kinwa "dakur-raa") navacha dev, udaharanarth, pracheen hurian arafa (aadhunik kirkuk) chya jawalche shahar asalelya arzuhina (azuhinu) yaa nava-assyrian theophoric navanmadhye disato, udaharanarth tyaa bhagachya rajyapalala abadi-kurra ("kurracha sevak") heey naav hote. yaa vasahatichya sthanavar aadharit, heey shakya aahe qee nava-assyrian kurra haah hurian kurve ("daku-uu-urr-weey", "dagu-uu-urr-weey") chaa eka usheera prakar hota, joou eka dev hota joou kumurve (kumarabi) chya aadhi nuzichya purvichya arpan kelelya yadyanmadhye disato aanee joou azuhinucha snrakshak dev asoo shakato.
uttar syriatil rahivashanchya vishvasanni prabhavit jhalelya kizuvatnamadhye sajra sajra "hisuva" sanashi sambandhit granthanmadhye kurri ("daku-urr-rii") navachi devata aadhalate. kurrila hurian adholok devi allanichya mandirat arpan kele gele, jeey utsavachya bhaganantar isharachya mandirat sahbhagi jhaale, jyachi huriyananni keleli pooja hii kahee pramanat ablite paramparecha pathpurava hotee. alphonso archie kureela kurachya astitvasathiche ekmev vajvi udaharan manatat.
walter sallaberger namood karato qee kurri aanee kurve heey ekach dev aahet heey nakarta yet nahee kaaran doghehi hurian parisarache aahet, parantu yaa donhi devatanchya aanee swatah kurachya charitryabaddal achook mahitee naslyamule, tyanchyamadhil sanvad nishchitpane sthapit keela jaau shakat nahee.

