laththapanache samajik nirdharak

laththapana samajoon ghenyasathi anuvanshik prabhav mahatvache asale taree, teey vishisht deshanmadhye kinwa jaagtik staravar disanari sadhyachi natyamay vaadh spasht karoo shakat naheet. ushmank kharchachya jaast ushmank sevanamule laththapana yeto heey manya kele jaate; tathapi, jaagtik staravar yaa done ghatakanmadhye badal kashamule jhaale aahet yavar khoop vaad aahe.
samajik varg.
samajik varg aanee boddy maas index (bmi) yanchyatil parasparsambandh jaagtik staravar badaltat. 1989 madheel eka punaravalokanat asey aadhalun aale qee vikasit deshanmadhye uchch samajik vargachya mahilanna laththapana yenyachi shakyata qamee hotee. vividh samajik varganchya purushanmadhye konatehi lakshaniy matbhed disun aale naheet. vikasansheel deshanmadhye, uchch samajik vargatil mahila, purush aanee mulanmadhye laththapanache praman jaast hote. 2007 madhye kelelya yaa punaravalokanachya adyayavat ahavalat samaan sambandh aadhalale, parantu teey kamkuvat hote. parasparsambandhachya samarthyat ghat jagatikikaranachya parinamamule jhalyache jaanavale.
bii. emm. aay. aanee samajik varg yanchyatil sambandhansathi anek spashtikaran denyat aale aahet. asey manale jaate qee vikasit deshanmadhye shrimantanna adhik paushtik ann parvadate, teey vajan qamee thevanyasathi adhik samajik dabavakhali asatat aanee sharirik tandurustichya adhik apekshansah tyanna adhik sandhee asatat. avikasit deshanmadhye ann parvadanyachi kshamata, sharirik shramansah uchch urja kharch aanee mothya sharirachya aakarala anukool asaleli sanskrutik moolye heey nirikshan kelelya namunyanmadhye yogdan detat asey manale jaate. aekhadyachya aayushyatil lokanchya shariratil vastumanapratichi manovrutti dekhil laththapanat bhoomika bajavu shakate. kalantarane bii. emm. aay. badalanmadhye mitra, bhawande aanee jodidar yanchyat parasparsambandh aadhalala aahe.
khadya valvant.
ann mahag aanee tulanene aprapya asalelya vanchit parisarat rahanyacha anubhav ghenyasathi 1990 chya dashakachya suruvatila scotlandchya pashchimekadil sarvajanik kshetratil gruhnirman yojnetil rahivashanni 'ann valvant' haah shabd pahilyanda vaparla hota. 1995 madhye, yooke sarkarchya poshan krutee dalachya qamee utpann asalelya prakalp chamoochya vatine kirana vitaran aanee ann kirkol vikrichi chaukashi sevan dhoranatmak krutee gatachya ahavalacha bhag mhanoon, haah vakyansh pahilyanda eka "adhikrut" prakashanat disala. ann valvant" haah shabd "loksankhyechya shahari bhaganche varnan karnyasathi vaparla jaato, jithe rahivashanna parvadanara aanee aarogyadayi aahar upalabdh nahee."ahavalanni asey suchavale aahe qee ann valvant aarogyadayi aaharache ghatak asalelya khadyapadarthanchi upalabdhata aanee parvadanari maryada maryadit karoon sarvajanik aarogyache nuksan karoo shakate."nikol aay. larson aanee tichya tichya laththapanacha shejarchya vatavaranashi sambandh jodanyasathi sanshodhan punaravalokan kele. tyancha assa yuktivad aahe qee "alp utpann aanee alpasankhyak parisarat phasta food restaurants aanee urja-ghan khadyapadarthanchi upalabdhata jaast asalyache aadhalun aale aahe."jevha shejarchya lokanna tajya utpadanansah supermarketmadhye adhik pravesh midato tevha aswasthyakar aahar savayi aanee laththapanachya patalit ghat hote. "supermarketmadhye yaa qamee praveshamule "qamee utpann, alpasankhyak aanee grameen parisar" varr sarvat jaast parinam hoto aanee urja-ghan ann asalelya phasta food restaurants aanee suvidha dukananmadhye tyanna adhik pravesh asato. udaharanarth, eka abhyasat asey aadhalun aale aahe qee uchch-daridrya asaleli kshetre aanee serve african american bhaganmadhye (utpannachi parva naan karata) pramukhyane uchch utpann asalelya asalelya samudayanpeksha lokanna nirogi nivadi karnyas saksham karnare annapadarth milanyachi shakyata qamee hotee.
tathapi, kahee alikadil abhyas yaa davyachi pushti karoo shakale naheet qee supermarketmadhil antar laththapana kinwa agadi aaharachya gunavattecha andaj lavte.
tanav.
tanav aanee bhavnik menduche jaale khanyachya vartanas chalana dete jyamule laththapana yeu shakato. tanav, shareer, mendu aanee ann sevan yanchyatil guntaguntichya parasparsanvadachya antargat asalele majjatantuche jaale aata adhik changlya prakare samajale gele aahe. tanavak, majjatantu tanav-pratisad jaale sakriy karoon, vadhiv bhavnik kriyakalap aanee bighadalelya karyakari karyakade purvgrahyukt aaklan. yamule pratisadanche sandnyanatmak moolyankan karnyaivaji tayar kelelya savayincha vapar keela jaato. tanavamule glucocarticoids yaa donhi padarthancha srav hoto, jyamule ann aanee insulinsathi prerana vadhate. anandadayi aaharamule tanav-pratisad jaalyatil kriyakalap qamee hotat, jyamule khanyachi savay balkat hote.
eka abhyasat asey aadhalun aale aahe qee "kamachya uchch tanavacha sambandh purushanmadhye vishisht charbiyukt padarthanchya uchch vaparashi hota parantu mahilanmadhye nahee."
richardson aanee tichya tichya kelelya aanakhi eka abhyasat, "qamee utpann asalelya mulansah asalelya mahilanchya namunyat, aamhala aadhalale qee, aaharatil vartan aanee aaharachya gunavattepasun swatantra, gambhir laththapanashi thet aanee sakaratmakpane sambandhit asalela tanav asalyache lakshat aale. yavyatirikt, tanav haah aswasth khanyachya vartanashi thet aanee sakaratmakpane sambandhit hota."
shikshan.
sheikh aanee tyanchya tichya kelelya abhyasat asey aadhalun aale aahe qee, "adlabadal naan kelelya aanee samayojit kelelya vishleshananmadhye, shikshan aanee utpannachi nimn patali samanyatah laththapanachya uchch sambhavyateshi aanee uchch sarasari bmich sambandhit hotee."sheikh aanee tyanchya tichya amerikechya rashtriy aarogya mulakhatichya sarvekshanatun sumare 23,434 praudhanchi mahitee gola kelee. tyaa mahitisah, sanshodhakanni shikshanasarakhya vividh samajik-aarthik bhaganchya sandarbhat laththapana darshavinyasathi pratigaman vishleshan kele. pii moolya <. 001 asalele, tyanna aadhalale qee uchch shaikshanik prapti asalelya praudhanmadhye laththapana qamee samanya aahe, tarr qamee shaikshanik prapti asalelya praudhanmadhye. tyanni assa nishkarsh kadhala qee shikshan aanee laththapana yancha khoop sambandh aahe aanee sarvajanik shalanmadhye adhik aarogya shikshan midave yasathi tyanni krutee karnyache aavahan kele.
tyachpramane, germanymadhye kelelya abhyasat sanshodhakanna asey aadhalale qee "palakanchya shikshanache nirdeshak mulanchya laththapanashi sarvat jaast jodalele hote. samajik vargacha tayar kelela nirdeshank aanee laththapana yanchyat matra-pratisad sambandh majboot hota. sarvat qamee samajik darjachya mulanna lathth honyacha dhoka, dhoka loksankhyetil sarvoch samajik darjachya mulanpeksha tippat jaast hota."
annacha samajik sandarbh.
kautumbik jevanacha vel.
jevanachya veleshi sambandhit samajik sandarbh laththapanashi sambandhit ghatakanmadhye mahattvachi bhoomika bajavate. balpanatil laththapanachya sandarbhat kautumbik jevanachya veleche parinam abhyasatoon disun aale aahet. jerica barjane kelelya abhyasat asey disun aale qee jevanachya velee kutumbanshi honara sanvad aanee teey khaat asalelya khadyapadarthanchya prakarankade durlaksh kele gele. jyaa kutumbanni eka kinwa done vela ekatra jevan kele, tyanchya laththapanache praman qamee asalyache nikalanni dakhavun dile. ekatra jevan karnyachya sanyogane, mulanmadhye aanee praudhanmadhye laththapanache praman qamee karnyat table sambhashan aanee kautumbik gatishilata mahattvachi bhoomika bajavtat asey parinam darshavtat. jyaa kutumbanna ekatra vel ghalvayala aavadate, teey ekmekanmadhye ekatmatechi bhavna nirman karatat. kautumbik jevanacha vel hii eka ashee jaaga aahe jithe pratyekjan tyanchya divasabaddal bolu shakato aanee palak tyanchya mulansathi sakaratmak vatavaran pradan karatat. sakaratmak balanmadhye tyanchya mulanna teey tyanche ann khalle tarr teey mothe houn majboot aanee jalad hotil heey sangane samavisht hote. kutumbatil sadasya ekmekambaddal, visheshtah tyanchya mulabaddal vichartat tevha tyanna disate qee konitari tyanchya jeevanat rus vyakt karat aahe aanee tyanna tyachi kalji aahe. tablower jevadha adhik sakaratmak sanvad asel, tevadhe qamee pramanat annapadarth ekhadi vyakti sevan karel. tumche khanyache praman qamee karane heey vajan qamee karnyasathi aanee khanyachya nirogi savayi rakhanyasathi donhisathi upayukt aahe kaaran tumcha mendu dekhil nehmi tumchya khanyachya savayi aanee tumhala lavkar pooat bharalyache sanket deto. mule yaa khanyachya savayi vikasit kartil jyaa tyanchya palakanni aanee/kinwa kutumbatil itar sadasyanni darshavilelya nirogi jivanshailiche pratibimb aahet.
jyaa gatane laththapanachya darat vaadh darshavili tee kutumb hotee jyanni ekatra qamee vel ghalavala aanee/kinwa jevha tyanni teey kele tevha teey eka pratikool vatavaran hote. jeey palak aaplya mulane kaay aanee kitee khalle yavar adhik niyantran thevat hote, tyanni tyanchya laththapanachya darat vaadh darshavili. heather patrickne kelelya abhyasatoon asey disun aale aahe qee yaa prakarchya aahar paddhaticha, jyala hukumshahi aahar mhanatat, mulanchya khanyachya savayinvar vipareet parinam hoto. yaa lekhat, sanshodhakanna asey aadhalale qee charbi, sakhar aanee urja jaast asalelya padarthanmadhye mulachi upalabdhata maryadit karane kinwa pratibandhit karane yamule heey "nishiddha" padarth atee khane hii ichcha nirman jhaali. yamule mulamadhye chintechi bhavna nirman hote jyamule tyanna asurakshit vatoo shakate aanee tyamule tyancha aatmasanman qamee houu shakato. asha prakarchya vatavaranat khanari mule aanee praudh dekhil, phonever rahane kinwa durchitravani pahane, tablower basoon ekmekanshi sambhashan karnyapasoon tyanche laksh vichalit karane yasarkhe tantradnyan vaparnyacha cull dakhavtat. keval sanvad qamee hott navhata tarr avichari khanyamule teey atee sevan dekhil karat hote jyamule asha prakarchya kutumbanmadhye laththapanache praman vadhate.
prayogshaletil abhyas.
anek abhyasanni samajik sulbhateche parinam dakhavun dile aahet. 1972 madhye, sanshodhak nisbet aanee vadalanni fatake khanyasathi lokanna aamantrit kele aanee mhatale qee hii eka "chav chachani" hotee. vishayanni fatake ektyane chakhale kinwa eka kinwa 20 fatake khanarya eka mahasanghashi bhagidari kelee. samanya vajanachya lokanni ekte asalelyanpeksha qamee sevan sevan pratimanane 29 takke qamee aanee jaast sevan sevan pratimanane 25 takke jaast khalle. 1979 madhye, polyvi aanee itar. jyaa lokanni sandwich khanyasathi paach taas upvas keela hota, asha lokanna aamantrit kele. aath sandwich quarter sevan sevan confederateshy jevha vishay jodale gele, tevha confederatene keval done chaturthansh khalle tyapeksha vishayanni 57 takke jaast sevan kele.
dhoomrapan.
jeey dhoomrapan sodatat, tyanchi daha varshannantar purushansathi sarasari 4.4 kiloogram (9.7 paund) aanee mahilansathi 5.0 kiloogram (11 paund) vaadh hote. matra, dhoomrapan karnyachya badalatya darancha laththapanachya ekoon daranvar farsa parinam jhalela nahee.
suchardane kelelya abhyasat asey aadhalun aale aahe qee jarr kutumbat dhoomrapan asel kinwa matechya dhoomrapanamule mulanna laththapanacha dhoka jaast asato.
saksharta label qaraa.
lokanna teey khaat asalelya khadyapadarthambaddalchya poshanvishayak tathye samajoon ghenyasathi saksharateche label lavane mahatvache aahe. kenen aanee tichya tichya kelelya sanshodhan abhyasat, tyanni prathamik upchar kendrat 210 lathth praudh rugnanche namune ghetale aanee saksharta tapasani upkaranadvare tyanchi saksharatechi patali nishchit kelee. <. 05 chya pii-moolyasah, tyanna vajan qamee karnyache dnyan aanee saksharatechi patali yanchyatil mahattvapoorn parasparsambandh aadhalala. darr teenpaiki done lathth rugna 9 vichya vachanachya patalipeksha khalee vachatat. yaa parinamansah, teey assa nishkarsh kadhatat qee ekhadya vyaktichi saksharta jitaki qamee aahe, laththapanashi sambandhit aarogyavishayak parinamambaddal tyanna jitaki qamee mahitee aahe aanee vajan qamee karanyachi garaj tyanna qamee lekhanyachi shakyata titakich jaast aahe.
lavkar honare kuposhan.
vikasansheel deshanmadhye laththapanachya vadhatya daranmadhye prarambhik jivanatil kuposhanachi bhoomika asalyache manale jaate. antahsravi
kuposhanachya kalat honare badal, punha ekada ushmank upalabdh jhalyavar charbichya sathavanukila chalana deu shakatat.
mulanchi sankhya.
americet ekhadya vyaktila jhalelya mulanchi sankhya tyanchya laththapanachya jokhamishi sambandhit aahe. mahilanmadhye laththapanacha dhoka prati mool 7 takkyanni vadhato, tarr purushanmadhye prati mool 4 takkyanni vadhato. avalambun asaleli mule asanyane pashchimatya palkanmadhye sharirik halchali qamee hotat yaa vastusthitivarun heey anshatah spasht kele jaau shakate.
shaharikaran.
vikasansheel jagaat shaharikaran laththapanachya vadhatya daramadhye bhoomika bajavat aahe. chinmadhye laththapanache ekoon praman 5 takkyanpeksha qamee aahe. matra, kahee shaharanmadhye laththapanache praman 20 takkyanhun adhik aahe.
jagatikikaran.
jagatikikaranamule serve deshanmadhye swast charbiyukt ann upalabdh jhaale aahe, jyamule jagbharat charbiche sevan mothya pramanat vadhale aahe. "phasta food cheen aanee lipidyukt padarthanni bharalele vikri yantra tasech uchch ushmankyukt soda aata santo domingo, dominican republic aanee purv oakland, california yethe sarkhech aadhalu shakatat".
laththapanachya sathichya aajaranmadhye jagatikikaranache yogdan aahe yaa vastusthitivar vaad aahe. 2013 chya cross sectional reviewmadhye asey disun aale aahe qee, uchch utpann asalelya deshanmadhye, bmimadhil jaagtik vaadh hii aarthik jagatikikaranachya nirdeshank aanee deshanmadhil asamanata yaa donhinshi sakaratmakpane sambandhit aahe. yaulat, 2017 chya anubhavjanya abhyasatoon asey disun aale aahe qee jagatikikaran, jyat vyaparatil mokalepana, eff. dii. aay. pravah aanee aarthik swatantrya yancha samavesh aahe, tyamule mule aanee tarunanmadhil vajan vadhane aanee laththapana qamee hoto, jagatikikrut deshanna, jaree vadhatya utpannamule uchch upbhog houu shakato, tarihi, vadhatya bajarpeth spardhemule kamgar utpadakta aanee manvi bhandavalache mahatva asalyamule aarogyala pradhanya denyachya prastavache samarthan karate.

