chaap parivartak

aark converter, jyala kadhikadhi aark transmitter kinwa paulson aark mhanatat, jyane 1903 madhye tyacha shodh lavala tyaa danish abhiyanta valdemar polsonchya navavarun, suruvatichya wireless telegraphymadhye vaparale jaanare vividh prakarche spark transmitter hote. kamani parivartakane thet vidyutpravah vijeche redio frequency paryayi vidyutpravahat rupantar karnyasathi vidyut kamanicha vapar keela. 1903 pasoon 1920 paryant redio transmitter mhanoon tyacha vapar keela jaat hota, jevha tyachi jaaga vacuum tube transmitterne ghetali. satat cyanucidal lahari nirman karoo karoo pahilya transmitterpacky eka, rediodware dhwani (amplitude modulation) prasarit karnyasathi vaparlya jaanarya pahilya tantradnyananpaiki eka hote. vidyut abhiyantrikimadhil aitihasik kamgiri mhanoon aay. aay. eae. eae. chya tappe asalelya yadeet heey aahe.
itihas.
elihu thomsonne shodh lavala qee, eka carbon kamani, jee eka tune kelelya circuits aahe, tee 'gaane' karel. hii 'gayan kamaan' bahudha dhwani aavruttyanpurati maryadit hotee. beuro auph standards 1900 chya sumaras shunt resonent circuitche shrey william dudella dete.
ingraji abhiyanta william dudelane carbon aark lampcha vapar karoon anunad circuit kase tayar karave yacha shodh lavala. dadelchi 'sangeet chaap' shravya varanvartevar chalate aanee dadelane swatah assa nishkarsh kadhala qee redio varanvartevar chapala dolan karane ashakya aahe.
valdemar paulson karyakshamta aanee varanvarta ichchit pataliparyant vadhavanyat yashasvi jhaala. paulsonchi kamani 200 kilohertzparyantchi varanvarta nirman karoo shakat hotee aanee 1903 madhye tyache paytant ghenyat aale.
kahee varshanchya vikasanantar 1906 madhye paulson, tyanche sahkari pedder oluf pedderson aanee tyanchya aarthik samarthakanni chaap tantradnyan germany aanee gret brittenla hastantarit kele. 1909 madhye american paytant tasech kahee chaap parivartak siril phrank elvelane vikat ghetale. europe aanee united statesmadhil tyanantarcha vikas thoda vegala hota, kaaran europemadhye paulson tantradnyanachi amalbajavani karnyat anek varshe gambhir adachani hotya, tarr americet federal telegraph companysah lavkarach vistarit vyavsayik radiotelegraph pranali sthapan karnyat aalee. nantar americi naudalane dekhil paulson pranali sweekarli. keval nishkriy varanvarta rupantaranasaha kamaan parivartak portable aanee sagari vaparasathi yogya hote. yamule vacuum tube pranalinni tiche sthan gheiparyant sumare eka dashak tee sarvat mahattvachi bhramandhvani redio pranali bunley.
1922 madhye, manak vibhagane mhatale, "uchch-shakti, lamb-antarachya kamasathi kamaan heey sarvat mothya pramanat vaparale jaanare prasaran upkaran aahe. assa andaj aahe qee eka vishisht kalavadhit rediochya uddeshane antaralat pratyakshat vikiranit vikiranit serve urjepaiki 80 takke urjesathi aata kamani jababdar aahe, jyamule haushi kendrancha vichar keela jaat nahee."
varnan.
satat-lahari redio sanket tayar karnyasathi hii naveen, adhik parishkrut paddhat suruvatila danish shodhak valdemar paulson yanni vikasit kelee hotee. tyaveli vaparat asalelya spark-gap transmitterne olsar lahari tayar kelya jyamule tyanchya vikiranit shakticha motha bhag vaya gela aanee aar. eff. spectrummadhye hastakshep hastakshep anek frequenciver majboot harmonics prasarit kele. polsonchya chaap parivartakane ekach varanvartevar avikasit kinwa satat lahari (see. doubleu.) tayar kelya.
chaap ausilatorche teen prakar aaheth
satatchya kinwa 'undamped' lahari (see. doubleu.) heey eka mahattvache vaishishtya hote, kaaran spark-gap transmittermadhun olsar laharinchya vaparamule transmitterchi karyakshamta aanee sampreshan parinamkarakta qamee hote, tarr aar. eff. spectrumla hastakshepane pradushit karate.
paulson chaap parivartakakade kamanivar jodalele eka tune kelele paripath hote. chaap parivartkamadhye eka kaksh hota jyamadhye carbon cathode aanee panyane thund jhalelya tambyachya enodechya darmyan kamani hydrogen vayumadhye jalate. yaa kakshachya varr aanee khalee chumbakeey paripathatil done dhruvanchya bhovati aanee tyanna urja urja done sakhali kshetra gundalya hotya. chumbakeey kshetra pradan karnyasathi heey dhruv chembarmadhye prakshepit kele jaatat, kamanichya pratyek bajula eka.
kahee kilohertz teey kahee daha kilohertzchya varanvartechya shreneet chalavale gele tevha teey sarvat yashasvi tharale. arcs converterche harmonic dabnyasathi antena tuning purese nivadak asane aavashyak hote.
killing.
kamanila sthir paddhatine marayala aanee chalvayala thoda vel laglyamule, samanya chaloo keyingcha vapar keela jaau shakat navhata. tyaeivaji, frequency-shift keyingcha eka prakar vaparla gela. yaa "nuksan bharpai-lahari paddhati" madhye, kamani satat karyarat hotee aanee killine kamanichi varanvarta eka teey paach takkyanni badalali. avanchhit varanvartevaril signalla "nuksan bharpai-laat" asey mhatale jaat asey. 70 kilovatparyantchya chaap sanvahakanmadhye, killi samanyatah antena coilmadhil kahee valane qamee karate. mothya kamanisathi, kamaniche utpadan antena inductorshi jodalele transformer asel aanee killi ground kelelya duyyamchya kahee talachya valananche sankshipt varnan karel. tyamule, 'chinh' (qee bund) eka varanvartevar aanee 'space' (qee ughadi) ughadi) varanvartevar pathavali gelee. jarr yaa frequency khoop door asateel aanee receiving stationchya receivermadhye pureshi nivadakta asel, tarr receiving stationla 'marqa' frequencieshy julavun ghetalyavar manak seedblue aikoo yeil.
nuksan bharpai lahari paddhatimadhye spectrum bandwidthcha bharpur vapar keela gela. teey keval done ichchit frequenciver prasarit hott nahee tarr tyaa frequencichya harmonicover dekhil prasarit hote. chaap parivartak heey susangatatene samruddha asatat. 1921 chya sumaras, prarambhik aantarrashtriy sampreshan parishadene nukasanbharpaichya laharichya paddhativar bandee ghatali kaaran tyamule khoop jaast hastakshep jhaala.
done vegvegalya frequenciver signal utsarjanachi garaj 'univave paddhati' vikasit karoon door jhaali. ignition methad' navachya eka univave paddhatimadhye, keying chaap suru karel aanee thambwell. chaap kakshat eka 'striker' rodd asel joou pratirodhkadvare done electrode qamee karato aanee chaap vizavato. chavee vidyutchumbakala urja deil jee strikerla hulwell aanee kamanila punha ujalel. hii paddhat karya karnyasathi, chaap kaksh garam asane aavashyak hote. sumare 5 kilovatparyantchya chaap parivartakansathi hii paddhat vyavharya hotee.
dusari univave paddhat mhanje "shoshan paddhat" aanee tyat done tune kelele circuit aanee eka-pole, double-throw, meek-biphore-break qee samavisht aahe. jevha killi khalee asate, tevha kamani tune kelelya antena coil aanee antenashi jodali jaate. jevha killi varr asate, tevha kamanila 'back shunt' navachya tune kelelya dummy antenashi jodale jaate. back shunt heey dusare tune kelele circuit hote jyat inductor, capacitor aanee loaded resister yancha samavesh hota. heey dusare circuit prasarit varanvaratepramanech andaje samaan varanvarteshi julavun ghetale jaate; teey kamani chaloo thevate aanee tee transmitterchi shakti shoshun ghete. shoshan paddhat hii spashtapane doubleu mule aahe. aaa. khanar.
shoshan paddhatisathi circuit badalanyachi rachana mahattvapoorn aahe. teey uchch voltage kamani badalat aahe, mhanoon swichchya samparkanmadhye kamani dadapshahicha kahee prakar asane aavashyak aahe. etonmadhye taar qee drive vidyutchumbak hote jeey rile chalavatat. tyaa rilemadhye done marganpaiki pratyekasathi (eka antena aanee eka back shunt) maliket switch samparkanche chaar sanch vaparale gele. pratyek rile samparkala pratirodhkadvare jodale gele. parinami, switch kadhihi purnapane ughada navhata, parantu tyat khoop ksheenata hotee.

