
virghalalela sendriya carbon

virghalalela sendriya carbon (dock) haah sendriya carboncha apurnank aahe, joou samanyatah 0.22 teey 0.7 micrometer darmyan chhidranchya aakarachya filtermadhun jaau shakato. filterver uralelya anshala kann sendriya carbon (pii. oo. see.) mhanatat.
virghalalele sendriya padarth (dome) hii jawalun sambandhit asaleli sandnya aahe jee anekada docks adlabadal mhanoon vaparali jaate. dock visheshtah virghalalelya sendriya padarthatil carbonchya vastumanala sandarbhit karate, tarr dome mhanje virghalalelya sendriya padarthachya ekoon vastumanala sandarbhit karate. tyamule dommadhye sendriya padarthanmadhye asalelya nitrogen, auxigen aanee hydrogensarkhya itar ghatakanche vastuman dekhil samavisht asate. dock haah domcha eka ghatak aahe aanee samanyatah dockpecsha duppat dome asato. dockbaddal kelee jaau shakanari anek vidhane domla samanpane lagoo hotat aanee "ulat".
dock heey sagari aanee godya panyachya pranalinmadhye mubalak pramanat aahe aanee pruthvivaril sendriya padarthanchya sarvat mothya cycleyukt sathyanpaiki eka aahe, jeey vatavaranatil carbonchya pramanat aanee serve sendriya carbonchya 20 takkyanparyant aahe. sarvasadharanpane, sendriya carbon sanyuge hii vanaspati aanee pranyansah mrut sendriya padarthanpasun vighatan prakriyecha parinam aahet. dock konatyahi panyachya aatoon kinwa baheroon udbhavu shakato. panyachya shariratoon udbhavananya dockla autocthonus dock mhanoon olakhale jaate aanee samanyatah jaleey vanaspati kinwa shaivalapasun yete, tarr panyachya sharirabaher udbhavananya dockla allocthonus dock mhanoon olakhale jaate aanee samanyatah maatee kinwa sthaliy vanaspatinmadhun yete. jevha sendriya matiche praman jaast asalelya jaminitun paanee ugam pavte, tevha heey ghatak pramananusar nadya aanee talavanmadhye vahoon jaau shakatat.
sagari parisansthanchya karyasathi sagari dock pool mahattvacha aahe kaaran teey rasayanik aanee jaivik jug yanchyatil parasparsanvadavar aahet. dock sagari ann jaalyanna indhan puravato aanee pruthvichya carbon cyclecha eka pramukh ghatak aahe.
vihangavalokan.
dock heey eka moolbhut poshak tatva aahe, jeey sukshmajivanchya vadhis aadhar dete aanee sukshmajivanchya chakradware jaagtik carbon chakrat mahattvachi bhoomika bajavate. paramparik arthane ann naan denanya kahee jivanmadhye (tappyanmadhye), virghalalele padarth haah ekmev bahya ann srot asoo shakato. shivay, dock heey pravahanmadhil sendriya bharanche soochak aahe, tasech sthaliy prakriyela (udaa.jee.sendriya padarthanchi maatee, jangale aanee panthal jaganmadhye). uchch kramatil pravahanchya tulanet pahilya kramatil pravahanmadhye vighatit sendriya carbonche (bii. dii. oo. see.) jaivavighatanshil vighatit sendriya carbonche praman jaast asate. vyapak panthal jaaga, khadde kinwa daldalichya anupasthitit, vikshipt panthal bhagat samanyatah andaje 1 teey 20 mii. gra./litter karbanparyantchya dockchya baseflochya sandratechi shreni asate. carbonchi sandrata pratyek parisansthemadhye lakshaniyaritya badalate. udaharanarth, sadabahar gaare yaa parvataranganchya varchya bajula asoo shakatat aanee mahasagarancha madhala bhag talachya jawal asoo shakato. kadhikadhi, sendriya carbonche uchch praman manavjanya prabhav darshavate, parantu bahutek dock naisargikaritya udbhavtat.
bii. dii. oo. see. apurnank" madhye sendriya renu asatat, jeey heterotrophic jivanu urja aanee carboncha srot mhanoon vaparu shakatat. dastaivajacha kahee upasanch pinyachya panyasathi nirjantukikaran upautpadane tayar karnyache purvavarti aahet. bii. dii. oo. see. paanee vitaran pranalinmadhye avanchhit jaivik punarutpadanamadhye yogdan deu shakate.
ekoon sendriya carboncha (tii. oo. see.) virghalalela ansh heey eka karyatmak vargikaran aahe. anek sanshodhak 0.45 microne filtermadhun jaananya sanyugansathi 'virghalalele' haah shabd vapartat, parantu 0.22 microne filter dekhil uchch colloidal sandrata kadhoon taknyasathi vaparale gele aahet.
samanyatah sagari rasayanshastrat vaparlya jaanarya virghalalelya padarthanchi vyavharik vyakhya mhanje jee. eff./eff. filtermadhun jaanare serve padarth, jyacha chhidrancha aakar andaje 0.7 micronometer (whatman glass microfibre filter, 0.6-0.8 microne kann dharan) aahe. etch. tii. see. oo. tantra hii shifaras keleli prakriya aahe, jyat purv-jwalansheel kachechya tantunche filter, visheshtah jee. eff./eff. vargikaranadvare galan aavashyak aahe.
asthir aanee avikasit.
vighatit sendriya padarthanna tyachya pratikriyashilatenusar asthir kinwa avikasit mhanoon vargikrut kele jaau shakate. dockla apavartak dock dekhil mhanatat aanee yaa sandnya dockchya sandarbhat eka-dusyachya badalyat vaparlya jaatat asey disate. dockche mool aanee rachana yavar avalambun, tyache vartan aanee cycle chalvane bhinn aahe; dockcha asthir ansh sukshmajiv kinwa prakasharasayanik madhyasthi prakriyedvare vegane vighatit hoto, tarr apavartak dock ksharanas pratirodhak asato aanee sahasrabdiparyant samudrat tiku shakato. kinarpattivaril mahasagarat, jaminivaril vanaspatincha kachara kinwa matitil sendriya padarth adhik apavartak asalyache disun yete aanee tyamule teey anekada rudhivadipane vagatat. yavyatirikt, asthir dastaivajachya jivanu parivartanadvare samudramadhye apavartak dastaivaj tayar hoto, joou tyachya rachanela aakar deto.
naisargik pranalinmadhil satatche utpadan aanee hasamule, dock poolmadhye pratikriyashil sanyugancha eka varnapat asato, jyachi swatachi pratikriyashilata asate, jee pudhil taktyat darshavilyapramane, uladhalichya velenusar asthir teey avikasit asha apurnankanmadhye vibhagali gelee aahe...
uladhal kinwa hasachya velechi hii vistrut shreni rasayanik rachana, rachana aanee aanvik aakarashi jodali gelee aahe, parantu hasad paryavaraniy paristhitivar dekhil avalambun asato (udaa.jee.poshakdravye), procariot vividhata, redox sthitee, lohachi upalabdhata, khanij-kann sanghatana, tapman, suryaprakashacha sampark, recalcitrant sanyuganche jaivik utpadan aanee vaiyaktik renunchya prathamik kinwa patal honyacha parinam. udaharanarth, ligninche aerobic mateet apghatan houu shakate parantu teey anoxic sagari galanmadhye tulanene qamee pramanat aadhalate. heey udaharan darshavite qee jaivupalabdhata parisansthechya gunadharmanche karya mhanoon badalate. tyanusar, petroleum, carboxylayukt elycyclic renu yasarkhya samanyatah pracheen aanee avikasit sanyuge dekhil yogya paryavaraniy vatavaranat kharab kelee jaau shakatat.
sthaliy parisanstha.
maatee.
vighatit sendriya padarth (dome) haah sarvat sakriy aanee gatishil carbon poolpaiki eka aahe aanee jaagtik carbon cyclemadhye tyachi mahattvachi bhoomika aahe. yavyatirikt, virghalalelya sendriya carboncha (dock) matichya nakaratmak vidyut shulkachya nirjalikaran prakriyevar, matichya dravanatil aaml-kshar pratikriyanvar, poshak tattvanche (ketayan) dharan aanee sthanantar aanee judd dhatoo aanee zenobioticsche sthirikaran yavar parinam hoto. maticha gumbad vegvegalya strotankadun (input) midavata yeto, jase qee vatavaranatil carbon, paus, kachara aanee peak avashesh, khat, mule baher kadhane aanee matichya sendriya padarthanche (soam) vighatan. matimadhye, gumbad upalabdhata khanij ghatkanshi (udaa.jee., chikanmati, phii aanee all auxides) shoshanachya aanee shoshanachya prakriyedvare niyantrit kele jaatat. heey soam apurnankanvar dekhil avalambun asate (udaa.jee.khanij aanee sthirikaran prakriyedvare, sendriya renu aanee sukshmajiv jaivbhar) sthir kele. yavyatirikt, yaa parasparsanvadachi tivrata matiche antarnihit gunadharm, jaminicha vapar aanee peak vyavasthapan tyanusar badalate.
sendriya padarthanchya vighatanadarmyan, bahutek carbon sukshmajiv oxidationdware vatavaranat carbon dioxide mhanoon nasht hoto. maticha prakar aanee bhupradeshacha utaar, galatee aanee pravah yaa dekhil matitil ghumatanchya hanishi sambandhit mahattvachya prakriya aahet. changlya nichara jhalelya mateet, galalele dock panyachya talashi pohochu shakatat aanee poshak aanee pradushak sodu shakatat jeey bhujal dooshit karoo shakatat, tarr pravah itar bhagat, nadyanmadhye aanee talavanmadhye gumbad aanee zenobioticschi vahtook karato.
bhujal.
parjanyaman aanee prushthbhagavaril paanee galatee vanaspati aanee vanaspatinchya kachyatoon sendriya carbon (dock) virghalate aanee matichya stambhatoon santrupt kshetrat pasarate. matichya stambhatoon vahatukidarmyan sorption, desorption, biodegradation aanee biosynthesis vividh bhautik rasayanik aanee jaivik prakriyandvare dockchi ekagrata, rachana aanee jaivupalabdhata badalali jaate. hydrophobic renu pradhanyane matichya khanijanmadhye vibhajit kele jaatat aanee hydrophilic renunpeksha mateet jaast kaal tikavoon thevatat. matitil colloids aanee virghalalelya renunchi hydrophobicity aanee dharan karanyachi vel tyanchya aakar, dhruviyata, charge aanee jaivupalabdhatedware niyantrit kelee jaate. jaivupalabdha gumbad sukshmajivanchya vighatanas adheen aahe, parinami aakar aanee aanvik vajan qamee hote. naveen renu matichya sukshmajivandvare sanshleshit kele jaatat aanee yapaiki kahee chayapachay bhoogarbhatil dock jalashayat pravesh karatat.
godya panyachi parisanstha.
jalchar carbon vegvegalya swarupat aadhalato. pratham, sendriya aanee ajaivik karbanmadhye vibhagani kelee jaate. sendriya carbon heey detreats kinwa prathamik utpadkankadun udbhavananya sendriya sanyuganche mishran aahe. teey pock (kann sendriya carbon; kann> 0.45 microne) aanee dock (virghalalela sendriya carbon; kann <0.45 microne) madhye vibhagale jaau shakate. samanyatah dock heey jalchar sendriya carbonchya ekoon pramanapaiki 90 takke asate. tyachi sandrata 0.00 teey> 300 migra ell−1 paryant asate.
tyachpramane, ajaivik karbanmadhye kann (chitra) aanee virghalalela tappa (dii. aay. see.) dekhil asato. chitrat pramukhyane carbonate asatat (udaa.jee., caco3), dii. aay. see. madhye carbonate (qoo32-), bicarbonate (etch. see. oo. 3−), see. oo. 2 aanee carbonic acidcha (etch. 2. see. oo. 3) eka nagany lahan ansh asato. ajaivik carbon sanyuge samatolat astitvat asatat jee panyachya phvar avalambun asatat. carbonetyukt gaal asalelya bhagat, godya panyatil dii. aay. see. sandrata acidic panyat sumare shunyapasoon 60 mii. gra. see. ell. −1 paryant asate.
dock tayar karnyasathi pockche avmoolyan kele jaau shakate; dock floculationdware pock banoo shakate. ajaivik aanee sendriya carbon heey jalchar jivandware jodalele aahet. prakashsanshleshanat (pii) udaharanarth, shvasochchhavasadvare (aar) tayar jhalelya aanee vatavaranabarobar devanghevani jhalelya macrofitesdware carbon dioxidecha vapar keela jaato. sendriya carbon heey jivandware tayar kele jaate aanee tyanchya aayushyadarmyan aanee nantar sodale jaate; udaa.jee.nadyanmadhye, ekoon pramanatil 1-20% praman macrofitesdware tayar kele jaate. carbon panlot kshetratun pranalimadhye pravesh karoo shakato aanee nadya aanee pravahandvare mahasagaranmadhye vahoon nela jaato. galamadhye carbonchi devanghevan dekhil hote, udaa.jee.sendriya carbonche daphan, jeey jalchar adhivasanmadhye carbon pruthakkaranasathi mahatvache aahe.
jaagtik carbon pruthakkaranamadhe jaal pranali khoop mahattvachya aahet; udaa.jee.jevha vegvegalya european parisansthanchi tulana kelee jaate, tevha antardeshiy jaal pranali dusya kramankachi sarvat mothee carbon sink (19-41 tg cy−1) tayar karatat; keval jangale adhik carbon (125-223 tg cy−1) ghetat.
sagari parisanstha.
srot.
sagari pranalinmadhye dock ektar autocthonus kinwa allocthonus strotanmadhun udbhavate. svayanchalit dastaivaj pranalimadhye, pramukhyane plankton jivandware aanee kinarpattichya panyat atiriktapane benthic microalgay, benthic fluxes aanee macrofitesdware tayar keela jaato, tarr allocthonus dastaivaj pramukhyane bhujal aanee vatavaraniy inputdware purak asalelya sthaliy utpatticha aahe. matipasoon tayar jhalelya ardra padarthanvyatirikt, jaminivaril dastaivajat pavasachya ghatananmadhye niryat kelelya vanaspatinmadhun utsarjit honari samagri, vanaspati samagriche vatavaranatil utsarjan aanee jalchar vatavaranat sathavan (udaa.jee.asthir sendriya carbon aanee paragkan), aanee hajaro krutrim manavnirmit sendriya rasayne jee samudrat qamee sandratesah mojali jaau shakatat.
vighatit sendriya carbon (dock) haah pruthvivaril pramukh carbon poolsmadhil eka aahe. tyat vatavaranaitakech carbonche praman asate aanee sagari jaivbharatil carbonchya pramanapeksha donashe patine jaast asate. prathamik utpadan aanee pranijanya prani charavanyachya prakriyedarmyan dock pramukhyane prushthbhagajavalachya tharanmadhye tayar kele jaate. sagari dastaivajache itar srot mhanje kananpasoon vighatan, sthaliy aanee hydrothermal vent input aanee sukshmajiv utpadan. procariots (jivanu aanee archaea) capsular samagri, exopolymer aanee hydrolytic enzymeschya muktatedware tasech mrutyudaradvare (udaa.jee. viral shunt). procariots heey dockche mukhya vighatan karnare dekhil aahet, jaree dockchya kahee sarvat avikasit prakaransathi hydrothermal pranalinmadhil atishay santh ajaivik ksharan kinwa kadachit budananya kananche shoshan hii mukhya kadhoon takanyachi yantrana asoo shakate. yaa sakriy carbon jalashayatil chakr aanee vitaran samajoon ghenyasathi dastaivaj-sukshmajiv-parasparsanvadabaddalche yantrashastriy dnyan mahatvache aahe.
phytoplankton.
phytoplankton heey bahyakoshikiy utsarjanatun dock tayar karate, jeey samanyatah tyanchya ekoon prathamik utpadanachya 5 teey 30% darmyan asate, jaree heey prajatinnusar badalate. tathapi, bahyakoshikiy dastaivajache heey prakashan uchch prakash aanee qamee poshak patalyankhali vadhavale jaate aanee tyamule kadachit peshi urja nasht karanyachi eka yantrana mhanoon, eutroficpasoon oligotrophic kshetranparyant tulanene vaadh viola havee. phytoplankton sharirik tanavachya paristhitit autolysisdware dekhil dock tayar karoo shakate.jee., poshak tatvanchi maryada. itar abhyasanni phytoplankton aanee jivanu khanyachya messo-aanee macrow-zoplankatanchya sahkaryane dock utpadan darshavile aahe.
zooplankton.
sukshmajivansathi mahatvache urja srot asoo shakanare dhasalhate aahar, visarjan aanee shauchadvare pranisangrah-madhyasthiche aushadh sodane hote. annadhanyache praman jaast aanee mothya pranisangrah prajatinche varchasva asalelya kalat asey dastaivaj utpadan sarvat jaast asate.
jivanu aanee vishanu.
jivanunkade anekada dockche mukhya grahak mhanoon pahile jaate, parantu teey peshi vibhajan aanee vishanujanya lysis darmyan dock dekhil tayar karoo shakatat. jivanunche jaivarasayanik ghatak heey itar jivansarkhech asatat, parantu peshibhittimadhil kahee sanyuge adviteey asatat aanee jivanunpasun vyutpann dock (udaa.jee., peptidoglycan). hii sanyuge samudrat mothya pramanat vitareet kelee jaatat, jyamule asey soochit hote qee jivanu dock utpadan sagari pranalinmadhye mahatvache asoo shakate. vishanu heey mahasagaratil sarvat mubalak pramanat asalele jeevan prakar aahet, jeey shaiwal, jivanu aanee prani prajatinsah serve jivanna sankramit karatat. sansarganantar, vishanu ektar supt (lysogenic) kinwa utpadak (lytic) sthiteet pravesh karato. lytic chakramule peshi (peshi) viskalit hotat aanee dockche prakashan hote.
macrophytes.
sagari macrophytes (i.eae.macroalgay aanee seagrass) heey atyant utpadak aahet aanee kinarpattichya panyatil mothya bhagat pasarlele aahet parantu tyanchya dockchya utpadanavar farse laksh dile gele nahee. sthuljiv tyanchya ekoon prathamik utpadanachya 1-39% darmyan sthool shaiwal sodatat asey suchavananya eka puranmatvadi andajasah (kshay hott asalelya uutinmadhun sodanare vagaloon) vadhidarmyan sthool shaiwal sodatat, tarr sagari ghas tyanchya ekoon prathamik utpadanachya praman mhanoon 5 takkyanpeksha qamee sodatat. tapman aanee prakashachya uplabdhatevar avalambun daransah, prakashit kelele dastaivaj karbodkanmadhe samruddha asalyache darshavile gele aahe. jaagtik staravar macrophyte samudayanna ~ 160 tii. jee. see. varsh-1 dockche utpadan karanyachi soochana karnyat aalee aahe, jeey varshik jaagtik nadee dock inputchya (250 tii. jee. see. varsh-1) andaje ardhe aahe.
sagari gaal.
sagari gaal heey mahasagaratil oo. emm. ksharan aanee daphan karnyachya mukhya sthalanche pratinidhitva karatat, jyat panyachya stambhat aadhalanaya sukshmajivanchya ghanatepeksha 1000 putt jaast ghanata asate. galatil dock sandrata bahutekda varchya panyachya stambhapeksha mothya pramanat asate. yaa ekagratechya farkamule satat pasarnara pravah hoto aanee asey soochit hote qee gaal haah 350 tii. jee. see. varsh-1 sodanara eka pramukh dastaivaj srot aahe, joou nadyanmadhil dastaivajachya inputshee tulana karata yeto. haah andaj ganana kelelya prasarak pravahanvar aadharit aahe aanee tyat punarujjivan ghatanancha samavesh nahee jeey dock dekhil sodatat aanee mhanoon andaj puranmatvadi asoo shakato. tasech, kahee abhyasanni asey darshavile aahe qee bhoo-aushnik pranali aanee petroleum galatee heey khol sagari khonyanmadhye purv-vayatil dastaivajasah yogdan detat, parantu ekoon guntavanukichya satatyapurn jaagtik andajancha sadhya abhav aahe. jaagtik staravar, mahasagaranmadhye jaananya godya panyachya pravahatil adnyat bhagasathi bhujal karanibhoot aahe. bhoojalatil dastaivaj heey sthaliy, ghuskhori kelele sagari aanee sukshmajivajanyaritya utpadit samagriche mishran aahe. kinarpattichya panyatil dockcha haah pravah mahattvacha asoo shakato, kaaran bhoojalatil sandrata samanyatah kinarpattichya sagari panyapeksha jaast asate, parantu sadhya vishvasarh jaagtik andajancha dekhil abhav aahe.
budaleli.
mahasagarachya panyachya stambhatoon dastaivaj kadhoon takna mukhya prakriya pudhilpramane aaheth (1) eae. madheel aushnik ksharan.jee.panbudi hydrothermal pranali; (2) sookshm kananmadhye budbude jamane aanee ajaivik floculation kinwa kananmadhye sorption; (3) prakasharasayanik pratikriyandware ajaivik apghatan; aanee (4) heterotrophic sagari procariotsdware jaivik apghatan. asey suchavale gele aahe qee prakasharasayanik aanee sukshmajivanchya avanatiche ektrit parinam heey dockchya pramukh budanyache pratinidhitva karatat.
aushnik ksharan.
uchch-tapmanachya hydrothermal rij-bajuvar, jethe pravahatil pramanapeksha baherchya pravahache praman qamee asate, tethe dockche aushnik avakshay aadhalun aale aahe. yaa prakriyanchya jaagtik parinamachi tapasani kelee gelee nasali taree, sadhyachi aakadevari suchavate qee heey eka kirkol dock sink aahe. jevha taje aanee sagari paanee misalate tevha ksharata jalad (minite) badaladarmyan ajaivik dock floculation anekada disun yete. floculation heey humic sanyuge kadhoon aanvik aakar qamee karoon, dockla kanyukt sendriya floxmadhye rupantarit karoon, dockla rasayanik rachana badalate, jeey galoo shakatat aanee/kinwa charai karnare aanee filter feedersdware sevan kele jaau shakatat, parantu teey floculated dockchya jivanu ksharanas dekhil uttejit karate. kinarpattichya panyatoon dock kadhoon taknyavar floculation parinam atyant badaloo shakatat, kahee abhyas asey suchavatat qee teey dock poolchya 30 takkyanparyant kadhoon takoo shakatat, tarr itaranna khoopach qamee moolye aadhaltat (3-6%;). asha farkanche spashtikaran, dastaivajatil rasayanik rachana, ph, dhatuche catayan sandrata, sukshmajiv pratikriyashilata aanee ionic shaktimadhil hangami aanee pranalitil farkandware kele jaau shakate.
see. dii. oo. emm.
dockcha (see. dii. oo. emm.) rangeet ansh nila aanee yuu. vhee.-prakash shreneet prakash shoshun gheto aanee tyamule prakash shoshun ghetalyane plankton utpadaktevar nakaratmak prabhav padato, jeey anyatha prakashsanshleshanasathi upalabdh asel aanee plankton jivanche hanikarak yuu. vhee.-prakashapasun sanrakshn karoon sakaratmak prabhav padato. tathapi, yuviche nuksan aanee durusti karnyachya kshamatecha parinam atyant badaloo shakato, tyamule yuvi-prakashatil badalancha ekoon plankton samudayanvar kassa parinam houu shakato yavar ekmat nahee. prakashache see. dii. emm. shoshan prakasharasayanik prakriyanchi eka jatil shreni suru karate, jee poshak tatvanvar parinam karoo shakate, dhatoo aanee dock rasayanik rachanecha magova gheu shakate aanee dockchya hasala protsahan deu shakate.
photodegradation.
photodegradationmadhye see. dii. oo. emm. chey lahan aanee qamee rangeet renunmadhye (udaa.jee.sendriya aaml), kinwa ajaivik carbon (qoo, qoo2) aanee poshak ksharanmadhye (aine. etch. 4−, etch. pii. oo.). mhanoon, yacha samanyatah arth assa aahe qee photodegradation heey recalcitrantche asthir dock renunmadhye rupantar karate jeey procariotsdware biomass utpadan aanee shvasanasathi vegane vaparale jaau shakatat. tathapi, triglyceridesarkhya sanyuganche sukshmajivandvare qamee kharab houu shakananya adhik jatil sugandhi sanyuganmadhye rupantar karoon teey see. dii. emm. dekhil vadhavu shakate. shivay, yuu. vhee. kiranotsarg eae. tayar karoo shakato.jee., pratikriyashil auxigen prajati, jyaa sukshmajivansathi hanikarak aahet. dock poolvaril prakasharasayanik prakriyancha prabhav rasayanik rachnevar dekhil avalambun asato, kahee abhyas asey suchavatat qee alikade utpadit autocthonus dock qamee jaivupalabdha hoto tarr suryaprakashachya samparkat aalyanantar allocthonus dock procariotsasathi adhik jaivupalabdha hoto, jaree itaranna yachya ulat aadhalale aahe. jyaa kinarpattichya panyat jaminivarun tayar kelelya see. dii. oo. chaa bhaar jaast asato, tithe prakasharasayanik pratikriya visheshtah mahattvachya asatat, jyat andaje ~20-30% jaminivaril dastaivaj vegane photodegrade kele jaatat aanee vaparale jaatat. jaagtik andaj asehi suchavatat qee sagari pranalinmadhye dockche photodegradation 180 tii. jee. see. varsh-1 ajaivik carbon tayar karate, atirikt 100 tii. jee. see. varsh-1 dock sukshmajivanchya hasasasathi adhik upalabdh karoon dile jaate. jaagtik mahasagarachya andajavaril aanakhi eka prayatna asehi suchavato qee photodegradation (210 tii. jee. see. vaay.-1) heey naditil dockchya (250 tii. jee. see. vaay.-1;) varshik jaagtik inputsarkhech aahe, tarr itar suchavatat qee thet photodegradation naditil dock inputpeksha jaast aahe.
apramanik doctor.
dock heey sankalpanatmakdrushtya asthir dockmadhye vibhagale gele aahe, jeey heterotrophic sukshmajivandvare vegane ghetale jaate aanee recalcitrant dock jalashay, jeey samudrat jamaa jhaale aahe (hanselchya vyakhyenusar). tyachya punaravartanamule, jamaa jhalela dastaivaj prushthbhagachya panyat 1,000 teey 4,000 varshe aanee khol samudrat 3,000 teey 6,000 varshe sarasari redio carbon vayaparyant pohochato, jeey darshavite qee too 300 teey 1,400 varshanchya darmyan anek khol mahasagar mishran chakranmadhun tikoon rahato. yaa sarasari redio carbon yuganmage, yugancha eka motha varnapat lapoon aahe. follet aanee itar. dakhavalelya dastaivajat aadhunik redio carbon yugacha eka ansh, tasech 12,000 varshanparyantchya redio carbon yugaparyant pohochnanya dastaivajacha samavesh aahe.
vitaran.
1990 chya dashakachya uttaradhat vikasit kelelya adhik achook mapan tantranmule, virghalalelya sendriya carbonche sagari vatavaranat anulamb aanee sampoorn prushthbhagavar vitaran kase hote heey changlya prakare samajoon ghenyas madat jhaali aahe. aata heey samajale jaate qee mahasagarat virghalalela sendriya carbon atishay asthir teey atishay apavartak (apavartak) paryant pasarlela aahe. asthir virghalalela sendriya carbon pramukhyane sagari jivandware tayar keela jaato aanee prushthbhagavaril mahasagarat vaparla jaato aanee tyat sakhar, prathine aanee itar sanyuge asatat jee sagari jivanudware sahajpane vaparali jaatat. recalcitrant virghalalela sendriya carbon sampoorn panyachya stambhat samaan ritine pasarlela asato aanee tyat uchch aanvik vajan aanee sanrachanatmakdrushtya guntaguntichi sanyuge asatat jee lignin, paragkan kinwa humic esidsarkhya sagari jivanna vaparane katheen asate. parinami, nirikshan kelelya ubhya vitarnamadhye varchya panyachya stambhat asthir dastaivajachi uchch sandrata aanee kholvar qamee sandrata asate.
ubhya vitarnanvyatirikt, aadvya vitarananche pratirupan aanee namune dekhil ghetale gele aahet. 30 meater kholichya prushthbhagavaril mahasagarat, adhik virghalalelya sendriya carbonchi sandrata dakshin prashant mahasagar, dakshin atlantic mahasagar aanee bharatiy mahasagarat aadhalate. 3, 000 meater kholivar, uttar atalantikchya khol panyat sarvadhik sandrata asate, jithe uchch sandratechya prushthbhagavaril mahasagaratun virghalalela sendriya carbon kholvar kadhala jaato. tarr uttar bharatiy mahasagarat uchch pramanatil dock heey jaast godya panyacha pravah aanee gaal yamule disun yete. mahasagarachya talashi aadvya gatiche praman hajaro varshant asalyane, uttar atalantikmadhun jaatana apavartak virghalalela sendriya carbon haloohaloo khalla jaato aanee uttar prashant mahasagarat kiman pohochato.
udayonmukh mhanoon.
virghalalele sendriya padarth heey hajaro, bahudha lakho, sendriya sanyuganche eka vijatiy pool aahe. hii sanyuge keval rachana aanee sandratemadhye (pii. emm. teey micronumeter) bhinn nasatat, tarr vividh jivanmadhun (phytoplankton, zooplankton aanee jivanu) aanee vatavaranatun (sthaliy vanaspati aanee maatee, kinarpattivaril kinarpatti parisanstha) dekhil udbhavtat aanee alikade kinwa hajaro varshanpurvi tayar jhaali asateel. shivay, ekach strotatoon aanee tyach vayachi sendriya sanyuge dekhil ekach gumbadamadhye jamaa honyapurvi vegvegalya prakriya itihasachya adheen asoo shakatat.
aateel mahasagar gumbad haah eka atyant sudharit ansh aahe joou suryaprakashachya samparkat aalyanantar, heterotrofsdware vapar, floculation aanee coagulation aanee kananshi parasparsanvadanantar rahato. ghumat talavatil yapaiki anek prakriya sanyug kinwa varg-vishisht aahet. udaharanarth, ghanroop sugandhi sanyuge atyant prakashsanvedi asatat, tarr prathine, karbodke aanee tyanche monomers jivanu sahajpane grahan karatat. sukshmajiv aanee itar grahak teey vaparat asalelya gumbad prakarat nivadak asatat aanee samanyatah itaranpeksha kahee sendriya sanyuge pasant karatat. parinami, domvar satat punarbandhani kelee jaat asalyane too qamee pratikriyashil hoto. dusya prakare, gumbad talav qamee asthir aanee adhogatisah adhik apavartak hoto. jasjase tyache punarbandhani kelee jaate, tasatase grahak samudayadvare bhautik mishran, kananshi devanghevan aanee/kinwa sendriya renunche utpadan karoon sendriya sanyuge satat mothya dome poolmadhye jodali jaat aahet. tyamule, adhik asthir ghatak sahajpane kadhoon takane aanee parinami urvarit, qamee asthir sanyuge jamaa hone yapeksha adhahpatanadarmyan honare rachnatmak badal adhik guntaguntiche asatat.
vighatit sendriya padarth punaravartan (i.eae.tyamule, hasad aanee/kinwa vaparasathi tyachi ekoon pratikriyashilata) haah eka udayonmukh gunadharm aahe. sendriya padarthanchya hasadarmyan aanee vicharadhin asalelya gumbad talavat sendriya sanyuge kadhoon takna kinwa jodana itar konatyahi prakriyechya sanyogane gumbad punaravartan honyachi dharana badalate.
sukshmajivanchya hasasasathi dockchya uchch sandratechya aashcharyakarak pratikarala anek gruhitkanni sambodhit kele aahe. prachalit kalpana ashee aahe qee dockchya recalcitrant anshamadhye kahee rasayanik gunadharm asatat, jeey sukshmajivandvare vighatan rokhatat ("aantarik sthirata gruhitak"). patal karnyachya gruhitkadvare" eka paryayi kinwa atirikt spashtikaran dile jaate, qee serve sanyuge asthir asatat, parantu sukshmajivanchi sankhya tikavoon thevanyasathi vaiyaktikaritya khoop qamee sandratemadhye astitvat asatat parantu ektritpane eka motha pool tayar karatat. alikadil prayogik aanee saiddhantik abhyasanmadhye mandavanyachya gruhitkala samarthan midale aahe.
vilgikaran aanee vishleshan.
aine. emm. aar. kinwa ms. saha thet vishleshanasathi dome nisargat qamee sandratemadhye aadhalato. shivay, ghumat namunyanmadhye anekada asha tantranshi visangat asalelya ajaivik ksharanchi uchch sandrata asate. tyamule, namunyache ekagratatmak aanee vilgikaran aavashyak aahe. atee-nispandan, ulat paravartan aanee ghan-charan nishkarshan hii sarvat jaast vaparali jaanari vilgikaran tantre aahet. tyapaiki solid-fages nishkarshan heey sarvat swast aanee sarvat sope tantra manale jaate.