
alpakalin

 
alpakalin hii tatpurati nirmiti aahe jee tikavoon thevanyasathi kinwa jatan karnyasathi nahee. tyachi vyutpattishastriy utpatti pracheen greesmadhye vistarli aahe, yaa shabdachi samanya vyakhya ashee aaheh "dainandin jivanache kirkol kshanik dastaivaj". swarupane sandigdha, alpakalin aanee sambandhit vastunche vividh arth lavnyacha vaad, jyat menu, vartamanpatre, postcard, bhittipatra, patrak sangeet, stickers aanee valentines yancha samavesh aahe.
mudran krantipasoon, alpakalin haah dainandin jivanacha dirghakalin ghatak rahila aahe. kahee alpakalin rachana tyanchya rachnet alankrut asatat, pratishtha midavatat, tarr itar kiman aanee visheshtah upayogitavadi asatat. alpakalin avasthechya jawaljawal serve sankalpana yaa vishayachya disposabilitychi nond ghetat.
alpakalin kalapasoon kutumbe, chhandaswarupi aanee snrakshak yandware alpakalin kalapasoon gola keela jaat aahe, alpakalin kalapasoonchya kahee ghatana gola karnyachya uddeshane. sangrahakarte aanee samajanchya sahityane alpakalin sanrakshanachi adhik ichchhashakti nirman karnyat yogdan dile aahe, jeey aata sangrah aanee granthalay sangrahanmadhye sarvatra aahe. alpakalin kalat shaikshanik swarsyakade manvyavidhya aanee tyachya swatachya fayadhyasathi, samajshastriy, sanskrutik kinwa manavvanshashastriy parshvabhumisarkhya vividh babinche chitran kinwa antardrushti pradan karnyasathi eka fayadeshir shakyata mhanoon pahile gele aahe.
vyutpatti aanee vargikaran.
ephemera" () chey vyutpattishastriy mool greek "epi" ()-"aun, phaur" aanee "hemera" ()-"day" aahe. yaa sanyogane napunsak lingamadhye ephemeron haah shabd nirman keela; napunsak bahuvachan roop ephemera aahe, joou aadhunik shabdacha srot aahe, joou aristotalchya kamanmadhye shodhala jaau shakato. haah shabd bahuvachan aanee ekvachan assa donhi prakarcha aahe. prarambhik arth jivashastriy kramanusar ephimemopterashi sambandhit mephlai aanee itar alpakalin keetak aanee fulanparyant vistarla. 1751 madhye, samuel johnsonne 'daad papers auph daad day' chya sandarbhat 'ephemere' haah shabd vaparla-aanee varanvar yaa shabdacha nirmata mhanoon uddhrut keela jaato. alpakalin' chaa haah vapar kshanik chhapansah sanrekhit karnyache pahile udaharan mhanoon uddhrut keela gela aahe. "19vya shatkachya madhyaparyant, mudrit vastooncha sarvasadharanpane sandarbh denyasathi "alpakalin" chaa vapar houu lagla. alpakalin aanee alpakalinata yancha paraspar arth 'kalantar, badal aanee aaplya swatachya astitvachi tatvikdrushtya antim drushti' assa aahe. alpakalin haah jyaa pramanat alpakalin aahe, too kahee pramanat tyala dilelya mulyanusar aahe aanee kalantarane vishisht alpakalinata samanyatah qamee hott asalyache disun aale aahe. udaharanarth, vinodi pustake ekekali alpakalin manali jaat hotee; tathapi, nantar tee dharana lupt jhaali.
"alpakalin", "swarupane sandigdha, vividh prakarchya anuprayogancha itihas asalyache nondavale gele aahe, sadhyachi sarvat samanya vyakhya ashee aaheh" "dainandin jivanache kirkol kshanik dastaivaj". hii vyakhya mudrit sahityachya mothya sandarbhat alpakalin upasthitiche varnan karateh ughadpane kshullak sansarikta. "[eae] agadi dainandin jeevan" lokpriy sanskruti aanee samajik itihasashi sambandh sthapit karate; alpakalin haah ukt jivanacha eka mahattvacha pailu aahe, joou heinry jenkinschya matey, dainandin jeevanat udbhavananya sanskratiche abhautik swaroop darshavito. rick prelingerne namood kele qee alpakalin sthitila adhik moolya dile jaat asalyane, asha prakare alpakalinata qamee hott asatana, samanya vyakhya swatach alpakalin asoo shakate. 
alpakalin haah "katheen" aahe yaa granthpalanmadhil aabhasi ekmatamule, vargikaranamule granthalay vidnyan kshetravar bhaar padala aahe aanee alpakalinchya sandigdhatemule itihaslekhanasathihi tech katheen aahe. alpakalin uddesh, vaparache kshetra aanee bhoogol heey tyachya vargikaranashi sambandhit vividh ghatakanpaiki eka aahet. alpakalin sthitishi sambandhit aavhananmadhye tyacha nirmata, uddesh, tarikh aanee mool thikan aanee tyacha parinam nishchit karane samavisht aahe. sadhyachya sandarbhat tyache moolya nishchit karane, tyachya kadachit aspasht uddeshapeksha vegale asane dekhil swarasyapoorn aahe. 
mudrit alpakalin kalavadhichi rundi vishal aanee vaividhyapurn aahe, bahutekda tee sopee vyakhya talhate. granthapal anekada alpakalin sahityashi sammishra karatat, tarr sangrahak anekada alpakalin sahityachi vyapti aanee vyakhya vistrut karatat. jose esteban munoz yanni alpakalinatechi vaishishtye hii vidhvansak aanee samajik anubhav manali; ellison byreley yanni alpakalinanche varnan sanskrutik kalanna pratisad mhanoon kele. lupt hone kinwa nashasathi niyat kelelya vastoo' mhanoon 'ephemera' chee vyakhya karananya vassaramanne 'ephemera' mhanoon khaleel goshtinche vargikaran keleh 
alpakalin mhanoon vargikrut kelelya aanakhi vastunmadhye pudhil goshtincha samavesh aaheh bhittichitre, dhvanimudrikanche mukhprushth, baithakichi minite, batane, stickers, aarthik nondi aanee vaiyaktik smaraneey vastoo; janm, mrutyu, padvi kinwa vivah yasarkhya jivanatil ghatananchya ghoshana alpakalin mhanoon varnan kelya gelya aahet. majkoor, eksamanpane, alpakalin manla jaau shakato. kalatmak alpakalin kalat valuchi chitre, jaanunbujun tatpuratya sahityane banaleli shilpe, bhittichitre aanee chhapamar qalaa yancha samavesh hoto. aitihasikdrushtya, alpakalin avastheche vividh prakar rahile aahet. shaili karyadvare paribhashit kelya jaau shakatat kinwa vishisht vastoocha samavesh aanee tapasheel asoo shakatat. 18vya teey 20vya shatkaparyantchya 'daad encyclopedia auph ephemera' madhye 500 hoon adhik shreni soochibaddha aahet.
form.
mudrit alpakalin.
kahee samaj adhik vyapakpane samavisht asale taree, samanyatah, mudrit alpakalin kalavadhi haah "battis pananpeksha jaast lambicha" nasalyache disun yete. alpakalin heey pramukhyane eka prushth samagri mhanoon pahile jaate, jyat bhinnata aanee punaravrutti vaishishtye asatat. jaree eka vegala rachana shabdakosh tukadyanmadhye aadhalu shakato, taree mudrit alpakalin sahityacha samagri vapar khoop qamee asato aanee barechase kalevina asatat. prarambhik alpakalin, karyatmakdrushtya ekvarni aanee pramukhyane majkoor, samanya lokankadoon mudran aanee nantar swast chhayachitranamadhye adhik pravesh darshavito. 17 vya shatkatil alpakalin kalat prashasakeey ghatak aanee adhik drushye samavisht kelee gelee. jahirat aanee mahitee heey alpakalin kalatil prathamik ghatakanpaiki eka aahet; rachana ghatak, jeey samanyatah punarujjivanasarkhya utpattichya kalavadhiche soochak asatat, bahudha uchch saksharta daranusar badalale aahet. alpakalin gadya heey pithipasoon tulanene lamb (udaharanarth, ~ 400 shabd) asoo shakate. 19vya shatkaparyant, shilalekhanchya samaveshamule, rangeet chhapai, tasech ujjwal, sarjansheel, navinyapurn aanee alankrut rachana astitvat hotee. duplicating machines aanee photocopierschi aadhunik alpakalin sthitee pramukhyane mahitipurn aahe. efemerachi 'samanya supathyata' drushyanchya vaparadvare sadhya kelee gelee, eka assa guna jyache efemermadware lakshaniy lokshahikaran karnyat aale. 
mudrit alpakalin avastheche vividh prakar vegane bighadatat, joou alpakalin avasthechya vyakhyanmadhil eka mahattvacha ghatak aahe. jaree vyapak asale taree, 19vya shatkapurvicha alpakalin kaal kvachitach tikala aahe. alpakalin kalavadhicha barachsa bhag vilhewat lavnyacha hetu navhata. niyukt kelelya vyaktinni tyanchya nimn-gunavattemule vyapak tiraskar pahila, jyamule tyanche jaganyache praman dhokyat aale. sanyamachya halchalimule sarvavyapi alpakalin utpann jhaale; kahee mudrit alpakalin utpadan praman lakho hote, jaree padarthache praman nishchit karane heey anekada maryadit parantu vishal andajavar avalambun asate. asha prakarcha sanyam alpakalin haah samkalin bhavnikta aanee tiraskar nirman karnyasathi puresa pramukh hota. yaa tappyaparyant, alpakalin mudrane vividh aasthapananni chhapali hotee, bahudha kahee sansthancha too eka pramukh ghatak banala hota.
mudran krantinantar 15vya shatkachya madhyabhagala alpakalin rogache mool mhanoon olakhale gele aahe. chhapaichya suruvatichya kalat dharmik bhogansarkhe alpakalin prasang mahattvache hote. pratham vastumanane utpadit alpakalin haah bhogancha eka prakar (~ 1454/55) asalyache manale jaate. alpakalin magani hii shaharanchya vadhatya pramanabarobar julali, jyanantar tyaa samanyatah rastyanvar vikhurlya gelya. alpakalinane mahitichya prasarache eka mahattvapoorn sadhan mhanoon kaam kele aahe, jeey paryatan, vitt, kayada aanee karamanook yasarkhya sarvajanik kshetranmadhye spasht aahe aanee "mahitichi devanghevan mhanoon chhapil madhyamanchya prasaras madat kelee aahe". tyanchya kalat, alpakalin kalacha vapar dastaivajikaran, shikshan, yuddh, teeka aanee pracharasathi keela gela aahe.
lotterychi tikite, playbill aanee vyapar carde heey georgia aanee yadavi yuddh yugasarkhya kalkhandatil sarvat pramukh alpakalin kalanpaiki eka aahet. panoramic chitre haah alpakalin kalacha eka durgami varg hota, parinami kahee baakee rahile. junk mail heey pramukh alpakalinateche samkalin udaharan aahe. alpakalin bhautik sarvavyapita hii tulanene aadhunik ghatana aahe, jyacha purava heinry beraldi yanchya tyanchya prasaravaril aashcharyakarak likhanatoon midato. mudrit alpakalin avastheche sarvavyapi varnan 1840 chya dashkaparyant vistarle aahe aanee shatkachya akheris, jyaa kalat alpakalin sthiticha mahapur samanya jhaala hota, "vachakanna mudrit alpakalin sthitishi asalelya tyanchya sambandhadvare paribhashit kele gele". 19vya shatkachya madhyaparyant alpakalin vadhivar charcha karane, udaa.ess. dallas yanni lihile qee naveen shishtachar sadar karnyat aale hote, tyamule eka naveen yug pudhe yenar hote, jyamule lekhakatva aanee sahitya aata abhautik rahile nahee yaa bhavnela samarthan midale.
digital alpakalin.
1998 madhye, granthapal richard stone yanni lihile qee internetkade "tyachya prachand pramanat mahitee aanee jahiratinsah alpakalin antim mhanoon pahile jaau shakate, jee atyant kshanik aanee asthir swarupachi aahe aanee badal kinwa hatavanyapasun asurakshit aahe". anek shikshanatadnyanni digital alpakalinateche varnan paramparik prakaranpeksha kadachit adhik asurakshit asalyache kele aahe. internet meams aanee selfiche varnan alpakalin swaroop mhanoon kele gele aahe aanee vividh aadhunik mudrit alpakalin digital ghatak darshavtat. samanyatah chhapalela alpakalin kaal adhikadhik keval digital paddhatine prakat hoto. eae-ephimera' hii digital-janmaleli samagri aanee imelacha, visheshtah sanskrutik sansthanni tayar kelelya pracharatmak vividhatecha, paratext mhanoon 'eae-ephimera' chee vyakhya karate; eae-pustake manalya jaananya monograph, catalog aanee sookshm-sanketsthale vagalali jaatat. prashasakeey swarupachya sanketsthalanni varnanala alpakalin mhanoon pahile aahe. instagramchya pasantimadhye chitratmak-rachana kelelya alpakalin sthitiche pradarshan karnyasathi samarpit khaatee aahet.
jaree digital alpakalin haah mudrit alpakalin swarupacha asala taree too aanakhi prachalit aahe aanee alpakalinatechya badalatya aakalnashi nigadit aahe. eae-ephimera' chaa prasar hott asalyache 'tett library' chya 'hollie callaghan' neey namood kele; alpakalin yaa prakaravar vadhatya avalambitvamule chinta nirman jhaali aahe, nantarchya praveshyogyatebaddal aanee ichchit praptakartyambaheral lokansathi heey katheen aahe. varvar pahata anant digital sathavanukicha hawala dett, vassaraman mhanale qee, "alpakalin" hii shreni astitvat nahee, tyateel samagri shevati jatan kelee jaat aahe.
sankalan.
keval urvarit punarutpadan kaay asoo shakate heey lakshat gheuun, uddeshane aanee hetuvina, alpakalin dirghkalapasun mothya pramanat gola kele jaat aahe. victorian kutumbanni tyanchya alpakalin sangrahala scrapbookmadhye scrap aanee trade cardsasarkhe midvat chikatavale, tarr georgian curatorsney alpakalin sangrah purnapane sangrahit keela. jaree eka prakhyat aantarvaiyaktik karya asale taree, bahya sanskrutik upasthiti qamee asalela haah eka khajgi prayatna hota. cigaret carde mothya pramanavar, rachnanusar gola kelee jaat hotee.
samkalin kalat, jaree vyapti aanee swarsyachya sandarbhat samasya astitvat asoo shakatat, taree sansthanni digital alpakalinata tikavoon thevanyacha prayatna keela aahe. kahee pramanat sangrahakanmule, 1970 chya dashakapasun alpakalin rogacha upchar karnyacha vichar keela jaat aahe, jyaa velee alpakalin rogashi sambandhit sanstha, vyavsayik sanghatana aanee prakashne udayas aalee. jaree alpakalin hii eka jaagtik ghatana asali, taree vyaj pramukhyane britton aanee americet aahe. alpakalin sangrah heey adviteey, anukramik aanee samajoon ghene katheen asoo shakatat. 
alpakalin sankalanasathi eka pramukh prerana mhanoon anek vidvananni bhootkalabarobarcha sambandh, jase qee udasinatecha, spasht keela. asha sambandhanche varnan udrekkari aanee vatavaraniy asey kele gele aahe; smrutee hii samoohik aanee sanskrutik aahe; lokranjak mhanoon udaseen bhavna aanee nairashyashi sambandhit alpakalin bhavna. saundaryashastra, shaikshanik pragati aanee astitvatil alpakalinata hyankadehi prerana mhanoon pahile gele aahe.
shaikshanik.
mudrit alpakalin abhyasavar barach vaad jhaala aahe; loksahitya abhyas aanee lokpriy sanskruti abhyasanshi tulana karoon, anukrame 'smaran aanee pratidhvanit punarlekhan' chaa aagrah dharane aanee jeey adhik pratishthit aahe tyacha virodh karane yamule vidvanankadun vividh drushtikon aanee arth prastavit kele gele aahet. alpakalin sahityatil tyachya nirmitishi sambandhit prakarah vyapar patrake, vistrut gathagit, adhyaypustake, panchang aanee vartamanpatre; vidwan pramukhyane 19 vya shatkanantarchya alpakalin kalache parikshan karatat kaaran tyache praman jaast aahe. visheshtah alpakalin abhyasachya prarambhi, jeey aata vadhat chalalele shaikshanik kshetra aahe, tyaa kalat, mothya sankhyene vidwan heey sangrahak, sangrahlekhak aanee haushi rahile aahet. 21vya shatkachya suruvatila upasthit asalelya "kahee lekhanan" nantar alpakalin mudatichya digitization praveshyogyata pradan kelee aahe aanee naveen swarsyala chalana dilee aahe. 
eka srot mhanoon, alpakalinata mothya pramanat sweekarli gelee aahe. dainandin jeevan, sanvad, samajik gatishilata aanee samajik nikashanchi amalbajavani yasah samajik gatishilata spasht karnyache shrey alpakalinala dile jaate. shivay, alpakalin kalavadhichya madhyamatoon vegvegalya gatantil vividh sanskratinche moolyankan kele jaau shakate. alpakalin, recordsasathi, itihasachi dusari bajoo nondavtat...[jyamadhye] serve prakarche manvi guna aahet jeey anyatha sampadit kele jaatil.