
ectodermche tapasheel

zenopus levis" madhye, teen jantu staranche (endoderm, mesoderm aanee ectoderm) tapasheel blastula tappyat aadhaltat. endoderm aanee mesoderm nirdisht karnare ghatak nishchit karnyasathi mothe prayatna kele gele aahet. dusarikade, gelya dashakat ectodermchya vishishtatesathi aavashyak asalelya janukanchi keval kahee udaharane varnan kelee gelee aahet. ectodermchya vishishtatesathi aavashyak asalela pahila renu mhanje ubiquitin legace ectodermin (ecto, tiff-jee, triim33); nantar asey aadhalun aale qee dubicutinating enzyme, pham/usp9ex, smad4 (dupont ett all) madhye ectoderminne kelelya sarvyapitechya prabhavanvar maat karnyas saksham aahe.2009). ectodermal vishisht janukanchya januk abhivyaktivar niyantran thevanyasathi done pratilekhan ghatak prastavit kele gele aaheth pau91/aukt3/4 aanee foxy1/zema. ectodermsathi vishisht asalela eka naveen ghatak, ex. eff. dii. ell. 156, pluripotent peshinpasoon mesodermchya bhinnatechya dadpanasathi aavashyak asalyache disun aale aahe.
ectodermin aanee pham.
ectodermin aanee kutumbachi jaivik bhoomika.
zenopus" bhrunamadhye pratham olakhali jaanari prathine ectodermin, ectodermal bhavitvyala protsahan dete aanee tii. jee. eff. bii. aii.-super familyche sadasya, vadhicha ghatak β (tii. jee. eff. bii. aii.) aanee hadey morphogenic prathine (bii. emm. pii.) yanche parivartan karnyachya sanketachya madhyamatoon madhyasthi karoon mesoderm nirmiti dadapate. jevha tii. jee. eff. bii. aii. legands tii. jee. eff. bii. aii. receptors bandhale jaatat, tevha teey signal transducer aar-smads (ess. emm. aii. dii. 2, ess. emm. aii. dii. 3) sakriy karatat. ess. emm. aii. dii. 4 sakriy aar-smads eka sankul tayar karate aanee tii. jee. eff. bii. tii. signalla pratisad mhanoon vishisht janukanche pratilekhan sakriy karate. bii. emm. pii. marg tyach prakare tyache sanket prasarit karato parantu itar prakarchya aar-smadsdware (smad1, smad5 aanee smad8). tii. jee. eff. bii. aii. aanee bii. emm. pii. yaa donhi marganmadhye samayik kelela transcription factor smad4 haah ekmev samanya madhyasth aahe. ectodermchya vishishtatedarmyan, smad4 chey karya anukrame ectodermin aanee famdware kelelya sarvavyapi aanee deubiquitinationdware niyantrit kele jaate. tii. jee. eff. bii. aii. aanee bii. emm. pii. pasoon milananya sanketanna too pratisad deu shakato qee nahee heey smad4 chee sarvavyapi sthitee tharvel. rogjantucha thurr tayar karnyasathi aavashyak asalelya janukanchya januk abhivyaktimadhye badal karnyas saksham honyasathi tii. jee. eff. bii. aii. aanee bii. emm. pii. transducer, smad4, pham aanee ectoderminechya kriyakalapanche santulan, sthanikikaran aanee vel sadhya kelee pahije.
ectodermin aanee kutumbachi olakh.
krutrim emm. aar. aine. aii. tayar karnyasathi bedkachya garbhachya blastula tappyatil see. dii. aine. aii. granthalayache aar. aine. aii. abhivyakti plasmidmadhye pratirupan karnyat aale. tyanantar emm. aar. aine. aii. chaa chaar peshinchya tappyavar anek 'zenopus' bhrunanmadhye injection denyat aala aanee ectodermal marker ess. oo. ex. 2 chya kshetracha vistar aanee mesodermal marker ex. bii. aii. chya abhivyaktiche qamee karnyasathi suruvatichya blastula bhrunanmadhye pahile gele. bhrunat injection dile asata haah phenotype sadar karnyasathi 50 paiki eka pratirup haah ectodermin hota. tii. jee. eff. bii. aii. laa pratisad niyantrit karnare dubiquitinesses shodhanyasathi sirna screendware kutumbachi olakh patavali gelee.
ectodermin aanee pham sthanikikaran.
ectodermin emm. aar. aine. aii. heey prasutipoorv garbhatil andyachya pranyanchya khambamadhye jamaa kele jaate. garbhachya blastulachya suruvatichya tappyat, ectodermin marnah aanee prathine eka pravanata tayar karatat jee pranyanchya khambapasoon (sarvadhik sandrata) khalchya bajus (sarvat qamee sandrata) jaate, jenekarun tii. jee. eff. bii. aii. aanee nodal signal jeey vanaspati dhruvatoon udbhavananya mesodermla prerit karatat teey rokhata yetat. ectodermin emm. aar. aine. aii. garbhachya prushthbhagachya bajula samruddha hote aanee yaa tappyachya shevati abhivyakti haloohaloo nahishi hote. smad4 heey kendrakamadhye ectodermindware sarvatra pasarlele asate aanee teey peshidravamadhye niryat kele jaate jethe teey kutumbadware nirjantukikaran kele jaau shakate; asha prakare smad4 chey punarvapar kele jaau shakate aanee teey punha karyasheel kele jaau shakate. jaree zenopasmadhye suruvatichya garbhanmadhye kutumbache konatehi abhivyakti swaroop nasale taree zebra mashanmadhye kutumbache samarupata done peshinchya tappyavar sarvatra vyakt kelee jaate parantu jasjasa vikas pudhe jaato tasatase teey fakt cephalic madhyavarti majjasansthemadhye vyakt hote.
ectodermin aanee pham karye.
ectodermin haah eka ubiquitin eae3 ligaj aahe joou lycine 519 chya sarvavyapitedvare smad4chyyaa pratibandhadvare tii. jee. eff. bii. aii. aanee bii. emm. pii. sanket marganna pratibandhit karato aanee jaree phospho-smad2 laa thet bandhale jaat asale taree. kirkol kshetrat ecto emm. aar. aine. aii. chey injection prarambhik ectodermal marker, ess. oo. ex. 2 chaa vistar aanee mesodermal marker (ex. bii. aii., eoms, vent-1, micks-1 aanee mixers) qamee karnyas karanibhoot tharate. morpholino ranniti vaparoon ectoderminechya nockdown prayoganmadhye yachya ulat ghadate; bhrun activin pratisadasathi adhik sanvedanshil hotat, teey mesodermal vishisht janukanchya abhivyaktichi vaadh aanee vistar darshavtat aanee neural plate aanee epidermis marker (anukrame ess. oo. ex. 2 aanee cytocaratin) chya abhivyaktiche qamee-niyaman karatat. ectoderminechya ring-fingerver avalambun asalelya ubiquitin-legace kriyakalapanchya anushangane, ecto ring-finger utparivartak (see97aii/see100aii) karya-labhat nishkriy asato. kutumbache karya vadhalyane bii. emm. pii. aanee tii. jee. eff. bii. aii. pasoon pratisad vadhatat aanee tii. jee. eff. bii. aii. pratisadala pratibandh karananya tyachya kriyakalapanmule gambhir avasheshanmadhye utparivartanadvare tyache karya qamee hote.
itar prajatinmadhye ectodermin aanee kutumbache sanwardhan.
smad4 chey nakaratmak niyamak mhanoon kaam karnyasathi manvi ectodermine aanvik karya asey soochit karate qee heey vishisht karya prushthavanshiy vanshamadhye sanrakshit aahe. zenopus", zebrafish, under aanee manvi samarupanchi tulana kartana pham samarupanmadhil anukramank olakh 90 takkyanhun adhik asate, asey suchavate qee heey itar jivanmadhye dekhil sanrakshit kele jaau shakate. kharey tarr, undaranchya garbhanmadhil nockout januk nishkriyatemule asey disun aale qee tii. jee. eff.-beeta signalingache avarodhak mhanoon ectodermine karya sanrakshit aahe. ectoderminecha abhav asalelya bhrunanmadhye purvavarti visaral endoderm (aev) sadosh vikas disun yeto, jee undaranchya garbhatil tii. jee. eff.-beeta sanketandware prerit honari pahili ootee aahe; avarodhak gamavalyabaddal, ectodermin-/-bhrunanmadhye vadhalela aev induction disun aala. kabutar haah stravalelya tii. jee. eff.-beeta virodhicha naisargik srot asalyane, yaa prathamik kabutar vistaramule nantarchya tappyat, bahya koshikeey tii. jee. eff.-beeta legandscha pratibandh hoto, parinami bhrunat mesoderm vikasacha abhav hoto. yaa pratimanala yaa nishkarshadvare pushti midali qee garbhatil mukhya tii. jee. eff.-beeta legand, nodalcha anuvanshik doses qamee karoon ectodermin/- bhrunanna jangali prakarat (samanya kabutar, samanya mesoderm vikas) vachavanyat aale. tii. jee. eff.-beeta avarodhak mhanoon bhoomika pudhe samarthan, epiblastmadhun ectodermine ootee-nivadak vilopan (jyatoon mesoderm, parantu avh nahee, vyutpann hote) heey avhalache sparsh naan karata sodale parantu yaveli agravarti mesodermal fetscha vistar jhaala, jeey tii. jee. eff.-beeta sanketanna vadhiv pratisad darshavate. ektritpane, yaa mahiteene aanuvanshik sadhanansah, zinopus bhrun aanee manvi peshi reshanmadhye purvi olakhalya gelelya smad 4 pratisadancha avarodhak mhanoon ectoderminsathi peshi-swayatt bhoomikechi pushti kelee.
foxy1eae.
foxy1eaechee jaivik bhoomika.
zenopus" madhye vikasachya suruvatichya kalat, pratilekhan ghatak foxy1eae/zema epidermal bhinnata sakriy karato aanee pranyanchya topanyanmadhye (suurii aanee itar) endoderm aanee mesoderm vishisht januke dadapato.2005). ectoderm bahya tvacha aanee madhyavarti majjasansthemadhye vegale honyapurvi foxy1eae sakriy asalyache suchavale jaate.
foxy1eaechee olakh.
miir aanee itar.2005 madhye, suruvatichya blastula garbhachya vanaspati kshetrachya tulanet ectodermmadhil mesoderm-prerak sanketankhali qamee-niyantrit januke nivadoon foxy1eae (zema) olakhale gele. tasech, vanya prakarchya tulanet shakahari nasalelya bhrunatil pranyanchya topyanmadhye yaa janukachi uchch abhivyakti disun aalee.
peshimadhye sthanikikaran.
foxy1eae emm. aar. aine. aii. heey zygotically (tappa 8.8) vyakt kele jaate aanee jathartravanachya suruvatichya kalat abhivyaktichya uchch pataliparyant pohochate aanee majjatantu, telbadmadhye prarambhik tadpole tappyanparyant tee patali rakhate. foxy1eaemadhye eka vichitra mosack abhivyakti namuna aahe, too pratham prushthiy ectodermmadhye vyakt keela jaato aanee gastrula pudhe jaat asatana, abhivyakti nilay bajoone jaate aanee jevha majjatantu plate tayar hott asate tevha prushthiy bajula tyachi abhivyakti qamee-niyantrit kelee jaate. foxy1eae heey majjatantuchya tappyatil bii. emm. pii. sanketanvar avalambun asate, jyamule foxy1eaechey sthanikikaran ectodermchya ventral bajus maryadit hote.
prathinanche karya aanee niyaman.
foxy1eae/zema haah foxy1 vargatil kontyachya dokyache pratilekhan ghatak kutumbatil aahe, joou mesoderm nirmiti, dolhyancha vikas aanee ventral hedchya vishishtatemadhye sahbhagi honyasathi olakhala jaato. asey prastavit kele gele aahe qee suruvatichya blastula garbhachya vanaspati/mesoderm pradeshat vyakt kelele notch aanee/kinwa nodal heey foxy1eaechey sambhavya avarodhak asoo shakatat.
nuksan aanee karya laabh.
splies-blocking morpholinodware foxy1eae emm. aar. aine. aii. chya paripakvatela pratibandh kelyane bahya tvacha aanee paar pranalichya vikasat vikrutee disun yete aanee ectoderm vishisht janukanche daun-regulate disun yetat, tarr foxy1eae atee-abhivyakti mesoderm aanee endodermchya nirmitila pratibandhit karate. vanaspati sanrachanemule usheera blastula vastuman tayar hote jeey samanyatah endoderm aanee mesodermla janm detat, jevha foxy1eae emm. aar. aine. aii. neey injection dile jaate, tevha teey ectodermal vishisht marker (panne-ectodermal eae-cadrine, epithelial cytocaratin, neural crest marker slug aanee neural marker soakes-2) vyakt karnyas saksham asatat, tarr endodermal marker (endodermin, exsocks 17aii) abhivyaktimadhye qamee hotat.
xfdl156.
xfdl156 chee jaivik bhoomika.
pii53 prathine suruvatichya mesodermal janukanchya pravartkanshi jodali jaatat. pii53 hii prasutidvare jamaa keleli pratilekh aahe jee smad2 saha pratilekhan ghatak sankul tayar karate aanee mesoderm preran aanee tii. jee. eff. bii. aii. lakshya janukanchya sakriyatemadhye samavisht asalelya janukanchi abhivyakti chalavate. zink (zdn)-botanche anoo prathin xfdl159, jeey pranyanchya topalit vyakt kele jaate, teey ectoderm ghatak mhanoon karya karatat, teey pii53 laa mesoderm vibhedanasathi januke sakriy karnyapasoon rokhoon ectoderm nirdisht karatat.
xfdl156 chee olakh.
pranyanchya topyanpasoon 11.5 chya tappyavar see. dii. aine. aii. granthalay bandhane, abhivyakti vahkamadhye pratirupan karane aanee emm. aar. aine. aii. tayar karane. tyanantar krutrim aar. aine. aii. bhrunat injection denyat aale aanee yaa gola kelelya bhrunanchya pranyanchya topya midavalya gelya aanee sakriy upcharansathi sadar karnyat aalya. mesodermal marker ex. bii. aii. dabnara pratirup nivadoon ex. bii. aii. punarprapt karnyat aala.
xfdl156 chey sthanikikaran.
xfdl156 haah p53 shhee parasparsanvad sadhanara ghatak asalyane, yaa prathinanche sthanikikaran kendrakat (sasai aanee itar) aahe.2008). ex. eff. dii. ell. 156 chaa emm. aar. aine. aii. prasutipoorv jamaa keela jaato aanee nantar zygotic paddhatine vyakt keela jaato. januk abhivyakti kalkram prarambhik jatharatrayachya velee abhivyaktichi uchch patali darshavito aanee jatharatrachya madhyabhagi abhivyaktimadhye ardha ghat aanee 20 vya tappyaparyant abhivyakti mandavate.
xfdl156 chey prathin karya.
ex. eff. dii. aar. zink boat see-terminal domenvar asalelya pii53chya niyamak pradeshashi bandhale jaate aanee tyachya abhivyaktivar activin, foxy1eae kinwa xlpu91 pratilekhan ghatakanchya upasthiticha parinam hott nahee.
xfdl156 madhye nuksan aanee karya laabh.
morpholinomule karyat ghat jhalyamule, ectoadermal pradeshat chukiche mesodermal farak hoto; heey mesodermal marker (exbra, vegit aanee mix.2) chya nirbandanamule hote. karye vadhalyane mesodermal markerchya abhivyaktimadhye ghat hote.
itar prajatinmadhye ex. eff. dii. ell. samarupanche sanwardhan.
ex. eff. dii. aar. 156 chey manvi aanee under samarupi heey pii. 53 saha parasparsanvad sadhanyachya ex. eff. dii. aar. karyala purak bananyas aanee pratilekhan ghatak mhanoon karya karnyas pratibandhit karnyas saksham aahet.