
kamal halbe

max halbe (4 aktoobar 1865-30 november 1944) heey german natakkar aanee nisargvadache mukhya pratipadak hote.
charitra.
halbecha janm danzig (gdansk) jawalil gutlandchya (kozlini) havelimadhye jhaala, jithe too motha jhaala. too done shatakanpurvi westfeliahoon sthalantarit jhalelya shetkari kutumbacha sadasya hota. tyane marrienberg yetheel vyayamshalet (madhyamik shaala) shikshan ghetale. 1883 madhye tyanni headleberg vidyapithat kayadyacha abhyas suru keela. tyanni berlin vidyapithat itihas aanee german bhashashastracha abhyas keela. 1888 madhye tyanni munich vidyapithat doctorate midavali.
tyanantar too berlinla gela. berlin aanee munich yaa donhi thikani, halbe german sahityatil naveen naisargik chalvalitil netyanshi parichit jhaale aanee 1889 madhye mukt munch () chalvalishi sambandhit jhaale. johannis schlaff aanee arno holt yanchya sahkaryane aanee tyanchya kamanmule tyanchyavar jordar prabhav padala. 1890 chya vasant rutumadhye, tyanni 'free love' () heey natak lihile, jyala nantar 'ain verhaltnis' (1895) asey naav denyat aale. tyach varshi tyane lagn kele. halbe purnapane free beauhnshey aanee satatyapurn nisargvadashi sahmat navhata (jerhart hoptman pahaa), kaaran nantarche tyachya swatachya pravruttinpasun barech vichalit jhaale.
1892 madhye tyanni 'isgang' prakashit kele aanee nantar 1893 madhye tyanche prathamik karya 'jujend' (yuva) prakashit kele, jeey hoptmanchya 'dye webber' nantar germanytil sarvat yashasvi samkalin rangmanch natak hote. 1892 madhye free volksbunevar jaree 'jugend' laa sadarikaran midale asale taree 'isgang' aanee 'jugend' sadar karane tyachyasathi katheen hote. 'jugend' mandane visheshtah katheen hoteh berlinmadhil prasiddha natya vyavasthapakanni (laal 'eronge, barney, bluementhal) teey nakarle, parantu lottenbergne teey sweekarle aanee 1893 madhye mothya yashasah sadar kele. jyachya laingik sambandhanvar parinam naan jhalelya aanee sahanubhootipurn vagnukine prachalit burjuva naitiktela konatihi savalat dilee nahee, tyaa natkane samajvadi tikakaranchi utsahi prashansa jinkley. sanskrativaril germanychya soshal democratic partyche pramukh pravakte franz mehring yanni "jugend" chey manapasoon swagat kele aanee gerhardt hoptmans halbecha ullekh "pratibhavan bhoomichya rajkumaranpaiki eka" assa keela."1917 madhye ignatz vaghaltarne rachalelya" "jugend" "chya aperatic aavrutticha berlinmadhye doyche oppernhos (aata doyche opper mhanoon olakhale jaanare) yethe pratham pradarshan karnyat aale aanee tyachi khoop prashansa jhaali".
halbeche pudhche natak, 'daad tourist inn america' () yaa vinodi chitrapatane murkhpanachi chhap padali aanee tyachi pratishtha zapatyane qamee jhaali. tyachya suruvatichya kamache vachan purn karnyat too apayashi tharalyabaddal tikakarankadun satat shoke vyakt keela jaat asey. halbene 1894 madhye constance talavavaril krezlingenchya grameen vatavaranat jaanyache tharavale.
1895 madhye halbe punha munichla gele, jithe joseph ruderrasobat tyanni natya prayogansathi () jivhalyachya natakachi sthapana kelee, jyamadhye lekhak aanee kavee manchavar disale aanee teey munich lokpriy natakache () saha-sansthapak hote. munich artiste societycha sadasya mhanoon, tyachya vartulat oto erich hartlebane, phrank wedekind, hans vonn gumpenberg, ludwig thoma aanee edward vonn keyserling yancha samavesh hota.
tyane punha lihayala suruvat kelee. lebenswende" aanee "mutter erd" hii natake (nantarche 'jugend' heey tyache sarvat prasiddha kaam mhanoon ubhe aahe; ingerjit anuvadit, "mudder arth", "german abhijat" khandat disu lagali. exxx, newyork, 1914) aanee' frau messec 'hii kadambari yach kalatil aahet.
janewari 1933 madhye jevha rashtriy samajvadi satta tabyat gheuun aale, tevha gerhart hoptmanpramanech halbe yanni tyanchya virodhat ughadpane bhashya kele nahee aanee rajkaranapasun door rahile. parantu 22 aktoobar 1933 roji tyane edolph hitlerchya nishthechya nivedanavar swakshari kelee. germanyt rahilelya kahee mahattvachya lekhakanpaiki eka mhanoon, nazinni tyacha vapar jahiratinsathi keela, jyamule yuddhanantar tyachi pratishtha kharab jhaali aanee tyachya kamacha mothya pramanat nishedh jhaala.
1933 aanee 1935 madhye tyanche charitra 'schole und shixel' aanee 'jahurhanderatwende' prakashit jhaale. halbe yanche vayachya 79 vya varshi newoting, bavariya yetheel tyanchya havelimadhye nidhan jhaale.