
james drummond (austreliyan rajkarani)

james drummond (1814-8 februwari 1873) heey paschim austreliyatil suruvatiche vasahatkar aanee 1870 teey 1873 paryant paschim austreliyan vidhan parishadeche sadasya hote.
1814 madhye janmalele james drummond heey bahudha cork, ireland yethe, vanaspatishastradnya james drummond yanche putra hote. tyachya suruvatichya aayushyabaddal kahihi mahitee nahee, parantu 1829 madhye heey kutumb aata paschim austreliyatil huns nadichya vasahatit sthalantarit jhaale, 1 juuna roji teey 'parmeliya' varr pohochale. james drummondne tyachya suruvatichya aayushyatil bahutansh kaal, kutumbachya jaminichya anudanat, pratham huns nadivar aanee 1836 nantar, tyanchya 'hauthornden' anudanat, aaj shetee karnyas madat kelee.
aajchyala sthalantarit jhalyanantar lagechach, drummondne kautumbik anudanachya shejaril jaminicha eka bhag midvila, joou swatachya adhikarane jaminicha malak banala. tyanantar tyane tyaa thikani aaj jilhyachi pahili peeth girani bandhali. 1841 aanee 1842 madhye, tyane capton johnn skalisobat anek shodh mohimanvar pravas keela.
1840 chya dashakachya suruvatila, drummondche vadil aanee bhau johnston vanaspatishastriy sankalanat adhikadhik guntalele hote aanee tyacha bhau johnn yala york yethe sthanik polis nirikshak mhanoon niyukt karnyat aale. parinami, 1844 paryant keval james drummonduch tyachya vyavasthapanasathi jababdar hoiparyant, james drummond kautumbik shetasathi adhikadhik jababdar banale. tyaa varshi vasahatit tivra mandee aalee aanee drummond swatahla mothya karjat budalela disala. tyane anek varshe mothya aarthik tanavakhali 'hauthornden' kaam karane suru thewale, parantu 1850 paryant dandargan yetheel mendhyanche kendra haatee ghenyasathi pureshi punarprapti jhaali. tyaa varshi locker burges, johnn sidney david aanee thomas braun yanchyasah pashupalakanchya eka mothya gatamadhye too sameel jhaala aanee tyancha satha champian beey yethe navyane sapadalelya charaichya jaminivar nenyat sahbhagi jhaala. tithe pohochalyanantar, dholvadune eka motha bhoobhag tabyat ghetala jyavar tyane "okabela" sthanak sthapan kele.
1850 chya dashakachya suruvatila, aaj sthalantarit depochya sthapanenantar, drummondney anek vivahit purushanna madat karnyasathi pudhakar ghetala, jyanna niyokta midvane katheen vatale. zopadichi tartud aanee safsafai aanee lagvadisathi jaminichya ekarane, purush swayampurn houu shakale aanee akheris tyanchi swatachi jameen kharedi karoo shakale. darmyan, dholdhadila tyanchya shramacha laabh aanee tyachya giranisathi dhanyacha srot midala. yamule tyanna sarkarchya aayuktalayatil aapale karar purn karata aale. tyane tikitdharkanna dekhil hii madat deu kelee aanee 1855 paryant drummondne tyachya jaminivar aath kutumbe sthayik kelee. kahee jamindar sanshayi hote aanee tyanni ashach prakarchi madat denyas nakar deela, tarr itaranni tyache fayade pahile aanee tyanche anukaran kele.
26 februwari 1857 roji drummondne george malacoff sevelchi mavashi martha aine sevelashi vivah keela. tyanna teen mule aanee paach mulee hotya. drummondchya vadilanche 1863 madhye nidhan jhaale aanee drummondney tyachya vadilanche aushadhi vanaspatigruh ferdinand wonn mueller yanna daan kele.
1840 chya dashakachya madhyapasoon james drummond heey aaj jilhyatil sarvajanik kamanmadhye adhikadhik guntalele jhaale. 1840 chya dashakat teey tude roads trustche sadasya hote aanee tude education kamitimadhyehi sahbhagi hote. 1853chya uttaradhat tyanchi shantatecha nyaymurti mhanoon niyukti karnyat aalee aanee 1857madhye teey aajchyachya raste samitivar nivadoon aale. 1861 paryant teey tude krishi societyche adhyaksh hote. 1870 madhye paschim austreliyala jababdar sarkar midale toparyant, drummondla tude jilhyache nete aanee pravakte mhanoon mothya pramanat manyata denyat aalee hotee. 31 aktoobar 1870 roji teey vidhanparishadetil aajchya jagevar prachand bahumatane nivadoon aale. pahilya sansadene sthapan kelelya daha sansadiy samityanpaiki saat samityanche teey sadasya hote aanee kendriya shikshan mandalavarhi tyanchi nivad jhaali hotee. 1871 madhye jevha sthanik sarkarchi pranali suru karnyat aalee, tevha drummond victoriya maidani parishadesathi nivadle gele aanee pudhchya varshi teey tude road boardache sadasya jhaale.
evon pradesh scottish parshvabhoomichya suruvatichya vasahatinchya sankhyesathi ullekhaneey hota. 1860 chya dashkaparyant tyanna vatale qee, aata tyanchi swatachi presbyterian church sthapan karanyachi vel aalee aahe aanee tude presbyterian samitee sthapan karnyat aalee. drummond hii eka prerak shakti hotee aanee aktoobar 1868 madhye tyane vasahatvadi sachiwala jaminichya charchchya anudanasathi patra lihile, jaree heey ayashasvi tharale. church bandhanyasathi dengyansathi sadasyatvachi yadee vitarit karnyat aalee. aadaraniy james emm. purvi vasahatit swatantra mantri mhanoon kaam karananya ines yanna yeuun seva denyasathi aamantrit karnyat aale hote. 19 janewari 1869 roji ines yanchi adhikrutpane tude jilhyache presbyterian mantri mhanoon nondani karnyat aalee, jyamule paschim austreliyatil pahile presbyterian mantralay sthapan jhaale.
februwari 1873 chya suruvatila, drummond tyachya gharala aanee gharala dhoka asalelya zudupachya aagishi ladhanyas madat karoon thakalela gharee paratala, tyane thund snan kele aanee tyala pneumonia jhaala. sumare eka aathvadyanantar 8 februwari 1873 roji tyanche nidhan jhaale aanee tyanche aaee-vadil, bhau aanee tyanchya eka mulasobat 'hauthornden' yethe tyanna daphan karnyat aale.