
kolumela (gastropod)

kolumela (mhanje "lahan stambh") kinwa (junya granthanmadhye) stambh heey gundallelya gogalgayanchya kavach, mhanje gastropod kavach yanche madhyavarti sharirik vaishishtya aahe. jevha kavach tutate, ardhya ubhya bhagant kapale jaate kinwa ksh-kiran pratima mhanoon pahile jaate tevhach columela sahasa rachana mhanoon spashtapane disato.
columela kavchanchya shirshapasun kavchanchya prushthbhagachya madhyabinduparyant kinwa jyaa kavchanmadhye cyphonal kalwa aahe tyaa kavchatil cyphonal kalvyachya tokaparyant jaato. jarr gogalgayanchya kavchala madhya akshavar gundallelya kavachyukt samagricha shanku mhanoon pahile gele, tarr columela qamee-adhik pramanat kavchatil madhya akshasah sthanikaritya julato. nabhi asalelya kavchanchya babatit, kolumela hii pokal rachana asate.
gastropod shelchya kahee gatanchya kolumelamadhye anek pattya kinwa putt (columeller fold, plates kinwa plica) asoo shakatat, jeey samanyatah aateel othakade shelchya chhidrat pahatana disatat. yaa patya rund kinwa arund, pramukh kinwa sookshm asoo shakatat. kolumelachi hii vaishishtye bahutekda gastropodche kutumb, vansh kinwa prajati olakhanyasathi upayukt asatat.
kolyumelachya prushthbhagala collumeller bhint mhanatat. kolumellar callus heey eka gulgulit, chunkhadiyukt ghatt hone aahe, jeey aavarnadvare stravale jaate, jeey kolumellar kshetravar pasarate. kolumellacha drishyaman bhag asalela kolumellar oth haah aateel othancha khalcha bhag asato aanee too gundalichya akshajaval sthit asato. kolumellar daat haah chhidranchya dishene kolumellachya aateel othavar eka unch prakshepan aahe.
columeller snayu.
gastropodchya sharirache mauu bhag collumeller snayundware kavchamadhye sthanbaddh kele jaatat. heey snayu keval kavachchya shirshasthanich navhe tarr koshkoshasah purn vartulachya lambivar lamb aanee arund jodanidware dekhil stambhakoshalach ghatt jodalele asatat. 
stambhakar snayu aavaranakhalin jaato, sharirachi bhint mothya pramanat ghatt karato, payatoon aanee tyachya dusya tokala operculumchya aateel chehnyashi (asalyas) jodalela asato.
jevha pranyala sukanyapasun aanee shikari pranyanpasun sanrakshanasathi paay, doke aanee itar mauu bhag kavachat mage ghenyachi aavashyakta asate tevha stambhpeshiy snayu sankuchit hotat. yaa aakunchanandarmyan operculum aanee kavach andaje mojale jaate aanee prani nantarchya aat mage ghetala jaato. kavachatoon mauu shareer baher kadhanyasathi stambhpeshiy snayuncha samaan vapar keela jaato. baher kadhatana aanee mage ghetana snayu valatat, lahan hotat kinwa vadhatat.
ranee shankh ("elayagar giga") sarkhya khoop mothya jatharpittunmadhye ekada chakoone stambhakar snayu kapale qee pranyache mauu bhag sahajpane kavachatoon baher padatat. caribean samudratil shankh machchimar kavchatil shikharatil eka lahan chhidra todatat, stambhapeshi snayu kapatat aanee yaa prajatiche jiwant maans kapatat. anekada machchimar rikame kavach punha samudrat fektat.