
18 inch emm. keey. aay. nevel gunn

18 inch emm. keey. aay. asaleli bla nevel gunn hii pahilya mahayuddhadarmyan shahee naudalane vaparleli breach-loading nevel raifal hotee. britishanni vaparleli hii sarvat mothee aanee sarvat judd bandook hotee. keval dusya mahayuddhatil japani 46 semee/45 prakar 94 madhye mothee kshamata hotee aanee tyane eka halake kavach sodale. hii bandook hii 15 inch emm. keey. aay. nevel ganchi eka aakarman-vadhaleli aavrutti hotee aanee 'mothya halakya cruiser' laa (battlecruzercha eka prakar) susajj karnyasathi vikasit kelee gelee hotee. tyachya nalichi lambi fakt 40 calibers hotee, jyamule tyacha thooka veg kinchit maryadit jhaala.
keval teen banduka bandhalya gelya, parantu tyanna tichyakadun kadhoon taknyapurvi aanee 1960 chya dashakat aanee kinarpattivaril bombfekichya kartvyansathi hastantarit karnyapurvi tyanni 'ugra' ladhai pahili nahee. yuddh sampanyapurvi ladhau mohimanmadhye keval 85 feiiah taknyat aalya hotya. yaa tighannahi 1920 madhye sevetoon kadhoon taknyat aale aanee tyanni cordite chachanyansathi banduka siddha karnyasathi kaam kele. 1933 madhye done radd karnyat aale aanee shevatcha 1947 madhye radd hoiparyant tikala.
rachana aanee vikas.
18 inchachya bandukichi utpatti naudalacha pahila swami, edmiral fisherchya aagrahavar jhaali hotee, jee shakya titkya jalad jahajavar basavaleli sarvat mothee banduk hotee. tyala chaar banduka asalelya 'mothya halakya jahajanchi' kalpana aalee, jee 'daad' jhaali, parantu tyanchya savatra bahineene 'ugra' houn aanakhi mothee bandook balgali pahije ashee tyachi ichcha hotee. elswick ordnance company hii itaki mothee bandook tayar karnyas saksham asaleli ekmev company hotee aanee 1915 madhye tine rachana karya suru kele. tyacha vastavik aakar lapavanyasathi tyala '15 inch bii' mhanoon niyukt karnyat aale aanee tee aadhich sevet asalelya 15 inch emm. keey. aay. chya rachanevarun tayar karnyat aalee.
bandukiche aanee tichya breach yantraneche ekoon vajan 15 inchachya bandukichya jawaljawal ardhe hote. 15-inch bii mhanoon dekhil olakhalya jaananya, 15-inch chinh asalelya aay/aine buruj yaa julya bandukipasoon tayar kelelya, eka-bandukichya burujamadhye too basavala gela hota. 18 inchachya bandukichya vikasat samasya udbhavalyas, 'furious' chya barbetschee rachana buruj samavoon ghenyasathi kelee gelee hotee. bandook-3° paryant khalee jaau shakate aanee kamal 30° paryant varr jaau shakate. bandukisathi darugola vikasit karane naisargikaritya 'furious' sathee jahajvirodhi shelsvar kendrit hote aanee tyane 4 kotee kra. mea. chya kavach-bhedak, capped (aii. pii. see.) shale, 4 kotee kra. mea. chya antaravar, thoothan vegane udavale. too prati minit eka pherii maroo shakato. burujache firnare vastuman tyachya purvavartichya tulanet keval 2 takke jaast hote.
banduka 'ugra' halakya pattyasathi khoop shaktishali asalyache siddha jhaale aanee 1917 chya kalat, chachaninantar jahaj golibaracha taana hatalu shakat nasalyache disun aalyanantar tyaa itar vaparasathi upalabdh jhalya. dover gastache commander edmiral surr reginald bekan yanni westendemadhil palace hotelchya kavchamadhye done banduka basavanyachi yojana aakhali, jithun teey zibrag aanee brajes yetheel naudal suvidhanvar bombfake karoo shaktil, jarr hottel aagami paschendelechya ladhaidarmyan tabyat ghetale gele asel tarr. tyane moneterchya torpedochya fugyanna dhadakana banduka ingraji vahinivar nenyachi yojana aakhali. tyanna asehi vatale qee teey moneterchya decover vaparale jaau shakatat aanee asha prakare duheri hetuchya gadichi rachana bandukansathi kelee gelee hotee, jee tarangatya aanee kinanyavar donhi thikani vaparali jaau shakate. donhi bhoomikansathi keval maryadit pramanat pravas aavashyak hota, parantu kamal shrenisathi unchi 45° paryant vadhavavi lagali. yaa sankalpanela 23 september 1917 roji manyata denyat aalee aanee elaswikala paach mahinyant vitaranasathi naveen 'bii. see. dii.' mountchi rachana karnyache aadesh denyat aale.
jaminichya vaparachya mool sankalpanet eka vishesh unch sarkanyacha samavesh hota joou 6° varoon donhi bajunni jaau shakato. darugola hatalani, unchi aanee ramming heey hydraulic pampadvare karayache hote, parantu breach hatane kele jaat hote. hii bandook turfaney jhakalelya konkreetchya ghumatamadhye basavali jaanar hotee, jyat barrelsathi gunport hota. bandook aanee tyachya aarohanachi rachana german tofkhanyachya shrenitun ektrit karnyasathi shakya titaki kelee gelee hotee aanee nantar vishesh-rachana kelelya chakanvar vishesh broad-gej railwaver tyaa thikani halavanyat aalee. vahtook karnyayogya bhagache vajan hote.
british sainya westend tabyat ghenyat ayashasvi jhalyanantar, monetervar vaparnyasathi aarohanachi anukulata karnyat aalee. too atishay sopa hota, jyat done mothya gathee pratyek tokala bandukine aanee tyanchya darmyanchya vahanasah jodalelya hotya. mount tyachya sthir, 1⁄2 inch (12.7 miimii) bandukichya kavchamadhye fakt 10° paar karoo shakat hota aanee moneterchya starboardchya bajula lakshya kele gele hote. too 10°chya nishchit konat bharit keela gela hota, parantu gaadee aanee jahajavaril taana samaan karnyasathi too keval 22° aanee 45° darmyan golibar karoo shakat hota. karmchanyanche kamache oze qamee karnyasathi tyat hydraulically powered crain, loading tray, rammer aanee breach yantrana puravanyat aalee hotee, parantu darugola dalanna snayu shakticha vapar karava lagla. khobre dekchya khalee thewale gele hote aanee varr uchalanyasathi aanee loaded karnyasathi bandukichya mageel dekmadhil hatchmadhye overhead relane halvave lagale. cordite pranodak shulke vaphene garam kelelya athara sathavan takyanmadhye thewali gelee hotee, jee fanelchya mage asalelya forecastal decover basavali gelee hotee aanee eka velee eka sahava done charge asalelya railwar basavalelya bogeet bandukikade halavali gelee, jyamule aagicha darr qamee houn darr teen teey chaar minitanni sumare eka pherii jhaala. bandook hatalanyasathi monetermadhye mothya pramanat badal karave lagale. bandukichya khalee tyachya vajanas aadhar denyasathi anek atirikt sanrachanatmak aadhar jodave lagale; atirikt karmchari thevanyasathi bajunna aachchadan dyave lagale aanee 18 inchachya kavchasathi aanee bhaar vyavasthesathi aateel bhagachi punarrachana karavi lagali.
seva.
ekoon teen banduka armstrong whiteworthne tayar kelya hotya, done 'furious' sathee aanee eka atirikt. march 1917 madhye, tee purn honyapurvi, jevha teela seaplane vahakat rupantarit karnyache aadesh denyat aale, tevha pudhe asaleli bandook 'furious' madhoon kadhoon taknyat aalee. dusari bandook nantar 1917 madhye kadhoon taknyat aalee aanee tiche vimanvahu jahajat rupantar karnyat aale. naveen 'bii. see. dii.' aarohanancha vilamb jhaala aanee 20 juuna 1918 paryant 'mount phaur' vitarit karnyat aale nahee. 'furious' aii 'burujatoon bandook 9 julai roji uchalanyat aalee, parantu' general wolf '7 augustparyant golibar chachanya suru karnyas tayar navhata. jahajavar bandukichya prachand aarohanachi rachana varchasva gajavat asalyane teela 'hatti aanee killa' asey topananav denyat aale.
naveen aarohanachi rachana kelee jaat asatana, shakya titkya vyapti vadhavanyasathi darugola tayar karnyasathi aanakhi prayatna karnyat aale. supercharjcha vapar, jyamadhye sahaa paiki eka chargeche vajan vadhavun ekoon pranodak banavale gele aanee unchi 45° paryant vadhavun sadhyachya 4 crash shales shreni vadhavali gelee. lamb, patal ballistic topisah naveen 8 kotee darachya uchch sphotak shelschee magani karnyat aalee hotee, parantu yuddh sampanyapurvi keval done shales vitarit karnyat aale hote. 500 aii. pii. see. chaa kahee vidyaman satha aanee 'furious' pasoon hatavaril 500 see. pii. see. (samanya, tokdar, aachchhadit) kavachanna naveen topisah sudharit kele gele aanee kadachit yuddhadarmyan vaparlele ekmev kavach hote.
"15 august 1918 roji 'general wolf' laa dover gast ghalanyasathi niyukt karnyat aale hote, parantu 28 septemberparyant konatyahi lakshyanvar golibar keela nahee, jevha german dalanvalan marganna tras denyasathi nirikshakanche mothe dall gola karnyat aale. tee tichya lakshyachya rund bajula dhanushya aanee kadak, aanee bharatichya pravahanna samore jaanyat adachani yet hotya. tine sneskarke (austendchya dakshines) yetheel railway pulavar anek thikani golibar keela aanee sarvat lamb pallyachya bandukitoon sarvat jaast pramanat golibar karoon naudalacha itihas rachala. tyaa divashi tine 52 golya zadalya aanee teela aadhalale qee tichya 18 inchachya bandukichya mage hatalyamule tichya uthal kathasah tee bajula sarkali aanee teela gundalanyas dekhil karanibhoot tharali, jyamule ticha golibar qamee jhaala. yuddh sampanyapurvi tine ekoon 81 feiiah kelya.
dusari bandook, 'furious' spare, aat basavanyat aalee hotee, parantu tee 13 aktoobar 1918 paryant ladhanyasathi tayar navhati. tine dusya divashi teen feiiah zadalya, parantu maitripurna pudhe jaananya sainikanna marane talhanyasathi teela golibar thambavava lagla. bund karnyacha aadesh aala tevha eka pherii aadhich bharali gelee hotee, mhanoon tine qamee shulkasah tee eka khaneet, samudrakade jaanyasathi fekali. donhi bandukanni karvait ekoon 85 18 inchache tofanche daag lavale. general wolf' chya bandukivaril poshakh 161 prabhavi purn charge (eae. eff. see.)-105 feiiah, jyat 57 supercharge hote, teey vaparoon mojale gele. heey soochit karate qee bandukichi kimmat 300 ii. eff. see. peksha jaast hotee, jee cordite emm. dii. vaparoon itar bahutek british shastrastranshi tulana karata yete.
furious' 'vaay' burujatil tisari bandook, jyacha hetu hota, tee varshachya suruvatila swikaranyasathi sudharit karnyat aalee hotee, parantu tee basavanyapurvich yuddh sampale, jaree moneterla portmouthla tee basavanyache aadesh denyat aale hote. december 1920 madhye banduka nirikshakankadun kadhoon taknyat aalya. banduka kra. 1, 'furious' 'vaay' burujapasoon, radd kelelya jee3 battlecruzersasathichya aanee 1960 chya dashakat vaparlya jaananya, bla 16-inch emm. keey. aay. bandukisathi cordite-siddha karananya chachanyanmadhye aanee ranget ubha thevanyat aala hota. 1942 paryant teey vaparat rahile aanee 1947 madhye teey radd karnyat aale. itar done banduka samaan kartvyansathi thamchya nadimukhatil shuburation aanee yantlet artillery renjmadhye vaparlya gelya; 1933 madhye tyaa radd karnyat aalya.
eka donger bachavala aanee yuddhanauketun eka 14 inch emm. keey. VII hii sute bandook basavanyasathi tyacha vapar keela gela. 1940 madhye teey doverjaval thevanyat aale aanee yaa sanyojanala vinni-daad-puhavaroon 'pooh' asey naav denyat aale.