khajgi indhan sathavan

khajgi indhan sathavan ell. ell. see. (pii. eff. ess.) haah laa cross, wisconsin yethe sthit kharch kelelya anoo indhanache vyavasthapan karnyasathi aayojit kelela anuurja udyog sangh hota. too utah yetheel toshootchya kavatichya kavatichya bharatiy aarakshanavaril koradya dabyamadhye jaminichya varr sathavanyachi yojana hotee. 2012 madhye tee mage ghenyat aalee.
prakalpacha itihas.
malki.
urja vibhagane 1982 chya anoo kachara dhoran kayadyat (aine. doubleu. pii. aii.) kharch kelelya anoo indhanachya (ess. aine. eff.) vilhewat lavnyachi jababdari ghetali. bhoogarbhiy sathavan (kayamswarupi) karyakramabarobar tatpurte nirikshan kelele punarprapt karnyayogya sathavan (emm. aar. ess.) karyakram vaparane apekshit hote. akheris, nantarchya ghatakane yukka parvatiy anoo kachara bhandaravar laksh kendrit kele aanee shrimatiche anek vegvegalya thikani moolyankan kele gele. urja vibhagala (dii. oo. eae.) 1998 salapeksha aadhi ess. aine. eff. chey shirshak ghenyas sanganyat aale. 1987 salaparyant dii. oo. eae. neey oka rijjaval, tensijaval federal jaminivar suvidha bandhanyachi yojana aakhali kaaran sarkari anoo sanshodhan prakalpancha arth kushal karmchari aanee payabhoot suvidha aadhich astitvat hotya. oka parvataranganchya thikanala virodh kelyane 1987 madhye aine. doubleu. pii. aii. chya durustimadhye tyavar bandee ghalanyat aalee.
anoo kachara vataghati karnara.
1987 chya yaa durustine united states nuclear west negotiator (onwn) chey karyalay dekhil tayar kele, jeey 1991 madhye david leroy yaa pahilya vataghatidarachi niyukti jhalyanantar 1990 chya dashakachya suruvatila sakriy hote. leroyne sarkarche varnan, 'misses hoost karnyas ichchuk asalele parganyanche aanee jamatinche svayamsevak shodha' asey kele. parganyanna aanee jamatinna anudan aanee arjanchya arjanchya, ichchuk thikane bharatiy aarakshanaparyant qamee karnyat aalee hotee, jyat kharch kelele indhan thevanyasathi aadivasi sarvbhaumatva hote, kaaran parganyanmadhye tyacha virodh karnare "santapt jamav" asalyache leroy yanni varnan kele hote. bharatiyanchya sahbhagachya dirgh aanee anekada vidhvansak itihasamule heey "naitik drushtikonatun visheshtah nindaniy manale jaat hote.ess. anoo karyakram."march 1993 paryant keval chaar jamatinna yaa prakalpat rus hota aanee august 1993 paryant done vataghati suru hotyah nyu mexicomadhye mescalero jamatiche mescalero apache bharatiy aarakshan aanee utahmadhye goshoot jamatiche kavatiche khore bharatiy aarakshan. 1993 chya uttaradhat yaa ropacha nidhi radd karnyat aala aanee 1995 madhye tyachi mudat sampali.
kavatichya kavatichya bandney 1987 chya karyakramadvare tayar kelelya anudanasathi arj keela aanee 1990 paryant. anudananchya pahilya fereene, andaje $100,000, band karyakari samitichya sacramento, californiacha rancho seko anuurja prakalp, washington rajyachi hanford site, florida power andd light nuclear facilities aanee virginiachya suree anuurja prakalpachya pravasasathi nidhi deela. anudananchya aanee tappyat, andaje $200,000, samiteene japanchya fujen anuurja prakalp aanee tokai punarprakriya suvidha, francechya laa hegg punarprakriya suvidha, yookechya selfield power/punarprakriya/sathavan suvidha aanee sweedenchya clab storage suvidhela pathvile.
khajgi indhan sathavan, ell. ell. see. nirmiti.
bund padlyanantar, messelero utility indhan sathavan upkram mhanoon olakhalya olakhalya nyu meksikomadhil messelero jaminivar sathavan karnyasathi axel energychya netrutvakhalil (northern states power companychya jiim howard aanee "sthanik patalivar drishyaman aanee aavaj denare" abhiyanta, scott northard yanchya madhyamatoon) khasgi mahasangh, khajgi indhan sathavan, llc yanni prayatna haatee ghetale. yala jamatitalya anekanni tasech nyu meksikoche synet sadasya jeff bingman aanee piit wii. yanni vadgrast aanee virodh keela. domain. mescalero jamatine 1995 madhye 25 kotee dollarschya kararachya virodhat matdan kele, tyanantar aanee sarvamatat aanee jabardasti aanee bahereel sahbhagache aarop kele, jaree matdan pii. eff. ess. chya bajoone sampale asey manale jaat asale, taree tomm udal (tatkalin nyu mexico atterney general) yanni virodhakanna nokri gamavalyache, jamatichya sadasyachya ghode aanee kutryanna thaar maranyachi dhamki deuun aanee mulanvar hallah karoon, "mallah asey vatate qee aadivasi netrutvakade haah parinam midvanyasathi majboot-sashastr sadasya aahet" asey mhatale. yaa kararamadhye alpasankhyak aadivasi sadasya hote (jamatitil 4, pii. eff. ess. madheel 5) aanee ess. aine. eff. padvi jamatila hastantarit karanyachi shakyata hotee. 1996 madhye yaa jamatine vataghati todalya.
goshoot jamatishi vataghati suru hotya aanee tyaa prathamik jhalya. excell/northernne dawa keela qee 33 kampanya sahbhagi hotya, parantu 1995 paryant keval 10 kampanya hotya aanee 1996 madhye jevha khajgi indhan sathavan aayojit karnyat aalee tevha hii sankhya aathparyant qamee jhaali, jyat excell/northern, sadarn nuclear, genoa fueltech, sadarn california edison, enterji (kondware), american electric power (indiana-mishigan powerdware), florida power aanee light aanee first energy yancha samavesh hota. nagarikanchya aakshepanantar 1997 madhye boston edisonne maghar ghetali aanee eleanoy powerne 2000 madhye aapala vaataa florida powerla vikala. wisconsin electric andd paisiphik gass andd electric company (pii. jee. andd eae.) neey dekhil maghar ghetali. samanya sarvajanik suvidha axel urjemadhye villin jhalya hotya.
khajgi indhan sathavan prakalpane kharch kelele andaje indhan goshoot jaminivaril 4000 holtech aantarrashtriy koradya dabyamadhye sathavale asate. andaje $3 abj kimatichya prakalpatil 100 hoon adhik veej prakalpanmadhun indhan aale asate aanee tantrikdrushtya teey tatpurte sathavan hote.
kahee goshoots aarthik vadhisathi prakalpachya bajoone hote, jyat prakalpatil jamatiche pratinidhitva karnare eka bigger-bharatiy vakeel danny quintana yancha samavesh hota, jyanni 1995 madhye jamatiche varnan "vyavsayik saudyanchya babatit atishay chatur" asey kele. jamatitil itaranni aanee senators aurin hatch aanee bobb bennet sarkhya anek bahereel gatanni aanee sabhagruhache pratinidhi robb bishop, criss cannon, james wii. hanson, jiim matheson, utah governor mike levit (jyanni yaa prastavala 'majhya mrutdehavar' asey prasiddhapane mhatale hote) aanee johnn emm. huntsman junier., aanee sault lake cityche mahapour rock anderson. haah sangharsh aanee chinta 1998 madhye newyork timeschya pahilya panavar pohochalya.
bharatiy bhoomivaril khajgi vyavharansathihi, kimmat-aanee-vaiyaktik anoo udyog nuksan bharpai kayadyantargat kayadeshir sanrakshn 1999 chya ell paso naisargik vayoo companyshi julavun ghenyat aale. vhee. neztsosi, jyane price-andersonche "federal forumsathi achook pradhanya" nondavale. tarihi, kimmat-andersonkade prakalpasathi anek anuttarit prashna aanee dhusar kshetre hotee.
sinh bhaloo aanee aadivasi vaad.
leone dii. pii. eff. ess. neey goshootche adhyaksh mhanoon olakhalya gelelya bhaloo () neey, aadhich astitvat asalelya aaspaschya vishari sthalanna pahata yogya asalyache varnan karoon, prakalpasathi jore deela hota. goshoot karyakari samitee sadasya merrie elon yanna, tasech jamatiche sadasya margine bulkrik yanna, jeey 1995 paryant yaa jamatila sumare 3,00,000 dollars manjur jhaale hote, heey heey heey tolhee hatalu shakel qaa yabaddal shanka hotee.
purvichya nidhichya samaan vatpachya ulat, aadivasi lokanna nidhi jodoon aadivasi nirnayanna aakar detat. udaharanarth, jamatiche jamatiche khrismas bonus heey pii. eff. ess. prakalpachya swikrutishi jodalele hote aanee parinami samarthakanna $6000 bonus aanee pii. eff. ess. viruddha asalelyanna $400 bonus midatil. 2000 saalee eka jamatichya sadasyane mhatale qee, "yaa suvidhes pathimba pathimba pratyekakade eka naveen truck aahe-jarr tumhi sherula pathimba dett nasal tarr tumchyakade kahihi nahee", jeey aavaj aanee jamatiparyant pohochanyacha abhav aanee vikrut varnanadvare jamatichi olakh aakar dene darshavate.
april 1999 madhye yaa jamatine eka tharav manjur keela jyamadhye mhatale gele qee serve aadivasi kagadpatre "bandche bahereel lokanpasoon sanrakshn karnyasathi" gopaneey aanee malkichi aahet. yaa tappyanantar samitichi upasthiti (sine-inn) patrak haah eka kayadeshir karar hota, joou sadasyanna gopaniyatesathi bandhankarak karat asey. kahee sadasyanni asha kagadpatravar swakshari karnyas nakar deela.
march 1999 madhye, sammy blackbear () aanee margine bulcricks athara jamatichya sadasyanni 1997 chya bhadepatti kararachya kayadeshiratebaddal biya yanchyavar khatala dakhal keela, jyala tyanni teen divasant (bharatiy dirghakalin bhadepatti kayadyanusar) manyata dilee, hii eka asamanyapane twarit ghatana hotee. kaala aswal/medacha khatala februwari 2000 madhye purvagrah naan balgata (aanee april 2000 chya apeelat kayam thevanyat aala) fetalanyat aala kaaran too pakvatechya maryadeparyant pohochala navhata. september 2000 madhye tyanni biyachya bhadepatti kararala manjuri denyasathi apeal kele aanee ohango gaudeda devia jagrukta (oo. jee. dii. aii. kinwa oo. jee. dii.) aanee utah rajyasah itar pakshahi tyanchyabarobar sameel jhaale. tyanantar 2 meey 2001 roji 1997 chya bhadepatti kararachya kayadeshiratevar khatala mhanoon dakhal karnyat aala, jyat kharch kelelya indhan sathavanukivarun 1994 madhye 'aswal shasson' (leone aanee tyache kaka laurence) mage ghenyat aale hote aanee blackbearschee nivad karnyat aalee hotee. biyane aswal netrutvala pathimba dene suru thewale, jyane pii. eff. ess. prakalpala pathimba dene suru thewale. aakhati medachya sanketanusar aswalala 1996 madhye pii. eff. ess. kadoon paise miloo lagale hote, nantar tyane bhadepattivar swakshari kelee aanee tyala biya manjuri midali. blackbearne aarop keela qee, bibtya aswalane vaiyaktik vaparasathi "vilakshan kharedi" kelee hotee aanee pii. eff. ess. prakalpache paisehi jamatila vatap kele navhate.
aanee divashi, aine. aar. see. aii. ess. ell. pii. bii. chya tapasacha eka bhag mhanoon, lyon bayer aanee johnn donnell (stone andd webstersathi kaam karnare pii. eff. ess. prakalp sadasya) yanna padchyut karnyat aale. snrakshak aadesh manjur jhalyanantar 17 meey 2001 roji punarlikhit swarupat pratilekh jaaree karnyat aalee. yaa jamatimadhye 112 lokanchi nondani hotee aanee "sumare 15" lock aarakshanachya jagevar rahat hote, asey bearne namood kele. 1995 madheel anekanchya tulanet, tekoi yethe jamatiche konatehi sadasya karyarat navhate. donnelne asey soochit kele qee tyala bhaloo haah jamaticha adhyaksh asalyache vatate parantu tyane tyachi padtalani kelee nahee. tyanni tyaa jamatichya sarvasadharan parishadechya baithakit asatanache smaran kele, jithe bulkrikne "netrutvat leonchya bhoomikela aavhan dile". beear heey 1990-1991 madhye aadivasi sachiv hote; november 1995 madhye teey adhyaksh mhanoon nivadoon aale aanee punha november 2000 madhye; tyanche kaka laurence beear heey purviche adhyaksh hote. aswalane manjur kelela patta pii. eff. ess. saha parishadela sadar keela.
adhyakshanchya antargat paryavaraniy nyayachya muddyansambandhichya utah aanee oo. jee. dii. chya takrarinmadhye. clintoncha karyakari aadesh 12898 madhye, 2002 madhye parwana mandalane kavatichya kavatichya bandla bhadepattivaril mahasool aanee bandla vitaranasathi hishob karnyache aadesh dile, oo. jee. dii. chee vyakhya alpasankhyak upasamuh mhanoon kelee. bandchya vatine, vakeel team whallman yanni assa yuktivad keela qee yamule aadivasi sarvbhaumatvache ullanghan jhaale aahe aanee teey "antargat aadivasi sarkari babinmadhye" hastakshep karat hote, tasech bhadepattichya tapashilansathi doila yoota yanni keleli vinanti bharali gelee hotee, nuksanbharpaichi rakkam gopaneey malkichi mahitee mhanoon badalali gelee hotee. gandachya aaropanvar charcha kartana, whallmanne namood kele qee aadivasi nete sadhya pralambit asalelya federal kayadyachi amalbajavani kaam tapasala sahkarya karat aahet, parantu teey aii. ess. ell. pii. bii. chya kakshet nasalyache sangitale. lyon bearne mhatale qee pii. eff. ess. pasoon milanara mahasool aanee sadasyanna vatap karane heey aadivasi kayada aanee pratheche ullanghan karel."
december 2003 madhye, bharatiy aadivasi sanghatanankadun jhalelya choree, federal nidhi prapt kaam karyakramanchi choree, goshoot nidhiche rupantaran aanee gairvyavahar, aarthik vikas karyalayatun sumare $130,000 aanee pravas vetan duppat karoon $25,000 peksha jaast asha done gunhyanmadhye, federal grand jurine leone bearvar gunhegaricha aarop keela. tyanchyavar curr vivaranpatra khote dakhavalyachya teen gunhyancha (2000 teey 2002) aaropahi thevanyat aala hota, jyasathi aay. aar. ess. summons lagoo karane aavashyak hote. asambandhit prakaranat, aswal aanee aadivasi vyavasay, tarasarkhi malmatta ink. aanee vaividhyapurn adhigrahan starr ell. ell. see. chee dekhil 1998 madhye japani yeena chalan putt paryayatoon curr fasavanukisathi chaukashi suru hotee.
2005 madhye, bearne qamee aaropansathi doshi tharavale aanee tyala jamatichya khatyat $31,000 aanee federal karanmadhye $13,000 bharane aavashyak hote.
2001 madhye jhalelya saumya uthavanantar sammy blackbear, eka vakeel aanee itar done jamati sadasyanvar ashach prakarchya chorichya gunhyancha aarop thevanyat aala, jyat tyanni aadivasi nidhitun 45,000 dollars mage ghetale aanee banavat naveen aadivasi sanghatanekade (manyata nasalelya natto indian rashtratil swayam-varnan kelelya heinry clayton, pahilya federal jilha nyayalayache rahivasi nyayadhish yanchya adhikarasah) 4,00,000 dollarspeksha jaast nidhi hastantarit keela, aanee shakhet 2,50,000 dollars midvanyacha prayatna keela aanee aanee banketoon 3,85,000 dollars kadhanyacha prayatna keela. 2005 madhye, sammy blackbearne aadivasi nidhimadhye $1000 chaa gairavapar kelyabaddal doshi tharavale.
aswalanchya gondhalanantar, jamatine janewari 2004 madhye nond punha ughadanyasathi arj keela, parantu aine. aar. see. neey hastakshep naan karnyacha nirnay ghetala, asey mhanat qee "chinta khoop gambhir aahet, parantu tyaa dusarya manchatil aahet, aine. aar. see. parvanyachya karyavahit nahee."
aarop asoonahi, sault lake tribune 2006 chya akheris yaa jamatiche varnan 'mandichya sthiteet' asalyache kele, tyanchya sault lake vikas karyalayala kulupband kele aanee tapalancha khachakhach khachala. laurence bearchi mulgi, upadhyaksh lorii bayer hiney augustmadhye rajinama deela aanee mhatale qee tee 'raja' sobat kaam karoon thakali aahe aanee teela rikamya dhanadeshanvar swakshari karnyas bhag padale gele aahe 'aanee jamatine karyakari samitee bund karnyasathi matdan kele. band eka gansabhet pohochanyat ayashasvi tharala, jyacha arth leone aswal ajunahi neta hota aanee tyane swatah laa rayatarsasathi "yaa tappyavar aayushyasathi pramukh" mhanoon varnan kele. sarkarcha abhav lakshat gheuun, biya mhanale qee teey hastakshep karoo shakatat.
aanakhi virodh.
yala virodh kaam itar gatanmadhye sarvajanik nagarikancha samavesh hota, jyanni mcclure, gerard aanee newnshwonderdware pii. eff. ess. kadoon mothya pramanat lobbing nondavale, jyache netrutva kahee pramanat idahoche majee sinetara james aii. mcclure, tasech pii. eff. ess. corporation aanee itar sanlagn udyog sanghatananni lobbing karoon, janewari 1999 pasoon suru darvarshi 18 mahinyanchya kalavadhit thet lobbing kharchat $14.4 dashalaksh aanee sambandhit sanghatananmadhye $22.5 dashalaksh nishchit kele. tyanni tyach kalavadhit gatankadoon mohimetil yogdanat sumare $5 dashalaksh dekhil olakhale. siera klabanehi yala virodh keela.
aktoobar 2000 madhye, boney rait aanee indigo mulinni yaa prakalpabaddal jagrukta nirman karnyasathi sault lake citymadhye eka maifil aayojit kelee. nilya mulinchi, enee defranco, vinona laduk, james cromwell, pratinidhi. dennis kusinich, janahit sanshodhan gatache naveen nayak aanee margine bulkrik yannihi 25 julai 2005 roji washington dii. see. yethe patrakar parishad ghetali.
utahmadhil goshoot vyatirikt, yuu. tii. aii. madheel itar rahivasi aanee aine. aar. see. yanni yuu. tii. aii. chya rahivashanvar yuu. ess. aanvik shastra chachaniche asman parinam manya kele (downwinders pahaa), visheshtah upshot-nauthol harry chachanichya tivra parinamanantar, jyala nantar 'derty harry' asey topananav denyat aale. yaa ghasaranimule dakshinekadil utah rahivashanchya karkarogachya darat lakshaniy vaadh jhaali aanee agadi hollywood chitrapatatil eka gut dekhil seent pietersberg jawal 'daad conquiner' banavat hota. george, utah. 1964 aanee 1979 madheel johnn venchya fuffusacha karkarog aanee mrutyu bahutekda asvachch harry chachanishi jodalele asatat; setvaril 220 paiki kiman 91 lokanche nidan jhaale kinwa tyancha mrutyu karkarogane jhaala, jyat susanne hayward, pedro armendariz aanee dick powell yancha samavesh aahe. rahivashanni tole county kshetrala itar kachara prakalpanshi aanee dagve mendhyanchya ghatanesarkhya ghatananshi dekhil jodale, jithe kavatichya kavatichya vx vayuchya apghati sodanyane 6000 mendhya thaar jhalya, jyaa aarthik tadjodisah kavatichya kavatichya jaminivar puralya gelya.
nuclear aij peace foundationchya bellie lopez yanni bharatiy bhoomivaril kachara sathavanukichya prastavanna "lachkhorisarkha aarthik varnadveshacha eka prakar" mhatale.
anoo niyamak aayogacha arj.
prakalpacha arj suruvatila 1997 madhye pii. eff. ess. chey mandalache adhyaksh johnn dii. yanni anoo niyamak aayogakade sadar keela hota. parkin. prarambhik arjamadhye asey mhatale hote qee daha mailanchya trijyamadhye shoonya suvidha hotya; 2002 paryant, anuprayoganni goshut gaav, done shetjameen aanee tekoi ghan indhan rockett chachani suvidha paach mailanchya aat asalyache soochit kele. tathapi, 2002 paryant, tekoi aata karyarat navhate. shau pitman yanni aine. aar. see. kadey jamatiche pratinidhitva kele.
antargat vibhag (doee), bharatiy vyavhar vibhag aanee jameen vyavasthapan vibhagane yojaneche kahee bhag adavale-udaharanarth, doine prakalpat vahatukisathi aavashyak asalelya margacha adhikar nakarla kaaran too janahitaviruddha hota. 2010 madhye antargat vibhagache aakshep 'manmani aanee lahari' mhanoon nyayalayat radd karnyat aale.
yuu. tii. aii. kayade aanee aakshep.
1997 madhye utah rajyasah sahaa pakshanni yaa yojnevar prarambhik aakshep nondavale. utahane ekoon 160 vadanpaiki 68 dakhal kele. yuu. tii. aii. neey assa yuktivad keela qee aine. aar. see. laa 1982 chya anoo kachara dhoran kayadyadvare (aine. doubleu. pii. aii.) adhikarkshetra nahee, kaaran tee madhyavarti offsite kharch kelelya indhan sathavan suvidhesathi (aay. ess. eff. ess. aay.) hotee, jyachi spashtapane charcha jhaali navhati. achook gananechi aavashyakta nahee yaa aine. aar. see. aanee pii. eff. ess. yaa donhi bajunchya yuktivadanchi bajoo ghet 1998 madhye heey nakarnyat aale. utahane 2002 madhye ashich takrar dakhal kelee hotee, jee aayogane done mahinyanantar fetalali hotee.
tathapi, 2000 salaparyant, toel county pii. eff. ess. saha sameel hotee; aayukt, terril hansacker aanee garry griffith, counteela aarthik chalana denyababat bolale. government levitne sangitale qee county vikat ghenyat aalee aahe. matra, tyaa varshachya uttaradhat, griffithne tyache aayogache sthan pii. eff. ess., jeane whitechya tikakarakadun gamavale.
2001 pasoon, yutahane 50 laakh dollarsche parat naan karnyayogya arj shulk, anoo kiranotsargi vahatukivar nirbandh, tyavar 75 takke curr jodane, 150 abj dollarsche aagau shulk aanee tatsam yuktya yasathi anek kayade parit kele. yukka parvat sathavan prakalp, jawalchya utah chachani aanee prashikshan shreneet padalya gelelya bhatkya bombmule honare dhoke, viman apghat honyacha vishvasarh dhoka aanee jawalchya tekoi rockett suvidhet apghat honyacha dhoka yasah itar chintansathi yutahane pii. eff. ess. varr khatala dakhal keela. utahchya aakshepambaddal, pii. eff. ess. chya suut martinne mhatale qee, "heey nyayalayache laksh vichalit karnyacha ughad prayatna aahe asey disate", aanee deserate nyoojchya sampadakiy prushthache sampadak jeey evension yanni sampadakiy lihile qee levit aanee 80 takke utahans yaa prakalpachya virodhat ubhe asale taree, yamule 'golya aanee ashrudhurachya' goline seatlemadhil doubleu. tii. oo. dangalisarkhi paristhiti nirman houu shakate aanee utahane manjur kelelya kayadyanna 'sadhya virodhapeksha blackmelsarkhe' mhatale aanee teey baherche nidarshak aat yeu ichchit naheet. tathapi, vakilanni, anuurjechya nirantar garajesathi tark mhanoon californiachya californiachya madheel veej bund honyakade laksh vedhale. vedhale akheris heey spasht jhaale qee enronchi bajarpethet keleli chaldhakal haah eka mahattvacha ghatak hota aanee see. eae. oo. keneth leey yanna 2006 madhye ghatananshi sambandhit anek aaropanvar doshi tharvanyat aale.
december 2001 madhye, 9/11 hallyanantar, utah rajyane 'aatmaghati moheem dahashatvad aanee vidhvans' assa yuktivad dakhal keela. aayuktanni pakshanna februwari 2002 madhye yaa muddyavar bhashya karnyasathi aamantrit kele, visheshtah vicharale qee "11 september 2001 roji united stateskade nirdeshit kelelya iradapoorvakchya dusht krutyancha vichar karanyachi nepachya akhtyarit asalelya agencychi jababdari kaay aahe? pakshanni serve sambandhit prakarane, vidhimandal itihas kinwa niyamak vishleshanacha ullekh keela pahije."
lashkari viman apghat.
2003 madhye aine. aar. see. chya anoo suraksha aanee parwana mandalachya prashasakeey nyayadhishanni 222 panancha "aanshik prarambhik nirnay" poost keela, jyat pramukhyane lashkari viman apghatamule jhalelya "vishvasarh apghat" baddal, tyaa thikani kalpanik eff-16 apghatachya sambhavyatevar charcha kelee. naak coone, khalee baghanyacha coone aanee zoom chadhan yasarkhya vishayanche moolyankan kele gele. kavati kavatichya margikecha vapar prashikshanadarmyan (divas aanee ratra, jaminichya patalipeksha qamee) darvarshi andaje 7000 uddanansathi keela jaat asey. aine. aar. see. neey visheshtah janivpurvak dahashatvadi viman apaghatanche moolyankan kele nahee, joou tyaa velee eka naveen muddah hota, kinwa tyanni aanvik dabe houu houu nukasaniche moolyankan kele nahee-tyaeivaji, tyanni fakt apghatachya sambhavyatevar charcha kelee. ahavalat asey mhatale aahe qee pii. eff. ess. arjashi sambandhit haah 55 vaa nirnay hota, qee 2002 chya sunavanichya vishayachi prat 11,000 prushthe hotee, 475 pradarshane darshavili gelee hotee aanee khatalyanantarchya sankshipt mahitimadhye aanakhi 2200 prushthe samavisht hotee.
darvarshi darvarshi viman apaghatanchi daha lakhanpaiki eka (1 * 10-6) sambhavyata heey gruheet dharale gelele metrik hote. pii. eff. ess. neey manak neureg-800 3.5.1.6-3 chaar-ghatak vayumarg gananet pachva ghatak jodanyacha prayatna keela, jyamule pilot dhokadayak crash site olakhoo aanee door neuu shakel yaa sambhavyatedvare shakyata aanakhi qamee jhaali, suruvatila 85.5% qamee mhanoon charcha kelee gelee. pii. eff. ess. chya 2 * 10-8 chya gananechya tulanet, shevati aine. aar. see. neey daha lakhanmadhye charpeksha jaast sambhavyatechi ganana kelee. pii. eff. ess. neey dawa kelyapramane viman apghatachi shakyata avishvasaniy (itaki shakyata nahee qee tyache moolyankan karanyachi aavashyakta nahee) peksha vishvasarh (moolyankan karane aavashyak) manali gelee. aine. aar. see. chya chya (vimanachya aapatkalin paristhitipurvi kinwa darmyan) banduk hatavanyachi sambhavyata 2.11 * 10-7 ashee mojali. tarr metrikchya baher, haah ekoon jokhamisathi eka atirikt ghatak aahe, mhanoon too vichar karnyayogya manla gela. aine. aar. see. neey yasathi pii. eff. ess. viruddha nikal deela, jaree pii. eff. ess. chey scott northard ajunahi yaa prakalpabaddal aashavadi hote.
pii. eff. ess. aanee aine. aar. see. chya chya kahee aathvadyannantar aayogachya nirnayala aavhan dile. mandalane apghatachya sambhavyateche punarmulyankan kele aanee keval apghatanna ghatak mhanoon ghetale jyamule koradya petiche ullanghan hoil, jyat imaratinchya aanee petichya lavchikatechya gunottarasarkhya sookshm pramananmadhye ulgada karane samavisht aahe. aine. aar. see. neey pii. eff. ess. chya bajoone nikal deela, tyanantar 2005 madhye utahchya apiladarmyan punha pii. eff. ess. chya bajoone nikal deela, jaree teen aayuktanpaiki eka, gregori jakko yane asahmati darshavali. aine. aar. see. neey lashkari viman apghatasathi pii. eff. ess. chee 0.74 * 10-6 chee ganana sweekarli, jyamule tafa ayashasvi jhaala. anek aakshepanni namood kele qee utahane yuktivadancha adhikar maaf keela hota kaaran teey velevar mandanyat ayashasvi tharale hote (jase qee mageel 15 sunavani). aanakhi eka nirnayat utahchya satatchya aakshepala ('condume uu') 'qamee-samarthit naveen vaad' mhanoon sambodhale gele.
yuu. tii. aii. chya chintanvar antim nirnay aanee aine. aar. see. chee manjuri.
akheris, rajyane tyanchya prakaranala atishayokti dilee aahe aanee teey pii. eff. ess. chya bajoone tharvanyat aale heey lakshat gheuun, utahchya chinta (125 vishisht yuktivad) nyayalayat radd karnyat aalya. 2002 madhye federal purvparvangivarun rajyache kayade radd karnyat aale aanee 2004 chya dahavya circuit apeal nyayalayat teey kayam thevanyat aale. 2003 paryant aine. aar. see. chee arj prakriya ajunahi suru hotee. pratinidhi robb bishapane tof aanee mathesons, devdar parvatiy valvant (varr) tayar karnyasathi 2006 chya rashtriy sanrakshn pradhikaran kayadyat yashasvi durusti (durusti 383) aanee sambandhit jameen vapar niyojanavar jameen vyavasthapan beuromadhil sthagitila prayojit kele. hii krutee visheshtah prastavit railway sparala adavanyasathi hotee, jyane pii. eff. ess. sitewar cacks vitarit kele asate, jyane aath aitihasik sthale olandali asatee kinwa parinam keela asatah hasting cutoff, us ruut 40, victory hayave (juna aanee naveen), western union telegraph line, western paisiphik railroad aanee done raste. haah sarkarcha eka bhag hota. kavatichya kavatichya 'jaminichi khandak' thevanyache levit dhoran.
relvecha veg kayada aanee biya chadd calbertchya nirnayachya nondidware (rodd) avarodhit kelyamule aanee sthagitimule blumla moaavar swakshari karanyachi parvanagi naslyamule, aitihasik sanrakshanavaril sallagar parishadene maghar ghetali, kaaran rashtriy aitihasik sanrakshn kayadyavaril serve chinta vadgrast tharalya hotya. december 2005 paryant dakshini company aanee axel energy pii. eff. ess. madhoon baher padale; axel haah bahusankhya bhagdharak hota. eka aathvadyanantar florida veej aanee prakash bund jhaala aanee urvarit suvidhanni pii. eff. ess. laa nidhi dene bund kele.
yaa magharmule 21 februwari 2006 roji pii. eff. ess. prakalpala, 'kharch kelele anoo indhan aanee uchch-stariy kiranotsargi kiranotsargi swatantra sathavanukisathi parwana' yaa shirshakachya samagri parwana kramank ess. aine. emm.-2513 mhanoon, doichya manjurichya adheen rahoon, purn manjuri midali. doichya james cassonne 6 september 2006 roji, nirnay nondavun, haah prakalp aupcharikpane nakarla aanee loar biyachya punravloknavar kabja keela. doine railway margacha sparahi nakarla hota. bhadepatti nakarlyanantar, aurin hatch mhanali, "aamhala fakt yaa prakalpachya kendrasthani eka spike thevayacha hota aanee heey teey karate".
yaa done rodche varnan 'tarkshuddha nirnay ghenyapeksha rajkaranavar adhik mothya pramanat aadharit' 'jidnyasu kagadpatre' asey kele gele.
julai 2007 madhye, kavatichya kavatichya band aanee pii. eff. ess. yanni prashasakeey prakriya kayadyachya madhyamatoon yojana adavalyabaddal doiviruddha khatala dakhal keela. khatalyat asey soochit kele gele qee bandhkam tappyat pii. eff. ess. kararachi kimmat darvarshi $200,000 hotee, ughadalyanantar darvarshi $10 laakh, aanee nafyachi vatani. doichya aakshepamule radd karnyat aale asalyane, khatala nuksanbharpaichi magani karat hota tasech tyancha nirnay ulatat hota. calvert aanee casson yaa donhi nirnayanna ulatat julai 2010 madhye yaa prakaranacha nirnay ghenyat aala, nyayalayane spasht kele qee tyancha nirnay "manmani aanee lahari" aanee vivekbuddhicha durupyog hota. udaharanarth, 2001 purvi dakhal kelelya paryavaraniy parinam vivarnamadhye, 9/11 hallyansarkhya dahashatvadi hallyanchya charchecha samavesh navhata, jyamule nyayik mutt asey hote qee, "doila purese [paryavaraniy parinam vivaran tayar karnyache bandhan hote", visheshtah mahitee "samanyatah sahaj upalabdh asalyache disate". jamati aanee pii. eff. ess. yanni adhik mahitee denyasathi anek patre pathavali hotee, parantu tyacha kahee upayog jhaala nahee, tarr nakaracha eka bhag mahitichya abhavamule hota. yaa nirnayacha arth assa hota qee doila arjacha punarvichar karane aavashyak hote. saine. hatch aanee utahchya congresschya shishtamandalane punha ughadanyavar teeka kelee, hatchney yala "pii. eff. ess. chya shevatchya holdout sadasyane nidhi puravaleli vakeel-rojgar yojana" asey mhatale.
march 2006 madhye pii. eff. ess. chya parkinne eka udyog manchavar talhya vajavanyasathi 'hoy, aaplya bhavishyachi aasha aahe' asey mhanat aavahan sajare kele. time masikane sangitale qee yaa jamatila yaa prakalpatoon 45 varshant 10 kotee dollars midatil, parantu pii. eff. ess. chey suut martin kinwa bandche leone aswal heey doghehi yachee pushti karnar naheet. margine bulkrikne sangitale qee tine adyap karar pahilela nahee.
prakalp radd karane.
amerikechya anoo bhavishyatil nilya fiti aayogachi nirmiti 2010 madhye rashtrapatinchya nivedanadvare karnyat aalee hotee aanee december 2012 madhye eka ahwal jaaree karnyat aala hota, jyamadhye visheshtah yukka parvatiy prakalp sampushtat aalyanantar anoo anoo charcha karnyat aalee hotee. 2010 madhye kachara vishvas niyamat dekhil badal karnyat aale, jyat anuurja prakalp chalkansah itaranna kharch kelelya anoo indhanachi vilhewat lavnyachya kshamatevar vishvas asane aavashyak hote. khajgi tatpuratya sathavanukichya jagemule kayamswarupi thikani nele jaiparyant ess. aine. eff. chey shirshak dii. oo. eae. neey gruheet dharale jaanar nahee aanee niyojan sthititahi kayamswarupi jaaga naslyamule, khajgi suvidhecha dhoka lakshaniyaritya jaast asato. 2010-2011 madhye prakalpachya sthitiche varnan "anishchit" asey karnyat aale hote.
pii. eff. ess. neey 20 december 2012 roji tyancha arj mage ghetala, jyavar pii. eff. ess. chey mandalache adhyaksh robbert emm. yanni swakshari kelee hotee. palamberg. prakalpachya arjavar aanee kayadeshiratevar toparyant 7 kotee dollars kharch jhaale hote assa andaj vartavanyat aala hota.
aktoobar 2013 madhye, madhye aarthik varshatil naan vaparlelya sathavan parvanyavaril varshik parwana shulkatoon suut manya kaam patrat, palmbergne soochit kele qee jarr jarr shulkatoon suut dilee gelee tarr pii. eff. ess. laa tyancha parwana khula thevayacha aahe. 2014 madhye, spashtapane suut midalyanantar, nivrutti mage ghenyachi aupcharik vinanti karnyat aalee hotee.
1996, 2001 aanee 2006 madheel karyakram arjannusar pii. eff. ess. laa dvivarshik aine. aar. see. gunavatta hummy karyakram dakhal karane aavashyak hote. 2017 madhye teey kele gele
sarvbhaumatva, aarthik nyay aanee sanvad shishyavrutti.
jamatinni, visheshtah mescalaro aanee goshuts yanni ghetalelya aanvik aanvik sambandhit nirnayanmule aadivasi sarvbhaumatva, aarthik shoshan, jamatinvar pashchatya lokshahila baljabari aanee sanskrutik samrajyavadache mudde upasthit jhaale. kachara hatalanyasathi eka jamatine 'svayamsevak' vhave ashee apeksha karane heey 'aadhunik hobsonchi nivad' mhanoon varnan kele gele. pudhe, kavatichya kavatichya pattyachya tulanet mescalerochya sapeksh sampattine haah prashna upasthit keela qee bandware muktapane sammati dilee jaau shakate qaa. qaa kavatichya kavatichya lakshya karane haah shoshan aanee paryavaraniy nyayachya chaloo asalelya apayashacha eka bhag mhanoon pahila jaau shakato. dusarikade, bandney anek varshe jokhmimbaddal shikanyat ghalavali, qamee pramanat qamee houu shakale, jyamule bandchya vanshavad aanee pitrusattakta yaa nirnayacha dusra andaj lavta yeu shakato.
yaa prakalpala virodh kartana, 'mrutyuchya vaktavyacha mothya pramanat samna keela gela', jase qee levitchi 'majhya mrutdehavar' tippani aanee aurin hatchney 'aagmananantar mrut' asalyache mhatale. jokhaminvar charcha kartana itar virodhkankade 'mrutyu' aanee 'karkarog' varr laksh kendrit karnyacha cull hota. eka niyatkalikatil lekhat anyatra varnan kelele 'jennifer aaa' heey 'anusthalachya samarthakanni vaparlelya varnananche pahile sarvasamaveshak sanshleshan' aahe. peaplesney pratinidhi, agency aanee uddeshachya prabhari sanvad gatishilateche varnan kele. udaharanarth, tine pii. eff. ess. samarthak aadivasi gatala (lerry aswal) aatmnirnayavadachya varnanatmak chaukatishi julanara mhanoon spasht kele, "goshoots (agent) yanni yaa suvidhebaddal eka sushikshit nirnay (agency) ghetala aahe aanee aamhala vatate qee prakalp pudhe nene aamchya sarvottam hitache aahe. tyacha aaplyala aanee deshala (uddesh) fayda hoto. jeey aamhala virodh karatat teey adnyan aanee purvgrahamule asey karatat."pii. eff. ess. chaa yuktivad nihpakshapati, vyavharik aanee vaidnyanik swarat denyat aala hota; indhan sathavan suvidhechya sandarbhanmadhyehi tithe kaam kaam manavancha kvachitach ullekh keela gela hota. samajatil samarthakanni naitikta, samata aanee aarthik nyay (pii. eff. ess. chya paishadvare aarthik paratava) aanee virodhkanvar bhavnik halle, kinwa virodhakanni yaa prakalpachya virodhat qaa yuktivad keela yache kaaran tayar karoon, varnadveshachya virodhakanna dosh denyabarobarach, tyanche yuktivad tayar kele. yavyatirikt, anoo anoo dharana aanee kalank heey sansthatmak vishvas qamee karnyasathi aanee chapal vruttila protsahan denyasathi ekatra yetat, jyamule alpasankhyak samudayanmadhye sthanik patalivar avanchhit jaminicha vapar qamee vel kinwa sansadhane vaparoon tyaa virodhat sanghatit honyas madat hote. sahityala dileli moolye aanee kharch sanskratikdrushtya avalambun asatat aanee arth lavnyasathi khule asatat. udaharanarth, kiranotsargachya dhokyanvishayichi samaj aanee vishvas sanskratikdrushtya avalambun aahet, kahee jamati (jase qee payut) kiranotsargala prachand aadhyatmik kimmat detat. asha samudayanmadhil talagalatil sakriyata hii paryavaraniy chalvalinpeksha nagri haqq chalvalinsarkhich aahe.
yaa teen bhinn drushtikonanche sanyojan yaa samasyevar aadharit 'visheshtah samasyapradhan' asalyache peaplesney sangitale. goshootsnee tyanchya nirnay ghenyachya kshamatevar vishvas sthapit karnyacha prayatna keela, tarr pii. eff. ess. chya yuktivadane tyanna kathanapasoon vagalale aanee samudayane adhogatimule jhalelya hanicha sandarbh deuun aanee rajkarani aanee sthanik virodhkanchya hetunche uchchatan karoon vishvas qamee keela, tarr virodhakanni achukatepeksha adhik punaravrutti vaparoon "jinkale". tracily clarkney, aavaj aanee pravesh nasnyamule, lerry aswal gatachya vikrut varnanadvare jamatichi olakh aakar aakar, aantar-jamati gatishilateche varnan kele.
weiss asehi yuktivad karatat qee vaktrutva dhorane aanee dhruvikaranamule samajik rachnavad haah vaktrutvishayak sankalpana aanee davpechanna khoop lagoo hoto. kathor vatavaranamule aadivasi olakh nirman jhaali, jyat eka shaktishali kendriya rajya kinwa samudayik bhavna nirman karnyasathi puresha sansadhanancha abhav hota. naitik uchch aadhar midvanyasathi ekhadya drushtikonavar yuktivad karnyasathi yuktivad kinwa dave karane vaparale jaate. virodhi drushtikon tayar karane aanee tyala punha tayar karane aanee tyaa rachnevar pratikriya dene aanee hetunche parikshan karoon aanee apurnatanchi atishayokti karoon virodhakanchi ninda karane hii vadatil samanya yukti hotee. samarthakankadun shastradnya aanee aadivasi netrutvavar alankarik vishvas thewala gela, tarr utahchi sthitee aanee tyateel kalakaranvar (jase qee sarkar) avishvas vyakt keela gela. levit). tadnya samarthakanni tyanchya varshanuvarshe anubhav aanee jinkalya gelelya puraskaranche (udaharanarth prakalpala pathimba pathimba sahaa nobel vijetyanni) varnan "mahitiaivaji pramanpatranni" prabhavit karnyasathi kele.
samarthakanni rajkiy prerananmadhye tayar kelelya utahchya virodhat yuktivad kele, jase qee teey sarkar soochit karane. levitchi chinta punha nivadanukichi hotee, prakalpachi nahee. jamatiche sarvottam hitsambandh asalyache mhanoon, leone aswalala utkrusht banavalyane heey adhik drudh jhaale. samarthakanchi samarth shastradnyanshi sangad ghalane tyanchya yuktivadanna kayadeshir tharavate. yaulat, virodhakanni leone aswalala badnam kele, tyachya netrutvachya vaidhatevar vaad ghatala aanee ganda ghalane aanee jamatichya sadasyanna laach dene yasarkhya bhrashtacharacha dawa keela. virodhakanni visheshtah paryavaraniy nyay aanee paryavaraniy varnadveshachya babatit varnadveshache aaropahi kele. samarthakanni, visheshtah leone aswalane, hetch aarop vaparoon, pitrutvadadvare varnabhed kayam thevat, yaa sathavanukitun bandla napha houu deela jaat nahee asey sangitale. samarthakanni assa yuktivadahi keela qee levit varnadveshi hota, joou nantar tyachyakadun konatehi nirnay ghet dooshit karato, jyamule samarthak swatahla varnadveshachya virodhat ubhe asalyache darshavtat.
paryavaraniy nyay aanee paryavaraniy varnadveshachi chaukat hii atishay sopee kinwa asha prakarananmadhye "atee saralikrut dwibhajan" chaa bhag asalyacha yuktivad keela jaato, jyamadhye prakriyatmak nyay, punarsthapanatmak nyay, aadivasi olakh rajkaran, sarvbhaumatvachi vividh vyakhya, aatmanirnay, ekatmata viruddha paramparavad aanee naitik shuddhateche eka varnapat yancha samavesh aahe.]
rajkiy varsa.
pii. eff. ess. chya payabhoot kamamule aine. aar. see. laa 2014 madhye paryavaraniy nyay prabhavansah, aay. ess. eff. ess. aay. aanee dry cask transfer system (dii. tii. ess., kharch kelelya indhan poolkade naan pahata) varr samanya paryavaraniy prabhav vidhan (jee. eae. aay. ess.) tayar karanyachi parvanagi midali.

