
nadya aanee bandare kayada

1824 madhye asha prakarchya pahilya kayadyanantar united states congressne manjur kelelya anek kayade aanee viniyoganpaiki eka mhanje nadya aanee bandar kayada. tyaa velee congressne valuche patte, snyags aanee itar adthale door karoon ohiyo aanee mississippy nadyanvaril nauvahan sudharanyasathi $75,000 kharch kele. jase pahilyanda manjur jhaale, tevha haah kayada united states armi corps auph engineers (yuses) dware, tyachya mukhya abhiyanta aanee yuddh sachiv (agadi alikade lashkarache sachiv) yanchya netrutvakhali prashasit keela jaanar hota.
eka aitihasik prakaranat, sarvoch nyayalayane gibbons wii. madhye nikal deela. aanee tyaa sanghiy pradhikaranane rajyaghatanechya vanijya kalmantargat, nadimargasah aantarrajyiy vanijya samavisht kele. yaa nirnayamule mothya pramanat, rajyanchya hakkanchya vakilanviruddha sangharajyavadala pathimba denadhyanmadhil vahtook sudharanambabatche lakshaniy vibhajan sampushtat aale. tyanantar lagechach (april, 1824), samanya sarvekshan kayadyane rashtrapatinna rashtriy mahattvachya raste aanee kalvyansathichya marganche, vyavsayik kinwa lashkari drushtikonatun kinwa sarvajanik tapal vahatukisathi aavashyak asalele sarvekshan karnyas adhikrut kele."rashtrapatinni abhiyantyanchya tukadyanna sarvekshananchi jababdari sopavali. sambhavya sudharananchi vyapti vistrut karnyasathi, congressne meey mahinyat pahila federal nadya aanee bandar kayada manjur keela, punha kamache vyavasthapan karnyasathi shulk aakarle gele.
1826 madhye naveen nadee aanee bandar kayadyane, nivadak jalmarg swachchh karnyasathi aanee khol karnyasathi aanee itar vividh nadee aanee bandar sudharana karnyasathi nadee sarvekshan karnyas rashtrapatinna adhikrut kele. tyaa varshi congressne atlantic mahasagar aanee meksikochya aakhatadarmyanchya kalvyachya pahilya sarvekshanala dekhil adhikrut kele aanee lashkari abhiyantyanchya kamacha bhaar vadhavala. mississippy aanee ohayo nadyanchya sudharanyasathichya 1824 chya kayadyala jaree anekada pahilya nadya aanee bandar kayade mhatale jaat asale, taree 1826 chya kayadyane sarvekshan aanee prakalp yaa donhisathi adhikrutata ektrit karnara pahila kayada hota, jyamule eka namuna sthapit jhaala joou aajahi suru aahe.
prarambhik kayade.
suruvatichya anek nadee aanee bandar kayadyanmadhye nantar vahatukisathi vaparlya jaanarya nadyanchya nauvahan surakshechya prarambhik sarvekshanasathi adhikrutata samavisht hotee; jasjase heey vikasit kele gele, tasatase vishisht sudharanansathi adhikrutata jodali gelee. yapaiki anek sudharana antardeshiy panyatil vafechya botinchya vaparatil vegwan vaadh aanee keval newyork rajyane arthsahayya kelelya erii kalvyachya mothya vyavsayik yashamule prerit hotya.
1828 madhye dalane tenacy nadiche prarambhik sarvekshan kele aanee 1829 madhye ohiyo nadivaril nyu albany, indiana yethe vafevar chalanari pahili snagboat suru karnyat aalee. tenacy aanee kentakimadhil comberland nadee 1832 madhye vikasasathi adhikrut karnyat aalee aanee newyorkmadheel hudson nadee 1834 madhye adhikrut karnyat aalee. itar kaame swatantra rajyandvare rabavali jaat asatana, 1837 chya bhitimule federal jalmarg sudharana karyakram jawaljawal kosalala. 1852 madhye tenacy nadila vikasasathi adhikrut karnyat aale, tasech eleanoy jalmarg, rajya-nirmit eleanoy aanee mishigan kalvyachya khalchya dishene hota. kendra sarkar aanee dalanni naukanayanyogya nadyanvar laksh kendrit kele, tarr kalvyanchya kamat dekhil madat kelee, bahutek pratyek rajyane bandhalelya. udaharanarth, abhiyantyanchya ahavalanusar 11 august 1858 chaa nadee aanee bandar kayada, ohiyomadhil muskingham nadee sudharanyasathi, tailersville yethe kuloop bandhanyasathi aanee zanesville yethe kuloop punha bandhanyasathi $102,000 pradan karato. tyat jalvahatukisathi panyachya vaparashi sambandhit aanee tyachya adheen asalelya jaal urjecha prarambhik sandarbh dekhil samavisht aahe. yaa kayadyat asey samavisht aahe qee yuddhasachivala (yadvare) muskingham nadivaril jalshaktichya vaparasathi, tyala nyayya, nyayya aanee samichin vatel asha darane aanee asha atinvar aanee asha kalavadhisathi bhadepatti kinwa parvane denyas adhikrut aanee adhikar denyat aale aahet. parantu, bhadepatti kinwa parvane nauvahanasathi aavashyak nasalelya atirikt panyachya vaparapurate maryadit asateel aanee girnyanchya thikanansathi kinwa nauvahan aavashyaktanshi visangat nasalelya itar hetunsathi aavashyak asalelya muskingham nadivaril united stateschya jamini tabyat ghenyasathi bhadepatti kinwa parvane denyacha adhikar dekhil tyala aahe. asha bhadepattyankhali kinwa parvanyankhali prapt jhalelya serve paishanche amerikechya khajinyat rupantar kele jaeel aanee itum kelele vivaran heey mukhya abhiyantyanchya varshik ahavalasobat asel. parantu yaa kayadyatil konatyahi goshticha arth, jarr asey asel tarr, tyaa nadivaril jalaurjecha pattadharkachya konatyahi nihit hakkanvar parinam hoil assa keela jaanar nahee.
yadavi yuddhamule 1861 pasoon nadya aanee bandaranvaril nagri kaame sampushtat aalee.
nantar kayada.
yadavi yuddhanantar, railwaymarganna sanghiy nidhi midala; nadee aanee bandar sudharanansathichya nidheet zapatyane vaadh jhaali. 1869 saalee nadya aanee bandaransathichya viniyogane 20 laakh dollarscha tappa paar keela aanee 19vya shatkachya akheris too zapatyane vadhoon darvarshi kotyavadhi dollarsparyant pohochala; 1869 teey 1930 darmyanche nadya aanee bandar kayade heey udaharanatmak aahet. yaa pratyek kayadyat lashkari abhiyantyanchya pathakachya dekharekhikhali yuddh sachivane bandhayache shekado prakalp olakhale jaatat. yaa namunyane nagri kamanchya bandhkamashi dalacha jawalcha sambandh prasthapit keela.
jee. aay. eff. dii. pinchotne asey nirikshan nondavale qee, "amerikechya rajyaghatanet dilelya kinwa lagoo kelelya adhikarannusar, naukanayanyogya nadya aanee tyanchya upanadyanvar sanghiy sarkarche niyantran aahe. tarihi sanvidhan swikarlyanantar shambhar varshe congressne jalshaktiche niyaman purnapane rajyanvar sodale... federal stream kayade tyachya suruvatila pramukhyane nauvahanatil adthale rokhane kinwa door karane heey hote."adhik jalvahatuk sudharanyasathi dharane aanee kulupanchya bandhkamamule heey nantarchya kalat badalale. 1880 chya dashakachya suruvatila edisonchya dii. see. divyachya aagamanane aanee nantar esichya vaparamule, mothya antaraparyant prasarit karnyachya tyachya uchch kshamtesah, vijechi magani zapatyane vadhali. yaa velepasoon nadee aanee bandar kayadyanna jalvidhyut prakalpanchya prasarala aanee itar spardhatmak aadhunik bahuuddeshiy sudharananna samore jaave lagale.
1899 chaa nadya aanee bandar viniyog kayada, purvichya viniyog kayadyanpramanech, nauvahan sudharana prakalpanchya lamb yadisah (kalam 1) suru jhaala, ukt prakalpansathi sarvekshan karyakramala nidhi deela (kalam 2) aanee panama kalwa (kalam 3) bandhanyachya drushtine rashtrapatinna 'panamachya bhukhandacha sampoorn aanee sampoorn tapas' karnyas adhikrut kele. kayadyachya kalam 9 neey pool, dharane, dike aanee codgeware congresscha adhikar sthapit keela aanee kalam 10 neey naukanayanyogya panyatil anadhikrut adthalyanvar adhikar sthapit keela aanee "konatyahi ghaat, ghaat, dolphin, boom, ware, breakwater, bulkhead, jetty kinwa itar sanrachanansathi" adhikrutata aavashyak aahe. kalam 13 madhye, tartudi aanee parvane apavad mhanoon vagalata, naukanayanyogya panyat kachara jamaa karnyas manai aahe. atirikt vibhag nauvahan, lunger kinwa budalelya jahajanshi sambandhit vividh sarvajanik kamancha vapar kinwa badal aanee vidyaman bandaranchya sudharanansathi sarvekshan yavar bhashya karatat. haah kayada kahee yuu sathee aadhar aahe.ess. abhiyantyanche lashkari dall aavashyaktanna parvanagi detat.
nantarchya krutyanchi yadee.
teepah gelya kahee varshant yaa kayadyanche shirshak asangat rahile aahe. jarr haah kayada swatach swa-shirshak naslyas, yethe vaparlele adhiveshan ("nadee aanee bandar kayada 19XX") keval cornell vidyapithatil kayadeshir mahitee sansthechya manyataprapt detabasemadhil yuu. ess. kodashi susangatatesathi aahe.