raymond leane

brigadier general surr raymond leonel leane (12 julai 1878-25 juuna 1962) heey austreliyan lashkari adhikari hote, jeey pahilya mahayuddhadarmyan 48 vya bataliyanche aanee tyanantar 12 vya brigedche netrutva karnyasathi pudhe aale. yuddhadarmyanchya tyachya kamgirisathi, linche varnan austreliyan adhikrut yuddh itihaskar charles bean yanni austreliyan shahee dalatil (aii. aay. eff.) 'aaghadicha ladhau neta' aanee 'austreliyan itihasatil sainikanchya sarvat prasiddha kutumbacha pramukh' asey kele hote. yuddhanantar, tyanni 1920 teey 1944 paryant dakshin austreliyache polis aayukt mhanoon kaam kele, jyasathi tyanna nitechi padvi denyat aalee.
yuddhapurvi eka vyapari aanee anshakalik nagrik dall adhikari asalelya leanla 25 april 1915 roji gallipoli yetheel enzac cove yethe utaranyapurvi aii. aay. eff. madhye niyukt karnyat aale aanee tyane 11 vya payadal bataliyanchya companyche netrutva kele. too tatpurte tyachya bataliyanche netrutva karnyasathi uthala aanee tyala pratishthit seva aadeshacha (dii. ess. oo.) sathidar banavanyat aale, tyala lashkari cross denyat aala, jyacha donada pathvanyat ullekh aahe aanee gallipoli mohimedarmyan teen vela jakhami jhaala. egyptala paratalyanantar, aii. aay. eff. chee punarrachana karnyat aalee aanee leanla navyane sthapan jhalelya 48 vya bataliyanche commanding officer mhanoon niyukt karnyat aale, jee lavkarach france aanee beljiyammadhil paschim aaghadivar nenyat aalee. tyachya netrutvakhali ghetale yuddhat 1916 madheel posierschee ladhai aanee 1917 madheel bullecourtchi pahili ladhai aanee passchendelchi pahili ladhai yancha samavesh hota. nantarchya ladhait too gambhir jakhami jhaala. 1916-1917 darmyan, pathvanyachya sandeshanmadhye tyacha aanakhi teen vela ullekh karnyat aala, tyala seent michael aanee seent georgechya aadeshacha sathidar banavanyat aale aanee tyachya dii. ess. oo. laa baar pradan karnyat aala.
barey jhalyanantar, 1918 chya suruvatila too tyachya tukadit paratala aanee march aanee april 1918 chya german vasant aakramanadarmyan tyache netrutva kele, jyat dernancortjavalchya jordar ladhaticha samavesh hota, jyasathi pathavalelya sandeshanmadhye tyacha punha ullekh karnyat aala hota. eka batalian commander mhanoon, too eka katheen adhinastha tharala, tyane posiers aanee dernancourt yaa donhi thikani tyachya brigade kamandaranchya aadeshanche ullanghan kele. juuna 1918 madhye tyanna curnell aanee tatpurte brigadier general mhanoon padonnati denyat aalee, 12 vya brigedche netrutva karnyasathi, jyache tyanni augustmadhye emineschya ladhaidarmyan netrutva kele aanee septembermadhye hindenberg chauki resha tabyat ghenyasathi ladha deela. yuddh sampalyanantar pathavalelya sandeshanmadhye aanakhi done vela tyacha ullekh karnyat aala aanee 1919 chya suruvatila tyala french crocks dii guerrey puraskaranehi sanmanit karnyat aale aanee 12 vya brigedkade netrutva kartana tyachya 'shoor aanee saksham' netrutvasathi tyala 'aurder auph daad baath' chaa sathidar banavanyat aale. yuddhadarmyan, tyache chaar bhau aanee sahaa putanya seva dett hote; done bhau aanee done putane marle gele.
austreliyala parat yenyachya sainikanchya dekharekhisathi madat kelyanantar, kelyanantar uttaradhat leane dakshin austreliyala paratala. pudhchya varshi meey mahinyat dakshin austreliyache pudhil aayukt mhanoon tyachi nivad karnyat aalee aanee julaimadhye tyachi niyukti karnyat aalee. tyanchi niyukti suruvatila dalat vadgrast hotee, kaaran tyanchya padanvarun aayukt nivadanyachi eka prasthapit pratha hotee. 1926 paryant brigade staravar, konatyahi vadashivay, netrutva karat, leane ardhvel sainik mhanoonahi paratala. jaree tyala anek vadalancha samna karava lagla, taree tyachya police dalachya prashasanache samanyatah kautuk kele jaat asey, tyapaiki eka mhanje sattebajanni tyachya kahee kahee laach denyasambandhicha shahee aayog. mrut majee sainikanchya aashritanna madat karnyasathi sthapan kelelya edelidechya varsa mandalache teey sansthapak sadasya aanee udghatan adhyaksh hote. 1928 madhye, kinarpattivaril kamgaranna lagoo lagoo audhyogik puraskaravarun jhalelya eka mothya vadadarmyan, leenane bigger-union kamgaranna polis sanrakshn dile aanee eka prasangi 150 polisanchya dalache vaiyaktikaritya netrutva kele, jyanni 2,000 panyakhalchya majuranchya gardicha yashasvipane samna keela, jyanna bigger-union kamgaranna edelide bandaranmadhun hatvayache hote. aayukt mhanoon tyanni tarun bharatisathi, polis kutre aanee vahtook apghat vishleshanasathi cadets aanee prashikshan prashikshanasah anek navkalpananchi suruvat kelee. dusare mahayuddha suru jhalyanantar, nivrutt yadeet asoonahi, leane aayukt mhanoon tyachya kartvyanvyatirikt, returns andd services leag-aayojit svayamsevak sanrakshn dalache rajya commander banale, jeey gruharakshakanche eka roop hote. 1944 madhye nivrutt jhalyanantar, police dalachya pramukhpadi 24 varshanchya sevesathi tyanna nitechi padvi denyat aalee. nivruttinantar teey puranmatvadi rajkaranat sameel jhaale aanee 1962 madhye tyanchya mrutyuparyant parat aalelya sainikanchya sanghatananmadhye sakriy rahile.
prarambhik jeevan aanee karkird.
raymond leonel leancha janm 12 julai 1878 roji dakshin austreliyatil prospect yethe jhaala, too thomas johnn leane yaa padatrane padatrane aanee tyachi patni ellis short yancha mulga hota, jee cornish vanshachi hotee. aath mulanpaiki eka asalelya tyache shikshan vayachya 12 vya varshaparyant north edelaid public skoolmadhye jhaale, jevha too kirkol aanee ghauk vyavasayasathi kamavar gela, jyane tyala paschim austreliyatil albanyla pathavale. nantar too clairmontla gela. juuna 1902 madhye, leenane vastuvisharad louis leburn smithchi baheen edith louis leburn hichyashi vivah keela. teey aanee edith clairmont yethe sahaa varshe rahile, jyaa darmyan tyanni 1903 teey 1906 paryant sthanik parishadevar kaam kele. sainyatil tyanchya swarsyamule 1905 madhye anshakalik nagrik dalanchya 11 vya (parth rifles) payadal regimentmadhye leftnunt mhanoon leanla niyukt karnyat aale. 1908 madhye tyanni kalgurlimadhye kirkol vyavasay vikat ghetala aanee goldfields payadal regimentmadhye badali kelee. 21 november 1910 roji tyanna karnadhar mhanoon badhati denyat aalee.
pahile mahayuddha.
25 august 1914 roji, leane captonchya padasah, paschim austreliyane vadhavalelya leenane brigedchya 11 vya payadal bataliyanmadhye company commander mhanoon navyane sthapan jhalelya austreliyan imperial forcemadhye (aii. aay. eff.) sameel jhaala. sanrakshn kayada 1903" nusar nagrik sainya gruh sanrakshanapurte maryadit asalyamule, yuddhat ladhanyasathi austreliyache abhiyan dall mhanoon aii. aay. eff. chee sthapana karnyat aalee. jevha bataliyanchi sthapana jhaali, tevha eff companychi kamaan sambhalanyasathi tyanchi niyukti karnyat aalee. hii batalian octobermadhye paradeshat ravana jhaali aanee decemberchya suruvatila egyptala ravana jhaali. 1 janewari 1915 roji british lashkari bataliyanchya sanrachaneche pratibimb dakhavanyasathi unitchi chaar companyanmadhye punarrachana karnyat aalee aanee eae aanee eff companyanchya sanyojanadvare eka naveen see company tayar karnyat aalee. naveen see companychi kamaan sambhalanyasathi leanchi nivad karnyat aalee.
gallipoli moheem.
egyptmadhye anek mahinyanchya prashikshanantar, leenane brigedne 25 april 1915 roji gallipoli yetheel anzack cove yethe utaranyasathi covering force mhanoon pratham karvai kelee aanee tyachpramane 04:30 chya rojgaramule pahili brigade hotee. leans see company pahilya latet hotee aanee erii burnoo headlandchya agadi uttarela utarali aanee nantar plugchya patharavar chadhali. 30 april roji duparparyant, 1,000-balkat septemberpasoon batalianla nauu adhikari aanee 369 sainikanchi jivitahani jhaali hotee. chaar divasannantar, jyaa enzac parighavar ottomanchya tabyat asalela killa hota, tyaa anzack parighatil dakshinekadil pramukh pramukh pradesh gaba tepevar ubhaychar hallyache netrutva karnyasathi leanchi nivad karnyat aalee. killyavar kabja kelele sainik anzack kovchya aaspaschya sthananvar tofkhana golibar karat hote. gaba tepechya payathyashi leane naukanmadhun utaralelya yaa dalat 11 vya batalian aanee 3 raa philled companymadhil 110 hoon adhik sainik hote. jordar golibarane sainyala lagechach lagechach adakavanyat aale. leenane shahee naudlala tyachya jakhaminna jakhaminna baher kadhanyache sanket dile, jeey tyanni vafechya botine eka robot odhoon dile. kateri taranchya pattyanmule leane maghar ghene ashakya aahe heey tharvalyanantar, leenane nantar shahee naudlala tyachya urvarit pakshala hatavanyache sanket dile. naudalane done jahajachya nauka khechoon done dharane nauka pathavalya. vidhvansakanni aag zakoon thewali, parantu jakhaminchya sutkesathi ottoman lokanni golibar rokhala asatana, tyanni maghar maghar hallekhoranvar prachand golibar keela. hatat jakhami jhalelya leans anek purushanna maar lagla. chhapa ayashasvi tharala, parantu leanche netrutva, dhairya aanee agnipramadatil sheetalata prabhavit jhaali aanee tyachya krutisathi tyala lashkari cross (emm. see.) denyat aala. tyachya commanding karmchari shifarshimadhye asey lihile hoteh 
gaba tepevaril hallyanantar, leane leane mukhya sanrakshanatmak reshet tyachya tukadit punha sameel jhaala. 19 meey roji pahatechya aadhi, automan 16 vya vibhagachya ghatakanni anzack kshetraviruddhchya vyapak pratihallacha eka bhag mhanoon boltons rijvareel leenane brigedchya sthananvar hallah keela. ladhaidarmyan, leane haah bataliyanchya khandakanchya pudhchya bhagamadhye sthit hota, jithe eka darikade pahat hota, jithe ottoman sainya jamale hote. yaa sthanavarun, leane aanee itar done septemberpasoon bataliyanchya javananni pahatepasoon duparparyant golibar karat, tyanchya riflesney mothya sankhyene ottoman sainikanna thaar marle. 28 juuna roji, linchi company sniperchya parvataranganvaril ottoman khandkanvaril 9 vya bataliyanchya ayashasvi hallyasathi covering phayar puravanyasathi boltonchya parvatarangetun turkey nalkade gelee. haah hallah eka daav hota, jyacha uddesh dakshinekadil cape hales yethe mitrapakshanchya hallyachya viruddha tyanchya sainikanna balkat karnyapasoon ottoman senapatinche laksh vichalit karane haah hota. aaghadichi company purnapane asamarthaneey hotee, leanchya companyche pramukh ghatak golibarachya aanee machineganchya golibarane vyapale gele hote aanee leanchya leanchya dukhapat jhaali hotee. asey asoonahi, too tyachya yunitmadhyech rahila. hallyala pathimba denyasathi vachanbaddha asalelya septemberpasoon bataliyanchya done companyanmadhye 21 jann thaar aanee 42 jann jakhami jhaale.
31 julaichya ratri, leenane septemberpasoon bataliyanchya tabyat asalelya tasmania chaukichya samoril ottoman khandkavar hallah keela. dakshinekade anzack parighatoon baher padanyacha prayatna keela jaanar aahe ashee dharana automan lokanna denyachya ichchemule haah hallah prerit jhaala, tarr uttarekade door asalelya suvala khadivar utaranyache niyojan karnyat aale hote. leanchya sainyat 50 purushanche chaar gut hote, jeey shatruchya khandkaparyant khodalelya chaar khaninchya golibaranantar ottoman khandkavar hallah karnar hote. suruvatila fakt uttarekadil aanee dakshinekadil khanincha sphot jhaala, parantu leenane kahihi vichar naan karata hallah keela. paksh tasmania chauki aanee ottoman khandak yanchyatil antar paar karat asatana, leenane khaneet sphot jhaala, bahudha hallah kaam gatatil kahee sadasyanna purale. chauthya khaneet sphot jhaala nahee. vastunishtha khandakachya kahee thikani jordar ladhai jhaali, parantu ottomananna parabhoot karnyat aale aanee khandak ektrit karnyat aala aanee automanchya mageel bajukade pudhe dalanvalan khandakanna avarodhit karnyat aale. barricadeswar anek tivra bombsfot jhaale. khaan bogdyanche dalanvalan khandakanmadhye rupantar karnyache kaam lagechach suru jhaale jyamule navyane tabyat ghetalelya khandkakade nele gele. kahee kamkuvat pratihalla jhalya. pahatechya velee, ottoman tofkhanyane navyane jinkalelya sthanavar jordar bombfake suru kelee. golibaradarmyan, shatrucha eka shelf kosalatana leane eka nirikshakashi bolat hota. nirikshakacha shirachhed karnyat aala aanee dokyala dukhapat jhaali, parantu too tyachya padavar rahila. yaa karvaidarmyan tabyat ghetalelya sthanala 'leane trench' mhanoon olakhale jaau lagale. khandak tabyat ghetana, septemberpasoon tukadine 36 janancha balee ghetala hota aanee 73 jann jakhami jhaale hote.
lemnos betavaril rugnalayat barey hott asatana 5 august roji leanla tatpurte mejar mhanoon padonnati denyat aalee. chaar divasannantar teey punha tyanchya tukadit sameel jhaale aanee tyanchya "mahan shaurya, sheetalata aanee dayalupana" sathee, sathee shauryapurn krutyansathi denyat yenara dusra sarvoch puraskar, 'distingwished service aurder' (dii. ess. oo.) chaa sathidar bananyachi shifaras karnyat aalee. tyanni 30 septemberpasoon septemberpasoon payadal tukadiche tatpurte netrutva kele aanee 8 aktoobar roji tyanna mukhya aanee tatpurte leftnunt curnell mhanoon badhati denyat aalee. 16 november roji batalianla lemnosemadhye halvile jaiparyant leane gallipoli yethe rahila. novemberchya uttaradhat tyanna pneumoniamule rugnalayat dakhal karnyat aale aanee tyanna egyptala halavanyat aale, akheris februwari 1916 chya suruvatila tyanna sodanyat aale. mohimedarmyan tyanchya sevesathi, tyanchya emm. see. aanee dii. ess. oo. vyatirikt, pathvanyachya patranmadhye tyancha donada ullekh karnyat aala hota. too 'bail' yaa topananamanehi olakhala jaau lagla. adhikrut austreliyan yuddh itihaskar charles beenane nirikshan kelyapramane, tyachi "unch chaukoni khandyachi chaukat, prachand jabada, ghattapane sankuchit kelele oth aanee tikshna, sthir, vinodi dolhe yamule too eka sainikacha thasa banala".
paschim aaghadi.
rugnalayatun discharge midalyanantar, leane suruvatila 11 vya bataliyanmadhye paratala, parantu 21 februwari 1916 roji niyojit 48 vya payadal bataliyancha commanding officer mhanoon tyachi badali karnyat aalee. 48 vya batalianla chauthya vibhagacha bhag asalelya 12 vya brigedla niyukt karnyat aale. 12 march roji leanla leftnunt curnell mhanoon mothya pramanat badhati denyat aalee aanee chaar divasannantar swatah bataliyanchi sthapana karnyat aalee. swatah linpramanech, 48 vaa dakshin austreliyan aanee paschim austreliyan hota, joou austreliyatil navyane bharati jhalelya 16 vya bataliyanmadhun ghetalelya cadermadhun vadhavala gela hota. bataliyanmadhye seva denare leanche anek natevaik hote, jyat tyacha dhakata bhau benjamin bennet leane, joou suruvatila tyacha sahayyak aanee nantar tyacha duyyam-inn-kamand hota. bataliyanmadhye tyache teen putane (alaan edwin, ruben ernest aanee geophrey paul leane) aanee itar anek natevaikahi hote. 48 vee sampoorn aayafmadhye 'johnn auph aark batalian' mhanoon olakhali jaau lagali kaaran tee 'aul-leans' (orlinschee dasee) pasoon bunley hotee. sampoorn march aanee april 1916 darmyan, meey mahinyachya suruvatila habieta yethe halavanyapurvi bataliyanne valvantat prashikshan ghetale, jithe tyanni suez kalvyavar sambhavya ottoman hallyaviruddha khabardari mhanoon kahee kaal bachavatmak sthananvar kaam kele. 1 juuna roji, serapiyamchya prathamik koochanantar, batalianla railwayne alekzandriyala halavanyat aale aanee done divasannantar franskade ravana jhalelya 'caledonia' yaa sainyanaukevar teey chadhale. 9 juuna roji teey marcel yethe dakhal jhaale, tyanantar tyanna railwayne uttar francemadhye halavanyat aale.
posiers aanee maukwet pharm.
batalian francemadhye gelyanantar, tyachi pahili gambhir ladhai 5/6 augustchya ratri posierschya ladhaidarmyan hotee, jevha tee austreliyan benjamin vibhagane tabyat ghetalelya jaminiche rakshan karnyasathi vachanbaddha hotee. tyachi aadnya midalyanantar, leenane tabadtob tyachya companychya commanderance punha kaam kele, jyaa darmyan tyanna german barragene khalee khechale aanee tyapaiki done jakhami jhaale. tyache brigade commander, brigadier general dunken glassford aanee tyachya varishtha kamandaranna asey vatale qee jabardast barrage nantar eka majboot german pratihalla hoil aanee tyanantar austreliyan tabyat asalelya sthananvar padel. tyamule glassfordne leanla posierschya uttares done kampanya thevanyache aadesh dile, parantu leanla khatri patali qee yamule yaa bhagat gardi hoil aanee parinami anavashyak jivitahani hoil. tyachya done khandakanna pratyeki eka companysah surakshit thevanyachi aanee tyachya done rakheev kampanya gavachya magchya bajula thevanyachi tyachi yojana hotee aanee tyane glassfordcha samna keela aanee lekhee aadeshanchi magani kelee. tyanantar glassfordne leanla lekhee aadesh deela qee tyachya done rakheev kampanya pudhe pathavalya jaatil, parantu leane thaam rahila aanee posierschya uttarela fakt eka company tainat kelee. shengdanyachya matey, aadeshanchi aadnya naan palane hii sarvasadharanpane eka dhokadayak pratha asali taree, yaa prakaranat nantarchya ghatananni heey siddha kele qee yaa krutimadhye leane purnapane nyayya hote. itihaskar kregg dietonchya matey, leane haah aadhich brigedmadhye prabal prabhav hota aanee too glassfordsathi "katheen adhinastha" asalyache siddha hott hota. 14 vya bataliyanchya commanding officer leftnunt curnell charlesne tyach manovrutticha avalamb karnyache dhadas kele aanee tase kartana swatachya brigade commanderchi aadnya modali, tyamule leane tyachya drushtikonat ekta navhata. leenane nantar purvichya chhavanichya madatiche varnan kele qee sampoorn yuddhat tyane anubhavalela sarvat white anubhav, kaaran too eka jabardast german bombsfotakhali hota. pahatechya sumaras jevha tyane tyachya aaghadichya ranganna bhet dilee, tevha tyala tyachya done companyanche avashesh khandakanmadhye naan jaata khol kholyanmadhye vikhurlele aanee mrut aanee jakhami lokanni vedhalele aadhalale.
6 august roji duparparyant, satatchya jordar golibaratoon heey spasht jhaale qee german pratihalla apekshit hota. aaghadichya done companyanche mothe nuksan jhaale hote aanee binanusar, leancha gavachya magchya bajula company thevanyacha nirnay shahanpanacha asalyache disun aale. tyaa sandhyakali tyane tyachya done aggressor companyanna rakheev companytoon mukt kele aanee benjamin companyla gavachya uttarekade sodale. 7 august roji sumare 04:00 varr eka purn pramanat german pratiaakraman vikasit jhaale, jyane 48 vya bataliyanvar maat karnyacha dhoka nirman keela. leenane tyachya urvarit companycha ardha bhag bandhala aanee yamule paristhitiche nirakaran karnyas madat jhaali. dupari leanchya tukadila dilasa midala. glassfordchya aadeshanche palan karnyas leenane nakar dilyache varnan 'suspasht samanya dnyan aanee mahan naitik dhairya' madhoon hott asalyache kele gele aahe, parantu deatonche nirikshan aahe qee yuddhanantar konatihi chaukashi kelee gelee nahee heey linchya aadeshanchya sakhaline ayashasvi tharvile, jyane bhavishyat aadeshanche ullanghan karnyacha leane parwana prabhavipane deela. glassford aanee leane yanchyatil sambandh yaa sangharshatun savarale naheet. dieton pudhe nirikshan karato qee jarr german hallah eka divas aadhi suru keela gela asata aanee pudhe khandak haravale asate, agadi tatpurte, tarr jhukalele bahudha tyachya aadnyabhangacha hishob keela gela asata. keval eka divasachya aanee done ratrichya ladhait, 48 vya bataliyanne 20 adhikari aanee 578 sainik gamavale, pramukhyane golibaramule. batalian 12-15 august roji posiers yetheel reshet paratali, jyat aanakhi 89 jann mrutyumukhi padale. yanantar, bataliyanne flandersmadhye halavanyapurvi, maukwet farmchya bhovati bachavatmak bhoomika ghetali, jithe tyanni 12 vya brigedchya itar teen batalians yeepresachya dakshinekadil reshechya eka bhagat kaam karnyasathi firavale. yaa kalat tyanchya kshetrat konatehi mothe halle jhaale naheet aanee jaree kahee jivitahani jhaali asali taree, sumare 700 sainikanchya samarthyaparyant pohochoon, batalian tyachya kahee nukasanichi jaaga ghenyas saksham hotee. yaveli, 'tyachya tukadichi ubharani aanee prashikshanasathi satatyapurn, sakhol aanee changlya kamasathi' aanee posiers aanee maukwet farmmadhil tyachya unitchya tyachya aadeshasathi, preshananmadhye leancha punha ullekh karnyat aala.
bullecort.
40 varshantil sarvat white european hivalyat, 48 vya bataliyanne aaghadichya ranget aapali paalee ghene suru thewale aanee chauthya velee pathvanyachya velee leancha ullekh karnyat aala. march 1917 madhye tyachya tukadine germanancha pathlag keela, kaaran teey tatbandichya bahustareey hindenberg reshechya dishene mage hutley. april 1917 chya suruvatila, 12 vya brigedne bullecourt tabyat ghenyachya uddeshane hallah karnyas vachanbaddha hote, 48 vya batalianla 46 vya bataliyanchya mage, duyyam uddesh tabyat ghenyache kaam denyat aale hote. tayaridarmyan, eka gairsamajamule, leanla tyachya brigade commanderne bullecourt gavat 200 sainik pathvanyache aadesh dile, jeey changle sanrakshit asalyache manale jaate. vaishishtyapurnapane, leenane aagrah dharala qee jarr aadeshachi amalbajavani karane aavashyak asel tarr tyat tyachya eka companycha naash karane samavisht asel aanee tyala tyacha putanya alanchya aadeshanusar nivad karavi lagel. vibhagiy karmchari karmchari velevar aagamanane paristhiti spasht jhaali aanee aadesh radd karnyat aala. 10 aprilchya sakali, jevha vachan dilele takiche samarthan velevar pohochu shakale nahee aanee hallah pudhe dhakalanyat aala tevha hallyasathi bataliyanchi sthapana karnyat aalee. aaghadichya ranget parat jaatana, leancha bhau, mejar benjamin linno, unitcha sekand-inn-kamand, golibarat marla gela aanee batalianla aanakhi 20 jann thaar jhaale. leanla bencha mrutdeh mrutanmadhye sapadala aanee tyane tyachya varr eka vadhastambh ubharanyapurvi tyala tyaa thikani nele jethe tyane eka kabar khodali.
pudhe dhakalanyat aalelya hallyache benjamin divasasathi punarnirdharan karnyat aale aanee takichya aadharat aanakhi samasya asoonahi, 48 vya batalianla bullecourtchya purvekadil hindenberg resheteel german khandakanchya benjamin ranget dhakalanyat yash aale. tofkhanyanna jawalun madat midalyas heey sthan surakshit manale jaat asey. parantu tofkhana aanee havai nirikshakanchya chukine assa aagrah dharala qee tyanni austreliyan sainyala hindenberg reshechya palikade pahile aahe, aaghadichya tukadyanche sandesh tyanchya uchch mukhyalayat parat aale naheet aanee tofkhana commander aavashyak asalela snrakshak barrage khalee aananar naheet. atirikt sainya puresha takdine pudhe jaau shakale nahee. jevha mothya pramanavar german pratiaakraman vikasit jhaale, tevha 48 vya bataliyancha tabyat ghetalelya german khandakanmadhye jawaljawal cutt jhaala aanee yaa prakriyet mothya pramanat jivitahani houn tyanna baher padnyasathi ladha dyava lagla. yaa hallyat sahbhagi asalelya bataliyanchya sumare 750 sainikanpaiki unitne 15 adhikari aanee 421 sainik gamavale. leancha putanya elon, jyane tabyat ghetalelya german khandkat ladhaiche netrutva kele hote, tyala jakhami jhalyanantar pakadanyat aale aanee nantar german rugnalayat tyacha mrutyu jhaala. austreliyan senapati takyanvar jordar teeka karat hote, yaa apayshasathi jawaljawal purnapane tyanna doshi dharat hote, zokoon seva sainikanni takyanchya takyanchya "bhyadpana aanee asamarthata" chaa aaropahi keela.
messins, bahubhuj lakud aanee passchendele.
tyanantar hii tukadi messinschya ladhait gambhir ladhait sahbhagi jhaali. 7 juuna roji brigedchya suruvatichya pragatisathi sahayyak bhoomika asali taree, tyanchya kampanya lavkarach aaghadichya tukadyanna balkat karnyasathi vachanbaddha hotya. sampoorn bataliyanchi punarrachana karata yavee yasathi teey 10 junparyant germananshi ladhat rahile, jevha teey mage ghenyat aale. tyach divashi nantar batalianla punha aaghadichya ranget pathvanyat aale. benjamin divashi sakali, vaishishtyapurn aakramaktasah, leenane pahate eka majboot ladhau gast pudhe dhakalali, tyachya yaa gruhitkavar kaam karat qee bataliyanchya samoril khandak aanee majboot bindu fakt ratri thewale jaat hote, aanee german chhawani divasa mage ghetali jaat hotee. too barobar asalyache siddha jhaale aanee done maidani banduka aanee mothya pramanat darugolyasaha german jaaga ladhaishivay tabyat ghenyat aalya. yaa kruteene brigedache uddisht surakshit kele aanee 12 vya brigedla tyachya davya bajula asalelya 13 vya brigedshee jodale. 12 juuna roji ladhaitoon batalian mage gheiparyant, tyane 4 adhikari aanee 62 sainik gamavale hote. tyachya tukadichi "chaturaine hatalani" kelyabaddal leanchi tyachya dii. ess. oo. laa barsathi shifaras karnyat aalee hotee, parantu tyala too puraskar midala nahee. septembermadhye bahubhuj lakadachya ladhaiparyant hii batalian vishranti, rakheev jaaga aanee aaghadichya reshetoon firat hotee. yaa ladhaidarmyan too aadhar bhoomiket hota, pramukhyane mageel bhagat bachavkaryat guntalela hota, parantu tarihi mothya golibarat 27 janancha balee gela. tyanantar lagechach, leanla seent michael aanee seent george (see. emm. jee.) yanchya aadeshacha sathidar banavanyachi shifaras karnyat aalee. shifaras ashee hotih 
tyanantar 12 aktoobar roji paschendelchya pahilya ladhait mukhya hallyachya ujavya bajula hii batalian tainat karnyat aalee. suruvatichya yashanantar aanee 200 hoon adhik germananna tabyat gheunahi, mukhya hallah ayashasvi jhaala, jyamule bataliyancha dawa bhag ughad jhaala. pahilya german pratihallacha parabhav karnyat aala, parantu tyacha dawa bhag asurakshit asalyane, benjamin pratihallachya parinami 48 vya batalianla tyachya suruvatichya reshevar parat dhakalanyat aale. ladhaidarmyan, unitla tyachya mool purak 621 paiki 370 balee padale. maghar ghetana, leane tyachya mukhyalayatun junya german golichya petijaval tyachya unitla nirdeshit karat hota, jevha haah parisar jordar german bombsfotanchya adheen aala. eka kavach tyachya samorun qamee padale, leane paay aanee hatala gambhir dukhapat jhaali aanee tyala upcharasathi englandla halavanyat aale. yaveli yashasvipane, tyachya dii. ess. oo. sathee punha barchi shifaras karnyat aalee. shifaras ashee hotih 
german vasant aakraman.
26 janewari 1918 roji, jakhmantun barey houn leane punha tyachya tukadit sameel jhaala. pathavalelya sandeshanmadhye tyacha pachva ullekh hota, tasech too door asatana tyacha see. emm. jee. aanee dii. ess. oo. sathicha dand jaheer karnyat aala hota. tyachya anupasthitichya jawaljawal sampoorn kalavadhisathi, 48 vya bataliyanne badali, vishranti aanee mageel bhagat prashikshan ghetale hote, janevarichya madhyat fakt pudhchya reshanmadhye, rakheev khandakanmadhye aanee vishrantichya bhagat tyachya feryakade paratat hote. aaghadichya ranget tyache alpakaldekhil shant hote, pramukhyane khandak aanee itar sanrakshn sudharanyat guntalele hote. februvarichya madhyat hii batalian meterainjavalchya billetsmadhye gelee, jithe tee 25 marchparyant rahili. tyaa divashi 724-shaktishali 48 vya batalianla truckne uchalale aanee german vasant aakramanala tond denyasathi dakshinekade pathvanyat aale, jeey keval chaar divas aadhi suru karnyat aale hote, aanee tyala prachand yash midale. burles-auu-boisachya uttares ghusun, bataliyanne tyaa gavat kooch kele aanee padey ghetali. benjamin dupari tyanna 27 marchchya sakali tethe pohochoon, aanakhi dakshinekade senalis-leey-sekkade ratrabhar kooch karnyache aadesh denyat aale. thodya velane thambalyanantar teey henencourtmadhun aanee albertchya paschimekade asalelya millenkortparyant pudhe gele.
pratham dernancourt.
12 vya brigedla suruvatila 9 vya (scottish) vibhagachya adhipatyakhali thevanyat aale hote, jeey albertchya paschimes aaghadichi resha tabyat thevanyasathi jababdar hote, jee germananchya hatat gelee hotee. yaa kshani, eka shwas naan gheta british karmchari adhikari aala, jyamadhye tyane sangitale qee dernancourt kosalala aahe aanee german lokanni albertchya samore railway marg dharala aahe. 9 vya vibhagachya avasheshanchya mage unch jaminivar asalelya sahayyak sthananmadhye batalianla margadarshan karnyache aadesh tyache hote. leanchya kathor najaret aanee chaukashit, too 12 vya brigedchya commander, brigadier general johnn galibrandche naav deu shakala nahee, jyane varvar pahata aadesh jaaree kele hote aanee british karmchari lashkari veshat german lokankadoon dhokyachi chinhe aanee khotee aadesh pasaravalya jaat asalyachya afavanmule, leenane tyala sanshayit hair mhanoon tabyat ghetale. leane swatah galibrand shodhayala gela, tyala aurder yogya asalyache aadhalale aanee karmchari karmchari sutka karnyat aalee. tainat karnyat aalelya yaa vilambanantar, leenane albert-emines margachya reshevar 9 vya vibhagachya mageel unchivar tyachya tukadila purvela nirdeshit kele, jeey 27 marchchya pahateparyant pohochale.
tyanantar galibrandne ghetale batalianla aanee tyachya ujavya bajula asalelya asalelya batalianla, unch jaminichya pudhchya utaravar tabadtob jaaga ghenyache aanee khalee railway tatbandikade pudhe takanyache aadesh dile. pudhe yenara utaar jawal yet asalelya german lokanche purn darshan ghadavat hota. 47 vaa jahaj lagech pudhe sarkale, german tofgolyanchya kadkadit adakale aanee 17:00 dware railway margachya kahee antaravar asalelya junya ardhya purn jhalelya khandkaparyant jaanyat tyanna jivitahani sahan karavi lagali. leenane asey mutt mandale qee galibrandla jaminivaril sampoorn paristhiti mahit nahee aanee anavashyak jivitahani naan hota uddisht sadhya karoo shakel asha kruticha marg avalambanyacha vivek tyachyakade hota. andhar hoiparyant aapale sainya pudhe naan jaanyacha tyane nirnay ghetala. punha aadnyabhang karnyavar beenchi tippani, parantu asey namood karate qee jevha asha adhinsthanmadhye, jase qee leanmadhye, "dhairya aanee nirnayache utkrusht guna" asatat tevha asha krutiche dhoke qamee hotat. too nishkarsh kadhato, "[buub] utt leane dubala hota aanee galibrandla teey jaanun ghenyacha arth hota". dietonne leanchya nirnayavar teeka kelee, 47 vya batalianla tyachya hetuncha sallah denyat too apayashi tharalyache varnan kele aanee leanchya nirnayamule nirman jhalelya gambhir jokhamimule tyaa dupari german hallah jhaala asata tarr aapatti yeu shakali asatee asey mhatale. dieton heey dekhil pratibimbit karate qee leane aanee galibrand yanchyatil sangharshanchya maliketil heey fakt navintam hote kaaran galibrandne mageel varshachya novembermadhye brigade tabyat ghetali hotee.
andhar jhalyanantar, 48 vya bataliyanne 9 vya vibhagachya urvarit bhagatoon resha tabyat ghetali. 47 vee batalian ajunahi tyachya ujavikade hotee aanee davikade british vhee corps hotee. 48 vya bataliyanne albert aanee dernancourt darmyan eka lahanshi pramukh jaaga vyapali. ratrichya velee, tofkhana aanee machineganchya golibarane bataliyanchya sthananvar laksh kendrit kele gele. 28 marchchya pahatechya prakashat, pudhe pudhe done kampanya german payadalala dhukyatoon pudhe neuu shakalya. teey barragechya kavharejashivay jawal aale aanee agadi jawalchya rachnet, kahinchya rifles ghasaralya hotya. ghetale bataliyanchya sainikanni tyanchi shastre tatadine balgali aanee germananni pudhe jaane thambavale. ujavya bajuchya 47 vya bataliyanvar eka kirkol todga patkan hatalanyat aala aanee tees kaidi pakadale gele. divasabharat, german aanakhi aath vela pudhe gele, pratyek velee adhik savadhgirine aanee thode adhik agni sahayyasah. pann pratyek velee austreliyan sanghane tyanna parat parabhoot kele. sandhyakalparyant german maghar ghetalyache disun aale aanee 48 vya batalianla 62 sainik gamvave lagale hote. tee ratra aanee pudhche done divas tulanene shantpane gele, pudhchya bhagat gardi houu naye yasathi vaishishtyapurn kalji gheuun, leenane aaplya companyanna aaghadichya chaukyanmadhun firavale. 30 marchchya ratri batalianla aaram denyat aala.
dusra dernancourt.
48 vee batalian 3 aprilchya ratri railway tatbandivaril tyachya purvichya sthananvar paratali, tyanchya anupasthitit yaa margavar aanakhi done german halle jhaale hote, jeey baryapaiki sahajpane hanoon padale gele hote. yaa prasangi, sainyasah aaplya aaghadichya sthananvar niyantran thevanyachya nehamichya sanyamane, leenane railway tatbandivar pudhe done kampanya aanee batalian sectorchya agadi davya bajula asalelya chaukyanchya maliket aanakhi eka company pudhe vaparanyachi parvanagi magitali. hya khamb albert-emines rastyachya agadi dakshines eka darichya donhi bajunna hotya. tyane tyachi chauthi company pioneer trench navachya khandkat thewali, jee tatbandichya dishene unch jaminivar khodanyat aalee hotee. tyanna 46 vya bataliyanchi eka company dekhil denyat aalee hotee, jee tyanchya mukhyalayajaval rakheev thevanyat aalee hotee. 4 april roji, chauthya vibhagache commander, mejar general even synclair-mcclaghan yanni nirnay ghetala qee sanrakshanasathi mukhya marg haah tyachya mage asalelya unch jaminiaivaji railway tatbandi asel. yamule 48 vya bataliyanchya swabhavat badal jhaala nasla taree, tyamule galibrandne aadesh jaaree keela qee tatbandi konatyahi kimmatit thewali pahije, jyache aagami ladhaisathi mahattvapoorn parinam jhaale. tyach divashi, benjamin divashi sakali german hallah apekshit asalyachi batami midali.
german khandak-mortar golibar pahat aanee teey bombsphotasathi lakshyanchi nond karat aahet assa sanshay gheuun, swatah zukun, tyachi batalian aagami ladhaisathi tayar asalyachi khatri karoon ghetali aanee ratri gast pathavali jyamule keval tatbandichya palikade asalelya rastyavar german sainyachi mothee sandrata aadhalun aalee. galibrandne ekatra aalelya german lokanvar golibar karnyasathi louis ganchya tukadyanna pathvanyache aadesh dile aanee 1960 chya dashakat tofkhana padala.oo.ess. tatbandichya pudhe resha. tyane 45 vya tukadila leanchya mukhyalayajavalil unch jaminivar khodkam karnyasathi aanale. 07:00 varr, eka jordar german bombsfot jhaala, suruvatila chauthya vibhagachya mageel bhagavar aanee tyachya bajuchya sanrachananvar, pudhil resheparyant vistarla aanee sumare 08:00 laa aadhar deela. nantar leenane nirikshan kele qee haah barrage "posiers nantarcha sarvat judd" hota. jaree germananchya mothya gatanni aaghadivar barrage utarlyanantar eka tasanantar pudhe jaau lagale, taree ghetale bataliyanchya aaghadivar konatahi hallah lagech jhaala nahee. kathor ladhait, 48 vya bataliyanchya aaghadivar germananna mage hatavanyat aale. jaree 1917 madhye lagoo karnyat aalelya naveen manak batalian sanrachanekhali batalian skaut pulton visarjit karnyache aadesh leanla donada denyat aale hote, taree tyane nuktech tase kele hote aanee keval aupcharik arthane. tyaeivaji, jevha jevha batalian karvait utarate, tevha tyach sankhyene niyukt skaut lagech tyala kalavatat aanee tyala ghadamodinchi mahitee denyasathi tyane tyanna vividh thikani tainat kele.
sumare 10:30, leanchya kahee scoutsney nondavale qee 12 vya brigedchya ujavikade aanee dernancourtchya samore 13 vya brigedche sainya mage padat hote. tyach sumaras, tatbandivaril tyachya ujavya bajuchya companyne eka sandesh pathavala, jyamadhye asey soochit kele gele qee german 47 vya bataliyanchya bhagat brigedchya ujavikade ghusale aahet aanee teey 47 vya bataliyanchya davya bhagacha kahee bhag tabyat ghet aahet. albert-emmens rastyalagatchya chaukyanchya maliketil tyachya sarvat uttarekadil kampaniviruddha germananni kelelya tapasala pratisad mhanoon, leenane lagechach tyachya rakheev companycha kahee bhag pioneer khandkatoon tyala balkat karnyasathi pathavala. 13 vya brigedchya bhagatil dhokyachi jaaniv karoon dett, leenane jawalchya 45 vya bataliyanche netrutva kaam mejar arther samuel elanla, tyachya batalianla tyaa sectorkade sectorkade rikt khandkankade pudhe nenyache aadesh dile. allon yaa aadeshanchi amalbajavani karat asatana, tyala galibrandkadoon done kampanya pioneer khandkakade pathvanyasathi parasparvirodhi aadesh midale. elenane leanchya aadeshanche shahanpan pahile aanee leancha pasantichi krutee sarvottam aahe heey brigade mejarala patvoon denyacha prayatna keela. taridekhil, elenla galibrandchya aadeshanchi amalbajavani karnyache nirdesh denyat aale. nantarchya ghatananmule heey siddha jhaale qee, jaminivaril sarvat anubhavi senapati asalyane, leanla 12 vya brigedchya sthanasathichya vastavik dhokyachi sarvat achook kalpana hotee.
12:15 varr, 47 vya bataliyanne german hallyala marg deela aanee tyanna mage takat unch maidanakade maghar ghetali, tevha tatbandivaril 48 vyachya done aaghadichya kampanya mage hatoo lagalya, jyamule sarvat uttarekadil company albert-emmens rastyajavalachya gallibhovati tyachya chaukyanmadhye rahili. tyanantar lagechach, uttarekadil companyla gallichya dakshinekadil aaplya jaaga mage ghenyas bhag padale gele. jevha tyane magharbaddal aikale, tevha leenane tyacha duyyam-inn-kamandala tee resha sthapit karnyasathi pathavala jee aata batalian tabyat thevanyacha prayatna karel. 13:30 paryant, 48 vya sainyane ajunahi albert-emines rastyajaval davya bajuchya chaukya dharalya hotya, parantu urvarit tukadine unchavaril pioneer khandkakade maghar ghetali hotee. davya bajuchya chaukya sumare 15:30 paryant mage ghenyat aalya navhatya. yaa velee, pratihalla karnyache aadesh denyat aale, jyat 13 vya brigedchya 49 vya bataliyancha samavesh hota, jee rakheev hotee, 12 vya brigedchya davya bajuchya vyatirikt serve tyachya pragatishi susangat hotee. hallyala pathimba denyasathi synclair-mcclagonla chaar upalabdh takya vaparaychya hotya, parantu brigade kamandaranni heey nakarle. deatoncha assa andaj aahe qee takya nakarane heey leanchya aagrahavar hote, jyane bullecortmadhye tyanchyakade itka nakaratmak drushtikon thewala hota. tyanantar synclair-mcclagonne assa yuktivad keela qee donhi brigedcha uddesh railway marg punha midvane haah asala pahije, parantu galibrandne yala virodh keela, jyala leancha pathimba hota, jyanchya matala too ajunahi khoop mahatva deto. tyanni assa yuktivad keela qee 12 vya brigedne fakt purvichi support line dongarachya khalee anshatah parat ghenyache lakshya thewale pahije. synclair-mcclagoncha drushtikon prabal hota, bahudha too uchch mukhyalayatil nirdeshannusar kaam karat hota. asey asoonahi, 12 vya brigedchya aaghadichya sainyacha commander mhanoon leenane punha ekada aapali majboot swatantra malika pradarshit kelee, tyaa aadeshanche ullanghan kele aanee pathbal khandak punha midvanyachya sainyachya mukhya prayatnanna nirdeshit kele.
parinami jhalelya pratihallache varnan beenane "austreliyan sainyane aataparyant kelelya sarvottam hallyanpaiki eka" asey kele. 49 vee batalian, tyachya davya bajula 45 vyachya done kampanya, 47 vyache avashesh aanee shevati punarrachit 48 vya tukadi asalelya reshene, 17:15 varr khoop judd lahan shastrastranchya golibarat pudhe gelee, parantu ratriparyant junya aadhar reshepeksha phaar qamee sthiteet pohochali navhati. 49 vya neey jawaljawal tyach sthitisathi ladha deela hota jyaa 45 vya neey tainat karave ashee leanla ichcha hotee, jevha tyachya aadeshancha galibrandchya aadeshanshi virodhabhas hota. ratrabhar basavaleli resha hii ekmev ashee hotee jee kharokharach sanrakshanatmak hotee. 12 vya brigedchya aaghadichya sainikanna 46 vya bataliyanne ratrabhar aaram deela aanee 7 april roji benjamin vibhagachya 6 vya brigedne sampoorn brigedla aaram deela. dernancortsathichya ladhatidarmyan, 48 vya bataliyanne aanakhi 4 adhikari aanee 77 sainik gamavale hote.
smarak lakud.
dernancourtnenter, 48 vya bataliyanne mage kooch kele aanee beaucart yethe rakheev resha sthapan karnyas suruvat kelee. 18 april roji, galibrandla aajari baher kadhanyat aale aanee tyachya jaagi brigade commander mhanoon kaam karnyasathi leanchi niyukti karnyat aalee. benjamin divashi tyanna tatpurati curnell padavar badhati denyat aalee. galibrandchya anupasthitit, eprilmadhye, tyane brigedla villers-bretonukes yethe tainat karnyat aale, jeey nuktech germanankadun punha tabyat ghenyat aale hote. shaharachya purvela aaghadila pudhe dhakalanyasathi, smarak lakadatil majboot german sthananvar kabja karane aavashyak hote, kaaran teey franco-russian yuddhachya smarkala lagoon hote. heey kaam 12 vya brigedla denyat aale aanee ladhai katheen asel heey jaanun, leenane, tyachya swatachya 48 vya batalianla sarvat aavhanatmak mohima denyachi tyachi nehmichi pratha lagoo kelee. dernancourt yetheel tivra ladhainantar, 48 vya kramankachya mothya sankhyene beparvaine naveen bharati karoon tyanna balkat karnyat aale hote. 3 meey roji 02:00 sathee hallyache niyojan karnyat aale hote aanee aashcharyachakit karnyasathi, divasa fakt lakadavar adhunmadhun golibar karayacha hota aanee hallyachya velee serve upalabdh bandukansah fakt done minitancha barrage hota. yaa ghatanet, brigade commander mhanoon leanchi pahili ladhai white jhaali, tofkhanyacha barrage khoop kamkuvat hota aanee lakdasamorchi taar kapanyat ayashasvi jhaala aanee sahayyak takya konatyahi parinamas ayashasvi tharalya. eka pakshane taratoon baher padoon lakadachya madhyabhagi asalelya shet imaratinmadhye 21 germananna pakadanyat yash midavale, parantu german pratihalla 12 adhikari aanee 143 itar padanchya nuksanasah, austreliyananna tyanchya suruvatichya reshet parat yenyas bhag padale, tarr german 10 adhikari aanee 136 purush marle gele.
brigade kamand.
22 meey roji leane 48 vya kramankavar paratala aanee padavar paratala, parantu eka aathvadyanantar tyala curnell mhanoon mothya pramanat badhati denyat aalee aanee 12 vya brigedche netrutva karnyasathi tatpurati brigadier general mhanoon badhati denyat aalee, kaaran galibrandla mejar general mhanoon badhati denyat aalee hotee aanee leenane vibhagache netrutva karnyasathi niyukt karnyat aale hote. karyavahak brigade commander asatana tyachya "lakshaniy kaushalya aanee kshamatesathi", leanchi french crocks dii guerrey puraskarasathi shifaras karnyat aalee hotee aanee pathvanyachya lekhanat sahavya velee tyacha ullekh karnyat aala hota. tyane padbhar swikaranyachya lagechach aadhi, upalabdh asalelya maryadit sankhyetil sainyabalasah, dernancourt yetheel 12 vya brigedla jhalelya nuksanisah aanee smarak lakudamule brigedchya eka bataliyanche vighatan aavashyak jhaale aanee 47 vya bataliyanchi nivad karnyat aalee. 25 teey 27 meey darmyan, tyachya manushyabalala brigedchya itar tukadyanmadhye samaan pramanat vibhagale gele.
tyanantar 8 august roji aminschya atyant yashasvi ladhait leenane tyachya brigedache netrutva kele, jyaa darmyan tyane chauthya vibhagache netrutva kele kaaran tyane benjamin aanee leenane vibhagatoon udee maroon dusari uddishte gathali, nauu adhikari aanee 212 itar padanche balee ghetale. dusare uddisht uddisht aanee thewale tukadyanni tabyat ghetale, ghetale tukadine 200 kaidi aanee 12 machinegans tisare lakshya tabyat ghetale. german general erich ludendorff yanni nantar emineschya ladhaiche varnan 'german sainyacha kaala divas' asey kele.
rakheev sthananvar vishranti ghetalyanantar, 18 september roji hindenberg chauki reshevaril hallyat 12 vee brigade aaghadivar hotee, pahilya tappyat 48 vya bataliyanne hallyache netrutva kele, tyanantar 45 vya bataliyanne dusare lakshya midavale. yaulat matey asoonahi, hallyacha tisra "shoshan" tappa gast ghalanyane sadhya honar nahee aanee tyasathi sampoorn tukadichya vachanbaddhatechi aavashyakta asel, heey leanchya lakshat aale aanee tyane yaa kamasathi 46 vaa tappa deela. 12 vya brigedchya ujavya bajula britishanni benjamin uddeshasathi jaast vilamb karoonahi, austreliyan leenane uddeshakade pudhe jaanyacha nirdhar karat asatana, leenane 46 vya bataliyanchya commanding officerla tyachya hallyababat atishay vishisht soochana dilya, jyat mothya kholvar hallah karane aanee tyachya ujavya bajuche sanrakshn karane samavisht hote. sumare sumare hallah german pratikarane rokhala hota, mhanoon ekada tyala haah ahwal midala qee, leane pudhe gela aanee tofkhanyachya pathimbyachi vyavastha karata yetach tyachya commanding commanding hallyache nutanikaran karnyache aavahan kele. aaplya manasanna thakwa aala aahe aanee tyanna vishranti aanee annachi garaj aahe asey sangoon, commanding commanding yaa drushtikonachya virodhat yuktivad keela. leenane heey sweekarle aanee nirnay ghenyat aala qee 23:00 varr hallyache nutanikaran kele jaeel. british pudhe jaanyat ayashasvi jhalyamule tyachya ughad ujavya bajubaddal chintit asalelya leenane, 48 vya bataliyanchya done companyanna vibhagiy seema olandun hallah karanyachi aanee british pahilya vibhagachya pudhil bhagatil eka tekadi tabyat ghenyachi tayari karnyache aadesh dile, parantu british vibhagiy commanderne aakshep ghetala tevha aadesh radd karava lagla. tyaeivaji, tyane done companyanna tyaa bajuche sanrakshn kaam sthiteet pudhe nele parantu tyachya brigedchya simechya aat.
tyaa ratri, thewale hallyala mothe yash midale, jyat sumare 550 kaidi marle gele. linene linene done companyanna companyanna adhipatyakhali sthan ektrikaranat madat karnyasathi thewale. thewale tukadicha aanee tyachya davya bajula bajula tukadicha hallah haah eka 'vilakshan dhadsi hallah' hota, joou binanusar, paschim aaghadivar kvachitach sadhya keela gela aanee keval austreliyan corps frontwer hallyache tisare uddisht sadhya jhaale. ujavya bajuchya britishanni varanvar sangitale qee tyanni tisare lakshya dekhil midavale aahe, parantu sampark sadhanyasathi gast pathvat, zukun haah ahwal chukicha asalyache patkan siddha jhaale. nantar asey aadhalun aale qee jyala hindenberg chauki marg mhanoon sambodhale jaat hote, teey pratyakshat mukhya german sthan mhanoon thewale jaat hote. heey yash midvanyat tyane brigedche 19 adhikari aanee 282 sainik jakhami jhaale hote. tyanantar chauthya vibhagala aaram midala aanee too vishrantisathi mage gela. 11 november 1918 chya yuddhaviramapurvi brigade ladhaisathi paratali nahee.
yuddh sampalyanantar, leenane eka mahinyasathi chauthya vibhagache senapati mhanoon kaam kele, kahee sutty ghetali, satvyanda pathvanyat ullekh keela gela aanee tyala french crocks dii guerrey dekhil denyat aala. eprilmadhye, tyane tyane brigedche netrutva karane bund kele, kaaran purushanna austreliyala parat pathavalyamule teey benjamin brigedmadhye villin karnyat aale hote. tyanantar leane united kingdamla gela, jithe tyala general officer commanding nam. salisburychya maidani bhagavar 4 gut adthala, jyachi parat yenyat mahattvachi bhoomika hotee. junmadhye tyala snan kramvaricha sathidar banavanyat aale. puraskarasathichya shifarashi pudhilpramane aaheth 
julaimadhye, aathvya aanee akherchya velee pathavalelya sandeshanmadhye tyacha ullekh karnyat aala. septembermadhye tyane adthala nirman kartana aapali kartavye sodali aanee austreliyala paratanyas suruvat kelee. austreliyachya adhikrut itihasat, '1914-1918 chya yuddhat', 'austreliyan itihasatil sarvat prasiddha sainik kutumbacha pramukh', 'ladhau general' 'utkrusht', 'aii. aay. eff. madheel aaghadicha ladhau neta', 'visheshtah shant aanee baljabaricha aanee gambhir senapati' aanee 'mahan neta' mhanoon leanche varnan beenane kele aahe. eka vicharshil neta, charitryachi mothee takad aanee kartvyachi uchch bhavna asalela, ashee tyanchi pratishtha hotee. krutimadhye too hota... aprapya aanee dhokyapasun befikir ". pahilya mahayuddhat seva seva leanchya chaar bhavanpaiki done marle gele. tyachya sahaa putanyannihi seva kelee, tyapaiki done marle gele. jhukalele heey deshatil sarvat pratishthit ladhvayya kutumbanpaiki eka banale aanee tyanna 'sambhavyateche ladhvayye jhukalele' mhanoon olakhale jaat asey.
police aayukt.
18 aktoobar 1919 roji leane edeleidmadhye utarala aanee 3 janewari 1920 roji samanya pratyarpan prakriyenusar, aii. aay. eff. madheel tyachi niyukti sampushtat aalee. yuddhadarmyan tyala midalelya sajavativyatirikt, tyala '1914-15' taara, british yuddh padak aanee vijay padak dekhil denyat aale. paradeshat tainat asatana, tyanna shantikalin nagrik dalanmadhye leftnunt karnalchya brewett padavar badhati denyat aalee hotee. 20 janewari 1920 roji tyanna brigadier-generalchya manad padasah karnalchya moolbhut padavar, "karnalchya sthapanesathi atirikt" mhanoon padonnati denyat aalee. 13 meey 1920 roji, thomas edwardschya jaagi 1 julaipasoon leane heey dakshin austreliyache pudhil police aayukt asateel, ashee ghoshana karnyat aalee. leanchi niyukti varishtha police police aashcharyakarak hotee, jyanna, dirghakalin vyavasthechya aadhare, aayuktanchi niyukti dalatoon kelee jaeel ashee apeksha hotee. tyaa velee, leanche varnan tyachya netrutvakhali seva seva sainikanni eka 'utkrusht sahkari' mhanoon kele hote aanee asey disun aale qee 'chaturya aanee drudh nirnay' hii tyachya charitryachi utkrusht vaishishtye hotee. 29 juuna roji jevha police sanghatanechi, jee dalache pratinidhitva karat hotee, baithak jhaali, tevha leanchya niyuktivar muktapane charcha jhaali aanee eka sanstha mhanoon, teey aayukt mhanoon bahereel vyaktichya niyuktila virodh karat asale taree, teey tyachyashi eknishth rahtil assa nirnay ghenyat aala. vividh takrarinvar charcha karnyasathi aanee sudharana suchavanyasathi, leanla sevechya pratyek shakhechya pratinidhinna lavkarat lavkar bhetanyas sanganyacha nirnayahi baithakit ghenyat aala.
julai 1920 madhye, leanchi 19 vya anshakalik payadal brigedche netrutva karnyasathi niyukti karnyat aalee, jyat edelidecha mahanagar kshetra aanee dakshin austreliyachya aagney jilhyancha samavesh hota aanee too shantikalin lashkari sanrachanecha bhag hota. tyach varshi, governor-generalche 'sahayyak-daad-camp' mhanoon tyanchi niyukti karnyat aalee. pudhchya varshi meey mahinyat, nagrik dalanchya punarrachanecha eka bhag mhanoon, tyanchi leenane payadal brigedchya netrutvasathi niyukti karnyat aalee. december 1922 madhye police dalavaril leanchya varshik ahwalala pratisad detana, 'register' vruttapatrane asey nirikshan nondavale qee leenane 'tyachya niyuktibaddalachya konatyahi khedbhavna, jee bahutek vela, dalatil sadasyanmadhye astitvat hotee, tee door kelee' aanee tyane tyachya kathor nihpakshapatipana, vichar aanee nyayachya bhavnene tyancha aadar jinkla hota. tyanchya niyuktipasoon gelya done varshant police sevechya sthiteet lakshaniy sudharana jhaali asalyachehi tyat mhatale aahe.
juuna 1923 madhye, linane austreliyan lebber party (ell. pii.) vruttpatra 'daad delly herald' chey sampadak harry nibon yanchyavirodhat manhanicha khatala dakhal keela. tyaa varshi marchmadhye wingfield yethe leenane payadal brigedchya varshik chhavanichya aayojanabaddal, jyachya adhyakshasthani leane hota, gudghyachya boline leanchya pratishthela dhakka deela hota, assa aarop yaa khatalyat karnyat aala hota. yaa vruttapatrane yaa shibirache varnan 'bekaydeshirpanache prajnan sthal' asey kele hote, shisticha abhav hota aanee ann aanee nivasachi sthitee itar goshtimbarobarach kharab hotee assa dawa keela hota. vakeel aanee aalp sansadeche sadasya biil denny yanni gudghyachya bajuche pratinidhitva kele. prativadiviruddha 'prathamdarshani' khatala asalyache nishchit karnyat aale aanee heey prakaran octobermadhye sarvoch nyayalayat sunavanisathi niyojit hote, parantu nirnayak mandal nirnayavar yeu shakale nahee aanee tyanna fetalanyat aale. novembermadhye heey prakaran radd karnyat aale.
julai 1923 paryant, "jahiratdar" vruttpatra vrutt dett hote qee, teen varshanchya tyanchya karyakalat leanchya drushtikonamule dakshin austreliya polisanchya prashasanat lakshaniy badal jhaala aahe, jyamadhye spasht kele gele aahe qee leenane padonnatisathicha aadhar mhanoon jyeshthatva dile aahe, guna aanee karyakshamatechya jaagi, tasech lokanshi vyavhar kartana sahanubhooti aanee kaushalyache guna pradarshit kaam umedvaranchi nivad kelee aahe. februwari 1925 madhye, leenane austreliyatil aaspaschya police aayuktanchi parishad edelide yethe aayojit kelee hotee. leenane anzack day aanee smaran deane yasarkhya smaranarth upkramanna sakriyapane pathimba deela aanee smarakanchya anavaranala upasthit rahile. april 1926 madhye, leenane leenane payadal brigedachi kamaan sodali aanee tyala jodalya gelelya yadeet thevanyat aale. 1905 pasoonchya tyanchya lashkari sevesathi tyanna svayamsevak svayamsevak sanmanahi denyat aala hota.
1926-1927 madhye, sattebajanni polisanchya sadasyanna laach dilyache shahee aayog aayojit kele gele, jyamadhye asey aadhalun aale qee done guptaher aanee anek sadhya kapadyanche hawaldar laach ghenyachya gunhyat doshi asanyachi shakyata aahe. shahee aayogachya ahavalacha vichar kelyanantar, leenane swatacha ahwal sarkarla sadar keela, jyamadhye tyane tyachya nishkarshanchya aspasht swarupavar teeka kelee aanee kahee polisanni laach sweekarli asavi heey manya kartana, bhrashtachar vyapak nahee asey tyanni thampane sangitale. eka guptaher aanee teen havaldaranna rajinama denyachi sandhee denyat aalee aanee tyanni too swikarla aanee aanakhi eka sadhya kapadyanchya hawaldarala ganveshat parat pathvanyat aale. shahee aayogachya kalat, itar anek sadhya kapadyanchya havaldaranni rajinama deela hota. aayogacha nikal lagnyapurvi, leane yanni mukhya sachiv, jeey polisansathi jababdar asalele mantri hote, james jailey yanna shifaras kelee qee, polisanchi sadhya kapadyanchi shakha radd kelee jaavi aanee ganveshdhari havaldaranna aavashyakatenusar tyaa kartvyanmadhye firavale jaave. tyanchi shifaras manya karnyat aalee. janewari 1927 madhye, leancha mehuna louis leburn smith yane tayar keleli rachana edelide yetheel rashtriy yuddh smarkasathi nivadanyat aalee. 1928 chya suruvatila, leane sansthecha sadasya jhaala aanee mrut majee sainikanchya aashritanna madat karnyasathi sthapan kelelya edelidechya varsa mandalache udghatan adhyaksh jhaale.
september 1928 madhye, leane yanni bandaravaril adelide ghatanvar kaam karnyasathi aanalelya bigger-union strikebreakerna, tatbandicha samavesh asalelya audhyogik puraskaravaril vadala talhanyasathi, polis sanrakshn pradan kele. vadachya suruvatila ashantata nasatanahi, leenane polis karvayanvar vaiyaktikaritya dekhrekh thevanyachya maryadeparyant majal marley. heey prakaran sodavanyasathi communist antargat unionchya charchet hastakshep karat aahet asha soochana hotya. eka aathvadyanantar, bigger-sangh kamgaranchya nirantar rojgaramule rojgaramule lakshaniy hinsachar jhaala. 27 septemberchya sakali, 4,000 teey 5,000 sanghvadyancha aanee itarancha jamav bandaravaril adelide ghatanvarun, jahajanvar chadhun aanee hallekhoranna jakhami karoon dhamkavat gela. tyaa dupari, tethe kaam kaam strikebreakercha samna karnyasathi 2,000 lokanchya jamavane poort edelidepasoon bahya bandarakade kooch kele. leenane keval eka nirikshakasah netyanna bhetale aanee tyanna ghaat parisarat pravesh karnyapasoon rokhanyacha prayatna keela. tyaeivaji, gardi bandarakade pudhe sarkat gelee. parantu leane, tyache nirikshak aanee sumare 150 ghodeswar aanee padari polisanni tabadtob imaratinmadhil gardila todanyachi yojana aakhali, nantar khulya vatpane tyateel mothya bhagala vedha ghatala. kahee kaal teey thapp rahile, parantu akheris jamav vikhurla gela kaaran tyanna konatyahi strikebreaker kinwa teey kaam karat asalelya jahajankade jaata aale nahee. yuniyanvadyanni anek police aanee polisanchya ghodyanvar hallah keela hota, jamavakadun mothya pramanat dagadfek jhaali hotee aanee polisanni kahee vela tyanchya lathicha muktapane vapar keela hota. tyaa divashichya ghatananche varnan 'nond' madhye 'rajyachya itihasat kadachit samantar nasalele' asey kele gele hote.
pudhil aathvadyachya shevati, sumare 1,000 swayamsevakanni nagrik sanrakshn dalacha bhag mhanoon shapath ghetali, leanchya vinantivarun jalsima vivad hatalanyasathi polisanchi sankhya vadhavanyasathi vishesh havaldaranche eka dall ubhe karnyat aale. hii brigade killyachya mothya killyanvar aadharit hotee aanee tee seva rifles aanee beyonets susajj hotee. kayada aanee suvyavastha rakhanyasathi yaa purushanna tatadine ghatanvar tainat karnyat aale. vadadarmyan, leane bandaratil eka karyalayat zopala jenekarun too konatyahi aapatkalin paristhitila samore jaanyasathi upalabdh asel. bahutek ananubhavi svayamsevakanna beyonetne shastrasajj karnyachya leanchya nirnayavar nantar sansadet teeka jhaali. 14 janewari 1929 roji poort edelide yethe mothya pramanat gondhal houn, anek jann jakhami jhaale aanee 17 janewari roji aanakhi eka jakhami jhaala, tyamule vaad suruch rahila. 1930 salaparyant, bigger-sangh kamgaranvaril gondhal aanee hallyanna tond denyasathi ghatanvar lakshaniy polis upasthiti aavashyak hotee aanee anek prasangi tethe polis karvayanvar vaiyaktik dekhrekh thevanyacha odha jhukala hota.
november 1928 madhye, linche done mulge, leonel aanee geophrey, ghudsavar polisat sameel jhaale hote. 1931 madhye, 'daad mail' vruttapatrane leanchya aayukt mhanoon akra varshanvaril eka tejaswi lekh prakashit keela, jyat tyane dalat aanalelya shist aanee karyakshamatechi prashansa kelee aanee tyache varnan 'kharaa ladhvayya' aanee 'manvi neta' mhanoon kele, joou 'kadhihi ekhadya vyaktila too swatah jeey karnar nahee teey karnyas sangat nahee. pudhil varshi, adhik uchch prashikshit purushanchi bharati karnyasathi, leenane 15-17 varshatil police cadetschee sainyat bharati kelee. itar serve goshti samaan asateel tarr parat aalelya mrut sainikanchya mulanna cadetshipsathi pradhanya dile jaeel, asey tyanni spasht kele. 1934 madhye, 17 teey 20 vayogatatil tarunansathi parivikshadhin polis prashikshan suru karoon leenane yaa yojnevar kaam kele. leane mahila polis lashkari bhoomikesathi vakeel dekhil hotee aanee eka mahilela dalatil mahila sadasyanchya niyantranat aananari tee pahili hotee. 1934 madhye tyanni police kutryanchi sevet pravesh keela aanee pudhchya varshi tyanni 1862 pasoon kartvyavar asatana maran pavalelya police lashkari smarakache anavaran kele. 1935 madhye dekhil, laine yanni vahtook apghatanmadhye yogdan denare jokhim ghatak nirdharit karnyasathi aanee police vahtook amalbajavanichya karyat anukool honyasathi deshvyapi yojana prastavit kelee aanee darmyanchya kalat dakshin austreliyamadhye assa karyakram rabavala. 1936 madhye, leanchya charitratmak rekhachitrat namood kele hote qee too shantatecha nyay hota, edelide yetheel rashtrakul clubcha adhyaksh hota, sarvajanik prashasana sansthechya dakshin austreliyan shakhecha adhyaksh hota aanee tyala mageel varshi king george wii. raupya mahotsavi padakane sanmanit karnyat aale hote.
1937 madhye, leanla aurder auph seent johncha adhikari karnyat aale aanee tyala king george sahava rajyabhishek padakahi midale. tyach varshi tyanni police dalat rediochi suruvat karnyapurvi police police morse kodache prashikshan suru kele. 1938 madhye vayachya 60 vya varshi leanla lashkari lashkari nivrutt yadeet thevanyat aale. sansadechya eka kayadyane tyanchi polisatil seva vadhavanyat aalee, jyamule tyanna vayachya 65 vya varshaparyant seva karanyachi parvanagi midali. vahtook apghatambaddal leanchi satatchi chinta aanee tyanchya parinamanvar tyanchya karyalayat thevalelya nakashadvare prakash takala gela, jyavar serve apghat chinhankit kele gele hote. april 1939 madhye, europemadhil yuddhachya dhokyaas, leane antargat suraksha, asurakshit thikananche sanrakshn, nagri loksankhyevar niyantran, guptachar, shatru nagri vimananna tabyat ghene, nagri uddan aanee havai tapasani sevechya sevechya rajya aapatkalin nagri sanrakshn parishadecha sadasya banala.
tyach varshi, dusare mahayuddha suru jhalyanantar, leenane nagri aanibanichya prakarananmadhye twarit pratisad denyachya garjevar bharr dett, polisanmadhye redio sampreshan suru karnyache samarthan kele. 18 juuna 1940 roji, leane yanchi dakshin austreliyatil return andd services leag-organized volunteer defence corps (vhee. dii. see.) chey commander mhanoon niyukti karnyat aalee, jee united kingadammadhil hoome gardsarkhich eka sanstha aahe. done aathvadyanchya aat, pahilya mahayuddhat parat aalelya 2,000 hoon adhik sainikanni vhee. dii. see. madhye navanondani kelee hotee. yuddh suru honyachya pratisadat, julai 1940 paryant leenane pachvya stambhatil ghatakanpasun asurakshit thikane aanee udhyoganche rakshan karnyasathi 3,000 vishesh constablanchya shapathavidhila adhikrut kele hote. 19 aktoobar roji, leenane 5,000 hoon adhik vhee. dii. see. sadasyanchya sanchalanache netrutva kele, jyat 2,000 sadasyancha samavesh hota, jyanni grameen bhagatoon pravas keela hota. februwari 1941 paryant, vhee. dii. see. chee sankhya 8,000 purushanparyant vadhali hotee. benjamin mahayuddhachya kalat, dakshin austreliya heey ekmev rajya hote jyane polisanchya sadasyanna sashastr dalat bharati honyachi parvanagi dilee hotee, parantu japanane yuddhat pravesh kelyanantar, polisanchi sankhya rakhanyachya garjemule heey mage ghenyat aale. julai 1943 madhye, leanchi vhee. dii. see. commander mhanoon niyukti baaraa mahinyansathi vadhavanyat aalee, jaree too samanya lashkari nivruttiche vay 65 paryant pohochala hota. 30 juuna 1944 roji, leane police aayukt mhanoon nivrutt jhaala aanee tyachya jaagi william francis johns, eka sevarat adhikshak, neey badalanyat aala.
nivrutti.
police aayukt mhanoon leanchya nivruttinantar, tyanni vhee. dii. see. sobatche tyanche kaam kahee kaal chaloo thewale, 30 julai 1944 roji rajinama deela. 24 varshanchya kalavadhit police aayukt mhanoon tyanni kelelya sevesathi tyanna 1945 chya rajachya vadhadivsachya sanmanarth nitechi padvi denyat aalee. benjamin mahayuddhadarmyan vhee. dii. see. sobat kelelya sevesathi tyanna yuddh padak 1939-1945 aanee austreliya seva padak 1939-1945 denyat aale. 1946 madhye teey rajya udarmatvadi pakshache agradoot asalelya puranmatvadi udarmatvadi aanee country leegchya plympton shakheche udghatan adhyaksh jhaale. too darvarshi edelide anzack day marchche netrutva karat rahila aanee 7 september 1946 roji austreliyache governor-general, prince heinry, duke auph glocester yanni tyala nitechi padvi dilee.
tyanchya nivruttinantar tyanchya police cadett pranalila radd karanyachi parvanagi denyat aalee, parantu 1957 madhye aayukt jhalelya johnn mackinna yaa aanakhi eka majee sainikane tee punha suru kelee. teey ardhvel sainikatva tasech sarvatrik lashkari prashikshanachya pranaliche prabal samarthak rahile. 25 juuna 1962 roji dow park yetheel retectation general rugnalayat, tyachya mrutyuparyant, leane edelidemadhye rahila, tyachya mrutyuchya done aathvadyanpurvi too aanee tyachi patni tyanchya tyanchya lagnacha vardhapandin sajra karat hote. tyala shatvarshik udyan smashanbhumit daphan karnyat aale aanee tyachya pashchat tyachi patni edith aanee paach mule aanee eka mulgi ashee sahaa mule hotee. tyacha mulga geophrey haah mulat eka ghodeswar police hota, nantar eka guptaher hota, leftnunt curnell hota aanee benjamin mahayuddhadarmyan pathvanyat donada tyacha ullekh hota, nantar too polis nirikshak jhaala aanee 1959 teey 1972 paryant upayukt hota. tyacha navacha mulga, jyala leonel mhanoon olakhale jaate, too guptaher sargent jhaala. dusra mulga, benjamin, benjamin mahayuddhadarmyan warrant adhikari hota aanee japani yuddhakaidi mhanoon jiwant rahila.
tyachya mrutyuchi batami midalyavar, mackinna mhanala qee leane haah "eka mahan manus aanee eka utkrusht sainik" hota, joou "sadhyachya police dalacha kharokhar pita hota, kaaran police aayukt mhanoon tyachya karyakalat tyane sampoorn dalachi punarrachana kelee". teey asehi mhanale qee, "yaa dalala aata tyachya punarrachanecha aanee tyane sadar kelelya anek naveen pranali aanee sudharanancha laabh milat hota". tyane asey nirikshan nondavale qee leane "nehmich eka kathor shistpriy hota parantu tyachya serve vyavharanmadhye too pramanikpane nyayya hota". dakshin austreliyache pantpradhan surr thomas playford mhanale qee, leane heey "pahilya mahayuddhatil mahan senapatinpaiki eka hote aanee tyanni anek varshe police aayukt mhanoonahi ullekhaneey kshamatene kaam kele hote".

