
arab jagatil uchch shikshan

arab jagatil uchch shikshan heey anivarya nasalele, aupcharik shikshan aahe jeey bavis arab rajyanmadhye madhyamik shikshananantar hote.
arab jagaat ii. sha. chya dahavya shatkat sthapan jhalelya all-azhar vidyapithache jagatil sarvat junya vidyapithanpaiki eka aahe.eae. kairomadhye. suruvatila islami kayada aanee dharamshastracha abhyas karnyasathi purushansathi eka kendra mhanoon sthapan kelele all-azhar aata purush aanee mahila yaa doghannahi anek shaikshanik vishay pradan karate.
all-azhar bajula saroon, arab jagatil samkalin uchch shikshan bahudha ekonisavya shatkachya suruvatila europe aanee americene sthapan kelelya vasahatvadi aanee missionary vidyapithanmadhye shodhale jaate. yaa sanstha sankhyemadhye qamee hotya aanee mothya shaharanmadhye rahana uchchavargiy vyaktinpurati pravesh maryadit hota. yaa pradeshatil uchch shikshanat natakiyaritya vaadh jhaali aahe aanee vasahatvadi kalat aanee visheshtah visavya shatkachya madhyapasoon tyachya suruvatipasun anek badal anubhavale aahet. jaree arab jagatil pratyek deshatil uchch shikshan kshetranmadhye lakshaniy farak asale taree, jagatikikaranachya shaktinna navigate karane aanee pravesh aanee laingik samanata vadhavanyache prayatna yasah kahee samanya cull spasht aahet. lakshaniy badal hounahi, arab vidyapithanna pramukh jaagtik vidyapith-kramvari pranalinkadun tulanene qamee moolyamapan milat aahe.
samkalin itihas.
visavya shatkachya madhyaparyant, yaa pradeshat daha vidyapithe astitvat hotee, jyat american university auph berut (tevha syrian protestant college mhanoon olakhale jaanare), university auph seent joseph inn berut, kairo university (tevha egyptian university mhanoon olakhale jaanare), algeria vidyapith aanee damask vidyapith (tevha syrian university mhanoon olakhale jaanare) yancha samavesh hota. adhikrut european vasahatvadacha hasad aanee tisya mahayuddhanantar arab deshanchya swatantryasaha, uchch shikshan sanstha aanee vidyarthyanchi nondani zapatyane vadhali. swatantryapurvichya sanstha pramukhyane khajgi aanee paradeshi sanchalit hotya, tarr swatantryanantarchi vidyapithe pramukhyane sarvajanik, sarkari sanstha hotee. yaa kalat shaikshanik shakhanmadhye eka spasht padanukram vikasit karnyat aala; madhyamik shalet uchch shreni asalelya vidyarthyanna vidnyan shakhanmadhye pravesh denyat aala, tarr "kamkuvat" vidyarthyanna samajik vidnyan, manaviki aanee islami abhyasat thevanyat aale.
anek arab deshanmadhil asthirata, jagatikikaran aanee sarvasadharan aarthik mandimule 1980 chya dashakapasun uchch shikshanat sudharanavadi cull suru jhaala aanee too aajahi suru aahe. vividh hitdharkanmadhye (sarkare, sthanik aanee paradeshi sanstha, vidyarthi, nagrik) vividh sudharana chalvalinvar charcha kelee jaate aanee pratyek arab deshatil bhinn vaishishtye sweekarli jaatat. yaa (nehmich yashasvi naan jhalelya) sudharana aanee kalanmadhye vadhanare khajgikaran, adhik praveshasathichi magani, samajachya maganya purn karnyasathi vidyapithanchi kshamata sudharane, shaikshanik "utpadananchi" kamgar bajarachya garjanshi julavane aanee spardhatmak jaagtik shaikshanik bajarpethesathi vataghati karane yancha samavesh aahe.
visavya shatkachya shevatchya varshanpasun arab jagaat uchch shikshanat prachand vaadh jhaali aahe. vidyarthyanchi nondani 1998/99 madheel andaje 30 laakh vidyarthyanvarun 2007/08 madheel sumare 7.5 laakh vidyarthyanparyant vadhali aahe, tarr tyach kalavadhit vidyapithanchi sankhya jawaljawal tippat vadhali aahe. jaree deshandarmyan lakshaniy farak disun yet asale taree yaa pradeshatil uchch shikshanamadhye khasgikaran vadhanyachya dishene cull disun aala aahe; bahreen, lebnon, oman, palestine aanee yuu. aii. eae. madhye khajgi vidyapithanmadhye nondani kelelya vidyarthyanchi sarvadhik takkewari (50 takkyanhun adhik) aahe, tarr iraq, libia, morokko aanee sudanmadhye khajgi vidyapithanmadhye nondanichi sarvat qamee takkewari (20 takke kinwa tyapeksha qamee) aahe.
aaj vidyapithanmadhye, islami abhyas, samajik vidnyan aanee manaviki samanyatah arabi bhashet shikavale jaatat, tarr 'haard' vidnyan, tantradnyan aanee aushadh heey sahasa ingraji kinwa frenchmadhye (purvichya vasahatvadi shaskanvar aadharit) shikavale jaatat. vividh bolki bolibhashanchya ulat arabi bhashetil shikshan jawaljawal purnapane aadhunik manak arabi bhashet dile jaate. kahee deshanni arabi bhashetil shikshanache praman vadhavanyasathi dhorane prastavit kelee aahet-aanee vividh pramanat, adhiniyamit kelee aahet. uchch shikshanache heey tathakathit 'arabikaran' haah eka atyant vadgrast muddah aahe joou vividh arab deshanmadhil vividh rajkiy aanee sanskrutik vadavivadanni bharala aahe.
jagatikikaran.
jasjase jug adhikadhik ekmekanshi jodale jaat aahe, tasatase dnyan-aadharit jaagtik arthvyavasthet nagarikanna spardha karnyasathi tayar karnyache aavashyak sadhan mhanoon shikshan heey anekanni olakhale aahe. uchch shikshanat, jagatikikaran aanee vadhatya aantar-sampark vividh kalanmadhye disun yetat, jase qee tyanchya mool deshabaheril vidyapithanmadhun padvi midvananya vidyarthyanchi vadhati sankhya, visheshtah yuu. ess. madheel vidyarthyanchi vadhati sankhya.ess.jeey "paradeshat abhyas" karyakram, aantarrashtriy "shakha" parisarancha uday, aantarrashtriy pradhyapakanchi upasthiti aanee jaagtik uchch shikshan kramvari pranalimadhye sahbhagi hotat. jagbharatil jagatikikaranachya dhorananmule uchch shikshan kshetrache eksandharan vadhat aahe, kaaran sarkare aanee sanstha jaagtik manakanchi purtata karnyacha prayatna karatat. yavyatirikt, kahee vidvananni assa yuktivad keela aahe qee vadhatya jagatikikaranamule pratyakshat samrajyavadache samkalin swaroop nirman jhaale aahe, jyamadhye prabhavi rashtranni durbal rashtranvar aarthik aanee sanskrutik niyam aanee pravachan ladale aahet.
alikadachya varshant, jaagtik vyapar sanghataneche (doubleu. tii. oo.) sadasya desh uchch shikshan kshetrat sevanchya (gats) vyaparavaril samanya kararachya vaparavar charcha karat aahet. yaa mukt vyapar dhoranacha parinam asha sansthankadun midavalelya padvichya manyatesah bigger-rashtriy shikshan pradatyanchya sthitivar hoto aanee tyacha parinam shikshanachya pravesh aanee gunavattevar, aarthik vikasavar aanee navkalpananvar hoto. doubleu. tii. oo. chey arab sadasya gut aanee shaikshanik sevanchya mukt vyaparashi sambandhit vyapar kararanvar vataghati karnyas sankoch karat aahet (jaree anek arab desh paradeshi sansthanna tyanchya simepalikade kaam karanyachi parvanagi detat). shikshanachya mukt vyaparachya virodhakanni samayik kelelya chintanpaiki eka mhanje, aantar-rashtriy sansthanshi aarthikdrushtya spardha karoo naan shakanari rashtriy vidyapithe gut upekshit kinwa nasht karanyachi shakyata; bigger-rashtriy sansthanchya udayamule shikshanachya sthanik sanskrutik pailunche uchchatan hoil; aanee mukt-vyapar shaikshanik vatavaran uchch shikshanachi upalabdhata qamee karel aanee eka "abhijat pranali" banel."darmyan, gatche samarthak assa yuktivad karatat qee mukt vyapar dhoranamule karyakshamta vadhel, shaikshanik karyakram sudhartil aanee vidyarthyansathi kharch qamee hoil.
 pertian aakhatatil arab rajye-bahreen, kuwet, oman, katar, saudi arabia aanee sanyukt arab amirati-yanni uchch shikshanache 'pashchatya' model kadachit itar konatyahi arab deshapeksha jaast sweekarle aahe. katar aanee yuu. aii. eae. sarkhya deshanmadhye, haah alingan anek paradeshi "shakha" parisar, visheshtah katarmadhil shaikshanik shahar aanee dubai shaikshanik shaharatoon pratibimbit hote. serve aantarrashtriy shakha sankulanpaiki andaje eka trutiyansh arabi jagaat aahet, jyat bahusankhya pertian aakhat pradeshat aahet-aanee visheshtah katar aanee yuu. aii. eae. madhye aahet. paradeshi shakha parisarachya vadhiche eka kaaran mhanje arab netyanchi ichchhashakti aanee prakalpanmadhye mothya pramanat paise guntavanyachi kshamata. vadhatya tarun loksankhyela shaikshanik paryay upalabdh karoon denyachi garaj, jee tyanna jaagtik, dnyan-aadharit arthvyavasthet yashasvi honyasathi tayar karel, ashee itar mahattvachi karane vidvananni yaa pravruttisathi olakhali aahet. kuvetmadhye sarkari sanstha nivadanyasathi maryadit paryay aahet, parantu khajgi vidyapithanchi vistrut shreni aahe. kuvetmadhil hii khajgi vidyapithe prabhavi parisar, payabhoot suvidha aanee aadhunik suvidhansah aahet. heey serve vegane vadhat aahet, vyavsayik sansthanchya malakiche aahet, sthanik vidyarthyanvar laksh kendrit karatat aanee kahee pramanat pashchatya vidyapithanshi sanlagn aahet. matra, teey jaagtik kramvarit chhap padnyat apayashi tharatat. khajgi vidyapith parishad (pii. yuu. see.) hii sarkari sanstha aahe jee kuvetmadhil khajgi vidyapithanvar niyantran thevate. baharinmadhil vidyapithe arab jagatil avval sthanavar pohochu shakat naheet. pertian aakhatatil arab rajyanmadhil rajkiy nete sthanik sansthanshi spardha karnyasathi aanee tyanchya shaikshanik karyakramanmadhil truti bharoon kadhanyasathi vishesh 'pashchatya' vidyapithancha vapar karat aahet. aanee jaree pertian aakhati deshahi vadhatya pramanat tyanchya nagarikanna abhyasasathi paradeshat pathvat asale, taree shakha sankulanni tyaa vidyarthyanna adhik paryay pradan kele jeey vividh karananmule-abhyasasathi paradeshat jaau shakat naheet.
samkalin, jagatikikrut yugat vidyarthyanna prabhavipane prashikshit karnyasathi arab uchch shikshan sansthanni sambodhit karane aavashyak aahe asha anek kshetranvar cassidy prakash takte, jyat naveen tantradnyanacha prabhavipane vapar karanyachi kshamata, jaagtik staravar sahkarya karanyachi kshamata aanee ichcha aanee badalatya paristhitishi julavun ghenyachi lavchikta yancha samavesh aahe. jagbharatil vidyapithanni sarvatrik manke aanee mapdand vikasit karavet qaa, assa prashna vicharoon kahee vidwan aanee shikshakanni sanvad aanakhi pudhe dhakalala aahe. kahee shikshak assa yuktivad karatat qee pramanikaranamule vidyapithanna shaikshanik "roadmap" vikasit karnyat madat hoil, tarr itaranche mhanane aahe qee vividhikaran hii uchch shikshanachi eka mothee takad aahe aanee ashee jaagtik manke vikasit kelee jaau shakatat yabaddal shanka dekhil aahe; darmyan, itar shaikshanik vyavsayikancha assa yuktivad aahe qee jaagtik kramvari pranali aadhich jaagtik pramanikaran bhoomika purn karoo lagalya aahet.
laingik samanata aanee pravesh.
uchch shikshanatil laingik samanata deshanusar badalate aanee kalantarane badalali aahe. bhandari aanee all-ameen yanni saat arab deshanchya (jorden, lebnon, morokko, katar, saudi arabia, tunicia, yuu. aii. eae.) abhyasat sanshodhakanna asey aadhalale qee uchch shikshanatil navanondanimadhye purush aanee mahilancha pratyeki 50 takke vaataa aahe. tathapi, vidyapithanmadhye lakshaniy farak aahet; udaharanarth, pertian aakhati deshanmadhil mojakich vidyapithe ekach lingasathi (keval purush kinwa keval mahila) niyukt kelee jaatat aanee tyamule mahilanchi nondani shoonya (keval purush) teey 100 takke (keval mahila) paryant asate. kahee vidyapithe, visheshtah saudi arabiamadhye, purush aanee mahila doghannahi pravesh detat parantu pratyek lingasathi swatantra parisar aahet, tarr itar vidyapithe donhi linganna ekach parisarat parvanagi detat parantu tyanna vegvegalya varganmadhye shikavatat. yaa abhyasat vishleshan kelelya vidyapithanpaiki sumare 85 takke vidyapithe purnapane saha-shaikshanik aahet. sanshodhakanni nondani aanee saha-shikshanachya babatit laingik samanatechi sarvoch patali asalele desh mhanoon morokko aanee lebnonchi olakh patavali.
bahreen, egypt, jorden, morokko aanee saudi arabia yancha abhyas karananya eka vegalya abhyasat kirdarne assa yuktivad keela aahe qee arab vidyapithanmadhye mahilanchi mothya sankhyene nondani asoonahi-tasech europe aanee yuu. ess. madhye shikananya anek arab mahilanni.ess. pitrusattak nirbandhanmule anek mahilanna uchch patalichya shikshanacha samajik aanee rajkiy adhikarat samavesh karnyapasoon rokhale gele aahe. itar vidvanannihi ashach prakare nondavale aahe qee trutiyak shikshanamule mahilancha sahbhag kinwa rajkaranat kinwa karyabalat uchch staravar yash milane aavashyak nahee.
kahee vidvananna ashihi chinta aahe qee, bahutek arab jagaat tulanene mothya sankhyene nondani karat asatana, qalaa, manaviki, shikshan aanee nursing yasarkhya kshetranmadhye mahilanche pratinidhitva jaast aahe aanee vyavsayik aanee vaidnyanik kshetranmadhye tyanche pratinidhitva qamee aahe. udaharanarth, egyptmadhye, qalaa, manaviki aanee shikshan yaa kshetratil ekoon nondanipaiki andaje 72 takke mahila aahet, tarr abhiyantrikimadhil ekoon nondanipaiki 30 takkyanpeksha qamee mahila aahet.
alikadchya dashakanmadhye uchch shikshanatil laingik samanatet lakshaniy sudharana jhaali asali taree, anek arab deshantil garib sadasyanmadhye (purush aanee mahila doghehi) uchch shikshanasathi samaan pravesh hii eka samasya rahili aahe, assa yuktivad itaranni keela aahe.
jaagtik kramvarit.
jaagtik vidyapithanchi shaikshanik kramvari (arvu), jaagtik vidyapith kramvari (wur) aanee kyu. ess. jaagtik vidyapith kramvari (kyu. ess.) asha pramukh vidyapith-kramvari pranalinmadhye arab vidyapithanche pratinidhitva qamee aahe.
aarvu heey shanghay giao tong vidyapithane sankalit kele aahe aanee tyat 500 avval vidyapithanchi yadee aahe. vidyapithanna 1-500,1-100 vaiyaktikaritya kramvarit, 101-200 50 (101-150,151-200) chya gatanmadhye kramvarit aanee urvaritanna 100 (201-300,301-400,40 1-500) chya gatanmadhye kramvarit sthan dile aahe. majee vidyarthi aanee pradhyapkanmadhye nobel paritoshik vijetyanchi sankhya, shaikshanik niyatkalikanmadhye prakashit jhalelya shodhpatrakanchi sankhya, vidyapithachya pradhyapkankadun prakashit kelelya shodhpatranchya sandarbhanchi sankhya aanee dardoi shaikshanik kamgiri yasah vividh chinhakancha vapar karoon kamgiriche mapan karate. aravumadhil sarvoch darjache arab vidyapith king saud vidyapith (saudi arabia) aahe, jeey #151-200 varr aahe. urvarit kramvarit arab vidyapithe king abdulaziz vidyapith (saudi arabia, #201-300); king fahad petroleum aanee khanije vidyapith (saudi arabia, #301-400); kairo vidyapith (#401-500); aanee king abdullah vidnyan aanee tantradnyan vidyapith (saudi arabia, #401-500) aahet.
shikshan, sanshodhan, sandarbh, udhyogache utpann aanee aantarrashtriy drushtikon yaa paach samanya kshetranmadhye 13 "kamgiri nirdeshakancha" vapar karananya uchch shikshanadvare 'woor' tayar kele jaate. vidyapithanna 1-400 shreni denyat aalee aahe, 1-200 vaiyaktikaritya kramvarit, 201-300 25 (201-225,226-250, ii.) chya gatanmadhye kramvarit denyat aalee aahe.), aanee 301-400 50 (301-350,351-400) chya gatanmadhye kramvarit aahet. saudi arabiatil, vurchya sarvoch 400 vidyapithanmadhye keval done arab vidyapithe aaheth king abdulaziz vidyapith (#351-400) aanee king saud vidyapith (#351-400). tathapi, vegalya "ashiya vidyapith kramvarit" aanakhi kahee vidyapithe kramvarit aaheth king fahad university auph petroleum andd minerals (saudi arabia, #62); united arab amirati university (#86); aanee american university auph berut (#87).
quackwerelly simondsdware tayar kelelya kyu. ess. kramvarit, vidyapithanna kramvari denyasathi sahaa nirdeshakancha vapar keela jaatoh shaikshanik pratishtha (sarvekshananmadhun nirdharit kelyapramane), niyoktyachi pratishtha (sarvekshananmadhun nirdharit kelyapramane), pradhyapak-vidyarthi gunottar, prati pradhyapak sandarbh, aantarrashtriy vidyarthyanche praman aanee aantarrashtriy pradhyapakanche praman. vidyapithanna 1-800 kramvarit, 1-399 vaiyaktikaritya kramvarit aanee 400-800 kramakramane mothya gatanmadhye kramvarit sthan dile jaate (antim 100 fakt 700 + mhanoon kramvarit aahet). sarvoch darjache arab vidyapith punha saudi arabiat aaheh king fahad petroleum aanee khanije vidyapith (#216). kyu. ess. kramvarit sarvadhik kramank asalelya arab vidyapithancha samavesh aahe, kaaran hii pranali ektar arabi (500) kinwa urdu (400) peksha anek adhik vidyapithanna (800) kramvari dete. kyu. ess. dware kramvari lavaleli arab vidyapitheh american university auph berut (#250); king saudi university (saudi arabia, #253); kairomadhil american university (#348); king abdulaziz university (saudi arabia, #360); united arab amirati university (#id3>); american university auph sharjah (yuu. aii. eae., #431-440); all-imam mohammed ibn saud islamik university (saudi arabia, #491-500); sultan kaboos university (oman, #id6>); kairo university (#id1>); katar university (#id1>); all-arab amirati university (#id3>); all-imam mohammed ibn saud islamik university (saudi arabia, #491-500); sultan kaboos university (oman, #id6>); kairo university (#id1>); katar yuni
teen pramukh kramvari pranali tyanchya kramvariche jaagtik pramukh pradeshanmadhye vibhajan karatat, jaagtik vidyapith kramvarit aata "arab pradesh" sathee pradeshik kramvari prakashit hote. madhya purv/uttar africa pradeshachya vegalya abhavache nirakaran karnyachya prayatnat, aay. aay. neey 2012 madhye madhya purv aanee uttar aafriketil uchch shikshan vargikaran prakashit kele, jeey jorden, lebnon, morokko, katar, saudi arabia, tunicia aanee sanyukt arab amiratimadhil uchch shikshan kshetranche sarvekshan karate. yaa abhyasat yaa deshanmadhil uchch shikshanachya sahaa pailunche moolyankan kele jaateh sansthatmak vaishishtye (i.eae. sarvajanik kinwa khajgi), abhyaskram sanghatana/pranali, vidyarthyanchi profile, sanskrutik abhimukhata (arab, american, french kinwa british), pradeshik sahbhag aanee aantarrashtriy sahbhag. yaa abhyasat mahitee gola karnyat anek adthale aale, jyat sarkar aanee sansthanchi sahbhagi honyachi anichha, kendrikrut sansthatmak mahiticha abhav aanee rajkiy asthirata (2011 madheel mothya nidarshanandarmyan aanee tyanantar abhyas vikasit karnyat aala hota; yaa karanastav, egyptala abhyasatoon purnapane vagalanyat aale hote) yancha samavesh aahe.
vidyapith kramvari prabhavi asali taree-byavachada sansthandvare bhavishyatil dhorane vikasit karnyasathi vaparali jaat asatana-aanee shaikshanik kshetratil lokandware mothya pramanat charcha kelee jaat asatana, anek vidwan aanee shikshak kramvarichya upyuktatevar teeka karatat. sarvasadharanpane, samikshak assa yuktivad karatat qee kramvari atyant vyaktinishth aahe aanee paddhati sadosh aahet. kramvarivaril sarvat samanya tikanpaiki eka ashee aaheh qee teey "pratishtha" varr khoop jaast avalambun asatat, eka vyaktinishth chinhak jeey shaikshanik aanee prashasakanchya jagbharatil sarvekshanandvare nirdharit kele jaate; qee yuu. ess. chya baher jagatil anek pradesh.ess. aanee paschim europeche sarvekshananmadhye pratinidhitva qamee aahe; qee "sanshodhan parinam" prakashanachya pramanavar jaast kendrit aahe aanee gunavattevar nahee; vidyarthi aanee niyoktyacha drushtikon kramvarichya paddhatinmadhye lakshaniyaritya anupasthit aahe; aanee nobel paritoshik vijetyanna paddhatimadhye (visheshtah aarvu kramvarit) asman pramanat vajan dile jaate. arabi jagatil kahee vidwan aanee shikshak kramvarichya tiket sameel jhaale aahet, tyanni hii chinta vyakt kelee aahe qee kathit 'vastunishtha' kramvari kharokharach agadi vyaktinishth aahe aanee pudhe assa yuktivad keela aahe qee kramvari pashchatya vidyapithanchya bajoone pakshapati aahe. arab jagatil itaranni aarthik sansadhanancha abhav (visheshtah pertian aakhatatil arab rajyambaheril), ingraji bhashetil niyatkalikanmadhye sanshodhan prakashit karnyat yenanya adachani aanee aantarrashtriy parishadanmadhye sahbhagi honyachi arab vidvananchi maryadit kshamata aanee sahkarya heey mahattvapoorn ghatak aahet, jeey arabi vidyapithanchya kramvaritil kharab kamgiriche spashtikaran detat. teen kramvari pranalinpaiki pratyekamadhye saudi arabiache avval arab vidyapith aahe, heey satya anekada shikshanasathi uchch patalivaril sarkari nidhi, vidnyan aanee abhiyantriki kshetratil sanshodhanavar bharr dene yala shrey dile jaate.