mangalorean kaithalikanchi sanskruti

govyatil tyanche khristikaran, tyanche sthalantar aanee tyanchya bandivasamule mangalorean kaithalikanchi sanskruti aakaras aalee aahe. tyanni sthanik mangalorean sanskratiche ghatak sweekarle, parantu tyanchya anek konkon pratha aanee moolye kayam thewali. junya pidhitil vanshik mangalorean gharanmadhye prashast portico, laal auxide cement kelele majale, ekekali prasiddha asalelya mangalore farshanni tharalele terrakota chhappar aahet. ghare sahasa tyanchya swatachya khajgi vihiri kinwa talavansah asatat aanee samanyatah naralachi zaade, fansachi zaade, barfachi safarchandanchi zaade, alphonso aambyachi zaade, suparichi zaade ityadinchya baganna jodaleli asatat.
vastukala.
george plabest yaa german dharmpracharkane 1860 madhye mangalore yethe pahila tyle karkhana ubharala. tyala besal mission tyle karkhana asey mhatale jaat asey. kalantarane, mangaloreche catholic mangalorechya farsha tayar karnyache tantra aanee albuquerq tyle karkhana shikale, pahila bharatiy mangalore tyle utpadan karkhana dakshin canara yethe 1868 madhye panemalore yethe mangaloran catholic pascal albukarkane suru keela. tevhapasoon, mangaloran catholic yaa laal mangalorechya farshanchya nirmitimadhye sakriyapane sahbhagi jhaale aahet. albuquerq tyle karkhana ughadalyanantar, 1878 madhye bombay yetheel mangalorean catholic sayman alvares yanni mangalormadhye alvares tyle karkhana sthapan keela. keela madhye, mangalormadhil 12 tyle utpadan karkhanyanpaiki 6 khrishchananchya malakiche hote. katheen chikanmatipasun tayar kelelya yaa farshanna sampoorn bharat, myanmar aanee shrilanket mothee magani hotee aanee purv africa, madhya-purv, europe aanee austreliyamadhyehi pathvanyat aalya hotya. bharatatil sarkari imaratinsathi shifaras kelya kelya yaa ekmev farsha hotya aanee ajunahi tyaa mangalorechya kshitijala paribhashit karatat aanee tyachya shahari vatavaranala vaishishtyikrut karatat. shahari aanee grameen gruhnirman heey unch utaransah mangalore tyle chhappar asalelya laterite-vitanchya sanrachananchya junya paramparik vividhateche anusaran karate. gharachya aat eka prashast sabhagruh aahe tarr gharasamor eka motha vharandahi aahe.
pakakala.
naral aanee kadhipatta heey bahutek kariche samanya ghatak aahet. "sannah-dukra maas" (sannah-idali, todi kinwa yeastne bharalele; dukra maas-dukarache maans) haah mangalorean catholic samudayatil sarvat lokpriy padarthanpaiki eka aahe. "rosachi kadee" (rose curry), naralachya dudhapasoon (rose) banavaleli eka masalichi curry, hii rose samarambhat serve kelee jaanari eka paramparik curry aahe. "bhaat, daali, gool, naral aanee masale bharoon bharalela 'patroad' haah kolokasiyachya panancha padarth dekhil lokpriy aahe. "kuswar' heey khrisamasachya velee tayar kelele god padarth aahet aanee tyat sumare 22 prakarchya mithai asatat. bahutek mangalorean catholicancha mukhya aahar maase aanee tandul aahet. laal tandul mhanoonahi olakhala jaanara, shijavalela tandul haah paramparik bhaat aahe joou kachchya tandalapeksha khalla jaato aanee tyala pradhanya dile jaate.
nave aanee aadnav.
konkon aanee ingraji yaa donhi bhashanmadhye bhinn rupe asaleli dvibhashik nave, jase qee "zuan" (johnn) aanee "mornel" (magdallin) hii mangalorean catholicanmadhye samanya aahet. purushansathi bahutek mangalorean catholic nave hote khandala anusaratat. mahilanmadhye, nave pahilya ghoshanenantar yetat, tarr tarun mulinmadhye, nave hote ghoshanenantar yetat. anek pahilya navancha mangalorean catholic prakar mhanje tyachya portugij pratirupachi mangalorean catholic konkani aavrutti jee portugij bhashepasun ghetali gelee hotee (udaharananmadhye portugij "isabelle" madheel "zabel", portugij "joao" madheel "zuaun", portugij "pedro" madheel "pedru" aanee portugij "jose" madheel "zoz" yancha samavesh aahe). dii 'sooza aanee pinto yasarkhi portugij aadnande mangalorean catholicanmadhye mubalak pramanat aahet aanee samanyatah hote padbhranshala anusaratat. kahee kutumbe tyanchi mool gaud saraswati brahman aadananve vapartat, jase qee prabhu, kamat, paee aanee shenoy. itar european aadnave dekhil aadhaltat.
bhasha aanee sahitya.
mangaluru yetheel catholic lock konkon bhasha bolatat, jee tyanni sthalantar hounahi tyanchi matrubhasha mhanoon kayam thewali. konkon bhasha hii samajachya olakhichya kendrasthani aahe. konkon hii indo-european bhasha kutumbatil eka indo-aryan bhasha aahe, jee pramukhyane bharatachya paschim paschim bolali jaate. teey konkaninchi eka boolii bolatat, jyala mangalorean catholic konkon mhanatat, jyala vanshikshastra "mangalore" boolii mhanoon olakhate. tee mukhyatve bardeskar (uttar gova) bolimadhun vyutpann jhaali aahe aanee aadhunik bardeskar khrishchan bolibhashemadhye aanee praman konkani bolibhashet thodishi qamee pramanat changli samaj aahe. yaa bolibhashet tuloo aanee kannad shabdancha lakshaniy samavesh aahe. portugijanchya prabhavamule govyachya bolibhashanmadhun gayab jhalelya kahee kannad mool shabdanni mangaluruni canara bhashet punha pravesh keela aahe.
shabdakosh. dakshin canadatil gaud saraswati brahmananni bolalelya bolibhashepeksha tee lakshaniyaritya vegali aahe. mangalorean catholic bolibhasha hii govyachya bardezi bolibhashechya khoop jawal aahe. portugij shabdik vastoo mangalorean catholic bolimadhye aadhaltat.
tyanchya sahityacha ugam 1883 madhye jhaala, jevha italian jesuit angellus francis zavier maifei yane mangalormadhye pahila "ingraji-konkon shabdakosh" prakashit keela. 1912 madhye, lui muscarenhas yanni mangalormadhye 'konnani darvem' (konkani khajina) heey pahile konkani niyatkalik prakashit kele. mangalormadhye prakashit jhalelya lokpriy konkon niyatkalikanmadhye mons sylvester menejesache 'rano' (1938), 'konkon days' (konkanacha varsa) (1958) aanee raymond miranda yanche 'kannik' (denagi) (1965) yancha samavesh aahe. bombemadhye, jee. dware 'sukh-dukh' (1948) sarkhya niyatkalikanmadhye.emm.buub. rodrigues, george fernandes yanni lihilele 'konani yuvak' (1949), vhee. yanni lihilele 'poinari' (1950).jeey.pii. jeey. yanni lihilele saldanha aanee 'divo' (1995).buub. morey prakashit jhaale. aadhunik sahitya vaividhyapurn aahe aanee tyat george fernandes yanchya 'samajvadyanna kaay tras hoto', aitihasik jagruti, alan machado prabhu yanchya 'sarasvatichya mulancha itihasah mangalorean khrishchanancha itihas' aanee richard christachya 'sudharit kaam sutrah vasahatvad aanee ichchhechi kadambari' yaa pustakanmadhye bharatiy rajkaran yasarkhya vishayancha samavesh aahe.
mangalorean vanshavalishastradnya michael lobo yanni 1999 madhye mangalorean catholic samudayacha pahila vanshavali vishvakosh prakashit keela. sadhya 6000 pananpeksha jaast prushthancha haah vanshavali vishvakosh eka hajarahun adhik kutumbancha samavesh karato, jyapaiki pratyekache sanshodhan tyachya purvajancha shodh gheta yeil toparyant kele jaate. aataparyant teen shakha suru karnyat aalya aahet, jyat 'jagbharatil mangalorans-eka aantarrashtriy nirdeshika' (1999), 'pratishthit mangalorean catholic' (2000) aanee 'mangalorean catholic samuday-eka vyavsayik itihas/nirdeshika' (2002) yancha samavesh aahe. 2000 saalee, mangalorechya bishapprasadane kannad lipitil pahile konkon baibal prakashit kele, jeey 26 julai 2007 roji online upalabdh karoon denyat aale.
parampara aanee sann.
roman catholic paramparanmadhye 'suckrament' (saat sanskar) samavisht aahet aanee tyat 'povitra-sunn' (baptisma), 'tiravanni' (pushti), 'khrist-prasad' (dharmik vidhee), 'prakit' (prayashchitt), 'pidestanchi makhni' (aajari lokancha abhishek), 'aayajokanchi sonscorney' (pavitra aadesh) aanee 'logna' (vivah) yancha samavesh aahe.
mangalorean kaithalikanni anek bharatiy pratha aanee parampara kayam thevalya aahet aanee visheshtah vivahsohalyachya velee tyanche astitva prakat kele aahe. tyanchi sanskruti adhik paramparik aanee bharatiy aahe. jaree portugij lock mangalormadhye varanvar vyapar karat asat aanee yaa pradeshat yenare bahutek pujari portugij hote, taree portugij aanee portugij sanskratishi olakhala jaanara samuday tethe vikasit jhaala nahee. tyanche konatehi eksaman vidhee naheet kaaran teey pitruvanshiy brahman vansh aanee matruvanshiy gair-brahman vansh yaa donhinche aahet. pramukhyane heey vidharmi vivah vidhee hote, jeey portugijanna govyachya chaukashidarmyan aaksheparh vatale aanee bishop dii. yanni 1640 madhye prakashit kelelya "portugalchya rajyanmadhil chaukashichya pavitra karyalayachya niyam aanee niyamanchya niyamavalimadhye" tyavar bandee ghatali. franciscode castro.
"lagnachya eka kinwa done divas aadhi aayojit keela jaanara 'rose' (abhishek) samarambh, vadhoo aanee varr yanchya kaumaryatecha shevatcha divas sajra karato aanee tyat vadhoo aanee varr yancha palakancha aashirvad asato, jyanna 'rose', naralache dudh aanee naralache teel yanche mishran deuun abhishek keela jaato, tarr vadhuchya kapalavar vadhastambhacha koralela asato. tyanantar, 'resper' (charchmadhil vivah aashirvad) aanee shevati 'vordic' (lagn) aanee 'voren' (vivah samarambh) hote. itar paramparanmadhye 'sorik' kinwa 'cyricecho maalo' (vivahsohala), 'volic' (lagnache aamantran) aanee vivah samarambhadarmyan 'paan shengdane' kinwa 'bido' (paan paaney) yanchi devanghevan yancha samavesh hoto, jyala 'badalchen' (haat badalane) asey mhatale jaat asey. bharatiy paramparanmadhye vadhula 'sado' (lagnachi saadee) aanee 'pirduk' (lagnacha haar) sajavane samavisht aahe, jeey paridhan karane heey tiche 'ayapon' (niyati), 'onpney' kinwa 'opson divchen' (vadhula aupcharikpane vadil kinwa vadhuche palak deuun), 'porthopone' (vadhuchya gharee punha aamantran) aanee 'sanmananiy' (stotre) gaane soochit karate. itar kahee paramparanmadhye 'novemjivon' (naveen makyapasoon tayar kelelya annacha bhag ghene) aanee 'novem' (naveen kapanicha aashirvad) yancha samavesh hoto.
khrismas, good fryday aanee easter yasarkhya samanya khrishchan sananvyatirikt, haah samuday dharmik aanee aitihasik mahatva asalele itar anek sanancha utsav sajra karato. "monty utsav" haah 8 september roji sajra keela jaanara eka pramukh sann aahe. tyat dhanya kumari mereeche janm aanee 'november' (naveen pike) chaa aashirvad yancha samavesh aahe. yaa utsawala dakshin dakshin farangipet yetheel monte mariano charchavarun heey naav midale aahe aanee 1763 madhye farangipet yetheel govyacha catholic pujari joachim miranda yane yachee suruvat kelee hotee. jaree tipu sultanane canarachya charchcha naash keela, taree tyane tyache vadil hyder allie aanee vadil miranda yanchya maitrichya sanmanarth monte mariano charchala sodale. "attur jatre" kinwa "attur utsav" (attur utsav) haah sant santancha sann aahe. laurence, sentmadhye sajra keela jaato. dakshin dakshin karkalachya bahereel laurence mandir. 1759 pasoon astitvat asalelya yaa mandirala chamatkarancha itihas asalyache mhatale jaate. mangalorechya bishapchya netrutvakhalil millagress charchpasoon rosario cathedralparyantchi dharmik miravanuk (konkaninmadhye 'evaristic purshanv') hii varshik dharmik miravanuk aahe. gregory dindarshikechya naveen varshachya pahilya ravivari aayojit kelee jaanari miravanuk, naveen varshasathi aashirvad magate.
veshbhusha aanee dagine.
mangalorean catholic purush batnansah (jodhpuri kotansarkhe) pandhare kinwa kaale coat (pandhare kinwa kaale) ghalatat. pagadi sahasa koorji pagadipramane ("urmal") sapat kelya jaat asat. urmal' haah sonyachya kathasah kapadancha eka lamb pandhara tukada aahe aanee too pagadisarkha dokyavar bandhala jaato. aadhunik kalat hii paddhat badalali aahe. charchmadhye jaanyachya prasangi keval kahee vruddha lock haah paramparik poshakh paridhan kartana disu shakatat. lagnapurvi striya striya rangache scurt ghalat asat, jyavar sadya aanee blouse ghatale jaat asat. haah poshakh tichya kaumaryateche lakshan hota aanee tyaa divashi sonyache dagine anupasthit hote, tyaa divashi tee 'rose' samarambhat tee paridhan karat asey. vivahit striya sarvasadharanpane sadya ghalayachya.
mangalorean catholic vadhuchi saadee 'aaa' mhanoon olakhali jaate. hii sahasa laal rangachi banarasi saadee asate, jee bareek vinalelya reshimapasoon banavali jaate aanee vistrut koreev kamanni sushobhit kelee jaate. vadhula tiche swatache lock eka saadee dekhil bhet detat jyala "dharm sado" mhanatat, jee itar sanachya prasangi paridhan kelee jaat asey. charchmadhye lagnachya aashirvadadarmyan kahee navavadhu pandhari sadihi ghalatat. pracheen kalat vadhune paridhan kelelya alankaranmadhye,,,, aanee samavisht hote. yapaiki konatehi dagine aadhunik pidhimadhye vaparale jaat naheet. sadhyachya vadhoo kahee sonyache dagine, botanvar kahee angathi, kanatale aanee kiman done soneri kangwa ghalatat, jyat done samanya kangwa asatat aanee pratyekacha varcha bhag sonyachi thalee asato, jeey kananchya dokyavar kesanchya donhi bajunna paridhan kele jaatat. charchala jaatana tee kesanmadhye chikataleli kahee pandhari aanee laal phule paridhan karate. kapalachya madhyabhagi, lataknasah eka 'bang' (sonyachi sakhali) thewali gelee hotee. eka vidhavela ayushyabhar kalee saadee ghalavi lagat asey aanee teela dagine ghalanyachi parvanagi navhati.
vadhune aanakhi done kangwa paridhan kele hote, pratyek kanganat sonyatil mashachi aakruti ghatali hotee aanee mhanoon tyanna (maase) mhatale jaat asey. cases changle kombalele asatat aanee kapalat madhyabhagi vibhagale jaatat. hii paddhat katekorpane palali jaate. itar konatyahi prakare tiche cases vegale karnari mulgi sail mulgi manali jaat asey. kapalavar jethe cases vibhagale jaatat tyaa madhyabhagi, latkan asaleli sonyachi sakhali thewali jaat asey. yaa sakhalila 'bang' asey mhatale jaat asey. yapaiki konatehi dagine samanya divashi paridhan kele jaat naheet. pratyek vadhoo purvi sonyachya teen jodya bangadya ghalayachi; yashivay tee laal kachechya bangadya ghalayachi.
suruvatichya kalat, varachya poshakhat hatane vinalelya kapadache ('dhoti') eka lahan sarong, tyache khande jhakanyasathi eka shaal aanee dokyavar laal rumal ('lii') asey hote. varcha poshakh haloohaloo sudharla. nantar, tyachya poshakhat laal aanee sonyachya hems pandhara langcloth, sonyachi batane aanee coat asalela shirt, khandyavar shaal aanee dokyavar towell hota. varane tyachya manevar (manechi sakhali) ghatali hotee. tyane eka jodee chappal kinwa kiman eka jodee moje ghatale hote. tathapi, aajkal bahutek pashchimatya mangalorean catholic jodpyanmadhye pandhare lagn hote, jyamadhye varr samanyatah kaala suut ghalato, tarr vadhoo pandhara poshakh ghalate.
aitihasik samaj.
mangaluruchya kaithalikanni tyanchya purvajanchi govyat hotee teech jaat vyavastha kayam thewali hotee. teey chaar jatinmadhye vibhagale gele hote-waman, charodi, shoodra aanee gaudi. sarvat motha gut haah brahman (brahmanansathi konkon shabd) hota. teey brahman jatitil (purohit varg) dharmantarit hote aanee visheshtah govyatil gaud saraswati brahman dharmantarit hote. hote kramankacha sarvat motha gut asalelya charodi heey kshatriy (yoddha varg) aanee vaishya (vyapari varg) jatinmadhun dharmantarit jhaale hote. dharmantarit karagirancha tisra sarvat motha gut hota aanee tyanna shoodra (kamgar varg) mhanoon olakhale jaat asey. ullal, kulur aanee samudra samudra itar thikani thikani machchimar-jatitil dharmantaritanna gaudi mhatale jaat asey aanee tyanni chautha gut tayar keela. itar lahan jatinmadhye, padvalancha samavesh hota, jyanna itihaskar severine silva yanni tyanchya 'daad marage castoms auph daad khrishchan inn south canara, india' yaa pustakat, sthanik jaine dharmantarit asalyache gruheet dharale aahe.
dakshin canara yethe sthalantarit jhalelya khrishchan lokansobat gelelya kahee kahee tyanchi yogya prakare kalji ghene katheen hote. tyamule hii vyavastha astitvat aalee. gurkar heey mangaloreche changle naitik charitrya asalele catholic purush hote, jyanna khrishchan vasahatinmadhye pramukh mhanoon nivadle gele hote. tyanna samajachya samajik aanee dharmik dekharekhiche kaam sopavanyat aale hote. sthalantaranantar, mangalorean catholicancha ekmev sambhavya vyavasay shetee hota, kaaran teey kushal shetkari hote. pratyek shetkari sutarkam karat asey, parantu teey agadi adim aanee akushal hote. itar hastakala aanee udyog astitvat navhate. navhate shatkachya uttaradhat mangalorean catholic lock mangalore tyle udyog, coffey lagwad aanee vruksharopan utpadananchya vyaparat sahbhagi jhaale hote. prathanasabha lattin bhashet sajari kelee jaat hotee; parantu pravachan, cathesism aanee rahasyanche spashtikaran konkanmadhil mandalila denyat aale.
eka vidhves tiche urvarit ayushya vyavharikdrushtya gharatach rahave lagat asey. cannon kayadyane vidhavanna punarvivah karanyachi parvanagi dilee hotee aanee mhanunach dakshin canarachya khrishchananchya samajat vidhavanna punarvivah karnyas thet bandee navhati, parantu kahee striyanmadhye tyanchya samudayachya kathor niyamanchya virodhat jaanyache dhairya hote. punarvivah kelelya vidhavekade tuchchh najarene pahile jaat asey, tichyavar dayaa kelee jaat asey aanee tee durdaivi mhanoon door thewali jaat asey. pann teela white vaganuk dilee gelee nahee kinwa bahishkrut kele gele nahee. tichya patila konatahi kalank jodala gela navhata.
ganee aanee sangeet.
mangalormadhye mand sobhan yaa mangalorean catholic sanghatnene aayojit kelelya konkanani nirantari yaa konkanani sanskrutik karyakramane, janewari 2008 roji, konkaninchi stutee naan thambata gayalyabaddal ginnies book auph world recordmadhye pravesh keela. maind sohanchya sadasyanni 40 taas ganee gayali, brazilchya sangeet mandalane dharan kelelya 36 tasanchya junya vikramachi, universidade luterrana doow brasilchya (brazilche leutheran vidyapith) 'communidade evangelica luterrana saao paulo' (saao paulocha leutheran evangelical samuday) mage takat. 1906 madhye laurence dsouza yanni mangalormadhye suru kelela sylver band haah mangalormadhil sarvat junya aanee sarvat lokpriy brass bandpacky eka aahe. 18 vya shatkat, tipu sultanane tyala tyachya canara mohimedarmyan bandivasat thewale asatana, govyachya catholic pujari joachim miranda yane prasiddha konkani stotra 'riglo jezu molient' (yeshune gethsemenechya baget pravesh keela) lihile hote. mangalorean kaithalikanni rachaleli itar lokpriy konkaninchi stutee mhanje "aayka christanav jaann", "utha utha praniya" aanee "sorgim thaan". ghumat heey visheshtah vivahsohalyanmadhye vajavale jaanare eka lokpriy vadya hote. vadyache swaroop matichya bhandyasarkhe aahe parantu teey donhi bajunni khule asate. eka toke kahee vanya pranyanchya tvachene jhakalele asate aanee dusare ughade thewale jaate. rose' darmyan mahilanni gayalelee (lagnachi ganee) parampara yaa samudayasathi mahattvachi aahe. prakriya ashee aahe qee vruddha mahilanpaiki eka, samanyatah (samarambhanchya guruchi patni, jee mhanoon olakhali jaate) jyala ganyache netrutva mahit asate tarr urvarit striya tichyabarobar gatat. jyache patee ajunahi jiwant aahet, tyaa keval striyach gauu shakatat. pracheen kalee lagnachi ganee atishay udatt bhavna vyakt karat asat aanee vivah jodidar aanee tyanchya kutumbambaddal lokanchya bhavna vyakt karat, tyanchyavar devacha aashirvad arpan karat asat.

