
paraguaymadheel jyoo lokancha itihas

paraguaymadheel jyoo lokanchya itihasache vaishishtya mhanje jyoo lokanche, pramukhyane european deshanmadhun, dakshin american rashtrat sthalantar aanee parinami jyoo paraguayan samudayachi sankhya aaj 1,000 jhaali aahe. 
19vya shatkachya uttaradhat sthalantar pramukhyane europemadhun suru jhaale, jithe paraguaymadhye jyoo sthalantaritanchya pahilya laata france aanee italisarkhya deshanmadhun aalya. 1870 chya tiheri yutee sangharshamule paraguaychi loksankhya qamee jhalyanantar heey mukhyatve udarmatvadi sthalantar dhorananche parinam hote. 
1920 chya dashakat polland aanee yukrenmadhil jyoo lock paraguay yethe aale aanee 1930 chya dashakat germanytun sumare 20,000 jyoo lokanche mothya pramanat sthalantar jhaale. dusya mahayuddhadarmyan paraguaymadhye jyoo lokanche sthalantar vadhale, kaaran anekanni argentine aanee brazilsarkhya shejaril deshanmadhye pravesh karnyacha prayatna karnyapurvi deshat tatpurata aashray ghetala. dusya mahayuddhanantar, israyal aanee paraguay yanni 1949 madhye rajnaitik sambandh ughadale, tathapi 1970 madhye, asunsiyanmadhil israyali dutavasavar hallah karnyat aala. yaa ghataneche shrey mukhyatve arab-israyali sangharshala dile jaau shakate, jyacha paraguine jyoo samudayavar kholvar parinam jhaala. 
bahutek rajdhani asunsionmadhye rahana jyoo samudayacha sanskrutik aanee rajkiy asha donhi prakare paraguine samudayavar akheris lakshaniy prabhav padala aahe. paraguan jyoo samuday aanee israyal yanchyat vividh rajkiy matbhed jhaale aahet, jyamule paraguan-israyal sambandhanvar parinam jhaala aahe. sanskrutik prabhavachya drushtine, jyoo paraguine samudayane asunsiyanmadhye vividh sabhasthane sthapan kelee aahet. yavyatirikt, paraguinemadhye jyoo european sthalantar darshavinyasathi vividh sahitya aanee chitrapat tayar kele gele aahet, tyapaiki barech 2005 pasoon tayar kele gele aahet.
sthalantar itihasacha aadhava.
19vya shatkachya uttaradhat, itali aanee francesarkhya european deshanmadhun jyoo sthalantarit paraguaymadhye aale. pahilya mahayuddhachya kalat, palestine (jerusalem), egypt aanee turkey yethoon jyoo lock, mukhytah sephardi jyoo, paraguay yethe aale. 1920 chya dashakat ukraine aanee polandmadhun sthalantaritanchi dusari laat aalee. 1933 teey 1939 darmyan, germany, austriya aanee chekoslovakiatil jyoo lokanni nazi-vyapt europemadhun paloon jaanyasathi paraguaychya udarmatvadi sthalantar kayadyancha fayda ghetala. dusya mahayuddhanantar, paraguaymadhye aalele bahutek jyoo lock chhalchhavyanmadhun vachalele hote. 1960 chya dashakat, andaje 40,000 german aanee tyanche vanshaj, jyapaiki bahutansh nazi samarthak hote aanee jyapaiki kahee pramukh nazi vyaktimatve hotee, teey tatpurte paraguaymadhye rahat hote. udaharanarth, kuprasiddha nazi doctor joseph mengel dekhil yaa deshat tatpurte rahat hote. aaj, bahutek paraguine jyoo samuday ashkenazi parshvabhoomicha aahe.
pahile jyoo aagman-ekonisavya shatkachya uttaradhat sthalantar.
paraguay heey jyoo lokanche aanee tyanchya hakkanche dirghkal samarthak rahile aahet. 1881 madhye, paraguayan madhyamanni europemadhil jyoo lokanchya chhalabaddal batamya prakashit kelya, jyamule vyapak bhedbhavabaddal jagrukta vadhali.
tribhuj yutee sangharsh mhanoonahi olakhalya jaananya paraguyan yuddhacha parinam mhanoon, 1870 chya dashakapasun paragueche udarmatvadi sthalantar dhoran dekhil aahe. tribhuj yutiche (1864-1870) yuddh brazil aanee urugue yanni paraguaviruddha ladhale hote. british sarkarne yaa yuddhat aarthik aanee lashkari sansadhane puravun brazil aanee urugvela pathimba deela. 1870 madhye yuddhachya samaptiparyant, paraguaychi rajkiy aanee aarthik chaukat lakshaniyaritya kamkuvat jhaali hotee. gran chako kshetrachya aaspascha pradesh kayamswarupi gamavalyamule swatantra rashtra mhanoon tyachya samarthyavar dekhil gambhir parinam jhaala. shivay, tiheri yutee sangharshadarmyan paraguayne mothya pramanat loksankhyeche nuksan sahan kele, jyamule paraguaychya done trutiyansh nagarikancha mrutyu jhaala. tyamule, sangharshanantar, sthalantarala protsahan denyasathi aanee mothya loksankhyechya nukasanatoon baher padnyasathi, paraguine sarkarne tyanchya 1870 chya sanvidhanat eka kalam tayar kele jyat yaa pradeshat dharmik swatantrya dile gele.
yaa ghatakancha, visheshtah deshache udarmatvadi sthalantar dhoran aanee 1870 chya ghatana kalamacha, parinamacha parinam paraguaymadhye aashray ghenanya jyoo lokanchya sankhyet vaadh honyat jhaala. tyamule, 1890 chya dashakat, europemadhil bhedbhavapasun vachanyachi sandhee pahoon, paraguaymadhye tatpurte kinwa kayamswarupi nivas shodhanyasathi jyoo lock suruvatila france aanee italihoon sthalantarit jhaale. brazil, argentine aanee urugue yasarkhya itar dakshin american deshanmadhye pravesh midvu ichchinanya anek jyoo sthalantaritansathi paraguayne aitihasikdrushtya tatpurte thikan mhanoon kaam kele aahe. 19vya shatkat yaa shejaril deshanmadhil kathor sthalantar dhorananmule, kahee jyoo sthalantaritanna kayamswarupi paraguaymadhye rahnyas karanibhoot tharale aanee parinami, tyanni tyachi rajdhani asuncion yethe eka samuday sthapan keela. heey dakshin americetil itar sthalantar paddhatinpeksha vegale hote, jase qee argentine aanee brazilmadhye, jithe bahusankhya jyoo sthalantarit shaharanaivaji grameen bhagat aanee krishi vasahatinmadhye kaam karat hote. 
jaagtik yuddhatil sthalantar.
pahile mahayuddha aanee aantaryuddh kaal.
pahilya mahayuddhachya kalat aanee nantar paraguayne aapali udarmatvadi sthalantar dhorane suru thewali. polland, ukraine, germany aanee chekoslovakiatil 15,000 teey 20,000 jyoo lokanni pahilya mahayuddhadarmyan aanee 1920 chya dashakachya suruvatichya kalat tatpurata paraguaymadhye aashray ghetala assa andaj aahe.
dakshin americetil deshanmadhye aanee visheshtah paraguaymadhye sthalantarit jhalele jyoo lock nimn samajik-aarthik darjache hote. sephardi jyoo lokanni ashkenazi jyoo lokanpeksha jaast sankhyene lattin americet sthalantar karane nivadle, jyanchya samudayane united states aanee canadamadhye sthalantar karane pasant kele. 20vya shatkachya suruvatila paraguay aanee itar dakshin american deshanmadhye sthalantarit jhalele jyoo pramukhyane europe aanee palestine (jerusalem) tasech turkeymadhil sephardic jyoo hote. tyanni tyanchya swatachya matrubhoomitil bhedbhavachya karananmule, parantu lashkari bharatipasoon vachanyasathi sthalantar karane nivadle. udaharanarth, uttar america aanee shejaril dakshin american deshanchya tulanet, paraguaymadhye sthalantaras protsahan denara aanakhi eka yogdan denara ghatak mhanje praveshasathiche qamee adthale. udaharanarth, paraguaymadhye sthalantaritanna visa asane aavashyak navhate aanee tyanna mofat kamache parvane dile gele.
20vya shatkachya suruvatila paraguaymadhye yahudi nirvasitancha zapatyane yenyacha sambandh mahamandichya kalat sthalantaravaril kotyanshi dekhil hota, jyachi amalbajavani adhirajya sarkaranni kelee hotee aanee jyahudi sthalantaritanna anyatra aashray ghenyas bhag padale hote. udaharanarth, canadane 1921 teey 1931 darmyan keval 25,000 jyoo sthalantaritanna pravesh deela, tarr 1891 teey 1921 darmyan 120,000 hote. yamule anek jyoo nirvasitanna paraguesarkhya dakshin american deshanmadhye tatpurata aanee kayamswarupi aashray ghyava lagla.
aantaryuddh kalat, 1931 paryant 210,000 jyoo rahivasi asalelya argentinasarkhya dakshin american deshanchya tulanet paraguaymadhye kayamswarupi jyoo sthalantar qamee hote. yache mukhya kaaran mhanje paraguaymadhye payabhoot suvidha aanee rajkiy sthairya navhate aanee tyamule kayamswarupi aashray ghenanya anek jyoo sthalantaritansathi heey pahile pradhanya navhate.
dusare mahayuddha.
1933 madhye germanyt nazi satta aalee. jyoo lokanna 'rajyaviruddhache shatru' manana vichardharene chalavalelya yaa rajvatit majboot yahudivirodhi hote. 1938 madheel nazi-sanghatit dangal, jyane jyoo lokanna hakaloon denyache uddisht thewale hote, asha kristalanchtasarkhya narsamharansah bahishkrut dhorane hotee. nazinni 1941 teey 1942 darmyan jyoo lokanna najarkaidet thevanyasathi aanee tyanchyavar atyachar karnyasathi aushwitzsarkhya nirmulan shibirancha dekhil vapar keela. yamule jyoo lokanche europemadhun mothya pramanat sthalantar jhaale, jyacha arth 1942 paryant 3000 jyoo sthalantarit hote jeey 1930 madheel 1,200 varoon vadhoon paraguaymadhye kayamswarupi sthayik jhaale hote.
argentine aanee brazilsarkhya deshanni sthalantar nirbandh kadak kelyamule anek jyoo lokanni paraguaymadhye kayamswarupi aanee tatpurata assa donhi prakarcha aashray ghetala. udaharanarth, 1939 teey 1941 darmyan argentinamadhye 2,221 jyoo sthalantaritanna swikaranyat aale. tathapi, andaje 8,270 jyoo lokanni bekaydeshirpane deshat pravesh kelyacha andaj aahe. yapaiki anek vyaktinni paraguine visa midavala hota aanee tyanantar bekaydeshirpane seema olandun argentinamadhye pravesh keela hota. tathapi, paraguaymadhye aashray magitalelya serve jyoo sthalantaritanna nagrikatva kinwa visa denyat aala nahee. udaharanarth, 1940 madhye brazilala paloon jaananya polish jyoo lokanna 'kabo dii hornos' navachya botila kadak sthalantar nirbandhanmule pravesh nakarnyat aala. tyanantar tyanni paraguaymadhye aashray ghetala parantu prashasakeey chukanmule tyanna pravesh nakarnyat aala. yahudi sthalantaritancha haah gut europemadhye paratala.
yaa velee jyoo sthalantaritansathi aanakhi eka adthala mhanje 2,000 german menonitescha banalelya paraguine furnheim vasahaticha prabhav hota. furnheim menonitesney nazi shasanala, yahudivirodhi vruttila pathimba deela aanee jyoo paraguine samudayakade tyanchya shraddhesathi dhoka mhanoon pahile. dusya mahayuddhanantar paraguela paloon gelyanantar nazi vaidya joseph mengelane mulat yaa menonite samudayacha aashray ghetala hota asey manale jaate. 1870 madhye paraguay yethe sthapan jhaleli aanakhi eka paraguine menonite vasahat, meno collany, 1,800 sadasyanchi hotee aanee nazi rajvatichya vichardhareshi qamee julaleli hotee.
dusya mahayuddhachya kalat, paraguine jyoo samudayatil buddhijivi aanee rajkiy vyaktimatvanni bhashya prakashit kele aanee zionismche samarthan karnari sthanik vruttapatre tayar kelee aanee europemadhil jyoo lokanviruddhachya bhedbhavabaddal jagrukta vadhavali. yavyatirikt, 1942 darmyan, paraguaychya sarkarne paraguaychya aat german nagrik aanee sahanubhooti vyakt karnadhyanviruddha adhik nirbandh lagoo kele. heey federal beuro auph investigation (eff. bii. aay.) tyaa varshi prasiddha kelelya ahavalamule hote, jyat paraguay aanee itar lattin american rashtranna nazi upkramansathi hotspot mhanoon olakhale gele. tyamule, paraguay tyanchya deshat rahana german nagarikanvar dekhrekh thevat asey. tyanni german ganvesh kinwa konatyahi prakarchi nazi chinhe ghalanyasahi bandee ghatali. hii karvai, shevati, karj surakshit karnyasathi, united states sarkarchya magnyanche palan karnyasathi karnyat aalee. tathapi, sarkarne kelelya yaa krutincha fayda paraguine jyoo samudayalahi jhaala. jyoo rajyachya yaa sakriyatecha aanee pathimbyacha parinam mhanoon, israyalacha pahila rajnaitik pratinidhi 1950 madhye paraguay yethe aala.
visavya shatkatil rajkiy vaad.
20 vya shatkatil arab-israyali tanavamule paraguine jyoo samuday prabhavit jhaala hota. 4 meey 1970 roji, nazinchya piditanchya sanmanarth asunsionmadhye jyoo paraguine samudayane samarambh aayojit kelyanantar eka divashi, asuncion yetheel israyali dutavasat golibar jhaala. dutavasatil eka yahudi paraguine karmchari marla gela aanee dusra jakhami jhaala. prasarmadhyame aanee israyali rajdutanni golibarala 'israyalviruddhacha hallah' asey label lavlyanantar done palestini hallekhor paloon gele.
tathapi, paraguay yetheel jyoo pratinidhi parishadene 'sangharsharat arab aanee israyal sambandh' paraguayan jyoo samudayavar hastantarit karnyachya prayatnacha nishedh keela. 1967chya arab-israyali sangharshala paraguan jyoo lokanshi jodanyachi paraguan jyoo parishadechi ichcha navhati, asey sangoon qee yamule tyanchya swatantryavar aanee tyanchya swatachya tatasth jyoo rajya mhanoon kaam karnyachya kshamatevar parinam houu shakato.
paraguaymadhye jyoo lokancha prabhav.
rajkiy prabhav.
2018 madhye, paraguay haah israyali dutavas jerusalemmadhe halavanara jagatil dusra desh tharala. tathapi, tyaa varshi paraguaymadhye horacio cartespasoon mario benitezparyant adhyakshapadat badal jhaala aanee dutavas tail avvmadhye punha sthapit karnyat aala. yamule israyalane paraguay yetheel aapala dutavas bund keela.
sanskrutik aanee jansankhyikiy prabhav.
1917 madhye, jyoo paraguine samudayane asunsiyanmadhye pahile sabhasthan sthapan kele. sadhya paraguaymadhye teen sabhasthane aahet, jee serve tyachya rajdhani asunsionmadhye aahet. sabhasthane ashkenazi, sephardi aanee chabad samudayansathi aahet.
2019 paryantchi aakadevari darshavate qee 69 laakh paraguine lokanpaiki andaje 1,000 jyoo nagrik aahet, jyanna 'mukhya jyoo loksankhya' mhanoon olakhale jaate-jyoo varshache donhi palak aahet. eka jyoo palak asalele andaje 300 pargvayan dekhil aahet. paraguaymadheel bahusankhya jyoo nagrik ashkenazi aahet aanee asunsionchya rajdhanit rahatat. 1967 pasoon jyoo paraguinechi sankhya qamee jhaali aahe, jevha 1,200 mool jyoo paraguine hote. mukhya jyoo loksankhyetil hii ghat mukhyatve jyoo paraguine samudayachya sadasyanchya sthalantaramule jhaali aahe. 1948 teey 2016 yaa kalat ekoon 34 lokanni israyala aliah kele aahe. yavyatirikt, 2017 madhye aanakhi nauu vyakti israyalmadhye paratalya, tyanantar 2018 madhye aanakhi aath jann sthalantarit jhaale.
deshi aanee aantarrashtriy chitrapat udhyogavar parguyan jyoo lokancha lakshaniy prabhav aahe. parpatra teey paraguay' yaa 2019 chya chitrapatat 1940 chya dashakat europemadhun baher padananya jyoo lokanche chitran kele aahe, jeey paraguesarkhya dakshin american deshanmadhye aashray ghet hote. europeey jyoo lokancha paraguayparyantcha pravas dakhavanyasathi sahityahi lihile gele aahe. 2005 saalee susanna gertopanne lihilelya 'barrio palestina' madhye dusya mahayuddhadarmyan paraguay yethe sthalantarit jhalelya eka polish jyoo kutumbachi katha sangitali aahe. kitee jyoo lokanni pahilyanda argentinamadhye, visheshtah buenos aayarsmadhe aashray ghenyacha prayatna keela, parantu argentinachya kadak sthalantar nirbandhanmule akheris teey paraguaymadhye sapadale, heey yaa kadambarimadhye adhorekhit kele aahe.
paraguayan jyoo samudayane dekhil paraguaymadheel shikshanavar prabhav padala aahe. paraguay yethe sthalantaranantar, visheshtah dusya mahayuddhadarmyan, jyoo sthalantaritanna samajik-aarthik adchaninna samore jaave lagale. tathapi, 1950 chya dashakachya uttaradhat adhik shaikshanik sandhinni varchya dishene halchal karnyas parvanagi dilee. yamule paraguine jyoo samudayache madhyam aanee uchch-madhyamvargiy loksankhyashastriy rupat rupantar jhaale. dusya mahayuddhanantar vadhiv shaikshanik sandhinche eka udaharan mhanje jyoo paraguine shaala, "escuela integral estado dii israyal", jee 1959 madhye suru jhaali. tevhapasoon, tyane jyoo moolye aanee shikavaninvar aadharit shikshan pradan kele aahe aanee serve paraguine vidyarthyanchi nondani swikaranyasathi 2009 madhye tyachi punarrachana karnyat aalee.  assa andaj aahe qee paraguaymadheel andaje 70 takke jyoo mule yaa shalet shikatat.