united statesmadhil kamgar shakti

kamgar shakti mhanje kamasathi upalabdh asalelya lokanchi vastavik sankhya aanee tee nokri kaam aanee berojgaranchi berries aahe. yuu.ess. februwari 2020 madhye, agadi united statesmadhil covid-19 mahamarichya suruvatilach kamgaranchi sankhya 164.6 dashalaksh lokanchya uchchanki patalivar pohochali. mahamaripurvi, yuu.ess. 2009 teey 2011 yaa kalat kalat patalichya khalee rahilelya mahamandinantarchya kalavadhicha apavad vagalata 1960 pasoon darvarshi kamgaranchi sankhya vadhat hotee. 2021 madhye, mothya rajinamyamule american kamgaranchi aichchhik uladhal vikrami pramanat jhaali. 
kamgar shakticha sahbhag darr, ell. eff. pii. aar. (kinwa aarthik kriyakalap darr, qaan), heey kamgar shakti aanee tyanchya samoohachya ekoon aakaratil (samaan vayogatatil rashtriy loksankhya) gunottar aahe. pashchimekadil itar deshanpramanech, yuu. ess. madhye kamgar shakticha sahbhag darr.ess. darr.ess shatkachya uttaradhat lakshaniy vaadh jhaali, mukhyatve kamachya thikani mahilanchya vadhatya sankhyemule. pramukhyane balachya vadhalelya pidhiche vruddhatva aanee nivruttimule 2000 pasoon kamgar shakticha sahbhag satatyane qamee hott aahe. mukhya kamkajachya vayatil (25-54) samoohatil kamgar shaktichya sahbhagachya kalanche vishleshan kelyane vruddha loksankhyecha prabhav itar jansankhyikiy ghatakanpasun (udaa.jee.ling, vansh aanee shikshan) aanee sarkari dhorane. congresschya arthsankalpiy karyalayane 2018 madhye spasht kele qee uchch shaikshanik prapticha sambandh 25-54 vayogatatil kamgaranchya uchch kamgar shaktichya sahbhagashi aahe. apangatvamule jyeshth purush shramshaktichya baher asatat, tarr mahilanche mukhya kaaran kutumbatil sadasyanchi kalji ghene heey aahe.
vyakhya.
beuro auph lebber statistics (bii. ell. ess.) kamgar shaktichi vyakhya ashee karateh
50 rajye aanee kolambiya jeelhyat jeelhyat 16 varshe aanee tyahoon adhik vayachya jyaa vyakti sansthanmadhye (udaharanarth, dandatmak aanee mansik suvidha, vruddhansathi ghare) kaidi naheet aanee sashastr dalat sakriy kartvyavar nasalelya vyaktincha yaat samavesh aahe.
ling aanee yuu.ess. shramshakti.
mahila.
americet, kamgar dalat mahilanchya vadhiv sahbhagache teen mahattvapoorn tappe hote. hote shatkachya uttaradhapasun uttaradhapasun dashkaparyant, phaar qamee mahilanna rojgar denyat aala. kaam kaam striya striya tarun avivahit mahila asayachya, jyaa tyanchya kutumbala done utpannachi aavashyakta asalyashivay samanyatah lagnachya velee shramshaktitun baher padaychya. yaa mahila pramukhyane vastrodyogat kinwa gharguti kamgar mhanoon kaam karat hotya. yaa vyavasayane mahilanna sashakt kele aanee tyanna udarnirvahasathi vetan midavata aale. kahee vela teey tyanchya kutumbasathi aarthik madat hote.
1930 teey 1950 darmyan, karyalayin ekoon vadhati magani, madhyamik shalechya chalvalit sahbhagi sahbhagi mahila aanee vidyutikaranamule gharguti kamanvar kharch honara vel qamee jhalyamule mahila kamgarancha sahbhag vadhala. 1950 teey 1970 chya dashakat bahutansh mahila duyyam kamai kaam hotya, jyaa pramukhyane sachiv, shikshak, paricharika aanee granthapal (gulabi-collar (gulabi-collar mhanoon kaam karat hotya.
1960 pasoon, jug aanee yuu.ess. kamgar bajarpethet, visheshtah europe aanee yuu. ess. sarkhya vikasit deshanmadhye, mahila ell. eff. pii. madhye lakshaniy vaadh jhaali.ess. yaa vadhichi mukhya karane pudhilpramane asoo shakatatah
congressional research sarvhisachya matey, 1979 pasoon mahila aanee purushanmadhil antar qamee jhaale aahe. mahilanchya vastavik vetanatil ekoon% badal 9.6% neey (10 vya takke) vadhala, tarr purushanmadhye-7.7% neey ghat jhaali. tathapi, avishvasaniy vadhisah, mahilanche vastavik vetan ajunahi purushanchya tulanet qamee hote. vividh prarambh bindu heey spasht karoo shakatat. 1979 madhye, mahilankade hyschool diploma peksha uchch padvi midvanyache adhik paryay aanee sandhee hotya. tasech, sanshodhananusar, keval padvi kinwa tyahoon adhik padvi asalelya purushannach mahilanpeksha jaast vastavik utpann milel. 
claudia goldin aanee itar, visheshtah nidarshanas aanoon detat qee 1970 chya dashakachya madhyaparyant vividh ghatakanmule kamgar dalat mahilanchya kranticha kaal aala hota. mahila kamgar dalat tyanchya bhavishyasathi adhik achookpane niyojan karatat, mahavidhyalayatil adhik lagoo sahbhagi pramukhanchi nivad karatat jyamule tyanna kamgar bajarat pravesh karnyasathi aanee spardhet bhag ghenyasathi tayar hote. americet, kamgar shakticha sahbhag darr 1948 madheel andaje 59 takkyanvarun 2005 madhye 66 takkyanparyant vadhala, jyamadhye mahilancha sahbhag 32 takkyanvarun 59 takkyanparyant vadhala aanee purushancha sahbhag 87 takkyanvarun 73 takkyanparyant khalee aala.
aadhunik arthshastratil eka samanya siddhant assa dawa karato qee 1960 chya dashakachya uttaradhat amerikechya kamgar dalat sahbhagi sahbhagi mahilanchi vaadh naveen garbhanirodhak tantradnyanacha parichay, garbhanirodhak golya aanee praudh kayadyanchya vayache samayojan yamule jhaali. garbhanirodhakachya vaparamule mahilanna natesambandh tikavoon thevat guntavanuk karnyacha aanee tyanche currier pudhe nenyachi lavchikta midali. tyanchya prajanankshamatechya velevar niyantran thevun, teey tyanchya karkirdichya nivadi ayashasvi karnyacha dhoka patkarat navhate. matra, keval 40 takke lokanni garbhanirodhak golee pratyakshat vaparali. yacha arth assa aahe qee mahilanni tyanchya karkirdichya pragatisathi guntavanuk karane nivadanyat itar ghatakanche yogdan asoo shakate.
yaa pravruttimadhye yogdan denara aanakhi eka ghatak mhanje 1963 chaa samaan vetan kayada, jyacha uddesh ling aadharit vetan vishamata door karane haah hota. asha kayadyanmule laingik bhedbhav qamee jhaala aanee mulanna vadhavanyasathi yogya mobadala midvoon adhik mahilanna kamgar bajarat pravesh karnyas protsahit kele.
1963 madhye, samaan vetan kayada, nagri haqq kayada (1964) aanee shirshak ix (1972) manjur karnyat aale; yaa dhorananmule mahilanchya ell. eff. pii. vadhanyas pathimba midala. samaan vetan kayada purush aanee striya doghannahi vetan denyamadhye lingbhed honyapasoon sanrakshn deto. hii dhorane heey dekhil sunishchit karatat qee kamgar bajarpeth laingik mudatichya sandarbhat niyamanakade laksh dete aanee tyanche palan karate. tathapi, mothee chaal mhanje golichi shakti (1960). jaree eff. dii. aii. neey 1960 madhye aushadhala manyata dilee asali taree, pratyek rajyala tyache niyam aanee nirbandh nishchit karane aavashyak asalyane tyach varshachya uttaradhat haah badal jhaala. golinantar, mahila vyavsayik shikshanasathi aanee pahilya lagnachya vayasathi tyancha vel vadhavu shakat hotya. shikago vidyapithachya vruttpatra niyatkalikanusar, mahilanchya pahilya vivah aanee shaikshanik karkirdit lakshaniy badal jhaala. kayadyachya pahilya varshachya vidyarthyanmadhye 20 takkyanhun adhik vaadh jhaali aahe, tarr 30 takkyanhun qamee tarun striya tyanchya tyanchya vadhadivsachya aadhi lagn karoo ichchitat. mulakhat mulakhat bahutek mahilanni uttar dile qee haah badal golimule jhaala aahe. purushancha pagar varr kinwa khalee asala taree teey kaam karat rahile aanee tyanchya patnincha tyanchyavar parinam jhaala nahee, heey swabhavik hote. matra, mahila, visheshtah tarun vidyarthi vegale asateel. tathapi, 1980 pasoon, vivahit striya tyanchya patichya rojgarachya paristhitichi parva naan karata kaam karnyas tayar hotya.
2000 pasoon ell. eff. pii. samaan thevanyat aala aanee itar vikasit deshanmadhye vaadh hott asali taree tyat kinchit badal karnyat aala. anek ghatak yaa parinamanna karanibhoot tharoo shakatat. yuu.ess. kutumb-snehi dhoranat sarkarchi kamjori asalyache disun aale."clair qeena miller, aine. vaay. tii., aanee denmark, germany, norwey ityadi itar shrimant deshanchya matey. balsangopanasathi varshala sarasari $14,000 kharch karatat, tarr yuu. ess.ess. sarkar keval 500 dollarche samarthan karate. yavyatirikt, shalenantarchya dekhbhalisathi eka hummy sthan.tyachya palakanna jagesathi spardha karavi lagate. 
aitihasik cull.
1861 madheel americi jangananenusar, eka trutiyansh mahila kamgar dalat hotya aanee tyapaiki eka chaturthansh vivahit mahila hotya.
elen dubois aanee lyne dumenil yanchya matey, tyancha andaj aahe qee 1800 teey 1900 yaa kalat kamgar dalatil mahilanchi sankhya ashee aaheh
us department auph lebber andd yuu. nusar.ess. kamgar sankhyiki karyalayah
amerikechya kamgar vibhagachya matey, 2017 paryant ekoon kamgaranpaiki 47 takke mahila asoon tyapaiki 70 takke maata asoon 18 varshankhalil mule aahet.
purush.
yuu. nusar.ess. kamgar sankhyiki karyalay, 1950 pasoon purushanchya ell. eff. pii. madhye ghat jhaali asoon, 1970 madhye 86.4%, 79.7%, 1990 madhye 76.4% aanee 2005 madhye 73.3%. samajik suraksha kayada (1960) yasarkhya vividh dhorananmule hii ghat varshabharat jaast rahoo shakate assa tadnyancha andaj aahe. yavyatirikt, purushanchya shikshanachya sahbhagat ghat, lagnache vay, madak padarthanchya durupayogat vaadh aanee video gamesche vyasan yamule purushanchya ell. eff. pii. madhye ghat houu shakate.
yaa lekhanusar "uchch vayachi manse kamgar dalatoon qaa gayab hott aahet?"(aarthik aadhava, federal reserve banq auph cances ciity, 2018 chya pahilya timahit), lekhkala asey aadhalale qee 1996 teey 2015 yaa kalat, keval madhyamik padvi kinwa sahyogi padvi asalelya prathamik vayatil bahutek purushancha sahbhag naan ghenyacha darr, jyanchyakade pragat padvi aahe tyanchyapeksha khoop jaast asel. madhyam-kushal majuranchi magani tyaa kalat heey spasht karoo shakate. mothya mandichya kalat, ekoon, pratyekachya sahbhag naan ghenyachya darat, tyanchya shaikshanik patalichi parva naan karata vaadh jhaali. tathapi, lekhakane purushanna sakholpane shodhanyacha prayatna keela aanee tyanche chaar vegvegalya gatanmadhye vargikaran keleh jyanchyakade hyschool diploma nahee, jyanchyakade hyschool diploma aahe, jyanchyakade sahyogi padvi aahe aanee jyanchyakade padvi kinwa tyahoon adhik aahe. keval hyschool diploma asalelya gatatoon prachand vaadh jhaali heey spasht hote.
yuu madhye vruddhatva.ess. loksankhyene purushanchya ell. eff. pii. madheel ghat dekhil spasht kelee. purushanche sarasari vay 34 varshanvarun 37.2 varshanparyant vadhale. yavyatirikt, bebby boomer vadhavala gela, jyacha arth 65 varshanpeksha jaast vayache lock aanee prasooti vayatil lock qamee hote. 2020 chya sadhyachya loksankhya sarvekshananusar, bahutek purushanni uchch shikshan, aajarpan kinwa apangatvamule kaam karoo shakale naheet asey sangitale. matra, haah swayam-ahwal aahe. samajik suraksha apangatva karyakramachya sandarbhat, 35 takke praptakartyanni mansik aarogya vikaramule tyanche apangatva asalyache sangitale. itar 30 takke lokanni tyanchya apangatwala pratisad deela, jeey snayu-asthipanjar vikaranshi sambandhit aahe, jyapaiki barechase laththapanamule aahet.
covid-19 nantar purushanchi ell. eff. pii. aar. aanakhi vadhanyachi pravrutti aahe. tadnyanche mhanane aahe qee anek karananmule heey parinam houu shakatat. nivrutt sahbhagi vayache lock lavkar zopayala awadel; jaree teey nirogi asale taree, teey tyancha vel kutumb, chhand kinwa aichchhik goshtinmadhye ghalavanyas pradhanya deteel. yavyatirikt, covid-19 neey bahutek lokansathi, visheshtah jyanna yapurvi tyanchya aarogyachi samasya hotee tyanchyasathi dhoka nirman keela. aanakhi eka kaaran mhanje anek kampanya tyancha karkhana vegvegalya deshanmadhye halavanyacha prayatna karat aahet, jyamule companyancha kharch aanee laabh qamee houu shakatat. vidnyanvishayak abhyasanusar, 30 varshanchya ardhyahun adhik purushanna gunhegari atakecha itihas aahe. purushancha sahbhag naan ghenyache praman vadhanyache heey aanakhi eka kaaran aahe.
aitihasik cull.
yuu. nusar.ess. kamgar sankhyiki karyalayah
sharyat aanee yuu.ess. shramshakti.
vyavasay.
us beuro auph lebber statisticsnusar, 2019 paryant ashiyai lock vyavasthapan padavar rahanyachi shakyata jaast aahe, tarr hyspanics kinwa lattin lock seva kshetrat nokri karanyachi shakyata jaast aahe.
yuu. nusar.kamgar sankhyiki beurochya matey, 1950 pasoon purush ell. eff. pii. madhye ghat jhaali aahe aanee 1970 madhye 86.4%, 79.7%, 1990 madhye 76.4% aanee 2005 madhye 73.3% saha ghat hott aahe. tadnyancha andaj aahe qee samajik suraksha kayada (1960) sarkhya vividh dhorananmule hii ghat kayam rahoo shakate aanee varshanuvarshe jaast houu shakate. yavyatirikt, purushanchya shikshanachya sahbhagat ghat, lagnache vay, madak padarthanchya durupayogat vaadh aanee video gaming vyasan yamule purushanchya ell. eff. pii. madhye ghat houu shakate. purush shramshaktichya sahbhagachya daratil hii ghat bahudha apangatva vimyachya fayadhyamule jhaali, visheshtah alpashikshit purushanchya gatamadhye.
yaa lekhanusar "uchch vayachi manse kamgar dalatoon qaa gayab hott aahet?"(aarthik aadhava, federal reserve banq auph cances ciity, 2018 chya pahilya timahit), lekhkala asey aadhalale qee 1996 teey 2015 yaa kalat, keval madhyamik padvi kinwa sahyogi padvi asalelya prathamik vayatil bahutek purushancha sahbhag naan ghenyacha darr pragat padvi asalelyanchya tulanet khoop jaast asel. 1970 teey 1980 yaa kalat qamee kushal kamgaranchi magani qamee jhaali hotee asey abhyasatoon disun aale. tyaulat, tyaa kalat madhyam-kushal kamgaranchi magani lakshaniyaritya vadhali, heey spasht kele jaau shakate kaaran sansthanni qamee kushal kamgar aanee madhyam-kushal kamgarancha vapar karnyacha prayatna keela hota. mothya mandichya kalat, ekoon, pratyekachya sahbhag naan ghenyachya darat, tyanchya shaikshanik patalichi parva naan karata vaadh jhaali. tathapi, lekhakane purushanna sakholpane shodhanyacha prayatna keela aanee tyanche chaar vegvegalya gatanmadhye vargikaran keleh jyanchyakade hyschool diploma nahee, jyanchyakade hyschool diploma aahe, jyanchyakade sahyogi padvi aahe aanee jyanchyakade padvi kinwa tyahoon adhik aahe. heey spasht hote qee sarvat mothee vaadh keval hyschool diploma asalelya gatatoon jhaali.
yuu madhye vruddhatva.purushanchya ell. eff. pii. madheel ghat dekhil loksankhyene spasht kelee. purushanche sarasari vay 34 varshanvarun 37.2 varshanparyant vadhavanyat aale. yavyatirikt, bebby-boomerchi sankhya vadhali, jyacha arth 65 varshanpeksha jaast vayache lock aanee prasooti vayache lock qamee hote. yaa sankhyansah, jaree kamgar shakticha sahbhag darr samaan rahila asala taree, loksankhyetil vruddhatva ajunahi ell. eff. pii. aar. varr parinam karoo shakate aanee khalee khechu shakate. 2020 chya sadhyachya loksankhya sarvekshananusar, bahutek purushanni sangitale qee teey uchch shikshan, aajari aarogya kinwa apangatvamule kaam karoo shakale naheet, tathapi, haah eka swayam-ahwal aahe. samajik suraksha apangatva karyakramachya sandarbhat, 35 takke praptakartyanni tyanche apangatva mansik aarogya vikaramule asalyache sangitale. national library auph medicinanusar, nairashyache nidan jhalelya purushanchi takkewari mahilanpeksha qamee hotee, tarihi purushanchya shramshaktichya sahbhagachya daravar tyacha parinam lakshaniy hota. yachee vegvegali karane hotee, tee olakhali jaau shakat navhati, nidan kelee jaau shakat navhati aanee upchar naan keleli asoo shakat hotee. aanakhi 30 takke lokanni pratisad deela qee tyanchya apangatvacha sambandh musculoskeletal disordershee aahe, joou laththapanamule aahe.
covid-19 nantar purush ell. eff. pii. aar. madhye aanakhi vaadh honyacha cull asato. tadnyanche mhanane aahe qee yaa parinamansathi anek karane asoo shakatat. nivrutt sahbhagi vayatil lock, jaree teey nirogi asale taree, teey tyancha vel kutumbasathi, chhandansathi kinwa aichchhikpane ghalavanyas pradhanya deteel, teey lavkar nivrutt houu ichchitat. yavyatirikt, covid-19 neey bahutek lokansathi, visheshtah jyanna purvi tyanchya aarogyachi samasya aahe, dhoka nirman keela. aanakhi eka kaaran asey asoo shakate qee anek kampanya tyancha karkhana vegvegalya deshanmadhye halavanyacha prayatna karat aahet jithe companyancha kharch aanee laabh qamee houu shakatat. vidnyanvishayak abhyasanusar, 30 varshanchya ardhyahun adhik purushanna gunhegari itihasachya atakecha samna karava lagato. purushancha sahbhag naan ghenyache praman qaa vadhate heey spasht karnyache heey aanakhi eka kaaran asoo shakate. 
kamgar dalatil aarogya vishamata.
ekhadya vyakticha vyavasay haah aarogyachya mukhya samajik nirdharkanpaiki eka aahe, joou vanshik aanee vanshikdrushtya aarogya vishamata aanee aarogya vishamatemadhye mothya pramanat yogdan deto. vyavasay shrenitil nirdharkanmadhye khaleel goshtincha samavesh hotoh utpann, gruhnirman, pagari aajari raja aanee aarogya vima; teey vyaktichya samajik-aarthik sthitishi sambandhit asatat. yuu.ess. aarogya seva pranali rojgarashi jodaleli aahe aanee kamgar tyanchya niyoktyadvare aarogya vimyasathi paise dett asanyachi shakyata aahe; qamee vetanache kamgar jeey tyanchya rojgarachya madhyamatoon sanrakshn nivadatat teey tyanchya madhyam utpann aanee uchch utpann asalelya samakakshanpeksha tyanchya utpannatun jaast bhag detat. kamgar kshetrantil, visheshtah uchch jokhim asalelya kamgaranchya vanshanusar, nokri kaam kamgaranchi sankhya asman aahe.
utpann, garibi aanee aarogya vima
yuu kadoon adyayavat deta.september 2022 madheel janganana karyalay gelya varshichya kalavadhichya tulanet badalat nahee kinwa kinchit vegale aahe. teen ghatkanvar charcha kelee jaat aaheh
purak daridrya upay (ess. pii. emm.). congresschya sanshodhan sevenusar, ess. pii. emm. heey aarthik vanchitateche eka mojmap aahe. heey sadhan vyakti, kutumbe ityadinchi mahitee gola karnyas, prayatna karnyas aanee ahwal denyas madat karate., vishisht jivanmanaparyant pohochanyasathi aarthik sansadhananchya kamataratesah jagane. kutumbacha aakar aanee rachana hii daridryachi maryada aahe. maryada olandun tyanchya aarthik sansadhananchya aadhare lokanna tyanchi garibeechee sthitee manale jaeel. jyanchya aarthik sadhansamugri maryada peksha qamee aahet tyanna garib manale jaeel. 2021 madhye, adhikrut daridrya darr 11.6% hota, joou garibeet 37.9 dashalaksh lokanchya barobaricha hota aanee ess. pii. emm. 7.8% hota, joou 2020 madheel 9.2% aanee 2019 madheel 11.7% chya tulanet kinchit qamee jhaala. 2021 madheel ess. pii. emm. haah 2009 nantarcha sarvat qamee darr dekhil hota.
aarogya vima. sarvajanik aanee khajgi asey done kshetra aahet. rog niyantran aanee pratibandh sankhyiki kendranusar, 2021 madhye, 18-64 vayogatatil 13.5% lokancha vima utaravala gela, 39.5% lokanni sarvajanik vima vaparla aanee 60.4% lokanni khajgi vima vaparla. jaree vaiyaktik vima sanrakshn heey sarvajanik vima sanrakshanapeksha adhik samanya asale aanee lock samanyatah dindarshika varshat vimyacha prakar badalat asale, taree 2021 madhye, samanya vima sanrakshanachi takkewari 2020 chya tulanet khajgipeksha jaast asel. rashtriy aarogya aakadevari kendrakadun midalelya aakadevarinusar, 18 teey 64 vayogatatil vimadharak praudhanche praman vadhanyacha cull aahe aanee teey kutumbanchya utpannachya patalishi sambandhit aahe. 18 teey 64 paryantchya vimadharak lokanchi takkewari khalee ghasarali aanee khalilpramane 24.5%, 23.7% aanee 8.4% mhanoon lakshaniyaritya qamee jhaali. federal garibeechee patali (eff. pii. ell.) 100% peksha qamee, 100% peksha jaast, 200% peksha qamee aanee 200% madhye vibhagali gelee aahe.
utpann. ess. pii. emm. pramanech, 2020 chya tulanet 2021 madhye mahasulat lakshaniy badal jhalela nahee, $70,784 viruddha. donhi varshanmadhye kamgaranchi ekoon sankhya samaan asali taree, 2021 madhye ekoon sthitee ardhvel ardhvel purnavel purnavel valanyacha cull aahe. ardhvel qamee sarasari utpann purnavel purnavel jaast aahe, sumare 4.1%. 
covid-19 darmyan.
kautumbik pratham corona vishanu kayada (eff. eff. see. aar. aii.), covid-19 mule prabhavit jhalelya kamgaransathi aanee tyaa kayadyatil savalatimule prabhavit jhalelya rangeet lokansathi anivarya pagari aajari raja pradan karato; keval kahee sarvajanik niyokta, 500 peksha qamee qamee khajgi niyokta aanee 50 peksha qamee karmchari asalele lahan vyavasay yaa aadeshasathi patra tharoo shakatat. covid-19 neey kamgaranna asamanatene prabhavit kele, kalya aanee aanee nasalelyanchya vanshanmule aavashyak karyabalatil payabharani honyachi shakyata jaast asate, jyamule tyanna sansarg hoto jyamule teey kaam karoo shakat naheet kinwa pudhe chaloo thevu shakatat; kamgaranche sanrakshn karnyachya aashene eff. eff. see. aar. aii. (2020) manjur karnyat aale hote parantu kayadyachya sandigdhatemule alpasankhyakanchya pagarachya aajaar rajes dhoka nirman hoto. united statesmadhil 30 takkyanhun qamee kamgaranni rajya kayadyane sanrakshit asalelya aajarpanasathichya rajeche paise dile aahet
kamgar shaktichya sahbhagachya darache vishleshan karane.
ekoon darr.
1962 teey 1999 yaa kalat mahilanni yuu. aii. madhye pravesh keela.ess. ekoon ell. eff. pii. aar. madhye kamgar vargachi vaadh sumare 8 takke jhaali. yuu.ess. janewari-april 2000 madhye 67.3% chaa sarvkaleen uchchank gathalyapasun ekoon lfpr (vay 16 +) ghasarat aahe, janewari 2018 paryant 62.7% paryant pohochala aahe. 2000 pasoonchi hii ghasaran pramukhyane bebby boom pidhichya nivruttinantar prerit aahe. ekoon shramshaktichi vyakhya 16 + varshe vayachi vyakti mhanoon kelee jaat asalyane, samanya mukhya kamkajachya vayapeksha (25-54) jaast vyakti asalela vruddha samaj ell. eff. pii. aar. varr satatyane khalchya dishene prabhav padato. arthatadnya aanee loksankhyashastradnyani 1990 chya dashakat, jarr purvi nasel tarr, ghasaranicha andaj vartavala hota. udaharanarth, 1999 darmyan bii. ell. ess. neey andaj vartavala qee 2015 madhye ekoon ell. eff. pii. aar. 66.9% aanee 2025 madhye 63.2% asel. federal rakheev arthshastradnyanni (mhanje.eae.december 2007 madhye suru jhalelya mothya mandipurvi) 2016 paryant ell. eff. pii. aar. 64 takkyanpeksha qamee asel, joou tyaa varshichya 62.7% sarasarichya jawal asel assa andaj vartavala hota.
jevha paribhashit loksankhyetil (vibhajak) takkewari vaadh kamgar shaktitil takkewari vadhipeksha jaast asate (mhanje.eae., nokri kaam aanee berojgaranchi berries, ansh). berojgarichya darachya sandarbhat, jarr berojgaranchya (ansh) sankhyet jhaleli takkewari vaadh kamgaranchya (vibhajak) sankhyet jhalelya takkewari vadhipeksha jaast asel tarr berojgaricha darr vadhel.
kamache vay pramukh darr.
arthatadnya 25-54 vayogatatil tyaa alpavayinanchya kamgaransathi lfprche vishleshan dekhil karatat. ganitiyadrushtya, heey praman ansh (kamgar shaktiche vay 25-54) aanee vibhajak (nagri loksankhyeche vay 25-54) neey mojale jaate. yamule vruddha loksankhyecha parinam door honyas, kaam kaam vayatil vyaktinmadhil cull adhik changlya prakare samajoon ghenyas madat houu shakate. aktoobar 1997 teey april 2000 yaa kalavadhit ell. eff. pii. aar. haah uchchank teen vela 84.5% varr pohochala. mothya mandipurvi, november 2007 madhye haah darr 83.3% hota, tyanantar julai 2015 madhye 80.5% chya gartet aala, tyanantar janewari 2018 madhye too satatyane 81.7% varr parat gela. janewari 2018 paryant sankatpurv patali parat midvu naan shakalelya kahee pramukh kamgar bajaratil chalanpaiki haah eka aahe aanee kamgar bajaratil mandatecha eka soochak aahe.
2018 madhye spasht kelelya congresschya arthsankalpiy karyalayane uchch shaikshanik prapticha sambandh uchch kamgar shaktichya sahbhagashi aahe. apangatvamule vayane mothe asalele purush shramshaktichya baher asatat, tarr mahilanche mukhya kaaran kutumbatil sadasyanchi kalji ghene heey asate. vruddha loksankhyela gharatil jyeshth kutumbatil sadasyanchya madatichi jitaki garaj asate, titka yaa samoohachya sahbhagavar dekhil khalchya dishene dabav yeto.
kishoravayin kamgarancha sahbhag.
1979 madhye, 57.9 takke kishoravayin mulanni sahbhag ghetalyane, kishoravayin kamgaranchya sahbhagacha darr sarvadhik hota. hota shatkachya suruvatila, kishoravayin kamgaranchya sahbhagachya darat lakshaniy ghat jhaali hotee aanee 2017 teey 2024 yaa kalavadhit hii ghat aanakhi qamee honyachi apeksha hotee.
kishoravayin kamgaranchya sahbhagat ghat honyache kaaran mhanje kishoravayin mulanmadhye tyanchya kutumbachya dabavasah vatavaran hote. vatavaranamule anekanvar mahavidhyalayat jaanyasathi dabav aala, unhali shaala adhik prachalit jhaali aanee shalechi kaame adhik thakavanari jhaali. gelya kahee varshant mahavidhyalayacha kharch vadhala aahe, parantu tyane kishoravayin mulanna mahavidhyalayat naan jaanyas bhag padale nahee. mahavidhyalayat jaanyasathi madat madat kishoravayin mulanchi sankhya jaast aahe. shalet shalet kishoravayin mulanchi sankhya vadhali aahe aanee kamgar dalat sahbhagi sahbhagi kishoravayin mulanchi sankhya qamee jhaali aahe.
jyaa kishoravayin mulanna mahavidhyalayat jayache nahee, tyanna adhik anubhavi vyaktinshi spardha asate, udaharanarth padvisah mahavidhyalayatun padvi midavalelya vyakti, praudh vyakti aanee itar deshantil vyakti jeey americet jaaun nokri midvanyacha prayatna karatat. yamule kishoravayin kamgaranchya sahbhagat ghat honyasahi hatbhar lagla aahe.
masik 1944-2017 sadhyachya loksankhya sarvekshanavaril pyu sanshodhan kendrachya vishleshananusar, 16 varshanpeksha jaast vayachya sahasrabdi yu. ess. madheel sarvat mothya pidhiche pratinidhitva karatat.ess. 35 takkyanhun adhik sahbhagi kaam karatat kinwa nokarichya shodhat asatat, aanee yuddhanantarche heey sarvadhik shrambal aahe.
covid-19 darmyan sahbhag.
covid-19 mahamarimule kamgar dalatil dalatil sankhyet mothee ghat jhaali. pyu sanshodhan kendrachya matey, februwari 2020 teey februwari 2021 yaa kalavadhit covid-19 mule andaje 42 laakh lokanni kamgar dall sodale, jeey mothya mandichya kalat disalelya rojgarahanipeksha khoopach jaast aahe. kamgar dalatoon baher baher 24 laakh mahila hotya, jeey kamgar dalatil nimmyahoon qamee asoonahi baher baher nimmyahoon adhik aahet. niyoktyanni 2023 madhye aataparyant 417,500 417,500 kapat kelee aahe, jee 2020 nantarchi sarvadhik aahe. chhatani pramukhyane tantradnyan kshetrat kendrit aahe, jyat yaa varshi aataparyant 136,800 chhatani jhalya aahet.
covid-19 mahamarine american kamachya thikani badal ghadavanyapurvi, sumare 76.7 takke niyoktyanni niyoktyanni dursanvad qamee kinwa nahee asey sangitale. tyanche kahee karmchari 2021 madhye gharoon kaam karatat asey asey sansthanchi takkewari sumare 30 takke hotee, parantu 2022 madhye tee 16 takkyanparyant ghasarali aahe.
motha rajinama.
mahamarine kamgar bajarpethet eka badal ghadavun aanala, jithe kamgaranni mothya sankhyene swechhene tyanchi nokri sodanyas suruvat kelee. yuu.ess. beuro auph lebber statisticsne mhatale aahe qee julai 2021 paryant 40 laakh kamgar swechhene tyanchya niyoktyapasun vegale jhaale hote. 2021 chya suruvatila suru jhalelya kalavar anek ghatakancha parinam hott hota. gharoon kaam karnyachya mothya badalasah aanee asurakshit kamkajachya paristhitikade parat jaanyashi sambandhit jokhim, balsangopanacha abhav, kamgar bajarpeth jithe ekhadi vyakti nokri sodu shakate aanee itaratra jaast pagar aanee ekoon ekoon thakbaki, niyoktyanna mandiche thode purave asalelya uchch uladhaliche darr anubhavata yet hote. yuu. nusar.ess. vanijya mandal, yuu. aii. madheel serve udyog.ess. aadaratithya aanee aarogyasevechya sarvadhik sankhyemule kamgar bajarpeth prabhavit jhaali, tarr bandhkam, khankam aanee teel/vayoo udhyoganvar farsa kinwa konatahi parinam jhaala nahee.
ess. aar. emm. chya sarvekshanat asey aadhalun aale aahe qee millennials aanee jaine zedmadhye bebby boomers aanee jaine expeksha naveen kaam shodhanyachi shakyata jaast aahe. nishkarsh rojgar shodhanyachya ichchecha hawala detat jyamule tyanna adhik santulit jeevan jagata yeil aanee tyanchya sadhyachya bhoomikanmadhye nasalelya vadhichya sandhincha tyanchya pratisadkartyanchya karyabal palayanasathi pravesh milel. tathapi, hii karane ess. aar. emm. pratisadkartyansathi vegali naheet. kamgaranchya drushtikonat badal, ekoon pradhanyakram aanee tyanchya nokarishi asalelya sambandhambaddalchi dharana heey mahamariche lakshan aahe, jyamule anekanna tyanchi kaam karanyachi aanee jaganyachi paddhat mothya pramanat badalanyas bhag padale. udaharanarth, kahee kamgaranni tyanchya kamache prakar janivpurvak aupcharik nokarichya varnananparyant maryadit thevun, purvasthapit apeksha purn karoonahi tyaa olandun aanee atirikt kamansathi kadhihi swayamsevi naan houn, kaam sodanyachi shant mansikta vikasit kelee.
texas aii andd emm vidyapithache sanghatanatmak manasshastradnya, anthany clotz yanchya matey, asthiratechya kalat kamgaranchya badalatya bhavna, mahilanchya baher padnyachya daracha darr purushanchya duppat hota, jyanni 'daad gret rejection' haah shabdahi tayar keela."parinami, kamgar dalatil tyancha sahbhag 30 varshanchya nichanki patalivar aahe.
paradeshi kamgar.
janewari 2018 paryant kamgar dalat 27.8 laakh paradeshi-janmalele kamgar hote. janewari 2018 madhye yaa gatache ekoon ell. eff. pii. aar. 65.1% hote. 2013 paryant, americet paradeshi-janmalelya sthalantarit kamgar dalat sahbhagi sahbhagi lokancha sarvoch gut mexico aanee madhya americetil vyakti hota. sthalantarit kamgaranchya sahbhagamadhye tyancha 40.3 takke vaataa hota. meksikone madhya amerikepeksha jaast vajan midavale, jyamadhye tyanni 32 takke kamgaransah bahusankhya kamgar fakt mexicohoon ghetale hote. 2013 madhye, californiamadhye americet janmalele bahutansh paradeshi kamgar sthalantarit hote, tyapaiki sumare ardhe mexico aanee madhya americetil hote.
paradeshat janmalelya striya.
jeey lock americet rahatat parantu yuu. ess. madhye janmalele naheet.ess. too paradeshat janmalela manla jaato. bahutansh prakarananmadhye, teey vegvegalya deshanmadhye, tumhi nasalelya palkansobat janmala aale hote.ess. nagrik. kamgar bajarpethet paradeshi-janmalelya kamgaranchi jawaljawal sankhya hyspanic aahe. beuro auph lebber statisticschya vruttanusar, 2021 madhye paradeshat janmalelya mulanchi sankhya 670,000 peksha jaast jhaali. mool janmalelya mulansathi hii sankhya aparivartit hotee. linganusar, 2021 madhye paradeshi-janmalelya purushanni, mool-janmalelya purushanpeksha, 76.8% saha, bajarat adhik yogdan dile aanee mahilanche paradeshat-janmalele praman, mool-janmalelya mahilanpeksha 56.6% neey qamee aahe. sarasari utpannachya babatit, paradeshi-janmalelya kamgaranna sthanik-janmalelya kamgaranpeksha qamee vetan dile jaate, saptahik vetan anukrame $898 aanee $1,017 aahe.
1960 pasoon, ameriketalya serve gatanmadhye paradeshat janmalelya sthalantarit mahilancha kamgar bajarpethet sahbhag darr sarvat qamee aahe. yaa gatanmadhye sthalantarit purush aanee americet janmalelya vyaktincha samavesh aahe. paradeshi janmalelya sthalantarit mahila mool janmalelya purushanpeksha 75 teey 78 takke qamee shramshaktimadhye sahbhagi hotat. kamgar shaktichya sahbhagachya babatit, mexico aanee madhya americetil paradeshat janmalelya sthalantarit mahila yaa kamgar shaktitil sahbhaginchi sarvat qamee sankhya aahet. paradeshat janmalele sthalantarit jeey kamgar dalat sahbhagi honyacha prayatna karat aahet parantu tyanna rojgar milat nahee, berojgariche darr khalilpramane aahet. berojgarimadhye paradeshat janmalelya sthalantarit mahila kamgar (9.1 takke), sthanik mahila kamgar (7.9 takke), mexico aanee madhya americet paradeshat janmalelya sthalantarit mahila kamgar (12.1 takke) aanee itar paradeshat janmalelya sthalantarit mahila kamgar (7.7 takke) yancha samavesh aahe.
paradeshi purush.
kamgar shaktichya sahbhagachya drushtine, mexico aanee madhya americetil paradeshi-janmalele sthalantarit purush heey kamgar shaktitil sahbhaginchi sarvat mothee sankhya aahe. paradeshi-janmalelya sthalantarit purushansathi sambhavya kamgar shakti sahbhaginchi sankhya paradeshi-janmalele sthalantarit purush kamgar (9.9 takke), sthanik purush kamgar (10.4 takke), mexico aanee madhya american paradeshat-janmalele sthalantarit purush kamgar (11.4 takke) aanee itar paradeshi-janmalele sthalantarit purush kamgar (8.6 takke) aahet. paradeshi-janmalelya sthalantarit purushancha berojgaricha darr sthanik kamgaransarkhach aahe, parantu mexico aanee madhya americetil paradeshi-janmalelya sthalantarit purushancha berojgaricha darr americet kaam shodhat asalelya paradeshi-janmalelya sthalantarit purushanchya itar gatanchya tulanet lakshaniyaritya jaast aahe.
aantarrashtriy tulana.
2017 sathee, kendriya guptachar sansthene yuu.ess. chean (8 kotee 70 laakh), bharat (5 kotee 22 laakh) aanee european union (23 kotee 50 laakh) nantar, sumare 16 kotee kamgaransah jagatil chauthya kramankachi sarvat mothee kamgar shakti aahe.
kshetranusar.
united states beuro auph lebber statistixkadoon ghetalela takta khalee deela aahe. hii nokarichya vargikarananchi aanee pratyek shrenitil varshik vadhicha darr yanchi yadee aahe. 

