ichel grating

ekel grating (french 'échelle' pasoon, jyacha arth 'sheedy' assa hoto) haah eka prakarcha vivartan grating aahe jyache vaishishtya tulanene qamee khamba ghanata aahe, parantu khambacha aakar joou uchch aaptan konanvar aanee mhanoon uchch vivartan kramanmadhye vaparnyasathi anukool aahe. uchch vivartan kramane detectorvar varnakrameey vaishishtyanche failav (antar) vadhanyas parvanagi milate, jyamule yaa vaishishtyanche vegalepan vadhanyas saksham hote. itar prakarchya vivartan grattingpramanech, spectrometer aanee tatsam upkarnanmadhye ichal grattingscha vapar keela jaato. teey harp, parra aanee itar asankhya khagolshastriy upkarnansarkhya cross-dispersed uchch resolution spectrographmadhye sarvat upayukt aahet.
itihas.
charaichya konanvar vaparlya jaanarya khadbadit-shasit gratingchi sankalpana albert michelsonne 1898 madhye shodhun kadhali, jithe tyane tyala 'echelon' mhanoon sambodhale. tathapi, 1923 paryantach eachel spectrometerne tyanche vaishishtyapurn swaroop swikaranyas suruvat kelee, jyamadhye uchch-resolution gratingcha vapar cross kelelya qamee-failav gratingchya sanyogane keela jaato. nagoka aanee mishima yanni yaa sanrachanecha shodh lavala aanee tevhapasoon tyach mandanit vaparali jaat aahe.
tattva.
itar vivartan grattingspramanech, ichel grattingmadhe sankalpanatmakdrushtya vikshepan kelelya prakashachya tarangalambichya jawal rundi asalelya anek cheere asatat. samanya aapatanannusar manak gratingmadhil ekach tarangalambicha prakash madhyavarti shoonya kramane aanee vishisht konanvar kramik uchch kramane vighatit keela jaato, joou grating ghanata/tarangalambiche gunottar aanee nivadalelya kramane paribhashit keela jaato. uchch kramanmadhil koneey antar ekaraspane qamee hote aanee uchch kramanmadhil antar ekmekanchya khoop jawal jaau shakate, tarr khalchya kramanche antar changle vegale asate. gratingla zukavoon vivartan namunyachi tivrata badalali jaau shakate. paravartak grattings (jethe chhidre atyant paravartak prushthbhagane badalali jaatat), paravartak bhag jhukavala jaau shakato (ujalalela) jyamule bahutek prakash aavadichya pasantichya dishene (aanee vishisht vivartan kramane) vikhurla jaau shakato. 
anek tarangalambisathi tech kharey aahe; tathapi, asha paristhitit uchch kramachya dirgh tarangalambisathi qamee tarangalambichya pudhil kramane (oo) overlap karane shakya aahe, joou sahasa avanchhit dushparinam asato.
tathapi, eachel gratingsmadhye, heey vartan jaanunbujun vaparale jaate aanee anek ativyapi uchch ordersathi blaze anukulit kele jaate. heey atiparisar thet upayukt naslyamule, eka sekand, lambpane basavalela vikhurnara ghatak (grating kinwa prism) beam margavar "aurder separator" kinwa "cross dispersor" mhanoon samavisht keela jaato. tyamule varnpatamadhye vegvegalya, parantu kinchit ativyapi, tarangalambichya shreni asalelya pattyancha samavesh asato, jyaa tirkas namunyat imaging plainver chalatat.
agadi hetch vartan aahe jeey broadband, uchch-resolution spectroscopic upkaranansah imaging samasyanvar maat karnyas madat karate, jase qee atyant lamb, resheey shodh arrey kinwa majboot defocus kinwa itar vichalanancha vapar karane aanee sahaj upalabdh asalelya 2 dii-shodh arrecha vapar vyavharya banavate, jyamule mojamapachi vel qamee hote aanee karyakshamta sudharate.

