skidmore, ovings aanee merrill

skidmore, ovings andd merrill (soam) hii eka american sthapatya, shahari niyojan aanee abhiyantriki company aahe. yachee sthapana 1936 madhye eleanoymadhil shikago yethe lui skidmore aanee nathaniel ovings yanni kelee hotee. 1939 madhye, abhiyanta johnn merrill tyanchyasobat sameel jhaale. companyne 1937 madhye newyork shaharat dusare karyalay ughadale aanee tevhapasoon sann francisco, losses angelis, washington, dii. yethe karyalayansah aantarrashtriy staravar vistar keela aahe.see., london, melburn, hongkong, shanghay, ciatal aanee dubai.
50 deshantil hajaro prakalpancha vistar asalela summ haah jagatil sarvat mahattvachya sthapatya sansthanpaiki eka aahe. companychya ullekhaneey sadhyachya kamat walt disney companyche naveen mukhyalay, citygroupche jaagtik mukhyalay, moyinihan railway sabhagruh aanee vistarit paine station sankul aanee newyork shaharatil waldorf estoriyache jirnoddhar aanee nutanikaran; ohare aantarrashtriy vimantal, cances shahar aantarrashtriy vimantal aanee kempegouda aantarrashtriy vimantalavaril vimantal prakalp; parismadhil charenton-bursey jilhyasathi shahari master plan, londonmadhil naveen covent garden, sann franciscomadhil khajina bett, detroitmadhil purv nadikath yancha samavesh aahe.ess. 62, newyork shaharatil pahili nivval-shoonya-urja shaala; aanee chandra gavachi rachana, pahili kayamswarupi chandra vastichi sankalpana, european space agency aanee massatusates institute auph technologies vikasit kelee gelee. americetil aadhuniktavadi vastukalecha praneta mhanoon aanee gaganchumbi imaratichya rachana aanee bandhkamatil tyachya abhootpurv kamasathi ullekhaneey asalelya somane jagatil kahee sarvat unch vastu aanee shahari prakalpanchi rachana kelee aahe, jyat jagatil anek sarvat unch imarati samavisht aaheth johnn hancock center (1969, jevha bandhale gele tevha jagatil jhalelya kramankache sarvat unch), villis tower (1973, vees varshanhun adhik kaal jagatil sarvat unch), eka jaagtik vyapar kendra (2014, sadhya jagatil satvya kramankache sarvat unch) aanee burj khalifa (2010, sadhya jagatil sarvat unch imarat).
somcha bahushakhiy sarav vividh pramananmadhye aanee prakalp prakaranmadhye karya karato, joou vastukala, imarat seva/emm. eae. pii. abhiyantriki, digital rachana, graphics, aateel rachana, sanrachanatmak abhiyantriki, nagri abhiyantriki, shashvat rachana aanee shahari rachana aanee niyojan yaa kshetratil seva pradan karato.
itihas aanee prabhav.
suruvatichi kaame.
companycha pahila prabhavshali prakalp liver haus hota, joou 1952 madhye purn jhaala aanee newyork shaharatil pahili aantarrashtriy shailichi karyalayin imarat bunley. udyanatil marg dagadanchya imaratinni sajalela asatana kachene aanee poladane bandhalele, liver hausane eka aadhuniktavadi saundarya parichay karoon dile, jeey tyaa kalatil bhavaneche moort swaroop hote aanee unch imaratichya sampoorn pidhivar prabhav padat hote. vastu itihaskar reiner bunham yane 1962 madhye lihile qee, "yug jyapramane janmala yet hota, tyach yugala tyane vastushastriy abhivyakti dilee... liver haus heey eka aniyantrit yash hote, jyache anukaran kele gele aanee kadhikadhi sampoorn american jagaat samajale gele aanee newyorkchya prekshaniy sthalanpaiki eka hote. 1982 madhye, newyork shahar khuna sanrakshn aayogane liver hausala adhikrut khuna mhanoon niyukt kele.
newyork shaharatil somchya kamat 1954 madhye united statesmadhil pahili aantarrashtriy shailichi banq imarat mhanoon purn jhaleli manufacturers trust companychi imarat aanee 1960 madhye purn jhalelya pepsy-koola jaagtik mukhyalayacha samavesh hota. sthapatya itihaskar heinry-russel hitchcock yanni pepsy imaratila "praman aanee sahityachya abhijatateche parishkaran karnyat antim" mhatale, tarr newyork timesche samikshak adaa louis huxtable yanni tee "shaharachya kahee aadhunik khuna, sigram aanee liver hausasah, yadeet shirshasthani thewali."pudhchya varshi newyork shaharachya aarthik jeelhyat ubharanyat aaleli pahili aantarrashtriy shailichi imarat, vann chages manhatton plaza (nantar 28 liberty street) purn jhaali. haah prakalp madhya shahar manhatton aanee upnagaranmadhye corporate palayan karnyachya jodine badalanyas madat karnyasathi prasiddha aahe aanee anek varshanchya ghasaraninantar loar manhattenla eka vyavharya vyavsayik jilha mhanoon punha sthapit kele aahe. somchya 28 liberty streetchya aarakhadyane burujachya bhovati eka plaza tayar karoon aarthik jilhyachya gardichya rastyanchya aavarat dekhil badal ghadavun aanala, hii eka naveen sankalpana aahe jee bhavishyatil anek prakalpanmadhye sweekarli jaeel.
somchya aadhuniktavadi kamanche aanakhi eka udaharan colorado springs, colorado yethe aadhalate, jithe somane yuu. sathee campuschi yojana aakhali hotee.ess. havai dall akadami. 1958 aanee 1968 darmyan bandhanyat aalela haah parisar west point aanee anapolischya paramparanpasun vegala houn pahila yuu.ess. aadhunik shailit tayar keleli lashkari akadami. vastuvisharad walter nesh yanni rachana kelele cadett chappel heey parisarache kendrabindu aahe. american institute auph architectsne yaa imaratila tyachya pratishthit panchvis varshanchya puraskarane sanmanit kele, "gelya 25 teey 35 varshanpasun eka udaharan prasthapit karnari aanee tyachya sthapatya rachana aanee mahattvasathi utkrushtateche manak nishchit karat asalelya imaratila" pradan kele.
tikau rachana.
somcha shashvat vastukala aanee rachanecha dirgh itihas aahe. 1969 madhye, soam sansthapak nathaniel ovings yanni lihile, "sanskruti pruthvivar khuna sodatat jyadvare tyanna olakhale jaate aanee nyay deela jaato. mothya pramanat, tyanchya amaratvache swaroop tyanchya bandhkamkartyanni paryavaranashi kitee changlya prakare shantata sadhali yavar mojale jaate.(strotah nathaniel ovings, daad american esthetic, harper andd roow, 1969) yaa tattvadnyanane shashvat paddhatinmadhye firmchya pravasala aakar deela aahe. eka prarambhik udaharan mhanje 1971 madhye purn jhalelya warehazer companysathi tayar kelele mukhyalay, jyala keval aajubajuchya bhupradeshat ekikaran karnyasathich navhe tarr karyaksham bandhkam pranalinchya vaparasathi dekhil 'mool harit imarat' mhatale gele aahe. mothya pramanavar shashvat vastukaletil aanakhi eka mailacha dagad mhanje yu. aii. purn karane.ess. 2007 madhye janganana karyalayache mukhyalay, lead pramanpatra prapt karnari pahili federal karyalayin imarat. veyarheysarpramanech, parisarachi rachana tyachya naisargik sabhovatalachya vatavaranabarobar susangatpane karya karate aanee tyacha paryavaraniy parinam qamee karnyasathi rachana dhoranancha samavesh karate.
2015 madhye, somane newyork shaharatil pahili nivval-shoonya-urja shalechi imarat purn kelee aanee jagbharatil pahilya imaratinpaiki eka. american institute auph architects, municiple aart society aanee urban land institute yasah sansthanni statton aayalandchya sandy ground yetheel cathleen griim school phaur leadership andd sustainabilityla tyachya sustainability kamgirisathi sanmanit kele aahe. somala tyachya sanshodhan aanee naveen urja-bachat aanee carbon-qamee tayar tantradnyanasaha prayogasathi manyata midali aahe, jase qee lakud buruj aanee sudharit concrete slab design.
uchch-unchivaril navkalpana.
1970 chya dashakat, somane shikagomadhye tyachya kamasah gaganchumbi imaratichya rachanechya naveen yugacha pudhakar ghetala, jyat johnn hancock center (1970 purn) aanee vilis tower (purvi sears tower) yancha samavesh aahe, jee 1973 madhye purn jhalyanantar jagatil sarvat unch rachana bunley aanee 20 varshanhun adhik kaal tashich rahili. donhi manore heey vastuvisharad broos graham aanee abhiyanta fazlur rahman khaan yanchyatil sahkaryacha parinam aahet, jyanna anekada 20 vya shatkatil sarvat mahan sanrachanatmak abhiyanta manale jaate. khanane eka nalikatmak rachana pranalicha shodh lavala jyamule purvipeksha jaast unchivar bandhane shakya jhaale. hii pranali sweekarli gelee aahe aanee aajahi jagatil kahee sarvat alikadil sarvat unch imaratinsathi vaparali jaate, jyat 828 meater unch burj khalifa samavisht aahe, jyachi rachana somane kelee hotee aanee 2010 madhye purn jhaali hotee.
digital rachana navkalpana.
1960 aanee 1970 chya dashakat, soam heey sanganak-sahayyit rachneteel suruvatiche nete hote, jeey aaj mothya pramanat vaparlya vaparlya cadd pranalinpurvichya antargat digital sadhanancha vikas karat hote. johnn hancock centersarkhya prakalpanchya aarakhadyala madat karat, fazlur khaan aanee tyachya abhiyantriki chamoone swikarlelya sanrachanatmak vishleshan sadhananchya nirmitimadhye heey kaam patkan maulyavan tharale.
sanganak gut mhanoon olakhalya vaparlya prayogik sanshodhan gatachi karyapaddhati, tantrik sanshodhanacha tyachya vyavharat samavesh karnyachya sansthetil visheshtah faldayi prayatnanche udaharan dete. 1970 aanee 1980 chya dashakat, tulanene lahan, samarpit gatachya sadasyanni sanganakachya vardhit deta-sanchayan aanee vishleshanatmak kshamatanna rachana prakriyechya vividh tappyanmadhye samakalit karnyasathi prayatna kele. yaa upkramandvare, keval aavashyak gananes gatee denyasathich navhe tarr mahitiche pratinidhitva aanee samayikaran karnyache naveen marg dekhil sadar karnyasathi sanganakachi kshamata olakhanyat soam saksham hote. jyapramane sanrachanatmak abhiyantrikikade suruvatichya kalat keval vastushastriy kalpana sakar karnyaivaji nirman karnyache sadhan mhanoon pahile jaau lagale, tyach prakare ektrit prayatnansah, sanganakanchi sansthet aanee akheris sampoorn udhyogat, sthapatyashastriy navkalpanansathi utprerak mhanoon vishvasarhata prapt jhaali. 1980 madhye, soam yetheel antargat chamoone architecture abhiyantriki pranali tayar kelee, eka sanganak karyakram joou jatil sanrachanatmak pranali aanee urjechya magnyancha abhyas karnyasathi vaparla gela. haah karyakram aata vyavasayadvare vaparlya vaparlya imarat mahitee modelling (bii. aay. emm.) sadhananchya shrenicha purvavarti manla jaato.
qalaa aanee vastukaleche ektrikaran karane.
anek dashakanpasun, somchya anek prakalpanmadhye mahattvapoorn kalakaranchya kalakrutincha samavesh aahe. anek prakarananmadhye, companychya vastuvishardanni aanee abhiyantyanni kaam suru karnyat, abhiyantriki karnyat aanee kalakrutinna sthapit karnyat bhoomika bajavali-udaharanarth shaharachya nagri kendratil 50 phoot unch steelche shilp asalelya shikago picasosah. johnn miro, alekzandar calder, isamu noguchi, harry bertia, richard lipold, jeane dubfet aanee krissa heey kalakar aahet jyanche kaam soam prakalpancha bhag rahile aahe. agadi alikade, somche vastuvisharad aanee abhiyante james turrell, genette ekelman, inigo manglano-oval, james sutar aanee jomm plensa yansarkhya kalakaranshi sahkarya karatat.
lock.
samchi rachana bhagidari mhanoon kelee jaate. sadhyache bhagidar aanee sallagar bhagidar asey aaheth mustafa abadan, william bekar, thomas behar, keath bosewell, carrie biles, larry cheen, lio chau, brant koleta, criss cooper, paul dannah, michael dunken, scott dunken, laura ettleman, juan phoo, tii.jeey. gotesdiener, garry hanny, kregg hartman, kent jackson, collin koop, keneth louis, marqa sarkisian, addam semel, jonathan stein aanee douglus voigt.
sansthapak aanee ullekhaneey vastuvisharad.
40 varshanhun adhik kaal sommadhye rachana netrutva mhanoon bharbharatila aalelya gorden bunsoftla 1988 madhye yaa vyavasayacha sarvoch sanman, pritzker architecture puraskar midala.
somashi sambandhit asalelya ullekhaneey vastuvishardanmadhye stephen epping, tii. jeey. gotesdiener, edward charles basset, nataly dii blois, gorden bunshaft, david childs, robbert diamont, phillip inquist, myron goldsmith, broos graham, garry hanny, kregg doubleu. hartman, gertrude curbis, fazlur rahman khaan. lucien lagrange, walter nesh, larry altmans, ester pesi, brigit pieterhance, norma merrick sclerec, adrian smith aanee merlyn jorden teller
mahila soam.
1947 madhye architectchya sahyogi sansthetil sansthapak bhagidar architect sally harkness yanchi jhalelya mahayuddhadarmyan tyanchya patee chip harkness yanchyasobat companyt mulakhat ghenyat aalee hotee, parantu keval tyanchya patila nokarichi aupher midali. nantarchya aayushyat eka mulakhatit, sally harknessne spasht kele qee teela sanganyat aale hote qee company mahilanchi nemanook karnyavar vishvas thevat nahee. norma merrick sclarec yaa african-american vyaktila, yapurvi itar 19 kampanyanni nakarlyanantar, 1955 madhye somane kamavar ghetale hote. tee tithe 5 varshe rahili aanee akheris tine swatachi company suru kelee. patricia weston hansane tichi 30 varshanchi karkird anek netrutva bhoomikansah soams ghalavali parantu kadhihi bhagidar darja prapt keela nahee, jyala denver denver eka eka tyaa velee soams yethe asalelya 'kachechya kamal maryadecha' purava mhanoon pahile
julia murphy 2008 madhye sammadhye sameel jhaali tevha mahila jodidar navhatya aanee fakt mojkyach digdarshak hotya. yaa asantulanache nirakaran karnyacha prayatna karnyasathi, 2010 madhye tine soam yethe mahilancha upkram punha suru keela joou purvi 2002 teey 2004 darmyan sakriy hota.
2020 yaa varshane eka badal ghadavun aanala jyamadhye carrie biles, juan phoo aanee laura ettelman yaa teen mahila bhagidaranna 1250-vyaktinchya companychya karyakari samitivar nemanyat aale.
kahee paya.
vastukala, rachana, shahari rachana aanee abhiyantrikichya utkrusht vidyarthyanna puraskar deuun udayonmukh rachana netyanna pathimba aanee protsahan denyachya uddeshane soam foundationchi sthapana pahilyanda 1979 madhye karnyat aalee hotee. soam foundation puraskaranchya anek vijetyanni vyavsayik aanee shaikshanik karkirdit swatahla vegale kele aahe. yapurvichya vijetyanmadhye marrian vees (1982), verner sobeck (1983), himanshu parikh (1985), santiago calatrava (1988) aanee joshua ramas (1995) yancha samavesh aahe. soam foundation, america, united kingdam aanee chinmadhil vidyarthyanna paach varshik puraskar deuun, udayonmukh rachana agraganyanna aanee aantarshakhiy sanshodhanala pathimba dett aahe.
puraskar.
tyachya sampoorn itihasat, somala gunavatta aanee navinyasathi 2000 hoon adhik puraskaranni manyata midali aahe. 1996 aanee 1962 madhye, samala american institute auph architectskadoon architecture firm puraskar midala, joou sampoorn firmchya rachana karyala manyata deto. donada haah sanman midavanari soam hii ekmev company aahe. august 2009 madhye somala architect masikakadoon upalabdh asalelya 13 paiki chaar aar + dii puraskar midale. yavyatirikt, soam aanee vastukala, vidnyan aanee paryavaran kendra asalelya rainsler polytechnic institutemadhil sahkaryala pachvya puraskarane sanmanit karnyat aale.
shist.
shahari rachana aanee niyojan.
yaa sansthechya sthapanepasun, somane mothya pramanat shahari rachana aanee niyojan prakalpanche netrutva kele aahe. yapaiki anek prakalpanchi america aanee jagatil shahare aanee shahari bhaganchya vikasat kayamswarupi bhoomika aahe, jyat london, shikago, newyork shahar, washington, dii.see.baltimore, denver aanee portland, oregon. somchya shahar rachana saravane shahari rachana drushtikonanmadhye, jase qee sankraman-kendrit vikas, atibandhani dhorane aanee shashvat shaharikaran yanmadhye prabhavshali yogdan dile aahe.
1942 madhye, somala yuu. aii. neey niyukt kele.ess. atyant gopaneey prakalpasathi abhiyantyanche lashkari dalah oka rijche niyojan, tenacy. 1945 paryant heey shahar 75,000 lokanche ghar hote. oka parvataranganvaril kamane yuddhanantarchya yugala paribhashit karnare mothya pramanat sthapatya aanee niyojan prakalp haatee ghenyasathi soam tayar kele.
20 varshanhun adhik kaal, soam washington, dii. madheel rashtriy molsathi master plan vikasit karnyat guntalela hota.see. 1962 madhye rashtradhyaksh johnn eff. kenedine nathaniel ovings yanchi pensylvania avenue redesign councilche adhyaksh mhanoon niyukti kelee aanee parinami 1966 chya washington maull master planney gatishil, aamantrit aanee aanee anukool jaagechi chaukat tayar kelee. 1973 madhye vikasit jhalelya jhalelya mukhya aarakhadyat rashtriy havai aanee antaral sangrahalay, hirshorn sangrahalay aanee shilp udyan aanee rashtriy qalaa shilp udyan yasah pramukh sanskrutik suvidhanchya bandhkamachi kalpana karnyat aalee.
1960 chya dashakat baltimoremadhye, unch mahamargachya niyojit bandhkamasathi marg tayar karnyasathi shaharachya aitihasik jilhyancha aanee aateel bandaracha naash rokhanyat somane mahattvapoorn bhoomika bajavali. paryayi yojana vikasit karnyasathi eka sanghache adhyaksh mhanoon, nathaniel ovings yanni federal hayave prashasanala mahamargacha marg badalanyachya yojnevar swakshari karnyas patvoon dile. heey aparivartaniy parisar vachavat, akheris bandar aanee aitihasik sanghiy dongral jilhyabhovati bandhanyat aale.
1970 chya dashakat, somane landscape architect laurence halprinsobat portland transit mallche niyojan aanee rachana karnyasathi sahkarya kele. oregon shaharachya madhyavarti bhagache punarujjivan karane, samoohik vahatukichya vaparala protsahan dene aanee chalanyayogya raste tayar karane hii uddishte hotee. transit molane downtown portlandchi dharana badalanyas madat kelee. united statesmadhil asha prakarchya pahilya prakalpanpaiki eka mhanoon, lokanna pradhanya pradhanya rastyanchya aakarachya rachanechya yugachi suruvat karnyas madat jhaali. jhaali dashkatil aanakhi eka mahattvacha aayog mhanje bostonchya sampoorn parivahan aanee raste payabhoot suvidhanchi mahanagar-vyapi punarrachana, boston vahtook niyojan punaravalokanasathi pramukh rachana sanstha mhanoon hotee.
1980 chya dashakachya suruvatis, somane londonmadhye cannery ghatanchi rachana aanee bandhkam karnyache niyojan kele. bharbharatila bharbharatila aarthik kshetrala samavoon ghenyachya aanee londonchya purvichya bandaranna punarujjivit karnyachya uddeshane, yaa yojnet 20 hoon adhik bandhkam sthale aanee anek sarvajanik jaaga aanee suvidha samavisht hotya. yaa yojnet londonla bhoomigat sthankashi halakya railway sthankashi sthankashi majboot vahtook jaalyachihi tartud karnyat aalee. prakalpachya mothya pramanamule 1986 madhye somche london karyalay ughadale gele. cannery ghatavaril companyche kaam naveen sahasrabdiparyant suru rahile, 2002 madhye canadachya paach chauras purn jhaale.
madhya londonmadhye, liverpool street stationjaval railway marganchya varr bandhanyachya sandhimule broadgate yaa naveen vyavsayik jilhyachya bandhkamala chalana midali. somane master plan tayar keela aanee teen dashakanhun adhik kaal yaa thikanchya 14 imaratinpaiki anek imaratinchi rachana kelee. shaharatil sarvat vyast sthanakanpaiki eka aanee tyachya relyardver unch imarati bandhanyasathi, somchya sanrachanatmak abhiyantriki chamoone rulanvar eka deck tayar keela jyamule varchya bajula vividh imaratinchi rachana karata yeil. 1990 madhye purn jhalele exchange haus hii eka imarat aahe jee rulanvar pasarlela pool mhanoon kaam karate. 2008 madhye, jilhyatil sarvat unch imarat, broadgate tower purn jhaala. somane yaa kshetrasathi sarvajanik jaagechi vaadh dekhil kelee.
somane shikagochya millennium parksathi master plan tayar keela, joou 2004 madhye ughadala gela aanee shaharatil sarvadhik bhet dilelya aakarshananpaiki eka banala aahe. bus margike, parking garrage aanee railway yardchya varr bandhalele millennium park heey jagatil sarvat mothe chhappar udyan manale jaau shakate. mothya launchya khalee, parking done naveen star bandhanyat aale, bus thambe jodanyat aale aanee railway sthanakanche nutanikaran aanee vistar karnyat aala, jyat millennium stationcha samavesh hota. yaa prakalpane purvichya downtownchya khilkhilya jagela punarujjivit kele aanee shikagoche niyojak daniele burnham yanchya yaa kshetrasathichya 100 varshanchya drushtikonache purnatva chinhankit kele.
denvermadhye, somala shaharachya aitihasik union stationcha vistar aanee tyache pramukh pradeshik kendramadhye rupantar karnyasathi niyukt karnyat aale. purvichya railway yardchya 20 ekaranche parivahan-kendrit shahari jeelhyat rupantar karnyat aale aahe, jeey halakya railway, padchari, cycle aanee bus marg, tasech pravasi aanee aantarnagar railwayche aayojan karate. 2014 madhye purn jhalelya yaa prakalpamule aaspaschya jeelhyat 3.5 abj dollarspeksha jaast kimatichya khajgi guntavanukila chalana midali aahe.
sanrachanatmak abhiyantriki.
sarvat pahila soam abhiyanta johnn oo hota. anandadayi. soam yetheel aanakhi eka abhiyanta fazlur khaan, tyachya vilis towerchya (purvicha sears towerchya) rachana aanee bandhkamasathi aanee johnn hancock centerchya rachana aanee serve unch gaganchumbi imaratinsathi moolbhut asalelya sanrachanatmak pranalinsathi prasiddha aahe. kharey tarr, khaan heey asha algoridam vikasit karnyasathi jababdar aahet jyamule hancock imarat aanee tyanantarchya anek gaganchumbi imarati shakya jhalya. aanakhi eka ullekhaneey soam abhiyanta mhanje biil bekar, joou jagatil sarvat unch manavnirmit rachana burj khalifa (dubai, 2010) chaa abhiyanta mhanoon olakhala jaato. burujachya vikrami unchila aanee patal padchinhala aadhar denyasathi, tyane "buttrused coor" sanrachanatmak pranali vikasit kelee, jyat shatkon gabha samavisht aahe, joou vaay aakar tayar tayar teen buttressesne prabalit keela aahe.
aateel rachana.
corporate interior designmadhil agraganya davis elon yancha soam yethe chalis varshancha karyakal hota. pratishthit endover chearche designer, elon hii eka sanstha hotee, jee tyanni sthapit karnyas madat kelee-furniture, qalaa aanee karyatmak aanee sajavatichya vastoonsah antargat corporate vatavaranachi sampoorn rachana sarvasamaveshak niyojit jaaget ektrit kelee."

