
phillips wii aayar

phillips wii aayar (1870) ell. aar. 6 kyu. bii. 1 haah apkrutyatil kayadyanchya sangharshavaril ingraji nirnay aahe. nyayalayachya adhikarkshetrabaher honara atyachar karvai karnyayogya asoo shakato qee nahee heey tharvanyasathi nyayalayane done anganchi chachani vikasit kelee. kalantarane yala 'duheri-krutikshamata chachani' (kinwa 'duheri krutikshamata chachani') mhanoon sambodhale jaau lagale.
tathye.
edward johnn aayar haah beey vidrohachya kalat jamaikyacha governor hota. rajyapal mhanoon tyanni jordar pratyuttar denyache aadesh dile, jyamule asankhya jamaikan lokancha mrutyu jhaala aanee vividh rajkiy vyaktinchi atak aanee sankshipt fashi jhaali, jyanna uthawala uttejan denare manale jaate. rajyapal mhanoon tyanchya karyakal sampalyanantar, vasahatvadi vidhansabhene marshal lauchya ghoshanenantar bund dadapanyasathi sadbhavantene kelelya serve krutyancha samavesh asalela nuksan bharpaicha kayada manjur keela hota.
jevha too englandla paratala, tevha anek jamaikan lokanni tyachyavar tyaa vyaktivar atikraman kelyabaddal aanee englandchya nyayalayanmadhye khotya karavasacha khatala dakhal keela.
pieter handfordney yaa prakaranachi parshvabhoomi khalilpramane sangitalih
sambandhit vishisht karyakarta george william gorden heey sthanik vidhansabheche mishra-vansh sadasya hote. bandapurvi dolhyanchya aanee gheryachya darmyan white rakt hote. bandatil mukhya nete paul bogal yancha bhau, gorden aanee william bogal yanna deshdrohachya sanshayavarun atak karnyat aalee hotee, doghanvarhi lashkari kayadyantargat khatala chalavanyat aala aanee nantar done divasanchya aat tyanna thodakyat fashi denyat aalee. bandkhoriche sampoorn dadapshahi nihsanshaypane atyant hinsak hotee. british sainyane sumare 439 lokanna thaar marle, aanakhi 600 lokanna kopare marle aanee sumare 1000 ghare jaalali. pudhe, kahee british adhikaanyaanee yaa karyala 'shikar khel' mhanoon pahile, asey puravyanvarun disun aale.
jaree bahutek samkalin nondi dolhyanaivaji vishisht british lashkari adhikanyanna (general luke oo 'connorchya netrutvakhali) dosh dett asalya, taree bandkhori aanee tyachya raktaranjit dadapshahi yaa donhichya sanasanati vruttandvare dolhyanna brittenmadhye eka vadgrast vyaktimatva banavale. jyala 'jamaik prashna' mhanoon olakhale jaau lagale, joou moolatah eka nayak mhanoon dolhyala manale jaave qee nahee yaa prashnavar ufalun aala, jyane bund dadapanyasathi aanee jamaikatil gorya loksankhyela hatyakandapasun vachavanyasathi rajyapal mhanoon aapali kartavye paar padali hotee, kinwa eka khooni, jyavar khatala chalavala gela pahije aanee tyachya gunhyansathi jababdar dharale gele pahije. dolhyanviruddha faujdari karvai karnyacha prayatna ayashasvi jhaala aanee tyamule vividh karyakartyanni punha diwani khatala dakhal karnyacha prayatna keela. yaa karyakartyanni swatahla 'jamaika samitee' mhanoon sambodhale aanee tyat johnn brite, charles buckson, pieter alfried teller, johnn stuart mill, thomas hyoojes, charles darwin, thomas huxley aanee goldwyn smith yansarkhe udarmatvadi vicharvant samavisht hote.
nirnay.
apavadatmakapane, yaa prakaranachi sunavani sahaa nyayadhishanchya khandpithane kelee. vilas jeey yanni nyayalayacha nirnay deela.
kutuhalkarak baab mhanje, bahutansh prakaran duheri karvaichya niyamasathi samarpit navhate jyasathi nantar tyacha ullekh keela jaeel, parantu (i) purvalakshi swarupacha kayada naisargik nyayala pratikool hota qee nahee aanee (ii) rajyapalanni kayadyat kayada manjur keela hota, jyachya sandarbhat tyancha thet hitsambandh hota, tyamule too kayada karyapaddhaticha vishay mhanoon sadosh hota qaa yavar yuktivad karnyasathi. duheri krutikshamatevaril nishkarsh shevatajavalil kahee chhotya parichhedanmadhye parat kele jaatat.
nyayalayane asey mhatale qee jamaikamadhil tyachya vartanasathi dolhyanvar khatala dakhal keela jaau shakat nahee. karvai karnyasathi davedarane done aavashyakta purn kelya pahijet. pratham, kathit vartan heey sthanik adhikarkshetrat "asha swarupache asale pahije qee teey kele gele asate tarr teey karvai karnyayogya asate". dusare mhanje, "jyaa thikani haah kayada karnyat aala hota tyaa thikanchya kayadyane too nyayya nasava."mhanje, teey" "lakes lokee actus" "madhye nyayya nasane aavashyak aahe".
baher jaanyapurvi dolhyanni kelelya krutimule tyachya krutee jamaikyachya kayadyanusar nyayya asalyache aadhalun aale aanee tyamule too englandmadhye karvai karnyayogya houu shakala nahee.
mahatva.
dolhyanchya vartanacha eka vishesh vadgrast bhag mhanje tyanni lagoo kelela kayada tyanni aadhich kelelya serve krutyancha samavesh karnyasathi hota, jyamule 'vastavik' adhikar 'kayadeshir jhaale. yethe purvalakshi prabhavachya virodhat ingraji kayadyat eka anuman aahe aanee jyane nirnay deela, tyane namood kele qee, "adhikaranvar parinam karananya naveen kayadyanna nyayalay purvalakshi ball denar nahee, joparyant vidhanmandalacha hetu assa hota asey shabd kinwa aavashyak nihitarth vyakt keela jaat nahee". tyaa prakaranat asey manale gele qee dolhyacha hetu spasht hota.
khajgi aantarrashtriy kayada (vividh tartudi) kayada 1995 nusar ingraji kayadyat duheri karvaicha niyam aata mothya pramanat radd karnyat aala aahe, parantu tarihi too badnamichya davyanna lagoo hoto. tathapi, itar anek samanya kayadyachya adhikarkshetranmadhye heey prakaran changla kayada aahe.