nikhil ranjan saine

nikhil ranjan saine (23 meey 1894-13 janewari 1963) heey bharatiy-bangali shastradnya hote, jeey samanya sapekshatechya kshetratil pranete hote aanee jyanna bharatatil upayojit ganitache janak mhatale jaate. max wonn loyi yanchya dekharekhikhali berlinchya humbolt vidyapithatun tyanni ph. dii. prapt kelee, asha prakare sapekshatemadhye doctorate midavanare teey pahile bharatiy tharale. saine yanni brahmand, drav gatishilata, sambhavya siddhant aanee sambhavyata yavar dekhil kaam kele aanee bharatatil pahilya drav gatishilata prayogshalechi sthapana kelee. tyanni bharatatil ballistics aanee kshepanastranchya abhyasache pranete mhanoon kaam kele aanee bangali bhashetil vidnyan shikshanache teey samarthakahi hote. saur jagat' (saur mandal) heey tyanche bangali bhashetil pustak vishvabharatine 1949 madhye prakashit kele.
prarambhik jeevan aanee shikshan.
nikhil ranjan saine yancha janm 23 meey 1894 roji dhaka yethe jhaala, teey kalimohan saine aanee tyanchi patni vidhumukhi devi yanchya chaar mulanpaiki aanee chaar mulinpaiki sarvat lahan hote. tyanni dhaka mahavidhyalayin shalet shikshan ghetale, jithe tyanche vargamitra prasiddha shastradnya meghnad saaha hote. tyanantar teey tyanche shaley shikshan rajshahi mahavidhyalayin shalet purn karnyasathi gele. 1909 madhye, tyanni kalkatta vidyapithachya pravesh parikshesathi gunvattechya kramane kramane sthanasah shishyavrutti prapt kelee. 1911 madhye intermediatechi pariksha uttirn jhalyanantar tyanni kalkattyatil presidency collegemadhye onners ganitacha abhyas keela, jithe tyanche sahpathi mhanoon sahaa aanee satyendranath boses hote. kalkatta vidyapithatil 1913 chya sanman parikshet boses, saaha aanee saine yanna teen sarvoch sthan midale. pudhe teey presidency collegemadhye padvyuttar vidyarthi banale. boses aanee saaha yanni tyach parikshet avval sthan midvalyanantar eka varshanantar, saine yanni 1916 chya mishra ganitachya parikshet avval sthan midavale.
vyavasay aanee sanshodhan.
saine, saaha aanee boses heey 1917 madhye jawaljawal ekach velee kalkatta vidyapithatil ganitachya padvyuttar vibhagat ruju jhaale. yaa kalat, neutonian kshamata, ghan bhoomiti, lavchikta aanee hydrodynamicswaryl tyanche shodhanibandh 'tatvik masikat' aanee 'bulletin auph kalkatta mathematical society' madhye prakashit jhaale.
1921 madhye, 'uniformchya sambhavyate' yaa tyanchya prabandhala jee. yanni manyata dilee.tii. walker, dii.aine. mallik aanee ashutosh mukerjea yanna doctorate milanyas patra tharave (aaa.ess. see.) vidyapithatun padvi. darmaha pachshe takka atirikt bhattyasah, too berlin, munich aanee parris vidyapithanmadhye sanshodhan karyasathi germanyla gela. 1921 teey 1922 yaa kalat myoonichmadhil pradhyapak arnold somerfeld yanchyasobatche tyanche kaam physicalishe zeitscriftmadhye prakashit jhaale. 1922 chya unhalyat teey berlinla gele aanee navyane sthapan jhalelya bhautikshastra sansthet max wonn loyi yanchya margdarshanakhali tyanni abhyas keela. wonn lauchya netrutvakhali senla ph prapt jhaale.dii. visangatichya prushthbhagavaril gurutvakarshaniy kshetra samikaranansathichya seema atinvaril samanya sapekshatechya prabandhasathi berlin vidyapithatun. aaplya prabandhat, saine yanna aadhalale qee einsteinchi samikarane asey soochit karatat qee gurutvakarshan shakti kananche bhag ekatra thevatat, tyanantar tyanni defanite golakar simareshesaha charge kelelya kananchya samatolchi ganana kelee. senane wonn low barobar dii citter vishvavar aanee aayanchya kshamatetil badalanvar aanee germanytil tyachya karyakalat karyakalat dhatunche electron utsarjit karnyavar dekhil kaam kele.
1924 madhye gharee paratalyanantar, tyanchi kalkatta vidyapithachya navyane sthapan jhalelya upayojit ganitachya vibhagat 'rasbihari ghosh pradhyapak' mhanoon niyukti karnyat aalee. sapekshatechya siddhantashi sambandhit kshetranmadhye sanshodhan aanee dekhrekh saine karat asatana, 1930 chya dashakat tyanna kalkatta sapekshatechya shaleche sansthapak manale gele. kalkutta vidyalayane taramandalachya vastumanachya vastuman, ghanata, trijya, tapman aanee dabachya parinamachi tapasani kelee. sapekshatechya samanya siddhantavar aadharit vishvache parishkrut namune, tarihi teey eddington aanee milne yanchya namunyanvar teeka karat hote.
1930 chya dashakachya suruvatila senane tarang yantriki aanee diarakchya sapeksh samikarananvar lakshaniy pramanat kaam kele. tyane golakar susangatatevar kahee ullekhaneey kaam kele aanee taramandalachya shariratil sapeksh prabhavancha abhyas keela. saine heey 1935 madhye bharatiy rashtriy vidnyan akadami aanee bharatiy vidnyan vrutt sanghataneche sansthapak sadasya hote. teey bharatiy sankhyiki sanstha (aay. ess. aay.) parishadeche sansthapak sadasya aanee bharatiy rashtriy vidnyan sanstheche sansthapak sadasya dekhil hote. 1936 madhye tyanni bharatatil pahili drav gatishastra prayogshala asalelya kalkatta vidyapithatil tyanchya vibhagat sanganakeey prayogshala aanee drav gatishastra prayogshala sthapan kelee. hans bethene urja nirmiticha kayada sthapit kelyanantar, senane 1940 chya sumaras sumaras antargat sanvidhanavar kaam karnyas suruvat kelee.
bharatachya falaninantar, tyanni ballisticscha abhyaskramat samavesh keela kaaran tyanna asey vatat hote qee heey navyane swatantra jhalelya bharatachya rashtriy sanrakshanasathi eka mahattvache vidnyan aahe.
1951 madhye, tyanna indian association phaur daad cultive auph scienceche ripan pradhyapak mhanoon niyukt karnyat aale aanee tyanni 'daad modern theary auph turbulance' varr teen vyakhyane dilee. tyane hessenberg, chandrasekhar, wonn carmen aanee itaranchya ashantatevaril siddhantanchi achookata aanee mahatva siddha kele.
thermonuclear urjechya saiddhantik niyamanvar aadharit taramandalache namune tayar karnyasathi tyanni aaplya vidyarthyanshi sahkarya kele. 1954 madhye, saine aanee tii.see. royne eka ekatva-mukt vishleshanatmak paddhat dilee jee serve aavashyak atty katekorpane purn karate aanee vistarit vishvachya kshetrashi julavun gheu shakate. tyanchya paddhatine einsteinchi sahayyak samikarane naan vaparta neutonian andaj yogyaritya deela. 1959 madhye teey nivrutt jhaale.
vidnyan shikshan matrubhashet.
1917 madhye shikshan vyavasthechya sudharanansathi kalkatta vidyapith aayogachi sthapana jhaali tevha tyanni udarmatvadi shikshan vyavastheantargat vidnyan vishay shikavanyachya pranalivar bharr deela. satyendranath boses yanchyasarkhech tyanni bangali bhashet vidnyan shikshanasathi vidyapith aayogala pudhe dhakalale. saur jagat' (saur mandal) heey tyanche bangalitil pustak vishvabharatine 1949 madhye prakashit kele.

