george karj

george heinry loar (5 julai 1803-26 julai 1881) heey europemadhil vaiyaktik anubhavanvar aadharit yaa aanee pravasache ingraji lekhak hote. tyachya pravasamule tyala europechya roman lokanshi jawalche naate midale, jeey tyachya kamat drudhpane disatat. tyanchi sarvat prasiddha pustake mhanje 'daad baibal inn spain' aanee 'lavengro' aanee 'daad roman raee' yaa yaa, jyaa tyanchya kalatil ingraji 'romanical' (gypsy) yaa shabdanvar aadharit aahet.
prarambhik jeevan.
thomas loane (1758-1824), eka lashkari bharati adhikari aanee aine perfreement (1772-1858), eka eka mulgi, yancha mulga, norphoke yetheel east derheim yethe lonecha janm jhaala. tyache vadil, jeey paschim norphoke miliciamadhye leftnunt hote, julai 1811 teey april 1813 paryant norman cross yetheel yuddhakaidyanchya chhavanit thevanyat aale hote aanee georgene aapali navvi aanee dahavi varshe tethil barrekmadhye ghalavali. tyanche shikshan edinbergchya royal hyschool aanee norwich vyakaran shalet jhaale.
kayadyacha abhyas keela, parantu bhasha aanee sahitya heey tyache mukhya swarasya banale. 1825 madhye, tyane france aanee germanymadhye chaalat aapala pahila pramukh european pravas suru keela. pudhil kahee varshant tyanni russia, portugal, spain aanee morokkola bhet dilee aanee tyanni bhet dilelya deshanchya lokanshi aanee bhashanshi swatachi olakh karoon ghetali. 23 april 1840 roji tyachya lagnanantar, too lostoft, safaukmadhye sthayik jhaala, parantu united kingdamchya aat aanee baher pravas karat rahila.
irelandmadhye karj ghya.
lashkari vadil asalyane, teey lashkarachya vividh padanvar mothe jhaale. 1815 chya sharad rutumadhye, too irelandmadhil clonemelsathi regimentsobat gela, jithe too protestant akadameela gela aanee 'eka changlya junya padarivargakadun' lattin aanee greek vachanyas shikala. murtagh navachya eka sahkari vidyarthyane tyachi ayrish bhasheshihi olakh karoon dilee, jyane tyala tashanchya eka packchya badalyat shikavale. tyaa kalatil rajkiy sangharsh lakshat gheuun, teey lashkari chhavanimadhye 'croppies lett' hii gauravshali dhun gauu shikale. tyala ghodeswarichi olakh jhaali aanee too kathishivay gaadee chalvayala shikala. 1816 chya suruvatila regiment templemorela gelee aanee payee aanee nantar ghodyavar deshbharat karj ghenyas suruvat jhaali.
irelandmadhye eka varshapeksha qamee kaal rahilyanantar, regiment norwichla paratali. yuddhacha dhoka qamee hott gela, tyamule tukadichi takad mothya pramanat qamee jhaali.
prarambhik karkird.
tarunpanichya karjachya akal bhashik kaushalyanmule teey norwichmadhye janmalele vidwan william teller yanche aashraydate banale, jyanna tyanni tyanchya aatmacharitratmak kadambari 'lavengro' (1851) madhye german pranayramya sahityache samarthak mhanoon chitrit kele. sumare 30 varshanpurvi norwichmadhil tyachya tarunyala aathavatana, johann wolfgang wonn goethechya 'daad sogs auph young worther' saha german sahityachya gunavattevar charcha karnara eka mhatara manus (teller) aanee eka tarun manus (udhar) yache chitran kele aahe. tellarne swatahla 'tarun vartharchya dukkhanche' kinwa tyachya lekhakache konihi prashansak nasalyache kabool kele, parantu too mhanala, 'german asane changle aahe [kaaran] german heey jagatil sarvat tatvik lock aahet."
tellerchya protsahanamule, 1791 madhye seent pietersbergmadhye pratham prakashit jhalelya 'fostus, tyache jeevan, mrutyu aanee narkat utarane' yaa shirshakachya fost dantkathechya friedrich maximilian clingerchya aavrutticha pahila anuvad, tyachya anuvadat, eka shaharache naav badalale, tyamule dantkathecha eka bhag vachanyas suruvat keleeh
tyanna tyaa thikanche lock itake kuroop swarupache, asha kuroop aakrutya aanee sapat vaishishtyansah, jyachi malki asalelya saitana tyanna kadhihi samaan pahile navhate, norwich navachya ingraji shaharatil rahivashanni tyanchya ravivarchya sarvottam poshakhat asatana vagalata, tyanna aadhalale.
norwich societychya yaa deeprajwalanasathi, norwich sarvajanik sadasyata granthalayane tyache pahile prakashan jaalale.
rashiyacha daura.
naveen bhasha aatmasat karnyat parangat asalele eka bhashashastradnya mhanoon, british aanee paradeshi baibal samajala sangitale qee, "mallah russian bhasheshi thodi olakh aahe, mallah konatehi mudrit russian pustak phaar katheen naan jaata vachata yete."
13 august 1833 roji too norwich sodoon seent pietersbergla gela. baibal societyne baybalachya manchumadhye anuvadit karnyavar dekhrekh thevanyacha bhaar baibal societiver bharit keela. eka pravasi mhanoon, seent pietersbergchya saundaryane too bharavun gelah "asey asoonahi mea purvi russian rajdhaniche saundarya aanee bhavyata yabaddal barech kahee aikale aanee vachale aahe... tyachya sarvajanik imaratinchya bhavyatesathi aanee tyachya rastyanchi lambi aanee niyamitatesathi pramukh asalele heey europemadhil sarvottam shahar aahe yaat shanka nahee."
rashiyatil tyachya done varshanchya vastavyadarmyan, udharane lekhak alekzandar pushkinla bhet dilee, joou samajik bhetivar baher gela hota. tyanni pushkinchya sahityik granthanchya anuvadanchya done pratee sodalelya hotya aanee nantar pushkin yanni tyanna bhetalyabaddal khed vyakt keela.
russian lokanche varnan' russian lokanche varnan 'jagatil sarvat dayalu svabhavache lock' asey kele aahe aanee jaree tyanna ingrajitun farse kahee maheet nasale taree tyanchyat dveshyukt, dveshyukt swabhav nahee aanee jarr tumhi tyanchyat jaaun tyanchi bhasha bolali, taree tumchi dayaa karnyasathi teey agni aanee panyatoon jaat asat."
romani (kinwa gypsy) lokansarkhya bhatkya lokanshi, visheshtah romani sangeet, nrutya aanee chaliritinshi karjala aajivan sahanubhooti hotee. too roman bhasheshi itka parichit jhaala qee tyacha eka shabdakosh prakashit jhaala. jhaala unhalyat tyanni moscochya baher tall thokalelya russian romala bhet dilee. tyachya chhap tyanchya 'daad zinklih aur aaa akaunt auph daad gypsies auph spain' (1841) chya suruvatichya adhyayacha bhag hotya. baybalachya manchu bhashantarachya dekharekhikhali kaam purn jhalyanantar, september 1835 madhye norwichla parat karj dile. baibal societyla dilelya ahavalat tyanni lihileh
mea too desh sodala aanee khedane too swikaranyas mea bhag padale aahe. mea tyaa deshaviruddha, sarkarviruddha aanee lokanviruddha purvgrahane tithe gelo; pahila sarvasadharanpane gruheet dharalya dharalya khoopach adhik manya aahe; dusra itka vishal samrajyasathi sarvat changla anukool aahe asey disate; aanee tisra, agadi nimn varg dekhil, sarvasadharanpane, aadaratithyashil aanee paropkari aahet.
spanish mission.
karjala itake yash midale qee 11 november 1835 roji too punha ekada baibal societycha pratinidhi mhanoon spenla ravana jhaala. karjdarane sangitale qee too spainmadhye sumare paach varshe rahila. tyanchya spainchya aathvani tyanchya pravasvarnanacha aadhar hotya, 'daad baibal inn spain' (1843). tyanni lihileh
[paradeshi lokanchi favarani vagalata, madridchi prachand loksankhya... jaree barachsa bhag yaa thikancha rahivasi nasla taree too katekorpane spanish aahe. seent pietersbergpramane yethe germananchya vasahati naheet; lisbanpramane ingraji karkhane naheet; rastyanvarun, havanapramane, uddhat yanki lokanchi gardi nahee, jyachyashi asey disate qee jevha jevha aapan tee ghene nivadato tevha jameen aapali asate; parantu jee loksankhya kitihi vichitra kinwa jangali asali taree, vividh ghatakanpasun banaleli aahe, tee spanish aahe aanee joparyant shahar astitvat asel toparyant raheel.
leukchya gospelache roman aanee basqa bhashanmadhye bhashantar kele aahe. 1838 madhye yaa donhi anuvad prakashit jhalya, parantu donhi anuvadanvar vaiyaktik vikrisathi bandee ghalanyat aalee, keval sarvajanik granthalayanna pratinna parvanagi denyat aalee.
nantarche jeevan.
1840 madhye british aanee paradeshi baibal societybarobarchya karjachya karkirdicha ant jhaala aanee tyane merrie clark yaa vidhva mulishi, jyala henrietta navachi mothee mulgi hotee, aanee lostoftjavalil oulton, safolk yetheel eka chhotya malmatteshi vivah keela. tithe karj gheuun tyanchi pustake lihayala suruvat jhaali. "daad zinkli' (1841) madhyam pramanat yashasvi jhaale aanee 'daad baibal inn spain' (1843) heey prachand yashasvi tharale, jyamule eka ratrit eka prasiddha vyakti bunley, parantu aaturatene pratikshet asalelya 'lavengro' (1851) aanee 'daad romani raee' (1857) yaa chitrapatanni anek vachakanna gondhalat takale, jyanna kitee tathya aahe aanee kitee kalpanik aahe yachee khatri navhati-haah prashna aajahi charchet aahe. 1844 madhye europbhar istanbulparyantcha aanakhi eka paradesh pravas keela, parantu tyacha urvarit pravas brittenmadhye hotah scotland, wells, ireland, cornwall aanee aaysal auph mann yetheel lamb chalanyachya sahali. yapaiki, keval velsh velsh 'wilde wells' (1862) heey pustak midale.
karjachya aswasthatemule, kadachit, 1850 chya dashakat gret yarmoth, norphokemadhye rahnare kutumb 1860 chya dashakat londonla sthalantarit jhaale. udharane wandsworth aanee battersey yetheel romanical chhavanya bhet dilya aanee 'roman lavo-lill, anglo-roman bolibhasheche eka shabdapustak' (1874) heey aanakhi eka pustak lihile. merrie loar 1869 madhye maran pavali aanee 1874 madhye too lostoftla paratala, jithe nantar tyachya savatra mulee henrietta aanee tichya patine 26 julai 1881 roji tyachya mrutyuparyant tyachi kalji ghetali. tyala tyachya patnisah londonchya brompton smashanbhumit daphan karnyat aale.
karj haah aakarshak disanara aanee kholvar mool vyaktimatvacha manus asalyache mhatale jaat hote. jaree tyala tyachya aayushyat samikshakanchi prashansa midali nahee, taree aadhunik samikshak anekada tyachya vilakshan aanee anandi shailichi prashansa karatat-ekachya matey, "gelya donashe varshant ingerjit lihilelya sarvat asamanya lokanpaiki eka".
sangrahalay aanee smarke.
1913 madhye norwichya laurd meyarne vilo lenmadhil karj ghenyache ghar vikat ghetale. tyache naav badaloon 'karj ghar' asey karnyat aale, jeey norwich shaharala sadar karnyat aale aanee anek varshe karj sangrahalay mhanoon lokansathi khule hote. sangrahalay bund karnyat aale aanee 1994 madhye ghar vikale gele, parantu tyatoon milanari rakkam george karj trust sthapan karnyasathi gelee jyacha uddesh tyachya kamancha prachar karane haah hota.
22 harford square, south kensington, fazerland hottel, trafalgar road, gret yarmoth aanee vilo laine, norwich yetheel majee sangrahalay yethe tyachya nivassthananna chinhankit karnari nilee smarak falkika aahet. december 2011 madhye, madrid yetheel calley santiago yetheel 16, yaa gharavar eka pattikeche anavaran karnyat aale, jithe too 1836 teey 1840 paryant rahat hota. norwichya paschimela asalelya nivasi ardhchandra asalelya george udhar rastyala tyache naav denyat aale aahe. aberistvithjaval pontervidmadhye eka 'george udhar hottel' aahe. derhemmadhil eka pabala tyachya eka pramukh kalakrutivarun 'daad roman raee' asey naav denyat aale aahe.
eff. vhee. 'george loar' (ell. tii. 956) yaa kechala tyachya navavarun naav denyat aale. 1902 madhye bandhanyat aaleli 'george loar' 1915 paryant ravana jhaali, jevha tee german yuu-boatne (ess. emm. yuu. bii.-10) nasht kelee. george loar' chaa karnadhar thomas chrisp hota, jyala 1917 madhye maranottar victoriya cross denyat aala.

