
friedrich besal

friedrich wilheim besal (; 22 julai 1784-17 march 1846) haah eka german khagolshastradnya, ganitshastradnya, bhautikshastradnya aanee bhooganitishastradnya hota. teey pahile khagolshastradnya hote jyanni suryapasoon dusya tayyaparyantchya antarachi vishvasaniy moolye paraloxchya paddhatidvare nishchit kelee. kahee mahattvachya ganiteey karyanna besalchya mrutyunantar besal functions asey naav denyat aale hote, jaree teey moolatah daniele bernauli yanni besaldware samanyikaran karnyapurvi shodhale hote.
jeevan aanee kutumb.
eka mothya kutumbat nagri sevakacha dusra mulga mhanoon, tatkalin russian prashasakeey pradeshachi rajdhani asalelya westfalia yetheel minden yethe, minden-revensberg yethe besalcha janm jhaala. vayachya 14 vya varshi tyanni shaala sodali, kaaran tyanna lattin bhashetil shikshan aavadat navhate aanee tyanni bremen yetheel aayat-niryatishi sambandhit kulenkampmadhye prashikshan ghetale. malavahu jahajanvaril vyavasayachya avalambitvamule tyala tyachya ganiteey kaushalyanche navinyapurn naukanayanatil samasyankade valave lagale. yamule rekhansh nishchit karnyacha eka marg mhanoon khagolshastrat ruchi nirman jhaali.
1607 madhye thomas harriot aanee nathaniel torporally yanchyakadun ghetalelya junya nirikshan mahiticha vapar karoon 1804 madhye hallychya dhoomketuchya kakshiy gananevar sudharana karoon, bremanche practicing doctor aanee suprasiddha khagolshastradnya heinrich wilheim olbers yanchya nidarshanas besal aale. franz zaver wonn zachane tyachya 'monataliche correspondenz' yaa niyatkalikat nikal sampadit kele.
vyavsayik shikshan purn kelyanantar besalane 1806 madhye coolencamp sodale aanee carl ludwig hardingcha uttaradhikari mhanoon bremenjavalil liliental yetheel johann heronymus shroterchya khajgi vedhshalet sahayyak banala. tethe tyanni james bradleychya tarakeey nirikshan mahitivar kaam kele aanee sumare 3,222 tanyansathi achook sthitee nirman kelee.
konatyahi uchch shikshanacha abhav asoonahi, visheshtah vidyapithat, besal yanchi janewari 1810 madhye, vayachya 25 vya varshi, rashiyacha raja fredrick william tisra yane navyane sthapan kelelya conigsburg vedhshaleche sanchalak mhanoon niyukti kelee aanee teey tyanchya mrutyuparyant tyaa padavar rahile. konatyahi shaikshanik padvichya abhavamule tatvik pradhyapakanchya kahee sahakanyanni ganeet shikavanyachya besalchya adhikaravar aakshep ghetala. mhanoon too tyachya sahkari carl friedrich goskade valala, jyane march 1811 madhye gottingen vidyapithatun manad doctor padvi pradan kelee. donhi shastradnya 1804 teey 1843 paryant patravyavaharat hote. 1837 madhye teey gosschya atishay santh prakashanachya savayibaddal bhandale.
1842 madhye, besalane bhubhautikshastradnya george edolph erman aanee ganitshastradnya carl gustav jacob jakobi yanchyasamvet manchester yethe jhalelya british association phaur daad advancement auph sciencechya varshik baithakit bhag ghetala, jithe tyanni khagolshastriy ghadyalancha ahwal deela.
besalane rasayanshastradnya aanee pharmacist carl goatfried heggenchi mulgi johanna heganshi vivah keela, jee doctor aanee jivashastradnya herman august hegen aanee hydraulic abhiyanta gothilf hegen yanche kaka hote, jeey 1816 teey 1818 paryant besalache vidyarthi aanee sahayyak dekhil hote. bhautikshastradnya franz ernst neuman, besalache jawalche sahkari aanee sahkari, johann heggenchi baheen florentin hichyashi vivahabaddha jhaale hote. newmanne tyachya ganiteey-bhautik charchasatrat besalchya mojmap aanee deta qamee karnyachya achook paddhati sadar kelya, jyache tyane carl gustav jakob jakobi yanchyasobat conigsburg yethe saha-digdarshan kele. yaa achook paddhatincha newmanchya vidyarthyanchya kamavar aanee mojamapachya achookatechya russian sankalpanevar kayamswarupi parinam jhaala.
besalala done mule aanee teen mulee hotya. tyacha motha mulga vastuvisharad jhaala parantu 1840 madhye vayachya 26 vya varshi achanak maran pavala; tyacha dhakata mulga janmanantar lagechach maran pavala. tyachi sarvat mothee mulgi merrie hiney bhautikshastradnya george edolph ermanshi vivah keela, joou erman yaa vidwan kutumbatil sadasya hota. tyanchya mulanpaiki eka prasiddha egyptologist edolph irman hota. tyachi tisari mulgi johannah hiney rajkarani edolph herman heganshi vivah keela; tyancha mulga bhautikshastradnya ernst besal hegen hota aanee ganitshastradnya erich besal-hegen haah tyancha natoo hota. besal haah tyacha sahkari johann jacob bayer yacha mulga edolph wonn beyarcha dharmaguru hota.
anek mahinyanchya aajaranantar, march 1846 madhye retroperitoneal fibrosisamule besal yanche tyanchya vedhshalet nidhan jhaale.
kaam.
vedhshala ajunahi bandhkamat asatana, besalane bradleychya nirikshananvar aadharit 'moolbhut khagolshastra' vistrut kele. prathamik parinam mhanoon tyane vatavaraniy apavartan saranya tayar kelya jyamule tyala 1811 madhye french academy auph scienceskadoon land puraskar midala. conigsburg vedhshalene 1813 madhye kaam suru kele.
1819 pasoon, besalane tyachya kahee patra vidyarthyanchya madatine, rechenbakhchya meridian vartulacha vapar karoon 50,000 hoon adhik tanyanchi sthitee nishchit kelee. tyapaiki sarvat pramukh mhanje frydrich wilheim arglander, tyache uttaradhikari auto august rosenberger aanee august ludwig busch hote.
heey kaam purn kelyanantar, besalala too parakram sadhya karnyat yash aale, jyasathi too aaj sarvat jaast lakshat thewala jaatoh tanyapasoonche antar mojanyasathi tarakeey paraloxcha vapar karnara too pahila vyakti asalyache shrey tyala dile jaate. khagolshastradnyancha kahee kaal assa vishvas hota qee paralox heey aantartarkiy antarache pahile achook mojmap pradan karel. 1838 madhye besalane jaheer kele qee 61 signimadhye 0.314 aarksasekandancha paralax aahe; jyane pruthvichya kakshacha vyas pahata, taara 10.3 lii door asalyache soochit kele. sadhyache 11.4 leeche mojmap pahata, besalchya aakadyat 9.6% truti hotee. 
yaa parinamanmule khagolshastradnyanni keval vishvachya drushticha vistar vaishvik parimanapeksha jaast keela navhata, tarr 1728 madhye james bradley yanni prakashachya vichalanacha shodh lavlyanantar pruthvichya sapeksh halchalicha dusra anubhavjanya purava tayar jhaala. thodya kalanantar, friedrich george wilheim strove aanee thomas henderson yanni vega aanee alfa centaurichya paralaxchi nond kelee.
61 signicha paralox nishchit karnyat madat karnyabarobarach, edolph ripsoldchya naveen meridian vartulacha vapar karoon besalchya achook mojmapanmule tyala syrius aanee proseanchya halchalinmadhye vichalan lakshat yeu shakale, jyacha tyane andaj lavala qee teey adrushya sathidaranchya gurutvakarshan aakarshanamule jhaale asave.
1844 madhye tyane syriouschya 'gadad sathidar' chee ghoshana kelee, haah purvi naan pahilelya jodidaracha sthitigat mojmapasah pahila yogya dawa hota aanee akheris syrius bii. chaa shodh lagla.
besal heey pahile shastradnya hote jyanna nantar 'vaiyaktik samikaran' mhanoon olakhalya jaananya parinamachi jaaniv jhaali, qee ekach velee nirikshan karananya anek vyakti thodi bhinn moolye nirdharit karatat, visheshtah tanyanchya sankraman velechi nond karatat.
1824 madhye, tathakathit baselian ghatakancha vapar karoon grahananchya paristhitichi ganana karnyasathi besalane eka naveen paddhat vikasit kelee. achookatecha tyag naan karata, tyanchi paddhat ganana itaki sopee karate qee tee aajahi vaparat aahe.
1825 madhye besalchya prastavavar, prussian academy auph sciencessne johann franz enke karyakari sampadak mhanoon aantarrashtriy prakalp mhanoon 'berliner academishe sterncarten' (berlin shaikshanik starr charts) chee aavrutti suru kelee. eka aprakashit naveen taktyane johann gottfried galla september 1846 madhye berlin vedhshalet leey varrierne mojalelya sthanajaval nepchyoon shodhanyas saksham kele.
19vya shatkachya dusya dashakat, bahu-shareer samasya mhanoon gurutvakarshanachya gatishil pranalincha abhyas kartana, besalane teey vikasit kele jeey aata besal functions mhanoon olakhale jaatat. vishisht vibhedak samikarananchya samadhanasathi mahattvapoorn, hii karye shastriy aanee quantum bhautikshastra yaa donhimadhye vaparali jaatat.
tyachya sanmanarth naav dilelya namuna bhinnata andajkasathichya sutrat sudharana karnyasathi besal jababdar aahe. heey sootrachya vibhajkamadhye keval 'aine' aivaji 'aine' −1 yaa ghatakacha vapar aahe. heey tevha ghadate jevha 'loksankhyecha sarasari' aivaji 'namuna sarasari' chaa vapar deta kendrasthani thevanyasathi keela jaato aanee namuna sarasari heey detache resheey sanyojan asalyane namunyache avashisht sarasari nirbandh samikarananchya sankhyedvare degree auph friedamchi sankhya mojate-yaa prakaranat eka. "(besalchi durusti dekhil pahaa).
tyachya kalatil anek khagolshastradnyanpramane besalane bhooganit kshetravarhi kaam kele.
pratham saiddhantikdrushtya, jevha tyanni mukhya bhoo-sanyugma samasyeche nirakaran karnyasathi eka paddhat prakashit kelee.
1830 madhye tyala ajunahi astitvat asalelya russian aanee russian trikon jaalyanna jodanyachya uddeshane purv russiachya sarvekshanasathi shahee aadesh midala. heey kaam tatkalin prussian sainyatil pramukh johann jacob bayer yanchya sahkaryane karnyat aale hote; antim ahwal 1838 madhye prakashit jhaala.
tyane anek kamani mojamapanvar aadharit, aaj jyala besal ellipsoid mhanatat, tyaa pruthvichya lambvartulachya vadhiv achookatecha andaj dekhil prapt keela.
sanman aanee bakshise.
1842 madhye jevha aurder pore leey merritt (nagri varg) chee sthapana jhaali tevha besal haah orderchya pahilya sadasyanpaiki eka hota.
besalchya navavarun naav denyat aaleli pahili vaishvik vastoo hii chandrachya ghodyachya serenitatismadhil sarvat mothee khadda aahe. mukhya pattiy laghugrah 1552chya besalala 1938 madhye paralox nirdharan shatvarshik sohalyat naav denyat aale.
greenlandmadheel besal fjord, neey greenland aanee besal fjord, aine. doubleu. greenland yaa done fjords heey bhaugolik smaranotsav aahet.