dhruviy rachana

dhruviy rachana haah eka prakarcha vidyutchaukiki aahe, jyamadhye karyarat vidyutdhruv haah eka padnara paaraa vidyutdhruv (dme) kinwa sthir paaraa drop vidyutdhruv (ess. emm. dii. eae.) asato, joou tyanchya vistrut cathodic shreni aanee akshay prushthbhagansathi upayukt asato. yacha shodh 1922 madhye check rasayanshastradnya jaroslav heyrowski yanni lavala hota, jyasathi tyanna 1959 madhye nobel paritoshik midale. electrode samagri mhanoon paryache mukhya fayade khalilpramane aaheth
1) eka mothee vidyutdab khidakih see. aii. + 0.20v teey-1.8v viruddha ulat karata yenyajoga hydrogen electrode (rhe). vidyut-qamee karnyachya pratikriyancha abhyas karnyasathi etch. jee. electrode visheshtah yogya aahe.
2) parad drav asalyane atishay punarutpadak electrode prushthbhag.
3) kachechya keshikane jodalelya mothya etch. jee. talavatoon paracha naveen themb banavoon electrodecha prushthbhag agadi sahajpane swachchh karane.
1990 chya dashkaparyant (khalee dileli aakruti pahaa), jevha paryachya vaparachi aavashyakta nasalelya itar paddhatinni tyachi jaaga ghetali gelee, tevha dhruvashastrane vishleshanatmak rasayanshastra aanee vidyut rasayanshastra yaa donhichya pragatimadhye prayogik sadhan mhanoon mothee bhoomika bajavali.
operationche tattva.
dhruviyalekhan heey eka vidyutarasayanik voltametric tantra aahe jeey paryachya thembacha (padane kinwa sthir) karyarat electrode mhanoon vapar karate. tyachya sarvat sopya swarupat dhruviyashastracha vapar vidyut sakriy prajatinche dravpadarthanmadhil praman tyanchya vastuman-vahtook maryadit pravahanche mojmap karoon nirdharit karnyasathi keela jaau shakato. asha prayogat karyarat paryachya thembachi electrodechi kshamata velenusar reshiyaritya badalali jaate aanee paryacha pravah jithun paryacha pravah baher padato tyaa kachechya keshiketoon paryacha themb baher padnyapurvi eka vishisht velee electrode pravah nondavala jaato. vartaman viruddhacha eka plot. dhruviy prayogatil kshamata keshiketoon keshiketoon etch. jee. chya thembanshi sambandhit vartaman dolan darshavate. jarr pratyek thembache jastit jaast pravah jodalele asateel, tarr tyacha parinam eka sigmoidal aakar hoil. maryadit pravahala (sigmoidvaril pathar) prasar-maryadit pravah mhanatat kaaran etch. jee. drop lifechya yaa tappyavar vidyut sakriy samgrichya pravahat prasar heey pramukh yogdan aahe. dhruvshastrachya adhik pragat prakaranmule (khalee pahaa) shastriy dhruvshastrachya laharinpeksha shikhar (jeey vividh rasayanik prajatinche adhik changle resolution detat) nirman hotat aanee shodh maryada sudharatat, jee kahee prakarananmadhye 10-9 meater itaki qamee asoo shakate.
maryada.
parimanatmak vishleshanatmak mojmapansathi shastriy dhruviy prayogasathi visheshtah maryada aahet. kaaran etch. jee. thembachya vadhidarmyan pravah satat mojala jaato, tyamule capacitive pravahatoon lakshaniy yogdan milate. keshika tokavarun etch. jee. vahate, suruvatila prushthbhagachya kshetramadhye mothee vaadh hote. parinami, vegane vegane interfaceche charging hott asalyane prarambhik pravahamadhye capacitive prabhavanche varchasva asate. themb aayushyachya shevati, prushthbhagachya kshetrafalachya babatit thodasa badal hoto jyamule ekoon pravahatil dharitachya badalanche yogdan qamee hote. tyach velee, velee konatyahi redox prakriyemule farredic pravah hoil joou andaje veleche vargamool mhanoon kshay hoto (nernst prasar tharachya vadhatya parimananmule). capacitive karantacha ghatankiy kshay haah farredic karantchya kshayapeksha khoop jalad asato; mhanoon, drop lifechya shevati farredic current pramananusar motha asato. durdaivane, hii prakriya sampoorn prayogadarmyan karyarat electrodavar (etch. jee. drop) lagoo lagoo satat badalatya kshamatemule guntaguntichi aahe. kaaran themb padnyachya aayushyakaladarmyan sambhavya badal (2 emm. vhee./ess. scan darr aanee 4 ess. themb padnyachya veleche vaishishtyapurn prayogik mapdand gruheet dharoon, kshamata thembachya suruvatipasun shevatparyant 8 emm. vhee. neey badaloo shakate), interfaceche charging (capacitive current) ekoon pravahat satat yogdan dete, jaree thembachya shevati jevha prushthbhagache kshetrafal vegane badalat nahee. asha prakare, dhruviy prayogacha dhwani gunottarasathiche vaishishtyapurn sanket keval andaje 10−5 kinwa 10−6 meterchya shodh maryades anumati detat.
sudharana.
chav aanee naadee dhruviy tantracha vapar karoon capacitive pravahaviruddha natakiyadrushtya adhik changla bhedbhav keela jaau shakato. heey analogue aanee digital electronic potentiostatschya parichayasah vikasit kele gele aahet. pratyek thembachya aayushyachya shevati (chav dhruviy rachana) pravah mojoon pahili mothee sudharana prapt jhaali. vibhedak naadee dhruviy rachanechi olakh hii aanakhi mothee vaadh hotee. yethe, vidyutpravah haah suruvatichya aadhi aanee qamee sambhavya spandananchya samaptipurvi mojala jaato. nantarche voltametric scanchya resheey sambhavya-vel-karyavar adhiropit kele jaatat. yaa spandananche vaishishtyapurn amplitude 10 teey 50 emm. vhee. darmyan asate, tarr spandanacha kalavadhi 20 teey 50 ms asato. donhi vartaman mulyanmadhil farak mhanje vishleshanatmak sanket. yaa tantramule shodh maryadet 100 teey 1000 putt sudharana hote, kaaran capacitive ghatak prabhavipane vaja keela jaato.
gunatmak mahitee.
dhruvalekhanachya ardh-lahari kshamatevarun dekhil gunatmak mahitee nishchit kelee jaau shakate (vartaman viruddha. dhruviy prayogatil sambhavya kathanak). ardh-lahari kshamateche moolya abhyasalya abhyasalya redox pratikriyechya manak kshamateshi sambandhit aahe.
heey tantra aanee visheshtah vibhedak naadee anodic stripping voltametry (dii. pii. aii. ess. vhee.) paddhat paryavaraniy vishleshanasathi aanee visheshtah sendriya padarth aanee dhatunchya parasparsanvadachya vaishishtyikaranasathi sagari abhyasasathi vaparali jaau shakate.
parimanatmak mahitee.
ilkovic samikaran haah dhruvashastrat vaparla jaanara sambandh aahe joou prasar pravah ("i" d) aanee depolariserchya ("c") sandrateshi sambandhit aahe, joou joou paryachya electrodavar qamee jhalela kinwa auxidise kelela padarth aahe. ilkovic samikaranache swaroop aahe
kutheh 
yaa samikaranala teey vyutpann vyutpann shastradnya, slovak rasayanshastradnya dianese ilkovic (1907-1980) yanchya navavarun naav denyat aale aahe.

