torcaso wii. watkins

torcaso wii. watkins, 367 yuu.ess. 488 (1961), haah united statescha sarvoch nyayalayatil khatala hota jyamadhye nyayalayane punha pushti kelee qee united stateschee rajyaghatna rajyanna aanee federal sarkarla sarvajanik padasathi konatyahi prakarchya dharmik chachanichi aavashyakta karnyas manai karate, yaa vishisht prakaranat notary public mhanoon.
parshvabhoomi.
1960 chya dashakachya suruvatila, marylandchya governorne roy torkasochi (13 november 1910-9 juuna 2007) notary public mhanoon niyukti kelee. tyaa velee, marylandchya rajyaghatanemadhye ekhadya vyaktila "yaa rajyat konatehi napha kinwa vishvasache padd dharan karnyasathi" "devachya astitvavaril vishvasachi ghoshana" aavashyak hotee.
torcaso yaa nastikane asey vidhan karnyas nakar deela aanee parinami tyachi niyukti radd karnyat aalee. dharmik abhivyakti swatantryachya aaplya ghatanatmak adhikaranche ullanghan jhaale aahe asey manoon torcasone maryland circuit nyayalayat khatala dakhal keela, parantu too nakarla gela. circuit nyayalayane tyacha dawa fetalala aanee maryland apeal nyayalayane asey mhatale qee marylandchya sanvidhanatil padasathi patrata mhanoon devavaril vishvasachi ghoshana karane hii aavashyakta swayam-amalbajavanichi hotee aanee rajya vidhimandalane konatyahi amalbajavani kayadyane adhiniyamit karanyachi aavashyakta navhati.
apeal nyayalayane aaplya nirnayache asha prakare samarthan keleh
torcasone heey prakaran amerikechya sarvoch nyayalayat nele, jithe 24 april 1961 roji sunavani jhaali.
nirnay.
sarvajanik padavar asalelya vyaktine devavar vishvas thevanyachi marylandchi aavashyakta united stateschya sanvidhanatil pahilya aanee chaudavya durustiche ullanghan karate asey nyayalayala ekmatane aadhalale.
nyayalayane 'eversion wii.' madhye sthapana kelee hotee. shikshan mandal (1947):
nyayalayasathi lihitana, nyaymurti hugo black yanni 'eversion wii. shikshan mandal 'aanee spashtapane jodalele' torcaso wii. tyachya nishkarshavar watkins
maryland apeal kortacha nikal fetalat, nyaymurti black pudhe mhanaleh "tathapi, ekhadya vyaktila sarvajanik padd dharan karnyas bhag padale jaat nahee heey vastusthiti, rajyane rajyane ladalelya nikashandvare tyala padavarun rokhanyache nimitt asoo shakat nahee."
nyayalayane kalam 6 chya 'dharmik chachani nahee' yaa kalmakhali aapale mutt mandale nahee. matanchya payathyashi 1 madhye, justices blackney lihileh
eka dharm mhanoon dharmnirpeksh manavtavad.
kahee dharmik gatanni adhunmadhun assa yuktivad keela aahe qee, torcaso wii. sarvoch nyayalayane' watkinsla 'dharmnirpeksh manavtavad haah eka dharm asalyache aadhalale. haah dawa nyayalayachya nishkarshachya 11 vya kramankachya payabharanitil nyaymurtinchya kalya sandarbhavar aadharit aahe, jethe swayam-olakh asalelya manavtavadi kinwa naitiktavadi, tyanchya shraddha samayik karnyasathi aanee sajra karnyasathi niyamitpane niyamitpane sanghatit gatanna dharmik-aadharit curr savalat denyat aalee aahe. shalanmadhye srushtivad shikavanyasarkhya samarthanarth asalelya dharmik gatanni, konatyahi dharmnirpeksh kinwa utkranti-aadharit kriyakalap haah aaplya kayadyantargat eka dharm aahe, assa 'nishkarsh' mhanoon, krishnavarniyanni tyanchya padatipanmadhye 'dharmnirpeksh manavtavad' haah shabd vaparnyacha nyayala fatka basavala aahe.

