
dilli saltanatichya akhtyarit gujarat

13vya shatkachya akheris alauddin khaljichya netrutvakhali varanvar mohimannantar paschim bharatatil gujarat haah pradesh dilli saltanatichya akhtyarit aala. tyane dusya karn yachya netrutvakhalil vaghela rajvanshachi satta sampushtat aanali aanee gujaratmadhye muslim rajvat sthapan kelee. lavkarach tughlak rajvansh dillit sattevar aala, jyachya samratane gujaratmadhil bandkhori dadapanyasathi mohima chalavalya aanee shatkachya akheris yaa pradeshavar tyanche drudh niyantran prasthapit kele. taimurne dillivar kelelya aakramananantar, dilli saltanat lakshaniyaritya kamkuvat jhaali, tyamule shevatcha tughlak governor jaffar khanane 1407 madhye swatahla swatantra ghoshit kele aanee aupcharikpane gujarat saltanatichi sthapana kelee.
parshvabhoomi.
gujaratchya lamb kinaaaamule, aarthik aanee sanskrutik karananmule 8vya shatkapasoon tyachya kinanyanvar muslimanchi upasthiti nondavali gelee aahe.
1024 madhye somnath mandiraviruddha mahmood gazanichi moheem; sumare 1178 madhye anahilavadacha (aatache patan, gujarat) chalukya raja bheem dusra yane ghorchya muhammadacha parabhav; 1172 aanee 1197 madhye ghurid mohima; aanee 1194 madhye mamluk samrat qutub all-deane aibakne anahilavadacha badala ghenara lutt aanee 1194 madhye alah-uda-deane khaljichya (1295-1315) karkirdiparyant bhimcha parabhav vagalata gujarat muslim shasakanchya hastakshepapasun mukt rahile.
13vya shatkachya uttaradhat, cambay (aata khambhat) muslim adhikari shihabuddin ibn muhammad ibn yahya yanchya adhipatyakhali hota, jyanna chalukya-vaghela shasakanchya adhipatyakhali niyukt kele gele asave.
khalji rajvanshachya adhipatyakhalil rajyapal.
1297 madhye, general aanee alah-uda-deane khaljicha bhau ulug khaan aanee nasrat khaan vajir yanna anahilavadachya virodhat pathvanyat aale. tyanni vaghela rajvanshachya karn dusyala hakaloon shahar tabyat ghetale, jyane dekkanmadhye aashray ghetala. tyanantar tyanni khambhat tabyat ghetala aanee sthanik rajyapal niyukt kelyanantar teey dillila paratale. ulug khanane varanvar mohimandware vijay majboot keela. kanhadade prabandh' mhanato qee tyane somnath lutala aanee tyane sangadh chauhanankadun jalor (pracheen zalinder) jinkale yaat shanka nahee. ulug khaan yanche nidhan sumare 1301-1302 madhye jhaale.
alah-uda-deencha mehuna aalp khaan yachee gujaratcha rajyapal mhanoon niyukti karnyat aalee. tyane kahee varshe gujaratvar rajya kele hote. mallick kafoorchya preranene, 1316 madhye samrat alah-uda-deane khaljine tyala parat bolavale aanee thaar kele. jaine granthanni muslim vijetyanni uddhvast kelelya mandiranchya punarbandhanila parvanagi dilyabaddal aalp khanchi prashansa kelee. kakka surichya 'nabhi-nandan-jinoddara-prabandh' madhye tyane parvanagi dilelya shatrunjay mandirachya nutanikaranachi nond aahe.
alpakhanchya fashine gujaratmadhil muslim shaktila hadaravale aanee mubarak khaljine ashantata shant karnyasathi pathavalelya kamal-uda-deenla yuddhat thaar maranyat aale. bandkhorancha parabhav karoon aanee suvyavastha purvavat karnyasathi, ain-ool-mulk multani shaktishali sainyasah yeiparyant rajdroh pasarla. tyachya jaagi jaffar khaan aala, jyane deshache adhinatva purn kelyanantar parat bolavale gele aanee tyache sthan hissam-uda-deane parmarne puravale. yaa adhikaone deshdrohacha hetu darshavat turungat takale aanee mallick vajid-uda-deane quraishine tyala uttaradhikari kele, jyala nantar taaj kinwa sadar-ool-mulk yaa upadhine sanmanit karnyat aale. tyanantar khusro khaan parmar yanchi rajyapal mhanoon niyukti karnyat aalee, parantu teey tyanchya niyuktimadhye kadhee sameel jhaale qee nahee heey spasht nahee.
tughlak rajvanshachya adhipatyakhalil rajyapal.
taaj-ool-mulk, 1320 aanee uttaradhikari.
taaj-ool-mulk haah pudhcha rajyapal aahe, jyacha sandarbh deela jaato, jyachi sultan gias-uda-deane tughalakne 1320 chya sumaras dusyanda rajyapal mhanoon nivad kelee hotee. tyachya nantar mallick mukbil aala, jyane khaan jahaan aanee nayab-aii-mukhtar yaa padvi dharan kelya aanee jyachi niyukti samrat muhammad biin tughlak (1325-1351) yane kelee.
tyanantar, muhammad biin tughalakne ahmed aayajala gujaratche sarkar dile, mallick mukbil tyache up-adhikari mhanoon kaam karat rahila. tyanantar jevha khwaja jahaan hii padvi midavanara ahmed ayaz gujaratcha rajyapal mhanoon pudhe gela, tevha mallick mukbilne tyacha mantri mhanoon kaam kele. aanee sumare 1338 madhye, jevha khwaja jahanla samratacha putanya karshasp aanee tyala aashray denanya kampilachya rajachya virodhat pathvanyat aale, tevha mallick mukbil rajyapal padavar aala. badoda aanee dabhoi darmyanchya eka prasangi, khajina aanee vyapadhyanchya kafila dillila gheuun jaananya mallick mukbilala samratane niyukt kelelya malvyacha rajyapal, amiran-aii sadaa aziz khammarchya kahee tukadyanni lutale aanee tyanchyaviruddha kooch kele aanee tyapaiki 89 jananna fashi dilee. akheris, 1346 chya sumaras, kahee muslim kuleen aanee hindu sardar sameel jhalyane, tyanni ughad bund kele aanee aziz khammarcha parabhav keela.
samrat 1347 madhye eka bund shant karato.
pudhchya varshi, 1347 madhye, muhammad biin tughalakne swatahun pudhe jaaun bandkhorancha parabhav keela aanee cambay (aata khambhat) aanee surat hii shahare lutali. tyach mohimedarmyan tyane gohil pramukh mokhalajinna khambhatchya aakhatatil ghoghajavalil piram betavaril tyachya balekillachya baher hakaloon dile aanee nantar, aaplya sainyala utaravun, eka hutty sangharshanantar, gohilanna parabhoot kele, mokhalajinna thaar marle aanee ghoghala tabyat ghetale. tyanantar muhammad biin tughlak haah dekkanmadhil daulatabadla ravana jhaala aanee tyachya anupasthitit amiran-aii-sadacha neta mallick tughan yachya netrutvakhalil sardar aanee sardaranni punha bund kele aanee patan tabyat gheuun muiz-uda-deane yala viceroy mhanoon turungat takale. tyanantar bandkhoranni cambay lutale aanee nantar bharuchala vedha ghatala. muhammad tughalakne lagechach gujaratsathi kooch kele aanee bharuch, mallick tughan yanna aaram deela, jeey cambella mage hutley, jithe tyanchya magomag mallick yusuf aala, jyanna samratane tyancha pathlag karnyasathi pathavale. cambejaval jhalelya ladhait, mallick yusufcha parabhav jhaala aanee tyala thaar maranyat aale aanee yaa lagnatil aanee purvi pakadale gelele serve kaidi mallick tughanane thaar marle. kaidyanmadhye gujaratcha rajyapal muiz-uda-deane hota. muhammad tughalakne aata pratyaksh kambekade kooch kele, mhanoon mallick tughanane patankade maghar ghetali, jyacha samratane pathlag keela, jyala havamanachya tanavamule aswal (aata ahmedabad) yethe thambanyas bhag padale gele. akheris samratne kadijaval mallick tugancha vichar keela aanee sampoorn vijay midavala, mallick tugan sindhmadhil thattala paloon gela.
subdess girnar aanee kachch, 1350.
sampoorn gujaratmadhye vyavastha prasthapit karnyasathi, muhammad biin tughalakne girnarchya virodhat kooch kele, killa qamee keela aanee aay. tii. chudasama pramukh khengara yachyakadun curr aakarla. tyanantar too kachchala gela aanee tyaa deshala parabhoot kelyanantar too parat sorathala gela. gondal yethe tyala taap aala aanee too purnapane barah honyapurvi, mallick tughanla aashray denanya thatachya sumra pramukhala parabhoot karnyachya drushtine too kachchamadhun sindhmadhye gela. tataparyant pohochanyapurvich too tapane balee padala aanee 1351chya vasant rutumadhye tyacha mrutyu jhaala. tyachya mrutyuchya kahee kaal aadhi tyane nijam-ool-mulkala gujaratchya sarkarmadhye niyukt kele.
1351 madhye, firuz shaah tughlak haah muhammad biin tughlak yachya jaagi dehalichya sinhasanavar basala. tyachya rajyabhishekanantar lagechach samratane sindhkade kooch kele aanee mallick tughanchya virodhat sainya pathavale. 1360 chya sumaras too punha jaam babuniyaviruddha sindhala gela. sindh yethoon too gujaratala gela, jithe too kahee mahine rahila.
jaffar khaan, 1371 aanee uttaradhikari.
pudhchya varshi, tisyanda sindhala ravana jhalyavar, firuz shaah tughalakne nijam-ool-mulkchya jaagi jaffar khanla gujaratche sarkar dile. jaffar khanchya mrutyunantar, 1373 madhye "farishtah" aanee 1371 madhye "mirat-aii-ahmadia" nusar, tyacha mulga darya khaan tyachya jaagi aala, jyache shasson shamas-uda-deane anvar khaan navachya upnetyane chalavale asey disate. 1376 madhye, hatti ghode aanee itar maulyavan vastoonchya bhetvastunvyatirikt, eka shaam-uda-deane damghanine gujaratchya nehamichya sangrahavar lakshaniy pragati darshavili. darya khaan hii rakkam denyas tayar naslyamule too visthapit jhaala aanee shams-uda-deane damghani yanchi rajyapal mhanoon niyukti karnyat aalee. nirdharit rakkam bharnyas swatahla asamarth samajalyane yaa adhikaone bund kele aanee mahasool rokhala. firuz shaah tughalakne tyachya virodhat sainya pathavale aanee jyaa sardaranvar tyane khoop atyachar kele hote, tyanchya aanee lokanchya madatine shums-uda-deane marla gela. tyanantar prantache sarkar farhat-ool-mulk rastee khaan yanchyakade sopavanyat aale.
farhat-ool-mulk, 1376-1391.
1388 chya sumaras, secunder khaan navachya eka kuleen vyaktila farhat-ool-mulkache sthan ghenyasathi pathvanyat aale, parantu tyane tyacha parabhav keela aanee tyachi hatya kelee. farhat-ool-mulkchya vartanachi konatihi dakhal naan ghetalyanantar lagechach samrat firuz shaah tughlak maran pavala aanee firuzcha uttaradhikari ghiyas-uda-deane tughlak yachya alpakalchya karkirdit gujaratchya sarkarmadhye konatahi badal karnyat aala nahee. aboo bucker shaah yanchya alpakalin rajvatit farhat-ool-mulk heey abadhit rahile. parantu 1391 madhye, nasir-uda-deane muhammad tughlak dusra yachya rajyabhishekanantar, jaffar khaan navachya eka kuleen vyaktila gujaratcha rajyapal mhanoon niyukt karnyat aale aanee aavashyak asalyas farhat-ool-mulkala parat bolavanyasathi kinwa haddapar karnyasathi sainya pathvanyat aale.
jaffar khaan, 1391-1403.
1391 madhye sultan nasir uda deane muhammad shaah tisra yane vajih-ool-mulkacha mulga jaffar khaan yala gujaratcha rajyapal mhanoon niyukt kele aanee tyala muzaffar khaan hii padvi pradan kelee. nagormadhun jaat asatana, rosty khanchya atyacharachi takrar karananya cambechya pratiniyuktine tyachi bhet ghetali. tyanna santvan dett, too sarkarache peeth asalelya patnakade nighala aanee nantar rastee khanchya virodhat kooch kele. sainyachi bhet, patanvar avalambun asalelya kamboi gavajaval jhaali aanee farhat-ool-mulk rastee khaan marla gela aanee tyachya sainyacha parabhav jhaala. yaa vijayachya smaranarth jaffar khanane yuddhbhumivar eka gaav sthapan kele, jyala tyane jitpur (vijayache shahar) asey naav dile aanee nantar, cambepasoon suruvat karoon lokanchya takrarinche nivaran kele. farhat-ool-mulk gujaratmadhye swatantra rajya sthapan karnyacha prayatna karat asalyachi afava hotee. 1392 madhye, farhat-ool-mulkacha, anhilwada patnajaval khambhoi kinwa kambhorchya (aata gambhu) ladhait parabhav jhaala aanee too marla gela aanee tyane anhilwada patan shahar tabyat ghetale. tyane vijaysthali jitpurchi sthapana kelee.
1932 madhye nasir uda deane mohammed shaah tisra yachya mrutyunantar tyacha mulga secunder sinhasanavar basala parantu 45 divasannantarach tyacha mrutyu jhaala. tyacha bhau naseer-uda-deane mahmood shaah tughlak dusra tyachya jaagi aala, parantu tyacha chulat bhau nusrat khaan yanehi firojabadmadhye ashach darjacha dawa keela.
jaffar khanchi pahili yuddhasadrush moheem idarchya ravchya virodhat hotee, jyane 1393 madhye paramparik khandani denyas nakar deela hota aanee yaa pramukhala tyane namr kele. samkalin itihas asey darshavito qee junagadache raav aanee tyanche swatantrya kayam thevana rajpipalachya raja vagalata, aadhichya rajyapalanni gujaratchya serve kinwa bahutek pramukhankadun khandani vasool kelee hotee. jaffar khanane aata prasiddha somnath mandiraviruddha mohimechi yojana aakhali, parantu, aseer-burhanpurchya aadil khanane sultanpur aanee nandurbarvar aakraman kele aahe heey aikoon tyane aapale sainya tyaa dishene halavale aanee aadil khaan yasirla nivrutt jhaala.
1394 madhye tyane mukalsinh navachya junagadchya ravchya virodhat kooch kele aanee khandani magitali. tyanantar, somanathala jaatana, tyane mandir uddhvast kele, jumma masheed bandhali, islamchi suruvat kelee, muslim kayada adhikanyanna sodale aanee somnath patan kinwa dev patan shaharat 'thana' kinwa padd sthapan kele. tyane aikale qee manduche hindu muslimanvar atyachar karat aahet aanee tyanusar, tethe kooch karat, tyane tyaa killyavar eka varsh sankatat takale, parantu too naan gheta aalyane rajanchi karane swikarlyane tyane swatahla santusht kele. mundu yethoon tyane ajmerchi tirthayatra kelee. yethe tyane sambhar aanee dandavanachya pramukhanviruddha karvai kelee aanee nantar delwada aanee jhalvadachya rajputanvar hallah keela, tyancha parabhav keela aanee 1396 madhye patnyala paratala.
yach sumaras tyacha mulga tatar khanane panipatchya killyat aapale saman thevun dillivar hallah karnyacha prayatna keela. pann ikbal khanane panipatcha killa tabyat ghetala, tatar khanche saman tabyat ghetale aanee tyala gujaratala jaanyas bhag padale. 1397 madhye, idar qamee karnyachya drushtine, jaffar khanane killyala vedha ghatala, jyamule shejaril desh uddhvast jhaala.
sadhyachya paristhitit, taimurne bharatavar aakraman kele aanee 1398 madhye dillikade kooch kele. 1399 chya suruvatila tyane mahmood dusaracha parabhav keela aanee dillicha barachsa bhag lutoon nasht keela. sultan mahmood dusra paloon gela aanee anek bhatkantinantar too patanala pohochala. dillikade kooch karnyasathi jaffar khanchi yutee midvanyachi tyala aasha hotee parantu jaffar khanane nakar deela. too malvyala gela, jithe sthanik rajyapalanni tyala punha nakar deela. darmyan, tyachya vajir ikbal khanane nusrat khanla dillitoon hakaloon dile hote, tyamule too dillila paratala, parantu jyaa prantanvar tyache rajyapal swatantrapane rajya karat hote, tyanchyavar tyala puresa adhikar navhata.
jaffar khanane idar killa tabyat ghenyapurvi jaffar khanla taimurne dillivar vijay midavalyachi batami midali aanee idar rajashi shantata prasthapit karoon too parat patanala aala. 1398 madhye, somnath lokanni swatantryacha dawa keela heey aikoon, jaffar khanane tyanchyaviruddha sainyache netrutva kele, tyancha parabhav keela aanee islamla drudh payavar ubhe kele.
1403 madhye jaffar khancha mulga tatar khanane aaplya vadilanna dillivar kooch karnyas sangitale, jeey tyane nakarle. parinami, 1403 madhye, tatarne tyala aashavalmadhye (bhavishyatil ahmedabad) qaid kele aanee muhammad shaah yaa upadhikhali swatahla sultan ghoshit kele. tyane rajpipalamadhye nandodchya pramukhala namr kele. too dillichya dishene nighala, parantu vatet narmada nadichya uttar kinanyavaril sinor yethe tyache kaka shums khaan dandani yanni tyala vish dile. kahee sutranche mhanane aahe qee havamanamule kinwa atee madyapan karnyachya savayimule tyacha naisargikaritya mrutyu jhaala. muhammad shaah yanchya mrutyunantar, jafarla 1404 madhye turungatoon sodanyat aale. jaffar khanane tyacha swatacha dhakata bhau shams khaan dandani yala sarkar chalavanyas sangitale, parantu tyane nakar deela. tyanusar jaffar khanane jalal khaan khokharchya jaagi shaam khaan dandanila nagorla pathavale. jafarne prashasanavar niyantran midavale. 1407 madhye tyane birpur kinwa sherpur yethe swatahla sultan muzaffar shaah pahila ghoshit kele, rajgharanyache chinh ghetale aanee tyachya navavar nanee jaaree kelee. asha prakare tyane aupcharikpane gujarat saltanatichi sthapana kelee.
vastukala.
yaa kalat bandhkam purvichya sthanik sthapatya paramparevar chaloo rahile, jee maroo-gurjar vastukala mhanoon shikharavar pohochali aahe. mandire, mashidi, rahivasi aanee nagri sanrachananmadhye hii parampara kayam rahili. sthanik paramparet sudharana karnyat aalee aanee islami shraddha, vidhee aanee prathannusar ticha vistar karnyat aala. mashidisarkhya islami dharmik imaratinche bandhkam sanhitabaddha aanee pramanit karnyat aale. asey sanhitakaran 15 vya shatkatil sanskrut grunth 'rahman-prasad' madhye aadhalate. mashidichya ashach eka suruvatichya udaharanamadhye 1383-84 madhye bandhalelya mangrolmadhil jaami mashidicha samavesh aahe.
yaa kalat bandhanyat aalelya ullekhaneey mashidinmadhye junagarh yetheel all-irajichi masheed (1286-87), mangrolmadhil rahimat masheed (1382-1383), bharuchi jaami masheed (1321), khambhatchi jaami masheed, bahlol khaan ghazi kinwa hilal khaan kazi masheed (1333) aanee dholka yetheel tanka masheed (1361) yancha samavesh aahe. khambhatmadhil all-khazerunichi kabar 1333 madhye bandhali gelee hotee.
payya.
vadhvanmadhil madhav 1294 madhye (vikram sanvat 1350) nagar brahman maadha aanee keshav yaa shevatchya vaghela shasak karn yachya darbaratil mantryanni bandhala hota. madha aanee vikia bavalanshi samya asalyamule kapadvanjmadhil batris kotha bavti 13vya shatkatil asoo shakate.
14 vya shatkat mothya sankhyene payya bandhalya gelya. 1319 madhye (v. ess. 1375) modha jaatichya valee sodhala yanni. khedbrahmachya brahm mandirajavalil bavti 14 vya shatkatil hotee, jee tyachya shailinusar mojali jaate. mahuva (1381) madheel suda bavadi, dhandusarmadhil hunny bavadi (1389/1333 edee) aanee dholka yetheel siddhanath mahadev bavadi gujaratmadhil tughlak rajvatit bandhanyat aalya hotya. ahmadabadjavalachi sampachi bavti 1328 madhye bandhanyat aalee hotee.