
ruttramnus

uttar francemadhil eminsjavalil corbychya mathacha eka ughadpane bolanara sadhu, ruttramnus (maran pavala) haah eka carolingian dharamshastradnya hota, joou tyachya dharmik vidhee aanee purvaniyojanavaril lekhanasathi sarvat changla olakhala jaato. tyacha 'daad corpore ett sanguine dominy' ('prabhuchya shariravar aanee raktavar') haah dharmik grunth tyachya mathadhish pascasius radbertschya vastavadi dharmik shastrala virodh karnara hota. ratramnus haah bhikshu gotschockchya bachavasathi dekhil olakhala jaat asey, jyache duheri purvaniyojanache dharamshastra heey 9 vya shatkatil france aanee germanymadhye byanch vadache kendra hote. tyachya swatachya kalat, ratramnus kadachit tyachya "roman charchchi ninda karananya greek lokanchya aakshepanviruddh", photian matbhedala pratisad aanee niseno-constantinapolitan panthat philiokchya jodanichya sanrakshanasathi prasiddha hota.
ratramanasachya likhananni protestant sudharananvar prabhav padala.
charitra.
ratramnuschya jivanabaddal farshi mahitee nahee, parantu kahinni asey suchavale aahe qee 844 madhye jevha pashasius radbertsla mathadhish karnyat aale tevha too corbychya benedictin mathat shikshak banala. yavyatirikt, takkal padalela raja charles yachyashi tyache vajvi jawalche sambandh asalyache disate.
uturist.
kahee velapurvi, pascasius radbertsney corby yetheel mathatil shikshak mhanoon aaplya bhoomiket, 'dii corpore ett sanguine dominy' (prabhuchya shareer aanee raktavishayi) lihile, asey mutt vyakt kele qee pratishthapan kshani, vedivaril bhakari aanee draksharas heey yeshu khristachya shareer aanee raktasarkhech jhaale. vedivaril shareer aanee rakt heey pruthvivaril khristachya avtar sharirasarkhech naisargik shareer aanee rakt aahe heey pascasius spasht hota. tyachya dharmik vidhinchya varnanat, paschasiusne pratima (aakruti) aanee satya (satya) yanchyatil farak kadhala, jyacha arth tyala anukrame "bahya swaroop" aanee "vishvas kaay shikavato" assa samajala. pashchasiyasachya granthacha parinam mhanoon konatahi vaad nirman jhalela disat nahee, joou tyane bahudha tyachya eka majee vidyarthyala samarpit karoon, bodhanasathi madat mhanoon lihila hota. nantar, bahudha 844 madhye, pashasius yane charles daad baldla samarpit kelelya tyachya 'eucharist' yaa pustakachi punaravrutti dekhil kelee.
843 madhye jevha charles daad baldney corbyla bhet dilee, tevha too spashtapane ratramnusla bhetala aanee tyane uturistche spashtikaran magitale. tevha, samratalach ratramanasne tyachya karyala sambodhit kele, jyache shirshak 'daad corpore ett sanguin dominy' dekhil hote. yaa pustakat, ruttramnusne eka aadhyatmik drushtikonache samarthan kele jyamadhye dharmik vidhinche bhakari aanee madya heey khristachya sharirache aanee raktache pratikatmak pratinidhitva karatat aanee tyache smaran mhanoon kaam karatat, parantu teey kharokhar (indriyandware drishyaman) khristache shareer aanee rakt naheet.. ratramnusne eukeristche varnan paschasius mhanoon karnyasathi samaan done sandnya ('figura' aanee 'veritas') vaparlya, parantu tyancha vegalya paddhatine vapar keela. tyachyasathi, 'veritas' mhanje 'indriyanna bodhgamya', mhanoon dharmik vidhee 'kharokhar' khristache shareer aanee rakt asoo shakat nahee, kaaran teey-indriyannusar-rupat badalale nahee, parantu bhakari aanee draksharas rahile, kinwa teey shabdasha khristache aitihasik avtar shareer navhate.
yaa charchecha parinam mhanoon konatahi nishedh jaaree karnyat aala nahee aanee donhi bhikshunpaiki konihi tyachya karyat dusyacha ullekh kinwa sandarbh dilela nahee. hyamule, villemian otenane 'vivad' mhanoon pascasius aanee ruttramnus yanchya vegvegalya sthitinchya paramparik vyakhyela aavhan dile aahe."
purvaniyojan.
840 aanee 50 chya dashakat, ruttramons orbesachya gotschockchya shikavanukivaril vadat sameel jhaala (see. aii. 803-68). 830 chya sumaras corbychya mathat bhatkana shikshakachya vastavyadarmyan ratramnusla bahudha pahilyanda gotschockcha samna karava lagla aanee nantar rimschya archbishop hinkmarshi jhalelya sangharshat tyane tyala pathimba deela. gotschockne duheri purvaniyojanacha eka prakar shikavala, heey shikavat qee devane nivadoon aalelya aanee abhishapt asha doghanchehi bhavitavya purvaniyojit kele aahe.
851 madhye, johnn scotus eriugenala gotschockchya shikavanila virodh karnyache kaam denyat aale hote, parantu 'daivi purvaniyojanavaril grunth' yaa tyachya karyane konatyahi prakarchya purvaniyojanache moolatah khandan kele, jyachya nakaramule ratramnus aanee lionchya fulancha santap vadhala. pratisad mhanoon, ruttramnusne 'devachya purvaniyojanavar' ('daad predestination dei') yaa done pustakanchya granthachi rachana kelee, jyamadhye tyane papashi purvaniyojanachya sambandhavar aakshep ghetana duheri purvaniyojanacha bachav keela.
philic.
ratramnuschya aayushyachya uttaradhat, tyane purv aanee paschim khrishchananmadhil photiuschya constantinopleche kulguru mhanoon niyuktibaddalachya 863-7 chya photian matbhedala pratisad deela. yaa vyapak vadat vividh purv-paschim matbhedancha samavesh hota, jase qee kulgurunchi niyukti, bulgariatil churchche adhikarkshetra aanee nicono-constantinapolitan panthat 'philioc' chee pashchatya bharr. roman charchchi badnami karananya greek lokanchya aakshepanviruddh pashchimatya dharamshastracha aanee tyachya saravatil ratramnuscha bachav, jaree kamacha antim bhag mathatil mundan aanee purohit brahmacharya yasarkhya itar matbhedanshi sambandhit asala, taree too mukhyatve 'philioc' siddha karnyat guntalela aahe.
itar kaame.
gotschockla pathimba denyachya aanakhi eka pradarshanat, ruttramnusne gotschockchya trideshiy sutrikaranachya bajoone pitrusattak granthancha eka lahan sangrah tayar keela, jyamadhye rimschya prastavit 'summa detas' chya hinkmarchya viruddha 'trina detas' tayar kele gele.
ruttramnusne 'kutryachya dokyavaril pranyanvar' eka patra dekhil lihile. heey rimbertchya eka prashnachya uttarat hote, jeey tevha scandinaviamadhye missionary mhanoon kaam karat hote, jyanni vicharale qee jawal rahnare cyanocephaly manav aahet qaa, kaaran jarr teey rimbert asateel tarr tyanni tyanche dharmantar karnyacha prayatna karane apekshit hote. ratramnusney assa yuktivad keela qee rimbertchya strotanni cyanocephaliche varnan gavanmadhye rahnare aanee shetee aanee hastakalet guntalele asalyache kele aahe, tyamule teey tarkshuddha aanee mhanoon manvi asale pahijet.
ratramnusney 'khristacha janm' haah aanakhi eka grunth lihila, joou kadachit pascasiuschya 'daad partu virginis' laa pratisad mhanoon hota. yaa pustakat, khristachya khyan manvi svabhavapasun vichalit houu naye mhanoon, kumari meripasoon khristacha janm naisargik manvi margane jhaala yaa kalpaneche samarthan ratramnusney kele.
ratramnusney paramparik augustinian manasshastrala samarthan dett aatmyavar done grunth lihile. pahila, 'aun daad soul', macarius scotus navachya vyaktiviruddha lihila gela hota aanee dusra, 'daad book aun daad soul', jyane beauvicechya bishop odo aay yanna sambodhit kele hote, tyane fly abechya eka anamik bhikshune upasthit kelelya kalpanela aavhan dile-qee serve manav eka sarvatrik aatmyat sahbhagi hotat. aatmyavarche pustak' madhye, ruttramnusne assa yuktivad keela qee aatma sarvatrik asoo shakat nahee, keval vyakti asoo shakat nahee.
ekandarit, madhyayugeen vidwan giulio dii 'onophrio yanni ratramnuschya kamanche varnan kele aahe, jeey kaljipurvak paddhatshir spashtata aanee susangatatedware chinhankit kele aahe, jeey bahudha boethiuschya' yutichesachya uttaravar 'aadharit aahe.
nantar swagat.
kahee kalane, ratramnusche 'eukeristic vark' dii corpore ett sanguine dominy 'heey johnn scotus eriujenache kaam mhanoon olakhale jaau lagale. 11vya shatkat, tourchya berengarne lanfrank auph beksobatchya tyachya vadavivadat 'scotus' pustakala tyachya 'eucharist' chya drushtikonacha srot mhanoon ghetale aanee 1050 madhye versailychya sthanik parishadene tyacha sankshiptapane nishedh keela. 1100 chya sumaras, jevha kahee granthanmadhye ratramnusche naav chukun 'bertramus' mhanoon coppy kele gele tevha aanakhi gondhal nirman jhaala, hii eka chook jee 19vya shatkaparyant tikoon rahili.
16vya shatkat, ruttramonsche karya punha ekada vadache kendra banale. 1531 madhye 'daad corpore ett sanguine dominy' chhaplyanantar, protestant sudharkanni transbstantiation catholic siddhantala virodh mhanoon heey pustak ghetale. englandmadhye too visheshtah prabhavi hota, jithe thomas crannerne shevati rattramnusdware transbstantiation virodhat khatri patavanyacha dawa keela hota.
sandarbh.
nondi
srot