
cheeri

cheeri (;) heey turinchya aagneyela, railwayne aanee rastyane vasalele, piedmont (itali) yaa turin mahanagaratil eka shahar aanee "samuday" aahe. yachya seema khaleel nagarpalikanchya seemah baldisero torinese, pavarolo, montaldo torinese, pino torinese, arignano, andezeno, peseto torinese, riva presso chiirii, cambiano, santena aanee poirino.
itihas.
prii-roman.
navpashan aanee lohyugachya darmyan, italian dweepkalpachya yaa bhagatil mool rahivasi liggers hote. poe nadichya maidanachya yaa bhagat rahnare snayu visheshtah taurini jamatiche hote.
chiriche sthan torini jamatichya pradeshat, turinchya bhovati asalelya tekadyanchya pattyat aahe. mool vasahat bahudha tyanni sthapan kelee hotee, jee eka pramukh tekadivar (jyavar sadhya sann georgioche church aahe) v shaharachya madhyabhagache bhaugolik kendra mhanoon vadhat hotee. tyache mool naav carrium kinwa tyacha eka prakar (udaa.jee. carreo/carreya/carria); heey mool 'qaar' varr aadharit aahe, jyacha arth kadachit 'dagad' assa aahe, jeey gavatil itar vastyanchya samoohachya madhyabhagi asalelya dagadi imaratichya vishisht ligurian vasahatiche mandani pratibimbit karate, jee bahudha chiyerichi mool mandani asel.
ii. sha. puu. 400 chya sumaras, celtic jamatinni gaul yethoon alps olandun poe nadichya maidanavar sthayik jhaale. heey lock ektar vijay kinwa shantatapurn sahavasadvare mool leguershee misalale aanee celto-ligurian lokanna janm deela, jeey roman lock jyala sisalpine gaul, mhanje asey mhanat asateel tyaa pradeshat rahatat.eae. "alpschya yaa bajula jaa".
roman.
romananni, ii. sha. puu. 400 aanee 200 darmyanchya done shatkanmadhye, sampoorn uttar italian dweepkalp jinkanyasathi, anshatah salag aakramananna pratisad mhanoon, ii. sha. puu. 391 madhye raja brainschya netrutvakhalil gallpasoon suruvat kelee aanee nantar ii. sha. puu. 218 madhye mahan general hannible barkachya netrutvakhalil karthajiniyananni, pradirgh pratiaakraman kele.
ii. sha. puu. 176 nantar kahee kalanantar cysalpine gaull purnapane roman sainyane vash kele asanyachi shakyata aahe aanee yaat carrium gavchahi samavesh asel. heey bahudha roman vanijyadut kaiyas claudius palakras yanchya netrutvakhali hote, jyamule mageel varshi jhalelya bandala lashkari pratisad midala.
ii. sha. puu. 2yyaa shatkatil yaa roman vijayanantar, heey gaav carrium potentiachi roman vasahat mhanoon olakhale jaau lagaleh mool ligurian navamadhye cognman mhanoon potentia heey lattin naav ('pottons', 'shaktishali' pasoon vyutpann) jodale jaat aahe.
itaratra ashach udaharanannusar, carrium potentiamadhye roman vasahat purv-roman vasahatichya bajula bandhali gelee asavi, roman bhag maidanachya khalchya jaminivar, reo tapis pravahajaval aanee mool sthanik tekadichya mathyavaril vasahatichya payathyashi bandhala gela asava. heey munch aanee mukhya mandir (bahudha devi minerwala samarpit) jyaa bhagat cathedral aanee tyachya sabhovatalacha pazza sadhya ubha aahe tyaa parisarat sthit hote, tyachya bhovati eka bhint hotee (jyache khuna 1960 chya dashakat utkhanan karnyat aale hote).
roman itihaskar pliny daad elderne tyachya 'naturalis historiya' (dinankit 50-60 edee) madhye 'carrium kwod potentia cognominatour' chaa sandarbh deela aahe, jyat tyala tatbandi asalelya vasahatinchya yadeet naav dile aahe, jeey nantar poe nadee aanee ligurian appenins darmyanchya sisalpine gallchya vibhagat vipul hoteh shaharala eka samruddha roman tatbandiche shahar mhanoon chitrit kele gele hote, jyabhovati lagvadikhalil shetjameen aanee vikhuralelya krishi vasahati aahet.
ii. sha. chya pahilya shatkaparyant, carrium potentiala kharokharach roman nagarpalika, mhanje.eae. aaspaschya kshetrasathi sthanik sarkarche eka sthan.
4thya aanee 5vya shatkachya darmyan, jyaneshiya navachya eka lahan muliche, jyache vayachya donavya varshi nidhan jhaale hote, jyavar ii. sha. 488chya junmadhil antyasanskarachya slabver nond kelyapramane, yaa shaharache khrishchan dharmat rupantar jhaale. 
lui balbe -berton dii krilanache charitrakar margaret dii lusson yanchya matey, sahavya shatkachya uttaradhat shaharat sthalantarit jhalelya eka patrician roman kutumbatil sadasya balbasne chiirii shaharala prajasattak swarupache sarkar dile hote. jaree madhyayugat chiyeri heey aaplya saranjamdaranchya gulamanpasoon swatantrya midvanyasathi prayatnasheel asalele prajasattak mhanoon udayas aale asale taree yaa vidhanacha konatahi purava upalabdh nahee.
madhyayugatil suruvatiche.
10vya shatkaparyant, jevha too adhikrutpane otto III chya shahee anudanadvare turinchya bishapla eka jagir mhanoon denyat aala, toparyant chiribaddal aanakhi konatihi aitihasik nond astitvat nahee, jaree too italichya mothya morchachya lashkari adhikarachya adheen hota, jyacha dharak tyaa velee susachya edeleidshee jhalelya tyachya lagnadware savoy gharanyachi nammatra ganana hota.
susachya edelide, turinchya margionesachya mrutyunantar, tichya varasdar umbarato II neey sevoychya gananetil anek piedmonties malki gamavali. 
tyanantarchya rajkiy vibhajanamadhye, turinchya purvekadil piedmonties jameen saluzo, biandrate aanee montferratchya kooch yaa parganyanmadhye vibhagali gelee, jyamule akheris chiirii aanee esty hii shahare aarthikdrushtya bharbharatila aalee aanee sthanik saranjamdaranchi shakti qamee karnyat swarasya asalelya savoy gharanyane samarthit kelelya swatantra shaharanpramane tyanchya sambandhit lease bishappasoon swatantrya ghoshit kele.
swatantrya midvanyachi prakriya haloohaloo aanee vivekpurn hotee aanee shaharachya sarkarla roman mudrank, vanijyadutanchi karyalaye aanee sansadhane pradan karnyasathi tasech shaharachya tatbandila balkati denyasathi vividh prashasakeey aanee curr sudharanansah suruvat jhaali. yaa haloohaloo, chiyeri shaharane shejarchya pradeshanmadhye aapala prabhav vadhavanyas suruvat kelee.
11vya shatkachya purvardhaparyant, bishop landlfchya dishene, shaharala sann georgio tekadichya (jyala 'castrum senkti georgy' mhanoon olakhale jaate, jeey ajunahi shaharache kendrabindu aahe) bhovati eka snrakshak bhint bandhanyat aalee hotih heey dirghkal padale gelele 'murah landolphian' ajunahi tekadichya sabhovatalachya arund rastyanchya namunyachi ruparesha spashtapane shodhatat (jyala 'chiosiola', 'gogalgai' mhanoon olakhale jaate). yaa kamat tekadivar kille aanee manore balkat karane samavisht hote, jeey aata sann georgiochya charchmadhye samavisht kele gele aahe, jeey tekadichi chotee vyapate aanee shaharakade pahate.
bhintinchya baher, shaharachya sabhovatalachya maidani bhagavar, kumari merila samarpit eka church ubharanyat aale hoteh heey thikan bahudha chauthya shatkatil purvichya aanee adhik pracheen churchche hote, jyane purvichya roman mandirachi jaaga swatah devi minerva ghetali hotee.
yaa kalat shaharatil shaktishali kutumbandware bhintinchya parighamadhye asankhya chaturbhuj manore bandhale gele, mhanoon teey 'sitta dele sento tory' ('shambhar manonyanche shahar') mhanoon olakhale jaau lagaleh yapaiki mojkech manore aajahi astitvat aahet.
1154 madhye, shaharane montferratchya william wii viruddha ladhanyasathi, yuddhat tyacha parabhav karoon, adhik shaktishali shahar estishi yutee kelee. 
roncagliachya pahilya aaharat, samrat fredrick barbarosa, joou tyache sarvbhaumatva punarsanchayit karnyasathi tyachya sainyasah italivar utarala hota, tyane samratachya bhachishi lagn kelelya vilyam wii. montferratla done shaharanvar adhikar dile. poe nadichya magomag tyachya sainyane, samratane donhi shaharanna vedha ghalanyacha nirdhar keela. shahee sainyane vedha ghalanyasathi heey shahar yogya nahee heey jaanun chiricha nagrik, aakramankartyansathi bharpur pramanat daroo aanee ann kaljipurvak sodoon shaharatoon paloon gela, jeey tarihi tyache manore padnyasathi aanee kille uddhvast karnyasathi pudhe gele, akheris janewari 1155 madhye shaharala aag lavali, tyanantar teey astikade gele, jithe teey tyaa karyachi punaravrutti kartil.
lokpriy aakhyayika ashee aahe qee shaharache sadhyache naav berberosa yanni dile hote, jyane shahar lutoon teey sodoon gelyavar, tyachya avasheshankade mage valoon pahile aanee vicharale, "maa tuu, chee iirii?"(italiansathi" aanee tumhi, tumhi kona hota?"), jaree hii katha bahudha apramanik asali taree.
rajkiyadrushtya adhik dhadsi aanee aarthikdrushtya adhik samruddha hott asalelya uttar italichya shaharanchya satatchya bandkhorila tond denyasathi samrat 1158 madhye italila paratala.
yaveli jaree chiyerine samratachi bajoo ghetali aanee lagechach tyachya sainyat yogdan dile, taree tyachi bhayankar bharpai karnyat aalee, kaaran tee turinchya bishapla navyane midali hotee, jyane tee shaktishali margdarshak III, biondratechi ganana, kadachit bheeti balgoon dilee hotee qee kadachit ektya tyachyakade tee dharan karnyasathi pureshi shakti nasel.
1169 madhye, chiyeri aanee esty yanni dvidhamanchya mahattvakankshanpasun swatache sanrakshn karnyasathi paraspar madatichya sanrakshanatmak kararavar swakshya kelya aanee tyanchyaviruddhachya yuddhat vijayi jhalyanantar lagechach swatahla aadhalale, tyanche kahee adhikar punarsanchayit kele aanee swatantryachya dishene tyancha marg pudhe nela.
1176 madhye, samratala legnanochya ladhait lombard leegne parabhoot kele aanee too vaiyaktikaritya jakhami jhaala. 
chiyeri shaharatil balbo kutumbane samrataviruddha, gulfchya bajoone ladhananya ladhait bhag ghetala.
shatkachya akheris, shaharane tyachya charchchya laurd, turinche bishop, ardino valparga yanchyaviruddha yuddh ghoshit karnyasathi testonashi yutee kelee. turin shahar, biondrateche gananeche shahar aanee cavoretto aanee revigliaskoche swami bishapchya bajula sameel jhaale, tarr cavor aanee piosaskoche swami chiirii prajasattakachya bajula sameel jhaale. samaan mahattvakanksha aanee niyatimule chiyerishi bandhalele astiche prajasattak aanee 1194 chya lashkari kararadvare chiyerichya madatila aale. jaree yuddhachya pratyaksh aathvani upalabdh nasalya taree pudhil shantatedvare asey gruheet dharale jaate qee yuddh chiyerisathi anukool hote. 10 februwari 1200 roji testonajavalil myranochya shetat, esty aanee versailyche rajdoot, bishop arduno, turin, chiyeri aanee testonache podesta aanee done puluali, uberto dii bensia, done merley, pier gribaldo, signorino balbo aanee enerico taanaa yanchyasah shaharatil asankhya pramukh nagarikanchya upasthitit shantatevar swakshya karnyat aalya. shantatet anek kalame hotee, jyapaiki sarvat mahattvacha bahudha eka kalam hota, jyamadhye asey mhatale hote qee testona aanee chiirii yaa done prajasattakanni, jarr tyane turin shahar aanee bishop shaharavaril aaplya adhikarancha vapar keela tarr, too tyanchya majee sarvbhaumancha varas hota aanee turinashi asalelya paraspar shatrutvamule, too savadhgirichya gananes madat karel.
4 march 1204 chaa eka taha, jyane chiirii, testona aanee turin yanna bandhale. bachavatmak aanee paraspar sahayya kalmanchya varr, itar shaharanna itar shaharanpramanech nagarpalika visheshadhikar midatil aanee teey samaan podesta samayik kartil heey sthapit karnyasathi itar kele gele. testonachya pulababat (aaj moncaliary yethe) anek tartudi karnyat aalya, joou teenahi shaharansathi mahattvapoorn aarthik mahattvacha hota, jyat toll, tyakade jaanare raste aanee puravale jaanare rakshak yancha samavesh hota. jaree too karar mahattvakankshi asala taree lavkarach too bajula kadhoon taknyat aala, aanee turinchya eka naveen bishapane tyache anek visheshadhikar punarsanchayit karanyachi vinanti kelee.
yamadhye narhatya, choree, deshdroh aanee dvandvayuddhasathi tasech ichhevina maran pavalelya paradeshi lokansathi aanee chauthya iyatteparyantchya ichchheshivay aanee natevaik nasalelya chiyerichya serve dandacha labharthi asane samavisht hote. 1210 madhye eka kararat yala manyata denyat aalee.
tyach varshi 10 juuna roji, shaharane samrat aanee bishop vagalata serve shatrunpasun paraspar sanrakshanasathi gofredo, count auph biondrate aanee tyachya putanyansobat karar keela. yaa kararanusar, chiirii shaharatil konatyahi vyaktila nagrikatva denyas aanee tyachya konatyahi prajes nagrikatva denyas, tyaulat, chirila pratibandhit karnyat aale. haah khand madhyayugeen kalatil vadhichya niyantranache vaishishtya aahe, jithe shaharachya sthapanesathi shahee vyavasthechi aavashyakta hotee, tatbandila lease lordsdware manyata dyavi lagat hotee aanee lokanchya halchalimule saranjamdar vyavasthesathi bhandavalache prachand nuksan jhaale hote, jaree yenanya shatkanmadhye shahari bhag mothe aanee adhik shaktishali hott asatana teey aparivartaniy siddha hoil.
midavalelya anek visheshadhikaranchi pushti oto IV dware kelee jaanar hotee, jyanchyakade eka shrimant chiyerine rajdoot iacopo dii rohat, tyanche podesta aanee itar anekjan pathavale. tyanni shaharala dilelya visheshadhikaranmadhye naveen nagrik swikaranyache adhikar tasech jawalchya chhotya pradeshanvaril sarvbhaumatvachi pushti karane samavisht hote.
1123 aanee 1224 madhye anukrame riva aanee cosage heey chiyerine tabyat ghetale. nantarchya rahivashanna pesetochya bhoomichya madatine chiyerichya jawal halavanyat aale.
yaa velee chiyerichya samruddhisathi mothya pramanat jababdar asalele, chiyeriche podesta aanee 1225 madhye estiche ugon dell careto hote. revigliasco killa aanee tyachya aaspaschya jamini shaharane kharedi karnyasathi dekhil tyacha mahattvacha vaataa hota.
akheris, genova aanee lombardichya vyapari mulanvaril vyavsayik vaad, jeey esty aanee chiyarimadhun gele, jeey italian vyapanyanna francemadhye gheuun gele, parinami chiyari aanee esty yanni testonaviruddha naveen yuddh kele. 1228 madhye, done sahyogi shaharanchya sainyane testonacha padav keela, agadi charchadekheel sodalele naheet. tyanantarchya varshanmadhye, vikhurlele rahivasi jawalchya moncaliary parisarat punarvasan jhaale.
madhyayugatil uttarardh.
13vya shatkat, chiyeri prajasattakane lakshaniy samruddhicha kaal anubhavala aanee tyaa velee genoa, esty aanee pisa yasarkhya itar italian shahar-rajyanshi vaibhav aanee mahattvane tulana karata yet hotee.
1238 madhye, samrat fredrick dusra yane prajasattakala 'camera speciale' (italianh 'vishesh kaksh') chaa darja deela, jyacha arth assa hota qee prajasattakala keval (atishay durgam) samratachya adhikarakhalil adhikar asel.
tyaa shatkachya akheris shahar gatanmadhil vadhatya hinsak antargat sangharshannantar, chiirii prajasattakane, shejarchya jameen aanee killyanvar aapale varchasva prasthapit karoon aanee shaharachya bhintinchi duyyam vartul bandhunahi, satta aanee svayatta itaki qamee kelee qee 1339 madhye shaharane swatahla naplescha raja robbert auph anjou yachya adheen kele; asey kartana, tyane aaplya ardhi jameen aanee pradesh savoy-aachiya gharanyachya rajkumar aayakopola saranjami malki mhanoon dile. jevha akayachi vanshavali sampushtat aalee tevha akheris heey shahar sampurnatah savoychya gharat gele.
punarujjivanache yug.
15 vya shatkane chiyereela aarthik samruddhicha aanee kalanchya bharbharaticha kaal deela, itar prayatnambarobarach, santa maria charchchi punarbandhani duomo mhanoon tyachya sadhyachya swarupat kelee. yaa kalat sann georgiochya dongarachya shikharavaril charchchi tyachya sadhyachya avtarat punarbandhani karnyat aalee aanee shaharatil shrimant vyapanyanni yaa bhagat anek aakarshak kalakruti aanalya.
16 vya shatkat tyanantarchya mahamari, sathichya rog aanee yuddhancha kaal samavisht hota aanee 1551 teey 1562 paryant french varchasva dekhil aanale. yaa kalat, tyache kahee nagrik martin leutherne suru kelelya protestant sudharananche anuyayi banale, parantu duke emmanuel filibertchya tivra virodhamule heey radd karnyat aaleh tyacha sanman karnyasathi, savoychya charles emmanuel pahila sobat, yaa shatkachya akheris shaharane eka vijayi kamaan bandhali, jee ajunahi mukhya rastyavar (sadhya vittorio emuel II dware) aahe.
1630 saalee bubonic plegcha bhayankar udrek jhaala, joou aajahi darr 12 septemberla madona dele graziechya samarambhasah sajra keela jaato. asey asoonahi, 17 vya shatkachya urvarit kalat, chiyeri yethe sant 'antonio ebet sarkhya barok shailitil anek church aanee chapples, tasech asankhya chitre aanee shilpe bandhanyat aalee, jyamule kalatmak kamgirichi bharbharat jhaali.
aadhunik yug.
1785 madhye chiyeri heey duke auph austachya niyantranakhalil eka sansthan banale. 18 vya shatkachya uttaradhat punha french varchasva aale, yaveli napolean bonapartchya vijayakhali, parantu yaa kalat eka pramukh kapad girani sthapan jhaali, jee vastrodyog vyapar aanee utpadanache madhyayugeen kendra mhanoon shaharachya payavar ektrit aanee bandhali gelee.
19vya shatkachya uttaradhat itar anek kapad karkhane suru jhaale, jyat chiyeripasoon nirman jhalelya kapad nirmitine aantarrashtriy kapad melyanmadhyehi pramukh bhoomika bajavali. 1850 saalee madhyayugeen kalatil junya shaharachya darvajanchi nasadhus aanee shaharachya bhintinche khasgikaran jhaale, jyane tyaa velee ajunahi sampoorn shaharachya simanche seemankan kele hote.
1871 madhye, anshatah nagarpalika aanee shrimant nagarikanchya yogdanamule, chiirii-trophero shakha margachya swarupat shaharala eka railwaymarg jodani bandhanyat aalee. heey shaharachya aatachya atishay mahattvachya kapad udyogala seva denyasathi hote, railway sthanakachya bandhkamamule aaspaschya bhagat tyachya bhintinchya baher bandhalelya pahilya shahar quarterchya ubharanichi suruvat jhaali.
20vya shatkachya suruvatila kapad udhyoganche vidyutikaran jhaale (1909). dusya mahayuddhamule shaharat thet bombsfot jhaale naheet, jaree asankhya karkhane aanee avjad udhyoganche utpadan jawalchya turinchya pramukh audhyogik kendratoon sthalantarit jhaale. 1943chya casibile yuddhaviramachya nantar germanyne mitrapakshanchya sainyane mukt hoiparyant shahar tabyat ghetale.
aaj.
yuddhanantarchya kalat chiyerichya loksankhyet prachand vaadh jhaali, kaaran 1950 teey 1970 chya darmyan venetto pradeshatoon aanee dakshin italihoon milan aanee turin aanee lagatchya bhagansarkhya uttar italichya pramukh audhyogik kendranmadhye mothya pramanat sthalantar jhaale. yamule yuddhanantar lagechach loksankhyet sumare 14,000 varoon fakt teen dashakanchya aat 30,000 rahivasi vaadh jhaali.
20vya shatkachya uttaradhat shaharatil vastrodyogat dekhil ghasaran jhaali, kaaran bharatiy upkhandatil aanee sudur purvekadil swast utpadan kendranchya spardhatmak dabavamule anek karkhane bund karnyas bhag padale gele. shaharabaher naveen audhyogik kshetra ubharun aanee chirichya mahattvapoorn sanskrutik aanee aitihasik varshacha punarshodh aanee punarvikas karoon yacha pratikar keela jaat aahe.
aaj, chiyeri heey vyavsayik, kirkol, vittiy aanee trutiyak sevanchya vividh portfoliochya tartudisathi eka vadhat jaanare kendra aahe.
creeda.
chiyerimadhye '76 volleyball' haah eka vyavsayik mahila volleyball club aahe joou aii1 maliket khelato. shaharat eka ardh-vyavsayik football club aaa dekhil aahe.ess.dii. dii' maliket khelanara chiyari.
ullekhaneey ghatana.
sakali 8h30 vajata.emm. mangalvari, 15 aktoobar 2002 roji, chiyerine yuddhakalabaheril italichya sarvat white nagri hatyakandanpaiki eka anubhavala, jevha mansik aajaracha itihas asalela bandukicha utsahi, berojgar karagir mauro antonello (40) yane shaharachya bahereel borgo venezia quartermadhil parini rastyavarun golibar keela.
chaar shastrancha vapar karoon (teen ardh-svayanchalit), gunhegarane saat lokanchi hatya kelee, jyachi suruvat tyachi majee patni carla bergamine hichyapasoon jhaali, jichya gharee hii shokantika ghadali. tyachya itar piditanmadhye tichi vidhva aaee teresa gobo; karlacha bhau sergio bergamine aanee tyachi patni marjerita fails, jeey tyanchya gharachya talmajalyavar kapad karyashala chalvat hote; shejaril decio guerra aanee tyachya patnisah; aanee marjeritacha mitra pirangela gramaglia, joou tyanchya karyashalet tyanchyasathi kaam karat hota, yancha samavesh hota.
police ghatanasthali pohochanyapurvich gunhegarane aatmahatya kelee.
pakakala.
chiricha focasia.
yaa shaharat pakkalechya vaishishtyanpaiki eka god chapati bhakari aahe, jee purnapane gharee banavaleli pakakruti aahe, jee jevanachya shevati khalli jaate. teey tayar karnyasathi, paanee, peeth, dudh, undy, lonee, sakhar aanee bear yeastpasoon banavalele peeth vaparane aavashyak aahe. heey mishran nantar ovhanmadhye thewale jaate jenekarun teey caramelise houu shakel. aajkal konihi paramparik aavrutti kharedi karoo shakato, jyache vajan ardha kilo aahe.
granthalay.
chiyerimadhye nikolo aanee paola francon granthalay aahe. imarat aanee tichya furniturechya nutanikaranacha prakalp vastuvisharad aanee granthalay tadnya, genoache geanfranco franchiney yanna denyat aala. tyanni vyavhariktene aateel rachaneche nutanikaran kele, granthalay ubharanyasathi 1950 chya dashakapasun furniturechya tukadyancha vapar karnyas pradhanya dile. franchayanisathi, furnitureche teey tukade purvichya kapus giranichya tabasochya rachana shailishi susangat asavet. 
chiirii heey yasah jodale gele aaheh
bahya duve.
<bii. aar.>