
hatoda maticha khadda

hammershemeed chikanmaticha khadda (germanh tongroob hammershemeed) haah germanytil bavariya yetheel forzon yetheel eka jivashma vahak parisar aahe, joou sambhavya sarvat juna dnyat dvi-pakshiy wanner 'danuvius guggenmossi' chya shodhasathi sarvat prasiddha aahe. 11.66-11.42 maa chya vayasah heey thikan madhya aanee usheera myosene yugatil sankramanala karanibhoot aahe, jyamule yaa kalat honanya pranyanchya badalanmadhye eka mahattvachi khidaki upalabdh hote. yacha sambandh seravalian-tortonian seema aanee emm. aine. zoan 7/8 nantarchya veleshi aahe. heey sarvat prasiddha myosene sthalanpaiki eka aahe, 2020 paryant 15,000 hoon adhik vaiyaktik jivashma aanee 117 prajati sapadalya aahet. yala "gelya dashakancha sarvat mahattvacha german jivashmashastriy shodh" mhatale gele aahe.
itihas.
hammershmidayche pahile jivashma pahilyanda 1972 madhye chhand puratatvashastradnya seagulph guggenmos yanni shodhale hote. 1975 madhye sookshm sastan pranyanchya samruddha pranyanvaril prakashanantar heey thikan shaikshanik vartulat prasiddha jhaale. 2011 pasoon, utkhananache netrutva tubingen vidyapith aanee senkenberg sangrahalay yanchyatil sahkaryane kele jaate aanee sthanik svayamsevakanchya madatine madelen bome yanchya netrutvakhali kele jaate. vividh vaidnyanikdrushtya mahattvapoorn shodhanchya shodhanantar 2015 madhye utkhanan tivra karnyat aale. 2019 madhye 'danuvius guggenmossi' chya varnananantar madhyamanche laksh vadhale, jyache naav tyaa jaagecha shodh lavnanyacha sanman karate. udo" asey topananav asalelya yaa shodhache varnan hominidemadhil saral gepche sarvat june dnyat udaharan mhanoon kele gele hote, kahee madhyame manavateche ugamsthan baveriyamadhye hote yacha purava mhanoon dekhil tyala mhanatat. matichya khankamamule heey thikan dhokyat aahe.
bhoogol.
hammershemeed chikanmaticha khadda bavariyachya purv aulgau pradeshat, forzenchya nagarpalikemadhye, samudraspatipasun sumare 700 meater unchivar aahe. heey hammerschmeeday jilhyachya agadi paschimes sthit aahe, jyachya navavarun tyala heey naav denyat aale aahe aanee tyachya dakshines ridgreben pravah aanee tyachya poorves vertack nadee darmyan aahe. yavyatirikt, 1950 chya dashakat jivashma vanaspatinche avashesh aadhich sapadalele asalele sthanik ircy, tyachya nairutyela 4.3 kiimii antaravar aahe. sarvat jawalche shahar tyachya aagneyela asalele kaufbeuren aahe.
bhuvidnyan aanee starikaran.
hammersmide parisar haah uttar aalpainchya agrabhumichya khoyatil varchya godya panyachya molasacha bhag aahe. too 'ober siirii' chaa eka bhag aahe, jyamadhye germanytil sarvat tarun molas gaal samavisht aahe. 25. 7 meater jaad bhag matichya khaddyachya dakshin tokala sarvat changla ughad hoto.
aadvya tharanche thurr bahutek karadya rangache, carbonatic aanee bareek danedar gaal, bareek valoo aanee chikanmatiche dagad asatat. uttar dishene 150 meetarpeksha jaast unchivar galancha varsa shodhala jaau shakato, jyat sampoorn antaravar saat chinhak khaata shodhata yetat. heey teen lignite kshitij, teen valoo kshitij aanee eka marlstone aahet. sumare 0.45 meater jaad eksandh galyukt-chikanmatichya marlstonemadhye vividh prakarche sthaliy gastropods asatat aanee teey uttarekadil prushthbhagachya moolbhut bhagat sthit aahe. darmyan, varchya 20 centimetermadhye 10 miimii paryant jaad pedogenic carbonate concretions mubalak pramanat asatat. 20 centimeter jaad kaale lignite kshitij yaa kshitijapasun 1.5 meater varr aadhalate, jyat 70 centimeter pivalya aanee tapkiri rangachya gadad-rakhadi chikanmaticha samavesh aahe. yaa lignitecha rung platty aahe, too anshatah zylitic aahe aanee aadvya bajula carbonatic piit chikanmatine badalala jaau shakato. yaa uttaradhikarakade sampoorn calcic paleosol mhanoon pahile jaau shakate, jyamadhye bii. keey.-kshitij darshavinara marlstone, bii. tii.-kshitij darshavinari chikanmati aanee aii-kshitij darshavinari lignite aahe. varchya aanee khalchya lignitechya kshitijanchya darmyan bareek valuche teen aadve akhand bhag aahet, khalche 1 meater jaad, hirave-rakhadi rangache asoon, tyat konatyahi bichhanyavaril rachana disat naheet, parantu tyat loh-hydroxide daag aahet. abhrak samruddha rakhadi-nilya teey rakhadi valupasoon banaleli aanee loh-hydroxide daag asaleli madhya valuchi kshitij matichya khaddyachya dakshin bhagat 2.8 meater jaad aahe aanee uttarekadil tyachya ksharanatmak payathyashi 4 meetarparyant khol vahinimadhye vikasit hote. varchya valuche kshitij, jyat loh-hydroxide daag darshavinari rakhadi galyukt bareek valoo asate, tee 1.4 meater jaad asate aanee tyachya payathyapasun 0.7 meater unchivar 20 centimeter jaad pedogenic bedne vibhajit kelee jaate. yaa talashi, jyat lahan jivashmayukt mule aahet, tyat chikat chikanmati aanee valukamay gaal asato. 3 centimeterparyant vyas asalele punha kaam kelele pedogenic carbonate heey kshitijachya payathyapasun 30 centimeter varr aadhaltat.
35 seen. mea. jaad lignite kshitij heey hammersmid outcropmadhil sadhya ughad jhalelya galanchya uttarachya shirshasthani chinhankit karate. tyache mool 25 seen. mea. heey sapat rangache asatat aanee kvachitach jhayalit asatat, tarr varchya 10 seen. mea. madhye lignaitaivaji kalee carbonetic sendriya chikanmati asate. teey sumare 10 seen. mea. carbonate-mukt, rakhadi-hiravi aanee ganjalele-pivale chikat valukamay aanee chikanmatiche tukade aachchhadit karate. 40 seen. mea. jaad mulancha gaal kshitij, jyat mubalak pramanat choornyukt, pandhare mauu carbonate asate, tyachya khalee aadhalate, sarvat varchya uttaracha arth aparipakv calcic paleosol assa keela jaau shakato.
yachya thet khalee, aanakhi eka, shalloar calcic paleosol vikasit hote. tyacha aii-kshitij 7 centimeter jaad kalya rangachya carbonetic piit chikanmatine tayar hoto, jyat beaty-kshitij (5 centimeter jaad rakhadi chikanmati) aanee beeke-kshitij (8 centimeter jaad pandhari chikanmati kshitij aanee mubalak pramanat choornyukt carbonate) jhakalele asate. paleosolschi ruting pranali aii-kshitijakhali 50 centimeterparyant pohochate.
yavyatirikt, anek kapalele paleosol, jyat ektar purnapane kinwa anshatah aii-kshitij nasato, visheshtah done khalchya valuchya kshitijanchya darmyan aadhaltat. 0. 60 meetarparyant jaad rakhadi-pivalya rangachya chikat chikat matichya marlesdware tyanche vaishishtya aahe, jyat matricks-samarthit pedogenic carbonate concretions asatat. done qamee vikasit calcic-paleosol, jyat purnapane aii-kshitijancha abhav aahe parantu chikanmatiyukt bii. tii. keey. kshitij aahet, teey dakshinekadil prushthbhagachya uttaradhikarache 4 meterche mool bhag tayar karatat.
haah parisar sahaa starikrut tharanmadhye vibhagalela aahe.
paleoenvironment.
hammersmideche vatavaran heey dakshinekadun uttarekade vahana tirkas nadya aanee pravahanche hangami korade purakshetra hote. hamm 5 hii chaar teey paach meater rundichi, nalyachi jaadi 0.8-1 meterchi aanee panyachi sarasari kholee ≤ 0.8 meater asaleli sthanik moolchi eka odh darshavate. hamm 4 hii eka madhyam aakarachi nadee hotee, jichi rundi andaje 50 meater hotee, nalyachi jaadi 4-5 meater aanee panyachi sarasari kholee ≤4 meater hotee. donhi vahinya cross-sectionmadhye asamamiteey aahet, adhik kholvar chhedanbindu asaleli bahya kinar aanee uthal slip-auph utaar aahe. dhanyanchya aakaranusar, donhi vahinyancha pravah veg qamee teey khoop qamee assa andaj vartavanyat aala aahe. tathapi, "pisidium, margeritifera, spherium" aanee "bithinia" pasoon banalelya svayanchalit godya panyachya molsk pranyanchi upasthiti madhyam pravahasah changlya-oxygenyukt panyache sanket dete. mothya pramanat panyachi upasthiti, maase aanee kasavanchya jivashmanchya mubalakatemule tasech daldalichya vanaspatinmule dekhil samarthit aahe. alpine moolche dagad astitvat naheet, parantu varchya sagari molasmadhun punarnirmit sagari plankton aahe. tyamule yaa nadyanchya panlot kshetrat alpine kshetrancha samavesh navhata. tyaeivaji, tyancha srot hammershameedechya dakshines kahee kilometer antaravar asalelya faltonmolasmadhye asanyachi shakyata aahe.
parisaratil paleoclimate uposhnakatibandhiy aanee aajchya pradeshapeksha lakshaniyaritya ubdar aanee korade hote, jyache varshik sarasari tapman kadachit 20°seey. peksha jaast hote. herpatophonavar aadharit andajanusar hamm 1 sathee 974 ± 256 miimii, hamm 2 sathee 1008 ± 257 miimii aanee hamm 3 sathee 1196 ± 263 miimii sarasari varshik parjanyaman (nakasha) soochit karate, tarr 858 ± 147 mimicha nakasha calcic paleosolasathi andajit vay 11.64 emae aahe. aanakhi eka abhyasachya andajanusar, mahinyache ushna tapman 24.7-27.9 sase., ubdar mahinyatil parjanyaman 79-172 miimii aanee sarasari koppen shushkata nirdeshank 25.4 aahe.
heey serve hawaman hangami korade asalyache soochit karate, aadratechya kalat nadipatrachya pradeshat daldali vikasit hote. uchch tapman aanee tulanene qamee avkshep heey lakshaniy hangami paanee daab darshavtat, jeey pudhe vipul pramanat pedogenic carbonate concretions, jangalatil aagiche sanket aanee adyap aprakashit sthir samasthanik vishleshanadvare samarthit aahe, jeey atishay tivra panyachya tanavakhali see 3 vanaspatichya samruddha δ13 see moolye darshavate. mothya sankhyene scanorial prajati soochit karatat qee heey thikan jangalanni aachchhadit hote.
jaiv-vargikaran aanee jivashma-paryavaranshastra.
hammershamiday heey emm. aine. 7/8 chya navintam tappyanparyantche aahe, jeey staratian-valesian simeshi aachchhadit aahe. ullekhaneey mhanje 'cretzoearctos betricks' aanee 'synohypus' ess. pii. chee upasthiti., jeey tyala thodya junya nombrevilla 2 yaa bhagashi jodate. hammerschmeedela yaa spanish bhagashi jodanara aanakhi eka vargikaran mhanje "gallerics" see. eff. "madhya europemadhye madhya myoseenchya suruvatichya kalat 'axilis' namshesh jhalyache manale jaate, jeey bahudha yaa kalat iberian dweepkalpatun germanymadhye punha sthalantarit jhaale. hyasarkhya prajati suchavatat qee hammerskide aanee samkalin sthale, madhya myosene varn asalelya shevatchya european pranyanche pratinidhitva karoo shakatat. thodyasha lahan sathyanmadhye, udaharanarth "mytelopsis ornitopsis" kshetrashi sambandhit asalelya (11.5 teey 11.4 emm. aii., vienna khore) mothya madhya myosene sastan pranyanchya anek vanshavalinchi jaaga aadhich naveen sthalantaritanni ghetali aahe, jase qee hipperionine ghode jeey emm. aine. 9 kshetra paribhashit karatat. tathapi, mothya covid "meotragoserus" aanee chrisated "microtocrisates molassicus" yasarkhe adhik vaishishtyapurn usheera myosene vargikaran dekhil upasthit aahet. kharey tarr, yaa chrisatidchya ghatanemule sanshodhakanni mulat assa nishkarsh kadhala qee hammersmidecha kaal emm. aine. 9 asava. shivay, hammersmide anukrame "eomelivora" aanee "laffictis" sarkhya anek varganchya pahilya aanee shevatchya donhi ghatana darshavite.
hammersmideche mansahari samooh heey 28 vegvegalya prajatinsah myosene europemadhil tisare sarvat shrimant aahe. 13 sahanubhootipurn lahan mansahari prani keval hamm 5 pasoon olakhale jaatat, jee african ushnakatibandhiy pradeshashi tulana karata yenari vividhata aahe. itar sahaa jivashma jodyanshi (sansan, steinheim, laa grieve-seent alban, rudabnya, cann ponsic aanee cann lobators 1) tulana kelyas tyaa thikananchya mansahari sangh aanee hammershamiday yanchyatil kahee lakshaniy farak disun yeto. itar thikani atyant samanya asalele amphysonids aanee niyamit upasthiti asalele barborophelids heey keval hammershamid yetheel kvachit aanee khandit samagritoon olakhale jaatat. sanson aanee laa grivepasoon dnyat asalele herpesteads aanee lophocyanids purnapane anupasthit aahet, tarr itar bhagantun 'potamotherium' aanee phosids mahit naheet.
mustellids heey sarvat vaividhyapurn kutumb aahe, 11 prajati aahet, jeey parisarat upasthit asalelya serve mansahari pranyanpaiki 39 takke aahet. vivarids keval 3 prajatindware (11 takke) sadar kele jaatat, parantu aadhalanaya serve vyaktinpaiki 21 takke aahet. tathapi, tyanchya hamm 4 (36 takke) aanee hamm 5 (4 takke) madhye tyanchya vipulatemadhye lakshaniy farak aahe. ardhajaliy prajatinchi sankhya charsah khoop jaast asali taree, hamm 5 chya tulanet hamm 4 samanyatah mothya, scansorial aanee atibhakshi mansahari pranyanchi qamee vividhata darshavite. visheshtah, haah ekmev parisar aahe jyamadhye 'lartetictis' aanee 'perlutra' heey ekatra astitvat asalyache dnyat aahe, asey suchavale jaat asale taree nantarchya vanshane haloohaloo pahilya vanshala badalale. itar sambhavya spardhkanmadhye 'viverictis'-'circumstella' aanee 'semigenetta sansaniansis'-'martes sansaniansis' yancha samavesh aahe. parasparsambandhit paryavaraniy bhoomika asalelya mothya prajatinmadhye metalurine aanee barborophelid yancha samavesh hoto. nantarchya bhagat adhik vyutpann saberothoth vaishishtye disatat, jeey soochit karatat qee teey bahudha felidpeksha mothya pranyancha shikar karat hote, jeey bahudha zadanchya madhyam aakarachya shikaravar hallah karatat. yaa serve spardhatmak varganche sahastitva mahattvapoorn sansadhananchya astitvadvare spasht kele jaau shakate.