khwarazamian samrajya

khwarazamian kinwa khwarezmian samrajya () heey sanskratikdrushtya pertian, turkey "mamluk" moolche sunni muslim samrajya hote, jyanni sadhyachya madhya ashiya, afghanistan aanee iranchya mothya bhagavar andaje 1077 teey 1231 chya kalavadhit rajya kele, pratham seljuk samrajya aanee kaara khitai (paschim liavo rajvansh) chey samant mhanoon aanee sumare 1190 pasoon swatantra shasak mhanoon, 1219-1221 madheel mangol vijayaparyant.
khwarazmian samrajya akheris "pertian bhoomitil sarvat shaktishali aanee aakramak vistarvadi samrajya" banale, seljuk samrajya aanee ghuri samrajyala parabhoot kele, agadi abbasid khalifala dekhil dhoka nirman jhaala. fox shatkachya suruvatila heey samrajya muslim jagatil sarvat mothee shakti banale asey manale jaate. assa andaj aahe qee heey samrajya 23 laakh chauras kilometer teey 36 laakh chauras kilometer kshetra vyapale asoon, tyamule teey itihasatil sarvat mothya bhusamrajyanpaiki eka banale aahe. purvichya seljuk samrajyachya namunyat tayar jhalelya samrajyacha bachav mothya pramanat kipchak turkanchya ghodadalane keela hota.
madhya aashiyavar mangolanchya aakramanapurvi khwarezmian samrajya heey shevatche turkey-pertian samrajya hote. 1219 madhye, tyanchya shasak changej khanchya netrutvakhalil mangolanni khwarazmian samrajyavar aakraman kele aanee keval done varshant sampoorn samrajya yashasviritya jinkale. mangolanni samrajyatil vidyaman kamkuvatpana aanee sangharshancha fayda uthavala, sarvat shrimant shaharanna vedha ghatala aanee lutale, tarr manvi itihasatil sarvat raktaranjit yuddhanpaiki eka yuddhat aaplya nagarikanna talwar maranyat aale.
khwarazamshahanchya rajyachya sthapanechya tarkhevar ajunahi vaad aahe. samrajyavar rajya pratinidhitva rajvanshachi sthapana, suruvatila gharchistanchya rajyakartyancha turkey gulam, nantar seljukanchya sevet asalela mamluk, dhanush tigginne (jyala gharachai asehi mhanatat) kelee hotee. tathapi, aala adha-deane atsiz (r.1127-1156) haah ayush tigincha vanshaj hota, jyane tyachya tyachya khwarazamche swatantrya midavale.
itihas.
prarambhik itihas.
khwarazmashah hii padvi ii. sha. 305 madhye afrid rajvanshachya sansthapkane suru kelee aanee 995 paryant astitvat hotee. thodya kalavadhinantar hii padvi punha bahal karnyat aalee. 1017 madhye khwarazammadhil uthavadarmyan bandkhoranni tatkalin khwarazamian shasak abul-abbas mamoon aanee tyachi patni khurra-jee, gaznaweed sultan mahmoodchi baheen hyanna thaar marle. pratyuttarat, bund dadapanyasathi mahmudne yaa pradeshavar aakraman kele. nantar tyane eka naveen shasak sthapan keela aanee khwarazamcha eka bhag tabyat ghetala. parinami, khwarazam haah gaznavi samrajyacha eka prant banala aanee 1034 paryant asach rahila. 
1077 madhye, purvi seljukanche 1042 teey 1043 paryantche pradeshache niyantran, seljukancha turkey mamluk senapati anushtegin gharchai yachya haatee gele. 1097 madhye, turkey moolchya khwarazam governor ekinchi ibn kocharne seljukanpasun swatantrya ghoshit kele aanee swatahla khwarazamcha shaah ghoshit kele. matra, alp kalavadhinantar, bandkhorimadhye uthalelya anek seljuk ameeranni tyala thaar marle. tyanantar tyachya jaagi anush tiggin gharachaicha mulga qutub all-deane muhammad yala seljukanni ghetale, jyanni haah pradesh punha jinkla hota. asha prakare, qutub all-deane haah pahila aanuvanshik khwarazamshah banala.
vaadh.
anushtegin gharachai.
anushtegin gharachai haah seljukancha turkey mamluk senapati aanee andaje 1077 teey 1097 paryant khwarazamcha rajyapal hota. khwarazamwar rajya karnara too tyachya kutumbatil pahila sadasya hota aanee aanee aanee fox shatkachya suruvatila yaa prantavar rajya pratinidhitva rajvanshacha namesec hota.
1073 madhye seljuk sultan mallick-shaah pahila yane gazanweedsne tabyat ghetalelya uttarekadil mothya khorasanmadhil pradesh punha midvanyasathi anushteginala tyacha guru gumushtegin bilge-begs nemale. tyanantar tyala sultancha 'tastdar' (pertianh 'shahee jahajancha rakshak') karnyat aala aanee khwarazammadhun milanara mahasool yaa padasathi kharch karnyasathi vaparla jaat asalyane tyala prantacha rajyapal karnyat aala. rajyapal mhanoon tyanchya karyakalabaddal tapasheel aspasht aahet, parantu 1097 paryant tyanche nidhan jhaale aanee tyancha mulga qutub all-deane muhammad yachyakade badali honyapurvi heey padd ekinchi biin kochar yala kahee kalasathi denyat aale.
alah adha-deane atsiz.
1127 madhye tyache vadil qutub all-deane yanchya mrutyunantar, atsiz yanna tyanche sthan midale. tyanchya karkirdichya suruvatichya kalat, tyanni bhatkya hallyanpasoon khwarazam surakshit karnyavar laksh kendrit kele. 1138 madhye tyane tyacha shasak, seljuk sultan ahmed sanjar yachya virodhat bund kele, parantu tyacha hajaraspmadhye parabhav jhaala aanee tyala paloon jaanyas bhag padale gele. sanjarne tyacha putanya suleiman shahla khwarazamcha shasak mhanoon niyukt kele aanee too marvala paratala. matra, atsiz paratala aanee suleiman shaah prant tikavoon thevu shakala nahee. tyanantar atsizne bukhara varr hallah keela, parantu 1141 paryant tyane punha sanjarla sharanagati patkarali, jyane tyala maaf kele aanee aupcharikpane khwarazamche niyantran tyala parat kele. jyaa varshi sanjarne atsizla maaf kele, tyach varshi yelu dashichya netrutvakhalil kaara khitaine samarkandjavalachya katvanchya ladhait (1141) seljukancha parabhav keela. merve aanee nishapur tabyat gheuun, khorasanavar aakraman karnyasathi, atsizne parabhavacha fayda ghetala. tathapi, yelu dashine khwarazam lutanyasathi eka sainya pathavale, jyamule atsizla varshik khandani denyas bhag padale. 1142 madhye, sanjarne atsizla khorasanmadhun hakaloon dile, jyane pudhchya varshi khwarazamwar aakraman kele aanee atsizla parat jagirdarat nenyas bhag padale, jaree tyane tyachya mrutyuparyant qaraa khitaila khandani dene suru thewale. 1147 madhye jevha atsiz punha bandkhor jhaala tevha sanjarne atasizaviruddha aanakhi eka moheem haatee ghetali. 
atsiz haah eka lavchik rajkarani aanee shasak hota aanee shaktishali seljuk sultan sanjar aanee titkach shaktishali kaara khitai shasak yelu dashi yanchyat davpech karnyas saksham hota. tyane aaplya purvajanni suru kelele jameen gola karnyache dhoran chaloo thewale, aanee jandache aanee mangishlakche khwarazammadhye vilinikaran kele. anek bhatkya jamati khwarazamshahwar avalambun hotya. tyachya aayushyachya akheris, atsizne madhya ashiyachya sampoorn vayavya bhagala adheen kele aanee kharey tarr, tyachya tyachya tyache swatantrya prapt kele.
pradeshik vistar.
ill-arslan aanee tekish.
ill-arslan haah 1156 teey 1172 paryant khwarazamcha shaah hota. too atsizcha mulga hota. suruvatila, ill-arsalanla tyachya vadilanni alikadech punha jinkalelya siir daryavaril chauki jandcha rajyapal karnyat aala. 1156 madhye, atsiz maran pavala aanee ill-arslan khwarazamshah mhanoon tyachya jaagi aala. tyachya vadilanpramanech tyane seljuk sultan sanjar aanee kaara khitai gurkhan yaa doghannahi khandani denyache tharavale.
ill-arsalanchya aarohananantar kahee mahinyannich sanjarcha mrutyu jhaala, jyamule seljuk khurasan gondhalat padala. yamule ill-arsalanla seljukche varchasva prabhavipane todata aale, jaree tyache sanjarcha uttaradhikari masoodashi maitripurna sambandh rahile. tyachya vadilanpramanech ill-arsalanane khurasanmadhye aapala prabhav vadhavanyacha prayatna keela.
1158 madhye, ill-arslan samarkandachya karakhanid yaa aanakhi eka kaara khitai jagirdar rajyachya karbharat sameel jhaala. karakhanid chaghari khaan tyachya rajyatil karalukancha chhal karat hota aanee anek karluk nete khwarazamla paloon gele aanee tyanni ill-arsalanchi madat magitali. tyane karakhani rajyanvar aakraman karoon, bukhara tabyat gheuun aanee chaghari khanane jithe aashray ghetala hota tyaa samarkandala vedha ghaloon pratyuttar dile. nantarchya lokanni siir daria aanee kaara khitai yaa donhi turkanna aavahan kele aanee gurkhanane eka sainya pathavale, parantu tyacha senapati khwarazmian lokanshi sangharsh karnyas sankoch karat hota. 
1172 madhye, kaara khitaine ill-arsalanviruddha dandatmak moheem suru kelee, jyane aavashyak varshik khandani dilee navhati. khwarazamian sainyacha parabhav jhaala aanee tyanantar kahee velatach ill-arslan maran pavala. tyachya mrutyunantar rajya kahee kalasathi ashantatet budale, kaaran tyache putra tekish aanee sultan shaah yanchyat uttaradhikaravarun vaad hota. tekish vijayi jhaale aanee tyanantar 1172 teey 1200 paryant samrajyavar rajya kele. 
tekish tyache vadil ill-arslan yanchya vistarvadi dhorananshi thaam rahila. kaara khitaichya madatine aapale simhasana midvat asatanahi, tyane nantar tyanche varchasva ulthavoon takale aanee tyanantarchya kaara khitaichya khwarazamvaril aakramanala mage takale. turkine aral samudrachya aaspaschya oghuz turkmens aanee turkey kipchak jamatinshi jawalche sambandh thewale aanee kahee vela iranvar vijay midvinyasathi tyanchi bharati kelee. yapaiki mothya sankhyene turkmen ajunahi murtipujak hote aanee teey iranmadhye tyanchya barbaratesathi aanee tivra kroortesathi olakhale jaat hote.
1194 madhye, tekishane khalifa all-nasirchya yutimadhye hamadancha seljuk sultan, tisra togrul yacha parabhav keela aanee tyache pradesh jinkale. yuddhanantar, tyane khalifabarobar todga kadhala aanee 1198 madhye khalifane tyala iran, khorasana aanee turkstancha sultan mhanoon sweekarle jaiparyant too tyachyashi yuddhachya umbarathyavar hota. 1200 madhye peritonsillar foda jhalyane tekishcha mrutyu jhaala. aanee tyacha mulga alah-deane muhammad tyachya jaagi aala. tyachya mrutyumule utsfurt bund jhaale aanee iranmadhye tainat asalelya dveshyukt khwarazamian turkey sainikanchi vyapak kattal jhaali.
alah all-deane muhammad.
tyache vadil tekish yanchya nidhananantar, muhammad tyanche uttaradhikari jhaale. muhammad yanni khwarazmian samrajyachya jastit jaast vistarache netrutva kele, 1213 madhye paschim kaara-khanid khanate vizavale aanee 1215 madhye ghazanichi rajdhani tabyat gheuun ghuri samrajyacha paschim bhag jinkla. 1213 pasoon uzgand aanee samarkand yaa kaara-khaneed rajdhanyanmadhye muhammadachi nanee tayar karnyat aalee.
1218 madhye, mangolanchya eka chhotya tukadine paloon gelelya shatru senapaticha pathlag karnyasathi seema olandalya. tyala yashasviritya parat midvalyanantar changej khanane shahshi sampark sadhala. changej vyapari sambandh ughadanyacha vichar karat hote, parantu mangolanchya atishayoktipurna batamya aikalyanantar, shahanna vatale qee haah havbhav keval khwarazamwar aakraman karnyacha daav hota. 
changej yanni vyapar margachya aashevar bharr denyasathi khwarazam yethe doot pathavale. muhammad dusra yane, tyachya eka rajyapalavar (inalchuk, tyache kaka) pakshavar hergiri, tyancha samruddha maal japt karane aanee pakshala atak kelyacha ughad aarop keela. 
mutsaddegiri rakhanyacha prayatna karat, changejane teen purushancha doot shahkade pathavala, jenekarun tyala rajyapalanchya krutinchi serve mahitee nakaranyachi aanee tyala shikshesathi mangolanchya tabyat denyachi sandhee milel. shahane dutala fashi dilee (punha, kahee srot dawa karatat qee eka vyaktila fashi denyat aalee, kahinni dawa keela qee tighehi hote) aanee nantar lagechach mangol vyapari pakshala (muslim aanee mangol sarkhe) thaar marle aanee tyancha maal japt keela. yaa ghatananmule changej yanni 100,000 teey 150,000 sainikanchya sainyane pratyuttar dile, jyanni 1219 madhye juzzart olandale aanee samarkand, bukhara, otarar aanee itar shahare lutali. tyanantar lagechach muhammadachi rajdhani gurganj aalee. khwarazamcha shaah muhammad dusra paloon gela aanee kahee aathvadyannantar caspian samudratil eka betavar tyacha mrutyu jhaala.
turkan khatoon.
mangol aakramanachya purvasandhyela khwarazamian samrajyat eka dwairashahi vikasit jhaali. khwarazamshah muhammad dusra haah paripoorn shasak manla jaat asey, parantu tyachi aaee turkan khatoon (terken khatoon) hichahi prabhav khoop motha hota. turkan khatunkade 'jagacha shasak' (khudawand-aii jahaan) assa lakabahi hota aanee dusra tichya aadeshansathih 'shantata aanee shraddhecha rakshak, turkan daad gret, donhi jagatil mahilancha shasak."turkestan khatooncha eka vegala diwan, vegala rajwada hota aanee sulatanchya aadnyanna tichya swaksharishivay prabhavi manale jaat navhate. yaa vastusthitisaha, muhammad dusra yachyashi tichya sangharshanmule mangolanchya hallyachya parshvabhumivar khwarazamian samrajyachya napunsaktes hatbhar lagla asava. 
1221 madhye, teela change khanchya sainyane pakadale aanee mangoliyamadhye garibeet ticha mrutyu jhaala.
jalal adha-deane mingburnoo.
1220 teey 1231 paryant khwarazamian samrajyachya avasheshanvar aanee vayavya bharatavar rajya pratinidhitva khwarazamshahanpaiki jalal all-deane haah shevatcha hota. too kathitpane alah adha-deane muhammad dusra yacha jyeshth mulga hota, tarr tyachi aaee aay chichek navachi turkman upapatni hotee. jalal all-deenchya aaicha darja khalavalyamule, tyachi shaktishali aajee aanee kipchak rajkumari terken khatoon hiney sinhasanacha varas mhanoon tyala pathimba denyas nakar deela aanee tyaeivaji tyacha savatra bhau uzlag-shaah yala pasanti dilee, jyachi aaee dekhil kipchak hotee. 1215 madhye jevha muhammad dusra yane aapale samrajya aaplya mulanmadhye vibhagale aanee nairutya bhag (purvichya ghurid samrajyacha bhag) jalal all-deenla deela, tevha aitihasik nondinmadhye pratham jalal all-deane aadhalato.
tyane bharatat paloon jaanyacha prayatna keela, parantu too tithe pohochanyapurvich mangolanni tyala pakadale aanee sindhuchya ladhait tyacha parabhav jhaala. too paloon gela aanee tyane dillichya saltanatit aashray ghetala. matra, abbasid khalifa yanchyashi asalelya natyacha aadar mhanoon iltumishne tyala heey nakarle. pertiala paratalyanantar tyane sainya gola kele aanee eka rajya punha sthapan kele. matra, mangol, ramche seljuk aanee swatachya sinhasanashi jhunj jhunj dhong dhong ladhanyat urvarit divas ghalvat tyane kadhihi aapali satta balkat kelee nahee. alborz parvatanmadhye mangolanviruddhachya ladhait tyane parshiyavaril aapali satta gamavali. koksaskade paloon jaatana tyane 1225 madhye azarbaijan tabyat ghetale aanee tabriz yethe tyachi rajdhani sthapan kelee. 1226 madhye tyane georgiaver hallah keela aanee tbilisila barkhast kele. armeniyan dongral pradeshatoon pudhe jaat asatana, tyane ayubi lokanshi sangharsh keela aanee lake vanchya paschim paschim shahar ahlat tabyat ghetale, jyane rumchya seljuk saltanatichi madat magitali. sultan kayakbad pahila yane 1230 madhye yasimenchya ladhait tyala varchya euphratesvaril arzinjan yethe parabhoot kele. too diyarbakirla paloon gela, tarr tyanantarchya gondhalat mangolanni azarbaijanvar vijay midavala. 1231 madhye kurd mahamargvalyanni tyachi hatya kelee.
rajya upkaran.
kharjamshahanchya kendriya rajya yantraneche (all-majlis all-allie all-fahari att-taji) pramukh heey vazir hote, jeey rajyachya pramukhanche pahile sallagar hote. too diwan diwan (asabh adha-davvin) pramukh hota, jyanni tyanchi niyukti kelee aanee pagar, nivruttivetan (karjak), curr prashasana aanee khajinyavar niyantran thewale. khwarazamian samrajyacha sarvat pramukh vazir all-haravi hota, jyane marvmadhye shafee lokansathi eka masheed, eka vishal madarsa, eka masheed aanee gurganjmadhye hastalikhitancha bhandar bandhala. sheeya ismayali lokanchya hatoon tyacha mrutyu jhaala. 
khwarazamshahanchya rajya yantranetil eka mahattvache sthan jyeshth kinwa mahan "hajib" hyalahi hote, jeey bahutek vela turkey kulinanche pratinidhi hote. shaah aanee tyachya kutumbashi sambandhit muddyanvar hajibne khwarazamshahla ahwal deela. khwarazamshahmadhye anek hajib asoo shakatat, jeey sulatanachya 'vaiyaktik' soochananchi amalbajavani karatat.
rajdhani shahare.
suruvatila, khwarazamian samrajyache mukhya shahar urganch kinwa gurganj hote. 1219 madhye gurganjla bhet denare madhyapurveche eka pramukh charitrakar aanee bhoogolvetta yakut all-hamavi yanni lihile, "mea gurganjpeksha mothe, samruddha aanee sunder shahar pahile nahee."all-kazvini, eka pertian vaidya, khagolshastradnya, bhoogolshastradnya aanee arab vanshacha lekhak mhanatoh 
"gurganj heey eka atishay sunder shahar aahe, jeey varchya gharatil vadhupramane swargatil shaharache pratinidhitva pratinidhitva devdutanchya lakshane vedhalele aahe. rajdhaniche rahivasi kushal karagir hote, visheshtah lohar, sutar aanee itar. koreev kaam karnare tyanchya hastidant aanee aabukapasoon banavalelya utpadanansathi prasiddha hote. shaharat naisargik resheem utpadanasathi karyashala chalavalya jaat hotya."
samarkand, gazna aanee tabriz hii shahare nantarchya khwarazamian samrajyachi rajdhani mhanoonahi kaam karat hotee.
loksankhya.
quazmian samrajyachya loksankhyemadhye pramukhyane baithi irani aanee ardh-bhatkya turkey lokancha samavesh hota.
samrajyachi shahari loksankhya mothya sankhyene lahan shaharanchya tulanet tulanene qamee sankhyene (madhyayugeen mankannusar) khoop mothya shaharanmadhye kendrit hotee. 1220 madhye mangolanchya aakramanachya purvasandhyela samrajyachi loksankhya andaje 50 laakh itaki aahe, jyamule teey vyapalelya mothya kshetrasathi tee viral aahe. aitihasik loksankhyashastradnya tertius chandler aanee gerald fox fox shatkachya suruvatila samrajyachya pramukh shaharanchya loksankhyecha khaleel andaj detat, jyat kiman 5,20,000 aanee jastit jaast 850,000 lokanchi bharr padateh
sanskruti.
jaree khwarazamshahanche mool turkey hote, tyanchya seljuk purvavartinpramanech tyanni pertian sanskruti sweekarli, islamchya sunni shakheche palan kele aanee tyanchi sarvat shrimant aanee sarvadhik loksankhya asaleli shahare khorasanmadhye hotee. asha prakare, khwarazamshah yugache duheri swaroop hote, jeey tyache turkey mool aanee pertian uchch sanskruti yaa donhiche pratibimb hote.
bhasha.
khwarazamshah kalat, madhya ashiyai samaj nuktech ekach zendyakhali vibhagala gela hota, eksandh jhaala hota. khwarazamian sainyat bahutek turkey hote, tarr nagri aanee prashasakeey ghatak jawaljawal keval pertian hote. khwarazamchya turkey loksankhyechi bolali jaanari bhasha kipchak turkey aanee oghuz hotee, jee nantarchi tyaa bhagatil purvichya swami, seljuk turkmanancha varsa hotee.
tathapi, tyaa kalatil pramukh bhasha aanee mahattvachya khwarazamian shaharanmadhye bahusankhya lock bolanari bhasha pertian hotee. baithi divananchi bhasha dekhil pertian hotee aanee tyachya sadasyanna tyanchya vanshik utpattichi parva naan karata pertian sanskratichi changli jaann asane aavashyak hote. pertian hii khwarazamshahanchi adhikrut rajya bhasha bunley aanee prashasana, itihas, kalpanaramya aanee kavita yanchi bhasha mhanoon kaam kelee. turkey bhasha hii anushteginid kutumbachi matrubhasha aanee "gharguti bhasha" hotee, tarr arabi bhasha pramukhyane vidnyan, tattvadnyan aanee dharamshastrachi bhasha mhanoon kaam karat hotee.
khwarazamian kalatil matichi bhandi.
1219 madhye persiaver mangolanchya aakramanaparyantchya dashakanmadhye, jevha suruvatila seljuk samrajyachya adhipatyakhali aanee 1190 pasoon swatantrapane khwarazamian samrajyane yaa bhagavar rajya kele, tevha bareek sajavalelya minai matichya bhandyanche utpadan pramukhyane kashanmadhye kele jaat hote. seljuk varchasva sampalyanantar (seljuk samrajya swatach 1194 madhye sampale), dagadat gundallelya patranchya kahee "sarvat pratishthit" nirmitiche shrey khwarazamian shasakanna dile jaau shakate. sarvasadharanpane, asey manale jaate qee minai ware 12 vya shatkachya uttaradhat aanee 13 vya shatkachya suruvatipasun tayar kele gele hote aanee dinankit minai ware 1186 teey 1224 paryant aahet. vyapak chamakdar ware dekhil yach kalatil aahet.
lashkari.
mangol aakramanapurvi khwarazamian sainyat sumare 40,000 ghodadal hote, jeey bahutek turkey moolche hote, assa andaj aahe. khwarazamchya pramukh shaharanmadhye sainyadal astitvat hote parantu teey nikrusht darjache hote. sumare 7,00,000 chya samoohik loksankhyesah, pramukh shaharanmadhye bahudha ekoon (loksankhyechya 15-20%) ladhanyachya vayache 1,05,000 teey 1,40,000 nirogi purush hote, parantu yapaiki keval eka ansh prashikshan aanee upkarananchya konatyahi ullekhaneey mojmapasah aupcharik sainyacha bhag asel.
bhadotri sainik.
khwarazamian samrajyachya mangol aakramananantar, anek khwarazamian uttar irakmadhye bhadotri sainik mhanoon swatahla niyukt karoon jagale. sultan jalal adha-deenche anuyayi 1231 madhye tyachya mrutyunantarhi tyachyashi eknishth rahile aanee tyanni pudhil anek varshe jazira aanee syriachya seljuk bhoomivar chhapa takala aanee swatahla "khwarazamiya" mhatale. egyptmadhil ayubid sultan aus-salih ayubne nantar tyanna tyache kaka aus-salih ismel yanchyavirodhat kamavar thewale. irakpasoon egyptchya dishene dakshinekade dakshinekade 'khwarazamiya' neey 11 julai 1244 roji (jerusalemla vedha (1244)) vatet crusaderchya tabyat asalelya jerusalemvar aakraman kele. 23 august roji devidcha buruj, yaa shaharachya killyane aatmasamarpan kele aanee shaharatil khrishchan loksankhyela hakaloon denyat aale. yamule europemadhun satvya dharmayuddhasathi aavahan suru jhaale, parantu dharmayuddhavir jerusalem punha midvanyat punha kadhihi yashasvi honar naheet. khwarazamian sainyane jinkalyanantar, 1917 paryant heey shahar muslim niyantranakhali rahile, jevha britishanni teey ottomankadun ghetale.
jerusalem tabyat ghetalyanantar, khwarazamian sainya dakshinekade chaloo rahile aanee 17 aktoobar 1244 roji laa forbichya ladhait ayubidsachya bajoone ladhale, kaaran crusader gazachya ishanyekadil harabia yaa gawala haak marat asat, tethe crusader sainyache avashesh nasht karat asat, jyat sumare 1,200 shoor marle jaat asat. 1187 madhye hattinchya shinganchya yuddhanantarchi hii sarvat mothee ladhai hotee, jyat dharmayuddhakartyancha samavesh hota.

