
sulabhata (vahtook)

vahtook niyojanat, sulabhata mhanje gantvyasthananparyant pohochane (aanee tyanchyashi sanvad sadhane) kinwa antaralat vitarit kriyakalap, udaa.jee. ekhadya shahar kinwa deshachya aaspas. praveshyogyata samanyatah mool jageshi (kinwa thikananshi) sambandhit asate. uchch praveshakshamta" asalele thikan mhanje jyaa thikanahun anek gantvyasthananvar pohochata yete kinwa gantvyasthananvar sapeksh sahajatene pohochata yete. "qamee praveshyogyata" mhanje dilelya velesathi/prayatnansathi/kharchasathi tulanene qamee gantvyasthananvar pohochata yete kinwa tyaa thikanahun gantvyasthananvar pohochane adhik katheen kinwa mahag aahe.
sankalpana dusya dishene dekhil paribhashit kelee jaau shakate aanee aapan aajubajuchya kahee thikananchya sanchatoon 'praveshyogyata' asalelya jagebaddal bolu shakato. udaharanarth, grahakansathi dukanachi upalabdhata tasech sambhavya grahakachi kahee dukananmadhye upalabdhata mojata yete.
velechya bhoogolat, praveshyogyata hii 'sthan aadharit' aivaji 'vyakti aadharit' mhanoon dekhil paribhashit kelee gelee aahe, jithe ekhadi vyakti antaralatun jaat asatana tyachya divasabharat kahee prakarchya sukhsuvidha midvanyacha vichar karel. udaharanarth, ekhadi vyakti annachya valvantat rahoo shakate parantu tyanchya kamachya thikanahun kirana dukanat sahaj pohochu shakate.
vahatukichya vividh sadhanansathi praveshyogyata anekada swatantrapane mojali jaate.
ganiteey vyakhya.
sarvasadharanpane, praveshyogyata sootra _ 1 ashee paribhashit kelee jaateh
sootra _ 2
kutheh
kharchache mapan.
pravas kharch metricks (vareel samikaranatil sootra _ 6) vividh rupe gheu shakatat jase keeh
yaa kinwa itar metriksachya konatyahi sanyojanacha vapar karoon kharch metricks dekhil paribhashit kele jaau shakatat. chalane kinwa cycle chalvane yasarkhya motar nasalelya vahatukichya paddhatisathi, samanyikrut pravas kharchat suraksha kinwa pravanata yasarkhya atirikt ghatakancha samavesh asoo shakato. konatyahi mool sutrapasoon konatyahi gantavya sutraparyant pravas karnyachya sulbhateche varnan karnare karya paribhashit karane hii aavashyak kalpana aahe.
vyavharat vaparlya jaananya asha kharch metriksacha eka motha sangrah 2012 madhye, kharch krutee tu1002 chya chaukatikhali vikasit karnyat aala hota aanee too online upalabdh aahe.
pratibadha karye.
pravas kharch sutravaril karya _ 9 heey tyaa gantvyasthanaparyant pohochanyashi sambandhit pravas kharchavar aadharit gantvyasthan kitee sulabh aahe heey nirdharit karate. done samanya pratibadha karye mhanje "sanchayi sandhee" aanee nakaratmak ghatankiy karya. sanchayi sandhee heey dwaiti karya aahe jeey kahee maryadet sandhee gathata aalee tarr 1 aanee anyatha 0 dete. tyachi vyakhya ashee aaheh
sootra _ 14
jethe sootra _ 15 haah threshold parameter aahe.
nakaratmak ghatankiy pratibadha karya ashee paribhashit kelee jaau shakateh
sootra _ 16
jethe sootra _ 17 heey antaranusar karya kitee lavkar kshay hote heey paribhashit karnare eka mapdand aahe.
jaminichya vaparashi sambandhit.
sulabhata hii byanch kalapasoon jaminichya vaparashi sambandhit aahe; dilelya thikani sulabhata vadhat asatana, jaminichya vikasachi upayuktata vadhate. hii sanghatana anekada ekatmik vahtook aanee bhoo-vaparachya andaj namunyanmadhye vaparali jaate. tyach velee, vahtuk payabhoot suvidhanmadhye badal karoonach navhe tarr badalalelya sthanik rachana/gantvyasthananchya vitaranacha parinam mhanoonahi ekhadya jaagechi sulabhata badalali jaau shakate.
vyavharat.
vahtook sanstha.
londonsathichi vahtook sarvajanik vahtook sulabhata patali (pii. tii. ell.) mhanoon olakhala jaanara eka ganana kelela drushtikon vaparte, joou sarvajanik vahtook sevansathi ekhadya jaagechi sulabhata mojanyasathi konatyahi thikanahun jawalchya sarvajanik vahtook thambyanparyantche antar aanee tyaa thambyavaril seva varanvarta vaparato. gantavya-aadharit sulabhata upay haah eka paryayi drushtikon aahe joou ganana karnyasathi adhik atyadhunik asoo shakato. yaa upayayojananmadhye keval sarvajanik vahtook sevancha (kinwa pravasacha itar konatahi prakar) praveshach nahee tarr tyatoon nirman honanya sandhincha parinami pravesh vicharat ghetala jaato. udaharanarth, mool-aadharit praveshakshamta (pii. tii. ell.) vaparoon aapan samajoon gheu shakato qee ekhadyala kitee basgadya upalabdh houu shakatat. gantavya-aadharit upayancha vapar karoon aapan kitee shaala, rugnalaye, nokya, upahargruhe (ii.) yancha hishob karoo shakato..) pravesh karata yeto.
shahari niyojanat.
sulabhata-aadharit niyojan hii eka avkashiy niyojan paddhat aahe jee lock aanee vyavasayanchi uddishte kendrikrut karate aanee lock aanee vyavasayachya sandhee vadhavane mhanoon sulabhata dhoran paribhashit karate.
paramparikpane, shahari vahtook niyojanane pramukhyane vahtook vyavasthechya karyakshamtevar laksh kendrit kele aahe aanee anekada sthanik niyojakanni kelelya yojananna pratisad deela aahe. asha drushtikonatun vyapak aanee anekada parasparvirodhi aarthik, samajik aanee paryavaraniy uddishtanvar vahtook vyavasthetil hastakshepanchya prabhavakade durlaksh kele jaate. chalane, cycle chalvane, vahan chalvane kinwa sarvajanik vahtook yasarkhya vahatukichya eka kinwa adhik sadhanancha vichar karoon, vishisht pravasachya velet lokanna kitee seva aanee nokya miloo shakatat heey sulabhata aadharit niyojan mhanje sulabhata paribhashit karate.
hii vyakhya vaparane sulabhata keval vahtook vyavasthechya gunanshi sambandhit nahee (udaa.jee. pravasacha veg, vel kinwa kharch), parantu jameen vapar pranalichya gunansathi (udaa.jee. ghanata aanee sandhinche mishran). asha prakare heey niyojakanna vahtook aanee jameen vapar vikas yanchyatil parasparavalamban samajoon ghenyachi shakyata pradan karate. sulabhata niyojanamule vividh ghatakancha samavesh asalelya vahtook niyojanasathi adhik pramanatmak drushtikonachi payabharani hote. rajkarani, nagrik aanee sansthansathi shikshan, seva aanee bajarpethanmadhye pravesh karnyachya gunavattevar charcha karane, vahtook vyavasthechya akaryakshamatevar charcha karnyapeksha sope asoo shakate. sulbhatechi vyakhya 'parasparsanvadachi kshamata' ashee dekhil kelee jaate.
shahari niyojanachya vividh ghatakanche ektrikaran karnyasathi, jase qee jaminicha vapar aanee vahtook aanee sanshodhan sahityat upalabdh asalelya mothya sankhyene sulabhata sadhananchya ektrikaranat sulbhatechi uchch kshamata asoonahi, nantarche adyap shahari niyojan paddhatinna pathimba denyasathi mothya pramanat vaparale jaat naheet. sulabhata bhasha sarav patalipasoon door thevun, junya pratimananmadhye adhik mahitipurn aanee lock-kendrit drushtikonancha pratikar keela jaato. sulabhata sadhananche astitva byanpaiki manya kele gele aahe, parantu vyavsayikanna teey shashvat shahari vyavasthapanachya karyanna sambodhit karnyasathi purese upayukt kinwa vaparnyayogya vatale nahee.