
jessy white mario

jessy white mario (9 meey 1832, hampshire, ingland-5 march 1906, florence, itali) heey eka ingraji (aanee naisargik italian) lekhak aanee paropkari hote. italian vruttapatranmadhye teela kadhikadhi 'hariken jessy' mhanoon sambodhale jaate.
chaar yuddhanmadhye tee general giuseppe garibaldichya sainikanchi paricharika hotee; tine bhoomigat nepalsmadhil rahniman aanee sisilichya gandhak khaninmadhil kamkajachya paristhitivar sanshodhan kele. patrakar aanee charitrakar mhanoon tine bharpur (ingraji aanee italianmadhye) lekhan kele.
tiche sarvat prasiddha charitra giuseppe garibaldibaddal hote.
charitra.
tarunai aanee shikshan.
james genes mariton white mhanoon janmaleli tee englandmadhil hampshire yetheel gosport yetheel thomas white aanee gens tij mariton yanchi mulgi hotee. thomas haah pandhya kutumbatil, anek pidhyanpasun naukeche nirmate, bett bandhanare, govanshiyancha eka bhag hota, parantu too mukhya bhoomivar gela aanee nauke bandhanyapasun bandar aanee godame bandhanyakade valala. too dharmikdrushtya kathor, gair-anuroop, gharanyacha hota.
heey shaikshanikdrushtya gair-susangat kutumb dekhil hote. victorian englandmadhye vadhana jawaljawal serve madhyamvargiy mulinpeksha vegale, jesine 1852 teey 1854 darmyan parismadhil sorbone yethe robbert dii lamenice yanna alingan deuun tattvadnyanacha abhyas karoon utkrusht shikshan prapt kele.
tyaa kalat shrimati parismadhyehi hotya. emma roberts, jyanni swatahla giuseppe garibaldishi nigadit manale. jessy aanee shrimati. roberts mitra banale aanee jevha shrimati. roberts pratham naijmadhye aanee nantar sardiniyamadhye garibaldila bhetayala gele, tine jesila ticha sathidar mhanoon ghetale.
italian ekikaran.
brittenmadhil anekanpramanech jesinehi kahee kaal austriyan, french aanee borban hukumshahanchya italichya dweepkalpachya vividh bhagantil atyacharambaddal aikale hote. garibaldine tichi kalpanashakti vadhavali aanee tine swatahla italichya ekikaranasathi samarpit kele.
1855 chya vasant rutumadhye londonla paratalyanantar, jesine doctor honyachya aashene vaidyakeey shalanmadhye arj keela-kahinni (edwin pratney 'victoriyachya karkirditil agraganya mahila' madhye, ekasathi) asey mhatale aahe qee tee englandmadhil pahili mahila hotee. tiche serve arj tichya lingamule nakarnyat aale.
tee italian hetusathi prachar karnari bunley, juiceppe mazinisobat kaam karat, nantar londonmadhye haddapar jhaali, jyane "tee tichya matanmadhye khoop paripoorn aahe" asey manya kele. tine italitil samasyanche spashtikaran denare vruttapatratil lekh lihile, vyakhyane dilee aanee uttar ingland aanee scotlandmadhil italian karanasathi nidhi gola keela.
1857 madhye jevha mazini genoala gela, tevha jessy tyachya mage gela. tichya bhashanachya dauyanchey vrutt prakashit karananya 'italia dell popolo' yaa vartmanpatrat tichya aagmanachi ghoshana karnyat aalee. teela eka prasiddha vyakti mhanoon vagavale gele, tyaa bhagacha daura keela aanee mazinipasoon yashasviritya laksh vichalit kele, joou nepalsajavalil borban turungatoon deshbhaktanna baher kadhanyasathi gupt mohimevar kaam karat hota. hii karvai white prakare ayashasvi jhaali, mazini polisanchya tavaditun sutala aanee londonla paratala. jesila pakadanyat aale aanee chaar mahinyansathi genoatil turungat pathvanyat aale, jithe tee ticha patee honar asalelya alberto mario yaa vyaktila bhetali. december 1857 madhye tyanni englandmadhil tyanchya kutumbachya gharee lagn kele.
jesine ingland aanee scotlandmadhil tichya bolanyachya dauya suruch thevalya, jyachi khoop prashansa jhaali. 1858chya akheris jessy aanee alberto vyakhyan denyasathi aanee nidhi ubharani suru thevanyasathi newyork shaharat gele; tee ingraji bolananya prekshakansamor aanee too italian bolnanyansamore.
1860 chya vasant rutumadhye teey lugano, switzerlandmadhye sapadale, jithun teey italichya borban-niyantrit dakshin ardhya bhagavar vijene-vegane vijay midvanyachya tyachya mohimemadhye garibaldila sameel honyasathi sisileela jaananya svayamsevakanchya dusya latecha bhag honyasathi genoala dhawale. alberto garibaldichya kathivar hota aanee jessy jakhaminchi paricharika hotee, jeey kahee aavashyak hote teey karat hotee. yamadhye mulala ghatt dharoon tyacha haat bhool naan deta kapane samavisht hote. yaa yuddhadarmyan shikaleli aanee parishkrut keleli kaushalye 1866 madhye venisachya paschimes austriyan lokanviruddhachya yuddhat punha vaparali gelee; 1867 madhye romchya uttares monterotondo aanee mentana yethe; aanee 1870-71 franco-russian yuddhat jevha garibaldine purv francemadhil german lokanviruddha sainyache netrutva kele.
1870 madhye italian dweepkalpache ekikaran purn jhalyanantar, romchi bharr padali jee lavkarach rajdhani bunley, tyamule yaa naveen deshachya samasyankade laksh vedhale gele. samajik samasya ajendyavar sarvoch patalivar navhatya; kharey tarr, bahutek samajik samasya navya sarkarne manyahi kelya navhatya.
samajik chinta.
1870 chya dashakachya suruvatipasun, visheshtah sarkari jagrukta vadhavinyachya aanee tyanantarchya kruteela protsahan denyachya uddeshane teen sanshodhan prakalpanvar kaam karat, jesine dakshin italichya shahari garibanmadhye paropkari karyat swatahla samarpit kele.
pelagrachya samasyechi karane, parinam aanee sambhavya upay yanche sanshodhan karane heey pahile hote. dermatities, atisar aanee smrutibhransh yaa teen dii paiki haah rog aaharatil prathinyukt padarthancha abhav aanee tyanantar jivansatva bii 3 chya kamataratemule hoto. jesinche pelagrabaddalache sanshodhan daha varshe chalale aanee tichya nishkarshanvarun asey disun aale qee darr aathvadyala done glass reed vaeensarkhe sope, sahaj upalabdh asalele aahar purak dekhil aajarache parinam qamee karatat.
dusare mhanje, nepalsmadhye rahana garibanchya rahnimanachya paristhitivar sanshodhan, jeey eka atishay samruddha shahar mhanoon sarkarne pahile hote. jessila mothya sankhyene lock, napplechya rastyankhali, mothya pramanat lock rahat asalyache aadhalale-swachchata nasalelya vishal samudayik jaaga, jithe keval kachche padade eka kutumbacha parisar itaranpasoon vegale karatat, vareel rastyanvaril navpali nagarikankadun serve adrushya aanee durlakshit kele jaatat, keval ativetan bhade gola karnare grauto jamindar vagalata. laa miseriya inn nepoli' ('daad garib auph naples') haah ticha ahwal 1877 madhye prakashit jhaala hota aanee dakshin italitil mahattvachya ghatananchya kalareshet tyacha ullekh aahe. (1997 saalee robbert lumale aanee jonathan mauris yanni sampadit kelela 'daad nyu histree auph daad italian south' pahaa)
tisra bhag hota cicilian gandhak khaninmadhil kamkajachya paristhitivaril sanshodhan. balmajuri aanee khaan kamgaranchya samanya aarogyabaddal chinta hotih jyapaiki barech jann lashkari sevesathi sharirikdrushtya ayogya hote. jesine jaminichya varr aanee khalee donhi bajunni khaninche vyapak vaiyaktik daure aanee tapas kele aanee 1894 madhye 'leey miniyar dii zolfo inn cicilia' ('daad sulfur mine inn cicilly') haah ticha ahwal prakashit keela.
lekhan.
jesine tiche lekhan jiwant kele. patrakar mhanoon jesichya karkirdichi suruvat englandmadhye british vruttapatransathi lekhan karnyas jhaali hotee (litta viscontee aares yanni 'daad berth auph modern itali' chya parichayat, jessy yaa englandmadhil pahilya mahila patrakar hotya asey mhanatat.) tine americetil vartamanpatre aanee italian vruttapatransathihi lekhan kele. 1866 pasoon newyorkmadhye saptahik prakashit honanya 'daad neshan' madhye 40 varshantil 143 lekhanpaiki pahile prakashit jhaale. florencemadhye prakashit honanya 'newa antologia' yaa ardh-masik niyatkalikat dekhil tee varanvar yogdan dett asey. (rosella certini [khalee pahaa] lihile aahe qee italian vastavatil 'truti' shodhanare jessy heey italitil pahile patrakar hote.)
lekhan haah itali aanee tethil lokambaddalchi tichi aavad vyakt karnyacha eka marg dekhil hota. resorgimentochya kahee qamee dnyat nayakanna visarale jaanar nahee yachee teela khatri karayachi hotee. tine nishchitpane giuseppe garibaldi aanee giuseppe mazini yanche charitra lihile; parantu dow. agostino bertani, carlo cataneo (alberto mariosah), giuseppe dolpho, alberto mario (giosue carduchis), geovanni nikotera. mrutyuchya velee tee aanakhi anekansathi sahitya gola karat hotee.
jesine done itihas dekhil lihileh franco-russian yuddhabaddal 'aay garibaldini inn francia' aanee maranottar prakashit jhalelya 'daad berth auph modern itali'.
5 march 1906 roji florence yethe tyanche nidhan jhaale. tichya nivassthani eka gair-dharmik samarambh aayojit karnyat aala hota, tyanantar florencechya rastyanvarun miravanuk kadhali gelee. tichya asthee venisachya dakshines, albertochya shejari, lendinara yetheel smashanbhumit daphan kelya aahet.
1906 salche sahityache nobel vijete giosue karduchi mhanaleh 'jessy white mario' hii eka mahan mahila aahe jiche aapan italian lock khoop runee aahot.'