
american qalaa matichi bhandi

american qalaa matichi bhandi (kadhikadhi capitalised) mhanje 1870-1950 chya kalatil matichya bhandi aanee dagadi bhandimadhil kalatmakdrushtya vishisht hatane tayar kelelya matichya bhandyancha sandarbh aahe. unch fuldananpasun teey farshanparyantchya yaa kamat mool rachana, sopya aakar aanee prayogik glaze aanee chitrakala tantre aahet. shailinusar, yateel bahutansh kaame aadhunik qalaa aanee hastakala (1880-1910), aart noview (1890-1910) kinwa aart deco (1920) chalvalinshi aanee european qalaa matichi bhandi yanchyashi sambandhit aahet.
deshbharatil sumare 200 studio aanee lahan karkhanyanni qalaa kumbharkam kele hote, visheshtah ohayo (covan, lonhuda, ovens, roseville, rockwood aanee weller potteries) aanee massatusates (dadham, grouby, sangamarvari aanee paul river potteries) yethe utpadan kendre majboot hotee. vyavsayik mothya utpadan companyanchya spardhechya aarthik dabavamule tasech eka dashkanantar mahamandimule pahilya mahayuddhachya aagamanane bahutansh kumbharkam vyavasayatun baher padnyas bhag padale gele.
itihas.
american qalaa kumbharkam chalval hii sthanik vaparasathi upayukt matichi bhandi aanee dagadi bhandi banavana vaiyaktik kumbharanchya paramparetoon vikasit jhaleli aahe, jee vasahatvadi kalapasoon suru jhaali aahe. sthanik american matichya bhandyanchya parampara, japani shaili aanee aadhuniktavadi saundaryashastrabaddal kumbharanchya kautukamule vegvegalya bhaugolik thikani teey vegvegalya pramanat aakarle gele. american qalaa kumbharkamatil prabhavshali vyaktinmadhye frederic hearton haid, jyanni anek vegvegalya qalaa kumbharkamanmadhye kaam kele aanee maria longworth nicholls, jyanchya rockwood kumbharkamamule tayar jhalelya kumbharkamancha samavesh aahe, jeey aaj kahee atishay sarvottam american qalaa kumbharkam manale jaate.
american qalaa matichya bhandyanchi sarvat junie udaharane bahutekda victorian saundaryache anusaran karatat aanee tyat mook parshvabhoomit rangavalelya mool american lokanchi chitre yasarkhe atyant tapshilvar pratinidhik vishay asatat. qalaa aanee hastakala, qalaa nava aanee qalaa deco halchalinchya saundaryachya anushangane, nantarchya prakaranmadhye graphik, resheey aanee amoort rachana asanyachi shakyata jaast asate. phuln aanee rockwodchya navapramanech asalelya rookala sarkhe prani heey sampoorn kalat sajavatisathi lokpriy vishay rahile. kahee tukadyanmadhye trimiteey vaishishtye asatat, jase qee varr rangavanyaivaji prushthbhagavar koradya kelelya rachana kinwa slip-trail kelele namune kinwa qamee-aaram denari shilpe yasarkhe unch ghatak.
chalvalitil anek pramukh vyaktinni vishisht kumbharkam sansthanchi sthapana kelee kinwa tyanchyashi sambandhit hote, tarr kahee tyanchya sampoorn karkirdit moolatah swatantra rahile. yaa gatatil ullekhaneey mhanje newyork aanee nyu jarsimadhye kaam karnare johnn bennet aanee edelade alsop robinue, jyanche 'scarb phooldan' heey american qalaa matichya bhandyanchya utkrusht udaharananpaiki eka manale jaate. baltimoremadhil edwin benetcha vishal karkhana dekhil swatantrapane karyarat hota, jyane veloveli kalatmak matichya bhandyanchi uttam udaharane tayar kelee, jaree vyavasayache ekoon laksh audhyogik hote.
anek american sangrahalayanmadhye american qalaa matichya bhandyanche sangrah aahet. visheshtah charles hosmer morse museum auph american aart, cooper-hevit museum aanee cincinnati aart museum mothe sangrah aahet, jyat sampoorn shakha rockwodchya vastoonna samarpit aahe.
american qalaa matichi bhandi yanche ullekhaneey nirmate.
arkipa.
1911 teey 1918 yaa kalat sann franciscochya khadee bhagatil kshayrog aarogya kendrat arequipa matichi bhandi tayar kelee jaat hotee. done varshe (1910-1912) master potter fredrick haid tethe shikavale gele; nantar kumbhar albert solan tethe shikavale. fekaleli aanee aakarleli bhandi tayar kelee jaat asat, sahasa matt finishsh.
kovi matichi bhandi.
covan matichi bhandi ohayochya lakewood yethe 1912 madhye aar. manus covan. nantar tee khadkal nadeet gelee, jithe mahamandimule diwalkhorit jaiparyant tee rahili. kovi matichi bhandi qalaa aanee hastakala aanee aart deco halchalinmule tasech chiinii matichya bhandyanmule prabhavit houn vividh shailinmadhye kaam karatat. arther yujeen bags (sangamarvari matichya bhandyanche sansthapak) aanee matichya matiche shilpkar wayland gregory yanchyasah anek cleveland shaley kalakaranni ekekali kinwa dusarya velee tethe kaam kele.
didham matichi bhandi.
1896 teey 1943 darmyan massatucets dedham yethe karyarat asalelya dedham matichi bhandi, syremic vadak hyoog see. yanni sthapan kelya hotya. robertson, jyane yapurvi tyache vadil aanee bhavansobat dusya matichya bhandyanmadhye kaam kele hote. robertsonla glazemadhye khoop rus hota aanee tyane oxblood glaze (chiinii glazepasoon prerit) aanee eka bareek crackle glaze donhi vikasit kele, jyapaiki nantarche dedhamche signature banale, tasech tyat crotching sasachya rachanecha varanvar vapar keela gela.
valaleli matichi bhandi.
1946 madhye elensworth, cansas yethe alaan james dryden junier yanni dryden potterychi sthapana kelee. tithe tyane jwalamukhichya rakhavar eka chamak vikasit kelee, tyane 'eka chamkanari dhun' yaa kalpak ghoshanesah eka lokpriy matichya bhandyancha vyavasay tayar keela."drydenne matichi bhandi tayar kelee jyanna qalaa matichi bhandi manale jaat asey, parantu jahirat sahitya aanee paryatakanchya vastoo dekhil banvilya jaat asat. deshbharatil vyavasay aanee sansthanni vishesh logo aanee chinhansah chhapalele tukade karyanvit kele. companycha swaksharicha tukada eka greek pitcher aahe (aajahi utpadit keela jaat aahe), 1956 madhye arcansas yetheel ushna springskade companychya halchalila purak mhanoon, tyane vikasit kelelya kalya jwalamukhichya rakh glazes molled form vanne brigala vikala gela. vyavasay vadhala aanee tyachya naveen thikani yashasvi jhaala. teey eka mothya karkhanyachya utpadanat vadhale aanee sampoorn yuu. ess. madhye vikale gele.ess. konatyahi udhyogavar parinam karananya teji aanee bust chakrandware koradya matichya bhandyanna nivval samarpanane tikavoon thewale aahe. sadhya mool kutumb tisya pidhiche kaam karat hote. ajunahi darroj naveen vastoo tayar kelya jaatat aanee naveen glaze ajunahi vikasit kele jaat aahet. jeey. keey. dryden aanee zack dryden sadhya anek prayogik adviteey qalaa matichya bhandyanche tukade, fekalelya aanee aakarlelya vastunchi nirmiti karat aahet aanee swakshari vikasit glaze aanee anuprayog tantracha vapar karat aahet.
grueby fines company.
massatucets rivere yethe 1894 madhye sthapan jhalelya grouby phains companyne fuldanya aanee chamakdar sthapatyakala terra kotta aanee phains farsha tayar kelya. grouby fuldanya tyanchya sadhya aakaransathi aanee matt kakadi-hiravya rangachya chakakisathi ullekhaneey hotya. johnn jacob estoreche bhagya heey beaver peltschya vyaparatoon prapt jhaale aahe yaa vastusthitichya sanmanarth, newyork shaharatil ester places sabave stopla beaver darshavina mothya grouby farshanni sajavale aahe. 1900 chya dashakachya suruvatila companyla aarthik adchanincha samna karava lagla aanee 1920 madhye company bund padali.
lonhuda matichi bhandi company.
1892 madhye stebenville, ohayo yethe vilyam long yanni lonhuda matichi bhandi company sthapan kelee aanee 1896 madhye tee bund kelee. tee tapkiri underglays aanee slip sajavatasathi prasiddha jhaali. syremic kalakar laura enee fryney 1892-93 madhye lonhudasathi kaam kele.
sangamarvari matichi bhandi.
sangamarvari matichi bhandi 1904 madhye massatucets sangamarvari mathyavar herbert hallchya doctoranni upcharatmak karyakram mhanoon sthapan kelee aanee pudhchya varshi arther yujeen bags yanni tee ghetali. matichya bhandyanchi bhandi sadhya swarupansathi aanee matichya ranganpasoon pivalya-hiravya aanee rakhadi-nilya rangachya swaranmadhye mook glazesathi ullekhaneey aahet. 1936 madhye too bund jhaala.
manasi matichi bhandi.
1918 madhye gill bandhunni indianatil myunsi yethe myunsi matichi bhandi sthapan kelee. tyanni 1922 madhye qalaa aanee hastakala shailitil qalaa matichi bhandi tayar karnyas suruvat kelee. ruben halley yanni 1926 pasoon companysathi teen aart deco reshanchi rachana kelee. rombic reshet ghanvinyas rachana, pratimechya reshet qamee aakarachya aakarvinyasancha vapar aanee spanish reshet vahatya sendriya swarupancha vapar keela. 1939 madhye operation sampale.
naveen matichi bhandi.
nucumb kumbharkam, jyala nucumb college kumbharkam asehi mhanatat, teey etch. yethe sthit hote. 1895 teey 1940 darmyan louisiana yetheel nyu orleans yetheel sophi nucumb memorial collegemadhye, serve mahila asalelya mahavidhyalayatil vidyarthyanni matichya bhandyansathi vividh prakarchi bhandi tayar kelee. samanyatah heey fuldane, jyat jordar qalaa noovyoo shailitil fulanchya sajavat asatat, anekada koradya tasech rangavalele aanee chamakdar asatat.
nilok matichi bhandi.
1909 madhye kumbhar charles deane hyton yanni kumbharanchya bagayati companychya qalaa kumbharkam shakha mhanoon benton, arkansas yethe nilok kumbharkamanchi sthapana kelee, jee upayogachya vastunchi nirmiti karate. sthanik chikanmaticha eka mahattvacha ghatak asalelya kaolin shabdache ulat shabdalekhan heey naav aahe. nilok tyachya 'mission swarl' sathee prasiddha jhaala, joou rangeet maatee ekatra misaloon banavalelya sangamarvari kagdashi samya asalela eka bahurangi namuna aahe. samanyatah mission swarlmadhye tanne, laal-tapkiri aanee nila-rakhadi ranganche mishran disun yete. nilok yethe kaam karananya kumbhar arther doway yanna anekada yaa ghoornanvrundacha shodh lavnyache shrey dile jaate, parantu tyacha shodh purvi purnapane vegalya matichya bhandyanmadhye lagla asava. nilokne hii shaili lokpriy kelee yaat kahee shanka nahee, aanee 1910 chya dashakachya uttaradhat teen varshanchya vishrantivyatirikt, mahamandine vikrila ghasaranis naan pohocheparyant nilok yashasvi jhaala. kahee varshe sangharsh karat rahila aanee 1947 madhye too bund padala.
ovenchi matichi bhandi.
jeey. buub. 1885 madhye jeey. oo. yanni ohayochya roseville yethe ovens pottery companychi sthapana kelee. buub. owen. zanesvilla gelyanantar, tyanni 1896 teey sumare 1910 paryant qalaa matichi bhandi tayar kelee, jyanantar ovensane tyaeivaji farsha tayar karnyavar laksh kendrit kele. ovensachya matichya bhandyanni sumare chaar dozen vegvegalya resha tayar kelya, pramukhyane fuldani, vadga aanee ghagare. vishisht olinmadhye aadarshadarshi (tapkiri chamakdar, bahutekda vanaspatishastriy sajavatisah), matt green (matt green glazekhali shailibaddha designs darshavinari) aanee mission (spanish mohima darshavinari) yancha samavesh hoto.
paul matichya bhandyancha aadar karato.
tarun mahilanna rojgar aanee kaushalye pradan karnyasathi 1908 madhye bostenmadhye helen storo, edith guer aanee edith braun yanni paul river materiyalachi sthapana kelee. gurier, shaniwar sandhyakalchya mulincha club yanni sthapan kelelya vachan gatatoon too kahee pramanat vadhala aanee too purnapane clubchya sadasyandvare vyavasthapit keela jaat asey. yaa karanastav paul aadaryukt matichya bhandyanna kadhikadhi shanivarchya mulee mhanoon sambodhale jaate. teey pahilya mahayuddhaparyant tikale. matichya bhandyanni atyant sopya graphik shailit fulanchya aanee pranyanchya rupankansah bhandi tayar kelya, jyat matt kinwa qamee-chamakdar glaze pramukhyane hiravya, nilya, geru aanee tapkiri rangachya tonemadhye hote.
paywabic matichi bhandi.
1903 madhye merrie ches peree stratton aanee horace james colkins yanni detroit yethe paywabic matichi bhandi sthapan kelee. yaa jodine dainandin vaparasathi vastoo tayar karoon companychi suruvat kelee jyat manoranjak glaze dekhil vaparale gele, jeey peree stratonne vikasit kele. 1906 madhye vikasit jhalelya indradhanushya glazesathi hii company prasiddha jhaali. nantar, matichi bhandi snrakshak imarat, detroit institute auph arts aanee detroit sarvajanik granthalay yasarkhya detroitmadhil ullekhaneey imaratinsathi tyle pratishthapan tayar karat gelee. kumbharkam kadhihi thambale nahee aanee ajunahi eka karyarat studio aanee gallery aahe.
rockwood matichi bhandi company.
japani aanee french matichya bhandyancha prabhav asalelya maria longworth nicholls storerne 1880 madhye ohayochya cincinnati yethe rockwood matichya bhandar companychi sthapana kelee. rockwood heey glazes prayog karnyasathi aanee rangavalelya aanee koralelya kamachya apavadatmak uchch gunvattesathi olakhale jaat hote. tithe kaam karnare kumbhar aanee kumbharkamatil chitrakaranmadhye kitaro shiryamdani, clara chipman neuton, laura enee fry aanee arther doway (jeey pudhe nilok matichya bhandyanmadhye kaam karnyasathi gele) yancha samavesh hota. mahamandimule companyvar white parinam jhaala aanee 1941 madhye diwalkhori ghoshit kelee. 1959 madhye misisipimadhye tee punha ughadali gelee aanee anek dashake vividh malkindware sangharsh keela. 2000 chya dashakachya suruvatila tee punha sinsinnati yethe halavanyat aalee, jithe tee aata karyarat aahe.
roseville matichi bhandi.
roseville matichi bhandi 1890 madhye ohayochya roseville yethe sthapan karnyat aalee aanee aath varshannantar teey zanesville yethe halavanyat aale. yachee suruvat gharguti vastoo banavoon jhaali aanee 1900 chya sumaras qalaa matichi bhandi banavanyas suruvat jhaali. fredrick arhead paach varshe (1904-09) rosevilleche qalaa digdarshak hote. gulabachya anek bhandyanmadhye fulanchi sajavat asate, anekada qamee aaramat. 1953 madhye rosevillene mool qalaa matichya bhandyanche utpadan thambavale.
tekaa matichi bhandi.
1899 madhye vilyam day gates yanni tyanchya american terra kotta tyle aanee syremic companychi eka vishesh shakha mhanoon terra kotta, eleanoy yethe teko matichi bhandi sthapan kelee, jee drain tials aanee chimani top sarkhya sthapatya terra kotta vastoo banavat asey. glaze aanee rupansah gateschya prayoganmule tyala qalaa matichi bhandi, visheshtah fuldanya tayar karnyasathi teko (terra kottache sankshipt roop) sapadale. teko tyachya vishisht sthapatya shailichya vastunsathi, jyachi prushthbhagachi sajavat qamee kinwa konatihi nahee aanee madhyam-hiravya matt glazesathi prasiddha jhaali. bahutek rachana swatah getche kaam hote, parantu shikago yetheel kahee prayery shalechya vastuvishardannihi tekojinsathi kaame kelee. 1929chya share bajarachya kosalalelya aanee tyanantarchya mahamandimule, teko matichya bhandyanchi nirmiti qamee jhalyamule, gatescha matichya bhandyancha vyavasay bund jhaala.
vanne briggle matichi bhandi.
artus aanee enee vanne briggle yanni 1901 madhye colorado springs, colorado yethe vanne briggle matichi bhandi sthapan kelee. matichya bhandyanni qalaa noovyoo shailila pasanti dilee. teey aajahi karyarat aahe, jyamule teey united statesmadhil sarvat june satat karyarat asalele qalaa matiche bhande banale aahe.
changli matichi bhandi.
kumbhar samuel aaa. wellerne 1872 madhye ohayochya fultenham yethe changlya matichi bhandi ubharali. company qalaa matichi bhandi aanee mothya pramanat utpadit kelele kaam donhi bunley, 1905 paryant tee deshatil sarvat mothee matichi bhandi bunley. anek vegvegalya kumbharanni varshanuvarshe changle kaam kele, jyat fredrick arhead, joou 1903-04 madhye hota. yaa karanastav, kahee lahan qalaa kumbharkamanpeksha tyat qamee swakshari shaili aahe. 1948 madhye too bund jhaala.