farman

eka farman (;), ghatanatmak staravar, islamik rajyat sarvbhaumane jaaree kelela shahee aadesh kinwa hukum hota. vividh kalkhandat teey gola kele gele aanee kayadyachya paramparik sanstha mhanoon lagoo kele gele. farman haah shabd pertian shabdavarun aala aahe jyacha arth 'hukum' kinwa 'aadesh' assa hoto.
adhik vyavharik staravar, sarkarchya konatyahi staravar yogya islami islami dileli konatihi lekhee parvanagi haah farman hota aanee aajahi asoo shakato. pashchimatya lock kadachit ekhadya deshat pravas karanyachi parvanagi, jee samanyatah aadhi kharedi kelee jaau shakate, kinwa puratatviy utkhananasarkhya deshat vidvattapoorn tapasani karanyachi parvanagi yabaddal sarvat jaast parichit aahet. ferman heey vividh prakarchya parpatransah ekatra kele jaau shakatat kinwa naan dekhil kele jaau shakatat.
vyutpatti.
farman (ferman asehi lihile jaate) haah shabdacha aadhunik pertian prakar aahe aanee too madhya pertian (pahalvi) 'freman' pasoon utarato, shevati junya pertian 'fremana' ('phra' = 'phoor', greek προ) pasoon. aadhunik pertian aanee junya pertian rupanmadhil farak haah 'shevat khalee takane' aanee prarambhik duheri vyanjanamule swar samavisht karane hyatoon udbhavato. heey vaishishtya (i.eae. "fra-") ajunahi madhya pertian swarupat vaparale jaat hote. farman yaa shabdache turkey swaroop 'ferman' aahe, tarr arabi bhashet bahuvachan roop 'faramin' aahe.
ottoman samrajyatil farmananchi utpatti.
ottoman samrajyat, sultanane shariyacha samarthak mhanoon tyachya bhoomikevarun aapala adhikar midavala, parantu shariya madhye ottoman samajik aanee rajkiy jivanachya serve pailuncha samavesh navhata. tyamule, sambandh aanee darja, kartavye aanee kullinverg aanee prajanche kapade yanche niyaman karnyasathi sultanane ferman tayar kele.
sanghatana.
ferman heey 'kanoon' navachya sanketanmadhye gola kele jaat hote (hellenic shabd 'kanoon' (κανον) mhanje 'niyam' kinwa 'niyam', tasech arabi shabd 'kanoon' () mhanje 'niyam' kinwa 'kayada'). kanoon" haah dharmnirpeksh aanee prashasakeey kayadyacha eka prakar hota, joou samajachya vatine kayadeshir nirnay ghenyachya shasakachya adhikaracha parinam mhanoon dharmik kayadyacha vaidh vistar manla jaato."
jevha sultanane ottoman samrajyat jaaree kele, tevha fermanche mahatva anekada dastaivajachya mandanidware darshavile jaat asey; dastaivajachya shirshasthani jitaki jaast rikami jaaga asel titakich ferman adhik mahattvachi asel.
ottoman fermanchi udaharane.
muradcha farman (26 aktoobar-23 november 1386).
yaa farmanmadhye, sultan murad pahila tyachya vadilanni sultan orhanne (ii. sha. 1324-1360). konihi tyanchyavar atyachar karoo naye kinwa tyanchya jaminivar dawa karoo naye, assa aadesh dett too tyachya vadilanchya karkirdit bhikshunna tyanchya malakiche serve kahee deto.
mahmadcha ferman vijeta (30 august 1473).
uzun hasanchya parabhavanantar, mahammadane vijay midvat tyaa bhagavar aapale rajya balkavale aanee teey majboot kele. tyane tyachya vijayachi ghoshana karnari patranchi malika pathavali, jyat uighur bhashetil eka asamanya sandesh anatoliachya turkman lokanna sambodhit keela hota.
yaa aadeshat ("yarlik") 201 olee hotya aanee 30 august 1473 roji lihilya gelyah 
mohammed chautha (1648-1687) chaa farman.
yaa farmanmadhye, mount ethosache bhikshu ahwal detat qee curr sankalanacha aarop asalele prashasakeey adhikari tyanna apekshit asalelya tarkhepeksha nantar yetat aanee moolyankan kelelya mulyapeksha jaast paishanchi magani karatat. teey atirikt annadhanyachya purvathyasathi bekaydeshir maganya dekhil karatat.
itar ferman.
muslim aanee khrishchan yanchyatil sambandhanvar niyantran niyantran sarvat mahattvachya farmananpaiki eka mhanje egyptmadhil sinai dweepkalpavaril sant catherinechya mathat thevalela eka dastaivaj. haah math greek orthodox aahe aanee swayatt sinai orthodox charchchi sthapana karato. farmanvar muhammadachi hastamudrika asate aanee tethe devbhakt lock rahatat mhanoon musalmananni math nasht karoo naye ashee vinanti too karato. aajahi mathajaval egyptchya sarkardware prashasit eka sanrakshit kshetra aahe aanee 20 kinwa tyahoon adhik bhikshu, pramukhyane greesmadheel aanee tethil sthanik samuday yanchyat khoop changle sambandh aahet.
mughal samrajya aanee hyderabadchya nijam yasarkhya bharatatil kahee islami samrajyanmadhye aanee rajyanmadhye farman jaaree kele gele. samrat aurangazebache vividh farman ullekhaneey hote.
itar upayog.
puratatvashastradnya/kadambarikar elizabeth peaters yanni utkhanan suru thevanyasathi egyptian puratan vastoo vibhagachya adhikrut parvangisathi 'farman' haah shabd vaparla hota. nimrud yetheel utkhananasathi austen heinry layerdney ashach adhikarancha hawala deela hota, joou tyala chukun ninaveh vatala hota.
junya yishuv darbaratil sangrahalayat jerusalemmadhil rahivasi eliezer menheim goldbergchya 1890 chya mudran vyavasayachya udghatanasathi eka farman thevanyat aale aahe. vakeel yosef haii fenizil yanni fermanche turkimadhun hibru bhashet bhashantar kele aanee heey darshavate qee haah vyavasay rehov hayhudim yethe hota aanee tyala turkey, arabi, hibru, ingraji, german, french aanee italian bhashet mudran karanyachi parvanagi hotee.

