pauranik manav mahina

daad methical mann-manthah nibandh software abhiyantriki heey fred brooksche software abhiyantriki aanee prakalp vyavasthapan yaa vishayavaril pustak pratham 1975 madhye prakashit jhaale, tyanantarchya aavrutya 1982 aanee 1995 madhye prakashit jhalya. tyachi madhyavarti sankalpana ashee aahe qee niyojit velechya mage asalelya software prakalpat manushyabal jodane yamule tyala aanakhi vilamb hoto. hii kalpana brookcha niyam mhanoon olakhali jaate aanee tee vastuvisharad pranalichya prabhavasah aanee namuna paddhatiche samarthan karoon sadar kelee jaate.
oo. ess./360 chya vikasache vyavasthapan kartana, brookschee nirikshane aay. bii. emm. madheel tyachya anubhavavar aadharit aahet. tyane niyojit velepeksha mage padalelya prakalpat adhik programmer jodale hote, jyaa nirnayamule, nantar too nishkarsh kadhel qee, prakalpala aanakhi vilamb jhaala hota. algol sankalak lihinyat guntalelya eka prakalpala, tyat guntalelya kamgaranchi sankhya kitihi asali taree (tyasathi jaast vel lagel) sahaa mahine lagtil, assa dawa karanyachi chookahi tyanni kelee. prakalp vikasat asha chuka punha karnyachya vyavasthapakanchya pravruttimule, tyanchya pustakala 'software engineeringche baibal' asey mhanatat, asey vinod karnare lock hote, kaaran 'pratyekjan tyacha ullekh karato, kahee lock teey vachatat aanee kahee lock teey palatat'.
aavrutya.
heey kaam pahilyanda 1975 madhye prakashit jhaale, <ref naav = "eecs.umik.1982 madhye sudharanansah eedu/veimaryuche punarmudran jhaale aanee 1995 madhye chaar atirikt adhyayansah vardhapan deane aavruttit punha prakashit jhaale, jyat lekhakachya bhashyasah 'noow sylver bullet' yaa nibandhachi punarmudran samavisht aahe.
kalpana mandalya.
pauranik manav mahina.
mahina velapatrakatil apayashachya anek karananvar charcha kelee jaate. sarvat chirsthayi mhanje tyane kelelya nadichya niyamanchi charchah
"usheera jhalelya software prakalpat manushyabal jodane heey nantarche tharate". manushya-mahina heey eka mahinyat eka vyaktine kelelya karyache pratinidhitva karnare kamache eka kalpanik ekak aahe; zadancha niyam mhanato qee manushya-mahinyanmadhye upayukt kaam mojanyachi shakyata hii eka dantkatha aahe aanee mhanunach too pustakacha kendrabindu aahe.
guntaguntichya programming prakalpanche purnapane swatantra karyanmadhye vibhajan kele jaau shakat nahee, jyavar kamgaranmadhil sanvadashivay aanee karye aanee tee paar padnare kamgar yanchyat guntaguntiche parasparsambandh prasthapit kelyashivay kaam kele jaau shakate.
tyamule, niyojit velechya mage mage prakalpasathi adhik programmer niyukt kelyane teey nantarhi shakya hoil. yache kaaran asey qee naveen programmersna prakalpabaddal jaanun ghenyasathi lagnara vel aanee vadhiv sampreshanachya vadhimule upalabdh dindarshikechya veleche satat vadhanare praman kharch hoil. jevha "aine" lokanna ekmekanshi sanvad sadhava lagato, "aine" vadhat asatana tyanche utpadan qamee hote aanee jevha teey nakaratmak hote tevha pratyek vyakti jodali jaat asatana prakalpala aanakhi vilamb hoto.
chandichi golee nahee.
noow sylver bullet-saar aanee software abhiyantrikimadhil apghat' haah adhyay aanee 'noow sylver bullet' yaa adhyayatil 'daad methical mann-manth' chya vardhapan deane aavruttimadhye 'refired' yaa adhyayache pudhil pratibimb 'brooks' neey jodale.
ekahi ruperi golicha abhav aahe assa aagrah brooksney vyakt kelah "tantradnyan kinwa vyavasthapan tantramadhye ekach vikas nahee, joou swatah eka dashakat utpadakta, vishvasarhata, sadhepana yaat eka kramane [dahapat] sudharana karnyache aashvasan deto."
aamdalcha niyam jyaa prakare 'samantar' aanee 'katekorpane anukramik' yanchyatil farkanvar avalambun aahe, tyach prakare haah yuktivad apghati jatilata aanee aavashyak jatilata yanchyatil farkanvar avalambun aahe.
vastuvisharad pranalicha parinam.
vastuvisharad pranalicha parinam assa soochit karato qee, jevha ekhada vastuvisharad vastuvisharad pranalichi rachana karato, tevha tee sarvat dhokadayak pranali aahe jee teey kadhihi tayar kartil, kaaran antarnihit velechya maryadanmule tyanni moolatah pahilya pranalimadhye jodaleli nahee asha serve jodya samavisht karnyacha tyancha cull asel. asha prakare, dusari pranali suru kartana, abhiyantyane heey lakshat thewale pahije qee teey atee-abhiyantrikisathi sanvedanshil aahet.
trutinchya aparivartaniy sankhyekade cull.
lekhak asey nirikshan karato qee yogya prakare guntaguntichya pranalimadhye trutinchi eka vishisht aparivartaniy sankhya asate. nirikshan kelelya truti durust karnyachya konatyahi prayatnat itar truti aadhaltat.
pragaticha magova ghene.
brooksney lihile qee, "prashnah mothya software prakalpala eka varsh usheer kassa hoto? uttarh eka velee eka divas!"anek aaghadyanvar vadhati ghasaran akheris mothya pramanat vilamb ghadavun aanate. vyavasthapanachya pratyek staravar vaiyaktik tappyanvarche chhote tappe gathanyakade satat laksh dene aavashyak aahe.
sankalpanatmak akhandata.
vaparkartyas anukool pranali banavanyasathi, pranalimadhye sankalpanatmak akhandata asane aavashyak aahe, jee keval amalbajavanipasun architecture vegale karoonach sadhya kelee jaau shakate. vaparkartyachya vatine kaam karnara ekach mukhya vastuvisharad (kinwa vastuvishardanchi eka chhoti sankhya), pranalimadhye kaay chalale aahe aanee kaay baher rahile aahe heey tharvato. vastuvisharad kinwa vastuvishardanchya chamoone pranaline kaay karave yachee kalpana vikasit kelee pahije aanee urvarit sanghala hii drushti samajoon ghetali aahe yachee khatri kelee pahije. jarr tee sampoorn pranalichya rachneshi akhandapane basat nasel tarr aekhadyachya naveen kalpanecha samavesh keela jaau shakat nahee. kharey tarr, vaparkarta-anukool pranali sunishchit karnyasathi, ekhadi pranali jaanunbujun tyachya kshamatepeksha qamee vaishishtye pradan karoo shakate. muddah assa aahe qee, jarr ekhadi pranali vaparnyasathi khoop klisht asel tarr anek vaishishtye naan vaparleli jaatil kaaran tee shikanyasathi konakadech vel nahee.
niyamavali.
mukhya vastuvisharad pranalichya vaishishtyanchi niyamavali tayar karato. tyat pranalichya bahya vaishishtyanche tapshilvar varnan kele pahije, jeey serve vaparkartyala disate. amalbajavani pathake aanee vaparkartyankadun abhipray yet asalyane niyamavali badalali pahije.
prayogik pranali.
naveen prakarchya pranalichi rachana kartana, eka sangh 'fekoon denyachi' pranali tayar karel (mug tee ichchit asso kinwa naso). hii pranali eka 'prayogik yojana' mhanoon kaam karate jee tantranna prakat karate jyamule nantar pranalichi sampoorn punarrachana hoil. heey dusare, "smarter" pranali hii grahakala dilee gelee pahije, kaaran prayogik pranalichya vitaranamule grahakala vedna hoil aanee kadachit pranalichi pratishtha aanee kadachit companydekhil uddhvast hoil.
aupcharik kagadpatre.
pratyek prakalp vyavasthapakane prakalpachi uddishte, tee kashee sadhya karayachi, tee kona sadhya karnar, tee kevha sadhya honar aanee tyasathi kitee kharch yenar aahe heey spasht kaam aupcharik kagadpatrancha eka lahan mukhya sanch tayar keela pahije. yaa kagadpatranmadhye visangati dekhil disun yeu shakatat jyaa anyatha pahane katheen aahe.
prakalpacha andaj.
prakalpachya velecha andaj ghetana heey lakshat thewale pahije qee programming utpadane (jee grahakanna paise deuun vikali jaau shakatat) aanee programming pranali yaa donhi goshti sadhya swatantra antargat karyakramanpeksha lihine tippat katheen aahe. prashasakeey kinwa baithka aanee visheshtah 'ubhe rahane' kinwa 'serve hatanni baithka' yasarkhya itar gair-tantrik kamanchya ulat, kamachya aathvadyatil kitee bhag pratyakshat tantrik samasyanvar kharch keela jaeel heey lakshat thewale pahije.
sanvad.
aapatti talhanyasathi, prakalpavar kaam kaam serve sanghanni shakya titkya anek marganni (eae-mail, phone, baithka, memo ii.) ekmekanchya samparkat rahile pahije.). kahitari gruheet dharnyaivaji, amalbajavani amalbajavani purnapane chukiche asoo shakate asha gruhitkashi pudhe jaanyapurvi, vastuvishardanna (vastuvishardanna) teey amalat aanat asalelya vaishishtyavar tyancha hetu spasht karnyas sangitale pahije. prakalpache samoohchitra tayar karnyasathi aanee teey itaranshi sanvad sadhanyasathi vastuvisharad jababdar asatat.
shastrakriya pathak.
shastrakriyedarmyan jyapramane eka shalyachikitsak chamooche netrutva sarvat gambhir kaam kaam eka shalyachikitsakadvare kele jaate, tyach velee qamee gambhir bhaganmadhye madat karnyasathi sanghala nirdesh dile jaatat, 'changla' programmer gambhir pranali ghatak vikasit karane vajvi vatate tarr urvarit sangh yogya velee aavashyak teey pradan karato. yavyatirikt, 'changle' programmer samanyatah madhyam aakarachya programarpeksha paach teey daha putt jaast utpadanaksham asatat asey brooksche mutt aahe.
code freeze aanee pranali aavrutti.
software adrushya aahe. tyamule, naveen pranalivar vishisht pramanat kaam kele gele tarach anek goshti spasht hotat, jyamule vaparkartyala tyacha anubhav gheta yeto. yaa anubhavamule antardrushti milel, jyamule vaparkartyachya garja kinwa vaparkartyachya garajanchi dharana badalel. tyamule, vaparkartyachya badalalelya garja purn karnyasathi pranali badalali pahije. heey keval eka vishisht tappyaparyantach ghadu shakate, anyatha pranali kadhihi purn houu shakat nahee. eka vishisht tarkhela, pranalimadhye aanakhi badal karnyas parvanagi dilee jaau naye aanee code gothavala pahije. badalansathichya serve vinantya pranalichya "pudhil" aavruttiparyant vilambit kelya pahijet.
vishesh sadhane.
pratyek programarkade tyanchya swatachya vishesh sadhanancha sanch asanyaivaji, pratyek sanghakade eka niyukt sadhan-nirmata asava joou tyaa karyasathi atyant sanukoolit sadhane tayar karoo shakel (udaa.jee. eka code generator sadhan jeey vishishtatevar aadharit code tayar karate). yavyatirikt, prakalp vyavasthapakachya dekharekhikhalil samanya sadhananchya chamoone pranali-vyapi sadhane tayar kelee pahijet.
software vikas kharch qamee karane.
software vikas kharch qamee karnyasathi done tantre aahet jyambaddal brook lihitatah

