
chrematogaster

chrematogaster hii jagbharatil aadhalanari mungya paryavaraniyadrushtya vaividhyapurn prajati aahe, jyache vaishishtya mhanje eka vishisht hriday-aakaracha guster (pooat) aahe, jyamule tyanna tyanche eka samanya naav, sant valentine mungi milate. yaa vanshatil sadasyanna cocktell mungya mhanoonahi olakhale jaate kaaran tyanna bheeti vatate tevha tyanche pooat vadhavanyachi savay asate. bahutek prajati vrukshajanya (vruksh-nivas) aahet. yaa mungya kadhikadhi kalabaji mungya mhanoon olakhalya jaatat.
kalambari mungya mukhyatve tantusarkhya itar kitkanchya shikaridvare ann midavatat. teey tyanchya shikarala adavanyasathi vish vapartat aanee sathidaranna ann strotankade nenyasathi eka guntaguntichi paywat ghalanyachi prakriya karatat. bahutek mungyapramanech, "chrematogaster" prajati vivahpravasat bhag gheuun punarutpadan karatat, jithe ranee tichya sampoorn ayushyabhar pratyek andyala falit karnyasathi vaparale jaanare shukranu midvate.
hinsak vartan.
kalabaji mungya mothya aanee lahan asha donhi prakarchya shikaricha shikar karatat. jevha shikar karanyachi vel yete, tevha shikari sahasa tyanna madat karnyasathi jawalchya mungya ghetat. mungya vishisht samparkadvare tyanchya shikarala chinhankit karoo shakatat aanee shodhu shakatat. jevha teey samparkat yetat, tevha teey lagech hallah karatat, kadhikadhi danshane thode vish sodatat. shikar japt karnyat aalyachya aanakhi kamgaranna satark karnyasathi teey eka alarm ferromon dekhil sodatat. itar kamgar upasthit asalyas, mungya 'pasarlelya-garud' chaa shikar karatat. jevha shikar pasarlela-garud asato, tevha serve avyav pasarlele asatat aanee teey mungya yanchya magchya bajula nele jaatat. mungya aerolia, padsarkhe prakshepan karatat jeey shikarala gharatyat parat nenyasathi vaparale jaatat. heey aerolia gambhir aahet kaaran kalabaji mungya heey vrukshajanya asatat aanee tyanna tyanchya gharatyachya thikani parat jaanyasathi anekada zadanvar chadhave lagate. jarr shikar lahan asel aanee fakt eka mungi asel tarr tee shikar vaiyaktikaritya vahoon neuu shakate. itar kamgar upasthit asalyas, jaree shikar lahan asala tarihi mungya madat gheuun bharati karatat. kalabaji mungya samanyatah tide, valvi, tantu aanee itar lahan keetak khatat.
kubadyancha shikar.
kalabaji mungya vegvegalya prakarchya mungya khanyasathi olakhalya jaatat. yapaiki anek gandulanche paraganas karanibhoot asalelya zadanshi paraspar sambandh aahet. yavyatirikt, tantuche samanyatah chakr asatat jeey teey anusaratat, jyamule mungya tyanna shodhu shakatat aanee pakadu shakatat. parinami, kalabaji mungya shikarchi upasthiti shodhanyasathi adviteey vaishishtye vikasit karatat. teey tantundware sodanyat yenanya rasayanik sanketambaddal sanvedanshil jhaale aahet aanee tyancha shikar shodhanyasathi sanket mhanoon yaa sanketancha vapar karatat.
adhivas.
acrobat mungya pratyek babatit mothya varanvartesaha ektar gharabaher kinwa gharat aadhalu shakatat. baher, teey sahasa vrukshajanya asatat, parantu teey anekada jangalatil anek samanya bhagat rahatat. hii kshetre samanyatah olsar asatat aanee anekada gadad asatat. teey anekada zadanmadhye, lakadachya sangrahanmadhye (jase qee jaalkam) aanee khadkankhali aadhaltat. gharanchya aat, vijechya taranchya bhovati gharate sapadali aahet. hii thikane byavachada mothya ann purvathyachya agadi jawal asatat aanee itar mungya gharatyanchya aaspas asoo shakatat.
punarutpadan.
anek samajik mungya prajatinpramanech, kalabaji mungya, eka ranee jodidar eka vivahpurv uddanadarmyan ekach narasobat julate. yaa uddanadarmyan, pankhanchi ranee aanee pankhancha purush jodidar aanee tyanantar thodyach velat narr marto. maadee akheris utarate aanee tiche swatache pankh kadhoon takte, jyachi teela aata garaj nahee.
yaa mungya prajatinmadhye, yaa sanyogachya dhoranat eka bhinnata dekhil astitvat aahe. mothya mahila kamgar astitvat aahet jyaa pankhanchya ranyanpeksha lahan asatat, parantu lahan kamgaranpeksha mothya asatat. tyanchyat anek sharirik vaishishtye dekhil aahet jee lahan kamgar aanee ranisathi madhyavarti aahet, jyat andashayacha aakar aanee rachana aanee patte yancha samavesh aahe. yaa maadee anutpadit undy tayar karoo shakatat jee akheris ranee nasalelya vasahatinmadhye naranmadhye vikasit houu shakatat. jarr hii undy ranichya vasahatit tayar kelee gelee tarr ranee tee khau shakate. alya undy dekhil khau shakatat. mothe kamgar samanyatah mungya nasalelya vasahatinmadhye adhik undy tayar karatat. mungya ranyanpramanech lahan kamgar mothya kamgaranchi kalji gheu shakatat.
"mothya kamgar' chey kalabaji vasahatinvar mothe parinam hotat. mothe kamgar undy tayar karatat jeey karyarat mungya mhanoon vikasit houu shakatat, teey pratyakshat naveen vasahati tayar karoo shakatat. teey aadhich astitvat asalelya mungya vasahatichya loksankhyechya gatimantes dekhil badaloo kinwa aakar deu shakatat. tasech, hii undy tayar karananya mothya kamgaransathi, jarr tee khalli gelee tarr tee ayashasvi punrutpadanavar urjecha apavyay darshavate. serve eusocial mungya prajatinmadhye mothe kamgar nasatat, mhanoon yaa babatit kalabaji mungya adviteey aahet.
bachavatmak vartan.
"chrematogaster mungya" tyanche pooat pudhe aanee tyanchya vaksh aanee dokyavar unch karoo shakatat, jyamule tyanna tyanchya potachya tokanna jawaljawal serve dishanni nirdeshit karata yete, "janoo teey samtol sadhat aahet", asha prakare tyanna bolchalani bhashet acrobat mungya mhanoon olakhale jaate.
sangharshat asatana, kalabaji mungya tyanchya potachya bhaganna zukavoon vish sodu shakatat. mungyachya viruddha asalelya vishachi parinamkarakta mothya pramanat badalate. udaharanarth, mungya itar kahee prajati phaar pratirodhak nasatat aanee keval kahee thembansah marle jaau shakatat, tarr itar mungya prajati aanee kitkanmadhye mothya pramanat vishahi pratikar karanyachi kshamata jaast asate. tathapi, jarr teey tyanchya antenachya samparkat aale tarr heey vish anekada aaksheparh mungya door karoo shakate. acrobat mungya samanyatah itar acrobat mungya yanchya vishane door kelya jaat naheet. vish heey metaplural granthimadhye tayar hote aanee tyat samanyatah guntaguntiche aanee sadhe phenols aanee carboxylic acid asatat, jyapaiki kahinna pratijaivik gunadharm mahit asatat. mungya parasparvirodhi jivanna zendu lavtat. gunhegarala vedhanyasathi 'pentbrushes' shailit froath lavale jaatat. "mungya aanee tiddyanmadhye 'zendu' swatantrapane vikasit jhaala aahe.
kamache vibhajan.
bahutek eusocial kitkanpramanech, kalabaji mungya shram kartvyanvar aadharit jaatee tayar karatat. haah vibhag samanyatah vartanukishi nigadit asato, parantu aakar kinwa vayasah tyala sharirik aadhar dekhil asato. vasahati sanrakshn kinwa ann sampadanasathi visheshikrut asalelya adhik vikasit metaplural granthisah sainik samanyatah mothe asatat. kamgar mungi samanyatah sainik aanee ranyanpeksha lahan asate aanee tiche mukhya karya ranila lahan mulanche sangopan karnyat madat karane heey asate. sainikanpeksha kamgarancha aakar jaast asato. aakaratil yaa lakshaniy badalane yaa vanshatil "mothya kamgaranchya" utkrantimadhye lakshaniy bhoomika bajavali asel.
parasparvad.
kalabaji mungya myrmecophytism navachya parasparvadachya eka swarupat sahbhagi hotat, jyamadhye vanaspati aashray aanee stravalele ann puravatat, tarr mungya vanaspatinna shikari pranyanpasun sanrakshn puravatat. anek kalabaji mungya 'makranga' sarkhya vanaspatincha tyanchya annacha mukhya srot mhanoon vapar karatat.
jevha vanaspati viskalit hote tevha mungya chintet padatat. teey tyanchya vanaspatinchya aashraysthanatun patkan baher padatat aanee aakramak hotat. shejarchya vanaspatinvar hallah hott asatanahi asey houu shakate. tyanchya sanrakshanat madat karnyasathi teey itar mungya dekhil bharati karoo shakatat.
paywat lavane.
kalabaji mungya sanvad, kamgaranchi bharati ii. asha anek vegvegalya karanansathi sugandhache marg tayar karatat. sugandh tibiyal granthimadhye ugam pavtat aanee mungyachya gastermadhun sravatat. mungi jyachya prushthbhagavar sugandh sodat aahe tyachya prushthbhagala gaster pratyakshat kadhihi sparsh karat nahee. sugandhacha marg kadhatana mungya samanyatah tyanche pooat tivrapane varchya dishene uchalatat aanee nantar pudhe vakavtat.
paywat lavnyasathi eka vyavharik vapar mhanje annakade jaanara marg chinhankit karane. mungya anekada annacha srot shodhatat jyat tyanna gharatyat kinwa nivaaryaat anek feiiah karavya lagatat. jaagecha magova thevanyasathi, sugandh upayukt aahe. sugandh vaparnyacha aanakhi eka mahattvacha upayog mhanje itar kamgaranchi bharati karane. heey anek paristhitinmadhye kharokhar upayukt aahe. jevha annacha srot aadhalato aanee tyala gharatyat parat aanane aavashyak asate tevha teey karyakshamta vadhavu shakate. eka kalabaji mungya vanaspati aashraysthanavar hallah kartana madat bharati karnyasathi dekhil heey upayukt tharoo shakate.
hehee pahaa.
euriplata nanaknihali
prajati.
chrematogaster' yaa vanshamadhye 430 hoon adhik prajati olakhalya jaatatah