german dakshin paschim africa

german nairutya africa () hii 1884 teey 1915 paryant german samrajyachi vasahat hotee, jaree germanyne 1919 chya vharsaychya tahaparyant yaa pradeshachya nuksanala adhikrutpane manyata dilee navhati. 
yaa pradeshavaril german rajvatila tethil mool africi lokanchya asankhya bandanni viram deela hota, jyacha shevat 1904 teey 1908 yaa kalat german sudbuddhichya mohimet jhaala, jyala herero aanee namakwa narsamhar mhanoon olakhale jaate.
1915 madhye, pahilya mahayuddhachya kalat, german nairutya aafrikevar pashchatya mitrarashtranni dakshin africi aanee british sainyachya swarupat aakraman kele. yuddhanantar tyache prashasana dakshin africa sangharajyane (british samrajyacha bhag) tabyat ghetale aanee haah pradesh rashtranchya sanghatanechya aadeshanusar dakshin paschim africa mhanoon prashasit karnyat aala. 21 march 1990 roji teey namibia mhanoon swatantra jhaale.
suruvatichya vasahati.
german nairutya africa africa bhaganshi prarambhik european sampark vyapari aanee navikankadun jhaala, janewari 1486 madhye portugij sanshodhak diogo kaao, bahudha martin behimes, cape crossver utarala. tathapi, anek shatkanparyant, european vasahat maryadit aanee tatpurati rahili. februwari 1805 madhye, london missionary societyne blydvervotmadhye eka lahan mission sthapan kele, parantu yaa gatachya prayatnanna farse yash midale nahee. 1840 madhye london missionary societyne aapale serve upkram german renish missionary societykade hastantarit kele. yaa sanstheche kahee pahile pratinidhi franz heinrich cleanshmid (jeey aktoobar 1842 madhye aale) aanee carl hyugo hahn (jeey december 1842 madhye aale) hote. tyanni sampoorn pradeshat charchchi sthapana karnyas suruvat kelee. renish dharmpracharkancha suruvatila sanskruti aanee poshakhavar aanee nantar rajkaranavar lakshaniy prabhav padala. tyach kalat jevha renish dharmpracharak sakriy hote, tevha vyapari aanee shetkari chaukya ubharat hote.
prarambhik itihas.
16 november 1882 roji, bremen yetheel german vyapari, edolph luderitzne, dakshin paschim aafriket too bandhanar asalelya eka sthankasathi chanceller bismarkakadun sanrakshanachi vinanti kelee. ekada heey manjur jhalyavar, tyacha karmchari, heinrich vogelsang yane eka sthanik pramukhakadun jameen kharedi kelee aanee angra pekwena yethe eka vasahat sthapan kelee, jyache naav badaloon luderitz asey karnyat aale. 24 april 1884 roji, itar europeey shaktinche sambhavya atikraman rokhanyasathi tyane haah parisar shahee germanychya sanrakshanakhali thewala. 1884 chya suruvatila, paristhiticha aadhava ghenyasathi gunboatne bhet dilee. sarkarkadoon anukool ahwal aanee britishankadun sammati midalyane, jahajanchya aanee jahajanchya bheticha parinam jhaala. akheris 7 august 1884 roji nairutya aafriket german dhwaj fadakavanyat aala. berlinchya parishadedarmyan yaa bhoomivaril german davyanna pushti midali. octobermadhye, paschim aafrikesathi navyane niyukt kelele aayukt gustav nachigal, paschim aafrikechya vimantalavar pohochale.
april 1885 madhye german banker (gerson wonn bleikroder, edolph wonn hansman), udhyogpati (count guido henkel wonn donorsmark) aanee rajkarani (frankfurtche mahapour johannes wonn mikel) yanchya pathimbyane 'german vasahati samaj, jyala dii. keey. jee. ess. doubleu. aii. mhanoon olakhale jaate,' (nairutya aafrikesathi german vasahatvadi samaj) 'hii sanstha sthapan karnyat aalee. vasahatinchya vikasasathi sarvajanik paishapeksha khajgi paishancha vapar karava yaa bismarkchya dhoranache palan karoon, khanij sathyancha gairavapar karnyache ekadhikar adhikar dii. keey. jee. ess. doubleu. aii. laa denyat aale. naveen societyne lavkarach luderitzchya ayashasvi udhyoganchi malmatta, jameen aanee khanij adhikar vikat ghetale. pudhchya varshi naringi nadichya mukhavar moheem rabavat asatana luderitz budala. nantar 1908 madhye madhye shodh lagla. asha prakare sone, tambe, platinum aanee itar khanijansah hire hii eka mothee guntavanuk bunley.
meey mahinyat, heinrich ernst goring yanchi aayukt mhanoon niyukti karnyat aalee aanee tyanni otjimbinve yethe tyanche prashasana sthapan kele. tyanantar, 17 april 1886 roji, vasahatichi kayadeshir vyavastha nirman karnara kayada manjur karnyat aala, jyamule europeey lokansathi kayade aanee mool rahivashansathi vegvegale kayade asaleli duheri pranali tayar jhaali.
pudhil kahee varshant german vasahati aanee sthanik lock yanchyatil sambandh bighadat gele. yavyatirikt, dakshin paschim aafriketil kinarpattivaril enclave valvis beey yetheel british vasahaticha vikas suruch rahila aanee anek lahan shetkari aanee dharmpracharak yaa pradeshat sthalantarit jhaale. karar, karar aanee vendetschya guntaguntichya jaalyamule ashantata vadhali. 1888 madhye 'shutztruppen' chaa pahila gut-vasahatvadi sanrakshit sainya-aala, otjimbinve yetheel lashkari talachya sanrakshanasathi pathavala gela.
1890 madhye, vasahat german mukut vasahat mhanoon ghoshit karnyat aalee aanee adhik sainya pathvanyat aale. tyach varshi julaimadhye, britton aanee germany yanchyatil heligoland-zanzibar kararacha eka bhag mhanoon, ishanyekadil caprivy pattichya adhigrahanadvare vasahat aakarane vadhali, jyamule aateel bhagat naveen vyapar marganche aashvasan midale.
jawaljawal ekach velee, august aanee september 1892 darmyan, dakshin paschim africa company limited (swack) chee sthapana german, british aanee cape collany sarkaranni kelee, khanij shoshan vadhavanyasathi aavashyak bhandwal ubharanyasathi (visheshtah, damaraland savalatichya tambyachya sathyavar vyaj) vittapurvathadaranchya madatine.
lokvasti aanee pashudhanachya halchalinvar nirbandh ghaloon kitkanvar niyantran thevanyasathi 1896 madhye pashuvaidhyakiy gherav kumpan suru karnyat aale. nantar 'laal resha' mhanoon olakhali jaanari hii eka rajkiy seema bunley, jyat polis sanrakshn reshechya dakshinekade kendrit hote, tarr uttarekadil bhaganvar paramparik paramparik vapar karoon apratyaksh vasahatvadi rajvat asoonahi niyantran thewale jaat hote. yamule, udaharanarth, adhik madhyavarti sthit herero lokanchya tulanet uttarekadil ovambo lokanmadhye vegvegale rajkiy aanee aarthik parinam disun aale. 
german nairutya africa hii ekmev german vasahat hotee jyamadhye german mothya sankhyene sthayik jhaale. hire aanee tambe khankam aanee visheshtah shetimadhil aarthik shakyatanmule german vasahati vasahatikade aakarshit jhalya. 1902 madhye vasahatit 2,00,000 rahivasi hote, jaree keval 2,595 (1.2%) german mhanoon nondavale gele hote, tarr 1,354 (0.6%) africi aanee 452 (0.2%) british hote. 1914 paryant, aanakhi 9,000 german vasahati aale hote. tithe bahudha sumare 80,000 hirero, 60,000 ovambo aanee 10,000 naama hote, jyanna hottentots mhanoon sambodhale jaat asey.
german rajvativiruddha bund aanee herero aanee namakvachi narsamhar.
1893 aanee 1894 paryant, naama aanee tyancha neta hendrick whitbooi yancha pahila 'hotentot uthav' jhaala. tyanantarchya varshant german rajvativiruddha aanakhi anek sthanik uthav jhaale. 1904-1907 chya herero aanee namakwa narasamharapurvi, herero aanee naama yanchyakade german lokanvar avishvas thevanyachi changli karane hotee, jyacha shevat khawa-mabandjeru bandat jhaala. yaa bandamadhye, jyat german lokanni malmattechya malkichya european kayadeshir drushtikonachya navakhali tyanchi malmatta japt karoon khavavar niyantran thevanyacha prayatna keela (samoohik aadivasi malkichya kalpanemadhye kharee sudharana naan kelyabaddal gharee teeka kelee gelee). yamule sarvat mothya bandkhorila chalana midali, jyala jyala herero yuddhe (kinwa herero narsamhar) mhanatat.
durgam shetanvar halle jhaale aanee sumare 150 german vasahati marle gele. keval 766 sainik aanee sthanik sahayyak dalanche "shootztroop" suruvatila, hereroshi barobari karoo shakat navhate. herero aakraman karat gela, kadhikadhi okahandja aanee vindahokchya bhovati gela aanee osonala jaanara railway pool nasht keela. leftnunt general lother wonn trautha yanchya netrutvakhali germanytun ghaighaine aalelya atirikt 14,000 sainikanni waterbergchya ladhait bandkhori chiradoon takali.
yapurvi wonn trauthane herero lokanna german praja honyacha adhikar nakarat aanee tyanna desh sodoon jaanyache kinwa thaar maranyache aadesh dett antim ishara deela. paloon jaanyasathi, herero panyashivayachya omahek pradeshat, kalhari valvantachya pashchimekadil bhagat mage hutla, jithe tyanchyapaiki anek tahan lagoon maran pavale. german sainyane pratyek panyachya strotache rakshan kele aanee konatyahi praudh purush hirerola disalyavar golya ghalanyache aadesh denyat aale. keval kahee herero shejarchya british bechuanalandmadhye paloon jaanyat yashasvi jhaale.
mohimevaril german adhikrut lashkari ahavalane yaa davpechanchi prashansa keleeh
1904 chya uttaradhat, navanni tyanchya netyanchya netrutvakhali vasahatvadi satteviruddhachya sangharshat pravesh keela, jyancha bahutek ladhaya haralyanantarhi, tyanna anekada 'black napolean' mhanoon sambodhale jaanare, hendrick whitbooi aanee jacobus morenga. haah uthav akheris 1907-1908 darmyan radd karnyat aala. ekoon 25,000 teey 100,000 hirero, 10,000 hoon adhik naama aanee 1,749 german sangharshat maran pavale.
sangharshachya adhikrut samaptinantar, urvarit mool rahivasi, jevha shevati najarkaidetun mukt jhaale, tevha tyanna anek prakare varnabhedachi apeksha asalelya vyavasthet haddapar karane, haddapar karane, saktiche shram aanee vanshik vibhajan aanee bhedbhav yaa dhoranachya adheen hote. swatantra namibiyatil vanshik olakh aanee germanyshi asalelya sambandhanshi narsamhar sambandhit aahe.
shejaril ingrajanni tyanna amanaviy german dhoran mhanoon jyacha virodh keela. yamadhye herero aanee naama lokanviruddhachya tyanchya yuddhadarmyan vasahatit anek chhalchhavanya rakhanyacha samavesh hota. yaa shibiranvyatirikt, sthanik lokanna itar thikani najarkaidet thevanyat aale hote. yamadhye khajgi vyavasay aanee sarkari prakalp, prakalp jahaje, kampanya, khajgi vyaktinna kaidyancha puravatha karnyasathi prabhari 'etapenkomando' ityadincha samavesh hota.tasech itar konatyahi samagri. samagri mhanje kharab swachchata aanee loksankhyechi ghanata jee rog soochit karel. sainik kinwa vasahatindvare vaparasathi, khaninmadhye aanee relvemadhye gulam majur mhanoon kaidyancha vapar keela jaat asey.
herero aanee namakwa narsamharala sanyukt rashtranni aanee germanychya federal ripablikane manyata dilee aahe. shibirachya sthapanechya sthapanechya vardhapandinanimitta, germanyche aarthik vikas aanee sahkar mantri hedemeri viexorek-zool yanni mrutanche smaran kele aanee germanychya vatine shibirabaddal maafee magitali. meey 2021 madhye, paach varshanchya vataghatinantar, german sarkarne-hotentot bandala vasahatvadi narsamhar mhanoon manyata dett-$1.3 abj bharpai nidhi sthapan keela.
pahile mahayuddha.
pahile mahayuddha suru jhalyachi batami redio telegraphidware 2 august 1914 roji german nairutya aafriket pohochali. hii mahitee nauen transmitter stationvaroon togolandmadhil kamina aanee lome yetheel rile stationdware vindahokmadhil redio stationmadhye prasarit karnyat aalee.
yuddh suru jhalyanantar, dakshin aafrikechya sainyane 13 september 1914 roji ramansdript police thanyavar hallah karoon shatrutva suru kele. german vasahati pretoriya jawalil chhalchhavyanmadhye aanee nantar pietermaritzburgmadhye nenyat aale. dakshin aafrikechya sainyachya prachand sankhyatmak shreshthatemule, german shutztroopne, german bajoone maritz bandat bandat african svayamsevakanchya gatansah, keval vilambit davpech mhanoon virodh darshavila. 9 julai 1915 roji, shootztroopcha shevatcha senapati victor frankney khorabjaval aatmasamarpan kele.
shootztroopche done sadasya, bhoogol pradhyapak fritz jegger aanee lio webel, heey german nairutya aafrikechya uttar bhagachya tyanchya shodhasathi smaranat aahet, jeey 'nairutya aafrikechya bhoogolatil yogdan' (beitraje jur landesconde wonn sudvestafrica) heey pustak banale.
yuddhanantar.
yuddhanantar, haah pradesh brittonchya niyantranakhali aala, jyala nantar dakshin africi rashtranchya sanghatanechya aadeshadvare aupcharik karnyat aale, jyane dakshin aafrikechya sangharajyala prashasanasathi jababdar banavale. akheris haah pradesh dakshin aafrikechya rajvatit varnabhedachya adheen jhaala, tasech 1975 madhye angolachya yadavi yuddhat sahbhagi jhaala. 1990 madhye, purvichi vasahat namibia mhanoon swatantra jhaali, jee purvichya swatantrya chalvalidware shasit hotee.
german varsa.
deshat ajunahi anek german nave, imarati aanee vyavasay astitvat aahet aanee german vanshache sumare 30,000 lock ajunahi tethe rahatat. namibiyamadhye german ajunahi mothya pramanavar vaparale jaate, namibian prasaran mahamandal german bhashetil redio station chalavate aanee german bhashet durdarshan batamya bulletin prasarit karate, tarr 1916 madhye sthapan jhalele dainik vruttpatra 'algemine zitung' prakashanat aahe. ducom hii upgrah durchitravani seva germanytun durchitravani aanee redio vahinya puravate.
yavyatirikt, sadhyachya namibiyamadhye lutheranism haah pramukh khrishchan sampraday aahe.
german sthan nave.
german nairutya aafriketil bahutek thikananchya navanmadhye sthanik navanchi german jodani tasech kahee sthanik vakyanshachi german bhashantare chaloo hotee.
yaa niyamala apavad asalelya kahee thikani renish missionary societyne sthapan keleli thikane, samanyatah baybalmadhil nave, tasecha
german nairutya aafrikesathi niyojit chinhe.
1914 madhye german vasahatinsathi prastavit shastrastra aanee zendyansathi masudyanchi eka malika tayar karnyat aalee. tathapi, rachana purn honyapurvi aanee amalat yenyapurvi pahile mahayuddha suru jhaale aanee chinhe pratyakshat kadhihi vaparat aanali gelee naheet. yuddhatil parabhavanantar germanyne aaplya serve vasahati gamavalya aanee tayar kelela shastrancha aanee zendyancha vapar kadhich keela gela nahee.

