kiwa (sanghatana)

kiwa (samanyatah tyachya domain navane olakhale jaate, kiwa.aurg) hii 501 (see) (3) naa-napha denari sanstha aahe, jyache mukhyalay californiachya sann francisco yethe aahe, jee lokanna 80 deshantil qamee utpann asalelya udhyojkanna aanee vidyarthyanna internetdware paise udhar denyachi parvanagi denyacha dawa karate. kivache dhyey "vanchit samudayanna bharbharatila yenyasathi aarthik pravesh vadhavane heey aahe."tyanchyavar fasavya vyavsayik paddhati, dengidaranchi dishabhul karoon tyancha nidhi vishisht vyaktinsathi vaparla jaeel assa vishvas thevanyacha aanee tyanchya kamkajachya itar pailunche chukiche chitran kelyacha aarop karnyat aala aahe.
kiwa, tyala milanara nidhi sookshm vitt sanstha, samajik parinam vyavasay, shaala kinwa naa-napha sansthanna vitarit karate aanee samanyatah vishisht vyaktinna thet nidhi puravat nahee. yaa sansthankadun kiwa dware shulk aakarle jaate aanee karjdar bahutek karjanvar vyaj detat. 
kiwa heey tyache vaparkarte, mahamandale aanee rashtriy sansthankadun anudan, karj aanee dengyadvare samarthit aahe. 2005 pasoon, kiwane 96.3 takke paratfedi darasah ekoon 16 lakhanhun adhik karjanna gardine nidhi deela aahe, joou 16 lakhanhun adhik aahe. jagbharat 20 lakhanhun adhik karjdar kiwa munch vapartat. tyacha aakar asoonahi, giveldware swatantra punaravalokan sansthela mahattvapoorn samajik laabh midato yacha purava shodhanyat ayashasvi tharale, kiman eka bhagidarane kivadvare tapasale gele asey manale jaate qee too khoop jaast napha kamavato, tarr praptakartyacha shaala sodanyacha darr khoop jaast asato. 
itihas.
kivachi sthapana aktoobar 2005 madhye matt flannery aanee jessica jacquelay yanni kelee hotee. yaa jodpyachi micro financemadhil suruvatichi aavad 2003 madhye stanford business skoolmadhye grameen bankechya muhammad yunus yanni dilelya vyakhyanatun prerit hotee. jacquely shalet kaam karat asey aanee tyanni sadarikaranala upasthit rahnyasathi flannerinna aamantrit kele. tyanantar lagechach, jacquelyne purv aafriket lahan vyavasay suru karnyat madat karnyasathi kaam kaam naa-napha asalelya grameen udhyogasathi sallagar mhanoon kaam karnyas suruvat kelee. flannery aafriket jacklela bhet dett asatana, doghanni udhyojkanna upkram suru kartana kartana samasyambaddal mulakhat ghenyat vel ghalavala aanee tyanna start-up bhandwal upalabdh nasane haah eka samaan vishay asalyache aadhalale. aafriketun paratalyanantar, doghanni micro finance prakalpasathi tyanchi yojana vikasit karnyas suruvat kelee, joou kiwa madhye vikasit hoil, jyacha swahilimadhye arth 'ekata' assa hoto.
april 2005 madhye, kivachya pahilya saat karjanna ekoon 3,500 dollarscha nidhi denyat aala aanee mool udhyojkanna nantar 'dream team' manale gele.
karj prakriya.
kiwa jagbharatil 300 hoon adhik sookshm vitt sanstha, samajik prabhav vyavasay, shaala aanee naa-napha sansthansobat kaam karate, jyanna 'kshetriy bhagidar' mhanatat, jeey kiwa sanketsthalavar patra sthanik udhyojakanche profile poost karatat. karjdar kiwa varr karjdarache profile brouse karatat.aurg aanee tyanna nidhi deu ichchit asalela udhyojak nivada. karjdar credit card prakriya kinwa pepaldware tyancha nidhi kiwat hastantarit karatat, jeey yaa prakarananmadhye tyache vyavhar shulk maaf karate. karjdar 25 dollarchya vadhiv rakmemadhye karj deu shakatat.
karjdaranche paise midalyanantar, kiwa vaiyaktik karjdarankadun karj bhandwal ektrit karate aanee teey yogya kshetriy bhagidarankade hastantarit karate, jeey karjdarala karj vitareet karatat. kshetra bhagidaranna pathavalelya bhandavalavar kiwa vyaj aakarat nahee, parantu anekada kshetra bhagidar prashasakeey kharch bhagvinyasathi karjdaranna kahee pramanat vyaj aakartat. anek chhotya karjanvar dekhrekh thevanyacha prashasakeey kharch aanee vadhaleli jokhim yamule vikasit deshanmadhil mothya karjanvaril vyajadaranpeksha vikasansheel deshanmadhil sookshm vitt sansthankadun ghetalelya karjavar vyaj samanyatah jaast asate. udhyojak tyanchya karjachi vyajasah paratfed karat asatana, kshetriy bhagidar nidhi kiwala parat pathavtat. karjachi paratfed hott asatana, kiwa karjdar tyanchi muddal kadhu shakatat kinwa tee tee udhyojkala punha deu shakatat.
aarthik.
15 march 2016 paryant, kiwane 1,394,336 karjdarankadun 1,928,760 karjdaranna $827,356,850 karj vitarit kele hote aanee ekoon 1,036,558 karjanna kiwa dware nidhi deela gela hota. karjacha sarasari aakar $411.26 aahe aanee sarasari kiwa vaparkartyane 10.17 karj ghetale aahe. kivacha serve bhagidaransathicha sadhyacha paratfed darr 97.1% aahe. 
2012 chya aarthik varshasathi, kiwane ekoon mahasulat $15,632,786 kamavale aanee ekoon kharchat $12,482,528 hote, jyamule $3,150,258 guntavanuk karnyasathi urale. 2012 madhye sansthechi nivval malmatta $16,248,638 itaki hotee. kiwa swatah tyachya karjavar vyaj aakarat nahee; teey sookshm vittapuravatha sansthanna vinamulya bhandwal puravatat. yaa sookshm vittapuravatha sanstha nantar paripakv bajaratil banq vittapurvathyachya tulanet sarasari 30 takkyanhun adhik utpadan karj uchch vyajasah paise detat. sanstheche nidhiche mukhya srot mhanje anudan, aarthik pathbal aanee anek pramukh rashtriy mahamandal aanee sansthankadun savalatichya darat seva dene. shevron corporation, visa ink., aanee scholl foundation kiwala anukrame done varshanche $10 laakh anudan, $15 laakh anudan aanee $10 laakh anudan dile. kiwane samchya clubchya 'giving maid simpal' mohimesathi $10 laakh aanee american expresschya 'take part' spardhet $500,000 chey anudanahi jinkale. yavyatirikt, omidiyar networkne kiwala tyachya kshetriy bhagidarancha vistar karnyat aanee yogya parishram ghenyas madat karnyasathi kiwala paach varshant $50 lakhanche anudan dile.
vyavasthapan.
2020 madhye, tyanchya swatachya 990 curr prapatranusar, kivhachya see. eae. oo. neville crollyne tyaa varshi 818,852 dollarchi kamai kelee. tyancha ekoon mahasool $38.6m hota. 2015 madhye, naa-napha sansthene ekoon $100,000 peksha jaast pagar asalelya satra vyaktinna nokarivar thewale. kiwa yetheel sarasari pagar $80,768 aahe. 2019 paryant, tyanni prashikshanarthinna paise denyas suruvat kelee.
kaam aanee karjacha vapar.
mahilanchya malakiche vyavasay.
aktoobar 2017 paryant, kivache 81 takke karj mahilanna denyat aale aahe. 
tyanchya 'haaf daad skye' yaa gair-kalpanik pustakat, nicolaus dii. christophe aanee sheryl vudunna yanni pakistanatil kashaf foundationsarkhya kahee kshetriy bhagidar sanghatanansah kivachya karyavar prakash takala. christophe aanee wooden yanni microloneche dhokadayak swaroop garibeetoon baher padanyacha marg mhanoon nondavale, parantu kiwa aanee tatsam micro financechya prayatnanna manyata dilee, asey lihit qee "micro financene mahilanchi sthitee majboot karnyasathi aanee konatyahi kayadyane sadhya karnyapeksha tyanche shoshanapasun sanrakshn karnyasathi adhik kele aahe."
harit karj.
2011 madhye kiwane karjdaranna urja, harit shetee, vahtook aanee punarvapar yaa swachchh aanee surakshit prakarankade jaanyas madat karnyasathi karjachi eka naveen shreni jodali. harit kiwa karjamule saur puttle, sendriya khate, uchch karyakshamatesathiche stove, thibak sinchan pranali aanee jaivaindhanasathi nidhi upalabdh honyas madat hote. december 2013 paryant, kiwa karjdarankade 4,600 harit karjanna garditoon nidhi hota.
uchch shikshanala pathbal.
2010 madhye, kiwane vidyarthi microlone karyakram suru keela jyamule karjdaranna uchch shikshan midvu midvu vidyarthyanna madat karnyas madat jhaali. vidyarthi karjanna tyach gardi-nidhichya drushtikonatun nidhi deela jaato aanee samanyatah vidyarthyanna tyanche karj fednyasathi 1 teey 3 varshe asatat.
2014 madhye, sansthene vittanasobat sakhol bhagidari suru kelee tevha kiwa yaa shaikshanik upkramacha mothya pramanat vistar jhaala. vitana ashiya, africa aanee lattin americetil deshanmadhye jaminivar kaam karate, qamee utpann asalelya vidyarthyansathi karjache paryay vikasit karate. bhagidaridware, vittanadvare milanare serve karj aata nidhisathi kiwa varr disate.
vaidyakeey karj.
kahee kiwa kshetra bhagidar, jase qee elevio capital, vaidyakeey karjasathi nidhi puravanyat parangat aahet. itar vaidyakeey karj tasech itar karjansathi nidhi deu shakatat. ghanachya eka vikas abhyaskane suchavale aahe qee vikasansheel deshanmadhil vaidyakeey sevetil antar qamee karnyasathi sookshm vitt vaidyakeey karj haah eka prabhavi marg asoo shakato.
nirvasitanna madat karane.
julai 2017 madhye, kiwane lebnon, jorden aanee turkeys deshantil nirvasit aanee yazman samudayanna madat karnyasathi jaagtik nirvasit nidhi, 250,000 dollarscha mell khato nidhi suru keela. nirvasit karj fedatat tevha teey tyanchya naveen thikani eka vikram ghadavatat. yaa nidhinantar 9 dashalaksh dollarsparyantcha karj bhandavalacha firata nidhi asel.
itar kiwa karyakram.
kiwa yuu.ess..
2011 madhye kiwane kiwa yuu suru kele.ess.tantradnyanachya madhyamatoon karj kharchat kapat karnyachya' prayatnancha eka bhag mhanoon, americetil udhyojkansathi 0 takke vyaj peear-too-peear karj prayogik karyakram. kiwa yuu laa pathavalele karj.ess. bahutekda paramparik banking sansthanni karj nakarlelya karjdarankadun, parantu kiwa yuu varr.ess. tyanna uchch patt guna kinwa taaran midavata yene aavashyak nahee. kiwa yuu.ess. vishvastanchi eka pranali vaparte, jee karjdaranna khatri dete. kiwa yuu.ess. vishvast heey sthanik naa-napha, seva sanstha, vyavasay, dharmik sanstha kinwa samuday nete asoo shakatat.
karjdaransathi karjacha sarasari aakar 5,000 dollar aahe. americi karjdaranna karjachi paratfed karnyasathi sarasari done varshe lagatat.
kiwa prayogshala.
sookshm vittapurvathyachi lavchikta aanee prabhav vadhavanyache marg marg kiwa labb prakalpala nidhi puravanyasathi gugalane 2013 madhye kiwala $30 lakhancha jaagtik prabhav puraskar pradan keela. prayogshalechya upkramanmadhye vyajdar qamee karane, shetitil hangami napha yasarkhya samasyanna samavoon samavoon adhik lavchik paratfedichya atty pradan karane aanee shikshanasarakhya guntavanukisathi dirghakalin karj dene yancha samavesh aahe. prayogshala swachchh urja tantradnyan upalabdh karoon dene aanee dnyanachi daree bharoon kadhanyachya marganni bhramandhvani tantradnyanacha vapar karnyavar dekhil laksh kendrit karatat. prayogshalechya shubharambhaveli, kiwa karjdaranni 132,000 krishi karj, 4,600 harit karj aanee 670 bhraman tantradnyan karjansathi gardi kelee hotee."
kiwa shahar.
kiwa shahar yuu. ess. madheel sthanik vyavasay malak aanee udhyojkanna pradan karate.ess. karjanchi gardi karanyachi sandhee asaleli shahare. 2011 madhye shikago yethe jhalelya clinton global initiative america parishadet kiwa aanee amerikeche majee adhyaksh biil clinton yanni yachee suruvat kelee. kiwa shaharatil thikananmadhyeh detroit, nyu orleans, losses angelis, washington dii.see., newark, richmond, little rock, pitsberg, philadelphiya, milwauki, louiville, sann francisco, newyork shahar aanee oakland.
eka varshapeksha qamee kalavadhit, richmond, virginia yetheel kiwa shahar karyakramanni sthanik vyavasayanna $100,000 peksha jaast karjacha nidhi denyas madat kelee.
vaad.
vyajdar.
november 2018 paryant, kiwa varr ekoon 1,530,180 karjancha nidhi denyat aala hota. khaleel taktyat vyajdaranusar kramvari lavaleli hii karje darshavili aahet.
micro financeche pranete muhammad yunus yanchyasah kahee lock assa yuktivad karatat qee anek microcredit sansthanche vyajdar avastavpane jaast aahet. 2007 saalee lihilelya tyanchya pustakat, jeey sookshm vittasanstha tyanchya dirghakalin parichalan kharchapeksha 15 takkyanhun adhik shulk aakartat, tyanna dand bharava lagel, assa yuktivad tyanni keela aahe.
tyachya sanketsthalanusar, kiwa vyajdarancha ullekh "kshetra bhagidarane udhyojkala aakarlela swayam-nondavalela sarasari darr" assa karato."kiwa aaplya sanketsthaladvare nidhi puravalelya vaiyaktik karjasathi aakarle jaanare vyaj darr prakashit karat nahee. tathapi, sambhavya karjdaranna karjdarala teey nidhicha vichar karatat tyaa karjachya kharchacha andaj lavnyacha eka marg mhanoon, teey tyanchya pratyek kshetriy bhagidaranche sarasari "portfolio utpann" prakashit karate. portfolio yield" heey kshetra bhagidaranchya thakbaki karjachya portfoliomadhun midavalele sarasari utpann mojate. kahee nirikshakankadun asey nidarshanas aale aahe qee "portfolio utpann" mojmap avishvasaniy aahe aanee karjdar karjasathi dett asalelya vastavik kimmatiche thet pratibimb dett nahee.
kiwa aaplya kshetriy bhagidaranchya vyajdaranche samarthan karate, tathapi, tyanche kshetriy bhagidar sthanik paryayanpeksha barech changle darr pradan karatat, parantu teey jeey karatat teey shulk aakarle pahije kaaran "vikasansheel deshanmadhye sookshm-karj denyacha kharch pashchimekadil mothya karjanchya tulanet jaast aahe."kiwa swatah gola kelele konatehi vyaj thevat nahee, parantu tyaeivaji keval dengyanvar karya karate.
udaharanarth, 2009 madhye, gwatemalamadhil kiwa bhagidarankadun midalelya sookshm karjanchi sarasari 23.16% hotee, jee sarasari 430 americi dollarschya samatulya hotee, jee 635 americi dollarschya karjasathichya 24.5% chya vyavsayik banneral darachya tulanet jaast hotee. (sandarbhasathi, gwatemalasathi chalanvadhicha darr samanyatah 5 teey 10% darmyan badalato aanee 2009 madhye fakt 0.62% hota).
kiwane 2012 madhye kiwa zip navache adhik thet peear-too-peear micro lending platform suru kele. kiwa zipne kshetra bhagidaranna vitaran aanee paratfed sankalanache outsourcing naan karata thet karjdaranna nidhi hastantarit keela. tyaeivaji, yaa karyakramane americetil sthanik sansthanshi bhagidari kelee aanee keeniya yanni vishvastanna bolavale, jyanni karj arjdaranchi tapasani kelee aanee margadarshan kele. kiwa zip karjdaranni konatehi vyaj kinwa shulk bharale nahee aanee paratfedicha darr 89.4% hota. 13 march 2017 paryant, kiwa zip upadomen kiwa mukhprushthavar punarnirdeshit hote aanee karyakram bund jhalyache disate.
kshetriy bhagidaradvare vyajdar.
november 2018 paryant, kiwa sanketsthalavar ekoon 332 kshetriy bhagidar soochibaddha aahet aanee tyanchi sthitee khalilpramane aaheh 173 sakriy, 41 nishkriy, 14 thambavale aanee 104 prayogik. yavyatirikt, 178 majee kshetriy bhagidar bund mhanoon soochibaddha aahet.
khaleel taktyat kshetriy bhagidaranchya namunyache "portfolio utpann" darshavile aahe. "karjdaranni kshetra bhagidarala dilele serve vyaj aanee shulk tyaa dilelya varshat kshetra bhagidarane dilelya sarasari karj portfoliodware vibhajit karoon "portfolio yield" aakadevari mojali jaate. haah aakada karj ghenyachya kharchachi adhik achook antardrushti pradan karato kaaran tyat karj ghenyashi sambandhit shulk samavisht asate.
nidhiche purv vitaran.
jevha kiwa suru jhaali, tevha karjdaranna nidhi prapt karnyasathi kiwa sanketsthalavar tyanchya karjacha nidhi mileparyant pratiksha karavi lagali. tevhapasoon, vyavastha badalali aahe, jenekarun karjdaranna tyanchya batamya kivachya sanketsthalavar poost karnyapurvi karj vitarit kele jaate. karjdaranna lavkar karj vitareet karnyacha sakaratmak parinam hoto, jyanna tyancha nidhi milanyasathi aata aathvade vaat pahavi lagat nahee aanee asha prakare teey vel-sanvedanshil vyavasay sandhincha laabh gheu shakatat. heey kivachya sanketsthalavar ughad kele jaate; pratyek karj prastavat nidhi purv-vitarit karnyat aala hota qee nahee heey namood kele aahe. tyamule, karjdarancha karj nidhi, karjdaranni nivadalelya nidhivyatirikt itar karjdarankade jaanyachi shakyata aahe. tathapi, karjdarane nivadalelya vishisht karjdarachya paratfedichya vartanacha karjdarala tyancha nidhi parat midato qee nahee yavar parinam hoto (karjdarane default kelelya karjdaranna emm. eff. aay. neey sanrakshn dene nivadle aahe teey vagalata), karjdar aanee vishisht karjdar yanchyat kiman kahee sambandh aahe. konatyahi kshetriy bhagidarandware karjdarachya pradhanyachya pravruttichya vishleshanasathi karjdarachya pradhanyancha vapar keela jaato qee nahee kinwa keeva heey namood kelele nahee. kivacha pratisad haah purv-vitaran thevane parantu prakriyebaddal adhik spasht asane haah aahe.
purn paratfedichi varanvarta anishchitata.
kshetra bhagidarala kiwa barobar changle shrey midave yasathi kshetra bhagidar kshetra bhagidarala default kelelya karjasathi kiwa deu shakato yaa aadharavar default atyant qamee aahet qaa yavar prashnachinh upasthit kele gele aahe. kshetra bhagidaranni gola kelele vyaj darr heey mahattvapoorn thakbaki bharnyasathi purese aahet qee nahee heey pratyek kshetra bhagidarasathi sthanik aarthik paristhitivar avalambun asate.
vadgrast karj.
2008 madhye, kiwa madhye eka peruvian mahileche tichya kombadyanchya ladhyachya vyavasayasathi upkarane kharedi karnyasathi karj magnyache karj ghenare charitra dakhavale gele. yamule kiwa karj karj samudayat vaad nirman jhaala; anekanni takrar kelee qee hii sanstha pranyanvaril kroortela protsahan dett aahe. matt flannery yanni heey padd tikavoon thevanyachya kivachya nirnayacha bachav keela; tyanni thampane sangitale qee heey padd hatvane heey "pitrutvavadi" asel aanee "perumadhye kombadyanchi ladhai kayadeshir aanee samruddha sanskrutik paramparecha bhag aahe", asey sangoon, karjdar "tyanchya dollars matdan karoo shakatat"."
prachar aanee vipanan dhorane.
march 2012 madhye, linkedinche saha-sansthapak reed hoffman yanni kiwa yanna $10 lakhanche karj dile. tyanantar kiwane 40,000 lokanna 'vinamulya' 25 dollar karj denyachi parvanagi dilee. karjdar ajunahi karjdarachi nivad karatat, parantu karjdar tyanna nivadalelya karjdarachya aivaji hofmanla paratfed karel. kiwa ashee aasha karate qee "vinamulya" vaparkarte tyanchya adhik prakalpanna karj deteel aanee asha prakare tyancha ekoon vaparkarta aadhar vadhatil.
biil clinton yanni 2007 saalee lihilelya 'kiwa covers "yaa pustakat mhatale aahe.org aanee sanstha sadhya karat asalele aanee bhootkalat kelele kaam.
bahya punaravalokne.
khaleel swatantra sansthanni kivacha aadhava ghetala aahe.

