
aitihasik punarikshanvad

itihaslekhanamadhye, aitihasik punaravalokanavad mhanje aitihasik lekhacha punarvapar. tyat sahasa ekhadya aitihasik ghatanebaddal kinwa kalmaryadebaddal kinwa ghatanebaddal vyavsayik vidvananni mandalelya rudhivadi (sthapit, sweekrut kinwa paramparik) matans aavhan dene, viruddha purava sadar karane kinwa tyat sameel asalelya lokanchya prerana aanee nirnayancha punarvapar karane samavisht asate. aitihasik nondichi punaravrutti vastusthiti, purava aanee arth lavnyache naveen shodh pratibimbit karoo shakate, jyacha parinam nantar sudharit itihasamadhye hoto. natyamay prakarananmadhye, punarikshanvadamadhye junya naitik nirnayanche ulatya swarupacha samavesh hoto.
moolbhut staravar, vaidh aitihasik punarikshanvad hii itihasachya likhanacha vikas aanee sudharana karanyachi eka samanya aanee visheshtah vadgrast prakriya nahee. naitik nishkarshanche ulat parinam heey adhik vadgrast aahe, jyamadhye mukhya pravahatil itihaskaranni (udaharanarth) sakaratmak shaktinna nakaratmak mhanoon chitrit kele aahe. asha sudharanavadala, jarr aadhichya drushtikonachya samarthakanni aavhan dile (visheshtah garmagaram shabdat), tarr tyat banavat kagadpatrancha vapar kinwa assal kagadpatrancha avishvasaniy avishvas, pustake aanee strotanshi khote nishkarsh dene, sankhyikeey mahitimadhye ferfar karane aanee jaanunbujun majkurache chukiche bhashantar karane yasarkhya ayogya paddhatincha samavesh asalyas aitihasik nishedhavad mhanoon olakhalya jaanarya aitihasik sudharanavadacha eka bekaydeshir prakar banoo shakato. yaa prakarcha aitihasik punarikshanvad aitihasik nondichya naitik arthacha punarvapar sadar karoo shakato. nakaratmakatavadi tyanchya prayatnanna vaidh aitihasik chaukashi mhanoon chitrit karnyasathi 'punarikshanvad' hii sandnya vapartat; visheshtah jevha 'punarikshanvad' haah holocast nakarnyashi sambandhit asato.
aitihasik vidvatta.
aitihasik punarikshanvad heey asey sadhan aahe jyadvare aitihasik nondi, samajacha itihas, tyachya samoohik smrutimadhye samajalyapramane, itihas mhanoon samanyatah samajalya jaananya ghatananchi naveen tathye aanee arth lavnyasathi satat lekhankan kele jaate. itihaskar aanee american aitihasik sanghataneche sadasya james emm. mcfersonney mhatale aaheh
itihaslekhan kshetrat, joou itihaskar samajachya sadhyachya aasthapanet kaam karato aanee tyane itihasachi pustake tayar kelee aahet jyatoon too kinwa tee adhikar midvu shakatat, sahasa tyala 'yathasthiti' chaa fayda hoto. tyamule, vyavsayik-aitihasik pratiman heey tathya, arth kinwa donhichya konatyahi prakarchya aitihasik punarikshanvadaprati nishedhatmak bhoomika mhanoon prakat hote. lekhanachya itihasachya eka-aadarsh swarupachya ulat, vidnyanache tatvadnyani thomas kuhn mhanale, ekach pratimanadvare darshavilelya parimanatmak kathor vidnyananchya ulat, samajik vidnyan anek pratimananni vaishishtyikrut kele aahe jeey sanshodhanachya 'davyanchi parampara, prativad aanee [moolbhut] tattvanvaril vadavivad' pasoon vyutpann jhaale aahet. amerikechi sanskratikdrushtya sarvasamaveshak aitihasik katha, krishnavarniy lock, mahila aanee kamgar chalvalicha drushtikon sadar karananya sudharit itihasachya kamanna virodh karnyababat itihaskar david williams mhanaleh
dusya mahayuddhanantar, jee. neey americetil itihasacha abhyas aanee nirmiticha vistar keela.aay. vidheyak, jyane nidhi deela, tyamule strivadi chalval, nagri haqq chalval aanee american bharatiy chalvalitun ghetalelya drushtikonansaha aanee vyakhyansah "vidvananchya naveen aanee adhik vyapak-aadharit pidhila" parvanagi midali. itihaskaranchya samoohane kelelya vistar aanee sakholatemule nishchit aanee sarvatrik manyataprapt itihasache astitva radd jhaale, mhanoon, sanshodhanvadi itihaskarane rashtriy janatela eka itihas sadar keela aahe joou aitihasik nondichi naveen tathye, purave aanee arth lavnyane durust aanee vadhavala gela aahe. daad cycle auph american histree" (1986) madhye, shityuddhachya kalat (1945-1991) america aanee soviet unionchya viruddha aanee tulana kartana, itihaskar arther emm. schlessinger junier. mhanalah
sanshodhanvadi itihaskar aitihasik ghatananchya mukhya pravahatil kinwa paramparik drushtikonashi spardha karatat aanee paramparavadyanshi visangat matey mandatat, jyancha navyane nyay keela jaane aavashyak aahe. strivadi itihaskar, vanshik alpasankhyak itihaskar, lahan aanee qamee dnyat vidyapithanmadhye mukhya pravahatil shaikshanik kshetrabaher kaam karnare, kinwa sarvat tarun vidwan, moolatah jyaa itihaskaranna sarvadhik laabh midvayacha aahe aanee jyanna sthitila aavhan detana sarvat qamee gamvave lagel, asha alpasankhyak lokandware varanvar sudharanavadi itihasacha sarav keela jaato. swikarlelya vishvasanchya mukhya pravahatil aanee aitihasik punarikshanvadachya naveen drushtikonanmadhil sangharshat, prapt jhalelya aitihasik kalpana ektar badalalya jaatat, drudh kelya jaatat kinwa spasht kelya jaatat. jarr kalantarane, sanshodhanvadi kalpana naveen aasthapana "yathasthiti" banalya tarr eka aadarsh badal jhaala asey mhatale jaate. itihaskar forrest mcdonald anekada punarikshanvadane ghetalelya valanavar teeka karatat, parantu 1960 chya dashkatil amerikechya ashantatemule itihas lihinyachi paddhat badalali aahe heey kabool karatatah
itihaskaranvar 'zitjist' (tyaa kalacha aatma) aanee samaj, rajkaran aanee sanskratimadhye samanyatah honare purogami badal, jase qee dusya mahayuddhanantar (1939-1945); 'bhootkalatil bhavishyakal' (1989), itihaskar see. vanne woodward mhanalah
akadami, sanskruti aanee rajkaranatil ghadamodinni itihasachya likhanachya samkalin pratimala aakar deela, joou itihaslekhancha sweekrut namuna aahe. tatvadnyani carl popper mhanale qee, "pratyek pidhiche swatache prashna aanee samasya asatat aanee mhanunach, tyache swatache hitsambandh aanee swatacha drushtikon asato".
samajik, rajkiy aanee sanskrutik prabhavanmule samaj badalat asatana, bahutek itihaskar aitihasik ghatananche spashtikaran adyayavat aanee sudharit karatat. maryadit puravyanvar aadharit june ekmat, kaaran aanee parinam, prerana aanee swarth-jeey sangatat, teey tapasheel spasht kartana aata aitihasikdrushtya vaidh manale jaau shakat naheeh "kase?"aanee" qaa?"bhootkal jasa jhaala tassa jhaala; mhanoon, itihasachya samkalin samajutishi susangat honyasathi vastusthitichya nondichya aitihasik punarikshanvadat sudharana kelee jaate. mhanoon, 1986 madhye, itihaskar johnn hope franklin yanni americetil africi jivanachya anubhavachya itihasalekhanatil chaar tappyanche varnan kele, jeey aitihasik sahmatichya vegvegalya namunyanvar aadharit hote.
nakarvad aanee nakarvad.
itihaskar deborah lipstad ("holocast nakaraneh satya aanee smrutivar vadhata hallah", 1993), aanee itihaskar michael shermer aanee elex grobeman ("itihas nakaraneh kona mhanatat qee holocast kadhihi jhaala nahee aanee teey asey qaa mhanatat?", 2002), aitihasik punarikshanvad aanee aitihasik nishedhavad yanchyatil farak, jyapaiki nantarcha prakar nakarvadacha eka prakar aahe. lipstad mhanale qee harry elmer barnsarkhe holocast nakarnare, aitihasik nondiche shaikshanik punaravalokan mhanoon tyanchya nakarnyala aspasht karnyasathi, 'aitihasik punarikshanvadi' mhanoon swatachi swatachi olakh patavatat.
asha prakare, lipstad, shermer aanee grobeman mhanale qee vaidh aitihasik punarikshanvadamadhye ekhadya aitihasik ghatanebaddal vidyaman dnyanache shuddhikaran samavisht aahe, ghatanecha incar nahee; itihasache asey parishkaran naveen, anubhavjanya puravyanchya tapasanitun aanee punha tapasani aanee parinami vidyaman mahitipatachya puravyancha punha arth lavnyane udbhavate. vaidh aitihasik punarikshanvad "nirvivad puravyanchya vishisht mandalache" astitva aanee "puravyanchya abhisaran" chey astitva manya karato, jeey soochit karate qee kaala mrutyu, american gulamgiri aanee holocast yasarkhi ghatana ghadali; tarr itihasacha nakarvad aitihasik puravyancha sampoorn paya nakarto, joou aitihasik nishedhvadacha eka prakar aahe.
prabhav.
itihaskaranvar kalantarane badaloo shakanare kahee prabhav khalilpramane aaheth
vishisht mudde.
andharache yug.
velsh, gelic aanee norse gatha yasarkhya lattin nasalelya granthanche vishleshan kele gele aahe aanee tyaa kalatil dnyanachya siddhantat jodale gele aahe aanee jitke adhik puratatviy purave samore aale aahet, titka kaala kalacha kalacha kalacha kalacha kalacha kalacha kalacha kalacha kalacha kalacha kalacha kalacha kalacha kalacha kalacha kalacha kalacha kalacha kalacha kalacha kalacha kalacha kalacha kalacha kalacha kalacha kalacha kalacha kalacha kalacha kalacha kalacha kalacha kalacha kalacha kalacha kalacha kalacha kalacha kalacha kalacha kalacha kalacha kalacha kalacha kalacha kalacha kalacha kalacha kalacha kalacha kalacha kalacha kalacha kalacha kalacha kalacha kalacha kalacha kalacha kalacha kalacha kalacha kalacha kalacha kalacha kalacha kalacha kalacha kalacha kalacha kalacha kalacha kalacha kalacha kalacha kalacha kalacha kalacha kalacha kalacha kalacha kalacha kalacha kalacha kalacha kalacha kalacha kalacha kalacha kalacha kalacha kalacha kalacha kalacha kalacha kalacha kalacha kalacha kalacha kalacha kaal haah kalacha kalacha kaala shivay, 'gadad' yaa shabdacha arth sanskruti aanee kayadyachi shoonyata qamee aahe, parantu europechya mukhya bhoobhagatil anek srot granthancha abhav aahe. yaa yugacha abhyas karnare anek aadhunik vidwan yaa shabdachya nakaratmak arthansathi yaa shabdache purnapane sevan talhtat aanee madhyayugatil konatyahi bhagasathi tee dishabhul karnari aanee chukichi asalyache manatat.
saranjamshahi.
saranjamshahichya sankalpanevar prashnachinh upasthit kele gele aahe. itihaskar elizabeth aaa. yanchya netrutvakhalil sanshodhanvadi vidwan. aar. braunane hii sandnya nakarli aahe.
egincourtchi ladhai.
itihaskaranche sarvasadharanpane asey mutt aahe qee egincourtchi ladhai hii eka ladhai hotee jyamadhye french sainyane chaar teey eka ashee sankhya jaast asalelya ingraji sainyane eka aashcharyakarak vijay midavala. hii samaj visheshtah shakespearechya 'heinry wii.' yaa natkane lokpriy kelee. tathapi, pradhyapak enee curry yanni nuktyach kelelya sanshodhanat, mool nondani nondi vaparoon, yaa vyakhyevar prashnachinh upasthit kele aahe. tiche sanshodhan jaree purn jhaale nasale taree tine tiche prarambhik nishkarsh prakashit kele aahet qee french lokanchi sankhya ingrajipeksha aanee velshchi sankhya keval 12,000 teey 8,000 itaki jaast hotee. jarr kharey asel tarr, ingrajanni deshbhaktichya karananmule yaa sankhyanchi atishayokti kelee asavi.
naveen jaagtik shodh aanee amerikeche european vasahatvad.
amerikechya europeey vasahatikaranache varnan kartana, bhootkalatil kahee itihasachya pustakanmadhye amerikechya sthanik lokankade farse laksh dile gele nahee, sahasa tyancha ullekh keval pudhe jaatana keela jaato aanee tyanchya drushtikonatun ghatana samajoon ghenyacha prayatna keela jaat nahee. amerikecha shodh lavana khristofar kolambasachya varnanat heey pratibimbit jhaale. tyanantar 'shodh' haah shabd talhanyasathi tyaa ghatananchya chitranat sudharana karnyat aalee aahe."
1990 saalee tyachya 'daad conquest auph paradise christopher columbus andd daad columbian legacy' yaa pustakamadhye, kirkpatrick selane assa yuktivad keela qee christopher columbus haah tyachya pahilya samudraparyatanapasun vijayavar cull asalela samrajyavadi hota. newyork timeschya pustak punaravalokanat, itihaskar aanee khristofar columbus quintainary jubali kamitiche sadasya william hardy mcneil yanni vikribaddal lihileh 
mcneilne vikriche kaam "awa aitihasik" asalyache ghoshit kele aahe, yaa arthane qee [teey] kolambasachya vastavik hetunchya aanee sanshodhakachya 20 vya shatkatil hetunshi julananya krutinchya varanvar dhagal nondinmadhun nivadte."mcneil mhanato qee kolambasache virodhak aanee samarthak eka prakarcha itihas sadar karatat [jeey] kolambasache ektar raktaranjit ogger kinwa plaster santmadhye rupantar karoon manvi vastavikatechi jatilata vyangchitrit karatat, jase qee prakaran asoo shakate."
kingcha navah itihas.
chinmadhil aanee paradeshatil itihaskaranni byanch kalapasoon lihile aahe qee, jyaa manchu lokanni chinavar vijay midavala aanee king rajvanshachi (1636-1912) sthapana kelee, tyanni tyanchya aadhichya hahn chiinii rajvanshachya pratha aanee sanstha swikarlya aanee tyanna 'synicised' mhanje chiinii sanskratit villin kele gele. 1990 madhye american itihaskaranni manchu bhasheche srot aanee navyane upalabdh asalelya shahee abhilekhancha shodh ghetala aanee asey aadhalale qee samratanni tyanchi manchu sanskruti kayam thewali aanee teey chinala tyanchya mothya samrajyacha keval eka bhag mhanoon yogya manatat. heey vidwan ekmekanmadhye bhinn aahet parantu king rajvanshachya itihasachya mothya punravloknavar sahmat aahet. 
napolean yuddhanmadhil french aakraman rachana.
lashkari itihaskar james aar. arnold tark detoh
argentinachi nagri yuddhe.
1861 chya uttaradhat argentinachya prajasattakachya ghoshanenantar, tyache pahile "vastavik" adhyaksh, bartolom mitra yanni, argentinache pahile aitihasik grunth lihileh "historiya dii belgrano vaay dii laa indipendencia argentine" aanee "historiya dii sann martin vaay dii laa emmincipacion sudamericana". jaree dalmacio velez sarsfield aanee juan bottista albardi yansarkhya kukhyat vicharvantanni aanee edolpho saldiyasasarkhya kahee sahakanyannihi yavar teeka kelee asali, taree doghanni 1893 madhye sthapan jhalelya rashtriy itihas akadamichya madhyamatoon, kaudilos aanee gauchos astitvat asoonahi, argentinachya itihasavar udarmatvadi-puranmatvadi purvagrah darshavila. 
hippolito irigoyenchya kattarpanthi nagri sangh sarkarchya kalat, itihaskaranni carlos dii 'emiko, ernesto kwesada aanee david peena yansarkhya virodhi-muslim rajkarnyanchya sanshodhanvadi drushtikonache anusaran kele aanee tyanche siddhant dardo corvallan mendilharasu yanchya aabhari akadamiparyant pohochale. peronvadi sarkarchya kalat argentinacha aitihasik sudharanavad tyachya shikharavar pohochu shakala. 2011 madhye, manuel dorrego national institute auph argentine andd iberoamerican aitihasik sanshodhanvadachi sthapana sanskruti sachivanni kelee hotee, parantu 21 vya shatkatil samajvadi aanee rashtravadi yanchyat haah eka tutalela prakar hota. mauritio macrichya udghatananantar teen aathvadyanni hii sanstha bund karnyat aalee.
pahile mahayuddha.
german aparadhi.
pahile mahayuddha suru karnyasathi germany doshi asalyache ghoshit karananya versails kararat namood kelelya rudhivadi vyakhyela pratisad mhanoon, 1920 chya dashkatil swa-varnan kelelya "sanshodhanvadi" itihaskaranni rudhivadi drushtikon nakarla aanee eka jatil kaaran sadar kele jyamadhye itar anek desh titkech doshi hote. vidvananmadhye tivra vadavivad suru aahe.
garib british aanee french lashkari netrutva.
pahilya mahayuddhadarmyan british sainyachya lashkari netrutvala yuddh sampalyanantar anek dashake itihaskar aanee rajkarnyanni garib mhanoon varanvar nishedh keela. samanya aarop asey hote qee sainyache netrutva karnare senapati khandak yuddhachya vastavikatekade aandhale hote, tyanchya mansanchya paristhitibaddal anbhidnya hote aanee tyanchya chukanpasoon shiku shakat navhate, tyamule mothya sankhyene jivitahani jhaali ('gadhavanchya netrutvakhalil sinh'). tathapi, 1960 chya dashakat, johnn terrensarkhya itihaskaranni tyaa vyakhyela aavhan denyas suruvat kelee. alikadachya varshant, naveen kagadpatre samore aalee aahet aanee kalantarane adhik vastunishtha vishleshanas parvanagi midali aahe, garry dii. sarkhya itihaskaranni. shafield aanee richard homes yanche nirikshan aahe qee paschim aaghadivaril british sainyachya lashkari netrutvala, jeey teey niyantrit karoo shakat navhate asha anek samasyanna samore jaave lagale, jase qee purese lashkari sanvad nasane, jeey ghadale navhate. shivay, sampoorn yuddhadarmyan lashkari netrutva sudharle, jyachi parinati 1918 madhye vijayasathichya shambhar divasanchya aakramak pragatimadhye jhaali. kahee itihaskar, agadi sanshodhanvadi dekhil ajunahi british hikemandver tivra teeka karatat parantu moorkh adhikadhyanchya netrutvakhalil shoor sainyasah yuddhala sopya paddhatine chitrit karnyas qamee cull dakhavtat.
anthany kletansarkhya itihaskaranchya yogdanasah yuddhadarmyan french sainyababat ashich chalval jhaali aahe. french general ferdinand phoch, british general douglus hegg aanee american johnn persing yansarkhya itar vyaktinsarkhya senapatinkade, sanshodhanvadi sahanubhootichya najarene pahanyachi shakyata jaast aahe.
united statesmadhil punarrachana.
amerikechya punarrachanechya kalatil sanshodhanvadi itihaskaranni, kalya american lokanna galichyachya pishavya lavnare vapartat asey sanganari prabhavi chalbaaz shaala nakarli aanee tyaeivaji uttarekadil vyavsayikanchya aarthik lobhavar bharr deela. kharey tarr, alikadchya varshant eka 'nava-nirmulanvadi' punarikshanvad manak banala aahe; too vanshik dhorananvar teeka karnyasathi 19 vya shatkatil nirmulanvadyanchya vanshik samanatechya naitik manakancha vapar karato. "fonnerche pustak paripakv aanee sthayik sanshodhanvadi drushtikonache pratinidhitva karate", itihaskar michael parmanan yanni erich fonnerchya "reconstruction americas unfinit revolution, 1863-1877" (1988) baddal nishkarsh kadhala aahe.
american vyavasay aanee "darodekhor barrence".
american vyavasay aanee kathit 'darodekhor sardar' yanchya bhoomikemadhye 1930 chya dashakat sudharana houu lagali. gabriel colco yanni 'vyavasay punarikshanvad' mhanoon sambodhale, elon navins aanee nantar alfried dii. chandlerne purvi khalanayakachya rupat chitrit kelelya vyaktinchya sakaratmak yogdanavar bharr deela. pieter novic lihitat, "darodekhor sardaranchya naitik aparadhanhun kahihi mothe asale taree, american lashkari [aanee audhyogik] parakramatil tyanchya nirnayak yogdanamule teey khoop mothe hote, assa yuktivad elon navinsney varanvar keela."
stallinchya kalat soviet unionmadhye jaast mrutyudar.
soviet unionche patan honyapurvi aanee abhilekheey prakatikaran honyapurvi, pashchatya itihaskaranni andaj vartavala hota qee stallinchya rajvatit marle gelele lock 2 kotee kinwa tyahoon adhik hote. soviet union visarjit jhalyanantar, soviet sangrahatil purave dekhil upalabdh jhaale aanee tyanni ashee mahitee dilee jyamule stallin rajvatichya mrutyuchya aakadevarichya andajat lakshaniy sudharana jhaali, jyacha andaj 30 laakh teey 90 lakhanchya darmyan hota.
dusare mahayuddha ghadavalyabaddal dosharop.
rudhivadi vyakhyene nazi germany aanee shahee japanla yuddh ghadavanyasathi doshi tharavale. dusya mahayuddhache sanshodhanvadi itihaskar, visheshtah charles aaa. 1940 aanee 1941 madhye japanvar khoop dabav takalyamule aanee tadjod nakarlyamule, america anshatah doshi asalyache dadhine mhatale. yaa charchetil itar ullekhaneey yogdananmadhye charles tansil, 'back door too warr' (shikago, 1952); fredrick sanborne, 'design phaur warr' (newyork, 1951); aanee david hoggen, 'daad forced warr' (costa messa, 1989) yancha samavesh aahe. british itihaskar aaa. jeey. pii. hitler haah eka aprabhavi aanee ananubhavi mutsaddi hota aanee tyane janivpurvak mahayuddha ghadavanyacha prayatna keela navhata, assa yuktivad karat tellarne aag vizavali.
patrick buchanan, eka american paleoconservative pandit, yanni assa yuktivad keela qee 1939 madheel anglo-french hameene polandala danzigvar tadjod naan karnyas protsahit kele. tyanni pudhe yuktivad keela qee britton aanee france polandachya madatila yenyachya sthiteet naheet aanee tyaa badalyat hitler polsna yutee deu karat hota. buchanan yanni assa yuktivad keela qee hamimule polland sarkarne eka kirkol seema vivadache mothya jaagtik sangharshat rupantar kele aanee pollands purv europe stallinchya tabyat deela. buchananne assa yuktivad keela qee yaa hamimule deshavar akheris soviet unionche aakraman hoil heey sunishchit hote, kaaran stallinla mahit hote qee british tyanchya lashkari kamkuvatpanamule 1939 madhye soviet unionver yuddh ghoshit karnyachya sthiteet navhate.
hiroshima aanee nagasakivar anubomb takane.
hiroshima aanee nagasakichya anubombasfotanmule vaad aanee vaad nirman jhaale aahet. jyaa itihaskaranni dusya mahayuddhachya samaptisathi japani lokanna sharanagati patkarnyas bhag padnyasathi anubomb takanyache samarthan karnyacha rashtradhyaksh harry trumancha yuktivad swikarla, tyanna 'orthodox' mhanoon olakhale jaate, tarr 'sanshodhanvadi' samanyatah bomb aavashyak hote heey nakartat. kahincha assa dawa aahe qee trumanla mahit hote qee teey aavashyak navhate parantu soviet unionver dabav aanayacha hota. heey itihaskar shityuddha suru karnyasathi trumanchya nirnayakade eka pramukh ghatak mhanoon pahatat. teey aanee itar lock asehi aarop karoo shakatat qee trumanne mrutanchya andajakade durlaksh kele kinwa qamee lekhale.
shityuddha.
itihaskar shityuddhachi karane aanee jababdari yavar vadavivad karatat. rudhivadi" drushtikon soviet unionver motha dosh takto, tarr "sanshodhanvadi" drushtikon united stateswar adhik jababdari takto. 
vietnam yuddh.
"gainter leevi yanni lihilele 'america inn vietnam' (1978) heey aitihasik punarikshanvadache eka udaharan aahe, jeey amerikechya lokpriy drushtikonapeksha barech vegale aahe.ess. vietnam yuddhat (1955-75) jyavar lekhakachi teeka karnyat aalee aanee vietnam yuddhachya itihasavaril sanshodhanvadi shaleshi sambandhit asalyabaddal tyala pathimba denyat aala. leviche punarvyakhyan heey bhoo-rajkiy bhoomika aanee yu. ess. baddalchya sanshodhanvadi shalechya itihaskaranchya kamache pahile pustak hote.ess. vhietanammadhil lashkari vartan.
parichayat, leevi mhanalah
yuu. chya aitihasik nondiche itar punarvyakhyane.ess. american vartanasathi paryayi spashtikaran denanya vhietanammadhil yuddhamadhye, norman podorates yanni lihilele 'aamhi vhietanammadhye qaa aahot' (1982), 'vijay sodoon dilyacheh vietnam yuddh' (2006), marqa moyer yanni lihilele aanee michael lind yanni lihilele 'vhietnamah aavashyak yuddh' (1999) yancha samavesh aahe.
kalanukramik punarikshanvad.
aadhunik kalkramanusar paya manavtavadi joseph scaliger yane ghatala hota heey samanyatah manya kele jaate. isaq newtonne tyachya 'pracheen rajyancha kalkram' yaa pustakat 'scaligerian kalkram' madhye sudharana karnyacha pahila prayatna keela. visavya shatkat emmanuel velikovskyche 'sudharit kalkram' yaa dishene olakhale jaau shakate, kadachit tyane kalkramatil punaravalokanat naveen vyapak swarsyachi laat suru kelee. naveen kalkram" yaa shikshavisharad anatoli fomenko yanni yuganchi prastavit punaravrutti kelelya sahityat, jaree mukhya pravahatil vidvananni chhadmavidnyan mhanoon mothya pramanat nakarle asale, taree kahee shatakanpurvi khrishchan jagaat vaparlya jaananya dindarshikanmadhye purak sahasrabdichi bharr darshavina tarkhansah anek junya aitihasik pratima darshavilya aahet.
sarvasadharanpane, anek jawalpas-shaikshanik sanshodhanvadi kalkramanusar siddhant khrishchan yugacha kalavadhi ardha karnyache suchavatat kinwa kahee aitihasik kalkhandanna chukiche kalbaddha manatat, jase qee herribert iligache 'fantum time hypothesis'. tyach velee, samkalin bigger-shaikshanik sanshodhak anekada adhik aamulagra punaravrutti prastavit karatat. udaharanarth, sanshodhanvadichya kalkramanusar punarrachaneche model sampoorn dnyat likhit itihas anek shatkanparyant qamee karate. tyach velee, itar bigger-shaikshanik sanshodhanvadi, sarvajanikaritya upalabdh asalelya strotanmule, joseph scaligerchya swatachya vyaktichya aitihasik vishvasarhatevar prashnachinh upasthit karatat.
sandarbh.
mahitipurn nondi
sandarbh
pudhil vachan