isozyme

jaivarsayanshastrat, isozymes (isoenzymes mhanoon dekhil olakhale jaatat kinwa samanyatah enzymesche anek prakar mhanoon olakhale jaatat) heey enzymes aahet jeey amino aesidchya kramane bhinn asatat parantu samaan rasayanik pratikriyes utprerit karatat. isozymesche samanyatah vegvegale gatiman mapdand asatat (udaa.jee. bhinn "keey" emm moolye), kinwa vegalya prakare niyantrit kelee jaatat. teey dilelya uutinchya kinwa vikasachya tappyachya vishisht garja purn karnyasathi chayapachayala bareek-tuning karnyas anumati detat.
anek prakarananmadhye, samasutrak heey samaroop janukandware encode kele jaatat, jeey kalantarane vegale jhaale aahet. katekorpane sangayache tarr, samaan pratikriyes utprerit karnare vegvegale amino acid anukram asalele enzymes heey vegvegalya janukandware encode kelele isozymes asatat kinwa ekach janukatil vegvegalya elildware encode kelele allosymes asatat; donhi sandnya anekada paraspar badalalya jaatat.
parichay.
isozymesche varnan pratham aar dware kele gele. ell. shikari aanee clement markert (1957) jyanni tyanchi vyakhya "ekach enzymeche vegvegale prakar, jeey samaan karye karatat aanee ekach vyaktimadhye upasthit asatat" ashee kelee. yaa vyakhyemadhye (1) vividh janukanche utpadan asalele aanee asha prakare bhinn sthananche pratinidhitva karnare (isozymes mhanoon varnan kelele) aanee (2) ekach janukatil vegvegalya eleelche utpadan asalele ('allosymes' mhanoon varnan kelele) enzymes samavisht aahet.
isozymes heey samanyatah janukanchya nakkalincha parinam asatat, parantu polyploidisation kinwa nuclic acid sankaranatun dekhil udbhavu shakatat. utkrantichya kalat, jarr naveen prakarache karya mool prakarasarkhech rahile, tarr utparivartan jamaa hott asatana eka kinwa dusare nasht honyachi shakyata aahe, parinami eka chhadmajan tayar hoil. tathapi, jarr utparivartan enzymela karya karnyapasoon tabadtob rokhat nasel, parantu tyaeivaji ektar tyache karya kinwa tyachya abhivyaktichya namunyat badal kele tarr donhi prakar naisargik nivadidvare anukool asoo shakatat aanee vegvegalya karyanmadhye visheshikrut houu shakatat. udaharanarth, teey vikasachya vegvegalya tappyanvar kinwa vegvegalya uutinmadhye vyakt kele jaau shakatat.
bindu utparivartananmule kinwa janukanchya coding kramavar parinam parinam antarbhut-vilopan (indell) ghatananmule allosymes udbhavu shakatat. itar konatyahi naveen utparivartananpramanech, naveen allozymechya babatit teen goshti ghadu shakatatah
udaharane.
samayugmache eka udaharan mhanje glucokinez, hexokinezcha eka prakar joou glucose 6-phosphetdware pratibandhit keela jaat nahee. tyachi vividh niyamak vaishishtye aanee glukojsathi qamee aakarshan (itar hexokinesseschya tulanet), tyala vishisht avyavanchya peshinmadhye vividh karye karnyas anumati dete, jase qee swadupindachya beeta peshindware insulin sodanyache niyantran kinwa yakrut peshindware glycogen sanshleshan suru karane. jevha glucose mubalak pramanat asel tevhach yaa donhi prakriya ghadalya pahijet.
1.) lactate dehydrogenase heey etch-form aanee emm-form yaa done vegvegalya up-ekkanpasoon banalele eka tetramer aahe. uutinvar avalambun heey vegvegalya sanyoganmadhye ekatra yetatah
2.) creatine phosphokinage isoenzymes creatine keynage (see. keey.) kinwa creatine phosphokinase (see. pii. keey.) phospho creatineche creatinemadhye aantarparivartan utprerit karate.
see. pii. keey. 3 isoenzymesmadhye astitvat aahe. pratyek isoenzymes heey 2 upghatak emm (snayu), bii (mendu) kinwa donhiche diamer asate.
3.) alkadharmi phosphateche isoenzymes sahaa isoenzymes olakhale gele aahet. enzyme eka monomer aahe, isoenzymes carbohydrate samagritil farkanmule (siyalik acid avashesh) aahet. sarvat mahatvache aalp isoenzymes mhanje α1-alp, α2-ushnata labil aalp, α2-ushnata sthir aalp, prii-beeta aalp aanee γ-alp. α2-ushnata labil aalpmadhye vaadh hii hipatities soochit karate tarr prii-beeta aalp hadansambandhi rog soochit karate.
isozymes vegale karane.
isozymes (aanee allosymes) heey ekach enzymeche prakar aahet. joparyant teey tyanchya jaivarasayanik gunadharmanmadhye samaan nasatat, udaharanarth tyanche thurr aanee enzyme kinetics, teey jaivarasayanik chachanidware vegale kele jaau shakatat. tathapi, asey farak sahasa sookshm asatat, visheshtah "allosymes" madhye jeey anekada tatasth prakar asatat. hii sookshmata apekshit aahe, kaaran tyanchya karyat lakshaniy farak asalelya done enzymesna "isozymes" mhanoon olakhale jaanyachi shakyata nahee.
isozymes karyat jawaljawal samaan asoo shakatat, parantu teey itar marganni bhinn asoo shakatat. visheshtah, enzymeche vidyutbhar badalanare amino acidche paryay jail electroforesisdware olakhane sope aahe aanee heey isozymeschya aanvik chinhak mhanoon vaparasathi aadhar tayar karate. isozymes olakhanyasathi, prani kinwa vanaspatinchya uutinna ark kadhanyachya buffers daloon kachcha prathin ark tayar keela jaato aanee arkatil ghatak jail electroforesisdware tyanchya charjanusar vegale kele jaatat. aitihasikdrushtya, heey sahasa batatyachya starchpasoon banavalelya jailcha vapar karoon kele gele aahe, parantu acrylamide jail adhik changle resolution pradan karatat.
uutinmadhil serve prathine jailmadhye asatat, jenekarun vaiyaktik enzymeschi olakh tyanchya karyala daag pratikriyeshi pratikriyeshi chachanicha vapar karoon kelee jaane aavashyak aahe. udaharanarth, tetrazolium ksharasarkhya vidravya nirdeshak ranganchya sthanik parjanyamanavar shodh lavala jaau shakato, jeey enzyme kriyakalapanchya kshetranmadhye nirman vikasit nad kinwa nadp sarkhya sahghatakanni qamee kelyavar aghulansheel hotat. yaa parikshan paddhatisathi aavashyak aahe qee vegale jhalyanantarhi (native jail electrophoresis) enzymes karyarat aahet aanee prayogshaleche tantra mhanoon isozymes vaparane sarvat mothe aavhan pradan karate.
isoenzymes gatishastrat bhinn asatat (tyanchi "keey" emm aanee vhee. max moolye bhinn asatat).
isozymes aanee allosymes heey aanvik chinhak mhanoon.
loksankhyeche anuvanshashastra haah moolatah loksankhyemadhye aanee loksankhyemadhye anuvanshik bhinnatechi karane aanee parinamancha abhyas aahe aanee purvi, yaa uddeshasathi isozymes heey sarvat mothya pramanat vaparale jaanare aanvik chinhakanpaiki eka hote. jaree aata adhik mahitipurn dii. aine. aii.-aadharit drushtikonandware (jase qee thet dii. aine. aii. anukraman, ekal nucleotide bahurupata aanee sookshm upgrah) tyanchi jaaga ghetali gelee asali taree, tyaa ajunahi vikasit vikasit sarvat jalad aanee swast marker pranalinpaiki aahet aanee () keval anuvanshik bhinnatechi qamee patali olakhanyachi aavashyakta asalelya prakalpansathi eka utkrusht paryay aahet, udaa.jee. samagam pranalinche praman nishchit karane.

