
bhikshu

bhikshuk (pasoon, "bheek magane") mhanje joou bhikshavrutti karato, jaganyasathi pramukhyane kinwa keval dandharmavar avalambun asato. tattvatah, bhikshu dharmik sansthankade vaiyaktikaritya kinwa ektritpane thodi malmatta asate aanee anek prakarananmadhye sadasyanni daridryachi shapath ghetali aahe, jenekarun tyancha serve vel aanee shakti tyanchya sambandhit shraddheche palan karnyasathi, samajachi seva karnyasathi kharch karata yeil.
bhikshavrutti haah tapasvipanacha eka prakar aahe, visheshtah pashchimatya khrishchan dharmat. purvekadil khrishchan dharmat, kahee tapasvi lokanna khristasathi moorkh mhanoon sambodhale jaate, jyamadhye teey adhik purnapane khrishchan jeevan jaganyachya prayatnat samajachya paramparecha nishedh karatat.
dharmik pratha.
anek dharmik panth bhikshunchya jivanshailiche palan karatat, jyat catholic bhikshu, hindu tapasvi, islamche kahee soofi darvesh aanee jaine aanee bauddha dharmachya mathanchya aadeshancha samavesh aahe.
bauddha dharmatil bhikshu haah mool prakarcha bhikshu asala taree bharatiy hindu dharm aanee bharatiy dharmik parampara swikaranaya deshanmadhye tyancha pradirgh itihas aahe, parantu teey uchch madhyayugaparyant khrishchan dharmat vyapak jhaale navhate. "yatrekarucha marg' haah purvekadil khrishchan bhikshuchya jivanache chitran karato.
khrishchan dharm.
roman catholickwad.
suruvatichya lattin vidhee charchmadhye, bhikshu aanee bhraman karananya pracharkankade tuchchh najarene pahile jaat asey aanee tyanche upadesh dadapun takale jaat hote. sant benediktachya rajvatit, narsiacha benedict asha pravasi bhikshunna gyroveg mhanoon sambodhat asey aanee tyanchyavar tyanchya ichchet dhokadaykaritya guntalyacha aarop karat asey. yaa vartanachi nakaratmak tulana senobite kinwa anchrite mathvadachya sthir swarupashi kelee gelee.
13vya shatkachya suruvatila, catholic charchmadhye bhikshunchya upkramanche punarujjivan disun aale, kaaran asisiche sant francis aanee sant dominic yanche anuyayi gavanmadhye upadesh kartana annasathi bheek magat asat. yaa purushanna mathvasi jivanacha eka catholic prakar sapadala jyala bhikshu aadesh mhanatat. yaa aadnya adhik shaktishali aanee adhik puranmatvadi, benedictines aanee systersiansarkhya mathanchya aadeshanchya agadi viruddha hotya.
bhikshunchya aadeshanche pravasi pracharak, janivpurvak yeshu aanee baaraa shishyanpramane swatahla ghadavat, suvartecha prachar karnyasathi shaharatoon shaharaparyant pravas karat asat. triaste vidyapithatil pradhyapak giacomo todeskini yanni yaa bhikshunche varnan khaleel prakare kele aaheh
itar khrishchan.
pashchatya charchchya ulat, purvekadil khrishchananni kadhihi bhikshunchya aadeshanitke mathvadache roop nirman kele nahee. tyaeivaji, serve rudhivadi bhikshu aanee nun sant tulshichya adhik paramparikaritya mathanchya rajvatiche palan karatat. tathapi, khristasathichya murkhpanachya samanya abhivyaktindware dushtabuddhi ajunahi mool shodhate.
protestantvadamadhye tapasvi pratha sodoon deunahi, bhikshuk-shailicha prachar ajunahi tyapasoon swatantrapane suru jhaala aahe. american paddhatvadi ekekali circuit ryders mhanoon olakhalya jaananya pravas karananya pracharkansathi olakhale jaat asat. aanakhi eka udaharan mhanje johnny appleseed, eka sweedenbergian pravasi upadeshak, joou akheris american lock nayak mhanoon udayas aala.
bauddha dharm.
bauddha dharm haah pracheen bharatatil anek dharmik paramparanpaiki eka aahe, jyachi bhikshavadachi pratha prasthapit aahe. aagney aashiyatil thervad parampareche bhikshu buddhane tharavalyapramane dandharm palat rahatat (sanskrut aanee palih "pindapat"). vishvasoo lokankadoon ann ghetale jaate aanee sanghatil serve sadasyanmadhye samaan pramanat vibhagale jaate.
bauddha aanee khrishchan bhikshukanmadhil eka motha farak mhanje sharirik shramachi samarthanache sadhan mhanoon samaj. anek bauddha samudayanni bhikshunsathi maryadit swarupache shram tayar kele asale taree, bauddha bhikshune dharmnirpeksh babinpasoon door rahile pahije ashee samaj dekhil astitvat aahe. shishtachar aanee swikararh upajivikeche yapaiki anek niyam anek shalanchya vinay sahityat jatan kele aahet. samanya lock aanee samanya mahilanchya kamat sanghache visarjan heey dekhil yenanya sankatache lakshan asalyache manale jaate.
thervad.
bauddha dharmachya mathanchya shistit bhikshu aanee nansathichya vartanukichya aanee upajivikechya sanhitecha tapasheel aahe, jyat bhikshukatvacha sarav kassa karava yachya anek tapashilancha samavesh aahe. paramparikaritya, bhikshu, ann, kapade, rahanyachi soya aanee aushadh yaa chaar aavashyak goshtinvar avalambun hote, jyanna jaganyasathi 'chaar aavashyakta' mhatale gele aahe. thervad vinaymadhye mhatalyapramaneh
"poshakhacha yogya vichar karata, mea tyacha vapar karatoh fakt thandipasoon door thevanyasathi, ushnata door thevanyasathi, masha, dasancha sparsh talhanyasathi, keval sharirache lajirvane bhag jhakanyachya uddeshane.
"danbhojanacha yogya vichar karoon, mea tyacha vapar karatoh khelkarpane nahee, naan madak padarthansathi, naan vajan vadhavanyasathi, naan saundaryavardhanasathi; parantu fakt yaa sharirache astitva aanee satatya rakhanyasathi, tyache dukkh sampavanyasathi, shuddha jivanachya aadharasathi, (vichar karoon) mea junya bhavna nasht karen (upasamarichya) aanee naveen bhavna nirman karnar nahee (atikhadyamule). asha prakare mea swatahla sambhalen, nirdosh raheen aanee aaramat jagen.
"rahanyacha yogya vichar karata, mea tyacha vapar karatoh fakt thandi talhanyasathi, ushnata talhanyasathi, masha, daas, vaara, surya aanee sarpatananya pranyancha sparsh talhanyasathi; fakt havamanachya visangatipasun sanrakshanasathi aanee ektepanacha anand ghenyasathi.
"aajari lokanna barey karnyasathichya aushadhi aavashyaktancha yogya prakare vichar karoon, mea tyancha vapar karatoh fakt udbhavalelya aajarachya konatyahi vedna door karnyasathi aanee rogapasoon jastit jaast muktisathi."
yavyatirikt, bhikshuchi vaiyaktik malmatta dekhil maryadit hotee. thervad parampara aath aavashyak goshti (palih "anha parikhara") manya karateh
bhashya sahitya paristhitivar aadharit atirikt malmatta pradan karate.
japani bauddha dharm.
chinmadhil bauddha dharmachya vikasapramanech, buddhanchya kalat kelyapramane japani lock varanvar bhiksha dett nasey. mathanna shetkari shetkyandvare kaam kelelya jaminichi denagi milat asey, jee jiwant bhikshunna niyamitpane samudayik bhojan puravat asat.
tathapi, japanmadhye pramukhyane zena bauddha dharmat, kadhikadhi pindapat palala jaato. bhikshavrutti karananya bhikshunmadhye bambuchi topi, pandhya leggings aanee pendha padatrane ghalanyacha cull asato, jeey paramparikaritya bhraman karananya bhikshunni paridhan kele aahe. gatanmadhye bhiksha karnyasathi jaatana, bhikshu eka ola tayar kartil aanee 'huu' (kayada, shabdik shabd) yaa vakyacha aardaorda karoon shaharat firtil. "dharmacha paus") tyanchya upasthitichi ghoshana karnyasathi.
islam.
muslimanmadhye, visheshtah uttar nigeriamadhye, almaziri navache bhikshu aahet, jeey bahutansh 5 teey 18 varshe vayogatatil mule aahet, jeey udarnirvahasathi bheek magat asatana shaharanmadhye kuran shikat aahet. almaziri vyatirikt, uttar nigeriamadhye, joou pramukhyane muslim pradesh aahe, tethe anek bhikari aahet jeey almaziri asane aavashyak nahee. yamadhye andh aanee agadi vruddha niradhar asha sharirik apangatva asalelya lokancha samavesh aahe.