anaupacharik shikshan

anaupacharik shikshan heey "shikanyachya sandarbhat, shikanyas pathimba, shikanyachi vel aanee shikanyachi uddishte yanchya drushtine qamee pramanat niyojan aanee aayojan" dware darshavile jaate. heey aupcharik shikshan, anaupacharik shikshan aanee swayam-niyantrit shikshan yapeksha vegale aahe, kaaran shikanyachya parinamanchya babatit tyache konatehi nishchit uddisht nahee, tarr jarachyyaa drushtikonatun karya karnyacha hetu aahe (udaa.jee., samasya sodavanyasathi). anaupacharik shikshanachya vishisht yantrananmadhye chachani aanee truti kinwa shikane-karoon, modelling, abhipray aanee pratibimb yancha samavesh hoto. vidyarthyansathi yaat bhasha nirman karane, samajikaran, sanskratikaran aanee khel yancha samavesh aahe. anaupacharik shikshan hii dnyananirmitidware sahbhagadvare kinwa shikanyachya madhyamatoon shikanyachi eka vyapak chaloo asaleli ghatana aahe, jee dnyan sampadanadvare shikshak-kendrit shikshanachya paramparik drushtikonachya ulat aahe. andajanusar, praudh shikshanatil sumare 1% takke anaupacharik aanee shaikshanik sansthanchya baher hote.
tathapi, hii sandnya anekada anaupacharik shikshan aanee swayam-nirdeshit shikshanasah misalali jaate. guntavanukivaril paratava (aar. oo. aay.) kinwa shikshanavaril paratava (roll) yaa sandarbhat corporate prashikshan aanee shikshanachya sandarbhat yacha mothya pramanat vapar keela jaato. vidnyan shikshanacha sandarbh detana, nagrik vidnyan kinwa anaupacharik vidnyan shikshanachya sandarbhat dekhil yacha mothya pramanavar vapar keela jaato. anaupacharik aanee anaupacharik shikshanacha ektrit arth, paramparik prashikshakanchya netrutvakhalil karyakramanchya kshetrabaher, udaa., vyavasthitpane vyavasthitpane shikshanachya yantrananche spashtikaran karato.jee.swayam-nivadaleli pustake vachane, swayam-abhyas karyakramanmadhye bhag ghene, kamgiri samarthan sahitya aanee pranalinche navigate karane, aanushangik kaushalya sarav, prashikshan kinwa margdarshanachi grahansheelata, samvayaskankadun sallah ghene kinwa sarav samudayanmadhye sahbhag ghene, ashee kahee nave aahet. jyaa samudayanmadhye vyaktinna samajik upkramanche nirikshan karanyachi aanee tyat sahbhagi honyachi sandhee milate, tethe anaupacharik shikshan samanya aahe. uddhrut kelelya anaupacharik shikshanachya fayadhyanmadhye lavchikta aanee shikanyachya garjanshi julavun ghene, shikanyache pratyaksh vyavharat hastantaran aanee (kamashi sambandhit) samasyanche jalad nirakaran yancha samavesh hoto. hoto kamgiri sudharanyasathi, karya amalbajavani haah shikshanacha sarvat mahattvacha srot manla jaato.
varnane.
anaupacharik shikshan khalilpramane darshavile jaau shakateh
itihas.
anaupacharik shikshanacha ugam johnn deway yanchya anubhavatoon shikanyachya siddhantandware shodhala gela aahe. american tatvadnyani merrie parker follet yanni shalepasoon dainandin jivanachya serve kshetranparyant anaupacharik shikshanacha sandarbh vistrut keela aanee shikshanache varnan eka nirantar jeevan karya asey kele. davie aanee follet, american shikshak edward see. yanchya yaa karyavar aadharit. lindemanne pahilyanda 'anaupacharik shikshan' haah shabd vaparla. 1950 madhye 'anaupacharik praudh shikshan' heey tyanche karya prakashit kelyavar malcum nolls yanni nantar hii sandnya mandali.
suruvatila, anaupacharik shikshan heey keval aupcharik shaley shikshan aanee abhyaskramanmadhil anaupacharik shikshanapasun maryadit hote. marcic aanee watkins haah drushtikon swikartat aanee tyanchya vyakhyet eka paul pudhe jaatat. teey dekhil, shikanyachya sanghatanatmak prakarapasoon suruvat karatat aanee jyaa anaupacharik aahet kinwa aupcharikpane aayojit naheet aanee sansthandvare vittapuravatha kelya jaat naheet asha shikanyachya prakriyanna anaupacharik mhanatat. vyapak drushtikonache eka udaharan mhanje livingstonechi vyakhya jee swayam-nirdeshit aanee swayam-nirdeshit shikshanakade kendrit aahe aanee vidyarthyachya shikanyachya prakriyechya swayam-vyakhyevar vishesh bharr dete. livingstone spasht kele qee spasht anaupacharik shikshan heey maun anaupacharik shikshan aanee samajikaran yapasoon yaa arthane vegale aahe qee vyakti yaa vatavaranat shiku ichchite aanee swatahla paristhitit thevun kinwa itaranshi guntavoon tyasathi paristhiti nirman karate jenekarun shikshan shakya hoil.
anaupacharik aanee anaupacharik shikshanamadhil farak.
varr namood kelyapramane, anaupacharik shikshan heey anekada anaupacharik shikshanasah gondhaloon jaate. anaupacharik shikshanacha vapar anekada aupcharik shikshan vyavasthebaheril sanghatit shikshanache varnan karnyasathi keela gela aahe, ektar alpakalin, aichchhik aanee kahee asalyas, purvatati asalelya. tathapi, tyanchyakade samanyatah abhyaskram asato aanee anekada suvidha denara asato. anaupacharik shikshan prushthavar namood kelyapramane, anaupacharik shikshan heey jaltaran dhade, samuday-aadharit creeda karyakram aanee parishad shaili charchasatre yasarkhya vividh sanrachit shikshan paristhitinmadhye pahile jaau shakate.
decius 2020 chya karyat asey namood kele aahe qee anaupacharik shikshan haah adhikatar eka gaun prakarcha aupcharik shikshan aahe aanee anaupacharik shikshanasarkhe qamee aahe, khaleel udaharan vaparunah eka vidyarthi swechhene praudh shikshan abhyaskramat sahbhagi houn anaupacharik paddhatine bhasha kaushalye prapt karel. aavashyaktanchya patalinusar, rachana, aashay aanee shikanyachya samarthanachya babatit heey tulanatmak aupcharik vidyapith abhyaskramapeksha thode vegale asel kinwa ajibat nahee. yethe farak aevadhach aahe qee vidyarthi tyanchya "nokri" (abhyas) chaa bhag mhanoon abhyaskramat upasthit rahatat, parantu aichchhik vidyarthi tyachya kinwa tichya mokalya velet upasthit rahato. asha prakare, aupcharik aanee anaupacharik shikshanamadhil apekshit farak haah samajik-manak aahe-shikane-saiddhantik nahee-seemankan.
dusra drushtikon.
marrium aanee itar. 2007 madhye mhatleh
2012 madhye, benetne anaupacharik shikshanachya chaar paddhatinchi shifaras karoon anaupacharik shikshanachya 2000 pasoon shyugurenskichya sankalpanecha vistar kelah
antarnihit prakriya sahityavar aadharit, tine ekatmik shikshanachi vyakhya pudhe ashee kelee qee "eka ashee shikshan prakriya jee jaanunbujun supt dnyanachya janivpurvak nasalelya prakriyes shikanyachi utpadane aanee mansik pratimanparyant janivpurvak praveshasah ektrit karate" aanee tine done sambhavya up-prakriya siddhantit kelyah dnyan hastantaran aanee dnyan udattikaran, jeey maryadit pravesh jarannaa maun dnyan asane aavashyak aahe.
tathapi, anaupacharik shikshan heey gair-hetupurvak dekhil asoo shakate hii dharana anaupacharik shikshanachya alikadil vyakhyanshi visangat aahe. aanushangik shikshanapasun arthpurn farak karnyasathi, vidvananni assa yuktivad keela qee anaupacharik shikshanakade eka janivpurvak prakriya mhanoon pahile jaau shakate, parantu jyamadhye vidyarthi shikanyache dhyey nishchit karat nahee, tarr krutee karnyacha hetu asato. yaulat, jarr jarr vyaktichya manat shikanyache dhyey asel aanee too swatantrapane uddisht sadhya karnyavar laksh thevato, tarr teey swayam-niyantrit shikshan aahe.
american sthanik samudayanmadhye.
americetil anek sthanik samudayanmadhil lock anekada tyanchya sambandhit samudayanchya aanee kutumbanchya dainandin jivanatil nirikshan aanee sahbhagadvare shikatat. barbara rogoff, manasshastrachi pradhyapika aanee tiche sahkari, sthanik samudayatil mule samudayik prayatnanche nirikshan karoon aanee tyat bhag gheuun, yogdan denyachi utsukata balgoon, maulyavan bhoomika purn karoon aanee tyanchya samajat ekatmatechi bhavna shodhun konatya marganni shiku shakatat yache varnan karatat. heey shikanyache anubhav mulancha samajat samavesh aanee mulachya lakshavar avalambun asatat. anaupacharik shikshanacha haah prakar mulanna samajik prayatnanmadhye sahkarya karnyas anumati deto, jyamule mulala tyat sahbhagi houn shikanyachi sandhee milate.
aekhadyachi sanskruti aanee samudayatil samajikaran prakriyedvare shikshan hote. nirikshan karoon aanee lopimadhye ghusun shikane heey americetil anek sthanik samudayanmadhye anekada disanare eka anaupacharik shikshan model aahe. samajatil anek dainandin upkramanmadhye praudhansobat mulehi sahbhagi hotana disatat. eka udaharan mhanje ashee prakriya jithe mule paristhitimadhye upasthit rahoon aanee shakya asel tevha yogdan deuun kapani aanee jaalani shetee shikatat. mulancha swatacha pudhakar aanee gharanchya fayadhyasathi kaame karanyachi jababdari swikarane heey lakshaniy aahe. anek sthanik samuday mulanna swa-gatichya sandhee pradan karatat aanee palakanchya jabardastishivay shodh aanee shikshanas parvanagi detat. sahyogi yogdanala khoop protsahan dile jaate aanee tyache moolya aahe. mule aanee praudh doghehi samayik prayatnanmadhye sakriyapane sahbhagi hotat. vidyarthi aanee tadnya mhanoon tyanchya bhoomika lavchik asatat, tarr nirikshak sakriy ekagratene sahbhagi hoto. shikanyachya swadeshi paddhatinmadhye nirikshan, anubhavatmak shikshan aanee shikau shikshan yasarkhya paddhatincha samavesh hoto.
balkam, khelachya barobarine aanee ektritpane, american sthanik mulancha vel aanee vikasat eka mahattvache sthan vyapate. eka navajo mulicha tichya aaeela vinakamat madat karnara aanee akheris swatah eka kushal vinkar vinkar mulishi honara sanvad heey darshavito qee mulachi upasthiti aanee yaa upkramanchi upalabdhata mulala nirikshanadvare kase shiku dete. dekhrekh aanee margdarshanakhali kriyakalapanchya kendrasthani jaanyapurvi, mule tyanchya sabhovatalachya lokanche nirikshan aanee anukaran karoon parighapasun suruvat karatat. 2 varshanchya sthanik mexican muliche tichya isobat khadde khodanyachya prakalpat sahbhagi honyache eka udaharan, mulanni madat karnyasathi, pahilyanantar aanee kutumb aanee samudayasah heey kaam samayik karnyacha utsah dakhavate. kaam haah lahanpanapasunach mulachya vikasacha eka bhag aahe, jyachi suruvat khelat villin vikasit aanee vividh prakarchya upayukt kamanmadhye vikasit vikasit sopya kamanpasoon hote. dainandin dincharyechi paristhiti sanskratikdrushtya arthpurn upkram aanee sanvedanshil parasparsanvadasathi sandhee nirman karate jyavar mulacha vikas avalambun asato. chilhuanichi mule tyanchya vatavaranache aadarsthan mhanoon nirikshan karatat aanee nirikshanatun shikatat. tyanchyapaiki barech jann nirikshanat anaupacharik shikshan gheuun pashupalak banatat.
nikaraguaamadhil mule anekada tyanchya samajatil itar vyaktinna teey kartana pahoon jaminivar kaam karayala kinwa feriwalya viola shikatil. heey upkram mulanna samajik shikshanachya prakarandware shikanyachya aanee vikasit honyachya sandhee pradan karatat, jeey janivpurvak abhyaskram karnyaivaji dainandin anubhavanni banalele asatat aanee jyamadhye mulancha samajik sanvad aanee vartan ghadate ashee samanya vyavastha asate. american sthanik samudayatil mulansathi anaupacharik shikshan kamachya thikani houu shakate jithe mulanni yogdan dene apekshit aahe.
shikanyache sadhan mhanoon ashabdik sanvad.
paramparik swadeshi american aanee european-american madhyamvargatil sanskrutik farkachya drushtine, ashabdik sampreshanacha prasar pratyek sanskratichya kamgirichya vyakhyevar avalambun asalyache manale jaau shakate. bahutekda mukhya pravahatil madhyamvargiy sanskratit, spardhatmakatecha sarav karoon aanee vaiyaktik fayadhyasathi kaam karoon shaala aanee kamachya thikani yash milate. paramparik sthanik american lokanchya shikanyachya aanee shikavanyachya paddhati samanyatah vaiyaktik fayadhyapeksha salokha aanee sahkaryala pradhanya detat. shikavanukinmadhye paraspar aadar prapt karnyasathi, sthanik american sanskratit jyachyavar anekada avalambun asate too mhanje ashabdik sanvad.
sthanik samudayanmadhye ashabdik sanvad heey pahane aanee nantar karane yadvare dnyanache marg tayar karatat. ashabdik vartanacha vapar shikanyache sadhan mhanoon karata yeil asey eka udaharan chilihuani sanskratit pahile jaau shakate. yaa samajatil mule pikanchi lagwad karnyabaddal krutiche nirikshan karoon shikatat aanee praudhanna jaminibaddal aadar asato. tyanna kalate qee tyanchya pikanchi kalji ghene tyanchyasathi aanee tyaa badalyat samajachya bharbharatisathi mahatvache aahe. tyachpramane, jevha mule vidhinmadhye sahbhagi hotat, tevha pratyekjan kassa sanvad sadhato heey pahoon teey samudayacha bhag honyache mahatva shikatat. hyasathi punha spasht shabdik sanvadachi aavashyakta nahee, teey keval sabhovatalachya jagachya nirikshanavar avalambun aahe. chillihwani sanskruti spashtapane apekshanche shabdik varnan karat nahee. tyanche dnyan samudayik fayadhyasathi pratikrutikrut vartanadvare spasht karnyaivaji anubhavale jaate.
matsigenkachya sthanik sanskratit, arbhunna tyanchi aaee aanee samajatil sadasyanchya jawal thewale jaate. baal kadhihi aaipasoon door jaat nahee. asha prakare, mulala aaee aanee kutumbatil itar sadasyanpasun door shodhanyasathi protsahit kele jaate jeey ajunahi laksh thevatat. jevha mool bhatkat jaate tevha too kadachit adnyat aanee sambhavya dhokadayak thikani yeu shakato parantu aaee tyala thambavanar nahee, too shodh ghet asatana tee fakt baghel. praudh kinwa jyeshthankadun tondi fatkar kinwa chetavanicha abhav mulala tyachya sabhovatalacha parisar adhik kaljipurvak aatmasat karnyas saksham karato.
aupcharik aanee anaupacharik shikshan.
anaupacharik shikshan purnapane samajoon ghenyasathi 'aupcharik' aanee 'anaupacharik' shikshan yaa sandnyanchi vyakhya karane upayukt tharate. aupcharik shikshanachi vyakhya ashee kelee jaau shakate qee, abhyaskram chalvat asatana, atyant sansthatmak, kadachit nokarshahi asoo shakate aanee aupcharikpane shreni, padavika kinwa pramanpatranchya itar prakaransah manyataprapt aahe. anaupacharik shikshan heey anaupacharik shikshanashi jawalun jodalele aahe, jeey gharee, kamavar aanee dainandin sanvad aanee samajatil sadasyanmadhil samayik sambandhandware vividh thikani ghadate. anaupacharik shikshan heey heey shaikshanik aasthapananchya baher hote aanee teey vishisht abhyaskramache palan karat nahee aanee kahee vishisht prasangi sanyogane chukun kinwa adhunmadhun udbhavu shakate, jaree nehmich asey nasate. jevha sankalpana vaiyaktik vidyarthyanchya adviteey garjanshi julavun ghetalya jaatat tevha anaupacharik shikshan aupcharik kshetrat houu shakate.
sanshodhan aanee deta.
merrium aanee itar (2007) mhanatatah "anaupacharik shikshanacha abhyas, visheshtah praudhanchya swayam-nirdeshit shikshan prakalpambaddal prakalpambaddal asey disun yete qee 90 takkyanhun adhik praudh shekado taas anaupacharik shikshanat guntalele aahet. kamachya thikani shikanyatil bahutansh (70 takkyanhun adhik) anaupacharik aahet assa andajahi vartavanyat aala aahe... jaree vyavasay aanee udhyogankadun aupcharik prashikshan karyakramanvar darvarshi kotyavadhi dollars kharch kele jaatat. anaupacharik shikshan adhik majboot swarupasah, aabhasi manav sansadhan vikasasathi aupcharik aanee anaupacharik shikshan yaa donhi goshti avibhajya prakriya manalya jaatat.
anaupacharik shikshanachi prabhavi sthitee spasht karnyasathi coffield himkhandache roopak vaparte, jyachi tyach velee aupcharik shikshanachya tulanet shikshan kshetrat drushyamanata khoopach qamee aaheh himkhandacha joou bhag panyachya prushthbhagachya varr drishyaman aahe aanee eka trutiyansh bhag aupcharik shikshanache pratinidhitva karato; panyachya prushthbhagakhalil done trutiyansh jeey pahilya najaret adrushya aahet teey anaupacharik shikshanache pratinidhitva karatat. aupcharik shikshanachi tulana bus pravasashi kelee jaau shakate-marg purvanirdharit aahe aanee serve pravashansathi samaan aahe-anaupacharik shikshan heey cycleveril pravasasarkhe aahe, jithe swar vyakti marg aanee veg vaiyaktikaritya tharvu shakate.
anaupacharik shikshanache ashtabhuj pratirup.
2019 pasoon decius, shaper aanee seifert yanchya anaupacharik shikshanachya ashtabhuj modelnusar, anaupacharik shikshanat aath ghatak asatat. 
ashtabhuj model heey tannenbaum aanee itaranchya anaupacharik shikshanachya gatishil modelver aadharit aahe. 2010 pasoon gatishil pratimanamadhye 'anubhav/krutee', 'abhipray', 'pratibimb' aanee 'shikanyacha hetu' heey chaar ghatak aahet. pratimananusar, pratyek ghatak dusra ghatak trigger karoo shakato aanee asha prakare tyachya aadhi jaau shakato, parantu itar konatyahi ghatakache anusaran dekhil karoo shakato. tyanusar, yaa pratimanat eka nishchit prarambh kinwa shevat bindu nasato, jyacha uddesh shikshanache gatishil swaroop spasht karane haah asato. anaupacharik shikshan prakriyetil pratyek ghatak shikanara eka kinwa adhik vela pahoo shakato. tathapi, jevha charahi ghatak tyat guntalele asatat tevha shikanyachi prakriya sarvat karyaksham manali jaate.
ashtabhuj pratikruti chaar ghatakanche pratyeki done ghatakanmadhye vibhajan karoon gatishil pratikruticha vistar karate. yamule anaupacharik shikshanachya ghatakanche adhik achook varnan karata yete. gatishil pratimanatil "anubhav/krutee" haah ghatak "swatachya kalpana vaparoon aanee lagoo karoon" (i.eae.chachani aanee truti) aanee 'model learning' (i.eae.ashtabhuj pratirupat) itar vyaktinchya yashasvi vartananche nirikshan karane aanee tyancha avalamb karane. abhipray" yaa ghatkamadhye "thet abhipray" (i.eae., swatachya vartanavar abhipray midvane) aanee "paryayi abhipray" (i.eae., yash-gambhir kaam aanee jivanatil paristhitivar itar lokanshi anubhavanchi devanghevan karane). paravartan" ghatkamadhye "purvanishchit paravartan" (i.eae.sambhavya adthalyancha vichar kartana krutichya krutichya niyojan karane) aanee "tyanantarche pratibimb" (i.eae., kaam purn kelyanantar sudharana karnyachya margancha vichar karane). shikanyacha hetu' yaa ghatkamadhye 'shikanyacha aantarik hetu' (i.eae., shikanyachya prakriyechya aanandasathi shikane) tasech 'shikanyacha bahya hetu' (i.eae.itarankadun prashansa kinwa kamachya sandarbhat-sakaratmak karkird vikasachi shakyata yasarkhya bahya protsahananmule shikane).
anubhav aanee udaharane.
anaupacharik dnyan hii ashee mahitee aahe jee bahyikrut kinwa hastagat keleli nahee aanee dnyanache prathamik sthan aekhadyachya dokyat asoo shakate. udaharanarth, bhasha sampadanachya karanasathi, mool aupcharik shikshan vyavasthet pravesh karnyapurvi, aaee mulala gharee vyakaran aanee bhashechya moolbhut sankalpana shikavu shakate. asha paristhitit, aaeela bhashechya sanrachanechi, vakyarachanachi aanee aakarshastrachi maun samaj asate, parantu tee kaay aahet yachee teela spashtapane mahitee nasel. teela tee bhasha samajate aanee tiche dnyan tichya santatiparyant pohochavate.
anaupacharik dnyan hastantaranachya itar udaharananmadhye twarit sandesh pathvane, internetvaril utsfurt baithak, tumhala aavashyak asaleli mahitee asalelya ekhadya vyaktila phone coll karane, naveen utpadanacha parichay karoon denari thet ekdach vikri baithak, pratyaksh velet chatt-room, watter kulardware sandhichi baithak, vastavik-velechya ajendyasah niyojit web-aadharit baithak, durusti prakriyedvare tumhala margadarshan karnare tantradnyan kinwa tumchya niyukt margdarshak kinwa vyavasthapkashi baithak yancha samavesh hoto.
anubhav asey soochit karato qee kamgirisathiche barechase shikshan anaupacharik aahe. jeey tyanche dnyan vidyarthyakade hastantarit karatat teey sahasa pratyaksh velet upasthit asatat. asey shikshan durdhvanivarun kinwa internetdware tasech vaiyaktikaritya houu shakate.
yuu. keey. madhye, sarkarne 23 march 2009 roji prakashit jhalelya 'shikshan kranti' yaa shvetpatrakat anaupacharik shikshanache fayade aupcharikpane olakhale. aktoobar 2009 madhye aayojit kelela shikshan kranti mahotsav aanee pustakanchya madhyamatoon nidhicha vapar keela gela aahe-jeey ishanya shikshan mahotsavasarkhe upkram chalvanyasathi pustak gut, lekhakanchya karyakramanna bhetane aanee kautumbik itihas satre yasarkhya anaupacharik shikshanachya anek sandhee detat.
aupcharik aanee anaupacharik shikshanatil cull.
40 takke praudhanni kahee velela swatahla swatah shikavale aahe aanee eka sarvekshanatil pratisadkartyanni asey soochit kele aahe qee teey paramparik shikshanapeksha swatantra shikshanat sahbhagi honyachi shakyata duppat aahe.
sarasari praudh vyakti anaupacharik shikshan paddhatinvar aathvadyatun 10 taas (varshatoon 500 taas) kharch karate.
ekunach, yaa prakarche dnyan heey ekhadya vishisht karyabalat kaushalyachya swarsyanna kinwa aavashyak vaparas pratisad mhanoon adhik vidyarthi-kendrit aanee paristhitijanya aahe. 25 varshanpeksha jaast vayachya vyaktinsathi moolbhut kaushalye vadhavanyat aupcharik prashikshan karyakramanna maryadit yash milate, mhanoon yaa vyakti mukhytah nokarichya prashikshanavar avalambun asatat.
aupcharik shikshanache praman vadhale asale taree, karyabalat pravesh pravesh anek praudhanmadhye 'akushal' kamgaranna aavashyak asalelya moolbhut ganeet, vachan aanee aantarvaiyaktik kaushalyancha abhav aahe. mahavidhyalayin upasthitichya uchch daranmule aupcharik aanee anaupacharik shikshanamadhil resha aspasht jhaali aahe. sharirik kinwa qamee kushal kamgaranchya loksankhyet sarvat jaast vaadh asha vyaktinmadhye jhaali aahe, jyanni mahavidhyalayat shikshan ghetale parantu padvi prapt kelee nahee. mahavidhyalayin padvichi aavashyakta nasalelya nasalelya konati kaushalye aavashyak aahet heey mojanyasathi, alikadech aantar-vibhagiy sarvekshanancha sangrah aayojit karnyat aala aanee united statesmadhil niyoktyanche sarvekshan karnyat aale. yaa sarvekshananni assa nishkarsh kadhala qee 70 takke lokanna grahak sevechya kahee pailuchi aavashyakta asate, 61 takke lokanna parichhed vachane kinwa lihine aavashyak asate, 65 takke lokanna ganitachi aavashyakta asate, 51 takke lokanna sanganakacha vapar aavashyak asato. prashikshan aanee shaikshanik pramanpatranchya babatit, 71 takke vidyarthyanna hyschool diploma aavashyak aahe, tarr 61 takke lokanna vishisht vyavsayik anubhavachi aavashyakta aahe. qamee kushal kamgar dalat pravesh pravesh purushanche praman gelya pannas varshant sthir rahile aahe, jeey 1 takkyanpeksha qamee badal darshavate. akushal kamgar dalat mahilancha sahbhag satatyane vadhala aahe aanee haah cull kayam raheel asey andaj darshavtat.
vyavasayacha drushtikon.
prashikshan prashikshan bahutansh kampanya sadhya keval satatyapurn bajushi sambandhit aahet. aajchi bahutansh guntavanuk aupcharik bajoone aahe. nivval parinam assa aahe qee kampanya sarvat lahan bhagavar-shikanyachya samikaranachya 25 takke-sarvat jaast paise kharch karatat. urvarit 75 takke shikshan asey ghadate jevha vidyarthi sarjansheelpane "satat badalatya paristhitishi julavun gheto aanee julavun gheto". samikaranacha anaupacharik bhag keval mothach nahee tarr kahihi kase karave heey shikane mahattvache aahe.
vyavasthapak anekada vichar karatat qee teey tyanchya dhoranatmak anaupacharik shikshanala kassa protsahan deu shakatat. tathapi, anaupacharik shikshanacha thet aadhar katheen manla jaato, kaaran shikshan heey karyaprakriyetach hote aanee kampanyandvare tyache niyojan kele jaau shakat nahee. tathapi, sakaratmak shikshan vatavaran pradan karoon shikanyala apratyaksh aadhar dene shakya aahe. visheshtah sahkari aanee vyavasthapakanchya samajik pathimbyacha ullekh keela pahije. adhik anubhavi sahkari shikshan tadnya aanee margdarshak mhanoon kaam karoo shakatat. vyavasthapak tyanchya swatachya kamachya kamgiribaddal abhipray midvanyachya aanee denyachya sandarbhat aadarsh mhanoon kaam karoo shakatat. swatachya apayashanchi kabuli dene aanee apayashanna rachnatmakpane hatalane dekhil dekhil kamachya thikani shikanyachya sandhincha laabh ghenyas protsahit karate. prashikshan hastakshep hastakshep 'shikane' hii meta-kshamata balkat karoo shakatat. gatishil aanee anpekshit paristhitinna shikanyachya sandhee mhanoon pahane aanee swatachya kshamata sampadanasathi samasya aanee chukancha sakaratmak vapar karane heey asha hastakshepache uddisht aahe. dirghakalin dhoranatmak dhoranatmak nivadimule, jidnyasu aanee swa-shikshan-kendrit asalelya arjdaranna pradhanyakramat niyukt karane dekhil shakya hote.
saransh.
oo. see. dii. dware paribhashit kelyapramane, aajivan shikshanamadhye aupcharik, anaupacharik aanee anaupacharik shikshanache sanyojan samavisht aahe. yaa teenpaiki, anaupacharik shikshan heey mojane kinwa siddha karane sarvat katheen asoo shakate, parantu sampoorn ayushyabhar vyaktichya ekoon sandnyanatmak aanee samajik vikasasathi teey mahattvache rahate.

