mikhail dolovo-dobrovolsky

 
mikhail osipovic dolovivo-dobrovolsky (; kinwa "mikhail osipovish dolovo-dobrowolski";-) haah russian samrajyat janmalela abhiyanta, electrician aanee german samrajya aanee switzerlandmadhyehi sakriy asalela polish-russian moolcha shodhak hota.
germanymadhye shikshan ghetalyanantar aanee berlinmadhye 'algemine electrichitats-jesselshaft' (aii. eae. jee.) sathee kaam karat asatana, teey polyphase vidyut pranalinchya sansthapakanpaiki eka (nikola tesla, galileo ferraris aanee jonas weinstrom heey itar hote) banale, teen-tappyanche vidyut janitra aanee teen-tappyanche vidyut motor (1888) vikasit kele aanee taara aanee delta jodanyancha abhyas keela. teen tappyanchya pranalicha vijay europemadhye 1891 chya aantarrashtriy vidyut-tantrik pradarshanat pradarshit karnyat aala, jithe dolivo-dobrovolskine 75 takke karyakshamatesah 176 qii. mea. antaravar vidyut urja prasarit karnyasathi yaa pranalicha vapar keela. 1891 madhye tyanni teen-tappyanche transformer aanee short-circuit (gilhari-pinjara) induction motor dekhil tayar kele. 1891 madhye tyanni jagatil pahilya teen tappyanchya jalvidhyut prakalpachi rachana kelee.
jeevan.
mikhail dolovio-dobrovolskicha janm russian nagri sevak aanee polish vanshachya josif fluorovic dolovio-dobrovolsky aanee olga mikhelovna jurenova yancha mulga mhanoon seent pietersbergjavalachya gatchina yetheel junya russian kuleen kutumbatoon jhaala. tyanni tyanche shaleche divas odesamadhye ghalavale, jithe tyanchya vadilanchi 1872 madhye badali jhaali. madhyamik shalenantar teey vayachya 16 vya varshi baltic germananni sthapan kelelya riga polytechnic yaa mahavidhyalayat gele, jeey german bhashet shikavat hote. 1870 chya akheris, hatyechya prayatnanchya malikenantar aanee shevati 1881 madhye zaar alekzandar II chya hatyenantar, polandvirodhi dadapshahichi laat usalali, jyadvare serve uttarottar kendrit vidyarthyanna tyanchya vidyapithatun kadhoon taknyat aale, jeey sampoorn rashiyatil abhyas bandichya samatulya hote. tyapaiki eka hota dolivo-dobrovolsky. 1881 madhye rigamadhye jabardastine garbhpat kelyanantar, 1883 madhye tyanni aapali matrubhoomi sodali aanee germanyla gele.
1883 teey 1884 yaa kalat tyanni jagbharatil vidyut abhiyantrikichya pahilya khurchivar, german samrajyatil grand duchy auph hesamadheel techniche hoshchule darmstad yethe shikshan ghetale. 1885 teey 1887 yaa kalat teey tyanchya pahilya sahayyakanpaiki eka banale. tethe tyanni anek lahan prakashne prakashit kelee aanee americetil eka yantrik abhiyanta aanee kitlerchya pahilya sahayyak yanchyashi jawalcha sampark hota.
shodhanantar, dolivo-dobrovolsky yanni 1892 madhye fages meater aanee 1909 madhye ferrodynamic watmetercha shodh lavoon, avjad pravah tantradnyanachya kshetrat aapale sanshodhan suru thewale. tyanni shodhanibandh prakashit kele aanee asankhya vyakhyane dilee. 1903 teey 1907 yaa kalat tyanni swatahla luzenmadhil vaidnyanik karyat samarpit kele, jithe tyanni 1906 madhye tyanchya sampoorn kutumbasah swees nagrikatva midavale. berlinla paratalyanantar tyanni aii. eae. jee. madhye aapale kaam suru thewale aanee 1909 madhye upkaran karkhanyache tantrik sanchalak jhaale. 24 aktoobar 1911 roji tyanna tha darmstadtakadoon manad doctorate midali, jyachya dolivo imaratila aaj tyanche naav aahe. tyanchya aayushyat tyanni 60 hoon adhik paytant midavale.
1919 madhye, dolovo-dobrovolsky heidelberg yetheel shaikshanik rugnalayat hrudayavikarachya gambhir aajarane maran pavale. tyala darmstadchya vann smashanbhumit daphan karnyat aale, jithe tyachya shikshakachya smarakachya agadi jawal asalelya tyachya kabarila (kabariche thikanah aar 6 aii 7) aajahi bhet dilee jaau shakate. 1969 madhye darmstad shaharachya madhyabhagi eka rastyala dow.-ii. eae. etch. michael dolivo-dobrovolsky, daad dolivostrase.
teen-tappyanchya pranalicha shodh.
1887 madhye, berlinmadhil 'algemine electrichitates-jesselshaft egg' (aii. eae. jee.) chey mahasanchalak emil rathenau yanni tyanna eka padd deu kele, jyavarun dolovio-dobrovolsky tyanchya aayushyachya akherparyant companyshi sambandhit rahile. aii. eae. jee. madhye, dolivo-dobrovolskine suruvatila thet vartaman tantradnyanala aanakhi paripoorn karnyacha prayatna keela. shevati, ejchi utpatti edisonchya upakampanimadhye hotee aanee edison, simenspramanech, purnapane thet pravahavar avalambun hota. tyaa velee, paryayi pravahane haloohaloo tantradnyanche laksh vedhale aanee budapestmadhil ganzchya kamantil abhiyantyanni 1885 madhye aajchya arthane pahila transformer tayar keela hota. tathapi, essie tantradnyanala aanakhi upkarananchi aavashyakta hotee, visheshtah vishvasarh aanee swayam-prarambh motor; essie siddhant dekhil ajunahi avikasit hota. dolivo-dobrovolskichya aadhi, italian galileo ferrarine paryayi pravahakade laksh vedhale. tyanni 1885 madhye pahilya essie motorcha shodh lavala. tyanchya nantar, german abhiyanta friedrich august hasselwander yanni europemadhye pahile essie 3 fages synchronous generator vikasit kele, jeey 960 rev/minitane sumare 2.8 kilowatt utpadan karate, jeey prati sekand 32 chakranchya varanvarteshi sambandhit aahe, jyala aaj heartz kinwa heartz mhanoon olakhale jaate. yaa yantrat eka sthir, ringchya aakarache, teen-tappyanche armature aanee chaar jakhamechya mukhya khambansah firnare 'antargat-dhruv chumbak' hote, jeey firnare kshetra pradan karatat. paytant arj julai 1887 madhye dakhal karnyat aala. pahila essie 3 fages synchronous generator aktoobar 1887 madhye karyanvit jhaala. 
yaa ghatananchi parva naan karata, 1888 madhye aii. eae. jee. yethe eka durdarshi upay sapadala. dolovio-dobrovolskine sakhalibaddha teen-tappyanchya paryayi pravahasah kaam kele aanee teen-tappyanchya pravah yaa shabdachi suruvat kelee. tyanni shodhaleli sambandhit atulyakalik motor haah pahila karyatmak upay hota. tathapi, gilhari-pinjara rotter asalelya atulyakalik motorla qamee vegane, jase qee suruvat kartana, keval qamee torq vitarit karnyat samasya hotee. slip ring motor haah upay hota, joou atulyakalik motorcha eka prakar hota jyamadhye rotterche short circuit ughadale jaate aanee slipperingsdware baherchya bajus nirdeshit kele jaate. vividh bahya pratirodhakanna jodoon, dolivo-dobrovolsky 1891 madhye uchch prarambhik torks eka atulyakalik motor sadar karoo shakala.
1889 chya suruvatila, pahilya aii. eae. jee. teen-tappyanchya motors karyarat hotya aanee pudhchya varshi tyanni aadhich 2 teey 3 ashvashaktiche utpadan kele. dolivo-dobrovolskine changlya prakare vitarit kelelya valananvar, shaktichya reshanchya qamee prasaranakade aanee shakya titke eksaman shakti kshetrakade laksh dile aanee samadhankarak parinam sadhya keela. 1891 madhye tyanni yaa uddeshasathi pahila delta-vaay transformer dekhil vikasit keela.
vidyut urjeche pahile durastha pareshan.
aii. eae. jee. aanee swis sahkarya bhagidar maschinenfabric orlicon (emm. eff. oo.) yethe, teen-tappyanchya jaalyasathiche serve ghatak upalabdh hote, parantu aataparyant teey keval chachani operationmadhye hote. yaveli, auskar wonn millerne emm. eff. oo. yethe frankfurt yethe 1891 madhye niyojit aantarrashtriy electrotechnical pradarshanat teen-tappyanchi vartaman pareshan pranali loffen-frankfurt sadar karnyacha atyant dhadsi prastav mandala, jithe dolovo-dobrovolsky aanee tyacha mukhya vidyut bhagidar charles eae. ell. braunla haah prakalp kalalah emm. eff. oo. chey 300 etch. pii. teen-tappyanche essie generator lafen emm. nekarmadhil cement prakalpachya panyachya turbinedware chalavale jayache hote, sumare 50 vhee. aanee 40 heartzche voltage tayar karayache hote, tyache 15 keey. vhee. paryant (nantar 25 keey. vhee.) rupantar karayache hote aanee nantar teey 175 kiimii. chya overhead linedware frankfurtla prasarit karayache hote aanee 100 etch. pii. atulaneey motor aanee anek lahan teen-tappyanchya motors tasech sumare 1000 tapdravya dive puravanyasathi tyache punha rupantar karayache hote. purvi chachani prakriyet asalelya motorche veej utpadan ajunahi keval 2 teey 3 etch. pii. hote. tathapi, 24 august 1891 chya sandhyakali haah prakalp karyanvit karnyat aala aanee eka chachani samiteene tharavale qee loffenmadhun nirman honari 75 takke urja frankfurtmadhye pohochali. yamule heey siddha jhaale qee, ekikade, mothya pramanavar sarvajanik veej purvathyasathi paryayi vidyutpravah fayadeshir hota aanee dusarikade, teen-tappyanche ghatak aata thet vidyutpravah tantradnyanachya samaan darjache hote. jaagtik pradarshanatil pratyakshikanchya pratima pratima parinamamule shevati teen-tappyanchya essie tantradnyanachi pragati jhaali. tathapi, seamens aanee edisonmadhye, essie tantradnyanala haloohalooch manyata midali, jyamule aii. eae. jee. hii jaagtik company bananyas saksham jhaali. 40 heartz manvi dolhyala zagmagat asalyane, nantar dolivo-dobrovolsky 50 heartzwar gela.

