
heinry thomas austen

heinry thomas austen (8 juuna 1771-12 march 1850) haah eka lashkari adhikari, padri, banker aanee kadambarikar jaine austencha bhau hota. 1850 madhye tyanche nidhan jhaale aanee tyanna woodbury park smashanbhumit, tunebridge vihirinmadhye daphan karnyat aale.
prarambhik jeevan.
kutumb.
heinry thomas austencha janm 1771 madhye steventon, hampshire yethe jhaala. too tyachya aaee-vadilancha, rev. chaa janm jhalela chautha mulga hota. george austen aanee cassandra leh. tyala paach bhau hote; james (1765-1819), george (1766-1838), edward (1768-1852), francis william (1774-1865), charles johnn (1779-1852) aanee done lahan bahini, cassandra aanee jaine. 
steventonmadhye, tyane tyacha bahutansh vel tyachya hancock kutumbatil chulat bhavandansobat tyanchya kautumbik kothadit vadhavanyat ghalavala, jithe too aanee tyachi bhawande tyanchi mavashi, philadelphiya austen hancock yanchya dekharekhikhali hotee. jenane mage sodalelya patranmadhye, tee chulat bhavandanche shrimant mhanoon varnan karate. eka patrat, jaine tyanchya mothya chulat bhavache varnan karate, jeey mothe hott asatana tichyakade asalelya bhetavastumbaddal badhai marat hote. yaa varshanmadhye heinryne tyachi chulat baheen eliza (nee hancock, nantar eliza fuelide) aanee tyacha bhau james yanchyasobat kautumbik natyagruhanmadhye bhag ghetala, jase qee susanna centalivrechya 'daad vandarh aaa women keeps aaa secret' madheel pramukh vyakti mhanoon tyacha thet abhinay."
henriela tyachya kutumbane eka hushar kishoravayin mhanoon olakhale hoteh jaine mhanala qee "tyala chidavane kase mahit hote."tyachya chulat bhavandanni tyachya khushkhushalpanache kautuk kele aanee too tyachya vadilancha aavadata mulga banala, jyachyavar lahan baheen jendekhil prem karat asey. tyachya vadilanni tyachya vidvattapoorn kshamatanchi olakh karoon ghetali aanee tyala aanee tyacha motha bhau jamesla khajgi shikshan dile jaeel yachee khatri kelee; tyanni greek aanee lattin bhashetil dhade ghetale. too aanee james yanche varnan jaine yanni 'vidwan' mhanoon kele hote, tarr edward adhik vyavharik hota aanee francis 'krutishil manus' hota."
natesambandh.
heinry thomas austen haah tyachya chulat bhavachya elizachya prabhavamule samajikdrushtya 'baher aala', jyachya steventonla varanvar bhet dilyane austen mulanvar kayamswarupi parinam jhaala. heinryne eliza aanee tyacha bhau james yaa doghansobatahi barach vel ghalavala, jyaa darmyan teey samajik aanee vaiyaktik asha donhi prakare rangbhumichya madhyamatoon vadhale. abhinay karnyasathi teey agadi lahan asatana pratyaksh sahbhagi jhaale nasale taree henrichya bahini jaine aanee cassandra anekada natyakriyanche nirikshak aanee sahayyak asat.
eliza henrichya aayushyatil eka madhyavarti vyakti rahili aanee too aanee james yaa doghanchya samparkat rahili. 1787 madhye heinryne tichyasobat eka mahina ghalavala, jyaa varshanantar tine auxford yethe bhavanna bhet dilee. 1794 madhye french krantichya dahashatichya kalat tichya patila fashi dilyanantar eliza austansobat rahili. jaree eliza tyanchya natyakalapasun james aanee heinry yaa doghanshihi premprakaran karat hotee aanee doghanmadhyehi tichyat rus nirman hott rahila, taree heinry aanee eliza yanche december 1797 madhye lagn jhaale. lashkari dalacha rajinama dilyanantar lagechach, aminscha taha lagoo asatana, heinry aanee tyachi patni elizachya malmattevar punha taba midvanyachya prayatnat francemadhye paratale. heey ayashasvi tharale aanee teey doghe desh sodoon paloon gele. 1813 madhye jevha elizacha mrutyu jhaala tevha heinry vidhva jhaali hotee.
1805 madhye george austenchya mrutyunantar, austen bandhu tyanchya aaee aanee done bahininsathi jababdar hote. james aanee heinry yanna, bhau austen mahilanna puresa bhatta kassa deteel heey tharvanyache kaam denyat aale hote. edward aanee phrank yanni ektritpane darvarshi 150 paundanche yogdan dile, jyamule james aanee heinry yanna darvarshi pratyeki 50 paundanchi girvi thevavi lagali. tyaa doghansathihi aarthik taana hota, parantu heinryne vachan dile qee "joparyant [tyache] anishchit utpann raheel toparyant teey karel."akheris, 1816 madhye, tyachya diwalkhorinantar, heinryne haah pathimba mage ghetala.
heinryche varnan 'eknishth aanee samajik mahattvakankshi' asey kele gele, too anek vyavsayanmadhye guntalela hota aanee tyachya bahineela tyanchya karnamyambaddal genla sangat hota. tyane tyachya bahinichya karyabaddal sakriyapane afava dekhil pasaravalya aanee tyachya sambandhanmule tyache yash pudhe nenyat yogdan dile.
heinry haah tyachi baheen jenacha aavadata bhau asalyache mhatale jaat hote. tiche mehune laurd brebourne yanni prakashit kelelya jenachya patranmadhye tyacha ullekh anek vela keela jaato aanee tyapaiki anekancha too mukhya vishay aahe. jenane tichya bhavakade khoop laksh dile, too konabarobar chenduvar nachat hota yasarkhya vishayanvar dirghkal lihile. jenachya patranmadhye, tyanchya vadilancha mrutyu vagalanyabarobarach, jyaa kalat jenane durbal karananya aajaratoon heinrychi punha tabyet sudharali, too kalavadhi vagalanyat aala aahe. 1817 madhye jenachya aajarachya shevatchya done mahinyant heinry upasthit hotee aanee tichya ichchhenusar soochibaddha kelelya teen lokanpaiki tee eka hotee.
heinryne 1820 madhye punarvivah keela. tyachi patni eleanor jackson, auston kutumbala kahee kalapasoon olakhat hotee aanee heinrychi baheen, cassandra teela 'eka utkrusht patni' manaychi.
shikshan aanee karkird.
shikshan.
heinryne tyachya vadilankadun steventon, hampshire yetheel tyachya kutumbachya gharee khajgi shikshan ghetale. tyane seent yethe shikshan ghenyas suruvat kelee. 1788 madhye auxford yetheel johns collegemadhye sansthapakanchya natevaikanna shishyavrutti denyat aalee. daad lighterer' heey tyache masik prakashit karnyat tyane tyacha bhau james yala madat karnyatahi vel ghalavala aanee yogdankartyanpaiki eka mhanoon tyachi yadee karnyat aalee. 1792 madhye tyane aapali padvi prapt kelee aanee eka niyukt dharmopadeshak aanee nantar padri bananyacha tyacha hetu hota. ekada austen padvidhar jhaala hota, seent. johnchya mahavidhyalayane tyala shishyavrutti aanee shishyavrutti pradan kelee. 1793 saalee ingland aanee france yanchyat yuddh suru hoiparyant, teey emm. aii. chya shodhat johns collegemadhye rahile, sahayyak tarkshastra vachak mhanoon kaam karat aanee padvipurv shikshan dett hote.
lashkari karkird.
jaree heinry bavis varshancha honyapasoon keval done mahine door hota, tyacha motha bhau james jyaa vayat decan jhaala hota (nehamiche vay tevis hote, parantu apavad kele jaau shakatat), tyane charchmadhye vyavasay suru naan thevanyacha nirnay ghetala aanee tyaeivaji oxfordshire miliciamadhye leftnunt mhanoon commission sweekarle. april 1793 madhye too southampton unitmadhye sameel jhaala, jithe sainik french aakramanapasun ingraji vahiniche rakshan karat hote. heinry tyache shikshan punha suru karnyasathi adhunmadhun lashkarakadun vel kadhoon ghet asey. 1794 madhye, tyaa kalatil oxfordshire regimentche curnell, curnell spensor yanni austen yanchi karyavahak vetandata mhanoon niyukti kelee. 1795 madhye, pagardar mhanoon tyanchya kalat, henriela saat mahine frenchanpasun irelandche sanrakshn karnyasathi leftnunt cornwallischya aadeshanusar seva karanyachi sandhee midali. yethe, heinryne itar shrimant aanee shaktishali vyaktinshi anek sambandh jodale, jyanchya prabhavamule banking karkird suru karnyat tyachi ruchi vadhali. heinry thomas austenane tyachya urvarit lashkari karkirdit tyache vetandar padd dharan kele, jeey 1801 madhye sampale.
banking karkird.
oxfordcha pagardar asatana, henriela tyache curnell, william gor-langton yancha aadar midala hota, jyanni 1801 madhye austenla oxfordshire regimentsathi kaam deuun aarthik agent mhanoon aapali karkird suru karnyas saksham kele. eka pratinidhi mhanoon, austenane pramukhyane lashkari vetan sodanyas jababdar asaleli sarkari sanstha aanee regimentcha pagardar yanchyat madhyasth mhanoon kaam kele. tathapi, austenane napha kamavanyache itar anek marg hoteh tyane eka kalpanik 'warrant mann' chya companysathi pagar gola keela, tyane kahee adhikadhyancha khajgi banker mhanoon, ardha pagar agent mhanoon kaam kele aanee kahee commissionchya kharedi-vikrimadhye bhag ghetala.
heinryne heinry mondesobat aarthik bhagidari suru kelee, jyane oxfordshirechya sainyat austensobat kaam kele hote aanee austenane tyachya agent karkirdichi suruvat kelyanantar tyane paymaster mhanoon padbhar swikarla. tyanni ekatra austen andd companychi sthapana kelee.1801 teey 1816 yaa kalavadhit pandhra varshe karyarat hotee.
march 1802 madhye aminschya tahanantarchya shantatemule austenla purvi lashkari vittapurvathyatun milanara napha midvane katheen jhaale. asha prakare, too aanee tyachi patni eliza francela gele, jithe tyanni englandmadhil shrimant olakhichya lokanna eka mahagadi vastoo mhanoon daroo pathavali. haah vyavasay keval shantatechya kalatach kayadeshir hota, parantu austen shantata aanee yuddh yaa donhi kalat chaloo rahila.
meey 1803 madhye, austen andd company. sarkari karyalayanchya jawal asalelya londonchya sansad rastyavar sthayik jhaale. companyne ghetalelya adhik pratishthit vyavsayik sandhinchya lamb ranganchi hii suruvat hotee, jyapaiki eka done naveen regiment, nottinghamshire milicia aanee north devon milicia hotee. tyaa velee north devon miliciache curnell johnn parker, dusare laurd boringdon hote. yaa sambandhatun, henriela boringdonchya bahineela chitrakaleche dhade denari nokri midali.
1806 madhye, pantpradhan william pitt yanche nidhan jhaale aanee parinami eka mothe rajkiy parivartan jhaale. yaa punarjodanimule austen jawalche asalele anek lock sattevar aale, tyamule tyanchya sambandhanchi pratishtha vadhali. 1806 chya uttaradhat, austen andd company. kiman done deshi bankanche londonche pratinidhi banale hote aanee heinry austenane teen bankanmadhye bhagidar mhanoon bhoomika midavali hotee. yach varshat heinrycha bhau francis (phrank) austen austen andd companymadhye sameel jhaala.austen, monde aanee austen tayar karatat. 1809 madhye, companyne james tilson haah chautha sadasya swikarla. james heey oxfordshire regimentche leftnunt-curnell johnn heinry tilson yanche bhau hote aanee purvi dorset andd companymadhye bhagidarhi hote. banq auph nyu bond street. austen, monde aanee tilson 1816 madhye diwalkhori hoiparyant tikale, jeey heinryche aajarpan, guntavanukichya kahee kharab nivadi, yuddhanantarchi samanya mandee aanee anek deshi banka bund hone yasah anek parasparvirodhi karananmule ghadale.
padri.
austen, monde aanee tilson yanchya patananantar, heinry thomas austenane charchmadhye pravesh karnyacha nirnay ghetala. december 1816 madhye, too eka niyukt decan banala aanee 1809 pasoon tyachi aaee aanee done bahini rahilya asalelya hampshirechya chattoncha curet mhanoon niyukt karnyat aala. chatton yethe tyachya teen varshanchya kalat, tyala eka upadeshak mhanoon changla aadar hota. 1819 madhye, tyanna surre yetheel furnham yethe curet mhanoon niyukt karnyat aale aanee yaa kalat tyanni furnham vyakaran shalet master mhanoonahi kaam kele. akheris too hampshiremadhil bentalicha snrakshak banala.
gulamgirivirodhi chalval.
1840 madhye austenane londonmadhye jhalelya jaagtik gulamgirivirodhi adhiveshanat pratinidhi mhanoon kaam kele. colchesterchya done pratinidhinpaiki too eka hota aanee gulamgiricha ant karnyasathi jagbharatoon aalelya sumare 500 pratinidhinmadhye too basala hota. 
jaine austenchya karyat sahbhag.
jaine austenchya kadambya tichya aayushyat anamikpane prakashit jhalya, jyaa mahila lekhakanchya nehamichya prathepramane hotya. keval tichya jawalchya kutumbachya chhotya mandalala 'bhavna aanee sanvedansheelata' (1811) aanee 'abhiman aanee purvagrah' (1813) yanchya prakashanabaddal aadhipasoon mahitee hotee. heinry tichya kadambyanchaa prachar karnyasathi aanee teela prasiddhi midvoon denyat madat karnyasathi tichya uchch-vargiy mitramandal aanee parichitanna tichya kadambyanbaddal gup bolanyasathi olakhala jaat asey. 
jenachya mrutyunantar prakashit jhalelya 'munn valavane' aanee 'northenger ebii' yaa donhi goshtinchi prastavna heinryne eka charitratmak soochanet dilee hotee. tyachya lekhakachya sabhovatalachya sandigdhatemule hii soochana haah vidvananmadhye charchecha vishay aahe; too keval prakashitach nahee tarr heinryne lihilela asalyache vyapakpane manale jaate, jaree kahincha assa siddhant aahe qee too agadi cassandra austenane dekhil lihila asava. heey shakya jhaale aahe kaaran heinry aanee kasandra yanni miloon chaar khandanmadhye yaa done granthanche prakashan aayojit kele hote. 1817chya unhalyat jenachya mrutyunantar, heinryne december 1817madhye pustake chhapali aanee tyaa mahinyachya uttaradhat tyanchi jahirat suru kelee. 
prakashan prakriyet teela madat karnyavyatirikt, heinry jenachya kamache proof-reed aanee sampadan karnyasathi dekhil olakhali jaat asey. march 1814 madhye, jenane henarinni julaimadhye pradarshit honyapurvi 'mansfield park' chee proof coppy vachali yachee khatri kelee. 1815 chya sharad rutumadhye, jaine austenane prakashak johnn murre yanna 'emma' heey tiche kaam deu kele. emma', 'mansfield park' aanee 'sains andd sensibility' chya copyritechya badalyat murrene 450 poundchi aupher dilee. heinry austenane hastakshep keela aanee marechya white atinvirodhat yuktivad keela, aanee genla tiche copyrite thevanyasathi patvoon dile.