european paytant kararantargat software paytant

european paytant convention (eae. pii. see.) antargat software, sanganak program aanee sanganak-amalbajavani kelelya shodhanchi petantakshamta mhanje 5 aktoobar 1973 chya european petantchya anudanavaril conventionanusar yaa kshetratil vishay kitee pramanat petantyogya aahe. yaa vishayamadhye european paytant karyalayane (eae. pii. oo.) yaa kshetranmadhye (kadhikadhi 'software paytant' mhanatat) manjur kelelya european petantana rashtriy nyayalaye vaidh manatat qaa yaa prashnacha dekhil samavesh aahe.
eae. pii. see. antargat, aanee visheshtah tyachya kalam 52 antargat, "sangankansathiche karyakram" heey european paytant denyachya uddeshane kelele shodh manale jaat naheet, parantu petantakshamatepasunache heey vagalane keval european paytant arj kinwa european paytant jyaa maryadeparyant sambandhit aahe tyaa maryadeparyant lagoo hote. yaa aanshik vagalanyacha parinam mhanoon, aanee eae. pii. oo. tyanchya american samkakshanchya tulanet yaa kshetratil paytant arjanchi adhik kathor chhanani karat asoonahi, yacha arth assa nahee qee kahee softwares serve shodh "dii jeur" petantyogya naheet.
european paytant convention kalam 52.
european paytant convention (eae. pii. see.), kalam 52, parichhed 2, paytant karnyapasoon vagalate, visheshtah
parichhed 3 nantar mhanatoh
1978 madhye eae. pii. see. lagoo jhalyapasun 'asha' shabdanmule paytant arjdar, vakeel, parikshak aanee nyayadhishanna khoop adchan aalee aahe. serve aantarrashtriy adhiveshananpramanech yaa adhiveshanacha arth uddeshpurn drushtikon vaparoon lavala pahije. tathapi, shabd aanee apavad yamagil uddesh spasht nahee.
eka arth, jyache anusaran eae. pii. oo. chya apeal mandalanni kele aahe, too mhanje jarr ekhada shodh tantrik samasyevar naveen aanee aprakashya "tantrik" upay pradan karato tarr too petantyogya aahe. samasya aanee upay, sangankamadhye purnapane nivasi asoo shakatat, jase qee sangankala naveen aanee kalpak paddhatine jalad kinwa adhik karyakshamatene chalavanyacha eka marg. paryayane, tii 928/03 madhye sanganak kassa vaparnyas sopa banvaycha hii samasya asoo shakate.
european paytant karyalay prakaran kayadyantargat petantakshamta.
parichhed 2 chya itar bhaganpramanech, sanganak karyakram heey purvichya kalesathi tantrik yogdan denyaitke petantsathi khule aahet. sanganak programchya babatit aanee apeal mandalachya cases kayadyanusar, tantrik yogdan mhanje samanyatah "pudhil tantrik parinam" joou program aanee sanganak yanchyatil samanya bhautik parasparsanvadachya palikade jaato.
jaree anekancha assa yuktivad aahe qee eae. pii. oo. aata kalam 52 kase lagoo karate yabaddal visangati aahe, parantu eae. pii. oo. chee pratha kalam 52 (2) chya vividh ghatakanchya upcharanvishayi baryapaiki susangat aahe. ganiteey paddhat petantyogya nahee, parantu yaa paddhatinusar tayar kelelya vidyut filterla kalam 52 (2) aanee (3) dware paytant karnyapasoon vagalale jaanar nahee.
eae. pii. oo. chya apeal mandalanchya nyayshastranusar, sanganak karyakramadvare pradan kelela tantrik parinam, udaharanarth, qamee smrutee pravesh vel, robotic hatache changle niyantran kinwa sudharit swagat aanee/kinwa redio signalche decoding asoo shakate. jyaa sangankavar karyakram chalavala jaato tyaa sangankashi too bahya asane aavashyak nahee; haard diskmadhye pravesh karnyasathicha qamee vel kinwa vardhit vaparkarta interfaces dekhil tantrik parinam asoo shakato.
pahila adthalah petantyogya vishay-aavashyakta.
2013 paryant, ii. pii. oo. madheel 'naan-shodh' pasoon 'shodh' vegale karnyasathi vaparlela nikash, mhanje.eae. eae. pii. oo. madheel paytant patratechi aavashyakta mhanje vishay-babit tantrik charitrya asane aavashyak aahe. vishay-vishayat tantrik vaishishtye aahet qee nahee yache moolyankan purvichya kalechya sandarbhavina kele jaate. eae. pii. oo. tantrik apeal mandalache majee adhyaksh stephen steinbrainer yanchya matey, yacha arth assa aahe keeh
kalam 52 (2) eae. pii. see. madhye soochibaddha kelelya konatyahi vishay-vishayamadhye, jarr tyacha tantrik swaroop asel kinwa tyat yogdan asel tarr (visheshtah tantrik madhyamancha vapar karoon tantrik samasya sodavali jaate kinwa tantrik parinam sadhya keela jaato, tantrik parasparsanvad hoto kinwa tantrik rupantar prabhavit hotat, tarr shabdantah jarr ashee vishay-baab tantrik anuprayogasathi swatahla udhar dett asel tarr), shodh samavisht asoo shakato."
shakato." sumare daha varshanpurvi, 15 november 2006 chaa nirnay tii 154/04, kaaran 12, european paytant karyalay 2008 chya adhikrut niyatkalikat prakashit jhaale. yogdan drushtikon" kinwa "tantrik parinam drushtikon", jyacha vapar kalechya arthamadhye eka shodh mhanoon manla jaat hota tyache moolyankan karnyasathi keela jaato. 52 (1) aanee (2), sodoon denyat aale. yogdan drushtikona" nusar (udaharanarth tii 52/85 pahaa), dawa kelela vishay-vishay kalam 52 (1) eae. pii. see. chya arthantargat shodhanshi sambandhit navhata, jevha petantakshamatetun vagalalelya kshetrat konatehi yogdan dile gele navhate. yogdan drushtikon" heey eka chhadmashodhak shodhak payari moolyankan hote.
tii 258/03 aanee tii 154/04 sarkhya nirnayanni heey spasht kele aahe qee yogdan drushtikon aata lagoo nahee. kharach 
eae. pii. see. chee rachana (...) suchavate qee, kalam 52 (2) eae. pii. see. antargat vishay vagalala gela aahe qee nahee heey atyadhunik sthitiche (samanya samanya dnyanasah) konatehi dnyan naan thevata tharvane shakya asave. (tii 258/03, karane 3.1).
aata heey purese aahe qee ekhadya bhautik astitvamadhye kinwa kriyakalapanmadhye kalam 52 (1) eae. pii. see. chya arthanusar shodh mhanoon manalya manalya tantrik sadhanancha samavesh aahe. kalam 52 (1) eae. pii. see. (tantrikatechi aavashyakta) chya arthanusar tantrik swaroop asane hii 'shodh' chee antarnihit aavashyakta aahe.<sandarbh naav = "t 154/04-r5b"> nirnay t 154/04, karane 5 (b).</ref>
parantu kalam 52 (2) aanee (3) chee petantyogya vishay chachani hii petantakshamatechya dishene takaleli keval pahili payari aahe, jee pahili adthala aahe. sanganakeey karyakram dekhil nakarle jaau shakatat aanee anekada shodhak pavalancha abhav asalyachya karanastav nakarle jaatat. haah dusra adthala aahe, joou pahilya adthalyat misaloo naye. yogdan drushtikon" yapudhe lagoo hott nahee yaa vastusthitichya sandarbhat apeal mandalane teey tii 258/03 (karane 4.6) madhye thewale aahe, 
[aamhala mahitee aahe qee kalam 52 (1) eae. pii. see. madheel 'shodh' yaa shabdachya [aamchya] tulanene vyapak vyakhyemadhye asha upkramancha samavesh asel jeey itake parichit aahet qee tyanchya tantrik charitryakade durlaksh kele jaate, jase qee paine aanee kagad vaparoon lihinyachi krutee. tathapi, yacha arth assa nahee qee tantrik sadhananchya vaparashi sambandhit serve paddhati petantyogya aahet. teey ajunahi naveen asale pahijet, tantrik samasyevar spasht naan honara tantrik upay darshavila pahije aanee audhyogik vaparasathi sanvedanshil asale pahijet.
pahilya adthalyashi sambandhit tantrik vaishishtyanchya aavashyakta aata eka aupcharik aavashyakta aahe. tarr shabdant, hii eka sadhee chachani aahe jee paytant davyat vaparlya jaanarya bhasheshi sambandhit aahe. software petantache swikararh dave, 'sanganak-amalbajavani paddhati' pasoon suruvat karoon pahila adthala purn karoo shakatat..."kinwa" pranalila sanrachit kele aahe...".
dusra adthalah shodhak payarichi aavashyakta.
petantyogya vishay-chachanimadhye 'shodh' yaa shabdacha arth, apeal mandalanni vaparlelya, shodhak payarichya garjeshi sambandhit cases kayadyachya samayojanasah aala aahe.
konatehi bigger-tantrik vaishishtya, i.eae. petantakshamatetun vagalalelya kshetratil eka vaishishtya, shodhak pavalachya mulyankanasathi vicharat ghetale jaau shakat nahee, joparyant teey (gair-tantrik vaishishtye) tantrik samasyeche nirakaran karnyasathi tantrik vishay-babinshi sanvad sadhat naheet.<sandarbh naav = "t 154/04-r5f"> nirnay t 154/04, karane 5 (f).</davyachya tantrik swarupat ekhade vaishishtya yogdan dete qee nahee yache moolyankan karane katheen manale gele aahe.
shivay, 'atyadhunik sthitee' (shodhak tappyanchya mulyankanasathi prarambhik bindu mhanoon vaparali jaanari) mhanje 'tantradnyanachi sthitee' assa arth lavala pahije, kalemadhye kushal vyakti hii tantradnyanachya sambandhit kshetrat kushal vyakti aahe aanee 'samasya aanee nirakaran drushtikonachya uddeshane, samasya hii eka tantrik samasya asali pahije jee vishisht tantrik kshetratil kushal vyaktila sambandhit pradhanyachya tarkhela sodavanyas sangitali jaau shakate.<sandarbh naav = "t 154/04-r5g"> nirnay t 154/04, karane 5 (g).</qalaa antargat vagalaleli kshetre. 52 (2) heey shodhak payarichya mulyankanasathi tantradnyanacha bhag manale jaat naheet.
udaharanarth, vipanan kinwa vima policymadhil tadnyala kaleteel kushal kalpanik vyakti mhanoon nivadle jaau shakat nahee, tarr sanganakache hardware kinwa smrutee vyavasthapan tadnyala sandarbh kalpanik vyakti mhanoon nivadle jaau shakate. yacha arth assa qee sanganak kinwa sanganakachya jaalyavar keval vyavasay paddhatichi amalbajavani kartana kvachitach eka shodhak paul samavisht asate, tarr sanganakachya sahayyit audhyogik prakriya sudharane kinwa sangankamadhye adhik karyaksham smrutee vyavasthapan pradan karane yaat eka shodhak paul samavisht asoo shakate. 
eae. pii. oo. chya prathamdarshani vibhaganvar eae. pii. oo. apeal mandalancha khatala kayada bandhankarak nahee (i.eae. parikshan vibhag), aanee eae. pii. oo. chey vividh parikshan vibhag petantakshamateche bhinn moolyankan karoo shakatat. tyachpramane, eae. pii. oo. chya aadhi virodhi prakriyedarmyan, jethe alikadech manjur jhalelya european petantchya anudanala truteey paksh (virodhak) virodh karoo shakato, virodhi vibhag jarr sambandhit shodh petantyogya hota qee nahee yabaddal vegala drushtikon tayar karat asel tarr paytant radd kele jaau shakate.
yaa yugatil tarr adthalyasathi tantrik swarupache moolyankan karnyachya pratheche varnan parikshechya margdarshak tattvanmadhye kele aahe, jeey krutrim buddhimatta aanee yantra shikshan kshetratil vishisht udaharane pradan karate. dusra adthala purn karnyasathi, softwarechya shodhasathi eka "tantrik anuprayog" sadar karane aavashyak aahe. paytant davyat paribhashit kelyapramane haah arj haah shodhacha uddesh aahe, paytant davyachi tantrik maryada aanee shodhacha tantrik uddesh yanchyatil sambandh sthapit karane.
rashtriy nyayalayansamor amalbajavanichi kshamata.
eae. pii. oo. sadasya deshansathi eae. pii. oo. apeal mandalancha khatala kayada bandhankarak nahee aanee vegvegalya prakarananvar kaam karnari vividh rashtriy nyayalaye kalanusar petantyogyatebaddal vegala drushtikon gheu shakatat. 52 (2) eae. pii. see. european paytant anudan naan denyachya eae. pii. oo. chya (thet kinwa apeal karyavahit) nirnayala matra rashtriy nyayalayanmadhye aavhan dile jaau shakat nahee. udaharanarth, naveen purv qalaa purava lakshat gheuun kinwa upalabdh purv kalacha punarvichar lakshat gheuun, nyayalayane shodh petantyogya nahee assa nirnay dilyas, eae. pii. oo. neey jaaree kelele konatehi european paytant paytant ullanghanachya khatalyat kinwa rashtriy nyayalayasamor radd karnyachya karyavahit radd kele jaau shakate. yavyatirikt, sadasya deshanna apvadambabat kahee pramanat swatantrya aaheh udaharanarth, dusra paksh paytant kitee pramanat vaparu shakato, udaharanarth softwareche vighatan karnyasathi jeey anyatha european petantache ullanghan karel.
united kingdam.
pieter prescott kyu. see. yanni, britton uchch nyayalayat up nyayadhish mhanoon basoon aanee 'see. eff. eff. chya arjancha' vichar kartana namood kele qee eae. pii. oo. nirnay vihit aahet, parantu brittonchya nyayalayanna bandhankarak naheet, parantu 'fujitsu' chya arjatil apeal nyayalayachya nirnayache smaran kele jyat mhatale hote qee brittonchya nyayalayanni dilelya vyakhyanmadhye aanee eae. pii. oo. neey kalam 52 (2) eae. pii. see. madhye dilelya vyakhyanmadhye kahee lakshaniy farak jhalyas teey vinashkari tharel.
2005 nantar brittonchya paytant karyalayane nakarlelya paytant arjanchya uchch nyayalayane punarvichar karnyacha samavesh asalelya brittonchya nyayalayin prakarananchya jhalalitil 'see. eff. eff. chya arjanmadhil' nirnay haah pahila hota.
vicharadhin asalelya done paytant arjanmadhye ghatananchya parinamanvar network kelele parasparsanvadi paij lavane samavisht hote. pratyek arj vyavasay karnyachya paddhatishi sambandhit mhanoon nakarla gela. sanganak programshi sambandhit mhanoon arj nakarle gele naheet, kaaran sanganak program heey keval eka sadhan hote jeey vyavasay niyamanchya naveen sanchachya amalbajavanisathi vaparale jaat hote aanee shodh kharokhar sanganak programbaddal navhata. jaree nikalat jore deela gela qee vaparlele tark heey eae. pii. oo. neey lagoo kelelya prakarapeksha barech vegale hote, taree nyayadhishanna samadhan vatale qee eae. pii. oo. tyanchya swatachya tark vaparoon tyach nishkarshavar pohochala asata.
yaa nirnayamule, shodhat keval vyavasay aadharit yogdan nahee tarr tantrik yogdan dile pahije, assa aagrah dharnyavar eae. pii. oo. chya avalambitvavar teeka hote. dyson wii hoover' madheel nikaladvare purava midalyanusar, ekhadya shodhachi vyavsayik parshvabhoomi hii eka vishisht tantrik pragati spasht hotee kinwa navhati heey darshavinyat madat karoo shakate.
research inn motion yuu. keey. limited' madhye. samanyatah, "eae. pii. oo. neey manjur kelelya patentver vichar karanyachi sandhee brittonchya uchch nyayalayala midali. petantmadhye web prushthe mafak prakriya kshamatechya yantranvar download karnyapurvi tyanchi 'purvaprakriya' karane samavisht hote. shree. nyaymurti pumphrey yaa nishkarshavar pohochale qee dawa kelela shodh spasht hota, parantu sanganak karyakram mhanoon paytant sanrakshanatun tyala vagalanyat aale assa aarop visheshtah nakarla. tyanni namood kele qee "serve aadhunik udyog program kelelya sangankanvar avalambun asatat aanee joparyant shodh vagalalelya vishayat" asha "(bharr jodala gela) nasel toparyant anuchhed 52 antargat vishay vagalala gela aahe yaa aadharavar paytant harvoo naye yasathi konee chatur asale pahije.
aerotel wii telco andd macrossions application' madheel yookechya apeal nyayalayachya nikalat, naveen sangeet kinwa katha yasarkhya bigger-tantrik vishayanna, purvichya kalecha bhag mhanoon bauddhikdrushtya pramanik nasalyachi kalpana karnyachya epo practicever teeka kelee. tyanantar eae. pii. oo. apeal mandalanni asey mhanat pratisad deela aahe qee, aerotel/macrossan nikalat lagoo kelela tantrik parinam drushtikon (ryders) european paytant conventionshi tadjod karnyayogya nahee.
germany.
germanymadhye, logicoverification (13 december 1999) prakaranat, german federal courtane (germanh "bundesjerickshoff" kinwa "bii. jee. etch.) sanganakachya amalbajavanichya shodhavar dawa virodh rashtriy paytant arjacha samavesh asalelya eka prakarnavar nikal deela, mhanje" atyant-ekikrut circuitschya shrenibaddha tark padtalanichi paddhat ". mageel prakaran kayadyachya virodhat jaaun, tyane german federal paytant court (germanh "bundespetentgerricht" kinwa "bii. pattag") raddabatal tharavale aanee assa nishkarsh kadhala qee dawa kelelya vishayane 'tantrik' aavashyakta yogyaritya purn kelee aahe, tyaa karanastav paytant karnyapasoon vagalale jaau shakat nahee aanee nyayalayala bhareev tapasani karavi lagel. sanganak karyakram asha prakare' vagalanyabaddalacha prashna prathamach namood karnyat aala hota, parantu nyayalayala too prashna nishchit karanyachi garaj disat naslyamule bajula saranyat aala.
spratchanalycinerichtung" (german bii. jee. etch., 11 meey 2000) aanee "suche fehlerhafter zeichenketan" (german bii. jee. etch., 17 aktoobar 2001) yaa nirnayanmadhye bii. patagche aakshepahi radd karnyat aale. tathapi, mukhya bhoomi europechya nagri kayadyachya paramparet, kayadeshir purvavarti bahutek ingraji bhashik deshanchya samanya kayadyachya paramparanmadhye gruheet dharalele samaan aupcharik bandhanatmak swaroop prapt karat nahee.
kharey tarr, agadi alikade tyach nyayalayane varanvar sanganak aanee tyavar karyarat asalelya programvaril paytant dave nakarnyache samarthan kele aahe, jase qee "rentabilitatsarmitalung" tasech "informationsburmitternigsfurngs" madhye.
france.
france haah pahila european desh hota jyane "leesa programs kinwa serij dii instructions pore leey derolment days operation dii 'yun machine calculatories" ("ganan yantrachya karyanchya miravnukisathi karyakram kinwa soochananchi malika", mhanje.eae. sanganak karyakram) 1968 madhye audhyogik shodh honyapasoon kalam 7 madhye. done sambandhit nirnay, mhanje "mobil oil corporation".", aanee" saa segam ", yanni tantrik patra naan midalyamule petantakshamta nakarli. slumberger" madhye, asey tharvanyat aale qee sanganak karyakramacha konatahi vapar petantakshamtes parvanagi dett nahee. mahitee" madhye, nyayalayane ghoshit kele qee mahitee pranalisathichya davyache nehmich tantrik swaroop asate aanee tyamule too sanrakshanatmak aahe.
ekikrut paytant nyayalay.
unified paytant court heey prastavit nyayalay aahe, jeey germany, france aanee italisah european unionchya anek sadasya deshansathi samanya aahe. ekada teey lagoo jhaale qee konatyahi rashtriy nyayalayapramane european petantsambandhi tyache adhikarkshetra asel. ekikrut paytant nyayalayin karar lagoo jhalyanantar, paytant malakanna european petantsathi ekatmak prabhavachi vinanti karanyachi shakyata dekhil aselah jyacha arth assa aahe qee anudananantar european paytant haah sahbhagi sahbhagi european union deshansathi ekach avibhajya paytant manla jaeel. nantarchya petantsathi, ekikrut paytant nyayalayamadhye samanyatah vishesh kshamata asel. softwarechya sandarbhat, ekikrut paytant nyayalayin kararache kalam kalam, paytant malkachya sammatishivay dekhil softwareche vighatan karnyas parvanagi dete.
software petantala virodh virodh gatanni assa yuktivad keela aahe qee prastavit ekikrut paytant nyayalay paytant nyayadhishandvare chalavale jaeel aanee paytant udhyogashi tyanche majboot sambandh asoo shakatat. tyamule teey asey manatat qee, software patentver bandee ghalanare niyam asoonahi, jase qee, ekikrut paytant nyayalayin kararatil petantdware sanrakshit softwareche vichhedan karnyas spashtapane parvanagi dene aanee tyaa tartudi ekikrut paytant nyayalayin kayadyantargat aananyaivaji european sansadene european union kayadyantargat aananyache ayashasvi prayatna karoon, teey software patentchi amalbajavani karnyas parvanagi dete.
vistarit apeal mandalakade sandarbh.
yaa antargat, eae. pii. oo. chya adhyakshanna kayadyacha eka muddah vistarit mandalakade pathvanyacha adhikar aahe, jethe done apeal mandalanni tyaa prashnavar vegvegale nirnay dile aahet.
27 aktoobar 2006 roji, aerotel wii telco aanee macrossanchya arjat, ingland aanee velsachya apeal nyayalayane (parra yethe) aaplya nikalat mhatale. 25) qee "[yaa software petantakshamatechya kshetrat] eae. pii. oo. apeal mandalanche nirnay paraspar virodhi aahet" aanee (parichhedat dekhil. 25) qee "nishchitach vistarit apeal mandaladvare baabee spasht karanyachi vel aalee aahe". aanee jaree ingraji apeal nyayalayane pudhe mhatale (parra varr. 25) teey pudhe suchavat gele qee, "vistarit apeal mandalala vicharayache prashna paribhashit karane haah aupcharikpane aamcha konatahi vyavasay nahee", asey (parichhedat). 76) asey prashna jeey tyanna vatale qee eae. pii. oo. chey adhyaksh eae. pii. oo. chya vistarit apeal mandalacha sandarbh deu shakatat.
yaa pratisadat, eae. pii. oo. chey tatkalin adhyaksh elen pompedo yanni asey mhatale aahe qee eae. pii. oo. laa rashtriy nyayalayanchya prakaranatil kayadyatil ghadamodinmadhye khoop rus hota aanee tyanni "brittonchya nirnayachi dakhal ghetali hotee, parantu sandarbhasathichya soochananche palan karane yogya tharel qee nahee yavar nirnay adyap ghenyat aalela nahee."tathapi, tyanantar asey disate qee elen pompedo yanni 22 februwari 2007 roji ingland aanee velsachya apeal nyayalayachya laurd justices jacob yanna (united kingdam paytant karyalayala dilelya pratisah) eka patra lihile aahe, jyamadhye tyanni assa sallah deela aahe qee tyanni" "kalam 112 (1) (bii) antargat sandarbhasathi sadhya apura kayadeshir aadhar aahe assa nirnay ghetala aahe", "aanee" "sandarbhasathi yogya vel ashee asel jithe eka apeal mandalane ghetalelya drushtikonamule paytant manjur hoil tarr tarr mandalane ghetalela drushtikon honar nahee".
tyanantar, mandalane nirnay tii 154/04 madhye, "aerotel/macrossan" nikalatil vistarit apeal mandalakade, apeal mandalachya vistarit mandalakade, sandarbhasathi prastavit kelelya prashnanmadhun spashtapane ghetalelya prashnancha sandarbh denyas nakar deela.
akheris, 22 aktoobar 2008 roji, eae. pii. oo. chey tatkalin adhyaksh, ellison brimello yanni kayadyacha eka muddah vistarit apeal mandalakade pathavala. european paytant convention (eae. pii. see.) antargat sangankansathichya programchya petantakshamateshi sambandhit sandarbh vishay asalele prashna aanee eae. pii. oo. chya adhyakshannusar, moolbhut mahatva asalele hote kaaran teey "sanganakeey kshetratil petantakshamatechya maryadanshi sambandhit hote."software-sambandhit shodhanchya petantakshamateche moolyankan kase karave yabaddalachya sakhol vadgrast prashnashi sambandhit mhanoon sandarbh uddhrut keela gela hota. tathapi, meey 2010 madhye, vistarit apeal mandalane sandarbhas asvikarya manale kaaran, tyanchya matey, sandarbhamadhye konatehi bhinn nirnay olakhale gele navhate.
sanganak-amalbajavani kelelya shodhanchya petantakshamtevar nirdesh.
2002 madhye prastavit, 'sanganak-amalbajavani kelelya shodhanchya petantakshamatevaril eae. yuu. nirdesh' yaa vadgrast masudyasathi kiman eka prerana rashtriy nyayalayansathi samaan pratha sthapit karane aanee tyachya vyakhyebabat sanshayachya prakarananmadhye, european nyayalayakadun nirnay ghenyasathi shevatchya tappyatil rashtriy nyayalayansathi aavashyakta nirman karane hii hotee. udaharanarth, switzerland jaree european paytant sansthecha sadasya asala, parantu european unioncha sadasya nasla, taree eae. pii. oo. neey asehi sanket dile qee, aavashyak asalyas, eae. yuu. vidhimandal prakriyetoon shevati joou majkoor samore aala hota, tyachyashi susangat honyasathi, too tyachya paddhatimadhye badal karanyachi shakyata hotee.
tathapi, european kayadyachya yaa kshetrasathi vadhatya kayadeshir kukhyati aakarshit karoon, heey nirdesh atyant vadgrast banale. nirdeshachya samarthakanni dawa keela qee vidyaman eae. pii. oo. pratha ektrit karoon, kalam 52 chaa arth spasht karane haah tyacha uddesh hota. virodhakanni assa dawa keela qee yaa nirdeshamule rashtriy nyayalayandware niyojit kinwa vaparnyayogya software patentingvaril adhik kathor nirbandh door hotil aanee sampoorn european unionmadhye software unionver patentscha dawa vadhel. prakriyatmak bhandanachya itihasanantar aanee donhi bajunchya satatchya lobbing aanee prasiddhichya prayatnannantar, european aayog aanee tyanchya rashtriy sansadechya ulat bahutek sadasya-rajya sarkaranni jyaa nirdeshala mothya pramanat pathimba deela hota, too european sansadene 6 julai 2005 roji mothya pramanat nakarla aanee vidhimandal prakriya radd kelee.
softwarechya vagalanyat sudharana karnyat aalelya yaa apayshala qalaa pasoon sangankansathiche program hatavanyachya ayashasvi prayatnancha pathlag jhaala. 2000 saalee munich yetheel rajnaitik parishadet jhalelya adhiveshanache 52 (2) (see). tyaa velee, yaa eae. yuu. nirdeshasathi sallamasalat prakriyechya parinamachi pratiksha karnyasathi sudharanancha spashtapane upman karnyat aala hota.
asha prakare yaa kshetratil kayadyacha antim arth lavane hii rashtriy prakaran-kayadyache palan karoon rashtriy nyayalayanchi jababdari rahili aahe (european paytant arj nakarla gela kinwa eae. pii. oo. chya samore virodhi karyavahit european paytant radd keela gela tarr vagalata, asha paristhitit eae. pii. see. chya arth lavnyababat eae. pii. oo. kadey antim mutt aahe). european paytant kayadyachya prakaranansathi eka nirnayak atee-rashtriy pradhikaran european union paytant kinwa ekikrut paytant nyayalayasathichya prastavannusar tayar kele jaau shakate.
aakadevari.
2002 chya european aayogachya prasiddhipatrakanusar, "1978 madhye eae. pii. see. lagoo jhalyapasun, sanganak-amalbajavani kelelya shodhansathi kiman 30,000 paytant aadhich jaaree karnyat aale aahet [eae. pii. oo. dware]".
bahya duve.
"lobbing sansthanchya duvyansah adhik bahya duvyansathi, software paytant vadavivad pahaa." 

