eritrian rashtriyatva kayada

eritrian rashtriyatva kayada eritriyachya sanvidhanadvare, sudharit kelyapramane, niyantrit keela jaato; eritrian rashtriyatva ghoshana aanee tyachya sudharana; aanee vividh aantarrashtriy karar jyasathi desh swakshari karnara aahe. heey kayade tharavatat qee eritriyacha nagrik kona aahe kinwa too honyasathi patra aahe. rashtriyatva midvanyache kayadeshir sadhan, ekhadya rashtratil aupcharik kayadeshir sadasyatva, heey rashtriy aanee rashtra yanchyatil haqq aanee deshantargatamchey deshantargat sambandh, jyala nagrikatva mhanatat, tyapeksha vegale asate. rashtriyatva heey aantarrashtriy kayadyantargat ekhadya vyaktiche rajyashi asalele naate darshavate, tarr nagrikatva heey vyakti aanee deshache deshantargat naate aahe. eritrian rashtriyatva samanyatah jus solee, i yaa tattvanusar prapt kele jaate.eae. eritriya kinwa jus sangunismadhye janmalelya, eritriyachya matela kinwa eritriyachya moolchya vadilanna kinwa 1934 purvi eritriya yethe aalelya palakanna. teey tyaa deshashi sanlagn asalelya vyaktinna kinwa tyaa deshat ekhadya tharavik kalavadhisathi vastavya kelelya kayamswarupi rahivashanna naisargikatechya madhyamatoon dile jaau shakate.
rashtriyatva sampadan.
janmaveli kinwa nantarchya aayushyat naisargikikaranadware eritriyamadhye rashtriyatva prapt kele jaau shakate.
janmapasoon.
janmaveli nagrikatva nagrikatva khaleel goshtincha samavesh hotoh
naisargikakaranadware.
jeey lock yaa pradeshat puresha kalasathi rahat aahet, tyanna eritriya, pratha aanee samajachya paramparanmadhye vaparlya olakhalya bhashanpaiki eka bhasha samajate yachee pushti karnyasathi naisargikikaran dile jaau shakate. samanya tartudi ashee aahet qee arjdaranche charitrya aanee vartan changle asate; tyanna konatyahi prakarcha gunhegari gunha nahee; apangatvashivay changle mansik aanee sharirik aarogya asate; aarthikdrushtya teey swayampurn houu shakatat; aanee tyanni swatantrya chalvaliviruddha karvai kelee nahee. 1974 nantar, arjdaranni vees varshe deshat vastavya kele asave, nivassthanachya vishrantila parvanagi dilee gelee asavi aanee 1974 purvi, tethe satat daha varshe vastavya kele asave. nikash purn samavisht paradeshi lokanvyatirikt, naisargik banavalelya itar vyaktinmadhye khaleel goshtincha samavesh hotoh
rashtriyatva gamavane.
iritriyan nagrik rajyakadoon manjuri mileparyant tyanche rashtriyatva sodu shakatat. duheri rashtriyatva (janmanantar) prapt karnyasathi kinwa sarkari adhikrutateshivay (1941-1951) rajyachya sainyat seva denyasathi; rajyachya hitanviruddha karvai karane; eka (1941-1951) rajyacha nagrik asalyache darshavinari karvai karane; gambhir gunhe karane, vishvasghataki krutye kinwa rajya kinwa rajyachya suraksheviruddhache gunhe karane; kinwa fasavanuk, chukiche sadarikaran kinwa naisargikkaran yachiket lapavane yasathi nagarikanna eritriyamadhye aprakrutik kele jaau shakate. jyaa vyaktinche purvi itar rashtriyatva hote parantu jyanni eritrianshi lagn kele aanee ghatasfot ghetala, kinwa tyanchya mool deshachya rashtriyatvat parat jaanyacha prayatna keela, tyanche rashtriyatva gamavoo shakatat.
duheri rashtriyatva.
1992 pasoon eritriyamadhye duheri rashtriyatvala samanyatah parvanagi aahe. jyanna swatantryapurvi duheri darja hota tyanna sarkarkadoon adhikrutata aavashyak aahe. swatantryanantar jeey duheri rashtriyatva gheuun janmala aale aahet teey tyanche rashtriyatva thevu shakatat, parantu jeey naisargik aahet tyanni itar rashtriyatvacha tyag karane aavashyak aahe. jeey vyakti rashtrapati mhanoon kaam karatat, teey eritriyache nagrik mhanoon janmala aale asavet. 
itihas.
ottoman kalavadhi (1557-1869).
aathvya shatkapasoon, beja lokanchi paach rajye-bucklin, bazin, jarine, nakis aanee kaata-ishanya sudanpasoon ethiopiachya tigray prantaparyant pasarleli hotee. tyanchyatalya shatrutvamule sangharsh aanee ghasaranichi satat sthitee nirman jhaali, jyamule 1517 madhye laal samudrachya kinarpattivar ottoman samrajyacha vistar jhaala aanee 1557 paryant habe prantat tyanche rajya majboot jhaale. eritriya eritriya vasahati shaktichi sthapana karoon, automan lokanni pudhil 300 varshe tyanche rajya ladale. aata eritriya asalelya pradeshacha paschim bhag haah fanj saltanaticha bhag hota, joou 1504 madhye udayas aala aanee 1821 madhye ottoman samrajyachya egyptian prantasamor aatmasamarpan kele. automan samrajyachya aat, sahaa shatkanparyant, eka antargat sanstha hotee jee dharmik aanee jaatiy sambandh santulit karoon, kendrikrut rashtriy vichardhareshivay abhiruchi aanee vyavasayanche vajan karoon prajansathi sarkari karye paribhashit karat hotee. ottoman vyaktinishthata dharmashi drudhpane jodaleli hotee aanee bigger-muslim, jarr teey "ahl all-kitab" (pustakache lock), mhanje jyoo, khrishchan kinwa parasi, tarr sultanala curr bharnyas sahmati darshavoon praja honyacha fayda gheu shakatat. curr bharnyachya badalyat 'zimma' navachya kararanusar, sultanane yaa prajanna dharmik swatantrya dile aanee tyanna muslim prajanpeksha qamee darja milanyacha kayadeshiraritya haqq aahe yaa samjasah tyanche jeevan, malmatta aanee hakkanchi hummy dilee. kabulijbab samudayachya netyanni yaa kararala sahmati darshavali, jeey tyanchya samudayachya dharmik kayadyantargat anuyayi aanee tyanchya antargat sanstheche vyavasthapan karat asat.
atharavya shatkaparyant bajari mhanoon olakhalya olakhalya eka rajkiy sanghatnene tyanchya sambandhit dharmik samudayanchya kamanche vyavasthapan kele aanee 'protej pranali' (sanrakshit vyakti) madhye vikasit jhaali. europeey shaktinsobat kararanvar kararavar kartana, 1673 saalee francesobat sharanagati patkarnyapasun, ottoman samrajyane francela kahee ottoman khrishchananvar niyantran, kahee automan roman kaithalikanvar austriyache niyantran, british aanee dutch dutch sarvadhik pasantiche rashtra darja, tasech venis prajasattak aanee russian samrajyache vishisht adhikar dile. yaa kararanchya atinnusar, paradeshi shakti vyavsayik pratinidhi, vanijya doot kinwa dubhashiya mhanoon tyanchya garja bhagvinyasathi ottoman prajechi bharati karoo shakat hotya aanee yaa samarthakanna kayadeshir karvai aanee qamee simashulkasaha vyaparachya visheshadhikaranpasun rajnaitik suut deu shakat hotya. 
kalantarane, yaa vyavasthechya durupyogamule, aashraydatyankadun paradeshi vyaparachi aabhasi maktedari, guptapane patre paytant () vikane aanee vyaktinpasoon sampoorn samudayanparyant sanrakshanasathi paradeshi shaktinkadun maganya jhalya. europeey shaktinchya ottoman prajanvar jhalelya prabhavamule samrajyatil yaa alpasankhyak gatanchi dharana badalali, yacha arth tyanchyakade adhikadhik automan praja mhanoon navhe tarr nivasi paradeshi mhanoon pahile jaat hote. 1798 madhye, napolean yuddhandarmyan france aanee brittonche sangharsh egyptparyant vistarle. 1801 paryant francene haah pradesh tabyat ghetala, jevha frenchancha parabhav jhaala aanee brittonne ottoman samrajyala tyache sarvbhaumatva parat midvanyasathi madat karnyas suruvat kelee. samrajyatil europeanchya vighatankari parinamanna aala ghalanyasathi, 1806 pasoon, ottoman sarkarne paradeshi dutavasanna tyanchya kararanchya atinche palan karanyachi magani karnare nivedan pathvanyas suruvat kelee. rajnaitikdrushtya yash midvanyat ayashasvi tharalelya, 1839 madhye, ottoman sarkarne lachkhori aanee bhrashtachar sampavanyachya prayatnat aanee ottoman prajanchya moolbhut hakkanche rakshan karnyasathi nyayya curr yojana aanee sanstha tayar karnyachya prayatnat gulhanecha hukum jaaree keela. 1856 chya ottoman sudharana aadeshat () vishayanche vargikaran teey muslim aahet qee gair-muslim yavar kele gele, jyamule pratyekala vegvegale nagri darja denyat aale. 1863 madhye, aashraydatyanvaril naveen niyamanni tyanna samrajyat samrajyat visheshadhikaranvar nirbandh ghatale aanee tyanantar kona ottoman praja manale gele aanee kona paradeshi hote heey spasht kele. 
ottoman samrajyachya vishayanchi adhik vyakhya karnyasathi, 1869 madhye naveen rashtriyatva kayada manjur karnyat aala (tabiyet-ii osmaniye kanunmesi, ottoman rashtriyata kayada). kayadyane deshantargat deshantargat aanee nagrikatvache adhikar aivaji, samrajyachya sarvbhaumatvamadhye kona hote, tyache sampadan aanee nuksan karnyachya atty nirdisht kelya. kona eka vishay hota, nishthavan hota yache varnan kele aanee bayka, mule, sthalantarit aanee sthalantaritansathi tartudi kelya. tyachya atinnusar, mule tyanchya vadilankadun rashtriyatva midavatat, yaa pradeshat janmalele paradeshi bahusankhya nagrikatva midvu shakatat aanee itaratra janmalele paradeshi shahee kshetrat paach varshanchya nivasanantar rashtriyatva midvu shakatat. vishisht taratudinmadhye asey samavisht hote qee pradeshat sapadalele aadharstambh; samrajyat (ethiopiamadhye rajyavihin vyakti; muslim mahila, jyanni asha vivahanvar bandee asoonahi, pertian purush aanee asha sangharajyachi mule yanchyashi vivah keela hota; nondani nasalelya vyakti jyanna automan jangananet ganale gele navhate, ektar janganana naan kelyamule kinwa tyanche janm nondanikrut naslyamule, tyaa sarvanna automan manale jaat hote. paradeshi mahilanni lagnadware ottoman nagrikatva midavale, parantu tyanchya jodidarachya mrutyunantar teey tyanchya mool rashtriyatvakade parat jaau shakat hote. rashtrasathi vishesh yogdan kinwa sevechya aadharehi rashtriyatva dile jaau shakate. duheri rashtriyatvas parvanagi hotee, parantu teey nirutsahit kele gele, kaaran sarkar (1941-1951) rajyane automan vishayache naisargikkaran naan manya karane nivadu shakat hote.
1869 madhye jevha suez kalwa ughadala gela, tevha italisathi laal samudra bandar surakshit karnyat madat karnyasathi eka italian, lazarist missionary giuseppe sapetola niyukt karnyat aale. sapeto 1837 madhye pahilyanda eritriyala aala hota aanee tyane akele guzai pradeshat kaam kele hote. nantar tyanni kerenjaval kaam kele aanee tyanna tyaa pradeshatil bhasha aanee sanskratiche dnyan hote. tyane rubatino sagari companychya vatine sthanik pramukhankadun asabchya upasagaravar jameen midavali, jyamule italila yaa pradeshat vasahatvad aanee vyavsayik vistar suru karnyasathi eka tall midala. egypt aanee prapatiy samrajya yanchyatil sangharsh 1870 chya dashakat kayam rahila aanee 1876 madhye, uttarekadil dongral pradeshanna prapatiy pradeshachya yohannes IV neey tabyat ghetale. 1879 madhye, sangharsh sampala aanee brittonne egypt aanee abyssinia yanchyat shantata prasthapit karnyacha prayatna keela, parantu too ayashasvi tharala. 1882 madhye, italian sarkarne rubatino sagari companyche hitsambandh asabla vikat ghetale. italian sanshodhakanni tyanchya prabhavachya kshetracha vistar karnyas suruvat kelee, tevha athang khandkanshi vaad nirman jhaale. 1887 madhye dogali yetheel italian vasahativaril hallyanmule italian lashkari dalanni aakraman kele. 1889 madhye, abyssinian samrat menelic dusra yane italian davyanna manyata dilee aanee vuchelchya tahadvare eritriyachya seema nishchit kelya. 
italian kalavadhi (1889-1941).
italine adhikrut kabja 1889 madhye suru keela aanee 1890 madhye yaa vasahatila aupcharikpane italian eritriya asey naav denyat aale. 1861 madhye italichya ekikaranadarmyan italian vyaktiparkatva pahilyanda ghoshit karnyat aale. rajye ekatra yet asatana, tyanchi purvichi rajye aanee duchy astitvat navhati aanee malakiche konatehi paryayi sadhan tayar kele gele navhate. asha prakare, march 1861 madhye purvichya savoy-piedmont-sardiniya rajyane adhikrutpane ghoshit kele qee purviche piedmonties vyaktinishthata sampoorn italiparyant vistarit karnyat aalee hotee. rajeshahiprati asalelya tyanchya nishthechya aadhare rahivashanna sanrakshn dile jaat hote. vyaktinishthata hii italian vadilankadun prapt jhaali hotee aanee vadil adnyat asateel tarach tee prasutitoon prapt houu shakat hotee. pradeshatil janmala vegvegalya bhagat vegalya paddhatine vagavale jaat asey; kahee rajyanmadhye teey vyaktiparak hote aanee itaranmadhye teey navhate. naisargikikaran aanee naisargikkaran prakriya dekhil prantanusar badaltat. 1865 madhye vividh rajyanmadhil kayade rashtriy kayadyat sanhitabaddha karnyat aale, jyat naveen nagri sanhitecha samavesh hota, jee 1 janewari 1866 roji lagoo jhaali.
1865 chya nagri sanhitenusar, kutumbachi ekata haah sanhitecha prerak paya hota, tyamule vanshavadavar bharr denyat aala. mulacha janm kuthe jhaala yachee parva naan karata, joparyant vadil adnyat navhate toparyant rashtriyatva pitrutvachya aadharavar ghetale jaat asey. yaa pradeshat janmalelya mulanche vadil italian asalyache manale jaat hote aanee tyanna rashtriyatva denyat aale hote. daha varshe yaa pradeshat (ethiopiamadhye paradeshi nagarikansathi italimadhye janmaleli mule bahusankhya nagrikatva midvu shakat hotee aanee jeey aavashyak nivassthan purn karoo shakale naheet, tyaa paradeshi nagarikansathi yaa pradeshat janmalele lock rashtrasevenantar bahusankhya italian nagarikatvachi nivad karoo shakat hote. patninni tyanchya patichya rashtriyateche palan karane aavashyak hote. paradeshi lokanshi vivah kelelya italian mahilanni tyanche italian nagrikatva gamavale aanee vivah sampushtat aala aanee tyanni italimadhye nivas sthapit keela tarach teey punha midvu shakat hote. italian purushanshi lagn samavisht paradeshi striyanni italian nagrikatva midavale aanee vivah sampushtat aalyanantarhi teey kayam thewale. 1901 chya kayada 23 dware rashtriyatechya taratudinmadhye sudharana karnyat aalee, jyat tyaa pradeshat kinwa paradeshat janmalelya mulanna, jeey vadilanni rashtriyatva gamavalyamule paradeshi jhaale aahet, tyanna sansadechya hastakshepashivay rashtriyatva midvanyachi parvanagi hotee. kayada kra. 217 (soninocha kayada mhanoon olakhala jaanara), 17 meey 1906 roji manjur karnyat aala, jarr rajya parishadene arjala pathimba deela aanee arjdar ektar italimadhye kinwa vasahatinmadhye sahaa varshe rahila asel kinwa tyane italian rajyala chaar varshe seva dilee asel kinwa teen varshe italian mahileshi vivah keela asel tarr shahee aadeshadvare naisargikakaranas parvanagi dilee.
vasahatvadi vyaktimatva matrubhumipeksha vegale hote. 1911 madhye eritriyasathi nagri sanhitecha () masuda tayar karnyat aala hota, parantu too adhikrutpane kadhihi lagoo jhaala nahee kaaran too amhareek, arabi aanee italian bhashet prakashit karane aavashyak hote. tathapi, tyacha margdarshak mhanoon vapar keela gela aanee asey sangitale gele qee tyaa pradeshat janmalelya kinwa tyaa pradeshat mool asalelya jamatiche sadasya italian praja hote parantu tyanna italimadhye janmalelya lokansarkhe nagri adhikar navhate. jarr ekhadya vasahatvadi vishayache nagri haqq prapt karnyasathi naisargikkaran kele gele, tarr tyancha darja kutumbatil itar sadasyanna prasarit houu shakat navhata. jaree asey bahutansh sambandh anaupacharik hote, taree vasahatvadi praje aanee mahanagar prajedarmyan kayadeshir vivahat janmaleli mule aapoaap italian bunley. lagnabaher janmaleli, jyanna kayadeshir manyata midali hotee kinwa adhikrut vasahatvadi janm nondinmadhye kayadeshiraritya manyata midali hotee aanee nondani jhaali hotee, asha mulanna dekhil aapoaap sampoorn nagrikatvasaha italian nagrikatva denyat aale. mahanagaratil italian lokanshi vivah samavisht sthanik mahilanna aapoaap mahanagar darja midala, parantu jarr ekhadya mahanagaratil mahilene ekhadya mool vyaktishi lagn kele tarr tee ticha darja kayam thevu shakali, kaaran tee mool purushachya aashrit asanyachi shakyata qamee asalyache manale jaat hote. 
1912 madhye, italine naveen rashtriyatechya tartudi (kayada kra. 555) matrubhumibaher (ethiopiamadhye italian lokanna sambodhit karane. tyane mahanagaratil nagarikansathi kutumbatil rashtriyatechya aikyachya tattwala aavhan dile nahee aanee italian vadilanchya vanshajanni italian rashtriyatva dile. parantu, jarr mulacha janm paradeshat asha deshat jhaala asel jyane 'jus solee' dware aapoaap aapale rashtriyatva dile asel, tarr italian rashtriyatva bahumatapramane sodoon dile jaau shakate. yaa tartudichi bharr dett, jaree nirvasitanni yapudhe nagrik mhanoon kaam naan karane nivadle asale tarihi, italila sthalantaritanche rashtriyatva kayamswarupi olakhane aanee italishi sambandhit asalyachi bhavna vadhavane shakya jhaale. paradeshi lokansathi, tyane samanya nivasachi aavashyakta paach varshanparyant kinwa rajyachya sevet asalyas teen varshanparyant qamee kelee. 1914 madhye, vasahatvadi aanee mahanagaratil prajanmadhil vivahanna nirutsahit karnyasathi, eritriyamadhye eka aadesh jaaree karnyat aala hota, jyamadhye nagri sevkala vasahatvadyashi lagn kelyanantar tyanchya padancha rajinama dene aavashyak hote. teen varshannantar, eritriya camillo dii camillismadhil rajpratinidhi governorne pitrutvachi sweekruti vicharat naan gheta konatyahi dvi-vanshiy () mulala svayanchalit mahanagar rashtriyatva denyache nirdesh jaaree kele.
1922 teey 1943 darmyan, musolinichya facist rajvatine aafriket tasech bhoomadhyasagariy rajyanmadhye aapala pradesh vistarla. eritriyavyatirikt, italian pradeshanmadhye ethiopia, libia aanee somalia yancha samavesh hota. 1933 chya kayadyane bekaydeshir mishra-vanshatil mulanna tyanchya bahumataparyant pohochalyanantar mahanagar darja nivadanyachi parvanagi denyachya prathes aupcharik manyata dilee. 1936 madhye, ethiopia, eritriya aanee somaliyache pradesh ekach vasahatit, italian purv africa () madhye ekatra karnyat aale. junmadhye, italine purv aafrikesathi vyaktiparakatechi punarnirdharan suru kelee. naveen kayadyane hii tartud kayam thewali qee vasahatvadi vishay haah mahanagar italian kinwa itar konatyahi rajyachya rashtriy vanshacha nahee. italian vadilanchya kayadeshir kinwa kayadeshir mulanna mahanagar rashtriyatva denyache dhoranahi tyane chaloo thewale. parantu, mishra vanshachya mulansathi bahusankhyankane mahanagar darja nivadanyachya tartudi tyane radd kelya. pudhe, 1937 madhye sammat jhalelya apbhranshavirodhi kayadyane upapatnitvavar bandee ghatali aanee pudhchya varshi (1941-1951) eka kayadyane mahanagar aanee sthanik prajanmadhil aupcharik vivahanvar bandee ghatali. mishra vivah bekaydeshir jhaale aanee doshi tharalyavar tyanna paach varshanchya shikshechi shiksha hote. 1940 madhye manjur jhalelya kayadyane mishra-vansh, bekaydeshir, vaidh, kayadeshir, kinwa adnyat palakanchya mulanna mahanagar darja denyas manai kelee, joparyant teey tyaa varshi tera varshanche jhaale navhate, italian mhanoon vadhavale gele hote aanee tyanchya changlya charitryachi pushti karoo shakat navhate.
british kaal (1941-1951).
(1941-1951) mahayuddhachya kalat, british netrutvakhalil sainyane 1941 madhye eritriya tabyat ghetala aanee british lashkari prashasanachi sthapana kelee. hegg kararachya atinnusar, brittenla eritriyache aarthik aanee samajik sthairya rakhanyasathi asha prakare prashasana karayache hote. prashasakeey kharchatil tyancha kharch qamee karnyasathi, britishanni pramukhyane italian dhoran aanee nokarshaha yaa donhi goshti kayam thevalya. tyanni amalat aanaleli dhorane yuddhanantar british hitsambandhancha vistar karnyasathi eritriyachi falani karnyacha vichar karoon hotee aanee parinami rajkiy ashantata aanee aarthik asthirata nirman jhaali. 1950 madhye, sanyukt rashtranni eka tharav swikarla qee eritriyacha samavesh ethiopiacha swayatt bhag mhanoon keela jaanar aahe. boliviachya eduardo enz matienzo yanchi iritriyamadhye yuu. aine. chey aayukt mhanoon kaam karnyasathi, rashtrala ethiopia samakalit karnyasathi aanee janteshi sallamasalat kelyanantar sanvidhanacha masuda tayar karnyasathi nivad karnyat aalee. tyanni meey 1951 madhye sallamasalat suru kelee aanee eritriyala antargat svayatta denara prakalp purn keela parantu too federal ethiopian pradhikaranachya adheen hota.
ethiopian kalavadhi (1952-1991).
1952 madhye, shahee aadesh kra. 6, jarr iritriya haah ethiopia aanee iritriyachya mahasanghacha bhag asel aanee tyachya pradeshatil jyaa konatyahi rahivashakade itar rashtriyatva nasel tyala ethiopian rashtriyatva pradan kele jaeel. aadeshat ashihi tartud karnyat aalee aahe qee, jaree tyanni aadeshachya tarkhepasun sahaa mahinyanchya aat paradeshi nagrikatva kayam thevanyachi ichcha vyakt kelee nasel, tarr eritriyachya eka palakachya kinwa aajee-aajobanchya potee eritriya yethe janmalelya vyakti aapoaap ethiopian praja banatat. 1930 chya ethiopian rashtriyatva kayadyantargat, tyaveli lagoo asalele ethiopian vyaktiparkatva ethiopian palkakadoon vanshadvare prapt kele gele. jarr mulanna kayadeshir kinwa kayadeshir tharavale gele asel tarr tyanna tyanchya vadilanche rashtriyatva midale. jarr vadilanni tyanna kayadeshir manyata dilee nasel tarr bekaydeshir mule prasutitoon rashtriyatva midvu shakatat. jarr ekhadya ethiopian mahileche kayadeshiraritya paradeshi vyaktishi lagn jhaale asel, tarr tichi mule keval tyanche itar konatehi rashtriyatva nasalyache siddha karoon tiche rashtriyatva midvu shakat hotee, kaaran vivahit ethiopian mahilanni aapoaap tyancha darja gamavala aanee jarr tyachya deshane teela rashtriyatva dile tarr patiche rashtriyatva midavale. ethiopian lokanshi lagn samavisht paradeshi striyanna aapoaap ethiopian darja midala. swayam-samarthak, amharikmadhye askhalit aanee gunhegari nond nasalelya vyaktindvare paach varshanchya nivasanantar kayadeshir praudhandware naisargikkaran prapt kele jaau shakate. arjdarachya patnila teey aapoaap lagoo hott navhate.
1962 madhye, ethiopiane aupcharikpane mahasangh radd keela aanee eritrian sarkar radd kele, jyamule eritrian swatantryayuddha jhaale. eritriyala prant mhanoon samavisht samavisht shahee aadeshachya atinnusar, eritriyachya serve rahivashanna, jarr tyanchyakade paradeshi nagrikatva nasel tarr, sampoorn rashtriyatva pradan kele jaat asey. 1974 madhye, jevha ethiopian rajeshahi ulthavoon taknyat aalee, tevha konatahi naveen rashtriyatva kayada prasarit karnyat aala nahee. 1987 chya janvadi lokshahi prajasattak ethiopiachya sanvidhanachya kalam 31 antargat, jyaa vyaktinche palak ethiopian hote, tyaa ethiopian hotya. 1974 teey 1987 darmyan ethiopiache shasson karnari lashkari satta, durg shasson, hii julami aanee dadapshahi hotee, jyamule mothya sankhyene eritrian desh sodoon paloon gele aanee nirvasit mhanoon paradeshat rahile. 1991 madhye jevha tyanna padchyut karnyat aale, tevha ethiopian lokanchya krantikari lokshahi aaghadine shasson karnyasathi swikarlelya sanademadhye rashtriyatechya konatyahi tartudi navhatya. tyach varshi, eritrian peaples liberation frontney "vastavik" (anadhikrut) swatantrya prapt kele aanee ethiopian lokanna tyachya pradeshatoon hakaloon dile. hakalpatti karnyat aalelya lokanmadhye sarkari karmchari, lashkari dall aanee tyanchya kutumbancha samavesh hota.
swatantryanantar (1992-sadhyache).
ghoshana kra. 21 janewari 1992 roji, eritriyachi swatantra rajya mhanoon sthapana jhaali, parantu 1993 chya sarvmatane naveen rashtrachya nirmitila pushti mileparyant, rahivashanna kayadeshiraritya ethiopia aanee eritriya yaa donhimadhye duheri rashtriyatva hote. 1992 chya rashtriyatva ghoshanenusar, mule donhi palkankadun samaan rashtriyatva midvu shakat hotee. jyanna rashtriyatva denyat aale hote tyanchi vyakhya 1934 purvi eritriyachya rahivasi vanshache lock mhanoon kelee gelee hotee. 1934 teey 1951 darmyan deshat aalele lock rashtriyatvasathi arj karoo shakat hote aanee jeey 1951 nantar aale hote, tyanchyasathi teey jaree adhik pratibandhit asale taree, rashtriyatesathi arj karoo shakat hote kaaran ethiopiamadhye (ethiopiamadhye eritrian lokansathi rashtriyatebaddal satat anishchitata aahe, 1996 madhye donhi deshanchya sarkaranni prastav mandala qee paristhiti nishchit karnyasathi, prabhavit jhalelya lokanni tyanche rashtriyatva nivadave. 
1998 madhye eritrian-ethiopian yuddh suru jhaale. seema vivad aanee rajkiy-aarthik tanav hii tatkal karane asali taree donhi deshanchya rashtriyikaranamule sangharshala chalana midali. 12 juuna 1998 roji, ethiopiyatun eritriencechya mothya pramanat nirvasanala suruvat jhaali. nirvasitanpaiki anekanchi olakh ethiopian mhanoon jhaali aanee niyam manmani hote. kahee nirvasne asha lokanvar aadharit hotee jyasathi donhi palak moolatah eritrian hote, kahee mishra palakatva asalelya mulanche hote, tarihi itaranni keval eritrian pita asalelyanna kinwa fakt eritrian maata asalelyanna lakshya kele. janmatsangrahat sahbhagi jhalelya matdaranchya yadicha vapar eritriensana rashtriyikaran aanee haddapar karnyasathi aadhar mhanoon ethiopiane karnyas suruvat kelee, parantu jyanni bhag ghetala navhata asha anekanna haddapar karnyat aale. eritriensani nantarchya sangharshat tyanchya pradeshat (ethiopiamadhye ethiopianna najarkaidet thewale aanee haddapar kele. 12 december 2000 roji algiers kararavar kararavar jhalyanantar yuddh adhikrutpane sampale. 
2000 saalee, vataghatichya shantata atincha bhag mhanoon sthapan jhalelya eritriya-ethiopia dawa aayog yaa swatantra sansthela asey aadhalale qee janmat chachanipurvi eritriya rajyala adhikrutpane manjuri denyat aaleli naslyamule, sarvamatat sahbhagachya aadhare ethiopian lokanna naisargikaritya nakarane aantarrashtriy kayadyanusar bekaydeshir hote. reed crosschya aantarrashtriy samiteene 2002 paryant donhi deshanmadhil pratyarpanavar dekhrekh thewali. 2003 madhye seema seemankan sthapan karnyat aale aanee jaree ethiopia yaa thikanashi sahmat nasla taree shantata prasthapit jhaali. 
janewari 2004 madhye, ethiopiane ethiopiamadhye (ethiopiamadhye irritrianschya rashtriyatevar eka nirdesh (ethiopiamadhye (ethiopiamadhye irritrianschya rahivashi sthitee nishchit karnyasathi jaaree kelele nirdesh) jaaree kele. jyanna rashtriy surakshecha dhoka navhata, eritriyachya swatantryapurvi teey deshat rahat hote aanee jyanchyakade eritrian rashtriyatva navhate, teey ethiopian rashtriyatva kinwa kayamswarupi nivasachi nivad karoo shakat hote aanee pravasachi kagadpatre aanee parpatra midvu shakat hote. mahilanvaril bhedbhav nirmulanavaril samitee aanee sanyukt rashtra manavadhikar parishadesarkhya aantarrashtriy manavadhikar sanghatananni veloveli kelelya punravlokananmadhye asey namood kele aahe qee 1992 chya rashtriyatva ghoshanene mule aanee jodidaranna rashtriyatva midvinyasathi laingik samanata dilee asali taree, rajyavihin vyaktinche, visheshtah tyanchya pradeshat janmalelya mulanche, jyanche palak dnyat aahet parantu tyanna rashtriyatva nahee, sanrakshn karnyasathi kayada apura aahe. yaat apang vyaktinshi bhedbhav keela jaato aanee rashtriyatva gamavanyachya taratudinmadhye manmani vanshik aadhar aanee janmane nagarikanshi aanee jyanna naisargik kele gele aahe tyanna asman vaganuk dene samavisht aahe.

