
sahkari kendriya vinimay

1917 madhye sthapan jhaleli aanee 1931 chya vasant rutupasoon kendriya sahkari ghauk mhanoon olakhali jaanari sahkari kendriya vinimay (see. see. eae., keskusosuskunta) hii pramukhyane amerikechya varchya madhyapashchim rajyanmadhye sthit grahakanchya sahkari sansthanchya jaalyachi samanvayatmak sanstha hotee. minnesotachya duluthchya finish enclavechya shejari asalelya wisconsinchya gret lakes poort ciity auph superiormadhye sthit, sahkari kendriya vinimayane 'reed starr' aanee 'sahkari' chya sarvottam 'brand navankhali swatachya branded utpadananchi eka shreni tayar kelee aanee 1928 pasoon varshik $10 lakhanpeksha jaast kamai kelee.
sahkari kendriya vinimay haah amerikechya samajvadi pakshachya finish samajvadi mahasanghashi aanee nantar amerikechya communist pakshachya (see. pii. yuu. ess. aii.) finish mahasanghashi sambandhit asalelya kattarpanthi finish-american kamgar chalvalishi jawalun sambandhit hota. samyavadi pakshachya niyantranatil kattar anuyayanni 1939 paryant tikanara pratispardhi sahkari gut tayar karnyasathi sanghatana sodoon dilyane 1931 madhye phoot padali.
supermarketchya yugat tyacha aakar aanee takad qamee hott asalyane, 1963 madhye madhyavarti ghauk sanstha madhyabhoomi sahkari sansthanmadhye villin karoon sampushtat aanali gelee, jee 1982 madhye land oo 'lakes sahkari sansthecha bhag bunley.
itihas.
suruvatichi varshe.
sahkari kendriya vinimay (see. see. eae.) hii 30 julai 1917 roji wisconsinchya varishtha shaharat jhalelya 19 finish-american grahak sahkari sansthanchya pratinidhinchya baithakit sthapan jhaleli eka sahkari mahasangh hotee. sanyukt rajyanchya varchya madhyapashchim bhagatil sahkari dukananche vidyaman jaale ektrit karnyasathi kendriya samanvay sansthechi kalpana anek varshanpasun tayar hott hotee, jee mothya pramanat kharedi kelyas samanyatah vikalya jaananya vastoo adhik swastat kharedi karnyachya ichhevar aadharit hotee. sahkari sansthanna karvai karnyas pravrutt karane, sarvat mothya pradeshik kirana aanee haard goods holsell vikretyane rabavalelya bhedbhavpurn patt paddhati hotya, jyanni tyanchyashi spardha karananya khajgi malkichya kirkol vikretyanchya sangnyavarun sahkari sansthanna patpurvatha pratibandhit keela. kendriya sahkari upkramachya shubharambhamadhye samanvay sadhanyat 'pelto jaa kotee' (shet aanee ghar) yaa niyatkalikachi mahattvachi bhoomika hotee.
karyarat bhandavalamadhye $15.50 chya alp rakmesah aanee sahanubhootishil sthanik vruttapatrapeksha adhik changlya karyalayin jaaga upalabdh asalyamule, dukane see. see. eae. navane tyanchya ghauk magani gola karoo lagali. sahkari dukananche aupcharik mahasangh mhanoon sansthechi sthapana lavkarach jhaali, jaree sansthechi suruvat lahan hotee, 1917 chya akheris ekoon 15 sahkari sanstha yaa upkramat sameel honyas sahmat jhalya. aadeshanchya sanyojanane gatatil sahbhaginna tyanchya aavashyak purvathyachya kimmatinmadhye savalati midavalya aanee 1917 madhye sahbhaginna keval $480 chya bhandavali guntavanukivar $268 chaa napha midvoon deela.
see. see. eae. chya astitvachya 10vya varshachya akheris, 16,500 dollarschya agadi qamee rakmechi ubharani karoon, sambhag sadasya dukananmadhye sahkari ghauk bajarat vikale gele. ghauk nafyachya punarniveshadvare atirikt nidhi ubharanyat aala, jyamule 1927 chya akheris see. see. eae. chee nivval sampatti sumare $67,300 paryant pohochali. guntavanuk rokhe aanee karjachya vikridvare atirikt nidhi ubharanyat aala, jyamule uchch darjachya teen majali mukhyalay suvidha sthapan karane shakya jhaale.
jaree mulat qamee madhyasth kharchasah shetkyanna grahakanshi jodanari sanstha mhanoon kalpana kelee gelee asali taree vyavharat kendriya vinimay lavkarach bharbharatichya ghauk puravatha karyat vikasit jhaala, jyane shevati 200 hoon adhik sahkari dukananmadhye swatachya branded utpadananchi nirmiti aanee vipanan kele.
see. see. eae. grahak sahkaryachya rokdel pranalivar aadharit hotee aanee pramukhyane mishigan, minnesota aanee wisconsin yaa varchya madhyapashchim rajyanmadhil dukanansathi ghauk vitaran kendra mhanoon kaam karat hotee. 1921 madhye sthapan jhalelya northern states qoo-operative leag (aine. ess. see. ell.) chya madhyamatoon haah gut yaa pradeshatil itar sahkari sansthansobat samaan karyat dekhil guntala hota, jyamadhye see. see. eae. haah sarvat motha ghatak sadasya hota. sahkari kendriya vinimay mandalache agraganya sadasya savery alane heey 1920 chya dashakachya uttaradhat aine. ess. see. ell. chey karyakari sachiv hote.
shaikshanik upkram.
tyachya sanlagn sadasya-dukananmadhye pramananusar utpann honanya ghauk kimmati qamee karnyachya prastavyatirikt, sahkari kendriya vinimayane kirkol dukane adhik yashasvi karnyachya uddeshane shaikshanik upkram aayojit kele. yamadhye 1918 madhye sthapan jhalelya dukan vyavasthapakansathi prashikshan shaala aanee etch. dwara vikasit kelelya sahkari dukanansathi hisheb thevanyachi eka sadhee aanee karyaksham pranali suru karane yancha samavesh hota.vhee. noormi. see. see. eae. neey patpurvatha karoon dukane vikanyachya pratheviruddha moheem dekhil rabavali-eka dhokadayak pratha jee rokh pravah samasya nirman karate aanee niyatkalik aarthik mandichya parinamala adhik tivra karate.
juuna 1918chya akheris aayojit karnyat aalelya pahilya varshachya prashikshan karyakramat 16 vidyarthyanna moolbhut hishebshastra shikavale gele. pudhchya varshi yaa karyakramacha vistar chaar aathvadyancha abhyaskram aanee 40 vidyarthi upasthit asalelya vistarit abhyaskramaparyant karnyat aala. 1920 madhye 5 aathvadyanchya abhyaskramat aanakhi vistar karnyat aala, tyanantar 1927 madhye 8 aathvadyanchya abhyaskramat badal karnyat aala.
see. see. eae. chya prashikshan karyakramachya pahilya 9 varshant ekoon 222 vidyarthyanni haah karyakram purn keela, jyapaiki andaje 80 takke sahkari dukananmadhye nokarila gele. prashikshakanmadhye see. see. eae. chey anek varishtha adhikari aanee george hallonen, escale rone, savery alane, matty tenhunen aanee etch. saha 'timese' chya sampadakiy karmchanyancha samavesh hota.vhee. itarambarobarach nurmi.
swatantra sahkari sansthanna paryayi thikani valvinyaivaji upgrah shakhandvare vistar karoon, aaplya sadasyanna tyanche karya kendrikrut karnyache aavahan karnyat see. see. eae. chey prabhavi yogdan hote. asha prakare hisheb aanee kharedichi kaame ektrit aanee suvyavasthit kelee jaau shakatat aanee naveen sahkari dukananmadhil prashaskansathi shikanyachi karv qamee kelee jaau shakate.
brand aanee utpadane.
rajkiyadrushtya kattarpanthi sanstha, see. see. eae. chaa sarvat prasiddha haus brand 'reed starr' hota, jyacha logo samyavadi chalvaliche hatode aanee sikalache chinh thalakpane darshavato.
see. see. eae. chya vikrisathi utpadit kelelya sarvat mothya vastunpaiki eka coffey hotee, 1927 madhye vacuum pack kelelya eka paund dabyachya parichayasah vikri sumare 325,000 paundanparyant vadhali. sahkaryasathichya vikrichya babatit heey dusare sarvat mothe utpadan hote. pramukh 'reed starr' brand vyatirikt, see. see. eae. neey aapali coffey 'pieberry', 'reed boy', 'sahkari' chee aavadati 'aanee' rochdale 'yaa brand navankhali qamee pramanat vitarit kelee."
see. see. eae. neey dababand kelele tomato, vatane, makaa, peach, suup, olive aanee olive teel, batatyacha starch peeth, valaleli fale, nyaharitil dhanye, toothpics, machaya aanee itar utpadanansathi laal taara brand naav dekhil vaparale.
gavhache peeth, kamache hatmoje aanee itar koradya vastunsathi see. see. eae. dware 'sahkari' chey sarvottam 'brand naav vaparale jaat asey.
see. see. eae. neey aktoobar 1918 pasoon superiormadhye swatachi bekari chalavali, jee sampoorn pradeshat sahkari dukananmadhye bhakari aanee itar bekari vastooncha puravatha karat hotee. moolatah see. see. eae. chya mukhyalay imaratimadhye sthit asalelya ghauk vyavharanchya vadhimule 1925 paryant suvidha kshamateparyant tanali jaat hotee aanee bekari naveen nivassthananmadhye halavanyacha nirnay ghenyat aala hota. 5vya rastyachya kopyat aanee bhavya margachya kopyat asaleli eka majali vitanchi imarat kharedi karoon tiche nutanikaran karnyat aale aanee naveen oven basavanyat aale. pahilya varshichya naveen timahitoon bekarichi ekoon vikri 70,000 dollar itaki jhaali.
communist pakshashi ladha.
1929-30 chya hivalyat see. see. eae. chya netrutvakhali vegane kendrikrut hott asalelya communist paksh, yuu. ess. aii. (see. pii. yuu. ess. aii.) chya nishthavan sadasyanmadhye aanee swatantra sahkari sanghatanela pathimba denadhyanmadhye eka kadvi phoot nirman jhaali. moolbhut sangharsh haah kattarpanthi viruddha puranmatvadi ladhai navhata, tarr rajkiy tattvadnyan aanee davpech yaa prashnavar kattarpanthi gatanmadhil ladhai hotee-serve kamgar varg gatansathi aanee aarthik madhyamandvare samajache nutanikaran karnyacha prayatna suru thevayala havah qaa, qee sanghatana hii samyavadi pakshachi aupcharik shistabaddh sahayak bunley pahije, jyamule rajkiy sangharshala pradhanya midale?
kamgar (communist) pakshachya netyankadun eka patra midalyavar, 25 julai 1929 roji sankat suru jhaale. rokhichya tanchaichya pakshakade see. see. eae. kadoon tatkal 5,000 dollarsche "karj" magnyasathi palak aanee max bedat. yaa patranantar itaranni communist pakshachya itar upkramansathi adhik paishanchi magani kelee. see. see. eae. madheel communist pakshachya anshane (seela) yaa soochanancha vichar keela parantu sanghatanatmak swatantryachya navakhali paishanchya maganya nakarat aanee see. see. eae. netrutvachya bigger-communist sadasyankadun heey prakaran gupt thevun pakshachya shistit modanyacha nirnay ghetala. keval aktoobar 1929 madhye see. see. eae. chya sanchalak mandalachya adhikrut baithakit heey prakaran nidarshanas aale.
communist pakshachya adhikaraviruddhachya yaa bandala, finnishche sarvoch nete irjo "george" hallonen yanchi kapusamadhun twarit hakalpatti jhaali-yaa maryadit pratikriyecha uddesh sahkari kendriya devanghevanichya itar communistanna pakshachya magnyanna manyata denyacha ishara dene assa hota. pakshachya shistit parat yenyasathi dabav vadhavanyasathi aanee aanakhi eka aarthik magani purn karnyasathi pakshache varishtha adhikari robbert minor yanna wisconsinla pathvanyat aaleh qee yapudhe see. see. eae. neey tyachya varshik vikripaiki 1 takke samyavadi pakshala (mhanje, $10,000 prati $10 laakh vikri) "daan" karave.
see. see. eae. communist pakshachya selane punha pakshachya netrutvachi hii soochana nakarli aanee communist pakshachya madhyapashchim finish vruttapatrane, gatachya masik niyatkalikache sampadak hallonen tasech vyavasay vyavasthapak escale rone yanchyavar 'timese' (karyakarta) ughad kele. pakshane hakalpatti kelelya halonenchya see. see. eae. sanchalak mandalakadun hakalpattichi magani kelee, parantu mandalane nakar deela. yaa velee communist madhyamancha hallah vyapak jhaala aanee sampoorn sahkari kendriya vinimay kamgar vargachya hetusathi bandkhor mhanoon taknyat aala. haah vaad 1930 aanee 1931 paryant suru rahila.
hii ladhai kadoo aanee vaiyaktik hotee, kutumbanche vibhajan hote, muthichya ladhayanna uttejan dile aanee agadi 'sahkari pyramid nirmatyacha' sampoorn muddah tyachya kattarpanthi swatantra sahkari aanee communist pakshache nishthavant yanchyatil phoot padalyachya vadgrast kavharejamule vitarit honyapurvich jaalanyacha 'hukumshahan' chaa prayatna dekhil jhaala. dadapshahiche prayatna thambavanyapurvi sumare 1500 pratee nasht karnyat aalya. yaa vadhimule see. see. eae. neey swatache vruttpatra suru kele, kaaran yaa uddeshasathi 'sattapalat' chey stambh aata upalabdh navhate.
1931chya vasant rututil bhagdharkanchya varshik baithakitach pakshachya thet niyantranala virodh karananya gatane sansthevar antim niyantran midavale aanee tyache naav badaloon kendriya sahkari ghauk asey kele. navyane sudharit kelelya kendriya sahkari ghauk companynehi 1933 madhye tyachya reed starr haus brandveril packagingmadhye sudharana kelee, eka taayachya aat done devdaranchi zaade asalelya naveen rachanechya bajoone communist hatoda aanee kudal kadhoon takale.
cpusala nishthavan asalelya sanghatanechya gatane eka pratispardhi sanghatana, kamgar aanee shetkari sahkari sanghatana (tyolisten jaa farmarian osustoiminalinan yethteslitto) sthapan kelee, joou eka gut 1939 madhye finlandvaril soviet aakramanadarmyan sampushtat yeiparyant astitvat rahila.
adhikrut avyav.
1926 pasoon sahkari kendriya vinimayane wisconsinchya superiormadhye prakashit honare 'sahkari pyramid builder' heey masik suru kele. yaa prakashanache sansthapak sampadak, jeey 1920 chya dashakat sattevar rahile, teey see. pii. yuu. ess. aii. chey diggaj george hallonen hote; tyache vyavasay vyavasthapak escale rone hote.
1931 saalee sansthepasun davya pakshachi vibhagani jhaali aanee see. see. eae. chey sambandhit naav badaloon "sahkari kendriya ghauk" karnyat aale, tyamule sansthechya prakashanat badal jhaala, naveen naav aanee naveen swaroop sweekarle gele. yapudhe heey prakashan 'sahkari nirmata' mhanoon olakhale jaeel aanee vartmanpatrache swaroop vaparale jaeel. haah kagad 1963 saalee kendriya ghauk vikri bund jhalyanantar tikoon rahila, akheris 1982 saalee too 'land oo' lakes cooperative world 'madhye villin jhaala.
yaa prakashanat sahkari aanee samajvadi chalvalinchya batamya aanee chhayachitre, sadasyanchya dukanandware vikrisathi aanalelya naveen utpadananchya jahirati, tasech kavita aanee laghukatha yancha samavesh hota. 1930 chya dashakat davya vicharsaranichi rajkiy samagri qamee jhaali, jee dusya mahayuddhanantarchya varshant jawaljawal nahishi jhaali.
sahkari pyramid builder' chaa pahila ank 18,000 pratinchya vruttapatratil pradarshanasah tayar karnyat aala. prakashanachya 1926 chya udghatan varshasathi sarasari prasar 8,000 hota. 1963 chya madhyabhumitil sahkari sansthanmadhye vilinikaranadarmyan 65,000 teey 70,000 chya shreneet vruttapatrachi prasarmadhyame chalvat asatana, 'sahkari nirmatyachya' vruttapatranchya aavrutya kahisha mothya pramanat tayar kelya gelya asalyache disate.
ingraji bhashetil 'builder' vyatirikt, see. see. eae./see. see. doubleu. neey finish bhashet eka prakashan tayar keleh 1929 chya uttaradhat 'timese' saha vibhajan jhaale tevha vruttpatra mhanoon suru karnyat aalele 'keskusosuskunnan' (kendriya sahkari vinimay sandeshvahak) heey vruttpatra, 1930 madhye tyache swaroop aanee naav badaloon 'tywen osustoimintalehti' (kamgaranche sahkari masik) kele. heey finish bhashetil masik 1965 paryant nirmitimadhye rahile.
nantarchi varshe aanee samapti.
pudhil pidhitil finish-american pramukhyane ingraji bolat asalyane, 1930 chya dashakapasun kendriya ghauk vikriche americankaran honyas suruvat jhaali, haah cull 1930 madhye sansthene prathamach finish naan bolananya kshetriy aayojakachya nemanukimule spasht jhaala. 1940 chya dashakachya madhyaparyant kendriya ghauk companyne yaa pradeshatil itar bigger-finish sahkari samanvay sansthanshi jawalun kaam karnyas suruvat kelee hotee, jyat madhyabhoomi sahkari sanstha aanee shetkari sanghatanechya kendriya vinimay sansthancha samavesh hota.
1940chya dashakat vaadh suruch rahili, see. see. doubleu. chey 50,000 sadasyansah 126 sanlagn dukananchya jaalyapasun aanee 1941madhye $47 lakhanchya vikripasoon sumare 90,000 sadasyansah 211 dukananparyant aanee 1948madhye sumare $11.5 lakhanchya vikriparyant vaadh jhaali. tathapi, pudhil dashak itake dayalu navhate, kaaran kendriya ghauk sansthene united statesmadhil supermarketchya vadhimule mothya pramanat dirghakalin ghasaran suru kelee. aakar aanee shaktichya yaa hanimule see. see. doubleu. yaa pradeshatil itar samvichari udhyoganshi aupcharik ektrikaran karnyasathi pravrutt jhaale.
madhyavarti ghauk aanee madhya pradesh sahkari sansthanna ekatra aananyachya vilinikaranachya yojananna december 1962 madhye antim roop denyat aale. 19 march 1963 roji kendriya ghauk sadasyanchya varshik baithakit yaa yojananna manjuri denyat aalee, jevha madhya pradesh sahkari sansthanmadhye vilinikaran karoon tee prabhavipane sampushtat aanali gelee. 1982 madhye land oo 'lakes sahkari sansthet vilinikaran karoon madhyabhoomi sahkari sanstha sampushtat aanalya jaatil.