
davikadil-ujavikadil vishamata

davya-ujavya vishamata (ell. aar. vishamata) hii prarambhik garbh vikasatil prakriya aahe jee dwaipakshik garbhatil samanya samamiti todate. prushthavanshiy pranyanmadhye, davya-ujavya sanghatakachya (jyache naav prajatinnusar badalate) navachya sanrachanet davya-ujavya vishamata vikasachya suruvatilach sthapit hote aanee tyamule garbhachya davya aanee ujavya bajus vividh sanket marg sakriy hotat. yamule praudhanmadhye anek avayavanmadhye ell. aar. vishamata vikasit hote, jase qee hrudayachi jhukane, sharirachya pratyek bajula fuffusanche vegvegale bhag aanee sharirachya ujavya bajula pooat aanee pleeha yanchi sthitee. jarr hii prakriya manavanmadhye yogyaritya hott nasel tarr parinami heterotax kinwa citus inverses syndrome houu shakato.
ell. aar. vishamata aksherukansah serve pranyanmadhye vyapak aahe. aksheruki ell. aar. vishamatachya udaharananmadhye fiddler khekadyache mothe aanee lahan panje, 'drosophila melanogaster' madheel asamam aantadyachi gundali aanee gastropodschee dextral (ghadyalachya dishene) aanee synisteral (ghadyalachya viruddha dishene) gundali yancha samavesh hoto. hii vishamata khekadyachya panjanpramanech vishisht avyavasah kinwa vaishishtyanparyant maryadit asoo shakate kinwa gogalgayapramane sampoorn sharirat vyakt kelee jaau shakate.
vikasacha aadhar.
vegvegalya prajatinni ell. aar. patterning vegvegalya yantrana vikasit kelya aahet. udaharanarth, manav, undeer, maase aanee bedook yasarkhya anek prushthavanshiy prajatinmadhye ell. aar. namunyasathi siliya mahattvapoorn aahe, parantu sarpatanare prani, pakshi aanee dukransarkhya itar prajatinmadhye siliavina ell. aar. vishamata vikasit hote.
siliya aashrit prushthavanshiy prani.
ell. aar. aayojakche naav prajatinnusar badalate aanee tyamule undaranmadhil node, bedkatil gastrocoel chhappar plate aanee zebrafishmadhil kupfarchya putika yancha samavesh hoto. pratyek prakaranat ell. aar. aayojak garbhachya prushthbhagavar aadhalato aanee pratyek aayojak peshila peshichya prushthbhagavar ekach siliya asato. prushthbhagachya prushthbhagachya peshinche sthan aanee siliyachya prushthbhagachya sthanache sanyojan yacha arth assa aahe qee jevha siliya firate tevha too aayojakachya prushthbhagavar davikade pravah nirman karato. jaree heey rasayanik/prathine sanketamule hote qee peshi pravahala sharirikdrushtya sanvedana dett asalyamule hote, taree kahee vadavivad aahe, pravahamule aayojakachya davya bajula 'see. aar. ell. 2' nasht hoto aanee 'nodal' abhivyakti vadhate. donhi babatit, signal nantar davya bajukadil plate mesodermmadhye hastantarit keela jaato jithe too "nodal", "petex 2" aanee "lefty 2" yasah janukancha aanakhi signalling cascade sakriy karato.
siliya swatantra prushthavanshiy prani.
kombadyanmadhye, ell. aar. asamamiti henson node navachya sanrachanet sthapit kelee jaate. itar bahutek prushthavanshiy pranyanpramane, yaa prakriyet siliya samavisht asalyache manale jaat nahee kaaran (i) menduchya nodmadhye gatishil siliya nasate aanee (ii) itar prajatinpramane, siliya nirmitivar parinam karananya utparivartananmule kombadyamadhye parshviy dosh hott naheet. tyaeivaji, kombadya asamamiteey peshi punarrachanedware ell. aar. vishamata sthapit karatat, jyamule hensonchya nodjaval peshinchi davikade halchal hote.
aanakhi eka abhyasat asey aadhalun aale aahe qee dukaranchya davya ujavya sanghatkanmadhye siliya nasate, asey suchavate qee dukrankade ell. aar. vishamata sthapit karnyasathi paryayi siliya swatantra yantrana dekhil aahe.
naun-kasheruki deuterostomes.
alikadech, sanshodhanatun asey disun aale aahe qee nodal-pitaks 2 marg haah naun-vertebrate deuterostomesmadhye (tunicates, see archin) upasthit aahe aanee karyarat aahe. tunicate (essidian) madhye 'sayna aantr' aanee 'halocynthia roretzee', 'nodal' heey vikasit honanya garbhachya davya bajula vyakt kele jaate aanee 'petex 2' chya khalchya dishene abhivyaktila karanibhoot tharate. suruvatichya tappyanvar, samaan etch +/keey + atpage aayan vahinya yogya davya-ujavya namunyasathi aavashyak asalyache nondavale jaate. yethe siliyachi bhoomika adyap aspasht asali taree, eka abhyasat asey disun aale aahe qee "etch" madhye davya-ujavya nirdharanasathi mothya pramanat bhrun halchali aavashyak aahet. roretzee, aanee hii halchal bahudha pittachya halchalindware sadhya kelee jaate.
davya bajuchya tunicate aanee kasherukichya sthitichya ulat, sagari archinmadhye, garbhachya ujavya bajula 'nodal' vyakt keela jaato. kaaran protostomes davyaivaji tyanchya ujavya bajula 'nodal' dekhil vyakt karatat (khalee charcha keleli), kahinni asey suchavale aahe qee heey dorsaventral inversion hypothesisasathi aanakhi purave dete.
protostomes.
ecdisozoa.
tarr "dii. melanogaster aanee nematode 'synorhabditis elegans' davya-ujavya vishamata darshavtat, nodal signalling marg swatach ecdisozot anupasthit asato. tyaeivaji, mayao31df sarkhe cytoskeletal niyamak, eka prakarcha id aparamparik myosine, jananendriyasarkhya avyav pranalinmadhye davya-ujavya vishamata niyantrit karnyasathi aadhalale aahet.
lophotrocozoa.
ecdisozoachya vipareet, lophotrocozoansmadhil anek vanshanmadhye nodal-pitaks 2 marg olakhale gele aahet. jevha brachiopods aanee molaskmadhye aadhaltat, tevha hii januke ujavikade asampramanat vyakt kelee jaatat. platyhelminth, analyds aanee nermetiansmadhye nodal orthologcha abhav asato aanee tyaeivaji keval petex 2 vyakt karatat, jeey majjasanstheshi sambandhit hote.
gastropodsmadhye sampoorn shariratil davya-ujavya vishamata.
sampoorn sharirachi ulatya avastha hii jatharpittinmadhye kieral (dextral, synisteral) gundali mhanoon disun yete. jaree dextral coiling heey sarvat samanya aahe kaaran teey jiwant prajatinchya 90-99% madhye disate, tarihi synisteral prajati ajunahi anek vela udbhavalya aahet.
shale coiling vikasatmak aadhar.
gastropodsmadhye sarpil vichhedan hote, jeey vaishishtya samanyatah lophotrocojoansmadhye disun yete. jevha bhrun vibhajit hote, tevha peshinche chaturthansh ekmekanshi konat asatat. gogalgayanmadhye "limnia stagnalis", pahilya peshi vibhajanadarmyan firanyachi disha, tisya fatalyavar (8-peshi tappa), praudhanmadhye dextral kinwa synisteral coiling disel qee nahee heey soochit karate, dextral gogalgayanmadhil spindle ghadyalachya dishene jhukalele asatat tarr teey synisteral gogalgayanmadhye ghadyalachya ulat dishene asatat. yavyatirikt, "ell" injection dene. dusya dhruviy shareer nirmitipurvi dextral andyanchya cytoplasms peregra 'synisteral undy synisteral bhrunanchi dhruviyata ulatatil. hii aakadevari darshavate qee kyrality varasatvane milanari aahe aanee 'limnia' madhye prasutipoorv jamaa keleli aahe.
yaa varshachya aanvik aadharavar anek abhyas suru jhaale aahet. "nodal" aanee "petex 2" heey "ell" chya vegvegalya bajunni vyakt kele jaatat. stegnalis 'bhrun tyachya kyralitiver avalambun-dextralsathi ujavikade, sinistralsathi davikade. nodal, decapentaplegic (dii. pii. pii.)" chya khalchya dishene, samaan abhivyakti namuna darshavito. limpetmadhye (gundallelya kavchanshivay gastropods) "dii. pii. pii." heey "patella valgata" aanee "nipponakmiya fuscoviridis" madhye samamitiyapane vyakt kele jaate. yavyatirikt, "aine. fuscoviridis, 'dii. pii. pii.' heey peshinchya prasaras chalana denare darshavile gele aahe.
nodalchya varchya bajula, "lsdia1/2" heey "l" niyantrit karnyat guntalele aahe. stagnalis kyrality. davison aanee itar. (2016) kyrality lokasache 4.00 embi kshetravar nakashe kadhale aanee heey nishchit kele qee 'lsda2' heey dextral kinwa synisteral coiling nishchit karnyasathi sambhavya umedvar aahe. heey diaphanus-sambandhit formin januk aahe jeey cytoskeleton tayar karnyat guntalele aahe. formin kriyakalap rokhana aushadhanni upchar kelelya bahereel bhrunanni synisteral sthitichi phenocopy kelee. kuroda aanee itarankadun samvarti kaam. (2016) tyach "lsda2" janukala (tyanchya abhyasat "lsda1" mhatale jaate) olakhale, parantu davison aanee itaranmadhye formin pratibandh parinamanche punarutpadan karnyat teey ayashasvi tharale. abhyas. yavyatirikt, kuroda aanee itar. (2016) davison aanee itaranmadhye disalyapramane asampramanat vyakt kelele "lsdia2" aadhalale nahee. (2016) abhyas.