manus anandi

gaay benvenist (27 februwari 1927-3 december 2022) heey eka sanstheche siddhantkar hote, jyanni niyojanache rajkaran aanee nokarshahanna badalasathi adhik anukool honyasathi protsahit karnyachya margambaddal lihile aahe.
prarambhik jeevan.
benvenistcha janm 27 februwari 1927 roji francechya parris yethe jhaala. tyane meey 1942 madhye mexicomadhye aashray ghenyasathi vichee france sodala. tyanni harvard vidyapithat shikshan ghetale, jithe tyanni 1948 aanee 1950 madhye abhiyantrikimadhye bs aanee ms prapt kele. 1954 madhye americet sthalantar karnyapurvi tyanni bandhkam abhiyanta aanee mexican light andd power companysathi arthshastradnya mhanoon kaam kele. tyanantar teey californiatil menlo park yetheel stanford sanshodhan sansthet ruju jhaale, jithe tyanni saur urjechya arthshastrasaha aarthik abhyas haatee ghetala aanee nantar nantar jagatil deshanchya aarthik vikasat sahbhagi jhaale.
1961 madhye, kenedi prashasanachya suruvatila, tyanna american madat sansthechya punarrachanevaril krutee dalat naav denyat aale. december 1961 madhye teey kenedi prashasanat ruju jhaale aanee sanskrutik aanee shaikshanik mudyanvar rajya vibhagat kaam karat hote.
1962 chya madhyat jevha bankene vikasansheel deshanmadhil shaikshanik prakalpanna vittapuravatha karnyas suruvat kelee tevha benvinist jaagtik bankechya bankechya sameel jhaale. teey afaganistanla gele aanee tyaa deshala shikshanasathi dilelya bankechya pahilya qamee vyajachya karjache samarthan karnyat sahbhagi jhaale. 1963 madhye bankene tyanchi parisla badali kelee. tyach varshi nantar teey unescomadhye ruju jhaale, jithe tyanni unesco international institute phaur educational planningchya nirmitimadhye mahattvachi bhoomika bajavali. 1965 paryant teey tethe rahile.
benvinistne tyanantar stanford vidyapithat samajshastra niyojanamadhye ph. dii. prapt kelee aanee 1968 madhye berkley yetheel california vidyapithatil graduate school auph education pradhyapkanmadhye tyanchi niyukti karnyat aalee.
bauddhik varsa.
niyojan siddhant.
berkley yethe asatana, benvenistne niyojan aanee nokarshahichya samajshastravar pustakanchi malika prakashit kelee. tyanche 'kaushalyache rajkaran' aanee tyanantarchya khandanni niyojanachya kinwa tantrik sallah denyachya prakriyeche vishleshan kele. benvenistne assa yuktivad keela qee jarr tyanchya yojana mage ghyayachya nastil kinwa adakoon padaychya nastil tarr niyojak aanee tadnyanna tyanchya tantrik yuktivadanchya sandarbhat rajkiy vastavancha vichar karava lagel. asha prakare, kalpananchi amalbajavani karnyachya samasyanvaril sahityache teey suruvatiche samarthak aanee yogdankarte hote.
niyojanachya samajshastravaril tyancha pahila lekh 1968 madhye prakashit jhaala. tyanni aanee itar suruvatichya lekhakanni assa yuktivad keela qee niyojanachya tantrik samasyanchi changli samaj asane heey niyojanakartyanna aavashyak aahe. jyaa rajkiy aanee sanghatanatmak sandarbhat niyojan jhaale teey tyanna samajoon ghene aavashyak hote. benvenistne tantrik vastav tyachya rajkiy aanee sanghatanatmak sandarbhat spasht karnyat madat karnyasathi eka saiddhantik yuktivad pradan keela. kahee satya sattekade valavanyache suchavalyamule tyanche kaam nehmich kahise vadgrast hote.
tyanchi prakashne eka chaturthansh shatkat pasarleli aahet. tyanche pahile pustak, meksikomadhil niyojanache vishleshan, 1970 madhye prakashit jhaale. niyojan aanee sudharananchya rajkiy pailunche adhik changle aaklan karnyat teey pahile yogdan yogdan eka hote. tyamule tyanchya karyakade tyaa velee laksh vedhale gele. asha prakare tyanni tarksangat niyojan pratimanavar teeka kelee aanee shahari niyojan prakriyechi adhik changli samaj nirman karnyat yogdan dile. nantar, benvenistne tyachya 'niyojanachya rajkaranavar prabhutva midvane' (1994) madhye niyojkansathi adhik sakriy rajkiy bhoomikeche samarthan kele. yaa karyakade laksh vedhale gele aanee 1993 madhye 'niyojan siddhant' yaa niyatkalikacha nauu lekhancha eka ank tyasathi samarpit karnyat aala.
sansthecha siddhant.
sanghatanatmak siddhantatil benvenistchya yogdanamadhye 1977 madhye prakashit jhalelya 'nokarshahi' aanee tyanantarchya khandancha samavesh hota. niyojkanmadhye asalelya tyanchya swarsyamule tyanni vyavsayik aanee vegane badalatya vatavaranat tyanchya bhoomikanvar laksh kendrit kele. yaa kamanmadhye, benvinistne "vyavasay" yaa sankalpanevar aanee adhik lavchik aanee anukool sanstha tayar karnyat vyavsayikanchya bhoomikevar laksh kendrit kele. adhik prashikshit vyavsayikanna adhik vivekbuddhi deuun sansthanmadhil niyantranache vikendrikaran karane shakya aahe heey tyanni dakhavun denyacha prayatna keela. 1994 madhye prakashit jhalelya tyanchya 'ekvisavya shatkatil sanghatane' chey chinmadhye bhashantar aanee prakashan karnyat aale.
nantarche jeevan.
1993 madhye nivrutt hoiparyant benvinist berkley yetheel california vidyapithatil pradhyapkanmadhye rahile. tyanantar tyanni chitrakalet vel ghalavala aanee anek karyakram kele. anek varshe, sann franciscochya aadhunik qalaa sangrahalayatil kalakar dalanat tyanche pratinidhitva karnyat aale.

