sarvat yogya vyaktiche astitva

"sarvat yogya vyaktiche astitva" haah eka vakyansh aahe joou naisargik nivadichya yantraneche varnan karnyacha eka marg mhanoon darwinian utkrantivadi siddhantatun udbhavala aahe. tandurustichi jaivik sankalpana hii punarutpadak yash mhanoon paribhashit kelee jaate. darwinian bhashet, haah vakyansh "asha swarupache astitva jeey salag pidhyanmadhye swatachya sarvat jaast pratee sodel" asey changlya prakare samajale jaate."
charles darwinche 'prajatinchya utpattivar' heey vakya vachalyanantar, herbert spensorne pahilyanda heey vakya tyachya 'jivashastrachya tattvanmadhye' (1864) vaparale, jyamadhye tyane swatache aarthik siddhant aanee darwinchya jaivik siddhantanmadhye samanata rekhatalih 'heey sarvat yogya astitva, jeey mea yethe yantrik drushtine vyakt karnyacha prayatna keela aahe, teey shree. darwinne 'naisargik nivad' kinwa jivanachya sangharshat pasantichya vanshanche sanrakshn asey mhatale aahe."
naisargik nivadi" laa paryay mhanoon spensorchya "sarvat yogya pranyanche astitva" yaa naveen vakyanshala vaparnyachya alfried russell wallachya soochanela darwinne sakaratmak pratisad deela aanee 1868 madhye prakashit jhalelya "paliv prani aanee vanaspatinchya vividhatemadhye" haah vakyansh swikarla. inn "prajatinchya utpattivar", tyane 1869 madhye prakashit jhalelya pachvya aavruttit haah vakyansh sadar keela, jyacha arth "tatkal, sthanik vatavaranasathi adhik changlya prakare tayar kelela" assa hota.
vakyansh itihas.
herbert spensorne tyachya swatachya ahavalanusar, tyachya 1852 chya 'loksankhyechya siddhant' madhye 'sarvat yogya vyaktiche astitva' yasarkhya sankalpaneche varnan kele aahe. charles darwin yanche 'prajatinchya utpattivar' heey vakya vachalyanantar tyanni pahilyanda heey vakya vaparale-1864 chya tyanchya 'jivashastrachya tattvanmadhye' jyamadhye tyanni tyanchya aarthik siddhant aanee darwinchya jaivik, utkrantivadi siddhantanmadhye samanata rekhatali, asey lihile, 'heey yogyateche astitva, jeey mea yethe yantrik drushtine vyakt karnyacha prayatna keela aahe, teey shree. darwinne 'naisargik nivad' kinwa jivanachya sangharshat pasantichya vanshanche sanrakshn asey mhatale aahe."
julai 1866 madhye alfried russell wallace yanni darwinla lihile qee vachakanna asey vatate qee 'naisargik nivad' yaa vakyanshane nisargache 'nivad' mhanoon moort swaroop dile aahe aanee asey mhatale qee 'sarvottam' chey astitva 'hii spensorchi sandnya swikaroon haah gairsamaj talhala jaau shakato. darwinne lagech uttar dile qee wallache patra "divasachya prakashaitakech spasht hote. echchya fayadhyanvishayi tumhi jeey kahee bolata tyachyashi mea purnapane sahmat aahe. sarvat yogya vyaktiche astitva' hii spensorchi utkrusht abhivyakti aahe. matra, tumche patra vachanyaparyant mallah heey jaanavale navhate. tathapi, yaa sandnyela motha aakshep aahe qee tee kriyapadache niyaman karnari mool mhanoon vaparali jaau shakat nahee. jarr tyanna heey patra done mahinyanpurvi midale asate, tarr tyanni 'mool' chya chauthya aavruttit haah vakyansh vaparla asata, joou nantar chhapala jaat hota aanee teey 'paliv prani ii.' vareel tyanchya pudhil pustakat vaparale asate.".
1868 madhye prakashit jhalelya 'paliv prani aanee vanaspatinchya vividhate' chya 6 vya panavar darwinne lihile, 'jivanachya ladhaidarmyan, jyaa jaatinna rachana, rachana kinwa antahpreranet konatahi fayda aahe, tyanche heey sanrakshn, mea naisargik nivad mhatale aahe; aanee shree. herbert spensorne sarvat yogya vyaktiche astitva tikavoon thevun teech kalpana changlya prakare vyakt kelee aahe. naisargik nivad' haah shabd kahee babatint white aahe, kaaran too janivpurvak nivadicha arth darshavato asey disate; parantu thodya parichitatenantar yakade durlaksh kele jaeel. tyanni rasayanshastrat vaparlya jaanarya bhashepramanech aanee "grahanchya halchalinvar rajya karat asatana gurutvakarshanache aakarshan" aakarshan" khagolshastradnyanshi kinwa jyaa prakare "shetkari mansane tyachya nivad shaktidvare gharguti sharyati ghadavalyache" bolatat, tyach pramanech tyanchya sadrushyacha bachav keela. tyanni "anekada nisarg haah shabd murtarupat mandala hota; kaaran mallah hii sandigdhata talhane katheen vatale aahe; parantu mallah nisargane anek naisargik niyamanchi ekoon krutee aanee utpadan mhanayache aahe-aanee kayadyane keval ghatanancha nishchit kram."
aun daad origine auph speesheej' chya pahilya chaar aavrutyanmadhye darwinne 'natural selection' haah vakyansh vaparla hota. 1869 madhye prakashit jhalelya 'daad origine' chya chya aavruttichya aavruttichya adhyayat darwin punha samanarthi shabd soochit karatoh 'naisargik nivad, kinwa sarvat yogya vyaktiche astitva'. sarvat yogya' darwincha arth 'tatkal, sthanik vatavaranasathi adhik changlya prakare julavun ghene' assa aahe, 'sarvottam sharirik aakarat' yacha samanya aadhunik arth nahee (kheladu nasoon kodicha vichar qaraa). parichayamadhye tyanni spencerla purn shrey dile, asey lihile qee "mea heey tattva mhatale aahe, jyadvare pratyek kirkol bhinnata, upayukt asalyas, naisargik nivad yaa sandnyedvare jatan kelee jaate, jenekarun tyacha mansachya nivad shaktishi asalela sambandh chinhankit keela jaau shakato. parantu bahudha shree. dware vaparali jaanari abhivyakti. sarvat yogya vyaktiche astitva tikavoon thevanyacha herbert spensor adhik achook asato aanee kadhikadhi titkach soyiskar asato."
daad mann verses daad steet' madhye, spensorne 'dahashatvadi prakarchya samajanni' tyache siddhant kase sweekarle jaanar naheet yachya vajvi spashtikaranala samarthan denyasathi postscriptmadhil vakyansh vaparla. too yaa shabdacha vapar yuddhatil samajanchya sandarbhat karato aanee tyachya sandarbhatil rupavaroon asey soochit hote qee too eka samanya tattva lagoo karat aahe.
 "asha prakare sarvat yogya vyakti tikoon rahilyane, ugravadi samajache vaishishtya mhanje prashasakeey shaktivaril sakhol vishvas, nishtha aanee serve babinmadhye tyala adhinata nirman karane.
jaree spensorchya sendriya utkrantichya sankalpanecha samanyatah lamerkismcha eka prakar mhanoon arth lavala jaat asala, taree kadhikadhi samajik darwinwadache udghatan karnyache shrey herbert spencerla dile jaate. utkranti aanee naisargik nivadishi sambandhit kinwa anuroop asalelya konatyahi vishayasathi eka mukhya vakyansh mhanoon lokpriy sahityat 'sarvat yogya vyaktiche astitva' haah vakyansh mothya pramanat vaparla jaat aahe. asha prakare teey aniyantrit spardhechya tattvanvar lagoo kele gele aahe aanee samajik darwinwadache samarthak aanee virodhak yaa doghannihi tyacha mothya pramanat vapar keela aahe.
utkrantivadi jivashastradnya heey shabd bigger-shastradnya jyaa prakare vapartat aanee lokpriy sanskratit yaa shabdachya aaspas vadhalelya arthanvar teeka karatat. haah vakyansh naisargik nivadiche guntaguntiche swaroop sanganyas dekhil madat karat nahee, mhanoon aadhunik jivashastradnya naisargik nivad hii sandnya pasant karatat aanee jawaljawal keval vapartat. tandurustichi jaivik sankalpana hii punarutpadak yash (prajananksham nivad), tasech astitva (vyavharyata nivad) yaa donhincha sandarbh dete aanee astitva aanee punarutpadan vadhavinari phenotypic vaishishtye (joou spensorchya manat hota assa arth hota) asalyamule jivanna adhik "tandurust" karata yeil asha vishisht marganni tee vihit nahee.
vakyanshavar teeka karane.
sarvat yogya vyaktiche astitva' haah shabdbandh anekada 'naisargik nivad' mhanoon vaparla jaato, parantu aadhunik jivashastradnyanni too talhala aahe, kaaran haah shabd bhramak asoo shakato. udaharanarth, jagane haah nivadicha keval eka pailu aahe aanee nehmich sarvat mahattvacha nasato. aanakhi eka samasya ashee aahe qee 'fitt' haah shabd anekada sharirik tandurustichya sthitishi gondhalalela asato. utkrantivadi arthamadhye 'tandurusti' haah anuvanshik prakaranchya vargatil punarutpadak utpadanacha darr aahe.
jaivik siddhant vyakt karane mhanoon tyacha arth lavala jaato.
yaa vakyanshacha arth ekhada siddhant kinwa gruhitak vyakt karnyasathi dekhil lavala jaau shakatoh qee 'ayogya' vyakti kinwa prajatinchya ulat 'yogya', kahee arthane 'yogya', kahee chachanitun tickel. tathapi, jevha vyaktinparyant vistarle jaate tevha hii eka sankalpanatmak chook asate, haah vakyansh aanuvanshik gunadharmanchya 'transgenerational' astitwala sandarbh deto; vishisht vyakti agadi aprasangik asatat. vishanujanya kwasispeshisacha sandarbh detana heey adhik spasht hote, "sarvat sapat jagane", jyamule heey spasht hote qee "jagane" haah agadi jiwant asanyachya prashnacha sandarbh dett nahee; tyaeivaji karya karnyasathi prathinanchi karyatmak kshamata.
siddhant vyakt karane yaa vakyanshache arth lavnyane swarshastriy honyacha dhoka asato, jyacha arth sadharanpane 'jyanna jaganyachi pravrutti aahe tyanna jaganyachi pravrutti asate'; aashay thevanyasathi siddhantane jaganyachya sankalpanepasun swatantra asaleli tandurustichi sankalpana vaparane aavashyak aahe.
prajatichya astitvavar aadharit siddhant mhanoon arth lavala jaato, sarvat yogya prajati tikoon rahatat yaa siddhantala, vyakti, loksankhya aanee prajati yanchyat thet spardha disun yet asali taree, udaharanarth ubhaychar, sarpatanare prani aanee sastan prani yasarkhya mothya gatanchya utkrantimadhye spardha hii prerak shakti aahe yache farse purave naheet, yaa puravyandvare dubalavale jaate. tyaeivaji, heey gut rikamya paryavaraniy jaganmadhye vistar karoon vikasit jhaale aahet. paryavaraniy aanee jaivik badalachya viramchinh samtol pratimanat, jagane nishchit karnara ghatak bahutekda spardhetil naheepekaiishaa shreshth nasato, tarr paryavaraniy paristhitinmadhye natyamay badal talhanyachi kshamata asate, jase qee ulkapind prabhavanantar, joou jaagtik staravar paryavaran mothya pramanat badaloo shakato. udaharanarth, 66 dashalaksh varshanpurvi keey-piji prabhavapasun bachavanare mukhya jaminavasi prani bogdyanmadhye rahanyachi kshamata balgat hote.
2010 madhye sahani aanee itar. mothya gatanchya utkrantimadhye, spardhesarkhe aantarik, jaivik ghatak prerak shakti aahet yacha farsa purava nahee, assa yuktivad tyanni keela. tyaeivaji, tyanni mothya utkrantivadi staravar chalana ghatak mhanoon vistarasarkhya bahya, ajaivik ghatakancha hawala deela. ubhaychar, sarpatanare prani, sastan prani aanee pakshi yasarkhya pramukh gatanchi vaadh mokalya paryavaraniy jaganmadhye sandhisadhu vistaramule jhaali aanee ajaivik vatavaranatil mothya badalanmule gatanchi namsheshta jhaali.
naitik siddhant vyakt karane mhanoon yacha arth lavala jaato.
samajik darwinwadi.
assa dawa keela gela aahe qee qee shatkachya uttaradhat bhandavaldaranni jivashastratil 'sarvat yogya' siddhantacha arth 'eka naitik niyam jyane aarthik spardha qamee karnyas parvanagi dilee' assa lavala aanee tyamule 'samajik darwinwad' yaa siddhantacha uday jhaala, jyacha vapar 'leices-phair' arthshastra, yuddh aanee varnabhed yanche samarthan karnyasathi keela gela. tathapi, yaa kalpana darwinchya kalpananchya purvichya aanee samanyatah virodhabhasi aahet aanee kharokharach tyanchya samarthakanni kvachitach darwinla samarthan dile. bhandavalshahi vichardharevar teeka mhanoon 'samajik darwinwad' yaa shabdacha vapar 1944 madhye prakashit jhalelya richard hofstadderchya 'soshal darwinwad inn american thot' madhye karnyat aala.
arajaktavadi.
russian pranishastradnya aanee arajaktavadi pieter kropotkin yanni 'sarvat yogya lokanche astitva' hii sankalpana spardheaivaji sahkaryala aadhar denari mhanoon pahili. " "tyanni tyanchya pustakat, 'sarvat yogya vyakti hii vaiyaktikaritya spardha karnyat sarvottam asane aavashyak nahee, tarr anekada ekatra kaam karnyat sarvottam asalelya lokanpasoon banalela samuday' assa nishkarsh kadhanare tyanche vishleshan mandale aahe". tyanni assa nishkarsh kadhala qee pranyanchya jagaat aapan pahile aahe qee bahusankhya prajati samajat rahatat aanee tyanna jivanasathichya sangharshasathi sarvottam shastre ekatra sapadatatah tyanchya vyapak darwinian arthane samajoon-nivval sadhanansathicha sangharsh mhanoon nahee astitvachi, parantu prajatinsathi pratikool asalelya serve naisargik paristhitiviruddhacha sangharsh mhanoon. jyaa pranyanchya prajatinmadhye vaiyaktik sangharsh tyachya sankuchit maryadeparyant qamee keela gela aahe aanee paraspar madatichya prathene sarvat motha vikas keela aahe, tyaa nehmich sarvat jaast sankhya, sarvat samruddha aanee pudhil pragatisathi sarvat khulya aahet.
hii sankalpana manvi samajat lagoo kartana, kropotkinane paraspar sahayya heey utkrantiche eka pramukh ghatak mhanoon sadar kele, dusare aatm-pratipadan hote aanee assa nishkarsh kadhala qee paraspar sahayyachya saravat, jyala aapan utkrantichya suruvatichya suruvatiparyant parat aanoo shakato, asha prakare aaplyala aaplya naitik sankalpananche sakaratmak aanee nihsanshay mool aadhalate; aanee aapan pushti karoo shakato qee mansachya naitik pragatimadhye, paraspar sangharsh nahee tarr paraspar samarthanacha pramukh bhag aahe. tyachya vyapak vistaramadhye, aajahi, aaplya vanshatil utkrantichi sarvottam hummy aaplyala disate.
toutology.
"sarvat yogya vyaktiche astitva" heey kadhikadhi eka swarvidnyan asalyacha dawa keela jaato. tark assa aahe qee jarr konee 'fitt' haah shabd "phenotypic vaishishtyansah sampann aahe jyamule jaganyachi aanee punarutpadanachi shakyata sudharate" (jeey andaje spencerla kase samajale aahe), tarr 'sarvat yogya jagane' heey fakt 'jaganyasathi adhik susajj asalelyanche jagane' mhanoon punarlikhit kele jaau shakate. yavyatirikt, jarr konee aadhunik jivashastratil 'tandurusti' chee sarvat vyapakpane swikarleli vyakhya vaparali, mhanje punarutpadak yash (yaa punarutpadak yashasathi anukool asalelya patranchya konatyahi sanchapeksha), tarr 'karate' hii abhivyakti eka swarvidnyan banate. haah tark kadhikadhi assa dawa karnyasathi vaparla jaato qee darwincha naisargik nivadidvare utkranticha sampoorn siddhant moolbhootpane swarsaundaryatmak aahe aanee mhanoon konatyahi spashtikaranatmak samarthyapasun vanchit aahe.
tathapi, 'sarvat yogya vyaktiche astitva' (swatachya aanee sandarbhabaher) hii abhivyakti naisargik nivadichya yantranecha atishay apoorn tapasheel dete. yache kaaran asey qee tyat naisargik nivadisathichya pramukh garajecha, mhanje 'varsahakk' chee aavashyakta namood keleli nahee. jarr tandurustichi vyakhya astitva aanee punarutpadanadware kelee gelee tarr heey kharey aahe qee 'sarvat yogya vyaktiche astitva' haah vakyansh swatach eka swarvidnyan aahe. naisargik nivad haah punarutpadak yashatil bhinnatecha eka bhag aahe joou 'varshane 'varshane varnanmule hoto (naisargik nivadivaril lekh pahaa).
jarr kahee varshane milanari patre tyanchya dharkanche astitva aanee punarutpadan vadhavtat kinwa qamee karatat, tarr yantrikdrushtya ('varshane milanari' chya vyakhyenusar) asey disun yete qee, jeey patre jagane aanee punarutpadan sudharatat, tyanchi varanvarta pidhyanpidhya vadhel. yalach tantotant 'naisargik nivadidvare utkranti' mhanatat. dusarikade, bhinn punarutpadak yashakade nenari patre jarr varshane milanari nastil, tarr konatihi arthpurn utkranti honar nahee, "yogyateche astitva" kinwa naheeh jarr punarutpadak yashamadhye sudharana hii varshane naan naan gunadharmanmule hott asel, tarr hii vaishishtye pidhyanpidhya varanvartet vadhanyache konatehi kaaran nahee. nahee shabdant, naisargik nivad keval 'vachalele jagatat' kinwa 'punarutpadak punarutpadan karatat' asey mhanat nahee; tyaeivaji, tyat asey mhatale aahe qee 'vachalele jagatat, punarutpadan karatat aanee' mhanoon 'tyanchya astitvavar aanee punarutpadak yashavar parinam parinam konatyahi' varsahakk 'patrancha prachar karatat. heey vidhan swapramanshastriy naheeh heey chachani karnyayogya gruhitkavar avalambun aahe qee asha tandurustivar parinam karnare aanuvanshik badal pratyakshat astitvat aahet (eka gruhitak jyachi pureshi pushti jhaali aahe.)
mommy wonn sido yanni 'sarvat yogya vyaktiche astitva' yaa pudhil vyakhya suchavalya jyaa jivashastrat aanee itar kshetranmadhye jethe darwinian prakriya prabhavi aahet tethe dekhil parikshan karnyayogya arth deu shakatat. tathapi, chachani karnyayogya pailunpasoon swarshastriy vegale karnyasathi khoop kalji ghene aavashyak aahe. shivay, chachani karnyayogya aanee naan tapasanyayogya vyakhyedarmyanche antarbhut badal heey naisargik nivadiche lasikaran karnyasathiche eka bekaydeshir davpech asoo shakate... chachani karnyayogya gruhitkanshi sambandhit aahe ashee dharana vyakt kartana ".
sanshayvadi samajache sansthapak aanee 'sanshayvadi' niyatkalik prakashak michael shermer yanni 1997 saalee lihilelya 'lock vichitra goshtinvar qaa vishvas thevatat' yaa tyanchya pustakat swarshastrachya samasyela sambodhit kele aahe, jyamadhye teey namood karatat qee jaree swarshastre hii kadhikadhi vidnyanachi suruvat asali taree tee kadhihi shevat nasatat aanee naisargik nivadisarkhi vaidnyanik tattve tyanchya andajatmak samarthyachya aadhare chachani karnyayogya aanee khotee aahet. udaharanarth, shermarne nidarshanas aanoon dile qee loksankhyechya anuvanshashastrane naisargik nivad loksankhyevar badal kevha karel aanee kadhee karnar nahee heey achookpane darshavile aahe. jarr hominid jivashma trilobiteschya samaan bhoogarbhiy staranmadhye sapadale tarr teey naisargik nivadichya virodhat purave asateel asey shermerche gruhitak aahe.

