alessio

giulio alessio (13 meey 1853-19 december 1940) heey 1920 nantar, pannas varshanhun adhik kaal padua vidyapithat arthshastrache aanee rajkiy arthvyavastheche pradhyapak hote. 1861 teey andaje 1900 darmyan tyanni italian karpranalichya utkranticha done khandancha abhyas keela tevha teey adyap tees varshanche navhate. tyanni lihilelya anek granthanpaiki heey eka hote jeey visavya shatkachya purvardhat aanee tyapalikade mukhya pravahatil grunth banale. tyanni rashtriy rajkaranatahi pravesh keela, 1897 teey 1924 darmyan upadhikshak (italian sansadechya nivadoon aalelya sabhagruhache sadasya) mhanoon kaam kele. italimadhye rajkiy paksh vikasit hott asatana teey kattarpanthi pakshache sadasya jhaale. tyanni 1920 aanee 1922 madhye benito musolini sattevar aalyanantar madhya-davya sarkaranmadhye anek mantri niyuktya swikarlya, jyanche davpech aanee dhorane tyanni khodun kadhali.
charitra.
ugam aanee suruvatichi varshe.
giulio alesiocha janm padua yaa pracheen shaharat jhaala hota, jeey jagatil sarvat junya ajunahi astitvat asalelya vidyapithanpaiki eka hote aanee aahe, jeey venisachya paschimes kahee antaravar antardeshiy aahe. tyanche vadil iginio alessio heey sankhyikishastradnya hote. tyanni 1874 madhye nyayshastrat padvi prapt kelee aanee nantar 'istituti teknisi' ('shithilpane, purv-vidyapith mahavidhyalaye') yethe done varshe shikavale. 1877/78 darmyan tyanni vidyapithat eka kaam sweekarle, pradhyapak-rajkarani angelo mesedaglia yanchya vatine vidyarthyanna shikavane, jyanche swatache currier, toparyant, padua aanee rommadhye adhikadhik vibhagale gele hote. 1928 paryant alesione vidyapithat lakshaniy vishranti naan gheta adhyapan suru thewale.
pradhyapak.
1880 madhye, julio alesione vitt aanee ajunahi padua vidyapithat navyane udghatan kelele adhyapan adhyaksh sweekarle, toparyant vakeel mhanoonahi kaam kele. 1894 madhye tyanna samanya (purn) pradhyapak mhanoon badhati denyat aalee.
rajkaran.
rajkaranatil alesiocha sahbhag kiman 1880 salaparyantcha aaheh tyach varshi tyanni kahee mitransobat miloon 'circolo dii' italia 'haah purogami lokshahi samarthak gut sthapan keela, jyacha nantar vistar jhaala aanee tyache naav badaloon' societita kairoli 'asey karnyat aale. aanakhi punarnamkaranamule sanghatanela qamee aspasht naav midaleh 'associazione democratic padowana librale' ('shithilpane' padua udarmatvadyanchi lokshahi sanghatana '). yaa vividh navankhali teey 1924 paryant astitvat rahile. alesione arthsankalpiy khaate haatee gheuun, padua nagarparishadeche sadasya mhanoon anek varshe kaam kele.
march 1897 madhye alessio italichya dvisadaniy sansadechya kanishth sabhagruh aanee ekmev nivadoon aalelya vidhansabheche sadasya mhanoon nivadoon aale. matdanachya keval fereet alpamatdanachya farkane, matdanachya pahilya fereet keval keval kramankavar yeuun, tyanni padua nivadanuk jilhyache pratinidhitva kele. itihaskaranni mage valoon pahilyas, 'aitihasik durgami daav' mhanoon olakhalya rajdhanikade gatacha too sadasya mhanoon basala. (1904 madhye rajkiy punarrachanenantar, 'aitihasik phaar left' chaa vistar aanee punha suruvat karnyat aalee, 'kattarpanthi paksh' mhanoon.) tyanni 1897 teey 1924 darmyan satatyane pratinidhi mandalat kaam karane suru thewale.
1906 chya suruvatila, alpakalin sonino sarkarmadhye, alesione koshagar/vitt vibhagat rajya upasachiv mhanoon kanishth padd sweekarle. 1913 teey 1919 yaa kalat, rajyacha karyakal asalelya kalat, tyanni sabhagruhamadhye sansadiy upadhyakshanpaiki eka mhanoon kaam kele. 1916 madhye teey parismadhil 'aantar-sahyogi sansadela' upasthit rahile, jeey [pratinidhi mandalachya] adhyakshanche pratinidhitva karat hote. 1918 madhye tyanni yach aadharavar aanakhi eka 'aantar-sahyogi sansadela' hajeri lavali, yaveli londonmadhye.
mantri.
november 1919 chya nivadanukit alesiochya sahkari-kattarpanthi francesco severio nitty yanchya netrutvakhali naveen sarkar sthapan jhaale. vibhajit jhalelya nivadanukanchya nikalanmule vyapakpane aadharit sarkari yutichi aavashyakta hotee, jyat puranmatvadi italian peaples partycha samavesh hota. peaples partychya netyanni pratinidhi mandalachya naveen adhyakshansathi sarkari umedvar mhanoon alesiochya nivadila nakaradhikar deela. nittine matra, march 1920 pasoon salag varsh 2020 paryant, tyanna tapal aanee taar mantri mhanoon sarkarmadhye samavisht karnyat yash midavale. keval daha aathvade heey padd bhushavunahi, tapal tapal virodhatmak aandolanabaddal tadjod naan karata drudh vrutti balgoon, tyanni suru kelelya sudharanansah pudhe jaanyas saksham jhaale.
vharsaychya tahavaril vyapak samajik ashantata aanee asantoshadarmyan, juuna 1920 madhye nitty sarkar kosalale, jyachya jaagi utsahi geovanni giolitti yanchya netrutvakhalil naveen yutee sthapan jhaali, jyanni yuddhat italian lashkari sahbhagala kadhihi pathimba naan dilyachya fayadhyasah sattet paratale. naveen sarkarchya aagamanane alessiola padonnati midali, jyanni juuna 1920 teey julai 1921 darmyan udyog aanee vanijya mantri mhanoon kaam kele. tyanni shulk sudharananchya malikeche adhyakshapad bhushavale, jyacha aayativar simashulk vadhanyacha ekandar parinam jhaala, tarr tyanni yuddhadarmyan ladalelya antargat vanijyavaril nirbandhatmak niyantrananmadhye kapat karnyasathi pavale uchalali.
august 1922 madhye alpakalin facta sarkarmadhye nyaymantri mhanoon alessio mantripadavar paratale. tyanni teen mahine heey padd bhushavale, jeey musolinichya yashasvi sattasthapanepurviche shevatche sarkar asalyache siddha jhaale; tyache ayushya dekhil hote. hote kalat, italila bhedasavanara bhoot mhanje facism hota. lokshahi pakshanmadhil ekata tikavoon thevanyacha marg shodhanyacha tivra prayatna karat, alessio geolity aanee orlando yanchya samparkat hota. nyaymantri mhanoon tyanni facist hinsacharachya ghatanancha nishedh keela. octoberchya akheris, romvareel morchachya aadalya ratri, too sahkari mantri jiovanni emendola aanee paolinoo taddei yanchyasobat 'aaa' chya ghoshaneche aavahan karnyasathi sameel jhaala, jyamule rajdhanikade rajdhanikade facist nimalashkari dall aanee itar morchachya virodhat sainya jamvanyacha marg mokala jhaala asata. parantu ghoshanevar rajane swakshari karane aavashyak hote. kadhihi purnapane spasht naan jhalelya paristhitit, kharey tarr, sarkarche pramukh mhanoon, rajakadoon swakshari magitali asalyache disate, parantu tyanchya sambhashanacha tapasheel kahihi asso, rajachi swakshari kadhihi prapt jhaali naheeh nahee ghoshit karnyat aale.
facismchya antargat.
giulio alessio haah jyoo (aanee eka mukt rajmistri) hota, jyamule asey suchavale gele aahe qee vanshanchya karananmule too 1922 chya akheris satta tabyat ghetalelya facist sarkarla anivaryapane virodh karat hota. alessio nishchitpane eka vachanbaddha aanee spashtavakta facist virodhi mhanoon khoop lavkar udayas aala, parantu samkalin srot soochit karatat qee haah pramukhyane rajkiy vishvasacha vishay hota. alessio heey purv-facist kalatil eka aaghadiche rajkarani aanee lokshahivadi hote. aktoobar 1922 paryant teey nyaymantri hote. musolini satta ghetali aanee chorgiri, dhamkavane aanee eka vishisht patalivaril hatyedvare tee kayam thewali. november 1924 madhye, jiovanni emendola, ivano bomomi, piero calamandrei, guido dii rugiro aanee carlo sphorza (aanee itar anek) yanchyasamvet tyanni facismla aataparyantchya virodhapeksha adhik prabhavi virodh denyachya uddeshane tayar kelelya sansthapak jahiranamyavar swakshari kelee. pudhchya varshi alesione benedetto cross yanni lihilelya facistvirodhi vicharvantanchya tathakathit jahiranamyat aapali swakshari jodali.
giacomo matiottichya hatyevar virodhi mandalachya bigger-facist sadasyanni vidhansabhetun maghar gheuun pratikriya dilyanantar juuna 1924 madhye sansadiy virodh prabhavipane sampushtat aala. alessio padua vidyapithat aaplya adhyapan upkramancha vistar karoo shakala. tyanni 1920 madhye rajkiy arthvyavasthecha eka naveen abhyaskram shikavayala suruvat kelee hotee. joou vel urala hota, too vakeel mhanoon tyanchya kamasathi arj karoo shakale.
april 1928 madhye milan yetheel 'fira milano' vyapar jatrechya udghatan samarambhat raja bachavala. yaa shoshanamule gardit asalele chauda lock marle gele aanee pudhil kahee divasant tyanchya jakhmanmule aanakhi anekancha mrutyu jhaala. atyacharachi mothya pramanavar nond jhaali aanee sarkarne aapala adhikar thampane mandanyacha adhikar ghetala. tyanchyapaiki alessio yaa dnyat sarkari virodhakanna mothya sankhyene atak karnyat aalee. hallyatil gunhegaranchi olakh patali nahee. alesiochi lavkarach sutka jhaali, parantu tyache adhyapan padd kayamswarupi gamavane siddha jhaale. matra, itar babatint tyanche vidyapithashi sambandh suruch rahile.
tyachya shevatchya varshanmadhye, alesione tyache shaikshanik shikshan suru thewale aanee tyachya shevatchya pramukh prakashanavar kaam kele, italian rajyavaril done khandanche kaam jeey tyachya mrutyuchya kahee kaal aadhi 1939 madhye prakashit jhaale. 1931 nantar dirghkalapasun "shikshantadnya" asalele alessio heey daha sadasyanpaiki eka hote, jyanni asey karnyasathi vadhatya dabavanantarhi shapath ghenyas nakar deela. 1934 madhye tyanni linsimadhun punarsthapana kelee.
19 december 1940 roji giulio alessio yanche padua yethe nidhan jhaale.

