
beeta auxidation

jaivarsayanshastra aanee chayapchayamadhye, beeta auxidation (beeta-auxidation dekhil) hii eka apchay prakriya aahe jyadvare procariotsmadhil cytosolmadhye aanee eucariotsmadhil mitochondriamadhye charbiyukt aaml renu tutun padatat aanee acetyl-coa tayar karatat, jeey citric aaml chakrat pravesh karatat aanee nadd aanee phaid 2, jeey electron vahtook sakhalimadhye vaparale jaanare saha-utsechak aahet. fatty aesidchya beeta carbonche carbonyl gatat auxidation jhalyamule tyala asey naav denyat aale aahe. beeta-auxidation pramukhyane mitochondrial trifunctional prathinandware sulabh kele jaate, jeey antargat mitochondrial patlasah sambandhit eka enzyme complexes aahe, jaree peroxisome khoop lamb sakhali charbi aamlanche auxidation hote.
beeta auxidationchya eka chakrasathichi ekoon pratikriya ashee aaheh
sakriyakaran aanee puttle vahtook.
mukt medyukt aaml tyanchya nakaratmak prabharamule konatyahi jaivik patalat pravesh karoo shakat naheet. mukt medyukt aamlanni vishisht vahtook prathinandware peshi puttle paar kele pahije, jase qee ess. ell. see. 27 family medyukt aaml vahtook prathine. cytosolmadhye ekada, khaleel prakriya mitochondrial matrixmadhye fatty acid aanatat jenekarun beeta-auxidation houu shakate.
samanya yantrana.
ekada medyukt aaml mitochondrial matrixchya aat aale qee, pratyek chakrat done carbon vegale karoon acetyl-coa tayar karoon beeta-auxidation hote. yaa prakriyet 4 payya asatat.
shariratil bahutek uutindvare medyukt aamlanche auksidikaran hote. tathapi, kahee ootee jase qee sastan pranyanchya laal rakt peshi (jyat mitochondria nasato) aanee kendriya majjasansthetil peshi tyanchya urjechya aavashyakatesathi charbiyukt aamlancha vapar karat naheet, parantu tyaeivaji karbodke (laal rakt peshi aanee neurons) kinwa keaton bodies (fakt neurons) vapartat.
kaaran anek medyukt aaml purnapane santrupt nasatat kinwa carbonchi sankhya summ nasate, tyamule khalee varnan kelelya anek vegvegalya yantrana vikasit jhalya aahet.
summ-kramankit santrupt medyukt aaml.
ekada mitochondria aat gelyavar, done carbon ekak (acetyl-coa) mukt karnare beeta-auxidationche pratyek chakr chaar pratikriyanchya kramane ghadateh
sampoorn sakhali acetyl see. oo. aii. ekkanmadhye vibhajit hoiparyant hii prakriya suru rahate. antim chakr eka esile coa aanee eka acetyl koaaivaji done swatantra acetyl coa tayar karate. pratyek chakrasathi, esile qoo ekak done carbon anoonni lahan kele jaate. yach barobar, phaid2, nadd aanee acetyl koacha eka renu tayar hoto.
visham-kramankit santrupt medyukt aaml.
sarvasadharanpane, vanaspatinchya lipidsmadhye aanee kahee sagari jivanmadhye visham sankhyene carbon asalele medyukt aaml aadhaltat. anek jugarachya pranyanmadhye rumenmadhil karbodakanchya kinwan darmyan mothya pramanat 3-carbon propionet tayar hote. carbon anoonchya visham sankhyes lamb sakhali asalele meed aaml visheshtah jugarachya charbi aanee dudhat aadhaltat.
visham-sankhyechya carbon asalelya sakhalyanche auksidikaran summ-kramankachya sakhalyanpramanech kele jaate, parantu antim utpadane propionyl-coa aanee acetyl coa aahet.
bicarbonate aayancha vapar karoon bicarbonate aayancha vapar karoon methylmalonil-koachya dii-stereoisomermadhye, biotin saha-ghatak, atp aanee propionyl-coa carboxylase yaa enzymecha samavesh asalelya abhikriyemadhye propionyl-coa pratham carboxylated kele jaate. bicarbonate aayancha carbon propionyl-koachya madhya karbanmadhye misalala jaato, jyamule dii-methylmalonil-coa tayar hoto. tathapi, dii rachana methylmalonil-coa epimarezdware ell rachnet enzymatically rupantarit kelee jaate, nantar tee intramolecular punarrachanetun jaate, jee methylmalonil-coa utparivartanadvare (saha-utsechak mhanoon bii 12 chee aavashyakta asate) succinyl-coa tayar karnyasathi utprerit hote. tayar jhalela sasinil-coa nantar citric acid chakrat pravesh karoo shakato.
tathapi, acetyl-coa oxaloacetetchya vidyaman renusah ghanikaran karoon citric acid chakrat pravesh karato, tarr succinyl-coa tyachya swatachya adhikarat eka pramukh mhanoon chakrat pravesh karato. asha prakare suxinate chakratil parisanchari renunchya loksankhyet fakt bharr ghalate aanee tyat asatana nivval chayapachay hott nahee. jevha citric acid cycle intermediatesche heey otane cataplerotic maganipeksha jaast hote (jase qee espartate kinwa glutamate sanshleshanasathi), tevha tyapaiki kahee yakrut aanee mutrapindatil gluconiogenesis margavar, phosphoenolpyruvate karboksikinesdware kadhale jaau shakatat aanee mukt glukojmadhye rupantarit kele jaau shakatat.
asantrupt medyukt aaml.
asantrupt medyukt aamlanche beeta-auxidation hii samasya nirman karate kaaran sis bandh asalelya thikanamule trans-δ2 bandh tayar honyapasoon rokhata yete. yaa paristhiti atirikt done enzymesdware hatalalya jaatat, anoel coa isomerase kinwa 2,4 dynoyal coa reductase.
hydrocarbon sakhalichi rachana kahihi asso, esile coa (duheri bandh asalyamule) esile coa dehydrogenase kinwa anoel coa hydrategesathi yogya thurr naan hoiparyant β-auxidation samanyatah hoteh
saranshah
peroxisomal beeta-auxidation.
jevha medyukt aaml sakhalya mitochondria hatalanisathi khoop lamb asatat tevha peroxisome medyukt aaml auxidation dekhil hote. mitochondrial matrixpramanech peroxisome samaan enzymes vaparale jaatat aanee acetyl-coa tayar hote. asey manale jaate qee khoop lamb sakhali (see-22 peksha jaast) meed aaml, shakhayukt meed aaml, kahee prostaglandins aanee leucotrians heey aktanoyal-qoo tayar hoiparyant peroxisome prarambhik auxidation karatat, tyaa velee teey mitochondrial oxidationmadhun jaate.
eka lakshaniy farak assa aahe qee peroxisommadhil auxidation heey aii. tii. pii. sanshleshanat jodale jaat nahee. tyaeivaji, uchch-sambhavya electron heey oo2 madhye hastantarit kele jaatat, jyamule etch2oo2 utpann hote. tathapi, teey ushnata nirman karate. pramukhyane peroxisome aanee erythrocytes cytosolmadhye (aanee kadhikadhi mitochondriamadhye) aadhalanare catales heey enzyme hydrogen peroxideche paanee aanee oxygenmadhye rupantar karate.
peroxisomal beeta-oxidationsathi peroxisome aanee khoop lamb charbiyukt aamlansathi vishisht enzymeschi dekhil aavashyakta asate. mitochondrial aanee peroxisomal beeta-oxidationsathi vaparlya jaanarya enzymesmadhye chaar pramukh farak aaheth
peroxisomal auxidation uchch charbiyukt aahar aanee cloffibratesarkhya hypolypidemic aushadhanchya vaparamule prerit hote.
urja utpadan.
pratyek auxidation chakrasathi aii. tii. pii. chey utpadan saiddhantikdrushtya 17 itake asate, kaaran naadh 3 aii. tii. pii. tayar karate, fadh 2 2 aii. tii. pii. tayar karate aanee citric acid chakrat acetyl-koache purn paribhraman 12 aii. tii. pii. tayar karate. vyavharat teey sampoorn auxidation chakrasathi 14 aii. tii. pii. chya jawal aahe kaaran saiddhantik utpadan prapt hott nahee-teey samanyatah utpadit honanya prati naadh renusathi 2.5 aii. tii. pii. chya jawal asate, utpadit honanya pratyek fadh 2 renusathi 1.5 aii. tii. pii. asate aanee heey tii. see. aii. chya prati chakr 10 aii. tii. pii. chya barobariche asate (pii/oo gunottaranusar), khalilpramane vibhajit kele jaateh
summ-kramankachya santrupt charbisathi (see. aine.), 0.5 * aine-1 auxidation aavashyak aahe aanee antim prakriyemule atirikt acetyl coa milate. yavyatirikt, fatty acid sakriy kartana aii. tii. pii. chey done samatulya nasht hotat. tyamule ekoon aii. tii. pii. utpadan asey mhatale jaau shakateh
kinwa
udaharanarth, pamitetche (c16, "n = 16") aii. tii. pii. utpadan asey aaheh
takta swarupat darshvileleh
visham-kramankachya santrupt charbisathi (see. aine.), 0.5 * aine.-1.5 auxidation aavashyak asate aanee antim prakriyemule atirikt propionyl coa tayar hoto, joou nantar carboxylation pratikriyedvare sasinil koaamadhye rupantarit hoto aanee asha prakare atirikt 5 atp tayar hoto (1 atp tathapi carboxylation prakriyet vaparale jaate aanee asha prakare nivval 4 atp tayar hote). yavyatirikt, fatty acid sakriy kartana aii. tii. pii. chey done samatulya nasht hotat. tyamule ekoon aii. tii. pii. utpadan asey mhatale jaau shakateh
kinwa
udaharanarth, marjarik aaml (see 17, "aine = 17") chey aii. tii. pii. utpadan asey aaheh
varr varnan kelelya mothya aii. tii. pii. utpadan sankhyancha vapar karananya strotansathi, ekoon 129 aii. tii. pii. = {(8-1) * <aay. dii. 1>-2} prati palmittet samatulya asel.
asantrupt medyukt aamlanche beeta-auxidation done sambhavya atirikt enzymeschya garjemule aii. tii. pii. utpadan badalate.
beeta-auxidation aanee citric acid cyclemadhil samanata.
beeta auxidationchya pratikriya aanee citric acid cyclecha kahee bhag beeta auxidationchya charpaiki teen pratikriyanmadhye sanrachanatmak samanata sadar karatatah fadware auxidation, hydration aanee nadd + dware auxidation. yaa chayapachay marganche pratyek enzyme sanrachanatmak samanata sadar karate.
vaidyakeey mahatva.
beeta-auxidation margavar kiman 25 enzymes aanee vishisht vahtook prathine asatat. yapaiki 18 chayapachayatil janmajat truti mhanoon manvi rogashi sambandhit aahet.
yavyatirikt, abhyas asey soochit karatat qee lipid vikar heey tumerginesischya vividh pailunmadhye samavisht aahet aanee fatty acid chayapachay ghatak peshinna hypoxic vatavaranasathi adhik pratirodhak banavate. tyanusar, karkarogachya peshi fatty acid sanshleshan aanee mitochondrial fatty acid auxidation (eff. aii. oo.) yaa donhi sandarbhat aniyamit lipid chayapachay pradarshit karoo shakatat, jeey tumerginesis aanee peshinchya vadhichya vividh pailunmadhye guntalele aahet.