
germanium dioxide

germanium dioxide, jyala germanium (4) auxide, germania aanee germaniumche meeth asehi mhanatat, heey geo2 yaa rasayanik sutrasah eka ajaivik sanyug aahe. too germaniumcha mukhya vyavsayik srot aahe. too vatavaraniy oxygenchya samparkat shuddha germaniumvar nishkriy thurr mhanoon dekhil tayar hoto.
rachana.
bhoo-2 chey done pramukh bahuroop shatkon aanee chatushkoniy aahet. shatkon bhoo2 chee rachana β-quartz sarkhich aahe, germaniumcha samanvay kramank 4 aahe. tetragonal bhoo2 (khanij argutite) chee rachana stishowhitemadhye disun yete. yaa rachnet, germaniumcha samanvay kramank 6 aahe. geo2 chey aakarheen (kachyukt) swaroop fused silika sarkhech aahe.
germanium dioxide sfatikeey aanee anakar asha donhi swarupat tayar keela jaau shakato. sabhovatalachya dabavar, geo4 tetrahedrachya jaalyane aakarheen rachana tayar hote. andaje 9 jee. pii. aii. paryantchya uchch dabavar germaniumchi sarasari samanvay sankhya jee. oo. bandh antaramadhye sambandhit vadhisah 4 varoon sumare 5 paryant satatyane vadhate. uchch dabavar, andaje 15 jee. pii. aii. paryant, germanium samanvay sankhya 6 paryant vadhate aanee ghandat jaalichi rachana geo6 aktahedrane banaleli asate. jevha nantar daab qamee hoto, tevha rachana chatushkoniy swarupat parat yete. uchch dabavar, rutyle swaroop orthorombic see. aii. see. ell. 2 swarupat rupantarit hote.
pratikriya.
germanium dioxidela 1000°seey. varr choorn germaniums garam kelyane germanium monoxide (geo) tayar hoto.
germanium dioxideche shatkon ("dii" = 4.29 graam/semee3) swaroop rutyle ("dii" = 6.27 graam/semee3) swarupapeksha adhik vidravya asate aanee aaml, etch4geo4 kinwa ge (oh) 4 tayar karnyasathi virghalate. geo2 heey aamlamadhye kinchit virghalate parantu germainuts denyasathi ksharamadhye adhik sahajpane virghalate. germanic aaml heey dye-aanee polyfunctional carboxylic aaml, polly-alcohole aanee oo-defenols sthir sankul tayar karate. 
hydrochloric aamlachya samparkat aalyavar, teey asthir aanee kshaykari germanium tetrachloride sodate.
vapar.
germanium dioxidecha apavartak nirdeshank (1.7) aanee optical dispersion gunadharm heey wide-angle lensasathi, optical microscope objective lensmadhye aanee fiber-optic reshanchya gabha sathee optical samagri mhanoon upayukt tharatat. utpadan prakriyechya tapashilansathi optical fiber pahaa. germanium aanee tyache glass auxide, geo2, heey donhi infrared (ir) spectramsathi pardarshak aahet. kacheche bandhkam khidakya aanee lensmadhye kele jaau shakate, jeey lashkari, lakzari vahane aanee thermographic cameanmadhye ratri-drushti tantradnyanasathi vaparale jaate. geo2 laa itar pardarshak chashmyanpeksha pradhanya dile jaate kaaran teey yantrikdrushtya majboot aahe aanee mhanoon khadbadit lashkari vaparasathi pradhanya dile jaate.
silicon dye auxide aanee germanium dye auxide (silika-germania) yanche mishran optical fiber aanee optical wavegidesathi optical samagri mhanoon vaparale jaate. ghatakanche gunottar niyantrit kelyane apavartak nirdeshankache achook niyantran karata yete. silika-germania chashmyanmadhye shuddha silikachya tulanet qamee chikatpana aanee uchch apavartak nirdeshank asato. silika fibersathi silika dopant mhanoon titaniachi jaaga germania ghetali, jyamule tyanantarchya ushnatechya upcharanchi garaj door jhaali, jyamule tantu thisul jhaale.
polyethylene terephthalate raal nirmitimadhye aanee itar germanium sanyuganchya nirmitisathi utprerak mhanoon dekhil germanium dioxidecha vapar keela jaato. kahee phosphors aanee semiconductor samgrichya utpadanasathi tyacha khadyapadarth mhanoon vapar keela jaato.
algaculturemadhye germanium dioxidecha vapar shaiwal sanvardhanamadhye avanchhit dietum vadhicha avarodhak mhanoon keela jaato, kaaran tulanene vegane vadhana dietammule honare pradushan anekada mool shaiwal prabhedanchi vaadh rokhate kinwa tyanna mage takte. geo2 heey dietamdware sahajpane sweekarle jaate aanee dietummadhil jaivarasayanik prakriyanmadhye germaniumdware siliconchi jaaga ghetali jaate, jyamule dietumchya vadhichya darat lakshaniy ghat hote kinwa tyanche sampoorn nirmulan dekhil hote, jyacha dietum nasalelya shaiwal prajatinvar farsa parinam hott nahee. yaa vaparasathi, samanyatah sanwardhan madhyamat vaparlya jaanarya germanium dioxideche praman 1 teey 10 migra/lii darmyan asate, jeey dushitatechya tappyavar aanee prajatinvar avalambun asate.
vishaktata aanee vaidyakeey.
germanium dioxidemadhye visharipana qamee asato, parantu jaast pramanat too nephrotoxic asato.
germanium dioxidecha vapar kahee sanshayaspad aahar purak aanee "chamatkarik upcharanmadhye" germanium purak mhanoon keela jaato. hyachya jaast matranmule germanium vishbadha jhalyachi anek prakarane udbhavali.