
titus

titus seasure vespecianus (30 december 39-13 september 81 ii. sha.) haah 79 teey 81 yaa kalat roman samrat hota. flavian rajvanshacha sadasya, titus tyachya mrutyunantar tyachya vadilanchya vespecianchya jaagi aala.
samrat honyapurvi, titusney lashkari senapati mhanoon prasiddhi midavali, pahilya jyoo-roman yuddhadarmyan judiamadhye tyachya vadilanchya netrutvakhali seva kelee. 68 madhye samrat nirochya mrutyunantar hii moheem kahee kalasathi thambali, chaar samratachya varshat vespecianne shahee sattesathi prayatna suru kele. 1 julai 69 roji jevha vespecianla samrat ghoshit karnyat aale, tevha titusla jyoo bund sampavanyacha prabhari mhanoon sodale gele. 70 madhye tyane jerusalemla vedha ghatala aanee tabyat ghetale aanee shahar aanee dusare mandir uddhvast kele. yaa kamgirisathi titusla vijay pradan karnyat aala; tituscha kamaan aajahi tyachya vijayache smaran karate.
tyachya vadilanchya rajvatit, titasala rommadhye pretorian gardcha pramukh mhanoon kaam karnyasathi aanee jyoo ranee berenisashi vadgrast sambandh rakhanyasathi kukhyati midali. tyachya charitryabaddal chinta asoonahi, 79 madhye vespecianchya mrutyunantar titusney khoop prashansa midavali aanee sutonius aanee itar samkalin itihaskaranni tyala eka changla samrat manale.
samrat mhanoon, titus haah colossium purn karnyasathi aanee ii. sha. 79 madhye mount vesuviyasacha udrek aanee 80 madhye rommadhye lagalelya aagee yaa done aapattinmule jhalelya dukkhatoon mukt honyasathi tyachya audaryasathi prasiddha aahe. keval done varshe padavar rahilyanantar, tituscha 13 september 81 roji tapane mrutyu jhaala. roman sinetane tyala devata ghoshit kele aanee tyacha dhakata bhau domician yane tyache sthan ghetale.
prarambhik jeevan.
tituscha janm rommadhye, bahudha ii. sha. 30 december 39 roji, titus flavius vespecianuscha, jyala samanyatah vespecian mhanoon olakhale jaate, aanee domitila daad eldercha motha mulga mhanoon jhaala hota. tyala eka dhakati baheen hotee, dhakati domitila (janm 45) aanee eka dhakata bhau, titus flavius domitianus (janm 51), jyala samanyatah domician mhanoon sambodhale jaate.
kautumbik parshvabhoomi.
ii. sha. puu. 1lya shatkatil anek dashakanchya yadavi yuddhane romchya junya kuleen vargachya nidhanat mothe yogdan dile hote, jyachi jaaga haloohaloo 1lya shatkachya suruvatila eka naveen italian kuleen vargane ghetali. asech eka kutumb 'gens flavia' hote, jeey sapeksh aspashtatepasun keval chaar pidhyanmadhye pramukhateparyant pohochale, julio-claudian rajvanshachya samratanchya netrutvakhali sampatti aanee darja prapt keela. titusche panjoba, titus flavius petro yanni seasurechya yadavi yuddhadarmyan pompechya netrutvakhali shatakvir mhanoon kaam kele hote. ii. sha. puu. 48 madhye farsalasachya ladhait too yuddhbhumitun paloon gela tevha tyachi lashkari karkird apmanaspad jhaali.
tarisuddha, petrone atyant shrimant tertulashi lagn karoon tyachi sthitee sudharanyat yash midavale, jyachya nashibane petrocha mulga titus flavius subinus pahila, titusche aajoba yanchya varchya dishene halchal karanyachi hummy dilee. ashiyamadhye curr gola karnara aanee helvetiyamadhye banker mhanoon kelelya tyanchya sevedware sabinasane swatah aanakhi sampatti aanee sambhavya ghodeswaricha darja midavala. vespasia polashi lagn karoon, tyane swatahla adhik pratishthit patrician 'gens vespasia' shhee jodale, jyamule tyache putra titus flavius subinus dusra aanee vespasian yanna senatory padavar badhati midali.
vespecianchya rajkiy karkirdit quester, edile aanee preterchya karyalayancha samavesh hota aanee 51 madhye, jyaa varshi domiciancha janm jhaala, tyaa varshi vanijya dutanchya padasah tyacha samarop jhaala. eka lashkari senapati mhanoon, tyane 43 madhye brittenveril roman aakramanat bhag gheuun suruvatichi prasiddhi midavali. tituschya suruvatichya jivanabaddal jeey farse dnyat nahee teey sutoniusne dile aahe, jyane nondavale aahe qee too samrat claudiuscha mulga britanicuschya companyt shahee darbarat vadhala hota, jyachi hatya 55 madhye nirone kelee hotee.
jyaa ratri tyachi hatya karnyat aalee aanee tyala denyat aalele vish pyayale tyaa ratri titus britanicuschya shejari basala hota asehi yaa kathet mhatale gele hote. tyachya shikshanavishayi adhik tapasheel durmil aahet, parantu asey disate qee tyane lashkari kalanmadhye suruvatiche vachan dakhavale aanee too greek aanee lattin yaa donhi bhashanmadhil eka kushal kavee aanee vakte hota.
praudh jeevan.
57 teey 59 yaa kalat teey germaniamadhye lashkari nyayadhikaran hote. tyane britaniyamadhyehi seva kelee aanee baudikachya bandanantar aavashyak asalelya atirikt sainyasah kadachit sumare 60 paryant pohochala. 63 chya sumaras too romla paratala aanee pretorian gardcha majee pramukh marcus eresinus clemenschee mulgi eresina tertula hichyashi vivah keela. 65 chya sumaras ticha mrutyu jhaala.
tyanantar titusney marcia fernila yaa adhik pratishthit kutumbachi naveen patni ghetali. tathapi, marciache kutumb nirochya virodhkanshi jawalun jodalele hote. tiche kaka bere sornus aanee tyachi mulgi servillia heey 65 chya ayashasvi pysonian katanantar maran pavalelya lokanpaiki hote. kahee aadhunik itihaskaranche mutt aahe qee titusney tyachya patnila tichya kutumbachya katamule ghatasfot deela.
titusney kadhihi punarvivah keela nahee aanee tyala anek mulee asalyache disate, tyapaiki kiman eka mulgi marcia fernila hichyapasoon jhaali. julia flavia hii praudhatvaparyant jiwant rahileli ekmev vyakti hotee, jee kadachit tituschi erresinapasun jhaleli mulgi hotee, jichya aaiche navahi julia hote. yaa kalat titusney kayadyacha saravahi keela aanee questercha darja prapt keela.
judian mohima.
66 madhye, jyoo prantatil jyoo lokanni roman samrajyachya virodhat bund kele. beth-horonchya ladhait siriyacha varasdar cestius galluscha parabhav jhaala aanee tyala jerusalemmadhun maghar ghenyas bhag padale gele. roman samarthak raja agrippa dusra aanee tyachi baheen berenis shaharatoon galileela paloon gele, jithe tyanni nantar swatahla romananchya swadhin kele.
nerone bund dadapanyasathi vespecianchi niyukti kelee, jyala pachvya sainyadal aanee dahavya sainyadalasah ekach velee yaa pradeshat pathvanyat aale. nantar tyala tolemis yethe titusney pandharavya sainyadalasah sameel kele. 60, 000 vyavsayik sainikanchya takdisah, roman lokanni gallile olandun jerusalemvar kooch karanyachi tayari kelee.
roman-jyoo itihaskar josephasne tyachya 'daad warr auph daad jews' yaa pustakat yuddhacha itihas tapshilvar mandala aahe. 67 madhye roman sainyane galilever aakraman kele tevha josephasne yodafat shaharat senapati mhanoon kaam kele. 47 divas chalalelya thakavanara vedha sampalyanantar, andaje 40,000 lock marle gelyane shahar kosalale. matra, titus keval yuddh sampavanyasathi tayar navhata.
anek samoohik aatmahatyanpaiki eka vachalyanantar, josephasne wespeciankade sharanagati patkarali aanee kaidi banala. tyane nantar lihile qee tyane roman lokanna chaloo asalelya bandabaddal gupt mahitee dilee hotee. 68 paryant, sampoorn kinara aanee judayachya uttarela roman sainyane vash kele, aanee tariche aanee gamala yethe nirnayak vijay midavale, jithe titusney swatahla eka kushal senapati mhanoon olakhale.
chaar samratanche varsh.
jyoo pratirodhakanchya tabyat asalele shevatche aanee sarvat mahattvache tatbandi asalele shahar jerusalem hote. nirochya mrutyuchi batami yetach hii moheem achanak thambali. jawaljawal ekach velee, roman sinetane hyspania governor galbala samrat mhanoon ghoshit kele hote. vespecianne pudhil aadeshanchi vaat pahanyache tharavale aanee naveen "prinsups" chey swagat karnyasathi titusla pathavale.
italila pohochanyapurvi, titusla kalale qee galbala thaar maranyat aale aahe aanee tyachya jaagi lucitaniacha governor othone ghetale aahe aanee vitalius aanee germaniamadhil tyache sainya othocha padav karnyachya uddeshane rajdhanivar kooch karanyachi tayari karat hote. eka bajoone kinwa dusya bajoone olis thevanyacha dhoka patkarnyachi ichcha naan balgata, tyane romcha pravas sodoon deela aanee punha tyachya vadilansobat judiyat sameel jhaala. darmyan, othocha bedriyakamchya pahilya ladhait parabhav jhaala aanee tyane aatmahatya kelee.
jevha hii batami juda aanee egyptsmadhil sainyaparyant pohochali, tevha tyanni goshti swatachya hatat ghetalya aanee 1 julai 69 roji vespecian samrat ghoshit keela. vespecianne sweekarle aanee tituschya vataghatinantar, syriacha governor gius lysinius museanus yachyabarobar sainyat sameel jhaale. judian aanee syrian sainyakadun aalelya eka majboot sainyane museanuschya netrutvakhali romvar kooch kele aanee vespecianne alekzandriyala pravas keela, jyudinche bund sampavanyasathi titusla prabhari kele. 69chya akheris, viteliuschya sainyala parabhoot karnyat aale hote aanee 21 december roji sinetane vespecianla adhikrutpane samrat ghoshit kele, asha prakare chaar samratanche varsh sampale.
jerusalemla vedha.
darmyan, jerusalemmadhil pratikar anek gatanmadhye vibhagoon jyoo lock tyanchya swatachya gruhyuddhat adakale hote. menheim baine judahchya netrutvakhalil sikari, dirghkal tiku shakat hota; elazar baine saymanchya netrutvakhalil utsahi, akheris galilean neta johnn auph gush halavchya adhipatyakhali aale; aanee dusra uttarekadil bandkhor senapati, sayman baar giora, idumiyansavar netrutva midvanyat yashasvi jhaala. titusney jerusalemla vedha ghatala. roman sainyat baravya sainyadalane sameel jhaale, jeey purvi cestius galluschya netrutvakhali parabhoot jhaale hote aanee alekzandriyahun, vespecianne egyptcha governor tiberius julius alekzandarla tituschya dusya kramankache netrutva karnyasathi pathavale.
titusney shaharala paschim bajula teen sainyadalanni (vhee. tii., zeath aanee ex. vhee. tii.) aanee purvela olivechya dongravar eka (ex. tii.) vedhale. tyane yatrekarunna valhandan sann sajra karnyasathi shaharat pravesh karanyachi parvanagi deuun aanee nantar tyanna baher padnyas nakar deuun rahivashanchya ann aanee panyachya purvathyavar dabav aanala. jyoo hallyanni roman sainyala satat tras deela, jyapaiki ekamule titus jawaljawal pakadala gela.
josephasne sharanagatisathi vataghati karnyache prayatna ayashasvi jhalyanantar, romananni punha shatrutva suru kele aanee shaharachya pahilya aanee dusya bhinti twarit modalya. pratikarala dhamkavanyasathi, titusney jyoo bajukadoon paloon gelelya lokanna shaharachya bhintibhovati vadhastambhavar khilanyache aadesh dile. toparyant jyoo lock dushkalane thakale hote aanee jevha kamkuvat tisari bhint tutali tevha rastyavar kadvi ladhai suru jhaali.
romananni shevati antonia killa tabyat ghetala aanee dusya mandirachya praveshdvaranvar samorun hallah suru keela. tyanni darvajacha bhang karat asatana, roman lokanni varchya aanee khalchya shaharala aag lavali, jyachi parinati mandirachya nashasah jhaali. jevha aag qamee jhaali, tevha titusney jerusalem heey naav konihi lakshat thevanar nahee yaa kathit hetune urvarit shaharacha naash karnyache aadesh dile. mandir padnyat aale, tituschya sainikanni vijayabaddal tyala 'shasak' ghoshit kele.
jerusalem lutanyat aale aanee bahutansh loksankhya marley gelee kinwa vikhurali gelee. josephuscha dawa aahe qee vedhyadarmyan 1,100,000 lock marle gele, jyapaiki bahutek jyoo hote. aadhunik vidvattene josephuschya mrutyuchya aakadyanche anuman ashakya mhanoon nakarle aahe, kaaran sumare daha laakh lock tevha israyalachya deshat rahat hote, tyapaiki ardhe jyoo hote aanee yuddh sampalyanantar mothya pramanat jyoo loksankhya yaa bhagat rahili, agadi judiyachya katheen-prabhavit pradeshat dekhil. tathapi, sayman baar-giora aanee johnn auph gishlasah 97,000 lokanna pakadanyat aale aanee gulam karnyat aale. anek jann bhoomadhya samudrachya aaspaschya bhagat paloon gele. titusney vijay pushpahar swikaranyas nakar deela, kaaran tyane dawa keela qee tyane swatah vijay midavala navhata, parantu too vahan hota jyadvare tyanchya devane tyachya lokanviruddha aapala krodh prakat keela hota.
josephuschya matey, mandirachya vidhvansadarmyan jyoo diaspora parthia (pertia), babylonia (iraq) aanee arabiat hote aanee kahee euphrateschya palikade aanee adiabene (kurdistan) madhye hote.
vespeciancha varasdar.
hivalyat italila naukanayan naan karata, titusney sizeriya maritima aanee berritus yethe vistrut khel sajare kele aanee nantar euphratesvaril zugmala pravas keela, jithe tyala parthiyachya pahilya vologesdware mukut pradan karnyat aala. too antyokhiyala bhet dett asatana, tyane tyaa shaharatil jyoo lokanchya paramparik hakkanchi pushti kelee.
alekzandriyala jaatana too pavitra bail wanner pavitra karnyasathi memphismadhye thambla. suetoniuschya matey, yamule ghabarat nirman jhaali kaaran yaa samarambhat titusla mukut ghalane aavashyak hote, jeey roman lock rajeshahishi sambandhit hote aanee tituschya sainyachya pakshapatipanamule too tyachya vadilanviruddha bund karoo shakato ashee bheeti aadhich nirman jhaali hotee. suitoniuschya matey, tyachya vartanabaddalache konatehi sanshay door karnyachya aashene titus romla patkan paratala.
71 madhye rommadhye aagman jhalyanantar, titusla vijay pradan karnyat aala. vespecian aanee domicians, titus shaharat shirala, roman lokanni utsahane abhivadan kele aanee tyapurvi yuddhatil khajina aanee kaidyancha samavesh asalelya bhavya miravnukicha shubharambh jhaala. josephus yaa margavar mothya pramanat sone aanee chandi gheuun jaananya miravnukiche varnan karato, tyanantar yuddhache vistrut punarlekhan, jyoo kaidi aanee shevati jerusalemchya mandiratoon ghetalelya khajinyanche, jyat menora aanee pentatuke yancha samavesh aahe. manchavar sayman baar georachi fashi denyat aalee aanee jupitarchya mandirat dharmik yadnyanni miravanuk bund jhaali.
manchachya ekach praveshdvaravar asaleli tituschi vijayi kamaan, tituschya vijayache smaran karate.
vespecianne samrat ghoshit kelyanantar, titus aanee tyacha bhau domician yanna synetkadoon 'seasure' hii padvi midali. aaplya vadilansobat nyayadhishachya adhikarat sahbhagi honyavyatirikt, titusney vespecianchya karkirdit saat vanijya dutanchi padey bhushavali aanee tyachya vatine cinetmadhye hajar rahoon tyacha sachiv mhanoon kaam kele. adhik mahattvache mhanje, tyachi samrataprati nishtha sunishchit karoon aanee eka vaidh shasak mhanoon vespecianche sthan aanakhi majboot karoon, tyala pretorian prefect (pretorian gardcha commander) mhanoon niyukt karnyat aale.
tyaa kshamatet, titusney tyachya hinsak krutyansathi rommadhye lakshaniy kukhyati midavali, varanvar sanshayit deshdrohina jaagich fashi denyache aadesh dile. 79 saalee jevha aulas sessina eleanus aanee aprius marcellus yanni vespecianla ulthavoon taknyacha cutt ughad keela, tevha titusney eleanusla ratrichya jevanasathi aamantrit kele aanee tyane kholibaher jaanyapurvich tyachyavar chakoone vaar karnyache aadesh dile.
jyoo yuddhandarmyan, titusche agrippa dusra yachee baheen berenis hichyashi premsambandh suru jhaale hote. bandadarmyan viranni roman lokanshi sahkarya kele hote aanee berenisne swatah samrat honyachya mohimemadhye vespecianla pathimba deela hota. 75 madhye tee tituskade paratali aanee rajvadyat tyachya pratidnyat patnichya rupat ughadpane tyachyasobat rahili. roman purvekadil ranipasoon savadh hote aanee tyanchya natyas napsant hote. jevha yaa jodicha chitrapatgruhatil dushtanni sarvajanikpane nishedh keela, tevha titusney dabawala balee padoon teela door pathavale, parantu tyachi parva naan karata tyachi pratishtha aanakhi khalavali.
samrat.
uttaradhikar.
vespasiancha ii. sha. 23 kinwa 24 juuna 79 roji sansargamule mrutyu jhaala aanee lagechach tyacha mulga titus tyachya jaagi aala. swatachya jaivik vadilannantar sinhasanavar basnara too pahila roman samrat hota. egyptcha raja mhanoon, titusney 'autocrator titos kaisaros hununfer bennermeruit' ('samrat titus seasure, paripoorn aanee lokpriy tarun') haah shirshak swikarla. tyachya anek (kathit) white goshtinmule, too aanakhi eka niro hoil ashee bheeti anek romananna hotee. matra, tyaa apekshanchya viruddha, titus haah eka prabhavi samrat asalyache siddha jhaale aanee lokanmadhye tyache prem hote, jevha tyanna aadhalale qee tyachyakade white goshtinaivaji sarvat mothe guna aahet tevha lokanni tyachi khoop prashansa kelee.
raja mhanoon tyachya pahilya krutyanpaiki eka mhanje rajdrohachya aaropanvar aadharit khatale thambavanyache aadesh dene, jyane mukhyadhyapikela dirghkal trast kele hote. rajdrohacha kayada kinwa majestascha kayada, moolatah konatyahi krantikari krutidvare jyanni "lokanna aanee romchya vaibhavala bhrasht kele" tyanchyavar khatala chalavanyacha hetu hota. tathapi, augustuschya kalat, tee pratha punarujjivit karnyat aalee hotee aanee badnami aanee badnami lapavanyasathi dekhil lagoo karnyat aalee hotee. yamule tiberius, calligula aanee niro yanchya netrutvakhali asankhya khatale aanee fashi denyat aalee aanee mahitee denanyanchya ('delators') jaalyachi nirmiti jhaali, jyamule romchya rajkiy vyavasthela anek dashake dahashat vatali.
titusney swataviruddha kinwa itar konaviruddhahi tee pratha sampavali aanee ghoshit keleh
majha konatyahi prakare upman kinwa gairvartan hone majhyasathi ashakya aahe. kaaran mea asey kahihi karat nahee jeey ninda karnyas patra aahe aanee jeey khote sangitale jaate tyachi mallah parva nahee. jeey samrat mrut aanee gele aahet, jarr konee tyanchi chook kelee tarr teey swatacha badala ghetil, jarr agadi kharey tarr teey devata aahet aanee tyanchyakade kahee shakti aahe.
parinami, tyachya karkirdit konatyahi cinetersna fashi denyat aalee nahee; asha prakare tyane aapale vachan palale qee too pontifax maximusche padd "aapale haat daag naan thevanyachya uddeshane" sweekarel. mahitee denanyanna sarvajanikaritya shiksha karnyat aalee aanee shaharatoon haddapar karnyat aale. ekach gunhyasathi vegvegalya kayadyannusar ekhadya vyaktivar khatala chalvane bekaydeshir banavoon titusney durupyog rokhale. shevati, jevha berenis romla paratali, tevha tyane teela door pathavale.
samrat mhanoon, too tyachya audaryasathi olakhala jaau lagla aanee sutonius mhanato qee tyane sampoorn divas konalahi konatahi fayda keela nahee heey lakshat aalyanantar tyane tippani kelee, "mitranno, mea eka divas gamavala aahe".
aavhane.
jaree tituschya alpakalin karkirdit mothya lashkari kinwa rajkiy sangharshancha abhav hota, taree tyala anek mothya aapattinna samore jaave lagale. tyachya rajyabhishekanantar kahee mahinyanni, vesuvius parvat udhvast jhaala. yaa udrekane napleschya upasagarachya aaspaschi shahare aanee resort samuday jawaljawal purnapane nasht jhaale. pompei aanee herculaneum hii shahare dagad aanee lavachya meater khalee dabaleli hotee, jyat hajaro lock marle gele. titusney madatkaryache aayojan aanee samanvay sadhanyasathi done majee rajdutanchi niyukti kelee aanee jwalamukhichya piditanna madat karnyasathi shahee khajinyatoon vaiyaktikaritya mothya pramanat paise daan kele. yavyatirikt, tyanni udrekanantar ekada aanee pudhchya varshi punha pompeila bhet dilee.
dusya bhetidarmyan, 80chya vasant rutumadhye, rommadhye aag lagali aanee teen divas aanee teen ratri shaharacha motha bhag jaloon khaq jhaala. 64chya bhishan aagichya velee jhalelya nukasanichi vyapti itaki vinashkari nasali taree aanee insulachya anek jilhyanna nirnayakaritya vachavale taree, cassius dione agrippache devmandir, jupiterche mandir, diribitorium, pompechya natyagruhache kahee bhag aanee septa julia yasah nasht jhalelya mahattvachya sarvajanik imaratinchi eka lamb yadee nondavali aahe. punha ekada, titusney nuksan jhalelya bhaganchi vaiyaktik bharpai kelee. sutoniuschya mhananyanusar, aagidarmyan plaig dekhil usalala. matra, yaa rogache swaroop aanee mrutancha aakada adnyat aahe.
darmyan, britaniyamadhye yuddh punha suru jhaale hote, jithe gnius julius agricola caledoniamadhye pudhe gela aanee tethe anek kille ubharanyat yashasvi jhaala. tyachya krutincha parinam mhanoon, titusla isavi sunn 9 september teey 31 december 79 darmyan pandharavya velee imperatorchi padvi midali.
tyachya karkirdit terrentius maximuschya netrutvakhalil bund dekhil jhaale, joou 70 chya dashakat prakat jhalelya anek khotya nayaropaiki eka hota. jaree niro pramukhyane sarvatrik dveshyukt atyachari mhanoon olakhala jaat asala, taree tyachya karkirdichya bahutansh kaal too purvekadil prantanmadhye atyant lokpriy rahila yache purave aahet. niro tyachya sattevarun hatavanyatun bachavala hota, yaa ahavalanna tyachya mrutyuchi gondhalat taknari paristhiti aanee tyachya parat yenyacha andaj vartavananya anek bhavishyavanya karanibhoot tharalya.
cassius deochya matey, terrentius maximus aavaj aanee rupat nerosarkha disat hota aanee tyachyasarkhach too veenala gaat asey. terrentiusne ashiya minormadhye anuyayi prasthapit kele parantu lavkarach tyala euphrateschya palikade paloon jaanyas bhag padale gele aanee parthiyanskade aashray ghetala. yavyatirikt, sutranche mhanane aahe qee titusla aadhalale qee tyacha bhau domician tyachya virodhat cutt rachat hota parantu tyane tyala thaar marnyas kinwa haddapar karnyas nakar deela.
sarvajanik kaame.
aata colossium mhanoon adhik prasiddha asalelya flavian amphitheaterche bandhkam 70 madhye vespecianchya antargat suru jhaale aanee shevati 80 madhye tituschya antargat purn jhaale. roman lokanna netradipak manoranjan pradan karnyavyatirikt, jyoo yuddhandarmyan flavionschya lashkari kamgiriche smaran karnyasathi yaa imaratichi kalpana eka prachand vijayi smarak mhanoon dekhil karnyat aalee hotee.
udghatan khel shambhar divas chalale aanee tyat bhavya ladha, vanya pranyanmadhil (hatti aanee saras) ladhaya, natakgruhat puur aalelya nakali naudal ladhaya, ghodyanchya sharyati aanee ruth sharyati yasah atyant vistrut asalyache mhatale jaat hote. kheladarmyan, prekshakanmadhye lakadi chendu takale jaat asat, jyat vividh bakshise (kapade, sone kinwa agadi gulam) korali jaat asat, jyanchi nantar niyukt vastusathi devanghevan kelee jaau shakat hotee.
anfitheaterchya shejari, nirochya suvarnagruhachya aavarat, titusney titusche snangruh, asey naveen sarvajanik snangruh bandhanyache aadesh dile hote. flavian amphitheatre purn honyabarobarach imaratiche bandhkam ghaighaine purn karnyat aale.
titusney shahee panthachya pratheche punarujjivan kele, parantu tyachya mrutyunantar sahaa mahinyanparyant vespecianla devatva naan midalyane tyala kahee adchanincha samna karava lagla. flavian rajvanshacha aanakhi sanman aanee gaurav karnyasathi, jeey nantar vespatian aanee titusche mandir banale, jyache bandhkam domicianne purn kele, tyasathi paya ghatala gela.
mrutyu.
khelanchya shevati, titusney adhikrutpane amphitheatre aanee snangruh samarpit kele jeey samrat mhanoon tyache antim nond kelele karya hote. too sabin pradeshanna nighala parantu pahilya posting stationvar aajari padala, jithe tyacha tapane mrutyu jhaala, asey sangitale jaate, tyachya vadilanchya tyach farmahausmadhye. kathitpane, mrutyupurvi tyanni uchcharalele shevatche shabd hote, 'mea eka chook kelee aahe'.
titusney roman samrajyavar keval done varshanhun adhik kaal rajya kele hoteh 79 madhye tyachya vadilanchya mrutyupasoon 13 september 81 roji tyachya swatachya mrutyuparyant. tyachya jaagi domician aala, jyache samrat mhanoon pahile karya tyachya bhawala dev banavane hote.
tyachya mrutyuche nemke swaroop aanee titusney tyachya shevatchya shabdanmadhye konatya chukicha ullekh keela aahe, yacha itihaskaranni andaj vartavala aahe. philostratesne lihile qee tyala domicianne sagari sassa ("applicia dipillance") deuun vish dile hote aanee tyachya mrutyuchi bhavishyavani tayanachya apolloniusne tyala kelee hotee. sutonius aanee cassius dioo yanche mhanane aahe qee tyacha mrutyu naisargik karananmule jhaala, parantu doghehi domicianvar aajari titusla mrutavasthet sodalyacha aarop karatat. parinami, tituschya bhawala jevha too ughadpane tyachya virodhat cutt rachat asalyache aadhalun aale tevha tyala fashi naan dilyacha sandarbh hii chook asalyache diocha vishvas hota.
babylonian talmud (gittin 56bii) madhye baybalacha raja nimrod yacha sandarbh denanya aanakhi eka aakhyayikechya punaravruttimadhye, tyachya nakat udananya aanee saat varshe tyachya menduvar uchalalelya kitkala tituscha mrutyu asalyache shrey dile aahe. rabbinchya sahityanusar, titus haah essocha vanshaj hota aanee tyane prabhula aavhan denyache dhadas kele. jyoo paramparenusar, titusla devane dusya mandiratil parvatacha naash kelyabaddal trast kele hote aanee tyachya nakavar eka gandool gelyane tyacha mrutyu jhaala, jyamule tyachya menduchya aat mothee vaadh jhaali jyamule too marla gela. eka katha nondavali gelee aahe jyat dusare mandir uddhvast karananya roman samrat tituscha putanya onkelos yane, jude dharmat dharmantar karnyachya uddeshane, tyache munn tayar karnyat madat karnyasathi aatmyanna bolavate. pratyekjan tyachya maranottar shiksheche varnan karato."onkelos, kolonikosacha mulga... tyane jaaun jaduchya kalanni titusla mrutyupasoon uthavale aanee tyala vicharale; '[dusya] jagaat sarvat jaast pratishthit kona aahe? tyane uttar dileh israyal. mug, tyanchyabarobar sameel honyavishayi teey kaay mhanale? too mhanalah tyanche aacharan karane heey bhardayak aahe aanee tumhi teey karoo shakanar nahee. jaa aanee tyaa jagaat tyanchyavar hallah qaraa aanee lihilyanusar tumhi shirshasthani asal, tiche virodhak pramukh banatat ityadi.; joou konee israyala tras deto too pramukh banato. tyane tyala vicharaleh [dusya jagaat] tuzi shiksha kaay aahe? tyane uttar dileh mea swatahsathi kaay tharavale. darroj majhya asthee gola kelya jaatat aanee mallah shiksha sunavali jaate aanee mea jalato aanee majhya asthee saat samudranvar vikhurlya jaatat..."
varsa.
itihaslekhan.
pracheen itihaskaranmadhye tituschi nond konatyahi samratachya sarvat anukaraneey nondanpaiki eka aahe. tyaa kalatil serve vachaleli vruttapatre, tyapaiki anek tyachya swatachya samkalinanni lihileli aahet, tee titusbaddal atyant anukool drushtikon sadar karatat. tyachya bhavane kelelya adhivasachya tulanet tyachya patrachi vishesh bharbharat jhaali aahe.
"jyoo lokanchi yuddhe' jyoo bandkhori aanee tituschya charitryacha pratyaksh pratyakshadarshi vruttant dete. tathapi, josephuschya lekhanachya tatasthatevar prashnachinh upasthit jhaale aahe, kaaran too flavianscha khoop runee hota. 71 madhye, too tituschya parivarat rommadhye aala, roman nagrik jhaala aanee tyachya aashraydatyankadun roman naav flavius aanee prinomen titus ghetale. tyala varshik nivruttivetan midale aanee too rajvadyat rahat hota.
rommadhye aanee flavian aashrayakhali josephasne tyachi serve dnyat kaame lihili. "bund heey kamkuvat aanee asanghatit asalyache chitrit karoon aanee yuddh ghadavanyasathi jyoo lokanna dosh deuun, "jyoo lokanche yuddh" heey bandkhor netyanviruddha mothya pramanat tirkas kele jaate. eka itihaskar mhanoon tyanchi vishvasarhata nantar tikela balee padali.
tituscha aanakhi eka samkalin hota publius cornelius tacitus, jyane 80 kinwa 81 madhye aaplya sarvajanik karkirdichi suruvat kelee aanee tyachya unnatiche shrey flavian rajvanshala dile. "daad hysteries", tyaa kalacha tyacha tapasheel, trajanchya karkirdit prakashit jhaala. durdaivane yaa granthatil keval pahili paach pustake tikoon rahili aahet, jyat titus aanee domicianchya karkirdivaril majkoor purnapane haravala aahe.
seutonius tranquillius yane tituschya 'baaraa sizarchya jeevana' madheel karkirdicha eka sankshipt parantu atyant anukool tapasheel deela aahe, jyat tyachya lashkari kamgirivar aanee samrat mhanoon tyachya audaryavar bharr deela aahe aanee thodakyat tyache varnan khalilpramane kele aaheh
tyachya vadilanpramanech tyach aadnavacha titus haah manavjaticha anand aanee priy hota; asha vilakshan kshamatemule too nisargane, kalene kinwa sadbhagyane serve mansanshi prem midvu shakat asey aanee teey dekhil, jeey too samrat asatana sope kaam navhate.
akheris, cassius dione tituschya mrutyunantar 100 varshanhun adhik kaal aapala 'roman itihas' lihila. too sutoniyasasarkhach drushtikon samayik karato, kadachit nantarcha srot mhanoon dekhil vaparato, parantu lakshat gheuun too adhik rakheev aaheh
tyachi samadhankarak nond kadachit tyachya rajyabhishekat tikoon rahilyamule dekhil asoo shakate parantu phaar qamee kaal, kaaran asha prakare tyala chukiche kaam karanyachi sandhee denyat aalee nahee. kaaran tyanantar too keval done varshe, done mahine aanee vees divas jagala-tyaa velee too aadhich jagalela unatis varshe, paach mahine aanee panchvis divas yashivay. yaa sandarbhat, kharokharach, tyane augustuschya dirgh rajvatichi barobari kelee asey manale jaate, kaaran asey mhatale jaate qee augustus qamee kaal jagala asata tarr tyachyavar kadhihi prem jhaale nasate, kinwa titus jaast kaal jagala asata tarr. augustusathi, jaree suruvatila tyane yuddhanmule aanee gatgat sangharshamule swatahla thode kathor dakhavale, parantu nantar, kalantarane, tyachya dayalu krutyansathi eka tejaswi pratishtha prapt karnyas saksham jhaala; dusarikade, titusney saumyatene rajya kele aanee tyachya vaibhavachya shikharavar maran pavala, tarr, jarr too barach kaal jagala asata, tarr heey dakhavun dile gele asate qee too tyachi sadhyachi prasiddhi gunavattepeksha adhik sadbhagyasathi runee aahe.
nantar vesuvius parvatachya udrekadarmyan maran pavalelya pliny daad elderne aapala 'naturalis hysteria' titusla samarpit keela.
roman itihasatil tituschya aadarsh chitranapeksha, jyoo lokanchya smaranat 'titus daad dusht' heey dusht atyachari aanee mandiracha vidhvansak mhanoon smaranat thewale jaate. udaharanarth, babylonian talmudmadhil eka aakhyayikenusar, titusney mandirachya vidhvansadarmyan tyachya aat asalelya torahchya gundalyavar eka veshyashi laingik sambandh thewale hote.
nantarchya kalanmadhye.
jyoodamadhil yuddh aanee titusche jeevan, visheshtah berenisashi asalele tyache naate, shatkanushatke lekhak aanee kalakaranna prerit karat aale aahe. tituschya kamanatil bases-releaf heey jerusalemchya vinashachya chitranat prabhavi tharale aahe, jyamadhye menoracha vapar varanvar dusya mandirachya lootmariche prateek mhanoon keela jaat aahe.