
jochim-duu-belle sthaapikkuka

fraansile paareesinte madhyabhaagathu, onnaam arontismentil, less halasinum pompido sentarinum sameepamulla oru chathuramaanu plays jochim-duu-belle. franch kaviyum saahitya niroopakanumaaya jochim duu belleyude (1522-1560) peraanu ithinu nalkiyirikkunnath.
semiteri polichathinushesham 1787-ll muun vishudha niraparaadhikalude semiteriyude sthalathaanu jochim-duu-belle nirmmichathu. semiteriyude avasaanathe avasheshippukale adayaalappeduthunna niraparaadhikalude neerurava ippol chathuratthinte madhyathilaanu.
sthalacharithram.
jochim-duu-belle thamasikkunna sthalathinte charithram dairkhyameriyathum sambannavumaanengilum, eee chathuratthinte charithram thanne valare lalithamaanu. 
onpathaam noottaand (madhyakaalakhattam) muthal 1780 eiii. dii. vare (fraansile "purathana bharanakaalathu") amita upayogam kaaranam adachappol vishudha niraparaadhikalude palliyodoppam pravarthicha vishudha niraparaadhikalude semiteriyude gadanayaayirunnu muun ghadana. 
madhyakaalakhattatthinte avasaanathil jeevithathilum ellah praayathilumullavaril maranatthinte swaadheenam oonnipparayunna oru painting shailiyaaya dance mccabreyude aadyathe rekhappeduthiya chuvarchithram kaivasham vachirunnathinaal vishudha niraparaadhikalude semiteri sradheyamaanu. ennirunnaalum, eee chuvarchithram nirmmichu ekadesham 200 varshangalkk sesham 1669-ll nasippikkappettu.
semiteriyude arikil oru jaladhara undaayirunnu, aadyam "nimphukalude jaladhara" ennu perittirunna ithu ippol niraparaadhikalude jaladhara (allengil "fontaine dess immonents") ennariyappedunnu. 1787ll palliyudeyum semitheriyudeyum maithaanangal thakarkkukayum pakaram oru kallu kondu nirmmicha chathuram, jokim-duu-belle sthaapikkukayum cheythappol eee neerurava polichumaatti. eee chathuram yadhaarthathil oru sasya, pachakkari vipaniyaayirunnu, ithu "maarche dess immosants" ennum ariyappettirunnu.
eee chathuram poortthiyaaya udan thanne niraparaadhikalude neerurava veendum kootticherkkukayum athu ippol nilkkunna sthalathu athinte madhyathil sthaapikkukayum cheythu. paareesile ettavum pazhaya smaaraka jaladhaarayaan niraparaadhikalude jaladhara.