
yuvaavinte koottaali

pinneedulla varshangalil 'koottaali' ennu ariyappettirunna 'dhii youths companion' (1827-1929), 1929ll 'dhii american booy' enna maasikayumaayi layippikkunnathuvare nooriladhikam varshatholam nilaninnirunna oru american kuttikalude maasikayayirunnu. 'companion' masaachyusetsile bosttanil perry mesan & kambani prasidheekarichu.sthaapakan marichathine thudarnnu pinneedu "perry mesan kambani" ennu punarnaamakaranam cheythu. 1900 august 9 lakkathilaanu eee parishkaricha peru aadyamaayi prathyakshappedunnathu. 1892 muthal 1915 vare ithu yuvaakkalude koottaali kettidatthil adhishtithamaayirunnu, athu ippol charitraparamaaya sthalangalude deseeya rajistarilaanu.
charithram.
koottaali" yude aadyakaala prasnangal mathathe kendreekarichaayirunnu, athinte aadya prasaadhakanmaaraaya nathaneel villis (nathaneel parker villisinte pithaav), aasaa rand ennivarude vaakkukalil, "sadgunavum bhakthiyum" prolsaahippikkunnathi srishtikkappettu... lamghanathinte vazhikalkkethire munnariyipp nalkuka. athinte aadya varshangalil athinte vitharanam 5,000 ll athiyilla.
varshangalolam, prasadhakaril villis & rand (washington sent.sii. 1831); oolmsted & qoo., (school sent.sii. 1857); koodaathe perry mesan & kambani. (washington sent., ca.1868; 41 kshetra sthalam, <ruffer neyim = "varthu pooyint/19965515"> </ruffer neyim = "eebe/193839661542"> </ruffer> sii. 1873-1888; columbus aveh.sii. (1894).
1890kalil athinte ulladakkam vinodathe punar kendreekarichu, koodaathe jaine adams, <ruff neyim = "janaddams" polulla ezhuthukaar sambhavana cheytha kashanagal upayogichu muthirnavareyum kuttikaleyum lakshyamidaan thudangi.ramapo/582 "> haariyat beacher stove, maarkk twayne, emily dickinson, booker tii. washington jacq landanum. mattoru puthuma pazhaya vaayanakkarkkulla oru medical kolamaayirunnu. thalphalamaayi, athinte prachaaratthil nooru madangu vardhanavundaayi, 1893-ll vilppana uyarnnu. 1897-ll ithu "oru sachitra kudumba paper" aayi parasyam cheyyappettu, oraal paranjathupole, "baalisamaaya karyangal illaathaakki". ennirunnaalum, cherukathakalum pasilukalum ulppedunna kuttikalude oru vibhaagam athil nilanirtthi, athinte thudakkam vare vishwaasathode, ennirunnaalum, "yuvaakkalude koottaali" mayakkumarunno madyamo paraamarshikkukayo parasyam cheiyukayo raashtreeyathil kooduthal edapedukayo cheythilla; athu cheythappol, athu saadhaaranayaayi rasakaramaaya reethiyilaan cheiyunnathu.
1892 septambar 8 nuu staaf amgamaaya francis bellamy ezhuthiya vishwasthathayude prathinjayude aadya pakarpp maasika prasidheekarichu.
aii. dii. 1ll ninnu jonson morttan (harward 1886) edittaraayi sevanamanushtichu. pinneedulla varshangalil eee maasika villa kaatharinteyum vinsttan charchilinteyum lekhanangal prasidheekarichu.
kuttikkaalathu erle staanli gardner (1889-1970) maasikayodu valare ishtappettirunnu. swantham ezhuthu jeevitam aarambhichappol, gardner thante prashasthamaaya saangalppika abhibhaashakane kandethunnathinayi "perry mesan" enna peru kadameduthu.
1929ll 'youths companion' american booy enna chithravumaayi layichu.
1880kalil chithreekaricha 1947-leeii 'life vithu father' enna sinimayil kudumbatthile kuttikal 'yuvaakkalude koottaali' ennu vaayikkunnathayi paraamarsikkunnu.