
koonstain

germmaniyile turingiyayil nidersachswerfen graamatthil ninnu 2 kilometer thekkupadinjaarum nordhousen pattanatthinte madhyathil ninnu 3 kilometer vadakkupadinjaarum sthithicheyyunna oru kunnaanu koonstain. jipsum khananam kunninte thurankangal srishtichu, avaa pinneedu indhana/raasa depoyaayum mitalberkku vii-2 rokkatt factory ulppedeyulla naasi jarmman faaktarikalkkum mittalbe-dora adimavela upayogichum upayogichu.
kaalakramam.
1917-1934: badische anilyn-undu sooda-fabric (basf) eee vasthu vaangukayum jipsaminaayi anhydrite khananam cheyyukayum cheythu.
1935 venalkkaalam igg faarbante nirddeshaprakaaram, "wirtschaftlish forshangsgeshelshaft (vaipho)" () oru indhanavum raasa nikshepavum kendreekarikkaan khaniyekkurichu anweshichu.
1936: valare rahasyamaaya oru kendra petroleum shekharam srishtikkunnathinaayi vaipho khanikal etteduthu. tetra-ethyl-ledu (petroleum aanti-noock) polulla nirnaayaka raasavasthukkalude sambharanathinayi thurankangalum gaalarikalum poruthappeduthunnathinna sarkkaarinte "industrial research association" kurachu sramangal nikshepichu.
1937-1940: thurankangal vipuleekarikkunathinulla vaipho gattangal I, II enniva poortthiyaakki, saittil enna, petrol, rasavasthukkal ennivayum raasavishangalude shekharavum sambharichu.
1943 juulai (madhyam): gerhard degencolbinte (i.iii.eiii-4 prathyeka samiti), pooll figj, eiii-4 uthppaadanathinu anuyojyamaanennu eee saitt nirnnayichu, ennaal herman gooring thudakkathil misail uthppaadanathinaayi upayogikkunnathu nirodhichu (hitlar asadhuvaakki).
1943 august (avasaanam): herman goringinte naalu varshathe padhathi samghadanayil ninnu aayudha mantraalayam eee soukaryam pidichedutthu.
1943 november (vaiki): mitalverkku gmbh koonstain khani udama vaiphoyil ninnu paattatthinu nalki.
1943 septambar aadyam albin saavatski, arther rudolph, ekadesham patthu enchineeyarmaar ennivar peenemundeyil ninnu nordhousen plaantilekku maari.
1943 septambar vii-2 rokkatt uthppaadanathinaayi thurankangalude parivartthanam aarambhichu.
1944 vasanthakaalam vaayusanjaaravum choodaakkalum nirmmaanam poortthiyaayi.
1944 meyy allengil juun mittalverkkinu athinte ellah soukaryangalum thurankangalaakki <aii. dii. 1> churukkendivannu, ithu ulppaadanathe thadassappeduthi.
1945 epril 11: junker nordverkkiloode vadakku ninnu nordhousen plaantil praveshicha sesham, moonnaam us kavachithavum 104-aamath kaalaalppada vibhaagavum 1945 epril 11 nuu nordhousen pattanathiletthukayum mittelbou-dorayile bolk casserne baarakkukalil marichavareyum rogikaleyum kandethukayum cheythu.
1945 juun jeey. sii. sii. yude nirddeshaprakaaram us sainyam bhagangal, yanthropakaranangal, rekhakal (project cheytha eiii-9/eiii-10 bhookhandaanthara misailinte blueprintukal ulppede) enniva soviyattilekku vittukondu nordhousen plaantil ninnu purappettu.
1948 venalkkaalam soviyatt sainyam turanka samvidaanathinte rund praveshana kavaadangalum thakarthu.
1995: muun reyil thurankathinu oru puthiya praveshana thurankam kuzhichu. thudarnnu, turanka samvidaanathinte 710 meter oru bhagam sandarshakarkkaayi thurannu.
1990ll germmaniyude punarekeekaranathinushesham, konsteeninte vadakkulla swakaarya khani vazhi praveshanam nediya nidhi anweshakar thurankangal pathivayi kollayadichu. samvidaanathinte valiyoru bhagam bhoogarbhajalathaal vellathinadiyilaakumbol mattu bhagangal thakarnnu. 1992lum 1998lum turanka samvidaanathil mungimaricha jarmman puraavastu gaveshakan shaasthranjanumaaya villi cramer 70 tonn vasthukkal moshtikkappettathaayi kanakkakki. 2004ll khani paapparaayippokunnathuvar eee praveshana kavaadangaliloodeyulla praveshanam surakshithamaayirunnu.
vinodasanchaaravum nadathavum.
1366-ll honstain kaundukalil konsteenil nirmmicha schnabelsburg (oru kotta, pinneedu oru detriptezhs restorant) undaayirunnu. 1934 muthal 500 seettukalulla oru ooppan eyar steju mayenkophil undaayirunnu. sameepakaalath kaisar vazhi (oru pazhaya sainika rooad allengil "heerstrass") konstainiloode kadannupokunnu. aduthaanu kaarst paatha. kodumudiyil ninnu 550 meter kizhakkum muun mittelbou-dora thadankalppaalayathil ninnu 600 meter vadakkupadinjaarum niravadhi pathakal koodicherunna vanathile oru thuranna pradesamaanu, ithu "commodianplats" ennariyappedunnu. 1835ll sthaapithamaaya nordhousen vyaakarana vidyaalayathinte (nordhouser jimneshyam) meyy uthsavangalkk "commodianplats" aathidheyathvam vahikkunnu; school kuttikal laattin komadikal avatharippikkunnu.

