1 eiii. ezz. dii. aarr.

aadyakaala sabhaykkullil upayogathilundaayirunna ezra enna baibil pusthakatthinte purathana greak septhuvaajint pathippaanu 1 esdras (), esdras eiii, greak esdras, greak ezra, allengil 3 esdras ennivayum, koodaathe vividha alavilulla kaanonikkitti ulla pala aadhunika kristhyaanikalkkidayilum. 1 esdras ezra-nehemyaavinte saadhaarana hebru pathippin samaanamaan, nehemyaavinte kariyarinodu prathyekamaayi nirddishtamaaya bhagangal esraykku neekkam cheiyukayo veendum nalkukayo cheiyunnu, koodaathe chila adhika vasthukkalum.
septhuvajint vivarthanathinte bhaagamaayi, ithu ippol kizhakk pallikalil canonical aayi kanakkaakkappedunnu, ennaal padinjaaru apocryphal; onnukil oru prathyeka vibhaagathil avatharippikkappedukayo allengil poornnamaayum ozhivaakkappedukayo cheiyunnu. orijinte "hexapla" yill 1 esdras kaanapedunnu. greak septhuvajint, pazhaya laattin baibil, anubandha baibil pathippukal ennivayil esdras Â (engleesh thalakketta 1 esdras), esdras βÂ (esra-nehemia) enniva prathyeka pusthakangalayi ulppedunnu.
1 esdrakalekkurichulla paraamarsangalil ganyamaaya aashayakkuzhappathin saadhyathayund. eee peru praadhamikamaayi yadhaartha greak 'esdras eiii' yude vivarthanangale soochippikkunnu. septhuvaajint ithine esdras eiii ennum vulgate ithine 3 esdras ennum vilikkunnu. jerom ithine apocryphal aayi kanakkaakkiyirunnu. ettaam noottaand muthal ebraiah bhashayil ninnu vivarthanam cheyyappetta vulgate book oof isra idaykkide rund pusthakangalayi vibhajikkapettu, avaa yathaakramam 1 esdras (esra), 2 esdras (nehemia) enningane soochippikkappettu. 13-aamm noottaandile vulgate baibil pathippukal, pinneedu clementine vulgatinteyum mathatthinte engleesh lekhanangaludeyum upayogamaayi maariyathil, '1 esdras' ezra pusthakathinu baadhakamaan; nehemyaavinte pusthakam '2 esdras'-nuu anuyojyamaanu. clementine vulgate 3 esdrassil septtuvaajint pathippaya esdras eiii ennu vilikkunnu. eesra enna perumaayi bandhapetta oru adhika kruthiyaaya 'apocalypse oof eesra' clementine valgettilum mathatthinte lekhanangalilum '4 esdras' ennu soochippikkunnu, ennaal king jaims pathippilum mikka aadhunika engleesh baibilukalilum '2 esdras' ennu vilikkunnu. kizhakkan orthadoxy ethiopian oorthadoox tewahedo sabayum 3 esdrakale canonical aayi amgeekarikkunnathu thudarunnu, kizhakkan pallikalile prathyeka vibhaagangalkkidayil 4 esdrakal canoniciyittiyil vyathyaasappettirikkunnu.
israyude pusthakam' (oru yogyathayumillaathe) enna thiruvezhuthukalil ninnu avakaashappedunna aadyakaala kristheeya rachanakalile udharanikal 1 esdraasil ninnu eduthathaanu, orikkalum isra-nehemiayude (septhuvajint 'esdras bii') 'isra' vibhagangalil ninnu eduthathalla, aadyakaala udharanikalil bhooribhaagavum 'moonnu kaavalkkaarude katha' adangiya 1 esdras vibhaagathil ninnaan eduthathu, ithu kristheeya pravachanamaayi vyaakhyaanikkappedunnu.
ulladakkam.
1 esdraasil oru bhagam cherthukondu eesra muzhuvanum adangiyirikkunnu; athinte vaakyangal vyathyasthamayi ennappettirikkunnu. 2 dinavrithaanthangalude avasana rund vaakyangalil ninnu eesra aarambhikkunnathupole, 1 esthra avasana rund adhyayangalil ninnu aarambikkunnu; ithu soochippikkunnathu charithrangalum esthrakalum munkaalangalil oru pusthakamaayi vaayichittundaakam ennaanu.
isra 4:6-ll oru rajaavaaya ahashwerosinekkurichulla paramarsham ulppedunnu. vyuthpathiyude adisthaanathil, darius onnamanum artexercs onnamanum idayil bharicha serxasinu thulyanaan ahashweras. 1 acidra, vibhaagam punasamghadippikkukayum adhika vibhaagathilekku nayikkukayum ahashwerasinekkurichulla paramarsham neekkam cheyyukayum cheiyunnu.
darius malsaram' allengil 'moonnu kaavalkkaarude katha' ennariyappedunna oru kathayil ninnaan adhika vibhaagam aarambhikkunnath, athu 1 esdras 3:4 muthal 4:4 vare interpolate cheyyappettu. eee vibhaagam isra 5 ulla 1 esdraasukalude kaathalaan, avaa orumichu jarusalemil naadukadatthappettavarude madangivaravil aaghoshathe chuttipattiyulla oru saahitya chiyaasil krameekarichirikkunnu. eee chiyaastik coor 1 esdrakale oru samboornna saahitya unitaayi roopappeduthunnu, ithu nehemyaavinte pusthakatthil ninnu swathanthramaayi nilkkaan anuvadikkunnu. vaasthavathil, dablyu polulla chila pandithanmaar. eph. albraittum edwin emm. yamouchi, nehemyavu jarusalemilekku "israykku munbu" thirichethiyennu vishwasikkuka.
ezhuthukaaranum vimarsanavum.
moonnu kaavalkkaarude katha' enna kottarakkaar thammilulla tharkkatthinte kathaye chuttippattiyaan seonilekkulla thirichuvaravu ennu punarvichinthanam cheyyuka ennathaanu pusthakatthinte uddeshyam. vivaranathil vividha poruthakkedukal ullathinaal, eee kruthi onniladhikam ezhuthukaar ezhuthiyathaanennu mikka pandithanmaarum karuthunnu. ennirunnaalum, eee kruthi yadhaarthamo kuranjathu kooduthal aadhikaarikamo aayirikkaamenn chila pandithanmaar vishwasikkunnu. kruthiyude yadhaartha bhasha aramic, hebru aanennu mikka pandithanmaarum sammathikkunnu, chilar greekkinte moulikathaykkaayi vaadikkunnu. daniel, II mcabees pusthakangalile padaavaliyumaayi eee paatatthil saamyamund, koodaathe rachayithakkal thaazhnna eejiptil ninno palastheenil ninno vannavaraanennum cellusid kaalaghattatthilaanu ezhuthiyathennum anumaanikkappedunnu. eee sidhaantham sariyaanennu karuthiyal, eee pusthakam oru aramic charithrarekha upayogichirikkanulla saadhyatha pala pandithanmaarum pariganikkunnu.
josephus, ezra-nehemyaavinte canonical paatam avaganikkumbol, thaan thiruvezhuthaayi kanakkaakkunna 1 esdrakal upayogikkunnu. bii. sii randaam noottaandil eee rachana nadannathaakaamennu chila pandithanmaar vishwasikkunnu. pala protestant, catholica pandithanmaarum ezra-nehemyaavil aavarthikkaatha pusthakatthile vibhaagangalkk charitraparamaaya oru moolyavum nalkunnilla. ennirunnaalum, bybilile mattu pusthakangalude avalambangal, pandithanmaarkk athinte moolyam vardhippikkunna aaa grandhangalkku septhuvajintinu oru aadyakaala badal nalkunnu.
nilavile greak grandhangalil, oru vaakyathinte madhyathil pusthakam vibhajikkappedunnu; athinaal aaa prathyeka vaakyam aadyakaala laattin vivarthanathil ninnu punarnirmmikkendathund. ennirunnaalum, nehemia <aii. dii. 1> ll vivarichirikkunnathu, yadhaartha kruthi koodaarangalude virunnu vare vyaapichirunnuvennu pothuve anumaanikkappedunnu. semittik saahithyathil saadhaaranamaaya chiyaastik gadanakalekkurichu parichayamillaattha vaayanakkaarkk eee vaachakathil oru adhika budhimuttu kaanapedunnu. eee vaachakam oru paashchaathya shailiyilullathum poornnamaayum rekheeyamaaya aakhyaanavumaanennu karuthappedunnuvenkil, sairasinu munbu paraamarshichirikkunna dariasinu munbu artexerxasine paraamarshichathaayi thonnunnu. (ennirunnaalum, sambhavangalude kramatthil atharam vazhithirivu canonical israyilum nehemyaavilum undennu chila vaayanakkar anumaanikkunnu.) "joothanmaarude puravasthukkal" enna pusthakatthile 11-aamm adhyaayathile 2-aamm adhyaayathile josephasinte oru kaiyezhuthuprathiyilengile semittik chiyasam shariyaakkiyittundenkil, mukalil soochippicha aarttakserksasinte perine cambisus ennu vilikkunnuvennu naam kandethunnu.
1988ll isra-nehemiayekkurichulla thante vyaakhyaanathil joseph blenkinsop ulppedeyulla chila pandithanmaar eee pusthakam bii. sii. randaam noottaandinte avasaanamo aadyakaalamo aaya esdras, esdras β ennivayude punaravalokanamaanennu karuthunnu, mattullavar ell. ell. ebraiah bhaashayilulla isra-nehemyaavil ninnu swathanthramaanennu grabe vishwasikkunnu.
kristheeya canonil upayogikkuka.
aadyakaala kristhyan ezhuthukaar eee pusthakam vyaapakamaayi udharikkukayum uthbhavasthaanamaaya "hexapla" yill athinu sthaanam labikkukayum cheythu. jerom parayunnathanusarichu, 3 esdrakale apocryphal aayi kanakkaakkiyirunnu. jerominte baibilinte vulgate pathipp kramena paashchaathya kristhumathatthil aadhipathyam nediyathode, 1 esdras ippol pracharichilla. 13-aamm noottaand muthal, paareesil nirmmicha vulgate baibilukal vaanijyaparamaaya aavasyathinu marupadiyaayi 1 esdras enna laattin vaachakam veendum avatharippichu. klement VIII athu 2 esthrakalodoppam valgettinulla oru anubandhathil vaykkukayum manasseyude praarthana "avaa poornnamaayum nasikkaathirikkuka" ennathumaayi cherkkukayum cheythu. ennirunnaalum, pusthakatthinte upayogam kizhakkan palliyil thudarnnu, ithu kizhakkan yaadhaasthithika kaanoninte bhaagamaayi thudarunnu.
3 estraasinte vulgate vaachakam estra eiii ennu vilikkunna septhuvajintinte greak pathippil ninnulla oru vivarthanamaan.
roman aachaaraparamaaya aaraadhanaakramathil, oru maarppaappayude thiranjeduppinulla votting maassinte oofarttaril 1962 leeii asaadhaaranamaaya sandeshathil eee pusthakam orikkal udharichirikkunnu. (sathyavum prakadanavum cheiyunna oru purohitan undaakunnathuvare avar vishudhakaaryangalil pankedukkaruthu.") (3 ennam 5,40).
namakaranam.
saadhaaranayaayi 1 esdras ennu vilikkappedunna pusthakam baibilinte vividha pathippukalil vyathyasthamayi ennappedunnu. septhuvaajintinte mikka pathippukalilum, greak bhashayil sheershakam nalkiyittulla eee pusthakam greekkil sheershakam nalkiyirikkunna ezra-nehemyaavinte orotta pusthakathinu munbil vaykkunnu <unk> σδρας βÂ.

