
oovrej cobenbush

kaattanom vanathile theonvilleyude kottakettya mekhalayil sthithi cheiyunna maginote laininte oru "gross ovareju" aanu oovreju duu cobenbush. ezhu combatt blokkukalum rund praveshana blokkukalum undu, onnu vedicoppinum mattonn purushanmarkkum. pettitt ovareju" bois-kaare, "pettitt ovareju" oberheid ennivaykkidayilaanu ithu sthithicheyyunnathu, chuttumulla cobenbush vanathinte perilaanu ithu ariyappedunnathu. 
randaam lokamahaayudhasamayathu eee sthaanam cheria pravartthanangal maathrame kandittulloo. aduthulla oru aanavorja nilayathinaayi oru thanuppikkunna jala thadaakatthinte nirmmaanathaal athinte aazhathilulla pathakal vellathinadiyilaayittundu, ennaal chuttumulla vanathiloode oru vyaakhyaana paathayiloode athinte uparithala savisheshathakal vikasippichukondirikku.
roopakalppanayum nirmmanavum.
kizhakk-padinjaaru prathirodha rekha thekkott thirikkunna kaattanom pradhana binduvaaya cobenbush sthaanam roopappedunnu. 1930-ll maginote laininte roopakalppanayum nirmmaana ejansiyaaya corf ("kammeeshan dii oorganaiseshan dess regions fortifees") eee saittil sarway nadatthi. kararukaaranaaya verdon-fortificationukalude pravartthanangal 1931-ll aarambikkukayum 1935-ll 65 dasalaksham frank chelavil eee sthaanam pravarthanakshamamaavukayum cheythu. 
60 centimeter-gej idungiya gej railwayaanu cobenbushinu sevanam nalkunnathu, ithu yudhopakaranangalude praveshana kavaadatthil praveshikkukayum gaalarikaliloode poratta blokkukalilekku puratthekku oodukayum cheiyunnu. uparithalathil, railway pinbhaagathekkum mattu "oovrejukalilekkum" vitharana pooyintukalumaayi bandhippikkunnu.
vivaranam.
aayudhangaludeyum udyogastharudeyum praveshana kavaadangalil ninnu bhoogarbha baarakkukalilekkulla poratta blokkukalilekku nayikkunna oru cheria pradhana galleryulla thaarathamyena othukkamulla "gross ovareju" aanu cobenbush. asaadhaaranamaamvidham oru "gross ovareju" enna peril, athil "emm 1" pradhana vedicope maasikayilla.
kesmettukalum abhayakendrangalum.
abri duu bois-dii-kaattanom padinjaaru bhagathaanu, athu sandarshikkaavunnathaanu. kizhakk "pettitt ovarreju" varnnavivechanam aduthaanengilum kobenbashumaayi bandhapetta mattu kesmettukal, nireekshana kendrangal allengil abhayakendrangal onnumilla.
manushyathvam.
1940-ll "ovareju"-nte nadatthippil 513 perum 169-aamath fort infantry rejimentileyum 151-aamath position artilary rejimentileyum 14 udyogastharum ulppettirunnu. moonnaam sainyathinte 42-aamath kotta corpsinte kudakkeezhilaayirunnu unitukal, armi group 2.1940-ll "kamaandant dii ell 'yuvrej" kamaandant charnal aayirunnu. kaasarnment dii kaattinam eee pradeshathe cobenbushin mattu "oovrejukalkkum" samaadhaanakaalathe nilatthinu mukalilulla baarakkukalum pinthunaa sevanangalum nalki.
charithram.
1940leeii france yudhathilo 1944leeii loraine prachaaranatthilo cobenbush kaaryamaaya nadapadiyonnum kandilla. varnnavivechanathinte uparithalathil jarmman nuzhanjukayattakkaarkkethir cobenbush vediyuthirkkaan sahayichu. ekadesham athe samayam, jarmmankaarude oru samgham cobenbush block 5 pradeshathu nuzhanjukayari. jarmmankaar eee pradeshathe marikadannu miyus, saar nadikalude thaazhvarayiloode munneri, theonville sektarinte pinbhaagathe bheeshanippedutthi. juun 17 nuu pinvaangalinaayi thayyaredukkaan sector commander kenal jeane-patris oo 'sullivan sainyathe kottayadikkaanulla utharavu oo' sullivan pinvalichu. athinaal kaaval seena avidethanne thudarnnu. charchakaletthudarnnu, mosalinte idathu theerathe sthaanangal oduvil 1940 juun 30 nuu jarmmankaarkk keezhadangi.
ippozhathe avastha.
praveshana, poratta blokkukal drishyamaakumbol, uparithalathinu thaazheyulla bhoogarbha gaalarikal, baarakkukal, vedikkoppukal, yoottility eriyakal enniva aduthulla kaattinam aanavorja nilayathinte thanuppikkunna jala thadaakathaal vellathinadiyilaayi. 1981ll power plaantinte nirmmaanam muthal eee saitt edfinte udamasthathayilaanu. bois kaare, abri duu bois dii kaattinam, ovareju sendsich, ovareju galjenberg enniva kaikaaryam cheiyunna "association ligney maginote duu secture fortify duu bois dii kaattinam" aanu ithu paripaalikkunnath. uparithala instaaleshaniloode oru kaalnada paatha vikasippichukondirikku, koodaathe abri duu bois dii catenom chilappol sandarshikkaam.

