
cheria saigon

pradhaanamaayum engleesh samsaarikkunna raajyangalile pravasi vietnaamees vamseeya enklevukalkku nalkia peraanu littil saigon (). enclavinte rashtreeya charithrathe aashrayich cheria vietnaam, cheria hanoi (pradhaanamaayum charitraparamaayi communist rajyangalil) enniva ithara perukalil ulppedunnu. saigoninte peru hoow chii miin sitti ennaakkiyathinaal rashtreeya andarnukal ozhivakkaan, ithine idaykkide viyatnaamtaun () enna neutral naamatthil vilikkunnu. amerikkayilekku athunna onnaam thalamura vietnaamees kudiyettakkaarude oru valia vibhaagam uthbhavikkunna muun thekkan viyatnaaminte (ippol hoow chii miin nagaram) thalasthaanatthinte muun peraanu saigon, athesamayam hanoy aanu viyatnaaminte nilavile thalasthaanam.
ettavum susthaapithavum valuthumaaya vietnaamees-american enclaveukal, avayellaam littil saigon ennu vilikkappedunnilla, avaa kaaliforniyayile ooranchu kaundiyilum kaaliforniyayile saan jose, texasile hoostanilumaanu. saan francisco, saan diego, atlaanta, sacramento, philadelphia, denver, oklahoma sitti, nyoo oorliyans, dallas-fort varthu metroplex (haltom sitti, arlington, maala), falls charchu, virgenia, orlando, siyaattil ennividangalile thaarathamyena puthiya vietnaamees vaanijya jillakal ulppede kurachu cheria samoohangalum nilavilundu.
koodaathe, vietnaamees-amerikkakkarum vietnaamees-kanediyanmaarum bisinasukal sthaapikkukayum mikka chaina tounukalilum vietnaamees gadakangal konduvarikayum cheythu; chila udaaharanangalil laas vegas, boosttan, hoosttan, honolulu, manhattan, alberta edmundon ennee chaina tounukal ulppedunnu.
sthalangal.
california.
seey doow hong enna intersity buzz sarvees ooranchu kaundiyile littil saigane saan josileyum californiayileyum arisonayileyum mattu nagarangalileyum oru cheria saiganumaayi bandhippikkunnu, vietnaamees amerikkakkaarude uyarnna saandrathayode.
ooranchu kaundi.
ettavum pazhakkameriyathum valuthum ettavum pradhaanappettathumaaya cheria saigon 189,000 vietnaamees amerikkakkar thamasikkunna kaaliforniyayile ooranchu kaundiye kendreekarichaanu sthithicheyyunnathu. mattu thekkan california kaundikalkkoppam, viyatnaamin purathulla ettavum valia vietnaamees american (vaa) janasamkhyayaanu eee pradesham. eee samooham aadyam westminstaril uyarnnuvaraan thudangi, athivegam aduthulla nagaramaya garden grovilake vyaapichu. innu, eee rund nagarangalum yathaakramam 37.1%, 31.1% ennee sthaanangalil (2011 leeii american community sarway prakaram) amerikkayile eathoru nagarathekkaalum ettavum kooduthal vietnaamees-amerikkakkaarude saandrathayulla nagarangalayi sthaanam pidikkunnu.
loss enjalsinu thekk, westminstar orikkal dhaaraalam krishiyidangalulla ooranchu kaundiyile pradhaanamaayum velutha madhyavarga suburban nagaramaayirunnu, ennaal 1970 kalode nagaram pinneedu thakarcha anubhavichu. 1978 muthal, aadyakaala pioneermaaraaya daan kwatchum frank javo bisinasukal sthaapicha bolsa avanyoovaanu littil saigoninte kendrabindu. aaa varsham, prashasthamaaya "engui viyatt dinapatra vaarthakalum" garden grovile oru veettil ninnu prasidheekarikkaan thudangi. mattu puthiya vietnaamees-american varavu taamasiyaathe pazhaya, munbu velutha udamasthathayilulla storfrondukalil svanthamaayi bisinasukal aarambhich eee pradeshathe punarujeevippikkukayum nikshepakar bisinasukalude sammisranam ulkkollunna valia shopping sentarukal nirmmikkukayum cheythu. vietnaamees samoohavum bisinessukalum pinneedu aduthulla garden grove, midu way sitti, foundan vaali, staantan, anahaim, santa anaa ennividangalilekku vyaapichu.
ooranchu kaundiyil, littil saigon ippol vietnaamees, chainees-vietnaamees bisinasukalude misrithamulla ennamatta suburban-stail strip maalukalulla vishalavum vyaapichukidakkunnathu oru samoohamaanu. samsthaana root 22 num antharsamsthaana 405 num idayil disnilaandinte thekkupadinjaraayi sthithicheyyunna ithu, ennirunnaalum, cheria saigoninte pradhana shradha bolsa avanyoovaanu (eshyan garden maalum cheria saigon plassa hridayamaayi kanakkaakkappedunnu), ithu westminstariloode kadannupokunnu; 1980 kalude avasaanathil westminstar sitti kaunsil eee theruvinu littil saigon ennu audyogikamaayi namakaranam cheythu. littil saigoninte athirthikal yathaakramam vadakkum thekkum track avanyoo, dablyu mcfadden avanyoo, kizhakkum padinjaarum euclid street, magnolia street ennivayaayi kanakkakkaam. eee pradeshathe janasamkhyayude naalil moonnu bhaagavum vietnaamees vamshajaraanu.
niravadhi vietnaamees bhasha television steshanukal, radio steshanukal, cheria saigonil ninnum sameepa pradeshangalil ninnum uthbhavikkunna pathrangal ennivayulla westminstar pothuve vietnaamees american samoohathinte pradhana saamskaarika kendramaayi kanakkaakkappedunnu. 2009 leeii kanakkanusarichu kuranjathu oru radio steshanengilum viyatnaameesil 24 manikkoor 4 television substationukalum viyatnaameesil 24 manikkoor prakshepanam cheiyunnu, koodaathe niravadhi pathrangal vietnaamees-american samoohathe sevikkunnu. niravadhi recording studiyokalullathum viyatnaamilethinekkaal palamadangu valuppamullathumaya recording vyavasayamulla littil saigon vietnaamees poppu sangeetha vyavasaayathinte pradhana kendramaayi uyarnnuvannittund. westminstaril record cheytha vietnaamees samgeetham amerikkayiludaneelamulla vietnaamees samoohangalilum austreliya, france, jarmmani ennividangalilum viyatnaamil niyamavirudhamaayum vitharanam cheyyukayum vilkkukayum cheiyunnu.
januvari avasaanathode-februvari thudakkathil tettu ennariyappedunna oru vaarshika vietnaamees chandra puthuvalsara uthsavathinte sthalamaanu garden grove paarkk. bolsa grande haiskool maitanath ninnu theruvinu kuruke sthithicheyyunna garden grove parkkil cheria amusement paarkk raidukal, nrithangal, malsarangal enniva nadakkunnu, ithu union oof vietnaamees studant association (uvsa) aathidheyathvam vahikkunnu. 2013 muthal, vaarshika utsavam koosta mesayile osi fair groundilekku maatti.
vietnaamees american janasamkhya ippol cheria saigonil ninnu parambaraagathamaayi thozhilaallivargga hyspanic nagarangalaya santa anayilekkum thekk professional madhyavarga pradhaanamaayum velutha nagarangalaya koosta mesa, huntington beach, irvin, ooranchu ennividangalilekkum vyapikkaan thudangi. varshangalayi, cheria saigoninte oorjjaswalamaaya samooham cheria amayum poppum vietnaamees bisinasukalude idaykkide thurakkalum adachupoottalum anubhavichittundu, athinte falamaayi chila upekshikkappetta strip plaasakalude kazhchakal undaayittund. vietnaamees american janasamkhyayude maarikkondirikkunna bhooprakrithi ooranchu kaundiyil kooduthal bahu saamskaarika ruchi konduvarumenkilum chaina tounukaleppole, videshathu janicha vietnaamees pazhayakaalakkaarude janasamkhya kurayukayum vietnaamees american kudumbangalude kooduthal yuvathalamurakal mukhyadharaa american samskaaravumaayi poruthappedukayum (prathyekichu cheria saigonile vietnaamees vamseeya maalukalekkaal fasionable maalukalkk munganana nalkikkond) cheria saigon pradeshathu ninnu kooduthal akaleyulla sambanna samoohangalilekku neengukayum cheiyunnathinaal oru "cheria saigon" enna swathuathe illaathaakkaan kazhiyum.
saan diego.
1981ll vietnaamees kudiyettakkaarude "aadya tharamgam" vannuthudangiyappol, palarum saan diego stettu yooniversittiyodu chernnulla kammyoonittikalil sthirathaamasamaakki, athaayath sitti haitts, eest saan diego ennariyappedunna talmadge. ennirunnaalum, kudumbangalum vyakthikalum kooduthal sambannaraayathode palarum nagaratthile mattu samoohangalilekku thamasam maari linda vistta, clairmond, sera messa muthalaayava. (central saan diego), meeraa messa, rancho penasquitos, rancho bernardo thudangiya puthiya tract communitykal enthaayirunnu.
ekadesham 50,000 janasamkhyayulla saan diego metropolittan pradesham amerikkayile ettavum valia vietnaamees samoohangalilonnaayi sthaanam pidikkunnu. nagaratthile vietnaamees janasamkhyayude athulyamaaya kudiyetta reethikal kaaranam, mattu metropolittan pradeshangaleppole (udha.jii.westminstar, saan jose, hoosttan muthalaayava.) ennittum, saan diego mekhalayil moonnu sradheyamaaya vietnaamees bisinus jillakalunda meeraa messa boulivaard (north saan diego), ell kaajon boulivaard (eest saan diego), konvoy street/linda vistta rooad (central saan diego).
eest saan diegoyile ell kaajon boulivaardile pradeshathinu littilsaigonsaandiyego enna web pejil paraamarshichirikkunnathu "littil saigon saan diego" enna audyogika nagaratthinte padavi labikkum.oorgu.
2013 juun 4 nuu, nagara kaunsil nagara uyarangalile cheria saigon saamskaarika, vaanijya jillayaya saan deagoic amgeekaaram nalki, ithu euclid muthal malayora avanyoo vareyulla ell kaajon boulivaardinte aarr block vibhagamaanu. 2019 februvari 1 nuu antharsamsthaana 15-ll cheria saigon adayaalangal sthaapichittundennu velippeduthi.
saan gabriel thaazhvara.
1980kalil viyatnaamil ninnulla thaarathamyena daridraraaya vamseeya chainees abhayaarthikalude valia varavum saannidhyavum kaaranam (ithu taiwan, hongong ennividangalil ninnulla kudiyetta varenyavargathinte varavumaayi poruthappettu), loss enjalsile saan gabriel thaazhvara mekhalayil thekkan kaaliforniyayil viyatnaameesinte mattoru pradhana kendreekaranamundu. littil saigon" ennu pothuve paraamarshikkappedaatha rosemed, southu ell monde, ell monde ennividangalile thozhilaallivarga baariyosile garway avanyoovinte bhagamaaya pradhaanamaayum bhooribhaagam vamseeya chainees vietnaamees udamasthathayilulla thaarathamyena bhaarameriyathum ennaal chitharikkidakkunnathumaya bisinasukalude shekharamundu, koodaathe vardhichuvarunna vamseeya vietnaamees nivaasikalum bisinesses udamakalum undu. eee bisinasukalil palathum cheria strip maalukalilaan sthithicheyyunnathu, mattullava swathanthramaayi nilkkunna, pazhaya kettidangalaanu. eee vietnaamees bisinasukal valare kramena hispanixinte udamasthathayilulla bisinasukale maattisthaapikkunnu.
saan gabriel thaazhvarayude vietnaamees kendramaanu rosemed. rosemedile diamond square ennu vilikkunna oru prathyeka shopping sentar taywanese american cheyin 99 ranch maarkkat (ippol adachirikkunnu) nankooramidunnu, koodaathe vividha chainees vietnaamees cherukida bisinessukalum praadeshika eshyakkaarkku bhakshanam nalkunna oru phudu court ulppedunnu. diamond square ippol adachirikkunnu, pakaram corian american storukal nankooramitta square. 99 ranch maarkkattin pakaram square supermarket varunnu.
eee pradeshathu thamasikkunna thozhilaallivargga vietnaameesinteyum pradhana bhoopradeshamaaya chainees pravaasikaludeyum pradhana kendramaayi ithu thudarunnu. vamseeya chainees vamshajaraaya niravadhi vietnaamees aalukalkk vividha bisinasukal svanthamaayi undu-prathyekichu soopparmaarkkattukal, restorantukal, beauty parlorukal, oottoo repire shoppukal-kaaliforniyayile monterry paarkkile garway avanyoovinte pradhana pothuvaaya mixed-chainees vaanijya pathakalil, kaaliforniyayile alhambra, california, saan gabriel, california, rosemed ennividangalile vaali boulivaard. thaazhvarayile boulivaardil ithinakam niravadhi phoo, baann mii bhakshanasaalakal undu.
sreeraacha hoott soos nirmmathaavaaya huy fong foods (kozhi logoic perukettathum ennamatta vietnaamees restorantukalil kaanapedunnathumaaya) david tran enna chainees vietnaamees abhayaarthiyude udamasthathayilullathaanu, ithu yadhaarthathil loss enjalsile chaina tounilaanu sthithi cheythirunnathu, pakshe athu rosemedile valia soukaryathilekku maatti.
2005ll joonn tran rosemed sitti kaunsilil oru seettilekku thiranjedukkappedunna aadyathe vietnaamees amerikkakkaaranaayi. 2006 muthal addeham nagaratthinte meyaraanu, kaunsil amgangalkkidayil marimari vahikkunna oru sthaanamaanithu.
saan jose.
180, 000-thiladhikam nivaasikal ulppedunna, janasamkhyayude ekadesham <aii. dii. 1>, (2010 leeii yuu.ezz. sensus) saan josinte vietnaamees samoohathe ooranchu kaundiyile samoohavumaayi thaarathamyappeduthaam. viyatnaamin purathulla mattethoru nagarathekkaalum kooduthal vietnaamees nivaasikal saan josil undu. ooranchu kaundiyil ninnulla vietnaamees bhasha radio paripaadikal eee mekhalayil veendum prakshepanam cheyyappedunnu, ennirunnaalum saan josil praadeshikamaayi nirmmicha vietnaamees bhasha radioyum kyoo hoong media, viyan thavo, vietde tivi thudangiya tivi steshanukalum adangiyirikkunnu. saan jose merkuri nyoos" enna vietnaamees bhasha pathippaya "viyatt merkuri" ippol nirthalaakkiyittundi, mattu niravadhi prasidheekaranangal samooham aaswadikkunna vietnaamees saahityam vaagdaanam cheiyunnu, udaaharanathinu thaang moow, triu thaan maasikakal, athupole kaalittodeyil ninnulla pathrangal, viyatt bavo, thoyi bavo dainamdina vaarthakal (ippol pravarthanarahithamaanu), vietnaam naatt bavo (vietnaam dainamdina vaarthakal). tilly roadile niravadhi strip maalukalum (sender rooad muthal kvimbi rooad vare) sender road (kyaapittal express way muthal koostkoo vazhi burk street vare) vietnaamees abhiruchikal niravettunnu, tulliyudeyum kinginteyum kavalayilulla layan plasa (layan soopparmaarkkattil nankooramidunnu), cenderilum levisilum (ippol leeyude soopparmaarkkattil nankooramidunnu) kaaribbikal sentar cheiyunnu. 
ennirunnaalum, prashasthamaaya grand senchwari maalum vietnaam tounum (rund shopping maalukalum chainees-vietnaamees riyal estettu developer laap taanginte udamasthathayilullathaanu) sthithicheyyunna stori rodilaanu (sender rooad muthal mcloglin avanyoo vare) saan josinte vietnaamees-american samoohathinte prabhavakendram, saan jose sitti kaunsil audyogikamaayi "littil saigon" ennu namakaranam cheythirikkunnu. ooranchu kaundiyile kaundarpaarttineppole, 2013 ll haiway 101, freeway 280 ennivayil oru freeway oofraamp saine sthaapichu, stori rooad (haiway 101 ll ninnu), mcloglin avanyoo (freeway 280 ll ninnu) littil saigonilekk purathukadakkunnu. leeyude saandvichukal (oru vietnaamees baann mii sandwich cheyin bhakshanashala), phoo cheyin, phoo hova restorant ennivaykku avarude aadya lokkeshanukal saan josilaanu. meksikkan-amerikkakkar, philipino-amerikkakkar, indian-amerikkakkar thudangiya mattu vamseeya nyoonapakshangalumaayi chernnu thamasikkunna nagaratthinte vamseeya vaividhyam kaaranam saan josile vietnaamees samooham praadeshika samoohavumaayi kooduthal poornnamaayum samyojippichirikkunnu.
littil saigon", "nyoo saigon", "vietnaamees bisinus distrikt" ennivaye anukoolikkunna vividha grouppukalulla saan josile vietnaamees samooham bisinus jillayude peril raashtreeyamaayi bhinnichirikkunnu. vietnaamees ithara bisinessukalum thaamasakkaarum saan jose hyspanic chamber oof komezhsum "littil saigon" enna perine ethirthu. 2007 novemberil, saan jose sitti kaunsil "saigon bisinus distrikt" enna perilulla othutheerppinu 8-3 vottucheythu, ithu prathishedhatthinum samvaadathinum "saigon bisinus distrikt" enna peru nirddeshicha sitti kaunsil amgam maadisan enguyene thirichuvilikkaanulla sramathinum kaaranamaayi. 2008 march 4 nuu, aayirathiladikam "littil saigon" anuyaayikal pankeduttha oru pothuyogatthinu sesham, sitti kaunsil "saigon bisinus distrikt" enna peru radhaakkaan 11-1 vottu cheythenkilum peru maattunnathil ninnu vittuninnu. 2009 maarchil guene thirichuvilikkunnathu parajayappettu.
nagaratthile charitraparamaaya myusiyathinu sameepamulla kellie parkkil viyatt myoosiyathinte nirmmanavum saan jose anuvadichu. 2007 august 25nuu viyatt myoosiyathinte gambheera udghaadanam nadannu.
vishudhagrandham.
valiathum valarunnathumaya vietnaamees american janasamkhyayullathinaal, 2010 februvariyil, florin rooad muthal fruitridge rooad vareyulla saakramentoyile stoktan boulivaardinte oru bhaagathinu audyogikamaayi "littil saigon" ennu perittu. 1980kalil vietnaamees abhayaarthikalude kudiyettam aarambhichuvenkilum 1990kaludeyum 2000kaludeyum (dashakam) avasaanam muthal (prathyekichu silikkan thaazhvarayile dott-coom prathimaykku sesham) dhaaraalam vietnaamees aalukal saan jose pradeshathu ninnu sacramento pradeshathekku maari. kuranja bhavanavila, kuranja jeevithachelavu, vietnaamees, chainees enclaveukal ennivayaal aalukal eee pradeshathekku akarshikkappettu. praadeshika samoohathinum nankooramidunna pasaphik plaasaykkum vendi 2000-ll valia eshyan supermarket shann phaatt supermarket (oru chainees vietnaamees amerikkakkaarante udamasthathayilulla oru cheria thekkan california aasthaanamaayulla shringhala) thurannu. vietnaamees-chainees udamasthathayilulla aadyathe soopparmaarkkattukalilonu winn phaatt soopparmaarkkattaayirunnu. 65-aamm, stoktan boulivaard ennivayude kavalakalilulla oru pradhana malsaramaanu ezz. eph. supermarket. vietnaamees baann mii sandvichukalkku prashasthamaaya hoong laanum eee kendrathilundu. 2010ll florin roadle oru puthiya 99 ranch maarkkat thurannu. stoktan boulivaardinte strippil dhaaraalam vietnaamees, chainees restorantukalum "phoo", boba thudangiya vamseeya bhakshanagalkkulla niravadhi sthalangalum undu. saan jose aasthaanamaayulla pramukha vietnaamees american developermaar vikasippikkaanirikkunna cheria saigon plasa (oru supermarket nankooramidunna) ulppede vikasanathinaayi aasoothranam cheythirikkunna aduthulla vietnaamees chainees shopping sentarukalundu. mattu nilavile shopping sentarukal cheria vietnaam, pasaphik riim plasa thudangiya perukal upayogikkunnu. eee pradeshathe valarnnuvarunna vietnaamees samoohathinte thelivaanu sacramento public libraryude southgettu branch (66-aamath avanyoo, stoktan boulivaardinu sameepam) vietnaamees vasthukkalude oru valia shekharam vahikkunnu.
saan francisco.
2004-nte thudakkathil, eddi, oo 'farrell theruvukalkkidayilulla larkin streettine saan francisco audyogikamaayi "littil saigon" ("saay goonn noow") ennu namakaranam cheythu. nagaratthile 13,000 vietnaamees-american nivaasikalil 2,000 perr thamasikkunna tenderloin jillayil sthithi cheiyunna rund blokkukalulla eee bhagam 80 sathamaanathiladhikam vietnaamees udamasthathayilullathaanu. saan josil ninnu vyathyasthamayi, valia vamseeya vietnaamees janasamkhyayulla viyatnaamil ninnulla vamseeya chainakkaare svayam vibhajanam kaaranam saan fraansiskoyil nannayi prathinidheekarikkunnu. baanarukalum dishaasoochanakalum ithinakam sthaapichittundu. saan fraansiskoyude jappaandauninum chainadouninum (cheruthenkilum) samanamaaya oru aupachaarika pratheekathmaka praveshana kavaadam 2008 joolaiyil sthaapichu.
ookklaand.
kaaliforniyayile saan antonio jillayile eestlekku ayalpakkamaaya ookklaandile 1st avanyoo muthal 23th avanyoo vare vyaapichukidakkunna eee pradesham littil saigon oof ookklaand ennariyappedunnu. praadeshika vietnaamees chamber oof komezhs kanakkaakkunnath, vietnaamees vamshajaraaya ekadesham 8,000 aalukal ookklaandil thaamasikkunnu, avar pradhaanamaayum eestlekkil kendreekarichirikkunnu. vietnaamees bisinasukal jillayile anthaaraashtra boulivaardilum eest 12th streettilum kendreekarichirikkunnu, koodaathe ookklaandinte sann hoopp phaatt markkattum aadyathethilonnaaya pazhangalum palacharakk kadayum ulppedunnu. restorantukal, print shoppukal, aabharana kadakal, oru karoke mesheen store ennivayulppede vietnaamees kudiyetta samoohathinu sevanam nalkunna dussen kanakkinu vietnaamees udamasthathayilulla bisinasukalaanu nilavil eee pradeshathullathu. shope chinnangal saadhaaranayaayi dwibhasha engleesh vietnaameesumaanu. manja vietnaamees swaathanthrya pathaakakalum "cheria saigon ookklaandilekku swaagatham" enna adayaalangalum ellaayidathum drishyamaanu, athupole "mye" ennu vilikkunna cherry pookkalude aakruthiyilulla manja, chuvapp vietnaamees pattunool pookkalum.
2019 ll, praadeshika bisinesses udamakal eee pradeshathe "littil saigon" aayi aupachaarikamaayi nagaratthe amgeekarikkunnathinaayi lobby cheyyukayum oru bisinus mechappeduthal jilla (bid) srishtikkunnathinulla nirddeshathil pravartthikkukayum cheythu-praadeshika bisinessukalum chilappol adhika property udamakalum ayalpakka paripaadikal, shucheekarana sramangal, praadeshika soundaryavalkkarana sramangal, jilla prolsaahippikkunnathi vipanana kaambeynukal ennivaykkaayi nikuthi sarcharj allengil nirbandhitha phees nalkunna oru pradesham athinullile vyakthigatha bisinasukalekkaal. eestlekkileyum ookklaandileyum chaina tounileyum lelasadhyatha padanangalkkaayi sitti kaunsil bajatt 125,000 dollar anuvadichu.
ookklaand vietnaamees chamber oof komezhs eest 12th streettinteyum 7th avanyoovinteyum kavalayilulla klintan square parkkil vaarshika vietnaamees midu-sharatkaala utsavam samghadippikkunnu. saan francisco ulkkadal pradeshathudaneelamulla vividha kizhakkan eshyan samoohangalkkaayi niravadhi sharatkaala uthsavangal ("eshyan puthuvalsaram") aakhoshangalkkoppam ookklaand vietnaamees sharathkaalathinte madhyakala utsavam nadakkunnu.
2021-leeii venalkkaalath, ookklaand vietnaamees chamber oof komezhsum (vamseeya bhakshya jillakale prolsaahippikkunnathi eest bay eshyan local development korppareshan dhanasahayam nalkunna oru prograam), pokkimon goo developer niyantik ennivar pokkemon goo evantukalum praadeshika bhakshanavum kendreekarichulla oru "summer phestt" samghadippichu, museum oof art aandu digital entertainment, covid-19 testing, prathirodha kuthivayppukal enniva labhyamakkiya retro viidiyoo geyimukalkkoppam.
mattevideyengilum.
mattu eshyakkaarum athilum kooduthal laattinokalum ennathil kooduthalaanengilum, valia thothil vietnaamees aalukal loss enjalsile madhya jillakalilaanu thaamasikkunnath. anaudyogikamaayi, reverside kaundi, fresno, ooksnaard ennividangalil chila vietnaamees undu. 
collado.
colladoyile denverile vestt almedaykkum vestt mississippi vazhikalkkum edayilulla vidoora kizhakkan kendra shopping komplaksukalkkidayila federal boulivaardil vietnaamees paachakavibhavangalum vividha bisinessukalum ulppede valarunna vietnaamees vaanijya jilla uyarnnuvannittund. bisinesses udamakal, colladoyile vietnaamees american community, denver eshyan pasaphik kammeeshan, denver sitti kaunsilmaan pooll lopez ennivarude neethrthwathil, littil saigon bisinus distrikt 2014 ll athinte sambannamaaya vietnaamees samskaarathe maanichukondu roopeekarichu. colladoyile ororayilum, prathyekichu vadakku almeda avanyoo, thekk iii. hampdon avanyoo, kizhakk chembezhs rooad, padinjaaru hawanah street. nilavil ekadesham 21,000 vietnaamees aalukal denver-aurora-boulder metro pradeshathu thaamasikkunnu.
florida.
floridayile colonial taunn jillayaya oorlaandooyil "littil saigon" ennu vilikkunna oru abhivridhi praapikkunna vietnaamees quarter nilavilundu. nikuthi muthal medical, dental cair vare praadeshika vietnaamees samoohathinu sevanam nalkunna restorantukal, palacharakk saadhanangal, vietnaamees professional offeesukal ennivayude vardhichuvarunna ennam ulkkollunna eee ayalpakkamaan orlando nagaratthile oru naazhikakkallayi maariyirikkunnath. karoke baarukal, bubble tea shoppukal, vietnaamees viidiyoo, music shoppukal, eshyayiludaneelamulla midaayikalum shekharangalum ulkkollunna storukal ennivayude roopathil storukal eshyan poppu samskaaram samoohathinu nalkunnu. eest colonial drive/haiway 50, "vii-mii" jilla ennum ariyappedunna mills avanyoo ennivayude kavalayaan jillayude hridayam.
saigoninte pathanathinushesham amerikkayil oru puthiya jeevitam thedunna yuddha abhayaarthikalilaanu orlando vietnaamees samoohathinte verukal. aduthide viyatnaamile jayilil ninnu mochithanaaya tuwong enguen foshiyeppolulla sradheyamaaya janaadhipathya anukoola pravartthakar avarude veedu orlando ennu vilikkunnu.
oorlaandoyile vietnaamees samoohavum long vaan temple, sent. philipp phaan vaan miin charchu, vietnaamees baptist charchu, central floridayile vietnaamees association polulla grouppukal enniva avarude paithrikam nilanirthaanum avarude samskaaram bakkiyulla oorlaandooyumaayi pankidaanum shramikkunnu. central florida fair groundukalilum nagaratthiludaneelamulla niravadhi puthuvalsara aakhoshangal polulla vaarshika paripaadikal vietnaamees samskaaram pracharippikkanum oorlaandoyiludaneelam vaividhyam prolsaahippikkaanum sahayikkunnu.
jorjia.
atlaantaykku vadakkulla decalb kaundiyile thozhilaallivargga praanthapradeshangalaaya doravilleyileyum chambly bufford haiveyude vaanijyaparavum saamskaarikavumaaya strip-mixed-eshyan mekhalayil sthithicheyyunna niravadhi vietnaamees bisinasukal undu-athaayath, vamseeya corian, chainees bisinasukalumaayi sahakarichu nilanilkkunnu. yudhaananthara vietnaamees abhayaarthikal neratthe atlaantayil sthirathaamasamaakkiyirumnum, kaaliforniyayil ninnum amerikkayude mattu bhaagangalil ninnumulla niravadhi vietnaamees amerikkakkar 1990 muthal atlaanta pradeshathekku thamasam maarukayaan. lokathile athivegam valarunna vietnaamees janasamkhyayude aasthaanamaanu metropolittan atlaanta.
gulf theeram.
gulf theerathu 40,000 vietnaamees-amerikkakkar undennum eee pradeshathu ninnulla oro 4 mathsyathozhilaalikalil oraal vietnaamees-amerikkakkaaraanennum kanakkaakkappedunnu.
alabama.
vietnaamees-amerikkakkar malsyabandhana kugramamaaya bayau laa batreyile janasamkhyayude moonnilonnu varum. samoohathil bhooribhaagavum kadalvibhava vyavasaayathilaan jolie cheiyunnathu, athesamayam oru cheria sathamaanam kappal nirmmaana vyavasaayathilaan jolie cheiyunnathu. vietnaamees-american nivaasikalude ennam kooduthalaayathinaal nagaratthinte kizhakk bhaagathinu "littil vietnaam" ennu vilipperaan. vietnaamees, mukhyadharaa samskaarangalude saamoohika samyojanam vietnaamees bisinasukale nilanirthiyittundu. vietnaamees american samoohathinullil amerikkakkaarude oru valia upasamoohavum eee nagaram kaanunnu. american homecoming act vazhi palareyum uslake konduvarikayum paristhithiyilum vyavasaayathilum avarkk parichithamayathumaayi saamyamullathinaal eee pradeshathekku maattukayum cheythu.
louisiana.
parambaraagatha malsyabandhanathil earppettirikkunna niravadhi vietnaamees vamshajarude aavasa kendramaanu louisiana. louisiana vietnaamum franch kolanikalaayirunnu. vietnaamees-american bisinasukalude kendreekaranamulla niravadhi pradeshangal nyoo orliyansilundu. eee kammyoonittikalil ettavum valuth vietnaam palliyile merii kween, dong phoong ooriyantal bekari thudangiya pradhana community, vaanijya sthaapanangal ulppedunna villej dii ell 'esttinu chuttum sthithicheyyunnu.
florida boulivaardinte (yuu. esinte bhagamaaya) 12000 blockinu sameepam sthithi cheiyunna baattan roojil oru vietnaamees bisinus vibhaagamund.ezz. root 190), athil restorantukal, palacharakk kadakal, mattu vividha bisinasukal enniva ulppedunnu, ithu nagaratthinte mattu chila bhaagangalil polum kaanapedunnu.
2008ll, nyoo oorliyansinte bhooribhaagavum ulppedunna louisianayile kanatha janadhipathyamulla randaamathe kongras jillayil ninnu republicanaayi kongrasilekku thiranjedukkappettathin sesham aan "josaf" cavo charithram srishtichu. cavo oru thavana sevanamanushtikkukayum vietnaamees vamshajaraaya aadya vyakthiyayi yuu. esilekku thiranjedukkappedukayum cheythu.ezz. kongras.
mississippi.
biloxyile ookku theruvil oru cheria "cheria saigon" kaanam. niravadhi vietnaamees-amerikkakkar samanamaaya paristhithiyum vyavasaayavum kaaranam thekkan mississippiyilekku thamasam maari. eee pradeshathe vietnaamees-american thozhil shakti saadhaaranayaayi malsyabandhanam, choothaattam, kappal nirmmaanam ennee vyavasaayangalkkidayil vyaapichukidakkunnu.
illinois.
chikkago nagaratthile aargil streettil oru cheria saigon jillayund, ithu nagaratthile oorjjaswalamaaya vietnaamees samskaarathinte kendramaayi mariyirikkunnu. chikkago nivaasikal ithine "puthiya chainadaun", littil saigon allengil ettavum saadhaaranayaayi argyl ennaanu vilikkunnathu. sii. tii. eiii redu laininte aargil steshanil ninnu aargil eluppathil athicheraanaakum.
kentakki.
1990kalil tarq drivermar "littil saigon" ennu vilichirunna louisvilleyil oru anaudyogika vietnaamees jillayund, ithu southu 3 streettinum southside drivinum sameepamulla pradeshangale kendreekarichullathaanu, pradhaanamaayum thekk vashathulla ayalpakkathaanu. vietnaamees-american bisinasukal, sthaapanangal, janasamkhya muthalaayava. kaundiyude mattu bhaagangalilekku vyaapicha avaa ippozhum 40214 sipp codil kizhakk irokwois paarkkin sameepam kendreekarichirikkunnu.
masaachyusets.
bosttaninte oru ayalpradeshamaaya masaachyusetsile dorchester vadakkukizhakkan vietnaamees vyavasaya kendratthinte aasthaanamaanu. boosttan-vorsestar pradeshathe viyatnaamil janicha ekadesham 75,000 amerikkakkaarkkum chuttumulla samsthaanangalaaya connecticut, rooad dweep ennivarkkum ithu sevanam nalkunnu. niravadhi viyatt samghaditha saamoohika sevana ejansikalum (vorsestar viyatt aidile thekkukizhakkan eshyan sakhyam, vikasanathinayulla vietnaamees american samrambham) chila mathaparavum pothu dhanasahayamullathumaaya samghadanakalum avidatthe communitykalkku sevanam nalkunnu. bosttanil thaamasichaalum illengilum vietnaamees nannayi samsaarikkunna thaddesheeya vietnaamees swadeshikale ivide jolikkayi niyamikkunnu.
springfieldile "x" vietnaamees bisinasukalkkulla oru kaanthikamaan, koodaathe restorantukal, bisinasukal, oru vietnaamees community sentar ennivayulppede padinjaaran masaachyusetsile vietnaamees vaasasthalathinte sthalamaanu.
misauri.
pathinaayiratthiladhikam vietnaamees kudiyettakkaarude aavasa kendramaanu kansas nagaram. independence avanyoo, gaarisan square ennividangalile ganyamaaya vietnaamees janasamkhya "phoo" restorantukal, neyil saloonukal, hair saloonukal, viidiyoo giftt storukal, sell phoon storukal, pool haalukal, aabharana storukal ennivayulppede vividha bisinasukal aarambhichu. puthiya "cheria saigonukalilonnu" ippol kansas sitti gladston parisaratthe north ookku traaphik haiveyil kaanam.
sent. louisilum valia thothil vietnaamees kudiyettakkaarundu. bhooribhaagam restorantukalum storukalum grand avanyoovilo sameepatho "southu sittiyilaan".
mishigan.
littil saigon" ennu perittillengilum, detroit pradeshathe maadisan haittukalile suburban samooham vietnaamees vaanijyathinte kendramaayi maari. joonn aarr roadle deckwinder roadle sthithi cheiyunna niravadhi vietnaamees markkattukal, phoo noodles suupp restorantukal, moovi/music storukal, niravadhi neyil supply storukal, herbel storukal, beauty saloonukal enniva rund theruvukalilayi sthaapichittundu.
maadisan uyarangalkk purame, valia druthagathiyilulla pradeshangalilum holland pradeshangalilum oru cheria vietnaamees enclave undu.
inkstarinu "littil saigon" ennariyappedunna oru ayalpakkamund, ennirunnaalum ithu vietnaam yudhathe paraamarsikkunnu, vietnaamees janathayeyo samskaaratheyo allah. "bullatt dwaarangalum boarded janalukalum saadhaaranamaaya inksttar roadle annapolisilum ulla bhawana padhathikalude oru shekharamaanu "littil saigon".
nyoo meksikoo.
albookerk, nyoo meksikkoyil nagaratthinte anthaaraashtra jillayile central avanyoovilum parisaratthum vividha vietnaamees restorantukalum bisinassukalumulla oru cheria "littil saigon" communityundu.
newyork.
newyork nagaratthile anaudyogika "littil saigon" vietnaamees samooham bowery, grand street ennivayude kavalaykku sameepam nilavilundu. aduthulla chaina tounumaayi thaarathamyappeduthumbol cheruthaanenkilum, chainees storukalumaayi thaarathamyappeduthumbol vietnaamees storukalude valia saannidhyam eee pradeshathe vyathyasthamaakkunnu.
vadakkan carolina.
charlottil, central avanyoo (briar creak roadinu sameepam) "saigon square", "dimm summ restorant" (newyork-stail dimm summ sevanam nalkunna), "yang hong supermarket", "vaan loyi" (chaa shaavo sevanam nalkunna), oru dasanolam mattu storukal enniva ulppedunna mattu chainees/vietnaamees shopping plaasakal ulkkollunna yadhaartha "chaina taunn" aanu.
saigon squareil phoo hoow (vietnaamees noodles) ulppede vividha vietnaamees (chainees allengilum) storukalundu.
1999ll pravarthanarahithamaaya trion maalil ninnu "draagan court restorant", "hongong bbq", "internaashanal supermarket", "nyoo senchwari maarkkat", mattu niravadhi chainees/vietnaamees storukal enniva upayogichu north trion streettileyum shugar creak roadileyum eshyan corner maall vikasippichu.
vietnaamees nadathunna bisinasukal (storukalum restorantukalum ulppede) prachaarathilulla pradeshangalum greensboroyilund.
oklahoma.
oklahoma nagaratthil oru pradhana vietnaamees american bisinus jilla nagaratthinte madhyabhaagathu sthithi cheiyunna vamseeya ayalpakkavumund. ayalpakkathinte samriddhamaaya eshyan vaividhyam kaaranam (siyaattilile anthaaraashtra jillaykku samaanamaayi) ithu nagaram audyogikamaayi eshyan jilla ennariyappedunnunde, yadhaartha cheria saigon bhaagatthinte bhooribhaagavum sainika drivilum north klaas boulivaardinum north shartle avanyoovinum edayilulla 23-aamm theruvilumaanu.
1980kalil pathinaayirakkanakkin vietnaamees abhayaardhikale oklahoma nagaratthilekku maattippaarppichu. kaalakramena, avar 23-aamm sthaanathulla mukalile pattanatthinteyum klaass boulivaard bisinus jillakaludeyum padinjaaru oru soumyamaaya pradeshathu bisinasukal sthaapikkukayum eee pradesham "littil saigon" ennu ariyappedaan thudangukayum cheythu.
yadhaartha cheria saigon pradeshathu niravadhi "phoo" kafekal, vietnaamees bekkarikalum restorantukalum, eshyan soopparmaarkkattukalum undu. chainees, thaay, philipino, corian nivaasikaludeyum chuttumulla eshyan jillayude backie bhagangal ulkkollunna sthaapanangaludeyum valarunna pattikayil niravadhi hopping naitt clubbukal, karoke, viidiyoo baarukal ennivayum ulppedunnu.
amerikkayude hridayabhoomiyile vidoora kizhakkinte varnnaabhamaayathum aadhikaarikavumaaya ruchi nalkunna eee jilla sameepathulla oklahoma sitti yooniversittiyile praadeshika nivaasikalkkum vidyaarthikalkkum idayil valare janapriyamaan. oklahoma nagaratthinte yadhaartha cheria saigon ayalpakkangal newyork timesil pradarshippikkukayum naashanal geographic march 2003 lakkathinte sipusa seereesil "73106: lemongraas oonn dhii prairy" enna peril avatharippikkukayum cheythu.
origon.
10, 641 vietnaamees amerikkakkar portland pradeshathu thaamasikkunnu. portlandile niravadhi vietnaamees restorantukal, markkattukal, mattu bisinasukal enniva neey sandy boulivaard, seey powell boulivaard, neey aandu seey 82 aam avanyoo ennivayil kaanam. beaverton, hillsboro, aloha, tigard thudangiya chila vietnaamees bisinessukalum portland pradeshathinu chuttumund.
pensylvania.
itaaliyan maarkkattinaduthulla southu filadelfiyayil valia vietnaamees american janasamkhyayundu. praadeshika kudiyettakkaare sevikkunnathinaayi strip maalukalil kudungiya niravadhi vietnaamees bisinasukal washington avanyoovil uyarnnuvannittund. vietnaamees sandwich baann mii filadelfiyayil valareyadhikam shradha nedukayum ippol philli cheesstekkumaayi malsarikkukayum cheiyunnu.
2005 leeii kanakkanusarichu, thekkan filadelfiyayile ettavum valia vamseeya vibhaagamaayi vietnaamees maarumennu kanakkaakkappedunnu. aadya patthu yuu. eiii. kalkkullilaanu philadelphia.ezz. vietnaamees janasamkhyaykkulla nagarangalum vietnaamees kudiyetta lakshyasthaanangalum. newyork nagarathekkaal uyarnna sathamaanavum samkhyaa janasamkhyayum ulla philadelphia, yadhaarthathil newyorkkil praathinidhyam kuranja churukkam chila eshyan pashchaathalangalil onnaanu.
tenzee.
midu tounile cleveland avanyoovil sthithi cheiyunna "littil hanoi" ennariyappedunna oru pradhana vietnaamees samoohamaanu memphisilullathu. niravadhi vietnaamees restorantukalum kadakalum oru vietnaamees budhakshethravum pradhaanamaayum vietnaamees bhavanangalude pradeshangalum eee samoohathil ulppedunnu. memphis metropolittan pradeshathe avasaanathethum valuthumaaya hyspanic ithara kudiyetta enklevukalilonnaanu littil hanoi.
texes.
austin.
vadakkan lamaril pradhaanamaayum vietnaamees bisinesses ulkkollunna oru chaina taunn sentar oosttinil undu.
hoosttan.
150, 000-thiladhikam vietnaamees janathayude aavasa kendramaanu hoosttan pradesham. littil saigon" allengil "vietnaam taunn" ennariyappedunna midu taunn hoosttanile oru bhagam hoosttanile vietnaamees samoohathinte yadhaartha vaanijya jillayaayirunnu. athirthikal 69/yuu. ezz 59, preesttan street, sent. joseph parkway vimochana avanyoovum. vietnaamees theruvu adayaalangal 1998 muthal eee pradeshathe soochippikkunnu. 2004 ll eee pradeshathinu hoosttan nagaram audyogikamaayi "littil saigon" ennu perittu. midu taunn hoosttaninte punarvikasanam moolam swath moolyangalum swath nikuthiyum vardhichu, ithu niravadhi vietnaamees-american bisinasukale ayalpakkathu ninnu mattu pradeshangalilekku nirbandhitharaakki.
ettavum valia vietnaamees vaanijya jilla ippol kaanappedunnath hoosttanile chainadouninu padinjaaru bellair boulivaardilulla oru strippaya hoostanilaanu (alif), vietnaamees udamasthathayilulla mikka bisinessukalum restorantukalum hongong sitti maalil kendreekarichirikkunnu.
vietnaamees jilla hoosttaninte chaina touninodu chernnullathinaal, ithu ore ayalpakkathinte bhaagamaanenn palappozhum aashayakkuzhappathilaakunnu. ennirunnaalum, vietnaamees, chainees jillakal oronnum avarudethaaya ayalpakkangalaanu. eee pradesham praadhamikamaayi vietnaamees, chainees aanenkilum, valia thothil philipino amerikkakkar, arab musleengal, indoneshyan amerikkakkar, paakistaan amerikkakkar ennivarum vietnaam yudhathinu munbu cheria saigon pradeshathu bhooripakshamaayirunna ganyamaaya alavil aafrikkan amerikkakkarum eee pradeshathundu.
dallas-fort varthu (dii. eph. dablyu).
ivide pattikappeduthiyavaykku purame, niravadhi anaudyogika cheria saigonukal metroplexinu moolyamulla dallas-kottayilaanu sthithi cheiyunnathu. yunaittad stetsile ettavum valia vietnaamees samoohangalilonnaayi dallas kanakkaakkappedunnu, koodaathe athinte sahodari nagaramaya kotta.
richaardson, haltom sitti ennividangalilum vietnaamees bisinasukal kaanapedunnu.
kanyaka.
clarendonile littil saigon, arlington, washingtonile littil saigonai pravarthichu.sii. 1970 kalude avasaanathilum 1980 kalude thudakkathilum saigoninte pathanathetthudarnnu eee pradesham athinte unnathiyilethi. raajyathinte thalasthaanathodu saameepyavum nilavilulla saamoohika, kudumba, bisinesses bandhangalum kaaranam niravadhi vietnaamees abhayaarthikal eee pradeshathekku kudiyeri. valia vietnaamees janathaykku sevanam nalkunnathinaayi vietnaamees palacharakk kadakal, restorantukal, department storukal, kafekal, vinodam ennivayude aasthaanamaayirunnu eee ayalpakkangal. dablyumatta clarendon metro steshan nirmmikkunna samayat vaadaka kuravaayathinaal eee ayalpakkathe vietnaamees kudiyettakkaarkku bisinesses akarshakamaayirunnu. eee ayalpakkangal washington dii. yile vietnaamees kudiyettakkaarude lakshyasthaanamaayirunnu.sii. pradeshavum athupole thanne madhya atlaantik mekhalayiludaneelam.
washington dii.sii.virjeeniyayile fairfax kaundiyile ezhu konukalude praanthapradeshamaaya virgenia ippol kizhakkan kadaltheerathe ettavum valia vietnaamees american janasamkhyayudeyum saamskaarika kendrathinteyum aasthaanamaanu. samsarikkaan poornnamaaya "littil saigon" illengilum, praadeshika-eriya viyatnaameesinte ettavum pradhanappetta kendram eedan sentar ennu vilikkunna shopping maalaan, poonthottavum athinte praveshana kavaadatthe soochippikkunna oru kamaanavum poortthiyaayi.
grettar richmondil, hozhspen roadinteyum vestt broad streettinteyum kavalaykku sameepamulla vietnaamees restorantukaludeyum kadakaludeyum kendreekaranatthe chilappol littil saigon ennu vilikkunnu. padinjaaran henricoyude eee pradesham 1980 kalude avasaanam muthal vietnaamees janasamkhyayude kendramaayi vikasichu.
washington.
siyaattil.
nagaratthile valare pazhaya chainadaun jillaykku thottaduthaayi 12 aam avanyoo, jaaksan street enniva kendreekarichu siyaattil oru pradhana, sambannamaaya vietnaamees american bisinus jillayund. eee vietnaamees pradeshathe audyogikamaayi "littil saigon" ennu namakaranam cheythittillenkilum eee perilulla kurachu theruvu adayaalangal sthaapichittundu. pakaram, eee pradesham-chainadaun jillaykoppam-deerghakaalamaayi anthaaraashtra jilla enna peru nilanirtthi (ippol audyogikamaayi chainadaun/anthaaraashtra jilla, pakshe palappozhum "aii" ennu maathram.dii."), 1940kalude avasaanathil. pradhaanamaayum chainees, pradhaanamaayum vietnaamees pradeshangal oru antharsamsthaana 5 vioduct vazhi parasparam verthirikkappedunnu, pakshe iruvarkkumidayil kaalnadayaathrakkaarum kaarum eluppathil athicheraam.
tacoma.
vietnaamees restorantukal, palacharakk kadakal, kadakal ennivayaal eathaandu poornnamaayum niranjirikkunna "linkon internaashanal distrikt" ennariyappedunna oru pradeshavum tacomayilundu. audyogikamaayi "littil saigon" ennariyappedunnillengum, praadeshika nivaasikal eee pradeshathe saadhaaranayaayi angane vilikkunnu.
canada.
torrento.
jaine, finch ennividangalil valia vietnaamees janasamkhyayundu.
vancouver.
vancouver, britiish kolambiyayile richmond ennivayil vaankoovarinte chaina taunn ulppede valia vietnaamees janasamkhyayundu.
europe.
check republic.
"sappa", "poornnamaayum" "ttm sappa", "chilappol" "pragues hanoi" "ennu vilikkappedunnu, ithu oru vietnaamees vamseeya enclave, vyapara kendram, praagyoovinte libus, kuntattis jillakalile vipani ennivayaanu".
france.
thekkan fraansil, oru abhayaarthi campil 1,160 vietnaamees abhayaardhikale paarppichirunna seyant-livred-surr-lottile oru "cheria vietnaam" 1956 muthal nilaninnirunnathin sesham thakarkkal neridunnu. eee sthalam valarekkaalamaayi avaganikkappedunnu; 120 kudumbangal ippozhum kudilukalilaanu thaamasikkunnath, avaril palarum randaam lokamahaayudham baadhicha moonnaamatheyum naalaamatheyum thalamurakalaanu.
paareesile vietnaamees storukal paareesile 13-aamm arontismentilum 5-aamm arontismentilumaanu kendreekarichirikkunnathu.
jarmmani.
germmaniyil, prathyekichu 1970kalil vietnaamees kudiyetta thozhilaallikal aadyamaayi vanna muun kizhakkan germmaniyil, oru valia vietnaamees samoohamundu. vietnaamees vamshajaraaya ekadesham 35,000 aalukalulla berlin aanu ettavum valia vietnaamees communits. kizhakkan berlinte bhagamaayirunna vietnaamees janasamkhya ettavum kooduthalullathu lichenberg, marsan-hellersdorff ennee barokalilaanu. restorantukal, kadakal, kafekal, baarukal ennivayulppede viyatnaamil ninnu niravadhi saadhanangal vaagdaanam cheiyunna germmaniyile ettavum valia vietnaamees vipaniyaanu lichenbergile dong suwan sentar. mattu jarmman nagarangalaya leapsig, kemnits, hannover ennividangalilum ariyappedunna vietnaamees samoohangalundu.
austreliya.
richmandinte praanthapradeshamaaya melbonil vietnaamees-oostreliyakkaarude oru valia anupaathamund, victoria streettine palappozhum littil saigon ennu vilipperunalkunnu. mattu vietnaamees samoohangal springwelile springwale rooad, footscrayude mikka bhaagangalum, sent albans ennivaye kendreekarichaanu. 
sidneyil, cabrametta, canley vaale, canley haitts ennee praanthapradeshangalil valia thothil vietnaamees janathayundu, kaabramaattaykk 'littil saigon' enna vilipperu labhichu.
adelidel, vietnaamees bisinasukal wood ville kendreekarichirikkunnu, prathyekichu haansan roadle.
paraamarshangal.
HTTP:// lekhanangal.avasanakaalam.com/1994-07-06 local/mee-12402 _ 1 _ garden-grove
HTTP:// lekhanangal.avasanakaalam.com/1994-03-12 local/mee-32940 _ 1 _ vietnaamees-gaang-amgangal
HTTPS:// Ww.ezz. sii. pii. aarr.org/prograamukal/take-tuu/2015/08/28 44250/art-shhow-explorus-paast-future-oof-vietnaamees-inn-oora/
aazhchayil orikkal maathram.coom/nyoo-eksibit-captures-complexities-oof-vietnaamees-inn-ooranchu-kaundi-6477083/
HTTPS:// Ww.okristtar cheyyuka.coom/<aii. dii. 1> puthiya pradarshanangal-kalayum charithravum-vietnaamees kathakal/
HTTPS:// Ww.ngui-viyatt.coom/littil-saigon/vietnaamees-focus-trian-laam-kong-dong-tii-naan-sou-40-naam-3641/
HTTPS:// Ww.okristtar cheyyuka.coom/<aii. dii. 1> thalamurakalude kathakal-aarttifaaktukal-phottokal-oru chitharikkidakkunna-mapp-pease-tugether-histtari-oof-dhaa-vietnaamees-huu-settild-hoow/
HTTPS:// woisfock.org/2015/09 littil-saigon-manassilakkunnu-enthaanu-syrian-abhayaarthikal-kadannupokunnathu/
HTTPS:// Ww.bii. bii. sii.com/vietnaamees/waled/2015/09/150914 _ viyatt _ focus _ exhibition _ usa

