
spanish malsaram

englandile jaims onnaaman raajaavinte makan chaals rajakumaran speyinile philipp moonnaamante makalaaya infaanta maria anayum thammilulla vivahamaayirunnu spanish malsaram. 1614 muthal 1623 vareyulla kaalayalavil charchakal nadakkukayum poornnamaayum thakarunnathin munbu eee kaalayalavil britiish videshanayathinteyum mathanayathinteyum vashangalumayi adutha bandhamullathayi maarukayum cheythu.
aduthide nadanna anglo-spanish yuddham marakkaan kazhiyaatha englandinte protestant house oof komansil janapreeti nediya eee nayam, 1614-ll landanilethiya englandile embassyil aarambhichathaanu, spanish american jalathil jaims engleesh "svakaaryakkaare" niyanthrikkukayaanenkil irelandile jayimsinte prasnakaramaaya bharanathil spain edapedillennu vaagdaanam cheythu. koodaathe, 500,000 poundu (pinneedu 600,000 poundaayi vardhichu) sthreedhanam vaagdaanam cheythukondu addeham oru vivaha sakhyam nirddeshichu, ithu 1614 leeii paarlament thaan abhyarthicha saambathika subsidikal nalkunnathil paraajayappettathinetthudar jaimsinu prathyekichum akarshakamaayi thonni.
europile pramukha protestant, catholica raajakudumbangal thammilulla vivaham urappakkunnathinulla unnathala charchakalude thudarnnulla dashakathinte paraakaashta 1623 ll madridil chaals rajakumaranteyum jayimsinte priyappetta jorjju villiyezhsinteyum embassyumaayi nadannu. jaims rajaavu vivaha karar oppittengilum vivaham nadannilla; pakaram vimarsanam paarlament pirichuvidunnathilekku nayichu.
pashchaathalam.
1612ll maricha chaalsinte mootha sahodaran weils rajakumaaranumaaya henry fredericinu oru spanish vivaham nirddeshichathu addehathinte amma aan oof denmarkaanu. addehathinte maranashesham makal elisabathinuvendi oru spanish vivaham enna ashayathe avar pinthunachuvenkilum 1613-ll elisabath oru pramukha protestant rajakumarane vivaham kazhichu. avarude randaamathe makan chaalsinu, saavoy, tuscani, spain, france ennividangalil ninnulla vivahangal undaayirunnu. 1614 muthal 1619ll swantham maranam vare, aan raajnji oru spanish malsarathinu kurachu pinthuna nalki, chilappol oru franch vivaahathin munganana nalkukayum spanish nirddeshangal poornnamaayum swaartha thaalpparyathe adisthaanamaakkiyullathaane amgeekarikkukayum cheythu. 1620ll ithinethire uyarnnuvanna oru kaaryam, aaragonile catherine merii raajnjiye vivaham kazhikkaan speyinile philipp randaamaneyum englandilekku konduvanna muun spanish malsarangal janashradhayil moshamaayi maari ennathaanu.
jaims aiyude nayam.
1618-nte thudakkathil jaims onnamanum araman sakthamaaya nayatantra sthaanathaayirunnu. europile yudhangalkkethiraaya addehathinte sramangal valia thothil phalapradamaayirunnu, koodaathe catholica shakthikalumayi nalla bandhamullah oru protestant bharanadhikaari enna nilayil addehathinte swantham padavi uyarnnathaayirunnu. anthaaraashtra bandhangalile mathaparamaya ghadakam kuraykkunnathinulla vijayam pinneedu muppath varshathe yudhathinte thudakkathode spanish malsarathinte paraajayathinu samaantharamaayi jaimsinu vashalayi. 1618-ll kaalvinist virudha bishop lancelot aandroovinte vivarthanam, sarr walter raali enna kachavadakkaarante vadhasiksha thudangiya spainumaayulla bandham mechappeduthunnathinulla vishadamaaya neekkangalil addeham ippozhum aashankaakulanaayirunnu.
aabhyanthara thalatthil, 1616 muthal weils rajakumaaranaaya chals speyinile infaanta maria anayum thammilulla vivaahathil ninnu oru spanish sthreedhanathinte saadhyatha, subsidikalkkaayi komansine aashrayikkaathe bharikkanulla vazhikal thedunna jaimsinu varumaanathinte oru saadhyathayulla uravidamaayirunnu. spanish malsarathinte nayathe howards mattu catholica chaayvulla manthrimaarum nayathanthranjarum pinthunachuvenkilum englandile chila protestant grouppukal athine aazhathil vishwasichilla. 1621ll jaims thante marumakanaaya frederic vii, elector paalattine pinthunaykkunnathinaayi oru sainika paryaveshanathinaayi fund swaroopikkunnathinaayi ezhu varshathekku thante aadya paarlament vilichappol vikarangal pothuve shabdamuyarthi.
vaasthavathil pooll vii. marpappa oru protestantine vivaham kazhikkaan sisukku aavashyamaaya vitharanam nalkaanulla oru saadhyathayumundaayirunnil. eee vastutha spanish rajaavinu ariyaamaayirunnuvenkilum kathidapaadukalekkurichu ariyaathe gondomerine sookshichu. pooll anchaaman 1621-nte thudakkathil marichu, addehathinte pingamiyaaya poppu gregory pathinanchaaman eee malsara aashayathin yojichathaayi karuthappettu. engleesh catholicarc vendi cases nalkikkond jaims jorjju gejine lobyilekku ayachu. engleesh catholicarc mechappetta chikitsa oru munvyavasthayaanennu oonnipparanja oru cheria koottam kardinalmarkku eee vishayam kaimari.
rashtreeya ethirppu.
1620kalode, bhookhandathile sambhavangal catholica virudha vikaarathe oru puthiya pichilekku ilakki. catholica vishudha roman saamrajyavum protestant paalattinettum thammil oru samgharsham pottippurappettappol, boheemiyakkaar chakravarty avarude rajaavaayi sthaanabhrashtanaakkukayum jayimsinte marumakanaaya frederic vii, elector paalattine addehathinu pakaram thiranjedukkukayum cheythu, ithu muppath varshathe yudhathinu kaaranamaayi. 1620ll ferdinand randaaman chakravarty praaguvil ninnu purathaakkappetta thante makal elisabathineyum fredericineyum sahayikkaan aavashyamaaya fund swaroopikkunnathinulla eaka maargamaayi jaims vimukhathayode paarlamentine vilichu. oru vashath fredericine sahayikkunnathinaayi gurutharamaaya sainika pravarthanangalkku mathiyaya dhanasahayam nalkaathe koomans, maruvashathu speyininethire nerittu yuddham cheyyanamennu ahvaanam cheythu.
1621 novemberil sarr edward kokkinte neethrthwathil, spainumaayi yuddham cheyyanamennu mathramalla, prins chaals oru protestantine vivaham kazhikkanamennum catholica virudha niyamangal nadappaakkanamennum aavasyappettu koomans oru harji thayyarakki. harjiyekkurich kettappol jaims "daivam enikku kshama nalkuka" ennu vilichathayi parayappedunnu. rajakeeyaavakaashamulla kaaryangalil edapedaruthennu jaims avarodu vyakthamaayi paranju allengil avar shikshaykk irayaakum; eee prakopanathodu abhipraaya swaathanthryam ulppedeyulla avarude avakaashangalkkethire oru prasthavana purappeduvichu avar prathikarichu. jaims ezhuthi "nammude mungaamikalude krupayum anugrahavum moolam avarkk nalkappettuvennu avar keezhadakkiyillengil, avarude swaathanthryathekkurichu atharam rajavaazhcha virudha vaakkukal upayogikkaan nammude prajakale kshamayode sahikkaan kazhiyilla."buckingham spanish ambasseder gondomer aavasyappetta jaims prathishedham record bookil ninnu keerimurichu paarlament pirichuvittu.
prathipaksha saahityam, sensorship, thadavu.
rashtreeya prakriyaykku purathu, spanish virudhavum catholica virudhavumaaya vikarangal uyarnna thothil undaayirunnu. apakeerthippeduthal, vyaajarekha chamaykkal, pakshapathaparamaaya valachodikkal" enniva upayogichu spanish malsarathe korttiloode lakshyamit laghulekhakal pracharippikkal akramanangal nadatthi. spanish partyumaayi bandhapetta vyakthikalekurichulla kettichamacha vyakthigatha vishadaamshangalude roopathilulla smeerukal, prathyekichu purittan vibhaagam prasidheekarichu. 1619 muthal eee prachaaranatthil thomas scott vahicha punk prathyekichum sradheyamaanu.
1620-lum veendum 1621-lum jaims samsthaana kaaryangalekkurichu ezhuthunnathino samsaarikkunnathino ethire utharavukal purappeduvichu. 1621 februvariyil sent martin-inn-dhii-feeldil joonn everard malsarathinethire prasamgikkukayum gettu house jayilil araa varshatholam chelavazhikkukayum cheythu. 1622ll roobert mesan thante suhruthu thomas hobsinu malsarathekkurichulla pothujanaabhipraayathekkur ezhuthiyappol, jaimsinte nayathe vimarsikkukayum paletine frederic vii. kku thirike nalkappedumenna pratheekshayode athinu pinthuna nedunnathil gondomerinte kazhivu shradhikkukayum cheythappol, rahasyathmakathaykkulla abhyarthanakalode addeham thante abhipraayangalkk munthookkam nalki.
thomas middlettante 1624leeii kalii "eiii geyim attu chess" spanish malsarathe chuttipattiyulla sambhavangale anukarichu. karutha kuthira prathinidheekarikkunna gondomeril ithu prathyekichum kadinamaayirunnu. naadakangal enthaayaalum sensor cheyyappedukayum, aanandangalude maasttar enna nilayil henry herbert athu prakadanatthinaayi pasakkukayum cheythu; 1624 augustil ithu oru hraswakaala "saxay dii scandell" aayirunnu. raajakudumbathile amgangale chithreekarikkunnathil kettukelviyillaattha naadakeeya swaathanthryangalil herbert goodaalochana nadathiyathaayi abhipraayappedunnu, ippol spanish virudha party aadhipathyam pulartthunna oru kodathiyil. spanish krameekaranangalulla kazhinja rund varshathe kalikalaaya middletoninteyum rouliyudeyum "dhii chancheling", thomas dekkarude "maachu mii inn lunden" ennivaykku malsarathinethire avare sajjamaakkunna readingukal nalkiyittundu, athu kooduthal rahasyamaayi.
speyinile chaals.
sainika oopshan nirasicha jaims pothujanabhipraayam avaganikkukayum elisabathinteyum fredericinteyum swathukkal punasthaapikkaanulla eaka pratheekshayaayi spanish malsarathilekku madangukayum cheythu. ennirunnaalum, 1621-ll speyinile philipp moonnaamante maranathode eee sthaanam maari. speyinile philipp naalaamante sthaanaarohanathode, vivaahathinte spanish vakthavaaya gondomerinu olivarasinte swaadheenam nashtappettu.
charchakal izhayaan thudangiyappol, ippol 22 vayassulla chaals rajakumaran buckingham eee samrambham pidichedukkaanum anjjaathavaasathilekku yaatra cheyyaanum nerittu sisunettathinaayi theerumaanichu. thomas, joonn smith ennee perukalil yaatra cheytha avar 1623 march 7 nuu (oo. ezz) philipp naalaamanteyum britiish ambasseder joonn digbyudeyum (1st Earl of Bristol) athbhuthathode madridilethi, raajakumaarante uddeshyangalekkurichu oru munnariyipum nalkiyittilla. maria anna oru katholikkanallatha vyakthiye vivaham kazhikkunnathil shakthamayi athirppullavalaanennum engleesh sainyathe yudhathil ninnu akattinirthunnathinaayi vivaha charchakal nadathunna spanish, james chals catholica virudha shiksha niyamangal raddaakkumennu prathijnjayedutthillengil atharam oru malsarathinu orikkalum sammathikkilla ennumulla pradhana vasthuthakalekkurichu chalsinum buckinghamin arivillaayirunnu.
madridile kodathiyil avare swaagatham cheythu. kottaaratthile sweekaranavum yathrayum ezhuthukaaranaaya andrez dii almanza vaii mendosa vivarichu. bedd chembarile manyanaaya richard winn, rajakumaaranodoppam cherunnathinayi porttsmoutthil ninnu "saahasikata" yill raajakudumbathile mattu amgangalkkoppam kappal kayari. yaathrayekkurichulla vinninte vivaranam spanish raajyavaasikaludeyum prabhukkanmaarudeyum vasthradhaaranavum yaathrayude budhimuttukalum anishchithathvangalum vivarikkunnu.
francis stuvartt duke oof buckingham, erl oof coventry ennee padavikal srishtichu pettant konduvannu "sent jorjil" kaastililekku kappal kayari. chaals rajakumaran vendi addeham oru paazhsal aabharanangalum konduvannu, avayil palathum denmarkile aan svanthamaayirunnu. ithil ulppedunnu; mask "tethys utsavam" samayat henry rajakumaran nalkia aabharana vaal; "porchugal vajram"; "kobam muthu"; aabharanamulla thala vasthrangal; vajra thavalayum thalayil oru maanikyavum gadippicha mothiram.
oru rahasya udambadi oppuvachenkilum rajakumaran rajakumaran octoberil infaantayillaathe englandilekku madangi. santandarilekkulla yaathraamadhye avar ell escorial, walsine kottaram, segovia alcasser, valladolid, palencia, fromista enniva sandarshichu. britiish janathayile chila vibhagangal thuranna santhosham prakadippichu.
swakaarya kaunsil.
1617 muthal malsarathinulla charchakal privy kaunsil kaikaaryam cheythirunnu. vaasthavathil spanish athiraalikalumaayi rahasyathmaka edapaadukal aavasyamaanennu kanakkakkappedukayum aaa kaaranathaal kaunsilinte oru upasamithi roopeekarikkukayum cheythu; ithu pinneedu videshanayathekkurichulla charchakalkku oru vaahanamaayi maarukayum adutha bharanakalam vare nilanilkkukayum cheythu. 1624 januvariyil nadanna spanish nibandhanakal nirasikkunnathinulla privy kaunsilil nadanna votteduppaayirunnu spanish malsarathekkurichulla avasana vaakk.
anantharafalangal.
speyinile avarude perumaattatthe abhimukheekaricha chals buckingham ippol jayimsinte spanish nayathe thalayil aakki avar oru franch malsarathinum habsburg spanish saamraajyathinethire oru yudhathinum ahvaanam cheythu. aavashyamaaya dhanasahayam samaharikkunnathinaayi, mattoru paarlament vilikkaan avar jayimsine nirbandhichu, athu 1624 februvariyil yogam chernnu. orikkal, komansil catholica virudha vikaaram prathidhvanichu, avide nayatthinte niyanthranam jayimsil ninnu chaalsilekkum buckinghamilekkum maari, yuddham prakhyapikkaan raajaavine sammarddathilaakkukayum chelavukalude adisthaanathil eee ashayathe ethirthappol loard treasurer, lionel cranfield, 1st erl oof middlesexinte impeachmentum thadavum earppeduthukayum cheythu.
loard bristtol, poornnamaayum kuttamattavanaanengilum, malsarathinte paraajayathinu balikazhiyaayi mattappettu addehathe apamaanathode thirichuvilikkukayum addehathinte estettukalil thudaraan utharavidukayum pinneedu lunden gopuratthil kurachukaalam thadavilaakkukayum cheythu. angane chaals thante ettavum prathibhadhanan vishwasthanumaaya oru pothusevakane ethirthu, engleesh aabhyantharayudham pottippurappedunnathu avar poornnamaayum anurajanam nadathiyittilla.
1624 leeii paarlamentinte phalam avyakthamaayirunnu jaims appozhum yuddham prakhyapikkaan visammathichuvenkilum, swantham bharanakaalathu paarlamentumaayulla thante prashnangalkk kaaranamakunna oru nilapaadaaya speyininethiraaya yudhathinu dhanasahayam nalkaan koomans svayam prathijnjaabadharaanennu chaals vishwasichu. chaals oduvil fraansile hentieta maria vivaham kazhichu.
aabharanangalude sammanangal.
engleesh rajakeeya shekharathil ninnulla vividha aabharanangal sammaanamaayi nalkunnathinaayi chaalsinu nalkiyirunnu. speyinile thante makanu nalkunna eee sammaanathekkurich jaims rajaavu upadesham ayachu. chaals spanish kottaarathinu vidavaangal nalkiyappol, addehathinte sammanangalil ulppedunnu; rajaavinu vajrangalulla oru vaal; raajnikku rund valia vajrangalum beane pole valia vajrangal ulppedeyulla oru jodi kammalikalum; infaantaykku 250 muthukalude oru charadu; cardinalilekku, toppaasukal, vajrangal, muthukal ennivayude oru pectoral; oleevarukalude kaundu-duke gaspar dii guzman; prashasthamaaya laa peregrina muthinu pakaramaayi pendant muthukal upayogichu "porchugal vajram"; oleevarukalude kaundasinu oru vajra cross; avalude makalkku, lady maria guzman, oru mothiram; oronninum naalu aabharanangal; raajaavinte swarnna mothirangal, raajaavinte swarnna mothirangal, raajaavinte swarnna mothirangal, raajaavinte swarnna mothirangal, raajaavinte swarnna mothirangal, raajaavinte swarnna mothirangukal, raajaavinte swarnna mothirangal, raajaavinte swa
janapriya fictionil.
arturo perez-reverte ezhuthiya "ell kaapittan alaatrist" (1996) enna novalinteyum athinte chalachithraavishkaarathinu pashchaathalamaanu prins chaalsinte sandarshanam.
2011ll sophiya instittyoott pras charitraparamaaya sambhavangale adisthaanamaakki "spanish malsaram" enna peril oru noval puratthirakki."