
russiayile budhamatham

charitraparamaayi, pathinezhaam noottaandinte thudakkathil budhamatham cyberiayil ulppeduthi. russiayude parambaraagatha mathangalilonnayi kanakkaakkappedunna budhamatham niyamaparamaayi russian charitra paithrukathinte bhagamaanu. charitraparamaaya sanyasi paarambaryangalaaya bargeshya, thuva, kalmikiya (europile eaka budhamatha bhooripaksha republic) ennivaykku purame, budhamatham ippol rashyayiludaneelam vyaapichukondirikkuna, niravadhi vamseeya russian mathaparivarthanam nadatthi.
russiayile budhamathathinte pradhana roopam anoupachaarikamaayi "yello haatt" paarambaryam ennariyappedunna tibattan budhamathathinte jelukpa skoolaanu, mattu tibattan, tibattan ithara schoolukal nyoonapakshangalaanu. tibattan budhamatham mikkappozhum tibattumaayi bandhappettirikkunnavum, athu mangoliyayilekkum mangolia vazhi cyberiayilekkum vyaapichu, russiayude mattu bhaagangalilekku vyaapichu.
russiayile ettavum vadakke attathulla budhakshethramaanu sent peettezhsbargile daatsan gunchechoyini.
charithram.
aadhunika russiayude pradeshathu (kooduthal vyakthamaayi, kizhakkan eshyayodu ettavum aduthulla pradeshamaaya cyberia) budhamathathinte nilanilppinte aadya thelivu eiii. dii ettaam noottaandil ninnullathaanu, ithu innathe primoryudeyum amurinteyum bhagam <aii. dii. 1> ll kaivashappedutthiya balhe samsthaanavumaayi bandhappettirikkunnu. ayalrajyangalaaya chaina, korea, manchuria ennivayaal valareyadhikam swaadheenikkappettirunna mohe janatha mahayana budhamathathinte oru roopam aacharichu. ithu thudakkathil russiayile bhoomishaasthraparamaayo saamskaarikamaayo mangoliyayodu (mangolian steppi ennariyappedunna pradesham) chernnullatho mangolian vamseeya vibhagangal vasikkunnatho aaya russiayile ghadaka pradeshangalilekku vyaapichu buregeshya, sabaykalsky krai, thuva, kalmikiya. ivayil avasaanatheth europile eaka budhamatha mekhalayaayirunnu, ithu cocusasinu vadakku sthithicheyyunnu.
budhamathavumaayulla russian ettumuttal.
budhamathavumaayum budhamathavumaayumulla aadyakaala ettumuttalukal muthal, russiacarkku vishwaasathekkurichum avarude anuyaayikalekkurichum pradhaanamaayum nishedhaathmakamaaya abhipraayangalundaayirunnu. yaadhaasthithika mathethara russiakkaarum kristhyaanikalum budhamathathe pathivayi vimarsikkukayum cyberiayude kristheeyavalkkaranathinum rashyanvalkkaranathinum oru thadassamaayi kaanukayum cheythu. budhamathathe russian chinthakar andhavishwaasavum ennaal yuktisahavum shaasthreeyavumaaya lokaveekshanathinu vipareethamaaya oru purogamana mathamaayi kandu. rashyakkaarekkurichulla budhamatha kaazhchappaadukal academic lokathekkaal kooduthal roopappeduthiyathu kristhyan missionarymaarudeyum bhoumaraashtreeyathinteyum vivaadangalaanu.
cyberia pidichadakkiya samayat kosaakkukal aadyamaayi budhamathathe (tibattan roopathil) nerittappol, avar budhamathathe purajaatheeyathayude oru roopamaayi visheshippichu. aadyakaala russian paryavekshakarum kristhyan missionarymaarum tibattan budhamathathe samanamaaya mattu labelukalkkidayil oru "andhavishwaasam", "vyaja vishwaasam" allengil "vigraharadhana" ennaanu visheshippichathu. russian kristhyan saahityam budhakshethrangaleyo ashramangaleyo purajaatheeya aaraadhanaalayangalaayi pathivayi paraamarsikkunnu. budhamatha mathaparamaya sevanangale manthravaadam, chathuppunilangal allengil "shamanik oorgikal" ennu apalapichu.
pathonpathaam noottaandilum irupathaam noottaandinte thudakkathilum russian gaveshakar tibattan budhamathathekkurichu padikkaan thudangi. ennirunnaalum, ooriyantalisavum pandithanmaarude pathiv kristhyan allengil missionary pashchaathalavum kaaranam, avarude kruthikal aadhunika kaalath academic aayi kanakkakkappedunnilla, akkaalathe pala pandithanmaarum budhamatham thakaraarullathaanennum avarude pakshapaathangal nadappilakkaan cheria paadangal upayogikkunnundennum anumaanikkunnu. pathonpathaam noottaandil padinjaaran europil budhamathapatanangalude varavode, budhamathathil aakarshakamaaya thathwashaasthravum charithravum adangiyirikkunnu enna ashayam russian samoohavum samaanamaayi thurannukaatti. ennirunnaalum, russian varenyavargakkaarum academic vidagtharum yadhaartha budhamathathe bhoothakaalathe mathamo srilanka polulla chila pradeshangalil nilanilkkunna mathamo aayi kandu. pathonpathaam noottaandilum irupathaam noottaandinte thudakkathilum cyberian budhamatham pinnokkaavasthayilaayi kaanapettu. pathonpathaam noottaandinte avasaanathilum irupathaam noottaandinte thudakkathilum russian samoohathinte chila bhagangal tibattan budhamathathekkurichu anukoolamaaya kaazhchappaadukal pularthaan thudangiyenkilum budhamathatthinte yooropyanvalkkaranathinum budhamathakkaare "nagarikavalkkarikkaanulla" shramathil avare kooduthal ulppeduthunnathinum vendi vaadikkunnu.
pathonpathaam noottaand muthal innuvare.
1887 aayappozhekkum 29 prasidheekarana sthaapanangalum niravadhi datsaanukalum undaayirunnu. 1917ll eee vamseeya pradeshangalil ekadesham 20,000 budhamathakkaarum 175 shethrangalum undaayirunnu.
soviyatt union nilavil vannappol, budhamatham ulppedeyulla ellah mathangaleyum "adichamarthalinte upakaranangalayi" kaanaan thudangi, adhikaarasthaanangalile budhamathakkaare prathikoolamaayi veekshichu. 1917 aayappozhekkum joseph staalin rajyath oru daatsaanukalum thurannittillenn urappaakkiyirunnu. mathatthinte abhavavum nagaravalkkaranavum uthppaadanathil vardhanavinu kaaranamaakumenn vishwasichathinaal yuu. ezz. ezz. aarr budhamathatheyum mattu mathangaleyum neekkam cheyyaan shramichu. 1929ll niravadhi ashramangal adachupoottukayum sanyasimar arast cheyyappedukayum naadukadatthappedukayum cheythu. 1930kalode, soviyatt unionile mattethoru mathasamoohathekkaalum kooduthal budhamathakkaar kashtappedukayaayirunnu, laamakale puratthaakkukayum "japanese chaaranmar" ennum "janangalude sathrukkal" ennum aaropikkukayum cheythu. 1943ll kalmikiyayude oru bhagam kaivashappeduthiyappol naasi germmaniyumaayi sahakarikkukayaanennu sarkkar samshayichathine thudarnnu ellah kalmikyanmareyum cyberiayilekku nirbandhithamaayi naadukadatthi. kalmikyan janasamkhyayude 40 sathamaanavum pravaasatthil marikkukayum athijeevichavarkku 1956 vare avarude maathrraajyathekku madangaan kazhiyaathe varikayum cheythu.
ennirunnaalum, sidenovinte anuyayiyum prashastha budhashaasthranjayum chinthakanumaaya beediya danderoninte shramangalude falamaayi budhamatham russiayil ninnu aprathyakshamaayilla. budhamatha padippikkalukaludeyum samakaalika paashchaathya thathwachinthayudeyum shaasthreeya sidhaanthangalude samyojanamaaya navaa-budhamatham enna ashayam avatharippichu nireeswaravaada rajyath budhamathathe punarujjeevippikkaan daandaron shramichu. oru mathasamooham srishtichathinu pinneedu arast cheyyappetta daandaron oduvil oru jayil campil vachu marichu. ennirunnaalum, 1990kalil russian budhamathathinte punarujjeevanathil addehathinte shishyanmar oru pradhana punk vahichu.
punarujjeevanam.
soviyatt yooniyante pathanathinushesham, president kirsan iliyamshinovinte thiranjeduppode kalmikiyayil oru budhamatha punarujjeevanam aarambhichu. ithu buregeshyayilum thuvayilum punarujeevippikkukayum mattu pradeshangalile rashyakkaarilekku vyapikkaan thudangukayum cheythu.
1992ll dalaay laama russiayile thuvayilekku aadyamaayi sandarshichu.
rashyayiludaneelam niravadhi tibattan buddha sarvakalashaala-ashramangal undu, avaa cyberiayil kendreekarichirikkunnu, daatsans ennariyappedunnu.
russian saamraajyathinte kaalath indiayilekkum mangoliyayilekkum yaatra cheytha prashastha russian indian shaasthranjanaaya fyodar sherbetskoy paashchaathyalokathu budhamathapatanathinu aditharayittathinte utharavaadithamullayaali palarum parakke kanakkaakkappedunnu.
ippol russiayil 700,000 muthal 15 dasalaksham vare budhamathakkaar undu, pradhaanamaayum republicukalaaya bargeshya, kalmikiya, thuva ennividangalil.
valia budhamatha janasamkhyayulla pradeshangal.
2012ll thuvayile motham janasamkhyayude 62 sathamaanavum kalmikiyayude 48 sathamaanavum baregeshyayude 20 sathamaanavum budhamathathilaayirunnu. budhamathathil vishwaasikal 6 sathamaanam, pradhaanamaayum vamseeya shavakudeerangalil, 0.50 muthal 0.9 sathamaanam vare tomsk oblaastilum yakuttiyayilum undu. russiayile mattu federal vishayangalil, sakhaalin oblaast, khabarovsk krai, amur oblaast, irkutsk oblaast, alttay, khaakasiya, novosibirsk oblaast, tomsk oblaast, tumen oblaast, orenberg oblaast, arkhaangelsk oblaast, marmansk oblaast, mosco, mosco oblaast, sent peettezhsburg, leningrad oblaast, kaliningrad oblaast ennividangalil 0.1 muthal 0.5 sathamaanam vare budhamatha samoohangale kandethaam. mosco, sent peettezhsburg, samara thudangiya nagarangalil janasamkhyayude oru sathamaanam vare budhamathakkaaraanu.

