nerittulla akathekkulla dial

europilum ooshyaaniyayilum direct dial-inn (ddi) ennum vilikkappedunna direct inward dialing (ded), oru swakaarya branch exchange (pbx) samvidaanam pravarthippikkunna varikkaarkk telephone kambanikal vaagdaanam cheiyunna oru telecommunication sevanamaanu. onno athiladhikamo analog allengil digital physical sarkyoottukaliloode onniladhikam telephone nambarukalkku eee savisheshatha sevanam nalkunnu, koodaathe dial cheytha telephone nambar pbxilake kaimarukayum angane oru pbx ekstenshan oru baahya collerk nerittu axus cheyyaavunnathaanu, orupakshe oru oottoo-attandant paas cheythukondu.
saadhaarana pazhaya telephone sevanam.
nerittulla inward dialing sevanathinaayi, telephone kambani upabhokthaavinte pbxilake kanakttucheyyunnathinaayi onno athiladhikamo trunk lineukal upabhokthaavin nalkukayum upabhokthaavin niravadhi telephone nambarukal anuvadikkukayum cheiyunnu. atharam nambarukalilekkulla kolukal trunk vazhi upabhokthaavinte pbxilake forwade cheiyunnu. pii. bii. ex.-lake kolukal avatharippikkumbol, dial cheytha telephone nambar munkootty krameekaricha, saadhaaranayaayi bhagika formet, udha.jii.avasaanathe naalu akkangal. oru oopparettarinteyo attandantinteyo aavasyamillaathe oorganaiseshanile oru telephone ekstanshanilekku kooll nerittu root cheyyaan pbx eee vivarangal upayogichekkaam. upabhokthaavinte sharashari oresamayathe upayogam thripthippeduthunnathinna parimithamaaya ennam physical telecommunication sarcuteukal maathram aavasyamulla niravadhi telephone nambarukalkku inbound telephone sevanam eee sevanam nalkunnu.
parambaraagathamaayi, sevanam analog sarcuteukal upayogichirunno? itharathilulla trankukalil upabhokthru parisara upakaranangal signalling baattari nalki. central oafees upakaranangal laininte nila kandethukayum surcuted pravartthikkunnillengil sevanam pravarthanarahithamaakkukayum cheiyunnu. central oafees signalling, toock baattari nalkunna saadhaarana playin ooldu telephone sarvees (pottukal) lainukalil ninnulla vipareeta krameekaranamaanith. innathe kaalath, primery rettu interface (prii) sarcutil sevanam nalkunnathu valare saadhaaranamaanu.
cheytha sevanathinulla trankukal ekadishayilullathum upabhokthaavin pii. bii. ex.-lake inbound cheiyunnathumaayavayaanu. ennirunnaalum, eee sevanam "direct outward dialing" (dooad) ennathumaayi samyojippichekkaam, ithu pbx extensionukalkku avarude telephone nambar thirichariyunnathinoppam direct outbound colling sheshi anuvadikkunnu.
germmaniyile dushe bundspostinte muun aii. keey. ezz sevanathe maathrkayaakki 1960-kalil american aikyanaadukalil eiii. tii. & tii. aanu eee savisheshatha vikasippichath.
phaaks sevanangalil upayogikkuka.
phaaks serverukalum sevanam upayogikkunnu. phaaks server software pravarthippikkunna oru computerinte telephone interfacil (phaaks modam) oru telephone line avasaanippikkunnu. phaaks sweekarthaavine thirichariyaan niyukta phoon nambarukalude oru koottam akkangal upayogikkunnu. oru phaaks mesheen maathrame labhyamaayittulloovenkilum ithu pala sweekarthaakkaleyum oru vyakthigatha phaaks nambar undaayirikkaan anuvadikkunnu.
chila voys ovar aipi (voy) wendermar avarude klayantukalkku internettu phaaks sevanam nalkunnathinulla oru maargamaayi oru central, vidooramaayi sthithicheyyunna phaaks server upayogichittundu. sidhaanthathil, tii. 38 polulla maanadandangal voypp varikkaare avarude nilavilulla phaaks upakaranangal praadeshikamaayi pravartthikkaan anuvadikkendathaayirunnu; praayogikamaayi, upstream provider tii. 38 neey pinthunaykkaathathum vishwasaneeyamaayi phaaks/modam traaphik ayaykkaano sweekarikkaano kazhiyathathumaaya gatewakelilekku ettavum kuranja chelavil ruting nadathukayaanenkil varikkaarude saittile tii. 38 oru aanukoolyavum nalkunnilla. oru kendrasthalathulla oru phaaks server, public switch cheytha telephone network (pii. ezz. tii. enn) tii-carrier primery rettu interface lainukalumaayi nerittu bandhippichirikkunnu, koodaathe uddeshicha vilasam thirichariyaan nerittulla invered dial upayogichu incoming faaksine oru electronic dokyumentaayi parivartthanam cheyyaan kazhiyum (udha.tiff allengil.pii. dii. eph) web allengil iii-meyil deliveric. dial-upp modam kooll enna nilayil phaaks traaphik orikkalum voypp infrastructureiloode kadannupokunnilla, athinaal nettvarkkile chila pooyintukalil tii. 38 shariyaayi pinthunaykkunnillengum vishwasaneeyamaayi athunnu.
voys ovar aipi.
voys ovar internettu protocol (voy) aashayavinimayangalkk sevanathinu samanamaaya prasakthiyundo? public switch cheytha telephone network (pii. ezz. tii. enn) upayokthaakkale voy. aii. pii phonukalulla upayokthaakkalilekku nerittu athicheraan anuvadikkunnathinu, oru ashayavinimaya gatewayilekku nambarukal nalkiyittundo? rund netvarkkukalkkidayil kolukal ruting cheyyukayum vivarthanam cheyyukayum cheiyunna gateway pii. ezz. tii. enn. neey voypu netvarkkilekku bandhippikkunnu.
vilppanakkaar.
onniladhikam malsaraadhishtitha praadeshika daathaakkalulla rajyangalil, oru malsaraadhishtitha praadeshika exchange carrieril (cleck) ninnu sevanangal bulkil vaangaan kazhiyumo?
voys ovar aipi resellermark, chila prathyeka klekkukal (praadeshika nambarukalkku) allengil inter exchange carrierukal (toll free nambarukalkku) ithinakam session inishyeshan protocol (sip) allengil saadhaarana voypp formaattukalilekku parivartthanam cheytha nerittulla inward dial kolukalude blokkukal nalkum. vyakthigatha voypp daataav vividha pradeshangalile voy-avabodhamulla carrierukalil ninnu praadeshika allengil freefon nambarukalude oru inventary maathram nedukayum avaa oru aipi pbxilake balkkayi irakkumathi cheyyukayum anthima upayokthaakkalkk vyakthigathamayi nalkukayum venam. anthaaraashtra daathaakkalil ninnu anthaaraashtra did nambarukal balkkayi vaangam.
yuke bhoomishaasthraparamaaya samkhyakal palappozhum soujanyamaayi nedaanum sippiloode avasaanippikkaanum kazhiyum. aipkaal polulla kachavadakkaaril ninnu prathimasa chaarjukalillathe (2016 ll nirthalaakkappettu) chila yuu. ezz. dii. oo. kall labhyamaan, ennaal vilayeriyathum grameenavumaaya chila sthalangalilekku vilikkunnayal oru kooll nalkunnathinte chelavil.
bhooribhaagam kachavadakkaarum prathimasam oru nambarinu naamamaathramaaya thuka eedaakkunnu (cheria alavil prathimasam $1 vare) thudarnnu minittil allengil oresamayam upayogikkaavunna niravadhi chanalukalkk bill eedaakkunnu. vilikkunnayaalkk, eee nambarukal oru praadeshika kooll aaya sthalangalilekku nalkaam.
nerittulla puram dialing.
oru pbxil ninnu central oafees ekschenchilekkulla outgoing kolukalkkaayi cheiyunna anubandha sevanathe "direct outward dialing" (dooad) allengil "direct dial central oafees" (ddco) ennu vilikkunnu. eee sevanam palappozhum dude sevanavumaayi samyojippikkukayum oru oopparettarude sahayamillaathe sevanathinte ellah vipuleekaranangaliloodeyum aagola telephone nambarukal nerittu dial cheyyaan anuvadikkukayum cheiyunnu. outgoing kolukalkkulla ekstenshanukalude collar line identification (klii) allengil "collar-aidi" palappozhum ekstenshan did nambarilekku sajjeekarichirikkunnu, pakshe ithu oorganaiseshante central switch board nambaraayirikkaam.

