
uman koottakkola

1768ll haidaamakkukal juthanmaar, dhruvangal, ukraine uniyettukal ennivare koottakkola cheythathaayirunnu human koottakkola allengil uman koottakkola (;). poolish-lithwanian komanveltthinte vidoora kizhakkan bhaagathulla uman pattanathilaanu kolapathakangal nadannathu.
baar konfedareshanil chernna uman govarnor rafal mladanoviksinte neethrthwathil baar konfedareshan sainikarude oru valia gaarsan undaayirunna oru nalla kottayulla pattanamaayirunnu uman. eee vastutha oomaane koliyivschaina prasthaanatthinte praadhamika lakshyangalil onnaayi maatti, orupakshe russian udyogasthar polum oomaane uparodhikkunnath munkootty aasoothranam cheythathaakaam. uman kaundu francissec seylisi pottokkiyude (gaarhika kosaakkukal kondu nirmmicha) udamayude swakaarya milishyayile udyogasthanaaya ivaan gonda praadeshika jootha samoohathil ninnulla chilar uparodhathin moonnu maasam munbum kalaapathin valare munbum hydaamaakayumaayi bandhamundennu aaropichirunnu. ennirunnaalum, sakthamaaya thelivukalude abhavavum oru thaarasaakshiyude pettennulla maranavum kaaranam aupachaarika kuttangalonnum chumathapettilla. ivaan gonda thante 100 anga yoonittinte mathramalla, ellah uman kosakkukaludeyum kamaandaraayirunnuvenkilum, avarkkidayil ettavum muthirnnayaalalla, baar konfedareshane pinthunaykkaattha umante udamayude prathinidhiyaayirunnu. baar konfedareshanil chernnu nagaram athinu vittukoduthu udamaye vanchicha mladanovichinteyum mattullavarudeyum utharavukal nyaayeekarikkan addehathinte pankaalittham aavashyamaayirunnu. umaante uparodhathil udamayude utharavanusarichu gonda enthengilum pradhana dauthyam nadathukayaanenkil gonda oru poolish prabhuvum graamangalude udamayumaayi maarumennu gondaik udama ayacha kathukalil ninnu prabhukkanmaar padichu.
1768 juun aadyam maxim salisniyaakkinte neethrthwathil ukreniyan vimathar cherkasi, korsun, canive enniva pidicheduttha sesham umante nere march cheythu. joothanmaareyum dhruvangaleyum yaadhaasthithika vishwaasathilekku parivartthanam cheythathinushesham, dhruvangal, juthanmaar, romakkar enniva ozhikeyulla vividha deseeya nyoonapakshangale avarude vishwaasam kanakkiledukkathe vadhikkan salisniac parasyamaayi prothsaahippichathinaal, joothanmaareyum dhruvangaleyum yaadhaasthithika vishwaasathilekku parivartthanam cheythathinushesham, nagaram abhayaarthikale kondu niranjirunnu. poolish prabhukkanmaarum avarude swakaarya sainyavum saadhaarana sainikarum jootha abhayaarthikalum niranja oru valia camp nagara mathilukalkk purathu sthaapichu. baar konfedareshan sainikarude ennam muthirnna vimatharude sainyathekkaal kooduthalaayathinaal chila senakal kothalangal samrakshikkanamennu theerumaanichu, athesamayam gonda addehathinte cosac yoonittum mattu ellah uman gaarhika kosaakkukalum oru thuranna yudhathil hydaamakanmaare neridum. ennirunnaalum, gonda salisniyaakkinte unitukale kandumuttiyappol thaan koliyavschainayil cheraan pookunnuvennu gonda parasyamaayi prakhyaapichu. kathayude aadhikaarikatha valare tharkkavishayamaanenkilum rund gaarhika cosac rejimentukalude aupachaarika commandermaare gonda umante aduthekku thirichayachathaayi chila srothassukal avakaashappedunnu.
juun 14nuu ikyasainyam camp thakarkkukayum gondayude kudumba kosaakkukalude purakil vimathare marachuvechu praakaarangalilekku nuzhanjukayaraan sramikkukayum cheythu. ennirunnaalum, sramam parajayappettu, athinaal juun 17 nuu uparodham aarambhichu. aadya divasam thanne dhaaraalam ukreniyakkaar poolish senayude nira upekshichu nagaram valanjappol vimatharkoppam chernnu. ennaal praadeshika kizhakkan catholica seminariyile vidyaarthikal ulppede bhooribhaagam ukrainiyakkaarum mladanovichinodu vishwasthatha pulartthukayum nagaratthinte prathirodhatthil pankedukkukayum cheythu.
moonnu divasathe uparodhathinusesham, juthanmaarum sajeevamaaya punk vahicha dheeramaaya prathirodham undaayirunnittum nagaram salisniyaakkinte adeenathayilaayi. theruvukalile yudhangalkku nagaram thayyaaraayirunnuvenkilum, mlaadanovichum mattu praadeshika baar konfedareshan nethaakkalum, polandile rajaavaaya umante udamayeyum audyogika adikaarikaleyum gonda prathinidheekarikkunnuvennu athu avan nadappilaakkunna udamayude ishtamaanennum karuthi chila gonda kosaakkukal nagaratthilekku nuzhanjukayariyathinu sesham saalisniyakkinulla kavaadangal thurannu. vaasthavathil salisniakkalla, marichu oru russian udyogasthanaayirikkanam nethaavaakendathu, ennaal eee udyogasthan kalaapathin thottumunbu marikkukayum ellah dukkaattukalum sainika padhathikalum oru sathyasandhanaaya yaadhaasthithika sanyaasiyenna nilayilum eee russian udyogasthante maranasamayathu sannihithanaya muun saporolean kosakkayum salisnakkinu nalkukayum cheythu. nagaram pidichedutthathinushesham, ellah nivaasikalum niraayudharaayi, uman udamayude uman veenju vimathar akramasakthavum raktharookshithavumaaya koottakkolaykk vidheyamaakki (avide mladanovics ulppede niravadhi prabhukkanmaar kollappettu, ennaal gonda avarude godfather aayathinal addehathinte makalum makan rakshapettu). munbu vimatha juthanmaar niraayudharaayavar sinagogukalil othukoodi, avide svayam prathirodhikkanulla shramathil leab shargorodsky moses menekar avare nayichu, pakshe avare peeranki vedivayppilum kathiyilum nashippichu. nagaratthile bakkiyulla joothanmaaril bhooribhaagavum pinneedu kollappettu. koottakkolayude moonnu divasathinu sesham athijeevicha jootha, thuruva kuttikaleyum gonda rakshichu. 33, 000 perr kollappettathaayum avare rakshikkaan kazhiyillennum gonda prakhyaapichu, athu thante kuttamaan. munkaala kanakkukal prakaram koottakkola cheyyappetta thoonukaludeyum joothanmaarudeyum ennam 20,000 aayirunnu. vichaaranakkaalath svayam-ulcherkkalinaayi gonda nalkia kanakk 33,000 aayirunnu. aadhunika charithralekhanam eee samkhyakale athishayokthiparamaayi kanakkakkunnu, "uman koottakolayil" kollapetta thoonukaludeyum joothanmaarudeyum ennam ippol sii. iii. aayi kanakkakkunnu. 2, 000, mattu irakal ukrainiyakkareyum nyoonapakshangaleyum prathinidheekarikkunnu.

