semi

pakuthi ennartham varunna semi, pakuthi ennartham varunna oru cheria roman venkala naanayamayirunnu. roman republicinte kaalath, semisine oru 'ezz' (semi soochippikkunnu) allengil 6 dottukal (6 yunsiyayude saidhaanthika bharam soochippikkunnu) kondu verthirichirunnu. chila nanayangalil munvashath shanigrahathinte prathimayum pinvashathu kappalinte oru padavum undaayirunnu.
thudakkathil oru kaast nanayam, mattu roman republican venkala naanayangaleppole, bii. sii. randaam punic yudhathinu thottumunbu athu chathuvaan thudangi. 
bii. sii. sii augustan naanayaparishkaarangaletthudar oru chembu kwaadraanukalude eratti moolyavum chembinte pakuthi moolyavumulla semi ettavum cheria orichaalkkam (pichala) moolyamaayi maari. athinte valipavum vyaasavum kwaadraanukalumaayi nerittu poruthappedunnu, athinaal chembinte eratti moolyamulla pichalayil ninnaan athinte moolyam nediyathu. nanayam apoorvamaayi purathirangukayum hadrian <aii. dii. 1> edii. yude kaalathode athu purathirangunnathu avasanippikkukayum cheythu.
aadyakaala saamraajyathva kaalaghattatthil, oru semic oru sere (mezhuk ezhuthu tablet) vaangaan kazhiyumaayirunnu.

