colorado indhanavum irumbum

1892ll muun bisinesses thaalpparyangalude layanathiloode sthaapithamaaya oru valia urukk kambaniyaayirunnu colarado fueval aandu ayann kambani (sii. eph & aii). 1903 aayappozhekkum ithu pradhaanamaayum joonn dii. yude udamasthathayilullathum niyanthrikkunnathumaayirnu. rockfellerinteyum jayy gauldinteyum saambathika anantharaavakaashikal. raajyathudaneelamulla niravadhi plaantukale niyantrikkaan vannappol, colladoyile puebloyude thekk bhaagathulla oru steel millaayirunnu athinte pradhana plaant, charithratthinte bhooribhaagavum nagaratthinte pradhana vyavasaayamaayirunnu. 1901 muthal 1912 vare, collado indhanavum irumbum dau johns vyavasaayangalilonnaan. vyavasaayangalilonnaan urukk vipani thakarcha kambaniyude thakarchaykku kaaranamaayi. niravadhi paapparathangaliloode kadannupoya sesham, 1993 ll origon steel millukal kambani ettedukkukayum athinte peru rockie moundan steel millukal ennu maattukayum cheythu. 2007 januvariyil, rockie moundan steel millukalum origon steelinte backie holdingukalum russian steel korppareshanaaya evras group 2.3 bilyan dollarinu etteduthu.
lambamaya samyojana prakriyayiloode, kambani pradhana urukk plaant mathramalla kooduthal swanthamaakki. oru noottaandinide, sii. eph & aii thekkan kolaadoyiludaneelam kalkari khanikal, athupole thanne vyomingileyum udayileyum irumbu khanikal, chunnaambukallu kwaarikal, urukk nirmmaana prakriyayilekku pookunna mattu vasthukkalkkulla cheria khanikal, collado, vyoming railway enniva pravarthippichu. colladoyile redstonil noorukanakkinu cocking ovanukal kalkary kokkaayi maatti.
colladoyile walsenberg pradeshathu sthithi cheiyunna mcnelly, cameron, robinson, vaalsan khanikal collado fueval aandu ayann kambaniyude udamasthathayilulla chila khanikal mathramaayirunnu.
collado supply kambani storum cf & aiyude udamasthathayilullathum pravarthippikkunnathum. iii ulppede raajyathudaneelamulla niravadhi choolakale niyantrikkaanum avar vannu. jii. pensylvaniayile birdsboroyile aruvi.
sthaapanavum aadyakaala charithravum.
aadyathethu, randaam lokamahaayudham vare maathram, sent. general vilyam jaaksan palmerinteyum doow. vilyam ebraham bell. railwaykaayi reyilukal nirmmikkuka ennathaayirunnu ithinte bhagika lakshyam. praadeshika vibhavangalil arkansas nadiyil ninnulla vellam, trinidadil ninnulla kalkari, puebloic kurachu mile thekk ninnulla chunnaambukallu, dii & aarji nalkunna reyil gathaagathathodukoodiya saan luis thaazhvarayil ninnulla irumbayiru enniva ulppedunnu. spodanaathmaka choolakalum bessemer prakriya upayogichu nirmmaanam 1881 epril 12 nuu aarambhichu. reyilukal, pigg irumbu, irumbu, urukk baarukal, plettukal, muricha nakhangalum spikkukalum enniva uthppannangalil ulppedunnu.
general vilyam jeey sthaapicha central colorado improvement kambaniyude padhathikalilonnaanu yadhaartha urukk nirmmanangal. 1872ll collado pradeshathe bhoomi, daathukkalude neeruravakal, kalkari, irumbu, mattu khanikal, kwaarikal enniva vaangaanum kolanikal, pattanangal, kalkari khananam, irumbu nirmmaanam, nirmmaana pravartthanangal enniva sthaapikkaanum nirmmikkanum kanaalukalum vaagan roadukalum nirmmikkanum padhathiyidunnu."1880 februvariyil aadyathe spotana choolayude adithara khananam cheythukondu, pinneedu southu pueblo aayi maariyathin thekkulla oru prairyil, urukk nirmmaathaavinte yadhaartha peril colorado kalkari, urukk varkkukal enna peril millinte pravartthanam aarambhichu. thudakkathil tailorville ennum pinneedu steel varkkukal ennum vilikkappettirunna eee panikk sameepam oru thaalkkaalika veedukalude parisaram roopappettu, pinneedu kooduthal sthiramaaya veedukal nirmmichathode 1881-ll bessemer aayi. 1881-82-leeii millinte prarambha sheshi aadyathe spotana choolayil ninnu prathivarsham aayirunnu, randaamathe choola nirmmikkappedumbol, millu 300-400 upayogichu. aadyathe steel reyilukal 1882 eprilil denverinum rioo grand reyilrodinte silvartan shaakhaykkum vendi nirmikkappettu.
kizhakkan millukalil ninnulla kadutha malsaram kaaranam urukk vipani mandagathiyilaayirunnu, koodaathe mill palappozhum nishkriyamaayirunnu. trinidadinum mattullava kaanon sitti, walsenberg, crested butt ennivaykkum sameepam kookk, kalkari ennivayude ulppaadanathilekku kambani thirinju. trinidadinu vadakkulla ell moroyilum crested batteyilumaanu kookk ovanukal nirmmichathu.
1890 kalude thudakkathil, indhanathinte aavasyam kurayukayum chikkago, burlington, kwinsey railroad (sibi & kyu) ennivayumaayi adutha bandhamullathum kalkari nalkunnathumaaya collado indhana kambaniyil ninnu kambani kadutha malsaram neridukayum cheythu. joonn sii. ayowa, colorado ennividangalil ninnulla mattu nikshepakarumaayi chernnu ayowa group 1883 ll colorado indhana kambani sthaapikkukayum nilavilulla soukaryangal vaangi laas aanimasilum garfield kaundikalilum ganyamaaya kalkari shekharam nedukayum cheythu. garfield, hurfano, laas animas, pitkin kaundikal ennividangalilaanu mattu swathukkal etteduthathu. oosgudinte munkaiyil 1892ll eee rund kambanikalum layippichu ayowa groupile amgangalumaayi colorado indhanavum irumbum roopeekarichu.
roopeekarichu 1880kaludeyum pathittaandukalil kadutha malsaravum malsaravum paribhraanthiyude phalangalum kaaranam palappozhum nishkriyamaayirunna puebloyile steel mill cheruthum kaalaharanappettathumaayirunnu. saambathika saahacharyangal kaaranam 1899ll ganyamaaya mechappeduthalukal undaakunnathuvare ithu naveekarikkaan kazhinjilla. oru rolling mill, adhika spodanaathmaka choolakal, oru aadhunika bessemer kanverttar, ooppan herth choolakal, oru vayar mill, supporting soukaryangal enniva ulppedunnu. 1901ll milline minikwa varks ennu punarnaamakaranam cheythu.
irumbayiru.
salidaykku vadakkulla kaalumett khaniyil ninnulla hemattait, colorado, villa grovinu kizhakkulla sangre dii kristoo renchinte padinjaaran charivile ooriyantad khaniyil ninnulla limonite, ledvilleyile velli khananathinte upolppannamaaya irumbu, magneeshyam sambannamaaya ayiru ennivayaayirunnu irumbayiru. nyoo meksikkoyil ninnum yomingle ninnum adhika irumbayiru labikkukayum yoottayil ninnu sambharicha irumbayiru shekharikkukayum cheythu. ooriyant, kaalumett thudangiya otappetta soukaryangalilaanu kambani tounukal nirmmichathu. kaalyoomettil ninnulla aazhathilulla ayirukalil kooduthal alavil silikkan adangiyirunnu, ithu irumbu nirmmaana prakriya thadassappeduthi. 1899ll kaalumett adachupoottukayum 1898ll kambani paattatthinu nalkia cheyenneyil ninnu 100 mile vadakkaayi hartvilleykaduthu sooryodaya khaniyilekku uthppaadanam maattukayum cheythu. ayiru kondupokunnathinaayi collado, vyoming railway kambani anubandha sthaapanamaayi samghadippikkappettu. 1905ll ooriyant upekshikkappettuvenkum 1922ll veendum thurakkunnathuvare kararukar chila ayiru khananam cheyyukayum kambanikku vilkkukayum cheythu, ennaal aavasyam kuranjathinaal mahaamaandyathinte thudakkathil ithu sthiramaayi adachu.
1899ll vyomingile sooryodaya khaniyil aarambhicha uthppaadanam thudakkathil tunninu 15 sent chelavil thuranna kuzhikaliloodeyaayirunnu. 1900 aayappozhekkum prathidina uthppaadanam 2,000 tannaayirunnu. 1904ll eee vasthu vaangal poortthiyaayi. puebloyile naveekaricha minakwa varkkukalil ayiru shaamam thudarnnu, nyoo meksikkoyile graant kaundiyile feroic hanoverinum sameepamulla 86 jiim fair, union khanikalil ninnu kurachu ayiru labhichu. uttayile ayann kaundiyile devadaaru nagarathinu sameepam ganyamaaya karuthal shekharangal vaangiyirunnuvenkilum khananam cheyyappedaathe thudarnnu.
chunnaambukallu.
puebloic eathaanum mile thekk sent passenture lainil oru kwaariyil ninnaan chunnaambukallu aadyam labhichathu. chaals nadhiyum pinneedu howardinu sameepamulla chunnaambukallukaludeyum dolomitinteyum uyarnna grade kuranja phoosphoorus nikshepathil ninnu.
kalkary kokkum.
1903ll laas animas, hurfano, fremond, gannisan, garfield, pitkin kaundi ennividangalile 23 khanikal ulla paarakkettukalulla parvathapradeshathe ettavum valia kalkari ulppaadakar sii. eph. aandu aii aayirunnu, colladoyil khananam cheiyunna kalkariyude 53 sathamaanavum athinte 9 cocking plaantukal athinte kokkinte 89 sathamaanavum uthppaadippikkunnu. boyilarukalilum lokomotteevukalilum upayogikkunnathinulla neeravi kalkari hurfano jillayilum kaanon jillayil hoome heatinginaayi kalkari, crested buttle anthraasaitt enniva nirmmichu. vilayeriya lohangal urukal vyavasaayathinte kokkinte aavasyam kuranju, kaaranam 1893 leeii paribhranthi aadyathe velli ulppaadanathe baadikkukayum pinneedu irupathaam noottaandinte aadya dashakathil swarnna uthppaadanam kurayukayum valia alavil kookk aavashyamillaatha shudheekarana saankethikavidyakal upayogikkukayum cheythu. eee pradeshathu pravartthikkunna valia chembu urukal kambanikal, felps dodge american smelting aandu refining kambaniyum, nyoo meksikkoyile coalfax kaundiyilum cocadel, coloradoyilum avarude swantham kalkari khanikalil nikshepam nadatthi.
vidyaabhyaasam.
1901-ll, kooduthalum kudiyetta thozhilaallikalulla raajyathe kaikaaryam cheyyaanulla shramathil, sii. eph & aii. saamoohyashaasthra vibhaagam roopeekarichu. thozhilaallikaludeyum avarude kudumbangaludeyum jeevitam mechappeduthuka, avarude raashtreeyavum saambathikavumaaya kaazhchappaadukal roopappeduthuka ennivayaayirunnu avarude pradhana shradha. saamoohyashaasthra vibhaagam khanithozhilaalikale ratri skooliloode engleesh padippikkaan thudangi. saamoohika vakupp paatyapadhathi niyanthrikkukayum khanithozhilaalikalude kuttikale ulppeduthukayum cheythukondu vidyaabhyaasathinulla maanadandangal nischayikkaan thudangi.
kudiyettakkaaraaya kuttikale mikacha pouranmaaraakaan sahayikkunnathinulla ettavum nalla maarggam kindergartenanennu richard corvin ashayavumaayi vannu. kindergarten paripaadiyiloode, kuttikale engleesh bhaaviyile nalla jeevanakkaare akkamenna pratheekshayil vyaavasaayika thozhilaallikalude praadhaanyavum padippichu.
1914-nte avasana pakuthiyil kambanikku pinthuna prolsaahippikkunnathi bahumukha shramangalude bhaagamaayi primero ulppede niravadhi schoolukal nirmikkappettu.
bhoomi.
1900-ll, kalkariyude uyarnna aavasyam munkootty kandukond, laas animas kaundiyile trinidadinu sameepamulla maxwell land graantinte collado bhaagatthinte vipulavum kalkari sambannavumaaya bhoomi athinte anubandha sthaapanamaaya paarakkettukalulla kalkari, irumbu kambani vazhi vaangi. eee vaangalinethudarnnu vaangalinethudarnnu 1901lum collado aandu vyoming railway kambani trinidadinu padinjaaru khanikal, cocking plaantukal, railway kanakshanukal enniva nirmmikkukayum doow. richard dablyu. sii. eph & aii. yude cheef sarjan corvin.
irupathaam noottaand.
1982 vare eee soukaryam niravadhi spotana choolakal pravarthippichirunnu. 1989 ll pradhana spotana choola gadanakal thakarkkapettu, ennaal aasbattosinte alavu kaaranam aduthulla pala stouvukalum support kettidangalum ippozhum avasheshikkunnu. plaantinte padinjaaran athirthikku samaantharamaayi pravartthikkunna antharsamsthaana 25 ll ninnu chila choolakalude stouvum aditharayum eluppathil kaanaan kazhiyum.
gold aandu rockfeller yugam.
1902-ll, panamozhukkinte prasnangal neritta oosgud denverinteyum rioo grandeyudeyum pradhana ohari udamayaaya jorjju jayy gauldilekku vaaypaykkaayi thiranju. rockfellerude saambathika upadeshtaavaaya frederic tailor gates vazhi gauldu joonn dii. yeei konduvannu. saadhaarana enna kuthakayude srashtaavaaya rockfeller vaaypaykku dhanasahayam nalkaan sahayikkunnu. kambaniyude pravarthanangalekkurichu joonn dii. vishakalanam cheythu. rockfeller juuniyar. colarado, vyoming railway kambani, kristtal rivar railway kambani, orupakshe paarakkettukalulla kalkari, irumbu kambani thudangiya cf & aiyude anubandha sthaapanangal ettedukkunnathinu pakaramaayi nalkia ganyamaaya kooduthal fandukalude aavasyakatha kaanichu. 1903ll ayowa groupil ninnu gold, rockfeller thaalpparyangalilekk niyanthranam kaimari, gold niyanthranatthilum rockfeller gettukalum nyoonapaksha thaalpparyangale prathinidheekarikkunnu. 1904ll oosgud kambani vidukayum malsaraadhishtitha kalkari, kookk pravarthanangalkkaayi thante sramangal samarppikkukayum cheythu.
parichayasambannanaaya maanejar, frank jeey. naashanal tube kambaniyude viramicha presidentum yuu. yude mungaamikalil oralumaaya heerne.ezz. 1903 septambaril enterprise kaikaaryam cheiyunnathinaayi urukk konduvannu. 1904-ll sthaapanathinteyum athinte anubandha sthaapanangaludeyum asthikal collado industrial kambaniyaayi ekeekarichu, athinte stokku poornnamaayum cf & aiyude ohari udamakalude udamasthathayilaayirunnu, pradhaanamaayum gauldu, rockfeller. ithu sthaapanathinte ellah swathukkalum orotta maanejmentinu keezhil konduvannu. motha vilppana ganyamaayi vardhichuvenkilum kizhakkan uthppannangalil ninnulla malsaram kaaranam vardhichuvarunna labham asaadhyamaanennu thelinju. 1907ll 23.8 dasalaksham dollar vilppanayiloode labhicha varumanam 1907ll 17 laksham dolaraayirunnu.
1903 novemberil yunaittad mine thozhilaallikal walsenberghin trinidadinum sameepamulla kalkari khanikalil akramanam nadatthi. 11 maasam neenduninna panimudakku oru nettavum undaakkukayum khanithozhilaalikalude manoveeryam illaathaakkukayum cheythu, strike brakerukal upayogichu shakthamayi pooraadukayum urukk uthppaadanam kuraykkukayum cheythu. kambaniyude upabhokthaakkalkk vilkkunnathinaayi kalkari saadhanasaamagrikal nilanirthaan kambanikku kazhinju, angane kalkari shaamam kaaranam samsthaana edapedal thadanju.
panimudakkinetthudarnnu arkansas nadiyile jalavakaasham vaangunnathum ledvilleik padinjaaru panchasaara loaf anakkett ulla sthalathulla oru reservoir ulppede millilekku ganyamaaya nikshepam nadatthi. munbu millu ezz. tii. yude apoorvavum variabilumaaya ozhukkine aashrayichirunnu. chaals nadhi, minakwa thadaakathil vellam sambharikkunnu.
1907ll harneyude pingamiyaayi manejaraayi gauldum sakhyakakshikalum thiranjeduttha jessy floyd velbonil rockfellerude saambathika upadeshtaavaaya gatesinu athra aathmavishwaasam undaayirunnilla. velbon oru clerkil ninnu kambanikkullil uyarnnuvarikayum pravartthanam nannayi ariyukayum kambaniyude jeevanakkaarude aathmavishwaasam undaayirikkukayum cheythu. cheythu paribhranthi moolam gauldinu kadutha saambathika nashtam nerittappol addehathinu fundinte aavasyakatha addehathinte thalpparyangal rockfellerilekku kaimaran kaaranamaayi. gettukalkku lamond emm aanu ishtam. vipulamaaya maanejment parichayamulla addehathinte ammaayiyude bharthaavaaya bovezhs. velboninte keezhudhyogasthanaayi niyamikkapetta bouvarmaaril ninnu maarganirdesam sweekarikkaan velboninode nirddeshichu. velbonin bourarmaare maattivaykkukayallathe mattu maargangalillaayirunnu, athinte falamaayi kambaniyude presidentaaya velbon oru pramukhan mathramaayirunnu, chilappol swantham chalanatthil edukkaatha theerumaanangal edukkendivannu.
1908 muthal 1915 nte arambham vare phalapradamaayi chumathalayetta bovezhs, kambani labhakaramaakkunnathinum thozhil rolukal kuraykkunnathinum naamamaathramaaya pravartthanangal avasanippikkunnathinum mechappeduthalukalum kambanikalude saamoohika, medical paripaadikalum kuraykkunnathinum thante maanejment kazhivukal prayogichu. addehathinte sramangal vijayakaramaayirunnu; labham vardhikkukayum labhavihitam nalkukayum cheythu. steel mill poornna seshiyil pravartthikkukayum cheruthaayi vikasippikkukayum cheythu. ennirunnaalum, kizhakkan malsaravum kalkari kayatti ayaykkunnathinulla railway kaarukalude vattaatha kuravu polulla parimithamaaya gathagatha soukaryangalum kaaranam kooduthal labham asaadhyamaanennu thelinju.
1904 muthal 1910 vare thrinidaadinaduthulla kalkari khanikalil nadanna vinashakaramaaya spodanangalude oru parambara ganyamaaya naashanashtangalkk kaaranamaayi. itharam duranthangal thadayunnathinulla sramangal kambaniyum kalkari khanana vyavasaayavum khaniyile suraksha saankethikavidyakalil ganyamaaya mechappeduthalukalkku kaaranamaayi, saadhaaranayaayi vardhicha khaniyile vaayusanjaaram, kalkari podi nanaykkunnathinulla sprinkler samvidaanangal, spotaka kalkari podi nerppikkunnathinaayi paaramanj udaaramaayi vyaapikkuka enniva. khanikalude surakshayekkurichulla aashanka 1907ll yunaittad stetts beuro oof mines roopeekarikkunnathinum colladoyil mechappetta khani suraksha niyanthranangal nadappaakkunnathinum kaaranamaayi.
jolie.
asthiravum akramasakthavumaaya colorado thozhil yudhangalude pashchaathalatthilaanu sii. eph. aandu aii. yude aadyakaala thozhil bandhangal sajjeekarichirikkunnath. athinte charithratthil, kambanikku niravadhi pradhana thozhil tharkkangal undaayittund. aaa samghadana 'aii. dii. 1' ll ahvaanam cheytha panimudakkil sii. eph & aii. yethire kroorathaykku kuttappedutthi. ettavum ariyappedunna panimudakku 1914 ll niravadhi kalkari khanikalkk sameepamulla coloradoyilum thekkan reyilveyilum nirtthiya ludlo depoyile kuprasidhamaaya ludlo koottakolayil kalaashichu. sii. eph & aiyude aarkkaivukalil ninnulla thelivukal velippeduthunnathu kambani nuzhanjukayarukayum pracharippikkukayum lokathile vyaavasaayika thozhilaallikale thadassappeduthaan sramikkukayum cheythuvennaanu.
sii. eph. & aii. yude thozhil shakti kudiyettakkaaril valiyoru bhaagamaayirunnu, avaril palarum kizhakkan, thekkan europil ninnullavaraan. konvaalile parichayasambannaraaya khanithozhilaalikale kudiyettatthinu prolsaahippikkukayum prathyekichu sooryodaya khaniyil ettedukkukayum cheythenkilum, thozhil shakthiyil bhooribhaagavum parichayasampannarallaathavarum engleesh nannayi samsarikkaan kazhiyaathavarumaayirunnu. khaniyudeyum vyaavasaayika suraksha vivarangaludeyum eee sankeernamaaya ashayavinimayam. avarude sankeernathayude abhavam kaaranam thozhilaallikal engane vottu cheythu ennathine swaadheenikkaan kazhinju. vividha vyakthigatha, kambani lakshyangal kaivarikkunnathinu kambani pravartthakar eee tharatthilulla vanjanaaparamaaya votting vyaapakamaayi upayogichu.
lamond emm. cf & aiyude cheef executive offeesaraaya bovezhs, cf & aii thozhilaallikalude aarogyathe badhikkunna madyapaanam, choothaattam, veshyaavrithi thudangiya thinmakalekkurichulla pithrthvaparamaaya aashankaykkum kambani laabhathinum purame, khanana pattanangal vrithiyaakkaanum colladoyile nirodhanam nadappakkaanum addeham nadatthiya sramangal, sakthamaaya union virudhamaayirunnu, koodaathe aidi 1 nte valia panimudakkinu kaaranamaaya kaalayalavil yunaittad mine thozhilaalikalumaayi amgeekarikkaano charcha nadathaano visammathichu. aaa neendathum akramasakthavumaaya panimudakkinte phalangal kambaniyumaayulla addehathinte currier avasaanippichu.
1913-14 ennathinte panimudakku.
1913 septambaril union praathinidhyatthinte vishayathil aikya khanithozhilaalikal vilicha panimudakku, thekkan coloradoyile hurfano, laas animas kaundikalile kalkari khani opparettarmaarkkethire aayirunnu, avide cf & aiyude kalkari, kookk ulppaadanathil bhooribhaagavum sthithicheyyunnu, kalkari khani oopparettarmaarude association kalkari oopparettarmaarude vakthaavaayirunna cf & aiyude president velbon ulppedunna steering kammittiyum ithine ethirthu. rockfellerude aalaya bovezhs pashchaathalatthil thudarnnu. khanithozhilaalikalil kurachuper yadhaarthathil yooniyanil pettavaro panimudakkil pankedutthavaro aayirunnu, ennaal bhooribhaagavum athine aadarichu. scabukal bheeshanippeduthukayum chilappol akramikkukayum cheythu. irupakshavum ganyamaaya thokkukalum vedikkoppukalum vaangi. union bhaagathe ettavum apakadakaramaayavar balcan yudhangalil parichayasambannaraaya greak kudiyettakkaaraayirunnu. 1913 october 26 nuu elias emm. colladoyile janaadhipathya gavarnaraaya ammons, collado naashanal gardinode utharavittu vyapakamaaya akramathodu prathikarichu.
panimudakkunna khanithozhilaalikal kambani tounukalile veedukal upekshikkaan nirbandhitharaakukayum trinidadinu vadakkulla railway stoppaaya ludlo tent sitti polulla union sthaapicha tent sittikalil thaamasikkukayum cheythu.
naashanal gaardinte samrakshanathil, chila khanithozhilaalikal joliyilekku madangukayum kizhakkan kalkkarippaadangalil ninnu irakkumathi cheytha chila strike brakerukal kaaval seena avarude chalanagal samrakshichukondu avarodoppam cherukayum cheythu. 1914 februvariyil sainyathinte ganyamaaya bhagam pinvalikkappettenkilum oru valia samgham ludloyil thudarnnu. 1914 epril epril samarakkaarum sainikarum thammil oru pothu vedivayppu nadannu. camp kathikkukayum campile 15 sthreekalum kuttikalum kathikkappedukayum cheythu.
yudhathethudarnnu, khanithozhilaalikalude samghangal pradeshathe kalkari kambani soukaryangal aakramichu. coloradoyile lefttanant govarnor steefan aarr. fittsgarald veendum kalkkarippaadangalilekku deseeya kaaval senaye ayachu, pakshe panimudakkunna khanithozhilaalikalude garilla yuddham thudarukayum sarkkar sainikare thirichadikkukayum cheythu. govarnor vudro vilsonil ninnu sahayam abhyarthikkukayum yunaittad stetts sainyathinte unitukale kalkkarippaadangalil vinyasikkukayum cheythu. thudarnnulla maasangalil kalkari ulppaadanathil ganyamaaya vardhanayundaayi.
1913 novemberil oru othutheerppinulla charchakal nadathaanulla sramangal union prathinidhikalumayi samsaricano yooniyante amgeekaaram pariganikkaano kalkari oopparettarmaar visammathichathinal parajayappettu. 1914 leeii vasanthakaalathe akramathinu sesham yunaittad stetts laber sekrattari vilyam bouchop vilson madhyasthathaykku shramichu. samsthaana, federal udyogastharudeyum parichayasambannaraaya moonnaam kakshikaludeyum thudarnnulla sramangalum parajayappettu. oduvil oduvil govarnarative thiranjeduppil republican jorjju alfred kaalsan vijayichathinusesham, 1914 desember desember union panimudakku fund kurayunnathinaal panimudakku pinvalichu.
khani oopparettarmaarkkum union chelavu kooduthalaayirunnu. saambathika maandyathinte falamaayi kalkariyude aavasyam kuranjathinaal sii. eph & aii. yude pala kalkari khanikalum orikkalum veendum thurakkappedaathe niravadhi aalukale joliyil ninnu purathaakki. 1915 februvariyil panimudakku aanukoolyangal nirthaan union nirbandhithamaayi. kalkkarippaadangalil daaridryam undaayirunnu. rockfeller foundeshanil ninnulla fandukalude sahaayathode govarnor kaalsan srishticha thozhilillaayma, durithaashvaasam sambandhicha samsthaana ejansiyaaya collado kammittiyaanu rockfeller foundeshan durithaashwaasa paripaadikal samghadippichathu, thozhilillaatha khanithozhilaalikalkku roadukal nirmmikkanum mattu upayogapradamaaya padhathikal cheyyaanum jolie vaagdaanam cheiyunnu.
ludloyil undaaya naashanashtangal oru koottakkolayayi vijayakaramaayi mudrakuthukayum paarakkashanangalkkum kalkari vyavasayathinum ethire pothujanabhipraayam samaharikkukayum cheythu. yunaittad stetts kammeeshan oonn industrial relations joonn dii. yeei ottappeduthi vipulamaaya hearingukal nadatthi. rockfeller juuniyar. prathyeka shradhaykkaayi bovezhsumaayulla rockfellermaarude bandhavum. 1915ll boverine dutyil ninnu ozhivaakkukayum velbon niyanthranathilekku punasthaapikkukayum vyaavasaayika bandhangal mechappeduthukayum cheythu.
collado vyavasaya padhathi.
1915 octoberil joonn dii. rockfeller juuniyar. rockfeller foundeshan director athinte vyaavasaayika gaveshana vakuppinte medaaviyumaaya vilyam liyon mccansey kinginte sahaayathode, thozhil saahacharyangalilum kambani pattanangalilum adisthaana maanyathayude urappu ulppedunna thozhilaalli praathinidhyatthinte oru aantharika samvidaanamaaya colorado vyavasaya padhathi avatharippichu.
colladoyile segundo, cf & aii athinte thozhilaallikalkk mathiyaya paarppidam vaagdaanam cheyyukayum oru ymca sentar, praadhamika school, chila cherukida bisinasukal, oru kambani store ennivayude sponsarshippiloode mukalilekkulla chalanathmakatha prolsaahippikkukayum cheytha oru kambani touninte udaaharanamaayirunnu. ennirunnaalum vaayu malineekaranam aarogyathinu nirantharamaaya bheeshaniyaayirunnu, veedukalkku indor plumbing illaayirunnu. metallurgical kokkinte aavasyam kuranjathode khaniyil ninnu thozhilaallikale pirichuvidukayum segundo janasamkhya kurayukayum cheythu. 1929-leeii oru valia theepiduthatthinu sesham, sii. eph & aii. pooyi, segundo praayogikamaayi oru prethanagaramaayi maari.
1927-1928 collado kalkari panimudakku.
1927 leeii pothuvaaya collado kalkari panimudakkinu sheshamulla varshangalil sii. eph & aii thozhilaallikale vyaapakamaayi chaarappani nadatthi, ithu rahasya swabhaavavum mosham prachaaranatthinte apakadasaadhyathayum kanakkileduthu kambani thozhil samghadanaye chaarappani cheythathinte charitraparamaayi nilanilkkunna churukkam chila rekhakalil onnaanu.
1990 leeii paapparattham.
1990 november 7 nuu sii. eph & aii 11-aamm adhyayam prakaram samrakshanathinaayi phayal cheythu.
1997-2004 ennathinte panimudakku.
1997ll puebloyile steel varkkezhs union anyayamaaya thozhil reethikal aaropich panimudakkaan vottu cheythu. pazhaya sii. eph & aii soukaryam, puthiya udamasthaavakaashathinu keezhil, sthiramaaya pakarakkaare niyamichu, ithu puthiya thozhiludamayum union thammilulla kooduthal pirimurukkatthilekku nayichu.
ennirunnaalum, 2004 septambaril, praadeshika unionukal 2102,3267 enniva panimudakkilum anyayamaaya thozhil pariseelana kuttangalilum vijayichu. panimudakkiya ellah urukk thozhilaallikalum avarude joliyilekku madangukayum ezhu varshathe panimudakkil panimudakkiya ellah urukk thozhilaalikalkkum record thuka thirike nalkaan kambani nirbandhitharaakukayum cheythu.
innathe saitt.
spodanam choola/thuranna aduppu urukk nirmmaana prakriyaykku purame, cf & aii niravadhi varshangalolam adisthaana ooksijan choola (bof) prakriya upayogichu. eee prakriya pinneedu electric arck furnasukal (iii. eiii. eph) upayogichu maatti. nilavil, prathivarsham oru dasalaksham tanniladhikam skraappukale vividha valuppathilulla steel billattukalayi parivartthanam cheyyaan oru eef eee soukaryathil upayogikkunnu. vividha poortthiyaaya ulppannangalilekku prosess cheiyunnathinaayi billattukal moonnu steel finishing soukaryangalilekku (reyil mill, rooad, baar mill, thadassamillaatha tube mill) vitharanam cheiyunnu.
pradhana oafees kettidam, dispensory, tunnel gettu house ennivayulppede niravadhi bharana kettidangal padinjaaran steel varkk sentar avarude steel varkk myusiyavum steel varkk aarkkaivukalum sthaapikkunnathinaayi vaangiyittund.
orikkal eee sthalathu nilavilundaayirunna niravadhi ulppaadana, nirmmaana millukalil urukk uthppaadanam (scrap recyclinginu upayogikkunna electric choolakal), reyil, vadi, baar, thadassamillaatha tube millukal enniva maathramaan ippozhum pravartthikkunnathu. 1990 kalude avasaanathil vayar mill davis vayarin vittu, athu 2014 ll adachupoottunnathuvare cf & aii brand naamatthil veli, nakhangal thudangiya uthppannangal nirmmichu. 480 adii vare (nilavile 80 adii muthal) reyil neelam ulppaadippikkaan millinu kazhinju, nilavil kurachu europian plaantukalil maathrame neelam saadhyamaakoo.
athum kaanuka.
steel works museum

