
joonn chaun

yunaittad kingdatthile oru dhanakaarya saambathika shaasthranjanaanu joonn chaun, currency, saambathika vipanikal ennivaye prathyekamaayi paraamarshichu oru anthaaraashtra nikuthi vidagthanaayi thante currier aarambhichu. choon deverst elpyil ninnu viramichathinusesham addeham valare sajeevamaayi thudarunnu, mooladhana vipanikalude vikasanathekkurichum parivartthana, valarnnuvarunna sambadvyavasthakalilekkulal aantharika nikshepathe prothsaahippikkurinnathum prathyeka paraamarshatthode pothu naya vishayangalil charchakalil pankedukkukayum eurosoninte bhaviyekkurichu upadeshikkukayum cheiyunnu. haitek, 'vinashakaramaaya' staarttappukalude dhanasahayathekkurichu upadeshikkunna oru grouppumaayi addeham aduthu pravartthikkunnu.
aadyakaala jeevithavum vidyaabhyaasavum.
cambridgile gordanstaunilum selvin collegilum vidyaabhyaasam nediya chaun, sthiravum floating exchange nirakkukalum sambandhicha oru prabandhathinu aadam smith sammanam nedi, thante varshathile ettavum mikacha renbury scholarship nedi, ippol kolejinte oonarari felloyaanu. addeham nikshepa samithiyil varshangalolam sevanamanushtichu.
currier.
1962ll chaun thante nikuthi upadeshaka kambaniyaaya jeey eph chaun & kambani limittad sthaapichu, ippol chaun deverst ellp. europian nikuthi samanvaya nirddeshangalekkurichu abhipraayamidukayum athath nikuthi parishkaarangalekkurichu anthaaraashtra upadeshtaavaayi canada, austreliya, nyoosiland sandarshikkukayum cheytha addeham yaadhaasthithika chaansalarmaarudeyum nizhal chaansalarmaarudeyum pothu naya upadeshtaavaayirunnu. kammyoonisathinte thakarchaykku sesham parivartthana raajyangalkk vipaniyum nikuthi upadeshavum nalkia fund engane ennathinekkurichu arian addeham sajeevamaayirunnu, mooladhana vipanikalude vikasanathekurichulla oru locabank padhathi ulppede russiayil upadeshaka pravartthanangal thudarnnu, koodaathe jackie newbariyumaayi chernnu mangoliayileyum thaylandileyum padhathikalil pravartthikkukayum lunden nagaratthile niravadhi dauthyangalil pravartthikkukayum cheythittundu.
instittyoott phoor financial stadeesinte sahasthaapakanaaya chaun, anthaaraashtra nikuthi specialist grouppinte kammittiyil thudarunnu, polittikkal ikkanomi clubble sajeevamaan, saambathika naveekarana patana kendram, audyogika dhanakaarya, dhanakaarya sthaapanangalude phooram, mattu niravadhi chinthakar.
royal sosaitti oof myoosishyansinte oonarari saambathika upadeshtaavaaya addeham (ippol oru 'oonarari amgam') lunden handell sosaittiyilum mattu sangeetha chaarittikalilum ippozhum valare sajeevamaan.
ezhuthukal.
nikuthi nayathekkurichu niravadhi pusthakangal ezhuthiya chaun, "eiii histtari oof moonittari unionukal" (rutledge 2003) enna grandhatthinte rachayithaavaan, koodaathe "saambathika charithratthinte paadangal" enna oru adhyayam aii. iii. eiii padanatthinu sambhavana cheythittundu, euro-thudakkam, madhyam.. pinne avasaanamo?(epril 2013) central baankinginaayi avalokanam cheythappol, harrold jaims" "europian moonittari union undaakkunnu" "(februvari 2013)".
central bankingile rund lekhanangalum mattu niravadhi avalokanangalum saambathika prathisandhiye kooduthal pothuve kaikaaryam cheiyunnu. 2009 novemberil addeham "oru puthiya banking samvidaanathilekku!" enna lekhanam ezhuthi. athil banking samvidaanathile mosham reethikalil ninnu undaakunna prashnangalekkurichu addeham hrasvamaayi abhiprayappettu. thaalpparyangaludeyum sisttam risk" kaludeyum samgharshangalil ithu thudaraan edittar addehathe kshanichu, 2010 novemberil central banking, baankukal undaakkunna anuchithamaya (athinaal susthiramallaatha) laabhathekkurichum saambathika sthirathaykku avayude bheeshaniyekkurichum charcha cheiyunnu, ithu 2009 novemberil "oru puthiya banking samvidaanathilekkulla" oru lekhanathinte thudarchayaayirunnu. thudarnnulla niravadhi pusthaka avalokanangal addehathinte abhipraayathe pinthudarnnu. nikuthi parishkaranavum dananayavum enna vishayangalil pathinanjiladhikam pusthakangalil addeham adhyayangal nalkiyittundu.
thaalpparya vairudhyangal chooshanam cheyth prarambha pothu oofarukalil ninnu baankukal valare ganyamaaya laabhamundaakkunna reethiyil njetti addeham valia prachaaranangal nadathukayum "end tuu unterriting sakhyam engane keerimurukkappedaathirikkan kazhiyum!" enna pusthakam prasidheekarikkukayum cheythu.2011 august, sentar phoor poolisi stadees, europian union oru saambathika edapaadukalkkulla nikuthi (tobin taxes) nirddeshichappol, 2011 avasaanathode house oof loards kammittikk thelivukal nalkaan chounine shanikkukayum thudarnnu 2012 eprilil poolisi padanangalkkaayulla 'time tuu biinn dhii tobin taxes' enna prasidheekaranam nadathukayum cheythu.
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