
iii-meter

iii-meter, yadhaarthathil electrocycometer, oru manushyante electrodermal pravartthanam (iii. dii. eiii) pradarshippikkunnathinulla oru electronic upakaranamaan. shaasthrathilum vyathyastha grouppukalilum audittinginaayi ithu upayogikkunnu. iii-meettarinte shaasthrashaasthrathinte upayogathinte falapraptiyum niyamasadhuthayum vipulamaaya vyavahaarangalkk vidheyamaan, koodaathe oru federal kodathi utharavinu anusrithamaayi, iii-meter "svayam onnum cheiyunnilla", aarogyam mechappeduthaan kazhivillaathathaanennum athmeeya aavasyangalkkaayi prathyekamaayi upayogikkunnuvennum prakhyaapikkunna niraakaranangal charchu oof sayantolaji prasidheekarikkunnu.
atharam upakaranangal pala manushya padanangalilum gaveshana upakaranangalayi upayogichittundu, koodaathe leonard keelarinte polygraph (lye dittaktar) samvidaanathinte niravadhi gadakangalil onnaayi, niyama vidagtharum manasshaasthranjarum phalapradamallaathathum kapadashaasthraparavumaanennu vyaapakamaayi vimarsichittundu.
charithram.
charmmatthinte uparithalathil kaanapedunna vaidyutha chaarjukalude maattamaan electrodermal aaktivitti (iii. dii. eiii). 1889ll russiayilaanu edaa meterukal aadyamaayi vikasippichath, 1900kalil psychotherapistukal avaye chikilsaykkulla upakaranangalayi upayogikkaan thudangi.
volney maathisan oru veettston bridge, oru vaakvam tube amplifier, chumaril soochiyude chithram project cheiyunna oru valia chalikkunna koyil meter enniva adisthaanamaakki oru edaa meter nirmmichu. 1954ll addeham thante upakaranathinu "electrocycometer" allengil iii-meter pettant nedukayum athu "maathisan electrocycometer" ennariyappedukayum cheythu. maathisante vaakkukalil, iii-meterinu "oru rogi rund vaidyutha sanbarkkangal pidichirikkumbol oru skeyililoode angotum ingottum neengunna oru soochi undu". 1950ll ell. maathisan nadatthiya oru prabhashanam kelkkunnathinideyaanu iii-meter enna ashayam thanikk vannathennu "electrocycometry" enna thante pusthakatthil maathisan rekhappeduthiyittundu. roonn hubbarda pii. 64 
oppam
1952-ll record cheytha oru prabhaashanatthil hubbard aaa ettumuttalinekkurichu paranju
1951ll hubbardinoppam pravartthikkaan thudangiya maathisan aaa varsham thante aadyathe iii-meter pettantinaayi apeksha nalki.ezz. pettant <aii. dii. 1>. 1954ll pankaalittham thakarnnathinusesham, maathisan adhika pettantukal upayogichu thante iii-meterukal mechappeduthunnathu thudarnnu, swantham kambaniyiloodeyum prasidheekaranangaliloodeyum avaa vipananam cheythu, habbardinoppamulla kaalam muthal niravadhi ashayangalum nibandhanakalum nilanirtthi.
oru prathyeka vikasanathil, leonard keeler polygraph mesheenukalil edaa monittarukal ulppeduthi. polygraphinte karsanamaaya parisodhana sammishra phalangal nalkukayum chila vimarshakar polygraph pravartthanatthe oru kapadashaasthramaayi tharamthirikkukayum cheiyunnu.
shaasthram.
1951ll maathisan habbaardumaayi sahakarichappol dianeticsilum sayantolajiyilum iii-meter upayogathinaayi sweekarichu. chila srothassukal parayunnath iii-meter "habbaardinte designukal pinthudarnnu volney maathisan vikasippicheduthaanu", allengil hubbard ithu kandupidichathaanennu parayunnu. iii-meettarinte kandupiduthakkaarannenna hubbard thettayi avakashappettu, ithu hubbard "uravidam" allengil "ellah dianeticsinteyum sayantolaji metteeriyalukaludeyum eaka srashtaavu" enna shaasthra nilapaadinu anusrithamaanu.
dianeticsinteyum shaasthrashaasthrathinteyum aadyakaalathinte bhagamaayirunnilla iii-meter. auditing oru mechanical upakaranam nayikkaatha sambhaashanamaan. 1952leeii philadelphia doktarettu kozhsilaanu hubbard oru iii-meter prototype avatharippichathu, ennaal niravadhi varshangalkk sesham vare traansistaraisd pathipp avatharippichilla. 1960kall muthal iii-meter dianeticsinteyum shaasthrashaasthrathinteyum "pradhana bhauthika karakaushalavasthuvaayi" maari.
pusthakatthil, "ell. roonn hubbard, mishiha allengil bhraanthan?", bent corridon ezhuthi
kurachu kaalathekku shaasthrashaasthrathinte kooduthal noothana saankethikavidyakal iii-meter illaathe pravartthikkumennu thonniyengilum, kurachu maasangalkk sesham 1955 meyy maasathil hubbard ezhuthi
vaakvam tubeukalekkaal traansisttarukale adisthaanamaakkiyulla sayantolaji meter cheruthaanu, koodaathe line voltejinu pakaram kuranja volteju recharge cheyyaavunna baattariyaan ithu pravarthippikkunnathu.
annumuthal, iii-meter shaasthra manthrimaarkk aavashyamaaya upakaranamaayirunnu. 1960ll "hubbard maarkk II" iii-meterum taamasiyaathe hubbard maarkk III umm namakaranam cheyyappettu. 1966 desember 6 nuu, hubbard "hubbard electrocycometer" enna peril maarkk vii pathippil pettant nedi. hoobard iii-meter yadhaarthathil shaasthranjaraaya doonn breeding joou valis vikasippicheduthaane corridon ezhuthi, ennirunnaalum pettant () mattu developermaare pattikappeduthunnilla.
koridante vivaranam habbaardinte makan ell. roonn hubbard, juuniyar.pinneedu ronald deolph ennariyappettirunna deolph 1987ll prasidheekaranam thadayanamennu aavasyappettu prasaadhakanethire kesedukkukayum pusthakatthile ellaam nirasikkunna oru sathyavaangmoolam nalkukayum cheythu.
dianetics aadyamaayi avatharippichathinushesham sayantolaji iii-meter niravadhi thavana punarroopakalppana cheyyukayum pettant nedukayum cheythittundu (udha.jii.:,).
1969ll appeel kodathi shaasthrathe oru mathamaayi amgeekarikkukayum "sathyasandhamaya mathaparamaya kaunsilingil" iii-meter upayogapradamaanennu prakhyapikkukayum cheythu. jilla kodathi jadji gezel upakaranathinte medical saadhuta nishedhikkumbol iii-meter palliyilekku thirike nalki. eee ghattam muthal ellah iii-meterukalilum ithu eathenkilum rogathinte medical allengil shaasthreeya roganirnayathino chikilsaykko prathirodhatthino vendiyallennu oru nirakaranam alekhanam cheyyendathundu. sabha eee avakaashavaadathe ingane punarnirmmichu "hubbard electrometer oru mathaparamaya karakaushalavasthuvaanu. eee meter svayam onnum cheiyunnilla. kuttasammatham nadathunnathilum idaya kaunsilingilum maathram vidyaarthikalum sabhayile manthrimaarum mathaparamaya upayogathinu ithu upayogikkunnu."
aadhunika aaplikkeshanukal.
theraappist-rogi, bio-feedback krameekaranangalil edaa meterukal upayogikkunnu. polygraphukal rekhappeduthunna gadakangalilonnaanu edaa, koodaathe manushya padanangalil manashaasthraparamaaya prathikaranangal alakkaan edaa meterukal palappozhum upayogikkunnu.
shaasthram.
audittarmaar" ennariyappedunna shaasthra mantrimar shaasthrathilum dianeticsilum iii-meterukal upayogikkunnu. shaasthreeya vasthukkal parambaraagathamaayi eee vishayathe "preclear" ennu vilikkunnu, ennirunnaalum audittarmaar "clear" levelinu purathulla vishayangalil meter upayogikkunnathu thudarunnu. audittar preclearinu oru koottam kamaandukaloo chodyangalo nalkunnu, athesamayam preclear meterumaayi bandhippichirikkunna oru jodi silindar electrodukal ("canukal") kaivasham vaykkunnu, koodaathe audittar vaakkalulla prathikaranavum meettarinte pravartthanavum rekhappeduthunnu. audittar parisheelanatthil oronninum prathyeka praadhaanyamulla niravadhi savisheshamaaya soochi chalanangalumayi parichayappedutthal ulppedunnu. mathapandithanaya dorth riff slund kristtansan iii-meettarine "oru preclear ooditt cheyyumbol engraamukalum maattatthinte mekhalakalum kandethaan oodittare sahayikkunna oru saankethika upakaranam" ennaanu visheshippikkunnathu.
iii-meterumaayi bandhapetta shaasthra ashayangalum athinte upayogavum shaasthreeyavum medical samoohangalum kapadashaasthramaayi kanakkakkunnu, kaaranam iii-meter orikkalum oru chikitsa upakaranamaayi klinikkal pareekshanangalkk vidheyamaayittilla.
oru pariseelanam labhicha oopparettarude kaikalil, oru vyakthikk munkaala anubhavangalude athmeeya thadassangalil ninnu mochanam labhichittundo ennu meterinu soochippikkaan kazhiyumennu shaasthranjar avakaashappedunnu. 1974 leeii federal kodathi utharavinu anusrithamaayi, charchu oof sayantolaji iii-meter palli amgeekaricha auditing sessionukalil maathram upayogikkaan uddeshichullathaanennu vaadikkunnu; ithu oru rogashanti allengil medical upakaranamalla. palli upayogikkunna iii-meterukal munbu shaasthranjar avarude swarnna bays fesilittiyil nirmmichirunnuvenkilum ippol hongongilum thaayvaanilumaanu nirmmikkunnath.
hubbard parayunnathanusarichu, iii-meter oopparettar moonnu pradhana pravarthanangalkkaayi upayogikkunnu
otta vaakkukal, muzhuvan vaakyangal, chodyangal ennivayude vaikaarika charge vilayiruthaanum oopparettar samsaarikkaathappol vishayathinte pothuvaaya avastha soochippikkaanum iii-meter upayogikkaamenn sabha avakaashappedunnu. iii-meettarinte kurachu upayokthaakkal athu vishayathin enthengilum cheiyumennu avakaashappedunnu. mikkavarkkum, ithu oopparettarkku maanasikamo vaikaarikamo parasympathetic naadee avasthayilo pravartthanatthilo maattam varuthaan nirddeshikkukayallaathe matonnumalla.
puthiya matha prasthaana pandithanaaya dougless covan ezhuthunnathu iii-meter illaathe shaasthranjarkku paalatthiloode poornna swaathanthryathilekku munneraan kazhiyillennum avayilonnu pravartthikkunnathil parajayappettaal rund iii-meterukal vaangaan polum aaa hubbard shaasthranjarodu paranjuvennum aanu. naravamshashaasthranjanaaya rooy raappaaporttinte abhipraayathil, iii-meter oru aachaaraparamaaya vasthuvaan, "adrishyamaaya onninu soochikayaayi nilakollunna" oru vasthuvaan.
pravarthanaparamaaya vivaranam.
iii-meettarinte praadhamika gadakangalilonnaanu 1833ll kandupidicha oru electrical surcuted konfigareshanaaya oru veettston bridge, ithu rund electrical impedensukal (eee saahacharyathil, resistansukal) thammilulla valare cheria vyathyaasangal kandethaan prapthamaakkunnu. oru resistans vishayathinte bodiyum mattonn oopparettarude niyanthranatthilulla reostaattumaanu enna nilayilaanu iii-meter nirmmichirikkunnathu. baattariyil ninnulla oru cheria volteju vishayathinte kaikalil pidichirikkunna electrodukalil prayogikkunnu. kaunsiling samayat vishayathinte shareerathinte vaidyutha gunangal (electrodermal pravartthanam) maarumbol, cheria vaidyutha pravaahatthile thathfalamaayundaakunna mattangal oru valia analog paanal meterile soochi chalanangalil pradarshippikkunnu. dial facinu akkangalilla, kaaranam oomsile kevala prathirodham thaarathamyena apradhaanamaan, athesamayam oopparettar praadhamikamaayi savisheshamaaya soochi chalanagal nireekshikkunnu. electrodukalil prayogikkunna volteju 1.5 vii yill kuravaanu, koodaathe vishayathinte shareerathiloode vaidyutha pravaham araa millie aambiyaril kuravaanu.
shaasthrashaasthra iii-meettaril, "toonn aam" ennariyappedunna valia niyanthranam meter bayas krameekarikkunnu, athesamayam cheruthaaya onnu nettatthe niyanthrikkunnu. dayalinte madhyabhaagathu soochi sookshikkaan oopparettar toonn aam kaikaaryam cheiyunnu, athinaal athinte chalanam eluppathil nireekshikkappedunnu. shaasthranjarum athupolullavarum upayogikkunnathupollu nerittulla vaidyuthadhaarayaal pravartthikkunna oru lalithamaaya iii-meter, chalakatha, prathirodham, jaivavaidyuthasheshi ennivayile mattangal ulppede oru dialil verthirivillaathe niravadhi tharam electrodermal pravartthanangal (iii. dii. eiii) pradarshippikkunnu. psychophysiology gaveshakar idiyude admittans, impedence vashangal paryavekshanam cheiyunnu, avaa alternating karant upayogichu maathrame nireekshikkaan kazhiyoo.
electrodermal pravartthanatthile vyathiyanangal alakkunna iii-meter (vikaarangalodu valare prathikarikkaan kazhiyunna), polygraphinte oru bhaagatthinte athe physiological daatta srothassukalil allengil "lye dittaktar" pravartthikkunnu. shaasthra sidhaanthamanusarichu, eee prathirodham vishayathinte manassinte "maanasika pindove oorjjavum" anusarichaanu, athu vishayam prathyeka maanasika prathimakalekkurichu (engramukal) chinthikkumbol maarumennu avakaashappedunnu. pazhangalkk vedana anubhavappedumo illayo ennu nirnnayikkaan iii-meter upayogikkunnathinekkur oru vivaranam parayunnu, 1968 leeii addehathinte avakaashavaadathil, thakkaali "murikkumbol nilavilikkunnu".
charmmatthile vearp grandhikalude avastha anusarichu charmma prathirodham vyathyaasappedunnuvennu edayude parambaraagatha sidhaantham karuthunnu. viyarppil electrolyteukal (uppu muthalaayava) adangiyirikkunnathinaal vearp niyanthrikkunnath sahaanubhoothiyulla naadeevyavasthayaanu.), vearp grandhikal sajeevamaakumbol chalakatha vardhikkunnu. ennaal vearp puranthallunnathum unakkunnathum vazhi saadhyamaayathinekkaal vegathil meter prathikarikkunnuvennu chila abhibhaashakar vaadikkunnu. thalachorinte cerebral courtex vaidyuthadhaaraye nerittu badhikkunna "tarchanoff prathikaranam" enna peril oru adhika samvidaanam avar nirddeshikkunnu. eee prathibhasam poornnamaayum manassilakkappettilla, kooduthal gaveshanam nadathendathundu.
niyamam.
america.
licencillaathe vaidyashaasthram abhyasichathinu nyoojezhsi stettu board oof medical examinermaar hubbard dayanettik research foundeshane (elisabath, nyoojezhsi) 1951 muthal medical sthaapanam nireekshichirunnu. 1958ll phudu aandu drugg administration (eph. dii. eiii) habbaardinte vitharana kendratthil ninnu 21,000 dianassine gulikakal pidichedukkukayum nasippikkukayum cheythu.radiation rogathinulla chikilsayaayi avare thettayi label cheythuvennu avar aaropichu.
1963 januvari 4 nuu, oru eph. dii. eiii paraathiyude sevanathinaayi, nooriladhikam us maarshalukalum drow thokkukalulla niyogikkappetta longshormaanmaarum washingtonile sthaapaka charchu oof sayantolajiyil raid cheythu.sii. moonnu tanniladhikam swathukkal kanduketty. 5, 000 pusthakangal, 2,900 laghulekhakal, noorukanakkinu iii-meterukal ennivayulppede 135 ennam. iii-meterukalkku shaareerikavum maanasikavumaya rogangal chikilsikkaan kazhiyumennu thettaaya medical avakaashavaadangal sabha nadathunnathaayi fda aaropichu. shupaarsha cheytha avasthakal chikilsikkunnathinu meterukal mathiyaya nirddeshangal nalkunnillennum eph. dii. eiii. aaropichu.
iii-meterinu enthengilum sukhappeduthaano sukhappeduthaano kazhiyumennu oru prasidheekaranavum ezhuthiyittillennu sabha avakashappettu. 136. swath thirike labhikkaan vendi kesedutthu. varshangalolam vyavaharangal thudarnnu. 1967 epril 3nuu aarambhicha aadya vichaaranayil, iii-meter palli thettayi chithreekarichathaayi juurii kandethukayum pidicheduttha vasthukkal nasippikkaan jadji utharavidukayum cheythu. ennaal 1969ll columbia jillaykkayulla yuu. ezz. appeel kodathi vidhi pinvalichu; shaasthram oru mathamaanennum avakaashavaadathe nishedhikkaan sarkkar onnum cheythitillennum sabha ganyamaaya reethiyil theliyichathaayi athu paranju. yuu. ezz. appeel kodathi ezhuthi 
shaasthrashaasthram oru mathamaanennu kandethiya kodathi, avakaashavaadangal vyakthamayum aathmaarthathayillaatham achaarangal nyayamaayum nirupadravakaravumaanenkil, sabhayude sidhaanthangalude sathyatheyo asathyatheyo niyantrikkaanum athinte achaarangalil edapedaanum bharanaghadanayude aadya bhedagathiyiloode sarkkaarine vilakkiyathayi ezhuthi. mathaparamaya pashchaathalatthil auditing, iii-meter upayogam allengil saahityam vitharanam cheiyunnathu enniva thadayaan vichaarana kodathikku kazhiyillennu vidhiyode kodathi oru puthiya vichaaranaykk utharavittu. fda eee theerumaanathinethire appeel nalkiyengilum 1969ll us supreme kodathi cases avalokanam cheyyaan visammathichu, "shaasthrashaasthram mathatthinte" pradhamadrishtyaa "parisodhana paalikkunnu" ennu maathram abhiprayappettu. 1973 leeii thante vidhiyil, jilla kodathi jadji gerhard gezel vidhichu appeel kodathiyil ninnulla utharavinu keezhil kooduthal cheyyaan kazhiyaathathinal, jadji gezel ellah swathukkalum palliyilekku thirike nalkaan utharavittu, athinusesham, iii-meter "sathyasandhamaya" mathaparamaya kaunsilingil maathrame upayogikkaavoo. ellah meterukalum referencing saahityavum eathenkilum medical aanukoolyangal nishedhikkunna oru label ulppeduthanam
sabha aaa prasthaavanayude parishkaricha pathipp sweekarichu, athu ippozhum iii-meterumaayi bandhappett abhyarthikkunnu. nilavile prasthavana ingane
onpathu varshathe vyavahaarathil kandukettapetta swathinu sarkkaarinte ellah niyama fease sambharanachelavum nalkaanum jadji gezel sabhayodu utharavittu. idaykkide kodathiyude utharavu paalikkunnathinayi parishodhikkunna fda ejantumaarude shambalavum yaathrachelavum nalkanamennum addeham sabhayodu aavasyappettu.pii. 143 raid niyamavirudhamaanennu vidhichenkilum sarkkar rekhakalude pakarppukal sookshichu.
europe.
1979ll sweedenil oru kodathi iii-meettarine "manushyante maanasikaavasthayum athile maattangalum alakkunnathinulla vilamathikkaanaavaatha sahaayamaayi" oru parasyatthil visheshippikkunnathu nirodhichu. x" kesil europian manushyavakaasha kammeeshan nirodhanam sharivachu. charchu oof sayantolaji vii. sweeden ".
2009 octoberil fraansile paareesile thiruthal kodathiyile moonnanga samiti sabhayey athile aarr amgangaleyum samghaditha thattippin shikshichu. moonnaazhchathe vichaaranaye thudarnnu rund parathikkaar samghadana thangale vanjichuvennu aaropich kodathiyude theerumaanam. oru vaadiyude paraathiyil shaasthravidagdhar vaidyashaasthraparamaaya prathyaaghaathangalulla iii-meter upayogikkunnathu ulppedunnu. upakaranam upayogichu ooditt cheytha sesham, thante avastha mechappeduthunnathinaayi vitaaminukal, pusthakangal, kozhsukal ennivaykkaayi pathinaayirakkanakkin euro nalkaan thanne prothsaahippichathaayi eee vaadi avakashappettu. athu vanchanaykku thulyamaanennu avar vaadichu. kodathi sammathikkukayum 2013-ll appeelil vidhi sharivaykkukayum cheythu. kaanuka.
austreliya.
1964ll australiyayile victoria sarkkar shaasthrashaasthrathekkura oru board oof inquirey nadatthi, athu aandezhsan report ennariyappedunna oru rekhayil athinte kandethalukal thirike nalki. australian aandu nyoosiland koleju oof cycatristukalude oonarari federal sekrattariyaaya cycatrist iyaan holland martin, "sayantolajikkayi upayogikkunna" iii-meter "saiko-galvano-meter" aanennum "yogyathayillaatha kaikalil apakadakaramaanennum" thelivukal nalki. oru nuna kandethal yanthramaayi poornnamaayum apakeerthippeduthappedu" ennu manassilaakkaatha oraalkk iii-meter "nigoodamaaya adikaarangal kaivashappeduthaan nirddeshikkappettaal" aaa vyakthi oopparettar thannil adichelppicha aashayangalkk nirddeshikkappedumennu addeham paranju. iii-meter shaasthrathe praapthamaakkiyenn anweshanathinte anthima reportil parayunnu
1965ll victoria licencillaathe iii-meter upayogikkunnathu nirodhichu, padinjaaran austreliyayum thekkan austreliyayum ithu pinthudarnnu. 1969ll padinjaaran australiyayile haikodathi nirodhanam niyamavirudhamaanennu vidhichu. 1973ll southu austreliya athinte niyamam raddaakkukayum 1982ll victoria athu raddaakkukayum cheythu. 1983ll australian haikodathi shaasthrashaasthram oru mathamaanennum athe avakashangalum samrakshanangalum undennum vidhichu.
shaasthra vishwaasangalum sidhaanthangalum.
shaasthrashaasthra sabhaykkullil, aadyakaala manashaasthranjar iii-meettarinte aadya upayogathinu arharaanu.
iii-meter punarnirmmikkukayum dayanettiksil upayogikkunnathinulla aadyathe model konduvarikayum cheythathinu hubbard maathisane prashamsichu. iii-meter engane pravartthikkunnu ennathinekkurichulla thante sidhaantham hubbard thante 'iii-meettarine manassilakkuka' enna pusthakatthil avatharippichu
saadhaaranakkaar saadhaaranayaayi manassilaakkunnathupole eee "maanasika pindatthinu" bharam ulppedeyulla athe shaareerika swabhaavasavisheshathakalundenna hubbard avakashappettu
iii-meter manassilakkuka" enna vaachakathodoppam moonnu droingukalum undu. aadyathethu oru manushyan thookkamulla skailil nilkkunnathayi kaanikkunnu, athu "150" bhaarathe prathifalippikkunnu (unitukal nalkiyittilla). aduthathu "maanasika prathichaaya chithrangalude" bharam chumannu athe skailil manushyane kaanikkunnu, skeyil "180" bhaarathe soochippikkunnu. avasaanathe chithratthil manushyan ippol "maanasika prathichaaya chithrangalaal" bhaaramillaathavanum mukhathu punchiriyodum koode skailil nivarnnu nilkkunnathayi kaanikkunnu, athesamayam skeyil veendum "148" bhaarathe soochippikkunnu.
1970kalude thudakkathil sabhayude muthirnna executive ayirunna bob thomas oru gadya vivaranam nalki.

