
sii. jii. koonn

sii. jii. koonn limittad.1915ll sthaapithamaaya sangeetha upakaranangalude muun american nirmmathaavaaya koonn, chilappol koonn instruments allengil saadhaaranayaayi koonn ennu vilikkappedunnu. amerikkayile braswindukaludeyum saxophoneukaludeyum aadyakaala nirmmaanatthile pradhana vyakthiyaya chaals jerard koninte udamasthathayilulla nirmmaana soukaryangal ithu vaangi. athinte aadyakaala bisinesses pradhaanamaayum indiaanayile elkhaarttil nirmmicha pichala upakaranangale adisthaanamaakkiyullathaayinu. 1950kalil athinte vilppana varumaanathinte bhooribhaagavum vaidyutha avayavangalilekku maari. 1969ll kambani papparaayi crowell-collier-mcmillan publishing kambanikku vittu. 1970-ll koonn athinte elkhaarttu ulppaadana soukaryangalil ninnu vittu, sheshikkunna uthppaadanam upagraha soukaryangalilum kararukaarante srothassukalilum avasheshichu.
1980ll kambani vilkkukayum pinneedu 1985ll veendum maathru korppareshan yunaittad myoosikkal instrumentsinu (umi) keezhil 1986ll punasamghadippikkukayum cheythu. 2000ll steyinve myoosikkal instruments umiyude swathukkal vaangukayum 2003 januvariyil mattu steyinve propertykalumaayi koonn-selmer enna subsidiaryaayi layippikkukayum cheythu. sii. jii. koonn-selmer nirmmicha oru brand sangeetha upakaranangalayi koonn nilaninnu, athu ariyappettirunna niravadhi upakaranangal nilanirtthi koonn 8 dii hoonn, 88 echu trombone, 62 echu baas trombone, 52 bii. ezz. pii. kahalam, 1 eph. aarr. fluegelhon.
charithram.
kambaniyude uthbhavam.
chaals jii. yuu. esile oru aabhyanthara yudhathil pankeduttha vyakthiyaayirunnu koonn.ezz. yudhaanantharam indian sainyathinte karakaushala, baking bisinasukal indian thalasthaanamaaya elkhaarttil aarambhichu. praadeshika community baandilum addeham cornet vaayikkunnu. sangeetha upakarana nirmmaana bisinessilekku koninte praveshanam oru pilarpp chundinte phalamaayirunnu. ithu engane sambhavichu ennathinekkurichu moonnu kathakal nilavilundu, ennaal iruvarum madyapichirunna oru salooninu purathu dell kraamptan addehathe vaayil thalliyittu ennathaanu janapriyamaayi amgeekarikkappetta pathipp. koninte mukalile chundinu gurutharamaayi murivundaayirunnu, cornet kalikkunnathu addehathe vedanippichathinaal thante kaliyude divasangal avasaanichuvennu addeham karuthi. thante store nadathunnathinupurame, koonn rubber staambukalum punar plate cheytha velli paathrangalum nirmmichu. thante chundukalkk anusrithamaayi oru mukhapathrathinte arikilekku rubber staambu metteeriyal gadippikkaan addeham theerumaanichu. thante ashayam suhruthukkale kaanichukoduthappol thante kandupiduthathinu valia demandundennu addeham manassilakki. koonn pinneedu thante puthiya mukhapathram nirmmikkunnathinekkur chinthikkaan thudangi. rubber simant kooduthal eluppathil ottippidikkaan kazhiyunna oru kuzhiyulla oru riim addehathinu aavashyamaayirunnu. 1874-ll koonn upekshicha thayyal mesheen frame oru lalithamaaya lathaayi parivartthanam cheyyukayum thante mouthu peasukal puratthirakkaan thudangukayum taamasiyaathe poornna nirmmaanathilaavukayum cheythu (pinneedu, konum dell kraambdanum uttasuhrithukkalaayi, koonn thante rashtreeya jeevitam aarambhichappol, addeham mithathwathinte uracha vakthavaayirunnu). 1875-ll koonn thante rubber-rimmid mukhapathrathinu pettant nedi (1877 vare pettantukal pinthudarendathundu) "oru ilaastik mukham [i.iii., oru rubber riim] avide mouthu pease chundukalumaayi sanbarkkam pulartthunnu, ksheenam thadayukayum chundukalkk parikkelkkukayum cheyyuka ennathaanu lakshyam."
koninte sangeetha upakarana bisinasinte valarcha.
brass instrument nirmmathaavum designer landanile henry distinile muun jeevanakkaranumaaya yujeen victor baptist dupontine koonn kandumutty. 1876 januvariyil koonn & dupond enna peril koonn dupondumaayi chernnu, dupond koninte aadya upakaranamaya phoor-inn-vann cornet srishtichu, krookkukal e, c, b, a ennivayude thaakkolukalil hoonn vaayikkaan anuvadikkunnu. 1877 aayappozhekkum koninte bisinesses addehathinte palacharakk kadayude pinbhaagathe marikadannu, addeham elkhaarttu avanyoovinteyum eest jaxoninteyum moolayil oru nishkriya factory kettidam vaangi. 1879 maarchode dupondumaayulla koninte pankaalittham pirichuvidappettu, ennaal europil ninnu vidagdha karakaushalathozhilaalikale thante factoryilekku aakarshikkunnathil addeham vijayichu, eee reethiyil addeham thante pravartthanam vipuleekarichu, 1905 aayappozhekkum koninu lokathile ettavum valia sangeetha upakarana factory undaayirunnu, ithu kaatt upakaranangal, charadukal, thaalavaadyam, portable oorgan ennivayude oru poornna nira nirmmichu. koonn albert tii. yumayi pankaalittham vahichu. amstrong, joseph johns, emory phosttar ennivar chernnu 'double-bell vandar' enna peril eratta-hoonn disk phonograph nirmmichu, ithu 1898 nte thudakkathil berliner graamaphon kambaniyude oru cases uthpaadanam nirthalaakkunnathinu munbu hrasvamaayi rund aavarthanangalil nirmikkappettu. pirated berliner maastezhsil ninnulla skraantan button varkkukal 'double-bell vandar' tocking mesheenaayi ishtika-chuvapp 'vandar' recordukalum amarthi. rund aavarthanangalum samyojippichu ambathil thaazhe 'eratta-bell athbhuthangal' nirmikkappettu.
koninte aadya factory 1883 januvari 29 nuu (addehathinte muppathombathaam janmadinam) theepidutthatthil nasippikkappedukayum athe sthalathu addeham oru puthiya kettidam nirmmikkukayum cheythu. 1886ll koonn thante bisinesses masaachyusetsilekku maattaan aagrahikkunnuvennu kimvadanthikal pracharikkaan thudangi. janakeeya subscription vazhi pothujanangal valia thuka samaaharich addehathinu nalkiyathinetthudarnnu koonn thamasikkaan prerippikkappettu. 1887-ll fiscayude viramikkalinethudarnnu masaachyusetsile vorsestarile isak fiscayude pichala upakarana nirmmaanashaala koonn vaangi. fiscayude sasthrakriya akkaalathe ettavum mikachathaayi kanakkaakkappettirunnu. koonn ithu oru kambaniyude anubandha sthaapanamaayi pravarthippikkukayum eee reethiyil addeham thante lakshyangal kaivarikkukayum cheythu. kambaniyude uthppanna nira ippol 'vandar' kornattine kendreekarichullathaane 1885 ll koonn franch klaarinettukalum pullaankuzhalum irakkumathi cheyyaan thudangi. koonn 1888 ll american nirmmitha aadyathe saxophoninte nirmmaanam aarambhichu, addehathinte jeevanakkaranaaya ferdinand august beausher oru adolph saxophone kaanikkukayum athinte oru pakarpp nirmmikkaan sammathikkukayum cheythu. aaa upakaranam edward eiii yudethaayirunnu. patrick gilmorinteyum joonn philipp soosayudeyum baandukalulla ariyappedunna sooloo vaadyakaaranaanu lefebre. lefebreyude upadeshathode prototypeukalil pravarthicha sesham, koonn saxophoneukalude nirmmaana modalukalil sthirathaamasamaakkukayum 1892 oode pathivayi nirmmaanam aarambikkukayum cheythu. koninte upakaranagalkk susa ulppede niravadhi pramukha baand directormaar amgeekaaram nalki. 1898-ll, soosayude nirddeshaprakaaram, koonn vaanijyaparamaayi vijayakaramaya aadyathe bell-upp soosaphon ("mazha pidikkunnayaal") vikasippichu. koonn vorsestar ooppareshan ghattamghattamaayi nirtthi (1898-ll uthppaadanam nirtthi), koonn newyork nagaratthil (1897-1902) oru store sthaapichu, athu koonn nirmmicha wood wind, pichala, thaalavaadya upakaranangal, vayalin, mandolinukal, portable reed oorgans ennivayulppede 'vondar' labelinu keezhil vaividhyamaarnna charakkukal vittu. american nirmmithavum irakkumathi cheythathumaaya gitaarukal, banjos, sittezhs ennivayum bisinesses vitharanam cheythu.
koninte vipananathil upakaranangalude vilppana mathramalla, brass baandukalude prachaaranavum ulppedunnu. sangeetha upakarana vyavasaayathinte valarchayil nirnaayaka gadakamaaya pichala upakarana adhyaapakare parisheelippikkunnathinaayi addeham koonn kansarvettari sthaapichu. 1890kalil iii.eiii. lefebre kansarvettariyil saxophone padippikkaan thudangi, ithu saxophone nirddeshangalude labhyathaykkum irupathaam noottaandil saxophone vilppanayude valarchaykkum uthejanam nalki.
koninte kambani athiraalikaludeyum upakaranangaludeyum uravidamaayirunnu. swantham bisinesses thudaraan sthaapanam vitta pramukha jeevanakkar samgeethasamvidhaayakar aayirunnu. sidel baand instrument kambaniyaaya vilyam eph. yude sthaapakanaanu paarees chembezhs. busher baand instrument kambaniyaaya ferdinand eiii. yude sthaapakanaanu seedel. eph. yude sthaapakanaaya busher.iii. oolds kambani frank iii. oolds, martin baand instrument kambaniyaaya henry chaals maarttinte sthaapakan.
1910 meyy 22 nuu koninte randaamathe factory katthi, 100,000 muthal 500,000 dollar vare nashtam kanakkakkappettu. kaaliforniyayil ninnu elkhaarttilekku pookumbool koonn factory katthi, veettilethiyappol oru pothu prakadanam, janakeeya sahathapam prakadippikkunnathinula oru maarggam addehathe kandu. eest bardsley, koonn avanyookalude moolayil moonnaamathe factory nirmmikkanulla thante uddeshyam koonn prakhyaapichu. 1910 august 15nuu nirmmaanam aarambikkukayum thudarnnulla desember 12 aayappozhekkum athu poornnamaayum pravarthanakshamamaavukayum cheythu.
koninte mattu samrambhangal.
sangeetha upakarana nirmmaana mekhalaykkappurathekku koninte currier valarnnu. 1892ll addeham yunaittad stetts kongrasilekku thiranjedukkappettu, 1908ll addeham indiana govarnarilekku malsarichu parajayappettu, 1910ll addeham senattarilekku malsarichu. 1889-ll koonn "elkhaarttu dayley treath" sthaapikkukayum prathimasa "kaahalakkurippukal" prasidheekarikkukayum "gossip" enna peril oru apavaadapathravum prasidheekarikkukayum "washington times" vaangukayum athu pinneedu vilkkukayum cheythu. utilities bisinessilekku praveshikkunnathil parajayappettathinushesham, addehathinte moonnaamathe faaktariyude kettidam (theepidutthatthil nashtappettu), oru muun kambani maanejar thanikkethire phayal cheytha chelaveria cases nashtappettu, koonn ganyamaaya kadangal sambaadichu. 1911-ll, koninte kadangal boond cheyyaanum pravartthana mooladhanam surakshithamakkaanumulla shramathil, konum bharya hoonn factory mathramalla, avarude ellah swathukkalum ulkkollunna 200,000 dollarinu oru trastt deed nadappilaakki, patthu varshathinullil pakwata praapikkunna ettavum dairkhyameriya boond. koninte vardhichuvarunna kada prathisandhi thante aasthikalkk oru vaangunnayaale thedaan addehathe nirbandhithanaakki, 1915-ll hoonn factory ulppedeyulla koninte ellah oharikalum washingtonil vachu koonn kandumuttya kaal demont greenleefinte neethrthwathilulla oru koottam nikshepakar vaangi.sii.
kaal dii. green leaf sii. jii. koonn, limittad., 1915-1949.
1915 muthal 1949 vare koninte prasidantaayirunnu kaal greenleaf. sii enna peril pothu stokku ofarukalumaayi puthiya kambani samyojippikkappettu. jii. koonn limittad. koonn vyaapaaramudra puthiya kambaniyude audyogika naamatthilekku update cheythu. vyavasaayathinte vipani pravanathakalodu valare sensitiivu aaya oru samarthanaaya bisinasukaaranaayirunnu greenleaf. president ayirikke, cheria taunn brass baandinteyum susa baand polulla valia touring baandukaludeyum kramena vamshanaashathe greenleaf shradhikkukayaayirunnu. baand upakaranangalude bhaavi vipani uyarthunnathinaayi, skoolukalilum kolejukalilum baand paripaadikal prolsaahippikkaan addeham chumathalayettu. vyavasaayavum sangeetha adhyaapakarum thammil adutha bandhavum ashayavinimayavum vikasippikkaan addeham thudarnnu. joseph iii polulla adhyapakarumaayulla addehathinte sahakaranm. maddy tii.pii. pothu skoolukalil baand samgeetham avatharippikkan giddingukal sahayichu. 1923ll aadyathe deseeya baand malsaram samghadippicha greenleaf, mishigaanile interlochanil deseeya sangeetha camp sthaapikkaan sahayichu. 1928-ll addeham noorukanakkinu school baand directormaare parisheelippicha oru koonn naashanal school oof music sthaapichu, ithu amerikkayiludaneelamulla skoolukalilum communitykalilum sangeetha paripaadikalude vikasanathinu uthejanam nalki.
greenleefinte neethrthwathil kambani vitharanathe meyil-oordaril ninnu retail dealermarilekku parivartthanam cheyyukayum ettedukkalukaliloode uthppanna shreni vipuleekarikkukayum cheythu. sii. jii. 1923ll koonn kondinental music retail subsidiary sthaapichu, athinte vijayathinte uchathil 30 ladhikam music storukalude oru shringhala ulppettirunnu. 1920kalil sii. jii. elkhaarttu baand instrument kambani (1923-27), percussion nirmmathaavaaya leady kambani (1929-55), retailerude stokkinte 49.9% ennivayude udamasthatha koninaanu. & eiii. selmer (1923-27). 1929ll kaal fisher kambaniyude irakkumathi/chillara vilppana upakaranangalaya drum nirmmaathaakkalaaya ludwig, ludwig, accordian nirmmathaavaaya soprani enniva koonn vaangi. 1940 muthal 1950 vare kambani hadorf piano kambaniyude udamasthathayilaayi, 1941 muthal 1942 vare strobe piano kambani.
greenleaf vikasippikkukayum naveekarikkukayum cheythu sii. jii. koons plaant uthppaadanam vardhippikkaanum wilkan puthiya kaattaadi upakaranangal vikasippikkaanum. 1917 aayappozhekkum, greenleaf plaantil avatharippicha oru puthiya hydrolic vipuleekarana prakriya upayogichu, assembly-line varkk fozhsu 550 jeevanakkaraayi vardhichu, avar prathimasam 2500 upakaranangal nirmmikkunnu. 1917 sii. jii. koonn athinte randaam nira upakaranangalkkayi "paan american" brand avatharippichu, 1919 ll paan american baand instrument kambaniyude anubandha sthaapanam roopeekarikkukayum randaam nira upakaranangalude uthpaadanam pazhaya angledile skeyil factoryilekku maattukayum cheythu, athu koninte mattu aasthikalkkidayil puthiya kambaniyilekku mattappettu. 1930ll paan american kambaniye sii. laanu samyojippichathu. jii. koonn, sii. jii. 1955 vare paan american brand athinte randaam nira upakaranangalkkayi nilanirthukayum upayogikkukayum cheythu.
1920 sii. jii. koonn saxophoneukalude oru samboornna nira nirmmikkukayayirunnu. eee mekhalayil avarkk mattu valia saxophone nirmmaathaakkalaaya busher, martin ennivaril ninnu kadutha malsaramundaayirunnu. 1917 sii.jii. koonn varacha toonn holukal avatharippichu (W-yude pettantinu sesham.ezz. 1914-ll hains) upakaranangalude sareerabhaagangalil sophtt-souldering toonn hole plaattphomukalude aavasyakatha illaathaakkunnu. ekadesham 1920 sii. jii. koonn rolled toonn hole rims avatharippichu, ithu paadukalude seal paadu ayuss vardhippicha oru savisheshathayaanu. 1947 vare rolled toonn holukal koonn saxophoneukalude oru savisheshathayaayi thudarnnu. 1920 kalude avasaanathode dance oorkkastrakalulla koninte ettavum puthiya "nyoo vandar" model saxophoneukalude vijayam vyapakamaaya shradha nedukayum europian nirmmaathaakkale aazhameriyathum sambannavum bolderumaaya "american" shabdathodu aduthu honukal nirmmikkaan prerippikkukayum cheythu. 1929ll selmer (paarees) american shabdamullah "puthiya valia booar" model avatharippikkukayum checoslovakiayile puthiya juuliyas kailworth kambani sii swaadheenathil saxophoneukal nirmmikkukayum cheythu. jii. rolled toonn holukalum microtunerukalum ulppedeyulla koonn design. 1928ll sax vilppana nilachathode, eph-nte thacol upayogichu oru messo-soprano saxophone saxophone-engleesh hoonn hybridaaya "koonn-ooo-sax" avatharippikkan koonn shramichuvenkilum nirashaajanakamaaya vilppanaykku sesham eee upakaranangal taamasiyaathe nirthalaakkappettu.
1928-ll kaal greenleefinte makan leyland burley greenleefinte nirddeshaprakaaram sii. jii. vyavasaayathil savisheshamaaya athinte pareekshanathmaka laborattari koonn thurannu. leyland greenleefinte directorshippin keezhil, department aadyathe short aakshan pisttan vaalvukalum (1934) aadyathe electronic vishwal tuning upakaranamaya 'strobocon' (1936) vikasippichu. ithu "vocabel" (1932) ennathum vikasippichu, ithu oru rimmillaatha oru munny aanu. jii. swathanthramaayum upakaranathile vaayuvinte vibrating nirayodu sahathaapathodeyum vaibraat [ing]" ennu koonn visheshippikkappedunnu, sii. jii. koonn "koppriyan" bell (1934) vikasippicheduthu, ithu oru mandralil nerittu electroplate cheythukondu roopappetta oru thadassamillaatha chembu munny aanu. greenleefinte saxophone vidagtharaaya alan lumi, hugg loonny ennivarkku keezhil sii. jii. koninte gaveshanavum vikasanavum 6 meter alto (1931), 10 meter tainer (1934), 12 meter baaritton (1930) ennivayude roopakalppanaykku kaaranamaayi. 12 meter baaritton aayirunnu rund bell keekalum valathuvashath ulla aadyathe saxophone, thudarnnu king wall-true II (1932), selmer balanced aakshan (1936) ennivayundaayirunnu. 6 meter altoyil oru noothana eratta sokkatt neck avatharippichu, athu kazhuthu sandhikalile body tubile valia collar kooduthal positteev sealinum prathikaranatthinum vendi neekkam cheythu, pinneedu king altosinum tainerukalkkum ithu sweekarichu. 1935 muthal 1943 vare, sii. jii. scru-adjustable keevarkkum idathu kaii klasttarinulla mechappetta samvidaanangalum ulkkollunna 26 meter, 30 meter "konkvarar" alto, tener saxophoneukal koonn nirmmichu. aaa kaalaghattatthile eathoru saxophoninekkaalum poornnamaayum krameekarikkavunna qee varkk aayirunnu athu. sii. jii. 1940ll earle kent samvidaanam cheytha koninte laborattari gaveshanam, vikasanam, roopakalppana ennivayude vibhaagathilekku vipuleekarichu. sii. jii. adutha sahishnuthayulla nirmmaanatthilum electronic upakaranagalilum koninte samyojitha kazhivukal avare yudhakaala ulppaadanathinu oru moolyavathaaya vibhavamakki maatti.
1942 madhyam muthal 1945 vare, sii. jii. parannathum gadippichathumaaya kompasukal, altimetettarukal, gyro-horaisan indicatorukal, mattu sainika upakaranangal enniva nirmmikkunnathinulla sivilian upayogathinulla ellah samgeethopakaranangaludeyum uthpaadanam koonn nirtthi. sii yude oru prathyeka prayogam. jii. koninte "kopriyoon" prakriya-oru mandralil chembu nikshepichu thadassamillaatha pichala manikal srishtikkuka-raitt saiklon airplane enchinukalkkaayi silver bairing inserttukal nirmmikkuka ennathaayirunnu. shaithyakaalath 15 aazhchathe thozhil panimudakku moolam uthppaadanam veendum thadassappettu. aaa thadassangalil ninnulla vilppanayile nashtavum selmer (paarees), king (echu. enn. vaitt) sii yill gurutharamaaya idivu varuthi. jii. oru pradhana baand upakarana nirmmaathaav enna nilayil koninte padavi. thangalude electronic sangeetha uthppannangalude nirakal vipuleekarikkunnathiloode 1946-ll "konsonaatta" electronic oorgan vikasippichukondum kambani aadyam prathikarichu. pinneedu avar aaa uthppanna lainukale punarujjeevippikkunnathi "konstaleshan" model kaattaadiyanthrangal avatharippichu (1948-leeii saandi runiyoninte sahaayathode 28 meter alto saxophone, 1950-kalude madhyathil pichala upakaranangal). 1960kalolam brass winds oru premium lainayi thudarnnu.
pooll gasley-liie greenleaf yugam, 1949-1969.
kaal greenleaf 1949ll viramichenkilum sii. yill amgamaayi thudarnnu. jii. 1959ll marikkunnathuvare koonn director board. addehathinushesham pooll gasley adhikaaramettu. 1958ll liie greenleaf gasleyude pingamiyaayi kambani presidentaayi. sii. jii. corian yudhasamayathu sangeetha upakaranangalude uthpaadanam thudarunnathinide koonn hrasvamaayi sainika upakaranangalude nirmmaanatthilekku madangi. kambani prashasthi nediya uyarnna nilavaaramulla kaatt upakaranangal vardhichuvarunna oru naamamaathramaaya thaalpparyamaayi maariyathode guslake keezhil mungananakal maari. 1952 nuu sesham 28 meter saxophone nirthalaakkukayum koninte 6 meter, 10 meter, 12 meter "aartist" seerees saxophoneukalude nirmmaana prakriyayilum designukalilum chelavu kuraykkal nadapadikal ulppeduthukayum cheythu. sii. jii. school baand upakaranangalude vipani vikasippikkunnathinum avayude upakarana lineukal vaividhyavalkkarikkunnathum koonn avarude oonnal nalki. 1956ll sii. jii. school baandukale prolsaahippikkunnathi koonn "misttar" enna peril oru chithram sponsor cheythu. bii swaabhaavikam ". avarude uthppanna niraye vaividhyavalkkarikkunnathi, sii. jii. koninu vendi klaarinettukal, obokal, basoonukal enniva nirmmikkunna newyorkkile nyoo berlin instrument kambani (1954), fluitukaludeyum klaarinettukaludeyum nirmmathaavaaya artley kambani (1959), jansen piano kambani (1964), string upakaranangalude nirmmathaavaaya sherl & roht kambani (1964) enniva koonn anubandha sthaapanangalaayi etteduthu. sii.jii. 1955ll leady ludwig, 1959ll kaal fisher retailum, 1961ll puthiya berlin upakaranavum, 1958 aayappozhekkum sii. yude pakuthiyiladhikam koonn swanthamaakki.jii. koninte vilppana varumanam avarude vaidyutha avayavangalil ninnaayirunnu. 1959 sii. jii. koonn indiaanayile madisonil oru puthiya avayava factory nirmmichu. jansen piano asthikal sii yumayi layippichu. jii. 1964ll koonn keyboardukal roopeekarikkunnathinaayi koons oorgan division.
1960ll sii. jii. arisonayile nogalessil saxophoneukal nirmmikkunna art bestt manufacturing kambani (coyin art) soukaryam koonn swanthamaakki. koonn 50 meter, 60 meter alto, tener saxophoneukal enningane vipananam cheythukondu avar avide nirmmicha vittoo designinte saxophoneukalude nirmmaanam thudarnnu, thudarnnu avarude 14 meter, 16 meter studant alto, tener saxophoneukalude uthpaadanam 1963 ll eee soukaryathilekku maatti. mattu kaattaadiyanthrangalude uthpaadanam elkhaarttil thudarnnu.
1960 kalude avasaanathil keyboard, kaatt, string instrument markkattukal ennivayile pravanathakal kandu, athu sii yeei gurutharamaayi durbalappeduthunnu. jii. koninte sthaanam. portable electronic keyboardukalude vardhichuvarunna janapreeti sii aayi vettikkuraykkukayirukayir. jii. koninte hoome oorgansinteyum piyaanokaludeyum sthaanam. jappanil ninnulla puthumukhangal kooduthal kaaryakshamamaayi uthppaadippikkunnathum uyarnna nilavaaramullathum vidyaarthikalude aavasyangalkku anusrithavumaaya uthppannangal vaagdaanam cheiyunnathumaayi vidyaarthi upakaranangalude vipani kooduthal mathsaraadhishtithamaayikkonunu. kaalaharanapetta designukalum gunanilavaaram kurayunnathum kaaranam 1950-kalil koonn saxophoneukal professional vipaniyil mathsaraadhishtithamaayirunnilla. 1960kalude avasaanathode, samanamaaya kaaranangalal avarude vidyaarthi line upakaranangal malsarakshamathayil idivundaayi. 1969 aayappozhekkum sii. jii. koonn, limittad. paapparatthatthe abhimukeekarikkukayaayirunnu.
1969 muthal 2003 vare kambani.
1969 sii. jii. koonn, limittad. crowell-collier mcmillan kambanikku paapparatthatthil vittu. 1970-ll korpparettu offeesukal illinoyisile ookku aruviyilekku maatti, koonn keyboardukal illinoyisile karol streamilake maatti, avarude piano nirmmaana pravartthanam vittu. athe varsham, jii. sii. koninte elkhaarttu nirmmaana soukaryangal selmer (usa), coachman vyavasaayangalkk vittu. braswind uthppaadanam abileen, texas ennividangalilekku maatti, marakkatt uthppaadanam arisonayile nogalukalil ninnu meksikkoyile nogalukalilekku maatti. upakaranangalude uthppaadanam parichayamillaattha executiveukal chelavu kuraykkaanulla nadapadikalaayi aarambhichathum uthppannathinte gunanilavaarathil ganyamaaya idivundaayathum jii yill avasheshichathellaam nasippikkukayum cheythu. sii. kaattil upayogikkunna upakaranangalude vipaniyil koninte prashasthi. aadhunikavalkkaricha 7 meter alto saxophone koonn avatharippichu; taamasiyaathe mattu "meksikkonukal" pole mosham gunanilavaaramulla athe prashasthi nedukayum moshamaayi vilkkukayum nirthalaakkukayum cheythu. 1970-ll koonn koonn gitaar division aarambhichu, illinoyisile ookku brookil ninnu pravartthikkukayum jappaanile tokkay gakkiyumaayi oru puthiya shabda gitaar nirmmaanathinu karar nalkukayum cheythu. jii. sii. koninte acoostic gitaar bisinesses 1978-ll avasaanichu. 1979-ll jii. sii. chila yadhaartha model electric gittaarukalude oru nirayum nilavilulla janapriya braandukalude chila pakarppukalum avatharippichu koonn valare mathsaraadhishtithamaaya electric gitaar vipaniyil praveshikkaan shramichu. (koonn gittaarukalude charithram kaanuka).
1960kalil parasya manejaraayi sevanamanushticha danielle henkinu 1980ll kambani vittu. henkin sii maatti. jii. koninte korpparettu offeesukal elkhaarttilekku madangukayum kambanikku kaatt upakaranagalil veendum shradha kendreekarikkukayum cheythu. nirthalaakkappetta parajayappetta electric gitaar samrambhavum koonn keyboardukalum kimbolinu vittu. henkin "tunait shhow" trumpettareyum bandleader doock severinsan uthppanna vikasanathinte vais presidentaayi niyamikkukayum koonn severinsen trumpetum henkin studant klaarinettum avatharippikkukayum cheythu. 1981ll henkin dablyu vaangi.tii. armstrong kambani, pullaankuzhal nirmmathaavum echu vilppanakkaranum. padinjaaran germmaniyile juuliyas kailworth kambani nirmmicha coff "branded saxophoneukal. aaa ettedukkalinushesham, keelworth upakaranangal "koonn djh modified" modalukalaayum vittu. 1983ll kambani "artley" brandinu keezhil obokaludeyum basoonukaludeyum oru vidyaarthi nira avatharippichu. athe varsham thanne, pravarthanarahithamaaya seaburg korppareshante kadakkaaril ninnu henkin ohaayoyile eestlekkile raaja samgeethopakaranangal swanthamaakki.
1985 aayappozhekkum henkin thante kambanikalkkaayi oru vaangunnayaale thedukayaayirunnu, aadyam koonn strobotooner division peettezhsan electro-myoosikkal uthppannangalkk vittu. peettezhsan tunerukalude koonn lainil sevanam thudarunnu. sweedish nikshepa sthaapanam henkinte mattu kambanikale vaangukayum 1986-ll avaa layippikkukayum arisonayile nogales aasthaanamaayi oru puthiya maathru korppareshanaaya yunaittad myoosikkal instruments (yumi) srishtikkukayum cheythu. texasile abileenile koonn braswind soukaryam (1986) ummi adachu, pichala upakaranangalude uthppaadanam eestlekkile king plaantilekku maatti. 1987ll ellah pravartthanangalum meksikkoyil ninnu maatti. artley pullaankuzhal nirmmaanam dablyu. tii. elkhaarttile amstrong soukaryavum eecha upakarana nirmmanavum meksikkoyile nogalesil ninnu arisonayile nogalesilekku maatti.
1990-ll scane grippen pankaalikaliloraalaya bernhard maskantarinu umi vittu. sangeetha upakarana bisinessil kudumba verukalulla maskantar, koonn namam bahumaanathilekku thirike konduvaraan aagrahichu, ennaal keyalverthumaayulla athinte krameekaranam aduthide thakarukayum puthiya kuranja chelavil eshyan athiraalikalulla vardhichuvarunna kaduppameriya vipani koninte sthaanam naamamaathramaayi nilanirthukayum cheythu. 2000-ll yoomi steyinve sangeetha upakaranangal vaangi, 2003 januvariyil steyinve yoomi asthikal avarude anubandha sthaapanamaaya selmer kambaniyumaayi layippichu koonn-selmer division srishtichu.
koonn rez-ooo-paadukal.
1920num 1947num idayil, ellah professional grade saxophoneukalum sii nirmmichu. jii. koonn tonholukal uruttiyirunnu. 1930kalude thudakkathil sii. jii. rolled tonholukalulla saxophoneukalil upayogikkunnathinu prathyekamaayi roopakalppana cheytha "koonn rez-ooo-paadukal" enna savishesha tharam saxophone paadu koonn vikasippichu. koonn rez-oo-paadukalkk paadinte chuttalavin chuttum thukal moodunnathinu keezhil maranjirikkunna oru aantharika loha shakthippeduthunna valayam undu. avayude ettavum sradheyamaaya savisheshatha, qee-kappinte arikiloode paadinte vyaasam vyaapikkunnu ennathaanu, athuvazhi uruttiya toonn-hole adaykkaan alpam vishalamaaya uparithala vistheernnam nalkunnu. rez-ooo-paadukalil ninnulla riim impressionukal valare kuravaanu, staanderd paadukalil ninnu vyathyasthamayi avaa "float" cheyyaan kazhiyilla. friction vazhi maathram qee-kappukalil gadippikkaan roopakalppana cheythittundenkilum, mikka saxophone repiremaar shellack allengil choodulla urukia pasha upayogichu avaye ottikkunnu. rez-ooo-paadukal sariyaaya valippathil valippam vaykkunnathu velluviliyaakam, kaaranam (0.50 millimeter valippamulla staanderd saxophone paadukalil ninnu vyathyasthamayi) avaa oru inch valuppathilulla 1/32 endukalil maathrame labhyamaakoo, athu ellaayppozhum qee-kapp vyaasavumaayi aduthu poruthappedunnilla. puthuthayi nirmmicha koonn rez-ooo-paadukal ippozhum specialist vitharanakkaaril ninnu labhyamaan, chila saxophone collectormark ishtamaanu, kaaranam avaa uruttiya tonholukal ulla vinteju saxophoneukalkku poornnamaayum aadhikaarikamaaya roopavum bhaavavum nalkunnu.jii. koonn, cohlert, kailworth ennivar nirmmichava. ennirunnaalum, uthppaadippikkunna shabdathinte gunanilavaarathekkurichu sradheyamaaya poraaymakalonnumillaathe rolled tonholukalulla (palarum cheiyunnathupole) eathu saxophonilum staanderd paadukal gadippikkaan kazhiyum.
koonn microtuner.
1922 muthal 1950 vare koonn micro tunor ennariyappedunna kazhuthil savisheshamaaya tuning upakaranamulla alto, sii-melody saxophoneukal nirmmichu."mouthu peesinte arayil opttimal vooliyam nilanirthikkondu saxophone tyoon cheyyaan anuvadikkunnathinaanu eee savisheshatha roopakalppana cheythath, angane swarabhedam undaakunnath ozhivaakkunnu. mouthu peesinte attathinaduthulla oru thread barrell niyanthrikkunna upakaranam kazhuthinte neelam krameekarikkunnu. pitch thaazhthunnathinaayi barrell edathottu thirikkukayum cheythu. pitch uyarthaan barrell valathuvashathekku thirikkunnu. aantharika samvidaanathinu adhika shucheekaranavum paripalanavum aavasyamaanennum chorchayude saadhyathayulla uravidamaanennum ulla poraaymakalode, microtunerinte intonationte gunangal praayogikathekkaal kooduthal saidhaanthikamaanennu theliyikkappettittund. valia thothil koonn altos (sii. eph.) kalii pareekshicha chila repire technicianmaar. saxovasisinte oru arbuckle.coom) micro tunor kazhuthukal illaathathil ninnu vyathyasthamaaya shabda nilavaaram nalkunnuvennu report cheyyuka. aadyakaala keylverthum mattu jarmman nirmmitha saxophoneukalilum microtunerukal undaayirunnu. 1950kall muthal, ellah puthiya saxophoneukalum pitch sariyaavunnathuvare korkkil mouthu pease valikkunnathino thallunnathino parambaraagatha tuning reethi upayogikkunnu.