loady rajavamsham

1451 muthal 1526 vare dalhi sulthaanettu bharicha oru raajavamshamaayirunnu loady rajavamsham. dalhi sulthaanettinte anchaamatheyum avasaanatheyum raajavamshamaayirunnu ithu, sayyid raajavamshathe maattisthaapichappol ballul khaan lodiyaanu ithu sthaapichathu.
bahlul loady.
sayyid bharanathethudarnnu afghan allengil turko-afghan loady rajavamsham sulthaanettu nedi. indiayile (panchab) sirhind gavarnaraayirunna malik sultan shhaa lodiyude anantharavan marumakanumaayirunnu ballul khaan lodhi (), sayyid raajavamshathinte bharanadhikaariyaaya mohammed shaayude bharanakaalathu sirhindinte govarnoraayi addehathinte pingamiyaayi. mohammed shhaa addehathe oru tharun-biinn-sultan enna padaviyilekku uyarthi. panchab thalavanmaaril ettavum shaktan oorjjaswalanaaya nethaavumaaya addeham afghan, turkey thalavanmaarude ayanja oru sakhyathe thante sakthamaaya vyakthithvathode samyojippichu. addeham pravishyakalile prakshubdharaya thalavanmaare keezhadangunnathilekku thaazhthukayum sarkkaaril kurachu oorjjam nalkukayum cheythu.
dalhiyile avasaanathe sayyid bharanadhikaariyaaya alavuddin aalam shhaa swamedhayaa addehathinu anukoolamaayi sthaanathyaagam cheythathinushesham, 1451 epril 19 nuu ballul khaan lodhi dalhi sulthaanettinte simhaasanathil kayari. addehathinte bharanathile ettavum pradhanappetta sambhavam jaunpoor sulthaanettu keezhadakkiyathaayirunnu. jaunpoor sulthaanettile shaarkhi raajavamshathinethire pooraadunnathil bahlul thante bhooribhaagam samayavum chelavazhikkukayum aathyanthikamayi athu pidichedukkukayum cheythu. addeham 1486-ll thante mootha makan barbakkine jounpoorinte simhaasanathil iruthi. shaarkkikal bihaarinte niyanthranatthil thudarnnu, avideninnu avar jaunpoor veendum kaivashappedutthi, pakshe veendum biharilekku pinthirippikkappettu.
secunder khaan loady.
1489 juulai 17 nuu addehathinte maranashesham addehathinte pingamiyaayi vanna bahlulinte randaamathe makanaaya secunder khaan lodhi (nissam khaan) "secunder shhaa" enna padavi etteduthu.
addehathinte pithaav addehathe thante pingamiyaayi naamanirddesham cheyyukayum 1489 juulai 15 nuu sulthaanaayitheerukayum 1504 ll addeham agra sthaapikkukayum pallikal nirmmikkukayum cheythu. addeham thalasthaanam dalhiyil ninnu aagrayilekku maatti. addeham vyaapaaratheyum vaanijyatheyum samrakshichu. guruvinte thoolikaanaamathil rachicha prashastha kaviyayirunnu addeham. padanatthinte rakshaadhikaariyaayirunna addeham vaidyashaasthrathile samskritha kruthikalude pershyan vivarthanathinum utharavittu. addeham thante pashthoon prabhukkanmaarude vyakthivaada pravanathakale niyanthrikkukayum avarude akkoundukal oru samsthaana oodittil samarppikkaan avare nirbandhikkukayum cheythu. angane bharanathil oorjjavum achadakkavum ulavakkaan addehathinu kazhinju. shaarkkikalil ninnu bihar pidichedukkukayum pidichedukkukayum cheythathaayirunnu addehathinte ettavum valia nettam.
samgharshathilum samaadhaanathilum shethrangal nasippikkaanulla aagraham sikandarinu anubhavapettu. prashastha muslim rakthasakshiyaaya masood saalarinte kunthatthinte vaarshika ghoshayaathrayum addeham nirodhichu, athesamayam musleem sthreekale musleem vishudharude shavakudeerangale aaraadhikkunnathil ninnu vilakki. islaamumaayi thaarathamyappeduthumbol thante vishwaasathinte thulyatha pulartthiyirunna oru braahmanane vadhikkan secunder anuvadichu.
ibrahim lodhi.
sikandarinte mootha makanaaya ibrahim khaan lodhi () dalhiyile avasaanathe loady sultaanaayirunnu. oru mikacha yodhaavinte gunangal addehathinundaayirunnu, pakshe addeham thante theerumaanangalilum pravarthanangalilum thidukkavum nayathanthravirudhathayum kaanichirunnu. rajakeeya samboornnathaykkulla addehathinte sramam akaalamaayirunnu, bharanam shakthippeduthunnathinum sainika vibhavangal vardhippikkunnathinumala nadapadikalumaayi sahakarikkathe addehathinte samboornna adichamarthal nayam paraajayamaanennu urappaayirunnu. 
ibrahim niravadhi kalapangal neridukayum oru pathittaandolam prathipakshatthe akattinirthukayum cheythu. thante bharanakaalathu bhooribhaagavum afgaankaarumaayum themurid saamraajyavumaayum addeham yudhathil earppedukayum loady raajavamshathe unmoolanam cheiyunnathil ninnu thadayaan shramichu marikkukayum cheythu. 1526-ll paanippath yudhathil ibrahim parajayappettu. ithu lodhi raajavamshathinte avasaanatheyum baabarinte neethrthwathilulla indiayile mugal saamraajyathinte uyarchayeyum adayaalappeduthi.
saamraajyathinte pathanam.
ibrahim simhaasanathil kayarumbozhekkum, upekshikkappetta vyapara paathakalum khajanaavum kaaranam loady raajavamshathile rashtreeya ghadana illaathaayi. decan oru theeradesha vyapara paathayaayirunnu, ennaal pathinanjaam noottaandinte avasaanathil vitharana lineukal thakarnnu. eee prathyeka vyapara paathayude thakarchayum aathyanthika parajayavum loady saamrajyam thaamasichirunna theerathu ninnu ulpradeshathekkulla vitharanam nirtthivaykkaan kaaranamaayi. vyapara pathakalil yuddham pottippurappettal loady raajavamshathin svayam samrakshikkaan kazhinjilla; athinaal, avar aaa vyapara pathakal upayogichilla, athinaal avarude vyapaaram kuranju, athupole avarude treasury avare aabhyanthara rashtreeya prashnangalkk irayaakki. 
ibrahim cheytha apamaanagalkk prathikaram cheiyunnathinaayi, lahorile govarnor daulathu khaan lodhi kaaboolile themurid bharanadhikaariyaaya babarinode thante raajyam akramikkaan aavasyappettu. pinneedu ibrahim lodhi babarumaayulla yudhathil paanippath yudhathil (1526) kollappettu. ibrahim lodiyude maranathode loady rajavamshavum avasaanikkukayum upabhookhandathil mugal saamrajyam sthaapikkunnathilekku nayikkukayum cheythu.
afghan vibhageeyatha.
1517ll simhaasanathil kayariyappol ibrahim neritta mattoru prashnam pashthoon prabhukkanmarayirunnu, avaril chilar jonpooril kizhakk bhaagath sahodaranethire aayudangal edukkunnathil ibraahiminte mootha sahodaran jalaluddine pinthunachu. ibrahim sainika pinthuna shekharikkukayum varshaavasaanathode thante sahodarane paraajayappedutthukayum cheythu. eee sambhavathin sesham, thanne ethirtha pashthoon prabhukkanmaare addeham arast cheyyukayum swantham aalukale puthiya bharanadhikaarikalaayi niyamikkukayum cheythu. mattu pashthoon prabhukkanmaar beehar gavarnaraaya dariya khaane ibraahiminethire pinthunachu.
ibraahiminethire kalaapathin kaaranamaaya mattoru ghadakam addehathinte vyakthamaaya pingamiyude abhavamaayirunnu. swantham ammavan aalam khaan mugal akramanakaariyaaya babarine pinthunachukondu ibraahimine vanchichu.
rajput adhiniveshangalum aabhyanthara kalaapangalum.
mevaarile rajput nethaavaaya raana sanga thante raajyam vipuleekarikkukayum dalhiyile loady raajaavine paraajayappedutthukayum ellah rajput vamshangalum raajputhaanayile pramukha rajakumaaranaayi amgeekarikkukayum cheythu. ibrahim lodiyil ninnu prathikaram cheiyunnathinekkurichu chinthichukondu panchab mekhalayile gavarnaraaya daulathu khaan babarinode loady raajyam akramikkaan aavasyappettu. ibrahim lodiye paraajayappeduthunnathin babarinu raana sanga thante pinthuna vaagdaanam cheythu.
1526-leeii paanippath yuddham.
panchab gavarnaraaya aalam khaanteyum daulathu khaanteyum sahakaranm urappaya sesham babber thante sainyathe shekharichu. panchab samathalangalil praveshichappol, baabarinte pradhana sakhyakakshikalaya lunger khaan niyasi, shaktharaaya janjuva rajaputhranmaare thante adhiniveshathil ulppeduthaan babarine upadeshichu. dalhi simhaasanathodulla gothratthinte vimatha nilapad ellaavarkkum ariyamaayirunnu. avarude thalavanmaraya malik hasth (asad), rajaa sanghar khaan ennivare kandumuttya babber, avarude raajyathinte parambaraagatha bharanadhikaarikal enna nilayil janjuvayude janapreethy hindukal keezhadakkiya samayat thante pithavaaya ameer timoorinu avar nalkia poorvvika pinthunayum paraamarshichu. 1521ll avarude sathrukkalaaya gakhaarukale paraajayappeduthaan babber avare sahayichu, angane avarude sakhyam urappichu. dalhikkayulla thante prachaaranatthilum ranasamgayude keezhadakkalilum indian adhiniveshathilum babber avare generalukalaayi niyamichu.
thokkukalude puthiya upayogam cheria sainyangale shatru pradeshathu valia nettamundaakkaan anuvadichu. shathrukkalude sthaanangalum thanthrangalum pareekshikkaan maathramaayi ayacha cheria samghattanangal indiayilekku nuzhanjukayarukayayirunnu. ennirunnaalum, babber rund kalaapangale athijeevichu, onnu kaandahaarilum mattonn kaaboolilum, praadeshika paarambaryangal pinthudarnnu vidhavakaleyum anathareyum sahayikkukayum vijayangalkk sesham praadeshika janataye samaadhaanippikkaan shradhikkukayum cheythu.
iruvarum sunni musleengalaayirunnenkum babarinu ibraahiminte adikaaravum pradeshavum venamaayirunnu. babber 24,000 peradangunna sainyavum thokkukalum peerankikalum upayogichu paanippatthile yudhakkalathilekku march cheythu. 1, 00, 000 aalukaleyum (nannayi aayudhadhaarikalaaya ennaal thokkukalillaatha) 1,000 aanakaleyum shekharichukondu ibrahim yudhathinu thayyaaredutthu. kaalaharanapetta kaalalppadayum aabhyanthara sathruthayum kaaranam ibrahim oru poraaymayilaayirunnu. addehathinu kooduthal purushanmaar undaayirunnengilum, addeham orikkalum vedimarunnu aayudhangalkkethire yuddham cheythitilla, thanthraparamaayi enthaanu cheyyendathennu ariyillaayirunnu. babber thudakkam muthal thanne thante nettamundaakkukayum 1526 eprilil 20,000 aalukalodoppam ibrahim yudhakkalathil kollappedukayum cheythu.
babarinteyum mugalmaarudeyum sthaanaarohanam.
ibraahiminte maranashesham babber alam khaane (ibraahiminte ammavan) simhaasanathil ealppikkunnathinuparam, ibraahiminte pradeshathinmel chakravarty ennu svayam namakaranam cheythu. ibraahiminte maranam loady raajavamshathinte avasaanathe adayaalappeduthukayum indiayil mugal saamrajyam sthaapikkunnathilekku nayikkukayum cheythu. bakkiyulla loady pradeshangal puthiya mugal saamraajyathil ulppeduthi. babber sainika pracharanangalil thudarnnu.
mahmoud loady.
ibrahim lodiyude sahodaran mahmoud loady svayam sultan aayi prakhyapikkukayum mugal senaye cherukkunnathu thudarukayum cheythu. 1527-leeii khaanva yudhathil addeham ekadesham 4,000 afghan sainikare raana sangaykku nalki. aaa paraajayathinu sesham, mahmoud loady kizhakode palayanam cheyyukayum rund varshathinu sesham 1529-leeii ghagra yudhathil babarinu veendum velluvili uyarthukayum cheythu.
mathavum vaasthuvidya.
thangalude mungaamikaleppole, lodhi sultaanmaarum abbazid khaleefakalude prathinidhikalayi svayam roopappeduthukayum angane musleem lokathinmel oru ekeekritha khaleefayude adikaaram amgeekarikkukayum cheythu. avar kyash stipend nalkukayum musleem ulamakalkkum soofi "sheikkukalkkum", muhammadinte pingaamikalkkum addehathinte khuraish gothratthile amgangalkkum (muzhuvan graamangalum ulppede) varumaana rahita bhoomi nalkukayum cheythu.
lodikalil muslim prajakal mathaparamaya yogyathaykku sakat nikuthi adaykkukayum muslingalallaathavar samsthaana samrakshanam labhikkunnathin jisia nikuthi adaykkukayum cheythirunnu. sulthaanettinte chila bhaagangalil hindukkal adhika theerthaadana nikuthi adaykkendivannu. ennirunnaalum, niravadhi hindu udyogasthar sulthaanettinte ravanyoo bharanathinte bhaagamaayirunnu.
oru hinduvaayirunna ammayaya secunder loady, rashtreeya prayojanamenna nilayil thante islaamika yogyatha theliyikkaan sakthamaaya sunni yaadhaasthithikatha avalambichu. addeham hindu shethrangal nasippikkukayum ulamakalude sammarddathethudarnnu hindu matham islam pole sathyasandhamaanennu prakhyaapicha oru braahmanane vadhikkan anuvadikkukayum cheythu. musleem sanyaasimaarude massaarukal (shavakudeerangal) sandarshikkunnathil ninnu addeham sthreekale vilakkukayum itihaasa muslim rakthasakshiyaaya salar masoodinte kunthatthinte vaarshika ghoshayaathra nirodhikkukayum cheythu. ganyamaaya muslim janasamkhyayulla niravadhi pattanangalil addeham shariat kodathikal sthaapikkukayum musleengalkkum amuslim prajakalkkum islaamika niyamam nadappakkaan khaasikale praaptharaakkukayum cheythu.

