aagola paristhithi bharanam

aadil najam, mihela pappa, naada tayab ennivar ezhuthiya pusthakatthinte peraanu aagola paristhithi bharanam. eee lekhanathile ellah vivarangalum eee pusthakatthil ninnaan.
aamukham.
aagola paristhithi samrakshana prakriyakale niyanthrikkunna samghadanakal, naya upakaranangal, dhanakaarya samvidaanangal, niyamangal, nadapadikramangal, maanadandangal ennivayude aakethukayaan aagola paristhithi bharanam (geg). aagola paristhithi bharanathinte falaprapti aathyanthikamayi aagola, aabhyanthara thalangalil nadappaakkunnathine ashrayichirikkum. geg samvidaanathinte falapraapthikkum ardhavathaaya paaristhithika mechappeduthalukalkkum deseeya nadappakkalaanu aathyanthika thacol.
thacol thudakkathil paristhithi prasnangal anthaaraashtra ajandayil praveshichathumuthal, aagola paristhithi raashtreeyavum nayangalum athivegam vikasichukondirikkukaya. 1972ll stockhomil nadanna paristhithiyekkurichulla aadyathe aagola sammelanam moonnu pathittaandukalude charchaykkum charchakalkkum anthaaraashtra paristhithi karaarukalude oru parambarayude amgeekaarathinum thudakkamittu.
stockholm konfarans aikyaraashtrasabhayude paristhithi padhathikku kaaranamaayi. 20 varshathinusesham reoyil nadanna bhouma uchakodi, jaivavaividhyam, kalavastha vyathiyaanam, marubhoomivalkkaranam ennivayekkurichulla kanvenshanukal konduvarikayum susthira vikasanathinayulla kammeeshan enna mattoru yuu. enn. rashtreeya sthaapanam srishtikkukayum cheythu. oru abhimaanakaramaaya anthaaraashtra sthaapanathinu aathidheyathvam vahikkaanulla aagraham eee karaarukalil palathinteyum cheruthum kuranja dhanasahayamullathumaaya sekratteriyattukal bhoomishaasthraparamaayi vaividhyamaarnna niravadhi veedukalil-montriyal muthal boonn vare roome vare, athinidayilulla chila sthalangal enniva kandethanulla theerumaanangalilekku nayichu. locabank, loka vyapara samghadana thudangiya pradhana sthaapanangal susthira vikasanamaan thangalude pradhana lakshyamenn avakaashappedunnu. paristhithi, susthira vikasana aashankakalude kaaryatthil anthaaraashtra, praadeshika sthaapanangalilum samanamaaya thaalpparya valarcha kaanapedunnu.
anthaaraashtra paristhithi pravarthanangalkkulla onniladhikam dhanasahaya srothassukal ippol labhyamaan. vividha samghadanakalude pravartthana bajattukal mathramalla, nirddishta udambadikalkko pothuvekko roopeekaricha prathyeka dhanasahaya samvidaanangalum ithil ulppedunnu. udaaharanathinu, 1991ll srishticha aagola paristhithi soukaryam (gef) njangalkk 4.8 bilyan dollar padhathikalkku dhanasahayam nalkukayum 15.6 bilyan dollar saha-dhanasahayam srishtikkukayum cheythu.
paristhithi naashatthinte thelivukal.
sahasraabda aavaasavyavasthayude vilayiruthalum kalavastha vyathiyanathekkurichulla anthar gavanmental paanalinte pravartthanavum, aavaasavyavasthayude thakarchayum aagolathapanavum thudarunnuvennu kaanikkunnu, ithu nammude grahathinu yadhaartha apakadangale prathinidheekarikkunnu.
sahasraabda aavaasavyavastha vilayiruthalil (2006) eee avastha nannayi rekhappeduthiyittundu. udaaharanathinu, aagola kalavastha vyathiyanathekkurichulla kadutha charchakalkkidayilum, kaarban udvamanam vardhichukondirikkunu; 1900 kalude thudakkathil dashalakshathil 300 bhagangal (ppm) ayirunna aagola anthareeksha nila ippol ekadesham 380 ppmil ethi. sahasraabda aavaasavyavasthayude vilayiruthalil athu parishodhicha aavaasavyavasthakalil ekadesham 60 sathamaanavum onnukil tharamthaazhthappedukayo susthiramaayi upayogikkappedukayo cheiyunnuvennum kandethi. 1980 muthal lokathile kandalkkaadukalude 35 sathamaanavum nashtappedukayum lokathile vilayeriya pavizhapputtukalude 20 sathamaanavum nasippikkappedukayum cheythu. jaivavaividhya kanvenshan oppittu oru pathittaand kazhinjittum manushyarude swaadheenamillaathe jeevivargangalude vamshanasha nirakk swaabhaavikamaayi sambhavikkunnathinekkaal 1,000 madangu kooduthalaanu. dussen kanakkinu aagola, praadeshika malsyabandhana udambadikal undaayirunnittum, samudrangalile valia vettakkaarude motham bhaaratthinte 90 sathamaanavum-tyoona, sraavukal, waldfish enniva kazhinja eathaanum pathittaandukalaayi aprathyakshamaayi. oro varshavum namukk ippozhum 150,000 chathurashra kilometer vanam nashtappedumennu kanakkukal soochippikkunnu.
abhinethaakkal.
aikyaraashtrasabhayude samvidaanathinullile pravartthanangalude vaividhyathinte alavu, paristhithiye eathenkilum vidhathil badhikkunna pravartthanangal, "sisttam-wide inter-ejansi ekopanam vardhippikkunnathinaayi" yuu. enn sekrattari general sthaapicha yuu. enn. enn. envayonmental maanejment groupil (iii. emm. jii) amgathvam, athinte amgathvathil "yuu. enn. sisttathinte prograamukal, avayavangal, prathyeka ejansikal, bahurashtra paristhithi karaarukalude ellah sekratteriyattukalum" enniva ulppedunnu. eee samghadanakal oronninum oru nirddishta paaristhithika utharavumundu, palathum paristhithi pravartthanangal nirddishtamaakkiyittundu. eee groupile amgathvam ippozhum apoornnavum ennaal aakarshakavumaya oru chithram nalkunnu, aagola paristhithi bharanathe swaadheenikkunna abhinethaakkalude vishalatha.

