
cotsacoalcos nadhi

pradhaanamaayum veracruz samsthaanathinte thekk bhaagathe jalasechanam nadathunna oru valia nadiyaanu cotsacoalcos; ithu siyara dii niltepekkil ninnu uthbhavich tehuwantepec isthmas mekhalayile ooksaakka samsthaanam kadannu meksikoo ulkkadalilekku ozhukunnu. ell courte, sarabia, jaltepec, chalchijalpa, ell chikvitto, ukspanappa, kalsadas ennivayaanu poshakanadikal. eee nadikalude layanam eee mekhalayile ettavum valia pravaahangalilonn srishtikkunnu. moonnil rund bhaagavum neerchaalukalkku sanjarikkaavunnavayaanu.
1518-ll juvan dii grijalvayude paryaveshanatthil nadikku neridendi vannu. oru saadhyamaaya thuramukhamaayi nadhi paryavekshanam cheyyaan hernan courtus deego dii oordasine ayachu.
charithram.
meksikkoyile ettavum pradhanappetta nadikalilonnaanu cotsacoalcos nadhi. eee nadiyude ettavum pazhaya bhoopadam 1580-ll francisco gallie varachathaan. pathinaram noottaandinte avasana paadatthil puthiya speyinil nirmmicha mikka bhoopadangalil ninnum vyathyasthamayi, eee bhoopadam poornnamaayum europian shailiyilullathum oru nottikkal chaarttine oru paridhivare oormmippikkunnathumaanu. bhoopadatthinte vishakalanam soochippikkunnathu athu thidukkathilaanu nirmmichathennaanu. doorangalile pishakukalum ippozhum nireekshikkaavunna niravadhi thiruthalukalum eee anumaanathe pinthunaykkunnu. oru paryavekshakanum naavikarum enna nilayil francisco gallick eee pradeshatthinte ettavum pradhanappetta vashath kooduthal thaalpparyamundennu thonnunnu tehuwantepec kadalidukkiloode vadakkan kadalineyum thekkan kadalineyum bandhippikkanulla saadhyatha. eee kaaryatthil, nadiye oru anthar mahasamudra paathayaayi upayogikkunnathinulla saadhyatha kaanikkunnathinaayi cotsacoalcosinte bhoopadam varaykkappedumaayirunnu.
ithihaasam.
aithihyamanusarichu, mesoamerican devanaaya kvettsaalkott oru sarppathinte tholi kondu nirmmicha oru raafttil sanjarikkukayum chakravaalatthilekku nashtappedunnathuvare sanjarikkukayum cheythu. annumuthal, nadhi cotsacoalcos ennariyappedunnu, athaayath nahuvathalil "sarppam olichirikkunna sthalam" ennaanu ardham.
thuramukham.
nadiyude mukhathulla cotsacoalcos nagaram, ettavum vaanijyaparavum vyaavasaayikavalkkarikkuppadu thuramukhangalilonnaanu, meksikoo ulkkadalile moonnaamathe ettavum pradhaanappettathaayi kanakkaakkappedunnu, ithu oru anthaaraashtra vaanijyathinulla ettavum pradhanappetta gathagatha maargangalilonnaanu, athinte uthppannangal praadeshika vyaavasaayika kaarshika bisinesses, vanavalkkaranam, pothuve tehuvaantepekkinte isthmasinu vaanijyathil pradhaanamaan.
malineekaranam.
pothujalam samrakshikkunna paaristhithika niyamangalude abhavam kaaranam lokathile ettavum malinamaaya nadikalilonnaanu cotsacoalcos. meksikkan sentar oof envayonmental loow (semda) anusarichu ettavum valia malineekarana ghadakam meksikoo pemexinte petrochemical vyavasaayamaan.

