
ooppareshan pyrsos

greak aabhyantharayudhasamayathu communist shakthikalkkethire anthaaraashtrathalathil amgeekarikkappetta greak gavanmentinte deseeya sainyam aarambhicha avasana prachaaranamaayirunnu ooppareshan pyrsos (, "torch"). muun ooppareshan piraavosinte vijayathinushesham, madhya greasile communist sakthikal paraajayappedukayum vadakkupadinjaaran greasile gramosinteyum vitsinteyum parvatha shakthikendrangal maathrame avarude niyanthranathilundaayirunnu. 1949 februvariyil tittoo-staalin vibhajanathinidayil kammyoonistukaarkkul yugoslavian sahayam avasaanichu. deseeya sainyam gramosine avarude pradhana senaykkum nere vitsiyil oru vazhithirichuvidal akramanam nadatthi. august 25nuu, vimaanangalum peerankikalum upayogichu deseeya sainyam nadatthiya vann aakramanathethudarnnu, enver hoxayude albanian sarkkar greak communist senakalkkulla sahayam nirthalaakki; addeham thante pradeshathe greak kammyoonistukale niraayudheekarikkaan sramichilla, pakshe avar greasylake madangiyethiyaal bhakshya vitharanam nirthalaakkumennu bheeshanippedutthi. august 30nuu ooppareshan avasaanichu. greak kammyoonistukaar october pakuthiyode audyogikamaayi keezhadangi, greak aabhyantharayudham avasaanippichu.
pashchaathalam.
greak aabhyantharayudhathinte avasaanathode, munbu greak communist vimathare pinthunaykkukayum vitharanam cheyyukayum cheythirunna soviyatt union, sathamaanam kararinu anusrithamaayi vimatharkulla ellah varaanirikkunna vitharanangalum nirtthi. eee neekkam greak communist vimathare durbalaraakkukayum 1949 joolaiyil yugoslavia vimatharkulla pinthuna pinvalichathinushesham, greak sarkkar senaykkethire adhinivesham nadathaanulla avarude eaka surakshita thaavalam albeniyayilaayirunnu. greak-albanian athirthikkaduthulla leskovic oru kaalaghattatthil greak communist vimatharude aasthaanamaayi maari, oru pariseelana vitharana kendravum greak communist garillakalkulla medical soukaryangalum avarude dauthyangal poorthiyaayikkazhinjaal albaniayilekku madangivarum.
eee kaalayalavil, britiish, franch sarkkarukal greak sainyam albaniayilekku neengaan thayyaaredukkukayaanennu aabhyantharamaayi report cheythu. deseeya senaykkethire peerankikalum mortar vedivayppum nadathunna greak pakshakkaarkk pilkkala sainikar eaka thaavalam nalki.
athesamayam, albeniyayumaayulla bandham saadhaarana nilayilakkaanulla charchakal greak sarkkar nadathukayaayirunnu. maruvashathu, albaniayil greak communist garillakalkulla pinthuna vardhichukondirunnu. garillakalkulla saambathika sahayam ithinakam 6,30,000 lekkukaliladhikamaanennu 1948 januvari 3 nuu radio tirana report cheythu. oru radio steshan sthaapikkaanum albanian sarkkar avare anuvadichu. sarkkar niyantritha albanian pathrangalum radio sevanavum garillakalk vendi pathivayi vaarthakalum appeelukalum purappeduvichirunnu. thattikkondupoya greekkukalkkaayi albania elbaasanil oru thadankalppaalayavum sthaapichu. 1948 august 20-leeii oru sambhavathil, albanian athirthikkaduthu greak sarkkar sainyam marcos vafiyaadisinte sayudha samghathe aakramichu. ennirunnaalum, albanian athirthi kaavalkkaarude vediyuthirthu pinmariya sesham maathramaan addeham rakshappettath.
grettu brittan america albeniyaykkethiraaya aakramanathe ethirthu. athinaal greak sarkkar sainyam albaniayilekku pinvaangunna communist garillakale maathrame pinthudarnnulloo. greak unitukal athirthi kadannu eathaanum kilometerukal neengukayum albanian athirthi patrollingumaayi idaykkide ettumuttukayum cheythu.
ooppareshan gattangal.
pyrsos I (august 2-8).
aadya ghattathil, janaadhipathya sainyathinte shradha thirikkukayum deseeya sainyathinte pradhana akramanam avide nadakkumennu chinthikkaan anuvadikkukayum cheiyunnathinaayi gramos pradeshathu idaykkide vanjanaaparamaaya akramanangal nadatthuka ennathaayirunnu padhathi; angane athinte bhooribhaagam sainyatheyum orotta sthalathekku thaazheyidunnu.
1949 august 2nuu pularche aarambhicha pyrsos I nadappakkunnathinulla sainyathinte vinyaasam aarr divasam neenduninna aaa ooppareshanil deseeya sainyathin gramosil chila pradhana pooyintukal kaivashappeduthaan kazhinju, avaa pinneedu pyrsos III-ll upayogichu. august 8nuu pirzos onnaaman athinte uddeshyam niravetti. janaadhipathya sainyathinte bhaagathuninnu poraadiya "noom-dii-gyoore" kisavos ennum ariyappedunna jorjis blanas, ooppareshante eee ghattathekkurichu thaazhepparayunna karyangal ezhuthi
pyrsos II (august 10-15).
grettu brittan america albeniyaykkethiraaya aakramanathe ethirthu. athinaal greak sarkkar sainyam albaniayilekku pinvaangunna communist garillakale maathrame pinthudarnnulloo. greak unitukal athirthi kadannu eathaanum kilometerukal neengukayum albanian athirthi patrollingumaayi idaykkide ettumuttukayum cheythu. august 10 aayappozhekkum lefttanant general thrasivolos sakalottosinte neethrthwathilulla greak sainyathinte aii armi corpsinu kanatha kottayulla 375 chathurashra mile parvatha vitsi sectorilekku tirian kazhinju. oru ghattathil communist garillakalk albanian sainyavum pinthuna nalkiyirunnu.
vitsi pidichedukkukayum avideyulla janaadhipathya sainyathinte shakthikale nirveeryamaakkukayum cheyyuka ennathaayirunnu deseeya sainyathinte lakshyam. graamosinte pradeshathu pirzos I avasaanichu rund divasathinu sesham vitsikkethiraaya akramanam aarambhichu, ithu vishalamaaya pravartthanatthinte kaathalaayirunnu. 17 brigedukalulla aarr sainika divisionukalum laitt infantry 9 battaaliyanukalum 110 peeranki thokkukalum niravadhi taankukalum kavachitha vaahanangalum 87 vimaanangalum pinthunachaayirunnu akramanam. vitsiye prathirodhikkunna janaadhipathya sainyathinte senayil rund divisionukal, rund brigedukal, 45 parvatha thokkukal, 15 vimana virudha thokkukal, 27 tank virudha thokkukal enniva ulppettirunnu. deseeya sainyathinte thokkukalkku athicheraan kazhiyaatha kaaryamaaya kottakalum avarkkundaayirunnu, athinakathu oru ethir aakramana utharavu nalkunnathuvare prathirodham nilanirthaan avarodu utharavittu.
vitsi, oru munvashamenna nilayil, moonnu mekhalakalaayi thirichirikkunnu; "maalii-maddy" parvathanirakaliloode albaniayumaayi athirthi pankidunna valath bhagam, "blena-vonda" parvathanirakaliloode yoogoslaaviyayumaayi athirthi pankidunna madhyavum idathum. ettavum durbalamaaya mekhala kendramaayirunnu, kaaranam athinu oru pothu rooad undaayirunnu, athu marikadannu vaahanangalkk athicheraan kazhiyum. eee roadle ninnu 1949 august 10 nuu janaadhipathya sainyathinte senakal kanatha vyomakramanathinum peeranki vedivayppinum munbu kadinamaayi akramikkappettu; srishticha vidavil ninnu 11-aamm armi division parvatha aakramanakaarikalude oru kambaniyum kadannupoyi, avar janaadhipathya sainyathinte senayude thekk bhaagathekku "sookka" enna sthaanathu munneri. thalphalamaayi, vitsiyile janaadhipathya sainyathinte sakthikal rund bhagangalaayi vibhajikkapettu.
1949 august 12nuu deseeya sainyathinte oru puthiya munnettam nadannu. moonnaamathe special fozhsu division janaadhipathya sainyathe cheruthum valuthumaaya prespa thadakangalkkidayil cheria pyxos upadveepilekku pinwangan nirbandhitharaakki; athesamayam deseeya sainyathinte vyomasenayude akramanangal avarkk kanatha naashanashtangal varuthi. thadaakangalil ninnu sainyam pyxosil landing ooppareshanukal aarambhichu. athinusesham, vitsiyile janaadhipathya sainyathinte sakthikal nirashaajanakamaaya avasthayilaayirunnu, 1949 august raathriyil avar pinvaangukayum albanian pradeshathu abhayam thedukayum cheythu.
kanatha nashtam undaayirunnittum janaadhipathya sainyam chittayode pinwangi. ekadesham 2,500 poraalikalkku vitsiyil ninnu akannu gramosil kadakkaan kazhinju; avide avarude sheshikkunna sainyathe shakthippeduthi. ennirunnaalum, avarude nashtam kanathathaayirunnu; vitsiyude pathanathode janaadhipathya sainyathe poornnamaayum unmoolanam cheyyuka enna yadhaartha lakshyam parajayappettathinaal deseeya sainyam athinte aayudangalum samkhyaaparamaaya menmayum poornnamaayum prayojanappedutthiya oreyoru udaaharanamaayirunnu ithu. deseeya sainyathinte general staaf medhavi avarude rakshappedal sainyathinte parajayamaayi kanakkakki, athinaalaan addeham chodyam cheyyalinu utharavittathu. moonnu divisionukalileyum rund brigedukalileyum randaam armi corpsileyum commandermaare maattisthaapikkuka ennathaayirunnu phalam.
pyrsos II samayat deseeya sainyathin kaaryamaaya nashtamundaayi. athaayath, 256 sainikarum udyogastharum kollappedukayum 1,336 perkku parikkelkkukayum cheythu. janaadhipathya sainyathin 1,182 perr kollappedukayum 637 thadavukaar, 40 feeld, moundan thokkukal, 33 aanti tank thokkukal, 16 aanti aircraft thokkukal, 115 mortaarukal, mattu cheria aayudangal enniva nashtappettu.
pyrsos III (august <aii. dii. 1>).
moonnaamatheyum avasaanatheyum ghattam nirnnayaka aakramanathiloode graamosinte pradesham pidichedukkuka, janaadhipathya sainyathinte sheshikkunna shakthikale nirveeryamaakkuka, albeniyayilekkulla avarude rakshappedal thadayuka enniva lakshyamakki.
vitsiyude pathanathinushesham, greasil avasheshichirunna janaadhipathya sainyathinte avasaanathe shakthikendramaayirunnu gramos, avide avarude sheshikkunna ellah sainyangalum othukoodi. anchu armi divisionukal, oru swatantra brigade, naalu laitt infentry rejimentukal, 120 peeranki thokkukal, parukkan bhoopradeshathinu anuyojyamaaya dhaaraalam kavachitha vahanangal, nappel bombukal sajjeekaricha heldiver dive bomberukal upayogichu shakthippeduthiya muzhuvan vyomasena, lefttanant general thrasivolos sacalotos aadyamaayittaanu atharam bombukal upayogikkunnathu.
ippol pakshapathaparamaaya yudhathil earppettirikkunna sakalottosinte sainyam, ayalrajyamaaya vitsiyil ninnu rakshapetta 2,500 poraalikal ulppede ekadesham 8,000 janaadhipathya sainika poraalikale (purushanmaarum sthreekalum) vyaakaranathil nerittu. ennirunnaalum, janaadhipathya sainyathinte senakal mosham aayudangalum vitharanavum ullavayaayirunnu, koodaathe karuthal shekharathinte abhavam kaaranam munnirayil avarude thudarchayaaya saannidhyathil ninnu maduthu. eee yuddham vimatharkk maarakamaakumenn pratheekshichirunnu; deseeya sainyathinte akramanangalil ninnum oduvil thirichuvaravinum vimatharkk kazhinja athe pradeshathe 1947lum 1948lum sthithi valare vyathyasthamaayirunnuvenna vyakthamaayirunnu. maruvashathu nicos sachariadis shubhaapthivishvaasathode thudaraan sramikkukayum inipparayunnava purappeduvikkukayum cheythu
1949 august 25 nuu athiraavile deseeya sainyathinte senayodu avarude lakshyangalkethire neengaanum pyrsos III nte padhathi nadappilakkaanum general sacalotos utharavittu. aakramanathinte thudakkam oru utsava swabhaavathe sweekarichu. king polum american lefttanant general jaims vaan fleettum grammosile ammouda mekhalayile oru prathyeka soukaryakendrathilekku sacalotos kshanichu, avide ninnu avar sainika binocularukal upayogichu deseeya sainyathinte aakramanathinte thudarchayaaya tharamgangal kandu.
august 26nuu deseeya sainyathin ganyamaaya nashtam ozhivakkaan kazhinju, kaaranam athinte onpathaam division greak-albanian athirthiyil janaadhipathya sainyathinte prathirodharekhaye marikadannu. onpathaam division, vimatharude pinbhaagathekku munnerukayum gramos mekhalayile greak, albania pradeshangal thammilulla aashayavinimayathinte pradhana kavaadamaaya "porta oosmaan" crossing kaivashappeduthukayum cheythu.
albaniayilekku oru swatantra paatha koodi undaayirunnu; "baaraa" crossing. onpathaam division greak-albanian athirthi uparodhikkaan thudangiyappol, janaadhipathya sainyathinte aasthaanam thangalude sainyathe gramosil kudukkanulla apakadam manassilakkukayum greak-albanian athirthi kadannu bakkiyulla "baara" kadakkunnathil ninnu albaniayil abhayam thedaan utharavidukayum cheythu. demookratik aarmiyude commander georgios gausiyaas thaazhepparayunna vivaranam nalkki
athe raathriyil, greak-albanian athirthiyilekku munneriya deseeya sainyathinte vijayikalaaya sainyam, greasin albaniaykkum edayilulla athirthi verthirikkunnathinayi athinte muzhuvan neelatthilum valia theekoluthi. aagast 30nuu, gramosil janaadhipathya sainyathinte avasaanathe shakthikendramaaya "camenic" enna kodumudi veenu.
pyrsos III samayat deseeya sainyathil 243 perr kollappedukayum 1,452 perkku parikkelkkukayum cheythappol janaadhipathya sainyathin 922 poraalikale nashtappedukayum 944 perr pidikkappedukayum cheythu. 17 parvatha thokkukal, 15 vimana virudha thokkukal, 8 tank virudha thokkukal enniva ozhike, parikkettavarum avarude sainika upakaranangalum eduthukondu randaamathethu purappettu; ellaam deseeya sainyam shekharichu.
graamosinteyum vitsiyudeyum pathanathinusheshavum, sthaapanathe bheeshanippeduthaan kazhivullathayi kanakkakkaan kazhiyaatha chila vimatharude chitharikkidakkunna pokkattukal greasil undaayirunnu. deseeya sainyathinte general staafinte kanakkukal prakaram, 1949 septambaril greasiludaneelam 2,150 vimathar undaayirunnu, avar pala pala palayanam kaaranam kramena kurayukayaayirunnu. octoberil 1,750 umm novemberil 1,270 umm aayi kanakkakkappettu. 1949 disambarode vimathar 800 aayi kuranju. 1950 ll parvathangalil ippozhum chila aayudhadhaarikal undaayirunnu, ithu aaa varshathe sainyathinte naashanashtangalekkurichula audyogika kanakkukal soochippikkunnu. 1949 october 16nuu, thaalkkaalika janaadhipathya sarkkaarinte (greak communist party prakhyaapicha bharanakoodam) presidentaayi demetrios partsalidis radioyil sathrutha avasanichathaayi prakhyaapichu
anantharafalangal.
1949leeii venalkkaalathinte avasaanathil maathramaan greak aabhyantharayudhathil albanian edapedal pidichedukkappettathu, communist neethrthwathilulla greak garillakale greak deseeya seena paraajayappedutthumennu vyakthamaayappol. greak sainyam akramanam nadathumennu bhayann albanian sarkkar albaniayil sthithicheyyunna communist garillakale niraayudheekarikkukayum pilkkalakkaar raajyam vidanamennu nirbandhikkukayum cheythu. greak aabhyantharayudhathil kooduthal albanian pankaalittham ozhivaakkanamennum, allengil albaniayude swaathanthryam apakadathilaakumennum soviyatt nayam nirddeshichu. communist garillakalkulla eathoru puthiya pinthunayum greak sainika nadapadiyilekku nayikkumennu septambar 11 nuu greak pradhaanamantri panajiotis canellopolos albaniaykku munnariyipp nalki. 
septambaril, albanian samsthaana adhikaarikal avarude pradeshathinullil pinvaangunna kalaapakaarikale pinthunaykkunnathu thudarukayaanenkil, grease 'svayam prathirodha' thinte avakasham abhyarthichu akramikkum ennu greak sainikakaarya mantri munnariyipp nalki. athinaal, albania oduvil communist kalaapakaarikale niraayudheekarikkukayum staalinte nirddeshangalkkanusaricha avare soviyatt unionilekku naadukadatthukayum cheythu.

