
mains carnival

germmaniyile mainsil parambaraagathamaayi november 11 nuu aarambikkunna, ennaal vasanthakaalathe aashh budhanaazhchaykk munbulla divasangalil avasaanikkunna oru maasatholam neendunilkkunna nagaravyapaka carnival aakhoshamaanu mains carnival ("mainser faastnaach", "manser fassenach" allengil "meanser fassenach").
germmaniyile ettavum valia carnival paripaadikalilonnaaya ithu koloon, dusseldorfer karnivalukalkkoppam, renish carnival paarambaryatthile moonnu pradhana nagarangalil onnaanu mains. pala rajyangalileyum carnival paarambaryangalude savisheshamaaya aakhoshangal, paredukal, ullaasangal ennivaykku purame, raashtreeyavum saahityaparavumaaya narmmathinum vyaakhyaanathinum asaadhaaranamaaya oonnal nalkunnathaanu mains carnival.
charithram.
aadyakaala thudakkam.
kristhyan neekkaan kazhiyunna virunnukalil ninnu kaarnivalinte paarambaryam kandethaam, avide aashh budhanaazhcha dhaanyathinte aadya divasamaanu, eesttarinu munbu naalppathiyaaru divasam (naalppat divasam njayarazhchakal ennaathe) sambhavikkunnu. eee paarambaryatthinte aadyathe rekhaamoolamulla rekhakal 13,14 noottaandukalil ninnullathaanu. appozhekkum, carnivalinu munbulla divasangalil amithamaya amithabhakshanathinum vyabhicharathinum ethiraaya niyanthranangal sthaapikkappettu. faastnaach" allengil carnival enna vaakk aadyamaayi varunnath pathimoonnaam noottaandilaanu.
pazhaya mains kaarnivalinekkurichulla vishadaamshangal praadhamika srothassukalil poornnamaayum ulppeduthiyitla. pathinanjaam noottaandinte avasaanathile mines hyoomanist ezhuthukaaranaaya dietrich gressmondinte oru thiruvezhuthu carnivaline ravum pakalum mukhammoodi, bhakshanam, madyapaanam, nritham enniva ulkkollunna oru asamghaditha volksfestaayi visheshippikkunnu. aaghoshikkunnavar moshamaaya thamaashakalil earppedunnathino avarude mukhaavaranangalude samrakshanathil amithamaya kalahangal nadathunnathino addeham vivarikkunnu.
athodoppam, thiranjeduppu kodathiyil valia carnival aakhoshangal nadannu, avide kodathiyile rolukal kramarahithamayi punakrameekarichu. 1664ll prins elector thiranjeduppu kaabinat nirmmaathaavinte punk etteduthu, 1668ll addeham kapp vahikkukayum ellah athidhikalkkum sevanam nalkukayum cheythu. eee sheelathe "mainser konigrichu" (mains raajyam) ennu vilichirunnu. avasaanathe vottar friedrich kaal joseph voonn erthal 1775ll avasaanippikkunnathuvare eee roll playing paarambaryam thudarnnu.
purathana bharanathinte avasaanathode, "janangalude carnival" thudarnnu, pakshe, pazhaya rekhakal anusarichu, ashleelathayaayi adhapathichu. akkaalathe uyarnna vargakkaar munbu nilaninnirunna oru paarambaryam pinthudarnnu vasthradhaarana partykal aakhoshichu.
pathonpathaam noottaandinte thudakkathil purathana bharanathinte avasaanathinu sesham madhyavargathe shakthippeduthunnathilum kolonumaayulla sakthamaaya saambathika bandhathilumaanu mainsile samakaalika carnivalinte uthbhavam. 1823-leeii carnivalil, valia haalukalil carnivalist paripaadikalum rosenmontagil oru valia pared avatharippichukondu, pinneedulla nagaratthil parishkaarangal nadappaakki. koodaathe, mainsile madhyavargam saamoohika othucheralukalude ithara roopangalkkaayi parisramikkukayum ethirppinum malsarathinum kooduthal oonnal nalkunnathil cheria vyathiyaanathode koloon parishkaranatthe eluppathil amgeekarikkukayum cheythu. colonil pazhaya carnival punasthaapichathinushesham, mains kaarnivalistukal 1837-ll "cravinkler landstarm" enna peril oru paredu samghadippichu, avide mainsile ettavum pazhaya carnival samghadana, pinneedu mainser ransengard ennu vilikkapettu, aadyamaayi prathyakshappettu. akkaalathe rainlaandile mattu carnival oorganaiseshanukaleppole, cherunnathinulla phees uyarnnathinaal pankaalittham uyarnna madhyavargathil maathramaayi parimithappedutthiyirunnu. pathonpathaam noottaandinte pakuthi vare klabbukalude vyaapanavum athinte falamaayi angathwa phees kurayunnathum thaazhnna madhyavarga pankaalittham anuvadichu. kaarnivalinte avasana aazhchayile paripaadikal aasoothranam cheiyunnathinaayi clubbukal januvariyil aazhchathorum yogam cherum. mattu rainish carnival nagarangalil ninnu vyathyasthamayi, mainsil, klabbukalile amgangalkku suhruthukkale konduvaraan anuvaadamundaayirunnathil clubbukal alpam kooduthal vaividhyapoornamaayirunnu, palappozhum valarnnuvarunna madhyavargathinu purathu ninnu.
aadyathe samghadana srishtikkunnathinulla munkaiyeduthathu vyaapaari nicolas kreegaril ninnu kandethaam. veruppulavaakkunna aalkkaarude carnival samghaditha pravarthanangaliloode chittayaya oru paripaadiyaayi parivartthanam cheyyappedukayum sathrapaalakarkk varumanam srishtikkukayum vinodasanchaarikale aakarshikkukayum cheyyuka ennathaayirunnu addehathinte praadhamika lakshyam.
1838 januvari 19 mainser carnival-verin (mains carnival association) sthaapikkappetta theeyathiyaayirunnu. nagaratthile eee aadyathe carnival association oru kuda samghadana enna nilayil utharavaadithangal ettedukkukayum innum samghadippikkukayum cheiyunnu. 1838 februvari 26nuu nadanna oru 'carnival thinkalaazhcha paredu' aasoothranam cheyyuka ennathaayirunnu associationte aadya niyamam. 1838 muthal mainser faastnaachinte pradhana savisheshathakal ganyamaayi mariyittilla.
carnival oru saamoohika paripaadiyaayi uyarnnu.
thudakkathil mains carnival raashtreeyamallaathathaayirunu. carnivalist samghadanakalude (emm. sii. vii, ransengard, rosenmontagsug, sessionukal) pravartthanangal grand ducal adhikaarikal sookshumamaayi nireekshichirunnuvenkum pothuve thudaraan anuvadichirunnu. chila carnival associationukal veendum veendum sthaapikkaan anuvadichirunnu enna vasthuthayaan ithu soochippikkunnathu, pakshe oru prathyeka seasonil maathram. oro november 11-num avaa punarnirmmikkukayum adhikaarikal ithu amgeekarikkukayum cheythu. pathonpathaam noottaandil eee prakriya oru paarambaryamaayi maari. anubandha asoukaryangal kaaranam athu oduvil upekshikkappettu.
pathonpathaam noottaandinte thudakkathil nagaratthil nilayurappichirunna franch sainikare parihasikkaan aaghoshakar kaarnivalinte avasaram upayogichappol mains kaarnivalinte rashtreeyavalkkaranam aarambhichu, 1848 leeii viplavathinu munnodiyaayi jarmman samsthaanangalil viplava nethaavu france heinrich sitts 1843 ll mains carnival association (emm. sii. vii) presidentaayi, janaadhipathyavaadiyaaya philipp vitmaan kammittiyil chernnu. jacobin club viddikalilekku thiriyunnathinte pratheekathmakatha eee rund manushyaril ninnu kandethaam vidditha thoppiye vipuleekaricha fryjian thoppi ennu vyaakhyaanikkunnu, trivarnna pathaakayil ninnu uruthirinja neela, vella, chuvapp, manja nirangal, kammitti pathinonninte viplava kaunsil. 1848leeii viplava varshathil thanne carnival raddaakkukayum carnival gasatt "narhalla" oru viplava flyeraayi maarukayum cheythu.
1840kall muthal, carnival paripaadikalil, prathyekichu aakhoshangal samghadippikkunnathinaayi prathyakshatthil nilaninnirunna prathivaara club metingukalil, rashtreeya vyaakhyaanavum vimarsanavum kooduthal saadhaaranamaayitheernnu. samsarikkunnavar palappozhum avarude ardhathekkurichu nishkalankaraayirikkanam, ennirunnaalum carnival rashtreeya viyojippinulla oru vazhiyayi maari. raashtreeyathekkurich parasyamaayi samsaarikkanulla kazhivu, paramarsham marachuvechenkilum, sambhavangal janapriyamakki, 1840-kalil randaamathe carnival club sthaapikkappettu. oru chimmini sweep paper hanger sthaapicha ithinu thozhilaallivarga pouranmaare pankedukkaan anuvadikkunnathinaayi vilakuranja angathwa phees undaayirunnu.
viplavathinu sheshamulla varshangalil carnival pravartthanangal hrasvamaayi kuranju. ennirunnaalum, 1855 aayappozhekkum eee paarambaryam punarujjeevippikkaan thudangi, ithu club amgangalude ennathil druthagathiyilulla vardhanavinum puthiya korppareshanukalude aditharaykkum (cleppergard, 1856) kaaranamaayi. 1857ll podi maasikayude spodanathe thudarnnum 1866ll austro-russian yuddham kaaranam paripaadikal raddaki. orotta evantukal kaaranam thudarnnulla varshangalil rosenmontagsuge raddaakkendivannu. 1884-ll emm. sii. vii. puthuthayi poortthiyaakkiya gildhall oru session nalkaan avasaram upayogichu, athu adutha 50 varshathekku avar upayogikkum. pilkkala varshangalil niravadhi puthiya associationukal uyarnnuvannu "mombatcher carnival verraine" (1886), "gonsenheimer carnival verraine" (1892), carnival association "iscalt bruder" (1893). gaardukalaayi, 1933ll "gaard oof dhii princes" ennu punarnaamakaranam cheyyappetta "mainser prinsengaard" (1884), "prinsesgaard" (1886), "mombatcher prinsengaard" (1886), "jocus-gaard" (1889) enniva chertthu.
prameyavum kathaapaathrangalum.
parambaraagathamaayi, mainsile carnival season november 11 nuu 11:11 ll aarambikkukayum aashh budhanaazhcha vare thudarukayum cheiyunnu. ennirunnaalum, februvaryilo marchilo aashh budhanaazhcha vareyulla divasangalil ivant ettavum uyarnnathaan.
pathonpathaam noottaandil aaghoshakkaar nagaratthinte kotta kaivashappedutthiya sainika senaye parihasikkanulla avasaramaayi carnival upayogikkaan thudangi. 1792num 1866num idayil pattanatthil undaayirunna austriyan, prussian, franch sainikarude unifomukalude oormmappeduthalaanu carnival gaardukalude unifomukal. veysenover bergraphengaardinte landskenkt unifom pole mattullavar avarude vamshavali madhyakaalakhattam vare kandethunnu. thiranjeduppu senayude unifom bhaagangalum ivideyundu. sainika sheelangalum sathyaprathinjakalum vanchikkunna kaavalkkaarkk theruvu carnivalil valia pankundu, ithu paredukalude valia bhagamaanu. paredukalil mainser rosenmontagsug valare prashasthamaan. 1910 muthal ithu sinimayil record cheyyappettirunnu, palappozhum raajyavyaapakamaayi thalsamayam prakshepanam cheyyappedunnu. aaghoshakkaarkku kurachu samayathekku paredu roottil nadakkaan kazhiyumennathinaal ithu pala paredukalekkaalum aupachaarikamalla. marchermar palappozhum avarude rolukalekkurichu valare anoupachaarikaraanu, chilappol paredu floattukalil sawari cheyyumbol bear kudikkunnu.
rashtreeya vyaakhyaanavum caricature mains kaarnivalinte, prathyekichu athinte paredukalude, sradheyamaaya bhaagamaayi mariyirikkunnu. udaaharanathinu, 1980kalude avasaanathil oru paredinide floattukalil ammavan samum oru russian sinikanum kavacha syoottukalil ninnu kayarunnathum soviyatt general sekrattari mikhaayil gorbachevine baath tabbil chithreekarichathum kaanam.
dusseldorfil ninnu uthbhavicha mines kaarnivalinte "helo" enna yudhavila 1938 ll mainsil avatharippichu.

