
tsal eee becona

1910 num 1915 num idayil keppu pravishyayile kimberly aasthaanamaayulla oru swana, engleesh bhasha pathramaayirunnu tsala eee batho/tsala eee bekauna ("janangalude suhruthu" allengil "bekuvanayude suhruthu"). dakshinaafrikkayile karuthavargakkaarkku thaalpparyamulla samakaalika vaarthakalum abhipraayangalum nalkunna raashtreeyamaayi pakshapatharahithamaaya oru pathramaayirunnu ithu.
charithram.
1910ll vadakkan keppile kimberly soul plaattje aanu tsala eee bekauna sthaapichathu. ithu sthaapichathum edittu cheythathumaaya randaamathe swana, engleesh bhasha pathramaya soul plaattje aayirunnu. sepedyile lekhanangal palappozhum prasidheekaranathilum ulppeduthiyittundu. upayogam kurayunnathu moolam settswaana poornnamaayum aprathyakshamaakumenn plaattje aashankappettathinaal pathram bahubhashayil prasidheekarichu. aadyathe pathramaya koranda eee bekauna 1901 ll maafikengil sthaapithamaayenkilum saambathika budhimuttukal kaaranam 1909 meyy avasaanathode pathram thakarnnu.
thante kudumbathodoppam plaattje maafikengil ninnu kimberlyilekku pooyi, avide swana raashtrathile selica barolong sala eee batho sthaapikkaan dhanasahayam nalki. ooranchu free stettile taba nchuvile weslian methadist mission kammyoonittiyil thaamasichirunna sambannaraaya bisinasukaraayirunnu selica barolong.
1910 juunil prasidheekaricha tsala eee bekaunayude aadya pathipp, bekuwanaland protectoratile tswana samsaarikkunnavareyum dakshinaafrikkayile mattu tswana samsaarikkunnavareyum lakshyamit naalu pejulla vaarikayaayirunnu. oduvil pathram deseeya thalatthil vyapikkaan thudangi.
edittoriyal.
prasidheekaranatthinte aadya varshathil, keppu kolanikalum republicukalum-keppu kolaniyum naadal, transwall, ooranchu free stettu-dakshinaafrikkayude union enna nilayil onnikkunnathil pathram shradha kendreekarichu. aafrikkakkaarude mail vella nyoonapakshathinu aadhipathyam nalkunnathinaal eee union virudhamaayirunnu. briteeshukaarum aafrikkakkaarum thammilulla union aafrikkakkaare vottil ninnu ozhivaakkukayum aafrikkakkaare avarude bhoomiyil ninnu neekkam cheyyukayum cheythu. bechuwanaland protectorate (ippol botswana republic), swasiland (ippol eswathini), basoottolaant (ippol lesotho raajyam) enniva dakshinaafrikkayil cheranamennu sala eee bekauna vaadichu.
plaattje edittaraayirikke, sala eee bekuwana thaddesheeya bhoomi niyamathekkurichum report cheyyukayum pathram eee niyamathe raajyathe karutha aafrikkakkaarude "unmoolanam" ennu paraamarsikkukayum cheythu.
aafrikkan kshemam, vyaavasaayika kalar baarukal, mosham vethana varumanam, kuranja pension ennivayekkurichulla reportukalkkidayil khanithozhilaalikalil ninnulla samarangaleyum kathukaleyum kurichulla vaarthakal sala eee bekauna palappozhum prasidheekarichirunnu. khani thozhilaallikalude aadhipathyam kaaranam khanithozhilaalikaleyum kimberly avarude aashankakaleyum avaganikkaan pathratthinu kazhinjilla. mattu prasidheekaranangalil ninnum edittoriyalukalil ninnum vyaakhyaanangalil ninnum labhicha deseeya anthardesheeya kathidapaadukalum pathram avarude edittoriyal pejil prasidheekarichu. karuthavargakkarkkethire vella khanithozhilaalikal nadatthiya akramanangal polulla thaalpparyamulla kaaryangalekkurichu pathram report cheythu. pathram kaavalkkaaran padavi aasvadichu.
pathrangal mithamaaya kaazhchappaadukal prakadippichu, ithu panimudakkinodulla avarude ethirppinte udaaharanamaanu.
soul plaattje pinneedu aafrikkan naashanal kongras aaya southu aafrikkan native naashanal kongrasinte (snc) aadya general sekrattariyaayathinu sesham, pathratthe athinte vaayanakkar party oru amgamaayi kooduthalaayi kandu. aafrikkan naashanal kongrassinte aadyakaala yogangalude rekhakal pathratthil adangiyirikkunnu.
avasana charithram.
"1913 eprilil 'tsala eee bekauna' ennu punarnaamakaranam cheyyappettu. peru maattam valarunna deseeya avabodhatheyum gothrathil ninnu raajyathilekkulla maattatheyum prathifalippikkunnu.
aayirakkanakkin prachaaravum sthiramaaya parasyangalum undaayirunnittum prasidheekaranam thurannirikkaan paadupettu. mattoru sambhavana nalkunna ghadakam, onnaam lokamahaayudhathinte vakkilulla 1914 meyy maasathil, thaddesheeyaraayavarude bhoomi niyamathil prathishedhikkunna sank deputationile amgamaayi plaattje brittanilekku purappettu, deerghakaalathekku videshathu chelavazhikkaan nirbandhithanaayirikke sala eee batho avasaanichu.
engleesh-settswaana vaarikayaaya tsala eee bekauna, athinte nilanilppinte prakshubdha kaalaghattatthile karutha rashtreeya vaarthakaludeyum abhipraayangaludeyum oru gadakamaayirunnu.