sarppangal (siffer)

advanced encryption staanderd (eiii. iii. ezz) malsarathil regendaline sesham randaam sthaanathethiya finalistaaya oru cemetric qee block sifaraanu sarppan. rooss aandezhsan, elii biham, larse nudsen ennivaraanu sarppam roopakalppana cheythath.
mattu aes samarppikkalukaleppole, sarppathinum 128 bittukalude block saisund, koodaathe 128,192 allengil 256 bittukalude qee saisumaanu pinthunaykkunnathu. naalu 32-bitt vaakkukalude blockil pravartthikkunna 32-raundu substitution-permulation netvarkkaanu siffer. oro roundum samaantharamaayi 32 thavana ettu 4-bitt muthal 4-bitt ezz-boxukalil onnu prayogikkunnu. 32 bitt sliceukal upayogichu ellah pravartthanangalum samaantharamaayi nadatthaan kazhiyunna tharatthilaanu sarppam roopakalppana cheythirikkunnathu. ithu samaantharatha paramavadhi vardhippikkunnu, ennaal dessil nadathunna vipulamaaya cryptanalysis varkk upayogikkaanum anuvadikkunnu.
sarppam surakshayodu oru yaadhaasthithika sameepanam sweekarichu, oru valia suraksha marjin thiranjedutthu ariyappedunna tharatthilulla aakramanangalkkethire 16 roundukal mathiyaakumenn designermar karuthi, ennaal cryptaanaalisisile bhaavi kandethalukalkethire 32 roundukal inshuransaayi nirddeshichu. ees malsarathekkurichulla audyogika nistt report report, rijndale (nilavil ees) ennivayude mathiyaya suraksha maarjinil ninnu vyathyasthamayi chovvaykkum rund malsyangalkkum oppam uyarnna suraksha marjin ullathayi sarppathe tharamthirichu. anthima vottingil, finalistukalil sarppathin ettavum kuranja negatteevu vottukal undaayirunnu, pakshe mothatthil randaam sthaanam nedi, kaaranam rijndelinu ganyamaayi kooduthal positteev vottukal undaayirunnu, nirnnayaka ghadakam rijndelinu kooduthal kaaryakshamamaya software nadappaakkal anuvadichu ennathaanu.
sarppa siffer algoritam pothusanchayathilundu, pettant nediyittilla. reference coode public domaine software opttimais cheytha coode gplinu keezhilumaanu. athinte upayogavumaayi bandhappett niyanthranangalo thadassangalo onnumilla. thalphalamaayi, licenses phees nalkaathe thanne arcum avarude softweyaril (allengil hardware nadappaakkalukalil) sarppathe ulppeduthaan swaathanthryamundu.
pradhana shedule.
sarppathinte qee shedyulil 3 pradhana ghattangalund. aadya ghattathil aavashyamenkil padding cherthu qee aarambikkunnu. 256-bittukalude neelamulla keekalilekku hraswa qee mapp cheiyunnathinu, hraswa keeyude avasaanathil oru "1" bitt cherkkukayum thudarnnu hraswa qee deerghamaaya qee neelatthilekku mapp cheiyunnathuvare "0" bittukal cherkkukayum cheiyunnu.
adutha ghattathil, munbu aarambikkappetta qee upayogichaanu "preekeekal" uruthirinjathu. 32-bitt qee parts soard, golden anupaathatthinte bhinnasankhyayaaya "frack", raundu indux enniva pradhana bhagangal upayogichu soard cheiyunnu, soar pravartthanatthinte phalam 11 kondu edathottu thirikkunnu. roundukalil qee bittukalude thulya vitharanam nedunnathinaayi "frack", raundu indux enniva chertthu.
oduvil munbu srishticha "preekeekalil" ninnaan "sabkaikal" uruthirinjathu. ithu motham 33 128-bitt "sabkaikikal" undaakkunnu.
avasaanathil raundu qee allengil "sub qee" sariyaaya nirayil qee bittukal sthaapikkunnathinu "prarambha kramappedutthal aipi" yill sthaapikkunnu.
qee shedule suedo coode.
dablyu _ tii qee [8]// keey
dablyu _ tii vaakkukal [132];// dablyu
dablyu _ tii sub qee [33] [4]// ska
/* qee schedula preekeekal neduka */
shoonyamaaya dablyu (yuyint 32 _ tii * dablyu, yuyint 32 _ tii * keey) {
 { _ tii em [140];
 (hrasvamaayi i = 0; i <8; i + +){
 immi [i] = keey [i];
 (hrasvamaayi i = 8; i <140; i + +) {
 (((((()) (() (() () (() () () () () () () () () () () () () () () () () () () () () () () () () () () () () () () () () () () () () () () () () () () () () () () () () () () () () () () () () () () () () () () () () () () () () () () () () () () () () () () () () () () () () () () () () () () () () () () () () () () () () () () () () () () () () () () () () () () () () () ()
 dablyu [aii-8] = em [aii]
/* qee schedula sub keekal neduka */
shoonyamaaya k (uint32 _ t * w, uint32 _ t (* sk) [4]) 
 [4]) _ tiai, pii, jeey, ezz, keey;
 (i = 0; i <33; i + +) {
 p = (32 + 3-i)% 32;
 (k = 0; k <32; k + +) {
 s = s [p% 8] [((w [4 * i + 0] "k) & 0x1)" 0 |
 ((w [4 * i + 1] "k) & 0x1)" 1 |
 ((w [4 * i + 2] "k) & 0x1)" 2 |
 ((w [4 * i + 3] "k) & 0x1" 3];
 (jeey = 0; jeey <4; jeey + +) {
 ezz. keey [aii] [jeey] |= (s "j) & 0x1)" k;
ezz-boxukal.
sarppathinte ezz-boxukal 4-bitt krameekaranangalaanu, avaa inipparayunna gunangalkk vidheyamaanu
dess ezz boxukalude 32 varikale adisthaanamaakkiyaanu sarppa ezz boxukal nirmmichirikkunnathu. entrikal kaimaattam cheythaanu iva parivartthanam cheythath, athinte falamaayi aavasyamulla gunangalulla arekal sarppathinte ezz-boxukalaayi sambharichu. motham 8 ezz-boxukal kandethunnathuvare eee prakriya aavarthichu. eee prakriyayil thaazhepparayunna qee upayogichu coce _ 1.
kramamattangalum parivartthanangalum.
prarambha kramappedutthal (aipi).
prarambha kramappedutthal oru samayat 128 bittukalil pravartthikkunnu.
0 ll i.. 127
 swaapp (bitt (i), bitt (32 * i)% 127))
anthima kramaparivarthanam (efpy).
avasana kramappedutthal oru samayat 128 bittukalil pravartthikkunnu.
0 ll i.. 127
 swap (bitt (i), bitt (2 * i)% 127))
leanier transformation (ell. tii.).
soar, ezz-boxes, bitt shift lephtt, bitt rottett lephtt ooppareshanukal enniva ithil ulppedunnu. eee pravartthanangal 4 32-bitt vaakkukalilaanu nadathunnathu.
(hrasvamaayi i = 0; i <4; i + +) {
 x [i] = s [i] [b [i] ^ k [i]];
x [0] = rotal (x [0], 13);
x [2] = rotal (x [2], 3);
x [1] = x [1] ^ x [0] ^ x [2];
x [3] = x [3] ^ x [2] ^ (x [0] "3);
x [1] = rotal (x [1], 1);
x [3] = rotal (x [3], 7);
x [0] = x [0] ^ x [1] ^ x [3];
x [2] = x [2] ^ x [3] ^ (x [1] "7);
x [0] = rotal (x [0], 5);
x [2] = rotal (x [2], 22);
(hrasvamaayi i = 0; i <4; i + +) {
 b [i + 1] = x [i];
rijndale vezhsas. sarppamaan.
qee valuppathe aashrayich patthu, panthrand, allengil pathinaalu roundukalullathum 128 bittukal, 192 bittukal allengil 256 bittukal ennivayude qee valuppamullathumaya oru pakara-rekheeya parivartthana shringalayaanu regendale. muppathirandu roundukalulla oru pakara-kramappedutthal shringalayaanu sarppan, koodaathe opttimais cheytha nadappaakkal lalithamaakkunnathin oru prarambhavum anthimavumaaya kramappeduthalum undu. regendalile raundu functionil moonnu bhaagangalunda oru nonleeniyar lair, oru leanier mixing lair, oru qee-mixing soar lair. sarppathile raundu functionil qee-mixing soar, athe 4x4 ezz-boxinte muppathirandu samanthara aaplikkeshanukal, avasana roundil ozhike oru leanier transformation enniva adangiyirikkunnu, athil mattoru qee-mixing soar leanier transformatione maattisthaapikkunnu. regendalile nonleeniyar lair 8x8 ezz-boxes sarppam ettu vyathyastha 4x4 ezz-boxukalum upayogikkunnu. 32 roundukal ardhamaakkunnathu sarppathin rijndelinekkaal uyarnna suraksha marjin undennaanu; ennirunnaalum, 10 roundukalulla rijndelinu vegathayeriyathum cheria blokkukalkku nadappilakkaan eluppavumaanu. athinaal, ees malsarathil rijndeline vijayiyayi thiranjedutthu.
sarppathinethire 0-0. sarppam-1.
yadhaartha sarppamaya sarppa-0 phaast software enkripshanekkurichulla anchaam varkshoppil avatharippikkappettuve sarppa-1 enna oru cheria maattam varuthiya pathipp ees malsarathil samarppichu. qee-sheduling vyathyaasangal ulppedunna mattangal eiii. iii. ezz. samarppana paper charcha cheiyunnu.
suraksha.
ex. ezz. ell akramanam phalapradamaanenkil athu sarppathe durbalappeduthum (ithu regendale durbalappeduthum ennumaathramalla, athu ees aayi maari). ennirunnaalum, nadappaakkal parigananakal kanakkileduthaal ex. ezz. ell akramanam oru broot fozhsu aakramanathekkaal chelaveriyathaayirikkumenn pala cryptaanaalistukalum vishwasikkunnu.
2000ll kohno mattullavarum chernnu thayyarakkiya oru prabandham. 32 raundu sarppangalil 6 ennam meett-inn-dhii-middle aakramanavum 32 roundukalil 9 ennam sarppathinethiraayi vardhippicha boomerang aakramanavum avatharippikkunnu.
2001ll elii biham, oor dunkelman, nathan keller ennivarude akramanam oru leanier cryptanalysis akramanam avatharippikkunnu, athu paambinte 32 roundukalil 10 ennam 2118 ariyappedunna playin teksttukalum 289 samayavum 11 raundu sarpavum-2118 ariyappedunna playin teksttukalum 2187 samayavum upayogichu thakarkkunnu.
2009-leeii oru prabandhatthil sarppathinte ezz-boxukalude nonleeniyar oordar designermar avakaashappettathupole 3 aayirunnilla ennu shradhichittundu.
2011 ll hongjun vuu, huwaxiong wang, phuwang haah guen ennivarude aakramanavum leanier cryptanalysis upayogichu 2116 ariyappedunna plaintextukal, 2107.5 samayam, 2104 memory enniva upayogichu 11 raundu sarppathe thakarkkunnu.
ithe prabandhatthil 12 raundu sarppathe thakarkkunna rund aakramanangalekkurichum vivarikkunnu. aadyathethinu ariyappedunna 2118 playin texttukal, 2228.8 samayam, 2228 memory enniva aavasyamaanu. mattoru aakramanathinu ariyappedunna 2116 plaintextukalum 2121 memory aavasyamaanu, ennaal 2237.5 samayavum aavasyamaanu.

