lebananile onnaam noottaand

aadhunika lebananilo athile janangalilo nadanna charitraparamaaya sambhavangal eee lekhanam pattikappedutthunnu.
bharanam.
bekhayile raajyam.
eiii. dii 39-ll, kaligula oru prathyeka soymasinu ittooriya jilla nalki, romano-jootha charitrakaaranaaya josephus addehathe tetrarch oof lebaanon ennum vilichirunnu. eiii. dii. 49-ll thante raajyam syria pravisyayil (taasittas, "annels", xiii) ulppeduthunnathuvare simas bharichu. 23).
eiii. dii 41-ll, nayakanaaya agrippayude abhyarthana maanich, addehathinte sahodaranaaya naayakan bekhaa thaazhvarayil chalsis nalkukayum athinte aradhana kendram balbeck aayirikkukayum cladius "basilius" enna padavi anuvadikkukayum cheythu. eiii. dii. 48ll marikkunnathuvare chalsis rajaavu bharichu, thudarnnu addehathinte raajyam agripayude makan agripa randaamanu nalkappettu, ennirunnaalum oru chathurrajyamaayi maathram.
nayakanaaya agrippa 'oru saadhaarana peedana svechaadhipathiyaayi' chithreekarichirikkunna apposthalanmaarude pravrithikalil, rajaavu sidonileyum tayarileyum janangalumayi roshathode vazhakkidukayum avarkk bhakshanam kayattumathi cheiyunnathu nirodhikkukayum cheythathayi paraamarsikkunnu. avar judiyayil ninnulla bhakshanam vitharanam cheiyunnathine aasrayikkukayum judia shaamam baadikkukayum cheythathinaal, rund nagarangalum chernnu addehathodoppam oru sadass thedi. raajaavinte vishwasthanaaya vyakthipara sevakanaaya blaastasinte pinthuna labhicha sesham, avar samadhaanam aavasyappettu, kaaranam avar avarude bhakshya vitharanathinayi raajaavinte raajyathe aashrayichirunnu.
phoeneeshyayile oru hellenized nagaramaya berittas (purathana bairoot) manoharamaakkunnathin agrippa randaaman valia thuka chelavazhichu. lebanese nagarathodulla addehathinte pakshapaatham addehathe jootha prajakalkkidayil janapreeti nediyilla. eiii. dii 53-ll chaalsisinte tetrarchy upekshikkaan addeham nirbandhithanaayenkilum pakaramaayi claudius addehathe munbu philipp tetrarch (battaaniya, traconitis, gaulanaitis), lysonias (abileen) enniva bharikkunna pradeshangalude rajaavaayi niyamichu.
vespaasiyante bharanam.
roman chakravarthiyaaya vespassian (Кесссесея сессессен) umm agrippa rajaavum tyril vannappol, nagaravaasikal raajaavine apamaanichu samsarikkaan thudangi, addehathe romanmaarude shatru ennu vilichu; kaaranam addehathinte sainyathinte generalaya philipp rajakottaaratheyum jarusalemile roman sainyatheyum vanchichuvennum athu addehathinte aajnjayilaanu cheythathennum avar paranju. eee reportinekkurichu kettappol, "romakkaarude rajaavum suhruthum" ayirunna oraale adhikshepichathinu vespassian tyriakkaare saasichu.
chalsis avasaanikkunnu.
agrippa randaaman munbu keezhadangiya chaalsisinte chathurrajyam pinneedu 57-ll chalsis naayakante makanaaya addehathinte cussin aristobulasinu nalkappettu. eiii. dii 92-ll aristobulasinte maranashesham chalsis syria pravisyayil layikkapettu.
fotius parayunnathanusarichu, agrippa randaaman trajan bharanathinte moonnaam varshathil (edii 100) ezhupathaam vayassil marichu, ennaal josephasinte prasthavanakal, addehathinte raajyathil ninnulla samakaalika likhithangalkk purame. aadhunika pandithochithamaaya samavayam addeham <aii. dii. 1> nuu munbu marichuvennu karuthunnu. addehathinte maranathethudarnnu bekhaayile addehathinte chalsis raajyavum rominte nerittulla bharanathinu keezhilaayi.
sabhaparamaaya bharanam.
paarambaryamanusarichu, apostolica kaalaghattatthil aposthalanaaya peettar aadyathe bishappayi marone thiranjedutthaanu phoeneeshyayile tripoly roopatha sthaapithamaayathu, kristhumathatthinte prabhatham muthalulla ettavum pazhaya kristhyan samoohangalilonninte aasthaanamaayirunnu tayar, quartus berittasinte (bairoot) bishappayirunnu. parambaraagathamaayi, suvisheshakante adayaalam biblosinteyum silaasinteyum (silauvaan) aadyathe bishappayi kanakkaakkappedunnu, bottrisinte aadya bishop, iruvarum aposthalanaaya peettar avarude seesinu niyogichu. 
yeshu thanne udharicha oru pazhanjollilaanu tayar nagarathekkurichu suvisheshangalil paraamarshichirikkunnathu (mathaayi 11,21); lookkinte saakshyam (6.17) anusarichu, yeshuvinte prasamgatthil tayarinteyum sideninteyum theerathu ninnu vishwastharum undaayirunnu; serophonician sthreeyude makale bhoothochaadanamcheyyal (maarkk 7,24-31) polulla athbhuthangal pravarthippikkaan yeshu thanne tayar, saidan mekhalayilekku pooyi. taamasiyaathe nagaratthil oru kristhyan samooham roopeekarikkappettu, arast cheyyappedunnathinu munbu poulos apposthalan (apposthalanmaarude pravrithikal 21:3-7) jarusalemilekkulla avasana yaathrayil athu sandarshichu.
vyavasaayam.
vyaapaarathilum uthppaadanathilum, prathyekichu berittasilum tayarilum, pattunoolkkannukalil yahoodarkku ganyamaaya thaalpparyamundennu josephasil thelivukal undu. roman kaalaghattatthil, eiii. dii onnaam noottaand muthal olivu oayil kondupookunna bairoot type 2 amphorayude ulppaadana kendramaayirunnu jiah.

