ishi-aadhu

bii. sii. pathinettaam noottaandinte aadya pakuthiyil khathnayile rajaavaayirunnu ishi-addu allengil ishi-addu. thante ettavum adutha suhruthaaya assyriayile shamshi-aadaad onnamanumaayulla kathidapaadukalude perilaanu addeham ariyappedunnathu. ennirunnaalum, raajyathinte thekkan bhaagangalil kalaapangalum kathnayude vadakkan ayalrajyamaaya yamahaadumaayi nirantharamaaya yudhavum baadhicha ischi-adduvinte bharanakaalathu kathna athinte unnathiyilaayirunnu.
bharanam.
sii-kku idayil aarr varshakkalam mariyumaayulla kathidapaadukalil ninnaan iskvi-aadu pradhaanamaayum ariyappedunnathu. 1783-1778 bisi. addehathinte bharanam eppol aarambhichuvenn anishchithathvathilaanu; addeham amuth-peel onnaamante pingamiyaayi, orupakshe addehathinte pithaavaayirikkam. issi-adduvinte bharanakaalathu khatna athinte unnathiyilaayirunnu; addeham haasarinte adhipanaayirunnu, biblosine ugaarittinum edayilulla central leventain theeram niyanthrichirunna amuruvile niravadhi rajyangal addehathinte adikaaram amgeekarichu. maari keezhadakkukayum thante makan yasma-adaadine athinte simhaasanathil prathishtikkukayum cheytha assyriayile shamshi-adad onnaamante adutha sakhyakakshiyaayirunnu ischi-addu. khathnayum assyria thammilulla sakhyam yasma-adad sthaapichittu thottupinnaleyaanu avasaanichathu; sii athu urappichu. 1782 bii. sii. yill issi-adduvinte makalaaya daam-shoorashiyude vivaham yasma-adaadumaayi nadannu. khatna raajakumaariyude sthreedhanam valare valuthaayirunnu, isi-addu thante saamanthanmaarod sambhavana nalkaan aavasyappettu; haasaril ninnu kandethiya oru gulikayil thunitharangal, vilayeriya lohangal, aayudangal enniva upayogichu nirmmicha vasthukkal polulla valia alavil saadhanangal nalkunnathinulla khathnayil ninnulla oordarukal adangiyirikkunnu.
avarude charithratthinte thudakkam muthal, khathnayum yamahad oru shathruthaaparamaaya bandham pankittu; ischi-adduvinte bharanakaalathu sthithi vashalaavukayum athirthi yudhamaayi parinamikkukayum cheythu. yamahaadile sumu-epuh athu veendum pidichedukkunnathinu munbu hamath mekhalayile parga nagaram kurachukaalam khatna kaivashappeduthiyirunnu. thekk, issi-addu oru pothu kalapam nerittu; khathnayude nivedanangalkku sesham, shamshi-adad kalaapathe neridaan issi-adduvine sahayikkaan oru sainyathe ayachu. 20, 000 sainikarulla oru sainyatheyum thante makan yasmadin neethrthwam nalkaan shamshi-aadaad padhathiyittirunnuvenkum eee padhathikal saakshaathkarikkaanaayilla. pakaram, sii yill ischi-adduvinte sevanathil earppetta generalukalude neethrthwathil kooduthal mithamaaya oru sainyathe ayachu. bii. sii. 1781. assyrian sainyam yamahadine neridunnathu ozhivaakkukayum khatnayumaayulla yudhathil pankedukkathirikkukayum cheythappol, yamahaadinte pinthunayulla kalaapathe adichamarthunnathinulla melnottathinaayi issi-addu khadeesil thamasam thudangi. khatheenaa thadaakathinaduthulla oru kottaykku "durr-issi-addu" raajaavinte peraanu nalkiyirikkunnath.
shamshi-adadin addehathinte puthranmarkkum ezhuthiya issi-adduvil ninnulla niravadhi kathukal maariyude aarkkaivil adangiyirikkunnu; avayilonnil, moonnu nagarangal keezhadakkunnathil thannodoppam cheraan khathnayile rajaavu yasma-adaadine prerippikkaan shramichu, oru valia kolla thangale kaathirikkunnundenn marumakanodu paranju. khathnayil ninnulla doothanmaare yasma-adad thadavilaakkiyathum sandeshavaahakare mochippikkaan utharavidukayum cheythathum shamshi-adaadine makanu moorchayulla kathu ezhuthaan prerippichathum oru sambhavamundaayirunnu. naalu varshathe khatna sevanathinushesham, shamshi-adad thante sainyathe thirichayakkaan utharavittu, athu assyria sumu-epoohinte makan yarrim-limm onnamanum thammilulla samadhana udambadiyumaayi bandhappettirikkam; munbu "shamshi-adad sumu-epoohumaayi samadhaanam avasaanippichaalum, njaan jeevichirikkunnidathom kaalam njaan orikkalum sumu-epoohumaayi samadhaanam undakkilla!", oru kanatha praharam nalki. yamahaadumaayulla shamshi-aadaadinte samadhaanathinte falamaayundaaya saahacharyathe rajaavu engane kaikaaryam cheythuvennum sii yill khatnayekkurichu paraamarshikkunnath punaraarambhichappozhekkum maari srothassukal nishabdamaanu. bisi 1772 ll, ishh-addu marikkukayum addehathinte makan amuth-peel randaaman adhikaaramelkkukayum cheythu.
vyakthithvam.
addehathinte kathukal vilayiruthumbol, apamaanikkappedumbozhale karayanulla valia kazhivu rajaavinu undaayirunnu; shamshi-aadaadinte maranathinu thottupinnaale, issi-adduvum assyrian raajaavinte mootha makan isme-dagan onnamanum thammilulla pirimurukkam sambhavichu. assyriayile rajaavu khathnayil ninnu rund kuthirakal aavasyappettu, pakaram issi-addu enthengilum aavasyappettathaayi thonnunnu, pakshe ismi-dagan kuthirakalude yadhaartha moolyathinte oru cheria thuka ayachu, ithu issi-adduvinte abhyarthana paalikkaathathinaal randaamathethu oru kopa sandesham ezhuthaan kaaranamaayi, ithu thante sahodaran ammayiyammayeyum samaadhaanathode nilanirthaan thaalpparyamulla yasma-adad maariyil thadanju. makalekkurichulla addehathinte kathukal anukambayulla oru manushyane velippeduthunnu; addeham yasma-aadaad ezhuthi "njaan ente mamsavum bhaviyum ningalude madiyil vaykkunnu. njaan ninakk nalkia ninte velakkaari, daivam avale ninakk aakarshakamaanennu theliyikkatte. njaan ente mamsavum bhaviyum ninte madiyil vaykkunnu, kaaranam eee simhasana ('veedu') ippol ningaludethum maariyudethu ippol entethumaanu.

