
laingikabandham illaatha niyamam

1790, 1793, 1796, 1799, 1802, 1834 ennee varshangalil kongras pasakia aarr niyamangalkk nalkia koottaaya peraanu noonn intercourse act (indian intercourse act allengil indian noonn intercourse act ennum ariyappedunnu). kudiyettakkaarum naattukaarum thammilulla vyapaaram niyantrikkaanum vividha niyamangal uddeshichullathaayirunnu. niyamathile ettavum sradheyamaaya vyavasthakal ekadesham 200 varshamaayi thudarchayaaya vyavahaarangalude uravidamaaya yunaittad stetsile adivasi padavi maattaanaavaathathaayi niyanthrikkunnu. federal gavanmentinte anumathiyillathe indian bhoomi vaangunnathinulla nirodhanatthinte uthbhavam 1763 leeii rajakeeya prakhyaapanathilum 1783 leeii konfedareshan kongras prakhyaapanathilumaanu.
bhoomi vyavasthayude vaachakam.
aadyathe naalu niyamangal 4 varshathinu sesham kaalaharanapettu; 1802,1834 niyamangalude kaalaharanappedal undaayilla. niyamavirudhamaaya gathagatha samayat praabalyatthil vanna niyamatthinte pathipp baadhakamaaya niyamam nirnnayikkunnu. niyamatthinte anchu pathippukal thammil kurachu niyamaparamaaya vyathyaasangal kodathikal kandethiyittundu. udaaharanathinu, southu carolina vii. yill moonnu viyojippulla jadjimar. 1793leeii niyamam 1790leeii niyamatthinte vyaapthi bhoomikk mathramalla avakaashavaadangalkkum nirodhanam prayogichukondu vipuleekarichathaayi kaattaavba indian tribe (1986) abhiprayappettu."
1790 juulai 22nuu pasakia yadhaartha niyamam iprakaaramaanu
 american aikyanaadukalkkullile eathenkilum indiakkaar allengil eathenkilum indian janatha allengil gothram nirmmicha bhoomi vilkkunnath, atharam bhoomikk munkootty mochanam nalkaan avakaashamullatho allathatho aaya eathenkilum vyakthikko vyakthikalkko eathenkilum samsthaanathino saadhuthayullathaayirikkil, athu american aikyanaadukalude adhikaarathinu keezhil nadanna eathenkilum pothu udambadiyil nadathukayum krithyamaayi nadappilaakkukayum cheythillengil.
1793leeii niyamam iprakaaram parayunnu
[(eiii) eathenkilum indiakkaaril ninno raajyathil ninno gothrathil ninno american aikyanaadukalude paridhikkullil ninnu bhoomi vaangukayo graant cheiyukayo allengil eathenkilum padavi allengil avakaashavaadam, bharanaghadanaykku anusrithamaayi earppeduthiya oru udambadiyiloodeyo kanvenshaniloodeyo athu undaakkunnillengil niyamathilo samathwathilo eathenkilum saadhuthayullathaayirikkum...
1796leeii niyamam iprakaaram parayunnu
[(eiii) eathenkilum indiakkaaril ninno indiakkaarude raajyathil ninno gothrathil ninno american aikyanaadukalude paridhikkullil ninnu bhoomi vaangukayo, graant cheiyukayo, paattatthinu nalkukayo, allengil mattethenkilum avakaashamo avakaashavaadamo sweekarikkukayo cheyyuka ennathu bharanaghadanaykku anusrithamaayi undakkiya udambadiyiloodeyo kanvenshaniloodeyo allaathapaksham niyamathilo thulyathayilo eathenkilum saadhuthayullathaayirikkum...
1799leeii niyamam iprakaaram parayunnu
american aikyanaadukalude paridhikkullil eathenkilum indiakkaaril ninno indiakkaarude raajyathil ninno gothrathil ninno bhoomi vaangukayo graant cheiyukayo paattatthinu nalkukayo allengil athinulla eathenkilum avakaashamo avakaashavaadamo, bharanaghadanaykku anusrithamaayi undakkiya udambadiyiloodeyo kanvenshaniloodeyo cheythillengil, niyamathilo thulyathayilo eathenkilum saadhuthayullathaayirikkil...
1802leeii niyamam nalkunnu
american aikyanaadukalude paridhikkullil eathenkilum indiakkaaril ninno raajyathil ninno indiakkaarude gothrathil ninno bhoomi vaangukayo graant cheiyukayo paattatthinu nalkukayo allengil athinulla eathenkilum avakaashamo avakaashavaadamo nalkukayo cheiyunnathu bharanaghadanaykku anusrithamaayi undakkiya udambadiyiloodeyo kanvenshaniloodeyo cheythillengil niyamathilo thulyathayilo eathenkilum saadhuthayullathaayirikkil...
1834leeii niyamam nilavil 25 yuu. aayi krodeekarichirikkunnu.ezz.sii. §177, nalkunnu
eathenkilum indian raajyathil ninno indian gothrathil ninno bhoomi vaangukayo graant cheiyukayo paattatthinu nalkukayo allengil mattethenkilum avakaashamo avakaashavaadamo nalkukayo cheiyunnathu bharanaghadanaykku anusrithamaayi undakkiya udambadiyiloodeyo kanvenshaniloodeyo allaathapaksham niyamathilo samathwathilo eathenkilum saadhuthayullathaayirikkil.
niyamanirmmaana charithram.
eee niyamam paasaakkiyathinusesham 1790ll president jorjju washington newyorkkile seneca rajyathodu nadatthiya prasamgatthil ninnaan laingika bandhatthinte aadyakaala vyaakhyaanangalilonn varunnathu
samadhaanathinushesham aarr raajyangalum thangalude bhoomi vilkkunnathumaayi bandhappett chila budhimuttukalilekku nayichuvennu enikku ariyilla. ennaal amerikkayude ippozhathe gavanment sthaapikkunnathinu munbu, avarude adhikaarathinu keezhilulla prathyeka samsthaanangalum vyakthikalum avarude bhoomiyude vilpanaye maanichukondu indian gothrangalumaayi perumaranulla chumatala etteduthappol eee thinmakal uyarnnuvannuvennu njaan ningale ariyikkanam. ennaal ippol cases poornnamaayum maariyittund. indian rashtrangalumaayi perumaranulla adikaaram maathrame pothu gavanmentinulloo, athinte adhikaaramillathe roopeekarikkukayum nadathukayum cheiyunna eathoru udambadiyum baadyathayalla. appol ningalude backie bhoomiyude suraksha ivideyaanu. american aikyanaadukalude adhikaarathin keezhil nadanna eathenkilum pothu udambadiyil allathe oru samsthaanathino vyakthikko ningalude bhoomi vaangaan kazhiyilla. ningal vanchikkappedunnathine pothu sarkkar orikkalum amgeekarikkilla. ennaal athu ningalude ellah nyayamaaya avakaashangalilum ningale samraksikkum.
bhoomi avakaashavaadangal sambandhicha cases.
charithram.
oru thaddesheeya kakshi supreme kodathiyiletthiya laingika bandhamillaattha niyamatthinte aadya harji cheroki neshan vii aayirunnu. kodathikku yadhaartha adhikaraparidhi illenna saankethikathayude adisthaanathil kodathi thallikkalanja jorjia (1831), athinte phalam cherokic oru videsha rashtramenna nilayil oru padavi illaayirunnu, pakshe abhiprayam yogyathakale niyantrikkunnilla, ithu veendum samarppicha kesil vidhi parayunnathinulla vaathil thurannirikkunnu. cherokiyude abhibhashakanaaya muun attorni general vilyam wirt, chodyam cheyyappetta jorjia niyamam asaadhuvaayathinaal, "[bii] 1803 ll pasakia american aikyanaadukalile oru niyamathinu virudhamaayathinaal 'indian gothrangalumaayulla vyapaaravum laingikabandhavum niyanthrikkunnathinum athirthikalil samadhaanam nilanirthunnathinumulla oru niyamam'.'samsthaana niyamam cheroki udambadikal, karar closs, american bharanaghadanayude nishkriyamaaya indian komezhs closs enniva lamghichathaayum wirt vaadichu. supreme kodathiyil wirt samarppicha billilum samanamaaya oru vaadam uyarnnirunnu. vilyam wirts vaadangalkku oru vyakthamaaya falamundaayirikkaam, kaaranam thudarnnulla pravartthanatthil, vorsestar vii. jorjia (1832) cheroki oru paramadhikaara rashtramaanennum athinaal supreme kodathikku yadhaartha adhikaraparidhi undennum vidhichukondu kodathi svayam thirichadichu.
cheroki neshan" ennathinu sesham, kodathiyiletthiya adutha cases "seneca neshan oof indians vii. kristee (1896). newyork appeel kodathi laingika bandhamillaattha niyamatthinte vyaakhyaanatheyum samsthaana kodathiyil cases phayal cheyyaan seneka praapthamakkiya samsthaana pravarthanakshamamaakkunna niyamathinulla parimithikalude niyamatthinte abhyarthanayeyum adisthaanamaakki avakaashavaadam thalliyirunnu; mathiyaayathum swathanthravumaaya samsthaana adisthaana sidhaantham kaaranam supreme kodathi appeel thallikkalanju. federal power kammeeshan vii. vare eee niyamam pradhaanamaayum gothrangal vazhakk cheyyappedaathe thudarnnu. oru federal anakkett nirmmichu thangalude bhoomiye apalapikkunnath ozhivakkaan tuskarora shramicha tuskarora indian neshan (1960). eee niyamam baadhakamallenn kodathi vidhichuvenkilum ingane paranju
athu urappaan, [25 yuu.ezz.sii. §177] baadhakamaan... kongrassinte 'prakadippicha sammatham' veruthe vyarthavum nishfalavumaayirikkum. §177 kuranjathu indian raashtrathinteyo gothratthinteyo sammatham pariganikkunnu. ... kongrasinte sammatham ethra vyakthavum nirddishtavumaanenkilum onnum prayojanappedillennu [i] tii anusmarikkunnu. athinaal, §177 baadhakamaanengil... padhathiyude anivaaryatha enthuthanneyaayaalum thuskarorayile bhoomi ottum edukkaan kazhiyaathevarunnath ithinte falamaayirikkum.
eee aajnja "oneeda indian neshan oof enn" nuu prachodanamaayi.vaii. samsthaana vii. onida sintti."(1974) [" "oneeda i" "], thaddesheeya avakaashavaadathinteyum laingikabandham thadayunna niyamathinteyum lamghanathinteyum adisthaanathil indian bhoomi avakaashavaadangalkku federal vishayaparidhi undennu supreme kodathi vidhichu". onida sinttiyil. vii. oneeda indian neshan oof enn.vaii. samsthaana "(1984) [" oneeda II ""], gothrangalkk federal pothu niyamaparamaaya oru nadapadiyundennu supreme kodathi vidhichu, thaddesheeya avakaashathe adisthaanamaakkiyulla udamasthaavakaasha bhoomi avakaashavaadangalkku, laingika bandhamillaattha niyamathaal munkootty ozhivakkiyittilla; inipparayunna sthireekarana prathirodhangalum kodathi nirasichu parimithikal, laghookaranam, amgeekaaram allengil nyaayeekaranamillaayma.
onida II" ennathu oru gothrathinu vendi oru kodathi nalkia eaka anthima vidhiyayi nilanilkkumbol, "onida I" mattu dussen kanakkinu bhoomi avakaashavaadangalkku prachodanamaayi. eee avakaashavaadangalil chilathil gothrangalkk prarambha vidhikal labhichathinushesham, avakaashappedunna aadima padavi illaathaakkukayum gotravarga paraathikkaarkk nashtapariharam nalkukayum cheythukondu kongras prathikarichu. eee indian bhoomi avakaashavaada vaasasthalangal 25 yuu. yill shekharikkunnu.ezz.sii. tii. 19. udaaharanathinu, "pasamakotty gothratthinte samyuktha gotra kaunsil vii. morttan "(1st sii. aii. aarr.). 1975), gothrathinu vendi 60 sathamaanam mine avakaashappedunna oru cases konduvaraan federal sarkkar baadhyasthamaanennu aadyathe surcuted vidhichathin sesham, kongras 81.5 dasalaksham dollar othutheerppinu amgeekaaram nalki. narragansett bhoomi avakaashavaadathinte kaaryatthil (dii.aarr.aii. 1976), kodathi prathiyude ellah sthiramaaya prathirodhangalum (laachukal, parimithikalude niyamam/prathikoola kaivashappedutthal, vilppanayiloode thadayal, samsthaana niyamatthinte pravartthanam, pothu nayam) adichumaattiyathinethur kongras oru othutheerppu nadappaakkukayum paramadhikaara prathirodhatthinteyum nyaayeekaranamillaathathinum adisthaanathil thallikkalayaanulla samsthaanathinte prameyam nirasikkukayum cheythu. athupole, "mohegan gothram vii. connecticut "(dii. koonn. 1982), kodathi prathiyude anukoolamaaya prathirodham adichathinu sesham mohegan sann srishtikkunnathinu kongras amgeekaaram nalki. maashandakkatt pecot gothravum wampanog chernnu kodathikalkku eathenkilum vidhinyayangalil praveshikkaan avasaram labhikkunnathin munbu kongras oru othutheerppu nadappaakki.
gadakangal.
narragansettil" paranjathupole, oru laingikabandham illaatha avakaashavaadathinu naalu gadakangalundu.
oru pradhamadrishtyaa cases sthaapikkunnathinu, vaadi kaanikkendathu
aduthide, randaamathe surcuted prasthaavichu
laingikabandham thadayunna niyamatthinte lamghanam sthaapikkunnathinu, [parathikkaar] inipparayunna karyangal sthaapikkendathundu (1) avar oru indian gothramaan; (2) kaimatta samayat prashnam undaayirunna bhoomi gothrabhoomiyaayirunnu; (3) america orikkalum kaimattatthinu amgeekaaram nalkiyittilla, (4) america gothravum thammilulla trastt bandham avasaanippichitla.
federal amgeekaaramulla gothrangalallengilum vaadi vijayicha udaaharanangalaan "pasamacody", "narragansett" kesukal (mine indian claim settilmentiloode pasamacody federal amgeekaaram nedi; rooad ailand claim settilment act kazhinju anchu varshathinu sesham 1983 ll narragansett federal amgeekaaram nedi). federal gotra padavi aadya gadakathinte pradhamadrishtyaa thelivaanenkilum, amgeekarikkappedaatha gothrangalkkum eee niyamam baadhakamaan.
gothram amgeekarikkappettilkattil, prathikk paraathikkaarante pradhamadrishtyaa kesine paraajayappeduthaam, onnukil kaimaattam cheiyunna samayatho allengil vyavahara samayat indiakkaar oru "gothram" allennu kaanichu; athinaal, bhoomi niyamavirudhamaayi anyavalkkaricha gothratthinte thaalpparyathil vaadi pingaamiyallenn prathi kaanichekkaam. eee gadakathil prathikal vijayicha pradhana cases "mashpi tribe vii" aanu. puthiya kadal corp."(onnaam sii. aarr. 1979). pakaramaayi, beuro oof indian afayezhs oru gotra padavi nirnnayikkunnathuvare nadapadi nirtthivaykkaam (parathikkaar thaalpparyamulla pingaamikalallenn biya nigamanam cheythaal oduvil pirichuvidunnu). laingikabandham thadayunnathinulla niyamatthinte uddeshyangalkkaayi pueblo "indiakkaar" allennu thudakkathil vyaakhyaanichirunnu; ennirunnaalum, eee holding pinneedu asadhuvaakki.
mukalil nalkiyirikkunna gadakangal oru gothrathinu vendiyullathaanu. oru trastti enna nilayil pravartthikkunna america oru gothrathinu vendi oru nadapadi kaikkollukayum (vijayikkukayum cheythittundu). allotment niyamangalile aanti-eleanation vyavasthakal nadappilakkaan federal sarkkaarin samanamaaya adikaaram nikshipthamaayirunnu. neremarichu, vyakthigatha indiakkaarkku eee niyamathinu keezhil oru sthaanavumilla. oro vaadikalum ellah gotra amgangaludeyum oru vibhaagathe saakshyappeduthaan sramichaalum ithu sariyaanu; gothram thanne cases phayal cheyyanam.
1783leeii konfedareshan kongras prakhyaapanatthil ninnu vyathyasthamayi, yadhaartha pathimoonnu ulppede oru samsthaanathinte athirthikkullile bhoomikk nonintarkozhs act baadhakamaan. pasamacody" yile aadya surcute "mohegan gotra" yile randaamathe surcute, yadhaartha pathimoonnu ulppede american ikyanaadukalkku muzhuvan nonintarkozhs act baadhakamaanennu abhiprayappettu. oru prathiyum ithuvare mattoru vidhathil kodathiye bodhyappeduthiyittilla.
ennirunnaalum, 1790 nuu munbu velluvili uyarthiya gathagatham sambhavikkukayaanenkil prathi eee gadakathe paraajayappedutthum. 1783 leeii konfedareshan kongras prakhyaapanatthil 1783 num 1790 num edayilulla gathagatham ulppedaam, ennaal athu pariganicha eaka kodathi konfedareshan kongrasinu avarude athirthikkullile samsthaanangalilekkulla gathagatham nirodhikkanulla adhikaaramo uddeshyamo illennu vidhichu. 1763leeii raajakeeyaprakhyaapanathil 1763num 1783num edayilulla gathagatham ulppettekkaam; ennirunnaalum, atharamoru gathagatham parishodhicha eaka kodathi athu prakhyaapanatthinte aavasyakathakal niravettunnuvennu kandethi. udaaharanathinu, jonson vii. yile kanveyans. 1773 juulai 5num 1775 october 18num nadanna missintosh (1823), ennaal eee syoottile oru kakshiyum thaddeseeyanaayirunnilla.
kizhakk indiakkaare neekkam cheyyal, padinjaaru indian samvarana-srishtikkal ennee nayangaliloode federal sarkkar thaddesheeya amerikkakkaare avarude poorvvikarude bhooribhaagam bhoomiyil ninnum neekkam cheythu. ennirunnaalum, bhoomi anyavalkkaricha oru samsthaana nadapadiye kongras amgeekarichathinte udaaharanagal apoorvamaanu. kongras express bhashayil oru niyamam paasaakkendathund, allengil atharam federal amgeekaaram nedunnathinu senatt bhoomiye anyavalkkarikkunna udambadi amgeekarikkendathundu. niravadhi indian bhoomi avakaashavaada othutheerppukal edutha kaazhchappaad atharam kaimattangalkk kongras munkaala praabalyathode sammathichekkaam ennathaanu; eee kaazhchappaad kodathiyil pareekshichittillengilum, nashtaparihaaramillathe aadivaasikalude padavi illaathaakkaanulla kongrasinte adikaaram poornnamaayathinaal ithu uyarthippidikkappedaan saadhyathayund.
pasamacody" yill, mukalil, aadyathe surcuted kongrassinu maathrame vyakthamaaya prasthaavanayiloode federal-tribal trastt bandham avasaanippikkaan kazhiyoo ennu nireekshichu; samsthaana sarkkaarukalude pravrithikal aprasakthamaan. indian nirthalaakkal nayathinu keezhil niravadhi gothrangalumaayi kongras angane cheythittundu. southu carolina vii. (1986) laingikabandham ozhivakkal niyamam avasaanippicha gothrangalude bhoomi samrakshikkunnillenn manassilakkappettittund; avide, bhoomi avakaashavaadavumaayi bandhappett samsthaana chattangalkk eee niyamam kaaranamaayathaayi kanakkaakkappedunnu.
positteev prathirodham.
laingikabandham thadayunnathinulla niravadhi anukoolamaaya prathirodhangal kodathikal pariganikkukayum nirasikkukayum cheythittundu. ennirunnaalum, chila kodathikal amgeekaricha rund sthiramaaya prathirodhangalund paramadhikaara prathirodhasheshi, laachukalude thulyamaaya sidhaantham.
yadhaartha bharanaghadanayude ghadanayum pathinonnam bhedagathiyude paatavum samsthaanangalkku mikka vyavaharangalil ninnum paramadhikaara prathirodham nalkunnu; apavaadangalundu samsthaanam cases phayal cheyyaan sammathikkumbol; federal gavanment niyamaprakaaram paramadhikaara prathirodham raddaakkumbol; federal gavanment vadio vadio aayirikkumbol; "ex part yang" (1908) amgeekaricha vibhaagam. pala kesukalilum, noonn intercourse act parathikkaar eee ozhivaakkalukalilonn thripthippeduthiyittundu. ennirunnaalum, laingikabandham illaatha niyamam thanne samsthaana paramadhikaara prathirodhasheshi raddaakkunnilla. koodaathe, "ex parte yang" enna apavaadam baadhakamallenn adhikaarathinu vyakthamaan. athinaal, parathikkaar federal gavanmentinte edapedal nedukayo praadeshika sarkkarukalkkum swakaarya bhoovudamakalkumethire kesedukkaan svayam nirbandhitharaakukayo venam.
koodaathe, samsthaanangalkkethiraaya nadapadikalil, indiakkaarkku 25 yuu enna anumaanam undakaan arhathayilla.ezz.sii. §194, ithu vyakthikalkk maathrame baadhakamaakoo."
viyojikkunna naalu jadjimar "oneeda kaundi vii. leeii" latches "adisthaanamaakkiyulla gothrangalude nadapadi nirodhikkumaayirunnu. oneeda indian neshan oof enn.vaii. samsthaanam "(1985), bhooripaksham athicheraatha oru chodyam. randaamathe surcuted kayuga indian neshan oof enn ennathile viyojippinte veekshanam sweekarichu.vaii. vii. padakki "(2dii sii. aarr.). 2005), athinusesham oru gotravarga paraathikkaaranum aaa sarkyoottile eee anukoolamaaya prathirodhatthe marikadakkaan kazhinjittilla. "kayuga" eee niyamathinu keezhil nalkappetta ettavum valia $247.9 dasalaksham naashanashta award illaathaakki.
mattu vyavasthakal.
indian raajyathinte nirvachanam.
indian bhoomiyil thamasikkunna indiakkaarum indiakkaarallaathavarum thammilulla bandham niyanthrikkunnathinu purame, 1834leeii niyamam "indian raajyam" ennariyappedunna oru pradeshathe thiricharinju. eee bhoomi "mississippic padinjaaru yunaittad stetsinte muzhuvan bhaagavum, misauri, louisiana samsthaanangalilo arkansas pradeshatho allah" ennu visheshippikkappettu."indian pradesham ennariyappettirunna naadaanithu.
vyapara posttukal.
thaddesheeya amerikkakkar avarude charakkukal (prathyekichu romangal) wilkan audyogikamaayi licensulla vyapara kendrangalaaya "faaktarikalude" oru parambara sthaapikkuka ennathaayirunnu niyamangalude ettavum nirnnayakamaaya vashangalilonn. dhaarmikathayillaatha swakaarya vyaapaarikalil ninnu gothrangale samrakshikkunnathinaayi audyogikamaayi sthaapicha faaktarikal, fort clarkilekku praveshikkunnathinaayi ooseju raajyam missouriyude bhooribhaagavum kaimaattam cheytha fort clark udambadiyude kaaryatthil sambhavichathupole "factory" yilekkulla praveshanathinu pakaramaayi gothrangal ganyamaaya pradesham vittukodukkaan kaaranamaakunnathin liverage aayi upayogikkendathaayirunnu.
swath avakaashavaadangal.
yuu. anusarichu.ezz. attorni general vilyam virtta
[tii] indian gothrangalumaayulla vyapaaravum laingikabandhavum niyanthrikkunnathinum athirthikalil samadhaanam nilanirthunnathinumulla niyamathile vyavasthakalkku anusrithamaayi avakaashappedukayo avakaashappedukayo cheythathum sthaapikkappedunnathumaaya colorine udambadikku sesham american pouranmaaril ninnu melpparanja raajyathe vyakthikal edutha swathinaayulla avakaashavaadangal niravettunnathinaayi 5,000 dollar samvaranam cheiyunna chila prathyeka thukakal nalkaan america sammathikkunnu.
samsthaana laingikabandhamillaatha pravrithikal.
thaddesheeya american bhoomikalude anyavalkkaranathinu adhika niyanthranangal earppeduthunnathil ninnu samsthaanangale laingikabandham thadayunna niyamam munkootty nirtthiyilla. yadhaartha pathimoonnu samsthaanangalum ulppede pala samsthaanangalum kuranjathu chila samayaparidikkullil chila bhoomikk samanamaaya niyamangal nadappaakki.
mattu samsthaana chattangal allengil bharanaghadanaa vyavasthakal, engleesh pothu niyamam athuvare vikasichathupole ulppeduthi.
1821 march 31 nuu oru newyork samsthaanam nadappilaakki
[(i) indiakkaar ozhikeyulla eathoru vyakthikkum vyakthikkum eee samsthaanathinullil eathenkilum raajyathilo gothrathilo ullatho adhiniveshamullatho aaya eathenkilum bhoomiyil sthirathaamasamaakkukayo thaamasikkukayo cheiyunnathu niyamavirudhamaayirikkum; indiakkaar ozhikeyulla eathenkilum vyakthikko vyakthikko atharam bhoomiyil thamasikkaan anuvadikkunna eathenkilum indiakkaar undakkiya ellah paattangalum karaarukalum karaarukalum poornnamaayum asadhuvaakum; eee niyamathinu virudhamaayi eathenkilum vyakthiyo vyakthiyo atharam eathenkilum bhoomiyil sthirathaamasamaakkukayo thaamasikkukayo cheythaal, atharam bhoomi sthithicheyyunna kaundiyile eathenkilum pothu harjikalil eathenkilum kodathiyude eathenkilum jadjiyude kadamayayirikkum, avanu nalkia paraathiyude adisthaanathil, atharam settilmentino thaamasathino ulla vasthuthayude sariyaaya thelivu anusarichu, thante kaithandayilum mudrayilum, thante vaarant purappeduvikkaan, atharam kaundiyude shereefinu nirddeshichu, athu labhichu patthu divasathinullil, atharam vyakthiye allengil avarude kudumbangale avarude bhoomiyil ninnu neekkam cheiyukayo angane sthirathaamasamaakkukayo cheyyuka.
1739 leeii southu carolina pravishya kaunsil niyamaprakaaram oru swakaarya kakshikk indiakkaaril ninnu bhoomi vaangaan kireedatthiloo govarnorilo ninnu licenses aavasyamaanu.

