
nissamshayam

s-hertogenboshinte meyerijil sthithicheyyunna vadakkan braabant pravishyayile oru graamamaan nijansel (vadakkan meyarij upabhasha "nenzul"). mayarijstaad munisippalittiyile oru edavakayaanu nijansel.
padavyuthpathishaasthram.
nijansel enna vaakkinte ardham "puthiya thamasam" ("nij" puthiyath, "sell" ennartham thaamasasthalam) ennaanu. aduthulla kugraamatthinte perinte ardham "pazhaya thamasam" ennaanu. "madhyakaalakhattatthinte thudakkathil praadeshika prabhuvinte bhagamaayirunna pradeshathe ettavum valia veedine soochippikkunna 'vilppana' enna vakkil ninnaan sell enna vaakk uruthirinjathu.
charithram.
uravidam
domel nadiyude iruvashathumulla ninsel, vresal ennee gramangal charitraatheetha kaalath nilaninnirunnathayi ariyappedunnu. bell beaker samskaarathinte puraavastu avashishtangal undu, koodaathe roman kaalaghattatthile avashishtangalum kandethi. madhyashilaayugathil avasheshikkunna niravadhi puraavastu smaarakangalund.
bisi 1500 oode venkalayugathinte aadyakaalathe oru vaasasthalam nijansalil khananam cheythu.
pathinanjaam noottaandil ithinakam paraamarshichirunna, mahanaaya aanthanikk samarppicha oru chappalinu chuttumulla oru vaasasthalamaayaanu nijansel uthbhavichath. parambaraagathamaayi sintt-oodenoorile purathana vrujeerlijkheyidil petta gramamaayirunnu ithu, athupole thanne aduthulla oru kugramamaayirunnu ithu. 1648-leeii mansttar samadhaanathinushesham chaappal adachu. catholica janatha ippol sintt-oodenoodile oru kalappurayil oru rahasya palli upayogikkunnu, athesamayam 1731 muthal shoonyamaaya chaappal oru protestant skoolaayi upayogichu, 1728 ll ninsel vezhsalum swantham school sthaapikkanamennu aavasyappettu oru nivedanam ayachu. 1892ll chaappal polichuneekki.
pathinanjaam noottaandil sthaapikkukayum pathonpathaam noottaandil polichuneekkukayum cheytha kotta tenne houttinte avashishtangal nijansel graamatthil ulppedunnu. eee avashishtangal houtstraattinum hoogstrattinum idayilaanu sthithi cheiyunnathu.
sint-oodenoodinum laishouttinum edayilulla pazhaya roadile oru cheria rekheeya vaasasthalamaayi irupathaam noottaand vare nijansel thudarnnu. pinneedu graamatthinte vikasanam kooduthal nirnnayikkappettath catholica palliyude nirmmanavum vegelseveg-sonseveg (vegal, soonn ennividangalilekkulla rooad) ennivayude saameepyavumaanu. 1911ll "sint antonius vaan paduva" palli udghaadanam cheyyukayum pallikku chuttum oru graamam roopeekarikkukayum cheythu. 
kazhinja dashakangalile ettavum valia maattam 60-80kalil oru puthiya ayalpakkathinteyum 1970ll oru vyaavasaayika mekhalayudeyum varavaayirunnu. thudakkathil, cherukida, 'vrithiyulla' kambanikale maathrame vyaavasaayika mekhalayil praveshippichirunnulla.
varshangalolam graamathe aduthulla sint-oodenoodil ninnu verthirikkunna pravishya rooad enn265 nuu kuprasidhamaayirunnu nijansel. 2003ll samsthaana haiway eiii 50 thurannathinushesham, gathagathakkurukku kuranju, athinusesham eiii 50 graamathinaduthulla oru thurankatthiloode kadannupokunnu. eee haiveyude nirmmaanathodoppam bisinus mekhalayude vipuleekaranavum nadannu.
prakrithiyum bhooprakrithiyum.
nijansalinte kizhakkum vadakkum domel thaazhvarayiloode domel nadhi ozhukunnu. athinte iruvashathum chila pazhaya vayalukalundu. kooduthal padinjaaru oru aarogya veendedukkal ruys heath. domellinu kizhakk kooduthal prakrithi kaanaam
eee moonnu prakrithi pradeshangalum aduthaanu sthithicheyyunnathu, avaykkidayil cherukida vayalukal polulla chila purathana infieldukal kaanam. eee pradeshangal orumichu "hettu grone wood" ennathinte bhagamaanu.
sameepathulla paarppida samoohangal.
sint-audenode, mariyauttu, brugal, soonn, boskant, sijtart, vegel, liempde, eerde, vijbosh, oland, shijandel.

