
shang jian (bisinasukaaran)

oru chainees samrambhakan raashtreeyakkaaranum adhyaapakanumaayirunnu jhang jian (; 1 juulai 1853-24 august 1926), jishi (<unk>), sobrikkatt seen (<unk>). addeham oru "puthiya jentry" ennum audyogika-samrambhakan ennum ariyappedunnu.
jeevacharitram.
1853ll jiangsu pravishyayile haimen kaundiyil shang janichu. general vuu chankinginte keezhil staaf amgamaayi. vuu marichathinushesham addeham janmanaattilekku madangi. thudarnnulla pareekshaykk thayyaaredukkumbol addeham krishi padikkukayum 1894 leeii kottaram pareekshayil ettavum uyarnna maarkk nedukayum oduvil "suvangyuvan" enna padavi uyarthukayum cheythu. pinneedu addeham hanlin academyil sevanamanushtichu. 
athe varsham thanne pithaavine anushochanam ariyikkunnathinayi shang thante janmanaadilekku madangaan nirbandhithanaayi. onnaam saino-japanese yudhathinushesham addeham aadhunika samrambhangalil nikshepam nadatthaanum srishtikkaanum thudangi. saamraajyathva kottaravum praadeshika vyaapaarikalum dhanasahayam nalkia dhaa sann kottan mill addeham pinneedu nandongil sthaapichu. koodaathe, bhoomi veendedukkal, nadeesamrakshanam, aadhunika vidyaabhyaasam, prathyekichu vadakkan jiangsuvil addeham shaakhakal sthaapichu. shang oru vijayakaramaya samrambhakanaanennu pothuve amgeekarikkappedunnu, ennirunnaalum, chila saambathika kramakkedukal 1920-kalil dhaa sann oru papparaaya liquidationilekku nayichu. 
jappaante vijayavum russiayude parajayavum bharanaghadanaavaadathinteyum raajavaazhchayude paraajayatthinteyum vijayamaan" ennu shang prakhyaapichu. 1909ll addeham jiangsu pravishya asambliyude chairmaanaayi thiranjedukkappettu. addeham bharanaghadanayile suhruthukkalude amgathvam nirasikkukayum sajeevamaaya bharanaghadanaavaadikkethire oru rakshaakarthaavaayi pravartthikkukayum cheythu. ennaal 1911 avasaanathode addehathinte chinthakal republican anukoolamaayi maari. thudarnnu addeham puyikk vendi "sthaanathyaagam cheiyunnathinulla yadhaartha saasanam" thayyarakki. nanjingile thaalkkaalika sarkkaarinte samrambhakathva manthriyaayi addeham niyamikkappettuvenkilum yadhaarthathil aaa padavi etteduthilla. 1913ll shang vyavasaya vaanijya mantriyum beyang sarkkaaril krishi, vanam mantriyum aayi.
nettangal.
chainees aadhunikavalkkaranathinte thudakkakkaaril oraalaayirunnu shang. kambanikalkkum faaktarikalkkum purame, addeham 1902-ll aadhunika chainayile aadyathe saadhaarana school, tongshou normal koleju sthaapikkukayum 1905-ll chainayile pradhana bhoopradeshathe aadyathe myoosiyamaaya nantong museum sthaapikkukayum cheythu. addeham naandonginte adisthaana soukaryangal naveekarikkukayum chainayile muun nagaravikasanathinulla oru maathrkayaakkukayum cheythu.
shang jian sthaapichatho dhanasahayam nalkiyatho aaya sthaapanangal
paarambaryamaayi.
swakaarya kambanikal samsthaanathinu sevanam nalkanamenna thante prasthaavanakalil, oru desasnehiyaaya samrambhakante udaaharanamaayi shaangine sii jinping udharikkunnu.