
bomlafjord thurankam

norwayile westland kaundiyile swiyo munisippalittiyile dalshovdayile pradhana bhoopradeshavumaayi stord munisippalittiyile foyno dveepine bandhippikkunna bomlafjorden keezhilulla oru sabsia rooad thurankamaanu bomlafjord tunnel (). neelamulla eee thurankam sharashari samudranirappinu thaazheyaan. europian rooad e39-nte moonnu pathakal vahikkunna ithu sanhordlaandine hougaalandumaayi bandhippikkunna oru nischitha linkaya trikona linkinte bhagamaanu. thurankathinaayulla padhathikal 1980-kalil uyarnnuvannu; 1997-ll nirmmaanam aarambikkukayum 2000 desember 27-nuu thurankam thurakkukayum cheythu. oro attathuninnum rund teamukal nirmmikkunna thurankam drilling, blaasting reethi upayogichaanu nirmmichathu. naise, philait, greenston enniva kooduthalum ulkkollunna pradeshathiloodeyaanu thurankam kadannupokunnathu. carmoitanalen thurakkunnathuvare norwayile ettavum neelam koodiya sabsia thurankamaayirunnu eee thurankam. ithu ippozhum (2013) iii-rooad shringalayile ettavum aazhameriya sthalamaanu. 2013 epril 30 vare toll rodaayirunnu eee thurankam. 2012ll prathidinam sharashari 4,084 vaahanangalaayirunnu eee thurankathinu undaayirunnathu.
aasoothranam.
trikona bandhatthinte pashchaathalam stord, bomlo dveepukal thammil oru nischitha bandham undaakanamenna aagrahamaayirunnu. 1960-kalil stoxundattinu kuruke oru pondoon paalam nirmmikkunnath ulppedunna aadyathe rekhaamoolamulla nirddeshangal thayyarakki. 1982ll norwayile aadyathe sabsia tanalaaya wardo tonnelinte udghaadanathethudarnnu enchineeyar phiin nittar dii.iii. rund dveepukalum thammil oru nischitha bandham nirddeshichu. oru thookkumala paalatthil degrenersendet kadannu oru kosweyiloodeyum thaazhnna paalatthiloodeyum spisoysundettinu keezhilulla oru sabsia thurankathilekkum gasasundettinu mukalilulla oru thaazhnna paalathilekkum thudarnnupoyene. koodaathe, swiyoyile foyno muthal alveracker vare oru neenda thurankam nirmmikkappedumaayirunnu. kambani johannes sorley 1985 ll 700 dasalaksham norwegian kroon (noock) chelavaakumenn kanakkaakkappedunna oru ool-tunnel nirddesham aarambhichu, ithu bomlo, stord, mainland ennivaye bandhippikkunna sabsia tonnelinu kaaranamaakumaayirunnu. oru inter-munisippal kammitti nirddeshangalodu anukoolamaayirunnu, athesamayam hordaland public rooad administration director joseph martinsen padhathi yaadhaarthyabodhamillaathe paranju. 1986 octoberil bomlo, stord, fitjar, swiyo, hordaland kaundi munisippaalitti, anchu baankukal ennivayude munisippal adikaarikalaanu limittad kambaniyaaya yatre sunhordland bru-oog tunnelscap aas (ezz. bii. tii) sthaapichathu.
1986 desemberil pothu roadukal oru paalam nirmmikkaan shupaarsha cheythu. 1987ll ezz. bii. tii. prasidheekaricha oru reportil pradhana bhoopradeshathekkulla oru sabsia tonnelinulla vishadamaaya padhathikal pariganikkukayum thudarnnu fjordil bhookamba sarvekal nadathukayum cheythu. ezz. bii. tii athinte peru sunhordland bru-oog tunnelscap ennu maatti, boardinte bhooribhaagavum oru nischitha linkinu anukoolamaayi maari. kappal gathaagathathe thadassappeduthunnathinaal oru pondoon paalam anuvadikkillennu norwegian theeradesha bharanakoodam ariyichu. 1987 juun 26nuu ezz. bii. tii. yude board ferry sarveesukalil munkoor toll eedaakkaan anumathi nedunnathinaayi pravartthikkaan theerumaanichu. septambar 16nuu 660 dasalaksham dollar chelavaakumenn kanakkakkappetta trikona nirddeshathe avar ekakandamaayi pinthunachu. trikonabandham aasoothranam cheyyaanum angane poortthiyaakkaanum kooduthal samayamedukkumennu paranja hordaland public rooad administration ithine vimarshichu.
1988 muthal paristhithi grouppukal trikona bandhathe ethirkkaan thudangi. prakrithi samrakshanathinaayulla norwegian samoohathinte praadeshika adhyayamaayirunnu ettavum sajeevamaaya eee vibhaagam, vinoda dveepukalaaya foyno, nauttoyilekkulla praadeshika boat gathaagathathe eee rooad prathikoolamaayi baadhikkumenn addeham prasthaavichu. athinaal munisippaalittikal oru pondoon paalam thiranjedukkanamennu avar shupaarsha cheythu. 1991leeii munisippal thiranjeduppinushesham munisippal kaunsilukalkku pothujanangalil pinthuna undennu urappakkaan theerumaanam vaikippikkaan aagrahicha trikona linkinte thidukkathilulla nirmmaanathinethiraaya aakshan kammittiyaanu padhathiyude mattoru ethiraali. apakadasaadhyatha valare valuthaanennum tolukal ethranaal neendunilkkumennu urappillennum paranju oru praadeshika pouranaaya jisley jong padhathiye ethirthu. tolls 60 muthal 15 varsham vare neendunilkkumennu addeham vaadichu. pakaram, advance tolukalum indhana fease upayogikkaanum varumanam baankil vaykkaanum thudarnnu muzhuvan nischitha link save-upp fandukalumaayi adaykkaanum addeham aagrahichu. padhathiyethiraaya bhooribhaagam ethirppukalum stordil ninnullathaayirunnu, athesamayam bomloyil padhathikku anukoolamaayi samavaayamundaayirunnu. thekkan bomloyilaayirunnu apavaadam, avide pradhana bhoopradeshathekkulla avarude ferry sarvees avasaanippikkumenna aashankayundaayirunnu, ithu hugesandilekku ganyamaayi kooduthal driving samayathinu kaaranamakum. thurankangale bhayakkunna alukalekkurichum aashankakal uyarthukayum atharam aalukalkk oru ferry sarvees nilanirthaanulla nirddeshangal nalkukayum cheythu.
1988 februvariyilum maarchilum vividha munisippal kaunsilukal trikona link pasaki. hordaland public rooad administration ippozhum oru pondoon paalathe pinthunaykkukayum oru maasttar plaaninte randara varshathe pravartthanangal paazhaayenn prasthavikkukayum cheythu. trikona linkinu 1989-nte thudakkathil oru puthiya maasttar plan prasidheekarichu. thekkan bomloyumaayi bandhippichirikkunna langwage-buwag ferry nilanilkkanamenn shupaarsha cheythu, ennaal mattu naalu ferry sarveesukal avasaanippikkanamenn shupaarsha cheythu. 1989 avasaanathode, munisippal kaunsilukalum kaundi kaunsilum ferikalilekkulla munkoor tollinginu amgeekaaram nalki, avar 1990 juulai 1 muthal shekharanam aarambikkaan shupaarsha cheythu. ennirunnaalum, arambha theeyathiye deseeya sarkkar pinthunaykkukayum prashnam nirtthivaykkukayum cheythu.
1992 joolaiyil samsthaana kaunsil maasttar plan pasaki. 1992 desember 10 nuu, 1993 januvari 1 muthal praabalyatthil vanna kappalile toll adaykkunnathinu paarlament amgeekaaram nalki. ticket vila 10 num 12 num idayil vardhichu. ithu ferry jeevanakkaril ninnulla prathishedhatthinu kaaranamaayi, avar avarude jolie illaathaakkunna toll eedaakkanamennu paranju; norwegian kadalyaathrakkaarude union prathinidhikal samsthaanathinethire kesedukkunnathinekkur chinthikkunnathaayi paranju. 1992ll aarambhicha vikasana padhathiyude pravartthanangal. athil surakshyum paaristhithika mechappeduthalukalum ulppedunnu, ithu padhathiyude chelavu 200 dasalaksham vardhippichu, 1994 meyy maasathil ithu consultative prasthaavanakalk vidheyamaakki. theeradesha haiveyekkurichulla (iii39) oru report 1995ll prasidheekarichu, athu skersholmen-walewag ferry neekkam cheyyaan shupaarsha cheythu. paalam stordil erangiyathinte aaghaathathekkurichulla tharkkathetthudarnnu, padhathi varshangalolam maattivaykkaamaayirunna oru puthiya padhathi vikasippikkunnath ozhivaakkunnathinulla oru vittuveezhchayaayi diagernukalil oru kalunkupalam nirmmikkaan ezz. bii. tii nirddeshichu. 1996 juun 11nuu paarlament 20 vottukalkku ethire 144 vottukal nedi trikona link nirmmikkaan theerumaanichu. thurankathinu nirddeshicha yadhaartha peru ("sanhordlaandilekkulla portal") aayirunnu, ennaal ithu maatti.
nirmmaanam.
norwegian geological survey groner chernnu bhoomishaasthraparamaaya sample edukkukayum athil pradhana saambilukalum reflection seismology ulppeduthukayum cheythu. nikshepam ozhivakkaan aadyam aasoothranam cheythathinekkaal kooduthal thaazhekku thurankam sthaapikkendathundennu avasaanathe coor saambilukal kaanichu. turanka nirmmaanam rund kambanikalkku nalkki swiyoyile dalshovdayil ninnu aarambhich pothu rooad administreshanaanu karar nirmmichathu, athesamayam foynoyil ninnulla thurankam nirmmichathu ensisiyaanu. iruvarum drilling, blaasting reethi upayogichu. 175 dasalaksham dollar lelam vilichathinu sheshamaan enn. sii. sick karar labhichathu. 1997 septambar 16nuu swiyoyil ninnum 1998 march 6nuu foinoyil ninnum nirmmaanam aarambhichu. mothatthil, mannumalakal verthirichu. foyno bhaagath ninnulla mannumannu barj vazhi austevolilekku kondupookukayum austevol paalam nirmmikkaan upayogikkukayum cheythu. eee pradeshathu roadukalum oru goalf kozhsum nirmmikkaan swiyo bhaagath ninnulla mannumannu upayogichirunnu. sharashari, thurankam aazhchayil oru vegathayilaanu nirmmichathu, record. oro teamil 30 muthal 40 vare aalukal tanalinginoppam pravarthichu. 1999 meyy 5nuu ettavum thaazhnna nilayilethiya eee munnettam 1999 septambar 2nuu, nischayicha samayathinu anchu maasam munbu nadannu. nirmmaanatthil gunait kuthivaykkalum thalikkalum ulppedunnu.
496 dasalaksham roopa chelavidaan padhathiyittirunna eee thurankathinu 487 dasalaksham roopa chelavayi. 2000 desember 27nuu stord paalathodoppam ithu thurannu. thurakkunnathinu aarr manikkoor munbu, thurankatthinte adisthaanam oru vivaahathin upayogichirunnu. toll kambani thurankangale bhayappedunna aalukalkk avarude bhayathil praaveenyam nedunnathinaayi oru kozhs nadatthi, athil 60 perr pankedutthu. 2001 epril 30 nuu audyogika udghaadanam nadannu. athu thurannappol, hitra thurankam kazhinjaal europileyum norwayileyum ettavum neelameriyathum aazhameriyathumaaya randaamathe sabsia thurankamaayirunnu ithu.
savisheshathakal.
bomlafjord thurankathinu neelamundu, europian roottinte bhaagamaayi bomlafjorden kadakkunnu. thekkukizhakk, swiyoyile dalshowadayil ninnaan thurankam aarambhikkunnath. ithu bomlafjordinu keezhil oodukayum pinneedu otteroya dveepinu thazheyaayi kadannupokukayum foyno dveepil avasaanikkunnathin munbu veendum jordinu keezhil thudarukayum cheiyunnu. thurankathinu veethiyum moonnu paathakalumund. thurankathinu ganyamaaya charivundayathinaal rund pathakal mukalilekkum onnu thaazhekkum oodunnu. ithinu sharashari samudranirappinu thaazheyulla ettavum aazhameriya pooyintum uyaravumundu. agnishamana upakaranangal, emarjansi telephonukal, break-daun pulovarukal enniva suraksha nadapadikalil ulppedunnu. trekkukalkku oro vazhikkum vazhithirichuvidaanulla sthalangalum thurankam adachittundenkil drivermaare ariyikkunnathinayi praveshana kavaadangalil laittukalum thadassangalum undu. athil radio coverage thurankatthile ellah vaahanangaleyum kurichulla sthaanavum pradhana vivarangalum rajisttar cheiyunnathinulla oru samvidaanavum ulppedunnu. ellah adiyanthara upakaranangalum berjanile pothu rooad administration sentarumaayi bandhippichirikkunnu. thurankathinu mobail telephone parirakshayund. 2016ll prathidinam sharashari 4,974 vaahanangalaan thurankathilundaayirunnathu.
trikona link bhaagikamaayi toll upayogichu dhanasahayam nalki, toll piriv foinoyilaanu. toll plaasayiloode eathoru kaarum orikkal kadannupokunna tharatthil verthiricha oru kavalayayittaanu ithu nirmmichathu. 2011leeii kanakkanusarichu kaarukalkk 85 roopayum trekkukalkku 270 umm aayirunnu phees. idaykkide yaatra cheiyunnavarkku toll kambaniyilekku kuranjathu 40 paasukalkk munkootty adaykkukayum 40 sathamaanam kizhivu labikkukayum cheyyaam. thurankam panayappedutthiyathinu sesham 2013 eprilil toll pinvalichu.
sankeernavum vaividyamaarnnathumaaya bhoomishaasthramulla oru pradeshathiloodeyaanu thurankam kadannupokunnathu. swiyo vashathulla halsnoy basement roock, stord vashathulla hardengerfjord cover complexes ennee rund paara samuchayangaliloodeyaanu ithu kadannupokunnathu. 500 dasalaksham varshangalkk munbu caledonian oorojeni srishtikkappedumbozhaanu iva randum srishtikkappettathu. halsnoy basement paarayil avashishta, magmetic uthbhavamulla gnies gadakangalulla precambrian paara adangiyirikkunnu. avaa graanait naise muthal myelonite vare vyathyaasappettirikkunnu. rund samuchayangalkkidayillu pradeshathu kurachu gabro undu. ettavum thaazhnna pooyintil, thurankam auteroyayil athunnathuvare prabalamaaya inamaayi thudarunna philaittinte oru bhaagatthiloode thurankam kadannupokunnu. kooduthal philaittiloode veendum uyarunnathinu munbu dveepinu thaazheyulla thurankam greenstoninte oru bhaagathekku athunnu.

