
957 caspian kadal bhookambam

957ll (hijri varsham 346) caspian kadalilum sameepa pradeshangalilumaayi 957ll caspian kadal bhookambam sambhavichu.
charithram.
pershyan iraakh pradeshatheyaanu ithu pradhaanamaayum baadhichathennu avakaashappedunna niravadhi arab, syrian charitrakaaranmaar bhookambathekkurichu paraamarsikkunnu. aadyakaala aaghaathangal 40 divasam neenduninnengilum kurachu samayathekku nilachu. pradhana bhookambam pinneedu sambhavichu, reey, thaalikan, hulwan nagarangalkk kedupaadukal sambhavichu. bhookambathil 150 gramangal nashichathaayi reportund. 
miscaway (11-aamm noottaand), ibnu alle-javasi (12-aamm noottaand), baar hebrius (13-aamm noottaand), alii ibnu alle-aathir (13-aamm noottaand), jorjju elmassin (13-aamm noottaand), abul-fida (14-aamm noottaand), alle-suyuti (15-aamm noottaand), katip selebi (17-aamm noottaand) ennivaraanu bhookambathe vivarichathu. 
alle-suyoothiyude vivaranam eee bhookambathinte gurutharamaaya oru paarokismine soochippikkunnu. kiranatthinu sameepamulla oru parvvatham mungiyathaayum bhookambam oru vidavu (malayidukku) srishtichathaayum addeham report cheythu. kuzhiyil ninnu shudhajalavum pukayum uyarnnuvannathayi reportund. oru graamam muzhuvan athile nivasikalkkoppam eee kuzhiyil vizhungi. thaalikan nilathu mungiyathaayum nagaratthile janasamkhyayil ninnu 30 oolam perr athijeevichathaayum reportund. hulwan poornnamaayum thakarnnu. bhookambam bhoomiyil ninnu vellam uparithalathil uyaran kaaranamavukayum nagaratthinte shavakudeerangalil ninnulla asthikal punarujeevippikkukayum cheythu.
alle-suyuti, abul-fida, baar hebrius ennivarude abhipraayathil, capian kadal (avarude vivaranagalil "valia kadal") mungukayum athinte muun theerathu ninnu pinmaarukayum cheythu. eee pinvalikkal kaaranam puthiya "paarakalum" (skerikalum) dveepukalum prathyakshappettu. theeradesha roopeekaranathile mattangal caspian kadalil sanjaricha naavikare aashayakkuzhappathilaakkiyathi miscaway report cheiyunnu. duranthasamayathu caspian kadal oru virayal avasthayilaayirunnuvennu oru charithrarekha report cheiyunnu.
eee bhookambam vyapakamaaya thakararinum sthiramaaya krasttal roopabhedathinum kaaranamaayathaayi vivaranagal soochippikkunnu. eee vaikalyam thanne caspian kadalinte theerangal uyaran kaaranamaayi. praadhamika srothassukalil ithu vyakthamaayi soochippichittillengile eee sambhavam oru "bhookamba samudratharamgathinum" (sunami) kaaranamaayathaayi thonnunnu.
charitraparamaaya samvaadangal.
charitrakaaranmaaraaya johann jacob reaske (pathinettaam noottaand) iii. eiii. caspian kadalinekkaal pershyan gulfile bhookambathe soochippikkunnathaanu srothassukalennu valis budge (20-aamm noottaand) vishadeekarichu. pakaram roobert maalat (pathonpathaam noottaand) caspian kadalile bhookambathinte sthaanathe soochippikkunna srothassukale vyaakhyaanichu. abbazid khilaafathile jibal pravisyaykkullil bhookambam baadhicha pradeshangal chila praadhamika srothassukalenkilum kandethiyittundu. 

