verkarmaarude yuddham

1944 juulai, august maasangalil nadanna vercourse yuddham, aabhyanthara franch senayude oru grameena group (eff) [macvis] randaam lokamahaayudhathil 1940 muthal france kaivashappedutthiya naasi germmaniyude sayudha sena thammilaayirunnu. (vercourse peedabhoomi) ennariyappedunna pradhana manoharamaaya peedabhoomiye macvis oru abhayasthaanamaayi upayogichu. thudakkathil, macvis jarmmankaarkkethire attimarikalum pakshapathaparamaaya pravartthanangalum maathrame nadathiyulloo. ennirunnaalum, 1944 juun 6-leeii normandy adhiniveshathinu sesham, ekadesham 4,000 macvis sainyathinte neethrthwam free republic oof verkarukal prakhyapikkukayum jarmman adhiniveshathe ethirkkaan oru parambaraagatha sainyam srishtikkaan sramikkukayum cheythu.
sakhyakakshikal parachute thullikal upayogichu aayudangalum upadeshtaakkaludeyum parisheelakarudeyum teamukal vitharanam cheythum maakvisine pinthunachenkilum kalapam akaalamaayirunnu. 1944 joolaiyil 10,000 jarmman sainikar eee malayidukku akramikkukayum 600 ladhikam maakvisardukaleyum 200 saadhaaranakkaareyum kollukayum cheythu. yudhathinte padinjaaran europile germmaniyude ettavum valia pakshapatha virudha pravartthanamaayirunnu athu. 1944 augustil, verkkarukalkkayulla yudhathinu thottupinnaale, american sainyavum eph. eph. aiyum eee pradeshathe jarmman niyanthranatthil ninnu mochippichu.
bhoomishaasthram.
vadakku-thekk paramavadhi neelavum paramavadhi veethiyumulla ekadesham thrikonaakrithiyilulla peedabhoomiyaanu verkers massif. pradesham. kuthaneyulla vashangalulla peedabhoomiye chuttipattiyulla thaazhnna pradeshangal samudranirappil ninnu sharashari uyarathilaanu, athesamayam pindatthinte mukalbhagam grand veymondil ninnu paramavadhi uyarathil ekadesham sharashari uyarathilaanu. paranna meshayil ninnu vyathyasthamayi, moonnu malancherivukal vadakku ninnu thekkott sanjarikkunnu. kuthaneyulla charivukalil ninnu kuthaneyulla roadukal maathrame malakalilekku kayarunnulloo, janangal kurachu cheria gramangalil thaamasikkunnu. sushirangalulla chunnaambukallu paarakalum kaarst bhoopradesavum guhakal, guhakal ennivayude vipulamaaya samvidaanathinum aruvikal, neeruravakal, aazhamillaatha kinarukal ennivayude roopathil uparithala jalathinte shaamathinum kaaranamaakunnu. jarmmankaar jalasrothassukalude niyanthranam ettedukkukayum vellam thedi macvissine pathiyirunnu akramikkukayum cheythathinaal yudhasamayathu eee savisheshathakal pradhanamaayirunnu.
oru valia jarmman sainika kaavalpadayulla grenoble nagaram athinte vadakkukizhakkan attathu verkers maasifinte kuthaneyulla paarakkettukalude thaazhvaarathaanu sthithi cheiyunnathu. verkarukalude thekk-padinjaaran arikinu thottuthazheyaayi chabyooyililaanu oru pradhana adithara sthithicheythirunnathu.
pashchaathalam.
1942 muthal, (stoo, nirbandhitha thozhil sevanam) lakshakkanakkin yuva franch purushanmaare jarmman yudhashramathinaayi nirbandhitha thozhilaallikalaayi jolie cheiyunnathinaayi naasi jarmmaniyilekku naadukadatthaan kaaranamaayi. eee durantham ozhivakkaan pathinaayirakkanakkin aalukal fraansile parvathangalilekkum vanangalilekkum palayanam cheyyukayum jarmman adhiniveshathinethiraaya grameena prathirodha poraalikalaaya maakvisinoppam cherukayum cheythu. 1943-ll parvatharohakanum pattalakkaaranum ezhuthukaaranumaaya moonnu perr jarmman adhiniveshathine cherukkunnathinaayi eee kunninpuratthe oru thadassamaayum staging eriyayaayum upayogikkaan padhathiyittu. ooppareshan aantan (free soonn) jarmman adhiniveshatheyum vichi vermistis aarmiyude pirichuvidalineyum thudarnnu, pathinonnaamatthe curassier rejimentile ambatholam sainikar verkarukalil athiyengilum avar amachwarukalaayi kanakkakkiya maakvisil ninnu svayam vyathyastharaayi.
1943 augustil britiish special ooppareshans executive (esoe) oorganaiseshante ejantaaya rogger enna coode neyim francis camerts verkarukalilekku yaatra cheyyukayum franch sainikanaaya yujeen chaavantine kandumuttukayum cheythu. verkar plan kaamerttukalkk eshtappettu. jarmman sainika senaye kettithookkaanum aasoothranam cheythirunna thekkan france (ooppareshan draagoon) adhiniveshathil sakhyasenaye sahayikkaanum praadeshika maakvisinoppam pravartthikkunna sakhya paaraatroopparmaarkkulla drope sonukalaayi addeham verkarukalum mattu sameepa parvathapradeshangalum munkootty kandu. 1943 november november soyude aadyathe eyar drope aayudangalum vitharanangalum verkers macvissinu kaimaran camerts krameekarichu. 1944 januvari januvari fraansile alpine mekhalayile prathirodhatthinte kazhivukal vilayiruthunnathinayi american oafees oof straattajik sarveesasil (oss) ninnulla us maraine peettar oorttis, franch secrut sarveesile kenal piyar forecad, soyude haari thactwite ennivarulppede moonnu perr adangunna oru union dauthyam. thekkan fraansile sakhyasenayude adhiniveshathe pinthunaykkunnathil oru pradhana punk vahikkaan avare orukkunnathinayi avar kammerttukalkkoppam macvissine samghadippikkukayum pariseelippikkukayum saayudharaakkukayum cheythu. 1944 meyy maasathil union group fraansil ninnu pooyi.
jarmmankaarkk verkers maasifil sainikar nilayurappichittillengil maakvisinte attimari pravarthanangalkku marupadiyaayi saadhaaranayaayi grenobilil ninnu idaykkide reydukal nadatthi. 1943 november 25-nuu nadanna aadya raidle oru wireless oopparettare pidikoodukayum mattoraalkk parikkelkkukayum cheythu. 1944 januvari januvari, kurachu divasangalkku munbu oru jarmman staaf kaar aakramichathinu prathikaaramaayi 300 jarmman sainikarude oru nira oru shiksha paryaveshanathinaayi grands gauletts malayidukkiletthi. oru cheria mcvissard sainyam idungiya roadle avarude purogathi thadayaan shramichuvenkilum avar sthaapicha oro blocking positionilum alpine sainikar avare thokkukaloo purakott thallukayo cheythu; irupathu maakvisukal kollappettu. jarmmankaar peedabhoomiyile echevisilethiyappol avar graamam kathichu. verkers maasifil prathirodhatthinte vardhichuvarunna shakti adichamarthaan jarmmankaar (oru jerman anukoola franch ardhasainika seena) upayogichu. 1944 epril juun 25 vaahanangalude oru nira vasiax graamam akramikkukayum niravadhi krishiyidangal kathikkukayum chila nivaasikale vedivaykkukayo naadukadatthukayo cheythu.
sammishra signalukal.
ooppareshan overloard, normandi adhiniveshathinu munbulla aazhchakalil, 1944 juun 6 nuu, verkers maasifil maakvisinu sakhyakakshikal nalkia nirddeshangal dii-dake thottupinnaale macvis jarmmankaarkkethire uyarnnuvaranamo atho sakhyakakshikalkk paramavadhi sahaayamaakunnathuvare kaathirikkanamo enna kaaryatthil parasparavirudhavum poruthappedaathathumaayinu. sakhyasenayude commander dii. vaitt dii. yude dii-day sandeshangalile vyathyaasangalaan vairudhyangal vyakthamaakkunnath. isenhover swatantra franch nethaavaaya chaals dii gaulum. fraansile ellah maakvisukalodum jagrathayodum shamayodum koodi pravartthikkaan isenhover abhyarthichu, ennaal dii gaulinte vaikaarika sandesham udan thanne aayudangal edukkaanulla aahvaanamaayi macvis vyaakhyaanichu.
dii-dayil, verkers maasifile kaamerttukal rahasyamaaya attimari thudaranamennum ennaal "avaa aavashyamaayi varaan kuranjathu rund maasamenkilum edukkumennathinaal athu marachuvekkanamennum" maakvisinu sandesham nalki. mattu pradeshangalile samanamaaya kalapangal jarmmankaar adichamarthiyennum kaamerttukalkk ariyamaayirunnu. neremarichu, juun 8,2008-nuu, franch prathirodhatthinte praadeshika nethaavu, verkers maakvisinte puthiya commanderk aninirakkaan nirddesham nalki. thante pakkal mannirakale prathirodhikkaan aalukalo aayudhangalo illennu hyoot ethirthuvenkilum sakhyakakshikal sainyathe shakthippeduthumennu descore addehathinu urappu nalki. 
dii-dake thottupinnaale thekkan fraansinte adhinivesham verkers macvis pratheekshichirunnuvena athu rund maasatthilere kazhinju nadannu. sakhyakakshikalaya paratroopermaar athine sahayikkaan maasifil erangumennum jarmmankarodu poraadaan aanti-tank mattu kanatha aayudangalum nalkumennum macvis thettayi pratheekshichu. "ottaykkum yudhasamayathu pinthunayillaathe upekshikkappettathinte kayperiya avastha njangal marakkilla", eph. eph. aii commander landanilekku thante sandesham ayachu. sakhyasenakalude mungananakal normandi frond ooppareshan draagoonumaayirunnu, randaamathethu thekkan fraansilaayirunnu, verkarukalude macvis allah.
jarmman akramanangal.
juun 11 nuu grenoble nagaratthil ninnu sent-nissier-duu-moucherottu graamathilekku oru rahasyaanveshanathode verkers maasifil maakvisinte jarmman adichamarthal aarambhichu. masifilekku seyint-nisiyarilekku nayikkunna eaka rooad niyanthrikkunna macvis cheria jarmman senaye pinthirippichu. juun juun jarmmankaar peerankikalumaayum oru valia sainyavumaayum madangukayum macvis pinmaran nirbandhikkukayum cheythu. juun maasatthinte sheshikkunna kaalayalavil jarmmankaar niravadhi anweshana akramanangal koodi verkarukalkku nere ayachu. sakhyakakshikal juun 27 nuu maakvisinu aayudangalum saadhanangalum parachute cheyyukayum 15 american sainikarude oru ooo. ezz. ezz teamine ayaykkukayum cheythu. vernon jii. hopezhsum mejar desmond longinte neethrthwathilulla nalanga team. longe franch samsaarikkukayo samsaarikkukayo cheythilla, longe teaminte aprakhyapitha varavine camerts apalapikkukayum avare "professional allatha kazhchakkaar" ennu vilikkukayum thekkukizhakkan fraansile muthirnna britiish udyogasthanenna nilayil thante adikaaram urappikkukayum cheythu.
free republic oof vercourse.
francois hyoot maakvisil ninnu oru parambaraagatha sainyathe srishtikkaan shramikkumbol, pathrapravartthakanum dii gaul pinthunakkaaranumaaya yavs farge verkar prathirodhatthinte raashtreeyam samghadippikkukayaayirunnu. 1944 juulai 3 nuu farge oru kammittiyum 1940 ll jarmman adhinivesham aarambhichathinusesham fraansile aadyathe swatantra pradeshamaaya free republic oof vercoursine prakhyaapichu. swatantra republicinu athintethaaya pathaaka undaayirunnu, athaayath.iii.franch republic trivarnna pathaakayil loraine cross verkarukalkkum vijayathin (dii gaulinte swatantra franch oppu aayi upayogichirunna) "vii" yum athinte kottu oof ams aaya franch alpine chamois ulppedunnu. athu oru hraswakaala republicaayirunnu; maasaavasaanathinu munbu athu illaathaayi.
baastil dinam.
juulai juulai 72 american bii-17 bomberukal parachute 870 cley kanasttarukal upayogichu charakkukalum aanti-tank basookakalum ulppedeyulla aayudangal verkarukalkku erinju. athu oru pakal thulliyaayirunnu, jarmmankaar athu vegathil kandethukayum kanasttarukal bombit vyomaakramanam nadathukayum cheythu, macvis poraalikal avaa veendedukkaan sramikkukayum graamatthile 85 veedukalil pakuthiyum nasippikkukayum cheythu. kaanistarukal shekharikkaan maakvisinoppam pravarthichathu puthuthayi ethiya zoo koriyaraaya kristeen granville (kristeena scarbeck) aayirunnu, "randaam lokamahaayudhathile ettavum aakarshakamaaya chaaran."
saadhaarana cheria ratri thullikalkk pakaram, valia, pakalsamayatthe aayudha thullikal, verkarukal avarude senaykkum ashayavinimaya lineukalkkum gurutharamaaya bheeshaniyaayi maarumenna jarmman aashankakal jwalippikkunnuvennu macvis nethaakkal vimarshichu. randaam lokamahaayudhasamayathu fraansil avarude ettavum valia prathirodha virudha sainika pravarthanangalilonnu samghadippikkuka ennathaayirunnu jarmman prathikaranam.
yuddham.
ell. tii. verkers macvis akramikkunna jarmman senayude kamaandaraayirunnu general. ettu muthal pathinayiram vare sainikarumaayi, maakvisinte rakshappedal thadayunnathinaayi piflom sainyathe valanju, juulai 21 nuu oru poornna thothilulla akramanam aarambhichu. jarmman nirakal vadakkukizhakkan seyint-nisiyaril ninnulla oru rodiloode thekote thekk ninnu dye pattanatthil ninnulla oru rodiloode munneri. alpine sainyam sakthamaaya, ennaal cheruthaayi prathirodhikkappetta, pulmedukalude kizhakkan kothalangal marikadannu. eee akramanangalkkulla thayyaareduppukal macvissinu eluppathil drishyamaayirunnu; aakramanatthile athbhuthakaramaaya ghadakam macvis prathirodhatthinte pinbhaagathulla vassiux graamathinu sameepam glider vazhi 200 vyomasenaamgangale irakkiyathaayirunnu. yudhavimaanangalude bombing, straffing macvis sthaanangal enniva glider landingukale pinthunachu.
aaa aadya saayaahnathode jarmman akramanam vijayikkukayaanennu vyakthamaayi. macvis commander hyoot thante nethaakkalude oru yogam nadathukayum parajayam anivaaryamaakunnathuvare yuddham thudaraan theerumaanikkukayum jarmmankaar udan pinmaarumenn pratheekshichukondu vanathilekkum parvathangalilekkum chitharikkidakkukayum cheythu. eph. eph. aiyile hyoottinte unnatha udyogasthanaaya henry seller, mattu pradeshangalile prathirodham ekopippikkunnathinaayi zoo ejantumaar, camerts, granville, wireless oopparettar august floyaras ennivarumaayi chernnu verkarukalil ninnu rakshappedaanum theerumaanichu. sahayam ayaykkaathathin thangal "kuttavaalikalum bheerukkalum" aanennu paranju aljiyarukalile swatantra franch adikaarikalkkum landanile soykkum macvis oru kayperiya sandesham ayachu.
juulai juulai athijeevicha macvis vanangalil abhayam thedukayo thirasseelaykku chuttumulla thaazhnna pradeshangalilekku rakshappedukayo cheythathaayirunnu samghaditha prathirodhatthinte avasana shwaasangal.
anantharafalangal.
yudhathil macvis poraalikalkkidayil undaaya naashanashtangal 659 macvis poraalikalum 201 saadhaaranakkaarum kollappettathayi kanakkaakkappedunnu. 83 perr kollappedukayum kaanaathaavukayum cheythathulppede jarmman nashtam valare kuravaayirunnu.
hoppezhsinte neethrthwathilulla american team longinte neethrthwathilulla zoo team rakshapettu. (longe hyoottineyum ithinakam thanne kaamerttukalum macvis purathaakkiyirunnu. avarkk franch samsarikkaan kazhiyaathe varikayum avarkk aavasyamillaathaavukayum cheythu.) august 6 vare addeham vanangalil olichu, athijeevicha thante sainyathe aninirathaan shramichu. rund divasathinu sesham avar garilla thanthrangalilekku madangi, 27 jarmmankaare vadhichuvennu avakaashappett macvis niravadhi reydukal nadatthi.
thekkan fraansil deerghakaalamaayi pratheekshichirunna sakhyasenayude landing august 15 nuu nadakkukayum sakhyasena maakvisinte sahaayathode athivegam vadakkott munnerukayum cheythu. august 22 nuu grenoble nagaram jarmman niyanthranatthil ninnu mochippikkappedukayum macvis verkarukalil ninnu vijaya paredil march cheyyukayum cheythu.
jarmman yudhakramam.
1944 juulai 8 nuu general neehofil ninnulla yudhakramam anusarichu, macvis duu vercorukalkkethiraaya ooppareshan "bettina" yekkurichu, macvis duu vercorukalkkethire "kamaandant dess" heresgabiates sudfrancrich (thekkan fraansinte sainika pradesham), general kaal flomte keezhil ekadesham 10,000 sinikareyum poleesukaareyum jarmmankaar vinyasichathayi thonnunnu
vyomasena.
1944 juulai 23,24 theeyathikalil oo. bii. vestt. yude dainamdina reportukal prakaram, francreachile militerbefelshaber ayachukodutha prakaram, thaazhepparayunna sainikar 1944 juulai 21,23 theeyathikalil vassiux-enn-verkarukalil ethi. 1944 juulai 21-nuu, falshir-bevahrangstrooppil (probationary sainikar) ninnu 200 oolam perr niravadhi franch sannadhapravarthakarumaayi (leonukalude sipo-esdie allengil moonnaam rejimentinte ettaamathe kambani "brandenberg") chernnu folshir-campgroup "shaffer" roopeekarichu, 22 dfs-230 glyderukalil (oronnum oru pailattum 9 sainikarum) airbone cheythu.
peettar laib parayunnathanusarichu, rund glyderukal thakarnnu veezhukayum avayil ettu ennam alppam munnott erangukayum cheythathinaal aadya aakramana tharamgathil noorolam sainikar maathrame undaayirunnulloo. leoninte (keey. dii. ezz) sipo-ezz. dii. yude commander ezz. ezz.-oberstermbanfuhrar (ezz. ezz. lefttanant kenal) verner naab juulai 21 nuu vaasiyaksil vyomayaathra nadathiyirunnathaayi laib vyakthamaakkunnu. vediyettu parikkettu, juulai 24 nuu 156 "storchu" enna oru feasleril addehathe ozhippichu. verkarmaarudeyum vaasiyaksile nivaasikaludeyum "maakvisardukale" peedippikkunnathilum vadhikkunnathilum addeham oru pradhana punk vahikkumaayirunnu.
1944 juulai 23 nuu, moonnu goo-242 glyderukal (oronnum 2 pailattumaarum 21 sainikarum allengil aayudangalum saadhanangalum) hengel-111 bomberukal valicheduthu, 20 dfs-230 glyderukal oru "oostt-kompani" (austlejiyon russian, ukreniyan, kokkeshyan sannadhapravarthakar), oru paratruper plaattoon enniva valence-chabooyil ninnu vaasiyaksilekk kondupoyi. peettar laib parayunnathanusarichu, kuranjathu rund dfs-230 umm rund goo-242 glyderukalum kooduthal erangiyappol, aayudangalum saadhanangalum upayogichu oru goo-242 maathramaan vaasiyaksil erangiyathu, athinaal randaam tharamgathil nootti ambathu sainikar maathrame undaayirunnulloo.
1944 juun 8 nuu falshirm-campfgroup "shaffer" campfjeshwader 200 ll ninnu verpeduthiyathaayi thomas ketliyum ezhuthi. ithu falshirjagar-bewahrangstroople (probationary sainikar) ninnulla sannadhapravarthakar chernnathaanu, tangerhattil othukoodukayum glyderukalil ninnu akramanam nadathunnathinaayi dedelstorfil moonnu maasam pariseelippikkukayum cheythu. falshirm-campfgroup "shaffer" luftfloat 3 commandinu keezhilaayirunnuvennum campfjeshwader 200 commandinu keezhilaayirunnillennum gunthar gellerman parayunnu.

