
koostoobaras

koostoobaras (greeka κοστοβαρος) mahanaaya naayakante (kostobarasine idumiyayude gavarnarakkiya) oru koottaaliyum naayakante sahodari salom onnaamante randaamathe bharthaavumaayirunnu. kostobaar ennum addeham ariyappettirunnu. 
herodian raajavamshathile mattoru amgam soulinte sahodaranaaya kostobaar aayirunnu. soulum kostobaarum orupakshe kostobaarasinte kochumakkalaayirunnu.
salomiyude bharthaavaaya kostobaar (yuu. ezz.).
adhikaarathilethiya samayat naayakante koottaaliyaayirunnu koostoobaras. bii. sii. 37ll jarusalem keezhadangiyathinu sesham maarkk aantaniyum hasmonian rajaavaaya antigonus randaamanethire veeramrithyu varicha kostobarum nagaratthil ninnulla purathekkulla vazhikal niyanthrichu. eee samayathaan, aantoni herodine yoodayayude chathurpaarshwasthanaayi niyamikkukayum herode kostobarasine idumiyayudeyum gasayudeyum govarnoraayi niyamikkukayum cheythath. sii. bii. sii. 34ll herode thante sahodariye salom enna peril kostobarasumaayi vivaham kazhippichu.
koostoobaras "thaan pratheekshichathilum kooduthalaaya eee anugrahangal santhoshathode sweekarichu", addeham orikkalum "naayakante manushyan" aayirunnilla. addehathinte shradha ellaayppozhum iduviyayilekkum aaa mekhalayile swantham abhilaashangalilekkum aayirunnu. koostoobaras iduvemiyayile oru kuleenav purohita kudumbatthil ninnullayalaayirunnu; hasmonian joonn hiercanus iduviyanukale joothanmaarude aachaarangalum niyamangalum sweekarikkaan prerippichathil addeham athrupthi prakadippichu. addeham chinthichilla... athu... naayakante kalppanakal palikkaan avanu avakaashamund, allengil idumiyanmaarkku... avarkk vidheyaraakuka.iduvia thanne bharikkanum" "valia karyangal nedaanum" "addehathinu abhilaashangalundaayirunnu". eee manobhaavangal addehathe moonnu pravrithikalilekku nayichu, athu addehathinethire veerochithamaayi pravartthikkukayum oduvil vadhashikshayilekku nayikkukayum cheythu.
addehathinte aadya lamghanam ariyapetta (ennaal randaamathethu aarambhikkappedendathu) cleopatra sameepikkukayum idumayaye avalkk (naayakanennathilupari) kaimaran aavasyappedukayum cheyyuka ennathaayirunnu, kaaranam athu "ellaayppozhum avalude poorvvikarudethaayirunnu". koostoobaras "thante vishwasthatha avalkk kaimaran thayyarayirunnu", oduvil thaan athinte bharanaadhikaariyaakumenn pratheekshichirunnu. cleopatra chodichenkilum aantoni visammathichu. athu arinjayudane heero kostobaarasine kollan shramichuvenkilum amayum sahodariyum angane cheiyunnathil ninnu addehathe thadanju. naayakan oduvil costoberasinu thante pravrithikalkku mapp nalki. ennaal athinusesham, naayakan kostobarasine vishwasichilla.
adutha velippeduthal (thudarchayaaya moonnaamathe sambhavam) costoberasinethire salom aarambhicha vivaahamochana nadapadikalude bhagamaayaanu vannath. sii. kku idayil. bii. sii. 27lum bii. sii. 25lum aval addehathinu oru ritt oof raddaki (athu jootha niyamaprakaaram sthreek cheyyaan anuvaadamundaayirunnilla, pakshe salomi angane cheythu), thaan ithu cheythathayi prakhyaapichu... [naayakan] svayam ". oru adima penkuttiyodulla mohavum athinte falamaayi oru vivaham addeham nirasichathum kaaranam eee samayat naayakanodulla ishtam nashtappettirunna naayakante sahodaran ferrorasinte koode raajyam vidaan koostoobaras uddeshikkunnuvennu avar nayakane ariyichu.
thudarnnu salomi moonnaamathe velippeduthal chertthu (ennaal aadyathethum ettavum dairkhyameriyathumaaya lamghanam): ekadesham 12 varshamaayi, naayakante sathrukkalaaya baabayude puthranmaare koostoobaras samrakshichukondirunnu. bii. sii. 37ll koostoobaras jarusalemilekkulla purathekkulla vazhikal kaathusookshikkumbol, baba kudumbavum niyantrikkaan aagrahichirunna chila aalukalaayirunnu, ennaal koostoobaras avare swantham estettil olippichu (janangalkkidayil avarude janapreeti kaaranam), pinneedu avarekkurichulla ellah arivum nishedhichu. eee kaaryangalekkurichu raajaavine (nayakane) ariyichappol... avar thaamasikkunnathayi report cheyyappetta sthalathekku avan [thante udyogasthare] ayakkukayum eee aalukaleyum avarodoppam prathikalaayavareyum kollan utharavidukayum cheythu...angane, costobarus nadappilaakki (c.27-25 bisi).
kostobaar, soulinte sahodaran.
kostobarum soulum rajakeeya veerasahodaranmaarum antipas benn alexassinteyum agrippa randaamanteyum bandhukkalumaayirunnu. kostobaarinteyum soulinteyum maathaapithaakkale josephus vyakthamaakkunnillenkum, "kostobaar" enna peru oru soochana nalkunnu avarude muthachan mikkavarum kostobaar (yuu. ezz), salomiyude randaamathe bharthaav, heero "dhii grettu" nte sahodari aayirunnu. coastober" ennathu oru asaadhaarana naamamaan, josephasinte ellah rachanakalilum eee rund vyakthikal maathrame perittulloo. ithinartham kostobarinteyum soulinteyum anantharavanaayirunnu antipas benn alexas, avarude sahodari cyprose baatt aantipettar vazhi agrippa randaaman, orikkal avarude ammayi bernis (berenis) vazhi avarude aadya cussin aayirunnu, avar aristobulus benn herodine vivaham kazhichu, agrippa onnaamante maathaapithaakkalaanu. 
roman bharanathinethiraaya jootha kalapam aakkam koottiyappol, kostobaar, soul, antipas ennivar agrippa randaamanodu asannamaaya kalapam thadayaan sahayam ayaykkaan abhyarthichu. rund sahodaranmaarum kalapakaarikalkkethire sajeevamaayirunnu.
beth-hooroon yudhathethudarnnu (eiii. dii. november 25,66) jootha kalaapakaarikal roman general sesttiyasine paraajayappedutthiyappol coastober, soul, antipas ennivare kottaaratthil uparodhikkukayum cheythu. pinneedu, kostobaar, thante sahodaran soulinoppam, sestiyasil veendum cherunnathinayi jarusalemil ninnu rakshappettu avar avare greasile aarkkaayayile neero chakravartthiyude aduthekku ayachu.
jarusalemil thaamasichirunna aantipaasine kalaapakaarikal arast cheyyukayum jaililvechu joonn benn dorkes kollukayum cheythu.iii. joonn), "brigaindukalude" [theekshnatha] kammeeshanu keezhilaayirunnu.
josephasinte rachanakalile soul puthiya niyamathile solinte athe vyakthiyaanennu oru frinch sidhaanthamundu. eee sidhaanthamanusarichu, apposthalanmaarude pravrithikalile soulinekkurichulla paraamarshangalum romakkaarkkulla polinte kathile chila vaakyangalum veerarajakudumbavumaayulla bandham velippeduthunnuvennu vishwasikkappedunnu. apposthalanmaarude pravrithikalil, anthiyokyayile kristhyan pravachakanmaarudeyum adhyaapakarudeyum pattikayil soulinte peru nalkiyittundu, manaane pinthudarnnu, "nayakanaaya chathurbhujakkaaranumaayi valarnna", ennaal eee vaakyam souline maneynumaayo naayakanumaayo vyakthamaayi bandhippikkunnilla; romakkaarkkulla lekhanathinte avasana adhyaayathil, paul naayakan enna manushyan abhivaadyam ayaykkunnu, avane addeham oru bandhu ennu vilikkunnu. ennirunnaalum, purathana lokath herodian oru asaadhaaranamaaya peralla, athe adhyaayathil pooll mattu palareyum bandhukkalayi paraamarsikkunnu. eee padatthinu avar joothanmaaraayirunnu ennathilappuram mattonnum ardhamilla. addeham herodian kudumbatthile amgamaayirunnengil, soul theerchayaayum oru roman pouranaayirunnene. mathaparivarthanathinu munbulla addehathinte perumaattam, athil addeham "sabhaye nashippichu", kostobaarum soulum "niyamavirudhavum vegathil kollayadikkapettathum" aanennu oormmippikkunnathaayi kaanaan kazhiyum... ennirunnaalum, thangalekkaal durbalaraayavar, "josephasile kostobaarinteyum soulinteyum akramasakthamaaya perumaattathekkurichu vivaranam pathittaandukalkk sesham poulinte kristhumathathilekkulla parivarthanatthinu kaaranamayittundaakum.
costobarian heerokal.
costoberasinum salom (moothayaal) num rund kuttikalundaayirunnu bernis, aantipaattar. aristobulus benn herodumaayulla vivaahathiloode bernis veeranmaarude costobarian, hasmonian santhathikale onnippichu. rund prinsippalukalude pingaamikalil yoodayayile rund rajaakkanmaar ulppedunnu-naayakan agrippa (agrippa I), addehathinte makan agrippa II, puthiya niyamathile chaalsisinte naayakan, herodias, salomi (ilaya), kshethrathile treasurermaarude oru nira, sahodaranmaraaya kostobar, soul. brittaniyayile kristhyan aristobulasinte maathavaayirunnu ilaya saloom. eee vyakthikalude kudumbavrikshangal chuvade kaanichirikkunnu.