
vennal

skotlandilum englandinte vadakkukizhakkan bhaagathum, prathyekichu pazhaya durhaminte madhyabhaagathu, oru cheria theruvaayirikkavunna rund kettidangalude gableukalkkidayilulla oru paathayaan vennal. 
padavyuthpathishaasthram.
skotlandil, panthrandaam noottaandil srishticha rajakeeya bargukalil ninnaan eee padam uthbhavichath, "alle" allengil "leyne" ennartham varunna pazhaya franch padamaaya "venel" ennathil ninnaan eee vaakk uruthirinjathu. closs" ennariyappedunna swakaarya swathilekkulla oru vaadaka praveshanathil ninnu vyathyasthamayi, oru saadhaarana hye streettil ninnu bargej plottukalkkappuramulla thuranna groundilekku nayikkunna oru pothu margamaayirunnu vennal. phanal" enna engleesh padavumaayi bandhapetta "venella" aanu laattin roopam. 
perukal.
david I sthaapicha scotish burgukal (uyarnna madhyakaalakhattatthile skotlandinte sambadvyavastha vibhaagam kaanuka) nyookaastal-oonn-teyninte burg modaline aakarshikkukayum tounscape savisheshathakalkkayi niravadhi franch allengil jarmman vaakkukal upayogikkukayum cheythu. vennalukal pazhaya pattanatthinte bhaagamaayirunnuvenn aberdeen sitti kaunsil paraamarsikkunnu, charitraparamaaya rekhakal soochippikkunnathu arbrothinu oru vennal undaayirunnu ennaanu. pazhaya rajyamaaya northambriyayude bhagamaaya nyookaasttilineppole durham nagaratthilum pathakal samsaarabhashayil vennalukal ennum ariyappedunnu. 
pradeshangal.
aardezhsiyar, chromarty, kulros, dumphries, dallary, dumphries, dunfermline, eddinberg, elii, aimouthu, forfer, irvin, lanarch, linlitgo, mayball, north berwick, peables, perth (pertthinte vennalukal kaanuka), southu queensferry, stitling, vigtaun ennivayil vennalukal undu. vadakkan irelandile glenarm, bangor (2021 ll upekshikkappettath) pattanangalilum vennalukal undu, ithu alsttar pravishyayude kizhakkan bhaagangalile scotish swaadheenathe prathifalippikkunnu. udaaharanathinu, comberile hye streettinte pazhaya peru "kau leyne" ennaayirunnu, ithu athinte alsttar scots naamamaya "kuu vennal" ennathinte engleesh roopeekaranamaanu.
madhyakaalakhattatthinte kramena parivartthanatthode perth nagarathinu niravadhi vennalukal nashtappettu, ennaal chilath athijeevichu, ippozhum upayogikkunnu gaard vennal, gova vennal, baxtezhs vennal, flesher vennal, oliphants vennal, vaattar vennal, katlog vennal. ezhuthukaaranaaya muriel spaarkkinte nooram janmavaarshikathodanubandhi vennal steppukale miss jeane brody steps ennu punarnaamakaranam cheythathayi 2018 juun 2 nuu prakhyaapichu.
janapriya samskaaram.
edinburghile graasmaarkkattil ninnulla vennal "dhii prime oof miss jeane brody" (1969) enna chithratthil brody thante penkuttikale pazhaya pattanatthiloode nadakkaan kondupookukayum graphrior kirkkaardil avasaanikkukayum cheyyumbol prathyakshappedunnu.