
koniyuchi koottakkola

1944 januvari 29 nuu soviyatt commandinu keezhilulla jootha pakshapaathikalude oru samghathodoppam oru soviyatt pakshapatha yoonit koniyuchi graamatthil (ippol lithwaniayile kaniyukaay) nadatthiya randaam lokamahaayudhathile saadhaaranakkaare, kooduthalum sthreekaleyum kuttikaleyum koottakkola cheythathaayirunnu koniyuchi koottakkola () allengil kaniyukaay koottakkola (). peru thirichariyaan kazhinja 38 saadhaaranakkaar kollappedukayum oru dasaniladhikam perkku parikkelkkukayum cheythu. koodaathe, veedukal kathikkukayum kannukaalikale kollukayum cheythu. innathe litwaniyayil soviyatt particar nadatthiya ettavum valia athikramamayirunnu ithu.
koottakkolayude uravidangal viralavum vibhajithavum pakshapaathaparavum sambhavangalude vasthunishtamaaya vilayiruthaline thadassappeduthunnu. koottakkolaykk munbu, soviyatt pakshapathaparamaaya reydukalil ninnu prathirodhikkunnathinaayi, jarmman sponsor cheytha lithwanian sahaaya poleesinte prothsaahanavum pinthunayum upayogichu graamam oru sayudha svayam prathirodha seena roopeekarichirunnu. eee svayam prathirodha senayude shakthiyum pankum vivaada vishayamaan. soviyatt, jootha srothassukal parayunnathanusarichu, sainyam valuthum nannayi aayudhadhaariyumaayirunnu, sameepathulla pakshapathaparamaaya pravarthanangalkku ithu oru pradhana thadassamaayirunnu. lithwanian, poolish srothassukal anusarichu, kurachu raifilukalumaayi aayudhadhaarikalaaya <aii. dii. 1> purushanmarayirunnu seena.
polandileyum (2001) lithwaniayileyum (2004) adhikritharaanu sambhavangal anweshichathu. muun jootha pakshapathiyaaya yitshaakk aradinu ethire litwania oru pretrial anweshanam aarambikkukayum athijeevicha mattu jootha vettaranmaare chodyam cheyyaan sramikkukayum cheythu-eee nadapadiykku prathishedhangalum kaapatyathinteyum yahoodavirudhathayudeyum aaropanangalum nerittu. 2008ll litwania anweshanam avasaanippichu; 2018ll polandu anweshanam avasaanippichu. koottakkola vivaadaparavum rashtreeya kuttaaropithavumaayi thudarunnu. eee aakramanatthile jootha pakshapaathikalude punk athishayokthi cheythathinu eee sambhavathekkurichulla chila reportukal vimarshikkappettittundu; mattullava koottakkola kuraykkunnathino nyaayeekarikkunnathino shramikkunnu. 
charitraparamaaya pashchaathalam.
bellarus-litwania athirthikkaduthulla litwaniyayil sthithicheyyunna oru graamamaan ippol kaniyookkai ennariyappedunna koniyuchi. randaam lokamahaayudhathinu munbu ithu randaam poolish republicinte bhaagamaayirunnu, 1939 septambaril polandile soviyatt adhiniveshathinu sesham soviyatt-litwania paraspara sahaaya udambadi prakaram ithu lithwaniayilekku maatti. 1940 juunil soviyatt union 1941 juunil naasi germmaniyum litwania kaivashappedutthi. 1942 augustil "general besirk littauyin" ll nadatthiya sensus prakaram graamatthil 374 perundaayirunnu-avaril 41 perr lithwaaniyakkaarum 17 perr druvangalumaanu, bakkiyullavar litwani avyakthamaayi thiranjedutthu. graamatheyum irakaleyum poolish allengil lithwanian aayi kanakkaakkano ennu poolish, lithwanian ezhuthukaar viyojikkunnu. chilappol irakale belarasian ennum visheshippikkaarundu.
1943ll soviyatt paartisanmaar eee pradeshathu kooduthal sajeevamaayi. rudniki vanathinte (ippol) attathaanu koniyuchi sthithicheyyunnathu, avide soviyatt, jootha vibhagangal jarmman senaye akramikkaan thaavalangal sthaapichu. praadeshika soviyatt paarttisinte commandermar moscoyile partison prasthaanatthinte kendra aasthaanamaaya lithwanian vibhaagathin keezhilaayirunnu, athinte adhyakshan antaanaas sneakes aayirunnu. 1943 avasaanathode soviyatt particar soviyatt yooniyanil ninnulla vitharanathil ninnu vichedikkappettu. moscoyil ninnulla nirddeshangal anusarichu, athiraalikalil ninnu bhauthika vasthukkal kandukettaanum avaye vadhikkanum avare anuvadichu. armia krajovayude (hoome armi) poolish pakshavaadikalil ninnu vyathyasthamayi, eee pakshavaadikalkku vyapakamaaya praadeshika pinthuna labhichilla, praadeshika karshakaril ninnulla swamedhayaa ulla bhakshya sambhaavanakale aashrayikkaan kazhinjilla. athinaal, soviyatt paarttistukal pathivayi sameepa gramangalil raid nadatthi pradeshavaasikalkk bhakshana stokku, kannukaalikal, vasthrangal enniva kollayadichu. eee raid karshakarum partikkaarum thammilulla ettumuttalilekku nayichu. ithinu marupadiyaayi, jarmman bharanakoodam pradeshathu lithwanian ooksilari police battaaliyanukale vinyasikkukayum gramavaasikal samghadippikkunna svayam prathirodha unitukalkku aayudangal nalkukayum cheythu. ithu soviyatt particinteyum poolish particinteyum lithwanian poleesinteyum idayil thrimukha sathrutha vardhippikkaan kaaranamaayi, praadeshika nivaasikal madhyathil pidikkappedukayum "thettaaya" pakshatthe sahaayichuvenn samshayikkunna moonnu vashangalil eathenkilum oraal ekapaksheeyamaayi vadhikkappedukayum cheythu.
koniyochiyile sambhavangal.
grama svayam prathirodham.
1943leeii venalkkaalath raid shakthamaayathode koniyuchiyile aalukal nirayudhanaaya oru ratri kaavalkkaarane samghadippichu. 1943 avasaanathode naalu lithwanian poleesukaar graamam sandarshikkukayum oru sayudha svayam prathirodha samgham samghadippikkaan avar sammathikkukayum cheythu. athinte nethaakkalude pilkkala saakshyam anusarichu, group aadya 5 allengil 6 amgangalil ninnu 25-30 purushanmaraayi valarnnu. grouppinte aayudhangalekkurich vishwasaneeyamaaya vivarangalonnumilla. koottakolaye nyaayeekarikkan shramicha soviyatt vrithangal graamatthil moonnu mesheen gannukalum automatic raifilukalum undennu avakashappettu. grama svayam prathirodha yoonittile nethaakkaliloraalaaya vladislavas voronis, thante soviyatt virudha pravartthanangal kuraykkaan sramichukondu, enn. keey. vii. dii nadatthiya yudhaananthara vichaaranaykkide, groupinu ettu raifilukalum patthu sooad-oof shotganukalum maathrame undaayirunnulloovennu avakashappettu. rund avakaashavaadangalum asaadhyamaanennu vilayiruthiya remantas sisas, autposttulla 253-aamath police battaaliyante lithwanian poleesukaar kuranjathu chila aayudhangalenkilum nalkendathaayirunnuvennu avakashappettu. athupole, graamatthinte kottakal nirmikkunnathil oru karar illa. yoodapakshakkaarude oormmakkurippukal graamathinu kuzhikalum vaachu towerukalum upayogichu kottakettiyirunnuvennu oru jarmman samgham polum undaayirunnuvennum avakaashappedunnu; eee avakaashavaadangal poolish, lithwanian ezhuthukaar nishedhikkunnu.
pakshakkarum koniyuchiyile aalukalum thammil niravadhi sambhavangal undaayi. 1943 octoberil aarr sayudha soviyatt paarttistukalude oru samgham bhakshanavum vasthravum mattu vasthukkalum vilamathikkunna moonnu cartloadukal kondupoyi. gramavaasikal pakshakkaare salsiaykku mukalilulla oru paalatthil thadanju swath thirike eduthu. sambhavathil rund kakshikal kollappettuvennathin chila thelivukalundu. 1944 januvariyil, koniyuchiyil ninnulla kurachu aalukal ulppetta lithwanian sahaaya poleesinte oru ooppareshanil oru soviyatt pakshapathiye vadhichu. pakshapathiye pidikoodukayum koniyuchiyilekku kondupookukayum peedippikkukayum pinneedu vadikkukayum cheythathayi soviyatt vrithangal avakashappettu. athupole, soviyatt srothassukal koniyuchiyil ninnulla aalukale soviyatt partikkaarkkethiraaya akramanangalil ulppeduthi. thangalude aayudangal keezhadanganamennum pakshapatha virudha pravartthanangal avasaanippikkanamennum avar visammathichaal prathikara nadapadiyedukkumennum abhyarthichu pakshavaadikal koniyuchiyile thaamasakkaarkk rando moonno thuranna kathukal ayachathaayi pradeshavaasikalude yudhaananthara saakshyam kaanikkunnu. 
muun jootha pakshapathiyum york sarvakalaashaalayile professorumaaya saaraa jinaite 2008 novemberil nalkia abhimukhathil graamathekkurichulla pakshapathaparamaaya kaazhchappaad samgrahichu, graamathinu "pakshapaathikalodu shathruthayude record" undennum "gramavaasikal nirayudharaaya sivilianmaaralla, marichu soviyatt pakshapaathikalkkethiraaya sahakaarikalum poraalikalumaanu" ennum addeham paranju. graamatthil kurachu purushanmaarkk maathrame svayam samrakshanathinaayi thokkukal undaayirunnulloovennu avakashappetta gramavaasikal eee sahakaranm nishedhichu. 
koottakola vyathyastha vivaranangalum.
1944 januvari 29nuu pularche 5 maniyode.emm.moscoyile pakshapatha prasthaanatthinte kendra aasthaanathinte neethrthwathil soviyatt pakshapatha unitukal graamathe aakramichu. akramikkaan utharavittu. jootha pakshapaathikalulppede vividha yoonittukalil ninnulla 100-150 pakshapaathikalaan raid nadathiyathu. januvari 31leeii simanas report anusarichu, vilnius brigade ennu vilikkappedunnathil ninnulla pakshapaathikalum "adhiniveshakkaarkk maranam" (kaunaas brigedinte bhagam), "margiris", redu aarmiyude general staafinte oru prathyeka samghavum (plaattoon nambar ennum ariyappedunnu) akramanam nadatthi. 14). vilnius brigadil pakshapatha grouppukal "faasisathinu maranam", "prathikaram cheiyunnavar", "vijayathin", "poraattam", "idimuzhakkam", aadam mikiviksinte perilulla oru yoonit enniva ulppedunnu). prathikaram cheiyunnavar", "vijayathilekku" ennivayil ninnulla 30 poraalikal koottakolayil pankedutthathaayi pakshapathaparamaaya pravartthanangalude oru logue rekhappeduthiyittundu.
aakramanathinte kamaandaraayi kyapttan maikkal sejko "deth tuu okyoopiyers" yoonittil ninnu remantas sisas thiricharinju. 1944 augustil poortthiyaakkiya thante aathmakadhayil command avakashappetta sejko 1944 eprilil desasneha yudhathinte (randaam klaas) oordar labhichappol command paraamarshichirunnu. 37-aamm raifil divisionil sevanamanushticha belarasiyakkaaranaaya sejko jarmmankaar pidikoodukayum kalwarijayile oru poow campil ninnu rakshappedukayum cheythu.
koniyuchiyil nirmmicha smaarakathil 38 perukal pattikappedutthiyittundu, athil 11 sthreekalum 16 vayassinu thaazheyulla 15 kuttikalum ulppedunnu. kollapetta ettavum praayam kuranja kutty ammayude kaikalil vedivacha vrudhayaayirunnu. oru dussen graameenarkk koodi parikkettu. lithwanian security poleesinte reportukal prakaram 36 veedukal, 40 dhaanyashaalakal, 39 kalappurakal, oru bania enniva kathichu, 50 pashukkalum 16 kuthirakalum 50 pannikalum 100 aadukalum vadikkappettu. oru kanakkanusarichu, graamatthil aarr veedukal maathrame avasheshichirunnulloo. kollapetta rund grameenar lithwanian poleesukaaraanennum oru pakshapathiyum moonnu perkku parikkelkkukayum cheythuvennum athe suraksha police report avakashappettu-soviyatt bhaagath aalapayamonnum illennu avakaashappedunna simaanaasinte reportukal ithine ethirkkunnu. athijeevicha graameenarkk 500 reachmaarkkukalude sarkkar aanukoolyam labhichu. 
yudhathinushesham, soviyatt particar avarude ormmakkurippukalil koniyuchiyekkurichu paraamarshichittilla. soviyatt suraksha ejansikal paripaalikkunna pakshapathaparamaaya pezhsanal fayalukal polum koottakolayil aaa vyakthiyude pankaalittham paraamarsikkaan palappozhum avaganichu. jootha pakshapaathikal koniyuchi sambhavangalekkurichu vairudhyamulla chila vivaranagal ezhuthi. 1969-leeii "kauno gettaas irr joou kovotojay" (covno ghettoyudeyum athinte poraalikaludeyum) enna pusthakatthil dimitri jelpernass mejeris eleanas (mair yelin) eee koottakolaye "ellah veedukalkkum" "nannayi aayudhadhaarikalaaya" hitlaraittukalulla "oru kadutha yudhamaayi chithreekarichu. isak kovalsky (1969) rosca corsack 1977ll prasidheekaricha russian oormmakkurippil kadutha pooraattatthe vivarichittundu. cheyim lazar thante 'destruction aandu resistans' enna pusthakatthil (1985ll newyorkkil prasidheekarichathu) graamam poornnamaayum nasippikkappedumennum vediyundakalil ninnu rakshappedaan pakuthi nagnaraaya aalukal janaalakalil ninnu chaadiyathinekkurichum vivarichittundu. 1988ll pooll bagriansky ettu graameenarude mrithadehangal vikruthamaakkunnathulppedu sambhavangalude oru graphik vivaranam prasidheekarichu. soviyatt union pirichuvittathinushesham ebraham selesnico (1993) ulppede kooduthal vivaranagal rekhappeduthiyittundu. 1990ll lithwanian dinapathramaaya "respablica" aanu athijeevichavarude vivaranagal aadyamaayi prasidheekarichathu.
udanadi prathyaaghaathangal.
lithwanian ooksilari poleesinte report anusarichu, mesheen gannukalumayi 253-aamm battaliyanil ninnulla 52 sahaayikal raavile 7 manikk koniyuchiyilekku pooyi.emm.ennaal, pakshakkaare thadayaan kazhinjilla. soviyatt paarttistukal aduthulla graamangale akramikkum ennu bheeshanippedutthi. rudniki vanathinte maruvashathu, pakshakkar akramikkukayum saadhanangal edukkukayum cheythu, lithwanian police graamatthile pakshakkaare pathiyirunnu akramikkaan shramichu. mattu aakramanangalum parajayappettu.
soviyatt paarttisinte pinthuna nalkunna gramangalkkethiraaya prathikara nadapadikal lithwanian ooksilari police pariganichu. koniyuchiye aakramichathil pankeduttha rund thaamasakkaare pradeshavaasikal thiricharinju. lithwanian suraksha poleesinte reportukal prakaram, 253-aamm battaliyanil ninnulla 40 oolam poleesukaar digiosios selosine valayukayum aayudhangalkkaayi tirayukayum rund thaamasakkaarkk gurutharamaayi parikkelkkukayum cheythu. 1943 octoberil pakshapatha virudha ooppareshanil bataaliyan nashippicha vidjikkaduthulla rund belarasian graamangaleppole thanne dideosios selosine kaikaaryam cheyyaan 253-aamm bataaliyan udyogasthan thante meludyogasthanu ezhuthiya kathil parasyamaayi nirddeshichenkilum athu ozhivaakkappettu. soviyatt paarttistukal jarmmankaarude prathikara nadapadiye bhayappedukayum chila unitukal avarude thaavalangal upekshikkukayum cheythu. moteejas sumouskaas aasthaanamaayulla unitukal sthithicheyyunna naarachu thadaakathinaduthulla vanangalilekku pakshikal pinvaangumenn simanas nirddeshichu. 1944 march aadyathode sthithigathikal saadhaarana nilayiletthi. 
anweshanangal.
canadian poolish kongrasinte abhyarthana maanich 2001 march 3nuu poolish instittyoott oof naashanal rememberance (aii. pii. enn) sambhavathekkurichu aupachaarika anweshanam aarambhichu. police reportukal, encode cheytha sandeshangal, sainika rekhakal, soviyatt paarttisinte pezhsanal fayalukal ennivayulppede niravadhi archival rekhakal instittyoott parishodhichu. niyama sahayathinulla abhyarthanakal pinneedu bellarus, litwania, russian federation, israel ennividangalile stettu prosecutermark ayachu. aii. pii. enn anweshanam 2018 februvariyil avasaanippichu. koottakolayile kuttavaalikal aarenkilum jeevichirippundennu "nyayamaaya samshayathinappuram" sthaapikkaan anweshana udyogastharkku kazhinjilla ennathum athinte falamaayi kuttakrithyathinu kuttam chumathaan arcum kazhiyillennu nigamanathilethiyathum adachupoottalinte audyogika kaaranamaayirunnu.
lithwanian prosecutor general pinneedu 2004-ll koottakkolayekkurichu swantham anweshanam aarambhichu. 2006 eprilil lithwanian dinapathramaaya "ruspublica" yaad vaaseminte muun chairman yitshaakk araadinte ormmakkurippukalil ninnu koniyuchi koottakolayile pankinekkurichu bhagangal prasidheekarichu. 2006 meyy maasathil araadinethire oru pretrail anweshanam aarambhichu. athinte anweshanathinte bhaagamaayi, lithwanian prosecutermaar saaraa jinitte, rachell margolis, fania branstovsky ennivarulppede pakshapatha prasthaanatthile mattu jootha vettaranmaare chodyam cheyyaan shramichu. 2005ll lithwanian president niyamicha lithwaniayile naasi, soviyatt adhinivesha bharanakoodangalude kuttakrithyangal vilayiruthunathinulla anthaaraashtra commissionil amgamaayi arad sevanamanushtichittundu. anweshanathinu marupadiyaayi, yaad washem "naasi adichamarthalinte erakalil" shradha kendreekarikkukayum anthaaraashtra commissionile israeli pankaalittham thaalkkaalikamaayi nirtthivaykkukayum cheythathayi paranju oru prathishedham purappeduvichu. alaksandras lileekkisineppolulla praadeshika naasi sahakaarikale chodyam cheyyaan thiranjedukkunnathil lithwanian judiciary paraajayappettath kaapatyam, iraye kuttappedutthaan shramikkal, yahoodavirudhatha ennee kuttangalkk kaaranamaayi. vyapakamaaya anthaaraashtravum chila aabhyantharavumaaya vimarshanangalethudarnnu 2008 septambaril lithwanian anweshanam avasaanippichu. 
vilayiruthalukal.
koottakkolayude vilayiruthalukal souliyas suzidelis samgrahichu, jootha grouppukal anweshanangale "veerochitha soviyatt phaasist virudha prathirodhatthinu" ethiraaya akramanamaayi kanakkaakkiyappol litwania polandum ithine soviyatt athikramamaayi kandu, ithu amithamaayi lalithamaakkiya nanmayum polandum thammilulla samgharsham sankeernamaakkunnu. naasi jarmmanikkethiraya pooraattatthinte mosham chithram. koniyuchiyude sambhavangal jootha pakshapaathikalude veerochithamaaya prathichaayaye valachodikkunnuvennum sankeernamaaya charitraparamaaya sambhavangalo arad polulla abhimukha vyakthikaloo punarnirmmikkanulla sramangal yahoodavirudhamaayi kaanappedunnuvennum paranja piottar gontarsic samanamaaya kaazhchappaadukal prakadippichu.
aantoni polonskyude abhipraayathil, lithwaniayileyum polandileyum desheeyavaadikal koniyuchiye oru "jootha pravartthanam" aayi chithreekarichittundu. soviyatt paarttisinte vamsheeyathayude krithyamaaya nirnayam saadhyamallengilum, eee roopeekaranangalil juthanmaar nyoonapakshamaayirunnuvennu vyakthamaan. soviyatt athikramangalil joothanmaarude pankinekkurichulla yahooda virudha steeriodaippukalum charitraparamaaya athishayokthikalum charcha cheyyumbol, thangalude naattukaaril chilar athikramangal nadathiyennum koniyuchi, naliboki koottakkolakalil ulppetta pakshapaathikal "valare thinmayulla karyangal" cheythuvennum juthanmaar amgeekarikkenda samayamaayenn polonsky prasthaavichu. 
1999ll pothujanashradha nediya jedwabne vamshahathyaykk virudhamaayi samathulithamaaya oru thirichadiyaayi dinapathramaaya "nass siennik" koniyuchi, naliboki koottakkolakalude kathakal upayogichuvennu hannah maria kviyatkovska nigamanam cheythu. jedwabne kaaranam polandil koniyuchi raashtreeyavalkkarikkatpe athe vikaaram remantas sisas prathidhvanichu. athupole, lithwaniayile oru raashtreeyavalkkarikkatpe prosecution, lithwaniayile holocoastine sahaayicha shikshikkappedaatha praadeshika yudhakkuttavaalikalil ninnu soviyatt pakshapaathikalilekku shradha maattikkond, ekadesham 200,000 joothanmaarude maranathinu kaaranamaaya holocoastine marachuvekkaan koniyuchiye upayogichathayi dovid kaatts paranju. lithwanian anweshanathe "charithratthinte veshammariya yahoodavirudha prachaaranangal" ennu addeham apalapichu.
anusmaranachadangukal.
2004 meyy maasathil, ariyappedunna erakalude perukalulla eee sambhavathe anusmarippikkunna oru smaaraka kurish kaniyokaiyil sthaapichu.

