aaragonile peettar naalaaman

peettar IV (kaattalan "pere IV"; 5 septambar 1319-6 januvari 1387), aupachaarika (kaattalan "ell seremonius") ennu vilikkappedunna 1336 muthal maranam vare aragon, sardinia-corsica, valencia ennividangalile rajaavum barsalonayude kaundumaayirunnu. 1344ll addeham mejarkkayile jaims moonnaamane sthaanabhrashtanaakkukayum mejarkkayile rajaavaayi svayam niyamikkappedukayum cheythu.
aragoninte aikyathinum prabhukkanmaarude atharam mattu upakaranagalkkumethire kireedatthe shakthippeduthaanulla sramangal, avarude nirantharamaaya kalapangal, sardinia, sisili, mesogiorno, grease, baliarics ennividangalile videsha yudhangal ennivayiloode addehathinte bharanam vyaapruthamaayirunnu. greasile yudhangal addehathe 1381-ll ethansinteyum neopatriyayudeyum prabhuvayi maatti.
pinthudarchaavakaasha samgharshangal.
alphons IV-nte mootha makan anantharaavakaashiyumaaya baalaagooril peettar janichu, pinneedu kaundu oof irsensel, addehathinte aadya bhaarya terreza dii 'entenza ennivar. peettar thante pithaavinte ilaya sahodaran jaimsinu nalkia irsensel ozhikeyulla ellah padavikalum avakaashamaayi nalkappettu.
pithaavinte pingaamiyaayappol addeham thante kireedadhaaranatthinaayi saragosa oru "korttukale" vilichu. addeham svayam kireedamaniyukayum, saragosa aarch bishappine niraashappeduthukayum angane peettar randaaman maarppaappaykk nalkia keezhadangal nirasikkukayum cheythu, allengil oru parambaraagatha chadangil. addehathinte thanne pilkkala reportukal prakaram, eee pravrithi addehathinu chila "durithangal" srishtichu. ennirunnaalum, aragoninte swaathanthryangalum aanukoolyangalum addeham sthireekarichu. addeham saragosayilaayirikkumbol kaasttilil ninnulla oru embassy addehathe sandarshikkukayum thante pithaav thante randaanammayaaya elanorinu nalkia bhoomi nalkumennu vaagdaanam cheyyanamennu aavasyappedukayum cheythenkilum sambhaavanakalude niyamasaadhuthayekkurichu vyakthamaaya utharam nalkaan addeham visammathichu.
saragosa aakhoshangalkku sesham, peettar avide kireedadhaaranam sweekarikkunnathinaayi valensiyayilekkulla yaatra aarambhichu. vazhiyil addeham kaattaloniyayude upayogangalum bharanaghadanakalum sthireekarikkunnathinum thante kaattalan prajakalude adaranjali sweekarikkunnathinum leydayil nirtthi. ithu barsalona vranappeduthi, avide saadhaaranayaayi chadangu nadakkaarundaayirunnu, aaa nagaratthile pouranmaar rajavinodu parathippettu, avar leida valansiyayilekku pookunnuvennu avakashappettu. valencyayil aayirikkumbol addeham thante randaanammayude anantharaavakaashathinte kaaryatthil theerumaanikkukayum avalkk varumanam nashtappedutthukayum avalude kaastiliyan samrakshakanaaya leonele jericayileyum peettar ponsine niyamavirudhanaakkukayum cheythu. ennirunnaalum, peettarinte domainukalkkullil jericaic mathiyaya pinthunakkaarundaayirunnu, peettarinu thante sthaanam nilanirthaan kazhinjilla, 1338-ll maarppaappayude madhyasthathayiloode jerica rajaavumaayi anurajanam nadathukayum elanorinu avalude bhoomiyum adikaaraparidhiyumulla avakashangalum labikkukayum cheythu. kaasttilineyum valency lakshyamit morocoyil ninnulla oru puthiya adhinivesham peettarine keezhadangan nirbandhithanaakki.
1338-ll addeham philipp moonnaamanteyum navaareyile joonn randaamanteyum randaamathe makalaaya maria vivaham kazhichu. 1339 meyy maasathil addeham morocoykkethire kaasttilile alphonso shiyumaayi sakhyamundaakkiyenkilum rioo salado nirnaayaka yudhathil (october 1340) oru kappalppadayude sambhavana oru phalavum srishtichilla.
mejarkkayude vijayam.
addehathinte bharanathinte thudakkathil, peettarinte vashathulla oru mull, addehathinte sahodariyaaya konsttansinte bharthaavaaya addehathinte bhaaryasahodaranaaya jaims moonnaamanaayirunnu. jaims rund thavana thante fudal adipanaaya peettarinu adaranjali arppikkunna chadangu maattivachu, oduvil 1339-ll addeham athu nirvahichappol athu addehathinte nibandhanakalanusarichaayirunnu. vyapaarikal swatantra vipanikal sthaapikkukayum padinjaaran meditareniyanil vyapara aanukoolyangal nedukayum cheytha mejarkkayude valarnnuvarunna saambathika nakshatram barsalonayude aadhipathyathe bheeshanippedutthi. mejorkayude swarnna naanayangalum fraansinteyum italiyudeyum sakthikal nalkia nayatantra samathvavum peettarine kooduthal prakopippichu, athesamayam jaims morocoyile rajaavum peettarinte sathruvumaaya abu alle-hasanumaayi sakhyamundaakki. ennirunnaalum, 1341 vare peettarinte roshathinu oru vazhiyum nalkiyilla, montpelliyarinte prabhuvayulla tharkkaparamaaya avakaashangalekkurichu franchukaar aakramikkumenn jaims bheeshanippeduthukayum thante paramadhikaariyaaya aragoninode sahaayathinaayi aavasyappedukayum cheythu. fraansine vranappeduthaathirikkaano jayimsine pinthunaykkaathirikkaano vendi, peettar mejarkka raajaavine barsalonayile oru "courtilake" vilichuvaruthi, avide thaan varillennu ariyamaayirunnu, jaimso addehathinte prathinidhiyo hajarakan paraajayappettappol, peettar jayimsinodulla oru adhipathiyude baadhyathakalil ninnu svayam swathanthranaayi prakhyaapichu.
jayimsine thante raajyathil ninnu puratthaakkuka enna uddeshyathode peettar jayimsinethire oru niyama nadapadikramam aarambhichu. roosillan, serdane kaundikalil jayimsinte nanayangal vitharanam cheiyunnathu naanayangalude kuthakaykkulla rajakeeya avakaashathinte lamghanamaanennu addeham aaropichu. roosillan, serdane ennivayude purathana achaarangal kanakkiledukkumbol ithu chodyam cheyyaan thayyarayirunnu, pakshe peettar enthaayaalum munnott pookaan thayyarayirunnu. ennirunnaalum, klement araman maarppaappayude edapedal maarppaappayude prathinidhikalkk munnil barsalonayil jaimsinu oru vaadam kelkkaan anuvadichu. jaims thanne pidikoodaan shramikkukayaanenna abhyoohangal peettar pracharippichu. peettar mejarkka akramikkukayum balamaayi pidichedukkukayum cheiyumennu bhayann jaims dveepil thirichetthi prathirodham orukki. 1343 februvariyil peettar jayimsine oru saamantharaajyakkaaranaayi prakhyapikkukayum addehathinte raajyavum bhoomiyum nasippikkukayum cheythu.
niyamaparamaaya prakriya avasaanippichathode, dveepukaarkku nikuthikal bharamaayennum thante pinthuna pettennu uyarumennum upadeshichukond peettar yudhathinu pooyi. meyy maasathil aaljaseerakale thadayunna oru kappalppada mejarkkayil erangukayum santa ponsa yudhathil jayimsinte sainyathe vegathil paraajayappedutthukayum cheythu. peettar ellah baliaric amgathvavum sweekarikkukayum jaims onnaamante keezhil undaayirunna dveepukalude prathyekaavakaashangal sthireekarikkukayum cheythu. jaims samaadhaanathinaayi cases phayal cheyyukayum kliment marpappa madhyasthatha vahikkaan sramikkukayum cheythenkilum, roosilanineyum serdagin akramikkaan thayyaraya peettar barsalonayilekku madangi. oduvil 1344ll iva keezhadakkiya sesham jaims surakshithamaaya perumaattatthil keezhadangi, ennaal oru cheria prabhuvinte padaviyilekku apamaanakaramaayi svayam thaazhthappettu. maarchil peettar thante raajyam aragoninte kireedatthil shaashvathamaayi ulppeduthiyathaayi prakhyapikkukayum aachaaraparamaayi athinte rajaavaayi svayam kireedamaniyikkukayum cheythu.
sainikajeevitam.
madrid udambadiyiloode, aaljaseerasinethiraaya (1344) vijayakaramaya aakramanathilum morocan prathyaakramanathil ninnu prathirodhikkunnathiloode jibraltarinethiraaya (1349) parajayappetta shramathilum kaasttilile alphonso pathinaarine sahayikkaan peettar nirbandhithanaayi.
peettarinu purushaprashnamillaathinal, addehathinte sahodaran kaundu jaims oof irsessel aragonese simhaasanathinte anantharaavakaashiyaayirunnu. kaalakramena jayimsinte uddeshyangale peettar avishwasichu. sthreekale simhaasanathil ninnu ozhivakkaan jaims onnamanum alphonso nalaman sthaapicha mungaamikal undaayirunnittum pakaram thante makal konsttansine thante anantharaavakaashiyaayi kanakkakkaan peettar theerumaanichu. eee lakshyathinaayi, parambaraagathamaayi aragonese simhaasanathinte randaam niraykku neekkivachirikkunna procurator general enna thante sthaanam jaims vittukodukkanamennu addeham aavasyappettu. jaims saragosayilekku palayanam cheythu, avide rajaavu vazhi thangalude adikaarangal veendum sthaapikkaan aagrahikkunna chila prabhukkanmaarude preethi addehathinu labhichu. peettar oduvil saragosa oru courtus kaivasham vaykkaanulla sammarddathinu keezhadangi, avide thanikk ithuvare takarkkaan kazhiyaatha oru kalapam adichamarthaan rajakeeya adhikaarathinte niravadhi elavukal nalki. konsttansine anantharaavakaashiyaayi namakaranam cheyyaanulla addehathinte sramam raddaakkukayum jayimsine prokkurettar generalayi punasthaapikkukayum cheyyuka ennathaayirunnu atharam elavukalilonnu. kooduthal naashanashtangal ozhivakkaan, sardiniyayil vikasichukondirikkunna oru prathisandhiye abhimukeekarikkendivarumenna adisthaanathil peettar courtukal pirichuvittu. adhikam taamasiyaathe, peettar kaattaloniyayilaayirunpol jaims pettennu marichu. jaimsinu visham nalkaan peettar krameekarichu ennu palarum samshayichu. avarude nethaavine nashtamaaya aragoninte union valareyadhikam durbalapettu.
valansiaykku aduthaayi, peettar aragonile athinte ethiraaliyil ninnu athinte soochana sweekaricha navagatha valencian unione nerittu. murveedroyil (saagand), peettar thante randaanachan ferrane puthiya procurator generalayi namakaranam cheyyaan nirbandhithanaayi. unionistukale samaadhaanippikkunnathinaayi rajakeeya adhikaarathinte adhika elavukal nalki. ithavana addeham oru mosham sahacharyam upekshikkaan shramichappol, peettarine yooniyante thadavukaaranaayi valencyayil kaaval nirtthi. orupakshe addehathinte ettavum valia vinayam sahicha adhehavum raajnjiyum thante keezhppedutthal prakadippikkunnathinaayi saadhaaranakkaarodoppam nritham cheyyaan nirbandhitharaayi. virodhaabhaasamennu parayatte, addehathinte raksha karutha maranamaayirunnu. 1348 meyy maasathil eee playg valency thakarthu, ithu aashayakkuzhappathinidayil peettarine rakshappedaan praapthanakki. aragonil kooduthal shaktharaaya raajakeeyavaadikalude oru sainyathe kootticherthukondu peettar 1348 juulai 21 nuu epila yudhathil unionist senaye aakramichu. peettar samboornna vijayam nedi. saragosayilekku neengiya peettar pathimoonnu union nethaakkale maathrame vadhichulloo. pathinalam noottaandile maanadandangal anusarichu, ithu udaarathayude oru valia pradarshanamaayirunnu. valencyayude vidhiyude kaaryatthilum angane parayaan kazhiyilla. nagaram muzhuvan kathikkukayum uppu vithaykkukayum cheyyaruthennu bodhyappettathine thudarnnu palareyum vadhichu. visheshichum, valencian union athinte yogangal vilikkaan vilicha munny addeham urukki. munny urukia loham union nethaakkalude thondayil ozhichu, avarkk "athinte madyam aaswadikkaan"."
1356-ll addeham kaasttilile peettar onnamanumaayi "rund peettezhsinte yuddham" ennu vilikkappedunnathil earppettu. 1375ll almazan udambadiyode avasaanicha ithu, karutha maranavum niravadhi prakrithi duranthangalum kaaranam oru vijayiyumillatheyaayi.
1377ll addeham sisili keezhadakkiyenkilum aaa avakasham addehathinte makan martinu nalkappettu.
peettar naalaaman thante bharanakaalathudaneelam aragonile inkvisittar generalaya nicolas imericumaayi idaykkide samgharshangalil earppettirunnu.
1349-ll jaims mejarkka akramikkukayum ennaal lookmajar yudhathil peettarinte sainyathodu nannayi paraajayappedukayum cheythu. jayimsinte maranashesham, peettar thante pingamiyaaya jaims naalaamane 1375-ll marikkunnathuvare audyogika nibandhanakalil thante rajakeeya padavi nilanirthaan anuvadichu. aaa theeyathikku sesham peettar padavi etteduthu. nova plaanta utharavu undaakunnathuvare aragon kireedatthinte ghadaka kireedangalilonnaayi mejarkka thudarnnu.
67-aamm vayassil peettar barsalonayil vachu marichu.
generalite.
barsalona, wilafranka dell penedes, servera ennividangalil aakhoshicha oru korttukalil 1358-1359, peettar generalitaatt sthaapichu. kaastail aduthide aragonin valency akramikkukayum kireedatthinte saambathika, bhauthika nayangalkk melnottam vahikkaan oru dussen prathinidhikale niyogichu sarkkaarine kaaryakshamamakkaan courtus theerumaanikkukayum cheythu. aadyathe "generalitaatt president" gironayile bishappaya berengavar dii croolins aayirunnu (1359).
addehathinte bharanathinte avasaanathode (sii. 1370) kireedatthinte adhikaarathinte charitraparamaaya adisthaanam rekhappeduthunnathinaayi peettar "chronicle oof saant john dii laa penia" samaharikkaan utharavittu.
joothanmaarumaayulla bandham.
charitraparamaaya rekhakal anusarichu, oru kristhyani sparshicha kosher veenju kudikkaan joothanmaare anuvadikkaathathenthukonna chodyathil aragonile peettar nalaman addehathinte jootha doctor thammil souhrudaparamaaya tharkkamundaayirunnu. appol raajaavinte paadangal kazhukaan doctor vellam konduvannu, athu ashudhiyekkurichulla bhayam nirodhanathinu kaaranamallenn theliyikkaan addeham kudichu.
vivaahavum kuttikalum.
1338 juulai juulai alagonilvechu navaareyile philipp moonnaamanteyum navaareyile joonn randaamanteyum makalaaya mariyayumayulla (1329-29 epril 1347) aadya vivahamaayirunnu. avarkk naalu kuttikalundaayirunnu
1347 november november barsalonayilvechu porchugalile afonso naalaamante makalaaya elanorumaayi (1328-29 october 1348) aayirunnu addehathinte randaamathe vivaham. oru varshathinusesham karuthavargakkaarude maranathe thudarnnu avar marichu.
1349 august august valansiyayilvechu sisiliyile peettar randaamante makalaaya elanorumaayi (1325-20 epril 1375) aayirunnu addehathinte moonnaamathe vivaham. avarkk naalu kuttikalundaayirunnu
1377 october october barsalonayil vachu sibilayumaayullathaayirunnu addehathinte avasana vivaham. - 4 allengil 24 november 1406), fortyayile bernaattinte makalum munbu addehathinte yajamanathiyaayirunna artle oof fokkasinte vidhava. avarkk moonnu kuttikalundaayirunnu

