
procoptodone

plistoseen kaalaghattatthil austreliyayil jeevichirunna bheeman hraswamukhamulla (stenoorin) kangaarookkalude vamshanasham sambhavicha oru janussaanu procoptodone. "pii. ithuvare nilaninnirunnathil vachu ettavum valia ariyappedunna kangaru inamaaya golia ekadesham nilayurappichu. avar ekadesham thoongi. eee janussile mattu amgangal cheruthaayirunnu, ennirunnaalum ekadesham uyaramulla stenurine kangaarookkalil ettavum cheruthaanu "procoptodone gillie".
simosthenurus" enna peril ninnu uruthirinja eee januss, randaamathethu paraphyletic janussai maarunnu.
vivaranam.
"procoptodone" shareerashaasthram samakaalika kangaarookkalude shareeraghadanaykku samaanamaayirikkaam; ennirunnaalum, "procoptodone golia" athinte valia valippathinte savisheshathayaanu. innu jeevikkunna ettavum valia kamgaarukkalude moonnirattiyekkaal valuppamulla enangal eee stenurain allengil hraswamukhamulla kangaaruvil ulppedunnu. ettavum valuth, "pii. golia ", uyaravum bharavumullavalaayirunnu. eee mrugangal aadhunika inam kamgaarukkalkkoppam jeevichirunnuvenkilum marangalil ninnum kuttichedikalil ninnumulla elakalude bhakshanathil prathyeka vaidagdhyam nedi. "paranna mukhangalum munnottulla annukalum kondu verthirichariyaan kazhiyunna valuthum hrasvavumaaya mukhamaayirunnu". oro kaalilum, avaykku kuthirayude kulambinodu saamyamulla orotta valia calviralo nakhamo undaayirunnu. eee asaadhaaranamaaya kaalukalil, avar thuranna vanangaliloodeyum samathalangaliloodeyum vegathil neengi, avide avar pulla elakalum bhakshikkaan thedi. avarude munkaalukal orupole vichithramaayirunnu; oro munkaalukalkkum valia nakhangalulla rund adhika neelamulla viralukalundaayirunnu. bhakshana akalathinullil elakal konduvarunnathinaayi shaakhakal pidikkaan avaa upayogichirikkaam.
vitharanavum aavaasavyavasthayum.
"procoptodone" pradhaanamaayum thekkan australiyayileyum nyoo southu veyilsileyum ardha varanda pradeshangalil thaamasikkunnathinu perukettathaanu. marangalillaathathum kaattil veeshunnathumaaya manalkkunnukalude vishalamaaya pradeshangalude savisheshathayaaya eee chuttupaadukal kadinamaayirunnu. ennirunnaalum, padinjaaran nyoo southu veyilsile menindi thadaakathinu chuttumulla pradeshathu "procoptodone" nilavilundaayirunna samayat thanuthathum eerppamullathumaaya kaalaavasthayaayirunnu. chuttumulla pradesham sclerophyl vanam, vanam, savanna, samathalangal ennivayude oru mosaikkaayirunnu, ennaal menindiyude arikukalil manalkkunnukalum roopappettirikkum. kangaroo dveepilum phoosil kaalppaadukal kandethiyittundu.
paleobiology.
chalanathmakatha.
"procoptodoninu" oru gathagatha maarggamaayi kuthikkan kazhinjilla, mathramalla athinte bharam kaaranam vendathra vegatha kaivarikkaan kazhiyumaayirunnilla. tortion allengil twisting prathirodhikkaan anuyojyamaaya vishalamaaya iduppum kanankaalinte sandhikalum oru samayat oru call bharam pinthunaykkunna oru neraaya bhaavathilekku viral choondunnu. athinte vishalamaaya iduppu mattoru pradhana parishkkaranatthinum anuvadichu-valia nithambangal-mattu nadattha inangalumaayi pankitta oru savisheshatha.
ennirunnaalum, "p"-yude saadhyamaaya chalanathe chila avyakthathakal chuttippattiyund. golia ". chila gaveshanangal soochippikkunnathu eee inam orupakshe ithuvare nilaninnirunnathil vachu ettavum valia hopping sasthaniyaayirikkam ennaanu. oru valia hopping marsupialinu ettavum anuyojyamaaya bharam ekadesham 50-60 kilogram aanennu gaveshanangal soochippikkunnu. valia mrugangal, prathyekichu valia "pii. golia, "hopping cheyyumbol tendon pottanulla saadhyatha ganyamaayi kooduthalaanu. pii. golia "hoppingiloode sanjarichirikkanam, valipavum vegathayum thammilulla ettavum uyarnna santhulithaavastha uyarnnathayirikkum, kaaranam eee chalana reethi vazhi vahikkaan kazhiyunnathil vachu ettavum valia body athaayirikkumaayirunnu.
pii" yude asthi ghadana anuvadikkunna prathyaksha shareeraghadanaye adisthaanamaakkiyulla oru kooduthal saadhyathayulla nirddesham. uyarnna vegathayil plantigrade hopparukalaaya aadhunika kangaarookkalil ninnu vyathyasthamayi, mandagathiyilulla vegathayil pentapedal locomotionil avarude vaalukal upayogikkunna "procoptodone" hominidukalkku samanamaaya reethiyil nadakkunna oru unguligrade biped aayirunnu. musculoskelital scaling paattenukalude parishodhanayiloode locomotion mechanics physiology anweshikkappettittund. ettavum valuth, "pii. golia ", uyaravum bharavumullavalaayirunnu. pii. golia, "tendon stress thiricharinju, ithu parimithamaaya chalana sheshikale soochippikkunnu, ithu shareera pindove chalana seshiyum thammilulla parasparabandham thurannukaattunnu. tendonukalile villalukal kaikaalukalile peshikalude ilaasthikathayil sammarddam kaanikkunnu, ithu orupakshe "p" yude anumanaparamaaya kazhivinu thelivu nalkunnu. golia "hoopp" cheyyaan saadhyathayilla. locomotive prakadanam kaaranam, eee inam manushya vettayaadalinu irayaakaanidayundu. 
thekkan australiyayile naracourt loka paithruka phoosil nikshepangalilum nyoo southu veyilsile lake menindiyilum kweenslandile priyappetta daunukalilum mattu pala sthalangalilum bheeman hraswamukhamulla kangaarookkalude fossilukal kandethiyittundu. poornna valippathilullathum jeevanullathumaaya oru pakarpp australian myoosiyathil mattu purathana thaddesheeya australian mrugangalkkoppam sthiramaayi pradharshippichirikkunnu.
bhakshanakramavum mollar paattenukalum.
eee mrugangal aadhunika inam kamgaarukkalkkoppam jeevichirunnuvenkilum marangalil ninnum kuttichedikalil ninnumulla elakalude bhakshanathil prathyeka vaidagdhyam nedi. avayude karuthutta thalayotti vaasthuvidya hrasvamaaya mukhangalum bhakshanam chavaykkaan upayogikkunna vardhicha maassettar pesikalumaayi bandhappettirikkunnave karuthappedunnu. pii" yude dental microvire. oru browsing dietine golia pinthunaykkunnu. valia bikespeedukal, cranulated dental kireedangal, pii yude phoosil thelivukalil kaanapedunna oru valia asthi thaadiyellu. ganyamaaya alavil elakkaalitheetta samskarikkunnathinum dahippikkunnathinum golia aavashyamaayirunnu. sthirathayulla isotopic daatta soochippikkunnathu, saadhaaranayaayi pullukalumayi bandhapetta sii 4 photosynthetic paatha upayogikkunna sasyangal ithinte bhakshanathil ulppedunnu ennaanu. ennirunnaalum, eee saahacharyathil, semi shushka oostreliyayiludaneelam kaanapedunna chenopod saltbushukal sii 4 signecharinte uravidamaayi kanakkaakkappettirunnu. [plistoseen kaalaghattatthinte randaam pakuthiyil varalchayude theevratha "p" nte parinaama purogathi pracharippichu. dhaaraalam varanda sasyangalumayi poruthappedaan golia. pii. bhookhandathiludaneelamulla plistoseen macropodidukalil ettavum vyaapakamaayi vitharanam cheyyappetta inamaayirunnu golia, vamshanasham sambhavicha mattethoru plistoseen stenoorinekkaalum kadinamaaya bhakshanakramavumaayi eee inam poruthappettathaayi kaanikkunnu. macropus jigantiyasinu" samaanamaayi, "procoptodoninu" mollar paattenukalundu, athu avaykku samanamaaya, pullulla, sasyabhakshana bhakshanakramam (elakalkku vipareethamaayi) undaayirunnu, meikkal mrugangalaayirunnu, ennaal vamshanasham sambhavicha sasyabhukkukalude prathyeka bhakshanakramavum munganana nirnnayikkunnath budhimuttaanu. pii" yude isotopic gadanayekkurichulla padanatthiloode. goliyayude pallu inaamal, biomechanical asthi savisheshathakalkk purame, bhakshana soochanakalum bhakshana swabhaavavum kandethiyittundu. austiological pratheekangal "pii" yude thelivukal nalkunnu. naarukalulla pachakkarikalum uppu upabhogavum kaikaaryam cheyyaanulla goliyayude kazhivu. ithu, uppu upabhogam kaikaaryam cheiyunnathinu eee inam oru jalasrothassinodu aduthaayirikkanamenna vishwaasathilekku nayikkunnu; athesamayam, avayava avashishtangal jalasrothassukalilekkum athil ninnumulla doorangal sanjarikkaanulla kazhivine soochippikkunnuvennu chila sidhaanthangal uyarnnuvaraan thudangiyirikkunnu.
vamshanaashabheeshani.
vamshanasham sambhavikkunnathin munbu kuranjathu 45,000 varshangalkk munbu vare eee januss nilavilundaayirunnuvena chila thelivukal soochippikkunnathu ithu 18,000 varshangalkk munbu vare nilaninnirikkaam ennaanu. plistoseen kaalaghattatthile kalavastha vyathiyaanangalo manushya vettayo aayirikkam athinte vamshanaashathin kaaranam. manushyante madhyasthathayil nadakkunna vamshanasha prakriyayude sidhaanthathe pinthunaykkunnavar, australian bhookhandathilekkulla manushyarude varavu eee inam aprathyakshamaaya athe samayathaan sambhavichathenn udharikkunnu. manushyarude edapedalukal eee vamshanaashathe sugamaakkiyennathinte kooduthal thelivukal vamshanaashamundaayathinulla kaalayalav thaarathamyena sthirathayulla kaalavasthayaanu. ennirunnaalum, "pii" yude vettayaadalino upabhogathino thelivukalonnumilla. phoosil rekhakalil manushyarude 'golia' kandethiyittundu.
ennirunnaalum, vamshanaashathin 1,000 varshangalkk munbu manushyar athiyathaayi kaanikkunna puthiya thelivukal kandethiyittundu.
australiyayile manushyarude thee adisthaanamaakkiyulla vananaseekaranam moolamundaaya poshakasamriddhavum thee sensitiivu aaya sasyangalkk pakaram kathunnathum poshakasamriddhamallaathathumaaya sasyajaalangal maattisthaapikkunnath "pii" yill valia punk vahichathayi chila gaveshakar anumaanikkunnu. ekadesham 50,000 varshangalkk munbu (kyaa) golia mattu australian megaphonel vamshanaashangalum. ennirunnaalum, "pii" yude bhakshanakramam. praadhamikamaayi chenopodukalum" atriplexes "aaya golia, theepiduttham kuravaayirunnu, thee moolamulla valia thothil baadhikkappedaathe thudarnnu. eee bhakshanareethikal "pii. theeyil ninnulla bhakshyavitharanathile kuravaanu valia thothil goliyayude vamshanaashathin kaaranam. athesamayam, kamgaarukkalude neendunilkkunna prajnana chakrangal kaaranam, manushya vettaykku sesham janasamkhya vardhippikkaanulla avarude kazhivu valare parimithamaayirunnu.
paaristhithika gadakangal.
varandathum varandathumaaya parithasthithiyil thamasikkunna kangaarookkal pallukalude inaamalinte uyarnna saandrata prakadippikkunnathaayi theliyikkappettittund, ithu sasya sasyangal kazhikkunnathiloode paroksha jalamsham moolamundaakunnu. eee inaamalinte thaazhnna nila "p" ll. aadhunika mechilkkoorakalumaayi thaarathamyappeduthumbol samanamaaya paaristhithika maanadandangalulla pradeshangalil kaanapedunna goliyayude pallukal soochippikkunnathu thadaakangalum aruvikalum polulla swathanthramaayi nilanilkkunna jalasrothassukale ithu valareyadhikam aashrayichirunnuvennaanu.
p" yude valuppam nalkiyaal. golia valia, swathanthramaaya jalasrothassukale anukoolikkaanulla pravanathayum oostreliyayude thekkan ulpradeshathu 55 kyaa shekharikkunna episodic varalchayum theerchayaayum athinte janasamkhyaye baadhichekkaam. ennirunnaalum, atharam varalcha kazhinja 7 dasalaksham varshangalayi eee pradeshathe savisheshathayaayi rekhappeduthunnu, "p. eee kaalayalavil golia "onniladhikam theevramaaya varanda episodukale athijeevichu. p" yude ekadesha vamshanaashathin sesham 1,000 varshangalkk sesham 5,000-10 vare mazhayil kaaryamaaya kuravundaayilla. golia "45-50 kyaa, 20 kilometer avasaanathe himanadiyude uyarnna varalchaykku munbu. atharam varalchakal "pii" yude vamshanaashathil nirnaayaka punk vahikkaamaayirunnuvenna oohaapohangale eee gadakangal thettayi theliyikkunnu. golia ".
pii" yude vamshanaashamenna rund avakaashavaadangaleyum chila thelivukal pinthunaykkunnu. plistoseen kaalaghattatthile kalavastha vyathiyaanangalo manushya vettayo aayirikkam goliaykk kaaranam. "pii. swathanthramaayi nilakollunna vellathe valareyadhikam aasrayikkunna golia varalchaykku kooduthal irayaakumaayirunnu. vardhichuvarunna varalchaye chuvanna kangaru athijeevichathu enthukondaanennum pii. golia "cheythilla. ennirunnaalum, "pii" yude vamshanaashathil manushyarkk kaaryamaaya swaadheenam cheluthaanaakumennu soochippikkunna thelivukalum undu. golia ". "pii. swathanthramaayi nilanilkkunna jalathinte nirantharamaaya uravidathinte aavasyavum athinte uyaravum thuranna kuttichedikalile pothuvaaya aavaasavyavasthayum manushya vettakkaare kooduthal sradheyaraakki, angane athu manushyarkk durbalamaakkukayum, athupole thanne vellathaal chuttappettavarkkum.

