
walter gropius

walter adolph jorg gropius (18 meyy 1883-5 juulai 1969) oru jarmman-american vaasthushilpiyum bouhouse skoolinte sthaapakanumaayirunnu, addeham alver alto, ludwig miss vaan derr roh, leeii corbusier, frank lloyd raitt ennivarodoppam aadhunika vaasthuvidyayude pioneering maasttarukalil oralaayi parakke kanakkaakkappedunnu. addeham bouhouse inn veymarinte (1919) sthaapakanaanu. anthaaraashtra shailiyude oru pramukha shilpi koodiyaayirunnu gropius.
kudumbavum aadyakaala jeevithavum.
berlinil janicha walter gropius, walter adolph gropiasinteyum prussian raashtreeyakkaarante (1816-1894) makalaaya maanon august poolin sharnweberinteyum (1855-1933) moonnaamathe kuttiyaayirunnu. berlinile kanstjevarbyoosiyathi shilpiyum waterloo yudhathil feeld marshell gebard leberect voonn bluecherude keezhil poraadiya vaalttarinte muthumuthachan kaal friedrich shinkalinte anuyayiyumaayirunnu vaalttarinte muthachan martin gropius (1824-1880).
1915-ll gropius gustav mahlarude vidhavayaya alma mahlere (1879-1964) vivaham kazhichu. walterinteyum almayudeyum makal, walterinte ammayude peril manoon ennu perittathu 1916-ll janichu. 1935-ll 18-aamm vayassil poliyo baadhichu manoon marichappol, samgeethasamvidhaayakan alban berg avarude smaranaykkaayi thante vayalin concerto ezhuthi (athu "oru maalaakhayude oormmaykkaayi" alekhanam cheythittundu). 1920-ll gropius mahler vivaahamochanam nedi. (appozhekkum avar france verfelumaayi oru bandham sthaapikkukayum pinneedu avar vivaham kazhikkukayum cheythu.)
1923 october 16 nuu gropius aise ennariyappedunna ilse frankine vivaham kazhichu; 1969 ll addehathinte maranam vare avar orumichu thudarnnu. dambathikal aisinte sahodari herthayude anaadhayaaya makalaaya aatti ennariyappedunna beett frankine dathedutthu. 1983 juun 9 nuu masaachyusetsile lexingtonil aise gropius antharichu.
vaalttarinte sahodari (1880-1975) jarmman chalachithra, naadaka nadimaarudeyum curettarum kalaa charitrakaaranumaaya wolf barchaardinteyum muthumuthasshiyaanu.
currier.
aadyakaala currier (1908-1914).
1908-ll, naalu semastarukalaayi myoonikkilum berlinilum vaasthuvidya padicha sesham, gropius prashastha vaasthushilpiyum vyavasaya designarumaaya peettar berensinte offeesil chernnu, utilitarian skoolile aadya amgangalil oraalaan. eee samayathe addehathinte saha jeevanakkaril ludwig miss vaan derr rohe, leeii corbusier, dietrich maarkkukal enniva ulppedunnu.
1910-ll gropius ference sthaapanam vidukayum saha jeevanakkaranaaya adolph meyarumaayi chernnu berlinil oru practies sthaapikkukayum cheythu. eee kaalayalavil srishticha aadhunikathaavaadathinte oru pioneering kettidatthinte credit avar orumichu pankidunnu germmaniyile alfeld-aan-derr-lainil avasaanathe shhoo faaktariyaaya faguswork. gropius mayer maathramaan munbhagam roopakalppana cheythathenkilum, eee kettidatthinte glass curton mathilukal aadhunika thathwathe prathifalippikkukayum thozhilaallivargathinu aarogyakaramaya avasthakal nalkunnathilulla gropiyasinte ashankaye prathifalippikkukayum cheiyunnu.
europian aadhunikathayude nirnaayaka sthaapaka smaarakangalilonnayi eee factory ippol kanakkaakkappedunnu. conigsburghile prussian railway locomotive jolikalkkaayi oru kaar roopakalppana cheyyaan 1913 ll gropius kammeeshan cheyyappettu. eee locomotive savisheshavum germmaniyilum orupakshe europilum itharathilulla aadyathethumaayirunnu.
kolonile workbund exhibishanu (1914) vendiyulla offeesum factory kettidavum eee aadyakaala kaalaghattatthile mattu pravrithikalil ulppedunnu.
1913-ll, vadakke amerikkayile faaktarikaludeyum dhaanya elivettarukaludeyum oru dasanolam photographukal ulppedunna "vyaavasaayika kettidangalude vikasanam" ennathinekkurichu gropius oru lekhanam prasidheekarichu. 1920 num 1930 num idayil gropiyasinte graine elevator chithrangal punarmudranam cheytha leeii corbusier, eric mendelson ennivarulppede mattu europian aadhunikavaadikalil eee lekhanam sakthamaaya swaadheenam chelutthi.
1914-ll onnaam lokamahaayudham pottippurappettathode gropiyasinte currier thadassappettu. 1914 augustil addeham karadu thayyarakkukayum yudhakaalathu padinjaaran munnaniyil sarjant mejaraayi sevanamanushtikkukayum cheythu (parikkelkkukayum eathaandu kollappedukayum cheythu) thudarnnu signal corpsil leftanantaayi. gropiusinu rund thavana irumbu cross labhichu.vasthuvidyaa avalokanam.com"> pooll davis (30 epril 2013) "" walter gropius ". vasthuvidyaa avalokanam.coom.</naalu varshathe poraattatthinu sesham ("athu ippozhum enthengilum ardhamaakkumbol", addeham thante suhruthu chesttar nagalinode paranju). pinneedu, thante pithavineyum addehathinu munbulla muthachan martin gropiusineyum pole gropius oru vaasthushilpiyaayi.
bouhouse kaalayalav (1919-1932).
yudhaananthara kaalaghattatthil gropiyasinte currier purogamichu. veymarile grand-ducal saaksan school oof arts aandu kraafttinte maastaraaya henry vaan dii veldinode 1915 ll beljian deseeyatha kaaranam sthaanamozhiyaan aavasyappettu. thante pingamiyaayi gropiasinulla addehathinte shupaarsha oduvil 1919ll gropiusine schoolinte maastaraayi niyamikkunnathilekku nayichu. eee academyaanu gropius lokaprashasthanaaya bouhousaayi (aaaa.keey.eiii. gropius school oof arts), pooll klee, johannes ittan, joseph albers, herbert bayer, laslo moholi-naani, oottoo barting, vasily kandinsky enniva ulppedunna oru faakkaltiye aakarshichu.
thathwathil, nannayi roopakalppana cheytha vyaavasaayikamaayi uthppaadippikkunna vasthukkaliloode oro veettilekkum soundaryavum gunanilavaaravum vyaapippikkanulla avasarathe bouhouse prathinidheekarikkunnu. bouhouse prograam pareekshanathmakavum oonnal saidhaanthikavumaayirunnu. 1920ll bouhousinte director ruminaayi roopakalppana cheytha aam cheyar eph 51 aayirunnu bouhousinte oru udaaharana uthppannam-ippol jarmman kambaniyaaya tecta/launford nirmmicha vipaniyile oru ree-edition.
1919-ll gropius glass cheyin uttopiyan expressionist correspondencil "maas" enna thoolikaanaamathil earppettu."1919ll roopakalppana cheyth 1920ll nadappilaakkiya" "march dedd smaaraka" "enna addehathinte pravarthanaparamaaya sameepanathin saadhaaranayaayi kooduthal sradheyamaaya eee smaarakam, aaa samayat aavishkaaravaadam addehathil swaadheenam cheluthiyirunnuvennu soochippikkunnu".
1923-ll, gropius thante prashasthamaaya vaathil handilukal roopakalppana cheythu, ippol irupathaam noottaandile roopakalppanayude oru chihnamaayi kanakkaakkappedunnu, koodaathe bouhousil ninnu uyarnnuvanna ettavum swaadheenamulla designukalilonnaayi palappozhum pattikappedutthiyittundu. desav nagaratthil ninnulla commissionil gropius puthiya bouhouse desav school kettidam roopakalppana cheythu. kaal feiger, ernst newfert, mattullavar ennivarumaayi addeham thante swakaarya vasthuvidyaa parisheelanatthil sahakarichu. berlin, kalsruhe, desavu ennividangalil berlin, kalsruhe, desavu ennividangalil valia thothilulla bhawana padhathikalum addeham roopakalppana cheythu, avaa berlinile seamenstad padhathikku nalkia sambhavana ulppede puthiya vasthunishtatha prasthaanatthinu pradhana sambhaavanakalaayirunnu.
1928ll gropius bouhouse vittu berlinilekk thamasam maari. bouhouse samvidaayakante vesham hans mayer etteduthu. 1932leeii venalkkaala olimbiksil kalaa malsarathile vasthuvidyaa paripaadiyude bhaagamaayirunnu addehathinte srishtikal.
englandu (1934-1937).
1930kalil hitlarude uyarcha udan thanne gropiusine germmaniyil ninnu puratthaakkum. ennirunnaalum, athinumumbu, 1933-nte thudakkathil puthiya reachsbank kettidatthinte roopakalppanaykkaayi malsarikkaan addeham oru kshanam sweekarikkukayum vishadamaaya oru padhathi samarppikkukayum cheythu. furnitureukal, kaarukal, uyarnna kettida vikasanangal, moscoyile soviyatt yooniyante yaadhaarthyamaakaatha oru kottaram ennivayum roopakalppana cheythu.
1934ll oru chalachithra prachaarana utsavathinaayi italiyilekku thaalkkaalika sandarshanam nadathaamenna vyaajena maiks well fraiyude sahaayathode gropiusinu naasi jarmmani vidaan kazhinju; thudarnnu europile phaasist shakthikale ozhivakkaan addeham brittanilekku palayanam cheythu. aisokan grouppinte bhaagamaayi landanile hampsteadil herbertumaayi bandhapetta aartist kammyoonittiyil addeham thaamasikkukayum pravartthikkukayum cheythu.
america (1937 muthal).
1937 februvariyil gropius american aikyanaadukalil ethi, avarude panthrand vayassulla makal aatti englandil school varsham poortthiyaakki. 1938ll nirmmichathaanenkilum, laalithyam, sambadvyavastha, soundarya soundaryam thudangiya innatheppole samanamaaya vasthuvidyaa gunangal ulkkollaan thangalude veedinu kazhiyumennu gropiusukal vishwasichu. thante veedu roopakalppana cheiyunnathil, gropius bouhousil vikasippicha sameepanam upayogichu. masaachyusetsile linkenil (ippol gropius house ennariyappedunnu) gropius thangalkkayi nirmmicha veedu, uslake anthaaraashtra aadunikatha konduvarunnathil swaadheenam chelutthi, pakshe gropius eee padam eshtappettilla "njaan ippozhum sajeeva paryaapthavumaanennu kandethiya puthiya englandu vasthuvidyaa paarambaryatthinte savisheshathakal ente swantham sangalppathil ulkkollaan njaan oru pooyint undaakki."oru baankarude bharya jeevakaarunya pravarthakayumaaya helen storo, thante bhoomiyudeyum sambathinteyum oru bhagam aarkkitektinte veedinaayi nikshepichappol gropiyasinte gunabhokthavaayi. eee phalatthil aval valareyadhikam samthrupthayaayathinaal mattu naalu professormark kooduthal bhoomiyum saambathika pinthunayum nalki, avaril randuperkku gropius veedukal roopakalppana cheythu. bouhouse thathwachintha manassil vechukondu, veedukaludeyum avayude chuttupaadukaludeyum ellah vashangalum paramavadhi kaaryakshamathaykkum laalithyathinum vendiyaanu aasoothranam cheythath. gropiyasinte veedinu valia prathikaranamaanu labhikkunnath, 2000-ll ithu oru deseeya naazhikakkallayi prakhyapikkappettu.
gropius addehathinte bouhouse proteju marsell brewer masaachyusetsile cambridgilekku maari, harward graajvett school oof designil (1937-1952) padippikkunnathinum pittsburgile alaan aii dablyu frank house, pensylvaniayile nyoo kensingtonile kambani-taunn aluminium sitti terrous project ennivayulppedeyulla padhathikalil sahakarikkunnathinum avarude professional vibhajanathinu munbu. 1938ll addeham vasthuvidyaa vakuppinte chairmaanaayi niyamithanaayi, 1952ll viramikkunnathuvare addeham eee padavi vahichu.britanica.com ">" walter gropius ". encyclopedia britanica.</rafa> gropius thante kariyarinte avasaanathil masaachyusets instittyoott oof teknolaji (mitt) visitting kammittiyilum irikkukayundaayi. 1950kalil nirmmicha harward kaambasile richard, child residence haalukal prashastha vaasthushilpi roopakalppana cheythu. 1944ll addeham american aikyanaadukalile oru swaabhaavika pouranaayi.
britiish vyoma mantraalayam sthaapicha 8 riye gaveshana vakuppinu jarmman veedukalude saadhaarana nirmmaanam sthireekarikkunna vivarangal nalkia niravadhi abhayaarthi jarmman aarkkidekttukalil oraalaayirunnu gropius. randaam lokamahaayudhathil royal airforcinte bomber command jarmman nagarangalil nadatthiya vyomaakramanangalude falaprapti mechappeduthunnathinna ithu upayogichu. bomb aakramana samayat thee koluthunna bombukal upayogichu veedukalkku theevekkaanulla ettavum kaaryakshamamaya maargam kandethuka ennathaayirunnu gaveshanam. 1943 joolaiyil hambergill nadanna bombakramanam polulla aasoothrana reydukalil eee kandethalukal upayogichu.
aarkkitektukal sahakarikkunnu.
1945ll aarkkitekts qoo-operative (tii. eiii. sii) yude yuva sthaapaka amgangal thangalude muthirnna pankaliyaayi cheraan gropiyasinodu aavasyappettu. bouhousil ithinakam vijayakaramaayi avatharippicha team varkkinte praadhaanyathilulla thante aajeevanantha vishwaasathinte prakadanamaanu tack prathinidheekarikkunnath. kembridge aasthaanamaayulla yadhaartha tack pankaalikalil norman sii ulppedunnu. fletcher, jeane bii. fletcher, joonn sii. harkness, saaraa pii. harkness, roobert ezz. mcmillan, luis eiii. macmillan, benchamin sii. thompson. taakkinte aadyakaala pravarthanangalil masaachyusetsile lexingtonile rund residential housing developmentukal ulppedunnu aarr moonn hill, anchu feeldukal. oronnum samakaalika design ashayangal, nyayamaaya chelavu, saamoohika jeevithathe engane pinthunaykkaam ennathinekkurichulla praayogika chintha enniva ulppeduthi. mattoru aadyakaala tack varkk kembridjile harward sarvakalaashaalayude biruda kendramaanu (1949/50).<ref namam = "HTTP:// bauhaus-online.dii ">" walter gropius ". bouhouse-oonlain.dii.</1995ll saambathika prashnangalkkidayil vaathilukal adaykkunnathinu munbu lokathile ettavum ariyappedunnathum bahumaanikkappedunnathumaayu vasthuvidyaa sthaapanangalilonnaayi tack maari.
1967ll gropius naashanal akkadami oof designylake associate amgamaayi thiranjedukkappedukayum 1968ll poornna academic vidagdhanaakukayum cheythu.
maranam.
gropius 1969 juulai 5 nuu masaachyusetsile bosttanil 86 aam vayassil marichu. grandhikalude veekkam kandethiya addehathe juun 7 nuu ashupathriyil praveshippichu. juun 15nuu oru sasthrakriya vijayakaramaayi nadatthiya sesham poornnamaaya veendedukkal pratheekshayundaayirunnu. kadinamaaya oru pazhaya pakshi" ennaanu gropius svayam visheshippichathu, ekadesham oraazhchayolam purogathi thudarnnu. ennirunnaalum, addehathinte shwaasakoshangal thirakkeriyathum rakthathilekkum thalachorilekkum sariyaaya alavil ooksijan nalkaan kazhiyaathathumaayirunnu. bodham nashtappettu addeham urakkathil marichu.
paarambaryamaayi.
innu, gropius addehathinte vividha kettidangalaal mathramalla, berlinile gropiestad jillayilum oormmikkappedunnu. 1990 kalude thudakkathil, walter gropius archive enna peril addehathinte muzhuvan vasthuvidyaa jeevithavum ulkkollunna pusthakangalude oru parambara prasidheekarichu. bouhouse review cheytha <aii. dii. 1>" enna sidi oodiyoobukkil gropiyasinumaayulla oru neenda engleesh bhasha abhimukham ulppedunnu.
addehathinte maranashesham addehathinte vidhava ise gropius addehathinte paper shekharam aadyakaala, avasaanathe pepparukalaayi vibhajikkaan krameekarichu. taisen foundeshan nalkia fund upayogichaanu rund bhaagangalum photoyedutthathu. 1937 nuu sheshamulla gropiyasinte kariyarumaayi bandhapetta avasaanathe pepparukalum aadyakaala photokalum pinneedu harward sarvakalaashaalayile hauttan libraryilekku pooyi; avasaanathe pepparukalude aadyakaala pepparukalum photokalum bahaus aarkkivilekkum pinneedu daarmstattilekkum pooyi, pinneedu berlinil punasthaapikkappettu. srimati. 1980ll linkanile gropius house ippol oru house myoosiyamaaya charitraparamaaya nyoo englandinu gropius kaimari. 1988ll charitraparamaaya sthalangalude deseeya rajisttaril cherttha gropius house ippol vinodasanchaarikalkkaayi pothujanagalkk labhyamaan.
vaitt sittiyile bouhouse sentar tell aveevu lokathile ettavum valia bouhouse kettidangalude saandrathaye amgeekarikkunnu.
1959ll addehathinu eya swarnna medel labhichu. 2008 meyy 17nuu google doodle walter gropiyasinte 125-aamm janmadinam anusmarichu.
thiranjeduttha kettidangal.
enbi berlinile neederkirchnerstrasile kettidatthinu gropius-bau ennariyappedunnathu gropiyasinte valia ammavan martin gropiyasinte perilaanu, ithu bouhousumaayi bandhappettathalla.

