
malgas dweep samudra samrakshitha pradesham

padinjaaran keppu pravishyayude padinjaaran theerathulla saldanha ulkkadalilekkulla praveshana kavaadatthil dakshinaafrikkayude praadeshika jalathil malgas dweep ulkkollunna oru theerasamrakshana mekhalayaanu malgas dweep samudra samrakshitha pradesham.
charithram.
1985laanu eee pradesham aadyam prakhyaapikkappettath.
paristhithi, vinodasanjaara mantri mohammed valli moosa sarkkar gasatt nambaril emm. pii. eiii prakhyaapichu. 2000 desember 29leeii 21948,1998leeii 18-aamm nambar maraine leaving resources aaktinte 43-aamm vakupp prakaram.
lakshyam.
niyamaparamo mattu phalapradamo aaya maargangaliloode, bandhapetta aavaasavyavastha sevanangalum saamskaarika moolyangalum upayogichu prakrithiyude deerghakaala samrakshanam kaivarikkunnathinayi, vyakthamaayi nirvachikkapetta bhoomishaasthraparamaaya idam, amgeekarikkappettathum samarppichathum kaikaaryam cheiyunnathum" ennaanu samudra samrakshitha pradeshathe iucn nirvachichirikkunnathu.
paridhi.
emm. pii. eyude vistheernnam 0.66 chathurashra kilometres.
athirthikal.
athirthikkullile uyarnna jalathinu thaazheyulla pradesamaanu emm. pii. eiii.
maanejment.
dakshinaafrikkayile samudra samrakshitha pradeshangal deseeya sarkkaarinte utharavaadithamaanu, vividha emm. pii. eiii maanejment adhikaarikalumaayi maanejment karaarukalund, eee saahacharyathil, saanpaarkkukal, paristhithi kaarya vakupp (dii. iii. eiii) vazhi sarkkaaril ninnulla dhanasahaayathode emm. pii. eiii kaikaaryam cheiyunnu. vestt koost desheeyodyaanathinte bhagamaayaanu eee emm. pii. eiii. kaikaaryam cheiyunnathu.
krishi, vanam, malsyabandhanam vakuppinu permittukal, kwaattakal, niyama nirvvahanam ennivayude utharavaadithamundu.
bhoomishaasthram.
kaalavastha.
thekkupadinjaaran keppile kaalavastha venalkkaala mazhayulla dakshinaafrikkayude mattu bhaagangalil ninnu valare vyathyasthamaan, desember muthal februvari vareyulla venalkkaala maasangalil mazhayude bhooribhaagavum labhikkunnu. thekkupadinjaaran keppil medittareniyan tharatthilulla kaalaavasthayundu, juun muthal septambar vareyulla shaityakaala maasangalil mazhayaanu kooduthalum labhikkunnath.
venalkkaalath eee mekhalayile kaalavastha nirnnayikkunna pradhana ghadakam keppu theerathinu padinjaaru thekkan atlaantik samudrathinu mukalilaayi sthithi cheiyunna atlaantik hye ennariyappedunna uyarnna mardha mekhalayaanu. atharam oru samvidaanathil ninnu ethir gadikaaradishayil sanjarikkunna kaatt thekk-kizhakk ninnu keppil athunnu, ithu niravadhi divasam vare uyarnna kaattum kooduthalum thelinja aakashavum srishtikkunnu. eee kaatt eee pradeshathe thaarathamyena thanuppullathaakkunnu. thekkott abhimukeekarikkunnathinaal bettiyude ulkkadal eee kaattin vidheyamaan.
thekk-padinjaaran keppile shaithyakaalathinte savisheshatha vrithaakrithiyilulla padinjaaran kaattile aswasthathakalaanu, ithu kizhakode neengunna marddangalude oru parambaraykku kaaranamaakunnu. iva vadakkupadinjaaru ninnu thanutha meghaavritha kaalaavasthayum mazhayum konduvarunnu. thekkan atlaantikkinu mukalilulla thekk-padinjaaran kaatt shaityakaala maasangalil saadhaaranamaaya thekk-padinjaaran veekkam srishtikkunnu, ithu thuranna theerapradeshathu veeshunnu.
paristhithi.
cape pooyintinu padinjaaru thanutha mitasheetoshna bangalavela paristhithi mekhalayilaanu emm. pii. eiii sthithicheyyunnathu, ithu vadakkott ooranchu nadhi vare vyaapikkunnu. eee theerapradeshathu dakshinaafrikkayil thaddesheeyamaayi kaanapedunna oru valia vibhaagam enangalundu.
eee pradeshathu naalu pradhana aavaasavyavasthakal kadalil nilanilkkunnu, avaa uparithalathinte swabhaavathaal verthirikkappedunnu. oru jeevajalathinu svayam nankooramidaanulla oru adithara nalkunnathil substrate allengil adisthaana vasthukkal pradhaanamaan, ithu oru prathyeka tharatthilulla sthalathu thudarenda jeevikalkk valare pradhaanamaan. paarakkettukalum paarakkettukalum sasyangaludeyum mrugangaludeyum samyojanathinu uracha sthiramaaya uparithalam nalkunnu. ivayil chilathil kelp vanangal undayirikkaam, ithu thiramaalakalude prabhavam kuraykkukayum vipulamaaya shreniyilulla jeevikalkk bhakshanavum paarppidavum nalkukayum cheiyunnu. manal beechukalum adibhaagangalum thaarathamyena asthiramaaya oru uparithalamaan, avaykku kelpino mattu pala benthik jeevikalkko nankooramidaanaavilla. oduvil uparithalathinu mukalilum kelp vanathinu mukalilum thuranna vellamundu, avide jeevikal neenthukayo neenthukayo venam. mukalil soochippichavayude samyojanamaaya mishra aavaasavyavasthakalum pathivayi kaanapedunnu. emm. pii. eiii. yill kaaryamaaya nadeemukha aavaasavyavasthakalonnumilla.
paarakkettukalum paarakkettukalum
paarakkettukalum mishrita paarakkettukalum manal niranja adithattukalum undu. pala samudrajeevikalkkum substrate mattoru tharam samudrajeeviyaanu, koodaathe niravadhi paalikal sahavarthithvathil nilanilkkunnath saadhaaranamaanu. saadhaaranayaayi sponchukal, acidians, bryosovans, anaemonukal, gastropodukal ennivayaal pothinjirikkunna chuvanna bettu podukal, saadhaaranayaayi chuttumulla paarakalil kaanappedunnathin samanamaaya kadalppayalukalaal moodappettirikkunna abalon, saadhaaranayaayi kadalppayalil jeevikkunna mattu palatharam jeevikal ennivayaanu ithinte udaaharanagal.
praadeshika bhooprakrithiyude saadhyathakalude sreniye swaadheenikkunnathinaal reefinte paarayude tharam kurachu praadhaanyamullathaanu, ithu nalkunna aavaasavyavasthayude sreniyeyum athinaal nivaasikalude vaividhyatheyum swaadheenikkunnu. manalkallum mattu avashishta paarakalum valare vyathyasthamayi mannolikkukayum kaalaavasthayum srishtikkukayum cheiyunnu, mungalinteyum adinteyum dishayeyum mungalinte kuthaneyullatheyum aashrayich thaarathamyena parannathum valare uyarnnathumaaya cheria villalukal niranjathumaaya parakal srishtikkaam. eee savisheshathakal theerapradeshathinum tharamgamukhangalkkum vyathyastha konukalilaayirikkaam. manalkkall paarakalil valia dwaarangal, thurankangal, villalukal enniva kuravaanu, ennaal palappozhum aazhathilullathum ennaal thirascheenamaaya villalukalkk sameepam thaazhnnathumaaya villalukal undu.
kelp vanangal
kelp vanangal paarakkettukalude oru vyathiyaanamaan, kaaranam kelppinu valare shakthavum sthirathayullathumaaya oru uparithalam aavasyamaanu, ithu kelp chedikalilekku valichidunna aavarthichulla thiramaalakalude bhaarathe prathirodhikkaan kazhiyum. kadal mulla "eclonia maxima" valarunnathu vaathakam niracha vyavasthakaliloode uparithalathil ethaan anuvadikkunnathra aazhamillaatha vellathilaanu, athinaal veliyettathe aashrayich uparithalathilo thottaduttho thaikal idathoornna oru paali roopappeduthunnu. kadal mulayil ninnu athrayadikam malsaramillaatha aazhathilulla paarakkettukalilaanu hrasvamaaya splitt-phaan kelpp "laminaria palida" kooduthalum valarunnathu. eee rund kelp enangalum mattu palatharam jeevikalkkum, prathyekichu kadal mulaykku bhakshanavum paarppidavum nalkunnu, ithu vaividhyamaarnna epifaittukalude aditharayaanu, ithu kooduthal jeevikalkk bhakshanavum paarppidavum nalkunnu.
manal niranja kadaltheerangalum thaazhathe bhaagangalum (shelly, kallukal, charal adibhaagangal enniva ulppede)
manoharamaaya pala reef adhishtitha speesheesukaleyum pinthunaykkunnathinulla sthiratha illaathathinaal manal adibhaagangal ottanottathil valare vandhya pradesangalaayi kaanapedunnu, koodaathe valia jeevikalude vaividhyam thaarathamyena kuravaanu. kaalaavasthayeyum pradeshatthinte sanbarkkatheyum aashrayich manal nirantharam tharamgapravartthanathiloode valutho kuravo alavil neengunnu. ithinartham sesile jeevikal avayil thazhachuvalarunnathinu thaarathamyena ayanja substrate pradesangalumaayi prathyekamaayi poruthappedanam, koodaathe manal allengil charal adithattil kaanapedunna enangalude vaividhyam eee gadakangale ashrayichirikkum. manalthadangukalkku avayude asthirathaykku oru pradhana nashtaparihaaramund, mrugangalkku manalilekku kuzhikkukayum athinte paalikalkkullil mukalilekkum thaazhekkum neengukayum cheyyaam, ithu bhakshana avasarangalum vettayil ninnulla samrakshanavum nalkum. mattu jeevajaalangalkk abhayam thedaan dwaarangal kuzhikkam, allengil thurankatthiloode valicha vellam filter cheytho allengil eee pravartthanavumaayi poruthappedunna sareerabhaagangal manalinu mukalilulla vellathilekku vyaapippicho bhakshanam nalkaam.
thuranna kadal
kadalile thaamasthalatthinte pradhana bhagamaanu pelagic vaattar koolam. ithu uparithalathinum benthik soninte mukalinum edayilulla vellamaan, avide jeevikal neenthunnu, pongunnu allengil ozhukunnu, koodaathe bhakshya shringhala aarambhikkunnath phytoplanktonil ninnaan, sooryaprakaashathinte oorjjathe jaivavasthukkalayi parivartthanam cheiyunna mikkavarum microscopic photosynthetic jeevikal, athu neritto allaatheyo matellaam bhakshikkunnu. labhyamaya poshakangalum labhyamaya sooryaprakaashavum adisthaanamaakki mitasheetoshna kadalukalil phytoplankton valarchayude vyathyastha seasonal chakrangalundu. onnukil parimithappedutthunna gadakamaakaam. dhaaraalam prakasham ullidathu phytoplankton thazhachuvalarunna pravanatha kaanikkunnu, avaa thanne prakaashatthinte nuzhanjukayattathe kooduthal aazhathilekk parimithappeduthunnathil oru pradhana gadakamaanu, athinaal uyarnna uthppaadanakshamathayulla pradeshangalil photosynthetic mekhala aazhamillaathathaan. janthujaalangal phytoplanktonine bhakshikkukayum valia mrugangal bhakshikkukayum cheiyunnu. valia pelagic mrugangal saadhaaranayaayi vegathil neengunnathum kooduthal chalanathmakavumaanu, ithu avarkk bhakshanam nalkunnathino vetta ozhivaakkunnathino aazham mattunnathinum mikacha bhakshya vitharanam thedi mattu sthalangalilekku maarunnathinum avasaram nalkunnu.
samudra jeevajaalangalude vaividhyam.
endemism.
cape pooyintinu padinjaaru thanutha mitasheetoshna bangalavela paristhithi mekhalayilaanu emm. pii. eiii sthithicheyyunnathu, ithu kizhakode ooranchu nadhi vare vyaapikkunnu. eee theerapradeshathu dakshinaafrikkayil thaddesheeyamaayi kaanapedunna oru valia vibhaagam enangalundu.

