
varnje yuddham

vranche yuddham, allengil vranche vimochanam (/oslobodenge vranja), serbian-automan yudhathinte randaam ghattatthinte avasana gattangalilonnaanu (1876-78). yudhathinte thudakkathil, serbian sainyam innathe thekkan serbiyayil akramanam aarambhichu. gradelica yudhathinushesham, serbian sainyam varnjeyilekkulla rooad thurannirikkukayum surakshithamallathaavukayum cheythukondu masurica thaazhvarayilekku kadakkaan kazhinju. athe samayam, serbian-automan athirthi pradeshangalil, vranche mekhala ulppede, automan adhikaarathinethire niravadhi kalapangal pottipurappettu. vimathare sahayikkunnathinaayi, oru prathyeka vimatha bataaliyan roopeekarikkaan lefttanant stepanovichine ayaykkaan serbian command theerumaanichu.
serbian sainyathinte kamaandaraayirunnu general jovan belimarkovichu; addehathinte sainyathe thekkan morawa nadiyude kizhakk vinyasichu. thekkan morawa nadiyude padinjaaru bhagathaayi vinyasikkapetta division general asaf paasha aayirunnu automan senayude nethaavu. audyogikamaayi, 1878 januvari 26 nuu serbian sainyam nadiyude padinjaaru bhaagathekku neengaan thudangiyappol yuddham aarambhichu; januvari 31 nuu athu oru valia yudhathil kalaashichu. ekadesham 22,000 serbian sainikar pattanatthinte vijayakaramaya vimochanathil pankedutthu.
yudhasamayathu, pattanatthinu vadakku bhaagathulla bhaktharil kollapetta lefttanant stojisevik addehathinte dheerathaykk perukettirunnu. pinvaangunna automan senaye bujanovakkilekkum presevoyilekkum neengumbol pinthudaraan mejar radomir putnikkine chumathalappedutthi.
saan stephaano udambadikku sesham, eee pradesham bulgarian principalitic kaimarumennu vraancheyile pouranmaar bhayapettu. varnjeyil ninnu sainyathe pinvalikkaruthenn abhyarthichukondu serbian rajakumaran milan obrenovichinu oru kathu ayachu. 1878-leeii berlin kongrassinu sesham ithu audyogikamaayi serbiayude bhaagamaayi.
pashchaathalam.
1876 juun 30 nuu serbian-automan yuddham aarambhichu. serbian yuddha padhathi nees-lescovac mekhalayile nisawa, toplica, southu morawa nadikalude dishayilekku akramanam nadatthaan rajakeeya serbian sainyathodu aavasyappettu. 1878-nte thudakkathil, rajakeeya serbian sainyam thekkan morawa thadatthinte bhooribhaagavum pidichedutthu, athu presevo, vittina vare ethi. 1878 januvari 23 aayappozhekkum sainyam kramarahitharum praadeshika vimatharumaaya sardulika, vladichin hahn ennivayum vlassina mekhalayile oru koottam graamangalum pidichedutthu. pittennu, janangale kalapam nadatthaan prolsaahippikkunnathi prebojil ninnulla oru koottam udyogasthare appozhum automan niyanthranatthilulla graamangalilekku ayachu. onnaam sumadija divisionile lefttanant stepanovichu januvari 25 nuu priboj vittu poljanica mekhalayile serb gramangal sandarshikkukayum aswasthathayundaakkukayum ottomaanukale pinnil ninnu akramikkukayum cheythu. kragujewak brigedinte puthuthayi roopeekaricha sannadhasamghadanayude kamaandaraayi addeham niyamithanaayi. poljaanikkayiletthiyappol addeham vimatha nethaakkalaaya vasilije popovic, stojiljko popovic, simiyoon stojiljkovik ennivarumaayi bandhapettu. avarude sahaayathode addeham golemo selo, gradenja, studena, kruseva glava, tumba, drenovac, sikkirje, vlace, mattu poljanica graamangalile purusha nivaasikal nayikkunna oru vimatha bataaliyan roopeekarichu.
pittennu, sannadhapravarthaka kambani sumadija corpsinte avant gardai prebojil ninnu vranjaska banjayilekku march cheythu. banchaykku sameepam 200 automan pathiv kambaniyum 200 oolam albanian pouranmaarum kaaval nilkkunna automan prathirodha sthaanangal oru kambani kandethi. yuddham aarambhichayudane, puthuthayi ethiya bataaliyan serbian kambaniye sahayichathinaal automan yoonit paraajayappedukayum vraancheyilekku palayanam cheyyaan nirbandhitharaakukayum cheythu. serbian unitukal pinneedu vranchesca banja pidichadakki, eee prakriyayil 28 automan sainikarum aarr albeniyakkaarum kollappettu. pinneedu, serbiakkaar thekkan morawa nadikku kuruke thanthrapradhaanamaaya oru paalam pidichedutthu.
munkootty.
athe divasam thanne, vimochanathinaayulla poraattam aarambhichu, vranche mekhalayil ninnulla vimatharude oru vibhaagam, sannadhapravarthaka korppareshante oru kambaniykkoppam, kizhakkan theerathu ninnu thekkan morawa nadiyude padinjaaran theerathekku maatti, vraancheykk thottupurathu ottomaan senaye scout cheyyukayum avarekkurichulla vivarangal shekharikkukayum cheythu. vijayasadhyatha vardhippikkunnathinaayi, serbian sainikar veena ottomanmaarude unifom dharichu. avarkk automan sainyathinaduthekku ethaan kazhinju, oru kunninpuratthu ninnu automan sainyathinte sthaanangalekkurichum avarude kottakalekkurichum avar vivarangal shekharichu. ennirunnaalum, taamasiyaathe avare kandethukayum vedivaykkukayum cheythathinaal avar kurachu aalapaayangalumaayi pinwangi.
januvari 27-nuu serbian yoonittukalum vimatha dittaachmentukalum thangalude sainyathe vramjaska banja prebojinteyum dishayil kendreekarichu. athe divasam thanne serbian aasthaanam lescovakkil ninnu vladichin hanilake maatti. passin govedarnik, popovo gumno ennivaykku sameepam cheria ettumuttalukal nadannu. automan unitukal vraancheyilekkum mostaanikkayilekkum thallappettu. thekkan morawa nadiyile paalavum corbevakkilekku nayikkunna road serbian sainyam pidichedutthu. eee vijayathal prothsaahippikkappetta serbukal wornjake sameepam sainyathe shekharikkaan thudangi, sumadija korppareshante commander general jovan belimarkovichu, serbukal kramena ottomanmaare akramikkukayum varnjeyil avare valayukayum oduvil pattanatthe akramikkukayum cheyyanamennu theerumaanichu.
belimaarkkovichinte padhathi nedunnathinaayi januvari 28nuu sumadija corpsinte commandermar yudhasthaanangal ettedukkaan utharavu purappeduvichu. thekkan morawa nadiyude theerathekku neengumbol oru munnirakkaaranaayi pravartthikkaan smederevo brigadine utharavidappettu. brigedinte pradhana seena priboj graamathilaayirunnu, mattu senakal masarac graamathilaayirunnu. thekkan morawa nadiyile mostaanikka paalam muthal chuttumulla bresnica, ranutovac gramangal vare brigade poratta sthaanangal etteduthu. brigedinte oru bataaliyan varnjska banjayk corbevakinum mukalilaayi sthaanam etteduthu. thekkan moravayude valathuvashath smederevo brigedinte oru bataaliyan ulppedunna sannadhasenakal undaayirunnu. vlassina, vlasottins, masurica ennividangalil ninnulla vimatha vibhagangal sannadhasevanasanghathil chernnu, sumadija corpsinte aakramana shakti ganyamaayi vardhippichu. randaamathe sumadijska division vertenica nadiyudeyum porejeyudeyum dishayil ninnu poljanikkayilekku thulachukayari ottoman senaye vraancheyil valanju. athe samayam, sumadija corpsinte aasthaanam vladichin hahn enna graamatthil ninnu stabal graamathilekku maatti.
yudhathinte kramam.
serbian sena avarude vinyaasavum.
varnjeykkethiraaya aakramanathinulla padhathi charcha cheiyunnathinum automan sthaanangalilekku yoonittukalude vinyaasam nadappilaakkunnathinum sumadija corps command januvari 29 nuu prebojil yogam chernnu. aakramanathinte pradhana achuthandu bresnica, mostaanikka uyarangalaayirikkumenn theerumaanichu. serbian armi yoonittukalil automan yoonittukalile pakuthiyil thaazhe udyogasthar maathrame undaayirunnulloo. sumadija corpsil 12 battaaliyanukalum oru kuthirappada schwadron 22 peerankikalum ulppede 7,000 poraalikal undaayirunnu. eee samkhyayilekku chertthathu sannadhapravarthaka korppaayirunnu, athil 1,500 oolam poraalikalum vranche pradeshathu ninnulla vimatha yoonittukalum undaayirunnu.
aadyathe feeld baattari dwa braatta parvathatthil sthaanam pidikkukayum avide athu kuzhichedukkukayum thekkan morawa nadiyudeyum vladichin hahn vareyulla vranche roadinteyum theerathu sthaanam pidikkukayum cheythu. thudarnnu, naalaamathe baattari bresnica nadikku mukalilulla uyarangalil kuzhichu. moonnaamathe baattari, mostaanikka graamatthil reservil sookshichirunnu.
belgrade brigade mostaanikka, bresnica graamangalkkidayil nilayurappichirunnu. randaam sumadijska division, sannadhapravarthakarude chila yoonittukalum vimatharumaayulla plajakovica parvathatthile automan prathirodha sthaanangalilekku neengaan chumathalappedutthi. randaamathe lepenica bataaliyan, rund kambani enchineeyarmaar, rund parvatha thokkukal enniva drinovac graamathilekku maatti. poljaanikkayil ninnulla vimatha vibhagangal upayogichu shakthippeduthiya kragujewak, kolubara battaaliyanukal beljanica gramangalkkum bhaktharkkum sameepam plajakovikkayude adithattil sthaanangal etteduthu. masarakkilekkum mostaanikkayilekkum oru baakkappaayi minor brigade vinyasikkapettu, athesamayam eee brigedinte naalaamathe bataaliyan (reservilum) popovo gumnoyil sthaapichu. randaamathe peeranki rejimentum kuthirapadayum prebojil sthithicheyyukayum reservil sookshikkukayum cheythu.
1878 januvari 28-leeii sumadija corps kamaandinte reportil, mostaanikkayileyum prebojileyum sthaanangalil, saadhaarana sainyathodoppam, lefttanant sokkolovinte neethrthwathil tran, vlasottinsil ninnu puthuthayi ethiya vimathar pooraattatthil pankedutthathaayi parayunnu. januvari 29nuu kumarevo graamathinaduthulla pooraattatthil avar serbiyakkarkkoppam chernnu. praadeshika paarambaryamanusarichu, varnjeyileyum athinte praanthapradeshangalileyum vimatha poraalikalil ninnu karakaushalathozhilaalikal, vyapaarikal, pavapetta nagara pouranmaar, karshakar, varnjeyile thozhilaallikal ennivaril ninnaan eee vibhaagam roopeekarichathu. roopeekaranathinushesham eee dittaachmentine kumarevo detachment ennu namakaranam cheythu.
eee yoonittukalil oronninum, prathyekichu peerankikalkku, raathriyil (januvari 28 num 29 num idayil) avarude sthaanangal ettedukkendivannu, athinaal automanmaarkku avarude sthaanathekkurichum aakramanathinulla thayyaareduppukalekkuri ariyillaayirunnu. bhakshanavum vedikkoppukalum vibhajichu, parikketta poraalikale sweekarikkaan oru feeld ashupatri sthaapichu, chila yoonittukalil udyogasthare nirachu. serbian sainyam pinmaran nirbandhithamaaya saahacharyathil sumadija corpsinte staaf command masaarakkile reserve sthaanangal thayyarakkan utharavukal purappeduvichu. 
automan sena avarude vinyaasavum.
15, 000 poraalikal, 12 kaalaalppada battaaliyanukal, rund kuthirappada schwadronukal, ettu thokkukal, ekadesham 3,000 arbanasi poraalikal enniva ulppedunnathaanu vraancheyude automan prathirodham. divisional general asaf paasha aayirunnu varnjeyude prathirodhatthinte commander. brigadier janaralmaraya ibrahim paasha, essad paasha ennivaraayirunnu mattu commandermar, athesamayam albanian unitukalkku (baashi-basookkukal) dibralijayanu neethrthwam nalkiyathu. ettavum aadhunikamaaya peebodi-martini raifilukalum crup peerankikalum ottomaan sainyathin undaayirunnu.
serbian sainyathinte randaamathe sumadija division march cheytha plajakovica parvathatthilaayirunnu ottomaan prathirodha sthaanangalude pradhana kottakalilonnu. avarude pradhana thanthraparamaaya prathirodha pooyintukalil mattonn aadyathe sumadija divisionile yoonittukalum sannadhapravarthaka corps march cheytha severaljuge kunnin mukalilaayirunnu. ranutovac graamatthilum rund sahodaranmaarude parvathatthilum automan sainyathin kuzhikal undaayirunnu. eathu dishayilum ninnu vediyuthirkkaanum varnjeyilekkulla ellah praveshana kavaadangalum ulkkollanum sainyathe anuvadikkunna oru maathrkayilaanu iva sthaapichirikkunnathu.
munvashathinte neelam ekadesham aayirunnu, ennirunnaalum, udyogastharudeyum upakaranangaludeyum abhavam kaaranam automanmaarkku ellaam ulkkollaan kazhinjilla. athinaal, avar thangalude sainyathe kendreekarichukondu chila sthaanangal maathrame kaivashappeduthiyirunnulla. iva nannayi bandhippichittulla sthaanangalaayirunnilla, koriyarukal upayogichu avaa thammilulla ashayavinimayam nilanirthappettu. ranutovac vanathinte attathu mostaanikka graamathinu abhimukhamaayi kuzhikal sthaapichittundu. vraancheyile ettavum mikacha kottakettiyathum bandhippichathumaaya automan sainika sthaanam chevaraljuge kuninum dwa braattaykkum edayilulla rekhayaayirunnu-ekadesham ekadesham.
yuddham.
januvari 29 nuu uchakazhinju akramanam aarambikkaan sumadija corps command aagrahichu. ennirunnaalum, serbian sainyathinte aakramanathinulla thayyaareduppukal ottomaan rahasyaanveshana samgham velippeduthiyappol, avar aadyam akramikkukayum raavile 10:30 nuu ranutovac, dwa braatta parvatham, vranche, sevaraljuga kunnu ennividangalil ninnu oresamayam akramanam aarambikkukayum cheythu. serbian sainika lineukalkku munnil ottomaan unitukal akathekku munneriyappol, aadyathe sumadija divishante commander ottomaan unitukalkku nere vediyuthirkkaan muzhuvan munnaniyilumulla peerankikalkku utharavu purappeduvichu. eee aakramanathinu keezhil serbian kaalaalppada akramanam aarambhichu. ekadesham moonnu manikkoorolam thudarchayaayi kadutha yudhangal nadakkukayum sakthamaaya automan akramanangal kaaranam serbian unitukal nirthukayum cheythu.
uchakazhinju 2 maniyode, automan unitukal serbian sainyathe madhyathil marikadannu bresnica nadiyude valathu theerathulla kamane pidichedutthu. sthaanam prathirodhicha kosmaj bataaliyan thakarkkappedukayum mostaanikka vettikkuravukalilekku pinmaran nirbandhitharaakukayum cheythu. ottomaan sainyathinte purogathi thadayunnathinum nashtappetta sthaanangal veendedukkunnathinumaayi aadyathe sumadija divishante commander rund battaaliyanukalum (randaamathe groca, aadyathe danube bataaliyan) moonnaamathe feeld baattariyum reserve sajeevamakki.
eee ghattathil, sumadija corpsinte general jovan belimarkovichu serbian sainyathinteyum vraancheykkaduthulla yudhasthaanangaludeyum nerittulla command etteduthu. automan aakramanathil avarude ellah sainyangalum ulppettittundo atho chilare reservil avasheshippichittundo ennathinekkurichulla vivarangal shekharikkaan belimarkovic padhathiyittu. ottomanmaar avarude labhyamaya ellah sinikareyum upayogichathayi kandethi. athinaal, serbian command ottomaan sthaanangale akramikkaan theerumaanichu kumarevo, supalji camen, toplac, slatocope paalathinu sameepam kathalenak. paalatthil 2,000tholam automan sainikarum oru peerankiyum ulla rund kyaambukal undaayirunnu.
pradhana automan sainyam severaljuge kunnin mukalil kendreekarichirunnathil, avare akramikkaanum paraajayappedutthaanum thayyaaraakanamenn general belimarkovichu aadyathe sumadija divisionode utharavittu. akramanam nadatthaan rudnik brigedinte morawa bataaliyan niyogikkapettu. serbian, automan peerankikal thammilulla neenda poraattam niravadhi manikorukal neenduninnu, thudarnnu serbian kaalaalppada reserve unitukalumaayi shakthippeduthi thudarchayaaya akramanam nadatthi. iruvashathum kaaryamaaya nashtamundaayi. ottomaan sainyathin munnilum pinnilum akramanangal neridendivannu, vaikunneram 4 maniyode munvashath ninnu pinmaran nirbandhitharaayi, athesamayam serbian unitukal puthiya prathirodha sthaanangal ettedukkunnathil ninnu thadayaan akramanam thudarnnu. randaamathe grousa bataaliyan yoonittukalum sannadhapravarthaka corpsinte oru kambaniyum chwiki, chevaraljug sthaanangal pidichedutthu. vraancheykk purathu ottomaan frondall defencine paraajayappeduthuka ennathu serbian sainyathinte ettavum valia vijayamayirunnu.
serbian senaykk ranutovac graamam pidichedukkaan kazhinju, athesamayam plajakovikkayil ninnulla automan unitukal aadyathe sumadija divisione valayuka enna uddeshyathode struganica graamatthile serbian sthaanangal aakramichu. ennaal, serbian unitukal aakramanangale pinthirippikkukayum ottomanmaare avarude yadhaartha sthaanangalilekku madangaan nirbandhikkukayum cheythu. christilovicayil, ottomaan unitukal randaam sumadija divisione aakramichu, athil stepanovichu commandinu keezhil bhaktharil ninnulla vimatharude oru kambani ulppedunnu.
januvari 30num varnjeykkethiraaya akramanam thudarnnu. serbian sainikarkk belanovs graamathinu abhimukhamaayi oru peeranki grott parvathatthilekku kondupokaan kazhinju. eee sthalathu ninnu avar bhaktharkk mukalilulla automan sthaanangal bombittu. thudarnnu lefttanant steppe stepanovichinte neethrthwathil kambani gokkile turkey prathirodha unitukale aakramichu. athesamayam, lefttanant stojisevichinte neethrthwathil randaamathe lepenica battaaliyante rund kambanikalum avarodoppam chernnu. rund manikkoor neenda raktharookshithamaaya poraattatthinu sesham, automan sainyam gokkilum bhakthanilum avarude sthaanangal upekshichu. stojisevik yudhathil kollappettu.
pakal samayat, sumadija corpsinte command randaam divisionode plajakovikkayile automan prathirodha unitukale akramikkaanum thakarkkanum utharavittu. rund parvathangalum rund laitt peerankikalum eee akramanathinaayi upayogichu. plajakovikkaykku sameepam thokkukal vegathil sthaapichu. serbian sainikare ottomaan unitukal shradhichappol, avare vedivachu cherukkaan avar parajayappettu. serbian unitukalkku avarude sthaanangal nilanirthaan mathramalla, avar akathekku kooduthal adukkukayum automanmaarkku nere vediyuthirkkukayum cheythu. manikkoorukalolam yuddham nadannuvenkilum iruttu kaaranam avasaanichu.
januvari 1nuu ratri ellah kaalaalppada yoonittukalum pidicheduttha sthaanangal shakthippeduthanamennu belimarkovichu oru utharavu purappeduvichu. koodaathe, shathruvine vijayakaramaayi bombakramanam nadatthaan anuvadikkunnathinu anuyojyamaaya sthalangalil peerankikal sthaapikkendathaayirunnu. muzhuvan reserve sajeevamakki munnilekku nayichu. oru backup enna nilayil, kumarevoik sameepam januvari 31 nuu rund peerankikal koodi transfer cheythu, vraancheykkum automan sthaanathinte pinbhaagatthum vedivachu. puthiya prathirodha sthaanangal veendum samghadippikkaanum shakthippeduthaanum anuvadikkaathe oodippookunna shathruvine pinthudaraan kazhiyunna eluppathil neengaavunna oru ditaachment roopeekarikkaanulla padhathi commandermar aavishkarichu. mejar radomir putnikkine eee dittaachmentinte kamaandaraayi niyamichu. oru kuthirapadayum rund thokkukalum ulla aadyathe rudnik bataaliyan, volunteer corps enniva ithil ulppedunnu.
januvari 1 nuu ratri, turkish sainyathinte commander suvodol, vranjska nadikalkkidayil sthaanangal ettedukkaan theerumaanichathinaal ottomaan unitukal avarude severaljuge, kaaman sthaanangalil ninnu pinmari. eee sthaanangal vraancheyude prathirodhatthinu nallathaayirunnu, serbian aasthaanathinu automan seena pinmaarunnathinekkurich ariyillaayirunnu. januvari 31 nuu raavile, sumadija corps command vranche pidichedukkukayum mochippikkukayum cheyyuka enna lakshyathode serbian sainyam akramanam thudaranamennu utharavu purappeduvichu. ennirunnaalum, athe samayam, ottomaan sainyam swodolil sthaanangal kaivashappeduthaan sramikkukayaayirunnu, ithu thuranna maitana poraattatthilekku nayichu.
serbian sainyam suvodolilekk march cheiyunnathu kandu automans aascharyappettu, ithu avarude raankukalil bhayavum paribhraanthiyum srishtichu. turkish skauttukalkku ithu cheyyaan kazhiyunnathinumumbu serbian skauttukal vediyuthirthu. athe samayam, serbian peerankippada avarude kumarevo sthaanangalil ninnu automan kaalaalppadaykk nere vediyuthirthu. ithu automan raankukalil ganyamaaya nashtam srishtikkukayum avar vraancheyilekku pinwangan thudangukayum cheythu. pakal samayat oru cheria ettumuttalallaathe kaaryamaaya prathirodhamonnum koodaathe, serbian sainyam oduvil varnje mochippichu. pattanatthil praveshicha aadya unitukal sannadhapravarthakarkkop chuttumulla pradeshathe vimatharumaayirunnu.
anantharafalangal.
serbian sainyam varnjeyilethunnathinumbu praadeshika muslimkal avarude vasthuvakakalumayi pooyirunnu, vishalamaaya grameena mekhalayile mattu muslimkal serbian ayalkkaarumaayi samgharsham anubhavikkukayum avarkkethire pooraadukayum oduvil avare pradeshathu ninnu puratthaakkukayum cheythu. serbiyakkaare vranche nivaasikal ooshmalamaayi sweekarikkukayum nagaram serbian pathaakakalum kilimukalum kondu alankarikkukayum cheythu. 1878 januvari 31 nuu uchaykku 1 maniyode belimarkovichu sumadija corpsinte kamaandumaayi pattanatthilekku gambheeramaayi march cheythu. pramukha automan fudal prabhu ramis paasa husseginpassic vrancheye serbian sainyathin audyogikamaayi keezhadakki. belimarkovichu keezhadangal amgeekarikkukayum varnjeyile thurkkikalkk avarude vyakthiparamaaya swaathanthryavum swathum surakshithamaayirikkumenn vaagdaanam cheyyukayum cheythu. eee vaagdaanam varnjeyude keezhadangal nadapadiyil ulppeduthiyittundu. ennirunnaalum, turkish, serbian kadakalil kavarchakal nadannu. belimarkovichu oru hraswa prasamgatthiloode janangale abhivaadyam cheyyukayum yudhathil sahaayichathin nandi parayukayum avarude vimochanathinu abhinandikkukayum cheythu. thudarnnu praadeshika sabhaa palliyil oru othucheral undaayirunnu, avide aarch preest I. petrovic vraancheyude vimochanakkaare abhivaadyam cheythu. athe divasam thanne belimarkovichine pattanatthinte kamaandaraayi niyamikkukayum ellah pouranmaarudeyum suraksha urappakkaan sayudha unitukale ealppikkukayum cheythu. maricha vranche poraalikale semitheriyil samskarichu. parikkettavaril chilare vraancheyude aashupathriyilum mattullavar lescovakkile aashupathriyilum praveshippichu.
athe divasam (januvari 31), putnikkinte vighadanam bujanovakkilekkum presevoyilekkum pinvaangukayaayirunna automan sainyathe pinthudarnnu, sainyathinte chila bhagangal akramikkukayum athinoppam pinwangia turkish abhayaardhikalil paribhranthi srishtikkukayum cheythu. plaajakkovikkayilum christilovicayilum sthithi cheiyunna chila automan armi defense unitukalkku vraancheyude pathanathekkurichu ariyillaayirunnu, avar poraattam thudarnnu. serbian sainyathinte paramonnatha command christilovicayile sainikarkk kragjewak, posavina battaaliyanukalude roopathil christilovicayile ottomaan unitukale paraajayappedutthaanulla utharavode sahayam ayachu. koodaathe, plasjakovikkayile automan unitukale akramikkaan vraancheyil ninnu rund thokkukalumaayi kosmaj bataaliyan ayachu. serbian-automan yudhasamayathu (1876-1878) vraancheyile bhooribhaagam muslim janasamkhyayum (albeniyakkaarum tarkkukalum) samgharshathinu sesham oru cheria ennam avasheshikkumbol kosovoyile automan vilaayattilekku palayanam cheythu. yudhasamayathu serbian sainyam varnjeyile pallikal nasippichathaayi automan srothassukal parayunnu.
februvari 1 nuu, sumadija corps, sannadhasevanasenayude chila bhagangalkkoppam, pazhaya serbiayude mattu bhaagangalil ottomaan sainyathinethire akramanam aarambhichu. februvari 1 nuu avar bujaanovaakkil praveshikkukayum februvari 2 nuu avar sent prohore pinjskyudeyum tragovisteyudeyum aashramamaaya presevoyil praveshikkukayum cheythu. sumadija corpsinte aasthaanam varnjeyilaanu sthaapichathu. 1878 januvari 31nuu russia-turkey yuddham avasaanippichukondu adrianople udambadi oppuvachu. serbia ottoman saamrajyavum thammil athirthi nirnnayikkunna lakshyam vachukondu februvari onninu sesham ottomaan, russian, serbian prathinidhikalude kammeeshan yogam thudangi. februvari 10nuu avar avasaanamaayi koodikkaazhcha nadatthi.
1878 march 3nuu puthuthayi roopeekaricha bulgarian principaalittiyude bhagamaakaanirikkeyaanu saan stephaano udambadi oppuvachathu. thalphalamaayi, 1878 march 12 nuu tran, pyrot, turkish, albanian pouranmaareppole franze serb bharanathin keezhil thudaranamennu abhyarthichu februvari 28 nuu franjeyile serbian pouranmaar milan obrenovichu rajakumaran kathezhuthi. berlin kongrassinu sesham, franze serbian samsthaanathinte bhaagamaayi.
nashtam.
serbian nashtam.
parikkettavaril 70 perr samakaalika serbia, bosnia, hersegovina, romania ennividangalil ninnullavaraan; parikkettavaril moonnu perr vadakkan maasidoniyayil ninnullavarum naalu perr croatiayil ninnullavarum rund perr germmaniyil ninnullavarumaanu. yudhathil kollapetta serbian sainikare niravadhi sthalangalil adakkam cheythuvenkilum avaril bhooribhaagatheyum mostaanikkayil (mahala osaatikka) samskarichu.
paarambaryamaayi.
ellah januvariyilum yudhathinte anusmaranavum aakhoshavumundu. yuddham nadannu rund varshathinu sesham 1880 januvari 30naanu aadyathe aakhosham nadannathu. aaa avasarathil, varnjeyile pouranmaar avarude swaathanthryathinu nandi paranju general jovan belimarkovichinu oru telegram ayachu. panthrand varshathinusesham, 1890 meyy 1nuu avar addehathinu diploma nalki aadarikkukayum "thekkan serbiac ekkaalavum pratheekshichirunna swaathanthryam konduvanna serbian sainyathinte jnjaanapoornamaaya aajnjaykku" orikkalkkoodi nandi parayukayum cheythu."
veenathinushesham mochitharaayavarkkayi oru smaarakam nirmmikkunnathinayi pouranmaar sambhavanakal shekharikkaan thudangi. 1900 januvari 31nuu oru panthu samghadippikkukayum smaarakathinte nirmmaanathinu oru ticket swamedhayaa nalkukayum cheythathayi paraamarshikkappedunnu. belimarkovichu thanne 2000 serbian dinaarukal athinte nirmmaanathinaayi sambhavana cheythu. 1903ll anaachaadanam cheytha eee smaarakathe pothujanangal anaudyogikamaayi Çika mitke (ankil mitke) ennu vilichu.
innu nagaratthil paripaadiyumaayi bandhapetta perukalulla niravadhi theruvukalundu januvari 31 street, general belimarcovica street, kralja milana street. 2008ll, yudhathinte smaranaykkaayi januvari 31 audyogikamaayi vranche dinamaayi adayaalappeduthaan vranche sitti administration theerumaanichu. athinusesham, niravadhi paripaadikal samghadippikkukayum vividha mekhalakalil sammanangal nalkukayum sika mitke smaarakathil pushpachakram arppikkukayum cheiyunnu. smaranayude bhaagamaayi besna kobila parvathatthil "dulbers aii keys" enna peril oru skee kapum undu, koodaathe 1878-leeii vranche libarettarmaarude paathakalkk "enna peril oru smaaraka pathayum undu."