mouttaaniya

 
purathana magrebile oru pradeshatthinte laattin peraanu mourettaaniya (;). madhya innathe aljiriya muthal padinjaaru atlaantik vareyum vadakkan innathe moroco vareyum thekk atlas parvathanirakalilekkum ithu vyaapichu. berber vamshajaraaya thaddesheeya nivaasikal romakkar mouri, masessily ennee perukalil ariyappettirunnu.
bii. sii. 25-ll, mouttaaniyayile rajaakkanmaar ekadesham eiii. dii. 44 vare roman saamanthanmaraayi maari, eee pradesham romumaayi kootticherkkukayum mouttaaniya tingittaana, mouttaaniya siseriyansis enningane rund pravisyakalaayi vibhajikkukayum cheythu. moonnaam noottaand muthal kristhumatham avide vyaapichu. ezhaam noottaandil musleem arabikal eee pradeshathe keezhadakkiya sesham islam prabalamaaya mathamaayi maari.
moorish raajyam.
berber mouri janathayude oru gothrarajyamaayaanu mouttaaniya nilaninnirunnathennu. onnaam noottaandinte thudakkathil iberian upadveepinu athirvashathulla oru janathayude janmanamamaayi strabo "mouroyi" (greekkil αιροι) rekhappeduthiyittundu. eee appeel laattin bhaashayilekku sweekarikkappettappol gothratthinte greak peru "mouroosi" (murosisi) ennaayirunnu. bii. sii. naalam noottaandinu munbu medittareniyan theeramaaya mouttaaniyayil karthejumaayulla vyaapaarathinaayi vaanijya thuramukhangalundaayirumnum ulvasham niyanthrikkunnath irumbukaalathode eee mekhalayil svayam sthaapicha berber gothrakkaraayirunnu.
khagolagolam kandupidichathinte bahumati nediya mouttaaniyayile oru itihaasa rajaavaayirunnu atlas rajaavu. mouriyile aadyathe charitra rajaavaaya baga bii. sii. yill nadanna randaam punic yudhathil bharichu. mouri janatha numediayumaayi adutha sanbarkkathilaayirunnu. bokkas I ([ph.] bii. sii. 110) samshayaaspadamaaya numedian rajaavaaya jugurthayude bhaaryaasahodaranaayirunnu.
bii. sii. 33ll bokkas randaaman raajaavinte maranashesham bii. sii. 33 muthal bii. sii. 25 vare roome eee pradesham nerittu bharichu. bii. sii. 25-ll romakkar numediayile juba randaamane thangalude kakshi rajaavaayi sthaapichappol mouttaaniya oduvil roman saamraajyathinte oru kakshi rajyamaayi maari. eiii. dii 23-ll addehathinte maranashesham, addehathinte roman vidyaabhyaasamulla makan tolami oof mouttaaniya addehathinte pingamiyaayi. kaligula chakravarty tolamy edii 40-ll vadhichu. roman chakravarthiyaaya claudius edii 44-ll mouttaaniyaye oru roman pravisyayaayi nerittu koottichertthu, athine oru saamraajyathva govarnorude (onnukil oru "prokurettar augusty" allengil oru "legatus augusty proo prattor") keezhil sthaapichu.
roman pravishya (kall).
eiii. dii onnaam noottaandil claudius chakravarty roman pravisyayaaya mourettaaniyaye aadhunika ooraanil ninnu 60 kilometer padinjaraayi mulucha (muluva) nadiyude pathayil mourettaaniya siseriyansis, mourettaaniya tingittaana enningane vibhajichu.
mouttaaniya saamraajyathin kuthirasavaari macrinus enna oru chakravarty nalki. 217-ll caracalla vadhikkappettathinusesham addeham adikaaram pidichadakkiyenkilum adutha varsham elegabalus addehathe paraajayappedutthukayum vadikkukayum cheythu.
chakravarthiyaaya dioclessiante tetrarchy parishkkaranam (293) eee pradeshathe moonnu pravisyakalaayi vibhajichu, kaaranam citifensisinte ettavum kizhakke attathulla cheria pradesham mouttaaniya siseriyansisil ninnu vibhajikkapettu.
noticia dignittittam" (sii. 400) ippozhum nilanilkkunna vishayangalekkurich paraamarsikkunnu, randennam aafrikkan roopathayude vikaariyasinte adhikaarathilaanu 
koodaathe, hispania roopathayude "vikaariyasinte" adhikaarathinu keezhil 
purathana kaalatthinte avasanakaalam.
roman-moorish rajyangal.
moonnaam noottaandile prathisandhiyude samayat mouttaaniyayude chila bhagangal berber gothrangal veendum keezhadakki. moonnaam noottaandinte avasaanathode nerittulla roman bharanam eathaanum theeradesha nagarangalil (mouttaaniya tingittaanayile septtem, mouttaaniya siseriyansisile chershell) parimithappettu.
ulnaadan pradeshangalekkurichulla charitraparamaaya srothassukal viralamaan, ennaal praadeshika nagarangal ulppede oru paridhivare roman samskaaram nilanirthukayum saadhaaranayaayi roman chakravartthimaarude aadhipathyam naamamaathramaayi amgeekarikkukayum cheytha praadeshika berber bharanadhikaarikalaanu ivaye niyanthrichirunnathu.
padinjaaran aljeeriyayile altaavayil ninnulla oru likhithathil, eee bharanaadhikaarikaliloraaya masuna, svayam "rex gentium mouroram ettu romanoram" (roman, moorish janathayude rajaavu) ennu visheshippichu. aafrikkayile baisaantain bharanathe ethirtha mattoru bharanadhikaariyaaya garmul allengil gaarmulesinte thalasthaanamaayirunnu pinneedu altaava, pakshe oduvil 578-ll parajayappettu.
baisantain charitrakaaranaaya procopius procopius mouttaaniya siseriyansis bhooribhaagavum niyanthricha mattoru swatantra bharanadhikaariyaaya mastigasinekkurichum paraamarsikkunnu. ezhaam noottaandil ettu romano-moorish raajyangalundaayirunnu altawa, aursenis, hodna, ooras, nemenchas, capsa, dorsal, kabaavon.
arab adhiniveshathinethiraaya avasana prathirodham ezhaam noottaandinte randaam pakuthiyil pradhaanamaayum roman-moorish rajyangal-mekhalayile avasaanathe baisaantain sainyathodoppam-altaava seasiliasile kristhyan raajaavinte neethrthwathil nilanirtthiyenkilum pinneedu 703 eiii. diyil (kaahina raajnji yudhathil marichappol) poornna paraajayatthil avasaanichu.
raajyam nasippikkuka.
nasippikkuka aarambhicha akramikal roman pravishya keezhadakki. 
hippo regious nagaram 431-ll neenda uparodhathin sesham akramikalude kayyilaayi, 439-ll kartej veenu. theodosius randaaman 441-ll akramikale neridaan oru paryaveshanam ayachu, athu kooduthal purogathi kaivarikkunnathil parajayappettu. valentian III-nte keezhilulla padinjaaran saamrajyam 442-ll kalapakaarikalumaayi samadhaanam urappikkukayum proconsular aafrikkayude niyanthranam sthireekarikkukayum cheythu. adutha 90 varshakkalam aphrica sakthamaaya niyanthranathilaayirunnu. 533-534 enna naseekarana yudhathil akramikale aafrikkayil ninnu purathaakki, athinusesham mouttaaniya naamamaathramaayi orikkalkkoodi oru roman pravisyayaayi maari.
aafrikkayile roman roopathayude pazhaya pravishyakal kooduthalum kollakkar samrakshichirunnuvenkum mikkavarum ellah moureettaaniya tingittaanayum, moureettaaniya siseriyansis, moureettaaniya citifensis ennivayude bhooribhaagavum, numediayudeyum bysena ulbhaagathinte valia bhaagangalum ulppede valia bhagangal berber gothrangalude kadannukayattathinu nashtappettu, ippol mothatthil mouri (pinneedu moorukal) ennu vilikkappedunnu.
aafrikkayile praitorian prefecture.
533ll belisaariyasinte keezhilulla roman sainyam akramikale paraajayappeduthi. 534 eprilil, puthuthayi ettedutha pradeshangalude bharanasamvidhaanathe sambandhicha oru niyamam justinian prasidheekarichu. ennirunnaalum, justinian pazhaya bharanavibhagam punasthaapichu, ennaal kaarthejile mothatthilulla govarnore praittoriyan prefectinte paramonnatha bharanapadaviyilekku uyarthi, athuvazhi aafrikkan roopathayude itaaliyan prefecturilekkulla parambaraagatha keezhppetta avastha avasaanippichu (appozhum austrogoth bharanathin keezhilaayirunnu).
aafrikkayude vankara.
eiii. dii 585 num 590 num idayil mouris chakravarty "exarc" enna oafees srishtichu, ithu oru praitorian prefectinte paramonnatha sivil adikaaravum "majisttar milittaminte" sainika adikaaravum samyojippikkukayum konstantinoppilil ninnu ganyamaaya svayambharanaadhikaaram aaswadikkukayum cheythu. rund exaarkkettukal sthaapikkappettu, onnu italiyil, ravennayil irippidavum (athinaal ravennayude eksaarkkett ennariyappedunnu), onnu aafrikkayil, kartej aasthaanamaakki, padinjaaran medittareniyanile ellah saamraajyasvathukkalum ulppede. aadyathe aafrikkan exarc "patricious" gennadius aayirunnu.
moureettaaniya sesariansis moureettaaniya citifensisum layippichu moureettaaniya prima enna puthiya pravishya roopeekarichu, athesamayam moureettaaniya tingittaanaye spanish theerathe (spania) citadalsumaayum (spanish) baleric dveepukalumaayum samyojippichu moureettaaniya sekkanda roopeekarichu. visigothukalaal budhimuttunna thekkan speyinile oru cheria autposttinekkaal alpam kooduthalaaya "mouttaaniya sekkanda" aafrikkan eksaarkkinte kaivashamundaayirunnu. eiii. dii 624-ll avasaanathe spanish kottakal visigothukal keezhadakki, jibraltarinu athirvashathulla "mouttaaniya seconda" septambam kottayaayi churukki.
matham.
moonnaam noottaandil thanne mouttaaniyayil kristhumatham nilaninnirunnathayi ariyappedunnu. eee pradeshathu thaarathamyena vaikiyaan prathyakshappettathenkilum ithu eee pradeshangalil athivegam vyaapichu. mouttaaniya siseriyansis nagarapradeshangalil ithu sweekarichirunnuvenkilum ulnaadukal romano-berber matham nilanirtthi.
anwario pontifio" yill pattikappedutthiyirikku, perittirikkunnathupole, purathana episcopal sease oof morattaniya citifensis, avasaanathe roman pravishyayile kaanunnu

