
ethiopian saamraajyathinte sarkkar

ethiopian saamraajyathinte sarkkar charitraparamaayi fudal samvidaanathodukoodiya samboornna raajavaazhchayude chattakkoodine adisthaanamaakkiyullathaayinu, avide mathaparamaya niyamasaadhuthaykkum sambanna varggathinum pothuve munganana nalkiyirunnu. saamoohika asamathvavum sainika prakadanatthiloode saamoohika chalanathmakathaykkulla avasarangalum samoohangalude savisheshathakalaayirunnu. shaamangal, varalcha, karshakaril ninnum bhoovudamakalil ninnum niyamavirudhamaaya bhoomi ettedukkal ennivayude oru parambarayundu.
menelic randaaman chakravartthiyude keezhil, shewan amhara aadhipathyam undaayirunnittum 80-ladhikam vamseeya vibhaagangalulla bahujaatheeya saamraajyathin keezhil ethiopia kendreekritha samsthaanamaayi maari. 1930-ll kireedadhaaranathinushesham hail selasi chakravarty ethiopia aadhunikavalkkarichu, 1931-ll rund bharanaghadana konduvannu, 1955-ll punaparisodhikkappettu, athu niyamanirmmaanasabhaye senatt chambera chamber oof deputisaayum vibhajicha ekeekritha paarlamentari samvidaanamaayirunnu.
1270-1931.
charitraparamaayi, vadakkan ethiopian peedabhoomiyil sthithi cheiyunna vamseeya tigrayanmarum amhara svechaadhipathya reethi upayogichu, avarude bharanadhikaarikal mathaparamaya niyamasadhutha (yaadhaasthithika sabha) nalkukayum kaarshika ulppaadanathil ninnu labhikkuna avarude sambathu ulppeduthukayum cheythu. saamoohika asamathvavum vijayakaramaya sainika prakadanatthiloode saamoohika chalanasheshikkulla avasarangalum ulkkollunna samoohangal sreniparamaayi tharamthirickunnu. bhoomi ellaayppozhum ettavum moolyavathaaya vibhavamaan, ettedukkal saamraajyathvathinu pinnile pradhana prerakashakthiyaayi maari, prathyekichu menelic randaamante bharanakalam muthal.
fudalism varshangalolam edhiyopiyayude prabalamaaya saamoohika-rashtreeya, saambathika kramamaayirunnu. eee sanbradaayathil, samoohathe sambathinu anusrithamaayi tharamthirichirunnu, prathyekichu bhoovudamakalkku valia alavil bhoomi ulla bhoomi ettedukkal. aadhunika ardhathil, bhoovudamakal muthalaalitha karshakaraayirunnu, bhoorahitha vargam valarukayaayirunnu. eee prakriyayil shaamam vardhikkaam. menelikkinte vipuleekaranangalkk keezhil (1878-1904), ethiopia pankitta samsthaanangalude savisheshathayaaya bahujaatheeya saamraajyamaayi maari. oru athirthi paridhikkullil, 1900-kalode menelic kooduthal kendreekritha sarkkar roopeekarichu.
irupathaam noottaandile hayle selasiyude parishkaarangal vare amharik saamraajyathinte kendra bhashayaayi maari. pathonpathaam noottaand muthal aarambhicha shewan amhara aadhipathyathe mattu valia vamseeya vibhagangalaaya tigrayan, oromos ennivar koottamaayi nirbandhitha bhoomi ettedukkunnathinte savisheshathakalulla adichamarthal kaazhchavachu. professional sainyatheyum shambalamulla sainyatheyum nayikkanum srishtikkaanum chakravarthikku aathyanthika avakashamundaayirunnu. parambaraagathamaayi, yudhasamayathu praadeshika prabhukkanmaar nalkiyirunna ethiopian sainikar. eee sainikarkk shambalam labhichillengilum sainika prachaarana velayil praadeshika janangalil ninnu nedaan kazhiyunnathupole jeevikkendivannu. addeham kendreekritha command gavanmentilekku neengukayum sainikarkk shambalam nalkaan thudangukayum cheythu.
1930-leeii kireedadhaaranathinushesham eathaanum varshangalkkullil, parambaraagathavum vikendreekrithavumaaya bharanathinu pakaramaayi hail selasi chakravarty oru samrambham nadathukayum raajyathe aadunikavalkkarikkaan thudangukayum cheythu.
1931-1974.
1931 muthal, ethiopiaykku aadyathe bharanaghadanayum athintethaaya niyamanirmmanasabhayum judiciary chakravarty hayle selasiyude keezhil prakhyapikkappetta oru swatantra police sena undaayirunnu. bharanaghadana senatt chamber chamber oof deputies sthaapichu, avayude niyamangal saamraajyathva prakhyaapanatthiloode nadappilakkaan kazhiyum. rajakumaaranmaarkkum mattu vishishtaathidhikalkkum eathu shakthikalum udambadikalum nalkanamennum padavi nalkanamennum theerumaanikkaan chakravarthikku avakashamundaayirunnu.
1955 november 4nuu 131-aamm anuchedam ulkkollunna punaparisodhikkappetta 1955-leeii bharanaghadana prakhyapikkappettu. praadeshika yudhaprabhukkanmaare kuraykkunnathinum saamraajyathva shakti ekeekarikkunnathinum eee bharanaghadana pradhanamaayirunnu. rund bharanaghadanakalum chamber oof senattinum (yehegue mevosegna mecker beth) chamber oof deputicinum (yehegue memeria mecker beth) adikaaram nalki. 1956leeii bharanaghadanayude article 56 prakaram, oro sessionteyum thudakkathilo avasaanathilo avarude yogam adayaalappeduthunna chamber deputy amgangaliloo senattiloo arcum oresamayam amgamaakaan kazhiyilla.
paarlamentari ghadanayil, naalu varshathinullil thiranjedukkappetta 250 amgangal chamber oof deputicil ulppedunnu, athesamayam oro 6 varshathilum chakravarty niyamikkunna 125 amgangalil pakuthiyum senattil ulppedunnu.

