
kuzhichedukkaatha poonthottaparipaalanam

chila jaiva thottakkaar upayogikkunna krishiyillaatha reethiyaanu noow-daig gardening. kuzhichedukkaatha poonthottaparipaalanathinthin uthbhavam vyakthamalla, ithu vyaavasaayikathaykk munbullatho pathonpathaam noottaandile kaarshika saankethikavidyakale adisthaanamaakkiyullatho aakam. 1938-ll eee mekhalayil thante pioneering gaveshana pravartthanam aarambhicha masanobu phukuvoka 1970-kalil "onnum cheyyaatha krishi" allengil prakrithi krishiyekkurichulla addehathinte phukkuvokkan thathwachintha prasidheekarikkaan thudangi, ithu ippol permaakalchar prasthaanatthinte tapp roottaayi chilar amgeekarikkunnu. irupathaam noottaandile eee reethiyude rund thudakkakkar eph. sii. englandile lake distrikttile southu vestt morlandile levens haalile pradhana thottakkaranaaya rajaavu, aaraan "kuzhikkal aavashyamaano?"1946ll yukeyile middlecliffil ninnulla oru thottakkaaran, eiii. 1948ll "kuzhichedukkaathe poonthottaparipaalanam" enna pusthakam prasidheekaricha athidhi. eee thottakkaarude pravartthanatthe yukeyile good gaardenezhs association pinthunachu. 1970kalil australian esthar deanmar kuzhichedukkaatha poonthottaparipaalanathe prothsaahippichu, american thottakkaranaaya rooth stautt 1950kalilum 1960kalilum "joliyillaatha poonthottaparipaalanathilum" kuzhichedukkaatha reethikalilum "sthiramaaya" poonthotta pooppal saankethikavidyaye vaadichu.
poshakangalude aarogyakaramaya saiklingin prashnamulla jeevikaludeyum rogangaludeyum prathirodhatthinum aavashyamaaya micro, macro biotic jeevikal mannil oru "phudu web" community roopappeduthunnuvennu eee saankethikavidya thirichariyunnu. sasyangal avaa uthppaadippikkunna kaarban oorjjathinte oru bhagam mannilekku kaimarunnu, eee oorjjathil ninnu prayojanam labhikkuna sookshumaanukkal mannil labhyamaya jaivavasthukkale sasyangalkk abhivridhippedenda dhaatu gadakangalaayi parivartthanam cheiyunnu.
charithram.
kalakal neekkam cheyyuka, mannu ayaykkuka, vaayusanjaaram cheyyuka, compoost allengil valam polulla jaivavasthukkal thaazhnna mannu paalikalil ulppeduthuka ennivayaanu charitraparamaayi mannu uzhuthumarikkunnathinulla kaaranagal. nerttha mannum uyarnna mannolipum ulla pradeshangalil kuzhikkunnathinethire sakthamaaya oru cases undu, ithu deerghakaalaadisthaanathil durbalamaaya mukalile mannile bhakshyajaalathinu haanikaramaakumenn vaadikkunnu. vattaatha kalakalude verukal neekkam cheiyunnathinulla phalapradamaaya maarggamaan kuzhichedukkal, ithu palappozhum pathittaandukalaayi nishkriyamaayi thudaraan kazhiyunna vithukal uparithalathil vannu mulaykkaan kaaranamaakunnu. mannine vaayusanjaaram cheiyunna pravartthanam mannile jaivavasthukkal kuraykkukayum vighadippikkunnathinulla nirakk vardhippikkukayum cheiyunnu. kuzhikkunnath manninte ghadanaye nasippikkukayum sankeernathaykku kaaranamaakukayum manninte jeevajalangal thammilulla sahavarthithvavum paraspara bandhavum santhulithamaakkaathirikkum cheyyum. kuzhikkunnath poshakangale sthaanabhramsham varuthukayum uparithalathile jaivavasthukkale kooduthal aazhathil maattukayum cheiyunnu, avide sasyangalkk labhyamaya poshakangalilekku vighadippikkunnathine pinthunaykkaan ooksijan kuravaanu, athu veendum niraykkendathundu. padinjaaran europe polulla pazhayathum aazhameriyathum sambannavumaaya mannu ulla pradeshangalil parambaraagathamaayi kuzhikkal nadathappedunnu, avide kuzhikkunnathine thudarnnu mannu idaykkide vishramikkunnu, saadhaaranayaayi thadassamillaatha cover vilakal upayogichu.
reethikal.
kuzhichedukkaatha reethikal prakrithiye krishi pravartthanangal nadatthaan anuvadikkunnu. azhukiya valam, compoost, ila pooppal, chelavazhicha koonn compoost, pazhaya vaikkol thudangiya jaivavasthukkal.kuranjathu 5-15 centimeter (2-6 inch) aazhathilulla oru malchaayi manninte uparithalathil nerittu cherkkunnu, athu pinneedu puzhukkal, praanikal, sookshumaanukkal ennivayude pravarthanangaliloode samyojippikkappedunnu. mannile ghadana kettippadukkunnathinum vaayusanjaaravum drainage nalkunna avayude thurankangal, avayude visarjanam enniva manninte shakalangale bandhippikkunnathin puzhukkalum mattu manninte jeevajaalangalum sahayikkunnu. eee prakrithidatha jaivamandalathil prathivarsham chedikalude verukal valarunna uparithalathile manninte chakravalangalil aarogyakaramaya avastha nilanirthunnu. eee aswasthathayillaatha anthareekshathil kooduthal santhulithamaaya manninte janasamkhya valaraan anuvadikkukayum doshakaramaaya manninte fangasukalekkaal gunakaramaya fangasukal nirmmikkaan prolsaahippikkukayum cheythirikkaam, chaals dowding polulla pariseelakar keedangalum rogangalum ozhivakkunnathaayi parayunnu. eerppam verum bhoomiyude uparithalathekkaal kooduthal kaaryakshamamaayi malchinu keezhil nilanirthappedunnu, ithu pathukke puranthallaanum poshakangalude kuranja leaching anuvadikkunnu.
mattoru noow-digg reethiyaanu sheett mulching, athil oru poonthotta pradesham nananja paper allengil cardboard, compoost enniva upayogichu moodukayum mukalil landscape malchu upayogichu pothinjirikkukayum cheiyunnu. eee saankethikavidyaye lasagna poonthottaparipaalanam ennum vilikkunnu.
kuzhikkathirikkaanulla samvidaanam kuzhikkunnathinekkaal eluppamaanennu kanakkaakkappedunnu. ithu oru deerghakaala prakriyayaan, koodaathe malchu metteeriyal nalkunnathinu dhaaraalam jaivavasthukkale aasrayikkunnu. compoost malchu cherkkunnathinu munbu cardboardinte valia sheettukal allengil spread outtu pathratthinte niravadhi kanam polulla prakasham ozhivaakkunna uparithala paali prayogikkunnathiloode avayude pidi durbalappeduthaamenkilum eee pradeshathu ninnu vattaatha kalakalude verukal munkootty neekkam cheiyunnathum sahaayakaramaan. pathram allengil cardboard parannukidakkaan sahayikkunnathinum mukalilulla vasthukkal cherkkunnathuvare athu pottunnath thadayunnathinum nannayi nananjirikkanam.
austreliya.
noow-digg gardening", "leaves oof life" ennee pusthakangal esthar deans rachichu. eee poonthottaparipaalana reethiyekkurich padippikkaanum paachakam cheyyaanum prathyeka aavasyamullavarkkaayi valarthiya poonthottangal prolsaahippikkaanum avar sajeevamaayi yaatra cheythu. jalathinte gunanilavaaram mikacha reethiyil nilanirthendathinte aavashyakathayekkurichum avar padippichu. 95 vayass vare deanmar poonthottaparipaalanam thudarnnu. eee samayat, esthar australiyayile ettavum prasidheekaricha ezhuthukaariyaayathinaal harper collins prasadhakar avarude raidu offeesukalil avarkkayi oru prathyeka oonarari paripadi nadatthi. deanmar valarnnappol, mattullavarkk poonthottaparipaalanam padippikkaattha reethikal padippikkunna paarambaryam thudaraan sahaayicha lucinda bartram avare sahayichu. 1990 kalude madhyathinum 2009 num idayil bondiyil ninnum pinneedu randwickil ninnumulla bartram, deanmare pothujanangalilekku athicheraan sahayikkukayum vadakkan sidneyude praanthapradeshamaaya veythaarayile nazhsing appaartmentin chuttum deanmar sookshichirikkunna samriddhamaaya 'noow-digg' pushpa kidakkakal paripalikkukayum cheythu. school kuttikale 'noow-digg' poonthottaparipaalana saankethikavidyakal padippikkunnathum 2009 vare poonthotta melakalil thangalude arivu swathanthramaayi pankidunnathum sthreekal varshangalolam pankittu.
permaakalchar prasthaanatthile bill mollison ulppede niravadhi prashastha thottakkaarkk esthar deans prachodanamaayi, "njaan athu engane cheiyumennathu shariyalla" ennu avar paranjuvenkilum, prakrithiye ettedukkaan avar anuvadichilla, ennaal karsanamaaya poonthotta arikukalum kooduthal vaarshikangalum upayogichu aupachaarikatha nilanirtthi.
esthar deensinte 'noow daig gardening' thathwangalil roopeekaricha poonthottangalil randwick community oorgaanik garden (arcog), sidney, nyoo southu weils, austreliya enniva ulppedunnu.
yuke.
1982 muthal chaals dowding thante maarkkat gaardanukalil call muthal ezhu ekkar vare pradeshathu oru khananavum nadathiyittilla. jaivaparamaayum kuzhichedukkaatheyum poonthottaparipaalanathekku pathinonnu pusthakangal ezhuthiyittulla addeham eee vishayathil pathivayi prabhaashanangalum kozhsukalum nadathunnu. nananjathum britiish kaalaavasthayil sluggukal adinjukoodunnathumaaya jaivavasthukkalekkaal compoost oru malchaayi upayogikkunnathil addehathinte reethikal shradha kendreekarikkunnu. praadeshika mannu, saahacharyangal, vilakal ennivaykku anusrithamaayi avarude sameepanavumaayi poruthappedaan addeham thottakkaare prothsaahippikkunnu. praadeshika kadakalil vilppanaykku vekkunna salad elakalum thadassamillaatha mannil chedikal nannayi valarunnathumaan addehathinte swantham prathyekatha.

