
arrie kalappura

vilavedutha arrie sambharikkunnathinum unakkunnathinum lokamembaadum upayogikkunna oru tharam kalappurayaan arrie kalappura. kalappurakalude roopakalppanakal saadhaaranayaayi avayude pravarthanatthinu prathyekathayullavayaanu, athinaal rajyangalkkum pravisyakalkkum idayil vyathyaasappedaam. thekkukizhakkan eshyayile nell kalappurakal nelkrishi cheiyunna lokathinte mattu bhaagangalil kaanapedunna nell kalappurakalil ninnu thikachum vyathyasthamaan. amerikkayil thekke carolina samsthaanathudaneelam orikkal arrie kalappurakal saadhaaranamaayirunnu.
charithram.
saadhaaranayaayi stilttukalil nirmmichathum athinte vyathiyanangalumulla nelkkulangalude ghadana indoneshyan dveepasamoohathiludaneelam saadhaaranamaanu. minankabou paarambaryatthil "rangkiang" ennum batak, thoraja, sasak paarambaryangalilum ithu kaanapedunnu. jaavayude kaarshika samoohathil valare saadhaaranamaayirunna oru purathana gadanayaayi looyatt allengil samanamaaya ghadana vishwasikkappedunnu. madhya jaavayile onpathaam noottaandile borobudoorinte maranjirikkunna paadatthil ninnulla oru padanatthil purathana javanese arrie kalappura innathe sundanese "looyatt lengang" (neelamulla stilttad arrie kalappura)-nuu samaanamaanenn velippeduthi, ithu dveepil arrie kalappurayude nirmmaanatthinte thudarchayaaya paarambaryatthe prakadamaakkunnu.
thekkukizhakkan eshyayile arrie kalappurakal.
indoneshya.
indoneshyayile ("lumbangs" ennariyappedunna) nelkkulangal naalu thoonukalilaanu nirmmichirikkunnathu, saadhaaranayaayi nilathu ninnu 11⁄2 meterinum 2 meterinum idayil uyarathil nilkkunnu. melkkoora pinthunaykkunnathinaayi pilarnna mulla allengil vettila marangalude vazhakkamulla framing valachu nirmmichukondu uyarnna sambharana mekhalaykku palappozhum oru vyathyastha omega aakruthi undu. melkoora saadhaaranayaayi "alang-alang" pullukondu moodappettirikkunnu, vashangal neythathum pilarnnathumaaya mulla kondaanu ("pagger" ennu vilikkunnu) nirmmichirikkunnathu. uyarthiyathum adachathumaaya arrie kalappuraykku thaazheyulla thooninte adithara mathilukalillaathe thurannirikkunnu. oru tharayo platfomo nilathu ninnu ekadesham randara meter uyarathil maravum mulayum kondaanu nirmmichirikkunnathu. eee thaazhathe plaattphom aalukalkk irikkaanum visramikkaanum soukaryapradavum nizhalullathumaaya oru sthalam nalkunnu. pala parambaraagatha gramangalilum eee thaazhnna irippidam graamavaasikalkk oru othucheral sthalamaanu, avide bisinesses pravartthanangalum saamoohika edapedalukalum saadhaaranayaayi nadakkunnu. 
indoneshyan dveepasamoohathile praadeshika vaasthuvidyayil maram, mulla vasthukkal upayogichaanu arrie kalappurakal nirmmichirikkunnathu, saadhaaranayaayi unangiya pullu, eenthappana allengil "ijuk" ("arega pinnatta" naarukal) enniva upayogichu melkoora nirmmikkunnu, avayil bhooribhaagavum elikaleyum praanikaleyum ozhivakkaan naalo athiladhikamo posttukalil uyarthappettavayaan. oro indoneshyan vamseeya vasthuvidyaa shailikalkkanusarich shailikal vyathyasthamayirikkum. omega aakruthiyilulla valanja melkoora lombok dveepinte saadhaarana sasak sailiyaanu. tongonan shailiyilulla prathyeka melkoora thorajan nelkkulangalil kaanam. mattu udaaharanangalil sundanese "looyatt", minang "rankiang" enniva ulppedunnu.
lavos.
lavosile arrie kalappurakal saadhaaranayaayi lottian veedukalude roopakalppanaye prathifalippikkunnu, ennirunnaalum avaa saadhaaranayaayi veettil ninnu vyathyasthamaaya kettidangalaanu. maram kondo mulla kondulla koombaarangal kondo nirmmicha nelkulam saadhaaranayaayi veedinadutho graamatthinte arikilo sthithicheyyunnu.
thayland.
ariyumaayi valareyadhikam bandhappettirikkunna samskaaramulla oru rajyamaanu thayland. nelkkaadukal bhooprakrithiyil vyaapichukidakkunnu, koodaathe kalappura parivartthana pravanatha aaa rajyath vyaapichu. mattu gadanakal avayude vaasthuvidyayiloode parambaraagatha arrie kalappuraye anukarikkunnu.
vadakke amerikkayile arrie kalappurakal.
america.
american aikyanaadukalile arrie kalappurakal ettavum saadhaaranamaayath thekkan carolina samsthaanathaanu. avarude roopakalppana arrie krishiyil avarude prathyeka upayogam prathiphalippichu.
design.
thekkan karolinayile arrie kalappurakal saadhaaranayaayi chathuraakrithiyilullathum frame nirmmaanamullathumaayirunnu. puram mathilukal saadhaaranayaayi cypress shingles kondu moodappettirunnu. ishtikakkappalinte aditharakal saadhaaranayaayi rund nilakal uyarathil kayarunna nirmmithikale pinthunaykkunnu; gable melkkoorakal avayil mikkathinteyum mukalil nilkkunnu. randaam nilayilekku oru interior stairwell vazhi athicheraam. janala, vaathil ennivayude sthaanam vyathyasthamayirikkum. ennirunnaalum, kalappurayude neelamulla vashathe mathilukalilonninte avasaanathilum randaam nilayile pullu nilayilum praveshanakavaadangal palappozhum kaanapettirunnu.