
ardhaparamaaya thiriv

vyaavasaayika, graphik, vivaradaayaka, vasthuvidyaa, saamoohika-karakaushalavasthukkal engane pravartthikkanam ennathinu oonnal nalkunnathil ninnu avaa baadhichavarkku avaa enthaanu ardhamaakkunnathu ennathilekku-ardhashaasthrathekkuristhu aashankayaya ardhashaasthrathil ninnu-karakaushalavasthukkalude roopakalppanayile oru maathrukaa maattathe ardhamaakkunnathu ardhathekkurichulla aashankayaan. professional designinu oru puthiya adithara, vishadamaaya design prabhashanam, theliyikkapetta reethikalude krodeekaranangal, athinte uthppannangalude shaasthreeya nyaayeekaranangal, avarude pankaalikalude shringalaykkullil pravartthikkunna professional designermark vyakthamaaya swathuam enniva ithu nalkunnu.
aarttifaakttukalude saankethikavum upayokthaavin prasakthamallaathathumaaya pravartthanavum vyakthigathamaayum saamoohikamaayum saamskaarikamaayum aarttifaakttukalumaayulla manushya edapedalukalum thammilulla vyathyasam ardhamaakkunnathu. praayogika shaasthranjar, mechanical allengil electronic enchineeyarmaar, saambathikashaasthram, uthppaadanam, vipananam ennivayile vidagdhar ennivar karakaushalavasthukkalude saankethika maanam shradhikkunnathine saankethikavidya kendreekritha roopakalppana ennu vilikkunnu. saadhaarana upayokthaakkalkk manassilaakaathathum saankethikavidyayude upayokthaakkalkk thaalpparyamillaathathumaaya design maanadandangal prayogikkunna reethiyilaan ithu athinte vishayathe abhisambodhana cheiyunnathu. upayokthaakkal avarude karakaushala vasthukkalkk konduvarunna ardhangal, avar engane upayogikkunnu, avayekkurichu samsaarikkunnu, vividha pankaalikalkkidayil, manushyakendreekritha roopakalppanayude domaine aanu. saadhaarana upayokthaakkale sambandhichidatholam, karakaushalavasthukkalude makeup saankethika pravartthanavum avarkk yadhaarthathil pradhaanamaayathinte pashchaathalam maathramaan.
eee vyathyaasathin oru pradhana udaaharanam pezhsanal computerukalude roopakalppanayaanu. mikka aalukaleyum sambandhichidatholam, oru computerinullile pravartthanangal manassilakkaan kazhiyaathavayaan, pakshe computerukal roopakalppana cheythirikkunnathu praadhamikamaayi avarude interfesukaliloode anubhavikkan kazhiyunnathinaal budhimuttullavayalla. manushya-computer interfaceukalil interactive aayi punakrameekarikkavunna aikkanukal, texttukal, niyanthranangal enniva adangiyirikkunnu, athu upayokthaakkalkk dainamdina padangalil manasilakkaanum abhikaamyamaaya lakshyangalilekk kaikaaryam cheyyaanum kazhiyum. budhiparamaaya karakaushalavasthukkalude roopakalppana soochippikkunnathu "phoom follos function" enna pazhaya pazhanchollu inii sadhuvalla-ettavum lalithamaaya upakaranangalozhike. lalithamaaya adukkala upakaranangal, pothu sevana samvidaanangal, vasthuvidyaa edangal allengil vivara prachaaranangal ennivayaanengilum ardhavathaayathum upayogikkaan eluppamullathum anubhavikkan polum aasvaadyakaravumaaya karakaushalavasthukkalumaayi manushya interfaceukal roopakalppana cheiyunnathil manushyakendreekritha designermaarude athulyamaaya vaidagdhyam vasikkunnuvennu ardhamaakkunna vazhithirivu soochippikkunnu. oru automobile theerchayaayum gathagatha maargamaayi pravartthikkanam, manushyakendreekritha designermar driving, pravartthanatthinte eluppam, oru prathyeka automobile oodikkunnathinte saamoohika ardhangal ulppede surakshayude vikaaram ennivaykku oonnal nalkunnu. karakaushala vasthukkalkk pala maanangalil pravarthikkendathinaal, manushyakendreekritha designermark karakaushalavasthukkalude vividha maanangale abhisambodhana cheiyunna prasakthamaaya ellah pankaalikalumaayi pravartthikkaan kazhiyanam.
"ardhaparamaaya vazhithirivu": oru pusthakavum athinte prameyangalum.
pensylvania sarvakalaashaalayile communication professor cybernetician degreed designer designinulla shaasthrathe munnott nayikkunnathinayi valareyadhikam prasidheekaricha gaveshakanumaaya closs cryptendorfinte pusthakatthinte thalakkett koodiyaanu semantic teenn. roopakalppanaykkulla oru puthiya adithara" enna pusthakatthinte upasheershakam manushyakendreekritha design samskaarathil design sanbradaayangalude punarroopakalppana nirddeshikkunnu. karakaushala vasthukkal nedunna ardhangalilum designermaarude praadhamika aashanka enthaanennum enthaayirikkanamennum kendreekarichu cryptendorff roopakalppanayekkurichu oru samagramaya veekshanam edukkunnu.
"cryptendorfinteyum vennayudeyum" "uthppanna ardhashaasthrathil" "ninnulla parinaamatthe semantic teenn prathinidheekarikkunnu, ithu" "aalukal engane karakaushala vasthukkalkk ardham nalkukayum athinanusarichu avarumaayi edapazhakukayum cheiyunnu ennathinekkurichulla chittayaya anweshanam" "ennum" "avarude upayokthakkalkkum avarude pankaalikalude samoohangalkkum nedaan kazhiyunna ardhangal kanakkileduthu karakaushala vasthukkal roopakalppana cheiyunnathinulla padawali reethishaasthravum" "ennum nirvachikkapettu". ardhathinum sidhaanthathinteyum prayogathinteyum praadhaanyathinum oonnal nalkumbol, "ardhaparamaaya thiriv" aadyam designermaarude aashankakale roopakalppanayude puthiya velluvilikalilekku vyaapippikkunnu, athil sevanangal, identittikal, interfaceukal, multy-user sisttangal, projaktukal, prabhashanangal enniva ulppedunnu; randaamathaayi, upayogathilulla, bhashayil, karakaushalavasthukkalude muzhuvan jeevithachakrathilum, karakaushalavasthukkalude paristhithiyilum ulla karakaushalavasthukkalude ardham pariganikkuka.
design.
cryphendorfine sambandhichidatholam, design "swaabhaavikamaayi varathava konduvarunnu (...); mattullavarkk yaadhaarthyamaakkaan kazhiyunna karakaushala vasthukkal nirddeshikkunnu (...) valia samoohangalude jeevithathe pinthunaykkanam...) mikkavarkkum ardhavathaayirikkanam, avayil ohari ulla ellaavarkkum anuyojyamaanu ". athinaal roopakalppana bandhappettavar karakaushala vasthukkalkk nalkunna ardhavumaayi aduppathode bandhappettirikkunnu. designermar saadhyamaaya bhaavikal pariganikkunnu (...) avarude agrahakshamatha vilayiruthuka...) varthamaanakaalath ninnu abhikaamyamaaya bhaavikalilekkulla yaadhaarthyabodhamulla pathakal srishtikkukayum pravartthikkukayum cheyyuka, oru roopakalppana phalavathaakaan kazhiyunnavarkk avaa nirddeshikkuka ". ellah roopakalppanayum mattullavarkk sevanam nalkunnuvennu amgeekarikkukayum, "ardhaparamaaya vazhithirivu" upayokthaavine stattistikkal fictionaayi kanakkakkunnilla, marichu arivulla pankaalikalaayum manushyakendreekritha design prakriyakalil aavashyamaaya pankaalikalaayum kanakkakkunnu.
manushyakendreekrithathayude mungaamikal.
manushyakendreekaranam vaakkukalil aadyamaayi prakadippichathaayi vishwasikkappedunna greak thathwachinthakanaaya protagorasine krippendorf udharikkunnu, "manushyan ellaattinteyum alavaanu, ellaattinteyum alavaanu...) koodaathe illaatha kaaryangalum (...)."crypfendorff jeey yude varnna sidhaantham udharikkunnu. dablyu. nirangal manushyante kanninte uthppannamaanennu choondikkaanichukondu aisak nyoottante nirangalekkurichulla spectral sidhaantham jnjaanashaasthraparamaayi thettaanenn thurannukaattiya voonn goythe. athu illaathe niram nilanilkkilla. itaaliyan thathwachinthakanaaya jii. cryptendorfine soochippikkunnu. aarr ethirkkunnathinu vikko. jeevashaasthranjarkku naam enthaanu nirmmichathennu manushyaraaya namukkariyam, avarkk arivodeyo bhouthikamaayo saamoohikamaayo enthaanu nirmmichathennu avakaashappedunnu. addehathinte speeshees-specific sidhaanthamaaya ardhathinum echu. mathurana eph. manasshaasthranjanaaya jeey. kku, vijnjaanathinte oru jaiva adithara vikasippikkunnathinulla varela. jeey. nammude paristhithi nammude daaranaykku kaaranamaakunnillenn amgeekarikkunna thaangaanaavunnathinekkuravur addehathinte sangalppathinu gibson, athu nammude censory-motor ekopanam nalkunnu allengil nalkunnilla; naravamshashaasthra bhaashaashaasthranjanu bii. ell. nammude daaranakal bhasha, athinte vyakaranam, padavali ennivayumaayi bandhappettirikkunnave addehathinte amgeekaarathinu nandi. ettavum pradhanamaayi, cryptendorff svayam ell. manushyar vasthukkalude bhauthika gunangal kaanukayum pravartthikkukayum cheiyunnilla, marichu avarkk avaa enthaanu ardhamaakkunnathu ennathil" enna sidhaanthathil paryavasaanikkunna ardhathe upayogamenna vitjansteente nirvachanam.
ardham.
enthengilum ardham nalkunnathu athu manassilakkunnathil ninnaan, athu pravrithiyude oru aamukhamaanu. "oraal ellaayppozhum abhimukeekarikkunnathinte ardhathinanusarichu pravartthikkunnu", eee pravartthanangalude anantharafalangal oraal edapedunnathinte ardhathinte bhaagamaayi maarunnu. ardhangal ellaayppozhum oraalude nirmmaanamaan, athu sandarbhatheyum samskaaratheyum aasrayichirikkunnu. ore karakaushalavasthuvinu vyathyastha samayangalilum upayogathinte vyathyastha sandarbhangalilum vyathyastha aalukalkkum vyathyastha ardhangal nalkaam. mattullavar upayogikkunnathinaayi karakaushala vasthukkal roopakalppana cheiyunnathu designermarode mattullavarude dhaarana manasilakkaan aavashyappedunnu, ithu adisthaanaparamaayi bhauthika kaaryangalekkurichulla daaranayekkaal vyathyasthamaaya oru "second oordar dhaarana" aanu. ardhangal nerittu nireekshikkaan kazhiyaathathinal, designermar chila ardhangal soochippikkunna pravartthanangal shradhaapoorvvam nireekshikkendathundu; avarude pankaalikalumaayi charchayil earppeduka; design prakriyayil pankedukkaan avare shanikkuka.
upayogathilulla karakaushala vasthukkalude ardham.
aalukal karakaushalavasthukkalumaayi edapazhakunnathiloode avayude ardham nedunnu, avide ardhangal pratheekshicha upayogakshamathayaayi maarunnu. ennirunnaalum, manushya computer edapedalukalilekkulla interfaceukal enna ashayam cryptendorff parimithappeduthunnilla. addehathe sambandhichidatholam, oraal abhimukeekarikkunna eathu karakaushalavasthuvinum eee ashayam baadhakamaan. upayokthaakkalkk, karakaushala vasthukkal thaangavunna vilayayi kanakkaakkappedunnu, avaa praapthamaakkunnatho nirodhikkunnatho aaya edapedalukal. athinaal kathrikayum coffey kappukalum pezhsanal computerukaleppole interfaceukalaayi anubhavappedunnu. avayude bhouthikamo computational makeup upayogikkenda pashchaathala prathibhasangalaayi maarunnu. upayogathilulla oru karakaushalavasthuvinte ardham "upayokthaakkalkk pratheekshikkan karanangalulla sangalppikkaavunna indriyangaludeyum pravarthanangaludeyum shreni" ennaanu. anuyojyamaaya interfaceukal svayam vyakthavum "upayokthaakkalum avarude karakaushala vasthukkalum thammilulla aantharikamaayi prachodanaathmakamaaya edapedalukalum" aanu.
manushyar saankethikavidyayude upayogam paryavekshanam cheythathine adisthaanamaakki, ellah karakaushala vasthukkalum moonnu ghattangalil upayogikkaan kazhiyunna tharatthilaanu roopakalppana cheyyappedendathennu cryptendorff vaadikkunnu prarambha amgeekaaram, idatharam paryavekshanam, prashnamillaatha aashrayathvam. upayokthaavinte lokathil aartifaakt valare kurachumaathram shradhikkappedunnathum, nediyedukkenda kaaryangalilekku nokkumbol nissaaramaayi kanakkakkappedunnathumaaya reethiyil samyojippikkappedumbo randaamathethu kaivarikkunnath. thirichariyalil upayokthaakkalude vargeekaranangal ulppedunnu, aartifaakt itharathilulla "anuyojyamaaya tharam" yumayi ethratholam aduthirikkunnu. samsthaana soochakangal, purogathi reportukal, pravarthanangaludeyum sannadhathayudeyum sthireekaranangal, alaram signalukal, pravartthanangalum avayude prathekshikkunna phalangalum thammilulla adutha parasparabandham, saadhyathakalude bhoopadangal, nirddeshangal, pishak sandeshangal, multy-censory feedback thudangiya vivarangalaanu paryavekshanam sugamamaakkunnath. upayokthaakkalude aantharika prachodanam undaakunnath, thadassamillaatha karakaushalavasthukkalumaayulla anaayasavum prashnamillaathathum ennaal naipunyapoornavumaaya edapazhakalaaya aashrayathil ninnaan. nannayi roopakalppana cheytha oru interface avyakthamaaya amgeekaaravum phalapradamaaya paryaveshanavum praapthamaakkukayum aasvaadyakaramaaya aashrayathvathilekku nayikkukayum cheiyunnu. eee parivartthanangal poortthiyaakkunnathinu, manushyakendreekritha designermar upayokthaakkalude vaijnjaanika maathrkakal, saamskaarika sheelangal, kazhivukal ennivayekkurichu randaam nira dhaarana ulppeduthendathundu.
saadhaaranayaayi, upayokthaakkal avarude karakaushala vasthukkale valare vyathyasthamaaya kazhivukalode sameepikkunnu. "semantic teenn" niravadhi semantic paalikal roopakalppana cheyyaan anuvadikkunnathiloode eee vyathyaasangal ulkkollanulla saadhyatha vaagdaanam cheiyunnu. udaaharanathinu, samakaalika syrox mesheenukal pakarppukal nirmmikkunnathin oru paali pradarshippikkunnu, mattonn paper jaam clear cheiyunnathinu, moonnilonnu kedaaya bhaagangalkk pakaram pariseelanam labhicha sevana udyogasthar maattisthaapikkunnathina, naalilonn maattisthaapicha gadakangalude factory attakuttappanikalkkayi neekkivachirikkunnu.
bhaashayile karakaushala vasthukkalude ardham.
"ellah karakaushalavasthukkaludeyum vidhi bhaashayilaan theerumaanikkunnathu", cryptendorff parayunnu. theerchayaayum, oru artifact bandhappettavar, kazhchakkaar, vimarshakar, upayokthaakkal ennivar thammilulla sambhashanangalil praveshichayudane prathyakshappedunna aakhyaanangal, aarttifaaktine oru tharatthilullatho allengil mattoru tharatthilullatho aayi tharamthirikkunna perukal, prathyeka gunangalilekku daaranaye nayikkunna naamavisheshanangal ennivayil designermar shradhikkanam (ithu oru "vegathayeriya" kaar aano? oru "vikruthamaaya" sell phoon? oru "hye klaas" vasthramo?). atharam swabhaavasavisheshathakalkk oru karakaushalavasthuvine srishtikkaano takarkkaano kazhiyum, aalukal avayekkurichu samsaarikkunna reethi designermark avaganikkanaavilla. karakaushala vasthukkal roopakalppana cheyyendathu avayude interfaceukal [eluppathil] vivarikkaavunnathum saamoohikamo aashayavinimayaparamo aaya bandhangalumayi poruthappedunnathumaanu" ennu crypfendorff nirddeshikkunnu.
oru karakaushalavasthuvinte "swabhaavam"-athinu anuyojyamaanennu karuthunna naamavaachakangalude koottam-semantic deferential skeyilukal vazhi vilayiruthaan kazhiyum-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- - atharam reethikal manushyakendreekritha designermark ardhangal alakkunnathinum alakkaavunna soundaryaparamaaya lakshyangal pinthudarunnathu ulppede nirvachikkapetta design maanadandangalilekku pravartthikkunnathinum saadhyathayulla pankaalikalkk oru roopakalppanaye nyaayeekarikkunnathinum vazhikal nalkunnu.
karakaushala vasthukkal ulppede manushyajeevithathiludanilam bhasha vyaapichukidakkunnu. ithu karakaushalavasthukkalude upayokthaakkalkk mathramalla, avarude designermark baadhakamaan. design teamukalkkullil vikasikkunna vivaranagal oru design edukkunna disha nirnnayikkunnu, koodaathe oru design projectinoppam pocano ethirkkaano bandhappettavare bodhyappeduthukayum athu nirmmikkunnathin valare munbuthanne designermaare swaadheenikkukayum cheythekkaam. nilavilulla karakaushala vasthukkal, purathana vasthukkal, kaalaharanappettava, purathana vasthukkal allengil museum kashanagal ennivayekkurichu namukkariyaavunnath kadhakalude roopathilaanu. upayogathil labhikkuna karakaushala vasthukkal pradhaanamaayum bhashayil roopappeduthiyirikkunnu" ennathinaal, crypfendorff urappichu parayunnathupole, designermar avaa vishakalanam cheyyendathundu.
karakaushala vasthukkalude jeevithathil ardham.
ivide, avarude jeevithachakrathil muzhuvan karakaushala vasthukkal pariganikkaan cryptendorff designermaare kshanikkunnu. vyaavasaayika uthppannangalude kaaryatthil, jeevitachakram oru prarambha aashayathil ninnu aarambikkukayum thudarnnu design, enchiniyaring, uthppaadanam, vilppana, upayogam, sambharanam, paripalanam, oduvil recycle cheythatho maalinyamo aayi viramikkal enniva nadathukayum cheyyaam. sharee, angane allah, designermar oru uthppannathinte prakadanam, aasoothrithamallaatha upayogangal, apratheekshitha prasnangal, thathfalamaayundaakunna saamoohika prathyaaghaathangal ennivayekkurichu valareyadhikam padichekkaam, athu aaa uthppannathinte adutha thalamurayude roopakalppana mechappeduthaan sahayikkum-roopakalppana orikkalum avasanikkunnilla. oru karakaushala vasthuvinte jeevithachakrathinte oro ghattathilum, aaa karakaushala vasthuvin vividha pankaalikalkk vaividyamaarnnathum ennaal aathmanishtamaayum ardhavathaaya interfaceukale pinthunaykkendathundu. atharam pankaali shringalakalil, karakaushala vasthukkal onnil ninnu mattonnilekku neengendathundu "oru samskaarathinullil oru karakaushalavasthuvum athinte vividha nirvachanangaliloode neekkaan kazhiyunnavarkk ardhavathaayirikkaathe saakshaathkarikkaan kazhiyilla".
karakaushala vasthukkalude paristhithiyil ardham.
nighandukkal paristhithiye oru pothu parithasthithiyile bahu-speesheesukalude prathipravarthanamaayi nirvachikkunnu, speesheesukal mrugangalum sasyangalumaan. ennirunnaalum, manushyar orupakshe prakrithiyekkaal kooduthal vaividhyamaarnna "karakaushala vasthukkal" srishtichittundu. karakaushalavasthukkalude enangalum janikkukayum valippathilum ennathilum valarukayum upa-inangalaayi vaividyavalkkarikkukayum mattu speesheesukalumaayi bandhappedukayum parasparam poruthappedukayum avayude manushya paristhithiyumaayi poruthappedukayum prakrithiyil ullathupole punarnirmmikkukayo parinamikkukayo aprathyakshamaavukayo cheiyunnuvennu crypfendorff nireekshikkunnu. inam karakaushala vasthukkal mattu karakaushala vasthukkalil malsarikkukayo sahakarikkukayo paraannabhojikalo aakam. randaamathethinte oru udaaharanathinu, imeyil aavaasavyavasthayil thazhachuvalarunnathum athinu purathu nilanilkkaan kazhiyathathumaaya spam pariganikkuka. mrugangaludeyum sasyangaludeyum enangal avarudethaaya reethiyil parasparam edapazhakumbol, manushya ejansikaliloode inam karakaushala vasthukkal aashayavinimayathilekku konduvarunnu. aalukal veettile furnitureukal polulla karakaushala vasthukkal krameekarikkunnu; internettile kanakkukoottalukal pole netvarkkukalumaayi bandhippikkunnu; medical upakaranangal, marunnukal, chikilsakal enniva niranja aashupathrikal polulla valia saamskaarika sahakarana samghangal roopeekarikkunnu; pezhsanal computerukalkku typetiterukal nalkiyathupole oru inathe mattonnin anukoolamaayi viramikkunnu; allengil jolic gathaagathathinum aadyam upayogichirunna kuthirakal pole avayude paaristhithika ardhangal maattunnu, kaayikarangathu oru paaristhithika idam kandethi.
karakaushalavasthukkalude paristhithiyil, onninte ardham mattu karakaushalavasthukkalumaayulla saadhyamaaya edapedalukal ulkkollunnu sahakaranm, malsaram (pakarakkaaran), aadhipathyam allengil samarppikkal, computerukal ippol cheiyunnathupole saankethika vikasanathinu neethrthwam nalkuka, computer storukalil kaanapedunna gadjettukal pole nethaakkale pinthunaykkuka. athupole, roadukalum gyaas steshanukalum automobileukalude vikasanam pinthudarukayum nagarangalude roopakalppanayum joliyude vitharanavum ulppede valare valia saamskaarika samuchayathil pankedukkukayum vibhavangalude kshayam, maalinyavum kaarban dye ooksaidum puranthallal ennivayiloode prakrithiye baadikkukayum cheiyunnu. thangalude nirddeshangalude paaristhithika ardham kaikaaryam cheyyaan kazhiyunna designermark avarude designukal sajeevamaayi nilanirthaan mikacha saadhyathayund".
designinulla oru shaasthrathilekku.
1969ll nobel sammana jethaav herbert saiman krithrimashaasthrathinu ahvaanam cheythu. prakrithi shaasthranjar, enthaanu nilanilkkunnathenn aashankaakularaanennum athesamayam designermar enthaanu cheyyendathennum athu engane nedaamennum aashankaakularaanennum addeham vaadichu. yukthisahamaya theerumaana sidhaanthavum computational lojikkinte aadyakaala ashayangalum addehathinte roopakalppanaye roopappeduthi, athinaal ithu pradhaanamaayum saankethikavidya kendreekritha roopakalppanayil parimithappedutthiyirunnu. simoninte rachanakalumaayi crypendorff thaazhepparayunna vairudhyangal cherthu
designinulla oru shaasthram designinu moonnu sambhavanakal nalkunnu
design gaveshanam.
pothuvaayi, ashayavinimayam nadathaavunna arivu srishtikkunna eathoru anweshanavum gaveshanamaanu. manushyakendreekritha design gaveshanathil saadhaaranayaayi ulppedunnu
design reethikal.
manushyakendreekritha roopakalppana reethikal lakshyamidunnathu
ardhaparamaaya avakaashavaadangalude saadhuta.
designinulla oru shaasthrathil, prathyeka samoohangalkkaayi avarude roopakalppanayude ardham, sadgunangal, saadhyathayulla yaadhaarthyam, chelavukal, nettangal ennivayekkurichu designermar unnayikkenda avakaashavaadangalkku sakthamaaya nyaayeekaranangal srishtikkunnathu moolyanirnnayathil ulppedunnu. eathoru roopakalppanaykkum bhaviyil maathrame svayam theliyikkaan kazhiyoo ennathinaal, "poost phaaktam", mattullavarude sahakaranathode, manushyakendreekritha roopakalppana nyaayeekarikkaavunnath vishwasaneeyamaaya vaadangaliloode maathrameyulloo, athu athinte pankaalikale aaa roopakalppana thirichariyaano upayogikkaano prerippikkunna prashnathe adisthaanamaakkiyulla vivara samvidaanamaanu. ellaayppozhum nireekshikkaanaavaatha aakasmikathakalumayi bandhappettirikkunna roopakalppanaykkulla shaasthrathin, prakrithi shaasthranjar avarude sidhaanthangalkkaayi aagrahikkunna tharatthilulla lalithamaaya sathya avakaashavaadangal nalkaan kazhiyilla. ennaal designermar aavashyappedunna kleyimukale pinthunaykkaan ithinu mattu niravadhi manushyakendreekritha vazhikal nalkaan kazhiyum
uthppanna ardhashaasthram", "ardhaparamaaya thiriv" ennivayude sweekaranam.
1984ll nanayangal nirmmichathinushesham, "uthppanna ardhashaasthrathinte" upayogam vardhichu. 2009ll googilil thiranjappol ithine paraamarsikkunna 18,000-ladhikam rekhakal kandethi. ennirunnaalum, roopakalppanaye amithamaayi lalithamaaya reethiyil kooduthal vimarsanaathmakamaaya sameepanathe abhibhaashakar vimarsichittundu.
lokamembaadumulla niravadhi sarvakalaashaalakalude pramukha design vakuppukalil padippikkunna kozhsukalil karakaushalavasthukkalude ardhashaasthram kendra praadhaanyamullathaayi mariyirikkunnu, avayil arizona stettu yooniversittiyil; cranbrook akkadami oof arts; ohiyo stettu yooniversitti; savanna koleju oof art aandu design; amerikkayile filadelfiyayile yooniversitti oof arts; germmaniyile hoxchool phur gestaltang offenback; koriyayile siyolile honkic yooniversitti; mumbaiyile indian instittyoott oof teknolaji; jappaanile tokkiyoyile musashino art yooniversitti; naashanal taiwan yooniversitti oof sayans aandu teknolaji; finkinkilaandile helsile art aandu design yooniversitti; ennivayum athilereyum. erganomics, maarkkatting, cognitive enchiniyaring thudangiya mattu vishayangalilum ithu vyaapichittund.
design sidhaantham, design charithram, korpparettu straattaji, deseeya design nayam, design sayans padanangal, pankaalittha design, interaakshan design, human-computer interaakshan, cybernetics ennivayekkurichulla avalokanangal ezhuthukaarkku kandethanakum.
"dhii semantic teenn" japanese bhaashayilekku vivarthanam cheyyappedukayum nilavil jarmman bhaashayilekku vivarthanam cheyyappedukayum cheiyunnu.