
bhaagikamaayi oordar cheytha idam

ganithashaasthrathil, bhaagikamaayi krameekarichirikkunna idam (allengil pospace) oru clossed paarshyal oordar formula _ 2, i ulla oru topological space formula _ 1 aanu.iii. graph formula _ 3 formula _ 4-nte adacha upavibhagamaaya oru bhagika kramam.
sthaanangalil ninnu, oraalkk dimappukale nirvachikkaam, i.iii. oordar bandham samrakshikkunna sthaanangal thammilulla thudarchayaaya bhoopadangal.
thulyatha.
bhagika krama soothravaakyam _ 2 ulla oru topological space formula _ 1 nuu, inipparayunnava thulyamaanu
motham kramavum oru bhagika kramamayathinaal oordar topology eee nirvachanatthinte oru prathyeka kesaanu.
swathukkal.
oro sthaanavum oru hosdorff sthalamaanu. samathwa soothravaakyam _ 22 bhagika kramamaayi edukkukayaanengil, eee nirvachanam oru hosdorff spacinte nirvachanamaayi maarunnu.
graph adanjirikkunnathinaal, formula _ 23 umm formula _ 24 umm yathaakramam "x", "y" ennivayilekku othucherunna valakalaanenkil, ellah formulakalkkum formula _ 25, formula _ 27.

