
genois cross bomen

republic oof genova prathirodhikkunnathinum mattu itaaliyan allengil europian shakthikalude koolippadayaayi pravartthikkunnathinum madhyakaalakhattatthile oru prashastha sainika vibhagamaayirunnu genois crossbomen (γενοεις ροσβον).
crossbo upayogichu aayudhadhaarikalaaya avar karayilum naavika yudhangalilum poraadi; meloria, kursola yudhangalaanu randaamathethinte sradheyamaaya sambhavangal.
amgathvam.
genois crossbowmainile amgangalkku genovayil pariseelanam nalkukayum samghadippikkukayum cheythuvenkilum liguriayude mattu bhaagangalil ninnum vannavaraan. montferrattinte mattu pradeshangalil ninnum pavia, piyasensa, parma, corsica ennivayulppede poow samathalathile chila pattanangalil ninnum avar vannuvenkilum genovayilaanu roopeekarikkukayum samghadippikkukayum cheythath. kambanikalude commandermar saadhaaranayaayi kambaniyil ninnaan varunnath.
upakaranangal.
balistraay korppareshan genovayil nirmmicha crossbo aayirunnu genois crossbomenninte pradhana aayudangal. koodaathe, koolippadayaalikalkk oru kataara, oru ilam loha helmet, oru gorjatt, oru houberk, crossbo veendum looad cheyyumbol upayogichirunna "pavs" (pavaays) ennu vilikkunna oru valia paricha ennivayum undaayirunnu. saadhaarana teamil oru cross boman rund asisttantumaarum undaayirunnu, oraal pavisine pinthunaykkukayum matoraal randaamathe villu neettaan utharavaadiyaakukayum angane theeyude nirakk erattiyaakkukayum cheythu.
charithram.
aadya kurishuyudhathil, genois commander guglielmo embriaco jerusalem uparodhathinidayilum 1192-ll moonnaam kurishuyudhathil veendum jaafa yudhathilum eee sainyathe upayogichappol genois cross bomen praadhaanyam nedi. europil black poudar aayudangal avatharippichathinusheshavum pathinaram noottaand vare genois cross bomen ettavum aadaraneeyamaaya sainika korppukalil onnaayi thudarnnu. 
genois crossboves srishticha kanatha nashtam madhyakala chakravartthimaare kadutha nadapadikalilekku nayichu. frederic randaaman chakravarty, oru genois saali prakopippicha parma uparodhathile paraajayathinu sesham, thadavilakkappetta krosbovmanmaarude viralukal murikkan utharavittu.
1346 augustil nadanna craisy yudhathil, oottan doriyayudeyum carlo grimaldiyudeyum neethrthwathil 5,000-thiladhikam genois crossbomenmaare engleeshukaarkkethiraaya aadya variyil franchukaar niyamichu. nirbhagyavashaal, kresiyilekkulla franch munnettatthinte drutha swabhaavam ardhamaakkunnathu pavalikalum adhika vedikkoppukalum adangiya vaaganukal avasheshikkukayum chrosbomanmark avarude saadhaarana surakshithamaaya teamukalil vinyasikkaan kazhiyaathe varikayum cheythu. vaikunneram 4 maniyode pettennundaaya oru mazhakkaatt. engleesh long bomanmar avarude boow stringukal neekkam cheyyukayum avaa varandathaayi nilanirthaan avarude jalathe prathirodhikkunna thukal thoppikalkk keezhil sookshikkukayum cheythu. maruvashathu, upakaranangalillathe crossbose muricano punasthaapikkaano kazhiyilla. angane mazhayil nananjathode crosbovukalude charadukal neettiyirunnu. ekadesham oru manikkoorin sesham, inplace cheythathum prathirodhikkunnathumaaya engleeshukaarkkethiraaya prarambha aakramanathil mazhayil kuthirthathum ippol neettiyathumaaya crossbo stringukal upayogichappol, crossboves valia thothil upayogashoonyamaayi. saadhaarana pavalukal surakshithamallaatha genois crossbomanmar engleesh longbomaanmaaril ninnu kanatha vedivayppinu vidheyamaayappol, genois commander oottoon doria thante sainyathodu pinmaran utharavittu. chaals randaamante neethrthwathil franch naitts, genois crosbovementinu pinnilulla alensoninte kaundu ithu bheeruthvamaayi kaanukayum avar pinvaangumbol avare vettikkuraykkukayum cheythu. avarude commander ulppede cross bovmanmaaril bhooribhaagavum kollappettu. valare kurachu sainikare maathram nashtappetta engleeshukaar franch purushanmarkkum genois crosbovementinum ethire deerghadoora shoottingiloode deerghadoora shoottingiloode yudhathil anaayasam vijayichu.