
sisalpain club

sisalpinisathe prolsaahippikkunnathi 1790-kalil englandil roopeekaricha roman catholica saadhaaranakkaarude oru samghadanayaayirunnu sisalpin club, catholica vimochanathinte purogathiye chuttipattiyulla pothu samvaadathil ithu oru punk vahichu.
avalokanam.
sisalpinisathinte thathwangal roman katholikkarkkidayil ithuvare undaayirunna parambaraagatha manobhaavathinethiraaya prathikaranatthe prathinidheekarikkunnu, ithu 1766 januvariyil "pazhaya nadi" jaims francis edward stuvarttinte maranasamayathu aarambhichathayi thonnunnu. athuvare avar jacobiteukalaayirunnu, avarude vishwaasathinte punarujjeevanathinulla eaka avasaramaayi stuvarttukale punasthaapikkunnathine avar nokkikkaanunnu. ennirunnaalum, eee samayathaan, "oru kaaranavum nalkaan kazhiyaatha eaka viplavangalilonnu" ennu joseph berrington visheshippichathiloode avar avarude muun rashtreeya abhilaashangal upekshikkukayum hannover bharikkunna bhavanathe amgeekarikkukayum cheythath.
1766 januvari muthal marpappa jayimsinte anantharaavakaashiyaaya chaalsine oru paramadhikaariyaayi amgeekarichilla ennathaayirunnu oru kaaranam, ithu catholica prasthaanatthe jacobite prasthaanatthil ninnu vichedichu. eee prathikaranatthinte oru bhagam avarude sabhaa bharanaadhikaarikalude jnjaanathekkurichulla samshayamaayirunnu, avarkk bodhyamaayi, munkaalangalil engleesh deseeya abhilaashangalkk virudhamaaya anaavasyamaaya karsanamaaya manobhaavam sweekarichu, athu (avar vaadichu) romile rajasabha nirddeshichathaanu. midland jillayile vikar apostholikanaaya bishop joonn talbot stonar, hanovarian rajavaazhcha sweekarikkaan katholikkare prerippikkaan valareyadhikam cheythu.
catholica samiti.
jaims onnaaman raajaavinte bharanathinte vishwasthathayude prathijnjayilekku avar thirichupoyi, athu sweekarikkaan avar sannadharaanennu avar prakhyaapichu, athesamayam chilar aadhipathyathinte prathinjaye roman catholica vishwaasavumaayi poruthappedaattha ardhathil vyaakhyaanikkaamennu polum vaadichu. catholica vimochanathinaayulla pooraattatthil catholica kammittiye (1782-92) prachodippicha thathwangalaaniva. shikshaaniyamangalkk keezhil munkaalangalil valareyadhikam kashtappaadukal anubhavichirunna pazhaya pinmariya kudumbangalile amgangalaaya loard peettar, sarr joonn throckmorten ennivaraayirunnu rund pradhana nethaakkal. kammittiyude sekrattariyaayi pravarthicha abhibhashakanaaya chaals butlerude sajeeva sahayam avarkk undaayirunnu. akkaalat mathathe praayogikamaayi pinthunaykkunna catholica prabhukkanmaarude valia ennam (ellaavarum allengilum) avarodu anubhavam prakadippikkukayum, parishkkaricha alavil, chila purohithanmaarodum, prathyekichu landanile chila purohithanmaarodum anukamba kaanikkukayum cheythu. chaals berrington enna oru bishop pithaav joseph wilks oo.ezz.bii.samithiyile amgamaayirunna addeham avare pinthunaykkaan valareyadhikam shramichu. 1781 muthal 1790 vare lunden jillayile vikaari aposthalanaaya doow. jaims talbot thante peru cherkkaan anuvadikkukayum avare athirkkunnathil oru balaheenata kaanikkukayum cheythu, ithu addehathinte maranasayyayil khedikkukayum thante pingamiyaaya doow. daglasinte (1790-1812) chumatala budhimuttaakkukayum cheythu.
1788-nte avasaanathode, loard stanhop enna engleesh vamshajan, kammittiye sahayikkaan aagrahikkukayum avarude ultramontan thathwangal, prathyekichu maarppaappayude adhikaarathe apakeerthippeduthunnathu avarude amgeekritha vishwaasam, avarude vazhiyile pradhana thadassangalaanennu vishwasikkukayum cheythu, iva alakkaatha bhashayil nishedhikkunna oru "prathishedham" konduvannu. kammitti prathishedham amgeekarikkukayum adutha varsham aadyam ellah catholicarode athil oppidaan aavasyappedukayum cheythu. oppuvekkaan bishappukale prerippichathu kurachu budhimuttode maathramaanennu buttler sammathikkunnu; pakshe avar sammathichu. rund bishappukal pinneedu avarude oppukal pinvalikkukayum oppuvachavaril oralaaya milner kammittiye athirkkunnathil sajeevamaayi pankedukkukayum cheythu.
aashvaasam.
avarude adhvaanathinte phalam 1791leeii roman catholica durithaashwaasa niyamamaayirunnu. aadya karadil 1789leeii prathishedhathe adisthaanamaakki "prakhyapanam, prathishedham, vishwasthatha ennivayude prathinjja" undaayirunnu, pakshe athu athilum valia alavilekku pooyi. 1789lum 1791lum chaals walmesleyude neethrthwathilulla bishappukal eee sathyaprathinjaye theerchayaayum apalapichu. paarlamentiloode pasakia samayat moorchayulla samgharshathinu sesham ithu billil ninnu neekkam cheyyukayum 1774leeii airish sathyaprathinjaykku pakaram vaykkukayum cheythu. prathishedhatthinte thathwangal ulkkollunnathil niyamam parajayappettathinaal, sisalpain club enna peril iva nilanirthunnathinaayi oru puthiya samooham roopeekarikkappettu. catholica kammitti amgangalkku purame mattullavareyum clubble cheraan kshanichu. klabbinte prakhyapitha lakshyam "...engleesh katholikkarude swaathanthryathinethire poraadaan saadhyathayulla eathenkilum sabhaparamaaya edapedaline cherukkuka."apostolica vikarikalumaayi souhaarddaparamaaya bandhatthil klabinte paraajayatthil athrupthi prakadippicha chila pramukha amgangal verpirinj roman catholica club roopeekarichu.
amgasamkhya saadhaaranayaayi naalppat muthal ambathu vare aayirikkum. varshathil naalo ancho thavana avar kandumuttunnu, lunden seasonil, oro metinginum athaazhathinu munbaayirunnu. 1795-nte avasaanabhaagathe oru yogathil, oru pannikalude thalayil kidakkaan secretory adhikaarappeduthukayallaathe mattoru kaaryavum minittukalil nadannilla.
thudakkathil avar catholica kaaryangalil sajeevamaayi pankedutthu, ennirunnaalum eathenkilum praathinidhya swabhaavam sthiramaayi nishedhikkunnu. palavidhatthil avar catholica thalpparyangal samrakshikkunnathil vijayichu, avarude swaadheenathaal ooskoottil oru school sthaapikkappettu, pradhaanaadhyaapika bishop niyamicha oru purohithanaayirunnuvenki saadhaaranakkaarude oru bharanasamithi ithu nirddeshichu. ennirunnaalum, kurachu varshangalkk sesham, sisalpain club sajeevamaaya jolikalonnum cheiyunnathu avasanippikkukayum oru daining klabbai vikasikkukayum cheythu. amgathvam vardhichathode avarude sisalpain thathwangal kuranjathaayi thonnunnu. catholica kaaryangalil enthengilum swaadheenam cheluthunna oru samghadanayude pravartthanam taamasiyaathe avasaanippichu.
thudakkathil bishappukal swaabhaavikamaayum ithine samshayaaspadamaayi kandirunnuvenkilum athinte amgangal palappozhum catholica jeevakaarunya pravartthanangalude mukhya pinthunakkaaraayirunnu. 1796 maarchil nadanna oru yogathil landanile niralambaraaya franch kudiyettakkaarkkaayi oru shekharam charcha cheythu. 1801 meyy maasathil oru prameyam pasakia "klabbinte yogathinte saadhaarana divasam upavaasa divasamaayirikkumbozhellam, adutha chovvazhcha klabbinte yogathinaayi sekrattari niyamikkanamenn utharavittu."1808ll oru prathyeka vyakthiye ozhivakkunnathinaayi oru amgathe purathaakkaanulla vyavasthayillaathathinaal amgangalellaam avarude perukal amgathvathil ninnu pinvalikkaanum pinneedu puthuthayi roopeekaricha groupaayi veendum yogam cheraanum sammathichu. ennirunnaalum, avar purathaakkunna vyakthi, taamasiyaathe pravarthanarahithamaaya samghadanayude eaka amgam enna nilayil, klabbinte swathukkalkku avakaashavaadam unnayichu, athil ippozhum nilavarayil avasheshikkunna veenjum ulppedunnu.
kaalam chellunthorum, avarude sisalpain pravanathakal kuranju, klabbinte peril maathram khedicha bishop vilyam pooyintarumaayi (1803-1826) avar nalla bandham pulartthi. danielle oo 'koonal amgathvathinaayi nirddeshikkappettirum 1829 meyy yogathil engleesh catholica associationode nissaramaaya oru sameepanam kaaranam blackball cheyyappettu. 1829-leeii roman catholica durithaashwaasa niyamam pasakia udan thanne amgangal 1830-ll oru puthiya klabbai svayam punarnirmmikkukayum athine avar "vimochana club" ennu vilikkukayum oduvil pirichuvidunnathinu munbu pathinezh varsham koodi thudarukayum cheythu.

