
norwayile joothanmaarude charithram

norwayile joothanmaarude charithram 1400kalilaanu. madhyakaalakhattathil norwayil praveshicha jootha vyaapaarikalum naavikarum mattullavarum undakaan saadhyathayund, ennaal oru jootha samooham sthaapikkaan oru shramavum nadannilla. aadhunika kaalaghattatthinte thudakkathil, karutha maranathaal ippozhum thakarnnupoya norway 1536 muthal 1814 vareyum thudarnnu 1905 vare sweeden bharichu. 1687-ll, kristhyan vii ellah jootha padavikalum raddaki, prathyekichu joothanmaare norwayil ninnu vilakki, oru prathyeka vitharanathodozhike. eee rajyath kandethiya joothanmaare jayililadaykkukayum puratthaakkukayum cheythu, eee nirodhanam 1851 vare thudarnnu.
1814-ll, denmarkil ninnu norway swaathanthryam nediyappol, juthanmaarkku raajyathekku praveshikkunnathinulla pothu nirodhanam puthiya norwegian bharanaghadanayil "thudarnnu". sephardimmine nirodhanathil ninnu ozhivaakkiyirunnuvenkilum kurachu perr maathrame swathanthramaaya oru yaathraaniyamathinaayi apekshichirunnulloo. kavi henrique vergland, raashtreeyakkaaranaaya pedder jenson fouchald, school principal hans holmbo, mattullavar ennivarude ashranta parisramangalkku sesham 1851-ll norwegian paarlament (storttist) joothanmaarkkethiraaya nirodhanam pinvalikkukayum avarkk kristhyan viyojippukalkk thulyamaaya mathaparamaya avakashangal nalkukayum cheythu.
1892ll ooslooyilaanu norwayile aadyathe jootha samooham sthaapithamaayathu. randaam lokamahaayudham vare eee samooham pathukke valarnnu. 1930kalude avasaanathil abhayaarthikalaal shakthippeduthappetta ithu ekadesham 2,100 aayi uyarnnu. norwegian jootha samoohathinte ganyamaaya oru bhagam naasi jarmmani kolappeduthiya holocoastil janasamkhya nasippikkappettu. norwayile ettavum cheria vamseeya, matha nyoonapakshangalilonnaanu juthanmaar.
madhyakaalakhattam.
norse saahithyathil joothanmarekkurichu aadyamaayi paraamarshikkunnath pathimoonnaam noottaandil aislaandile posttola sogaril kaanapedunnu, avide avare kooduthal pothu purajatheeyarkkoppam paraamarsikkunnu. akkaalathe saahityam joothanmaare laattin roopathil allengil ennu paraamarsikkunnu. geedinga saaga (joothanmaarude katha) polulla thudarnnulla saahitya islaantik kathakalilum joothanmaare prathikoolamaayi paraamarshichittundu.
ennirunnaalum, rajyath joothanmaarude saannidhyathin thelivukalonnumilla enna lalithamaaya kaaranathaal madhyakaalakhattathil norwayile yahoodavirudhathaye tharkkikkunna srothassukalundu. udaaharanathinu, mattu praadhamika dattakalkkoppam niyamaparamaaya kesukal, karaarukal, niyamaparamaaya kesukal thudangiya samakaalika rekhakalekkurichulla samagramaya padanatthil joothanmaareyo norwayile oru jootha samoohatheyo paraamarshichittilla. sabhaa rekhakalil paraamarshichirikkunnava parokshamaayavayaanennum eee paraamarshangal orupakshe kristhyaaniyallaatha perumaattatthinte pratheekangalaanennum ardhathil "vertual juthanmaar" aayi kanakkaakkaamenn pandithanmaar udharichu.
parishkaranavum prabudhathayum.
1436-lum veendum 1438-lum aarch bishop aslack boult shaniyazhcha oru vishrama dinam aaghoshikkunnathu nirodhichu, kristhyaanikal "joothanmaarude reethi" aavarthikkaathirikkukayum nayatantra norvejikam ulppede thudarnnulla niravadhi oordinansukaliloode eee nirodhanam shakthippeduthukayum cheythu.
norway pradeshathe joothanmaarude aadyathe ariyappedunna kudiyettam oru rajakeeya vitharanathe adisthaanamaakkiyullathaayinu. 1492ll speyinil ninnum 1497ll portugalil ninnum purathaakkappetta sephardom, spanish, porchugees joothanmaarude sveekaaryathayumaayi bandhappettaan pothu rekhakalil joothanmarekkurichu aadyamaayi paraamarshikkappedunnathu. avaril chilarkk norwayil praveshikkaan prathyeka anumathi nalkiyirunnu.
1536 muthal 1814 vare norway danish saamraajyathinte bhaagamaayirunnappol, denmark pothuve protestant parishkaranavum prathyekichu joothanmaarkkethire uyarthippidikkunnathini niravadhi mathaparamaya niyanthranangal earppeduthi. 1569-ll, denmarkile ellah videshikalum lutheranisathinte kendramaaya 25 vishwaasa anuchedangalodulla prathibaddhatha urappikkanamenn frederic randaaman utharavittu, naadukadatthalinte vedana, ellah swathukkalum pidichedukkal, maranam ennivayil.
pathinezhaam noottaandil oru koottam porchugees joothanmaare norwayil sthirathaamasamaakkaan anuvadichappol prasidheekaricha rekhakalil joothanmarekkurichu nerittulla paramarsham rekhappeduthiyittundu. kristhyan naalaaman nagaram etteduthappol altonayil vyaapaarikalaayi ithinakam sthaapithamaaya sephardic joothanmaarkkulla niyanthranangal neekki. 1619ll kristhyan oru juthanu (albert dionys) surakshithamaaya yaathrayude aadya kathu nalkukayum 1630 juun 19nuu raajyathudaneelam swathanthramaayi yaatra cheyyaanulla avakasham ulppede glukkstaadil sthiramaayi thamasikkunna ellah joothanmaarkkum pothumaapp nalkukayum cheythu.
eee saahacharyathil, yahoodavirudhathayude nilanilpp nissaaramaayi kanakkakkaam, kaaranam parambaraagatha jootha munvidhikal palappozhum oru prathyeka europian samoohathinte saambathika, rashtreeya, saamoohika mekhalakale juthanmaar niyanthrichuvenna daaranayilaanu.
adutha noorukanakkinu varshangalil joothanmaarodulla pothu nayam vyathyasthamaayirunnu. oru vashath denmark-norwayude sambadvyavasthaykku nettamundaakkunna jootha vyaapaarikaleyum nikshepakareyum bankermar rajaakkanmaar pothuve sahichu, athesamayam avarude chalanangalum thaamasavum pothujeevithatthile saannidhyavum niyantrikkaan shramichu. niravadhi juthanmaarkku, prathyekichu sephardic teaxaira kudumbatthil ninnullavarkkum, chila ashkenazi vamshajarkkum denmarkileyum norwayileyum sthalangal sandarshikkunnathinulla kathukal nalkiyengilum, sephardiminu anuvadicha elavu avakashappettappozhum, avarude saannidhyathinethiraaya pothu nirodhanam lamghichathinu joothanmaare arast cheyyukayum thadavilaakkukayum pizha chumathukayum naadukadatthukayum cheytha niravadhi sambhavangalum undaayi. denmark-norwayile kristhyan naalaaman juthanmaarkku raajyathinullil yaatra cheyyaanulla parimithamaaya avakashangal nalkukayum 1641-ll ashkenazi juthanmaarkku thulya avakashangal nalkukayum cheythu. 1687ll kristhyan vii eee aanukoolyangal raddaki, prathyeka vitharanam nalkiyillengil norwayil ninnulla joothanmaare prathyekamaayi nirodhichu. eee rajyath kandethiya joothanmaare jayililadaykkukayum puratthaakkukayum cheythu, eee nirodhanam 1851 vare thudarnnu.
europian prabudhatha denmark-norwayile joothanmaarkkulla niyanthranangal mithamaayi laghookarikkaan kaaranamaayi, prathyekichu denmaarkkinte thekkan pradeshangalilum nagarangalilum. kristhumathathilekku parivartthanam cheytha chila jootha kudumbangal norwayil sthirathaamasamaakki. akkaalathe ezhuthukaar joothanmaarodulla thaalparyam vardhippichu, ludevig holberg ulppede, thante mikka naadakangalilum joothanmaare haasya vyakthikalayi kanakkaakkukayum 1742-ll "lokathinte thudakkam muthal jootha charithram innuvare thudarnnu" ennu ezhuthukayum joothanmaare parambaraagathavum prathikoolavumaaya steeriodaippukalil oru paridhivare avatharippikkukayum europile joothanmaarodulla mosham perumaattathekkurichu chodyam uyarthukayum cheythu.
thathfalamaayi, jnjaanathinte samayat joothanmaarkkethiraaya steeriyodaippukal pothujanangalude avabodhathilekku praveshikkaan thudangiyappol, chilarkkethire uyarnnuvannavarum undaayirunnu, ellaavarkkumallenkilum, adisthaana shathruthayekkurich. norwegian munvidhikalkkethire ezhuthiyavaril oraalaayirunnu lutheran mantri neels hertsberg, aathyanthikamayi joothanmaare norwayil sthirathaamasamaakkaan anuvadikkunnathinulla bharanaghadanaa bhedagathiyil pilkkala vottukale swaadheenichu.
bharanaghadanaaparamaaya nirodhanam.
1687 muthal norwayil jootha saannidhyathin samboornna nirodhanam undaayirunnu, oru prathyeka vitharanathodeyallaathe, rajyath kandethiya joothanmaare jayililadaykkukayum puratthaakkukayum cheythu. 1814leeii keel udambadiyil denmark nalkia elavukal norwegian swaathanthryam anuvadikkum enna hraswakaala pratheekshakalude adisthaanathil, 1814 leeii vasanthakaalath eedswolil oru bharanaghadanaa assembly vilichucherthu. kurachu maasangalkk munbu denmark joothanmaarkkulla ellah niyanthranangalum poornnamaayum neekkiyirunnuvenkilum, norwegian assembly, kurachu charchakalkku sesham, marichaayi pooyi, lutheranisathe audyogika samsthaana mathamakki mattunna khandathinte bhaagamaayi joothanmaare eee raajyathil ninnu ozhivaakkunnath thudarendathaayirunnu, ennirunnaalum pothuvaaya niyamamaayi mathatthinte swathanthramaaya prayogam. joothanmaarkkum jesuitukalkkum raajyathekku praveshikkunnathinethire nirodhanam. sephardimmine nirodhanathil ninnu ozhivaakkiyirunnuvenkilum kurachu perr maathrame swathanthramaaya oru yaathraaniyamathinaayi apekshichirunnulloo. 1844 november 4 nuu norwegian neethinyaaya mantraalayam prakhyaapichu..porchugees juthanmaar ennu vilikkappedunnavarkku, bharanaghadanayude §2 pariganikkathe, eee rajyath thamasikkaan arhathayundennu anumaanikkappedunnu, athu [nammude] arivil, ithuvare anumaanikkappettathaan."
kanvenshan aarambhikkunnathin munbu niravadhi framermar joothanmarekkurichu kaazhchappaadukal roopappeduthiyirunnu, avaril lorits weideman ezhuthi, "eee janatha ellaayppozhum vimathan vanchakanumaanennu jootha raashtrathinte charithram theliyikkunnu, avarude mathaparamaya padippikkalukal, oru rashtramenna nilayil veendum uyarnnuvaraanulla prateeksha, palappozhum avar sradheyamaaya chila bhagyam nedukayum avare goodaalochanakalilekkum oru samsthaanathinullil oru raashtram srishtikkunnathilekkum nayikkukayum cheythu. samsthaanathinte surakshaykk avayil ninnu oru samboornna apavaadam undaakkendath valare pradhaanamaan."
thudarchayaaya nirodhanathe pinthunachavar daivashaasthraparamaaya munvidhikal ulppede niravadhi kaaranangalal angane cheythu. kristhyaanikalumaayi sathyasandhamaayi perumaarunnath joothamathavumaayi poruthappedillennu nikkolaay vergland jorg swerdrup karuthi, "jootha vishwaasamulla oru vyakthikkum norwayude athirthikkullil varaan kazhiyilla, valare kurachu aalukal avide thaamasikkunnu."peettar motsfeld nirodhanathe pinthunachu, pakshe alpam vyathyasthamaaya adisthaanathil jootha swathuam poornna pourathvam anuvadikkaan kazhiyaathathra shakthamaayirunnu. hans kristhyan ulric middlefart polulla mattu pramukha framermar joothanmaare prathirodhikkunnathil "manoharamaayi" samsaarichu, koodaathe johann casper herman vedel-jalsberg eee nirddeshathinte pinnokkavastha kooduthal nishabdamaaya padangalil prakadippichu.
vishayam votteduppilekku konduvannappol joothanmaarude praveshanathe ethirthavar nirnnaayakamaayi vijayichu, bharanaghadanayude randaamathe khandika iprakaaramaayirunnu
ithu ekadesham 1813 muthal niyamaparamaaya sthithigathikal phalapradamaayi nilanirtthiyenkilum pathonpathaam noottaandinte thudakkathil niyamangalum utharavukalum juthanmaarkku kooduthal parimithamaaya swaathanthryangalalla, marichu kooduthal swaathanthryam nalkunna denmarkileyum sweedenileyum pravanathakalumaayi norway shakthamayi ethirthu.
athesamayam, kristhumathathilekku parivartthanam cheyyappetta oru cheria vibhaagam juthanmaar norwayil sthirathaamasamaakkukayum avaril chilar praadhaanyathilekku uyarukayum cheythu. avayil ludwig maribo, edward isak hambro, heinrich glogau enniva ulppedunnu. 1817-ll, joothanmaarkkethiraaya nirodhanatthinte vakthaakkalil oralaaya kristhyan magnus faalsane nirodhanatthinte ardhathekkurichu bharanaghadanaa asambliyil glogau velluvilichirunnu, thante paarambaryatthe makkalumaayi bandhappeduthumbol thante poorvvikarodo janmanaadukalodo lajjikkanamo ennu chodichu. judaism "athu avakaashappedaatha vyakthiyodu parihasavum avahelanavum allathe mattonnum vahikkunnilla" ennu vaadichukondu falson prathikarichu...[avane sweekarikkunna ellah rajyangaleyum] nasippikkendathu oro joothanteyum kadamayayi maattunnu."
vaasthavathil, norwayil kandethiya niravadhi juthanmaarkku pizha chumathukayum naadukadatthukayum cheythu. 1817ll englandilekku pookunna oru kappal norwayude padinjaaran theerathu thakarnnu veenu, theerathu ozhukippoyavaril oraalaayirunnu poolish joothanaaya maikkal jonas. kanatha kaavalil addehathe raajyathin puratthekku kondupoyi. eee kadinamaaya sameepanam paribhranthi srishtikkukayum naadukadatthalinte chelavu vyakthiparamayi vahikkaan berganile police medhaaviyod utharavidukayum cheythu. snapana certificat hajarakkan kazhiyathathaayi samshayikkunna joothanmaarkkethire naadukadatthal nadapadikalum undaayirunnu, avaril gaayakan kaal friedrich copello (mayer marcus koppal ennu vilikkunnu), optishyanmaraaya martin bluemenback, henry lia, moorits lichenheim ennivarum ulppedunnu.
raddaakkukayum prarambha kudiyettam nadathukayum cheyyuka.
aakasmikamaayo nalla vishwaasathilo norwayil vanna joothanmaare naadukadatthunnathu norveejiyakkarkkidayil chila naanakkedundaakki. 1836-ll kavi andreas manchu aanu aadyam radhaakkaan vaadichathu. ennaal norwayile joothanmaarude munnira chaambyanaayi maariyath henrique verjlaantaayirunnu.
patthaam paarlamentari sammelanam, 1842.
joothanmaare raajyathekku praveshippikkunnathil ettavum shakthamayi ethirtha bharanaghadanaa asambliyile amgangaliloraalaaya nikkolaay verglandinte makanaayirunnu henrique vergland. cheruppakkaaraaya verjlaant valarekkaalamaayi joothanmaarkkethire munvidhikal pulartthiyirunnuvenkilum europile yathrakal addehathinte manass maattimarichu. 1841 august 26nuu addeham "indlage aii jodesjen" enna laghulekha prasidheekarichu, eee khandika raddaakkanamennu aaveshathode vaadichu. 1842 februvari 19nuu norwegian paarlamentil vishayam vottinittu pasakkanulla addehathinte sramangal vijayikkukayum eee nirddesham bharanaghadanaa samithikk kaimarukayum cheythu. 1842 septambar 9nuu, raddaakkaanulla prameyam 51 muthal 43 vare lalithamaaya bhooripaksham nedi, pakshe, oru suuppar bhooripakshathil (moonnil rund) parajayappettu.
1842 october 26 nuu verjlaant thante "jodesjen aii dettu norske storthing" ("norwegian paarlamentile juthaprashnam") enna pusthakam prasidheekarichu, ithu akkaalathe paarlamentinte pravarthanangalekkurichu rasakaramaaya ulkkazhchakal nalkunnu.
1845, 1848, 1851 ennee varshangalile paarlamentari sammelanangal.
aadya radhaakkal paraajayappettuvenn athe divasam thanne vergland paarlamentil oru puthiya nirddesham samarppichirunnu. 1845 juulai 12nuu addeham antharichu. addehathinte maranathinu krithyam oru maasam kazhinju august 12nuu bharanaghadanaa samiti avarude shupaarsha radhaakkaan shupaarsha cheythu. niravadhi pathippukal votteduppinu vidheyamaakki, ennaal ettavum janapriyamaaya pathippin radhaakkaan 52 vottukal labhichu, 47 maathram nilanirthaan; avasaanathe vottinekkaal moshamaayirunnu.
1848ll, raddaakkaanulla prameyam 59 muthal 43 vare vottukal nedi, ippozhum aavashyamaaya moonnil rund vottinekkaal kuravaayirunnu. 1851-ll, oduvil, 10 nethire 93 vottukalkku closs raddaki. septambar 10-nuu, nirodhanavumaayi bandhapetta bakkiyulla ellah niyamanirmmanangalum "lavu oom offevels aff dettu hiddle bestende bobud mottu attu joder indfinde sig aii rigatt emm" pasaki.vii."(eee mekhalayile joothanmaarkkethiraaya ithuvare nilaninnirunna sthiramaaya nirodhanam raddaakkunnathu sambandhicha niyamam.")
irupathaam noottaandinte thudakkathil maadyamangal, pothujanabhipraayam, nayam.
raddaakkiyathinethudarnnu norwayil jootha kudiyettam amithamaakumenna bhayam undaayirunnittum, 1870 nuu munbu 25 oolam juthanmaar maathramaan norwayilekku kudiyeriyathu. ennirunnaalum, saarist russiayile vamshahathya kaaranam, 19-aamm noottaandinte avasaanathilum 20-aamm noottaandinte thudakkathilum kudiyettam oru paridhivare thwarithappeduthi. 1910 aayappozhekkum norwayil ekadesham 1,000 juthanmaar undaayirunnu.
nyoonapakshangal cheruthum vyaapakamaayi chitharikkidakkunnathumaayinnu, ennaal joothanmaarude niravadhi steeriyodaippukal irupathaam noottaandinte thudakkathil norwegian pathrangalilum janapriya saahithyathilum prachaaratthilundaayirunnu. vyaapakamaayi vaayikkappedunna ezhuthukaaraaya rudolph myoosinteyum ovar rictor frichinteyum pusthakangalil joothanmaare parasamgikalum panathodulla abhiniveshavum ullavarayi visheshippikkunnu. attorni ivind saxland 1910-ll "joder oog gojim" ("juthanmaarum goimum") enna laghulekha prasidheekarichu, ithu 1922-ll "dagbladet" enna kruthiyile oru ezhuthukaaran "yahoodavirudha smutt saahityam" ennu visheshippichu. saxland apakeerthippeduthiyathiyum parajayappettathinum cases phayal cheythenkilum "nammude vamshayudham" nadathiyathinu saxlandine prashamsicha "neshanan" enna pathratthinte prashamsa nedi."1920-ll, seonile mooppanmaarude protocolukal norwayil" "denne naii verdenskiser" "(" "puthiya loka chakravarty" ") enna peril prasidheekarichu".
1916-ll norwegian ezhuthukaaranaaya mikhaal silton naashanal tidscrift enna peril oru yahoodavirudha aanukaalikam prasidheekarichu. adolph hitlar ennayaalkku niravadhi varshangalkk munbu 1917ll addeham swasthikaye athinte chihnamaayi upayogikkaan thudangi. eee aanukaalikam vamseeya swabhaavamullathum yahoodavirudha goodaalochana sidhaanthangal prasidheekarichathum aayirunnu. lokathileyum ivideyum sambhavangalumayi joothanmaarude yadhaartha bandhangalekkurichu aazhathil padikkunna eaka norwegian jenal" ennaanu eee aanukaalikam svayam prakhyaapichathu. 1925 muthal "hoose huu inn dhaa juish waled" enna attaashe naalu pathippukal achadichu. eee laghulekhayil norwayile joothanmaarudeyum anumaanikkappedunna joothanmaarudeyum pattika undaayirunnu, athu thozhil anusarichu krameekarichirunnu. veettammamareyum kuttikaleyum "vyathyastha thozhilukal" enna peril pattikapedutthi. randaam lokamahaayudhathinushesham norwayile niyamaparamaaya shudheekaranathil jarmman adhiniveshakaalathu naasikalumayulla sahakaranathin siltane vichaarana cheythu.
shechita vivaadam.
aachaaraparamaaya aravucheyyunna jootha sambradaayamaaya "shechita" yude niyamasaadhuthayekkurichulla vivaadathil joothanmaarkkethiraaya munvidhikal oru kendrabinduvaayi maari. 1890kalilaanu eee vishayam aadyam unnayichathenkilum 1913ll ooslooyil eee sanbradaayathinu mail munisippal earppeduthiya nirodhanam vishayam deseeya shradhayilppeduthi.
aadyakaala ethirppu.
shechita" nirodhikkanulla sramangal nalla uddeshyamulla maanushika samooha pravartthakare yahoodavirudha vyakthikalumaayi sakhyamundaakkunnu. prathyekichum, muthirnna police udyogasthanaaya jonas soar oru prathyeka thaalparyam kaanikkukayum oduvil onnaam lokamahaayudhasamayathu jootha abhayaarthikalude praveshanathe ethirkkumbol mrugasamrakshanathinaayulla norwegian federationte neethrthwathilekku uyarukayum cheythu. mrugangalude avakashangal arukkunna reethi mathramalla, samoohathe thanne akramikkunnathinulla oru maargamaayi upayogichu. 
nirodhanathe athirthavaril friedjoff nansen ulppedunnu, ennaal eee vishayathekkurichulla vibhajanam ellah mukhyadharaa paarttikalilum party athirukal marikadannu, kaarshika party (innu, kendra party) ozhike, athu "skeechitha" yeei ethirthu. 1890kalil, mrugangalodu krooramaayi perumaarunna shechita sanbradaayathinethire norwegian pathrangalil prathishedham uyarnnu. eee reethi maanushikamaanennu prasthaavichukondu jootha samooham eee ethirppukalodu prathikarichu.
1927 februvari 11nuu niyogikkappetta oru samiti niravadhi vidagtharumaayi koodiyaalochikkukayum copenhagenile oru aravushaala sandarshikkukayum cheythu. athinte bhooripaksham nirodhanathe anukoolikkukayum krishi vakuppilum paarlamentari kaarshika samithiyilum pinthuna nedukayum cheythu. nirodhanathe ethirthavar mathaparamaya sahishnuthayekkurich samsaarikkukayum mattu kashap reethikalekkaal "skichitha" manushyathvarahithamallennu kandethukayum cheythu. shechita" yethiraaya pala vaadangalum "" videsha "sheelangalude avishwaasathe" adisthaanamaakkiyullavanum "palappozhum yahooda virudha gadakangal adangiyirikkunnuvennum" ingwar swanberg ezhuthunnu. sii. jeey. mrugangalude avakashangal athishayokthiparamaayi samrakshikkappedumbol, athu saadhaaranayaayi manushyabaliyude sahaayathodeyaanu cheiyunnathu" ennu soochippikkunna antisemitic invectivil ettavum paribhraantharaayavaril oraalaayirunnu hambro.
1929leeii nirodhanam.
aadyam njettukayo thalarthappedukayo cheyyaatha mrugangale arukkunna reethi norwegian paarlament nirodhikkunnathuvare 1929 vare eee vivaadam thudarnnu. nirodhanam innum praabalyatthil undu.
norwegian niyamanirmmaanathil oru tharatthilulla mathaparamaya aravu nirodhikkappettathayi perittitilla. shechita" yumayi poruthappedaattha mathaparamaya achaarangal ozhike, arukkappedunnathinu munbu mrugangale njettippikkanamenn norwegian niyamam aavashyappedunnu. maruvashathu, norwegian islaamik kaunsil, arukkunna samayat mrugathinte hridayam ippozhum midikkunnundenkil, mayakka marunnu "halal" niyamangalumayi poruthappedunnuvennu kandethi. 
thudarnna charcha.
norwayile muun cheef rabbiyaya maikkal melchiyor, nirodhanatthinte oru kaaranam yahoodavirudhathayaanennu vaadichu "ithaanu eaka prachodanam ennu njaan parayilla, pakshe naasi jarmmani aadyam nirodhicha kaaryangalilonn kosher vadhamaayirunnu ennathu theerchayaayum yaadrishchikamalla. 1930 muthal shechita nirodhikkapetta norwayil eee vishayathekkurichulla yadhaartha charchayil oru paarlamenteriyan nerittu paranju, 'avarkk ithu ishtamallengil, avare mattevideyengilum thamasikkaan anuvadikkuka.'"
parambaraagatha "halal", kosher kashap reethikal anaavashya mrugangalude kashtappaadukalilekku nayikkunnu enna vaadathe shaasthreeya padanangal udharichu musleem, jootha samudaayangalude prathinidhikal ethirkkunnu. vettayaadal, timingala vettal, sealing enniva norwayude sveekaaryatha norwegian sthaanathinte kaapatyatthinte thelivaayi uyarthappettu. krishi mantri, sentar party larse pedder break (ellaayppozhum "shechita" nirasicha, mukalil kaanuka), thaarathamyam nirasichu.
shechita" prakaram arukkappedunna mrugangal arukkappettathin sesham "niravadhi minittukal" bodhavaanmaaraayirunnuvenna norwegian bhakshya suraksha athorittiyile udyogasthar ulppedeyulla nirodhanatthinte thudarchayaaya vakthaakkal avakashappettu, koodaathe joothamathathile mrugangalkku "dhaarmika padavi illa" ennu ezhuthukaaranum karshakan dhaarmikatha valicherinju... shudhamaaya vasthukkal... puraathanavum mathaparavumaya aavasyangal ", atharam vadham anuvadikkunnathil europian union" moolyangalillaatha oru baank maathramaayi "maariyirunno ennu athbhuthappettu.
nirodhanam marikadakkaan kosher maamsam raajyathekku irakkumathi cheyyendivannu. 2019 juunil kosher irachi irakkumathikkulla nirodhanam neettaan nirddeshikkappettu. eee nirddeshathe yahoodavirudhamennum visheshippichittundu.
holocoast.
1930 kalude avasaanathil polandile vaarsoyil niyamikkapetta oru norwegian nayathanthranjanaayirunnu neels kristhyan ditlef. 1939 leeii vasanthakaalath, checoslovakiayil ninnulla jootha abhayaarthikalkkaayi ditlef vaarsoyil oru traansit steshan sthaapichu, athu nansenjelpente sponsarshippiloode avidekku ayachirunnu. abhayaarthikalkku bhakshanam, vasthram, polandile gdiniyayilekkulla gathagatham enniva labhikkaan ditlef krameekarichu, avide avar norwayilekku pookunna kappalukalil kayari. naasi niyanthranatthilulla europile pradeshangalil ninnulla jootha abhayaarthikalkku norwayil surakshita abhayavum sahayavum nalkunnathinaayi 1936 ll oodu nansen sthaapicha oru norwegian maanushika samghadanayaanu nansenjelpen. norwayile sanketham hraswakaalam mathramaayirunnu.
1940 epril 9 nuu jarmmani norway pidichadakkukayum niravadhi norveejiyanmaare udan arast cheyyukayum rund maasathinu sesham adhinivesha seena berjan nagarathinu purathulla alvanil aadyathe thadavukaarkkulla camp sthaapikkukayum cheythu. kazhiyumaayirunna niravadhi juthanmaar raajyam vittu. "norwayile joothanmaaril moonnil rund bhaagavum norwayil ninnu palayanam cheythu. ivaril 900 oolam joothanmaare norwegian prathirodha prasthaanam raajyathin puratthekku kadathiyenkilum avaril bhooribhaagavum sweeden, chilar yunaittad kingdom ennividangalilekkum. naadukadatthal aarambhikkunnathin munbu 1942ll norwayil kuranjathu 2,173 joothanmaarengilum undaayirunnu. ivaril 1,643 perr norwegian pouranmaarum 240 perr videsha pouranmaarum 290 perr raajyamillaathavarumaayirunu. kuranjathu 765 juthanmaar jarmman kaikalil marichu; maricha norveejiyakkaaril pakuthiyiladhikam perum. naadukadatthappettavaril 28 num 34 num idayil maathrame kyaambukalile thudarchayaaya thadavu (naadukadathappettathinnethu) athijeevichittulloo, avaril 25 perr (ivaril) yudhathinu sesham norwayilekku madangi.
yudhasamayathu, krithyasamayathu rakshappedaatha joothanmaare arast cheyyaan sivilian norwegian police ("polittist") pala kesukalilum jarmman adhiniveshakkaare sahayichu. naasi jarmmani norway pidichadakkiya samayat kuranjathu 2,173 joothanmaarengilum norwayil undaayirunnu. holocoastil 758 norwegian joothanmaare naasikal kolappeduthiyathaayi rekhakal kaanikkunnu-kooduthalum ooshvitsil. koodaathe, kuranjathu 775 joothanmaare arast cheyyukayum thadankalil vaykkukayum/naadukadatthukayum cheythu. athijeevicha joothanmaaril bhooribhaagavum raajyam vittu palayanam cheythu, kooduthalum sweeden, ennaal chilar yunaittad kingdatthilekkum. sweedante bhaagathekku palayanam cheytha joothanmaare pala kesukalilum norwegian cheruthunilppu sahaayichirunnuvenkilum chilappol guideukalkk panam nalkendi vannu. avaril chilar norwayile campukalilo aashupathrikalilo oliviloo rakshapettu. norwayile ellah joothanmaareyum naadukadatthukayum kolappeduthukayum cheythu, jayililadaykkukayum, sweedante bhaagathekku palayanam cheyyukayum, 1942 november 27-oode olivilavukayum cheythu. yudhasamayathu palayanam cheytha joothanmaaril palarum madangiyethiyilla, 1946-ll norwayil 559 juthanmaar maathrame avasheshichirunnulloo. 1947num 1949num idayil, palayanam cheytha 500 perkku rajyath thamasikkaan norwegian sarkkar anumathi nalkiyengilum palarum pinneedu israel, canada, america ennividangalilekku pooyi. sweeden palayanam cheytha 800 oolam norwegian juthanmaar madangi. 1950kalude madhyathode, ekadesham 1,000 juthanmaar norwayil thaamasichirunnu, avaril 700 perr ooslooyilum 150 perr trontheimilum thaamasichirunnu.
naalppathiyonnu norveejiyanmaare raajyangalkkidayil neethimaanmaaraayum norwegian prathirodha prasthaanam koottaayum yaad washem amgeekarichittundu.
1990-kalle randaam lokamahaayudham punasthaapikkappettu.
1996 maarchil norwegian sarkkar randaam lokamahaayudhasamayathu jootha swathinu enthaanu sambhavichathenn sthaapikkaan oru samitiye niyamichu... yudhathinushesham pidicheduttha swathukkalum swathukkalum ethratholam punasthaapichuvennu nirnnayikkaanum."
1997 juunil samiti bhooripakshavum nyoonapakshavumaayi vibhajikkapetta oru vibhajicha report nalkki
1998 meyy 15 nuu norwayude pradhaanamantri kejel magne bontevic 450 dasalaksham kodi roopa nirddeshichu, ithu oru 'koottaaya', 'vyakthigatha' nashtapariharam ulkkollunnu. 1999 march 11nuu, 450 dasalaksham kodi roopayude nirddesham amgeekarikkaan storttist vottu cheythu. motham 250 dasalaksham kilometer varunna koottaaya bhaagathe moonnu bhagangalaayi vibhajichu
vyakthikalkkum avare athijeevichavarkkum nashtaparihaaramaayi paramavadhi 200,000 kodi roopa veetham motham 200 dasalaksham kodiyiladhikamallattha bhaagamaanenn kanakkaakkappettirunnu. 1999 november 31 aayappozhekkum, vyakthikal nashtaparihaarathinu apekshikkaanulla avasana theeyathiyaaya 980 perkku 200,000 kodi (± 26,000 us dollar) veetham labhichu, motham 196 dasalaksham kodi (± 25 dasalaksham us dollar).
ennirunnaalum, norwegian estettu niyamam marichavaril ninnu avan/avalkk anantharaavakaashikalkku kaimarunna anantharaavakaashathinu iruvarum thammilulla bandhathe aashrayich estettu nikuthi chumathunnu. anantharaavakaashathinte oro ghattathilum eee nikuthi koottivaykkappettu. jarmman thadankalppaalayangalil kollapetta juthanmaarkku marana certificattukal nalkiyittillaathathinaal marichavare kaanaathaayathaayi pattikapedutthi. avarude estettukal marana prakhyapanam nadakkaathe probettil sookshikkukayum bharanaparamaya chelavukalkku kuttappeduthukayum cheythu. athinaal, eee gadakangalellaam kandukettapetta swathukkalude moolyanirnnayathil swaadheenam cheluthumbozhekkum valare kurachu maathrame avasheshichirunnulloo. naasikal kandukettiya jootha swathinte prinsippalukalkkum anantharaavakaashikalkkum motham 7.8 laksham kodi roopa nalki. ithu sarkkar ejansikal probettinaayi eedaakkiya administrative physinekkaal kuravaayirunnu. norwegian ithara pouranmaarude sarkkar pidicheduttha swathukkalum niyamaparamaaya anantharaavakaashikal avasheshippikkaatha pouranmaarude swathukkalum ithil ulppedunnilla. holocoastinide 230 jootha kudumbangal muzhuvan kollappettathinal eee avasana vibhaagam shakthamaayirunnu.
samakaalika sahacharyam.
raajyathudaneelam ekadesham 1,500 juthanmaar thaamasichirunnu. matha jootha samudaayangalil rajisttar cheytha amgangalude ennam sameepa varshangalil kurayukayum 2015ll ithu 747 aayi kurayukayum cheythu. avaril bhooribhaagavum oosloo aasthaanamaayullavaraayirunnu.
norwayil rund sinagogukalundu, onnu ooslooyilum onnu trontheimilum. oosloo sinagog oru kindergarten chedder ulppede poornnamaaya thotilinum kallaraykkum edayilulla soukaryangal nadathunnu. berjan, staavanchar ennividangalil ippozhum pravartthikkunna grouppukale shekharikkunnathinulla oru aoutteechu prograam avarkk randuperkkum undu. 2004 juunil chabad-lubavic ooslooyil sthiramaaya saannidhyam sthaapikkukayum norwayude mattu bhagangalilum pravartthanangal samghadippikkukayum cheythu. sevanangalum pravartthanangalum samghadippikkunna oru jootha naveekarana rabby osloikkundu. osloyil purogamana joothamathathinu oru samoohamundaayirunnu, athu nilavililla. loka jootha kongrasumaayi affiliate cheythittulla dettu mosaiske trosamphand (mosaik community) aanu norwayile jootha samoohathe prathinidheekarikkunnath. norwayile mattu jootha samghadanakalil binai baaba 'rith, viso, binai akiva, keren keyemettu, joothanmaare veettil sahayikkuka (help joden hjem), chakrangalil oru kosher bhakshanam, jootha patana vrithangal, praayamayavarkkulla oru veedu enniva ulppedunnu. trontheimil oru jootha samooha kendravumundu.
norwegian juthanmaar norwegian samoohavumaayi nannayi samyojippikkappettavanda, avaril pramukhar storttattinginte muun president joou benkov; lioo eatinger berthold grunfeldum, iruvarum sradheyamaaya cycatristukal; piyaanist roobert levin; ezhuthukaaranum nadiyum naadaka niroopakanum, bent kahan, oru nadiyum gaayikayum. ithil avasaanathe randennam maathramaan ippozhum jeevichirikkunnathu.
samakaalika norwayile yahoodavirudhatha.
mukhyadharaa norwegian rashtreeya anthareeksham yahoodavirudhathaye thallikkalayunna oru vedhi shakthamayi sweekarichu. ennirunnaalum, vyakthikal palappozhum svakaaryamaayi yahoodavirudha kaazhchappaadukal pulartthunnu.
oosloo sinagogine apavarthippeduthiya sambhavangal undaayittund. 2006 joolaiyil, 2006 leeii lebanan yudhathil, peedanamo aakramanamo bhayann kippotto mattu thirichariyal vasthukkalo pothusthalathu dharikkaruthenn sabha juthanmaarkku munnariyipp nalki.
2006 septambar 17 nuu, norwegian thalasthaanathu bombakramanam nadatthaan padhathiyittirunna aljeeriyan theevravaada grouppaaya jii. ezz. pii. siyude aasootritha lakshyamayirunnu kettidamennu parasyamaayi paranjathinu divasangalkku sesham, oosloo sinagog oru automatic ayudham upayogichu aakramichu. 2008 juun 2 nuu arfan khadeer bhatiye vedivayppu aakramanathinu shikshikkukayum gurutharamaaya nasheekaranathinu ettu varshathe munkaruthal thadavu shiksha nalkukayum cheythu. sinagogil vedivacha vediyundakal oru theevravaada pravartthanamaanennu oosloo sitti kodathi judjic mathiyaya thelivukal kandethaan kazhinjilla. ooslooyile sinagog ippol thudarchayaaya nireekshanatthilum thadassangalaal samrakshikkappedunnathilum aanu.
2006 augustil ezhuthukaaranaaya jostteyn garder "daivathinte thiranjeduttha janangal" enna thalakkettil aftenpostanil oru lekhanam prasidheekarichu. athu israelineyum oru mathamenna nilayil joothamathatheyum angeyattam vimarshichu. yahoodavirudhathayude aaropanangalum theevramaaya pothu samvaadavum jostteyn garder vivaadathinu kaaranamaayi.
2008 desemberil, holocoastine parihasicha haasyanadanaaya oottoo jespersenethire norwegian pras parati commission imre herse parati nalkiyengilum saha comics addehathinte tivi steshanum kalakarane pinthunachu. jarmman gyaas chembarukalil jeevan nashtappetta kodikkanakkinu eechakaleyum penum oormmikkaan njaan aagrahikkunnu, jootha pashchaathalamulla vyakthikale sthirathaamasamaakkukayallaathe mattonnum cheythittillenn jesperson thante prathivaara dinacharyayil deseeya televisionil thamasha paranju."jesperson yahoodavirudhathayekkurichu oru aakshepahasya svagathavum avatharippichu, athu avasaanichathu," oduvil, ellah norwegian joothanmaarkkum santhoshakaramaaya chrismus aashamsikkunnu-illa, njaan enthaanu parayunnath! ningal chrismus aaghoshikkunnilla, alle?? desember 4nuu yeshuvine krooshichathu ningalaanu. saamoohikavum vamsheeyavumaaya grouppukalkkum royaltti, raashtreeyakkaar, celebrittikal ennivarkkumethiraaya niravadhi aakramanangalkk jespersen vimarsanam labhichittund, koodaathe monologine prathirodhikkunnathinaayi tivi 2 jespersen ellah dishakalilekkum akramanangal nadathunnundennum "ningal [monolog] gauravamaayi edukkukayaanengil, yahoodanmaarekkaal kooduthal aalukalkk deshyappedanamennum" abhiprayappettu.
2010ll norwegian broadcasting korppareshan norwegian muslimkalkkidayil yahoodavirudhatha saadhaaranamaanennu report cheythu. joothanmaare kolappeduthiyathinu adolph hitlare muslim vidyaarthikal palappozhum prashamsikkukayo prashamsikkukayo cheiyunnuvennum "musleem vidyaarthikalude vishalamaaya grouppinullil jootha vidvesham niyamaanusrithamaanennum" "holocostinecurich bodhavalkarikkaan shramikkumbol musleengal chirikkukayo nirthaan [adhyapakarodu] kalppikkukayo cheiyunnu" ennum musleengalude valia vihitamullah skoolukalile adhyapakar report cheythu. oru jootha pithaav thante kutty skoolinu sesham oru musleem janakkoottam enganeyaanu kaattilekku kondupoyi thookkikkolliyathennum paranju. (kutty rakshapettu.) ennirunnaalum, 2015 februvariyil, oru koottam yuva musleengal 1,500 pere samghadippichu ooslooyile sinagogukalkku chuttum rund 'samadhana valayangal' roopeekarikkukayum europile jootha kendrangalkkethiraaya sameepakaala bheekaraakramanangalkk marupadiyaayi aarambikkukayum cheythu.
norwegian musleengalumaayi bandhamillaattha, 2014 augustil skiyanile oru schoolilum sports soukaryathilum yahooda virudha graafitti thalikkapettu. aaa varsham avasaanam, oru jootha paava thiyettar prakadanatthinte premiyarinte pittennu, trondlag thiyettarinte glass vaathilukalil oru swasthika kothiyedutthu. 2014 octoberil, trontheimil oru jootha semiteri nasippikkappedukayum spray cheytha adayaalangal upayogichu chappalil 'furer' enna vaakk ezhuthukayum cheythu.
raashtreeyakkaar, samghadanaa nethaakkal, sabhaa nethaakkal, muthirnna pathrapravartthakar ennivaril ninnaan norwayile yahoodavirudhatha pradhaanamaayum varunnathennu jerusalem sentar phoor public afayezhs prasidheekaricha oru lekhanathil prasthaavichu. viyojippulla abhipraayangal undaayirunnittum, europile yahoodavirudhatha muslim kudiyettatthil ninnaan uthbhavichathenn avakaashappedunna eee lekhanam, juthanmaar norwayil varunnathinu noottaandukalkku munbu ekadesham 1000 sii. iii. yill aarambhicha yahoodavirudhathaykku europian-kristhyan neethrthwathe kuttappeduthunnu. lekhanathil ninnu uyarnnuvarunna mattoru prashnam yahoodavirudha kaarikkecharukalude prasidheekaranamaanu. 1970kall muthal palasteen anukoola kaarikkecharukal norwegian maadyamangalil prasidheekarichittundu. ennaal naasi kaalaghattatthile aaa thithreekaranangale yahoodavirudha kaarikkecharukalumaayi thaarathamyam cheiyunnathu chila samanathakal kaanikkunnu. juthanmaar tinmayum manushyathvarahitharumaanu', 'juthanmaar lokathe bharikkukayum chooshanam cheyyukayum cheiyunnu', 'juthanmaar samaadhaanathe verukkukayum yudhangal pracharippikkukayum cheiyunnu' thudangiya pothuvaaya roopangal aduthide prasidheekaricha chithrangalilum irupathaam noottaandinte thudakkathile yahoodavirudha rekhachithrangalilum aavarthikkunnu.
501 aalukalil nadatthiya oru telephone sarway prakaram, norwayile muthirnna janasamkhyayude 15 sathamaanam (+/- 4.4%) perr yahoodavirudha manobhaavangal pulartthunnu, janasamkhyayude 40 sathamaanam perum "juthanmaar norveyekkaal israelinodu kooduthal vishwastharaanu" enna prasthaavanayod yojikkunnu, 31 sathamaanam aalukal karuthunnath, "holocoastil thangalkk enthaanu sambhavichathenn juthanmaar ippozhum valareyadhikam samsaarikkunnu" ennaanu."ennirunnaalum, eee sarway" "yahoodavirudha manobhaavangalkk aashrayamekunnu" "enna vargeekaranathil yukthirahithamayi lalithamaanennu vimarshikkappettittundu".

