
panshura

dakshineshyayil kaanapedunna geomeded aamakalude oru janussaanu pangshura. athinte anga enangal munbu kaalaharanapetta "kachuga" janussilaayirunnu. anchaamathe amgamaaya "pangshura tatrotia" yeei 2010 ll vivarichittundenkilum pleosene phosilukalil ninnu maathrame ithu ariyappedunnulloo.
oro sheeldilum 2 muthal 4 vare karutha paadukal, avaa oru samamita paatten undaakkunnu, ennaal oro gular, guda, aaksilari, inguinal sheeldukalilum onnu. cheria karutha paadukalulla carapace olivu green, aadyathe moonnu vertebral sheeldukalil ooranchu allengil chuvapp baand undu (smith, 1931: sharmma, 1998).
sheelangalum aavaasavyavasthakalum jeevivarggangal vasikkunnu
dhaaraalam jala sasyajalangalulla shudhajala srothassukal. poornnamaayum jalajeeviyaanengilum eee aama oru mosham neenthalkkaaranaanu. saadhaaranayaayi kurachu aalukal maathrame nilkkunna vellathil marangalkk mukalil nilkkunnath kaanaarullu. sasyabhukkaaya sasyangal pradhaanamaayum jala sasyajaalangale bhakshikkunnu. thalayum munkaalukalum pinvalikkukayum pinkaalukal thirikkukayum anuyojyamaaya abhayasthaanathu athunnathuvare shell munnott thallukayum cheiyunna oru prathyeka prathirodha seelam aamaykkund. (sharmma, 1998: daas, 2002). prajnana sheelangalekkurich kooduthalonnum ariyillengilum ekadesham 1.2 centimeter (ahamed, 1958) alavil 9 poornnamaayum vikasicha muttakal idunnathaayi kandethi.
vitharanam bangladesh, india, paakistaan (ganga)
indiayile brahmaputra nadeethadavum sindum
paakisthaanile nadhi), neppaal (daas, 2002).
saambathika praadhaanyam oru janapriya valarthumrigam. shell
alankaara aavasyangalkkaayi ithu upayogikkunnu.
sthithi banglaadeshil saadhaaranavum vyaapakamaayi vitharanam cheyyappedunnathumaanu, ennaal aavaasavyavasthayude nashtam, vyaapaarathinaayi amithamaya vilaveduppu, valarthumrigangalaayi upayogikkunnathu enniva kaaranam janasamkhya kurayunnu. anubandham 1 ll ulppeduthiyittundu.
speeshees.
vivaricha enangal ivayaanu