
niyamaparamaaya koleju

american unnatha vidyaabhyaasathil, prathyekichu newyork samsthaanathu, oru staattyoottari koleju allengil karar koleju ennathu oru swatantra, swakaarya sarvakalaashaalayude gadakamaaya oru collego schoolo aanu, athu samsthaana niyamanirmmanasabhayil ninnu ganyamaaya, nilavilulla pothu dhanasahayam labhikkunnathin niyukthamaanu. samsthaanathinte prathyeka vidyaabhyaasa aavasyangal niravettukayenna lakshyathode samsthaanathinu vendi sarvakalaashaalayaanu niyamaparamaaya koleju pravarthippikkunnathu. newyorkkile staattyoottari collegeukal stettu yooniversitti oof newyork (suni) samvidaanavumaayi bharanaparamaayi affiliate cheythittullavayaanu, koodaathe suniyude operating bajattil ninnu dhanasahayam sweekarikkunnu. anchu niyamaparamaaya kolejukalundu naalu cornell sarvakalaashaalayilum onnu alfred sarvakalaashaalayilum sthithicheyyunnu.
staattyoottari koleju", "contract koleju" ennee padangal eee eratta affiliate cheytha kolejukalo schoolukalo oronnum "staattyoott" anusaricho samsthaanavumaayulla "karar" anusaricho samsthaanathu ninnu swathanthramaayi pravartthikkunnu enna vasthuthayil ninnaan uruthirinjathu. cornell sarvakalaashaalayude kaaryatthil, samsthaanathu ninnu nerittu dhanasahayam labhikkatha kolejukaleyum schoolukaleyum niyamaparamaaya kolejukalil ninnu verthirikkunnathinayi saadhaaranayaayi "endoved collegeukal" ennu vilikkunnu. mattu kaambasukalil avaye "swakaarya" ennu vilikkunnu.
newyork samsthaana vidyaabhyaasa niyamam eee sarkkar pinthunayulla kolejukale vivarikkan "karar koleju", "staattyoottari koleju" enniva upayogikkunnu.
cornell sarvakalashaalayil.
newyorkkile ithaakkayile cornell sarvakalashaalayil sthithi cheiyunna naalu niyamaparamaaya collegeukal ivayaanu
mattoru niyamaparamaaya kolejaaya newyork stettu koleju oof forestry 1898-ll cornell sthaapithamaayi, 1903-ll oru cases theerppaakkaathathinethur undaaya prathishedhathetthudarnnu athu adachupootti. dhanasahayam nalkunna viniyoga billine veetto cheyyaan odel. ennirunnaalum, kaarshika kolejinte bhaagamaayi cornell vanavidyaabhyaasam thudarnnu. 1911ll syracuse sarvakalashaalayil forestry koleju veendum sthaapikkappettu. cornellinte nilavile rund niyamaparamaaya collegeukal-naise koleju oof agrikalchar aandu life sciences, naise koleju oof human ekkolaji-oronnum samsthaana pinthunayulla sthaapanamaakki maattunnathinaayi samsthaana niyamanirmmanam nadappaakkunnathinu munbu samsthaana pinthunayillaattha kolejukalaayi (yathaakramam koleju oof agrikalchar, school oof hoome economics) nilaninnirunnu. naise koleju oof human ekkolajiyum naise koleju oof vettinari medisinum cornellinte agrikalchar kolejilaanu uthbhavam kandethunnathu. ennirunnaalum, vettinari medisin koleju yadhaarthathil newyorkkile aadyathe niyamaparamaaya kolejaayirunnu. 1922ll aabhyanthara saambathikashaasthrathil oru vakuppayi aarambhicha hotel school 1954ll oru prathyeka, dhanika kolejaayi maari.
1865ll cornellinte padaviyil ninnu moril niyamaprakaaram newyork samsthaanathinte land graant koleju enna nilayil cornelle staattyoottari collegeukal valarnnu. moril niyamaprakaaram, cornellinu samsthaanathinte janasamkhyaye adisthaanamaakki bhoomi labhichu, eee varumanam cornellinte prarambha endovementinte adisthaanamaayirunnu. niyamanirmmanasabhayil ninnulla cornellinte 1865 chaarttarinte nibandhanakal prakaram, krishi, mechanical arts, sainika thanthram enniva padippikkaan cornell baadhyasthanaayirunnu. (oro niyamasabha jillayileyum vidyaarthikalkku soujanya tution nalkaanum cornell baadhyasthanaayirunnu.) 1890-kalode, cornell eee pradeshangalil thangalude dauthyam thudarunnathinu samsthaana dhanasahayam thedukayum samsthaana nerittulla dhanasahaayathinulla oru vaahanamaayi niyamaparamaaya collegeukal roopeekarikkukayum cheythu. koodaathe, irupathaam noottaandinte thudakkathil, puthiya federal niyamangal samsthaana fandukalumaayi poruthappedunna vaarshika dhanasahayam nalkikkond bhoomi graant collegeukal (avarude kaarshika pareekshana kendrangalum sahakarana vipuleekarana sevanangalum) nalki. thalphalamaayi, cornellinte land graant dutykal mikkavarum ellah samsthaana fandukal labhikkuna naalu niyamaparamaaya kolejukalilekku maatti.
academic prograamukal staattyoottari koleju vashathinum aathidheya sthaapanathinum idayil kaimaran kazhiyum. udaaharanathinu, koleju oof hoome economicsinte hotel administration prograaminte pravartthanam urappakkaan swakaarya fund mathiyaayappol, 1950-ll ithu oru prathyeka hotel administration skoolaayi vibhajikkapettu. koleju oof agrikalchar aandu life sciencesile kaarshika saambathika shaasthra vibhaagam (call) oru biruda bisinus skoolaayi parinamichu. 2016ll ithu kaalsukalum oru puthiya bisinus college pankidunna oru skoolaayi maari. eee punasamghadana undaayirunnittum vidyaarthikalkku ippozhum inn-stettu tution aanukoolyamundu.
alfred sarvakalashaalayil.
newyorkkile alfred pattanatthile alfred sarvakalashaalayil sthithi cheiyunna staattyoottari koleju ithaanu
newyork stettu koleju oof seramicsil (enn. aii. ezz. sii. sii) school oof art aandu design, athinte swantham deane, alfred sarvakalaashaalayude school oof enchineeyaringinullil cross-oorganais cheytha naalu sarkkar pinthunayulla metteeriyal prograamukal enniva ulppedunnu. samsthaana paripaadikaludeyum enn. aii. ezz. sii. sii. missionteyum saambathika pinthunaykkaayi seramics koleju saankethikamaayi oru "holding entitti" aayi (oru yoonit head/staattyoottari afayezhs vais presidentinte melnottam) pravartthikkunnu. melpparanja rund eyu skoolukalkkum enn. aii. ezz. sii. sii. yumayi affiliate cheytha scholis library oof seramixinteyum (campus wide, unified eyu library sisttathinte bhagam) bajatt thayyaareduppinaayi yoonit head sahayikkukayum sannikk oru layosan rolil pravartthikkukayum cheiyunnu.
saankethikamaayi seramics kolejinte oru upavibhagamaaya school oof art aandu design, ennaal svayambharanaparamaayi swantham deanil pravartthikkunnu, ithu veendum divisionukalaayi thirichirikkunnu. alfred school oof enchineeyaringinu (svanthamaayi denotoppam svayambharanaparamaayi pravartthikkunnu) nilavil naalu sarkkar pinthunayulla prograamukalum rund swakaarya endove prograamukalum undu.
syracuse sarvakalashaalayil.
newyork stettu koleju oof forestry 1911-ll syracuse yooniversittiyil (suu) punasthaapikkappettu, pakshe saankethikamaayi orikkalum oru niyamaparamaaya kolejaayirunnilla. syracuse sarvakalaashaalayile oru unitaayi aadyam sthaapithamaaya eee koleju 1913-ll svanthamaayi trasttikalude bordumaayi "syracuse sarvakalaashaalayile newyork stettu koleju oof forestry" enna peril oru swatantra samsthaana sthaapanamaayi chartered cheyyappettu. 1948ll stettu yooniversitti oof newyork sthaapithamaayathode multy-campus sanni samvidaanathinullil oru prathyeka doctoral digri nalkunna sthaapanamaayi koleju maari. 1972ll, kolejinte peru stettu yooniversitti oof newyork koleju oof envayonmental sayans aandu forestry (iii. ezz. eph) ennu maatti; ithu syracuse sarvakalashaalayil ninnu bharanaparamaayi vyathyasthamayi thudarunnu. ezz. ezz. eph vidyaarthikalkku suu librarikalilekkum vinoda soukaryangalilekkum poornna praveshanam undu. rund sthaapanangalum kozhsukalude oru pothu shedule pankidunnu, rund sthaapanangalileyum vidyaarthikalkku mattoru sthaapanathil kozhsukal edukkaam, koodaathe kankarant digri, joyint certificat prograamukalilekkulla praveshanathinu apekshikkaam. ezz. eph vidyaarthikal meyy maasathil samyuktha prarambha vyaayamangalil pankedukkunnu (syracuse sarvakalashaalayudeyum ezz. eph. yudeyum mudrakalulla diplomakal sweekarikkunnu), koodaathe ezz. eph vidyaarthikalkku enn. sii. eiii. eiii division I intercollegiate sports ozhikeyulla ellah ezz. yuu vidyaarthi pravarthanangalilum pankedukkaam.
sarkkaarinteyum swakaarya sarvakalashaalayudeyum punk.
niyamaparamaaya collegeukal sarkkar nadathunnavayalla; avaa pravarthippikkunnathu oru 'karar' sarvakalaashaalayaan. nilavile krameekaranatthil eee sarvakalashaalakal cornell, alfred ennivayaanu. ennirunnaalum, nilavilulla anchu niyamaparamaaya collegeukal 1948 ll aarambhichathumuthal suniyumaayi affiliate cheythittundu (ennaal 1948 nuu munbu oru kudakkeezhilum oru samghadanayumaayum affiliation undaayirunnilla). niyamaparamaayi cornell, alfred sarvakalaashaalakalile jeevanakkaraanu staattyoottari koleju jeevanakkar, allathe suniyile jeevanakkaaralla.
samsthaana vidyaabhyaasa niyamam sanni board oof trasttikalkku inipparayunna adikaaram nalkunnu niyamaparamaaya kolejukalude deane/yoonit medhaavikalude cornellinteyum alfredinteyum niyamanathinu trasttikal aupachaarikamaayi amgeekaaram nalkanam, koodaathe niyamaparamaaya kolejukalude samsthaana dhanasahaayathinte niyanthranam sanni aanu. (suni anuvadicha panatthinu purame, kolejukalkku tution, phees, samsthaana ejansikalil ninnulla graantukalum karaarukalum, prathyeka samsthaana niyamanirmmaana fund, federal fund, swakaarya sambhavanakal enniva vazhi dhanasahayam nalkaam.)
koodaathe, vidyaabhyaasa niyamam sannikk oru kansalttettari roll nirbandhikkunnu tution nirakkukal nischayikkumbol staattyoottari koleju sannikk upadesham nalkanam. niyamaparamaaya kolejukalude mail "pothu melnottavum" suni nadathunnu. ennirunnaalum, vidyaabhyaasa niyamathil vyakthamaayi prasthaavichittillaatha niyamaparamaaya kolejukalkkaayi puthiya nayangal srishtikkaan suniykk avakaashamillenn ardhamaakkunna reethiyilaan cornel alfred ithu vyaakhyaanichath. cornell ninno alfredil ninno aavasyamulla oru nayathino pravartthanatthino bandhappett cornell allengil alfred suniyum thammil oru samgharshamundengil, athu iru kakshikalum thammilulla charchakaliloode pariharikkanam, ennirunnaalum karaarilethaan kazhiyunnillengil iru kakshikalkkum kodathi appeel nalkaanulla niyamaparamaaya avakaashamund. ennirunnaalum, eee niyamaparamaaya oopshan orikkalum upayogichittilla.
niyamaparamaaya koleju programukalkkaayulla kettidangalude nirmmaanathinu samsthaanam dhanasahayam nalkunnu, aaa kettidangalum aaa kettidangalkk thaazheyulla bhoomiyum newyork samsthaanathinu svanthamaanu. atharam nirmmaanam niyanthrikkunnath cornell allengil alfred allathe naise yooniversitti kanstrakshan fandaanu.
cornelle alfredileyum staattyoottari kolejukalkku ganyamaaya samsthaana dhanasahayam labhikkunnathinaal, staattyoottari kolejukaludeyum endoved kolejukaludeyum tution nirakkukal vevvere nirnnayikkunnu. 'oru staattyoottari collegil cherunna 'inn-stettu' thamasakkaar avarude 'samsthaanathinu purathulla' athiraalikalude 'nirakkukalil ninnu vyathyasthamayi oru prathyeka kuranja nirakk nalkunnu. oru staattyoottari collegil chernna oru vidyaarthi oru endoved koleju vaagdaanam cheiyunna oru klaas edukkumbol, endoved koleju "aaksasari instruction phees" enna bajatt inathil thirichadaykkunnu."chila samayangalil, dhanasambannaraaya kolejukalil ninnu anuvadicha credit manikkoorukalekkaal kooduthal edukkunna niyamaparamaaya koleju vidyaarthikal atharam phees svayam nalkendathundu. athupole, vividha samayangalil, oru staattyoottari kolejilekku metrikkulettu cheyyukayum pinneedu oru endoved kolejilekku maarukayum cheiyunna oru vidyaarthi transferrinu sesham tutionile vyathyasam nalkendathundu.
niyamaparamaaya koleju jeevanakkaarkk oru prathyeka pension padhathi parirakshayund, koodaathe avarude endoved koleju athiraalikalekkaal prathyeka shambala skeyilukalum franch aanukoolyangalum undu. niyamaparamaaya koleju kettidangalum soukaryangalum mikathum newyork samsthaanathinte udamasthathayilullathaanu.
koodaathe, samsthaana fund niyamaparamaaya unitukalilekku vitharanam cheiyunnathinu suni oru vishwaasyatha vahikkunnu. ithinu swakaarya sarvakalaashaalakalkulile samsthaana fandukalude upayogathekkurichu aanukaalika oodittukal aavashyamaayi vannekkaam.
niyamaparamaaya collegeukal "pothu" sthaapanamaano atho "swakaarya, laabhechayillaatha" sthaapanamaano ennathinekkurichu chila charchakal nadakkunnundu. niyamaparamaayi, avaa svakaaryavum laabhechayillaathathumaanu; cornell, alfred sarvakalashaalakal swakaarya, laabhechayillaatha sthaapanangalaanu, eee sarvakalaashaalakalude ellah gadakangalilekkum vyaapippikkunna oru padavi, avaa prathyeka korppareshanukalalla. koodaathe, kodathi vidhikal nilavil sthireekarikkunnathupole niyamaparamaaya kolejukalile jeevanakkar swakaarya, laabhechayillaatha jeevanakkaraanu. eee bandhathinu oru saamyam oru swakaarya, laabhechayillaatha aarogya ejansiyaanu, athu oru sarkkarumaayulla karar prakaram, oru gaveshana sthaapanam pravarthippikkaan pathivayi sarkkar panam sweekarikkunnu; muzhuvan swakaarya, laabhechayillaatha ejansiyum (gaveshana sthaapanam ulppede) ippozhum oru swakaarya, laabhechayillaatha sthaapanamaayi thudarunnu. niyamaparamaaya collegeukal "samsthaana ejansikalaayi" pravartthikkunnillenna newyork samsthaana vidyaabhyaasa niyamavum parayunnu."oro staattyoottari kolejukalilum avarude audyogika perukalil" "newyork stettu" "adangiyirikkunnu enna vastutha staattyoottari kolejukalude swakaarya swabhaavathe mattunnilla; ennirunnaalum, stettu fundinginte praadhaanyam svakaaryavum svakaaryavumaaya bandhatthil oru pradhana gadakamaanu". niyamaparamaaya yoonit bandham.
newyork samsthaanathu rund samsthaana pinthunayulla sarvakalashaala samvidaanangalundu samsthaanathudaneelam birudam nalkunna yoonittukalulla stettu yooniversitti oof newyork (suni), newyork nagaratthil maathram birudam nalkunna yoonittukalulla sitti yooniversitti oof newyork (kannii). newyork samsthaanathile niyamaparamaaya collegeukal suniyude pankaalikalaanu, avaykku kooniyumaayi oru bandhavumilla.
newyork stettu, swakaarya sarvakalashaalakal thammilulla mattu affiliationukal.
1911-ll, stettu yooniversitti oof newyork koleju oof envayonmental sayans aandu forestry (suni-iii. ezz. eph) newyork ekeekritha niyamangal ennariyappedunna newyorkkile syracusile syracus sarvakalashaalayil newyork stettu koleju oof forestry samsthaanam srishtichu. ennirunnaalum, niyamaparamaaya kolejukalil ninnu vyathyasthamayi, eee koleju oru svayambharana sthaapanamaayi sthaapithamaayi, athu bharanaparamaayi syracuse sarvakalaashaalayude bhagamalla, athinte swakaarya aathidheya sthaapanamaanu. rund sthaapanangalkkum aduthulla kaambasukalum adutha pravartthana bandhavumund.
koodaathe, newyork nagaratthile columbia yooniversitti medical sentaril sthithi cheiyunna newyork stettu oafees oof mental healthinte gaveshana kendramaaya newyork stettu cycatric instittyoottum undu. ithu oru niyamaparamaaya yoonitalla-ithu birudangal nalkunnilla, athinaal kolambiyayude medical sentarumaayum athinte saikyatri vakuppumaayum affiliate cheythittum ithine koleju ennu vilikkaan kazhiyilla. athinaal, ithu samsthaanathinte oru sthaapanamaayi thudarunnu.
newyork samsthaanathinullile federal, niyamaparamaaya-koleju tharatthilulla bandhangal.
newyorkkile rochasttaril sthithi cheiyunna rochasttar instittyoott oof teknolajiyude (ritt) oru ghadaka skoolaanu naashanal technical instittyoott phoor dhii def (enn. tii. aii. dii). badirarum kelkkaan prayasamullavarumaaya vidyaarthikalkku anuyojyamaaya prograamukal-palappozhum rittinte mattu collegeukal/skoolukalumaayi samyojippichu-entid vaagdaanam cheiyunnu, koodaathe kelvi vaikalyamillaathavaralla, marichu kelvi vaikalyamulla vyakthikale sahayikkaan aagrahikkunna vidyaarthikalkku prograamukalum vaagdaanam cheiyunnu. aabhyanthara (i.iii.enn. tii. aii. diyil chernna vidyaarthikalkku kuranja tution nirakk labhikkunnu, ithu rittinte pathiv tution nirakkinekkaal kuravaanu, athupole thanne enn. tii. aii. diyude anthaaraashtra tution nirakkinekkaal (athaayath.iii., pravasi allathavar) chernna vidyaarthikal. 1965ll nadappaakkiya yuu. ezz. federal enable niyamanirmmaanathiloodeyaanu enn. tii. aii. dii. srishtichathu, koodaathe kuranja, aabhyanthara tution nirakkin subsidy nalkunnathinaayi federal fund labhikkunnu.
newyork samsthaanathinu purathu.
ayalrajyamaaya pensylvaniayil, komanvelthu unnatha vidyaabhyaasa sambradaayam oru "samsthaanavumaayi bandhapetta" padavi amgeekarikkunnu, athil pensylvania nivasikalaaya vidyaarthikalkku tution kizhivukal nalkunnathinu pakaramaayi oru sthaapanathinu samsthaana fund nalkunnu. vidyaabhyaasaparamaayum bharanaparamaayum samsthaanathu ninnu swathanthramaayi thudarunna linkon sarvakalashaala, pensylvania stettu yooniversitti, temple yooniversitti, pittsburg sarvakalashaala ennee naalu sthaapanangalude bajattinte 10 sathamaanathil thaazhe maathramaan samsthaana vihitam. koodaathe, yooniversitti oof pensylvania school oof vettinari medisinu samsthaanathu ninnu pinthuna labikkukayum pensylvania nivasikalaaya vidyaarthikalkku inn-stettu tution vaagdaanam cheyyukayum cheiyunnu.
athupole, swakaarya bailer koleju oof medisin (bcm) texasile thaamasakkaril ninnu texes ithararkku athinte doctor oof medisin (emm.dii.) prograam, texes samsthaanathu ninnulla graantukalkk nandi. texasile doctormaarude ennam vardhippikkaan uddeshichulla eee krameekaranam 1969 ll nilavil vannu, aaa samayat texasile baptist general kanvenshanumaayulla bailorinte affiliationil ninnu undaakunna niyama vairudhyangal ozhivakkunnathinaayi medical school oru svayambharana sthaapanamaayi maari. samsthaana pinthuna samsthaana vidyaarthikalude tution chelavu maathrame nalkunnulloo, koodaathe gaveshanam allengil aoutteechu/ekstenshan aavasyangalkkaayi ganyamaaya fund upayogichu samsthaanam bcmine sahayikkunnilla.
miyami sarvakalaashaalayile leonard emm. floridayile miyamiyilaanu miller school oof medisin sthithi cheiyunnathu. 2004 muthal, floridayile boka rattanilulla florida atlaantik sarvakalaashaalayude kaambasil miller school prabodhanam nalkaan thudangi. emm. dii. udyogaarthikalkku miyami allengil boka raattan prograamukalil praveshanam labikkukayum thiranjeduttha kaambasil naalu varshavum padikkukayum cheiyunnu. miamiyilo boka raattanilo miller school oof medisinil padikkunna vidyaarthikalkku kaambasil paarppidamilla. miyami, boka raattan kaambasukal ore tution eedaakkunnu, samsthaana vidyaarthikalkku kuranja tution eedaakkunnu.
delaware sarvakalashaalayum delaware stettu yooniversittiyum pole "svakaaryamaayi bharikkunna, sarkkar sahaayathodeyulla" sarvakalaashaalayaayi charted cheyyappettittund. sarvakalaashaalayude pravartthana bajattinte ekadesham 10 sathamaanam samsthaanathu ninnaan labhikkunnath, pakshe ithu oru samsthaana ejansiyalla, pothu fandukalude chelavu velippeduthenda niyamangalkk vidheyamaan ennathu tharkkavishayamaan.
staattyoottari koleju" enna padaviyulla vyakthiyude anthaaraashtra upayogam.
yunaittad kingdatthile skotlandile sent andruzil sent andruz sarvakalaashaalaykk kolejukalaayi naamanirddesham cheyyappetta moonnu yoonittukalund. eee kolejukalil randennam "niyamaparamaaya" kolejukalaayi naamanirddesham cheyyappettittund, avaykku sabhaparamaaya thudakkamund. 1747ll oru koleju layanathiloode sthaapithamaaya eee niyamaparamaaya kolejukalilonnaaya yunaittad koleju innu charithrathinum paarambaryatthinum vendi nilanirthunna oru bharanethara sthaapanamaayi nilanilkkunnu. sarvakalaashaalayile arts, medisin, sayans ennee faakkalttikal ivideyundu. mattoru niyamaparamaaya kolejaaya sent marries koleju 1538 ll sthaapithamaayathum sarvakalaashaalayude facultyumaayum school oof divinattiyumaayum sahavarthithvamullathumaan. bakkiyulla kolejaaya "noonn-staattyoottari" ennu perittirikkunna sent leonards colleginu samanamaaya aadyakaala thudakkamund, ennaal 1972 ll birudaananthara biruda vidyaarthikalude bharanathinte kendrabinduvaayi ithu veendum sthaapichu. (birudaananthara birudadhaarikalaaya sent andruz vidyaarthikalum sarvakalaashaalayile poost doctoral felomar gaveshana jeevanakkarum svayam sent leonards collegil amgangalaayi cherunnu.)

