konventikkal

oru konventikkal yadhaarthathil oru sammelanathe soochippikkunnilla, purathana ezhuthukaar oru pallikkayi ithu pathivayi upayogichirunnu. ardhaparamaaya thalatthil 'konventikkil' ennathu 'charchu' enna greak padatthinte oru nalla laattin paryayam maathramaan, koodaathe mathevu 18:20 ennathil yeshuvinte vaagdaanathilekku viral choondunnu, avide rando moonno perr ente peril 'orumichu kandumuttunnu'."
kaalakramena, mathasamghadanakalude yogangalkk, prathyekichu aaraadhanaykkaayi svakaaryavum rahasyavumaaya othucheralukalkku ithu prathyekamaayi baadhakamaayi. pinneedu ithu avahelanathinteyo nindayudeyo oru padamaayi maari, ithu upayogichavar bharana sabhaa adhikaarikalkk ethiraanennu soochippikkunnu; udaaharanathinu, oru konventiloo aashramathilo kalapakaarikalaaya sanyaasimaarude oru koottatthinu ithu baadhakamaayirunnu.
aathyanthikamayi pothu aaradhanaykko mathaparamaya pravartthanangalkko prathyekamaayi uddeshichittillaathu sthalangalil nadakkunna oru sthaapitha sabhayil ninnulla viyojippullavarude mathaparamaya yogangale ithu ardhamaakkunnu. niyamaprakaaram praabalyathilullathum niyamathiloode vyakthamaayi nirodhichathumaaya oru roopamo matha roopangalo thammil samsthaanam verthirikkunna oru vyavasthayaanu athu soochippikkunnathu. eee upayogathinu brittanil niyamaparamaaya anumathi labhichittund.
yeshuvinte shishyanmar conventiclermaaraayi.
eee vaakkinte sveekaaryamaaya upayogathinu anusrithamaayi, kristhumatham oru konventikkilil ninnu sabhaaprasamgithamaayi uyarnnuvennu sabhaa charitrakaaranmaar shariyaayi vaadikkunnu. aarohanathinusesham kristhuvinte aadya shishyanmaarude mukalile muriyil nadanna koodikkaazhcha athaayirunnu (pravrithikal 1:13).
joninte ammayaya merii (pravrithikal 12:12) polulla swakaarya veedukalil praarthana, paraspara vikasanam, smaaraka aacharanam ennivaykkaayi taamasiyaathe nadanna oru tharatthilulla othucheralaayirunnu ithu. churungiya samayathinullil avar jootha sabhaa adhikaarikalude samshayangal svayam aakarshikkukayum avar puthiya vishwaasathe abhikaamyamaayi mathavirudhamennu mudrakuthukayum eee konventikkalukale shalyappeduthunnathinum adichamarthunnathinum lakshyamitulla oru peedanam aarambikkukayum cheythu, avarude ettavum theekshnathayulla ejantumaaril oralaaya addeham apposthalanaayitheernnu.
aadyakaala roman saamraajyathile conventicals.
kristhumatham oru lokamathamaayi maarukayum roman saamraajyathiludaneelam ellah dishakalilekkum vyaapikkukayum cheythappol, athu thudakkathil sahikkappedukayum prachaarathilulla mattu niravadhi aaraadhanakalkkoppam sarkkar samrakshanam aaswadikkukayum cheythu. mathaparamaya koottukettukalude maravil pakwata praapikkunna goodaalochanakalude apakadangalil ninnu svayam rakshappedaan asuyappettirunna mathangalkk sarkkaaril ninnu licenses labhikkendivannu. pradhaanamaayum rashtreeya parigananakalude swaadheenathiloode, kristhumatham taamasiyaathe samshayaaspadamaayi maari. angane athinte yogangal karsanamaayi konventikkalukalaayi maari.
colosos 4,15-ll paraamarshichirikkunnathu atharam sabhaa yogangale chithreekarikkaan charitrakaaranmaar eee padam upayogichittundu. thudarnnulla noottaandil shavakudeerangal kristheeya konventikkilukalude ramgamaayirunnu.
pilkkala roman saamraajyathile conventicals.
samsthaana mathamaayi nirodhanam vazhi kristhumatham sthaapithamaayathode, athinte ellah yogangalum niyamavidheyamaakki, koodaathe oodiyam enna padam shariyaayi prayogikkaan kazhinjilla. 4, 5 noottaandukalil nirodhanathinum maranashikshaykkum keezhil bharanakoodam nirodhichirunna sanyasimaarum daanadharmmikalum polulla kristhyan nonconformistukalude yogangalkk eee vivaranam veendum baadhakamaayi. samsthaana amgeekaaravum pinthunayum aaswadikkunna pallikalude nethaakkal eee nayathe karsanamaayi prothsaahippichu. gangra sinadinte aaraamathe kaanon konventikkilukalkkethir ucharikkunnu.
parivarthanatthinu munbulla europile konventikkalukal.
englandil vaiklifinte anuyaayikalude yogangalil eee vaakk neratthe prayogikkappettirunnu, avar saadhaarana purohitharude kazhivillaaymayum avaganana thiricharinju, janangalude athmeeya aavasyangal niravettunnathinaayi peripattik prasangakare ayachu. eee aachaaravum wack lollardukal (vaiklifinte ettavum nischayadaartyamulla pinthunakkaar ennu vilikkappedunnavar) skotlandilekku kondupoyi, avide avar romile sabhaa aadhipathyathil ninnu kalapa prasthaanatthinu thudakkamidunnathino shakthippeduthunnathino valareyadhikam cheythu.
tudersinu keezhil englandu.
ennirunnaalum, parishkaranathinusheshavum 'konventikkal' enna padam niyamaparamaaya ardhamulla oru padamaayi maariyilla, athinanusarichu athu englandile sthaapitha sabhayil ninnu purathupoyavarude aaradhanaykko koodiyaalochanayko vendiyulla yogasthalatheyo sammelanatheyo vivarikkunnu. elisabath raajnji, vishudhavaadavumaayulla thante malsarathil, mathaparavum sabhaparavumaaya kaaryangalil rajakeeya aadhipathyam shakthamayi uyarthikkattukayum, raajyathe ellah prajakalum niyamaprakaaram sthaapithamaaya sabhayude upayogangalum thathwangalum paalikkanamenn aavashyappedunna ekeekritha pravartthanatthinte karsanamaaya prayogatthil nirbandham pidikkukayum cheythu. purohitharude anuroopathayillaaymaye kuttapathram nalki shikshichu.
thudarnnulla anweshanathinte falamaayi, niravadhi manthrimaarkk avarude jeevitam nashtappettu, avarude sthaanangal ottum nikathaan kazhiyaathe varikayo kazhivillaathavarum janapreethiyillathavarumaayi pakarakkar niraykkukayo cheythu. eee pakarakkaarude shushroosha sweekarikkaan visammathicha dhaaraalam aalukal swakaarya veedukalilo mattu anuyojyamaaya sthalangalilo aaraadhanaykkaayi othukoodi. aaa peril eee konventikkalukal niyamavirudhamaanennu vyakthamaayi prakhyaapichu. niyamangalude pusthakatthile pathinonnaamatthe article (1603-ll varacha) 'konventikkalukalude paripaalakare' vimarshikkunnu; panthrandaamathethu, 'konventikkalukalil nirmmicha bharanaghadanakalude paripaalakare', 73-aamm bhagam ingane 
'purohithanmaarudeyum manthrimaarudeyum ellah konventikkalukalum rahasya yogangalum avar thamasikkunna sabhayude avasthaykku valare veruppulavakkunnathaayi kanakkakkappettittullathu, purohithanmaaro daivavachana mantrimaro mattethenkilum vyakthikaloo oru swakaarya veettilo mattevideyengilum othucherukayo avar sweekarikkenda eathenkilum kaaryathekkuricho maargathekkuricho allengil mattethenkilum avarude chalanathekkuricho nirddeshathekkuricho koodiyaalochikkukayo cheyyaruthennu njangal utharavidunnu, ithu oru tharatthilum englandile sabhayude sidhaanthathe allengil pothu praarthanayude pusthakatthe allengil ippol englandile sabhayil sthaapithamaaya sarkkaarinteyo achadakkathinteyo eathenkilum bhaagathe impeach cheiyunnathino apakeerthippeduthunnathu pravanatha kaanichekkaam.' 
eee niyamangal prakaram bhookhandathil ninnulla abhayaarthikal englandil pracharippicha anaabaapttisathinte anuyaayikale raajyam vidaan utharavittu. thudarnnulla puritainisatthinte bharanakaalathu polum, eee prathyeka shareerathinte yogangal avarude aakramanathmaka mathabhraanthiyil prakopithanaaya protector cromwell athe reethiyil pariganikkukayum pariganikkukayum cheythu. onno rando ozhike, peedippikkappetta mattu vibhaagangalkk sahishnuthayudeyum swaathanthryathinteyum shwasana idam undaayirunnu.
englandil, charchu oof englandu sevanangalil pankedukkaan aalukale nirbandhikkunnathinum saadhaaranakkaarude anaudyogika yogam nirodhikkunnathinum paarlamentinte moonnu niyamangal pasakia
oru paarlamentinu maathram nilanilkkumennu prasthaavicha 1592 leeii mathaniyamam, palliyil pankedukkunnathil parajayappetta pathinaar vayassinu mukalilullavare jaamyamillathe thadavilaakkanamennum mattullavare angane cheyyaan prerippichuvennum sabhaa kaaryangalil thante mahathwathinte adikaaram nishedhichuvennum niyamavirudhamaaya mathaparamaya konventikkalil pankedutthuvennum aavasyappettu.
aavasyappettu konventikkil act prakaram aduthulla oru kudumbam ozhikeyulla ancho athiladhikamo aalukal englandile sabhayude aabhimukhyathin purathulla mathasammelanangalil othukoodunnathu nirodhichu. eee niyamam clarendon kodile bhaagamaayirunnu, clarendente onnaam earl edward hydinte perilaanu, ithu anuroopathayillaaymaye niruthsaahappedutthaanum sthaapitha sabhayude sthaanam shakthippeduthaanum lakshyamitirunnu.
lakshyamitirunnu conventicles act oru konventikkilil (charchu oof englandu ozhikeyulla eathenkilum mathasammelathil) pankeduttha eathoru vyakthikkum aadya kuttatthinu anchu shillingukalum randaamathe kuttatthinu patthu shillingukalum pizha chumatthi. atharamoru sammelanathinu thante veedu oru meating hausaayi upayogikkaan anuvadicha eathoru prasangakano vyakthikko randaamathe kuttatthinu 20 shillingukalum 40 shillingukalum pizha chumathaam.
englandinte under dhaa stuvaarts.
stuvartt raajavamshathinte punasthaapanathinushesham, chaals randaamante aabhimukhyathil sthaapithamaaya episcopacy orikkal koodi asahishnuthayayi maari. 1662-ll oru ekeekritha niyamam prakhyapikkappettu, ithu pothu praarthanayude pusthakatthilum sabhaa vishayangalil raajaavinte aadhipathyam enna sidhaanthathilum ulppedunna ellah kaaryangalilum amgathvam sweekarikkaan visammathicha eathoru purohitaneyum addehathinte chumatala ninnu purathaakkaan theerumaanichu, 1643-leeii gambheera leagum udambadiyum prakaram swakaarya veedukalil thante mathaparamaya pravartthanangal nirvahikkunnathil ninnu avare vilakkunnu. eee parisodhanakal palikkaan visammathichathin 2000 purohithanmaare oru divasam kondu avarude jeevithathil ninnu purathaakki. 1664-ll 'konventikkil act' enna niyamathiloode eee niyamam shakthippeduthi, ithu mathaparamaya aaraadhanaykkaayi oru swakaarya veettil oru koottam koodunnathu niyamavirudhamaakkukayum kudumbatthile pathiv amgangalil anchil kooduthal perr pankedukkukayum pizha, thadavu allengil gathagatham ennivaykku vidheyamaakkukayum cheythu. eee niyamatthinte randaamathe pathipp eee purathaakkappetta manthrimaarkk jooriyude vichaaranayude avakasham nishedhikkukayum, chumathiya ellah pizhayudeyum moonnilonnu prathiphalam labhikkenda orotta vivaradaathaavinte sathyaprathinjayil avare shikshikkaan samadhaanathinte eathu neethikkum adikaaram nalkukayum cheythu. othukali cheyyaatha niravadhi pere jayililadachu. 1664 august 7-leeii thante dayariyil pepies ingane nireekshikkunnu 'konstabilukalude koode undayirunnathinaal constablemaar vahicha niravadhi pavapetta jeevikale njaan kandu... avar anusarikkumennu njaan daivathodu paranju.'niyamangal paasaakkiyathinethudarnnu peedanatthinte samayat ettavum kooduthal durithamanubhavicha bhookambakaarikale addeham paraamarsikkunnu. bishop burnet thante "swantham kaalatthinte charithram" enna kruthiyil, avar niyamam anusarikkaan nischayadaarthyathode visammathichathum parasyamaayum nirbhayamaayum avarude nirodhitha yogangal thudarnnathumaaya karyangal prashamsaneeyamaayi vivarikkunnu. avar avare avarude meating houseukalude adacha vaathilukalkk munnil theruvil pidikkum, avar utharavanusarichu adaykkappedumbol. cheruppam kaaranam arast cheyyappedaattha kuttikal, jayilil maathaapithaakkalude abhaavathil theruvil konventikkalukal kaivasham vaykkukayum majistrettumaarudeyum anukambayillaatha kazhchakkaarudeyum parihaasangalum kafukalum kshamayode anubhavikkukayum cheyyum.
stuvaarttukalkk keezhil scotland.
jaims VII, chaals I ennivarude keezhil presbetteriyan kristhumathatthe peedippikkunnathinodu engane prathikarikkaam ennathinu skotlandil vividha utharangal nalkiyirunnu. scotish mantrimar scotland palliyil ninnu poornnamaayum verpeduthunnathu oru oopshanaayi kanakkakkiyilla.
chaals randaamante keezhil skotlandil samanamaaya nadapadikal sweekarichu, englandil eduthathupole, ippol athu skotlandil presbitteriyanisathe adichamarthunnathinaayi mathramaayirunnu, avide athu parishkaranathinushesham mathatthinte janapriyavum prabalavumaaya roopamaayirunnu. 1662 muthal 1678 vare privy kaunsilum hicommission kodathiyum vividha niyamangal pasaki, konventikkalukal nirodhikkukayum avayil pankedutthavarkku vardhichuvarunna kadinamaaya shikshakal chumathukayum cheythu, yajamananmare avarude sevakarkk utharavaadikalaakkukayum, bhoovudamakale avarude kudiyaanmaarkk utharavaadikalaakkukayum cheythu. shikshikkappettavarkk mamsamo paaneeyamo nalkunnathum allengil avarkk paarppidam nalkunnathum allengil avarumaayi eathenkilum tharatthilulla laingikabandham pularthunnathum nirodhichirunnu. avarude uddeshyam praavarthikamaakkunnathi anivaaryamaanennu theliyikkunna eee nadapadikal, haajaraakunnathin vadhasiksha nalkanamennu aathyanthikamayi niyamam pasaki. sainyathinte commandermark saadhaarana sainikarkkum polum, niyamaparamaaya vichaaranayude aupachaarikathayillaathe, pidichedukkunna sthalathu udan thanne athu ealppikkaan adikaaram nalkiyirunnu-claverhouse polullavar niravadhi sandarbhangalil apakeerthiyo dayayo illaathe upayogicha oru adikaaram. ennirunnaalum, eee nayam thikachum paraajayamaanennu thelinju. thekk, thekk-padinjaaru jillakalile matha janasamkhyayude bhooribhaagavum konventikkalukalil pankedukkunnathu thudarnnu, avaa purathaaya mantrimar krameekarikkukayum nadathukayum cheythu. anuyojyamaaya eathenkilum swakaarya veedinu anuyojyamallaathavidham sabha valare valuthayirikke, kalappurakal, dhaanyashaalakal allengil adambara kettidangal polullavaykku resort aavashyamaayirunnu. ennirunnaalum, palappozhum, eee niyamavirudhamaaya othucheralukalilekku ozhukunnavarude ennam aayirakkanakkin aayirunnu, athinte phalam feeld-konventikkal sthaapanamaayirunnu-metingukal, chilappol raathriyil, thuranna aakaashat, moorukalilo kunnukaliloo, allengil glensukalilum malayidukkukalilum, allengil surakshyum anuyojyathayum samyojippikkaan kazhiyunna edangalil.
prasamgatthinte valiyoru bhagam edukkunna eee prasamgangal palappozhum manikkoorukalolam neenduninnu. atharam konventikkalukalil, presbyteriyanisamanuras sabhayude oordinansukal vishwasthathayode acharikkappettu. snaapanamelppikkukayum, palappozhum noorukanakkinu aalukalkkum aayirakkanakkin aalukalkkum, aaghoshikkaan divasangal edukkunna aacharam, niravadhi mantrimar marimari chumathalayelkkukayum cheythukondu, koottaayma vitharanam cheyyukayum cheythu. adichamarthal nadapadikal kooduthal kadinamaakukayum eee othucheralukalile hajar oru gurutharamaaya kuttakrithyamaayi amgeekarikkappedukayum cheythappol, purushanmaar labhyamaya parushamaaya aayudhangalumaayi-kathukal, flylukal muthalaayava aayudhangalumaayi vannu.
alexander sheeldinte "oru pinvaangal" enna kruthiyil mattu vishayangalkoppam konventikkalukalum svechaadhipathyathodulla sayudha prathirodhavum ulkkollunna oru presbytarian daivashaasthram nalkiyirunnu. pusthakatthinte randaam pakuthiyilaanu (macferson parayunnu) oru chinthakanenna nilayil samrakshikkunna shakthiyude prakadatha. ezhu thalangalkk keezhil, annathe adisthaana saamoohika, rashtreeya, sabhaparamaaya chodyangal addeham charcha cheiyunnu. eee thalangal (i) kyoorettukalude vaadam kelkkal, (ii) svechaadhipathikalude adikaaram kaivasham vaykkal, (iii) niyamavirudhamaayi adichelppicha sathyaprathinjakal, (iv) feeld metingukal, (v) prathirodha aayudangal theliyikkal, (vi) swakaarya vyakthikal asaadhaaranamaayi vidhi nadappaakkal, (vii) nyaayeekarikkapetta dushtanikuthikal adaykkaan visammathikkal ennivayekkurichaanu. avasaanamaayi peritta vibhaagam chertthu, sheeldukal nammodu parayunnu, oru pinchinthayayi.
kaavalkkaare nireekshana kendrangalil niyogichirunnu; chaaranmarudeyum vivaradaathaakkaludeyum sahaayathode rajakeeya sainikar palappozhum eee yogangale athbhuthappeduthunnathil vijayichu. atharamoru konventikkilinu nereyundaaya aakramanamaan 1679 juun 11 nuu drumklog yudhathinu kaaranamaayath, ithu udambadikal nediya eaka vijayathil (presbitteriyanisathinte vakthaakkalenn vilikkapettu), koodaathe sainika peedanam nadathunnavaril ettavum theekshnavum kaaryakshamavumaya claverhouse ('boony dundy' ennu paattil ariyappedunnu) nilanirtthiya eaka parajayavum. kolapathaka kaalaghattatthil' kalaashicha peedana varshangalil, ekadesham 18,000 aalukal eee konventikkukalil pankedutthathinu oru tharatthil allengil mattoru tharatthil kashtappettathaayi kanakkaakkappedunnu.
parishkaranatthil vishwasikkunnavarude konventikkalukal 1500-kalil skotlandil nadannathum franch reejant meriye adhikaarathil ninnu nayikkunna prasthaanatthil pradhana pankuvahichathaayi kanakkaakkappedunnu. 1660 muthal 1688 vareyulla viplavakaalathe konventikkalukal saadhaaranayaayi chaals randaaman sthaapithamaaya scotland palliyil episcopal sarkkar nirbandhithamaayi adichelppichathine ethirtha udambadikal kaivashappeduthiyirunnu.
scotland sabhayude presbytarian raashtreeyavum kaalvinist sidhaanthavum samrakshikkunnathinaayi, skotlandile punasthaapanatthinu munbulla sarkkar 1650 leeii breda udambadiyil chaals randaaman rajaavumaayi oppuvachu, addehathe rajaavaayi kireedamaniyikkukayum engleesh paarlamentari senaykkethire pinthunaykkukayum cheythu. 1660-ll rajaavu udan thanne udambadiyude nibandhanakalum thante udambadiyude prathinjayum upekshichu, ithu scotish udambadikal vanchanayayi kandu.
1633 muthal undakkiya ellah niyamangalum 1661 leeii rakshaasamithiyil ninnu raddaakkukayum 400 manthrimaare avarude jeevithathil ninnu phalapradamaayi puratthaakkukayum sabhakalilekkulla manthrimaarude niyamanathil rakshaakarthruthvam punasthaapikkukayum skotlandile palliyilekku bishappumaarude punasthaapanam prakhyapikkaan raajaavine anuvadikkukayum cheythu. cheythu abjuration abjuration deseeya udambadiyum udambadiyum gambheeramaaya leagum udambadiyum aupachaarikamaayi nirasikkapettu. iva raajyathinte adisthaana niyamangalkk virudhamaanennu prakhyapikkappettu. pothupadavi ettedukkunna ellah vyakthikalum raajaavinethire aayudangal edukkillennu sathyaprathinja cheyyanamennum udambadikal nirasikkanamennum niyamam aavashyappedunnu. ithu mikka presbitteriyanmaareyum vishwaasathinte audyogika sthaanangal vahikkunnathil ninnu ozhivaakki."
chaals randaamante mathanayathodulla nirasha aabhyanthara aswasthathayaayi maarukayum 1679-leeii venalkkaalathinte thudakkathil aarch bishop sharp, drumklog, boat well bridge yudhangal ennivayil akramam pottippurappedukayum cheythu. thangalude matham amgeekarikkaatha, thante muun prathinjakal paalikkaatha oru raajaavinte adikaaram janangalkk amgeekarikkaan kazhiyillennu kazhiyillennu sankhar prakhyapanam phalapradamaayi prakhyaapichu. 1685 februvariyil rajaavu marikkukayum addehathinte roman catholica sahodaranaaya duke oof york jaims VII rajaavaayi adhikaaramelkkukayum cheythu.
netherlandsile niravadhi pravishyakalude kaalvinist stadtholdaraaya thante anantharavan, ooranchile vilyam moonnaaman, jaimsinte protestant makal merii ennivarkku vendi jaims oduvil englandil sthaanabhrashtanaayi. skotlandil edinbergil estettukalude oru kanvenshan vilikkukayum eee kanvenshanil vilyam oof ooranchum addehathinte sainyavum cherutho prathirodhamo illaathe englandine keezhadakkiyathinaal scotland vilyaminteyum meriyudeyum scotland simhaasanathinulla avakaashavaadathe pinthunaykkumennu ganyamaaya charchakalkku sesham theerumaanikkukayum cheythu. ennirunnaalum, vilyamatt attimarikkethiraaya thudarnnulla kalaapathil, jayimsinte vishwastha anuyaayikalil chilar-yadhaartha "jacobiteukal", avaril niravadhi uyarnna pradeshavaasikalum undaayirunnu-puthiya sarkkaarinte senaye killikraankiyil kanatha paraajayappeduthi. eee yudhathile redu kottukal praadeshikamaayi valarthiya milishyakalayirunnilla, marichu yadhaarthathil prashasthamaaya scots brigade aayirunnu-dutch sevanathile scotish professional sainikarude oru prashastha yoonit, avaril chilar vilyaminoppam brittanilekku vannirunnu. angane vidhiyude vichitramaaya oru vazhithirivayi, rakthasakshikalaaya udambadi prasamgakanaaya richard cameroninte vimatha anuyaayikalude peril svayam bodhapoorvam cameronian gaard ennu vilikkappedunna oru cheria samghathinu, aduthide vijayicha yaakobaayarkkethire dankaldinte theruvukalil nadanna cheruthum ennaal pradhaanappettathumaaya oru yudhathil puthiya sarkkaarine prathirodhikkaan athu labhichu. angane pazhaya episcopalian, roman catholica sthaapanangalude prathirodhakarkkethiraaya udambadiye prathirodhikkunnathinaayi orikkal veendum uyarnna kaalvinist protestant oordar uyarthippidikkaan muun vimathar poraadi. cameroniacarc sarkkaarin kooduthal shakthippeduthunnathinum yaakobaayude munnettam paraajayappedunnathinum vendathra samayam pidichunilkkaan kazhinju. meshakal ippol thirikkukayum kalapam paraajayappettukazhinjaal, scots gray polulla yoonittukalude kaikalil sarkkar nirbandhitha "samadhana" thinte erakalude anantharaavakaashikalaaya cameronianmaare malambradeshangale police cheyyaanum kramasamadhanam punasthaapikkaanum upayogikkukayum cheythu.
purathaakkappetta prasamgakaraaya joonn blackadder konventikkalukalil mathaparamaya chadangukal nadatthi. baas paarayile udambadi thadavukaar palarkkum konventikkalil pankedukkaan kuttam chumatthiyirunnu.
viplavathinu sheshamulla scotland.
scotland viplavathinum britiish simhaasanathilekkulla vilyam oof ooranchinte praveshanathinum sesham, englandumaayi bandhapetta oru sahishnutha niyamam pasaki, ithu vishwasthathayude prathijnjayedukkukayum muppathombathu artikkilukalile saidhaanthika vibhagangalil amgamaakukayum cheythavarkkethiraaya niyamangalude shikshakalil ninnu ozhivaakkiyirunnu. meating houseukal rajisttar cheyyendathundu, thudarnnu niyama samrakshanathinu keezhilaayi. skotlandil ellah adichamarthal nadapadikalum raddaki; punarudhaarana nibandhanakal eshtappedaatha chila cameronian viyojippukal undaayirunnengilum presbytarianism bharanakoodam athinte sabhaa medhaavithvathilekku oru paridhivare punasthaapichu. union aaktil scotland charchu sthaapikkunnathumaayi bandhapetta niyamanirmmaanathinu munbuthanne viplavathinu sesham skotlandil kooduthal sahishnutha undaayirunnu.
thaazhnna rajyangal.
roman catholica sabhayodu poruthappedaan nirbandhithanaakkaan netherlandsile speyinile philipp randaamante nishkarunam, deerghakaala shramathinide, ('yachakar') neethrthwathilulla protestant party avarude aaraadhanayude swatantra vyayaamam nirodhichu, udan thanne skotlandile athe swabhaavamulla feeld-athicheralukal raajyathudaneelam samghadippichu-bahishkarikkapetta mantrimar nadathukayum sayudha gaardukalum kaavalkkaarum chuttukayum cheythu.
france.
lui pathinaaraamante adichamarthal nadapadikalkkethire mathaswaathanthryam urappikkunnathinaayi hugunot kaamisaardukalude ('less enfants dii diu' ennu avar svayam vilikkunnathupole) veerochitha pooraattatthil fraansile thekkan jillakalilum ithe ramgangal avatharippikkappettu.oru ekeekritha fransinekkurichulla kardinal richelyoovinte kazhchappadil ninnu prachodanam ulkkondathum maadam dii maintenoninte (orikkal huganote) prachodanangalil ninnu prachodanam ulkkondathum mahanaaya prasamgakanaaya jackwus-benigne bosyoottinte vaagmithvathaal prothsaahippikkappedum. avarude feeld-konventikkalukale desert-reachings ennu vilichirunnu-yogangal saadhaaranayaayi nadakkunna vanyamaaya parvathapradeshangalile eakaantha sthalangalekkurichu vivarikkunna bybilil ninnu 'desert' enna peru kadameduthathaanu. udaaharanathinu, aantoyin kodathi guhakalilum kuzhikalilum thaamasikkumbol palliye nayichu. skotlandile alexander pedaneppole pooll raabout samanamaaya jeevithashailiyaan nayichathu. eee camisard othucheralukalude oru prathyekatha 'pravachakanmaar'-purushanmaarum sthreekalum, idaykkide kuttikal, pothuve valare vidyaabhyaasamillaathavarum palappozhum samsaarathino chinthaykko cheria sheshiyullavarumaaya-samsaarikkukayo samsaarikkukayo cheythathaayirunnu. tailar, dhii camisards, lunden, 1893).
jarmmani.
jarmman protestantisatthinte charithratthil peettisatthil konventikkil oru punk vahichu. philipp spinner anuyaayikalum sthaapicha eee samghadana karsanamaaya yaadhaasthithika lutheranmaarude ethirppine prakopippikkukayum frankfurtil police edapettathupole ganyamaaya aswasthathayundaakkukayum cheythu. eee konventikkalukalekkuri ellaatharam apavaadangalum vyaapakamaayirunnu, avayil chilath nadatthiya amithamaya aaveshakaramaaya reethi aaropanangalkk niram nalki. wurtembergil oru budhiparamaaya madhya gathi sweekarichu. lutheranisathinte mahathaaya thathwangal bahumanikkappetta konventikkalukalkk niyamaparamaaya anumathi labhichu, athesamayam kooduthal samoolamaaya sammelanangal nirodhichu.
nordic rajyangal.
philipp jacob spenner thante "piya decideria" yill atharam asosiyeshanukalkku ahvaanam cheythu, avaa jarmman ivaanchalikkal lutheran peettist prasthaanatthinte aditharayaayirunnu. orupakshe sammishra linga koodikkaazhchakalekkurichu aashanka kaaranam, laingika kramakkedum attimarikkunna vibhageeyathayum konventikkilukal aadyam mukhyadharaa lutheranisavum pinneedu avayude thudakkam muthal pathittaandukalkkullil peettistukalum apalapichu.
sweedenil, germmaniyil ninnu konduvanna peettist konventikkilukal-1689-ll thanne nilaninnirunnu, ithu samanamaaya ethirppine unarthi. unarthi konventikkil act purohithanmaarude nirddeshaprakaaram swakaarya bhakti yogangal anuvadichirunnuvenkilum saadhaaranakkaar nadathunna ellah konventikkalukalum nirodhichu. 1858ll sweeden, 1870ll finland ennividangalil 1809 vare eee niyamam raddaakkappettilla. finlandil, prathyekichu finnish unarvvu punarujjeevana prasthaanatthil, konventikkal adisthaana pravartthanamaayi thudarunnu.
denmark-norwake athintethaaya konventikkil act undaayirunnu, 1741-ll denmarkileyum norwayileyum kristhyan rajaavu araman samoolamaaya peettisatthe niyanthranathilaakkaan purappeduvichu. 1842 vare norway niyamam nilanirtthi; raddaakkaanulla moonnaamathe sramathinu sesham athu nirthalaakkappettu. 1848ll denmarkil eee niyamam audyogikamaayi raddaki. 
russia.
russiayil, yaadhaasthithika sabha sabhayude paramaadhikaaratthinte sthaanathu, aaa konventikkalukal nadannathaayi bharanakoodam amgeekarichu. aaraadhanaykkaayi swakaarya yogangalude swaathanthryam nishedikkappetta pazhaya vishwaasikal, standistukal, daukhoborukal thudangiya samsayathinum sathruthaykkum kaaranamaaya viyojip vibhaagangalkkethire sarkkar kaalaakaalangalil adichamarthal nadapadikal nirddeshichirunnu. ennirunnaalum, kurachukaalathekku sahishnuthayude manobhaavam athivegam valarunnathayi thonni, eathenkilum tharatthilulla anusaranamillaathavarkku, poleesinu thripthikaramaaya urappu nalkikkond, avarude amgeekritha reethi anusarichu aaraadhanayude swaathanthryam anuvadichirunnu.
jappan.
japanese kristhyan samaadhaanavaadiyaaya uchimura canso 1901-ll sabha ithara prasthaanam sthaapichu. 1979 aayappozhekkum ekadesham 35,000 aalukal jappanil ninnu thaayvaanilekkum dakshina koriyayilekkum vyaapicha eee prasthaanatthil ulppettirunnu.
america.
konventikkilukalude valarcha peettisavumaayum charismetic prasthaanavumaayum adutha bandhamullathaan. american lutheran sabhayil, prathyekichu, 17,18 noottaandukalile peettisatthil ninnu uthbhavicha konventikkalukalekkuri ganyamaaya charchakal nadannittundu. innathe lutheran mission sosaittikal, vanita sosaittikal, yoothu grouppukal, baibil padanangal, yadhaartha sabhaa sevanangalkkapuramulla group bhakti, lutheran praadhamika schoolukalum haiskoolukalum, sabhayumaayi bandhapetta jeevakaarunya, saahodarya samghadanakal ennivaye ellah tharatthilulla konventikkalukalaayi thompson visheshippikkunnu. sii prakaram. eph. dablyu. lutheran charchu-misauri sinadinte sthaapakanaaya waltherinu atharam prasthaanangale ethirkkukayo shradhaapoorvvam nireekshikkukayo cheyyendivannu, ithu praabalyatthil thudarunna oru munnariyippaanu.
nevilleyude abhipraayathil, celtic poorvvikar adhivasichirunna thekk polulla american samoohangalil valare saadhaaranamaaya outtdoor aaradhanayil celtic bhoomiyile konventikkalukalude paarambaryam kaanam. naadan paarambaryavum aachaaravumaanennu nevil ithine visheshippikkunnu. athirthi punarujjeevanangal, kudumba punarekeekaranangal, semiteri sevanangal, athupole thanne ettavum puthiya house charchu prasthaanam ennivayaanu conventicals edukkunna roopangalil ulppedunnathu.
mattu mathangalile konventikal.
smithinte abhipraayathil palli oru sabhaa sthaapanathekkaal oru konventikkalaanu. oru pourohithyathinte neethrthwathilulla oru samghadanayalla, marichu samoohathinte oru samrambhamaan palli. prathyekichum jamat khaana (allengil) oru konventikkilinte nilaye ekadeshamaayi kanakkakkunnu. kofmaante abhipraayathil, aadhunikakaala jootha sinagogukal pallikalumaayi saamyamullathaanenkil cheria meating sthalangale-dhaa,,, oor-konventik krameekaranangalayi visheshippikkaam.
aadyakaala mormon yogangale chilappol conventicals ennu vilikkaarundaayirunnu.

