japanese seen

bodhavalkkaranathinteyum samathvathinteyum dhyana pariseelanamaaya dhyaanathinu shakthamayi oonnal nalkunna yadhaartha chainees mahayana budhamatha sambradaayamaaya seen budhamathathinte japanese roopangale japanese seen soochippikkunnu. seen vakthaakkalude abhipraayathil, eee sambradaayam oraalude yadhaartha swabhaavathekkuricho allengil antharleenamaaya nilanilppinte shoonyathayekkuricho ulkkaazhcha nalkunnu, ithu oru swathanthramaaya jeevithareethiyilekku vazhi thurakkunnu.
charithram.
uthbhavam.
paarambaryamanusarichu, gauthama buddhan oru poovu uyarthippidichu mahaakasyapan punchirikkumbozhaanu seen indiayil uthbhavichath. eee punchiriyode dharmmathinte vaakkukalillaatha satha thanikk manassilayi ennu addeham kaanichu. eee reethiyil senninte randaamathe pithrusahodaranaaya mahaakasyapanu dharmam kaimari.
dhyana" ("dhyanam") enna samskritha padatthinte chainees lipyantharanamaaya "rr" ("chaan") ennathinte churukkapperaaya madhya chainees padamaaya "chaan" ("chaan") enna japanese uchaaranathil ninnaan seen enna padam uruthirinjathu. eiii. dii onnaam noottaandil indiayil ninnu chainayilekku budhamatham avatharippikkappettu. paarambaryamanusarichu, ekadesham 500 digri selshyasilaanu chaan avatharippichathu.iii. dhyanam padippikkunna oru indian sanyasiyaaya bodhidharman. senninte 28-aamathe indian pathriarchese aadyathe chainees paathriyarkkeesumaayirunnu addeham.
aadyakaala japanese seen.
653-656 c enna kaalathaanu seen aadyamaayi jappanil avatharippikkappettath.iii. asuka kaalaghattatthil (538-710 c.iii.), seen sanyasi niyanthranangalude koottam ippozhum nilavilillaattha samayathum budhamatha samanvayathe pariganikkathe arcum nirddesham nalkaan chaan maastezhs thayyarayirunna samayathum. dosho (τ τ, 629-700 c.iii.) 653 sii yill chainayilekku pooyi.iii.avidevechu addeham prashastha chainees theerthaadakanaaya suvaansaangil ninnu chaan padichu (sii. 602-664).iii.), addeham randaamathe chainees paathriyarkkeesinte sishyanaaya huikeyumaayi kooduthal poornnamaayi padichu.iii.). veettilekku madangiyethiya sesham, dosho hosso school sthaapikkukayum yogachaara thathwashaasthrathe adisthaanamaakki oru dhyana haal nirmmikkukayum cheythu. narah kaalaghattatthil (710 muthal 794 sii. vare).iii.), chaan maasttar, davo-suwan (τ, 702-760 c.iii.), jappanil ethi, addeham sanyasi gyohyo (<unk>, 720-797 c.iii.), avar saicho ( ettavum, 767-822 c.iii.), budhamathathile japanese tendaay vibhaagathinte sthaapakan. sii 804ll saiko tang chaina sandarshichu.iii. kammu chakravarty ayacha audyogika embassy bhaagamaayi (<unk>, 781-806 c.iii.). avide addeham budhamathathinte naalu shaakhakal padichu, athil chaan, thiandai ennivayulppedunnu, akkaalat athu addehathinu parichithamaayirunnu.
815ll chainees sanyasi yikong (<unk>) maasttar masu dioy (<unk>, 709-788 c) padippikkalukalude adisthaanathil chaante thekkan school vamshaavaliyude prathinidhiyayi jappan sandarshichappozhaanu sene oru swatantra sidhaanthamaayi sthaapikkaanulla aadya sramam.iii.), baishanginte (<unk>, 720-814 c.) upadeshtaavaayirunnu.iii.), seen sanyasi niyanthranangalude prarambha koottatthinte rachayithaavaanennu karuthappedunnu. 815 sii yill yikong ethi.iii. kizhakkan raajyathekku seen vyavasthaapithamaayi kaimaran parajayappettu. kyottoyilekkulla thekkan praveshana kavaadatthe samrakshikkunna prashasthamaaya rashoman gettil avasheshikkunna oru likhithathil ithu rekhappeduthiyittundu, chainayilekku madangaan purappettappol, prabalamaaya tendaay budhamatha schoolil ninnu thanikk neritta sathruthayum ethirppum kaaranam thante shramangalude vyarthathayekkurichu thanikk ariyaamenn yikong paranju. heyan kaalaghattatthil seen enthaayirunnu (794-1185 c.iii.) tendaay paarambaryatthil ulppeduthukayum athinu keezhppettirikkukayum cheythu. chaan padippikkalukalum sanbradaayangalum thudakkathil parichithamaaya tendaay, shinkon roopangalumaayi samyojippichirunnathil japanese senninte aadya ghattathe "samanvayippikkunna" ennu label cheythittundu.
kamakura (1185-1333 c.iii.).
panthrandaam noottaand vare jappanil oru prathyeka skoolaayi svayam sthaapikkunnathil seen budhimuttukal anubhavichu, pradhaanamaayum ethirppu, swaadheenam, adikaaram, tendaay skoolinte vimarsanam enniva kaaranam. kamakura kaalaghattatthil (1185-1333 c.iii.), nonin japanese mannil aadyathe swatantra seen school sthaapichu, ithu hraswakaalavum amgeekarikkaathathumaaya daaruma school ennariyappedunnu. 1189-ll nonin rund vidyaarthikale chainayilekku choo-aan teey-kwangine (1121-1203 c.iii.), koodaathe oru seen-maastaraayi noninte amgeekaaram aavashyappeduka. eee amgeekaaram nalki.
1168 sii.iii.isaay chainayilekku yaatra cheyyukayum athinusesham irupathu varsham tendaay padikkukayum cheythu. 1187 sii.iii. addeham veendum chainayilekku pooyi, jappanil rinsai school ennariyappedunna linji skoolinte oru praadeshika shaakha sthaapikkaan madangi. pathittaandukalkk sesham, (1235-1308 c.iii.) rinsaayiyude ettavum swaadheenamulla shaakhayaaya japanese ōtōkan vamsham sthaapikkunnathinu munbu chainayile linji padippikkalukalum padichu.
1215 sii.iii.aisaayiyude samakalikanaaya oru yuvavaaya dogan chainayilekku thanne yaatra cheyyukayum avidevechu addeham kavodong maasttar rujinginte sishyanaayi maarukayum cheythu. madangiyethiya sesham, dogan kaavodonginte japanese shaakhayaaya sotto school sthaapichu.
seen samuraayude jeevithareethiyumaayi poruthappedunnu bhayamillathe maranathe neridukayum swaabhaavikavum avabodhajanyavumaaya reethiyil pravartthikkukayum cheyyuka.
eee kaalayalavil anchu parvathavyavastha sthaapikkappettu, ithu rinsai skoolinte swaadheenamulla oru bhaagathe sthaapanavalkkarichu. kencho-jii, engaku-jii, jufuku-jii, jomyo-jii, jochi-jii enningane kaamakkurayile ettavum prashasthamaaya anchu seen shethrangal ithil ulppedunnu.
muromachi (allengil ashikaga) (1336-1573 c.iii.).
muromachi kaalaghattatthil rinsai school skoolukalil ettavum vijayakaramaayirunnu, kaaranam ithu "shogan" anukoolamaayirunnu.
gojan samvidaanam.
muromachi kaalaghattatthinte thudakkathil gojan sambradaayam poornnamaayum nadappakkappettu. avasana pathippil kyotto, kamakura ennivayude anchu shethrangal undaayirunnu. samvidaanathinte randaam nirayil patthu shethrangal ulppettirunnu. eee samvidaanam jappaaniludaneelam vyaapippikkukayum eee samvidaanam niyanthrikkunna kendra sarkkaarin phalapradamaayi niyanthranam nalkukayum cheythu. palappozhum vidyaasambannarum vaidagdhyamullavarumaaya sanyaasimaare samsthaanakaaryangalude bharanathinaayi "shogan" niyamichirunnu.
rinka-ashramangal.
ellah rinsai seen samghadanakalum ithrayum karsanamaaya samsthaana niyanthranathilaayirunni. nagarangalekkaal pradhaanamaayum graamapradesangalil sthithi cheythirunna rinka aashramangalkk kooduthal swaathanthryamundaayirunnu. daittoku-jiye kendreekarichulla ooo-tuu-qaan vamshathinum kooduthal swaathanthryam undaayirunnu. nampo jomio, shuho mayocho, kansan egen ennivaraanu ithu sthaapichathu. daittoku-jiyil ninnulla ariyappedunna oru adhyaapakan ikkyu aayirunnu.
mattoru rinka vamshavali hotto vamshamaayirunnu, athil bassui tokushoyaanu ettavum ariyappedunna adhyaapakan.
asuchi-momoyama (1573-1600 c.iii.), edo (allengil tokugawa) (1600-1868 sii.iii.).
oru yudhakaalathinushesham asuchi-momoyama kaalaghattatthil jappan veendum onnichu. ithu jappanil sakthamaaya rashtreeya, sainika shakthiyaayi marria budhamathathinte shakti kurachu. karsanamaaya bharanakooda niyanthranathinu keezhilaaya budhamathathinte chelavil navaa-confucianism swaadheenam nedi. lokathinte mattu bhaagangalilekkulla kavaadangal jappan adachu. dejima dveepil praveshippikkappetta dachukaar maathramaan vyaapaarikalkk anuvaadam nalkiyathu. puthiya sidhaanthangalum reethikalum avatharippikkendathaayirunna, puthiya shethrangalum schoolukalum undaayirunnilla. pathinezhaam noottaandil edo kaalaghattatthil chainees sanyasiyaaya ingen avatharippicha obakku vamshamaan eaka apavaadam. noorukanakkinu varshangalayi japanese shaakhayil ninnu verittu vikasippicha rinsaayiyude chainees thulyamaaya linji skoolile amgamaayirunnu ingen. angane, manchu raajavamshathinte pathanathetthudarnnu jappanilekku yaatra cheythappol, addehathinte padippikkalukal oru prathyeka skoolaayi kaanapettu. chainayile ingente vaasasthalamaayirunna obakku skoolinu eee peru nalki.
eee kaalaghattatthile prashastha seen maastezhs banki, basho, hackuin ennivaraanu. baankey yodaaku (?, 1622-1693 c.iii.) "valia samshayam" nayikkunna oru manushyante mikacha udaaharanamaayi maari. maatsuyo basho?1644-november 28,1694) oru mikacha seen kaviyayi. pathinettaam noottaandil hackuin ekkaakku?, 1686-1768) rinsai vidyaalayathe punarujjeevippichu. addehathinte swaadheenam valare valuthayirunnathinaal samakaalika rinsai vamshaavalikalellaam addehathil ninnaan.
meiji punasthaapanam (1868-1912 c.iii.), saamraajyathva vipuleekaranavaadam (1912-1945 c.iii.).
meiji kaalayalav (1868-1912 c.iii.) 1868 sii. yill nadanna oru attimarikk sesham chakravartthiyude adikaaram punasthaapichu.iii.. akkaalat paashchaathya vyaapaarathilekku thurakkaan jappan nirbandhithanaayi, athu swaadheenam cheluthukayum oduvil ellah sarkkar, vaanijya gadanakalum paashchaathya nilavaaratthilekku punasamghadippikkukayum cheythu. shinto audyogika samsthaana mathamaayi maarukayum puthiya bharanavumaayi poruthappedaan budhamatham nirbandhitharaakukayum cheythu. budhamathasthaapanam paashchaathyalokatthe oru bheeshaniyaayi kaanukayum, athine neridaanulla oru velluviliyaayi kaanukayum cheythu.
budhamatha sthaapanangalkku oru lalithamaaya thiranjeduppundaayirunnu poruthappedukayo nasippikkappedukayo cheyyuka. rinsai sotto senum poruthappedaan theerumaanichu, paashchaathya ulkkaazhchakalkk anusrithamaayi sene aadunikavalkkarikkaan shramichu, athesamayam oru japanese swathuam nilanirtthi. eee japanese swathuam nihonchinon thathwachinthayil, "japanese prathyekatha" sidhaanthathil vyakthamaakkappedunnu. japanese samskaarathinte savisheshathayaayi vishalamaaya vishayangal kanakkakkappettu. dii.tii. japanese samskaarathil seen athinte savisheshamaaya swabhaavam kaanikkunna eshyan aathmeeyathayude savisheshamaaya adayaalamaayi eduthukondu suzuki nihonchinon-philosophic sambhavana nalki.
sotto vibhaagam, rinsaayiyude pradhana shaakhakal, niravadhi prashastha adhyapakar ennivarulppede japanese seen sthaapanam japanese saamraajyathva sanbradaayathinte yuddha pravarthanangalkku pinthuna nalkaan ithu kaaranamaayi. sharf parayunnathanusarichu,
russia, chaina ennivaykkethiraaya yudhashramangalkkum oduvil pasaphik yudhakaalathum seen sthaapanam pinthunachu.
eee vishayathekkurichulla sradheyamaaya oru kruthi amerikkayil janicha sotto purohithanaaya bryan victoriyayude "seen attu vaar" (1998) aayirunnu. yudhaananthara anthaaraashtravaadathinum "lokasamadhaanam" prolsaahippikkunnathum peruketta chila seen maastezhs yudhaananthara varshangalile thuranna japanese desheeyavaadikalaayirunnuvenna addehathinte avakaashavaadangalilonn. udaaharanathinu sanbo kyodan skoolinte sthaapakanaaya hakun yasuthani randaam lokamahaayudhathinushesham yahoodavirudhavum desheeyavaadaparavumaaya abhipraayangal polum prakadippichu. prakadippichu victoriyayude 'seen attu vaar' prasidheekarichathinethu nadanna anthaaraashtra prathishedhangalkku sesham maathramaan sanbo kyodan eee pinthunaykku mapp paranjathu, eee edapedal seen skoolukalil maathram parimithappedutthiyittilla, kaaranam ellah yaadhaasthithika japanese budhamatha schoolukalum sainika raashtrathe pinthunachu. dii yekkurichulla victoriyayude prathyeka avakaashavaadangal. tii. sainikavaadathil suzukiyude pankaalittham mattu pandithanmaar valareyadhikam tharkkikkunnund.
poost-viai senekkurichulla vimarsanangal.
samakaalika japanese seen adhyapakaraaya harada daiyoon sogaku, shunryu suzuki ennivar japanese sene aupachaarikamaaya shoonyamaaya aachara sambradaayamaayi vimarshichu, athil valare kurachu seen pariseelakar maathrame yadhaarthathil saakshaathkarikkappettil. mikkavarum ellah japanese shethrangalum pithaavil ninnu makanu kaimaria kudumba bisinasukalaayi maariyennum seen purohithante pravartthanam pradhaanamaayum shavasamskara chadangukalilekku churukkiyennum avar avakaashappedunnu, eee aachaarathe jappanil sardonik aayi vilikkunnu. udaaharanathinu, shavasamskaaravum maranavumaayi bandhapetta kaaranangalal maathram 80 sathamaanam saadhaaranakkaarum shethrangal sandarshichathaayi sotto school sthithivivarakkanakkukal prasidheekarichu.
padippikkalukal.
buddha-prakrithiyum sooryathayum.
mahayana budhamatham "shoonyatha" enna soumyatha padippikkunnu, athinu senum oonnal nalkunnu. ennaal mattoru pradhana sidhaantham buddha-swabhaavamaanu, ellah manushyarkkum unaraan saadhyathayund enna ashayam. ellah jeevajalangalkkum budhaprakrithi undaayirikkanam, pakshe avaa unarnnittillaathidath kaalam ithu thirichariyaruthu. oru avashya prakrithiyude sidhaantham maarikkondirikkunna roopathinte lokathinu pinnil maattamillaatha oru avashya swabhaavamo yaadhaarthyamo undenna aashayathilekku eluppathil nayikkum.
eee rund sidhaanthangaludeyum vyathyasavum anuranjanavumaanu "lamkavathara soothra" thinte kendra vishayam.
kensho oraalude yadhaartha swabhaavam kaanuka.
oraalude yadhaartha swabhaavam kaanuka enna "kenshow", dainamdina jeevithathile eee ulkkaazhchayude aavishkaaramaaya "mujodo noow taigan" ennivayaanu rinsai senninte praadhamika lakshyam.
"oraalude yadhaartha swabhaavam kaanunnath" ennaal 'njaan' allengil 'svayam' ennonnum anivaaryamallennum nammude yadhaartha swabhaavam shoonyamaanennum kaanuka ennaanu ardhamaakkunnathu.
"dainamdina jeevithathile aavishkaaram" ennaal ithu oru chinthaparamaaya ulkkaazhcha mathramalla, nammude jeevitam eee niswaarthamaaya nilanilppinte prakadanamaanu.
seen dhyanam.
seen sassen, dhyanam sii ennivaykku oonnal nalkunnu.kyu. irikkunna sthaanathu dhyana. sottoyil, 'veruthe irikkunna' shikantasaykku oonnal nalkunnu, athesamayam rinsai manassine parisheelippikkaan koonn upayogikkunnu. sassen ennathinoppam, oraal poornna shradhayode nadakkunna "kinhin" enna nadattha dhyaanamund.
ulkkaazhcha sugamamaakkunnathin, oru seen adhyapakanu oru koonn nalkaan kazhiyum. yukthirahithamayi thonnunna, ennaal budhamatha padippikkalukalekkurillu sookshumamaaya paraamarshangal adangiyirikkunna oru hraswa kathayaanithu. oru koninte udaaharanam joshuvinte 'muu' aannu "oru sanyasi chodichu" oru naayaykk buddha swabhaavamundo?"joshu marupadi paranju" moo!""
seen-dhyanam lakshyamidunnathu japanese bhashayil "phu shirio", "hii shirio" ennivayil "chinthikkaathathaanu". shuu parayunnathanusarichu, yogakarayil "maanas" ennu vilikkunna rund vyathyastha vaijnjaanika pravartthanangale eee rund padangalum nishedhikkunnu, athaayath "manahpoorvamaaya" allengil svayam kendreekritha chintha, "vivechanaathmaka chintha" ("vikasa"). chinthikkaattha" ennathinu rund vyathyastha padangalude upayogam eee rund vaijnjaanika pravartthanangalude nishedhathekkurichulla vyaakhyaanathil soto rinsai thammilulla nirnaayaka vyathyaasathilekku viral choondunnu. rui parayunnathanusarichu, rinsai seen vivechanaathmaka chinthaye nishedhikkunna "hii shirio" yill aarambikkukayum "phu shirio" yill avasaanikkukayum cheiyunnu, manahpoorvamo swaashrayamo aaya chinthaye nishedhikkunnu; sotto aarambhikkunnath "phu shirio" yill ninnaan, athu "hii shirio" mattippaarppikkukayum agiranam cheyyukayum cheiyunnu.
samakaalika seen samghadanakal.
samakaalika jappaanile senninte parambaraagatha sthaapana paarambaryangal ("suu") sotto (), rinsai (), obakku () ennivayaanu. soto rinsai aadhipathyam pulartthunnu, athesamayam obakku cheruthaanu. iva koodaathe paashchaathya saadhaarana anuyaayikale aakarshicha aadhunika seen samghadanakalum undu, athaayath sanbo kyodan, phaas sosaitti.
sotto.
dhyaanathinum parisheelanathinteyum ulkkazhchayudeyum avibhajyamaaya swabhaavathinum sotto oonnal nalkunnu. athinte sthaapakanaaya dogan ippozhum angeyattam aadarikkappedunnu. sotoyude savisheshatha athinte vazhakkavum thuranna manassumund. padanathodulla prathibaddhatha prathekshikkunnilla, koodaathe pariseelanam swamedhayaa punaraarambhikkaan kazhiyum.
rinsai.
rinsai coone padanatthinum kenshoik oonnal nalkunnu. kshethrathinte amgeekaarathe adisthaanamaakkiyulla pathinanju sub schoolukal rinsai samghadanayil ulppedunnu. myoshin-jii, nansen-jii, tentue-jii, daittoku-jii, tofuku-jii ennivayaanu eee pradhana shethrangalil ettavum ariyappedunnathu. jeevithathinte oro secondilum karsanamaaya dhyaanavibhaagangalaanu rinsaayiyude savisheshatha. oru pariseelakan irikkunna dhyanam parisheelikkukayo, nadakkukayo, dhyanam cheiyukayo, jolie cheiyukayo, allengil pothusthalathu purathupokukayo cheiyukayo cheiyukayaanenkilum, oru rinsai vidyaarthiyude jeevithathile oro ghattathilum dhyanam prayogikkaam.
obakku.
samghadanaaparamaayi rinsai skoolinte bhagamaaya oru cheria shaakhayaanu obakku.
sanbo kyodan.
padinjaaru valare swaadheenamulla hakun yasoothaaniyaanu sanbo kyodan enna cheria japanese school sthaapichathu. philipp kaplau, taisan mesumi ennivaraanu eee skoolile prashastha adhyapakar. joko beck, tetsugan bernard glassman, prathyekichu oru dasaniladhikam dharma anantharaavakaashikale niyamicha dennis mersell thudangiya addehathinte dharma anantharaavakaashikaliloode maasumiyude swaadheenam kooduthal vyaapikkunnu.
phaa samooham.
shinichi hisaamaatsu sthaapicha oru vibhaagethara samghadanayaanu phaas sosaitti. sene aadunikavalkkarikkukayum aadhunika lokavumaayi poruthappedukayum cheyyuka ennathaanu ithinte lakshyam. europil jeff shoar, toonn laathoovezhs thudangiya adhyapakar vazhi ithu swaadheenam cheluthunnu.
paashchaathyalokathu seen.
aadyakaala swaadheenangal.
budhamathathinte oru vyathyastha roopamaayi senekkurich paashchaathyar aadyamaayi arinjathu eppozhaanu ennu kandethaan prayaasamaanengilum, 1893-ll loka matha paarlamentil japanese seen sanyasiyaaya soyan shaku chikkago sandarshichathu paashchaathya lokath athinte vyakthithvam vardhippicha oru sambhavamaayi palappozhum choondikkaanikkappedunnu. choondikkaanikkappedunnu avasaanathilum avasaanathilum thudakkathilumaanu eshyan kudiyettakkaarude pingaamikal ozhikeyulla senil gauravamaaya thaalparyam pulartthunna paashchaathyarude ennam ganyamaaya nilavaarathilethiyathu.
cudoyile seen swaadheenamulla aayodanakalayile parisheelanatthe vivarikkunna yoojan herigalinte "seen inn dhaa art oof aarchari" enna pusthakam paashchaathya lokathile aadyakaala seen pariseelakaril palarkkum prachodanamaayi. ennirunnaalum, yamada shojiyeppolulla niravadhi pandithanmaar eee pusthakatthe pettennu vimarshikkunnu.
dii.tii. suzuki.
seen budhamathathinte vyaapanathil ettavum swaadheenam cheluthiya eaka vyakthi dii. tii. suzuki. seen vidyaarthiyaaya addeham cheruppatthil thanne paashchaathya samskaaravumaayi parichayapettu. addeham senekkurich niravadhi pusthakangal ezhuthukayum athu paashchaathya lokath vyaapakamaayi vaayikkappedukayum cheythuvenkilum senekkurich ekapaksheeyavum amithamaya romaantik kazhchappadum nalkiyathinu addeham vimarshikkappettittundu.
1940ll senekkurichulla patanam thudaraan jappanilekku poya oru engleeshukaaranaayirunnu reginald hooras blaith (1898-1964). randaam lokamahaayudhasamayathu thadavilakkappetta addeham jaililvechu ezhuthaan thudangi. thadavilaayirunnappol addeham pinneedu sanbo kyodan vamshathile oru roshiyaayitheernna roobert aitkane kandumutty. yudhaanantharam kireedaavakaashiyude adthyaapakanaayirunnu blaith. saannidhyamund prasidheekaricha 5 vaalyangalulla "seen aandu seen klaasikkukal" aanu addehathinte ettavum valia kruthi. ivide addeham oru daarshanika veekshanakonil ninnu seen prameyangal charcha cheiyunnu, palappozhum thaarathamya manobhaavathil kristhyan gadakangalumaayi samyojippichu. daivam, buddhan, buddhahood", "seen, paapam, maranam" enniva addehathinte lekhanangalil ulppedunnu.
sene adikkuka.
britiish thathwachinthakanaaya alan whats seen budhamathathil adutha thaalparyam prakadippikkukayum prakadippikkukayum athinekkurichu vipulamaayi ezhuthukayum prabhashanam nadathukayum cheythu. bodhatthinte nigooda parivartthanatthinte oru vaahanamayum praayogikavum phine aarttukalum valarthiyedutha paashchaathyamallaatha, kristhyaaniyallaatha jeevithareethiyude charitraparamaaya udaaharanamaayum addeham sene manassilakki.
"jacq kerowack 1959ll ezhuthukayum prasidheekarikkukayum cheytha "dharma bums" enna noval, budhamathathodum senodumullah aakarshanam pradhaanamaayum padinjaaran theerathulla oru cheria koottam american yuvaakkalude bohemian jeevitashailiyil engane ulkkollunnu ennathinekkurichu vaayanakkaarkk oru nottam nalki. aakhyaathaavin purame, eee novalile pradhana kathaapaathram gaari sniderinte nerttha moodupadam chithreekaricha "jaafi rider" aayirunnu. aayirunnu 1956num idayil japanese ashramangalil thudarnnundaakunna aupachaarika seen padanangalkkaayi kaaliforniyayil snider thayyaaredukkumbol nadanna yadhaartha sambhavangale adisthaanamaakkiyullathaayinu katha.
kristhyan seen.
thomas merttan (1915-1968) oru catholica trappist sanyasiyum purohithanumaayirunnu. thante suhruthaaya dii.tii. ennirunnaalum, ellah aadhikaarikamaaya srishtiparavum aathmeeyavumaaya anubhavathilum kurachu seen undaayirikkanamennu merttan vishwasichu. merton suzuki thammilulla sambhashanam kristheeya misttisathinteyum senninteyum niravadhi samanvayangal paryavekshanam cheiyunnu.
1929ll jappanil oru missionaryaayitheernna oru jesuit aayirunnu hugo enomia-lasselle (1898-1990). 1956ll addeham harada dayoon sogakuvinoppam seen padikkaan thudangi. sente charithrathekkurichulla prashasthanaaya ezhuthukaaranaaya heinrich dumoulinte melnottakkaaranaayirunnu addeham. enomia-lasale paashchaathyare seen dhyaanathilekku parichayappedutthi.
catholica jesuit purohitan professor psychotherapistum vaitt plum vamshathile seen roshiyum aaya roobert kenneddy (roshi) kristhumathatthinu seen parisheelanatthinte gunangal ennu thaan visheshippikkunna niravadhi pusthakangal ezhuthiyittundu. 1965ll jappanil catholica purohithanaayi niyamithanaaya addeham addeham jappaanile yamada kauninoppam padichu. 1991ll vaitt plum asanga vamshathile seen adthyaapakanaayi niyamikkapetta addehathinu 1997ll 'roshi' enna padavi nalkappettu.
1989-ll, kristheeya praarthanayil seen upayogikkunnathinekkur catholica prashamsa rekhappeduthunna oru rekha vaattikkan puratthirakki. paatamanusarichu kraisthavarallaatha mathangal nirddeshikkunna reethikalonnum avar kristhyaanikalalla ennathinaal thallikkalayanavilla 
senum kalayum....
roobert emm ezhuthiya "seen aandu dhii art oof motorcycle maintainance". 1974 ll bestt sellaraaya pirsiginu vaasthavathil senumaayi oru mathaparamaya aachaaramaayum motorcycle attakuttappanikalumaayum yaathoru bandhavumilla. pakaram pradhana kathaapaathrathinte veekshanakonil ninnu "gunanilavaaram" enna metaphysics enna ashayavumaayi ithu bandhappettirikkunnu. pusthakam ezhuthumbol pirsig minnesota seen sentaril padikkukayaayirunnu. peru undaayirunnittum, "yaadhaasthithika seen budhamatha sambradaayavumaayi bandhapetta aaa valia vasthuthaparamaaya vivarangalumayi oru tharatthilum eee pusthakam bandhappedutharuthennu" addeham prasthaavichittundu. ithu yaadhaasthithika seen budhamatha sambradaayavumaayi bandhappettathallengilum, pirsiginte pusthakam vaasthavathil oru mathathilekko mathaparamaya samghadanayilekko shradha aakarshikkathe seen jeevithathinteyum seen maanasikaavasthayudeyum kooduthal sookshumamaaya pala vashangalum kaikaaryam cheiyunnu.
samakaalika ezhuthukaar palarum senum rakshaakarthruthvam, adthyaapanam, neethrthwam ennivayulppede mattu niravadhi vishayangalum thammilulla bandham paryavekshanam cheythittundu. neethrthwa thanthrangal vishadeekarikkaan seen storikalude upayogam ithil saadhaaranayaayi ulppedunnu.
kala.
europil, kalayile aavishkaaravaada, daada prasthaanangalkk koonn, yadhaartha seen ennivayekkurichulla padanavumaayi vishayaparamaayi valareyadhikam saamyamund. aadyakaala franch sarriyalist rene daumaal dii ennu vivarthanam cheythu.tii. suzukiyum samskritha budhamatha grandhangalum.
jappanil ninnu uruthirinja padinjaaran seen vamshaavalikal.
kazhinja ambathu varshamaayi kizhakkan eshyayil pariseelanam nediya adhyaapakarum avarude pingaamikalum nayikkunna mukhyadharaa seen roopangal padinjaaril veroonnaan thudangi.
america.
sanbo kyodan.
vadakke amerikkayil, sanbo kyodan sanbradaayathil ninnu uruthirinja seen vamshaavalikalaan ettavum kooduthal. 1954ll yasutani hakun sthaapicha jappan aasthaanamaayulla parishkaranavaadiyaaya seen grouppaanu sanbo kyodan, ithu padinjaaran senil kaaryamaaya swaadheenam cheluthiyittundu. sanbo kyodan seen praadhamikamaayi sotto paarambaryatthe adisthaanamaakkiyullathaanu, ennaal rinsai shailiyilulla koonn pariseelanavum ulkkollunnu. philipp kapleyude "dhii three pillezhs oof seen" (1965) enna pusthakathiloodeyaanu engleesh samsaarikkunna lokath senodullah yasoothaaniyude sameepanam aadyamaayi sradheyamaayathu, ithu paashchaathya prekshakare sene oru thathwashaasthramaayi mathramalla oru parisheelanamaayi parichayappedutthiya aadya pusthakangalilonnaanu. vadakke america, havaay, europe, nyoosiland ennividangalile sanbo kyodaanil ninnu uruthirinja seen grouppukalil kapliyo, roobert aitken, joonn taarant ennivarumaayi bandhappettava ulppedunnu.
hakuyu taisan mesumi sthaapicha vamshaavalikalum velutha plum asamgayumaanu ettavum vyaapakamaayath. susan myoyu aandezhsan, joonn diedo lurie, chosan bays, tetsugan bernard glassman, dennis mersell, nikkoli jiko mcmohan, john hogatsu hoberichs, charlot joko beck ennivaraanu maasumiyude pingaamikal.
sotto.
saan francisco seen sentar sthaapicha shunryu suzukkiyiloodeyaanu sotto praadhaanyam nediyathu. 1967ll bigg surinaduthulla parvathanirakalil amerikkayile aadyathe seen aashramamaaya tassajara kendram sthaapichu.
dainin kadagiri sthaapicha kadagiri vamshathinu madhya padinjaaril kaaryamaaya saannidhyamund. saannidhyamund senshuji sotto dauthyathil taisan mesumiyum dainin kadagiriyum purohithanmaaraayi sevanamanushtichirunnave shradhikkuka.
fraansil padippicha jappanil ninnulla sotto seen purohithanaayirunnu codo saavaakiyile vidyaarthiyaaya tysen desimaaru. addeham sthaapicha anthaaraashtra seen association ippozhum swaadheenamullathaayi thudarunnu. nyoo oorliyans seen temple aasthaanamaayi pravartthikkunna american seen association, desimaaru paarambaryatthil pravartthikkunna vadakke american samghadanakalilonnaanu.
1971ll soyu maattsuvoka long beach seen budhakshethravum seen sentarum sthaapichu, avide addeham 1998ll marikkunnathuvare thaamasichu. atlaanta, chikkago, loss enchals, siyaattil, washingtonile evaratt ennividangalile seen sentarukalude aasthaanamaayirunnu eee kshethram.
maattsuvoka niravadhi dharma anantharaavakaashikale srishtichu, avaril moonnu perr ippozhum jeevichirippundu, vamshavaliyil pramukha seen adhyapakara hogaku shosan mcguire, senkay thaayoon maikkal ellisttan sensi, kaittan joonn dennis govert.
gudo vaphu nishijima niyamikkunna oru sotto purohithanaan brad warner. addeham oru parambaraagatha seen adhyaapakanalla, pakshe senile thante blogukaliloode swaadheenamullayaalaanu.
rinsai.
dii vazhi rinsai padinjaaru praadhaanyam nedi.tii. suzuki sooan nakagavayudeyum addehathinte vidyaarthi aido shimanoyude vamshavum. sanbo kyodan sthaapicha hakun yasoothaaniyude dharma anantharaavakaashiyaaya yamada kaunumaayi sooan nakagaavaykku vyakthiparamaaya bandhamundaayirunnu. avar newyorkkil dhaay bosatsu sendo congo-jii sthaapichu. europil eedo shimanoyude dharma anantharaavakaashiyaaya egmund somer (dengo mortensen) sthaapicha hoveredal sendo undu.
kaaliforniyayil kiosan joshu sasaki roshi sthaapicha rinsai-jii, havayiyil omori sogen roshi sthaapicha chosan-jii, illinoyiyile chikkaagoyil dogan hosokawa roshi (omori sogen roshiyude vidyaarthi) sthaapicha daiyusenji, washingtonile siyaattil jenky takabeshi roshi sthaapicha chobo-jii ennivayaanu vadakke amerikkayile chila pramukha rinsai seen kendrangal.
yunaittad kingdom.
hakuyu taisan mesumi roshiyude vamshavali yukeyil vaitt plum samgha yuke prathinidheekarikkunnu.
maasttar reverend jiyu kennatt roshi kaaliforniyayile shasta abbeyude oru sahodari aashramamaayi throssel hole budhist abbe sthaapichu. ivide niravadhi chitharikkidakkunna prairikalum kendrangalumundu. jappaanile rund pradhana sotto seen shethrangalilonnaaya shoji-jiyil oru purohithayaayum seen maastaraayum jiyu kennatt enna engleesh vanitha niyamithayaayi. eee kramatthe budhamatha chinthakarude kramam ennu vilikkunnu. norvichu seen budhamathapraadhaanyamulppedu yukeyiludaneelam niravadhi affiliate cheytha shethrangalundu.
taisen desimaaru roshiyude vamshavali yukeyil isoukku (internaashanal seen association yuke) ennaanu ariyappedunnathu.
landanile seen sentar budhamatha samoohavumaayi bandhappettirikkunnu.
southu landanile oru rinsai school samghadanayaanu senvez. shinzan miyaame roshiyil ninnu dharma prakshepanam labhicha britiish adthyaapakanaaya daisan roshiyaanu ithinu neethrthwam nalkunnathu. 
yuke aasthaanamaayulla leeii chaan praakteeshanarmaarude oru samghadanayaanu vestten chaan fellowship. englandilum veyilsilum oru chaarittiyaayi rajisttar cheythittulla avarkk europilum, pradhaanamaayum norway, polandu, jarmmani, croatia, swittsarland, us ennividangalilum bandhangalund.

