kaal jii. mathsyathozhilaali

kaal graham fisher (januvari 12,1874-juulai 15,1939) oru american samrambhakanaayirunnu. automotive vyavasaayam, haiway nirmmaanam, riyal estettu vikasanam ennivayile oru pradhana vyakthiyaayirunnu addeham.
kudumbatthinte saambathika budhimuttukalum vaikalyangalum undaayirunnittum, indiaanayile thante aadyakaala jeevithathil addeham oru saikkil premiyaayi maarukayum sahodaranmaarodoppam oru mithamaaya saikkil kada aarambikkukayum cheythu. addeham saikkil racingle valarnnuvarunna american vahana vyavasayavumaayi bandhapetta niravadhi pravarthanangalilum earppettu. 1904ll kaal fisher addehathinte suhruthaaya jaims eiii. aalisan yuu. esil oru palisha vaangi.ezz. ekadesham 10 varshathinusesham saadhaaranamaaya electric modalukalude munnodiyaaya asattileen headlightukal nirmmikkunnathinulla pettant. taamasiyaathe, fishers sthaapanam yunaittad stetsile automobileukalil upayogikkunna mikkavarum ellah headlambukalum vitharanam cheythu, kaaranam aavasyam niravettunnathinaayi raajyathudaneelam nirmmaana plaantukal nirmikkappettu. 1913ll alison adhehavum thangalude kambaniyaaya prest-ooo-laitt union carbidine 9 dasalaksham dollarinu (2022ll 268 dasalaksham dollarinu thulyamaayathu) vittappol hedlight pettant addehathe oru automotive parts vitharanakkaaranenna nilayil sambannanaakki.
amerikkayile aadyathe automobile dealershippayi vishwasikkappedunna indianpolisil fisher pravartthikkukayum praadeshikamaayi oru automobile rays track vikasippikkukayum cheythu. standukalil svayam parikkettathinusesham, thaan prinsippalaayirunna puthiya indianpolis motor speedwayile suraksha paraajayathetthudarnnu, addeham pakka rays traakkukalum pothu roadukalum vikasippikkaan sahayichu. speedwayil addeham nadappaakkiya mechappeduthalukal athinte vilipperaaya "ishtikathottam" ennathilekku nayichu."
1912-ll fisher amerikkayiludaneelam automobilinte aadya rodaaya linkon haiway roopeekarikkukayum vikasippikkaan sahayikkukayum cheythu. eathaanum varshangalkk sesham yuu. esinte oru vaahanavyooham.ezz. fishers linkon haiveyile sainyam annathe lefttanantil valia swaadheenam chelutthi. kooll. dwait dii. varshangalkk sesham cheythu thante presidentinte kaalath antharsamsthaana haiway samvidaanathil vijayichukondu isenhover.
eest-vestt linkon haiveyude vijayathethudarnnu, fisher 1914 ll vadakkan-thekkan dixi haiveyil sramangal aarambhichu, ithu mishiganil ninnu miyaamiyilekk nayichu. addehathinte neethrthwathil, aadya bhagam oru varshathinullil poortthiyaakkukayum addeham oru automobile kaaravane indiaanayil ninnu floridayilekku nayikkukayum cheythu.
floridayile miyaamiyile dixi haiveyude thekke attathu fisher mattoru avasaram kandu. fisher, thante pankalikalaaya joonn graham makkeyudeyum thomas wacklinginteyum sahaayathode, miyaamikkaduthulla janavaasamillaatha oru barrier dveepinte riyal estettu vikasanathil earppettu. avar bhoomiyilum dredgingle nikshepam nadatthi, deed niyanthranangal prothsaahippichu, koodaathe miyami beach vikasippikkunnathin muun lummus, collins kudumba pioneermark valare aavashyamaaya pravartthana mooladhanam nalki. udaaharanathinu, miami miyaamiyilekkulla kadaltheeravumaayi bandhippikkunnathinulla aadya paalatthinte poorttheekaranatthinu mathsyathozhilaalikal dhanasahayam nalki. puthiya collins paalam dixi haiveyude terminasil nerittu biscain ulkkadal kadannu. kaarukal kadakkaan toll eedaakkiyirunnu. 
vaangi florida land boom, pathittaandukalaayi florida samskaarathil vamseeya pravrithi niyanthranangal earppeduthiyathinte ettavum ariyappedunna promotermaaril oraalaan fisher. 1926 septambarile chuzhalikkaattin munbu, uravidathe aashrayich addehathinte moolyam $50-100 dasalaksham aayirunnu. eee apratheekshitha kodunkaattu miyami beechine avashishtangalayi maatti. mathsyathozhilaalikalude saambathika sramangal orikkalum poornnamaayum veendedukkaanaayilla.
addehathinte adutha pradhana padhathiyaaya mondaukku vadakku miyami beach aayi vibhavanam cheyyappettu."newyorkkile long ailandinte kizhakkan attathaanu ithu sthithi cheyyendiyirunnathu. floridayile land-boom basttile mathsyathozhilaalikalude nashtam, 1929 leeii mahaamaandyam, vivaahamochanam, madyapaanam ennivayaal ithu kuranju.
thante sambathu nashtappettappol, miyami beechile oru cheria kudilil pazhaya suhruthukkalkkaayi cheria jolikal cheiyunnathaayi addeham kandethi. oru "pavapetta manushyante pinvaangal" enna lakshyathode addeham oru padhathi koodi etteduthu, caribean club oonn qee largo.". 1971ll addehathe automotive haal oof faimil ulppeduthi. miyami beechinu thekk, fisher ailand addehathinte perilaanu ariyappedunnathu, ithu amerikkayile ettavum sambannavum savisheshavumaaya paarppida pradesangalilonnaanu. mathsyathozhilaalikalil ninnu vangiya "pazhaya vaandarbilt estettu", munisippal chavattukutta ennivayude samyojanamaaya oru paazhsalilaanu ithu nirmmichirikkunnathu.
swakaarya jeevitam.
american aabhyantharayudham avasaanichu onpathu varshathinu sesham indiaanayile greensburgilaanu kaal fisher janichathu. koodaathe ida graham fisher. madyapaanam moolam budhimuttunna kaal pinneedu jeevithathil baadhicha oru prashnamaayirunnu, mathsyathozhilaali kuttiyaayirikkumbol pithaav kudumbam upekshichu. kadinamaaya aastigmattisam baadhicha kaal schoolil shradhikkaan budhimuttunnu, kaaranam thiruthaattha aastigmattisam ellah doorangalilum thalavedana, kannu mangal, mangiya kazhcha ennivaykku kaaranamakum. kudumbatthe sahaayikkaanaayi 12 vayassullappol addeham school upekshichu.
adutha anchu varshakkalam mathsyathozhilaalikal niravadhi jolikal cheythu. oru palacharakk kadayilum pusthakakkadayilum jolie cheythirunna addeham pinneedu greensburgill ninnu valare akaleyallaatha oru pradhana railway kendramaaya indianpolisil ninnu purappedunna trainukalil pathrangal, pusthakangal, pukayila, midaayikal, mattu vasthukkal enniva vittu. 1891ll addeham thante rund sahodaranmaarodoppam oru saikkil repire shope thurannu. vijayakaramaya oru samrambhakanaya addeham thante bisinesses vipuleekarikkukayum saikkil racingle pinneedu automobile racingle earppedukayum cheythu. niravadhi pramoshanal standukalil, roadukalil azhukkilum charal rodukalilum addehathinu idaykkide parikkelkkukayum ithu automotive suraksha savisheshathakalude aadyakaala developermaaril oralaayi maarukayum cheythu. indianpolisile ettavum uyaram koodiya kettidatthinte melkkoorayil ninnu oru saikkil veezhunnathu ulppedunna valare prachaarathilulla oru standu poleesumaayi ettumuttalinu kaaranamaayi.
1909-ll, thante prathisrutha variyumaayi audyogikamaayi vivaahanischayam nadathiyittum, fisher 15 vayassulla jaine vaattsine kandumuttukayum vivaham kazhikkukayum cheythu; fisherinu 35 vayassayirunnu. fisherinte muun prathisrutha varan vaagdaanam lamghichathinu addehathinethire kesedutthu. athesamayam, addehathinte puthiya bharyayaaya jaine taanum avarude madhuvidhu aaghoshathinaayi oru bisinus yaathraykk pooyi. 1921-ll, dambathikalkku oru kutty janichu, avar pyloric stenosis baadhichu oru maasam praayamullappol marichu. 1925-ll avar naalu vayassulla oru kutty dathedutthu; fisher visammathikkukayum 1926-ll dambathikal paareesil vivaahamochanam nedukayum cheythu. addehathinte muun bhaarya pinneedu moonnu pere vivaham kazhikkukayum vivaahamochanam nedukayum cheythu; avasana vivaahathin sesham avar thante peru jaine whats fisher ennu maattunnathinaayi kodathiyil pooyi, mathsyathozhilaaliyude vidhavayayi svayam visheshippichu. aval anganeyayirunnilla.
fisherinte randaam vivaham, addehathinte sekrattari maargarat elanor koliyarumaayullathu, addehathinte maranam vare neenduninnu. maargarat collier fisher addehathinte vidhavayaayirunnu, avar pinneedu howard dablyu. yeei vivaham kazhichu. mathsyathozhilaalikalude bisinus associate aaya liyon.
vahana bisinasukal.
1904ll kaal fisherey yuu. yuu. yude udama sameepichu.ezz. asattileen headlightukal nirmmikkunnathinulla pettant. aavasyam niravettunnathinaayi raajyathudaneelam nirmmaana plaantukal nirmmichathinaal amerikkayile automobileukalil upayogikkunna mikkavarum ellah headlambukalum fishers sthaapanam taamasiyaathe vitharanam cheythu. hedlight pettant addehathe oru automotive parts vitharanakkaaranenna nilayil sambannanaakkukayum sradheyamaaya oottoo magnattukalumaayi souhrudathilekku nayikkukayum cheythu. pankaali jaims eiii aayirikkumbol fisher dasalakshakkanakkinu sambaadichu. alison adhehavum avarude prest-ooo-laitt automobile headlamp bisinesses union carbidine vittu.
thante suhruthu barney ooldfeeldinoppam automobileukal vilkkunna bisinessilum fisher praveshichu. indianpolisile fisher automobile kambaniyaanu mikkavarum amerikkayile aadyathe automobile dealership. oldsmobile, rioo, packered, stodaard-dettan, stuts thudangiyavayude onniladhikam modalukal ithu vahichirunnu. fisher oru vipulamaaya pablisity standu nadatthi, athil addeham oru velutha stadard-dettan automobilil oru hoott eyar baloon gadippikkukayum kaar indianpolis nagarakendrathinu mukaliloode paratthukayum cheythu. aayirakkanakkin aalukal eee kazhcha kaanukayum mathsyathozhilaalikal vijayakaramaayi nagaratthilekku madangukayum athu thalkshanam maadyama senseshanaayi maarukayum cheythu. pothujanangal ariyaathe, looad laghookarikkunnathinaayi flying kaarinte enchin neekkam cheyyukayum mathsyathozhilaalikale nagaratthilekku madangaan anuvadikkunnathinaayi samanamaaya niravadhi kaarukal athine neridaan puratthekku valicheriyukayum cheythu. pinneedu addeham parasyam cheythu, "indianpolisinu mukaliloode paranna aadyathe automobile stodaard-dettan aayirunnu. ithu ningalude aadya vahanavum aayirikkanam."mattoru standu oru kaarine oru kettidatthinte melkkoorayil ninnu thallukayum thudarnnu athinte eedu prakadippikkunnathinaayi oodichukalayukayum cheiyunnu.
indianpolis estettu.
"blasom heath" indianpolisile mathsyathozhilaalikalude estettaayirunnu. 1913ll poortthiyaaya ithu addehathinte rund suhruthukkaludeyum indianpolis motor speedway pankalikalaaya jaims eiii. yudeyum estettukalkkidayila colled spring rodilaanu nirmmichathu. alison frank echu. wheeler. aaa veettil pazhaya veedinte chila bhagangal ulppedunnu, koodaathe divasam muzhuvan marangal kathikkunna 6 adii veethiyulla aduppulla 60 adii neelamulla oru leaving room undaayirunnu. 12 kidappumurikalum glass kondu pothinja oru valia sooryamukhavumundaayirunnu aaa veettil. mathsyathozhilaali estettinte thekk bhaagath ammaykkaayi oru veedu nirmmichu. anchu kaar garej, oru indor neenthalkkulam, oru pooloo kozhs, oru stable, oru indor tennies court, jimneshyam, oru harithagriham, vipulamaaya poonthottangal ennivayum estettil ulppedunnu. 1913 februvari 2-leeii oru pathra lekhanam veedinte lalithamaaya anthass vivarichu. thante chila suhruthukkalil ninnum ayalkkaaril ninnum vyathyasthamayi, mathsyathozhilaali thante priyappetta niramaaya manjayil alankaricha oru valia ennaal lalithamaaya veedu nirmmichu. athil videsha marappani, vipulamaaya kothupanikal, vipulamaaya alankaarangal enniva undaayirunnilla.
1928ll mathsyathozhilaalikal miyami beechilekku sthiramaayi marria sesham, indianpolisile mathsyathozhilaali estettu paattatthinu edukkukayum pinneedu aankuttikalkkayi paarkk school vaangukayum cheythu. cheythu mathsyathozhilaali bhavanathinu theepiduttham sambhavikkukayum veedinte pinbhagam polichumaattukayum <aii. dii. 1> samayat oru klaas room wing sthaapikkukayum cheythu. cheythu eee vasthu marian colleginu vilkkukayum aduthulla rund estettukalumaayi chernnu oru kaambasilekku maattukayum cheythu. innu, mathsyathozhilaalikalude yadhaartha kettidangalonnum marian koleju kaambasil avasheshikkunnilla.
oottoo racing.
1909ll mathsyathozhilaalikal oru puthiya padhathiyil indianpolis bisinasukaarude oru koottathodoppam chernnu. arther sii. nyubi (deseeya president), frank echu. wheeler (wheeler-shebbler carburettarinte nirmmaathaav), jaims eiii. alison (prest-ooo-laittile pankaali) addeham ippol indianpolis nagarathaal chuttapetta indianpolis motor speedway maariyathil nikshepam nadatthi. 1909 augustil nadanna aadyathe automobile malsaram duranthatthil avasaanichu. ayanja paarappatha niravadhi apakadangalkkum theepiduthangalkkum rays kaar drivermark kaanikalkkum gurutharamaaya parikkukalkkum maranathinum kaaranamaayi. pakuthi maathrame poortthiyaakkiyulloovennu karuthi malsaram nirthukayum raddaakkukayum cheythu.
thadassamillaathe, mathsyathozhilaalikal nikshepakare 3.2 dasalaksham melkoora ishtikakal sthaapikkaan bodhyappedutthi, ithu "ishtikathottam" enna prashasthamaaya vilipperilekku nayichu. (ithu ippozhum nilanilkkunnundenkil pinneedu ithu veendum prathyakshappettu.) speedway veendum thurakkukayum 1911 meyy 30 nuu smaaraka dinathil 80,000 kaanikal oru dollar praveshanathinu (kettidangalum marangalum kaanunnathin aayirakkanakkin aalukalkk shambalam nalkaathe) nalkukayum 500 mile (800 kilometer) dairkhyamulla ivant kaanukayum cheythu, ithu indianpolis 500 ennariyappedunna neenda nirayile aadyathethaanu.
linkon haiway.
1913-ll, american jeevithathil automobilinte swaadheenam munkootty kanda kaal fisher, newyork nagaratthe saan fraansiskoyumaayi bandhippikkunna amerikkayiludaneelamulla aadyathe rodaaya linkon haiveyude aasoothranam, vikasanam, nirmmaanam ennivayil nirnaayaka punk vahichu. mechappettathum kadinavumaaya uparithala rodaaya highwake ekadesham 10 dasalaksham dollar chelavu varumennu mathsyathozhilaalikal kanakkakki. saha vyavasayikalaaya frank seaberling henry boonn joiyum chernnu linkon haiway association roopeekarichu avarude prachaarana vaidagdhyam upayogichu mathsyathozhilaalikale sahayichu. henry foord kadutha ethirppu prakadippicha eee nayathinu vahana nirmmaathaakkalil ninnum vitharanakkaaril ninnumulla sambhaavanakalaan haiveyude bhooribhaagavum nalkiyathu.
muun yuu.ezz. president theodor roosvelttum thomas eiii. mathsyathozhilaalikalude suhruthukkalaaya edison chekkukalum annathe president vudro willson ayachukoduthu, avar aadyathe yuu.ezz. sammarda-aashvaasam relaxation raidukal ennu visheshippikkappedunnathu president idaykkide oru automobile upayogikkum.
1919ll onnaam lokamahaayudham avasaanikkumbol yuu.ezz. sainyam linkon haiveyil aadyathe bhookhandaanthara motor vaahanavyooham nadatthi. yuva sainika udyogastharil oralaaya dwait david isenhover, annu oru lafttanant aayirunnu. 1952ll american aikyanaadukalude prasidantaayappol antharsamsthaana haiway samvidaanathinte nirmmaanatthe pinthunacha anubhavathinte bahumati kenal nalki.
dixi haiway.
aduthathaayi kaal fisher thante shradha mishigante mukal upadveepil ninnu thekkan florida vare vyaapichukidakkunna vadakku-thekk roottukalude shringalayaaya dixi haiway srishtikkunnathilekku thirikkukayum athu thante swantham samsthaanathullavarkku thekkan floridayil avadikkaalam chelavazhikkaan anuyojyamaaya maargam nalkumennu addeham karuthukayum cheythu. 1916 septambaril fisher aandu indiana govarnor saamuval emm. indianpolisil ninnu miyaamiyilekkulla rooad thurakkunna oru aaghoshathil raalstan pankedutthu.
miyami beach.
bhaavi nagaramaya miyami beach mathsyathozhilaalikalude adutha valia padhathiyaayi maari. 1910-ll miyaamiyilekkulla oru avadhikkaalathu, myamikkum samudrathinum edayilulla chathuppunilavum keedabaadhayullathumaaya karayil addeham saadhyathakal kandu. munkaala pioneermark pravartthana mooladhanavum ashayangalum aavasyamaanennu addehathinu ariyamaayirunnu. kandalkkadukaludeyum kadaltheerangaludeyum bhoopradesam thante automobile-vyavasaya suhruthukkalkku anuyojyamaaya avadhikkala lakshyasthaanamaakki addehathinte manass maatti. adhehavum bharya 1912ll avide oru avadhikkala veedu vaangukayum addeham bhoomi ettedukkaan thudangukayum cheythu. miyami beach enna peru addeham kandupidichillenkilum addeham athu janapriyamakki. lummus sahodaranmaare pinthudarnnu addeham miyami beechil randaamathe plait nirmmichu.
fisher adisthaana soukaryangalil thante vivekapoornamaaya nikshepam thudarnnu. miamikkum miyaamiyude beechaayi marria barrier dveepin edayilulla biscain ulkkadalinu kurukeyulla collins paalam joonn ezz aanu nirmmichathu. collins (1837-1928), nyoojezhsiyil ninnulla oru muun karshakan developer. appol 75 vayassulla collinsinu thante paalam poortthiyaakkunnathinu munbu thanne panamillathaayi. mathsyathozhilaali bhoomi vyaapaarathinaayi panam addehathinu kadam nalki. puthiya mile (4 kilometer) thadi toll paalam 1913 juun 12 nuu thurannu.
vishalamaaya paarppida dveepukal srishtikkunnathinaayi mathsyathozhilaalikal biscain ulkkadalinte dredginginu dhanasahayam nalki. pinneedu addeham eee pradeshathu sthiramaaya thaamasasthalam vaangaan sambannareyum prashastha varenyareyum aakarshikkunnathinayi flummingo hotel ulppede niravadhi adambara hotelukal nirmmichu.
automobile yaathrayil arppanabodhamullayaalaane, akkaalathe sambannaraaya vinodasanchaarikal palappozhum railway vazhi thekkukizhakkan floridayilekku deerghadooram kadakkaan eshtappedunnuvennu mathsyathozhilaalikalkk ariyamaayirunnu, ithu chila kudumbangal varshangalkk munbu henry emm enna peril aarambhicha oru paarambaryamaanu. flagler florida eest koost railway (eph. iii. sii) sent. augustin, paam beach, oduvil fekkinte thekkan terminasaaya miyami, avide addeham ariyappedunnathum pinneedu kuprasidhavumaaya royal paam hotel nirmmichu.
resort hotelukalude miyami beechinte saadhyathakal vikasippikkunnathin, mathsyathozhilaalikalkk miyaamiyile phek railway steshanil ninnu oru gathagatha kanakshan aavasyamaanu.
addeham vikasippicha pariharam electric street railway samvidaanamaaya miyami beach railway aayirunnu, athu electric sevanam nalkuka enna adhika uddeshyam niravettunnu. mattu nikshepakarum adhehavum chernnu miyami beach electric kambaniyum miyami beach railway kambaniyum roopeekarichu. 1920 desember 14 nuu sarvees aarambhicha ithu mayaamiyude swantham trolley samvidaanavumaayi trackukal pankitta dauntaun mayamiyil ninnu kaundi kosweyilekku (randaam lokamahaayudhathinu sesham mccarther cosway ennu punarnaamakaranam cheyyappettu) oodi. biscain bay kadannu miyami beechilekku ethiya sesham 47-aamm streetinu thekkulla miyami beechinte bhaagathinu chuttum trackukal valanju. 1926 oode florida power laittum fisher street kaar samvidaanam ettedukkukayum athu vipuleekarikkukayum koswake kuruke line eratta track cheyyukayum cheythu. vaidyutha sevanangalude vilppana amerikkayiludaneelam oru valarchaa vyavasaayamaayirunnuvenkilum, muzhuvan vyavasaayathodoppam street railway bhaagavum thakarchayude kaalaghattatthilekku pooyi. 1939 october october miyami beechinum miyami beechinum edayilulla ellah reyil sarveesukalum avasaanippichu.
sambannar avadikkaalam chelavazhikkaan vannappol, puthiya street railway epha. iii. siyumayi bandhippichirunnuvenku, kurachu perr maathramaan bhoomi vaangukayo veedukal nirmmikkukayo cheythath. yuu.ezz. floridayil mathsyathozhilaalikalkk vendi vibhavanam cheytha avadhikkala sthalavum veedukalum pothujanagalkk pidikkaan mandagathiyilaayirunnu. miyami beechile addehathinte nikshepangal phalam kandilla, kuranjathu varshangalkk munbu indiaanayil nannayi pravarthicha thante promotional kazhivukal veendum upayogikkunnathuvare.
puthumayulla promoter fisher miyami beechilekku shradha aakarshikkanulla sramangalil ashraanthanaayi kaanapettu, pbs vivaricha oru katha. pathra photographermark priyappetta "rossie" enna peril oru anakutty mathsyathozhilaali svanthamaakkiyirunnu. 1921-ll, presidentaayi thiranjedukkappetta vaaran hardingine avadikkaalam aaghoshikkunnathinaayi "goalf cady" aayi sevanamanushtikkunna rosiyude pramoshanal "foto-opu" ennu innu vilikkappedunna raajyathudaneelam addehathinu soujanya pracharanam labhichu. vella beechukalum neela samudrajalavum aaswadikkunna kulikkunna sundarikalude parasyabordukal raajyathudaneelam prathyakshappettu. times squareil "ithu miyaamiyile juun" ennu prakhyaapikkunna oru valia, prakashamulla adayaalam polum mathsyathozhilaali vaangi.
vaangi florida land boom samayat, amerikkakkar avarude automobileukalum pakka dixi highway kandethiyathode riyal estettu vilppana aarambhichu, ithu oru yaadrishchikathayumillaathe collins paalatthinte paadatthilekku nayichu. 1920ll aayirathil thaazhe varshangalolam thaamasichirunnavar miyami beechil thaamasichirunnu. adutha anchu varshathinullil miyami beach pradeshathe thaamasakkaarude ennam vardhichu. riyal estettu vaangukayum vilkkukayum cheiyunnathil sambannaraakaamenna pratheekshayil raajyathudaneelamulla aalukal southu floridayilekku ozhukiyethi. ooranchu thoppukalum chathuppunilangalum upavibhagangalaayi vibhajikkukayum vilkkukayum vikasippikkukayum cheythappol sambathu nirmmikkappettathinte kathakal avar veettilekku ayachu.
collins paalathinu dhanasahayam nalkaan sahaayicha kaimatta kala mathsyathozhilaalikalkk valia samthrupthiyude uravidamaayirunnu. ippol malsyabandhana dweep roopappedunna mattonn addeham daana aaaa yill ninnu vaangiyirunnu. thekkan floridayile aadyathe aafrikkan american kodeeswaranaaya dorsey 1919-ll avide chila vikasanangal aarambhichu. anchu varshathinu sesham, addeham ezhu ekkar malsyabandhana dweep prashasthavum sambannavumaaya vaandarbilt kudumbatthile vilyam kissam vaandarbilt randaamanu, randaamathethinte 150 adii neeravi yaatt "eegil" ennathinaayi kaimari. vaandarbilt eee vasthu upayogichu, pinneedu 13 ekkaraayi vikasippichu, miyami beechile ettavum mikachathinekkaal kooduthal aadambaravum savisheshavumaaya oru enclave srishtikkaan.
1924ll mathsyathozhilaalikal nirmmicha miyami yaachu club pinneedu oru swakaarya bhavanamakki maatti, athu 2017ll vipulamaayi naveekarichu; 2018 meyy maasathil 65 dasalaksham dollarinu eee vasthu vipaniyilethi.
1926 aayappozhekkum mathsyathozhilaalikalude moolyam srothassine aashrayich $50-100 dasalaksham aayirunnu. addehathinu jeevithakalam muzhuvan saambathikamaayi surakshithanaayirikkaamaayinu. surakshithanaayirikkaamaayinu grettu miyami chuzhalikkaatt, madyapaanam, nashtavum grettu depression enniva addehathe pinthirippichu. oru puthiya aashayathin eppozhum thayyaraya mathsyathozhilaali oru padhathiyil ninnu mattonnilekku maarunnathil prashasthanaayirunnu. vijayamo paraajayamo orikkalum puthiya enthengilum sramikkunnathil ninnu addehathe thadanjilla. 1947-leeii thante pusthakatthil, addehathinte muun bhaarya jaine whats fisher, addeham oru ghattathil vegatha kuraykkumennu pratheekshichappol, "enikku samayam edukkaan samayamilla" ennu marupadi nalkiyathaayi udharichu."pakaram, addeham thante prachaarana sramangal vadakkott mattoru puthiya padhathiyilekku thirichuvittu.
mondaukku, long ailand.
1926ll mathsyathozhilaalikal "vadakku miyami beechil" jolie cheyyaan thudangi. newyorkkile long ailandinte kizhakkan attathulla mondaukkile addehathinte padhathi floridayude vikasanathinu oru choodulla season prathiroopam nalkuka ennathaayirunnu. naalu koottaalikalum adhehavum chernnu oru adambara hotel, oafees kettidam, mareena, akarshanangal enniva vaangukayum nirmmikkukayum cheythu. adambara mondaukku menarum oru yaachu clubb ulppede 30 oolam tudor shailiyilulla kettidangal avar nirmmichathaayi oru srothass prasthaavichu."
padhathi roadukal nirmmikkukayum nazhsarikal nattupidippikkukayum jala paippukal sthaapikkukayum veedukal nirmmikkukayum cheythu. addeham mondaukku maanar nirmmichu, athu innum oru adambara resortaayi nilanilkkunnu (valathuvashath chithram). mondaukku tennies audittoriyavum addeham nirmmichu.
mathsyathozhilaalikal neritta saambathika thirichadikal kaaranam, mondaukku padhathi 1932-ll reseavershippilekku pooyi. addehathinte bhaarya jaine parayunnathanusarichu, mondaukku "kaarlinte aadyathethum eaka paraajayavumaayirunnu", ennaal mathsyathozhilaalikalkk ettavum valia nashtam sambhavikkunnathin munbu avar marichu.
ekadesham 100 adii uyarathil mondaukkinte madhyathilaanu kaal fisher gopuram sthithi cheiyunnathu.
pinneedulla varshangal.
1925ll mathsyathozhilaalikalude sambathu 50 dasalaksham dollariladhikam aayirunnuvennu kanakkaakkappettirunnu. pilkkala varshangalil addeham valareyadhikam kadam vaangukayum 1926 septambarile chuzhalikkaatt miyami beechinte valiyoru bhaagathe nasippikkukayum vinodasanjaaram kuraykkukayum cheythu. addehathinte riyal estettu samrambhangalile nashtavum nashtavum thakarchayum mathsyathozhilaalikale phalatthil panamillaathavaraakki. "oru pbs report anusarichu, fishers financial house oof cards thakarnnuthudangi, 1929 leeii ohari vipani thakarcha (mahaamaandyam pinthudarnnu)" "mathsyathozhilaalikalude vidhi mudravachu".
oru srothass soochippikkunnathu, addehathinte maranathinu munbulla varshangalil, mathsyathozhilaali miyami beechile oru mithamaaya kudililaanu thaamasichirunnathu ennaanu.
1938-ll thante avasana padhathiykkaayi, fisher sambannarallaatha purushanmarkkaayi oru fishing klabbaya qee largoyude caribean club vikasippikkukayum nirmmikkukayum cheythu. addeham marichathinushesham club oru casino aayi maari. reportukal undaayirunnittum, 2014 ll poortthiyaakkiya gaveshanamanusarichu, 1948 ll "qee largo" avide chithreekarichathaayi thelivukalonnumilla.
kaal jii. madyapaanam vardhippicha deerghakaala rogathethudarnnu miyami beach ashupathriyil vayarile rakthasraavathe thudarnnu 1939 juulai 15 nuu 65-aamm vayassil fisher marichu. barney oldfield, vilyam vaandarbilt, gaar wood enniva addehathinte paal vahichavaril ulppedunnu. indianpolisile kraun hill semitheriyile kudumba shavakudeerathil addehathe samskarichu.
paarambaryamaayi.
1939 juulai 15 nuu, "miyami dinapatra vaarthakal" mathsyathozhilaalikalude chathuryam swaadheenamullathaanennum muun miyami beach pioneermark maarganirdesam nalkiyittundennum soochippichu, addehathe samgrahikkunnu "kaal jii. oru chathuppunilatthe nokki raajyathe ettavum valia shaityakaala kalisthalam drishyavalkkaricha mathsyathozhilaali... addeham orikkal paranju, "enikku eluppathil oru kannukaali valarthal aarambhikkaamaayirunnu."
floridayude oru pioneeraayi mathsyathozhilaaliye eee vaakkukalode will rogezhs oormmippichu vellathinadiyil manal undennu kandethiya aadya manushyan mathsyathozhilaaliyaanu...[oru riyal estettu adayaalam nilanirthaan kazhiyunna manal. addeham dredge floridayude deseeya chihnamakki.
ezhuthukaaranum miyami beach charitrakaaranumaaya howard clainberg mathsyathozhilaaliye ingane visheshippichu "ningal mathsyathozhilaaliyude jeevithakalam muzhuvan nokkukayaanenkil, athu oru maarathan aanu. athoru malsaramaanu. akkaalat addeham eathu feeldilaayirunnaalum athil onnamathethaanulla malsaramaayirunnu athu. addeham cheythathellaam thante hridayathodum athmaavodum panathodum koodi athilekku pooyi, avasaanam vare addeham nirtthiyilla. ettavum vegathilum aadyathilum avide ethaan addeham aagrahichu... 1947ll addehathinte muun bharyayaaya jaine fisher (1909ll addehathe vivaham kazhikkukayum 1926ll vivaahamochanam nedukayum cheytha) addehathinte jeevithathekkurichu oru pusthakam ezhuthi. "fanision hoosier" prasidheekarichathu aarr.emm. mcbride aandu qoo. aval ezhuthi avan ellah vegathayum ullavanaayirunnu. addeham orikkalum panathekkurichu chinthichittundennu njaan vishwasikkunnilla. addeham dasalakshakkanakkinu sambaadichu, pakshe avaa akasmikamaayirunnu. addeham palappozhum parayaarundaayirunnu, "enikku azhukk parakkunnath kaanaanaan ishtam."
vellakkaar maathram" swath karar niyanthranangalum shaareerika vamseeya verthirivum prolsaahippikkuka ennathaayirunnu addehathinte ettavum vijayakaramaya riyal estettu ashayangalil onnu. floridayile miyami beach enna ariyappedaatha oru barrier dveepil "sambannarkkaayi oru mcca srishtikkuka" ennathaayirunnu mathsyathozhilaalikalude lakshyam. mathsyathozhilaalikalude aakramanathmaka swaadheenathil, mayami beach oru sooryaasthamaya pattanamayi maari, iruttinushesham varnnavargakkaare tamasicano dveepil tamasicano polum anuvadichilla. ithu miyami beechinte bhawana reethikalilum janasamkhyaashaasthrathilum shaashvathamaaya swaadheenam chelutthi. munkaalathe "vijatheeyar maathram" nayangalil ninnu pinmariya addeham thante miyami beach holdingukalkkaayi mooladhanathinaayi vella jootha nikshepakarude sahayam thediyenkilum, "vellakkaar maathram" miyami beach enna thante thathwachinthayil addeham orikkalum pinmariyilla.
1952ll kaal graham fisherine indianpolis motor speedway haal oof faimilum 1971ll automotive haal oof faimilum ulppeduthi. 1998ll pbs mathsyathozhilaalikalekkura "misttar" enna peril oru paripadi nirmmichu. american experience" parambarayude bhaagamaayi miyami beach.
addehathinte peril indiaanayile speedwayil kaal jii enna peril oru school undu. fisher primery school.
mahanaaya floridiyanmaarude pattikayil mathsyathozhilaalikalude peru ulppeduthiyittundu.
2018ll amerikkayile motorsports haal oof faimil addehathe ulppeduthi.
paraamarshangal.
kurippukal
grandhasoochika

