
colonia saan raffel

charitraparamaaya nagarakendrathinu padinjaaru meksikoo nagaratthile cuhetemoc baroyile oru coloniayaanu colonia saan rafale. pathonpathaam noottaandinte avasaanathil nagarakendrathinu purathulla aadyathe aupachaarika ayalpakkangalilonnayi ithu sthaapithamaayi, thudakkathil porpherio dias kaalaghattatthile sambannarkku ithu nalki. eee aadyakaala nivaasikal valia maalikakal nirmmichu, avayil palathum franch swaadheenamullavayaayirunnu, avayil palathum ippozhum avasheshikkunnu. madhyavarga nivaasikal taamasiyaathe thamasam maarukayum irupathaam noottaandil kettidanirmmaanavum punarnirmmanavum niravadhi vasthuvidyaa shailikal avatharippikkukayum cheythu. eee kettidangalil luis baaraagante aadyakaala srishtikalil chilath ulppedunnu, innu 383 ennam charitraparamaaya moolyamullathaayi tharamthirickunnu.
1940kalilum 1950kalilum eee pradeshathu niravadhi pradhana thiyettarukalum sinima thiyettarukalum undaayirunnu. mikka sinima thiyettarukalum adachupoottiyenkilum patthu pradhana steju theaterukal avasheshikkunnu, aazhchayil ezhu divasavum prakadanangalundu. nagaratthinte thekk bhaagathulla saan angel ayalpakkathullathupollu mattu vipanikalkku prachodanamaaya jardine dell arte sanday art maarkkattinte aasthaanamaanu colonia. sambannaraaya nivaasikal vittupoyathinaal maalikakal upekshichathode colonia kshayichukondirunnu. ennirunnaalum, aduthide yuva kalakaaranmaarum gaalarikalum eee pradeshathekku mariyathinaal kolaniyayude vikasanathil oru kuthichuchaattam undaayittund. pala kalakaaranmaarum kolaniyaaya saan raafeline trendy colonia contessa allengil colonia romayekkaal chelaveriyathum axus cheyyaavunnathum kooduthal chalanaathmakavumaanennu kandethiyittundu.
sthalam.
koloniayude athirthikal roopappedunnathu thaazhepparayunna theruvukaliloodeyaanu thekk sullivan paarkk vazhiyum, vadakku ribera dii saan kosme, kizhakk avenida vimathar, padinjaaru sarcuto interior melcher ocambo. colonia 53 sitti blokkukalum ekadesham 24,000 nivaasikalulla 105.32 hector ulkkollunnu. colonia bhookamba naashanashtangalkk valare vidheyamaayi kanakkaakkappedunnu. eee theruvukalellaam eee pradeshatthinte vadakkan athirthi roopappeduthunna tirakkeriya idanaazhiyaaya ribera dii saan kosmeyumaayi cherunnu.
vaasthuvidya landmarkkukalum.
niravadhi vasthuvidyaa shailikal upayogikkukayum samyojippikkukayum cheytha porpherio dias kaalaghattatthilaanu (1870 muthal 1910 vare) kolaniyayude vikasanathinte bhooribhaagavum sambhavichathu. sambannaraaya meksikoo nagaravaasikalude manoharamaaya swakaarya veedukalaanu aadyakaala nirmmanangalil ulppettirunnathu. itharathilulla bakkiyulla veedukalil bhooribhaagavum saadi carnot, sarapio rendon, rossa moreno thudangiya theruvukalil kaanam. ivayil palathum colonia romayil kaanappedunnathin samanamaaya franch shailiyilulla maalikakalaan. thudarnnulla vikasanavum punarvikasanavum irupathaam noottaandile avasheshikkunna ellah vasthuvidyaa swaadheenangalum chertthu. 1920kalil ninnu eph polulla jyaamitheeya alankaara savisheshathakalulla veedukalundu. 1930 kalilum 1940 kalilum ninnulla pimental, art deco enniva. dell kaasttillo streetum 1950kalil ninnulla kooduthal aadhunika shailikalum. aadhunika appaartment kettidangal, corner storukal, chainees-meksikkan kafekal, baarukal, kaantinakal thudangiya parambaraagatha bisinessukalum ivideyundu. luis baaraagante aadya kruthikalil chilath ivide saakshaathkarikkappettu. athinte 383 kettidangal avayude charitraparamaaya moolyathinu pattikappedutthiyittundu.
kolaniyil moonnu pallikalundu, athil ettavum pradhaanappettathaanu saan kosme palli, ithu 1575 ll vishudharaaya cosmas, damian ennivarkkaayi samarppichirunna muun aashramathinte avashishtangalkk mukalil juvan dii sumaraga sthaapichathaanu. eee aashramathinte nirmmaanam ippol ribera dii saan kosme enna sthalathaanu, ennaal meksikoo nagaratthe annathe swatantra nagaramaya takkubayumayi bandhippikkunna kantri rodaayirunnu athu. pradeshathe naattukaarude suvisheshavathakaranamaayirunnu palliyude yadhaartha lakshyam, avarkkayi oru ashupatri undaayirunnu. 1669-ll fraansiskanmaar eee sthalam santa maria dii laa kansoleshan enna peril oru chaarity shekhara kendramaakki maatti. nilavile palliyude aadya kallu moonnu varshathinu sesham 1672-ll sthaapikkukayum aduthaayi oru ashramam nirmmikkukayum cheythu. 1675ll punny poortthiyaayi. pinneedu, 1854ll sanyasimar pally ashramavum saadhaarana purohitharkk kaimaariyathode ithu oru edavaka palliyayi maari. eee ashupatri oru sainika aashupathriyaayi mathetharavalkkarikkappettu, ennaal eee soukaryangal taamasiyaathe 1861ll pazhaya saan pedro, saan pablo kolejilekku maatti. mathaparavum colonial kaalaghattatthilumulla kalakalude oru valia shekharamenna nilayil edavaka pally pathinettaam noottaandil ninnulla oru churrigueresk balipeetavum undu. 1931ll ithu deseeya smaarakamaayi prakhyapikkappettu.
aarkkitekt francisco jeey. 1952 ll aadhunika roopakalppanayilaanu newstra senora dii gwadeloop palli nirmmichathu. serrano. essil addeham terrese encanto sinimaasukalum nirmmichu. rendon street, pakshe athu oru bhookambathil nasippikkappettu. mattoru palli saan raffel streetilaanu sthithi cheiyunnathu. ithinu oru valia radial janala baalkkanikalum undu, pakshe gopurangalilla.
sullivan streettile njaayarazhcha outtdoor art markkattine sponsor cheiyunna laabhechayillaathe pravartthikkunna oru samghadanayaanu jardine dell arte allengil art garden. mattu kruthikalude pakarppukal vilkkunnath nirodhikkunnathupollu aupachaarika niyamangal associationund. pankedukkunna kalakaaranmaar vilkkunna ellah kruthikalum yadhaarthamaayirikkanam. 1955 ll sthaapithamaaya eee prathivaara paripadiyum samghadanayum saan aamgal koloniyayile plasa dii ell carmenile vaaranthya art maarkkat polulla samanamaaya mattu vipanikalkku prachodanam nalki. nilavil, associationil amgangalaayi 700 oolam chithrakaaranmaar avarude srishtikal pradarshippikkukayum vilkkukayum cheiyunnu. smarakamaaya aaaa laa madrake sameepamulla oru cheria paarkkilaan maarkkat nadakkunnathu. vipani undaayirunnittum, kuttakrithyangal, aduthulla veshyaavrithi, kalarahita theruvu kachavadakkaarude vyaapanam enniva kaaranam kazhinja 20 varshamaayi paarkk gurutharamaaya thakarcha nerittu. bhavanarahitharum mattu kachavadakkaarum njaayarazhcha maarkkattilekk pookumbool, avar aazhchayil bakkiyulla samayangalil parkkil aadhipathyam pulartthunnu. graafitti, maalinyangal, naaya maalinyangal, kalisthalangal enniva mosham avasthayilaanu. vaasthavathil, njaayaraazhchayode, art wendermar sajjeekarikkunnathin munbu dittarjantum pine cleaner upayogichu vrithiyaakkenda manam sakthamaakum. shucheekaranam, attakuttappanikal, drainage, lighting enniva mechappeduthunnathinna 5 dasalaksham pesokal cuhetmock baroo nikshepichu, 2005 ll bhavanarahithare parkkil ninnu purathaakki, ennaal prasnangal thirichethiyathaayi pradeshavaasikal paraathippedunnu.
videsikalkkaayi nirmmicha rund smashaanangal kolaniyilaanu. catholica smashaanangalil amgeekarikkappedaatha protestantukalkkaayi 1824laanu engleesh semiteri nirmmichathu. eee semiteri raajyathe itharathilulla aadya semitheriyaayirunnu, 1926 ll ithu adachupootti. 1980 ll, eee pradeshathe yuwan ruis dii alaarkkon saamskaarika kendramaakki maattunnathinaayi ividuthe bakkiyulla avashishtangal purathedutthu, 1909 ll chaals haal nirmmicha neo colonial chaappal samrakshikkukayum kappilla britanica ennu vilikkukayum cheythu. puratheduttha avashishtangal newo paantiyon englandilekku maatti. ooppan eyar thiyettar housing kacherikalum kalaa pradarshanangalumulla eee pradesham koloniyayile eaka yadhaartha paarkk sthalamaanu. engleesh semiteriyude aduthaayi yuu. yude avashishtangal adangiya american semitheriyundu.ezz. meksikkan american yudhathil meksikoo nagaratthile adhiniveshathil, prathyekichu molino dell reey yudhathilum chapaltepec yudhathilum maricha sainikar. ithu adachirikkukayaanenkilum, ellah divasavum raavile, anjjaathanaaya sainikane aadarikkunna oru chadangu nadakkunnu. eee semiteriyum puthiya shavasamskaarangalkkaayi adachittirikkunnu. consulado nadhi pothinju sarcuto interior nirmmichappol rund shmashaanangaludeyum valippam kuranju.
1901 ll franch shailiyil nirmmicha oru bhavanamaayirunnu universitid dell vaale dii meksikoo kettidam, eee pradesham loss aarkkitektos colonia aayirunnappol thudakkathil oru kudumba vasathiyayi upayogichirunnu. eee kudumbam purathupoya sesham, 1940-kalil ithu central kansiliyeshan vaii aarbitrejinte kendramaayi maari. 1960kalil, innu dell vaale dii meksikoo enna universiad sthaapanamaaya harward ithu vaadakaykku edukkaan thudangi. athinte ulvashathum munvashathum varshangalayi mattangal undaayittundengilum, kettidam nalla avasthayilaanennu kanakkaakkappedunnu.
sullivan streettile oru saitt aduthide phoroo isabelinoyude aasthaanamaayirunnu, pakshe athu niravadhi kalaparamaaya vedikalkku aathidheyathvam vahichu. 1953-ll jarmman kalakaaranaaya matias goorits ivide vaikaarika samskaarathinaayi samarppichirikkunna oru sthalamaayi roopakalppana cheytha "ell ikko" enna pareekshanathmaka museum sthaapichu.) ennirunnaalum, rund varshathinu sesham saambathika kaaranangalal kettidam oru baraki maatti. 1960kalil ithu centro yooniversitteeriya dii teatro (katt allengil yooniversitti sentar oof thiyettar) aayi veendum thurannu. 1967ll kettidam polichumaattukayum athinte sthaanathu phoroo isabelino ennariyappedunna loopu dii vega haal pazhaya katt ettedukkukayum cheythu. 1973ll thiyettar ithara vidyaarthikal avarude swantham nirmmanangal saakshaathkarikkaan sthalam aavasyappettukondu oru sarvakalashaala vidyaarthi ettedukkunna sthalamaayi ithu maari. vidyaarthikal avarude aavasyangalil vijayichappol avar ivide pradarshanam nadathunna rund naadaka kambanikal sthaapichu. athinusesham inba eee kettidatthe oru paithruka sthalamaayi pattikappeduthiyenkilum 1997ll thiyettar pravartthanangal nirtthivachu. innu kettidam upekshikkappettu.
mygual iii. meksikkan mannil ninnu cubayile fuljensio baattista bharanakoodatthe sainikamaayi neridaan thayyaaredukkukayaanennu meksikkan sarkkar kandethiyathinethudarnn 1956 ll phidal kaastroyum cheey cuevera hrasvamaayi nilanirtthiyirunna oru federal jayilayirunnu shults street. 1980kalil eee jayil pravartthanam nirtthi. russian embasiyaayirunna rosas morenoyudeyum antonio kasoyudeyum moolayil sthithi cheiyunna bhavanamaan mattoru upekshikkappetta naazhikakkall. 1980kalil upekshikkappetta ithu pinneedu theepiduthatthinu vidheyamaayi. innu melkkoorayude bhooribhaagavum takarnna oru shell aanu ithu. athinte munvashathe pink kallu alankaara savisheshathakal maathramaan kedukoodaathe avasheshikkunnath.
francisco pimental streettile hilerio galguira gallery, sullivan streettile hotel plasa (1945 ll marrio paani nirmmicha), sarcuto inteeriyarile museo yooniversitteeriyo dii siensias vaii arte (muca), 1945 ll sthaapithamaaya vaali dii meksikoo mosonic lodge enniva ayalpakkathe mattu pradhana saittukalil ulppedunnu.
saamoohika saambathikashaasthram.
thudakkam muthal, colonia saamoohika saambathika vibhaagangalude oru mishrithatthinte aasthaanamaanu, thaazhnna madhyavargathinte udamasthathayilulla cherukida bisinasukal valia kettidangalil sthithicheyyunnu, avaa ippol kooduthalum saamskaarikamo valiyatho aaya bisinesses sthaapanangalaanu. eee pradesham parivartthana ghattathilaayathinaal parambaraagathavum aadhunikavumaaya vaasthuvidyayude mishrithamaanith. amayum poppum storukal, electronics muthal shoos vare enthum nannakkunnathinulla varkshoppukal, cheria bhakshanasaalakal, niravadhi kaantinakal, puthiya chikkan maathram vilkkunna kadakal, chainees-meksikkan kafekal, kathikal moorcha koottaanum irumbum pathrangalum scrap cheyyaanum varunna purushanmaar polum niranja oru parambaraagatha ayalpakkamaanith. pala bhagangalilum, athinte theruvukal pakal samayat aalukale kondu niranjirikkunnu, ayalkkar palappozhum nadappaathakalilum praadeshika vipanikalilum chaatt cheiyunnathu kaanam. ayalpakkathinte thudakkam muthal vishudharaaya cosmas, damian ennivarude utsavamaanu eee varshathe pradhana utsavam, ellah varshavum septambar 27 nuu aaghoshikkunnu. samgeetham, vedikkettu, posol, moll sosinoppam enchilada, schwash pookkalodukoodiya kvesaadillakal, attol thudangiya bhakshanangalodeyaanu ithu aaghoshikkunnathu. ivide sambannarum daridrarum orupole bhakshanam kazhikkukayum ore sthalathu paripaadikal aaswadikkukayum cheiyunnu. pazhaya maalikakalude pala ulvashangalum sharashari 90 chathurashra meter valippamulla appaartmentukalaayi punarnirmmikkukayum rund kidappumurikal ullathinaal yadhaartha mukham samrakshikkukayum cheythu. ivide thamasikkunna niravadhi kalakaaranmaar ulppede bhooribhaagavum pradeshatthinte munkaala soundaryavum nyayamaaya vilayum aakarshikkappedukayum nagara kendratthil ninnu valare akale thamasikkaan aagrahikkukayum cheiyunnu.
adutha kaalam vare, metroyude line 2 umm sarcuto interior arterial road 1960 kalilum 1970 kalilum nirmmichathinu sesham colonia kshayichukondirunnu. pradeshathe 383 kettidangal saamskaarika paithruka kendrangalaayi pattikappeduthiyittundum, upekshikkappedukayo adhinivesham nadathukayo kudiyiruppukalayi parivartthanam cheyyappedukayo cheiyunna porpherian kaalaghattatthile maalikakal upekshichu ithu kolanivaasikalil sambannaraaya palareyum purathupokaan kaaranamaayi. niravadhi pradeshangalil, mikkavarum ellah kettidangalum vaanijyaparamaaya upayogathinaayi parivartthanam cheyyappedukayum theruvukal raathriyil shoonyavum shaanthavumaakkukayum cheythu. pakal samayat, kaarukal akathalathinum kalapakaarikalkkum idayil athicheraanulla vazhikal kaarukal thedunnathinaal, avidatthe mikka theruvukalum kaarukalal, prathyekichu sullivan, saadi carnot theruvukalaal niranjirikkunnu. kuttakrithyangal, gathagatham, veshyaavrithi, aniyanthrithamaaya theruvu kachavadakkaar ennivayaanu innathe kolaniyayude pradhana prasnangal, ettavum saadhaaranamaaya kuttakrithyam kaar moshanavum thudarnnu veshyaavrithiyum kavarchayumaanu. ennirunnaalum, aduthide, charitraparamaaya kettidangalum kuranja vaadakayum aakarshikkappett niravadhi kalakaaranmaarum gaalarikalum eee pradeshathekku neengaan thudangi.
nagaratthil ninnu rakshappedaan aagrahikkunnavarkk oru paarppida mekhalayaayi ithu nirmmichappol, innu, ayalpakkathe chila pradeshangalil nadappaathakalilum theruvukalilum shopping nadathunna theruvu kachavadakkaarundu. eee kachavadakkaar kooduthalum bhakshanam, licencillatha sidikal, dividikal, karakaushala vasthukkal, vasthrangal enniva vilkkunnu. theruvu kachavadakkaar ettavum kooduthal shradha kendreekarikkunnathu ribera dii saan kosmeyilaanu, prathyekichu kalapakaarikalkkum narancho theruvukalkkum idayilaanu. koloniyayil ekadesham 2,200 theruvu kachavadakkarundennu kanakkaakkappedunnu, avaril 500 perr ribera dii saan cosmeyil maathram. avaa perukunnathu thudarukayum, nadappaathakal thadayukayum, prathyekichu ribera dii saan kosme, serapio rendon, mygual iii ennividangalil roadukal bhaagikamaayi thadayukayum cheiyunnu. shuttles rossa morenoy. pakal samayat kachavadakkaar othukoodunna mattoru pradesamaanu sullivan street.
1940kall muthal, eee pradesham theaterukalkkum, thalsamaya theaterukalkkum, sinima theaterukalkkum perukettathaanu. aazhchayil ezhu divasavum 6,000-thiladhikam perkku irikkaavunna shhow komadi, naadakeeya naadakangalulla patthu pradhana theaterukal ullathinaal eee pradeshathe "meksikkoyude broadway" ennu vilikkunnu. ennirunnaalum, eee pradeshathe steju thiyettar kshayichukondirikkukaya. 1999ll 13 varshamaayi pravarthichirunna rossa morenoyile aldama thiyettar adachu. nagaratthile ettavum pradhanappetta steju theaterukalilonnaayi ithu kanakkaakkappettirunnu. kuttikalkkayi syndrella mattullavayum uthppaadippikkunnathin ithu prathyekichum ariyappettirunnu. 1940kalilum 1950kalilum nagaratthile ettavum pradhanappetta chila sinima theaterukal kolaniyayilaayirunnu, njaayarazhcha uchathirinju mattiniyil chelavazhikkunnath janapriyamayirunnappol, ell saanto, gaasttan santos, pedro infant enniva ulkkollunna sinimakalum hollywoodil ninnulla sinimakalum kaanunnu. ribera saan cosmeyilo athinadutho ulla cosmos, veronica, tlacopan, naur enniva eee theaterukalil ulppedunnu. briseno, roxy, encanto ennivayaanu mattullava. greak devanmaarude marble prathimakalum hollandle ninnulla oru naadaka thirasseela ulla passio dii laa formayile robble aayirunnu oru savisheshamaaya thiyettar. ennirunnaalum, eee theaterukalellaam adachupoottukayo mattu aavasyangalkkaayi parivartthanam cheiyukayo cheythu. ekadesham 4,000 perkku irikkaavunna eee adacha sinima houseukalil ettavum pradhaanappettath sinima oopparayaanu. francisco serrano nirmmicha sini encanto thiyettar 1937 ll serapio rendon streettil udghaadanam cheythu. akkaalat, moonnu pesokalkk maathram oru sinima kaanaan kazhiyunna eaka sinima housaayirunnu ithu. iruttil kazhcha mechappeduthunnathinna thulyamaayirunnu athinte velicham. 1957leeii bhookambathil theaterinu kaaryamaaya kedupaadukal sambhavichu, ithu kurachu samayathinu sesham polichuneekkaan kaaranamaayi.
police saadhaaranayaayi edapedaatha ettavum pazhaya "sahishnutha mekhalakalilonnaaya" sullivan streetum paarkk vayayum veshyaavrithikku perukettathaanu. laa mersed maarkkat eriyayum saan antonio abad streetum ulppedunna eee sonukalil ettavum prashasthamaanith. oru ghattathil, thinkalaazhcha ratri 10 munny muthal shaniyazhcha vare pularche 5 munny vare 200 veshyakale theruvukalil kandethaamenn kanakkaakkappettirunnu. 2004ll sullivan theruvil moonnu veshyaavrithi veedukalundaayirunnuvena mikkavarum theruvukalilum aduthulla vilakuranja hotelukalilum vyapaaram nadathunnu. 1980kalil veshyaavrithi eee pradeshathekku neengaan thudangi, 1990kalude avasaanathode eee pravartthanam niyantrikkaanulla sramam nadakkumbol athu valareyadhikam valarnnu. 1997ll veshyakaleyum ayalvaasikaleyum prathinidheekarikkunna samghangal veshyakalude pravartthanangalum drishyaparathayum niyanthrikkunnathinulla oru karaaril oppuvachu. veshyakal ratri 8 munny muthal pularche 1 munny vare sullivan streettilum paarkkilum maathram thaamasikkanam, madyam kudikkaruth, thirichariyal cardukal kaivasham vaykkaruthu, police sahishnuthaykk pakaramaayi vasthradhaaranathil mithathwam paalikkanam. ennirunnaalum, thangalude shemathinu haanikaramaanennu karuthunna niyamangalkkethire prathishedham polum prasthaavikkunna ividuthe veshyakal susthaapitharaanu. karar undaayirunnittum, veshyakale puent dii alvarado vare doore kaananum raavile 11 munny muthal valare neratthe vare jolie cheyyaanum kazhiyum. raathriyil rakshaadhikaarikalude ennam ganyamaayi kurayunnuvennu parayunna vii. aii. pii. ezz restorant polulla niravadhi sthaapitha bisinasukal avakaashappedunnathu thuranna veshyaavrithi avarude bisinasine vedanippikkunnu ennaanu. 2010 muthal puthiya bisinasukalum art gaalarikalum sthaapanangalum laingikathozhilaalikale maattippaarppichu eee pradeshathekku maari.
charithram.
hyspanic kaalaghattatthinu munbulla eee pradeshatthinte bhooribhaagavum texcoco thadaakathaal moodappettirunnu. ennirunnaalum, thadaakatheerathulla takuba nagaravumaayi tenochtitlaane (meksikoo nagaram) bandhippikkunna cosway ithil adangiyirikkunnu. pathinezhaam noottaandode laa noche tristeyil ninnu rakshappedaan upayogichirunna eee paathayaan hernan courtus, thadaakatthinte mathiyaya bhagam unangiyathinaal eee pradesham krishiyidangalaal moodappettirunnu. meksikoo nagaratthile rund pradhana jalasambharanikalilonnaya saanta phee shudhajalam konduvannathinte avasaanasthaanam koodiyaayirunnu ithu.
1860-ll, eee pradeshathe oru bhagam-appol nagaraparidhikk puratthaayirunnu-loss aarkkitekcharukalude prathyeka koolani srishtikkunnathinaayi 60 plottukalaayi vibhajichu. ithe kaalathaanu saadi carno street sainika stabilukalude sthalamaayathu. nagarathinu purathu samayam chelavazhikkaan aagrahikkunnavarkk bhakshanashaalakalum mattu sevanangalum ulla "tivolikal" allengil vinoda udyaanangalaayirunnu ivide nirmmicha aadyathe kaarshikethara gadakangalil chilath. pathonpathaam noottaandinte avasaanathode, meksikoo nagaram athinte parambaraagatha athirthikalil ninnu padinjarottu muun haasendakalilum krishiyidangalilum thakarnnukondirunnu. unnathavargakkaarkkayi naadan veedukal nirmikkappettu, athu oduvil sthiramaayi. eee veedukalilum tivoli poonthottangalilum ethaan, ippol ribera dii saan kosme ennu vilikkunna sthalathu kovarkazhuthakal valikkunna trainukal sthaapichu. eee pradeshathe aadyathe sthiramaaya nagaravaasikal porpherio diyaasinte saambathika nayangalil ninnu prayojanam nediya uyarnna varggakkaarude bhaagamaayirunnu. taamasiyaathe kadayudamakalum thozhilaallikalum avare pinthudarnnu. meksikkoyile vyavasaayathinte uyarchayil ninnu madhyavargavum vikasichu.
meksikoo nagaratthinte pala pradeshangalilekkum kudivellam athikkunnathinaayi ledu piping sthaapichathinaal 1879-ll santa phee akvadakttinte (1779-ll nirmmicha) kamanangal polichumaatti. meksikoo nagaratthinum raajyathinte vadakkum padinjaarum bhaagangalkkumidayil puthuthayi nirmmicha railway linkinu sevanam nalkunna estaasiyon colonia reyil steshante nirmmaanamaayirunnu mattoru pradhana adisthaana soukarya padhathi. ippol sarcuto interior rooad consulado nadhiyum laa veronica rodumaayirunnu. eee roadle pradeshathinu kudivellam nalkunna oru barok jaladhaarayund, ennaal 1879 ll leed piping avatharippichappol ithu polichuneekki.
kolanipradeshatthinte bhooribhaagavum saan raafelinte muun krishiyidathilo ell sebolonilo aanu sthithi cheiyunnathu. 1890ll developermaaraaya enriq trone, liyon signorel, edwardo garzia ennivarkku eee ranch vittu. 1891ll niyamaparamaayi sthaapithamaaya oru paarppida parisaramayi bhoomi upavibhajanam cheyyaanum vikasippikkaanum eee aalukal pravarthichu. koloniayude athirthikalil kizhakk bhaagathulla pazhaya aarkvittektos koloniyayil ninnulla blokkukalum ulppedunnu. ithu ezhaamathe vikasita nagara parisaramaayirunnu, charitraparamaaya kendrathinu purathu sthaapithamaaya aadyathethaanu ithu.
irupathaam noottaandinte thudakkathil puthiya "aadhunika" koloniyakalilonnaaya ithu pinneedu koloniyakkaar pakarthiya chathuraakrithiyilulla oru leauttaayirunnu. kalsada dii laa veronica, ferrocaril dii toluca, artes iii industria thudangiya meksikoo nagaratthinte parambaraagatha perukalaayirunnu mikka theruvukaludeyum peru. ivaril chilar pinneedu 20-aamm noottaandinte thudakkathile pradhana vyakthikalaaya gabino barda, gillermo praitto, ignacio ultamirano, jaims sulivan, thomas alwa edison ennivarude perukalilekku maari. ennirunnaalum, valia paarkkukal, traaphik medians, marangal natta vrithangal thudangiya colonia contessa polulla uyarnna pradeshangalude niravadhi savisheshathakal ithinu illaayirunnu. ennirunnaalum, yaadhaasthithika ezhuthukaaranum thathwachinthakanumaaya lucas alamaan, jovakin garzia isesbalsetta thudangiya niravadhi prashastha nivaasikale eee pradesham aakarshichu. randaamathethinu oru nagara block muzhuvan ulkkollunna oru swath undaayirunnu, athu mrgashaalayaayi erattiyaayi. benitoo jurasinte rund penmakkalum ivide thaamasichirunnu, oduvil sinima ooppara nirmmicha pradeshathaanu.
19, 20 noottaandukalude thudakkathil athinte paraakaashtaykku sesham, ivide nirmmicha pala valia veedukalum maattisthaapikkappedukayo parishkkarikkappedukayo upekshikkappedukayo cheythu. ribera dii saan kosme avanyoovil metroyude line 2 nirmmichathu coloniayude thakarchayude oru kaaranamaayirunnu, ithu eee theruvu nagaratthinte pradhana idanaazhiyaakki. ithu janakkoottathil vilpanaykku ethi, ithu palappozhum aniyanthrithamaaya kadakal, hotelukal, naitt clubbukal ennivayude nirmmaanatthilekku nayichu. ithu pradeshathe sambannaraaya niravadhi nivaasikalkk sthalam marran kaaranamaayi. 1973ll nirmmicha sarcuto interior. 1985leeii meksikoo sitti bhookambam ivide kaaryamaaya naashanashtangal varuthi, athinusesham bhookambavumaayi bandhapetta gadanaaparamaaya naashanashtangal kaaranam kettidangal thakarnnu.
21-aamm noottaandinte aadya dashakathil colonialinte paithrikam samrakshikkunnathinum vividha charitraparamaaya kettidangal samrakshikkunnathinum puthiya theaterukalude nirmmaanathode pradeshatthinte prathichaaya mechappeduthunnathinu sramangal nadannittundu. ennirunnaalum, pradeshathe pazhaya kettidangalil palathum pattikappedutthukayo padikkukayo cheythitilla.
gathagatham.
pothugathagatham.
meksikoo sitti metroy metrobukalum eee pradeshathe sevikkunnu. ithu ayalpakkathalla sthithicheyyunnathenkilum revolsian metro steshan nadakkaanulla doorathilaanu.
metro steshanukal
metrobus steshanukal
athum kaanuka.
anglo meksikkan foundeshan