
mohammed shaayude keezhil gujarat

mugal saamraajyathinte pravisyayaaya gujaraathinte (ippol indiayil) bharanam chakravarthimaar niyogicha vaisroyikalaanu nadathiyirunnathu. 1719ll swaadheenamulla sayyid sahodaranmaar farookhsiyaar chakravarty sthaanabhrashtanaakki. addehathinushesham rafee udh-rajat, shhaa jahaan randaaman ennivarude hraswa bharanakalam vannu. oduvil mohammed shaaye avar simhaasanathilekku uyarthi. sakthanaaya saamanthanumaayi samadhaanam sthaapikkaan addeham marvaarile ajitsinghine oru vaisroyiyaayi niyamichu. maraatha adhiniveshangal thudarukayum pilaji gaikwar gujaraathinte thekkan athirthikkaduthulla songadil svayam sthaapikkukayum cheythu. ajith singh anopsing bhandari thante deputy aayi niyamichirunnu. swaadheenamulla sayyid sahodaranmaare sthaanabhrashtaraakkaan sahaayichathin haidar kuli khaane adutha vaisroyiyaayi niyamichu. anopsingil athrupthi prakadippicha aalukal addehathinte niyamanathil santhoshichuvenkilum addeham svayam swathanthranaakaan sramichathinaal addehathe thirichuvilichu. maraatha adhiniveshathe veendum neridendivanna nissam-ull-mulk chumathalayettu. mugal saamraajyathe durbalappeduthunnathu muthaleduthu maraathakal gujaraathil ninnu pathivayi kappam edukkaan thudangi. adutha viceroi sarbuland khaan maraathakalumaayi samgharshathilaayi, avarude generalukal aadyam kapadvanchilum veendum araasilum parajayappettu. maraathakalile aabhyantharayudham pinneedu avarude munnettatthe thadassappeduthi. sahayikkaan chakravarty saamraajyathva sainyathe ayachu. oduvil maraathakal sojitrayilum kapadvanchilum paraajayappedukayum gujaraathile avarude kadannukayattathil ninnu pinnott thallappedukayum cheythu. thudarnnulla varshangalil maraathakal vadnagar akramikkukayum pinneedu baroda, dabhoy, chambaaner enniva pidichedukkukayum cheythu. thekkan gujaraathil maraathakalude valarunna shakti niyantrikkaan kazhiyilla.
1730ll, thante niyamanathe ethirtha mubaris-ull-mulkkine adalajil paraajayappedutthiya vaisroyiyaayi abheysingh niyamithanaayi. taamasiyaathe addeham maraatha peshwayumaayi sakhyamundaakkukayum mattoru maraatha gaikwarine paraajayappedutthukayum cheythu. addeham thante deputy rathansinh bhandari chumathalappedutthi maarvaarilekk madangi. addeham baroda veendeduthuvenkilum mattu mugal nethaakkalaaya momin khaanum sohrab khaanumaayulla sathrutha addehathe durbalapedutthi. taamasiyaathe momin khaane vaisroyiyaayi niyamichu, pakshe rathansinh utharavu paalikkaathathinaal adhikaarathil thudaraan addehathinu ahammadabad uparodhikkendivannu. taamasiyaathe chakravarty abheysinghine veendum niyamichenkilum momin khaan uparodham thudarnnu. addeham damaji gaikwaarinte sahayam sweekarikkukayum oduvil ahammadabad pidichedukkukayum cheythu. addehathinu gaikwaarukalumaayi varumanam pankidendivannuvenkilum taamasiyaathe abhiprayavyathyaasangal vardhikkukayum avar thammil vazhakkidukayum cheythu. gujaraathinte mail thante niyanthranam niyantrikkaan addeham shramichuvenkilum maraathakal avarude shakti valarthukayum vipuleekarikkukayum cheiyunnu. momin khaante maranashesham fida-udh-dhiin kurachukaalam pravishyayude shathruvine niyanthrichu. pooneykkaduthulla jannaarinte kamaandaraaya abdul assies khaan vyaja utharavu moolam adhikaarathil vannuvenkilum pinneedu upekshikkendivannu. momin khaante makan mufthaakhir khaane adutha vaisroyiyaayi niyamichu. addehathinte bharanakaalathu maraathakal ahammadabadilethi madhya gujaraathile pattanangal aakramikkunnath thudarnnu. fakhrud-daula addehathinte pingamiyaayi. maraathakalude vividha kudumbangal thammilulla aabhyanthara poraattangal gujaraathile avarude munnettatthe mandagathiyilaakkiyathinaal addehathinu kurachu samadhaanam undaayirunnu. 1748ll mohammed shhaa marikkukayum addehathinte makan ahamed shhaa bahadur addehathinte pingamiyaavukayum cheythu.
mohammed shaayude (1719-1748) keezhilulla vaisroyimaare.
1719-nte thudakkathil, farookhsiyaar chakravarty addehathinte prabhukkanmaraaya sayyidmar sthaanabhrashtanaakkukayum vadikkukayum cheythu; chakravartthiyude kochumakanaaya raafi udh-rajarajat enna rajakumaran simhaasanathilekku uyarthappettu. moonnu maasathe bharanathinu sesham rafee udh-daaraajathine sayyidmar vadhichu, addehathinte pingamiyaaya shhaa jahaan randaaman enna sahodaran rafee udh-daulayum eathaanum divasathe bharanathinu sesham marichu. sayyidmar pinneedu mohammed shhaa enna padaviyode rajakumaaranaaya roshan akhthaar bahaadoorine simhaasanathilekku uyarthi.
maharaja ajitsing, naalppathiyombathaamathe viceroi, 1719-1721.
farookh siyaarinte kolapaathakathinushesham dalhiyude sameepathulla ettavum sakthamaaya saamanthan marvaarile ajeetsinghaayirunnu. addehathe thangalude pakshatthekku nayikkunnathinayi sayyidmar addehathinu gujaraathinte viceroi sthaanam nalkukayum addehathinte varavu vare addehathinu vendi pravartthikkaan mirr alii khaane niyamikkukayum salabat mohammed khaan baabiyude makan mohammed bahadoor babiye udan thanne ahammadbadinu chuttum jillayude poleesinte chumatala ealppikkukayum cheythu. taamasiyaathe, maharaj ajeetsinghinte swaadheenathiloode, nahir khaan mirr alii khaane deputy vaisroyiyaayi sthaanabhrashtanaakki. dholka, dahod, petlad ennivayude chumathalaykkum naheer khaane niyamikkukayum kasttams sooprandaayi niyamikkukayum cheythu. eee samayathaan pradhana nikuthi raddaakkukayum gujaraathile athinte nikuthi avasaanippikkanamenn utharavukal purappeduvikkukayum cheythath.
athe varsham, 1719-ll, pilaji gaikwar oru valia sainyavumayi soorathilekku march cheyyukayum sayyid kill, mohammed panaa ennivarude neethrthwathilulla mugal sainyathe paraajayappedutthukayum cheythu, randaamathe commander thadavilaakkappedukayum kanatha mochanadravyam nalkaan nirbandhitharaakukayum cheythu. gulaji eluppamulla irayaayi kandethiya pilji idaykkide nuzhanjukayatangal nadathukayum thekkukizhakkan mekhalayil sonkad edukkukayum avide svayam sthaapikkukayum cheythu. nahir khaanu vendi pravarthichirunna mirr alii khaan maahi azhimukhathu kadalkkolla nadathunna kolikalkkethire march cheyyukayum avare keezhadakkukayum cheythu.
1720 muthal gujaraathile mugal bharanam nasippikkappettu. pilaji gaikwar songadil sthaapikkappettu, thudarnnundaaya araajakathvathil, baabikaludeyum jaalorikaludeyum valia gujarat bhavanangalum puthuthayi ethiya momin khaanum avarude chinthakale swaathanthryathilekku maatti. mugal bharanathe verutha ajitsing maraathakale rahasyamaayi anukoolikkukayum marvaarinte athirthiyilulla gujaraathinte bhaagangalkkmel swantham adikaaram sthaapikkaan sramikkukayum cheythu. varshangalkkusesham, sarbuland khaan mugal aadhipathyam punasthaapikkaan sakthamaaya sramam nadathiyenkilum pirichuvidalinte vithukal vithaykkappedukayum veendedukkaanulla sramangal vyarthamaavukayum cheythu.
1720ll viceroi ajeetsingh anopsing bhandari thante deputy aayi gujaraathilekku ayachu. eee varsham ujjainile viceroi nissam-ull-mulkkine sayyid dilawar khaan sthaanabhrashtanaakki. dilawar khaan appozhum malwa athirthikalil aayirunnappol, dakhaan (decan) swanthamaakkaan aagrahikkunna nissam athinte vibhavangal burhanpurilekku pinvalikkukayum yuddham nalkia sayyid dilawar khaan pinthudarukayum cheythappol nissam dakhaanile auramgaabaadilekku pinvaangukayum cheythu. dakhaante deputy viceroi aalam alii khaane addehathinethire march cheyyaan nirddeshichu, athesamayam vadakkan gujaraathil ninnu anopsing bhandariyodu 10,000 kuthirakale soorathilekku ayaykkaan utharavittu, deputy viceroi nahir khaane nerittu avidekku pookaan nirddeshichu. nizam aalam alii khaanum berarile balapurinu sameepam kandumuttukayum nissam vijayikkukayum aalam khaan kollappedukayum cheytha oru yuddham nadakkukayum cheythu. eee samayat anopsing bhandari niravadhi adichamarthal pravrithikal cheythu, athil mohammed nabaadinte pramukha vyaapaariyaaya kapurchand bhansaliyude kolapathakamaayirunnu thalavan. bhandariyude utharavukale ethirkkukayum anyaayamaayi thadavilakkappetta aalukale mochippikkukayum cheytha niravadhi sayudha sookshippukaare addeham niyamichu ennathaanu kapurchandinte kolapaathakathinu kaaranam. eee edapedunnayaale ayaalude vazhiyil ninnu neekkam cheiyunnathinaayi bhandaarikal avane vadhichu.
1721-ll nissam-ull-mulkkine saamraajyathinte pradhaanamanthriyaayi niyamichu, abdul hameed khaane soraathil ninnu thirichuvilichu, addehathinu pakaram ameer-ull-umara enna padaviyode asad kuli khaane soraathinte govarnoraayi niyamichu, mohammed shareef khaane addehathinte deputy aayi sorathilekku ayachu.
haidar kuli khaan, ambathaamathe viceroi, 1721-22.
1721-ll mohammed aamin, sadath khaan ennivarumaayi chernnu haidar kuli khaan chakravarty sayyidmaarude svechaadhipathyathil ninnu mochippikkukayum muij-udh-daula haidar kuli khaan bahadoor suffer jung enna padaviyum gujaraathinte vaisroyaltti enna padaviyum nalkukayum cheythu. sahodaran jaffer kuli khaante manthriyaayi addeham niyamithanaayi. masses kuli khaane shujat khaan bahadoor enna padavi nalki aadarikkukayum deputy vaisroyiyaayi niyamikkukayum cheythu.
1721ll ahammadbaadile aswasthatha
eee maattam ariyichayudane, anopsing bhandariyude bharanathil athruptharaaya ahammadaabaadile janangal addehathinte kottaramaaya bhadra akramikkukayum addeham budhimuttode rakshappedukayum cheythu. haidar kuli khaanum maarvaarikalum thammilulla shathruthayude anantharafalamaayi, deputy viceroi shujat khaan, ajitsinghinte manthriyaayirunna nahir khaante veedu akramikkukayum 100,000 roopa nalki nagaram vidaan nirbandhikkukayum cheythu. shujat khaan aduthathaayi godhrayile deputy gavarnaraaya safdar khaan babiyudeyum sahodaranmaarudeyum bhoomiyil edapettu. sahodaranmaaril oraal dalhiyilekku attakuttappanikal nadathukayum prathishedhikkukayum cheythappol, haidar kuli avarude bhoomi baabikalkk punasthaapichu. eee theerumaanatthinte anantharafalamaayi shujat khaanum baabikalum thammil aswasthatha udaleduthu, shujat khaan krithyamaaya kappam nalkaan poyappol addeham kaira (kheda jilla) govarnor mohammed khaan babiye 10000 roopa prathyeka pizha adaykkaan nirbandhithanaakki. visroyiyude udyogastharil oralaaya cassim alii khaan, raajyathinte aaa bhaagathe kolikalkkethire jolie cheythirunnappol pethaapooril kollappettu. shujat khaan munnerukayum nagaram kathichu kaasiminte maranathinu prathikaram cheyyukayum cheythu. aduthathaayi addeham sorathilekku kadannupoyi, kappam vangiya sesham kachilekku kadannu. thalavan addehathe ethirkkukayum thudarnnulla pooraattatthil marddikkukayum ekadesham 225000 roopa nalkaan nirbandhitharaakukayum cheythu. 1721-ll mohammed sharifinu pakaram oru sayyid deputy govarnoraayi sorathilekku ayaykkappedukayum haidar kuliye kaadi, chunwal, halwad (mohammed nagar ennu vilikkunnu) ennivayude govarnoraayi niyamikkukayum maharaja ajitsinghinte makan vakhathsinginu pakaram tarad, arjanpur, bhamantarli, pethapur, kheraalu ennivayude chumatala ealppikkukayum cheythu.
1722-nte thudakkathil, nissam-ull-mulk kazhinja varsham thaan niyamithanaaya saamraajyathinte pradhaanamanthriyude sthaanam etteduthu. nisaaminte kaadinyavum karakaushalavum hyder kuliyude dheeravum aswasthavumaaya abhilaashathekkaal dehli kottaarathinu kuranja uthkandayude uravidamaayathinaal hyder kuli khaanil addehathe ulppeduthaan kadinamaaya sramangal nadatthi. nisaamumaayi malsarikkaan kazhiyaatha haidar kuli khaan dehli upekshichu gujaraathilekku viramichu. vazhiyil dabalyile gramavaasikal addehathinte thalavanmaaril oralaaya alif baig khaane kollunnathine ethirthu. haidar graamam kathikkukayum ellah aalukaleyum kollukayum cheythu, ithu addehathinte bharanathiludaneelam kappam thirichariyunnathino roadukal surakshithamaayi sookshikkunnathino oru budhimuttum anubhavappedaathathra bheekarathaykk kaaranamaayi. eee samayathaan, mattu mattangalkkoppam, salabat khaan baabiyude makan mohammed bahadoorine sherr khaan enna thalakkettode sarayudeyum virpoorudeyum chumatala ealppichathu. addeham athiyathinu thottupinnaale viceroi chunvaalile vimatha kolikale keezhadakki, avide thante govarnoraayi rustam alii khaane niyamichu. thudarnnu, ahmedabadilekku madangiyethiya addeham bhadrayile thante vasathi etteduthu.
ithu swaathanthryathinte adayaalangal kaanikkukayum 1722 ll athu oormmikkukayum cheiyunnu.
eee samayat haidar kuli ellah gujaraathukaleyum thante bharanathin keezhil konduvaraan lakshyamittu. dalhiyilekkulla yaathraamadhye ahammadbaadiloode kadannupoya saamraajyathva kuthirakale addeham pidichedukkukayum niravadhi estettukal pidichedukkukayum swantham aalukalkk nalkukayum cheythu. dungarpur thalavanmaaril ninnu kappam chumathaanulla yaathraamadhye addeham lunavadayil ninnu 80,000 roopa eedaakki. udaipur raanayude madhyasthathayiloode, addeham 100,000 roopa kappam nalkaan sammathichappol, dunkaarpoorile rawal rakshapettu. hyder kuli aduthathaayi ahammadbadinu vadakkulla vijayapurilekku neengi, ennaal bhoomi nalkunnathinum mattunnathinumulla adhikaarathekkurichu chakravarthikku athrupthi thonniyennu ketta addeham ahammadbadilekku madangukayum thaan kandukettiya niravadhi estettukal punasthaapikkukayum cheythu.
nissam-ull-mulk, ambathiyonnaamathe viceroi, 1722.
hyder kuli khaane swathanthranaakkiyathinu chakravarty addehathe avishwasikkunnathu thudarnnappol 1722 avasaanathode jumlat-ull-mulk nissam-ull-mulkkine ambathiyonnaam vaisroyiyaayi niyamichu.
nisaamumaayi oru poruthavumillaathathinaal haidar kuli khaan nishabdamaayi viramikkaan prerippikkappedukayum athanusarichu dungarpur vazhi gujarat vidukayum cheythu. shujat khaanum rustam alii khaanum addehathe dungarpur vare anugamikkukayum pinneedu ahammadbadilekku madangukayum cheythu. ithinidayil nissam ujjainilethi, thudarnnu safdar khaan babiyodu addeham athunnathuvare sarkkar thudaraan nirddeshichu, athe samayam ammavan hameed khaane deputy viceroy fidvi khaane mantriyaayum niyamichu. pinneedu, nissam gujarathiletthi, vishwaasasthalangalkkaayi svanthamaayi udyogasthare thiranjedutthu, avarude thalavan sooraathinte govarnoraayi niyamithanaaya momin khaan aayirunnu. nissam pinneedu dalhiyilekku madangi, pakshe, kurachu samayathinu sesham, kottaaratthile perumaattatthil veruppu thonniya addeham dakhaanilekku (decan) viramichu, avide hyderaabaadine thante thalasthaanamaakki, kramena oru swatantra bharanadhikaariyaayi pravartthikkaan thudangi. athesamayam, gujaraathil hameed khaanum mattu udyogastharum thammil abhiprayavyathyaasangal udaleduthenkilum sathrutha pottippurappedaathe karyangal krameekarichu. vaathrak nadiyude theerathulla thalavanmaaril ninnu kappam vaangukayum modherayil ninnu oru kramarahithamaya koolii graamam kathikkukayum koolii rajyath kaavalkkaare sthaapikkukayum cheythu. 1723ll rustam alii khaanum shujat khaanum jodhpoorilekku march cheyyaan dalhiyil ninnu utharavidukayum athu avar pidichedukkukayum kollayadikkukayum pinneedu ahmedabadilekku madangukayum cheythu.
1723-ll, deerghakaalamaayi athirthiyil sanjarichirunna pilaji gaikwar soorathilekku march cheyyukayum momin khaan ethirkkukayum cheythu, avare addeham paraajayappeduthi. chuttumulla raajyathu ninnu sambhavanakal eedaakkiya sesham addeham songadile thante aasthaanathekku madangukayum ithil ninnu suurath pradeshatthinte ganyamaaya bhagam keezhadakkukayum rajpipla rajyath niravadhi kottakal nirmmikkukayum cheythu. athe samayam, daahodinte bhaagath ninnu gujaraathine akramikkunna kantaji kadam bande nischitha sambhavanakal eedaakkaan thudangi.
idaykkide eee aavasyangal palappozhum unnayikkappedunnathinum, 1723-laanu maraathakal gujarathinu pathivayi kappam earppeduthiya aadya varsham. momin khaane ippol pravishya manthriyaayi niyamichu, addehathinte pingamiyaayi rustam alii khaan soorathinte ravanyoo offeesaraayi.
sarbuland khaan, ambathirandaam viceroi, 1723-1730.
chakravartthiyude anuvaadamillaathe nissam dakhaanilekku poyathinaal, mubaris-ull-mulk sarbuland khaan bahadoor dilawar jangine gujaraathinte ambathirandaam vaisroyiyaayi niyamichu. addeham shujat khaane thante deputy aayi thiranjedukkukayum pravishyayile sarkkaarinaayi mattu krameekaranangal nadathukayum cheythu. shujat khaane ethirkkaan thayyaraya nisaaminte ammavan deputy amgavumaaya hameed khaan, baabi salabat khaan, safdar khaan, jawan mardh khaan ennivarude edapedaliloode hameed khaan bhadra ozhippikkukayum dahodilekku pinvaangukayum cheythu. shujat khaan ippol adaranjali arppikkan pooyi, ibraaham kuli khaan ahammadbaadil upekshichu, athesamayam ramrayi kairayile mahudayil hamid khaante chalanagal nireekshikkaanulla utharavode niyamichu. viceroic panam aavasyamullathinaal addeham barooch, dholka, barooch ennividangalil ninnu irupathirandu mile vadakkaayi jambusar, makbulabad allengil amod ennee jillakalil oru jeevan jugal krishi cheythu. 1724-ll addeham "miraatt-iii-ahamed" enna grandhatthinte rachayithaavinte pithaav alii mohammed khaane thante swakaarya manthriyaayi ulppeduthi ahammadbadilethi.
surat gavarnaraaya rustam alii, rando moonno thavana pilji gaikwaarinte keezhil maaraathakale paraajayappedutthunnathil vijayichappol, ippol 20,000 pere avarude utharavinu keezhil nirtthiyaal, avar nisaaminethire march cheiyumennu thante sahodaran shujat khaanumayi chernnu vaagdaanam cheythu. chakravarty eee vaagdaanam sweekarichu, 200000 roopa vare suurath treasuryil ninnu panam edukkaan rustam aaliye anuvadichu. athanusarichu rustam alii, thante sahodarante makan ahamed kuliyude sahaayathode oru sainyathe sajjamakki. athinidayil nissam nishkriyamayirunnilla. mubaris-ull-mulkkil ninnu pravishya veendum keezhadakkaan hameed khaanumayi chernnu kazhiyumenkil, gujaraathinte varumaanathinte naalilonn bhagam addeham kantaji kadam bundake vaagdaanam cheythu. ippol kaadiyilaayirunna shujat khaan, thante manthriyude upadesham pinthudarukayum kapadvanchil ninnulla hamid khaante chalanagal shradhaapoorvvam nireekshikkukayum cheiyunnathinupakaram pravishyayude vidoora bhaagathekku pooyi. hameed khaan thante avasaram kandu, thante sainyathe kantaji kadavumaayi onnippikkukayum kapadvanchilekku munnerukayum cheythu. ithu ketta shujat khaan, ahmedabadilekku munneri, ahmadaabaadinaduthulla dabodayil paalayamirangi, thudarnnu thalasthaanathu ninnu aarr mile kizhakkayi motta medrayilekku neengi. addeham ahammadbaadinaduthethiyal, addehathinte sainikaril palarum avarude kudumbangale sandarshikkaan avadhiyillathe nagaratthilekku pooyi. maraathakal addehathinte pinn kaavalkkaarane akramikkukayum vazhithetticha addehathinte aalukal parannuyarukayum cheythu. shujat khaanu oru cheria sainyam maathramundaayirunnuvennu kandu hameed khaan adhehathinum thalasthaanathinum idayil munneri. oru yuddham nadannu, athil shujat khaan kollappedukayum addehathinte rund aanmakkalaaya hassan kuliye mustafa kuliye thadavilaakkukayum cheythu. shahjat khaante thala murichumaattukayum safdar khaan baabiyude aduthekku ayaykkukayum, ahammadbaadil kamaandantaayi duty cheythirunna makan ibraahiminte aduthekku ayaykkukayum cheythu. hameed khaan thante kwartezhs ettedukkukayum nagaram ozhikeyulla ellah ahmadaabaadukaludeyum kaivashappeduthukayum cheythu. shujat khaane paraajayappeduthunnathilum gujaraathine keezhadakkunnathilum maaraathakal vijayichuvennum ennaal avarkkethire ahammadbadine prathirodhichuvennum hameed khaan chakravarthikku oru sandesham ayachu. chakravarty addehathinu oru bahumaanavastram ayachu, ennaal kurachu divasangalkku sesham hameedinte sandesham thettaanenn kandethi. maraathakal ippol raajyathudaneelam sanjarichu avarude "chauthu" allengil naalilonn, avarude "sardeshmukhi" allengil varumaanathinte patthilonnu oharikal shekharichu. kantaji viramgamilekku pooyi pattanam uparodhichu, ennaal mukhyavaasikalil oraal 350000 roopa samaaharikkumenn vaagdaanam cheythathine thudarnnu maaraathakal viramichu. ippol swathanthranaayirunna hamid khaan bhoomiyum jillakalum nalkaan thudangi, avayil palathum graantikalkk kaivasham avasheshikkukayum bhaaviyile govarnarmaar orikkalum veendedukkaathirikkum cheythu. shujat khaante makan ibraheem kuli, pithaavinte maranathinu prathikaaramaayi, hamid khaane vadhikkan theerumaanichu. aaa sramam parajayappettu. hameed khaan rakshappedukayum ibraheem kuli kollappedukayum cheythu.
suurath govarnor rustam alii khaan, hameed khaanmel prathikaram cheyyappedumenna pratheekshayil, pilaji gaikwaarinte sahayam shanikkukayum avar narmada nadiyude vadakkan theerathu kandumuttanamennu sammathikkukayum cheythu. rustam khaaneyum sakhyasenakaleyum sahaayikkumenn pilaji vaagdaanam cheythu, maahi nadhi kadannu anand aanandinteyum maahiyudeyum edayilulla samathalathile aaraasil paalayamirangi. mirr nathu, mohammed salabat rohila, kantaji kadam ennivarodoppam hameed khaan rasttam khaane ethirkkaan march nadatthi. hameed khaan piylaji gaikwarumaayi rahasya charchakalil earppettu, avar nishpakshatha palikkanum vijayiyude paksham cheraanum theerumaanichu. oru yuddham nadannu, athil pilaji pankedutthillenkilum, hameed khaan paraajayappedukayum parannuyarukayum mirr naathu kollappedukayum cheythu. poraattatthinushesham rustam alii yudhakkalathil thudarukayum hameed khaante camp kollayadikkukayum thante anantharavanmaare mochippikkukayum cheythu. pilaji rustam aaliyude camp kollayadikkukayum pinneedu sthalam maarukayum cheythu, athesamayam kantaji hamid khaante campil avasheshichathenthaano athu kondupoyi. hamid khaan kantajiyude nishkriyathvathe apalapichu; ennaal addeham mughalmar thammilulla yudhareethi nireekshikkukayaanennu ozhikazhivode apekshikkukayum udan thanne rustam aaliye akramikkaan vaagdaanam cheyyukayum cheythu. ippol, thangalude kadutha shathruvaaya rustam aaliye nasippikkaan maaraathakal sarikkum aagrahichathinaal, kurachu divasangalkku sesham avar avane valayukayum avante saadhanangal vichedikkukayum cheythu. rustam alii ettu divasathe uparodham nilanirtthi, thudarnnu shathrukkale nirbandhichu naapaadilekkum (anand jillayile vasad railway steshanu ekadesham pathinaalu mile padinjaaru) pinneedu kalamsar vazhi petladinu keezhilulla naapayilekko nabayilekko pooyi. rasttam aaliye pinthudarunna maraathakal petlaadinte keezhil vaasuvilekku viramikkukayum avidevechu addeham yuddham cheyyukayum oru prakopanaparamaaya aakramanathiloode maraatha vamshavali thakarkkukayum cheythu. maraathakal aninirannu, rustam aliyum addehathinte aalukalum parajayappettu, rustam alii kollappedukayum addehathinte anantharavar veendum thadavukaare edukkukayum cheythu. rustamine yudhakkalathil samskarikkukayum addehathinte thala ahammadbadilekku ayaykkukayum cheythu.
pravisyayil sthiramaaya adithara sthaapikkunnathinulla eaka maarggam addehathe pinthunaykkuka maathramaan ennu manassilakkiya maaraathakalodoppam hameed khaan ahammadbadilekku madangi. pinneedu hamid khaan maahikk vadakkulla pradeshatthinte varumaanathinte naalilonn bhagam cantagic nalkukayum surathum baroda ulppede mahikk thekkulla pradeshathu piylajikk anubandha thaalpparyavum nalkukayum cheythu. ithinu sesham hameed khaan svechaadhipathyathode pravarthichu. addeham sambannaril ninnu valia thukakal thattiyedukkukayum shujat khaante rund puthranmaare visham nalkukayum cheythu.
kantaji, pilaji ennivarude vijayawartha dakhaanilethiyappol, khanderao senapathiyude makan triumbuck raavu dabhade oru valia sainyavumayi vannu kambe uparodhichu. uparodham adichamarthappedumbol maraatha nethaakkal thammilulla tharkkam kalahathilum rakthachorichililum kalaashichu. trimbuck raavu parikkelkkukayo kollappedukayo cheyyukayum maraatha sainyam pirinjupoyi viramikkukayum cheythu.
salabat khaan, ahammadbadine upekshichu, viramgamilekku pooyi, kurachu samayathinu sesham, thante anantharavane viramgamilekku maatti, addeham gohilwadilek pooyi. rustam aliyude parajayavum maranavum sambandhicha vaartha dalhiyil athiyappol, oru sakthamaaya sainyathe eduthu gujaraathilekku nerittu pookaanum hameed khaaneyum maaraathakaleyum puratthaakkaanum chakravarty mubaris-ull-mulkkinodu utharavittu. mubaris-ull-mulk oru valia sainyavumayi gujaraathilekku march cheythu, jodhpoorile maharaja abheysingh, bundelkhandile narvaarile chattarsingh raaja, gandrapsingh, udaypoorile maharana ennivarude sahaayathode. ajmiril athiyappol, mubaris-ull-mulkkine addehathinte swakaarya mantri alii mohammed khaan sweekarichu, addeham pinneedu radhanpuril jawan mardh khaan babiyil cherukayum avarude sainyathe mubaris-ull-mulkkinte keezhilullavarumaayi aikyappeduthukayum cheythu. aaa samayat salabat khaane addehathinte sarkkaaril ninnu neekkam cheyyukayum safdar khaan baabi marikkukayum cheythu. saamraajyathvakramathinu anusrithamaayi, mubaris-ull-mulk ajmiril ninnu march cheyth gujarat athirthiyilethi. sameepanam sweekarichu hameed khaan ahammadbadilekku madangi. addeham rupsinghin sardar mohammed ghorniyeyum nagaratthinte chumatala ealppikkukayum svayam mehmoodabadilekku pinvaangukayum cheythu. mubaris-ull-mulk ippol sheikh aliyaarine oru sainyavumayi ahammadbaadinethire munkootty ayachu. sheikh alii nagarathinu munnil athiyappol, maaraathakale konduvannathinu hameed khaanil athrupthi prakadippicha mohammed ghorni rupsinghine parakkaan prerippichu.
ithinidayil mubaris-ull-mulk thante sainyathinte pradhana samghavumaayi siddhpooril ethi. hameed khaan, maraatha kuthirayude oru vibhaagathodoppam, ippol ahmedabadilekku madangi; ennaal mohammed ghorni vaathilukal adachu, nagaratthilekku praveshikkaan addehathe nirbandhichilla. mubaris-ull-mulk mehsanayilekku march cheythu. eee samayathaan ippol mehsaanayil mubaris-ull-mulkkinoppam undaayirunna "mirat-iii-ahamed" enna grandhatthinte rachayithaavinte pithavaaya alii mohammed khaan baabiyude swaadheenamulla kudumbatthe anurajanam cheyyaan upadeshichathu. addehathinte upadesaprakaaram salabat mohammed khaan babiye viramgaaminte govarnoraayum tawan mardh khaan paattaante govarnoraayum niyamichu. taamasiyaathe hameed khaante gujarati mantriyaaya murlidardas thante yajamanante paraajayappedal kaaranam upekshichu. mohammadbaadil ninnu pathinettu mile maathram akaleyulla pethapooril mubaris-ull-mulkk athiyathaayi kantaji kettappol addeham mehmoodabadilekku viramichu. 1725 avasaanikkunnathin munbu, mubaris-ull-mulk ahammadbadilethi, avide udyogastharum vyaapaarikalum addehathe nannayi sweekarichu.
eee samayat maahi nadiyude theerathu ethiya hameed khaanum kantaji ippol pilaji gaikwaarumaayi chernnu. pravisyayil thangalude adithara nilanirthaanulla eaka maargam hameed khaante lakshyathe pinthunaykkuka ennathaayirunnu ennu kanda maraatha nethaakkal, avarude sainyathe addehavumaayi aikyappeduthi, ahmedabadilekku march cheyyaan thayyarayi. mubaris-ull-mulk thante makan khaanahsaad khaane avare ethirkkaan oru sainyavumayi niyogikkukayum alii mohammed khaane mantri sthaanathekku uyarthunna mattu mattangalkkoppam niravadhi niyamanangal nadathukayum cheythu.
petladil ninnu patthu mile vadakku-padinjaaru sojitraykku sameepam khaanahsaad khaan maaraathakale kandumuttukayum avare paraajayappedutthukayum maahi vare pinthudarukayum cheythu. thudarnnu madangiyethiya addehathe sahodaran shhaa nawaz khaan shakthippeduthukayum kapadvanchil palayamirangiya maaraathakalkkethire march nadathukayum cheythu. mattoru yuddham nadakkukayum maraathakal veendum paraajayappedukayum pravishyayude angeyattatthe kizhakk bhaagathulla alii-mohan kunnukal vare pinthudarukayum cheythu. baroda, barooch, jambusar, makbulabad ennividangalude govarnoraayi khanaahsaad khaan ippol hassan-udh-dine niyamichu.
athesamayam, idaarinte vashath ninnu gujaraathil praveshicha oru maraatha prabhuvaya antaji bhaskar, pazhaya gujarat pazhanchollu anusarichu kaira jillayile umrethinoppam gujarat raajyathinte rund swarnna thoovalukalaaya vadnagar pattanatthe uparodhichu. vadnagaril nager jaathiyile sambannaraaya braahmanar adhivasichirunnu, avar thangalude durithaashwaasathinaayi march cheyyaan mubaris-ull-mulkkinodu praarthichu; ennaal addehathinte rund puthranmarum kapadvanchil parajayappetta mattu maraatha samghangale pinthudarunnathinaal, viceroic ahammadbad gaarisanil ninnu rakshappedaan sainyamillaayirunnu. athinanusarichu, sahayathinte oru saadhyathayum kaanathe, 400000 roopa nalkukayum antaji bhaskar viramikkukayum cheythu. anthaajiyude eee raidle ninnu prothsaahippikkappetta kantaji pilaji vividha bhaagangalil ninnu gujaraathil praveshichu. kantaji veendum vadnagar uparodhichu. aavasyappetta sambhavana nalkaan kazhiyaatha nagarmar avarude swath upekshichu oodippoyi, kuzhichitta nidhi kandethanulla sramangalil kantaji pattanatthe kathichu.
taamasiyaathe kaira jillayile umrethinum kantajiyude kaikalil samanamaaya vidhi neridendi vannu. baroda vare munnerunna thante reydukalilonnil visroyiyude makan khaanahsaad khaane nerittu. oru yudhathinte prashnathe avishwasichu pilji cambayilekku palayanam cheyyukayum cambail ninnu sorathilekku pinvaangukayum cheythu. eee sevanangalkkayi chakravarty khaanahasaad khaane galib jung enna thalakkettode oru prabhuvinte padaviyilekku uyarthi. eee samayathaan alii mohammed khaane mantri sthaanathu ninnu pirichuvittathu, addehathinu pakaram aadyam mohammed sayyid begineyum pinneedu mohammed sulaimanteyum niyamanam. adhikam taamasiyaathe alii mohammed khaane veendum oru command ealppikkukayum dholkayude govarnoraayi uyarthukayum cheythu.
maraathakal dakhaanilekku viramichuvenkilum 1726-ll madangiyethiyathode mubaris-ull-mulk thante mungamiyude graantukal avarkk anukoolamaayi sthireekarikkanamennu nirbandhithanaayi. maraathakalkku oru varumaanavum nalkaan chakravarty visammathichu; panatthinaayi kadinamaayi sammarddam cheluthiya viceroi, kodathiyil ninnu pinthuna nedaan kazhiyaathe varikayum thante daridra jillakalil ninnu cheria sahayam labikkukayum cheythathinaal, ahammadbaadile pouranmaarkku puthiya nikuthi chumathaan nirbandhithanaayi, athe samayam maahi thalavanmaaril ninnu avarude kappam shekharikkaan oru sainyathe ayaykkukayum cheythu. mubaris-ull-mulkum maraatha medhaavikalum thammilulla karaarinte bhaagamaayi plagic maahiyude thekk jillakalile varumaanathil oru punk labhikkendathaayirunnu. ennaal thante ethiraaliyaaya khanderao dabhaadinte ejant enna nilayil, pilji arochakanaayirunna peshwa bajirao balal, pilji oodikkaan udaji pavarine ayachu. eee udaji vijayikkukayum, pilji paraajayappedutthukayum cheythathode kantajiyude sahayam thedaan addeham nirbandhithanaayi. peshwa paramonnathanaanengil swantham swaathanthryam baadhikkumenn manassilakkiya kantaji, piljiyumaayi chernnu barodayilekku orumichu march cheythu, pakshe parajayappettu, mugal govarnor sadra-udh-dhiin khaane nagaratthilekku praveshikkunnathil ninnu thadayaan avar shramichu. eee samayathaan fundinte abhavam mubaris-ull-mulkkine dholka jillayude bhooribhaagavum vividha bhoovudamakalkku wilkan nirbandhithanaakkiyathu.
adutha varsham, 1727-ll, bajirao peshwa mubaris-ull-mulkkumaayi charchakal aarambhichu, pravishyayude varumaanathile naalilonn, patthilonnu oharikal thanikk urappunalkiyaal, mattu aakramanakaarikalil ninnu addeham gujaarathine samrakshikkumennu prathijnjayedutthu. eee nirddeshangalkku addeham sammathichillengilum, palaajikkethire udaji pavarine sahayikkaan baroda govarnore anuvadikkunnathinaayi viceroi ithuvare peshwayude sakhyam amgeekarichu.
pilaji kantaji udaji puratthaakkukayum baroda govarnorumaayi oru junction nadathunnathil ninnu addehathe thadayukayum cheythu, oduvil udaji malvayilekku viramikkumbol aaa nagravum dabhoyiyude shaktikendravum upekshikkaan addeham nirbandhithanaayi. pilji gaikwar ippol barodayude kaivashappedutthi. appozhum panatthinaayi kadinamaayi sammarddam cheluthiya mubaris-ull-mulk krithyamaaya kappam nalkunnathinaayi sorathilekku march cheythu. viramgamilethiyappol salabat mohammed khaan baabi, navnagar jaam ennayaalkku vendi viceroic 100,000 roopa sammaanichu, eee sevanathinu oru aanayude sammanam nalki. thudarnnu mubaris-ull-mulk kaathiyaavaadinte thekk-padinjaaru porbandar medhaaviyude thalasthaanamaaya chhaayaykkethire march nadatthi. kappam kadalil thallikkond kappam nalkunnathil ninnu rakshappedumennu eee thalavan pratheekshichu. ennaal viceroi thante pradesham kootticherkkaanum athu bharikkanaayi oru udyogasthane niyamikkaanum nirddeshichathaayi kettappol addeham madangiyethi 40,000 roopa kappam nalkaan sammathichu. ahmedabadilekku madangunna vazhiyil, mubaris-ull-mulk jalavaadayile halvaadiloode kadannupoyi, avide aaa jillayude thalavanaaya jala prathaapasinginte makale vivaham kazhichu, athanusarichu addeham kappam nalkunnathil ninnu ozhivaakki. eee samayathaan viceroic thaan pidicheduttha chila bhoomi punasthaapikkaan chakravartthiyude utharavu labhichathu, anusarikkaan addeham visammathichathinal panchaabile addehathinte chila estettukal punaraarambhichu.
ithinidayil kantajiyude valarthumakanaaya krishnaaji chambaanarine pettennu akramikkukayum aaa kotta pidichedukkukayum cheythu, annumuthal kantajiyude ejantumaar kappatthinte vihitam shekharikkunnathinaayi gujaraathil sthiramaayi thudarnnu.
1728-ll mantri momin khaan marikkukayum addehathinu pakaram chakravarty momin khaante sahodaran abdul gunny khaane thiranjedukkukayum cheythu. eee samayathaan junagad gavarnaraaya asad aliyum marikkukayum addehathinte maranasayyayil aaa kottayude deputy govarnoraayi salabat mohammed khaan babiye niyamikkukayum cheythath. salabat mohammed khaan thante makan sherr khaan babiye thanikkuvendi pravartthikkaan ayachu. asad aaliyude maranathekkurichu kettappol chakravarty parethanaaya asad aaliyude makan gulam muhiyuddin khaane govarnoraayi niyamichu. gulam muhi-udh-dhiin junagadilekku neengiyillengilum pilajiyo kantajio gujarathinu oru samrakshanavum nalkunnillennu manassilakki sherr khaan babiye thante deputy aayi thudarnnu, marichu athu kollayadichu, bajirao peshwayude ofarukalode adachu, 1729 ll pravishyayude varumaanathinte naalilonn, patthilonnu oharikal addehathinu audyogikamaayi nalki. athanusarichu peshwa thante sahodaran chimnajiraavine kappam shekharikkaan ayachu. chimnaji dholka chambaanarinaduthulla raajyavum kollayadichu, athesamayam mubaris-ull-mulk vaathrak nadiyude theerathulla thalavanmaaril ninnu kappam vaangi. kantaji ippol gujaraathil praveshichu chimnaji viceroy thanikkethire onnichaal yudhathinu thayyaaredukkunnu. addehathinte prasthaanangalkk thadassamundaayilla, kappam shekharicha sesham addeham sorathilekku viramichu. viceroi ippol kolikalkkethire march cheyyukayum avaril palareyum avarude bharyamaareyum kuttikaleyum nashippicha sesham modasa, ahammadnagar (himmatnagar) vazhi ahammadaabaadilekk madangukayum cheythu. ithuvare thante commandylake neengiyittillaattha junagad govarnor gulam muhi-udh-dhiin khaan randaamathe deputy aayi niyamichu. visroyiyude swaadheenathiloode eee niyamanam sthireekarikkappettil, pakaram salabat mohammed khaante makan sherr khaan babiye aaa kottayude chumatala ealppichu.
1729ll soorathil tapti nadiyil undaaya kanatha vellappokkavum praadeshikamaayi oru paridhivare gurutharamaaya aswasthathayum adayaalappeduthi. soorathile sambannanaaya musleem vyaapaariyaaya mullah mohammed aaliyaan samgharshathinu pradhana kaaranam. umada-thuth-tujjar allengil vyaapaarikalude thalavan enna nilayil, nagaratthil ithinakam oru prathyeka padavi undaayirunna eee manushyan, akkaalathe vairudhyangal muthaleduthu oru swatantra bharanaadhikaariyude sthaanathekku uyaran pralobhippikkappettu. eee lakshyathode, addeham ghoga thuramukhathinaduthulla cambay ulkkadalile piram dweep thante aasthaanamaayi thiranjedukkukayum dweep shakthippeduthunnathinum kudiyettakkaare thante samrakshanathin keezhil nirthaan pralobhippikkunnathinum ganyamaaya thuka chelavazhikkukayum cheythu. piram janapriyamallaathathinaal, mullah mohammed thapthiyude idathuvashathulla athwa graamatthil, athinte vaayil ninnu ekadesham panthrand mile akale sthaapichu. ivide addeham oru kotta nirmmikkaan thudangi, pakshe soorathile gavarnaraaya sorab khaan nirddeshikkappetta kotta moonnu mile maathram akaleyulla nagaratthil ninnu pinmaran utharavittu. mullah mohammed anusarikkathe, suurath kottayude commander bagler-begg khaane thannodoppam nilkkaan prerippichu. athanusarichu, pittennu, thante swantham sahodaran tegbeg khaane sooraathinte govarnoraayi niyamichathaayi prakhyaapichu, govarnor sorab khaante vasathi bagler-begg khaan bombittu. oduvil, chakravartthiyude utharavu labhikkathe nagaratthile audyogika vasathi tegbeg khaanu kaimaran sorabine prerippichathinetthudar addehathe neekkam cheiyunnathinaayi praarthikkaan mullah mohammed alii nagaratthile pradhana vyaapaarikale prerippichu.
athe varsham, 1729-ll, jawan mardh khaan babiye petlaadinte govarnoraayi thiranjedutthu, alii mohammed khaane ahammadbaadinte kalaktaraayi niyamichu, alii muhammadinte makan "mirat-iii-ahamed" enna grandhatthinte rachayithaavumaaya alii muhammadinte makaneyum addehathinte sahodaran aaa jillayude kasttams govarnor sooprandumaayi niyamichu. alii mohammed khaan taamasiyaathe raajivaykkukayum addehathinte pingamiyaayi ruu-inn khaan adhikaaramelkkukayum cheythu. eee samayat bhaaroochinu pathinanju mile kizhakkayi bhatod ennirikkaam baalorile kolikale shikshikkunna samayat, aaa gothratthile oru manushyan jwan mardh khaan babiye kollukayum addehathinte maranathinu prathikaaramaayi balore pattanam kollayadikkappedukayum cheythu. jawan mardh khaante maranashesham, salabat mohammed khaan baabiyude abhyarthana maanich, addehathinte mootha makan kamal-udh-dhiin khaan babic saami, munjpur jillakalum jawan mardh khaan enna padaviyum labhichu. athe samayam safdar khaan enna padaviyulla randaamathe makan mohammed anvarine radhanpur sarkkaarilekku niyamichu. viceroi ippol naadiyadilekku pooyi, avide jawan maard khaante ejantaaya raie kishandas petlaad jilla krishiyidathil sweekarichu. naadiyil ninnu, mubaris-ull-mulk barodaykku pathinanju mile vadakku maahi nadiyude theerathulla revakandayile bhadravayude thalavanaaya sardaarsinghil ninnu kappam shekharikkaan pooyi, kurachu poraattangalkku sesham oru roopa nalkaan sammathichu. 20000. ahammadabadilekkulla madakkayaathrayil viceroi barodaykku pathinanju mile padinjaaru umettayude medhaaviyil ninnu kappam chumatthi. petlaadinte krishiyidathinu anuvadicha thuka nalkunnathil raay kishandas parajayappettathinaal addehathe thadavilaakkaan utharavu purappeduvichu. avahelanathil ninnu svayam rakshikkaanaayi addeham aathmahathya cheythu.
kantaji sorathil ninnu madangiyethiyappol addeham sanandil camp cheyyukayum addehathinte unnatha kavalkkar avide meyunna visroyiyude chila aanakale kondupookukayum cheythu. purushanmaare pinthudaraan ayachu, pakshe vyarthamaayi, maraathakal rakshapettu. athesamayam, soorathil mullah mohammed alii athvayil kottayude nirmmaanam thudarnnu. oduvil addehathinte koottaaliyaaya suurath kottayude kamaandaraaya begler-begg khaan, atwa kotta poortthiyaakkiyaal mullaykku suurath thuramukhathinte vyaapaarathe thadassappeduthaan kazhiyumennu manassilakkaan thudangi. thathfalamaayi addeham nirmmaanam nirthaan utharavittu. ithokkeyaanengilum, sooraathinte govarnoraayi sthireekarikkumennu vaagdaanam cheythukondu thante kottayumaayi munnott pookaan anuvadikkanamennu sorab khaane prerippikkunnathil mullah vijayichu. sorab khaan sammathikkukayum kotta poortthiyaakkukayum sorab khaane govarnoraayi niyamikkukayum cheythu. kotta soorathinu thottupinnilaayirunnathil soorathinte varumanam valareyadhikam kuranju, valare vaikumbol sorab khaan thante thettu kandu.
1730-ll mubaris-ull-mulk thekkukizhakkan kathiyavaadile gohilwadilek pooyi sihore thalavan bhaavsinghil ninnu kappam chumatthi; thudarnnu addeham porbandarinu keezhilulla madhupur enna pattanatthilekku pooyi athu pazhaakki. madhupooril vivaahanischayam nadathumbol, vaisroyiyumaayulla chila thettidhaaranakal kaaranam antharicha momin khaante marumakanaaya momin khaan pettennu ahmedabadilekku purappedukayum ahmedabadil ninnu aagrayilekku pookukayum cheythu. viceroi ippol kachilekku march cheyyukayum bhujinethire munneriya ekadesham aii. dii. 1 "mahmoodikal" yude vaarshika kappam vaagdaanam nirasikkukayum cheythu. kachu raan kadakkaan addehathinu valia budhimuttu anubhavapettu, ravo ellah vitharanavum nirthivachathinaal, athe samayam ahammadaabaadil samgharshangalekkurichulla vaarthakal vannappol, onnara maasathinu sesham addeham radhanpurilekku viramikkaan nirbandhithanaayi.
chila puthiya nikuthikal chumathiyathil ninnu uyarnnuvanna ahamedbad kalaapangale adichamarthaan mirat-iii-ahmedy rachaithaavinodu utharavidukayum hassan mohammed khaan enna padavi nalkukayum cheythu. eee varsham viramgaamile desaayiyaaya udaikaranine aaa pattanatthile alii enna kasbati kolappedutthi, eee kolapaathakathekkurichu anweshikkaan ayacha salabat mohammed khaan baabi, ahmedabinu athirvashathulla sabarmathiyude valath theerathulla paldy graamatthil vazhimadhye marichu.
maharaja abheysingh, ambathimoonnaamathe viceroi, 1730-1733.
1730ll jodhpoorile maharaja abheysingh vaisroyiyaayi niyamikkappedukayum paalanpooriletthukayum cheythu. kramatthinte suhruthukkal maharajavum antharicha viceroy thammil samadhaanaparamaaya oru kaimaattam krameekarikkaan shramichuvenkilum mubaris-ull-mulk yudhasaadhyathakal pareekshikkaan theerumaanikkukayum prathirodhatthinu thayyarakukayum cheythu. eee samayat gulam muhiyuddin khaante deputy mirr ismaayil ethi sherr khaan babiyil ninnu junagad sarkkaarinte chumatala etteduthu. vividha niyamanagalkk sesham maharaja abheysingh thante sahodaran vakhathsinginodum 20,000 aalukalodum oppam gujaraathinte sarkkar ettedukkaan purappettu. addeham palanpuril ethi, mubaris-ull-mulkk prathirodhatthil dridanishchayamullavanenna kandappol, sardar mohammed ghornikku thante manthriyaayi niyamikkaanum ahamedbad nagaram kaivashappeduthaanum antharicha viceroy puratthaakkaanum nirddeshikkaanum addeham oru utharavu ayachu. eee utharavukal palikkaan sardar mohammed shakthanallathathinaal addeham mahaaraajaavinte varavinayi kaathirunnu. maharajavu siddhpooril athiyappol addehathodoppam raadhanpooril ninnulla safdar khaan babby jawan mardh khaan babby chernnu. thudarnnu avar ahammadaabaadil ninnu ettu mile maathram akaleyulla adalajilekku orumichu munneri, avarude sainyam anudinam vardhichukondirunnu.
mubaris-ull-mulk ithinakam adalajin nagaratthinum idayil paalayamirangukayum mahaaraajaavinte sameepabhaviyil oru yuddham nadakkukayum athil maharajavu paraajayappedukayum cheythu. abheysingh thante sthaanam maattukayum mattoru raktharookshithamaaya ettumuttal nadakkukayum athil irupakshavum ethir kamaandare kollan sramikkukayum cheythu. ennaal mubaris-ull-mulkum maharajavum saadhaarana sainikarude veshammari pooraadiyathinaal irupaarttikalum vijayichilla. thudakkathil sthaanathil nettamundaayirunna maharajavu shathruvine pinthirippichuvenkilum mubaris-ull-mulk naditirat valare kadinamaayi poraadi, raathodukal vazhithetti. avar aninirannu oru nirashaajanakamaaya akramanam koodi nadatthi, pakshe avar neridukayum pinthirippikkukayum oduvil sarkheju vare pinthudarukayum cheythu. athra ethirppu pratheekshikkaattha maharajavu, appozhum ettavum poornnamaayum ethirkkaan dridanishchayamulla mubaris-ull-mulkkumaayi charcha cheyyaan momin khaaneyum amarsinghin ayachu. mugaris-ull-mulkkinu oru laksham roopa labhikkanamennum ahamed mohammed maharajavinu keezhadanganamennum oduvil sammathichu. athanusarichu mubaris-ull-mulk nagaram upekshichu udaipur vazhi agrayilekku purappettu.
ahamedaabaadil praveshicha maharajavu rathansinh bhandari thante deputy aayi niyamikkukayum momin khaante cussin fidavuddin khaane sitti poleesinte chumatala ealppikkukayum cheythu. taamasiyaathe maharajavine gujaarathilekku anugamicha palanpur govarnor karimdad khaan jhalori marichu. salabat mohammed khaan baabiyude maranashesham addehathinte makan sherr khaan babiye junagad sarkkaaril ninnu pirichuvittu. addeham thante estettaaya ghogayilekku viramichu, maharajavu ahammadaabaadil athiyappol addeham viceroy oru aanayum kurachu kuthirakalum sammaanichu. maharajavu thante pithaavin nalkiyirikkunna bhoomi sthireekarikkukayum addehathinte nadapadi chakravarty ariyikkukayum cheythu.
momin khaane kambeyude bharanadhikaariyaakki, addehathinte cussin fida-udh-dhiin khaane aaa nagaratthinaduthulla bhoomiyude govarnoraayi niyamichu, athinte varumanam maharajavinu nalkiyirunnu. maaraathakalekkurichulla bhayam valare valuthaayirunnu, soorathil ninnu thiranjedukkappetta gavarnaraaya mustafid khaan, karayiloode nerittu pookunnathinupakaram cambayilekku pooyi. cambail ninnu addeham baruchilekku thamasam maarukayum baroochil ninnu pilji gaikwarumaayi charchakal nadathukayum sooraathinte kaivashappedutthal nilanirthaan anuvadikkukayaanenkil, athinte varumaanathinte naalilonn pilji nalkumennu vaagdaanam cheyyukayum cheythu. pilaji sammathichu, pakshe sooraathinte kaivashamundaayirunna sorab khaan athu mustafid khaanu kaimaran visammathichu. eee varshavum maharaja abheysinghinte sahodaranaaya vaakhatsingh pathaante govarnoraayi niyamikkappedukayum addehathinu vendi pravartthikkaan oru deputy ayaykkukayum cheythu. ekadesham athe samayam thanne antharicha viceroi mubaris-ull-mulkkinte anuyayiyaaya mirr fakhr-udh-dhiin addehathe rahasyamaayi upekshichu ahammadbadilekku varikayum maharajavumayulla oru abhimukhathil junagadinte deputy govarnor sthaanam svanthamaakkukayum cheythu. addeham thante niyamanam ettedukkaan thudangiyappol mirr ismaayil addehathe ethirkkukayum amrelikkaduthu nadanna oru yudhathil kollappedukayum cheythu. karimdad khaan jhaloriyude makan mohammed pahaarine pithaavinte thudarchayaayi paalaanpoorinte govarnoraayi niyamikkukayum jawan mardh khaane vadnagarilekku ayaykkukayum cheythu.
1731-ll bajirao peshwa oru sainyathinte thalavanayi gujaraathil praveshichu barodaykkethire munneri, thudarnnu pilaji gaikwaarinte kaivashappedutthi. pinneedu, maharajavinte shanaprakaaram addeham ahammadbadine sandarshikkukayum shahi bagil vaisroyiyumaayi koodikkaazhcha nadathukayum cheythu. eee yogathil baroda gavarnaraaya asmatullah aaa pattanam kaivashappeduthunnathinum pilaji gaikwarine purathaakkunnathinum bajirao sahaayikkanamenn sammathichu. eee krameekaranatthiloode viceroi peshwa piljikkethire kalikkunnathiloode pilji ozhivaakkunnathil vijayikkumennu pratheekshichappol pilji baroda upekshikkaan nirbandhithanaakkappettaal thaan thanne aaa nagaram kaivashappeduthanamennu peshwa uddeshichu. athanusarichu, visroyiyude oru sainyathodoppam peshwa barodayilekku march cheythu. nissam-ull-mulk thanikkethire gujaraathilekku munnerunnathaayi peshwa kettappol avar nagaram uparodhichath apoorvamaayirunnu. barodaykkethiraaya ellah pravartthanangalum upekshichu, peshwa ellah vegathayilum dakhaanilekku pinwangi. vazhiyil addeham trimbakrao senapathiyude sainyathe nerittu, avar pilaji kantaji, udaji paavar ennivarumaayi chernnu gujaraathile peshwayude veshangale cherukkaan onnichu, koodaathe nisaamumaayi rahasyamaayi bandhappettirunnu.
peshwa vijayikkukayum thrayambakraav vadhikkappedukayum cheytha oru ettumuttal nadannu. soorathil ninnu patthu mile uyarathil tapti nadiyile ghaala camrejil thambadichirunna aaa thalavan thante bagej kollayadichuvenkilum nissam ozhivakkaan padhathiyitta peshwa udan thanne dakhaanilekku thallappettu.
abdullah baig broachil nisaaminte deputy aayi niyamithanaayi.
eee mattangalil kottayude shakti kaaranam maraathakalkku pidichedukkaan kazhiyaatha barooch nagaram bharichirunnathu mubaris-ull-mulk aaa commandylake aadyam niyamicha udyogasthanaaya abdullah baig aayirunnu. gujaraathinte sarkkar abheysinghinte kaikalilayirikkanamennathil athrupthi prakadippicha abdullah baig 1731-ll nisaamumaayi charcha nadatthi, baroochine nisaaminte deputy aayi nilanirthaan vaagdaanam cheythu. nissam-ull-mulk sammathikkukayum abdullah thante deputy aayi niyamikkukayum neck aalam khaan enna padavi nalkukayum cheythu. ekadesham athe samayam visroyiyude sahodaranaaya vaakhatsingh jodhpoorile nagore medhaavithvathilekku pinmaarukayum asmathullah aagrayilekku pookukayum cheythu. dakhaan bajirao peshwayile surakshithamaaya varavinushesham nisaamumaayi oru karaaril earppedukayum athinte nibandhanakal prakaram dholka, barooch, jambusar, makbulabad ennivayude graantukal nisaamilekku thudarukayum cheythu. momin khaanu petlaadinte phaam labhichu, gujaraathinte varumaanathil ninnu addeham nediya vihithathil kantaji sthireekarikkappettu. 1732-ll shambalakkaaranaaya amanatdar khaan marikkukayum addehathinte pingamiyaayi gulam hassan khaan mujahid-udh-dhiin khaane thante deputy aayi niyamikkukayum cheythu. mullah mohammed aliyude swaadheenathiloode, sorab alii ippol sooraathinte govarnoraayi sthireekarikkappedukayum mustafid khaan ahammadbadilekku madangaan baadhyasthanaakukayum cheythu.
maricha khanderao dabhade senapathiyude ejantu enna nilayilum, sangad kottayude udama enna nilayilum, bhillukaludeyum kolikaludeyum sakhyakakshiyenna nilayilum, swaabhaavikamaayum viceroi abheysinghinte vashathulla oru mullaayirunnu pilaji gaikwar. aduthide baroda pattanavum sakthamaaya dabhoy kotta etteduthathu pilaji kooduthal sakthamaakki. eee saahacharyangalil, baroda dabhoi veendedukkaan deerghakaalamaayi aagrahichirunna abheysingh, pilaji vadhikkan theerumaanichu, ithu vishudha gramamaaya daakorile oru marwadi nadappaakki. barodaykku pathinaalu mile vadakkulla savli graamatthil pilajiyude mrithadeham kathichu maaraathakal kolayaliye vadhich mahikk kuruke pinwangi. thudarnnu avar baroda jilla ozhippichu dabhoy kottayilekku madangi. pilajiyude maranavaartha ketta viceroi udan thanne maaraathakalkkethire munnerukayum baroda kaivashappedutthiya sesham dabhoi uparodhikkukayum cheythu. eee kotta pidichedukkaan addehathinu kazhinjilla, mazhakkalam aarambhichathinal saadhanangal kuravaayathinaal addeham viramikkaan nirbandhithanaayi. thudarnnu addeham barodayilekku pookukayum sherr khaan babiye nagaratthinte chumatala ealppicha sesham ahammadbadilekku madangukayum cheythu. 1732ll gujaraathine shaamam nashippichu.
athesamayam, suurath mullayil athwayile mohammed alii veendum aswasthathaykku kaaranamaayi. suurath gavarnaraaya sorab khaan oru laksham roopa aavasyappettathine balamaayi athirthukondu, surab khaane nagaratthil ninnu purathaakkunnathil addeham vijayichu, thudarnnu suurath sarkkaarine bagler-begg khaante sahodaranaaya tegbeg khaan pidichadakki. sorab khaanethiraaya mullayude vijayam addehathe thante sthaanam marakkaan prerippikkukayum govarnorude offeesile ellah chinnangalum addeham ahankaaram kaanikkukayum thante makan mullah fakhr-udh-dinte peril soorathinte gavarnarshippinu pettant aavasyappettu chakravarthikku kathezhuthukayum cheythu. eee ashayavinimayangal vahikkunna sandeshavaahakare tegbeginte pakshakkar broachil thadanju, avar uthkandayude eee sakthamaaya kaaranam neekkam cheyyaan theerumaanichu. oru vinodathinaayi mohammed aliye kshanicha tegbeg khaan addehathe thadavilaakkukayum rund varsham jayilil paarppicha sesham 1734ll addehathe vadikkukayum cheythu. tegbeg athwa kotta pidichedukkukayum athu kollayadikkukayum cheythu. suurath veendedukkaan kazhiyillennu kandu sorab khaan sayyid valiyodoppam bandhukkal thaamasichirunna ghogayilekku pooyi, avide ninnu bhavnagarilekku thamasam maari. enthaanu sambhavichathenn kettappol chakravarty soorathilekku momin khaaneyum cambayilekku tegbeg khaaneyum niyamichu. momin khaan addehathinu vendi pravartthikkaan sayyid nurullaye ayachu, pakshe addehathe tegbeg khaan paraajayappeduthi, pinneedu 1733 ll bahadoor enna padaviyode soorathinte govarnoraayi audyogikamaayi niyamikkappedaan addeham padhathiyittu.
khanderao senapathiyude vidhavayaya umabay, pilaji gaikwaarinte kolapaathakathekkurichu kettappol, addehathinte maranathinu prathikaram cheyyaan avar theerumaanichu. oru sainyathe shekharikkukayum thante kantaji kadam, pilajiyude makan damaji gaikwar ennivare koottikkondupoyi avar ahammadbadilekku munneri. maaraathakalkku jeevaraj enna rajput nethaavine kollunnathinekkaal kooduthal cheyyaan kazhiyaathe vannathinaal avar poruthappettu. oduvil varumaanathinte naalilonn, patthilonnu oharikalkku purame 80,000 roopa ahamedbad treasuryil ninnu nalkanamennum panam nalkunnathuvare jawan mardh khaane bandiyaakkanamennum sammathichu. eee avasarathil addehathinte sevanagalkk jawan mardh khaane virangam govarnoraayi niyamichu. eee varsham oru saamraajyathva utharavu shantidas javeriyude makan khushalchand shetine nagar sheth allengil ahammadbaadinte mukhya vyaapaariyaayi niyamichu. maraathakal ahammadbadinu oru mile thekk rasoolabad kollayadikkukayum athinte mikacha library kollayadikkukayum cheythu. umabi ippol barodayilekku march cheyyukayum govarnor sherr khaan baabi maaraathakale ethirkkaan thayyarakukayum cheythu. ennaal sherr khaanu oru sandesham ayacha umabi, thaan maharajavumaayi oru samadhaanam avasaanippichuvennum aswasthathayillaathe kadannupokaan kashtappettuvennum vishadeekarichu. maharajavu cheytha krameekaranangalil samthrupthanaaya chakravarty addehathinu oru bahumaanavastram sammaanichu.
rathansinh bhandari, deputy viceroi, 1733-1737.
eee varsham maharajavu jodhpur vazhi kodathiyil pooyi rathansinh bhandari thante deputy aayum "mirat-iii-ahamed" enna warta recorderinte rachayithavaayum niyamichu. 1733-ll, junagad gavarnaraaya gulam muhiyuddin khaan marikkukayum addehathinte makan mirr hazabra khaan addehathinte sthaanam niraykkaan thiranjedukkappedukayum cheythu.
athesamayam, maraathakalkku avarude avakashangal labhikkathathinaal, umabayiyude makan jadoji dabhade gujaraathilekku madangi. munkaala adisthaanathil samadhaanam avasaanikkukayum jadoji krithyamaaya kappam kodukkunnathinaayi sorathilekku march cheyyukayum cheythu. eee varsham chunwalileyum cancrejileyum kolikal niravadhi athikramangal nadathukayum paattan jillayil oru rajput prabhuvine kollayadikkukayum cheythu. ithinidayil sihore thalavanaaya bhavsinghji dayaapoorvam sweekarichirunna soorathile muun gavarnaraaya sorab khaan oru anuyayi tirikkaan thudangukayum sorathile kudissika shekharikkaan niyamikkappedukayum cheythu. addeham sayyid nurullaye thante deputy aayi thiranjedukkukayum eee varshathe varumanam veendedukkaan addehathe ayakkukayum cheythu.
salabat khaan baabiyude maranashesham, thante pithaavin pakaram sherr khaan babiye niyamikkaan maharajavu shramichenkilum, barhan-ull-mulkkinu ghoga nalkiyirunnu, addeham sorab khaane thante deputy aayi thiranjedutthu. eee samayat sherr khaan baabi barodayilaayirunnu, addehathinte ilaya sahodaran ethirthengilum ghoga vidaan nirbandhithanaayi. sorab khaante adichamarthal perumaattathekkurichu sorathile deputy govarnor governorode parathippettu. ennaal burhan-ull-mulk sorabine pinthunaykkukayum soraathinte sarkkar swanthamaakki sorab khaane thante deputy aayi junagadilekku ayakkukayum cheythu. 1734-ll deputy viceroi rathansinh bhandari, viramgamile paarambarya udyogasthanaaya udaikarante makan bhaavasinghine jawan-mardh khaan pidikoodaanum jayililadaykkaanum ahammadbadilekku ayaykkaanum utharavittu. jawan-mardh khaan bhaavsinghine arast cheiyunnathuvare pooyi, pakshe addehathe mochippikkaan addehathinte anuyaayikal nirbandhithanaayi.
1734-ll baroda gavarnaraaya sherr khaan baabi, barodayile mohammed sarbaasine barodayil kamaandaraayi upekshichu, balasinarile thante bhoomi sandarshikkaan pooyi, piljiyude sahodaran mahadaji gaikwar, pinneedu jamboosarine kaivasham vachukondu, sahaayathinaayi daamaajiyilekk songadilekku ayachu, sakthamaaya sainyavumayi barodayilekku march cheythu. gaarisan dheeramaaya prathirodham nadathukayum baalasinarile aakramanathekkurichu ketta sherr khaan deputy viceroi rathansinh bhandariyodu sahayam abhyarthikkukayum addeham cambay govarnor momin khaane sherr khaanoppam cheraanum maaraathakale thirichayakkaanum nirddeshikkukayum cheythu. barodaykkayi sherr khaan udan thanne aarambhichu. ennaal sherr khaane neridaan pattanam thante sainyathinte bhooribhaagavum munnott kondupokunnathinu munbu mahadaji mathiyaya sainyam upekshichu, adhehavum addehathinte aalukalum dhairyathode pooraadiyengilum addehathe paraajayappeduthi, thudarnnu barodayilekku madangi, sherr khaan balasinorilekku viramichu. sherr khaante paraajayathinu sesham ethiya momin khaan, maaraathakalumaayi edapazhakunnathu vivekapoornamaanennu karuthathe cambayilekku viramichu. athinidayil, sahaayathil pratheekshayillaatha barodayude kaaval seena nagaram keezhadakki, aaa divasam muthal 1947 ll indiayude swaathanthryam labhikkunnathuvare baroda gaikwar kudumbatthinte aasthaanamaayi thudarnnu.
jawan mardh khaan viramgathile bhavsinghine pidikoodiyathumuthal addeham valareyadhikam ishtappedaathavanaayi. ekkaaranathaal deputy viceroi rathansinh bhandari addehathe kadiyilekkum vijayapurilekkum maattukayum pakaram sherr khaan babiye niyamikkukayum cheythu, addehathinte pithaav mohammed salabat khaan baabi viramgaaminte janapriya gavarnaraayirunnu. eee samayat petlaad gavarnaraaya dhanrup bhandari marikkukayum nadiad, arhar-mattar, petlaad, mahudha jillakalile phaam momin khaanu nalkukayum cheythu. mullah mohammed alikk soorathile thadavil ninnu nisaminu kathukal ezhuthaan kazhinju; aaa thalavan ippol soorathil ninnu adhikam akaleyallaathathinaal, addehathe mochippikkaan addeham tegbeg khaanu adiyanthiramaayi kathezhuthi. tegbeg khaan mullah kollukayum nisaaminte doothanu kaikkooli nalkukayum mochithanaayappol thaan santhoshathode marichuvennu parayukayum cheythu. ahmedaabaadile vyaapaarikalude thalavanaaya khushaalchand, rathansinghumaayi abhipraayavyathyaasamundaayil nagaram vidaan nirbandhithanaayi, cambayilum pinneedu junagadilum abhayam thedi.
maharajah abheysinghinte sahodaranmaraaya anandasinghil ninnum raisingle ninnum idar keezhadakkanulla roopakalppana jawan mardh khaan vibhavanam cheythu. athanusarichu addeham idaarilekku munneri, kattosaanile aghraaji koliyeyum elol kantayile koolii amra sakhyakakshikalayi kondupoyi. eee kadalidukkil anandesingh raising eee samayat malvayil undaayirunna malharao holkarinteyum ranoji sindhiyayudeyum sahayam thedi. maraatha medhaavikal udan thanne idaarinte sahaayathinaayi march cheyyukayum, maraatha sahaayathinte report vishwasikkaathe, oru valia seena svayam athirkkunnathuvare jawan maard khaan munnerunnathu thudarukayum cheythu. charchakal nadakkukayum, motham thukayude 25,000 roopa oresamayam nalkaanum, jamaa thuka adaykkunnathuvare jamaa thuka adaykkaanum, jamaa mardh khaante sahodaran sorawar khaaneyum, aghraaji koliyude ejantu ajabsingh bandikalaakkaanum, jawan mardh khaan sammathikkukayum cheythu. eee varsham soorathile tegbeg khaan ahamed chalabi enna sambannanaaya oru vyaapaariye vadikkukayum addehathinte swath kandukettukayum cheythu. chila afghanmar sayyid aaliye vadhikkanum addeham utharavittu.
1735-ll dholka rathansinh bhandaric niyamikkukayum burhan-ull-mulkkinte swaadheenathiloode sorab khaane viramgaaminte govarnoraayi niyamikkukayum cheythu. rathansinh ithine ethirkkukayum oduvil maharaja abheysinghinu viraamgam nalkukayum cheythu. eee utharavu sorab khaanil athiyappol addeham athu burhan-ull-mulkkilekku ayachu, burhan-ull-mulkkinte prathishedhangalude anantharafalamaayi krameekaranangal maattukayum sorab khaane govarnoraayi niyamikkukayum cheythu. eee sorab khaanmel, junagadil sadak aliye deputy aayi upekshichu, viramgamilekku march cheythu; athesamayam, sorab khaante sameepanam ketta rathansinh bhaandaari, momin khaaneyum mattullavareyum thante sahaayathinaayi vilichuvaruthi, swantham sainyavumayi dholkkayilekku neengukayum kothu kollayadikkukayum cheythu. kotthil ninnu addeham munnott pooyi sorab khaante campil ninnu ekadesham patthu mile akaleyulla harala paalayamirangi, ivide addehathe pinthunaykkaan vilicha momin khaanum mattullavarum addehathodoppam chernnu.
eee sainyangalude aikyathin sesham addeham dhandhukayil ninnu aarr mile akaleyulla dholiyilekk march cheythu, avide sorab khaan paalayamirangi. samadhaanam avasaanikkanamennum chakravarty anthima utharavukal purappeduvikkunnathuvar sorab khaan viraamgam aaswadikkanamennum rathansinh bhandari ippol nirddeshichu. safdar khaan babby mattullavarum sorab khaanilekku pooyi eee nibandhanakalkku sammatham moolaanaayi addehathe konduvaraan shramichu; pakshe addeham chevikkondilla, irupakshathum yudhathinulla thayyaareduppukal nadatthi. pittennu ratri rathansinh bhandari sorab khaante campinu nere akramanam nadatthaan padhathiyittu. athbhutham poortthiyaayi. sorab khaante sainyam oodi rakshappedukayum maarakamaayi parikkelkkukayum taamasiyaathe marikkukayum cheythu. sorab khaante maranathode cassim baig khaante kudumbam vamshanasham sambhavichu. kathivaarile sihoril addehathe samskarichu.
eee vijayathin sesham orotta kuthirappadayaliyaanu rund sthalangalil rathansinh bhandari akramikkukayum parikkelppikkukayum cheythath. kuthirappadayaaliye udan thanne vadhichu, pakshe arcum avane thirichariyaan kazhinjilla. rund maasathinullil parikkukalil ninnu karakayariya rathansinh, aduthideyulla pooraattatthil aaa udyogasthan sorab khaanumayi pankedutthathinaal ippol momin khaane akramikkaan theerumaanichu. raathansinghinte uddeshyangalekkurichu ketta momin khaan cambayilekku pinwangi. eee varsham, mahuda, arhar-maathar, nadiad ennivayude krishiyidangalude kaalavadhi avasaanichathode eee jillakal momin khaanil ninnu safdar khaan babiyilekku maatti. sherr khaan baabiyude sthaanathu viramgamilekku kaliyanchandine niyamichu, sorab khaanu pakaram muhasin khaan khaalviye soraathinte deputy govarnoraayi niyamichu.
eee samayathaan gujarattile prathinidhiyayi umabi thiranjeduttha damaji gaikwar thante ejantaayi pravartthikkaan rangoji niyamichathu. thante avakashangal avaganikkapetta eee krameekaranatthil asamthripthanaayirunna kantaji gujaraathilekku march cheythu. rangoji addehathe kandumuttukayum khedaykku irupathiyanchu mile thekk-kizhakk anand-mogriyil oru yuddham nadakkukayum athil kantaji paraajayappedukayum makan kollappedukayum cheythu. eee vipareethathinte anantharafalamaayi kantaji petlaadilekku viramichu. rangoji ethirkkaan thante sainyathodoppam petlaadinu sameepam aniniranna momin khaan, mamagic raajyathinte varumaanathinte naalilonn bhagam labhikkanam enna vyavasthayil samadhaanam avasaanicha cambayilekku viramikkaan nirbandhithanaayi. eee yudhangal nadanna jillakal safdar khaan baabiyude krishiyidathil nadannathinaal addehathinu valareyadhikam nashtam sambhavikkukayum thathfalamaayi radhanpurilekku viramikkukayum cheythu. rangojiyodoppam damaji gaikwar chernnu, eee rund nethaakkalum orumichu dholkkayilekku pooyi.
avar avide aayirunnappol, maarvaadikalil ninnu thanikk undaaya deshyam kaaranam, thante pithaav udaykkarante kolapaathakathinu kasabaathikalodu prathikaram cheyyaamennathinaal, viramgaamile bhavsingh avare aaa pattanatthilekku kshanichu. athanusarichu addeham maaraathakale sammathikkukayum pithaavinte kolayaaliyude sahodaran daulathu mohammed tankine kollukayum bakkiyulla kasbaadikale puratthaakkukayum cheythu, athesamayam marwadi bharanadhikaariyaaya kalianu ahammadbadilekku pookaan anuvaadam nalki. viramgamile rangojiyil ninnu erangi, damaji thalavanmaaril ninnu kappam eedaakkaan sorathilekku march cheyyukayum thante kudissikayude oru bhagam shekharicha sesham dakhaanilekku madangukayum cheythu. adutha varsham (1736) rangoji raajyam pazhaakki dholkkaykkaduthulla bawla vare munneri. deputy viceroi rathansinh bhandari addehathinethire march cheyyukayum viramikkal nadatthaan nirbandhikkukayum cheythu. rathensingh maaraathakale pinthudarnnu viraamgaamilekku pookukayum avarude bagej pidichedukkukayum avare akramikkukayum paraajayappedutthukayum cheythuvenkilum avar pattanatthil abhayam thedunnathu thadayunnathil parajayappettu. eee samayathaan sarnalil undaayirunna, allengil tasra ennu vilikkappedunna chila maraatha kuthirakal aaa bhaagangalile kolikalumaayi chernnu kapadvanchinethire munnerukayum gurutharamaaya prathirodhamillathe nagaram pidichadakkunnathil vijayikkukayum cheythath. athesamayam, rathansinh thante sahaayathinaayi momin khaane vilichuvaruthiyenkilum, cambail swaathanthryam aasoothranam cheyyaan thudangiyathinaal addeham varaan vaikiyirunnu.
daamaajiyude sahodaranaaya prathapparum devaji takpar 10,000 kuthirakalumayi ahmedabadilekku munnerunnathaayi ratansingh bhandari kettu. aadyam addeham ithu thante khanikal aarude mathilukalilekku athiyirunnuvo aaa viramgathil ninnu thanne aakarshikkanulla oru upakaranamaayi karuthi. eee report sariyaanennu vishwaasayogyaraaya chaaranmaril ninnu kandethiya addeham virangam uparodham uyarthukayum ahammadaabaadilekk vegathil madangukayum prathaapine kaanaan munnott pookukayum vaathrakkinte theerathulla thalavanmaaril ninnu kappam vaangukayum cheythu. prathapavu aduthethiyappol, bheel jillayile govarnor addehathinu munbu viramikkukayum addeham thante munnettam thudarukayum, valaadiloodeyum pethaapooriloodeyum kadannupokukayum, angane chhaala vazhi dholkkayilethukayum cheythu. ivide, dholka gavarnaraaya mohammed ismaayil vazhi addeham varumaanathil thante punk bhandariyodu aavasyappettu. pinneedu, 2000 kuthirakale dholkayil upekshichu addeham dandukayilekku pooyi. ithinidayil bajirao peshwayude anuyayiyaayirunna kantaji, malharao holkarinoppam chernnu idaarilekku munneri, danthaykkethire vannu aaa pattanam kollayadichu. danthayil sthirathaamasamaakkiya vadnagar pattanatthile chila nagar braahmanar kunnukalilekku rakshappedaan shramichenkilum avare thadanju kollayadikkukayaayirunnu. thudarnnu maaraathakal vadnagarilekku neengukayum nagaram kollayadikkukayum cheythu. vadnagaril ninnu avar palanpur vare pooyi, avide pahar khaan jhalori avare ethirkkaan kazhiyaathathinal oru laksham roopa kappam nalkaan sammathichu. kantaji malharao holker pinneedu marverilekku march cheythu, athesamayam prathapum rangoji dandukayil ninnu kaathivadayilekkum gohilwadayilekkum kadannupoyi. eee samayathaan mohammed pahar khaan jhalori vakhathsinginu vendi pathaante deputy govarnoraayi niyamichathu. dholkayude varumanathekkurichulla thante aavasyangal ithuvare theerppaakkappedaathinaal, prathapavu aaa pattanatthilekku madangukayum thanikk nalkenda kappam sweekarikkaan narhar pandittine ayaykkukayum cheythu. pinneedu rangojiyumaayi barodayilekku neengiya avare sahayikkaan damaji sorathilekku vilippichu. thante kaalam vare kairayilundaayirunna sherr khaan baabi ippol ahmedabadilethi, virangam uparodhikkappettappol deputy viceroi momin khaante perumaattatthil athrupthi prakadippichathinaal addeham sherr khaane petlaad, arhar-maattar, nadiad ennividangalil swantham deputy aayi niyamichu. pinneedu momin khaante prathishedhatthil akkoundukal parisodhikkaanum sherr khaanu pakaram varumanam sweekarikkaanum subhachand marwadi niyamichu. 1737ll somajiyude sahodaran prathaappraav, sorath thalavanmaaril ninnu kappam vaangi thante raajyathekku madangiyethiyappol, dholkkaykkaduthulla kaankaril vasuri baadhichu marichu. share khaan ithuvare kaira vittillenn kandu momin khaan kurachu aalukale shekharichu petladil ethi, athesamayam sherr khaan dehgamilekku pooyi rangojiyude purathekkulla kaathirippinaayi. rathansinh bhandari sherr khaane sahayikkaan thayyaareduppukal nadathukayum momin khaan cambayilekku madangukayum cheythu.
1737-ll ambathinaalaamathe viceroi momin khaan.
eee samayat maharaja abheysingh kodathiyil anukoolamallaathathinaal, momin khaane ambathinaalaamathe vaisroyiyaayi niyamichu. thanichu onnum cheyyaan kazhiyaathathinal addeham pathaan sarkkaarinte vaagdaanathiloode thante koode cheraan jawan mardh khaan babiye prerippikkukayum aaa niyamanam ettedukkaan nirddeshikkukayum cheythu. ippol jhalorikal raathodukalude sakhyakakshikalaayirunnu, annu paattante kamaandaraayirunna pahar khaan jhalori, jawan mardh khaane ethirthuvenkilum oduvil paattan ozhiyaan nirbandhithanaayi. ithuvare addehathe viceroi aayi niyamikkunna utharavu haajaraakkaatha momin khaan, ippol athu parasyamaakkukayum naju-udh-daula momin khaan bahadoor firooz jaang enna thalakkettode viceroi aayi pravartthikkaan thudangukayum 1737-ll eee utharavinte oru pakarpp deputy mantriyaaya hussain khaaneyum kaasi padavi vahichirunna mustafid khaaneyum sthaanabhrashtanaakkaan ayaykkukayum cheythu. nishpakshathayode thudaraan aagrahikkunna sherr khaan baabi balasinorilekku viramikkukayum kaambeyude sameepathulla rangoji thante sahaayathinaayi momin khaan vilikkukayum cheythu.
vijayakaramaanengil, ahamedbad nagaram, nagaratthinte sameepathulla bhoomi, cambay thuramukham enniva ozhikeyulla gujaraathinte uthppannangalude pakuthi addehathinu nalkanamenna vyavasthayil maarvaadikale purathaakkaan sahayikkaan rangoji sammathichu. maraathakalumaayulla eee sakhyam gujaraathile mugal shakthiykk avasana praharam nalki, allengil athu kuranjathu kaalnoottaandolam neenduninnirikkaam.
vaisroyiyaayi momin khaane niyamichathinekkurichu ketta ratansingh bhandari utharavukalkkayi maharaja abheysinghinu kathezhuthi. athesamayam, momin khaan agrayodu paranja paraamarshatthinu marupadi labhikkunnathuvare kooduthal nadapadikal sweekarikkaruthennu momin khaane prerippikkaan addeham udyogasthare cambayilekku ayachu. kazhiyumenkil rathansinh momin khaane cherukkanam ennathaayirunnu maharajavinte marupadi. rathensingh ahammadbadine prathirodhikkaan thayyaaredukkumbol momin khaan oru sainyathe shekharichu narensar thadaakathil thambadichirunnu.
momin khaan thante pakshapaathikale shekharichukondu onnara maasam palayamirangiya naaransar thadaakathil ninnu addeham sojitrayilekku munneri, avide addehathodoppam jawan mardh khaan babby chernnu; orumichu avar ahammadbaadil ninnu irupathiyaaru mile akaleyulla petlaadinte keezhilulla vaasuvilekkum thalasthaanathu ninnu pathinettu mile akaleyulla vaasuvil ninnu kairayilekkum ethi. kairayil avar vaathrakkinte theerathu paalayamvachu, avide thudarchayaaya mazha kaaranam ekadesham oru maasam thamasikkaan avar nirbandhitharaayi. mazha kurayukayum nadikal ozhukukayum cheythappol, momin khaan, ahmedabadilekku neengukayum, nagarathinu munnil cancaria tankle thambadichu uparodhathin thayyaaredukkukayum cheythu. ekadesham athe samayam thanne, thante sahaayathinaayi nerittu march cheyyaan damajiyodu abhyarthikkaan addeham songadilekku ayacha momin khaante maanejar vajeram ethi, taamasiyaathe damaji thannodoppam cherumennu addehathe ariyichu. kappam nalkunnathinaayi maraatha campil surakshaykkaayi upekshikkappettirunna sorawar khaane thirichuvilikkukayum pakaram avarude aavasyangal niravettunnathinaayi prantij jilla aupachaarikamaayi maraathakalkku nalkukayum cheythu. yaathraavilakkinaayi soorathil addehathinte ejantumaar cambay vazhi ahammadbadilekku ayachirunna mahaaraajaavinte thokkukalil chilath eee samayathaan momin khaante oru samgham pidichedutthathu. ahmadaabaadinethiraaya momin khaante munnettatthinte maharajavinu rathansinh bhandari ezhuthiyappol, maharajavu valare asanthushtanaakukayum kopathode chakravartthiyude saannidhyathil ninnu purathupokukayum cheythu. anantharafalangal bhayann prabhukkanmaar addehathe anusmarikkukayum addehathe gujaraathinte vaisroyiyaayi veendum niyamikkaan chakravarty prerippikkukayum cheythu.
1737ll ambathiyanchaamathe viceroi maharaja abheysingh.
maharajavinte niyamanam avaganikkaanum marvaarile raathodukale purathaakkunnathil sthirothsaaham pularthaanum momin khaane rahasyamaayi kalppikkukayum eee perumaattareethiyekkurich chakravarty amgeekarikkunnuvennu urappu nalkukayum cheythu. athinaal addeham oorjjaswalathayode uparodham thudarnnu. ithinidayil, mahaaraajaavinte punarniyamanam sthireekarikkukayum 500 perumaayi nagaram samrakshikkaan fida-udh-dhiin khaane niyamikkukayum, momin khaan cambayilekku madanganamennum nirddeshichukondu saamraajyathva kodathiyil ninnu mattoru utharavu labhichu. rathansinh bhandari adichamarthal pravarthichathinaal, thante sthaanam niraykkaan mattaarengilum deputy aayi niyamikkanamennum athinidayil abhaikkar enna oru rajput prabhuvine sarkkar thudarendathundennum prasthaavichu. ithinu thottumunbu mutamid khaante makan mohammed bakkeer khaan soorathil ninnu momin khaanoppam chernnu, athesamayam sadiq alii khaanum anantharavan addehathe junagaadil ninnu shakthippeduthi. saamraajyathvakramathinte uddeshyam momin khaane ariyichappol addeham cambayilekku madangaan sammathichu, rathansinh bhandari nagaram vidukayum abhaikkaaran chumatala kaimarukayum fida-udh-dhiin khaaneyum addehathinte aalukaleyum nagaratthilekku praveshippikkukayum cheiyumaayirunnu.
nagaram vidaruthennu rathansinh bhandari theerumaanikkukayum avasana nimisham vare svayam prathirodhikkaan thayyarakukayum cheythu. damaji gaikwar ippol songadil ninnu momin khaanil chernnu. mohammadbaadil ninnu moonnu mile akaleyulla isanpooril vachu momin khaan damaji kandumuttukayum addehathe thante sahodaran ennu vilikkukayum cheythu. damaji momin khaanum thammil nadatthiya krameekaranangalekkurich ketta ratansingh bhandari daamaajiykk oru sandesham ayachu, 'ahmedabad nagaram, udan thanne chuttumulla bhoomi, kambe enniva ozhikeyulla gujaraathinte varumaanathinte pakuthi rangojikk vaagdaanam cheythathayi momin khaan paranju. ningal ennodoppam cherukayaanenkil, nagaramo cambeo ozhikeyulla ellaattinteyum pakuthi njaan ningalkk nalkum, ningal sammathichaal ente chila pradhana bhoovudamakale ningalude campilekku securityaayi ayaykkum.'damaji ithu momin khaane kaanichu, enthaanu cheyyaan nirddeshikkunnathennu addehathodu chodichu. momin khaan ippol athu cheyyaan sammathichu; ennaal cambake pakaram maaraathaasin muzhuvan jilla virangam kaimaran vaagdaanam cheythu. eee nibandhanakal amgeekaricha damaji, rathansinghumaayi charcha cheiyunnathu avasaanippichu. thudarnnu addeham dudesaarilekku theerthaadanatthinu pookukayum athe varsham 1738-ll madangukayum adhehavum rangoji ahammadbaadinethire sajeevamaaya pravartthanangal aarambikkukayum cheythu. avarude bombakramanam nagarathinu valareyadhikam naashanashtamundaakki, thante sahaayathinaayi avare vilichathinu momin khaan anuthapikkukayum maaraathakal orikkal nagaratthinte eathenkilum bhagam nediyaal avare purathaakkunnathu eluppamallennu munkootty manassilakkukayum cheythu. momin khaan ippol "mirat-iii-ahamed" enna grandhakaarane samaadhaanaparamaayi pinmaramenna pratheekshayil rathansinh bhandariyilekku ayachu, pakshe rathansinh oru nibandhanakalum kelkkaan visammathichu. kurachu samayathinu sesham cassim alii khaanum mattullavarum baaburaavinte keezhilulla maaraathakalum nagaram kodunkaattiloode pidichedukkaan shramichuvenkilum raktharookshithamaaya oru malsarathinu sesham viramikkaan nirbandhitharaayi. pittennu, nagaram adikakaalam pidichunirtthaan kazhiyillennu kandu rathansinh, momin khaanumayi oru charchayil earppedukayum, thante chelavukalkkayi oru thuka labhichathinethudarnnu, yudhathinte bahumathikalumayi viramikkaan anuvadichathinethudarnnu nagaram vidukayum cheythu.
nagaram pidichadakkiyappol, momin khaante vivaahanishchayathin anusrithamaayi athinte pakuthi maaraathakalkku kaimari. enthaanu sambhavichathenn momin khaan chakravarthikku vaartha ayaykkukayum fida-udh-dhiin khaane thante deputy aayi niyamikkukayum cheythu. ithinidayil sorathil poya damaji ippol madangiyethukayum rangoji kandumuttukayum cheythu, avar mahii theeram vare addehathe anugamichu, avide ninnu rangoji dholkkayilekku neengi. dholkayil kurachu divasangal chelavazhicha sesham, rangoji ahammadaabaadilekk madangukayum aastoriya, raipur kavaadangal vareyulla raikhad, khaanchan, jamalpur kwartezhs enniva ulppedunna nagaratthinte thante vihithathinte chumatala ettedukkukayum cheythu. angane nagaram thulyamaayi vibhajikkappedukayum astodia, raipur kavaadangalkk maraathakal kaaval nilkkukayum cheythu. akkaalat ahammadbaadile nivaasikal aparichitharkkethire uyarnnuvarikayum kadinamaaya kalahathinu sesham avaril bhooribhaagatheyum nagaratthil ninnu puratthaakkukayum cheythu. momin khaan rahasyamaayi samthrupthanaayirunnenkilum anjjathaye baadikkukayum rangoji aashwasippikkaan fida-udh-dhiin khaane ayaykkukayum cheythu. kurachu budhimuttode addeham ithu cheiyunnathil vijayikkukayum rangoji nagaratthil thudarukayum cheythu. jawan mardh khaane paattaanilekk ayachu, prantijinu pakaram, kheraalu jilla sorawar khaan babic nalki.
momin khaan, anchaamatheyum aaraamatheyum viceroi, 1738-1743.
maraatha adichamarthal avasaanichathode, ahamedbad athinte vaibhavavum samriddhiyum veendedukkaan thudangi. chakravarty momin khaanil valareyadhikam santhushtanaayi, thante padavi uyarthikkond addehathinu oru bahumaanavasthravum vaalum mattu moolyavathaaya vasthukkalum sammaanichu. mazhakkaalathinte avasaanathil sabarmathiyude theerathulla thalavanmaaril ninnu kappam eedaakkaan momin khaan pookukayum rangojiyodu addehathe anugamikkaan aavasyappedukayum cheythu. avar adalajilekku march cheythu, avide ninnu deputy viceroi fida-udh-dhiin khaan ramaji rangojiyude deputy aayi nagaratthilekku madangi. jawan mardh khaanum sherr khaan babby ippol visroyiyude campil cherukayum athe samayam thanne hathisingh, pethapur medhavi viceroy sandarshikkukayum addehathinte kappam theerkkukayum cheythu. adalajil ninnu avar mansayilekku munnerukayum mansa medhavi kandumuttukayum cheythu. maanasayil ninnu avar kaadiyilekkum kaathiyil ninnu vijapoorilekkum neengi. momin khaan vittupoya sesham ahammadbaadile janangalodu moshamaayi perumaariyappol rangoji thante sahodaran akoji campil upekshichu thalasthaanathekku madangi, avide ninnu addeham viramgaamilekkum sorathilekkum neengi. momin khaan vijapuril ninnu idaarilekku pookukayum avide mohanpur, ranasan thalavanmaaril ninnu kappam eedaakkukayum cheythu.
maharaja abheysinghinte sahodaranmaraaya momin khaan idaaril athiyappol anandsingh raising addehathinte aduthu pooyi mohanpurinteyum ranasinteyum kappam idaar pradeshatthinte paridhikkullil ullathayi adachu. vishayam souhaarddaparamaayi pariharikkapettu, rund sahodaranmaarum viceroy idaar athirthi vare anugamichu, ananda singh idaarilekku madangiyethiyappol, momin khaante abhyarthana maanich raising addehathodoppam thudarnnu, momin khaan thante aalukalude chelavukal vahikkumennu prathijnjayedutthu. maansayude thalavanaaya prathiraj 23,000 roopayum varsoda thalavan 10,000 roopayum kappamaayi nalkaan sammathichu. eee samayat mirr dosth aliyude pingamiyaayi sherr mohammed khaan babiye soraathinte deputy govarnoraayi niyamichu. thangalude bhoomiyile chila rasoolaabaadukaleyum batwa sayyidukaleyum illaathaakkaan shramicha maaraathakale musleem janatha akramikkukayum iruvashathumulla kurachu aalukalkk parikkelkkukayum cheythu. vividha thalavanmaaril ninnu kappam sweekaricha momin khaan ippol palanpooriletthi, aaa sthalathe gavarnaraaya pahar khaan jhalori viceroic sherr khaan baabi parichayappedutthi. devaji takpar baroda jillakaliloode munnerukayaanennu vaartha labhichappol, momin khaan palanpur athirthiyile pahar khaan jhalori purathaakki ahmedabadilekku neengi. thante sahodaran safdar khaan babiye paattaanil deputy aayi niyamicha jawan mardh khaan baabi, ahammadbaadinaayi munkootty munnott pooyi. sorathil mirr huzabar alii thante deputy aayi thiranjeduttha mamoor khaan ippol ethi sherr khaan baabiyude niyamanathekkurichu momin khaanu parati nalki. iruvarum thangalude chumathalakalude chumatala etteduthittillaathil chakravartthiyude anthima utharavukalkkayi kaathirikkanamennu momin khaan paranju. thudarnnu addeham hajipurilekku munnerukayum avide ninnu nagaratthinte vashath bahraampoorinaduthaayi paalayamirangukayum nagaratthinte prathirodham shakthippeduthunnathil svayam earppedukayum cheythu. aaa campil ninnu addeham vaathrakkinte theerathe koolii medhaavikalil ninnu kappam eedaakkunnathinaayi ahammadbadinu naalu mile thekk isaanpoorilekku pooyi. ithinushesham addeham vatrakkil kulejilekku pookukayum aaa ayalpakkathe koolii thalavanmaaril ninnu kappam eedaakkukayum cheythu. damaji sonkad vittupoyi, maahi kadannu arasilekku pooyi ennu ketta momin khaan thante campil thatti nagaratthilekku madangi, athesamayam damaji dholkkayilekku pookumbool athil ninnu sorathilekku march cheythu. momin khaan ippol sherr khaane ghogayile thante raajyangalilekku madangaan anuvadichu, avide ninnu addeham junagadilekku pookukayum deputy govarnorude chumatala ettedukkukayum cheythu.
1738-ll, soraathinte gavarnaraaya mirr huzabar khaan marichu, sherr khaan junagad pidichadakkukayum mirr dosth aaliyude ellah sinikareyum joliyil praveshippikkukayum cheythathinaal, mamoor khaan thante veshangal raajivachu madangivaraan baadhyasthanaayi. chakravarty ippol soraathinte gavarnaraaya momin khaante anantharavanaaya himmat alii khaane niyamikkukayum anuyojyanaaya oru deputy thiranjedukkaan ammavanu kathezhuthukayum cheythu. momin khaan, soraathilekkulla maraatha adhinivesham varsham thorum vardhichukondirikkum sherr khaan baabi avarumaayi svanthamaayi nilanirthaan kazhiyunna oru manushyanayathinaal, addehathe deputy aayi thudaraan nirbandhithanaakkukayum cheythu. somaji viramgamilekku madangiyethiyappol, sorath thalavanmaaril ninnu kappam eedaakkiya sesham, chunwalile chhaaniyarinte thalavanaaya kanchi kolikkethire march cheyyaan addeham baadhyasthanaayirunnu. avarkkethire jayikkan kazhiyaathathinal sahaayathinaayi momin khaane vilikkaan addeham nirbandhithanaayi. momin khaan fida-udh-dhiin khaane nannayi sajjeekarichirikkunna oru sainyathinte thalavanayi ayachu. sameepikkumbol kolikal oodippoyi, graamam kathikkappedukayum fida-udh-dhiin khaan thalasthaanathekku madangukayum cheythu. rangoji deputy aayi upekshichu damaji sonagaadilekku madangi.
1738ll pershyan chakravarthiyaaya nadir shhaa mugal saamraajyathe akramikkukayum dalhi pirichuvidukayum mohammed shaaye thadavukaaranaakkukayum cheythu. aaa nanayam naadirinte peril pathichathallaathe, mugal shakthiyude thakarcha gujaraathil cheria maattathinu kaaranamaayi.
1739ll sabarmathiyude theerathulla thalavanmaaril ninnu kappam eedaakkaan fida-udh-dhiin khaane ayaykkukayum, jawan mardh khaan baabi, idaarile rajaa raising ennivarodoppam chararayilekku march cheyyukayum cheythu. vijaapoorinte keezhilulla panmul graamam "mirat-iii-ahamed" enna grandhatthinte rachayithaavin nalkiyirunnathinaal, ahammadnagarilekku march cheytha fidavuddin khaane anugamikkukayum mohanpurileyum ranasanileyum jitsingil ninnu kappam aavasyappedukayum cheythu. jitsing ethirkkukayum samshayaaspadamaaya oru yuddham nadakkukayum cheythu. pittennu fida-udh-dhiin khaan thante sthaanam maattukayum veendum jeetsinghine akramikkukayum cheythu, avar paraajayappettappol 10,000 roopa nalkaan sammathichu. thudarnnu avar idaarilekku pooyi, avide avare rajaa raising aathidhyamaryaadayode sweekarichu, avar nethaakkalkku kuthirakal sammaanichu. idaaril ninnu avar jawan mardh khaante keezhilulla vadnagarilekku neengi, avar avare maanyamaayi sweekarikkukayum kuthirakale sammanikkukayum cheythu. sainyam pinneedu visalnagarilekku march cheythu. visalnagaril sainyathinte varavode, tharr-jamboorile koolii medaaviyaaya jamaji keezhadakkaan jawan mardh khaan fida-udh-dhiin khaanod abhyarthichu, addeham annu paadante keezhil balisanayil undaayirunnu, thudarchayaayi raajyam kollayadikkukayaayirunnu. fida-udh-dhiin khaan baalisinayilekku march cheythu, pakshe jamaji oru yuddham apakadappeduthaathe thaara-jampurilekku palayanam cheyyukayum mugal sainyam thaara-jampur kollayadikkukayum cheythu. balisanayil ninnu fida-udh-dhiin kaadiyilekku march cheyyukayum jawan mardh khaane paattaanilekk madangaan anuvadikkukayum ahammadbadilekku neengukayum cheythu.
ahammadbaadil nagara sarkkaarumaayi bandhappett rangoji momin khaanum thammilulla tharkkangal pathivaayirunnu. gurutharamaaya oru aswasthathayil momin khaan moshamaayi neridukayum samaadhaanathinaayi cases phayal cheyyaanum sarkkaarilum varumaanathilum rangojiyude pakuthi vihitam nalkaanum nirbandhithanaakukayum cheythu, ithu 1738 leeii samgharsham muthal momin khaan thadanjuvachirunnu. oru aupachaarika karar thayyaaraakkiyenkilum athu adikakaalam praabalyatthil vannilla. eee samayathaan momin khaante anantharavan mohammed momin khaan bakshikk nasser alii khaan enna padavi nalki pettant labhichathu. 1739ll sabarmathiyil vinashakaramaaya oru vellapokkam undaayi.
1739-ll chimnaji appayude keezhilulla maaraathakal vasaay yudhathethudarnnu porchugeesukaaril ninnu vasaay kotta (basin) vijayakaramaayi pidichedutthu.
1740-ll, soraathil ninnu madangiyethiyappol, damaji gaikwar rangoji dakhaanilekku kondupookukayum malharao khuni ahammadbaadil thante deputy aayi niyamikkukayum cheythu. fida-udh-dhiin khaan puthiya deputy isaanpooril vachu kandumuttukayum addehathe nagaratthilekku kondupookukayum cheythu. fida-udh-dhiin khaanum nasser alii khaanum kappam shekharikkaan thudangiyathinu thottupinnaale, jawan mardh khaan thante sahodaran sorawar khaan babiye avare anugamikkaan ayachu. avar bheel jillayile ahammadbadinu pathinettu mile kizhakkayi bahyal keezhil dabodaykkethire munnerukayum kappam nalkaan sammathicha medaaviyumaayi yuddham cheyyukayum cheythu. thudarnnu avar attarsumbayilekku pooyi, avide kolikal avarude peeranki kondupokaan nadatthiya vyarthamaaya sramathinu sesham kappam nalkaan sammathichu. thudarnnu sainyam mandavayilekku neengukayum mandava medhaaviyil ninnu sambhavana eedaakkukayum cheythu. aduthathaayi avar kapadvanchilekku pooyi, baalasinoriloode kadannupoyi lunawada keezhil virpoorilethi. ivide, lunavada medhaaviyude ejantaaya sultansinghil ninnu avarkk rund kuthirakalum 3000 roopayum kappamaayi labhichu. lunavadayil malharao khuni valia dhaanya shekharangal sthaapikkukayum yudhathekkurichu chinthikkukayum cheythathayi momin khaanil ninnu thirichuvilikkaanulla utharavu vannu. fida-udh-dhiin khaan udan thanne balasiner, kapadwanchu ennivayiloode munnott neengi thalasthaanathekku athivegam munneri. vazhiyil addehathinu momin khaanil ninnu randaamathe sandesham labhichu, yudhathinte apakadasaadhyatha ippol kadannupoyathinaal, avar petladilekku munneranam, avide avar malharav khuni kandethukayum ravanyoo akkoundukalekkurichu addehavumaayi othutheerppu nadathukayum cheyyum. avar avarude march thudarukayum rund divasathinullil kaira (kheda) yill athukayum, vazhiyil mohammed kuli khaanoppam cherukayum cheythu, addehathinethire momin khaante sandeshangal chumatthi. kairayil vachu fida-udh-dhiin khaante anantharavan mohammed hussaine avar kandethi, addehathe sainyavumayi mahudayilekku ayachirunnu. malharao khuni kairaykkaduthulla pinchil aayirunnathinal, fida-udh-dhiin khaan addehathe kaanaan aagraham prakadippikkukayum irupakshavum petlaad jillayilekku pooyi tharkkatthilulla shekharangal avide theerppaakkanamennu sammathikkukayum cheythu. avar kandumuttukayum krameekaranangal purogamikkukayum cheythathinu thottupinnaale bheel jillayile kolikal kalapam nadathukayum abdul hussain khaaneyum vajeramin avarkkethire ayaykkukayum cheythu. rando moonno gramangal kathichathinushesham eee vibhaagam veendum pradhana samghadanayil cherukayum adhikam taamasiyaathe ahammadbadilekku madangukayum cheythu. 1740ll bajirao peshwa marichu.
1741-ll, momin khaan cambayilekku pooyi, aaa nagaratthinaduthulla ghiyaaspooril thaamasikkumbol, malharao khunikk pakaram damaji veendum thante deputy rangoji niyamichathaayum rangoji petladil athiyathinu thottupinnaale vivaram labhichu. eee samayat mamin khaan kambeyude kasttams varumaanathile idivil shradha kendreekarikkukayum ismaayil muhammadine kasttams kalaktaraayi niyamikkukayum cheythu. rangoji taanum thammilulla chila thettidhaaranakal pariharikkan addeham akaamkshaakulanaayappol, momin khaan rangoji sandarshikkaanum avante ashamsakal urappu nalkaanum purappettu. eee samayat, malharavinte thirichuvaravinekkurichu kettayudane, mugalmarekkaal kooduthal budhimuttullathaayi kandethiya viramgathe bhavsingh, pettennu virangam kotta akramikkukayum chila arabikaludeyum rohillakaludeyum sahaayathode maraatha kaavalppadaye puratthaakkukayum swantham peril kotta pidikkaan thayyarakukayum cheythu. jamalpur gettile maaratha deputy vasathiyil command cheiyunnathinaayi momin khaan oru katha uyarthiyirunna ahmedaabaadile oru gopuram athinte yadhaartha uyarathilekku kuraykkanamennu rangoji aavasyappettathinu thottupinnaale. athesamayam, momin khaanum taanum avarude sainyathe onnippichu, bhaavasinghine viramgamil ninnu purathaakkanamennu addeham nirddeshichu. rund nirddeshangalum momin khaan amgeekarichu. gopuratthinte kootticherkkal thakarkkappedukayum, viramgaaminethire march cheythukondu momin khaanum rangoji nagaram uparodhichu. bhavsingh dheeramaayi prathirodhikkukayum maaraathakal budhimuttunnathu kandu khedikkaatha momin khaan, kurachu samayathinu sesham avare upekshichu kappam eedaakkaan kaadiyilekkum vijayapurilekkum march cheyyukayum cheythu. rangoji uparodham thudarnnu, momin khaan illaathe polum sthalam kuraykkaan maraatha sainyam mathiyaakumenn bhavsingh kandappol, pattiyude kotta athinte ashrita graamangalum addehathinu nalkiyaal virangam keezhadakkaan addeham sammathichu. rangoji sammathichu, angane maraathakal veendum virangam kaivashappedutthi, athesamayam bhavsingh indiayude swaathanthryam vare addehathinte pingaamikal kaivashappeduthiyirunna pattdi nedi.
mohammadbadinu irupathiyaaru mile vadakku-padinjaraayi mansayil ethiya momin khaan, damaji 10,000 aalukalumayi maahi kadannathayi kettappol, addeham udan thanne thalasthaanathekku madangi. damaji maansayil ethi athu uparodhichu. oru maasatholam medhaavikalum kolikalum eee sthalathe dheeramaayi prathirodhichu, athu daamaajiyude kaikalil veenappol, avar chuttumulla mulakulla piyar stokku neekkam cheyyuka mathramalla, pattanatthe kathikkukayum cheythu. maansayil ninnu damaji sorathilekku march cheythu. thirichethiyappol addeham barooch enna kotta uparodhichu, athu athinte swaabhaavika shakthiyil ninnum narmadayile anukoolamaaya sthaanathu ninnum, damajiyudeyum pithaav pilajiyudeyum pidichedukkaanulla nirantharamaaya abhilaashamaayirunnu. daamaajiyude sameepanam moolam, nisaaminte thaalpparyangalkkanusrithaayi eee sthalam vahicha neck aalam khaan kottaye prathirodhikkaan thayyarakukayum nisaminu sahaayathinaayi kathezhuthukayum cheythu. marupadiyaayi nissam damajik thante swathukkal aakramikkaruthenn munnariyipp nalki. eee kathu labhichappol damaji uparodham uyarthukayum sonagadilekku madangukayum cheythu. damaji baroochil ninnu viramikkaan pralobhippikkanaanu elavukal nalkiyathennum barooch achaarangalil gaikwaarinte punk eee uparodhathil ninnaanennum thonnunnu.
1741ll dholka gavarnaraaya keymu kuli khaanum rangojiyude deputy amgavum thammilulla yudhathil maaraathakal parajayappettu. rangojiyude abhyarthana maanich momin khaan avarkkidayil samadhaanam sthaapichu. aduthide bahadoor enna padaviyil uyarthappetta fida-udh-dhiin khaan, kappam swaroopikkaan thudangi, refractory koolii gramamaaya daboda kathikkukayum avide oru poost sthaapikkukayum cheythu, satumba, balasiner, tasra ennividangalilekku pooyi. dholkayile yudhathinushesham, borzad kottayile rangoji nirmmicha kettidam, mugalmaarum dholkayile maaraathakalum thammilulla poraattam puthukkippaniyaan kaaranamaayi. dholka govarnor mohammed haadi khaante abhyarthana maanich fida-udh-dhiin khaan, mahudayiloode petladinaayi addehathe sahayikkaan munnott neengi. ithinidayil oru yuddham nadannu, athil malharavinte keezhilulla maaraathakal mohammed haadi khaane akramikkukayum oru cheria malsarathinu sesham pinmaarukayum cheythu. adutha divasam fida-udh-dhiin khaante varavode sakthippetta mughalmar sojitra uparodhichu. aakramanathinte ardham chodichu rangojikk oru kathu ezhuthukayum addeham svayam mapp parayukayum malharavinte anjjathaykku kaaranamaayi parayukayum cheythu. mohammed haadi khaanum "mirat-iii-ahamed" enna grandhatthinte rachayithaavum oduvil borsadilvechu rangoji kandumuttukayum adhehavum fida-udh-dhiin khaanum othuchernnu karyangal krameekarikkanamennu theerumaanikkukayum cheythu. ennaal rangoji thante hridayathil yuddham cheyyaan uddeshikkukayum yudhathinu thayyaaraakanamenn ahammadbaadile thante deputy ramajic kathezhuthukayum cheythu. malharao ippol borsadile rangojiyil chernnu. eee samayat maaraathakalum mohammadanmaarum thammilulla niravadhi thettidhaaranakalum niravadhi poraattangalum momin khaanum rangoji samaadhaanippichu, avar avarude keezhudyogastharkkidayil mosham vikaaravum parasparam designukalilulla oru nischitha avishwaasavum undaayirunnittum, ooshmalamaaya paraspara bahumanam nilanirthiyathaayi thonnunnu. thante shakthikendramaaya songadil ninnulla damaji gujarathinu valareyadhikam shradha nalkaan kazhiyaathavidham dakhaan raashtreeyathil muzhukiyirunnu. maruvashathu, rangoji gujaraathile thalavanmaaril valareyadhikam swaadheenam cheluthukayum oru kaalath sajansingh hazari thante sevanathil ulppeduthunnathil vijayikkukayum idaarile raaja raisinghine thannodoppam cheraan prerippikkukayum cheythu. ennaal momin khaan raayasinghine eee sakhyathil ninnu verpeduthi, addehathe amaliera thasthikayude chumatala ealppikkukayum modasa, meghrej, ahammadnagar (himmatnagar), prantij, harzol ennee jillakal addehathinu nalkukayum cheythu. koodaathe, thante sainyathinte chelavukalkkayi rangoji raaja reysinghilekku divasena ayaykkunna parambaraagatha gujarat thuka kudissikayaayi marran thudangi. akkaalathe pramukha aathmaakkalil oralaayi thonnunna momin khaante anantharavan nasser alii khaante madhyasthathayiloode rajaa raising momin khaanumayi samadhaanam sthaapichu.
1742ll, ahmedaabaadile maraathakalum mugalmaarum thammilulla mattoru pooraattatthil mugalmark cheria nettamundaayi. ithinushesham rangoji nagaram vittu, ramaji thante deputy aayi niyamichu, jagjiwan pavarinoppam borzadilek pooyi, avide addeham oru kotta panithu. eee samayat nisaminu vyakthiparamaaya grantaayi nalkia bhoomiyude bhagamaaya dholkayude kalaktaraayi pravartthikkaan nisaamil ninnu oru jeevandas adhikaaravumaayi vannuvenkilum thante sthaanam nadappilaakkunnathil parajayappettu. taamasiyaathe eedaarinte raaja anandsingh kollappedukayum addehathinte sahodaran rising avadhi eduthu karyangal pariharikkan eedaarilekku pookukayum cheythu. momin khaan thante pettant 6000 kuthirappadayude samghathodoppam 6000 commanderude vyakthigatha rankilekku uyarthi. addehathinu oru bahumaanavastram, oru aabharanamulla thalappavu, oru ploom, aarr thunitharangal, oru aanaa, maahi-maaratheebinte kramam, naju-udh-daula momin khaan bahadoor dilawar jung enna padavi enniva labhichu. momin khaanum rangoji thammil veendum abhiprayavyathyaasangal pottipurappettu, rangoji thante vasathi ettedutha borzadil irunethaakkalum thammilulla sauhruda koodikkaazhchayiloode karyangal veendum pariharichu. momin khaan ippol petlaadilekkum avide ninnu kaambeyilekkum pooyi, avide addehathinu asukham pidipettu, pakshe aarr aazhchakalkk sesham vaasuvilekku vannu, avide rangoji addehathe sandarshichu. ivide veendum asukhabaadhithanaayirunnenkum addeham dholkkayilekku pooyi, taamasiyaathe adhehavum rangoji limbadiyilekku munneri, athu eee samayat virangam ennu paraamarshikkappedunnu. limbdikku munbu, babu naikkinethire sahayikkaan damaji rangoji vilikkukayum udan thanne addehathe sahayikkaan thudangukayum cheythu. momin khaan ippol gohilwadilek march cheyyukayum loliyaanayiloode ghogayilekku neengukayum pinneedu sherr khaan baabiyile oru resident deputy chumathalayelkkukayum cheythu. ivide addehathinu sihore medhaaviyil ninnu kappam labhichu, athil ninnu halarilekku march cheyth navaanagarinethire pooyi. jaam irupathu divasathekku ethirthu, oduvil 50,000 roopa kappamaayi nalkaan sammathichathine thudarnnu momin khaan ahammadbadilekku madangi. addehathinte abhaavathil daarshtyamulla cheruthunilppu undaayirunnittum, nasser alii khaanum vajeram koolii thalavanmaaril ninnu kappam shekharichirunnu. ippol damaji vitta rangoji, maahi kadannu bappu naikkumaayi yudhathil earppedukayum bappu naayikk thirinjuveezhukayum cheythu. athinaal rangoji borzadil thudarnnu, pakshe momin khaante asukham gurutharamaayenn ketta addeham onno rando thavana addehathe sandarshikkaan ahammadbadilekku pooyi. 1743ll momin khaan marichu.
1743ll fida-udh-dhiin vaisroyiyaayi pravartthikkunnu.
momin khaante makanaaya mufthakhir khaanum fida-udh-dhiin khaanum thante estettil ninnu thanne illaathaakkumenna bhayann momin khaante bhaarya rangojiyude samrakshanam thedi. ithinidayil oru puthiya viceroy niyamikkunnathuvare sarkkar thudaraan fida-udh-dhiin khaanum mufthaakhir khaanum oru saamraajyathva utharavu labhichu. eee samayat momin khaan apamanikkappetta anandram enna manushyan rangojiyude aduthekku pooyi fida-udh-dhiin khaaneyum mufthaakhir khaaneyum kollan prerippichu. eee uddeshyathode rangoji avare randupereyum thante veettilekku kshanichu, pakshe addehathinte hridayam parajayappettu, taamasiyaathe fida-udh-dhiin khaan cambayilekku pooyi. mufthaakhir khaane vadhikkan rangoji ippol ellah apakadangalilum theerumaanichu. eee lakshyathode addeham mufthaakhir khaante koottaalikalaaya vajeramin kaam kuli khaaneyum aathmavishwaasathilekku kondupoyi. mufthaakhir khaan abadhathil addehathinte roopakalppanakalekkurichu kelkkukayum kaaval nilkkukayum cheythu. share khaan babiye deputy viceroi sthaanathekku uyarthaamenna vaagdaanam niravettunnathil rangoji parajayappettathinaal, share khaan dholkkayilekku munnerukayum chila cambay gramangal kollayadikkaan thudangukayum cheythu. mufthakhir khaane vadikkaanulla mattoru nishfalamaaya sramathinu sesham rangoji, appol ayalpakkathaayirunna thante deputy ramaji ayakkukayum yuddham cheyyaan thayyarakukayum cheythu. mufthaakhir khaan, thante bhaagathuninnu, cambail ninnu fidavuddin khaane vilichuvaruthi, eathaanum divasangalkkullil avar thangalude sainyathe onnippikkunnathil vijayichu. rangojiyude kaaranam upekshichu sherr khaan baabi, maaraathakal moshamaayi maarukayum rangojiyude veedu uparodhikkukayum cheythu. rangoji, kadinamaayi sammarddathilaayappol, anandram upekshikkanum borzad, virangam enniva keezhadanganum sammathichu, sherr khaan baabi addehathinte surakshayayi. eee reethiyil fida-udh-dhiin khaan gujaraathinte eaka yajamananaayi.
taamasiyaathe damaji gaikwar sathaarayil ninnu madangiyethi kambeyiletthi. ithinidayil sherr khaan babiotoppam thaamasichirunna rangoji, sherr khaante sahaayathode kudumbathodoppam rakshappedaan padhathiyittu. eee vanchanaykku fida-udh-dhiin khaan sherr khaanod valareyadhikam prakopithanayathinaal, vettayaadunnuvennu nadichu sherr khaan ahammadbadine upekshichu balasinorilekku rakshapettu, avide addehathinte bhaarya addehathodoppam chernnu. fida-udh-dhiin khaan anandramine vadhichu, athesamayam sherr khaan baabiyude bhaaryayude sahaayathode rangoji borzadilek rakshapettu. daamaajiyude sahodaran khanderao gaikwar maahi kadannu rangojiyodoppam chernnu petlaad uparodhichathayi vaartha vannappol fidavuddin khaan kappam swaroopikkaan purappettu. ithu kettayudane, fida-udh-dhiin udan thanne ahmedabadilekku madangukayum rangojiyude durupayogathekkurichu paraathippedaan vallabhdas kotwaline khanderaavinte aduthekku ayakkukayum cheythu.
junnarile abdul assies khaan, viceroi (vyaja utharaviloode).
momin khaante maranashesham, gwaaratthile ettavum valia prabhuvaayirunnu jawan mardh khaan baabi. addeham adhikaarathil varaan aagrahikkaan thudangi, feeldil nallathallaatha fida-udh-dhiin addehathe deputy aayi niyamikkunnathinekkuri chinthichu. karyangal eee samsthaanathaayirunnappol, jawan mardh khaan ithinakam thanne jilla raundu ahmedaabinte varumaanathin avakaashavaadam unnayikkumbol, poonaykkadutthulla jannaarinte kamaandaraaya abdul assis khaane gujaraathinte vaisroyiyaayi niyamikkaan oru utharavu labhichu. eee utharavu abadul assis khaan vyajamaakki, addeham thante deputy aayi niyamicha jawan maard khaante thaalpparyangalkkayi. fida-udh-dhiin khaan utharavinte sathyasandhathaye samshayichuvenkilum, javan maard khaane neekkam cheyyaan addeham shakthanaayirunnilla, athanusarichu addeham svayam deputy viceroi aayi prakhyaapichu.
eee samayat kudissika kaaranam sainyangal fida-udh-dhiin khaaneyum mufthaakhir khaaneyum thadankalil paarppichu. jawan maard khaan nagaratthinte chumatala ettedukkukayum swantham aalukale kaaval nirthukayum cheythu. fida-udh-dhiin khaanum mufthaakhir khaanum thadavilaayirikkumbol, avar petlaad kottaykku keezhadangukayaanengil, addeham avare sahaayikkumenn khanderao gaikwar avarkk oru sandesham ayachu. ithinodu avar marupadi paranjilla. taanum sainyavum thammil edapedaan fida-udh-dhiin khaan ippol jawan maard khaane abhyarthichu. thadanusarichu, jawan maard khaan kalaapakaarikale fida-udh-dhiin khaane mochippikkaan prerippichu, avar oduvil nagaratthil ninnu rakshappett agrayilekku pooyi.
athesamayam, rangoji petlaadinte uparodham thudarnnu, commander agaa mohammed hussain, jawan mardh khaane sahaayikkanamenn aavasyappettathu vyarthamaayathinethudarnna keezhadangan nirbandhithanaayi. rangoji petlaad kotta thakarkkukayum ahammadbadilekku munnerukayum cheythu. nagaratthe sameepichappol, thante munkaala avakashangalum swathukkalum aavasyappetta rangojiyumaayi charcha cheyyaan "mirat-iii-ahamed" enna grandhakaraneyum ajabsingh jawan mardh khaan ayachu.
mufthaakhir khaan, ambathiyezhaamathe viceroi, 1743-44.
oru vyaja viceroi gujaraathine bharikkunnuvenna vaartha ippol dalhiyil athiyirunnu, athanusarichu mufthaakhir khaane ambathiyezhaamathe vaisroyiyaayi thiranjedutthu, abdul asisine orikkalum vaisroyiyaayi niyamichittillennu vishadeekarikkunna utharavu, karyangal nadathunnathil ninnu pinmaran jawan maard khaane nirddeshichu. engane pravarthikkanamennu mufthaakhir khaan aashayakkuzhappathilayi. thante sainyathe avarude kudissika nalkaan kazhiyumennu bodhyappeduthunnathil addeham vijayichu, utharavinte oru pakarpp addeham jawan maard khaanu ayachu; thanne sthaanabhrashtanaakkaan dhairyappedaathathinaal, thaan thanne deputy aayi niyamichathaayum thaan thanne udan thanne ahammadbadine vidumennum addeham jawan maard khaane ariyichu. anusarikkathe, mufthaakhir khaante veedu valayanamennu jawan mardh khaan utharavittu. oduvil mufthaakhir khaan nagaram vittu rangojiyil cherukayum pinneedu cambayilekku viramikkukayum cheythu.
khanderao gaikwar madangiyethi, thante avakaashavaadangal nadappilaakkuka enna lakshyathode, rangojiyumaayi onnichu, ahammadbadinu ekadesham anchu mile thekk bancharilekku march cheythu. nagaratthil ninnu purappedunna jawan mardh khaan kankeria thadaakathinu sameepam camp cheythu. maraatha nethaakkalkkuvendi narhar pandittineyum krishnajiyeyum avarude muun avakashangalum swathukkalum aavasyappedaan jawan mardkhaanilekku ayachu. aadyam jawan visammathichenkilum oduvil vazhithetti maratas dadu morarine nagaratthinte deputy aayi niyamichu. sherr khaan baabi ippol balasinorilekku madangi. pinneedu khanderavum kanajiyum dholkayilekkum rangoji petlaadilekkum khanderao gaikwar sorathilekkum pooyi. mufthakhir khaane sahayikkaan fida-udh-dhiin khaan rangojiyodu abhyarthichu; thanne sahayikkaan thayyaaraanenn addeham marupadi nalki, pakshe panamilla. rangoji pinneedu fida-udh-dhiin khaane anugamichu mufthaakhir khaan undaayirunna cambayilekku pooyi. charchakal nadathukayum khaanmar oru laksham roopa shekharikkaan sramikkukayum avare sahayikkaan sainika thayyaareduppukal nadatthaan rangoji aavasyappedukayum cheythu. avar valare budhimuttode 80,000 roopa samaharikkukayum rangojiyude naib bharanathil oru vihithamayi sweekarikkukayum cheythu. bakkiyulla 20,000 roopa nalkiyaal nadapadiyedukkaamenna vyaajena 80,000 roopayumaayi rangoji borzadilek pinwangi. rangojiyude perumaattatthil prakopithanaaya fida-udh-dhiin khaan, jaam jalia colic keezhilulla dhawan enna graamatthil thamasikkaan pooyi.
1744-ll jawan mardh khaan, thante sahodaranmaaril oralaaya sorawar khaane paattaanil deputy aayi niyamikkukayum thante mattoru sahodaran safdar khaane ahmedaabaadil paarppikkukayum cheytha sesham kappam shekharikkunnathinaayi nagaratthil ninnu kaadiyilekku munneri. poonaanadutthulla junnarile kamaandaraaya abdul assis khaane gujaraathil thannodoppam cheraan shanikkuka ennathaayirunnu addehathinte adutha padi. thadanusarichu abdul assies junnaril ninnu baglanile mulhar kottayude commander fatehib khaaneyum rustamrao maaraathayeyum koode kondupoyi. soorathilekkulla aadya march nirddeshichukondu, damaji gaikwaarinte thaalpparyangalkkayi aaa medhaaviyude leftanantaaya devaji takpar avide nireekshanam nadatthi, suurath vittasesham abdul assies ahammadbadilekku munnerunnathu thudarnnu soorathil ninnu pathinanju mile vadakku-padinjaaru kiim kathodrayilekku addehathe pinthudarnnu, avide addehathe aakramichu. vivaahanishchayathil abdul asisinte sainyathile pramukharil oralaaya rustamrao maaraathaye keezhadakkiya devaji takpar vijayichu. abdul assies khaan viramichu, pakshe maaraathakal addehathe valare aduthu pinthudarnnathinaal panoli addeham thante aanaye upekshikkaan nirbandhithanaayi, kuthirappurathu kayari ellah vegathayilum baruchilekku oodippoyi. narmadayilethiyappol, bottukal onnum kandethanaayilla, addehathe pinthudarunnavar thante kuthiraye vellathil nirtthi, nadhi neenthan shramichuvenkilum cheliyil vegathil pattinilkkunnathinaal addeham maraathakalaal pidikkappedukayum kollappedukayum cheythu.
fakhar-udh-daula, ambathiyettaamathe viceroi, 1744-1748.
abdul asisinte maranavaartha kettappol, jawan mardh khaan mufthaakhir khaanil cherunnathinekkurichu chinthichu. ivide addehathinu eee padhathi nadappakkaan kazhinju, naamanirddeshathinaayi chakravarthikku 2 laksham roopa sammaanamaayi labhichu, gujaraathinte ambathiyettaamathe vaisroyiyaayi fakhr-udh-daula fakhr-udh-dhiin khaan shujat jung bahadoorine niyamichu. puthiya viceroi thante parichayakkaranaaya sitharam enna oru bankerk oru shoonyamaaya paper ayachu, athil oru anuyojyanaaya deputy peru nalkaan aavasyappettu. javan mardh khaan baabi, deputy viceroi.jawan mardh khaante peril sitharam niraykkukayum fakhr-udh-daulaye vaisroyiyaayi prakhyapikkukayum cheythu. eee samayathaan safdar khaan baabi, sabarmati thalavanmaaril ninnu kappam eedaakkiya sesham, ahmedabadilekku madangiyethiyathu, koodaathe khanderao gaikwar, sorathil ninnu songadilekk kadannupokumbol, rangoji thante deputy aayi niyamichu. deputy rangoji niyukthanaayappol morar naayikkin pakaram krishnajiye mohammed nabiyilekku ayachu, svayam vaathrakkile arhar-maattarilekku neengi, athil ninnu kairayilekku (kheda) pooyi, jawan mardh khaane sandarshikkukayum avarumaayi souhrudabandham sthaapikkukayum cheythu. athe varsham kasttams suuprand alii mohammed khaan marikkukayum addehathinte sthaanathu "mirat-iii-ahamed" enna grandhatthinte rachayithaavine niyamikkukayum cheythu. eee varshavum pahar khaan jhalori marikkukayum addehathinte ammavan mohammed bahadoorine paalaanpoorinte govarnoraayi niyamikkukayum cheythu.
eee samayathaan peshwayude shakti kuraykkunnathinulla shramathil sahayikkaan khanderao dabhaadinte vidhavayaya umabay khanderao gaikwarine vilippichathu. damaji gaikwarine dakhaan ozhivakkaan kazhiyaathathinal, khanderaavine gujaraathil deputy aayi niyamichu, koodaathe ahammadbaadil thanne prathinideekarikkaan oru ramchandrane addeham thiranjedutthu. viceroi enna thante niyamanathil cheraan fakhrud-daula munnott vannappol sherr khaan baabi addehathe baalasinarilvechu valare bahumaanathode sweekarichu. maruvashathu, fakhrud-daulaye paramavadhi prathirodhikkaan theerumaanicha jawan mardh khaan baabi, petlaadil ninnu oru maraatha kuthirayude shareeravumaayi gangaadharine vilichu nagarathinu ekadesham patthu mile thekk-padinjaaru isanpooril sthaapichu, chumarukalil ninnu ekadesham onnara mile akaleyulla asarvayil palayamirangiya ahammadbaadinte kottakal upekshichu. thalasthaanathekkulla addehathinte purogathiyude samayat puthiya visroyiyodoppam kapadvanchile idaarile raisinghji orumichu munnerukayum avar ahammadbadinu pathinettu mile kizhakkulla bheelpoorilethicherukayum cheythu. avarude sameepanam prakaram jawan mardh khaan avare ethirkkaan safdar khaaneyum gangaadharineyum ayachu, thalasthaanathu ninnu aarr mile akale iru sainyangalum ettumutti. kurachu poraattangalkku sesham rajpurayude praanthapradeshathekku nirbandhithamaayi pookunnathil fakhrud-daula vijayikkukayum pittennu shathruvine thirichayakkunnathu thudarukayum berampurayude praanthapradesham pidichedukkukayum nagaratthinte yadhaartha uparodham aarambikkukayum cheythu. eee ghattathil karyangal oru vazhithirivayi. fakhar-udh-daulaykku parikkelkkukayum thante campilekku madangukayum cheythappol, visroyiyude rund mukhya anuyayikalaaya sherr khaan babby idaarile raisimjiyeyum thante vashathekku keezhadakkunnathil jawan mardh khaan vijayichu. mirat-iii-ahamed" prathyekichum paraamarshikkunnath, raaja raising thante sainikarkk panam nalkaan panam aavasyappettirunnuvennum ennaal eee niyamam valarekkaalamaayi oru maricha kathaanennu ariyaathe fakhr-udh-daula paranju, sevana kaalayalavil oru jilla kaivasham vachirunnathinaal, saamraajyathva sevanathilaayirikkumbol panam sahayam aavashyappedunnathu addehathinu uchithamallennum.
pittennu fakhr-udh-daulaye safdar khaan babby maaraathakalum valanju, oru bharya chila kuttikaleyum thadavilaakki, mattoru bharya sidhpoorilekku rakshapetta makaneyum pidikoodi ahammadbadilekku thirike konduvannu.
ithinushesham khanderao gaikwar fakhrud-daulayil ninnu edutha kollayude thante vihitam sweekarikkaan gujaraathilekku madangi. borsadilethiya addeham rangoji ahamedbad vare kondupoyi, avide addeham jawan mardh khaane kandumuttukayum rangojiyil ninnu kappatthinte vihitam nedukayum cheythu. rangojiyude vivaranagalil nandarav samthrupthanaayilla, oru puthiya deputy niyamichu addeham rangojiyude swath kanduketty, ahammadbadine sorathilekku vidunnathinu munbu addehathe borsadile thadavil paarppichu. maahi nadiyude theerathulla ghiyaaspoor autposttil addeham fakhr-udh-daulaye thadavilaakki. athesamayam, jawan mardh khaan babby sahodaran safdar khaanum thammilulla chila thettidhaaranakalude anantharafalamaayi, randaamathethu udepoorilekku viramikkukayum jawan mardh khaan visalnagarilekku (visnagar) pookukayum cheythu. visalnagaril ninnu, jawan mardh khaan raadhanpoorilekku neengukayum thante sahodaran safdar khaane kandumuttukayum avar anurajanam nadathukayum ahammadbadilekku madangukayum cheythu. ithinidayil sorathil ninnu madangiyethiya khanderao gaikwar, dholkayil thambadichu mooroo pandittinu pakaram trimbakrao pandittine ahmedaabaadil thante deputy aayi niyamichu. rangoji thadankalil paarppichathaayi ketta umabi addehathe vilikkukayum addeham khanderao gaikwarinoppam dakhaanilekku attakuttappanikal nadathukayum cheythu.
taamasiyaathe punaji vithal, trimbuck pandittumayi chernnu, jawan mardh khaanil athrupthi prakadippichu, fakhr-udh-daulayumaayi goodaalochana aarambhichu. ithinidayil umabi rangoji avarude deputy aayi niyamichu, addeham jawan mardh khaante kadutha suhruthaayathinaal, trimbakraavine ahmedabadil ninnu puratthaakkukayum nagara varumaanathinte maraatha vihitam svayam shekharikkukayum cheythu. eee punaji vithalil gangadhar, krishnaji ennivare oru sainyavumayi ayachu, avar mugal udyogasthare varumaanathinte naalilonn eedaakkiya jillakalil ninnu purathaakki, avarude maanejment swantham kaikalilekku eduthu. rangoji ippol sherr khaan babiyodu sahayikkaan aavasyappettu. sherr khaan sammathichu; ennaal thante sainikarkk panam nalkaan panamillaathathinaal addeham kaalathamasam varuthukayum pinneedu mahuda nadiad kollayadikkukayum cheythu. rangoji addehathodoppam cheraan parajayappettathinaal, share khaan ottaykku kapadvanchilekku neengukayum kapadvanchil ninnu fakhrud-daulayumaayi bandhappettirunna maraatha campinethire march cheyyukayum cheythu. addeham athiyathinu sheshamulla raathriyil, maaraathakal sherr khaante campinu nere akramanam nadatthi, athil iruvashathumulla niravadhi aalukal kollappettu. pittennu raavile yuddham puthukki, ennaal sherr khaan chila nibandhanakal nirddeshichathode poraattam avasaanichu. athe ratri thanne, rangoji baalasinooril athiyennu ketta sherr khaan kapadvanchilekku moshtichu. punajiyum fakhr-udh-daulayum pinthudarnnenkilum rangoji sherkhaanum avarude sainyathil cherunnathu thadayunnathil parajayappettu.
1746ll kapadwanchu pattanatthinte sameepat oru yuddham nadannu, athil sherr khaanu parikkettu. kapadvanchil rangojiyude abhayam thedaan addeham nirbandhithanaayi, athesamayam fakhrud-daula, gangadhar, krishnaaji ennivar aaa pattanam uparodhichu. eee samayat, maalvayilekkulla vaarshika raidle ninnu madangunna malharao holkarod, virpur akramikkunnathil thannodoppam cheraan, lunavada thalavan aavasyappettu. holkar sammathikkukayum virpur kollayadikkappedukayum cheythu. holkarude varavu ketta rangoji, sahaayathinaayi varaan addehathodu yaachichu, 2 lakshvum rund aanakalum labhikkumenn vaagdaanam cheythukondu holkar sammathichu. holkarude sameepanam ketta gangadhar, krishnaji, fakhr-udh-daula ennivar kapadwanchu uparodham uyarthukayum dholkkayilekku march cheyyukayum aaa jillayile govarnore puratthaakkukayum cheythu. taamasiyaathe damajiyudeyum khanderao gaikwaarinteyum samansil rangoji barodayilekku viramichu. athesamayam, fakhar-udh-daula, krishnaaji, gangadhar ennivar ahammadbaadile duscroi sub divisionile jethaalpoorilekk munnerukayum athu kaivashappeduthukayum jawan mardh khaante deputy ambar habshi puratthaakkukayum cheythu. damaji khanderao gaikwar barodayil ninnu vaasuvilekku kadannupoyi, avide krishnajiyum gangadhar avare kandumutty, avare fakhr-udh-daulaye sahaayichathin damaji apalapichu. eee avasarathil damaji baroda nadiad, borzad jillakal thante sahodaran khanderaavin nalki, ithu khanderaavinte bhaagathuninnulla eathu vikaaravum ennennekkumaayi illaathaakki. thudarnnu, goklejilekku neengumbol, damajik jawan maard khaanumayi oru abhimukham undaayirunnu. goklejil ninnu addeham fakhrud-daulaykkoppam kanoji thakparine sorathilekku ayakkukayum svayam songadilekku madangukayum cheythu. khanderaavin borzad nalkiyathinaal, umrethil addehathinte vasathiyayi rangoji sthaapichu.
eee varsham, 1746-ll, soorathile gavarnaraaya tegbeg khaan marikkukayum addehathinte pingamiyaayi addehathinte sahodaran safdar mohammed khaan, ezhu kuthirakalude sammanam sweekarichu chakravarthiyil ninnu bahadoor enna padavi sweekarikkukayum cheythu. eee samayat talib alii khaan marikkukayum "mirat-iii-ahamed" enna grandhakaarane chakravarty manthriyaayi niyamikkukayum cheythu. 1747-ll rangoji ahammadaabaadilekk madangukayum nagaratthil ninnu eathaanum mile akale vechu jawan mardh khaan addehavumaayi oru abhimukham nadathukayum cheythu. ithinu thottupinnaale mehmudabadileyum mahudayileyum kolikal kalapam nadathiyenkilum kalaapathe shahbaz rohilla vegathil adichamarthi.
eee varsham cambay gavarnaraaya najmu khaan marichu. najmu-udh-daula momin khaan iii yude makan mufthaakhir khaan.momin khaan randaaman enna padavi labhicha addeham, najam khaante maranathekkurichu chakravarty ariyikkukayum 1748ll govarnorude padavi ettedukkukayum cheythu. najmu khaante maranavaartha kettappol, antharicha govarnorude kudumbathodoppam anushochanam ariyikkunnuvennu nadichu, fida-udh-dhiin khaan cambayilekku march cheythu, pakshe pattanatthilekku praveshikkaan anuvadikkaathathinaal addeham viramichu. pinneedu addeham umrethilekku pooyi rangojikkoppam thaamasichu. fakhrud-daulaykkoppam sorathilekku poya kanoji takpar ippol vantali nagaram uparodhikkukayum pidichedukkukayum cheythu. maraathakalkku avarude raajyathekku madangaan samayamayathinaal, kanoji fakhr-udh-daulayum dholkkayilekku viramikkukayum deputy gavarnaraaya mohammed jaanbaasine puratthaakkukayum cheythu. thante kappam sambandhicha tharkkathil eee samayat jawan mardh khaanumayi tharkkathilaayirunna rangoji ippol vannu avarodoppam cherukayum avarude samyuktha sainyam sanandilekku munnerukayum avide nagaram kollayadicha sesham avar paalayamirangukayum cheythu. ippol canogic dakhaanilekku (decan) pinmaranulla samayamaayirunnu. ayal jillakalil ninnu kappam shekharikkunnathinaayi rangoji fakhr-udh-daulayum pinnil nilkkukayum isaanpoorilekku march cheyyukayum avidevachu jawan mardh khaan avare ethirkkukayum cheythu. eee avasarathil jawan mardh khaanum fakhr-udh-daulayum idaarile rajaa reysinginte sakhyam thedi. ennaal, kooduthal anukoolamaaya nibandhanakal vaagdaanam cheythathode, rajaa raising fakhr-udh-daulayil cheraan theerumaanichu. sherr khaan babby fakhr-udh-daulayodoppam chernnu, angane addeham ahammadbadine uparodhikkukayum cheythu. eee sambhavangal ahammadbaadil kadannupokumbol, khanderao gaikwaarinte datheduttha makanaaya hariba, akkaalat borzad kottayude kaivashamundaayirunnappol, petlaadinte keezhilulla rangojiyude gramangal kollayadikkaan thudangi, addehathinte deputy akramikkukayum addehathe paraajayappedutthukayum kollukayum cheythu. eee saahacharyathil rangoji ahammadbaadil ninnu pinmaarukayum borzad kotta akramikkukayum pidichedukkukayum hariba raajyam vidaan nirbandhikkukayum cheythu. jawan mardh khaan ippol naadiyaadil khanderaavinte deputy janardhan pandittine ayakkukayum rangojiyude prathinidhiyude sthaanathu ahammadbaadinte maraatha vihitam kaikaaryam cheyyaan addehathe niyamikkukayum cheythu.
eee varshangalil suurath sarkkaaril supradhana mattangal sambhavichu. 1734ll, vyaapaarikalude thalavan atwa kottayude nirmmaathaavumaaya mullah mohammed alii jayilil vachu tegbeg khaan kollappettappol, nissam addehathinte maranathinu prathikaram cheyyaan sayyid mithane ayachu. sayyid mithan paraajayappettukond madangaan nirbandhithanaayi. tegbeg khaante maranashesham, sayyid mithan veendum soorathil ethi, avide shambalakkaarante padavi vahichirunna sahodaran sayyid achanodoppam thaamasichu. sayyid mithan nagaratthile sarkkaarine thante kaikalilekku kondupokaan shramichenkilum veendum paraajayappettukond aathmahathya cheythu. thudarnnu addehathinte sahodaran sayyid achan aakramanamcheythu kotta pidichedukkukayum kamaandare puratthaakkukayum cheythu; adhehavum govarnor safdar mohammed khaanum thammil niravadhi divasathekku yuddham nadakkukayum athil samshayaaspadamaaya vijayam kaivarikkukayum cheythu. oduvil sayyid achan barodayile deputy malharavine sahayikkaan vilikkukayum avarude samyuktha sainyam nagaram muzhuvan pidichedukkukayum cheythu. nagaram kollayadikkumbol malharao kollappedukayum kaaryangalude muzhuvan niyanthranavum sayyid achante kaikalilekku veezhukayum cheythu. antharicha gavarnaraaya safdar mohammed khaan nagaram vidaan nirbandhithanaayenkilum, oru poraattavumillaathe suurath upekshikkillennu dridanishchayam cheyyukayum chilare uyarthukayum cheythu. sayyid achan ippol arab, turke, engleesh, dutch, porchugees vyaapaarikalodu thanne sahayikkaan yaachichu. sayyid achane govarnoraayi niyamikkanamenn yaachichukond chakravarty nisamineyum abhisambodhana cheytha oru rekhayil shree. allatha ellah vyaapaarikalum oppuvachu. engleesh medhavi aattinkoottam, aadyam nirasichenkilum, oduvil mattu vyapaarikal addehathe oppidaan prerippichu. vyapaarikal pinneedu sayyid achane sahayikkukayum safdar mohammed khaan sindhilekku viramikkukayum cheythu.
sayyid achan sammathichu, pakshe vazhiyil misttar. mullah fakhr-udh-dine engleesh factoryilekku kondupoyi, pinneedu veshammari bombayilekku (ippol mumbai) ayachu. ithinidayil, malharavinoppam sayyid achan sahayam aavasyappetta daamaajiyude cussin kedarji gaikwar soorathil ethi, sayyid achan addehathinte sahayamillaathe vijayichenkilum, kedarji vaagdaanam cheytha 3 laksham roopa aavasyappettu. kedarjiyude aavashyangale ethirkkaan sayyid praapthanallaathathinaal, addehathinu nalkaan panamillaathathinaal, thuka nalkunnathuvare soorathinte varumaanathinte moonnilonnu addeham addehathinu kaimari. ithinu munbu soorathinte varumaanathinte moonnilonnu janjeerayile yakut khaante deputy haphis masood khaanu nalkiyirunnathinaal suurath govarnorude vethanam motham varumaanathinte moonnilonnu aayi kuraykkukayum ithu muthasaadikkum bakshikkum idayil vibhajikkukayum cheythu.
1747ll (samvaad 1803) bhookambathinteyum valia kshaamathinteyum gurutharamaaya aaghaatham undaayi, athu niravadhi maranangalkk kaaranamaayi. adutha varsham, jawan mardh khaan jetalpur thirichupidikkaan shramichenkilum parajayappettu. ekadesham athe samayam thanne umabi marichu, umabayiyude makante rakshaadhikaariyaaya baburao senapathiyude bhaarya ambikayumaayi nalla bandhamundaayirunna daamaajiyude sahodaran khanderao gujaraathile sahodaran daamaajiyude deputy aayi svanthamaayi niyamanam nedi. deputy aayi niyamithanaayappol, chandravesh udan thanne haribayil ninnu edutha rangoji borzad veendedukkaan rangojikkethire march cheythu. avarude sainyathodoppam rund ditaachmentukal chernnu, onnu agha mohammed husainte neethrthwathil momin khaanil ninnum mattonn janardhan pandittinte neethrthwathil jawan mardh khaanil ninnum. samyuktha sainyam borzad uparodhichu. anchu maasathe uparodhathin sesham borzad pidichedukkukayum rangoji khanderao thadavilaakkukayum cheythu. rangojiyude sakhyakakshikalaya borzad sherr khaan babiyudeyum idaarile rajaa raisinghinteyum pathanatthil, baalasinorilekkum idaarilekkum madangi; fakhr-udh-daulaye petlaadilekkum fida-udh-dhiin khaanilekkum ayachu, umret vittu, attarsumbayude thalavanaaya jedhayude aduthekku abhayam thedi.
1748ll mugal chakravarthiyaaya mohammed shhaa marikkukayum addehathinte makan ahamed shhaa bahadur () addehathinte pingamiyaavukayum cheythu.

