
bismat vanaadett

bivo 4 enna soothravaakyamulla ajaiva samyukthamaanu bismat vanaadett. ithu thilakkamulla manja niratthilulla kharapadaarthamaanu. 2.4 iii. viyil thaazhe idungiya baand vidavukalulla drishyaprakaasha foto-kaattalistaayi ithu vyaapakamaayi padikkappedunnu. ithu "sankeernamaaya ajaiva niramulla pigmentukal" allengil sixukalude prathinidhiyaan. kooduthal vyakthamaayi paranjaal, oru mishrita loha ooksaidaanu bismat vanaadett. anthaaraashtra kalar induxil sii ennum bismat vanaadett ariyappedunnu.aii. pigment manja 184. apoorva daathukkalaaya pucherait, clinobiswanite, drairite ennivayaayi ithu swaabhaavikamaayi kaanapedunnu.
charithravum upayogangalum.
thilangunna manja podiyaanu bismat vanaadett, ithinu cheria pacha niramundakaam. pigmentaayi upayogikkumbol ithinu uyarnna chroma mikacha maraykkal shakthiyumund. prakrithiyil, roopappetta prathyeka polymorphine aashrayich pacheraitt, clinobiswanite, drairite ennee daathukkalaayi bismat vanaadett kandethaam. 1924-ll oru farmaceutical pettantil aadyamaayi rekhappeduthappetta ithinte synthesis 1980-kalude madhyathil oru pigmentaayi eluppathil upayogikkaan thudangi. innu ithu pigment upayogathinaayi lokamembaadum nirmmikkappedunnu.
swathukkal.
mikka vaanijyaparamaaya bismat wanadate pigmentukalum monoclinic (clinobiswanite), tetragonal (drairite) gadanakale adisthaanamaakkiyullathaanu, ennirunnaalum kazhinja rund ghattangalil bismat wanadettum bismat molibdettum (bii 2 moo 6) thammilulla 4:3 bandham ulppedunna samvidaanangal upayogichittundu. 
oru foto kaattalist enna nilayil.
jalavitharanathinum parihaarathinumaayi oru foto kaattalist enna nilayil bivo 4 valareyadhikam shradha nediyittundu.
monoclinic ghattathil, 2.4 iii. vii. bandgyapulla oru enn-type foto active ardhachaalakamaanu bivo 4, ithu dablyu, emo ennivayumaayi dopping cheytha sesham vellam pilarunnathinekkurichu anweshikkappettittund. bivo 4 photoanodukal valare lalithavum vilakuranjathumaaya vasthukkalude gunafalamaayi phlait philimukalkku 5.2 sathamaanavum coor-shell nanorodukalkku (mettal-ooksaid foto-electrodinu ettavum uyarnnathu) 8.2 sathamaanavum sourorjjam muthal hydrajan (ezz. tii. echu) vare parivartthana karyakshamatha kaanikkunnu.
uthppaadanam.
mikka sixukalum uyarnna thaapanila calcination vazhiyaan roopappedunnathu, athesamayam plasmuth vanaadett piechu niyantritha mazha prathikaranangalude oru parambarayil ninnu roopappedaam. aavasyamulla avasana ghattathe aashrayich molybdinathinte saannidhyathodeyo allaatheyo eee prathikaranangal nadatthaam. maathru ooksaidukalil (Bi2o3, v2o5) ninnu aarambikkukayum oru shudhamaaya uthppannam nedunnathinu uyarnna thaapanila calcination nadathukayum cheyyaam.

