
kusko

andees parvathanirakalile urubamba thaazhvaraykku sameepamulla thekkukizhakkan peruvile oru nagaramaan kusko allengil kusko (). kusko mekhalayudeyum kusko pravisyayudeyum thalasthaanamaanithu. peruvile ettavum janasamkhyayulla ezhaamathe nagaramaanith; 2017 ll 428,450 janasamkhyayundaayirunnu. athinte uyaram ekadesham aanu.
13-aamm noottaand muthal 16-aamm noottaandile spanish adhinivesham vare inca saamraajyathinte thalasthaanamaayirunnu eee nagaram. 1983ll unesco "cusco nagaram" enna peril kusko loka paithruka sthalamaayi prakhyaapichu. prathivarsham ekadesham 2 dasalaksham sandarshakarkku aathidheyathvam vahikkunna ithu oru pradhana vinodasanjaara kendramaayi mariyirikkunnu. peruvinte charitraparamaaya thalasthaanamaayi peruvine bharanaghadana (1993) nirvachichittundu.
aksharavinyaasavum padavyuthpathiyum.
eee nagaratthinte thaddesheeya namam. thekkan kvechuvayilaanu eee peru upayogichirunnathenkilum athinte uthbhavam aymara bhaashayilaan. ayyar sahodarangalekkurichulla nagaratthinte adisthaana puraanavumayi bandhapetta (moongayude paara) vaakyathil ninnaan eee vaakk uruthirinjathu. eee aitihyam anusarichu, ayyar avka () chirakukal nedukayum bhaaviyile nagaratthinte sthalathekku parakkukayum cheythu; avide addeham thante ("vamsham") bhoomiyude kaivashappedutthal adayaalappeduthunnathinayi oru paarayaayi parivartthanam cheyyappettu
spanish konkvistaadormaar (spanish sainikar) praadeshika namam sweekarichu, spanish shabdashaasthram anusarichu allengil kurachukoodi, ithu transcribe cheythu. colonial kaalaghattatthile audyogika rekhakalilum charithrangalilum saadhaarana aksharavinyasam upayogichirunnuvenkilum. pathinaram noottaandile spanish bhashayil ucharikkappedunna eee peru akkaalathe kusko kvechuva uchaaranathin aduthulla oru ekadesha kanakkaanenn thonnunnu.
athinusesham spanish, kvechuva uchaaranam vikasichathinaal, 'z' enna spanish uchaaranam ippol kvechuva ucharanavumaayi saarvathrikamaayi aduthilla. 1976ll sitti mayer parambaraagatha aksharavinyasam nirodhikkunnathinum munisippaalitti prasidheekaranangalil puthiya aksharavinyasam upayogikkaan utharavidunnathinumulla oru oordinansil oppuvachu. pathonpathu varshangalkk sesham, 1990 juun 23 nuu, praadeshika adhikaarikal kvechuvayumaayi kooduthal adutha bandhamullah "cosco" enna puthiya aksharavinyasam aupachaarikamaakkiyenkilum pilkkala bharanakoodangal athu pinthudarnnilla.
nagaratthinte perinte anthaaraashtravum audyogikavumaaya aksharavinyasamilla. engleesh bhasha prasidheekaranangalil "s", "z" enniva kaanam. ooksfoord dictionary oof engleesh", "merrium-webstar dictionary" enniva "kusko" enniva eshtappedunnu, pandithochithamaaya rachanakalil "kusko" ennathinekkaal "kusko" aanu kooduthalaayi upayogikkunnathu. muun spanish aksharavinyaasathe prathifalippikkunna nagaratthinte anthaaraashtra vimaanathaavala coode kus aanu.
charithram.
samskaaram.
pathimoonnaam noottaandil inkayude varavinu munbu 900 muthal 1200 vare kilkke janatha eee pradesham kaivashappeduthiyirunnu. kuskoik purathulla mathilukalulla samuchayamaya saksaayvamaante kaarban-14 kaalaghattam prakaram 1100 sii. iii. yilaanu kilke kotta nirmmichathennu sthaapichathu. inca pinneedu 13-aamm noottaandil samuchayam vipuleekarikkukayum kaivashappeduthukayum cheythu. 2008 maarchil puraavastu gaveshakar saksaayvamanile oru purathana kshethram, rooad, akwadakt samvidaanathinte avashishtangal kandethi. chilath ulkkollunna eee kshethrathil 11 murikalundu, athil vigrahangalum mammikalum undayirunnathaayi karuthappedunnu, ithu athinte mathaparamaya uddeshyam sthaapikkunnu. 2007-leeii khanana phalangalkkoppam, kottayude arikil mattoru kshethram kandethiyappol, ithu deerghakaalamaayi mathaparavum sainikavumaaya eee soukaryathinte upayogathe soochippikkunnu.
inca charithram.
kusko valarekkaalamaayi thaddesheeyarude oru pradhana kendramaayirunnu. inca saamraajyathinte thalasthaanamaayirunnu ithu (13-aamm noottaand-1532). vishudha mrugamaaya pyoomayude aakruthiyilulla oru prathimayaayittaan nagaram aasoothranam cheythathennu palarum vishwasikkunnu. kusko engane prathyekamaayi nirmmichuvenno athinte valia kallukal engane khananam cheyth saittilekk kondupoyathenno ippozhum nirnnayikkappettilla. inkayude keezhil nagarathinu rund sectorukal undaayirunnu "yoorin", "hannon". oro pravisyayum chinjasuyu (enn. dablyu), antisuyu (neey), kuntisuyu (ezz. dablyu), kullasu (seey) ennee naalu pravisyakalil randennam ulkkollunnathayi vibhajichu. oro paadatthil ninnum saamraajyathinte anubandha paadatthilekku nayikkunna oru rooad.
oro praadeshika nethaavum nagaratthil oru veedu nirmmikkukayum varshathinte oru bhagam kuskoyil thaamasikkukayum cheyyendathundu, athu addeham kaivashappedutthiya pradeshatthinte paadavumaayi poruthappedunna paadatthil parimithappedutthiyirunnu. pachakkutty bharanathinushesham, oru inca marichappol, addehathinte padavi oru makanu nalkukayum addehathinte swath mattu bandhukkal niyanthrikkunna oru corporation nalkukayum cheythu (vibhajicha anantharaavakaasham). oro avakasha udamaykkum oru puthiya veedu nirmmikkukayum saamraajyathilekku puthiya bhoomi cherkkukayum cheyyendivannu, thante maranashesham thante kudumbatthinu sookshikkaan bhoomi svanthamaakkaanaayi.
inca aithihyamanusarichu, kusko raajyathe urakkathilaaya oru nagara-samsthaanathu ninnu "tawantinsuyu" enna vishalamaaya saamrajyamaakki maattiya manushyanaaya saapa inca pachaakuttiyaan nagaram punarnirmmichathu. ennirunnaalum, puraavastu thelivukal pachakkuttikku munbu aarambhicha nagaratthinte mandagathiyilullathum kooduthal jaiva valarchayilekku viral choondunnu. nagarathinu chuttum rund nadikal ozhukunna oru nischitha padhathi prakaaramaan nagaram nirmmichathu. eee nagara padhathi mattu sthalangalilum aavarthichathayi puraavastu gaveshakar abhipraayappettittund.
1528-ll huyana kappaasinte maranashesham inca aabhyantharayudhathil nagaram huwakar mekhalayilekku veenu. 1532 eprilil kwipaipaan yudhathil athaahuvaalpayile generalmaar ithu pidichedutthu. pathonpathu maasangalkk sesham, spanish paryavekshakar atahulpa thattikkondupoyi kolappedutthi (kusko yuddham kaanuka), avarude aayudangalum kuthirakalum kaaranam niyanthranam nedukayum mikacha sainika saankethikavidya upayogikkukayum cheythu.
spanish adhiniveshathinushesham.
1533 meyy maasathil kajamarkka yudhathinushesham aadyathe moonnu spaaniyaardukal athahulpayude mochanadravyathinaayi shekharichu. 1533 november 15nuu francisco pisaro audyogikamaayi kuskoyilethi. "incassinte thalasthaanam... athinte kettidangalude soundaryavum theruvukalude neelavum kramavum spaaniyaardukale athbhuthappeduthi."oro paramadhikaariyum thanikkayi oru puthiya kottaram nirmmichathinaal, valia chathuratthinu chuttum niravadhi kottarangal undaayirunnu."kallu paniyude madhuryam spaaniyaardukaludethinekkal mikachathu". kanatha parakal" chernna moonnu paravashangalullathaan eee kotta. "thalasthaanatthinte hridayabhaagathukoodi oru nadhi ozhuki... kallumaayi abhimukeekarikkunnu. ... kuskoyile ettavum adambara kettidam... suuryanu samarppichirikkunna mahathaaya kshethramaayirunnu athennathil samshayamilla... swarnna plettukal kondu pothinjirikkunnu... purohithanmarkkulla konventukalum dormittarikalum chuttumund. ... kottarangal ennamattathaayirunnu, avayude ulladakkam kollayadikkunnathilum korichayile rajakeeya mammikal ulppedeyulla mathaparamaya kettidangal kollayadikkunnathilum sainikar oru samayavum paazhakkiyilla.
puthiya peruvian nethaavaayi pisaro aupachaarikamaayi mango inkaykku incan franch nalki. pisaro thante chila aalukale nagaratthil thamasikkaanum sthirathaamasamaakkaanum prothsaahippichu, athinaayi repertimentos allengil bhoomi graantukal nalki. 1534 march 24 nuu aalkaaldukalum rejidorukalum sthaapikkappettu, athil gonsaalo pisaro, juvan pisaro ennee sahodaranmaarum ulppedunnu. pisaro 90 peradangunna oru kaaval senaye upekshichu manco inkaykkoppam joujayilekku purappettu.
pisaro ithine "valare maanyavum mahathaayathumaaya nagaramaya kusko" ennu punarnaamakaranam cheythu. spanish adhiniveshathinushesham palappozhum nirmmicha kettidangalkk spanish swaadheenavum inka thaddesheeya vaasthuvidya, santa clara, saan blass ayalpakkangal ennivayulppede, sammisramaanu. spanish niravadhi inca kettidangalum shethrangalum kottaarangalum nashippichu. bakkiyulla mathilukal avar oru puthiya nagaratthinte nirmmaanathinu aditharayaayi upayogichu, eee kallu ippozhum drishyamaanu.
pithaav vinsent dii walverde kuskoyude bishappayi maarukayum plaasaykk abhimukhamaayi thante cathedral nirmmikkukayum cheythu. korichaankayude avashishtangalil dominican oordar monastry (saanto domingo konvent), sooryante veedu, sooryante kanyakamaarude veedinte muun saittil oru konvent ennivayude nirmmaanatthe addeham pinthunachu.
1536-ll sapa inkayude nethaavaaya manco inca yupanki kusko uparodham nadathiyappol addeham spaanishil ninnu nagaratthinte niyanthranam etteduthu. uparodham 10 maasam neenduninnengilum aathyanthikamayi athu parajayappettu. maankoyude sainyathin eathaanum divasangalkku maathrame nagaram veendedukkaan kazhinjulloo. oduvil addeham puthuthayi sthaapithamaaya cheria neo-inca samsthaanathinte thalasthaanamaaya wilkabambayilekku pinwangi. avide addehathinte samsthaanam 36 varsham koodi athijeevichenkilum addehathinu orikkalum kuskoilekku madangaan kazhinjilla. amerikkayude spanish kolanivalkkaranatthinte samgharshangalilum varshangaliludaneelam, europpukaarkkidayil appozhekkum oru rogathinethire prathirodhasheshi illaathathinaal niravadhi inkakal vasuri pakarchavyaadhikal moolam marichu.
samskaarangalude paalikalilaanu kusko nirmmichathu. kilke gadanakalilaanu tawantinsuyu (muun inca saamrajyam) nirmmichathu. spanish thaddesheeya shethrangalkku pakaram catholica pallikalum inca kottarangalkk pakaram aakramanakaarikalkkulla maalikakalum sthaapichu.
spanish kolanivalkkaranatthinteyum andean lokath kristhumathatthinte vyaapanathinteyum kendramaayirunnu kusko. krishi, kannukaali valarthal, khananam, spainumaayulla vyapaaram ennivayaal ithu valare sambannamaayi. spanish kolanikkaar niravadhi pallikalum konventukalum oru cathedral, yooniversitti, athiroopatha ennivayum nirmmichu.
hajarakunnu.
1950ll 21nuu undaaya oru valia bhookambam nagaratthinte moonnilonnil kooduthal gadanakalkku kedupaadukal varuthiyekkaam. colonial kaalaghattatthile kettidangalil onnaaya dominican prioryum saanto domingo pally sradheyamaaya "khurikaancha" (sooryante kshethram) nuu mukalil nirmmichavayaanu. inca vaasthuvidya bhookambathe athijeevichu. pazhaya inca mathilukalil palathum bhookambathinu sesham nashtappettathayi aadyam karuthiyirunnuvenkilum "khurikaancha" yude graanait nilanirthunna mathilukalum nagaratthiludaneelamulla mattu purathana gadanakalum thurannukattappettu. santo domingo samuchayathile punarudhaarana pravartthanangal colonial paithrukathinte samagrathayil vittuveezhcha cheyyaathe munbu uparithala ghadana maranjirunna inca kallu thurannukaatti. 1950ll takarnna pala kettidangaleyum onpathu varsham munbu undaaya bhookambam baadhichirunnu.
1990kall muthal vinodasanjaaram vardhichu. nilavil peruvile ettavum pradhanappetta vinodasanjaara kendramaanu kusko. 1983num 1995num idayil "academia mayer dii laa lengwa kvechuva" yude kadutha pinthunakkaaranaaya mayer danielle estrada peresinte bharanathin keezhil "kvechuva" enna peru nagarathinu audyogikamaayi sweekarichu. peruvile covid-19 mahamari peruvian prathishedhavum nagaratthile vinodasanchaarathe saaramaayi baadhichu, pinneedulla paripaadikku prathidinam 10 dasalaksham adivayarukal chelavaakum.
bhoomishaasthram.
huvaattane (allengil vaathane) nadeethadatthiludaneelam kusko vyaapichukidakkunnu. kuskoyude kizhakke attathu sthithi cheiyunna ithinte uyaram chuttumund. athinte vadakku parvathangalodukoodiya wilkabamba parvathanirakalundu. kuskoyude vadakkupadinjaraayi sthithicheyyunna saalkaanteyaan ettavum uyaram koodiya kodumudi.
kaalavastha.
kuskoyil uposhnamekhalaa malayora kaalavasthayaanu (copen "sidablueby"). rund nirddishta seasonukalulla ithu pothuve varandathum mithasheethoshnavumaan. meyy muthal septambar vareyulla shaithyakaalam, dhaaraalam sooryaprakaashavum idaykkide rathrikaala maravippumullathaan; sharashari thanuppulla maasamaan juulai. october muthal epril vare venalkkaalam, choodulla thapanilayum samriddhamaaya mazhayum; november aanu ettavum choodulla maasam, sharashari. manjum aalippazhavum saadhaaranamaanenkilum, avasaanamaayi report cheyyappetta manjuveezhcha 1911 joonilaayirunnu. thaapanila saadhaaranayaayi muthal vyathyaasappedunnu, ennaal ekkaalatheyum thaapanila paridhi athinidayilaanu. joolaiyil sooryaprakaasham ettavum uyarnnathaan, vadakkan ardhagolathile januvariykk thulyamaanu. ithinu vipareethamaayi, vadakkan ardhagolathile augustinu thulyamaaya februvariyil ettavum kuranja sooryaprakaashamundu.
2006ll bhoomiyile ettavum uyarnna sharashari ultraviolet prakashamulla sthalamaayi kusko kandethi.
vinodasanjaaram.
2000kalude thudakkam muthal sambadvyavasthayude nattellaan vinodasanjaaram, prathivarsham 12 lakshathiladhikam vinodasanchaarikale ithu aakarshikkunnu. 2002ll vinodasanchaarathil ninnu labhicha varumanam 83.7 kodi dolaraayirunnu. 2009ll aaa samkhya 2.47 bilyan dollarayi uyarnnu. covid-19 mahamari kaaranam vinodasanjaaram ganyamaayi kuranju.
pradhana sittukal.
thaddesheeya kilkke samskaaram 1100 oode saaksaahuvaamante mathilukal niranja samuchayam nirmmichu. kilke saxaayvamaanu sameepam oru pradhana shethravum charitraatheetha gadanakale bandhippikkunna oru jalasambaraniyum (pukkiyas) roadway nirmmichu. inkayaanu saxahuvaman vipuleekarichathu.
1535-ll spanish paryavekshakanaaya pisaro inca nagaratthinte bhooribhaagavum kollayadichu. incas kottaarathinteyum khurikaancha (sooryante kshethram), sooryante kanyakamaarude kshethram ennivayude avashishtangal ippozhum nilakollunnu. chila sandarbhangalil inca kettidangalum aditharakalum innathe peruvil nirmmicha aditharakalekkaal shakthamaayathaayi bhookambasamayathu thelinju. nagaratthile ettavum sradheyamaaya spanish colonial kettidangalil onnaanu saanto domingo cathedral.
pachakkutty shaityakaala bhavanamaaya maachu pichuvilekku kaalnadayaayi maachu pichuvilekko train vazhiyo athicheraavunna maachu pichuvum ollandaittaamboyile "kotta" yumaanu aduthulla pradhana inca sittukal.
sandarshikkaatha avashishtangalil iva ulppedunnu incassi, ellah inca saittukalilum ettavum uyarnnathu; spanish kusko pidichadakkiyathinu sheshamulla inkayude thalasthaanamaaya wilkabamba; rustta hispanayile shilpathottam (chukwip 'alta, urac rumi); vishalamaaya terresukalil pravartthikkunna jala chaanalukalulla tippon; athupole vilkkaarake, padallaktha, chukwik' iraavu, moreh, vitcos ennivayum mattu palathum.
vadanaay thaazhvarayil sthithi cheiyunna chuttumulla pradesham cholam, barley, kwinowa, theyila, kaappi ennivayulppedeyulla swarnna khananathilum krishiyilum shakthamaan.
2004ll peru thekke american kondinental socker chaambyanshippaaya copa americaykku aathidheyathvam vahichappol upayogicha ezhu stadiyangalil onnaanu kuskoyude pradhana stadiyamaaya estaadiyo garsilaso dii laa vega. raajyathe ettavum vijayakaramaya socker klabbukalilonnaaya "siensiano" yude aasthaanamaanu eee stadium.
alejandro velasco aastett anthaaraashtra vimaanathaavalamaanu nagarathinu sevanam nalkunnathu.
vasthuvidyaa paithrikam.
puraathanathayum praadhaanyavum kaaranam, colonial kaalathe niravadhi kettidangal, plaasakal, theruvukal, pallikal ennivayum columboic munbulla chila gadanakalum polum nagara kendram nilanirthunnu, ithu 1983 ll unesco loka paithruka sthalamaayi prakhyaapikkunnathilekk nayichu. nagaratthinte pradhana kaazhchakalil iva ulppedunnu
"barrio dii saan blass".
eee parisarathu karakaushalathozhilaalikal, silpashaalakal, karakaushala kadakal enniva sthithicheyyunnu. nagaratthile ettavum manoharamaaya sthalangalilonnaanithu. pradhana inca foundeshanukalkku mukalil spanish nirmmicha pazhaya veedukalaal kuthaneyullathum idungiyathumaaya theruvukalundu. 1563ll nirmmicha kuskoyile ettavum pazhaya edavaka pally aakarshakamaaya oru chathuravum kuskoyile colonial kaalaghattatthile thadippanikalude pratheekamaayi kanakkaakkappedunna kothiyeduttha thadi palpittum ivideyundu.
eee ayalpakkathinte kvechuva peru "thuk 'yukkachi" ennaanu, athaayath uppu thurakkuka ennaanu ardham.
hatun rumiyukh.
vinodasanchaarikal ettavumadhikam sandarshikkunna theruvaanith. theruvil hatun rumeok ("valia kallullavan") inca rokkayude kottaramaayirunnu, athu aarch bishappinte vasathiyayi parivartthanam cheythu.
plasa dii armas muthal barrio dii saan blass vare pookunna eee theruvil, purathana kallukalukalude athbhuthamaayi kanakkaakkappedunna panthrand konukalulla kallu kaanaan kazhiyum, ithu nagaratthinte charithratthinte pratheekamaayi mariyirikkunnu.
basilica dii laa mersed.
athinte adithara 1536 muthal aarambikkunnu. aadyathe samuchayam 1650 leeii bhookambathil nasippikkappettu. athinte punarnirmmaanam 1675 ll poortthiyaayi.
barok navothaana shailiyilulla athinte kothupanikal, gaayakasangha staalukal, colonial paintingukal, thadi kothupanikal enniva ippol oru janapriya myoosiyamaaya hailaittukalaanu.
bharavum uyaravumulla svarnnavum rathnakkallukalum kondu nirmmicha vipulamaaya oru bheemakaaramaaya roopavum ivide kaanam.
cathedral.
1539ll viraakocha inkayude kottaaratthinte aditharayil nirmmicha "igleshya dell triunfo" aanu kuskoyil nirmmicha aadyathe cathedral. innu, eee palli cathedralinte oru sahaaya chaappalaan.
nagaratthile pradhana basilica cathedral 1560 num 1664 num idayil nirmmichathaanu. upayogicha pradhana vasthukkal kallayirunnu, ithu aduthulla kwaarikalil ninnu verthiricheduthathaanegil chila chuvanna graanait blokkukal saxaayvamaan kottayil ninnu eduthathaanu.
eee mahathaaya cathedral avasana gothik, barok, platteresk inteeriyarukal avatharippikkunnu, koodaathe colonial svarnnanirmmaanathinte ettavum mikacha udaaharanangalilonnundu. athinte kothiyeduttha thadi baloonukalum pradhaanamaan.
kusko school" ennariyappedunna oru vyathirikthamaya chithrakalaareeti nagaram vikasippikkukayum akkaalathe praadeshika kalakaaranmaarude oru pradhana shekharam cathedralil sthaapikkukayum cheythu. yesuvineyum panthrand aposthalanmareyum chithreekarikkunna avasana athaazhathinte kusko school paintinginu cathedral ariyappedunnu, ithu parambaraagatha andean vibhavamaya ginia panniye virunnu.
cusco athiroopathayude aasthaanamaanu cathedral.
plasa dii armas dii kusko.
inca kaalaghattatthil "yodhaavinte chathuram" ennariyappettirunna eee plasa, kusko pidichadakkunnathil francisco pisaaroyude prakhyapanam polulla niravadhi pradhana sambhavangalude vediyaanu.athupole, cheruthunilppinte thaddesheeya nethaavaayi kanakkaakkappedunna tupac amaru randaamante maranatthinte vediyaayirunnu plasa dii armas.
spanish plaasaykk chuttum kallu aarkkedukal nirmmichu, athu innum nilanilkkunnu. pradhana cathedral laa compania pally plaasayilekku nerittu thurakkunnu.
plasa dii aarmaasile kaast irumbu jaladhara nirmmichathu jaines, beeb & qoo aanu.
"yeshuvinte samoohathinte sankeernnatha".
1576ll "amarukancha" allengil inca bharanadhikaariyaaya weina khapaakkinte kottaaratthinte aditharayil jesuitukal nirmmaanam aarambhicha eee palli (yeshuvinte samoohathinte palli) amerikkayile colonial barok shailiyude mikacha udaaharanangalilonnaayi kanakkaakkappedunnu.
athinte munbhagam kallil kothiyeduthirikkunnu, pradhana balipeetam swarnna ila kondu pothinja kothiya maram kondaanu nirmmichirikkunnathu. oru bhoogarbha chappalinu mukalilaanu ithu nirmmichirikkunnathu, koodaathe kusko skoolinte colonial paintingukalude vilapetta shekharavumundu.
khurikaanchayum saanto domingo konventum.
inca saamraajyathinte kaalath suryadevan (inthi) samarppichirunna ettavum pradhanappetta sankethamaayirunnu khurikaancha ("suvarnna sthalam"). garsilaso dii laa vega (charithrakaaran) ezhuthiya purathana charithrangal anusarichu, amoolyamaaya kallukal pathichathum inca sooryadevanaaya inthiye prathinidheekarikkunnathumaaya oru valia khara swarnna disk khurikaanchayil undayirunnathaayi parayappedunnu. spanish charitrakaaranmaar shethrathinu munnilulla vishudha udyaanathe swarnna elakal, velliyude thandukal, khara swarnna dhaanya-kobukal, 20 jeeva valippamulla lamakal, avayude idayanmaar ennivarellaam khara svarnnathil nirmmicha swarnna chedikalude poonthottamaayi visheshippikkunnu.
spanish adhiniveshakkaar eee kshethram nashippichu, avar kollayadikkumbol, nagaratthe athinte sambathil ninnum vigraharaadhakaril ninnum aaraadhanaalayangalil ninnum mochippikkaan theerumaanichu. ippol, oru valanja puram mathilum akathe kshethrathinte bhagika avashishtangalum maathrame eee sthalathu avasheshikkunnulloo.
eee ghadana oru aditharayaayi, kolanikkaar navothaana shailiyil saanto domingoyude konvent nirmmichu. oru barok gopuramulla eee kettidam eee nagaratthile mattu niravadhi kettidangalude uyarathe kaviyunnu.
ullil kusko schoolil ninnulla paintingukalude oru valia shekharamundu. 
myoosiyangal.
kuskoyil inipparayunna pradhana myoosiyangalund
pallikalil chila myoosiyangalum sthithicheyyunnu.
janasamkhya.
2013ll ekadesham 434,114 perum 2015ll 434,654 perumaanu nagaratthilullathennu inee parayunnu.
paachakareeti.
inca saamraajyathinte thalasthaanamenna nilayil kusko oru pradhana kaarshika mekhalayaayirunnu. janangal krishi cheiyunna ekadesham 3,000 inam urulakkizhangu ulppede aayirakkanakkin thaddesheeya peruvian enangalude prakrithidatha samrakshana kendramaayirunnu ithu. aadhunika saankethikavidyakal upayogichu paachakareeti thayyarakkukayum parambaraagatha andean, anthaaraashtra cheruvakalude samyojanam ulkkollukayum cheiyunna fusion neo-andean restorantukalum kuskoyil vikasippicheduthu.
eratta pattanangal-sahodari nagarangal.
kusko erattakalaana