
kizhakkan timorile manushyaavakashangal

ekadesham 11 laksham janasamkhyayulla oru multy party paarlamentari republicaanu eest timore, timore dweep indoneshyayile nusa tengara pravishyayumaayi pankidunnu. 24 varshathe indoneshyan adhiniveshathilum (1975 muthal) 1999 leeii swaathanthrya hitaparisodhanaykkum sesham indoneshyan anukoola milishyakal niravadhi manushyavakaasha lamghanangal nadatthi. 2002ll raajyam swaathanthryam nedukayum 2007ll swathanthravum neethiyukthavumaaya thiranjeduppu nadathukayum cheythu. kizhakkan timorile aikyaraashtrasabhayude samyojitha dauthyavum (anmitt) anthaaraashtra sthiratha sena rajyath nilanilkkumbol avar swantham suraksha senayaaya deseeya police (pntl), prathirodha seena (eph-fdtl) enniva vikasippikkunnu.
neethipoorvakamaaya vichaaranaykkulla avakaashathinte lamghanavum ekapaksheeyamaaya arasttil ninnulla swaathanthryavum ulppede poura, rashtreeya avakashangalumaayi bandhapetta niravadhi prashnangalund. vidyaabhyaasathinulla avakashavum kudumbajeevithatthinulla avakashavum polulla saambathikavum saamoohikavum saamskaarikavumaaya avakashangal nalkunnathum oru aashankayaan; sthreekaludeyum kuttikaludeyum avakaashangalodu bahumanam kuravaanu, gaarhika peedanavum laingikaathikramavum pradhana prasnangalaanu.
anthaaraashtra udambadikal.
eest timore 2002 ll ikyaraashtrasabhayil (yuu. enn) chernnu, onpathu pradhana manushyavakaasha udambadiyil ezhilum oru kakshiyaann ellaatharam vamseeya vivechanavum (aii. sii. aarr. dii) illaathaakkunnathinulla anthaaraashtra kanvenshan, poura, rashtreeya avakaashangalkkaayulla anthaaraashtra udambadi (aii. sii. sii. pii. aarr), saambathika, saamoohika, saamskaarika avakaashangalkkaayulla anthaaraashtra udambadi (aii. sii. sii. aarr), sthreekalkkethiraaya ellaatharam vivechanangalum illaathaakkunnathinulla kanvenshan (sedo), peedanatthinum mattu krooravum manushyathvarahithavum apamanakaravumaaya perumaattatthinum shikshaykkum (poocha) ethiraaya kanvenshan, ellah kudiyetta thozhilaallikaludeyum avarude kudumbatthile amgangaludeyum avakashangal samrakshikkunnathinulla anthaaraashtra kanvenshan (aii. sii. aarr. emm. dablyu). nirbandhitha thirodhaanathil ninnu ellah vyakthikaleyum samrakshikkunnathinulla anthaaraashtra kanvenshano (sii. iii. dii) allengil bhinnasheshikkaarude avakashangal sambandhicha kanvenshano (sii. aarr. pii. dii) athu amgeekarichittilla. athinte aadyathe saarvathrika aanukaalika avalokanam 2011 octoberil nadannu.
pouraavakaashangal, raashtreeyaavakaashangal ennivayekkurichulla anthaaraashtra udambadiyude aadya oopshanal protocol, pouraavakaashangal, raashtreeyaavakaashangal ennivayekkurichulla anthaaraashtra udambadiyude randaamathe oopshanal protocol, sayudha samghattanathil kuttikale ulppeduthunnathinulla oopshanal protocol, kuttikalude avakashangal sambandhicha kanvenshante kuttikalude vilppana, baala veshyaavrithi, baala ashleelasaahithyam ennivayekkurichulla oopshanal protocol enniva ulppede anthaaraashtra udambadikalkku eest timore oopshanal protocolukal amgeekarichu.
bharanaghadanaaparamaaya samrakshanangal.
2002ll nadappaakkiya bharanaghadana samagramaan, ennirunnaalum bharanaghadanayil vishadeekarichirikkunna avakashangal urappunalkunnuvennu parayunnathinu munbu kooduthal samvidaanangal sthaapikkendathundu, udaaharanathinu swakaarya swath, aarogyam, vidyaabhyaasam ennivaykkulla avakasham ippozhum palarkkum saakshaathkarikkappettil, koodaathe kelvikkum prathirodhatthinumulla avakasham, vivaahathinulla soujanya sammatham, othucheraanulla swaathanthryam enniva kaaryakshamamaayi nalkunnilla.
neethiyude parajayangal.
raajyathe kaaryakshamamallatha niyama samvidaanam manushyavakaasha aashankakal uyarthiyittundu. 2010ll, nyayamaaya vichaaranayude abhavam, police amithamaya balaprayogam, munkaala manushyavakaasha lamghanangalkku vyapakamaaya shikshavidhi thudangiya prasnangal raajyathundennu report cheyyappettu.
judicial samvidaanathinu jeevanakkaarudeyum vibhavangaludeyum abhavam anubhavappedunnu, athinaal niyamam ekapaksheeyamaaya arasttum thadankalum nirodhikkunnundenkilum, jadjimar labhyamallathathinaal thadankal sambhavichekkaam, koodaathe aalukale vichaaranayil kelkkunnathuvare neenda kaalathaamasamund. tettavum porchugees kizhakkan thimorinte audyogika bhaashakalaanenkilum, janasamkhyayil bhooribhaagavum samsaarikkaatha pradhana niyama bhasha porchugeesaanu ennathinaal kaaryamaaya manassilakkal budhimuttukalum undu.
mardhikkal, amithamaya balaprayogam, bheeshanippeduthal, thokkin munayil bheeshanippeduthal thudangiya cruramo apamaanakaramo aaya perumaattatthiloode police prathirodha sena saadhaaranakkaarude avakashangal lamghikkunnathaayum reportukalundu. jayil gaardukal thadavukaarodu moshamaayi perumaariyenna aaropanavum uyarnnittund.
police prathirodha sena thammilulla poraattam 2006ll akramasakthamaaya kalaapathilekku nayichu, ithu siviliyanmaare kudiyozhippikkunnathinum maranathinum kaaranamaayi. koodaathe, 2008-ll milittari poleesinte commander alfredo reenado pradhaanamanthrikkum presidentinum nere sayudha aakramanathinu neethrthwam nalkukayum athu adiyantharaavastha prakhyaapikkunnathilekk nayikkukayum akramavum manushyavakaasha lamghanangalum thadayunnathinaayi oru samyuktha command srishtikkendathu aavashyamaayi varikayum cheythu. ennirunnaalum, 2006leeii kalaapathin utharavaadikalaayavarude shiksha rashtrapathy ganyamaayi kuraykkukayum 2008leeii akramatthil ulppettavarkk mapp nalkukayum cheythu, ithu shikshavidhi sambandhicha oru dhaarana srishtikkukayum thudarnnulla parisodhana prakriya munkaala manushyavakaasha lamghanangalkku oru pirichuvidalinum kaaranamayilla. police sainyavum manushyavakaasha lamghanangal nadathiyenna aaropanam thudarnnum uyarnnuvarikayaanenkilum pariseelana paripaadikal chila mechappeduthalukalkku kaaranamaayittund.
koodaathe, adhinivesha samayat nadanna kuttakrithyangalkkulla criminal prosecutionukalil shradha kendreekarikkunnathinum indoneshyayumaayi anurajanam pinthudarnnu. kizhakkan timorile sweekaranam, sathyam, anurajanam ("communism dii acolimento, verdade iii resiliationo"), sathyavum sauhrudavum sambandhicha kammeeshan enniva niyamavirudhamaaya kolapathakangal, nirbandhitha thirodhanam, laingika athikramam, peedanam, yudhakkuttangal ennivayulppedeyulla kuttangalkk prosecution thedunnathinupakaram sathyam munnil konduvannu. ennirunnaalum, tribunal sthaapikkaathirikkaanulla oru ozhikazhivaayi neethiyekkurichulla thante sarkkaarinte nilapad upayogichathinu "kaapatyam" kaanikkunnuvenn jose ramos-horta aaropichu. 1999ll nadanna lamghanangalekkurichu gurutharamaaya kuttakrithya anweshana samgham anweshanam thudarukayaanu.
abhipraaya swaathanthryam.
kizhakkan thimoril abhipraaya swaathanthryavum maadyama swaathanthryavum niyamathaal samrakshikkappedunnu, ithu pothuve sarkkar manikkunnu. televisionukalilekkum radiokalilekkum parimithamaaya praveshanamundengilum pradhaanamaayum televisioniloodeyum radioyiloodeyum pravartthikkunna oru sajeeva swatantra maadyamavumundu, koodaathe sweekarana prasnangal dilikkum jilla thalasthaanagalkkum purathulla prakshepanatthe parimithappedutthunnu.
othucheraanulla swaathanthryam.
eathenkilum prakadanangalkko panimudakkukalkko munbu poleesinu naalu divasathe notice nalkanamennum sarkkar kettidangalkko nayatantra soukaryangalkko 100 yardinullil prakadanangal nirodhikkanamennum kizhakkan timore niyamam aavashyappedunnu. ennirunnaalum, praayogikamaayi vipulamaaya ariyippukalillaathe prakadanangal anuvadikkunnu, koodaathe 100 yard niyanthranam apoorvvamaayi maathrame nadappaakkaarulloo.
rashtreeya pankaalittham.
bharanaghadanaaparamaaya pashchaathalam.
pothukaaryangalil pankedukkaanulla avakashangal, swathanthravum saarvathrikavumaaya vottavakaasham, pothumekhalayile pothusevana rolukalilekku pothuve thulyamaaya praveshanam enniva urappunalkunna poura, rashtreeya avakaashangalekkurichulla anthaaraashtra udambadiyude article 25 ll rashtreeya pankaalithatthinulla avakashangal prasthaavichittundu.
eee avakashangal kaalakramena valia thothil uyarthippidikkappedunna. oro pouranum rashtreeya jeevithathilum raajyathe pothukaaryangalilum pankedukkaan avakaashamund"; "oro pouranum rashtreeya partykal sthaapikkaanum athil pankedukkaanum avakaashamund"; "atharam paarttikalude sthaapanavum samghadanayum niyamaprakaaram niyanthrikkappedum" ennu timore-lestte bharanaghadanayude 46-aamm vakupp prasthaavikkunnu."pathinezh vayassinu mukalilulla oro pouranum vottavakaashavum thiranjedukkappedaanulla avakashavum 47-aamm vakupp urappunalkunnu. koodaathe, "paraathikalum paraathikalum avakaashavaadangalum" adhikaarikalkk samarppikkanulla pouranmaarude avakasham sekshan 48 urappunalkunnu.
2017leeii thiranjeduppil 21 paarttikalaan malsarichathu. 2012leeii 74 shathamaanavumaayi thaarathamyam cheyyumbol 77 sathamaanavum 2007leeii 80 sathamaanavum themoriesile vottukalulla polling uyarnnathaayirunnu. party-listt aanupathika praathinidhya samvidaanathilaanu thiranjeduppu nadakkunnathu, athil watermar vyakthigatha sthaanaarthikale thiranjedukkunnathinekkaal paarttikale thiranjedukkunnu, ithu party nethaakkalkku ganyamaaya adikaaram nalkunna oru samvidaanamaanu. thiranjeduppu paridhi 4 sathamaanamaanu, athaayath paarlamentil praveshikkaan rashtreeya partykalkku kuranjathu 4 sathamaanam vottu aavasyamaanu. ithu chila cheria kakshikalude adhikaarathe parimithappedutthunnu.
eee samvidaanam sthree pankaalitthatthe pinthunaykkunnu, oru party sthaanaarthikalil moonnilonnu sthreekalaayirikkanam, athinte falamaayi eshya pasaphik mekhalayil (2017 leeii thiranjeduppinu munbu 38 sathamaanam) vanita empimaarude ettavum uyarnna sathamaanangalilonnaanu timore-lestte. ennirunnaalum, sthreekalude ardhavathaaya pankaalittham chilappol parambaraagatha manobhaavangalum steeriodaippukalum, prathyekichu praadeshika, praadeshika rolukalil parimithappedutthunnu.
raajyathe eathaanum vamseeya nyoonapaksha grouppukalude pankaalitthatthinu niyamaparamaaya niyantranangalonnumilla, avar rashtreeya samvidaanavumaayi nannayi samyojippichathayi thonnunnu, ennirunnaalum vamseeya nyoonapakshangal vahikkunna motham sthaanangal anishchithathvathilaanu, kaaranam vamsheeyathaye svayam thirichariyunnathu oru asaadhaarana sanbradaayamaanu.
saambathika shaasthranjante intelligence yoonittinte democracy soochika 2008num 2016num idayil poornnamaayum svechaadhipathya bharanathe soochippikkunna 0umm thikanja janaadhipathyathe soochippikkunna 10umm enna thothil kizhakkan timorine sthiramaayi 7.22-7.24-num idayil vilayiruthunnu. eee rating thekkan pasafikkile ettavum uyarnnathaan, ithu america (7.98), france (7.92) thudangiya pradhana janaadhipathya rajyangalumaayi aduthaanu.
parimithikal.
bhoomishaasthraparamaaya parimithikalum mosham rooad adisthaana soukaryangalum kaaranam raajyathinte pala pradeshangalilum athicheraan prayasamullathinaal, kooduthal vidoora pradeshangalile thiranjeduppukalil pankedukkaanulla kazhivine baadikkunnathinaal, kaalakramena rashtreeya pankaalithatthinulla parimithikal erekkure praayogikamaanu. mikacha dhanasahayamulla cnrt, frettilin ennivarkku avarude anuyaayikale polling steshanukalilekku kondupokaan kooduthal kazhiyumennathinaal ithu chila mekhalakalil malsarikkaanulla cheria paarttikalude kazhivine parimithappedutthi.
thudarchayaaya aabhyanthara velluvilikale neridunnathil purogathiyude aapekshika abhavavum svayambharanavum swaashrayathvavum prolsaahippikkunnathi vikendreekaranathinte abhavavum kaaranam rashtreeya pankaalittham kurayaanulla apakadasaadhyathayum undu, ennirunnaalum ithu ithuvare valia swaadheenam cheluthiyittilla.
valia rashtreeya sakhyangalude kanvenshan timore-lestteyude janaadhipathyathinte aarogyathinu saadhyathayulla apakadamaayi thiricharinjittundu. 2012 muthal sarkkaarile rund valia partykal (cnrt, frettilin) oru 'mahaa sakhya' thilaanennu doow. maikkal leach nireekshikkunnu, kararinu munbu iru kakshikalum thammil kadutha samgharshangal undayirunnathinaal ithu sradheyamaaya oru sambhavavikaasamaan. muun varshangalile asthirathaykkum akramathinum sesham sthiratha kaivarikkanulla timori raashtreeyakkaarude sakthamaaya aagrahathinte falamaanu sakhyangalodulla eee sameepakaala pravanathayennu addeham abhipraayappedunnu, ennirunnaalum atharam sakhyangal sarkkaarin purathulla oru pradhana prathipakshatthinte abhavam kaaranam sarkkaarinte utharavaadithathe durbalappeduthumennum addeham nireekshikkunnu. 2015ll francisco guterresine (frettilin sthaanaarthi) addehathinte muun ethiraaliyaaya pradhaanamantri sanana gusmo amgeekarikkukayum 60 sathamaanathiladhikam vottukal nedi vijayikkukayum cheythu, ithu kaanikkunnath votermaaril valiyoru vibhaagam nilavil adhikara pankidal krameekaranatthe eshtappedunnuvennu kaanikkunnu.
sarkkar rolukalkkullile thalamurakalude vibhajanam adutha kurachu varshangalil oru pradhana velluvili uyarthiyekkaam. pradhaanamantri, cheef justice thudangiya padavikal yuvathalamura vahikkumbol, "1975 thalamurayile" muun sainikar thirasseelaykku pinnil bhooribhaagam adikaaravum nilanirthukayum rashtreeya samoohathe swaadheenikkaan pilkkala thalamurakalude falaprapti parimithappedutthukayum cheiyunnuvennu thonnunnu. swaathanthryasamarathekku parichayamillaattha thalamurakalil ninnulla vottarmaarude valiyoru anupatham varunnathinaal bhaaviyile thiranjeduppukalil ithu kramena maarumennu leach pravachikkunnu.
avakashangal prolsaahippikkunnathum uyarthippidikkunnathil timories judeeshyariyude aapekshikamaya falaprapti niravadhi pouranmaarilekkum pourasamoohathilekkum avarude avakashangal saakshaathkarikkunnathinu mattu reethikal thedunnathilekku nayichu, phalangal nedunnathile falaprapti kaaranam rashtreeya pankaalittham kooduthal saadhaaranamaayitheernniriknu, ennirunnaalum ithu bandhapetta raashtreeyakkaarude mungananakale aasrayichirikkunnu.
bhoomiyude avakashangal.
bharanaghadanaaparamaaya pashchaathalam.
nilavil bhoomiyude prasnangal timore-lestteyude deseeya manushyavakaasha sthaapanamaaya pii. dii. jeey. echu.-nuu paraathikalude moonnaamathe valia uravidamaanu. 2017 juun 1 vare atharam prasnangal niyanthrikkunnathin vipulamaaya bhoomi niyamangalonnum undaayirunnilla. timore-lestte bharanaghadanayude article 54 swakaarya swathinaayulla avakasham urappunalkunnu. swakaarya swath athinte saamoohika uddeshyathinu haanikaramaayi upayogikkaruthennum deseeya pouranmaarkku maathrame bhoomiyude udamasthaavakaasham labhikkoo ennum athil parayunnu.
koodaathe "pothu aavasyangalkkaayi swath aavasyappedunnathum pidichedukkunnathum maathrame nadakkukayulloo.
niyamaprakaaram nyayamaaya nashtapariharam nalkuka. ennirunnaalum, praayogikamaayi, eee samrakshanangal ellaayppozhum nadappaakkappettitla. bhoomiyodulla oru prathyeka avakasham anthaaraashtra niyamathil crodicaricappettillettim, ulppettirikkunna prasnangal niravadhi avakaashangalkk aruthivaruthunnu. kaalakramena ivayil vivechanam, sthreekalude avakashangal, bhavanathinulla avakashangal, jolie cheyyaanulla avakasham (krishiye valareyadhikam aashrayikkunnath kaaranam) enniva ulppedunnu.
nilavile prasnangal.
swaathanthryaanantharam porchugeesukaarudeyum indoneshyakkaarudeyum adhiniveshangalude paarambaryatthaal bhoomi prasnangal sankeernamaanu. rund bharanakaalathum, bhoomi athinte parambaraagatha udamakalil ninnu balamaayi pidichedukkukayum vishwastharude kaikalilekku ekeekarikkukayum cheythu, ithu ganyamaaya vamseeya, praadeshika vibhajanagal srishtichu. 1999ll indoneshyan sainyam rajyath ninnu pinmaariyappol, sainyavum anubandha milishya grouppukalum nilavilulla 70 sathamaanam gadanakalum nasippikkukayum raajyathe bhoomi rekhakal avarodoppam kondupookukayum cheythu, ithu palarum thamasikkunna bhoomiyude avakaashamillaatha oru saahacharyathin kaaranamaayi. akramatthinte falamaayi uyarnna thothilulla janasamkhyayude sthaanachalanangal karyangal kooduthal sankeernamaakkunnu. 2016leeii oru sarveyil diliyile 87 sathamaanam nivaasikalum thangal thamasikkunna bhoomiyude udamakalaayi svayam kanakkakkunnuvennu kandethiyappol, prathikarichavaril pakuthiyiladhikam perr maathramaan thangalkk athinu niyamaparamaaya avakaashamundenn paranjathu. niyamaparamaaya amgeekaaramillaatha parambaraagathavum anoupachaarikavumaaya samvidaanangaliloode maathram bhoomi kaivashamulla graamapradesangalil prashnam kooduthal gurutharamaan. vibhavangalum jeevanakkaarude parimithikalum kodathikalil ganyamaaya backlogginu kaaranamaayi, ithu niyamaparamaaya prathividhi thedunnathu budhimuttaakkukayum kudiyozhippikkal nadathunnathil suraksha sevanangalil ninnu durupayogam cheyyappetta kesukal report cheyyappedukayum cheythu. eee sarway prakaram, uyarnna thothilulla udamasthaavakaasham undaayirunnittum, dilliyile bhooribhaagam veedukalum anchu varshathinullil avare purathaakkumennu bhayappedunnu.
vikasana padhathikalkkaayi, prathyekichu oykas, suya jillakalil, sarkkar bhoomi ettedukkaline enn. jii. oo. kall rookshamaayi vimarsichittundu, prathyekichu niravadhi swakaarya avakaashavaadangal avaganichathinum udamasthaavakaasham vyakthamallaatha bhoomiyil ninnu thaamasakkaare ozhippichathinum. 2017leeii niyamathinu munbu, adhiniveshakkaaran avakaashamillaatha kandukettapetta bhoomikk sarkkar nayam nashtapariharam nalkiyirunnilla. eee nayam ellaayppozhum praayogikamaayi nilanirtthiyillenkilum, nashtapariharam oru saahacharyathilum asthiramaanu, koodaathe chila suvaay samudaayangal sarkkar nalkunna badal bhavanangal avarude aavasyangal niravettunnillennum athinte falamaayundaaya sthalammaattangal avarude jeevithatheyum saamskaarika achaarangaleyum ganyamaayi maattimarichuvennum paraathipettittund.
eee sanbradaayangal saambathika, saamoohika, saamskaarika avakashangal sambandhicha anthaaraashtra udambadiyum poura, rashtreeya avakashangal sambandhicha anthaaraashtra udambadiyum prakaram timore lestteyude baadyathakal lamghikkaan saadhyathayund, iva randum athu amgeekarichittundu. iccrinte article 11.1 prasthaavikkunnath "bhakshanam, paarppidam, vellam ennivayulppede tanikkum thante kudumbatthinum mathiyaya jeevithanilavaram pularthaan ellaavarkkum avakaashamund", athesamayam iccpaarinte article 17.1 prasthaavikkunnath "svakaaryatha, kudumbam, veedu, kathidapaadukal ennivayil ekapaksheeyamo niyamaviruddhamo aaya edapedalinu vidheyaraakaathirikkaan ellaavarkkum avakaashamund" ennaanu. ennirunnaalum, yuu.ezz. timori sarkkar saadhaaranayaayi manushyaavakaashangalekkaal deseeya praadhaanyamulla kaaryangalkk munganana nalkaan eshtappedunnuvennum durupayogathil earppettirikkunnavere prosecute cheyyaan chila nadapadikal sweekarichittundengilum, shikshavidhi sambandhicha pothujana daaranakal nilanilkkunnuvennum stettu department abhipraayappedunnu.
timore lestteyude 2016 leeii saarvathrika aanukaalika avalokanathil bhoomi prashnangalekkurichu mattu rajyangalil ninnulla naalu shupaarshakal undaayirunnu. linga vivechanavum bhoomi udamasthaavakaashathinaayulla sthreekalude avakashangalum illaathaakkunnathinulla nadapadikal kaikkollunnathin moonnu shupaarshakal undaayirunnu, athesamayam bhoomi ulppedeyulla manushyaavakashangal samrakshikkunnathinulla niyamangal poortthiyaakkaan indoneshya shupaarsha cheythu. timore-lestte moonnu shupaarshakal amgeekarikkukayum niyamanirmmaanathil ninnu vivechanaparamaaya vyavasthakal neekkam cheiyunnathinulla kaanadayude shupaarsha shradhikkukayum cheythu.
parishkaarangal.
parishkaranatthinte aavasyakatha timori sarkkar amgeekarichittundu. saarvathrika aanukaalika avalokanathinte bhaagamaayi 2016 leeii reportil, bharanaghadanayude article 54.1 ll swathavakaasham ulppeduthiyittunde athu amgeekarichu. koodaathe, eee avakashangal samrakshikkunnathinaayi oru bhoomi niyama paakkejinte vikasanam thudaraanum bhoomi ettedukkalinu uchithamaaya nashtapariharam nalkunnathinaayi oru riyal estettu fund srishtikkaanum sarkkar uddeshyam sthireekarichu.
2017 februvari 6 nuu timore-lestteyude deseeya paarlament 'sthira swathinte udamasthaavakaashathinaayulla prathyeka bharanam' ekakandamaayi amgeekarichu, ithu saadhaaranayaayi 'bhoomi niyamam' ennariyappedunnu, ithu 2017 juun 1 nuu audyogikamaayi nadappaakki. niyamatthinte uddeshyam "timore-lestteyude bharanaghadanayil nalkiyittulla swakaarya swathavakaashathinte vividha manangal praabalyatthil konduvannu bhoomi udamasthaavakaashathinte niyamaparamaaya padavi vyakthamaakkuka ennathaanu". udamasthaavakaasha tharkkangal pariharikkunnathinulla maanadandangalum ithu nalkunnu, koodaathe swathavakaashangal kaikaaryam cheiyunnathinaayi oru deseeya bhoomi registry srishtikkum. 2017 septambar vareyulla kanakkukal prakaram eee lakshyangal kaivarikkunnathil niyamatthinte falapraapthiyekkurichu valia reportukalonnum labhichitilla.
sthreekalude avakashangal.
bharanaghadana samathvam urappunalkunnundengilum kizhakkan thimoril sthreekalkku purushanmaarekkaal kuranja padavi undennu palappozhum kanakkaakkappedunnu. kolonistukal enna nilayil porchugal indoneshya sthreekale paarshwavalkkarikkukayum parambaraagatha purushaadhipathya saamoohika gadanakal srishtikkukayum paripalikkukayum cheythu. penkuttikale kurachu varshangalkk maathrame schoolil ayaykkaarullu, penkuttikale chilappol krameekaricha vivaahangalkk nirbandhikkunnu. koodaathe, chila pradeshangalil bharanaghadana urappunalkiyittundengi, paarambaryaparamaayi sthreekalkku swath avakaashappeduthunnathil ninno svanthamaakkunnathil ninno thadayunnu.
laingikavum garhikavumaaya athikramangalum raajyathe pradhana manushyavakaasha prasnangalilonnaanu. laingika athikrama aropanangal sweekarikkunnathinum anweshikkunnathinum pii. enn. tii. ellinullile durbala vyakthiyude yoonit utharavaadiyaanu, ennirunnaalum vibhavangaludeyum sthaapana pinthunayudeyum abhavam kaaranam anweshanangal palappozhum vaikunnu, koodaathe kesukal palappozhum parambaraagatha tarkka parihara samvidaanangaliloode pariharikkappedunnu, avaa poornna pariharam nalkunnilla erakalkku. sarkkarinum ikyaraashtrasabhaykkum sarkkarithara samghadanakalkkum (enn. jii. oo.) vendi thudarchayaaya sramangal chila mechappeduthalukalkku kaaranamaayi, gaarhika peedanatthinethire aduthide avatharippicha niyamam gaarhika peedanathodulla sarkkarinum poleesinum samoohathinum prathikaranangalkkayi oru chattakkood nalki sahaayikkanam.
kuttikalude avakashangal.
kuttikale durupayogam cheyyal, vidyaabhyaasathinte abhavam, uyarnna thothilulla poshakaahaarakkurav ennivayumaayi bandhapetta pradhana prashnangalund. shaareerikavum maanasikavumaya durupayogavum laingika athikramavum ulppedeyulla kuttikale durupayogam cheiyunnathu kizhakkan timorile gurutharamaaya prasnamaanu. koodaathe, schoolilum veettilum kuttikale achadakkam padippikkaan shaareerika shiksha ippozhum upayogikkunnu. kuttikalkkethiraya akrama sambhavangalil bhooribhaagavum aupachaarikamaayi report cheyyappedunnilla, koodaathe mathiyaya judicial pariharangalumilla. praayapoorthiyaakaathavare vaanijyaparamaayi laingikamaayi chooshanam cheiyunnathinekkurichum reportukal undaayittund, koodaathe balavela vyaapakamaanu. koodaathe, chila sandarbhangalil, kadangal theerppaakkunnathinaayi maathaapithaakkal avarude kuttikalkk karar nalkiyittundu.
praadhamika vidyaabhyaasam nirbandhamaanennu bharanaghadana prasthaavikkunnundeng, minimum vidyaabhyaasa nilavaaram sthaapikkunna niyamanirmmaanamo soujanya vidyaabhyaasam urappaakkunna oru samvidaanamo illa. 2009leeii yuu. ennil ninnulla sthithivivarakkanakkukal kaanikkunnath raajyathudaneelam praadhamika school praayathilulla kuttikalil ekadesham 20 sathamaanam perum schoolil chernnitillennum graamapradesangalil athilum uyarnna thothilullavarkku praveshanam labhichittillennum aanu.
uyarnna thothilulla poshakaahaarakkuravum sisumarananirakkum undennathinaal unicephinoppam chernnu "deseeya poshakaahaara thanthrathiloode" kuraykkunnathinu sarkkar pravartthikkunnu. kuttikalude avakashangal prolsaahippikkunnathum samrakshikkunnathinum nireekshikkunnathinum nirbandhithamaaya puthuthayi sthaapithamaaya eest timore deseeya balavakasha kammeeshan sthithigathikal mechappeduthumennu prathekshikkunnu.
deseeya manushyavakaasha sthaapanangal.
2005 juunil sthaapithamaayathumuthal avakashangal prolsaahippikkunnathum samrakshikkunnathilum pradhana punk vahicha "provider dii diaretos humanos iii justisa" (manushyaavakaashangaludeyum neethiyudeyum prasadhakam [pii. dii. echu. jeey]) aanu deseeya manushyavakaasha sthaapanam. manushyavakaasha lamghanangal, mosham bharanam, azhimathi ennivayekkurichulla paraathikal anweshikkuka, nireekshanam, vaadikkal, prachaarana pravartthanangal enniva nadatthuka ennivayaanu athinte utharavu. ennirunnaalum, nilavil jillakalil ninnulla parathikkaar paraathikal nalkaan dilliyilekku pokendathinaal eee pradeshangalil oru pii. dii. echu. jeey saannidhyam aavasyamaanu, angane prakriya thadassappeduthunnu. protevoria" ithuvare sthaapikkappedaatha jillakalil, enn. jii. oo amgangal palappozhum avakashangal nireekshikkunna punk nirvahikkunnu.

