eiii. tii & tii korppareshan

eiii. tii. aandu tii korppareshan ("eiii. tii. aandu tii" ennathu athinte munnamamaaya american telephone aandu telegraph kambaniyude churukkapperaan) eiii. tii. aandu tii. incorporationte anubandha sthaapanamaanu. ithu bisinasukalkkum upabhokthakkalkkum sarkkar ejansikalkkum voys, viidiyoo, daatta, internettu telecommunication, professional sevanangal enniva nalkunnu.
bell sisttathinte neenda charithratthil, eiii. tii. aandu tii chila samayangalil lokathile ettavum valia telephone kambaniyum lokathile ettavum valia cable television oopparettarum niyantritha kuthakayum aayirunnu. aayirunnu 1950kalilum athinte ettavum uyarnna nilayil, oru dasalaksham aalukalkk jolie nalkukayum athinte varumanam 1950ll 3 bilyan dollarinum (innathe adisthaanathil) 1966ll 12 bilyan dollarinum (innathe adisthaanathil) idayilaavukayum cheythu.
2005ll bebi belum muun subsidiary ezz. bii. sii communication 16 bilyan dollariladhikam (innathe adisthaanathil) nalki eiii. tii. aandu. tiye vaangi. ezz. bii. sii pinneedu athinte peru eiii. tii. aandu tii. ink ennu maatti. innu, eiii. tii. aandu tii korppareshan eiii. tii. aandu tii. incorporationte deerghadoora anubandha sthaapanamaayi thudarunnu., athinte peru idaykkide eiii. tii. aandu. tii pathrakkurippukalil prathyakshappedunnu.
charithram.
uthbhavam.
telephone samvidaanam kandupidichathinushesham alexander graham bellinte pettant avakashangal samrakshikkunnathinaayi 1874 ll sthaapithamaaya niyamaparamaaya sthaapanamaaya bell pettant associationil ninnaan eiii. tii. aandu. tii aarambhichath. yadhaarthathil oru vaakkalulla kararaya ithu 1875-ll bell telephone kambaniyaayi rekhaamoolam aupachaarikamaakki.
1880-ll american bellinte maanejment aandu tii neelamulla lainukalaayi maarunnath srishtichu. vaanijyaparamaayi labhakaramaaya chelavu gadanayulla raajyavyaapakamaayi deerghadoora shringhala srishtikkunna itharathilulla aadya padhathiyaanithu. 1885 march 3 nuu american telephone aandu telegraph kambani enna peril oru prathyeka kambaniyaayi eee padhathi newyorkkil aupachaarikamaayi samyojippikkappettu. newyork nagaratthil ninnu uthbhavicha athinte deerghadoora telephone shringhala 1892 ll illinoyisile chikkaagoyil ethi, athinte niravadhi praadeshika ekschenchukal varsham thorum thudarnnu, oduvil oru bhookhandathiludaneelamulla telephone samvidaanam srishtichu. 1899 desember 30 nuu american bellinte asthikal athinte anubandha american telephone aandu telegraph kambaniyilekku (munbu "attu & tii long lineukal") maatti; masaachyusets korpparettu niyamangal valare niyanthrithavum patthu dasalaksham dollarayi parimithappedutthiya mooladhanavum american bellinte kooduthal valarchaye thadasappeduthunnathaayirunnu ithinu kaaranam. pathonpathaam noottaandinte avasaanathil eee swathukkal kaimaattam cheythathode, eiii. tii. aandu tii american bellinteyum bell systethinteyum rakshakarthavaayi maari.
eiii. tii. aandu tii pradhaanamaayum telephone bisinessil earppettirunnu, aarr. sii. eiii. yumayi pankaaliyaayirunnenkilum, atharam valarcha wired sevanangalude aavasyam kurachekkaamennathinaal radio valarunnathu kaanaan vimukhatha kaanichu. toll steshan ennu vilikkappedunna steshan weef newyorkkil sthaapichu. eiii. tii. aandu tick oru paripadiyum nalkaan kazhinjilla, ennaal oru sandesham prakshepanam cheyyaan aagrahikkunna arcum eiii. tii. aandu tii. kku "toll" nalkukayum thudarnnu sandesham parasyamaayi sampreshanam cheyyukayum cheyyaam. oru telephone boothinte valippamaayirunnu yadhaartha studiyo. ennirunnaalum, aarenkilum kelkkunnundennu urappaanengil maathrame aalukal sandeshangal prakshepanam cheyyaan panam nalkoo ennathinaal eee ashayam pidichilla. thalphalamaayi, weef vinoda saamagrikal prakshepanam cheyyaan thudangi, athinte jeevanakkarkkidayil kaanapedunna amachwar prathibhakale aakarshichu. radioyilekkulla eiii. tii. aandu. tiyude vipuleekaranathinethireyum prakshepanatthinaayi deerghadoora lineukal paattatthinu nalkunnathinulla deseeya prakshepana kambaniyumaayulla kararinum ethirppu, steshanum athinte anubandha shringalakalum enn. bii. sii. kku wilkan kaaranamaayi.
kuthaka.
irupathaam noottaandinte bhooribhaagavum, bell sisttam enna kambanikalude shringalayiloode americayileyum canadayileyum phoon sevanathil eiii. tii. aandu tii kuthaka kaivashappedutthi. eee samayat kambanikku maa bell ennu vilipperundaayirunnu.
1907 epril 30 nuu theodor nyoottan weyl eiii. tii. aandu tii. yude presidentaayi. oru phoon samvidaanathinte shreshtathayil vishwasichirunna weyl, "oru nayam, oru samvidaanam, saarvathrika sevanam" enna mudraavaakyam sweekarichu."adutha 70 varshathekku kambaniyude thathwashaasthram ithaayirikkum.
vestten union telegraph ulppede niravadhi cheria telephone kambanikale eiii. tii. aandu tii vaangaan thudangi. eee nadapadikal vishwaasa virudha niyanthranakkaaril ninnu anaavashya shradha nedi. sarkkar vishvaasavirudha vyavaharangalil ninnulla nadapadi ozhivakkaan aakaamkshayode, eiii. tii. & tiyum federal sarkkarum kingsbury prathibaddhatha ennariyappedunna oru karaaril earppettu. kingsbury prathibaddhathayil, aandu tiyum sarkkarum oru karaarilethi, athu aandu tiye oru telephone kuthakayaayi thudaraan anuvadichu, vestten unionile thalpparyam vichedikkunnathu ulppede chila vyavasthakalkku vidheyamaayi. idaykkide eiii. tii. aandu tii regulatormaaril ninnu parisodhana neridendi vannappol, 1984 ll kambani thakarunnathuvare eee avastha thudarnnu.
verpiriyal.
yunaittad stetts justice department yunaittad stetts vii. cases thurannu. 1974ll eiii. tii. aandu tii. thangalude paashchaathya electric subsidiaryil ninnulla kuthaka labham netvarkkinte vilaykk subsidy nalkaan upayogikkunnu enna samshayam ithu prerippichu, ithu vishwaasa virudha niyamatthinte lamghanamaanu. 1982ll eee kesinte oru othutheerppinu anthimaroopam nalkukayum 1984 januvari januvari kambani bebi bells ennariyappedunna ezhu praadeshika bell operating kambanikalaayi vibhajikkappedukayum cheythu. eee kambanikal ivayaayirunnu
verpiriyalinu sesham, muun maathru kambaniyude pradhana bisinesses ippol & tii communications inkorpparettilaayirunnu.deerghadoora sevanangalilum mattu arbosi ithara pravarthanangalilum shradha kendreekarichu.
1991ll ncr korppareshan etteduthu 1995ll eiii. tii. aandu tii moonnu kambanikalaayi vibhajikkumennu prakhyaapichu oru nirmmaana/gaveshana-vikasana kambani, oru computer kambani, oru sevana kambani. 1997 oode ncr, bell laabukal, eiii. tii. aandu tii saankethikavidyakal enniva vichedikkendathaayirunnu. athinte spin-oof thayyaareduppinaayi eiii. tii. aandu tii saankethikavidyakale lucent teknolajikal ennu punarnaamakaranam cheythu. 1996ll eiii. tii. & tiyil ninnu lucent poornnamaayum verpeduthi.
ezz. bii. sii ettedukkal.
2005 januvari januvari, "bebi bell" kambaniyaaya ezz. bii. sii communications aandu tii korppil "maa bell" swanthamaakkaanulla padhathikal prakhyaapichu. 16 bilyan dollar. ezz. bii. sii 2005 octoberil "ezz. bii. sii" brand upekshikkumennum pazhaya eiii. tii. tii. yude "tii" naise ticker chinnathodoppam eiii. tii. tii. brand kooduthal thirichariyaavunna reethiyil sweekarikkumennum prakhyaapichu.
layana anumathi 2005 november 18 nuu avasaanichu; ezz. bii. sii communications adutha thinkalaazhcha, november 21 nuu "puthiya eiii. tii & tii" ennu rebrand cheyyaan thudangi, desember 1 nuu "tii" chinnathinu keezhil vyapaaram aarambhichu. innathe eiii. tii & tii ink. & T korppilulla avakaashavaadangal.'ezz. bii. siyude swantham charithramaanenkilum 2005-nuu munbulla stokku vila charithravum korpparettu ghadanayum nilanirthunnu. koodaathe, 2005 nuu munbulla ellah second filingukalum ezz. bii. sick keezhilaanu, eiii. tii. tick keezhilalla.
eiii. tii & tii aasthaana kettidangal.
1885 muthal 1910 vare bosttanile 125 milk streetilaanu eiii. tii. aandu tii aasthaanam. athinte vipuleekaranathode athu newyork nagaratthilekku, 195 broadwayile (ippol loka vyapara kendramaaya sthalathinu sameepam) aasthaanathekku maari. eee swath yadhaarthathil vestten unionilethaanu, athil 1913 vare kingsbury prathibaddhathayude bhaagamaayi aandu tii athinte thalpparyam vittutheerkkunnathuvare aandu tii oru niyantritha thalpparyam nilanirtthi. nilavile kettidatthinte nirmmaanam 1912 ll aarambhichu. newyorkkile taaritouninu vadakkulla rockfeller maalikayaaya kaikuyitt roopakalppana cheiyunnathil nirnaayaka punk vahicha vilyam wells bosworth roopakalppana cheytha ithu greak shailiyilulla purambhaagathu mukalil ninnu thaazhekku pothinja oru aadhunika urukk gadanayaayirunnu, moonnu nilakalulla uyarnna ionic nirakalulla graanait vermont oru doric aditharayil ettu rajisttarukal roopappeduthunnu. aaa kaalaghattatthile ettavum asaadhaaranamaaya kettidangalilonnaanu eiii. tii & tii. kettidatthinte lobby. aduthulla woolworth kettidatthinu samanamaaya oru valia eratta-uyaramulla sthalathinu pakaram, bosworth oru grid adayaalappeduthunna paartheenonil maathrkayaakkiya poornna shareeramulla doric nirakalulla "hypostyle haal" ennu vilikkunnathu roopakalppana cheythu. aadhunika kettidatthinte aavasyakathakalumaayi classical paarambaryatthe ekopippikkaan bosworth sramikkukayaayirunnu. nirakal mattu vaasthushilpikalude kaikalile alankaara gadakangal mathramaayirunnilla, marichu yadhaartha pinthunakkaaraanenna ellah midhyaadhaaranakalum srishtichu. bosworth mitt, theodor enn ennivayude campas roopakalppana cheythu. nyoojezhsiyile moristtaunilulla weils maalika.
1978ll 550 maadisan avanyoovil oru puthiya kettidam yea. tii. aandu tii. kammeeshan cheythu. philipp jonson roopakalppana cheytha eee puthiya eiii. tii & tii kettidam athivegam puthiya postmoden vasthuvidyaa shailiyude oru chihnamaayi maari. bell sisttam vitazhikkappetta varshamaaya varshamaaya kettidam poortthiyaayathu. ohari vittazhikkal korppareshane sambandhichidatholam eee kettidam valare valuthaayirunnuvennum 1993ll aandu tii aaa kettidam soniykku paattatthinu nalkukayum pinneedu 2013ll vilkkunnathuvare aaa kettidatthinte udamasthaavakaasham sonic nalkukayum cheythu.
vibhagangal.
ezz. bii. sii communicationukalumaayi layippikkunnathin munbu eiii. tii. aandu tick moonnu pradhana kambanikalundaayirunnu
eiii. tii. tii alascom alaskayil sevanam vilkkunnath thudarunnu. eiii. tii. aandu tii communications-eest, ink ennu punarnaamakaranam cheythu. deerghadoora telephone sevanam vilkkukayum & tii udamasthathayilulla bell operating kambanikalude athirthikalkku purathu oru klekkaayi pravartthikkukayum cheythu. ithu ippol eiii. tii. aandu tii corpilekku agiranam cheyyappettittund. eiii. tii. tii communications roopeekaricha yadhaartha 22 subsidiarykalil 4 ennam ozhike matellaam nilanilkkunnu. eiii. tii. aandu tii kambani valare valuthaakukayum eiii. tii. aandu tii takarkkaan nirbandhithamaaya oru kuthaka thadayaan sarkkar aagrahikkukayum cheythu. eiii. tii. aandu tii laborattarikal eiii. tii. aandu tii laborattarikalaayi samyojippichirikkunnu, munbu ezz. bii. sii laborattarikal ennu perittirunnu.
vilipperukalum branding.
eiii. tii & tii "maa bell" ennum ariyappedukayum phoon freekkukal snehathode "mother" ennu vilikkukayum cheythu. jeevanakkaarude chila panimudakkukalil, pickermar tii-sharttukal dharichu "maa bell oru yadhaartha ammayaan" ennu ezhuthumaayirunnu."verpiriyunnathinu munbu, eiii. tii. aandu tii enna perumaayi thaarathamyappeduthumbol" "bell sisttam" "enna perinu kooduthal upabhokthru amgeekaaram undaayirunnu". ithu verpiriyalinu sesham kambaniyude peru amgeekarikkunnathinaayi oru parasya kaambayin aarambikkaan kambaniye prerippichu. regional bell operating kambanikal allengil "arbosi" kall polulla spinofukale palappozhum "bebi bells" ennu vilichirunnu. virodhaabhaasamennu parayatte, 2005-ll athinte "bebi bell" aaya ezz. bii. sii communications "maa bell" swanthamaakki.
1983 ll soul baas roopakalppana cheythathum yadhaarthathil eiii. tii. aandu tii information sisttangal upayogichathumaaya korpparettu logoyay eiii. tii. aandu tii globe chihnam, "yunaittad stetts vii. bell sisttam vyaapaaramudrakalude upayogathinulla ellah avakaashavaadangalum upekshikkaan & tick aavashyamaaya eiii. tii & tii settilment. logoyodu saamyamulla "staar vaarsi" leeii deth staar space steshane paraamarshikkunnathinaal ithinu "deth staar" ennu vilipperu nalkiyittundu. 1999ll ithu 12-line designil ninnu 8-line designylake maatti. 2005-ll veendum ithu maathru kambaniyaaya aandu tii incorporationte upayogathinaayi interbrand srishticha 3 dii sutharyamaaya "marble" roopakalppanayilekku maatti. ippol oru multy-tenant oafees soukaryamaaya nyoojezhsiyile holmdalile ikkanik bell laab soukaryathinum eee peru nalki.
eiii. tii. aandu tii cheef executive offeesarmaarude pattika.
1885ll eiii. tii. aandu tii korppareshan roopeekarikkappettathu muthal 2005ll ezz. bii. sii communications vaangunnath vare athinte 16 sii. iii. omaarude pattikayaanu thaazhe koduthirikkunnathu.

