
rubus armeniacus

rubus armeniacus, himalayan blackberry allengil armeniyan blackberry, blackberry grouppaaya "rubus" subjenus "rubus" seerees "discolorus" (pii.jeey. mool.) phokku. ithu armeniyayilum vadakkan iraanilum thaddesheeyamaanu, koodaathe mattidangalil vyaapakamaayi prakrithivalkkarikkappedunnu. athinte shaasthreeya naamavum uthbhavavum valareyadhikam aashayakkuzhappathin kaaranamaayittund, mikka saahithyangalum ithine "rubus proosaras" allengil "rubus discollar" ennu paraamarsikkukayum palappozhum athinte uthbhavam padinjaaran europian ennu thettayi udharikkukayum cheiyunnu. "2014ll prasidheekaricha "flora oof north america", vargeekaranathe asthiramaayi kanakkaakkukayum "rubus biphrons" enna pazhaya peru thaalkkaalikamaayi upayogikkukayum cheiyunnu.
chila pradeshangalil, eee chedi athinte sarasafalangalkkaayi krishi cheiyunnu, ennaal pala pradeshangalilum ithu oru doshakaramaaya kalayaayum aakramanathmaka inamaayum kanakkaakkappedunnu.
vivaranam.
"rubus armeniacus" ennathu vattaatha verukalude vyavasthayil ninnu dvivatsara thandukal ("chooral") vahikkunna oru vattaatha chediyaanu. athinte aadya varshathil oru puthiya thandu athinte poornna neelamaaya 4-10 meter vare shakthamayi valarunnu, nilathu pinnilayi allengil 4 meter vare uyarathil valarunnu. thandu kattiyullathum adiyil 2-3 centimeter vyasamullathum pachaniramullathumaanu; ithu cross sekshanil bahubhujaakrithiyilullathaanu (saadhaaranayaayi shadbhujaakrithiyilullathu), vaariyellukalil 1.5cm vare neelamulla bhayappeduthunna mullukal roopappedunnu. thelichamulla sooryaprakaashathinu vidheyamaakukayaanenkil chooralukalkk kooduthal chuvapp/purple niramaakum. venalkkaalath ithu saadhaaranamaanu. onnaam varsha chingangalile elakalkku <aii. dii. 1> centimeter neelavum moonno athiladhikamo saadhaaranayaayi anchu laghulekhakal ulla eenthappana samyukthavumaan. laghulekhakal mithamaaya thothil neyyu nalkiyirikkunnu. onnaam varshathile mulakalil pookkal uthppaadippikkunnil. randaam varshathil, thandu kooduthal kaalam valarunnilla, pakshe moonnu laghulekhakal (apoorvvamaayi oru laghulekhakal) ulla cheria elakal vahikkunna niravadhi side chinapupottalukal uthpaadippikkunnu. eee laghulekhakal oval-acute, mukalil irunda pachayum thaazhe ilam muthal veluppu vare ilam niratthilullathum pallukalulla marjinum adiyil midribil kenikalullathum keninjathumaaya mullukalullathumaanu. vasanthakaalathinte avasaanathilum venalkkaalathinte thudakkathilum randaam varsha side shoottinte agrangalil 3-20 enna falakangalil pookkal uthppaadippikkappedunnu, oro poovinteyum 2-2.5 centimeter vyaasavum anchu vellayo ilam pink dalangalumundu. pookkal (thikanja) aann, penn prathyulpaadana gadanakal adangiyirikkunnu.
sasyashaasthra padaavaliyile pazham oru berriella, marichu karuppum kadum purple niramulla, 1.2-2 centimeter vyaasamulla niravadhi druplettukalude mothatthilulla falamaanu. onnum randum varshathile chinappukalum cheruthum, dridavum, valanjathum, moorchayullathumaaya nattellukalullathum, karayullathumaanu. pakwathayulla sasyangal idathoornna kamaanamulla thandukalude oru changala roopappeduthunnu, avaa nilathu athumbol shaakhakal nooad agrathil ninnu veroonnunnu.
krishi.
berry vila.
1835-ll europilum 1885-ll australiyayilum vadakke amerikkayilum eee inam avatharippikkappettu. saadhaarana blackberry ("rubus fruiticosus", sakhyakakshikal) ennivaykku samaanamaayi, ennaal valuthum maduramullathumaaya pazhangalkk ithu vilamathikkapettu, ithu aabhyanthara, vaanijya pazha ulppaadanathinu kooduthal aakarshakamaaya inamaakki. pakwathayillaattha pazhangal cheruthum chuvappum kooduthal pulicha ruchiyullathum kadinavumaanu. himalayan bheeman", "theodor remezhs" ennee kalttivarukal saadhaaranayaayi nadunnu. "blackberryile maariyonberi cultivary krishiyil "rubus armeniacus" upayogichirunnu.
cover.
varshangalolam sthaapikkumbol, "rubus armeniacus" ottaykku vidukayaanengil oru valia koottam chooralaayi valaraan kazhiyum. eee marangal pakshikalkk nalla koodundaakkaan idamundaakkukayum muyalukal, annaakkal, beaverukal thudangiya cheruthaayi valia sasthanikalkk vishramikkaano olippikkaano idamundaakkukayum cheyyum.
oru aakramanathmaka inam.
vyapippichu.
"1885ll kaaliforniyayile santa rosayile luther barbankaanu indiayil ninnu irakkumathi cheytha vithukal upayogichu vadakke amerikkayil aadyamaayi "rubus armeniacus" avatharippichathu. eee inam athinte puthiya parithasthithiyil abhivridhi praapichu, prathyekichu athu uthppaadippicha valia alavilulla sarasafalangal kaaranam, taamasiyaathe 1915 oode amerikkayil valarthukayum krishi cheyyukayum cheythu. taamasiyaathe ithu krishiyil ninnu rakshappedukayum 1945 oode mikka mitasheetoshna lokathum american aikyanaadukalude pasaphik theerathum oru aakramanathmaka inamaayi maarukayum cheythu. ithu niyantrikkaan valare budhimuttaayathinaal, ithu vegathil niyanthranaatheethamaakunnu, pakshikalum mattu mrugangalum pazhangal bhakshikkukayum thudarnnu vithukal parathukayum cheiyunnu. plaant uthppaadippikkunna maalinyangalum chattha chooralukalum kaaranam ithu valare kathunnathum kaattutheekkulla oru saadhaarana govani indhanavumaanu.
american pasaphik vadakkupadinjaaran theerathu cascadeukalkku padinjaarum thekkan britiish kolambiyayude chila bhagangalilum theerapradeshangalilum thaazhnna pradhana bhoopradeshathum vancouver dveepiludaneelavum ithu prathyekichum sthaapichittundu. eee pradeshangalile mattu enangalude samriddhi kaaranam ithu nadeethada mekhalakalil nannayi pravartthikkunnu, ithu svayam sthaapikkaan avasaram labhikkunnathuvare thaarathamyena sradhikkappedaathe pookaan anuvadikkunnu. mattu aakramanathmaka enangalil ninnu vyathyasthamayi, eee chedikku eluppathil svayam sthaapikkaanum aswasthatha anubhavappedaatha aavaasavyavasthakalil vyaapikkunnath thudaraanum kazhiyum.
maanejment.
chooral nilathu murikkukayo "rubus armeniacus" enna marangal kathikkukayo cheiyunnathu phalapradamallaatha neekkam cheyyal thanthrangalaanu. kaandangal kuzhikkukayum bhoogarbha gadanakale bandhippikkukayum kalanaashinikal neekkam cheiyunnathinulla mikacha reethikalil ulppedunnu. takarnna verukalkku veendum mulaykkaan kazhiyum, ithu kaikondu neekkam cheiyunnathu adhika advaanamundaakkunnu, glyphosate kalanaashinikal eee chediye sambandhichidatholam falapradamalla.