
jose maria soriano

oru spanish raashtreeyakkaaranaayirunnu jose maria vaaliyante soriano (1900-1982). addeham aakshiyon naashanalil thante currier aarambikkukayum sedayude yoothu branchaaya juventudes dii aaksiyon poppularinte nethaavaayi amgeekaaram nedukayum cheythu. 1935-ll addeham kaarlisatthil chernnu; mukhyadharaa paarambaryavaada samghadanaye nayikkunna 1955-1967 kaalaghattatthilaanu addehathinte rashtreeya paraakaashta veenathu. 1971 nuu sesham addeham yaadhaasthithika raajavaazhchaasamghangale roopappeduthunnathil parajayappettu. 1933num 1936num idayil rund thavana republican paarlamentil sevanamanushtichu; 1967num 1977num idayil rund thavana francoist courtessil addeham oru maandett vahichu. 1937-1942 ll addeham falanch espanola traditionalistayude konsejo naashanalile amgamaayirunnu.
kudumbavum yuvaakkalum.
koodiyaalochicha srothassukalonnum vaaliyanteyude vidoora poorvvikarekkurichulla vivarangal nalkunnilla; addehathinte pithrupithaavaaya jose vaaliyante oru murshyan pattanamaya yeklayumaayi bandhappettirunnuvennu ariyaamenkilum addeham upajeevanathinaayi enthaanu cheythathennu ariyilla. addehathinte makan valiyantinte pithavumaaya jose vaaliyante (maranam 1938) 1870kalude avasaanathil praadeshika yeklan collegio dii loss padrus escolapios sandarshikkukayum 1881ll "bachilaratto dii arte" nedukayum cheythu. thudarnnu addeham oru nirddishta sarvakalashaalayil niyamam padikkukayum kuranjathu 1890kalude madhyam muthal yeklayil notariyaayi sevanamanushtikkukayum cheythu. avan maikkela soriano iii ibaanasine vivaham kazhichu; avalude maathaapithaakkalum yekla swadeshikalaayirunnathelna avalekkuricho avalude kudumbathekkuricho onnum ariyilla. eee dambathikalkku 3 kuttikalundaayirunnu; jose maria eaka makanaayirunnu. valient notariyaayi sevanamanushtichirunna chelva enna valencian pattanathilaanu avar thudakkathil sthirathaamasamaakkiyathu. 1900-ll kudumbam valensiayilekku thamasam maari, avide valiyenteye praadeshika nottari corpsil praveshippichu. ekadesham 20 varshatholam addeham leventain thalasthaanathu sevanamanushtichu; 1920-lum 1921-lum addeham madridilekku maarukayum notariyaayi practies thudarukayum cheythu.
yuva jose maria valensiayilaanu valarnnathu; 1910 kalude madhyathil addeham jesuitukal nadathunna praadeshika collegio dii saan josil pathivayi pookukayum nannayi pravartthikkukayum cheythu; 1917 ll addeham instityootto dii valencyayil ninnu bachilaratto nedi. mursiayile thayyaareduppu kozhsukalkku sesham addeham madridile universidid centralil niyamathil cherukayum 1917 num 1921 num idayil licenciatura paatyapadhathi pinthudarukayum cheythu. 1920 kalude thudakkathil valiyant soriano italiyilekku thamasam maari, avide 1923 ll addeham gueresprudenceyile essay dii lora paasayi. 1927ll madrid alma mettar licenciado enn dereco enna padavi sthireekarichathinaal speyinil valiyante veendum universidid centralumaayi bandhappettirunno ennu vyakthamalla. 1920kalude avasaanathil addeham centralil ooksilari professoraayi jolie aarambhichu; athe samayam addeham abogado aayi practies cheythu.
1933-ll vaaliyante saantaandaril ninnulla oru penkuttiye vivaham kazhichu, konsuyalo settiyen rodrigues (1986-ll marichu); avar kuleena cantabrian bhoovudamakalude oru kudumbatthinte pingamiyaayirunnu, pinneedu avar eee padavi avakashappettu. dambathikal madridile kaale general castanos 4-ll sthirathaamasamaakkukayum 1930-kalil janicha kuranjathu 3 kuttikalundaavukayum cheythu; lucia, rossa blanca, jose ignacio vaaliyante settiyan. avaril aarum oru pothu vyakthiyayi mariyittilla, ithu vaaliyante kochumakkalude kaaryatthilum sambhavikkunnu. mattu bandhukkalil ettavum ariyappedunnayaal addehathinte anantharavan alfredo praitto vaaliyanteyaan, addeham oru pradhana aastooriyan raashtreeyakkaaranum 1977-1979 varshangalil ghadaka courtasinte union dii centro demokratikko deputy aayi sevanamanushtichu. vaaliyanteyude mattoru sahodari prabhukkanmaraaya toll-messia kudumbatthil vivaham kazhichu, addehathinte mattoru anantharavan fernando toll-messia vaii valient, XIII aayirunnu. .
kristhyan samghadanakalil (1924-1935).
cheruppatthil valiyantinte pithaav oru liberalaayirunnuvenkilum 1920kalil addeham kooduthal yaadhaasthithika sthaanangalilekku maarukayum primo dii rivera svechaadhipathyathe pinthunaykkukayum cheythu. 1922 muthal valient soriyaanoyude rashtreeya edapedalukalekkurichulla aadya vivarangal varunnu addeham konfedareshan naashanal dii estudians kaattolikkosinte madrid shaakhayil praveshichu. 1924-ll gill roblesumaayi chernnu addeham partido soshyal poppularinte oru yuva shaakhayaayi roopakalppana cheytha vangardia soshyal popular sthaapichu. 1927-ll valient yuvantas catholica dii espana roopeekarichu, yuvaakkalkkidayil catholica moolyangalude prathirodhavum prachaaranavum sambandhicha prathyakshatthil arashtreeya grouppaanu; 1931-ll aamgal herera ooriyayude neethrthwathilulla saadhaarana katholikkarude vishalamaaya samghadanayaaya aaksiyon kaatolikkayumaayi ithu federerate cheyyappettu. athe varsham thanne, republicinte sainika mathethara gathi roopappedaan thudangiyappol, vishalavum ennaal vaividyamaarnnathumaaya yaadhaasthithika sakhyamaaya aaksiyon naashanal (1932 ll athinte peru aaksiyon popular ennu maatti) sthaapich addeham raashtreeyathilekku neengi, athinte aadya deseeya kammittiyude vais presidentaayi. rashtreeya party neethrthwa rolukal vahikkunnathil ninnu axian kaattolikka athinte amgangale vilakkiyathinaal, vaaliyanteykku jeey. sii. iii. neethrthwathil ninnu raajivaykkendivannu.
1933-ll valient janapriya yuvajanasanghadanayaaya juventudes dii axian nirmmikkaan munnott pookukayum athinte prasidantaakukayum cheythu. taamasiyaathe eiii. pii. konfedareshan spanish dii derecas autonomasayi svayam maari. ippol sedayude oru juvenile branch roopeekaricha jappan, athinte perum ghadanayum nilanirtthi; valient samghadanaye nayikkunnath thudarukayum deseeya seda medhaavikalil oralaayi maarukayum cheythu. addehathinte maarganirdeshaprakaaram, oru saadhaarana "shirt oorganaiseshanil" ninnu pinmaarukayum faasisavumaayi saamyam nishedhikkukayum cheythenkilum, juventyoodukal aakramanaathmakamaayi oru idathupaksha virudha, svechaadhipathya anukoola groupaayi maari. 1933 leeii courtus thiranjeduppukalil, valient, thante cantabrian kudumba bandhangalkk nandi, praadeshika union dii derecas agrarias sthaanaarthikalude pattikayil oru sthaanam charcha cheyyukayum santander-cantabria jillayil ninnu sukhamaayi thiranjedukkappedukayum cheythu.
1934-nte thudakkathil, alphonso pathinaaraamante koode samsarikkaan valient kuranjathu randuthavanayenkilum rahasyamaayi francilake pooyi. rajavaazhchakkaarum seda thammilulla modus vivendiyude nibandhanakal charcha cheyyuka ennathaayirunnu addehathinte lakshyam, koodaathe sthaanabhrashtanaaya rajaavu sedayude rashtreeya bhaagyathe durbalappeduthunna eathenkilum prasthaavanakalil ninnu vittunilkkanamenn prathyekamaayi aavashyappeduka ennathaayirunnu lakshyam. sambhavathekkurichu iruvarum parasparavirudhamaaya vivaranagal nalkiyathinaal party nethaavu jose gill roblesumaayi eee dauthyam ethratholam yojichuvennu krithyamaayi vyakthamalla, ennaal randaamathethu kuranjathu amgeekrithamaayi arinjirunnuvennu saadhaaranayaayi amgeekarikkappedunnu. fontainblue" charchakalude vaartha pras sedaykk chornnappol, republicinodulla vishwasthathayude aavarthichulla prakhyaapanangalkkidayilum idathupaksham republican virudha padhathikalkku pathivayi aaropikkapetta party, svayam valayukayum lajikkukayum cheythu. oduvil, seda sweekaricha audyogika pathipp samghadanaykkullil oru raajavaazhchaasanghadanayaayi eee sambhavathe avatharippichu. addehathinte sammathathode vaaliyante oru balikazhuthayaakkappedukayum partyil ninnu purathaakkappedukayum cheythu. kooduthal sammathamulla "sedisttakal" vittuveezhcha cheiyunnathaayi karuthiyirunna jappaanile theevravaadam valiyantinethire sweekaricha kadinamaaya nilapaadinu kaaranamaayirikkam. addehathinu jappan vidukayum athinte nethaavaayi jose maria perez dii laborda niyamikkukayum cheythu.
kaarlista republic yudhavum (1935-1939).
1935 avasaanathode, prachaaratthinte oru theepiduthatthinidayil, valient cheraan theerumaanichu. kaarlisttukale sambandhichidatholam addeham oru vilapetta ettedukkalaayirunnu. vishwastha seda naanamkedutthiya kizhakkan theevravaadavum raajavaazhchaaprasangavum paarambaryavaadikalkku swaagathaarhamaaya amgeekaarapathrangalaayirunnu, avar daivamillaatha bharanakoodatthe ethrayum vegam illaathaakkaanulla avarude uddeshyathekkurichu rahasyamayittonnum paranjirunnilla. eee nimisham muthal addeham thante muun party amgangalkkethire akramasakthamaaya pravarthanangalil earppettukondu sedayude kadutha vimarsakanaayi. 1936leeii courtus thiranjeduppukalil addeham yaadhaasthithika bargos mandalathil ninnu kaarlist tikkattil malsarikkukayum thiranjedukkappedukayum cheythu. addeham prathyekichu sajeevanaaya oru deputy aayi paraamarsikkappettilla; addehathinte shradha prachaaranathilaayirunnu. jose calvo soteloyude shavasamskara chadangil valient shavappetty vahichappozhaan deseeya raashtreeyarangathu addehathinte ithinakam sradheyamaaya sthaanam prakadamaayathu.
republican virudha goodaalochanayude samayat, juulai 18 leeii attimariyude samayat addeham thaamasichirunna bargos pravishyayile alphonsist sakhyakakshikalumayulla charchakalilekku vaaliyanteyude punk churukki. addeham yudhakaala executive janda naashanal kaarlista dii gyoorayile amgamaayi, avide seshyan administrative amgamenna nilayil addeham mathaparamaya karyangal kaikaaryam cheythu. franco kaarlist nethaavu maanuval phaal kondeye speyinil ninnu purathaakkiyappol, vaaliyant addehathinte anoupachaarika pakarakkaranaayi pravarthichu. 1937ll kaarlistukaleyum faalanchukaleyum onnippikkanulla francoyude sammarddam neritta addeham kaarlist executivinte rund nirnaayaka yogangalil pankedutthu, februvariyil insuvayilum maarchil bergozilum. thudakkathil addeham kadutha "falcontista" kalil oraalaanenn thonniyengilum pinneedu paalikkunnathinekkurich jaagrathayode amgeekarikkukayum layanathinte vishadaamshangalekkurichu charchakalil earppedukayum cheythu, prathyakshatthil chila yadhaartha dhaarana kaivarikkanakumennu prathekshikkunnu.
ekeekarana utharavu pothuswathaayitheernnappol, layanam thante vikaarangalumayi vairudhyamullathaanennum layicha kakshikalkkidayil "dhaarmika aikyamillennum" addeham sammathichuvenkilum saahacharyangal kanakkiledukkumbol athu amgeekarikkendathundenn vaadichu. 1937 meyy maasathil bergozil party nethaavaayi niyamikkappettappol pravishya phettu "jefattooraasilekku" naamanirddesham cheyyappetta 9 kaarlistukalil oraalaayirunnu addeham; octoberil 11 kaarlistukalil oralaayi addeham puthiya samghadanayude 50 anga konsejo naashanalil praveshichu (ennaal janda polittikka allah). sainyam krithrimamaayi srishticha oru bhinnamaaya grouppinullile samyojanathekkaal, carlism thakarumennu addeham bhayapettu. reejant-claim doonn jaaviyarinte vyakthiparamaaya amgeekaaramulla valient faalaanjist konsejo naashanalil thudarnnu, pakshe 1938leeii aadya francoist manthrisabhayil neethinyaaya mantraalayam etteduthu valientinode thante sub sekrattariyaakaan aavasyappetta rodesnoyude vaagdaanam addeham nirasichu (pakaram aaa sthaanam luis arelanoic pooyi). konsejo vaaliyanteyile amgamenna nilayil, faalaangist aadhipathyam, paarambaryatthinte paarshwavalkkaranam, vyakthiparamaaya peedanangal ennivayekkurichu parathippetta kaarlisttukalude bhaagath ninnu prathishedha kathukalum sahayathinulla abhyarthanakalum bombit thakarkkapettu; ennirunnaalum, athinekkurichu addehathinu onnum cheyyaan kazhiyumaayirunnilla.
aadyakaala francoism (1939-1955).
1939-ll franco puthiya, randaamathe faalaanjist konsejo naashanalilekku valiyanteye veendum niyamichu. ennirunnaalum, 1940 kalude thudakkathil addehathinte audyogika francoist edapedalukal avasaanippikkappedukayinu; nirddishta samayat addeham bargosile phettu pravishya jeff enna padavi avasanippikkukayum 1942 ll addehathe moonnaamathe faalaanjist konsejo naashanalilekku niyamikkathirikkukayum cheythu. chila mathaparamaya chadangukal ozhike, maadyamangal addehathinte peru paraamarshikkunnath nirtthi. 1940 kalude thudakkathil vaaliyante thante academic jeevitam punaraarambhikkaan theerumaanikkukayum madridile niyama faakkalttiyil "accelior temporal" aayi sevanamanushtikkukayum cheythu. 1942ll addeham sivil loow cheyar thasthikayilekkulla thiranjeduppu prakriyayil praveshikkukayum 1943ll kaanari dveepukalile universitid dii laa lagunayil catadratico numerario aayi naamanirddesham cheyyappedukayum cheythu. 1946-nte thudakkathil addeham universitid dii sevilla samanthara sthaanathekku sthalammattathinaayi apekshichu; ennirunnaalum, sammathichappol addeham saragosa ninnulla migual royo maartinasumaayi oru kaimaattam sammathichu. addeham aragonilekku thamasam maariyengilum vaarshika academic chakram poortthiyaakkiyilla. 1947ll valient shambalamillaatha avadhi abhyarthichu. athe varsham thanne addeham tasthika ozhinjuvenkilum aupachaarikamaayi addeham saragosa sarvakalaashaalayumaayi bandhappettirunnuvenkum abhibhashakanaayi practies thudarnnu.
1942 vare, oru kaarlist-francoist sarkkar roopeekarikkaanulla doonn javiorinte nirddesham franco avaganichappol, valient oru vittuveezhcha pratheekshikkunnathayi thonni. 1939-ll addeham franco abhisambodhana cheythukondu oru rekhappeduthiya "maanifesteshan dii loss ideals"-ll saha-oppuvachu, athu paarambarya savisheshathakal nadappakkaan abhyarthichu; 1943-ll addeham "reclamatian dii podder" enna mattoruthil saha-oppuvachu, ithavana parambaraagatha raajavaazhchayude sthaapanathe vyakthamaayi paraamarsikkunnu. 1945ll addeham pamplonayile oru valia francoist virudha prakadanatthil pankedukkukayum balkaniyil ninnu oru prasangam nadathukayum cheythu; pinneedu addehathe surakshaasena thadankalil vaykkukayum firing schwadine abhimukeekarikkumennu pratheekshikkukayum cheythu; oduvil sweekaricha uparodhangal thaarathamyena soumyamaayirunnu, prathyekichu idathupakshathinethire upayogikkunna bheekarathayumaayi thaarathamyappeduthumbol. doonn javiyarinteyum addehathinte jeff deligado phaal kondeyudeyum pradhana madhyavayaska anuyayikaliloraalaayi, valiyanteye konde rodesno anugrahichu. regenciode saangalppikamaayi vishwasthatha pulartthunna grouppaaya "juvaanisttakalil" cheraan randaamathethu addehathe kshanichu, ennaal aalphonsist avakaashavaadiyaaya doonn juvaante sthaanaarthithvathe varaanirikkunna kaarlist rajaavaayi sammarddam chelutthi. valient athu palikkaan visammathichu.
1947-ll vaaliyante kaarlist executivinte anoupachaarika yogathil pankedutthu, 1937-nuu sheshamulla aadyathethu; punasthaapikkappetta kaarlist konsejo naashanalinte vais presidentaayi addehathe naamanirddesham cheythu, ithu samghadanaykkullil phalapradamaayi second-inn-kamaandaayirunnu. vamshapaarambaryamulla eathenkilum kararinekkurichu valareyadhikam samshayamulla valient doonn javierinode vishwasthatha pulartthi; 1951 ll addeham avakaashavaadiye thante madrid veettil swaagatham cheythu. ennirunnaalum, 1952-ll doonn javier regencyude avasaanavum simhasanathinaayulla swantham avakaashavaadavum ennu pothuve manassilaakkappedunna prakhyapanangal nadathiyappol addeham kurachu utsaahabharithanaayi. 1950kalude thudakkam muthal kaarlist command lair vaaliyante yogangalil "puthiya rashtreeya saahacharyathe" kurichu paraamarsikkaan thudangi, ithu bharanakoodavumaayi anurajanam thedunnathinte aavasyakathayekkurichulla soochanakalaanennu karuthappedunnu. jose maria aros dii robbles, jose luis samanillo ennivarodoppam, kaarlisatthinullil addeham taamasiyaathe "tendensia collaborassionista" yude vakthavaayi kanakkakkappettu.
leadar aarohanam (1955-1963).
1950kalude madhyathode, maanuval phaal konde pinthudarnna achanjalamaaya ethirppu enthengilum phalangal undengil kurachu maathrame srishtichulloo ennathaayirunnu "javiyaristtakal"kkidayil vardhichuvarunna vikaaram. doonn javier sammathichathayi thonni. 1955ll phaal kondeyude rajikk sesham addeham prasthaanatthinte puthiya collegial bharanasamithiyaya secretariado generaline srishtichu, valiyanteye athinte thaalkkaalika presidentaayi namakaranam cheythu. jose maria aros dii robbles pinthudarnna raajavaazhchaasanghadanayude padhathikale nirantharam athirthukondu valient francoisathode kooduthal sahakaranaparamaya sameepanam roopappeduthi. 1957ll faalngist nethaavaaya jose aresinte eakaadhipathya padhathikal franco nirasicha samayamaayirunnu athu; svechaadhipathi paarambaryavaadathekkurim "movimiyanto-communion" nekkurichum paraamarsikkaan thudangi. 1958ll amgeekaricha niyamam speyinine oru monarkviya paarambaryamaayi prakhyaapichu.
possibilismo" enna puthiya thanthrathe kaarlistukalkkidayil sammishra vikaarathode swaagatham cheythu; pazhaya praadeshika "janderos" murumurukkukayum purohithante vesham dharicha oru yuva navarees oru pamplona streettil valiyanteye akramikkukayum cheythu. aabhyanthara prathipakshatthinethiraaya addehathinte pradhana sakhyakakshi doonn javiorinte makanaaya carlos hugo aayirunnu, addeham 1957 leeii vaarshika kaarlist montejura shekharanathil poornnamaaya princip dii astooriyaas entry nadatthi. yuvaakkalude aaveshathode swaagatham cheytha rajakumaran, saamoohika puthumakalkk purame, party aadunikavalkkaranavum kooduthal aaktivist nayavum munkootty nischayicha thante "laa prokalaama dii montejura" nalki; ithu francoikkulla oru oofaraayi vyaakhyaanikkappettirim. ennirunnaalum, ithu rund vighadanangalkku kaaranamaayi, athu vaaliyanteykku thadayaan kazhinjilla; 1957-ll "estorilos" ennu vilikkappedunna doonn juvane niyamaanusritha kaarlist anantharaavakaashiyaayi prakhyaapichu, 1958-ll francoist virudha intraanjijants renas enna peril oru pilarnna vibhaagam srishtichu.
vaaliyante avakaashavaadiyude poornna aathmavishwaasam aaswadikkukayum 1960 avasaanathode samghadanaykkullil addehathinte sthaanam vardhippikkukayum cheythu; 1955 ll phaal rajivachathinushesham ozhinjukidakkunna sthaanamaaya jeff deligado aayi addehathe naamanirddesham cheythu. ennirunnaalum, addehathinte eaka kaii neethrthwam thaarathamyena hraswamaayirunnu. 1962-nte thudakkathil carlos hugo fraansil ninnu madridilekku sthiramaayi maarukayum raamon maasoyude neethrthwathil thante yuva sahakaarikalude oru samghamaaya sekrateriya poolitikka sthaapikkukayum cheythu. rajakumaran party command leyarinte punasamghadana nadappaakkukayum puthiya aabhyanthara niyanthranangal earppeduthukayum cheythenkilum vaaliyantumayulla avarude sahakaranm nannayi pooyi; avar kurachu adikaaram jeff delegadoyil ninnu raajakumaarante vyakthiparamaaya samghathilekku maatti.
thudakkathil, vaaliyanteyum massoy chernnu roopeekaricha bharanakoodavumaayulla anurajanam prateeksha nalkunnathaanennu thonni. saamoohika theevravaadi faaljiyist nethaakkalaaya jose solis ruis, reymundo fernandes-kyoosta ennivar pathivayi raalikal nadatthaan thudangi. 1961ll puthiya korttukalude roopeekarana samayat franco valiantinte upadesham pinthudarukayum nirddeshicha ellah vyakthikaleyum naamanirddesham cheyyukayum cheythu. ardha-audyogika kaarlist offeesukalude shringalayaaya sirculose kalcharas waskwess dii mella thurakkaan bharanakoodam anuvadikkukayum kurachu puthiya kaarlist aanukaalikangalkk amgeekaaram nalkukayum cheythu; avayil chilath "montejura" pole janapreeti nedukayum prathyekichu yuvaakkalkkidayil aninirathunnathinulla vaahanangalaayi maarukayum cheythu. 1961lum 1962lum vaaliyante francoyumaayi deerghaneram koodikkaazhcha nadatthi; thante pingami bhaavi rajavineyum kurichu thaan ithuvare theerumaanichittillenn svechaadhipathi prakhyapikkukayum avarude aavashyathinaayi lobby cheyyaan kaarlisttukale vyakthamaayi shanikkukayum cheythu. carlos hugo pinneedu 1962ll kaudilloo vyakthiparamayi praveshippichu.
leadar disent (1963-1968).
kaarlisatthinte sakthanaaya manushyan" ennu vilikkappedunna vaaliyanteykku 1960 kalude thudakkathil doonn carlos hugoyode samghathodum kooduthal kooduthal adikaaram pankidendivannu. 1962ll sekrateriya polistikka sthaapichathinethudarnna, mattu puthiya samghadanakal "jeff deligado" yude adikaarangal valarthukayum durbalappeduthukayum cheythu, massoy jose maria sawala chalanathmakamaaya puthiya nethaakkalaayi uyarnnuvannu. ettavum adutha valiyantinte sahakarikalaaya jose luis samanilloyum juvan sains-deeys kooduthal paarshwalkkarikkapnedukayu. thuranna samgharshathinu kaaranamaayath oru vyakthivaada tharkkamalla; samanilloyum francisco elias dii tejadayepolulla paarambaryavaada sidhaanthakarum "carlohugistas"-nte avyakthavum saamoohikamaayi nayikkappedunnathumaaya vaachaadopathil aashankaakularaayi. 1963ll samanilo purathaakkappettappol, seyans-diyesine treasuryil ninnu tharamthaazhthiyappol, "seamprey" maasikayumaayi bandhapetta budhijeevikalaaya elias dii tejada, rafale gambra ennivar samghadanayil ninnu akannu. rajakumaran munnottuvacha puthiya aashayangalekkurich alppam aswasthanaayirunna addeham oduvil sweekaricha nadapadikalkku sammathichu; rajaavinodulla vishwasthatha addehathe nayichu. ennirunnaalum, eee ettumuttal addehathe kaarlist executivil kooduthal ottappeduthi, ippol purogamana yuvakkal aadhipathyam pulartthunnu.
thudakkathil chila phalangal nalkia "possibilismo" yude thanthram munnott pokunnillennu 1960 kalude madhyathil vyakthamaayi. spanish pourathvam nishedikkappetta doonn carlos hyoogoyude 1964leeii vivaahathin sensorship eathaandu samboornna maadyama thadassamundaakki; manthristhaanathekku naamanirddeshangalonnum nadappakkappettilla. 1965-ll valiyanteye franco veendum amgeekarichu; sambhaashanathinide sahakaranm athinte paridhiyil athiyennum kooduthal elavukal pratheekshikkanaavillennum doonn carlos hyoogoyude kireedadhaaranam oru vidoora veekshanam polum allennum addeham manassilakki. 1965leeii vijayadina paredinide oonarari tribunil juvan carlos raajakumaarante saannidhyam franco aalphonsist rajavamsha parihaaratthilekku chaayukayaanennu vyakthamakki.
vaaliyant sponsor cheytha "possibilismo" thakarnnathayi "carlohugistas" manassilakki. avarude saamoohika theevravaadathinu athinte falaamgist anukoola swaram nashtappedukayum pakaram kooduthal maarksist vazhithirivaakukayum cheythu. executivil otappettirunna vaaliyante athu thadayaan kazhinjilla, prathyekichu puthiya tharamgamo punasamghadanayo party maanejmentine savalayudeyum samghathinteyum kaikalil vittathinaal. akkaalat, kaarlist studant oorganaiseshanum (eiii. iii. tii) trade-union moovimiyanto obrero traditionalistayum (mottu) "carlohugistas" ithinakam niyanthrichirunnu. 1966-1967 ll parambaraagatha pazhaya kaavalkkaare alankaara sareerangalaayi phalapradamaayi paarshwavalkkarichu. kaarlisatthinte viplavakaramaaya nuzhanjukayattathe apalapicha munnariyipp sandeshangal kondu vaaliyante bombittu; ennirunnaalum, rajaavinodulla vishwasthathayaal nayikkappedukayum, athu addehathinte makan munnottuvacha paathaye amgeekarichathaayi thonnukayum, aaropanangale athishayokthiparamenn vilayiruthukayum cheythuvenkilum addeham sakthamaaya ethirppu prakadippichilla. rajakumaran prothsaahippicha margavumaayi viyojipullavanum otappettavanum pirimurukkatthaal vizhungiyathumaaya addeham thante raaji "jeff deligado" aayi kaimaran shramichu; oduvil 1967 avasaanathode doonn javier athu amgeekarikkukayum 1968 nte thudakkathil parasyamaakkukayum cheythu.
kazhinja varshangal (1968-1982).
rajikkath sweekarikkunnathinu eathaanum aazhchakalkk munbu, 1967 avasaanathode valiyanteye courtasylake naamanirddesham cheythu, franco thante vyakthiparamaaya niyamanakkaarude koottatthil ninnu thiranjedutthu. naamanirddeshatthinte krithyamaaya samvidaanam vyakthamallengilum, addehathinte vyaapaaramudra balancing geyiminte maasttar enna nilayil svechaadhipathi doonn carlos hugoikethire vaaliyant kalikkaan uddeshichirikkaam. jefatura deligada" yill ninnulla addehathinte raaji, courtasilekkulla addehathinte niyamanavum parasparabandhithamaayirunno ennu vyakthamalla. valient naamanirddesham sweekarikkukayum doonn javierinu ezhuthiya kathil kaarlist lakshyathinaayi pravartthikkunnathu thudarumennu prathijnjayedukkukayum cheythu. rund raashtreeyakkaarudeyum aarogyaprasnangal moolam thakaraarilaayenkilum avakaashavaadiyumaayulla addehathinte bandham souhaarddaparamaayithanne thudarnnu. 1970ll valiyanteye courtasylake veendum niyamichappol athu maari, veendum francoyude vyakthiparamaaya niyamanakkaranaayi; oru phalapradamaaya amgeekaara kathil vaaliyante svechaadhipathiykku nandi parayukayum "estoy vaii kviyaro estaar siemprey" ennu prakhyapikkukayum cheythu.
mikacha prakadanam kaazhchavaykkuka ". naamanirddesham cheyyappettayal niyamanam nirasikkanamenn doonn javier aavasyappettu. ennirunnaalum, vittukodukkillennu valient ithinakam thanne theerumaanichirunnu. 1970 novemberil avakaashavaadiyaaya vyakthikk ezhuthiya kathil, paarambarya thathwangalodulla thante vishwasthatha adivarayittu addeham soochippichu, doonn javier aayirikkam avaa upekshichathennu parokshamaayi soochippikkunnu. 1970 avasaanathode iruvarum theerchayaayum thakarnnu, 1971 leeii vasanthakaalath aii kongraso dell pueblo kaarlista ennu vilikkappedunna oru mahathaaya "carlohoogvista" assembly communion trandisonalistaye oru puthiya partido kaarlistayaakki maattaan uddeshichirunnu, aupachaarikamaayi purathaakkappettu. pinneedu bandhapetta theevravaada samghadana addehathinethire akramanam nadatthaan padhathiyittu.
1971-nte thudakkathil valient ithinakam thanne hermandad dii mastrasgoyude nirmmaanatthil earppettirunnu, ithu aupachaarikamaayi oru poraali grooppaayirunnu, pakshe oru puthiya, yadhaartha kaarlist oorganaiseshanaayi uddeshichirunnu. 1972-leeii oru mahathaaya sammelanathil addeham pankedutthu, 700 oolam pankaalikal pankedutthu, ennirunnaalum addeham oru aupachaarika sthaanavum etteduthilla; 1973-ll blass pinarumaayulla sakhyathecholli addeham samaniloyumaayi ettumutti. rashtreeya samghadanakalude niyamathil elavu varuthiyathinethudarnnu, ardha-rashtreeya grouppukalude aavashyamillaayirunnu; orupakshe juvan carlosinte naamamaathramaaya prasidansiyodukoodiya vishalamaaya oru puthiya rajavaazhcha partic chuttum valient pravartthikkaan thudangi. oduvil 1975ll samghadana yaadhaarthyamaayi, ennaal aabhyanthara abhipraayavyathyaasangalethu 1976nte thudakkathil thanne valient athu upekshichu; 1934ll alphonso pathinaaraamante rahasya charchakal udharichu addehathinte vishwaasyathaye chilar samshayichu. eee varsham avasaanam addeham oru konfedareshan roopathil oru parambaraagatha kuda samghadanaye vaadichenkilum parajayappettu. francoist korttukalude aathmahathya" ennu vilikkappedunna liie paaraa laa reforma polittikkaykku addeham vottu cheythu; chamber pirichuvidappettappol 1977 ll vaaliyanteykku thante adikaaram nashtappettu. 1977 ll addeham alienza popularil earppettu, ennaal 1978 leeii bharanaghadanayude amgeekaarathinethire prathishedhikkunna adutha varsham athu upekshichu. 1979ll addeham chernnu, oru janapriya yaadhaasthithika party kettippadukkanulla puthiyathum parajayappettathumaaya sramam.