
vishudha moodupadam

naasaratthile yeshuvinte shavakudeeramaayi vishwasikkappedunna mathaparamaya avashishtamaaya tourin ("sindoon dii torino") enna moodupadam sthaapikkunnathinaayi nirmmicha vadakkan italiyile tourinil barok shailiyilulla roman catholica chaappalaan chaappal oof hollie shrowd (). tourin katheedralinaduthaayi sthithi cheiyunna ithu tourin kottaravumaayi bandhippichirikkunnu. vaasthushilpiyum purohitan ganithashaasthranjanumaaya gwarino gwarini roopakalppana cheytha eee chaappal pathinezhaam noottaandinte avasaanathil (1668-1694), saavoy rajakumaaranaaya chaals immaanuval randaamante bharanakaalathu nirmikkappettu, ithu barok vaasthuvidyayude maastarpeesukalil onnaayi kanakkaakkappedunnu. 1997leeii theepidutthatthil saaramaayi kedupaadukal sambhavicha ithu 21 varshathe sankeernamaaya punarudhaarana padhathikku vidheyamaavukayum 2018ll veendum thurakkukayum cheythu. sankeernavum svayam pinthunaykkunnathumaaya thadiyum marble kondulla thaazhikakkudamaanu chaappalinullath. 
charithram.
savoyiyude duke carlo emenleyude onnaaman 1610 num 1611 num idayil ascanio vittosi, carlo dii kaastellaamonde ennivarkku noottaandukalaayi savoyiyude veedu sookshichirunna moodupadam samrakshikkaan chaappal kammeeshan cheythu. cathedralinum palasso ducalinum (muun bishappinte kottaravum nilavile rajakeeya kottaravum) idayil oru deerghavrithaakrithiyilulla chaappal sthaapikkanamennu prarambha padhathi aavasyappettu. 1624ll adithara paakiyappol maathramaan punny thadassappettathu. onnaam vittoriyoyude bharanakaalatho maria christeenayude bharanakaalatho padhathi purogamichilla.
1657-ll chaals immaanuval randaaman eee padhathi punarujjeevippichu. thaalkkaalika thadi balipeetathil moodupadam sookshichirikkunnathil aswasthathayode, athu poortthiyaakkaan sammarddam cheluthiyathu kardinal mourisiyo dii savoyayanu. 1532ll chembariyilundaaya theepidithatthil moodupadam nashichathinekkurichu addeham vaasthavathil oorthirunnu. ducal kottaaratthinum cathedralinte appesinum idayil chathuraakrithiyilulla oru kettidatthinte roopakalppanayude utharavaadithamulla carlo dii castellamondeyude makan aarkkitektumaaya amedio dii castellamondeyum swis shilpi bernardino kwadry eee padhathikal ealppichu. koodaathe, cathedralinte tharayumaayi bandhappett chaappal 6 muthal 7 meter vare uyarthaan iruvarum theerumaanichu. ithinartham chaappalinte akathalangal katheedralinullil ninnu drishyamaayirunnu ennaanu. oro idanaazhiyudeyum attathu sthaapichirikkunna rund valia padikaliloode vishwaasikalkku chappalil praveshikkaan kazhiyumaayirunnu, athesamayam kottaaratthinte onnaam nilayile oru portaliloode raajakudumbaamgangalkk athu axus cheyyaan kazhiyumaayirunnu. athinaal deerghavrithaakrithiyilulla aditharakal polichumaattukayum onpathu varshathekku padhathi vegathilaakkukayum cheythu. ghadanayil gadanaaparamaaya prasnangal shradhayilppettappol aadya nilayude entaablecharil athiyappol nirmmaanam thadassappettu. prashnam pariharikkan kazhiyaathe vannathinaal 1666ll bernardino kwadri padhathiyil ninnu neekkam cheythu.
gwarini padhathi.
1666ll paareesil ninnu purappettathinusesham 1667ll thurinil nirtthi 1668ll chaappalinte punny ettedutha purohita-vaasthusilpiyaaya garino gwarinik eee padhathi ealppichu. bernardino kwadri munbu vikasippichedutha vrithaakrithiyilulla padhathi addeham sweekarichu, athu aadya nila vare poortthiyaayi. munbu poortthiyaakkiya ghadanayil maattam varuthiya gwarini, mathilukale shakthippeduthi, ithu avayude melinjathinum gadanaaparamaaya kazhivukalkkum prasnangal srishtichu. korinthyan prachoditha bhitthiprastharangale addeham yeshuvinte abhiniveshavumaayi bandhapetta chithrangalum chinnangalum kondu alankarichu (olivu shaakhakal, mudukalude kireedangal, paashan flover, titulus cruises enniva ulppede). koodaathe, addeham sariyaaya padikalkku punarroopakalppana cheythu. addeham spaandralukale naalil ninnu moonnaayaayi kurachu, shringangalil moonnu westibuleukalulla oru trikonathe srishtichu (onnu kottaaratthinte praveshana kavaadatthilum mattu rund katheedralilekkulla padikalilum). ithuvare etteduthittillaath chaappalinte bhaagathe sambandhichidatholam, gwarini padhathiyil poornnamaayum viplavam srishtichu. prathyekichum, thaazhikakkudam laghookarikkunnathinum mukalilekku thallunnathinum gwarini punarroopakalppana cheythu. yadhaartha padhathiyil thuramukhangalaal pinthunaykkunna oru ardhagola thaazhikakkudam ulppedunnu. pakaram gwarini alankaara pedimentukalum shell aakruthiyilulla volyoottukalum sthaapichu. ithinu mukalil, bharam punarvitharanam cheiyunna valia bharamullah kamanangal addeham sthaapichu. moonnu kamanangalaal roopappetta moonnu loonattukalilum moonnu spaandralukalilum oronninum ullil addeham valia vrithaakrithiyilulla janalakal sthaapichu. eee kamanangal, batrasukal maraykkunnathinupurame, drumminteyum thaazhikakkudatthinteyum alavukal murukkaanum saadhyamaakki. kamaanangalkk mukalil, adutha nilayil, aarr valia kamana janaalakalkk mukalil, thirunivasam polulla aarr edangal marimari addeham oru valaya nadappaatha sthaapichu. thaazhikakkudatthinte mukalbhagam nirmmikkunnathinayi, addeham aarr nilakalude oru parambara srishtichu, oronnum shadbhujaakrithiyilulla padhathiyil krameekarichirikkunna aarr cheria kamanangal kondu nirmmichathaanu. oro nilayudeyum valippam uyarathinanusarichu churungukayum oro nilayudeyum shadbhujaakrithiyilulla plan thazheyullavayumaayi bandhappett charinjirikkukayum cheiyunnu, angane kamanangal thaazheyulla kamaanangalude mukalil avayude adithara sthaapikkunnu. panthrand andaakrithiyilulla janalakalaal chuttapetta panthrand pooyint nakshatram roopeekaricha melkoora vilakkilaanu thaazhikakkudam avasaanikkunnath. nakshathrathinullil, oru cheria vrithaakrithiyilulla thoppi parishudhaathmaavinte praav kondu alankarichirikkunnu, athil ninnu prakashakiranangal uyarnnuvarunnu. thaazhikakkudam avasaanikkunnath janalakalaal alankaricha oru kodumudiyode (adibhaagathu yadhaarthavum mukalil vyaajavum) mukalil oru cross kondu mukalil oru swarnna globe. 1680ll giacomo courtella thaazhikakkudam kothivachu.
1679 october 27nuu thaazhikakkudam poortthiyaakkukayum 1680 meyy 15nuu gwarini thanne oru thaalkkaalika thadi balipeetathil udghaadana kurbbana aaghoshikkukayum cheythu. akathalangal ithuvare poortthiyaayittillengilum ghadana upayogayogyamaayirunnu. 1683 march 6nuu gwarini marichu, padikalilonnu, balipeetam enniva poortthiyaakaathe kidannu.
poorttheekaranam.
1685ll donatto rossetti eee padhathiyude pingamiyaayi niyamikkappettenkilum taamasiyaathe 1686ll addeham marichu. addehathinu pakaram antonio bertola niyamichu, addeham padhathi poortthiyaakki. thaazhikakkudatthinte vrithaakrithiyilulla padhathiyude madhyathil, bertola tharayil ninnu aarr chuvadukal uyarathil oru balipeetam sthaapichu. balipeetatthinte kendreekaranam oonnipparayunnathinaayi krameekarichirikkunna greak kurisukalkkullil nakshathrangalude kendreekritha vrithangalaal thara pothinjirunnu. karutha marble upayogichulla balipeetam svarnnamulla maram allengil loha aabharanangal, shilpangal enniva kondu alankarichirunnu. oru swarnna gritt upayogichu samrakshichirikkunna oru glass kesinullil shrowd cases madhyabhaagathu sthaapichu. balipeetatthinte baalastarin mukalil ettu puttikal praarthanaykko abhiniveshathinte nakhangal vahikkano sthaapichu, athesamayam abhiniveshathinte chinnangalulla naalu maalaakhamaare avashishtatthinte vashangalil sthaapichu, ivayellaam 1692 num 1694 num idayil silpikalaaya siser neuron francesco boralloyum nirmmichathaanu. oduvil 1694 ll moodupadam avide sthaapichu. 1825-ll rajaavaaya carlo felis rajakeeya vaasthusilpiyaaya carlo randoni "grande chillaason" nirmmikkaan niyogichu, ithu cathedralinte thanuppil ninnum shabdathil ninnum chappaline samrakshikkunnathinaayi valnattum irumbum kondu oru valia glass vindoyaanu.
pathonpathaam noottaandinte aadya pakuthiyil chaals albert rajaavu niyogicha saavoy housile prashastha amgangale chithreekarikkunna prathimakal kondu chaappal alankarikkappettu. amadeyus VIII (savoyiyudeyum aantipoppinteyum aadya prabhukkan) yude prathima benedetto kaasiyaattori, duke immaanuval philibert ("irumbu thala" ennariyappedunna nethaavu, thalasthaanam chamberyil ninnu tourinilekku maattiya) pompeo marchasy, duke chaals immaanuval randaaman (chaappalinte nirmmaanam aarambhicha) ennivar immonenso frackerolly, carignano rajakumaran thomas francis (chaals albert ulppetta saavoy-carignano vamshathinte poorvvikan) ennivarude prathima giuseppe gagini ennivar silpamaakki. pathonpathaam noottaandil, velutha marble dharicha rund maalaakhamaareyum baalasttarinte attathu chertthu.
1997leeii theepidittham.
1990 meyy 4 nuu oru aantharika cornisil ninnulla marblinte oru bhagam nilathu thakarnnappol chaappal pothujanangalkkayi adachu. vellathinte nuzhanjukayattamaanu vellachaattathin kaaranamaayath. moonnu varshathinu sesham punarudhaarana pravartthanangal aarambhichu. yaadhaasthithika punarudhaarana sthalam eathaandu poortthiyaayathode, 1997 epril 11 num 12 num idayil raathriyil undaaya short surcuted theepiduthatthinu kaaranamaayi, athu kettidatthinu saaramaya kedupaadukal varuthi. theepidutthangal kurayukayum thakarukayum cheythu, koodaathe maarbilukalkkum kanatha kedupaadukal sambhavichu, koodaathe anaykkunna jettukalil ninnulla manjumoodiya vellam moolamundaaya taapa aaghaathavum kaaranam. moodupadam thanne nasippikkappedumennu apakadamundengilum agnishamana senaamgangal theepidutthatthil ninnu rakshappeduthi, avar thuni sookshichirunna thadiyum velliyum adangiya glass cases thakarthu. muzhuvan ghadanayum thakarnnupokaathirikkaan, loha changalakalulla valakal athinu chuttum sthaapichu. 
punarnirmmanavum sameepakaala charithravum.
avashishtangal udan thanne kandethukayum kedupaadukal kandethukayum cheythathil ninnu 80 sathamaanam kallu uparithalangalum punasthaapikkendathunna puratthuvannu. 2000-kalude thudakkathil vasthuvidyaa punasthaapanam aarambhichu, saadhyamaaya ettavum yaadhaasthithikavum vishwasthavumaaya reethiyil ithu nadatthi. pathinezhaam noottaandil frabosa sopraanayil upayogichirunna yadhaartha kwaarikalil ninnu 2007-ll aavashyamaaya marble kandethi, ennaal aaa uravidam theernnukazhinjaal athu aurobic, apuvan aalpsile mattu sthalangalil ninnum verthirichu. veendedukkaan kazhiyaatha gadakangal 3D modalinginte sahaayathode aadyam muthal nirmmichathaanu. thaazhikakkudam verthirichu poornnamaayum veendum kootticherkkukayum kedupaadukal sambhavicha vasthukkal neekkam cheiyunnathinaayi thaalkkaalika chaaruthayil nirthukayum cheythu. melkkoorakalum eeyam moodunna vasthukkalum loha valayangalum janaalakalum grande chillasone thaazhikakkudatthile parishudhaathmaavulla sooryaprakaashavum poornnamaayum punarnirmmichu. courtella kapola paintingukal naveekarichu.
2019 leeii europian heritteju avaardukalude vijayikalil ninnulla punasthaapanavum punarnirmmanavum 28 varshathinu sesham poortthiyaakkukayum 2018 septambar 27 nuu chaappal nagaratthinum sandarshakarkkumaayi veendum thurakkukayum angane royal myoosiyangalude touur tourin toorinte bhaagamaayi maarukayum cheythu. 30 dasalaksham euroyil kooduthal chelavaaya eee punarudhaaranatthinu 28 ennam saamskaarika manthraalayavum 2.7 ennam compagnia dii saan pavlo backie laa staamba, airan, mattullavayil ninnulla mattu sambhaavanakalum undaayirunnu. 2021ll balipeetatthinte bhagika punarudhaaranavum poortthiyaayi, angane smaarakathinte veendedukkal poortthiyaayi. keroobukalum rund maalaakhamaarude prathimakalum (theepidithasamayathu avar thaalkkaalikamaayi vishudhamandirathilaayinnathu theeye athijeevichavar), kothupani cheytha velli koodaaram, vilakkukal, pyramid mezhukuthirikal ennivaykkoppam balipeetathinte uparithalangalum maarbilukalum gadanakalum veendedukkunnathil punarudhaaranatthinu vijayam labhichu. mattu prathimakalum svarnnamulla maratthil valia kodumudi nakshatravum veendedukkappedaathe nashtappettu (theepiduthatthinu munbulla balipeetatthinte oru chithram nashtappetta bhagangal ivide kaanam).

