
nakshatra samvidaanam

guruthwaakarshanathaal bandhikkappettirikkunna, parasparam parikramanam cheiyunna cheria ennam nakshathrangalaan nakshathravyooham athawa nakshathravyooham. guruthwaakarshanathaal bandhikkappetta oru valia koottam nakshathrangale saadhaaranayaayi "staar klasttar" allengil "galaxy" ennu vilikkunnu, ennirunnaalum, vishaalamaayi paranjaal, avaa nakshathravyavasthakalaanu. nakshathravyavasthakale grahangalum samanamaaya vasthukkalum (dhoomakethukkal polullava) ulppedunna grahavyavasthakalumaayi thettidharikkaruthu.
rund nakshathrangalulla oru nakshathravyavasthaye "bainari staar", "bainari staar sisttam" allengil "physical double staar" ennu vilikkunnu. veliyetta phalangalo mattu shakthikalil ninnulla aswasthathakalo oru nakshathrathil ninnu mattonnilekku pindam kaimaattam cheyyappedukayo illengil, atharam oru samvidaanam sthirathayullathaanu, koodaathe rund nakshathrangalum sisttathinte baarisentarinu chuttum anischithamaayi oru deerghavrithaakrithiyilulla bhramanapatham kandethukayum cheyyum. "(rund shareerangalude prashnam kaanuka). bainari sisttangalude udaaharanagal syrious, proosiyoon, signus x-1 ennivayaanu, avayil avasaanatheth oru nakshatravum thamogarthavum ulkkollunnu.
onniladhikam nakshatra samvidaanangal.
bhoomiyil ninnu aakaashat parasparam aduthathaayi kaanapedunna moonno athiladhikamo nakshathrangal ulkkollunnathaan onniladhikam nakshathrangalude oru samvidaanam. nakshathrangal yadhaarthathil bhouthikamaayi aduthirikkunnathum guruthwaakarshanaparamaayi parasparam bandhippikkappettirum ithinu kaaranamaayekkam, eee saahacharyathil ithu oru "bhauthika" onniladhikam nakshatramaanu, allengil eee saameepyam kevalam vyakthamaayekkam, eee saahacharyathil ithu oru "opttikkal" onniladhikam nakshathrangalaan bhauthika onniladhikam nakshathrangale saadhaaranayaayi "onniladhikam nakshathrangal" allengil "onniladhikam nakshatra samvidaanangal" ennum vilikkunnu.
mikka onniladhikam nakshathravyavasthakalum "triple staarukal" aanu. naalo athiladhikamo gadakangalulla samvidaanangal undakanulla saadhyatha kuravaanu. multiple staar systengalkku 3 nakshathrangal undengil "triple", "ternery" allengil "trainari" ennu vilikkunnu; avayil 4 nakshathrangal undengil "quadruple" allengil "quaternary"; 5 nakshathrangalulla "kvintappil" allengil "kvintanari"; 6 nakshathrangalulla "sextuple" allengil "sextenary"; 7 nakshathrangalulla "septappil" allengil "septanari"; 8 nakshathrangalulla "okdappil" allengil "oktanari". eee samvidaanangal thuranna nakshathrasamoohangalekkaal cheruthaanu, avaykku kooduthal sankeernamaaya chalanathmakathayum saadhaaranayaayi 100 muthal 1,000 vare nakshathrangalumund. ariyappedunna mikka onniladhikam nakshatra samvidaanangalum moonnirattiyaanu; uyarnna gunithangalkk, nalkiyirikkunna gunithamulla ariyappedunna samvidaanangalude ennam gunithathinanusarichu ganyamaayi kurayunnu. udaaharanathinu, 1999-ll tokkovininte bhauthika multiple staar kaattalogile vivaricha 728 sisttangalil 551 ennam moonnirattiyaanu. ennirunnaalum, samshayaaspadamaaya selection efakttukal kaaranam, eee sthithivivarakkanakkukal vyaakhyaanikkaanulla kazhivu valare parimithamaanu.
multiple staar sisttangale rund pradhana dynamical klaasukalaayi tirikkaam
allengil
sreniparamaaya samvidaanangal.
mikka multiple staar sisttangalum krameekarichirikkunnathu "sreniparamaaya sisttam" ennu vilikkappedunnathil sisttathile nakshathrangale rund cheria grouppukalaayi thirikkam, avaa oronnum sisttathinte pindakendrathinu chuttum oru valia bhramanapathathiloode kadannupokunnu. eee cheria grouppukal oronnum sreniparamaayirikkanam, athaayath avaye sreniparamaaya cheria upavibhagangalaayi vibhajikkanam. adutha jodikale orotta nakshatram pole pariganikkunnathiloode shreniyude oro thalatheyum "rund shareera prashnamaayi" kanakkakkaam. eee samvidaanangalil bhramanapathangal thammilulla cheria edapedal maathrameyulloo, nakshathrangalude chalanam asthiramaaya trapesia samvidaanangalil ninnu vyathyasthamayi allengil nakshathrasamoohangalileyum thaaraapathangalileyum valia ennam nakshathrangalude sankeernamaaya chalanathmakathayil ninnu vyathyasthamayi sisttathinte pindakendrathinu chuttumulla sthirathayulla keplerian bhramanapathangale ekadeshamaayi kanakkaakkunnath thudarum.
triple staar sisttangal.
oru "bhauthika" tribhuja nakshathravyavasthayil, oro nakshatravum sisttathinte pindatthinte kendratthe parikramanam cheiyunnu. saadhaaranayaayi, rund nakshathrangal oru adutha bainari sisttam roopappeduthunnu, moonnaamathethu bainari bhramanapathathekkaal valare valia akalatthil eee jodiye parikramanam cheiyunnu. eee krameekaranatthe "shrenipara" mennu vilikkunnu. akatheyum purattheyum bhramanapathangal valippathil thaarathamyappeduthaavunnathe, sisttam chalanathmakamaayi asthiramaayekkaam, ithu sisttathil ninnu oru nakshatram puranthallappedunnathilka nayikkunnu ennathaanu eee krameekaranatthinte kaaranam. rund chuvanna kullan nakshathrangal koodi chernna oru aantharika bhauthika binary parikramanam cheiyunna oru baahya nakshathramulla oru bhauthika sreniparamaaya triple sisttathinte udaaharanamaanu ees akwari.
guruthwaakarshanaparamaayi bandhithamallaatha tribhuja nakshathrangalil oru bhauthika binary (beetaa sephe polullava) oru "opttikkal" koottaaliyum (apoorva sandarbhangalil, poornnamaayum "opttikkal" triple staar (gamma serpentis polullava) ulppettekkaam.
uyarnna gunithangal.
moonnil kooduthal nakshathrangalulla sreniparamaaya onniladhikam nakshatra samvidaanangalkku kooduthal sankeernamaaya krameekaranangal srishtikkaan kazhiyum. melkkoorayil thookkiyirikkunna alankaara mobailukalkk samaanamaayi kaanapedunna "mobail diagramukal" ennu vilikkunna evens (1968) vazhi eee krameekaranangal krameekarikkaam. sreniparamaaya samvidaanangalude udaaharanagal valathuvashathulla chithratthil ("mobail diagramukal") nalkiyittundu. rekhaachithrathinte oro thalavum sisttathinte cheria valippamulla rando athiladhikamo sistangalaayi vighadippikkunnathine chithreekarikkunnu. randil kooduthal "kuttikal" ulla oru nooad undengil evans oru rekhaachithrathe "multiplexes" ennu vilikkunnu, athaayath.iii. eathenkilum upavyavasthayude vighadanathil thaarathamyappeduthaavunna valippamulla rando athiladhikamo bhramanapathangal ulppedunnundengil. kaaranam, triple staarukalekkurichu nammal ithinakam kandathupole, ithu asthiramaayirikkaam, onniladhikam nakshathrangal "simplexes" aayirikkumenn prathekshikkunnu, athaayath oro thalatthilum krithyamaayi rund "kuttikal" undu. rekhaachithrathile levalukalude ennathe evans athinte "shreni" ennu vilikkunnu.
uyarnna shrenikalum saadhyamaan. eee uyarnna shrenikalil bhooribhaagavum onnukil sthirathayullatho aantharika aswasthathakal anubhavikkunnatho aanu. sankeernamaaya onniladhikam nakshathrangal kaalakramena saidhaanthikamaayi sankeernamallaatha onniladhikam nakshathrangalayi vighadikkumennu mattullavar karuthunnu, kooduthal saadhaaranamaayi nireekshikkappedunna moonno naalo nakshathrangal saadhyamaan.
trapesia.
trapesia saadhaaranayaayi valare cheruppavum asthiravumaaya samvidaanangalaanu. iva nakshatra nazhsarikalil roopappedumennu karuthappedunnu, avaa vegathil sthirathayulla onniladhikam nakshathrangalayi vibhajikkappedunnu, eee prakriyayil gadakangale thaaraapathatthile uyarnna vegathayulla nakshathrangalayi puranthalliyekkaam. ooriyoon neehaarakatthinte hridayabhaagathulla trapeasium klasttar ennariyappedunna onniladhikam nakshathravyavasthayude perilaanu avaa ariyappedunnathu. atharam samvidaanangal apoorvamalla, saadhaaranayaayi thilakkamulla neehaarikaykk sameepamo akatho kaanapedunnu. eee nakshathrangalkk staanderd sreniparamaaya krameekaranangalonnumille sthirathayulla bhramanapathangalkkaayi malsarikkunnu. eee bandhathe "interplay" ennu vilikkunnu. atharam nakshathrangal oduvil oru vidoora koottaaliyumaayi adutha binaryilekku sthirathaamasamaakkunnu, munbu sisttathile mattu nakshathrangal uyarnna vegathayil interstellaar spacilake puranthallappedunnu. rund bainari nakshatra grouppukaludeyo onniladhikam sisttangaludeyo koottiyidi samayat puranthallappettekkaavunna oodippoya nakshathrangale eee chalanathmakatha vishadeekarichekkaam. 200 kilometer sent-1 nuu mukalil eee auriga, myoo kolumba, 53 eriyattis enniva puranthalliyathinulla bahumati eee sambhavathin labhikkunnu, ithu ekadesham rund dasalaksham varshangalkk munbu ooriyoon neehaaratthile trapeasium klasttaril ninnu kandethiyittundu.
padavinyaasavum naamakaranavum.
onniladhikam nakshatra padavikal.
a", "b", "c" muthalaaya prathyayangal cherthu onniladhikam nakshathrangalude gadakangal vyakthamaakkam., sisttathinte padaviyilekku. eiii", "bii" enniva adangiyirikkunna jodiye soochippikkaan "abb" polulla prathyayangal upayogikkaam. bii", "sii" muthalaaya aksharangalude kramam. a" enna gadakathil ninnu verthirikkunna kramatthil ithu nalkaam. ithinakam ariyappedunna oru gadakathodu chernnu kandethiya gadakangalkku "aaa", "baa" thudangiya prathyayangal nalkaam.
onniladhikam nakshathrangalude kaattalogile naamakaranangal.
eiii. eiii. tokkovininte multiple staar kaattalog oru mobail diagramile oro subsistavum akkangalude oru kramam upayogichu encode cheiyunna oru samvidaanam upayogikkunnu. udaaharanathinu, mukalilulla mobail diagramil (dii), ettavum vishalamaaya systethinu nambar 1 nalkum, athesamayam praadhamika ghadakam adangiya subsistathinu 11 umm dvitheeya ghadakam adangiya subsistathinu 12 umm nambar nalkum. mobail diagramil ithinu thaazhe drishyamaakunna subsistangalkku moonnu, naalu allengil athil kooduthal akkangalulla nambarukal nalkum. eee reethi upayogichu oru kramarahita samvidaanathe vivarikkumbol, ore subsistom nambar onniladhikam thavana upayogikkum; udaaharanathinu, eiii, bii, sii ennee moonnu vishwal gadakangalulla oru systethinu, avayil randennam oru subsistamaayi tharamthirikkaan kazhiyilla, rund binarykalaaya eiii. bii, eiii. sii ennivaye soochippikkunna 1 enna nambar rund subsistangal undaakum. eee saahacharyathil, bii, sii enniva pinneedu bainarikalaayi pariharikkukayaanenkil, avarkk 12,13 ennee subsistom nambarukal nalkum.
bhaaviyile multiple staar sisttam naamakaranangal.
eratta, onniladhikam nakshatrangalkkulla nilavile naamakaranangal aashayakkuzhappamundakkum, kaaranam vyathyastha reethikalil kandethiya bainari nakshathrangalkk vyathyastha padanaamangal nalkiyittundu (udaaharanathinu, vishwal bainari nakshatrangalkkulla discover sthaanapperukalum bainari nakshathrangale grahanam cheiyunnathinulla variable staar sthaanapperukalum), athilum moshamaayi, ghadaka aksharangal vyathyastha rachayithakkal vyathyasthamayi nalkaam, angane, udaaharanathinu, oru vyakthiyude "eiii" mattoraalude "sii" aakam. 1999ll aarambhicha charcha eee prashnam pariharikkunnathinayi nirddeshikkappetta naalu padhathikalil kalaashichu
oru padanaama samvidaanathinu, systethinullile shreni thirichariyunnathu subsistangale thirichariyunnathinum avayude gunangal kanakkukoottunnathinum eluppamaakkunnathinte nettamaanu. ennirunnaalum, nilavilulla shreniyude mukaliloo idatharam thalatthilo puthiya gadakangal kandethumbol ithu prasnangal srishtikkunnu. eee saahacharyathil, shreniyude oru bhagam akathekku maarum. nilavilillenn kandethukayo pinneedu mattoru subsistathilekku punarniyamichedukkukayo cheiyunna gadakangalum prasnangal srishtikkunnu.
2000-ll anthaaraashtra jyotishaasthra yooniyante 24-aamath pothusabhayil doubleumc padhathi amgeekarikkukayum 5,8,26,42,45 commissionukal ithu upayogayogyamaaya oru ekeekritha padaviyilekku vyaapipikkanamenn theerumaanikkukayum cheythu. doubleumc skeem upayogichu oru kaattaloginte oru sample, sariyaaya aarohanathinte araa manikkoor ulkkollunna, pinneedu thayyarakki. 2003ll 25-aamath pothusabhayil eee prashnam veendum charcha cheyyappedukayum 5,8,26,42,45 kammeeshanukalum interferometriyekkur working group doubleumc skeem vipuleekarikkukayum kooduthal vikasippikkukayum cheyyanamennu veendum pariharikkukayum cheythu.
sample doubleumc kramanugathamaayi krameekarichirikkunnu; upayogichirikkunna shreni nireekshicha bhramanakaalakhattangaleyo verthirivukaleyo adisthaanamaakkiyullathaanu. bhouthikamaayathinekkaal opttikkal aayirikkavunna niravadhi vishwal eratta nakshathrangal ithil adangiyirikkunnathinaal, eee shreni vyakthamaayirikkam. ithu valia aksharangal (eiii, bii,) upayogikkunnu...) shreniyude aadya thalathinu, cheria aksharangal (eiii, bii,...) randaam levelinum (1,2,) akkangalkkum...) moonnaamathethinu. thudarnnulla levelukal marimari cheria aksharangalum akkangalum upayogikkum, pakshe ithinu udaaharanangalonnum saambilil kandethiyilla.

