
sogin

aanava nirmmaarjjanathinum vyaavasaayika, gaveshana, medical prakriyakal uthppaadippikkunna radio active maalinyangalude nadathippinum nirmaarjanathinum utharavaadithamulla oru itaaliyan sarkkar udamasthathayilulla samrambhamaan sogin (, "aanava plaant maanejment kambani, sogin ennum ariyappedunnu). aanavorjjathekkurichula 1987 leeii itaaliyan hitaparisodhanayethudarnnu 1999 ll sthaapithamaaya sogin yadhaarthathil sarkkar udamasthathayilulla enalinte bhaagamaayirunnuvenkilum swathanthramaayengilum 2000 ll sarkkar udamasthathayilullathaayi maari. kambani thudakkathil corso, enrico fermi, garrigliano, lattina aanavorja nilayangal enniva etteduthu, pinneedu eniyayude eurex ulppedeyulla mattu sittukal chertthu. kambani ellah plaantukalum nirthalaakkaan thudangi, 2036 oode pravartthanam poortthiyaakkumennu pravachikkappedunnu. armenia, bulgaria, chaina, check republic, france, kazakhstan, litwania, romania, russia, slovakia, ukraine ennividangalile paristhithi pariharam, radio active maalinya maanejment, aanava suraksha pravartthanangal ennivayil kambani earppettittundu. mattu maalinya nirmarjana pravartthanangalum sogin ettedukkukayum 2005 ll russian naavikasenayude aanava antharvaahinikal nirthalaakkaan sahayikkaan thudangukayum cheythu.
charithram.
1987leeii aanavorjjathekkurichula hitaparisodhanaykku sesham, itaaliyan sarkkar raajyathe sheshikkunna aanava nilayangal nirthalaakkendivannu. eee jolie ettedukkunna kambaniyaayi sogin roopeekarikkappettu. 1999 november 1 nuu srishticha sogin sarkkar udamasthathayilulla vaidyuthi kambaniyaaya enalil ninnu adacha corso, enrico fermi, garrigliano, lattina aanavorja nilayangalude udamasthaavakaasham etteduthu. thudakkathil, enil grouppinte bhaagamaayi sogin srishtichuvenkilum, niyamanirmmaana utharavu namm. 79, itaaliyan vaidyuthi mekhalayude udaaravalkkaranathinte thudakkathe adayaalappeduthiya 1999 march 16 leeii berzani utharavu, groupine vibhajikkaan theerumaanichu. 2000 november 3nuu sogin oharikal sambadvyavastha, dhanakaarya manthraalayathinu kaimari. 2003ll eurex, sesanoyile opeku research reactors, rotondella itrek plaant thudangiya eniya sittukal nirthalaakkunnathinte utharavaadithavum sogin etteduthu.
2004 septambar 16nuu nuclico spayile 60 sathamaanam oharikal (backie 40 sathamaanam eniyayude udamasthathayilullava) etteduthukondu sogin oru korpparettu groupaayi maari. 2005-ll, sojin bosco maarengoyile aanava sambushteekarana plaant ettedukkukayum, 2012-ll, 1986 vare plutonium-malinamaaya kayyurakal sambharikkaan upayogichirunna boxukal anuvimukthamaakkunnathini kambani moonnu varshathe paripadi aarambikkukayum cheythu. aanava saittukalude saamoohika, paaristhithika, saankethika vashangalude swatantra nireekshanamaayi 2014-ll "phontasion perr loow swilappo sostenibile" (susthira vikasanathinulla adithara) upayogichu aanava chakram () avasaanippikkunnathinaayi sojin nireekshanaalayam aarambhichu. 2019 oode itaaliyan aanava nilayangal poornnamaayum nirthalaakkaan sogine aadyam chumathalappeduthiyirunne task poortthiyaakunnathinu munbu 2036 aakaanaan saadhyatha.
nirthalaakkal pravartthanam.
corso, garrigliano, lattina, trino ennividangalilaayi sthithicheyyunna naalu aanavorja nilayangal nirthalaakkunnathinum bosco marengo, kasashya, rottendella, salooggia ennividangalile pravarthanangalkkum sogin utharavaadiyaanu. 2001ll sammathicha eee prakriyayil, pradesham saadhaarana upayogathilekku thirike konduvaraan kazhiyumenna lakshyathode saittinte chittayaya maalinya nirmarjanavum nirmmanavum ulppedunnu. oru protective storeju licensinu keezhil nadathunna oru pree-decommission ghattathodeyaanu thudakkathil jolie aarambhikkunnath, avide plaant pravartthanam nirtthunnu, pakshe plaant polichuneekkaan oru nadapadiyum sweekarikkunnilla. 1982 muthal pravartthikkaattha eee plaant garriglianoyude utharavaaditham sogin etteduthappol eee ghattam poortthiyaakukayaayirunnu. soginte niyanthranatthilulla ezhu saittukalum eee prakriyayude eee ghattathiloodeyaanu kadannupoyathu.
sogin eee jolie poortthiyaakkiya sesham, saitt anuvimukthamakkukayum nirmmikkukayum cheiyunnu. radio active meteeriyalukalkkoppam aasbattos insulation ulppedeyulla mattu apakadakaramaaya maalinyangalum shradhaapoorvvam kaikaaryam cheyyendathundu. ithinu valareyadhikam samayamedukkum; udaaharanathinu, garriglianoyil, turbine kettidatthil ninnu aasbattos neekkam cheiyunnathu 2007 oode poortthiyaayi, ennittum reactor kettidatthinte poornnamaaya maalinya nirmmarjanam 2010 vare poorthiyaayittilla. orikkal maathrame athu malinamakkiyaal metteeriyal surakshithamaayi neekkam cheyyaan kazhiyoo. eee ghattam poorthiyaayikkazhinjaal, muzhuvan saittum polichuneekkaan sarkkar licenses abhyarthikkunnu. ellah kettidangalum neekkam cheiyunnathum nilam malineekarikkunnathum ulppede poornnamaaya nirthalaakkal thudarnnu. mothatthil, oru dasalaksham tanniladhikam vasthukkal nirthalaakkal prakriyayil ninnu veendedukkumennu prathekshikkunnu, athil 95 sathamaanavum radio active allaathathaan.
eee prakriyaykku pathittaandukal eduthekkaam, motham nirthalaakkal samayathinte kanakkukal garriglianoic 27 varsham muthal corsoic trinoic 32 varsham vare vyathyaasappedunnu. saitt kaimaarumbozhekkum garriglianoyude motham bill $432.4 dashalakshathilethumennu pratheekshikkunnathinaal chelavukal samaanamaayi uyarnnathaan. bosco maarengoyile indhana sambushteekarana saittaan aadyam nirthalaakkaan thudangiyathu. 2008ll aarambhicha eee prakriya 2021 desember 31nuu poortthiyaayi. poornnamaayi nirthalaakkaan anumathi nediya aadyathe aanavorja nilayam trinoyilaayirunnu, 2012 august 2nuu saambathika vikasana mantraalayam utharavukal purappeduvichu. thudarnnu septambar 26nuu garrigliano nirthalaakkaan adhikaarappeduthiya oru utharavum vannu. 2014 januvariyilum desemberilum yathaakramam corsoic lattinaykkum licenses nalki.
deseeya shekharam.
2008 septambaril, ellah aanava malinyangalkkumulla oru kendra shekharathekkurichu itaaliyan sarkkarinullil oru unnathala charcha nadannu. ithu 2010ll aanavamaalinyangal sambharikkunnathinulla uparithala sthalam kandethunnathinulla utharavaaditham soginu nalkunnathilekku nayichu. kuranjathum idatharavumaaya maalinyangal sthiramaayi sambharikkunnathinum uyarnna alavilulla maalinyangal thaalkkaalikamaayi sambharikkunnathinumulla enchiniyaring thadassangalum prakrithidatha thadassangalumulla oru gadanayaayi eee shekharam sogin pravachichu. ithil 60 sathamaanavum nirthalaakkiya plaantukalil ninnu varumennu sogin pravachichu. bakkiyullava innuvare uthppaadippikkappedunna maalinyangalum adutha 50 varshathinullil uthppaadippikkappedum kanakkaakkappedunna maalinyangalum shaasthreeya gaveshanam, medical, vyaavasaayika prayogangal ennivayil ninnu varum. shekharanashaala srishtikkunnathu sogin athinte nirthalaakkal samayaparidhi kaivarikkunnathinu nirnayakamaaya oru aavashyamaayirunnu.
samoohathinu saambathika nettangal nalkunna gaveshana laabukalum sogin nalkunna nashtaparihaaratthinte nerittulla adavum ulkkollunna oru teknolaji parkkil shekharam sthaapikkendathaayirunnu. ennittum, oru shekharathinaayulla thirachil budhimuttaanennu thelinju. 2003 novemberil scansano jonikoyude uppu khanikal aadyamaayi thiranjedutthappol, athu abhoothapoorvamaaya prathishedhatthinu kaaranamaayi, 150,000-thiladhikam aalukal eee theerumaanathinethire prathishedhikkukayum thamasakkaar roadukal thadayukayum bisinasukal adachupoottukayum cheythu. ithu eee pradeshathe aanava niraayudheekritha mekhalayaayi prakhyaapikkunnathilekk nerittu praadeshika kaunsililekku nayichu. oru shaasthranjarude paanalinte avalokanathinu sesham maathrame bhaaviyile eathenkilum saitt manthrisabhaykk amgeekarikkaan kazhiyoo ennu urappakkaanulla sramathilaanu deseeya niyamanirmmaanathil thudarnnulla mattangal varuthiyathu. 2012ll itaaliyan paarlament ellah aanava maalinyangalum shekharathil sookshikkumennu soochippikkunna oru niyamam pasaki. ennirunnaalum, thudarchayaaya vivaadangalum oru sthalam kandethunnathile purogathiyude abhavavum ardhamaakkunnathu, pakaram, maalinyangal pradhaanamaayum anu soukaryangalil thanne samskarikkappedaatha roopathilaanu sambharikkunnath. ithu oru shaashwatha parihaaramaayi maarumennu bhayappedunna ayal samoohangalilum ithu janapreeti nediyittilla.
anthaaraashtra pravartthanangal.
rajyath deerghakaala pariharam kandethanulla budhimuttinte anantharafalamaayi, maalinya vasthukkal videshathekku, pradhaanamaayum fransilekkum ukeyilekkum ayachu. thudakkathil, 2005 vare, yukeyil bii. enn. eph. ellilekku kayattumathi cheythirunnu. 2006 novemberil itaaliyan, franch sarkkarukal chelavazhicha indhanam francilake kaimaran sammathichu, ithu 2007 eprilil sogin avayumaayi oru karar oppidunnathilekku nayichu. eee kararinu keezhilulla aadyathe kayattumathi, corso aanavorja nilayathil ninnulla indhanam 2010 juunil poortthiyaayi. 2015 ll, javisumaayi samanamaaya oru karaaril sogin oppuvachu (javis (jadrova eiii viragovasia spolosnosh), slovac aanava nirthalaakkal kambaniyaaya javis, javis (javis eiii viragovasia spolosnosh), javis avarude saittil samskarikkunnathinaayi maalinyangal ayaykkunnathinu jaslovsk bohunisile. aanava maalinyangalude sambharanam ulkkollunna, chelavazhicha aanava indhanathinum uyarnna thothilulla maalinyangalkkumayi aazhathilulla bhoomishaasthraparamaaya shekharam vikasippikkunnathinulla sahakaranm ulppede, 2016 ll check republicile radio active vesttu reposityri athorittiyumaayi (ravra) sogin oru karaaril oppuvachu.
itaaliyan aanava nilayangal nirthalaakkunnathinte pradhana bisinasinoppam, paristhithi pariharam, radio active maalinya maanejment, aanava suraksha ennivayil anthaaraashtra kansalttansi ettedukkunnu. bulgariayile mettsamor, beleen, koslodu, check republicile ducovani, temelin, fraansile phenix, kasaakhsthaanile akttau, lithwaniayile ignalina, romaniayile sernavoda, russiayile beloyarsk, bilibino, kalinin, koola, slovakiayile bohunis, mochovs, ukrainile khemelnitski, rivne ennividangalil kambani padhathikal etteduthittundu. russiayude aanava niraayudheekaranathe pinthunaykkunnathinum thwarithappeduthunnathinu 2002ll kaananaaskisil nadanna jii8 uchakodiyil aarambhicha jii8 glocal pankaalittha padhathiyil sogin sajeevamaayi earppettittundu. 2005 august 3 nuu russian aanava antharvaahinikal thakarkkunnathinaayi kambaniykkaayi soginum vyavasaya manthraalayavum thammil oru karar oppuvachu. 2011ll vitharanam cheytha "rositta" enna prathyeka kappal nirmmikkendathu eee padhathikku aavashyamaayirunnu.
2014ll chainayile oru plaantinte aanava indhana shekharathil ninnu bhagangal neekkam cheiyunnathinaayi chaina general nuclear power grouppumaayi (sii. jii. enn) sogin oru karaaril oppuvachu. aanava nirmaarjanathil vaidagdhyam pankidunna kambanikalkkum chainayil radio active maalinyangalum upayogicha indhanavum kaikaaryam cheiyunnathinulla nayangalilum thanthrangalilum sahakarikkunnathinum karar vaathil thurannu. italiyile radio active maalinyangal kuraykkunnathinum samskarikkunnathinum contitioning cheiyunnathinumulla oru noothana prakriyayekkurichulla samyuktha padanamaanu aadya padhathikalil onnu.

