
southu pensylvania railway

pathonpathaam noottaandil nirddeshikkappetta, ennaal orikkalum poortthiyaakaattha, pensylvania railwake nalkia peraanu southu pensylvania railway. randaamathe southu pensylvania reyilveyude vazhiyude bhagangal 1940 ll pensylvania tenpaikkinaayi veendum upayogichu.
prarambha pramoshanukal.
aadyathe southu pensylvania railway 1854 meyy 5 nuu dankaanon, landisburg, broad topp railway kambani ennee perukalil charter cheyyappettu. athinte uddeshicha root dangaanonil aarambhich landisburghiloode kadannupokukayum cabinukal kathikkukayum vishalamaaya parvatha kalkkarippaadangaliloode juniyatta nadiyil avasaanikkukayum cheythu. 1855 meyy 5 nuu shermans vaali aandu broad topp railway kambani ennu punarnaamakaranam cheyyappedukayum pensylvania reyilveyumaayi bandhippikkunnathinaayi aasootritha kizhakkan terminus dankaanonil ninnu maarisvilleykaduthu perry kaundiyile fishing kreekkinte mukhathekku maattukayum cheythu. 1857 meyy 12-nuu chaarttarile mattoru bhedagathi, algheni porteju reyilveyumaayum pittsburg, connelsville reyilveyumaayum bandhippikkaan anuvadichu. eee samayathaan nirddishta paathayude rund mile yadhaarthathil tharamthirichathu. 1859 march 31 nuu, merii landilake virjeeniyayilekkum vyaapippikkanulla avakashamulla pensylvania pasaphik railway kambaniyude mahathaaya peru ithinu nalki. 1863 epril 1 nuu ithine southu pensylvania railway kambani ennu punarnaamakaranam cheythu. maarisvilleyil ninnu vestt nyoottan (yoogiyogeni nadiyil) vareyulla 200 mile (322 kilometer) line padhathikal ulppede kadutha pramoshan undaayirunnittum, thudarnnulla jolikalonnum poorthiyaayittilla. 1872ll rund mile (3 kilometer) grading vilkkukayum 1879 meyy 31nuu charter nishkriyamaavukayum cheythu.
vaandarbilt syndicate.
newyork central aandu pensylvania railway malsaram.
1880kalil newyork central railroad pensylvania railroad thammilulla rund pradhana kizhakkan railroad samvidaanangal thammilulla yudhathil oru aayudhamaayi pravarthanarahithamaaya southu pensylvania reyilrodinte upayogikkaatha charter punarujjeevippikkappedu. vilyam echu. newyork central niyanthrichirunna vaandarbilt, newyork, vestt shoar, pothu railway ennivayude niyanthranam pensylvania nediyathaayi manassilakki newyork nagaratthinum potthum thammilulla newyork centralinte paathaykk samaantharamaayi puthuthayi nirmmicha oru railway. padinjaaran theerathe padhathiye newyork central pradeshathekkulla pensylvania railway kadannukayattamaayum pradeshathe kendratthinte aadhipathyathin bheeshaniyaayum vaandarbilt kandu.
pittsburgilum padinjaaran pensylvaniayilum pensylvania reyilrodinte charakk kuthaka takarkkaan aakamkshayulla andrew karnegi, henry clay frick ennivarulppedeyulla pittsburg muthalaalikalumaayi vaandarbilt thirichadikkaanaayi sakhyamundaakki. pittsburghine haarisbargumaayi bandhippikkunna algenikalkku kuruke oru puthiya mainline railway nirmmikkunnathinum dhanasahayam nalkunnathinum mattu nikshepakarum pittsburgezhsum mattu nikshepakarum chernnu oru syndicate roopeekarichu, koodaathe philadelphiayumaayum reeding reyilveyumaayum samyukthamaayi pravartthikkukayum kizhakkan theerathekku oru root roopeekarikkukayum cheyyum. reyilveyude nirmmaanam aarambhikkunnathin southu pensylvania reyilrodinte deerghakaala sajeevamaaya charter group athinte vaahanamaayi upayogichu.
vazhiyil.
reyilveyude puthiya root 1881 ll aarambhich sarway cheyyukayum taamasiyaathe nirmmaanam aarambikkukayum cheythu. 1840-kalil yuu. esile kenal chaals shaatlar aadyamaayi sarway nadatthiya vinyaasam.ezz. enchineeyarmaarude sainika corps, pinneedu pensilvaaniyayilekkulla saadhyamaaya paathayaayi pirichuvidukayum thekkan pensylvaniayile appalechiyanmaarude nattellu kadakkukayum cheythu. ithu harrisburghine portt perriyile pittsburg, lake erii railroad ennivayumaayi bandhippichu.
aarr parvathanirakal kadannu onpathu thurankangal aavasyamullathum niravadhi valavukalum kuthaneyulla gradeukalum ulkkollunnathumaaya thekkan pensylvaniayude "thekkan root" oru vanchanaaparamaayirunnu. thurankangal thurathunnathinum parvathangaliloode paathayude bhagam tharamthirikkunnathinum ganyamaaya pravartthanangal nadathiyathode 1885 vare nirmmaanam thudarnnu. ennaal, chelavukal vardhichathode, vaandarbilttin randaamathoru chinthayundakaan thudangi, koodaathe thante syndicate pankaalikal nadatthiya nikshepangal samrakshikkunna manoharamaaya oru maarggam thedaanum thudangi. addeham pensylvania oru vedinirthal karar vangalum nirddeshichenkilum pensylvaniayude president jorjju roberts addehathinte vila vahikkaan visammathichu.
jolie nirtthal.
banker jeey. pii. newyork centralinte pradhana banker vaandarbilt sakhyakakshiyumaaya morgan krooramaaya malsarathinte saambathika prathyaaghaathangalekkurich aashankaakulanaayirunnu. newyork central vestt shoar railway vaangukayum southu pensylvaniayile nirmmaanam nirthukayum (haarisburgile suskwehana nadikku mukalilulla oru paalam ulppede) athinte raitt oof way pensylvaniaykku wilkan sammathikkukayum cheytha oru karar addeham madhyasthathayil nadatthi. ennirunnaalum, niyamaparamaaya nadapadikal pensylvania laininte niyanthranam ettedukkunnathil ninnu thadanju, thekkan pensylvania ekadesham 20 varshatholam anishchithathvathilaayirunnu. ithinidayil, kwemahoning thurankam ulppede rund hraswa vibhagangal pinneedu praadeshika short line reyilvekalkkaayi (pittsburg, westmoreland, somerset railway ennivayil) upayogichuvenkilum poortthiyaakaattha niravadhi thurankangal ulppede laininte bhooribhaagavum upayogashoonyamaayi. ithu oduvil "vaandarbilttinte vidditham" ennariyappettu.
1893-ll, eee roottil charter avakashangalulla pensylvania reyilveyude anubandha sthaapanamaaya thekkan pensylvania railway, southu pensylvania gradinte oru bhagam ettedukkunnathinaayi kodathi nadapadikal aarambhichu. 1895-ll ithu moundu dallaasinte kizhakk grade enna padavi nedi. aaa varsham eee roottil oru cheria survey attakuttappanikalum nadannengilum athu orikkalum upayogichilla, 1938 ll grade pensylvania tenpaikku commission vittu.
1904-ll baltimore & ohiyo railway moundu dallasinu padinjaaru southu pensylvania grade vaangi, athu fulttan, bedford, somerset railway ennee perukalil samghadippichu. vazhiyude valathuvashath oru railway nirmmichittilla, athu tenpaikku commission vittu.
karnegi mattullavarum edapedukayum connelsville, brounsville vazhi veelingilekku pookaanulla yadhaartha vinyaasam upekshikkaan wanderbiltine prerippikkukayum cheiyunnathuvare pittsburg yadhaarthathil oru branch lainayirunnu. maappukal, kathukal, turanka roopakalppana ulppedeyulla mattu rekhakal enniva haarisburgile samsthaana aarkkaivukalil pothujanangalkkayi thurannirikkunnu.
pensylvania tenpaikku.
pensilvaaniyayiludaneelam oru superhiway nirmmikkaan padhathikal thayyarakkiya mahaamaandyakaalathu eee paatha punarujjeevippikkappedu. 1937ll puthiya pensylvania tenpaikku kammeeshan rund reyilveyil ninnu pazhaya line vaangukayum 1938ll carlisilinum irvinum idayil nirmmaanam aarambikkukayum cheythu. southu pensylvania railway projakttile rund thozhilaallikalum (oru kararukaranum oru thozhilaalliyum) nirmmaanatthil 54 varshathe samaya vyathyasam undaayirunnittum tenpaikkil jolie cheythu.
reyilveyude onpathu thurankangalil aarr ennam upayogichu 1940 octoberil tenpaikkinte yadhaartha root thurannu (thudarnnulla root punarvinyaasam eee thurankangalil chilath upekshikkaan kaaranamaayi), athesamayam yadhaartha algheni parvatha thurankam gadanaaparamaaya aashankakal kaaranam upayogichilla, 1880 muthal enchineeyaringile purogathi bipassukal anuvadichathinaal kwemahoning thurankavum neegro parvatha thurankavum marikadannu. ennirunnaalum, haiway enchineeyarmaar reyilveyude mattu gradingukalil bhooribhaagavum upayogichilla, kaaranam avarkk steepar gradeukalum hrasvamaaya vinyaasangalum thangaan kazhiyum. ekkaaranathaal, "pretha railway" yude avashishtangal ippozhum ellah algenikalkkidayilum kandethaam.