
khalaj janatha

pradhaanamaayum iraanil thamasikkunna oru turkey vamseeya vibhagamaanu khalaj (bactrian χαλασσ "xalass";).
iraanil, avaril bhooribhaagavum pershyan bhaashayilullavaraanenkilum avar ippozhum khalaj bhasha samsaarikkunnu. 
padavyuthpathishaasthram.
bhaashaashaasthranjanaaya gerhard dorferude abhipraayathil, mahmoud alle-kashgari thante "diwan lughath alle-turke" enna kruthiyil khalaj janataye paraamarshicha aadya vyakthiyaana
pala madhyakala turkeek bhaashaabhedangalilum saadhaaranamaaya prothettik * echu-muthal * kyu-vareyulla shabda maattam kaaranam * hallackil ninnaan * kalak sambhavichathenn thurkkolajist yoori suvev prasthaavichu, koodaathe "aalaa", "alak", "alaka", "motley, pybald" ennivayilekku "halakkinte" padavyuthpatthi kandethi.
ennirunnaalum, charithrakaaran vii. cheria perukalil, perinte purathana turkey roopam yadhaarthathil "kalaj" (allengil "kalas") aayirunnu, ennaal arabi srothassukalil ("kalaj"> "salaj") turkeek/q// x/aayi maari. minersky koottichertthu "kalajinu" samanthara roopamaaya "* kalajinu" undakam."eee vaakk pashthoonil" "ğaljī" "enna padatthil ninnu uthbhavichu, ithu gasni, kalathi gilji ennivaye kendreekarichulla pashthoon gilji gothrathinu upayogichirunnu".
uthbhavam.
alle-khwaarismiyethudarnnu, khalaj hefthalight konfedarasiyude avashishtangalaanennu joseph markwart avakashappettu. hephthalaittukal intho-iranian aayirikkam, ennirunnaalum avar turkish gavujil ninnullavaraanenna kaazhchappaad "nilavil ettavum pradhaanamaanennu thonnunnu". khalaj yadhaarthathil turkey samsaarikkunnavaraayirikkam, madhyakaalakhattathil iranian pashto samsaarikkunna gothrangalumaayi maathrame federated cheythittulloo. 
ennirunnaalum, bhaashaashaasthranjanaaya sims-vilyamsinte abhipraayathil, charithrakaaran vii. aarr. aarr. aarr. aarr. aarr. aarr. aarr. aarr. aarr. aarr. aarr. aarr. aarr. aarr. aarr. aarr. aarr. aarr. aarr. aarr. aarr. aarr. aarr. aarr. aarr. aarr. aarr. aarr. aarr. aarr. aarr. aarr. aarr. aarr. aarr. aarr. aarr. aarr. aarr. aarr. aarr. aarr. aarr. aarr. aarr. aarr. aarr. aarr. aarr. aarr. aarr. aarr. aarr. aarr. aarr. aarr. aarr. aarr. aarr. aarr. aarr. aarr. aarr. aarr. aarr. aarr. aarr. aarr. aarr. aarr. aarr. aarr. aarr. aarr. aarr. aarr. aarr. aarr. aaa cheriyavar, khalaj "orupakshe hefthalaittukalumaayi raashtreeyamaayi maathrame bandhappettirunnulloo."
padinjaaran thurkkiyudeyum turgesh khagaanettukaludeyum thakarchaykku sesham swaathanthryam veendedukkunnathinu munbu turgeshinu (turkishi) purame paraamarshichirikkunna khalaj pinneedu padinjaaran turkey khagaanettil helushi (<unk>) aayi samyojippichirikkam. pathinonnam noottaandil seljukh thurkkikalude adhiniveshathode khalaj janathayude samghangal pershyayilekku kudiyeri. avide ninnu avaril oru shaakha azarbaijan mekhalayilekku kudiyeri, avide avar avarude bhashayil kooduthal oghusu swaadheenam cheluthiyathaayi karuthappedunnu. ennirunnaalum, innu iranian asarbaijaanikalil khalaj valare kuravaanu. thimoorinte kaalathinu (1336-1405) thottumunbu, khalaajinte oru shaakha markasi pravishyayile sevinte thekkupadinjaaran pradeshathekku kudiyeri, avideyaanu innu khalaajinte oru valia shaakha sthithicheyyunnathu. ennirunnaalum, innu, khalaj janatha avarude praadeshika turkey bhasha samsaarikkunnundenkum pershyakkaraayi thirichariyunnu. irupathaam noottaandinte madhyathil aarambhicha pershyanvalkkarana prakriyakalkkaan ithu kaaranam.
kaarlookkukalum, praayapoorthiyaakaathavarum, svarnnarumaayavarumaayulla avarude bandhathekkurichu charcha cheythappol, khalajum kaarlookkukalum palappozhum madhyakala musleem ezhuthukaar aashayakkuzhappathilaayirunnum avarude perukal arabiyil eathaandu samaanamaayi pakartthiyirunnuvennum addeham abhiprayappettu. ennirunnaalum, kitab alle-masalik vall-maamaalikkinte ezhuthukaaran ibnu khordadbeh khalajukale kaarlookkukalil ninnu verthirichu, ennirunnaalum rund grouppukalum thaalangalude sir daryaykku appurathaanu jeevichathennu addeham paraamarshichu; mohammed ibnu najeeb bakran thante "jihan-naama" (c. 1200-20) "abadhathil (rekhaamoolam) aalukal khallookhine" khalaj "ennu vilichu."
ilkhaanettinte raashtrathanthranjanum charitrakaaranumaaya rashid-alle-dhiin hamadani thante pathinalam noottaandile 'jaami alle-thavaarikh' enna kruthiyil khalaj gothrathe oghusu (turkmen) janathayude bhaagamaayi paraamarsikkunnu
charithram.
onpathaam-patthaam noottaandile bhoomishaasthranjaraaya ibnu khordadbeh, isthaakhri ennivarulppedeyulla madhyakala muslim pandithanmaar, madhya eshyayil ninnu amu darya kadannu innathe afgaanisthaante chila bhaagangalil, prathyekichu gasni, kalathi gilji (kalathi khalji ennum ariyappedunnu), sabulistan pradeshangal ennividangalil sthirathaamasamaakkiya aadyakaala gothrangalilonnaan khalaj ennu vivarichu. isthaakhri parayunnathanusarichu, "purathana kaalath alle-hindinu edayilullathum alle-ghurinu pinnilullathumaaya oru tharatthilulla thurkkikalaanu khalaj". patthaam noottaandinte madhyathil "hudud alle-aalam" enna pusthakam khalajine gazaniyilum chuttumulla jillakalilum kaalaanusrithamaaya mechilppurangaliloode alanjuthiriyunna sheelamulla aadukale meyikkunna naadodikalaayi visheshippichu.
alle-utbi ezhuthiya pathinonnam noottaandile "taarikh yamini" enna pusthakatthil, 988-ll gasnavid ameer sabuktigin hindu shahi bharanadhikaariyaaya jayapala paraajayappedutthiyappol, lakhmaanum peshavar thammilulla khalajum pashthoonukalum (afghan) addeham keezhadakkiya pradesham keezhadangukayum addehathe sevikkaan sammathikkukayum cheythathayi prasthaavikkunnu. thokharisthaanilekkulla thante paryavekshanam ulppedeyulla sainika vijayangalil pankedukkaan gasniyile gasnavid sultan mahmoud (999-1030) khalaj, pashthoon gothravargakkaare ganyamaaya thothil recruit cheythathayi alle-utbi paranju. khalaaj pinneedu gasniyile (1030-1040) mahmudinte makan sultan masood onnaamanethire kalapam nadatthi, avar avarude keezhadangal nedunnathinaayi oru shiksha paryaveshanatthe ayachu. 1197ll, gharile gurid sultan muhammadinte sainyathile helmondile garsiril ninnulla khalaj generalaya mohammed biinn bakhthiyaar khaalji indiayile bihar pidichedukkukayum thudarnnu bangaalile khalji raajavamshathin (1204-1227) thudakkam kurikkunna bangal bharanadhikaariyaakukayum cheythu. khwaaresmiyayile mangolian adhinivesha samayat, niravadhi khalajukalum turcomenmaarum peshavaaril othukoodukayum oru khalaj aayirikkavunna saif alle-dhiin ihraakhinte sainyathil cherukayum cheythu. eee sainyam gasniyile cheria rajaavaaya radhi alle-mulkkine paraajayappeduthi. avasaanathe khwaaraasmiyan bharanadhikaariyaaya jalal adhu-dhiin mingbarnuvine mangoliyar hindu kushilek palayanam cheyyaan nirbandhichu. igraakhinte sainyavum mattu pala khalajum mattu gothravargakkaarum jalal adhu-dinte khwaarasmiyan sainyathil cherukayum 1221 leeii parwan yudhathil mongolearch dayaneeya parajayam nalkukayum cheythu. ennirunnaalum, vijayathin sesham, sainyathile khalaaj, turkens, ghorikal ennivar kavarchayecholli khwaarasmiyanmaarumaayi tharkkichu, oduvil pooyi, taamasiyaathe jalal adhu-dine chenkis khaan paraajayappeduthi. igrak peshavaarilekku madangiyenkilum pinneedu mangol sainyavibhagangal jalal adhu-dine upekshichirunna 1,000 sakthamaaya khalaj, turkman, ghori gothrakkar ennivare paraajayappeduthi. eee gothrakkaaril chilar multaanilekku rakshappedukayum dalhi sulthaanettinte sainyathilekku niyamikkappedukayum cheythu. khalathi khaljiyil ninnulla khalaj gothrathilppetta jalal-udh-dhiin khalji (1290-1296) khalji rajavamsham sthaapikkukayum athu maamlukkukale maattisthaapikkukayum dalhi sulthaanettu bharikkunna randaamathe raajavamshamaayi maarukayum cheythu. charitrakaaranaaya athaa-malik juvaayani ezhuthiya 13-aamm noottaandile "taarikh-iii-jahangushay", innathe turkmenistanile mervilekku ayacha shikshaanadapadiyil pankedukkaan mangoliyar "gasniyudeyum pashthoonukaludeyum khalaj" ulppedunna oru nikuthi samaharichathaayi vivarikkunnu.
afghan khalaajinte parivartthanam.
gasnaveedukal (977-1186) ulppede niravadhi praadeshika raajavamshangalude sainyathil pashthoon gothrangalkoppam khalajinekkurichu chilappol paraamarshikkappettirunnu. gasni, kalathi gilji mekhalayile khalajil palathum praadeshika pashto samsaarikkunna janasamkhyayil swaamsheekarikkappedukayum avar orupakshe pashthoon gilji gothratthinte kaathalaayitheerukayum cheythu. avar praadeshika pashthoonukalumaayi vivaahitharaakukayum avarude aachaarangalum samskaaravum aachaarangalum aachaarangalum sweekarikkukayum avarude aachaarangalum samskaaravum indiayilekku konduvarikayum avide avar bangaalile khalji rajavamshavum (<aii. dii. 2>) dalhiyile khalji rajavamshavum (<aii. dii. 1>) sthaapikkukayum cheythu. minersky abhiprayappettu "vaasthavathil, naadodi sheelangalude oru gothrathil athinte bhasha maattunnathil athisayakaramaaya onnum thanneyilla. mangoliyar thurkkikalkkidayil sthirathaamasamaakkiyathilum orupakshe kurdukalkkidayil thamasikkunna chila thurkkikalilum ithu sambhavichu."avarude bhasha maattavum pashthoonisavalkkaranavum kaaranam, dalhi sulthaanettile (1206-1526) turkey prabhukkanmaar khalaajukale pashthoonukalaayi (afghan) kanakkakki.
mangolian adhiniveshathinu thottumunbu, najeeb bakraante bhoomishaasthram "jahaan naama" (c. 1200-1220) khalaj gothram kadannupokunna parivartthanatthe vivarichu

