
alavans (enchiniyaring)

enchineeyaringilum mesheeningilum, oru krithyamaaya alavinum naamamaathramo saidhaanthikamo aaya alavinum edayilulla allengil oru intermediat-steju alavinum uddeshicha anthima alavinum edayilulla aasootritha vyathiyaanamaan alavans. oru nischitha alavilulla vyathyasam nashtaparihaaratthinteyo edapedalinteyo ariyappedunna chila gadakangale anuvadikkunnu ennathaanu ekeekritha amoortha ashayam. udaaharanathinu, thudarnnulla yanthram poortthiyaakkaan aavasyamaayathinaal adhika lohathinte oru pradesham avasheshichekkaam. saadhaarana kesukal chuvade pattikappedutthiyirikku. oru aadarshathil ninnulla "aasootritha" vyathiyanamaaya oru "alavans", pratheekshichathum ennaal aasoothrithamallaathathumaaya vyathiyaanangalkk kaaranamakunna "tolerance" ennathumaayi thaarathamyappeduthunnu.
adisthaanaparamaayi orumichu pravartthikkunna gadakangal thammilulla valippa vyathyaasamaan alavans. kootticherttha bhagangal thammilulla alavans valare pradhaanamaan. udaaharanathinu, oru kaarinte aaksiline oru bairingle pinthunaykkendathundu, allengil athu nilathu veezhum. axilum bairing thammil vidavu illaayirunnuvenkil dhaaraalam gharshanam undaakukayum kaar neekkaan budhimuttaavukayum cheyyum. valareyadhikam vidavu undengil achuthandu bairingle chaadum. achuthandum bairing thammilulla alavans shariyaakkendath pradhaanamaan, angane achuthandu nyaayeekarikkathe sugamamaayum eluppathilum karangunnu. 
alavans", "tolerance" ennee enchiniyaring aashayangale aashayakkuzhappathilaakkunnu.
palappozhum "alavans", "tolerance" ennee padangal thettayi upayogikkukayum enchiniyaring sandarbhangalil anuchithamayi parasparam maattukayum cheiyunnu. rund vaakkukalkkum saadhaaranayaayi anumathi enna amoortha ashayavumaayi bandhappedaan kazhiyumennathaanu kaaranam-athaayath sveekaaryamaayathinte paridhi. ennirunnaalum, enchineeyaringil, chuvade vishadeekarichirikkunnathu prathyeka ardhangal nadappilaakkunnu.
neremarichu, 
udaaharanam.
sahishnutha enna aashayathinte oru udaaharanam oru yanthrathinte shaaft krithyamaayi 10 millimeter vyaasamullathayirikkanam 10 millimeter ennathu "naamamaatra" alavaanu. yanthram roopakalppana cheiyunna enchineeyarkku ariyaam, vaasthavathil, anthima vyaasam uthppaadippikkunna grinding pravartthanam oru cheria, ennaal ozhivaakkaanaavaatha kramarahithamaya pishak konduvannekkaam. athinaal, enchineeyar ± 0.01 millimeter ("plus-oor-mainus" 0.01 millimeter) sahishnutha vyakthamaakkunnu.
grinding mesheen oopparettarkku 9.99 millimeterinum <aii. dii. 1> millimeterinum idayil yadhaartha vyaasamulla oru shaaft nirmmikkaan kazhiyunnidatholam kaalam, shaaft sveekaaryamaanu. oru prakriyayil athramaathram pishakukal pravachikkanaakumennum ethra eluppathil ozhivaakkaanaakumennum manassilakkuka; ethratholam ozhivaakkaanaavaathathaanu (allengil avaa ozhivakkaan saadhyamaanengilum nyaayeekarikkan valare chelaveriyathaanu); ethratholam yadhaarthathil sveekaaryamaanu ennathil ganyamaaya vidhi, buddhi, anubhavam enniva ulppedunnu.
eee shaaft praveshikkenda dwaaravumaayi bandhappett alavans enna aashayathinte oru udaaharanam kaanikkam. melpparanja shaaft athe sahishnuthayode 10 milleemettar ulla oru dwaarathilekku swathanthramaayi praveshikkumennu urappakkaan kazhiyillennu vyakthamaan. yadhaartha shaafttinte vyaasam 9.99 millimeterum yadhaartha dwaarathinte vyaasam 10.01 millimeterumaanenkil athu sambhavikkam, ennaal neremarichu yadhaartha shaafttinte vyaasam 10.01 millimeterum yadhaartha dwaarathinte vyaasam 9.99 millimeterumaanenkil athu sambhavikkilla.
sahishnutha kanakkileduthu", shaftinum athinte dwaarathinum idayil mathiyaya clearance undaakumenn urappakkaan, nirddishta alavukalil "manappoorvvam" oru "alavans" avatharippikkunnu. ± 0.01 millimeter ("plus-oor-mainus" 0.01 millimeter) nirmmaana sahishnuthayode dwaarathinte vyaasam 10.03 mm aayi vyakthamaakkam. ithinartham sveekaaryamaaya ettavum cheria dwaarathinte vyaasam 10.02 mm aayirikkum, athesamayam sveekaaryamaaya ettavum valia shaaft vyaasam 10.01 mm aayirikkum, ithu 0.01 mm enna "alavans" avasheshikkunnu. dwaarathinum shaftinum edayilulla ettavum kuranja clearance 0.01 millimeter aayirikkum. shaafttum dwaaravum paramavadhi bhauthikaavasthayilaayirikkumo ithu sambhavikkunnath.

