columbia, california

american aikyanaadukalile kaaliforniyayile twoll kaundiyile siyara newada thaazhvarayil sthithicheyyunna oru sensus-niyukta sthalamaanu (sii. dii. pii) columbia. 1850ll kaaliforniyayile swarnna thirakkinide swarnam kandethiyappol oru boomtounaayi sthaapithamaaya ithu "thekkan khanikalil rathnangal" ennariyappettirunnu."
pathonpathaam noottaandile khanana pattanatthinte paarambaryam samrakshikkunna columbia samsthaana charitra paarkkinullilaan pattanatthinte charitraparamaaya kendra jilla. yuu.ezz. charitraparamaaya sthalangalude deseeya rajisttaril ulppedunna charitraparamaaya jilla oru deseeya charitraparamaaya naazhikakkallaan.
bhoomishaasthram.
sonoraykk vadakku 49-aamm samsthaana paathayilaanu columbia sthithi cheiyunnathu. 
yunaittad stetts sensus beuroyude kanakkanusarichu, sii. dii. pii. yude motham vistheernnam. motham pradeshatthinte <aii. dii. 1> maathramaan vellathaal moodappettirikkunnathu.
kaalavastha.
eee pradeshathu sharashari prathimasa thaapanila 90.1 digri fahrenheatinu (32.3 digri selshyas) mukalilallaatha choodullathum varandathumaaya venalkkaalam anubhavappedunnu. koppen kalavastha vargeekarana samvidaanam anusarichu, kalavastha bhoopadangalil "sii. ezz. bii" ennu churukkipparayunna oru choodulla-venalkkaala medittareniyan kaalavasthayaanu kolambiyaykkullath.
charithram.
columbia mekhalayile yadhaartha thaddesheeya janatha mivokkaayirunnu.
revu. joonn steel gold rush yugathile thante kaalathekkurichum kolambiyayile "mii-vukkine"kkurichum "campilum cabinilum" enna thante ormmakkurippukalil ezhuthi.
kolambiyaykk sameepam swarnam kandethi aazhchakalkkullil aayirakkanakkin aalukal athukayum janasamkhya 5,000 aayi uyarukayum cheythu. 1852 aayappozhekkum 8 hotelukal, 4 baankukal, 17 general storukal, 2 pusthaka kadakal, 1 pathram, 3 pallikal, 40 ladhikam madyapaana/choothaatta sthaapanangal ennivayundaayirunnu. ennivayundaayirunnu 1900-kalude thudakkathinum idayil chuttumulla kunnukalil ninnu 87 dasalaksham dollar swarnam neekkam cheythu.
1851-ll, oru janapriya sthaapanamaaya praadeshika community brass baand, pattanatthile aadyathe "vellakkariyaaya sthreeyude" varavu swaagatham cheythu. kolambiyayil oru boot hill ulppede anchu smashaanangal undaayirunnu, avide adayaalangalillaathe shavakudeerangal nirmmichirunnu.
1854ll kolambiyayile aadyathe valia theepidittham nagaratthinte bhooribhaagavum nashippichu. sambannaraaya vyapaarikal irumbu nirmmaana saamagrikal upayogichu ishtika upayogichu avarude bisinesses punarnirmikkaan thudangi, pattanatthinte backie bhagam maravum canvas upayogichu punarnirmmichu. 1857ll mattoru theepidutthatthil moonnu ishtika kettidangal ozhikeyulla mikkavarum ellaam katthi nashichu. 1860ll nirmmicha columbia ottamuri school house 1872ll naveekarikkukayum oduvil 1937ll adachupoottukayum cheythu. 1947ll california samsthaanam oru dollarinu ithu vaangukayum charitraparamaaya jilla parkkil ulppeduthukayum cheythu.
cheythu paashchaathya antology parambarayaaya "deth vaali days"-nte episode "11,000 khanithozhilaalikalkku thettaakaan kazhiyilla" anusarichu, 1854-ll sthiramaaya california samsthaana thalasthaanamaakaanulla shramathil columbia parajayappettu bahumanappetta kudiyettakkaaranaaya jiim hardwick svayam prathirodhatthinaayi oru vyakthiye konnathayi shereefine ariyikkumbol, hardwick vichaarana neridaan nirbandhithanaakunnu. azhimathikkaraaya jilla abhibhaashakan jooriye krithrimam kaanichathinaal hardwick kuttakkaaranaanennu kandethi. addehathinte abhibhaashakan eddu baarattum prathisrutha vadhuvum thante kakshiye thookkikkollunnayaalu chumalil ninnu mochippikkunnathinaayi oru vichithra padhathi vikasippikkunnu; athe jilla abhibhaashakante preranayode columbia thalasthaanamaakanamennu aagrahikkunna vyakthikalude 11,000 oppukalulla oru harji baarat praadeshika baankile oru sephil ninnu moshtikkukayum hardwickinu mapp aavasyappedunnathinaayi aadya peju mattiyezhuthukayum governorode abhyarthikkukayum cheiyunnu, avar palarum oppuvachathil mathippulavaakkunnu. govarnor hardwickinte mochanathinu utharavidunnu, pakshe sacramento thalasthaanamaayi. ennirunnaalum, parambarayude episodukal charitraparamaayi krithyathayekkaal "vasthuthaye adisthaanamaakkiyulla" aayirunnu.
1860 aayappozhekkum kolambiyayil khananam cheytha swarnam athivegam kurayukayaayirunnu. ente pakkal avasheshicha oreyoru bhoomi nagaratthilaayirunnu. khanithozhilaalikal kettidangalkk thaazhe kuzhichidukayum veedukal thakarkkukayum nagaratthinadiyilulla swarnam kandethukayum cheythu. eee pradeshathu chembu nikshepam kandethi, aduthulla pattanamaya coperopolis kuthichuchaattam anubavikkunnu. kolambiyayile takarnna kettidangalil ninnulla ishtikakal coperopolisil puthiya nirmmaanathinaayi vittu.
1862-ll, meksikkoyile puebla yuddham kazhinju divasangalkku sesham, columbia aadyathe audyogika sinco dii maayo aakhoshangalude sthalamaayirunnu. yunaittad stetsil sinco dii maayo aacharichathinte uthbhavathekkurich laattino aarogyavum samskaaravum padikkunnathinaayi ucla sentar prasidheekaricha oru prabandham anusarichu, meksikkoyile franch bharanathodulla prathirodhatthinu marupadiyaayi aadhunika american shradha aadyamaayi kolambiyayilaanu aarambhichath. "kaaliforniyayile gold kantri tounaaya kolambiyayil, meksikkan khanithozhilaalikal vaarthayil valareyadhikam santhoshichu, avar swamedhayaa raifil shottukalum vedikkettum prayogikkukayum desasneha ganangal alapikkukayum munkootty prasamgangal nadathukayum cheythu."
ekadesham 25,000 janasamkhyayulla columbia, athinte uchraayakaalathu, kaaliforniyayile anchaamathe valia nagaramaayirunnu, ennaal ippol ekadesham 2,000 aalukal maathramaan eee pradeshathu thaamasikkunnath. pala gold rush boomtounukalilum ninnu vyathyasthamayi columbia orikkalum oru prethanagaramaayi maariyilla. 1934ll puraavastu gaveshanathinte oru puthiya karar padhathikku keezhil sera (samsthaana adiyanthara durithaashwaasa bharanakoodam) yuu. esil 65 gaveshana pravartthakare niyamichu.sii. pazhaya pattanatthinte punarudhaaranatthinu aavashyamaaya vivarangal shekharikkunnathinaayi berkleyude baankroft library violile 56 adhika thozhilaallikalum. 1945ll california nagaratthile charitraparamaaya kettidangalude avashishtangalil ninnu columbia stettu historikkal paarkk srishtichu.
sandarshaka akarshanangal.
columbia samsthaana charitraparamaaya paarkkinte bhagamaaya charitraparamaaya jillayile kolambiyayude pradhana theruvu vahana gathaagathathinu adachittirikkunnu, ennaal kuthirakal, vandikal, cycleukal, kaalnadayaathrakkaar ennivare swaagatham cheiyunnu. 1800-kalil jala khanana sramangalil avasheshikkunna valia paarathottangalkku peruketta eee pradesham piknikkinum vishramikkunna nadathatthinum kudumbangalkkidayil valare janapriyamaan. swarnna-paan, mezhukuthiri-mungal, irumbu-monittaring, karakaushala vasthukkal thudangiya yuga prameya bisinasukalkkaanu purathana kettidangal paattatthinu nalkunnathu. phaalon house iscream parlor candy storum ulppede niravadhi bhakshanashaalakalund. manoharamaaya dominic kozhikalulla oru chikkan koopp pradhana theruvil oru maduramaaya pashchaathala shabdam nalkunnu. oru phees eedaakki kuthiravandi sawari cheiyunnathaanu pradhana aakarshanam. varsham muzhuvanum niravadhi paripaadikal nadakkunnu; juulai paredinteyum pioneerinteyum naalaamathe divasamaanu chila sradheyamaaya avasarangal. idaykkide praadeshika karakaushala vidagdhar pradhana theruvil boothukal sthaapikkaarundu. paarkkinte yuga prameyathinu vasthradhaaranam cheytha samsthaana paarkk jeevanakkarum kadayudamakalum vaaypa nalkunnu. picnic tableukal nagarakendrathiludaneelam sthithicheyyunnu. pattanatthil ninnu rund blokkukalilaayi sthithi cheiyunna school hausil ninnu oru cheria kaalnadayaathrayund. staatik eksibittikalodeyaanu school thurannirikkunnath. aduthulla rund camp groundukalil koodaarangalum motorhomeukalum, athupole saadhanangalkkaayi oru cheria pothu storum undu. nannayi sambharichirikkunna rund mithavyaya kadakal nadakkaan akaleyaan; onnu, naansiyude hoopp mithavyaya store, vimaanathaavalathin sameepam sthithicheyyukayum praadeshika kudumbangale sahayikkukayum cheiyunnu.
rund varshathe community kolejaaya columbia community koleju, venalkkaalath agnishamana vimaanangalude thirakkilulla oru ranveyulla columbia vimaanathaavalam (efaa designetar oo22) ennivayaanu eee pradeshathe mattu thaalpparya kendrangal.
ividuthe vaarshika columbia fayar masttar palappozhum kaaliforniyayile venalkkaala masttarukalil aadyathethaanu.
janasamkhyaashaasthram.
2010.
2010 leeii yunaittad stetts sensus prakaram kolambiyayile janasamkhya 2,297 aanu. kolambiyayude vamseeya ghadana 2,064 (89.9%) vella, 27 (1.2%) aafrikkan american, 26 (1.1%) thaddesheeya american, 29 (1.3%) eshyan, 1 (0.0%) pasaphik ailandar, 27 (1.2%) mattu vamshangalil ninnullavar, 123 (5.4%) rando athiladhikamo vamshangalil ninnullavar. eathenkilum vamshathile hyspanic allengil laattino 171 perr (7.4%) aayirunnu.
2, 226 perr (janasamkhyayude aii. dii. 1) veedukalil thaamasichirunnathaayum 71 perr (3.1%) sthaapanavalkkarikkappedaath group kwaarttezhsukalil thaamasichirunnathaayum 0 perr (0%) sthaapanavalkkarikkappettathu sensus report cheythu.
1002 kudumbangalil 243 (aii. dii. 1) ll 18 vayassinu thaazheyulla kuttikalundaayirunnu, 432 (aii. dii. 2) ethirlinga vivahitharaaya dambathikal orumichu thaamasichirunnu, 125 (aii. dii. 3) ll bharthaavillaatha oru sthree veettammayum 51 (5.1%) ll bhaaryayillaatha oru purusha veettammayum undaayirunnu. 53 (5.3%) avivahita ethirlinga pankaalitthangalum 4 (0.4%) swavargavivaahitha dambathikalum pankaalitthangalum undaayirunnu. 330 veedukalil (<aii. dii. 2>) vyakthikal ulppedunnu, koodaathe (<aii. dii. 1>) 65 vayaso athil kooduthalo praayamulla oraal ottaykku thaamasikkunnundaayirunnu. sharashari kudumba valuppam 2.22 aayirunnu. 608 kudumbangalundaayirunnu (ellah veedukalilum <aii. dii. 1>); sharashari kudumba valuppam 2.8 aayirunnu.
18 vayassinu thaazheyulla 470 perr (<aii. dii. 4>), 18 num 24 num idayil praayamulla 201 perr (8.8%), 25 num 44 num idayil praayamulla 406 perr (<aii. dii. 3>), 45 num 64 num idayil praayamulla 735 perr (<aii. dii. 2>), 65 vayaso athil kooduthalo praayamulla 485 perr (<aii. dii. 1>) ennivaradangiya janasamkhya vyaapichukidakkunnu. sharashari praayam 47.8 vayassayirunnu. oro 100 sthreekalkkum 97.3 purushanmaaraan undaayirunnathu. 18 vious athil kooduthalumulla oro 100 sthreekalkkum 92.9 purushanmaaraan undaayirunnathu.
sharashari saandrathayil 1,117 bhawana unitukalundaayirunnu, athil 661 ennam (66.0%) udamastharude kaivasavum 341 ennam (34.0%) vaadakakkaarude kaivashavumaayirunnu. veedu udamayude ozhivukalude nirakk 2.1 shathamaanamaayirunnu; vaadaka ozhivukalude nirakk 8.1 shathamaanamaayirunnu. 1, 389 perr (janasamkhyayude aii. dii. 1) udamastharude udamasthathayilulla bhawana unitukalilum 837 perr (aii. dii. 2) vaadaka bhawana unitukalilum thaamasichirunnu.
2000.
2000 sensus prakaram 2,405 perum 1,063 kudumbangalum 659 kudumbangalum sii. dii. piyil thaamasikkunnu. janasandrata undaayirunnu. sharashari saandrathayil 1,162 bhawana unitukalundaayirunnu. sii. dii. piyude vamseeya ghadana <aii. dii. 1>% velutha, <aii. dii. 4> aafrikkan american, <aii. dii. 3> thaddesheeya american, <aii. dii. 5> eshyan, <aii. dii. 6> pasaphik ailandar, <aii. dii. 5> mattu vamshangalil ninnullavar, <aii. dii. 2> rando athiladhikamo vamshangalil ninnullavar ennivayaayirunnu. eathoru vamshathileyum hyspanic allengil laattino janasamkhyayude <aii. dii. 1> aayirunnu.
1, 063 kudumbangalundaayirunnu, athil 18 vayassinu thaazheyulla kuttikalulla aii. dii. 2, vivahita dambathikal orumichu thamasikkunna aii. dii. 1, aii. dii. 4 enna kudumbatthil bharthaavillaatha oru sthree veettamma, aii. dii. 3 enna kudumbamallathavar ennivaraayirunnu. 29.7 sathamaanam kudumbangalum vyakthikal ulppettathaayirunnu, koodaathe 65 vayaso athil kooduthalo praayamulla oraal ottaykku thaamasikkunnundaayirunnu. sharashari kudumba valuppam 2.18 umm sharashari kudumba valuppam 2.65 umm aayirunnu.
sii. dii. piyil 18 vayassinu thaazheyullavarkk aii. dii. 2,18 muthal 24 vare praayamullavarkk aii. dii. 4,25 muthal 44 vare varunnavarkk aii. dii. 1,45 muthal 64 vare varunnavarkk aii. dii. 5,65 vayaso athil kooduthalo praayamullavarkk aii. dii. 3 enninganeyaanu janasamkhya. sharashari praayam 46 vayassayirunnu. oro 100 sthreekalkkum 89.1 purushanmaaraan undaayirunnathu. 18 vious athil kooduthalumulla oro 100 sthreekalkkum 88.4 purushanmaaraan undaayirunnathu.
sii. dii. piyile oru kudumbatthinte sharashari varumanam 29,173 dollar oru kudumbatthinte sharashari varumanam 35,000 dollarumaayirunnu. purushanmaarude sharashari varumanam 40,729 dollar sthreekalude sharashari varumanam 23,750 dollarumaayirunnu. sii. dii. piyude prathiseersha varumanam 18,731 dolaraayirunnu. 18 vayassinu thaazheyullavarude aii. dii. 2 umm 65 vayaso athil kooduthalo praayamullavarude 1.4 sathamaanavum ulppede ekadesham kudumbangalude aii. dii. 3 umm janasamkhyayude aii. dii. 1 umm daaridryarekhaykku thaazheyaayirunnu.
oru chithreekarana sthalamaayi.
kolambiyayil chithreekaricha nooriladhikam sinimakalilum television parambarakalilum chilath ivayaanu
sarkkar.
california samsthaana niyamanirmmanasabhayil columbia akathum akathumaanu.
american aikyanaadukalile house oof representativesilaanu columbia ullathu.
vimaanathaavalam.
nagaratthil ninnu ekadesham oru mile akaleyulla oru pothu vyomayaana airfieldaaya columbia airportil, california department oof forestry aandu fayar protection (call fayar) nadathunna oru eriyal firefighting eyar attaakk bays undu, ithu fixed-wing turboprop vimaanavum oru helikopttarum avide sthaapikkunnu.

