
robottukalude charithram

robottukalude charithratthinte uthbhavam purathana lokathaanu. vyaavasaayika viplavakaalath, yanthrangalkk cheria motorukal upayogichu pravarthippikkaan kazhiyunna vidhathil vaidyuthi niyanthrikkunnathinulla gadanaaparamaaya enchiniyaring sheshi manushyar vikasippichu. irupathaam noottaandinte thudakkathil oru humanoid mesheen enna ashayam vikasippikkappettu.
aadhunika robottukalude aadya upayogam faaktarikalilaayirunnu. manushyarude kuranja joliyode uthppaadanam anuvadikkunna jolikal nirmmikkaan kazhivulla sthira yanthrangalaayirunnu eee vyaavasaayika robottukal. 2000kall muthal artificial intalijansulla digital prograam cheytha vyaavasaayika robottukal nirmmikkappettittund.
aadyakaala aithihyangal.
krithrima daasanmaarudeyum koottaalikaludeyum ashayangal kuranjathu kaadmasinte purathana ithihaasangal vare pazhakkamullathaanu, avar draagan pallukal vithachathayi parayappedunnu, athu sainikaraayum pigmalianaayum maari, avarude gaalattiya prathima sajeevamaayi. greak devanaaya hephestus (romacarc valkkan) svarnnathil ninnu nirmmicha samsaarikkunna mechanical daasikal (purathana greeka (kaurai kraisai); "swarnna kanyakamaar") polulla krithrima manushyar niravadhi purathana puranangalil ulppedunnu.
buddha pandithanaaya davoxuan (596-667 AD) lohangalil ninnu nirmmicha humanoid automaattaye vivarichu, athu oru klosttaril pavitra grandhangal paarayanam cheiyunnu, athil oru athisayakaramaaya gadikaaram undu. buddha shaakyamuni marichappol "vilayeriya lohajanagal" karanju. madhya eshyan saamskaarika nayakanaaya rajaavaaya gesarinte ithihaasathilum humanoid ottomeshanukal undu.
itihaasa marappanikkaranaaya luu baninekkurichum thathwachinthakanaaya mosiyekkurichum aadyakaala chainees sidhaanthangal mrugangaludeyum bhoothangaludeyum yaanthrika anukaranangale vivarichu. humanoid ottomaattanukalude prathyaaghaathangal charcha cheythath oru classic aayi marria daavoyist grandhangalude samahaaramaaya lysiyil (naalam noottaand sii. iii) aanu. 5-aamm adhyaayathil shouvile king muu padinjaaru paryadanatthilaanu, karakaushala vidagthanaaya maasttar yaan sheod "ningalkk enthucheyyaan kazhiyum?"raajasabhaykk oru krithrima manushyane sammaanikkunnu. automation oru manushyanil ninnu verthirichariyaan kazhiyaathathum rajaavinum addehathinte parivaaratthinum vendi vividha thanthrangal avatharippikkunnathumaayinnu. ennaal automation hajarakunna sthreekalumaayi pranayathilaavukayum automation nadappilaakkumennu bheeshanippeduthukayum cheythappol rajaavu roshakulanaayi. athinaal karakaushala vidagthan automation murichu krithrima manushyante aantharika pravartthanangal velippeduthi. vividha avayavangal polulla gadakangal neekkam cheythukondu automationte pravarthanaparamaaya paraspara aashrithathvathekkurich rajaavu aakarshikkappedukayum pareekshanangal nadathukayum cheiyunnu. appol rajaavu athbhuthappettu "appol manushyan srashtaavineppole thanne vaidagdhyam nedaan kazhiyumo?"automation pidichedukkukayum cheythu. samanamaaya oru katha samakaalika indian budhamatha jathaka kathakalil kaanaan kazhiyum, ennaal ivide automationte sankeernnatha maasttar yaante kathayumaayi poruthappedunnilla. pothuvarshatthil budhamatham avatharippikkunnathinumbu chainees thathwachinthakar roopavum yaadhaarthyavum thammilulla vyathyasam gauravamaayi pariganichirunnilla. eee laisi budhamatha thathwachinthakale nishedhikkukayum manushya srishtiparamaaya shakthikale srashtaavinte shakthiyumayi thaarathamyam cheyyukayum cheiyunnu.
eiii. dii. 11-aamm noottaandilo 12-aamm noottaandilo nirmmicha cycleukaludeyum lorukaludeyum shekharamaaya indian "lokapannatti", budhante avashishtangal oru rahasya sthoopathil samrakshikkunnathinaayi automated sainikarude (bhootha vahana yantha allengil "spiritt movement mesheenukal") oru sainyam engane roopappeduthiyennathinte katha parayunnu. greco-roman-baisantain samskaarathinte pothuvaaya padamaaya roome saamraajyathil ninnaan atharam humanoid automaattanukal nirmmikkanulla padhathikal moshtikkappettath. lokapannatti" prakaram, yavanar ("greak samsarikkunnavar") vyapaaravum krishiyum nadatthaan automaattanukal upayogichirunnuvenkilum kuttavaalikale pidikoodukayum vadikkukayum cheythu. raajyam vitta roman automation nirmmaathaakkale automaattanukal pinthudarukayum kollukayum cheythu. lokapannatti" prakaram, ashoka chakravarty rahasya sthoopathinte katha kelkkukayum athu kandethaan purappedukayum cheiyunnu. theevranaaya yodhaakkalaaya automaattanukal thammilulla yudhathethudarnnu, automaattanukal nirmmicha deerghakaala enchineeyarine ashoka kandethukayum avaa engane polikkamennum niyanthrikkamennum kaanikkukayum cheiyunnu. angane ashoka chakravarthikku automated yodhaakkalude oru valia sainyathe nayikkaan kazhiyum. draagan-teath sainyathekkurichulla greak puraanagalilum prakadippichittulla krithrima jeevikalude niyanthranam nashtappedumenna bhayathe eee indian katha prathifalippikkunnu.
europian kristhyan aithihyathil ninnu prachodanam ulkkond, madhyakala europianmaar avarkk chodikkaavunna chodyangalkku utharam nalkaan kazhiyunna lajjakaramaaya thalakal roopappeduthi. albertus magnus chila gaarhika jolikal cheyyaan kazhiyunna oru android muzhuvan nirmmichathaayi karuthappedunnu, ennaal aalbarttinte vidyaarthi thomas akwinas addehathinte chinthaye thadassappeduthiyathinu athu nashippichu. rogger bekkan roopakalppana cheytha oru venkala thalayekkurichaanu ettavum prashasthamaaya aitihyam, athu athinte pravartthana nimisham nashtappettathinu sesham nasippikkukayo polikkukayo cheythu. manushyarodum mrugangalodum saamyamulla automaatta madhyakala saahithyathile saangalppika lokangalil janapriyamaayirunnu.
automatic.
bii. sii. naalam noottaandil taarentathile ganithashaasthranjanaaya aarkkaitaas neeravi upayogichu nayikkunna "praav" ennu vilikkunna oru mechanical pakshi munnottuvachu. homarude iliyadile muun paramarsham etteduthu aristottil thante "raashtreeyam" (sii. eiii.) yill oohichu. bii. sii. 322, pusthakam 1, bhagam 4) adimatham nirmarjanam saadhyamaakkunnathiloode automaattaykku oru divasam manushyasamathvam konduvaraan kazhiyumennu
maanejarmarkk keezhudyogasthare aavasyamillennum yajamaananmaarkk adimakale aavasyamillennum sangalppikkaan kazhiyunna oru vyavastha maathrameyulloo. oro upakaranathinum athintethaaya jolie cheyyaan kazhiyumennathu eee vyavasthayaayirikkum, aajnjayude vaakkilo budhiparamaaya pratheekshakaliloodeyo, dedaalasinte prathimakaloo hephestus nirmmicha tripodukaloo pole, "avarude swantham chalanatthil avar olimbasil daivangalude konklevil praveshichu", oru shuttle svayam neythedukkanam, oru plectrum athintethaaya veenaadhvaanam cheyyanam.
greekkukaar eejipt niyanthrichappol, automaatta nirmmikkaan kazhiyunna enchineeyarmaarude oru pinthudarcha alexandriayil svayam sthaapichu. polimathu citesibius (<aii. dii. 1> bii. sii) muthal alexandrian enchineeyarmaar hydrolics allengil neeravi upayogichu pravarthippikkaavunna ottomaattayekkurichu vishadeekarikkunna vaachakangal avasheshippichu. manushyaneppolulla automaatta nirmmicha citisibius palappozhum mathaparamaya chadangukalilum devathakalude aaraadhanayilum upayogichirunnu. avasaanathe mahanaaya alexandrian enchineeyarmaaril oralaaya alexandriayile naayakan (10-70 CE) oru automaatta paava thiyettar nirmmichu, avide prathimakalum steju settukalum mechanical maargangaliloode neengi. nyoomaattiksinekkurikuri thante grandhatthil atharam automaattayude nirmmaanam addeham vivarichu. alexandrian enchineeyarmaar prakrithiyude mail manushyarude prathyakshamaaya aadhipathyathodulla aadaravaayum purohithanmaarude upakaranangalayum automaatta nirmmichu, ennaal mathiyaya sambannaraaya arcum praadhamikamaayi sambannarude vinodathinumaayi automaatta nirmmicha oru paarambaryavum aarambhichu.
automaattayude nirmmaana paarambaryam greak lokath madhyakaalakhattam vare thudarnnu. 949ll crimonayile ambasseder luteprand theophilos chakravartthiyude kottaaratthile ottomaattayekkurichu vivarichu. 
simhaasanamuriyile samanamaaya automaattaye (paadunna pakshikal, alarunna, chalikkunna simhangal) luteprandinte samakalikanaaya baisantain chakravarty konstaantain porpherogenitus thante pusthakatthil vivarichittundu.
chainayil 1088 sii. iii. yill chainayile kaifengil suu soong nirmmicha oru clock tavaraaya cosmic enchinil manikorukal muzhakkunna mechanical maanukkukalum mattu upakaranagalkoppam gong allengil manikalum ring cheythu. tang raajavamshathilum automation nettangal thudarnnu. raajnjikkaayi diafeng maa oru automated dresser sarvees nirmmichu. weinliang oru automattaa manushyane nirmmichu, avar virunnil toast nirddeshichu, koodaathe sheng vaayikkunna oru thadi sthree automaattayum. purathana chainayile ettavum mikacha rekhappeduthiya automaattakalil onpathaam noottaandinte thudakkathil chainayilekku marria japanese vamshajanaaya hahn sheeleyude automaattayaanu.
baisaantains, arab thudangiya poost-classical samoohangal automaattayude nirmmaanam thudarnnu. baisaantains alexandriyakkaaril ninnu ottomaattayekkurichulla arivu paarambaryamaayi nedukayum gear mekkaanisangal upayogichu vaattar klokkukal nirmmikkunnathinayi ithu kooduthal vikasippikkukayum cheythu, udaaharanathinu ekadesham 510 ll procopius vivarichathupole. madhyakala arab lokathaanu automaattayude nirmmaanatthil kooduthal kaaryamaaya purogathi sambhavichathu. haaroon alle-rashid sankeernamaaya hydrolic jaakkukalum chalikkunna manushya roopangalum upayogichu vaattar klokkukal nirmmichu. atharamoru gadikaaram 807-ll fraankukalude rajaavaaya charlemagne sammaanichu. baanu moosa, alle-jasari thudangiya arab enchineeyarmaar hydrolixinecurichlurich prabandham prasidheekarikkukayum jala gadikaarangalude kalaye kooduthal vikasippikkukayum cheythu. jalavaidyuthiyil pravartthikkunna automated chalikkunna mayilukal alle-jasari nirmmichu. automaatta pravarthippikkaan upayogikkunna axilil kaamukalulla oru jalachakram addeham kandupidichu. alle-jasariyude humanoid ottomaattakalilonnu vellam, chaaya allengil paneeyangal enniva nalkaan kazhiyunna oru parichaarikayayirunnu. oru jalasambharaniyulla oru tankle eee paaneeyam sookshichuvekkukayum avide ninnu paaneeyam oru bakkattilekku ozhuki ezhu minittinusesham oru kappil ozhukippokukayum athinusesham oru automatic vathilil ninnu waiters paaneeyam vilambunnathaayi prathyakshappedukayum cheythu. aadhunika flush toylattukalil ippol upayogikkunna flush samvidaanam ulkkollunna oru hand washing ottomettan alle-jasari kandupidichu. vellam niracha oru thadathinadutthu nilkkunna oru penn humanoid automaattan ithil ulkkollunnu. upayokthaav liver valikkumbol, vellam ozhukukayum penn automaattan thadam veendum niraykkukayum cheiyunnu. koodaathe, addeham oru robotic myoosikkal baand srishtichu. maarkk rosheyim parayunnathanusarichu, greak designukalil ninnu vyathyasthamayi arab automaatta naadakeeyamaaya midhyaadhaaranayode pravartthikkukayum praayogika prayogathinaayi manushyante daaranaye kaikaaryam cheyyukayum cheythu.
1206-ll alle-jasari maranathinu thottumunbu prasidheekaricha "dhaa book oof nolaj oof injiniyas mechanical devicesil" vivarichirikkunna segmental gearukal 100 varshathinu sesham ettavum noothanamaaya europian klokkukalil prathyakshappettu. humanoid automaattayude nirmmaanathekkurichulla nirddeshangalum alle-jasari prasidheekarichu. orupakshe sisiliyileyum spainileyum musleem-kristhyan sanbarkkathinidayil kaimaattam cheyyappetta vivarangalude adisthaanathil ekadesham 1000 sii. iii. yill europil nirmmichathaanu arabic designukalil roopakalppana cheytha aadyathe vaattar klokkukal. pothuvarsham 985ll nirmmicha oorilaakkile jerbertinte jala gadikaaramaanu aadyamaayi rekhappeduthappetta europian jala gadikaarangalil onnu. panthrandaam noottaandile navothaanatthinidayil ottomaattayekkurichulla naayakante kruthikal laattinilekk vivarthanam cheyyappettu. pathimoonnaam noottaandinte thudakkathil kalakaran enchineeyarumaaya willard dii honecourt niravadhi ottomaattakalkkaayi padhathikal varachu. 13-aamm noottaandinte avasaanathil, aarttoyisukalude gananaya roobert randaaman, hesdinile thante kottayil oru aanandathottam nirmmichu, athil niravadhi robottukal, humanoid, mrugangal enniva ulppeduthi. pathinalam noottaandil mechanical klokkukalkkoppam jackmart ennu vilikkappedunna automated belstrikerukal europil janapriyamaayi.
1495ll leonardo davinchi (1452-1519) varacha oru humanoid aanu aadyathe automation. 1950kalil veendum kandethiya leonardo nottbukkukalil, ezhunnettu irikkaanum kaikal chalippikkanum thalayum thaadiyellum chalippikkanum kazhiyunna kavachathilulla oru mechanical naittinte vishadamaaya droingukal adangiyirikkunnu. 1400-kalude madhyathil, johannes mullar voonn conigsburg irumbu kondu nirmmicha oru ottomettan kazhukanum eechayum srishtichu; iruvarkkum parakkaan kazhiyum. parakkaan kazhivulla oru thadi vandine srishtikkunnathilum joonn dee ariyappedunnu.
pathinezhaam noottaandile chinthakanaaya rene descart mrugangalum manushyarum jaiva yanthrangalaanennu vishwasichirunnu. norveyilekkulla avasana yaathrayil, marichupoya makal francin poleyulla oru mechanical paava addeham koode kondupoyi. pathinettaam noottaandil maasttar toy maker jackwus dii voukaansan luis XV-naayi noorukanakkinu chalikkunna bhaagangalulla oru automated taaraav nirmmichu, athu thinnanum kudikkanum kazhiyum. vaakkaansan pinneedu humanoid automaattanukal nirmmichu, drummer faif player yadhaartha manushyarumayulla shareeraghadanayude saamyam kaaranam shradheyamaayirunnu. vokaansante srishti europian vaachu nirmmaathaakkale mechanical automaatta nirmmikkaan prachodippikkukayum vinodathinaayi athyaadhunika mechanical upakaranangal shekharikkunnathu europian prabhukkanmarkkidayil fasionabilaayi maarukayum cheythu. 1747-ll juuliyan oofre dii laa metri anjjaathamaayi "ell hoome mesheen" ("maan eiii mesheen") prasidheekarichu, athil addeham voukaansane "puthiya promethius" ennu vilikkukayum "manushyashareeram oru vaachu aanu, atharam naipunyavum chaathuryavum upayogichu nirmmicha oru valia vaachu" ennu abhipraayappedukayum cheythu.
1770-kalil swis piyari jaakvett-droze kuttikaleppole thonnikkunna chalikkunna automaatta srishtikkukayum 1818-ll "fraankanstain; allengil, aadhunika promethius" enna noval ezhuthiya merii shelly santhoshippikkukayum cheythu. oru manushya athiraalikkethire chess kalikkaanum europe paryadanam nadatthaanum kazhiyunna oru noothana yanthramaaya wolfgang voonn kempalante turk aayirunnu automation shramathinte aathyanthika sramam. yanthram puthiya lokathekku konduvannappol, athu edger allen poye oru lekhanam ezhuthaan prerippichu, athil mechanical upakaranagalkk nyaayavaadam cheiyukayo chinthikkukayo cheiyunnathu asaadhyamaanennu addeham nigamanam cheythu.
pathonpathaam noottaandil "jappaante edison" ennariyappedunna japanese karakaushala vidagthanaaya hizashige tanaka, valare sankeernamaaya mechanical kalippaattangalude oru nira srishtichu, avayil chilath chaaya, oru karkkashathil ninnu varacha thee ambukal, allengil oru japanese "kanchi" kathaapaathram varaykkal ennivaykku upayogikkaam. karakuri sui" ("elastrated meshinari") enna supradhana grandham 1796-ll prasidheekarichu. 1898-ll nikkola tesla maadisan square gaardanil oru prototype remot niyantritha antarvaahini pradharshippichu, "svayam vittupoya oru automaattan, kaaranam ullathum purathuninnulla manappoorvamaaya niyanthranamillathe pravartthikkum."vimarsanaathmaka reportermarkethire addeham thante kandupiduthathe prathirodhichu, thante automaatta" "wireless torpido" "allennum pakaram" "mechanical purushanmaar" "aanennum addeham vaadichu, athu manushyaraashiyude advaanaparamaaya jolie cheyyum"."
aadhunika charithram.
1900kall.
1900 muthal, ell. frank boom oos parambarayile kuttikalude pusthakangalil samakaalika saankethikavidya avatharippichu. dhii vantreyil visard oof oos" (1900) enna pusthakatthil, thante dushta kodali murichathinu sesham kaikaalukalum thalayum shareeravum oru tinsmithukondu maattisthaapicha oru manushya maram murikkunna saiborg tinn woodmante katha boom paranju. oosma oof oos" (1907) enna pusthakatthil boom, chembu gadikaarapravarthakanaaya maan tick-tokkine vivarikkunnu, avane thudarchayaayi murivelppikkukayum anuchithamaya nimishangalil thaazhekku oodukayum venam.
1903-ll spanish enchineeyar leonardo torres cuevedo paarees akkadami oof sayansil "telekino" enna peril oru radio adhishtitha niyanthrana samvidaanam avatharippichu. manushyarude jeevan apakadathilaakkaathe swantham roopakalppanayude oru dirijible pareekshikkunathinulla oru maargamaayaanu ithu uddeshichathu. oonn/oof' tharatthilulla pravartthanangal nadathunna muun reethikalil ninnu vyathyasthamayi, onniladhikam pravarthanaavasthakalulla eathenkilum mechanical allengil electrical upakaranathe niyanthrikkunnathinulla oru samvidaanam torukal vikasippichu. telekinoyude traansmittarin reseaverinu 19 vyathyastha commandukal vare ayaykkaan kazhiyum. vaidyuthakaanthika tharamgangal kaimaattam cheiyunna kodukalil antharleenamaaya oordarukal vyaakhyaanikkaanum nadappilakkaanum ithinu kazhinju. 1905-ll, vaidyutha trichakra land vaahanathil prarambha "telekino" parisodhana nadatthaan torres theerumaanichu. 1906-ll, speyinile rajaavu ulppedunna oru prekshakarude saannidhyathil, 2 kilometeriladhikam akale niyantrikkappetta aalukalumayi theerathu ninnu oru bottine nayikkunna bilbavo thuramukhathu torres eee kandupidutham pradharshippichu.. pinneedu, projectylukalilum torpidokalilum telekino prayogikkaan addeham shramichuvenkilum dhanasahaayathinte abhaavathil padhathi upekshikkendivannu.
1910kall.
1912-ll leonardo torres cuevedo chess kalikkaan kazhivulla aadyathe yadhaartha svayambharana yanthram nirmmichu. manushyar nadathunna turkkikkum ajeebin vipareethamaayi, "ell ajedrisista" (chess kalikkaaran) manushya maarganirddeshamillaathe chess kalikkaan nirmmicha oru yadhaartha samyojitha automation undaayirunnu. moonnu chess kashanagalulla oru end geyim maathramaan ithu kalichathu, oru velutha rajavineyum oru rookineyum oru manushya ethiraali neekkiya karutha raajaavine checkmate cheyyaan yaanthrikamaayi neekkunnu. 1951-ll paarees cybernetic kongrasil "ell ajedrisista" oru yanthrathaal parajayappetta aadyathe grand maastaraayi gambheeramaaya tartacoverine paraajayappeduthi. 1914-leeii "essays oonn automatics" enna prabandhatthil torres purathuninnulla vivarangal pidichedukkunna censorukal, aayudangal, baattarikal, vaayu marddam thudangiya oorjja srothassukal, ettavum pradhaanappettava, nilavilullathum kazhinjathumaaya vivarangal pidichedukkunnathinulla "vivechanam" enniva upayogichu "vidhikal" nadathunna oru yanthram nirddeshichu. baahya vivarangalkkanusarichu oru jeevajalam pole prathikaranatthe niyantrikkaanum paristhithiyile mattangalumaayi poruthappedukayum athinte swabhaavam maattukayum cheiyunna oru bhagamaayaanu ithine nirvachichirikkunnathu.
1920kall.
1921ll check karal chapec prasidheekaricha oru naadakatthilaanu robot enna padam aadyamaayi upayogichathu.yuu.aarr."(rossum saarvathrika robottukal) oru aakshepahaasyamaayirunnu, robottukal ellah asukhakaramaaya shaareerika advaanavum nadathunna jaiva jeevikal nirmmichavayaayirunnu. chaapekkinte abhipraayathil, check padamaaya 'robota' 'corvy' allengil slovac 'varkk' allengil 'laber' ennivayil ninnaan addehathinte sahodaran joseph eee vaakk srishtichathu. (pithaav medical doktaraayi jolie cheythirunna slovakiayile trensianske teplisil thaamasikkumbol carrell chapec thante naadakatthil pravarthikkukayaayirunnu.) naadakam "aarr.yuu.aarr, "automaattan" enna vaakkinte janapriya upayogathinu pakaram vannu.
westinghouse electric korppareshan 1926-ll televox nirmmichu; upayokthaakkalkk oonaakkaanum oofaakkaanum kazhiyunna vividha upakaranangalumayi bandhippichirikkunna oru cardboard kauttaauttaayirunnu ithu. 1927-ll fritts laanginte metropolis puratthirangi; "parady", "futura", "robotrics" allengil "maria almaratom" (jarmman nadi brigitt helm avatharippichathu) ennum vilikkappedunna oru ginoid humanoid robotaaya maschinenmensh ("mesheen-human"), sinimayil chithreekaricha aadyathe robotaayirunnu.
ettavum prashasthamaaya japanese robotic automaattan 1927 ll pothujanagalkk munnil avatharippichu. gakudensokinu nayathanthraparamaaya punk undaayirikkanamennu karuthappettirunnu. compress cheytha vaayu pravarthanakshamamaakkumbol, athinu draavakamaayi ezhuthaanum kanpolakal uyarthanum kazhiyum. pradhana sthaapanangalude public relations aavasyangalkkaayi computer niyantritha servomechanisangalude udayathinu munbu niravadhi robottukal nirmikkappettu. pathinettaam noottaandile automaatta pole kurachu standukal nadatthaan kazhiyunna yanthrangalaayirunnu iva. 1928ll landanile model enchineeyar sosaittiyude vaarshika pradarshanatthil aadyathe humanoid robottukalilonnu pradharshippichu. W kandupidichathu. echu. pathinonnu vaidyuthakaanthikangallu aluminium kavacham, 12 wolt power sozhs upayogichu pravartthikkunna oru motor enniva ulkkollunna richards, eric enna robot. robottinu kaikalum thalayum chalippikkanum remot kantrol allengil voys kantrol vazhi niyantrikkaanum kazhiyum.
1930kall.
vyaavasaayika robottukalude aadyakaala roopakalppanakal amerikkayil nirmikkappettu. valikkuka, thalluka, amarthuka, uyarthuka thudangiya manushya chalanagal aavarthikkunnathin eee "maanipulettarukal" manushyante thool-kaii-kaithanda chalanaathmakathayude maathrkayil sandhikal undaayirunnu. kyaam, switch prograaming ennivayiloode chalanagal niyantrikkaan kazhiyum. 1938ll willard vii. electronic kantrolarukal, numatic silindar, chalanatthinte aarr achuthandukalkku karuthekunna motorukal ennivayulla "position controlling upakaranam" enna peril atharamoru kaikkulla aadyathe pettant apeksha pollard phayal cheythu. ennaal valia drum memory prograaming samayamedukkunnathum budhimuttaakkunnathumayu.
1939ll electro ennariyappedunna humanoid robot loka melayil prathyakshappettu. ezhu adii uyaravum (2 meter) 265 poundu (120 kilogram) bharavumulla ithinu voys kamaandiloode nadakkaanum 700 vaakkukal samsarikkaanum (78-rpm record player upayogichu) sigaratt valikkanum baloonukal pottikkanum thalayum kaikalum chalippikkanum kazhiyum. steel gear kyaam, aluminium charmmam kondu moodappetta motor asthikoodam enniva ulppettathaayirunnu shareeram.
1939-ll konad suus aadyathe prograamabil electromechanical computer nirmmichu, ippol oru robotaayi kanakkaakkappedunna oru humanoid mesheente nirmmaanathinu aditharayittu. electric svichukalil bainari lojikkinte praayogika prayogam claude shaannan pradharshippichirunnavi addehathinte calculator prograam cheyyaavunna onnayirunnilla.
1940kall.
 1941lum 1942lum isak asimov roboticsinte moonnu niyamangal roopappeduthukayum eee prakriyayil "robotics" enna vaakk srishtikkukayum cheythu. 1945-ll vannevar bush, electronic daatta prosessinghinte saadhyathakal anweshicha oru lekhanam prasidheekarichu. computerukal, digital vaid prosessorukal, shabda thirichariyal, yanthra vivarthanam ennivayude valarcha addeham pravachichu. hypertextinte kandupiduthakkaranaaya tedu nelson pinneedu addehathe prashamsichu.
1943ll arturo rosenblooth, norbert winer, juuliyan bigelo ennivar manushya kendra naadeevyavasthaye automatic aayudha samvidaanangalude niyanthrana maathrkayaayi sweekarichu. angane cheiyunnathiloode avar cyberneticsinteyum ("steersmaan" ennathinte greak) model daatta prosessinghinteyum thudakkamittu, oru mrugam athinte sensoriyal anubhavam athinte kendra naadeevyavasthayilekku yaanthrikavum swamedhayaa ullathumaaya feedbaakkaayi nirantharam ashayavinimayam nadathunnu enna anumaanathil, angane shwasanam, rakthachamkramanam, dahanam thudangiya prakriyakal niyantrikkaan kazhiyum. randaam lokamahaayudhathetthudarnna, 1946-ll cyberneticsinekkurichurillu oru konfaransil, vaaran mcculloch ganithashaasthranjar, computer enchineeyarmaar, physiologistukal, psychologistukal ennivarude oru teamine biological sisttangale prarambha pooyintaayi upayogichu mesheen ooppareshanil pravartthikkaan shekharichu. 1948-ll addehathinte pusthakam prasidheekarichathinethu, censorukalude upayogathiloode nirjeeva samvidaanangalkku jaiva, saamoohika samvidaanangale anukarikkaan kazhiyumenna veenarude ashayam cybernetic sidhaanthangale vyaavasaayika yanthrangalilekku poruthappeduthunnathil nayichu. ennaal aavasyamulla automation nilavaaram kaivarikkunnathil servo kantrolarukal aparyaapthamaanennu thelinju.
1948lum 1949lum englandile bristolilulla looad neurological instittyoottile vilyam gray vaaltaraanu sankeernamaaya swabhaavamulla aadyathe electronic svayambharana robottukal srishtichathu. cheria ennam mastishka koshangal thammilulla sambannamaaya bandhangal valare sankeernamaaya perumaattangalkk kaaranamaakumenn theliyikkaan addeham aagrahichu-pradhaanamaayum masthishkam engane pravartthikkunnu ennathinte rahasyam athu engane vayar cheythuvennathil adhishtithamaanu. 1948num 1949num idayil nirmmicha elmer aandu elsie enna addehathinte aadyathe robottukal avayude aakruthiyum chalanatthinte mandagathiyum kaaranam palappozhum amakal ennu visheshippikkappettu. moonnu chakrangalulla aama robottukalkku phototaxis cheyyaan kazhiyumaayirunnu, athiloode baattari power kurayumbol avarkk oru recharging steshanilekku vazhi kandethaan kazhiyum.
thante samakalikaraaya alaan turing, joonn voonn neuman ennivarellaam digital kanakkukoottalinte kaaryatthil maanasika prakriyakalekkurichulla kaazhchappaadilekk tiriyunna samayat mastishka prakriyakal anukarikkaan poornnamaayum analog electronics upayogikkendathinte praadhaanyam walter oonnipparanju. walterude pravartthanangal rodney brooks, hans moravek, maarkk tilden thudangiya robotics gaveshakarude thudarnnulla thalamurakale prachodippichu. vaalttarinte "aamakalude" aadhunika avathaarangal beam roboticsinte roopathil kandethaam.
1950kall.
1951-ll walter "padikkunna oru yanthram" enna prabandham prasidheekarichu, vyavasthaapitha reflex laining prakadippichu addehathinte kooduthal noothana mechanical robottukal engane budhiparamaaya ejantaayi pravarthichuvennu rekhappeduthunnu.
1954ll jorjju devol kandupidicha aadyathe digitalaayi pravartthikkunnathum prograamabil robottumaaya unimate aadhunika robotics vyavasaayathinte aditharaye prathinidheekarikkunnu."
jappanil robottukal janapriya comic book kathaapaathrangalaayi maari. robottukal saamskaarika pratheekangalayi maarukayum robotixinecurichlurich gaveshanathinu dhanasahayam nalkaan japanese sarkkaarine prerippikkukayum cheythu. sneham, dhairyam, svayam samshayam thudangiya maanushika vikarangal padippicha aastro booy aayirunnu ettavum mikacha kathapaathrangalil oraal. saamskaarikamaayi, jappaanile robottukal avarude manushya athiraalikalude sahayikalaayi kanakkakkappettu.
1950kalude madhyathil computerukalil traansistarukal avatharippikkappettath avayude valippam kuraykkukayum prakadanam vardhippikkukayum cheythu. athinaal, computing prograaming automation ulppede niravadhi aaplikkeshanukalil ulppeduthaam. 1959ll masaachyusets instittyoott oof teknolajiyile (eimti) gaveshakar computer sahaayathodeyulla nirmmaanam pradharshippichu.
1960kall.
devol 1960-ll aadyathe unimate general motorukalkku vittu, 1961-ll nyoojezhsiyile eving tounshippile oru plaantil oru dye casting mesheenil ninnu choodulla loha kashanagal uyarthunnathinum avaye thanuppikkunna draavakathil sthaapikkunnathinum ithu sthaapichu. "oru aadambaravumillathe, lokathile aadyathe pravarthanakshamamaaya robot 1961 leeii vasanthakaalath eving tounshippile general motors plaantile assembly lainil chernnu.. chuvanna choodulla vaathil haandilukalum atharam kaarinte mattu bhaagangalum oru variyil thanuppikkunna draavakathinte kulangalilekku idukayum avaye trimmingin buffinginumaayi thozhilaallikalilekku kondupookukayum cheytha oru automated dye-casting pooppal aayirunnu ithu."digitalaayi pravartthikkunna aadyathe prograamabil robotic aayudhathinulla devolinte pettant aadhunika robotics vyavasaayathinte aditharaye prathinidheekarikkunnu.
kaaliforniyayile dauniyile rancho loss amigos ashupathriyil vaikalyamulla rogikale sahayikkunnathinaayi oru robotic aayudhamaayi rancho aam vikasippicheduthu; eee computer niyantritha kaii 1963 ll stanford sarvakalashaala vaangi. 1967 ll jappanil aadyathe vyaavasaayika robot ulppaadanakshamamaayi upayogichu. american mesheen foundariyum chernnaanu versatran robot vikasippichath. oru varshathinusesham kawasaki kanatha vyavasaayangal unimation upayogichu oru hydrolic robot roopakalppana nirmmichu. 1968ll marvin minsky tentakkil aam srishtichu; kaii computer niyanthrithavum athinte 12 sandhikal hydrolics upayogichullathumaayirunnu. 1969 ll mechanical enchiniyaring vidyaarthi victor skeenman stanford aam srishtichu, unimatinte nirddeshangal oru magnetic drummil sookshichirunnathinaal aadyathe electronic computer niyantritha robotic aarmayi ithu amgeekarikkappettu.
1960kalude avasaanathil vietnaam yuddham automated command saankethikavidyayudeyum sensor netvarkkukaludeyum pareekshana kendramaayi maari. 1966ll bhusena aavashyamillenna lakshyathodeyaanu mcnamara line nirddeshikkappettathu. bhookamba, shabda censorukal, photoreconences, sensor trigger cheytha land mine ennivayude eee sensor shringhala uyarnna chelavu kaaranam bhaagikamaayi maathramaan nadappaakkiyathu. 1970ll stanford research instittyoott (ippol shree internaashanal) aanu athinte chuttupaadukalekkurichu nyaayavaadam cheyyaan kazhivulla aadyathe mobail robot nirmmichathu. tivi camerakal, lazer rench finderukal, "bump censorukal" ennivayulppede onniladhikam sensor inputtukal cherthaanu shakey naavigettu cheythath.
1970kall.
1970kalude thudakkathil krithyamaaya aayudangalum smart aayudangalum vikasippichu. anthima maargganirddeshangal nadappaakkiyathiloode aayudangal robotic aayi maari. vietnaam yudhathinte avasaanathil aadyathe lazer guided bombukal vinyasichu, avaa lakshyathilekku viral choondunna oru lazer beam pinthudarnnu avarude lakshyam kandethaan kazhiyum. 1972leeii ooppareshan samayat linebacker lazer guided bombukal phalapradamaanennu thelinjuvenkilum ippozhum manushya oopparettarmaare valareyadhikam aasrayichirikkunnu. avasana vietnaam yudhathil fayar aandu forgettu aayudangalum aadyam vinyasichu, orikkal vikshepichathinu sesham oopparettaril ninnu kooduthal shradhayo nadapadiyo aavasyamilla.
1970kalil japanese robotics shaasthranjar humanoid robottukalude vikasanam ganyamaayi vikasippichu. 1967ll vaseda sarvakalashaala wabot padhathikku thudakkam kurikkukayum 1972ll lokathile aadyathe poornna thothilulla humanoid intalijant robotaaya wabot-1 poortthiyaakkukayum cheythu. athinte avayava niyanthrana samvidaanam thaazhathe kaikaalukal upayogichu nadakkaanum sparsana censorukal upayogichu kaikal upayogichu vasthukkal pidikkaanum kondupokaanum anuvadichu. baahya resepterukal, krithrima annukal, chevikal enniva upayogichu vasthukkalilekkulla dooravum dishakalum alakkaan athinte kazhcha samvidaanam anuvadichu. athinte sambhaashana samvidaanam japanese bhaashayilulla oru vyakthiyumayi krithrima vaaya upayogichu ashayavinimayam nadatthaan anuvadichu. ithu aadyathe android aakki maatti.
paatt ambler, robin poppu lestoon, austin tettu, donald michi ennivar chernnu eddinberg school oof informaticsil nirmmicha robottukalaayirunnu freddy freddy II umm, koodaathe niravadhi manikkoorukalkullil thadi blokkukal kootticherkkaan kazhivullavayaayirunnu. jarmman aasthaanamaayulla kambaniyaaya kukka famulus ennariyappedunna aarr electromechanical achuthandukalulla lokathile aadyathe vyaavasaayika robot nirmmichu.
1974ll maikkal jeey. freeman klaas paatyapadhathi upayogichu prograam cheytha oru robot adhyapakanaaya leachimine srishtichu, athupole thanne leachim padippikkaan prograam cheytha 40 vidyaarthikalekkurichu chila jeevacharitraparamaaya vivarangalum. manushyante samsaram samanvayippikkaanulla kazhivu leechiminundaayirunnu. newyork nagaratthile bronks baroyile naalam klaas klaas muriyilaanu leachim pareekshikkappettath.
1974ll david silver roopakalppana cheytha velli kaii manushyarude kaikal aavarthikkaan mikacha chalanangalkk prapthamaayirunnu. touch, presher censorukal vazhi feedback nalkukayum oru computer vishakalanam cheyyukayum cheythu. 1978ll kaaryakshamavum 4-axis robotic kaiyumayi thiranjeduttha compliance assembly robot aam enna scara srishtichu. bhagangal edukkunnathinum mattoru sthalathu sthaapikkunnathinum ettavum nannayi upayogikkunna eee scara 1981 ll assembly lainukalil avatharippichu.
1979ll stanford cart kaserakal niranja oru murii vijayakaramaayi marikadannu. dooram nirnnayikkunnathinum naavigettu cheiyunnathinum ithu praadhamikamaayi steeriyo kaazhchaye aashrayichirunnu. 1979ll raaj reddiyaan karnegi melloon sarvakalaashaalayile robotics instittyoott sthaapichathu.
1980kall.
tekko kanade 1981 ll aadyathe "direct drive aam" srishtichu. itharathilulla aadyathethu, kaiyude motorukal robottinullil thanne adangiyirunnu, ithu neenda traansmissionukal illaathaakki.
1984ll avayavangal kalikkaan kazhivulla wabot-2nuu 10 viralukalum rund kaalukalum undaayirunnu. wabot-2nuu oru sangeetha score vaayikkanum oru vyakthiye anugamikkaanum kazhinju.
1986ll honda manushyarumaayi vijayakaramaayi edapazhakaan kazhivulla robottukale srishtikkunnathinaayi humanoid gaveshana vikasana paripadi aarambhichu. chenkis enna hexapodal robot 1989 ll mitt velippeduthi. chenkis nirmmaana reethikal kaaranam vegathilum chelavilum nirmikkunnathil prashasthamaayirunnu; chenkis 4 microprosessorukalum 22 censorukalum 12 servo motorukalum upayogichu. rodney brooks anita emm. fline "phaast, sastani, niyanthranaatheetham sourayoodhathile oru robot akramanam" prasidheekarichu. ulppaadana samayam vardhippikkunnathinum robottukale bahiraakaashathekku vikshepikkunnathinulla budhimuttu kuraykkunnathinum kooduthal vilakuranja cheria robottukal srishtikkanamennu pathram vaadichu.
1990kall.
1994ll ettavum vijayakaramaya robot sahaayathodeyulla sasthrakriya upakaranangalilonn eph. dii. eiii. neekkam cheythu. saibar naif kandupidichathu joonn aarr aanu. 1991ll stanford sarvakalashaalayil adler aadyathe samvidaanavum sthaapichu. eee radiosurgery samvidaanam robotic positioninginoppam imej guided sarjari samyojippichu. thalachorilo nattellilo ulla tumourukalulla rogikale chikilsikkaan saibar naif ippol vinyasichittund. oru ex-reey camera sthaanachalanathe tracucheyyukayum shwasanam moolamundaakunna chalanathinu nashtapariharam nalkukayum cheiyunnu.
1996 ll masaachyusets instittyoott oof teknolajiyil doctoral vidyaarthi david baarat malsyam engane vellathil neenthunnuvennu padikkunnathinaayi biomimetic robot robotoona nirmmichu. neenthaanum bluefin tunayode saamyamullathumaan robotoona roopakalppana cheythirikkunnathu.
hondayude pii2 humanoid robot aadyamaayi pradharshippichathu 1996laanu. "prototype model 2" ennathinu vendi nilakollunna pii2 hondayude humanoid vikasana padhathiyude avibhaajya gadakamaayirunnu; uyarathil, pii2 athinte mungaamikale apekshichu cheruthaanu, athinte chalanangalil kooduthal manushyaneppoleyaanennu thonni.
ezhu divasam maathram pravartthikkumennu pratheekshichirunna, 1997-ll 83 divasathe pravarthanatthinu sesham sojornar rover oduvil adachupootti. eee cheria robot (23 poundu allengil 10.5 kilogram maathram) chovvayude paatha kandethal douthyathinte bhaagamaayi chovvayude uparithalathil ardha svayambharana pravartthanangal nadatthi; oru thadassam ozhivakkal prograam sajjeekarichirikkunnu, grahatthinte uparithalathekkurichu padikkunnathinulla vazhikal aasoothranam cheyyaanum naavigettu cheyyaanum sojornarinu kazhivundaayirunnu. paristhithiyekkurichum sameepa chuttupaadukalekkurichum cheria daatta upayogichu naavigettu cheyyaanulla sojornarude kazhivu aasoothrithamallaatha sambhavangalodum vasthukkalodum prathikarikkaan anuvadichu.
kambaniyude thudarchayaaya humanoid padhathiyude bhaagamaayi 1998 ll hondayaanu pii3 humanoid robot velippeduthiyathu. 1999-ll, manushyarumaayi edapazhakaan kazhivulla oru robotic naayayaya aibo soony avatharippichu; jappanil puratthirakkiya aadyathe modalukal 20 minittinullil vittupoyi. 2000-ll honda avarude humanoid padhathiyude ettavum noothanamaaya phalam velippeduthi, asimo ennu perittirikkunnu. asymoic oodaanum nadakkaanum manushyarumaayi ashayavinimayam nadatthaanum mukhangal, paristhithi, shabdangal, bhavam enniva thirichariyaanum paristhithiyumaayi samvadikkaanum kazhiyum. vinodathinaayi vikasippichukondirikku soony dream robottukal, cheria humanoid robottukal ennivayum soony velippeduthi. 2000 octoberil ikyaraashtrasabha kanakkakkiya prakaram lokath 742,500 vyaavasaayika robottukal undennum avayil pakuthiyiladhikam jappanilaanu upayogikkunnathennum.
2000kall.
2001 eprilil canadarm 2 bhramanapathathilekku vikshepikkukayum anthaaraashtra bahirakasha nilayavumaayi bandhippikkukayum cheythu. bahirakasha shuttle upayogikkunna kaiyude valuthum kooduthal kazhivullathumaaya pathippaanu canadarm 2, ithu "smarter" ennu prashamsikkappedunnu. eprilil, alillah vyomayaana aagola hoock kaaliforniyayile edwards vyomasena thaavalathil ninnu thekkan australiyayile raaf bays edinbergilekku pasaphik samudrathinu mukaliloode aadyathe svayambharana noonn-stopp flaitt nadatthi. 22 manikkoorinullilaan vimanam paratthiyathu.
janapriya roomba, oru robotic vaakvam kleaner, aadyamaayi purathirakkiyathu 2002 ll irobot kambaniyaanu.
2005-ll cornell sarvakalashaala attaach cheyyaanum verpeduthaanum kazhivulla block-modyoolukalude oru robotic samvidaanam velippeduthi, svayam-replication cheyyaan kazhivulla aadyathe robotaayi visheshippikkappedunnu, kaaranam athu nirmmicha blokkukalude kooduthal aduthu sthaapichaal athinte pakarppukal kootticherkkaan ithinu kazhiyum. 2003ll januvari 3,24 theeyathikalil vikshepicha chovvayude rover spirittum avasaravum chovvayude uparithalathil pathichu. rund robottukalum aadyam pratheekshichathinekkaal pala madangu dooram oodichu, oru valia podikkaatt moolam ashayavinimayam nashtappedunnathinu munbu 2018 pakuthiyode vare avasaram ippozhum pravarthichirunnu.
2005 oode svayam oodikkunna kaarukal prathyakshappettuvenkum mechappeduthalinu idamundaayirunnu. darppa grand chalanchil (2004) malsaricha 15 upakaranangalonnum kozhs vijayakaramaayi poortthiyaakkiyilla; vaasthavathil oru robot oof-rooad kozhsinte 5 sathamaanathil kooduthal vijayakaramaayi naavigettu cheythitilla, ithu oru dasalaksham dollar sammanam avakaashappedaathe avasheshikkunnu. 2005-ll honda athinte asimo robottinte puthiya pathipp velippeduthi, puthiya perumattangalum kazhivukalum upayogichu update cheythu. 2006-ll cornell sarvakalashaala svayam modeling nadatthaanum kedupaadukal sambhavichathin sesham nadakkaan padikkaanum kazhivulla naalu kaalukalulla robotaaya "staarfish" robot velippeduthi. 2007ll tommy oru manushyaneppole nadakkaanum kikkukalum panchukalum nadatthaanum kazhiyunna oru humanoid bipedal robotaaya aii-sobot enna vinoda robot puratthirakki, koodaathe "special aakshan modil" chila vinoda thanthrangalum prathyeka pravartthanangalum nadatthi.
2010-kall.
saadhaaranayaayi labhyamaya robotic gadakangalude labhyatha, shakti, vaividhyatha ennivayile valia thothilulla mechappeduthalukalum dainamdina jeevithathilekku robottukalude vanthothilulla vyaapanavum shubhaapthivishwaasamulla oohaapohangalkkum puthiya saamoohika aashankakalkkum kaaranamaayi.
humanoid robottukalude vikasanam thudarnnu; 2011-ll ezz. tii. ezz-133 dauthyathil bahiraakaashathe aadyathe humanoid robotaayi robonut 2 anthaaraashtra bahirakasha nilayathilekku vikshepichu. bahiraakaashath dextress robottukal engane perumaarunnuvenn enchineeyarmaare padippikkuka ennathaayirunnu athinte prarambha lakshyam, naveekaranangaliloodeyum purogathikaliloodeyum, bahirakasha sanjaarikale steshan attakuttappanikal nadathaano kootticherkkaano shaasthreeya pravartthanangal nadathaano sahaayikkunnathin oru divasam steshanu purathu pookaan kazhiyumenna pratheekshayund. dashakathinte avasaanathode, humanoid, mrugangaleppolulla robottukalkku budhimuttulla thadassangal marikadakkaanum santhulithaavastha nilanirthaanum gymnastic nettangal nadatthaanum polum kazhinju. ennirunnaalum, 2010-kalile bhooribhaagam robotic sambhavavikasangalum cheruthum kooduthal savisheshavumaaya noonn-humanoid robottukal vilakuranjathum kooduthal kazhivullathum sarvvyaapiyaayathum aayi maari.
moorinte niyamavum digital electronic gadakangale oru chippile bharam kuranjathum shakthavumaya samvidaanangalumaayi vardhippicha samyojanavum cheruthum cheruthumaaya upakaranangal oru robotic sisttathinte pravarthanatthinu aavashyamaaya kanatha kanakkukoottal nadatthaan anuvadichu. chipp, sensor saankethikavidyayile eee munnettangalil palathum smartphoneukalude valarchayum vyaapanavum nayikkukayum dainamdina upayogathinte vardhichuvarunna aavasyangal niravettunnathinaayi eee puthiya gadakangal aavasyappedukayum cheythu.
eee gadakangalude vilayum bharakkuravum puthiya tharatthilulla prathyeka aavasyamulla robottukalude vyaapanathin kaaranamaayi. svayambharana navigation stabilisation avatharippikkukayum stabilised hye defenision camerakal, radar, sarway upakaranangal ennivayulppede kooduthal sakthamaaya censorukal vahikkukayum cheiyunna kwaadkopttarukal, eee dashakathinte thudakkathil oru puthumayulla robotic samvidaanangalude sarvvyaapiyaaya oru vediyaayi maari. eee dashakathinte avasaanathode, 4keey camerakalum svayambharana navigation ulla oru robotic kwaadkopttarinte vila hobiyist bajattukalude paridhiyil kuranju, aamason polulla kambanikal charakk svayambharanamaayi ethikkaan kwaadkopttarukalude upayogam paryavekshanam cheiyukayaayirunnu, ennirunnaalum eee samvidaanangalude vinyaasam eee dashakathil valia thothil nadannilla.
artificial intalijansinte kazhivukalilum eee dashakam kuthichuchaattam kandu. 2010-kalile kaalayalavil, robottukalkkullil upayogikkunna oonboord computerukalude sheshi vardhichathode robottukalkku manushya maarganirddeshamillaathe kooduthal sankeernamaaya pravartthanangal nadatthaanum daatta kooduthal sankeernamaaya reethikalil swathanthramaayi prosess cheyyaanum kazhiyum. mobail dattaa nettvarkkukalude valarchayum artificial intelligence aaplikkeshanukalkkaayulla graphics kaardukalude vardhichuvarunna shakthiyum robottukale vidoora klasttarukalumaayi thalsamayam ashayavinimayam nadatthaan anuvadichu, ithu valare lalithamaaya robottukalude polum athyaadhunika artificial intelligence teknikkukal ulppeduthaanulla kazhivu phalapradamaayi vardhippichu.
2010-kalil puthiya software maathrkakalude valarchayum kandu, ithu robottukalkkum avarude iai sistangalkkum eee vardhicha computing shakti prayojanappedutthaan anuvadichu. 2010-kalil neural netvarkkukal kooduthal nannayi vikasichu, google polulla kambanikal tenserflo polulla ulppannangalilekku soujanyavum thurannathumaaya praveshanam vaagdaanam cheiyunnu, ithu robot nirmmaathaakkale neural nettukal vegathil samyojippikkaan anuvadichu, ithu ettavum cheruthum vilakuranjathumaaya robottukalil polum mukham thirichariyal, object identification thudangiya kazhivukal anuvadikkunnu.
2010-kalil robottukalude valarcha ooppan sozhs software prasthaanatthinte vardhichuvarunna shakthiyumayi poruthappettu, niravadhi kambanikal avarude artificial intelligence softweyarilekku soujanya praveshanam vaagdaanam cheiyunnu. compact single board computerukalude raspberry paii line, microcontrollerukalude ardvino line thudangiya ooppan sozhs hardwareukalum censorukal, motorukal thudangiya electronic gadakangalude vardhichuvarunna nirayum 2010-kalil shakthiyil ganyamaayi vardhikkukayum vila kurayukayum cheythu. 3dii printing polulla nirmmaana saankethikavidyakalude chelavu kurayunnathinoppam, eee gadakangal hobiyistukalkkum gaveshakarkkum nirmmathaakkalkkum orupole uyarnna alavilulla artificial intelligence pradarshippikkunna prathyeka uddeshyamulla robottukal vegathilum vilakuranjathilum nirmmikkanum avarude designukal lokamembaadumulla mattullavarumayi pankidaanum anuvadichu.
svayam oodikkunna kaarukal eee dashakathil oohakkachavadathil ninnu uyarnnuvannavayilekku maari. pathittaandinte avasaanathode, mikka puthiya kaarukalum aduthulla vahanangal allengil pathayil ninnu purappedaan saadhyathayulla apakadangalekkurichu kaarinte manushya driverk munnariyipp nalkaan kazhivulla robotic subsistangal upayogichaanu nirmmichathu. 2014-ll, puthiya tesla vahanangalil oru poornna oottoo pailat software samvidaanathe pinthunaykkunnathinu aavashyamaaya computer hardware gadippichu, thudarnnulla varshangalil svayambharana software samvidaanangal kooduthalaayi apdettukalaayi ethi. pathittaandinte avasaanathode, valia haivekalil svayambharana driving saadhyamaayirunnuvenkilum appozhum manushya melnottam aavasyamaanu.
eee pathittaandil robotic sheshikalude valarcha valia bahurashtra saankethika kambanikalude kaikalilekku saambathika shakti kendreekrithamaakkunnathu chernnaanu sambhavichathu, ithu eee robottukalude kazhivukal upabhokthaakkalkk labhyamaakkunna kambanikal durupayogam cheiyumenna aashankaykku kaaranamaayi. aamason roomba etteduthathu robottukalude censorukalum camerakalum shekharicha upayokthaakkalude veedukalude inteeriyarukalekkurichu daatta aaa upayokthaakkalude arivodeyulla sammathamillaathe sambharikkaanum pankidaanum vishakalanam cheyyaanum kazhiyumenna dattaa svakaaryatha abhibhaashakaril ninnulla aashankakalkku kaaranamaayi. athupole, cheria flying kwaadkopttarukal, hoome automation, robottukalude mukham thirichariyal kazhivukal ennivayude sarvvyaapithvam chainayile vamseeya nyoonapakshangale adichamarthiyenna aaropanangalum amerikkayile niyamapaalakarum svakaaryatha avakashangal lamghikkunnathinekkurichu aashankakalum ulppede manushyavakaasha lamghanangalekkurichu gurutharamaaya aashankakal srishtichu. orikkal manushya oopparettarmaaril maathramaayi parimithappedutthiyirunna robotic samvidaanangal kooduthal kooduthal jolikal cheyyaanulla kazhivu kaanichappol, sankeernamaaya samvidaanangal pravarthippikkunna robottukalkku pothu suraksha urappakkaan aavashyamaaya dhaarmikamo dhaarmikamo aaya samrakshanangal illaayirikkaamenna aashanka pala dhaarmmikavaadikalum unnayichu.
robottukal avakaashangalkk arharaaya bodhavaanmaraaya jeevikalaanennum manushyarude sakhyakakshikalo ethiraalikaloo aakaan saadhyathayullavaraanennum pothuvaaya vishwaasam soochippikkunna pravanathakalode 2010-kalil udaneelam manushyar robottukalumaayulla avarude bandhatthinte swabhaavam parishodhikkunnath thudarnnu. 2017 october 25 nuu riyaadil nadanna bhaavi nikshepa uchakodiyil, sthree sarvanaamangal upayogichu paraamarshikkappedunna sophiya enna robottinu soudi arabian pourathvam nalkukayum pourathvam nedunna aadya robotaayi maarukayum cheythu. ithu vivaadangalkku idayaakki, kaaranam ithu sofiyaykku vottu cheyyaano vivaham kazhikkaano kazhiyumo, atho manahpoorvvam oru samvidaanathe adachupoottunnathu kolapaathakamaayi kanakkakkaanaakumo ennu vyakthamalla; athupole, soudi manushya sthreekalkku ethra kurachu avakashangal nalkiyirikkunnu ennathu kanakkiledukkumbol ithu vivaadamaanu. 2010-kalile janapriya kalaasrishtikalaaya echbioyude "vestt waled" punarujjeevanam robottukalodu sahanubhooti prolsaahippikkukayum manushyarashiyeyum bodhatheyum kurichulla chodyangal paryavekshanam cheyyukayum cheythu.
pathittaandinte avasaanathode, vaanijya, vyaavasaayika robottukal vyaapakamaayi upayogathilundaayirunnu, manushyarekkaal vilakuranjatho kooduthal krithyathayodeyum vishwaasyathayodo koodi jolikal nirvahikkukayum, nirmmaanam, assembly, packing, gathagatham, bhoomi, bahirakasha paryavekshanam, sasthrakriya, aayudangal, laborattari gaveshanam, upabhokthru, vyaavasaayika vasthukkalude vanthothilulla uthppaadanam ennivayil vyaapakamaayi upayogikkukayum cheythu. vyavasaayathiludaneelavum sevana mekhalayilum munbu manushyaril maathramaayi parimithappedutthiyirunna srishtiparamo uyarnna vaidagdhyamullatho aaya jolikalil robottukalude upayogathinte valarcha, vanthothilulla saankethika thozhilillaaymayude dashakathinte avasana bhaagath bhayathinu kaaranamaayi.
eee dashakathinte avasaanathode, robotics naano teknolaji skailil purogathi kaivarikkaan thudangi. 2019ll pensylvania sarvakalaashaalayile enchineeyarmaar pakwathayulla ardhachaalaka vyavasaayathil ninnu kadamedutha saankethikavidya upayogichu eathaanum aazhchakalkkullil dasalakshakkanakkinu nanobottukal srishtichu. manushyashareerathilekku kuthivaykkaanum wireless aayi niyantrikkaanum kazhiyunnathra cheruthum oru divasam marunnukal vitharanam cheyyaanum sasthrakriyakal nadatthaanum kazhiyunna eee microscopic robottukal vaidyashaasthrathilum aarogyathilum viplavam srishtikkunnu.