aadya kayatangal

parvathaarohanathilum malakayattathilum, oru parvathatthinte mukalilekko oru prathyeka malakayatta paathayude mukalilekko vijayakaramaayi rekhappeduthunna aadyathe kayattamaan aadyathe kayatta (guide bukkukalil phaa ennu churukkipparayunnu). irupathaam noottaandinte thudakkathil parvathaarohakarkkum parvathaarohakarkkum prashasthamaaya parvathanirakalude (udha.jii. ettaayiram), malakayatta pathakal (udha.jii. aalpsinte valia vadakke mukhangal) saadhyamaaya eathu maargathiloodeyum, palappozhum ganyamaaya alavil sahaaya kayattam upayogikkukayo allengil valia paryaveshana shailiyilulla pinthunaa teamukal upayogichu kayarunnathin "uparodham" nadathukayo cheiyunnu. 
ellah pradhana kodumudikalum mukalil kayariyathinanusarichu, mukalil athunna reethi pradhanamaayi maari, prathyekichu krithrima sahayamillaathe kayattam poortthiyaakkaanulla kazhivu, ithine swatantra kayattamenn vilikkunnu. swatantra kayattatthil, oru parvathamo kayatta paathayo krithrima sahayamillaathe kayarumbol aadyathe swatantra kayattamenna padam (eph. eph. eiii. ennu churukkatthil) upayogikkunnu (veezhchayundaayaal samrakshanathinulla upakaranangal purogathikku sahaayikkaathidatholam kaalam upayogikkaam). oru malakayatta paathayude eph. eph. eiii poortthiyaakkunnathine palappozhum freing (allengil kooduthal avasaanamaayi ayaykkal) root ennu vilikkunnu.
bandhapetta nibandhanakal.
parvathaarohanam.
irupathaam noottaandil parvathaarohanam vikasichathode, eathaandu eathu maargathiloodeyum oru kodumudi nedunnathinu pakaram upayogicha sailiyum abhimukheekaricha saahacharyangalum prathifalippikkunna kayatangal nadannu. 2008-ll parvathaarohanatthile ettavum abhimaanakaramaaya vaarshika sammanamaaya piolet dii oor, "seej" teknikkukal upayogikkunna valia paryaveshana shailiyilulla teamukalkk pakaram oru tharatthilulla sahaayamo pinthunayo upayogikkaathe bharam kuranja cheria alpine shailiyilulla teamukalilekku shradha kendreekarichu.
charitraparamaaya parvathaarohanatthinte aadya aarohanangalude ettavum sradheyamaaya tharangal ivayaanu
paara kayaral.
paara kayaralil, aadyathe swatantra kayattatthinte reethi jenalukalum maasikakalum kayarunnathiloode charithratthil pradhanamaayi maari. paatha swathanthramaayi kayarunna shailiyaayirunnu pradhana vyathyaasangal (udha.jii. parambaraagatha kayattam, sports climbing, allengil soujanya sooloo climbing), aadya shramathil thanne swatantra kayattam nadathiyittundo (udha.jii. kaazhchayillaathavar), parvathaarohakanu munkoor vivarangal undo atho beettayundo.
charitraparamaaya ettavum sradheyamaaya paara kayaral aadya kayatangal ivayaanu
sradheyamaaya tharkkangal.
vividha kaaranangalal (upayogicha shailiyekkurichulla tharkkangal, sthireekaranavumaayi bandhapetta prasnangal, durvishwaasathinteyum vanchanayudeyum aropanangal) aadyathe kayattatthinte (allengil aadyathe swatantra kayattatthinte) avakaashavaadangalekkurichu sradheyamaaya tharkkangal undaayittund, ettavum sradheyamaayathu oru puthiya grade naazhikakkallum koodaathe/allengil budhimuttile pradhana purogathiyum nirddeshikkappedunnu

