
pukayilaykkethire pravartthikkunna vidyaarthikal

pukayila kambanikal yuvaakkale krithrimamaayi kaikaaryam cheiyunnathinum lakshyamidunnathinum ethire vidyaarthikale bodhavalkkarikkunnathinum onnippikkunnathinum pravartthikkunna amerikkayiludaneelamulla swatantra grouppukalude pankitta peraanu pukayila allengil swaattinethire pravartthikkunna vidyaarthikal. swaattinte oro division oro samsthaanathinum swathanthramaayi kaikaaryam cheyyappedunnu.
1998ll florida skoolukalil aadyathe swaatt group sthaapikkappettu. thaazhethattil ninnu eee paripadi nadappilakkunnathinaayi florida samsthaanam samsthaanavyaapaka samrambhathe nayikkaan 10 yuvaakkale thiranjedutthu, cleveland robinson eee yuvaakkaliloraalaayirunnu. 1997ll florida samsthaanam pukayila kambanikalkkethiraaya oru cases adutha 25 varshathinullil nalkenda 11.3 bilyan dollarinu (pinneedu sauhruda bhasha vyavasthayiloode 13 bilyan dollariladhikam aayi uyarnnu) theerppaakki. yuvakkal pukavali thadayunnathinulla oru samsthaana padhathikku dhanasahayam nalkunnathinaayi annathe govarnor lottan chails settilmentil nediya panam nirddeshichu. eee fandukalil ninnu panam vannu. 1998 muthal 2003 vare floridayile yuvaakkalkkidayil pukavali 50 sathamaanathiladhikam kuranju.
naalu praadeshika pukayila prathirodha kordinettarmaarude maarganirdeshaprakaaram floridayil swaatt athinte pravartthanangal thudarunnu. 2005ll floridaykku mattoru pukayila settilment labhichu, 2006 november 7nuu floridiakkaar bhedagathi 4 passacan vottu cheythu, settilmentinte 15 sathamaanam (57 dasalaksham dollar) samsthaanavyaapaka pukayila vidyaabhyaasathinum prathirodha padhathikkum dhanasahayam nalkaan upayogichu. eee fund oro kaundikkum avarude vivechanaadhikaarathil chelavazhikkaan labhyamaakkiyittund. roga niyanthrana kendrangal yuvaakkalude neethrthwathilulla pukayila prathirodha sramangal saadhuvaayi amgeekarichittilla.
tina rosenberginte abhipraayathil, "clubble cheruka" enna pusthakatthinte pejukalil pukayila vyavasaya prachaaranathekkurichum yuvaakkale pukayilayodu cherkkunnathinulla krithrimathvathekkurichum (joou ottaka parasya kaambeyn polullava) floridayude swaatt kaambeynile ettavum phalapradamaaya pr upakaranamaayirunnu. jeb bush gavarnaraayathin sheshavum niyamasabha dhanasahayam vettikkuraykkaan thudangiyathinu sheshavum swaatt kramena engane apakeerthippeduthiyenna avar vivarikkunnu. floridayude aarogya vakupp niyanthrikkunna nilavile kaambayin kaumaarakkaarude pukavali kuraykkunnathinu phalapradamallennu kandethiya vivarangal maathrame upayogikkunnulloo.
75-aamm pejil, aarr. tii. aii internaashanalinte gaveshanathe kurichu rosenberg vivarikkunnu, rund vishwaasangal maathramaan yadhaarthathil kaumaarapraayakkaarude pukavaliyumaayi bandhappettirikkunnathe kaanikkunnu 1) sigaratt kambanikal nuna parayunnu, 2) sigaratt kambanikal yuvaakkale pukavali aarambikkaan shramikkunnu. 78-aamm pejil avar rekhappeduthunnathu, "pukayila vyavasaayam asakti, aarogyaparamaya prathyaaghaathangal, saamoohika chelavukal ennee vishayangalkk amgeekaaram nalki, kaaranam avaa theliyikkapetta paraajayangalaayirunnu. samsthaanangal orupakshe avarkk nannayi ariyaathathinaal [maasttar settilment karaarinte] samayat avarodu sammathichirikkaam."
mishigan, newyork, oklahoma ennivayulppedeyulla samsthaanangalil chilappol peril vyathyaasamundengilum atharam mattu paripaadikal nilavilundu.

