
2011 yunaittad kingdom badal vottu hitaparisodhana

 
paarlamentari votting samvidaanathekkurichulla yunaittad kingdom wide referendum ennum ariyappedunna yunaittad kingdom ithara vottu referendum 2011 meyy 5 vyaazhazhcha (pala pradeshangalileyum praadeshika thiranjeduppukalude athe theeyathi) yunaittad kingdatthil (yuke) thudarnnulla pothutheranjeduppukalil empikale thiranjedukkunnathinulla reethi thiranjedukkunnathinaayi nadannu. 2010ll roopeekaricha yaadhaasthithika-liberal janaadhipathya sakhya karaarinte vyavasthayaayum (1974 februvariyil nadanna oru pothutheranjeduppinu sesham) 2009leeii chelavukal sambandhicha vivaadathinu sesham parokshamaayum ithu sambhavichu. paarlamentari votting sisttam aandu niyojakamandala niyamam 2011 leeii vyavasthakalkku keezhil pravartthikkunna ithu rashtreeya partykal, thiranjeduppu, hitaparisodhana niyamam 2000 ennivayil paranjirikkunna vyavasthakalkku keezhil nadanna aadyathe deseeya hitaparisodhanayaanu.
nilavile "aadya-kazhinja-poost" samvidaanathe "badal vottu" (evi) reethi upayogichu maattisthaapikkanamo vendayo ennathinekkurichulla hitaparisodhana, irupathiyonnaam noottaandil yunaittad kingdatthiludaneelam nadanna aadyathe deseeya hitaparisodhanayaayirunnu. desheeyathalathil 42 sathamaanam polling rekhappeduthiya vottarmaarude aii. dii. 1. eiii. vii. avatharippikkanulla nirddesham nirasichu.
ithu yuu. keey. yill nadanna randaamathe hitaparisodhana mathramaayirunnu (aadyathethu 1975 leeii iii. sii. hitaparisodhanayaayirunnu), thiranjeduppu kammeeshan melnottam vahikkunna aadyathethaanu. europian samoohangalumaayo europian unionumaayo bandhamillaattha oru vishayathil nadanna eaka yuu. keey. vyaapakamaayi nadanna hitaparisodhanayaanu ithu, mathramalla ithu aadyathethu koodiyaalochana mathramalla athinte theerumaanam praabalyatthil varuthaan sarkkar prathijnjaabadhamaanu.
18 vayassinu mukalilulla ellah rajisterdu watermark (yukeyil thamasikkunna britiish, airish, komanvelthu pouranmaar, purathu thamasikkunna britiish pouranmaare chertthathu)-house oof lordsile amgangal ulppede (yuke pothu thiranjeduppil vottu cheyyaan kazhiyaathavar)-pankedukkaan arhathayundaayirunnu.
42. 2 sathamaanam polyingle 68 sathamaanam perr 'illa' ennum 32 sathamaanam perr 'athe' ennum vottu cheythu. 440 praadeshika votting pradeshangalil 10 ennathilum 50 sathamaanathiladhikam 'athe' vottukal rekhappeduthi ooksfoord, cambridge, eddinberg central, glasgo kelvin ennivayaayirunnu naalu, backie aarr landanilaanu.
charithram.
charitraparamaaya pashchaathalam.
1917num 1931num idayil paarlamentil niravadhi thavana badal vottum pothusabhaykkulla eaka kaimaattam cheyyaavunna vottum (ezz. tii. vii) charcha cheyyappedukayum athu amgeekarikkappedunnathino adukkukayum cheythu. liberalukalum thozhilaallikalum vividha samayangalil onno rando moonno anga mandalangalil kaimaattam cheyyappedaattha vottingil ninnu evi allengil estivi ennathilekku maattunnathine pinthunachu. sarvakalashaala seettukalaayi ezz. tii. vii. sweekarichu (1949ll nirthalaakkappettu). evi, estivi ennivayil vottarmaarude rank oordar cheiyunnathinulla mungananakal ulppedunnu. ennirunnaalum, onniladhikam amgangalulla niyojakamandalangal upayogichu aanupathika praathinidhyatthinte oru roopamaayi ezz. tii. vii kanakkaakkappedunnu, athesamayam eakaamga niyojakamandalangalil eiii. vii. allah.
1950ll ellah mandalangalum otta amgangalaayi maarukayum ellah vottukalum kaimaattam cheyyappedathirikkukayum cheythu. athinusesham 2010 vare, pothuvaaya bhooripakshathode yunaittad kingdatthile oro sarkkarum roopeekaricha rund partykalaaya laber, kansarvetteevu partykal, pothuvaaya eee ekeekritha "phastt-paast-dhii-poost" (efptipi) votting samvidaanathil ninnu maarunnathinulla nirddeshangal ellaayppozhum vottu cheythu. mattu vividha britiish thiranjeduppukalkkaayi mattu votting samvidaanangal avatharippichu. vadakkan irelandil ezz. tii. vii veendum avatharippikkukayum vadakkan ireland ozhikeyulla europian thiranjeduppukalkkaayi listt-pii. aarr avatharippikkukayum cheythu.
adhikaarathilillaathappol, thiranjeduppu parishkkaranam parisodhikkaan laber party oru pravartthaka samghathe roopeekarichu. thathfalamaayundaaya plaant kammeeshan 1993-ll report cheyyukayum lunden meyarine thiranjedukkaan upayogikkunna samvidaanathe, komansilekkulla thiranjeduppinaayi, supplementary vottu sweekarikkaan shupaarsha cheyyukayum cheythu. laberinte 1997leeii prakadanapathrika pothusamoohatthinaayulla votting samvidaanathekkurichu oru hitaparisodhana nadatthaanum aaa hitaparisodhanayil eph. pii. tii. pii. kku aanupaathikamaaya oru badal shupaarsha cheyyaan oru swatantra kammeeshan roopeekarikkaanum party prathijnjaabadharaakki.
1997leeii pothutheranjeduppil vijayichathinusesham, puthiya thozhil sarkkar thalphalamaayi, sameepa varshangalil britiish raashtreeyathile moonnaam kakshiyum aanupathika praathinidhyathe deerghakaalamaayi pinthunaykkunnavarumaaya liberal demokraattukalude pinthunayode thiranjeduppu parishkaranatthinaayi jenkins kammeeshan roopeekarichu. (kammeeshan chairman rooy jenkins oru liberal demokraat pier muun thozhil manthriyumaayirunnu.) kammeeshan 1998 septambaril report cheyyukayum puthiya badal vottu topp-upp allengil evi + samvidaanam nirddeshikkukayum cheythu. vishalamaaya aanupaathikathayude aavasyakatha" niravettaan chumathalappedutthiya kammeeshan eph. pii. tii. pii. yeei yathaathatha sthithiyaayi, eiii. vii. yeei oopshanukalaayi nirasichu. eakaamga mandalam britiish paarlamentari paarambaryatthinte antharleenamaaya bhagamalla" ennu athu choondikkaatti (adhyayam 3, khandika 21). 1885 vare ithu asaadhaaranamaayirunnu..athuvare bhooribhaagam seettukalum rund amgangalaayirunnu..."(1276ll sthaapithamaaya engleesh sambradaayam). asamathvathe ozhivakkaan valareyadhikam karyangal cheiyunnathil ninnu, athu ganyamaayi cherkkaan praapthamaanu" ennathinaal jenkins avaye nirasichu. aswasthathayundaakkunna pravachanatheethavum" "asveekaaryamaaya aneethiyum" ennum avaye visheshippichu.
ennaal, hitaparisodhanaykkulla niyamanirmmanam munnott vachilla. puthiya scotish paarlamentinum velsh, lunden niyamasabhakalkkum aanupathika samvidaanangal avatharippikkukayum mayer thiranjeduppinaayi anubandha vottu avatharippikkukayum cheythu. 1999-ll house oof loards parishkaranatthode, prabhukkanmaril irikkunna sheshikkunna 92 paarambarya samapraayakkaarkk pakarakkaare thiranjedukkunnathinaayi avaa avatharippichu.
2001leeii adutha pothutheranjeduppil, laber prakadana pathrikayil party puthiya samvidaanangalude (scotland, weils, vadakkan ireland ennividangalile) anubhavavum jenkins report avalokanam cheyyumennum, athu pothusamoohatthil maattangalude saadhyatha vilayiruthumennum, athu ippozhum oru hitaparisodhanaykku vidheyamaayirikkum. scotish paarlamentil thozhilaallikaludeyum liberal demokraattukaludeyum oru sakhyam skotlandile thaddesha thiranjeduppukalkkaayi ezz. tii. vii. avatharippichenkilum pothuthiranjeduppu parishkkaranam nischalamaayi.
thiranjeduppinu munpu.
2009leeii chelavukal sambandhicha vivaadathinte pashchaathalatthil paarlamentil vishwaasam punasthaapikkaanulla aagraham choondikkaatti 2010 februvariyil, (1997 muthal adhikaarathilirunna) thozhil sarkkar athinte bharanaghadanaa parishkarana billil bhedagathi varuthi, adutha paarlamentil eaviye avatharippikkunnathinekku oru hitaparisodhana ulppeduthi. neratthe, ezz. tii. vii. yill referendum nadathunnathinulla oru liberal demokraat bhedagathi 69 nethire 476 vottukalkku parajayappettu. paarlament pirichuvidunnathinu munbu bill niyamamaakaan aaa paarlamentinte kaalavadhiyil mathiyaya samayam avasheshichirunnilla; athinaal niravadhi yaadhaasthithika, liberal demokraat empimar eee neekkam rashtreeya thanthramaayi thallikkalanju.
thudarnnulla 2010 leeii pothutheranjeduppu prachaaranatthil, "oro empic oro thiranjeduppilum vottu cheiyunna avarude gadakangalil bhooribhaagavum pinthunaykkunnuvennu urappakkaan" oru hitaparisodhanayiloode evi avatharippikkunnathine laber manifesto pinthunachu. liberal demokraattukal aanupathika praathinidhyathinaayi vaadichu, munganana kaimaattam cheyyaavunna otta vottu vazhiyaan, yaadhaasthithikar efptp nilanirthanamennu vaadichu. yaadhaasthithikarum liberal demokraattukalum emm. pii. esinte ennam kuraykkaan nirddeshichappol yaadhaasthithika party kooduthal thulya valippathilulla niyojakamandalangalkkayi vaadichu.
raajnjiyude prasamgatthinte thiranjeduppu phalam.
6nuu nadanna 2010leeii yuu. keey. pothutheranjeduppu 1974nuu sheshamulla aadyathethu oru thookumara paarlamentilekku nayichekkaam, ithu oru charchakalilekku nayichu. thiranjeduppinu munbulla prathinjaye maanichukondu, liberal demokraat nethaavu nick clegg ettavum kooduthal vottukalum ettavum kooduthal seettukalum nediya party yaadhaasthithikarumaayi charcha nadatthi. rund paarttikalum thammilulla nirddishta "poornnavum sariyaayathumaaya" sakhyathinaayulla yaadhaasthithikarude charchakalil "anthima vaagdaanam" yude bhaagamaayi badal vottil oru hitaparisodhana liberal demokraattukalkk vilyam hege vaagdaanam cheythu. liberal demokraattukalkk hitaparisodhanayillaathe badal vottu vaagdaanam cheiyunna laberinu marupadiyaayaanu ithu ennu hegum yaadhaasthithika nethaavumaaya david cameron paranju, ennirunnaalum laber atharamoru vaagdaanam nalkiyittillenn pinneedu puratthuvannu. liberal demokraattukalum thozhilaallikalum thammilulla charchakal vegathil avasaanichu. 2010 meyy 11 nuu pradhaanamantri gorden braun sthaanamozhiyukayum thudarnnu yaadhaasthithikarum liberal demokraattukalum thammil oru samboornna sakhya sarkkar sthaapikkukayum cheythu. david cameron pradhaanamantriyum liberal demokraat nethaavu nick clegg upapradhaanamanthriyum aayi.
2010 meyy 11-leeii aadya yaadhaasthithika-liberal janaadhipathya sakhya karaaril, sakhyathil praveshikkunnathinu munbu iru paarttikalum thammil sammathicha vishayangal vishadamaakki. oru thiranjeduppu parishkarana hitaparisodhanayude vishayathil athu prasthaavichu
yaadhaasthithikarum liberal demokraattukalum thammilulla karaarinethudarnnu, puthiya sakhya sarkkar ippol roopeekarichathode, hitaparisodhanaykkulla oru prathibaddhatha 2010 meyy 25 nuu sakhya sarkkaarinte raajnjiyude prasamgatthil paarlamentari parishkarana billayi ulppeduthi, ennirunnaalum hitaparisodhanaykku theeyathi nischayichittilla.
sakhya karar sarkkaarile irupaarttikalum thangalude paarlamentari paarttikale house oof komansilum house oof lordsilum billine pinthunaykkaan "vipp" cheyyaan prathijnjaabadharaayi, athuvazhi samyojitha yaadhaasthithika-liberal demokraat votting blokkinte komansile lalithamaaya bhooripaksham kaaranam ithu niyamamaayi pasakumennu nyayamaayum pratheekshikkaamenn urappaakkunnu. potusabha pasakia oru billine thadayunnathinupakaram karthaakkalkku kaalathamasam varuthaan maathrame kazhiyoo.
paarlamentiloode kadannupokunnu.
raajnjiyude prasamgathinu sesham report cheytha "guardian" parayunnathanusarichu, peru velippeduthaatha referendum anukoola kaabinat amgangal 2011 meyy 5 nuu nadanna hitaparisodhana scotish paarlamentilekkum velsh asambliyilekkum niravadhi engleesh praadeshika kaunsilukalilekkum nadakkunna thiranjeduppumaayi poruthappedanamennu aagrahichirunnathayi vishwasikkappedunnu. prasamgatthil prakhyaapicha paarlamentari paripadi kaaranam 2010 octoberil thanne oru hitaparisodhana nadathaamenna nick kleginte muun prateeksha yaadhaarthyabodhamillaathi kanakkakkappettu.
2010 juulai 5 nuu, sakhya karaaril nischayichittulla vishalamaaya paakkejinte bhaagamaayi, 2011 meyy 5 nuu referendum theeyathi nischayikkunnathum ulppede, paarlamentari parishkarana billinulla vishadamaaya padhathikal clegg house oof komansinu nalkia prasthavanayil prakhyaapichu. eiii. vii. yekkurichulla oru hitaparisodhanaykku purame, westminstar paarlamentari niyojakamandalangalude valippam kuraykkukayum punarnirmmikkukayum cheyyuka, nischithakaala paarlamentukal avatharippikkuka, adutha pothutheranjeduppinte theeyathi 2015 meyy 7 aayi nischayikkuka, paarlament neratthe pirichuvidunnathinulla votting paridhi 55 shathamaanamaayi maattuka, avarude gadakangal mpacne thirichuvilikkuka enniva ulppedeyulla mattu sakhya nadapadikalum parishkarana billil ulppedunnu.
thaddesha thiranjeduppum nadanna sthalangalil polling kooduthalaayirikkumennu pravachichirunnathinaal 5nuu vottu nadathaanulla padhathikal phalathe valachodikkunnathaayi chila yaadhaasthithika emm. pii. maare vimarshichekkaam. athe divasam nadanna avarude vibhajana thiranjeduppukalil athu cheluthunna prathyaaghaathangalkku scotish, velsh, vadakkan airish empimaaril ninnu vimarsanavum nerittu, athesamayam clegg svayam laberil ninnu kooduthal vimarsanangal nerittu, koodaathe aanupathika praathinidhyathekkurichu muun liberal demokraat nilapaadukalil ninnu pinmaariyathin liberal demokraat empimaarude pinthuna kurayunnathine soochippichu. hitaparisodhana chodyam lalithamaanennum ithu 17 milyan poundu chelavu labhikkumennum clegg theeyathiye nyaayeekarichu. 45 mpacl kooduthal, kooduthalum yaadhaasthithikar, theeyathi maattanamenn aavasyappettu oru prameyathil oppuvachu. 2007 leeii scotish paarlamentinteyum kaunsil thiranjeduppinteyum "araajakathvathe"thudarnnu, pothu scotish kaarya select kammitti chairman iyaan davidson empy, scotish paarlamentumaayi koodiyaalochicha sesham, referendum theeyathi vare scotish paarlamentile (emm. ezz. pii. ezz) amgangalkkidayil "ekakandamaaya" ethirppu undennu 2010 septambaril prasthaavichu.
2010 juulai 22 nuu nischithakaala paarlamentukalude nirddesham nischithakaala paarlament billayi paarlamentil avatharippikkappettu, athesamayam potujoliyum pirichuvidal krameekaranangalile maattavum niyojakamandalangale thulyamaakkunnathinulla nirddeshangalum paarlamentari votting samvidaanathilum niyojakamandala billilum munnottuvachu, athinanusarichu moonnu bhagangalundaayirunnu bhagam 1, paarlamentari thiranjeduppinulla votting samvidaanam; bhagam 2, paarlamentari niyojakamandalangal; bhagam 3, vividha, pothuvaayava. nirddishta hitaparisodhana chodyathinte vaachakam billil adangiyirunnu.
engleeshil nirddeshikkappetta yadhaartha chodyam ithaayirunnu
velshil
oru lalithamaaya athe/illa enna utharam anuvadikkuka (orotta (x) kondu adayaalappeduthuka).
prathyekichu thaazhnna vidyaabhyaasamo saaksharathayo ullavarkku eee chodyam kadinaadhvaanam cheyyappettuvennum athu manassilakunnillennum" paranju thiranjeduppu kammeeshan eee vaakkukale vimarshichu. prashnam eluppathil manassilakkaan thiranjeduppu kammeeshan vaakkukal maattaan shupaarsha cheyyukayum thudarnnu thiranjeduppu kammeeshante shupaarshakalkk anusrithamaayi sarkkar billil bhedagathi varuthukayum cheythu.
2010 septambar 7 nuu 269 nethire 328 vottukalkku bill komansil oru idakkaala votteduppil pasaki.
loard rooker (swathanthran) lordsil nirddeshicha oru bhedagathi, hitaparisodhanaykku kuranjathu 40 sathamaanam vottu venamennu aavashyappedunna oru bhedagathi, thozhilaallikalum bhooripaksham cross bencharmaarum patthu vimatha yaadhaasthithikarum pinthunakkukayum oru vottinu pasakkukayum cheythu. laberinte 2010leeii eiii. vii. referendum nirddeshathil atharamoru paridhi ulppeduthiyitla, eee referendathinaayi orennam adichelppikkaan sramichathinu avar vimarsikkappettu, athesamayam laber pasakia billinu keezhil nadanna 2011 leeii velsh referendathinum paridhi illaayirunnu (aaa referendathile polling 35 sathamaanam maathramaayirunnathinaal athu undaayirunnengil paraajayappedumaayirunnu). charchayude avasana manikkoorukalil, paarlamentari ping-ponginte oru "geyim" loards veendum earppeduthunnathinumbu pothumaar threashold bhedagathi asaadhuvaakkukayum pinneedu veendum neekkam cheyyukayum cheythu.
bhedagathikalil irusabhakalum thammilulla chila vittuveezhchakalk sesham 2011 februvari 16 nuu bill niyamamaayi pasaki.
niyamanirmmanam.
paarlamentari votting samvidaanavum niyojakamandala niyamavum 2011 referendum nadatthaan vyavastha cheiyunnu, anubandha mattangal athu eiii. vii. yude amgeekaarathilekku nayichittundenkil. yadhaarthathil hitaparisodhana nadakkunnathinu munbu bill niyamamaayi pasakkunnathu aavashyamaaya nadapadiyaayirunnu. 2011 februvari 16nuu ithinu rajakeeya anumathi labhichu.
eee niyamathinu inipparayunna neenda thalakkett undu
hitaparisodhana chodyam.
sakhya karaarinte adisthaanathil, pothu thiranjeduppukalil upayogikkunna nilavile aadya-kazhinja-poost (efptp) thiranjeduppu samvidaanathe badal vottu (evi) samvidaanathode maattisthaapikkanamo enna chodyathinu 'athe/illa' enna lalithamaaya bhooripakshamaayirunnu hitaparisodhana.
hitaparisodhanayil uyarnna chodyam ithaayirunnu
veyilsil baalat pepparile chodyavum velshil prathyakshappettu
oru lalithamaaya athe/illa enna utharam anuvadikkuka (orotta (x) kondu adayaalappeduthuka).
bharanam.
vividha yunaittad kingdom thaddesha thiranjeduppukal, 2011 scotish paarlament thiranjeduppu, 2011 velsh niyamasabha thiranjeduppu, 2011 vadakkan ireland niyamasabha thiranjeduppu ennivaykkoppam 2011 meyy 5 nuu hitaparisodhana nadannu. englandu, weils, vadakkan ireland ennividangalile watermark 2011 epril 14 vyaazhazhcha ardharaathriyaayirunnu referendathil vottu cheyyaan rajisttar cheyyaanulla samayaparidhi, athesamayam skotlandile watermark 2011 epril 15 velliyaazhcha ardharaathri vare rajisttar cheyyanundaayirunnu. yunaittad kingdatthile anjjaatha vottaraayi yogyatha nediya arcum 2011 epril 26 chovvazhcha ardharaathri vare rajisttar cheyyanundaayirunnu. 2011 meyy 6 nuu vaikunneram 4 munny muthal vividha thiranjeduppu baalattukalkk sesham englandu, scotland, weils ennividangalile referendum balattukal ennappettu. phalam saadhuthayullathaayirikkaan aavashyamaaya polling paridhiyil referendathinu kuranja paridiyonnumilla.
electoral rajisttarile arcum pothu thiranjeduppil vottu cheyyaan arhathayundengil avarkk hitaparisodhanayil vottu cheyyaan arhathayundaayirunnu. ithil yukeik purathu thamasikkunna videsha votermaaraayi rajisttar cheytha britiish pouranmaarum ulppedunnu. koodaathe, oru pothu thiranjeduppil vottu cheyyaan arhathayillaatha house oof lordsile amgangalkku, praadeshika thiranjeduppil vottu cheyyaan arhathayundengil, referendathil vottu cheyyaan arhathayundaayirunnu.
prachaarana sthaanangal.
rashtreeya partykal.
sakhyakakshikal.
sakhyakakshikal ethirvashangalil pracharanam nadatthi, liberal demokraattukal eiii. vii. yeei pinthunaykkukayum yaadhaasthithikar athine ethirkkukayum cheythu.
kansarvetteevu party aupachaarika nilapad undaayirunnittum, thiranjeduppu parishkaranatthinu anukoolamaaya oru aabhyanthara party grouppaaya thiranjeduppu parishkaranathinaayulla yaadhaasthithika nadapadiyumaayi sakhyamundaakkiya party amgangal anukoolamaayi pracharanam nadatthi, athesamayam oru bbc warta report 'chila torry empimar' oru 'athe' falathekkurichu 'elavu' nalkiyennu visheshippichu. chila yaadhaasthithikar eiii. vii. kku anukoolamaayi pracharanam nadatthi.jii."andrew boff aam; andrew marshell, camden kaunsilile kansarvetteevu grouppinte muun medhavi. yaadhaasthithika party athinte nethaavine thiranjedukkaan thudarchayaaya baalattukalude oru samvidaanam upayogikkunnu, athine "eiii. vii. yude oru roopam" ennu visheshippichirikkunnu (oro roundilum ettavum kuranja vottukal ulla sthaanaarthi ozhivakkappedunnathinaal), ennaal eiii. vii. yill ninnu vyathyasthamayi, oro baalattilum sthaanaarthikale mungananayude kramatthil rank cheiyunnilla.
mattu kakshikal house oof komansil prathinidheekarichu.
2010 leeii pothutheranjeduppinethu laber oru puthiya nethaavine thiranjedukkukayum vijayi eddu milliband ulppede niravadhi neethrthwa sthaanaarthikal aviye pinthunaykkukayum cheythu; ennirunnaalum, andy benhaam hitaparisodhanaye vimarshichu. muun thozhil videshakaarya sekrattari maargarat bekkatt noow tuu evi prachaaranatthinte prasidantaayirunnu. party mattu anuyaayikalum sakhyathe akramikkaan referendum upayogikkukayum yaadhaasthithika partic prayojanakaramennu karuthunna athirthi mattangal ulppeduthunnathinte adisthaanathil nilavil referendathinu vyavastha cheiyunna billinethire shabdamuyarthukayum cheythu.
played simru aviye pinthunachuvenkilum athe divasam thanne prathyeka velsh vottukalil shradha kendreekarichathinaal prachaaranatthil sajeeva punk vahichilla. scotish naashanal party, pr-estivic deerghakaala pinthuna nilanirtthiyappol, hitaparisodhanayil 'athe' vottine pinthunachu. 2011 leeii velsh niyamasabha thiranjeduppinum 2011 leeii scotish paarlament thiranjeduppinum ore samayam ithu nadatthaan aagrahikkaathathinaal eee rund paarttikalum aasootritha hitaparisodhana theeyathiye ethirthu.
vadakkan airish partikalkkidayil, sakhya party soshyal demookratik aandu laber party (sdlp) evi yeei pinthunachu. sdlp nethaavu maargarat richi thante party anukoolamaayi sajeevamaayi pracharanam nadathumennu prakhyaapichu. siin fenum 'athe' vottine pinthunachuvenkilum demookratik unionist party 'illa' vottine pinthunachu.
green party oof englandu aandu weils 2010 septambarile party konfaransil hitaparisodhanayil eiii. vii. yude prachaaranatthil cheraan vottu cheythu. partyile niravadhi pramukha vyakthikal thangalude ishta samvidaanamaaya aanupathika praathinidhyathilekkal oru chuvaduveppaayi eee maattathe pinthunachu. neratthe, party nethaavum eaka empiyumaaya carolin lucas aanupathika praathinidhyam thiranjedukkunna oru hitaparisodhanaykku ahvaanam cheythirunnu. ennirunnaalum, party konfaransil, upanethaavu adrian ramse vaadichu, "eee hitaparisodhanayil ningal vendennu vottu cheythaal, ningal yadhaartha parishkkaranam aagrahichathukondaano atho eathenkilum parishkaranatthe athirthathukondaano ningal avaa nirasikkunnathenn arcum ariyilla."
cheria partykal.
aanupaathikamaaya oru samvidaanamaanu thangalkk ishtamenkilum badal vottine pinthunaykkumennu yuke independence party deseeya executive kammitti audyogikamaayi prakhyaapichu. avarkk ethire vottu cheyyaamennu amgangale ariyichu oru iii-meyil ayachu, pakshe avare prachaaranatthinu anuvadichilla.
britiish naashanal party eiii. vii. yeei vimarsikkukayum 'illa' enna vottine pinthunaykkukayum cheythu.
bahumana party aanupathika praathinidhyathe pinthunaykkukayum eiii. vii. yethire pracharanam nadathukayum cheythu. evi samvidaanam vottukalum seettukalum thammil kooduthal asanthulithaavastha srishtikkukayum pakaram aanupaathikamaaya oru samvidaanathe prolsaahippikkukayum cheythathinte adisthaanathil 'illa' vottu aavasyappettu 2011 februvari 24 nuu gopuram graamangale prathinidheekarichu roob hovman eest lunden parasyadaathaavin kathezhuthi.
ellah thiranjeduppukalilum ezz. tii. vii. sweekarikkaanaanu scotish green party eshtappedunnathenkilum avaye pinthunachu.
alsttar unionist party parambaraagatha unionist shabdavum 'illa' enna vottine pinthunachu. aanupathika praathinidhyathodulla vanchanayayi avar kandathinal green party northen ireland aviyilekkulla maattathe ethirthu.
engleesh demokraattukal, kristhyan peeples alayans, kristhyan party ennivayellaam eiii. vii. yeei pinthunachu. pairett party yuke 'athe' vottu amgeekarichu, 90 sathamaanathiladhikam amgangal evikk pinthuna prakadippichu.
kooduthal parishkaranatthinum ezz. tii. vii. ykkum saadhyathayulla" "oru chuvaduvayppaayi" avaye kaanukayum 'athe' prachaaranatthe pinthunaykkaan liberal party sammathikkukayum cheythu ".
britiish communist party avine ethirthu.
cornish deseeyavaada partyaya mebiyon kerno aanupathika praathinidhyathe anukoolikkukayum hitaparisodhana watermark aaa oopshan nalkaathathil niraashappedukayum cheythu. ennirunnaalum, 2011 epril 1 nuu mebiyon kerno 'athe' prachaaranatthe pinthunaykkumennu leader dick kooll prakhyaapichu.
yunaittad kingdom libertarian party aadyakaala posttile cheria purogathiyaayi avaye anukoolichu.
varggasamarathinte pashchaathalatthil "nammude vottukal enthinuvendiyaanu upayogikkunnathu ennathaanu kooduthal pradhaanamenn" vaadichukondu grettu brittanile soshyalist party oru nishpaksha nilapad sweekarichu.
soshyalist party aviye ethirthu, athu aadya poost kazhinjathinekkaal aanupaathikamallenn choondikkaatti.
party pradhana janaadhipathya aavasyangalil purogathi nalkunnillennu vaadichu thozhilaalli swaathanthryathinaayulla sakhyam avaye ethirthu.
raashtreeyakkaar.
kansarvetteevu party pradhaanamantri david cameron liberal demokraattukalude upapradhaanamanthri nick clegg ore divasam yathaakramam 'illa', 'athe' prachaaranangale pinthunachu prasamgangal nadathiyenkilum athinusesham iruvarum sajeevamaayirunnuvenkilum pracharanangalil kooduthal pankedukkumennu pratheekshichirunnilla. janaadhipathyaviruddhavum avyakthavum anyaayavum bhranthum" ennaanu cameron avaye visheshippichathu. addehathinte edapedaline back-bench yaadhaasthithika empimar prashamsichu.
thaan 'athe' prachaaranatthil sajeevamaayi pankedukkumennu laber nethaavu eddu milliband paranju, athesamayam veyilsinte pradhama mantriyum velsh laber nethaavumaaya carvin johnsum scotish laber leader ainn gray avaye pinthunachu. alan jonson, peettar heyne, hilari benn, joonn denham, liam bairn, saadikh khaan, tessa joval, benn bradshaw, dougless alexander, alastair darling, diane abbot, debby abrahams ennivarulppede 50 ladhikam laber empimaarum 'athe' prachaaranatthe pinthunachu. athe' prachaaranatthe pinthunaykkunna laber samaprayakkaaril loard mandelson, oona king, reymond plaant (1993 leeii laber working grouppinte thiranjeduppu parishkaranatthinte chairman), andrew adonis, aanthani giddens, muun laber leader neel kinnock, muun deputy leader rooy haattezhsli, glenis kinnock ennivar ulppedunnu, athesamayam eaviye pinthunaykkunna kooduthal laber vyakthikalil lunden muun mayer kenn livingstan, maikkal cashman mep, tonny benn, muun laber kaunsil sthaanaarthiyum speaker saali bercovinte bharya ulppedunnu.
liberal demokraattukal 'athe' vottine pinthunakkukayum niravadhi vyakthigatha liberal demokraat raashtreeyakkaar 'athe' prachaaranatthil sajeevamaavukayum cheythu. snp nethaavaaya alex salmond 'athe' vottine pinthunachu. yukip oru 'athe' vottine pinthunachu, prachaaranatthile avarude pradhana vakthaakkal vilyam dartmouth meppum party nethaavaaya nigal farej meppum aayirunnu.
muthirnna yaadhaasthithikar (vilyam hega, kenneth clark, jorjju oosboon, tereza meyy, philipp hamond, steevan norris, baaranas vaarsi ennivarulppede), thozhil raashtreeyakkaar (joonn prescott, maargarat bekkatt (noow tuu evi kaambeyninte president), david blunket, joonn raid, tonny lloyd, joonn healey, carolin flint, hassel bliyezhs, beverley huggus, pooll boateng, joonn hutton, loard faalkkanar) ennivaraayirunnu 'noow' prachaaranatthe pinthunachathu. ezhu mps (connor bains, jorjju yoostis, saam gima, kwasi kwarteng, charlot lesley, preethi pattel, kriss skidmore), rund muun sthaanaarthikal (kriss philp maagi thrope pinneedu mps aayi thiranjedukkappettu) ennivar 'noow' prachaaranatthil party vakthakkalaayi pravartthikkumennu kansarvetteevu party prakhyaapichu. mothatthil, mikka laber empimaarum 'athe' prachaaranathekkaal 'illa' prachaaranatthe pinthunachu, pooll goggins, aan clyde, sarr jerald coffman, austin michel, maargarat hodge, lindsey hoyal, jiim fitspatric, dennis skinner, keytt vaas ennivarulppede eaviyude mattu shradheya athiraalikal. cross bencher muun ezz. dii. pii nethaavaaya loard oovenum 'illa' enna prachaaranatthe pinthunakkukayum cheythu.
yaadhaasthithika raashtreeyakkaaranaaya maikkal gove thudakkathil noow tuu evi kaambeyn vazhi eaviye ethirkkunnathaayi thettayi prakhyaapichirunnuvenku addeham orikkalum prachaaranatthil erppettittillennum ithuvare manass theerumaanichittillennum addehathinte upadeshtaakkal paranju. ethirkkunna eiii. vii. aayi prakhyaapicha anjiladhikam laber empimaarum thettayi ulppeduthiyathaayi kandethithi udaaharanathinu, alann maikkal oru 'athe' vottine pinthunachappol, meghilier rund prachaaranatthinum thante peru nalkiyilla.
athe' vottinu anukoolamaayi yaadhaasthithika prachaaranatthinu adhyakshatha vahicha yaadhaasthithika party deseeya executive amgamaaya joonn strafford ulppede chila yaadhaasthithika raashtreeyakkaar avaye pinthunachu.
mattu samghadanakal.
eiii. vii. prachaarana samghadanakal.
nirddishta hitaparisodhanaykku marupadiyaayi charchayude iruvashathum rund prachaarana grouppukal roopeekarichu. badal vottilekkulla maattathinethire pracharanam nadathaanaanu notovav sthaapichathu, athe! anukoolamaayi pracharanam nadatthaan nyayamaaya vottukal sthaapichu.
rashtreeya parishkarana grouppukal.
paarlamentine, thiranjeduppu parishkarana samoohathe, thirichukonduvarika, ente vottu ennuka, janadhipathyam anlokku cheyyuka ennivayellaam eaviyilekkulla maattathinu anukoolamaayi pracharanam nadatthi.
trade unionukal.
gmb union evi enna maattathe ethirkkunnu. athu 'illa' prachaaranatthinu "ganyamaaya" thuka nalkukayum 'illa' ennu vottucheyyaan amgangale niyogikkukayum cheythu. communication varkkezhs union general sekrattari billie hays maathram pinthunachukondu unionukal pothuve 'illa' prachaaranatthe pinthunachu.
taankukal chinthikkuka.
eaviyilekkulla maattathe compass pinthunaykkukayum laber partyodum angane cheyyaan abhyarthikkukayum cheythu. ithu kooduthal aanupathika samvidaanathilekku maaraanaan eshtappedunnathu, pakshe evi efpipiyekkaal mikachathaayi kanakkaakkappedunnu. respablica avilekkulla maattathe pinthunaykkukayum yaadhaasthithika partyodum angane cheyyaan abhyarthikkukayum cheythu. eiii. vii. yilekkulla maattathe poolisi exchange ethirthu. ecclessia evi enna maattathe pinthunachu.
2011 januvariyil instittyoott phoor public poolisi researchinte oru report eftipiyude kuravukale valare vimarsikkukayum 2011 eprilil evi ovar eftp pinthunaykkunna oru report thaazhthukayum cheythu. ennirunnaalum, hitaparisodhanayil vishalamaaya thiranjeduppinu aii. pii. pii. aarr munbu ahvaanam cheyyukayum eph. pii. tii. pii allengil eiii. vii. kku pakaram badal vottine anukoolikkukayum cheythu.
academic.
mukhyadharaa maadhyamangaliloodeyo blogukaliloodeyo soshyal networking vazhiyo academic prasidheekaranathiloodeyo niravadhi academic vidagdhar charchayil praveshichu.
timothi govezhs (kembridge), david hold (else), patrick danleevi (else), helen maargetts (ooksfoord), thom brooks (nucasil yooniversitti), alasteyar mcmillan (shefield), benn sondezhsu (stiriling) enniva aviye anukoolichavaril ulppedunnu.
daan felsenthal (ell. ezz. iii) avine "aazhathilulla pizhav" ennu vimarshichu, ennirunnaalum addeham ithine "nilavile aadya-munkaala-poost samvidaanathile oru cheria mechappeduthal" ennum visheshippichu.
david ezz. moonn (shefield) vaadichathu evi eftipiyekkaal moshamaakumenn, ennirunnaalum addeham randineyum thettayi kanakkaakkukayum aanupathika praathinidhyathilekkal neekkathe pinthunaykkukayum cheiyunnu.
2010 juulai 30 muthal august 2 vare fraansile chaatto duu baafiyil nadanna oru votting power inn practies varkshoppil, 22 votting thiyari specialistukal moonno athiladhikamo thiranjedukkunnavaril ninnu oru sthaanaarthiye thiranjedukkunnathinu "mikacha votting nadapadikramam" thiranjedukkaan vottu cheythu. avarkk 10 vottukal labhichappol, aadyam poost labhichathinu oru vottum labhichilla, ennirunnaalum mattoru samvidaanamaaya amgeekaara votting (hitaparisodhanayil vaagdaanam cheythitilla) 15 vottukal nedi.
march 11 nuu niyal ferguson, saiman sebagh montefure, andrew roberts, david starkki ennivarulppedeyulla charitrakaaranmaar badal vottu sweekarikkunnathine ethirthu timesinu kathezhuthi.
mattu samghadanakal.
greenpees bhoomiyile suhruthukkalum athe ennathine pinthunaykkunnu! joseph rontree refom trastt, ooppareshan black vottu, nyoo economics foundeshan, 38 digri, bask enniva pole mikacha vottu prachaaranatthinum. vidyaabhyaasa trastt, konstityooshan sosaitti, charchayil ulppedunna vishayangalekkurich pothujana avabodham vardhippikkunnathinum pravarthichittundu.
maadyamangal.
"rakshaakarthaav," "swathanthran", "" "dainamdina kannaadi", "" "saambathika kaalangal" "enniva eiii. vii. yilekkulla maattathe pinthunachu". dayley meyil", "times", "dayley express", "dayley telegraph" enniva eiii. vii. yeei ethirthu. "saambathika shaasthranjan" "illa" enna vottine pinthunachuvenkilum nilavile thiranjeduppu sanbradaayathinte parishkkaranam kaanaan aagrahichu ". soshyalist dinapathramaaya "morning staar" eiii. vii. pii. tii. pii. yekkaal neethiyukthamaayirikkil ennathinte adisthaanathil 'illa' vottu abhyarthichu; pakaram kaimaattam cheyyaavunna otta vottinu vendi pathram vaadichu.
prachaaranakkaarum pramukharum.
prachaaranakkaaranum samgeethajnjanumaaya billie bragg; broadcasterum laber pier melvin bragg; prachaaranakkariyum nadiyumaaya jovana lumli; laber pinthunakkaaranum prakshepanakkaaranumaaya tonny robinson; designer dhaarmika fashion prachaaranakkaariyumaaya ameesha gadiyali; vanita samghadanakalude deseeya sakhyathinte chairvuman anettu losan; ooppareshan black vottinte director sahasthaapakanumaaya simoon wooley ennivaraayirunnu 'athe' prachaaranatthe pinthunachathu. daili mirror" pathratthinte associate edittar kevin magware pathrapravartthakan poolii toinby avine pinthunachu.
haasyanadan david michel, haasyanadanum nadanumaaya eddi isard, ezhuthukaaran navomi alderman, naadakakrithaaya boony greer, haasyanadan francesca martiness, nadi heleena bonhaam carter, ooskaar award jethaav collin firth, nadanum liberal demokraat pinthunakkaaranumaaya joonn clease, haasyanadan steefan fry, nadan art malik, joonn ooo 'farrell, nadan richard vilson, edittarum ezhuthukaaranumaaya rowan davis, broadcaster gregg dike, soundu jaims paalambo manthraalayathinte sahasthaapakan, nadanum haasyanadanumaaya david sneeder, kriss akabusi, kriss adison, josie long, benchamin sephania, black oonarmaan ennivar' athe 'vottine pinthunacha celebrittikalil ulppedunnu. haasyanadanum nadanumaaya steevu koogan 'athe' vottinu pinthuna nalki.
television avathaarakan esthar raantsan, shaasthranjanum laber piyar loard vinsttan; naitklab impressario peettar stringfello, krikkatt thaarangalaaya david gover, darren goo, olimbiku rover jaims crackenell, eph1 booas sarr frank vilyams ennivar 'noow' vottine pinthunachu. nadanum television avatharakanumaaya rooss kemp 'illa' prachaaranatthe pinthunachu.
mathaparamaya vyakthikal.
athe' prachaaranatthe pinthunacha niravadhi englandu bishappumarum undaayirunnu eksettarinte bishop maikkal langrish; voolvichinte muun eriya bishop collin buchanan; sent aalbansinte bishop alaan smith; ripon aandu leads bishop joonn packer; beverleyude bishop martin jaarett; sent edmundsburyudeyum ipswichinteyum bishop naigal stokku; buckinghaminte bishop alaan vilson; glousestarinte bishop maikkal perham; derbyude muun bishop peettar davace; thettfordinte muun bishop david atkinsan.
jonathan bartley (ekleshya mathachinthakasamghathinte sthaapakanum saha-director pinneedu green party sahanethaavum) hitaparisodhanaye pinthunachu.
mattullavar.
azhimathi virudha prachaaranakkaaranum muun broadcasterum swatantra empiyumaaya martin bell eaviye pinthunachu. pramukha bisinesses vanithakalum prachaaranakkaarum adangunna oru koottam 2011 epril 28nuu 'dhaa guardian' enna peril oru 'athe' vottinu pinthuna nalkikkond oru kathu prasidheekarichu, athil oppittavaril alexandra shulman ('wog' edittar), illastrettar daisey dii villeneuve, ezhuthukaaran gillian slovo, manushyavakaasha abhibhaashaka heleena kennidi, hilari veyntaitt ('redu pepper' edittar), pathrapravartthakan isabelle hilton, jackvillin rooss, ezhuthukaaran jayy griffiths, broadcaster joonn bakewell, raabi juuliya newberger, fashion designer paatsi putnam, pathrapravartthakan poolii toinbee, jaanett tooad (lucindish cave koleju president, cambridge), yuva laber susanne naash chairman, saambathika upadeshtaavu tamsin, fashion kansalttantan timesa, fashion kansa
prachaarana daathaakkalum chelavukalum.
meyy maasatthinte thudakkathil, 'illa' prachaaranatthinte 26 laksham poundil ninnu 34 laksham poundu 'athe' prachaaranatthinaayi chelavazhichu.
athe' kaambeyn 2 dasalaksham poundu samaharichathaayi velippeduthi (2011 februvari 15 vareyulla kanakkukal prakaram), ithil 95 sathamaanavum rund daathaakkalil ninnaan, electoral refom sosaitti, joseph rontree refom trastt ennivayil ninnaan. athe' prachaaranatthinu gorden brounumaayum david cameronumaayum aduppamulla alan parkeril ninnum liberal demokraattukalkk sambhavana nalkunna pooll marshalil ninnum anchu akka thukakalum labhichu.
thangalude daathaakkalude vishadaamshangal prasidheekarikkaan 'illa' pracharanam visammathikkukayaanennum 'illa' prachaaranathekkaal vegathilaanennum thudakkathil pathrangalil aropanangal undaayirunnu, ennaal pinneedu 2011 februvari 18 nuu avar angane cheiyumennu paranju. ennirunnaalum, 2011 march 28-oode 'athe' kaambeyn 7,500 poundiladhikam varunna ellah daathaakkaludeyum update cheytha pattika prasidheekarikkukayum 'illa' kaambeyninu ahvaanam cheyth oru nivedanam aarambikkukayum cheythappol avar angane cheythilla.
noow' kaambeyn 2011 epril 9 nuu daathaakkalude oru pattika puratthirakki, athil loard (joonn) sainsbury, maikkal karshakan, loard harris, loard fink, loard edmisttan ennivarulppede kansarvetteevu partic niravadhi pradhana daathaakkal ulppedunnu. mothatthil, 'illa' kaambeyn 41 daathaakkalil ninnu prakhyapikkaavunna paridhiyaya 7,500 poundil kooduthal sambhavanakalaayi aaa theeyathiyode 1.8 dasalaksham poundu samaaharichirunnu, athil ettavum valuth 400,000 poundu nalkia cmc spread vaathuvepp sthaapanathinte sthaapakanaaya shathakodeeshwaranaaya peettar creddassil ninnaan.
noow' prachaaranatthinu peritta 53 daathaakkalil 42 pere kansarvetteevu party daathaakkalaayi "guardian" pathram thiricharinju, oraal, gmb union, laber party daathaavaanu, onpathu pere audyogika daathaakkalude rekhakalil thiricharinjittilla. bakkiyulla daataav thiranjeduppu commissionil ninnulla audyogika fandaanu. daathaakkalil ezhu yaadhaasthithika samapraayakkaarum ulppedunnu. eee sahacharyam oru "anivaryamaaya thinma" aanennu pramukha laber 'noow' prachaaranakkaaranaaya maargarat bekkatt paranjathaayi avar udharikkunnu.
athe' kaambeyn sthaapichathinushesham prakhyapikkaavunna paridhikkappuramulla ellah sambhaavanakaludeyum kanakkukal purathirakkiyappol, 'illa' kaambeyn rajakeeya anumathi labhikkuna hitaparisodhana billinu munbu sambhavanakalonnum prakhyaapichirunnilla, kaaranam athu prasakthamaaya chattangalkk keezhil cheyyendathilla. illa' prachaaranakkaaranaaya david blunket angane cheyyaan 'illa' prachaaranatthinu ahvaanam cheythu.
pracharanam.
referendum theeyathi vaikippikkumenn bheeshanippeduthiya billinekkurichulla paarlamentari poraattangal thudarunnathinaal prachaaranatthinte prarambha bhagam maranju. thangalude pracharanam aarambhicha eiii. vii. yude anuyaayikal, sthaanaarthikal pilkkala mungananakalkkaayi pracharanam nadathendathinte aavasyakatha, votermaaril vishalamaaya vividha vibhaagangalodu appeel cheyyaan sthaanaarthikale prolsaahippikkumennu vaadichu. sameepa dashakangalil yukeyile pradhana rund partykalkku vottu cheiyunnavarude ennam kurayukayaanennum avar choondikkaatti.
party raashtreeyam.
athe' kaambayin pothujanagalkk vendi athinte kaambayin avatharippikkan shramichu. liberal demokraattukalude nethaavaaya nick kleginte janapreeti nashtappedutthaanum votteduppil klegine sikshikkaanulla avasaramaayi hitaparisodhana avatharippikkanum 'illa' pracharanam shramichu. 2010leeii pothutheranjeduppinu munbu clegg avaye "dayaneeyamaaya oru cheria vittuveezhcha" ennu visheshippichathaayum athu avakashappettu. poornnamaaya udharani iprakaaram parayunnu "laber party adichamarthiya dayaneeyamaaya oru cheria vittuveezhchayil njaan sammathikkaan pookunnilla."ennirunnaalum, sakhya charchakalil pr avatharippikkanulla saadhyatha yaadhaasthithikar nirasichu, ithu efpidipiyum eaviyum thammilulla thiranjeduppulla oru hitaparisodhanayilekku nayichu.
illa' enna votteduppine audyogikamaayi pinthunaykkumbol, yaadhaasthithika party neethrthwam thudakkathil pracharanam nirtthivaykkukayum pradhana yaadhaasthithika party daathaakkale 'illa' prachaaranatthinu sambhavana nalkaruthennu upadeshikkukayum cheythathayi reportund. ennirunnaalum, 2011 januvariyil eee nilapad maarukayum 'illa' prachaaranatthinu dhanasahayam nalkanamennu daathaakkalodu abhyarthikkukayum jeevanakkarum party aasthaanavum prachaaranatthil nerittu earppedukayum cheythathode neethrthwam kooduthal edapedukayum cheythu.
februvari pakuthiyode, pradhaanamantri, david cameron, upapradhaanamanthri nick clegg ennivar yathaakramam 'illa', 'athe' phalathe nyaayeekarikkunna ethir prasamgangal nadatthi. evi ennaal "nyayamaaya vottukal" ennum efptp kooduthal surakshithamaaya seettukal nirmmikkunnuvennum clegg vaadichu, ivaye empisinte chelavukal sambandhicha azhimathiyumaayi bandhippichu. thangalude pradhana pinthunakkaare mathramalla, kooduthal vottarmaare aakarshikkan pravartthikkaan raashtreeyakkaare prolsaahippikkumennu addeham paranju. ithu oru swaabhaavika parinaamamaanennu njaan karuthunnu, ithu raashtreeyam ippol illenna vasthuthaye prathifalippikkunnu, kaaranam 50 varsham munbu neela moolayilekko chuvanna moolayilekko koodaan ellaavarum valare santhushtaraayirunnappol aalukalkk ippol kooduthal choisukal venam."
neremarichu, eph. pii. tii. pii kooduthal utharavaaditham nalkunnuvennum ithu thoongikkidakkunna paarlamentukalude ennam kuraykkunnuvennum cameron vaadichu. nammude janaadhipathyathinte kaaryam varumbol, brittan aarudeyum randaamathe choyisumaayi othucherendathilla" ennu addeham urappichu paranju."2011 meyy 3 nuu bbc radio 4-nte" "tude" "paripaadiyil," "oru vyakthi, oru vottu" "enna adisthaana thathwathe avaa durbalappeduthumennum addeham avakashappettu". prachaaranatthil sakhyakakshikal vyathyastha pakshatthaanenkilum, "phalam enthuthanneyaayaalum" sakhyam thudarumennu cameraman urappichu paranju.
green party oof englandu aandu weils medhavi carolin lucas aviye pinthunachukondu paranju, "avar vishwasikkunnathinu vottu cheyyaan kazhiyum, athu dhaaraalam aalukalkk valare swaathanthryamaakumennu njaan karuthunnu".
saadhyamaaya chelavukalkku mail oru varii.
eaviye thiranjedukkaan 250 dasalaksham poundu chelavaakumenna avakaashavaadathode 'illa' kaambayin aarambhichu. ennirunnaalum, eee kanakk pala kaaranangalal vimarsikkappettu. udaaharanathinu, referendum nadathunnathinu 82 dasalaksham poundu ulppeduthiyathum referendum phalam enthuthanneyaayaalum baadhakamaakumaayirunnu, mattu thiranjeduppukal nadakkunna athe samayam referendum nadathunnathil ninnu laabhikkunna chelavukal kanakkiledukkunnathil parajayappettu. electronic votting samvidaanangalude vilaykkaayi 130 dasalaksham poundum 250 dasalaksham poundil ulppedunnu, ennirunnaalum avaa australiyayile evi upayogichirunna ettavum valia raajyamalla, yukeyil evi avatharippichirunnenkil atharam yanthrangal upayogikkaan padhathiyilla. (thiranjeduppu kammeeshan parayunnathanusarichu, akkaalat nadatthiya kanakkukalekkaal kuravaayirunna eee hitaparisodhanaykku yadhaarthathil ekadesham 75 dasalaksham poundu chelavu varum.)
laber empy dougless alexander avakaashappedunna eee roopathe "nunayaanu" ennu visheshippichu. 250 dasalaksham poundinte pradhana gadakamaaya electronic counting mesheenukal aavashyamaanenna prathyeka avakaashavaadam "fiction" aanennu oru "chaanal 4 nyoos" vastutha parisodhana nigamanam cheythu. votting mesheenukal aavashyamaanenna nirddeshavum alaan renwick nirasichu, "camp illa" ennu paranju...] avaykku vilakoodiya votting mesheenukal aavasyamaanennu parayuka. [...] athu verum vyaajamaan."
eiii. vii. sweekarikkunnathu chelavu vettikkuravukalilekku nayikkillenn treasury prasthaavichu. treasuryude liberal demokraat cheef secretory avayude thanne anuyayiyumaaya daan alexander chornna kathil prasthaavichu, "avayekkurichulla hitaparisodhanayil 'athe' vottinte falamaayi vakupputhala chelavu avalokana othutheerppukal veendum thurakkaan sarkkaarin padhathiyilla."addeham" "njaayarazhcha swatantra" "pathrathodu paranju" "britiish janatha athe ennu vottu cheythaal pothutheranjeduppu nadathunnathinulla chelavil oru vardhanavum njaan prathekshikkunnilla". oru puthiya votting samvidaanathinu keezhil polum oru thiranjeduppu kooduthal chelaveriyathaayirikkumenn vishwasikkaan oru kaaranavumilla."
250 dasalaksham poundinte kanakkine adisthaanamaakki posttarukalilum praadeshika pathrangalilum 'illa' kaambayin parasyangalude oru parambara aarambhichu. parasyangalil ulppedunnava
athe' kaambeyn ivaye 'lajjakaram', 'apamanam', 'nunakal' ennu visheshippikkukayum thiranjeduppu commission parati nalkukayum parasya staanderd authorityode paraathippedukayum cheythu, iruvarum prachaaranatthil vyakthigatha parasyangal niyantrikkaan thangalkk adhikaaramillenn prasthaavichu.
meyy 5 nuu, 'illa' prachaaranatthe pinthunacha laber party muun sarkkar manthrimaaril oralaaya david blunket, 'illa' prachaaranatthinu upayogicha 250 dasalaksham poundu kettichamachathaanennum 'illa' prachaaranatthil eee kanakkinekkurichum mattu avakaashavaadangalekkurichum arinjukondu kallam paranjuvennum sammathichu.
sakhyasarkkaarukalum nyoonapaksha sarkkaarukalum.
illa' vottinte anuyaayikal avakaashappettath evi kooduthal sakhya sarkkaarukalilekku nayikkumennu, ennaal sameepakaala yuke thiranjeduppukalude maathrkakal soochippikkunnathu ithu anganeyayirikkilla, 1983 muthal ellah pothutheranjeduppukalilum evi yude saadhyamaaya prabhavam bbc maathrkayaakkukayum mothatthilulla phalam avayil onnil polum maarillenn nigamanam cheyyukayum cheythu. irupathaam noottaandil austreliyayil yukeyil eftipic keezhilullathinekkaal kuranja thookkiya paarlamentukal eaviyude keezhilayirunnuvennu raine aashdoun choondikkaatti. 1998ll puratthirakkiya swatantra kammeeshante votting samvidaanathekkurichulla reportil "gavanmentinte sthiratha kuraykkum ennu chinthikkaan cheria kaaranamonnumilla; athu theerchayaayum valia paarlamentari bhooripakshathilekku nayichekkaam."
referendum prachaarana velayil rafarandathekkurichulla oru bbc "nyoosnait" special abhipraayappettath aveh thookkikkollal phalangalude ennathil cheria vardhanavinu kaaranamaakumenn nirddeshikkukayum "eiii sittisans guide tuu electoral refom" enna pusthakatthinte rachayithavaaya alaan renwick "total politiks" maasikayil ezhuthukayum cheythu, "aveh thiranjeduppu phalangale kooduthal asthiramaakkunnu, oru vashath mannidichilukal athishayokthiparamaakkukayum maruvashathu sakhyangale kooduthal saadhaaranamaakkukayum cheiyunnu."ennirunnaalum, warwick sarvakalaashaalayile professoraaya dennis leach, evikk keezhil sakhyangalkk inii saadhyathayillenn vaadichu. vernon bogdanore prasthaavichathu
chaanal 4 nyoos" vasthuthaparishodhana eee nilapad thaazhepparayunna reethiyil sangrahichu
"oraal, oru vottu".
oro votermaarum "kaimaattam cheyyaavunna orotta vottu" rekhappeduthunnu. illa' kaambeyn chila aalukalkk eiii. vii. kku keezhil onniladhikam vottukal labhikkumennum athinaal eee samvidaanam 'oru vyakthi, oru vottu' enna thathwathinu virudhamaanennum (ithu avar avarude prachaaranatthinte mudraavaakyamaayi sweekarichu) vaadichu. eee vaadathe ipsos morrie, chaanal phoor nyoos fact check, niravadhi academic kamantettarmaar ennivar shakthamayi vimarshichu. poornna vasthuthayulla saitt prasthaavichathu "eee avakaashavaadangalil chilath krithyathaykkum pishakinum idayil oru mikacha rekha pinthudarnnu" ennaanu. ipsos morrie guide tuu evi prasthaavichathu
eee samvidaanathil [avaa] chila aalukalkk mattullavare apekshichu kooduthal vottukal labhikkunnath ulppedunnilla. oro voterch oru vottu maathrame labhikkoo, athu niravadhi thavana ennappedunnu. ningalude randaamathe munganana randaamathe votella, ningalude aadya choys sthaanaarthikku vijayikkaan kazhiyaathathinal paazhaayal ningalude (maathram) vottu engane upayogikkanamennu ningal aagrahikkunnuvennathukku nirddeshamaanithu. oro raundu vottingilum oro vottum ennunnu.
surakshithamaaya seettukal.
athe' kaambeyn vaadichathu evi kooduthal mikachathaayirikkumennum athu 'surakshita seettukal' kuraykkukayo illaathaakkukayo cheyyumennum ithu mpacne kooduthal kadinaadhvaanam cheyyaan prerippikkumennum. oostreliyaye paraamarshichu veendum 'illa' prachaaranamaan ithine ethirthathu. eee kaazhchappaadine pinthunacha alaan renwick, "surakshithamaaya seettukalude ennathil kaaryamaaya maattam varuthilla" ennu prasthaavichu. surakshithamaaya seettukalude ennathil evi valia idivundaakkumenna avakaashavaadam polum vasthuthakale pinthunaykkunnathinekkaal kooduthalaanu."ennirunnaalum, 'athe' vottine pinthunacha puthiya economics foundeshan think-tank, modeling prasidheekarichu, ithu avatharippikkunnathiloode valare cheria seettukalude ennam 81 ll ninnu 125 aayi vardhikkumaayirunnu, valare surakshithamaaya seettukalude ennam 331 ll ninnu 271 aayi kurayumaayirunnu, ennirunnaalum valare surakshithamaaya seettukalude ennathilum vardhanayundaakumaayirunnu. efptp upayogichu, oro thiranjeduppilum kaii maarunna seettukalude sharashari ennam 13 shathamaanamaanennum ithu evi prakaram 16 shathamaanamaayi uyarumennum mothatthil vottar shakti mithamaayi vardhippikkumennum foundeshan kandethi, ennaal "vottukale thiranjeduppu shakthiyilekku vivarthanam cheiyunnathil rund samvidaanangalum valare mikachathalla" ennu nigamanam cheythu.
mpacnu bhooripaksham pinthuna.
oro empic 50 sathamaanathiladhikam vottarmaarude mothatthilulla bhooripaksham pinthunaykkunnuvennu avaa urappaakkumenn 'athe' kaambeyn vaadichu. ennirunnaalum, evi-yilekkulla guidil, ipsos morrie prasthaavichu, "ithu sarikkum shariyalla, pakshe ithu prathirodhikkaavunna lalithavalkkaranamaayirikkam". avasana rund sthaanaarthikalkkidayil munganana prakadippicha kuranjathu 50 sathamaanam vottarmaarude pinthunayodeyaanu oru sthaanaarthi thiranjedukkappedunnathe avar urappaakkunnu. chila watermar avasaanathe randupereyum baalat pepparil rank cheyyaathe nissamgatha kaanikkunnuvenn soochippichittundengil, ellah vottukaludeyum 50 sathamaanathil thaazhe pinthunayode vijayi thiranjedukkaam.
oro voter nirbandhitharaakukayo mungananakalude oru poornna shreni nalkaan theerumaanikkukayo cheythaal maathrame praadeshika bhooripaksha pinthuna urappunalkumenna avakaashavaadangal saadhookarikkaan kazhiyoo" ennu rolling threasure prasthaavichu. yukeyil eiii. vii. yude keezhil nadakkunna oru pothutheranjeduppil athu sambhavikkanulla saadhyatha valare kuravaanennu thonnunnu."" "chaanal 4 nyoos" "fact check prasthaavichathu" "sthaanaarthikal 50 sathamaanam vottukal lakshyamidunnathu sariyaanu, ennirunnaalum chila sthaanaarthikal ellah vottukaludeyum 50 sathamaanathil thaazhe maathram vottu cheythaal thiranjedukkappedum ennathaanu sathyam".
ettavum aduthideyundaaya pothutheranjeduppil moonnil rund empimar mothatthilulla bhooripakshamillaathe thiranjedukkappettu. patthil naalil kooduthal" mpsukalkku ippozhum evikk keezhil bhooripaksham pinthunayillennu rollingukalum threasure pravachichappol ipsos morrie paranju "pala niyojakamandalangalilum ithu theerchayaayum sariyaanu... eiii. vii. kku keezhil thiranjedukkappedunna mpacnu eftipic keezhil labhichathinekkaal uyarnna anupaathathilulla vottarmaarude pinthunayundaakum.
brittanilum videshathum nilavilulla votting samvidaanangalude upayogam.
moonnu rajyangal maathramaan evi upayogikkunnathennu 'illa' kaambeyn vaadichu. australian pothujanangal thettaaya avakaashavaadamaaya evi illaathaakkaan aagrahikkunnuvennum athu prasthaavichu. referendathinte samayat, austreliya, pappuva nyoo ginia, fiji ennee moonnu rajyangal paarlamentari thiranjeduppinaayi eiii. vii. upayogichirunnu. ennirunnaalum, mattu pala tharatthilulla thiranjeduppukalkkum anthaaraashtrathalathil evi upayogikkunnu.
airish president thiranjeduppinum republic oof irelandile upathiranjeduppinum nyoosilandile chila thaddesha thiranjeduppukalilum avaa upayogikkunnu. yunaittad kingdatthil, select kammittikalude adhyakshanmar, house oof loards speaker, house oof komansinte deputy speakermar ennivare thiranjedukkaan mps avaa upayogikkunnu. upathiranjeduppukalilum house oof loards enna peril paarambarya samapraayakkaare thiranjedukkaan avaa upayogikkunnu. landanile meyarineyum mattu yuke nagarangalile mayermaareyum thiranjedukkaan supplementary vottu ennu vilikkunna eiii. vii. yude oru vakabhedam upayogikkunnu. house oof komansinte speakere thiranjedukkaan samagra baalat enna anubandha samvidaanam upayogikkunnu. amerikkayile vividha thiranjeduppukalkku eiii. vii. upayogikkunnu (yunaittad stetsil eiii. vii. kaanuka).
udaaharanathinu laber party liberal demokraattukaludeyum neethrthwa thiranjeduppukalil, yaadhaasthithika party neethrthwa thiranjeduppukalil anubandha samagra baalat upayogikkumbol, yukeyile pala swakaarya samghadanakalum evi upayogikkunnu. royal britiish sainyavum chila trade unionukalilum vidyaarthi unionukalilum ivi upayogikkunnu. amerikkayil, mikacha chithrathinu ooskaar jethaavine theerumaanikkaan avaa ippol upayogikkunnu.
rund raundu sisttam ennu vilikkunna eiii. vii. kku samanamaaya oru reethi anthaaraashtra thalatthil vyaapakamaayi upayogikkunnu, ennirunnaalum aaa reethiyil watermark oru vottu maathrame labhikkoo, athinaal rank oopshanukaloo avarude vottukal kaimaattam cheyyaano kazhiyilla, koodaathe aadya rund sthaanaarthikal maathrame adutha roundilekku neengukayulloo. udaaharanathinu, fraansinte deseeya assembly enpathu raajyangalude prasidantumaareyum thiranjedukkaan ithu upayogikkunnu. american aikyanaadukal primerykalum thudarnnu randaam roundum president, house oof representatives, senatt ennivaykkaayi upayogikkunnu.
pr-estivi mattoru anubandha samvidaanamaanu. ithu evi polulla munganana baalat upayogikkunnu, pakshe multy-seett niyojakamandalangalile thiranjeduppukalkkaayi ithu upayogikkunnu. republic oof ireland, austreliya, malta ennividangalile deseeya thiranjeduppukalkkum vadakkan ireland asambliyilekkulla thiranjeduppukalkkum mattu pala raajyangalilum mattu aavasyangalkkum ithu upayogikkunnu.
ekadesham 2.4 bilyan janasamkhyayulla ambathiladhikam rajyangalil efptp upayogikkunnundennu 'illa' kaambeyn oonnipparanju. america, india, canada ennividangalilum mattu jii20 ithara raajyangalilum niyamanirmmaana thiranjeduppukalkkaayi efptp upayogikkunnu. irupathu raajyangalile president thiranjeduppinum mattu 45 raajyangalile vividha tharatthilulla thiranjeduppinum ithu upayogikkunnu (ivayil 35 ennam komanvelthu oof nationsile amgaraajyangalo britiish videsha pradeshangalo aanu).
aanupathika praathinidhyam.
avayude chila athiraalikal ithu anaavasyamaaya (avarkk) aanupathika praathinidhyathilekkal oru chuvaduvayppaayi kandu, athesamayam aanupathika praathinidhyathe pinthunaykkunna chilar referendathe aanupathika praathinidhyathilekkal neekkam vaikippikkunna oru nashtappetta avasaramaayi kandu. rund sthaanangalum "poornnamaayum oohaapohangal" ennu visheshippikkappettindu. oru "sayahna staanderd" edittoriyal 'illa' vijayathinte phalathe vivarichu "thiranjeduppu parishkarana prashnam oru thalamuraykk upekshikkappedum". maruvashathu, glasgo sarvakalaashaalayile electoral systems specialistaaya thomas lundberg oru polittikkal stadees association pepparil ezhuthi "seettukal nedaanulla cheria paarttikalude kazhivu kuraykkunna enthum-1970 muthal britiish pothutheranjeduppil nadannukondirikkunna oru prakriya-oru pii. aarr. parivartthanatthinte saadhyathaykk haanikaramaan. avar vijayathinulla paridhi 50 sathamaanavum oru vottum aayi uyarthunnathinaal, kuranja vottu shareil seettukal nedunna cheria partykalkku mattu partykalkku munganana nalkunna votermaaril ninnu ganyamaaya ennam kaimattangal nedaan kazhinjillengil bheeshani uyarnnekkaam."
thanthraparamaaya votting.
thanthraparamaaya votting ennaal thaarathamyena abhikaamyamaaya phalam labhikkunnathin oru vottar thante aathmaarthamaaya munganana ozhikeyulla oru sthaanaarthiye pinthunaykkunnu ennaanu. parambaraagathamalla (i.iii. oordinal) votting samvidaanathinu thanthraparamaaya votting illaathaakkaan kazhiyum (gibbard-saattarthveyt sidhaanthathinu keezhil), koodaathe thanthraparamaaya vottinginu vidheyamaaya saahacharyangal pradarshippikkaan kazhiyum. avaykku keezhil, atharam saahacharyangal apoorvamo saidhaanthikamo aanennu avaa kaambeyn vaadichu. swatantra vipani gaveshana grouppaaya ipsos morrie evi-yilekkulla oru guide prasidheekarichu. thanthraparamaaya votting oru eiii. vii. thiranjeduppinte phalathe swaadheenichekkaavunna sahacharyam "eiii. vii. yude kaaryatthil prakadippikkaan valare eluppamaanu, mathramalla ithu prathyekichum apoorvamaayirikkilla" ennu ithu prasthaavikkunnu. ennirunnaalum, eiii. vii. yude keezhil, thanthraparamaaya waterk thaan enthu falamaanu undakkaan pookunnathennu arian prayaasamaan, athinaal "thanthraparamaaya votting" ennu karsanamaayi nirvachichirikkunnathinta vyaapanam eiii. vii. yude keezhil kuraykkaam.
phastt-paast-dhii-poost oru monotonic votting samvidaanamaanu, athesamayam evi klonukalude swaathanthryavum paraspara bhooripaksha maanadandavum paalikkunnu.
evi, bnp.
britiish naashanal party (bii. enn. pii) hitaparisodhanayil 'illa' enna vottinu pinthuna nalki. ithinu marupadiyaayi, yaadhaasthithika chairman 'illa' enna pinthunayulla baaranas vaarsi aviye visheshippichathu "theevravaadathinu prathiphalam nalkukayum theevravaada grouppukalkku ooksijan nalkukayum cheiyunna oru samvidaanamaanu" ennaanu. ithinu marupadiyaayi, 'athe' kaambeyn "bii. enn. pick venda ennu parayuka, meyy 5 nuu athe ennu parayuka" enna mudraavaakyathode parasyam aarambhichu. chaanal 4 nyoos" fact check 'athe' pracharanam sariyaanennu nigamanam cheythu, ingane paranju
vasthuthaparishodhana bii. enn. pii deputy chairman saiman darby udharichu ingane paranju "eavu oru pinthirippan nadapadiyaanu-ithu ippol namukk labhichathinekkaal moshamaan.] evi samvidaanathinu keezhil njangal orikkalum meshaykkadiyil kaalukal idaan pookunnilla."bii. enn. pii polulla theevravaadikalkku vardhicha niyamasadhutha enna sookshumamaaya nettam avar nalkunnu" ennu noow2evi-yess2pr prachaarana websait ethirthu. avar yadhaarthathil aagrahikkunna partic randaam munganana nalkaan kazhiyumenna arivode 'swatantra' prathishedha vottu surakshithamaayi nadatthaan aalukale evi prapthamaakkunnu."
warwick sarvakalaashaalayile professoraaya dennis leach, bii. enn. pii polulla theevravaadikal eftipi. pii. kku keezhil vijayikkaan kooduthal saadhyathayundennu vaadichuvenkilum evi yaanthrikamaayi kendravaadikale anukoolikkunnu enna aashayathinethire addeham vaadichu
avasana aazhchakal.
prachaaranatthinte avasana aazhchakalil sakhyasarkkaarile amgangal thammilulla vaakkutharkkathode vardhicha vidvesham adayaalappeduthi. udaaharanathinu, liberal demokraat energy sekrattari kriss hunn, yaadhaasthithika chansalar jorjju oosboon puthiya votting mesheenukal aavasyamaanennu eviyodu paranjathaayi avakaashappedunna "asathyangal" sambandhicha niyamanadapadi bheeshanippedutthi, iva australian thiranjeduppukalil avaykku keezhil upayogikkatheyum avaa avatharippikkan padhathiyillengilum. oru pothutheranjeduppinu sheshamulla vaaraanthyathil ennunnathinupakaram innatheppole vegathil phalangal aavashyamaanenkil votting mesheenukal anivaaryamaakumenn oru muthirnna retaining offeesare (aanthani mayer) udharichu 'illa' kaambeyn ethirthu. kooduthal vishadamaaya charchaykkaayi saadhyamaaya chelavukal sambandhicha varii kaanuka.
2011 meyy aadyam nadanna oru kaabinat yogathil 'illa' prachaaranatthinte ulladakkathinu yaadhaasthithika sahapravarthakare huun shakthamayi vimarsichathaayi reportund. ennirunnaalum, addeham lakshyamitta pradhana 'illa' prachaarana laghulekhakalilonnu, "avalkk oru prasava yoonit venam, badal votting samvidaanamalla" enna mudraavaakyamulla oru navjata shishuvine kaanikkunna, nambar 2evi-ykkayi pravartthikkunna laber party kaambeynaraaya daan hodges vikasippicheduthu.
prachaaranatthinte vividha vashangalile laber partyile pramukha amgangalum laber anuyaayikalkk vottu cheiyunnathinaayi pracharanam aarambhichu, peettar mandelsonumaayulla oru pradhana pathra abhimukhathil addeham 'athe' vottu aavasyappettu, koodaathe laber oru pradhana parasya prachaaranavum nadatthi, 'illa' phalathinu yaadhaasthithika pinthuna ullathinaal laber watermar 'athe' ennu vottu cheyyanamennu iruvarum vaadichu. ennirunnaalum, bhooribhaagam laber empimaarum evi-yeei ethirthathaayi choondikkaanichukondu 'illa' kaambeyn prathikarichu (255 ll 130 perr evi-yeei ethirkkukayum 86 perr pinthunaykkukayum cheythu). kazhinjayazhcha youtube veediyoyil parishkarana poochaye avatharippikkunna oru thaazhethattil pracharanam "meyy 5 nuu nadakkunna votting samvidaanathekkurichulla hitaparisodhanayekkurichu ningalude poocha aashayakkuzhappathilaano?"2011 epril 27nuu purathirangiya eee chithram audyogika prachaarana veediyokalekkaal kooduthal kazhchakal nedi.
nirddishta eiii. vii. samvidaanam.
sisttam.
hitaparisodhanayil nirddeshichittulla badal vottu sanbradaayathinu keezhil, watermar appozhum oru bhoomishaasthraparamaaya niyojakamandalavumaayi bandhapetta oru sthaanaarthiye maathrame thiranjedukkukayulloo. baalat pepparil ('x' ulla) oru sthaanaarthikku vottu cheiyunnathinupakaram, votorode onno athiladhikamo sthaanaarthikale mungananayude adisthaanathil rank cheyyaan aavasyappedum. aadya mungananakal enniyathinushesham, oru sthaanaarthikkum bhooripaksham labhichillengil, thaazheyulla sthaanaarthiye illaathaakkukayum aaa sthaanaarthiyude vottukal oro vottarude adutha mungananayilekku maattukayum cheyyum. oru sthaanaarthi bhooripaksham nedukayum vijayikkukayum cheiyunnathuvare eee prakriya aavarthichu thudarunnu. nirddishta samvidaanam "oopshanal preferential vottinginte" oru roopamaayirunnu, athil saadhuvaaya vottu cheiyunnathinu ellah sthaanaarthikaleyum mungananayude adisthaanathil rank cheyyaan watermar baadhyastharalla.
vottu nirddeshangal.
paarlamentari votting sisttam aandu niyojakamandala niyamam 2011 leeii shedule 10, baalat boxukalil pradharshippichirikkunna vottarkkulla nirddeshangal oru sthaanaarthikku maathram vottu cheiyunnathinulla nirddeshathil ninnu maattunnathinaayi, shedule 1 leeii ruul 29 leeii khandika (5) bhedagathi cheyyaan nirddeshikkunnu.
paarlamentari votting sisttam aandu niyojakamandala niyamam 2011 (badal vottu vyavasthakal radhaakkal) utharavu 2011 aanu ithu raddaakkiyathu.
votting eriyakalum ennavum.
440 votting eriyakalilum panthrand regional kaundu eriyakalilum eaka bhooripaksha vottaayi yunaittad kingdatthile naalu raajyangalilum desheeyathalathil hitaparisodhana nadannu. englandil jillakal onpathu praadeshika kaundu eriyakalaayi samyojippikkunnathin munbu votting eriyakalaayi upayogichirunnu. skotlandil scotish paarlamentinte niyojakamandalangal votting eriyakalaayirunnu, veyilsil votting eriyakal veyilsinte deseeya asambliyude niyojakamandalangalaayirunnu, vadakkan ireland oru votting eriyayaayirunnu.
yunaittad kingdatthinullile hitaparisodhanaykkulla votting mekhalakalude thakarcha thaazhepparayunna pattika kaanikkunnu.
phalam.
thiranjeduppu kammeeshan parayunnathanusarichu, yunaittad kingdatthiludaneelamulla 440 votting eriyakalilaanu aadyamaayi vottukal enniyathu. vadakkan ireland ozhikeyulla eee praadeshika ennangalil ninnulla phalangal praadeshika enna udyogasthar audyogikamaayi prakhyapikkunnathinaayi panthrand praadeshika enna mekhalakalilekku rile cheythu. scotlandineyum veyilsineyum oro praadeshika kaundu eriyayaayi tharamthirichathinaal phalangal desheeyathalathil prakhyaapikkunnathin munbu aaa pradeshangalile vottukal scotish paarlamentilum velsh niyamasabha mandalathilum praadeshikamaayi ennukayum prakhyapikkukayum cheythu. vadakkan irelandine orotta praadeshika kaundu eriyayaayi tharamthirichenkilum athinte vottukal ennukayum desheeyathalathil oru unitaayi prakhyapikkukayum cheythu. englandil, vottukal ennukayum jilla kaunsil thalatthil praadeshikamaayi prakhyapikkukayum aaa phalangal avasheshikkunna ombathu praadeshika kaundu eriyakalilekku kondupookukayum cheythu. 440 votting eriyakalum yuke pradeshangalum avarude phalangal prakhyaapichathinu sesham 2011 meyy 7 shaniyazhcha cheef counting offeesarum (sii. sii. oo) electoral kammeeshan chairmaanumaaya jenni vaatsan landanile exhibition sentarile (exel) plaattinam suitil 2011 meyy 7 nuu 0,100 bii. ezz. tii. yill yunaittad kingdom muzhuvan deseeya phalam prakhyaapichu. yunaittad kingdatthiludaneelam 42 sathamaanam deseeya polling ullathinaal vijayikkunna teaminu bhooripaksham nedaanulla lakshyam 9,639,512 vottukalaayirunnu. bhaaviyile ellah yunaittad kingdom pothuthiranjeduppukalilum badal vottu samvidaanam sweekarikkunnathinulla nirnnayakamaaya 'illa' vottaanu vottarmaarude theerumaanam, nirddeshathinu anukoolamaayi 'athe' ennu vottu cheythavarekkaal 6,860,516 vottukal.
vadakkan irelandil ninnulla avasana falangalkku munnodiyaayi, 'illa' ennu phalam sthireekarichu, kaaranam 'athe' watermark avare marikadakkunnathu ganithashaasthraparamaayi asaadhyamaayirunnu.
phalam.
prachaarana theerumaanangalude kooduthal vishadaamshangal referendum phalathinu sesham uyarnnuvannu, yaadhaasthithikar nick klegine lakshyamidunna 'illa' prachaaranatthe amgeekarichathaayi daan hodges report cheythu, ennirunnaalum avar aadyam eee ashayathe athirthirunnu. liberal demokraattukal yaadhaasthithika edapedalinte thoth kandethunnathu thadayunnathinaayi david cameroninte oru sahaayi oru hotel muriyil 'illa' prachaarana nethaakkale rahasyamaayi kandumuttiyathaayum hodges report cheythu.
sakhyasarkkaar thudarnnu, takarnna prachaaranatthinu sesham oru aikyamunnani avatharippikkan shramichu. muun yaadhaasthithika kaabinat mantri maikkal portillo cameronine vimarshichu, kleginode liberal demokraattukalodum "maryaadayude praadhaanyam marannu" ennum angane, sakhyathinte nilanilpp, portillo "apamanakaramaaya pracharanamilla" ennu vilichathil chernnappol.
2011 juulai 8 nuu, badal vottu vyavasthakal raddaakkukayum hitaparisodhanaykku thudakkamitta niyamaparamaaya prakriya avasanippikkukayum cheythu.
avu maathram oru aanupathika samvidaanamallenna vastutha undaayirunnittum, nirnnayakamaaya 'illa' vottu aadyakaala posttine amgeekarikkunnathum aanupathika praathinidhyathe nirasikkunnathum aayi paraamarshikkappedunnu. aanupathika praathinidhyam aavasyappettu paarlamentari harjiyil kansarvetteevu sarkkar nalkia prathikaranam, "votting samvidaanam maattunnathinekkurich 2011 ll oru hitaparisodhana nadathukayum pothujanangal eftipi samvidaanam nilanirthunnathinu anukoolamaayi vottu cheyyukayum cheythu."thiranjeduppu parishkarana prachaarana samghathinte timm ivorson," yuke orikkalum piaaril oru abhiprayam paranjittilla "enna harjiyude vaachakam udharichu vottu pradhanamaakkunnu. david cameron thanne paranjathupole, evi referendum palappozhum eftipiyekkaal aanupaathikamallaatha oru samvidaanathilaayirunnu, athinaal evi nirasikkunnath orupakshe piaarinte nirasikkalayirikkilla."

