
gopaalakrishna bharathi

oru thamizh kaviyum karnataka samgeethasamvidhaayakanumaayirunnu gopaalakrishna bharathi () (1810-1896). keey "athaakkalakshepam" () nandanar charitham, eee vibhaagathile mattu rund kruthikal, niravadhi swatantra "kruthikal" enniva addeham rachichu.
thaan kandumuttiyenn parayappedunna thyaagaraajante samakalikayaayirunnu bharathi, addeham "raaga aabhogi" yill enthengilum rachichittundo ennu addehathodu chodichu; "roopaka thaala" enna kruthiyil addehathinte ettavum janapriyamaaya "kruthikalilonnaaya" sabhapathiku veru "enna kruthiyil bharathi ottaraathrikond rachichu. mahanaaya thamizh saahitya vyakthithvam, yuu. vii. swaminath ayyar bhaarathiyude jeevithathinaayi rund srothassukal ezhuthi samgeethasamvidhaayakante jeevacharitravum samgeethathil addehathinte "guru" yayirunna bhaarathiyekkurichulla paraamarshangal adangiya addehathinte swantham aathmakadhayum.
aadyakaala jeevitam.
naagapattanatthinaduthulla narimanathaanu gopaalakrishna bharathi janichathu. tiruvaaroorinaduthulla mudikondanilaanu addeham thante aadyakaalangal chelavazhichathu. eathaanum varshangalkk sesham addeham maayaavarathinaduthulla anandanandapuram graamathilekku thamasam maari, avide addeham thante jeevithakalam muzhuvan chelavazhichu. addehathinte pithaav, muthachan, muthumuthachan ennivarellaam samskrithathile veena prathipaadakarum panditharumaayirunnu. cheruppatthil thanne maathaapithaakkale nashtappetta addeham oru kshethrathil paachakakkaranaayi jolie cheythu. thudarnnu hindu grandham padippicha govinda yaathiyeyum pinneedu hindusthaani samgeetham padippicha samgeethajnjanaaya ramdasin addeham kandumutty. annu ayyar enna rakshaadhikaariye kandethiya sheshamaan gopaalakrishnan thante professional currier aarambhichath.
rachanakal.
advaita" thathwangalil niravadhi "kruthikal" gopaalakrishna bharathi rachichu. niravadhi sangeetha mukhangal chithreekaricha gopaalakrishna bhaarathiyude "kruthikal" pothujanangalal valare mikacha sveekaaryatha nedukayum addehathinte jeevithakaalathu niravadhi kacherikalil paadukayum cheythu. ithu niravadhi samgeethajnjare gopaalakrishna bharathiye sameepikkaan prerippichu. sangeethanjjar oru puthiya keerthanathinaayulla thante kaazhchappaad prakadippikkukayum, samgeethajnjante aavasyathinu anusrithamaayi bharathi ellaayppozhum oru gaanam rachikkukayum nirbandhikkukayum cheyyum.
chalachithratthinte varavinu munbu pathonpathaam noottaandilum irupathaam noottaandinte thudakkathilum thamizhnaattil, prathyekichu tokkikalkku, prachaaramundaayirunna samgeethathodukoodiya mathaparamaya kathaparachilinte oru vibhagamaaya keey "aathaakkalakshepam" aanu nandanar chithram. "thirunalaippovar naayanar ennum ariyappedunna nandanar enna 'parayar' (dalith allengil thottukoodaatthavan) enna kathaye adisthaanamaakkiyullathaanu 'nandan kaarithiram'. shivante valia bhakthanaya addeham sivakshethrangalil ettavum valiyathaya chidaambaram sandarshikkaan kothichu. jaathi munvidhikal shethrathilekku praveshikkunnathil ninnu thanne thadayumennu addeham valareyadhikam bhayapettu, pakshe addehathinte bhakti eee thadassathe marikadannu, addeham thante aagraham nedukayum oru prakashajwalayil sivanumaayi shaareerikamaayi layikkukayum cheythu. sekkizharinte periyapuraanatthil vivarichirikkunna kathayude oru mikacha vikaasamaan bhaarathiyude "nanthanaar karittiram" enna pathipp. thamizh praadeshika samgeethathinte niravadhi roopangal ulppeduthiya addeham, bhaashaabhedavum janapriya aavishkaaravum pidichedukkaanulla kazhivinu prashamsikkappedunnu. ennirunnaalum, prashastha thamizh saahityapandithanaaya meenakshisundaram pilla kathayude charitraparamaaya vasthuthakalil ninnu vyathichalichathinum vyakaranaparamaaya veezhchakalkkum addehathe vimarshichu.
gopaalakrishna bharathi thante rachanakalil "mudra" (oppu) "gopaalakrishna" upayogichu. vii "arikalama" ("raaga manji"), vii "aaroo" ("saama"), iii "enneraamam" ("raaga devgandhari") thudangiya prashasthamaaya "kruthikal" ivayil ulppedunnu. 
prakadana charithram.
"bharathi avatharippicha nandan charitiram valare janapriyamaayitheerukayum addeham athu thante jeevithakaalathu prasidheekarikkukayum cheythu. marathi prakadana parisheelanatthil ninnulla gadakangalum nritha gadakangalum avatharippichu "kathakalaakshepam" enna kala vikasippichedutha valare bahumaanikkappedunna tanjavoor krishna bhagavathar athine thante maastarpees aakki. steju naadakangalum moonnu chalachithra pathippukalum ulppede niravadhi adaptationukal prathyakshappettu. gopaalakrishna bhaarathiyude vyakthigatha ganangal karnataka samgeethajnjarkkidayil janapriyamaayi. pinneedu tii. ulppedeyulla bharata naatyam narthakar. balasaraswati, "abhinaya" ennu vyaakhyaanikkunnathinaayi thiranjeduttha kashanagal sweekarichu. gaayakan emm abhinayicha chalachithra pathippinte aalbam. emm. nandanar enna nilayil dandapani deshikar (paapanasham shivan sangeetha samvidaanam cheytha) ippozhum janapriyamaan.
bhaarathiyude vikasanathinte bhaagamaayi nandanaarinte kathaykku indiayile deseeya prasthaanavumaayi ganyamaaya anurananm undaayirunnu. nandanar thottukoodaattha ("dalith") vyakthiyaayirunnu, emm. keey. indiayile "dalitharude" duravasthayum abhilaashangalum prakadippikkunnathaayaanu gaandhi thante kathaye kandathu. chidambaratthil shivane kaananulla theevramaaya aagrahathode nandanar aaa maanasikavastha pidichedukkukayum brittanil ninnu swaathanthryam nedaan kothikkunna indian desheeyavaadikalude abhilaashangalkk samaantharamaayi pravartthikkukayum cheythuvennu mattullavar vaadikkunnu.
prasidheekaranam.
karaikalil bhaarathiyude "kathakalaakshepam" valare janapriyamayirunnathinaal niravadhi sarkkar udyogasthar ratri muzhuvan addehathinte prakadanangal ketta sesham jolisthalathu urangumaayirunnu. caraical annu oru franch kolaniyaayirunnu, addehathinte jeevanakkaarude kaaryakshamathayillaaymayude kaaranam anweshikkaan audyogika sisse theerumaanichu. addehathinte anweshanangal kaaranam yadhaarthathil bhaarathiyaanennu nigamanathiletthaan addehathe prerippichu. kauthukathode, bhaarathiyude kacherikalilonnil vyakthiparamayi sandarshikkaan addeham theerumaanichu. bharathiyude prakadanatthil mathippulavaakkiya addeham thante kruthikal oru pusthakamaayi prasidheekarikkaan sahayikkaan theerumaanichu. ithu oduvil bhaarathiyude ettavum janapriyamaaya kruthikalilonnaaya nandan charithiraaminte prasidheekaranathilekku nayichu.

