guru gobind singh

pathaamatheyum avasaanatheyum manushya sikh guruvaayirunnu guru gobind singh (; janana gobind daas; 22 desember 1666-7 october 1708). addeham oru yodhaavum kaviyum thathwachinthakanumaayirunnu. 1675-ll onpathaam vayassil, pithaav guru tej bahaadoorine aurangseb chakravarty vadhichathin sesham addeham sikhukaarude nethaavaayi audyogikamaayi niyamikkapettu. addehathinte naalu jeevashasthraparamaaya puthranmaar addehathinte jeevithakaalathu marichu-randuper yudhathil marikkukayum randupere mugal govarnor vaseer khaan vadikkukayum cheythu.
1699ll khalsa enna sikh yoddhaa samooham sthaapikkukayum khalsa sikhukaar ellaayppozhum dharikkunna anchu vishwaasavasthukkalaaya 'anchu keey. ezz' avatharippikkukayum cheyyuka ennathaanu sikh mathathinu addeham nalkia sradheyamaaya sambhaavanakalil onnu. sikh praarthanakaludeyum khalsa aachaarangaludeyum pavitra bhagamaaya "dasam granth" enna bahumati guru gobind singhinu undu. sikh mathatthinte praadhamika grandhamaayum shaashwatha gurumaayum "guru grandha sahib" enna grandhatthe anthimamaakkukayum prathishtikkukayum cheytha vyakthiyenna bahumati addehathinundu.
kudumbavum aadyakaala jeevithavum.
onpathaamathe sikh guruvaadiyaaya guru tej bahaadoorinteyum maatha gujriyudeyum eaka makanaayirunnu gobind singh. 1666 desember desember bihaarile patnayil pithaav bangal assam sandarshikkumbozhaanu addeham janichathu. addehathinte janananamam gobind daas ennaayirunnu, thakh shree pathna harichander sahib enna oru kshethram addeham janichathum thante jeevithathinte aadya naalu varsham chelavazhichathumaaya veedinte sthalathe adayaalappeduthunnu. 1670-ll addehathinte kudumbam panchaabilekku madangukayum 1672 maarchil avar utharenthyayile himalayan thaazhvarayile shivalik parvvathanira ennariyappedunna chuck naanaakiyilekku thamasam maarukayum avidevechu addeham vidyaabhyaasam nedi.
mugal chakravarthiyaaya aurangsebinte keezhil kashmeer gavarnaraayirunna iftikar khaan nadatthiya mathabhranthamaaya peedanatthil ninnu samrakshanam thedi 1675ll addehathinte pithaav guru tej bahadur kashmeeri pandittukalkk nivedanam nalki. aurangseebumaayi koodikkaazhcha nadatthi samadhaanaparamaaya oru pariharam theg bahadur pariganichenkilum addehathinte jeevan apakadathilaakumennu addehathinte upadeshtaakkal munnariyipp nalki. 1699 nuu sesham gobind singh ennariyappettirunna gobind daas enna yuvaavaan thannekkaal kooduthal neethrthwam nalkaanum thyagam cheyyaanum yogyan mattaarillenn pithaavine upadeshichathu. addehathinte pithaav eee sramam nadathiyenkilum 1675 november november islam mathathilekku parivartthanam cheyyaan visammathichathinum sikh mathavum islaamika saamrajyavum thammilulla samgharshangalkkum aurangsebinte utharavanusarichu dalhiyil vachu parasyamaayi shirachhedam cheyyappettu. maranathinu munbu, guru tej bahadur adutha guruvine kandethunnathinulla avasana pareekshanamaayi guru gobind dasinu (kathu mahallah daswen ennum athu guru grandha saahibinte bhagamaanennum vilikkapettu) oru kathu ezhuthi, pithaavinte rakthasaakshithvathinu sesham 1676 march 29 nuu vaishaakhiyil pathaamatthe sikh guruvaayi addehathe niyamichu.
pathaamatthe guruvaayathin sheshavum vaayanayilum ezhuthilum kuthirasavaari, ambeythu thudangiya aayodanakalakalilum guru gobind singhinte vidyaabhyaasam thudarnnu. oru varshathinullil guru farcy padikkukayum aaram vayassil aayodanakalayil pariseelanam aarambikkukayum cheythu. 1684-ll addeham panchabi bhashayil chandi dhii varr ezhuthi-purathana samskritha grandhamaaya markandeya puraanatthil vivarichirikkunnathu, nanmayum tinmayum thammilulla oru itihaasa yuddham, avide nanma aneethikkum svechaadhipathyathinum ethire nilakollunnu. 1685 vare yamuna nadiyude theerathulla paavondayilaanu addeham thaamasichathu.
guru gobind singhinu moonnu bhaaryamaarundaayirunnu
guru gobind singhinte jeevita maathrkayum neethrthwavum sikhukaare sambandhichidatholam charitraparamaaya praadhaanyamullathaanu. panchaabile ombathu adhiniveshangalilum adhiniveshangalilum 1747num idayil afgaanisthaanil ninnu ahamed shhaa abdaaliyude neethrthwathilulla vishudha yudhathilum thante maranashesham valarekkalam sikhukaare samrakshikkunnathil pradhana punk vahicha khalsaye (aksharaarthatthil, shudhamaayathu) addeham sthaapanavalkkarichu.
khalsa sthaapichu.
1699ll, vaishaakhi (vaarshika vasanthakala vilaveduppu utsavam) dinathil anandpuril othukoodaan guru sikhukaarodu abhyarthichu. sikh paarambaryamanusarichu addeham oru sannadhapravarthakane aavasyappettu. oraal munnott vannu, avane oru koodaaratthinullil kondupoyi. guru ottaykku raktharookshithamaaya vaalumaayi janakkoottathinte aduthekku madangi. addeham mattoru sannadhapravarthakane aavasyappedukayum koodaaratthil ninnu aarumillathe madangukayum raktharookshithamaaya vaalumaayi naalu thavana koodi madangukayum cheythu. anchaamathe sannadhapravarthakan koodaaratthilekku thannodoppam poya sesham, guru anchu sannadhapravarthakarumaayumam surakshithamaayi madangi. addeham avare "panchu pyaare" ennum sikh paarambaryatthile aadyathe khalsa ennum vilichu.
guru gobind singh pinneedu vellavum panchasarayum oru irumbu paathratthil kalarthi, rund vashangalulla vaal upayogichu ilakki amrith ("thaine") thayyarakkunnu. thudarnnu addeham ithu aadhi grandhatthil ninnulla paarayanangalodoppam "panchu pyaare" ykku nalki, angane oru khalsa-oru yodhaakkalude samudaayathinte "khande qaa pahul" (snapana chadangu) sthaapichu. guru avarkk "singh" (simham) enna puthiya kudumbapperum nalki. aadyathe anchu khalsa njaanasnaanamettathinushesham, guru anjuperodum thanne khalsayaayi jnjaanasnaanamelppikkaan aavasyappettu. ithu guruvine aaraamathe khalsayaakki maattukayum addehathinte peru guru gobind raayi ennathil ninnu guru gobind singh ennu maattukayum cheythu. guruvo guruvinte oru masando avarude valath calviralil mukkiya vellam kudikkunna oru guruvinulla muun gurukkanmar anushttichirunna charan pahul aachaarathin pakaramaayirunnu eee deeksha chadangu.
guru gobind singh anchu keey-yude khalsa paarambaryatthinu thudakkamittu.
khalsa yodhaakkalkkaayi addeham oru achadakka niyamavum prakhyaapichu. pukayila, 'halal' maamsam kazhikkuka (mrugathinte thonda murichu arukkunnathin munbu rakthasraavam cheyyaan vidunna arukkal reethi), vyabhicharavum vyabhicharavum nirodhichirunnu. ethiraalikaleyo avarude pingaamikaleyo pinthudarnnavarumaayi orikkalum edapazhakaathirikkaanum khalsakal sammathichu. vividha jaathikalil ninnulla purushanmareyum sthreekaleyum khalsa raankukalilekku samyojippichathum oraalude jathio lingabhedamo pariganikkathe sikh mathatthile samathvathinte thathwathe sthaapanavalkkarichu. khalsaye sthaapanavalkkarikkukayum mugal saamraajyathinte peedanatthe cherukkukayum aurangsebinte aakramanathinethire yadhaartha matham ennartham varunna dharmmathe prathirodhikkunnath thudarukayum cheythathinaal sikh paarambaryatthil guru gobind singhinte praadhaanyam valare pradhaanamaan.
mugal adhikaarikal chumathiya vivechanaparamaaya nikuthikale parokshamaayi velluvilikkunna ashayangal addeham avatharippichu. udaaharanathinu, sikhukaaril ninnu shekharicha amuslim nikuthikal, jisya (amuslimmarkkulla thiranjeduppu nikuthi), theerthaadana nikuthi, bhaddar nikuthi enniva aurangaseb chumatthiyirunnu-avasaanatheth priyappetta oraalude maranathinum shavasamskaarathinum sesham thala mundanam cheiyunna hindu aacharam pinthudarunnavar adaykkenda nikuthiyaanu. khalsa eee sambradaayam thudarenda aavasyamillennu guru gobind singh prakhyaapichu, kaaranam "bhaddar" dharmamalla, marichu oru "bhaarat" (midhyaabodham) aanu. thala mundanam cheyyaathathu dalhiyilum mugal saamraajyathinte mattu bhagangalilum thaamasichirunna sikhukaarude nikuthi adaykkendathilla ennartham. ennirunnaalum, puthiya perumaattachattam pathinettaam noottaandil sikhukaar thammilulla aabhyanthara abhipraayavyathyaasangalkka kaaranamaayi, prathyekichu nanakpanthiyum khalsayum thammil.
guru gobind singh khalsayodu agadhamaaya bahumanam pulartthukayum yadhaartha guruvum "samgathum" (panthu) thammil vyathyaasamillenn prasthavikkukayum cheythu. addeham khalsa sthaapikkunnathinu munbu, sikh prasthaanam samskritha padamaaya "shishya" (aksharaarthatthil, sishyan allengil vidyaarthi) upayogichirunnuvenkilum athinusesham anukoolamaaya padam khalsa aayi maari. koodaathe, khalsaykku munbu, indiayiludaneelamulla sikh sabhakalil sikh gurukkanmar niyamicha "masand" sanbradaayamundaayirunnu. masandukal" praadeshika sikh samudaayangaleyum praadeshika shethrangaleyum nayikkukayum sikh lakshyathinaayi sambathum sambhaavanakalum shekharikkukayum cheythu. masand" sambradaayam azhimathi niranjathaayi guru gobind singh nigamanam cheyyukayum avaa nirthalaakkukayum thante nerittulla melnottatthilulla khalsayude sahaayathode kooduthal kendreekrithamaaya oru samvidaanam avatharippikkukayum cheythu. eee sambhavavikasangal sikhukaarude rund grouppukale srishtichu, khalsayaayi thudakkamittavarum mattullavar sikhukaaraayirikke deeksha etteduthilla. khalsa sikhukaar svayam oru prathyeka mathasthaapanamaayi kaanumbol nanak-panthi sikhukaar avarude vyathyastha kaazhchappaad nilanirtthi.
guru gobind singh aarambhicha khalsa yodhaakkalude samoohapaarambaryam sikh mathathinullile bahuswarathayekkurichulla aadhunika pandithochithamaaya samvaadathinu sambhavana nalkiyittundu. addehathinte paarambaryam aadhunika kaalam vare nilanilkkunnu, deekshaasnaanam nedaathavare sahajadhari sikhukal ennu vilikkumbol, deekshaasnaanam nediya sikhukaare khalsa sikh ennu vilikkunnu.
sikh vedagrandhangal.
piara singh padam thante shree guru gobind singh jii dii darbari rathanil guru gobind singh vaal pole penaykkum bahumanam nalkiyennu eduthukaanikkunnu.
sikh mathatthinte praadhamika grandhamaaya "guru grandh sahib" nte kartarpur potthi (kayyezhuthuprathi) anthimamaakkiyathinte bahumati sikh paarambaryatthil guru gobind singhinu labhikkunnu. anthima pathipp mattu pathippukalile baahya sthuthigeethangal amgeekarichilla, koodaathe addehathinte pithaav guru tej bahaadoorinte rachanakalum ulppeduthi. guru gobind singh eee grandhatthe sikhukaarude shaashwatha guruvaayi prakhyaapichu.
guru gobind singhinu "dasam granth" enna kruthiyum labhichittund. chila sikhukaar randaamathe vedagrandhamaayum mattu sikhukaarkku tharkkatthilulla adikaaramaayum kanakkaakkunna oru vivaada mathagrandhamaanithu. 18 vibhagangalilaayi 17,293 vaakyangalulla 1,428 pejukalaanu eee paatatthinte staanderd editionil ullathu. dasam grandhatthil" sthuthigeethangal, hindu grandhangalil ninnulla puraanakathakal, durga deviyude roopathil sthreethvathinte aakhosham, laingikatha kaikaaryam cheiyunna kettukadhakal, oru aathmakatha, puranangalil ninnulla mathethara kathakal, "mahabharata", mugal chakravarty polulla matullavarkkulla kathukal, yodhaakkaleyum daivashaasthratheyum kurichulla aadaravarhamaaya charchakal enniva ulppedunnu.
thante rachanakalil guru gobind singh shyam, raam, call, gobind daas, gobind singh, nanak, shhaa gobind thudangiya vividha thoolikaanaamangal upayogikkunnu. 
1755ll kesar singh chibbar ezhuthiya bansavlinama prakaram, guru gobind singh daas grandhatthe guru grandh saahibumaayi layippikkanamenn sikhukaar abhyarthichu. guru gobind singh eee abhyarthanayodu prathikarichukondu paranju, "ithaanu aadhi guru grandham; moolagrandham. athu (dasam granth) ente vazhithirichuvidalinu maathramullathaan. ithu manassil sookshikkukayum iruvarum verittunilkkukayum cheyyatte."
bhaktharaya khalsa sikhukaarude deekshayilum dainamdina jeevithathilum "dasam grandh" nuu oru pradhana pankundu. athinte rachanakalude bhagangalaaya jaapp sahib, thavu-prasad savayi, benthi choupai enniva dainamdina praarthanakalum (nitnam) khalsa sikhukaarude deekshayil upayogikkunna vishudha aradhana vaakyangalumaanu.
yudhangal.
guru gobind singhinte pithavaaya guru tej bahaadoorinte vadhathinu sheshamulla kaalaghattatthil aurangsebinte keezhilulla mugal saamrajyam sikh janathayude shathruthaaparamaaya shathruvaayirunnu. gobind singhinte neethrthwathil sikhukaar ethirkkukayum eee kaalayalavil musleem-sikh samgharshangal uyarukayum cheythu. mugal bharanathinum aurangsebinte sainyathinum guru gobind singhil sajeevamaaya thaalpparyamundaayirunnu. guru gobind singhin kudumbatheyum unmoolanam cheyyaan aurangseb utharavu purappeduvichu.
guru gobind singh oru "dharam yudhathil" (neethiye prathirodhikkunathinulla yuddham) vishwasichirunnu, ithu avasana maarggamaayi pooraadunna onnaanu, prathikaarathinaayulla aagrahathaalo athyaagrahathaalo vinashakaramaaya lakshyangaliloodeo allah. guru gobind singhine sambandhichidatholam, svechaadhipathyam avasaanippikkaanum peedanam avasaanippikkaanum swantham mathaparamaya moolyangal samrakshikkanum oraal marikkaan thayyarakanam. eee lakshyangalumayi addeham pathinaalu yudhangalkku neethrthwam nalkiyengilum orikkalum thadavukaare pidikoodukayo aarudeyum aaraadhanaalayathinu kedupaadukal varuthukayo cheythitilla.
poraattangal.
guru gobind singh mugal saamrajyathinum shivalik kunnukalile rajaakkanmaarkkumethire 21 yudhangal nadatthi.
1693ll indiayile decan mekhalayile hindu maraathakalodu pooraadukayaayirunna aurangseb, guru gobind singhin sikhukaareyum anandpuril valia thothil othukoodunnathu thadayanamennu utharavittu.
khalsayude srishtikkushesham munbu guru gobind singhinode yudhathil parajayappetta kunnin rajaakkanmaar dalhiyilekku oru nivedanam ayachu, udan nadapadiyedukkanamennum guru gobind singinethire yudhathil thangalodoppam cheranamennum abhyarthichu.ell.
aanandpoorinte randaamathe uparodham, pandithanmaarude abhipraayathil, anandpurile sayudha sikhukaarude vyaapanamaanu eee uparodhathin kaaranamaayath, vardhichuvarunna ennam vitharanathinte kuravu srishtichu. ithu sikhukaare saadhanangal, bhakshanam, mechil ennivaykkaayi praadeshika gramangal akramikkaan prerippichu, ithu sakhyangal roopeekarikkukayum guru gobind singhinte paarambaryatthinu nere akramanam nadathukayum cheytha praadeshika pahari raajaakkale naadakeeyamaayi niraashappedutthi. mugal generalinu sikh sainikar maarakamaayi parikkelppikkukayum sainyam pinmaarukayum cheythu. sikh prathirodhatthe nasippikkunnathinaayi 1704 meyy maasathil vaseer khaan, sabardaast khaan ennee rund janaralmaarumaayi oru valia sainyathe aurangseb ayachu. meyy muthal desember vare aanandpoorinethire neenda uparodham earppeduthukayum aavarthichulla yudhangalkkoppam akathekkum puratthekkum neengunna ellah bhakshanavum mattu saadhanangalum vichedikkukayum cheyyuka ennathaayirunnu eee yudhathil islaamika sainyam sweekaricha sameepanam. 1704-leeii anandpur uparodhathil chila sikh purushanmaar guruvine upekshichu avarude veedukalilekku rakshappedukayum avide avarude sthreekal avare naanamkedutthukayum avar veendum guruvinte sainyathil cherukayum 1705-ll addehavumaayi yuddham cheyth marikkukayum cheythu. avasaanam, guruvum kudumbavum anuyaayikalum anandpuril ninnu surakshithamaayi purathupokaanulla aurangsebinte vaagdaanam sweekarichu. ennirunnaalum, avar rund baachukalaakki anandpur vittappol, avare akramikkukayum maatha gujari, guruvinte rund aanmakkalaaya 8 vayassulla sorawar singh, 5 vayassulla fatte singh ennivarumaayulla baachukalilonnine mugal sainyam thadavilaakkukayum cheythu. addehathinte rund makkaleyum jeevanode oru mathilil kuzhichumoodiyaanu vadhichathu. muthasshi maatha gujari avidevechu marichu.
mugal akkoundukal.
mugal kottaaratthile musleem charitrakaaranmaar guru gobind singinekkurichum addeham jeevichirunna kaalathe bhoumaraashtreeyathekkurim ezhuthi, eee audyogika pershyan vivaranagal eluppathil labhyamaayirunnu, koodaathe colonial kaalaghattatthile engleesh bhaashayilulla sikh charithratthinte vivaranathinte adisthaanavum.
dhawan parayunnathanusarichu, guru gobind singhinte jeevithakaalathu mugal raajasabhayile charitrakaaranmaar rachicha pershyan grandhangal addehathodu sathrutha pulartthiyirunnuvenkilum mugal kaazhchappaad avatharippichu. saamraajyathva sainyathe prathirodhikkaan thayyaarulla oru sainika kramam srishtichukondu sikhukaarude mathagurupaarambaryam addeham dushippichuvennu avar vishwasichu. guru gobind singhinte maranashesham pathittaandukalo oru noottaando pinnidumbol ezhuthiya chila pershyan ezhuthukaar guruvine apamaanikkunna mugalmaarude rajasabha charithrangale poornnamaayum aasrayikkunnathil ninnu guruvine sthuthikkunna sikh "gurbilas" grandhatthil ninnulla kathakal ulppeduthunnathilekku parinamichathaayi dhawan ezhuthunnu.
muslim commandermar sikh "panthu" vyathyastha vishwasthathayode vibhagangalaayi vibhajikkapetta onnaayi kandathayi mugal vivaranagal soochippikkunnu.
mattu mathavibhagangalumaayulla bandham.
sikhukaarum mugal sainyavum thammilulla akramasakthamaaya shathruthayude falamaayi, guru gobind singh khalsaye musleengalil ninnu saamoohikamaayi verthirikkaan utharavittu, athinte vikarangal samakaalikavum marananantharavumaaya rahit-naamakalil aavarthikkunnu. oru paridhivare, chila hindu achaarangalilum vishwaasangalilum pankedukkunnathum yaadhaasthithika khalsa samoohathe ethirkkunna bhinnasheshikkaraaya sikh vibhaagangalkkethire nirodhikkunna utharavukalum purappeduvichu.
yudhaananthara varshangal.
1704-leeii randaam anandpur yudhathinushesham, guruvum sheshikkunna sainikarum thekkan panchaabile machiwara kaadu polulla sthalangalil olippichuvechathulppe vividha sthalangalil thamasam maari.
1705 nuu sesham guru jeevichirunna vadakku, padinjaaru, madhya indiayile vividha sthalangalil kirpal daas (ammavan), maanuke, mehdiana, chakkar, takhthupura, maadhe, dhina (malwa (panchab) pradesham) enniva ulppedunnu. guru harr gobindinte bhakthanaya raay jodhinte moonnu perakkuttikalaaya bandhukkalkko vishwaasikalaaya sikhukaarkko oppamaan addeham thaamasichirunnathu.
safarnama.
thante kudumbatthinum janangalkkumethiraya aurangseebinteyum sainyathinteyum yudhanadapadiye adaarmikavum aneethiyum ashudhavumaaya vaagdaanathodulla vanchanayayi guru gobind singh kandu. guru gobind singhinte ellah makkalum mugal sainyavum muktsar yudhavum moolam kollappettathinusesham, guru pershyan bhashayil aurangseebinu "safarnama" (aksharaarthatthil, "vijayathinte kathu") enna peril oru kathu ezhuthi, ithu pathonpathaam noottaandinte avasaanathode sikh paarambaryam pradhaanamaanennu kanakkakkunnu.
guruvinte kathu kadinavum ennaal aurangsebinodulla anuranjanaparavumaayirunnu. mugal chakravarty addehathinte senadhipanmaareyum addeham aathmeeyamaayi kuttappeduthukayum bharanathilum yudhathilum dhaarmmikathayude abhavam undennu avare kuttappeduthukayum cheythu. mugal saamrajyam peedippikkappedunnathum durupayogam, nuna, adaarmikatha ennivayaal niranjirikkunnathumaayil athu udan avasaanikkumenn kathil pravachichirunnu. neethiyeyum anthassineyum kurichulla guru gobind singhinte vishwaasangalil aathmeeyamaayi veroonniyathaanu eee kathu.
guru nandedilekku poyath enthukondaanennathinekku rund vivaranangalund, onnu addeham bahadoor shaaye maharthakaleyum bhoy rajavamsha nethaakkaleyum adichamarthaan sahaayikkukayayirunnu allengil kamm bakhshinte kalaapathe athbhuthappeduthukayum sainikar thalarnnu camp cheyyaan theerumaanikkukayum cheythathinaal sikh matham prasamgikkaan maathramaan addeham avide poyath. randaamathethu kooduthal janapriyamaaya aakhyaanamaanu.
kudumbaamgangalude maranam.
guru gobind singhinte naalu aanmakkal, chaar sahibzadeh (naalu rajakumaranmar) ennum ariyappedunnu, addehathinte jeevithakaalathu kollappettu-mootha rund perr mugalmarumaayulla yudhathil, ilaya rund perr sirhindinte mugal govarnor vadhichu. 1704 desemberil anandpur uparodhathil ninnu rakshapetta guruvum rund mootha puthranmarum chamkauriletthiyenkilum oru valia mugal sainyam avare pinthudarnnu. thudarnnulla yudhathil, 'wade sahibzadeh' ennum vilikkappedunna guruvinte mootha puthranmaar dheeramaayi poraadi, pakshe mugal sainyam valare valuthum nannayi sajjeekarichathumaayirunnu.
guruvine surakshita sthalathekku kondupoyappol, guruvinte mootha puthranmaraaya sahibzada ajith singh 17 vayassulla jujar singh 1704 desemberil mugal sainyathinethire nadanna chamkaur yudhathil kollappettu.
1704 desemberil anand puur uparodhathil ninnu rakshapetta guruvinte amma maatha gujriyum rund ilaya puthranmarum guruvil ninnu verpirinju; pinneedu sirhindinte mugal gavarnaraaya vaseer khaante sainyam avare arast cheythu. chotte sahibzadeh' ennu vilikkappedunna ilaya dambathikalum avarude muthasshiyum thanutha shaithyakaalath oru thuranna gopuratthil (thanda burj) thadavilakkappettu. 1704 desember 26,27 theeyathikalil, 6 vayassulla sahibzada fatte singh, 9 vayassulla sorawar singh ennee ilaya anmakkalkk islam mathathilekku parivartthanam cheythaal surakshithamaaya oru vazhi vaagdaanam cheyyappedukayum athu avar nirasikkukayum cheythu; thudarnnu, vaseer khaan avare mathilil jeevanode ishtikayaakkaan utharavittu. maatha gujri thante kochumakkalude maranavaartha kettu bodham nashtappedukayum taamasiyaathe marikkukayum cheythu.
1708ll chittorgad kottaykku sameepam praadeshika sainikarumaayulla ettumuttalil addehathinte datheduttha makan sorawar singh palit marichu. sainapathiyude abhipraayathil, sorawar singh palit chamkaur yudhathil rakshappedaan kazhiyukayum pinneedu rajaputhaanayil guruvine kandumuttukayum thudarnnu addeham chittorgadil cheria tharkkathil earppedukayum marikkukayum cheythu.
sikh charithrakaaranmaarude abhipraayathil, guru gobind singh thante puthranmaraaya fatte singh, sorawar singh ennivarude vadhathekkurichulla kadinamaaya vaartha shaanthathayode edukkukayum 'pakaram ningal oru sakthamaaya theeppori uyarthumbol kurachu theepporikal kathikkunnathil enthaanu prayojanam?'.
avasana naalukal.
1707ll aurangseb marikkukayum parasparam akramicha addehathinte puthranmaar thammil udan thanne pinthudarchaavakaasha poraattam aarambikkukayum cheythu. bhaay dharmasinghinte keezhil 200-300 sikhukaare ayachu pinneedu svayam yudhathil cherunnathiloode guru gobind singh jaujau yudhathil bahadur shhaa onnaamane pinthunachu. sikh srothassukal parayunnathanusarichu guru gobind singhaanu asam shaaye konnath. audyogika pingamiyaaya bahadur shhaa guru gobind singhine thante sainyathodoppam indiayile decan mekhalayil nerittu koodikkaazhcha nadatthaan kshanichu. guru gobind singh thante muun shakthikendramaaya anandpur thirike labhikkumenn pratheekshikkukayum oru varshatholam saamraajyathva campinode aduthu thudarukayum cheythu. guruvineo malayora rajaakkanmaareyo vranappeduthaan thayyaaraakaathathinaal bahadur shhaa munkaala sthithiyilekku punasthaapikkunnathu maattivachathinaal thante bhoomi punasthaapikkunnathinulla addehathinte abhyarthanakal phalapradamallennu thelinju.
guru niravadhi yudhangal nadatthiya oru musleem armi commander sirhindinte navaabumaaya vaseer khaan, rund afghan, jumshed khaan, vaasil baig ennivare guruvinte sainyathe pinthudaraan niyogichu, athu bahadur shaayumaayulla koodikkazhchaykku neengumbol, guruvine vadikkukayum cheythu. indiayile decan pradeshathu sainyamundaayirunna guruvine iruvarum rahasyamaayi pinthudarukayum maasangalolam godawari nadikku sameepam sikhukaar nilayurappichirikkumbol campil praveshikkukayum cheythu. avar guruvine sameepikkukayum jumshed khaan addehathe rund thavana kuthukayum nandedil marakamaaya murivukalkk kaaranamavukayum cheythu. guru gobind singhine vadhicha kolayaliye vaseer khaan ayachathaakanamennilla, pakaram sameepat thaamasichirunna mugal sainyamaan ayachathennu chila pandithanmaar parayunnu.
pathinettaam noottaandinte thudakkathile ezhuthukaaranaaya senapathiyude "srigur soba" anusarichu, guruvinte marakamaaya murivukal addehathinte hridayathinu thaazheyaayirunnu. guru thirichadichu kolayaliye konnu, athesamayam kolayaaliyude koottaali rakshappedaan shramichappol sikh gaardukal kolappedutthi.
eathaanum divasangalkku sesham 1708 october october guru thante murivukal moolam marichu. addehathinte maranam mugalmarumaayulla sikhukaarude deerghavum kayperiyathumaaya yudhathinu aakkam kootti.
1768ll kesar singh chibber ezhuthiya bansavalinama prakaram, guruvinte avasana vaakkukal ithaayirunnu "grandham guruvaanu, athu ningale akaalilekku konduvarum. guru khalsayum guru khalsayumaanu. shree sahib maathaadeviyaan eee irippidam nalkiyirikkunnath. parasparam snehikkukayum samoohathe vipuleekarikkukayum cheyyuka. grandhatthinte vaakkukal pinthudaruka. sikhiye pinthudarunna sikh guruvinoppamayirikkum. guruvinte perumaattam pinthudaruka. ellaayppozhum vaaheguruvinoppam nilkkuka."
dohra mahallah daswan (10).
guru gobind singh thante swantham rachanakalonnum guru grandha saahibil cherthittillennu pothuve vishwasikkappedunnumdum, 1429-leeii pejile vedagrandhathinte avasaanathoduthu patthaam guruvinte "dohra mahallah daswan" (10) enna peril "dohra" ennariyappedunna orotta praasaathmakamaaya dvipadam guru gobind singhinte kruthiyaanennu chilar vaadikkunnu.
chodyathile rachana iprakaaramaanu
trilochan singhinte abhipraayathil, guru tej bahadur dalhiyil aurangaseb thadavilaakkiyappol yuva gobind dasinu oru "shloka" roopathil oru kathu ayachu, bhaay udayum panditt kirppa ramum chernnu cheria kuttikk vyakthiparamayi kaimari
gurupadaviyile pingamiyude pareekshanamaayirunnu athu. anandpuril ninnu ezhuthukayaayirunna gobind daas, adutha sikh guruvaayi vijayikkanulla addehathinte sannadhatha sthireekarikkukayum akkaalathe sikhukaarkku eee saadhyathayekkurich thonniya aashankakal shaanthamaakkukayum cheytha "dohra" enna marupadi nalki. thante maranashesham thante makan bharanam ettedukkaanum sikh samoohathe nayikkanum thayyaaraanenn guru tej bahaadoorinu ariyamaayirunnu. makante marupadi vaayichathinusesham guru tej bahadur makanu oru anthima sandesham ayachu
bhaay munny singhinte "sikhaan dhii bhagat maal" rachanayil ezhuthiya vivaranathilaanu eee katha rekhappeduthiyittullathu. suuraj prakash", "meha prakash", kesar singh chibbarinte "bansavalinama" thudangiya mattu charitra srothassukalil eee katha kooduthal vivarikkappedunnu. guru grandh saahibine staanderd cheythappol anjjaathamaaya kaaranangalal guru gobind singhinu dohra nalkaruthennu ezz. jii. pii. sii theerumaanichu, pinneedu athu illaathe prasidheekarikkukayum cheythu, 17,18 noottaandukalile guru grandh saahibinte niravadhi kayyezhuthuprathikalil patthaam guruvinodu dohra aaropikkappettilendum, avayil palathilum patthaam guruvinte oppu undu.
janakeeya samskaarathil.
sikh mathatthile chila vishwaasangal kaaranam sikh gurukkanmaare pothuve screenil chithreekarikkunnillenkum, guru gobind singhinte jeevithathe chuttipattiyulla niravadhi indian sinimakal nirmmichittundu. ivayil ulppedunnu
paraamarshangal.
vivarakkuripukal
avalambangal
grandhasoochika
kooduthal vaayana

