
topness

topness (tii, sathyam ennum vilikkunnu), oru flavour kwaandam nambar, oru kanikayil adangiyirikkunna topp kwaarkkukalude ennavum (tii) topp aantikvaarkkukalude ennavum () thammilulla vyathyaasathe prathinidheekarikkunnu
parambaraagathamaayi, topp kwaarkkukalkku + 1 enna topnesses topp aantikvaarkkukalkku-1 enna topnesses undu. topness enna padam apoorvvamaayi maathrame upayogikkunnulloo; mikka bhauthikashaasthranjarum "topp kwaarkkukalude ennam", "topp aantikvaarkkukalude ennam" ennivaye paraamarsikkunnu.
samrakshanam.
ellah swad kwaandam nambarukaleyum pole, topness shakthamaayathum vaidyuthakaanthikavumaaya edapedalukalkku keezhil samrakshikkappedunnu, pakshe durbalamaaya edapedalukalkku keezhilalla. ennirunnaalum, 10−23 secondil thaazheyulla ardhaayuss ulla topp kwark valare asthiramaanu, ithu sakthamaaya edapedal nadakkaan aavashyamaaya samayamaan. athukondaanu topp kwark hadronise cheyyaathathu, athaayath athu orikkalum mesono barriono undakkunnilla, athinaal oru mesoninteyo barioninteyo topness ellaayppozhum poojyamaanu. sakthamaaya reethiyil samvadikkaan kazhiyumbozhekkum athu kwaarkkinte mattoru ruchiyilekku (saadhaaranayaayi oru thaazhathe kwarkkilekku) shayikkukayum cheythu.

