
dallaasukalude charithram

eee lekhanam texasile (yunaittad stetts) dallaasinte charithram kandethunnu.
praadeshika kaalaghattam (1500-1838).
europpukaar sthirathaamasamaakkunnathinu munbu cadocar dallas pradeshathu thaamasichirunnu. pathinaram noottaandil texasile ellah pradeshangalum puthiya speyininte spanish vaisroyithyathinte bhaagamaayi. eee pradesham franchukaarum avakaashappettirunnu, ennaal 1819-ll adams-onis udambadi chuvanna nadiye puthiya speyininte vadakkan athirthiyaayi maattikkond dallakale audyogikamaayi spanish pradeshathinullil sthaapichu.
1778ll athanus dii messierus enna europian vamshajan, speyinile raajaavinte sevanathil earppettirunna oru franchukaaranaaya dii messierus, innathe kottaykku sameepam trinity nadiyude padinjaaran fork kadannirikkaam. addeham ezhuthi
dii messierus kizhakkan cross thadikale vivarikkukayaanennum nilavile kottaykkum arlington idayil trinity nadiyude padinjaaran fork kadakkaan eee paatha anuvadikkumennum bolton vaadikkunnu.
1821ll meksikoo speyinil ninnu swaathanthryam prakhyaapikkunnathuvare innathe dallas spanish bharanathin keezhil thudarnnu, eee pradesham meksikkan samsthaanamaaya kohuyila vaii tejaasinte bhaagamaayi. 1836ll republic oof texas meksikkoyil ninnu verpedukayum ekadesham 10 varshatholam oru swatantra rajyamaayi thudarukayum cheythu.
settilment (1839-1855).
thaddesheeya amerikkakkaarkkum kudiyettakkaarkkum sevanam nalkunnathinaayi oru nalla vyapara poost thirayunna joonn neeli bryan 1839 ll dallas pradeshathu aadyamaayi sarway nadatthi, vishalamaaya trinity vellapokka samathalathil noorukanakkinu mailukalolam eathaanum prakrithidatha fordukalilonnil cado pathakal murichukadakkunnu. aasoothrithamaaya preesttan paatha vadakku-thekk roottaaya fordinu sameepamaan oodunnathennum 1845 ll america texas pidichadakkiyappol bryans bluffile foord kooduthal praadhaanyamarhikkunnavum bryan ariyamaayirunnu.
pradeshathe sarway nadatthiya sesham bryan arkkansasilekku madangi. avidevechu, vadakkan texacil ninnulla ellah thaddesheeya amerikkakkareyum neekkam cheiyunna oru udambadi oppuvachu. 1841 novemberil addeham madangiyethiyappol addehathinte upabhokthaakkalil pakuthiyum pooyi. oru vyaapaarakendrathinupara 1841 novemberil 1844 jeey. yill thaan sthaapicha oru sthiramaaya vaasasthalam srishtikkaan addeham theerumaanichu. pii. dumakal sarway nadathukayum nilavile nagarakendratthinaduthulla blokkukaludeyum theruvukaludeyum oru bhagam sthaapikkukayum cheythu. perinte uthbhavam anishchithathvathilaanu. audyogika charitraparamaaya adayaalam vais president jorjju emm. dallas oof philadelphia, pensylvania. ennirunnaalum, ithu tharkkavishayamaan. addehathinte sahodaran comodore alexander jaims dallas, sahodaranmaraaya walter aarr ennivar ulppedunnathaanu uthbhavathinulla mattu saadhyathayulla sidhaanthangal. dallas allengil jaims aarr. dallas.
aadya varshangal (1856-1873).
1856 februvari 2 nuu aaraamathe texas niyamasabhayude pathiv sammelanathil dallasinu oru taunn charter labhichu. oru constable, treasurer-recorder, aarr aldermanmar ennivarkkoppam saamuval prior aadyathe meyaraayi thiranjedukkappettu. 1860 aayappozhekkum 97 aafrikkan amerikkakkarum (kooduthalum adimakalaakkappettavar) beljian, franch, jarmman, swis kudiyettakkaarum ulppede pattanatthile janasamkhya 678 aayi. aaa varsham, railway thekk ninnu aduthuvarikayaayirunnu, niravadhi steju lineukal ithinakam nagaratthiloode kadannupokunnundaayirunnu.
1860 joolaiyil, dallasile bisinus jillayile mikka kettidangalum nasippichukondu oru theepiduttham nadannu. bhayam moolam, niravadhi vellakkaar adimakal ithinu pinnilundennu anumaanikkukayum rund adimatha nirmmaarjanavaadikal pattanatthil ninnu purathaakkappedukayum cheythu. avar moonnu aafrikkan-american adimakale thallikkonnu, "texas trables" ennariyappedunna sambhavathinte bhaagamaayi dallasile matellaa adimakaleyum chaattavaaradikk adikkaan udyogasthar utharavittu. 1861leeii aabhyantharayudhathinte thalennu, dallas kaundi 741-237 enna peril vighadanathinu anukoolamaayi vottu cheythu. aaa varsham juun 8 nuu oru yudhaavastha prakhyaapikkappedukayum pouranmaar eee shramathe valareyadhikam pinthunaykkukayum cheythu. yudhangalil ninnu valare akaleyaayirunna eee pattanatthinu yudhathil oru kedupaadum sambhavichirunnilla.
punarnirmmaana kaalayalav dallakalkku niravadhi velluvilikalum samsthaanathinu chila nettangalum konduvannu. mattu thekkan nagarangalumayi thaarathamyappeduthumbol nagaram abhivridhi praapichirunnathinaal niravadhi aafrikkan amerikkakkar yudhaanantharam jolikkayi dallasilekku kudiyeri. vellakkaarude melnottatthil ninnu rakshappedaanum swantham samoohangal sthaapikkaanum avar graamapradeshangal vidaan aagrahichu. swathanthrarude pattanangal dallakaliludaneelam chitharikkidannu. veluthavarude aadhipathyam nilanirthaanulla sramangalil, velutha vimatha vettaranmaar 1868-ll oru kuu cluxes klaan adhyayam sthaapichu. 1871 aayappozhekkum dallas niyamaparamaayi oru nagaramaayi maari. 1869ll punarnirmmaana niyamanirmmanasabha aadyamaayi pothu vidyaabhyaasathe pinthunaykkunnathinaayi oru dhanasahaya samvidaanam sthaapikkukayum samsthaanathudaneelam school jillakal sthaapikkaan adhikaarappeduthukayum cheythu.
pramukha aabhyanthara yudhaveeranmaaril vilyam dablyu ulppedunnu. rooss. dallas morning nyoos" parayunnu, "vilyam dablyu. andrew jeey. 1866ll dallasilethiya aadyakaala bhoovudamakalaayirunnu rooss. oraal aabhyantharayudhathil pankedutthirunnayaalaayinu, ennaal iruvarum karshakarum riyal estettu devalapparmaarumaayirunnu.rund sahodaranmaarude bahumaanaartham rooss avanyoo ennu namakaranam cheyyappedukayum avarkk munbu undaayirunna bhoomiye randaayi vibhajikkukayum cheiyunnu.
pradhana vadakku-thekk (hoosttan, texas central railroad), kizhakk-padinjaaru (texas, pasaphik railway) texas railroad roottukal 1873 ll dallasil murichukadannu, angane oru vaanijya kendramenna nilayil athinte bhaavi urappakki. trainukalude varavu janasamkhya vardhikkunnathineyum ardhamaakkunnu-1872 nte thudakkathil 3,000 ll ninnu athe varsham septambaril 7,000-thiladhikam aayi dallakalude janasamkhya vardhichu. puthiya kettidangalum puthiya bisinessukalum divasena prathyakshappettu. thekkum kizhakkum bhaagathekku kayattumathi cheytha daanyangal, parutthi thudangiya asamskritha vasthukkaludeyum charakk vilakaludeyum vipanikalude prabhavakendramaayirunnu dallas. padinjarottu yaatra cheiyunna aalukalkkulla saadhanangalkulla "avasana avasaram" koodiyaayirunnu athu.
vyaavasaayika kaalaghattam (1874-1929).
vyavasaya kaalaghattatthil krishiyude kendratthil ninnu valarnna dallakal oru pradhana, svayamparyaapthamaaya vyaavasaayika nagaramaayi maari. dallas mekhalayile karshakare badhikkunna prasnangal moolamaanu dallaasile vyaavasaayika valarcha bhaagikamaayi roopappettathu varshathil vaaypayil saadhanangal vangiya sesham, karshakar avarude vilayude bhooribhaagavum vyaapaarikalkk kadappettirikkunnu. theerathekku kayatti ayaykkunnathinulla chelavu valare uyarnnathaayirunnu, parutthiyude vila kurayukayaayirunnu.
1880 aayappozhekkum jayy gauldinte neethrthwathil misauri-kansas-texas railway dallasilethi. 1885ll pradhana theruvu vaidyuthi kondu prakaashippichu. 1888ll dallas mrgashaala thurannathode samsthaanathe aadyathe suvological garden aayi maari.
1890-ll, bhoomishaasthraparamaayi dallakalekkaal valuthaayirunna kizhakkan dallas nagaram dallas koottichertthu. eee kootticherkkal texasile ettavum janasamkhyayulla nagaramaayi dallasine maatti. 1893ll deseeya saambathika bheethiyethudarnnu niravadhi vyavasaayangalum anchu dallas baankukalum parajayappettu. parutthiyude vila poundinu anchu sentil thazheyaayi, thadi, maav vipanikal ellaam aprathyakshamayathinaal niravadhi aalukal nagaram vidaan thudangi. 1898 aayappozhekkum nagaram veendedukkaanum veendum valarukayum cheythu. 1894ll parkland memorial ashupatri ookku pultthakidiyude padinjaaru thurakkapettu. 1903ll trinity nadikku kurukeyulla oru nagaramaya ookku cliff kootticherkkappettu.
irupathaam noottaandinte thudakkathil, thekkupadinjaaran american aikyanaadukalile pramukha mayakkumarunnu, pusthakam, aabharanangal, motha madyavipaniyaayirunnu dallas. parutthi, daanyam, pothu ennivayude vyapara kendramaayum ithu taamasiyaathe maari. lokathile munnira ulnaadan parutthi vipaniyaayirunna ithu ippozhum saddlery, parutthi jiinn yanthrangal ennivayude nirmmaanatthil lokathe nayichu. irupathaam noottaandinte thudakkathil, dallakal oru kaarshika kendratthil ninnu banking, insurance, fashion retailing, mattu bisinasukal ennivayude kendramaayi maari. neeman marcus ippol pravarthanarahithamaaya eyum ivide sthaapikkappettu. harris, sanger sahodaranmaar vasthram dharikkan thayyaraya kadakal. 14 nilakalulla praitorian kettidam mississippi nadiyude padinjaaru aadyathe ambarachumbi texasile ettavum uyaram koodiya kettidavumaayirunnu.
1902ll samsthaana niyamasabha thiranjeduppu nikuthi earppeduthiyappol vottavakaasham nishedikkappetta texasile karuthavargakkaar, meksikkan amerikkakkar, pavapetta vellakkaar ennivare purogathiyude bhooribhaagathil ninnum ozhivaakkiyirunnu. koodaathe, vamseeya verthiriv niyamavidheyamaakkukayum velutha aadhipathyam adichelppikkukayum cheythukondu jiim kakka niyamangal neratthe sthaapikkukayum cheythirunnu.
1908ll trinity nadhi vellappokkathil mungi, aazhathilum veethiyilum ethi. vellapokkasamayath anchu perr marichu, 4,000 perr bhavanarahitharayi, 25 laksham dollarinte swath naashanashtangal kanakkakkappettu. vellappokkathinushesham, thrithwathe niyanthrikkunnathinum ookku malancherivukaleyum dallakaleyum bandhippikkunna oru paalam nirmmikkunnathinum nadapadiyedukkaan nagaram aagrahichu. 1911-ll, oru nagara aasoothrakanaaya jorjju kessler, trimoorthikkum nagaratthinum vendi oru padhathi thayyarakki. addehathinte padhathikal thudakkathil avaganikkappettuvenkilum aathyanthikamayi 1920-kalil avaa thirike konduvarikayum naveekarikkukayum cheythu. 1930kalode addehathinte pala padhathikalum saakshaathkarikkappettu.
vyaavasaayika thozhilukalude vipuleekaranam eee mekhalayiludaneelamulla kudiyettakkaareyum thekkan, kizhakkan europil ninnulla kudiyettakkaarudeyum thiramaalakaleyum aakarshichu. 1910-ll meksikkan kudiyettakkaarude oru tiramala sthirathaamasamaakkiyathinushesham maple avanyoo, mckinny avanyoo, emm. keey. tii (missauri, kansas, texas) railway ennivayaal athirthi pankidunna eee pradesham littil meksikoo ennariyappettu, avar president porpherio diasinteyum addehathinte sarkkaarinteyum paraajayathetthudarnnu thadassamundaakkukayum meksikkan viplavathinte (<aii. dii. 1] thudakkam) aarambikkukayum cheythu. faaktarikal, krishi, railway ennivayil jolie edukkaan ellah mekhalakalilum ninnulla mexicancar dallas pradeshathekku vannu.
1910ll noorukanakkinu aalukalude oru vellakkaar oru karuthavarggakkaaranaaya alan aruvikale thallikkonnu. janakkoottam aruvikale peedippikkukayum thudarnnu pradhana, accard nagarangalude kavalayil "swaagatham sandarshakar" enna vaakkukal alekhanam cheytha alankaara kamaanathil thookkiyidukayum cheythu."aayirakkanakkin purushanmaarum sthreekalum kuttikalum peedanasthalathu vannu kolapaathakatthinte sookshippukal shekharichu. chithrangalulla postkaardukal upayogichaanu athu anusmarichathu. utharavaadikalaaya aareyum kandethaan kazhinjillennu adhikrithar avakashappettathinaal archethireyum kuttapathram samarppichitilla.
1911ll federal reserve baankinte pathinonnaamatthe praadeshika shaakhayude sthaanamaayi dallas thiranjedukkappettu. aaa varsham kodeeswaranaaya doow. vilyam worthington saamuval, dallas nagaratthinaayi aadyathe ambulance vaangukayum pinneedu parkland ashupatri vipuleekarikkunnathinaayi aayirakkanakkin dollar sambhavana cheyyukayum cheythu.
vyomayaanathinte valarcha onnaam lokamahaayudhathil nagaratthil puthiya vikasanam srishtichu. oru vyomayaana pariseelana kendramaayi lavu feeld sthaapikkappettu. camp dikkinte aasthaanamaayirunnu fair paarkk, oru pariseelana soukaryavum. 1927ll munisippal vimaanathaavalamaayi upayogikkaan nagaram lavu feeld vaangi. 1915-ll thekkan methadist sarvakalashaala thurannu.
enna kaalayalav (1930-1945).
mahaamaandyam aarambhichenkilum, 1930-ll nirmmaana bisinesses abhivridhi praapichu. aaa varsham, columbus marian "daad" joyiner kilgorile dallasinu kizhakk enna adichu, kizhakkan texacil enna kuthichuchaattam aarambhichu. texassileyum oklahomayileyum enna vyavasaayathinte saambathika kendramaayi dallas athivegam maari. ennappaadangal vikasippikkunnathinayi baankukal vaaypa nalkukayum texas panhandil, permian thadam, kizhakkan texas, gulf theeram, oklahoma ennividangalile ellah ennappaadangaludeyum saambathika kendramaayi dallas maarukayum cheythu. 1931-nte madhyathil vila idivum amita uthppaadanavum nagara sambadvyavasthaye prathikoolamaayi baadhichathuvare ithu maandyathekkurichulla mikka chinthakalum maattivachu. appozhekkum nagaratthile 18,000-thiladhikam aalukal thozhilrahitharaayirunnu. puthiya edapaadu nayam aarambhikkunnathin munbu, nagarathinu palareyum sahaayicha bhakshanathinaayulla oru padhathi undaayirunnu.
1936 vareyulla varshangalile oru neenda prachaaranatthinu sesham, 1936 leeii texas shatabdi pradarshanatthinte sthalamaayi texas samsthaanam dallas thiranjedutthu. meela parkkil pradarshanathinaayi ambathiladhikam kettidangal nirmmikkukayum 10 dasalaksham sandarshakar 25 dasalaksham us dollar (innathe kanakkanusarichu us dollar) kazhcha kaanaan athukayum cheythu.
randaam lokamahaayudhasamayathu, yudhashramangalude nirmmaana kendramaayi dallas pravarthichu. 1942ll dallasile foord motor plaant yudhakaala ulppaadanathilekku parivartthanam cheyyappedukayum jeeppukalum sainika trekkukalum maathram uthppaadippikkukayum cheythu. 1943ll nagaram yudhavimaanangal vitharanam cheyyaan thudangi, 376,085 ration pusthakangal vitharanam cheythu.
noottaandinte madhyathil (1946-1974).
1958-ll texas upakaranangalude jacq kilby dallasil integrated sarkyoottinte oru pathipp kandupidichu; eee sambhavam dallas pradeshatthinte uyarnna saankethikavidyayude nirmmaana kendramenna nilayilulla vikasanathe thadassappeduthi (saankethikavidya emm. vikasippicha kilby taamasiyaathe kaaliforniyayile "silikkan thaazhvara" yill enchineeyarmaar vikasippichedutha oru malsaraadhishtitha saankethikavidya pidichadakki, avar intal korppareshan roopeekarichu). 1950kalilum 1960kalilum ling-temco-vottu (ell. tii. vii korppareshan), texas instruments thudangiya kambanikalude valarchayode dallas raajyathe moonnaamathe valia saankethika kendramaayi maari. 1957ll trammel croy joonn emm. donald echu roopakalppana cheytha oru veettupakaranangalude maartt stemmons thurannu. lokathile ettavum valia mothavyaapara samuchayamaya dallas maarkkat sentaraayi valarnna speck. athe varsham, dallas memorial audittoriyam (ippol keeii bailey hutchison kanvenshan sentar) ippol dauntaunile kanvenshan sentar jillayaya kantoon, accard theruvukalkk sameepam thurannu. 1963 november 22nuu american president joonn eph. dauntaun dallasile dayley plaasayiloode addehathinte motor kaar kadannupokumbol kennady elm streettil vachu vadikkappettu. texes school book deposittariyaaya liie harvy ooswald shoat kennady kettidatthinte mukalile rund nilakal muun presidentinte jeevithavum nettangalum ulkkollunna charitraparamaaya myusiyamaakki maatti, vedivayppinu 30 minitt kazhinju parkland memorial ashupathriyil kennady niyamaparamaayi marichathaayi prakhyaapichu. 
riyal estettu kuthichuchaattam (1975-1985).
1970 kalude avasaanathilum 1980 kalude madhyathilum, dallas kettidanirmmaanatthil kuthichuchaattathinu vidheyamaayi, ithu dauntaun pradeshathinu oru savisheshamaaya samakaalika profile desheeyathalathil prashamsikkapetta aarkkidekttukalude swaadheenathil oru pramukha skyline srishtichu. 1980kalode, enna vyavasaayam kooduthalum hoostanilekku maariyappol, valarnnuvarunna saankethikavidyayude kuthichuchaattatthil ninnu (valarunna computer, telecom vyavasayangalaal nayikkappedunna) dallas prayojanam nedaan thudangi, athesamayam bankinginteyum bisinasinteyum kendramaayi thudarnnu. 1983ll, dallasileyum pradeshanagarangalileyum watermar dallas traansit samvidaanathinu pakaramaayi dallas eriya rapid traansit srishtikkunnathinu amgeekaaram nalki. 1981ll dallas oodaliyayum 1983ll renner koottichertthu. 1984ll dallas museum oof art fair parkkil ninnu dauntaunile arts distrikttile aadyathe kettidangalilonnayi maari. 1984ll republican deseeya kanvenshan dallasilum nadannu. 1985ll, riyal estettu kuthippinte uchasthaayiyil, 72 nilakalulla baank oof america plasa (annu interfest plasa) dallasile ettavum uyaram koodiya kettidamaayi thurannu. 1980kalude pakuthi muthal avasaanam vare, pala baankukalum, prathyekichu dallasile, sambaadya, vaipa prathisandhiyude samayat thakarnnu, ithu nagaratthinte sambadvyavasthaye eathaandu nasippikkukayum noorukanakkinu gadanakalude padhathikal raddaakkukayum cheythu.
maandyam (1986-1995).
1980kalude madhyam muthal 2005 vare, dauntaun freeway looppinullil oru uyarnna kettidam polum nirmmichirunnilla. amithamaya oohaapohangal, amithamaya nirmmaanam, sambaadyavum vaipa prathisandhiyum enniva nagaratthe saambathikamaayi nashippichu. 1987ll dallasile aadya vanita meyaraayi anett stross udghaadanam cheyyappettu. 1989ll, morttan echu. dauntaunile arts distrikttil mairson symphany sentar thurannu. eee samayathum (1991), dallas athinte 150-aamm vaarshikam aakhoshichu. eee samayat vaarthakal report cheiyunna rund pradhana pathrangalulla avasaanathe pradhana nagarangalilonnaan dallas. ennirunnaalum, "dallas times herald" 1991-ll athinte prasidheekaranam avasaanippichu, dallas vaarthakal cover cheiyunna eaka pradhana pathramaayi "dallas morning nyoos" avasheshichu.
nilavile kaalayalav (1996-innuvare).
1990kalude avasaanathil, prathyekichum laas kolinas, telecom idanaazhi thudangiya pradeshangalil, kuthichuyarunna telecom vyavasaayam dallakalil pottitherichu. eee kaalayalavil, dallas teksaasinte silikkan vaali allengil "silikkan prairy" ennariyappettu. dott coom bubble pottitheriyum 2001leeii bheekaraakramanavum nagaratthile niravadhi pradhana vyavasaayangale baadhichu. 2004 aayappozhekkum saambathikamaaya oru maattatthinte soochanakal prathyakshappedaan thudangi. 2005ll pathinaayirakkanakkin paarppida parivarthanangalkkum cheria paarppida padhathikalkkum idayil moonnu gopurangalude nirmmaanam aarambhichu. 2010 aakumbozhekkum north central texas kaunsil oof gavanments 10,000 nivaasikal eee paridhikkullil jeevikkumennu prathekshikkunnu. vadakku, raajyathe ettavum chooderiya riyal estettu vipanikalilonnaan aptoun. 2006-nte thudakkathil aaa pradeshathu onpathu uyarnna kettidangaloo hotelukaloo nirmmaanathilaayirunnu. 500 dasalaksham dollarinte vijaya paarkkinte randaam gattamaaya 3bii + dollarinte padhathiyaanu munnil nilkkunnath. poornnamaayi nirmmikkumbol, athil 4,000-ladhikam thaamasasthalangalum 4 meter adii oafees, retail sthalavum undaayirikkanam.
perfoming arts foundeshante dallas sentar pradeshathe maasttar plaanil niravadhi puthiya padhathikalil nirmmaanam nadappakkiyathinaal dauntaunile arts distrikt valarchayude oru pradhana pooyintaayi maari. winspeare ooppara hausum (fosttarum pankaalikalum) vaili theaterum (metropolittan vaasthuvidyayude oafees-reme koolhaz) nasser shilpa kendratthilum (renzo piano) mairson symphany sentarilum (athaayath.emm. peyum pankaalikalum), pritskar vasthuvidyaa sammana jethaakkal roopakalppana cheytha oru blokkinullil naalu kettidangalulla lokathile eaka nagaramaayi dallas maari.
2016 meyy 31nuu niravadhi nagarangalil record vellapokkam undaayi.
2016 juulai 7 nuu, mattu samsthaanangalil ninnulla rund karuthavargakkaare police kolappeduthiyathil prathishedhichu dallas nagarakendrathil nadanna prathishedhatthinu nere onniladhikam vediyuthirkkal nadannu. thokkudhaari vellakkaraaya udyogasthare lakshyamit anchu pere kollukayum ombathu perkku parikkelkkukayum cheythu. ithu ningalkk ettavum marakamaaya divasamaayi adayaalappeduthi.ezz. septambar 11 aakramanathinu sesham niyamapalanam. manikkoorukalolam neenda charchakal parajayappettathine thudarnnu, police robot bomb prayogikkukayum ell centro kolejinullil thokkudhaariye kollukayum cheythu.
2019 juun 17 nuu, earle cabell federal kettidatthinum kodathikkum purathu oru vedivayppu nadannu, athil kuttavaali kollappedukayum oraalkk parikkelkkukayum cheythu.