
bishappinte waltam

englandile hamshareil hamble nadiyude uravidathil sthithi cheiyunna oru madhyakala vipani pattanamaan bishops waltam (allengil bishops waltam). southu dauns desheeyodyaanathil oru adii ulla ithu winchesterinum porttsmouthinum edayilulla deerghakaalamaayi sthaapithamaaya roottinte madhyathilaanu sthithi cheiyunnathu. engleesh paithruka maanejmentinu keezhilulla oru shedule cheytha purathana smarakamaaya bishappinte vaaltham kottaaratthinte avashishtangalum ippol swatantra kadakal ulla niravadhi pattikappedutthiya kettidangalulla nannayi samrakshikkappetta hye streetum ivideyundu.
kottaaratthil thamasikkaan nagaram sandarshicha madhyakala, tudor rajaakkanmaarudeyum raajnjikaludeyum oru roll kooll bishappinte vaalthaaminte neenda charithratthil ulppedunnu. wald" (vanam), "haam" (settilment) ennee anglo-saaksan padangalil ninnaan pattanatthinte peru uruthirinjathu.
6, 723-ladhikam janasamkhyayulla aadhunika bishop waltam nagarathinu purathulla winchester jillayile ettavum valia vaasasthalamaanu. oru sisuvinteyum juuniyarinteyum vidyaalayamaanithu.
charithram.
nagaratthinte peril moonnu bhaagangalund-'walt'-vanam; 'haam'-settilment; 'bishop'. eiii. dii 450 num 550 num idayil valare aadyakaala anglo-saaksan vaasasthalamaayi aarambhicha ithu eiii. dii 1001 ll danes kathichenkilum hamshareile ettavum valia graamangalilonnayi maari. thaazhikakkudapusthakathinte (eiii. dii. 1086) samayat, 115 veedukalilaayi 600 oolam aalukal thaamasichirunnu-akkaalat hamshareile pathinonnaamatthe valia vaasasthalamaayirunnu ithu. 904-ll, rajaavaaya edward dhii eliyar (rajaavaaya aalfredinte makan) athu winchesterile bishappaya denvulfumaayi portchestarile bishappinte estettinaayi kaimari. 1136-ll pilkkala bishappaya henry dii blois oru puthiya palli nirmmikkukayum 1158-ll ippol takarnna bishappinte vaaltham kottaram aarambikkukayum cheythu. engleesh aabhyantharayudhakaalathu olivar cromvellinte nirddeshaprakaaram ithu nasippikkappettu. pazhaya kottaaratthinte bhooribhaagavum ippozhum pattanathilaanu. pothujanangalkkayi thurannuvechirikkunna avashishtangalkk purame, kottaaratthil ninnulla vasthukkal innum pattana kettidangalil nirmmaana saamagrikalayi upayogichirunnu.
vaikkemile vilyam pattanatthil vachu marichu, trafalgarh yudhathinu sesham admiral villeneuve ulppede 200 oolam franch udyogasthare avide thadavilaakki.
norman edavaka pallikkoppam niravadhi georgian kettidangal pattanatthilundu. 1617ll sthaapithamaaya (baker wine vyapaarikal) oof-licenses ulppede niravadhi cherukida praadeshika bisinasukalulla (kashaappukaaran, bekari, mathsyathozhilaali) eee nagaram savisheshamaaya oru swabhaavam nilanirthunnu. nagaratthile prashasthamaaya hye streettil niravadhi cheyin storukalum (qoo-oopu polullava) oru valia supermarket shringalayum (sainsburies) undu, ennirunnaalum, ivayudeyum mattu storukaludeyum udamakal valia shringalakal avarude bisinasukalkku bheeshaniyaakunnath thadayaan poraadi, avar vaadikkunnu, pattanatthinte swabhaavam. yunaittad kingdatthil asaadhaaranamaayi, sameepat oru munthirithottam undu.
pathonpathaam noottaandil niravadhi kaarshika vitharanakkaarum vyaapaarikalum kannukaali vipaniyum ulla oru vijayakaramaya maarkkat tounaayirunnu bishop vaaltham. pattanatthinu vadakku oru valia ishtika panikalum undaayirunnu, oppam pattanatthe prakashippikkunnathinum choodaakkunnathinum taunn gyaas nalkunna oru gyaas varkkukalum undaayirunnu. pathonpathaam noottaandinte avasaanathode baank streettile alankaricha ishtika kettidam kaivashappeduthiyirunna oru thozhilaallikalude sthaapanathe pinthunaykkaan mathiyaya valia thozhil janasamkhya eee pattanathilundaayirunnu, athu 2003 vare thurannirunnu, athu bhavanamakki maatti. yunaittad kingdatthile avasaanathe pravishya swakaarya baankaaya gunner aandu kambaniyude aasthaanamaayirunnu bishappinte waltam.
ishtikappani bishappinte walthamile oru pradhana thozhiludamayaayirunnu. 1862ll arther sthaapicha bishappinte waltam kaliman kambaniyaayittaayirunnu punny aarambhichath. muun kottaaratthinte malsyakkulangalkku kuruke taunn sentarinu padinjaaru sthithi cheiyunna srishtikal bhoomishaasthraparamaayi valare anuyojyamaaya sthalathaayirunnu hamshire thadatthile pradhana kaliman inangalaaya lunden kalimannum reeding formation beds vyathyasthavum ennaal eluppathil axus cheyyaavunna thalangalilumaayirunnu. kambani kaliman ishtikakalum tailukalum nirmmikkaan thudangi, 1864-ll sthaapitha staffordshire manpaathrangalumaayi malsarikkaan terracotta vasthuvidyaa, homeware uthppannangal nirmmikkaan thudangi. thozhilaallikaayi puthiya bhawana nirmmaanatthilum (eee prakriyayil ishtika panikalkku thekk nyoodaun jilla srishtikkunnu) bishop waltam railway nirmmikkanulla parajayappetta shramathilum (chuvade kaanuka) pravrithikalude kuranja laabhavum swantham bhaagyathinte bhooribhaagavum nikshepikkaan arther sahayikkunnu. saambathika maandyam oduvil 1867-ll bisinesses thakarnnadikkaan kaaranamaayi. landanile blanchard kudumbam pravarthanarahithamaaya jolikal ettedukkukayum 1871-ll pravartthanam punararambhikkukayum cheythu. 1880-ll bishappinte vaaltham kaliman kambani blanchard & kambaniyumaayi layippichu.ithu bishappinte walthamine athinte puthiya pravartthanatthinte kendramaakki maattukayum pravrithikalil valareyadhikam nikshepam nadathukayum cheythu. bishappinte valthaamil nirmmicha blanchard terracotta athinte thilakkamulla chuvapp niratthinum kadinavum minusamarnnathumaaya baahya gadanayudeyum valia shakthiyudeyum apoorva samyojanathinum lokaprashasthamaayi.
blanchard terracotta upayogikkunna kettidangalil buckingham kottaravum landanile naachural histtari myusiyavum peru, eejipt vare akaleyulla kettidangalum ulppedunnu. blanchard bishop vaalthaamilum vividha tharatthilulla ishtikayum tyle nirmmikkunnath thudarnnu, avaa railway nirmmaanatthilum kaundiyile mattu sivil enchiniyaring padhathikalilum vyaapakamaayi upayogichirunnu. hockley railway vayadaktum miyoon vaali reyilveyile prevet railway tonnel-hamshareile itharathilulla ettavum dairkhyameriyava-blanchard ishtikakal upayogichu. nyoottan, waltam chase, swanmore, southhaamptan, porttsmouthu ennividangalile victorian bhawana stokkinte bhooribhaagavum bishappinte waltaminu nere vediyuthirtha ishtikakal kondaanu nirmmichirikkunnathu. 1918-ll bisinesses kaimaran anantharaavakaashikalillaathu blanchard sahodaranmaar eee srishtikal southhaamptan aasthaanamaayulla pramukha nirmmaathaakkalude vyaapaarikalaaya eliot sahodaranmaarkku vittu. yudhakaalathudaneelam avar bisinesses thudarnnu, pakshe bishappinte waltam jolikalude thaarathamyena cheria thoth, vipuleekaranathinu edamillaathathu, saittile labhakaramaaya kaliman nikshepathinte alavu enniva bhaagyathil idivundaakki. lunden ishtika kambaniyude udamasthathayilulla midu laandukalile valia ishtikappanikalil ninnum malsaram undaayirunnu, oro divasavum oru varsham nirmmicha blanchard jolikalekkaal kooduthal ishtikakal nirmmikkunnu (1956 ll 15 laksham ishtikakalum 650,000 tailukalum) ennathinartham ooppareshan kooduthal kaaryakshamamallathaayi. randaam lokamahaayudhasamayathu eee saittin valia bomb kedupaadukal sambhavikkukayum 1957 ll eliots bishop waltam varkkukal (ippozhum 'blanchards' ennariyappedunnu) adaykkukayum cheythu. eee saitt ippol kaliman vyavasaya estettum bisinus paarkkumaan-muun ishtika nirmmaana saittil ippozhum oru eliots buildermaarude vyapara shaakhayundu.
buzz sarveesukal.
bishappinte valthaamil oru pradhana buzz stoppund-square. eee stoppinu oro dishayilum manikkooril sharashari moonnu sarveesukalundu.
bishappinte valthaamil rund buzz kambanikalundu steju coach southu, selabus.
railway line adachu.
1862ll bottleyil ninnu nagaratthilekku bishop waltam branch line railway nirmmikkaan bishappinte vaanijya padavi urappunalki. 1870kalil railway lunden, southu vestten reyilveyude bhaagamaayi maari, avar yaathrakkaarude sevanangalkkayi prathyeka steem reyilkaarukal pravarthippichu, ennirunnaalum bhooribhaagam gathagathavum charakkukalaayirunnu-ishtikakal pattanatthil ninnu puratthekku pookukayum gyaas varkkukalkkayi kalkari varikayum cheythu. kannukaali trekkukalum passenture vandikalum chernna trainukal upayogichu bishop valthaamil karshakarkk avarude kannukaalikale vipaniyilekku konduvaraan anuvadikkunnathinaayi ell. ezz. dablyu. aarr prathyeka sevanangal nalki. 1932ll eee paatha saadhaarana yaathrakkaarude gathaagathathinaayi adachu, ennaal charakk sevanangal thudarnnu, oduvil 1960kalil nirthunnathinumumbu pathivilum pathivilum kuranju. praadeshika ishtika nirmmanangal terracotta nirmmicha niravadhi vasthuvidyaa vishadaamshangalulla oru vyathirikthamaya ishtika/pakuthi maram roopakalppanayaayirunnu bishappinte waltam steshan, ithu pattanatthile pradhana vrithaakrithiyilulla sthalathaanu-ippol "pazhaya steshan roundebout" ennariyappedunnu-bii 2177-nteyum bii3035-nteyum junctionil ippol corhamptonilekku. laininte oru cheria bhaagavum raundu ebouttinu aduthulla oru jodi level crossing gettukalum samrakshichittundu.
samskaaravum aakarshanangalum.
fraansile sent-boonnet-leeii-chaattoyumaayi bishappinte waltam erattakalaanu. uthsavangalum mattu paripaadikalum nadatthaan kottara maithaanangal pathivayi upayogikkunnu. pattanatthil oru cheria myoosiyamund.
winchesterile thiyettar royalumaayi bandhapetta praadeshika naadaka samvidaayakaraanu bishappinte vaaltham yoothu thiyettar nadathunnathu.
moors.
prathyeka shaasthreeya thaalpparyamulla sthalamaanu moors, bishappinte waltam. thekkan hamshareile chokku puranthallalinu thekk nadeethadatthinte hamblinte thalayil sthithicheyyunna kshaareeya thanneerthadatthinteyum thuranna vellathinteyum desheeyathalathil pradhanappetta oru pradeshamaanith, ithu aavasa tharangal, sasyangal, mruga samoohangal, apoorva enangal ennivayude nalla vaividhyam pradarshippikkunnu. thalphalamaayi, saittinte bhooribhaagavum yuke vanyajeevi, gramapradesha niyamaprakaaram prathyeka shaasthreeya thaalpparyamulla (ezz. ezz. ezz. aii) saittayi prakhyapikkuka mathramalla, prakrithi samrakshana avalokana (enn. sii. aarr) saittaayum athinte prathyeka deseeya thaalpparyathinu amgeekaaram nalkunnu.
pradhaanamaayum jalashaasthraparamaayi sensitiivu aaya fenn, fenn pulmedukal, thekk, padinjaaru ozhukunna aruvikalum azhukkuchaalukalum kondu verthiricha eerppamulla vanangal enniva ulkkollunnathaan eee bhoomi. chila azhukkuchaalukal chokku neeruravakal nalkunna ottathavana watercress kidakkakalil ninnu uthbhavich 'manal kuliyukalil' ninnu undaakunna padinjaaran aruviyilekko alexander moorukalil ninnu undaakunna kizhakkan aruviyilekko ozhukunnu. rund aruvikalum waltam mill kulathilekku ozhukunnu, avide ninnu vellam nadhi haambilinte head vaattaraya moors aruviyilekku ozhukunnu. padinjaaran aruviyude thalayilulla oru pradesamaanu 'manal kullukal', athil uyarnnuvanna neerurava vellam charal niranja aruviyil karangunna manal paadukal srishtikkunnu.
ezz. ezz. sii. ykkum sameepathulla bhoomikkum akathulla neeruravakalum uparithala jalasrothassukalum nalkunna thanneerthada pradesham ulkkollunna moorukal waltam mill kulathilekku ozhukunnu. mill kulatthil ninnulla vellam chase milliloodeyum thudarnnu moors nadiyude poshakanadiyaaya northbrook aruviyude poshakanadiyaaya hamblilekku cherunnu.
bishop waltaminu sameepamulla oru praadeshika prakrithi samrakshana kendramaanu dundridge pulmedukal.
rivar hamble.
nagaratthinte vadakkan attathulla northbrookkil nadhi haambilinte poshakanadiye srishtikkunna chokku dounukaludeyum theeradesha samathalangaludeyum samgamasthaanathulla hamble thaazhvarayilaanu bishappinte vaalthaaminte kantri tounum edavakayum sthithi cheiyunnathu. nadhi pinneedu thekkott, vadakku, thekk kulangaliloode ozhukunnu, thudarnnu bottliyilekku ozhukunnu, avide moors aruvi poshakanadiyaaya bishappinte vaalthaaminte thekke attathulla northbrook aruvi poshakanadiyil cherunnu. nadhi pinneedu thairkkuzhaliloode fairthonile veliyetta azhimukhathinte thalayilekku ozhukunnu.
vidyaabhyaasam.
1969ll sthaapithamaaya bishops waltam juuniyar school 2010 joolaiyil nadatthiya parisodhanaye thudarnnu 2017ll ettavum puthiya parishodhanaykk keezhil eee schooline grade 1 'mikacha' skoolaayi rettucheythu. aii. dii. 1 vayass prayamullavarkkulla rund roopangalulla entry skoolaanithu. athinte feeder school bishop waltam shisu skoolaanu. swanmore koleju seeniyar skoolinte vrishtipradeshathaanu ividuthe vidyaarthikal.
2011ll offsted, bishappinte waltam shisu vidyaalayathe grade 1 'mikacha' vidyaalayamaayi vilayiruthukayum 4 muthal 7 vayass vare praayamulla kuttikalkkulla rund roopangalulla shisu vidyaalayamaanithu.
athe saittil, lillipad pree-school pravartthikkunnu. bishappinte waltam montessory eee pattanathilaanu sthithicheyyunnathu, 2016 ll offsted grade 1 'mikacha' ennu rettucheythu.
kaayika vinodavum vinodavum.
priori paarkkile soukaryangal upayogikkunna bishops vaaltham dynamos enna oru valia yoothu development club undu. 1975 ll sthaapithamaaya dynamos ippol hamshareile ettavum valia juuniyar, yoothu football klabbukalilonnaanu, bishop waltam pattanatthilum athinte paridhiyilum ulla eathoru sosaittiyilum clubbilum ettavum valia amgathvamundu.
sauhruda malsarangal kalikkunna juuniyar teamukalkum leag ithara teamukalkum purame hamshire krikkatt leagil moonnu teamukalum bishop waltam krikkatt club nadathunnundu. albani roadinte avasaanathil bhoomi vihithathinappurathaan.
hoow rooad recreation groundil bishop waltaminu rund tennies korttukalundu. njaayarazhcha raavile kuttikalude pariseelanam labhyamaan.
bunker kunninte yuddham.
1860kalil oru infermericaayi nirmmicha nyoodaunile oru valia chuvanna ishtika veedaaya priori, bishappinte waltam, ayalpakkathinu gunabhokthavaaya sarr arther nalkunna bhoomi sahayikkunnu. leopold rajakumaran 1864ll tharakkallittu, sarr frederic perkins raajakumaarante bhaaryayude oru prathima sammaanichu. ennaal sarr arther sahayichavar maricha saahacharyangal kaaranam, kettidam addehathinte kadakkaar avakaashappedukayum oru swakaarya veedaayi vilkkukayum cheythu. prathima thirike kondupokaan sarr frederic perkinsine ayachu, pakshe gramavaasikal shakthamayi ethirthu, oru poraattam nadannu, athine 'bunker kunninte yuddham' ennu vilikkapettu-prathima ippol southhaamptanilaanu.
waltam blacks.
praadeshika janataye pravarthippikkukayum bhayappeduthukayum cheiyunna oru koottam maan vettakkaraayirunnu vaaltham blacks, avar maan moshanathinu mathramalla, paarlamentinte oru niyamathinum perukettavaraayirunnu, avare thadayaan 1723 leeii black act pasaki. 1723ll pasakia eee niyamam "maanukale collano oru yudhakkuthiraye kollayadikkaano malsyam moshtikkaano roopakalppana cheytha aayudhadhaarikalaayo veshammari allengil karutha mukhathodeyo prathyakshappedunnathu" kuttakaramakki.
gunner kambaniyum.
hamshareile bishop waltam aasthaanamaayulla oru engleesh swakaarya baankaayirunnu gunner aandu kambani. 1809ll sthaapithamaaya ithu pathonpathaam noottaandinte bhooribhaagavum bishappinte walthaminteyum miyoon thaazhvarayudeyum praadhamika pravishya bankayi pravarthichu. 1921 muthal 1953ll barclays baank vaangunnathuvare yunaittad kingdatthile avasaanathe pravishya swakaarya baankaayirunnu ithu. 1973 vare gunner kudumbam gunner, marappanikkaaran ennivarude niyamaparamaaya pariseelanam thudarnnu.
pazhayathum varthamaanakaalavumaaya pothubhavanangal.
1500kall muthalulla kireeda hotel, oru kaalath oru coaching sathramaayirunna kireeda hotel, oru thuranna gallery akathe muttatthe avaganikkunna stable bru houseukalum ulla rund court yaardukalulla oru purakuvashathaayirunnu. 1960kalil veedu athinte munpathethum kooduthal krithyavumaaya sathrapadaviyilekku madangukayum athinusesham ganyamaaya mattangal sambhavikkukayum cheythu.
vaitt swan, baank street, bishop waltam enniva 2006 octoberil adachu.
maffecking heero, baank street, bishappinte waltam. ippol adachu. thudakkathil vaitt hart ennariyappettirunna pathinezhaam noottaandile oru coaching sathramaayirunnu ithu; ennirunnaalum, dakshinaafrikkayile 217 divasathe maffecking uparodham 1900 ll ozhivaakkiyathin sesham ithu punarnaamakaranam cheyyappettu. uparodhathe athijeevicha graamatthile purushanmaare pub enna peru aadarichu. adachidunna samayat oru vaitt bread pub, ennaal munbu athu gosportinte blakes aayirunnu. ippol ithu bishappinte vaaltham tanturi restorantaayi upayogikkunnu.
vaitt hozhs beaches hill, bishappinte waltam-2010 ll adachu. munbu thuranna theekalulla oru janapriya kantri pub, arther & karol noottu niravadhi varshangalayi nadathukayum avarkk munnil lenne chool nadathukayum cheythu.
priyari inn, winchester rooad bishop waltam. bishappinte vaalthaamiloode kadannupokunna steshanum railway lainumaayulla bandham kaaranam munbu railway inn aayirunnu
barley koonn, basingwell street, bishappinte waltam. pathinezhaam noottaandile ookku beaming kettidamaanu barley koonn inn. oru kaalath ithu oru madyanirmmaanashaalayaayum athinumumbu oru paavappettavarude veedaayum ariyappettirunnu, pavappettavar mukalilathe nilayil thaamasikkunnu, ippol saloon baar oru pigsttiyaayi upayogikkunnu
oru koottam munthirippazhangal, sent peettezhs street, bishop waltam. pathinaram noottaandil nirmmicha ithu bishappinte vaalthaaminte ettavum manoharamaaya theruvukalilonnaanu.
kings head sent jorjas square, eee pub c.1914 adachu, frank stubs estettu ejantumaaraayi maari, ippol oru chainees restorantaanu
brook streettilaayirunnu madyanirmmaana tapp sthithicheythirunnathu. 1911ll nilavilundaayirunna eee pub ippol bhaagikamaayi vaathuvepp kadayaayi upayogikkunnu
baank streettilaayirunnu madyanirmmaanashaalakalude aayudangal. 1911 laanu eee pub nilavilundaayirunnathu.
kaattukaarude koodu sthithicheyyunnathu hye streettilaayirunnu. 1911ll nilavilundaayirunna eee pub ippol oru faarmasiyaayi upayogikkunnu
hye streettilaayirunnu dolphin sthithicheythirunnathu. 1859 aayappozhekkum eee pub nilavilundaayirunnu; ennirunnaalum, 1897 aayappozhekkum ithu oru thayyalkkadayayi maari. ippol ithu oru pachakkari kadayaayi upayogikkunnu.
chuvanna simham sthithicheyyunnathu chuvanna simha theruvilaan (ippol kaar paarkkinginte bhagamaanu). 1859 laanu eee pub nilavilundaayirunnathu.
wheatshief, free street, bishappukal waltam. eee pub adachu. free streettinte moolayil sthithi cheythirunna ithu ippol pazhaya wheatshief kottej ennu vilikkappedunnu.
abbi mill.
1862ll nirmmicha abeh mill, steshan rooad, bishop waltam. millarmaraya joonn hegum (1867) joonn edwards (1871) henry harliyum mattu niravadhi perum 1902ll jaims duke ettedukkunnathinu munbu noottaandinte thudakkathil mill nadathiyirunnuvennum pinneedu milling ooppareshan avasanikkunnathuvare duke kudumbam nadathiyirunnuvennum abbe millinaayulla vyapara directorykal kaanikkunnu. 2005ll supermarket shringalayaaya sainsburies punarvikasanatthinaayi vilkkunnathuvare abbe millu offeesukalkkaayi upayogichirunnu. punarvikasanam yadhaarthathil nadannilla, saitt vilppanaykku undu.

