
aarbriselinte roobert

arbrisel roobert (1045-1116) oru sanjaarapravaachakanum fontevroad abbeyude sthaapakanum aayirunnu. addeham arbriselil (brittaniyile ridiyezhsinaduthulla) janikkukayum ippozhathe cherr vakuppile oorsaan priyariyil vachu marikkukayum cheythu.
srothassukal.
robarttinte jeevitam praadhamikamaayi ariyappedunnathu rund jeevacharitrangalil ("vitta") ninnum mattu aaraadhakarum vimarshakarum ezhuthiya niravadhi kathukalil ninnumaanu. aadyathe "vitta" 1116-ll robarttinte maranathinu thottupinnaale doll-enn-bretaininte bishappaya (munbu borgwayile seyint-piyarinte aashramathile madaadhipathiyaayirunna) dolile boudri ezhuthiyathaanu, ithu petronillayaanu niyogichathu. randaamathe "vitta", "vitta altera", oru andreas ezhuthiyathaanu, orupakshe robarttinte chapline fontevrodinte purusha priyari sentntinte thalayum. jeane aandu robarttinte jeevithathile avasaanathe aarumaasathe kendreekarichaanu kooduthal shradha kendreekarikkunnathu. petronilum andreas kammeeshan cheythathayi abhipraayappettirunnuve mattullavar andreas samudaayathinu vendi ezhuthiyirunnuvennu abhipraayappettittund. rund rachayithakkalkkum robertine vyakthiparamayi ariyaamaayirunnathinaal, eee vaitteyil vivarichirikkunna sambhavangal itharathilulla madhyakala vibhaagathil saadhaaranayaayi anumaanikkaavunnathilum kooduthal charitraparamaayirikkaam.
jeevacharitram.
aadyakaala jeevitam, paareesil padikkukayum brittaniyilekku madangukayum cheyyuka.
1045-ll brittaniyile arbriselil domaliokkinteyum oorgandeyudeyum makanayi roobert janichu. addehathinte pithaav oru edavaka purohithanaayirunnu. grigorian parishkaranatthinu munbu vivahita purohithanmaar thikachum asaadhaaranaraayirunnilla. pithaavinte pingamiyaayi addeham edavakayile purohithanaayirikkam. vidyaabhyaasam mechappeduthunnathinaayi addeham paareesilekk pooyi, avide addeham kurachu varshangal padanathinaayi chelavazhichu, orupakshe loninte keezhil, pinneedu ganyamaaya daivashaasthra arivu prakadippichu. addehathinte sthaanaarohanathinte theeyathiyum sthalavum anjjaathamaanu. 1076 nuu kurachu munbu, roobert thante edavakayilekku madangukayum rennez bishappayi prabhukkanmaraaya silvesttar dii laa guersheye thiranjedukkunnathine pinthunaykkukayum cheythu. thiranjeduppu oru simoniac aayirunnu, athaayath "orikkalum oru purohithane niyamikkaattha vaal vahikkunna niraksharan ennu visheshippikkappedunna" silvesttar svayam offeesilekku vaangi. vardhichuvarunna aathmeeyathayudeyum parishkarana theekshnathayudeyum samayat silvesttar svayam oru ayogyanaaya idayanaayi theliyikkukayum angane parishkarana prasthaanatthil ninnu sakthamaaya ethirppu neridukayum cheythu. 1078-ll, gregory VII-nte oru marpappa legettu ulppedeyulla oru parishkarana kaunsil silvestareyum roobert ulppedeyulla addehathinte anuyaayikaleyum purathaakki. 
roobert paareesil thante patanam punaraarambhichu, mathapadanathinaayi svayam samarppikkukayum ennaal addehathinte pilkkala charismetic prasamgangal soochippikkunnathupole vairudhyavum vaachaadopavum nadathukayum cheythu. addeham paareesil oru pathittaandolam chelavazhichu, athil addeham sabhaa parishkartthaakkalude aadarshangalum thante eremitic sanyaasathinte aadarshangalum sweekarichu. 
1089-ll fraansil udaneelam janapriyamaayikkondirunna grigorian parishkaranatthinte aadarshangal ettedutha bishop silvesttar robertine thirichuvilichu. varunna naalu varshathekku, roobert silvesttarinte pradhana purohithanaayi pravartthikkukayum rennes roopatha phalapradamaayi nadathukayum paareesil thaamasikkukayum padikkukayum cheytha mathaparamaya jeevithathinte aadarshangal nadappilaakkukayum cheyyum. brahmacharyathil parishkaarangal konduvarikayum prabhukkanmaarude swaadheenathil ninnu pallikale mochippikkukayum cheyyaan bishop silvesttar robertinte sahaayathode shramichuvenkilum ithu brittaniyil, prathyekichu praadeshika purohithanmaarkkidayil shathruthaykk kaaranamaayi. 1093 oode silvesttarinte maranashesham roobert deshyathilekku oodippoyi. ivide addeham praadeshika cathedral schoolil patanam punararambhikkukayum avidatthe school maasttar marbodiusumaayi parichayappedukayum cheythu. padanatthinu purame addeham sanyaasathilekkum kooduthal theevramaayi thirinju. 
sanyasi, yaathraavivarana prasangakan, laa royude adithara ennee nilakalil jeevitam.
1095-ll addeham kroon vanathil (laavalinte thekk-padinjaaru) oru sanyasiyaayi, burnard oof thyroninte koode kadinamaaya tapassu jeevitam nayichu, pinneedu tiroon, vittis, savigni abbeyude sthaapakan ennivarude sabhayude sthaapakan, ganyamaaya shradha nediya mattullavar. addehathinte bhakthiyum vagvaadavum sanyaasavum niravadhi anuyaayikale aakarshichu, koodaathe fraansile yaathrakalil addehathinte prashasthi arban randaaman maarpaappayil ethi. 1096 februvariyil deshyathil arban randaaman robertine vilichu vishudha-nikkolanmaarude sabhayude samarppanathil oru pareekshanamaayi prasamgikkaan aavasyappettu. roobert pasakukayum prasamgikkaanulla licensaaya licensaaya pradeekandi nalkukayum licensulla yaathraavivarana prasamgakanaayi robarttinte jeevitam aarambikkukayum cheythu. eee sanjaaraprasangaprasangakar palappozhum mathavidveshathinte athirthikalilaanenkilum parishkarana prasthaanatthinte ashayangalum janasamkhyayil sabhaa padippikkalukalekkurillu arivum prolsaahippikkaan sahayichu, aadyakaala sabhaykku sesham aadyamaayi aathmeeyatha oru bahujana prathibhasamaayi maari.
arbante prasamgatthinte ahvaanam pinthudarunnathinu munbu, kronil thante anuyaayikale sthirathaamasamaakkendathu robertinu aavashyamaayirunnu. ithu renode aii dii kroon sambhavana cheytha bhoomiyil laa royude aashramathinte aditharayilekku nayichu. sthiramaaya niyamangalude oru samoohamenna nilayil niravadhi praadeshika bishappumarum purohithanmaarum chernnu arban randaaman marpappa foundeshan sthireekarichu. 1097 eprilil prathishtikkappetta palliyudeyum niyamangaludeyum cabinukalude nirmmaana samayat roobert thaamasichu. 
 robarttinte aadya anuyaayikalude samghathinte rachanayekkurichu dolile boudri onnum paraamarshikkunnillenkum sthreekalum eee samghathinte bhagamaayirunnirikkaam. ennirunnaalum, avar laa royude bhaagamaayirunnillenkilum eee mekhalayile mattu vanita sabhakalil sthirathaamasamaakkiyirikkaam. oru charteril avasaanamaayi paraamarshichappol robarttinte edapedal 1098nuu mukalilaayirunnillenn thonnunnu. lii maansinte bishappaya hildebertil oru rakshaadhikaariye roobert kandethi.
fontevrodinte adithara.
yaathraavivaraniyaaya prasamgakanaayi jeevithathinte puthiya ghattathil earppedaan ippol swathanthranaaya roobert roadukal sweekarikkukayum thante athisayakaramaaya sanyaasiniyude roopabhaavathaal uyarnna samsarasheshi ellaayidathum janakkoottathe aakarshikkukayum cheythu. addehathinte neethrthwathil sanyasi raashtrathe sweekarikkaan aagrahichavare addeham laa royilek ayachu, ennaal niyamangal posttulantukalude ennatheyum vaividhyatheyum ethirthu. addehathinte edaykkideyulla virudhaprasangam aareyum veruthevittilla, ithu addehathinte muun schoolmastar marbodine vimarshikkunnathilekku nayichu, ippol rennes bishop aaya addeham "unnatha padavikalil ullavarude" kuttakrithyangal polum paraamarshichuvennu aaropichu. thante chila vanita anuyaayikalude athe muriyil urangukayaayirunnuvennu marboad madaadhipathiyum jiophree addehathinethire veendum aaropichu.
mathavishwaasikalaaya purushanmaarum sthreekalum orupole shudhamaaya vivaahathil jeevikkunna aadyakaala sabhapravarthanamaaya "sinisactism" enna sanbradaayathe roobert anukarichirikkaanaanu kooduthal saadhyatha. 
eee aropanangal 1100 novemberil robertine poyattiyezhs kaunsililekku vilikkaan kaaranamaayi, athe varsham thanne paschel randaaman maarppaappayude rund legettukal yogam chernnirunnu. bhagyavashaal robertine sambandhichidatholam addehathinte sanyaasathodu souhrudamulla niravadhi purohithanmaar undaayirunnu, avaril robertinte ettavum sakthamaaya pinthunakkaaranaaya poyittiyarsile bishop peettar randaman ulppedunnu. athinaal robarttinte mishra lingavibhaagathinte aniyanthrithamaaya jeevitam niyanthrikkappedanamennum ettavum pradhanamaayi avar purushanmarkkum sthreekalkkum prathyeka thaamasakendrangal nirmmikkanamennum kaunsilinte aavasyangal undaayirunnu. koodaathe, peettar randaamante sabhayude udamasthathayilulla roif edavakayile pooyittiyarmaarude roopathakalilaayirikkenda vaasasthalavum kaunsil theerppaakki. bertrad dii montfortumaayulla niyamavirudhamaaya bandham kaaranam fraansile philipp onnaamane bahishkarikkaanulla kaunsilinte theerumaanathilum roobert pankedutthu, addeham pinneedu fontevrodile oru kanyaasthreeyaayi.
ithu fontevrodinte eratta aashramathinte aditharayilekku nayichu. shampaininte hersende brittani prabhuvinte bandhuvaya bandhuvineyum addeham abbez aayum kemil baaranas petronilla codgetress aayum niyamichu. fontrewalt sent bharanam pinthudarnnu. anugraham. robarttinte sabhaa vimarshakarilninn samrakshanam nalkiyirunnathinaal mathramalla akkaalat anjouvine vettayaadiyirunna araajakathvaparavum yudhasamaanavumaaya rashtreeya saahacharyangalilninn chinoon, soumoor, laudon kottakalkkidayil aayirunnathukondum eee sthalam nannayi thiranjedukkappettu. roobert madatthinte nirmmaana samayat thaamasikkukayum pinneedu veendum rodukalilekku pookukayum cheythu, ennirunnaalum, ithavana addeham sanbarkkam nilanirthukayum thudarnnulla ellah aditharakalum fontevrodinte adhikaarathinu keezhil vaykkukayum cheythu.
robarttinte aitihyam mathaparivarthanam cheyyappetta veshyakalude saannidhyathe deerghakaalamaayi soochippikkunnu, eee avakaashavaadathinu theerchayaayum samakaalika thelivukal undu. dollinte baldrick, robarttinte meritrisus shishyanmaarkkidayilulla saannidhyathekkurich ezhuthunnu-aaa samayat veshyakaleyo allengil kuranjathu dhaarmmikamaayi ayanja sthreekaleyo soochippikkaan saadhaaranayaayi upayogichirunna oru laattin padamaayirunnu athu. robertinte anuyaayikalkkidayil veshyakal undenna kaaryatthil eathaandu urappullathayi vox-dii-serneyude aashramathil ninnu kandethiya oru grandham sthireekarikkunnu. eee vaachakathil, roobert rouvanile oru veshyalayam sandarshikkukayum avideyulla veshyakalodu paapathekkurichu samsaarikkukayum cheiyunnu; avar avanodoppam marubhoomiyilekku nadakkunnu. vyabhichaarikaleyum veshyakaleyum anuthaapathinte marunnayi aakarshikkuka" ennathaanu robertinte lakshyam. athu bandhapetta katha athinte vasthuthakalude kaaryangalil poornnamaayum sathyamallayirikkaam, pakshe robertinu veshya anuyaayikal undaayirunnu enna adisthaana sathyavumayi ithu bandhappettirikkunnu-atharam oru katha akkaalat pothuvaaya naanayathilaayirunnuvennu kaanikkunnathiloode. roobert thante fontevroad madatthile oru veedum merii magdaleynin samarppichu.
pinneedulla jeevithavum maranavum.
roobert thante jeevithavasaanam vare padinjaaran fraansiludaneelam thante missionary yathrakal thudarnnenkilum eee kaalaghattathekkurichu valarekkurache ariyoo. 1106ll paschel randaaman marpappa fontevroad oordarinu amgeekaaram nalkukayum robarttinte jeevithakaalathu eee oordar 5,000 aayi valarukayum cheythu. 1110-ll addeham naantas kaunsilil pankedutthu. thante maranam aduthuvarunnathinekkuru arivu fontevrodile thante aditharayude sthiratha urappakkaan nadapadiyedukkaan addehathe prerippichu. addeham thante sanyaasimaarkk sthirathayude prathinjja nalkukayum gavanmentinte roopam pariharikkunnathinayi oru adhyayam (septambar 1116) vilikkukayum cheythu. pashchaathaapamulla bertrad sthaapicha oru priyariyaya howt-bruyeril ninnu addeham fontevrodinte mattoru priyariyaya oorsaanilekku pooyi, avide addeham marichu. addehathinte swakaarya suhruthum borges aarch bishappumaya legaraanu addehathinte panagirikk nalkiyathu.
aaradhana.
asaadhaaranamaaya sanyasi sanbradaayangal thiranjedukkunnathil kadutha vivechanarahithathayude prathikaaramaanennu jiophree robertinethire unnayicha aaropanam (pii kaanuka.ell., klvi, 182) pathinezhaam noottaandilum pathinettaam noottaandilum valareyadhikam vivaadangalude uravidamaayirunnu. robarttinte bhaagathuninnulla vichitramaaya pravarthanangaludeyum addehathinte sammishra anuyaayikalkkidayile azhimathikaludeyum mattu thelivukal eee kimvadanthikalkku kaaranamakaan sahaayichittundaakam. thangalude sthaapakanu nereyulla aakramanangale apakeerthippeduthaan fontevristukal avarude kazhivinte paramavadhi cheythu.
rennesile bishop marbodiasinteyum vendominte jiophreyudeyum kuttaaropitha kathukal vyaajamaanenn prakhyapikkappettu, ems. orupakshe fontevrodinte madaadhipathiyaaya jeane baptist dii borbante preranayodeyaanu peettar oof soumarinte kathu neekkam cheythath. fraansile henry naalaamante eee swaabhaavika makal robertinte beatificationaayi niraparadhiyaaya patthaam maarppaappaykk apekshichu, avarude abhyarthanaye englandile luis pathinalaman hentiyattayum pinthunachu. eee saahacharyathil, robertine orikkalum vishudhanaakkiyittil, pakshe addehathe vishudhanaakkukayum athinaal catholica sabha addehathe "anugrahikkappettavan" ennu aaraadhikkukayum roman rakthasaakshithvathinte nilavile pathippil rekhappeduthukayum cheiyunnu. ithinu amgeekaaram nalkiyittulla sthalangalil februvari 25nuu addeham aaghoshikkappedaam. 
fontevroad bharanathinte yadhaartha pinvalikkal nilavililla; brittaniyile ermengaardinulla addehathinte upadeshalekhanamaanu robertinte avasheshikkunna oreyoru ezhuthu.
paarambaryamaayi.
panthrandaam noottaandilum pathimoonnaam noottaandilum arbriselile roobert theerchayaayum konvent foundeshanukalude tharamgam thayyarakki. niravadhi kuleena sthreekal fontevroad abbeyil kanyaasthreekalaayi maarukayum anchevin raajakudumbathile niravadhi amgangale abbeyil samskarikkukayum cheiyunnu.
robarttinte jeevithavum oru sthree madaadhipathiykku vidheyanaayirunna oru sanyasi sabhayude aditharayum noottaandukalaayi charitrakaaranmaarum saamskaarika pandithanmaarum addehathinte jeevithathil aavarthichulla thaalparyam srishtichittundu. aadyakaala-feminist, mathaparamaya theevravaadi, sanyasi allengil lokakramam mattaanulla oru dauthyathile varggasamarangalude aadyakaala poraaliyaayi polum addehathe chithreekarichittundu.