peettar chaalmezhs michel

1903 muthal 1935 vare landanile suvological sosaittiyude sekrattariyaayirunna oru scotish suvolajistaayirunnu sarr peettar chaalmezhs michel (november 23,1864-juulai 2,1945). eee samayat addeham landanile suvological gaardansinte nayam nayikkukayum lokathile aadyathe ooppan suvological paarkk, isli whipsnade mrgashaala srishtikkukayum cheythu. 
aadyakaala jeevitam.
peettar chaalmezhs michel aayirunnu revinte makan. dunfermline, scotland, maariyon chaalmezhs ennividangalile presbetteriyan mantriyaaya alexander michel. michel abardin sarvakalashaalayil ninnu emm. eiii. nedi, ooksfoordile kraist charchilekku thamasam maari, avide addeham suvolajiyil prathyeka vaidagdhyam nediya prakrithishaasthrathinaayi vaayichu. vaayichu oonars pareekshayile vijayathin sesham addeham suvolajiyil yooniversitti demonstratoraayi niyamithanaayi.
1896-ll, "engleesh videshanayathekkurichulla oru jaiva veekshanam" enna thalakkettilulla "shaniyazhcha avalokanathil" oru lekhanathinte anjjaatha rachayithaavaayirunnu addeham, athu brittan germmaniyum thammilulla oru anthima yudhathinte anivaaryatha nirddeshichu, athil oraale nasippikkendivarum. (onnaam lokamahaayudhasamayathu thante rachayithaav amgeekaricha addeham 1939 meyy maasathil aaa lekhanathe "praavachanika" ennu visheshippichukondu aaa kaalathinu ezhuthiya kathil athinekkurichu "pashchaathapikkaathavan" ennu svayam prakhyaapichu). 
1916 eprilil, ippol oru sainika captanayirikke, shatru nirakalkk mukaliloode aakaashat ninnu irakkenda sainika prachaaranatthinte nirmmaanathinu melnottam vahikkunnathinaayi oru specialist department department (bii) 4 sthaapikkaanulla utharavaaditham addehathinundaayirunnu.
mrgashaala.
32 varshathe kaalavadhi undaayirunnittum, suvological sosaittiyude ettavum kooduthal kaalam sevanamanushticha sekrattariyaayirunnil michel. addehathinte mungamiyaaya philipp lutley sklettar 1860 muthal 1902 vare naalpat varshathilere adhikaarathilundaayirunnu. michellinte pingamiyaayi juuliyan huxley adhikaaramettu.
1931ll bedfordshire mankattakalkkidayilaanu michellinte budhishakthiyaaya whipsnade paarkk thurannathu. mrugangal koodukalekkaal valia chuttupaadukal ulkkollunna graamapradesangalile oru thuranna mrgashaalayaanu whipsnade. vividha samrakshana pravarthanangalil paarkk earppettirikkunnu.
1933ll britiish dveepukalile pakshikalekkurichulla padanatthinulla oru samghadanayaaya britiish trastt phoor oornithoolaji (bii. tii. oo) yude adithara paakunnathilekku nayicha appeelil ulppetta pathinonnu peril oraalaayirunnu addeham.
prabhashanangal.
1911-ll michel royal instittyoottil "mrugangalude baalyam" enna vishayathil chrismus prabhashanam nadatthi.
1915 februvariyil, 1896 leeii lekhanathil vikasippicha rajakeeya sthaapanathil parinaamavum videsanayavum enna vishayathil michel moonnu prabhashanangal nadatthi. iva samyojippichu 1915 meyy maasathil "parinaamavum yudhavum" enna pusthakatthinte roopathil prasidheekarichu.
maalaakha.
mrgashaalayil ninnu viramicha sesham, michel maalaagayilekk thamasam maari, spanish aabhyantharayudhathinte aadya aarumaasamo athiladhikamo kaalam avide thaamasichu, itaaliyan sainyam vimatharkk vendi nagaram pidichedukkunnathuvare. arther coastlerinoppam maalaagayile addehathinte avasana naalukalekkurichulla oru vivaranam, kostlarude "spanish udambadi" enna pusthakatthilum 1938 ll prasidheekaricha "michellinte swantham oormmakkurippilum" ulppeduthiyittundu.
raashtreeyam.
raashtreeyam samyojitha scotish sarvakalashaala upatheranjeduppil michel oru swatantra sthaanaarthiyaayi nilakonduvenkilum 13.5% vottukal nedi avasana sthaanam nedi.
maranam.
1945 juulai juulai 80-aamm vayassil lunden mrgashaalaykku purathu juun juun undaaya apakadatthil parikketta michel marichu. basil ninnu erangiya sesham oru taxicab addehathe idichu. oru juurii maranam aakasmikamaanennu vidhichu.
paarambaryamaayi.
thekke american puzhukkalkkulla oru inamaaya "amphisbane michelli" addehathinte bahumaanaartham namakaranam cheyyappettittund. sasthanikalude kudalinekkurichulla "enna innathe oru classic grandhatthil, sasthanikalude seekkam pakshikalude jodiyakkiya seekkayumaayi nerittu samaanamaanenn addeham theliyichu; athaayath, oru jody yadhaartha avasthayaanu.
prasidheekaranangal.
vivarthakanaayi.
koodaathe, henry sheren eph. isad. ezz. pole, chaalmezhs michel 1911 leeii encyclopedia britanikkayil "pii" enna aadyaksharathinu keezhil niravadhi sambhavanakal nalki.sii.emm.". sherente isadl charithrathe chaalmezhs michel vimarsichirunnuvenkilum athe vishayathekkurichulla addehathinte pravarthanatthinu joonn baasttin addehathe vimarshichu.

