craighead guhakal

sweet vaattarinum tennessiyile maadisanvilleykkum idayil sthithi cheiyunna oru vipulamaaya guha samvidaanamaanu crighead guhakal. amerikkayile ettavum valuthum lokathile randaamathe valia nanuvarggamallattha bhoogarbha thadaakamaaya nashtappetta kadal adangiyirikkunnathinaanu ithu ariyappedunnathu. thadaakathinu purame, guhakalil aanthodaittukal, staalaaktaittukal, staalaagmiteukal, vellachaattam enningane niravadhi kristtal klasttarukal adangiyirikkunnu.
charithram.
valia pukayulla parvathanirakalude thaazhvaarathu sthithi cheiyunna eee guhakalkku avarude muun udama, cheroki thaddesheeya amerikkakkaranaaya cheef crigheadinte peraanu nalkiyirikkunnath. cheroki thangalude kaunsilukalude yogasthalamaayi guhakal upayogichirunnu.
american aabhyantharayudhakaalathu, thokku nirmmaanathinu aavashyamaaya saadhanamaaya saaltpeettarinaayi konfedarettu sainikar eee guhakal khananam cheythu. pradhana guha thadaaka pradeshavum chandranile shellukalude olithaavalamaayum upayogichirunnu, prathyekichu nirodhana kaalaghattatthil.
1939-ll, paryavekshakar plistoseen jaagvarinte phoosil avashishtangal kandethi. guha gaidukalaaya jacq kaikkar, clarence hicks ennivaraayirunnu guhayil avadhikkaalathu paryavekshanam cheythirunnavar. avar thangalude kandethal doow. dablyu. jeey. camera dablyu. iii. madhurajalathinte maikkal, appol guhayude udamayaayirunnu.
udamakal ellukal newyork nagaratthile american museum oof naachural histarikk samarppichu, avide avaa valare valia jagwarinteyum elkku phoninteyum asthikalaayi thiricharinju. myoosiyathile kasherukkalkk jeevan nalkunna paaliyantolajistaaya jorjju geyu loard simpson pinneedu 1940 meyy maasathil crighead guhakal sandarshichu. sandarshana velayil addeham jaagvaarinte kooduthal asthikal kandethukayum guhayude cheli nilathu niravadhi jagwar kaalppaadukal kaast cheyyukayum cheythu. addehathinte khananavum kandethalukalum "american museum novittetsil" report cheythittundu, illa. 1131 (august 6,1941) pejukalil <aii. dii. 1>. reportil ellukaludeyum kaalppadukaludeyum photographukal ulppedunnu. simpson phosilukale valia "panthera oonga augusta" ennu paraamarshichu, akkaalat crighead guhakalil ninnulla avashishtangal upajaathikalil ettavum ariyappettirunnavayirnu.
1939 muthal 1940 vare guhayil oru koonn phaam pravarthippichirunnu. eee pravarthanatthinulla valam fort oglethorppil ninnaan vitharanam cheythath, avide niravadhi kuthirakal nilayurappichirunnu. charitraparamaaya praveshana kavaadatthil ninnu noorukanakkinu adii vadakkukizhakkaayi valia muriyilaanu koonn kidakkakal sthithicheythirunnathu. 1947ll guhayude ithe pradeshathu oru thadi nritha nila nirmmikkukayum "guhaavalam" ennariyappedunna oru naitklab avide pravarthippikkukayum cheythu.
1974ll deseeya prakrithidatha landmarkkukalude deseeya paarkk sevana pattikayil crighead guhakal chertthu.
nashtappetta kadal.
1905ll benn sands enna pathimoonnu vayassulla aankuttiyaanu eee thadaakam kandethiyathu. addeham palappozhum guhayil kalikkaarundennum oru cheria dwaarathil sambhavikkumbol athiloode izhayukayum cheythuvennum parayappedunnu. murii valare valuthayirunnathinaal thante vilakku kondu sthalathinte attangal kaanaan kazhiyaathathinal addeham ellah dishakalilekkum cheli panthukal eriyukayum splashukal kelkkukayum cheythu. addeham veettilekku madangukayum thante kandethalinekkurichu aalukalodu parayukayum cheythappol, avane vishwasikkaan avar madichu. kooduthal paryavekshanam nadatthaan thannodoppam thaazhekku pookaan benn pithaavine bodhyappeduthumbozhekkum, jalanirapp uyarnnu, guhayude praveshana kavaadam avaril ninnu marachuvechu. niravadhi varshangalkk sesham praadeshika paryavekshakar ithu veendum kandethi.
thadaakatthinte drishyamaaya uparithalam saadhaarana "poornna" seshiyil neelavum veethiyum () alakkunnu. guhayude attathu ethaathe poornnamaayum vellam niranja niravadhi murikal guha mungal vidagdhar paryavekshanam cheythittundu. cheythittundu eee paryavekshanam nadathiyathu.
varshangalolam nashtappetta kadal lokathile ettavum valia bhoogarbha thadaakamaayi kanakkaakkappettirunnu; ithu amerikkayile ettavum valuthum ippozhum lokathile randaamathe valia, upa-glacial allatha bhoogarbha thadaakamaayi amgeekarikkappettathumaanu, nameebiyayile dragons breath guhayk sesham.
thadaakathinte vaanijya boat toorukal ippozhum nalkappedunnu, niravadhi aalukalkk ithu guha paryadanatthinte pradhana aakarshanamaan. kadutha varalchayude samayat (2007-08 polullava) thadaakam ganyamaayi kurayunnu. boat toorukal thudarunnathinu touur maanejmentinu nadathavazhiyum boat dock vipuleekarikkendivannu. varalchayude uchathil, thadaakatthile jalanirapp saadhaarana nilayekkaal 28 adii thaazheyaayenn nashtappetta kadalinte maanejment paranju. atharam samayangalil thadaakatthinte uparithalathinu mukalil valare valia oru guha sandarshakar kaanunnu.
cbsinte "america vandezhs" parambarayil kadal pradharshippichirunnu.

