
thomas mapfumo

simbabweyile simham", "mukanya" (shona bhashayil addehathinte vamshathinte prashamsaapatram) ennee vilipperukalulla oru samgeethajnjanaanu thomas tafirenica mapfumo (jananam juulai 3,1945), addehathinte aparamaaya janapreethikkum samgeethathiloode addeham cheluthunna rashtreeya swaadheenathinum, muun simbabwe president roobert mugabeyude sarkkaarine addeham rookshamaayi vimarsichathinum. addeham janapriyamaaya chimurenga samgeetham srishtikkukayum nirmmikkukayum cheythu, addehathinte mandagathiyilulla sailiyum vyathirikthamaya shabdavum simbabwekalkku thalkshanam thirichariyaan kazhiyum.
rodeshyayile vella aadipathyamulla bharanathin keezhil mapfumo kuttangalonnumillathe jayililadaykkappedukayum athinte pingamiyaaya simbabweyile mugabe sarkkar addehathe vettayaadukayum cheythu. rund pathittaandolam amerikkayil pravaasatthil kazhinja addeham 2005nuu sesham aadyamaayi simbabweilek oru kacheri nadatthaan madangi.
jeevacharitram.
simbabweyude thalasthaanamaaya harareyude thekkukizhakkan pattanamaya mashonaland eesttile maronderayil 1945-ll mapfumo janichu, aaa samayat thalasthaanathe salisbury ennum raajyam thekkan rodeshya ennu vilikkunna grettu brittante oru kolaniyaayirunnuvenkilum (vadakkan rodeshya sambiyayaayi swaathanthryam nediyathinushesham saadhaarana upayogathil rodeshyayaayi maari). pathuvayassuvare addeham parambaraagathavum grameenavumaaya shona jeevitashaili nayichu, appol addehathinte kudumbam mbereyile haare tounshippilekku maari. eee aadya varshangalilaan addeham shonayude parambaraagatha samgeethavumaayi parichayappedunnathu, athinte swaadheenam addehathinte pilkkala samgeethathe engoma drumminteyum athmeeya praadhaanyamulla loha-konulla upakaranamaya mbirayudeyum shabdangal ulppeduthaanum/allengil prathifalippikkaanum preripikkum.
aadyakaala currier.
16-aamm vayassil oru gayakanaayi addeham thante aadya baandaaya suttu sahodaranmaaril chernnu ("encyclopedia britanica" parayunnu). athinusesham addeham ellaayppozhum oru bandilo mattoo aayirunnu, athaayath afro jaas samgeethajnjanaaya olivar mtukudsi, gitaarist jaims chimombe ennivarodoppam vaagan veelukal, chilappol kozhi valarthal ulppede vashath vichitramaaya jolikal cheiyunnu. athinaal addehathinte 1972 leeii baandaaya hallelujah chikkan rann baandinte peru.
hallelujah chikkan rann bandle cherunnathuvare addeham kooduthalum american roock aandu soul tuneukalaaya oottis redding allengil elvis presley ennivayude kavarukal vaayikkunnu. avide addeham parambaraagatha shona samgeethathe aadhunika roock upakaranangalumayi poruthappeduthunnathinu naveekaranam avatharippichu.
parambaraagatha shona samgeethathinte pradhana upakaranamaya mbirayude shabdangal electric gitaarilekku transcribe cheiyunnathinaayi addeham gitaarist joshuva dubinoppam (pullipuliyude "aphrica music guide" joona sithol parayunnu) pravarthichu. addeham pradhaanamaayum engleeshinekkaal shona bhaashayilaan paadaan thudangiyathu. 1974ll record cheytha take vann gittaaril joshuva dube embira pareekshikkaan thudangi. 
rashtreeya adivarayidalukal.
praadeshika sangeetha paarambaryatthe pinthudarnnu addehathinte maathrubhaashayil paadunnathu oru rashtreeya prasthaavanayaayirunnu. thaddesheeya karuthavargakkaareyum samskaaratheyum avahelikkunna nyoonapaksha vellakkaaraan rodeshya bharichirunnathu. ennaal athilupariyaayi, rodatian sarkkar "vargeeya bhoomi" ennu vilicha graamapradesangalil vikasichukondirunna viplavathe pinthunachukondu addehathinte varikal parasyamaayi raashtreeyamaayi maari. addeham thante puthiya sangeethashailiye chimurenga ennu vilichu. 1896leeii aadyathe karuthavargakkaarude kalaapakaarikalil oralaaya murengayil ninnaan ithu uruthirinjathu. pathonpathaam noottaandinte avasaanathile vimochana yudhangaludeyum 1960 muthal 1979 leeii laankaastar house karar vareyulla bush yudhangaludeyum peraanith. "ammamar, ningalude makkale yudhathilekku ayaykkuka" polulla varikalkoppam sarkkaarine akramaasakthamaayi attimarikkaan addehathinte ganangal parasyamaayi ahvaanam cheythu."
raashtreeyamaaya bhaavangal.
maapphumoyude samgeetham addehathinte "hocoyo!" enna gaanatthiloode rodatian sarkkaarinte shradha pidichupatti."," ennaal "shradhikkuka!"sarkkar niyantritha radioyil ninnulla record sarkkar nirodhikkukayum 1979ll kuttaaropanamillathe addehathe oru jayil campilekku eriyukayum cheythu. discokalilo mosaambikkinte shabdam ulppede thangal niyanthrikkaattha radio steshanukalilo addehathinte recordukal play cheiyunnathu thadayaan avarkk kazhinjilla. addehathinte arasttilum addehathinethiraaya kuttangal kandethanulla kazhivillaaymayilum prathishedhikkunna valia prakadanangal addehathe moonnu maasathinu sesham mochippikkaan sarkkaarine nirbandhithanaakki.
1980ll swatantra thiranjeduppu nadakkukayum puthiya sarkkar roopeekarikkappedukayum cheythu. bob marley ulppetta oru aaghosha kacheriyil mapfumo avatharippichu. pilkkala varshangalil, adhikaarathil varaan thaan sahaayicha athe sarkkaarine chila vidhangalil vimarsikkaan addeham varum.
lokamembaadumulla prii-syndicated radio prograam aphropop 1988 avasaanathilum 1989 nte thudakkathilum thomas mapfumoyil oru feature nadatthi. hoost georges kolinettu mapfumoye, dauntaun haareyile oru niyama offeesil jolie cheythirunna bhaaryaykkum rund kuttikalkkum-oru aankuttikkum oru penkuttikkum oppam kuranja saandrathayulla praanthapradeshangalil thaamasichirunnathaayi vivarikkunnu. koodaathe kalla pullipuli-charmma seett kavarukalulla oru neela foord addeham oodichu.
addehathinte mikka gaanangalum ippozhum raashtreeyamaayirunnu, daaridryavum mattu saamoohika prashnangalum kaikaaryam cheiyunnu. thaan orupaad pranayaganangal paadunnilla enna vasthuthayekkurichu mapfumo abhipraayappedunnu "ningalkk kidappumuriyil praveshikkanamenkil ningalkk aavasyamullathu ellaam... ningalkk oru bhaaryayund. ningal athu cheyyuka. ningal athinekkurichu oru paatt paadanamennilla."mapfumoic thanikk ishtamullathu onnum paadaan kazhiyillennum kolinettu nireekshikkunnu" "vyakthamaayi addehathinu 'president mugabeyumaayi' paadaan kazhiyilla-pakshe addeham agrahikkunnilla". addeham ippozhathe sarkkaarine pinthunaykkunnu."ennirunnaalum, athu taamasiyaathe maarum.
deerghakaala enchineeyar bennie miller harerile shhed studiyoyil record cheytha mapfumo 1989ll "azhimathi" enna aalbam puratthirakki. ithu mugabe addehathinte sarkkarineyum vimarshichu, ithu mapfumoye kooduthal kooduthal niraashappedutthi. mugabe mapfumoyil santhushtaraayirunnilla, mapfumo sarkkar peedanatthinte lakshyamaayi maari. mapfumo moshticha kaar mothirathil ulppettathayi aaropikkapettu. 1990 kalude avasaanathil mapfumo origonile yoojeenilekk mariyathinaal karyangal aswasthamaayi. 2017ll mugabe attimaricha sesham, 2018 epril 28nuu harareyile glamis arenayil 'homecoming bira' enna peril oru valia shoikkaayi addeham simbabweilek madangi. mapfumo rashtreeya apakadatthinu purathaanennu homecoming shhow theliyichu, 2018 desemberinum 2019 maarchinum idayil simbabweyude pala bhagangalilum kooduthal shokalkkayi addeham madangi. simbabweyile naalu maasathe sandarshanathinu sesham addeham thante yunaittad stetts thaavalatthilekku madangi. 
thomas mapfumo anthaaraashtra paryadanangal nadathukayum ippozhum simbabweyude prashnangalekkurichu paadukayum samsaarikkukayum cheiyunnu. addehathinte chimurenga sangeetha shaili bhundu boys, stella chiveshe ennivayulppede mattu simbabwe samgeethajnjare swaadheenichu.