seversky pii-35

1930 kalude avasaanathil seversky aircraft kambani nirmmicha oru american yudhavimaanamaanu seversky pii-35. hocker chuzhalikkattinteyum messersmit bf bf samakalikamaaya pii-35, yunaittad stetts armi eyar corpsile aadyathe single-seett faittar aayirunnu, athil ellah loha nirmmanavum pinvalikkaavunna landing gear oru adacha kokkpittum undaayirunnu.
roopakalppanayum vikasanavum.
severskyude cheef designer severskyude aadya vimanavumaaya alexander cartwelly roopakalppana cheytha seversky sev-3 moonnu seettukalulla ubhayajeevikalil ninnaan pii-35-nte uthbhavam kandethunnathu. sev-3 aadyamaayi 1933 juunil parannuyarnnu, seversky bii. tii-8 adisthaana parisheelakanaayi vikasippichu, athil 30 ennam 1935 ll yunaittad stetts armi eyar corps (usac) oordar cheythu. ithu valare kuranja shakthiyaanenn theliyikkukayum athivegam vadakke american bii. tii-9 pakaram vaykkukayum cheythu.
randaamathe prototype sev-3 rund seettukalulla faittar derivative aaya aathmavishwaasathode aayi poortthiyaakki. 735 echpi (548 kilowatt) raitt aarr-1820 radial enchinaanu ithinu karuth pakarunnath, aerodynamic spaattukalil sthira landing gear undaayirunnu, koodaathe oru. 50 inch (12.7 millimeter), oru. 30 inch (7.62 millimeter) forwade firing mesheen gannukalum pinn prathirodhatthinaayi oru adhika. 30 inch (7.62 millimeter) thokkum undaayirunnu.
1935ll usac oru puthiya single seett faittarinaayi oru malsaram prakhyaapichappol, seversky rund seettar aanenkilum vijayikkumennu aathmavishwaasathode aathmavishwaasathode ayachu. ennirunnaalum, 1935 juun 18 nuu raitt feeldile fly-oof lekkulla yaathraykkide vimaanathin kedupaadukal sambhavichu. curtis model 75, pinvalikkaavunna andarkarej ulla orotta seett vimanavumaayi malsarikkunnathinu, seversky vimaanathe single seett prototype aayi punarnirmmichu, punarnirmmichu fixed landing gearinu pakaram pinvalikkaavunna andarkarej upayogichu mainveelukal chirakilekku pinvalikkukayum pinvalikkukayum 3 nuu pakaram 850 echpi (634 kilowatt) aarr-320-jii 5 umm upayogikkukayum cheythu. septambar 15 nuu prototype moolyanirnnayathinaayi raitt feeldil athichu, ithu pothuve vijayakaramaayirunnu, ennirunnaalum chuzhalikkaatt athinte rettucheytha shakti nalkunnathil parajayappettu, seversky pravachicha 300 mile (483 kilometer/manikkoor) nuu pakaram prototype 289 mile (465 kilometer/manikkoor) maathrame athiyulloo.
curtisil ninnulla prathishedhangal poraalikal thammilulla aupachaarika parakkal 1936 epril vare vaikippikkaan kaaranamaayi. vaikunnath seversky curtis avarude vimanam mechappeduthunnathinna upayogichu, athesamayam vottil ninnu adhika poraalikale anuvadikkukayum (vottu vii-141) pibi-2 nte orotta seett pathipp upayogichu ekeekarikkukayum cheythu. prototype veendum enchin cheythu, rund varii praatt & vitni aarr-1830-9 "eratta kuppi" chuzhalikkaattin pakaram, parishkaricha lamba stabilizer gadippichu sev-7 aayi maari.
pii & dablyu athinte rettucheytha power nalkunnathil parajayappettu, topp speed veendum manikkooril 300 mylil thaazheyaayirunnu. curtis, vottu designukalekkaal chelaveriyathaanenkilum, seversky eyar corpsinte malsarathil vyakthamaaya vijayiyaayirunnu, 1936 juun 16 nuu 77 pii-35 faittarukalkkum ettu vimaanagalkk thulyamaaya spare parttukalkkum $1,636,250 chelavil oordar nalki. prototype muthal production pii-35 staanderdilekkulla parishkkaranangalil poornnamaaya mainweel fairingukalkku pakaram bhaagikavum outtar wing paanalukalilekku ezhu digri diheadral ulppedunnu.
aadyathe ulppaadana pii-35 1937 meyy maasathil americaykku kaimari, oru kambaniyude udamasthathayilulla pree-production vimaanavum demonstraterum, epi-1.76 pii-35 kall maathrame nirmmichittulloo, delivari 1938 augustil poortthiyaayi, 77-aamath vimanam prototype expi-41 aayi poortthiyaayi. 1937 ll kooduthal yudhavimaanangal aavashyamullappol, pii-35 nte mandagathiyilulla vitharanathilum japanese naavikasenaykku parinamicha rund seettukalulla vimaanangalude vilppanayilum athrupthi prakadippicha eyar corps 210 curtis pii-36 kalkk oordar nalki.
1937-ll, naavikasenayude bipelane yudhavimaanangalkku pakaram oru loha monoplane roopakalppana cheiyunnathinulla malsarathinaayi naavika upakaranangalulla pii-35 american naavikasenaykku vitharanam cheythu. saadhaarana naavika parisheelanathinu vipareethamaayi, single testt aircraft sivil rajistreshanu keezhil keezhil aayi pravarthippikkukayum aupachaarika naavika seeriyal nambaro type padaviyo nalkaathirikkukayum pakaram "neval faittar vann" enna kambaniyude padaviyaaya enf-1 aayi pravarthippikkukayum cheythu. prototype broosttar malsarichuvenkilum, grummen grummen ennivayodu malsarichuvenkilum malsarichuvenkilum uthppaadanathinu oordar nalkiyathiloode thripthikaramallennu kandethi. chila srothassukal anusarichu, 1922 leeii yunaittad stetts nevi aircraft designation systethinu keezhil severskyk efn tharam padavi nalkiyittundenkilum mattullavar ithu thettaanenn avakaashappedunnu.
vyomasenaykkum sivil, kayattumathi upabhokthakkalkkum kooduthal vimanangal vilkkamenna pratheekshayode seversky roopakalppana vikasippikkunnath thudarnnu. ithu prototype prototype orotta seett resaraayi parishkarichu, ezz-1 1937 leeii bendix trophyilekku praveshichu, avide naalam sthaanathethi. phul peyint kambaniyude frank fullarinaayi nirmmicha samanamaaya vimanamaaya ezz-2 (rajistreshan nambar enr 70 vaii) aanu malsarathil vijayichathu. ezz-2 1939ll bendix trophy nedukayum 1938ll randaam sthaanathethukayum cheythu. 1938ll purathirangiya testt pailat enna chithratthil "drake bullatt" chithreekarikkaan eee vimanam upayogichu.
shell oayil kambani akkaalat upayogichirunna jaims doolittil single seettaraaya ds (allengil doolittil special) aayirunnu mattoru sivil vimanam, athesamayam epi-7 mattoru resaraayirunnu, 1,200 echpi (895 kilowatt) aarr-1830 enchin upayogichu pravarthippikkukayum 1938 leeii bendix trophy rays vijayikkanum vanita eyar speed record sthaapikkaanum jackvillin cochran upayogikkukayum cheythu. 1938ll eyar corpsinaayi oru puthiya yudhavimaanathinaayulla malsarathil pii-35 adisthaanamaakkiyulla rund vimaanangalil seversky praveshichu. onnu expi-41 (kambani naamamaya cheytha, ithu 1,200 echpi (895 kilowatt) aarr-1830-9 enchinulla pii-35 aayirunnu, rund ghatta supercharger gadippichirikkunnu), epi-4, aazhathilulla fuselageinte vayattil gadippichirikkunna turbo-supercharger. pii-43 lanceraayi nirmmikkaan oordar cheytha cheytha aanu eyar corps thiranjedutthathu.
vilppana vardhippikkukayaanu alexander pii. 1939-nte thudakkathil dii seversky oru pradarshakane europe paryadanatthinu nerittu kondupoyi. eee prakadanatthinte falamaayi, 1939 juun 29-nuu sweeden 15 ipi-106 poraalikalkku oordar nalki, 1,050 echpi (783 kilowatt) aarr-1830-45 upayogichu pravartthikkunna pii-35-nte vikasanam, ithu prakadanam 25 mile (40 kilometer/manikkoor) mechappeduthi, kaulil rund 7.9 emm (. 311 inch) mesheen gannukalum chirakukalil rund 13.2 emm (. 52 inch) mesheen gannukalum aayudhamaakki. 45 iii. pii-106-kalkkulla randaamathe oordar 1939 october 11 nuu nalkappettu, 60 vimanangalkkulla moonnaamathe oordar 1940 januvari 6 nuu nalki, eee samayamaayappozhekkum seversky director board addehathinte peru vahikkunna kambaniyil ninnu puratthaakkiyenkilum kambani svayam republic eviyeshan ennu punarnaamakaranam cheythu. sweedish vyomasena avare jeey 9 ennu namakaranam cheythu.
rund seettukalulla pathippukal.
seversky parinamicha enna rund seettar kettidavum nirmmichu. pii-35 nuu samaantharamaayi parinamicha parinamicha adisthaanaparamaayi samanamaaya airframeulla rund seettukalulla faittarum faittar bombarumaayirunnu, koodaathe allengil (land) pole single seettarinu samanamaaya andarkarej allengil allengil (amphibian) pole oru ubhayachara float andarkarej vaagdaanam cheiyunnu. nirmmaathaav "konvoy faittar" ennu vilikkunna vilikkunna karuth pakarunnath raitt raitt allengil allengil saiklon onpathu silindar radial enchinaanu, aadyathethu take oof cheiyunnathinu 1,000 echpi rettucheythathum randaamathethu 875 echpi rettucheythathumaanu. rund wing-moundu cheytha 7.62 emm allengil 12.7 emm browning thokkukal, pinn kokkpittile flexible moundil oru 7.62 emm browning, koodaathe rund forwade-firing fuselage-moundu cheytha 7.62 emm allengil 12.7 emm browning thokkukal enniva ulppedunnu. aantharika wing raakkukalil 227 kilogram (500 poundu) vare bomb looad cheyyaan vyavastha cheythirunnu. 1938 maarchil soviyatt union union parinamichaelum vaangi, onnu parambaraagatha landing gear onnu floatukalum ulppaadana licencinoppam, ennaal soviyattukal orikkalum athu ulppaadippichathaayi thonnunnilla. severskyude janapreethiyillaatha neekkamaayi theliyikkapetta 20 parinamicha-baabaി3കll japanese naavikasenaykku vittu, avaa randaam saino-japanese yudhathil navikasena tharam rund seettukalulla yudhavimaanamaayi allengil allengil (anubandha coode namam "dick") aayi hrasvamaayi upayogichu. japanese vimaanathil mathippulavaakkathe oduvil avaril randupere asahi shimbun pathratthilekku "hackukal" ennu tharamthaazhtthi."sweeden 52 52 (sweedish padavi bii 6) oordar cheythu, 1,350 poundu (612 kilogram) bombukal vahikkaan kazhinju, ennaal yuu. esinu munbu rund ennam maathrame labhichulloo.ezz. poraalikalkku uparodham earppeduthi. bakkiyulla 50 ennam american aikyanaadukal viniyogikkukayum 0.3 inch, 0.50 mesheen gannukal upayogichu veendum aayudangal upayogikkukayum 12 gardsmanayi perulla noothana pariseelakar aayi upayogikkukayum cheythu.
pravartthana charithram.
yunaittad stetts armi eyar corps.
aadyathe anchu mishiganile selfriedge feeldil nilayurappichirikkunna aadya pinthudaral groupinu (27,71,94 ps) kaimari. bharam kuraykkaan vimanam oru nananja chirak upayogikkukayum nilathuninnulla udyogastharkku thudarchayaaya indhana chorchayekkurichu pettennu ariyukayum cheythu. pii-35-nte prakadanam samakaalika nilavaaratthil polum moshamaayirunnu, usac eviyettarmaar vimaanathinte parukkan swabhaavathe abhinandichenkilum, 1938-ll delivarikal poortthiyaakumbozhekkum athu kaalaharanapettu.
1940 juun juun yunaittad kingdom ozhikeyulla mattethoru raajyathilekkum aayudangal kayattumathi cheiyunnathinethire america uparodham prakhyaapichu. shubhaapthivishvaasathode, republic 1940 october 24-leeii utharavanusarichu 60 ennam schwadroninte aayi ussinte kaivashappedutthiya eiii. pii-106-kalude nirmmaanam thudarnnu. propelleriloode vediyuthirtha 0.50 mesheen gannukalulla oru jodi upayogichu vimanam american nilavaarathinu veendum aayudhamaakkiyenkilum oro chirakilum gadippichirikkunna 030 mesheen ganninte sweedish savisheshatha nilanirtthi. parakkal upakaranangal metrik aayirunnu, avayude labeling, flaitt manuvalukal enniva sweedish bhashayil ezhuthiyirunnu. ithil moonnu vimanangal mekkaniksinulla prabodhana airframeukalaayi amerikkayil sookshichirunnu. aarr anchu ecavadorinu kaimari, aadyathe combatt unitaaya "esquadrilla dii kaasa" roopeekarichu.
phillippeans armi eyar corps.
baakkiyullavare 1941 februvari muthal philippeensile vidoora kizhakkan vyomasenayilekku ayachu. oduvil lusonile moonnu pinthudaral schwadronukalile ellah pailattumaarum pii-26 ll ninnu schwadroninteyilek maari. avaril 10 perkku apakadangalil nashtappettu. vidoora kizhakkan vyomasenayil. 50 caliber vedikkoppukalude gurutharamaaya kuravu kaaranam anchu praadhamikamaayi moonnu schwadronukalum gunnery trainermarayi upayogichirunnu, ithu ellah vimaanangaludeyum enchinukalil sammarddam cheluthukayum pakaram vaykkunna enchinukal labhyamallathathinaal. 1941 octoberil, mathiyaya curtis pii-40 warhockukal feefinu labhichathinethudarnnu philippain armi eyar corpsylake maattunnathinaayi anchu neekkivachu.
1941 novemberil, 3,17 pii. esinu puthiya puthiya vimanangal labhichathinushesham, avarude avarude bhooribhaagavum groupil puthuthayi ethiya 21,34 pii. esukalkku kaimari, randaamathethu ettavum kooduthal sweekarichu. 21-aamm ps yudhathinte thalennu athinte athinte sweekarikkukayum athinte kurachu anchu 34-aamm pinthudaral schwadronilekku maattukayum cheythu, athinu pinneedu eathaandu oru poornna schwadron undaayirunnu. 1941 desemberil dell carmen airfieldil dveepukalude nishfalamaaya prathirodhatthinaayi avar avarumaayi poraadi. jappan poraalikal avare niraashayode pinthirippichu. kavachathinteyum svayam sealing indhana taankukaludeyum abhavam vimaanathe angeyattam durbalamakki (desember 10 nuu dell carmen airfieldil nadanna japanese straffing aakramanathil 12 pii-35 eiii. ezz. nasippikkappedukayum aarr perkku kedupaadukal sambhavikkukayum cheythu), 1941 desember 12 aayappozhekkum ettu pii-35 eiii. ezz. eiii. ezz. eiii maathram parakkunna avasthayilaayirunnu. ennirunnaalum, 1941 desember 10-nuu, 34-aamath pinthudaral schwadroninte schwadroninte onnaam lefttanant pailat cheythu. saamuval echu. vadakkan lusonile vigan adhiniveshathil japanese minesweeper dablyu-10 mungiyathinte bahumati maarattinund. kappal pottitherikkunnathuvar "dablyu-10" nuu ethire maaratt onniladhikam straffing runs nadatthi. spodanam valare shakthamaayirunnu, athu maarattinte pii-35-nte oru chirak keeri, athu kadalil idikkaan kaaranamaayi.
1941 desember avasaanathode philippainsile sainika vyomasenayude sheshikkunna bhooribhaagam shakthiyeyum battaan upadveepile vyomamekhalayilekku maattippaarppichu. 1942 januvari 2 nuu, athijeevicha anchu anchu pilar feeldil ninnu battaan airfieldilekku parakkaan shramichuvenkilum randennam vimana virudha theepidutthatthil thakarnnu, onnu thakarukayum randaamathethu landinginide thakarnnupoya pilarilekku madangukayum cheythu. januvari 11 nuu, sheshikkunna rund pii-35 vimaanangale avarude bagej compartmentukalil niravadhi yoonit udyogasthare vahichukondu mindaanaavoyile dell monde airfieldilekku maatti. epril 4 nuu, mattu udyogasthare ozhippikkunnathinaayi avar battaanilekku hrasvamaayi madangi, epril 10 nuu sebuvil crash landingle oraal nashtappettu. avasheshikkunna eaka pii-35 captanu kaimari. paakkinte raamon sosa epril 30 nuu dell monde airfieldil ninnu avasaanamaayi parannu, 1942 meyy 3 nuu makajalar ulkkadalil japanese landingukalude strifing aakramanathil pii-40-noppam.
sweeden.
1940 leeii vasanthakala-venalkkaalath sweedish vyomasenaykku 60 jeey 9 vimanangal labhichu. kaalaharanapetta glosttar gladiatorukalkku pakaram stockholm samrakshikkunna swiya airfozhs wing (eph 8) nuu niyogichittulla mattu unitukalkkoppam vimanam pravarthippichu. 1946 vare flygwapnettil oru yudhavimaanamaayi sweedish jeey jeey sevanamanushtichu. pinneedu, 10 vimaanangalil camerakal sajjeekarichirunnuvenkum avayude jeey 9 yudhavimaana padavi nilanirtthi, koodaathe, mattu niravadhi vimanangal licensinum pothu parakkal parisheelanathinum upayogichu. avasaanathe ezhu jeey 9 vimanangal 1952 septambar vare sevanathil thudarnnu.

