
ashinas

abu jaa 'pharr ashinas (; maranam 17 allengil 19 desember 844) abbazid khaleefa alle-muthaasiminte oru janaralaayirunnu. alle-muu 'thaasiminte turkey kaavalkkaarante aadyakaala pramukha amgangalil oralaaya addeham alle-muu' thaasiminte keezhil saamraajyathile pramukha vyakthikalil oralaayi uyarnnu, amorium prachaaranatthil oru kamaandaraayi sevanamanushtikkukayum thudarnnulla pazhaya abbazid varenyavargathe shudheekarikkunnathil pradhana punk vahikkukayum cheythu. 834 muthal eejipthinteyum 838 muthal levent, upper mesopotamia ennivayude gavarnaraayirunnu addeham, ennirunnaalum praayogikamaayi addehathinu pakaram bharikkan addeham prathinidhikale niyamichu. alle-muu 'thaasiminte pingamiyaaya alle-vathikhinte keezhil, addehathinte adikaarangal khaleefayude ellah padinjaaran pravishyakalilum oru vertual vaisroythiyaayi kooduthal vyapippichu.
uthbhavavum aadyakaala currier.
alle-yakviyudeyum alle-tabariyudeyum vivaranagal anusarichu, bhaaviyile alle-muthasimaaya abu ishaq, thante turkish kaavalkkaranaaya ithaakh alle-khasaari, wassif, sima alle-dimaashkhi ennivarkkaayi vangiya aadyathe adimakalil oraalaayirunnu ashinas. madhya eshyayil adimakale vaangunna pilkkala sanbradaayathil ninnu vyathyasthamayi, eee nalupereyum, perillaattha mattu aadyakaala gaardukaleyum baghdadil ninnu vaangi; ashinaasinte yadhaartha udama alle-yakbi nueem ibn khaasim abii haaroon ibn nueem ennaanu nalkiyirikkunnath.
ashinasinu engane thante peru labhichu ennathinekkurichulla oru saangalppika katha alle-tabari paraamarsikkunnu. 819ll abu ishaq chila khaarijaitt vimatharkkethire ayacha oru senaykk neethrthwam nalki. eee prachaaranatthinide, turkish "gillman" oraal oru khaarijaitt lancerinum bhaavi khaleefaykkum idayil svayam nilkkukayum "enne thirichariyoo!" ennu nilavilikkukayum cheythu."(pershyan bhashayil" "ashinas maa-raara" ")". thante nandi prakadippikkunnathinaayi, athe divasam thanne abu ishaq eee manushyan "ashinas" enna peru nalki. sii. iii. bosworth eee perinte pershyan uthbhavam nirddeshikkunnu, mattu iranian janathayil ithu saakshyappeduthunnu, koodaathe bhaashaashaasthranjanaaya ferdinand justy "-shinaz", "ariyunna, ariyunna" enna verukalil ninnu uthbhavikkanulla nirddesham udharikkunnu. maruvashathu, sinologist edoward chavanes turkish charitrakaaranum goktarkkukalude ashina gothrathil ninnu oru uthbhavam nirddeshichu, athesamayam christopher eee bandham nirasikkunnu.
aashinaasinte kudumbavum avyakthamaanu; addehathinte rakshaadhikaariyaaya "abu jaa 'faril" ninnu addehathinu jaa' pharr enna peril oru makanenkilum undaayirunnu, pakshe addeham anjjaathanaanu. alle-tabari, aabhyantharayudhasamayathu sainyathe nayicha oru moosa ibnu ashinaasine soochippikkunnu.
alle-muu 'thasaminte keezhil currier.
alle-muthaasiminte bharanakaalathu (833-842), ashinas itaakh, alle-afsheen ennivarodoppam, usrushana rajakumaran khaleefayile ettavum pramukha vyakthikalil oraalaayirunnu. 834ll thanne eejipthinte govarnoraayi addehathe niyamichirunnu, adhikaaramelkkunnathinu munbu alle-muu 'tasim vahichirunna oru sthaanam. thante audyogikajeevithathinte pilkkaalatthe mattu pravishya gavarnarettukaleppole, ashinas nerittu bharichilla, marichu iraakhil thudarumbol deputy gavarnarmaare niyamichu. eejiptil naamamaatra gavarnaraayirunna 11 varshathinidayil, ashinas thante sthaanathu bharikkan naalu prathinidhikale niyamichu.
836ll alle-muthasim thante puthiya thalasthaanavum vasathiyumaayi samara sthaapichappol, ashinasinum mattu thurkkikalkkum puthiya nagaratthinte padinjaaru bhaagath alle-karkh ennariyappedunna vihitam labhichu. avide ashinus svanthamaayi kottaram (dhaar ashinus) nirmmichu. addehathinte neethrthwathil niravadhi udyogastharum ("kwad") avarude swantham anuyaayikalum undayirunnathaayi rekhappeduthiyittundu. 838leeii amorium prachaaranakaalathu addeham sainyathinte munnira nayikkukayum nagaram uparodhikkunna samayat cheef commandermaaril oraalaayirunnu.
ashinakaleyum mattu tarkkukaleyum polulla manushyarude uyarcha parambaraagatha abbazid varenyavargavumaayi chernnu, avar adimathathil ninnu uthbhavicha eee paarvinasin anukoolamaayi avarude shakti kurayunnathu kandu. avarude dukhakaravum vimathavumaya maanasikavastha alle-tabariyile oru kathayiloode ariyikkunnu, ashinaasinte rund leftanantumaaraaya amar alle-farghaani, ahamed ibnu alle-khaleel ibnu hisham ennivar, uparodhathinide aashinaasinte thaazhmayekkurichu, "oru veshyayude makanaaya eee adima", avarkk keezhil sevikkunnathinekkaal baisaantainukalilekk koorumarananu avar eshtappedunnathu. alle-muu 'tasimine attimarikkaanum alle-mamunte makan alle-abbasinu pakaram addehathinte anantharavan sthaanamozhiyaanumulla goodaalochanayil amar ahamed amgangalaayi. avarude perumaattatthil samshayam thonniya ashinas avare veettuthadankalilaakki. aswasthathakal undaayal thante koodaaratthinullil thaamasikkanamenn addeham munnariyipp nalkia aamrinte yuvabhrithyanmaaril oraal pinneedu khaleefayude aduthekku pookukayum udan thanne goodaalochana kandethukayum cheythu. saha thurkkikalaaya itaakh, mootha bugha ennivarodoppam goodaalochanakkaare kandethunnathinum arast cheiyunnathinum ashinas neethrthwam nalki. athuvare abbaasidukale sevichirunna parambaraagatha sthaapanathinte oru pradhana shudheekaranathilekku ithu nayichu alle-abbasinoppam mattu 70 ladhikam commandermar vadikkappettu.
thurkkikalkk eee kaaryatthil ninnu labham labhichu, ettavum pradhanamaayi, athinte prameyathil addeham vahicha pradhana punk ashinasinu nandi. amorium prachaaranatthil ninnu madangiyethiya sesham, ashinasinu ithinakam niyanthrichirunna eejipt pravisyakalaaya syriayudeyum jaseerayudeyum mail oru suuppar govarnarettinte niyanthranam nalki. addeham samarayil thudarukayum thante peril resident gavarnarmaare niyamikkukayum cheythathinaal, praayogikamaayi paranjaal ithu ashinakalkk eee pravishyakalude varumaanathil niyanthranam undaayirunnuvennaan ardhamaakkunnathu. ennirunnaalum, hoog enn. ennirunnaalum, eee neekkam "adhikaarathinte kooduthal kendreekaranatthe prathinidheekarikkunnu, kaaranam pravisyakalil adobharanam nadathunnavar apoorvvamaayi maathrame kodathiyil hajarakunnullu, rashtreeya theerumaanangal edukkunnathil cheria punk maathrame vahichittulloo". 839ll khaleefa nerittu pankeduttha adambara chadangil addehathinte makal utranja alle-afshinte makanumaayi vivaham kazhichu. ennirunnaalum, 840-ll alle-afsheen arasttilaayathinethudarnna dambathikalum arasttilaayi.
840ll alle-muu 'tasim alle-sinninaayi samara vittappol, addeham addehathe thalasthaanathu thante deputy aayi niyamichu, addeham madangiyethiyappol, addehathe parasyamaayi oru simhaasanathil iruthi addehathinu oru aachaaraparamaaya kireedam nalki. 841leeii hajjil ashinas pankedutthappol, roottinte ellah stoppukalilum addehathinu bahumathikal labikkukayum thante theerthaadana kaalayalavil samara muthal mcca vareyulla pravishyakalude "ameer" allengil govarnor ennu prashamsikkappedukayum cheythu. ibnu alle-aadim parayunnathanusarichu, alle-muu 'tasim maathram thante bharanathinte avasana varshangalil ashinasinu 40 dasalaksham velli "dirham" nalki.
alle-vathikhinteyum maranathinteyum keezhil currier.
ramadaan (juun/juulai) 843-ll khaleefa alle-vathikh aashinaasinte kireedadhaarana chadangu aavarthichu, eee avasarathil padinjaaran pravisyakalil, samara muthal magrib vare vyapakamaaya adikaaram nikshepichu-pathinanjaam noottaandile eejipshyan pandithanaaya alle-suyuti oru vishayathin rajakeeya adikaaram ("sultan") nalkia aadya avasaramaayi kanakkakkiya oru niyamam. 14-aamm noottaandile charitrakaaranaaya alle-dahabi parayunnathanusarichu, adhikaarathinte unnathiyilayirikke 844 desember 17 allengil 19-nuu ashinas marichu; mattu srothassukalil sthireekarikkappettillettim, khaleefa pidicheduttha 100,000 swarnna dinaarukalude sambathu addeham avasheshippichu. addehathinte maranatthinte saahacharyangalekkurichu valarekkurache ariyoo, pakshe, maathyoo gorden abhipraayappedunnathupole, "addehathinte maranam rogamo vaardhakyamo moolamaanengil, akramasakthamaaya anthyam ozhivakkaan kazhinja pramukha samaran thurkkikalil oru cheria samkhyayil ashinas ulppettirunnu". addehathinte maranashesham saha thurkkikalaaya itaakhum wasif praadhaanyathilekku uyarnnu, prathyekichu itaakh addehathinte rankil ashinaasinte pingami padinjaaran pravisyakalil addehathinte melnottavum. ashinaasinte kottaram pinneedu khaleefa alle-muthavaakkilinte vishwasthanaaya alle-fath ibn khakhaante vasathiyayi maari.
bhaaviyile visayarmaraaya ahamed ibnu alle khaasib, sulaiman ibnu wahib ibnu sayeed ennivar aashinaasinte sekrattariyaayi ("katib") sevanamanushtichu.