
lionel vigram (britiish armi officer)

kyapttan lionel vigram (1907 englandile shefieldil-3 februvari 1944 italiyile pisopheratto abruzi mekhalayil) oru britiish armi offeesaraayirunnu. randaam lokamahaayudhathil britiish kaalaalppadayude poratta thanthrangal vikasippikkunnathil addeham oru pradhana punk vahichu.
aadyakaala varshangal.
mouris vigraaminte makanaaya lionel vigram shefieldil oru vishishta jootha kudumbatthil janichu, pinneedu sarriyilekku thamasam maari, oru lunden solisittarum property developerumaayi. 1918 muthal 1925 vare shefieldile king edward VII schoolilum ooksfoordile kweens collegilum vigram vidyaabhyaasam nedi. addeham oolga vigram "nee" jokelsonine vivaham kazhichu, eee dambathikalkku denia enna oru makalundaayirunnu. property developer peettar paalamboyude aadya bhaaryayaayirunnu avar.
randaam lokamahaayudham.
1939-ll, thante samakalikaraaya aayirakkanakkin aalukaleppole, yuddham pottippurappettappol lionel vigram britiish sainyathil chernnu. ithinakam praadeshika sainyathil kammeeshan cheyyappetta addeham sajeeva dutyil cherukayum royal fusiliyezhsil (sitti oof lunden rejiment) captanaayi kammeeshan cheyyappedukayum cheythu. 1941ll 47-aamath (lunden) infentry division school oof baattil drillinte sthaapakaril oralaaya addeham 1942-nte thudakkathil barnard kottayile puthiya jii. echu. kyu hoome fozhsu baattil schoolil cheef instructoraayi niyamithanaayi. mejaraayi sthaanakkayattam nedi, italiyil vinyasicha anchaam armi corpilekku addehathe niyamichu. 
1943leeii itaaliyan keezhadangalinushesham britiish, american sainikar vegathil sisili keezhadakkukayum itaaliyan pradhana bhoopradeshathekku neengukayum cheythu. britiish, komanvelthu sainyam itaaliyan kizhakkan theerathu munneriyappol amerikkakkaarkk padinjaaru undaayirunnu. ennirunnaalum, 1943 leeii shaithyakaalath central italiyile gustav lainil munnettam nilachu. 
abruzi mekhalayil aayirikkumbol, itaaliyan pakshapathiyaaya nethaavaaya ettor troiloyode vigram vegathil sahathapam prakadippikkukayum jarmmankaarkkethire sakhyasenayumayi pooraadunna itaaliyan ardhasainika vibhaagathe lakshyamidunnathil vijayakaramaayi sahayikkukayum cheythu. akkaalat itaaliyan senaye ippozhum prashnangalude saadhyathayulla uravidamaayi kaanapettirunnu, avar audyogikamaayi vijayichuvenkilum sakhyakakshikalkk avayil athra aathmavishwaasamo aathmavishwaasamo undaayirunnilla. itaaliyan sainyathe (saadhaarana allengil pakshapaathikal) sahaaya senayaayi upayogikkaan manassil karuthiya britiish, american sainika nethaakkalude bhinnatha marikadakkaan vigram kazhinju. ithu meyla brigedinte sannadhasevanavibhaagathinte roopeekaranathinu kaaranamaayi. britiish, itaaliyan sainikarude samyuktha sainika senaykk "vigfozhs" ennu vilipperu nalki.
abruzi mekhalayile pisopheratto graamatthil nadanna dayaneeyamaaya aakramanathil vigfozhsine nayikkunnathinideyaanu vigram kollappettath; addehathe mooroo nadhi canaden yuddha semitheriyil (XVI) samskarichu.bii. 9 camp) oorttoonayil.
vigraaminte sidhaantham.
randaam lokamahaayudham pottippurappettappol britiish armi baattil drill-onnaam lokamahaayudhasamayathu vikasippikkukayum dankirkkine ozhippichathinu sesham annathe lefttanant general harold alexander aii corpsil punarujeevippikkukayum cheythath-kaalalppadaye cheria thanthrangal padippikkunnathinulla reethiyaayirunnu. eee pariseelana saankethikavidya muzhuvan aabhyanthara sainyathilekkum pracharippikkunnathil vigram pradhana punk vahichu. thante sainyathe padikkumbol addeham nigamanam cheythath, sharashari oru britiish sainika plaattoon eathaandu 25 sathamaanam "dheera", evideyum pooyi enthum cheiyunna purushanmaar, 50 sathamaanam "aadukal", nannayi nayikkappettaal aduthu pinthudarunna purushanmaar, 25 sathamaanam "bheerukkal", yuddham aarambhichukazhinjaal vegathil oodukayoo phalapradamallaathaavukayo cheiyunnavaraanu.
paarambaryamaayi.
britiish chalachithra nirmmathaavum loss enchals aasthaanamaayulla thirakkathaakruthumaaya lionel vigram (jananam 1961) addehathinte pithrupithaavaaya maaj lionel vigraamine anusmarichaanu ariyappedunnathu.
paraamarshangal.
kurippukal
grandhasoochika
kooduthal vaayana

