
leapsig yudhakkuttangalkkulla vichaarana

onnaam lokamahaayudhathile jarmman yudhakkuttavaalikalennu aaropikkappedunnavare vichaarana cheiyunnathinaayi 1921-ll leapsig yudhakkuttangalude vichaarana leepsigile jarmman "reachesjerich" (supreme kodathi) nuu munbaake nadannu, vezhsaay udambadi prakaram jarmman sarkkaarin chumathiya shikshakalude bhaagamaayi. panthrand pere vichaarana cheyyukayum (sammishra phalangalode) nadapadikal parajayamaayi akkaalat parakke kanakkaakkukayum cheythu. deerghakaalaadisthaanathil, anthaaraashtra niyama lamghanangalkkethire samagramaya oru samvidaanam avatharippikkunathinulla oru supradhana chuvaduveppaayi chilar avaye kandu.
pashchaathalam.
onnaam lokamahaayudhasamayathu sakhyakakshikal oru puthiya ashayam konduvannu, vijayam kaivarichukazhinjaal, parajayappetta shatru nethaakkal yudhasamayathu nadatthiya anthaaraashtra niyama lamghanangalkku criminal kuttangal neridendivarum. 1919 januvari 25nuu paarees samaadhaanasammelanathinide sakhyasarkkaarukal athinulla shupaarshakal nalkunnathinaayi utharavaaditha kammeeshan sthaapichu. thalphalamaayi, vezhsaay udambadiyude articles <aii. dii. 1> sakhya sarkkarukal yudhakkuttavaalikal ennu nirvachicha jarmman udyogasthare arast cheyyaanum vichaarana cheyyaanum vyavastha cheythu. article 227 prakaram brittan, france, itali, yunaittad stetts, jappan ennee pradhana sakhyashakthikalil ninnulla oru jadjiyude adhyakshathayil oru prathyeka tribunal sthaapikkaan vyavastha cheythittundu. muun kaisar wilhem randaamane oru yudhakkuttavaaliyaayi thiricharinju, 1918 novemberil sthaanathyaagam cheythathinushesham netherlandil abhayam nalkia dutch sarkkarinodu kaimaranullah abhyarthana abhisambodhana cheyyanamennu athu aavasyappettu. article 228 sakhya sarkkaarukale sainika tribunalukalil jarmman yudhakkuttavaalikalennu aaropikkappedunnavare vichaarana cheyyaan anuvadichu. eratta apakadasaadhyatha enna niyamaparamaaya thathwam lamghichu, jarmman sainika niyamaprakaaram prathikale ithinakam vichaarana cheyyukayum shikshikkukayum kodathi-maarshyal nadapadikalil shikshikkukayum cheytha kesukalil polum anubandha prosecutionukal munnott pookaam. athinaayi sakhyakakshikal purappeduvicha eathu kaimaaral utharavum jarmman sarkkar paalikkendathundu.
udambadiyude samaapanathethudarnnu, sakhya sarkkarukal muun kaisarine arast cheyyaanulla niyamaparavum nayathanthraparavumaaya sramangal aarambhichu. 1919 juun 28nuu, udambadi oppuvacha divasam, paarees samadhana sammelanathinte president dutch raajakudumbathinte valare adutha bandhuvaya muun kaisarine kaimaranamennu aavasyappettu dutch sarkkaarine abhisambodhana cheyth oru nayatantra kuripp ezhuthi. addehathe kaimarunnathu netherlandsinte nishpakshatha nayathe lamghikkumennu juulai 7 nuu dutch videshakaarya oafees marupadi nalki. oduvil wilhem pareekshikkunna prashnam upekshikkappedukayum 1941 juun 4 nuu marikkunnathuvare addeham thante dutch estettaaya hyoos donil thudarukayum cheythu.
kooduthal sakhyakakshikal nadapadiyedukkumennu pratheekshichukondu jarmman deseeya assembly yudhakkuttangalil prathikalaaya jarmmankaare prathirodhikkunnathinaayi oru kendra beuro sthaapichu. 1919 october 4 nuu berlinil nadanna oru yogathil, prussian beuro oof investigationile johanns goldshe, sakhyayudha kuttakrithyangalekkurichu 5,000 vishadamaaya rekhakal thante oafees samaaharichittundennum avaa jarmman sainikarkkethire prosecution konduvannaal prathirodha abhibhashakanu udan labhyamakkaamennum report cheythu. jarmman yudhakkuttangalude sakhyakakshikalude aaropanangalum beuro anweshichirunnuvengilum eee kesil sakhyakakshikalil ninnu prathyaaghaathangal undaakumenna bhayathaal athinte kandethalukal parasyamakkaan padhathiyundaayirunnilla.
1920 februvari 3nuu sakhyakakshikal yudhakkuttavaalikalaanenna aaropikkappedunna 900 perukalude oru pattika jarmman sarkkaarin samarppichu. jarmman pouranmaare sakhya sarkkaarukalkk kaimarunnathinu jarmmankaar visammathikkukayum pakaram jarmman neethinyaaya samvidaanathinullil avare vichaarana cheyyaan nirddeshikkukayum cheythu.iii. leepsigile "reachesjerich" ll. eee nirddesham sakhyakakshikal amgeekarikkukayum 1920 meyy maasathil avar jarmmankaarkk 45 prathikalude oru pattika kaimarukayum cheythu. eee aalukale ellaavareyum kandethaan kazhinjilla, mattu kesukalil vishwasaneeyamaaya thelivukal kandethaan budhimuttaayirunnu. oduvil, pattikayil ninnu panthrand pere maathrame vichaaranaykk konduvannulloo. mattu kesukal aarambhikkunnathin munbu pattikayil illaatha mattu moonnu pere "reachesjerich" vichaarana cheythu dietrich lotman, pooll neegal, pooll sangerhousen. beljiyathil nadanna kollayude peril moonnu perkkethire kuttam chumatthi.
pareekshanangal.
lotman, neegal, sangerhousen ennivarude vichaarana 1921 januvariyil nadannu. moonnu perum kuttakkaaraanennu kandethi. lotmane anchu varsham sivilian jayililum neegaline naalu varsham sivilian jayililum saamgarhousane rund varsham sivilian jayililum shikshichu.
1921 meyy 23 muthal juulai 16 vare leapsigil "reachsgerrich" (ezhu jadjimar ulppedunna) nuu munbaayirunnu mattu vichaaranayukal nadannathu.
haay.
westfaaliyayile herneyile friedrich derr gross kalkari khaniyil nirbandhitha thozhilaallikalaayi thante commandinu keezhilulla 200 britiish, 40 russian paavukalkkethire thante mushti raifil butt ulppedeyulla shaareerika shiksha upayogichathinu sarjant kaal heynen kuttakkaaranaanennu kandethi. aramanikkoor neram choodullathum thanuthathumaaya vellathil kulikkaan edayaakkunnathu ulppede vividha kroorathakaliloode cross bhraanthan enna peril oru britiish paavine oodichathinu heynen kuttaaropithanaayi. mcdonald enna britiish paav rakshappett thirichupidichathinu sesham, heynen mcdonaldine raifil butt upayogichu adichu thaazhekku idichu chavittukayaayirunnuvennum aaropikkapettu. 1915 october 14nuu, oru panimudakku shramathinide udan joliyilekku madangiyethiyillengil thante kamaandilulla kuthirakale samkshipthamaayi vadhikkumenn heynen bheeshanippeduthiyathaayum aaropikkapettu. ithe kuttangalkk ithinakam thanne heinane court marshell cheyyukayum shikshikkukayum cheythu, koodaathe pathinaalu divasathe thadankalil "oru kottayil" shikshikkappedukayum athu yudhaavasaanam vare nirtthivaykkappedukayum cheythu. britiish gavanmentinte nirbandhaprakaaram, eratta apakadasaadhyatha maattivaykkukayum athe kuttangalkk heinane veendum vichaarana cheyyukayum cheythu. panimudakkinide cheytha pravarthanangalkku addehathe kuttavimukthanaakki, kaaranam kodathi vidhichathu, paraathippedaan avakaashamundengilum utharavukal palikkaan visammathikkaan paadilla, ennaal anaavashya kroorathayude mattu pathinanju sambhavangalkk sikshikkappettu.
shikshavidhi purappeduvikkumbol kodathi prakhyaapichu, "jarmman sainyathinte nalla prasasthiyum samskaarathinte oru rashtramenna nilayil jarmman raashtrathinte bahumaanavum uyarthippidikkanamenkil, oraal ettavum sariyaaya reethiyil pravarthikkendiyirunna prathirodhamillaatha thadavukaarkkethire eee pravrithikal nadannuvenna vastutha moolam vashalaaya angeyattam parukkan kroorathayude kesanit ennu amgeekarikkaan arcum kazhiyilla... addehathinte kuttakrithyangalude swabhaavam kanakkileduthu, prathyekichu rogikalaaya thadavukaarkkethire cheytha kuttakrithyangal kanakkileduthu oru kottayil thadankalil vaykkunnathinekkurichu oru chodyavum undaakilla. neremarichu, thadavushiksha nadappaakkanam."oru saadhaarana jaile thadavu sainika bahumatiye apamanikkunnathaayi kanakkaakkappettirunnum, heinane oru sivilian jayilil patthu maasam thadavinu shikshichu.
mueller.
kyapttan emil mullar, flavi-leeii-martalile poow kyaambinte muun kamaandantaayirunnu, athu addehathinte varavinu valare munbuthanne 1,000 britiish poow ulla oru valia sespoolakki maari. campile saahacharyangal mechappeduthaan thaan valareyadhikam sramichuvennum sainika bureaucracy kooduthal karyangal cheiyunnathil ninnu thaan pinmariyennum addeham theliyichu. addehathinte command avasaanichathinusesham 500 kuthirakale konna oru vayarilakkam engane sambhavichuvennu addehathinte abhibhaashakan kaanichu thannu. manappoorvvam vyakthiparamaaya kroorathayude ombathu sambhavangal theliyikkappedanamennum, athupole thanne oru pavinode moshamaayi perumaran mullar oru keezhudhyogasthane anuvadicha oru adhika cases, mattu chatta lamghana kesukal, athupole thanne rund vaakkalulla durupayoga kesukal ennivayum kodathi pariganichu. samayam chelavazhichathulppede aarr maasam sivilian jayilil thadavinu sikshikkappettu. command responsibility" enna padam aadyamaayi upayogichathu eee vichaaranayilaan.
neuman.
pommerensdorfile oru raasa faaktariyil nirbandhitha thozhilaallikalaaya sakhyakakshikalude kuthirakale kaaval nirtthiya swakaarya roobert neuman anaavashya kroorathaykku prathiyaanu. chila kesukalil, vichaaranaykk kandethaan kazhiyaatha sarjant heinrich trinkeyude utharavukal maathramaan thaan paalichathennu neuman theliyichu. mattu kesukalil, neuman swantham munkaiyyanusarichu kuthirakale shaareerikamaayi durupayogam cheythathayi kandethi. nyoomaanethiraaya pathinezh kuttangalil panthrand kuttangalum theliyikkanamennu kodathi pariganichu. shikshavidhi nadappaakkunnathil, kodathi prakhyaapichu, "prathi thante keezhilullavarum thante keezhudhyogastharumaaya thadavukaare chavittukayo adikkukayo allengil shaareerikamaayi moshamaayi perumaarukayo cheythu. addeham manappoorvvam ithu cheyyukayum thante praharangal thadavukaare vedanippikkanamennu uddeshikkukayum cheythu. ithu cheiyunnathil addehathinu oru nyaayeekaranavum undaayirunnilla."aarr maasam sivilian jayilil thadavinu sikshikkappettu, naalu maasam ithinakam vichaaranakkaayi kaathirunnu, shikshayude bhaagamaayi.
"dover kotta".
"1917 meyy 26 nuu medittareniyan kadalil britiish ashupatri kappal torpido cheyyukayum mukkukayum cheytha yuu-bottile kaappittaanlyoottnt kaal neuman uyarnna kadalile yudhakkuttangalkku prathiyaanu. saamraajyathva jarmman naavikasenayile thante meludyogastharude utharavukal maathramaan thaan paalichathennu addeham theliyichu. 1907leeii hege kanvenshanile article x, xi enniva lamghichu sainika aavasyangalkkaayi ashupatri kappalukal upayogichuvennu saamraajyathva jarmman sarkkar sakhyakakshikale kuttappeduthukayum 1917 march 19 nuu yuu-bottukalkku chila vyavasthakalkku keezhil ashupatri kappalukal mukkan kazhiyumennu vidhikkukayum cheythirunnu. mungal niyamaparamaaya oru pravrithiyaanennu "kaapittaanlyootnt" neuman vishwasichirunnuvennum yudhakkuttangalil addeham kuttakkaaranallenn kandethiyennum kodathi nireekshichu.
"landwari kotta".
"onnaam lokamahaayudhathil antharvaahiniyil sevanamanushticha rund juuniyar officermaaraaya joonn boltine 1918 juun 27 nuu ireland theerathu canaden ashupatri kappal mungimarichathil pankedutthathinu vichaaranaykkide yudhakkuttangalkku vichaarana cheythu. onnaam lokamahaayudhathile ettavum marakamaaya canadian samudra duranthatthil life bottukalil aayirunnappol "landwari kotta" mungimarichathil ninnu rakshappettavare mesheen gann cheythathayi dithmer bold aaropichirunnu. yuu-86" enna kappalile jeevanakkar life bottukal mungukayum thudarnnu mesheen gunning nadathukayum cheythappol motham 234 medical udyogastharum sainikarum naavikarum marichu, athesamayam oru life bottile 24 perr maathramaan mungimarichathine athijeevichathu. vichaaranaykkide, dithmer bold yudhakkuttangalil kuttakkaaraanennu kandethukayum naalu varsham thadavinu shikshikkappedukayum cheythu, ennirunnaalum iruvarum utharavukal maathram paalikkunnu enna vaadathe adisthaanamaakki appeel nalki avaa pinneedu asadhuvaakki, avarude commanding officer, "kaapittanlyootnant" helmut brummer-paatsig maathramaan utharavaadikal. vichaarana aarambhikkunnathin munbu brummer-paatsig swatantra nagaramaya dansigilekku palayanam cheyyukayum orikkalum vichaarana cheyyappedathirikkukayum cheythu.
ramdor.
beljiyathe balaalsangam cheytha samayat sivilian poraalikal allaathavarkkethiraaya kuttangalkk maiks ramdorinethire kesedutthirunnu. addeham kuttakkaaranallenn kandethi.
povu koottakkolakal.
58-aamm kaalaalppada brigedinte muun kamaandaraayirunna lefttanant general kaal stengar 1914 augustil ellah franch kuthirakaleyum churukkatthil vadhashikshaykk vidheyamaakkaan mejar benno crusiasinode utharavittathayi aaropikkapettu. 1914 august 21nuu sarbergilum 1914 august 26nuu seyant-baarbeykkaduthulla oru vanathilum franch paavukalude rund vyathyastha koottakkolakku crusius prathiyaanu. stengar atharam utharavukal purappeduvichittilnum yudhakkuttangalil kuttakkaranallennum theliyichu. 
rund poow koottakkolakaleyum sambandhichidatholam, crusius "utharavu" nadappakkiyathaayi nishedhikkunnilla. brigade utharavu purappeduvichuvennu aaropikkappedunna samayat," crusius "thante maanasika kazhivukalude rogakaramaaya vyathiyaanam anubhavikkunnundennu medical vidagdhar bodhyappedutthi ennu kodathi vidhichu, ithu thante swantham ishtathinte prayogam asaadhyamaakki. august 21nuu ithu neratthe thanne undaayirunnuvennu eee vidagdhar karutunnilla. kodathi eee kazhchappadinodu yojikkunnu... praayogikamaayi, kuttakkaranaaya kakshiyude ichhaashakthiyekkurichulla nyayamaaya samshayam kuttabodham prakhyapikkaan anuvadikkunnilla, august 26-neey sambandhichidatholam krooshyasinethire oru sikshayum nalkaan kazhiyilla." 
sent barbeyile koottakkolayude peril bhraanthaanenn kandethiyittum, 1914 august 21 nuu sarbergill nadanna koottakkolayude peril crusius yudhakkuttangalil kuttakkaaranaanennu kandethi. athanusarichu oru udyogasthante unifom dharikkanulla avakasham addehathinu nishedhikkukayum rund varsham sivilian jayilil shikshikkappedukayum cheythu.
laal.
thante yoonit neengumbol urangikkidanna franch sainyathile kyapttan maigaattine kolappeduthiyathinu oberlyootnant adolph lolinethire kuttam chumatthi. lolum aalukalum kyapttane sameepichu thadavilaakkaan shramichappol, kudiyettakkaaran ethirkkukayum addehathe thadayaan sramikkunna jarmmankaare elakkividukayum oodippookumbol purakil vedivaykkappedukayum cheythu. loll marakamaaya vediyuthirkkukayo thante aalukalodu vedivaykkaan utharavidukayo cheythittillenn kodathi kandethi. utharavukalillaathe avar svanthamaayi pravarthichirunnu. thathfalamaayi, addeham kuttakkaaranallenn kandethi.
kaasal.
lefttanant general hans voonn shackin mejar general benno kruskaykkum ethire casselile oru poow campil 1915 leeii typhus pottippurapetta samayat nadatthiya pravarthanangalkku 1,280 kolapaathakangalkk kesedutthirunnu. campilekku niyogikkappetta pathinettu jarmman doctormaaril randuperkku maathrame rogam pidipedaanaayulloovennum avaril naalu perr athu moolam marichuvennum kodathi nireekshichu. koodaathe, campile 34 jarmman gaardukalkk pakarchavyaadhi pottippurapetta samayat typhus pidipettu. pakarchavyaadhi pottippurappedaan ettavum kooduthal sambhavana cheythath russiakkaare mattu thadavukaarkkoppam paarppikkanamenna camp kamaandantinte utharavaayirunnu" ennu kodathi aathyanthikamayi vidhichu. ennirunnaalum, ithinte utharavaaditham sainyathinte hikemandinu mathramaayirikkum. 1914 october 18nuu yuddha oafees ithinulla utharavu nalkukayum russian thadavukaare avarude sakhyakakshikalaya engleeshukaarkkum franchukaarkkum oppam nirthunnathu uchithamaanennu eee utharavu prasthavikkukayum cheythu. medical veekshanakonil, campile doctor ithinethire praathinidhyam vahichu... unnatha adhikaarikal avarude utharavil urachunilkkukayum bandhapetta kakshikalkk anusarikkukayallathe mattonnum cheyyanundavukayum cheythu."rund prathikaleyum veruthe vidunnathil, kodathi prakhyaapichu," general kruska general voonn shackin samsthaana abhibhaashakan thanne paranjathupole poornnamaayum kuttavimuktharakkanam... eee kodathikku munbilulla vichaarana eee bheemakaaramaaya aaropanangalkk thelivukalude oru nizhal polum velippeduthiyittilla."
marupadi.
jarmman sainika niyamaprakaaram athe kuttakrithyangalkku shupaarsha cheythavaye adisthaanamaakkiyullathaayinu shikshaavidhikal, weimer republicinu purathu, vichaarana cheyyappetta kesukal kuravaayathinaal vichaaranakal neethiyude parihaasamaayi kaanapettu, shikshavidhi nalkunnathil jadjimaarude dayayum. 
abhibhashakanum charitrakaaranumaaya alfred dii sayas ezhuthi, "pothuve paranjaal, jarmman janatha eee vichaaranaye ozhivaakki, prathyekichu sakhyakakshikal samanamaaya reethiyil swantham sainikare niyamathinu munnil konduvarunnilla ennathinaal."
sarjant kaal heinane patthu maasathe thadavinu shikshichathinusesham, lunden timesinte leapsig lekhakan vichaaranaye "neethiyude apakeerthikaramaaya parajayam" ennu visheshippichu. vichaarana landanilekku maattanamenn oru britiish empy aavasyappettu. sarjant heinanu nalkia "nindyamaaya" shiksha vichaaranaye "judicial prahasanamaayi" churukkiyathayi matoraal prakhyaapichu.
leapsig vichaaranayude parambarayile aadya vidhi germmaniyilum englandilum prakadamaayi thikachum vyathyasthamaaya reethiyil pothujanaabhipraayathe prakopippichu" ennu "jarmman gasatt" prathikarichu. jarmman samvedanakshamathaye ettavum kooduthal murivelppikkunna vidhathil englandil shikshayude alavu vimarshikkappettittundu." 
keezhadangukayum niraayudharaakukayum cheythathinushesham jarmman kuthirakale koottakkola cheiyunnathu padinjaaran munnaniyile ellah sakhyasenakalileyum sainikarkkidayil saadhaaranamaayirunnuvenkilum, rund kuthirakale koottakkola cheythathinu lefttanant general stenchare kuttavimukthanaakkiyathil franch pradhaanamantri erised brind valare prakopithanayathinaal vichaarana nireekshicha franch dauthyam prathishedhathode thirichuvilichu.
maruvashathu, germmaniyile vichaaranakal pala kaaranangalal amithamaayi kadinamaayi kaanapettu
1922 januvari 15nuu, vichaaranayekkurich anweshikkaan niyogikkappetta sakhya niyamanjarude oru kammeeshan, avarumaayi kooduthal munnott pogunnathu upayogashoonyamaanennu nigamanam cheyyukayum bakkiyulla prathikale vichaaranaykkaayi sakhyakakshikalkk kaimaranamennu shupaarsha cheyyukayum cheythu. ithu cheythilla, vichaaranakal nishabdamaayi upekshikkappettu.
britiish gavanmentine prathinidheekarichu vichaaranakal nireekshicha clad muellins, 1945 nuu munbulla jarmman adhikaarathodulla manobhaavatthinte velichathil avaa manassilaakkanamenn vaadichu. addeham abhiprayappettu, "pala jarmman railway vandikalilum 'janal thurakkano adachidano enna tharkkamundayaal, athu gaard theerumaanikkumennu' ariyippukal undennathu pradhaanamaanennu njaan ellaayppozhum karuthunnu.'britteeshukaarkk valarekkurachu maathrame manassilakkaan kazhiyoo ennathinaal jarmmankaarkk adhikaarathodu bahumaanamund."jarmman sainika niyamaprakaaram saadhaarana sikshayaaya oru kottayil thadankalil vaykkunnathinekkaal hrasvamaaya oru sivilian jaile kaalavadhi polum, sakhyaraajyangalile aalukal athil ulppedunna theevramaaya apamaanathethudarnnu manassilaakkiyathinekkaal kadinamaaya shikshayaanenn addeham paranju. "aarr maasam sivil jayilil", addeham ezhuthi, "athinaal oru kottayil moonnu varshathiladhikam thadavu, ithu saadhaarana sainika shikshayaan. jarmmankaarkk ellaayppozhum sevana 'bahumanam' ennathinekkurichu vichitramaaya aashayangalundaayirunnu, eee 'bahumanam' saadhaaranakkaarkku maathram labhikkunnathupole thadavu sikshayaal aazhathil murivelppikkappettu."addeham upasamharichu," eee vichaaranakal 'neethiyude parihaasamo' prahasanamo aayirunnilla enna vastutha avasheshikkunnu.'vasthuthakalude adithattilekku pookaanum sathyathil athaanumulla yadhaartha aagraham ellaayppozhum undaayirunnu. ithum general voonn franseky admiral voonn trotha prashamsicha kroorathayude sidhaanthangale oru jarmman kodathi apalapichuvennathum dayaneeyaraaya kuttavaalikal marannupoyittu valarekkalam charithratthil nilanilkkunna pradhana falangalaanu."
ottomaan sainika tribunalukal.
automan yudhakkuttavaalikale vichaarana cheyyaanulla shramavum paarees samaadhaanasammelanam ettedukkukayum aathyanthikamayi automan saamraajyavumaayulla sever udambadiyile (1920) bhagamaavukayum cheythu. armeniyan charitrakaaranaaya vaahakn enn. prosecutionile sakhyakakshikalude sramangal "rashtreeya anuranjanathinu vazhiyorukkiya prathikara neethiyude" udaaharanamaanennu dadrian abhipraayappedunnu. ennirunnaalum, armeniyan kavi peettar balakian turkish court-maarshyaline "yudhakkutta tribunalukalude charithratthile oru naazhikakkallayi" visheshippikkunnu."
paarambaryamaayi.
akkaalat valia thothil parajayamaayi kanakkaakkappettirunnum, anthaaraashtra niyamalamghanangalkkethire samagramaya oru samvidaanam aavishkarikkanulla aadya sramamaayirunnu leapsig vichaaranakal. 
randaam lokamahaayudhasamayathu, yudhathinushesham, yudhasamayathu nadanna yudhakkuttangalkku achuthandinte nethaakkale paraajayappeduthaan sakhyasarkkaarukal veendum theerumaanichu. eee samrambhangal oduvil neuremberg vichaaranayilekkum vidoora kizhakk anthaaraashtra sainika tribunalilekkum nayichu.
sheethayudham avasaanichathinethudarnnu ithe pravanatha 2002ll anthaaraashtra criminal kodathi sthaapikkunnathilekku nayichu.

