
teledorasia sarkkinkta

aadukaludeyum aadukaludeyum ettavum pradhanappetta paraannabhojikalilonnaya teladorasia sarkkinkta oru nematodaanu. munbu "austertaagiya sarkkinkta" ennariyappettirunna ithu samsaarabhashayil braun austettu verm ennaanu ariyappettirunnath. thekkukizhakkan, thekkupadinjaaran austreliya, yunaittad kingdom thudangiya thanutha, mitasheetoshna pradeshangalil ithu saadhaaranamaanu. aattinkuttikalum kuttikalum thammil anubaadhaykk vidheyamaakunnathil ganyamaaya vyathyaasamund. eee vyathiyanangalil bhooribhaagavum janithakamaanu, rogaprathirodha prathikaranatthe swaadheenikkunnu. paraannabhojikal oru type I hypersensitivity prathikaranatthe prerippikkunnu, ithu gurutharamaaya rogabadhitharaaya mrugangalude swabhaava savisheshathayaaya aapekshika protein kuravinu kaaranamaakunnu. anubaadhayude gathi pravachikkaan kazhiyunna yanthrashaasthraparamaaya ganithashaasthra maathrkakalundu. anubadha niyantrikkaan vividha maargangalund, niyanthrana nadapadikalude samyojanam ettavum phalapradavum susthiravumaaya niyanthranam nalkaan saadhyathayund.
vargeekaranam.
"trichostrongylidae kudumbatthile austertaajiniya upakudumbathile amgavum trichostrongyloidae suuppar faamiliyumaan "teladorasia". "austertaagiya", "hemanches", "graphidium" enniva saadhaaranayaayi vyathyastha upakudumbangalkk nalkunna adutha bandhamullah taxakalaanu. "teladorsagia davtiani", "teladorsagia trifurkatta" "enniva orupakshe phenotypic vakabhedangalaanu (morphotypeukal)"."
roopaghadana.
muthirnnavarkk nertthathum cheria buckel arayum chuvapp thavitt niravumaanu. aadukalkkidayil sharashari puzhuvinte valippam ganyamaayi vyathyaasappedunnu. penthumbikalkku 0.6 muthal 1.2 centimeter vare valipavum purushanmaarkk 20 sathamaanam vare cheruthaanu.
jeevitachakram.
jeevitachakram thaarathamyena lalithamaanu. muthirnna aann, penn vamshajaraayavar abomasal uparithalathil prajananam nadathunnu. muttakal malam vazhi kadannupokukayum aadya (ell1), randaam (ell2), moonnaam ghatta laarvakal (ell3) ennivayiloode vikasikkukayum cheiyunnu. moonnaam ghatta larvakalkku bhakshanam nalkaan kazhiyilla, avaa anubaadhayude gattamaanu. kazhichathinushesham, moonnaam ghatta laarvakal 48 manikorinullil gastric grandhikalil vikasikkunna naalam ghatta larvakalaayi (ell 4) athivegam urukunnu. anubaadhaykk ekadesham 8 divasam kazhinju, cheruppakkaar gastric grandhikalil ninnu purathuvannu pakwata praapikkukayum prajananam nadathukayum cheiyunnu. prepettant kaalayalav 12 divasam vare aakam. pakwathayulla sthreekalude garbhaashayathile muttakalude ennam 10 ll thaazhe muthal 60 ll kooduthal vare vyathyaasappedaam, ithu aathidheyarude rogaprathirodha prathikaranatthe valareyadhikam aasrayichirikkunnu. praayapoorthiyaaya penn puzhukkal prathidinam uthppaadippikkunna muttakalude ennam 0 muthal ekadesham 350 vareyaanennum neelamulla penn puzhukkal kooduthal muttayidunnuvennum kanakkaakkappedunnu.  
epidemiology.
aadukalude ganyamaaya saambathika nashtatthinu ithu kaaranamaakunnu. eee inathil gaveshanathinu thaarathamyena kuravundengilum ithu aadukalil gurutharamaaya nashtamundaakkunnuvennu vishwasikkappedunnu. mikka raajyangalilum, moonnaam ghatta laarvakal anubadha vasanthakaalath punararambhikkukayum peripaarshyant penthumbikal valia thothil muttakal uthppaadippikkunnathaanu ithinu kaaranamaakunnath. pradhana trigger eevile aapekshika protein kuravaanennu thonnunnu, koodaathe anubandha protein nalkunnathiloode peripaarcharant vardhanavu thadayaam. stereotypical paattenil, muttayude uthppaadanam (kunjaadukalile malam muttayude ennam vilayiruthunnathu) venalkkaalathinte pakuthi vare vardhikkukayum pinneedu kurayukayum cheiyunnu. swathanthramaayi jeevikkunna noolkkombukalude vikasanathe thapanilayum eerppavum swaadheenikkunnu, koodaathe kazhikkaan labhyamaya anubaadhayulla laarvakalude ennathil varshangalkkidayilum ganyamaaya vyathyaasamund. thathfalamaayi, varshathil mutta ulppaadanathinte reethiyum varshangalkkanusarichu vyathyaasappedunnu. mechilkkaalatthinte avasaanathil pull valarcha kurayumbol anubaadhayulla laarvakalude ennam kramena kurayunnu. kaalaavasthaye aashrayich oro rajyathinum seasonile avasanangal vyathyaasappedunnu, praadeshika kaalaavasthaye aashrayich rajyangalkkullil varsham thorum vyathyaasappedaan saadhyathayund, pakshe ithu moshamaayi rekhappeduthiyittundu. udaaharanathinu, skotlandil, season saadhaaranayaayi october avasaanathode avasaanikkunnu.
mrugangalkkidayil malam muttayude ennathil ganyamaaya vyathyaasamund, eee vyathiyaanathil bhooribhaagavum janithaka uthbhavamaan. vyathiyaanathinte uravidangal chalanathmakavum avayude aapekshika praadhaanyam varshaavarsham marikkondirikkunnu. paarambaryamaayi labhicha falangalkku purame, vyathyaasathinte mattu srothassukalil maathru, pothuvaaya paaristhithika phalangalum oro vyakthikkum prathyekamaaya phalangalum ulppedunnu, upabhogathile vyathiyaanavum noonn-additteev janithaka phalangalum ulppede. kunjaadinte lingabhedam, janana tharam (ottayoo erattayo), jananatheeyathi, nemattod anubaadhayude neratheyulla exposure theevratha enniva thaarathamyena cheruthenkilum ippozhum pradhana falangalaanu. nireekshicha ennavum yadhaartha malaa mutta ennavum thammilulla anivaryamaaya vyathyasavum nireekshicha vyathyaasathin kaaranamaakunnu. anubaadhayude swaabhaavika charithravum vyakthikal thammilulla vyathyaasathinte uravidangalum thaarathamyena nannayi manassilaakkappedunnu. mikka paraannabhojikalumaayum thaarathamyappeduthumbol parichhedana ".
klinikkal adayaalangalum roganirnayavum.
pradhaanamaayum ellah mechil mrugangalum anubaadhaykk vidheyaraakunnu, mikka mrugangalum muthirnnavaraayo allengil naalam ghattatthinte aadyaghattathile laarvakalaayo allengil randum kondo chila noolkkombukal vahikkum. roga niyanthranathinaayi, anubadha nirnnayikkukayalla, marichu uthppaadanam kurayukayo mrugakshemam kurayukayo allengil parannabhojiyaaya gastroentitis kaanikkan mathiyaya thothil rogabadhithamaaya mrugangaleyo attin koottangaleyo thirichariyuka ennathaanu lakshyam. valareyadhikam rogabadhitharaaya mrugangalkku thaarathamyena protein kuravaanu. vishapp kurayuka, valarchayude mosham prakadanam, sareerabhaaram kurayuka, edaykkideyulla vayarilakkam enniva klinikkal lakshanangalil ulppedunnu. klinikkal adayaalangalkku purame, malaa muttayude ennavum anubaadhayude samayavum gurutharamaaya roga badhita mrugangale thirichariyaan upayogikkunnu. ennirunnaalum, valare uyarnna alavil puzhukkal ulla aattinkuttikal valare kurachu muttakal maathrame uthpaadippikkunnulla; mutta ulppaadanathil puzhukkalude ennathinte sakthamaaya saandrata-ashrita falangalundu.
janithakashasthram.
idungiya ardhathil oru swabhaavathinte paarambaryakshamatha ennathu paarambarya vyathyaasathinte anupaathathe motham vyathiyanathaal harikkunnu. ithu thiranjeduppinulla prathikaranatthe nirnnayikkunnu. nemattod anubaadhaye thaarathamyena prathirodhikkunna mrugangale thirichariyunnathinum thiranjedukkunnathinum malam muttayude ennam vyaapakamaayi upayogikkunnu. australiyayilum nyoosilandilum thiranjedukkal ettavum purogamichathaanu, avide prabalamaaya nemattodukal "hemoncus contortus" allengil "tii" yude misrithamaanu. parichhedana ", trichostrongless colubriformis" enniva.
swaabhaavikamaayi rogabadhitharaaya scotish blackface aattinkuttikalude mechilppurangalkku pradhaanamaayum tii. jananathinu sheshamulla aadya rund maasangalil malam muttakalude ennathinte paarambaryamaaya parichhedana mutta poojyathil ninnu kaaryamaaya vyathyaasamundaayirunnil, thudarnnu mechilkkaalatthinte avasaanathil ekadesham 0.3 aayi uyarnnu. texel aadukalude oru koottatthinu samanamaaya paarambarya kanakkukal labhichu. eee paarambaryakshamatha beef kannukaalikalile valarchaa nirakkinteyum ksheera kannukaalikalile paal ulppaadanathinteyum paarambaryatthinu samaanamaan, ithu prakrithidathamaaya prathirodhatthinaayi thiranjeduttha prajananatthinte saadhyathaye soochippikkunnu. parichhedana anubadha.
swaabhaavika anubaadhayethudarnnu kunjaadukalile malaa muttayude ennathile janithaka vyathiyaanam pradhaanamaayum puzhu sthaapikkunnathinum athijeevanathino larva thadayunnathinum pakaram puzhu valuppatheyum prathyulpaadanatheyum swaadheenikkunna janithaka vyathiyaanamaan. vaasthavathil, prathyulpaadanavumaayi adutha bandhamullah muthirnna penn puzhukkalude valippathinte paarambaryakshamatha 0.6 aayi kanakkaakkappedunnu, athesamayam puzhukkalude samkhyayude paarambaryakshamatha 0.14 mathramaayirunnu. puzhukkalude valuppathinte uyarnna paarambaryakshamatha phitnas sambandhiyaaya savisheshathaykk peruketta ettavum uyarnna paarambaryangalilonnaanu.
anubaadhayodulla prathirodhatthinu adivarayidunna kaaryakaaranamaaya polymorphisangal thirichariyaan valareyadhikam sramangal nadannittundu. rund genomic pradeshangal prathyekichum niravadhi vyathyastha padanangalil parasparabandham kaanichittundu pradhana histocompattibilit complexinte "drb 1" locus interferon gaama locus. manushyarumaayi thaarathamyappeduthumbol aadukalile linkej asanthulithaavastha valare uyarnnathaan, kaaranam eee pradeshangalilaayirikkannamenna, marichu eee pradeshangalilo parisaratho aayirikkam. onniladhikam padanangalil nirddeshaathmakamaaya (eathaandu pakshe sthithivivarakkanakusaricha valare praadhaanyamillaatha) associationukal kaanikkunna niravadhi pradeshangalundu, ivayil chilath nemattod prathirodhatthinu kaaranamaaya polymorphisangal nalkunnundaakaam.
pala candidate jeenukalum rogaprathirodha prathikaranatthe swaadheenikkunnu, janithaka vyathiyaanam pradhaanamaayum anubaadhayodulla rogaprathirodha prathikaranatthe swaadheenikkunnathaayi thonnunnu. mattu samvidaanangalum janithaka vyathiyaanathin kaaranamakumenna soochanakalundenkilum.
rogaprathirodha prathikaranam.
tii-ykkethiraaya prathirodhatthinte rund pradhana prakadanangalundu. parichhedana "puzhukkalude valarchayude niyanthranavum puzhukkalude sthaapanathinteyum athijeevanathinteyum niyanthranavum. muthirnna puzhukkalude valipavum prathyulpaadanakshamathayum niyanthrikkunnath aiga pravartthanavumaayi, prathyekichu naalam ghatta laarvakalkkethire, shakthamaayum sthiramaayum bandhappettirikkunnu. eee prabhavam valare shakthavum sthirathayullathumaanu, kaaranam iga pravartthanavumaayi shakthamayi bandhappettirikkunna mattu rogaprathirodha samvidaanangalonnumilla. eesinophil nambar puzhuvinte neelavum prathyulpaadanakshamathayimaayi bandhappettirikkunnu, koodaathe eesinophilukalum aigayum prathipravartthichu puzhuvinte valarchayeyum prathyulpaadanatheyum swaadheenikkaan saadhyathayund. heemankas contortus anubaadhaykkethiraaya prathirodhatthil eosynophillukal ulppettittund."parannabhojikalaaya anubaadhakalkkethiraaya elikale prathirodhikkunnathil eosynophils valare durbalamaaya punk vahikkunnundenkilum elikalude eosynophilsinu aiga risapttar illenna vastutha ithu prathifalippichekkaam.
tii-ykkethiraaya prathirodhatthinte mattoru pradhana samvidaanam. chundukalude sthaapanathinteyum athijeevanathinteyum madhyasthamaaya niyanthranamaan surthinkta. veendum, eee bandham valare shakthavum sthirathayullathumaanu, athu mattethenkilum prathikaranatthinte adayaalamaayi pravarthikkunnathinekkaal kaaryakaaranamaayirikkaan saadhyathayund. moonnaam ghatta larvakalkkethiraaya ige pravartthanam ettavum pradhaanamaanennu thonnunnu. ige thiricharinja thanmaathrakalude ennam thaarathamyena cheruthaanennu thonnunnu; dvimaana vestten bloating 9 thanmaathrakale maathrame thiricharinjittulloo, ennirunnaalum kuranjathu rund alarjikalkku thelivukalundu. thaarathamyappeduthumbol, moonnaam ghatta laarvakalil 155 thanmathrakal aiga thiricharinju.
pathology.
nemattod anubaadhaye thudarnnulla rogalakshanangalude bhooribhaagathinum rogaprathirodha prathikaranamaanu kaaranamaakunnathenn thonnunnu. rogaprathirodha sheshi kurayunnathu pala klinikkal lakshanangalum illaathaakkunnu.
anubadha proteinte aapekshikamaya kuravinu kaaranamaakukayum athu sareerabhaaram kuraykkunnathino sareerabhaaram kuraykkunnathino polum kaaranamaakukayum cheiyunnu. vishapp kurayunnathaanu ithinu kaaranam. dahanakshamathayilum nashtam sambhavikkunnu. epithelial baariyarile murivukal protein nashtappedaan anuvadikkunnu, koodaathe protein tissue repire, rogaprathirodha, koshajwalana prakriyakalilekku thirikkunnu. bhakshanathinte protein supplement cheiyunnathiloode rogakaarikal rogakarikalaaya proteinte kuravinte anantharafalamaanennu shakthamayi vaadikkunna klinikkal adayaalangalude roopam thadayaan kazhiyum.
anubaadhayethudarnnu, epithelial koshangal thammilulla irukiya jangshanukalil okludinum cladinum dahippikkunna serin protees maast sell protees II purathuvidunna maast sell degranulationte anantharafalamaaya mucosal barrier thakarunnu. epithelial hyperplasia, abomaasathile vardhicha piechu, pepsinogenemia, vishappillaayma thudangiya pala rogalakshana prathikaranangalum umineeril epithelial valarchaa ghadakam epithelial koshangalude aantharika uparithalathile resepterukalumaayi bandhippikkunnath moolamundaakunna attakuttappanikalude anantharafalamaanu. deerghavum susthiravumaaya anubadha attakuttappanikal oru rogakariyaaya samvidaanamaayi maattunnu. kuranjathu kannukaalikalilenkilum, monospeciphic anubaadhakalekkaal kooduthal rogakaarikalaan abomasal, kudal enangalude mishrita anubadhakal. cherukudalile anubadha abomaasathil nashtappetta proteinukalude punarnirmmaanatthe thadayunnu ennathaanu vishwasaneeyamaaya oru vishadeekaranam.
ganithashaasthra modeling.
vivaranathmakam muthal ardha-mechanical muthal eathaandu poornnamaayum mechanical modalukal vareyulla anubadha prakriya niravadhi grouppukal maathrkayaakkiyittundu. thudakkathil modalukal pradhaanamaayum academic thaalpparyamullavayaayirum kooduthal kooduthal modalukal pareekshanangal aasoothranam cheiyunnathil upayogapradamaaya punk vahikkunnu. swaabhaavikavum manahpoorvavumaaya anubaadhakalil ninnu undaakunna sidhaanthangal parisodhikkaan modalukalkk kazhiyum; udaaharanathinu, aantelmintik chikitsa aavashyamillaatha mrugangale thirichariyunnathinum anubaadhayude niyanthranathinulla saadhyathayulla thanthrangal nirddeshikkunnathinum genomic sameepanagal upayogikkaamo.
anubaadhayude niyanthranam.
kannukaalikalile nemattod anubadha niyanthrikkunnathinulla reethikale 6 vibhagangalaayi tirikkaam anthelmint chikitsa, mechilppura paripalanam, jaiva niyanthranam, poshaka supplementation, prathirodha kuthivayppu, janithaka prathirodham. oro reethikalkkum athintethaaya gunangalum doshangalumundu.
aantelmintik chikilsayil saadhaaranayaayi onno athiladhikamo broad spectrum marunnukal upayogichu chikitsa ulppedunnu. marunnukal bensimidasolukal, levamisol, macrocyclic lactonukal, amino asettonitrail derivateevukal, spiroindolukal. idungiya spectrum marunnukalum labhyamaan. mayakkumarunnu formulationukal raajyangalkkidayil vyathyaasappedunnu, chila rajyangal maathrame marunnukalude kombineshanukal upayogikkaan anuvadikkunnulloo. antihelmintic chikitsa vilakuranjathum lalithavum phalapradavumaanu, pakshe paraannabhojikalude janasamkhyayil mayakkumarunnu prathirodham vikasikkunnath bheeshanippeduthunnu. paraannabhojikalude janasamkhyayil mayakkumarunnu prathirodhatthinte vikasanam vaikippikkunnathinulla kombineshanukalude upayogam ulppede mayakkumarunnu prathirodhatthinte vikasanam laghookarikkunnathinu niravadhi thanthrangalund. marunnukal valare vilakuranjathum phalapradavumaanu, oru janasamkhyayile ellah mrugangaleyum chikilsikkunnathu saadhaaranayaayi eluppavum vilakuranjathumaayirunnu. ennirunnaalum, ellah vyakthikalkkum chikitsa aavasyamilla, mayakkumarunnu prathirodhatthinte vikasanam vaikippikkunnathin thiranjeduttha mrugangale chikilsikkuka ennathaanu ippol ettavum nalla reethi. eathokke mrugangale chikilsikkanamennu theerumaanikkunnathinulla maanadandangalum chikilsikkaattha janasamkhyayude valupavum sajeevamaaya gaveshanathinte kaaryangalaan.
mechilppura paripaalanathinu saadhaaranayaayi lakshyamidunnathu mechil kannukaalikalkk pullu vitharanam vardhippikkuka ennathaanu, ennaal aadukale badhikkaan labhyamaya anubaadhayulla nemattodukalude ennam kuraykkaanum kazhiyum. stocking saandrata krameekarikkuka, bhramana mechil, rogabaadhithamallaatha mechilppurangalude upayogam, mrugangalkkum sasyangalkkum idayil, vividha inam mrugangalkkum cheruppakkaaraaya mrugangalkkum muthirnna mrugangalkkum idayil mechilppurathinte upayogam enniva oopshanukalil ulppedunnu. mechilppurangal kaikaaryam cheiyunnathu vilakuranjathum lalithavum kuranjathu chila gadakangalenkilum vyaapakamaayi upayogikkappedunnunde ottappedalil valare phalapradamallaathathum apraayogikavumaanu.
duddingtonia flagans" enna fangasinte beejanukkalumaayulla jaiva niyanthranam aduthide austreliyayil licensullathaanu, ithu valare falapradamaanu, pakshe pathivayi, orupakshe dainamdina bhakshanam aavasyamaanu.
poshakaahaara supplementation klinikkal adayaalangal illaathaakkumenkilum valare chelaveriyathaayirikkum. oorjja srothassukalumaayulla anubandhathekkaal pradhaanamaan protein allengil protein ithara naitrajan srothassukalumaayulla anubandham. euria polulla protein ithara srothassukal phalapradavum thaarathamyena vilakuranjathumaanu, ennaal uyarnna alavil vishaamsham ozhivakkaan valia paricharanam aavasyamaanu.
nilavil poornnamaayum vishwasaneeyamaaya vaaksinukalonnumillenge valia purogathi kaivarikkunnund. pothuve, prayamaaya mrugangale samrakshikkunnath thaarathamyena eluppamaanu, ennaal cheruppakkaaraaya mrugangale samrakshikkunnath valare budhimuttaanu.
thaarathamyena prathirodhasheshiyulla inangalaaya texel, cross breeding, selective breeding ennivayude upayogam janithaka prathirodhatthil ulppedunnu. thiranjeduttha prajananathinu valare falapradamaakukayum aantelmintik chikilsayude aavasyakatha eathaandu poornnamaayum illaathaakkukayum cheyyaamenkilum prathyeka vaidagdhyam aavasyamaanu.
niyanthrana reethikalude samyojanam kooduthal phalapradavum susthiravumaanennu mikka vidagtharum karuthunnu. ennirunnaalum, niyanthrana reethikalude ettavum phalapradamaaya samyojanam oro krishiyidathilum vyathyaasappedaam, roopakalppana cheiyunnathinum nadappilaakkunnathinum prathyeka vaidagdhyam aavasyamaanu.

