
gottleab shumachar

amerikkayil janicha sivil enchineeyarum jarmman vamshajayaaya vaasthushilpiyum puraavastu gaveshakan aayirunnu gottleab shumachar (21 november 1857-26 november 1925).
aadyakaala jeevitam.
germmaniyile tubinganil ninnu kudiyeriya maathaapithaakkal ohaayoyile sansvilleyilaanu shumachar janichathu. 1860kalil palestine hyphayil jarmman koolani sthaapicha jarmman protestant vibhagamaaya temple sosaittiyile amgamaayirunnu addehathinte pithaav jacob shumachar. 1869-ll jacob shumachar kudumbathodoppam templer kolaniyil sthirathaamasamaakki, avide addeham mukhya vaasthushilpiyum nirmmathaavumaayi.
currier.
enchineeyar, surveyor, aarkkitekt.
gottleab germmaniyil enchiniyaring padikkukayum pinneedu 1881ll paalastheenilekku madangukayum cheythu.
rodukaludeyum veedukaludeyum nirmmaanatthil addeham valare vegam oru pramukha vyakthiyayi maari. ottomaan sarkkar addehathe aco pravishyayude cheef enchineeyaraayi niyamichu. safed aandu tiberiasile scotish hostalukal, nazaratthile russian hosttal, rishon lessionile roht child vinoryude nilavarakal, kishoon nadikku mukalilulla paalam enniva addehathinte niravadhi kruthikalil ulppedunnu.
derayile hijas reyilveyil ninnu shaakhakalaayi aarambhicha damascus-haifa reyilveyude nirmmaanathinulla thayyaareduppinaayi gollen, hauran, ajlun jillakalile sarway aayirunnu addehathinte ettavum pradhanappetta padhathikalilonnu. ithe vikasanathinte bhaagamaayi addeham haifa thuramukhathinte molum vipuleekarichu. eee sarveykkide addeham eee pradeshangalude aadyathe krithyamaaya bhoopadangal nirmmichu, puraavastu avashishtangaleyum samakaalika gramangaleyum kurichulla vishadamaaya vivaranagal.
1886 muthal addeham "seetshrift dess dushen paalasteena-verencil" thante kandethalukal report cheiyunna lekhanangal prasidheekarichu. eee lekhanangal palasteen paryavekshana fund "traimasa prasthavana" vivarthanathil punarprasidheekarichu. addeham pusthakangalude oru parambara prasidheekarichu, koodaathe fund engleeshil punarprasidheekarikkum cheythu.
puraavastu gaveshakan.
megido.
1903 muthal 1905 vare purathana nagaramaya megidoyude avashishtangal adangiya kunninpuramaaya tell ell-musellim enna sthalathu shoomachar khananagal nadatthi. strattigraphy vaasthuvidya ulkkollunna megidoyekkurichulla addehathinte reportinte aadya vaalyam 1908 ll prasidheekarichu. randaamathe vaalyam, cheria kandethalukalekkurichu oru patanam, 1929 ll kaal vaatsingar prasidheekarikkukayum onnaam lokamahaayudhasamayathu naashathe athijeevicha vasthukkal adangiyirikkukayum cheythu.
thante samakaalikaril mikkavareyum pole, bhoomiyude paalikale vichedikkunnathinekkaal vasthuvidyaa chakravaalangalude shradhaapoorvamaaya neekkathe adisthaanamaakkiyullathaayinu khananathodulla shoomaacharinte sameepanam. ennirunnaalum, aaa divasathe nilavaaramanusarichu jolie shradhaapoorvvam rekhappeduthappettu. khanana pradeshangalude dhaaraalam photographukal upayogichu addehathinte report chithreekarichirikkunnu. vadakku muthal thekk vare cytiludaneelamulla pradhana vibhaagavum vishadamaaya straattigraaphik pooyintukal thithreekarikkunnathinu cheria bhaagangalum ulppedunna lalithavum ennaal manoharavumaaya varacha vibhaagangalum ithil ulppedunnu.
megidoyile addehathinte pradhana khananam cheytha pradesham oru trench <aii. dii. 2> meter (<aii. dii. 1> adii) aayirunnu, athu kunninkoottatthinte madhyabhaagathukoodi vadakku-thekk bhaagathekku ozhukunnu, akkaalat vyaapakamaayi upayogichirunna oru reethiyum troiyil heinrich shleeman nadatthiya khananangalaal swaadheenikkappettathum, ennaal bhaaviyile gaveshakarkk cheria straattigraaphik vivarangal nalkunna reethiyil neekkam cheytha valare valia alavil mannu kaaranam pilkkala puraavastu gaveshakar nirbhaagyakaramaanennu kanakkakki. thaarathamyena cheria eee "tell"-leeii vann edapedal udaaharanathinu, saadhaaranayaayi baibil rajaavaaya shishak ennu thirichariyappedunna faravo sheshonk onnaamante valare pradhanappetta stel shakalathe avaganikkunnathilekku nayichu, ithu pinneedu schumatureude trunch srishticha kuppikalil kandethi, angane athinte yadhaartha straattigraaphik pashchaathalatthil ninnu, dating aavasyangalkku mikkavarum upayogashoonyamaayi. inn sittu" ennu kandethiyaal, sheshonkinte prachaaranakaalam muthal solaman raajaavinte () tharkkatthilulla charitraparamaaya nilanilppumaayi bandhapetta nagarathekkurichulla kaalaanukramika thelivukal stel nalkumaayirunnu.
kuzhiyilvechu schumature ettu thalangal thiricharinju, avaa thaazhe ninnu mukalilekku akkamittu. avayil kaanapedunna manpathrangal prakaram avayil bhooribhaagavum randaam venkalayugathinteyum randaam irumbyugathinteyum madhyakaalakhattatthile kaalaghattam vare kanakkakkaam. addehathinte srishtikal pinneedu chikkago sarvakalaashaalayile ooriyantal instittyoott nadatthiya khananathinu adisthaanamaayirunnu.
megidoyil niravadhi pradhana kettidangal schumature kandethi.
khirbettu eddu-tikke.
addehathinte kandethalukalil khirbettu dickeyile purathana sinagog ulppedunnu.
kazhinja pathittaandukal.
onnaam lokamahaayudham pottippurappettathode templer samoohathile chila amgangal jarmmaniyilekku madangi. 1924ll haifaykkaduthulla carmel parvathatthile thante veettilekku madangunnathuvare shumachar avide thudarnnu, avidevechu 1925ll addeham marichu.
traansjordaante bhoopadangal.
palestine paryaveshanathinaayi jarmman samoohathinu vendi thayyarakkiya transjordanteyum golanteyum schumatureude bhoopadangal eee pradeshatthinte aadyathe vishadamaaya bhoopadangalaayirunnu.

