
serge parajanov

oru armeniyan chalachithra samvidaayakanum thirakkathaakruthumaayirunnu serge parajanov (januvari 9,1924-juulai 20,1990). chalachithra charithratthile ettavum mikachathum swaadheenamullathumaaya chalachitrakaaranmaaril oralaayi chalachithra niroopakarum chalachithra charitrakaaranmaarum chalachithra nirmmaathaakkalum parajanovine kanakkakkunnu.
soshyalist realisathinte maarganirddesha thathwangalkku virudhamaaya swantham sinima shaili parajanov kandupidichu; yuu. ezz. ezz. aaril amgeekrithamaaya eaka kalashaili. ithu, addehathinte jeevitashailiyum perumattavum samyojippichu, soviyatt adhikaarikal addehathe aavarthichu peedippikkaanum thadavilaakkaanum addehathinte sinimakale adichamarthaanum kaaranamaayi. ennirunnaalum, rotterdam anthaaraashtra chalachithrotsavam bhaaviyile 20 chalachithra samvidaayakaril oralaayi parajanovine thiranjedutthu, koodaathe addehathinte sinimakal "kazhchayum shabdavum" ennathukondu ekkaalatheyum mikacha chithrangalil onnaayi sthaanam nedi.
1954ll professional chalachitranirmmaanam aarambhichenkilum 1965nuu munbu thaan nirmmicha ellah chithrangalum 'maalinya' mennu paranju parajanov pinneedu nirasichu. marannupoya poorvvikarude nizhalukal" samvidaanam cheytha sesham, parajanov anthaaraashtra thalatthil amgeekarikkappedukayum yuu. ezz. ezz. aaril ninnulla aakramanangalude lakshyamaavukayum cheythu. 1965 muthal 1973 vareyulla addehathinte mikkavarum ellah chalachithra padhathikalum padhathikalum soviyatt philim administrations (kiv, yerevan), federal (goskino) ennivayil nirodhikkukayo raddaakkukayo adaykkukayo cheythu, 1973 avasaanathode balaalsangam, swavarggalaingikatha, kaikkooli ennee vyaja kuttangal chumatthi addehathe arast cheiyunnathuvare, charchakalonnumillaatheyanu. vividha kalakaaranmaaril ninnu mapp aavasyappettu abhyarthichittum 1977 vare addeham jaililaayirunnu. mochithanayathinusheshavum (1982ll moonnaamatheyum avasaanatheyum thavana addeham arasttilaayi) addeham soviyatt sinimayile oru "noonn grattaa pezhsanal" aayirunnu. 1980kalude madhyathil rashtreeya anthareeksham saanthamaakaan thudangunnathuvare addehathinu samvidaanam punaraarambhikkaan kazhinjilla. ennirunnaalum, addehathinte avasaanathe feature philimukalkku pachakkodi kaattunnathin swaadheenamulla georgian nadan dodo abashidseyudeyum mattu suhruthukkaludeyum sahayam aavasyamaanu. naalu varsham laber kyaambukalilum onpathu maasam tbilisiyile jayililum kazhinjathinu sesham addehathinte aarogyam gurutharamaayi durbalapettu. ekadesham 20 varshathe adichamarthalinu sesham videsha chalachithramelakalil addehathinte sinimakal pradharshippichukondirundu samayathaan 1990 ll parajanov shwaasakosha arbudam baadhichu maranamadanjathu. 1988leeii oru abhimukhathil addeham paranju, "enikku moonnu maathrraajyangalundennu ellaavarkkum ariyaam. njaan jorjiyayil janichu, ukrainil jolie cheythu, njaan armeniyayil marikkaan pookunnu."yerevanile komittaas paanthiyonilaan parajanovine samskarichathu.
maar dell plaita philim festival, istanbul internaashanal philim festival, nika avaardukal, rotterdam internaashanal philim festival, sitjas-kaattalan internaashanal philim festival, saavo poulo internaashanal philim festival thudangiyavayil parajanovinte chithrangal sammanangal nedi. 2010ll bii. eph. aii southbaangil yukeyil oru samagramaya punaravalokana paripadi nadannu. samakaalika kalakaaranaaya maatt kolisha ('retrospector') bii. eph. aii galleryil parajanov prachodanam ulkkonda oru puthiya kammeeshan kammeeshan cheytha laila alexander-gaarattum parajanov specialist elisabetta fabrisiyum chernnaanu retrospective kyoorett cheythath. sinimaykkum kalaykkum samvidaayakan nalkia sambhavanakal charcha cheiyunnathinum aaghoshikkunnathinum vidagthare orumichu konduvarunnathinu paradjanovinte pravarthanangalkkaayi oru symposium samarppichu.
aadyakaala jeevithavum sinimakalum.
jorjiyayile tbilisiyil kalaaparamaayi sammaanicha armeniyan maathaapithaakkalaaya eosyph paradajanovu, siranush bejanova ennivarkku parajanov sarkis hovseppy parajaaniyants (sargees Кооесесече омесесече сераралениет) aayi janichu; ennirunnaalum, yerevanile serhi parajanov myoosiyathil nilanilkkunna charitraparamaaya rekhayil ninnu parajaaniyantukalude kudumbanamam saakshyappeduthunnu. cheruppam muthale addehathinu kalayilekku praveshanam labhichu. 1945-ll addeham moscoylake yaatra cheyyukayum europile ettavum pazhakkameriyathum bahumaanikkappedunnathumaayu philim skoolukalilonnaaya vjikkile directing departmentil cherukayum samvidaayakar igor saavchenkoyudeyum oleksaandar dovshenkoyudeyum samrakshanathil padikkukayum cheythu.
1948ll tbilisiyile nikkolaay mikawa enna emm. jii. bii udyogasthanodoppam swavarggaanuraagathinu (akkaalat soviyatt yooniyanil niyamavirudhamaayirunnu) addeham sikshikkappettu. eee aropanangal pinneedu thettaanenn theliyikkapettu. anchu varshathe thadavinu shikshikkappettenkilum moonnu maasathinu sesham pothumaapp prakaram mochithanaayi. viidiyoo abhimukhangalil, suhruthukkalum bandhukkalum addehathinethire aaropikkapetta ellah kaaryangaludeyum sathyasandhathaye ethirkkunnu. addehathinte vimatha kazhchappaadukalkkulla rashtreeya prathikaaramaayirikkaam shikshayenn avar oohikkunnu.
1950-ll parajanov thante aadya bharyayaaya nigar kerimova moscoyil vachu vivaham kazhichu. oru musleem taattar kudumbatthil ninnu vanna avar parajanovine vivaham kazhikkunnathinayi kizhakkan yaadhaasthithika kristhumathathilekku parivartthanam cheythu. pinneedu mathaparivarthanam kaaranam bandhukkal avale kolappedutthi. avalude kolapaathakathinu sesham parajanov russiayil ninnu ukrainile keevilekku pooyi, avide addeham kurachu dokyumentarikalum ("damka", "golden hands", "nadalia ushvi") orupidi aakhyaana chithrangalum nirmmichu "andreesh" (moldovan ezhuthukaaranaaya emilian bukkovinte oru yakshikkadhaye adisthaanamaakki), "dhii topp gaii" (oru kolkhos myoosikkal), "ukreniyan rhapsody" (oru yudhakaala melodrama), "flover oonn dhii stoon" (donetts thadatthile oru khanana pattanatthilekku nuzhanjukayarunna oru mathaparamaya aaraadhanayekkurich). addeham ukrainian bhashayil praaveenyam nedukayum 1956-ll swetlaana sherbettiyukk allengil swetlaana parajanova ennum ariyappedunna thante randaamathe bhaarya swetlaana ivanivna sherbettiyukk (1938-2020) neey vivaham kazhikkukayum cheythu. sherbettiyukk 1958-ll suren enna oru makanu janmam nalki. oduvil dambathikal vivaahamochanam nedukayum avalum suren ukrainile keevilekku thamasam maarukayum cheythu.
soshyalist realisathil ninnu akannunilkkuka.
andrey tarcovsky aadya chithramaaya "evens childlined" oru chalachithra nirmmathavenna nilayil parajanovinte svayam kandethalil valia swaadheenam chelutthi. pinneedu swaadheenam parasparabandhithamavukayum adhehavum tarkovsky adutha suhruthukkalaakukayum cheythu. mattoru swaadheenam itaaliyan chalachitrakaaranaaya piyar pavlo pasoliniyaayirunnu, addehathe pinneedu parajanov thanikk "oru daivatheppole" ennum "gambheeramaaya shailiyilulla" samvidaayakan ennum visheshippichu. 1965ll parajanov soshyalist realism upekshichu "marannupoya poorvvikarude nizhalukal" enna kaavyathmaka chithram samvidaanam cheythu, athil addehathinu poornnamaaya srishtiparamaaya niyanthranamundaayirunnu. ithu niravadhi anthaaraashtra avaardukal nedukayum thudarnnulla "maathalanaarangayude niratthil" ninnu vyathyasthamayi soviyatt adhikaarikal thaarathamyena nannayi sweekarikkukayum cheythu. ukrainile goskinoyile skript edittoriyal board "emm enna kavyagunavum daarshanika aazhavum ariyikkunnathin" chithrathe prashamsichu. sinimayude bhaashayiloodeyulla kotsyubinskyude katha, "dovshenko studiyoyude gambheeramaaya srishtiparamaaya vijayam" ennu athine visheshippichu."ukraininte ruchi nilanirthunnathinaayi, soviyatt-wide releasinaayi russian bhaashayilekku sambhashanam veendum cheiyunnathinupakaram, yadhaartha ukraine sountraakku kedukoodaathe release cheyyaanulla ukraininte abhyarthana mosco sammathichu. (republic oof orijinu purathu vitharanam cheythirunna russian ithara soviyatt sinimakalude saadhaarana reethiyaayirunnu akkaalat russian dubbing.)
parajanov taamasiyaathe kiv vittu thante poorvvikarude maathrraajyamaaya armeniyayilekku pooyi. thaarathamyena mosham saahacharyangalil chithreekarikkukayum valare cheria bajattullathakkukayum cheythenkilum 1969 ll addeham "seyat nova" enna chithram aarambhichu, ithu addehathinte kireeda nettamaayi palarum kanakkakkunnu. prakopanaparamaaya ulladakkathinu soviyatt censorukal edapedukayum "sayaat nova" nirodhikkukayum cheythu. parajanov thante drishyangal veendum edittu cheyyukayum chithrathinu "maathalanaarangayude niram" ennu punarnaamakaranam cheyyukayum cheythu. nadan alexey korodikov abhiprayappettu "paradjanov karyangal enganeyaanennathinekkurachu, marichu addeham daivamaayirunnenkil avaa enganeyaayirikkumaayirunnu ennathinekkurichaanu sinimakal nirmmichathu."griffit ainstainum nirddeshicha chalachitrabhaashaykku purame," "maathalanaarangayude niram" "vare loka sinima viplavakaramaaya puthiya onnum kandethiyittillenn 1969 ll mikhaayil varthanov ezhuthi"...".
thadavum pinneedu joliyum.
1973 disambarode, soviyatt adhikaarikal parajaanovinte attimari pravanathakalekkurichu, prathyekichu addehathinte ubhaykakshi pravanathayekkurichu kooduthal samshayaalukkalaakukayum "oru communist party amgathe balaalsangam cheythathinum ashleelasaahithyam pracharippichathinum" anchu varsham kadinamaaya thozhil campil shiksha vidhikkukayum cheythu."parajanov shikshikkappedunnathin moonnu divasam munbu, andrey tarkovsky ukrainile communist party kendrakammittikku oru kathu ezhuthi," "kazhinja patthu varshathinide serge paradjanov rund sinimakal maathrame nirmmichittulloo" "nammude marannupoya poorvvikarude nizhalukal", "" "maathalanaarangayude niram". avar aadyam ukrainilum, eee raajyathil mothatthil randaamathum, lokath moonnaamathethum sinimakale swaadheenichittundu. kalaaparamaayi, paraadajaanovinu pakaram nilkkaan kazhiyunna aalukal lokamembaadum kuravaanu. avan kuttakkaranaanu-eakaanthathayude kuttakkaranaanu. ellah divasavum avanekkurichu chinthikkaatthathilum oru yajamanante praadhaanyam kandethunnathil paraajayappettathilum naam kuttakkaraanu."kalakaaranmaar, abhinethaakkal, chalachithra pravartthakar, pravartthakar ennivarude oru koottam kalakaaranmaar parajanovine udan mochippikkanamennu aavasyappettu addehathinu vendi prathishedhichu. avaril roobert dii neero, francis foord koppola, martin scorsese, leonid guidey, eldar ryasanov, yavs sent laurent, marcello mastroyani, francois sagon, jeane-luke goddard, francois truffot, luis boonuval, federico fellini, mishelanchalo antonioni, andrey tarkovsky, mikhaayil vartanov ennivarum ulppedunnu.
parajanov thante anchu varshathe shikshayil ninnu naalu varsham thadavil kazhiyukayum pinneedu franch sarriyalist kaviyum novalistumaaya luis aragon, russian kavi elsa thrillat (aragoninte bhaarya), american ezhuthukaaran joonn updike ennivarude parisramangalkku thante aadyakaala mochanam nalkukayum cheythu. moscoyile bolshoi thiyettaril aragonumaayum trillattumaayum breshnev koodikkaazhcha nadathiyathinte anantharafalamaayi soviyatt union communist party general sekrattari leonid breshnev addehathe neratthe mochippikkaan anumathi nalki. enthengilum sahayam cheyyaan kazhiyumo ennu breshnev chodichappol, 1977 disambarode praabalyatthil vanna parajaanovine mochippikkaan aragon abhyarthichu.
thadavilaayirunnappol, parajanov dhaaraalam miniyechar paava polulla silpangalum (avayil chilath nashtappettu) 800 oolam droingukalum kolaashukalum nirmmichu, avayil palathum pinneedu serhi parajanov museum ippol sthiramaayi sthithicheyyunna yerevanil pradharshippichu. (parajanovinte maranathinu oru varshathinu sesham 1991 ll thuranna myoosiyathil 200 ladhikam kruthikalum tbilisiyile addehathinte veettil ninnulla furnitureukalum undu.) campile addehathinte sramangal jayil gaardukal aavarthichu vittuveezhcha cheythu, avar addehathinu vasthukkal nishedhikkukayum addehathe bhraanthan ennu vilikkukayum cheythu, "samvidaayakan valare kazhivullavananu" ennu moscoyil ninnulla oru prasthavana sammathichathinushesham maathramaan avarude krooratha kuranjathu."
jayilil ninnu tbilisiyilekku madangiyethiya sesham, soviyatt censorukalude sookshumamaaya nireekshanam parajanovine thante sinima pravartthanangal thudarunnathil ninnu thadayukayum jayilil ayirunna samayat addeham pariposhippicha kalaparamaaya autlettukalilekku nayikkukayum cheythu. asaadhaaranamaaya sankeernamaaya kolaashukal addeham nirmmikkukayum amoorthamaaya droingukalude oru valia shekharam srishtikkukayum kooduthal paavakalum chila vichitramaaya syoottukalum thayyal cheyth noonn-cinematic kalayude mattu niravadhi vazhikal pinthudarukayum cheythu.
1982 februvariyil parajanov veendum kaikkoolikkuttam chumatthi jayililadaykkappettu, ithu taganka thiyettaril vladymyr vaisotsky anusmarippikkunna oru naadakatthinte premiyarinaayi moscoylake madangiyathinodanubandhichaayu, oru paridhivare thanthrangalkk vidheyanaayi. mattoru kadinamaaya shiksha labhichittum, aarogyanila gurutharamaayi durbalamaayathinaal oru varshathinullil addeham mochithanaayi.
1985ll soviyatt unionile mandagathiyilulla urukkal sinimayodulla abhinivesham punaraarambhikkaan parajanovine prerippichu. vividha georgian budhijeevikalude prothsaahanathode, pathinanju varsham munbu daniel chongadseyude oru novaline adisthaanamaakki addeham onniladhikam avaardukal nediya "dhii legend oof sooram fort" enna chithram srishtichu, ithu "seyat nova" kku sesham sinimayilekkulla thante aadya thirichuvaravaanu. 1988ll, mikhaayil lermondovinte kathaye adisthaanamaakki parajanov mattoru multy award nediya chithramaaya "ashiq kerib" nirmmichu. azarbaijani samskaarathil nadakkunna oru alanjuthiriyunna minstralinte kathayaanithu. parajanov thante adutha suhruthaaya andrey tharkovskikkum "lokathile ellah kuttikalkkum" chithram samarppichu.
maranam.
thudarnnu parajanov thante avasana padhathi poortthiyaakkaan shramichu. 1990 juulai 20 nuu armeniyayile yerevanil 66-aamm vayassil addeham cancer baadhichu marichu, eee avasana kruthiyaaya "kuttasammatham" poortthiyaakaathe avasheshichu. 1992ll addehathinte utta suhruthu mikhaayil varthanov srishticha "" federico felini, tonino gyoora, francesco rossie, alberto moravia, giuliyetta massina, marcello mastroyani, bernado bertoluchi ennivar addehathinte maranathil parasyamaayi anushochanam rekhappeduthiyavaril ulppedunnu. avar russiayilekku oru telegram ayachu "sinima lokathinu oru maanthrikane nashtappettu. parajanovinte faantasi ekkaalavum aakarshikkukayum lokathile janangalkk santhosham nalkukayum cheyyum....
swaadheenangalum paarambaryavum.
vajikile sinima padichenkilum, soviyatt samvidaayakanum andrey tharkovsky swapnasamaanamaaya aadya chithramaaya "ivaante kuttikkalam" kandathinuseshamaanu parajanov thante kalaparamaaya paatha kandethiyathu.
samayathil yaatra" enna jeevacharithraathmaka chithratthil ("ellaayppozhum valia nandiyodum santhoshathodum koodi njaan serge parajanovinte sinimakale oorkkunnu, athu njaan valareyadhikam eshtappedunnu") parajanovine tarkovsky thanne valareyadhikam abhinandichu. addehathinte chintareeti, vairudhyaathmakavum kavyathmakavum... soundaryathe snehikkaanulla kazhivum swantham kazhchaykkullil thikachum swathanthranaayirikkaanulla kazhivum "). athe chithratthil tarkovsky paraamarshichathu thante priyappetta chalachithra nirmmaathaakkalil oraalaan parajanov ennaanu.
itaaliyan chalachithra nirmmathaavaaya michelanchalo antonioni prasthaavichathu "samakaalika chalachithra samvidaayakaril ettavum mikacha oralaaya parajanov maathalanaarangayude niram athinte soundaryathinte poornathayode adichelppikkunnu ennaanu.american chalachitrakaaranaaya francis foord koppola parajanovine prashamsichu. franch chalachithra samvidaayakanaaya jeane-luke goddard prasthaavichathu "sinimayude kshethrathil chithrangalum prakashavum yaadhaarthyavumundu" ennaanu. serge parajanov aayirunnu aaa kshethrathinte yajamanan.
addehathinte kalaye valareyadhikam aaraadhakaraanenkilum addehathinte kaazhchappaad adhikam anuyaayikale aakarshichilla. "enne anukarikkaan aarenkilum sramichaal avarkk nashtamakum", addeham paranju. ennirunnaalum, theo aanchalopoulos, belah taar, mohsen makhmalbaaf thudangiya samvidaayakar oru aakhyaana upakaranamennathilupari praadhamikamaayi drishya maadyamamenna nilayil sinimayodulla parajanovinte sameepanam pankidunnu.
serji parajaanovinteyum mikhaayil varthaanovinteyum kalaparamaaya paarambaryangal padikkunnathinum samrakshikkunnathinum prolsaahippikkunnathi 2010laanu hollywoodil parajanov-varthanov instittyoott sthaapithamaayathu.
thirakkadhakal.
nirmmikkaatha thirakkadhakalum padhathikalum.
addehathinte padhathikalil, long fellooyude "hiyaavathayude gaanam", shakespearinte "hyaamlet", goytheyude "faust", pazhaya kizhakkan slavik kavita "dhii stoli oof egorinte kaambeyn" enniva sweekarikkaanulla padhathikalum undaayirunnu, ennaal ivayude chalachithra thirakkatha orikkalum poorthiyaayittilla.
grandhasoochika.
serji parajaanovinekkurichulla pusthakangaludeyum pandithochithamaaya lekhanangaludeyum thiranjeduttha grandhasoochika.