paarkk benchamin juuniyar.

paarkk benchamin (1849-1922) oru american pettant abhibhashakanum ezhuthukaaranumaayirunnu. newyork nagaratthil janicha addeham 1867ll yunaittad stetts neval academyil ninnu birudam nedi, 1869ll navikasenayil ninnu raajivachu, adutha varsham albani loow schoolil ninnu birudam nedi. 1872 muthal 1878 vare "dhii scientific american" enna pusthakatthinte associate edittaraayirunna addeham pinneedu aappilttaninte "cyclopedia oof uplied mechanics", "cyclopedia oof moden mechanism" enniva edittu cheythu. oopparattik tainer enrico karusoyude bhaaryaasahodaranaayum addeham prashasthanaan.
aadyakaala jeevitam.
paarkk benchamin juuniyar. 1849ll newyorkkil janicha addehathinte pithaav paarkk benchamin ezz. aarr.kavi, edittar, niravadhi pathrangalude sthaapakan ennee nilakalil addeham thante kaalath angeyattam prashasthanaayirunnu.
paarkk benchamin yuu. esil ninnu birudam nedi.ezz. 1867ll naavika akkadami, aaa varsham academyude addehathinte kothupanikalude oru pusthakam prasidheekarichu. navikasenayil ninnu raajivacha addeham oru varshathe loow schoolil padichathinushesham 1870ll newyork baaril praveshanam nedi. union collegil ninnu shaasthram padikkukayum phd nedukayum cheythu.dii. 1877-ll doktarettu poortthiyaakkunnathinu munbu addeham "scientific american" (1872-78)-nte asisttant edittaraayum pinneedu "appletons cyclopedia oof uplied mechanics" (1879-96)-nte edittar-inn-cheefaayum pravarthichu. benchamin "scientific american" enna sthaapanathil jolie cheyyaan thudangumbozhekkum athu shaasthrathinte vaanijya vashavumaayum kandupiduthangalude patentingumaayum kooduthal bandhappettirunnu. thomas edison thante phonograph pettant agencic konduvannappol addeham edittaraayirunnu, 1877 leeii oru lakkathil athinte upayogangal aadyamaayi vivarikkapettu. edison ilaya sahodaran doow. jorjju benchamin aappilttaninte pii.bii. editting thudangi.
37 paarkk varii.
aaa edittarshippukalkkidayil, 37 paarkk nirayil, parasyavum prachaarana sahayavum vaagdaanam cheiyunna oru "shaasthreeya vidagdha oafees", athupole kandupiduthakkaarkkum nirmmathaakkalkkum metallurgical, kemikkal vaidagdhyam enniva benchamin sthaapichu. vaidyuthiyude charithrathekkurichu benchamin moonnu pusthakangal ezhuthi, onnu voltaic sellilum onnu yuu.ezz. naavika akkadami. pilkkala "scientific american" edittar joonn bernard wackerepole, naavikasenayilum theeradesha prathirodhatthilum, prathyekichu vadakkukizhakkan theerapradeshathum addehathinu valare thaalpparyamundaayirunnu. huu ees huu" enna vaakkinte adisthaanathil, naavikasenayude aparyaapthathayekkurichu munnariyipp nalkunnathinaayi addeham 1881-ll ezhuthiya "newyorkkinte avasaanam" enna kathayiloode oru mathipp srishtichu. lakshyangalkk mukaliloode pongikkidakkaanum bombukal vidaan kazhiyunnathumaaya baloonukal ithil ulkkollunnu; oru varsham munbu baloon aayudhangalude apakadangalekkurichu munnariyipp nalkikkond addeham oru lekhanam ezhuthiyirunnu. 1849ll vimatha veneshyakkaarkkethire austriya aadyamaayi srishticha uparodha reethi upayogichirunnuvennum baloon bombukal vijayamaayirunnuvennum avayude upayogam akkaalat "scientific american" enna pusthakatthil report cheyyappettirunnuvennum addeham paranju. muppath varshathinusesham benchamin ithine newyorkkinu bheeshaniyaayi kaanunnath enthukondaanennu archariam? "vishayam valare dayaneeyamaanu", 1885-ll katha veendum achadichappol "nassav saahitya maasika" ezhuthi, "ithivritham valare lalithamaanu... athinte thaalparyam athinte puthumayilninnu maathramaan uruthirinjathu."
oru fiction ezhuthukaaranaayi arangettam.
benchaminte kathayaaya "newyorkkinte avasaanam" pathukkeyaanennum chilappol naavika vishadaamshangalil kattiyullathaanennum thonniyekkaam, pakshe ithu american kathaasaahithyathile oru savisheshamaaya uthbhavakendramaanu. jorjju chesniyude "dhaa baattil oof doorking" (1871) enna shailiyile aadya kathayaayirunnu ithu; eee samahaarathile mattu aarr kadhakalenkilum aaa vibhaagathil pedunnu, benchaminte katha adutha ezhu varshathinu munbullathaanu. oru saangalppika adhiniveshathe vivarikkunnathiloodeyum rachayithaavinte swantham raajya prathirodhatthinte balaheenatakal thurannukaattunnathinulla vyakthamaaya uddeshyathodeyum aaa prathirodhangal engane mechappeduthaamennu kaanikkunnathiloodeyum eee kathakal nirvachikkappedunnu. eee adhinivesha kathakalil palathum prashastha samakaalikare kathaapaathrangalaayi upayogikkunnu, ennaal kyapttan greer, lefttanant commander jewellery, vais admiral rowan (randaam adhyaayathinte avasaanam) thudangiya eee yadhaartha aalukalil chilare kollunnath benchaminte katha maathramaan. theruvukalilekku edinjuveezhunna nirddishta kettidangaleyum nagaratthinte naashatheyum kootta ozhippikkalineyum athinte bhayanakamaaya vishadaamshangalil vivarikkunna aadyathe newyork kathayaanu addehathinte kruthi.
kudumbabandhangal vashalaakunnu.
1918-ll benchaminte makal 25 kaariyaya dorothy 45 kaaranaya ooppara thaaramaya enrico karusoykkoppam olichodi. akkaalat lokathile ettavum prashasthamaaya tenaraayirunnu karuso. benchamin thudakkathil vivaahathin amgeekaaram nalkiyengilum pinneedu avarude praayam, deseeyatha, swabhaavam ennivayile vyathyaasangal choondikkaatti thante sammatham pinvalichu."dorothy mootha sahodariyum aaa varsham vivahithayaayi, benchamin avalude vivaahathil prathyakshatthil pankedutthirunnilla.
1919-ll benchamin dorothy deerghakaala gavarnaraaya anna emm-neey niyamaparamaayi dathedutthu. bolchi, addehathinte makalaayi. addehathinte bhaarya asukhabaadhithayaayirunnu, akkaalat oru saaniteriyathilaanu thaamasichirunnathu. 1921ll 48-aamm vayassil enrico karusoy adutha varsham 74-aamm vayassil connectikkattile staamfordilulla venalkkaala vasathiyil vachu benchamin marikkukayum cheythu. addeham marikkumbol dorothy ozhikeyulla addehathinte makkalellaam addehathinte kidakkayude arikil undaayirunnu.
benchamin thante oro jeevashasthraparamaaya kuttikalum oru dollar veetham thante ishtaprakaaram upekshichu. datheduttha sthreeyaaya oru itaaliyan kudiyettakkaariye ekadesham araa dasalaksham dollar vilamathikkunna estettinte bhooribhaagavum avasheshippichirunnu. benchaminte vilppathrathinte vaachakam pathrangalil achadikkukayum kuttikalekkurichu kadutha paraamarshangal nadathukayum cheythu. "avarude deerghakaalamaayulla, sthirathayulla, kadappaadillaatha, nishfalamaaya perumaattam kaaranam avar" "paraannabhojikalekkaalum enne dhikkarichavarekkaalum kuttikalaayi kurachumaathrame pravarthichittulloo."benchaminte vidhava, addeham marichu moonnaazhcha kazhinju 56-aamm vayassil, saanitteriyathil vachu marichu, ithu bolchiye estettinte poornna niyanthranathilaakki. thudarnnu kuttikal niravadhi kaaranangalal ichhaashakthiye ethirkkaan cases phayal cheyyukayum aarr maasathinu sesham bolchi saambathika othutheerppu vaagdaanam cheythappol cases upekshikkukayum cheythu. addehathinte maranathinu oru varshathinu sesham, bolchi benchaminte charam addehathinte aagrahamanusarichu atlaantik samudrathinte krithyamaaya madhyathil chitharichu. eathaanum maasangalkk sesham landanilvechu bolchi benchaminte abhibhashakanaaya benchamin fulmane vivaham kazhichu. samshayaaspadamaayi, abhibhaashakan benchaminte ishtavum bhaavi bharya datthedukkalum thayyarakkiyirunnu.
prasidheekaranangal.
ivide pattikappedutthiyirikku enangalkku purame, benchamin shaasthra vishayangal kaikaaryam cheiyunna niravadhi maasika lekhanangalum ezhuthi.

