
luis riyel

oru canadian raashtreeyakkaaranum manittoba pravishyayude sthaapakanum mettis janathayude rashtreeya neethaavumaayirunnu luis riyel (;;; 22 october 1844-16 november 1885). canada sarkkarinum athinte aadya pradhaanamantri joonn aykkum ethire rund prathirodha prasthaanangalkk addeham neethrthwam nalki. mcdonald. vadakkupadinjaaran pradeshangal kramena kaanadayude swaadheena mekhalaykku keezhil vannathinaal mettisinte avakashangalum swathwavum samrakshikkaan riyel shramichu.
realinte neethrthwathilulla aadyathe prathirodha prasthaanam 1869-1870-nte redu rivar resistans aayirunnu. real sthaapicha thaalkkaalika sarkkar aathyanthikamayi puthiya pravisyayaaya manittoba canaden konfedareshanil praveshicha nibandhanakal charcha cheythu. ennirunnaalum, cheruthunilppu nadathumbol, reeline oru canadian desheeyavaadiyaaya thomas scott vadhichu. prosecutionil ninnu rakshappedaan reel taamasiyaathe amerikkayilekku palayanam cheythu. moonnu thavana house oof komansil amgamaayi thiranjedukkappettenkum jeevan bhayann addehathinu orikkalum seett nedaan kazhinjilla. pravaasatthinte eee varshangalil thaan daivathaal thiranjedukkappetta nethaavum pravaachakanumaanennu addeham vishwasichu. mondaana pradeshathu naadukadatthappettirikke 1881ll addeham vivaham kazhichu.
1884-ll suscatchweynile mettis nethaakkal reeline canaden sarkkarumaayulla deerghakaala paraathikal pariharikkan sahayikkaan vilichu, ithu sarkkar senayumaayi sayudha samghattanathilekku nayichu 1885-leeii vadakkupadinjaaran kalapam. battoche yudhathil parajayappetta reeline rejeenayil thadavilaakki, avide addeham uyarnna raajyadrohakkuttam chumatthi sikshikkappettu. prathishedhangalum janakeeya appeelukalum dayaaharjikkulla jooriyude ahvaanavum undaayirunnittum reeline thookkikkonnu. franch kaanadakkar reeline oru veerochitha irayaayi kandu; addehathinte vadhasiksha kaanadayil shaashvathamaaya prathikoola swaadheenam chelutthi, vamseeya-mathaparamaya adisthaanathil puthiya raajyathe dhruveekarichu. engleesh aadhipathyam vardhichuvarunna bhooripakshathaal prairy pravisyakalil mettikal paarshwalkkarikkappettu. kaanadayiludaneelamulla francophoneukal anubhavicha kadutha anyavalkkaranavum avarude naattukaarude adichamarthalinethiraaya roshavum deerghakaala prathyaaghaathamaayirunnu.
apakadakaramaaya mathabhranthanum canaden raashtrathe ethirkkunna vimathanumaya chithreekaranangalkkidayil reeline charitraparamaaya prashasthi valarekkaalamaayi dhruveekarikkappettittund, ithinu vipareethamaayi, orancheman aadipathyamulla ontaariyo kudiyettakkaarkku bhoomiyilekku munganana nalkaan aagrahikkunna federal gavanmentinte anyayamaaya kaiyettangalil ninnu thante janataye samrakshikkaan uddeshikkunna oru charismetic nethaavenna nilayil. kaanadayude charithratthile eathoru vyakthiyeyum kurichulla ettavum aupachaarikamaaya samghadanaaparavum akkaadamikavumaaya sookshumaparishodhana reelinu labhichittund.
aadyakaala jeevitam.
hudson bay kambani (echbisi) niyanthrikkunna rooparttinte bhoopradeshamaayirunnu redu rivar settilment. pathonpathaam noottaandinte madhyathil eee vaasasthalathu pradhaanamaayum onnaamlokathinte europian vamshajaraaya mishraraajyangalile mettis janatha adhivasichirunnu, avarude poorvvikar bhooribhaagavum scotish, engleesh purushanmarayirunnu, avare kree sthreekale vivaham kazhichu, franch-canadian purushanmaar soultto (plains oojibve) sthreekale vivaham kazhichu.
1844ll chuvapp, saine nadikalude forkinu sameepamulla sent bonifaceile muthasshimaarude ottamuri veettilaanu luis riyel janichathu. praadeshikamaayi bahumaanikkappedunna oru kudumbatthile pathinonnu makkalil moothayaalaayirunnu rail. franco-chippevian mettis vamshajanaanenna nilayil addehathinte pithaav, echu. bii. siyude charitraparamaaya vyapara kuthakaye velluvilikkaan shramicha mettisaaya gillom seyarine pinthunacha oru samghathe samghadippichukondu eee samoohathil praadhaanyam nediyirunnu. luis esaarinte prakshobhangal kaaranam seyarinte aathyanthika mochanam.'eee samgham kuthaka phalapradamaayi avasaanippichu, athinaal riyel enna peru redu rivar eriyayil ariyapettu. 1812ll chuvanna nadiyil sthirathaamasamaakkiya aadyakaala europian vamshajaraaya kudumbangalilonnaya jeane-baptist lagimodiyerinteyum maari-aan gaboriyudeyum makalaayirunnu addehathinte amma. reelukal avarude bhakthiyulla catholica vishwaasathinum sakthamaaya kudumbabandhangalkkum perukettavaraayirunnu.
ezhaam vayassil school vidyaabhyaasam aarambhicha rail patthaam vayassil sent. oduvil franch kristhyan sahodaranmaar nadathunna oru school ulppede boniface catholica schoolukal. pathimoonnaam vayassil addeham prathibhaashaalikalaaya yuva mettikalkkaayi pourohithyathe aakaamkshayode prothsaahippicha bishop alexandre tacheyude sradhayilppettu. 1858-ll tache pettitt seminaire dii montriyalinte pettitt semineyaril pankedukkaan reeline krameekarichu. akkaalathe addehathinte vivaranagal soochippikkunnathu addeham bhashakal, shaasthram, thathwachintha ennivayude mikacha pandithanaayirunnu ennaanu. oru nalla vidyaarthiyaayirikke, addeham kadutha swabhaavakkaaranum, thante kaazhchappaadukalil theevran, vimarshanathodum ethirppinodum asahishnutayullavanum, thante adhyapakarumaayi tharkkikkunnathine athirkkaathavanumaayirunnu.
1864-ll pithaavinte akaala maranavaarthayethudarnnu, reelinu pourohithyathodulla thaalparyam nashtappedukayum 1865 maarchil collegil ninnu pinmaarukayum cheythu. kurachu samayathekku, gray kanyaasthreekal thamasikkunna konventil oru divasathe vidyaarthiyaayi addeham patanam thudarnnu, ennaal achadakka lamghanangalethudarnnu taamasiyaathe pookaan aavasyappettu. realinte pithaavinte vilaapakaalath, luis real marichathupole thanne marseyilil ninnulla oru joothanaaya david morddekhaay aanennum david enna nilayil thante pithaavinte aparamaaya anantharaavakaashathinu arhanallennum addeham vishwasichu (vaasthavathil, athinu valia moolyamillaayirunnu). mathaparamaya aaveshathil muzhukiya addeham oru puthiya matha prasthaanam roopeekarikkaan pookunnuvennu prakhyaapichu. oru varshathilere addeham montriyalil thaamasikkukayum thante ammayiyaaya lucie realinte veettil thaamasikkukayum cheythu. pithaavinte maranathode daridranaaya rail rodolph laflaminte montriyal offeesil niyama clerkaayi jolie cheythu. eee samayat maari-juulii gwernon enna yuvathiyumaayi addeham oru parajayappetta pranayabandhathil earppettirunnu. ithu oru vivaha karaaril oppuvacha relineppoleyaanu purogamichathu, ennaal addehathinte prathisrutha vadhuvinte kudumbam oru vivaahanishchayavumaayi avalkk edapazhakunnathine ethirkkukayum taamasiyaathe vivaahanischayam avasaanikkukayum cheythu. eee nirasha koottikkondu, niyamaparamaaya jolie asukhakaramaanennu riyel kandethukayum 1866-nte thudakkathil canada kizhakk vidaan theerumaanikkukayum cheythu. kavi luis-oonare frechettinoppam thaamasikkumbol addeham chikkaagoyil vichitramaaya jolikal cheythuvennum lamartin reethiyil kavithakal ezhuthiyittundennum 1868 juulai 26 nuu redu rivar settilmentilekku madangunnathinumumbu addeham minisottayile sent poolil clerkaayi hrasvamaayi jolie cheythirunnuvennum addehathinte chila suhruthukkal pinneedu paranju.
chuvanna nadiyude prathirodham.
chuvanna nadiyile bhooribhaagam janangalum charitraparamaayi mettisum aadya raajyangalile janangalumaayirunnu. madangiyethiyappol, ontaariyoyil ninnulla aamglophon protestant kudiyettakkaarude varavu mathaparavum deseeyavum vamsheeyavumaaya pirimurukkangal vardhippichathaayi riyel kandethi. hudson bay kambaniyil ninnu rooparttinte bhoomi kaanadayilekk kaimarunnathinulla charchakal nadannukondirunnathinaal rashtreeya sahacharyavum anishchithathvathilaayirunnu. mettis kaazhchappaadukalude koodiyaalochanayudeyum parigananayudeyum abhavam aswasthathaykku kaaranamaakumenn bishop tack echbisi govarnor vilyam mactavish mcdonald sarkkaarin munnariyipp nalki. oduvil, kaanadayude pothumaraamathu mantri vilyam mcdoggle eee pradeshathu oru surveik utharavittu. 1869 august 20 nuu oru sarway party varavu tounshippukalude (oru american samvidaanam) grid samvidaanamaayi sarway nadathunnathukondu nilavilulla mettis rivar lottukal murichukadakkunnathinal mettis idayil uthkanda vardhippichu.
august avasaanathode, riyel oru prasamgatthil survey apalapikkukayum 1869 october 11 nuu riyel ulppedeyulla oru koottam mettikal sarveyude pravartthanatthe thadassappeduthukayum cheythu. reeline sekrattariyaayum joonn broosine presidentaayum thiranjedutthu eee samgham october 16 nuu "mettisinte deseeya kammitti" aayi svayam samghadippichu. thante pravartthanangal vishadeekarikkaan echbisi niyantritha asinibiyoya kaunsil vilichuvaruthiyappol, ottaava aadyam mettisumaayi charchakal nadathaathe adikaaram ettedukkaanulla kaanadayude eathu shramavum malsarikkumennu riyel prakhyaapichu. ennirunnaalum, dwibhasha allatha mcdogaline lefttanant govarnoraayi niyamikkukayum november 2 nuu settilmentil praveshikkaan sramikkukayum cheythu. mcdogalinte party canada-us athirthikkaduthu thirichayakkukayum athe divasam thanne realinte neethrthwathil mettis fort gaari pidichedukkukayum cheythu.
november 6 nuu, oru pravartthanareethi charcha cheiyunnathinaayi mettis prathinidikalkkoppam oru kanvenshanil pankedukkaan riyel aamglophonukale kshanichu, desember 1 nuu addeham eee kanvenshanil union vyavasthayaayi aavashyappedenda avakaashangalude oru pattika nirddeshichu. othutheerppinte bhooribhaagavum mettis kaazhchappaad sweekarikkaan vannuvenkilum abhiniveshathode canadian anukoola nyoonapakshamaaya oru vibhaagam ethirthu samghadippikkaan thudangi. canadian party roopeekaricha eee groupinu joonn kristhyan shults, chaals meyar, kenal joonn stouttan dennis, kooduthal mounam palikkunna mejar chaals bolton ennivar neethrthwam nalki. saayudharude oru samghathe roopeekarikkaan dennisinu adikaaram nalkikkond mcdoggle thante adikaaram urappikkaan shramichuvenkilum aamglophon kudiyettakkaar aayudhangalilekkulla eee ahvaanam avaganichu. ennirunnaalum, shults ekadesham ambatholam recruitmentukale aakarshikkukayum thante veedum kadayum shakthippeduthukayum cheythu. shultsinte veedu valayanamennu riyel utharavittu, adhikam ennamulla kanediyanmaar taamasiyaathe keezhadangukayum upper fort gaariyil thadavilaakkappedukayum cheythu.
thaalkkaalika sarkkar.
aswasthathayekkurichu ketta ottaava echbisi prathinidhi donald alexander smith ulppede moonnu doothanmaare chuvanna nadiyilekku ayachu. avar yaathraamadhye, mettis deseeya kammitti desember 8nuu oru thaalkkaalika sarkkar prakhyaapichu, desember 27nuu riyel athinte presidentaayi.
1870 januvari 5,6 theeyathikalil reel ottaava prathinidhisamghavum thammilulla koodikkaazhchakal nadannu. iva nishfalamaayappol, oru pothu foratthil thante cases avatharippikkan smith theerumaanichu. januvari 19,20 theeyathikalil nadanna valia yogangalkk sesham, smithinte nirddeshangal pariganikkunnathinayi francophone aamglophon kudiyettakkaarum thammil thulyamaayi vibhajikkapetta oru puthiya kanvenshan roopeekarikkaan riyel nirddeshichu. februvari 7 nuu ottaava prathinidhi samghathinu avakaashangalude oru puthiya pattika samarppikkukayum athinte adisthaanathil nerittulla charchakalil earppedaan prathinidhikale ottaavayilekku ayaykkaan smith reel sammathikkukayum cheythu. luis riyel sthaapicha thaalkkaalika sarkkar "puthiya raashtram" enna peril svanthamaayi oru pathram prasidheekarikkukayum niyamangal passacan asinibiyoya niyamasabha sthaapikkukayum cheythu. 1870 march 9 muthal juun 24 vare pravarthicha aasiniboya niyamasabhayaan redu rivar settilmentil aadyamaayi thiranjedukkappetta sarkkar. asambliyil oru president, luis riyel, oru executive kaunsil (sarkkar manthrisabha), adjattant general (cheef oof milittari staaf), cheef justice, clark ennivarulppede 28 thiranjedukkappetta prathinidhikalundaayirunnu.
thomas skottinte vadhasiksha.
raashtreeyarangathu purogathi undaayirunnittum, canaden party thaalkkaalika sarkkaarinethire goodaalochana thudarnnu. reeline attimarikkaan avar anuyaayikale niyamikkaan shramichu. ennirunnaalum, februvari 17 nuu bolton, thomas scott ennivarulppede naalppathiyettu pere fort gaariykk sameepam arast cheythappol avarkk oru thirichadi nerittu.
ambroise-diadime lepaininte neethrthwathilulla oru tribunal boltone vichaarana cheyyukayum thaalkkaalika sarkkaarile edapedalinaayi vadhasiksha vidhikkukayum cheythu. addehathinu mapp nalkappettu, pakshe scott ithine thuranna avahelanathode kanakkakkiya mettissinte balaheenathayaayi vyaakhyaanichu. scott thante kaavalkkaarumaayi aavarthichu vazhakkittathinushesham, avar addehathe anusarikkaathathinu vichaarana cheyyanamennu nirbandhichu. court marshalil addeham kuttakkaaranaanennu kandethukayum vadhashikshaykk vidhikkappedukayum cheythu. shiksha kuraykkaan relinode aavarthichu abhyarthichenkilum relinode marupadi paranju, "njaan aarambhichathinusesham njaan moonnu nalla karyangal cheythittunda ningalude aavasyaprakaaram njaan boltante jeevan rakshichu, njaan gadic mapp nalki, ippol njaan skottine vedivaykkum."
march 4nuu mettis firing squad skottine udan vadhichu. realinte prachodanangalaanu valareyadhikam oohaapohangalkku kaaranamaayath, ennaal mettis gauravamaayi edukkanamennu kaanadakkaarkk kaanichukodukkendathu aavasyamaanennu addehathinu thonni ennathaanu addehathinte nyaayeekaranam. protestant canada shradhikkukayum prathikaram cheiyumennu prathijnjayedukkukayum avarude rosham samaharikkunnathinaayi "canada aadyam" prasthaanam aarambikkukayum cheythu. rayal jeevacharithrakaaran luis thomas abhipraayappettath "aalukal pinneedu paranjathupole, ithu realinte oru valia rashtreeya mandatharamaayirunnu" ennaanu.
manittobayudeyum volseli paryaveshanathinteyum srishti.
thaalkkaalika sarkkaarine prathinidheekarikkunna prathinidhikal eprilil ottaavayilethi. skottinte vadhasikshayil ninnu undaakunna niyamaparamaaya budhimuttukal avar thudakkathil nerittittundenkilum taamasiyaathe avar mcdonald, jorjju-ettiyen cartier ennivarumaayi nerittu charcha nadatthi. bhasha, mathaparamaya, bhoomi avakashangal (pothu bhoomiyude udamasthaavakaasham ozhike) ulppede avakaashangalude pattikayile niravadhi aavasyangal kakshikal amgeekarichu. eee karar manittoba niyamatthinte adisthaanam roopeekarichu, ithu maanittobaye canaden konfedareshanil audyogikamaayi praveshippichu; asiniboyayude niyamanirmmaana sabha ekakandamaayi cherunnathine pinthunachu. ennirunnaalum, charchakalkku thaalkkaalika sarkkaarin pothumaapp nalkaan kazhinjilla; ithu britiish sarkkarinulla oru chodyamaanennu cartier abhiprayappettu.
kudiyettatthil canadian adikaaram prayogikkunnathinum american vipuleekaranavaadikale pinthirippikkunnathinnu oru maarggamaayi, kenal gaarnett volselic keezhilulla oru canadian sainika paryaveshanam chuvanna nadiyilekku ayachu. sarkkar ithine "samadhaanathinte pravrithi" ennu visheshippichenkilum, paryaveshanatthile canadian milishya gadakangal thanne kollanaanu uddeshikkunnathennu riyel manassilakki.
idakkaala varshangal.
pothumaapp chodyam.
1870 septambar 2 vare puthiya lefttanant govarnor aadams jorjju archibald ethi sivil gavanment sthaapikkaan theerumaanichu. pothumaapp nalkaathe, canadian milishya thante jeevan apakadathilaakkiyathinaal, riyel sent. dakota pradeshathe canada-us athirthikkappurathulla josephinte dauthyam. 1870 desemberile aadyathe pravishya thiranjeduppinte phalangal addehathinte anuyaayikalil palarum adhikaarathil vannathinaal reelinu prateeksha nalkunnathaayirunnu. ennirunnaalum, sammarddavum saambathika prashnangalum gurutharamaaya oru rogathinu kaaranamaayi-orupakshe addehathinte bhaaviyile maanasika durithangalude munnirayayirikkaam-athu 1871 meyy vare manittobayilekkulla addehathinte thirichuvaravu thadanju.
addehathinte muun sahacharanaaya vilyam bernard oo 'donogue ekopippicha athirthi kadannulla phenian reydukalil ninnu eee othutheerppu ippol oru bheeshani nerittu. octoberil archibald aayudhangalkk ahvaanam cheyyukayum pankedutthaal thanne arast cheyyillennu reelinu urappu nalkukayum cheythu. manittobayude prathirodhatthinaayi riyel mettis sainyathinte niravadhi kambanikale samghadippichu. archibald sentsil sainyathe avalokanam cheythappol. nannayi, oru anurajanam undayathaayi soochippikkunna, reeline parasyamaayi kaii kulukkunnathinte pradhana aamgyam addeham cheythu.
eee vaartha ontaariyoyil athiyappol, mair canada phastt movementile amgangalum rayal virudha (archibald virudha) vikaarathe prakopippichu. 1872-ll federal thiranjeduppukal vannathode, mcdonaldinu cubec-ontaariyo bandhangalil kooduthal villalukal thangaan kazhinjilla, athinaal addeham pothumaapp vaagdaanam cheythilla. pakaram swamedhayaa naadukadatthappetta nilayil thudaraan reelinu 1,000 dollar kaikkooli nalkaan addeham tache nishabdamaayi krameekarichu. realinte kudumbatthinte paricharanatthinaayi smithil ninnu 600 poundu adhikamaayi ithinu labhichu.
ennirunnaalum, juun avasaanathode riyel manittobayilekku madangiyethukayum udan thanne proventurinte electoral districtilekku paarlament amgamaayi malsarikkaan prerippikkukayum cheythu. ennirunnaalum, septambar aadyam cubeckile thante veettil jorjju-ettiyen cartier paraajayappettathinetthudar, cartier-reelinu pothumaapp nalkunnathine anukoolikkunnathaayi rekhappeduthiyittullathil-proversheril oru seett nedunnathinaayi reel maari ninnu. cartier prashamsichukondu vijayichu, pakshe pothumaapp chodyathinu vegathil pariharam kaanamenna reeyelinte prathekshakal 1873 meyy 20 nuu cartierude maranathethudarnnu thakarnnu. 1873 oktobarile thudarnnulla upathiranjeduppil, reel veendum oodippooyengilum swathanthranaayi athirillaathe malsarichu, septambaril arast cheiyunnathinaayi oru vaarant purappeduvichu. lepine athra bhagyavanalla; avan pidikkappedukayum vichaarana neridukayum cheythu.
riyel montriyalilekku pookukayum, arastoo kolapaathakamo bhayann, house oof komansil thante irippidam ettedukkaan shramikkano enna kaaryatthil kuzhanjuveezhukayum cheythu-ontaariyoyile pradhaanamantri edward blake addehathinte arasttinu 5,000 dollar paaritoshikam prakhyaapichirunnu. 1873 novemberil mcdonald sarkkar raajivaykkunnathilekku nayicha grettu pasaphik kumbhakonam charchayil pankedukkaattha eaka paarlament amgamaayirunnu reel. liberal nethaavu alexander mccansey idakkaala pradhaanamanthriyaayi, 1874 januvariyil oru pothutheranjeduppu nadannu. mckenseyude keezhil liberalukal puthiya sarkkar roopeekarichenkilum riyel eluppathil thante sthaanam nilanirtthi. audyogikamaayi, thiranjedukkappettathinum oru thavanayenkilum realinu oru rajisttar bookil oppidendivannu, januvari avasaanathode addeham veshammari angane cheythu. ennirunnaalum, thiranjeduppu jillayaya lisgeril amgamaaya shultsinte pinthunayulla oru prameyathetthudarnnu addeham pattikayil ninnu purathaakkappettu. thathfalamaayundaaya upathiranjeduppil reel veendum vijayikkukayum veendum purathaakkappedukayum cheythu.
naadukadatthalum maanasikarogavum.
eee kaalayalavil, newyorkkile plaattsbargil oolbettu pithakkanmaarodoppam thaamasichirunna reel, aduthulla gramamaaya keysvilleyile edavaka purohithanaaya fabian martin "ditt" barnabe parichayappedutthi. 1874 october 13nuu aarambhicha skottinte kolapaathakatthinte vichaaranayethudarnnu lepine kuttakkaaranaanennu kandethukayum vadhashikshaykk vidhikkappedukayum cheytha lepaininte vidiyekkurichulla vaartha labhichathu ivideyaanu. ithu sahaanubhoothiyulla cubec pathrangalil prakopanatthinu kaaranamavukayum lepine, riyel ennivaykku pothumaapp nalkanamenna aavasyam puthukkappedukayum cheythu. cubeckinteyum ontaariyoyudeyum aavashyangalkkidayil pratheekshayillathe kudungiya mccansic ithu gurutharamaaya rashtreeya budhimuttu srishtichu. ennirunnaalum, swantham munkaiyil pravarthichu, govarnor general loard dufferin 1875 januvariyil lepaininte shiksha laghookarichappol oru pariharam vannu. ithu anchu varsham pravaasatthil thudaranamenna vyavasthayil reelinu paarlamentil ninnu pothumaapp nalkaanulla vaathil macancic thurannu.
pravaasakaalathu, riyel praadhamikamaayi raashtreeyathekkaal mathavumaayi bandhappettirunnu. eee uyarnnuvarunna mathavishwaasangalil bhooribhaagavum 1875 juulai 14-leeii oru pinthunaykkunna kathe adisthaanamaakkiyullathaanu, athu montriyalinte bishop ignace borgettil ninnu addehathinu labhichu. addehathinte maanasikavastha vashalaavukayum akramasakthamaaya oru prakopanathetthudarnnu addehathe montriyalilekku kondupookukayum avide eathaanum maasangal ammavan joonn leeyude samrakshanathilavukayum cheythu. ennaal riyel oru mathaparamaya sevanam thadassappeduthiya sesham, 1876 march 6 nuu "luis aarr" enna peril longue pooyintile oru abhayakendrathil addehathe nirthaan liie krameekarichu. david ". kandethal bhayann doctormar addehathe udan thanne "luis laroshell" enna peril cubec nagaratthinaduthulla beauport abhayakendrathilekku maatti. edaykkideyulla yukthirahithamaya prakopanangalaal addeham budhimuttumbol, kristhyan, jootha aashayangalude mishrithathode daivashaasthra laghulekhakal rachikkunna thante mathaparamaya rachana thudarnnu. thalphalamaayi addeham svayam "luis david riyel, pravaachakan, thettillaatha pope, purohita rajaavu" ennu vilikkaan thudangi.
ennirunnaalum, addeham pathukke sukham praapikkukayum 1878 januvari 23 nuu shaanthamaaya jeevitam nayikkanulla upadeshathode abhayakendrathil ninnu mochithanaakukayum cheythu. addeham kurachu samayathekku keysvilleyilekku madangukayum avide pithaav faabiyante sahodariyaaya evaleena martin "daitt" barnabeyumaayi oru aaveshakaramaaya pranayabandhathil earppedukayum cheythu. avale ayaykkunnathinu munbu "svayam sthaapikkaanulla vyakthamaaya uddeshyathode" padinjarottu neengunnathinumumbu thanne vivaham kazhikkaan addeham avalodu aavasyappettu; ennirunnaalum, avarude kathidapaadukal pettennu avasaanichu.
montana kudumbajeevithavum.
1878 avasaanathode riyel sent. pooll, thante suhruthukkaleyum kudumbatheyum hrasvamaayi sandarshichu. chuvanna nadiyude mettisukalkku ithu druthagathiyilulla maattatthinte samayamaayirunnu-avar aasrayikkunna kaattukuthirakal kooduthal kuravaayitheerukayum kudiyettakkaarude varavu nirantharam vardhikkukayum dhaaraalam bhoomi neethibodhamillaatha bhoomi oohakkachavadakkaarkku vilkkukayum cheythu. manittoba vittupoya mattu chuvanna nadikalude mettikaleppole, oru puthiya jeevitam aarambikkaan riyel kooduthal padinjarottu neengi. mondaana pradeshathekku yaatra cheytha addeham benton kottaykku chuttumulla pradeshathu oru vyapariyum vyaakhyaathaavumaayi. mettisukalil madyathinte doshakaramaaya swaadheenam nireekshicha addeham visky vyapaaram vettikkuraykkanulla oru parajayappetta shramathil earppettu.
1881ll dakota pradeshathe fort bertholdile pooyinte-ooo-looppil, raajyathe aachaaramanusarich (eiii laa phaakkon duu paise) 1882 epril 28nuu addeham yuvavaaya mettis maargurait moonat "daitt" bellehumerine vivaham kazhichu. 1882 march 9nuu vivaham nadannu. eee vivaahathekkurich oru pathratthil ninnu avaleena ariyukayum reeline "apakeerthippeduthal" ennu kuttappedutthi oru kathu ezhuthukayum cheythu. margaraittinum louisinum moonnu kuttikalundaakanam jeane-luis (1882-1908); maari-angelic (1883-1897); reeline thookkilettunnathinu oru maasathinullil 1885 october 21 nuu janikkukayum marikkukayum cheytha oru aankutti.
riyel taamasiyaathe mondaanayude raashtreeyathil earppedukayum 1882-ll republican partic vendi sajeevamaayi pracharanam nadathukayum cheythu. oru vottu krithrimam cheythathinu addeham oru janaadhipathyavaadikkethire cases konduvannengilum thiranjeduppil pankedukkaan britiish prajakale vanjanaaparamaayi prerippichathaayi addeham thanne kuttappedutthi. ithinu marupadiyaayi, american pourathvam labhikkaan apekshicha riyel 1883 march 16nuu rund kochukuttikalumaayi 1884 aayappozhekkum sthirathaamasamaakkukayum sent colled schoolil padippikkukayum cheythu. mondaanayile sann rivar distrikttil peettezhs jesuit dauthyam.
vadakkupadinjaaran kalapam.
chuvanna nadiyude prathirodhathetthudarnnu mettis padinjaaru sanjarichu suscatchevan thaazhvarayil sthirathaamasamaakki. ennaal 1880kalode pothu koottatthinte athivega thakarcha aadya raajyangalkkidayil pattinik kaaranamaayi. sarkkar sahayam kurachathum udambadikalude baadyathakal paalikkunnathil ottaavayude pothuve parajayappettathum ithine kooduthal vashalakki. vetta upekshikkanum krishi ettedukkaanum mettikal baadhyastharaayirunnu-ennaal eee parivartthanathodoppam manittobayil munbu uyarnnuvannathinu samanamaaya bhoomi avakaashavaadangale chuttipattiyulla sankeernamaaya prashnangalum undaayirunnu. koodaathe, europil ninnum kizhakkan pravisyakalil ninnumulla kudiyettakkaarum suscatsheven pradeshangalilekku maarikkondirikkukayinnu, avarkkum pradeshangalude bharanavumaayi bandhappett paraathikal undaayirunnu. athinaal phalatthil ellah kakshikalkkum paraathikal undaayirunnu, 1884 aayappozhekkum aamglophon kudiyettakkaarum anglo-mettisum mettis kammyoonittikalum yogangal nadathukayum parihaaratthinaayi valia thothil prathikarikkaattha oru sarkkarinodu apekshikkukayum cheythu.
thiranjeduppu jillayaya lornil march 24 nuu baattoche graamatthil southu branch mettisinte oru yogam nadannu, prathinidhikal relinode madangaanum avarude lakshyathe prathinidheekarikkaanum aavasyappettu. meyy 6 nuu oru samyuktha "settilmezhs union" yogathil albert rajakumaranil ninnulla mettis, engleesh samsaarikkunna prathinidhikal pankedutthu, mettisinodu anubhavamullathum avarkk oonar jaaksan ennu ariyappedunnathumaaya ontaariyo settil villyam henry jaaksan, anglo-mettisinte jaims isbisttar ennivarulppede. relinode madangaan aavasyappedaan oru prathinidhi samghathe ayaykkaan ivide theerumaanichu.
reeliyude madangivaravu.
maanithobayil reeline ariyamaayirunna vishudha-laurent mettisinte nethaavum bahumanappetta pothu vettakkaaranumaaya gabriel dumondaayirunnu reelilekkulla prathinidhi samghathinte thalavan. jaims isbisttar maathramaan anglo-mettis prathinidhi. avarude lakshyathe pinthunaykkaan reeline eluppathil swaadheenichu. manittobayile swantham bhoomi avakaashavaadangal pinthudaraan puthiya swaadheena sthaanam upayogikkaanum riyel uddeshichu.
addehathinte varavode mettisum aamglophon kudiyettakkaarum orupole mithathwavum yukthisahamaya sameepanavum addeham vaadicha niravadhi prasamgangalethudarnnu relinekkurichu thudakkathil anukoolamaaya dhaarana srishtichu. 1884 juunil, playin kree nethaakkalaaya valia karadiyum poundu maker swathanthramaayi avarude paraathikal roopappeduthukayum pinneedu reelumaayi koodikkaazhcha nadathukayum cheythu. ennirunnaalum, thaddesheeya paraathikal kudiyettakkaaril ninnu thikachum vyathyasthamaayirunnu, pinneedu onnum pariharikkapettilla.
oonar jaxon mattu samudaayangalude prathinidhikalum ottaavayilekku ayaykkanulla oru harji thayyarakkan theerumaanichu. edakkaalathu realinte pinthuna mangaan thudangi. reeyelinte mathaparamaya prakhyapanangal kooduthal mathavirudhamaayitheernnatho purohithanmaar akalam palikkukayum mathavum raashtreeyavum koottikkuzhaykkunnathine pithaav alexes andrey realinu munnariyipp nalkukayum cheythu. koodaathe, praadeshika lefttanant govarnor indian kammeeshanarumaaya edger davdniyude kaikkooliyude prathikaranamaayi praadeshika engleesh bhasha pathrangal reeline vimarshikkunna oru edittoriyal nilapad sweekarichu.
ennirunnaalum, pravartthanam thudarukayum desember 16 nuu riyel kammittiyude harji sarkkaarin kaimarukayum nerittulla charchakalil earppedaan prathinidhikale ottaavayilekku ayaykkanamenna nirddeshathodoppam ayakkukayum cheythu. harji labhichathayi mcdonaldinte stettu sekrattari joseph-adolph chaplio sammathichuvenkilum mcdonald thanne pinneedu athu kandittillenn nishedhichu. appozhekkum niravadhi yadhaartha anuyaayikal pooyi; 1885 meyy maasathil athu veenathuvare 250 perr maathramaan battocheyil avasheshichathu.
oottaavayil ninnulla vaarthakalkkaayi kaathirikkave mondaanayilekku madangunnathinekkurichu addeham chinthichuvenkilum februvariyode avide thamasikkaan theerumaanichu. phalapradamaaya oru pravarthanakramamillaathe, riyel obsessive praarthanayil earppedaan thudangi, koodaathe thante maanasika prakshobhangalude ganyamaaya aavarthanam anubhavikkukayum cheythu. vardhichuvarunna mathaviruddha sidhaanthathe addeham parasyamaayi pinthunachathinaal ithu catholica purohithanmarumaayulla addehathinte bandham vashalakaan kaaranamaayi.
1885 februvari 11nuu harjikullah marupadi labhichu. vadakkupadinjaaran pradeshangalude sensus nadatthaanum paraathikal anweshikkaan oru kammeeshan roopeekarikkaanum sarkkar nirddeshichu. ithu mettisile oru vibhaagathe prakopippichu, avar ithu oru kaalathamasa thanthramaayi kandu; avar udan thanne aayudangal edukkunnathine anukoolichu. riyel eee vibhaagathinte neethaavaayitheernnenkilum addehathinu mikkavarum ellah aamglophonukaludeyum aamglomettisinteyum catholica sabhayudeyum pinthuna nashtappettu. praadeshika nethaavu chaals nolinte pinthunayulla mettis vibhaagathinte pinthunayum addehathinu nashtamaayi. ennaal thante mishihaikavidyakal swaadheenicha riyel eee pravartthanatthe kooduthal kooduthal pinthunachu. nilavile avasthayil niraasanaaya reeyelinte karisma, vaakchathuryamulla vaachaadopangal ennivayaal swaadheenikkappetta noorukanakkinu mettikal, bishop ignace borgettine maarppaappayaayi amgeekarikkanamennum "roome veenu" ennum addeham prakhyaapichuvenkilum relinode vishwasthatha pulartthi.
thuranna kalapam.
march 19 nuu baattocheyil suscatshevante thaalkkaalika sarkkaarine prakhyaapichu, reeline raashtreeyavum aathmeeyavumaaya nethaavaayum dumont sainika kaaryangalude utharavaadithavum etteduthu. riyel exovadate ("attin koottatthil ninnu thiranjedutthavar" ennartham varunna oru neologism) enna peril oru kaunsil roopeekarichu. march 21nuu realinte doothanmaar crossier fort caltone keezhadakkanamennu aavasyappettu. march 26 nuu duck thadaakathinu sameepam scouting cheiyunna gabriel dumontinte neethrthwathilulla oru senaykk apratheekshithamaayi fort caltonil ninnulla oru samghathe labhichu. thudarnnundaaya thaaraavukalkkethiraaya yudhathil poleesine paraajayappedutthukayum vadakkupadinjaaran kalapam aathmaarthamaayi aarambikkukayum cheythu.
canaden pasaphik reyilveyude poorttheekaranatthode kizhakkan kaanadayil ninnulla sainikarkk eee pradeshathekku vegathil ethaan kazhinju. nerittulla ettumuttalil kanediyanmaare paraajayappeduthaan kazhiyillennu arinja dumont, deerghakaalamaayi nadanna garilla yudhathil earppettukondu charchakal nadatthaan kanediyanmaare nirbandhikkumennu pratheekshichirunnu; 1885 epril 24 nuu fish creak yudhathil dumont eee reethiyil oru mithamaaya vijayam thiricharinju. ennirunnaalum, thante "daivanagar" samrakshikkaan baattocheyil sainyathe kendreekarikkanamennu riyel nirbandhichu. 9 muthal 12 vare nadanna baattoche yudhathinte phalam orikkalum samshayaaspadamaayirunnil, 15-nuu oru reel canaden sainyathin keezhadangi. juun 3 nuu luun thadaaka yuddham vare valia karadiyude sainyam pidichuninnuvenkilum, kalapam thaddesheeya samoohangale sambandhichidatholam nirashaajanakamaaya parajayamaayirunnu.
vichaarana.
1885 joolaiyil vinnipegil vichaarana nadathanamennu sarkkaarumaayi adutha bandhamullah niravadhi vyakthikal abhyarthichu. vamsheeyamaayi sammishravum sahaanubhoothiyullathumaaya jooriyude saadhyathayekkurichulla aashankakal kaaranam vichaarana bharanathilekku mattiyathaayi chila charitrakaaranmaar vaadikkunnu. aarr aamglophon protestantumaarude juric munnil reeline vichaarana cheytha rejeenayil vichaarana vilikkaan pradhaanamantri mcdonald utharavittu. 1885 juulai 20nuu vichaarana aarambhichu.
swantham pravartthanangale prathirodhichum mettis janathayude avakashangal urappichum riyel thante vichaaranaykkide rund neenda prasamgangal nadatthi. bhrant kaaranam thaan kuttakkaaranallenn vaadikkaanulla abhibhaashakarude sramam addeham nirasichu. juurii addehathe kuttakkaaranaanennu kandethiyenkilum daya shupaarsha cheythu; ennirunnaalum, jadji hyoog richaardson 1885 august 1 nuu addehathe vadhashikshaykk vidhichu, addehathinte vadhashikshayude theeyathi thudakkathil 1885 septambar 18 aayi nischayichu. "njangal raajyadrohathinu reeline vichaarana cheythu", oru juurii pinneedu paranju, "skottinte kolapaathakathinu addehathe thookkiletti."luis thomas abhipraayappedunnathu" "sarkkaarinte kesinte nadatthippu neethiyude parihasamaayirunnu".
vadhasiksha.
vadhashikshayude theeyathi aduthuvarunnathode, bhraanthine prathirodhikkunathinulla ethirppil riyel khedam prakadippikkukayum thaan vivekavaanallennathinu thelivukal nalkaan vyarthamaayi sramikkukayum cheythathayi bolton thante ormmakkurippukalil ezhuthunnu. punarvichaaranaykkulla abhyarthanakal, shikshayil maattam varuthunnathinulla harjikal, brittanile privy kaunsilinte judicial kammittikk appeel nalkal enniva nirasikkapettu. joonn eiii. realinte shiksha uyarthippidikunnathil nirnaayaka punk vahicha mcdonald, "cubec bork dharicha oro naayay addehathinu anukoolamaayi thoongikkidakkum" ennu paranjathaayi prashasthamaayi udharikkappedunnu (eee udharaniyude sathyasandhatha anishchithathvathilaanenkil).
vadhashikshaykk munbu, riyel pithavaaya andre thante athmeeya upadeshtaavaayi sweekarichu. addehathinu ezhuthupakaranangalum suhruthukkalkkum bandhukkalkkum kathayakkaanum anuvaadam nalki. 1885 november 16nuu reginayile vadakku-padinjaaran police baarakkukalil luis riyeline raajyadrohakkuttam chumatthi thookkiletti.
realinte avasana nimishangalekkurichu bolton ezhuthunnu
 oduvil avasanikkaan aduthuvennu relinode vishadeekaricha sesham, manushyarumaayi samaadhaanathilaano ennu andrey addehathodu chodichu. rail "athe" ennu marupadi nalki."adutha chodyam," ningalude ellah shathrukkalodum ningal kshamikkumo?"" athe."appol samsaarikkaamo ennu reel avanodu chodichu. angane cheyyaruthennu pithaav andrey addehathodu upadeshichu. thudarnnu rund purohithanmaaril ninnum addehathinu samadhaanathinte chumbanam labhichu, pithaav andrey franch bhashayil "athinaal, swargathilekku pookuka!" ennu paranju."
 ... doow. relinode vida parayuka ennathaayirunnu avasana vaakkukal. jookkukal, addehathinte dayaykku nandi, velutha thoppi mukhathu valikkunnathin thottumunbu addeham paranju, "" nandi srimati. marannu ".
thoppi thaazheyirakkukayum addeham praarthikkumbol kenii valikkukayum cheythu. maranam thalkshanamaayirunnilla. keniyude vaathil veenu naalu minittinusesham luis realinte pulse nilaykkukayum aaa samayat kazhuthil ulla kayar pathukke kazhuthu njerichu shwaasammuttukayum cheythu. mrithadeham thookkumaratthil samskarikkukayum shavakudeeram aarambikkukayum cheyyendathaayirunnu, ennaal mrithadeham sherief chaplioic kaimaran lefttanant govarnoril ninnu utharavu vannu, athu athanusarichu annu ratri cheythu.
vadhashikshaykk sesham reeline centilulla ammayude veettilekku maatti. athu evideyaanu sthithicheyyunnathu ennathu pradhaanamaan. 1886 desember 12 nuu, oru rakviyam kurbanayude aaghoshathethudarnnu addehathinte avashishtangal sent-boniface cathedralinte pallithottatthil samskarichu.
realinte vicharana nirvvahanavum kayperiyathum neendunilkkunnathumaaya prathikaranatthinu kaaranamaayi, ithu pathittaandukalaayi canadian raashtreeyathe prakopippichu. vadhashikshaye pravishyakal pinthunaykkukayum ethirkkukayum cheythu. udaaharanathinu, yaadhaasthithika ontaariyo realinte vadhashikshaye shakthamayi pinthunachuvenkilum cubec athine shakthamayi ethirthu. kaanadayile aamglophon aadhipathyathinte pratheekamaayi reeline thookkilettiyathu francophoneukale aswastharaakki. 1870ll realinte raajyadrohathinum thomas skottine vadikkunnathinum shikshayaayi ontaariyoyile ooranchu airish protestant ghadakam vadhasiksha aavasyappettirunnu. cubeckil, 1886ll prathipakshatthe aninirathi raashtreeyakkaaranaaya oonar mercier adhikaarathilethi.
charithralekhanam.
charitrakaaranmaar riyel cases palappozhum aaveshathodeyum charcha cheythittundu, kaanadayude charithratthil ettavum kooduthal ezhuthappetta vyakthiyaan addeham. kaalakramena vyaakhyaanangal naadakeeyamaayi vyathyasappettittund. aadyathe amachwar engleesh bhasha charithrangal engleesh samsaarikkunna protestantukal prathinidheekarikkunna samskaarathinte vijaythe prashamsichu, catholicar franch samsaarikkunna ardha-vamsha mettikalum prathinidheekarikkunna kroorathaykku mail. oru bhraanthan raajyadrohiyaayum padinjaaru kaanadayude vipuleekaranathinu thadassamaayum reeline chithreekarichu.
irupathaam noottaandinte madhyathode academic charitrakaaranmaar kroorathayum nagarikathayum enna vishayam upekshichu, mettisinu oonnal nalki, reelilaanu shradha kendreekarichathu, kaanadayile vamseeya-saamskaarika, bhoomishaasthraparamaaya matha-bhaashakalude adisthaanathil kadutha vibhajanathinte pradhana kaaranamaayi addehathinte vadhasiksha avatharippichu. dablyu. ell. vadhashikshayekkurich morttan parayunnath athu "adutha dashakathile deseeya raashtreeyathinte gathiye pidichukulukki": ontaariyoyil, prathyekichu oranchukaarkkidayil ithinu nalla sveekaaryatha labhichu, ennaal francophone cubec reeline "pratheekamaayi, theerchayaayum thante vamshathinte naayakanenna nilayil" prathirodhichu. reeline sambandhichidatholam chila sthaanangal prathirodhayogyamaanennu morttan nigamanam cheythu, ennaal "sarkkar athinte utharavaadithangale vanjikkaathe nalkiyirikkaavunna praayogikamaaya oru paripadi avar avatharippichilla". jeey. emm. manitoba charitrakaaranaaya jaims jaxone sambandhichidatholam, skottine vedivachathu-orupakshe realinte aadyakaala bhraanthante falamaayirikkaam-realinte nettatthile valia kalankamaayirunnuvennum ithu manitobayude pithaav enna nilayilulla sariyaaya punk nashtappedutthukayum cheythuvennum bumsed 2000 ll paranju."
catholica purohithanmaar yadhaarthathil mettisine pinthunachirunnuvenkum riyel oru mathaviruddha prasthaanatthe nayikkukayaanennu manassilaakkiyappol avar svayam maari. addehathe rakthasakshiyaayi aadarikkunnillennu avar urappakki. ennirunnaalum, nishabda viplavathil purohithanmaarkk avarude swaadheenam nashtappettu, vyapakamaaya vamseeya vargeeyathayude pashchaathalatthil adichamarthal sarkkaarinethire thante janangalkk vendi nilakonda oru swaathanthryasamarasenaaniyu prathichaayayulla cubeckile pravartthakar ippol reeline thikanja naayakanayi kandethi. mettis, franch canadian, mattu canadian nyoonapakshangal ennivar addehathe naadodi naayakanakki. akramathe pinthunacha pravartthakar addehathinte prathichaaya sweekarichu; 1960-kalil, cubec theevravaada grouppaaya frond dii liberation duu cubec athinte oru theevravaada sellinu "luis riyel" enna peru sweekarichu.
kaanadayiludaneelam addehathinte kalaapathil yaadhaarthyathinte oru puthiya vyaakhyaanam uyarnnuvannu, mettikalkk pariharikkappedaatha valia paraathikalundennu; sarkkar sarikkum prathikarikkaathathaanenna; aaa riyel akramathe avasana maargamaayi maathram thiranjedutthuvennum; addehathinu samshayaaspadamaaya oru vichaarana nalkukayum pinneedu prathikaramulla oru sarkkar addehathe vadikkukayum cheythu. 1985ll joonn phosttar "kazhinja ardha noottaandinte vyaakhyaanaparamaaya vyathiyaanam" ennu paranju... canaden gavanmentinte kuttabodhatthe vimarsikkaathathum "niraparaadhikalaaya" mettisukalude "irayaakkal" yumayi thulyamaayi vimarsikkaathathumaaya apalapanakalk ithu kooduthal kadinamaayathum ennaal vimarsikkaathathumaaya nirnnayangalkk saakshyam vahichu. ennirunnaalum, rashtreeya shaasthranjanaaya thomas flanagan realinte rachanakal edittu cheytha sesham thante kaazhchappaadukal maatti "mettis paraathikal kuranjathu bhaagikamenkilum avarude swantham nirmmaanamaayirunnuvennu" addeham vaadichu, realinte aadyakaala "bharanaghadanaa prakshobhathodulla" sarkkaarinte prathikaranam kanakkiledukkumbol realinte akramasakthamaaya sameepanam anaavashyamaayirunnu, "addehathinu athbhuthakaramaaya nyayamaaya vichaarana labhichu".
1982-ll "canadian historikkal review"-ll prathyakshappetta dugg oraaminte oru lekhanathil, riyel oru deseeya charitra saittayi battocheye visheshippikkunnathinum addehathinte rachanakalude samahaarathinum anusrithamaayi engleesh kaanadayil "oru canadian naadodi naayakan", "puraanam" polum aayitheernnathaayi kandethi. aaa samahaarathil moonnu vaalyangalulla kathukal, dayarikal, mattu gadya rachanakal enniva ulppedunnu; addehathinte kavithayude naalaamathe vaalyam; reference metteeriyalukal adangiya anchaamathe vaalyam. jorjju staanli, reymond heuvel, gilles martle, thomas flanagan, glen campbel ennivar edittu cheytha eee kruthi "realinte jeevithathekkurichum nettangalekkurichum samagramaayi chinthikkaan kazhiyum", ennaal athinte chila edittoriyal theerumaanangalkkum vimarsikkappettu. 2010leeii oru prasamgatthil, annathe canada cheef justisaayirunna beverley mcclacklin, reeline akkaalathe nilavaaramanusarichu oru vimathanaanennum ennaal "nammude aadhunika kanniloode kaanunna oru desasnehiyaanennum" samgrahichu.
paarambaryamaayi.
suscatsheven mettis aavasyappetta bhoomi graantukalellaam 1887 avasaanathode sarkkar nalkukayum avarude aagrahathin anusrithamaayi sarkkar mettis nadeethadangal punarujeevippikkukayum cheythu. ennirunnaalum, bhoomiyude bhooribhaagavum taamasiyaathe oohakkachavadakkaar vaangi, avar pinneedu athil ninnu valia labham nedi. realinte ettavum mosham bhayangal saakshaathkarikkappettu-parajayappetta kalaapathethudarnn, franch bhashayum roman catholica mathavum suscatchevan, maanittoba ennividangalil vardhichuvarunna paarshwavalkkaranam nerittu, udaaharanathinu maanittoba school chodyathe chuttipattiyulla vivaadangal. mettikal thanne abhikaamyamallaatha bhoomiyile kudilukalil thamasikkaan kooduthal nirbandhitharaayi. 1905 vare saskaachwan oru pravisyayaayi mariyirunnilla.
realinte vadhasikshayum shiksha kuraykkaan mcdonald visammathichathum cubeckil shaashvathamaaya abhipraayavyathyaasathinu kaaranamaayi. oonar mercier asamthripthi muthaleduthu party deseeya samghadanaye punasamghadippichu. cubec deseeyathaye prothsaahippicha eee party 1886 leeii cubec thiranjeduppil bhooripaksham nedi. 1887leeii federal thiranjeduppum federal liberalukalkk kaaryamaaya nettamundaakki. ithu 1896leeii federal thiranjeduppil wilfried loriyarinte keezhil liberal party vijayathilekku nayichu, ithu irupathaam noottaandil liberal party canaden federal raashtreeyathinte (prathyekichu cubeckil) aadhipathyathin vediyorukki.
1980kall muthal niravadhi federal raashtreeyakkaar reeline mapp nalkano konfedareshante pithavaayi amgeekarikkaano aavasyappettu swakaarya amgangalude billukal avatharippichittundu. 1992ll house oof koomans "manittobayude sthaapakan enna nilayil luis realinte savisheshavum charitraparavumaaya pankum konfedareshante vikasanathil addehathinte sambhaavanakalum" amgeekarikkunna oru prameyam pasaki. sii. bii. siyude "grettast canadian" padhathi pothu vottukalude adisthaanathil reeline 11-aamathe "grettast canadian" aayi rank cheythu.
anusmaranangal.
2007ll manittobayile pravishya sarkkar februvariyile moonnaamathe thinkalaazhcha aacharikkunna luis riyel dinathe pravishya avadhidinamaayi amgeekarikkaan vottu cheythu.
vinnipegil rund reelukalude prathimakal sthithicheyyunnu. eee prathimakalilonnaya aarkkitekt ettiyen gaboriyudeyum shilpi marsian lemeyudeyum srishtikal reeline nagnan peedippikkappettathumaaya oru roopamaayi chithreekarikkunnu. 1971ll anaachaadanam cheytha ithu 23 varshatholam manittoba niyamanirmmaana kettidatthinte maitanath nilakondu. prathima apakeerthikaramaaya thettaaya avatharanamaanenna valia prathishedhatthinu sesham (prathyekichu mettis samoohathil ninnu) prathima neekkam cheyth seyint-boniface sarvakalashaalayil sthaapichu. manyanaaya oru raashtrathanthranjanaayi reeline chithreekarikkunna mygual joyal roopakalppana cheytha luis realinte prathima ithinu pakaram sthaapichu. 1996 meyy 12nuu vinnipegil vechaayirunnu anaachaadana chadangu. rejeenayile suscatsheven niyamanirmmaana kettidatthinte groundil oru reelile prathima sthaapikkukayum pinneedu samanamaaya kaaranangalal neekkam cheyyukayum cheythu.
kaanadayiludaneelamulla niravadhi kammyoonittikalil, theruvukal, schoolukal, ayalpakkangal, mattu kettidangal ennivayude perukalil reeline anusmarikkunnu. pazhaya sent-bonifaceine dauntaun vinnipegumaayi bandhippikkunna landmark esplanade riyel kaalnada paalam, luis riyel school division enniva vinnipegile udaaharanangalil ulppedunnu. saskattoonile suscatchevan sarvakalaashaalayile vidyaarthi kendrathinu realinte perum luis real trailinumaanu nalkiyirikkunnath. kalgari, montriyal, ottaava, winnipeg ennee naalu pradhana canaden nagarangalil luis realinte perilulla skoolukalundu.
1979ll sii. bii. sii. yill purathirangiya television chithramaaya "riyel", kaanadakkaranaaya kaarttoonist chesttar brouninte 2003ll purathirangiya "luis riyel eiii comic-strip biography" enniva redu rivar resistansil reeyelinte punk chithreekarikkunnu. 1967ll kaanadayude shatabdi aakhoshangalkkaayi "luis riyel" enna peril oru ooppara kammeeshan cheythu; haari somers ezhuthiyathu, mavor moorum jackwus langirandum chernnu ezhuthiya engleesh, franch librettoyodoppam.