
fernand despress

oru franch shhoo nirmmathaavum araajakavaadiyum pathrapravartthakanum pinneedu oru communist aaktivisttumaayirunnu fernand desire alfred despress (allengil uravidathe aashrayich despress) (13 epril 1879-14 februvari 1949). 
cheruppatthil addeham kavi gaasttan kauttinte adutha suhruthaayirunnu.
aadyakaala varshangal.
1879 epril 13 nuu lloyer-ettu-cherile ausovar-leeii-maarchilaanu fernand desire alfred despress janichathu.
mouvellas graamathilaanu addeham janichathu.
cheruppatthil thanne bhaaviyile kavi gaasttan kauttinte pithaavinte oru suhruthinodoppam addeham avadikkaalam chelavazhichu.
adhehavum gaasttan kauttum paareesilekk maariyathinusesham nilanilkkunna oru sauhrudam roopeekarichu.
despress kauttinum maathaapithaakkalkkumoppam mouvsilekkum kauttu despressinoppam beausinum pooyi.
despress oru araajakathva saidhaanthikanaaya "pere laa parj" ennariyappedunna sthiramaaya maariyodoppam oru shoomekaraayi jolie kandethi.
1896-ll addeham yuva araajakavaadiyaaya migual almeraida (yujeen bonaventure vigo) kandumuttukayum bhaaviyile chalachithra nirmmathaavaaya jeane vigoy godfather aakukayum cheythu.
pathrapravartthakan.
1899-ll sebaastyan faur edittu cheytha "jenal duu peeppil"-lake despress sambhavana cheyyaan thudangi.
1901ll adhehathinum almeridaykkum ethire sphodakavasthukkalude nirmmaanavumaayi bandhapetta oru kesil kuttam chumatthiyenkilum addehathinte kuttam thallappettu.
1901ll addeham oru muzhuvan samaya pathrapravartthakanaayi.
aaa varsham "ell hoome" enna jenalilum pinneedu "libertair", "laa gyoore soshyal", "laa baatteyil syndicalist" ennivayilum addeham sambhavana nalki.
ell hyoomaanitte" ennathinaayulla akramasakthamaaya lekhanangal addeham idaykkide ezhuthumaayirunnu.
1906lum 1907lum addeham araajakathva jenalaaya "less chiyezhs dii ell yooniversitti populeyarinaayi" ezhuthi.
1909ll vyaajarekha chamachathinu addehathinethire kuttam chumatthiyenkilum kuttam thallappettu.
1911-ll despress ausovar-leeii-maarchile chandriyil avadikkaalam chelavazhikkumbol gyaastan kauttinte maranathekkurichu kettu. 
kurippukal labhikkathe, "laa gyoore soshyal" enna prathyeka pathippinaayi addeham kauttinekkurichu oru pramukha lekhanam ezhuthi.
pinneedu addeham "vaii ovriyar" (1911), "jenal duu peeppil", "baatteyil syndicalist", "hyoomaanit" (1924) ennee pusthakangalil kauttinekkurichu mattu lekhanangal ezhuthi.
1912 muthal despress trade union pooraattatthinaayi svayam samarppichu.
aaaa" enna thoolikaanaamam upayogicha pramukha ezhuthukaaril oralaayi addeham maari. ennu paranju.
onnaam lokamahaayudhathinu munbu (1914-18) addeham "carnet bii" yill rajisttar cheythirunnu.
1915ll roman rolland, marsell kaapi, piyari monatte thudangiyavarumaayi addeham oru theevravaada samaadhaanavaadiyaayirunnu.
1915 augustil adhehavum pankaali marsell kapiyum "laa baatteyil syndicalist" ll ninnu raajivachu, kaaranam pathram "union sacri" sthaanam sweekarichu, koodaathe thante suhruthu roman rolandine prathirodhikkaan ezhuthaan addehathe anuvadichilla. 
1915num 1919num idayil despress araajakathva jenalaaya "ell ekkol dii laa federationil" sambhavana nalki.
jeneevayil roman rolandinoppam thaamasichathinu sesham shathruvine sahaayichathin despressinethire kuttam chumatthiyenkilum kuttam thallappettu.
1918ll despress, marsell martinett, jeane dii seyint-prix ennivar chernnu censorukal upadravikkukayum pinneedu nirodhikkukayum cheytha "laa pleb" enna maasika prasidheekarichu.
1918num 1920num idayil russian viplavathinu valare anukoolamaaya oru avalokanamaaya "ell 'avenir internaashanali" nuu despress sambhavana nalki.
yudhaanantharam addeham aisneyil thaamasichu, thudarnnu 1920-ll nordile aansinilekku thamasam maari, avide addeham oru boiler nirmmathaavaayi jolie cheythu.
avide addeham valansiyennasinte viplavakaramaaya syndicalist kammitti sthaapikkukayum 1921ll athinte sekrattariyaakukayum cheythu.
communist aaktivist.
1920 desemberil franch communist party sthaapithamaayappol despress athil chernnu. 1921 avasaanathode addeham nord department vittu.
communist jenalaaya "ell hyoomaanitteyil" addeham sambhavana nalki.
ell 'hyoomaanitte" yile addehathinte shambalam oru vidagdha thozhilaalliyude shambalamaayirunnu, chelavukal vahikkaan mathiyaakumenkilum athil kooduthalalla.
jeevithakalam muzhuvan despress partyile amgamaayi thudarnnenkilum, addeham pazhaya reethiyilullathaayi thonnithudangiya oru viplavakaramaaya syndicalistaayi thudarnnu. 
party audyogika samghadanaykkaayi pravartthikkumbol chila budhimuttukal srishticha party line pinthudaraan addeham ellaayppozhum thayyarayirunnilla, ennirunnaalum addeham valare bahumaanikkappedukayum addehathinte sthaanam nyayamaayum surakshithavumaayirunnu.
1922 octoberil communist party pathinonnaamatthe kongrasile prathinidhiyaayirunnu despress.
1926ll addeham party colonial kammeeshan amgamaayirunnu.
1932ll fontene-leeii-komte, vendi enna peril niyamasabhayilekkulla thiranjeduppinulla communist sthaanaarthiyaayi despress parajayappettu.
pinneedu addeham oru proof readeraayi pravartthikkukayum ell 'humaniteikku sambhavana cheiyunnathu thudarukayum cheythu.
randaam lokamahaayudhathinte thudakkathil despress paarees vittu (1939-45).
1940 juunil addeham vadakke aafrikkayil abhayam praapikkukayum avide oru hotel muriyil ottaykku thaamasikkukayum cheythu. 
jarmmankaar addehathinte ellah pusthakangalum kadalaasukalum nashippichu. yudhathinushesham addehathe yaatra cheyyaan anuvadichilla.
addeham ooraanilum aljeeriyayilum pathrangalkkayi ezhuthukayum avasaanam vare aljeeriyayile radio sevanathinaayi pravartthikkukayum cheythu.
1949 februvari 14nuu 69-aamm vayassil fernand despress aljiyezhsil vachu antharichu.
eathaanum divasangalkku munbu pakshaaghaatham baadhicha addeham ashupathriyil vachu marichu.

