
aphrica corps (kalii)

1964ll avalon hill prasidheekarichathum 1965lum 1978lum veendum purathirakkiyathumaaya aphrica corps randaam lokamahaayudhasamayathe vadakke aafrikkan prachaaranatthe anukarikkunna oru board vaargamaanu.
pashchaathalam.
1941ll vadakkan aafrikkayile itaaliyan senaykkethire britiish sainyam valia vijayam nediyirunnu. ervin romalinte neethrthwathil aafrikkan corpsinte varavinushesham athu maari, avar sakhyakakshikalkkethire akramanam nadatthi, 1942 juunil gazala avare paraajayappeduthi, tobruck pidichedutthu. 1942 joolaiyil ell alameen yudhathil alexandriayil ninnu maathramaan achuthandinte munnettam nirtthiyathu. 1942 august avasaanathode, alam ell hafa yudhathil sakhyasenayude prathirodhatthinte thekke vasham tirikkaan axis fozhsu shramichenkilum parajayappettu. 1942 octoberil sakhyakakshikal thirichadichu, randaam ell alameen yudhathil itaaliyan-jerman sainyathe nirnnaayakamaayi paraajayappeduthi.
vivaranam.
"aphrica corps" ennathu rund kalikkaarude oru vaargamaanu, athil oru kalikkaaran sakhyasenakale niyanthrikkukayum matoraal achuthandu shakthikale niyanthrikkukayum cheiyunnu. 
gadakangal.
eee geyimil inipparayunnava ulppedunnu
kalii.
aii goo, yuu goo" enna staanderd alternating samvidaanam upayogichu geyim pravartthikkukayum oro tenum randaazhchathe inn-geyim samayathe prathinidheekarikkukayum cheiyunnu. sainika unitukal rejiment muthal division valuppam vare vyathyaasappedunnu. geyiminte samvidaanam vitharanathinte praadhaanyam oonnipparayunnu, prathyekichu aphrica corpsinte vitharanathinteyum shakthippeduthalukalude vyathiyaanam. athe samayam prasidheekaricha samanamaaya mattu vaargeyimukalil ninnu vyathyasthamayi, unitukalkku ishtaanusaranam akramikkaan kazhinjilla, pakshe akramikkaan valare parimithamaaya poolil ninnulla supply kaundarukal upayogikkendivannu. mattoru puthuma "rommel niyamam" aayirunnu-rommel kaundarinoppam sanjarikkunna unitukalkku saadhaaranayekkaal kooduthal neengaan kazhiyum. 
eee gaeminu oru sahacharyam maathrameyulloo, charitraparamaaya geyim, oopshanal niyamangalonnumilla.
prasidheekarana charithram.
"avalon hill sthaapakanaaya chaals ezz aanu "aphrica corps" roopakalppana cheythath. 1964ll prasidheekaricha roberts. kalikkaar play baalansumaayi bandhapetta niravadhi prasnangal udan shradhikkukayum 1965ll cheruthaayi parishkaricha niyamangalulla randaamathe pathipp purathirakkukayum cheythu. 1978ll randaam pathipp athe niyamangal upayogichu veendum paakkejucheythittunde gadakangal apdettucheythu. rund varshathinu sesham doonn greenwood niyamangal vipulamaayi parishkarikkukayum athinte falamaayundaaya moonnaam pathipp 1980-ll purathirangukayum cheythu.
"1964num 1980num idayil 100,000 unitiladhikam vitazhikkappetta 'afika corps' avalon hill enna chithrathinu bestt sellaraayirunnu. 
sweekaranam.
games & pasilukal" enna yuke maasikayude 7-aamm lakkathil mike nethercoat paranju, "moonnaam lokamahaayudhathinte britiish, komanvelthu prachaaranavumayi maathram bandhapetta churukkam chila yudhangalil onnaanith. ekkaaranathaal, ithu thaarathamyena nerayathinaal, eee raajyathe ettavum janapriyamaaya sheershakangalil onnaanith."kaliyude charitraparamaaya krithyathaye chodyam cheytha nethercoat paranju," "ente kazhchappadil, geyim kooduthal charitraparamaaya yaadhaarthyam nalkunnathinum simuleshan geyim design mekhalayile ettavum puthiya sambhavavikasangalumaayi kaalikamakkunnathinum punaravalokanam aavasyamaanu"."ennirunnaalum," "aphrica corps" "oru aasvaadyakaravum vinodakaravumaaya kaliyaanu"." 
aarr. bii. avalon hilsinte" "aphrica corps", "" "stalingrad", "" "dii-day", "" "baattil oof dhaa balj" enniva europile randaam lokamahaayudhathe valare nannayi ulkkollunnuvennu 1980-ll "" washington "" ennathinu vendi ezhuthiya marther paranju ". avaa kaumaarakkaaril kooduthalum janapriyamaan; yadhaarthathil yudhathil poraadiyavar avare valare krithyathayillaathavaraayi kaanunnu."
1977-ll nicolas pammer thante 'dhii comprehensive guide tuu board wargaming' enna pusthakatthil eee kaliye 'nannayi santhulithavum vegathayeriyathum padikkaan eluppamullathum ennaal bhaagyathe ashrayikkunnathum' ennu visheshippichu."
1980-leeii "dhii complete book oof wargames" enna pusthakatthil, geyim designer joonn freeman paranju, "kaalaavasthaykkaayi kurachu dye rolukalude santhulithaavasthayil valareyadhikam thoongikkidakkunnundaam, ithu jarmman shakthippeduthalineyum punarvitharanatheyum badhikkunnu, pakshe vichitramaaya saadhyathakal ozhike, jarmman saadhyathakal nallathaanu."" "nallath" "ennathinekkurichu mothatthilulla vilayiruthal nalkikkond addeham upasamharichu," "aphrica corps" "cheria charitraparamaaya krithyathayillaathava niranjathaanu, ennaal onnara pathittaandilere kazhinju, eee janapriya thiyettarile ettavum janapriyamaaya geyimaayi ithu thudarunnu"." 
vidyaabhyaasathinum parisheelanathinumulla simulationukal/geyimukalkkulla guide" enna pusthakatthil martin kyaambiyon "aphrica corps" oru eluppamulla kaliyaanennum ennaal charitraparamaaya krithyathaykku ithinu avakaashavaadamillennum paranju. ithu axis vitharanathinte anishchithathvathe prathifalippikkunnu, pakshe orupakshe valare ganyamaayi."