
samboornna pitch

oru reference toninte prayojanamillaathe oru sangeetha swaram thirichariyaano veendum srishtikkaano ulla kazhivaanu perfect pitch (epi) ennu palappozhum vilikkappedunna absolute pitch (epi). bhashaaparamaaya labeling (oru kurippinu "peridal"), maanasika prathichaayaye kurippumayi bandhappedutthal allengil censorimotor prathikaranangal enniva upayogichu aapu pradarshippikkaam. udaaharanathinu, oru aapu udamaykku sariyaaya pichinaayi "vettayaadaathe" oru sangeetha upakaranathil ketta swaram krithyamaayi punarnirmikkaan kazhiyum.
kurichu.
saadhaarana janasamkhyayil eiii. pii. yude aavruthi ariyilla. 10, 000 ll 1 enna anupatham vyaapakamaayi report cheyyappedunnu, pakshe thelivukaliloode pinthunaykkunnilla; 2019 leeii oru avalokanam sangeetha vidyaarthikalkkidayil kuranjathu 4 shathamaanamenkilum vyaapakamenn soochippichu.
saadhaaranayaayi, kevalamaya pitch eee kazhivukalil chilath allengil ellaam soochippikkunnu, oru reference toonn illaathe nedunnu
thikanja swaram" ennu svayam vilikkappedunna aavasyathinanusarichu oru swaram paadaanulla sakhyakakshikalkkulla kazhivu valare apoorvamaanennu thonnunnu.
kevala pitch aapekshika pichil ninnu vyathyasthamaan. nirddishta pichukalkku peru nalkaanulla kazhivu edavelakal thirichariyaan upayogichekkaamenkilum, aapekshika pitch athinte shabdam vazhi nerittu edavela thirichariyum. sangeetha shravyathayilum parisheelanatthilum aapekshikamaya svarakramam poorttheekarichekkaamenkum athu athinte vikasanathe thadassappeduthukayum cheyyum.
aapekshika pitch ullavarum ennaal ithinakam samboornna pitch illaathavarumaaya muthirnnavarkk "kapada-samboornna pitch" padikkaanum upariplavamaaya pichinodu saamyamulla reethiyil nottukal thirichariyaan kazhiyum. chila aalukalkk praayapoorthiyaayappol parisheelanatthiloode krithyamaaya pitch identification vikasippikkaan kazhinju.
shaasthreeya padanangal.
padanatthinteyum padaprayogatthinteyum charithram.
sangeetha swarathinte prathibhaasatthilum athu alakkunnathinulla reethikalilum shradha kendreekarichu 19-aamm noottaandil samboornna swarathekkurichulla shaasthreeya padanangal aarambhichu. pitch referenceukal sthirathayillaathathinaal samboornna pitch enna ashayam neratthe roopappedunnathu budhimuttaayirikkum. udaaharanathinu, pathonpathaam noottaandinte avasaanathil standerdisationu munbu jii sharpa bii flaattaayum kanakkaakkappedunna 'eiii' ennariyappedunna swaram vyathyastha praadeshika allengil deseeya sangeetha paarambaryangalil vyathyaasappettirikkunnu. pathonpathaam noottaandinte avasaanathode britiish, jarmman gaveshakar "kevala pitch" allengil "samboornna chevi" enna padam upayogichirunnuvenkilum, athinte prayogam saarvathrikamayirunnilla; "sangeetha chevi", "samboornna swara bodham" allengil "positteev pitch" polulla mattu padangal athe kazhivine soochippikkunnu. eee vaidagdhyam samgeethathinte maathram kaaryamalla. 
praadhamika samvedanathilalla, arivile vyathyasam.
shaareerikamaayum pravarthanaparamaayum, oru samboornna shrothaavinte shravana samvidaanam theerchayaayum oru samboornna shrothaavil ninnu vyathyasthamalla. pakaram, "ithu aavruthi vivarangal vishakalanam cheyyaanulla oru prathyeka kazhivine prathifalippikkunnu, orupakshe uyarnna thalatthilulla courtical prosessing ulppedunnu."freekwansiyude memory, freakwensick oru label (" "bii-phlait" "polullava), aaa kattagarikkal label ulkkollunna shabdathinte paridhiyilekku exposure enniva aavasyamulla oru cognision pravarthanamaanu kevala pitch". nirangal, shabdangal (samsaarashabdangal) allengil indriya uthejakangalekkurichulla mattu vargeekamaaya daaranakal enniva thirichariyunnathinu samboornna pitch nerittu samanamaayirikkum. udaaharanathinu, mikka aalukalum prakaashamaayi kanakkaakkappedunna vaidyuthakaanthika vikiranathinte aavruthikalude paridhi anusarichu "neela" enna niram thirichariyaanum peridaanum padichu, jeevithathinte thudakkathil thanne perukalkkoppam sangeetha svarangalkku vidheyaraakkappettavarkk sii enna swaram thirichariyaan kooduthal saadhyathayund. oru prathyeka samskaarathil aalukal anubavikkunna samgeethathodulla sanbarkkathinte nilavaravum tharavum moolam sakthamaaya pakshapaathamulla oru pothu manushya seshiyallaathe matonnumalla" ennu orikkal karuthiyirunnuvenkilum, samboornna pitch janithaka vyathiyaanam, orupakshe oru autosomal aadhipathya janithaka swabhaavam ennivaye swaadheenichekkaam.
samgeethaanubhavathinte swaadheenam.
samgeethathodulla saamskaarika sanbarkkam, prathyekichu thulya swabhaavamulla sii-mejar skeyil parichayappeduthunnathil, samboornna pitch sensine swaadheenikkunnuvennu thelivukal soochippikkunnu. eee kaaryatthil pareekshicha bhooribhaagam shrothaakkalum sii-mejar tonukale kooduthal vishwasaneeyamaayum bii ozhike, anchu "black qee" tonukalekkaal vegathilum thiricharinju, ithu saadhaarana sangeetha anubavangalil eee tonukalude uyarnna vyaapanavumayi poruthappedunnu. dutch samgeethajnjarallaathavarekkurarathu oru padanatthil saadhaarana samsaarathil sii-mejar tonukal upayogikkunnathinodu pakshapaatham kaanichu, prathyekichu oonnalumaayi bandhapetta aksharangalil.
bhaashaashaasthram.
chainees allengil vietnaamees bhaashakalude mikka bhaashaabhedangalum polulla tonel bhashakal samsaarikkunnavarkkidayil samboornna pitch kooduthalaayi kaanapedunnu, ithu ore shabdamullah vaakkukale verthirichariyaan pitch vyathiyaanathe aasrayichirikkunnu-iii.jii.naalu saadhyamaaya tonel vyathiyanangalulla manderine, onpathulla cantonese, ezho etto ulla thekkan minitt (bhaashaabhedathe aashrayich), aarr ulla vietnaamees. sino-tibattan bhashakal samsarikkunnavar vyathyastha divasangalil ore samboornna swarathil (call-toninullil) oru vaakk samsaarikkunnathayi reportund; athinaal sisukkal oru tonel bhasha samsarikkaan padikkumbol (orupakshe sisukkal oru pitch-aaksant bhasha samsarikkaan padikkumbol) samboornna swaram nedaamennu nirddeshikkappettittund. ennirunnaalum, tonel-langwej samsaarikkunnavarude thalachoru swaabhaavikamaayi sangeetha shabdathe bhashayaayi prosess cheiyunnilla; atharam samsaarikkunnavarkk pinneedu sangeetha pariseelanam labhikkumbol sangeetha tonukalkku samboornna pitch nedaanulla saadhyatha kooduthalaanu. oru swarabhaasha samsaarikkunna niravadhi thaddeshiyar, sangeetha pariseelanam kuravullavar polum, oru nischitha gaanam sthiramaaya swarathil aalapikkunnath nireekshikkappedunnu. kizhakkan eshyan vamseeya paarambaryatthile sangeetha vidyaarthikalil, oru toonn bhasha nannayi samsaarikkunnavarkk oru toonn bhasha samsaarikkathavarekkaal samboornna pichinte vyaapanam kooduthalaanu.
moonnu pitch levalukalulla yoruba, naalu pitch levalukalulla mambila thudangiya aafrikkan level toonn bhashakal kizhakkan eshyayile pitch, kondoor toonn bhashakalekkaal samsaarathile samboornna pichinte punk padikkaan anuyojyamaanu.
europian bhashakal samsarikkunnavar samsaarikkumbol oru samboornna pitch memory upabodhamanass upayogikkunnu.
dhaarana.
pitch klaas manassilakkaanum pitch klaas anusarichu shabdangale maanasikamaayi tharamthirikkanumulla kazhivaanu kevala pitch. okdevukalude ennam maathram akaleyulla ellah pichukaludeyum koottamaanu pitch klaas. sangeetha svarangalude vibhaagangalude athirthikal manushya samskaarangalkkidayil vyathyaasappedumbol, ashtaka bandhangalude amgeekaaram sasthanikalude shravanavyavasthayude swaabhaavika savisheshathayaanu. athanusarichu, pitch-evoking freekwansiyude (30-5000 hz) alavil ninnu oru pitch moolyam kanakkakkaanulla kazhivalla kevala pitch, marichu pitch klaasinte alavil (udha.jii.sii-sii-dii... bii-sii).
oru samboornna shrothaavinte kelvibodham saadhaaranayaayi oru noonn-absolute ("saadhaarana") shrothaavinekkaal theekshnamalla. samboornna pitch shabda aavruthikalude gradationukal thirichariyunnathinum vivechanam kaanikkunnathinumulla oru parishkritha kazhivine aasrayichirikkunnilla, marichu saadhaaranayaayi "chroma" ennu vilikkunna oru aathmanishtamaaya perseptual gunanilavaaram kandethunnathinum tharamthirikkunnathinum aasrayichirikkunnu. rund jolikal-thirichariyal (oru pitch thirichariyukayum peridukayum cheyyuka), vivechanam (vibration nirakkile maattangalo vyathyaasangalo kandethuka)-vyathyastha mastishka samvidaanangal upayogichaanu poortthiyaakkunnathu.
prathyeka janasamkhya.
opttik naadi hypoplassiayude falamaayi jananam muthal andharaayavaril samboornna pichinte vyaapanam kooduthalaanu.
kizhakkan eshyayil kuttikkalam chelavazhichavaril samboornna pitch valare saadhaaranamaanu. ithu oru janithaka vyathyaasamaayi thonniyekkaam; ennirunnaalum, vadakke amerikkayil valarnna kizhakkan eshyan vamshajaraaya aalukalkk kizhakkan eshyayil valarnnavarekkaal samboornna pitch vikasippikkanulla saadhyatha valare kuravaanu, athinaal vyathyasam anubhavathiloode vishadeekarikkappedaam. samsaarikkunna bhasha oru pradhana gadakamaayirikkaam; pala kizhakkan eshyakkaarum manderine, cantonese, thaay thudangiya tonel bhashakal samsaarikkumbol mattullavar (jappanilum koriyayile chila pravishyakalilum ullavar polullavar) pitch-sent bhashakal samsaarikkunnu, koodaathe jeevithathinte thudakkathil thanne ardhavathaaya sangeetha labelukalkkoppam pichukal thurannukaattunnathiloode samboornna pichinte vyaapanam bhaagikamaayi vishadeekarikkaam.
vilyams syndrome ullavarkkum oottisam spectrum desorder ullavarkkum idayil samboornna pitch sheshi kooduthalaanu, autistic aalukalil 30 sathamaanam vare perkku samboornna pitch undennu avakaashappedunnu. noonn-verbal piano-matching reethi oottisavum kevala pichum thammil 97 sathamaanam paraspara bandhatthinum noonn-autistic nireekshakaril 53 sathamaanam paraspara bandhatthinum kaaranamaayi. ennirunnaalum, autistic spectrum disordezhsile pradhana kuravaaya saamoohika, ashayavinimaya kazhivukalillaathavarum samboornna pitch ullavarum thammil vyathyasamonnum kandethaatha gaveshanangal ithine ethirkkunnathaayi soochippikkunnilla. koodaathe, samboornna pitch grouppinte oottisam-spectrum bhagam "klinikkal paridikk valare thaazheyaayirunnu".
prakrithi virudha. pariposhippikkuka.
shravanavikasanathinte nirnaayaka kaalaghattatthil eathoru manushyan samboornna pitch nedaanaakum, athinusesham vaijnjaanika thanthrangal aagolavum parasparabandhithavumaya prakriya anukoolikkunnu. nirnnayaka-kaalayalav sidhaanthathinte vakthaakkal, samboornna pitch sheshiyude saannidhyam padanatthe aashrayichirikkunnuvennu sammathikkunnu, ennaal pariseelanam samboornna kazhivukal sambhavikkaan kaaranamaakunnundo atho parisheelanatthinte abhavam sangeetha edavelakalekkurichulla aapekshika daaranayaal samboornna dhaarana amithamaakukayum illaathaakkukayum cheiyunnundo ennathinekkurichu abhipraayavyathyaasamund.
onno athiladhikamo janithaka lokki samboornna pitch kazhivine badhikkum, ithu kazhivu padikkunnathino allengil athinte swaabhaavika sambhavathinte saadhyathaye soochippikkunnathino ulla oru pravanathayaanu.
oru noottaandilereyaayi laborattari krameekaranangalil samboornna pitch kazhivu padippikkaan gaveshakar shramikkunnu, 1900 kalude thudakkam muthal vividha vaanijyaparamaaya samboornna pitch pariseelana kozhsukal pothujanagalkk vaagdaanam cheiyunnundu. 2013-ll, pareekshanakaarikal report cheythath anticiser marunnu vaalproyett (vii. pii. eiii) edutha muthirnna purushanmaar "placibo edukkunnathinekkaal nannayi pitch thirichariyaan padichu-muthirnna manushya masthishkathil vii. pii. eiii nirnaayaka kaalayalavile patanam sugamamaakkiyathinte thelivu" ennaanu. ennirunnaalum, muthirnnavararum poornnamaaya sravanaseshi nediyathaayi rekhappeduthiyittil, kaaranam epi parisheelanathinu sesham aupachaarikamaayi pareekshikkapetta ellah muthirnnavarum "yogyathayillaatha krithyatha" prakadippikkunnathil parajayappettu... eiii. pii udamakalumaayi thaarathamyappeduthaam ".
sangeetha pashchaathalavumaayi bandhapetta pitch memory.
valare kurachu aalukalkk baahya reference illaathe oru pichinu peru nalkaanulla kazhivundengilum, aavarthichulla exposure vazhi pitch memory sajeevamakkaan kazhiyum. vidagtharaaya gaayakarallaatha aalukal palappozhum sariyaaya keeyil janapriya ganangal alapikkum, koodaathe tivi theemukal thettaaya keeyilekk maattunnath eppozhaanennu saadhaaranayaayi thirichariyaan kazhiyum. dakshinaafrikkayile venda samskaarathile amgangalum pattukal padichathinte thacol parichithamaaya kuttikalude pattukal aalapikkunnu.
eee prathibhaasathinu sangeetha parisheelanavumaayi yaathoru bandhavumilla. eee vaidagdhyam shabda nirmmaanavumaayi kooduthal aduthu bandhappettirikkam. suzuki reethi padikkunna vayalin vidyaarthikal oro rachana oru nischitha keeyil oormmippikkukayum avarude upakaranathil oormmayil ninnu play cheyyukayum venam, pakshe avar paadanamennilla. pareekshichappol, eee vidyaarthikalkku yadhaartha, sthiramaaya keeyil oormmayil vacha suzuki ganangal alapikkunnathil vijayikkanaayilla.
saadhyamaaya prasnangal.
samboornnamaaya daaranayulla samgeethajnjarkku mattu samgeethajnjarkku nilavilillaattha budhimuttukal anubhavappedaam. oru samgeethasamvidhaanam athinte yadhaartha keeyil ninnu maattiyittundenno allengil oru pitch nilavaaramillaatha aavruthiyilaanu (moorchayullatho parannathaayo) nirmmikkunnathennum thirichariyaan samboornna shrothaakkalkk kazhivullathinaal, samboornna pichulla oru samgeethajnjan "thettaanenn" vishwasikkunna svarangal manassilaakkumbozho thettaaya keeyil "oru sangeetha kashanam" kelkkumbozho vishamichekkaam. ithu prathyekichu barok tuningle record cheytha barok samgeethathinu baadhakamaan (saadhaaranayaayi 440 hertsinu pakaram a = 415 hearts, i.iii.", ekadesham oru araa padi allengil saadhaarana kacheri pichinekkaal kuranja semiton). oru samboornna shrothaav aapekshika thanthrangal upayogichu kooduthal kaaryakshamamaayi poortthiyaakkunna jolikalkkaayi samboornna thanthrangal upayogichekkaam, udaaharanathinu transposition allengil staanderd thulya swabhaavavumaayi poruthappedaattha aavruthikalkku aikyam srishtikkuka. oru nischitha kanvenshan nirvachichirikkunnathupo ellah svarangalum athath swarathil ninnu alpam parannatho alpam moorchayullatho aaya samboornna svarakramam chila samgeethajnjarkku maattisthaapikkaanum saadhyathayund. upayogathilullathu ozhikeyulla oru kacheri pitch kanvenshanilekku tyoon cheytha oru upakaranathil ninnu pichinte perukal padikkunnathil ninnu ithu undakam, "iii.jii.", a = 435 hearts (19-aamm noottaandinte avasaanathilum 20-aamm noottaandinte thudakkathilumulla paarees ooppara kanvenshan) anglo-american aadhunika staanderd a = 440 hertsinu vipareethamaayi. mattu samgeethajnjarumaayi grouppukalaayi kalikkumbol, ithu groupile mattu samgeethajnjaril ninnu alpam vyathyasthamaaya oru tonelityil kalikkunnathilekku nayichekkaam.
sinestheshya.
samgeethavumaayi bandhappettathum samgeethavumaayi bandhamillaathathumaaya sinestheshya/ideastheshyayumaayi janithaka ovarlaappu kaanikkunnathaanu samboornna pitch. avar chila kurippukaleyo thaakolukaleyo vyathyastha nirangalumayi bandhappeduthiyekkaam, ithu eathenkilum kurippo thacolo enthaanennu parayaan avare praptharaakkunnu. eee padanatthil, thikanja pitch ullavaril ekadesham 20 sathamaanam perum sinesthettukalaanu.
parasparabandhangal.
autistic janasamkhyayil kevala pichinte uyarnna nirakk undennathinu thelivukalundu. pala padanangalum oottisathile pitch kazhivukal parishodhichittundu, pakshe karsanamaayi thikanja pitch allah, ithu avaye vivaadamaakkunnu. oottisam ulla ethra perkku ithu kaaranam thikanja pitch undennu vyakthamalla. 2009leeii oru padanatthil, oottisam baadhicha 72 kaumaarakkaare gaveshakar padikkukayum 20 sathamaanam kaumaarakkaarkkum pichukal kandethanulla ganyamaaya kazhivundennu kandethukayum cheythu. oottisam ulla kuttikal pichile maattangalodu prathyekichum sensitiivu aanu.
sangeetha prathibhakalumayi parasparabandham.
vidagthamaaya sangeetha prakadanatthino rachanaykko samboornna pitch oru munvyavasthayalla. ennirunnaalum, samboornna pitch illaathavare apekshichu samboornna pitch ulla sangeethanjjar sangeetha transcription jolikalil (aarambikkunna praayavum sangeetha parisheelanatthinte alavum niyanthrikkunnath) mikacha prakadanam kaazhchavaykkunnuvennathi thelivukalundu. sangeetha edavelakal thirichariyunnathil samboornna pitch illaathathinekkaal moshamaayi samboornna pitch ulla sangeethanjjar prakadanam nadathunnundennu munbu vaadikkappettirunnu; ennirunnaalum, eee nigamanathe adisthaanamaakkiyulla pareekshanangalil oru aartifaakt adangiyirikkunnu, eee aartifaakt neekkam cheythappol, sangeetha edavelakal thirichariyumbol samboornna pitch udamakal nonposesarukalekkaal mikacha prakadanam kaazhchavaykkunnathaayi kandethi.

