
rhodium (III) chloride

rhodium (iii) chloride ennathu rhcl3 (h2o) "n" enna soothravaakyamulla ajaiva samyukthangale soochippikkunnu, ivide "n" 0 muthal 3 vare vyathyaasappedunnu. iva octahedral rh (iii) kendrangal ulkkollunna diamagnetic kharapadaarthangalaanu. n" ennathinte moolyathe aashrayich, eee padaartham onnukil idathoornna thavittuniratthilulla kharamo layikkunna chuvanna uppo aanu. layikkunna trihydrated (n = 3) uppu ekeekritha kaattalisisil upayogikkunna samyukthangal thayyarakkan vyaapakamaayi upayogikkunnu, prathyekichu asattik aasidinteyum hydroformyelationteyum vyaavasaayika ulppaadanathinu.
gadanakal.
rhodium trichloride athinte vividha hydrateukalum rodiyathinte sthirasthithi haalaidukalaayi kanakkakkaam. ithinu vipareethamaayi, athinte bharam kuranja cobalt oru sthirathayulla trichloride undakkunnilla, pradhaanamaayum cobalt (ii) chloridaayi labhyamaan. 
anhydrus rhodium (iii) chloride.
anhydrus rhodium chloride idathoornna chuvapp-thavitt niramulla kharapadaarthamaanu. ex-reey christalography anusarichu, tidi ycl3, alcl3 ennivaykkum kaanapedunna roopathil christalise cheiyunnu (mukalil valathuvashathulla chithram kaanuka). loha kendrangal octahedral aanu, haalaidukal eratti bridging aanu. arhcl3 sweekaricha octahedral molecular jyamiti mikka rhodium (III) complexukaludeyum savisheshathayaanu. saadhaarana layakangalil eee jalarahithamaya padaartham layikkathathum aaa kaaranathaal laboratariyil ithinu valia moolyamilla.
jalamshavum jaleeya laayanikalum.
jalamshamulla rhodium trichloride vyaapakamaayi vipananam cheyyappedukayum palappozhum upayogikkukayum cheiyunnundenkilum, eee chuvanna kharapadaarthathinte ghadana chrystalographic reethiyil vyakthamakkiyittilla. eee chuvanna kharapadaarthathe (pettiyile chithram kaanuka) palappozhum rhcl3 (h2o) 3 ennu visheshippikkaarundengil eee ghadana chrystalographicayi sthireekarichittilla.
rhodium trichloride hydratinte" jaleeya laayanikalude savisheshatha 103 arh enmr spectroscopy aanu. niravadhi enangal kandethiyittundu, avayude anupatham kaalathinanusarichu maarukayum chloridinte saandrathaye aasrayichirikkunnu. eee enangalude aapekshika vitharanam manja (hexakwo ayoon) muthal "raspberry-redu" vareyulla laayanikalude niram nirnnayikkunnu. eee enangalil chilath akwo complexukal [rh (h2o) 6] 3 +, [rhcl (h2o) 5] 2 +, "sis"-, "trans"-[rhcl2 (h2o) 4] +, koodaathe [rhcl3 (h2o) 3] nte rund isomerukal ennivayaanu. ayoon exchange chromatography vazhi eee enangale verthirikkukayum vyakthigathamayi yuvi-vis spectroscopy savisheshatha nalkukayum cheiyunnu.
thayyaareduppu.
plaattinam, iridium thudangiya mattu plaattinam group lohangalil ninnu rhodium shudheekarikkunnathil ninnu labhikkuna Na3rhcl6 polulla lavanangalil ninnaan rhcl3 (h2o) 3 uthppaadippikkunnathu. ayoon exchange chromatography vazhi trisodium uppu echu3arhcl6 aayi parivartthanam cheiyunnu. vellathil ninnulla eee acidity uppu veendum krameekarikkunnath jalamshamulla trichloride nalkunnu, chilappol ithine layikkunna rhodium trichloride ennu vilikkunnu."200-300 °C-ll rhodium sponch lohavumaayi chlorin prathipravarthippichaanu anhydrus rhcl3 thayyarakkunnathu. 800 digri selshyasinu mukalil, anhydrus chloride arh lohamayum chlorine maarunnu.
ekopana samuchayangal.
athinte laayanikalude sankeernnatha undaayirunnittum, uyarnna vilavil thayyarakkiya vaividhyamaarnna samuchayangalude munnodiyaanu jalamshamulla rhodium trichloride.eee samuchayangal saadhaaranayaayi pakara prathikaranangaliloode undaakunnu, athuvazhi chuvadeyulla vibhagangalil vivarichirikkunnathu vellathinteyum chloridinteyum sthaanathu kooduthal adisthaana ligandukal varunnu. jalamshamulla rhodium trichloride dhruva jaiva laayakangalude shreniyil layikkunnuvenna vasthuthayaan eee prathikaranangal sugamamaakkunnath.
ooksijan, naitrajan adisthaanamaakkiyulla ligandukal.
mukalil charcha cheytha chloro-akwo complexukal ooksijan adhishtitha ligandukalumaayulla rhodium chlorideukalude bandhatthinte thelivukal nalkunnu. rhodium trichloride asattilaasettonumaayi prathipravartthichu rhodium asattilaasettonettu nalkunnu. 
rhodium trichloridinte jaleeya laayanikal amoniayumaayi prathipravartthichu uppu pentaminerodium chloride, [rhcl (nh3) 5] cl2 nalkunnu. mattu loha-amine complexukale sambandhichidatholam, "ammeen" enna padam oru loha ionumaayi bandhippichirikkunna amonia ligandaayi soochippikkunnu. eee kaatteshan sink kuraykkunnathinushesham sulfate cherkkunnath niramillaatha hydride complexes [echrh (enh3) 5] zoo4 nalkunnu. chila rhodium ammin chlorideukal rhodium athinte ayirukalil ninnu shudheekarikkaan upayogikkunnu.
ethanolinteyum pyridine (paii) yudeyum mishrithathil thilappikkumbol, jalamshamulla rhodium trichloride trans-[rhcl2 (paii) 4] cly maarunnu. oru reductantinte abhaavathil, prathikaranam "mukham"-[rhcl3 (py) 3] nalkunnu, ithu theother derivetteevukalkk samaanamaan. pyridine, arhcl3 (echu2oo) 3 ennivayude jaleeya ethanolic layani vaayuviloode ookseekaranam cheiyunnathu neela paramagnetic ooksijan-mishrita samyuktham nalkunnu. 
theoethars thritheeya phosphinukalum.
rhodium (III) thyoeethar, phosphine, arsins thudangiya mriduvaaya levis aditharakalulla niravadhi samuchayangalum roopappeduthunnu. atharam ligandukal rh (iii) complexukal undaakkunnu, ennaal "haard" n-, o-adhishtitha ligaandukalil ninnu vyathyasthamayi, eee complexukal palappozhum rh (i) derivateevukalaayi kuraykkaam. alcoholukalile rhodium trichloridinte layaneeyathayaanu prathikaranangal sugamamaakkunnath, ithu jaiva ligandukaleyum layikkunnu. athinaal, jalamshamulla rhodium trichloridinte ethanolic laayanikal diethyl sulfideumaayi prathipravartthikkunnu
lipophilic layakangalil layikkunna anhydrus rhodium trichloridinte uravidamaayi eee samuchayam upayogichittundu. atharam samuchayangalude "phaas", "merr" stereoisomerukal verthiricheduthittundu.
thritheeya phosphinukalumaayulla mithamaaya saahacharyangalil rhcl3 (h2o) 3-nte prathikaranam melpparanja theother complexukalkku samanamaaya aadktukal nalkunnu. eee prathikaranangal thilaykkunna ethanol laayaniyil nadathumbol, kuravundaakukayum ithu rhodium (i) derivetteevukalilekku nayikkukayum cheiyunnu. wilkinsons kaattalist ennariyappedunna [rhcl (pph3) 3] oru prashasthamaaya derivative aanu. onnukil ethanol laayakamo phosphino reductantaayi pravartthikkunnu
aalkkeenukalum kaarban monoxide.
mattu vaayu sthirathayulla loha lavanangalil ninnu vyathyasthamayi, jalamshamulla rhodium trichloride kaarban monoxide niravadhi olefinukalumaayum mithamaaya saahacharyangalil (ooshmaavinaduthu, oru anthareeksham) prathipravartthikkunnu. eee swabhaavam organorhodium samyukthangalude vipulamaaya shekharathilekkulla vaathilukal thurakkunnu. eee substrateukalil bhooribhaagavum rhodium (iii) rhodium (i) aayi kurayaan kaaranamaakunnu. thathfalamaayundaakunna rh (i) samuchayangal kaarban adhishtitha ligandukale paii-backbonding vazhi edapazhakunnu.
olefinukalumaayulla jalamshamulla rhodium trichloridinte prathikaranam rh2cl2 (alkeen) 4 enna tharatthilulla samyukthangal nalkunnu. prathyekichum, ethylene chlorobis (ethylene) rhodium diamer () nalkunnu. 1, 5-cycloctadian upayogichu cycloctadian rhodium chloride diamer () uthpaadippikkappedunnu.
jalamshamulla rhodium trichloride cyclopentadeenukal upayogichu samskarikkumbol, orgaanomettaalik haff sandwich samyukthangal utppaadippikkaan kazhiyum. udaaharanathinu, choodulla methanol jalamshamulla rhodium trichloride pentaamethailsaiklopenti cherthu samskarikkunnath khara pentaamethailsaiklopentail rhodium dichloride diamerinte mazhayilekku nayikkunnu
methanolile jalamshamulla rhodium trichloridinte oru layani kaarban monoxidemaayi prathipravartthichu echu [arhcl2 (qoo) 2] uthpaadippikkunnu, athil dicarbonyldichloridorhor (aii) ayoon adangiyirikkunnu. soodiyam sitrettinte saannidhyathil oru reductant enna nilayil kooduthal carbonylation tetrarodium dodecarbonyl, rh4 (co) 12, oru rhodium (0) klasttar samyukthathilekku nayikkunnu. soolid rhcl3 (h2o) 3 ozhukunna koyumaayi prathipravartthichu asthira samyuktham [(qoo) 2rh (μ-cl)] 2 nalkunnu.
hydroformylation kattalisinekkurichulla vipulamaaya anweshanangalil niravadhi arh-qoo-phosphine complexukal thayyaaraakkiyittund. rhcl (pph3) 3 koyumaayi prathipravartthichu "trans"-rhcl (co) (pph3) 2 nalkunnu, ithu vaaskayude complexinekkaal nucleophilic kuravaanu. "trans"-rhcl (co) (pph3) 2, naabh4, pph3 ennivayude misrithavumaayi prathipravartthichu aalkkeenukalude hydroformylationulla valare sajeevamaaya uthejakamaaya hrh (co) (pph3) 3 nalkunnu.
catalis.
1960kalil thudangi, qoo, echu2, alkeen enniva ulppedunna vividha prathikaranangalil arhcl3 (echu2oo) 3 kaattalittikkaayi sajeevamaanenn theliyikkapettu. eee samyukthangal adisthaana petrochemical feedstokkukalaanu, athinaal avayude krithrimathvam anantharafalamaakaam. udaaharanathinu, rhcl3 (h2o) 3 "sis", "trans" 2-beautein ennivayude mishrithathilekku etheene dimerise cheiyunnathaayi kaanichu
melpparanja ethylene complexukal ethylene dimerisationil catalysis ulppedunnuvennu kaanichu. ithum anubandhamaaya niravadhi kandethalukalum ekeekritha kaattalisisinte annathe yuva mekhalaye pariposhippichu, athil kaattalistukal substratinoppam maadhyamathil layikkunnu. eee yugathinu munbu, mikka loha kaattalistukalum "vaividhyamaarnna" aayirunnu.iii. kaattalistukal kharavasthukkalaayirunnu, substrateukal draavakamo vaathakangalo aayirunnu. 
piechu3-ll ninnu uruthirinja samuchayangal kaattalittikkaayum jaiva layakangalil layikkunnathaayum sajeevamaanenn kandethiyathaan homogeneous kaattalisisile mattoru munnettam, atharam kaattalistukalil ettavum ariyappedunnathu aalkkeenukalude hydrajaneshan isomerisation uthejippikkunna wilkinsons kaattalistaanu. 
aalkkeenukalude hydroformylation anubandha rhh (co) (pph3) 3 kondu uthejippikkunnu. rhodium catalysis valare kaaryakshamamaan, ithu vilakuranja cobalt kaattalisttukale adisthaanamaakkiyulla muun saankethikavidyaye ganyamaayi maatti.
suraksha.
rhodium (iii) chloride directive 67/548 eec-yude annex I-nuu keezhil pattikappedutthiyittil, pakshe saadhaaranayaayi "hanikaram", r22: "vizhungiyaal doshakaramaanu" ennu tharamthirikkunnu. chila arh samyukthangal cancer virudha marunnukalaayi anweshikkappettittund. ithu toxic padaartha niyanthrana niyamatthinte (tii. ezz. sii. eiii) pattikayil ulppeduthiyittundu.