loha gettu

oru laattaral mettal-ooksaid-semikandaktar (moss) staakkinte pashchaathalatthil, traansisttarinte chanalil ninnu oru ooksaid verthirikkunna gettu electrodaanu oru mettal gettu-gettu metteeriyal oru lohathil ninnaan nirmmichirikkunnathu. 1970 kalude pakuthi muthal mikka moss traansisttarukalilum lohathinullah "emm" oru noonn-mettal gettu metteeriyal upayogichu maattisthaapichu.
aluminium gettu.
aadyathe mosphet (mettal-ooksaid-semikandaktar feeld-ephakt traansisttar) 1959 ll bell laabukalil mohammed attallayum daavon kaangum chernnu nirmmikkukayum 1960 ll pradarshippikkukayum cheythu. avar silikkan chaanal meteeriyalaayum svayam-vinyasikkaatha aluminium gettaayum upayogichu. aluminium gettu mettal (saadhaaranayaayi wafer uparithalathil baashpeekarana vaakvam chembaril nikshepikkappedunnu) 1970 kalude thudakkathil saadhaaranamaayirunnu.
poolisilikkan.
1970 kalude avasaanathode, nirmmaana sankeernathakalum prakadana prashnangalum kaaranam mettal-ooksaid-ardhachaalaka staakkile gettu metteeriyalaayi vyavasaayam aluminiyathil ninnu maari. aluminiyathinu pakaram poolisilikkan (polychrystaline silikkan, athinte vaidyutha prathirodham kuraykkunnathinu daathaakkalo sweekarthaakkalo upayogichu uyarnna alavil kuthivayppu) enna oru metteeriyal upayogichu.
raasa neeravi nikshepathiloode (sii. vii. dii) poolisilikkan eluppathil nikshepikkaan kazhiyum, koodaathe lohamillaathidathu valare uyarnna thaapanila (<aii. dii. 1> digri selshyasil kooduthal) ulppedunna thudarnnulla nirmmaana ghattangalodu ithu sahishnutha pulartthunnu. prathyekichum, eee taapa aniling ghattangalil lohathinu (saadhaaranayaayi aluminium oru tharam III (pii-type) dopant) silikkanilekku (aloy upayogichu) chitharaanulla pravanathayundu. prathyekichum, kristtal ooriyanteshanulla oru silikkan vepharil upayogikkumbol, adisthaana silikkanumaayi aluminium amithamaayi aloy cheiyunnathu (vipuleekaricha uyarnna thaapanila prosessing ghattangalil ninnu) aluminiyathinu keezhilulla defuse cheytha phettu sozhs allengil draine eriyakalkkidayil oru short surcuted srishtikkum. silikkan-aluminium aloy silikkan vepharilekku lambamaayi "thaazhekku" choondikkaanikkunna pyramid aakruthiyilulla spikkukalaanu eee shorttukal srishtikkunnathu. silikkanil aluminium aanil cheiyunnathinulla praayogika uyarnna thaapanila paridhi 450 digri selshyas kramathilaanu.
svayam-vinyasicha gettukalude eluppathilulla nirmmaanathinum poolisilikkan aakarshakamaan. uravidathinteyum draine dopant maalinyangaludeyum implaanteshan allengil defusion gettu upayogichu nadathunnu, ithu paalikale thettayi vinyasikkanulla saadhyathayulla adhika lithographic ghattangalillathe gettumaayi poornnamaayum vinyasichirikkunna oru chaanalilekk nayikkunnu.
enn. emm. oo. ezz., sii. emm. oo. ezz. enniva.
enn. emm. oo. ezz, sii. emm. oo. ezz. saankethikavidyakalil, kaalakramena uyarnna thapanilayilum, gettu ghadana upayogikkunna positteev voltageukal positteev charjju cheytha gettinu keezhil nerittu nilavilulla positteev charjju cheytha soodiyam maalinyangal gettu dialectriciloode vyaapikkukayum positteev charjju kuranja chaanal uparithalathilekku maarukayum cheyyum, avide positteev soodiyam charge chaanal srishtiyil uyarnna swaadheenam cheluthunnu, angane oru enn-chaanal traansisttarinte threashold volteju kuraykkukayum kaalakramena paraajayangalkk kaaranamaakukayum cheiyunnu. munbathe pii. emm. oo. ezz saankethikavidyakal eee phalathodu samvedanakshamathayullavayiranu, kaaranam positteev charjju cheytha soodiyam swaabhaavikamaayum negatteevu charjju cheytha gettilekku aakarshikkappedukayum chanalil ninnu akannunilkkukayum cheiyunnathinaal threashold volteju shifttukal kuraykkunnu. enn-chaanal, mettal gettu prakriyakal prakriyakal aaa samayaparidhiyil nedaan prayaasamulla valare uyarnna nilavaaramulla shuchithvam (sodiyathinte abhavam) earppeduthi, ithu uyarnna uthppaadanachelavinu kaaranamaakunnu. poolisilikkan gettukal ore prathibhaasathodu sensitiivu aanenkilum, thudarnnulla uyarnna thaapanila prosessing samayat (saadhaaranayaayi "gettaring" ennu vilikkunnu) cheria alavil echcl vaathakathin vidheyamaakukayum eathenkilum sodiyavumaayi prathipravartthikkukayum athumaayi bandhichu naakl roopappedukayum vaathakapravaahathil kondupookukayum cheiyunnu, ithu adisthaanaparamaayi soodiyam rahita gettu ghadanaye vishwaasyatha vardhippikkunnu.
ennirunnaalum, praayogika thalangalil dopp cheytha poolisilikkan lohangalude poojyathinaduthulla vaidyutha prathirodham vaagdaanam cheiyunnilla, athinaal traansisttarinte gettu kappaasittans charge cheiyunnathinum discharge cheiyunnathinum anuyojyamalla, ithu mandagathiyilulla sarkyoottin kaaranamakum.
aadhunika prakriyakal lohathilekku madangunnu.
45 enm nodil ninnu, mettal gettu saankethikavidya thirichethunnu, intal vikasanangalal munnirayilulla hye-dilectric (hye-κ) metteeriyalukalude upayogathodoppam.
mettal gettu electrodinulla sthaanaarthikal, enmos, taa, taann, enby (single mettal gettu), pimos dablyuen/ruoo 2 (pimos mettal gettu saadhaaranayaayi lohathinte rund paalikalaal nirmmichathaanu) ennivayaanu. eee layani kaaranam, chaanalile strain sheshi mechappeduthaan kazhiyum (mettal gettu vazhi). koodaathe, ithu gettil kuranja vaidyutha pravaham (vibrationukal) saadhyamaakkunnu (lohathinullile electronukalude swabhaavam kaaranam).

