
mothira hobson

pell hobson (, bedford kaundiyil 7 juulai 1879-metskylayil 4 juun 1919) amerikkayil janicha oru russian nadiyum gaayikayum narthakiyum caber aarttistumaayirunnu.
aadyakaala jeevitam.
1879 juulai 7 nuu bedford kaundiyil susanne hobson anjjaathanaaya (orupakshe vellakkaranaaya) pithaavinum pell lilian hobson janichu. 1870-ll, yunaittad stetts sensus prakaram, susan avarude makan pompy (jananam 1869) ippozhum avarude maathaapithaakkalude veettilaanu thaamasichirunnathu. ennirunnaalum, 1880 aayappozhekkum avar pompey (1870), claude (1872), virgenia (1874), romeo (jananatheeyathi anjjaatham) enningane niravadhi kuttikale prasavikkukayum gaarhikamaayi jolie cheiyunna oru praadeshika boarding hausil thaamasikkukayum cheythu. 1880 leeii us sensasil muthine orikkalum pattikappedutthiyittil, 1883 ll avarude maranasamayathu avarude janana varshamaayi upayogichirunnathinaal mattoru theeyathiyil janichathakaam. oduvil hobson kudumbam ronokkilekku thamasam maari.
1898-ll, 19-aamm vayassil (allengil 15), muthu vadakku newyorkkilekku kudiyeri, avide avar liv-inn house keepparayi jolie thedi vividha newyork pathrangalil parasyangal idaykkide poost cheythu. 1900 aayappozhekkum avar leventrit kudumbatthinte oru velakkariyaayi.
currier.
florida creol penkuttikal (1902-1903).
1901-leeii venalkkaalath, franch nadiyum austriyan kodeeswaranaaya baaran erlancharude bharyayumaaya nina diwa pathinonnu karutha vanithakal adangunna "fencing maskattiyezhs" (fencing oktaroons, less mouskettayezhs noirs ennum ariyappedunnu) samghadippichu, ithu rund maasathe rihezhsalinu sesham newyorkkile sarkkil thiyettaril (october 26,1901) thurannu. sams oof haam shoyil ninnulla pradhana kalakaaranaaya jenni skeeper (jananam 1877 washington dii. sii. yill) aayirunnu shoyil undaayirunnathu. beedi haal (1882 ll dankirkk, newyork), edith adams (1876 ll indianpolisil janichu), oli fitch (1880 ll staantan, vaa), maatti stafford (1870 ll norphoc, vaa), miinii braun (1884 ll chikkago, ail), vilyam echu. ward (1876 ll moyile salisburyil janichu), jenni ward, theerchayaayum, muthum mattu rund peru velippeduthaatha sthreekalum. 1902 januvariyil, shhow bosttaninte howard theaterum (januvari <aii. dii. 1>) newyorkkile garden terres avatharippichu.
1902 februvari 5nuu, samgham philadelphiyayil ninnu ezz. ezz. beljanlaandil purappettu, 4-5 divasathinu sesham livarpoolil ethi. shhow europil athiyappozhekkum, shoyile amgathe nashtappettirunnu, ippol "10 fencing maskatteeyezhs kambani" ennu parasyam cheythu. februvari aadyam muthal march vare, bremen, keel, hamberg ennee bhashakalil prathyakshappetta jarmmaniyiludaneelam paryadanam nadatthi. epril 14nuu copenhagenile armanayil haajaraakumbol sthreekal us embassyil pasportinaayi apekshichu. pinneedu sthreekal stockholm swiya-teetten (meyy 1-5), budapest (juun-juulai) ennivayil prathyakshappettu. juulai 5 nuu, hangariyude thalasthaanathu prathyakshappedumbol, roshakularaaya sthreekal vaagdaanam cheythathupole panam nalkaathathinu avarude maanejare aakramichu. poraattam valare kadinamayathinaal hangarian poleesinu edapedendivannu.
pinneedu, aaa octoberil landanil sthreekal veendum prathyakshappettu, ippol avare niyanthrikkunna jarmman impresaariyoyaaya jeraldine dii graant avare "7 florida creols penkuttikal" ennu punarnaamakaranam cheythu, avare bhookhandathiludaneelam paryadanam thudaraan ayachu. pinneedu samgham dasseldorfinte apollothiyettar, leepsiginte christalpaalaast, brassels, aamstardaaminte rembrand thiyettar (november 24-desember 9), rotardaaminte casino variot ennivayilekku maari.
1903 januvariyil paareesile casino dii paareesil (januvari 1-februvari 23) eee samgham thurannu, avide kekkvaakkinte asaadhaaranamaaya prakadanatthinu avare prashamsichu. sthreekal valare janapriyamayirunnathinaal avar studiyo valeryil photoyedutthu, avar avarude phottokal aaveshabharitharaaya europian, american vinodasanchaarikalkkaayi postkaardukalaayi vitharanam cheythu. franch thalasthaanathe avarude pravaasakaalathu, samgham vegathil pirichuvidaan thudangi. maatti stafford valare vegam oru janapriya franch akarshanamaayi maari, beedi haal avarude sooloo touur aarambhichu, edith haal orupakshe amerikkayilekku madangiyethi. bakkiyulla kwaarttat, viyannayile ronachar thiyettaril (march <aii. dii. 2>) oru maasathe vivaahanischayavum budaapesttinte munisippal oorfiyam thiyettaril (<aii. dii. 1>) randaazhchayum thudarnnu. juunil, moscoyile oru janapriya kaphe-chaarante saannidhyathil, samgham oduvil saamraajyathva russiayude vishalamaaya pradeshangaliletthi. nirbhagyavashaal, russiayil ellah thiyettarukalum poleesinte adhikaarathilaayirunnu. avarude aagrahathin virudhamaayi onnum parayaano cheyyaano kazhinjilla, eathenkilum prakadanam nirthaan aagrahikkunnuvenkil, enthukondaanu avar athu nirtthiyathu, athraye undaayirunnulloo. police avarude aadya prakadanam kaanukayum avare thudaraan anuvadikkukayum cheythu. ennirunnaalum, avarude pathaamatthe prakadanatthinu sesham, american kekku-vaakk valare soochana nalkunnathaanennu paranju police avare thadanju. juulai 4 nuu, american koonsal saamuval smith, moscoyile ellah american kalakaaranmaareyum konsulettinte groundil oru aaghoshathilekku kshanichu. manhattan kwaarttat, smith & doretto, vesttan oof lupe dhii hupology, miss walcott, florida creol gales kwaarttat, haari houdini (thante dayariyil sthreekalekkurichu ezhuthiyathu) enniva paripaadiyil ulppedunnu.
pinneedu samgham sent enna sthalathu prathyakshappedaan neengi. peettezhsburg rigayude haaganstaalna vaphaaras teatris (august 18-23). octoberil, samgham landanilaayirunnu, oduvil poornnamaayum pirichuvidunnathinumbu royal holbone thiyettaril prathyakshappettu. miinii braun jarmmaniyilekku madangukayum jenni skeeper madagaskar gayle enna thoolikaanaamam sweekarikkukayum swantham sooloo toorinaayi pookukayum cheythu.
aadyakaala sooloo currier (1904-1906).
1904-nte thudakkathil, russian-japanese yuddham pottippurappettappol, muthum oli fitch sent. peettezhsburg avarude sooloo currier pinthudaraan. februvari 18 nuu helsinghiyude naimark & staaveno restorantil (februvari 18-march 19) muthu vijayakaramaayi thurannu. epril 15nuu avar sent. peettezhsburg american embassyil puthiya pasportinaayi apekshichu. taamasiyaathe, sent. ezz. tii. sii. sii. sii. sii. sii. sii. sii. sii. sii. sii. sii. sii. sii. sii. sii. sii. sii. sii. sii. sii. sii. sii. sii. sii. sii. sii. sii. sii. sii. sii. sii. sii. sii. sii. sii. sii. sii. sii. sii. sii. sii. sii. sii. sii. sii. sii. sii. sii. sii. sii. sii. sii. sii. sii. sii. sii. sii. sii. sii. sii. sii. sii. sii. sii. sii. sii. sii. sii. sii. sii. sii. sii. sii. sii. sii. sii. sii. sii. sii. sii. sii. sii. sii. sii. sii. sii. sii. sii. sii. sii. sii. sii. sii. sii. sii. sii. sii. sii. sii. sii. sii. sii. sii. sii. sii. sii. sii. sii. sii. sii. sii. sii. sii. sii. sii. sii. sii. sii. sii. sii. sii. sii. sii peettezhsburg, odesa, mosco. 1905 januvari 22nuu saarinte kottaarathinu purathu nadanna oru valia pothuprakshobham raktharookshithamaaya njaayaraazhchathe kalaapamaayi maari. saamraajyathva thalasthaanathum taamasiyaathe russian saamraajyathiludaneelam araajakathvam pottipurappettu. 1905 ll udaneelam, adimakalum theevravaadikalum theruvilirangi sainikarumaayum gendermerryumaayum sayudha pooraattatthil earppettu, podemkin yudhakkappalinte naavikar karinkadal thuramukhamaaya odesayil kalapam nadatthi. vidoora kizhakk russian-japanese yudhathe saar nikkolaay moshamaayi thettidharichu, athu taamasiyaathe pothujana pinthuna nashtappedukayum russian sainika, rashtreeya sthaapanangalude niravadhi balaheenatakal thurannukaattukayum cheythu. thaazhnna' eshyakkaarude kaikalile parajayam pothu aswasthatha thwarithappeduthunnathinna sahayichu, athu valare gurutharamaayitheerukayum 1905 septambar 5 nuu porttsmouthu udambadiyiloode yuddham avasaanippikkaan saar nirbandhithanaakukayum cheythu. yudhathinte nashtam moolamundaaya hridayabhedakathe marikadakkaan, sent. peettezhsburg nirbandhitha ullasathaal keezhadakkappettu, athu muthumaayi chernnu.
1906 leeii vasanthakaalath, moscoyil moscoyil moshanam nadathunnathaayi epril 28 nuu american konsulettu sandarshanam soochippichu. aaa venalkkaalath, rashyayiludaneelam akramam vardhichuvenkilum, muthu kadaltheerathulla ukreniyan nagaramaya odesayil aayirunnu, prashasthamaaya north hotel-restorantil prekshakare rasippichu, athil pinn thottangalil manoharamaaya ooppan eyar kaphe manthramundaayirunnu. odesa oru bahubhasha nagravum oru cosmopolitan nagaravumaayirunnu, avide naadakajeevitham poornnathothil purogamikkukayaayirunnu. athinte janasamkhya 630,000 aayirunnu, athil moonnilonnu juthanmaarum moovaayiram perr videsikalumaayirunnu-greekkukal, armeniyakkaar, jarmmankaar, romakkar, italikkaar thudangi niravadhi perr. vishalavum nerayathum nizhalullathumaaya theruvukalum manoharamaaya kallu veedukalum ullathinaal meditareniyanil evideyum athu aprapyamaakilla. rund thalasthaanangalil ninnu akalam paalichittum, eee nagaram orikkalum shaanthamo pravishya nagaramo aayirunnilla. trendy restorantukalum hotelukalum, ruchikaramaaya kadakalum, janapriya kafekalum niravadhi thiyettarukalum niravadhi sambannaraaya pouranmaarude shradha pidichupatti. videsha thuramukhangalil ninnulla naavikar vaanijya thuramukhathinaduthulla shabdamundaakkunna bhakshanashaalakalil nagaratthile kollakkarumaayi koottikkuzhanju. nagaratthinte praanthapradeshangalil, azhimukhangalude theeram villakalaal niranjirunnu, thilangunna samudra uparithalathilekku nokki. athesamayam, venalkkaalathudaneelam nadanna akramam niravadhi varenyavargakkaare avarude naadan veedukalilekku palayanam cheyyaan prerippichu. taamasiyaathe, ithe estettukal raathriyil kathikkukayum kollayadikkukayum cheiyumaayirunnu, chilappol muzhuvan graamangalum kollayadikkanaayi puratthekku pookumaayirunnu. chakravalangalil, prabhukkanmarkkum avarude kudumbangalkkum theeyude thilakkavum krooramaaya janakkoottathinte nilaviliyum kaanaan kazhinju. aaa sharathkaalathil, telegraph, tapal sevanangal pettennu nirtthiyathinaal russia ottappettappol, pala american pravaasikalum kuzhappathil americayilekko allengil mattu surakshithamaaya europian raajyangalilekko trainukalilum kappalukalilum kayaran thudangi. 1906 septambarode, viplavathinte akramam avasanikkunnathuvare kaathirikkaan muthu newyorkkilekku kappal kayari. oduvil bandhukkale sandarshikkaan avar theerumaanichu, pocahondas divisionile oru breakmaanaaya sahodaran pompeykkoppam bluefieldil patthu maasam chelavazhichu. columbusil claude, ronockil romeo ennee veshangalil thante mattu sahodaranmaare sandarshikkaanum avar yathrakal nadatthi. vilayeriya niravadhi rathnangal svanthamaakkiyathinum 1,500 dollar romappavu dharichathinum muthu vestt virjeeniyayil ganyamaaya shradha aakarshichu. bluefieldil aayirikkumbol, metropolittan life insurance kambaniyumaayi chernnu 800 dollarinte life insurance poolisi edukkaanulla swaathanthryavum avar sweekarichu.
russiayude mulaatto sharpshooter (1907-1913).
1907 juun 6nuu 1905leeii viplavam oduvil krooramaaya balaprayogathiloode avasaanippichu. kramam sthaapikkappettenkilum, akramathinu kaaranamaaya prasnangal nilanilkkukayum prathikaram cheyyaanulla karshakarude aagrahathin aakkam koottukayum cheythu. raajyathoru samgharshaanthareeksham nilaninnirunnu. saarist russiayude thakarchaye illaathaakkaan urachuninna sakthamaaya uyarnnuvarunna idathupaksha prasthaanatthinte nirantharamaaya saannidhyam undaayirunnu. ithu theerchayaayum sisukkalaaya bolshevik prasthaanamaayirunnu, ennaal eee bisinesses undaayirunnittum veendum kuthichuyarukayaayirunnu. viplavathinushesham rashyayiludaneelam oru cheria vottavakaasha prasthaanam pottipurappettu. sthreekalude vimochanam russian samoohathil oru maattam konduvannu, victorian gaunukal maattinirthukayum designer lamanova roopakalppana cheytha fasionable thadassamillaatha swelt vasthrangal pakaram vaykkukayum cheythu. vivaahathil thiranjedukkaanulla swaathanthryathinaayulla sthree aavasyangalodu prathikarichaanu vivaahamochana niyamangal laghookarichathu. venalkkaalathudaneelam thiyettarukalum kaaberukalum veendum thurakkukayum videshikal madangukayum pradhana nagarangaliloode vinodasanchaarikal avarude paryadanangal punararambhikkukayum cheythu. varsham muzhuvanum, karuthavarggakkaar vinodasanchaarikal russiayilekku yaatra cheythu. kramarahithamayi europe paryadanam nadathunna kalakaaranmaar ozhike, valare kurachu karuthavarggakkaar maathrame russiayil pooyittulloo, avaril valare kurachu perr maathrame avide jeevikkaan avasheshichittulloo. rashyayiludaneelam, bellie davis, abbi michel, josephine morkashani, black troubadozhs, janapriya jody jonson & deane thudangiya karutha kalakaaranmaar ellah rathriyum myoosicholukalil aaveshathode niranju. avar parasparam souhaarddaparamaayi perumaarukayum oro puthiya saha neegro kalakaran avarude hotel murikalilekku neckbonukalum beans adangiya prabhaathabhakshanathinaayi shanikkukayum cheythu. sent. haard bekkarinte choklettinte discukalil amarthia recordukalil ettavum puthiya neegro minstrell hittukal nalkikkond peettezhsburg enna midaayi nirmmaathaav raagtaiminte janapreeti chooshanam cheythu.
1907 august 8 nuu muthu newyorkkilekku madangukayum europilekku madangunnathinumumbu udan thanne puthiya pasportinaayi apekshikkukayum cheythu. septambar 17 nuu russiayil thirichethiya muthukal sent. prashasthamaaya yaar restorantile vijayakaramaya vivaahanischaya velayil peettezhsburg shaithyakaalathode moscoyil ganyamaaya anuyaayikale sthaapichu. moscoyude vadakkupadinjaaran attathu sthithi cheiyunna pathonpathaam noottaandil thuranna yaar restorant moscoyile ettavum prashasthamaaya restorantukalil onnaayirunnu, kaaranam athinte praayam kaaranam verittunilkkunnu. russiayile ettavum mikachathum europile ettavum mikachathumaaya onnaayi pala vidagtharum yaarine kanakkaakkiyirunnu. aval prakadanam nadathaathappozhellaam, janapriya sokolovsky jipsy gaayaka samgham jipsy gitaarist nikkolaay shishkinte neethrthwathil manoharamaaya russian pranayaganangal avatharippikkumbol muthu chirakil ninnu nokki. 1899ll russiayilekku kudiyeriyathum athinusesham prashasthamaaya oomoond thiyettaril pravarthichirunnathumaaya muun veyittaraaya frederic broose thomas, afro-amerikkakkaaranaayirunnu yaarinte kalaa samvidaayakan. 1905leeii bheekaramaaya viplavakaalath adhehavum russiayil ninnu palayanam cheyyukayum thirichethiyappol yaaril oru sthaanam nedukayum cheythu. orupakshe restorantil muthukalude vivaahanischayam samghadippichathum taamasiyaathe avalude currier kaikaaryam cheythathum addehamaayirikkaam. russian, jarmman, franch bhashakalil abhinayikkukayum sinimakal, symphonykal, oopparakal ennivayil pankedukkukayum uyarnna samoohathil vijayangal nadathukayum cheythukondu muthu oru priyappetta, sambannanum bahumaanikkappedunnathumaayu vinodasanchaariyaayi maari. eee kanyaka niramulla penkutty avatharippikkunnath kelkkaan aayirakkanakkin aalukal theaterukalilekku ozhukiyethi, taamasiyaathe rubles ozhuki.
1909-ll, muthu thekk madangiyethi, odesayude north hotel-retourantile avalude pazhaya stomping groundilekku, avide ellaayidathum posttarukal pathicha avale russiayude "mulaatto sharpshooter" ennu prakhyaapichu.
1910-nte thudakkathil, oru koottam sevakar sookshichirunna 20 kamennustrovsky prospekttil oru adambara appaartmentilaanu muthu thaamasichirunnathu. puthiya hobson vasathiyil ninnu thaazhekku, 10-12 kamennustrovskyile niravadhi vaathilukal janapriya aquarium theateraayirunnu. nirthaatheyulla mascarade bolukal, vedikkettukal, uthsavangal ennivaykkidayil, muthu manoharamaaya russian pranayaganangal alapikkukayum russian saamraajyathinte thalasthaanathe ettavum fasionable vediyil raathriyil naadakeeyamaayi oorkkastettu cheytha nrithangal avatharippikkukayum cheythu. eee vijayakaramaya kaalaghattatthil, muthukal taamasiyaathe prashastha kaundu alexander sheremettevinte shradha pidichupatti. sent. 1859-ll peettezhsbargil, oru gaard rejimentil cherunnathinu munbu sheremetev corps dess pejukalil pankedukkukayum pinneedu 1902-ll saar nikkolaay randaamante aid-dii-camp ennu vilikkappedukayum cheythu. muthachaneppole sheremetevinum samgeethathodulla abhiniveshamundaayirunnu. 1880kalil addeham svanthamaayi symphany oorkkastra sthaapichu, athu sent. peettezhsburg. addeham thanne oru mikacha piyaanistum (1901 muthal) samgeethasamvidhaayakanaaya millie baalakeerevinoppam pravarthicha imperial court gaayakasamghathinte thalavan aayirunnu. addehathinte mattoru pranayam agnishamanamaayirunnu. ettavum puthiya agnishamana saankethikavidyayulla arunooru shaktharaaya purushanmaar ulkkollunna peettar enna mahathaaya agnishamana senaye addeham thante ulyanka estettil sthaapichu. theepiduttham undaakumbozhellaam kottaaratthile sweekaranangalil ninnu pinmaran saar nikkolai randaaman addehathinu prathyeka anumathi nalki, athinaal theepidutthatthe neridaan thante brigadinoppam yaatra cheyyaan addehathinu kazhinju. thante pithaavil ninnu, alexander pathimoonnu pravisyakalilaayi anjooraayiram ekkariladhikam bhoomi paarambaryamaayi nedi, sent. peettezhsburg moscoyile patthu veedukalum (austaankinooyile asaadhaarana kottara estettu ulppede) addeham bharyayaaya kaundes maria guiden avarude naalu makkalumkkoppam gambheeramaayi thaamasichu. shudhamaaya paalinte sthiramaaya vitharanam urappakkaan thante gramangalil ninnulla sevakar, vyakthigatha sangeethanjjar, pashukkal ennivarude oru valia samghamillaathe addeham orikkalum yaatra cheythilla. kaundes mariyaykk thante bharthaavinte oru nishedhiniyumaayulla bandhatthil deshyamillaayirunnu ennathum vaasthavathil muthine oru suhruthaayi kanakkakkiyathum athbhuthakaramaanu. thiyettarinte oru vashath oru swakaarya petti countess kaivasham vaykkunnathu asaadhaaranamaayirunnilla, maruvashathu oru petti muthaayirunnu. moscoyil, mosco arts thiyettarile narthakiyaaya dagmara carosus enna mattoru yajamanathiye sheremetev valarthukayum elisavetta oottan polulla niravadhi russian narthakarkkoppam 3, sheremetevsky pathayil oru appaartment pankidukayum cheythu. sheremethevinte sahaayathode, aquarium thiyettaril raathriyil thalakkett vahikkunna oru mikacha sveekaaryatha nediya gayakan baale narthakiyumaayi muthu vikasichu.
1911-leeii venalkkaalath, odesayude north hotelil veendum vivaahanischayam nadathumbol, august 5-nuu avar oru puthiya pasportinaayi apekshichu. adutha varsham, muthu keevilaayirunnu, apollo thiyettaril orazhcha paripadi nadatthi (march 7-14).
mahaa yudhavum viplavangalum (1914-1917).
1914 juun 28nuu gavrillo principal austriyayile archduke france ferdinandine saraajevoyil vachu vadikkukayum onnaam lokamahaayudham pottippurappedunnathil nayicha sambhavangalkk thudakkamidukayum cheythu. august 4 nuu jarmmani beljiyathe aakramichathinusesham, fraansine aakramikkumbol, grettu brittan jarmmanikkethire yuddham prakhyaapichu. august 23nuu jappan sainyathinte bhaagathuninnu yudhathil praveshichu. russian saamraajyathiludaneelam, yudhathe deshasnehathinte aaveshathode swaagatham cheythu. thangalude raajyathe samrakshikkaan sahayikkaan kazhivulla oro manushyan vilikkunna posttarukal ellaayidathum prathyakshappettu. purushanmaar rajisttar cheyyaan (allengil draftinu utharam nalkaan) neenda varikalil nilkkunnath kaanapettu, aankuttikale avarude praadeshika rejiment thaavalangalilekku pookunna trekkukalil kayatti. oro theruvu moolayilum oru pattaalakkaaran nilkkunnundaayirunnu. ezhu varsham neendunilkkukayum oru kodiyiladhikam aalukalude jeevan apaharikkukayum cheytha abhoothapoorvamaaya raktharookshithamaaya kroorathayude kaalaghattatthilekku russia praveshichu. 1914leeii viddithathinu russia cheythathupole mattoru raajyavum vila nalkiyilla. yuddham aarambhichathinusesham russiayude aayudhangaludeyum vedikkoppukaludeyum abhavam valare prakadamaayirunnu. shaamam valare kadinamaayitheernnathinaal thokkukalillaathe sainikare munnaniyilekku ayaykkukayum marichavaril avare kandethaan utharavidukayum cheythu. pala sainikarkkum boottukal polum undaayirunnilla. jarmmankarkkethiraaya aadya yudhangalil udyogastharude corpsil pakuthiyum prabhukkanmarayirunnu. yudhathinte aadya maasangalil, pala kudumbangalum europinte oru valia bhoopadatthil eee nadapadiye sookshumamaayi pinthudaraan thudangi. gramangalilum nagarangalilum sthreekaleyum kuttikaleyum thanichaakki mikka purushanmaarum munnirayil pooraadukayaayirunnu. rogikaleyum parikketta sinikareyum paripaalikkunnath kuleena vanithakalkk yudhashramathinaayi avarude punk nirvahikkaanulla oru janapriya maargamaayi maari. avarude uddeshyangalil bhooribhaagavum sathyasandhavum aathmaarthavumaayirunnu, ennaal mattullavayekkaal aarkkaan sainikare thaamasippikkanum bhakshanam nalkaanum paripalikkaanum kazhiyuka ennariyaan prabhukkanmaraaya sthreekalkkidayil midhyaabodhathinteyum shathruthayudeyum chila gadakangal undaayirunnu. sheremetev kudumbam polulla mattu prabhukkanmaar avarude niravadhi swathukkal aashupathrikalaayi parivartthanam cheyyukayum russian yudhathadavukaare sahayikkaan durithaashwaasa paakkejukal ayaykkukayum swakaarya aashupathrikalil parikkettavare bandej cheyyaan sahayikkukayum yuddha anaathare sahayikkaan samarppicha samghadanakal roopeekarikkukayum cheythu. septambar 1 nuu saar aaa vishudhan ennu prakhyaapichu. annumuthal peettezhsburg petrograd ennariyappettu. russian unnatha samooham russian saamraajyathinte avasaanathe athisayakaramaaya varshavum russian samoohathinte ettavum mikacha seasonumaayirikkumennu aagrahikkaan thudangi. paribhraanthiyude antharpravaahathe neridaan oru nalla samayam labhikanamenna oru panii niranja aagraham undaayirunnu. october 29nuu automan saamrajyam russia akramichathaayi report cheytha pathrangalude shradha vyathichalippichirikkam athu. saarist sarkkar aaa novemberil nirodhanam earppeduthunnathinumbu (yudhathinte backie samayat madyam nirodhichirunnu) petrograd muzhuvan wilde party, vinodam, ullaasangal ennivayil earppettirunnu. unifom dharicha shevelier gardens pankeduttha kaundes shuvalovinte black aandu vaitt panthaayirunnu aaa varshathe oru hailait. ellaavarum vaikunnerangal oopparayilum paarttikalilum chelavazhichu. jipsy gayakar, chuvapp vasthram dharicha romanian vayalinistukal, clinking glassukal ennivarude nilavilikkunere ellaavarum tango nritham cheiyunnathum shampain thaazhthunnathum kandu janapriya sthaapanangalil muthukal rasichu. aduthathaayi enthaanu sambhavikkaan pookunnathennu urappillathathinaal ellaavarum kazhiyunnathra vegathil panam chelavazhikkukayaayirunnu.
1915 januvariyil, valare thanutha shaithyakaalath, rashyakkaarude shradha mattoru bhayanakamaaya tharamgatthilekku thirikkukayum galishyayile yudhathinte reportukal ariyikkukayum cheythu. austro-hungarian sainyam carpathiansil russian senaykkethire thirichadichu. ennaal eee akramanam oru parajayamaayirunnu, maarchode munnerikkondirunna russiakkaar presmislinte valia kotta pidichedutthu, angane habsburg raajavaazhchayude rund thalasthaanangalaaya budapesttilekkum viyannayilekkum march cheyyaan thayyaaredutthu. thekk naadakeeya sambhavangal pottippurappedukayum russian janatha uthkandayudeyum uthejanathinteyum sammisranam anubhavichukondu avaye nireekshikkukayum cheythu. eee samayat, russia oru randaamathe munnira thurannu-cocusus parvathanirakalilum karinkadalilum. ottoman saamrajyam athinte deerghakaala shathruvaayirunnu, athu ippol kendrashakthikalumaayi aikyappettirikkunnu. yuddham aarambhich rund maasathinu sesham turkish yudhakkappalukal russiayude thekkan theerathulla odesa ulppedeyulla nagarangalil shellakramanam nadatthi.
septambar 3 nuu, 23 kamennustrovskyile oru puthiya vasathiyilekku thamasam maariyathin thottupinnaale, muthukal thante american pasport puthukkippaniyaan urappakki. ekadesham athe samayam, saar nikkolaay randaaman grand duke nikkolaay nikkolaavichine maattisthaapikkaanum russiayude sayudha senayude paramonnatha command ettedukkaanum vinashakaramaaya theerumaanam eduthu. annumuthal, sainyathinte vardhichuvarunna paraajayangalkk saarine maathram kuttappedutthi. saar munvashath nirtthiyappol, saareena alexandra nigooda vishudhanaaya grigory rasputtin sarkkaarinte chumatala etteduthu. russian samoohathinu romanovukalilulla vishwaasam kshayichukondirunna russian samoohathe nasippichukondirunna karutha shakthikalekkurichulla samsaarathin raasputtinte mangiya swaadheenavum shatru chaaranenna nilayil germmaniyil janicha saareenayekkurichulla nishedhaathmakamaaya pothudaaranayum kaaranamaayi. ellaayidathum, "saarinu vendi nilkkunnath rashyaykkethire aayirikkaanaanu!" ennu avakaashappedunna laghulekhakal vitharanam cheythu."ellaavarum, saamraajyathva kudumbamgangal polum, viplavathilekkulla vazhithirichuvidal thadayaan vaikiyekkaamaayirunnuve, samoohathinu sarkkaaril kooduthal shabdam nalkaan kazhiyunnathinayi maattatthinum parishkaarangalkkumayi saar nikkolaiyodu yaachichu. samoohathinu sarkkarilulla vishwaasakkuravu janangalkulla sarkkaarinte avishwaasathinu thulyamaayirunnu. janangal, prathyekichu boorshwasi, kireedatthinu gurutharamaaya bheeshani uyarthunnuvennu bodhyapetta ookhraana sambannare nireekshichukondirunnu. attimari pravarthanangalkkaayi swakaarya veedukal nireekshichuvarikayaayirunnu. niravadhi prabhukkanmaraaya sthreekal avarude saloonukalilekku sainika udyogasthare shanikkukayum raajyadrohaparamaaya samsaram prolsaahippikkukayum cheiyunnuvennu sarkkar bhayapettu. paavappettavarum vottavakaasham nashtappettavarum uyarthunnathinekkaal gurutharamaaya bheeshaniyaanu simhaasanathil ninnu varenyavargathinte anyavalkkaranam ennu sarkkar ejantumaar vishwasichu. niravadhi prabhukkanmaar nagaratthile jeevitam bharamullathaayi kaanukayum palarum avarude naadan estettukalilekku pinvaangukayum cheythu.
1916 madhyathode, rajyath maanasikavastha kurayumbol, saadhaaranakkaarum sainyavum thirayunna vinodathilekku panii niranja anthareeksham thulachukayaraan thudangi. yudhathinte thalennu arjanteenayil ninnu paareesilekk parannuyarnnu lokamembaadum oru puthiya nritha shailiyaaya tango athivegam oodi. yudhakaalangalil tangoyude janapreeti vardhichu; ennirunnaalum, chila professional narthakarkkum gayakarkkum addehathinte gambheeravum shailiyilullathumaaya kaamaasakthiyilekku ashubhakaramaaya svarangal konduvannu. oru dambathikal avarude "maranatthinte tango" yill prashastharaayi, athil kutamatta teyil kottu dharicha oru manushyan thalayotti pole kaanapedunna vidhathil nirmikkappettu. munnil ninnu varunna vishada vaarthayude naadakeeyamaaya prathidhwaniyaayirunnu athu. athesamayam, juulai 10 nuu, muthu veendum 26 kamennoostrovskiyilkiyil thamasam maari, ithavana muun troop amgamaaya miinii braun avarodoppam thaamasichu.
varsham muzhuvanum, dasalakshakkanakkinu karshakare munnilekku ayachappol, russiayil bhakshyakshamam rookshamaavukayum charakkukalude vilayile druthagathiyilulla vardhanavu nagarangalil valuthum kooduthal pathivullathumaya panimudakkinu aakkam koottukayum cheythu. prathishedhakkaarude bahujanathe pinthirippikkaan gendermar vimukhatha kaanikkukayayirunnu, pakaram niravadhi poleesukaar janakkoottathodoppam cheraan thudangi, "yuddham avasanippikkuka!"orikkal, grand dutches seniyayude kaar petrograadile theruvukaliloode kadannupokumbol, oru koottam theruvu kuttikal kaarine pinthudarnnu snobolukal kondu erinju," vrithiketta boorshwasi thaazheyirakkuka!"desember 16 nuu ratri, rajakumaran felix yoosupovinte neethrthwathilulla oru koottam aalukal russia addehathinte nigooda swaadheenathil ninnu mochippikkaanulla shramathil rasputtin kollappettu. addehathinte maranathil vallathe njettiya saarum kudumbavum eakaanthathayilekku pinwangi. oro divasavum asamthripthi vardhichukondirikkunna oru valia bhraanthan abhayakendramaayi petrograd maari. kadutha bhakshyakshaamavum panapperuppavum chernnu russia thaazhnna vibhaagangalude viplavathinte vakilethichu.
march 8nuu (oo.ezz. februvari 23), 1917, sent. peettezhsbargile viborg jilla, rottikkayi karayunna theruvukaliloode march cheythu. eee shaamam thaazhnna varggakkaare pattiniyum thanuppum nirashayum undaakki. yudhatheyum saarineyum apalapikkunna baanarukal ellaayidathum sthaapichu. janakkoottam kadakalude janalakal thakarkkanum bekkarikal akramikkaanum thudangi. divasam avasaanikkunnathin munbu, kramam punasthaapikkunnathinu munbu thonnooraayiram perr theruvukaliloode march cheythirunnu. ennaal viplavam thudangiyitte undaayirunnulloo. ratri muzhuvan bolshevik viplavakaarikal nagara madhyabhaagathekku kooduthal samarangalum maarchukalum samghadippichu. pittennu raavile, vadakkan ayalpakkangalil ninnulla munnooraayirathiladhikam thozhilaallikal alexandrovsky paalatthil neva nadhi kadannu noorukanakkinu kosaakkukaliloode nevsky saadhyathakalilekku neengi. 1905leeii viplavathinu sesham nagaratthinte akathalathilulla parisarapradeshangal ithrayum araajakathvam kanditilla. march 11 aayappozhekkum kosaakkukal theruvukalil patrolling nadathukayum ellaayidathum mesheen gannukal sthaapikkukayum cheythu. theruvu othucheralukal nirodhikkukayum eathu aswasthathayum balaprayogathode neridaan adikaarikalodu utharavidumennu thaamasakkaarkk munnariyipp nalkukayum cheythu. eee nadapadikal undaayirunnittum, prathishedhakkaar theruvukalil niranju, vediyuthirkkal maathramaan neridendi vannath. theruvukalil raktham ozhukiyathellaam niravadhi sainikare kalaapathin prerippikkukayum janakkoottathil cherukayum cheythu. march 12nuu nagaratthile 160,000 sainikarude pattaalatthil pakuthiyum viplavakaarikalil chernnu. nagaratthiludaneelamulla thadavukaare theruvukalilekku vittayachu, gendermar kollappettu, kodathimurikal, aayudhashekharangal, kadakal, swakaarya veedukal, aabhyanthara mantraalayam enniva kollayadikkukayum kollayadikkukayum cheythu. aalkkoottam manyaraaya purushanmaare konnu, ithu niravadhi gendermark avarude unifom azhichu nagaratthil ninnu palayanam cheyyaan kaaranamaayi. marinsky kottaarathilvechu, raathriyode petrogradil ninnu purathupokunnathinu munbu sarkkar mantrimar avarude sthaanangalil ninnu raajivaykkaan yogam chernnu. divasaavasaanathode shaityakaala kottaarathinu mukalil oru chuvanna pathaaka uyarthi. thalasthaanam ippol bolshevik niyanthranathilaayirunnu. march 16nuu saar nikkolaay sthaanathyaagam cheyyukayum avarude lokam avarkk chuttum illaathaakukayum cheythathode niravadhi prabhukkanmaar graamapradeshangalilekk palayanam cheythu. pazhaya kramam baashpeekarikkappedukayum araajakathvam vyaapikkukayum cheythu. araajakathvathe engane abhisambodhana cheyyaamennu pariganikkaan duma touride kottaaratthil koodikkaazhcha nadathiyappol, oru ethiraaliyaaya rashtreeya sakthiyaaya thozhilaallikaludeyum sainikarudeyum prathinidhikalude petrograd soviyatt kottaaratthinte valathubhaagath oru yogam nadatthi. puthiya pravishya sarkkar, soviyattinte pinthuna nedunnathinaayi, athinte nethaavaaya vladymyr lenin, ellah rashtreeya thadavukaarkkum pothumaapp, abhipraaya swaathanthryam, maadyama swaathanthryam, sammelanam ennivaykku sammathichu. vamsham, vargam, matham, deseeyatha ennivayude adisthaanathil ellah niyanthranangalum nirthalaakkaanum avar sammathichu. okhraanayum corps dii gendaarmukalum nirthalaakkendathaayirunnu. bolshevikkukal burshui (boorshwasi) allengil prathyekaavakaashamullavaraayi tharamthirickunna aareyum akramikkaan thudangi. oru velutha shirt, minusamarnna kaikal, kannada, oru sthreeyude hairstyle allengil kulikkunnathinulla eathenkilum thelivukal enniva oru vyakthiye burshui ennu tharamthirikkukayum ithu deshyappetta janakkoottathe ningalude mail adichelppikkukayum cheythu.
februvari viplavathinushesham, march 28nuu, jeorget harvy, miinii braun allengil raajyam vidaan padhathiyidunna mattethenkilum american pouraneppolulla thante pasport puthukkaan madikkunnathinupakaram muthu american embassyil rajisttar cheythu. mikka pravartthanangalum munbatheppole thudarnnuvenkilum meyy maasathode russia ithinakam thanne raajyathinte puthiya rashtreeya yaadhaarthyavumaayi poruthappedukayaayirunnu. ellah abhimaanakaramaaya vedikalilum ithu shradhikkappettirunne, pathonpathaam noottaandile ooppara "eiii life oof dhaa saar" thidukkathil shekharathil ninnu ozhivaakki. thaalkkaalika sarkkar vishalamaaya pouraswaathanthryam prakhyaapichu, theevravaadikal ulppede ellah rashtreeya thadavukaarkkum mapp nalki; koodaathe, ekadesham randaayiram moshtaakkaleyum kolapaathakikaleyum jayilukalil ninnu mochippichu. russia kuttakrithyangalude oru tharamgathaal niranju-theruvukalil kollayum veedukalum bisinessukalum akramikkukayum cheythu. pradhaanamaayum sannadha vidyaarthikal ulppetta puthiya pourasena phalapradamallaathathinaal paraspara samrakshanathinaayi swantham associationukal samghadippikkaan veettudamakal nirbandhitharaayi.
november 7nuu bolshevikkukal petrogradil veendum akramanam nadatthi. rund divasam munbu, thante roopam maattiya lenin finlandile thaalkkaalika abhayam upekshichu thalasthaanathekku vazhuthiveenu; adikaaram ettedukkaanulla samayamaayenn thante sakhaakkale bodhyappedutthaan addehathinu kazhinju. leninte kazhivulla sahayiyaaya liyon trotskyude ekopanathil chuvanna sainyam nagaratthile niravadhi thantrapradhaana sthalangal kaivashappedutthi. annu ratri bolshevikkinte neethrthwathilulla sainikarum naavikarum factory thozhilaallikalum thaalkkaalika sarkkar yogam chernna muun rajakeeya vasathiyaya shaityakaala kottaram aakramichu. rando moonno jankarmaarude vaayum vanita battaaliyante oru bhaagavum adangunna kottaaratthile oru cheria prathirodha senaye manikkoorukalolam neenda ettumuttalinu sesham adichamarthi. bolshevikkukal sarkkar amgangale arast cheythu; appozhekkum pradhaanamanthriyaaya kerenskick american embassyil oru kaar eduthu rakshappedaan kazhinju. october viplavathiludaneelam, avalude kalaparamaaya currier pettennu thadassappettathode, muthukal avalude vellimarangal, linanukal, furnitureukal, vilayeriya romangal, aabharanangal, steju vasthrangal, ekadesham randulaksham rubles moolyamulla samgeethopakaranangal enniva paaykk cheyth avalude bhrithyanmaarodoppam samayam chelavazhichu.
desember aadyam, ellaam nirachathinushesham, muthu petrogradil ninnu purappettu, primorsky haiveyiloode padinjaaru sestroretsky jillayilekku yaatra cheythu. russian thalasthaanavumaayi thaarathamyappeduthumbol valare anukoolamaaya kaalavasthayulla vanangal, paarkkukal, chathuppukal enniva eee idungiya theerapradeshathe kaivashappeduthiyirunnu, finland ulkkadalile manoharamaaya beechukal russian prabhukkanmaarude oru janapriya resort lakshyasthaanamaakki, avar pradeshathudaneelam niravadhi kantri villakal nirmmichu. 1916 november 1 nuu railway steshan thuranna theurisevya (ippol ushkovo) graamatthil avar athiyirikkaam, allaathapaksham avarkk terrijoki pattanatthil nirthendivarum. eee graamathilaayirunnu harjula ennariyappedunna oru cheria pradesham, aazhathilulla malayidukkukalaal chuttappettathum, pachappookkalum neela pookkalum kondu alankaricha fernukalum aarborukalum kondu moodappettathumaaya oru cheria parvvatham. niravadhi idungiya nadattha pathakal parvathatthe niravadhi nireekshana plaattfomukalilekkum kazhinja varsham kaundu sheremetev vangiya manoharamaaya oru naadan bhavanathilekkum nayichu. athu appozhekkum velakkaar niranjirunnu, kaundinteyum bhaaryayudeyum varavinu thayyaaredukkukayaayirunnu. ivide ninnaan, 1721ll aadyamaayi sthaapithamaaya oru cheria finnish gramamaaya mettskaila (ippol molodiosnoy) enna theeradesha graamathilekku primorsky haiveyiloode muthu thudarnnathu. graamatthinte thekk bhaagath, cheria merrilla jillayil, naalu nila gopuramulla oru vichitramaaya rund nila kottej undaayirunnu, athu dacha hobson ennariyappettu. finland ulkkadalum vammalsu nadiyude mukhavum sradheyamaaya kaazhchayulla ekkar marangalaal chuttapetta eee vasthu sheremetev thante mulaatto yajamaanathikk nalkia sammaanamaayirunnu. thante puthiya veettil thaamasamaakkiyappol, viplavangale athijeevichuvennum aduthide oru puthiya veedu vaangiyennum paraamarshichu avar thante kudumbatthinu ayacha avasana kathu amerikkayilekku ayachu. desember 6 nuu finland russiayil ninnu swaathanthryam prakhyapikkukayum athinte athirthikal udan thanne adaykkukayum sestroretsky jilla muzhuvan puthiya raajyathilekku poornnamaayum ulppeduthukayum cheythu. ippol finlaandinte bhagamaaya mettskaila russiayude araajakathvathil ninnu surakshithamaayirunnu.
finland (1918-1919).
1918 januvari 27nuu russian saamraajyathinte muun grand duchy oru swatantra rajyamaayi maariyathode finland tirakkeriya aabhyanthara yudhathilekku praveshichu. soshyal demookratik party oru vibhaagathinte neethrthwathilulla chuvannavarum yaadhaasthithika senattum jarmman saamraajyathva sainyavum nadatthiya vellakkarum thammilaan aabhyantharayudham nadannathu. vyaavasaayika, kaarshika thozhilaallikal adangunna ardhasainika redu gaardukal thekkan finlandile nagarangalum vyaavasaayika kendrangalum niyanthrichu. karshakar ulppetta ardhasainika vibhaagathile vellakkaar, madhyavarga, uyarnna vargga saamoohika vibhagangal ennivar chernnu grameena madhya, vadakkan finlandine niyanthrichu. oduvil meyy 15nuu finland oru swathanthravum janaadhipathyaparavumaaya republicayi uyarnnuvannathode samgharsham avasaanichu.
1918 desemberil muthukal naalu kuttikale dathedutthu anselm (1904), aina (1905), vaanya (1909), elena (1913). avarude amma anna maria repatic 1914-ll vasuri baadhichu bharthaavine nashtappedukayum ippol ellah kuttikalkkum bhakshanam nalkaan paadupedukayum cheythu. kuttikale datthedukkaan muthu vaagdaanam cheyyukayum avare avalude veettilekku maattukayum cheythu. nirbhagyavashaal, aarumaasathinusesham, muthaaya lilian hobson 1919 juun 4nuu, 39-aamm vayassil typhus baadhichu marichu, ennirunnaalum muthinu pakaram spanish influvensayaanu marichathennu elena repatti vishwasikkunnu.