
aathmaabhimaanam

oraalude swantham moolyathilo kazhivukalilo dhaarmmikathayilo ulla aathmavishwaasamaanu aathmaabhimaanam. svayam aadarav ennathu svayam sambandhicha vishwaasangalum (udaaharanathinu, "njaan snehikkappedunnu", "njaan yogyanaan") vijayam, nirasha, ahankaaram, lajja thudangiya vaikaarika avasthakalum ulkkollunnu. smith mackie (2007) ithine nirvachichathu "svayam-ashayam ennathu nammal svayam chinthikkunnathaanu; aathmaabhimaanam ennathu svayam engane anubhavappedunnu ennathupole svayam positteev allengil negatteevu vilayiruthalukalaanu (svayam kaanuka)."
academic nettam, santhosham, vivaahathilum bandhangalilum samthrupthi, criminal perumaattam thudangiya chila phalangal pravachikkunnathinaal aathmaabhimaanam aakarshakamaaya oru manashaasthraparamaaya nirmmithiyaan. uyarnna aathmaabhimaanam mechappetta maanasikavum shaareerikavumaaya aarogyavum saamoohika virudhamaaya perumattavum ulkkollunnathayi karuthappedunnu, athesamayam aathmaabhimaanam kurayunnathinte poraaymakal uthkanda, eakaanthatha, mayakkumarunnu durupayogathinulla vardhicha durbalata ennivayaanu. aathmaabhimaanam oru prathyeka attributino aagolathalathino baadhakamaayekkaam. manashaasthranjar saadhaaranayaayi aathmaabhimaanam oru shaashwatha vyakthithva savisheshathayaayi ("swabhaavam aathmaabhimaanam") kanakkakkunnu, ennirunnaalum saadhaarana, hraswakaala vyathiyaanangalum ("samsthaana aathmaabhimaanam") nilavilundu. aathmaabhimaanam ennathinte paryaayapadangal allengil samaanaardhaka padangalil iva ulppedunnu athma-moolyam, athma-aadarav, aathmaabhimaanam, athma-samagratha.
charithram.
scotish njaanodaya chinthakanaaya david hyoominte rachanakalil aadyamaayi prakadippicha 18-aamm noottaandilaanu aathmaabhimaanam enna aashayathinte uthbhavam. aalukale avarude muzhuvan kazhivukalum paryavekshanam cheyyaan praptharaakkunna oru prachodanaathmaka pravartthanam nadathunnathinaal svayam vilamathikkukayum nannayi chinthikkukayum cheyyendathu pradhaanamaanennu hume abhipraayappedunnu.
thathwachinthakan, manasshaasthranjan, bhoomishaasthranjan, naravamshashaasthranjan vilyam jaims (1892) ennivarude kruthikaliloodeyaanu aathmaabhimaanam oru prathyeka manashaasthraparamaaya nirmmithiyaayi thirichariyunnathu. svayam ariyaanulla prakriyakal ("aii-selph" ennu vilikkunnu), svayam ("njaan-svayam") ennivayumaayi rund thalangalulla svayam onniladhikam manangal jaims thiricharinju. svayam nireekshikkunnathum svayam aaa nireekshanangal sambharikkunnathum moonnu tharam arivu srishtikkunnu, jayimsinte abhipraayathil, avaa koottaayi svayam kanakkakkunnu. ivayaanu bhauthikatha, saamoohikatha, aathmeeyatha. mattullavar amgeekarikkunna ellah swabhaavasavisheshathakalum ulkkollunna saamoohika aathmaav aathmaabhimaanam ettavum aduthuvarunnu. bhauthikaathmaavu shareerathinteyum swathukkaludeyum praathinidyangalum aathmavinekkurichulla vivaranathmaka praathinidhyangaludeyum moolyanirnnaya swabhaavangaludeyum athmeeya athmaavum ulkkollunnu. svayam aadarav enna eee veekshanam oru vyakthiyude manobhaavangalude shekharam enna nilayil innum nilanilkkunnu.
1960 kalude madhyathil, saamoohika manasshaasthranjanaaya morris rosenberg aathmaabhimaanam ennathu svayam moolyabodham ennaanu nirvachichathu, koodaathe rosenberg aathmaabhimaanam skeyil (aarr. ezz. iii) vikasippikkukayum cheythu, ithu saamoohika shaasthrangalil aathmaabhimaanam alakkaan ettavum vyaapakamaayi upayogikkunna skeyilaayi maari.
irupathaam noottaandinte thudakkathil, perumatta prasthaanam maanasika prakriyakal, vikarangal, vikarangal ennivayekkurichulla aathmaparisodhana patanam kuraykkunnu, paristhithiyumaayi bandhappett nireekshikkunna perumaattangalekkurichu pareekshanangaliloode aathmaparisodhanaykku pakaram vasthunishta padanamaanu nadathiyathu. perumaattavaadam manushyane shakthippeduthalukalude oru mrugamaayi kaanukayum manahshaasthrathe rasathanthrathino jeevashaasthrathino samanamaaya oru pareekshanathmaka shaasthramaayi sthaapikkaan nirddeshikkukayum cheythu. thalphalamaayi, aathmaabhimaanam sambandhicha klinikkal pareekshanangal avaganikkapettu, kaaranam perumatta vidagdhar eee ashayam karsanamaaya alavinu vidheyamallennu kanakkakki.
irupathaam noottaandinte madhyathil, prathibhaasaasthrathintam maanavika manashaasthrathinteyum uyarcha aathmaabhimaanam sambandhicha thaalparyam puthukkippaniyaan kaaranamaayi. vyakthiparamaaya aathmasaakshaathkaarathilum maanasika vaikalyangalude chikilsayilum aathmaabhimaanam oru pradhana punk vahichu. psychotherapy uyarnna aathmaabhimaanam ullavarude vyakthiparamaaya samthrupthiyum thammilulla bandhathe cycotherapy mekhalaykku upayogapradamaanennu manasshaasthranjar kanakkakkaan thudangi. aalukalkk yogyathayillaayma anubhavappedunnathinte kaaranangalum aalukal niruthsaahappedunnathum velluvilikale neridaan kazhiyaathathum ulppede aathmaabhimaanam enna aashayathilekku puthiya gadakangal avatharippikkunnathilekku ithu nayichu.
1992-ll rashtreeya shaasthranjanaaya francis fukuyama aathmaabhimaanam plaattoyude aathmaavinte bhagamaaya "thymos" ennu vilikkunna plaattoyumaayi bandhappettirikkunnu.
1997 muthal, svayam vilayiruthal sameepanathil svayam vilayiruthal, neurotisism, svayam falaprapti ennivayude sthaanam enniva ulppedunna naalu maanangalil onnaayi aathmaabhimaanam ulppedunnu. jadji, loock, durham (1997) ennivar aadyamaayi parishodhicha coor selph-moolyanirnayangal enna ashayam, thozhil samthrupthiyum thozhil prakadanavum pravachikkanulla kazhivu undennu athinusesham theliyikkappettittund. svayam vilayiruthalinu aathmaabhimaanam anivaaryamaayirikkaam.
pothu nayathil.
1970kalil aarambhicha chila sarkkar, sarkkarithara grouppukalil ninnu aathmaabhimaanam ennathinte praadhaanyam amgeekarikkappettu, angane oraalkk aathmaabhimaanam enna prasthaanathekkurichu samsarikkaan kazhiyum. manashaasthraparamaaya gaveshanangalkk pothu nayam roopeekarikkunnathil swaadheenam cheluthaanaakumennathinte vaagdaanaparamaaya thelivukalude udaaharanamaayi eee prasthaanatthe upayogikkaam. aathmaabhimaanam kurayunnathaanu vyakthikalude prashnangalude moolakaaranam, ithu saamoohika prashnangaludeyum pravartthana vaikalyangaludeyum moolakaaranam ennathaayirunnu prasthaanatthinte adisthaana ashayam. prasthaanatthile oru pramukha vyakthiyaya psychologist nathaniel brandon prasthaavichu "uthkandayum vishaadavum muthal aduppathekkuricho vijayathekkuricho ulla bhayam vare, pankaaliyude baattari allengil kuttikale peedippikkal vare-oru maanasika prashnathekkurichu chinthikkaan kazhiyilla.
jappan polulla saamoohika rajyangalil aathmaabhimaanam kuravaayathinaal paashchaathya vyakthivaada samoohangalude oru saamskaarika prathibhaasamaan aathmaabhimaanam ennu vishwasikkappettirunnu.
aathmaabhimaanam kurayunnathinekkurichulla ashankayum athinte niravadhi negatteevu anantharafalangalum california asambliman joonn vaaskonsellosine 1986 ll kaaliforniyayil aathmaabhimaanam, vyakthiparavum saamoohikavumaaya utharavaaditham ennivaykkaayi task fozhsu roopeekarikkunnathinum dhanasahayam nalkunnathinum prerippichu. kuttakrithyangal, kaumaara garbham muthal school nettangal, malineekaranam vare eee task fozhsinu samsthaanathinte pala prasnangaleyum neridaan kazhiyumennu vasconcellos vaadichu. aathmaabhimaanam vardhippikkunnathine oru rogathinu oru vaxine nalkunnathumaayi addeham thaarathamyam cheythu jeevithathile velluvilikalaal amithamaayi baadhikkappedunnathil ninnu aalukale samrakshikkaan ithu sahayikkum.
task fozhsu pala california kaundikalilum kammittikal roopeekarikkukayum aathmaabhimaanam sambandhicha labhyamaya saahityam avalokanam cheiyunnathinaayi pandithanmaarude oru samiti roopeekarikkukayum cheythu. aathmaabhimaanam kurayunnathum athinte prathyaaghaathangal sambhavikkunnathum thammilulla valare cheria bandhangal eee samiti kandethi, aathyanthikamayi aathmaabhimaanam kurayunnathu ellah saamoohika prashnangaludeyum moolamallennum samiti aadyam chinthichathupole praadhaanyamullathallennum kaanikkunnu. ennirunnaalum, saahithyathinte avalokanam sangrahicha prabandhatthinte rachayithakkal ippozhum aathmaabhimaanam pradhana saamoohika prashnangale badhikkunna oru swatantra veriyabilaanenn vishwasichu. 1995ll task fozhsu pirichuvidukayum pinneedu task fozhsinte dauthyam etteduthu deseeya aathmaabhimaanam kaunsilum pinneedu deseeya aathmaabhimaanam association (naas) sthaapikkappedukayum cheythu. 2003ll vasconcellose jacq canfield athinte upadeshaka samithiyile amgangalaayirunnu, koodaathe athinte maastezhs sakhyathile amgangalil aanthani robins, berney seagal, gloria steynam ennivar ulppedunnu.
sidhaanthangal.
aathmaabhimaanam oru adisthaana manushya aavashyamo prachodanamo aanennu pala aadyakaala sidhaanthangalum nirddeshichu. american manasshaasthranjanaaya ebraham maslo manushya aavashyangalude shreniyil aathmaabhimaanam ulppeduthi. bahumaanatthinte" rund vyathyastha roopangale addeham vivarichu amgeekaaram, vijayam, prashamsa ennivayude roopathil mattullavaril ninnu bahumaanatthinte aavasyakatha, athma sneham, aathmavishwaasam, vaidagdhyam allengil abhiruchi ennivayude roopathil aathmaabhimaanam aavashyamaayi varika. mattullavaril ninnulla bahumanam aantharika aathmaabhimaanam ennathinekkaal durbalav eluppathil nashtappedunnathumaayirikku vishwasikkappettirunnu. masloyude abhipraayathil, aathmaabhimaanam niravettaathe, vyakthikal athu thedaan prerippikkappedukayum svayam saakshaathkarikkaanum valarukayum cheyyaan kazhiyaathe varikayum cheyyum. prashasthi, prashasthi, prashamsa ennivayekkaal mattullavarodu naam arhikkunna bahumaanathil prakadamaakunnathu" aathmasammaanathinte ettavum aarogyakaramaya aavishkaaramaanennum maslo parayunnu. svayam bahumanikkaanulla aadhunika sidhaanthangal svayam uyarnna bahumanam nilanirthaan manushyar prachodippikkappedunnathu kaaranagal paryavekshanam cheiyunnu. oraalude saamoohika groupile oraalude nilavaravum sweekaaryathayum parishodhikkunnathinaayi aathmaabhimaanam parinamichuvennu soshyomeettar sidhaantham vaadikkunnu. bheekarathayude niyanthrana sidhaantham" anusarichu, aathmaabhimaanam oru samrakshana pravartthanam nadathukayum jeevithatheyum maranatheyum kurichulla uthkanda kuraykkukayum cheiyunnu.
manushyathvaparamaaya manashaasthratthinte vakthavaaya kaal rogezhs (1902-1987) palarudeyum prashnangalude uthbhavam avar svayam verukkukayum svayam moolyamillaathavarum snehikkappedaan kazhivillaathavarumaanenna karuthukayum cheiyunnu enna sidhaantham munnottuvachu. athukondaanu oru klayantinu nirupaadhikamaaya sveekaaryatha nalkendathinte praadhaanyatthil rogarmar vishwasichathu, ithu cheyyumbol athu klayantinte aathmaabhimaanam mechappeduthum. edapaadukaarumaayulla thante chikilsaasamayangalil, enthuthanneyaayaalum addeham anukoolamaaya aadarav prakadippichu. theerchayaayum, aathmaabhimaanam enna ashayam athinusesham maanavika manahshaasthrathil oro vyakthikkum ozhichukoodaanaavaatha avakaashamaayi sameepikkappedunnu, inipparayunna vaakyathil samgrahikkunnu
alakkal.
svayam-report inventarikal upayogichaanu aathmaabhimaanam saadhaaranayaayi vilayiruthappedunnathu.
ettavum vyaapakamaayi upayogikkunna upakaranangalilonnaya rosenberg aathmaabhimaanam skeyil (reases) 10-enangalude aathmaabhimaanam skeyil skoraanu, athil pankedukkunnavar thangalekkurichulla prasthaavanakalude oru parambarayumaayi avarude karaarinte nilavaaram soochippikkendathundu. oru badal nadapadiyaayi, coopersmith inventary vividha vishayangalil 50 chodyangalulla baattari upayogikkukayum avar aareyengilum thangalodu saamyamullavaraano allengil vyathyastharaano ennu vishayangalodu chodikkukayum cheiyunnu. oru vishayathinte utharangal sakthamaaya athmapariganana prakadamaakkunnundenkil, skeyil avaye krameekarikkukayum cheiyunnu. aaa utharangal aantharikamaaya lajja velippeduthukayaanenkil, avaa saamoohika vyathiyaanathin saadhyathayullavayayi kanakkakkunnu.
1980kalil aathmaabhimaanam prakadippikkunna parokshamaaya nadapadikal upayogikkaan thudangi. 
iva "neyim lettar task" (allengil "prarambha munganana task"), antharleenamaaya association task ennivayulppede antharleenamaaya aathmaabhimaanam bandhappettathayi karuthappedunna cognitive prosessinghinte paroksha nadapadikale aasrayikkunnu.
moolyanirnnaya prakriyayekkurichulla avabodham kuraykkunnathinaanu atharam paroksha nadapadikal roopakalppana cheythirikkunnathu. antharleenamaaya aathmaabhimaanam vilayiruthaan avaa upayogikkumbol, manasshaasthranjar pankedukkunnayaalkku svayam prasakthamaaya uthejakangal prayogikkukayum thudarnnu oru vyakthi ethra vegathil positteev allengil negatteevu uthejakangal thirichariyunnuvennu alakkukayum cheiyunnu. udaaharanathinu, oru sthreek sthreeyudeyum ammayudeyum svayam prasakthamaaya uthejakangal nalkukayaanengil, manashaasthranjar aval ethra vegathil negatteevu vaakk, thinma, allengil positteev vaakk, daya thiricharinju ennu alakkum.
jeevithathiludaneelam vikasanam.
oru vyakthiyude jeevithathile anubavangal aathmaabhimaanam engane vikasikkunnu ennathinte pradhana uravidamaanu. oru kuttiyude jeevithathinte aadya varshangalil, maathaapithaakkalkk aathmaabhimaanam ganyamaayi swaadheenikkaan kazhiyum, koodaathe oru kuttikk undaakunna nallathum cheethayumaaya anubhavangalude pradhana uravidamaayi kanakkakkaam. maathaapithaakkalil ninnulla nirupadhika sneham oru kutty paripaalikkappedumenna sthiramaaya bodham valarthiyedukkaan sahayikkunnu. kutty valarumbol eee vikarangal aathmaabhimaanam pilkkala phalangalilekku parivartthanam cheiyunnu. uyarnna aathmaabhimaanam ulla praadhamika vidyaalayathile vidyaarthikalkku avarude kuttikk vyakthamaaya maanadandangal nischayikkukayum theerumaanamedukkunnathil avarude abhiprayam prakadippikkaan anuvadikkukayum cheiyunna karuthalum pinthunayumulla muthirnnavarude aadhikaarika maathaapithaakkalaanullath.
uyarnna aathmaabhimaanam ulla kuttikalumaayi ooshmalavum pinthunaykkunnathumaaya rakshaakarthru shailikalude (pradhaanamaayum aadhikaarikavum anuvadaneeyavumaaya) parasparabandham maathrame ithuvare padanangal report cheythittulloovenkilum, eee rakshaakarthru shailikal aathmaabhimaanam vikasippikkunnathil chila kaaranaparamaaya phalangal undakkunnathaayi eluppathil chinthikkam. aarogyakaramaya aathmaabhimaanam nalkunna kuttikkaalatthe anubavangalil kelkkappeduka, maanyamaayi samsaarikkuka, uchithamaaya shradhayum vaalsalyavum neduka, nettangal amgeekarikkuka, thettukal allengil parajayangal amgeekarikkukayum amgeekarikkukayum cheyyuka enniva ulppedunnu. aathmaabhimaanam kuraykkaan kaaranamakunna anubavangalil kadinamaayi vimarshikkappeduka, shaareerikamaayum laingikamaayum vaikarikamaayum durupayogam cheyyappeduka, avaganikkappeduka, parihasikkappeduka allengil kaliyaakkuka allengil ellaayppozhum "thikanja" varggathil aayirikkumenn pratheekshikkuka enniva ulppedunnu.
school praayathilulla varshangalil, academic nettangal aathmaabhimaanam vikasippikkunnathin oru pradhana sambhaavanayaan. sthiramaayi vijayikkukayo sthiramaayi paraajayappedukayo cheiyunnathu vidyaarthikalude vyakthiparamaaya aathmaabhimaanam shakthippeduthum. ennirunnaalum, vidyaarthikalkku schoolil aayirikkumbol aathmaabhimaanam kurayukayum cheyyum. udaaharanathinu, avarkk academic nettangal illaayirikkaam, allengil avar skoolinu purathulla prasnakaramaaya anthareekshathilaanu jeevikkunnath. munbu paranjathupolulla prasnangal kaumaarakkaarkk svayam samshayikkaan kaaranamakum. saamoohika anubhavangalaan aathmaabhimaanam vardhippikkunnathinu mattoru pradhana sambhavana. kuttikal skooliloode kadannupokumbol, thangalum avarude sahapaadikalum thammilulla vyathyaasangal avar manassilakkaanum thirichariyaanum thudangunnu. saamoohika thaarathamyangal upayogichu, kuttikal vividha pravarthanangalil sahapaadikalekkaal mikachathaano moshamaano ennu vilayiruthunnu. eee thaarathamyangal kuttiyude aathmaabhimaanam roopappeduthunnathilum thangalekkurichu avarkkulla nallatho cheethayo aaya vikaarangale swaadheenikkunnathilum oru pradhana punk vahikkunnu. kuttikal kaumaarathilekku kadannupokumbol, samapraayakkaarude swaadheenam kooduthal praadhaanyamarhikkunnu. kaumaarakkaar adutha suhruthukkalumaayulla bandhathe adisthaanamaakki svayam vilayiruthunnu. kuttikalkkidayil uyarnna aathmaabhimaanam valarthunnathinu suhruthukkal thammilulla vijayakaramaya bandhangal valare pradhaanamaan. saamoohika sveekaaryatha aathmavishwaasam konduvarikayum uyarnna aathmaabhimaanam srishtikkukayum cheiyunnu, athesamayam samaprayakkaaril ninnulla nirasikalum eakaanthathayum svayam samshayangal srishtikkukayum aathmaabhimaanam kuraykkukayum cheiyunnu.
kaumaarapraayatthil svayam bahumaanathil vardhanavu kaanikkunnu, athu cheruppatthilum madhyavayassilum vardhichukondirikkunu. madhyavayass muthal vaardhakyathilekkulla kuravu kaanapedunnu, ithu cherutho valutho aaya kurravaano ennathinekkurichulla vyathyastha kandethalukalundu. aarogyam, vaijnjaanika kazhivu, vaardhakyathile saamoohika saambathika nila ennivayile vyathyaasangal enniva eee vyathiyaanathinulla kaaranangalakaam. purushanmaarum sthreekalum thammilulla aathmaabhimaanam vikasippikkunnathil vyathyasangalonnum kandethiyitla. vidyaabhyaasathile grade panapperuppam allengil soshyal meediyayude saannidhyam polulla saamoohika mattangal kaaranam thalamurakal thammilulla aathmaabhimaanam jeevitakaala pathayil vyathyaasamillenn onniladhikam cohort padanangal kaanikkunnu.
uyarnna thalatthilulla vaidagdhyam, kuranja apakadasaadhyatha, mechappetta aarogyam enniva uyarnna aathmaabhimaanam pravachikkanulla vazhikalaanu. vyakthithvathinte kaaryatthil, vaikaarikamaayi sthirathayullavarum bahirmukharum manassakshiyullavarumaaya vyakthikal uyarnna aathmaabhimaanam anubavikkunnu. vyakthithvavum budhiyum pole kaalakramena sthiratha pularthunnathiloode aathmaabhimaanam polulla gunangalundennu eee pravachanangal namme kaanichu. ennirunnaalum, ithu maattaan kazhiyillennu ithinarthamilla. hyspanic kaumaarakkaarkk avarude karuppum veluppum samapraayakkaare apekshichu alppam kuranja aathmaabhimaanam undu, pakshe 30 vayass aakumbozhekkum alpam uyarnna nilavaaramund. aafrikkan amerikkakkaarkk vellakkaarumaayi thaarathamyappeduthumbol kaumaarathilum yuvaavilum aathmaabhimaanam moorchayulla vardhanavu undu. ennirunnaalum, vaardhakyakaalathu, avarkk aathmaabhimaanam kooduthal vegathil kurayunnu.
naanakked.
aathmaabhimaanam kuranja prasnangal ullavarkku naanakked oru sambhavanayaayirikkaam. saamoohikamaayi vilayiruthappedunna mosham prakadanam polulla saamoohika swabhaavam moolyathakarcha cheyyappedunna oru sahacharyam moolamaanu lajjayude vikarangal saadhaaranayaayi sambhavikkunnath. mosham prakadanam maanasikaavasthakalude uyarnna prathikaranangalilekku nayikkunnu, athu saamoohika aathmasanmaanathil kuravum lajja vardhikkunnathum enna saamoohika swabhaavathinu bhishaniye soochippikkunnu. lajjayude eee vardhanavu aathmakaarunyathiloode sahaayikkaavunnathaan.
yadhaartha svayam, aadarshaparamaaya svayam, bhayappedunna svayam.
yadhaartha athmaavumaayi bandhappett svayam moolyanirnnaya vikasanathinu moonnu thalangalundu, aadarsha aathmaav, bhayankara aathmaav. yadhaarthavum aadarshaparavum bhayappeduthunnathumaaya svayam kuttikalil vaijnjaanika thalangalil thudarchayaaya reethiyil vikasikkunnu.
eee vikasanam kooduthal sankeernavum dhaarmika aavashyangale ulkkollunnathumaaya gadakangal konduvarunnu. chila pratheekshakalkk anusrithamaayi jeevikkunnathaayi thonnaathathinaal vyakthikalude aathmaabhimaanam baadhikkaavunna thalamaanith. eee vikaaram oraalude aathmaabhimaanam mithamaayi baadikkukayum, thangal bhayappedunnavaraayi maarukayaanennu vyakthikal vishwasikkumbol athilum valia swaadheenam cheluthukayum cheyyum.
tharangal.
uyarnna.
aarogyakaramaya aathmaabhimaanam ulla aalukal
surakshitam banama. prathirodham.
oru vyakthikk uyarnna aathmaabhimaanam undayirikkaanum avarude nalla athmaveekshanam nilanirthunnathinu mattullavaril ninnu urappu aavasyamillaathidathu aathmavishwaasathode nilanirthaanum kazhiyum, athesamayam prathirodhaathmakamaaya uyarnna aathmaabhimaanam ulla mattullavar ippozhum ellah uyarnna aathmaabhimaanam ulla vyakthikaleyum pole rosenberg skailil nalla athmavivechanam report cheythekkaam; ennirunnaalum, avarude nalla athmavivechanam durbalav vimarsanathinu irayaakunnathumaanu. uyarnna prathirodhasheshiyulla aathmaabhimaanam ulla vyakthikal upabodhamanassukalil samshayangalum arakshithaavasthakalum ulkkollukayum avarkk labhikkaavunna eathu vimarshanathodum valare prathikoolamaayi prathikarikkaan idayaakkukayum cheiyunnu. eee vyakthikalkk avarude aathmaarthathayude vikarangal nilanirthunnathinu mattullavaril ninnu nirantharamaaya anukoola prathikaranam aavasyamaanu. aavarthichulla prashamsayude aavasyakatha ahankaaravum ahankaaravumaaya perumattavumaayi bandhappettirikkam allengil chilappol vyakthiyude svayam moolyathe chodyam cheiyunna aarodum aakramanathmakavum shathruthaaparavumaaya vikaarangalumayi bandhappettirikkam, ithu bheeshanippeduthunna ahankaarathinte udaaharanamaanu.
jenal oof ejyukkeshanal saikkolaji" nadatthiya oru padanatthil anchu pothu sarvakalaashaalakalilaayi varkk integrated laining (will) prograamukalil pankedukkunna 383 malaysian birudadhaarikalude sample upayogichu aathmaabhimaanam, svayam falapraptiyum aathmavishwaasavum polulla mattu manashaasthraparamaaya attributeukal thammilulla bandham parishodhikkunnu. uyarnna aathmaabhimaanam ulla vidyaarthikalkku kuranja aathmaabhimaanam ullavarekkaal sarvakalashaalayil mikacha prakadanamullathinaal aathmaabhimaanam aathmavishwaasavum svayam falapraapthiyumaayi kriyaathmakavum praadhaanyamarhikkunnathu bandhamundennu phalangal theliyichu. birudadhaarikalude aathmaabhimaanam vikasippikkendathinte praadhaanyam unnatha vidyaabhyaasa sthaapanangalum thozhiludamakalum oonnipparayanamennu nigamanam cheythu.
avyakthavum vyakthavumaan.
svayamprerithamo yaanthrikamo abodhaavasthayo aaya reethiyil svayam positteevo negatteevo aayi vilayiruthaanulla oru vyakthiyude manobhaavatheyaanu antharleenamaaya aathmaabhimaanam soochippikkunnathu. ithu kooduthal bodhapoorvavum prathifalippikkunnathumaya svayam moolyanirnayathinu vidheyamaaya vyakthamaaya aathmaabhimaanam virudhamaanu. vyakthamaaya aathmaabhimaanam, antharleenamaaya aathmaabhimaanam enniva saidhaanthikamaayi aathmaabhimaanam sariyaaya upa tharangalaanu.
ennirunnaalum, vyakthamaaya aathmaabhimaanam, aathmaabhimaanam sambandhicha vivaradaayakamaaya ratingukal ennivayumaayi durbalamo nilavillillaathatho aaya parasparabandham mathramalla, parasparabandhithamaya onniladhikam alavukalude parajayavum kanakkiledukkumbol, oru nirmmanamenna nilayil antharleenamaaya aathmaabhimaanam valare samshayaaspadamaanu.
nilavilullathupole, antharleenamaaya maargangaliloode aathmaabhimaanam vishwasaneeyamaayo saadhuthayodo alakkaan kazhiyumennathinu shaasthreeya thelivukal kuravaanu.
naarsisisavum ahankaaravum bheeshanippeduthunnu.
oraalkk thannodulla amithamaya snehathe prathinidheekarikkunna oru manobhaavamaan narsisism. svayam moolyathekkurichulla oru uyarnna kazhchayaanu ithinte savisheshatha. roobert raaskinte naarsistik vyakthithva inventariyaaya narsisism alavukalil uyarnna score nedunna vyakthikal, "njaan lokathe bharichaal, athu valare mikacha sthalamaayirikkum" enna prasthaavanakalk anusrithamaayi thiranjedukkaan saadhyathayund."naarsisisavum aathmaabhimaanam thammil mithamaaya parasparabandham maathrameyulloo; athaayath oru vyakthikk uyarnna aathmaabhimaanam undayirikkaam, ennaal kuranja narsisism allengil ahankaariyum arochakanumaaya vyakthiyaayirikkam, uyarnna aathmaabhimaanam nedukayum uyarnna narsisism nedukayum cheyyaam. ennirunnaalum, parasparabandha vishakalanam naarsisisatthinte shreshtatha allengil svayam-prashamsana vashangalil parimithappedutthumbol, naarsisisavum aathmaabhimaanam thammilulla parasparabandham shakthamaakunnu (saadhaaranayaayi "r" =. 50-ll allengil athinu chuttum, ennaal chilappol "β" =. 86 vare). mathramalla, mothatthilulla naarsisathe niyanthrikkumbozhum aathmaabhimaanam shreshtathayude bodhavumaayi kriyaathmakamaayi bandhappettirikkunnu.
ennirunnaalum, svayam athishayokthiparamaaya parigananaykk purame, avakaashavaadam, chooshanam, aadhipathyam thudangiya savisheshathakalum naarsisisathe nirvachikkunnu. koodaathe, positteev svayam-prathichaaya naarsisisathinteyum aathmaabhimaanam ennivayude pankitta savisheshathayaanenkilum, naarsistik svayam-vilayiruthalukal athishayokthiparamaan, athesamayam naarsistik allatha aathmaabhimaanam, mattullavarumayi thaarathamyappeduthumbol svayam sambandhicha positteev kaazhchappaadukal thaarathamyena mithamaan. athinaal, oru pradhana savisheshathayaayi positteev svayam-aadarav pankidumbol, naarsisisathe uyarnna aathmaabhimaanam nirvachikkumbol, rund nirmmithikalum parasparam mattaanaavilla.
naarsisistukalude ahankaarathe bheeshanippeduthunna vimarshanangalodulla prathikaranamaayaan bheeshanippeduthunna ahankaarathe visheshippikkunnathu; avar palappozhum sathruthayodum aakramanathmakathayodum prathikarikkunnu.
thaazhnna nilayilaanu.
janithaka gadakangal, shaareerika roopam allengil bharam, maanasikaarogya prasnangal, saamoohika saambathika nila, kaaryamaaya vaikaarika anubavangal, saamoohika kalankam, samapraayakkaarude sammarddam allengil bheeshanippeduthal ennivayulppede vividha gadakangal moolam aathmaabhimaanam kurayunnu.
aathmaabhimaanam kuranja oru vyakthikk inipparayunna chila swabhaavasavisheshathakal kaanikkam
aathmaabhimaanam kuranja vyakthikal thangaletthanne vimarsikkaarundu. chilath svayam moolyanirnnayam nadathumbol mattullavarude amgeekaaratheyum prasamsayeyum aasrayichirikkunnu. mattullavar vijayangalude adisthaanathil avarude ishtathe alannekkaam mattullavar vijayikkukayaanenkil svayam sweekarikkum, pakshe parajayappettaal sweekarikkilla. vittumaaraatha aathmaabhimaanam ulla aalukalkk maanasika vaikalyangal anubhavappedaanulla saadhyatha kooduthalaanu; eee perumaattam maanasika lakshanagal roopappeduthunnathumaayi adutha bandhamullathaan.
chikitsa.
metacognitive therapy, mdr technic, mindfulness adhishtitha cognitive therapy, russional emotive behaviour therapy, cognitive behavioural therapy, swabhaavavum nirmmaana chikilsakalum rogiyude aathmaabhimaanam mechappeduthumennu theliyikkappettittund.
moonnu samsthaanangal.
martin rooss nirddeshicha eee vargeekaranam "nettangal" (vijayangal, bahumathikal, sadgunangal), "virudha savisheshathakal" (parajayangal, naanakked, naanakked muthalaayava) ennivayumaayi thaarathamyappeduthumbol aathmaabhimaanam moonnu avasthakalaayi verthirikkunnu.) vyakthikalude.
thakarnnu.
vyakthi svayam vilappettavaro snehamullavaro aayi kanakkakkunnilla. avar paraajayathaalo lajjayalo amithamaayi tholkkukayum allengil svayam angane kaanukayum avarude "savisheshathakalkk virudha" ennu avar vilikkukayum cheythekkaam. udaaharanathinu, oru nischitha praayathinu mukalilullathu oru aanti-pheett aanennu avar kanakkaakkukayaanenkil, avar avarude aanti-feettinte peril svayam nirvachikkukayum "njaan vrudhanaanu" ennu parayukayum cheiyunnu. avar anukamba, svayam apamaanikkal thudangiya pravartthanangalum vikaarangalum prakadippikkukayum avarude dukkham moolam avar thalarnnuveezhukayum cheythekkaam.
durbalamaaya.
vyakthikk pothuve positteev svayam prathichaayayundu. ennirunnaalum, avarude aathmaabhimaanam asannamaaya oru virudha swabhaavathinte (tholvi, naanakked, naanakked, apamanam) apakadasaadhyathaykk irayaakunnu, thalphalamaayi, avar palappozhum paribhraantharaakukayum prathirodha samvidaanangal pathivayi upayogikkukayum cheiyunnu. durbalaraaya aathmaabhimaanam ullavarude oru saadhaarana samrakshana samvidaanam theerumaanamedukkal ozhivaakkunnathil ulppettekkaam. atharam vyakthikal baahyamaayi valia aathmavishwaasam prakadippikkaamenkilum, adisthaana yaadhaarthyam nere vipareethamaayirikkam prathyakshamaaya aathmavishwaasam avarude swabhaavavirudhathayekkurirudha uyarnna bhayatheyum avarude aathmaabhimaanam durbalamaakunnathineyum soochippikkunnu. bheeshanippeduthunna saahacharyangalil ninnu thangalude aathmaprakrithiye samrakshikkaan avar mattullavare kuttappedutthaanum shramichekkaam. vijayikkenda aavasyathil ninnu parasyamaayi svayam verpeduthukayum avar aazhathil aagrahichekkaavunna saamoohika sveekaaryathayil ninnu swaathanthryam urappikkukayum cheythukondu geyimukalilum mattu malsarangalilum tholkkan sramikkunnathu ulppedeyulla prathirodha samvidaanangal avar upayogichekkaam. oru vyakthiyude samaprayakkaar amgeekarikkappedillenna eee aazhathilulla bhayathil, apakadakaramaaya theerumaanangal edukkunnathiloode avar mosham jeevita thiranjeduppukal nadathunnu.
saktham.
sakthamaaya aathmaabhimaanam ulla aalukalkk positteev aathmaprathichayum mathiyaya shakthiyumund, athinaal swabhaavavirudhatha avarude aathmaabhimaanam keezhppeduthunnilla. paraajayathekkurichulla bhayam avarkk kuravaanu. eee vyakthikal thaazhmayullavarum santhoshamullavarumaayi kaanapedunnu, ithu nettangalekkurichu prashamsikkathirikkaanum savisheshathakale bhayappedaathirikkaanumulla oru prathyeka shakti kaanikkunnu.
karyangal thettiyaal avarude aathmaabhimaanam baadhikkappedaathathinaal avarude lakshyangal nedunnathinu avarude ellah shakthiyodum poraadaan avarkk kazhiyum. avarude svayam prathichaaya shakthamaayathinaal avarkk avarude swantham thettukal krithyamaayi amgeekarikkaan kazhiyum, eee amgeekaaram avarude svayam prathichaayaye durbalappeduthukayo baadhikkukayo cheyyilla. saamoohika anthass nashtappedumenna bhayam kuranjum kooduthal santhoshathodum pothunanmayodum koodi avar jeevikkunnu.
ennirunnaalum, oru tharatthilulla aathmaabhimaanam nasippikkaanaavaathathalla, jeevithathile chila saahacharyangalo saahacharyangalo kaaranam oraalkk eee thalatthil ninnu mattethenkilum aathmavibhavathilekku veezhaam.
aakasmikam banama. aakasmikamallaatha.
aakasmikavum (allengil vyavasthaapithavum) aakasmikamallathathum (allengil nirupaadhikavum) aathmaabhimaanam thammilulla vyathyaasamaan.
"mattullavar parayunnath, oraalude vijayam allengil parajayam, oraalude kazhivu allengil bandhatthil aakasmikamaaya aathmaabhimaanam thudangiya baahya srothassukalil ninnaan "aakasmikamaaya aathmaabhimaanam" uruthirinjathu.
athinaal, anishchithathvavum vishwaasyathayillaaymayum durbalata aakasmikamaaya aathmaabhimaanam adayaalappeduthunnu. aakasmikamaaya aathmaabhimaanam illaatha vyakthikal "svayam moolyathinaayulla nirantharamaaya anweshanathinu vidheyaraanu". ennirunnaalum, aakasmikamaaya aathmaabhimaanam pinthudarunnathu amgeekaaram nedunnathine adisthaanamaakkiyullathinaal, arcum sthiramaaya amgeekaaram labhikkathathinaal athu paraajayappedaan vidhikkappettirikkunnu, koodaathe viyojip palappozhum vishaadathinu kaaranamaakunnu. koodaathe, asammathi undaakumenna bhayam paraajayathinu saadhyathayulla pravartthanangale thadayunnu.
"aakasmikamallaatha aathmaabhimaanam" yadhaarthavum susthiravum dridavumaanennu visheshippikkappedunnu. oraal "sveekaaryamaaya kaalaghattam, jeevithathinu munbuthanne sveekaaryamaaya, sathaaparamaayi sveekaaryamaaya" enna vishwaasathil ninnaan ithu uthbhavikkunnath. oraal "sathaasampradaayathil sweekaaryanaanu" enna vishwaasam oraalude sveekaaryatha "aakasmikathayillaatha karyangal" aanennu vishwasikkuka ennathaanu. eee vishwaasathil, daivashaasthranjanaaya pooll tillich vishadeekarichathupole, sveekaaryatha oru vyakthiyude sadgunathe adisthaanamaakkiyullathalla. nammude kuttabodham undaayirunnittum, namukk kuttabodham illaathathukondalla" nalkunna oru sveekaaryathayaanu ithu.
manashaasthranjanaaya thomas eiii harris aakasmikamaaya aathmaabhimaanam abhisambodhana cheiyunna thante classic "aii aam ooke-yuu aarr ooke" ennathiloode tilichine aakarshichu. sveekaaryamaayathu" ennartham varunna "sharee" enna padatthiloode harris tilichinte "sveekaaryamaayathu" ennu vivarthanam cheythu. ningalkk sukhamaayirikkaam" ennalla, marichu "ningale nirupaadhikamaayi sweekarikkunnu" ennathaanu kristheeya sandesham ennu harris paranju.
oraal sathaasampradaayathil sweekaaryanum amgeekarikkappettavanumaanu vishwaasathil ninnaan surakshithamaaya aakasmikamallaatha aathmaabhimaanam uthbhavikkunnath.
domaine-nirddishta aathmaabhimaanam.
aagola aathmaabhimaanam vyakthikal svayam engane poornnamaayum vilayiruthunnu ennathine abhisambodhana cheyyumbol, domaine-nirddishta aathmaabhimaanam vashangal jeevithathinte vividha prasakthamaaya mekhalakalil avar svayam engane vilayiruthunnu ennathumaayi bandhappettirikkunnu. saamoohikavum vaikaarikavum shareeravumaayi bandhappettathum school prakadanavumaayi bandhappettathum sargaathmakavum kalaparavumaaya mekhalakalile svayam vilayiruthalukal aathmasanmaanathinte atharam pravarthanaparamaaya vyathyastha vashangalil ulppettekkaam.
manashaasthraparamaaya pravartthanam, aarogyam, vidyaabhyaasam, jolie ennivayumaayi bandhapetta falangalekkurichu avaa pravachikkunnuvennu kandethiyittundu.
saamoohika mekhalayile aathmaabhimaanam kurayunnu (athaayath.iii.udaaharanathinu, svayam manassilakkiya saamoohika kazhivu), irakale bheeshanippeduthunnathinu apakada gadakamaayi aavarthichu thiricharinjittundu.
praadhaanyam.
oraalude adisthaanamaaya kaathal mattullavar adisthaanaparamaayi amgeekarikkukayum snehikkukayum bahumanikkukayum cheythillengil maanasika aarogyam saadhyamallenn ebraham maslo prasthaavikkunnu. aathmaabhimaanam aalukale kooduthal aathmavishwaasathodum kaarunyathodum shubhaapthivishvaasathodum koodi jeevithathe abhimukeekarikkaanum angane avarude lakshyangalil eluppathil ethaanum svayam saakshaathkarikkaanum anuvadikkunnu.
aathmaabhimaanam aalukale santhosham arhikkunnuvennu bodhyappeduthiyekkaam. ithu manassilaakkunnath adisthaanaparavum saarvathrikamaayum prayojanakaramaanu, kaaranam nalla aathmaabhimaanam vikasikkunnath mattullavarodu bahumaanathodum kaarunyathodum sadbhaavanayodum koodi perumaranulla kazhivu vardhippikkunnu, angane sambannamaaya paraspara bandhangale anukoolikkukayum vinashakaramaayava ozhivaakkukayum cheiyunnu. mattullavarude snehavum nammodulla snehavum pakarakkaaralla. neremarichu, mattullavare snehikkaan kazhivulla ellaavarudeyum ullil thangalodulla snehathinte manobhaavam kaanapedum. aathmaabhimaanam jolisthalathu sargaathmakatha anuvadikkunnu, ithu adhyapana thozhilukalkk prathyekamaayi nirnayakamaaya oru avasthayaanu.
aathmaabhimaanam illaathathinaal aathmaabhimaanam vyakthamaanennu jose-visent boonnet avakaashappedunnu, mattullavaril ninnulla bahumanam nashtappedukayalla, marichu svayam nirasikkalaan. ithu pradhana vishaadarogavumaayi poruthappedunnuvennu boonnet avakaashappedunnu. vishaadam anubhavichathaayi froid avakashappettu "thante aathmapariseelanathil asaadhaaranamaaya kuravundaayi, valia thothil thante ahankaarathinte daaridryam... addehathinu aathmaabhimaanam nashtappettu ".
anthaaraashtra manushyavakaasha niyamathekkurichulla oru rekhayaaya yogakartha thathwangal, ell. jii. bii. tii janangalodulla vivechanaparamaaya manobhaavathe abhisambodhana cheiyunnu, athu avarude aathmaabhimaanam manushyakkadathu ulppedeyulla manushyavakaasha lamghanathinu vidheyamaakkunnu. 2000-ll prasidheekaricha "aathmahathya thadayal" enna pusthakatthil, kuttikaleyum kaumaarakkaareyum maanasika durithatthil ninnum nirashayil ninnum samrakshikkunnathinum budhimuttullathum sammarddabharithavumaaya jeevita saahacharyangale vendathra neridaan praaptharakkunnathinum vidyaarthikalude aathmaabhimaanam shakthippeduthendathu pradhaanamaanennu lokaarogya samghadana shupaarsha cheiyunnu.
vardhicha santhosham koodaathe, uyarnna aathmaabhimaanam sammarddathe neridaanulla mikacha kazhivumaayum aathmaabhimaanam kuranjavarumaayi thaarathamyappeduthumbol budhimuttulla jolikal ettedukkaanulla uyarnna abhiruchiyumaayum bandhappettirikkunnu.
parasparabandhangal.
1970kalude avasaanam muthal 1990kalude arambham vare pala amerikkakkarum vidyaarthikalude aathmaabhimaanam avar schoolil nediya gradukalilum avarude samapraayakkaarumaayulla bandhatthilum jeevithathile avarude pilkkala vijaythilum nirnaayaka gadakamaayi pravarthichuvennu theerchayaayum karuthi. eee anumaanathinu keezhil, chila american grouppukal vidyaarthikalude aathmaabhimaanam vardhippikkaan lakshyamitulla prograamukal srishtichu. 1990kall vare eee vishayathil piyar-review niyantritha gaveshanavum kuravaayirunnu.
athinusesham nadatthiya piyar-reviewed gaveshanam muun anumaanangale saadhookarichitla. vidyaarthikalude aathmaabhimaanam uyarthunnathu gradukale gunakaramaayi baadhikkillenn sameepakaala gaveshanangal soochippikkunnu. svayam aathmaabhimaanam vardhippikkunnathu yadhaarthathil gradeukal kuraykkumennu rooy boumisttar theliyichittundu. aathmaabhimaanam, academic phalangal enniva ulppedunna bandham uyarnna aathmaabhimaanam uyarnna academic falangalkku kaaranamaakunnu ennathine soochippikkunnilla. eee prakadanatthe badhikkunna saamoohika edapedalukaludeyum jeevita sambhavangaludeyum mattu vyathiyanangal kaaranam uyarnna academic prakadanatthinte falamaayi uyarnna aathmaabhimaanam kaivarikkamennu ithinartham.
manushyarenna nilayil avarude prathyekatha kaaranam maathram vidyaarthikalil aathmaabhimaanam prolsaahippikkaanulla bahumana anukoola abhibhaashikalude sramangal kshematthinte vikarangal nanmayodoppam illengil parajayappedum. vidyaarthikal vyakthiparamayi ardhavathaaya sramangalil earppedumbol maathrame aathmavishwaasam valarukayulloo, eee valarunna aathmavishwaasamaanu kooduthal nettangalkku kaaranamaakunnath.
uyarnna aathmaabhimaanam svayam report cheytha santhoshavumaayi uyarnna parasparabandham pulartthunnu; ithu oru kaaryakaarana bandhamaano ennu sthaapichittilla. aathmaabhimaanam, jeevita samthrupthi enniva thammilulla bandham vyakthivaada samskaarangalil kooduthal shakthamaan.
koodaathe, aathmaabhimaanam adutha bandhangalile kshamayumaayi bandhappettirikkunnave kandethiyittundu, athil uyarnna aathmaabhimaanam ullavar aathmaabhimaanam kuranjavarekkaal kooduthal shamikkum.
uyarnna aathmaabhimaanam kuttikale pukavalikkunathil ninno madyapaanathil ninno mayakkumarunnu kazhikkunnathil ninno neratheyulla laingika bandhatthil earppedunnathil ninno thadayunnilla. 
maanasikarogyam.
vishaadam, uthkanda, bhakshana vaikalyangal ennivayulppede niravadhi maanasikaarogya avasthakalumaayi aathmaabhimaanam bandhappettirikkunnu. udaaharanathinu, aathmaabhimaanam kurayunnathu pravarthanarahithamaaya chinthakal anubavikkunna aalukalkk vishaadathinte lakshanagal vikasikkanulla saadhyatha vardhippikkum. ithinu vipareethamaayi, uyarnna aathmaabhimaanam maanasikaarogya avasthakalude vikaasathil ninnu samraksikkum, uyarnna aathmaabhimaanam bulimiyayudeyum uthkandayudeyum saadhyatha kuraykkunnuvennu gaveshanangal kandethunnu.
neuro sayans.
2014ll roobert ezz nadatthiya gaveshanathil. shavez tooad eph. ennirunnaalum, aathmaabhimaanam frontostriyattal sarkyoottinte connectivityumaayi bandhappettirikkunnave kandethi. frontostriyettal paatha svayam arivumaayi bandhapetta medial prefrondal courtexine ventral stritavumaayi bandhippikkunnu, ithu prachodanatthinteyum prathiphalatthinteyum vikaarangalumayi bandhappettirikkunnu. sakthamaaya shareeraghadanayude pathakal uyarnna deerghakaala aathmaabhimaanam bandhappettirikkunnu, athesamayam sakthamaaya pravarthanaparamaaya connectivity uyarnna hraswakaala aathmaabhimaanam bandhappettirikkunnu.
vimarsanangalum vivaadangalum.
american manasshaasthranjanaaya albert ellis aathmaabhimaanam enna ashayam adisthaanaparamaayi svayam paraajayappedutthunnathum aathyanthikamayi vinaashakaravumaanennu niravadhi thavana vimarshichu. manushyante ahankaarathekkurichulla pravanathayum pravanathayum swathasidhamaanennu amgeekarichenkilum, aathmaabhimaanam enna thathwachinthaye avaasthavikavum yuktirahithavum svayam-saamoohikavum vinaashakaravumaanennu addeham vimarshichu-palappozhum nanmayekkaal kooduthal dosham cheiyunnu. saamaanyavalkkarikkappetta ahankaarashakthiyude aditharayeyum upayogatheyum chodyam cheytha addeham, aathmaabhimaanam ekapaksheeyamaaya nirvachanaparamaaya parisaratthe adisthaanamaakkiyullathaanum amithamaya saamaanyavalkkarikkappedum poornathayullathum mahathaayathumaaya chinthaye adisthaanamaakkiyullathaanum avakashappettu. perumattangaleyum swabhaavasavisheshathakaleyum vilayiruthunnathum moolyanirnayikkunnathum pravartthanaparavum aavashyamullathumaanennu amgeekaricha addeham, manushyarude samagrathayeyum samagrathayeyum moolyanirnayikkunnathum yuktirahithavum adhaarmikavumaanennu kaanunnu. addehathinte abhipraayathil aathmaabhimaanam ennathinulla aarogyakaramaya badal nirupaadhikamaaya svayam sweekaaryathayum nirupaadhikamaaya mattu sveekaaryathayumaanu. "yukthisahamaya vaikaarika perumatta chikitsa" eee sameepanathe adisthaanamaakkiyulla oru maanasika chikilsayaanu.
thettaaya sramangal.
aathmaabhimaanam kuranja vyakthikalkk, eathu positteev uthejakavum thaalkkaalikamaayi aathmaabhimaanam uyarthum. athinaal, swathukkal, laingikatha, vijayam allengil shaareerika roopam enniva aathmaabhimaanam vikasippikkum, pakshe vikasanam ettavum mikachathaanu. positteev uthejakathiloode oraalude aathmaabhimaanam uyarthaanulla atharam sramangal oru "boom allengil bust" paatten srishtikkunnu. "abhinandanangalum anukoola prathikaranangalum" oru uthejanam nalkunnu, ennaal atharam prathikaranatthinte abhaavathe thudarnnu oru pottitheri undaakunnu. aathmaabhimaanam anishchithathvamulla" oru vyakthiye sambandhichidatholam vijayam "adhika madhuramalla", ennaal "parajayam adhika kayperiyathaanu".
narsisism pole.
jeevita samthrupthi, santhosham, aarogyakaramaya perumatta reethikal, falaprapti, academic vijayam, krameekaranam enniva uyarnna thalatthilulla aathmaabhimaanam (harter, 1987; hubener, 1991; lipsits-elhavi & itsaaki, 2005; rumberger 1995; swenson & prelo, 2005; yarchesky & mohan, 1989) ennivayumaayi bandhappettirikkunnu. ennirunnaalum, svayam snehikkunnathu naarsisisathinu thulyamaanennu karuthuka ennathaanu oru saadhaarana thettu, udaaharanathinu eric eriksan "ahankaarathodulla poost-naarsistik sneham" ennu parayunnath. aarogyamulla aathmaabhimaanam ulla aalukal svayam gunangalum thettukalum amgeekarikkukayum nirupaadhikamaayi svayam sweekarikkukayum snehikkukayum cheiyunnu, ennittum, ellaam undaayirunnittum, svayam snehikkunnathu thudaraan avarkk kazhiyum. naarsisistukalil, neremarichu, avarude swantham moolyathekkurichulla anishchithathvam avarkk kaaranamaakunnu...svayam parirakshayullathum ennaal palappozhum poornnamaayum vyajavumaaya, mahathaaya "aabharanam"-"naarsisistukalude" allengil valare uyarnna, ennaal arakshithamaaya, aathmaabhimaanam ulla aalukale srishtikkunnu... saamoohika prashamsayudeyo nirasikkalinteyo oro puthiya episodilum ettakkurachilukal undaakunnu."naarsisistukale sambandhichidatholam, avarude aathmaabhimaanam niyanthrikkuka ennathu avarude nirantharamaaya aashankayaan. avar prathirodhangal (nishedham, projection, svayam panapperuppam, asooya, ahankaaram, akramanam enniva polullava), svayam pramoshan, alankaaram, nuna, aakarshanam, aadhipathyam ennivayiloode impression maanejment upayogikkunnu, koodaathe uyarnna nilavaaramullathum mathsaraadhishtithavum sreniparavumaaya anthareekshangal eshtappedunnu.
athinaal naarsisisathe adisthaanaparamaayi aathmaabhimaanam kurayunnathinte lakshanamaayi kaanaan kazhiyum, athaayath, thannodulla snehakkuravu, ennaal palappozhum "amithamaya nashtapariharam nalki nishedhikkunna prathirodha samvidaanathe adisthaanamaakki" aathmaabhimaanam valareyadhikam vardhikkunnu."
"svayam snehathe aadarshavalkkarichu...avan apakeerthippeduthunna"-ullil "eee vinashakaramaaya kochukutty"-yude bhagam addeham nirasichu. pakaram, naarsisist mattullavarude saannidhyathil avarude gunangalkk oonnal nalkunnu, avar oru moolyavathaaya vyakthiyaanennu svayam bodhyappedutthaanum avarude thettukalkk lajja thonnunnathu avasaanippikkaanum sramikkuka; "yaadhaarthyabodhamillaathu svayam kazhchappadukalulla atharam aalukal, prathyekichu asthiravum nishedhaathmaka vivarangalkk valare durbalarumayirikkaam...avarkk mosham saamoohika kazhivukalundu."

