
victoria cross sweekarthaakkalude pattika (jii-emm)

yunaittad kingdom oonars sisttathile ettavum uyarnna bahumathiyaan victoria cross (vii. sii). britiish sayudha senayile amgangalkku "shathruvinte munnil" dheerathaykk ithu nalkunnu. maranananthara bahumathiyayi ithu nalkappedaam. munbu komanvelthu raajyangalkk nalkiyirunna eee puraskaaram mikka raajyangalum svanthamaayi bahumaanaadhikaarangal sthaapikkukayum britiish bahumathikal shupaarsha cheyyaathirikkukayum cheythittundu. 1879 muthal oru sivilian eee puraskaaram labhichittillenkilum eathu sevanathilum eathenkilum sainika raankilulla oru vyakthikkum sainika commandinu keezhilulla saadhaaranakkaarkkum ithu nalkaam. 1857 ll victoria raajnji aadya avaardukal nalkiyathinaal, ellah avaardukalilum moonnil rund bhaagavum britiish rajaavu vyakthiparamayi nalkiyittundu. eee nikshepangal saadhaaranayaayi buckingham kottaarathilaanu nadakkunnathu.
vii. siyude aadya avalambangal, prathyekichu 1857 februvari 24 leeii prarambha gasattile avaa, oro pravrithiyudeyum vishadaamshangalil vyathyaasappettirikkunnu; chilar theeyathi paridhi vyakthamaakkumbol chilar orotta theeyathi vyakthamaakkunnu. yadhaartha rajakeeya vaarantil maranananthara bahumathikalekkurichu oru prathyeka vyavastha adangiyirunnilla, ennirunnaalum audyogika nayam maranananthara bahumathikal nalkukayallaayirunnu. 1897num 1901num idayil, rakshappettirunnenkil vii. sii. nalkumaayirunna sainikarekkurich "lunden gasattil" niravadhi ariyippukal purappeduvichu. 1902-ll nayam bhaagikamaayi pinvalichathil, paraamarshicha aarr sainikarkk vii. sii. nalkiyengilum "audyogikamaayi" medel nalkiyilla. 1907ll maranananthara nayam poornnamaayum maattukayum aarr sainikarude adutha bandhukkalkk medalukal ayaykkukayum cheythu. 1920 vare maranananthara puraskaarangal vyakthamaayi anuvadikkunnathinaayi victoria cross vaarant audyogikamaayi bhedagathi cheythitilla, ennaal onnaam lokamahaayudhathinulla ellah avaardukaludeyum naalilonn maranaanatharamaayirunnu. noval chavasse, arther martin-leak, chaals upaam ennee rund pravarthanangalkkulla medel aaya vii. sii., baar enniva moonnu perkku labhichu. onnaam lokamahaayudhathile pravarthanangalkku chavasseik rund medalukalum labhichu, athesamayam randaam boyer yudhathile pravarthanangalkku martin-leakinu aadya vii. sii. yum onnaam lokamahaayudhathile pravarthanangalkku randaamathethum labhichu. randaam lokamahaayudhasamayathe pravarthanangalkku chaals upaminu rund vii. sii. kalum labhichu.
victoria cross 1,355 vyakthigatha sweekarthaakkalkku 1,358 thavana nalkiyittundu. oru prachaaranatthinu ettavum kooduthal sweekarthaakkal onnaam lokamahaayudhathilaanu, athil 627 perkku 628 medalukal nalki. 1857 november 16nuu indian kalaapasamayath laknauvinte randaam durithaashwaasathil 24 perkkaanu oru divasathe pravarthanangalkku ettavum kooduthal puraskaaram nalkiyathu. laknauvile randaamathe durithaashwaasa velayil secunder baginu nereyundaaya aakramanathinu 18 aayirunnu orotta pravarthanatthinu nalkia ettavum valia samkhya. oru yoonittin nalkia ettavum valia samkhya, randaamathe/24-aamm paadatthilekku, sulu yudhasamayathu rorkkinte drifttine prathirodhikkunnathinaayi (22-23 januvari 1879) aayirunnu. 1991 muthal austreliya, canada, nyoosiland enniva svanthamaayi victoria cross srishtichu australiyaykku victoria cross, kaanadaykk victoria cross, nyoosilandinu victoria cross. eee vyathyastha medalukalil moonnu ennam maathrame nalkiyittulloo, ellaam afgaanisthaanile yudhathile pravarthanangalkku; 2007 juulai 26 nuu villi apiyaattaykk nyoosilandinaayi victoria cross labhichu; 2009 januvari 16 nuu maarkk donaldson australiyaykkaayi victoria cross nedi; 2011 januvari 23 nuu benn roberts-smithinu australiyaykkaayi victoria cross labhichu. iva prathyeka medalukalayathinaal avaa eee pattikayil ulppeduthiyitla.
andrew fittsgiban aayirunnu vii. sii. yude ettavum praayam kuranja sweekarthaavu, addehathinu vii. sii. nediya pravartthana samayat pathinanju vayassayirunnu. thaarathamyappeduthumbol, ettavum praayam koodiya sweekarthaavu 1857-ll 61-aamm vayassilulla vilyam rainor aayirunnu. adutha bandhukkalkk niravadhi vii. sii. kall nalkiyittundu. naalu jody sahodaranmaarkkum moonnu pithakkanmaarkkum puthranmarkkum vii. sii. puraskaaram labhichittund. victoria cross heros" enna thante pusthakatthil, aashkroft prabhu goff kudumbatthinte katha orupakshe "ettavum dheeramaaya kudumbam" ennu rekhappeduthunnu."1857ll mejar chaals goffinu thante sahodaranaaya lephttanant hugg goffine rakshichathinu vii. sii. puraskaaram labhichu, addeham shatru thokkukal charge cheythathinu sesham athe varsham thanne oru vii. sii. swanthamaakki. chaalsinte makan joonn goo 1903ll kudumbatthinte moonnaamathe vii. sii. nedi.
sweekarthaakkal (jii-emm).
sthirasthithiyaayi eee pattika aksharamaalaakramathil tharamthirikkunnu. indian, neppaal kanvenshan kudumbanaamathinu aadyam, nalkiyirikkunna peru randaamathu; ithu eee pattikayil prathifalikkunnu. pravartthana samayat sweekarthaavinte rank anusarichu rank koolam tharamthirikkunnu. britiish sayudha senayude command gadanaykkullil sweekarthaavinte thaarathamya rank anusarichu eee koolam tharamthirikkunnu. britiish sayudha senaykkullil navikasenayanu seeniyar sarvees, thudarnnu sainyavum thudarnnu royal eyar fozhsum (raaf).

