
goffer (protocol)

internettu protocol netvarkkukalil rekhakal vitharanam cheiyunnathinum thirayunnathinum veendedukkunnathinum roopakalppana cheytha oru ashayavinimaya protocolaanu goffer protocol (). goffer protocolinteyum user interfacinteyum roopakalppana menu nayikkunnathaanu, koodaathe waled wide webinu athinte aadyaghattangalil oru badal avatharippichu, pakshe aathyanthikamayi ethirppilekku veenu, ithu HTTP-yilek vazhuthiveenu. waled wide webinte phalapradamaaya mungamiyaayi goffer aavaasavyavasthaye palappozhum kanakkakkunnu.
upayogam.
maarkk pii. yude neethrthwathilulla oru samghamaanu goffer protocol kandupidichathu. minnesota sarvakalaashaalayile mccahill. ithu web praadeshikamaayi pinthunaykkaattha chila savisheshathakal vaagdaanam cheyyukayum athu sambharikkunna rekhakalil kooduthal sakthamaaya shreni earppeduthukayum cheiyunnu. 1991 ll srishticha samayat ippozhum saadhaaranamaayirunna vidoora tekst ooriyantad computer terminalukale valareyadhikam aasrayikkunna computing parithasthithikalkku athinte tekst menu interface nannayi anuyojyamaanu, koodaathe athinte protocolinte laalithyam vaividhyamaarnna klayant nadappaakkalukk soukaryamorukki. ettavum puthiya goffer parishkkaranangalum graaphikkal klayantukalum multimediaykku pinthuna chertthu.
gofarinte sreniparamaaya ghadana aadyathe valia thothilulla electronic library kanakshanukalkku oru vedhi nalki. goffer protocol ippozhum aaradhakar upayogikkunnu, ithu eathaandu poornnamaayum web maattisthaapichittundum, sajeevamaayi paripaalikkunna servarukalude oru cheria janasamkhya avasheshikkunnu.
uthbhavam.
1991 madhyathil maarkk pii aanu goffer samvidaanam purathirakkiyathu. amerikkayile minnesota sarvakalaashaalayile mccahill, farhad anglesaria, pooll lindner, danielle torry, bob alberty ennivar. athinte kendra lakshyangal thaazhepparayunnavayaayirunu
goffer rekhakalude sreniye, veyis, aarchi, veronica serch enchinukal, phayal transfer protocol (eftipi), yoosnet thudangiya mattu vivara samvidaanangalilekkulla gatewakel ennivayulppedeyulla sevanangalude shekharangalumaayi samyojippikkunnu.
akkaalat unnatha vidyaabhyaasathil campus-wide information sistangalilulla (sii. vii. aii. ezz) pothu thaalpparyavum mattu saittukalude oonlain dayaraktarikalilekkum vibhavangalilekkum linkukalulla oru thalkshana sii. vii. aii srishtikkunnathinulla goffer servarukalude eluppavum gofarinte druthagathiyilulla datheduppilekku sambhavana cheytha gadakangalaayirunnu.
goffer enna vaakkinte niravadhi ardhangale aaspadamaakkiyulla oru naadakamaayaanu aankalesaariya eee peru srishtichathu. minnesota sarvakalaashaalayude chinnachihnamaanu goffer, oru goffer ennathu kaaryangalkkayi "pookunna" oru sahaayiyaan, oru goffer aavasyamulla sthalathu ethaan nilathukoodi kuzhikkunnu.
kurayunnu.
1991ll waled wide web athinte shaishavaavasthayilaayirunnu, goffer sevanangal vegathil sthaapithamaayi. 1990kalude avasaanathode goffer vikasikkunnath avasaanippichu. niravadhi gadakangal gofarinte sthambhanathin kaaranamaayi
goffer athinte aaradhakar sajeevamaayi upayogikkunnu, koodaathe aadhunika plaattfomukalilum mobail upakaranagalilum gofarine punarujjeevippikkaanulla sramangal nadannittundu. vividha brouser ekstenshanukalum aadhunika klayantukalum hostucheyyunna ovarbaitt projakttaanu oru sramam.
saankethika vishadaamshangal.
goffer space" allengil "claude" enna arivu oru prathyeka fayalile nirddishta vivaramaayi sangalppikkunnathum eph. tii. piyude praadhaanyavum saankethikavidyayeyum athinte falamaayundaakunna pravartthanatheyum swaadheenichu.
goffer savisheshathakal.
pravartthikkaanum moundu cheyyaavunna reed-onli global network phayal sisttam pole kaananum roopakalppana cheythittullathaanu goffer (gofferfs polulla softweyarukalkku oru fuse resourceyi oru goffer server moundu cheyyaan kazhiyum). kuranjathu, sidi-romile dattaa fayalukal upayogichu cheyyaan kazhiyunnathenthum gofaril cheyyaam.
oru goffer sisttathil sreniparamaaya hyperlinkable menukalude oru parambara adangiyirikkunnu. menu enangaludeyum sheershakangaludeyum thiranjeduppu niyanthrikkunnath servarinte administrettaanu.
oru web serverile oru fayalinu samaanamaayi, oru goffer serverile oru phayal mattethoru goffer serveril ninnumulla oru menu inamaayi link cheyyaan kazhiyum. upayokthaavin axus cheyyaan kazhiyunna mattu servarukalude oru directory nalkunnathinu pala serverukalum eee inter-server linking prayojanappeduthunnu.
protocol.
goffer protocol aadyamaayi vivarichathu. goffer protocolinu tcp portt 70 ayana nalkiyittundu. protocol charcha cheyyaan eluppamaanu, ithu oru klayant upayogikkaathe brows cheiyunnathu saadhyamaakkunnu.
upayokthru abhyarthana.
aadyam, klayant staanderd goffer portaaya portt 70-ll servarumaayi oru tcp kanakshan sthaapikkunnu. klayant oru string ayaykkunnu, thudarnnu oru kyarej ritten, thudarnnu oru line pheed (oru "sii. aarr + ell. eph" sequence). veendedukkenda rekhaye thirichariyunna selector ithaanu. aittam selector shoonyamaaya variyaanenkil, sthirasthithi directory thiranjedukkappedum.
server prathikaranam.
thudarnnu server abhyarthicha inam upayogichu marupadi nalkukayum kanakshan adaykkukayum cheiyunnu. protocol anusarichu, kanakshan adaykkunnathinu munbu, server oru phul stopp ayaykkanam (athaayath.iii., oru kaalayalavile kathaapaathram) oru variyil thanne. ennirunnaalum, ellah serverukalum protocolinte eee bhagavumaayi poruthappedunnilla, koodaathe anthima phul stopp thirike nalkaathe server kanakshan adachekkaam. 
serveril ninnulla pradhana tharam marupadi oru tekst allengil bainari resource aanu. pakaramaayi, resource oru menu aakam mattu resourceukalekkurichulla paraamarshangal nalkunna gadanaaparamaaya tekst resourcinte oru roopam.
goffer protocolinte laalithyam kaaranam, nettu kaatt polulla upakaranangal command lainil ninnu goffer ulladakkam eluppathil daunlodu cheiyunnathu saadhyamaakkunnu
$ ekko jacq/jacq.exe | enn. sii. goffer.udaaharanam.org 70> jacq.exe
7.21.2-dev ennathupole protocoline kell pinthunaykkunnu.
thirayal abhyarthana.
abhyarthanayile selector string aichhikamaayi oru taab pratheekavum oru serch string pinthudaraan kazhiyum. ithu aittam type 7 upayogikkunnu.
oru menuvinte sozhs coode.
oru tekst fayalile taab-verthiricha moolyangalude varikalaal goffer menu enangal nirvachikkappedunnu. eee phayal chilappol "goffermap" ennu vilikkappedunnu. oru goffer menuvinte sozhs coode enna nilayil, oru goffermap oru web pejinte oru echu. tii. emm. ell fayalumaayi ekadesham saamyamullathaan. oro taab verthiricha variyum ("selector line" ennu vilikkunnu) klayant softwearinu menu inathekkurichulla oru vivaranam nalkunnu athu enthaanu, athine enthaanu vilikkunnathu, athu evidekku nayikkunnu. menu enangal gofarmaappil drishyamaakunna kramatthil klayant pradarshippikkunnu.
oru selector variyile aadya aksharam "inam tharam" soochippikkunnu, ithu menu inam eathu tharatthilulla fayalo protocolo aanu choondikkaanikkunnathenna klayantinodu parayunnu. ithu enthucheyyanamennu theerumaanikkaan upabhokthaavine sahayikkunnu. web, imeyil attaachmentukal upayogikkunna media type sisttathinte kooduthal adisthaana munnodiyaanu gofarinte inaa tharangal.
inathinte tharatthe thudarnnu "user display string" (menuvile inathe prathinidheekarikkunna oru vivaranam allengil label); selector (serverile resourcinulla oru paathu allengil mattu string); "hoost neyim" (domaine namam allengil servarinte aipi vilasam), network portt enniva varunnu.
oru goffer menuvile ellah varikalum "cr + lf" kondu avasaanippikkunnu.
oru menu srothassile oru selector variyude udaaharanam thaazhepparayunna selector varii subdomaine gofarile "/hoome" directoryilekku oru link srishtikkunnu.vellapokkam.coom, portt 70-ll. link cheytha vibhavam oru goffer menu aanennu inathinte tharam soochippikkunnu. udaaharana menu sandarshikkumbol klayant upayokthaavin kaanikkunnath "floodgap hoome" enna stringaan.
 1 fluidgap hoome/hoome goffer.vellapokkam.coom 70
enangalude tharangal.
oru goffer menuvinte sozhs codil, oru prateeka coode klayant eathutharam ulladakkam pratheekshikkanamenn soochippikkunnu. eee coode onnukil oru acamo aksharamalayile oru aksharamo aakam; aksharangal cases sensitiivu aanu.
gofarinte saankethika savisheshatha, 14 inaa tharangale nirvachikkunnu. pilkkala goffer + specification 3 adhika tharangale nirvachichu. oru prateeka coode klayant eathutharam ulladakkam pratheekshikkanamenn soochippikkunnu. exption handlinginulla oru error kodaanu aittam type. rfc 1436 prasidheekarichathinushesha goffer klayant rachayithakkal mechappeduthiya inaa tharangal (echu. tii. emm. ell), (vivara sandesham), (shabda phayal) enniva. nettscape naavigettar polulla brouserukalum microsopht internettu explorarinte aadyakaala pathippukalum vivarichathupole inam tharam coode selectorilekku munkootty vekkum, angane goffer inathinte tharam yuu. aarr. ellil thanne nirnnayikkaan kazhiyum. mikka goffer brouserukalum ippozhum labhyamaan, avarude urlukalil eee prefixukal upayogikkunnu.
upayokthaavin oru goffer menu aavasyamulla (aadya variyil) goffer sessionte oru udaaharanam ithaa
serveril ninnu thirichayacha goffer menu, veendedukkaan kazhiyunna oru inathe vivarikkunna varikalude oru sreniyaanu. mikka klayantukalum iva hypertext linkukalaayi pradarshippikkum, athinaal linkukal pinthudarnnu gofferspaciloode naavigettu cheyyaan upayokthaavine anuvadikkunnu.
eee menuvil oru tekst resource (moonnaam variyile aittam type), submenukalilekkulla onniladhikam linkukal (aittam type, randaamathe variyilum 4-6 varikalilum), oru staanderd allatha vivara sandesham (7-aamm variyil ninnu) enniva ulppedunnu, selector, hoost, portt ennivaykku dummy moolyangal nalki onniladhikam varikalaayi vibhajikkunnu.
baahya linkukal.
charitraparamaayi, oru web servarilekkulla oru link srishtikkunnathinu, oru HTTP gettu abhyarthana anukarikkunnathin "gettu/" oru kapada-selectoraayi upayogichirunnu. urlukale pinthunaykkunna eathu protocolilekkum linkukal anuvadikkunna "url linkukal" ennu saadhaaranayaayi vilikkappedunna goffer protocolilekku joonn gorsen oru kootticherkkal srishtichu. udaaharanathinu, HTTP:// gopher-lake oru link srishtikkaan.kwaks.oorgu/, inathinte tharam, display string linkinte thalakkettaanu, inam selector "url// goffer" aanu.kwaks.oorgu/, "domain porttum uthbhavicha goffer servarintethaanu (athinaal url linkukale pinthunaykkaattha klayantukal serverine chodyam cheyyukayum oru echtml redirection peju sweekarikkukayum cheyyum).
goffer +.
goffer protocolumaayi poruthappedunna oru forwade mechappeduthalaanu goffer +. klayantinum serverinum idayil mettaadaatta ayachukondaanu goffer + pravartthikkunnathu. eee mechappeduthal orikkalum goffer serverukal vyaapakamaayi sweekarichirunnilla.
klayant oru taab ayaykkunnu, thudarnnu a +. oru goffer + server oru staattas line upayogichu prathikarikkum, thudarnnu klayant abhyarthicha ulladakkam. goffer directory listtingil porttinu sesham oru taab + oru inathe pinthunaykkunna goffer + ennu adayaalappeduthunnu (mukalilulla udaaharanathile chila enangalude kaaryamaanith).
goffer +-nte mattu savisheshathakalil iva ulppedunnu
klayant software.
goffer klayantukal.
iva klayantukal, librarikal, yoottilittikal enniva praadhamikamaayi goffer vibhavangal axus cheiyunnathinaayi roopakalppana cheythirikkunnu.
mattu upabhokthakkal.
web brouserukal, librarikal, yoottilittikal enniva polulla klayantukal praadhamikamaayi waled wide web resourceukal axus cheiyunnathinu roopakalppana cheythittullavayaanu, pakshe avaa (edii) goffer pinthuna nilanirthunnu.
gofarine thaddesheeyamaayi pinthunaykkaattha brouserukalkku labhyamaya goffer upayogichu echtidipi gatewakelilekko proxy serverilekko serverukal axus cheyyaan kazhiyum, athu goffer menukale echtml aakki maattunnu; ariyappedunna proxikal floodgap public goffer proxy goffer proxiyumaanu. athupole, gn, pygophered thudangiya chila server paakkejukalkk biltt-inn goffer tuu echtidipi interfaceukal undu. squid proxy software eathenkilum qoq url-yeei echtidipi ulladakkathilekku gateway cheiyunnu, ithu eathu brouserino web ejantino goffer ulladakkam eluppathil axus cheyyaan prapthamaakkunnu.
mossilla firefoxin seamonkic vendi, ovarbaitt ekstenshanukal goffer browsing vipuleekarikkukayum brouserukalude nilavile pathippukale pinthunaykkukayum cheiyunnu (firefox kwaandam vii ≤ 57 umm seemongiyude thulya pathippukalum):
portt 70ll illaatha goffer serverukal vaitlist upayogichu axus cheiyunnathinum sii. ezz. oo/piechu anweshanangalkkumulla pinthuna ovarbityooksil ulppedunnu. overbitef ellaayppozhum portt 70 upayogikkunnu.
chromium, google crome ennivaykku baroo labhyamaan. ithu coce _ 1 urlukale oru proxiyilekku redirect cheiyunnu. munkaalangalil eee brouserukalkkaayi oru ovarbaitt proxy adhishtitha ekstenshan labhyamaayirunnuvenkilum athu ippol paripaalikkappedunnilla, nilavile (> 23) releasukalil ithu pravarthikkunnilla.
concurerinu kioo goffer labhyamaan.
gofarinte bandwidth-saping lalithamaaya interface mobail fonukalkkum pezhsanal digital asisttantumaarkkum (pii. dii. eiii. ezz) oru nalla poruthamaakumennathinaal, 2010 kalude thudakkathil janapriya smartphoneukalkkaayi thaddesheeya goffer klayantukalil oru puthiya thaalparyam kandu.
thulyamaayi malsarikkunna niravadhi computer aarkkitekcharukalum operating sisttangalum undaayirunna oru samayat goffer janapreeti athinte unnathiyilaayirunnu. thalphalamaayi, akkoon risk oesu, amigos, attaari mint, cms, doses, classic mack oesu, mvs, nekst, oesu/2 warp, unix polulla mikka operating sisttangal, vms, windos 3. ex, windos 9ex ennivaykkaayi niravadhi goffer klayantukal labhyamaan. 3dii vishwalaiseshanaayi roopakalppana cheytha oru klayantaayirunnu gofferver, moovil oru goffer klayant polum undu. eee klayantukalil bhooribhaagavum tcp portt 70-ll pravartthikkaan haard-coode cheythavaraanu.
server software.
protocol adisthaana reethiyil nadappilakkaan nissaaramaayathinaal, niravadhi server paakkejukal ippozhum labhyamaan, avayil chilath ippozhum paripaalikkappedunnu.