
imperial kaunsil (austriya)

1861 muthal austriyan saamraajyathinte niyamanirmmanasabhayum 1867 muthal austriya-hangariyile sislithaniyayude niyamanirmmaanasabhayumaayirunu imperial kaunsil (;;;;;;;;;). athu oru dvisabhaasamithiyaayirunnu uparisabha prabhukkanmaarude sabayum () adhosabha prathinidhikalude sabayum () aayirunnu. niyamamaakaan, billukal irusabhakalum pasakkukayum utharavaadithamulla sarkkar mantri oppidukayum thudarnnu chakravartthiyude rajakeeya sammatham nalkukayum cheyyendathundu. pasakia sesham niyamangal "reachsgessetsblaatt" (littu. reach niyama gasatt). saamraajyathva kaunsilinu purame, sislithaniyayile pathinanju vyakthigatha kireedapradeshangalkku avarudethaaya bhakshanakramam () undaayirunnu.
1883 desember 4 muthal viyannayile ringstraasile paarlament kettidatthilaayirunnu imperial kaunsilinte aasthaanam. eee kettidam poortthiyaakunnathinu munbu, loards house lover austriyayile estettu hausil yogam cherukayum deputimaarude house ferdinand fenner roopakalppana cheytha oru thaalkkaalika thadi kettidatthil koodikkaazhcha nadathukayum cheythu. onnaam lokamahaayudhathil austriya-hangariyude paraajayathetthudarnnu 1918 november 12nuu imperial kaunsil pirichuvittu.
sthaapanam.
1848leeii viplavangalil jarmman konfedareshanil ulppettirunna austriyan saamraajyathinte kireedadeshangalil ninnulla prathinidhikal viyannayil oru "saamraajyathva bhakshanakramathil" koodikkaazhcha nadatthi. 1848 juulai 22 nuu aarch duke joonn udghaadanam cheytha kanvenshan oktobarile vienna kalaapathin sesham moraviayile chromerisilekku () maari. athu austriyan deshangalile adimathathinte avasana avashishtangal nirthalaakkuka mathramalla, oru bahurashtra raashtrathinte saamraajyathinte swabhaavathe prathifalippikkunna oru bharanaghadana roopeekarikkukayum cheythu, prathyekichu check raashtreeyakkaaranaaya frantisec palaakkiyude neethrthwathilulla austroslavic prasthaanam kanakkileduthu.
ennirunnaalum, 1849 march 4 nuu, mantriyum prasidantumaaya felix suu schwarsenberg munkaiyedukkukayum ellah austriyan janathaykkum samathvam vaagdaanam cheiyunna march bharanaghadana earppeduthukayum dvisabha "saamraajyathva bhakshanakramam" nalkukayum cheythu. ennirunnaalum, moonnu divasathinu sesham schwarsenberg cremsier paarlamentine balamaayi pirichuvidukayum oduvil 1851 leeii puthuvalsara dhina pettant ("" ") upayogichu bharanaghadana raddaakkukayum cheythathinaal ithu oru vashamaayirunnu. france josaf chakravarty samboornna adhikaarathode bharichu. saamraajyathva bhakshanathinu pakaram addeham oru "imperial kaunsil" () sthaapichu, athil amgangale thante adhikaarathil niyamichu.
1850kalil, vittumaaraatha saambathika aswasthatha rookshamaayi. randaam itaaliyan swaathanthryasamarathinum 1859 leeii solferino yudhathil austriyan senayude raktharookshithamaaya paraajayathinum sesham eee saahacharyathinte bheekaramaaya swabhaavam chakravarthikku velippeduthi. aabhyanthara munnaniye shaanthamaakkunnathinum sambannamaaya boorshwaasiyude pinthuna nedunnathinum france josaf 1860 octoberil diploma puratthirakki. oru anuranjana sthaapanamaayi ippozhum ardhamaakkunna oru "imperial diet", oro austriyan kireedabhoomikkum sthaapikkenda pravishya bhakshanakramam vazhi thiranjedukkappedunna 100 prathinidhikal undaayirikkanam. ennirunnaalum, eee thiranjeduppu sambradaayam boorshwa liberalukaleyo hangarian bhakshanathekkaal uyarnna oru adikaaravum sweekarikkaan visammathicha hangarian prabhukkanmaareyo thripthippeduthiyilla.
ekkaaranathaal, diploma upekshikkukayum 1861 februvariyile pettant upayogichu maattisthaapikkukayum cheythu, ithu liberal mantriyum prasidantumaaya aantan voonn sherling thayyarakki. ithu oru dvisabhaasamithri kaunsil sthaapichu uparisabha prabhukkanmaarude sabayum () adhosabha prathinidhikalude sabayum () aayirunnu.
karthaavinte veedu.
1861 epril 29 nuu house oof loards aadyamaayi yogam chernnu. innathe yunaittad kingdatthile house oof lordsinu samanamaayirunnu ithu. 1883ll paarlament kettidam poortthiyaakunnathuvare viyannayile palays neederosterichil ithu kandumutty. house oof loards ulppettathaayirunnu
1918 october 30nuu nadanna house oof lordsinte avasana yogam anchu minittinullil nirtthivachu. randaam lokamahaayudhasamayathu paarlament kettidatthile house oof loards chamber bombaakramanatthil nasippikkappettu. samakaalika shailiyil punarnirmmicha ithu ippol janaadhipathyaparamaayi thiranjedukkappetta republic oof austriyayude deseeya kaunsilinte chamberaayi pravartthikkunnu.
house oof deputykal.
februvari pettantiloode imperial kaunsil sthaapithamaayappol, house oof deputikalilekkulla thiranjeduppu "curie" samvidaanathiloodeyaanu nadathiyathu. eee sanbradaayathil, kireedabhoomikalude bhakshanakramam vazhi thiranjedukkappetta 343 prathinidhikalundaayirunnu. bhakshanakramam svayam thiranjedutthathu naalu curicalaanu. curiekal adisthaanaparamaayi chila saamoohika vibhaagangalude sammelanangalaayirunnu. bhoovudama vibhaagathin oru curia, chembezhs oof komezhsinu oru curia, pattanangalkkum nagarangalkkum oru curia, grameena samoohangalkku oru curia ennivayundaayirunnu. oro curia bhakshanakramathilekku thiranjeduttha ennam prathinidhikale thiranjedukkum, athu imperial kaunsililekkulla prathinidhikale thiranjedukkum. nagarangalude curiayudeyum grameena samoohangalude curiayudeyum bhagamaakaan oru vyakthikk kuranjathu patthu gildermarengilum nikuthi adaykkendivannu. october diplomayilethupole eee sambradaayam hungery nirasikkukayum hungery orikkalum kaunsililekku prathinidhikaleyonnum ayaykkathirikkukayum cheythu. 1865ll februvariyile pettant nirtthivachu.
1867leeii austro-hangarian othutheerppode, hungery inii imperial kaunsililekku prathinidhikale ayaykkilla. pakaram, saamrajyam sislitania, translithania enningane rund thulya bhagangalaayi punasamghadippichu. saamraajyathinte austriyan bhagamaaya sislitania audyogikamaayi "saamraajyathva kaunsilil prathinidheekarikkunna raajyangalum bhoomikalum" ulkkollunnu. translathania hungery raajyavum athinte keezhilulla croatia-slavonia raajyavum ulkkollunnu. oru keezhilulla praadeshika bhakshanathinu pakaram, hungerick svanthamaayi paarlament nalkukayum adisthaanaparamaayi "paramadhikaara rashtra" padavi nedukayum cheythu. ennirunnaalum, curia samvidaanam nilaninnu. eee ghattathil, ellah sislithenian kaaryangalilum kaunsilinu vipulamaaya niyamanirmmaana adhikaarangalundaayirunnu. sislithaniyayudeyum mantri-presidentinteyum sarkkaarinteyum niyamanavum pirichuvidalum chakravartthiyude avakaashamaayi thudarnnu. imperial kaunsililekku ayaykkunna oro dietilum prathinidhikalude ennam eee othutheerppiloodeyaanu nischayichathu. aake 203 prathinidhikal undaayirunnu 
saamraajyathva kaunsililekkulla adutha valia maattam 1873-ll vannu. prathinidhikalude ennam 203-ll ninnu 353 aayi uyarthi. prathinidhikale inii kireedadeshangalude bhakshanakramathiloode thiranjedukkilla. pakaram, aarr varshathe kaalaavadhikkaayi curia samvidaanathiloode avare nerittu thiranjedukkum. bhoovudamakalude curia 85 prathinidhikaleyum chamber oof komezhsil 21 pereyum nagarangalil 118 pereyum grameena samoohangalil 128 pereyum thiranjedutthu. mothatthil, saamraajyathile janasamkhyayude 6 sathamaanam perkku maathrame eee thiranjeduppil vottu cheyyaan kazhinjulloo. curielekku praveshikkunnathinulla nikuthi aavasyakathakal athepadi nilaninnirunnuvenkilum 1883-ll athu anchu gilderukalaayi kurachu.
1893 october 10 nuu, mantriyum prasidantumaaya edward taff, 11-aamath wiscond taff, naalaamathe curia nirthalaakkaanum anchu gilder paridikk thaazheyulla purushanmaarkk moonnaamathe curiayil saarvathrika vottavakaasham avatharippikkanum uddeshichulla oru bill house oof deputicil samarppichu. ithine shakthamayi ethirkkukayum niyamamaayi paasaakkaathirikkukayum cheythu. ithokkeyaanengilum, 1896 juun 14nuu mantriyum presidendumaaya kaundu kasimir felix badeniyude parishkaarangaliloode deputy amgangalude ennam 425 aayi uyarthi. 24 vayassinu mukalilulla ellah purushanmarkkum saarvathrika vottavakaasham nalkunna anchaamathe curia chertthu. eee curia 72 prathinidhikale thiranjedutthu, adhikara santhulithaavastha prabhukkanmaril ninnu maatti.
valarnnuvarunna soshyal demookratik party bahujana prakadanangalkkum house oof lordsile kadutha ethirppukalkkum sesham 1906 ll mantriyum prasidantumaaya pooll gauttsh voonn fraankantharn house oof deputicinte charithratthil anthima thiranjeduppu parishkkaranam avatharippichu. purushanmaarkk saarvathrika vottavakaasham avatharippikkukayum curia sambradaayam nirthalaakkukayum cheythu. prathinidhikalude ennam 516 aayi uyarthukayum kireedabhoomiyude adisthaanathil seettukal veendum anuvadikkukayum cheythu.
saarvathrika vottavakaasham thozhilaallivargathile amgangalkku kooduthal praathinidhyam nalkukayum jarmman samsaarikkunna boorshwaasiyude shakti kuraykkukayum cheythu. ithu janaadhipathyathinte munnettamaayirunnenkum, desheeyathayudeyum prathyayashaasthrathinteyam adisthaanathil prathinidhikalude sabhaye niravadhi vibhagangalaayi vibhajikkaan ithu kaaranamaayi, ithu athine pravarthanarahithamaakki. saamraajyathva kaunsilinte nilanilppiludaneelam, saamraajyathinte niravadhi ghadaka deseeyathakal thammilulla samgharshangal saamraajyathva kaunsilinte falaprapti valareyadhikam baadhichu. sislithaniyayile sarkkaarukalkk palappozhum poolish prathinidhikalude ("polynclub") pinthunayode ayanja "adhock" sakhyangale aashrayikkendivannu, 1867 num 1918 num idayil 29 mantri-prasidantumaar undaayirunnu.
pirichuvidal.
1914 joolaiyile prathisandhikk sesham imperial kaunsil thaalkkaalikamaayi nirtthivachu. 1917 meyy maasathil athu veendum cherunnathuvare onnaam lokamahaayudhakaalatholam athu angane thanne thudarnnu. 1918 november 12nuu chaals chakravartthiyude "yadhaartha" sthaanathyaagam kazhinju oru divasam kazhinju ithu sthiramaayi pirichuvittu.