
jaims durham (mantri)

dundyude vadakku eesttar poriyile (ippol veddarben) joonn darhaaminte mootha makanaayirunnu jaims durham (1622-25 juun 1658). sent andruz sarvakalashaalayil vidyaabhyaasam nediya addeham oru deshasnehiyude jeevithathilekku svayam praveshichu. abarcon edavakayile thante ammayiyammaye sandarshikkumbol, queensferry mantriyaaya melvil nadatthiya prabhaashanatthinte anantharafalamaayi addeham aazhathilulla mathaparamaya swaadheenathinu vidheyanaayi. aabhyantharayudhathil chernna addeham captanaayi sthaanakkayattam nedukayum thante kambaniyude bhakthikale gauravamaayi prolsaahippikkukayum nayikkukayum cheythu; ithu professor dixon shradhichappol addeham 
yudhakkalathil rund idungiya rakshappedal vazhi thidukkathilaaya oru prameyamaaya shushrooshaykkaayi svayam thayyaredukkaan prerippikkappettu. addeham 
emm birudam.eiii. (glasgo, 1 meyy 1647). 1647 meyy 18nuu irvinile presbitery addehathinu shushrooshaykku licenses nalki. 1647 desember 2nuu blackfrearmaarude sabhayil addehathe praveshippichu. 1650 juulai maasathil durhamine raajaavinte chapline niyamichu. 
1651 septambar 4 nuu nagaratthinte padinjaaran bhaagatthinte chumatala vahichu. 1652ll sabhayile rund kakshikal thammilulla oru aikyam nadappakkaan addeham shramichenkilum vijayichilla. 1658 juun 25nuu addeham upabhogam moolam marichu.
jeevitam.
jaims durham, daivika udambadi, granch durham aamgasile joonn durhaaminte mootha makan forfer kaundiyile 'eesttar poori' ennu vilikkapetta oru nalla estettinte udamayumaayirunnu. addeham sent. andruz sarvakalashaala, pinneedu thante naadan sthalathaanu thaamasichathu. pinneedu, aabhyantharayudhathil addeham aayudangal edukkukayum oru sainyathinte captanakkukayum cheythu. edinbarginaduthulla abarkonilvechu bhaaryayude (dundervyile francis darhaaminte makal anna) bandhukkalude sandarshanathil addeham swaabhaavikamaayum gauravamullathum chinthaneeyavumaaya aazhathilulla mathaparamaya bhaavangalkk vidheyanaayirunnu, koodaathe prashasthanaaya presbytarian daivamaaya david dixon thante sainikarumaayi praarthikkunnathu kettathum addehathe shushrooshayilekku samarppikkunnathilekku nayichu. glassgoyil padichathinushesham 1647-ll oru prasamgakanaayi addehathinu licenses labhichu. thante sthaanathulla oru vyakthi atharamoru maattam varuthanamennu thante pazhaya suhruthukkalkkum ayalkkarkkum idayil chila abhipraayangal aaveshabharithamaayi, ennaal addehathinte muzhuvan athmaavum puthiya thozhililaayirunnu, addeham valia aaveshathode svayam nyaayeekarikkukayum cheythu. kurachukaalam addeham glassgoyil thante shushroosha nadathukayum 1650ll avidatthe sarvakalashaalayil daivathvathinte professoraayi niyamikkappedukayum cheythu. ennaal addeham aaa offeesil sthirathaamasamaakkunnathinu munbu addeham raajaavinte chappline haajaraakanamenn potusabha theerumaanichu. eee padaviyude chumathalakal addeham 'valare gaambheeryathodum vismayathodum koodi' nirvahichu, athu thannodu valareyadhikam bahumaanathode kodathiye prachodippichu. eee saahacharyathil ninnu mochithanaayappol addehathe veendum glasgoyile shushrooshayilekku vilikkukayum 'innar kirkkil' ulppeduthukayum cheythu.'addehathinte aarogyam orikkalum shakthamaayirunnilla, addeham akaalathil prayamaaya aalaayirunnu, bhaagikamaayi addeham nayicha ekopithamaaya adhwana jeevithathinte phalamaayirunnu athu. 1658 juun 25nuu muppathiyaaraam vayassil addeham antharichu. addehathinte aadyabharya anna 1648ll marichu. pinneedu addeham desember 14nuu vivaham kazhichu. 1653-maargarat murey, sachari boyidinte vidhava. 1692ll avar marichu.
dridanishchayathinte theevrashakthiyum swabhaavathinte valia gauravavumulla oru vyakthiyaayirunnu durham. chila kaaryangalil addehavumaayi saamyamulla roobert laittanekkurichu parayunnathanusarichu addeham punchirikkaan apoorvamaayi maathrame ariyappettirunnulloo. thiruvezhuthukalilum akkaalathe daivashaasthra, sabhaa vishayangalilum addehathinte padanangal asaadhaaranamaaya uthsaahathode nadannu. kristheeya shushrooshayodulla thante bhakthiyekkurichu addeham nischayadaartyamulla thelivu nalki, joliyile thante advaanathiloodeyum oru deshasnehiyude jeevithathile sthaanangalil ninnum aanandangalil ninnum viramichathiloodeyum. oru prasamgakanenna nilayil addehathinte shakthiyeyum vishwasthathayeyum kurichu cromwell skotlandile adhiniveshathinte samayathaan sradheyamaaya oru drishtaantham sambhavichathenn parayappedunnu. cromwell anjjaathanaayi palliyil praveshichathaayum, oru engleesh offeesarude vasthram dharichirunnappol addehathodu oru tharatthilum valare maryada kaanikkaatha provosttinte makalude pyoovil athu sambhavichathinal oru seett labhichathaayum parayappedunnu. shushrooshayude avasaanathil cromwell avalodu prasamgakante peru chodichu. aval oru kadinamaaya marupadi nalkukayum enthukondaanu arian aagrahikkunnathenn chodikkukayum cheythu. cromwell marupadi nalki, kaaranam addeham valare mahanaaya oru manushyanaanennu addeham karuthi, europile oru rajakumaranteyum chaplineyirikkaam, ennirunnaalum addeham addehathe munbu kandittumilla, kettitilla.'engleesh adhiniveshathinethire cromwellinu munbu durham prasamgichuvennu urappaan. raashtreeyathekkurich prasamgikkunnathu thante sheelamaano ennu cromwell addehathodu chodichathaayum anganeyallennum ennaal addeham haajaraayat kandu thante manassine ariyikkunnath sariyaanennu addeham karuthiyennum kathayude oru pathippil parayunnu. akkaalathe ettavum kazhivullavarum bhakthiyullavarumaya purushanmaaril oralaayi addehathinte samakaalikar durhamine ettavum uyarnna bahumaanichirunnu. athra cheruppatthil addeham oru valia ezhuthukaaranaayirunnu.
kudumbam.
addeham (1) dundarvyile francis durhaaminte makalaaya annaye (ekadesham 1648-ll marichu) vivaham kazhichu, avarkk oru prashnamundaayirunnu-abhibhashakanaaya pitkeroyude francis 1667-ll marichu (2) 14 desember. 1653-ll, sackery boyidinte vidhava baarani edavakayude manthriyumaaya maargarat myoor oof glaandezhsttan (1692 allengil 1693-ll marichu), avarkk-jaims oof largo; alexander oof largo; joonn.
jolie cheiyunnu.
<pradhaanamaayum maranananthara maranangalaayirunna addehathinte kruthikal inipparayunnavayaanu
kruthikalude digital grandhasoochika

