
kasai-omelar prabhavam

intermediat redshifttile (z ~ 0.3) galaxy klasttarukalude korukalil kuranja redshift klasttarukalude korukalekkaal neela thaaraapathangalude oru valia bhagam adangiyirikkunnuvennu soochippikkunna oru shaasthreeya sidhaanthamaanu kasera-omlar prabhavam. 1978-leeii "astrophysical jenal" pepparil harvy kasaiyum augustus omlarum chernnaanu eee avakaashavaadam aadyamaayi munnottuvachathu.
yadhaartha kasaaya-omlar paper thaaraapathangalude rund koottangalude photometry avatharippikkunnu, z = 0.39 ll cl 0024+1654 umm z = 0.40 ll 3c 295 umm, avayude roopaghadanayilum sambannathayilum saadhaaranamaanu. aduthulla cooma clusterineppole, avaa sambannavum avayude thaaraapathangalil kendreekrithavumaanu. eee vidoora koottangalude korukalil, aduthulla koottangalude korukalil (samanamaaya sambannathayum roopaghadanayum) nireekshikkunnathinekkaal kooduthal neela thaaraapathangal nireekshikkappettathayi kasaiyum oomlarum kandethi.
klasttar galaxy "neela" chila saahacharyangalil, nakshathrangalude roopeekaranathinte soochakamaayi upayogichekkaam. neela galaxy klasttar amgangalude oru pradhana koottatthe tharamthirikkaavunna moonnu spectral klaasukal jyothishaasthranjar thiricharinjittundu. aadyathethu valare neela niratthilulla sakthamaaya nakshatra roopeekaranathinu vidheyamaaya vasthukkalum puranthallal niracha echu-deltta lineukal kaanikkunna spectrayumaanu. randaamathaayi, nakshathravisphodanathinu sheshamulla thaaraapathangalum nireekshikkappedunnu. mithamayathum shakthavumaya echu-deltta agiranam ulla staarbarst thaaraapathangalkku samanamaaya neela nirangal kaanikkunna klasttar amgangalaaniva. moonnaamathethu sajeevamaaya galaxy nucleusukalil kaanapedunna vishalavum koodaathe/allengil uyarnna eksaitteshan line spectra kaanikkunna klasttar amgangalaanu. kashana-omlar nireekshanangal soochippikkunnathu intermediat redshifttil sambannamaaya koottangalude korukalil thaaraapathangalude oru bhaagath nakshathrangalude roopeekaranathinte uyarnna nirakk kuranja redshifttile sambannamaaya koottangalude korukalekkaal nireekshikkappedaam ennaanu.
1978leeii kasai-omlar pathram ganyamaaya charchakalkku kaaranamaayi. thudarnnulla aarr varshathe kashap-omlar prabandhangalude parambara "koottangalile thaaraapathangalude parinaamathode avasaanikkunnu. vii. z ~ 0.5 muthalulla janasamkhyayekkurichulla oru patanam. eee prabandham virgo klasttaraaya 0.003 muthal 0.54 vare, klasttar klasttar 0016+16 vareyulla chuvanna shifttukalulla 33 thaaraapathangalude koottangalude photometry avatharippikkunnu. eee patanam avarude yadhaartha 1978 leeii prabandhatthil munnottuvacha nigamanathe shakthippeduthunnu, "koottangalil thaaraapathangalude sakthamaaya, sameepakaala parinamam" undaayittund.
kasaiyum omlarum thammilulla nigamanam intermediat redshifttil (0.3 ≤ z ≤ 0.9) sambannamaaya klasttarukalude korukalekkurichu niravadhi anweshanangal srishtichu kasaiyum omlarum pole sofa newel (1984) atharam parithasthithikalude broadband photometry nedi. kidakka thudangiyava. (1983), ellis thudangiyavar. (1985), mcclaren, ellis aandu kauchu (1988), aaragon-salamanga, ellis aandu sharples (1991), aaragon-salamanga thudangiyava. (1993) opttikkal, infrared baandukalil 0.05 ≤ z ≤ 0.9-num idayil redu shifttukalulla imej cheytha klasttarukal. dressler aandu gann (1982), laveri aandu henry (1985), sopha aandu sharples (1987) ennivayaanu spectroscopic nireekshanangal nadathiyathu. eee koottangalude korukalile thaaraapathangalude roopaghadanayekkurichulla padanangal hubble space telescope upayogichu sopha muthalaayava upayogichu nadatthi. (1994), dressler thudangiyavar. (1994). eee anweshanangalude phalam, kashana-omlar prabhavam sambannamaaya klasttarukalil z> 0.20 ll vyaapakamaanu, ithu klasttar amgangalude oru upavibhaagathile nakshatra roopeekaranathinte sakthamaaya episodukal moolamaanu.
eee prabhavam sambannamaaya koottangalil maathramaayi parimithappeduthunnathaayi thonnunnu, kuranjathu kanyaka koottathekkaal sambannamo sambannamo aanu. aalimngtan-smith thudangiyavar. (1993) 0.05 enna chuvanna maattathilekku cheria grouppukalaayi gaalaksikal nireekshikkukayum neela amgangalude bhinnasamkhyayum kootta sambannathayum thammil oru bandhavum kandethukayum cheythu; ellah sambannathakaludeyum grouppukalkku neela thaaraapathangalude samanamaaya uyarnna bhinnasamkhyakal undennu nireekshikkappettu. collus thudangiyavar. (1990,1993) bj = 22.5 nekkaal thilakkamulla neela feeld thaaraapathangalil 95 sathamaanathiladhikam z = 0.5 nekkaal thaazheyulla chuvanna shifttukalilaanennu sthireekarichu, 90 sathamaanam aathmavishwaasa nilavaaratthilulla modalukalil z = 1 muthal feeld galaxy janasamkhyayude thilakkathinte parinamam pravachikkunnillenn sthireekarikkunnu. (1994) klasttar sii. ell. <aii. dii. 1> 0.01 lum sofa mattullavarum nireekshichu. (1994) z = 0.31 ll essy 114 umm "z" = 0.37 ll abel 370 umm nireekshichu. eee rachayithakkal swathanthramaayi eee nigamanatthiletthi, klasttar amgangal thammilulla layanathekkurichulla oro nireekshanatthilum, randum neela nirangal kaanikkunnu, oru staarbarst allengil poost-staarbarst objectinte spectroscopic oppu undaayirunnu. athinaal, kashana-omelar prabhavam bhaagikamaayi galaxy-galaxy layanathinte falamaayirikkaam.

