
lunden aandu lancashire insurance

1862ll sthaapithamaaya lunden aandu lancashire insurance yuu. esile oru insurance sthaapanamaayi maari.keey.'pathonpathaam noottaandinte avasaanathode munnira agnishamana insurance kambanikal. irupathaam noottaandinte thudakkathil niravadhi ettedukkalukal kambaniye apakada, samudra inshuransilekkum life inshuransilekkum kondupoyi, ithu oru pramukha samyojitha insurance kambaniyaayi maari. vyavasaayathile ekeekaranathethudarnnu, 1962ll landanum lancashire royal insurance etteduthu.
charithram.
onnaam varsham.
1861 juun maasathe tolly theruvu theepiduttham 1666 nuu sheshamulla ettavum valia theepiditthamaayirunnu, ithu 125 laksham poundinte avakaashavaadangalkku kaaranamaayi. lunden vyapariyum kambani promoterumaaya alexander haamilttan ganninu oru puthiya fayar insurance kambani aarambhikkaanulla prachodanamaanithennu vishwasikkappettu. aagasttil, theepiduttham nadannu rund maasathinu sesham, addeham pramukha lunden, lancashire bisinasukaareyum vyaapaarikaleyum koottichertthu; lunden, lancashire fayar inshuransinaayi octoberil oru vivarakkuripp prasidheekarichu. directormaaril francis vilyam russell, lunden nagaratthile pradhana sanjaarikaliloraalaya limeric sittiyile empy, livarpool vyaapaarikalude francis braun ennivar ulppedunnu; taamasiyaathe, gannumaayulla bandham avasaanichu. 200, 000 poundinte mooladhanam samaharikkukayum 1862 februvariyode kambani bisinassinaayi rajisttar cheyyukayum cheythu. lunden aasthaanamaayulla general manejaraayi kween insurance kambaniyude maanejar misttar klirehuvine directormaar niyamichu. (athe samayam, landanum lancashire kween insurance kambaniye ettedukkaanulla oru parajayappetta sramam aarambhichu). livarpool oafees vadakku ejansikaleyum lunden thekk ejansikaleyum niyamichu; eathaandu thottupinnaale, montriyal, melbone, paarees, sent peettezhsburg ennividangalil ejantumaare niyamichu kambani athinte abhilaashangal prakadippichu. prospectus svayam agni inshuransil othungiyirunnu; kween inshuransinaayulla parajayappetta lelathinte aakarshanangalilonn raajnjiyude life ashwarans bisinassaayirunnu. pakaram, 1862 meyy maasathil, 10,000 poundu panamadacha mooladhanamulla oru samanthara life kambani roopeekarikkaan directormaar theerumaanichu. verittathaanenkilum, athu klirehag kaikaaryam cheyyum. angane, prarambha yogam nadannu oru varshathinullil, landanum lancashire mooladhanam swaroopikkukayum brittanilum niravadhi videsha nagarangalilum ejansikale niyamikkukayum oru life ashwarans kambani aarambikkukayum cheythu. 1865 aayappozhekkum kambanikku swadeshathum videshathum 500 ejansikal undaayirunnu.
aadyakaala budhimuttukalum livarpoolilekkulla neekkavum.
vaarshika premium varumanam athivegam vardhikkukayum 1864ll 100,000 poundiletthi. ennirunnaalum, chelavukal kanathathum unterriting nashtam anupatham 1863ll 37 sathamaanathil ninnu 1865ll 68 shathamaanamaayi uyarukayum cheythu; karuthal shekharam 11 shathamaanamaayi maathram kuranju. 1866ll athilum moshamaaya avasthayundaayi. meyil overend, gurney, kambani ennivayude thakarchaykku sesham vyapakamaaya saambathika paribhranthi undaayi. novemberil yokohamayil undaaya valia theepidutthatthil kambanikku 20,000 poundu chelavayi. aaa varshathe motham nashtam 126,000 poundaayirunnu; karuthal shekharam theernnu. adhika mooladhanathinaayi ohari udamakale vilikkaan lunden board aagrahichenkilum livarpool directormaar shakthamayi viyojichu. pakaram, landanum lancashire athinte adacha mooladhanathinte pakuthi vare kadam vaangaanum life kambaniyil ninnu vaaypa edukkaanum sammathichu. livarpool directormaar pinneedu landanile directormaare velluvilikkukayum head offeesum maanejmentum livarpoolilekku marran nirbandhikkukayum cheythu. life kambani landanilaanu thaamasichathu.
oduvil kambanikku athinte durbalamaaya reserve sthaanam neridendivannu, 1868-ll ohari udamakalkku oru oharikku 1 poundinte kooll neridendivannu. 1867lum thudarnnulla naalu varshangalilum kambani labhavihitam nalkiyilla. 1867num 1872num idayil bisinesses vikasikkukayum premium varumanam erattiyaakukayum cheythu; nashtam anupatham kurayaan thudangi, 1873 aayappozhekkum karuthal shekharam veendum positteev aayi. 1874ll royal insurance sekrattariyaayirunna chaals jorjju fothergilline manejaraayi niyamichathiloode landanileyum lancashireileyum thudarnnulla veendedukkalum valarchayum erekkure thirichadavu cheyyappettu. kooduthal thiranjeduttha unterriting laabhakshamatha mechappeduthukayum ohari udamakalil ninnu adhika mooladhanavum samaharikkukayum cheythu. athinusesham, fothergil swadeshathum videshathum niravadhi ettedukkalukal aarambhichu. 1879ll landanum lankshare moonnu yuu. yuu. kall vaangi.ezz. newyorkkile sephtte insurance ulppedeyulla kambanikal vaarshika premium varumanamaaya ekadesham 250,000 poundil 80,000 poundu koottichertthu. athe varsham thanne lunden, southu wark insurance ennivayude fayar bisinus vaangi, preemiyangalil 100,000 poundu koodi chertthu. 1890kalil dakshinaafrikka, austreliya, canada, thekke america ennividangalil kambanikal ettedukkappettu. 1897 aayappozhekkum premium varumanam 840,000 poundum karuthal shekharam oru dasalaksham poundinu kuravumaayirunnu. kambaniyude motham premium varumaanathinte pakuthiyum amerikkayaan.
landanum lancashire oru samyukthamaayi maarunnu.
1898ll fothergil viramikkukayum [sarr] frederic pasco rutter general maanejarayi adhikaaramelkkukayum cheythu. rutter lunden & lancashire kambaniyil aprenteesaayi chernnu, 14-aamm vayassil 26-aamm vayassil videshakaarya vakuppinte medhaviyum 40-aamm vayassil kambaniyude general manejar secretory aayi. lunden, lancashire enniva oru shudhamaaya fayar kambaniyil ninnu oru samyojitha insurance kambaniyilekku maattukayum ettedukkunnathiloode eee puthiya mekhalakal sthaapikkukayum cheyyuka ennathaayirunnu rattarinte sambhavana. eathaandu udan thanne, landanum lankshare moonnu yuu koodi vaangi.ezz. ettavum valia kambanikal, hartford, connecticut ooriyantaanu; athinte 265,000 poundu preemiyangal 1901 ll landanteyum lancashireudeyum preemiyangal 1 dasalaksham poundu kadakkaan sahayichu. 1901 ll maanchasttarinte thulyamaaya fayar aandu aaksidant oafees vaangiyathodeyaanu apakada inshuransil kambaniyude pankaalittham. 1904ll scotish thozhiludamakalum apakada inshurans vaangiyathum 1907ll landante niyama apakada urappu nalkiyathum ithu shakthippeduthi-randaamathethu 300,000 poundu premiyamaanu, ithu landaneyum lancashire raajyathe ettavum valia apakada insurance kambanikalilonnaayi maatti. 1907ll livarpoolinte saadhaarana samudra insurance vaangiyathiloodeyaanu moonnaamathe munnaniyum vannath. 1912ll landanum lankshare life ashwarans edapaadukal nadathaanulla adikaaramulla oru parimitha kambaniyaayi maarukayum 1919ll aaa aavashyathinaayi loow union rockum vaangukayum cheythu.
insurance duranthangalkku vidheyamaan. 1906leeii saan francisco bhookambam vyapakamaaya theepidithatthinu kaaranamaayi; landanum lancashire britiish kambanikalkku ettavum valia nashtam varuthi 925,000 poundinte attanashtam. athe varsham valparaiso bhookambathinum 1904leeii baltimore theepidutthatthinum sesham undaaya theepidithatthil ninnu kaaryamaaya nashtavum undaayi. vairudhyaparamaayi, samudra apakadasadhyathakal sarkkar vahichathinaal onnaam lokamahaayudham kambanikku anukoolamaayirunnu. 1914num 1919num idayil theepidithatthinulla preemiyangal erattiyaayi 33 laksham poundaayi; maraine 10 madangu uyarnnu 22 laksham poundaayi; apakadam 50 sathamaanam uyarnnu 12 laksham poundaayi; life fundle 40 laksham poundu micham undaayirunnu.
yudhaanthyakaalaghattam sammishra anubavangal konduvannu. 1920leeii kuthichuchaattatthinte thakarchaykku sesham, prathyekichu maraine akkoundu, premium varumanam kuranju. ettedukkalukalude vazhiyil kuravaayirunnu; melbonile colonial myoochwal fayar insurance vaangunnath oru apavaadamaayirunnu. 1929ll preemiyangal kramena oru puthiya recordilake uyarnnu, aaa varshathe walstreet apakadatthil kambani oru nashtavum ozhivaakki. thudarnnundaaya maandyam 1930kalude thudakkathil preemiyangalil kuravundaakkiyenkilum pinneedu sthiramaaya veendedukkal undaayi. yuu.keey. 1930leeii rooad traaphik aakdinu sesham nirbandhitha kaar insurance earppeduthiyathiloodeyum veedu nirmmaanatthil undaaya kuthichuchaattathiloodeyum bisinesses sahayichu. onnaam lokamahaayudhathilennapole, randaam lokamahaayudhathile yudhanaashanashtangal sarkkar pradhaanamaayum ulppeduthiyirunnu. panapperuppatthinte sahaayathode, premium varumanam 1940 kalude avasaanathilum 1950 kalilum ganyamaayi uyarnnu 1959 oode 35 dasalaksham poundiletthi. ennirunnaalum, vardhicha malsaram kaaranam, prathyekichu amerikkayil, marjin kurayukayaayirunnu. 1920kalkk sesham landanum lancashire oru ettedukkalum nadathiyittilla. athesamayam mattu insurance kambanikal kooduthal valia thothilulla nettangal kaivarikkunnathinayi ekeekarikkukayaayirunnu.
royal insurance vazhi ettedukkal.
1960 desemberil brittanile ettavum valia insurance grouppaaya royal inshuransumaayi layippikkunnathayi prakhyaapichu. vaasthavathil athu raajakudumbaamgangal etteduthathaayirunnu. landanum lancashire 70 dasalaksham poundu sambhavana cheyth 400 dasalaksham poundu motham asthikal srishtichenkilum royalinte 2 dasalaksham poundinte unterriting laabhavumayi thaarathamyappeduthumbol athu 20,000 poundu maathramaan. audyogikamaayi, landanum lancashire athinte swatantra swathuam rajakeeyathinullil nilanirthanamaayirunnu, ennaal paginte raajakeeyacharithramanusarich, pravartthanangal vegathil layippichu.