
isak hull

american aikyanaadukalile naavikasenayile oru kamaadoraayirunnu isak hull (march 9,1773-februvari 13,1843). addeham niravadhi prashastha yuu commandermaare niyamichu.ezz. ("pazhaya irumbu vashangal") ulppedeyulla naavika yudhakkappalukalum viplava franch republicumaayulla (france) aprakhyapitha naavika ardhayudhathil sevanamanushtichu; vadakke aafrikkayile barberry samsthaanangalumaayi barberry yudhangal (1801-1805,1815); 1812 leeii yuddham (1812-1815), grettu brittanumaayi randaam thavana. thante kariyarinte avasana bhaagath addeham deseeya thalasthaanamaaya washingtonile washington nevi yaardinte kamaandantaayirunnu.sii., pinneedu medittareniyan schwadronile commador. kunjinu vendi yuu.ezz. 1812 august 19 nuu yudhathinte thudakkathil uscinte "konstityooshan" vezhsas echms "gariyar" enna yudhamaaya nevi, 1812 leeii yudhathile ettavum pradhanappetta single ship akshanum aisak hull oru deseeya naayakanakkiya onnumaayirunnu.
aadyakaala jeevitam.
1773 march 9 nuu connectikkattile derbyilaanu (chila srothassukal huntington, ippol shelton, connecticut ennu parayunnu) hull janichathu.
jeevithathinte thudakkathil thanne addeham thante navikanaaya pithaav josafinoppam praadeshika yaathrakalilum vestt indeesilekkulla deerghadoora yaathrakalilum pankedutthu. cheruppatthil thanne pithaav marichathinushesham, american viplava yudhathile muthirnnayalaaya ammavan vilyam hull isaakkine dathedutthu.
1790kalude madhyathil, yuva kappalppada niravadhi vyaapaarakkappalukalkk neethrthwam nalkukayum avayil chilath franch republic svakaaryakambanikalkku nashtappedukayum cheythu.
naavikasevanam.
1798 march 9 nuu puthuthayi roopeekaricha yunaittad stetts navikasenayil leftanantaayi kammeeshan cheyyappetta addeham adutha rund varshathinide fransumaayulla aprakhyapitha naavika ardhayudhathil puthiya hevi frigettil sevanamanushtikkumbol svayam verthirichu. uscinte "bharanaghadana" yill, kyapttan silas talbottinte aadya lephttanant, executive officer ennee nilakalil hull sevanamanushtichu. 1799 juun 5 muthal 1801 septambar 8 vare talbot kamaandaraayirunnu. talbot oru schwadron commander koodiyayirunnathinaal, kappalinte dainamdina oottathinte bhooribhaagavum kappalinte kappal kaikaaryam cheiyunnathil vilamathikkaanaavaatha anubhavam addehathinu nalki. american viplava yudhathile (1775-1783) nayakanaaya talbottine valare prashamsicha addeham aaa vrudhanil ninnu orupaad karyangal padichu. hallinte mukhya jeevacharithrakaaran linda emm. maloney parayunnu, "talbot" theerchayaayum addeham svayam maathrkayaakkiya aalaya kappalinte naavikajeevithathil roopeekaranaparamaaya swaadheenamaayirunnu."talbottil ninnu, naavika neethrthwam, mithathwam, thante juuniyar offeesarmaarudeyum kappal jeevanakkaarudeyum pariseelanam enniva padichu.
aadyathe barberry yuddham.
1802ll barberry samsthaanangalumaayulla prasnangal choodupidichappol addeham frigettinte aadya leftanantaayi medittareniyan kadalilekku pooyi. 1804ll maasttar kamaandant raankilekkum 1806ll kyapttan raankilekkum sthaanakkayattam labhicha hull pinneedu scoonerinum brigadine neethrthwam nalki. eee samayat hull phalapradavum vishwasaneeyavumaaya kamaandaraayi prashasthi nedi. midshipman henry wadsworth 1803 august 10-leeii thante jenalil ingane ezhuthi "innu raavile velichathil usaude" enterprise "niravadhi mile akale long shottil oru gally kandethi. kyapttan hull avalkk nere vediyuthirkkukayum pinthudarukayum cheythu. aval leewardilekku (suhruthinu signal) vediyuthirthuvenkilum avalum vediyuthirthilla. enterprise" avalkk aduthethi, avalum hove cheythu oru sardiniyan gaaliyaanenn thelinju, sivitta vechiyayil ninnu oro vashathum 25 thoonukal (kyapttan hull sangalppichu) 300-oolam purushanmaare vahichirunnu, 2 pathinettu poundar munnott gadippikkukayum 2 cheria thokkukal pinnilum gadippikkukayum cheythu. oru manyamaaya gallie!!!"adutha kurachu varshangalil addeham ganbottukalude nirmmaanathinu melnottam vahikkukayum 1809lum 1810lum thudarchayaayi yudhakkappalukaludeyum yuu. ezz. bharanaghadanayudeyum adikaaram nalkukayum cheythu.
yuu. ezz. ezz. "chesapeak" enna command.
1809 februvari 2 nuu vyapara uparodham nadappakkaanulla utharavukalode yuu. ezz. ezz. nte "chesapeekkinte" command kappal etteduthu, ennaal oru maasathinu sesham uparodham raddaakkukayum cheria attakuttappanikalkkum jeevanakkaare niraykkunnathinumaayi kappal bostanilekku madangukayum cheythu. eee samayat recruiting sevanathe hull sahayichu. kappalukal manushyavasamullathaayi sookshikkunnathu addehathinte deerghakaala kariyariludaneelam kappalthaavalatthe sambandhichidatholam valia uthkandayundaakki. 1810 epril 16 nuu naavikasenayude sekrattari pooll hamiltoninu ayacha kathil puthuthayi recruit cheytha aalukale kappalyaathraykk munbu irumbilum thadavilumaayi nirtthiyathine nyaayeekarichathupole, sammaanathukayude pralobhanatthilppetta aalukal palayanam cheiyunnathu thadayaan kadutha nadapadikal sweekarikkendathu aavasyamaanennu hull chila sandarbhangalil kandethi. "vyaapaarakkappalil ninnu rund maasathe munkoor, recruiting offeesaril ninnulla munkoor, paaritoshikam, mattu chelavukal enniva avare ambathu dollaril ninnu enpathu dollarayi kadakkeniyilakki."oru yudhakkappal nirmmikkaan aavashyamaaya muzhuvan purushanmareyum undaayirikkuka ennathu oru nirantharamaaya velluviliyaayirunnu. velluvili vardhippikkunnathu oru thanutha vasthuthayaayirunnu recruitment swamedhayaa aayirunnu-britiish naavikasenayilennapole draaft allengil impression sevanam undaayirunnilla. 1815-nuu munbulla yuu. ezz yudhakkappalil mosham shambalavum jeevita saahacharyangalum.ezz. naavikasenayude ardham kappalthaavalavum mattu commanding offeesarmaarum kaalaharanapetta niyamanangalum uyarnna nirakkilulla upekshikkalum moolam durithamanubhavichirunnu ennaanu. navikasenayil chernna purushanmaarkk oru nischitha sevana kaalayalav undaayirunnilla, naavikar oru prathyeka kappalil oru yaathrayko cruisino vendi sevanamanushtichu, athinaal yaathrayude avasaanathil avarkk pookaan swaathanthryamundaayirunnu, palappozhum angane cheyyarundaayirunnu. ellah thuramukhangalileyum naavika kappalukalkk, 'upekshikkal' oru yaadhaarthyamaayirunnu. chaattavaaradi polulla kadinamaaya shikshakal eedaakkiyenkilum prashnam thudarnnu. vishwasaneeyamaaya vivarangal kuravaanengilum, cheria udyogastharudeyum kappalile listt cheytha aalukaludeyum upekshikkal nirakk 12.8% aanennu oru pandithan abhipraayappedunnu, koodaathe listt cheytha court maarshyalinte onnaam kaaranam upekshichathaayirunnu ennu parayunnu. mothatthil, ezhu maasatholam yuu. ezz. esinte "chesapeekkinte" kamaandaraayirunnu hull.
yuu. ezz. 'presidentinte' command.
1810 meyy 7 nuu puthiya yudhakkappalaaya yuu. ezz. ezz. presidentinte command ettedukkaan isak hull utharavittu, pakshe addehathinte kaalavadhi hraswamaayirunnu. comodore joonn roadgers aayirunnu hallinte hraswakaala thaamasathinu kaaranam. eathaandu oresamayam yuu. ezz. bharanaghadanayilekku vadikkaarkku utharavittu. joonn roadgers newyorkkil ninnu "konstityooshan" kappal yaatra cheythirunnu, avar kappal yaatra cheytha reethi eshtappettilla. frigate varshangalude kadinamaaya sevanam kandirunnu, avalude adiyil mussels, barnacles, avalude paaykkappalukal enniva malinamaayirunnu, koodaathe aval kaikaaryam cheytha reethiye vadikkaar ethirthu. rankingle muthirnna naavika captanenna nilayil thanikk "president" undaayirikkanamennu roadgermar sekrattari hamiltoninu parati nalki. haamilttan sammathichu, 1810 juun 17 nuu roadermar "president" ettedukkukayum "bharanaghadana" yude adikaaram ettedukkukayum cheythathinaal hull marran valare santhushtanaayirunnu.
yuu. essinte "bharanaghadana" yude command.
1810 juunil isak hull yuu. ezz. esinte "konstityooshan" enna yudhakkappalinte command etteduthu; kappalile addehathinte samayam sambhavabahulamaayirunnu. commanding officer enna nilayil hull "silas talbottine maathrkayaakki", addehathinte upadeshtaavum "bharanaghadana" yude muun commander. ippol addeham command cheytha, listt cheytha purushanmaaril, avarude kanni yaathrayil, orupakshe, sevanathile ettavum janapriya captanaayirunnu. kappal kaikaaryam cheiyunnathilum naavigeshan cheiyunnathilum kazhivulla naavikasenayile ettavum mikacha oolroundu naavikan koodiyaayirunnu addeham, athu varum aazhchakalil addehathe nannayi savic."" "bharanaghadana" "enna vishayathil addeham valare veettil aayirunnu; athu addehathinte" "priyappetta yudhakkappalaayirunnu". thante bharyasahodari merii veelarinu ezhuthiya kathil addeham paranju, "ippol nammude naavikasenayile ettavum mikacha kappalukalilonnu ente pakkalund..."silas talbottineppole, thante yuva udyogastharude sukhasoukaryangalum vidyaabhyaasavum nokki avarude parisheelanatthil hull valareyadhikam shradha chelutthi. talbottineppole, hull thante pattaalakkaare parisheelippichu, avaril palarum munbu oru yudhakkappalil, prathyekichu thokkukalil sevanamanushtichittil. yudhathil shathruvine neridaan aathmavishwaasavum kazhivum nalkunnathinaayi addeham aazhchakalolam rund manikkoor vare valia thokkukalil aalukale parisheelippichu."chaattavaaradi niruthsaahappeduthukayum nissara kuttakrithyangalkku eee reethi veruppulavakkunnathaayi kaanukayum cheythu. thante abhaavathil naavikareyo naavikareyo shikshikkunnathilninn addeham thante udyogasthare vilakki. masttar allengil eathenkilum cheria kuttakrithyam "shirtinu mukalil oru cheria kayar upayogichu moonnu chaattavaaradi kavian paadilla" enna nirddesham hull nalki."aaa kaalaghattatthile saadhaarana penaltti ettu muthal patthu vare nagnamaaya purakil aayirunnu. kooduthal gurutharamaaya kuttakrithyangalkku chaattavaaradikk hull amgeekaaram nalki; udaaharanathinu 1812 august 12 nuu joonn dablyu. smithinum joonn smithinum madyapikkunnathinum randaamathethu ahankaarathinum oro dussen chattavaaradiyum nalki."1812ll america grettu brittan thammil yuddham pottippurappedunnathi munbu addeham oru europian cruisil [aii. dii. 1] kappal kondupoyi. "1812 joolaiyil "konstityooshan" lephtt chesapeak bay.
1812 juulai 2-leeii oru kathil, naavikasenayude sekrattari pooll hamiltoninu "bharanaghadana" ennu hull ezhuthi
adutha njaayaraazhchayode, kappal kadalinaayi sahikkavunna kramathilaayirikkum, pakshe ningal eluppathil garbham dharikkaavunna kroovinu oru yudhakkappal parichayamillayirikkaam, kaaranam avaril palarum aduthide njangalodoppam chernnu, munbu orikkalum oru sayudha kappalil undaayirunnilla. avarude kadamakalekkurichu avare parichayappedutthaan njangalaal kazhiyunnathellaam njangal cheiyunnu, kurachu divasangalkkullil, orotta deck kappalil ninnu njangalkk bhayappedendathilla; theerchayaayum; ippol nammal ariyaathathupole, shathruvinte eathenkilum yudhakkappalinekkurichu nalla vivaranam nalkumennu njaan prathekshikkunnu. 
taamasiyaathe avare pinthudarnnu comodore philippinte neethrthwathilulla britiish halifax schwadronile anchu kappalukal thakarnnu. rund divasamaayi aduthunilkkunna oru kappal naalu yudhakkappalukalum adangunnathaanu schwadron. naavigeshanteyum dheerathayudeyum sradheyamaaya nettatthil, kappal munvashathekku valachu thante neelamulla bottukal upayogichu "bharanaghadana" valichidunnathiloode britiish schwadronine ozhivaakki. halifax schwadroninte pinthudarcha dairkhyameriyathum kadinavumaayirunnu, oppam dhairyam, dheerata, naavikathvam ennivayil kappalppaalinte prashasthi sthaapichu. "arupathinaalu manikkoor yudhakkappal oru valia shathruvinekkurichulla ulkkazhchayaayirunnu, mikka samayathum avar sajeevamaayi pinthudarnnu", ennittum kappal aadhipathyam pulartthi.
1812 august 19nuu yuu. ezz. bharanaghadana britiish yudhakkappal kadalil nerittu. konstityooshan" nte jeevanakkar kwartezhsilekku pookumbool, hull thante thokkudhaarikalkk munnariyipp nalkki "kramarahithamayi vediyuthirkkaruthu. oro manushyan thante lakshyathilekku nannayi nokkatte."gariyarinte kyapttan jaims richard dacresses aadyam deerghadoorathil" "bharanaghadana" "neey durbalappedutthaan shramichuvenkilum eee thanthram prayojanappedaathe pooyi". thudarnnu addeham "bharanaghadana" yeei aduthuninnu sameepichu. kyapttan hull thante jeevanakkaare saantharaakki avarodu paranju "eppol vedivaykkanamennu njaan ningalodu parayaam, athinaal urachunilkkuka, oru shoat eriyaathirikkaan nokkuka."6.05nuu rund kappalukalum arikil undaayirunnu," "konstityooshan" "nte starboard thokkukal, hallinte utharavanusarichu," "double shoat" "(oru thokkil niracha rund raundu shottukal ore samayam vedivachu)". 1812 august 28nuu naavikasenayude sekrattari pooll hamiltoninu ezhuthiya kathil, 'njangal oru pisttal shottinekkaal kuranja samayathaayirunnappol, njangalude ellah thokkukalil ninnum njangal valare kanatha vedivayppu nadatthi, vrithaakruthiyilullathum munthiri nirachathum, athu valare mikacha reethiyil pravarthichu, njangal koode ethiya pathinanju minittinullil, addehathinte missen maast bordinaduthekku pooyi, slingukalileyum hull, seyilukalileyum pradhana muttathu valare parikkettu, ithu avale niyantrikkaan budhimutty."hull thudarnnu shatru thante thalappavu thuramukhathekku vechu", njangal angane cheytha samayat, pakshe thante misson maast kwarterinu mukalilayathinaal avalum varunnathil ninnu thadanju, athu njangale thante villinu kuruke konduvannu, avante bosprit njangalude staarninu mukalilaayi. eee nimisham njaan avane kayattaan theerumaanichu, pakshe boardermaare vilicha nimisham thanne, aaa aavashyathinaayi, avante formaastum pradhana maasttum bordinaduthekku pooyi gib boom, bosprit ozhikeyulla ellah spaarukalum avarodoppam kondupoyi... shathruvinte aduthekku madangaan vedivachathum dharichathumaaya njangalude braceukalum mattu regingukalum nannakkaan njangal ekadesham araa manikkoorolam nilkkukayum cheythu, ippol iruttaayathinaal avalkk eathenkilum nirangal parakkunnundo illayo ennu kaanaan njangalkk kazhinjilla."mosses smith enna naavikan pinneedu oormmippichu" niravadhi shottukal ippol njangalude puramthodil praveshichu. shathruvin command cheyyaan kazhiyunna ettavum valia onnu njangale aakramichu, pakshe plank valare kadinamaayirunnu, athu veenu vellathil mungi. ithu pinneedu shradhikkappedukayum nilavili uyarukayum cheythu 'hussah! avalude vashangal irumbu kondaanu nirmmichirikkunnathu! evideyaanu shoat veenathennu nokkoo!'aaa saahacharyathil ninnu "bharanaghadana" yude peru parichithamaaya thalakkett kondu alankarikkappettu."yuu. ezz. esinte" "bharanaghadana" "echu. emm. ezz" "gariyare" thakarthu ".
1812 august 19-leeii yuu. ezz.-nte "bharanaghadana" yude deck logil yudhathekkurichulla inipparayunna vivaranam (ellah aksharavinyaasavum yadhaarthamaanu) adangiyirikkunnu.. vaikunneram 6 manikk sesham 5 minittinusesham jib thaazhekku valichidukayum pradhana kappal viraykkukayum njangalude ellah thokkukalil ninnum kanatha vediyuthirkkukayum cheythu, vaikunneram 6 manikk sesham 15 minittinusesham shathruvinte misson maast starboard vashath veenu, athil njangalude kroo moonnu chiyezhs nalki, njangal addehathe sameepikkaan shramichu, addehathinte villu thattiyedukkaan shramichu, pakshe njangalude braceukal vedivaykkappedukayum jib holirdukal undaakkukayum cheythathinaal njangalkk athu cheyyaan kazhinjilla, addeham udan thanne njangalude staarn thattanum shramichu, pakshe parajayappettu, pakshe thante thokkukalilonnu njangalude mail thangaan shramichu, athu addeham cherutho falamo illaathe upekshichu, njangalude missingle thante booas pritt kudungi, aaa samayat njangalude naavikar valare vegameriyathum taffer, taffer, taffer, njangalude reyil boardil ninnu lephttanant rigger, njangalude boardil ninnu lephttanant rigger, njangalude boardil ninnu lephttanant naavikarude mulpadarppu tafferralil ninnu veenu, aadyathethu gurutharamaayi parikkelkkukayum randaamathethu kollappedukayum cheythu, njangalude kappal avanil ninnu shoat maaychukondu oodukayum, vaikunneram 6 manikk sesham 30 minittinusesham, pradhana maastukal starboard vashath veezhukayum, munvashathum pradhana paathayilum nilakollukayum, kizhakode nilkkukayum, topsailukalil oru reef edukkukayum cheythu, njangalude braceukalum haalirdukalum veendedukkunnathinaayi; aaa samayat shatru poornnamaayum thakarnnu, thante spritsailinu keezhil, leewardilekku samarppikkunnathinulla adayaalamaayi oru thokku prayogichu, njangalude topsailukal sthiramaayikkazhinjayudane njangal marupadi nalki, njangalude braceukal kappal dharichu, thante leak keezhil oodukayum, njangalude kozhukal uyarthukayum njangalude pradhana sarjeyil maasttilekk idukayum cheythu, oru lephttanant boat ayaykkukayum cheythu, oru lephttanant/kazhinja boatil oru sammanam ayaykkukayum cheythu, oru katt boow.."
kyapttan dackermark parikkettenkilum keezhadanganulla soochana nalkukayum parikkettavarkkaayi britiish frigatilekku bottukal ayaykkukayum bakkiyulla kroo thadavukaare kondupookukayum cheythu. ezhu american naavikar kollappedukayum ezhu perkku parikkelkkukayum cheythu. britiish yudhakkappalil 15 perr kollappedukayum 78 perkku parikkelkkukayum 257 perr pidikkappedukayum cheythu. kyapttan dacressine samghathinum avarude dhairyathinu poorakamaaya oru mahanaaya vijayiyaayirunnu hull, dacress addehathinu vaal sammaanichathinusesham, hull dayaapoorvam athu thirike nalki. 1812 august 20nuu kappal logue [aarr] sammana kappalil ninnu thadavukaareyum baagejukaleyum maatti. parikkettavare sahayikkaan oru sarjante inaye ayachu, [echu] aving ellah thadavukaareyum neekkam cheythu... udan thanne avalkk theeyittu, quarter paas 3-ll aval pottitherichu."eee nadapadi raajyathe vaidyutheekarikkukayum kyapttan hull oru deseeya naayakanakkukayum cheria yuu ennu theliyikkukayum cheythu.ezz. brittante amithamaya samudrashakthiyude yogyavum apakadakaravumaaya athiraaliyaayirunnu naavikasena. 1814 septambar 9nuu naavikasenayude sekrattari haamilttan captanu ezhuthi "eee pravartthanatthil ningalude dheerathayeyo kazhivineyo abhinandikkaan njangalkk ariyilla. ningalkkum ningalude samghathinum arhathayund, ningalude nandiyullah raajyathinte kaiyadiyum nandi labikkum. eee athisayakaramaaya nettatthinulla prathifalamaayi yuu.ezz. kongras kyapttan hull thante kammeeshan cheytha udyogastharkku vellipadikalulla oru swarnna medel vottu cheythu, koodaathe "konstityooshan" nte muzhuvan crewe echms gariyarinte naashathinu 50,000 dollar sammaanathuka pankittu.
porttsmouthu nevi yard.
1812leeii yudhathinte backie samayangalil maine kittariyile porttsmouthu nevi yardinu hull commander aayirunnu. 1813 epril 9nuu porttsmouthu nevi yaardinte command ettedutha hull 1815 juulai 1nuu comodore thomas makdonov addehathe mochippikkunnathuvare thudarnnu. kamaandantaayi hull adhikaarathilirunna kaalath praadhamika shradha naavika yaardinte phitting outtu, nirmmaanam, prathirodham mechappeduthal ennivayilaayirunnu. kappalsala vijayikkunnathin, nyoo englandinte neendathum thanuppullathumaya shaithyakaalath thozhilaallikalum kappalukalum moodanamennu connecticut swadeshiyaaya halinu ariyamaayirunnu. 1813 juulai 24nuu naavikasenayude sekrattari vilyam jonsinu ezhuthiya kathil, "ivide shaithyakaalam valare thanuppullathum valia alavil manju veezhunnathumaayathinaal, kappal frame cheythathinushesham athu moodaanulla ashayam nirddeshikkaan enne anuvadikkatte. oru sthiramaaya cover nirmmikkunnathinulla chelavu orupakshe randaayiram dolarayirikkum, athinte valiyoru bhagam eee kappal nirmikkunnathil laabhikkappedumennum mattullava athinu keezhil nirmmikkappedumennum njaan vishwasikkunnu, angane onnu undengil adutha venalkkaalath shaithyakaalathum sooryanilum akappedunnathiloode framinu parikkukal koodaathe prasavavum labhikkam."1813 desemberil poortthiyaaya kappalsala adutha naalu pathittaandukalolam upayogathil thudarnnu.
navikasena kammeeshanarmaarude board.
thudarnnu washington dii. yill aii. dii. 1 enna varshakkalam navikasena kammeeshanarmaarude boardil hull sevanamanushtichu.sii. naavika kappalukalude nirmmaanam, kappalukal, aayudangal, upakaranangal ennivayude nirmmaanam, naavika kappalsaalakal, steshanukal, drydocukal ennivayude melnotta adikaaram ennivayumaayi bandhapetta naavika storukal, supplies, metteeriyalukal ennivayude sambharanathinu board roopeekaricha niyamam adikaaram nalki. bii. enn. sii. sivilian joliyum shambalavum niyanthrichu. david porter joonn roadgers kamadorumarayirunnu. nilavile ellah yaardukalilum poraaymakalundennu bii. enn. sii kandethi. ellah seasonukalilum valia kappalukal nirmmikkaan porttsmoutthum boosttan nevi yard maathrame anuyojyamaakoo ennathaayirunnu bii. enn. sii. nalkia ettavum pradhanappetta shupaarshakalilonn. washington nevi yard nilanirthaan bii. enn. sii shupaarsha cheythenkilum, athinte report ingane abhiprayappettu, "washingtonile yard, kettida yardai maathram kaanumbol, naavigeshan aazhameriyathum thadassangal kuravaayirunnengil [baltimorinekkaal] aakshepakaramallathathaayirikkum. ennaal thadassangalum kadalil ninnulla dooravum matellaa aavasyangalkkum anuyojyamallennu bordinte theerumaanamaaya abhiprayamaanu."baltimore, norphoc, chaalsttan nevi yardukal adachupoottaan board shupaarsha cheythu. eee shupaarshakal vivaadaparavum ganyamaaya pakshapaathatthinu vidheyavumaayitheerukayum baltimore chaalstanum maathram kramena illaathaavukayum cheythu. bii. enn. sii. yude anthima report vaasthavathil washington nevi yardine athinte bisinesses reethikaleyum valare vimarsikkunnathaanu. 1815 meyy 11nuu comodore thomas tinkick ezhuthiya kathil bii. enn. sii prasthaavichu, "ningalude commandinu keezhilulla nevi yaardile black smith shoppinte attakuttappanikalkkayi board karar oppidunnathinekkurichanu, sevanathinum samrakshanathinumaayi thozhilaallikale niyamikkuka enna uddeshyathodeyaanu... navikasena kammeeshanarmaarude bordinte uddeshyam, eee sthalathu navikasena muttam oru kettida muttamaayi maathram punasthaapikkuka ennathaanu, eee uddeshyam ningalodu parayumbol, sthaapanathekkurichulla avarude kaazhchappaadukal ningale ariyikkunnath avarkk anuchithamayirikkilla. nammude naavikasenayude pala muttangalilum avar eee sammarddathinu saakshyam vahichittundu, prathyekichum pothusevanathinu anuyojyamallaatha kathaapaathrangalude thozhilile sammarddam-durithatthilaaya vidhavakalkkum anaatharkkum daridra kudumbangalkkum thaamasathinaayi amgavaikalyamullavarum niyantrikkaan kazhiyathavarumaaya adimakal-avarude yajamaananmaarude thaamasathinaayi aprenteesukal-avarude kudumbangaludeyum maathapithaakkaludeyum prayojanathinaayi vrudharum kuttikalum. eee sanbradaayangal avasaanippikkanam-pothujanangalude nettatthinallaathe mattonnum upayogikkaruthu, koodaathe navikasena deerghakaalamaayi pradharshippichirikkunna aavashyathinteyum aadambarathinteyum ramgangalil ninnu raajyathin veruppulavaakkunnathinum eee muttam oru pothu sambadvyavasthaye munkootty nischayikkunnathinulla oru maathrkayaayi varthikkanam. ningalodu parayumbol, sarr, eee paraamarshangal navikasena kammeeshanarmaarkk ariyaam, avar paraathippedunna thinmakalkk ningal valarekkaalamaayi saakshyam vahichittundennum avaa pariharikkunnathin ningale sahayikkaan ellah mukhangalum nalkumennum avar aathmavishwaasathode kanakkakkunnu pothuthalpparyangal munnott kondupokaanulla ningalude bhaagathuninnulla manobhaavam."pinneedu thante kariyaril comodore hull washington nevi yaardinte (1829-1835) command etteduthappol, eee thettukal thiruthaan addeham sramikkukayum aavashyamaaya maattam nadappaakkukayum cheythu.
chaalstoun naavika yard.
boosttan nevi yard ennariyappedunna chaalstoun nevi yardle, oru valia theera sthaapanathinte bharanam, sivilian thozhilshakthiyude maanejment, addehathe sthaanabhrashtanaakkaanulla neekkangal ennivayumaayi parichayamillaathathinaal kamaandant enna nilayil halinte kaalavadhi thadassappedukayum thadassappedukayum cheythu. eee udyogastharil palarum muthirnna pouranmaarum hallinte kamaandine chodyam cheythukondu parasya aropanangal unnayichu. avarude kuttakrithyangalude gurutharamaaya swabhaavam kanakkileduthu 1822 augustil naavika anweshana kodathi chaalstounil yogam chernnu halkkethire unnayicha aropanangal pariganichu. 1822 october 15nuu kodathi, hull shariyaayi pravarthichathaayum adikaaraparidhikkullil addehathinte audyogika chumathalakal "krithyavum yogyavumaayirunnu" ennum kandethi."ennirunnaalum, thante swakaarya swath pothu storukalil vaykkunnathinekkurichum nevi yard mekkanikkukaleyum thozhilaallikaleyum swakaarya aavasyangalkkaayi niyamikkunnathinekkurim kodathi munnariyipp nalki. ennaal eee kaaryatthile kayperiya avastha orikkalum sarikkum thaan ezhuthiyathupole, "eee muttam valare mechappettathum athu edukkaan kazhiyunna arcum nalla kramathilaanu. itharathilulla jeevithathil, prathyekichu eee sthalathekkurichu, njaan maduthu, chaalsttan janathayumayi nirantharamaaya kalahangalallathe matonnumilla."aii. dii. 1. samayat, thekke amerikkayil ninnu pravartthikkunna pasaphik squadroninu addeham neethrthwam nalki.
washington nevi yard.
comodore hallinte adutha niyamanam washington nevi yard (dablyu. enn. aii), <aii. dii. 2> kamaandant enna nilayilaayirunnu. washington nevi yard, steshan logue, 1829 epril 11 shaniyazhcha <aii. dii. 1> ll pathimoonnu thokku salute nalkikkond hull command etteduthathaayi rekhappeduthiyittundu."kappalthaavalatthinte anchu varshathe bharanakaalathu, potomac nadiyile kappalnirmmanam naadakeeyamaayi thakarnnu, kaaranam yard oru naavika kappal maathram nirmmichu; uchithamaaya perullathum nirbhagyakaravumaaya scooner. 1815-ll thanne anacostia nadeethadatthinte aazham kuranjathinaal washington dii. sii. oru anuyojyamaaya thuramukhathekkaal kuravaanennu naavika vakupp theerumaanikkukayum thathfalamaayi aayudha ulppaadanathilekkulla maattathinu amgeekaaram nalkukayum cheythu. navikasena muttam lohavyapara nirmmaanatthil shradha kendreekarikkukayum avarude kaalathe bahumaanikkunna reethikal upekshikkaan angeyattam vimukhatha kaanikkukayum cheythathinaal maramkondulla naavikasenayude unnatha vyaapaarikalaaya kappal udamakalkkum marappanikkarkkum prathyekichum bheeshani anubhavapettu. command hull etteduthappol board oof nevi kammeeshanarmaarude 1815 leeii vimarsanaathmaka report shradhikkukayum prasnangal pariharikkan sramikkukayum cheythu. ennirunnaalum, hallinte puthiya commandle veendum valuthum aswasthavumaaya oru thozhilshakthi kaikaaryam cheiyunnathu ulppedunnu, ennaal vella sivilian mekkaanikkukal, thozhilaallikal, adimakalum swathanthrarumaaya karuthavarggakkaar ennivar ulppedunnu. navikasena niyanthranangalude lamghanavum naavika yard officermaar adimakale niyamikkunnathum addeham udan kandethi. aankar shoppile ellah adimakaleyum discharge cheyyaan utharavittappol, addeham naavikasena kammeeshanarmaarude bordinode prathishedhichenkilum "vellakkaarano karuthavano adimakaloo polumo ulla oru koottam aalukale kandethaan kazhiyillennu njaan bhayappedunnu... ippol aankar shoppil cheyyuka."" navikasena muttatthe jolikalkkayulla malsaram sthiramaayirunnu... adimakalil ninnum swathanthraraaya karuthavarggakkaaril ninnumulla malsaram polum vethananirakkine thaazheyirakkumennu vellakkaar bhayapettu."vamshathinte kaaryangalil palappozhum vairudhyamundaayirunnu, puthuthayi washington dii. siyil athiyappol addeham oru karuthavarggakkaaranaaya joonn amblere oru saha udyogasthanil ninnu thante" "sevakanu" "vendi vaangiyirunnu, ennittum nevi yardle ninnu purathupokumbol 1835 october 17 nuu addeham amblere mochippikkukayum pinneedu oru naavika kappalil ninnu amblere discharge cheyyaan edapedukayum cheythu". maruvashathu aafrikkan american dayarist maikkal shiner oru adima vyapaariyil ninnu bharya makkaleyum mochippikkunnathil sahaayichathin hull snehathode oormmippichu. shiner ezhuthi, "ente bhaarya jorjinu vittu, washington nevi yaardinte command addehathinundaayirunnu, ennodu daya kaanichu", hallinte nishabda maanejment shaili addehathinte vella thozhilaallikalude athrupthi pettennu unarthi. addehathinte varavinushesham, thante chila muthirnna sivilian maanejarmaarude anaavasyamaaya swaathanthryam parisodhikkaanum naavika yard groundukalude avyavasthithamaaya roopam mechappeduthaanum sarkkar swathinte nashtam niyantrikkaanum addeham sramangal nadathiyirunnu. 1835-leeii venalkkaalath, karsanamaaya bharananirvahanavum shambalam, jolie samayam, karuthavargakkaarude thozhil ennivayekkurichulla deerghakaala tharkkangalum athivegam thalapokki.
1835leeii dablyu. enn. aii. strike.
1835 juulai 29nuu aarambhicha oru thozhil panimudakku thozhilaallikalude uchabhakshana kaalayalav parimithappedutthukayum naavika yooniyanil konduvaraan avare anuvadikkukayum cheytha utharavukalkkulla prathikaranamaayirunnu. boosttan anweshanathile hallinte kadinamaaya anubhavathinu sesham, durupayogathinte eathu soochanayodum addeham prathyekichum sensitiivu aayirunnu. sarkkar swath moshanamaanennu aaropich addeham udan thanne thozhilaallikalude uchabhakshana aanukoolyangal parimithappedutthunna utharavu purappeduvikkukayum ithinu marupadiyaayi thozhilaallikal panimudakkukayum cheythu. puthuthayi earppeduthiya niyanthranangalekkaal kooduthal thante thozhilaallikal samarathilaanu ennu halinu ariyamaayirunnu. mekkaanikkukal mattu kaaranangalal pravartthikkunnu" ennu addeham oohichu, patthu manikkoor divasathe chalanavum aazhchayile jolie kuraykkunnathinulla naavika kammeeshanarmaarude boardinte cheruthunilppumaanu panimudakkinu yadhaartha kaaranamennum aaa venalkkaalath philadelphia kappalsala thozhilaallikal nadatthiya pothu panimudakkinulla ahvaanangal shradhaapoorvvam kaanukayum cheythuvennum addeham aashanka prakadippichu. naavika nirmmaathaav vilyam dotty uyarnna vethanam nilanirthaan strikermaare prothsaahippichu. orupakshe addehathinte badhirathayude falamaayirikkaam "nishabdamaaya avahelana" thode thangalodu perumaarunnathenn thozhilaallikalkk thonni."175 vellakkaranaaya mekkaanikkukalum thozhilaallikalum panimudakkil pankedutthathaayi naavikasena sekrattari mahlon dikkezhsaninu ayacha reportil addeham paranju. avarude erangippokku muttathu deerghakaalamaayi nilaninnirunna vamseeya bhinnathayum udan thurannukaatti. jolie nashtappetta niravadhi roshakularaaya vellakkaraaya thozhilaallikal karutha samoohathinethire thangalude rosham prakadippichathode panimudakku pettennu kuprasidhamaaya manjukettaayi maari, swatantra karutha restorant udama beverley snow avarude bhaaryamare apamaanichuvenna vyaja kimvadanti avarude rosham vardhippichu. deseeya budhijeeviyude" prasadhakanaaya vilyam seettante bhaarya josephine seettan, panimudakkineyum kalapatheyum kurichu oru kathil aashanka prakadippichu "avane pidikoodiyaal mekkaanikkukal theerchayaayum manju keerukayum avar avane poornnamaayum pinthudarukayum cheyyum. nirbhagyavashaal, navikasena muttatthe noorukanakkinu mekkanikkukalkk thozhil nashtappettu, avar avarude anubhaavikalude sahaayathodeyum sahaayathodeyum janakkoottathe srishtikkunnu... athu sarikkum bhayappeduthunnathumaanu."kalapam vyaapichathode nagara sarkkar paribhraantharaayathode, samarakkar president andrew jaaksante aduthekku oru prathinidhi samghathe ayachu, addeham anubhaaviyaayirunnu, thante edapedalinaayi thangalude cases abhyarthikkukayum commador hallinte utharavine" "svechaadhipathyam" "ennu paraamarsikkukayum cheythu".
ekadesham randaazhchaykku sheshamulla panimudakkum thudarnnulla kalapavum navikasena yard thozhilaallikalkk shambalamillaathe pookukayum pothujana pinthuna nashtappedukayum cheythu. oru madhyasthanaaya doow. alexander eiii. mcvilliamsine oru othutheerppinu konduvannu, athil halkkethiraaya aropanangal pinvalichathinu sesham strikermaare joliyilekku madangaan anuvadichu. 1835 august 15 shaniyazhcha panimudakku audyogikamaayi avasaanikkukayum thozhilaallikal aaa shaniyazhcha raavile muttathekku madangukayum cheythu. oru thettidhaaranayiloode" uruthirinjathaayi choondikkaatti halum mechanics thangalude abhiprayavyathyaasangal pariharikkan shramichenkilum, panimudakkil iru kakshikalkkum valareyadhikam nashtam sambhavichu. thozhilaallikalkk joliyilekku madangaan anuvaadam nalkiyengilum saambathikamaayi nashtappettu. thozhilaallikale sambandhichidatholam ettavum pradhanamaayi, avarude vilapeshal saahacharyathinte balaheenatayum durbalamaaya swabhaavavum panimudakku velippeduthi. deerghakaalamaayulla tharkkatthilum phalapradamaaya samghadanayude abhaavathilum avar anivaryamaayum kashtappettu. vellakkaraaya thozhilaallikal thangalude anischithamaaya saambathika saahacharyathe swathanthrarum adimakalumaaya aafrikkan amerikkakkaare kuttappedutthaan sramichathinaal thozhilshakthiyil vamsheeyathayude naashakaramaaya prathyaaghaathangalum panimudakku velippeduthi. koodaathe, panimudakku athinte paarambaryatthinte bhaagamaayi aazhathilullathum nilanilkkunnathumaaya vamseeya avishwaasam avasheshippichu, athu nilanilkkum. adutha noottaandil, panimudakkinteyum thudarnnulla vamseeya kalaapathinteyum charithram washington nevi yaardinte audyogika charithratthil ninnu maraykkappedunnathum verpeduthappedunnathumaa oru naanakkedaayi thudarnnu. adikaaraparidhiyil hulk oru object paatam labhichu; addehathinu oordar cheyyaan kazhiyumaayirunnu, pakshe nirbandhikkaan kazhinjilla. muzhuvan sambhavavum strikermaarude perumattavum oru paridhivare navikasena dikkezhsan sekrattariyude madhyasthathayilulla vittuveezhcha amgeekarikkaanulla sakthamaaya nirddeshavum aazhathil vranappeduthi. 1835 septambar 10 nuu aisak hull oru varshathe avadikkaalam abhyarthikkukayum sweekarikkukayum cheythu. addeham orikkalum washington nevi yardilekku madangiyethiyilla.
uss "ohiyo", europian schwadron ennivayude command.
1839 muthal 1841 vare comodore hull munnirayudeyum europian schwadroninteyum kamaandaraayirunnu. europian schwadronil yudhakkappalum yudhathinte charivukalum ulppedunnu.
maranavum paarambaryavum.
praayavum anaarogyavum moolam kooduthal sevanathinu ayogyanaaya addeham adutha rund varsham avadhiyil chelavazhichu. comodore isak hull 69-aamm vayassil pensylvaniayile filadelfiyayil vachu marikkukayum loral hill semitheriyil samskarikkappedukayum cheythu.
yuu.ezz. isak kappalinte bahumaanaartham naavikasena anchu kappalukalkk peru nalki, avayil,,,,,, enniva ulppedunnu.
derbick shelton edayilulla haustoonik nadiyil vyaapichukidakkunna comodore isak hull memorial bridginu addehathinte peraanu nalkiyirikkunnath.
virjeeniyayile richmandile hull streetinu halinte bahumaanaartham peru nalkiyittundu.
alabaamayile montgomeriyile hull streetinu halinte bahumaanaartham peru nalkiyittundu. 1812 leeii mattu naavika veeranmaarude barberry yuddham/yuddham ennivayude perilulla theruvukalkk samaantharamaayi ithu oodunnu.
creak yudhasamayathu federal roadle nirmmicha kottayaaya fort hull, halinte bahumaanaartham namakaranam cheyyappettu.
jorjiyayile savannayile hull streetum addehathinte perilaanu ariyappedunnathu.

