
hispanos oof nyoo meksikoo

nyoo meksikkoyile hispanos, neomexicanos () allengil newemexicanos ennum ariyappedunnu, innu yuu. ezz. stettu oof nyoo meksikoo ("newo meksikoo"), thekkan colorado, arizona, newada, texas, utta ennivayulppede thekkupadinjaaran american aikyanaadukalude mattu bhagangal ennividangalil ninnu uthbhavicha hyspanic nivaasikalaan. oyasamerica grouppukalil ninnum nyoo speyininte viceroyalatti, aadyathe meksikkan saamrajyam, republic, centralist republic oof meksikoo, nyoo meksikoo pradesham ennivayude kudiyettakkaaril ninnum avar pingaamikalaan.
eee puthiya meksikkan kudiyettakkaarude pingaamikal nyoo meksikkoyil 340,000-thiladhikam varunna oru vamseeya samoohamaanu, mattullavar charitraparamaaya spanish praadeshika avakaashavaadamaaya "newo meksikoo" yiludaneelam undu. kaaliforniyaykkum tejanosinum oppam, pathinaram noottaand muthal american thekkupadinjaaru thaamasichirunna american aikyanaadukalile valia hispano samoohathinte bhagamaanu neomexicanos. meksikkan-american yudhathinum pinneedu meksikkan viplavathinum sesham ethiya meksikkan amerikkakkaarude janasamkhyayil ninnu eee grouppukale kaalakramam anusarichu verthirikkunnu. meksikkan amerikkakkar mesoamerican grouppukalumaayi kooduthal bandhappettirikkunnathil avar avarude thaddesheeya paithrukathil janithakaparamayi vyathyaasappettirikkunnu, athesamayam nyoo mexicanmaar vadakke american thekkupadinjaaran oyaasamerikkan thaddesheeya janangalumayi kooduthal bandhappettirikkunnu.
neomexicanos nyoo meksikkan engleesh, neomexicano spanish allengil randum dvibhaashayaayi samsaarikkunnu. saamskaarikamaayi avar nyoo meksikkoyude samskaaravumaayi thirichariyukayum pueblo kristhumatham aacharikkukayum albookerk, santa phee thudangiya nagarangalkkum pattanangalkkum abhimaanathiloode praadeshika amerikkayil desasneham prakadippikkukayum cheiyunnu. kooduthal saamskaarika aavishkaarathil nyoo meksikkan paachakareethikalum samgeethavum ranchiroyum yuu. ezz. root 66 cruising jeevitashailiyum ulppedunnu. 
hispanos avarude hyspanic paithrukavumaayi shakthamayi thirichariyukayum avarude vyathyastha thalatthilulla spanish, thaddesheeya vamshaparambarayil abhimaanikkukayum melpparanja puthiya meksikkan swathuathil shradha kendreekarikkukayum cheiyunnu. nyoo meksikkan hispaanosinte janasamkhyayude krithyamaaya ennam budhimuttaanu, kaaranam palarum meksikkan amerikkakkar (chikkano prasthaanavumaayi thirichariyunna oru cheria nyoonapakshamulla) allengil spanish amerikkakkar ennum thirichariyunnu.
aadhunika charithratthinte bhooribhaagavum, nyoo meksikoo nyoo speyininte vaisroythiyude (1598-1821) paridhiyil nilaninnirunnu, athinte thalasthaanam meksikoo nagravum pinneedu swatantra meksikoyum (1821-1848) aayirunnu. ennirunnaalum, 1750 muthal 1850 vare raashtreeyamaayum saambathikamaayum komancheriyayude aadhipathyamaayirunnu. komanche kaaranam, spanish saamraajyathinte backie bhagangalumaayulla bandham parimithamaayirunnu, kudiyettakkaar puthiya speyininte mattu bhaagangale apekshichu komancheyumaayi kooduthal vyapara bandham vikasippichu. athinidayil, chila kolanikkaar komancheyude sathrukkalaaya pueblon janathayodum navajosinodum sahavasikkukayum parasparam vivaham kazhikkukayum cheythu.
ellah vamshathilumulla nyoo meksikkan janataye saadhaaranayaayi apaacheriyayile comanche appaache vamsajarum adimakalaakkiyappol thaddesheeya nyoo meksikkan janataye saadhaaranayaayi adimakalaakkukayum spanish bhashayum samskaaravum sweekarikkukayum cheythu. jenisaros ennu vilikkappedunna eee nattukaar 1800-kall vare nyoo meksikkoyil veettujolikkaar, aadukal meyikkunnavar, innu thekkan collado ennariyappedunnava ulppede mattu sthaanangalil sevanamanushtichu. pathinettaam noottaandinte avasaanathode, palappozhum "koyattukal" ennu vilikkappedunna jenisarokalum avarude pingaamikalum nyoo meksikkoyile motham janasamkhyayude moonnilonnu varum. meksikkan-american yudhathinushesham nyoo meksikoyum athile ellah nivaasikalum engleesh samsaarikkunna yuu. esinte bharanathin keezhilaayi.ezz.adutha nooru varshathekku engleesh samsaarikkunnavarude ennam vardhichu. 1980kalode kooduthal kooduthal hispanos veettil nyoo meksikkan spaanishin pakaram engleesh upayogichirunnu.
kaalavadhi.
nyoo meksikkan spaanishil upayogikkunnathupole, eee padam pothuve hispaanikkukale soochippikkaam allengil american thekkupadinjaaru thaddesheeyamaaya spanish allengil indo-hyspanic vamshajaraaya aareyum soochippikkaam."
charithram.
spanish bharanam.
aadyathe spanish kudiyettakkaar 1598 juulai 11 nuu meksikoo nagaratthil ninnu vadakkott 500 spanish kudiyettakkaarumaayum sainikarumaayum 7,000 mrugangalude kannukaalikalumaayum doonn juvan dii onettu nyoo meksikkoyilekk vannappol nyoo meksikkoyilekk kudiyeri. meksikoo thaazhvaraykku sesham nyoo meksikoo raajyam ennu vilikkapetta aadyathe spanish vaasasthalamaaya "saan juvan dii loss caballeros" kudiyettakkaar sthaapichu.
oonettu pueblo janathayude pradeshangalum keezhadakki. addeham nyoo meksikkoyude aadya govarnoraayi. oonettinte keezhil spanish bharanam chooshanam cheiyunnathu athirthiyile naadodikalaaya amer-indian gothrangalil ninnu, prathyekichu appaache, navajo, komanche janathayil ninnu thudarchayaaya akramanangalkkum prathikarangalkkum kaaranamaayi. fraansiskan missionarymaarum (thaddesheeyare kristhumathathilekku parivartthanam cheyyaanum hyspanic acan nyoo meksikkoyilekk konduvannavar) mathethara, matha adhikaarikalum thammil valia ettumuttalukalum undaayi. amerikkayile spanish kolanikalil saadhaaranamaayirunnathupole, kolanikkaar indian thozhilaallikale chooshanam cheythu.
1650-kalil govarnor bernardo lopus dii mendisabal addehathinte keezhu nicolas dii agvilarum chernnu kudiyettakkaareyum fraansiskanmaareyum thaddesheeya amerikkakkaarkk avarude jolikalkku panam nalkaan nirbandhikkunnathinaayi oru niyamam pasaki. fraansiskanmaar indiakkaarodu moshamaayi perumarunnathaayi thaan karuthiyathine addeham ethirkkukayum indiakkaare avarude samskaaram, matham, achaarangal enniva samrakshikkanum acharikkaanum anuvadikkaan nirddeshikkukayum cheythu. fraansiskanmaar niyamathinethire prathishedhikkukayum anweshanathinu munbu govarnore kuttappeduthukayum cheythu. pinneedu meksikoo sittiyil vachu addehathe vichaarana cheythu. athinaal, fraansiskanmaar nyoo meksikoo pravishya parokshamaayi bharichu.
1680-ll rioo grandale thaamasichirunna thaddesheeya american grouppukal spanish kolanikkarkkethire vijayakaramaayi uyarnnu, athu pueblo kalapam ennariyappettu. 1692ll spanish eee pravishyayilekku madangiyethiyappol doonn diego dii vargas nyoo meksikkoyude puthiya govarnoraayi. laa konkvistadorayude oru chithram vahichukondu addeham muun thalasthaanathekku praveshichu. thaddesheeya amerikkakkar kanyaka meriyude prathima kandu valareyadhikam aakarshikkappedukayum athu kandappol avar kaikal thaazhtthi vekkukayum cheythu. nyoo meksikkoyude eee "punarnirmmaanam" raktharahithamaanennu ariyappedunnu, athinusesham ellah varshavum kanyaka meriyude eee prathima sambhavathinte smaranaykkaayi santa phee nagaratthiloode ghoshayaatrayaayi kondupookunnu.
vargaasinte varavinte samayat nyoo meksikoo gwadalajarayile rajakeeya oodiyanshyayude adhikaaraparidhiyilaayirunnu, koodaathe nyoo speyininte vaisroythiyil pettathumaayirunnu. ennirunnaalum, 1777-ll provincias intenaasu roopeekarichathode ithu kamaandant generalinte adikaaraparidhiyil maathrame ulppeduthiyittulloo. kalapathinushesham, spanish oro pueblo amerindian ganyamaaya bhoomi graantukal nalkukayum indiakkaarude avakashangal samrakshikkunnathinum spanish kodathikalil avarude niyamaparamaaya kesukal vaadikkunnathinum oru pothu prathirodhakkaarane niyamikkukayum cheythu.
meksikkan bharanam.
nyoo speyininte pradhana bhoopradesam 1821-ll speyinil ninnu swaathanthryam nedukayum nyoo meksikoo puthiya rajyamaaya meksikkoyude bhagamaakukayum cheythu. nyoo meksikkoyile spanish kudiyettakkaarum avarude pingaamikalum meksikkan pourathvam oru paridhivare sweekarichu. nyoo meksikkoyude kaaryangalil kooduthal praadeshika niyanthranam labhikkunnathinaayi nyoo meksikooye oru samsthaanathekkaal oru meksikoo pradeshamaakki maattaan hispanos theerumaanichu. 1836-ll, republic oof texas swaathanthryam nediyathinushesham, texas nyoo meksikoo pravishyayude oru bhagam avakaashappedukayum meksikoo tharkkikkunna thalasthaanamaaya saanta feyude mail texas adhikaraparidhi sthaapikkaan saadhyamenkil sramikkukayum cheythu. 1841-ll texicancar eee pradesham kaivashappeduthaan oru paryaveshanatthe ayachuvenkilum athu meksikkan sainyam pidichedutthu.
1837-leeii nyoo meksikkoyile kalapam, praadeshika adikaaram vardhippikkanamennu aavasyappettukondu, kendramaayi niyamithanaaya meksikkan govarnore attimarikkaanum vadhikkanum hispanosine prerippichu. eee kalaapathe meksikoo niyamicha saha hispano maanuval armijo paraajayappeduthi, ithu janangalude aashankakal laghookarichu. nyoo meksikkan samoohathil nilaninnirunna vargga vairudhyamaayirunnu eee kalaapathin prachodanam. kendrabharanam punasthaapikkappettpol, kooduthal svayambharanaavakaashathode armijo govarnoraayi pravishya bharichu. 1830kalude madhyathil nyoo meksikoo america, central meksikoo, meksikkan california ennivaykkidayilulla oru vyapara kendramaayi pravartthikkaan thudangi.
nyoo meksikoo saambathikamaayi valarukayum padinjaaran vyapara pathakalil nyoo meksikoo kalikkunna thanthraparamaaya sthaanam america shradhikkaan thudangukayum cheythu. 1846-ll, meksikkan-american yudhasamayathu, american aikyanaadukalude sainyam eee pravishya kaivashappedutthi, ithu tavos kalaapathin kaaranamaayi, ithu adhiniveshathinethire hispanos pueblo sakhyakakshikalum 1847 januvariyil nadatthiya janakeeya kalapamaayirunnu. rund hraswa pracharanangalil, yuu.ezz. sainyavum pourasainyavum kalaapathe adichamarthi. vimathar veendum onnikkukayum moonnu ettumuttalukal koodi nadathukayum cheythuvenkilum parajayappetta sesham avar thuranna yuddham upekshichu. meksikkan session ennu vilikkappedunnathode meksikoo vadakku pradeshangal americaykku kaimari. thalphalamaayi, munbu nyoo meksikkoyil undaayirunna ell passo nagaratthinte niyanthranam texas nedi. ennirunnaalum, 1850leeii othutheerppil texas nyoo meksikkoyude mattu pradeshangalodulla avakaashavaadam upekshichu.
american bharanasamvidaanam.
meksikkan-american yudhathinushesham, anglo amerikkakkar puthuthayi ettedutha ellah pradeshangalilekkum valia thothil kudiyeraan thudangi. anglos thaddesheeya amerikkakkaaril ninnum hispanosil ninnum vyathyastha maargangaliloode bhoomi edukkaan thudangi, prathyekichu irippidathiloode. adhiniveshakkaar palappozhum eee bhoomi bhoomi oohakkachavadakkaarkku valia laabhathin vittu, prathyekichu 1862 leeii homsted niyamam paasaakkiyathin sesham. hispanos thangalude bhoomi thirike nalkanamennu aavasyappettenkilum sarkkarukal anukoolamaayi prathikarichilla. udaaharanathinu, nyoo meksikkoyile general claim offeesinte surveyor chilappol oru claim prosess cheyyaan ambathu varsham vare edukkum, athesamayam, bhoomi puthumukhangal pidichedukkunnu. hispanosine avarude bhoomiyil ninnu kabalippikkaan upayogichirunna oru thanthram engleeshil ezhuthiya udamasthaavakaasham theliyikkunna rekhakal haajaraakkanamenn aavashyappeduka ennathaayirunnu. eee pradesham munbu meksikkoyude bhagamaayirunnathinaal spanish bhasha udamasthaavakaasha rekhakal maathrame nilavilundaayirunnulla. 1890kalil santa phee, achisan, topeca railway enniva nirmmichappol, santa phee ring ennariyappedunna oohakkachavadakkaar swadeshikale avarude bhoomiyil ninnu neekkam cheiyunnathinulla padhathikal aasoothranam cheythu. ithinu marupadiyaayi, anglos pidicheduttha bhoomi veendedukkaan hispanos othukoodi. puthiya kudiyettakkaare bhayappeduthaamenna pratheekshayil, oduvil avar avarude lakshyangal niravettaan bheeshaniyum reydukalum upayogichu. pothu swath bhoomi graant communitykal abhimukeekarikkunna saambathikavum saamoohikavumaaya kramathinethiraaya prathirodhatthinte dainamdina thanthrangaliloode praadeshika janangalkkidayil oru vargga adhishtitha avabodham vikasippikkaan avar shramichu. palarum dharichirunna velutha thala moodunna vasthrangalil ninnaan avar svayam "laas goras blancas" ennu vilichathu.
american aabhyantharayudhathile trans-mississippi thiyettaril nyoo meksikoo pradesham oru punk vahichu. konfedarettum kendra sarkkaarukalum athinte udamasthaavakaashavum pradeshika avakashangalum avakashappettu. 1861ll konfedarasi thekkan pradeshathe swantham arizona pradeshamaayi avakaashappedukayum amerikkayude thekkupadinjaaru bhaagathe niyanthrikkunnathinum union kaaliforniyayilekkulla praveshanam thurakkunnathinumulla shramathil nyoo meksikoo kaambayin nadathukayum cheythu. 1862-ll gloriotta churam yudhathinu sesham nyoo meksikoo pradeshathe konfedarettu adikaaram phalapradamaayi thakarkkapettu. 157 hyspanic offeesarmaarulla nyoo meksikoo volunteer infantriyaayirunnu aaa vamseeya pashchaathalatthilulla ettavum kooduthal offeesarmaarulla union yoonit. kenal migual iii. randaam nyoo meksikoo volunteer infantriyil petta pino, lefttanant kenal jose maria waldez, nyoo meksikoo volunteer infantriyil aadyathe nyoo meksikoo volunteer infantriyude commanding offeesaraaya kenal daigo arculate (oduvil brigadier generalayi sthaanakkayattam labhichu), kenal jose jii. ennivarum ulppedunnu. moonnaamathe nyoo meksikoo sannadha kaalaalppadayude gallegos commander periyayude milishya battaaliyante kamaandaraaya lefttanant kenal francisco peria.
aabhyantharayudhathinusham, hispano janasamkhyaykkidayil nilaninnirunna pyoonejinte charitraparamaaya sambradaayam nirthalaakkukayenna lakshyathode 1867 leeii pyoonej niyamam kongras pasaki.
nyoo meksikkoyude kootticherkkalinum samsthaanapadaviykkum munbum, nyoo meksikkoyude hispaanikkukale anglos "meksikkans" ennu vilichirunnu, athirthikku thekk thaamasichavaril ninnu cheria vyathyasam maathrame undaayirunnulloo. bhoomi nashtappedal, aamglokalude kaiyettam, thudarnnulla samgharshangal enniva nyoo meksikkan hispanoskidayil vamseeya swathuathil valarchaykku kaaranamaayi. athesamayam, saambathika valarcha hispanosine american pana sambadvyavasthayilekku konduvaraan kaaranamaayi, athesamayam munbu mikka grameena hispaanokalum upajeevana nilavaarathilaanu jeevichirunnathu. pala hispaanokalum avarude kudumbangale pottaan kudiyetta thozhilaallikalaayi mattu pradeshangalilekku thamasam maari. irupathaam noottaandinte thudakkathil curio maarkkattinte vikasanathode mattullavarkk avarude varumaanathin poorakamaayi neythu polulla parambaraagatha karakaushala vasthukkal upayogikkaan kazhinju. 
1912 januvariyil nyoo meksikoo oru american samsthaanamaayi maarukayum oduvil engleesh phoneukal bhooripaksha janasamkhyayaayi maarukayum cheythu. samsthaanathe hispanos saambathikamaayi pinnakkam nilkkunna janasamkhyayaayi maari, aamglosumaayi thaarathamyappeduthumbol randaam klaas pouranmaaraayi maari. eee puthiya american pouranmaarude vishwasthathaye chodyam cheytha aamglophon amerikkakkaaril ninnu hispanos vivechanam anubhavichu. hispanosinteyum kudiyetta aamglophonukaludeyum samskaarangal oduvil oru paridhivare samyojichu, american aikyanaadukalude mattu bhaagangalile kudiyettakkaarude kaaryatthilum angane thanne.
america nyoo meksikoo samsthaana sarkkaarukalum hispanosine mukhyadharaa american jeevithathil ulppeduthaan shramichu. american deshasnehikalude chinnangalumaayi hispaanosinte chithrangal kalarthal, desheeyagaanathinte aadya spanish vivarthanam, niravadhi hispanos ranchermar, kuthirappadayaalikal, karshakar ennivare yuu. esinaayi pooraadunnathinaayi niyamikkuka enniva ithinte udaaharanangalil ulppedunnu.ezz. spanish american, onnaam lokamahaayudhangalil. american samoohathinu hispanos nalkia aadyakaala sambhaavanakalilonn sthreekalude vottavakashathinulla avarude pinthunayaayirunnu. irupakshathuninnumulla sambhavanakal samoohathil pourathvam mechappeduthaan sahaayichenkilum anglose hispanos thammilulla saamoohika asamathvam nilaninnu.
sambannarum daridrarumaaya hyspanic vamshajarkk vottu cheyyaan kazhiyukayum avar aamglokkaarekkaal kooduthal ennathil vottu cheyyukayum cheythathinaal anglose hyspanic vamsajarum sahakarichu. 1920 oode, manyamaaya samoohathilum rashtreeya samvaadathilum "meksikkan" enna padatthinu pakaram "spanish-american" enna padam vannu. puthiya padam iruvibhaagangaludeyum thalpparyangal niravettunnu. spanish samsaarikkunnavare sambandhichidatholam, ithu meksikkoyalla, spaineyaanu prachodippichathu, oru romaantik colonial bhoothakaalathinte chithrangal oormmippikkukayum anglo aadipathyamulla amerikkayile samathvathinte bhaavi nirddeshikkukayum cheythu. maruvashathu, anglos ennavare sambandhichidatholam, samsthaanathinte prathichaaya uyarthiyathum, "meksikkan" bhoomi enna pazhaya prathichaaya akramavum kramakkedum nirddeshichathum mooladhana nikshepathe niruthsaahappeduthiyathum samsthaanathva prachaaranatthe pinthirippichathum upayogapradavumaaya oru padamaayirunnu athu. puthiya padam spanish-amerikkakkar oru yadhaartha american rashtreeya samskaarathil pettavaraanenna dhaarana nalki, ithu sthaapitha kramatthe kooduthal janaadhipathyaparamaayi kaanunnu.
randaam lokamahaayudham nyoo meksikkan hispanosine sambandhichidatholam oru parivartthana kaalaghattamaayirunnu. manhattan padhathi, loss alamos sthaapikkal thudangiya samsthaanangalile vardhicha federal nikshepam hispanosinu thozhil nalki. athe samayam, hispanos sainyathil cherukayum saraashariyekkaal uyarnna nirakkil videshathu sevanamanushtikkukayum cheythu. battaan maranayaathrayude irakalaayirunnu valiyoru vibhaagam. thalphalamaayi, nyoo meksikkoyil aaa sambhavangalude erakalude niravadhi smaarakangalum anusmaranangalum undu.
janasamkhya.
nilavil, hispano janasamkhyayude bhooribhaagavum nyoo meksikoykkum thekkan colladoic idayilaanu, ennirunnaalum mattu thekkupadinjaaran samsthaanangalil nyoo meksikkoyil ninnu uthbhavicha aayirakkanakkin hispano undu. nyoo meksikkoyile hispanosil bhooribhaagavum, lakshakkanakkin varunnavar, samsthaanathinte vadakkan pakuthiyilaanu thaamasikkunnath, pradhaanamaayum santa phee, tavos, spanish bhashakal, ennirunnaalum avaa samsthaanathinte vadakku bhagathaayi vyaapichukidakkunnu. albookerk metroyilum thadatthilum, sangre dii kristoo, sandia-mansano, mogolan, jemas thudangiya parvathanirakalilum, samsthaanathudaneelamulla nadee thaazhvarakalaaya mimbrez, saan juvan, messila ennividangalilum samoohangalundu. nyoo meksikkoyile mikka hispanoic praadhaanyamund.
pathonpathaam noottaandinte randaam pakuthiyil nyoo meksikkoyil ninnu kudiyeriya hispanosil ninnullavaraan thekkan coloradoyile hispano samooham. niravadhi hispano ethnographermaarum bhaashaashaasthranjarum naadodi ezhuthukaarum eee rund janasamkhyaa kendrangalum (prathyekichu ruben cobos, juvan bouttista reyil, oreliyo macedonio espinosa sr) padichu.).
nyoo meksikkan kudumbangal.
samsthaana charithrakaarante nyoo meksikoo offeesil thaazhepparayunna kudumbanaamangal pattikappedutthiyittundu, frey angelico shavez ezhuthiya "nyoo meksikoo kudumbangalude uthbhavam", jose antonio esquibel ezhuthiya nyoo meksikoo kudumbangalude uthbhavathinappuram.
vamshaparambara.
amerin vamshajaraayavar.
dii. enn. eiii padanangal anusarichu, colonial kaalaghattatthil spanish thaddesheeya amerikkakkarum thammilulla kalarpp kaaranam nyoo meksikkoyile hispanosinu amerindian jeenukalude (newomexicano genome 30 muthal 40 sathamaanam vare) ganyamaaya anupaathamund. colonial kaalaghattatthil hyspanic kudumbangale sevikkunna thaddesheeya american adimakalaaya jenisarosil ninnaan eee vamshaparambarayude bhooribhaagavum varunnath. avarude amerindian poorvvikar pradhaanamaayum pueblose, nawajos, apatches ennivaraanu, ennaal komanchukal, youts, thaddesheeya meksikkans ennivayum ithil ulppedaam.
kriptto-judaism.
kupersmitt gaveshanam" anusarichu, 2015 ll nyoo meksikkoyil ekadesham 24,000 joothanmaarundaayirunnu, avaril 1,700 perr eee samsthaanathaanu janichathu. ennirunnaalum nyoo meksikkoyil anusim allengil kriptto-joothanmaarude pingamikalaaya ganyamaaya ennam lattinokal undennu chilar nirddeshichittundu.
pazhaya pattanamaya albukkarkkil 1793ll nirmmicha saan felip dii neri palliyil balipeetathinte idathum valathum david nakshathramund. nyoo meksikkoyile kriptto-joothanmaarude swaadheenathinte thelivaanithennu chila nireekshakar vishwasikkunnu, ennaal mattullavar aaa vyaakhyaanathe pinthunaykkaan paryaapthamallenn karuthunnu. vadakkan nyoo meksikkoyil catholica kurisukalullavaykkoppam hebru, jootha chinnangalulla semiteriyude thalakkallukal gaveshakar kandethi.
chila spanish nyoo meksikkan vamshajaril janithaka padanangal nadathiyittundu. arizona sarvakalaashaalayile gaveshana professor jootha janithakashaasthra vidagthanumaaya maikkal hammer parayunnath, oru sathamaanathil thaazhe maathram, ennaal lokathile muzhuvan jootha janasamkhyayudeyum naalirattiyiladikam, purusha-nirddishta "kohanim marker" kaivashamund (ithu ellah juthanmaarum vahikkunnilla, pakshe paarambarya purohithanmaaril ninnu vamshaparambara avakaashappedunna joothanmaarkkidayil ithu prachaaratthilundu). nyoo meksikkoyil (38.5%) pareekshicha 78 hispanosil 30 ennathilum kohanim marker undennu maadyama reportukal avakaashappedunnu.
kizhakkan europile ashkenazi joothanmaaraayirunna kudumba vruksha dnaude sthaapakanaaya bennatt greenspan, haplogroup jeey-emm 267 ll ulppedunna oru sephardic vaii-chromosomal vamshavum vahikkunnu. greenspaante 67-marker strey malsarangalil speyinile sevilleyile juvan tenorioyude rund hyspanic pingaamikal ulppedunnu, avaril oraal nyoo meksikkan hispano kudumbatthil ninnulla katholikkanaaya maanuval tenorioyaanu. 
nyoo meksikkan hispanos jedmachile ashkenazi juthanmaar, syrian juthanmaar, morocan juthanmaar ennivarumaayi autosomal dna vibhagangalaal samaanamaanenn kandethiyittundu. ennirunnaalum, nyoo meksikkoyile hispanosinu hyspanic american janasamkhyayekkaal kooduthal sephardic jootha jeenukalilla.
samskaaram.
neythu.
nyoo meksikkoyile hispanos sambannamaaya neythu paarambaryamaanu vikasippicheduthath, spainileyum meksikkoyileyum neythu reethikalil verukalum navajo, pueblones ennivayude praadeshika neythu paarambaryangalil ninnulla kanatha swaadheenavumundu. hyspanic neythu spanish verukalum moorish swaadheenam cheluthunnu, kaaranam avar speyinil adhinivesham nadathunnu, koodaathe nyoo meksikkan hyspanic neythum vidoora kizhakk ninnu irakkumathi cheiyunna vyapara charakkukalil ninnulla swaadheenam kaanikkunnu. hyspanic neythukaar avarude sthaapanathil ninnu ganyamaayi parinamichappol, athe samayam hyspanic neythukaar ellaayppozhum avarude mungaamikalude sanbradaayangalude thudarcha nilanirtthi.
nyoo meksikkoyile hyspanic neythukaar avarude swantham neythu paarambaryam vikasippikkaan thudangiyathode nyoo meksikkan hyspanic neytthile meksikkan swaadheenam avasaanichilla. nyoo meksikkan neythukaar meksikkoyil ninnulla serap shaili sweekarichu, meksikkan neythukaar nyoo meksikkoyilekk neengunnathu thudarukayum irupathaam noottaandinte thudakkathil praadeshika neytthine swaadheenikkukayum cheythu. nyoo meksikkan hyspanics avarudethaaya neythu shailikal vikasippichu. nadiyude peril ariyappedunna eee shaili eee shailiyil ninnu valareyadhikam prachodanam ulkkondathaanengilum ithu niravadhi lalithavalkkaranangalum kaanikkunnu. 1800 kalude avasaanathil vaanijya noolukalude labhyatha "hyspanic idaslerukal" ennariyappettirunna puthappukal polulla kooduthal sankeernamaaya roopakalppanakalilekku nayichu. eee samayam muthal ettu pooyint nakshathrangal ulkkollunna oru puthiya tharam design, athu uthbhavicha graamangalude peril ariyapettu. 1920 num 1940 num idayil vikasippichedutha chimaayo pattanatthinte perilulla oru shaili. nannayi vikasippicha transwers baandukalum oru pradhana kendra roopavum ithinte savisheshathayaanu. saadhaaranayaayi vajrathinteyo manikkoorglaasinteyo aakruthiyilullathum valare vipulavumaan kendra rooparekha. eee shaili innu ettavum saadhaaranamaanu, ennaal mattu neythukaar pazhaya designukal punarnirmmikkunnu, chilar valare vyakthigathamaaya kashanagal nirmmikkunnu.
nyoo meksikkan hyspanic neythu praadeshika upabhogathinaayi neytha charakkukalude ulppaadanathode aarambhichappol, colonial kaalaghattatthil polum nyoo meksikkan hispanos avarude neytha puthappukal thaddesheeya amerikkakkaarumaayum meksikkoyude ulpradeshangalile thaamasakkaarumaayum vyapaaram nadatthi. eee puthappukal thaddesheeya amerikkakkaarumaayulla vyaapaarathinte oru pradhana bhaagamaayirunnu. nyoo meksikoo american ikyanaadukalumaayulla kootticherkkal oru vichithra vipani sthaapikkaan kaaranamaayi, athilekku hyspanic neythukaar avarude uthppaadanam krameekarichu. neythukaarkkum upabhokthakkalkkum idayil idanilakkaaraayi marria hyspanic vamshajarkk eee vipani oru pradhana avasaram nalki. eee kaalayalavil, anglo-american vipanikk thaddesheeya american shekharanavasthukkalil thaalpparyamundaayirunnu, athinte falamaayi neythukaar avarude neythukalil niravadhi amerindian designukal ulppeduthi.
pinneedu, onnaam lokamahaayudhathinushesham, nyoo meksikkoyile spanish kalakaludeyum karakaushalavasthukkaludeyum punarujjeevanathil thaalpparyamulla anglo-amerikkakkar aadhikaarika spanish neythaayi avar kandathine prolsaahippikkaan thudangi. nyoo meksikkan hyspanic neytthile thaddesheeya american, meksikkan swaadheenangal avar nirasikkukayum hyspanic neythu enna ashayathe "shudhamaaya" samrakshitha spanish aachaaramaayi prolsaahippikkukayum cheythu. curio maarkkattinte aadhikaarikathayillaaymayum vaanijyaparathayum avar nirasichu. pala kesukalilum, avar hyspanic neythukaarude mail swantham kalaparamaaya abhiruchikal adichelppikkaan shramichu. pinneedu, mahaamaandyathodoppam neythu oru naipunyamaayi prothsaahippikkunna sarkkar padhathikalum vannu.
nyoo meksikkan spanish.
nyoo meksikkoyil spanish vyaapakamaayi upayogikkunnathum niyamaparamaayi prothsaahippikkappedunnathum kaaranam engleeshinoppam spanish audyogika bhaashayaanenn pothuve karuthappedunnu; ennirunnaalum, samsthaanathinu audyogika bhashayilla. nyoo meksikkoyude niyamangal spaanishilum engleeshilum dwibhasha bhaashayilaan prakhyaapikkappedunnath. engleesh samsthaana sarkkaarinte paper working bhaashayaanenkilum, sarkkar bisinesses palappozhum spaanishilaan, prathyekichu praadeshika thalatthil. 1931lum 1943lum puthukkiya 1912leeii yadhaartha samsthaana bharanaghadana, rund bhaashakalilum niyamangal prasidheekarikkunnathinni dwibhasha gavanmentinaayi vyavastha cheythu. bharanaghadana oru bashayeyum audyogikamaayi amgeekarichittilla. 1935 vare niyamanirmmanasabha avide spanish upayogikkaan anuvadichappol, 21-aamm noottaandil ellah samsthaana udyogastharkkum engleeshil praaveenyam undaayirikkanam. niyamaparamaaya karyangal rund bhaashakalilum prasidheekarikkaathathil nyoo meksikooye oru yadhaartha dwibhasha samsthaanamaayi kanakkakkaan kazhiyillennu chila pandithanmaar vaadikkunnu. 1953 vare samsthaanam audyogikamaayi dvibhaashiyaayirunnuvennu juvan peria prathikarichu.
judiciary sambandhichidatholam, rund bhaashakalilum saakshyam vahikkaan saakshikalkk avakaashamund. spanish samsaarikkunnavarkk engleesh samsaarikkunnavareppole juurii duticayi pariganikkaan athe avakashavum baadhyathayumund. pothuvidyaabhyaasathil, bhooribhaagam vidyaarthikalum hispanophone upayogikkunna school jillakalil dwibhasha vidyaabhyaasavum spanish samsaarikkunna instructormaarum nalkendathu samsthaanathinte bharanaghadanaaparamaaya kadamayaanu.
1995ll samsthaanam "nyoo meksikoo-mii lindo newo meksikoo" enna dwibhasha gaanam sweekarichu.
pradeshatthinte 400 varshathe charithratthil bhooribhaagavum mattu spanish samsaarikkunna pradeshangalil ninnu eee aalukal thaarathamyena otappettathinaal, avar nyoo meksikoo spanish ennariyappedunnathu vikasippichu. vadakkan nyoo meksikkoyileyum thekkan koladoyileyum hispanos enna spanish bhashayil eee pradeshathu sthirathaamasamaakkiya kolanikkaar samsaarikkunna 16,17 noottaandukalile spaanishinte niravadhi gadakangal nilanirthiyittundu. koodaathe, chila savisheshamaaya padavali ivide vikasichittundu. nyoo meksikkan spaanishil upper rioo grande thaazhvarayile pueblon bhashakalil ninnulla vaipa vaakkukal, meksikkan-spanish vaakkukal ("" "), engleeshil ninnulla vaipa vaakkukal ennivayum adangiyirikkunnu. vyakaranaparamaaya mattangalil second pezhsan plueler kriyayude roopam nashtappeduka, kriyayude avasaanangalile mattangal, prathyekichu preteritil, randaamatheyum moonnaamatheyum samyojanangalude bhagika layanam enniva ulppedunnu.
raashtreeyam.
2020leeii american president thiranjeduppinulla associate pras nadatthiya eksitt pooll phalangal prakaram, nyoo meksikkoyile joou bidante shakthiyude bhooribhaagavum laattino votermaaril ninnaan vannath, avaril ninnaan addeham 61 sathamaanam vottu nediyathu. meksikkan paarambaryamulla 54 sathamaanam laattinokalum 70 sathamaanam spanish-amerikkakkarum ithil ulppedunnu.