
maachi <aii. dii. 1> veltro

aeronotica maachi nirmmicha randaam lokamahaayudhakaalathe oru itaaliyan yudhavimaanamaayirunnu maachi <aii. dii. 1> veltro () (emm <aii. dii. 1> ennum ariyappedunnu, "maachi castoldi" ennathine soochippikkunna "emm. sii"). reggian <aii. dii. 2>, phiyatt jii. 55 ennivaykkoppam, sakthamaaya dimeler-benz db 605 enchininu chuttum nirmmicha moonnu "seeree" 5 "itaaliyan poraalikalil onnaayirunnu maachi <aii. dii. 1>. munpu upayogichirunna c.202 "folgor" ennathinte oru vikasanamaayirunnu c.205. chilathinte uyarnna vegathayum 20 emm peerankiyum 12.7 emm breda mesheen gannukalum sajjeekarichirikkunna maachi c.205 "veltro" sakhyakakshikalum axis pailattumaarum orupole bahumaanichirunnu. randaam lokamahaayudhathile ettavum mikacha itaaliyan vimaanangalilonnayi parakke kanakkaakkappedunna ithu valare phalapradamaanennu theliyikkukayum dhaaraalam sakhya bomberukale nasippikkukayum cheythu. maachi sii. vadakke american pii-51dii mustang polulla poraalikale thulya nibandhanakalil neridaan 205 nuu kazhivundennu theliyikkapettu, ithu oru "grupe" sajjamakkaan eee vimaanangalil palathum upayogikkaan "luftwaff" neey prothsaahippichu.
c.205 nuu vegathayilum thanthraparathayilum mikacha sakhya athiraalikalumaayi poruthappedaan kazhinjappol, ithu samgharshathil vaikiyaan avatharippichathu. itaaliyan yuddha sambadvyavasthayude parimithikal kaaranam, yuddham avasaanikkunnathin munbu oru cheria uthppaadanam maathrame vitharanam cheythirunnulloo. spittfayar pole, "veltro" athinte nirmmaanatthil budhimuttullathum nirmmikkaan mandagathiyilumaayirunnu. italiyude ettavum kooduthal score cheytha easu, adriano visconti, eathaanum aazhchakalkkullil thante 26 credit vijayangalil 11 ennam nedi, addehathinu "veltro" paratthaan kazhinju, topp scoring "serjant magior pilota" luigi gorini 14 shatru vimaanangale vedivechu veezhthukayum koodaathe aarr vimaanagalkk c.205 kedupaadukal sambhavikkukayum cheythu.
roopakalppanayum vikasanavum.
1941-ll, c.202 yudhavimaanathinte prakadanam kooduthal mechappeduthunnathinaayi, "reejiya aeronotica" italiyil jarmman db 605 1,100 kilowatt (1,475 echpi) liqvid-cooled supercharged inverted vii-12 enchin nirmmikkaan theerumaanichu, ithu phiyatt ra.1050 aarr aayi nirmmichu.c. 58 "tiphon" (chuzhalikkaatt). eee enchin "cassia della seeree 5" ("seerees-5 faittar") aayi upayogichu avarude designukalude pathippukal nalkaan yudhavimaana nirmmaathaakkale shanikkukayum prototype upayogathinaayi irakkumathi cheytha db 605-kall nalkukayum cheythu. ellah designukalum peril 5 enna nambar upayogichu, maachi c.205 aayi maari (c.202bis allengil c.203 ennathinu pakaram).
aii. dii. 2" ennathil licenses nirmmithamaya db 601 enchin upayogichirunna machi, valippathil pilkkaalathethinekkaal shakthavum shakthavumaya db 605-maayi thaarathamyam cheyyaavunna oru enchinaanu. ithinartham "aii. dii. 2" airframe db 605-nuu eluppathil anuyojyamaakkaan kazhiyumennanu. "veltro" "aadyamaayi 1942 epril 19 nuu parannu, 205enn" "ooriyoon" "(enn" "puthiya" "ennathine soochippikkunnu) enna krithyamaaya vakabhedathodukoodiya oru stopp-gapp alavayi kanakkakkappettu". pareekshanatthil, phiyatt jii. 55 "centoro", <aii. dii. 1> "sagitanorio" enniva avayude valia chirakukalude vistheernnam kaaranam uyarnna uyarathil mikacha prakadanam kaazhchavaykkunnathaayi thelinju. vaasthavathil, "veltro" munbathe "folgor" enna athe chirakukal upayogichirunnuvenkilum athinte bharam 140 kilogram/meter 2 ll ninnu 153.6 kilogram/meter 2 aayi vardhichu. "veltro" yude prakadanam uyarnna chirakukal loducheyyunna jarmman designukalkku samanamaayirunnu, koodaathe 642 kilometer/manikkoor (399 mile) ethaan kazhiyunna idatharam uyarangalil ettavum mikachathaayirunnu. jii. 55 umm aii. dii. 2> labhyamaakunnathuvare <aii. dii. 1> "veltro" uthppaadanathil sthaapichu.
aadyathe 100 "veltro seeree aii" mesheen gann aayudangal mathramaayirunnu, ennaal palathilum 20 emm milligram 151 peerankiyum gadippichirunnu. seeree II" nirmmichirunnilla, pakshe 150 "seeree III" oordar cheythu, avayil oru staanderdaayi chiraku peerankikal gadippichirunnu.
forwade fuselage punarnirmmikkendathinte aavasyakatha samayamedukkunnathaanenkilum, niravadhi maasangalude kaalathaamasathinu sesham, "205n" thayyarayirunnu. 1942 november 1 nuu propeller habbiloode 20 emm peeranki vedivayppum yathaakramam aii. dii. 2 umm 1,400 raundu vedikkoppukalum vahikkunna naalu couling gadippicha 12.7 emm (. 5 inch) breda-saphaatt mesheen gannukalum ulkkollunna aayudhangalumaayi aii. dii. 1 aadyamaayi parannu. eee krameekaranam uyarnna sealing anuvadichu, pakshe vegatha kuranju. mikacha aerodynamics (neelameriyathum kooduthal kaaryakshamavumaya pinn fuselageulla) maachi c.205v/mg151 [] nekkaal oru nettam nalki.
randaamathe prototype c.205n2-nte kanni parakkal 1943 meyy 19 nuu nadannu, ithu parishodhanaykkide ethi, ithu c.205n1-nekkaal alpam mandagathiyilaayirunnu, athinanusarichu athinte pravartthana uyarathilethaan kooduthal samayamundaayirunnu. oru enchin gadippicha 20 emm peeranki, rund wing gadippicha 20 emm peeranki, 12.7 emm (. 5 inch) gadippicha rund fuselage mesheen gannukal ennivayaayirunnu ithil undaayirunnathu. vedikkoppukalude bhaarathil 600 allengil athil kooduthal 12.7 millimeter (. 5 inch) roundukalum paramavadhi 900 20 millimeter roundukalum undaayirunnu, ithu c.205n1 vahikkunnathinekkaal valare bharamullathum yathaakramam 490-550,650 20 millimeter roundukal vahikkunna reggian, phiyatt ennivayekkaal kooduthalumaayirunnu. 1, 200 vimaanagalkk oordar nalkiyengilum itaaliyan vedinirthal kaaranam roopakalppana upekshikkappettu.
enn-seerees vimanam c.205 vii-yekkaal mikacha prakadanam kaazhchavaykkanamaayirunnu, ennaal maachi testt pailat guido kairstiyaatto avarude parakkal savisheshathakal bharam kuranjathum kooduthal chadulavumaaya c.205 "veltro"-nekkaal thaazhnnathaanennu abhiprayappettu. pilkkala parambarayil kayarumbol amita choodu anubhavapettu.
design.
thudakkathil c.202bis ennariyappettirunna c.205, saadhaaranayaayi muun "folgorinu" samanamaayirunnu, ennirunnaalum fuselageil niravadhi vyathyaasangalundaayirunnu wall valuthaayirunnu, kokkpittum koombum punarroopakalppana cheythu, aantina maast valuthaayirunnu, chirakukalil chila mattangal varuthi. enchin torkinu liftt nikathunnathinaayi c.202, c.205 ennivaykku staarbordinekkaal 8 inch neelamulla portt wing undaayirunnu.
praadhamikamaayi oru interceptaraayi uddeshichirunna, ennaal graundu attaakkum escort sheshiyumulla, otta seettulla, ellah lohangalum ulla, monoplane yudhavimaanamaayirunnu c.205. neelamulla mookkil db605 enchin undaayirunnu, athu moonnu blade, sthiramaaya vegathayulla mettal propeller oodichu, enchinum kokkpittinum idayil pradhana indhana tank sthithicheyyunnu. radiator kokkpittinu thaazheyulla fuselageinte madhyabhaagathaanu sthithicheyyunnathu, athesamayam hraswa pinbhaagathu radio upakaranangal, ooksijan silindar, 80 littar (20 us gallen) reserve indhana tank enniva undaayirunnu. rund spaarukalum moonnu vibhaagangalum ullathum rund adhika indhana taankukalum poornnamaayum pinvalikkaavunna wide settu pradhana andarkarej gear ullathum laitt aluminium aloyikalum steelum upayogichaanu chirakukal nirmmichathu. akathe chirakile ellah loha flaappukalum ozhike, matellaa niyanthrana prathalangalum loha frame cheythathum thunikondu pothinjathumaayirunnu. "veltrosy" nuu svayam sealing indhana taankukal, oru kavachitha seett, kavachitha windscreen enniva staanderdaayi undaayirunnu. idungiya kokkpittinu parimithamaaya feeld-oof-view undaayirunnu, ennaal chila udaaharanangalil rear-view mirror gadippichirunnu.
827 kilogram/1,823 poundu (saadhaarana) pelodil poornnamaayum sajjeekaricha pailat (85 kilogram/187 poundu), indhanam (307 kilogram/677 poundu), rund breda mesheen gannukalum rund mousar milligram 151/20 peerankiyum (yathaakramam 60 umm 84 kilogram/130 umm 185 poundum), 12.7 millimeter (. 5 inch) vedikkoppukal (76 kilogram/168 poundu), 20 millimeter vedikkoppukal (100 kilogram/220 poundu), enna (33 kilogram/73 poundu), ooksijan silindar (12 kilogram/26 poundu), radio upakaranangal enniva ulppedunnu. koodaathe, 100 littar (30 us gall) indhana taankukalo 160 kilogram (350 poundu) bombukaloo rund underving haard pooyintukalil kondupokaan kazhiyum. yaathrakkaarude gathagatha vimaanangalude abhavam kaaranam, fuselageinte vayattil ettu yaathrakkaare vahikkaan praapthamaakkunnathin oru aidi1-ll mattangal varuthi, mattullavaykkoppam, 51 digri vingilulla moonnu pailattumaar (adriano visconti ulppede) eee reethiyil vedinirthalinu sesham sardiniyayil ninnu italiyilekku yaatra cheythu.
"veltrosinu" "ushnamekhalaa" "paatten maraykkal undaayirunnu, manal thavitt bays kottum avayude uparithalathiludaneelam kramarahithamaya karutha-pacha varakalum (" "smoke ringukal" "ennu vilikkunnu) undaayirunnu". aeronotica naasiyonal republicanayil sevanamanushtichavar mothatthil irunda pacha (ekadesham karupp) niratthil varachappol mattullavar "tropical" paatteninte vyathiyaanam sweekarikkukayo rlm 74,75, rlm 76 neelaykku mukalil gee/pacha enniva adangiya jarmman "splintar paatten" adisthaanamaakkiyulla oru marachuveppu paatten vahikkukayo cheythu.
aapekshika prakadanam.
thaazhepparayunnavayaanu c.205-nte moonnu pathippukalude aapekshika prakadanavum savisheshathakalum (allengil m c.205, castoldi roopakalppana cheytha yanthrangale palappozhum vilikkunnathupole):
eee kanakkukal oro vakabhedathinteyum aapekshika prakadanatthinte soochana nalkunnundengilum, sareerabhaaram vardhichathinte falamaayi (prathyekichu kayarumbol) "ooriyoon", prathyekichu enn2, baadhichu ennu kaanikkunnundengilum, avaa vyathyastha pareekshana saahacharyangalil labhichathinaal yadhaarthathil prathinideekarikkunnilla. rund enn pathippukalil ninnu vyathyasthamayi, "veltro" anuyojyamaaya saahacharyangalil pareekshichu, athaayath.iii. bharam kuranjathum (3,250 kilogram/7,170 poundu) poornnamaaya adiyanthara shakthiyodukoodiyathum (2,750 rpm). 6, 000 meter (19,700 adii) kayarumbol, poornnamaayum sajjeekarichathum 2,600 arpmil poratta (adiyanthiramalla) vaidyuthi upayogikkunnathumaaya oru "veltro III" seereesinu 7 minitt aavasyamaanu.
uthppaadanam.
moolyanirnnaya parishodhanakalude avasaanathil, 250 vimaanangalude aadya oordarumaayi aii. dii. 1 seerees nirmmaanam aarambhichu. aadyathe aii. dii. 1 1942 septambaril faaktariyil ninnu purappettu. enchinukaludeyum thanthraparamaaya vasthukkaludeyum kuravu kaaranam ulppaadana vegatha valare mandagathiyilaayirunnu (prathimasam ekadesham 12 yanthrangal), 1943 juunil maathramaan 100 yudhavimaanangalude aadya baachu poortthiyaakkaan mckick kazhinjathu. uthppaadanam 177 udaaharanangalil ethaan septambar vare samayameduthu, athil 146 ennam "reejiya aeronotica" unitukalkku kaimari.
pravartthana charithram.
kanni parakkalin anchu maasathinu sesham maathramaan aidi1 uthppaadanathilekku praveshichathu, 1943 februvariyil munnira yoonittukalil ethaan thudangi. epril avasaanathode, paanteleriya aasthaanamaayulla 1° "stoom" medittareniyan samudra, vyoma kappalukale tunisiayilekkum puratthekkum kondupookunna aidi1> upayogichu pravarthanamaarambhicha aadya yoonittaan. avarude aadya parakkalinide, 22 c.205 curtis pii-40kaludeyum supermerine spittfayarukaludeyum niravadhi roopeekaranagalkkethire valare nalla falangalumaayi ettumutti. adutha kurachu maasangalil, "rejia aeronotica" yude <aii. dii. 1] akkaalat meditareniyanil nilayurappichirunna 4,000 anubandha vimaanangalil chilathumayi niravadhi pradhana edapedalukalil earppettirunnu.
meyy avasaanathode, paanteleriyayude durbalata kaaranam, 1° "stoom" sisiliyile sigonella airfieldilekkum ragusaykku 15 kilometer thekk-kizhakk phenochiarayude cheria airstrippilekkum maatti. 1943 juun 8 nuu, 1° "stoom"-ll ninnulla 15 c.205s moonnu torpido bomberukale akambadiyode ayal kappalukale aakramichu, avaa paanteleriyayude prathirodhatthil shellakramanam nadathukayaayirunnu. juun avasaanathode, "stoom" nuu inii upayogayogyamaaya "veltrose" illaayirunnu. juun 24 nuu, 1° "stoom" sisiliyil ninnu osoppoyilekkum pinneedu ronchi deyy lejionariyilekkum purappettu, pakaram 4° "stoom" vannu. kurachu pailattumaar udeenilekk madangiyethiyappol bakkiyulla vimanangal mattu yoonittukalil chernnu.
1943 januvariyil aphrica vitta 4° "stoom", campophormido (10° "grupo"), brezzo (9° "grupo") ennee vyomaathirthikalil maachi <aii. dii. 2>, <aii. dii. 1> enniva upayogichu veendum sajjeekarichu. pinneedu athu roome-campino vimaanathaavalathilekk maatti. 1943 juulai 9 nuu (sisiliyile sakhyasenayude adhiniveshathinte thalennu), 10 "veltrose", 38 "folgorukal" (oru itaaliyan yoonittilum "veltrose" maathram sajjeekarichittilla) ennivayude poorakamaaya 4° "stoom" kaattaaniya samathalathe adisthaanamaakkiyullathaayinu. pinneedu ithinu 10 c.205s nte oru baachu koodi labhichu. itaaliyan pailattumaar prathidinam aarr parakkalukal vare paratthiyenkilum juulai 14 nuu, aadyathe sakhyakakshikalaya paratroopermaar kaattaaniya samathalathil erangiyathode, naalo ancho kedupaadukal sambhavicha aidi 1 nuu theeyittathinethudarnnu 4° "stoom" kaalaabriyayile krottoon airfieldilekku pinwangan nirbandhithanaayi.
51° "stoom" sardiniyayil (august 2 leeii yudhathinu purame) kurachu vijayathode poraadi, pakshe prathyekichu juulai avasaanathilum august thudakkathilum kanatha nashtam nerittu.
3° kodunkaattu seey.tii.tenant colonello" taitto falconiyude neethrthwathil "veltro" yudhathil paratthaanum avasaram labhichu. servetteri airstrip adisthaanamaakkiyulla aaa samayat, roome, 83eiii, 85eiii, 95eiii "squadriglia", 18° "groupo" (3° "stoom") ennivaye prathirodhikkunna chumathalaykk ellaavarkkum niravadhi c.205s labhichu. commander falconi avare ettavum pramukha pailattumaraaya "sergent magior" luigi gorini "," tenante "franco bordoni-bisleri", "maraciallo" guido fibia ennivarkku niyogichu.
laattiyathin mukaliloode aakaashat american bomber vimaanangaleyum poraalikaleyum thadayaan 3° "stoom" puthiya tharam phalapradamaayi upayogichu.
"maachi yudhavimaanathinu chila mikacha gunangalundaayirunnu, itaaliyan pailattumaar manikkooril 644 kilometer (400 mile) vegathayulla vimanam paramavadhi upayogichu."
randaam lokamahaayudhathile ettavum mikacha britiish faittar pailattumaaril oralaaya group kyapttan dankaan-smith dii. ezz. oo. dii. eph. sii mckey itaaliyan airmanmaareyum bahumaanichu.
athinte mungaamikaleppole, aadyathe "veltrose" vendathra aayudhadhaarikalaayirunnil, pakshe vimanam palappozhum yudhathil mikacha prakadanam kaazhchavechirunnu. thanikk ariyaavunna ettavum mikacha itaaliyan poraaliyaanu" ennaanu aidi1 ennu guido kaarestiyaatto paranjathu. c.205 easu luigi gorini 19 allengil 24 vijayangal nedi (pakaramaayi, addeham naalo ancho thavana parajayappettu). 1943 joolaiyil gorini 12 vijayangal nedi, avayil palathum "veltro" yumayi.
paanteleriyayude yuddham.
1° thekkan itaaliyan vyomathaavalathin mail pooraadunna aadyathe "veltrose" stomroikku krithyasamayathu labhichu. swathanthramaaya patrollingil, pradeshathu shatru vimaanangale thadayaanulla shramathil 24 "veltrose" (uthppaadippichavayilellam ekadesham <aii. dii. 1>), ombathu folgorukal enniva wing vinyasichu.
1943 epril 20 nuu cap bone cap mustafa thammil patrolling nadathumbol, itaaliyan poraalikal paanteleriyaykku 35 kilometer (22 mile) padinjaraayi oru valia shatru roopeekaranam kandu. itaaliyanmaar vimaanangalude nambarukal adaykkaan thudangi. thaazhnna thalatthil parannukondirunna 1,92,417,601 suff schwadronukal, ennaal 145 schwadronukalulla aarr poolish pailattumaar uyarnna cover parathunnathu avare athbhuthappeduthi. iva mattu spittfayarukalumaayi chernnu, 33 makkikal 60 spittfayarukalumaayi (pradhaanamaayum emm. keey. vii. sii., orupakshe emm. keey. vii. aii. aii. ezz, aii. aii. ezz. ezz) pooraadunnu. itaaliyan pailattumaar 15 vijayangal avakashappettu (onnu 500 raundu vediyuthirtha "maraciallo" baskiroto), 14 spittfayarukal kadalil thakarkkukayum mattonn aafrikkan mannil thakarkkukayum cheythu.
ennirunnaalum, eee pooraattatthinte mattoru vishakalanam kaanikkunnath, "rejia aeronotica" pailattumaar epril 20 nuu motham 17 vimanangal avakaashappedukayum eee ettumuttalil 15 spittfayarukal thakarthathaayi avakaashappedukayum cheythu; itaaliyan graundu nireekshakar 14 vimanangal kadalilo karayilo thakarunnath kandathayi avakaashappedunnundenkum, 145 chathurashra kilometer visthruthiyulla drekkiyil ninnu flug vazhi paratthiya oru spittfayar maathrame kanatha kedupaadukal varuthiyulloo. pakaram, moonnu c.205vs nashtappettu. i yude bf 109s ennathinulla saadhyathayum undu./jeji77 eee edapazhakalilaanu pankedutthathu.
anubandha rekhakal rund c.205vs ("tenantti" andreoli, fanelli) maathramaan thakarnnathenn report cheiyunnu, mattonn cap boninu sameepam adiyanthara landing nadatthi, chila srothassukal rund nashtangalum mattullava moonnum udharikkunnathu enthukondaanennu vishadeekarikkunnu, ennaal aafrikkan mannil sparshicha oreyoru vimanam eee vimanam "veltro" ayirunno atho "folgor" ayirunno enna kaaryatthil chila samshayangalundu. kuranjathu oru maachiyenkilum kedaakukayum pailattin parikkelkkukayum cheythu. athupole, itaaliyan avakaashavaadangal sakhya schwadron reportukalil rekhappeduthiyittulla oru nashtavumaayi poruthappedunnilla.
capo pulayude yuddham.
1943 august 2 nuu rund britiish beaufitermaare vadhichu, itaaliyanmaar oru kaant z.506 "ayaroon" vimaanathe naalu c.205vs noppam oru thirachilum rakshaapravarthana dauthyathinaayi ayachu. oru koottam pii-40kall <aii. dii. 1> aakramichu, ennaal "veltrose" prathirodham uyarthiyengilum, oru american poraali <aii. dii. 1> ll thakarnn iruvarum kadalil veenu.
12 pii-38 vimanangal akambadiyode usafinte thirachilum rakshaapravarthanavum pii. bii. aii kaataleena dauthyavum sthaapichu. enniyo tarantolayude neethrthwathil 51° "stoom" yude c.202, c.205s enniva eee parakkal thadanju. kanatha kadal saahacharyangalil oru propeller blade thakartthathinaal sardinian theerathinaduthulla uparithalathil kaataleena athbhuthappettu. italikkaar 12 pii-38 kaleyum thakarthathaayi avakashappettu, athesamayam amerikkakkar axis poraalikalkkethire moonno naalo vijayangal nashtappedaathe avakashappettu. tarantolayude adutha suhruthaaya "maraciallo" biyanchiyude kaattaleenayum c.202 umm maathrame vedivachittulloo ennu pilkkala rekhakal kaanikkunnu.
tarantola avakaashappedunna pii-38-kalkkethiraaya rando moonno vijayangalkk labhyamaya oru daattayum pinthunaykkunnilla; ennirunnaalum, takarnna pailattumaare tirayan amerikkakkar kooduthal saar dauthyangal nadatthiyilla. kadalil ninnulla prathikoola saahacharyangal, theeradesha baattari fayar, shatru vimanangal ennivayil ninnu rakshappettavare rakshichathinu captanu dsc nalkia royal neviyude oru athivega kappalin nandi, strifing vazhi kollapetta oru cruman ozhike, kaattaleenayile kroo rakshapettu.
romine prathirodhikkuka.
1943 madhyathil, gorinic 3° stomyilekku vitharanam cheytha moonnu c.205s-ll onnu labhichu (mattu randennam mattu esukalkku, "tenent" franco bordoni bisleri, "maraciallo" guido fibia ennivaykku nalki). aarr aazhchakalkkullil, "defessa dii roma" yill, gorini ettavum kooduthal score nediya pailattaayi; vedinirthal karar prakaram, addeham moonnu ekeekritha bii-24 liberatormaar, moonnu lockheed pii-38 minnalukal (moonnu kedupaadukal), rund bii-17 kall, rund spittfayarukal enniva avakashappettu.
aadhunika vimaanangalude kuravu kanakkileduthu, "veltrose" polulla kooduthal noothanamaaya yudhavimaanangal saadhaaranayaayi mikacha parakkunnavarkkum vittoriyo mingusi polulla ettavum parichayasambannaraaya pailattumarkkum nalkiyirunnu.
vedinirthalinu sesham.
1943 septambar 8 nuu italiyum sakhya sayudha sena thammilulla vedinirthal samayat, "rejia aeronotica" nuu 177 "veltrose" labhichirunnu, ennaal 66 ennam maathrame ippozhum upayogikkaan kazhiyumayirunnulloo. ithil aarr ennam itaaliyan saha-yudhavimaanasenayil sevanamanushtikkunnathinayi anubandha vyomathaavalangalilekku parannu.
aeronotica naasiyonal republicana.
motham 29 c.205s vadakkan vyomaathirthikalilethi, avaa itaaliyan soshyal republic eyar fozhsu (anr-"aeronotica naasiyonal republicana") upayogichu.
1944 meyy maasathil sakhyakakshikalude bombakramanam moolam uthppaadanam nirtthivaykkunnathinu munbu moonnaam seereesile sheshikkunna 72 vimanangal maachi nirmmichu. yudhaviraamathinu sheshamulla vimana ulppaadanathekkurichulla sthithivivarakkanakkukal vyakthamallathathum apoornnavumaanu.
pothuve, irs sevanathil c.205s nannayi poraadi avaa ekeekritha upakaranangalulla unitukalumaayi gadippichirikkunnu, allengil kuranjathu thaarathamyappeduthaavunna gunanilavaramullathum jarmman radar steshanukalude maarganirdeshaprakaaramullathu. ennathil kuravaanengilum sakhyakakshikalaya bomber vimanangalkkum poraalikalkkum nashtam varuthunnathil avar vijayam nedi.
jarmman chihnamullah aeronotica naasiyonal republicanayude aadya vyomayudham 1944 januvari 3 nuu nadannu. itaaliyan easu "capitano" adriano visconti nayikkunna c.205s, boying bii-17 flying kottakalude roopeekaranavum avarude lockheed pii-38 lightnings escort willer perosayile bombing rivi faaktarikalum thadanju.
januvari 24nuu maachi 205 fruliyile rund thaavalangalilekku maatti. januvari 28nuu, ippol itaaliyan adayaalangalulla c.205s, avarude aadyathe naalu enchin american bombaraaya bii-24 libarettare vedivechidunnathil vijayichu. eee vyomavijayathinte bahumati easu viscondy wingman "serjant" maarkonsiniyaanu.
udin aasthaanamaayulla 1° "grupo" yill kurachu "veltrose" sajjeekarichirunnu. oru ezhuthukaaran parayunnathanusarichu
chila "veltrose" visensa aasthaanamaayulla 3° "grupo" yilekkum vitharanam cheythu, athesamayam mattu cheria unitukaliludaneelam "veltrose" chitharikkidannu. 
"rejia aeronotica" kku maachi c.205n nekkurichu mosham abhipraayamundaayirunnu, ithu kayarumbol amithamaayi choodaakkappedunnu.
1° "grupo" sii.tii. campophormido airfield aasthaanamaayulla aarenaaril c.205 sajjeekarichirunnu. athinte aadya pravartthanam, januvari 3 nuu, pettennu thanne oru apratheekshitha praharathode aarambhichu itaaliyan faittar pailattumaar naalu pii-38 minnalukal vedivachu. februvari 25-oode, 1° "grupo" sii.tii. onpathu tholvikalkku 26 vijayangal report cheythu. march 11nuu angeyattam kadutha vyomayudham nadannu. itaaliyanmaar thangalkkayi 12 vijayangal avakaashappettuvenkilum 1st Lt boscutty ulppede avarude swantham moonnu pailattumaar nashtappettu, oru american pii-38 lighting pailat thante yudhavimaanathil ninnu rakshappedukayum paarachoottil thoongikkidakkukayum cheythathine thudarnnu kollappettu. march 18 nuu, 1° "grupo" sii yill ninnu 30 <aii. dii. 1>.tii. koodaathe, aii. dii. 1ll ninnulla 60 bii. eph 109 umm 450 oolam sakhya bomberukalumaayum avarude escortukalumaayum chernnu kuranjathu naalu shatru vimaanangaleyenkilum vedivechidukayum cheythu. paarachoottil thoongimarichukondu pii-38 pailat aduthuninnu addehathinu nere vediyuthirthappol sakaria veendum kollappettu.
1944 eprilil sakhyakakshikalude bombakramanam mikka maachi, phiyatt soukaryangalum nashippichu, ithu yudhavimaanangalude uthppaadanam avasaanippichu. uthppaadanam thadassappettathode, itaaliyanmaar avarude moonnu grouppukale bf 109-kall upayogichu eathaandu poornnamaayum sajjamakkaan nirbandhitharaayi, pradhaanamaayum jarmmankaar bf 109jii-6, bf 109keey-4 kall ennivayulppede avarude mikacha modalukal vaagdaanam cheyyaan thidukkappettathinaal. sakhyakakshikal itaaliyan saha-yudhavimaanasenayodu (aii. sii. eiii. eph) udaaratha kaanichirunnilla, koodaathe naveekaricha chila <aii. dii. 1> ulppedeyulla "veltrose" pathukke kaalaharanapetta pii-39 kalum spittfayarukalum upayogichu maattisthaapichu, pakshe 1944 venalkkaalathin munballa.
luftwaff sevanathil.
luftwaff II.jeji 77-nte group october muthal 1943 desember vare rund maasathekku abhyarthicha c.205vs upayogichaanu pravarthichathu, jarmman yoonit puthiya bf 109-kall upayogichu veendum sajjeekarichirunnu. athinaal idatharam fuselage itaaliyan velutha vara adayaalangalil karutha kurisukalulla c.205s-nte photokalundu. jarmmankaarkk aii. dii. 1 nekkurichu utsaahakkuravundaayirunnu, 1943 leeii vasanthakaalathe aadyakaala vilayiruthalukalil avar sarikkum mathippulavaakkiyilla. 1943 november 25-leeii keey. tii. bii (histtari dayari) pejil paraamarshamunda "groupinu 23 maachi undu, 11 perr poraadaan thayyaaraan. moorchayulla thirivukalil niyanthranam nashtappedaanulla pravanatha ozhike, maachi vegathayeriyathum nalla parakkal savisheshathakalullathumaanu. athinte radio shakthamaanenkilum pravartthanatthil vishwasaneeyamallaathathinaal poralikku poraaymayundu. indhanam niraykkalum punarnirmmaana prakriya mandagathiyilullathum budhimuttullathumaanu, poraalikale sajjamakkaan valareyadhikam samayamedukkum. innathe dauthyam 17 makkikal upayogichaanu nirmmichathu, radio niyanthrana prasnangal kaalathamasam varuthi, shathruvine thadayaatheyaanu dauthyam avasaanichathu."
hrasvamaaya jarmman upayogathil, itaaliyan vimaanangalil upayogikkunna vipareeta throttil moolamundaakunna apakadangalil kuranjathu anchu nashtangalenkilum veltrosinu undaayittund (jarmman, anubandha yudhavimaanangalil "ooppan throttil" sthaanam munnottaan, pinnilalla, ithu niravadhi pishakukalude uravidamaayirunnu). 1943 septambar 27nuu albenkaik sameepamaan aadyathe nashtam sambhavichathu. eee apakadangalil rund jarmman pailattumaar kollappedukayum mattullavarkk parikkelkkukayum cheythu. maruvashathu, oru vyomayudham maathrame rekhappeduthiyittulla, athil jarmmankaar kuranjathu oru pii-38 umm rund saadhyathayullathum (1 desember 1943) avakashappettu.
II nuu sesham.jeji 77-ll puthiya bf 109-kall sajjeekarichirunnu, c.205s itaaliyan unitukalilekku ayachu. chila veltrokal jeji 53 vazhi kondupoyi.
croatian sevanathil.
1944ll swatantra rajyamaaya croatiayile vyomasenayil "sarkoplovsto nesavisne drsaway harvaatske" (zndh) enna peril oru cheria baachu c.205s sevanamanushtichirunnavi croatian "veltrose" kurachu parakkal parannu, taamasiyaathe yugoslavian aakaashat koottamkoodiya sakhyasenaanikalude thiramalakalaal avar keezhadangi. 1944 juun 30 nuu, kizhakkan frond vettarans (mejar josip helebrant, oberluttenant lujuvettu "lujo" bensettik, feldwebel bosidar "bosco" bartulovic) paratthiya moonnu maachi aduthide ethi, maachi <aii. dii. 2> leeii moonnu parichayamillaattha pailattumaarodoppam, naasi germmaniyile raasa plaantukalude sthaanam, yudhathadavukaarude (poow) kyaambukal, nirbandhitha thozhil kyaambukal ennivayude sthaanam, blechamarilekku pookunna usafinte pathinanchaamatthe vyomasena bomberukale thadayaan purappettu. maachikal usaf bombermare avarude escorting poraalikaleyum aakramichu, 5-aamm efs/52-aamm efji pii-51 mastaangukal beloverinu mukaliloode, ennaal itaaliyan nirmmitha vimaanangalil anchu bombarinte prathirodha vedivayppilum mastaangilum vedivachu. bensettik maathram-15 killukalude anthima skorulla oru easu, addehathinte "veltro" sagrebile bays vare madangaan vijayichu. helebrantum bartulovich rakshappedukayum yudhathil ninnu rakshappedukayum cheythu, yathaakramam 11 umm ettu umm kollappettu.
yudhaanantharakaalam.
1948-1949 kaalayalavil eejipthin 62 naveekaricha c.205vs labhichu, athil 41 ennam c.202 airframeukalil ninnu parivartthanam cheythu. 1948 meyy maasathil ettu c.205v, 16 c.202 enniva naveekarikkukayum 1949 februvariyil moonnu brand nyoo, 15 ex-emm c.202, meyy maasathil mattoru 10 mc.205,10 meter c.202 enniva naveekarikkukayum cheythu. eee avasana karar anthimamaakkiyitla, 1948 leeii arab israel yudhathinte (1948-49) avasaanam, poraalikale aeronotica milittar itaaliyan (amii)-nuu kaimari. eejipt 19 <aii. dii. 1> umm syria 16 umm oordar cheythu, ellaam puthuthayi nirmmichavayaanu.
puthiya "veltrose" poornnamaayum sajjeekarichirikkumbol "folgor" parivartthanangalil rund 12.7 emm breda mesheen gannukal maathrame undaayirunnulloo. muzhuvan nirmmaanathileyum ettavum bharam kuranja parambarayaayirunnu avaa, thalphalamaayi mikacha prakadanam kaazhchavechenkilum avar valare kuranja aayudhadhaarikalaayirunnu. 1948leeii arab-israel yuddham avasaanikkunnathin munbu israel vyomasenaykkethiraaya hraswa poraattam kandu motham 15 makkikal eejipthilekk kaimari. israeli lakshyangalkkethiraya nilathuninnulla akramanangalil underving bomb raakkukal gadippicha chila veltrose upayogichirunnu. 1949 januvari 7 nuu oru c.205 israeli pii-51dii mustang avakashappettu. joolaiyil yudhathinte avasaanathode rando moonno veltrose iaf poraalikal avakaashappedukayum aarr ennam attakuttappanikal nadakkukayum cheythu.
israel, arab raajyangalkk aaa samayat vitharanam cheythirunna italiyil israel rahasya sevanangal bombakramanam nadatthi. 1947 februvari 15nuu romil ninnu take oof cheythathinu thottupinnaale oru aii. dii. 1 vimanam orupakshe attimariyiloode nasippikkappettu. oru eejipshyan rajakumary niravadhi raashtreeyakkaarum oru itaaliyan rahasyaanveshana udyogasthanum vimaanathilundaayirunnu. thudarnnulla bomb spodanam 1948 septambar 18 nuu venegoneyil nadannu; oru hangerinu niravadhi spotaka upakaranangal kedupaadukal varuthi, moonnu aii. dii. 2 umm maachi soukaryangalil onnu aii. dii. 1 umm nashippichu. poornnamaayum thakarkkappedaatha haangaril eejipthilekk uddeshichirunna niravadhi veltrose undaayirunnu. eejipt oordar cheytha ellah aii. dii. 1.-lum naalu breda (12.7 emm. emm) mesheen gannukalundaayirunnu, avaa puthiyavayaayirunnu; 16 ennam single seettarukalum moonnu ennam eratta seaterukalumaayirunnu. syria pathinaar <aii. dii. 1> (ellah single seettarukalum) oordar cheythu.
emm/snc ivayaayirunnu maachi aadya baachu 1201-1224; randaamathe baachu, 1225-1242. phiyatt g.55a 91214-91220,91225-91229,91221-91224 (g.55b rund seettukal).
avasaanathe veltrose 1951-ll vitharanam cheythu, 1950-kalude pakuthi vare pradhaanamaayum nambar 2 chathurashra kilometerilaanu eee poraali sevanamanushtichathu. avasana baachu, 20 veltrose (10 ex-mc.202, aarr veltro sr.3 umm 4 umm ezz. aarr.i) 1951 meyy 29 vare delivarikal thudarnnukondu amiye niyogichu. ghattam ghattamaayulla prakriya ethrayum vegathilaayirunnu, kaaranam veltroyil ninnu audyogika ghattam ghattamayi purathukadakkunna samayat (1951 oode) puthiya anglo-american jettu faittarukal athishayakaramaamvidham kuranja chelavil labhyamaayirunnu, ennirunnaalum avasaanathe mc.205 1955 ll ghattam ghattamayi nirthalaakkappettu. 1948 ll "folgor" rajisttar oof cheythu, aaa c.202 airframeukal veltrosaayi parivartthanam cheythu.
oru anubandha testt pailattinte abhiprayam.
cheef neval testt pailattum royal aircraft estaablishmentint pidicheduttha shatru vimana parakkalinte commanding offeesarumaaya kyapttan eric braun, veltro pareekshichappol avar engane mathippulavaakkiyenn oormmippichu. "njaan paratthiya ettavum mikacha vimaanangalilonnaanu maachi emm. sii... 205. ooo, sundariyaayaval. ivide ningalkk itaaliyan stylinginteyum jarmman enchineeyaringinteyum thikanja samyojanam undaayirunnu. dimeler benz db 605 aanu ithinu karuth pakarnnathenn njaan vishwasikkunnu. parakkunnath sarikkum santhoshakaramaayirunnu, oppam sakhyakakshikalude paripaadiyile enthum. ennaal veendum, italikkaar keezhadangunnathinu thottumumbaanu ithu vannath, athinaal ithu orikkalum vyaapakamaayi upayogichilla. njangal athil pareekshanangal nadathukayum ettavum aakarshikkappedukayum cheythu. kokkpitt cheruthaanenkilum bf 109 pole moshamayirunnilla."
vakabhedangal.
parimithamaaya uthppaadanavum sevana jeevithavum ullathinaal, c.205 kurachu mattangal maathrame kandulloo. aadyathe 100 udaaharanangalkk sesham, chirakil gadippicha 7.7 emm (. 303 inch) mesheen gannukalkk pakaram 20 emm emji 151 peeranki upayogichu.
athijeevichavar.
moonnu veltrose innu nilanilkkunnu, avayilonnu parakkunna avasthayilekku punasthaapikkukayum 1986 avasaanam vare niravadhi vyoma pradarshanangalil pankedukkukayum cheythu.
samrakshikkappedunna ellah c.205s umm c.202s-nte bhagangal c.205s-nte bhagangalumaayi kalarthiya sankarayinangalaanu.
mm.91818" (rajistreshan emm 9327 vahikkunnu), milaanile naashanal museum oof sayans aandu teknolajiyil pradarshippichittundu. 1981ll itaaliyan vyomasena phiyatt, ermachi ennivayumaayi chernnu punarudhaarana pravartthanangal poortthiyaakki.
mattu randennam vigna dii vaaleyile museo storikko deleronotica milittareyil pradharshippichirikkunnu.
"mm.9546" oru mc.205 aayi pradarshippikkukayum "mm.92166" oru mc.202 aayi pradarshippikkukayum cheiyunnu.
2006 novemberil takarnna oru aii. dii. 1-nte enchinum kokkpittum 8 meter bhoogarbhathil kandethi, pailat ippozhum corresola thante irippidathilaanu.
rominte palasso deleronoticaic purathu oru c.205 replica mattonn volandia paarkkilum visola tisinoyile museum oof flaittilum kaanam.