prolaaktin

lactotropin ennum ariyappedunna prolaaktin (prl) sasthanikale paal uthppaadippikkunnathil athinte punk ariyappedunna oru proteinaan. manushyar ulppede vividha kasherukkalil 300-ladhikam vyathyastha prakriyakalil ithu swaadheenam cheluthunnu. bhakshanam kazhikkuka, inacheruka, eestrajan chikitsa, andotpaadanam, nazhsing ennivaykku marupadiyaayi pityoottari grandhiyil ninnu prolaaktin sravikkappedunnu. eee sambhavangalkkidayil ithu payarvarggangalil valareyadhikam sravikkappedunnu. metabolism, rogaprathirodha samvidaanathinte niyanthranam, pancreatic vikasanam ennivayil prolaaktin oru pradhana punk vahikkunnu.
1930-ll ooskaar riddle manushyarallaatha mrugangalil kandethukayum 1970-ll henry frisen manushyaril sthireekarikkukayum cheytha prolaaktin "prl" jeane encode cheytha oru pepttaid hormon.
sasthanikalil, prolaaktin paal ulppaadanavumaayi bandhappettirikkunnu; malsyangalil ithu jalathinteyum uppinteyum santhulithaavasthayude niyanthranavumayi bandhappettirikkunnave karuthappedunnu. prolaaktin saitokin polulla reethiyilum rogaprathirodha samvidaanathinte oru pradhana niyanthrana samvidaanamaayum pravartthikkunnu. valarcha, vyathyasam, aanti-apoptotic gadakamenna nilayil ithinu koshachakravumaayi bandhapetta pradhana pravarthanangalundu. saitokin polulla resepterukalumaayi bandhippikkunna oru valarchaa ghadakam enna nilayil, ithu hematopoisisineyum angiogenesisineyum swaadheenikkukayum niravadhi vazhikaliloode raktham kattapidikkunnath niyanthrikkunnathil earppedukayum cheiyunnu. prolaaktin resepteriloodeyum niravadhi saitokin resepterukaliloodeyum hormon endocrine, autocrine, paracrine reethikalil pravartthikkunnu.
hypothalaamasile endocrine neuronukalaanu pityoottari prolaaktin sravam niyanthrikkunnath. ivayil ettavum pradhanam dopamine (eiii.) sravikkunna arcuate nucleusinte neurosecrettari tuberoinfundiblum (tida) neuronukalaanu.keey.eiii. prolakttin inhibittari hormon) lactotrophukalude dii 2 resepterukalil pravartthikkukayum ithu prolakttin sravathe thadayukayum cheiyunnu. thyrotropine-release cheiyunna hormon prolaaktin releasine uthejippikkunnu, ennirunnaalum prolaaktin maathramaan munkaala pityoottari hormon, athinte pradhana niyanthranam inhibittari aanu.
oro speesheesilum niravadhi vakabhedangalum roopangalum ariyappedunnu. pala malsyangalkkum "prolaaktin eiii", "prolaaktin bii" ennee vakabhedangalundu. manushyar ulppedeyulla mikka kasherukkalkkum adutha bandhamullah somaattolaaktin undu. manushyaril, moonnu cheria (4,16,23 keey. dii. eiii), niravadhi valia (valuthum valuthum ennu vilikkappedunna) vakabhedangal nilavilundu.
pravartthanam.
manushyaril.
prolaaktin palatharam phalangal nalkunnu. ithu sthanaarbudangale paal ulppaadippikkaan uthejippikkunnu (mulayoottal): garbhaavasthayil prolaaktinte vardhicha serem saandrata sthanaarbudangalude valarchaykku kaaranamaakukayum paal ulppaadanathinu thayyaaredukkukayum cheiyunnu, ithu saadhaaranayaayi garbhaavasthayude avasaanathode projestroninte alavu kurayukayum oru mulayoottal uthejakamundaavukayum cheyyumbol aarambikkunnu. ammayude perumaattatthil prolaaktin oru pradhana punk vahikkunnu.
sasthanikaludeyum adiposinteyum koshangalile lipid samanvayathe prolaaktin vyathyasthamayi baadhikkunnuvenn elikalilum aadukalilum kaanichittundu. bromocryptin moolamundaakunna prolaaktinte kuravu adipositukalile lipogenesis insulin prathikaranasheshiyum vardhippikkukayum sastani grandhiyil avaa kuraykkukayum cheythu.
pothuve, dopamine prolaakttine thadayunnu, ennaal eee prakriyaykku feedback samvidaanangalundu.
prolaaktinte uyarnna alavu laingika hormonukalude alavu kuraykkunnu-sthreekalil eestrajan purushanmaaril testostironum. sthreekalil, eestrajan alavu ganyamaayi vardhippikkukayo kurayukayo cheiyunna, prolaaktinte alavu cheruthaayi uyarunnathinte phalangal valare vyathyaasappettirikkunnu.
prolaakttine chilappol gonadotropin ennu tharamthirichittundenkum manushyaril ithinu durbalamaaya lutotropic prabhavam maathrameyulloo, athesamayam classical gonadotropic hormonukale adichamarthunnathinte phalam kooduthal pradhaanamaan. saadhaarana reference srenikalkkullile prolaaktin oru durbalamaaya gonadotropin aayi pravartthikkumenkilum athe samayam gonadotropin-release cheiyunna hormon sravathe adichamarthunnu. gonadotropin-release cheiyunna hormone thadayunna krithyamaaya samvidaanam shariyaayi manassilakkiyitla. elii hypothalaamasil prolaaktin resepterukalude aavishkaaram prakadamaayittundenkilum, gonadotropin-release cheiyunna hormon neuronukalil ithu nireekshikkappettilla. purushanmaaril prolaakttinte physiological alavu leadig koshangalile lutainising hormon-resepterukale vardhippikkunnu, ithu testostiron sravathinu kaaranamaakunnu, ithu beejajananathilekku nayikkunnu.
oligodendrosite precarsor koshangalude vyaapanavum prolaaktin uthejippikkunnu. eee koshangal kendra naadeevyavasthayile aaksonukalil mailin coatingukal roopappedunnathinu utharavaadikalaaya koshangalaaya oligodendrocyteukalaayi verthirikkunnu.
garbhaavasthayude avasaanathil garbhapindatthinte shwaasakoshathinte pulmonary sarfaktant sinthasisinum garbhaavasthayil maathrujeeviyude garbhapindatthinte rogaprathirodha sahishnuthaykkum sambhavana nalkunnathu mattu pravarthanangalil ulppedunnu. prolakttin maathru, garbhapinda thalachorile neurogenesis prothsaahippikkunnu.
sangeetha manahshaasthrathil, oru vyakthikk dukkham thonnumbol hormon alavu vardhikkukayum aashvaasakaramaaya maanasika phalam srishtikkukayum cheiyunnathinaal dukhakaramaaya samgeethathekkurichulla aanandakaramaaya daaranaykku prolaaktin oru punk vahikkumennu anumaanikkappedunnu.
mattu kasherukkalil.
malsyathile prolaakttinte praadhamika pravartthanam ausmorgulation aanu, athaayath.iii.malsyathinte koshangalkkum chuttumulla vellathinum idayil vellathinteyum lavanangaludeyum chalanam niyanthrikkuka. ennirunnaalum, sasthanikaleppole, malsyangalile prolaaktinum laingika pakwata prolsaahippikkunnathum prajnana chakrangale prerippikkunnathum, athupole thanne valarthalum maathaapithaakkalude paricharanavum ulppede prathyulpaadana pravarthanangalundu. thekke american discussil, larva frike bhakshanam nalkunna charmma sravathinte ulppaadanavum prolaaktin niyantrikkaam. kozhikalil prolaaktin moolamundaakunna valarthal perumaattatthil vardhanavu report cheyyappettittund.
prolaaktinum athinte resepterum charmmatthil, prathyekichu romakoopangalil prakadippikkunnu, avide avaa mudi valarchayum oottoo craine reethiyil moulting niyanthrikkunnu. uyarnna alavilulla prolaaktin mudi valarchaye thadassappeduthukayum prolaaktin jeenile noock-outtu mutationukal kannukaalikalilum elikalilum mudiyude neelam vardhippikkukayum cheiyunnu. neremarichu, prolaaktin resepterile mutationukal mudi valarcha kuraykkaan kaaranamakum, ithu kannukaalikalil "slick" phenotypine kaaranamaakunnu. koodaathe, prolaaktin elikalil mudi veendum valarunnathinu thadassam srishtikkunnu.
sasthanikalude mudi valarchayilum chorichililum athinte falangalkku samaanamaayi, pakshikalile prolaaktin thoovalukalude moulting tarkkikalilum kozhikalilum thoovalukalude thudakkathile praayavum niyanthrikkunnu.
elikalil, oru sthriye vandhyamkaranamulla aankuttiyumaayi inacherumbol seudopregency sambhavikkam. eee inacheral prolaakttinte dainamdina kuthichuchaattathinu kaaranamakum, ithu saadhaaranayaayi elikalude garbhakaalath sambhavikkum. prolaaktin vardhanavu projestroninte sravathinu thudakkamidunnu, ithu garbham nilanirthukayum athinaal seudopregency aarambikkukayum cheyyum. garbhatthinte thettaaya paripalanam garbhasthashishuvinte abhaavathil garbhatthinte baahya shaareerika lakshanagal kaanikkunnu.
elikalil praayapoorthiyaakumbol saadhaarana sastani grandhiyude vikasanathinu prolaaktin risapttar aaktiveshan athyaavasyamaanu. muthirnna kanyakayaaya penn prolakttin risapttar nokkautt elikalkku avayude vanyamaaya tharatthilulla athiraalikale apekshichu valare cheruthum vikasithamallathathumaaya sastani grandhikalundu. elikalil garbhaavasthayil sastani grandhikalude pakwathaykku prolaaktin, prolaaktin risapttar signalling ennivayum athyaavasyamaanu.
niyanthranam.
manushyaril, prolaaktin kuranjathu muun pityoottari, desiduva, myometrium, breast, lymphocyteukal, leukositeukal, prostettu ennivayil ulpaadippikkappedunnu.
pityoottari.
pityoottari prolaaktin niyanthrikkunnath pitt-1 transcription gadakamaanu, ithu oru proximal promoter ulppede niravadhi sthalangalil jeenumaayi bandhippikkunnu. eee promoter dopamine thadayukayum eestrajan, neuropeptideukal, valarchaa gadakangal ennivayaal uthejippikkukayum cheiyunnu. eestrajanukalkku dopamine adichamarthaanum kazhiyum.
neuropeptaidukalumaayula edapedal ippozhum sajeevamaaya oru gaveshana vishayamaan prathyeka prolaaktin-release cheiyunna hormonukalonnum kandethiyitla. elikal vipi, trh ennivayodu prathikarikkunnuvennu ariyappedunnu, ennaal manushyar trhinode maathrame prathikarikkunnulloo. inn vitro" aayi pravartthikkunna prolaaktin-release cheiyunna pepttaidukal undu, ennaal avaa avarude peru arhikkunnundo ennu chodyam cheyyappettittund. auxitosin valia punk vahikkunnilla. pincala pittyoottariyillaath elikalkku mulayootalum auxitosin kuthivayppum nalkiyittum prolaaktin alavu uyarunnilla, ennaal eee pradesham ulppaadippikkunna prathyeka hormon eathaanennu shaasthranjar ithuvare thiricharinjittilla.
pakshikalil (turkeykal), vipi oru sakthamaaya prolaaktin-release gadakamaanu, athesamayam pepttaid histidin isolucin mikkavarum oru phalavum nalkunnilla.
extrapitutory.
pityoottari staartt saittinte mukalilaayi 5.8 keey. bii. yill sthithi cheiyunna oru suuppar distal promoteranu extrapitutory prolaaktin niyanthrikkunnath. dopamine, eestrajan, allengil tii. aarr. echu ennivayodu promoter prathikarikkunnilla. pakaram, camp vazhi ithu uthejippikkappedunnu. campinodulla prathikaranasheshikk madhyasthatha vahikkunnath apoornnamaaya camp-prathikarana gadakavum rund kyaatt/enhancer binding proteinukalum (sii/ebp) aanu. projestrone endometriyathile prolaaktin sinthasisine niyanthrikkunnu, pakshe myometriyathilum breast grandhiyile tissuevilum athu kuraykkunnu.
sthanavum mattu koshangalum disttal promoterinu purame pitt-1 promotere prakadippichekkaam. stanarbuda koshangalile promotere sajeevamakkunnathil pitt-1 nuu pakaramaayi october-1 nuu kazhiyumennu thonnunnu.
prolaaktinte extrapitutory uthppaadanam manushyarkkum praimettukalkkum prathyekamaanennu karuthappedunnu, ithu kooduthalum tissue-nirddishta paracrine, autocrine aavasyangalkkaayi upayogikkaam. elikal polulla kasherukkalil samanamaaya tissue-nirddishta prabhavam kaivarikkunnath praimettukalil illaatha kuranjathu 26 samana "prl" jeenukal niyanthrikkunna prolaaktin polulla proteinukalude oru valia kudumbamaanennu anumaanikkappedunnu.
uthejakangal.
prolakttin dainamdina, andotpadana chakrangale pinthudarunnu. reme urakkathilum athiraavileyum prolaaktin alavu uyarunnu. pala sasthanikalum oru seasonal saikkil anubavikkunnu.
garbhaavasthayil, eestrajan, projestrone ennivayude uyarnna rakthachamkramana saandrata prolaaktin alavu 10 muthal 20 madangu vare vardhippikkunnu. eestrajan projestrone paal ulppaadanathil prolaakttinte uttejaka phalangale thadayunnu. prasavathetthudarnnu eestrajan, projestrone ennivayude alavu pettennu kurayunnathu mulayoottalin kaaranamaakunnathin prolaaktin-thaalkkaalikamaayi uyarnna nilayil thudarunnu.
mulakkannukalil valichedukkunnathu prolaaktin kurayunnathu avayude aantharika uthejanam neekkam cheiyunnathinaal. mulakkannilum parisaratthum mekkaanorisepttarukale chooshanam sajeevamaakkunnu. eee signalukal sushumna naadiyiloode naadi naarukal hypothalamasilekku kondupookunnu, avide pityoottari grandhiye niyanthrikkunna neuronukalude vaidyutha pravartthanatthile mattangal prolaaktin sravam vardhippikkunnu. mulayoottunna uthejanam pinn pityoottari grandhiyil ninnu auxitosin purathuvidunnathinum kaaranamaakunnu, ithu paal sheenippikkaan kaaranamaakunnu prolaaktin paal ulppaadanathe (lactogenesis) niyanthrikkunnu, pakshe paal-ejection reflexella; prolaakttinte vardhanavu adutha feedinulla thayyaareduppinaayi mulappal kondu niraykkunnu. pinn pityoottari prolaaktin ulppaadanathinu kaaranamakunna ithuvare thirichariyappedaatha oru hormon uthpaadippikkunnu.
saadhaarana saahacharyangalil, galactoryayude abhaavathil, mulayoottal avasaanichu onno rando aazhchakalkkullil mulayoottal avasaanikkunnu.
vyayaamam, uyarnna protein bhakshanam, cheria sasthrakriyakal, apasmaarathethudarnnulla pidichedukkal allengil shaareerikamo vaikaarikamo aaya sammarddam ennivaykku sesham alavu uyarnnekkaam. hypnosisinu keezhilulla vanita sannadhapravarthakarekkura oru padanatthil, prolakttin kuthichuchaattam, prakopanathodeyulla, apamanakaramaaya anubhavangalude uthbhavam moolamaanu, pakshe nazhsinginte faantasiyil ninnalla. sammarddathaal undaakunna pii. aarr. ell mattangal elikalile prosteeriyar pityoottariyumaayi bandhappettathalla.
hypersecressionekkaal hypersecression saadhaaranamaanu. prolactinomous ennu vilikkunna muun pityoottari tumourukalude ettavum saadhaaranamaaya asaadhaaranathayaanu hyperprolectinemiya. prolaaktinomakal hypothalaamasil ninnu gonadotropin-release cheiyunna hormon sravathe adichamarthukayum follicle-stimulating hormoninteyum muun pityoottari hormonil ninnulla lutainising hormoninteyum sravam kuraykkukayum cheiyunnathinaal prolaaktinomakal hypothalamic-pityoottari-gonadal aaksisine thadassappeduthiyekkaam, athinaal andotpadana chakrathe thadassappeduthunnu. atharam hormon mattangal sthreekalil aminoria vandhyathayum purushanmaaril udhaaranakkuravum aayi prakadamaayekkaam. anuchithamaya mulayoottal (galactorioya) prolactinomayude mattoru pradhana klinikkal adayaalamaanu.
ghadanayum isophomukalum.
prolaaktinte ghadana valarchaa hormoninteyum plaasantal lactogenteyum gadanaykku samaanamaan. moonnu disulfide bondukalude pravartthanam kaaranam thanmatra madakkappedunnu. thanmaathrayude ganyamaaya vaividhyatha vivarichittundu, athinaal vyathyasthamaaya glycosylation, phosphorylation, sulfation, apachayangal enniva kaaranam bio aseyukalkkum rogaprathirodha parisodhanakalkkum vyathyastha phalangal nalkaan kazhiyum. pityoottari grandhi sravikkunna prabalamaaya roopamaanu prolakttinte glycosylated allatha roopam.
prolaakttinte moonnu vyathyastha valuppangal ivayaanu
prasavaananthara kaalaghattatthinte thudakkathil valiyavayude alavu alppam kooduthalaanu.
prolaaktin risapttar.
mamillary grandhikal, andashayangal, pityoottari grandhikal, hridayam, shwaasakosham, thymus, pleeha, karal, pancreas, vrukka, adrenal grandhi, garbhashaya, asthikooda peshi, charmmam, kendra naadeevyavasthayude bhagangal ennivayil prolaaktin resepterukal kaanapedunnu. prolaaktin resepterumaayi bandhippikkumbol, athu mattoru prolaaktin resepterumaayi dimerise cheyyaan kaaranamaakunnu. ithu jacq-staatt paatha aarambikkunna tyrosine kinace aaya jaanas kinace 2 sajeevamaakkunnathin kaaranamaakunnu. sajeevamaakkal maittojan-activated protein kainaasukal, src kainas ennivayude sajeevamakkalinum kaaranamaakunnu.
manushyante prolaaktin resepterukal mouse prolactininode samvedanakshamathayillaathava.
roganirnaya upayogam.
uyarnna prolaaktin sravam phoolikk stimulating hormoninteyum gonadotropin-release hormoninteyum sravathe adichamarthukayum hypogonadisathylake nayikkukayum chilappol udhaaranakkuravinu kaaranamaakukayum cheiyunnathinaal laingika hormon varkkappinte bhaagamaayi prolaaktin alavu parisodhikkaam.
apasmaram pidipedunna avasthaye apasmaram varaatha maanasikarogangalil ninnu verthirichariyaan prolakttin alavu chila upayogapradamaayekkaam. apasmaarathethudarnnu serem prolaaktin alavu saadhaaranayaayi uyarunnu.
yoonittukalum yoonit parivartthanangalum.
prolaaktinte serem saandrata pinda saandrata (emm. jii/ell allengil enn. jii/emm. ell), mollar saandrata (enn. emm. oo. ell/ell allengil pii. emm. oo. ell/ell), allengil anthaaraashtra unitukal (saadhaaranayaayi emm. aii. yuu/ell) ennivayil nalkaam. nilavile aiyu prolaakttinte moonnaamathe anthaaraashtra nilavaarathinu virudhamaayi kaalibrett cheyyappedunnu, <aii. dii. 1> aanu. reference aampyoolukalil 2.5 microgram leophilised human prolaaktin adangiyirikkunnu, koodaathe 0.053 anthaaraashtra yoonittukalude pravartthanam nalkiyittundu. nilavile anthaaraashtra nilavaarathinu virudhamaayi kaalibrett cheytha alavukal gram-ius anupatham upayogichu maas unitukalaayi parivartthanam cheyyaan kazhiyum; miyu/ell ll prakadippikkunna prolaaktin saandrata 21.2 kondu harikkunnathiloode emyuji/ell aayi parivartthanam cheyyaan kazhiyum. muun maanadandangal mattu anupathangal upayogikkunnu.
1978ll (75/504 human prolakttinte aadya aii. aarr. pii) shudheekaricha human prolakttin kuravaayirunna samayathaan immunoasseikkaayi human prolakttinte aadyathe anthaaraashtra reference thayyarakkal (allengil aii. aarr. pii) sthaapikkappettathu. munkaala maanadandangal mruga srothassukalil ninnulla prolaakttine aashrayichirunnu. shudheekaricha manushyante prolaaktin viralavum vaividyamaarnnathum asthiravum swabhaavasavisheshathakal vyakthamakkaan prayaasamullathumaayirunnu. audyogika padaviyillaathe biological staanderdaiseshanekkurachu vidagdha samiti 81/541 ennu label cheytha oru thayyarakkal vitharanam cheyyukayum munbathe sahakarana padanatthe adisthaanamaakki 50 miu/aamboul enna nischitha moolyam nalkukayum cheythu. eee thayyaareduppu chila rogaprathirodha parisodhanakalil kramarahithamayi pravarthikkunnundennum athu anuyojyamallennum nirnnayichu.
prolaaktin adangiya moonnu vyathyastha human pityoottari sathil ninnu pinneedu oru aii. esinaayi kaandidettukalaayi labhichu. iva 83/562,83/573,84/500 ennee kodukalulla ampuleukalaayi vitharanam cheythu. 20 vyathyastha laborattarikal ulppedunna sahakarana padanangal eee moonnu thayyaareduppukalum thammil cheria vyathyaasame kandethiyittulloo. 83/562 ettavum sthirathayullathaayi thonni. eee thayyarakkal pradhaanamaayum dimerukalum prolaaktin polymerukalum illaathathaayirunnu. eee anweshanangalude adisthaanathil, randaamathethu human prolaaktin aanennu 83/562 sthaapikkappettu. eee aampyoolukalude stokkukal theernnukazhinjaal, moonnaamathethu manushya prolaaktin aayathinal 84/500 sthaapikkappettu.
reference renchukal.
prolaaktin adhikamaayi (hyperprolactinemiya) nirnnayikkunnathinulla pothuvaaya maargganirddeshangal saadhaarana prolaaktinte mukalile paridhi sthreekalkku 25 microgram/littum purushanmaarkk 20 microgram/lii umm aayi nirvachikkunnu. athupole, prolaaktinte kuravu (hypoprolectinemiya) nirnnayikkunnathinulla maargganirddeshangal sthreekalil 3 microgram/lill thaazheyum purushanmaaril 5 microgram/lill thaazheyumaan. ennirunnaalum, prolaaktin alakkunnathinulla vyathyastha parishodhanakalum reethikalum vividha laborattarikal upayogikkunnu, athinaal prolaaktinte serem reference shreni palappozhum alakkunnathu laborattariyaan nirnnayikkunnath. koodaathe, praayam, lingam, aarthavachakram, garbham thudangiya gadakangalkkanusarichu prolaaktin alavu vyathyaasappedunnu. oru nischitha prolaaktin alaveduppine (parisodhana, rogiyude avastha muthalaayava) chuttipattiyulla saahacharyangal.) athinaal alavu krithyamaayi vyaakhyaanikkunnathin munbu pariganikkendathundu.
thaazhepparayunna chart vyathyastha janasamkhyayiludaneelamulla saadhaarana prolaaktin alavukalil kaanunna vyathiyanangal vyakthamaakkunnu. immulaitt aseh upayogichu vyathyastha valuppathilulla nirddishta niyanthrana grouppukalil ninnaan prolaaktin moolyangal labhichathu.
inter-methed variability.
englandile essexil aarogyamulla aarogya parirakshaa professionalukalude (53 purushanmaar, <aii. dii. 2> vayass, sharashari 28 vayass; 97 sthreekal, <aii. dii. 1> vayass, sharashari 29 vayass) oru niyanthrana group upayogichu saadhaaranayaayi upayogikkunna chila parisodhana reethikal (2008 leeii kanakkanusarichu) thammilulla serem prolaaktinte reference shreniyile vyathiyaanam inipparayunna pattika vyakthamaakkunnu
melpparanja pattikayude upayogathinte oru udaaharanam, sthreekalkku microgram/lill prolaaktin moolyangal kanakkakkaan sentaur aseh upayogikkukayaanenkil, sharashari 7.92 microgram/lii umm reference shreni 3.35-16.4 microgram/lii umm aanu.
vyavasthakal.
uyarnna nilavaaram.
hyperprolectinemiya allengil adhika serem prolakttin, hypo eastrogenism, annovulatory vandhyatha, oligomenoria, aminoria, apratheekshithamaya mulayoottal, sthreekalil kamashakti nashtappedal, udhaaranakkuravu, purushanmaaril kamashakti nashtappedal ennivayumaayi bandhappettirikkunnu.
uyarnna prolaaktin alavinte kaaranagal
physiological
pharmacological
rogalakshanam
nilavaaram kuranju.
hypoprolectinemiya allengil serem prolaaktin kuravu, sthreekalil andaashayathinte pravarthanakshamatha, arteriogenic udhaaranakkuravu, akaala skhalanam, oligosospermia, asthanospermia, seminal vesikkilukalude hypofungshion, purushanmaaril hypoandrogenism ennivayumaayi bandhappettirikkunnu. oru padanatthil, hypoprolectinemic purushanmaaril prolaaktin alavu saadhaarana moolyangalilekku uyarthumbol beejathinte saadhaarana swabhaavasavisheshathakal punasthaapichu.
hypopitutarism, tuberoinfundibular paathayile amithamaya dopaminergic pravartthanam, bromocryptin polulla dii 2 risapttar agonistukal kazhikkunnath enniva hypoprolectinemiyu falamaakaam.
vaidyashaasthrathil.
mattu mrugangalil upayogikkaan prolaaktin vaanijyaparamaayi labhyamaan, pakshe manushyaril allah. mrugangalil mulayoottal uthejippikkaan ithu upayogikkunnu. manushyaril prolaakttinte jaiva ardhaayuss ekadesham 15-20 minittaan. minittaan risapttar prolaaktin sravathinte niyanthranatthil earppettirikkunnu, koodaathe resepterinte agonistukalaaya bromocryptin, cabergollin enniva prolaaktin alavu kuraykkunnu, athesamayam resepterinte athiraalikalaaya domperidon, metoclopromide, haloperidol, resperidon, sulpyride enniva prolaaktin alavu vardhippikkunnu. pityoottari grandhiyile prolaaktin sravam vardhippikkunnathinum manushyaril mulayoottal prerippikkunnathinum domperidon, metoclopromide, sulpyride thudangiya dii 2 risapttar athiraalikal gaalaktogogukalaayi upayogikkunnu.

