
1921 pershyan attimari

1921-leeii pershyan attimari dii 'ettaatt, iraanil 3 esphand 1299 koopp dii' ettaatt (solar pershyan theeyathiyulla) ennariyappedunnu, 1921-leeii pershyayile niravadhi pradhana sambhavangale soochippikkunnu, ithu oduvil 1925-ll pahlavi raajavamshathe raajyathinte bharanabhavanamaayi sthaapikkunnathilekku nayichu.
1921 februvari 21nuu rezza shaayude neethrthwathilulla pershyan kosak brigedinte attimariyiloodeyaanu sambhavangal aarambhichath. rezza khaante attimariyile britiish pankaalitthatthinte krithyamaaya thoth charitraparamaaya charchaavishayamaayi thudarunnu, ennaal edmund ironside goodaalochanakkaarkku upadesham nalkiyennu eathaandu urappaan. eee attimariyiloode sieddin tabataabaayi adikaaram ettedukkukayum pradhaanamanthriyaakukayum cheythu. attimari erekkure raktharahithavum cheria prathirodham neridendi vannathumaayirunnu. thante vipuleekaricha senayodum kosak brigadinode oppam, reza khaan tabris, mashad, gilaanile jangalikal ennividangalile vighadanavaada, vimatha prasthaanangale illaathaakkaan vijayakaramaya sainika nadapadikal aarambhichu. symcoic kurdukalkkumethiraaya pracharanam vijayakaramallathathum 1922 vare neenduninnathum oduvil pershyan vijayathode avasaanichathum aayirunnu.
pashchaathalam.
1920 avasaanathode, rashtil pershyan soviyatt soshyalist republic "1,500 jangalikal, kurdukal, armeniyakkaar, asarbaijaanikal ennivarude garilla seena" ennivayumaayi tehranilekku march cheyyaan thayyaaredukkukayaayirunnu, bolshevikkukalude chuvanna sainyam athine shakthippeduthi. eee vastutha, mattu vividha vairudhyangal, kalapangal, raajyathe aswasthathakal ennivaykkoppam thalasthaanathu kadutha rashtreeya prathisandhi srishtichu."
1921 aayappozhekkum pershyayile bharanakakshiyaya khajaar rajavamsham azhimathikkaranum kaaryakshamamallaathavanumaayi maari. enna sambannamaaya eee raajyam sainika, saambathika pinthunaykkaayi brittan, russia ennee raajyangale oru paridhivare aashrayichirunnu. eee dashakathinte thudakkathil aabhyantharayudhangal sarkkaarine bheeshanippeduthiyirunnu, akkaalat cosac brigade mathramaayirunnu saadhaarana sainika seena.
1921-ll pathinonnam vayassil kireedadhaaranam cheytha ahamed aayirunnu khajaar shhaa. onnaam lokamahaayudhasamayathu pershyayile britiish, russian, ottomaan adhiniveshangalkk sesham addeham durbalan kazhivillaathathumaaya bharanadhikaariyaayi kanakkakkappettu. 1911ll thalasthaana nagaramaya tehran russiakkaar pidichedutthappol iranian saadhaarana sainikarkk pakaram saayudharaaya bakhthiyaaris gothrakkar aakramanakaarikale purathaakki. ithu sarkkaarinte prashasthi kooduthal kuraykkukayum yudhasamayathu athine eathaandu shakthiyillathathaakkukayum cheythu.
pershyayil pradhana punk vahicha brittan, kaaryakshamamaayi bharikkanulla khajaar gavanmentinte kazhivillaaymayil aswasthamaayirunnu. pershya niyantrikkaan aagrahikkunna oro raajyavum brittan soviyatt russia thammilulla adhikara pooraattatthinte pashchaathalamaayirunnu eee kaaryakshamathayillayma.
1921 januvari 14nuu britiish general edmund eronside tabris battaaliyane nayichirunna rezza khaane muzhuvan brigadineyum nayikkaan sthaanakkayattam nalkaan theerumaanichu. ekadesham oru maasathinushesham, britiish nirddeshaprakaaram, rezza khaante cosac brigadinte 1,000 sakthamaaya ditaachment tehranil ethi.
attimariyum thudarnnulla sambhavangalum.
rezza khaan tehran pidichedukkunnu.
1921 februvari 18nuu kosaakkukal cheria prathirodham nerittu tehranil ethi. februvari 21nuu athiraavile avar nagaratthil praveshichu. tehrante madhyabhaagathu niravadhi poleesukaar maathramaan kollappedukayo parikkelkkukayo cheythathennu parayappedunnu. thante sainyathinte pinthunayode, reza khaan pirichuvidaan sarkkaarine nirbandhithanaakkukayum yudhamanthriyaayi swantham niyamanathinu melnottam vahikkukayum cheythu. ippozhum shhaa aayi bharikkunna ahamed sayyid siyawuddin tabatabe pradhaanamanthriyaayi niyamikkumennum rezza khaan urappakki.
yuu. ezz. ezz. aarumaayi udambadi.
februvari 26nuu puthiya sarkkar soviyatt soshyalist republicukalude unionumaayi, munbu russian saamraajyamaayirunna, sauhruda udambadiyil oppuvachu. udambadiyude falamaayi, soviyatt union iraanile muun russian soukaryangalil chilath upekshichu, ennirunnaalum soviyatt nayathanthranjar thangalude raajyathe iraanile sainyathil edapedaan anuvadikkunnuvennu urappakki, edapedal "svayam prathirodham" aayirikkunnidatholam kaalam. iraanile russian udamasthathayilulla railway thuramukhangalum yuu. ezz. ezz. aarr upekshichu.
mukhyamanthrimaarude maattam.
attimarikk munbu, khuraasan gavarnaraaya ahamed khavam khajaar bharanakoodathodu vishwasthatha prakadippichirunnu. reza khaan sthaapicha sarkkaarine amgeekarikkaan addeham visammathichappol addehathe tehranil jayililadachu. thadavil kazhiyumbol, thanne arast cheytha aalaya kenal mohammed thaagi pesianode, ippol gendermery medaaviyaaya kwam vidvesham valarthiyeduthu.
pradhaanamanthriyaayi niyamithanaaya sayyid siyawuddin tabatabe meyy 25 nuu shhaa ahammadinte utharaviloode sthaanathuninnu neekkiyirunnu. taamasiyaathe, khavam jayilil ninnu mochithanaakukayum thabathaabeyude muun padavi nalkukayum cheythu. attimariyude janaadhipathya iraanile aadarshangalodulla eee vanchana amgeekarikkaan kenal pessian visammathikkukayum janakeeya pinthuna shekharikkaan thudangukayum niravadhi gothrangal addehathinte sakthamaaya senaye roopappeduthaan tirakk koottukayum cheythu.
praadeshika kalaapangale adichamarthunnu.
pesiyante kalapam.
khavam pradhaanamanthriyaayathin sesham, attimari nethaakkaliloraalum ippol gendermery cheef kenal mohammed thaagi pessian taanum addehathinte saha iraaniyakkaarum pooraadukayum angane tehranil ninnu pookukayum cheytha janaadhipathya thathwangalude puthiya kramatheyum mannolippineyum ethirthu. taamasiyaathe oru vimatha sainyathinte thalavanaaya pessian niravadhi praadeshika gavarnarmaarude sainyavumayi yuddham cheyyaan pooyi. ennirunnaalum, vimathar oduvil paraajayappedukayum pesiyante thala vettanamennum thala tehranilekku thirike nalkanamennum rezza khaan utharavidukayum cheythu, ippol oru deseeya nayakanaaya pessian kooduthal kalaapangale adichamarthaan marichuvennu theliyikkaan athu pradarshippikkukayum cheythu. athe varsham thanne khoraasanile kurdukalum kalapam nadatthi.
gillan pracharanam.
1921 joolaiyude thudakkathil vsevoload staaroselskiyude neethrthwathilulla pradhana cosac senayaanu republic oof gillan aakramichathu. habibullah khaante (shiyabani) neethrthwathilulla oru genderme ooppareshanethudarnnu avar masandarane ozhippikkukayum gilanilekku maarukayum cheythu. august 20nuu kosaakkukalude varavinu munnodiyaayi kalaapakaarikal raashil ninnu pinwangi enseliyilekku pinwangi. august 24nuu kosaakkukal rashidil praveshichu. viplavakaarikal khomaamilum pirbaasarilum vijayakaramaayathin sheshamulla kooduthal shramangalkk sesham, pinneedu soviyatt naavikasena avare kanatha peeranki vediveyppiloode bombit aakramichu. aadyam, rezza khaante neethrthwathilulla 700 sainikarude muzhuvan sainyavum eee sambhavathil nasippikkappettuvennu vishwasikkappettirunnu, ennirunnaalum pinneedu yadhaartha marananirakk ekadesham 10 shathamaanamaayi nirnnayikkappettu, bakkiyullavar bombaakramanatthil chitharippoyi. thalphalamaayi, staroselsky raashthine ozhippikkaan utharavittu.
1921 septambaril soviyatt republic oof gillan audyogikamaayi avasaanichu. mirza addehathinte jarmman suhruthu gaukkum (hooshang) khalkhaal parvathanirakalil ottaykkaavukayum manju veerthu marikkukayum cheythu.
anantharafalangal.
1921leeii sambhavangalude pashchaathalatthil, pershyan gavanmentinte mohammarayile sheikh saamraajyavumaayulla bandhavum vashalayi. 1924ll, muhammara khasaal alle-kabiyude neethrthwathilulla aadyathe aadhunika arab deseeyavaada prakshobhamaaya khusesthaan sheikh khasaal kalapam pottipurappettu. kalapam vegathilum falapradamaayum adichamarthukayum cheria naashanashtangal sambhavikkukayum cheythu.
1925ll bharanaghadanaa assembly rezza khaane simhaasanathil iruthi, attimariyil ulppettavaril palarum kollappedukayo jayililadaykkappedukayo cheythu. oru general, sepahbod ameer ahamed, oru puthiya rajavaazhcha sthaapikkunnathinethire nilakollaan shramichu, ennaal ippol jayililadacha thante bhaaryaasahodaran, general haidergoli pesiyante sandarshanathil, kajar raajavamshathe paraajayappedutthiya attimariyude nethaakkalil oralaaya ameer ahamed, rezza khaane shhaa aakkukayum rajavaazhcha punasthaapikkukayum cheiyunnathinulla thante sramangal britishukaar paraajayappedutthukayaanenna sammathichu. rezza khaane oduvil shhaa ennu prakhyapikkukayum pahlavi enna kudumbapperu sweekarikkukayum angane pahlavi rajavamsham sthaapikkukayum cheythu. 1979leeii viplavam vare pahlavikal iraanil bharichu, thudarnnu sarkkar attimarikkappedukayum pakaram ruhollah khomeni nayikkunna islaamik republic oof iraan enna sarkkar roopeekarikkappedukayum cheythu. shhaa iraan vittathinu thottaduttha divasam, viplava nethaakkal kenal mohammed thaagi peshyane viplavathinte aadya rakthasakshiyaayi prakhyaapichu, ennirunnaalum peshyan oru mathetharavaadiyaayirunnu.

