
roobert tenbul macferson

pathonpathaam noottaandil italiyile romil jolie cheythirunna oru scotish kalakaran photographerumaayirunnu roobert tenbul macferson (27 februvari 1814-17 november 1872).
aadyakaala jeevitam.
1814 februvari 27nuu eddinberg nagarathinu purathulla skotlandile daalkeethil roobert tenbul macferson janichu. kudumbasuhrithum ezhuthukaaranumaaya maargarat oliphant addehathe klooniyile klaan macferson cheef eevaan macfersante adutha bandhuvum kavi jaims macfersante "ettavum adutha purusha bandhu" yumayi visheshippichenkilum addehathinte krithyamaaya bandhangal avyakthamaanu. 1831num 1835num idayil eddinberg sarvakalashaalayil vaidyashaasthrapadanam nadathunnathuvare macfersante kuttikkaalathekkurichu onnum ariyilla. addeham thante medical patanam poortthiyaakkiyilla, thudarnnu edinburghile royal scotish academyil 1835num 1839num idayil chhaayaachithrangal pradarshippichukondu kala padichu. eee kaalayalavil avasheshikkunna addehathinte eaka kruthi 1836leeii ennachaayaachithramaaya "templar naitt attu roslin chaappal" aanu. 1840ll addeham italiyile romilek scotland vittu.
romil aadyakaala currier.
romile thante prarambha varshangalil, macferson oru chithrakaaranaayi pariseelanam thudarnnu. 1840 num 1845 num idayil niravadhi kruthikalekkurichulla rekhakal nilavilundenkilum, macfersante romil undaayirunna kaalam muthal nilanilkkunnathayi ariyappedunna onnu maathramaan-1842 leeii roman campagnayude oru valia ennachaayaachithram.
chithrakalaykk purame addeham oru art dealerayi pravarthichu. 1846ll addeham vangiya oru valia irunda paanalaan addehathinte ettavum sradheyamaaya ettedukkal. kashanam vrithiyaakkiya sesham, ithu "kristhuvinte shavakudeeram" ennu thiricharinju, ithu maikkalanchaloyude poortthiyaakaattha kruthiyaanu. macferson romil ninnu painting kadathi 1868-ll landanile naashanal galleric 2000 poundinu vittu.
1847-ll, macferson pathinezhukaariyaaya louisa jerardine ("geddy") bettine kandumuttukayum pranayathilaakukayum cheythu, avar landanil ninnu romilek avalude ammayiyaaya kalacharithrakaariyaaya anna jayimsante koode yaatra cheythirunnu. maathapithaakkaludeyum ammayiyudeyum athirppukalkkidayilum bettu englandilekku madangiyethiyathinushesham macferson bettum bandham thudarukayum 1849 septambaril eelingil vachu vivaahitharaakukayum cheythu.
photography.
1851-ll, oru chithrakaaranenna nilayil shradha nedunnathil parajayappetta macferson glass negatteevil albumin upayogichu photography puthiya kalayilekku thirinju. 1856 aayappozhekkum addeham collodio-albumin aayi maari, ithu dry plettukalude eluppathilulla gathagatham anuvadichu. roman vaasthuvidya, smarakangal, avashishtangal, bhooprakrithikal, shilpangal ennivayude asaadhaaranamaaya vishadaamshangal nedaan addeham saadhaaranayaayi valia formet negatteevukalum deerghakaala exposure samayangalum upayogichu. dvimaana photographic maadhyamathil trimana vasthuvidyaa bandhangal pakarthunnathinaayi ramgangalude shradhaapoorvamaaya rachanaykk addehathinte kruthikal oonnal nalki. 1863ll macferson thante photography kalaparamaaya vashangal oonnipparanju, "angane cheiyunnathiloode njaan kala upekshichuvenno kalaakaaran enna padavikku vendiyulla ente avakaashavaadam oru tharatthilum nashtappettuvenno oru thonnalumillaathe njaan innum oru photographeraayi thudarunnu."
1860 kalude thudakkathil, edinburghilum landanilum pradarshanangalode macfersante photographic currier athinte unnathiyilaayirunnu. mikacha abhiruchiyode vishayangal thiranjedukkukayum kazhivum maaduryavum upayogichu chithrangal nirmmikkukayum cheytha addehathinte srishtikalkku niroopaka prashamsa labhichu."
vaattikkaninullil photoyedukkaan anuvadicha aadyathe photographer macferson aayirunnu, 1863-ll "gaalarikalil kaanapedunna kramatthil thiranjedutthu krameekarichirikkunna vaattikkan shilpangal", addehathinte photographukalil ninnu bhaarya kothiyeduttha maram kothiya chithreekaranangal ulkkollunna 125 vaattikkan silpangalkkulla oru guide book prasidheekarichu.
romilaanu thaamasikkunnathenkilum macferson photographic sosaitti oof skotlaandile sajeeva amgamaayi thudarnnu. ennirunnaalum, "dhii scotsman" pathram thante anushochanakkurippil addeham "nithyanagaratthile [roome] photography pithaavaanennu" rekhappeduthi."
pinneedulla jeevitam.
1860kalude avasaanathode macfersante bhagyam kshayichukondirunnu. malaria kaaranam addehathinte aarogyam vashalaavukayum romile vardhichuvarunna rashtreeya asthiratha addehathinte upabhokthru aditharayude bhooribhaagavum nirmmicha britiish vinodasanchaarikalude pravaham kuraykkukayum cheythu. athesamayam, photography saankethika munnettangal maadhyamathe kalakaaranmaarude mekhalayil ninnu oru charakkilekku maatti.
1872 november 17nuu roobert macferson antharichu. addehathinte shavasamskaram romile aartists charchu santa maria dell poppoloyil nadannu, addehathinte shavakudeeram nashtappettengilum addehathe campo veranoyil samskarichu. bhaarya jerardine, makkal vilyam (itaaliyan recordil "guglielmo" ennu kaanapedunnu), joseph ("giuseppe"), adhaa ("aida"), francis allengil frank ("francesco") ennivar addehathe anugamichu.
thante photography jeevithathinidayil macferson 1,019 photographukal pattikapedutthi. innu, jorjju eestmaan hausaaya jeey. yill ganyamaaya ennam kandethaam. pooll getti museum, courtould instittyoott oof art, romile britiish school. lokamembaadum cheria shekharangal kaanapedunnu.

