phloo nettu

jalasambharanikaliloodeyulla dvimaana sthiramaaya bhoogarbhajalathinte graaphikkal praathinidyamaanu phloo nettu.
jyamiti vishakalana parihaarangale apraayogikamaakkunna bhugarbhajala pravaaha prasnangal pariharikkunnathin oru phloo nettinte nirmmaanam palappozhum upayogikkunnu. anakkettukal allengil sheett pail mathilukal polulla hydrolic gadanakalkku keezhilulla ozhukkinte prasnangalkkulla aadya parisodhanayaayi sivil enchiniyaring, hydro jiyolaji allengil soyil mechanics ennivayil eee reethi palappozhum upayogikkunnu. athinaal, samathvarekhakalude oru parambara varaykkunnathiloode labhikkuna gridine phloo nettu ennu vilikkunnu. dvimaana erotational phloo prasnangal vishakalanam cheiyunnathinulla oru pradhana upakaranamaan phloo nettu. phloo nettu technic oru graaphikkal praathinidhya reethiyaanu.
adisthaana reethi.
ellaayidathum parasparam lambamaya aruviyum samathvarekhakalum upayogichu ozhukkinte pradesham nirachu oru vakrarekha grid undaakkuka ennathaanu eee reethi. saadhaaranayaayi pottensial allengil hydrolic head (mukalilekkum thaazhekkumulla attangal) sthiramaaya moolyangalil rund uparithalangal (athirthikal) undu, mattu uparithalangal ozhukkinte athirukalalla (i.iii., abhedyamaaya; udaaharanathinu anakkettinte thaazheyum abhedyamaaya oru adithattinte mukalilum), ithu ettavum puram stream tyoobukalude vashangale nirvachikkunnu (oru stereotypical phloo nettu udaaharanathinu chithram 1 kaanuka).
ganithashaasthraparamaayi, oru phloo nettu nirmmikkunna prakriyayil pottanshyalinteyum stream functionteyum rund harmonic allengil analytic functionukal kondoor cheiyunnu. eee pravartthanangal laplace samavaakyathe thripthippeduthunnu, kondoor lineukal sthiramaaya thala (equipottantials), flopaathukalilekkulla (streamlineukal) taanjant lainukale prathinidheekarikkunnu. pottensial function stream function orumichu sankeernamaaya pottensial roopappeduthunnu, avide pottensial yadhaartha bhaagavum stream function saangalppika bhagavumaanu.
oru phloo nettinte nirmmaanam phloo prashnathinu ekadesha pariharam nalkunnu, ennaal kurachu lalithamaaya niyamangal pinthudarnnu sankeernamaaya jyaamithikalulla prashnangalkk polum ithu valare nallathaanu (thudakkathil 1900-ll philipp forchimer vikasippicheduthath, pinneedu 1937-ll arther cassagrante aupachaarikamaakki).
udaaharanathinu phloo nettukal.
ivide chithreekarichirikkunna aadyathe phloo nettu (1997-leeii craigil ninnu parishkkaricha) anakkettin keezhil sambhavikkunna ozhukk (anakkettinte akshatthil ozhukk sthiramaanennu karuthappedunnu-anakkettinte madhyathil saadhuthayullathaanu); anakkettin pinnile kulatthil ninnu (valathuvashath) anakkettil ninnu thaazhekkulla (idathuvashathu) teyil vaattar vare. 
5 meter mukalile thala muthal 1 meter thaazhekkulla thala vare 16 pacha samathvarekhakalundu (hydrolic thalayil 15 thulya thullikal) (4 meter/15 head dropukal = oro pacha varaykkum idayil 0.267 meter head drope). neela streamlineukal (rund noow-phloo athirthikal thammilulla stream functionile thulya mattangal) sisttathiloode neengumbol vellam edukkunna phloo paathu kaanikkunnu; streamlineukal ellaayidathum phloo velosityumaayi taanjant aanu.
randaamathe phloo nettu ivide chithreekarichirikkunnu (ferris muthalaayavayil ninnu parishkkarichirikkunnu., 1962) oru cross-sekshanekkaal mapp-view phloo (lamba dishayil asthiramaayathu) vishakalanam cheyyaan oru phloo nettu upayogikkunnathaayi kaanikkunnu. eee prashnathinu samamiti undennum athinte idathu allengil valath bhagangal maathrame cheyyendathulluvennum shradhikkuka. oru pooyint singlek (oru ekathvam) oru phloo nettu srishtikkunnathinu, vellam nalkunnathinum sthiramaaya flofield vikasippikkaan anuvadikkunnathinum aduthaayi oru recharge athirthi undaayirikkanam.
phloo nettu phalangal.
darseyude niyamam phloo nettiloode jalathinte ozhukkine vivarikkunnu. thalathulla thullikal nirmmaanatthil orupoleyayathinaal, gradient blokkukalude valuppathin vipareeta anupaathathilaanu. valia blokkukal ardhamaakkunnathu kuranja gradient undennaanu, athinaal kuranja discharge (hydrolic chalakatha ivide sthiramaanennu karuthunnu). 
oro stream tubiloodeyum thulyamaaya alavil ozhukk kadannupokunnu (rekhaachithrathil aduthulla rund neela varakalaal nirvachikkappedunnu), athinaal kooduthal ozhukk ullidathu idungiya stream tubeukal sthithicheyyunnu. oru phloo nettile ettavum cheria chathurangal ozhukkinte kendreekaranam ulla poyintukalilaanu sthithicheyyunnathu (eee rekhaachithrathil avaa anakkettinte adivaarathinte attam kuraykkaan upayogikkunna kattoof mathilinte attam aduthaanu), koodaathe karaa uparithalathile uyarnna ozhukk palappozhum sivil enchineeyar ozhivakkaan shramikkunnu, anakkettinte paraajayathekkuricho aashankappedunnu.
ekathvam.
streamlineukalil kinkukal undaakumbozhaanu phloo feeldile kramarahithamaya pooyintukal (singulaarittikal ennum vilikkunnu) sambhavikkunnath (derivative oru pooyintil nilavililla). valavu puratthekku ullidathu ithu sambhavikkam (udha.jii.mukalilulla chithratthile kattoof mathilinte adiyil), oru pooyintil allengil valavu akathekku ullidathu ananthamaaya ozhukk undu (udha.jii.mukalilulla chithratthil kattoof mathilinte mukalilum idathuvashathumulla moolayil) fluxes poojyamaanu. 
randaamathe phloo nettu oru kinarine chithreekarikkunnu, ithu saadhaaranayaayi oru pooyint uravidamaayi ganithashaasthraparamaayi prathinidheekarikkunnu (kinner poojya aaram vare churungunnu); ithu oru ekathvamaanu, kaaranam ozhukk oru poyintilekku othucherunnu, aaa samayat laplace samavaakyam thripthikaramalla. 
eee pooyintukal yadhaartha loka prashnam pariharikkan upayogikkunna samavaakyathinte ganithashaasthra karakaushalavasthukkalaanu, koodaathe uparithalathile pooyintukalil ananthamo ozhukko illennu yadhaarthathil ardhamaakkunnilla. itharathilulla pooyintukal palappozhum eee prasnangalkkulla mattu tharatthilulla parihaarangale (prathyekichu samkhyaaparamaaya) budhimuttaakkunnu, athesamayam lalithamaaya graaphikkal saankethikatha avaa nannayi kaikaaryam cheiyunnu.
staanderd phloo nettukalilekkulla vipuleekaranangal.
ariyappedunna athirthikalilekkulla pooritha ozhukk anubavikkunna ekeekritha, isotropic pooras meediyaykkaayaan saadhaaranayaayi phloo valakal nirmmikkunnath. eee mattu chila kesukal pariharikkan anuvadikkunnathinulla adisthaana reethiyude vipuleekaranangalund
itharathilulla bhugarbhajala pravaaha prashnangalkk eee reethi saadhaaranayaayi upayogikkunnundengil, laplace samavaakyam (formula _ 1) vivarikkunna eathu prashnathinum ithu upayogikkaam, udaaharanathinu bhoomiyiloode vaidyutha pravaham.

