
pesaro balipeetam (bellini)

1471num 1483num idayil jiovanni bellini varacha oru enna painting aanu pesaro balipashukkal (itaaliyan "paalaa dii pesaro"). bellini varacha aadyathe pakwathayulla kruthikalilonnaayi ithu kanakkaakkappedunnu, ennirunnaalum athinte theeyathiyekkurichum aaraan ithu nirmmichathu ennathinekkurichum samshayangalundu. ennakalude aadyakaala upayogam mathramalla, glass vyavasaayathinte upolppannamaaya blue smaltinte upayogavum eee kruthiyude saankethikavidyayaanu. 1455leeii "shavakudeerathil" thaazhnna rajyangalil ithu ithinakam upayogichirunnuvenkilum itaaliyan kalayil smaltinte aadya upayogam ithu adayaalappeduthi, leonardo davinchi 1492ll milaanile ludovico ill moroyude appaartmentukalil ithu upayogikkunnathinu irupathu varsham munbu. bellini mattu neela nirangalkkayi kooduthal parambaraagatha lapis lazuli asuraittum upayogikkunnu.
1797ll franch adhiniveshathin keezhil aaa palli adichamarthappettappol maarchile pesaroyile saan francesco palliyilaayirunnu ithu sthithicheythirunnathu. balipeetam thudakkathil sitti kaunsililekku maattukayum vividha prashnangalkk sesham athu nagaratthile art myoosiyathe ealppikkukayum cheythu, avide athu ippozhum thoongikkidakkunnu.
dating.
balipeetam theerchayaayum theeyathi vare rekhakalonnum nilanilkunnilla. 1475ll aantonallo daa messinayude varavinushesham maathramaan ennakal venesile janapriyamaayath, athinaal aaa theeyathikku munbu ithu ulppaadippikkaan saadhyathayilla. 1476-ll chithrakaaranaaya jiovanni pisimegli thante vilppathrathil saan francesco palliyude uyarnna balipeetathinte vila vahikkaan panam nalkaamennu vaagdaanam cheythuvenkilum eee pravrithi aasoothranam cheythittundo, purogamikkukayaano atho poortthiyaayo ennu vyakthamakkiyittilla, athaayath ithu pesaroyude palayumaayi theerchayaayum thirichariyaan kazhiyilla. rogger fry, jiovanni baattista kavalkaselle, frisoon ennivayude ettavum pazhaya sidhaanthangal ekadesham 1481-ll aanennu kanakkakkunnu, athesamayam 1914-ll niroopakanaaya roberto longhi thudakkathil ithu 1465-1470 ennu kanakkakki; thudarnnu 1927-ll nadatthiya oru punarvishakalanatthil ithu 1475-ll aanennu kanakkakki. mikka vimarshakarum palluchini (1959) vareyum meyes (1963) vare longhiyod yojichu, marco soppoyude (ippol berlinil staatlish museinil) kanyakayude kireedadhaaranathekkurichu aaltarpeesinte kendra ramgamaaya "vishudhanmaarumaayi simhaasanasthanaaya madona" yumayi thaarathamyappeduthunnathi adisthaanamaakki "1470-1471" nirddeshichu.
1474ll pesaroyile sphorsaykkaayi francesco lorana aasoothranam cheyyukayum 1479ll poortthiyaakkukayum cheytha, 1475leeii gianfransco ensola ithinakam thanne oru medalil athinte avasana roopam parasyappeduthiyittundum, predella pesaroyile vishudha terrens kaivashappeduthiyirunna fortessa kostaansa ennu avar thirichariyaan kazhiyunna niravadhi kottakal eee kruthi kaanikkunnu. eee saangalppika theeyathi theliyikkaan saamyam paryaapthamalla. kireedadhaaranatthinte pashchaathalatthil 1463ll pesaroyil ninnu rimini pidicheduttha rokka dii gradara adisthaanamaakkiyullathaanu kottayennum ithu balipeetathe pidichedukkalinteyo athinte vaarshikathinteyo aakhoshamaakkunnuvennum 1909ll vaxia prasthaavichu.
baattistiyum castelliyum aduthide nadatthiya padanangal 1480-kalil eee kruthiyude prathichaayaye 1483 muthal kaamila dii 'argona regency polulla rashtreeya sambhavangalumayi allengil fraansiskanmaarum dominikkanmarum thammilulla mathaparamaya tharkkangalumayi bandhippikkunnathayi soochippikkunnu. mattoru sidhaantham eee kruthiye 1474-ll coastenso aii sphorsa kaamila dii 'argona thammilulla vivaha aakhoshangalumaayi bandhippikkunnu.
gadakangal.
kanyakayude kireedadhaaranam.
pradhana kendra paanal kanyakayude kireedadhaaranam kaanikkunnu, ithu asaadhaaranamaayi svarggathil kaanikkunnathinekkaal bhoomiyil kaanikkunnu. idathuvashathu sent peettarum sent polum valathuvashath sent jerom sent francis undu. meriyum kristhuvum oru marble simhaasanathil irikkunnu, athinte thuranna puram oru yaadhaarthyabodhamulla paarakkettukalude bhooprakrithi velippeduthunnu, ithinu chuttum yadhaartha svarnnaniramulla intaglio framinu samanamaaya oru athirthi undu. mukalil madhyabhaagathu parishudhaathmaavinte praav undu, athinte idathum valathuvasathum keroobukalum seraafimukalum undu. gadanayude kazhchappadinum santhulithaavasthaykkum oonnal nalkunna marble inlekalaanu tharayil sajjeekarichirikkunnath. thante sahodaran andrea mantegnayil ninnu edutha paadangal vyakthamaaya prakaashathodum piero della francescayil ninnu varacha vaasthuvidya, roopangal, bhooprakrithi, antonello daa messinayude enna saankethikatha enniva thammilulla samanvayathodum bellini samyojippikkunnu, avarude rund pravartthanangalum addeham kandirikkaam.
pailastarukal.
61 centimeter veethavum 25 centimeter veethavum oronninum orotta aazhathilulla kazhchappadumulla rund pilesttarukal cornisine pidichu nirtthunnu. idathu kaii onnu vishudharaaya alexandriayile catherine, laurence, paaduvayude aanthani, joonn dhaa baptist ennivare kaanikkunnu, athesamayam valathukai onnu anugraheethamaaya mishleena, siyenayile bernardino, toolousinteyum andrewinteyum luis ennivare kaanikkunnu. eee vishudharil palareyum eee samayathaan fraansiskanmaar sthaanakkayattam nalkiyathu.
predella.
srishtiyude thaazhe oru kendra janana rangam kaanikkunna oru predellayund. athinte idathuvashathu "sent jorj aandu dhii draagan", "sent polinte parivartthanam", "sent peettarinte kroosheekaranam" ennivayude ramgangalum valathuvashath "marubhoomiyile sent jerom", sent francis stigmatta sweekarikkunnu "," sent terrens "ennivayumundu. eee ramgangal shradhaapoorvvam thiranjedutthathaanu-udaaharanathinu, francis sabhayude rakshaadhikaariyaayirunnu, fraansiskan oordar vazhi sphorsayumaayi bandhappeduthukayum cheythu, jorjine sphoresa kottaravumaayi 'hollie naitt' enna nilayilum sent terrens (oru roman sainikanaayi kaanikkunnu) pesaroyude rakshaadhikaariyaaya vishudhanaayirunnu. saadhaaranayaayi aayudhangalkkaayi upayogikkunna sent georgine sent terrensineyum idathuvashathum valathuvashathumulla pradhana sthaanangalil sthaapikkunnathu orupakshe sphoresa kudumbatthinte sainika, pourashakthiye adivarayittirikkaam. sent terrensinu pinnil oru purathana roman prathimayundu, athu augustasine sthuthikkukayum addehathe dukumaayi anukoolamaayi thaarathamyam cheyyukayum cheiyunna oru likhithathinu mukalilaanu. 
peetta.
kristhuvinte shareeram munvashath kaanikkathe shavakudeerathinte attathu vishramikkunna prameyathinte muun chikilsakalilninnu verpeduthunna 106 centimeter x 84 centimeter piyattayaan eee kruthiyude mukalil neratthe undaayirunnathu. oru dassen kristhuvine pinnil ninnu uyarthunnu, nicodemus kristhuvinte kaii pidichirikkunna muttukuthunna merii magdaleynu oru paathram thailam nalkunnu.
1797ll pradhana paintingil ninnu verthirichedutha peetta paareesilekk kondupookukayum 1815ll antonio kanova veendedukkukayum romilek kondupookukayum cheythu. avide athu pinakoteka vaattikkaanaykk anuvadichu, avide athu ippozhum thoongikkidakkunnu. bartolomio montagna muthal jiovanni boonkonsigliyo vareyulla mattu niravadhi kalaakaaranmaarkk eee pietta nalkappettu, oduvil ithu andrea mantegnaykku nalkappedunnathinumbu. 1913-ll ezhuthumbol, frizoni ithine pesaro balipeetathinte mukal bhaagamaayi amgeekarichu, athinu pakaram sent painting aanu mukalil. jerom. ithaanu ippol samavaaya kaazhchappaad, ennirunnaalum ileana chiyappini vaadikkunnathu rund kruthikalkkum vyathyastha kendrabindukkalullathilla avaa vevvere srishtikkukayum pinneedu orumichu cherukayum cheythu ennaanu.
frame.
doge paskwale malipiyaroyude smaarakam (saandi jiovanni iii paavloykkaayi pietro lombardo roopakalppana cheythath), mantegnayude saan seno balipeetam thudangiya athe kaalaghattatthile veneeshyan shavasamskara smaarakangale ithu soochippikkunnu. saan giobe balipeetam, frari trippich thudangiya pilkkala kruthikalil paintinginte avibhaajya gadakamaayi frame upayogikkunnathu bellini kooduthal vikasippichu.