jeane namakaranam

jeevajaalangalile paarambaryatthinte unitukalaaya jeenukalude shaasthreeya naamakaranamaan jeane naamakarana reethi. jeenukalkkum avar coode cheiyunna proteinukalkkum saadhaaranayaayi samanamaaya naamakaranamullathinal ithu protein naamakaranavumayi adutha bandhamullathaan. oru anthaaraashtra samiti 1957-ll janithaka chinnangalkkum naamakaranatthinumulla shupaarshakal prasidheekarichu. manushya jeane perukalkkum chinnangalkkumaayi aupachaarika maargganirddeshangal vikasippikkendathinte aavasyakatha 1960-kalil amgeekarikkappedukayum 1979-ll poornna maargganirddeshangal purappeduvikkukayum cheythu (eddinberg human genome meating). mattu niravadhi januss-nirddishta gaveshana samoohangal (udha.jii.drosophila" fruit eechakal "," muzz "elikal) naamakarana maanadandangalum sweekarikkukayum avaa prasakthamaaya maathrukaa jeevajaalangalude websaittukalilum" janithakashaasthrathile pravanathakal "janithaka naamakarana guide ulppedeyulla shaasthreeya jenalukalilum prasidheekarikkukayum cheythu. oru prathyeka jeane kudumbavumaayi parichayamulla shaasthranjar puthiya vivarangal labhyamaakumbol muzhuvan jeenukaludeyum naamakaranavum parishkarikkaan orumichu pravarthichekkaam. niravadhi jeenukalkkum avayumaayi bandhapetta proteinukalkkum, shaasthreeya saahithyathilum pothu jaiva daattabesukalilum udaneelam ithara perukalude oru shekharam upayogikkunnu, ithu phalapradamaaya oorganaiseshanum jaiva vivarangalude kaimaattatthinum velluvili uyarthunnu. namakaranam swamedhayaa anusarikkappedunnunde, padasanchaya niyanthranathinteyum grandhasoochika niyanthranathinteyum nettangal nedaan naamakaranatthinte standerdisation shramikkunnu. vivara yugathinte varavu jeane oontoolaji konduvannu, ithu chila vidhangalil jeane naamakaranatthinte adutha gattamaanu, kaaranam ithu ellah speesheesukalilum jeeninteyum jeane uthppanna aatribyoottukaludeyum praathinidhyam ekeekarikkaan lakshyamidunnu.
protein naamakaranavumayulla bandham.
jeane naamakaranavum protein naamakaranavum vyathyastha shramangalalla; avaa ore mothatthinte vashangalaan. oru protein upayogikkunna eathu pero chihnamo athu encode cheiyunna jeeninum upayogikkaam, thirichum. ennaal shaasthram engane vikasichu ennathinte swabhaavam kaaranam (pathittaandukalaayi arivu kramena kandethappettukonnil), proteinukalum avayumaayi bandhapetta jeenukalum ellaayppozhum oresamayam kandethiyitla (kandethumbol ellaayppozhum shaareerikamaayi manassilakkaarilla), ithaanu protein jeane namangalum ellaayppozhum poruthappedaatthathinte ettavum valia kaaranam, allengil shaasthranjar proteininte oru chinnatheyo perineyo jeeninum mattonninum anukoolamaaya pravanatha kaanikkunnath. mattoru kaaranam, jeevajalangal, janussukal, kramangal, faila (homology, saamyam allengil randil chilathiloode) ennivayiludaneelam jeevante pala samvidaanangalum onnuthanneyo valare saamyamullatho aanu, athinaal oru protein palatharam jeevikalil ulppaadippikkaam; athinaal shaasthranjar swaabhaavikamaayum oru speesheesile (udaaharanathinu, elikal) mattoru speesheesile (udaaharanathinu, manushyar) athe chihnavum perum upayogikkunnu. aadyathe dwaithathaye (jeeninteyo proteininteo ore chihnavum perum) sambandhicha sandarbham saadhaaranayaayi shaasthreeya vaayanakkaarkk ardham vyakthamaakkunnu, koodaathe namakaranam cheiyunna samvidaanangal jeane ardhamaakkumbol oru chinnathinu itaalik upayogikkunnathiloodeyum protein ardhamaakkumbol playin (roman) upayogikkunnathiloodeyum chila prathyekathakal nalkunnu. randaamathe dwaithathaye sambandhichidatholam (oru protein palatharam jeevikalil endogenous aanu), namakaranam cheiyunna samvidaanangal vyathyastha mooladhanavalkkaranam upayogichu kuranjathu manushyan manushyan allatha prathyekathayum nalkunnu, ennirunnaalum shaasthranjar palappozhum eee vyathyasam avaganikkunnu, kaaranam ithu palappozhum jaivashaasthraparamaayi aprasakthamaan.
shaasthreeya arivu engane vikasichu ennathinte swabhaavam kaaranam, proteinukalkkum avayumaayi bandhapetta jeenukalkkum palappozhum paryayamaaya niravadhi perukalum chinnangalum undu. atharam moolyathakarcha swamedhayaa aanenkilum munbathe chilath puthiyavaykku anukoolamaayi nirasikkappettekkaam. chila pazhaya perukalum chinnangalum shaasthreeya saahithyathil vyaapakamaayi upayogikkappedunnathum (puthiyava srishtikkunnathinumbu ulppede) upayokthaakkalkkidayil nannayi sthaapithamaayathum aayathinal avaa nilanilkkunnu. udaaharanathinu, udaaharanathinu, "herr2" ennivayude paraamarshangal paryaayapadangalaanu.
avasaanamaayi, jeenukalum proteinukalum thammilulla parasparabandham ellaayppozhum parasparam (rund dishakalilum) allah; chila sandarbhangalil ithu onniladhikam allengil onniladhikam aakam, perukalum chinnangalum jeane-nirddishtamo protein-nirddishtamo aayirikkam. 
speeshees-nirddishta maargganirddeshangal.
hugo jeane naamakarana samithikk manushya jeane naamakarana maargganirddeshangal nalkunnathinum puthiyathum savisheshavumaaya manushya jeane namangalum chinnangalum (saadhaaranayaayi churukkipparayunnathiloode srishtikkunna hraswa identifierukal) amgeekarikkunnathinum utharavaadithamundu. chila manushyetara jeevajaalangalkk, maathrukaa jeevikalude daattabesukal maarganirddeshangaludeyum sahaaya vibhavangaludeyum kendra shekharangalaayi varthikkunnu, curetermaarudeyum naamakarana kammittikaludeyum upadesham ulppede. speeshees-nirddishta daattaabesukalkk purame, niravadhi speesheesukalude amgeekritha jeane namangalum chinnangalum naashanal sentar phoor biotechnology informationte "entress jeane" daattaabesil sthaapikkaam.
bacteria janithaka namakaranam.
baakteeriyakalile jeenukalkku peridunnathinu pothuve amgeekarikkappetta niyamangalum kanvenshanukalum undu. 1966ll demerech mattullavarum chernnaanu maanadandangal nirddeshichathu.
pothuvaaya niyamangal.
oro baakteeriyal jeenineyum moonnu lover cases aksharangalude oru ormmakkurippu soochippikkunnu, ithu jeane uthppannam ulppedunna paathayeyo prakriyayeo soochippikkunnu, thudarnnu yadhaartha jeenine soochippikkunna oru valia aksharam. chila sandarbhangalil, jeane aksharathe thudarnnu oru aaleel nambar undakam. ellah aksharangalum akkangalum adivarayidukayo itaalik cheiyukayo cheiyunnu. udaaharanathinu, lucine biosynthetic paathayile jeenukalilonnaanu "luva", eee jeeninte oru prathyeka alleelaanu "luva 273".
jeane coode cheytha yadhaartha protein ariyappedumbol athu oormmayude adisthaanathinte bhaagamaayi mariyekkaam, athinaal
chila jeane padanaamangal ariyappedunna oru pothu pravartthanatthe soochippikkunnu
pravachicha jeenukal.
1998-leeii "iii" enna vishakalanathil. anjjaathamaaya pravartthanamulla dhaaraalam jeenukalaaya koolii genome, "vaii" enna aksharathil aarambikkunna perukalum thudarnnu oormmappeduthal ardhamillaatha (udha.jii., ydio", "ydbk"). niyukthamayathumuthal, chila "vaii-jeenukalkku" oru function undennu sthireekarikkukayum ithu amgeekarikkunnathinaayi oru paryaaya (badal) peru nalkukayum cheythu. ennirunnaalum, vaii-jeenukalkku ellaayppozhum kooduthal savisheshathakal nalkia sesham punarnaamakaranam cheyyappedaathathinaal, eee padavi oru jeeninte praadhaanyatthinte vishwasaneeyamaaya soochakamalla.
saadhaarana oormmakkurippukal.
biosynthetic jeenukal.
jeane pravartthanatthinte nashtam wilde type (prototrophy) prakadippikkaattha poshaka aavashyakathayilekku (auxotrophy) nayikkunnu.
amino aasidukal
chila pathakal onniladhikam paathakalude mungamikalaaya metabolittukal uthpaadippikkunnu. athinaal, eee ensaimukalilonninte nashtam onniladhikam amino aasidukalude aavashyakathayilekku nayikkum. udaaharanathina
nucleodideukal
vitaaminukal
kaattabolik jeenukal.
jeane pravartthanatthinte nashtam samyukthathe catabolise (upayogam) cheyyaanulla kazhivu nashtappedaan kaaranamaakunnu.
parivartthana namakaranam.
chodyam cheyyappedunna jeane wilde type aanenkil '+' enna superscript adayaalam upayogikkunnu
oru jeane mutent aanenkil, athine '-' enna superscript kondu soochippikkunnu
parambaraagathamaayi, randum upayogichillengil, athu mutentaayi kanakkaakkappedunnu.
mutationekkurichu kooduthal vivarangal nalkunna adhika soopparskriptukalum subscriptukalum undu
mattu parishkkaranangal
phenotype naamakarana reethi.
genotype (jeane) paraamarshikkumbol memonic itaalik aanu, capitalise cheythitilla. jeane uthppannatheyo phenotypineo paraamarshikkumbol, memonic aadya aksharam capitalise cheythathaanu, italais cheythathalla ("iii.jii."dna-dna jeane uthppaadippikkunna protein; leuva-- oru" "leuva" "myoottantinte phenotype; aambar-β-lactamase jeeninte" "bla" "yude aambisilin-resistans phenotype)".
baakteeriyal protein namakaranam.
protein namangal jeane namangalkk thulyamaanu, pakshe protein namangal itaalik allah, aadya aksharam valia aksharamaanu. iii.jii. rna polymerasinte peru arpob ennaanu, eee protein "arpob" jeane encode cheythirikkunnu.
kasherukkal jeane, protein chinnangal ennivayude kanvenshanukal.
kasherukkal maathrkayilulla jeevikalude gaveshana samoohangal maargganirddeshangal sweekarichittundu, athil eee speesheesukalile jeenukalkku saadhyamaakumbozhellaam avayude manushya oorthologukalude athe perukal nalkunnu. speesheesukale soochippikkaan jeane chinnangalil prefixukalude upayogam (udha.jii.seabrafishinu "z") niruthsaahappeduthunnu. achadicha jeeninteyum protein chinnangaludeyum shupaarsha cheyyappedunna formatting oro speesheesilum vyathyaasappedunnu.
chihnavum perum.
kasherukkalkkum proteinukalkkum perukalum chinnangalum undu (saadhaaranayaayi vaakkukalude charadukal), avaa hraswa identifierukalaanu (saadhaaranayaayi 3 muthal 8 vare pratheekangal). udaaharanathinu, jeane cytotoxic tii-lymphocytumaayi bandhapetta protein 4 nuu echgnc chihnam "ctla 4" undu. eee chinnangal saadhaaranayaayi, ennaal ellaayppozhum allah, churukkalo perinte churukkezhutho upayogichaanu srishtikkappedunnathu. ennirunnaalum, avaa poornnamaaya identifierukalaanu enna ardhathil avaa kapada-churukkezhuthukalaanu-adisthaanaparamaayi hraswa perukal. prarambha aksharangal "poruthappedunnundo" ennathu pariganikkathe avaa jeane/protein naamatthinte (allengil athinte eathenkilum aparanamangal) paryaayamaan (nilakollunnathinupakaram). udaaharanathinu, "akt1" enna vairal oongoojeen homologue 1 enna jeeninte chinnamaaya "akt" enna perinte churukkapperaayi parayaan kazhiyilla, koodaathe "akt", "pkb", "prkba", "rac" enniva ulppedunna athinte vividha paryaayapadangalonnum parayaan kazhiyilla. athinaal, oru jeane chinnatthinte jeane naamavumayulla bandham pravartthanaparamaayi oru aupachaarika naamavumayulla vilipperumaayi bandhappettirikkunnu (randum poornna identifierukalaanu)-ithu athinte vipuleekaranavumaayulla oru churukkezhuthu bandhamalla. eee ardhathil avaa sii sisttathile alaveduppinte yoonittukalude chinnangalkk samaanamaan (kilometerinu kilometer polullava), avaye churukkezhuthukalekkaal yadhaartha logogramukalaayi kaanaan kazhiyum. chilappol vyathyasam akkaadamikamaanu, pakshe ellaayppozhum allah. vegfa" ennathu "vascular endothelial groth factor eiii" ennathinte churukkapperaanennu parayunnath thettallengilum, "kilometer" ennathinte churukkapperaaya "kilometer" ennathu thettalla ennathupole, aaa prasthavanakal pidichedukkunnathinnekkal chinnangalude aupachaarikathaykku kooduthal undu.
oru jeane kudumbatthinte chinnangalude moolabhaagathe moolabhaagathe, (serpin1, serpin2 thudangiyavayile "serpin" root polullava) root chihnam ennu vilikkunnu.
manushyan.
hugo jeane naamakarana samithikk manushya jeane naamakarana maargganirddeshangal nalkunnathinum puthiyathum savisheshavumaaya manushya jeane namangalum chinnangalum (saadhaaranayaayi churukkipparayunnathiloode srishtikkunna hraswa identifierukal) amgeekarikkunnathinum utharavaadithamundu. ellah manushya jeane perukalum chinnangalum echgnc websaittil oonlainil tirayan kazhiyum, avayude roopeekaranathinulla maargganirddeshangal avide labhyamaan. manushyarkkulla maargganirddeshangal pothuve kasherukkalude valia paridhiyumayi yukthisahamaayi yojikkunnu, koodaathe kasherukkalkk avarude manushya oorthologukal/paaraalogukalkk anusrithamaayi perittirikkunnuvennu urappaakkunnathin nilavilulla naamakarana samithiyillaathe ellah kasherukkalkkum chinnangal nalkunnathilekku echgncyude remit aduthide vipuleekarichu. manushya jeane chinnangal saadhaaranayaayi itaalik aanu, ellah aksharangalum valiyaksharathilaan (udha.jii.," shh ", soonik mullanpaambinu). jeane kaattalogukalil itaaliks aavasyamilla. protein padanaamangal jeane chinnathinu thulyamaanu, avaa itaalik allaathavayallaathe. jeane chihnam pole, avaa manushyan (manushya-nirddishta allengil manushya homologue) ennathinaal ellah thoppikalilum undu. emrnakalum cdnakalum jeane chinnatthinte athe formatting kanvenshanukal upayogikkunnu. jeenukalude kudumbangalkk peridunnathinu, vividha jeane chinnangalude verayi oru "root chihnam" upayogikkaan echu. jii. enn. sii shupaarsha cheiyunnu. udaaharanathinu, peroxyredoxine kudumbatthinu, "pii. aarr. dii. ex" aanu root chihnam, kudumba amgangal "pii. aarr. dii. ex 1", "pii. aarr. dii. ex 2", "pii. aarr. dii. ex 3", "pii. aarr. dii. ex 4", "pii. aarr. dii. ex 5", "pii. aarr. dii. ex 6" ennivayaanu.
eliyum eliyum.
aadya aksharam valiyaksharathilum backie aksharangal cheriyaksharatthilum ("shh") ulla jeane chinnangal saadhaaranayaayi itaalik aanu. web pejukalil itaaliks aavasyamilla. protein padanaamangal jeane chinnathinu thulyamaanu, pakshe avaa itaalik allah, avayellaam upper cases (shh) aanu.
chikkan (gallus ezz. pii.).).
namakaranam saadhaaranayaayi manushyanamakaranam sambandhicha kanvenshanukal pinthudarunnu. ellah aksharangalum valiyaksharangalil (udha.jii., nlgn1", nlgn1". protein padanaamangal jeane chinnathinu thulyamaanu, pakshe avaa itaalik allah; ellah aksharangalum valiyaksharathilaan (enlgn 1). emrnakalum cdnakalum jeane chinnatthinte athe formatting kanvenshanukal upayogikkunnu.
anol pallikal ("anolys" sp.).
jeane chinnangal itaalik cheythirikkunnu, ellah aksharangalum cheriyaksharatthilaanu ("shh"). protein padanaamangal avayude jeane chinnathil ninnu vyathyasthamaan; avaa itaalik allah, ellah aksharangalum valiyaksharathilaan (shh).
thavala ("senopus" sp.).
jeane chinnangal itaalik cheythirikkunnu, ellah aksharangalum cheriyaksharatthilaanu ("shh"). protein padanaamangal jeane chinnathinu thulyamaanu, pakshe avaa itaalik allah; aadya aksharam valiyaksharathilum backie aksharangal cheriyaksharathilumaanu (shh).
seabrafish.
ellah aksharangalum cheriyaksharangalil ("shh") ulla jeane chinnangal itaalik cheythirikkunnu. protein padanaamangal jeane chinnathinu thulyamaanu, pakshe avaa itaalik allah; aadya aksharam valiyaksharathilum backie aksharangal cheriyaksharathilumaanu (shh).
jeane, protein chihnavum koppi edittingile vivaranavum.
"vipuleekaranam" (glossing).
medical jenalukalkkum mattu aarogya shaasthra prasidheekaranangalkkumal lekhanangalude pakarppavalkkaranatthil eathaandu saarvathrikamaaya oru niyamam, oru thilangunna tharatthilulla vishadeekaranam nalkunnathinu churukkezhuthukalum churukkezhuthukalum aadya upayogathil thanne vipuleekarikkanam ennathaanu. saadhaaranayaayi ariyappedunna padangalude ("dna" allengil "echuaivi" polullava) cheria listtukalallaathe oru ozhivaakkalum anuvadikkunnilla. uyarnna vishayaparichayamulla vaayanakkaarkk eee vipuleekaranangalil bhooribhaagavum aavashyamillengilum, intermediat allengil (prathyekichu) kuranja vaidagdhyamullavarkku avar uchithamaaya sevanam nalkunnu.
eee pothuvaaya niyamathilekku konduvarunna oru sankeernnatha, avaa krithyamaayi paranjaal, churukkezhuthukalo churukkezhuthukalo allah ennathaanu, avayil palathum yadhaarthathil churukkezhuthu allengil churukkezhuthu padaprayogatthiloodeyaanu srishtichathu. avaa eathenkilum vipuleekaranathe "soochippikkunnilla" ennathinaal avaa kapadanamangalaanu ("saatt", "kfc" ennivayum). pakaram, oru jeane chinnatthinte jeane naamavumayulla bandham pravartthanaparamaayi oru aupachaarika naamavumayulla vilipperumaayi bandhappettirikkunnu (randum poornna identifierukalaanu)-ithu athinte vipuleekaranavumaayulla oru churukkezhuthu bandhamalla. vaasthavathil, pala audyogika jeane chinnangalum-jeane neyim jodikalum avarude prarambha akshara sequenceukal polum pankidunnilla (chilar cheiyunnundenkilum). ennirunnaalum, jeane, protein chinnangal "churukkezhuthukalum churukkezhuthukalum pole kaanapedunnu, avaye" vipuleekarikkunnathil "paraajayappedunnathu (ithu yadhaarthathil oru paraajayamallengilum yadhaartha vipuleekaranangalonnumille) spell-outtu-ool-acronyms niyamam lamghikkunnathaayi kaanapedunnu.
eee rund athirshakthikaleyum samanvayippikkunnathinu oru pothu maarggam ellah jeane, protein chinnangaleyum glossing niyamathil ninnu ozhivaakkuka ennathaanu. ithu theerchayaayum vegathilum eluppathilum cheyyaan kazhiyunnathaanu, koodaathe uyarnna prathyekathayulla jenalukalilum ithu nyaayeekarikkappedunnu, kaaranam muzhuvan taargett vaayanakkarkkum uyarnna vishaya vaidagdhyamundu. (chinnangalude saannidhyam (ariyappettatho puthumayullatho aakatte) vidagthare aashayakkuzhappathilaakkunna, aavashyamenkil kooduthal vishadaamshangalkkaayi avaa oonlainil evide parishodhikkanamenn avarkariyaam.) ennaal vishalavum kooduthal pothuvayathumaaya taargett readershippukalulla jenalukale sambandhichidatholam, eee nadapadi vaayanakkaare vishadeekarana vyaakhyaanangalonnumille vidukayum prathyaksha-samkshiptharoopam enthineyaanu soochippikkunnathennum enthukondaanu athu vishadeekarikkaathathennum avare aashcharyappeduthukayum cheyyum. athinaal, audyogika jeane/protein chinnatthinte aadya upayogathinu sesham audyogika jeane naamamo anuyojyamaaya hraswa vivaranamo (jeane aparanamam/mattu padavi) paraantheesukalil iduka ennathaanu oru nalla badal pariharam. ithu aupachaarikamaaya aavasyavum (oru glossinte saannidhyam) pravarthanaparamaaya aavasyavum (chinnathe enthaanu soochippikkunnathennu arian vaayanakkaarane sahayikkunnu) niravettunnu. athe maargganirddesham sequence vyathiyanangalkkulla hraswanaamangalkkum baadhakamaan; amaa parayunnu, "pothuvaaya medical prasidheekaranangalil, aadya paraamarshatthil hraswanama padangalkkoppam vaachaka vishadeekaranangalum undaayirikkanam."athinaal" "188 "188 "neey" "nucleotide 188-ll 11-bipi illaathaakkal" "ennu vilikkunnu. eee corolary niyamam (spell-everything-outtu niyamathinu anubandhamaayi ithu roopappedunnu) palappozhum sameepa varshangalil kooduthal prachaaratthilirikkunna" "churukka-leading" "vipuleekarana sailiyum pinthudarunnu". parambaraagathamaayi, churukkezhuthu ellaayppozhum aadya upayogathil thanne paraantheesukalile poornnamaayum vikasippicha roopathe pinthudarunnu. ithu ippozhum pothuvaaya niyamamaan. ennaal chila tharam churukkezhuthukalkko churukkezhuthukalkko (klinikkal trial churukkezhuthukal [e.jii.ecog" allengil staanderd polychemotherapy rejimens [udha.jii.," choppu "]), eee paatten vipareethamaakkaam, kaaranam hraswa roopam kooduthal vyaapakamaayi upayogikkunnu, koodaathe vipuleekaranam kaiyilulla charchayude parenthittikkal maathramaan. jeane/protein chinnangalude kaaryatthilum ithu sariyaanu.
paryaayangalum muun chinnangalum perukalum.
hugo jeane naamakarana samiti (echu. jii. enn. sii) oro manushya jeeninum oru audyogika chihnavum perum athupole paryaayapadangaludeyum muun chinnangaludeyum perukaludeyum patikayum paripaalikkunnu. udaaharanathinu, "aff 1" (eiii. eph. 4/eph. emm. aarr 2 kudumbam, amgam 1) ennathinu, muun chinnangalum perukalum "emm. ell. ell. tii 2" ("myelooid/lymphoid allengil mixed-leenej leukemia (triathorax (drosophila) homologue); 2" lake translocate cheythirikkunnu), "pbm 1" ("pree-bii-sell monoosaitik leukemia paartnar 1"), paryaayapadangal "eiii. eph-4", "eiii. eph 4" ennivayaanu. jenal lekhanangalude rachayithakkal palappozhum ettavum puthiya audyogika chihnavum perum upayogikkunnu, pakshe palappozhum avar saahithyathile munkaala upayogathaal nannayi sthaapithamaaya paryaayangalum muun chinnangalum perukalum upayogikkunnu. rachayithakkal ettavum kaalikamaaya padam upayogikkanam", "oru jeeninekkurichulla eathu charchayilum, amgeekritha jeane chinnathe eathenkilum ghattathil paraamarsikkaan shupaarsha cheiyunnu, praadhaanyathode sheershakathilum prasakthamaanenkil amoorthamaayum."oru kaiyezhuthuprathiyiludee jeane, protein naamakaranangal maattiyezhuthunnathin koppi edittarmaare pratheekshikkukayo anuvadikkukayo cheyyaathathinaal (prathyeka asainmentukalekkurichu apoorva express nirddeshangal ozhike), paryaayapadangalo pazhaya chinnangalo upayogikkunna kaiyezhuthuprathikalile madhyabhagam koppi edittar jeeninteyo proteininteyo aadya paraamarshatthil nilavile audyogika chinnathe oru paarantettikkal gloss aayi paraamarsikkukayum sthireekaranathinulla anweshanavum cherkkunnu ennathaanu.
stailing.
chila adisthaana kanvenshanukal, udaaharanathinu (1) mrugangal/manushyar (orthologue) jody akshara kesil (taittil kesum ellah kyaappukalum yathaakramam) vyathyaasappettirikkunnu, (2) jeenine paraamarshikkumbol chihnam itaalik aanenkilum proteine paraamarshikkumbol nonitaalik aanennu, palappozhum medical jenalukalile sambhavakar pinthudarunnilla. sankeernamaaya janithaka charchakalil vishaya-vishaya vidagtharkku (ezz. emm. iii.) maathrame avayellaam anaayaasamaayi paazhs cheyyaan kazhiyoovenkilum pala jenalukalilum koppi edittarmaar saadhyamaaya paridhivare casing formatting punarroopakalppana cheiyunnu. chila audyogika jeane namangalil "protein" enna vaakk undu ennathaanu smess ithararkkidayile avyakthathayude saadhyatha vyakthamaakkunna oru udaaharanam, athinaal "braine protein aii3 (" (" ")" (jeenine soochippikkunnu), "braine protein aii3 aii3 (proteine soochippikkunnu) ennee padangal randum saadhuthayullathaanu. amaa maanuval" mattoru udaaharanam nalkunnu "th jeane", "th" jeane "enniva shariyaayi paazhs cheyyaan kazhiyum (" tyrosine hydroxylasinulla jeane "), kaaranam aadyathethu aparanamam (vivaranam) paraamarsikkunnu, randaamathethu chinnathe paraamarsikkunnu. ithu uparithalathil aashayakkuzhappamundaakkunnathu thonnumenkilum thaazhepparayunna reethiyil vishadeekarikkumbol manassilakkaan eluppamaanu eee jeeninte kaaryatthilum, mattu palareyum pole, aparanamam (vivaranam) chihnam upayogikkunna athe akshara string upayogikkunnu. (aksharangalude poruthappedutthal theerchayaayum uthbhavathil churukkezhuthaanu, athinaal "sambhavikkunnu" enna vaachakam yadhaarthathil ullathinekkaal kooduthal yaadrishchikathaye soochippikkunnu; ennaal aaa reethiyil padaprayogam cheiyunnathu vishadeekaranam kooduthal vyakthamakkaan sahayikkunnu.) enn. sii. bii. aii jeane polulla daattaabesile kayyezhuthuprathiyil ninnulla oro jean nokkaathe, athinte chihnam, peru, aparanamam enniva avalokanam cheyyaathe, kurachu maanasika cross-referencing eratta parisodhanayum nadathaathe (koodaathe ithu biochemical arivu nedaan sahayikkunnu) eathenkilum prathyeka akshara stringinte kaaryatthilaanennu oru noonn-smeak arian oru margavumilla. mikka medical jenalukalum avarude koppi editting sevana thalatthinte bhaagamaayi aaa thalatthilulla vastutha parishodhanaykk panam nalkunnilla (chila sandarbhangalil kazhiyilla); athinaal, athu rachayithaavinte utharavaadithamaayi thudarunnu. ennirunnaalum, neratthe soochippichathupole, pala rachayithaakkalum lettar cases allengil itaalik maargganirddeshangal palikkaan sramikkunnilla; protein chinnangale sambandhichidatholam, avar palappozhum audyogika chihnam upayogikkilla. udaaharanathinu, maargganirddeshangal manushyaril p53 proteine "tp53" allengil elikalil "trp53" ennu vilikkumenkilum, mikka rachayithaakkalum ithine randilum "p53" ennu vilikkunnu (edittukaloo chodyangalo sramichaal athine "tp53" ennu vilikkaan polum visammathikkunnu), sasthanikalude speesheesukal pariganikkathe thanne niravadhi proteinukal adisthaanaparamaayi allengil krithyamaayi ore thanmaathrakalaanenna jaiva thathwam kaaranam. jeenine sambandhichidatholam, rachayithakkal saadhaaranayaayi athine manushyanirddishta chihnavum valiyaksharamaaya "tii. pii. 53" ennum vilikkaan thayyaaraan, oru chodyavum aavasyappedaathe thanne angane cheythekkaam. ennaal eee gadakangalude anthimaphalam prasidheekaricha saahityam palappozhum naamakarana maargganirddeshangal poornnamaayum palikkunnilla ennathaanu.

