
siamese-vietnaamees yuddham (1841-1845)

chakravarthiyaaya thiu tru bharichirunna deynavum chakri rajaavaaya nanglaavoyude bharanathin keezhilulla siam raajyavum thammilulla sainika samghattanamaayirunnu siamese-vietnaamees yuddham. muun siamese-vietnaamees yudhathil (1831-1834) cambodia keezhadakkaan siam shramichathinethudarnnu thaazhnna mccong thadatthile cambodian hridayabhoomiyude niyanthranathecholli vietnaamum siam thammilulla sathrutha rookshamaayirunnu. vietnaamees chakravarty miin mang 1834-ll cambodia bharikkan aung meyiye rajakumari niyamikkukayum kambodiayude mail poornna aadhipathyam prakhyapikkukayum cheythu, athu addeham viyatnaaminte 32-aamath pravisyayaaya "padinjaaran commandary" (thaay thaan pravishya) aayi tharamthaazhthukayum cheythu. 1841-ll vietnaamees bharanathinethiraaya khemar kalaapathe sahayikkaan siam athrupthi nediya avasaram upayogichu. aung duong rajakumarane kambodiyayile rajaavaayi niyamikkaan moonnaaman rajaavu oru sainyathe ayachu. naalu varshathe yudhathinushesham iru kakshikalum vittuveezhcha cheyyaan sammathikkukayum kambodiya samyuktha bharanathinu keezhil konduvarikayum cheythu.
pashchaathalam.
pathinettaam noottaandil orikkal shakthamaayirunna khemar saamraajyathe athinte kizhakkan, padinjaaran ayalrajyangalaaya vietnaam, siam enniva kooduthal swaadheenichu. cheruppakkaaranaaya khemar rajaavaaya aung enginte (1779-96) bharanakaalathu siam padinjaaru cambodiayile battambang, seam koyyal pravishyakal keezhadakki. nerittulla siamese bharanathin keezhil pravishya bharanadhikaarikal saamanthanmaraayi maari.
pathinezhaam noottaandinte thudakkathil, cambodian raajakudumbathile amgangale bandikalaakkunna paarambaryam siam aadyamaayi sweekarikkukayum avare ayuthaayayile kottaratthilekku kondupookukayum cheythu, avide avare swaadheenikkaanum sayamese parishodhanaykk keezhil parasparam vittuveezhcha cheyyaanum vittayachu. hyoovile vietnaamees kodathiyum aaa reethikal sthaapikkukayum avarude anuyaayikale naipunyathode aasoothranam cheyyukayum vivaha nayangalil edapedukayum cheythu. rajakeeya malsaraarthikal thammilulla kalahangal niravadhi pathittaandukalaayi phalapradamaaya oru compodian raajathvam punasthaapikkaanulla saadhyathakale valareyadhikam kurachu.
siamese-vietnaamees yudhathil (1831-1834) siyaaminte paraajayathinu sesham vietnaamees aung chaan raajaavine compodian simhaasanathilekku veendum niyamichu. oru siamese bandiyaayirunna aung emm rajakumarane chaavo fraya bodindecha (1794 muthal battambang seam koyyalum siyaaminte nerittulla bharanathin keezhilaayirunnu) battaambaanginte gavarnarakki. ennirunnaalum, 1834 januvariyil aung chaan rajaavu marikkukayum naalu penmakkale avasheshippikkukayum cheythu, pakshe oru purusha anantharaavakaashiyum avasheshichilla. 1834-ll miin maang chakravarty aung meyiye cambodia bharikkan raajnjiyaayi thiranjedutthu. ennirunnaalum, miin maang kambodiya vietnaamees saamraajyathil taaythaan pravisyayaayi ulppeduthiyathinaal, rajakeeya adhikaarangalillaatha oru paava raajnji mathramaayirunnu aung meeii raajnji. vaisroyiyaayi niyamithanaaya trung miin giyanginaayirunnu kambodiyayile vietnaamees bharanam nalkiyathu. pravishyayude sarkkar noom penn aasthaanamaakkiyaayirunnu.
miin maang chakravarty saamskaarikavum saambathikavum vamsheeyavumaaya vikasanathinum kambodiayude swaamsheekaranathinumaayi vipulamaaya padhathikalum roopakalppanakalum theerumaanikkukayum avaye trung miin giangilekku kaimarukayum cheythirunnu. ennirunnaalum, kambodiyayude saambathikavum saamoohikavumaaya yaadhaarthyangal ellah sramangaleyum paraajayappeduthi, oru pathittaandilereyaayi oru purogathiyum undayittilla.
aung meyiyude apamanakaramaaya bharanathinethire nadapadiyedukkaan battambang gavarnaraaya aung emm rajakumaran theerumaanichu. 1838 desemberil aung emm siamese tutalegil ninnu viyatnaamilekku koorumari, trung miin giang thanne rajaavaakkumenna pratheekshayil noom pennil ethi. ennirunnaalum, trung avare arast cheyyukayum huvilake ayaykkukayum cheythu. 1839ll sthithigathikal laghookarikkunnathinaayi siamese general chauphraya bodindecha baankokkil ninnu battaambaangilekk march nadatthi. 1840-ll miin maang raajnjiyaaya aung meyeyum avarude sahodarimaareyum sthaanabhrashtaraakkaan utharavittu, avarude padavi illaathaakki. chauviya tolaha long ulppedeyulla unnathalathilulla cambodian manthrimaare huvilake naadukadatthi, avide avare pinneedu vadakkan viyatnaamilekku naadukadatthi. sayamese anukoola raajnjiyaayirunna aung meyude mootha sahodariyaaya aung beyne rajakumari battaambaangil vachu siyaameesumaayi sahakarichu pidikoodukayum long hoyil mungimarichu vadikkukayum cheythu. aung meyeyum mattu rajakumaarimaareyum pinneedu poulo kondorilekku naadukadatthi. eee sambhavangal, vietnaamees adichamarthalukalumaayi samyojippichu, kaambodiyakkaare vietnaamees bharanathinethire thuranna kalaapathilekku nayichu. 1840 novemberil parsaat govarnor okanha surkilokku bodindecha kandumuttukayum kambodiyayile ellah sradheyamaaya vaasasthalangalilum kaavalkkaare vahichirunna vietnaamees sainyathe purathaakkaan siamese sainyathodu abhyarthikkukayum puthiya cambodian rajaavaayi aung duoongine mochippikkanamennu raama moonnaaman rajaavinu aupachaarika nivedanam nalkukayum cheythu. aung eminte ilaya sahodaranaaya aung duong rajakumarane cambodian simhaasanathilekkulla puthiya sthaanaarthiyaayi siam pinneedu amgeekarichu.
sainika prachaaranangal.
1840-1842-nte sayamese akramanangal.
1840 novemberil, vietnaamees senayude kaivashamundaayirunna parsaat uparodhikkaan siamese yudhaprabhuvaaya chaufrayaa bodindecha thante makan fra fromboriraakkinteyum bhaaryaasahodaran chau fraya nakhon rachasima thonginteyum neethrthwathil sainikare sisophonil ninnu ayachu. noom penn akramikkaan sayamese sainyam thekkott neengiyathinaal parsaat uparodham vijayakaramaayirunnu.
doone vaan saachu kaivashappeduthiyirunna kampong swaay pidichedukkaan bodindecha fraya raachanikulinte neethrthwathil sainyatheyum ayachu. siamese kampong swaay pidichadakkiyenkilum chikreng yudhathil trung miin gianginode parajayappettu. fraya rachanikulinte sainyam vichedikkappedukayum kanatha nashtatthode pinvaangendivarikayum cheythu. 1840 desember 31 nuu, troong miin giang addehathe sameepikkunnathin munbu, bodindecha samadhaanaparamaaya oru keezhadangal charcha nadatthi.
phaam vaan deoninte keezhil sainyathe ayacha miin maang chakravarty 1841 februvariyil kuthirayil ninnu veenathine thudarnnu marichu. puthiya chakravarthiyaaya thiu tran kambodiyayile vietnaamees nayangal maattukayum ellah vietnaamees sena pinvalikkaan utharavidukayum cheythu. 1841 oktobarode vietnaamees oru jiang pravishyayilekku pinwangi. viceroi trung miin giang noom pennine ozhippichu, chaakkilekku pinwangi. oduvil, kambodiayude nashtatthinte utharavaaditham ettedukkaan trung miin giang aathmahathya cheythu.
vietnaamees koorumariya rajakumaaranaaya aung emmine cambodian pinthuna samaharikkunnathinaayi oru jiangilekku kondupoyi. ennirunnaalum, bodindecha ippol athirillaathe, audongile simhaasanathil rajakumaran aung duongine sahayikkaanum ippozhum kambodiyayil chitharikkidakkunna backie vietnaamees janataye koottakkola cheyyaanum thante makan fra fromborirakkine ayachu.
haah teyninethireyulla sayamese akramanam.
kambodiyayil sayamese aadhipathyam sthaapithamaayathinushesham, moonnaamathe rajaavu cambodian-vietnaamees athirthiyil winn they kanalinu utharavittu, ithu vietnaamees naavika senaye thayland ulkkadalilekku vegathil praveshikkaan praapthamakki. kanalinu haah tian, jiang ennividangalil sakthamaaya vietnaamees sainyam kaaval nilkkunnuvennu bodindecha raajaavine oormmippichu. pradesham akramikkaan kooduthal sainikare aavashyamaayirunnu. angane rajaavu thante ardhasahodaranaaya rajakumaran isaarettineyum (pinneedu viceroi pinklavo), chuwang bannagin (fraaklaanginte makan, pinneedu somdettu chaavo fraya shree suriyavongse) anchu brigainteenukaleyum haah tien (banthey maas) oru giang pravishya akramikkaan chaavo fraya yomaraj bannakkinteyum prins aung duoonginteyum neethrthwathilulla oru karasena akramikkaan ayachu.
1842 januvariyil isarett rajakumaranteyum chuwang bannaginteyum kappalppada phu kwak dveepil ethi. isarett rajakumaran dveepil thaamasikkukayum haah tiene akramikkaan chuwang bannaginode utharavidukayum cheythu. chauvaang bannag sayamese brigaintainsine haah tien akramikkaan nayikkukayum 1842 march 10 nuu qoo toow parvvatham pidichedukkaan oru compodian senaye ayaykkukayum cheythu. sayamese peerankippada haah tien theevramaayi shellakramanam nadatthi. haah teeninte prathirodhakkaranaaya doone saachu, nagaram shakthippeduthi, athu veenilla. oraazhchathe aakramanangalkk sheshavum chuwang bannaginu appozhum haah tinn edukkaan kazhinjilla. thudarnnu chuwang phu kwaakkile rajakumaran isaarettine sandarshichu, avar vietnaamees janasamkhyayum prathikoola kaattum kaaranam march 26 nuu pinmaran theerumaanichu. haah tien uparodhathil vietnaamees siamese janathaykkethire prathirodham nadathiyirunnu. kodo yudhathil siamese-khemar sainyathe paraajayappeduthaan enguen tri phuwang vietnaamees senaye nayichu. isaarett rajakumaran chuwang bannag pinneedu siamese sainyathe chantaaburiyilekku madangaan nayichu.
oru giang frond.
oru jiang frondil, chaavo fraya yomaraj bannak prins aung duoongum 1842 januvariyil 12,000 oolam siamese sainikarkk vinh teey kanal oru jiang pravisyayum pidichedukkaan utharavidukayum haah vuu jiangilekku nuzhanjukayarukayum cheythu. siamese aakramanangale pinthirippikkaan nguen kong naan parajayappettu, koodaathe thaayoo tran sainyathe shakthippeduthunnathino ayachu. aan jiang, haah tian pravishyakalude gavarnaraaya phaam vaan dioon oru jiangine prathirodhikkaan chernnenkilum 1842 eprilil asukham baadhichu marichu.
eprilil vietnaamees sainyam oru thirichuvaravu nadatthi, athu siamese senaye pinthirippichu. 1842 epril 8 nuu chau fraya yomaraj bannak sayamese chau duckle paraajayappedukayum kanatha nashtam anubhavikkukayum noom pennilekku pinvaangukayum cheythu. sayamese sainyathile ekadesham 1,200 thaayikalum 2,000 cambodian sainikarum kollappettu. onpathu compodian "okanha" prabhukkanmaar kollappettu. yomarajinu thanne parikkelkkukayum addehathinte oru makan marikkukayum vietnaamees pinthudarunnathu nirthukayum cheythu. enguen kong nhane oru jiang, haah tien pravishyakalude puthiya govarnoraayi niyamichu.
interbellum (1842-1845).
1842 muthal 1843 vare shaamavum rogangalum kambodiya nasippikkukayum, yudhathil earppettirunna iru kakshikalum manushyasakthiyum vibhavangalum theernnathinaal yuddham avasaanikkukayum cheythu.
aung duong rajakumaran addehathinte rakshaadhikaari fra fromborirakkum audongil sthaanam ettedukkukayum battaambaangil bodindecha avare pinthunaykkukayum cheythu. vietnaamees chakravarty thiu throo cambodian royaltikal anuvadichu, mattu raajakumaarikalum, thola ulppedeyulla cambodian prabhukkanmaarum kambodiyayilekku madangaan deerghakaalam anuvadichu. avar hyoovil ninnu vannu chaak enna sthalathu enguin tri foungil chernnu. ennirunnaalum, 1843 maarchil aung emm rajakumaran marikkukayum aung meeii rajakumari maathrame vietnaamees niyanthranatthil avasheshippikkukayum cheythu. 1845ll bodindecha baankokkilekku madangi, addehathodoppam chauviya tolaha prome puthiya cambodian pradhaanamantri aung duongle ninnu moonnaamathe rajaavaaya ramanu adaranjali arppikkan baankokkilekku pooyi.
1845leeii vietnaamees akramanangal.
1841leeii siamese prachaaranangal shaashvathamaaya samadhaanam konduvarunnathil paraajayappettenkilum madhya, thekk, thekkukizhakkan kambodiyayile valia pradeshangal valareyadhikam nasippikkukayum janavasam illaathaakkukayum cheythu, ithu niravadhi kambodiyakkaare ethirthu. bodindecha siamilekku madangiyethiyayudane, 1845-ll audongile aung duoong raajakumaarante kottaaratthile niravadhi prabhukkanmaar siyaminupakaram vietnaaminodu kooru pularthaanulla aagraham prakadippichu. 1845 meyy maasathil, okanha chakre meyude neethrthwathilulla pathinettu cambodian "okanha" prabhukkanmaarude oru samgham aung meykku anukoolamaayi aung duoongine attimarikkaan padhathiyittu. ennirunnaalum, padhathi aung duonginu pettennu pidikittukayum chakre meyi ulppedeyulla mikka goodaalochanakkaareyum vadikkukayum kurachu perkku rakshappedaan kazhiyukayum cheythu. eee sambhavam cambodiayil siam vietnaamum thammilulla puthiya pirimurukkatthinu kaaranamaayi. parajayappetta goodaalochanayekkurichu arinjappol, chakravarty thiu throo moonnu grouppukalaayi compodiayilekku akramanam nadatthi, gia dunn pravisyayudeyum beyne hoow pravisyayudeyum govarnor vone giyaay supreme kamaandaraayi;
1845 meyy maasathil aung duong rajakumaran thante kottaaratthil thurannuparayunna vietnaamees anubhaavikale vadhichathinusesham, 1845 joolaiyil sainyam munneraan thudangi. enguen vaan hong bassack nadiyiloode march cheyyukayum preak samboril oru cambodian samghathe paraajayappedutthiya sesham baa fnamilekku neengukayum cheythu. doonn uthppannam kampong trabake pidichedukkukayum khchaach sayil camp sthaapikkukayum cheythu. 1845 juulai 25nuu chauphraya bodindecha thante sainyathodoppam baankokkil ninnu purappett, compodian rajakeeya thalasthaanathe prathirodhikkunnathinaayi buttombang vazhi audongilekku thidukkathil march cheythu.
enguen vaan hong doonn uthppannavum baa fnamil othuchernnu. vaan giyaay baa phoomile saigonil ninnu sainyathe nayikkaan ethi, enguen tri faung chaak muthal baa fnum vare shakthippeduthal sainikare nayichu. 1845 septambaril nguen tri phung doonn uthppannavum noom penn aakramichu. bodindechayude makanaaya fra fromborirakkum 5,000 siamese sainikarum noom pennine prathirodhichu. nagarathinu chuttumulla uyarnna vellapokkam muthaleduthu, 1845 septambar 11 nuu enguen tri founginu thante kappalppadayodoppam noom penn pidichedukkaan kazhinju, thaayiykk 600 perr kollappedukayum 1,400 cambodiakkaar kollappedukayum cheythu. fra fromborirakkum siamese sainyavum audongilekku pinwangi. aung meyiyeyum aung duyonginte amma ulppedeyulla mattu cambodian rajakumaarikaleyum vietnaamees bhaagathulla kambodiyakkaare aninirathunnathinaayi chaak enna sthalathu ninnu noom penn enna sthalathekku maatti.
bodindeca duong prathirodhicha ellah dishakalil ninnum audongine akramikkukayum uparodhikkukayum cheiyumennu pratheekshichukondu niravadhi cheria sainyangalayi vibhajikkapetta 20,000 vietnaamees sinikareyum 1,000 yudhakkappalukaleyum enguen vaan chuwang nayichu. athesamayam, compodian janathayude pinthuna nedunnathinaayi aasoothranam cheythukondu, kween meyeyum cambodian regalia neeyoo tri noom penn enna sthalathekku thirike kondupoyi. audonginu thekkulla ponia looyilaanu enguen tri phuwang steshan cheiyunnathu, vadakku kampong luwang aanu doonn uthppannam steshan cheiyunnathu.
octoberil tonle sapp nadiyile kampong luwong thuramukham vietnaamees pidichedutthappol vietnaamees commander chuwang pettennu valare rogabaadhithanaayi. athinaal, pinvanganum akramanam radhaakkaanum addeham sainyathodu utharavittu. mattu unitukal paribhraantharaakukayum niruthsaahappedukayum cheythu, kampong luvongil thaayikal avare akramikkukayum niravadhi aalapaayangalum thadavukaarum edukkukayum cheythu. anchu maasathinu sesham, enguen tri phung doonn prodakttum uparodham pinvalikkukayum 1845 novemberil noom pennilekku madangukayum cheythu. desemberil, kampong luvongile vietnaamees command posttumaayi sayamese-cambodian sainyam thammilulla chila cheria ettumuttalukalkku sesham, irupakshavum charchakalkku sammathichu. huilek oru dauthyam ayaykkaanum mapp parayanum vietnaamees bharanathinu keezhadanganum doonn prodakt aung duong rajakumaranodu abhyarthichu.
anantharafalangal.
vietnaamees bharanathinu keezhadanganamennu abhyarthichu vietnaamees aalukalkk audongile aung duoonginu aavarthichulla kathukal ayaykkendivannu, koodaathe aung duoonginte amma ulppedeyulla cambodian rajakeeya bandikale thirike nalkaamennu vaagdaanam cheythu. ennirunnaalum, rajakumaran aung duong bodindecha nishabdaraayi. 1846 octoberil vietnaamees oru anthima munnariyipp ayachathinushesham maathrame oduvil 1847 januvariyil oru karaarilethaanaayulloo. moonnaaman rajaavu raama, siamese raajasabhaykk vendi samadhana nibandhanakalkkaayi svayam charcha cheyyaan chauphraya bodindechaykku anumathi nalki. aung duong rajakumaran rajaavaayi kireedadhaaranam cheyyappedukayum baankokkileyum hyuyileyum rund kodathikalkkum adaranjali arppikkukayum cheyyum. compodian kottaarakkaarum raajakumaarikalum audongilekku madangi.
rajakumaran aung daung hyoovile thiu tray chakravarthikku kathukal konduvaraan oru dauthyathe ayachu, avar addehathe 1847 meyy maasathil kambodiyayile rajaavaayi nikshepichu. thiu traine aung duvongine cavo miin kwak wung allengil 'kambodiyayile rajaavu' aayi mudravechu nikshepikkaan paraspara dauthyathe ayachu. aung daung oresamayam mattoru dauthyathe baankokkilekku ayachu. 1848 januvari 19nuu moonnaaman raama rajaavum aung duongine kambodiyayile rajaavaayi audyogikamaayi nirtthi. raama moonnaaman rajaavu aung duyonginte kireedadhaaranatthinaayi siamese melnottatthinu keezhil rajakeeya raajakudumbathe konduvaraan fraya fetfichaayiye (munbu fraya rachaanikkul) ayachu. aung duong rajaavu audongine thante rajakeeya aasthaanamaayi thiranjedutthu, 1866 vare cambodian thalasthaanamaayi thudarnna audong menche allengil 'audong dhii victory' ennu namakaranam cheythu. vietnaamees avarude sainyathe kambodiyayil ninnu pinvalichu, 1848 eprilil siam athu cheythu, kambodiyakkurichulla noottaandukalaayi neenduninna sayamese-vietnaamees samgharshangal avasaanippichu. 1848-ll fra fromborirac aung duoonginte mootha makan rajakumaran aung voddiye avide thamasikkaanum valaranumaayi baankokkilekku kondupoyi.
pinneedu 1858ll irupathonnu jeevanakkarulla oru vietnaamees kappal kozhs oof cheyth baankokkil erangi. thudarnnu mongut raajaavinte keezhilulla siamese rajasabha vietnaamees naavikare saigonilekk madangaan oru chainees kappalil kayaran krameekarichu. annu kochinchinayile aarr pravishyakalude sooprandaayi sevanamanushtichirunna enguen tri faung, patthu varsham munbu yudhathil ninnu vietnaamees thadavukaare thirike konduvaranamennu aavasyappettu chaavo fraya shree suriyavongsinu oru aupachaarika kathu ayachu. aaa vietnaamees ithinakam thanne siyaamil sthirathaamasamaakkiyennum pakaram pidicheduttha thokkukalum vedikkoppukalum nguen tri phunginu thirike nalkiyittundennum shree suryavongse marupadi nalki.
1860ll kambodiyayile aung duong rajaavu marichappol, addehathinte moonnu puthranmaarkkidayil oru pinthudarchaavakaasha tharkkam uyarnnu norodam, sisowat, sii votha, 1861ll kambodiyayil aabhyanthara yudhathilekku nayichu. thudarnnu mongat rajaavu sambodian pinthudarchaavakaasha tharkkam shaanthamaakkaan siyemees udyogasthare ayachu, 1863ll franch samrakshitha cambodia roopeekarikkunnathuvare kambodiyayil siyemees swaadheenam aavarthichu. franchukaarumaayulla yudhathil earppettirunna vietnaamees edapettilla.
1863ll franch colonial saamrajyam franch samrakshitha compodia sthaapikkunnathuvare yuddham avasaanippicha samadhaanam nilaninnu.