
desmetramadol

oo "-desmethyltramadol (oo"-dsmt) ennum ariyappedunna desmetramadol () oru opioid vedanasamhaarikayum tramadolinte pradhana sajeeva metabolittumaanu. kodineppole thanne karal ensime saip2dii6 vazhi desmetramadolilekk trammadol demethilettu cheiyunnu, athinaal kodinil kaanunna efakttukalile vyathyaasathin samaanamaayi, saip2dii6 nte sajeevamaaya roopamillaatha vyakthikalkk trammodolil ninnulla vedanasamhaarikal kuraykkaan saadhyathayund. oru vedanasamhaarikal undaakkunnathin desmetramadol thanne metabolise cheyyendathilla ennathinaal, tramadolil ninnu vyathyasthamayi saip 2 dii 6 pravartthanam kurravulla vyakthikalil ithu upayogikkaam. 
farmacology.
pharmacodynamics.
(+)-desmetramadol oru jii-protein pakshapaathamulla micro-opioid risapttar phul agonistaanu. ithu δ-, κ-opioid resepterukalumaayi thaarathamyena valare kuranja aduppam kaanikkunnu.
desmetramadolinte rund enanciomerukal valare vyathyasthamaaya pharmacological profileukal kaanikkunnu; (+), (−)-desmetramadol enniva serotonin reaptekku inhibittarukal aayi nishkriyamaanu, ennaal (−)-desmetramadol oru norpinefrine reaptekku inhibittaraayi pravartthanam nilanirthunnu, athinaal maathru samyukthathinteyum mettabolittukaludeyum misritham tramadolinte sankeernamaaya pharmacological prophyllake ganyamaayi sambhavana cheiyunnu. onniladhikam risapttar targettukal vedanayude chikilsayil prayojanakaramaakumenkilum (prathyekichu neuropathic vedana polulla sankeernamaaya vedana syndrome), mattu opiyoyidukalumaayi thaarathamyappeduthumbol ithu mayakkumarunnu edapedalukalude saadhyatha vardhippikkukayum paarshwafalangalkku kaaranamaakukayum cheyyum.
malsara nirodhanatthiloode, aushadhashaasthraparamaayi prasakthamaaya saandrathayil, serotonin 5-echu. tii. 2. sii resepterinte ethiraali koodiyaanu desmetramadol. ithu soochippikkunnathu tramadolinte prathyakshamaaya aanti-depressant gunangal kuranjathu bhaagikamenkilum desmetramadol madhyasthatha vahikkaamennaan, angane chikitsa nettatthinte dairkhyam vardhippikkunnu.
agomelatin, maprottil ennivayude aanti-depressant efakttukalude samvidaanathil 5-echu. tii. 2. sii resepterinte nirodhanam nirddeshikkappetta gadakamaanu. desmetramadolinte prodrug, tramadolumaayi thaarathamyappeduthumbol athinte saadhyathayulla selectivityum anukoolamaaya parshwafala profile rogikalil ithrayum valia thothilulla niyantritha pareekshanangalonnum nadathiyittillengilum klinikkal upayogathinu ithu kooduthal anuyojyamaakkunnu.
risapttar thadayumbol, downstream signalling dopamine, norpinefrine release ennivaykku kaaranamaakunnu, koodaathe risapttar maanasikavastha, uthkanda, bhakshanam, prathyulpaadana swabhaavam enniva ganyamaayi niyanthrikkumenn karuthappedunnu. 5-echu. tii. 2. sii resepterukal striyaattam, prefrondal courtex, nucleus akumbans, hippocampus, hypothalamous, amigdala ennivayile dopamine release niyanthrikkunnu.
chila aathmahathyakalkk prefrondal courtexil asaadhaaranamaayi uyarnna 5-echu. tii. 2. sii resepterukal undennu gaveshanangal soochippikkunnu. 5-echu. tii. 2sii enna ethirpakshamaaya agomelatin phalapradamaaya oru aantidiprasant aanennathin chila sammishra thelivukalundu. agomelatin 5-echu. tii. 2. sii resepterukalude vairudhyam frondall courtexil dopamine, norpinefrine pravartthanangal vardhippikkunnathinu kaaranamaakunnu.
pharmacokinetics.
metabolittukal.
saip3eiii4, saip2bii6 ennivayiloode desmetramadol karalil sajeeva mettabolite "enn", "oo"-didesmethyltramadolayi metabolise cheyyappedunnu. nishkriyamaaya tramadol mettabolite "enn"-desmethyltramadol saip2dii6 vazhi sajeeva mettabolite "enn", "oo"-didesmethyltramadolayi metabolise cheyyappedunnu.
samoohavum samskaaravum.
vinoda upayogam.
desmetramadol "kripttan" enna mishrithathil vilkkukayum podicha kraattam ilayaayi ("mitragina speciosa") vipananam cheyyukayum cheythu. "2010-2011 samayat sweedenil amithamaayi kazhichathumoolam kuranjathu 9 apakada maranangalenkilum "kripttan" nuu undayathaayi reportund.
aushadha upayogam.
oru vinoda designer marunnayi aadyamaayi praamukyam nediya oru samyukthathinu asaadhaaranamaayi, desmetramadol aduthide vaidyashaasthrathil upayogikkunnathinulla oru puthiya vedanasamhaarika marunnayi punarmoolyanirnnayikkuppadu, athinte nannayi padicha farmacology toxicology vyaapakamaayi upayogikkunna vedanasamhaarika marunnaaya tramadolinte sajeeva mettabolittaayi kooduthal gadanaaparamaayi puthiya badalukale apekshichu gunangal vaagdaanam cheiyunnu. manushya klinikkal pareekshanangal ithu auxicodon, fentanail thudangiya marunnukalkk samanamaaya vedanasamhaarikal nalkunnuvennu theliyichittundu, ennaal shwasana vishaadam kuraykkukayum thaarathamyena anukoolamaaya suraksha profile nalkukayum cheiyunnu.
niyamasadhutha.
yunaittad kingdom.
2013 februvari 26nuu yunaittad kingdatthil desmetramadol oru klaas marunnayi maari.
niyuyil niyantritha padaartham. 

