
vaikkol underving

nokttuyide kudumbatthile oru nishaashalabhamaan vaikkol underving ("talpophila mathura"). 1766ll johann seagfried hufnagel aanu eee inathe aadyamaayi vivarichathu. vadakke aafrikkayil ninnu padinjaaru thekkan europilekkum madhya europilekkum ithu kaanapedunnu. vadakku ireland, scotland, sweeden, norway, finland, estoniya ennivayude chila bhagangalilaanu ithu sthithicheyyunnathu. kooduthal kizhakk eee parvvathanirakal thekkan russia, eshya minor muthal cocusus vare vyaapichukidakkunnu.
eee inathinu 38-46 mm chirakukalundu. munvashangal irunda thavitt niramullathum palappozhum mangiyathum chuvappum niramulla paadukalum saadhaaranayaayi velutha poost terminal fasia ullavayaan. pinbhagangal valare vyathirikthavum ilam vaikkol niramullathum arikukalil vishalamaaya karutha baandumaan.
saankethika vivaranavum vyathiyaanavum.
chirakukal 38-46 mm. irunda podipadalavum swaasammuttalum ulla chaaraniram; termen ilam chaaraniratthilekkulla sirakal; rund madakkukalilum neriya thoovalukal, renifom kalankathinte puram attathu kooduthal prakadamaanu; akathum puratthum ulla varikal karuppum, neremarichu ilam niratthilullathum; oro madakkilum indant cheythathum irunda nizhal munbullathumaaya submarginal mangiya ilam; moonnu stigmatta karutha attamulla, avayude kendrangal kooduthalo kuravo roofosumaayi chaayunnu, oorbikyularum maruvashathu mangiya ilam valayamulla punarroopavum; vishalamaaya fucus terminal boarder ulla vaikkol manja, mukalil vishalamaakunnu; "teksta" espiyude roopathil. munbhagam irundathum mangiyathumaanu, mangiya adayaalangal ellaam maranjirikkunnu.
jeevashasthram.
juulai, august maasangalil raathriyil parakkunna eee nishaashalabhathinu velicham, panchasaara, vividha thaine adangiya pookkal ennivayodu aakarshanam thonnunnu.
larva chaaraniram; irunda madhyabhaagathulla dorsal line; irundathum irundathumaaya rekhaamsharekhakalude oru parambara, irunda vashathulla subdorsal, laattaral arikukal. dactilis" polulla vividha pullukale ithu bhakshikkunnu. eee inam oru cheria larvayayi athijeevikkunnu.
varanda pulmedukalude aavaasavyavastha, vanathinte arikukal, paarkk polulla bhooprakrithikal enniva eshtappedunnu.