
chaals aarr. hicks

jaims vaan, mejar ridge ennivaykkoppam pathonpathaam noottaandinte thudakkathil thante janathayude moonnu pradhana nethaakkalil oraalaayirunnu chaals renatus hicks (desember 23,1767-januvari 20,1827) (cheroki). mattu niravadhi cherokkikaleppole eee moonnu perkkum chila europian vamshajarundaayirunnuvenkum avar cherokkiyaayi thiricharinju. janangalkk maathruvamshabandham undayirunnathinaal avarude ammayude kudumbatthilum vamshathilum janichavaraayi kuttikale kanakkakki. 
athivegam maarikkondirikkunna oru lokath vijayikkunnathin europian-american reethikal pinthudaraan thangalude janangalodu abhyarthichavaril eee moonnu nethaakkalum ulppedunnu. vardhichuvarunna europian amerikkakkar avarude pradeshathekku praveshikkukayaayirunnu.
gothratthile kuttikale aupachaarikamaayi padippikkunnathinaayi cheroki pradeshathe oru moravian mission schooline hicks pinthunachu. addeham "randaamathe" medaaviyaayi sevanamanushtichu. 1827-ll pradhana pathkillar offeesilirikke marichappol hicks aaa sthaanathekku ethi. randaazhchaykku sesham addeham marichu.
aadyakaala jeevithavum vidyaabhyaasavum.
1767 desember 23nuu hissie nadikku sameepamulla "tomotly" pattanatthil innathe kizhakkan tennessiyile tennessi nadiyumaayi samgamikkunna sthalathaanu chaals renatus hicks janichathu. addeham "naan-yeeii-hii", oru araa rakthamulla cheroki sthreeyudeyum, nathan hicks enna vellakkaaran (orupakshe scots) vyaapaariyudeyum makanaayirunnu. atharam thanthraparamaaya sakhyangal thangalkk gunam cheiyumennu akkaalat cheroki janathayum europian vyaapaarikalum karuthi. addehathinte ilaya sahodaranmaaril sahodaran vilyam hixes undaayirunnu. 
cheroki oru maathruvamsha samskaaramaayathinaal, "naan-yeeii-hii" yude makkal avarude kudumbatthilum peyint vamshathilum pettavarayi kanakkaakkappettirunnu. avarude sahodaranmaarum mattu muthirnna purushanmaarum aankuttikalude valarchayil avarude jeevashasthraparamaaya pithaavinekkaal pradhanamaayi kanakkaakkappettirunnu. avar cheroki raajyathinullil valarukayum avarude vamshathil ninnu padavi nedukayum cheythuvenkilum aankuttikal engleesh padichu. ithu europian amerikkakkaarumaayi edapedunnathinum raashtreeyamaayi munnerunnathinum avarkk nettangal nalki.
"naan-yeeii-hii" yum avalude sahodaran ganrodum cheroki sthreeyaaya jenni (oconostotta) tailorinteyum swis kudiyettakkaaranaaya jacob (johann) konraadinteyum makkalaayirunnu. gunroad onaayiye (cheroki) vivaham kazhichu, avarkk niravadhi kuttikalundaayirunnu hair konraad, rattingourd, terrapin head, yang woolf, kwaatti.
vivaahavum kuttikalum.
chaals hicks thante pradhana bharyayaayi nancy anna oonderas choolaye vivaham kazhichu. innathe alabaamayude vadakkukizhakkan athirthiyil sthithi cheiyunna broomstounile cheef choolinte makalaayirunnu avar. chila cherokkikal kreekkinteyum britteeshukaarudeyum sammarddathe thudarnnu avidekku neengiyirunnu. pinneedu graamam upekshikkappettu. 
nansic chaals hixin niravadhi kuttikalundaayirunnu elsie (1760-1826), nathan woolf (b.1795), elissa 1797, elisabath (bettsi) 1797, saaraa elisabath 1798, jessy hicks 1801, edward, leonard luni 1804. avarude makan elissa cheef joonn rosinte ardhasahodariyaaya maargarat rosine vivaham kazhichu. avarude makan nathan elsie (alis) shory vivaham kazhichu. (oru vijayakaramaya cheroki manushyan enna nilayil, hicks pinneedu mattu bhaaryamare sweekarichu, ithu addehathinte janangalkkidayile parambaraagatha reethiyaanu.)
currier.
hicks dvibhaashiyaayirunnu, addeham yuu. esinte vyaakhyaathaavaayi sevanamanushtichu.ezz. indian ejantu jonathan maigs, shree. (1740-1823). 1801 muthal maranam vare thekkukizhakkan tennessi/padinjaaran vadakkan karolinayile cherokiyude ejantaayi rund pathittaandilere maigs sevanamanushtichu. 1794ll kooduthal kendreekrithamaaya reethiyil samghadippikkappetta cheroki raashtrathinte treasurer hicks pravarthichu.
parambaraagatha athiraalikalum cherokiyude shathrukkalumaaya creak, samskaaram, bhoomi prasnangal ennivayil bhinnichu, ithu creak yudhathinu kaaranamaayi. kreekkinte chila bhagangal britteeshukaarumaayi sakhyamundaakkiyathinaal ithu 1812-ll america grettu brittanumaayi nadanna yudhathilekku vyaapichu. 1814-ll innathe central alabamayil nadanna kuthirakkoona valanja yudhathil general andrew jaaksante keezhil american sainyathodum thekkan milishyayodum chernnu creak redu sttikkukalkkethire (yaadhaasthithika vibhaagam) hicks poraadi.
mattu muun yodhaakkalaaya jaims vaan, mejar ridge ennivarumaayi sakhyamundaakkiya hicks avarodoppam oru thrayam roopeekarichu; avar raajyathe ettavum swaadheenamulla yuvanethaakkalil oraalaayirunnu. pathinettaam noottaandinte avasaanam muthal, cheroki-american yudhangalkku sesham, pathonpathaam noottaandinte aadya paadam vare eee moonnu perum pramukharaayirunnu. chila europian-american reethikal samskaaravum sweekarikalum avar pinthunachu.
moravian sidhaanthathinte oru vivaranamaya "idea fide fraatram" enna pusthakam vaayicha sesham, kullan kothukukal kristhumatham sweekarichu. 1813 epril 20nuu moravian missionarymar chaals "renatus" ("veendum janichathu") hicks enna peril addeham jnjaanasnaanamettu. pittennu addehathinte bhaarya jnjaanasnaanamettu. cherokic oru maathruvamsha samoohamundennu moraviyakkaar thiricharinjappol, oru cheroki ammaye mathaparivarthanam cheythathil avar santhushtaraayirunnu, avar thante kuttikale swaadheenikkumennu pratheekshichirunnu.
hicks valare nannayi vaayikkappedukayum samskaramullathum akkaalat vadakke amerikkayile ettavum valia swakaarya librarikalilonnaaya pothu allengil swakaarya librarikalilonnu shekharikkukayum cheythirunnu. 1826ll joonn rosinu ezhuthiya kathil, bhaaviyile pradhana medaaviyaayi thaan avare valarthiyedukkukayaayirunnu chaals hicks cheroki gothratthinte charithram vivarichu. attakkullakkulla", "oconostotta" ennee thalavanmarumaayum aadyakaala europian vyaapaari cornelius doggertyumaayum kandumuttiyathum paarambaryangalude kathakalum ulppede addeham thante cheruppatthile sambhavangal vivarichu.
1817-ll, pathkillarinte keezhil hicks randaamathe pradhana medaaviyaayi thiranjedukkappettu. rund varshathinu sesham, bhaagikamaayi bhoomi edapaadukalecholli "yuva medhaavikalude kalapam" nadannathinushesham, hicks "yadhaartha" gavanmentinte thalavanayi maari, pathkillar oru pramukhanaayi sevanamanushtichu. 1827 januvariyil paathkillar marichappol, hicks addehathinte pingamiyaayi pradhana medaaviyaayi, aaa sthaanathu sevanamanushticha eathoru europian vamshathileyum aadyathe cheroki.
1827 januvari 20nuu adhikaaramettu randaazhcha kazhinjappol hicks marichu. addehathinte ilaya sahodaran vilyam ebraham hicks idakkaala principal medaaviyaayi sevanamanushtichu. deseeya kammittiyude president enna nilayilum mejar ridge enna nilayilum deseeya kaunsilinte speaker enna nilayilum joonn rosinu kooduthal yadhaartha rashtreeya adikaaram undaayirunnu. gothram athinte parambaraagatha sarkkar avasanippikkukayum oru bharanaghadanaa republic roopeekarikkukayum cheythu. 
1828ll joonn rosine puthiya principal medaaviyaayi thiranjedutthu. moonnu muthal oru marjin vare mishra-vamshaamgangale marikadanna poornna rakthamullavarkkidayil janapriyanaya rooss aavarthichu veendum thiranjedukkappettu. 1867ll american aabhyantharayudhathinusham marikkunnathuvare addeham pradhana medaaviyaayi sevanamanushtichu.

