
vairal sammarddam

ekathaanamaaya samvidaanangalkkulla aattomik skailil mechanical sammarddathinte alavaanu vairal stress.
vaikalyamulla tensorumaayi bandhappett oru tanmatra samvidaanathinte swatantra oorjjathinte pravarthanaparamaaya derivateevaayi (praadeshika) vairal stressinte aavishkaaram uruthirinjekkaam.
vooliyam sharashari nirvachanam.
thalkshana vooliyam sharashari vairal stress nalkunnathu
evide 
poojyamaaya kelvinil, ellah vegathakalum poojyamaanu, athinaal namukk undu
ithu thaazhepparayunna reethiyil chinthikkam. x" 1-dishayilulla balatthe aaa dishayilekku lambamaayi oru thalam vistheernnam kondu harikkunnu. atharamoru thalam verthirikkunna aduthulla rund volyangal pariganikkuka. aaa interfacile sammarddathinte 11 gadakangal iruvashathumulla attangal thammilulla ellah jody vashangalilulla shakthikaludeyum aakethukayaan.
vooliyam sharashari vairal stress appol thalkshana vooliyam sharashari vairal stressinte samyojitha sharaashariyaayirikkum.
oru trimana, isotropic sisttathil, santhulithaavasthayil "thalkshana" aattomik marddam saadhaaranayaayi negatteevu stress tensorinte diagonalukalude saraashariyaayi nirvachikkappedunnu
appol marddam thalkshana marddatthinte samyojitha sharaashariyaayirikkum.
vooliyam formula _ 4 leeii sharashari marddamaanu eee marddam.
thulyamaaya nirvachanam.
chila lekhanangalum paatapusthakangalum samavaakyathinte alpam vyathyasthavum ennaal thulyavumaaya pathipp upayogikkunnuvennathu sradhikkendathaanu.
ivide formula _ 17 ennathu formula _ 3 aattangalil ninnu vyathyaasathiloode kanakkaakkunna "k" th lake ooriyantad vektarinte "i" th gadakamaanu.
formula _ 19
rund samavaakyangalum karsanamaayi thulyamayathinaal, vektarinte nirvachanam ippozhum aashayakkuzhappathilekk nayichekkaam.
derivation.
vairal sidhaantham upayogichum kanikakalkkum kandeynarinum idayil vibhajicha sakthikal upayogichum allengil, pakaramaayi, nirvachikkunna samavaakya soothravaakyam _ 20 nerittu prayogikkunnathiloodeyum kanakkukoottalil skeyil cheytha kordinettukal upayogichum vairal marddam uruthirinjekkaam.
asamathva samvidaanangal.
oru nischitha voliyathil sisttam ekathaanamallengil mukalil paranja (vooliyam sharashari) marddam marddathinu nalla alavukol allah. asamathva samvidaanangalil marddam pravartthikkunna uparithalathinte sthaanatheyum ooriyanteshaneyum aasrayichirikkunnu. athinaal, asamathva samvidaanangalil praadeshika marddatthinte nirvachanam aavasyamaanu. asamamaya mardhamullah oru samvidaanathinte pothuvaaya udaaharanamaayi ningalkk bhoomiyude anthareekshathile marddathekkurichu chinthikkam, athu uyarathinanusarichu vyathyaasappedunnu.
thalkshana praadeshika vairal sammarddam.
(praadeshika) thalkshana vairal stress nalkunnathu
soothravaakyam _ 21
molecular simuleshanukalile vairal marddam alakkunnu.
mukalilulla soothravaakyangal vazhiyo vooliyam reselling trial neekkangal vazhiyo vairal marddam alakkaan kazhiyum.

