kippa

(bahuvachanam' kippott '),', thalappavu, allengil saadhaaranayaayi thuni kondu nirmmicha oru agramillaatha thoppiyaan, parambaraagathamaayi jootha purushanmaar thala moodanamenna pathiv aavasyakatha niravettunnathinaayi dharikkunnu. yaadhaasthithika jootha samoohangalile ellah purushanmaarum praarthanakalude samayathum mikka yaadhaasthithika jootha purushanmaarum matellaa samayathum ithu dharikkunnu. paarambaryethara jootha samoohangalil, avaa dharikkunna chilar ellaayppozhum angane cheiyunnu, mattullavar praarthanaykkidayilo sinagogilo mattu aachaarangalilo maathram dharikkunnu.
padavyuthpathishaasthram.
() enna padatthinte aksharaarthatthil "thaazhikakkudam" ennaanu ardhamaakkunnathu, kaaranam kippa oru thaazhikakkudam pole thalayil dharikkunnu.
() enna padam poolish allengil ukreniyan ennathil ninnu uruthirinjathaakaam, orupakshe aathyanthikamayi madhyakala laattin ("kaul, hood") ennathil ninnu. ithu turkey uthbhavam (mazhakkuthirakal ennartham varunnathinu samanam) aayirikkam; 'rajaavu' enna aramic padatthil ninnum 'bhayam' ennartham varunna hebru roottil ninnum roopappetta () enna vaakyavumayi eee vaakk palappozhum bandhappettirikkunnu. allengil ithe kaaryathinu mattoru yiddish padamaanu.
jootha niyamam.
ellaayppozhum oru vasthram dharikkendathundo ennu halachik adhikaarikal charcha cheiyunnu. rambam anusarichu, oru manushyan praarthanaykkide thala moodanamennu jootha niyamam nirddeshikkunnu.
paarambaryethara samoohangalil, chila sthreekalum dharikkunnu, bhakshanam kazhikkumbozho praarthikkumbozho jootha grandhangal padikkumbozho sinagog allengil semiteri polulla oru vishudha sthalathu praveshikkumbozho eppol dharikkanam ennathinekkurichu aalukalkk vyathyastha aachaarangalund. parishkarana prasthaanam charitraparamaayi vasthram dharikkunnathine athirkkunnundengilum sameepa varshangalil ithu kooduthal saadhaaranamaayitheerukayum parishkarana purushanmaarum sthreekalum praarthanayilum jootha padanatthilum thala moodunnathu amgeekarikkappedukayum cheythu.
ennirunnaalum, niravadhi pramukha adhikaarikalude abhipraayathil, eee sambradaayam niyamatthinte shakti etteduthittundu, kaaranam ithu (svarggathodulla aadarav, i.iii. daivame). pathinezhaam noottaandile adikaariyaaya david halevi segal parayunnath vijaatheeyarkk mathramulla achaarangal ozhivakkaan halaakhik niyamam nadappaakkuka ennathaanu kaaranam ennaanu. europianmaar nagna thalayode pookaan sheelichavaraayathum avarude purohithanmaar nagna thalayode pravartthikkaan nirbandhikkunnathumaanu ithennum ithu oru savisheshamaaya vijatheeya sanbradaayamaanennum athinaal juthanmaar samanamaaya reethiyil perumaarunnath vilakkappedumennum addeham choondikkaanikkunnu. athinaal halacha dharikkan nirbandhamaanennu addeham vidhikkunnu.
sephardi posak cheyim yosef david asulaay polulla mattu halachik adhikaarikal thala moodunnathu bhakthiyude oru adhika alavukolaanennu karuthunnu. aduthide oru prathikaranatthil, israelile muun sephardic cheef rabbi ovadia yosef mathaparamaya anuyaayikalkk ithu dharikkanamenn vidhichu.
talmood parayunnu, "svarggabhayam ningalude mail undakaanaayi ningalude thala mooduka."rabbi hunah benn joshuva orikkalum thala anaavrithamaayi naalu muzham nadannilla. addeham vishadeekarichu "kaaranam daivika saannidhyam ellaayppozhum ente thalaykku mukalilaanu."juthanmaar thala moodanamennum naalu muzhathil kooduthal nagna thalayil nadakkaruthennum soochippikkunna vidhathil sulchan auraakhil raabi yosef karoo ithu manassilakki. oraalude thala moodunnathu, athaayath oru vasthram darikkunnath, "daivathe bahumaanikkunnath" ennaanu visheshippikkunnathu. naalu muzhathil thaazhe sanjarikkumbozhum oraal akathum puratthum nischalamaayi nilkkumbozhum polum thala moodunna vasthram dharikkendathinte aavasyakatha "acronym" sthaapichathaayi koottichertthu eee vidhi parishkkarikkunnu. "kitsur shulchan aruchu" talmoodil (tractate shabbat 156 bii) ninnulla oru katha udharikkunnu, raav nachmaan baar yittschakkinekkurich, avan thante thala maraykkanamennu nirbandhichukondu amma avane rakshichillengil oru kallanayirunnirikkaam, athu daivabhayathe avanil ulavaakki. yaadhaasthithika samoohangalil, seelam valarthunnathinayi cheruppam muthal thanne aankuttikale dharikkan prothsaahippikkunnu.
avivahitharaaya purushanmaar thaazhepparayunna vasthram dharichirunnillennu talmood soochippikkunnu
oraalude thala moodunnathu dukhatthinte adayaalamaanennu thaanaakh soochippikkunnu
aaa vaadathinu rund vashangalund. oru artribute darikkunnath oru ("maathrukaaparamaaya attribute") maathram aayathinal oraalkk aaa illaathe oru art undakkaan kazhiyumennu vilna gaavon paranju. 21-aamm noottaandil, puthuthayi prasidheekaricha pusthakangalil ninnu soumyamaaya prathikaranam maaychukalayunnathu ulppede eee udaaratha pinthudarunna muun srothassukale adichamarthaanulla sramam nadannittundu. fraansile nammude rabbikal" saadhaaranayaayi thalakuthaathe anugraham nalkunnuvennu allengil saaruva (13-aamm noottaand) ezhuthiyittundengilum addeham eee sanbradaayathe vimarshichu.
irupathaam noottaandile rabbi isak clain parayunnathanusarichu, oru yaadhaasthithika joothan sinagogilo praarthanayilo vishudha padanatthiloo oru aachaaraparamaaya pravrithiyil earppedumbozhum bhakshanam kazhikkumbozhum thala maraykkanam. pathonpathaam noottaandinte madhyathil, rabbi jnjaanikalude thalayil ninnu thattiyeduttha oru tharkkathinu sesham isak jnjaanikalude neethrthwathilulla parishkarthaakkal eee vaadathe poornnamaayum nirasichu. innathe kaalath, mikkavarum ellah yaadhaasthithika sinagogukalilum purushanmaar thala moodanam (saadhaaranayaayi eiii), ennaal parishkarana sinagogukalil athinte aavasyamilla. ennirunnaalum, avaa dharikkan aagrahikkunna arcum nalkaam.
tharangalum vyathiyaanangalum.
europile madhyakaalakhattathil, prathyeka jootha thalappavu jootha toppiyum oru paridhiyum oru kendra binduvum allengil thandum ulla oru poornna toppiyum aayirunnu. aadyam joothanmaarkkidayil svayam verthirichariyaan thiranjedutthirunna ithu pinneedu chila sthalangalil kristhyan sarkkarukal vivechanaparamaaya nadapadiyaayi nirbandhamaakki. pathonpathaam noottaandinte thudakkathil amerikkayil rabbikal palappozhum oru scholar thoppi (oru berettu pole valia sosar aakruthiyilulla thuni) allengil oru chainees thalayotti dharichirunnu. eee kaalaghattatthile mattu juthanmaar karutha gulikayude aakruthiyilulla vasthrangalaan dharichirunnathu.
palappozhum, oru prathyeka matha prasthaanam, prathyekichu israelil, paalikkunnathinte adayaalamaayirikkum eee mathatthinte niravum thuniyum. neythatho croached cheythatho ennariyappedunna iva saadhaaranayaayi mathaparamaya seonistukalum aadhunika yaadhaasthithika juthanmaarum dharikkunnu. avar swead allengil thukal dharikkunnu. 1940 kalude avasaanathilaanu neythathu aadyamaayi nirmmichathu, raabi moshe-sivi neria dharichathinu sesham ithu janapriyamaayi. mikka haredi grouppukalileyum amgangal karutha velvetto thuniyo dharikkunnu.
aduthide, sports teamukalude, prathyekichu footballinte nirangalil nirmmikkappedunnathu nireekshikkappettundu. amerikkayil, kuttikalude cartoon kathaapaathrangalo "staar wars" polulla prameyangalo janapriyamaayi; eee pravanathaykku marupadiyaayi, chila jootha schoolukal parambaraagatha jootha moolyangalumaayi poruthappedaattha kathaapaathrangal nirodhichittundu. oru aaghoshathinulla (baar/baatt mittswa allengil vivaham) smaarakamaayi akathu alekhanam cheythittundu. sthreekalkkuvendiyum nirmmikkukayum dharikkukayum cheiyunnu. kooduthal sthreelingamaayi kaanappedunnathinaayi iva chilappol manikondu nirmmichavayaanu. oru prathyeka kunjinu athu urappikkaan iruvashathum rund charadukalundu, ithu palappozhum oru chadangil upayogikkunnu.
purathana israel samskaarathil thala moodal.
israelyar beduinukal dharikkunnathin samanamaaya shirovastram dharichittundaakaam, pakshe oru nischitha tharam shirovastram upayogichirunno ennu ariyilla. israayelyarude shirovastram eee shailiyilaayirikkaam ennu naamapadatthinte upayogathil ninnum ("panthu pole uruttuka" ennartham varunna kriya, isaiah 22:18), kriya ("kaatt", esekkiyal 16:10; joonaa 2:6) ennivayil ninnum anumanikkaam. atharam thalappaavukalude roopathekkurichu onnum ariyilla, samoohathile vividha vibhaagangalkkanusarich avaa vyathyaasappettirikkam. udaaharanathinu, aseeriyakkaarudeyum babyloniyakkaarudeyum faashanukal israayelyarude vasthradhaaranathe swaadheenichirikkaam-prathyekichu babylonian pravaasathinidayilum athinusheshavum. yemenil, toppikk chuttumulla pothi ennu vilikkapettu; sthreekal dharikkunna thala moodal oru pothi aayirunnu.
sivil niyamaparamaaya prasnangal.
goldman vii. weinberger, "475 yuu.ezz. 503 (1986), yunaittad stetts supreme kodathi 5-4 theerumaanatthil, sajeeva sainika amgangal veedinakathu ninnu neekkam cheyyendathundennu vidhichu, sayudha suraksha poleesinu maathrame veedinakathu avarude thala maraykkaavoo enna ekeekritha niyanthranangal udharichu.
jootha navikasena chaplane arnold resnicophinte "maraviye" kurichulla pasaki bairoot baarakkukalil nadanna bombaakramanatthil ninnulla oru yudhavaartha "kongras recordil" vaayichathinusesham kongras mathaparamaya vasthra bhedagathi pasaki. pasaki bairoot baarakkukalil nadanna bombaakramanathinu sesham parikketta naavikarude mukham thudachuneekkaan upayogichirunna resnicophinte rakthathil kuthirnnappol, pakaram vaykkaan catholica chaplane jorjju pukkiyeri thante maraine corps unifominte oru kashanam keeri. eee bhedagathi oduvil yuu. iii. yill ulppeduthi.ezz. sainika sevanangalkkullil mathaparamaya aachaarangalkk thamasam" ennathinekkurichulla prathirodha vakupp (dooad) niyanthranangal.
1984-leeii baptist funtamentalism vaarshika kanvenshanil president ronald reegan nadatthiya mukhyaprabhashanavum mattoru thavana reegan american suhruthukkalaaya lubavich thammilulla vaitt house meting ulppede "maraviyude" eee katha pala thalangalilum veendum paranjittundu. bairoot katha vivaricha sesham, reegan avarodu beyroottinte mathaparamaya ardhathekkurichu chodichu. samghathinte nethaavaaya rabbi abraham shemtov marupadi nalkki "misttar. president, njangale sambandhichidatholam athu aadaravinte adayaalamaanu."samghathile mattoru amgamaaya rabbi feller thudarnnu" manushyante budhikku mukalilulla entho undennu nammodum lokathodum parayaan nammal nammude sathayude ettavum uyarnna pooyintil-nammude thalayil, nammude budhiyude paathratthil-sthaapikkunnu daivathinte ananthamaaya njaanam."
mathaparamaya vasthra bhedagathiyum thudarnnulla dooad niyanthranangalum 1997 ll mathaswaathanthrya punasthaapana niyamam (aarr. eph. aarr. eiii) pasaki. ennirunnaalum, 1997 leeii kesil "sitti oof boorn vii." enna kesil samsthaanangale bandhippikkanulla kongras adhikaarathinu atheethamaanennu supreme kodathi aarr. eph. aarr. yeei thalli. pookkal ". gonsals vii. yill kaanunnathupole, federal gavanmentinu baadhakamaayathupole aarr. eph. aarr. bharanaghadanaaparamaanu. sasyangalkk oonnal nalkuka.
2000 leeii mathaparamaya bhoomi upayogavum sthaapanavalkkaricha vyakthikalum niyamam (aarr. ell. yuu. aii. pii. eiii), 114 staatt. 804, 42 yuu. ezz. sii. §2000 sisi-1 (eiii) (1)-(2), cutter vii. yill bharanaghadanaaparamaayi uyarthippidikkappettu. wilkinson, "44 yuu.ezz. 709 (2005), yaadhaasthithika jootha thadavukaare avarude dharikkanulla abhyarthanayil nyayamaayum ulppeduthanamennu anumaanikkunnu.
2004 maarchil franch sarkkar fraansile pothu primery, secondary skoolukalil hijab dharikkunnathum valia kurishukal dharikkunnathum nirodhichu.
kaanadayile cubeckile pravishya sarkkar 2019 juunil "samsthaanathinte saadhaaranathvathe maanikkunna oru niyamam" pasaki, ithu adhyapakar, police udyogasthar, jadjimar, prosecutermaar, chila kammeeshanukalile amgangal ennivarulppedeyulla sarkkar jeevanakkar "mathachihnangal" darikkunnath nirodhikkunnu.
joothanmaarallaathavar darikkunnath.
ithu aavashyamillengilum, oru sinagogil oru jevu allathavar oru jevu dharikkumbol, athu bahumaanatthinte adayaalamaayi kanakkaakkappedunnu. oru baarilo baatt mittsvaayilo athidhikalkku palappozhum nalkunnu. avaa palappozhum maranananthara chadangukalilum jootha shmashaanangalilum nalkappedunnu. jootha niyamatheyum maanadandangaleyum kurichulla yaadhaasthithika samiti parayunnathanusarichu, oru joothanallaathayaal thala maraykkaan aavasyappedaan oru halaakhik kaaranavumilla, ennaal joothasabhayodulla bahumaanathinum joothanallaatha athidhi ulppedeyulla bahumaanatthinte aamgyamaayum aachaarangalo aaraadhanayo nadakkunna sthalangalil dharikkan joothanmaarallaathavarodu aavasyappedanamennu shupaarsha cheiyunnu.
 1965 leeii selma muthal montgomery vareyulla maarchukalil chila jootha-ithara aafrikkan american marchermar oru chihnamaayi sweekarichu, ettavum pradhanamaayi jaims bevel.

