calvin hofmann

oru american naadaka niroopakanum pathra ejantum ezhuthukaaranumaayirunnu calvin hofmann (1906-februvari 1986), 1955 ll thante 'dhii maan huu vaas shakespeare' enna pusthakatthil prashasthanaaya oru american naadaka niroopakanum pathra ejantum ezhuthukaaranumaayirunnu. mattu ithara shakespeare karthruthva sidhaanthangaleppole, hofmante avakaashavaadangal mukhyadharaa shakespeare pandithanmaar pradhaanamaayum thallikkalanjittundu.
hofmante sidhaantham.
staattphord-oonn-eavanile vilyam shakespeare ozhikeyulla aarenkilum thanikk avakashappetta naadakangal ezhuthiyittundennu vaadikkunna aadyatheyaalalla hofmann, marlo pradhana sthaanaarthiyaayi nirddeshicha aadyatheyaalum adhehamalla. yadhaarthathil moonnu perr-wilber jii. 1895-ll seagler 1916-ll henry vaattezhsanum 1923-ll aarchi webstarum addehathe paraajayappedutthiyirunne eee vishayathekkurichulla thante gaveshanathinte aadya panthrand varshangalil munkaala vakthaavinekkurich thanikk ariyillaayirunnuvennum athu vishalamaaya pothujanashradhayilekku konduvarunnathil addeham theerchayaayum avaril mattaarekkaalum valareyadhikam nettangal kaivarichuvennum addeham nishedhichu.
marlo" enna chithram.
1953ll marlo padichirunna kembridjile corpus kristhi collegil valare mosham avasthayilulla oru elisabath painting kandethi, calvin hofmananu ithu yadhaarthathil marloyude chhaayaachithramaanennu aadyamaayi nirddeshichathu. 1585-leeii sittarinte praayatthinte vishadaamshangal marloyude praayavumaayi krithyamaayi poruthappedunnu, koodaathe "enne poshippikkunnathu enne nasippikkunnu" enna mudraavaakyam prathyekichum anuyojyamaanennu thonni. athinumumbu marloykkaayi mattu chithrangal upayogikkukayo srishtikkukayo cheythittundenkilum, koleju ippozhum athine addehathinte "anumaanathmaka" allengil "apocryphal" chhaayaachitram ennu vilikkaan eshtappedunnundengilum, innathe kaalath mikka aalukalum maarloyumaayi bandhappeduthunnathu ithaanu.
walsinghaminte shavakudeeram.
marloyude rakshaadhikaariyaaya thomas walsinghaminte shavakudeeram thurakkaan oru faakkaltti (licenses) nedaanulla hofmante sramavumaayi addehathinte pusthakatthinte yuke prasidheekaranam poruthappettu-hofmante abhipraayathil, addehathinte kaamukan-shakespeare naadakangalude eathenkilum pakarppukal addehathodoppam kuzhichittathaano ennu nokkaan. ennirunnaalum, kudumba nilavaraykku mukalilulla nench shavakudeeram maathram thurakkaan addehathe anuvadikkukayum manal allathe mattonnum kandethaathirikkukayum cheythu. ennirunnaalum, valare pinneedu, 1984-ll, shavakudeerathilekku thanne nokkaan palliyude tharayiloode thuzhayaan addehathe anuvadichu, pakshe kaanaan kazhiyunnath ledu shavappettikalude oru kuzhalkkinar mathramaayirunnu, pepparukal pole onnum undaayirunnilla.
marlo samooham.
1955-ll chisleharst sandarshana velayil, hofmann chisleharst libraryile praadeshika skoolile hedmaastarumaayi marlovian sidhaanthathinte thante pathippinekkurichulla oru charchayil pankedutthu. hofmann charcha paraajayappettenkilum, vilppanaykku vidheyamaaya eee paripadi christopher marloyil thaalpparyamulla niravadhi aalukale orumichu konduvannu, athinte falamaayi yukeyile marlo samooham-rachayithrithva sidhaanthathekkaal oru kavi/naadakakrithaayi marloyekurichu kooduthal sradhaaluvaayirunnuvenkum-onno rando aazhchakalkk sesham nilavil vannu.
marlo paduva.
1983ll, italiyile paduvayil vachu christopher marlo 1627ll gurutharamaayi paricharicha pietro basconi enna vyakthiyekkurich oru pathrapravartthaka suhruthu hofmante chila kurippukal avasheshippichu. ithu pinthudaraan addeham 1985-ll itaaliyan samsaarikkunna dambathikalaaya doow. frank heinus bhaarya jean, pakshe kathaye pinthunaykkunna onnum kandethanaayilla. ekadesham moonnu varshathinusheshamaan mukalil udharicha henry vaattezhsante edittoriyalil ninnaan ithu uthbhavichathenn hofmann kandethiyathenn thonnunnu, ennaal vaattezhsan kathayude eee bhagam thamaashayode maathrame kandupidichittulloo ennu addeham manassilaakkiyittundo ennu ippozhum vyakthamalla.
hofmann sammanam.
marlovian sidhaantham thannodoppam marikkaruthenn aashankaakulanaaya hofmann 1984-ll marloyude skoolaaya kaantarbariyile kings skoolumaayi oru karar earppeduthi, thante ishtaprakaaram avarkk oru valia thuka vittukodukkunnathinu pakaramaayi avar christopher marloyude jeevithavum kruthikalum, ippol saadhaaranayaayi vilyam shakespeare ennu aaropikkappedunna naadakangaludeyum kavithakaludeyum rachayithaav ennivayumaayi bandhapetta oru vaarshika upanyasa malsaram nadathumennu, christopher marlo aaa kavithakalilum naadakangalilum chilath allengil ellaam ezhuthukayo avayude rachayithruthvathinaayi prachodanaathmakamaaya srishtiparamo rachanaaparamo aaya sambhavanakal nalkukayo cheiyumenna prathyeka parigananayode."
vilyam shakespearinu ippol saadhaaranayaayi avakaashappedunna ellah naadakangalum kavithakalum christopher marloyanu ezhuthiyathennu shakespeare scholarshippinte lokathe thripthippeduthaan aavashyamaaya tharkkamillaathathum tharkkamillaathathumaaya thelivukalum thelivukalum raajaavinte vidyaalayathinte abhipraayathil eathenkilum varshathil sammanam nediyathaayi vidhicha vyakthi nalkiyittundenkil, aaa varshathe sammaanathinte thuka muzhuvan trastt fundinteyum mooladhanam allengil korppasinte pakuthiyolam vijayikalkk nalki vardhippikkanamennum sammathichu...".
randaamathethu nedunnathinu aarum aduthethiyittilla, koodaathe lekhanathekkurichulla hofmante uddeshyangal "christopher marloyekkurichulla oru vishishta prasidheekaranathinu" sammaanamaayi innu punarvyaakhyaanikkappedunna. 1988 muthal, aadyathe calvin & rooss jii. hofmann memorial prais nalkappettu, sammanam nediya muppath lekhanangalil naalennam maathramaan addehathinte sidhaanthathe yadhaarthathil pinthunachathu. maruvashathu, eee sammanam christopher marloyude jeevithatheyum pravarthanangaleyum kurichulla gaveshanathe theerchayaayum uthejippichu, calvin & rooss hofmann sammaanathinte uthejanamillaathe ezhuthappedaatha pusthakangal polum athil ninnu purathuvannittundu.

