
torah imm derek etts

torah imm derek etts (-torah "deshatthinte vazhi") 
vishalamaaya lokavumaayulla oraalude edapedalukalude vividha vashangale paraamarsikkunna rabbinik saahithyathil pothuvaaya oru vaakyamaanith.
parambaraagathamaayi nireekshikkunna joothamathavum aadhunika lokavum thammilulla bandhathe aupachaarikamaakkunna raabi saamsan raffle hirsh (1808-88) aavishkaricha yaadhaasthithika joothamathathinte oru thathwachinthayeyum ithu soochippikkunnu. chilar yaadhaasthithika joothamathathinte falamaayundaakunna reethiye navaa-paarambaryam allengil chila charithralekhanangalil frankfurter oorthadooxy ennu paraamarsikkunnu.
dereck etts.
torah imm derek etts" enna vaachakam aadyamaayi kaanappedunnath "awoth" (2:2) enna laghulekhayile mishnayilaann "derek etts" ennathinoppam thorayekkurichulla patanam manoharamaanu, kaaranam randilum earppedunnathu oraale paapam marakkaan prerippikkunnu ". dereck etts" enna padam, aksharaarthatthil "bhoomiyude vazhi", antharleenamaayi avyakthamaanu, rabbinik saahithyathil vaividhyamaarnna ardhangalundu, ithu upajeevanamaargam nedunnathineyum uchithamayi perumaarunnathineyum soochippikkunnu.
uchithamaaya perumattavum nalla swabhaavavum.
talmudilum midrashilum, maanyavum maanyavum bahumaanapoornavum chinthaneeyavum parishkrithavumaaya perumattamaayi "dereck etatsine" kurichu ekadesham 200 padippikkalukal undu. dereck etts" thoraykku munbaayi varunnu ennathaanu oru praathinidhya padippikkal-thaan cheiyunna ellah kaaryangalilum "dereck etts" pradarshippikkunnathuvar oraalkk thoraye vyakthamakkaan kazhiyilla.
rishonim, acaronim (poost-talmudic adhikaarikal) ennivayil atharam niravadhi padippikkalukal undu. vaasthavathil, "midot" (swabhaava savisheshathakal) enna vishaythinum "mentsh" (shudheekaricha manushyan, littu) pole perumaarunnathinum samarppichirikkunna oru muzhuvan chinthakalum musser saahityam avatharippikkunnu. "oru pakwathayulla manushyan"). ivide, oraal perumaarunna reethi oraalude "midot"-nte baahya prakadanamaayi kanakkaakkappedunnu.
bresslovinte naachmaan "munbu varunnu" (mukalil paranja soothravaakyathil) enna vaakkukal kaalaanukramatthil edukkunnu. athinaal, "dereck etts thoraykku munbaanu varunnath", athaayath "dereck etts" ennathaanu sathyathinte oru bhagam ariyaanulla yadhaartha reethi, athu thorayude sammaanathin munbaayirunnu.
upajeevanamaargam neduka.
melpparanja mishnayile "dereck etts" ennathinte ardham saadhaaranayaayi "upajeevanamaargam neduka" ennaanu kanakkaakkappedunnath, athinaal mishna "'upajeevanamaargam neduka' ennathinoppam thorayekkurichulla padanamaanu manoharam" ennu vaayikkunnu. athinanusarichu, upajeevanamaargam nedunnathinu rabbinikalude abhipraayathinu pothuvaaya oru aavasyakathayundu, pakshe oraalkk thora padikkaanum jeevikkanum kazhiyunna vidhathil.
eee abhiprayam, vaasthavathil, jootha niyamathile krodeekaranathilekku vyaapikkunnu 
"[oraal] ellah divasavum jolie cheyyanam, athu avante upajeevanathin mathiyakum... ravum pakalum backie ninnukondu thorayil muzhuki; swantham kaikalaal svayam thaanginilkkunnavan valia thalathilaanu ".
eee krodeekaranatthinte bhasha rabbi saahityam svayam pravartthikkaan niyogichirikkunna pothuvaaya moolyatheyum, jolie bhouthikamaaya lakshyangalalla, aathmeeyamaaya maargamaayi kaananamenna oresamayathe aavasyatheyum prathinidheekarikkunnu. 
(cohelet rabba 1:34 umm kaanuka). athinaal, "pirkki avot" 4:1 ll rooppeduthiyirikkunnathu
thannethanne pinthunaykkunnavan eee lokavum adutha lokavum avakaashappeduthumennu raashi, vaakyathil parayunnu.
athesamayam, vyaapakamaayi udharicha eee mishnayil, bhouthikavaadathinethiraaya oresamayam munnariyipp nalkikkond pravartthikkendathinte aavasyakatha vyakthamaayi avatharippikkunnu. vaasthavathil samanamaaya padippikkalukal thaanaakh ("daivamaanu onnine mattonnine santhulithamaakkaan srishtichathu"), midrash, rabbinik saahityam ennivayil vyaapakamaayi kaanapedunnu.
thozhil thiranjedukkal polum parimithappedutthiyirikku
mishnah berura" parayunnath, jolie cheiyunna saadhaaranakkaar (saadhaaranakkaar) avarude bisinesses pravartthanangal avarude thora padanatthinu dvitheeyamaanennu urappakkanamennum, pariganikkathe, oro divasavum 3 allengil 4 manikkoor padanathinaayi neekkivaykkanamennum-aavashyamenkil, oraalude jeevitashaili parimithappedutthukayum angane eee alavilulla patanam saadhyamaakukayum venam. 
janapriya kitsur shulchan arukkinu saadhaaranayaayi ithu aavasyamaanu
"ningal oru upajeevanamarggam nedunnathinaayi bisinessilo oru vyaapaarathilo (allengil thozhilil) earppedumbol, ningal sambathu shekharikkaan aagrahikkaruth, marichu ningalude kudumbatthe pinthunaykkunnathinum jeevakaarunya pravartthanangal nadathunnathinum ningalude kuttikale thora padikkaan valarthunnathinum ningalude jolie thudaranam..." 
athum kaanuka.
athinaal uchithamaaya santhulithaavastha kaivarikkunnath praayogikavum thathwashaasthraparavumaaya velluvilikal uyarthumennu rabbinik paarambaryam amgeekarikkunnu (udha.jii. parimithamaaya thozhil parisheelanathinu pakaram mathethara vidyaabhyaasathinte aavasyakathayum vividha prashnangalum athinaal vyaapakamaayi charcha cheyyappedunnu 
(i) thaalmoottile vividha pradeshangalile;
(ii) halaakhik saahithyathil;
(iii) athupole jootha thathwachinthayilum hasidic chinthayilum musar (dhaarmika) saahithyathilum-yahoodamathathile daivika samrakshanathinu keezhilulla charcha kaanuka.
kabaalistik, chassidic chinthakalilum, joliye nalla moolyamullathaayi kaanunnu ellah tharatthilulla jolikalum ulkkollunna muppathombathu adhwana pravrithikal, koodaaram nirmmikkunnathin aavashyamaayirunnu. nanma thinmayekkurichulla arivinte vrukshathil ninnu aadam bhakshikkukayum vishudhiyude theepporikal maruvashathekku veezhukayum cheyyumbol jolie oru aavashyamaayi maari. aathmeeyamo bhouthikamo aaya uddeshyam pariganikkathe nammude ellah pravartthanangalum takarnna pathrangal punarnirmikkaan sahayikkunnu. thante jolio bisinaso maanyamaayi nadathunna oraal thirunivasam nirmmikkunnathupole kanakkaakkappedunnu.
prakrithi lokathekkurichulla arivu.
dereck etts" ennathu "upajeevanamaargam nedunnathil" parimithappedunnillenna, marichu, eee ashayam "hanhaga tivit", "prakrithi lokath pravartthikkunnu", ulkkollunnuvennu, yoodaa love (1525-1609) choondikkaanikkunnu. ivide, "torayum maavum (" kemaakh ")" ennathinte paraspara aashrithathvathekkurichum "torayum" "dereck etatsum" ennathinte paraspara aashrithathvathekkurichum charcha cheiyunna "awoth" 3:21 enna pilkkala mishnayekkurichulla abhipraayangal maharlal thante "dereck cheyi" ll rekhappeduthunnu. "kemaakh", maavu, vyakthamaayi saambathika upajeevanathe soochippikkunnu (thora athmeeya upajeevanathe soochippikkunnu). athinaal, "dereck etts" ennathu "upajeevanamaargam neduka" ennathinekkaal kooduthal soochippikkunnu, koodaathe "prakrithiyude lokath" vijayam sugamamakkunna arivum kazhivukalum ulppedunnu. nokkoo.
samskaaratheyum samoohatheyum kurichulla arivu.
melpparanjava ulppeduthi raabi saamsan rafale hirsh (1808-1888), samskaaratheyum samoohatheyum kurichulla vishalamaaya arivum uchithamaaya edapedalum ulppeduthunnathinaayi "dereck etts" enna nirvachanam aadyamaayi vipuleekarichavaril oraalaayirunnu. hirsh parayunnu
jootha niyamam karsanamaayi paalikkunnathil vittuveezhchayilla enna yogyathayum hirshinte aashayathil ulppedunnu. aadhunika lokathile yaadhaasthithika joothamathathinte falamaayundaaya thathwachintha, "thoraa imm dereck etts" ennu vilikkappedunnu, athu chuvade charchacheyyunnu.
raabi ezz.aarr. hirsh.
1851-ll hirsh aadyamaayi frankfurtil vannappol, addeham thante sabhayude "baanarayi" "thoraa imm dereck etts" prakhyaapichu, "israelitishe mathangal geselshaft"-eee vaachakam hirshinteyum addehathinte thathwashaasthrathinteyum paryaayamaan. kaanunnathupole, mathethara lokathekkurichulla vishalamaaya arivu ulppeduthunnathinaayi "dereck etts" vipuleekarikkunnathil hirsh savisheshanaayirunnilla; pakaram, aadunikathayodulla praayogika prathikaranam ulkkollunna "dereck etts" enna thathwachintha aupachaarikamaakkuka ennathaayirunnu addehathinte punk. 
hirshinte thathwachintha yaadhaasthithikathaykullil vividha reethiyil vyaakhyaanikkappettindu.
hirshinte "torah imm derek etts".
hirshinte kazhchappadil, "dereck etts" upajeevanamargathe mathramalla, saamoohika kramatheyum, maanyathayudeyum avakaashathinteyum parigananayodoppam pothuvidyaabhyaasatheyum soochippikkunnu. jootha niyamathinu karsanamaaya anusaranm nilanirthikkondu paashchaathya samskaarathe sweekarikkunnathinaayi hirsh "dereck etts" enna ashayam vikasippichu (kaanuka).
laukikamaaya pankaalittham.
vyakthiparavum vargeeyavumaaya jeevithathinte mathaparamaya mekhalayil mathramalla, mathetharavum laukikavumaaya mekhalayilum yoodaayism aadhipathyam sthaapikkukayaanenkil thorayudeyum "dereck etatsinteyum" samyojanam saadhyamaanennu mathramalla, aavasyamaanennum hirsh thante ellah rachanakalilum theliyikkaan shramikkunnu. hirshine sambandhichidatholam, thorayude poorttheekaranam-"dereck etts"-athinaal aavashyamaaya arivu sugamamaakkunnathupole samoohathil laukika pankaalitthavum pothu pankaalitthavum aavasyamaanu.
mathethara samskaaravum vidyaabhyaasavum.
hirshinte kazhchappadil, "vidyaabhyaasathinteyum samskaarathinteyum aathmaarthamaaya prothsaahanathe" joothamatham ulppeduthanam. prabudhanaaya matha vyakthithvam" enna "mensh-israel" ("israel-maan") nekkurichu hirsh samsaarikkunnath oru aadarshamaayittaanu athu abhimaanathode joothanaaya joothanaanu, thorayude shaashwatha moolyangalil vishwasikkunnavanum, samakaalika samskaaravumaayum arivumaayum edapazhakaanum swaadheenikkaanumulla kazhivum ullavanumaan.
jootha niyamam.
pradhanamaayi, "dereck etts" oru ardhathilum halaakhik vittuveezhcha anuvadikkunnillennu hirsh valare vyakthamaayi paranju. addehathinte kazhchappadil, "manushyanirnnayathinu vidheyamaakukayo manushya parigananakk vidheyamaakukayo cheyyaatha thottukoodaattha oru sankethamaanu joothamatham", koodaathe "mathathe thadassappeduthaatha paridhivare maathrame purogathi saadhuthayulloo". oru joothan enna nilayil thanikk cheyyaan kazhiyaatha onnum nedaan joothan agrahikkilla" ennu addeham parayunnu. yahoodamathathil ninnu avane akattinirthunna eathoru nadapadiyum avane sambandhichidatholam oru chuvaduvayppo purogathiyo allah. bhoomiyil swantham ishtam niravettaan aagrahikkaathathinaal daivasevanathinaayi advaanikkunnathinaal avan vedanayillaathe eee aathmaniyanthranam prayogikkunnu."benn usiyelinte pathonpathu kathukalil" hirsh abhipraayappettath, juthanmaarkku nalkendivanna vila swaamsheekaranamaayirunnenkil mochanam labhikkaathirunnath nallathaayirunnuvenn. (ithum kaanuka, aadhunika yaadhaasthithika judaism#standards aacharanam.)
vyaakhyaanam.
soochippichathupole, "torah imm dereck etts" enna thathwachintha yaadhaasthithikathaykullil vyathyasthamayi vyaakhyaanikkappettindu. jootha niyamathodum paarambaryathodumulla vishwasthathayekkurichulla hirshinte nirbandhavum mathethara lokavumaayulla aashayavinimayathiloode ithinu uyarnnuvarunna velluvilikalum thammilulla pirimurukkatthinte velichathilaanu vyaakhyaanangalude shreni prathyekichum uyarnnuvarunnathu.
idungiya vyaakhyaanathin" keezhil, mathethara thathwachintha, samgeetham, kala, saahityam allengil dhaarmikatha ennivayumaayulla sanbarkkam pravarthanakshamamaayirikkanam. oru "median interpretteshan" prakaram, oraalude laukika kaaryangalil thora moolyangalude aadhipathyathinaayi eee exposure anuvadaneeyavum aavasyamullathumaanu. oru "vishalamaaya vyaakhyaanathin" keezhil eee exposure anuvadaneeyamaanu, ithu--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
athinaal mathethara lokathil edapedunnathine sambandhichidatholam, "idungiya vyaakhyaanam" adisthaanaparamaayi "dereck etatsine" labhakaramaaya oru thozhilil parimithappedutthunnu; anuvadaneeyamaaya arivu pravartthanaparavum thozhilparavumaaya arivilum (orupakshe) thoraye nannayi vyaakhyaanikkaanum manassilakkaanum oraale prapthamaakkunna mathethara arivilum parimithappedutthum. median interpretteshan" mathethara arivinte padanatthe prothsaahippikkunnu, pakshe ithu manushya arivilum samskaarathilum oru thora veekshanam, thathwachintha enniva prayogikkaan anuvadikkunnuvenkil maathram. vishalamaaya vyaakhyaanam" mathethara samskaaravum arivum athinte swantham avakaashathil vilappettathayi pothuvaayi ettedukkaan anuvadikkunnu.
mukalil paranja yogyathakalode thanne hirsh thanne "median interpretteshan" sweekarichittundennu thonnunnu. nammude munimar upayogikkunna "torah imm derek etts" ennaal maarikkondirikkunna kaalatthinte sambhavavikaasangalkkidayil athinte niyamangal paalikkenda ellah saahacharyangalumaayum yojicha aikyathode thoraye saakshaathkarikkuka ennaanu ardhamaakkunnathu ("gesaamelt shrifttan" vii p. (264). athinaal, addeham thante thora vyaakhyaanathil mathethara shaasthranjare pathivayi udharikkunnu. chila pandithanmaar vishwasikkunnathu, hegel (<aii. dii. 1>), friedrich shiller (<aii. dii. 2>) enniva addehathe swaadheenichuvennaanu; vaasthavathil, randaamathethinte jananathinte nooram vaarshikathil addeham sthaapicha schoolil nalkia prasamgatthil, shillarinte rachanakalil ulchernna paashchaathya samskaarathinte saarvathrika thathwangal thorayil ninnu uthbhavikkunna jootha moolyangalaanennu addeham avakashappettu.
maruvashathu, shaasthreeya arivu oraale daivathil ninnu akattinirthunna apakadathekkurichu hirsh munnariyipp nalki; koodaathe, akkaalathe germmaniyile mattullavaril ninnu vyathyasthamayi addehathinte schoolukal classical bhaashakalkk pakaram aadhunika (bisinus) bhashakal padippichu. leviticus <aii. dii. 1> ennathilekkulla addehathinte vyaakhyaanathil (raashi "aadu loock" ennathum kaanuka."), hirsh mathethara arivinteyum thorayudeyum bandhathe vyakthamaayi vivarikkunnu, avide thora ennathu" "ikkar" "(εικρ) aanu, athesamayam mathethara arivu" "teffel" "(τφλ) aanu, ithu thorayude dvitheeyamo anubandhamo aanu". addeham prasthaavikkunnath "oru sathyam maathrameyulloo ennum oru vijnjaanasamvidhaanathin maathrame maanadandamaayi pravartthikkaan kazhiyoo ennum njangalkk aathmavishwaasamundu" ennaanu... ithumaayi thaarathamyappeduthumbol, matellaa shaasthrangalum thaalkkaalikamaayi maathrame saadhuthayulloo.
aavarthanapusthakam 6:7-nekkurichulla addehathinte vyaakhyaanam orupakshe kooduthal vyakthamaan
navaa-paarambaryam "brewer" communitykal.
1851-ll frankfurt aam mainile verpirinja oorthadoox kammyoonittiyude rabbiyakan hirshine vilichu. eee samooham taamasiyaathe yaadhaasthithika sanbradaayangal karsanamaayi palikkunna "aadhunika samoohangalude" maathrkayaayi maari, chilappol "frankfurter oorthadooxy" ennu vilikkappedunnu. hirshinte marumakan raabi doow. addehathinte maranashesham addehathinte pingamiyaayi shlomo salman (solomon) brewer adhikaaramettu. oru rajavamsham sthaapikkunnathil jagrata pulartthiyirunna frankfurt samooham hirshinte makane addehathinte pingamiyaayi niyamichilla.
onnaam lokamahaayudhathinushesham, mathaparamaya udaaravaadathe nirasikkunnuvennu kaanikkunnathinaayi, samoohathinte anuyaayikal svayam "navaa-paarambaryam" ennu vilikkaan thudangi; ithu lutheranisathile samanthara prasthaanatthe ("navaa-paarambaryam" ennu vilikkunnu) prathiphalippichu. athinaal, eee ghattathil, hirshinte romaantik liberalisavum 1848leeii pouraavakaashangalkkaayulla pooraattatthinte moolyangalum prasakthiyillaathavayirnu-koodaathe weimer jarmman samskaarathinte pala gadakangalum nirasikkappedunnathum prachaaratthilundaayirunnu. solomon brewer isak brewer samoohathinte eee yaadhaasthithika vazhithirivile nethaakkalaayirunnu.
kristtalnaachinethudnethu, brewer kudumbavum aant verpilekkum pinneedu newyork nagaratthilekkum kudiyeri. orikkal newyorkkil, brewer washington haittukalile niravadhi jarmman abhayaarthikalkkidayil oru sabha aarambhichu, athu frankfurt samoohathinte aachaarangalum aachaarangalum sookshumamaayi pinthudarnnu. khaal adath yeshuroon enna sabha "brewers" ennaanu samsaarabhashayil ariyappedunnathu. frankfurt swadeshiyaaya raabi shimon shwab 1995ll marikkunnathuvare "brewer" samoohathile randaamathe rabbiyayi sevanamanushtichu. solomon brewer joseph brewer palappozhum hirshinte boudhika anantharaavakaashikalaayi kanakkaakkappedunnu, athesamayam shwab kooduthal parambaraagatha lithwanian oorthadoox communitykalumaayi yojichathaayi kanakkaakkappedunnu.
brewer samooham american jeevithathil "thoraa imm dereck etts" shradhaapoorvvam prayogichu, kaalakramena athinte prayogam churukki. mathethara samskaarathileyum saahityathileyum samakaalika dhaarmika manobhaavangalude apakadangalekkurichu shwab munnariyipp nalkukayum navapaarambaryam pinthudarunnavarkku vishwaasathinteyum arivinteyum sakthamaaya adisthaanam aavasyamaanennum mathethara lokavumaayulla edapazhakalukalil jagrata paalikkanamennum oonnipparayukayum cheythu.
laukikanjjaanathinu samaantharamaayi thoraye orikkalum kanakkakkaanaavillennum shwab pathivayi oonnipparanju. "thoraa patanam joothanmaarude ettavum uyarnna kadamayaanu", "koodaathe" thorak samaantharamaayi enthum cheyyaan kazhiyumennu nirddeshikkuka polum ettavum uyarnna kramatthil daivanindayaanu; thoraa ellaattinumupariyaayi, jeevithathile matellaam rekhaamoolavum vaakkaalullathumaaya thorak anusrithamaayi nadatthanam."ennirunnaalum, vaanijyathilekko thozhilukalilekko ulla praveshanam thora jeevithathinte saadhuvaaya gadakamaayi kaanapedunnu, uchithamaaya mathethara vidyaabhyaasathiloode sugamamaakkendathaanu (campus jeevitam" "anishedhyamaayi adaarmikamaanu" "enna munnariyippode)". "halakha" yumayi poruthappettu oraalude professional jeevitam munnott kondupokunnathu svayam oru thora pariseelanamaanu."oraal" bisinesses, professional jeevita reethikalekkaal thorayude praadhaanyam sthaapikkanam, angane avante perumaattam avante jeevithathinte aaa 'laukika' bhaagathe polum oru vishudheekaranamaakki maattunnu."
aadhunika yaadhaasthithikathaykkum haredi joothamathathinum ("ultra-oorthadooxy") purathaanu eee samooham prathyayashaasthraparamaayi nilakollunnath. haredi joothamathathe sambandhichidatholam, innathe "roshi yeshiva" yill bhooribhaagavum parasyamaayi pinthunaykkunna paatha navaa-paarambaryam allengilum, "thora maathram", "thora imm dereck etts" campukalkku arikil nilanilkkaan kazhiyumennu shwab sammathichu. "yiras shamayim" ("svarggabhayam"), sathyathinayulla thirachil ennivayaal maathram prachodippikkappedunnathum kaalam, oro vyakthikkum eathu vidyaalayam pinthudaranamennu thiranjedukkaan kazhiyum."praayogikamaayi, samooham amerikkayile haredi agudat israelumaayi poornnamaayum edapazhakunnu, athesamayam athu kooduthal aadhunika oorthadoox unione ozhivaakkunnu.
eee prasthaanam aadhunika yaadhaasthithikathayil ninnu alppam akaleyaan. aadhunika yaadhaasthithikatha hirshinte aashayangale thettayi vyaakhyaanichathaayi shwab kanakkaakkunnu "halakha" yude maanadandangalekkurichum thorayum mathetharathvavum sambandhicha aapekshika oonnal; thora umaddaykku keezhilulla charcha kaanuka. koodaathe, "aastrit" (vighadanam) ennathinekkurichulla hirshinte thathwachinthayil ninnu swaadheenikkappetta brewerinu, "jootha janathayude niyamaanusritha prathinidhiyayi oru vishwaasamillaatha shareerathe amgeekarikkunnathu amgeekarikkaan kazhinjilla". ekkaaranathaal, addeham "loka siyonist samghadanayumaayum jootha ejansiyumaayum affiliate cheythirunna" misrachi "prasthaanatthe maattamillathe ethirthu".
samakaalika swaadheenam.
"thoraa imm dereck etts" yaadhaasthithika joothamathathile oru thathwachintha enna nilayil swaadheenamullathaayi thudarunnu. saadhaaranayaayi washington uyarangalile "brewer" samoohavumaayi bandhappettirikkunnavum, aadhunika yaadhaasthithika joothamathathilum oru paridhivare "haredi joothamathathilum" eee thathwachintha oru pradhana swaadheenamaayi thudarunnu. (samakaalika yaadhaasthithika joothamathathile "dereck etts" enna vishayathekkurichulla charchaykku daivika providence kaanuka.)
aadhunika yaadhaasthithikatha.
"thora imm derek etts" aadhunika yaadhaasthithikathayude prathyayashaasthrathinte oru pradhana uravidamaanu, prathyekichu joothamathathinteyum mathethara samskaarathinteyum samanvayavumaayi bandhappett. aadhunika yaadhaasthithikathayude idathuvashathulla samghadanakal "vishalamaaya vyaakhyaanam" sweekarichittundengilum, daarshanika prasnangal maattivechu, "halakha" yile avarude "thaarathamyena shaanthamaaya nilapad" yadhaarthathil avare "torah imm dereck etts" enna raajyathin purathaanu nirthunnathu ennu vimarshakar parayunnu.
valathuvashath, "vishalamaaya vyaakhyaanam" "thora umadda"-torayum mathethara arivum-yeshiva sarvakalaashaalayumaayi adutha bandhamullah aadhunika yaadhaasthithika thathwashaasthravumaayi erekkure saamyamullathaan, ithu vyakthithvathinullil thora padanavum mathethara arivum samanvayippikkaan lakshyamidunnu. ennirunnaalum oonnal nalkunnathil iva randum vyathyasthamaan. thoraa umadda" ennathinu keezhil, shaasthratheyum mathatheyum prathyeka mekhalakalaayi kaanaan njangal eshtappedunnu..."(saamuval belkin, udghaadana prasangam, 1943), athesamayam" "thoraa imm dereck etts", "mathethara arivinu mail thorayude aadhipathyavum mathethara arivil thora chinthayude prayogavum lakshyamidunnu". thoraa umadda" ennathinu keezhil kooduthal kaanuka.
navaa-paarambaryam.
mukalil paranjathupole, "brewer" samooham thathwachinthaye aduthu prayogikkunnathu thudarunnu. ennirunnaalum, randaam lokamahaayudham muthal, samooham "median interpretteshanil" ninnu mukalil paranjathupole "idungiya interpretteshanilekku" maari. thante muthachante ashayangal (thora umaddayumaayulla ashayakkuzhappam) prathyekichu yudhaananthara kaalaghattatthil thettayi vyaakhyaanikkappedaanula saadhyatha rabbi brewer kandu. joothathvathilum halakhayilum vittuveezhcha cheiyunnathu "torah imm dereck etts" ennathumaayi vyathyasappettirikkunnavu addeham aavarthichu prasthavikkukayum thorayum mathetharathvavum thammilulla bandhathekkurichu aadhunika yaadhaasthithikathayum navaa-paarambaryavumaaya vyathyasam oonnipparayukayum cheythu. "raabi hirshinte poraattam santhulithaavasthaykko anuranjanathino samanvayathino allah, theerchayaayum samaantharashakthikkalla, marichu aadhipathyathinaayirunnu-puthiya pravanathakalude mail daivika kalppanakalude yadhaarthavum samboornnavumaaya aadhipathyathin vendiyaayirunnu" (isak brewer, hirshinte kochumakan). raabi hirshinekkurichum aadhunika yaadhaasthithikathaykku keezhilulla lekhanathilum kooduthal kaanuka.
haredi joothamatham.
innu, haredi "yeshiva samudaayangal" oru vidyaabhyaasa thathwachintha enna nilayil "idungiya vyaakhyaanam" paalikkunnu. "baise yakov school sanbradaayathinte paatyapadhathi roopappeduthiya adisthaana ashayamaayirunnu "thoraa imm dereck etts", athu ippozhum swaadheenamullathaayi thudarunnu. (vaasthavathil, cracovile seminariyil, saaraa shenirar raav hirshinte rachanakal jarmman bhashayil padippichu. (jarmman-janicha) adhyapakar jarmman samsaarikkukayum poolish vidyaarthikal jarmman padikkukayum cheythu.) athupole, "idungiya vyaakhyaanam" aankuttikalude haiskoolukalile paatyapadhathiye nayikkunnu.
mattu haredi samudaayangalaaya "thora maathram" school "torah imm derek etatsil" ninnu kooduthal akaleyaan. randaam lokamahaayudham muthal ellah boudhika kazhivukalum thora padanathinaayi maathram viniyogikkaanulla oru prathyayashaasthra pravanatha aaa campil undaayirunnu-skoolukalil, "yeshivot", "kolalukal". athinaal, ellah saahacharyangalilum sweekarikkenda ettavum anuyojyamaaya kozhs kazhiyunnathra kaalam muzhuvan samaya thora padanathinaayi svayam samarppikkuka ennathaanu; "mattoru badal illengil maathram lokathekku pogunnathu sweekarikkenda oru kozhs aanu". ivide, hirshian maathrkaye 1800-kalil padinjaaran europile prathyeka saahacharyangalil prayogikkaan uddeshichulla "samaya-nirddishta padippikkal" aaya "horat shhaa 'aayi" kaanunnu. (hirsh thanne eee vaadathe abhisambodhana cheythuvennu shradhikkuka "torah imm dereck etts"... prasnamullathum samayabandhithavumaya aashayangalude bhagamalla ithu; ellaayidathum ellaayppozhum pareekshanatthil nilakonda nammude munimaarude puraathanavum parambaraagathavumaaya jnjaanathe ithu prathinidheekarikkunnu."(" "gesammelte Schriften" "ennathinte poornnaroopam". 221); joseph brewerinu keezhil kooduthal kaanuka.)
kooduthal vaayana.
torah imm derek etts
raabi ezz.aarr. hirsh