
skotlandile malcom III

malcom III (; sii. 1058 muthal 1093 vare skotlandile rajaavaayirunnu). pinneedu addehathinu "canmore" (gaylic, aksharaarthatthil 'bigg head', 'grettu cheef' ennu manassilaakkappedunnu) ennu vilipperundaayirunnu. scoto-norman yugathinte thudakkathinu munbu malkkaminte 35 varshathe neenda bharanakalam. englandile henry onnamanum boulognile yoostes moonnaman addehathinte marumakkalaayirunnu, ithu addehathe chakravarthini mattilda, vilyam adilyn, boulognile mattilda ennivarude maathru muthachanaakki. panthrandaam noottaandil engleesh raashtreeyathil moovarum pramukharaayirunnu.
malkkaminte raajyam aadhunika skotlandinte muzhuvan pradeshathum vyapichirunnilla pala dveepukalum oykal nadiyude vadakkulla bhoomiyum scandinavian aayirunnu, koodaathe munpile raajyathin thekk niravadhi swathanthramo ardha-swathanthramo aaya raajyangalundaayirunnu, strathclide, bamberg enniva ulppede, malkkaminte sthaanaarohanathil skottukal avide enthu shakti prayogichuvennu urappilla. thante bharanakaalathu malcom moonnaaman engleesh pradeshathekku kuranjathu anchu aakramanangalenkilum nadatthi. pathimoonnaam noottaandinte avasaanam vare scotland bharicha vamshathinte sthaanam surakshithamaakkuka ennathaayirunnu malkkaminte praadhamika nettangalilonnu, ennirunnaalum oru raajavamshathinte sthaapakan enna nilayil addehathinte punk charithrathekkaal addehathinte pingaamikalude prachaaranavumayi bandhappettirikkunnu. malkkaminte randaamathe bharyayaaya maargarat pathimoonnaam noottaandil vishudhayaayi vishudhayaayi.
pashchaathalam.
malkkaminte pithaav dankaan onnaaman 1034 avasaanathode, dankante maathrpithaavum malkkaminte muthumuthachanumaaya malcom randaamante maranashesham rajaavaayi. oru scotish raajaavinte pattika malcominte ammaykku soodhan (sudhain) enna peru nalkunnu; malcominte amma danish erl sivaardinte 'rakthabandhuvaya' ('konsangwiniya') aayirunnuvennu fordente joonn parayunnu, ennirunnaalum ithu scotish raajakudumbathinte northaampttanile (athinte sthaapakanaayi siward kanakkaakkappettirunnu) erldamumaayulla bandham kooduthal aazhathilaakkaanulla oru vaikia sramamaayirikkaam. pathinanjaam noottaandil saakshyappeduthiya pilkkala paarambaryam, malcominte ammaye fortiviyottinte millarude makalaayi maattukayum malcomine oru themmaadiyaayi avatharippikkukayum cheiyunnu.
dankante bharanam vijayamayilla, 1040 august 15 nuu mcbethinte neethrthwathilulla moreyile aalukalumaayulla yudhathil addeham kollappettu. dunken marikkumbol cheruppamaayirunnu, malcom sahodaran donald orupakshe kuttikalaayirunnu. malkkaminte pithrupithaavu 1045-ll yudhathil kollappettu, orupakshe mcbethumaayulla chila thudarchayaaya samghattanangalude bhagamaayirikkaam ithu.
pilkkala paarambaryamanusarichu, dankante rund kochumakkale kooduthal surakshaykkaayi ayachu-krithyamaayi evideyaanu charchaavishayam. oru pathipp anusarichu, malkkaminte sahodaran donaldine dveepukalilekku ayachu; malcomine englandilekku ayachu; fordente vivaranathinte adisthaanathil, malcom malkkaminte pathinezh varshathe bharanathinte bhooribhaagavum englandu raajyathile edward kanfesarude kottaaratthil kadannuvennu anumanikkappettu. mcbetthinte kudumbatthinte shathruvaaya oorkniyile erl thorphin sigardsante kottaarathilvechu malcom naadukadatthappettathinum saadhyathayund. ireland stratclide mattu sthaanaarthikalaayirikkaam, pakshe naadukadatthappetta sthalamo yadhaarthathil naadukadatthappetta sthalamo urappalla. 
1054-ll north ambriyayile erl siward kamaandaraayi nadatthiya oru engleesh adhiniveshathinte lakshyamayirunnu "kumbrian raajaavinte makanaaya maal kolooyim" enna oraale sthaapikkuka ennathu. eee mell kolum parambaraagathamaayi pilkkala malcom III aayi thiricharinju. fordonile johninte "chronicle", athupole thanne malmesburyile vilyam polulla muun srothassukalil ninnaan eee vyaakhyaanam uruthirinjathu. mcbeth yudhathil siward kollappettathayi randaamathethu report cheythu, ennaal mcbeth sivaardinekkaal rund varsham kooduthal jeevichuvennu ariyappedunnu. eiii. eiii. emm. anglo-saaksan chronicle" enna entry avarude uravidamaayi upayogichukondu, pilkkala ezhuthukaar athe perilulla pilkkala scotish rajaavumaayi "mail koleem" ennu niraparaadhikalaayi thettidharichuvennu 2002 ll dankaan vaadichu. richard ooram, dauvitt braun, alex woolf thudangiya kaalaghattatthile prathyekathayulla niravadhi charitrakaaranmaar dankante vaadathe pinthunachittundu. orupakshe skotlandile rajaavaaya malcom randaamante makal strathclyde britiish rajaavaaya oovain foyalinte makanayirikkaamennum abhipraayamund.
1057 august 15nuu aberdeenshayarile lumphananil vachu malkkaminte kaiyil mcbethinte maranam vividha charitrakaaranmaar report cheiyunnu. mcbethinte pingamiyaayi addehathinte randaanachan lulach, orupakshe 1057 septambar 8-nuu skonil kireedamaniyukayum 1058 epril 23-nuu lalkine malcom "vanchanayal" kollukayum cheythu. athinusesham malcom rajaavaayi, orupakshe 1058 epril 25-nuu udghaadanam cheyyappettirikkam, ennirunnaalum forden joonn maathramaan ithu report cheiyunnathu.
aadyakaala bharanam.
oordarik vaittilisine aashrayikkanamenkil, edwardinte kaalath kanfesar malkkaminte vivaham engleesh raajaavinte bandhuvaya maargarattumaayi nischayichu, 1059-ll addeham englandu sandarshichappol ithu sambhavikkaan saadhyathayund. 1059-ll oru vivaha karar undakkiyaal, 1061-ll scots lindisfarne kollayadikkunnath avasaanippichilla. madhyakala gaelic samsaarikkunna samoohangalil rajaakkanmaar adikaaram ettedutha udan thanne ayalkkaarane aakramikkunnath saadhaaranamaayirunnu, koodaathe lindisphaarn raid puthiya bharanathinte sthiratha vardhippikkaan upayogichirikkaam. eee adhinivesham bamberg bharanaadhikaarikalude pradeshathe maathram nerittu baadhichathinaal, akkaalat romilekkulla theerthaadanatthil earppettirunnathum bamberg kudumbavumaayi nalla bandham aasvadikkaathathumaaya edward rajaavineyo yorkkile northambriyayile eeldormaaneyo prathyekichu vishamippikkaan saadhyathayilla. malcumminu prathyeka rashtreeya uddeshyangal undayirikkaam. udaaharanathinu, bharanakakshiyaya eedwalfing kudumbatthinte chelavil thante saadhyathayulla cussin aaya gospatric sthaanam munnott kondupokaan addeham sramichirikkaamennu abhipraayappedunnu. straatklaidinte avasthayekkurichulla tharkkatthinte bhagamaayirikkaam raid ennum abhipraayamund. 
pathimoonnaam noottaandile "oorkninga saaga" yile oru paarambaryam, phiin aarnesante makalaaya injibiyorgile thorphin sigardsante vidhava malcom vivaham kazhichathaayi vivarikkunnu. malcominte maargarattumaayulla vivaahathin munbu injibiyorg marichirikkaam. 1068ll uyarnna padavi labhicha oru sthriye vivaham kazhikkaanulla avasaram uyarnnappol malcom injibiyorg upekshichirikkam. pilkkala rajaavaaya dunken (donchad mack mile koleem) eee yooniyante uthppannamaayirunnuvennu "oorkninga saaga" avakaashappedunnu. malmesburyile vilyamine pinthudarnna chila madhyakala vyaakhyaanakaaranmaar, dunken niyamavirudhamaanennu avakashappettu, ennaal eee avakaashavaadam dankante pingamikalaaya maakviliyaminte avakaashavaadangale durbalappeduthunnathinna malkkaminte pingaamikalude aavashyathe prathifalippikkunna prachaaranamaan. ennirunnaalum, athupole, 1200 oode oorkniyude karshakarkk maakviliyaminte praadhaanyam rund kudumbangal thammilulla charitraparamaaya bandham shakthippeduthunnathin oru prachodanam nalkumaayirunnu, athinaal malcomumaayulla injibiyorginte vivaham pothuvarggam kettichamaykkunnathina srishtikkappettathaakaam. 
1085-ll malcominte makante mattoru makante maranavaartha report cheyyappettittund; domnalinu rekhappeduthiya ammayillaathathinaal, addeham injibiyorginu janichathakaam allengil rekhappeduthaatha mattethenkilum sthreek janichathakaam. charithraparamaayirunnenkil, malcominte injiborgumaayulla vivaham vadakkum padinjaarum anukoolamaaya oru rashtreeya sthaanam srishtikkaan sahaayikkumaayirunnu. avalude pithaav phiin harrald hardrada upadeshtaavaayirunnuvennum, haraldumaayi pranayathilaayathinu sesham denmark rajaavaaya swayne estridson addehathe oru erl aakkiyennum "hamescringla" parayunnu, ithu malsarathinulla mattoru shupaarshayaayirikkaam. malcom oorkniyude poorvvikanumaayi samadhaanaparamaaya bandham aasvadichirunnathaayi thonnunnu, addehathinte saadhyathayulla randaanammamaaraaya polum erland thorphinson samyukthamaayi bharichu. oorkninga saaga" norveyumaayi kalahamundennu report cheiyunnu, pakshe ithu malcominte maranavarshamaaya 1093-ll maathram norwayude rajaavaaya maagnasumaayi nagnaputhiyaayi bandhappettirikkunnathil ithu thettayirikkaam.
1065ll northambriyakkaar toastig gooad vinsone purathaakkiyappol malcom addehathinu sanketham nalkukayum 1066ll stanford bridge yudhathil paraajayatthilum maranathilum avasaanicha harreld hardrada toastig englandine aakramichathinu paroksha pinthuna vaagdaanam cheythathayi thonnukayum cheythu. 1068-ll, normandiyile vilyamil ninnu palayanam cheytha oru koottam engleesh naadukadathappettavarkku addeham abhayam nalki, avaril agatha, kanferarude anantharavan edwardinte vidhava, avarude makkal edger etheling, sahodarimaraaya maargarat, kristeena ennivar ulppedunnu. eee samayamaayappozhekkum bomberginte erl enna gospatric avarodoppam undaayirunnu. ennirunnaalum, scottle ninnu adiyanthara sahayam pratheekshichirunnenkil naadukadatthappettavar niraasharaayi.
maargarattumaayulla vivaham.
1069ll naadukadatthappettavar englandilekku madangukayum vadakku oru vyapakamaaya kalaapathil cherukayum cheythu. varshaavasaanathode gospatric, siward ennivarude makan walthioff keezhadangiyengilum, swayne estridsante keezhil oru danish sainyathinte varavu vilyaminte sthaanam durbalamaayi thudarumennu urappakkunnathaayi thonni. malcom yuddham cheyyaan theerumaanikkukayum thekk kumbriyayilekkum penninukalkkappurathekkum thante sainyathe kondupoyi, teasdale cleveland pazhaakki, pinneedu vadakkott march cheyyukayum kollayadikkukayum, ippol sunderland nagaratthinte bhagamaaya mangiya shabdathilekku neengukayum cheythu. avidevechu malcom edgarineyum kudumbatheyum kandumutty, avare thannodoppam madangaan kshanichenkilum avar vannilla. sweynine oru valia dayneld upayogichu vaangiyathinaalaanu malcom thante sainyathe veettilekku kondupoyathu. vadakkan engleesh vimatharkkethiraya vilyaminte kathikkarinja bhouma nayatthinte pashchaathalatthil, vilyam kombriyayiloode skotlandine akramikkaan gospatric ayachu. pakaramaayi, scots kappalppada gospaatrikkinte swathukkal kendreekarichirunna vadakkan theerathu raid cheythu. varshavasaanam, orupakshe europian pravaasathilekkulla yaathraamadhye kappal takarnna edger kudumbavum veendum skotlandil ethi, ithavana avide thamasikkaan. 1070 avasaanathode malcom edgarinte sahodari maargarattine (pinneedu sent maargarat ennariyappettu) vivaham kazhichu.
avarude kuttikalude perukal malcom, synid, eddu thudangiya parambaraagatha scots reejal perukalumaayulla oru edavelaye prathinidheekarikkunnu. maargarattinte puthranmaarkk-naadukadatthappetta avalude pithaavinte perilulla edward, muthachan edmund eronsaidinulla edmund, muthachante perilulla edmund, muthachante perilulla edmund, muthachante perilulla edmund, avalude muthachante perilulla edgar, sahodaran, hrasvamaayi thiranjedukkappetta rajaavaaya edmer ethaling ennivarkku-peru nalkal englandil nashtappedaan saadhyathayilla, avide normandiyile vilyam adhikaarathil surakshithanallaayirunnu. skotlandile bhaaviyile alexander onnaamante classical alexanderine dathedutthathum (onnukil alexander randaaman maarppaappayko allengil mahanaaya alexander randaamante) skotlandile bhaavi david onnaamante baibil david vilyam oof normandi eluppathil neekkam cheyyappedillenna amgeekaarathe prathinidheekarikkunnu, allengil anglo-saaksan rajakeeya namangal aavarthichathukondaano-edgarinu munbu mattoru edmund-ariyilla. malcumminu englandile henry onnaamane vivaham kazhicha edith, boulognile yoostes moonnaamane vivaham kazhicha merii ennee rund penmakkaleyum maargarat nalki.
1072-ll vadakku bhaagathe harrying poortthiyaakki, thante sthaanam veendum surakshithamaayathode, normandiyile vilyam oru sainyathodum oru kappalppadayodum oppam vadakkott vannu. malcom abernethiyile vilyamine kandumuttukayum "anglo-saaksan chroniclinte" vaakkukalil "addehathinte manushyanaayi" maarukayum thante mootha makan dankane bandiyaakkukayum vilyamum edger thammil samadhaanam krameekarikkukayum cheythu. muun rajaakkanmaar falamillaathe cheythathupole engleeshile raajaavinte aadhipathyam sweekarikkunnathu puthumayalla. malcominte kaaryatthilum ithu baadhakamaayirunnu; engleesh rajaavumaayulla addehathinte karaarine thudarnnu north ambriayilekku kooduthal reydukal nadannu, ithu erldomil kooduthal prashnangalilekkum gatesheadil bishop vaalchare kollunnathilekkum nayichu. 1080-ll vilyam thante makan roobert karthosine vadakkott oru sainyavumayi ayachappol addehathinte sahodaran oodoo vadakkan pradeshakkaare shikshichu. malcom veendum samadhaanam sthaapichu, ithavana athu oru pathittaandilere nilanirtthi.
loolaachinte makan mail snechthaay ozhike malcom rekhappeduthappetta aabhyanthara ethirppukal nerittu. oru asaadhaaranamaaya entriyil, "anglo-saaksan chronicle" skotlandinekkurich valare kurachu maathrame ulloo, 1078 ll ithu parayunnu
eee kalahathinu kaaranamayathenthum 1085 vare nilaninnu.
malkamum vilyam rufus.
pithaavinte maranashesham vilyam rufus englandinte rajaavaayappol, thudarnnulla roobert karthosinte anuyaayikalude kalaapangalil malcom edapettilla. 1091-ll vilyam rufus englandile edger ethlinginte bhoomi pidichedukkukayum edger vadakkott skotlandilekku palayanam cheyyukayum cheythu. meyy maasathil, malcom thekkott march cheythu, adimakaleyum kollayadikkaanalla, marichu 1080 ll roobert karthos nirmmicha nyookaasttiline uparodhikkaanaan. ithu thekk athirthi tweed nadiyil ninnu tease nadiyilekku munneraanulla sramamaanennu thonnunnu. roobert karthosumaayi pooraadiyirunna normandiyil ninnu engleesh raajaavine thirike konduvaraan eee bheeshani mathiyaayirunnu. septambaril, vilyam roofasinte sainyathe kurichu arinja malcom vadakkott pinvaangukayum engleeshukaar pinthudarukayum cheythu. 1072ll ninnu vyathyasthamayi, malcom yuddham cheyyaan thayyarayirunnu, ennaal edger ethelingum roobert karthos chernnu oru samadhaanam krameekarikkukayum malcom veendum engleesh raajaavinte aadhipathyam amgeekarikkukayum cheythu.
1092ll samadhaanam thakarnnuthudangi. aadhunika kumbriayude bhooribhaagavum skottukal niyanthrichirunnu enna aashayathinte adisthaanathil, vilyam roofasinte carlisilile puthiya kotta chuttumulla engleesh karshakare addeham adhivasippichathumaanu kaaranamenn karuthappettirunnu. malcom kumbria niyanthrichirunnathaayi parayanavilla, pakaram eee tharkkam 1072-ll vilyam roofasinte pithaav malcumminu englandu sandarshichappol attakuttappanikalkkayi anuvadicha estettukalumaayi bandhappettathaayirunnu. chodyam charcha cheyyaan malcom doothanmaare ayaykkukayum vilyam rufus oru metinginu sammathikkukayum cheythu. malcom thekk glousestarilekku yaatra cheyyukayum makal edithineyum bharyasahodari christeenayeyum sandarshikkaan vilttan aabiyil nirthukayum cheythu. tharkkam engleesh baaranukal vidhikkanamenn nirbandhichukondu vilyam rufus charchakal nadatthaan visammathichathayi kandethaan 1093 august 24 nuu malcom avideyetthi. eee malcom athu sweekarikkaan visammathikkukayum udan thanne skotlandilekku madangukayum cheythu.
vilyam rufus oru yudhathinu prerippikkaan uddeshichathaayi thonnunnilla, pakshe, "anglo-saaksan chronicle" report cheiyunnathupole, yuddham vannu
malkkaminoppam edward, addehathinte mootha makan maargarattum, niyukta anantharaavakaashiyum (allengil taanaiste), edger undaayirunnu. akkaalathe maanadandangalkkanusrithayi polum, skottukal northambria nasippikkunnathu kadinamaayi kaanapettu.
maranam.
veendum vadakkott neengumbol, 1093 november 13 nuu alnvikkinu sameepam addeham nashippicha northambriyayile erl roobert dii mobre malcummine aakramichu. avide bamberg kottayude kaavalkkaranaaya arkkil morel addehathe vadhichu. eee samgharsham alnwick yuddham ennariyappettu. ithe pooraattatthil edwardinu maarakamaayi parikkettu. edgaril ninnu avarude maranavaartha labhicha udan thanne maargarat marichathaayi parayappedunnu. alsttarinte charithrangal parayunnu
malkkaminte mrithadeham samskarikkunnathinaayi tinmouth prearyilekku kondupoyi. raajaavinte mrithadeham addehathinte makan alexanderinte bharanakaalathu dunfermline abbeyilo allengil orupakshe ionayilo punarsamskaaratthinaayi vadakkott ayachu.
1250 juun 19nuu malkkaminte bhaarya maargarattine niraparadhiyaaya naalaaman marpappa vishudhanaakkiyathinethur maargarattinte avashishtangal verthirichu oru avashishtathil sthaapichu. malkkaminte shavakudeerathinu mukalilulla dunfermline aabeyude uyarnna balipeetathilekku avashishtangal kondupoyathinaal athu neekkaan kazhiyaathathra bhaaramaayitheernnuvennu avakashappettu. thalphalamaayi, malcominte avashishtangalum verpeduthi, maargarattin sameepam balipeetathinaduthu kuzhichumoodappettu. maargarattinteyum bharthaavinteyum avashishtangal protestant parishkartthaakkalude aakramanathil ninnu samrakshikkunnathinaayi madaadhipathiyaaya jorjju durie dunfermlinil ninnu neekkam cheythu; thudakkathil avar pinneedu videshathulla kraiglaskaarile grameena estettilekku pooyi, 1580 aayappozhekkum speyinile philipp randaaman raajaavinte nirddeshaprakaaram avar saan lorenzo dii escorialile maadridinaduthulla sent laurencile rajakeeya aashramathil prathishtikkappettu, avide avar thaamasichu. 
vishayam.
malcomin injibiyorginum moonnu aanmakkalundaayirunnu
malcomin maargarattinum aarr aanmakkalum rund penmakkalum ulppede ettu makkalundaayirunnu.
fictionil chithreekaranam.
vilyam shakespeareude "mcbeth" enna kruthiyil malcom enna kathaapaathratheyaanu malcom avatharippikkunnath. addeham dunken raajaavinte makan simhaasanathinte anantharaavakaashiyumaanu. oru sarjantumaayi danganotoppam samsaarikkunna randaamathe ramgathaanu addeham aadyam prathyakshappedunnathu. mcbetthinte nandi kondu yuddham engane vijayichu ennu sarjant avarodu parayunnu. appol rooss varunnu, mcbeth thaane oof cavdor enna padavi sweekarikkanamennu dankaan theerumaanikkunnu. pinneedu addeham pinneedu act 1.4-ll kaadorinte muun thaaneyude vadhathekkurichu samsaarikkunnu. mcbeth akathu praveshikkukayum avar vijayathin addehathe abhinandikkukayum cheiyunnu. pinneedu addeham mcbetthinte kottaaratthil athidhiyaayi prathyakshappedunnu. pithaav kollappedumbol kolapaathakatthil samshayikkunnathinaal addeham englandilekku rakshappedunnu. pinneedu addeham act 4.3-ll prathyakshappedunnu, avide addeham makbethinekkurichum enthucheyyanamennum muck dafinodu samsaarikkunnu. avar randuperum avanethire oru yuddham aarambikkaan theerumaanikkunnu. act 5.4-ll addeham dansineynil yudhathinu thayyaaredukkunnathu kaanam. shaakhakalkku pinnil olichirikkaanum pathukke kottayilekku munneraanum addeham sainyathodu utharavidunnu. 5. 8-aamm aaktil addeham mcbethinum mcduffin ethiraaya yuddham siward, rooss enniva upayogichu kaanunnu. oduvil mcbeth kollappedumbol malcom rajaavaayi chumathalayelkkunnu.
malcom moonnaamanteyum maargarattinteyum vivahajeevitham moonnu charitra novalukalude vishayamaan merii echu ezhuthiya "eiii goodley pell" (1905). debenham, agnez graant heyude "malcom canmores pell" (1907), jaine olivarinte "singh, morning staar" (1949). avar dunfermlinil kottaarajeevithatthilum skotlandil anglo-saaksan samskaaram avatharippikkan sahayikkunna maargarattilum shradha kendreekarikkunnu. avasaanathe rund novalukal 1093 leeii sambhavangal ulkkollunnu, ithu malcominte maranathode avasaanikkunnu. skotlandile perthshireile donachaid sosaitti sentarile reeding reference libraryude bhagamaaya lora ballo ezhuthiya "malcom sann oof dankan" enna thirakkadhayil vilyam dhii kankvararumaayulla malkkaminte samgharsham chithreekarichirikkunnu.
malcom moonnaamane nigel traantar thante novalukalaaya "mcbeth dhii king", "maargarat dhii kween" ennivayil dunken onnaamante themmaadithanaaya makanayum fortiviyottile oru millarude makalaayum chithreekarichittundu. randaamathe novalil anglo-saaksan ellaathinteyum aaraadhakanaayi addehathe chithreekarichittundu.
skotlandile rajaavaaya malcom canmorineyum dunfermlinil addehathinte kottaaratheyum reegan wacker ezhuthiya "dhaa sherlen" enna novalil chithreekarichirikkunnu.
disney animated seereesaaya "gargoils" ll, "canmore" ennariyappedunna dunken raajaavinte ilaya makanayi malcom prathyakshappedunnu. mcbeth yudhathil pithaav kollappettathine thudarnnu addeham englandilekku naadukadatthappedunnu. scotish simhasana avakashappedaan madangiyethiya sesham addeham "vettakkaaran" enna vasthram ettedukkukayum skotlandile sheshikkunna kurachu gargoyal vamshangalil avasaanathe nasippikkukayum cheiyunnu.

