
woorsburg manthravaada vichaaranakal

innathe germmaniyile vishudha roman saamraajyathile svayambharana catholica rajakumaran-bishopic oof woorsburgill nadanna 1625-1631-nte woorsburg manthravaada vichaarana europil ithuvare kandittullathil vachu ettavum valia kootta vichaaranakalilum koottakkolakalilonnayi maari, charithratthile ettavum valia manthravaadikalude vichaaranakalilonnaanu ithu.
vichaaranakal ellah praayathilumulla, lingabhedathilulla, varggathilulla noorukanakkinu aalukale vadhikkan kaaranamaayi, avarellam chilappol shirachhedam cheytha sesham, chilappol jeevanode, thookkumaratthil kathikkappettu. woorsburg nagaratthile nootti ambathezhu sthreekalum kuttikalum purushanmaarum vadhikkappettathayi sthireekarichu; 219 perr nagaratthil thanne vadhikkappettathayi kanakkaakkappedunnu, koodaathe 900 perr prins-bishopic custadiyilirikke vadhikkappedukayo marikkukayo cheythathayi kanakkaakkappedunnu. catholica, protestant pradeshangal thammilulla matha athirthiyilulla oru pradeshathu protestantumaarum catholicar thammil nadannukondirikkunna muppath varshathe mathayudhathinidayilaanu manthravaada vichaaranakal nadannathu, thante pradeshathu ethir-parishkkaranam avatharippikkan uddeshichulla oru catholica prins bishappaan ithu nadathiyathu.
aadhunika kaalaghattatthinte aadyakaalathe ettavum valia manthravaada vichaaranakalilonnaanu woorsburg manthravaada vichaaranakal trier manthravaada vichaaranakal, fulda manthravaada vichaaranakal, bamberg manthravaada vichaaranakal ennivaykkoppam germmaniyile ettavum valia naalu vichaaranakalil onnaayirunnu eee parambara.
charithram.
sandarbham.
worsbergile aadyathe peedanangal worsbergile prins bishop juuliyas ector voonn mespelbruninte sammathathode aarambikkukayum addehathinte anantharavan pingaamiyumaaya philipp adolph voonn ehrenberghinte bharanakaalathu athinte paraakaashtayiletthukayum cheythu. avar 1626-ll nagarathinu chuttumulla pradeshathu aarambikkukayum 1630-ll baashpeekarikkappedukayum cheythu. palappozhum maanthrikavidyayude koottamaaya pareekshanangal pole, irakal taamasiyaathe prabhukkanmaar, kaunsil amgangal, mayermar ennivarulppede ellah samoohathileyum aalukale ennukayum cheythu. dakshina germmaniyil bamberg, aishtaatt, mains, elwangen thudangiya sthalangalil manthravaadikalude vichaaranakalude oru parambaraykku kaaranamaaya oru manthravaada unmaadathinte samayathaayirunnu ithu.
1620kalil, bohemiayile protestantisavum paalattinettile votermaarum nashichathode, germmaniyude catholica punarvijayavum punaraarambhichu. 1629-ll, thirichadavinte shaasanathode, athinte adisthaanam poornnamaanennu thonni. athe varshangalil, maddhya europil, ellah manthravaada-athikramangalilum ettavum moshamaayath, europian bhraanthante paraakaashtayaayirunnu.
1620kalile manthravaadikalil palarum catholica punarvijayathode vardhichu. chila pradeshangalil prabhuvo bishopo aayirunnu prakopanakaari, mattullavayil jesuitukal. chilappol eee pravartthanam munnott kondupokunnathinaayi praadeshika manthravaada samithikal roopeekarikkappettirunnu. rajakumaran-bishappukalkkidayil, worsbergile philipp adolph voonn ehrenberg prathyekichum sajeevamaayirunnu ettu varshathe bharanakaalathu (1623-31) addeham swantham anantharavan, pathonpathu catholica purohithanmaar, bhoothangalumaayi laingika bandhatthil earppettathaayi parayappedunna ezhu kuttikalude makkal ennivarulppede 900 pere chuttukonnu. baadanile varshangal 1627-29 bhayanakamaayirunnu, aduthide catholicarcayi tilly veendum keezhadakki oorttenoovil 70 perum offenbergil 79 perum irakalaayi. 1629ll bavarian prins-bishappaayirunna aishtaattil 274 manthravaadikalude maranathinu oru jadji avakaashavaadam unnayichu. newberg aan derr doonoo jillayile reachershofenil 1628 novemberinum 1630 august maasathinum idayil 50 pere vadhichu. rainlaandile moonnu prins-aarch bishappukalil theepidutthavum undaayi. trierinte prins-aarch bishappinte aasthaanamaaya coblensil 1629ll 24 manthravaadinikale kathichu; kuranjathu 30 manthravaadikalenkilum-anchu varshathe peedanatthinte thudakkam. mainsilum theepiduttham puthukki. colonil nagara pithakkanmaar ellaayppozhum karunayullavaraayirunnu, ithu prins-aarch bishappin deshyamundaakkiyenkilum 1627-ll nagarathinu mail sammarddam cheluthaanum athu vazhangaanum addehathinu kazhinju. swaabhaavikamaayum, peedanangal ettavum akramaasakthamaayi nadannathu swantham thalasthaanamaaya bonilaanu. avide, chansalare bharya aarch bishappinte sekrattariyude bharya vadhichu; moonnum naalum vayassulla kuttikalkk avarude kaamukanmarkkaayi pishachukkal undennu aaropikkapettu, vidyaarthikaleyum kuleenamaaya janmathilulla kochukuttikaleyum theepiduthatthilekku ayachu.
1620kalile abhinivesham germmaniyil maathramaayi parimithappedutthiyittil alsays, loraine, franch-koomett ennividangalile kaandaamrigangalilum ithu vyaapichu. aadambarangalude madaadhipathikal bharikkunna rajyangalil, franch-komettil, 1628-30 varshangale oru "epidemy demoniac" ennu visheshippichittundu."leeii maal vaa kroysant chuck juur", ennu doll majistrettukal prakhyaapichu, "ettu settu malhurios engians vaa pululant dii totts parts."manthravaadinikal, avar paranju," maranasamayathu mattu pathinanjo pathinaro gramangalil mattullavarude anantatha aaropikkunnu."
praadeshika pashchaathalavum pottippurappedalum.
rusbergile manthravaada peedanangalkk thudakkamittath refom catholica, kaundar-reformation catholica prins bishop juuliyas ector voonn mespelbron, worsbergile prins bishop, 1609-1622.1612 ll addeham protestant nagaramaya froidenberghine catholica bishapparikkil ulppeduthi, ithu ambathu vadhashikshakalode oru manthravaada vichaaranaykk kaaranamaayi. 1618ll muppath varshathe yuddham pottippurappettappol peedanangal pettennu avasaanikkunnathin munbu 1616 joolaay muthal 1617 juulai vare 300 pere vadhichu, ithinethudarnnu woorsburgill thanne oru manthravaada vichaarana nadannu.
apoornnamaaya rekhakal kaaranam 1625-1631-nte manthravaadikalude vichaaranayude krithyamaaya kaaranam poornnamaayum vyakthamalla. 1625ll aadyathe manthravaada vichaarana nadannu, ennirunnaalum ithu oru otappetta kesaayirunnu. 1626ll munthirivalliyude vilaveduppu manju moolam nasippikkappettu. manju mlechatha moolamaanennu abhyoohangal parannathine thudarnnu, chila prathikal arastilaavukayum maanthrikavidya upayogichaanu mlechatha srishtichathennu peedanathinirayaakkiyathaayi sammathikkukayum cheythu.
niyamaparamaaya prakriya.
juuliyas ector voonn mespelbruninte anantharavan pingaamiyumaayirunna, refom catholica, kaundar reformation catholica prins bishop philipp adolph voonn ehrenberg, prins bishop oof woorsburg inn 1623-1631 aanu 1625-1631-nte woorsburg manthravaada vichaarana aarambhichath. eee pradesham catholica-prathishedha matha athirthikkaduthaayirunnu, puthiya bishop raajakumaarante lakshyam ethir-naveekaranatthinte aadarshangalkkanusrithamaayi oru "daivika raashtram" srishtikkuka, janangale anusarikkukayum bhaktarum anuroopavum katholikkaraakkuka ennivayaayirunnu, nagaratthil manthravaadam nilanilkkunnuvennu abhyoohangal parannappol addeham anweshanathinu utharavittu.
manthravaadatthinte ellah kesukalum kaikaaryam cheiyunnathinulla chumathalayode oru prathyeka manthravaada kammeeshan samghadippichu. konstityooshan criminals carolina niyanthrikkunna niyanthranangalonnumille manthravaada kammeeshan peedanam nadatthi, aadyam swantham kuttasammatham nadatthaanum thudarnnu koottaalikalkkum manthravaadikal cheiyunnatho manthravaadikalude shabbathil pankedukkunnatho kanda mattullavarude perukal parayanum prathikale nirbandhitharaakki. koottaalikalennu perittavare arast cheyyukayum puthiya koottaalikale perunalkunnathinaayi peedippikkukayum cheythu, ithu manthravaada vichaaranayude ennam athivegam vardhippikkukayum arasttukalum vadhashikshakalum vardhippikkukayum cheythu, prathyekichum manthravaada kammeeshan eathu perukalil vivechanam kaanikkathe ellah praayathilumulla sthreepurushanmaareyum vivechanarahithamayi arast cheythu.
kesukalum prathikalum.
woorsburg manthravaada vichaaranaykkum bambergile samanthara manthravaada vichaaranaykkum saadhaaranamaaya, thozhilaalivargakkaar peedanatthinu vidheyaraakkiyathinu sesham varenyavargathile amgangale arast cheythu, ithu samakaalika samoohathil saadhaaranayaayi sambhavikkatha oru prathibhasamaayirunnu, eee prakriya mattoru kuttakrithyathekkuril. ennirunnaalum, worsbergilum bambergilum oru paridhivare vyathyaasamund, woorsburgill, purohita varenyavargathile niravadhi amgangal arastilaavukayum niravadhi kuttikal prathikalil ulppedukayum cheythu.
nagaratthile aadya arasttukal parambaraagathamaayi samshayikkappedunna pavapetta thozhilaallivargga vanithakalaayirunnu, ennaal vichaaranayude valippam vardhichathode ellah vibhagangalil ninnumulla kooduthal purushanmaarum kuttikalum prathikalaayirunnu, vichaaranayude pilkkala varshangalil chilappol vadhashikshaykk vidheyaraakkappettavaril bhooribhaagavum purushanmarayirunnu. naalppathimoonnu purohithanmareyum bishop raajakumaarante anantharavanaaya ernst voonn ehrenberghin vadhichu. panthrand vayassinu thaazheyulla 49 kuttikalenkilum vadhikkappettathayi sthireekarichittundu, avaril palarum anaadhaalayathil ninnum school juuliyas-spittalil ninnum athiyavaraanu.
1629-leeii oru samakaalika kathu ellah praayathilumullavarum ellah vibhagathilumullavarum ellah divasavum engane arast cheyyappettuvennu vivarikkunnu. janasamkhyayude moonnilonnu manthravaadikalude shabbathil pankedutthathaayum adhikaarikal thirayunna saathaante black bookil paraamarshichathaayum samshayikkappettu. kolapaathakavum pishaachinte perum ulppedeyulla oru paatt muzhakkunnath vare, allengil veruthe alanjuthiriyukayum avar enthukondaanu pattanatthiloode kadannupokunnathennu thripthikaramaaya vishadeekaranam nalkaan kazhiyaathathino prayamo thozhilo lingabhedamo pariganikkathe jeevithathinte ellah mekhalakalilumulla aalukale arast cheyyukayum kuttam chumathukayum cheythu 32 avar alanjuthiriyunnathaayi thonnunnu.
rekhakal bhaagikamaayi maathram samrakshikkappedunnathil vadhashikshayude krithyamaaya ennam ariyilla. 1627 muthal 1629 februvari vare nagaratthil thanne 157 vadhashikshakalekkurich oru pattika vivarikkunnu, ennaal "aakta ettu skriptta majikka" yill pattika sookshichirikkunna houber, pattika poortthiyaakaathathaanennum mattu niravadhi kathalukalum undennum abhiprayappettu. 1629 februvari manthravaadikalude vichaaranayude madhyathilaayirunnu, athu 1631 vare rund varsham koodi thudarnnu. nagarathinullil thanne 219 vadhashikshakalum nagarathinu purathulla prins bishappinte adhikaarathilulla pradeshangalil 900 vadhashikshakalum kanakkaakkappedunnu. samakaalika bamberg manthravaadikalude vicharanayaaya 1626-1630 nuu thottumunbu franconiayude charithratthile ettavum valia manthravaada vicharanayaayi ithine paraamarshikkappedunnu.
avasaanam.
woorsburgill nadannukondirikkunna bahujana prakriya ganyamaaya shradha aakarshichu. saamoohika nilavaaram pariganikkathe vivechanarahithamayi peedanatthinu vidheyaraaya aalukal nalkia koottaalikal ennu karuthappedunnavarude perukal manthravaada kammeeshan sweekarichathinte falamaayi arastilaayavaril palarkkum swaadheenamulla bandhukkalum uyarnna vargakkaar thammilulla bandhavumundaayirunnu. atharam vyakthikalkk pradeshathu ninnu rakshappedaanum bishop raajakumaaranethire paraathikal nalkaanum maarppaappaykkum vishudha roman chakravarthikkum maarppaappaykkum maarppaappaykkum maarppaappaykkum maarppaappaykkum maarppaappayude melnottatthilulla unnatharkkum paraathikal nalkaanum vibhavangal undaayirunnu. 1630-ll, imperial chamber kodathiyil atharamoru paraathikkusesham, peedanangalkkethire chakravarty oru pothu apalapanam purappeduvichu. 1631 juulai 16nuu bishop philipp adolph voonn ehrenberg rajakumaran marichu. athe varsham thanne, gustavas adolphus raajaavinte keezhil sweedish sainyam eee nagaram kaivashappeduthukayum oduvil manthravaadikalude vichaarana avasanippikkukayum cheythu.
paarambaryavum anantharafalangalum.
samakaalika germmaniyil, worsburghinteyum bamberghinteyum bheemaakaaravum samantharavumaaya kootta manthravaada vichaaranakale manthravaadathekkurichu anweshikkaan thaalpparyamulla mattu samsthaanangalum nagarangalum, prathyekichu verthaim, mergentaim enniva maathrkayaayi kandu. woorsburg manthravaada vichaaranakal 1628-ll mergenheim manthravaadikalude vichaaranayude thudakkathe swaadheenikkukayum aniyanthrithamaaya manthravaada peedanangal "woorsburg varkk" ennariyappedukayum cheythu.
akkoundukal.
samanthara bamberg manthravaada vichaaranakal thadavukaaranaaya johannes juuniyas thante makalkku ezhuthiya samakaalika kathinu prashasthamaanenkilum, woorsburg manthravaada vichaaranakal prins bishappinte kaunsilar oru suhruthinu ezhuthiya samakaalika kathinu prashasthamaan, ithu nadannukondirikkunna manthravaada vettaye vivarikkunnu.
1629 augustil worsbergile prins-bishappinte chansalar oru suhruthinu ingane ezhuthi (jarmman bhashayil):
friedrich spee.
oru jesuit, friedrich spee, worsbergile valia peedanatthil manthravaadikalude kuttasammatham nadatthuka enna anubhavathaal kooduthal samoolamaayi parivartthanam cheyyappettu. akaalathil mudi veluppicha aaa anubhavam, ellah kuttasammatham moolyamillaathathaanennum, peedanatthe maathram adisthaanamaakkiyullathaanum, thaan dandanathilekku nayicha oraal polum kuttakkaranallennum addehathe bodhyappedutthi. thante chinthakal mattuvidhathil parayaan kazhiyaathathinal-thaan ezhuthiyathupole, addeham taannarinte vidhiye bhayapettu-addeham oru pusthakam ezhuthi, athu anjjaathamaayi kayyezhuthuprathiyiloode pracharippikkan uddeshichu. ennaal oru suhruthu athu rahasyamaayi protestant nagaramaya hamelnilekku athichu, avide athu 1631-ll "kottiyo criminalis" enna peril achadichu.
fiction.
1926ll jacob wasserman (1873-1934) prasidheekaricha "derr aufrur umm denne junker ernst" ("junker ernstinekkurichulla kolahalam") enna jarmman noval. berlinile fisher verlag, vichaaranavelayil nadannu, pradhana kathaapaathram ettavum ariyappedunna erakalil oraalaayirunnu; prins bishappinte anantharavanaaya ernst voonn ehrenberg.
vadhashikshakalude pattika.
1745ll eberhard david houbar bibliotheca sivu aakta ettu skriptta majikka enna prasidheekaranathil prasidheekaricha woorsburg manthravaada vichaaranakalile vadhashikshakalude oru prashasthamaaya pattikayund. grundlish naachriktan aandu artheyil voonn solchen buchern aandu handlungen, velche dye maachu dess tuffels inn liblision dingen betrefen, 36 stakku inn 3 banden. lengo <aii. dii. 1>, baibil. maagu. 36. stukku, 1745, ezz. 807."ennirunnaalum, pattika apoornnamaanu, athu vadhashikshayude oru thiranjeduppu maathram udharichuvennum kanakkaakkiyavaykk purame mattu niravadhi kathalukalum undennum vyakthamaayi prasthaavikkunna oru rekhaye adisthaanamaakkiyullathaanu. koodaathe, 1629 februvari 16nuu munbu nadanna vadhasiksha maathramaan pattikayil ulppedunnathu, aaa samayat vichaaranakal ippozhum thudarukayum rund varshathilere neendunilkkukayum cheythu. vadhikkappettathayi pattikappedutthiyavaril bhooribhaagatheyum peru kondu thirichariyunnilla, pakaram pathonpathu vayassulla gobalinte kutty, "pattanatthile ettavum sundariyaaya penkutty", "alanjuthiriyunna aankutti, panthrand vayass" allengil "naalu vichithra purushanmaarum sthreekalum, maarkkattil urangunnathayi" kaanapedunnu. vichithram" enna aaropanam palappozhum ardhamaakkunnathu avar worsbergile nivaasikalallenno protestantukalaanenne vishwasikkappedunnavaro aanenno aanu. pattika thaazhepparayunna kesukal nalkunnu
aadyathe theepidutthatthil naalu perr. 
randaamathe theepidutthatthil naalu perr. 
moonnaamathe theepidutthatthil anchu perr. 
naalaamathe theepidutthatthil anchu perr. 
anchaamathe theepidutthatthil ettu perr. 
aaraamathe theepidutthatthil aarr perr 
ezhaamathe cathicalil ezhu perr. 
ettaamathe cathicalil ezhu perr. 
onpathaamathe theepidutthatthil anchu perr. 
pathaamatthe cathicalil moonnu perr. 
pathinonnaamatthe cathicalil naalu perr. 
panthrandaam theepidutthatthil rund perr. 
pathimoonnaamatthe cathicalil naalu perr. 
pathinalam theepidutthatthil rund perr. 
pathinanjaam theepidutthatthil rund perr. 
pathinaaraamatthe cathicalil aarr perr. 
raavile aarr manikk chansalarude muttathu oru nalla peju raatsenstain vadhikkappedukayum divasam muzhuvan addehathinte thoonil vaykkukayum pittennu thaazhepparayunnava upayogichu kathikkukayum cheythu 
pathinezhaam theepidutthatthil naalu perr. 
pathinettaam theepidutthatthil aarr perr. 
pathonpathaam theepidutthatthil aarr perr. 
irupathaam theepidutthatthil aarr perr. 
irupathonnaam theepidutthatthil aarr perr. 
irupathimoonnaam theepidutthatthil aarr perr. 
irupathimoonnaam theepidutthatthil onpathu perr. 
irupathinaalaamathe theepidutthatthil ezhu perr. 
irupathiyanchaamathe theepidutthatthil aarr perr. 
irupathiyaaraamathu cathicalil ezhu perr. 
irupathiyezhaamathe cathicalil ezhu perr. 
irupathiyettaam theepidutthatthil, mezhukuthirikalkku sesham, 1629-ll, aarr perr. 
irupathiyombathaam theepidutthatthil ezhu perr. 

