hongong pradesham vipuleekarikkunathinulla kanvenshan

hongong pradeshatthinte vipuleekaranathe bahumaanikkunna yunaittad kingdow chinayum thammilulla kanvenshan, hongong pradeshatthinte vipuleekaranathinulla kanvenshan allengil pekkinginte randaamathe kanvenshan ennariyappedunnu, 1898 juun 9 nuu kwing chinayum yunaittad kingdow thammil oppuvacha paattamayirunnu.
pashchaathalam.
1898 march 6 num epril 8 num idayil, onnaam sino-japanese yudhathil (1894-1895) chainayude paraajayatthinte pashchaathalatthil, aagola naavika thaavalangalude britiish shringalaye nerittu ethirthu jarmman aagola naavika saannidhyathe pinthunaykkunnathinaayi, shandong upadveepinte thekkan theerathulla jiosho ulkkadalinu chuttumulla oru kalkari nilayathinaayi 99 varshathe kiyautchou bay kanseshan king saamraajyathe jarmman sarkkar nirbandhithamaakki. ithu mattu europian shakthikalumayi samanamaaya paatta udambadikalkku thudakkamittu, udaaharanathina
hongong pradesham shakthippeduthaan shramicha yunaittad kingdow (claude maiks well mcdonald vazhi) kwing saamrajyavum hongonginte vipuleekaranam anuvadikkunnathinekkur dhaaranayilethi. thalphalamaayi, 1898 juun 9 nuu baijingle (pecking) hongong pradesham vipuleekarikkunathinulla kanvenshan oppuvachu. dveepinu chuttumulla kolaniyude sariyaaya sainika prathirodham urappakkaan aavashyamaaya puthuthayi ettedutha bhoomiyude muzhuvan adikaaraparidhiyum britteeshukaarkk nalkunnathinaayi karar oppuvachu.
britiish sainikarkkulla oru vyayaama sthalamaaya semiteri sthalavum vikasanathinulla bhoomiyum ulppedunnathaanu 1894-leeii bhoomiyude upayogathinulla aadyakaala nirddeshangalil chilath. britiish kazhchappadil surakshayeyum praadeshika prathirodhatheyum kurichulla aashankakal kararinu pradhana prachodanam nalki.
nibandhanakal.
kanvenshanu keezhil, ippol athirthi theruvinu vadakkum shamm chunn nadiyude thekkum bhaagathulla pradeshangalum pinneedu "puthiya pradeshangal" ennariyappetta chuttumulla dveepukalum 99 varshathekku yunaittad kingdatthinu vaadakaykku nalkukayum 1997 juun 30 nuu avasaanikkukayum hongonginte kireeda kolaniyude bhagamaavukayum cheythu. kauloon mathilukalulla nagaram ozhivaakkappedukayum kwing chainayude niyanthranatthil thudarukayum cheythu. yunaittad kingdatthinu paattatthinu nalkia pradeshangal yadhaarthathil gwangdong pravishyayile sinan kaundiyaanu bharichirunnathu. kanvenshanile britiish prathinidhiyaya claude mcdonald 99 varshathe paattatthinu thiranjedutthathu athu "ennennekkumaayi nallathaanennu" karuthiyathinaal aayirunnu. pradeshangal thirike nalkendivarumennu yunaittad kingdom orikkalum karuthiyirunnilla, paattatthine oru soukaryapradamaaya kararayi kandu.
phalam.
kanvenshanu keezhilulla chila bhoomi graameenamaayi thudarunnu, hongonginte sheshikkunna muzhuvan krishiyidangalum ivideyaanu. ennirunnaalum, nagara jillakal kooduthal thirakkeriyathaayathinaal thirakkeriyathaayathinaal muthal sarkkar nagarapradeshangal vikasippichu. prathyekichum, kaulooninu ettavum aduthulla pradeshangal kauloon jillakalumaayi samyojippikkappedukayum avaa puthiya pradeshangalil bharanaparamaayi ulppeduthathirikkukayum cheythu. thudarchayaaya janasamkhya vardhanavum nagaratthinullile tirakkum kaaranam, puthiya pradeshangalude upagraha nagarangal janasamkhyayude oru cheria bhooripaksham ippol avide thamasikkunna ghattathilekku kooduthal praadhaanyamarhikkunnu.
hongongine rund bhagangalaayi vibhajikkumennathinaal paattathineduttha bhoomi maathram thirike nalkunnathu asaadhyamaakki. colonial sakthikal thangalkk mail adichelppicha "asamathva udambadikal" ennu vilikkappedunnava amgeekarikkillennu nilapad sweekarichukondu hongongine muzhuvan thirike nalkaan chainakkaarum britteeshukaare sammarddathilaakkaan thudangi.
yunaittad kingdatthileyum peeples republic oof chainayileyum (pii. aarr. sii) sarkkarukal 1984-ll sino-britiish samyuktha prakhyapanam avasaanippichu, athinte keezhil paattatthinu nalkia pradeshangalude paramadhikaaram, hongong dweep, kauloon (athirthi theruvinu thekk) enniva nanking udambadi (1842), pecking kanvenshan (1860) enniva prakaram 1997 juulai 1 nuu pii. aarr. sii. kku kaimaran theerumaanichirunnu. thudarnnu pradesham shedule cheythathupole kaimari.
karaarinte avasaanam.
1842-leeii nanking udambadiyil, onnaam karupp yudhathile britiish vijayathethudarnnu hongongine oru kireeda kolaniyaakkaan kwing sarkkar sammathichu, athu 'shaashvathamaayi' vittukoduthu. pathonpathaam noottaandinte randaam pakuthiyil, otappetta dveepaaya hongonginte surakshayekkurich brittan aashankaakulamaayirunnu. thathfalamaayi, randaam karupp yudhathile britiish vijayathethudarnnu, kauloon upadveep brittanu kaimari. 99 varshathe paattathodeyulla puthiya pradeshangal, hongonginte kireeda kolaniyaayi roopappedunna eaka pradeshangalaayirunnu, avaa karar prakaram thirike nalkaan baadhyasthamaayirunnu. ennirunnaalum, 1980-kalil gauravameriya charchakal nadakkumbozhekkum, hongongileyum kauloonileyum vibhavangalude kuravum puthiya pradeshangalile valia sambhavavikasangalum kaaranam vittukodutha pradeshangal verthirikkukayum puthiya pradeshangal maathram chainaykku thirike nalkukayum cheiyunnathu apraayogikamaayi kaanapettu. thathfalamaayi, 1997 juun 30 nuu vaikunneram ardharaathriyode, hongongile muzhuvan kireeda kolaniyum audyogikamaayi chainees paramaadhikaarathilekku madangukayum athu aarambhich 156 varshathinu sesham britiish bharanam avasanippikkukayum cheythu.
pakarppukal.
kanvenshante yadhaartha pakarpp nilavil thaayvaanile deseeya kottaram myoosiyathilaan.

