staanli meyarinte vaattar fueval sell

staanli aalan mayer (august 24,1940-march 20,1998) srishticha oru "perpechwal moshan mesheen"-nte saankethika roopakalppanayaanu vaattar fueval sell. upakaranavumayi punarnirmmicha oru kaarinu gasoline pakaram vellam indhanamaayi upayogikkaamenn mayer avakashappettu. thante "vaattar fueval selline" kurichum athil pravartthikkunna kaarinekkurichum mayer nadatthiya avakaashavaadangal 1996 ll ohiyo kodathi vanchanaaparamaanennu kandethi.
vivaranam.
jala indhana sell jalathe athinte ghadaka gadakangalaaya hydrajan, ooksijan enningane vibhajikkunnu. jala thanmaathrakale punarnirmmicha oru prakriyaya oorjjam uthppaadippikkunnathina hydrajan vaathakam kathichu. mayer parayunnathanusarichu, vaidyuthavishleshanam nadatthaan upakaranathinu parambaraagatha shaasthram pravachichatho alakkunnatho aaya ettavum kuranja oorjja aavasyakathayekkaal kuranja oorjjam aavasyamaanu. pravartthanatthinte samvidaanathil 2:1 anupaathathilulla ooksihaidrajan misrithamaaya "braun vaathakam" ulppedunnuvennu aaropikkapettu, ithu draavaka jalathinte athe gadanayaanu; athu pinneedu anthareeksha vaayuvumayi (naitrajan, ooksijan, aargon muthalaayava) kalarthum. thathfalamaayundaakunna hydrajan vaathakam oorjjam uthppaadippikkunnathina kathikkukayum athu vellam verthirichedutha yoonittil ninnu verthiricha mattoru yoonittile jala thanmaathrakale punarnirmmikkukayum cheythu. nirddishtamaayi upakaranam pravarthikkukayaanenkil, athu thermodynamicsinte onnum randum niyamangal lamghikkukayum oru shaashwatha chalana yanthramaayi pravartthikkaan anuvadikkukayum cheyyum.
fueval sell" enna padam.
hydrajan ooksijanum uthppaadippikkunnathina vaidyuthiye vellathiloode kadannupokunna thante upakaranathinte bhaagathe soochippikkaan mayer thante pettantukaliludaneelam "fueval sell" allengil "vaattar fueval sell" enna padangal upayogichu. eee ardhathil mayer eee padam upayogikkunnathu shaasthrathilum enchineeyaringilum athinte saadhaarana ardhathinu virudhamaanu, athil atharam koshangale parambaraagathamaayi "electrolytic cellukal" ennu vilikkunnu. koodaathe, "fueval sell" enna padam saadhaaranayaayi oru kemikkal redox prathikaranatthil ninnu vaidyuthi ulppaadippikkunna cellukalkkaayi neekkivachirikkunnu, athesamayam meyarinte fueval sell vaidyuthi upayogikkunnu, addehathinte pettantukalilum valathuvashathulla sarkyoottilum kaanichirikkunnathupole. 1990 leeii pettantil mayer oru "vaattar fueval sell assembly" yude upayogam vivarikkukayum thante "fueval sell vaattar kappaasittarinte" chila chithrangal chithreekarikkukayum cheiyunnu. pettant anusarichu, eee saahacharyathil "... fueval sell' enna padam oru vaattar kappaasittar sell ulkkollunna kandupiduthathinte orotta yoonittine soochippikkunnu... athu kandupiduthathinte reethikk anusrithamaayi indhana vaathakam uthppaadippikkunnu."
maadyama vaartha.
oru ohiyo tivi steshanile oru warta reportil, mayer thante vaattar fueval sell upayogichu pravarthikkunnuvennu avakaashappedunna oru dyoon baggi kaanichu. loss enchalsil ninnu newyorkkilekku pookaan 22 us gallen (83 littar) vellam maathrame aavashyamulloo ennu addeham paranju. koodaathe, enchin silindarukalil hydrajan/ooksijan misritham avatharippicha "injectorukal" upayogichu theeppori plugukal maattisthaapichathaayi mayer avakashappettu. vellam oru vaidyutha anuranathinu vidheyamaayi, athu athine athinte adisthaana aattomik mekkappilekk verpeduthi. jala indhana sell jalathe hydrajan, ooksijan vaathakangalayi vibhajikkukayum thudarnnu oru parambaraagatha aantharika jwalana enchinil jalabaashpamaayi veendum kathichu motham oorjjam uthppaadippikkukayum cheyyum.
academic jenalaaya "nechar" ll ezhuthiya philipp booal, meyarinte avakaashavaadangale kapadashaasthramaayi visheshippichu, "meyarinte kaar engane pravarthikkunnuvennu sthaapikkunnathu eluppamalla, athil gadakangalude punasamyojanatthiloode purathuvannathinekkaal kuranja oorjjam upayogichu vellam vibhajikkaan kazhiyunna oru indhana sell ulppedunnu ennathozhike... kapadashaasthrathinethiraaya kurishuyudhakkaarkku avarkk ishtamullathra prakopippikkaanum prakopippikkaanum kazhiyum, pakshe oduvil jalathe oru indhanamenna nilayil kettukatha orikkalum marran pokunnillennu avar sammathichekkaam."
innuvare, meyarinte upakaranagalekkurichulla piyar review cheytha padanangalonnum shaasthreeya saahithyathil prasidheekarichittil. nechar" enna jenalile oru lekhanam meyarinte avakaashavaadangale "indhanamaayi vellam" enna mattoru kettukadhayaayi visheshippichu.
cases.
vaattar fueval sell teknolajiyil bisinesses cheyyaanulla avakasham vaagdaanam cheyth dealershippukal vitta rund nikshepakar 1996 ll addehathinethire cases phayal cheythathinetthudarnnu staanli meyarinte kandupidutham pinneedu vanjanaaparamennu visheshippikkappettu. addehathinte kaar vidagdha saakshiyaya maikkal laattan parishodhikkendathaayirunnu, landanile kween merii sarvakalaashaalayile electrical enchiniyaring professor royal akkadami oof enchineeyaringinte fello. ennirunnaalum, professor laattan pareekshayude divasangalil oru "mudanthan ozhikazhivu" aayi kanakkakkiyathum pareeksha thudaraan anuvadikkaathathum mayer cheythu. addehathinte "vaattar fueval sell" pinneedu kodathiyil moonnu vidagdha sakshikal parishodhichu, avar "sellil viplavakaramaaya onnum illennum athu parambaraagatha vaidyuthavishleshanam maathramaan upayogikkunnathennum kandethi."mayer" "ghoravum gurutharavumaaya vanchana" "nadathiyathaayi kandethiya kodathi rund nikshepakarkkum avarude 25,000 dollar thirichadaykkaan utharavittu".
meyarinte maranam.
1998 march march oru restorantil bhakshanam kazhikkunnathinide staanli mayer pettennu marichu. rund beljian nikshepakarumaayulla koodikkazhchayil, "avar enikku visham nalki" ennu paranju mayer pettennu purathirangukayaayirunnu addehathinte sahodaran avakashappettu. oru anweshanathinu sesham, uyarnna rakthasammardhamulla mayer cerebral aneurism moolamaanu marichathennu vidhicha franklin kaundi coroner reportinode grove sitti police yojichu. thante kandupiduthangal adichamarthaanaanu addeham kollappettathenn meyarinte anuyaayikalil chilar vishwasikkunnu. beljian nikshepakaril oralaaya philipp wandemoortale, thaan niravadhi varshangalayi meyarine saambathikamaayi pinthunaykkunnundennu addehathe oru vyakthiparamaaya suhruthaayi kanakkakkunnuvennum kimvadanthikal evide ninnaan varunnathennum thanikk ariyillennum paranju.
anantharafalangal.
meyarinte pettant kaalavadhi kazhinju. addehathinte kandupiduthangal ippol pothusanjayatthilaanu, niyanthranamo royaltti adavo illaathe ellaavarkkum upayogikkaan labhyamaan. oru enchino vahana nirmmathavo meyarinte jolie ulppeduthiyitla.

