dermal paachu

charmmathilekku oru marunnu athikkunnathinaayi manushya charmmatthil sthaapichirikkunna oru medisittad adisheev paachu aanu dermal paachu allengil skin paachu. charmmatthiloodeyum rakthapravaahathilekkum marunnu athikkunna transdermal paachinu vipareethamaayittaan ithu.
noothana jaivavasthukkal.
silkkukal.
chilanthi putt.
gaveshanam.
2016-ll, nottingam sarvakalashaalayil ninnulla oru patanam, swaabhaavikamaayi karangunna chilanthi pattumayi pravartthanaparamaayi saamyamulla aadyathe synthetic chilanthi pattine vivarikkunnu. prakrithidathamallaatha methionin analog ell-acedohomalanine (ell-aahaa), janithakamaayi parishkaricha iii-koolii koshangal enniva upayogichu, philament srishtikkaan aavashyamaaya saahacharyangalil svayam kootticherkkunna proteinukal uthpaadippikkappettu. eee avasthakal varshangalkk munbu jeey. johanson sahapravarthakarum chilanthi silk proteinukalude uthppaadanam padikkunnu. padanatthil upayogicha proteinukal athe reethiyil perumaarunna prakrithiyil kaanapedunna silk monomerukalude oru cheria pathippaanu; parishkkaranangal kaaranam, philamentinte achuthandil nazhsari-web chilanthiyil ninnu uruthirinja svayam kootticherkkunna recombinent dragline silk proteinaaya protein protein pravarthanakshamamaaya pradeshangal prakadippikkaan avarkk kazhinju.
reethikal.
4Repct protein pravarthanakshamamaakkunnathu reethikal vijayakaramaan, pakshe biological parithasthithikalil sthirathayulla protein pravarthanakshamatha vishwasaneeyamaayi uthppaadippikkunnathinu vazhiyil allah, athu tyoon cheyyaanum parishkkarikkanum kazhiyum. functional pepttaid seekwansukalude silk jeenukalumaayulla janithaka samyojanavum amino assid side cheyinukalilekkulla functional moleculukalude raasa samyojanavum maathramaan tunable pravarthanakshamathayulla pravarthanakshamamaaya 4 repkt protein nedunnathinu nilavil ariyappedunna rund reethikal. aadya sameepanathin, paribhaashaykk sheshamulla putt kaikaaryam cheiyunnathu kuraykkuka enna nettamundu. nirbhagyavashaal, jeeninte uyarnna jisiyude (gwanine-cytosine) ulladakkam transcription pishakukalilekku nayikkunnathinaal janithaka krithrimathvam velluviliyaanu. eee reethi pravarthanaparamaaya binding saittukalude vyaapanam 25 keey. dii. eiii 4 repkt silk proteinil orotta ligand-binding saittilekk parimithappedutthunnu. aantibodikal polulla valia adapter proteinukal kooduthal binding sittukal pradarshippikkaan upayogikkaam, pakshe ithu oru praayogika parihaaramaayi kanakkakkunnilla. eee reethi swaabhaavika spidroine proteinukalekkaal uyarnna kosha ottikkalum vaividhyamaarnna antimicrobial gunangalumulla 4-repkt proteinukal uthpaadippikkumennu theliyikkappettittund. randaamathe reethi, silk proteinukalude raasa parishkkaranam prayogatthe aashrayich karuthuttatho sensitiivu linkerukal upayogichu vaividhyamaarnna jaiva, orgaanomettaalik ligaandukalude niravadhi pakarppukal samayabandhithamayi gadippikkunnathinu kaaranamakum. 4-repkt protein saitt nirddishtamaayi parishkkarikkunnath budhimuttaanu ennathaanu eee reethiyude velluvili. nirddishta saitt targettinginu avashishtangal bakkiyulla silk protein axus cheyyaavunnathum raasaparamaayi bio oorthoganal aayirikkunnathumaayi parishkkarikkendathundu. cytosine avashishtangal saadhaaranayaayi oru maikkal kootticherkkaliloode itharathilulla samyojanathinu upayogikkunnu, pakshe avaa kaimatta prathikaranangalkk vidheyamaakunnu, ithu oru jaiva anthareekshathil deerghakaalathekku asthiramaakkunnu. eee rund reethikalum kaalaharanappettavayaanenkilum sellular addition, antimicrobial shakti, athumaayi bandhippichirikkunna thanmathrayudeyo marunninteyo tharam ennivayude pradhana mekhalakalil mekhalakalil tyoon cheyyaan kazhiyumenna vastutha saadhookarikkunnathinu upayogapradamaanu.
pinneedu assid functional grouppukal edisi/enhs coupling upayogichu oru dragline silk proteente enn-terminalilekku samyojippikkappettu, ithu mechappetta sell aditionulla glycopolymer-kanjugettadu philimukalum niyanthrikkaavunna micro-aarkkidekcharukalulla dna-silk chimerakalum nalkunnu. eee padanatthile gaveshakar 3 ell-aahaa avashishtangal 4 repktilekku samyojippichathinekkur anweshichu, ithu formula _ 1 nalkunnu. ell-aahaa yude asside side cheyinukal phosphine reactorukalumaayulla staadingar ligation vazhi valare vyathyasthamaaya functional thanmaathrakalumaayi valare nirddishtavum kaaryakshamavumaya saitt-nirddishta samyojanam anuvadikkunnu, koodaathe chembu (i)-catalised asside-alkine cyclododition (kwak) allengil click prathikaranangalil asside-alkine cyclododition (spack) prothsaahippikkunna strain.
mungananayulla click prathikaranangal.
kwak, spack enniva click rasathanthrathil palappozhum parasparam maattaavunna saadhaarana click prathikaranangalaan. intra sellular kyu (aii) cytotoxic aanennu ellaavarkkum ariyaam, athaayath inn-vivo aaplikkeshanukalilekku nayikkunna gaveshanathinulla spack click prathikaranangal pole kwak saadhaaranamalla. eee gaveshanathinte uddeshyam inn-vivo aaplikkeshanukal undaayirunnittum, chila kaaranangalal eee padanatthinulla gaveshakar kwak upayogikkaan theerumaanichu. onnamathaayi, 2 glutamic assid avashishtangal maathram ullathum histidin avashishtangal illaathathum (kyu (aii)-maayi uyarnna aduppamulla rund avashishtangal) chembu protein soothravaakyathaal bandhappedaanulla saadhyatha kuravaanu. eee avashishtangal synthesis samayat 4Repct proteinumaayi samyojippicha layikkunna fusion pankaliyaaya theoredoxinil undu. ennirunnaalum, thrombinumaayulla svayam-assembly prathikaranatthinu kaaranamakunna thrombinumaayulla svayam-assembly prathikaranatthinu kaaranamaakunnathinaayi theoredoxin neekkam cheiyunnathinaal ithu prasnangal undakkunnilla. kyoo (aii) niracha theoredoxin neekkam cheiyunnathu pattunool ghadanayil ninnu phalatthil ellah chembum neekkam cheiyunnu. gaveshakar, edda adangiya oru bafariloodeyum (chembu ayonukale sthirappeduthunna) tapta upayogichum naarukal kazhukukayum athinte falamaayi kyu (aii) kooduthal neekkam cheyyappedukayum chembu ayonukalude bharam 0.01 sathamaanathil thazheyaayi avasheshikkukayum cheythu. randaamathaayi, 4Repct polulla uyarnna cytosine ulladakkamulla proteinukal ulla click prathikaranangalil kwak spaakkine marikadakkunnu. 4Repct polulla proteinukalude saannidhyathil spack prakriya palappozhum oof-taargett saittukalil 'klikkukal' srishtikkukayum ligand proteente thettaaya bhaagathekku samyojippikkukayum proteine adisthaanaparamaayi upayogashoonyamaakkukayum cheyyum. fiberinoppam pravarthanakshamamaaya saittukalude ennam paramavadhi vardhippikkunnathinu, kwakinu munganana nalkunnu.
munnira phalangal.
eee patanam rund vyathyastha fluoroforukalumaayum antibiotic levofloxasinumaayum formula _ 2-nte kwak madhyastha samyojanam prakadamaakki, mechappetta gunangalulla bio meteeriyalukalaayi kovalanti pravarthanakshamamaaya recombinent spider silk proteinukalude kazhivu pradarshippikkunnu. alkine fluoroforukalumaayi formula _ 2 vijayakaramaayi samyojippikkaan gaveshakarkk kazhinju, ithu silk fiberinte achuthandumaayi samyojippikkumbol oru asside grouppiloode protein pravarthanakshamamaakkaan kazhiyumennu theliyikkunnu. fiber aaksisil theevramaaya ekeekritha fluorescence mathramalla, fiber 1:1 anupaathathil rund vyathyastha fluoroforukal kondu alankarikkumbol theevramaaya ekeekritha samyojitha fluorescence avarude phalangal kaanichu.
functional asside groupine vaidyashaasthraparamaayi prasakthamaaya oru thanmatra kondu alankarikkaan kazhiyumennu theliyikkaan, epoxide carboxylate grouppukal thammilulla oru esttar boond upayogichu glycidile prapaarjil eedhar (oru assid-label linker), boundu levofloxacin (oru gram positteev targetting antibiotic) enniva upayogichu fiber alankarikkaan gaveshakar shramichu. avar iii-ykkethire pravarthanakshamamaaya pattunool naarukal upayogichu oru inhibition soonn asey nadatthi. oro ghadaka nilayilum elby media adangiyirikkunna koolii enn. sii. tii. sii 12242 bacteria. avarude phalangal kaanikkunnath levofloxacin alankaricha naarukalude vijayakaramaya pravarthanakshamathayaanu, ithu 120 manikkoor chuttalavil 3.5 centimeter chuttalavil oru antibiotic sthiratha nilanirthukayum mattu ghadaka thalangalude (elby media maathram, pravarthanarahithamaaya silk, levofloxacin doped silk) pii ≤ 0.01 upayogichu sell saandrata ~50% nilanirthukayum cheythu. fiberil ninnu levofloxacin paramavadhi 5 divasathe susthiramaaya release nedi.
dermal aaplikkeshanukal.
charitraparamaaya.
ariyappedunna aadyakaala dermal paachukalil onnaanu spider silk. murivu bandhippikkunnathin praadhamikamaayi upayogikkunna, capture sarppila silkkil kaanapedunna glycoprotein pashaykkum naarukalude thanne protein gadanaykkum neriya aanti baakteeriyal gunangalundu. praadeshika aantiseptikkaayi pravartthikkunna putt sepsisinteyum vittumaaraatha rogangaludeyum nirakk kurachu. silkkinte viscoelastic gunangalum uyarnna tensile shakthiyum kaadinyavum sasthrakriya tapinu samanamaaya reethiyil murivu unakkaan sahayichu.
nirddeshichu.
valia uparithala pradeshathe murivu paricharanatthinte nilavile reethikalekkaal mikavu pulartthiyenkilum-gass rapping, thaine vinagiri chikilsakal, systemic antibioticukal-janapriya dermal paachu upayogangal, chilanthi silk klinikkal parisheelanathilekku vazhi kandethiyitla. charitraparamaayi ithinu pradhana kaaranam krishiyudeyum pattunool vilaveduppudeyum budhimuttaanu. eluppathil aavarthikkaan kazhiyunna niravadhi saahacharyangalil pattunool karakkunna pattunoolppuzhukkalil ninnu vyathyasthamayi, chilanthikal iraye pidikkunnathu polulla prathyeka aavasyangalkkaayi pattunool karakkunnu, laborattari saahacharyangalil aavarthikkaan prayaasamaan. koodaathe, chilanthikal saadhaaranayaayi narabhojikalayathinaal mathiyaya ennam prajananam budhimuttaayi maarunnu. nirbandhitha silk upayogikkunnathu anuyojyamallaatha silkkukal nalkunnu. dermal aaplikkeshanukalkkaayi ettavum janapriyamaayi nirddeshikkappetta upayoga cases ivayaanu
pattunoolppuzhuvinte putt.
gaveshanam.
pattunoolppuzhuvinu antharleenamaaya antibiotic swabhaavasavisheshathakalum bio-anukarana mechanical gunangalum illennum chila aalukalil marakamaaya shwaasakosha allergic kaaranamakumennum gaveshanangal kaanikkunnu.
2020 leeii oru padanatthil, oru staanding laayaniyude draavaka-vaayu interfacil svayam kootticherkkappedunna chilanthi silk proteinukal veendum uthppaadippikkunnathayi kandethi, ithu protein pravesikkaavunnathum suuppar shakthavum ultra flexible membranukalum roopappeduthunnu. nirbandhithamallaatha svayam-assembly koshavalarchaye pinthunaykkunna oru nanofibrillar membron srishtikkunnu. moonnu divasathinullil manushya charmmakoshangalude oru samyojitha paali roopappedukayum oru rogikk nerittu vitharanam cheyyaan anuyojyamaavukayum cheyyum.
dermal aaplikkeshanukal.
vaaskulecharumaayi sanbarkkam pulartthumbol pattunoolppuzhuvinte putt manushyarkk maarakamayekkaavunnathinaal, pattunoolppuzhuvinte pattunoolkk amgeekritha dermal paachu allengil dermal paachu polulla prayogamilla.

