
aadhunika jibraltarile rashtreeya vikasanam

medittareniyan kadalinte praveshana kavaadatthil iberian upadveepinte thekke attathu sthithi cheiyunna oru britiish videsha pradesamaanu jibraltar. britiish bharanathinte aadyakaalangalil, oru vyaapaarakendramenna nilayil athinte pankinu parimithamaaya shradha nalkikkond gibraltar praadhamikamaayi oru sainika autposttaayi paripalikkappettu. thudakkathil jibraltarile deerghakaala kudiyettam anishchithathvathilaayirunnum speyininte shakti kuranjathode ithu britiish royal neviyude oru pradhana thaavalamaayi sthaapithamaayi. pathonpathaam noottaandiludaneelam sainika, vyapara posttukalude malsaraadhishtitha rolukal thammil samgharsham undaayirunnu, ithu sivilian janathayum annathe govarnor thammilulla samgharshangalilekku nayichu. chila govarnarmaar gavanmentile sivilian punk vikasippikkaan prothsaahippichappol mattullavar ithu oru shalyamaayi kanakkakki. thalphalamaayi, mattu muun britiish kolanikale apekshichu, irupathaam noottaandil gibraltarile sivilian gavanment pradhaanamaayum uyarnnuvannu, kaaranam sivilian janasamkhyayude aavasyangal palappozhum govarnarmaar sainyathinte aavasyangalkku keezhilaanennu kanakkaakkiyirunnu. randaam lokamahaayudhathinushesham, jibralteriyakkaar avarude swantham vyakthithvam kooduthalaayi urappichu. spainumaayulla paarayude bandhavum paramadhikaara tharkkavum innum jibraalttarinte raashtreeyathe badhikkunnu.
pashchaathalam.
1704ll anglo-dutch jibralter pidichadakkiyathinethudnar yadhaartha spanish janasamkhyayil bhooribhaagavum gibralter upekshichu, muun spanish bharanakoodatthinte vasthukkal avarodoppam kondupoyi. thalphalamaayi, nilavile bharanaghadanayum jibraltarile niyamangalum engleesh pothu niyamatheyum paarlamentinte niyamangaleyum prathifalippikkunnu.
18, 19 noottaandukalil, spanish janasamkhyayude avashishtangal vardhippichathu britishukaar sainika kaaval senaykkoppam oru vyapara kendram nilanirtthiyathinaal sthirathaamasamaakkiya janasamkhyayaanu. nivaasikalude ennam vardhichukondirikkumbal, avarude raashtreeyavum niyamaparavumaaya nilavaaram vyakthigatha govarnarmaareyum oru sivilian samoohathinte vikasanathodulla avarude prathibaddhathayeyum aashrayichirikkunnuvennu avar kandethi.
thudakkathil, jibraalttarinte deerghakaala settilment pariganichirunnilla, pathinettaam noottaandil niravadhi avasarangalil britishukaar jibraltarine spanish bharanathilekku thirike nalkunnathinekkurichu chinthichu. koodaathe, jibralter thirichupidikkaanulla niravadhi spanish sramangal, prathyekichu jibraalttarinte valia uparodha samayat (1779-1783) deerghakaala othutheerppu orikkalum anivaaryamallenn ardhamaakkunnu. pathinettaam noottaandil gibraltar praadhamikamaayi oru kotta randaamathe kolaniyumaayirunnu ennathil samshayamilla. pathonpathaam noottaandil, speyininte shakti kuranjathode, nepolian yudhangal oru kottayenna nilayilum rajakeeya naavika thaavalamenna nilayilum jibraalttarinte praadhaanyam shakthippeduthi. 1830ll ithu audyogikamaayi oru kireeda kolaniyaayi prakhyapikkappettu.
aadyakaala sambhavavikasangal.
1720ll aadyathe sivil judiciary adhikaarappeduthukayum 1739ll jibraltarinu prathyeka criminal, sivil adhikaraparidhi srishtikkukayum cheythu. ennirunnaalum, sivilian kodathikal illaayirunnu, govarnorude adhikaarathin keezhil sainyam adhikaraparidhi prayogichu. 1753ll samadhaanathinte jadjimaare aadyamaayi niyamikkukayum 1793ll rajakeeya naavikasena pidicheduttha shatru kappalukalude pothu lelathinaayi oru vais admiraltti kodathi sthaapikkukayum cheythu.
1814ll aarambhicha sarr jorjju doninte govarnor padaviyil aadyathe rashtreeya munnettangal nadannu. 1817ll oru ekschenjum vaanijya library sthaapikkappettu, exchange kammitti thudakkathil kotta aasthaanamaayulla vyaapaarikalude thalpparyangal vardhippikkunnathil shradha kendreekarichu. yadhaartha adikaarangalonnumillengale sarkkaaril praadeshika shabdam nalkunna oru samghadanayaayi exchange kammitti parinamichu.
1830-ll jibraltarine oru kireeda kolaniyaayi prakhyaapicha sesham, kireedam oru swatantra judiciary supreme kodathi oof justice sthaapichu. ithu britiish colonial samvidaanathe prathiphalippichu, avide vyakthigatha kolanikalkku avarudethaaya, vyathyasthamaaya sarkkarukal, dhanakaryam, neethinyaaya samvidaanangal ennivayundaayirunnu. ennirunnaalum, jibraltar gavanmentinte utharavaaditham yuddha offeesil ninnu puthuthayi srishticha colonial offeesilekku kadannupoyengilum, sarkkaaril praadeshika punk nalkunnathil chaarttarin kuravundaayi. metropolittan poleesinte maathruka pinthudarnnu gibraltar police sena sthaapikkappettu; angane cheytha aadyathe britiish videsha pradeshamaanith.
gavanmentil praadeshika janathaykku vyakthamaaya pankillengilum govarnor sarr jorj doonn sivilian bharanathinte vikasanathe prothsaahippichu. vyaapaarikalum bhoovudamakalum exchange kammitti sthaapichathinethudarnna, doonn oru praadeshika shabdam nalkaan kammittiye nokki. sivilian janathayude aavasyangal sainika kaaval senaykk keezhilaanennu vaadichukondu addehathinte pingamiyaaya sarr roobert gardiner thaalpparyamillaathayaalnaane thelinju. 1852ll thante bharanathekkurichu anweshanam venamennu aavasyappetta exchange kammittiyil ninnulla oru pothu harji sarr roobert adichamarthiyenkilum 1855ll addehathinte bharanathil aswasthatha vardhichathine thudarnnu addehathe landanilekku thirichayachu.
kramasamadhaananilayil sivilian bharanakoodatthinte punk shradha kendreekarichirunnu. oru kottayenna nilayil jibraalttarinte punk rashtreeya vikasanathe mandagathiyilaakkukayum valiyathothil parimithappedutthukayum cheythu. thaddesheeyamaayi janicha vyakthikalude praadhaanyam eduthukaanikkunna 1889 leeii oru oordinans thaamasathinulla avakaashathe nirvachichu. 1910-ll, puthiya govarnor sarr archibald vettakkaaran gibraltarine praadhamikamaayi oru kottayaayi bharikkan shramichu, sivilian janataye oru shalyamaayi kanakkakki. sivilian janathayile aswasthathayethudarnnu, sarr archibald addehathinte kaalavadhi avasaanikkunnathin munbu thirichuvilichu.
1921ll gibraltarile oru sitti kaunsililekkulla aadya thiranjeduppu nadannirunnu.
jibraltaarile aadhunika gavanmentinte vikasanam.
1939ll randaam lokamahaayudham pottippurappettathode jibraltarile svayambharanathinte thudakkam neratthe avasaanichu. jibraalttarinte thanthraparamaaya bhoomishaasthraparamaaya sthaanavum achuthandu sakthikal bombing akramanangal nadathumenna bheeshaniyum bhooribhaagam sivilian janathayeyum ozhippikkunnathilekku nayichu. palareyum aadyam morocoyilekkum pinneedu yunaittad kingdatthilekkum maattippaarppichu, mattullavar porchugees dveepaaya madeerayilekko britiish kolaniyaaya jamaikkayilekko kondupoyi. ozhippikkal parasparavirudhamaaya vikaarangalilekku nayichu; oru vashath blitsinte anubhavam britiish bandhangale shakthippeduthi, athesamayam yunaittad kingdatthil abhimukeekarikkunna munvidhikalum vamsheeyathayum gibraltarian swathuathinte bodhathe shakthippeduthi. spanish nishpakshatha jibralter orikkalum gurutharamaaya sainika bheeshaniyude vishayamallenn urappaakkiyengilum samgharshathinu sesham jibraltarine spainilekku thirike nalkunnathinaayi phaasist svechaadhipathiyaaya general francoyumaayi oru karar undakkiyathaayi ozhippikkappettavarkkil samshayathinu kaaranamaayi.
pouraavakaashangalude purogathikkaayulla associationte adithara.
eee sahacharyam 1942 desemberil jibraltaril association phoor dhii advaansment oof sivil raitts (aacr) sthaapikkunnathilekku nayichu. albert risoyude neethrthwathil jibraltariyakkaarude avakaashangale prathinidheekarikkaanum samrakshikkanum uddeshichullathaayirunnu ithu. colonial virudha prathyayashaasthrathil ninnu prachodanam ulkkonda pouraavakaasha adhishtitha samghadanayaayi aakkarine maattunnathil joshuva hassan pradhana pankuvahichu. yudhasamayathu akkaalathe govarnor generalaya mesan-mcfarlainil ninnu ackerinu pinthuna labhichu, addeham ekschenchinte kammittiyum vaanijya library niravettunna praathinidhya punk niravettaan aakkarine prothsaahippichu. 1945ll colonial oafees athe ennam thiranjedukkappettavarum naamanirddesham cheyyappettavarumaaya amgangalulla oru sitti kaunsil vaagdaanam cheythirunnu. akrar jibraalttarinte mattu prathinidhi samghadanakalum eee vaagdaanam nirasikkukayum thiranjedukkappetta amgangalil bhooripaksham aavasyappedukayum cheythu. eprilil britiish adhikaarikal oduvil vazhithetti, aadyamaayi naamanirddesham cheyyappettavarekkaal thiranjedukkappetta amgangalude ennam kooduthalulla oru kaunsil sthaapikkappettu. 1945 joolaiyil nadanna sitti kaunsil thiranjeduppil malsaricha ezhu seettukalilum acra vijayichu, joshuva hassan nagara kaunsilinte yudhaananthara chairmaanaayi thiranjedukkappettu.
jibraltar bharanaghadanaa utharavu, 1950.
1950ll jibraltar bharanaghadanaa utharavum jibraltar thiranjeduppu niyamangalum oru niyamanirmmaana kaunsil roopeekarichathode niyamanirmmaana adhikaarathinte govarnorude kuthaka avasaanippichu. thudarnnulla bhedagathikal niyamasabhayil thiranjedukkappetta amgangalil bhooripaksham anuvadichu.
jibraltar bharanaghadanaa utharavu, 1964.
1964-nte thudakkathil jibraltaril oru bharanaghadanaa sammelanam nadannu, athu thiranjedukkappetta amgangalude ennam ezhil ninnu pathinonnu seettukalaayi uyarthanum niyamanirmmaana samithiyile naamanirddesham cheyyappetta amgangale nirthalaakkaanum shupaarsha cheythu. 1964leeii thiranjeduppinulla samayathinullil eee shupaarshakal amgeekarikkukayum nadappaakkukayum cheythu.
ikyaraashtrasabhayile kolanivalkkarana ajanda.
1960kalil aikyaraashtrasabhayude kolanivalkkaranathinulla sammarddam ardhamaakkunnathu jibraltar prashnam ikyaraashtrasabhayil uyarthappettu ennaanu. kolanivalkkaranathekkurilku prathyeka samithiyil jibralter unnayichathode sthithigathikal pariharikkan spain vijayakaramaayi lobby cheythu. jibraltarine yuu. ennil prathinidheekaricha joshuva hassan peettar isola jibralter adichamarthappetta oru samoohamaanennu nishedhikkukayum jibraltariyakkaar yunaittad kingdavumaayi oru bandham nilanirthaan aagrahikkunnuvennu oonnipparayukayum cheythu.
britiish saamraajyathinte bhagamaayirunna ashrita pradeshangalude kolanivalkkaranathinaayi britiish sarkkar dvimukha sameepanam vikasippichu. athu aagrahikkunna eathu pradeshathinum swaathanthryam nalkuka enna lakshyathode svayambharanathinte vikasanathe athu prothsaahippichu. yunaittad kingdavumaayulla bandham thudaraan aagrahikkunna pradeshangalkk athu anuvadikkunna krameekaranangal nirvachikkaan janaadhipathyaparamaayi thiranjedukkappetta prathinidhikalumayi pravartthikkum. britiish gavanmentinte abhipraayathil, 1713 leeii utrekt udambadiyile vyavasthakalaal jibraltarumaayi bandhapetta nilapad sankeernamaayirunnu, brittan athu upekshikkukayaanenkil britishukaar eee pradesham spanish kireedatthinu nalkanamennu aavasyappedukayum athu swaathanthryathinulla oopshanukal parimithappedutthukayum cheythu. jibraltar sarkkar eee abhipraayathodu yojikkunnillenkilum ithuvare yunaittad kingdavumaayulla bandham nilanirthaan theerumaanichu.
paramadhikaara hitaparisodhana, 1967.
ikyaraashtrasabhayile speyinil ninnulla thudarchayaaya sammarddathinum 1966ll speyinil ninnulla paramadhikaara kaimattathekkurichulla nirddeshathinum marupadiyaayi 1967ll paramaadhikaarathekkurichu oru hitaparisodhana nadannu. hitaparisodhana thaazhepparayunna thiranjeduppukal avatharippichu
speyinin athinte nirddeshangal vishadeekarikkaan avasaram nalkiyengilum athu visammathichu. ennirunnaalum, ithu spanish maadyamangalil vyaapakamaayi report cheyyappettu (jibraltaaril labhyamaan), athinaal nirddeshangal ellaavarkkum ariyappettirunnu. kolanivalkkaranathekkurilku prathyeka samitiye hitaparisodhanaykku munbu ariyikkukayum athu nireekshikkaan shanikkukayum cheythu. kshanam nirasikkappedukayum pakaram yuu. enn. potusabha pasakkukayum cheythu, athu yunaittad kingdom spainumaayi (annu general francoyude svechaadhipathyathin keezhil) charchakalil earppedanamennu abhyarthikkukayum oru hitaparisodhana nadathiyathinu yunaittad kingdatthe vimarsikkukayum cheythu. prameyam 2353 (xxii) ezhupathimoonnu rajyangal (pradhaanamaayum laattin american, arab, aafrikkan, kizhakkan europian rajyangal) pinthunachu, pathonpathu rajyangal (yunaittad kingdow komanvelthu oof nationsile raajyangalum) nirasichu, athesamayam irupathiyezhu rajyangal vittuninnu (padinjaaran europe america).
britiish paramaadhikaaratthin keezhil thudaraan 12,138 (99.64%) num 44 (0.36%) num idayil vottu cheytha 95.67% jibraaltteriyanmaarude polling shakthamaayirunna hitaparisodhanayude phalangal. ellah varshavum septambar 10 nuu aaghoshikkunna jibraltar deseeya dinathilaanu hitaparisodhana anusmarikkunnath.
jibraltar bharanaghadana, 1969.
1967leeii paramadhikaara hitaparisodhanaykkulla prathikaranamaayi britiish sarkkar oru puthiya bharanaghadana upayogichu jibraltarile janadhipathyam vardhippikkaan neengi. jibraltarile chilar kooduthal adutha samyojanathinaayi munnott pooyi, jibraltarine yunaittad kingdavumaayi aupachaarikamaayi samyojippikkaan sammarddam chelutthi. ennirunnaalum, "jibraltarinode kooduthal anukoolamaaya spanish manobhaavam valarthiyedukkaanulla saadhyatha kuraykkunna puthumakal" ozhivakkaan sramichukondu britiish sarkkar aaa oopshan nirasichu. samboornna samyojanam jibraltar sarkkaarinte punk kuraykkaan kaaranamakumennathinaal jibraltaarilum ethirppundaayirunnu.
1969 leeii bharanaghadanayude nirnaayaka savisheshatha jibralteriyakkaarkku bharanaghadana prakhyaapikkunna kaunsilile utharavinte aamukhamaayirunnu, athinte anthima roopathil aarambhichu
utrekt udambadi oppuvachathinusesham jibraalttarinte paramaadhikaarathekkurichu nadatthiya ettavum pradhanappetta prasthavana" aanu eee aamukhamennu choondikkaanikkappettittu. 1969leeii bharanaghadana jibraltar sarkkaarinte sthaapaka rekhayaayi thudarunnu, 2006ll jibraltar bharanaghadanaa utharavu 2006 prakaram ithu parishkarichu.
lisbon karar, 1980.
1969leeii bharanaghadana britiish sarkkar jibralteriyanmaarkku mail oru pariharam adichelppikkillenna vyakthamaakkukayum avarude swantham rashtreeya bhaviyil svayam nirnnayathinulla avakasham amgeekarikkukayum cheythu. jibralter speyininte praadeshika avibhaajya gadakamaanennu franco urachuparayunnathu thudarukayum 1969ll "nayathanthraparamaaya reethiyil" jibralter-spain athirthi adachupoottaan utharavidukayum cheythu. adutha 16 varshathekku jibralter praadhamikamaayi puramlokathilekkulla aupachaarika praveshanathinaayi yunaittad kingdavumaayulla oru eyar-linkine aashrayichirunnu. aduthulla spanish bandhukkale sandarshikkunna jibralteriyakkaarkku aadyam morocoyile tanjiyarilekkum pinneedu speyinile aljesirasilekkum oru ferry edukkendivannu.
francoyude maranathethudarnnu maargarat thaacharinte sarkkar oru puthiya rashtreeya prakriya aarambikkunnathuvare oru nayatantra stambhanam nilaninnu, athu lisbone karaaril kalaashichu. spanish videshakaarya mantri marcelino orejayum britiish videshakaarya sekrattari loard carrington 1980 epril 10 nuu lisbanil oppuvacha samyuktha prasthaavanayaayirunnu ithu. aamukhathil ingane prasthaavichu
1984leeii brassels karar.
1984 novemberil brassels karar avasaanikkukayum 1985 februvariyil nadappaakkukayum cheythu. europian saambathika samoohathil cheraanulla speyininte apeksha pradhana gadakamaanennu thelinju, kaaranam yunaittad kingdom speyininte amgathvathe athirthi thurakkunnathumaayi bandhippikkukayum apeksha veetto cheiyumennu bheeshanippeduthukayum cheythu. anglo-spanish bandhangal sankeernamaakkukayum athirthi poornnamaayum thurakkunnathu vaikippikkukayum cheytha, vyaapakamaayi vyathyasthamaaya vyaakhyaanathin vidheyamaayirunna, munbathe lisbone karar karar karar vyakthamaakkukayum veendum sajeevamaakkukayum cheythu. karar prakaram, brittan spain jibraltarinekkurichu charchakal nadathukayum britishukaar paramaadhikaarathekkurichu charchakalkku thayyarakukayum cheyyum. videshakaarya, komanvelthu sekrattari aarr. tii. aanu karaaril oppuvachathu. hohn. sarr jiophree hovum spanish videshakaarya mantriyaaya shree. doonn fernando morren lopus.
jibraltar sarkkaarine pankedukkaan kshanichenkilum athu yunaittad kingdom prathinidhi samghathinte bhaagamaayi maathramaayirunnuvenna nilayil karaarine jibraltaaril shabdaparamaayi vimarshichu. jibraalttarinte veekshanakonil ninnulla mattoru pradhana kuravu jibralter spain thammilulla vyathyaasangalekkurichu charchaykku ithu anuvadichilla ennathaanu. jibraltar prathinidhi samgham inipparayunnavayude bhagamaakumennu pratheekshichirunnathinaal eee karaarine gibraltarian raashtreeyakkaarum vimarshichu
1988leeii pradhana thiranjeduppil, jibraltar soshyalist laber party (jii. ezz. ell. pii) svayam nirnnayathinu ahvaanam cheyyukayum spain yunaittad kingdow thammilulla jibraalttaarinte paramaadhikaaratheyum bhaviyeyum kurichulla charchakalkku ethirppu prakadippikkukayum spainilekku paramadhikaaram kaimaarunnathine ethirkkukayum cheythu. brassels prakhyaapanathekkurichu charchakal pinvalikkanamennum vimaanathaavala karaarine ethirkkanamennum avar aavasyappettu. janakeeya vottinte <aii. dii. 1> upayogichu jii. ezz. ell. pii 8 seettukal nedi.
brassels karaarile pradhana karyangal ivayaayirunnu
yunaittad kingdavumaayulla bandham vikasippikkunnu.
medittareniyanile oru britiish sainika thaavalamenna nilayil jibraalttarinte aavasyakathaye chuttippattiyaan yunaittad kingdow jibralter thammilulla bandham ellaayppozhum. 1980kalil yunaittad kingdom videshathu sainika prathibaddhathakal kuraykkunnathu thudarukayum jibraltarile sainika thaavalam valippam kuraykkaan thudangukayum cheythu. munbu jibraalttarinte sambadvyavasthayude 60 sathamaanavum sainika thaavalathe aasrayichirunnuvenkilum 2004 aayappozhekkum ithu 10 sathamaanathil thazheyaayi kuranju. sambadvyavastha saambathika sevanangalilekkum tourisathilekkum vaividhyavalkkarikkappedum yunaittad kingdatthe aashrayikkunnath kurayukayum cheythathode jibralter sarkkaarin bhaaviyekkurichulla charchakalil oru punk aavasyappedaan kooduthal kazhiyumennu thonni.
1985-ll athirthi niyanthranangal poornnamaayum neekkiyathu praadhaanyamarhikkukayum spain oru phaasist raashtrathil ninnu oru janaadhipathyathilekku svayam parivartthanam cheyyukayum cheythappol, franco gibraltarine ottappeduthiyathinekkuthi paarambaryam oru nizhal thudarnnu. gibraltarian raashtreeyakkaarum pothujanangalum spanish uddeshyangale avishwasikkunnathu thudarnnu, prathyekichum jibraltar sarkkaarine yogyathayulla oru adhikaariyaayi amgeekarikkaan spain visammathikkukayum ettumuttal nayangal pinthudarukayum cheythu. joou bosano, peettar karuvana thudangiya raashtreeyakkaar speyinin rashtreeya elavukal nalkaruthennu aavashyappedunnathu thudarnnu.
21-aamm noottaandile sambhavavikasangal.
britiish gavanment athinte videshapradeshangalilekku bharanam kooduthalaayi kaimarunna nayam thudarnnu.
1999leeii vaitt paper.
britiish videsha pradeshangalo bottukalo bharanaghadanaaparamaayi yunaittad kingdatthinte bhagamalla, marichu avarkk kaunsilil utharavukalil prathyeka bharanaghadanakalundu.
 bharanaghadanakal thiranjedukkappetta sarkkaarukaliloode svayambharanathe prothsaahippikkumbol yunaittad kingdom chila karuthal adikaarangal nilanirthiyittundu. munkaala bharanaghadanakal pradhaanamaayum britiish gavanmentaanu nayichathu, 1999 ll yunaittad kingdavumaayum athinte videsha pradesangalumaayulla bandham aadhunikavalkkarikkunnath thudaraan sarkkar oru dhavalapatram puratthirakki. velutha peppar
dhavalapathrathinte bhaagamaayi, britiish sarkkar britiish ashrita pradeshangale (maarikkondirikkunna bandhathe adayaalappeduthunnathinayi 2002 ll britiish videsha pradeshangal ennu punarnaamakaranam cheyyappettu) bharanaghadanaa parishkaranatthinulla nirddeshangal nalkaan kshanichu.
jibralter paramadhikaara hitaparisodhana, 2002.
bharanaghadanaa parishkkaranam nirddeshikkumbol, britiish sarkkar 1984 leeii brassels karar sthaapicha chattakkoodinu keezhil avarude spanish athiraalikalumaayi rahasya charchakal nadatthi. gibraltermaar sammathichuvenkil jibraalttarinte paramadhikaaram pankidaan iru raajyangalum sammathichuvennu annathe videshakaarya, komanvelthu kaarya sekrattari jacq stroo paarlamentinte houseukalil prakhyaapichathode 2002 ll iva avasaanichu. nirddeshangalkku paarayil prathikoola sweekaranam labikkukayum randaamathe paramadhikaara hitaparisodhanayil avaa shakthamayi nirasikkappedukayum cheythu. referendum jibralteriyanmaarodu inipparayunna chodyam chodichu
hitaparisodhanayekkurichulla vimarsanangalkk saadyathayullathenthum vyathichalippikkan, jibralter sarkkar empy jerald kofmaante neethrthwathilulla vishishta nireekshakarude oru paanaline kshanichu. avarude prasidheekaricha report sthireekarichu
ennirunnaalum, speyinil hitaparisodhanaye samagramaayi apalapichu. spainumaayi pankitta paramaadhikaaratthinte saadhyathayekkurich swantham hitaparisodhana nadathaanulla jibralter sarkkaarinte theerumaanathe jacq stroo "vichithram" ennu visheshippichu. 87.9% enna polling ullappol, jibralteriyakkaar pankitta paramadhikaaram nirasikkaan 187 (1.03%) nethire 17,900 (98.48%) vottukalkku vottu cheythu, eee vishayathil kooduthal charchakal nadannittilla. 2008ll yunaittad kingdom videshakaarya samithiyude paarlamentil nalkia thelivukalil europe sahamantri jiim marfi empy paranju
jibraltar bharanaghadanaa utharavu, 2006.
1999leeii dhavalapathrathil ninnu uruthirinja bharanaghadanaa parishkaranatthinulla nirddeshangal parishodhikkunnathinaayi, thaalpparyamulla kakshikalumayi koodiyaalochikkaan jibraltar house oof asambliyude oru cross-party kammitti roopeekarikkukayum 2002 januvariyil oru report thayyarakkukayum athu pinneedu yunaittad kingdavumaayi charcha cheyyukayum charcha cheyyukayum cheythu. parishkaranatthinulla nirddeshangal 2006 maarchil videsha, komanvelthu oafees amgeekarikkukayum octoberil jibraltar house oof asambliyil ekakandamaayi amgeekarikkukayum cheythu.
gibraltarine prathinidheekarikkunna oru prathinidhi samgham, athinte sarkkarum prathipakshavum ulppedunna, britiish sarkkaarumaayi nirddishta bharanaghadana charcha cheythirunnu.
puthiya bharanaghadana konduvanna mattangalil iva ulppedunnu
nirddishta puthiya bharanaghadanaa utharavinekkurichu 2006 november 30 nuu oru hitaparisodhana nadannu. nirddeshikkappettathum amgeekarichathumaaya prameyam ithaayirunnu
"ningalude svayam nirnnayathinulla avakasham viniyogichu, jibraltarinaayi nirddishta puthiya bharanaghadana ningal amgeekarikkukayum amgeekarikkukayum cheiyunnundo? athe illa "
vottu rekhappeduthiyathu <aii. dii. 2> aayirunnu, ithu pankitta paramadhikaara nirddeshangalekkurichulla muun hitaparisodhanayil nediya <aii. dii. 3> nekkaal valare kuravaanu, ennaal 2004 leeii europian paarlament thiranjeduppile <aii. dii. 1>-maayi thaarathamyappeduthaavunnatha. 60.24 sathamaanam vottu utharavine anukoolikkukayum <aii. dii. 1>% vottu ethirkkukayum cheythu. nirddishta bharanaghadanaykku ellah rashtreeya partykaludeyum pinthuna undaayirunnengilum oru supradhana 'illa' prasthaanam uyarnnuvannu. kaaranagal vyathyasthamaayirunnenkum ethirppukalkku rund vashangalundaayirunnu; aadyam britiish paramadhikaaram nilanirthaanulla prathibaddhatha vendathra surakshithamallenn kaanapettu, randaamathaayi puthiya bharanaghadana svayam nirnnayathinulla avakasham viniyogikkaan anuvadikkunnathil vendathra purogathi kaivarichittillennu kanakkakki. svayambharanathinte paramavadhi thalathe pinthunaykkunna vidhathil aamukham avatharippikkunnathile paraajayatthe prathipaksha nethaavu joou bosano vimarshichu.
thalphalamaayi, 2006 desember 14 nuu kaunsilil oru utharavu praabalyatthil vanna gibraltar bharanaghadanaa utharavu 2006 amgeekarikkukayum 2007 januvari 2 nuu praabalyatthil varikayum cheythu. britiish sarkkar parayunnathanusarichu, jibraltarum yunaittad kingdow thammilulla colonialisathe adisthaanamaakkiyullathalla aadunikavum pakwathayullathumaaya bandham nalkaan ithu lakshyamittu.
cordoba karar, 2006.
2006-ll, ekadesham rund varshathe charchakalkku sesham spain, yunaittad kingdom, jibralter sarkkarukal charitraparamaaya oru trikakshi karaaril oppuvachu, ithu aadyamaayi yunaittad kingdow spain thammilulla charchayil jibraltarinu shabdam nalki. 2004ll varaanirikkunna spanish soshyalist gavanmentinte oru samrambhathil ninnaan cordoba karar (cordoba karar allengil trikakshi karar ennum ariyappedunnu) uruthirinjathu, ithu aadyamaayi jibralter pankedukkunna oru "sambhaashana phooram" nirddeshichu. spanish videshakaarya mantri migual angel moratinos, britiish europe mantri jioff huun, jibraalttarinte mukhyamanthri peettar karuvana ennivaraanu karaaril oppuvachathu. pradhana karaarukal ivayaayirunnu
moonnu kakshikalum thammilulla pathiv charchakalode karar "trikakshi phooram" sthaapichu. 2009 joolaiyil morattinokal jibraltarile charchayil pankedutthu, ithu aadyamaayaanu oru spanish mantri angane cheiyunnathu. karar vimarsanangalillaathe aayirunnilla. spanish pathramaya ell mundo ithu "speyininte charithratthile lajjakaramaaya nimisham" ennu report cheyyukayum jibraalttarinte "panorama" jibraalttarinte praadeshika jalathinte vivaadathil moraattinoyude punk kaaranam charchakale vimarsikkukayum cheythu. paramadhikaara prashnam oru vashathekku konduvannu niravadhi vishayangalil charchakal sugamamaakkunnathinaan phooram roopakalppana cheythirikkunnathu. peettar gold nadatthiya oru swatantra vilayiruthal nigamanam cheythath, "foratthil pankedukkunnavarude aathyanthika lakshyangalile adisthaana vyathyaasangalum prathyekichu jibraalttarinte padaviyodulla speyininte samvedanakshamathayum kanakkiledukkumbol, karaarukal jibralter 'prashnam' kaikaaryam cheiyunnathinulla oru maarggamaanenn theliyikkaam."paramadhikaaram sambandhicha charchakal yunaittad kingdavumaayi maathrame nadathukayulloovennum allathe trikakshi foratthinte bhagamallennum spain urappichu parayunnu.
jibraalttarinte ippozhathe sarkkar.
1969num 2006num idayil munbu jibraltar house oof assembly ennariyappettirunna jibraltar paarlamentaanu jibraltar sarkkaarinte aasthaanamaaya eee ekasabhaasamithiyil jibraltar vottarmaarudeyum speakerinteyum vottiloode thiranjedukkappedunna pathinezh amgangal ulppedunnu. thiranjedukkappedaatha eaka amgamaanu speaker, paarlamentile amgangalil bhooripaksham varunnavar addehathe niyamikkukayum prathipaksha neethaavumaayi koodiyaalochicha sesham mukhyamanthri avatharippikkukayum cheiyunnu. speakerk vottu illa, paarlament pirichuvidumbol aaa sthaanam ozhiyunnu. ettavum valia bhooripakshathode rashtreeya party nayikkukayum govarnor audyogikamaayi niyamikkukayum cheiyunna thiranjedukkappetta amgamaanu mukhyamanthri.
jibraltar orotta niyojakamandalamaayi samghadippikkappedunnu. thiranjeduppil malsarikkunna ellah sthaanaarthikalil ninnum vyakthigatha watermark avarude thiranjeduppinu 10 vottukal vare labikkum. 4 varshathe kaalavadhi poortthiyaakkaan janakeeya vottiloodeyaanu amgangale thiranjedukkunnathu.
gibraltar govarnorude punk pradhaanamaayum raashtrathalavan chaals moonnaaman raajaavinte prathinidhiyenna nilayil pratheekaathmakamaan. thudarchayaaya oro bharanaghadanayilum govarnorude punk kuranju. nilavile bharanaghadana prakaram, prathirodham, videsanayam, aabhyanthara suraksha, judiciary annivayozhikeyulla ellah kaaryangaludeyum utharavaaditham jibraltar sarkkaarinund. aupachaarikamaayi prathirodham, videsanayam, aabhyanthara suraksha enniva govarnorude utharavaadithamaanu; judicial, mattu niyamanangalum mukhyamanthriyumaayi koodiyaalochichu rajaavinu vendi govarnor nadathunnu.
jibraltarile aabhyanthara surakshayudeyum policinginteyum utharavaaditham jibralter police authoriticaanu. paarlamentil ninnu swathanthramaaya ithu oru chairman nirddishta niyamana kammeeshante upadesaprakaaram pravartthikkunna ezhu amgangalum govarnor mukhyamanthriyum oororutharaayi niyamikkunna oru amgavum ulkkollunnu. engleesh pothu niyamatheyum niyamangaleyum prathifalippikkunna jibraltarinu 1830 leeii charter oof justice muthal oru swatantra judiciary supreme kodathiyum undu. videsha bandhangalkkum prathirodhatthinum jibralter ippozhum yunaittad kingdatthe aasrayikkunnu.
aadhunika jibraalttarinte rashtreeya vikasanam palappozhum oru kotta enna nilayilulla pankum yunaittad kingdow spain thammilulla bandhavum moolam thadassappettuvenkilum 1960 muthal jibraalttarinte rashtreeya, saamskaarika rooparekhayil oru pradhana maattam undaayittund. yunaittad kingdavumaayulla bandham praadhaanyamarhikkunnum, jibralter valare vikasithavum ennaal samshayaatheethamaayi vyathyasthavumaya rashtreeya shabdamaanu kaivarichathu.

