
mudhar

vadakkan arab gothrangalude oru pradhana grooppaayirunnu mudhar ().
charithram.
islaamik kaalaghattatthinu munbulla arabi charitrangalil madhya arabiyil mudar rabiyum rekhappeduthiyittundu; kindayile rajaakkanmaar "maadinteyum (allengil mudarinteyum) rabiayudeyum rajaavu" enna padavi vahichirunnu, yemeni (thekkan arab) gothrangalumaayulla samgharshangalil avar oru punk vahichu. ennirunnaalum, vivaricha reethiyil eee gothrangal yadhaarthathil ethratholam uyarnnuvannu, allengil pinneedu, gothrangal thammilulla shathruthayiloodeyum samgharshangaliloodeyum uyarnnuvanna krithrima padavikal aanennu vyakthamalla. yemenia vadakkan gothrangalum thammilulla samgharsham polum chila aadhunika pandithanmaar pilkkala kandupiduthamaayi kanakkakkunnu, ithu islaaminu munbulla arabikalude yaadhaarthyangalekkaal umayyad kaalaghattatthile gotra shathruthaye prathifalippikkunnu. arabi srothassukal anusarichu, dhaaraalam mudaarukalum (chila aadhunika pandithanmaar baisantain srothassukalude "mousaanitte" ennu vilikkunna "mussainitte" ennu vilikkunna) uyarnna mesopotemiyayilekku kudiyeri, avide avar diyar mudar jillaykku peru nalki. kinda saamraajyathinte thakarchaykku sesham, alle-munthir moonnaamante bharanakaalathu maddhya arabiyile mudrar alle-hirayile lakhmid rajaakkanmaarude niyanthranatthilaayi.
jurhoomine purathaakkiya sesham mudrar mccayil aadhipathyam sthaapikkukayum caba sankethavumaayi bandhapetta chila mathaparamaya offeesukal nadathukayum cheythu. valia thothil kristhumathathilekku parivartthanam cheytha raabiyil ninnu vyathyasthamayi, mudrar parambaraagatha bahudevamathavumaayi bandhappettirunnu. alle-tabari parayunnathanusarichu "ellah mudarmaarum aaradhikkunna" nakhlayile alle-ussayude vigraham 630-ll khaalid ibnu alle-valid nashippichu. mohammed, islam enniva ithinakam thanne 5-ll (626/7 CE) sweekarichathaayi musaina prashamsichuvenkilum, 631-ll "niyogangalude varsham" vare mattu mudhar gothrangal islaamilekku parivartthanam cheyyaan thudangi.
parambaraagatha poorvvikan.
arab vamshaavalivaadikal parayunnathanusarichu, sawada binth akku ibnu adnan ezhuthiya nizar ibnu maadh ibnu adnaante makanaayirunnu mudar.

