
kaal amadius hartman

kaal amadius hartman (2 august 1905-5 desember 1963) oru jarmman samgeethasamvidhaayakanaayirunnu. irupathaam noottaandile ettavum mikacha jarmman symphonist ennu chilappol visheshippikkappedunna addeham ippol pradhaanamaayum avaganikkappedunnu, prathyekichu engleesh samsaarikkunna rajyangalil.
jeevitam.
friedrich richard hartmante makan mootha moonnu perr chithrakaaranmaaraaya naalu sahodaranmaaril ilayavanaayum myoonichil janicha hartman thante kariyarinte thudakkathil samgeethathinum vishwal aarttukalkkumidayil thakarnnupoyi. onnaam lokamahaayudhathinte avasaanathil jarmman saamraajyathinte thakarchayethudarnnu bavariayile parajayappetta thozhilaalli viplavathinte sambhavangal addehathinte aadyakaala rashtreeya vikasanathe valareyadhikam baadhichu (bavarian soviyatt republic kaanuka). jeevithakalam muzhuvan addeham oru aadarshavaadiyaaya soshyalistaayi thudarnnu.
1920kalil myoonichu academyil, maiks reejarinte vidyaarthiyaaya joseph hassinoppam hartman padikkukayum pinneedu sconberg skoolinte sakhyakakshiyaya conductor herman sherchanil ninnu boudhika uthejanavum prothsaahanavum nedukayum cheythu, addehavumaayi addehathinu aajeevanantha upadeshtaavum protejum bandham undaayirunnu. naasi kaalaghattatthil germmaniyil thudarumbol germmaniyile sangeetha jeevithathil ninnu addeham swamedhayaa poornnamaayum pinmaarukayum thante kruthikal avide play cheyyaan anuvadikkaathirikkukayum cheythu. misere" (1933-1934, aadyamaayi praagil avatharippikkappettath, 1935) enna aadyakaala symphonic kavithaye naasi bharanakoodam apalapichirunnuvenkilum addehathinte srishtikal thudarnnu, videshathu addehathinte prashasthi valarnnu. hartmante niravadhi rachanakal rashtreeya kaalaavasthayude aazhathilulla swaadheenam kaanikkunnu. addehathinte 'misare' (1933-34) addehathinte 'suhruthukkalkku' samarppikkappettu...avar nithyathayil urangunnu; njangal ningale marakkilla (daachou, 1933-34), daachou thadankalppaalayathe paraamarsikkukayum naasikal apalapikkukayum cheythu. yudhathinte avasaanathil sakhyasenakalil ninnu purathaakkappettathinu hartman saakshyam vahicha dachouvil ninnulla 20,000 thadavukaare addehathinte piano sonaatta "1945 epril 27" chithreekarikkunnu.
randaam lokamahaayudhasamayathu, ithinakam parichayasambannanaaya oru samgeethasamvidhaayakanenkilam, hartman viyannayile oru swakaarya tution kozhsil sconberghinte vidyaarthi aantan vebarn (avarumaayi vyakthiparavum raashtreeyavumaaya thalatthil addeham palappozhum viyojippundaayirunnu) samarppichu. shailiparamaayi avarude samgeethathinu pothuvaaya kaaryangalonnumillengum, vebarnte theevramaaya poornatha thanikk aavasyamaanennum athil ninnu prayojanam nediyittundennum addehathinu vyakthamaayi thonni.
adolph hitlarude pathanathinushesham, yudhaananthara sakhya bharanakoodathinu utharavaadithamulla oru sthaanathekku niyamikkaan kazhiyunna bavariayil nilaninnirunna churukkam chila pramukha phaasist virudharil oraalaayirunnu hartman. 1945-ll addeham bavarian stettu oopparayil oru "naadaka" maargamaayi maari, avide, naasi bharanakoodavumaayulla eathenkilum sahakaranathaal kalankamillaathe athijeevicha anthaaraashtra thalatthil amgeekarikkappetta churukkam chila vyakthikalil oralaayi, (padinjaaru) jarmman sangeetha jeevithathinte punarnirmmaanatthil addeham oru pradhana vyakthiyayi. orupakshe addehathinte ettavum sradheyamaaya nettam myoosikkaayirunnu-addeham myoonichil sthaapikkukayum jeevithakalam muzhuvan pravarthippikkukayum cheytha oru vaiva kacheri parambara. 1945 novemberil aarambhicha kacherikal deseeya soshyalist soundaryanayam prakaram 1933 muthal nirodhichirunna irupathaam noottaandile shekharathilekku jarmman pothujanangale veendum parichayappedutthi. hans verner hens, luigi nono, luigi dallapicola, kaal oorf, ians senakis, oliviyar messian, luciano berio, bernd alois simmerman thudangi niravadhi pramukharkku 1940 kalude avasaanathilum 1950 kalude thudakkathilum hartman yuva samgeethasamvidhaayakare oru vediyaayi nalki. jeane kooktiyoo, leeii corbusier, john miroo thudangiya shilpikaleyum kalakaaranmaareyum hartman musica vivayile pradarshanangalil ulppeduthi.
1949 maarchil musicprise oof dhii sitti oof munichu ulppede niravadhi bahumathikal addehathinu labhichu. ithinethudarnnu bairishe academy derr shonen kunste (1950), arnold sconberg medel oof dhii ignam (1954), gross kunstrays oof dhii land norder-westfalen (1957), brounshweeg nagaratthinte ludwig spore award, schwabing kunstrays (1961), bavarian medel oof merrit (1959) enniva labhichu. hartman myoonikkileyum berlinileyum (1952) akkadami oof artsil amgamaavukayum washingtonile spokeyn kansarvettariyil ninnu (1962) oonarari doktarettu nedukayum cheythu. addehathinte soshyalist anubhavam soviyatt yooniyante vaividhyamaarnna kammyoonisathilekk vyapichirunnilla, 1950-kalil addeham kizhakkan jarmmaniyilekku pookaanulla vaagdaanam nirasichu.
hartman thante jeevithakalam muzhuvan myoonikkile thante pravartthanangal thudarnnu, addehathinte bharanaparamaya chumathalakal addehathinte samayavum oorjjavum ulkkollaan thudangi. ithu rachanaykkulla addehathinte samayam kuraykkukayum addehathinte avasana varshangal gurutharamaaya asukham moolam budhimuttukayum cheythu. 1963-ll, 58-aamm vayassil vayarile cancer baadhichu addeham marichu, jeane giroudoxinte apocalyptic naadakamaaya "sodam aandu gomora" yill ninnulla vaakkukalil shabdathinum oorkkastraykkumaayi vipuleekaricha symphonic "gezangsein"-poortthiyaakaathe avasheshichu.
aouttputtum sailiyum.
hartman niravadhi kruthikal poortthiyaakki, prathyekichu ettu symphonykal. ivayil aadyathethu, orupakshe addehathinte pala kruthikaludeyum budhimuttulla uthbhavathinte pratheekamaaya symphany nambar aanu. 1, "oru rikviyam sambandhicha prabandham" ("versachu ains requeems"). 1936ll walt vitmaante eathaanum kavithakale adisthaanamaakkiyulla alto sooloo, oorkkastra ennivayude oru kaantaattayaayi ithu aarambhichu. ithu taamasiyaathe "nammude jeevitam symphonic sakalam" ("anser leben symphonishes sakalam") ennariyappedukayum aadyakaala naasi bharanathinu keezhilulla kalakaaranmaarudeyum udaaramanaskaraaya aalukaludeyum pothuve dayaneeyamaaya saahacharyangalekkurichulla oru abhipraayamaayi uddeshikkukayum cheythu. randaam lokamahaayudhathil moonnaam raichinte paraajayathinu sesham, bharanakoodatthinte yadhaartha irakal vyakthamavukayum holocoastil kollapetta dasalakshakkanakkinu aalukale aadarikkunnathinaayi kaantaattayude thalakkett "symphonic fragmenta oru rikviyam sramikkuka" ennu maattukayum cheythu. hartman thante symphany nambar aayi 1954-55 ll eee kruthi parishkarichu. 1, 1956-ll prasidheekarikkukayum cheythu. eee udaaharanam soochippikkunnathu pole, addeham valare svayam vimarsanaathmakanaaya oru samgeethasamvidhaayakanaayirunnu, addehathinte pala kruthikalum thudarchayaaya punaravalokana ghattangaliloode kadannupoyi. 1930 kalude avasaanathilum yudhakaalathum addeham thante ganyamaaya oorkkastra kruthikalil bhooribhaagavum adichamarthi, onnukil avaa prasidheekarikkappedaathe thudaraan anuvadikkukayo allengil pala kesukalilum avaye-allengil avayude chila bhagangal-1940 kalude avasaanathilum 1950 kalude thudakkathilum addeham nirmmicha akkangalulla simphanikalude parambarayilekku punarnirmmikkukayo cheythu.
orupakshe addehathinte symphonykalil ettavum kooduthal avatharippikkappedunnathu illa. 4, charadukalkku, illa. 6; orupakshe, prakadanangaliloodeyum recordingukaliloodeyum addehathinte ettavum prashasthamaaya kruthi, randaam lokamahaayudhathinte thudakkathil rachicha vayalin, stringukal ennivaykkaayulla addehathinte concerto funerey aanu, koodaathe oru husait coralum 1905 leeii russian viplava gaanavum upayogichu.
breknerinteyum mahlarinteyum paarambaryatthil sangeetha aavishkaaravum jaas stylisation ulppede niravadhi vyathyastha bhashaantharangal jaiva symphonic roopangalilekku samanvayippikkaan hartman shramichu. addehathinte aadyakaala kruthikal aakshepahasyaparavum raashtreeyavumaayi bandhappettathumaan. ennaal jeey yude polyphonic vaidagdhyathe addeham prashamsichu.ezz. baachu, mahlarude aazhathilulla avishkaara vairudhyam, igor stravinskyudeyum pooll hindemithinteyum neoclassisavum. 1930kalil addeham hangariyile belah bartokkumaayum solton kodaliyumaayum adutha bandham valarthiyeduthu, ithu oru paridhivare addehathinte samgeethathil prathifalikkunnu. 1940kalil addeham sconbergian panthrand toonn saankethikavidyayil thaalparyam prakadippikkaan thudangi; weberninoppam padichenkilum swantham bhasha alban berginodadutthaayirunnu. 1950kalil boris blatcher eliot carter thudakkamitta alavukolukal hartman paryavekshanam cheyyaan thudangi. moonnu bhaagangalulla adejio slow chalanagal, fugukal, vyathiyanangal, tokkattakal ennivayaanu addehathinte ettavum kooduthal upayogikkunna roopangal.
prasasthiyum paarambaryavum.
addehathinte maranathethudarnnu addehathinte samgeethathil sradheyamaaya vijayam nedi addehathinte ettavum prashasthanaaya abhibhashakanaaya shershen 1966 ll antharichu. ithu addehathinte maranananthara varshangalil hartmante samgeetham pothujana kazhchappadil ninnu aprathyakshamaakunnathine thwarithappeduthiyathaayi chilar abhiprayappettu. hartmante samgeetham pathivayi avatharippikkunna kandakdarmaaril moonnaamatheyum aaraamatheyum symphonykal record cheytha raffel kubelik, ferdinand leetnar ennivar ulppedunnu. hartmante ettavum puthiya kruthikalude chaambyanmaaril ingo mettsmaachar, maris jaansans ennivar ulppedunnu.
hartmante samgeethathekkurichu hans verner hens paranju 
symphonic vaasthuvidya addehathinu anivaryamaayirunnu... thaan anubhavichathum manassilakkiyathumaaya lokathe prathifalippikkunnathinu anuyojyamaaya maadhyamamaayi-vedanaajanakamaaya naadakeeyamaaya oru yudhamaayi, vairudhyamaayum samgharshamaayum-athinte bhaashaashaasthrathil aathmasaakshaathkaaram nedunnathinum manushyarkkidayil svayam chithreekarikkunnathinum, eee lokathinu purathalla, eee lokathinte oru manushyanaayi.
engleesh samgeethasamvidhaayakanaaya joonn mccabe thante "kaal amadius hartmante prameyathekkurichulla vyathiyanangal" (1964) aadaranjaliyaayi ezhuthi. hartmante naalaamathe symphanyude udghaadanathe athinte prameyamaayi ithu upayogikkunnu. hartmante piano sonaatta nambarinte oru pathipp hens nirmmichu. 2 poornna orkkastraykku.
pravrithikalude pattika.
symphonic varkkukal.
(i) 1945 vare-kooduthalum pinneedu adichamarthappettu
(b) 1945nuu sesham

