dorignathus

bhookhandathinte bhooribhaagavum aazhamillaatha kadalukal vellathinadiyilaaya jurassic kaalaghattatthinte thudakkathil europil jeevichirunna ramforehinchid terrosorinte oru janussayirunnu dorignathus ("kuntha thaadiyellu"). ithinu oru hraswa () chirakukalum thaarathamyena cheria thrikonaakrithiyilulla sternavum undaayirunnu, avideyaanu athinte parakkal peshikal gadippichirikkunnathu. athinte thalayotti neelamullathum athinte kannu sokkattukalaayirunnu athinte ettavum valia thuramukham. thaadiyellukal adaykkumbol "parasparam cherunna" valia valanja nakhangal mookkinte munvashath pradhanamaayi prathyakshappedukayum cheruthum nerayathumaaya pallukal purakil varaykkukayum cheythu. aadhunika uragangalil apoorvamaanengilum basel ("aadima") terrosorukalil kooduthalaayi kaanapedunna heterodondi enna avastha rando athiladhikamo pallukalude roopangal ullathaanu. dorignathusile" heterodond dentation oru malsyabhakshana (malsyam kazhikkunna) bhakshanavumayi poruthappedunnu. dorignathasinte" pinkaalukalile anchaamathe akkam asaadhaaranamaamvidham neelamullathum vashathekku thirinjathumaanu. athinte pravartthanam urappalla, pakshe calviral athinte chirakukalum teroidukalum pinthunaykkunnathupolla oru membranine pinthunachittundaakam. "dorignathus" avasaanathe jurassic terrosaur "" ramphorhincus "" maayi bandhappettirunnuvennum holsmadenileyum oomdenileyum "" campylognathoids ""-nte samakalikanaayirunnu ennum david anvin parayunnu ".
kandethal.
tortian vamshajaraaya "dorignathus" enna prathyeka asthikaludeyum thaadiyellukaludeyum sakalangalaaya "dorignathus" enna aadya avashishtangal bavariayile baansinu sameepam kandethi, 1830-ll kaal theodori "ornithocephalus banthensis" ennu visheshippichu; baansine soochippikkunna nirddishta peru. ennirunnaalum 1831-ll theodori eee inathe "terrodactylus" janussilekku punarniyojippichu, athinaal "pii" srishtikkunnu. banthensis ". holotype, oru thaazhathe thaadiyellu, sample pii. ezz. bii 757 aanu. fossilukal 1831-ll kristhyan eric herman voonn mayer 1852-ll theodory "terodactylasine" pakaram "ramphorhincus" janussilekku paraamarshichappol veendum padichu. eee kaalayalavil brittanil ninnu ariyappettirunna oru terosorumaayi adutha bandham anumanikkappettu, pinneedu "dimorphodone" ennu namakaranam cheythu. chila fossilukal johann andreas wagner enna myoonikkile paleantology professork ayachu. ayachu 1856lum albert opel nadatthiya puthiya kandethalukal padicha addeham, richard ooven "dimorphodone" ennu perittathinu sesham, jarmman tharam vyakthamaayi vyathyasthamaanennum athinaal oru puthiya januss terrosaur sthaapikkanamennum, 1860ll greak "dorry", "kuntham", "gnathos", "thaadiyellu" ennivayil ninnu "dorignathus" ennu addeham aupachaarikamaayi namakaranam cheythu. mattu jarmman pradeshangalilum prathyekichu holsmadden, oomden, sell ennivayulppede wurtembergil ninnu kooduthal samboornna avashishtangal kandethiyittundu. 1978ll fraansile naansiyil ezz. emm. enn. ezz 81840 enna oru maathruka kuzhichedukkappettindu. "praadeshika karshakar jolie cheiyunna slate kwaarikalil ninnu upayogashoonyamaaya parakal valicheriyunna kollayadicha koombaarangalil dorignathus fossilukal palappozhum kandethiyittundu. irupathukalil onnu, irupathaam noottaandile enpathukalil mattonn enningane rund pradhana tharamgangalilaanu mikka fossilukalum kandethiyathu. athinusesham slettinte aavasyam shakthamayi kurayukayum niravadhi cheria kwaarikal adaykkukayum cheythathinaal kandethal nirakk ganyamaayi kuranju. nilavil ambathiladhikam saambilukal shekharichittundu, avayil palathum stettu museum oof naachural histtari stuttgaarttinte shekharathil samrakshikkappettittund, kaaranam niyamaprakaaram badden-wurtembergile paleantological kandethalukal eee bundslandinte swathaanu. pinneedu kandethiya fosilukalude mikacha samrakshana kaaranam, "dorignathus" terrosaur gaveshakarude valareyadhikam thaalparyam srishtichu, pradhana padanangal felix plenninger, gustav voonn artabar, aduthide kevin padian ennivar eee inathinaayi samarppichu.
1971-ll rupert wilde randaamathe inathe vivarikkukayum namakaranam cheyyukayum cheythu "dorignathus mistelgounsis", misttelgau railway steshanu sameepamulla oru ishtika kuzhiyil shekharicha oru maathrkaye adisthaanamaakki, nirddishta peru paraamarsikkunnu, adhyaapakan echu. herpich, athu ippozhum thamasikkunna beyroothile praadeshika amachwar paaliyantolajistaaya gunthar chikkante swakaarya shekharathinu sambhavana cheythu. thalphalamaayi, udaaharanathinu audyogika inventary nambar illa. chirakulla tholinte blade, bhagikamaaya oru call, vaariyell, oru kaadalile kasherukkal enniva fossililundu. oru saadhaarana maathrkayekkaal 50 sathamaanam valia chirakukalulla valia valippathe paraamarshichu oru puthiya speeshees namam srishtikkunnathine wilde nyaayeekarichu; cheria thaazhathe kaalum neelamulla chirakum.
2008ll padian "dii" ennu choondikkaatti. annu ariyapettirunnathil vachu ettavum valia, 169 centimeter chirakukalulla, banthensis maathrkayaaya emm. bii. aarr. <aii. dii. 1>-nuu athilum valia valippamund; aaa chirakukalum thaazhathe kaalukaludeyum anupathangal "dii" yill vyathyaasappettirikkunnu. banthensis "umm bhoomishaasthraparamaaya yugavum thaarathamyappeduthaavunnatha. addeham "dii" ennu nigamanam cheythu. dii" ennathinte aathmanishtamaaya juuniyar paryaayamaan mistelgounsis. banthensis ".
vivaranam.
"dorignathasinu" pothuve oru basel undu, athaayath.iii. noonn-terrodactyloid terrozora oru cheria kazhuthu, neelamulla wall, hraswa mettaakaarpaalukal-ennirunnaalum oru basel terrosorine sambandhichidatholam "dorignathasinte" kazhuthum mettaakaarpaalukalum thaarathamyena neelamullathaanu. thalayotti neelamullathum chulivullathumaanu. 1915ll bernard haff thayyarakki oduvil berlinile naachural histtari museum ettedutha ettavum valia ariyappedunna emm. bii. aarr. aii. dii. 1. enna maathrukaaparamaaya thalayottikk pathinaar centimeter neelamundu. thalayottiyil kanninte sokkatt ettavum valia thurassaaya roopappedunnu, ithu cheenjathupolulla asthi naarisil ninnu vyakthamaayi verthirikkapetta "fenestra aantorbittalisinekkaal" valuthaanu. thalayottiyudeyo mookkudayudeyo nere mukalil asthi chinnangalonnum kanunnilla. thaazhathe thaadiyellukal purakil nertthathaanengilum munvashathekku aazhathilullathaan, avide avaa symphysisilekku samyojippichu pallillaatha pooyintil avasaanikkunnu, athinte peril jeenasinu peru nalkiyittundu. emm. bii. aarr. <aii. dii. 1> ll, mandibulakku mothatthil 147 millimeter neelamundu.
thaazhathe thaadiyellukalil aadyathe moonnu jody pallukal valare neelamullathum moorchayullathum puratthekkum munnottum choondunnathumaanu. thaazhathe thaadiyellukalude pinbhaagathekku kramena valippam kurayunna etto athiladhikamo nivarnnu nilkkunna valare cheria pallukalude variyumaayi avaa vyathyaasappedunnu. mukalile thaadiyellukalil atharam theevramaaya vairudhyamonnumilla, pakshe premaxillayile naalu pallukalkk maxillayile ezhinekkaal neelamundu, avaa veendum pinbhaagathu cheruthaakunnu. athinaal motham pallukalude ennam kuranjathu 44 aanu. kokku adaykkumbol neelamulla mukalilum thaazheyumulla pallukal parasparam bandhippichirikkunnu; avayude angeyattatthe neelam kaaranam avaa thalayude mukalilum thaazheyumulla arikukalkkapuram ganyamaayi prakshepanam cheiyunnu.
padian anusarichu, ettu servical, pathinaalu dorsal, moonno naalo sacrell, irupathiyezhu allengil irupathiyettu kaudal kasherukkal enniva undu. asaadhaaranamaaya naalaamathe thrayam saadhaarana kaudal shreniyile aadyathethaanu. neelamulla nool polulla vipuleekaranangalaal avayude paridhi avyakthamayathinaal wall kaduppamullathinaal kaudalukalude ennam urappilla. servical kasherukkal valare neelamullathum shakthavumaya nirmmithiyaan, avayude mukal uparithalathinu ekadesham chathuraakrithiyilulla cross sekshan undu. avar eratta thalayulla nerttha servical vaariyellukal vahikkunnu. dorsal kasherukkal paranna nattellukal kondu kooduthal vrithaakruthiyilullavayaanu; aadyathe moonno naalo vaariyellukal sternal vaariyellukalumayi sanbarkkam pulartthunnu; kooduthal pincala vaariyellukal gastraliayumaayi sanbarkkam pulartthunnu. aadyathe ancho aaroo, cheruthum, cadel kasherukkal oru vazhakkamulla wall adithara roopappeduthunnu. purakil kaadalukal kooduthal neelatthil valarukayum avayude anchu kasherukkal vare neelamulla parasparabandhithamaya vipuleekaranangalaal nischalamaakukayum cheiyunnu, ithu orumichu kaadalukale oru asthi shringhala upayogichu chuttunnu, ithu vaaline oru chukkaniyaayi pravartthikkaan anuvadikkunnu.
sthanathinte asthi thrikonaakrithiyilullathum thaarathamyena cheruthumaanu; ithu oru cartilaginus tissue upayogichu athinte purakil neettiyittundaakaamenn padian abhipraayappedunnu. praayamaayavaril neelamulla scapulayumaayi samyojippichu oru saddle aakruthiyilulla thool joyint roopeekarikkunna korakoyidumaayi ithu bandhappettirikkunnu. humerasinu thrikonaakrithiyilulla deltopectoral kresttund, ithu numatised aanu. thaazhathe kaikk mukalile kaiyekkaal 60 sathamaanam neelamundu. kaithandayile anchu carpel asthikalil ninnu cheruthum ennaal karuthuttathumaaya oru terroid kazhuthilekku viral choondunnu, jeevichirikkunna mrugathil oru parakkal stharamaaya proppattaajiyathinu pinthuna nalkunnu. aadyathe moonnu mettaakaarppalukal hraswavum ennaal shakthamayi valanjathumaaya nakhangal kondu sajjeekarichirikkunna moonnu cheria viralukalumayi bandhippichirikkunnu; naalaamathethu chirakuviralilekku, athil randaamatheyo moonnaamatheyo fallenx ettavum neelam koodiyathaanu; aadyatheyo naalaamatheyo viral ettavum cheruthaanu. chirak viral pradhana parakkal stharathe pinthunaykkunnu.
eduppil iliyam, ischiyam, pubis enniva samyojippichirikkunnu. iliyam aarr kasherukkal neelamullathaanu. muthirnnavarude saambilukalude tbayudeyum faibula thaazhathe moonnil rund bhaagavum samyojippichirikkunna thaazhathe call, arakkettinekkaal moonnilonnu cheruthaanu, athinte thala athinte shaftinoppam 45 digri koonn cheiyunnu. proximal tarsalukal orikkalum oru prathyeka austragalocalaninil samyojippikkappedunnil; oru tibeotarsus roopappedunnu. moonnaamathe mettaattaarsal ettavum dairkhyameriyathaanu; anchaamathethu oru kaalviralumaayi bandhippichirikkunnu, athil randaamathe falnax 45 digri valavu kaanikkukayum moorchayullathum vishalavumaaya attamund; ithu orupakshe kaalukalkkidayil oru membranine pinthunaykkunnu, oru cruropatajiyam.
chila saambilukalil, mriduvaaya bhagangal samrakshikkappettittundum iva apoorvavum parimithavumaanu, ithu cheria vivarangal nalkunnu. ramphorhincus" enna vaalinte attathu oru vaaninte savisheshathayundo ennu ariyilla. ennirunnaalum, ferdinand brolley sample bii. ezz. pii 1938-ll 49 romangalude saannidhyam report cheythu, ithu "dorignathasinu" pycnophyberukal allengil thoovalukalum uyarnna metabolisavum undennathinte soochanayaanu, nilavil ellah pitosorukalkkum anumaanikkappedunnu.
filogeny.
aadyakaala gaveshakar anumaanicha "dorignathus" "dimorphodone" thammilulla aduppam pradhaanamaayum pallukalude roopathile upariplavamaaya saamyathaye adisthaanamaakkiyullathaayinu. 1928-ll baaran france nopsa eee inathe ramforhinchineykku nalki, athu 1978-ll peettar wellnofer sthireekarichu. dorignathasinte bandhangalekkurichulla aadhunika krithyamaaya klaadistik vishakalanangal samavaayathin kaaranamayilla. 2003-ll david anvin ithu clad ramforhinchineyil pettathaanennu kandethi, ennaal alexander kelner nadatthiya vishakalanangal "dimorphodone" allengil "petinosorus" ennathinekkaal valare kooduthal adisthaana sthaanathinu kaaranamaayi. padian, oru thaarathamya reethi upayogichu, 2008-ll "dorignathus" phylogenetic maratthile "scaphognathus", "ramphorhincus" ennivayodu aduthaanennum ennaal eee enangal thudarchayaaya oof-shoonukalude oru parambara roopappeduthukayaanennum, athaayath avaa oru prathyeka vamshathil onnikkillennum nigamanam cheythu. 2010ll bryan andrez nadatthiya oru klaadistik padanatthinte phalangal "dorignathus" oru monophylatic ramforhinchineyude bhaagamaanenn kaanikkunnu. andress parayunnathanusarichu thaazhepparayunna cladogram "dorignathasinte" sthaanam kaanikkunnu
paleobiology.
"dorignathus" malsyabhakshanavum neelamulla pallukal kondu malsyavum mattu vazhuvazhuppulla erakalum pidikkunnathayi saadhaaranayaayi karuthappedunnu. valare apoorvamaaya terrosaur "campylognathoids"-nuu sameepam kaanapedunna posidonia sheyilinte samudra nikshepangalil avayude fossilukal kandethiyittundu enna vastutha ithine pinthunaykkunnu. chila "dorignathus" saambilukalkku kadinamaaya bhakshanavasthukkalude upabhogavumaayi poruthappedunna inaamal darikkunnath kaanikkunna pallukalundu. ithu soochippikkunnathu eee pittosorukal chilappol molaskkukal allengil crustatians polulla kadinamaaya sheld irakale bhakshikkunna durophagus aayirunnu ennaanu. dorignathasy" nte valare cheruppakkaaraaya praayapoorthiyaakaathavar anjjaatharaanu, arupath centimeter chirakukalulla ettavum cheria sample kandethi; orupakshe avarkk thuranna kadalil kooduthal sanjarikkaan kazhinjilla. aadya varshangalil thaarathamyena vegathilulla valarchaykku sesham, athe valippathilulla eathoru aadhunika uragathekkaalum vegathil, laingika pakwathayiletthiya sesham pathukke valarunnathayi "dorignathus" ennu padian nigamanam cheythu, ithu chirakukalulla asaadhaaranamaaya valia vyakthikalkk kaaranamaakumaayirunnu.

