
paristhithi faasisam

paristhithivaadatthe phaasist kazhchappaadukalumaayum thanthrangalumaayum samyojippikkunna vyakthikaleyum grouppukaleyum vivarikkan upayogikkunna oru padamaanu ecophasism. yadhaarthathil, "ecophaasist" enna padam pouranmaarude aavasyangalkkum swaathanthryangalkkum mail paaristhithika nadapadikal sainikamaayi nadappilaakkunna oru saangalppika tharam gavanmentinte academic padamaayi kanakkaakkappettirunnu.
academic ithara vrithangalil, 1970 muthal uyarnnuvarunna paaristhithika prasthaanathinethiraaya oru apahaasyamaayi "ecophaasist" enna padam aadyam upayogichirunnu, thathwachinthakanaaya andrey gors 1977 ll thanne raashtreeyathinte paaristhithika aabhimukhyam maathram adisthaanamaakkiyulla eakaadhipathyathinte (bhayappedunna) roopangale chithreekarikkunnathinaayi paristhithi faasisathekkurichu samsaarichu. ennirunnaalum, 2010kall muthal, onnukil "ecophaasist" ennu svayam thirichariyunnatho academic allengil pathrapravartthana srothassukal angane mudrakuthiyittullatho aaya niravadhi vyakthikalum grouppukalum uyarnnuvannittund. eee vyakthikalum grouppukalum theevra valathupaksha raashtreeyathe paristhithivaadavumaayi samanvayippikkukayum amita janasamkhyayaanu paristhithiykku praadhamika bheeshaniyennum kudiyettam poornnamaayum nirthukayo nyoonapaksha vibhagangalkkum vamseeya vibhaagangalkkumethire sajeevamaayi vamshahathya nadathukayo cheyyuka ennathaanu eaka pariharam ennum vaadikkukayum cheyyum. sameepa dashakangalil paristhithivaadam kooduthal kooduthal mukhyadhaarayaayi mariyathinaal, pala theevra valathupaksha rashtreeya paarttikalum avarude plaattphomukalil harita raashtreeyam cherkkaan pareekshanangal nadathiyittundu, athesamayam 2010 muthal anthaaraashtra thalatthil niravadhi theevravaadikal paristhithi faasisathe avarude lakshyamaayi udharichittundu.
nirvachanam.
2005ll paristhithi charitrakaaranaaya maikkal iii. simmerman "ecophasism" ennu nirvachichathu "," jeevante gambheeramaaya valayam allengil janangalum avarude samsthaanangalum ulppedeyulla jaiva prakrithiyude muzhuvan kshemathinaayi vyakthikal avarude thalpparyangal thyajikkenda oru eakaadhipathya sarkkar "ennaanu. ithuvare oru paristhithi phaasist gavanmentum nilavilillengilum, "rakthavum mannum" enna kendra mudraavaakyangalilonnaya jarmman deseeya soshyalisathil athinte pradhana vashangal kaanaan kazhiyumennu simmerman vaadichu. paristhithi samrakshanathinum kalavastha vyathiyaanam thadayunnathinum pakaram mattu rashtreeya ajandakal "deseeya saambathika paristhithivaadam", "kalavastha vyathiyaanathinte securitisation", "ecoboardering" thudangiya kaalaavasthayodulla deseeya sameepanangalaan.
oru rashtra-group athinte maathrraajyavum thammil oru sahajeevana bandhamundennu paristhithi faasisttukal palappozhum vishwasikkunnu. avar palappozhum paaristhithika prashnangalkk aagola dakshinenthyaye kuttappeduthunnu, avarude nirddishta pariharangalil palappozhum vamseeya vargeekaranangale adisthaanamaakkiyulla theevramaaya janasamkhyaa niyanthrana nadapadikal ulppedunnu, koodaathe nilavile samoohathinte thwarithagathiyilulla thakarchaye phaasist samoohangal maattisthaapikkanamennu vaadikkunnu. eee randaamathe vishwaasam palappozhum theevravaada pravarthanangalkku sakthamaaya pinthunayumaayi anugamikkunnu.
paashchaathya raajyangalile abhayaarthikalude koottakkolayiloode bhaagikamaayi pariharikkaanaakumenn anuyaayikal karuthunna, amita janasamkhya, kudiyettam, amita vyavasayavalkkaranam ennivayil paristhithiyude naashathe kuttappeduthunna oru prathyayashaasthramaanu ecophasism ennu vais nirvachichittundu."paristhithi pravarthakanaaya navomi clain abhipraayappettath, paristhithi faasisttukalude praadhamika lakshyangal kudiyettakkaarude athirthikal adaykkukayum, kooduthal theevramaaya avasaanam, kalavastha vyathiyaanam enna ashayam manushyaraashiyile vibhaagangalude oru kootta shudheekaranam aarambikkunnathinulla daivikamaayi nischayichittulla oru soochanayaayi sweekarikkukayum cheyyuka ennathaanu. vamshahathyayiloodeyulla paristhithivaadam" aanu paristhithi faasisam ennu clain abhiprayappettu. rashtreeya gaveshakanaaya alex bhedagathi paristhithi phaasist vishwaasathe nirvachichathu "velutha swathuathinu athyanthaapekshithamaayi kanakkaakkappedunna paristhithiye samrakshikkunnathinaayi manushyajeevithathinte-prathyekichu thaazhnna janasamkhyayude-moolyathakarchayaanu."
theevravaada gaveshakayaaya kristti campian paristhithi faasisathe nirvachichathu "swaabhaavika kramathekkurichulla oru romaantik, ethnopluralist kaazhchappaadilekk madangunnathiloode oru sangalppitha samoohathinte punarujjeevanathe nayikkunna oru pinthirippan, viplavakaramaaya prathyayashaasthramaanu."
charitraparamaaya phaasist prasthaanangalile paristhithi, paaristhithika samrakshanathil valareyadhikam shradha kendreekarikkunnathaayum avayude nirvachanangal valare vishalavum sathaaparamaayi vyathyasthamaaya niravadhi prathyayashaasthrangale ulkkollunnathaayum paristhithi faasisathe nirvachikkanulla muun shramangale helen cavud jaani jansen vaan vuranum vimarshichu. academic saahithyathil upayogikkunna paristhithi faasisathinte nilavile nirvachanam "vamsheeyamo vamsheeyamo aaya vighadanavaadathinte prathyayashaasthrathe munnott nayikkaan paristhithi, paaristhithika samrakshanavaada samsara pooyintukal upayogikkunna oru prasthaanam" ennaanu avar vimarshanathil samgrahikkunnathu. athupole, theevravaada gaveshakar bryan hugues, dave johns, amarnath amarasingham ennivar paristhithi faasisam engane oru yojicha prathyayashaasthramallennum mistikkal, aanti-hyoomanist romaantisisathinte saamskaarika aavishkaaramaanennum prasthaavikkunnu.
prathyayashaasthraparamaaya uthbhavam.
maadisan graant.
chilappol paristhithi faasisathinte sthaapaka pithaav ennu vilikkappedunna maadisan graant pathonpathaam noottaandinte avasaanathilum irupathaam noottaandinte thudakkathilum amerikkayile samrakshanavaadathinte thudakkakkaaranaayirunnu. aadhunika vanyajeevi paripaalanatthinte sthaapakanaayi graant kanakkaakkappedunnu. graant bronks rivar parkway nirmmikkukayum american baisan sosaittiyude sahasthaapakanaayirikkukayum glacier desheeyodyaanam, olimbiku desheeyodyaanam, everglades desheeyodyaanam, denali desheeyodyaanam enniva srishtikkaan sahayikkukayum cheythu. newyork suvological sosaittiyude presidentaayi addeham 1899 ll bronks mrgashaala sthaapichu.
addehathinte samrakshana pravarthanangalkku purame, graant oru theevra vamsheeyavaadiyaayirunnu. 1906ll, thattikkondupoyi kongoyile veettil ninnu neekkam cheyth bronks mrgashaalayil kuranganmaarude veettil pradharshippichirunna mbutty janathayile amgamaaya otta benka sthaapikkaan graant pinthunachu. 1916-ll graant yooroppinte naravamshashaasthra charithrathekkurichu oru vivaranam nalkunnuvennu avakaashappedunna kapadashasthra saahithyathinte kruthiyaaya "dhii passing oof dhii grettu rays" ezhuthi. alpines, meditareniyans, nordics enningane moonnu vamshangalayi eee pusthakam europianmaare vibhajikkunnu, koodaathe aadyathe rund vamshangal bhoomi bharikkanulla eaka vamshamaaya superior nordic vamshathekkaal thaazhnnathaanennum ithu avakaashappedunnu. adolph hitlar pinneedu graantinte pusthakatthe "addehathinte baibil" ennu visheshippikkukayum graantinte "nordic sidhaantham" naasi vamseeya sidhaanthangalude aditharayaayi maarukayum cheythu. koodaathe, graant oru sujananashaasthranjanaayirunnu addeham american sujanna sosaittiyude sahasthaapakanum directorumaayirunnu, koodaathe manushya janasamkhyayil ninnu ayogyare illaathaakkanamennum addeham vaadichu. vamseeya vishudhi nedunnathuvare oru vamseeya vibhaagathe onninupurake onnaayi kollunna oru padhathiyaanu manushyarashi paripoornnamaakkunnathinaayi 100 varshathe padhathi graant roopeekarichathu. 1921leeii emarjansi kwata act paasakkunnathinaayi graant pracharanam nadathukayum 1924leeii immigration act pasakkunnathinum addeham pracharanam nadathukayum cheythu, ithu kizhakkan europil ninnum eshyayil ninnum amerikkayil praveshikkaan anuvadicha kudiyettakkaarude ennam ganyamaayi kurachu.
aadhunika kaalaghattatthil, richard spensor, aandezhs breevik thudangiya theevra valathupaksha raashtreeyathinte vakthaakkal graantinte ashayangal udharichittundu.
nassism.
19-aamm noottaandilum 20-aamm noottaandilum jarmmani paristhithi phaasist chinthayude aadyakaala aditharayaayirunnuvennum ernst moorits arned, wilhem heinrich reel, ernst hakel ennivarulppede niravadhi pramukha prakrithi shaasthranjarilum paristhithi pravarthakarumaayum athinte poorvvikar kandethiyittundennum prasthaavichukondu faasisathinteyum paristhithivaadatthinteyum samanvayam naasisathil ninnaan aarambhichathenn rachayithakkalaaya jaanett beal, peettar stoudenmeyar ennivar abhipraayappedunnu. atharam vyakthikalude pravartthanangalum ashayangalum pinneedu naasi bharanathil nayangalayi sthaapikkappettu. pilkkala paristhithi faasisathinte prathyayashaasthraparamaaya thudakkakkaaranaayi volkish prasthaanatthe thirichariyunna mattu gaveshakar ithine pinthunaykkunnu. beal aandu stoudenmeyarinte "ecophasism jarmman anubhavathil ninnulla paadangal" enna pusthakatthil, paristhithishaasthrathodu naasi party thaalparyam avar shradhikkukayum avarude thalpparyam "parambaraagatha kaarshika romantisisavumaayum nagara naagarikathayodulla sathruthayumaayum bandhappettirikkunnave" soochippikkukayum cheiyunnu. pilkkala paristhithi faasisavumaayi poruthappedunnathaayum aazhathilulla paaristhithika dhaaranayile sambhavavikasangalumaayi saamyamullathaayum simmerman samrakshanavaadiyudeyum naasi walther skonichanteyum kruthikale choondikkaanikkunnu. naasi adhikaarathilethiya samayat jarmman paristhithi pravartthakarkkum samrakshanavaadikalkkum naasikalkk sakthamaaya pinthunayundaayirunnu. rakthavum mannum" enna padam kandupidicha pramukha naasi prathyayashaasthranjanaaya richard walther darre, raajyathin avarude maathrraajyavumaayi oru nigooda bandhamundennu oru ashayam vikasippichu, athinaal, raajyam bhoomi paripalikkaan baadhyasthamaanu. ekkaaranathaal, aadhunika paristhithi faasisttukal naasi party paristhithi faasisathinte uthbhava kendramaayi udharikkunnu. daareykkappuram, rudolph hess, fritts tott ennivare naasi partikkullil paristhithi vaadathinte prathinidhikalayi kaanunnu. phaasist anubhavikalaaya kandattu hamson, henry vilyamsan ennivarude novalukalil naasi kalayilum graamavaasathilum vanyajeevikalude mahathwavalkkaranathe rogger griffin udaaharanamaayi choondikkaanichittundu.
navaa-naasi soshyalist reach party niyamavirudhamaakkiyathinum, athinte amgangaliloraalaaya august houselayer paristhithi, aanava virudha prasthaanangalkkullil samghadippikkunnathilekka neengi, jarmman green party sthaapaka amgamaayi. navaa-naasi prasthaanatthile addehathinte munkaala pravartthanangal harita pravartthakar pinneedu thurannukaattiyappol, party pathratthil kendra punk thudarnnuvenkilum party chairman sthaanam ozhiyaan houselator nirbandhithanaayi. paarttikkullile deseeyavaada gadakangale purathaakkaanulla sramangal thudarnnappol, oru yaadhaasthithika vibhaagam pilarnnu paaristhithika janaadhipathya party sthaapichu, ithu thudarchayaaya holocoast nishedham, saamoohika neethi nirasikkal, kudiyettathodulla ethirppu ennivaykku perukettathaayi maari.
malthushyanisam.
aagola dakshinenthyayil janasamkhyaa niyanthrana nadapadikal nadappaakki prashnam pariharikkan sramikkunna paristhithi faasisttukal amita janasamkhyayekkurichulla maltusian ashayangal sweekarichittundu, velutha bhooripaksha raajyangalile vamseeya nyoonapakshangal.
savitri devi.
franch vamshajanaaya greak phaasist savitriyevi (maximiani juuliya portas enna peril janichavar) nigooda naasisathinteyum aazhathilulla paristhithiyudeyum pramukha vakthavaayirunnu. 1930 muthal hitlarinteyum naasi party mathabhranthayaaya pinthunakkariyaaya avar mrugasamrakshana pravartthanangale pinthunaykkukayum cheruppam muthal sasyaahaariyaayirunnu. mrugangalude avakashangaleyum prakrithiyeyum kurichulla thante kaazhchappaadukal prakhyaapicha "manushyane impeach cheytha" (1959) polulla kruthikalil avar paristhithishaasthranjarude kaazhchappaadukal munnottuvachu. avarude abhipraayathil, manushyar mrugangalkku mukalilalla; ennaal avarude paristhithishaasthraparamaaya kaazhchappaadukalil, manushyar aavaasavyavasthayude bhagamaanu, mrugangalum muzhuvan prakrithiyum ulppede ellah jeevajaalangaleyum bahumanikkanam. naasisathodum aazhathilulla paristhithiyodumulla avarude eratta bhakti kaaranam, avar paristhithi phaasist vrithangalile swaadheenamulla vyakthiyayi kanakkaakkappedunnu.
tedu kasinsky, anbaambar.
anbaambar" ennariyappedunna tedu kasinsky, paristhithi phaasist chinthayil valareyadhikam swaadheenam cheluthiya vyakthiyaan. 1978num 1995num idayil aadhunika vyaavasaayika samoohathinethire oru viplavathinu prerippikkuka enna lakshyathode oru theevravaada bombakramanam kasinsky aarambhichu, manushyarashi oru aadima avasthayilekku thirike konduvarunnathinte peril paristhithiye samrakshikkumbol manushyaraashikk kooduthal swaathanthryam vaagdaanam cheyyanamennu addeham nirddeshichu. 1995ll kasinsky thante 35,000 vaakkukalulla anbomber manifesto "washington poost" allengil "newyork times" prasidheekarikkukayaanel bombing pracharanam avasaanippikkumenn vaagdaanam cheythu. rund pathrangalum aaa nibandhanakal amgeekarichu. prakadanapathrika aadhunika vyaavasaayika samoohathinethire mathramalla, "pradhaanamaayum soshyalistukal, koottukettukaar, 'raashtreeyamaayi sariyaaya' tharangal, feministukal, swavarggaanuraagikal, vaikalya pravartthakar, mrugasamrakshana pravartthakar thudangiyavare" ennu kasinsky nirvachicha "aadhunika idathupakshakkaar" yethireyum vimarshichu.
kasinskyude budhiyum uyarnna thalatthilulla academic swarathil ezhuthaanulla kazhivum kaaranam, addehathinte prakadanapathrika purathirangumbol gauravamaayi pariganikkukayum akramatthinte upayogathodu kadutha viyojip prakadippichavarkkidayil polum valare swaadheenamullathaayi maarukayum cheythu. kasinskyude theevramaaya harita anukoola, idathupaksha virudha pravartthanangal vegathil paristhithi phaasist chinthayilekku agiranam cheyyappettu.
saankethikavum saambathikavumaaya purogathikku pinthuna nalkiyathinu valathupakshathe kasinsky vimarsikkukayum paarambaryatthinte thakarchayekkurichu paraathippedukayum, saankethikavidya yaadhaasthithikarum valathupakshakkaarum samrakshikkaan aagrahikkunna parambaraagatha saamoohika reethikale nasippikkunnuvennu prasthavikkukayum, yaadhaasthithikare viddikalaayi paraamarsikkukayum cheythu.
kasinsky addehathinte prakadana pathrikayum paristhithi faasisttukal sweekarichittundengilum, 'paristhithi faasisam' thanne 'idathupakshathinte oru asaadhaarana shaakha' ennu visheshippichukondu 'paristhithi faasisttukal' ulppedeyulla 'faasisam' addeham nirasichu.
faasisathe oru "cook prathyayashaasthramaayum" naasisathe "thinmayayum" kanakkakkiyathaayi kasinsky thante prakadana pathrikayil ezhuthi. arasttinu munbo sheshamo oru ghattathilum theevra valathupakshavumayi sakhyamundaakkaan kasinsky orikkalum sramichittilla.
2017ll netflix kasinskyude jeevithathe aspadamaakki "" enna peril oru naadakeeya chithram puratthirakki. paripaadiyude janapreeti kasinsky addehathinte prakadana pathrikaye orikkalkkoodi pothujanangalude manassil athikkukayum paristhithi faasisathinte vyakthithvam uyarthukayum cheythu.
gaaratt hardin, penti lincola, "life boat ethics".
paristhithi faasisathil swaadheenam cheluthiya rund vyakthikal gaaratt hardin, penti lincola ennivaraanu, iruvarum "life boat dhaarmikatha" ennu avar vilikkunnathinte vakthaakkalaayirunnu. thekkan daaridrya niyama kendram oru velutha desheeyavaadiyaanennu aaropikkunna oru american paristhithishaasthranjayinu hardin, athesamayam lincola oru sajeeva paristhithi phaasist aanennu aaropikkappedunna oru finnish paristhithishaasthranjayinu, addeham janadhipathyam avasanippikkunnathinum kalavastha vyathiyaanam avasaanippikkaan eakaadhipathyavum vamshahatyayum polum upayogikkunna svechaadhipathyangal upayogichu athine maattisthaapikkunnathinum sajeevamaayi vaadichu. iruvarum thangalude kaazhchappaad vyakthamakkaan thaazhepparayunna saadrushyathinte pathippukal upayogichu
akramavumaayi bandham.
paaristhithika prathisandhikal vashalaakukayum pariharikkappedaathe thudarukayum cheyyumbol, paristhithi faasisathinte peril paristhithi faasisathinum akramathinum pinthuna vardhikkumennu academic vidagtharum gaveshakarum munnariyipp nalkunnu.
2020 desemberil sweedish prathirodha gaveshana ejansi paristhithi faasisathekkurichulla oru report puratthirakki. paristhithi faasisam thwarithappeduthal prathyayashaasthravumaayi adutha bandhamullathaanennum paristhithi faasisttukal rashtreeya sameepanathekkaal theevravaada thanthrangal mikkavarum prathyekamaayi thiranjedukkunnuvennum pathram vaadichu. koodaathe, ellah ecophaasist maas shootermareyum angane amgeekarichittillennu ezz. dii. aarr. eiii vaadikkunnu 2007 ll finlandil ettu pere vedivachu aathmahathya cheytha pekka-eric avinen "naachural selector manifesto" enna thalakkettilulla thante manifesto anusarichu prathyayashaasthram paalichu. manushyarashi mattu jeevajaalangalkk uyarthunna bheeshani kaaranam "manushyaraashikkethiraaya samboornna yuddham" addeham vaadichu. maranavum kolapaathakavum oru duranthamallennum athu ellah jeevajalangalkkumidayil prakrithiyil nirantharam sambhavikkunnuvennum addeham ezhuthi. aadhunika samooham "swaabhaavika neethi" yeei thadassappeduthunnundum thaazhnna "manushyare" kollanamennum manushyaraashiyile varenyavargakkaare maathram rakshikkanamennum avinen ezhuthi. thante oru youtube veediyoyil pramukha paristhithi phaasist pentti linkolaykk auvinen adaranjali arppichu.
2010 septambar 1 nuu discovery communications aasthaanathu niravadhi bandikale bandikalaakkiya paristhithi-bheekaravaadiyaaya jaims jayy leeye thekkan daaridrya niyama kendratthile maarkk potok oru paristhithi phaasist ennu visheshippichu.
vilyam echu. kuranjathu ettu kolapaathakangalkk utharavaadikalaaya oru samghadanayaaya aattamvaafen divisionile amgamaaya stotsar 2008 vare bhouma vimochana munnaniyil sajeevamaayirunnu, 2016 ll aattamvaafenil chernnu.
nyoosilandile christchurch palliyil nadanna vedivayppinte australian vamshajanaaya kuttavaliyaaya brantan taarant fraansil ninnu uthbhavicha theevra valathupaksha goodaalochana sidhaanthathinte peril "dhii grettu replacement" enna thante prakadana pathrikayil oru paristhithi phaasist, vamseeya-desheeyavaadi, vamsheeyavaadi ennu svayam visheshippichu. slettinaayi" ezhuthunna jordan weisman, kuttavaaliyude paristhithi faasisathinte pathippine "" oru sthaapitha, kurachu avyakthamaanengil, navaa-naasikalude brand "ennu visheshippikkukayum" puthiya raashtrathanthranjan "enna saaraa maanavisine udharichu ingane parayunnu," [paristhithi-faasisttukal] yadhaartha pradeshangalil jeevikkunnath oru vamshathil ninnaan uthbhavichathennum multy culturalism upekshikkuka ennathaanu matellattinumupariyaayi avar munganana nalkunna grahathe samrakshikkaanulla eaka maargam ". athupole, luke darby ithu vyakthamaakkunnu "paristhithi faasisam ennathu paristhithi bheekaravaadavumaayi bandhapetta oru hippy prasthaanamalla. kalavastha vyathiyaanathe neridaanulla eaka maargam sujananathiloodeyum kudiyettakkaare krooramaayi adichamarthunnathiloodeya maathramaanenna vishwaasam undu."
2019 leeii ell passo vedivayppinte kuttavaliyaaya patrick crusius taarantinu pinthuna prakhyaapichu samanamaaya oru manifesto ezhuthi. 8chaan" enna oonlain sandesha boardil poost cheytha eee lekhanathil, american jeevitashaili "paristhithiye nasippikkukayaanennum" bhaavi thalamurakal vahikkenda paaristhithika bharam uyarthukayaanennum "" vibhavangal upayogikkunna amerikkayile aalukalude ennam kuraykkuka "" ennathaanu pariharamennum paranju. 2019ll norwayile oru palli akramicha philipp manshousineyum crusiusineyum taarantineyum prachodippichu.
onniladhikam koottakkola goodaalochanakalkk utharavaadikalaaya thaavalavumaayi bandhapetta oru paristhithi-bheekaravaada grouppaanu sweedish svayam thiricharinja ecophaasist green brigade. multy-milyan dollar naashanashtangal varuthiya oru mink faminu nereyundaaya akramanam pole prakrithiyude sathrukkalaayi kanakkaakkappedunna lakshyangalkkethiraya theeveppu aakramanangalkk green brigade utharavaadiyaanu. jadjimaare vadhikkanum bomb spodanangalkkum padhathiyittathaayi aaropich rund amgangale sweedish police arast cheythu.
2021 juunil, telegram adisthaanamaakkiyulla terrorgram koottaayma adisthaana soukaryangalkkethiraaya akramanangalkkum nyoonapakshangal, police, pothu vyakthikal, pathrapravartthakar, mattu sathrukkal ennivarkkethiraaya akramangalkkumulla oru oonlain guide prasidheekarichu. 2021 desemberil, accelerationism, velutha aadhipathyam, ecophasism ennivayekkurichulla prathyayashaasthra vibhagangal ulkkollunna randaamathe rekha avar prasidheekarichu.
peyttan ezz. 2022 leeii pothu vedivayppinu prerippicha jendron, athinullil "oru vamseeya-deseeya paristhithi-phaasist deseeya soshyalist" ennu svayam visheshippikkunna oru manifesto ezhuthukayum taarant, dylan melkoora muthal breevik, roobert bovezhs ennivarkku vendi perumaarunna theevra valathupaksha shootermark pinthuna prakhyapikkukayum cheythu. pinneedu 2022-ll, terrorgram koottukettu mattoru prasidheekaranam puratthirakki, ithu kooduthal "pothu vedivayppinu" prachodanamaakumennu vishakalana vidagdhar vishwasikkunnu.
vimarsanangal.
aazhathilulla paristhithi pravartthakanum "lephtt biosentrism" abhibhashakanumaaya david oorttan 2000-ll prasthaavichathu eee padam nindyamaaya swabhaavamullathaanennum athinu "aazhathilulla paristhithi prasthaanathinum athinte pinthunakkaarkkum oppam, kooduthal pothuve, paristhithi prasthaanathinum ethire saamoohika paristhithi verukalundennum". athinaal, 'ecophaasist', 'ecophasism' enniva prabudhathaykku vendiyalla, marichu kalankam varuthaan upayogikkunnu."" "paristhithi phaasist" "gavanmento, ente arivil, paristhithi phaasist adisthaanathil samghadithamaayi parasyamaayi svayam prakhyaapicha oru rashtreeya samghadanayo ulla oru raajyam ithuvare undaayittillathathil" "yadhaarthathil eathenkilum aashayaparamaaya saadhuthayulla oru padam/ashayam" "ennathu vichithramaanenn oorttan vaadichu"."
paristhithi faasisathinte aropanangal palappozhum uyarnnittundengilum avaa saadhaaranayaayi shakthamayi nishedhikkappedunnu. saamoohika paristhithi shaasthranjanaaya mure bookchin eee padam upayogichathupole, idathupaksha vimarshakar paristhithi faasisathe manushyaavakaashangalkkethiraaya akramanamaayi kaanunnu.
aazhathilulla paristhithi.
manushyante aavasyangalkku avayude upakaranaparamaya prayojanam pariganikkathe thanne ellah jeevikaludeyum antharleenamaaya moolyathe prothsaahippikkunna oru paristhithi thathwashaasthramaanu aazhathilulla paristhithishaasthram. vimarshakarum phaasist vakthaakkalum ithu valarekkaalamaayi phaasist prathyayashaasthrangalumaayi bandhappettirikkunnu. chila grandhangalil, "aazhathilulla paristhithi" prasthaanatthinte pramukha shabdamaaya norwegian thathwachinthakanaaya aarne naas, markvis dii seydinte ("paristhithishaasthranjar, manushyavirudharaakaanulla mattoru sramam!"). 1992ll prasidheekaricha thante paristhithi virudha pusthakatthil luke ferry, prathyekichu aazhathilulla paristhithiye naasisatthinte athirthiyilulla oru manushyaviruddha prathyayashaasthramaayi kuttappedutthi. aadhunika paristhithi faasisathe manushyavirudhathayum thwarithappeduthal nilapaadum samyojippicha aazhathilulla paaristhithika thathwachinthayaayi visheshippichittundu.
aazhathilulla paristhithiyekkurichulla bukkeente vimarsanam.
david formaneppolulla aazhathilulla paristhithi shaasthranjarude rashtreeya nilapaadine mure bookchin vimarshikkunnu
prakrithivaadikal, communitarianmaar, saamoohika radicalukal, feministukal ennivar paristhithi enna vaakk upayogikkunnathupole, veshammariya vamsheeyavaadikal, athijeevanavaadikal, maacho danielle boons, samboornna saamoohika pinthirippukaar ennivar avarude kaazhchappaadukal prakadippikkaan paristhithi enna vaakk upayogikkunnu... eee munkaala paristhithi-budhivaadathil ninnaan hitlar, "janasamkhyaa niyanthrana" thinte peril, vamseeya aabhimukhyam upayogichu, rakthatheyum mannineyum kurichulla sidhaanthangal roopappeduthiyathu...
moonnaamlokatthe janangale pattini kidannu marikkaan anuvadikkanamennum laattin amerikkayil ninnulla niraasharaaya indian kudiyettakkaare athirthi poleesukaar ozhivaakkanamennum vishwasikkunna svayam avakashappetta aazhathilulla paristhithi shaasthranjarkkidayil aranoottaandinu sesham athe paristhithi-sookshumatha ippol veendum prathyakshappedunnu.
prakrithishudhi" enna vishayathe aspadamaakki sakaay.
idathukaarkkidayile atharam nireekshanangal bukeeninu mathramullathalla. anna bramvellinte richard walther daareyude jeevacharithrathekkurichu avalokanathil, rashtreeya ezhuthukaaran jeey. sakaiyum "" enna kruthiyude rachayithaavum swaabhaavika vishudhiyude phaasist prathyayashaasthraparamaaya ardhangal nireekshikkunnu. russian viplavathinu munbu, saarist budhijeevikal oru vashath "prakrithiyude shaasthreeya vaidagdhyathiloode bhoomiyil oru parudeesa srishtikkuka enna ashayavumaayi" edukkappetta liberal "upayogapradamaaya prakrithivaadikal" thammil vibhajikkappettirunnu, avare shoonyavaadavum anatoli petrovich bogdanov polulla russian suvolajistukalum swaadheenichu; maruvashathu, ivaan paarfenivichu borodine polulla "saamskaarika-soundarya" samrakshanavaadikalum, jarmman romaantik, aadarshavaada aashayangalal swaadheenikkappettu.
labelinte idungiya avastha.
paristhithi faasisam" enna padam upayogikkunnathu paristhithi phaasist pravarthanatthilekku nayikkunna prathyayashasthrangaludeyum samvidaanangaludeyum vishalamaaya shringalaye vendathra ulkkollunnillennum vivarikkunnillennum rashtreeya shaasthranjanaaya balsa lubarda vimarshichu, pakaram "theevra valathupaksha paristhithi" (free) enna padam nirddeshikkunnu. paristhithivaadavumaayulla vishalamaaya theevra valathupakshathinte edapedaline kaaryamaayi baadhichittillaatha oru athirthi prathyayashaasthramenna nilayil paristhithi faasisathinte nilanilppin oonnal nalkunna gaveshakanaaya bernhard forchner lubarda pinthunaykkunnu.
theevra valathupaksha harita prasthaanangal.
sameepa varshangalil paristhithi phaasist vaachaadopathinte vyaapanathin anusrithamaayi aagolathalathil paristhithi phaasist grouppukalil kooduthal vyaapanam undaayittund.
austriya.
 akkaalathe harita prasthaanatthinte janapreeti endpyude aavasyangalkkaayi upayogikkunnathinaayi muun endpyude audyogikanaaya alfred bair 1982 ll (dgo) sthaapichu. 1980kalude madhyathil niravadhi munisippal seettukal nedaan partic kazhinjenkilum 1988ll bharanaghadanaa kodathi navaa-naasisatthinte adisthaanathil enn. dii. pii. kku samanthara nirodhanathodoppam party nirodhichu.
finland.
navaa-phaasist neela-karupp prasthaanatthil paristhithi phaasist naya lakshyangal ulppedunnu, avaa finlaandinte prakrithiyum jaivavaividyavum samrakshikkanum prakrithiyumaayi yojichu jeevikkanum lakshyamidunnu, aachaaraparamaaya aravu, roma krishi, mrugaparisodhanakal enniva avasaanippikkunnu.
france.
nowell droit chalanam.
grease think taankumaayi bandhapetta mattu vyakthikalum alaine dii benoistum vikasippichedutha europian prasthaanavum harita raashtreeyam ulppede vividha idathupaksha aashayangale europian ethnonationalism polulla valathupaksha aashayangalumayi samyojippichittund. mattu theevra valathupaksha vyakthikal dii benoyisttil ninnu neethrthwam nalki, avarude raashtreeyathil prakrithiye aakarshikkunnu, avayil iva ulppedunnu gillom feye, renode kamus, herway juvin.
janareshan identitayar.
2020 ll, svayam vivaricha ecophasistinte lekhanangale thudarnnu, klement maarttinte vakthaav, paristhithiye samrakshikkunnathinaayi vamsheeyamaayi ekeekritha mekhalakale akramaasakthamaayi samrakshikkanamennu vaadichu.
jarmmani.
germmaniyile yudhaananthara kaalam muthal oru paristhithi phaasist vibhaagam ellaayppozhum jarmman theevra valathupakshathil oru cheria peripheral vibhaagamaayi nilanilkkunnundennu stoudenmeyar choondikkaanikkunnu, mattullavar valathupaksha vyakthikaludeyum grouppukaludeyum neenda charithram choondikkaanikkunnu.
enn. pii. dii.
jarmman deseeya theevra valathupaksha partyaya naashanal demookratik party oof jarmmani (enn. pii. dii) aduthide harita prasthaanatthe pinthunachu. pinthunakkaare nedaan party upayogicha niravadhi thanthrangalil onnaanith.
jarmman theevra valathupaksham oru poonthottavum prakrithi prasidheekaranavumaayi veshamidunna maasika prasidheekarichu, ennaal theevravaada rashtreeya prathyayashaasthravumaayi poonthotta tippukal bandhippikkunnu. ithu oru "marachuveppu prasidheekaranam" ennariyappedunnu, athil enn. pii. dii athinte dauthyavum prathyayashaasthrangalum oru vyathiriktha srothassiloode pracharippikkukayum allengil avar cheyyaatha veedukalilekku praveshikkukayum cheythu. valathupaksha paristhithi pravartthakar grameena germmaniyude vadakkan pradeshangalil sthirathaamasamaakkukayum thaine, puthiya uthppannangal, chuttupazhuppicha saadhanangal, mattu kaarshika vasthukkal enniva labhathinaayi uthppaadippikkunna deseeyavaada, svechaadhipathya samoohangal roopeekarikkukayum cheiyunnu. avarude prathyayashaasthram "rakthavum mannum" enna graameenathaye kendreekarichullathaanu, athil avar laabhathinum upajeevanathinumaayi uthppannangalum mrugangalum valarthunnu. eee pravarthanatthinu avar nalkia pinthunayiloodeyum mattu palarudeyum pinthunayiloodeyum, 1980kall muthal idathupaksham aadhipathyam pulartthunna harita prasthaanatthe eee vazhikaliloode idathuninnu thirichukonduvaraan enn. pii. dii sramikkunnathaayi reportund.
oraal praadeshika uthppannangal vaangumbozho allengil oru karshakanil ninnu puthiya muttakal krishi cheiyumbozho avar oru valathupaksha ajandaye pinthunaykkunnundo ennu arian prayaasamaan. jaiva karshakarude samoohathilekku valathupaksha paristhithi shaasthranjarude nuzhanjukayattam thadayunnathino mandagathiyilaakkunnathino avarude samoohangalekkurichum pothuvaaya reethikalekkurichum ulla laghupathrikakal polulla vividha sramangal nadakkunnundu. ennirunnaalum, jaivakrishi samghadanayaaya biopark avarude parisodhana prakriyayiloode kaanikkunnathupole, avarude prathyayashaasthrangal kaaranam aalukale kammyoonittikalil ninnu akattinirthunnathu budhimuttaanu. abhipraayangalo upadeshangalo allah, marichu avaa vyakthamaayi prasthaavikkappedaathu, avaa krishi sheelangale adisthaanamaakkiyullathaane biopark vyakthamaakkunnu.
mattu grouppukal.
eee padam parimithamaaya alavil upayogikkunnu.
hungery.
1980kalude avasaanathil hangariyil kammyoonisathinte pathanathetthudarnnu rajyath uyarnnuvanna puthiya rashtreeya paarttikalilonnaanu green party oof hungery. thudakkathil mithamaaya madhya-valathupaksha harita veekshanam pulartthiyirunna party 1993 nuu sesham oru ardhasainika vibhaagathinte roopeekaranavumaayi chernnu udaaravaada virudhavum communist virudhavum yootha virudhavum phaasist anukoolavumaaya oru samoolamaaya nilapad sweekarichu. eee prathyayashaasthraparamaaya maattam niravadhi amgangal partyil ninnu pirinju puthiya harita partykal roopeekarikkaan kaaranamaayi, aadyam 1993 ll harita badal randaamathu 1995 ll hangarian soshyal green partyumaayi. oro harita party hangarian raashtreeyathinte rashtreeya paridhiyil thudarukayum kaalakramena puratthaavukayum cheythu. 2010kalil hangariyude harita partyaya ell. emm. pii roopeekarikkunnathuvare hangariyile harita raashtreeyam orotta harita party chuttippattiyaan ekeekarikkappettathu.
theevra valathupaksha hungarian rashtreeya partyaya nammude maathrraajya prasthaanam paristhithivaadatthinte chila gadakangal sweekarichu; udaaharanathinu, tissa nadiyil ninnulla malineekaranam neekkam cheiyunnathine pinthunaykkunnathiloode desasneham kaanikkan party hangariyanmarodu ahvaanam cheythu, athesamayam malineekaranathe romaniayilum ukrainilum kuttappedutthi. athupole, theevra valathupaksha arupathinaalu kaundi yuvajana prasthaanatthinte gadakangal "paristhithi-desheeyavaadi" enna labelil svayam vilakkunnu, oru amgavum "oru yadhaartha desheeyavaadiyum kalavastha nishedhiyalla" ennu prasthaavikkunnu.
anthaaraashtra thalatthil.
arjanteena, bellarus, chili, jarmmani, itali, polandu, russia, serbia, spain, swittsarland thudangiya vividha rajyangalil shaakhakalulla kizhakkan europil ninnu uthbhavicha paristhithi faasisttukalude oru anthaaraashtra shringalayaanu greenline frond.
serbia.
leviathan prasthaanam paristhithi prolsaahippikkukayum mrugangale kroorathayil ninnu samrakshikkukayum cheiyunnu, mattu karyangalkkoppam, avare durupayogam cheiyunnavaril ninnu rakshikkunnu. leviathan prathyayashaasthraparamaayi oru navaa-phaasist, navaa-naasi groupaayi report cheyyappettittund. theevra valathupaksha rashtreeya partyaya serbian raittumayi avar oru oafees pankidumaayirunnu, leviyathante nethaavaaya pawley bihali navaa-nasikalkkoppam poses cheiyunna chithrangalil kaanapedunnu.
sweeden.
nordic raajyangalile paan-nordic navaa-naasi prasthaanavum sweedante oru rashtreeya party aaya nordic prathirodha prasthaanatthe ekkaphosist ennu nirantharam visheshippichittundu.
swittsarland.
swittsarlandil, 2013 januvari 11 nuu nadanna oru kristhyan demookratik peeples party oof swittsarland paripaadiyil eph. dii. eph. eiii stettu sekrattari ecopap samrambhathinte thudakkakkar paristhithi faasisathinu irayaayathaayi aaropichu. ennirunnaalum, cases phayal cheiyumennu bheeshanippeduthiya sesham, rossier aaropanathin kshama chodichu.
yunaittad kingdom.
theevra valathupakshavum paristhithivaadavum thammil yukeyil charitraparamaaya oru paarambaryavumundu. athinte charithrathiludaneelam theevra valathupaksha britiish naashanal party paristhithivaadavumaayi edapazhakukayum edapazhakukayum cheythittundu. 1970kalil party aadya nethaavu joonn beane party pathratthinte pejukalil valarnnuvarunna paristhithi prasthaanatthinu pinthuna prakadippikkukayum malineekaranatthinte praadhamika kaaranam amita janasamkhyayaanennum athinaal brittanilekkulla kudiyettam nirthanamennum nirddeshichu. 2000-kalil thangalude prakadana pathrikakalude ganyamaaya bhagam harita prashnangalkkayi samarppichukond bii. enn. pii yunaittad kingdatthile eaka 'yadhaartha' harita party svayam sthaapikkaan shramichu. 2009 octoberil bii. bii. sii vansu kvasttan timil prathyakshappettappol annathe nethaavu nick griffin prakhyaapichu
"taanum bii. enn. piyum yadhaartha paristhithi pravartthakaraanenna griffinte avakaashavaadathe vimarshicha rakshithaav, ithu kudiyetta virudha vaachaadopathinulla oru pukamanjaanennu soochippikkukayum kalavastha vyathiyaanam oru thattippaanennu griffin abhiprayappetta muun prasthavanakal choondikkaanikkukayum cheythu. 2009 desemberil aagolathaapanathe manushyanirmmitha prathibhasamaayi nishedhikkunna 40 pejulla oru rekha bii. enn. pii purathirakkiyappol eee samshayangal sariyaanennu thelinju. 2011ll party eee nilapad aavarthikkukayum kaattaadippadangal hypothermia moolam aayirakkanakkin scotish penshankaarude maranathinu kaaranamaakunnuvenn avakaashappedukayum cheythu.
skotlandil, holocoastine chodyam cheytha muun ukip sthaanaarthiyum aaktivistumaaya alastair mcconachi 2003 ll swatantra harita shabdam sthaapichu, koodaathe onniladhikam muun-bii. enn. pii amgangalum aaktivisttukalum party sthaanaarthikalaayi nilakondu.
america.
1990kalil hardline enna peril uyarnna theevravaada paristhithi upasamskaaram neraaya attathulla hardcore pank sangeetha ramgathu ninnu uyarnnuvarikayum amerikkayiludaneelamulla niravadhi nagarangalil svayam sthaapikkukayum cheythu. kadutha jeevithashailiyude anuyaayikal madyam, mayakkumarunnu, pukayila ennivaykkillaathil neraaya vishwaasavum theevravaada sasyahaaravum mrugangalude avakaashangalkkaayulla vaadavum samyojippichu. ellah jeevajaalangaleyum vilamathikkunnuvennu avakaashappedunna oru jaivakendreekritha lokaveekshanam karkkashavaadikal uyarthikkaatti, athinaal garbhachhidram, garbhanirodhana marggangal, laingikatha enniva prathyulppaadanathinlaathe mattethenkilum uddeshyathinaayi ethirthu. ithe reethiyil, swavarggalaingikathaye "aswaabhaavikavum" "vyathichalichatum" ennu karkkashavaadikal ethirthu. theevravaadi grouppukal valare theevravaadikalaayirunnu; 1999-ll salt lake sitti oru criminal samghamaayi theevravaadi grouppukale tharamthirikkukayum metro pradeshathe dussen kanakkinu aakramanangalkk pinnil thangalaanennu abhipraayappedukayum cheythu. athe varsham thanne, thukal saadhanangal vilkkunna phaast phudu autlettukalilum vasthra kadakalilum undaaya theepidithatthinu pinnil karkkashakkaaraanennu cbs nyoos report cheyyukayum 30 aakramanangalkk kaaranam karkkashakkaaraanennu parayukayum cheythu. 1990kalkk sesham karkkashamaaya upasamskaaram illaathaayi.
theevra valathupaksha paristhithishaasthravumaayumam paristhithi faasisavumaayum poruthappedunna alt-raitt vyavahaarathilum prathyayashaasthrathilum onniladhikam izhakal rashtreeya gaveshakanaaya blair tailor thirichariyunnu.
party theevra valathupakshathilekku maattaan shramicha yahooda virudha goodaalochana sidhaanthakar polulla theevra valathupaksha vyakthikalude lakshyavum american aikyanaadukalile green partyanu.
apamaanakaramaan.
rashtreeya avakaashathe ethirkkunnavar greenpease polulla kooduthal mukhyadharaa grouppukal, gretta thunberg polulla pramukha aaktivistukal, paristhithi vibhavangal samrakshikkaan chumathalappedutthiya sarkkar ejansikal ennivayulppede ellah paristhithi pravartthakarkkumethire "ecophasism" enna padam oru hyperbolic pothu nindayaayi upayogikkunnu. atharam athiraalikalil rush limbagh, mattu yaadhaasthithikavum vivekapoornavumaaya chalana kamantettarmaar enniva ulppedunnu.

