
sangeetha ardhashaasthram

sangeetha ardham ardhamaakkunnathinulla samgeethathinte kazhivine sangeetha ardham soochippikkunnu. ardham parayanum ardham ariyikkanumulla ore kazhivu samgeetham pankidunnundo ennathum bhaashayude oru pradhana savisheshathayaanu.
parinamaparamaaya poorvvikar.
primate shabdangal pradhaanamaayum nirnnayikkunnath samgeetham polulla savisheshathakalaan (pitch, amplitude, freekwansi-modulationukal, timbre, rhythm enniva polullava), koodaathe manushya sangeetha kazhivukal bhaashayude parinaamatthil oru pradhana phylogenetical punk vahichuvennu anumaanikkappedunnu. athupole, janithakaparamayi, shishukkalude bhaashayilekkulla aadya chuvadukal prosodic vivarangale adisthaanamaakkiyullathaanum kuttikkaalatthe sangeetha ashayavinimayam (maathrusangeetham polullava) kuttikalude vaikaarikavum vaijnjaanikavum saamoohikavumaaya vikasanathil pradhana punk vahikkunnuvennum anumaanikkappedunnu. chila kaaryangalil sangeetha faakkaltti manushyavamshathinu savisheshamaan; manushyar maathrame samgeetham rachikkukayum samgeethopakaranangal vaayikkaan padikkukayum grouppukalaayi orumichu upakaranangal vaayikkukayum cheiyunnulloo. oru groupil oru sangeethopakaranam vaayikkunnath manushya masthishkathinu valareyadhikam aavasyamulla oru joliyaanu, athu namukk ariyaavunna ellah vaijnjaanika prakriyakalilum earppedaan saadhyathayund. athil dhaarana, pravartthanam, patanam, oormma, vikaaram muthalaayava ulppedunnu.manushyante arivum masthishkathinte adisthaana samvidaanangalum anweshikkunnathinulla anuyojyamaaya upakaranamaayi samgeethathe maattunnu. neuro cognision oof music' enna thaarathamyena yuvashaakhayil cycoacousticsin shabdangalude neural kodinginteyum anweshanathil ninnu aarambhich, valare sankeernamaaya sangeetha vivarangalude daaranayilum ulppaadanathilum mastishka pravarthanangalkku adisthaanamaaya arivilum vikaarathilum avasaanikkunna vishalamaaya biosycological gaveshana mekhala ulppedunnu.
semantic priming prabhavam.
sissi oru gaanam paadunnu" polulla oru vaachakam samgeetham polulla ardhavumaayi bandhapetta vaakkukalude neural prosessinghine thadassappeduthunnu, athesamayam ithu paravatani polulla ardhaparamaayi bandhamillaattha vaakkukalude prosessing laghookarikkunnilla. eee prabhavam semantic priming ephakt ennariyappedunnu; ithu ardhaparamaayi bandhapetta sandarbhathinu munbulla vaakkukalkk kaanapedunna valare sthirathayulla prosessing nettatthe soochippikkunnu. eee semantic prosessing prabhavam ivantumaayi bandhapetta pottensial (iii. aarr. pii) alavukalude n400 ghadakam electrophysically prathifalippikkunnu. centro-paariyettal electrode saittukalil paramavadhi ulla oru negatteevu polaaritti erp gadakamaanu enn400. vaakkinte uthejanam aarambhichathinusesham ithu ekadesham 250 millie centegradil uyarnnuvarunnu, ekadesham 400 millie centegradil paramavadhi aamplityoodil athunnu. oru vaakkin munbu oru semantic sandarbham undaakumbol, n400-nte amplitude aaa wack athinumumbulla semantic sandarbhavum thammilulla semantic kongroosasnte alavumaayi vipareethamaayi bandhappettirikkunnu. eathaandu eathu tharatthilulla ardhavathaaya vivarangaludeyum prosessing oru n400 efakttumaayi (kutas, m. "thudangiyava.": electrophysiology bhasha graahyathilum pravanathakalilum semantic memory upayogam velippeduthunnu. shaasthram.2000).
ardhaparamaaya vivarangal bhaashayude oru pradhana savisheshathayaanu, ennaal itharathilulla vivarangal samgeethathinte oru pradhana vashamaano?
mikka sangeetha sidhaanthakarum sangeetha ardhathinte kuranjathu naalu vyathyastha vashangalenkilum choondikkaanikkunnu
ennirunnaalum, samgeethathinu nirddishta ardha ashayangal (pinker, norttan, newyork 1997, manass engane pravartthikkunnu) kaimaran kazhiyumenna ashayam mikka bhaashaashaasthranjarum nirsikkum. ennirunnaalum koyalsh muthalaayavarekkurichulla patanam. 2004ll samgeethathinu ardhaparamaaya vivarangal kaimaran kazhiyumennathinu sakthamaaya perumatta, electrophysiological thelivukal nalkaan kazhiyum.
avabodhapoorvvam, holstukalude "grahangal" allengil beethovante simphanikalude chila bhagangal "flee" enna vaakkin pakaram "heero" enna vaakkin praadhaanyam nalkunnuvennu vishwasaneeyamaayi thonnunnu.
kwelsh muthalaayava primukal.mukalil soochippichathupole, avayude ardhavumaayi bandhappett, oru lakshya padavumaayi bandhappettatho bandhamillaathatho aaya vaakyangalum sangeetha bhaagangalum upayogichu. lakshyangalil pakuthiyum amoorthamaayirunnu, backie pakuthi vyakthamaaya vaakkukalaayirunnu. moorthamaaya vaakkukalkk roopam nalkunna mikka uthejakangalum shabdangalumaayi saamyamullavayaan (udha.jii.pakshi) allengil vasthukkalude gunangal (udha.jii., basementumaayi bandhapetta kuranja tonukal allengil staircaseumaayi bandhapetta aarohana pitch steppukal). chila sangeetha uthejakangal (prathyekichu amoortha padangalkkulla primukalaayi upayogikkunnava) prathyeka vaakkukalumayi (udha.jii., neduveerppiduka, aashvaasam). mattu uthejakangal saadhaaranayaayi prathyeka vaakkukalumayi bandhapetta stereotypic sangeetha roopangalo shailikalo avatharippichu (udha.jii., oru sabhagaanavum bhakti enna wack).
pradhanamaayi, pankedukkunnavarkku sangeetha bhagangal parichithamayirunnilla, athinaal bhashayumaayi (sheershakangalo varikaloo polullava) vyakthavum nerittullathumaaya bandhamullah samgeethathinu purameyulla asosiyeshanukalkku ardham nalkaan kazhiyilla. vaakkukalude priminginu sangeetha primukalum taargett vaakkukalum thammilulla nerittulla bandhathe aashrayikkaan kazhiyaathathinal, koyalsh thudangiyavar. bhashayumaayi nerittu bandhamillaattha uthejakangalaal enn400 ulkkollaan kazhiyumo ennu anweshikkaan avaa praapthamakki.
perumaattaparamaayi, oru vaakyathin sesham taargett vaakkukal avatharippikkumbol vishayangal taargett vaakkukalude 92 sathamaanavum shariyaayi tharamthirichu. lakshya vaakkukalkk munbu sangeetha bhagangal undaayirunnappol, lakshyangalil 80 sathamaanavum shariyaayi tharamthirichirunnu. - 5 muthal + 5 vareyulla skeyil upayogichu prime, taargett vaakkukal thammilulla ardhaparamaaya bandhathe vishayangal vilayiruthenda oru pree-experimentiloode kooduthal perumatta daatta shekharikkukayum, anchu vaakkukalude pattikayil ninnu prime enna padavumaayi ardhaparamaayi ettavum adutha bandhamullah vaakk thiranjedukkaan vishayangalodu nirddeshikkunna oru adhika pareekshanam nadathukayum cheythu. pree-experimentinum adhika pareekshanatthinum aadya eeji pareekshanatthil perumatta prakadanatthinte phalangal nilanirthaan kazhiyum.
eeji (electroencephalogram) upayogichaanu semantic prosessing alannathu. ardhaparamaayi bandhamillaattha vaakyangalkk sesham taargett vaakkukal oru n400 eduthukaanikkunnu. athupole, ardhavathaaya aashayangalude praathinidyangal praadhamikamaakkunnathiloode samgeethathinu ardhavathaaya ardhavathaaya vivarangal kaimaran kazhiyumennu kaanikkunna ardhaparamaayi bandhamillaattha sangeetha bhagangal lakshyamidunna vaakkukalkk munbu varumbol oru n400 prabhavam velippeduthi. lakshya padangalude erppukal, pratheekshichathupole, ardhaparamaayi bandhamillaattha vaakyangalkk sesham lakshyangal avatharippikkumbol ardhaparamaayi bandhapetta vaakyangalkk seshamullavayumaayi thaarathamyappeduthumbol valia n400kall kaanichu. vaakyangalkk munbullathupole, bandhamillaattha oru sangeetha udharanikku sesham avatharippikkumbol taargett vaakkukal valia n400-kall ulkkollunnu. bhashayilum samgeethathilum, moorthavum amoorthavumaaya taargett vaakkukal ganyamaaya n400 efakttukal nedi.
amplitude, latensi allengil scalp distribution ennivayumaayi bandhappett bhasha domain (vaakyangal taargett vaakkukalal pinthudarunnu) sangeetha domain (sangeetha bhagangal taargett vaakkukalal pinthudarunnu) thammil n400 prabhavam (athaayath, primed vezhsas primed taargett padangalude prabhavam) vyathyasappettilla. rund domainukalilum, oru ubhaykakshi n400 centro-paariyettal electrode saittukalil paramavadhi ekadesham 410 meter aayirunnu.
bhashayilo sangeetha mekhalayilo allatha samathulithamaaya ulladakkathodukoodiyathum illaathathumaaya prime-taargett jodikalkkidayil n400 efakttukal vyathyasappettilla. samgeethathinte bhagangal lakshya padatthinte vaikaarika ulladakkavumaayi (inn) poruthappedunna oru vaikaarikaavasthaye maathram adisthaanamaakkiyuklathaayir saadhyatha eee kandethalukal thallikkalayunnu.
n400 efakttinu adisthaanamaaya electric braine pravartthanatthinte uravidangal bhashayum sangeetha domain thammil sthithivivarakkanakusaricha vyathyasappettilla, lokkeshanukalumaayo ooriyanteshanukal, sakthikal, paramavadhi samaya pooyint allengil vyathyaasathinte vishadeekaranavumaayo bandhapettilla. n400 efakttinte uravida vishakalanam soochippikkunnathu madhyakaalakaala gairasinte (mtg, broadmans eriya 21/37) pinbhaagathu sthithicheyyunna janarettarukal, mikacha kaalakaala sulcussinode valare aduthaanu. eee praadeshikavalkkaranam vaakkukaludeyum vaakyangaludeyum thalatthil ardha prakriyakalude pravarthanaparamaaya neuro anaattamiyekkurichulla niravadhi padanangalumaayi yojikkunnu.

