basilica saan francisco konventum, ksitto

ell saan francisco ennariyappedunna basilica aandu konvent oof saan francisco (), athe perilulla chathuratthinu munnil, charitraparamaaya kendramaaya kvittoyude madhyathil nilkkunna oru catholica basilikkayaan. eekwaadorile ettavum pazhakkameriyathum pradhaanappettathumaaya mathaparamaya sthalamaanithu. thekke amerikkayile charitra kendrangalile ettavum valia vasthuvidyaa samuchayamaan eee ghadana, ekkaaranathaal ithu "puthiya lokathinte ell escorial" ennariyappettu. 150 varshathilere neenda nirmmaanatthiludaneelam vividha shailikalude misrithamaayathinaal saan francisco bhookhanda vaasthuvidyayude rathnamaayi kanakkaakkappedunnu. yuneskoyude loka paithruka saittaya 'sitti oof ksitto' yude bhagamaanu saan francisco.
athinte moonnara hector uparithalathil, pathimoonnu klosttarukal (avayil aarr valia valippamullavayaan), moonnu shethrangal, oru valia atrium enniva nirmmichittundu, ithu ekadesham 40,000 chathurashra meter nirmmaanatthe kootticherkkunnu. nilavil avide onniladhikam pravartthanangal nadakkunnundu pothuvayathum mathaparavumaya, aarogyam, ashayavinimayam, vidyaabhyaasam thudangiya mekhalakalile pothu paricharanam, kettidatthe sajeevamaayi nilanirthunna janapriya swabhaavamulla mattullava.
pallikkullil colonial kalayude 3,500-ladhikam kruthikal undu, onniladhikam kalaa prakadanangalum vaividhyamaarnna saankethikavidyakalum, prathyekichu colonial kvitto school oof artumaayi bandhappettava, krithyamaayi eee sthalathaanu janichathu. pathinezhaam noottaandil peruvinte vaisroythithvathile ettavum mikachathaayi visheshippikkappedunna oru fraansiskan library ivideyundu.
nagarathinu varshangalayi jaladharayil ninnu vellam vitharanam cheiyunna plasa dii saan francisco, oru janapriya vipaniayum sainika, rashtreeya kendreekaranatthinulla idamaayum oru meating sthalamaayum saamoohika vinodamaayum pravartthikkunnu. pradhana kettidatthinte reethi-barok mukham eduthukaanikkunna chathuratthe aatriyavumayi bandhippikkunna konkevu-kanveks staircase colonial amerikkayil valia vasthuvidyaa praadhaanyamullathaayi kanakkaakkappedunnu.
charithram.
columboic munbulla kvittoyil, thekkan spanish sainyathinte munnettatthinum nagaratthe prathirodhikkanulla asaadhyathaykkum munbu, basilicayudeyum saan francisco konventinteyum nilavile bhoomi inca huaina kaappaakkinte rajakeeya kottaram kaivashappeduthiyirunnu, thaddesheeya general ruminahui athinte samboornna naashathinu utharavittu. nagaratthile theepidutthatthil kottaram nasippikkappedukayum valia alavil avashishtangalkkum malinyangalkkum keezhil kuzhichumoodukayum cheythu. ruminahuviyude sainikaril oraal thaddesheeya kaantunayude muthumuthachanaayirunnu, sambhavangalude driksaakshiyenna nilayil avide kuzhichittathinekkurichu addehathinu poornnamaaya arivundaayirunnu. nagaratthinte spanish adithara pakia moonnu varshathinu sesham 1537-ll basilicayudeyum saan francisco konventinteyum nirmmaanam aarambhichu, 1550 vare nilaninnirunna oru thaalkkaalika palliyude poorttheekaranatthode, nilavile kettidatthinte nirmmaanam aarambikkukayum 1680-ll poortthiyaakkukayum cheythu. 1705-ll kettidam audyogikamaayi udghaadanam cheyyappettu.
plottukal.
europian fraansiskan sabhayude pinthunayode, vishudha roman chakravarthiyaaya chaals vii. yude cussins ayirunna ghent purohithanmaraaya jodoco rikke, pedro goseel ennivarude pinthunayode, avar nagaratthiletthi, athinte aditharaykku rund varshathinu sesham, plasa mayer dii ksittoyude thekkupadinjaaran bhaagath chila plottukal swanthamaakkaan kazhinju, oru divasam saamraajyathva sainikarude thalavanmaarude sainika seettukal undaayirunna athe sthalathu chaalkuchimaakkum kwiskwis. athaayath, fraansiskanmaar suvisheshavathkarikkaan aagrahicha thaddesheeyarkku eee sthalathinu valia charitraparavum thanthraparavumaaya praadhaanyamundaayirunnu. praadhaanyamundaayirunnu 1983num idayil basilikkayude naveekarana velayil nadatthiya puraavastu padanangalkku sesham inca, karanki samskaarangalude kendramenna nilayil eee sthalathekkurichulla prabandham shakthippeduthi, athil pradhana seramic kashanagal kandethi, avaa columbian samskaarangalkk munbullava (koodaathe paansaaliyakalum) naav, klosttarukal, poonthottam, atrium, square ennivaykku keezhil.
aduthide srishticha saan francisco dii ktutto nagaratthinte cabildo, nagaratthinte bhauthika kramam anusarichu, thudakkathil franciscanmark rund blokkukalkku thulyamaaya oru pradesham nalki, oronninum 220 adii neelamundu. ennirunnaalum, 1538-ll, athe cabildo thudarchayaaya vidhikalkk sesham, moonnu hectoriladhikam visthruthiyil ethi. 1533-ll, vadakkum thekkum athinte paridhikal plasa dii saan fraansiskoyude paridhiyumayi poruthappettu, athinaal laatt plasa abhimukeekarikkukayum athinte vashangal kaviyaathe (padinjaaru athu choristado vare athukayum venam).
1537-ll, oru vashath, basilica sevicha yanakuna thaddesheeyaraayavarkku kurachu bhoomiyum maruvashathu, athinaayi oru kashanam bhoomi koodi kaimaran frir jodoco rikke cabildoyode aavashyappettappol, athu choristadoyil ninnu nilavile "kaalii imbabura" yilek kanakkaakkappedunnu. 1538-ll eee sthalam vadakkott vyapippichu; athaayath, pradhana klosttar muthal poleesinte nilavile aashrithar vare; eee avasarathil, friar pedro goseel cabildoyile sarmarod "oru poonthottatthinaayi oru kashanam bhoomi nalkaan aavasyappettu, athu saan fraansiskoyude veettil vaykkunnathinu kaaranam athu bhoomi thirikkukayum athu nere pookukayum cheiyunnu". checkerboard gridinte thaalavum nilavile "kaalii sukre" nte vipuleekaranavum nilanirtthiya kizhakk muthal padinjaaru vareyulla oru theruvu, konventine poonthottatthil ninnu vibhajichu; pradhana klosttarinu sameepamulla rund klosttarukalude nirmmaanam kaaranam pathinezhaam noottaandinte madhyathil eee theruvu theerchayaayum adachirikkanam.
nirmmaanam.
aadya ghattam.
1535-num 1551-num idayil palliyude nirmmanavum mathavishwaasikalude thaalkkaalika thaamasavum, 1551-num 1575-num idayil pally munvashavum aatriyavum uyarthukayum 1650-kalude madhyathil pradhana kettidatthodu chernnu ekadesham oru dussen klosttarukal nirmmikkukayum cheytha pathinanju varshathe kaalayalavaanu eee ghattam ulkkollunnath. samuchayathinte ettavum pradhanappetta nirmmaana kaalaghattamaayi ithu kanakkaakkappedunnu.
samuchayathinte yadhaartha padhathikal varachathu aaraanenn anjjaathamaanu, ettavum amgeekarikkappetta sidhaantham avaa speyinil ninnaan ayachathennathaanu, ricke gozeelin kurichulla bhooprakrithiparamaaya padanatthe adisthaanamaakkiyullathaanu. fraansiskan aashramathinte nirmmaanathinaayi aarkkitektukal speyinil ninnu vannuvennum, bhoomi praayogikamaayi ariyukayum, athinte chaayvu engane prayojanappedutthanamenna ariyukayum, aaa prashamsaneeyamaaya chuvadum manoharamaaya parapettum roopakalppana cheiyunnathinum nadappilaakkunnathinum ariyukayum cheytha aarkkitektukal, palliyude kalaparavum kadinavumaaya munbhagam pradharshippichirikkunnu. thudakkam muthal avasaanam vare ellah jolikalum cheythath ricke goseelumaanu enna sidhaanthathe pinthunaykkunnavarumandu.
ennirunnaalum, 17-aamm noottaandinte madhyathil abhivridhi praapicha oru mikacha vaasthushilpiyum, basilikkayude valiyoru bhaagathinteyum kvittoyude colonial vaasthuvidyayude mattoru rathnathinteyum rachaithaavenna nilayil, kvitto swadeshiyaaya friar antonio rodrigasinte peru samrakshikkappedunnu santa clara palli. konventinte aarkkaivile prabandhangalil, 1632 ll ninnulla oru kaiyyaksara oormmakkurippum undu, athu aadya kaalaghattatthil basilikkayude nirmmaanathinaayi pravarthicha jerman dii alamaan, jorjju dii laa cruze, addehathinte makan francisco ennivarekkurichu samsaarikkunnu, athaayath, friar jodoco rikkeyude; aarude sevanangalkkayi addeham avarkk nalki, kaabildoyumaayi yojichu, kwaarikalil ninnu pichinchayilekkulla kurachu bhoomi. aaa thozhilaallikal pravarthicha chila kruthikal eee oormmayil vyakthamaakkiyirikkunu "(...) eee palliyudeyum pradhana chappalinteyum saan fraansiskoyile gaayakasamghathinteyum nirmmaanathinu panam nalkunnathinaayi, konventinu avarkk nalkenda panam illaathathinaal, kwaarikalkku mukalilum pichincha parvathatthilekkumulla plottukal (pichincha parvatham) avarkk niyamaparamaaya kaivashappedutthal nalkunnu...).
randaam ghattam.
ithu aantharika alankaarathinum cheria vasthuvidyaa poorakatthinum anusrithamaanu, koodaathe 1651 num 1755 num edayilulla kaalayalav ulkkollunnu. eee varshangalil kramatthinte uyarchayum ekeekaranavum paramavadhi konventinte (eee palli) kalaparamaaya swathukkalile vardhanavil prathiphalichu. ennirunnaalum, 1755 leeii bhookambathinte falamaayi athinte mahathvam gurutharamaayi baadhichu, ithu mattu karyangalkkoppam palliyude pradhana naabhiyile mudejar artisonado melkoora bhaagikamaayi nashippichu. pathinaram noottaandile mudejar artisonado crossingle gaayakasamghathinte naabhiyilum samrakshikkappedunnu.
punasthaapanangalum poruthappedutthalukalum.
pathinettaam noottaandinte madhyam muthal, prathyekichu vividha bhookambangal kaaranam, shethrathinum chappalukalkkum konventinte vividha closterukalkkum vividha maattangalkk vidheyamaayi. nirmmaana prakriyaykkullil eee gattangal pariganikkaam.
moonnaam ghattam.
ithu ithu 1756num idayil nadanna vasthuvidyaa punarnirmmaana kaalaghattavumaayi poruthappedunnu. sidhaanthangalude mathetharavalkkaranam undaayirunnittum, ithu kvitto pravishyayude fandukalil ganyamaaya kuravundaakki, fraansiskanmaar parambaraagatha aashrithathvangalude punarnirmmaanatthinaayi valia sramam nadatthi. ithumaayi bandhappett, samuchayathinte soundaryaparamaaya aikyathin virudhamaayi shramikkaatha oru barok cofferred sealing pradhana naavil sthaapichukondu palliyude ulbhaagathe oru soundaryaathmaka punarnirvacanam undaayirunnu.
naalam ghattam.
eee ghattam fraansiskan kramatthinte sthaapanaparamaaya prathisandhiyumaayum prathisandhiyumaayum 1810num idayil basilica anubhavicha sthalangalude vamshanashavumaayum poruthappedunnu. eee varshangalil moolyangalude aazhathilulla prathisandhi kramatthiloode kadannupoyi; fraansiskanmaar paramavadhi konventinte valia pradeshangal vittukodukkaan nirbandhitharaayi, ithu avarude pravarthanaparamaaya naashathinu kaaranamaayi. ennirunnaalum, avarude niyanthranathilaayirunna pradeshangalil, parambaraagatha samghadanakalude roopangal nilanilkkunnu.
aadhunika ghattam.
1895 muthal 1960 vare, sthalangalude oru puthiya upayogam srishtikkappedukayum aadunikatha samuchayathil athukayum cheythu. saan francisco athinte bhauthika ghadana maattamillathe samrakshichuvenkilum, eee ghattathil edapedalukalude samayat puthiya nirmmaana saankethikavidyakaludeyum vasthukkaludeyum prayogavum upayogavumaayi bandhapetta mattangal undaayirunnu. nagaratthile nagara adisthaana soukaryangalude aadunikavalkkaranam kaaranam vaidyuthi, kudivellam, malinajalam, telephone sevanangal enniva konvent soukaryangalkku gunam cheythu.
maruvashathu, puthiya aashrithathvangal (museum, printing oafees, thiyettar, radio, swakaarya vidyaabhyaasa sthaapanam) sthaapichathode athinte speshyal gadanayude pravarthanaparamaaya punakrameekaranam nadannu, athu kramena kooduthal pothu aayi.
vaasthuvidya.
athinte vasthuvidyaa paristhithiyekkurichu oru prathyeka vishakalanam nadathukayaanenkil, saan fraansiskoyil madhyakala aashramangalude classic typology nilaninnirunnuvennu sradhikkaam. ithil, speshyal vitharanam palliyil ninnu aarambhichu, athinte maarganirddesha achuthandil ninnu, avide ninnu klooyistar gaalarikal thurannu, avide cellukal, refectory, chaapttar house, sellar, parlor enniva saadhaaranayaayi vitharanam cheyyappettu. athath naalu gaalarikalulla chatushkona muttamaayirunnu krithyamaaya roopam; athath galleryude sambhavanakal nalkunna pradhana roopangal chaapttar housinte gallery, refectoryude gallery, mathaparivarthana gallery, maandettatthinte gallery.
saan fraansiskoyude kaaryatthilum sabhayaan aaa kramatthinte kendram. athil ninnu aarambhich, madhyakaalakhattatthile aashramangalude kuranjathu rund gadakangalenkilum samrakshikkappetta ore valippathilulla naalu klooyistar gaalarikal project cheythittunda refectory kidappumuriyum. ennirunnaalum, saan fraansiskoyil orikkalum nilavilillaattha chaapttar hausinu oru gallery nalkiyittilla. vaasthavathil, naalu clostered bake chuttum mattu murikal vitharanam cheythirunnathenthaannum avaa evideyaanennum krithyamaayi arian kazhiyilla, ennirunnaalum, friar fernando dii kosar parayunnathanusarichu, pinneedu (1647) klosttaril "room oof prophentis", "refectory", art aandu daivashaasthra klaas murikalkku aduthulla "library", "gettu house", oru saakristiyulla oru cheria palli ennivayundaayirunnu. palliyude aduthulla galariyaaya maandettathinu praadeshika samghadanayude purathana maanadandangalkkanusrithayi vaayikkaan benchukal undaayirikkanam.
ennaal athupole thanne, athinte ulbhaagathu samghadithamaaya aashrithathvangalude sankeernamaaya shringhala, madhyakala madangalkku samaanamaayi athinte swantham svayamparyaapthamaaya sookshumalokam punarnirmmichu. evayilennapole, saan fraansiskoyil adisthaana aashrithathvangalkk purame aarogyam, vidyaabhyaasam, vyapaaram, thottangal, oru jayil (karsanamaaya parambaraagatha achadakkam nilanirthaan) ennivaykkaayi samarppichirikkunnavam undu. adukkala, nazhsing, aushadhashaala enniva "sarveesas klosttaril" pravarthichu.
saan francisco dii ktuttoyude vasthuvidyaa samuchayam athinte nagara paristhithiyumaayi bandhappettirikkendathu. puramlokavumaayulla bandhathe nirvachikkunna moonnu edangalunda
shaili.
basilikkayude nirmmaanathinu 150 varshathinide athinte yadhaartha padhathikal vividha maattangalkk vidheyamaayi. bhookamba naashanashtangalum kalayudeyum samskaarathinteyum parinaamavum kaaranam palathavana eee mattangal "akramasakthavum vazhithettikkappettathum" aayirunnu, oduvil innu namukkariyavunna eathaandu saaramaya roopathilethi; athukondaanu colonial hyspanic american vaasthuvidyayile ettavum pradhanappetta kettidangalilonnaanu saan francisco.
basilikkayude munbhagam thekke amerikkayil aadyamaayi eee bhookhandathile eee shailiyude oru paraamarshamaayi marria reethi gadakangalude aadyakaala saannidhyathe prathifalippikkunnu. navothaanatthinte theevrathayum bahyamaaya perumattavum palliyude aantharika alankaaravumaayi vyathyaasappettirikkunnu, athil mudejar, barok shailikal swarnna ilayumaayi kalarthi asaadhaaranamaaya oru mahathvam nalkunnu.
saan francisco athinte moonnu guhakalil mudejar artisonado melkoora, aadambaramayi alankaricha balipeetangal, vividha shailikalulla nirakal enniva anaachaadanam cheiyunnu. gaayakasamghathil, 16-aamm noottaandinte avasaanam muthalulla yadhaarthamaaya mudejar alankaaram, oru bhookambathil central nevine thakarkkukayum 1770-ll oru barok cofferred sealing upayogichu maattisthaapikkukayum cheythathinaal kedukoodaathe thudarunnu. attathu mudejar sealingukal, central nevile barok, uyarnna balipeetathinte madhyabhaagathekku nokkunna chithrangal, mascaronukal, keroobukal enniva niranja balipeetangal.
pradhana kalppanayude vasthuvidyaa soundaryam verittunilkkunna konventumaayi samuchayam poortthiyaayi, vishalamaaya muttathinu chuttum rund superimposed gaalarikalaayi krameekarichirikkunnu.
villaasikalude chaappal.
pathinezhaam noottaandinte randaam pakuthiyile ettavum sradheyamaaya cases, 1659 november 6 nuu pathinayiram pesso, thante swathukkalkku sensus nikuthikal, prathyekichu kayambe thaazhvarayil sthithicheyyunna hassianda gwatchela, athinte rakshaadhikaariyaayi marria doonn francisco dii villaasisintethaan. addehathinte maranashesham, chaappal addehathinte niyamaanusrithamaaya makkalkk kaimarendathaayirunnu, athu paraajayappettappol, addehathinu swaabhaavikamaayi, nerittulla anantharaavakaashikal illaathathinaal, addeham thante sahodaran juvan dii villaasisine thante pingamiyaayi niyamichu. chaappalinte alankaarachelavu athinte rakshaadhikaari vahikkumennu sthireekarikkappettathil, ivaye kvittovaan sanyasi antonio rodriguesine ealppichirunnu.
1939-ll chaappalinte mail avakashangal avakashappetta francisco dii villaasisinte chila anantharaavakaashikalumaayi sanyaasimaarkk budhimuttukalundaayirunu. avarude udamasthathayilulla kripttinekkurichum ekadesham aarr varsham munbu konvent shree. eee sthalathinu avakashamulla anantharaavakaashikal illennu vishwasicha borja chiriboga. mathavishwaasikale samskaricha vishudhamandirathinu pinnile pazhaya kuzhimaadam panamaayi pathinayiram suurarukal nalkunnathinupakaram vaagdaanam cheytha oru karar sweekarikkaathathiloode chaappalinte rakshaadhikaarikalkk avarude avakashangal nashtappettu. eee reethiyil, 1947-ll, kramatthinte oru pothu prakriyaykkullil, athinte kalaparamaaya nidhikale vilamathikkunnathinayi, samooham eee sthalathinte attakuttappanikalum krameekaranangalum etteduthu. eee varsham october 26 nuu, athu vishudha hridayathinte aaraadhanaykkaayi samarppichu anugrahikkapettu.
saragosa thooninte chaappal.
pradhana balipeetathinte idathuvashathulla "santa maartha chaappal", "dell comulgatorio" allengil "dell santisimo", pathinettaam noottaandinte randaam pakuthi muthal speyinil ninnu friar jose dii villamar maldonado konduvanna saragosa sthambhathile anugraheethayaaya nammude sthreeyude prathimayude aaraadhanaykkaayi samarppichirunnu, ithu silpiyaaya pedro dii menayude srishtiyude krithyamaaya pakarppaan. 1671ll saahodaryam sthaapikkappedukayum moonnu varshathinu sesham moonnaam nirayile pazhaya nilavara athinte sahodaranmaarkku nalkukayum cheythu. pathonpathaam noottaandinte pakuthi vare ithu praabalyatthil undaayirunnuvennum 1848ll avasaanathe sahodaranmaare rajisttar cheythathaayum vyakthamaan.
kaantunayile chaappal.
yadhaarthathil "chaappal oof laa cophradia dii laa veracruz dii naturals" ennu vilikkappettirunna ithu aatriyathinte thekke attathu sthithicheyyunna konventinte side chaappalukalilonnaan, ithu dukhangalude lady, vishudha luke dhii evaanchalist ennivarude aaraadhanaykkaayi samarppichirikkunnu.
1581ll athinte nirmmaanam aarambhicha kvitto nagaratthile ettavum vaidagdhyamulla thaddesheeya shilpikalum chithrakaaranmaarum ulppetta "veracruz dii naachuralasinte saahodaryam" francisconmark kaimari. pathinezhaam noottaandinte avasaanathil ithu "fraansiskan moonnaam kramatthinum" "laa virjan dii loss doloresinte saahodaryathinum" kaimari. chaappal athulyamaaya aabharanangalude aadhikaarikamaaya oru shekharamaakki maattunnathiloode veracruzile saahodaryam akarshikkappettu, athinaal oayil paintingukal, frescokal, shilpangal ennivayulppede athinte thudakkam muthal sookshichirunna kalaa shekharam, amerikkayile ettavum manoharamaaya onnaayi avar prashasthi nalki, akkaalathe ecodorianmaar "sisteen chaappal oof america" enna peru nalki.
colonial kvitto school oof aarttinte chithrangal nalkia polychrome maratthile ettavum manoharamaaya silpangalilonnaayi kanakkaakkappedunna pithaav carlos kothiyeduttha suvisheshakanaaya vishudha lookkinte manoharamaaya shilpam pradhana balipeetathil veracruz dii naachuralasinte saahodaryam simhasanasthamaakki, athu ippozhum athinte balipeetathil kaanaan kazhiyum. ennirunnaalum, 1763 aayappozhekkum thaddesheeyaraayavarkku ellah avakashangalum nashtappettu, thudarchayaaya utharavukaliloode chithrakaaranmaarudeyum shilpangaludeyum saahodaryathinte rakshaadhikaariyaaya nammude dukhithayaaya sthreeyude aaraadhanaykk anumathi nalkappettu, ennaal eee vellakkarum mestisos kaalakramena kooduthal anthass nedi.
kvitto raajyathile aadyakaala charitrakaaranaaya pithaav juvan dii velasco shekharicha aitihyam anusarichu, huwalkayude makanaayirunnu kaantuna, spanish athyaagrahathil ninnu avare mochippikkunnathinaayi kvittoyude nidhikal maraykkaan ruminahuvine sahaayikkumaayirunnu. oru thaddesheeya vyakthi maathramaanengilum thaan chelavazhicha saadhanangalude rahasyam velippeduthaan orikkal abhyarthicha kaantuna, thaan pishaachumaayi oru karar undakkiyathaayi paranju. orupakshe atharamoru karaaril ninnu svayam mochippikkunnathinaayi, chaappal poortthiyaayathum annumuthal addehathinte peru vahikkunnathumaaya cantuna thante pokkattil ninnu dhaaraalam panam upayogichu sahakarichu.
soundaryaparamaaya kazhchappadil, "kaantuna chaappal" ennathu vaariyellukalum loonattukalum ulla orotta nilavarayulla oru cheria palliyaan. naav ulla orotta body roopappeduthunna presbiteric mukalil oru vilakku ulla oru thaazhikakkudam kidakkunnu, athiloode muzhuvan sthalavum niraykkunna prakasham filter cheiyunnu. athinte pinbhaagathu vishudhamandiravum, naabhiyil praveshikkumbol, chaappalinte praveshana kavaadatthinte valathuvashath sthaapichirikkunna oru padikaliloode athicherunna oru cheria gaayakasamghavumundu. gadanaaparamaaya laalithyathe abhimukeekarikkumbol, kaantunayil speshyal oorganaiseshanum alankaaravum thammilulla avyakthatha vyakthamaan, ithu pradhana sabhayilennapole pathinettaam noottaandil aazhathilulla parivarthanangalkku vidheyamaayi. pradhana balipeetatthinte balipeetavum palpittum chernnaanu sthalathinte ettavum rasakaramaaya alankaara ghadakam. bernardo dii legarda factory pathinettaam noottaandinte randaam pakuthiyil "laa virjan dii loss dolorasinte saahodaryam" nediya valia anthassumaayi bandhappettirikkunnu. eee savisheshamaaya barok balipeetathil, chithrangalekkaal alankaara gadakangalude vyakthamaaya aadhipathyamund; athinte kendrasthaanathu sthaapichirikkunna manoharamaaya kalwari group (athil dukhatthinte sthree oru bhagamaanu) ithinu poorakamaanu, ithu maasttarinum avakaashappettathaan. nirakal, paanalukal, fries, cornis, kamaanam, final, dussen kanakkinu manoharamaaya gadakangal enniva legarda kothivachittundu. edanaazhikalum alamaarakalum thante swantham manoharamaaya silpangalaal niranjirikkunnu; oduvil kendrasthaanathinu kannaadikaludeyum velliyudeyum oru chattakkood nalkikkond addeham eee koottam poortthiyaakki.
kaantunayile chappalil kaaspikaarayude srishtikal undu, athil addehathinte oru maastarpees ulppedunnu "sent fraansiste murivukalude bhavam", bhakthipoornamaaya vikaaram niranja oru yojicha samgham, athinte paryavasanam vedanayilum prakaashatthilum nashtappetta vishudhante prashamsaneeyamaaya aavishkaaramaanu. valarekkaalamaayi pithaav carlosine thettayi visheshippichirunna "alkaantaarayile vishudha peettar" yude prathimayum sradheyamaanu.
kalaasrishtikal.
mathilukalkkullil jananavum vikasanavum kanda prashastha colonial kvitto school oof aarttinte thottilayathinaal, saan francisco complexes eee kalaa prasthaanatthinte ettavum valia gaalariyaanennathil samshayamilla. 16-aamm noottaandinum 18-aamm noottaandinum edayilulla kaalaghattatthe ulkkollunna 3,500-ladhikam vasthukkal ivideyundu.
shilpam.
oru valia barok balipeetam aadhipathyam pulartthukayum swarnna ila kondu moodappedukayum cheiyunna saan fraansiskoyude pradhana balipeetathil, bernardo dii legarda "virjin oof kvitto", pithaav carlosinte "jeesas dell graan podder" ennivayude shilpangal verittunilkkunnu; iruvarum colonial kvitto school oof artile pramukha amgangalaanu.
saan francisco samuchayathil ettavum amgeekarikkappetta silpangalil onnu namukkunda
shilpiyude aswasthayaaya penkuttiyude anantharavalaayirikkumaayirnu kvittoyude kanyakayude shilpathinte chalanathmakatha, athinte pakarppukal kvitto kaunsilil ninnu videsha athidhikalkku oru pratheekathmaka sammaanamaayi mariyirikkunna tharatthilulla drishya aakarshanam srishtikkunnu. spanish seville unarthunna ettavum shudhamaaya madhyakala shailiyil, kurukhosinteyum pashchaathaapakkaarudeyum pravartthanatthil janapriya vibhaagangale orumichu konduvarunna eekwaadorile good friedayile rund valia matha ghoshayaathrakalilonninte pradhana pratheekamaanu jeesas dell graan podder.
palliyude iruvashathumulla guhakalil swarnna ila kondu pothinja balipeedangalil sthaapichirikkunna vishudharude shilpangal niranjirikkunnu, avarude munnil noorukanakkinu vishwasthar athbhuthakaramaaya "madhyasthatha" abhyarthikkaan ellah divasavum muttukutthi nilkkunnu.
painting.
saan fraansiskoyile sanyasi, purohita samuchayam oru valia art galleryaanu, athil prashastha kvittovan, europian chithrakaaranmaarude dussen kanakkinu paintingukal pradharshippichirikkunnu; ennaal athinte pradhana aakarshanam colonial kvitto school oof artle ulppetta kruthikalaanu, eee konventinte muttangalil janicha oru shaili, athinte prashasthi athirthikal marikadannu, innu lokamembaadumulla pradhana myoosiyangalil kaananakum.
saan fraansiskoyude ettavum prasakthamaaya chithrarachanakalil, namukk undu
pathinezhaam noottaandil magwal dii saanthiyagoyumaayi bandhapetta 16 chithrangalude oru parambarayum konvent sookshikkunnu. dhii life oof seyint francis oof aseesi" ennariyappedunna eee parambara, pradhana klosttarinte edanaazhikalil sthithicheyyunna vividha kalakaaranmaarude 27 valia eesel kaanvaasukalude oru shekharamaanu.

