
ernst buchner (curator)

oru jarmman museum administrettarum kalaa charithrakaaranumaayirunnu ernst buchner (20 march 1892-3 juun 1962). berlin museum shringalayude thalavan kazhinjaal randaam sthaanathulla jarmman arts administreshante bavarian stettu painting shekharangalude directoraayirunnu addeham. 1933ll addeham naasi partyil chernnu, jootha kala pidichedukkunnathil oru punk vahichu, oduvil jarmman shekharangaleyum yudhathile naasha bheeshaniyil ninnu naasi kollayeyum samrakshikkunnathil utharavaadiyaayirunnu. yudhaananthara denasification vichaaranaykk sesham addeham thante currier pradhaanamaayum punaraarambhichu.
aadyakaala jeevitam.
oru chithrakaarante makanaaya jorg buchner, 1914ll yuddham pottippurappedunnathu kalaacharitram padikkunnathinaayi myoonikkile ludwig maximilian sarvakalashaalayil chernnu. addeham oru peeranki unitinaayi sannadhatha prakadippikkukayum naalu varsham sainyathil chelavazhikkukayum rund irumbu kurishukalum mattu avaardukalum nedukayum cheythu. 1919ll addeham sarvakalaashaalayilekk madangiyethi kalacharithrakaaranaaya heinrich wolflinte vidyaarthiyaayi. moonnu varshathinullil jaann polaakkinekkurichulla prabandham poortthiyaakkiya addeham bavarian kalayil vidagdhanaayirunnu. kalaabharanathil rakshaakarthruthva bandhangal vikasippikkunnathil samarthanaaya addeham 1921-ll bavarian stettu painting shekharangalil ("bayerishe staatsjemaaldesaamgam" ennu churukkatthil bsgs ennu vilikkunnu) oru inten aayi aarambikkukayum adutha kurachu varshathekku myoonichu myoosiyangalil juuniyar sthaanangal vahikkukayum 1926-ll bsgyil curettarum 1928-ll walraf-richarts myoosiyathinte director aayi.
randaam lokamahaayudhathinu munbum sheshavum naasi arts administration.
buchnarude moorchayulla currier shradha, addehathinte pandithochithamaaya vaidagdhyavum bandhangalum, 1932 joolaiyil bavarian stettu painting shekharangalude directorshippil kalaashichu. alte pinacothech, nyoo pinacothech, nyoo staatsgalari, vividha pravishya myoosiyangal ennivayulppede pathinanju myoosiyangalude melnottam vahicha jarmman arts administrationil ithu ettavum muthirnna rolukalilonnaanu. 1933 march 1nuu aarambhicha addeham krithyam rund maasathinu sesham naasi partyil amgamaayi, athu addeham oru currier neekkamaayi kanakkakki. addehathinu moonnu kuttikalundaayirunnu, avarellam atharam amgathvam aavashyamaayi varunnathinu munbu hitlar yoothu allengil penkuttikalude associationil chernnu. 1943 maarchil munichil nadanna bombaakramanatthil addehathinte makanu parikkettu.
aadhunika jarmman kalayekkurichu uyarnna abhiprayam pulartthiyirunna buchnerinu deseeyavaada pravanathakalundaayirunnu. yudhaananthara art lutering investigation yoonittinte reportil "oru valia germmaniyil addehathinte sthiramaaya vishwaasam-fuherer frederic dhii grettu, vilyam dhii second, allengil hitlar aakatte" ennu paraamarshichu. ennirunnaalum, maiks libermanteyum edward manchinteyum kruthikale prathirodhichukondu addeham aadhunikavaadathodum "adhapathicha kalayodum" bharanathile palarekkaalum sathrutha kuranjirunnu. addeham vinsent vaan gogine france markineyum polum abhinandichu. ennirunnaalum, kooduthal "aadima" aavishkaaravaadikalaaya kalakaaranmaaril allengil puthiya vasthunishtatha prasthaanatthil addehathinu thaalpparyamundaayirunnil. 1935ll oru pradarshanathinulla emil noldeyude abhyarthana addeham nirasichu.
naasi vishwaasangal aantharikamaakkiyathode buchner joothanmarodu sahathapam kuranju. joothanmaaril ninnu gestappo pidicheduttha kalaasrishtikal addeham bavarian deseeya myoosiyathil sookshichirunnu. oduvil, yujeen delacroixinteyum wilhem trabnerinteyum kashanagal ulppede gestappoyil ninnu nerittu swantham museum shekharangalkkaayi addeham kandukettapetta kala vaangi. mattoru badal pidichedukkal aayirunnappol, vilapeshal vilaykk thangalude kalaasrishtikal wilkan addeham joothanmaare bodhyappedutthi.
jarmman kalayil amithamaya thaalpparyamundaayirunnathil mosham vyapaarangal nadathunnathil buchner ariyappettirunnu. mathiyas grunewald (samshayaaspadamaaya aadhikaarikathayude oru panalinu), hans thoma, woolf huber, johann jacob sailer thudangiya kalaakaaranmaarkk pakaramaayi addeham raffle, rubens, renoire, moonat enniva upayogichu kashanagal vibhajichu. eee vyapaarangal museum jeevanakkar ippozhum "duranthangal" ennu oormmikkunnu, innu polum kurachu ettedukkalukal pradarshippichittundu.
yudhathil ninnu surakshithamaayi nilkkunnathinaayi beljiyathil ninnu aalillaatha francilake maattiya vaan aikkinte ghent balipeetathinaayi thirachil nadatthaan buchnerinode utharavittu. 1942 juunil raich chansalary jarmmaniyilekku kondupokunnathinu utharavidunnathuvare balipeetam fraansile paavile oru praadeshika myoosiyathil sookshichirunnu. franch sahakaranathodeyaanu kaimaattam nadannathenkilum, pidichedukkalinte lakshyam painting samrakshikkuka maathramaanennu buchner saakshyappeduthi, charitrakaaranaaya jonathan petropolos parayunnathanusarichu, athu "[athra avyakthamalla]"... jarmmankaar eee maastarpeesinte udamasthaavakaasham avakaashappedukayaanennu ". luvanile dirk bouttukalude "avasana athaazha" trippich pidichedukkunnathinulla samanamaaya oru paryaveshanathinum buchner neethrthwam nalki.
randaam lokamahaayudhathile bombaakramanangal kalaa shekharangalkku kedupaadukal varuthum ennu bheeshani uyarthiyathode naasikal avarude shekharangal surakshita sthalangalilekku maatti. paareesile joothanmaaril ninnu edutha kala duchou kottaratthilo nyoosvaanstain kottayilo sookshikkanamennu buchner shupaarsha cheythu. randaamathethu 1941 eprilode thiranjedukkukayum pidicheduttha kalaykkoppam bsgs shekharangalil ninnulla ekadesham 2,000 kashanagal avidekku maattukayum cheythu. (bii. ezz. jii. siyude directorship avasaanikkumbozhekkum museum shringalayil ekadesham 12,000 paintingukal undaayirunnu.) 1943 desemberil avide sanjarichu athinte anuyojyatha avalokanam cheiyunnathinaayi althousikku sameepam oru uppu khani upayogikkaan shupaarsha cheytha oru samithiyil buchner undaayirunnu. naasikal aathyanthikamayi 6,577 paintingukalum 137 silpangalum mattu kalakalude 484 pettikalum alttousiyil sambharichu, yudhathil undaaya naashanashtangalil ninnu bsg shekharangalkku valare kurachu maathrame nashtamundaayulloo. yuddham germmany baadhichathode, sambharana sthalangalude vidiyekkurichulla paarttikkullile samgharsham buchner ozhivaakki. khanikal sakhyakakshikalkk keezhilakkaan saadhyathayundengil avaa pottitherikkaan padhathiyundaayirunnu (avar athu cheythu), pakshe oru sthalavum eee vidhi paalichilla.
yudhaananthara punaradhivasam.
buchner evideyaanennu urappillaatha eathaanum maasangalkk sesham, 1945 juun 18 nuu amerikkakkar addehathe arast cheythu. yuu. esinte rahasyaanveshana vibhagamaaya straattajik sarveesas oafees addehathe chodyam cheythu.ezz. kalaa kolla anweshikkunna oru vibhaagathodukoodiya sarkkar. buchner chodyam cheyyalukaarumaayi sahakarichu, oru oo. ezz. ezz report avarude kandethalukal samgrahikkunnu; eee reportukal moonnaamathe reykkile kalaa charithrakaaranmaarude pradhana praadhamika uravidangalaanu. 1945 meyy maasathil, buchnerine bsgyile thante sthaanathu ninnu neekkam cheythu, federal republic oof germmaniyil veendum oru sivil sarvees udyogasthanaayi jolie cheyyaan aagrahikkunnuvenkil addehathinu denasification prakriyayiloode kadannupokendivarum. 
1948 leeii vichaaranaykkide addeham naasi party oru "sahayaathrikan" ("mitloufar") aayi kanakkakkappettu, anchu vibhaagathilulla vidhinyayangalulla oru samvidaanathile ettavum kuttavimukthamaakkunna randaamathe kandethalaanith. vicharanayilum pathrangalilum addehathinte munkaala pravarthanangalekkurichu vilayiruthal naasi partyodulla addehathinte sahaanubhoothiyumaayi bandhappett "avyakthamaaya perumaattam" kandethi. udaaharanathinu, ghent balithalam veendeduthathinu hitlaril ninnu 30,000 "reachmaarkkukalude" oonareriyam addeham sweekarichirunnuvenkilum, kalayumaayi bandhappett moonnaamathe reachinte ettavum prathyayashaasthraparamaaya theevramaaya sthaanangal ozhivaakkiyathinte bahumati addehathinundaayirunnu. udaaharanathinu, bsgyile directorshippil addeham prathyayashaasthra pradarshanangalkkethire pinmaarukayum angane cheythathinu kadutha vimarshakare neridukayum cheythu.
thante currier punaradhivasippikkan buchner aagrahichu, angane cheiyunnathil addeham valia thothil vijayichu. muun samvidaayakan thante pazhaya sthaanathekku apekshichu, athinu ithinakam oru sthaanamundaayirunnu. athinidayil, thante gaveshanathinu addehathinu sarkkar pinthuna labhichu. oduvil, sthaanamozhiyunnayaal viramichathode, 1953 epril 1 nuu addeham bsgyude thalavanayi veendum niyamithanaayi. ithu vivaadangalkku vazhangunnathayirunnilla. naasi prathyayashaasthrathodulla addehathinte anubhavam aazhathilullathaanennum hitlarude oonareriyathilekkum kala moshanathil addehathinte pankaalithatthilekkum viral choondunnuvennum bhayapettu. 
addehathinte tharkkamillaatha vaidagdhyam, randaam lokamahaayudhasamayathe kalaasrishtikalude samrakshanathil addehathinte punk, takarnna myoosiyangal maattisthaapikkunnath ulppede (avayude yadhaartha vaasthuvidya bahumaanichu) jarmman samskaaram punarnirmmikkanulla addehathinte sthiramaaya thalpparyam enniva anuyaayikal oonnipparanju. vimarsanam addehathinte prashasthiye baadhichu. ippol myoosiyangalude melnottam vahikkunna bavarian vidyaabhyaasa mantraalayam, addehathinte aupachaarika viramikkal prayamaaya 65 vayassinappuram karar neettilla. angane alte pinaakothekkinte veendum thurakkunnathu poortthiyaakkaan kaalavadhi neettikkond 1957 septambaril addeham viramichu. 
jeevithathinte backie kaalam gaveshanathilum ezhuthilum chelavazhicha addeham 1962 juunil jarmman paanal paintinginte anchu vaalyangalulla padanatthil pravartthikkumbol marichu.

