
johne kaundi

chainayile gansu pravishyayile gannaan tibattan svayambharana prefectureile oru bharana jillayaan johne kaundi (koonn, choon, choni ennum ariyappedunnu; praadeshika uchaaranam/txωlnœ/;). gansuvile 58 kaundikalil onnaanith. ithu gannan prefecturinte bhagamaanu. athinte tapal coode 747600 aanu. athinte vistheernnam 100,000-thiladhikam aalukalaanu. ithu liyulinil ninnaan nalkunnathu.
vivaranam.
luu-chuu nadiyude madhyabhaagathinte rund theerangalum kaundi ulkkollunnu. kantri tounum aduthulla johne ashramavum vadakkan theerathaanu. thekk bhaagathulla vashathe thaazhvarakal purathana johne raajyathinte shaakhakalaayirunnu.
charitraparamaaya tibattan yang kudumbapperu shauni tusi.
amdoyile tibattan janathayil, tibattan gaa vamshamo manderine chainees yang vamshamo bharikkunna johne, tibattile gatsang (dii. jii. eiii. shang) kudumbam bharikkunna johne raajyam, soony raajyam, allengil johne raajyam ennariyappedunna oru tusi medhaavithva rajyamaayirunnu. 1404-ll avar ming chakravarthiyaaya yongle eee vastutha ariyikkukayum praadeshika bharanadhikaarikalaayi amgeekarikkappedukayum adhikara mudra yang () enna kudumbapperum nalkukayum cheythu. 1404 muthal 1949 vare yang vamshajar soony bharichu.
joneyile rajaakkanmaarude pattika.
johne raajyathile rajaakkanmaarude pattikayunda
charithram.
1404ll sichuvaanil ninnu parvathangal kadannu kudiyeriya yodhaakkal praadeshika gothrangale keezhadakkiyathinu sesham roopeekaricha oru prathyeka raajyathinte bhaagamaayirunnu johne. johne raajakudumbathinte samakaalika pingaamikal thangalude vamshavali tibattanaanennum thangalude poorvvikar madhya tibattil ninnu sichuvaaniloode kudiyeriyennum avakaashappedunnu.
yonkle chakravarty (meyy 2,1360-august 12,1424) eee adhinivesha yodhaakkalil oraale paarambarya thalavan ("tusi") ennu visheshippichukondu "yang" (") enna kudumbanamavum addehathinte vamshathil oru saamrajya mudra nalki. johne rajaavu (qoo-neey ragyal-poow) thavo nadiyude vadakkan theerathu oru kottaram sthaapichu. yang mudra kaivashamulla kudumbam pathinanjaam noottaandinte arambham muthal 1928 ll lancho gavanmentinte niyanthranatthil varunnathuvare 23 thalamurakalayi oru svayambharana rajyamaayi joneyile 48 tibattan vamshangale bharichu. chainees bharanaadhikaarikalude avakaashavaadangalum kaazhchappaadukalum undaayirunnittum, kwing raajavamshathinteyum republican kaalaghattatthinteyum avasaanathil pala naadodi pradeshangalkkum ganyamaaya "yadhaartha" swaathanthryam undaayirunnu.
kaundiyile aarr ashramangalil, avayellaam tibattan jeluk sthaapanangalaanu, grettu johne monastry.
american sasyashaasthranjanaaya joseph roock ekadesham 2 varsham joneyil (choni, addehathinte aksharavinyaasathil) 1925-26 ll chelavazhichu. addeham praadeshika medhaaviyude (19-aamm thalamurayile "tusi" yang jicking ()) komboundilaanu thaamasichirunnathu, ithu thekkan gansuvineyum kizhakkan khinhaayiyeyumkkurichulla addehathinte paryaveshanatthinte aditharayaayi maari. varnnachitrangal upayogichu chithreekaricha eee "eathaandu anjjaathamaaya tibattan naatturaajyatthinte" samskaarathekkurichulla addehathinte vivaranam "naashanal geographic" ll prasidheekarichu.
2012 leeii kanakkanusarichu, videsha sandarshakarkkaayi johne adachirikkukayaayirunnu.
bharanaparamaya divisionukal.
shuvoni kaundi 11 pattanangalayi 3 tounshippukalum 1 dhaarmika tounshippukalum aayi thirichirikkunnu.