
essen mantri

1958 ll sthaapithamaaya "ruur roopatha" yaaya essen catholica bishappinte aasthaanamaanu essen minsttar (jarmman '), 1958 muthal essen cathedral ('). vishudharaaya cosmas, damian, anugraheeta kanyaka merii ennivarkkaayi samarppichirikkunna palli germmaniyile essen nagaratthinte madhyabhaagathulla bergplatsil nilkkunnu.
munbu 845ll hildeshime bishop altfried sthaapicha essen abbeyude collegiat palliyaayirunnu minsttar, athinu chuttum essen nagaram valarnnu. randaam lokamahaayudhathil thakarnnathin sesham punarnirmmicha ippozhathe kettidam 1275 nuu sesham ilam niramulla manalkkallukond nirmmicha oru gothik haal palliyaan. okdaganal vestt varkkum kripttum orikkal ivide nilakondirunna autooniyan pree-romanesk kettidatthe athijeevichavaraanu. sent prathyeka palli. oru cheria atrium vazhi padinjaaran joliyumaayi bandhippichirikkunna ministtarinte padinjaaran attathaanu johann baptist nilkkunnath-ithu munbu abbeyude prajakalude edavaka palliyaayirunnu. manthriyude vadakku bhaagath orikkal madathe sevichirunna oru klosttar undu.
alpsinu vadakkulla meriyude ettavum pazhaya poornna shilpa roopamaaya swarnna madona mattu nidhikalil ulkkollunna treasuric (domshats) essen minsttar prashasthamaan.
upayoga charithram.
1803 vare foundeshan.
aadyathe palliyude adithara muthal 1803 vare, essen minsttar essen aabeyude abbe pally abbe jeevithathinte kendravumaayirunnu. palli oru edavaka palliyo cathedral palliyo aayirunnilla, marichu pradhaanamaayum madatthile kanyaasthreekale sevichirunnu. athinaal athinte sthaanam oru konvent palliyumayi thaarathamyappeduthaavunnatha, pakshe kooduthal laukika pathippaanu, kaaranam esenile kanyaasthreekal benedikttain niyamam anusarichilla, marichu 816 ll achen syned purappeduvicha vanita sanyasi samoohangalkaayulla canonical niyamamaya "institutio saanktimoniyam" anusarichu. kramatthinte canonical manikkoorukalum pindangalum manthriyilum athupolethanne samudaayathile marichupoya amgangalkkum kramatthinte shreshta sponsermaarkkum avarude poorvvikarkkumulla praarthanakalilum sambhavichu.
patthaam noottaandil madaadhipathiyaaya mathildeyude keezhil ezhupathuvare kaalaghattatthilum pathinaram noottaandil moonnum kaalaghattatthilum sabha sevicha prabhukkanmaril ninnulla kanyaasthreekalude ennam vyathyasthamaayirunnu. unnathamaaya perunnaal divasangalil maathram kramatthe ashrayikkunnavarkkum essen nagaratthile janangalkkumayi palli thurannirunnu. allengil sent charchu. autooniyan snaapanathil ninnu vikasicha johann snaapanakkaaran allengil sent gertrude charchu (ippol maarkkat charchu) avarude aaraadhanaalayamaayi pravarthichu.
parishkaranangal mantriye baadhichilla. nagaram oru swatantra nagaramaano atho kramatthil pedunnathaano ennathinekkurichu kramavumaayi deerghakaalamaayi tharkkam nilanirtthiya essen nagaratthile burgerukal kooduthalum viplavathil chernnu, ennaal kramatthile madaadhipathikalum niyamangalum (athinaal palli kettidangal) catholicaraayi thudarnnu. nagaratthile protestant burgerukal aabiyude kettidangalumayi bandhamillaattha innathe maarkkat palliyaya sent gertrude palli etteduthu, athesamayam catholicaraayi thudarnna burgerukal sent burger palli upayogikkunnathu thudarnnu. avarude edavaka palliyayi abbe samuchayathil sthithi cheiyunna johann baptist. kanyaasthreekal manthriyude upayogam thudarnnu.
1803 muthal innuvare.
1803ll prussia raajyam essen abeye madhyasthanaakki. mantriyum athinte ellah swathukkalum udan thanne sent edavaka samooham etteduthu. johann baptist. adutha 150 varshakkalam palli avarude edavaka palliyaayirunnu. sthaapithamaaya minsttar charchu enna peru, oordar nilavilillengilum nilanirtthi. pathonpathaam noottaandilum irupathaam noottaandinte thudakkathilum janasamkhyayil ganyamaaya vardhanavundaaya esente aantharika nagarapradeshathe katholikkare ithu sevichu.
rurinte oru bishoperic sthaapikkaanulla aadya abhilaashangal 1920kalil thakarnnuvenkilum, 1958ll mansttar, paderbone, koloon ennee roopathakalude bhaagangalil ninnu oru puthiya bishoperic roopeekarikkukayum essen minsttarine katheedralaakkukayum cheythu. 1958 januvari 1 nuu eseninte aadya bishappaya france hengsbackine nunsio alossius joseph muench prathishtichu. annumuthal essen minstaraanu roopathayude mathaparamaya hridayam. 1987ll joonn pooll randaaman marpappa nadatthiya sandarshanam manthriyude ayiram varshathe charithratthile uyarnna ghattamayi adayaalappeduthi.
gadanaaparamaaya charithram.
munkaala kettidangal.
cathedralinte sthalam madatthinte aditharayidunnathinu munbuthanne sthirathaamasamaakkiyirunnu. hildeshame bishop altfried (r.847-874) thante estettil "asnide" (i.iii. essen). asnaidinte nerittulla sthireekaranam ithuvare kandethiyitla. ennaal manthristhaanam sthaapikkunnathinu munbu postholukal, merovingian manpaathra sherdukal, shavakudeerangal ennivayil ninnu oru vaasasthalam undaayirunnuvennu nigamanam cheyyaan kazhiyum.
aadyathe palli.
eee sthalathe moonnaamathe palli kettidamaanu aadhunika essen minsttar. athinte mungaamikalude adithara mathilukal 1952 ll walter simmerman khananam cheythu. eee sthalathe aadyathe palli sthaapichathu essen abbeyude sthaapakar, bishop altfried, gersvid ennivaraanu, paarambaryamanusarichu, 845 num 870 num idayil, kramatthinte aadya madaadhipathiyaayirunnu. kettidam padinjaaru-kizhakk dishayilulla moonnu edanaazhikalulla basilikkayaayirunnu. athinte madhyabhagavum vashangalumaya edanaazhikal ithinakam thanne pilkkala pallikalude veethiyilekku ethi. naavinte padinjaaru oru cheruthum eathaandu chathuraakrithiyilullathumaaya narthex aayirunnu. naavinte athe uyaramulla oru chathuraakrithiyilulla crossingle traanseptsinte kaikal. side aysilinte kizhakke attathulla murikal traansepttukalude kaikalil ninnu maathrame axus cheyyaan kazhiyoo. laanginte sameepakaala punarnirmmaanatthilenna, simmerman thante khananathinte adisthaanathilo side koyarinte uyarathilo chinthichathupole eee murikal side edanaazhikalude athe uyarathilaano ennu anishchithathvathilaanu. crossinginu kizhakk ardhavrithaakrithiyilulla attamulla gaayakasamghamundaayirunnu, athinte iruvashathumulla traansepttukalil ninnu axus cheyyaavunna murikalundaayirunnu.
koloon dinavrithaanthamaaya "aastnaid krimabattoor" (essen katthi nashichu) ll rekhappeduthiyittulla 946-leeii oru theepidutthatthil eee aadyathe palli nasippikkappettu.
aadyakaala autooniyan abbe.
puthiya palliyude bhagangalkkaayulla niravadhi samarppana likhithangal 960 muthal 964 vareyulla varshangalil nilanilkkunnu, athil ninnu 946 leeii theepiduttham palliye nasippichuvennu nigamanam cheyyaan kazhiyum. muun palliyil ninnu nilanirtthiyirunna orupakshe, navinum gaayakasamghathinum vendi oru likhithavum nilanilkunnilla. nirmmaanatthinte oro ghattavum anishchithathvathilaanu; chila bhagangal theepiduthatthinu munbu aarambhikkukayo poortthiyaakkukayo cheythirikkaam. palli parisaram vipuleekarikkunnathin aavashyamaaya naveekaranangal prayojanappeduthunnathu asaadhaaranamaayirunnilla. abbussus agaanayudeyum hathwiginteyum kramatthil nirmmicha puthiya bhagangal oru outtar kriptt, oru vestt varkk, oru narthex, sent joonn dhaa baapttistinte oru baahya chaappal ennivayaayirunnu. puraavastu kandethalukalil ninnu eee kettidam punarnirmikkaan kazhiyum, oru neenda nilanilppilla, kaaranam oru puthiya palli sthaapikkappettu, orupakshe kalaye snehikkunna abbez mathildeyude keezhil, pakshe orupakshe abbez theophaanuvinte keezhil (aarr. 1039-1058). orupakshe, mathildeyude keezhil oru puthiya kettidam aarambikkukayum theophaanuvinte keezhil poortthiyaakkukayum cheythirikkaam. puthiya autooniyan kettidatthil ninnu ganyamaaya bhagangal nilanilkkunnu.
puthiya autooniyan palli.
puthiya autooniyan kettidatthinte vipuleekaranam athinte rund mungaamikal munkootty nischayichirunnu. aditharakalude bhooribhaagavum veendum upayogichu; sammarddam vardhichatho floorplan vyathyasthamo aaya sthalangalil maathramaan puthiya adithara paakiyath.
puthiya kettidatthil oru traanseptum munkaala gaayakasamghangal pole aakruthiyilulla oru gaayakasanghavumulla moonnu edanaazhikalum undaayirunnu. gaayakasamghathinu thaazhe ippol oru guha nirmmichittundu. araa dashaamshathinullil pothinja oru ardha vrithaakrithiyilulla apps upayogichu gaayakasangham adachu. rund nilakalulla oru puram kriptt gaayakasanghavumaayi bandhippichirunnu, athinte padinjaaran mathilukal side gaayakasamghangalude kizhakk mathilukal roopappeduthi. balipeetamuriykku aduthulla gopurangal kripttilekku nerittu praveshanam nalki. aduthulla gaayakasamghangalil traanseptukalkkum pradhana gaayakasamghathinum thurannirikkunna matronia undaayirunnu. traansepttukalude attangalude puram mathilukal rund nilakal uyaramullathum mukalile bhagam janalukalulla moonnu edangal chernnathumaayirunnu. thaazhathe nilayil nikkukalum vashathe mathilukalil nikkukalude maathrkayum thudarnnu. eee edangalkku mukalilulla mathilukaliloode oru nadathamaarggam matronium gaalarikalilekku nayikkapettu. vestt varkinum nevinum edayilulla eratta ulkkadal paripalikkappettu. naabhivalangalude ghadana anjjaathamaanu, ennaal mattu pallikale adisthaanamaakkiyulla punarnirmmaanangal, prathyekichu puthiya autooniyan palliyil ninnu pala vashangalilum aakarshikkappedunna susteren abbe, thoonukaludeyum nirakaludeyum kaimaattamaanennu karuthunnu. chuvarukalile chuvarchithrangalude avashishtangal padinjaaran varkkukalil ninnu kandethiyathinal chuvarukalile aarkkedukalkkum janalakalkkum idayil orupakshe chuvarchithrangal undaayirunnirikkam. purathu, naavinte clerstoric pailastarukaludeyum volute capitalukaludeyum gadanayundaayirunnu, orupakshe panthrand janaalakalullathaayirikkam.
vestt varkk.
essen abbe palliyude anjjaatha vaasthushilpiyaanu thante kaalathe ettavum mikacha vaasthushilpikalil oraalenna vishwaasam prathyekichum paashchaathyapravarthanathe adisthaanamaakkiyullathaanu, athu innum sabhayude classic kazhchayaanu. muun pallikalilethupole, padinjaaran panikk naabhiyude edanaazhikalekkaal alppam veethiyundu. purathu ninnu, padinjaaran punny ekadesham chathuraakrithiyilulla oru kendra gopuramaayi kaanapedunnu, oru pyramid melkoorayulla ashtabhujaakrithiyilulla belfree kondu kireedamaniyunnu. padinjaaran attathu belfreeyude padikal adangiya rund ashtabhujaakrithiyilulla gopurangal undaayirunnu, avaa belfreeyude bell storikku thottaduthaayi ethi. central gopuratthinte munny kathaykkum side gopurangalude ettavum mukalile nilakalkkum kamaanamulla janaalakalund. mukalilathe nilayil kamaanamulla janaalakalulla rund nilakalulla vashathulla murikal central gopuratthinte vadakkum thekkum vashangalil gadippichirikkunnu. eee side roomukalude thaazhathe nilayil, edangalil sajjeekarichirikkunna vaathilukal palliyilekku nayikkunnu-munbathe palliyude madhya kavaadam upekshikkukayum athinte sthaanathu valuthum vrithaakruthiyilullathumaaya oru janala sthaapikkukayum cheythu. athode, palliyilekkulla ghoshayaathrayude praveshana kavaadamaayi padinjaaran jolikal pravartthanam nirtthi. pakaram, skvaatt ghadana kettidatthinte valia kizhakk bhaagathekku oru opttikkal kaundarpooyint vaagdaanam cheythu.
purambhaagathu ninnu padinjaaran punny moonnu gopurangalaal nirmmichathaayi thonnunnu, avaa padinjaaran gaayakasamghathe ulkkollunnu, ithu pakuthiyaayi vibhajicha oru crossinginte roopamaanu. samanamaaya ghadana ariyilla. madhya muriyil oru paathayal chuttapetta oru pakuthi shadbhujaakrithiyilulla oru padinjaaran gaayakasanghamundu. padinjaaran mathilinte madhyathil oru paranna idam sthithicheyyunnu, iruvashathumulla gopurangalilekkulla praveshanakavaadangal iruvashathum paranna edangalil sthithicheyyunnu. thoonukalaal pinthunaykkunna oru valia kamaanathiloode padinjaaran punny eratta ulkkadalilekku thurakkunnu. vishudha peettarinu samarppichirikkunna oru balipeetam eee kamaanathinu munnil padinjaaran gaayakasamghathil nilkkunnu. mathilukal avayude nirmmaanatthil achan cathedralinte padinjaaran gaayakasamghathinte maathruka pinthudarunnu, ithu ashtabhujathe oru belfriyaayi upayogikkunnu. thaazhathe nilayil shadbhujaakrithiyilulla thoonukalaal vibhajicha moonnu kamaanangalund. kolannedukalil mukalile nilayude rund thalatthilulla kamana thurassukalundu, nirakalil punarupayogam cheytha purathana thalasthaanangalundu.
vestt varkk sambannamaayi alankarichirunnu, avasana vidhi pakuthi-kupola muthal naav vare varachu. paintinginte kammeeshanaraaya abbez teofanu (daivika prathyakshatha ennartham varunna greekkil ninnulla peru) yosuvinte roopam painting kaanikkunnu (ithu nigamanam cheyyappettu)
kriptt.
kriptt sthaapikkunnathiloode, pradhana (kizhakk) gaayakasamghathinte nila naavinteyum traansepttukaludeyum tharaykku mukalil uyarthi. side gaayakasamghangal naavinteyum traansepttukaludeyum athe nilavaaratthil thudarnnu. agaanayude moonnu edanaazhikalulla kriptt, oru aantharika kriptt, oru panchamukha baahya kriptt enniva kripttil ulppedunnu. akathe kripttilekkulla praveshanam side gaayakasamghathinte kizhakk bhaagathuninnaanu, athiloode oraal puram kripttilekku kadannupoyi. baahya kripttinu chathuraakrithiyilullathum neelamullathumaaya chathuraakrithiyilulla nilavarakal undaayirunnu, avaye sookshumamaaya chathura sthambhangalaal verthirikkunnu. kizhakk moonnu central nilavarakal prathyekichum oonnipparanjirunnu. kizhakke mathilinu kuruke iruvashathumulla nilavarakal ardhavrithaakrithiyilulla edangalaayirunnu. central nilavarayil moonnu edangalulla oru cheria gaayakasamghamundaayirunnu. puramsthambhatthinte kizhakkan mathilinte thoonukalil manalkkall falakangalundu, athil 1051 septambar 9 nuu kripttinte prathishtayude theeyathiyaayi nalkiyirikkunnu. kripttinte balipeedangalil avashishtangalundu.
pinneedu nirmmaanam.
autooniyan palli poortthiyaakki kurachu samayathinu sesham, atrium naveekarichu, orupakshe abbas theophaanuvinte pingamiyaaya suvaanhildinte keezhil. 1471-ll sent charchinte naveekaranavum vipuleekaranavum moolam atrium kuranju. abbeyude prajakalude snapana, edavaka palliyayi pravarthicha johann baptist. allengil atrium 1060 num 1080 num idayil sthaapicha roopam nilanirtthiyekkaam.
panthrandaam noottaandile thekkan traanseptumaayulla oru bandhamaayirunnu palli samuchayathinte adutha vipuleekaranam. eee valia kettidatthinte mukalilathe nilayil "sectorium" undaayirunnu, avide utharavinte rekhakalum niyamangalum sookshichirunnu, athu treasury chambera pravarthichu. athinu thaazhe thuranna haal undaayirunnu, athu pinneedu adachupoottukayum kodathi judicial aavasyangalkkaayi upayogikkukayum cheythu. eee kettidam ippol essen cathedral treasury chembarinte bhagamaanu.
gothik haal palli.
1275ll autooniyan palli katthi nashichu, westwork kripttum maathram avasheshichu. abbess berta voonn arnsberginteyum beatricks voonn holtinteyum kaalath nadanna punarnirmmaanatthil, vaasthushilpi pazhaya palliyude vashangal puthiya gothik shailiyumaayi samyojippichu. koloon cathedralil ninnu thikachum vyathyasthamayi haal palliyude roopam thiranjedutthu-koloninte adhikaarathinulla avakaashavaadangalude aarch bishappine ozhivaakkendivannu, koodaathe kanyaasthreekal avarude kettidatthinte roopathiloode avarude samagrathayum swaathanthryavum prakadippikkaan aagrahichu. rund aarkkitektukal punarnirmmaanatthinaayi parasparam pravarthichu, athil aadyathethu, oru maasttar martin, 1305 ll abbez beatricks voonn holteyumaayulla tharkkangal kaaranam raajivachu. burgandyilum shampainilum ninnulla oru palli nirmmaathaavaayirunna maasttar martin, thante alankaarathinte vishadaamshangal kaanikkunnathupole, koloninteyum trier cathedral nirmmaana varkshoppukaludeyum roopakalppana bhashayum mothatthilulla roopakalppanayude utharavaadithamaayirunnu. ithil aadyam sent vittas palliyaya monchengladback polulla oru neenda gaayakasangham ulppettirunnu. pinneedu maasttar maarttinte niyanthranatthilum sent maarttinte prachodanatthil oru haal palliyilum eee ashayam upekshikkappettu. elisabathinte palliyaya marberg (1235 muthal) nirmikkappettu, ithu puram kripttinu mukalilaanu nirmmichathu. maasttar maarttinte pingamiyekkurichu arivilla. addehathinte roopakalppana bhasha kooduthal sakthamaaya westphalian aanenkilum addeham thante mungamiyude padhathi thudarukayum athu poortthiyaakkukayum cheythu.
ashtabhujathinteyum vashathe gopurangaludeyum yadhaartha, aazhamillaatha melkkoorakalkku pakaram steepar thoppikal sthaapichu; vashathe gopurangalum oru nila kondu uyarthi. crossinginu mukalil gothik palliykk oru gopuram labhichu. klosttarum vipuleekarichu. puthiya kettidam muzhuvan orupakshe 1316 juulai 8 nuu prathishtikkappettu. juulai 8 innuvare manthriyude vaarshikamaayi aaghoshikkappedunnu.
pinneedulla mattangal.
pathinettaam noottaandil sabhaye vaachalamaakki. crossinginu mukalilulla gopuram oru idungiya flatch upayogichu maatti. cathedralinte thekk bhaagathe janalakal veethikoottukayum avayude gothik tracery nashtappedukayum cheythu. padinjaaran panimudakkinte kuthaneyulla melkkoorakal barok ulli thazhikakkudangalaal maattisthaapichu, munny storikku oru clock labhichu. akathalathil pazhaya interior alankaarathinte valiyoru bhagam neekkam cheyyukayum maattisthaapikkukayum cheythu, athinaal gothik alankaarathinte kurachu kashanagal maathrame athijeevichittulloo, avaa sariyaaya pashchaathalatthil illa.
1880-ll gothik savisheshamaaya jarmman vasthuvidyaa shailiyenna aadhunika veekshanam esenil ethi, barok kootticherkkalukal kazhiyunnathra pazhayapadiyaakki. essen aarkkitektum kalacharithrakaaranumaaya jorg humanu athinte gothesisation nadappilakkaan kazhinjappol vestt varkk athinte muun roopathilekku madangi. barok interior decoration neekkam cheythu; oru side balipeetam ippol sent sent palliyude uyarnna balipeetamaayi upayogikkunnu. manthriyude munnil johann snaapanamettavan. chila vishudhaprathimakal avide kaanapedunnu, mattullava cathedral treasury chamberilaanu. barok kashanangalkk pakaram nirmmicha alankaarangal randaam lokamahaayudhathinu irayaayi, athinaal athil kurachu maathrame ippol nilanilkkunnulloo. 1880-leeii naveekarana samayat palliyude nilavile melkoora roopakalppanayum crossingle oru neo-gothik fletch labhichu.
yudhathil naashanashtangalum punarnirmmanavum.
1943 march 5,6 theeyathikalil, royal airforcinte 442 vimanangal crup steel jolikal kaaranam jarmman yudhashramathinu pradhaanamaaya essen nagaratthil raid nadatthi. oru manikorinullil, 137,000 theepidippikkunna bombukalum 1,100 spotaka bombukalum central sittiyil pathichu. manthrikk theepidikkukayum kanatha naashanashtangal sambhavikkukayum cheythu-kettidatthinte ettavum pazhaya bhagangal, westwork, kriptt ennivaykku kaaryamaaya kedupaadukal sambhavichittilla. communist mayer hains renarude keezhil sakhyasenakal nagaram kaivashappeduthiyathinu sesham avar samghadippicha sitti kaunsilinte aadya yogathil punarnirmmikkanulla theerumaanam ekakandamaayi eduthu. yudhathil undaaya naashanashtangal walter simmerman palliyil vipulamaaya puraavastu khananagal nadatthaan sahayichu. aadhunika sabhayude mungaamikalekkurichum sabhayile shavasamskarangalekkurichum iva dhaaraalam vivarangal nalki.
1951ll punarnirmmaanam aarambikkukayum athivegam munnott pookukayum cheythu. 1952 aayappozhekkum vestt verk naavum veendum upayogayogyamayitheerukayum 1958 aayappozhekkum palliyude backie bhagangal punarnirmmikkukayum cheythu. pathonpathaam noottaandil takarnna klosttarukalude vadakku bhagam polum attakuttappanikal nadatthi. muun noottaandile neo-gothik fletchinu pakaram idungiyathum minnal-proof fletch sthaapikkukayum palliyude aadhunika baahya roopam poortthiyaakkukayum cheythu. poornnamaayum attakuttappanikal nadatthiya palli 1958ll puthuthayi sthaapithamaaya essen roopathayude aasthaanamaayi maari.
sameepakaala mattangal.
ottoniyan palliyude paridhikkapuram eee madam orikkalum valarnnilla. oru cathedral aayi parivartthanam cheythathode oru puthiya vipuleekaranam aavashyamaayi vannu. aadyathe bishappaya cardinal france hengsback thante jeevithakaalathu thante cathedral pallikkullil samskarikkanulla avakasham upayogikkaan aagrahikkunnuvennum ennaal sent altfriedinoppam autooniyan kripttil allennum paranju. eee aagraham niravettunnathinaayi, pazhaya padinjaaran joliyil praveshanamulla oru padinjaaran kriptt 1981 num 1983 num idayil cathedral aarkkitekt hains bohman aatriyathinu keezhil sthaapikkukayum kaast konkreett shilpam kondu alankarikkukayum cheythu. episcopal chaarittiyude sahasthaapakanaayirunnu cardinal hengsback enna vastutha prathifalippikkunna eee advaniot kripttil, madhyakaalakhattathil aatriyathil kuzhichittathum khananathinide kandethiyathumaya oru kaanoninte avashishtangal kuzhichumoodukayum 1991 ll kardinaalineyum avide samskarikkukayum cheythu.
2004 october 10 nuu, puthuthayi nirmmicha thekk vashathe chaappal 2001 ll beatify cheyyappetta nicolas grossinte oormmaykkum aaraadhanaykkum samarppichu.
alavukal.
muzhuvan pally, sent pally. munvashathulla johann baptistinu 90 meter neelamundu. cathedral treasuryude thudakkathil traansepttukalil 24 muthal 31 meter vare veethi vyathyaasappedunnu. uyaravum vyathyaasappedunnu
manthriyude valippam ekadesham 45,000 chathurashra meterum kallukalude alavu ekadesham 10,000 chathurashra meterumaanu. kettidatthinu ekadesham 25,000 tonn bhaaramund.
fittingukal.
pathinettaam noottaandile vaakchaathuryathinteyum pathonpathaam noottaandile punargodheekaranatthinteyum irupathaam noottaandile yudhathinte naashathinteyum falamaayi, manthriyude munkaala fittingukalil kurachu kashanagal maathrame ulloo, ennaal chila valia praadhaanyamulla avashishtangal nilanilkkunnu. cathedralinte rund pradhana madhyakala kalaasrishtikalude thilakkam athine marikadakkunnathinaal athinte sookshumamaaya soundaryam niravadhi sandarshakar avaganikkunnathinaal interior thaarathamyena lalithamaanu, prathyekichu athinte vaasthuvidyayil.
cathedral treasury.
pothujanangalkkayi thurannirikkunna oru cathedral treasury manthriyude kaivashamund. sabhayude ettavum pradhanappetta nidhiyaya golden madona 1959 muthal vadakku bhaagathe chappalil pradarshippichittundu. roopathayude rakshaadhikaariyaaya vishudhayaya meriyude lokathile ettavum pazhakkam chenna poornnamaayum silpikkappetta prathimayaanith. 74 centimeter uyaramulla svarnnamulla poplarinte roopam, abbez mathildeyude kaalaghattatthil ninnullathaanu, koodaathe meriye oru swargeeya raajnjiyaayi chithreekarikkunnu, thante makanu vendi bhoomiyude mail adikaaram vahikkunnu. autooniyan rajavamshavumaayulla mathildeyude bandham kaaranam yadhaarthathil ghoshayaathrakalil nadathiyirunna eee chithram orupakshe esenil sthaapichirikkaam. ayiram varshathilere pazhakkamulla eee kanakk 2004ll samagramaayi punasthaapichu.
padinjaaran nirmmaanatthinte madhyathil 973num 1011num idayil madaadhipathiyaaya mathilde nirmmicha ezhu kaii mezhukuthiri ippol nilakollunnu. 1.88 meter neelamulla 2.26 meter uyaramulla mezhukuthiri 46 vyakthigatha kaast venkala kashanagal chernnathaanu. mezhukuthiri athinte naalu pradhana pooyintukalulla thrimoorthikaludeyum bhoomiyudeyum aikyatheyum avasana vidhiyil (velipaad pusthakam) vishwaasikale veettilekku nayikkunna lokathinte prakashamenna kristhuvinekkurichulla ashayatheyum pratheekappeduthunnu.
kuttikkaalatthe kireedamaaya ottoo III, naalu ottoniyan ghoshayaathra cross, vishudharaaya kosmaasinteyum damienteyum deerghakaalamaayi bahumaanikkappedunna vaal, teofanu suvisheshangalude puramchatta, niravadhi gothik aam-relikarikal, lokathile ettavum valia burgundian faibula brochukalude shekharam, grettu carolingian suvisheshangal enniva cathedral treasuryile mattu sradheyamaaya enangalil ulppedunnu.
idayude koolam.
manthriyil nilanilkkunna ettavum pazhaya phitting gaayakasamghathile nirayaanu, athu ippol oru aadhunika crucificine pinthunaykkunnu. pathinanjaam noottaand vare ithu oru gopuramulla chembu sheett pooshiya oru crossine pinthunaykkukayum athil ninnu sambhavana plettum orupakshe cathedral treasuryile mattu avashishtangalum nirmmikkukayum cheythu. laattin likhithamaaya "istam crusum (i) daa abetissa pharii yusitt" (abbez ida eee kurish nirmmikkaan utharavittu) srashtaavine 971 ll maricha essen abez idayumaayi thirichariyaan anuvadikkunnu, ennirunnaalum abbez theophaanuvinte sahodari, ida, sent. kolonile maria inn kaapittolum nirddeshikkappettittund. eee nira orupakshe purathana spoliayaayirikkaam, ithu pullaankuzhal peedavum nirayude adayaalavum adisthaanamaakkiyullathaanu. purathana kaalaghattatthil kothiyeduthathaanu thalasthaanam, ennaal aaa kaalaghattatthil asaadhaaranamaamvidham sambannamaayi kothiyedutthirunnu. shailiparamaayi ithu padinjaaran attatthinteyum kripttinteyum thalasthaanangalumaayi bandhappettirikkunnu, athupole thanne verden aabeyude ludgeriden kripttinteyum essen-verdonile sent lucius palliyudeyum thalasthaanangalumaayi bandhappettirikkunnu.
altfriedinte shavakudeera smaarakam.
kizhakkan kripttil hildeshame bishappinteyum essen sthaapakanteyum chunnaambukallu gothik palli smaarakamund, ithu 1300 kaalaghattatthil abbez beatricks voonn holteyude keezhil nirmmichathaakaam. kolonile vishudharude shavakudeerangalumaayi, prathyekichu sent sentsinte shavakudeeravumaayi shavakudeerathinte sradheyamaaya saamyam adisthaanamaakkiyullathaanu eee theeyathi. koloon cathedralile irmard.
kooduthal kalaasrishtikal.
thekkan bhaagathe chaappalile "kristhuvinte shavakudeeram" (grablegang kristti) ennu vilikkappedunna manalkkall shilpa samgham gothik kaalaghattatthinte avasaanathil ninnullathaanu. pathinaram noottaandinte aadya paadatthil ithu srishticha anjjaatha koloon maasttar "carbon smaarakathinte maasttar" enna perilaanu ariyappedunnathu. pathinaram noottaandinte thudakkathil nirmmicha mattoru shilpam 1500 nuu thottupinnaale nirmmicha manthriyude vadakke mathilile vishudha sahayiyaaya vishudha rochinte silpamaanu.
barok kaalaghattatthe essen minsttaril rund epithaafukal prathinidheekarikkunnu. 1614ll maricha abbas elisabath voonn berg-s heerenberghinte pazhayathil supradhana navothaana gadakangal adangiyirikkunnu. aant verppil karutha marble kondu nirmmicha eee phalakam vashathe ulkkadalinte kizhakk vadakke mathilil kaanapedunnu, koodaathe avalude audyogika vasthrathil abbez avalude poorvvikarude kottukalaal chuttappettirikkunnu. randaamathe epithaf johann mouritts greeningerinu avakashappettathum avayava lofttinte vadakke mathilil kaanapedunnathumaaya abbez anna salom voonn saalm-refershadintethaanu.
yudhathil kedupaadukal sambhavichathinal, manthrikk madhyakala jalakangalilla. ennaal punarnirmmaana samayat kammeeshan cheytha aadhunika kalaasrishtikalil, palliyude puthiya janaalakalum aadhunika vishudha kalayum undaayirunnu, athu kettidatthinte pazhaya gadakangalumaayi poruthappedanam. sent mikkilinte janaalakalum galleryude janalukalum heinrich campendonginte, ludwig geesinte gaayakasamghathinte janaalakalum wilhem bushultinte naavinte janaalakalum kripttinte janaalakalum alfred maanessiyarintethaan. shilpi elmar hillebrandinteyum addehathinte vidyaarthi ronald hugsinteyum srishtiyaanu balipeetam. aatriyathinteyum palliyudeyum venkala vaathilukalum naavile kurishinte steshanukal chithreekarikkunna friesukalum austriyan kalakarante srishtikalaanu.
avayavangal.
manthriyude puthiya oorgan 2004 ll udghaadanam cheythu. france reeger sthaapicha shwarsakkile prashastha oorgan builder regaraanu ithu nirmmichathu. rund avayavangal ulkkollunna eee upakaranathinu mothatthil 69 stoppukalundu (5,102 paippukal, 95 avayava stoppukal).
pradhana upakaranam gaayakasamghathinte melkkoorayilaan sthithi cheiyunnathu. ithinu 3 maanuval divisionukalilum pedal divisionilum 57 stoppukalundu, koodaathe sahaaya oorgan kalikkaan kazhiyunna naalaamathe maanuvalund.
cathedralinte padinjaaran bhagathaanu ooksilari oorgan sthithi cheiyunnathu. patthu stoppukalulla moonnu maanuval divisionukalum rund stoppukalulla pedal division cathedralinte pinbhaagathu shabdam srishtikkunnathil pradhana punk vahikkunnu. athinte uyarnna mardhavum bombard stoppukalum prathyeka sooloo efakttukalkkullathaanu. moonnu maanuval divisionukal pradhana kansolinte naalaamathe maanuvalil kalikkaam, oronnum athinte mattu maanuvalukalumayi vevvere jodiyaakkaanum kazhiyum.
manikal.
vestt varkkinte belfreyilum crossinginu mukalilulla fletchilum manikalundu. attached palliyaya sent ring cheiyunnathiloode manthriyude ring tonelaayi vikasippikkunnu. 1787ll adikkunna munny, manthriyude kurachu pazhaya manikalumaayi tonely poruthappedunnilla, athinaal avaa orumichu ring cheyyumbol cheria sangeetha ashudhi undaakum.
padinjaaran velayil moonnu valia manikalundu. pathimoonnaam noottaandinte avasaanathil thanne ettavum pazhaya munny nilavilundaayirunnu. kristtam dii ligno klamaantam dumm sono signo" (njaan shabdam cheyyumbol, kristhu kurishiloode vilikkunnuvennu njaan soochippikkunnu) enna likhitham athil undu. athinte nirmmaanatthil ithu oru aadyakaala gothik three chaim bell aanu. maribel" aanu ettavum valia munny. 1546ll ithu nirmmichathaanennu parayunna oru neenda likhitham athil undu. aadhunika burgplatsil thanne munny nirmmichathaanu. padinjaaran varkkile moonnaamathe manikk oru likhitamilla, pakshe athinte aakruthi pathinalam noottaandaayi adayaalappeduthunnu.
1955ll bell sthaapakar pettitt & gebar erinja moonnu manikal koodi eee flechil undu. avarude foundari sent munny ittirunnathinaal, athuvazhi avarude foundari munny nirmmaana paarambaryatthilekku thirike konduvanna gesharinte edelbrock. 1787-leeii johann snaapanakkaaran. eee rund manikalum "away maria trosttarin 1955" (heyil merii, kaunsilar, 1955), "away maria konigin 1955" (heyil merii, kween, 1955) enningane alekhanam cheythittundu. flechile moonnaamathe maniyil "veyu gettu well deanen dee bide voor dii kresttan sealen enn 1522" (daivathe nannayi sevikkunnavan kristhyan aathmaakkalkkaayi praarthikkunnu, oo (yur loard) 1522-leeii vaii (chevi)) enna likhitham undu.
cathedral adhyayam.
cathedral provosttinte melnottatthil aarr resident cathedral capitulaar vikaarikalum naalu noonn resident cathedral capitulaar vikaarikalum essen cathedral adhyaayathil ulppedunnu. nilavil rund resident thasthikakalum oru noonn resident tasthikayum ozhinjukidakkukayaanu.
1929leeii udambadi prakaram, uyarnna palliyile aradhana chadangukal, oru diosession administrette thiranjeduppu, roopathayude sarkkaarile bishappine upadeshikkukayum pinthunaykkukayum cheyyuka, cathedral treasuryude maanejment ennivayumaayi bandhapetta nilavilulla kadamakalkoppam bishappine thiranjedukkaanulla avakasham eee adhyaayathin nalki.
2005 muthal, 1993 muthal 2004 vare pathinonnu varshakkalam cathedral adhyaayathin neethrthwam nalki viramicha gunder bergausinte pingamiyaayi cathedral provost essen, prelate otmar viyathinte sivik deanaanu.
paraamarshangal.
kurippukal
srothassukal