
hyoog dii courtaine, devoninte onpathaam/onpathaam earl

hyoog dii courtaine, 1st/9th erl oof devon (14 septambar 1276-23 desember 1340), twerton kaasil, okehaamptan kaasil, plimpton kaasil, colcomb kaasil ennivayile ellaavarum devonile, okehaamptanile fudal baaran, plaimpttanile fudal baaran ennivaraayirunnu oru engleesh prabhukkan. 1335-ll, orikkal neekkam cheyyappetta addehathinte randaamathe cussin isabelle dii redvezhsinte maranathinu naalppathiyonnu varshangalkk sesham, "swamedhayaa" devoninte ettaamathe kaundas (maranam 1293) addehathe audyogikamaayi devoninte erl aayi prakhyaapichu, ennirunnaalum oru puthiya srishtiyaayaalum avalkk thudarchayaayi vannalum anjjaathamaanu, athinaal eee courtney erldominu badal oordinal nambarukal nilavilundu.
uthbhavam.
1276 septambar 14 nuu devon, ookkehaamptanile fudal baaranile sarr hyoog dii courtaine (maranam 1292) yude makan anantharaavakaashiyumaaya hyoog dii courtaine janichu, addehathinte bhaarya elanor leeii desensor (maranam 1328), hyoog leeii despensorinte makalum, 1st baaran leeii despensorinte sahodariyum, winchesterile 1st erl, rajaavaaya edward randaamante pradhana upadeshtaavum. addehathinte pithaav joonn dii courtaineyude makanaayirunnu (sii. 1274 meyy 3), ooksfoordile naalaamathe earlaaya hyoog dii vereyude makalaaya bhaarya isabelle dii vere ezhuthiya ookkehaamptanile fudal baaran. joninte pithaav, renode dii courtaine (maranam 1190), hays dii karsi (ookkehaamptanile fudal baaraniyude anantharaval) ennivarude makanaaya roobert dii courtaine (maranam 1242), vilyam dii redvezhsinte makalaaya merii dii redvezhsine (chilappol "dii vernon" ennu vilikkunnu) vivaham kazhichu, tiverton kottayile devoninte anchaamathe erl (maranam 1217), devonile plimpton kotta, plaimpttanile fudal baaran.
pithriswathu.
1292 februvari 28nuu, thante vivaahasamayath, hugg ookkehaamptan estettukalilekkum kireedatthinu anyavalkkarikkappedaathu dii redvezhs estettukalilekkum adhikaaramettu. 1335 vare eee kudumbatthinte "yadhaartha" roopathil amgeekarikkappettillengile, courtney kudumbatthile aadyatheyaalaaya erl oof devon enna shailiyilulla oru kottayayirikkaam addeham. devonile koolittan graamathinaduthu sthithicheyyunna yadhaartha colcomb kotta addeham nirmmichu. pithavinoppam addeham ookkehaamptan kotta punarnirmmikkukayum athinte soukaryangalum thaamasoukaryangalum vipuleekarichu oru vettayaadal lodge, retreat, adambara thaamasasthalam enniva roopeekarikkukayum cheythu. addehathinte pradhana irippidam tiverton kottayilaayirunnu.
currier.
skotlandinethiraaya pracharanam, 1297-1300.
1297 juun 20nuu englandile edward onnaaman rajaavinu addeham adaranjali arppikkukayum addehathinu swantham vasthram nalkukayum cheythu. aaa samayat, rajaavu thante sainyathodoppam nadhi murichukadannu skotlandilekku povukayaayirunnu. hyooginte sainika nettangalude amgeekaaramaayirikkaam eee bahumati. aaa joolaiyil, engleeshukaar irvinile skottukale paraajayappedutthukayum apamanikkukayum cheythu. ennirunnaalum, adutha varsham, vilyam vaalasinte sradheyamaaya prachaaranatthinte varavinethudarnnu meshakal thirikkappettu.
1298 februvari 6 muthal, addehathe paarlamentilekku loard courtaine aayi vilippichu, edward randaaman raajaavinte bharanakaalathudaneelam raajaavinte makante mortimer regencyil irikkukayum cheythu. edward moonnaaman raajaavinte bharanakalam vare addeham paarlamentukalil oru pradhana prabhuvayi thudarnnu.
1300 joolaiyil solway farthinu thottumukalilulla kerlaverok kottayude neenda uparodhathil edward onnaaman rajaavinoppam randaazhchathekku courtaine chernnu. addeham oru mikacha sinikanum engleesh kireedatthodu vishwasthanaaya anuyayiyum aanennu svayam theliyichu. 1298ll commander hugg cressingham ulppede pakuthiyolam engleesh sainikar kollapetta, elakkunna kottaykku purathulla elakkunna paalatthinte yudhathil addeham pankedutthirunnilla. ennaal skotlandile roobert onnaaman raajaavinte swathukkal nasippikkunnathinaayi ireshireilekku march cheyyaan rajaavu theerumaanichu. ennirunnaalum, sainyam kooduthal vadakkott neengumbol engleesh sainyam vanangalilekku uruki. sathrutha avasaanippikkanamenn boniface marpappayude aavashyavumaayi vadakkott sanjaricha kaantarbariyile aarch bishop roobert winshelsy sweekarikkaan engleesh rajaavinoppam sweekaranathinaayi sweekaranathaavalathil irunnappol courtney undaayirunnirikkam. rajaavinu eee utharavu avaganikkaan kazhinjilla. septambaril addeham sainyathe pirichuvidukayum solway firthil ninnu carlisililekku pinmaarukayum cheythu. panatthinte kuravu kaaranam pracharanam parajayappettathinaal 1301 januvariyil paarlament thirichuvilichu. landanilekku madangunnathinumumbu engleeshukaar aarumaasathe vedinirthal karar undaakki.
1301 leeii paarlament.
paarlament linkenil yogam chernnu. 150 varsham munbu henry randaamante bharanakaalathu aadyamaayi avatharippichathinushesham oru maathrkayumillaatha royal phoorast charter punarnirmmikkunnath ajandayil ulppedunnu. thelivukal shekharikkunnathinaayi praadeshika joorikal "vanangalil sanjarikkumennu" pratheekshichirunnu. ennaal rajaavinu panam aavashyamaayirunnu, community vanangalayi maariyathinte samboornna adikaaravum udamasthaavakaashavum paarlament keezhadakkanamennu aavasyappettu.
skotlandinethiraaya prachaaranangal, 1301-1308.
1306-ll weils rajakumarane skotlandilekku ayachu; raajaavinte ardhasahodaranaaya aymar dii valence aayirunnu munnaniye nayichathu. meyy 22 nuu, skottukalkkethiraaya shramangalude peril rajakumaran courtainech naitt padavi nalki. juunil, engleesh perthu kaivashappedutthi. juun 19nuu thaazhnna pradeshangaliloode oru padalam muricha valence athiraavile methwenil scots sainyathinte mail veenu. scotish rajaavaaya roobert broose kunnukalilekku oodippoyi. edward onnaaman rajaavu nishkarunam pravartthikkukayum niravadhi thadavukaar shikshikkappedukayum cheythu. aaa sharathkaalathil sainyam hexamilake madangi. yuddham avasaanichu ennirunnaalum mull oof kintayar, kildrummy kotta, aberdeenshire ennividangalil uparodham undaayirunnu. scott prabhukkanmareyum avarude sthreekaleyum valanjunirthi engleesh rajaavu niravadhi athikramangal nadatthi.
roobert rajaavu irelandile pravaasatthil ninnu madangiyethiyappol engleesh sainyam yudhangalil paraajayappedaan thudangi. ippol rogiyaaya edward onnaaman rajaavinu avasaanamaayi oru sainikanadapadiyundaayirunnu, athil courtaine oru pradhana punk vahichu. solway firthilekk saddle poraadikkondu edward rajaavu oru crossing kaath manalkkal burgil vachu marichu. 1308-ll, roobert raajaavine adichamarthaan oru puthiya akramanam ayaykkukayum raajaavinte unnatha kudumbangalilonnaya courtney oru naitt baanarattayi maattukayum cheythu.
edward randaaman raajaavinte bharanakaalathu addehathe prabhukkanmaarude bharanasamithikaliloralayi oru prabhuvinte oordainaraayi niyamichu. 1318 august 9nuu raajasabhayilekku niyamikkapettu. 1324ll devon, konvaal theerangalude wardenaayi addeham niyamikkapettu, pinneedu 1336ll veendum, kaaranam addehathinte estettukal ippol exmoor, dartmore ennividangaliludaneelam vyaapichu. ennaal addeham vimukhathayode bahumathikal sweekarikkukayum rajaavumaayum paarlamentumaayum oru kaaval kalii kalikkukayum cheythu.
oru muthirnna prachaaranakkaaranenna nilayil, pinneedu edward moonnaaman enna yuvarajaavumaayi svayam anurajanam sthaapikkaan addeham lakshyamidukayum athinaal khajanaavil ninnulla moonnaamathe paisa nirasikkukayum cheythu. addehathe anweshikkukayum 1335 februvari 22nuu devoninte erl aayi srishtikkukayum addehathinte poorvvika vamshathilekku punasthaapikkukayum cheythu.
devoninte erl prakhyaapichu.
1335-ll, addehathinte randaamathe kasinte maranathinu naalppathiyonnu varshangalkk sesham, isabelle dii redvezhs neekkam cheyyappettu, "suyoo juur" devoninte ettaamathe kaundes (maranam 1293) (baldwin dii redvezhsinte mootha makal, devoninte aaraamathe erl), lettezhs pettant englandile edward moonnaaman rajaavu, 1335 februvari 22 nuu nalki, addehathe devoninte erl ennu prakhyaapichu, koodaathe 'thante poorvvikar, devoninte erlukal angane cheyyaan paadillaatthathupole atharam padaviyum sailiyum ettedukkanamennu' prasthaavichu. ithu addehathe devoninte aadya erl aakki, aksharangalude pettant oru puthiya piyarej srishtichathaayi kanakkaakkappedunnunde, allengil devoninte onpathaam erl, athu dii redvezhs kudumbatthinte pazhaya anthassinte thirichadavaayi kanakkaakkappedunnunde, addeham devoninte "swamedhayaa juur" ettaamathe kaundasinte pingamiyaayi kanakkaakkappedunnu. adhikaarikal avarude abhipraayangalil vyathyaasappettirikkunnu, athinaal eee saadhaarana jeevithathinu badal oordinal nambarukal nilavilundu.
vivaahavum kuttikalum.
joonn sent joninte (maama. 1302) hamshareile bays (sarr raynold fittspiyezhsinte makalaaya bhaarya alis fitspiyezhs.) joonn sent joninte sahodariyum, 1st baaran sent joonn (maama. 1329) adisthaanamaakki.
bharyayil addehathinu anchu aanmakkalum rund penmakkalum undaayirunnu.
maranavum shavasamskaaravum.
1340 desember 23nuu tiverton kottayil vachu courtaine marikkukayum 1341 februvari 5nuu eksittarinaduthulla covic priyariyil samskarikkappedukayum cheythu.

