
moundu arapyls

australiyayile padinjaaran victoriyayile vimmara samathalangalkk mukalil uyarunna oru paara roopeekaranamaanu moundu arapyls. naattimuk pattanatthinu ekadesham padinjaaru araapaililaan ithu sthithicheyyunnathu, ithu moundu arapylus-toovan stettu paarkkinte bhagamaanu. malakayattangalude alavum gunanilavaaravum kaaranam paara kayarunnavarkk valare janapriyamaaya oru lakshyasthaanamaan arapyls. aduthulla graambiyanmaarkkoppam australiyayile pradhana malakayatta kendrangalilonnaanithu. roopeekaranathinte votjobaluk peru durid ennaanu.
charithram.
aadyakaala charithram.
australiyayile europian kolanivalkkaranathinu aayirakkanakkin varshangalkk munbu votjobaluk janathayude durid baluk vamshakkaar aduthulla pradeshathu thaamasichirunnu. avar parvathatthile kadinamaaya manalkkall vividha kallu upakaranangal nirmmikkaan upayogikkukayum athinte niravadhi kuzhikalilum cheria guhakalilum abhayam kandethukayum cheythu. 1840kalude madhyathil europian kudiyettathetthudarnnu, durid baaludukale eee pradeshathu ninnu maattippaarppichu, ithu vamshathinte thakarchayilekku nayichu. parvvatham nalkia vibhavangalude nashtam, europian rogangalude nasham, kudiyettakkarumaayulla sayudha ettumuttalukal ennivayellaam sambhavana cheytha gadakangalaayirunnu. 1870 kalude thudakkathil, durid baludil avasaanatheth mission steshanukalilekku maatti. avarude pingaamikalil chilar ippozhum eee pradeshathu thaamasikkunnu, koodaathe niravadhi puraavastu sthalangalum sameepathund. 1992-ll moundu arapylsil nadatthiya oru sarveyil upakaranagalkkulla kadinamaaya kallukal, paadukalulla marangal, paarakala sthalangal ennivaykkulla "kwaarikal" ulppede 42 thaddesheeya puraavastu saittukalil kurayaathe kandethi.
oostreliyayude europian kolanivalkkaranavum bhookhandathinte pattika thayyarakkan niravadhi paryavekshakare konduvannu. 1836 juulai 23nuu europian paryavekshakanaaya mejar thomas michel aanu araapailsinte aadyathe kayattatthe kurichu rekhappeduthiyathu. michel pravartthanam kandirunna, speyinile salamanga yudhathinu sameepamulla arapyls kunnukalude perilaanu addeham eee naazhikakkallin peru nalkiyathu.
juulai 22-leeii michellinte dayariyil ninnulla oru udharani iprakaaramaanu
"ithu theerchayaayum bhoomiyude uparithalathinte sradheyamaaya oru bhaagamaayirunnu, pakaram oru dooradarshiniyiloode kaanunnathupole chandranode saamyamullathaayirunnu."
nilavile camp groundukalkku sameepamulla "plake roock" enna peril araplesinu addeham nalkia sambhaavanakale anusmarippikkunna oru falakamundu.
bhoomishaasthram.
moundu arapylse praadhamikamaayi quartsos complomerate, manalkkall (quarts arenait) ennivayaayirunna oru metamorphic paarayaya kwaartsait chernnathaanu. ganyamaaya oru fluevial sisttathinte bhaagamaayi devonian kaalaghattatthinte aadyakaala bhagathaanu (ekadesham 420 maa) aaa protolithu sthaapichathu. aaa nikshepathinte thelivukal desimeter-meter skeyil cross straattifikkeshanilum paarakkettukalil drishyamaaya laattaral accression prathalangalilum nannayi vrithaakrithiyilulla, kallukal valippamulla clastukal adangiya niravadhi kidakkakalude saannidhyathilum kaanaan kazhiyum. aduthulla grampians/garrivard parvathanirakalil athe nikshepa samvidaanathinte chila vidoora mukhangal adangiyirikkunnu, ithu kuranja alavil samyojithavum cheria sharashari dhaanya valupavum theliyikkunnu.
manalkkallinu thaazhe ninnu puranthallappetta graanaitik nuzhanjukayattam kaaranam ekadesham 400 maa, allengil avashishtangal roopappettu 20 dasalaksham varshangalkk sesham arapailukal samrakshikkappedunnu. aaa nuzhanjukayattam puramthodinte thaazheyulla bhaagath ninnu thapam uthppaadippikkukayum, detrital daanyangalude vyapakamaaya quarts simanteshan sugamamakkukayum cheythu. paara thanuppikkumbol puranthallappetta chila silicius draavakangalum graanaitil undaayirunnu. aaa draavakangal orupakshe avashishtangalude simantation kaaranamaayi. magma gathagatham moolamundaakunna nerittulla choodaakkal prakriya kondaakt metamorphism ennu vilikkunnu.
roopaantharappedaathathum ennaal samaanamaayathumaaya "parvvathathinu" chuttumulla avashishtangal illaathaayittundengilum, simanteshanumaayi bandhapetta sushirangalude motham oklashan mannolipp parimithappedutthaan sahayikkunnathinaal araapailukal samrakshikkappettittund.
irumbu ooksaidinteyum mattu pala maalinyangaludeyum alavu kaaranam paaraykk oru prathyeka chuvapp/ooranchu niramundu.
kayattam.
mukalilekku niravadhi kaalnadayaathra paathakalundenkilum (oru vaya ferratayodu saamyamulla onnu ulppede), mikka sanyasimaarum parvathatthile aayirakkanakkin lamba paathakalilonn swathanthramaayi kayaran thiranjedukkunnu. aadhunika paara kayaralinte varavinushesham aayirakkanakkin roottukal rekhappeduthiyittundu.
charithram.
1963 septambaril vinoda reethiyil kayarunnathinayi arapylse aadyamaayi pariganichathu, bobum steevu cradock oru tourist guidil kanda sesham mitre paarayilekku yaatra cheyyukayum avarude lakshyasthanam moundu arapylse kullanayirikkunnathaayi kaanukayum cheythu. aarohanathin munbu niravadhi aazhchakalum sandarshanangalum yadhaarthathil arapylsil shramichirunnu, 1963 novemberil aadyathe kayatangal ippol "pinakkil mukham" ennu vilikkappedunnathil rekhappeduthiyittundu. cradocukal, dugg angus, peettar jaaksan, gregg lovejoy ennivar adangunna pioneering group rund kakshikalayi vibhajikkapettu, oro kakshiyum ore divasam oru root avakaashappedunnu. thudarnnulla divasangalilum aazhchakalilum classic climb "tippo ridge" (5) ulppede niravadhi malakayatangal sthaapichu, 1964 ll steevu cradock pithaav bobum chernnu oru school duplicating mesheenil (15 roottukal ulkkollunna) aadyathe arapyls climbing guidebook nirmmichu.
1965 maarchil "bard" (12), "vaachu tower crack" (16) enningane rund pradhana malakayatangal sthaapikkappettu. ore divasam thanne nadatthiya eee malakayatangal ippozhum classic malakayattangalayi kanakkaakkappedunnu, palappozhum prathidinam niravadhi kayatangal kaanunnu. araapailukalil pravartthanam kramanugathamaayi vardhikkukayum 1966 augustil mike stonum iyaan speedy "emm. tii. arapyls" enna randaamathe guide book purathirakkukayum cheythu. australiyayile aadyathe hardcover gaidaayirunna ithu 108 malakayatangal avatharippichu. 1960kalude backie bhaagangalil niravadhi puthiya roottukal vardhichuvarunna budhimuttukalkku kaaranamaayi, niravadhi sahaaya kendrangal ulppede. kayarunnathilekku" aayirunnu shradha... oppam jeevichirikkukayum cheyyuka, "swathanthramaayi kayarukayaanengilum illengilum.
70-kalude thudakkathil graambiyanmaarilekkum moundu potthum shradha mariyathinaal araapailukalile pravartthanam mandagathiyilaayi. 1973-nte avasaanathil araappilukalodulla thaalparyam veendum uyarnnu, niravadhi aakarshakamaaya lineukal kurachu sahayangalumaayi kayarapettu. puthiya gradeukal nirantharam srishtikkappedunnathukonu eee roottukal malakayatta samoohathil nettabodham konduvannu. 1975ll american sandarshakanaaya "hoott" henry barber ethi, kuranja samrakshanathode eee roottukal swathanthramaakkaan thudangi. 21 kaaranaya addeham arapylsil kaaryamaaya swaadheenam chelutthi, australian malakayattatthile oru pradhana pooyintaayirunnu addehathinte sandarshanam, kaaranam parvathaarohakar sahaaya pooyintukalil pookaan samthruptharaakunnathinupakaram avarude puthiya lineukal swathanthramaakki baarbarinte paarambaryatthe pinthunaykkaan pravarthichu.
baarbarinte nettangalude vaarthakal vyaapikkukayum niravadhi puthiya yuva parvathaarohakare araapailukalilekku aakarshikkukayum cheythu. eee groupinu pinneedu "puthiya tharamgam" enna peru nalkappettu, 70 kaludeyum 80 kaludeyum thudakkathiludaneelam grade 20-25 shreniyile niravadhi roottukalkk avar utharavaadikalaayirunnu. kiim carrigan, mike loow, maarkk moorhead enniva polullava 26 + malakayatangal avatharippikkan sahayichu, ennirunnaalum randaamathethu palappozhum avarude malakayattangale krithyamaayi tharamthirichilla (pakaram avaye 'undergrade' cheyyaan thiranjedutthu). eee uddeshyapoornamaaya undergrading "sand bagging" ennariyappedunnu, australian climbingle ithu ippozhum saadhaaranamaanu (chilar ithine paarambaryam ennu vilikkum), ennirunnaalum ithu munbatheppole athrayalla.
1985 eprilil jarmman parvathaarohakanaaya wolfgang gillichinte "punks inn dhaa jiim" enna aarohanam oru pradhana nettamaayirunnu. eee paatha shoonyavum aakarshakavumaya ooranchu mathilinte madhyathil pottitherichu arappils (austreliya) anthaaraashtra exposure nalki. 32-aamm raankilulla eee kayattamaan budhimuttukalkkulla oru puthiya maanadandam sthaapich lokathile ettavum kadinamaaya kayattamaayirunnu. gallichinte vijayathethudarnnu, samanamaaya budhimuttulla niravadhi roottukal sthaapichittundu, ennirunnaalum aarum atharam aakarshakamaaya savisheshathaye "eluppamaakkunna vazhi" edukkunnilla. dhaarmmikathaykk virudhamaayathinu munbu srishticha 'pakshisanketham' ennariyappedunna orotta chipped hold ithinu undu. 1990 kalude thudakkathil eee pidi thakarukayum oru parvathaarohakan athil pasha cherkkukayum cheythu, athu innum nilanilkkunnu.
chila sandarshakar oru samayam maasangalolam thamasikkunna arapylse ippozhum oru janapriya malakayatta lakshyasthaanamaan. choodulla kaalavastha, praveshanakshamatha, alavu, gunanilavaaram enniva pradeshavaasikal, australiyakkaar, anthaaraashtra yaathrakkaar ennivaril araapailukalude janapreeti nilanirthaan sahaayichittund.
thathwachintha.
parvathaarohakar svanthamaayi samrakshanam nalkukayum kayariyathinusesham athu neekkam cheyyukayum cheiyumennu prathekshikkunna parambaraagatha malakayatta mekhalayaayi moundu arapyls pradhaanamaayum kanakkaakkappedunnu. athinaal, neekkam cheyyaavunna parirakshayaya paripp, kyaam, arps enniva upayogichaanu bhooribhaagam kayattangalum nadathunnathu.
arapylsil niravadhi sports climbing roottukalum undu. ennirunnaalum, 23-nekkaal eluppamulla niravadhi kaayika roottukal illa.
thaazhepparayunna pradeshangalil iva kaananakum deck cragg, flaitt vaal, chuttupaadukal, skyline mathilukal, bluffs, nadannupokunna mathil, kotta cragg, faroz, innalathe galli, dogezhs gully, poostiks mathil.
araappilukalile pala roottukalilum lover-ofukalundu, athinaal avaa mukalil ninno eluppamulla ruttiloodeyo sameepikkaam. 80kalil ningalude nilavaaratthilekku roottine konduvarunna sakthamaaya oru paarambaryamundu, ippol rapp inn cheiyunnathum pree-plays gear upayogikkunnathum saadhaaranamaanu. eee sameepanam anuyojyamaaya sthiravum prakrithidathavumaaya upakaranangalude misrithamulla niravadhi roottukal undu.
kaivashamullava mechappeduthunnathinaayi paaraye chavittunnath nasheekaranamaayi kanakkaakkappedunnu, saidhaanthikamaayi ithu sahikkappedunnilla. ennirunnaalum, eee nilapaadinte niravadhi ozhivakkalukalil chuvadukal, lunden colling, 'seans root inn dhaa bluffs', ethiopia, punchs, loard oof dhaa rings, wackford direct, pettu abuse, slopin 'slaisin', sessil bii dii mille enniva ulppedunnu.
malakayatta pradeshangal.
prashasthamaaya malakayattangalude udaaharanagal ulppede araapailukalile kooduthal sradheyamaaya malakayatta pradeshangalude pattikayaanu thaazhe koduthirikkunnathu.
arapyls climbing guide update.
puthiya roottukalude vikasanam innu mandagathiyilaanenkilum thudarunnu. 2008 leeii guide book prasidheekarichathinushesha araapailukalile ellah puthiya allengil marria roottukalum rekhappeduthunna oru arapyls climbing guide update 2009 maarchil aarambhichu. 2011ll smartphone, taablett formaattilaanu guide book purathirakkiyathu.
bouldering.
ellah kazhivukalum niravettunna niravadhi parakkettukal araapailukalkk chuttum thalichittundu. campinu sameepamulla rund pradeshangal chrontorf pradeshavum golden streak pradesavumaanu. pakal kayattam poortthiyaakkiya sesham uchakazhinjum vaikunneravum avar palappozhum adhivasikkunnu.
camp cheiyunnu.
parvvathatthinte kizhakk bhaagathulla oru camp groundaanu sentari paarkk. sentari paarkk roadle ninnaan praveshanam. oru phees adaykkendathaanu.
vaidyuthi upayogikkunna sthalangalonnumilla, meyy muthal october vare maathrame camp fayar anuvadikkoo. flush toylattukalulla oru toylet blockund.

