
parshwanath kshethram, khajuraaho

indiayile madhyapradeshile khajuraahoyil sthithicheyyunna patthaam noottaandile jaina shethramaanu parshwanath kshethram (parshwanath mandir). chandela kaalaghattatthil oru adinatha kshethramaayi nirmmichathaakaamenkilum ithu ippol parshwanathan samarppichirikkunnu. shethrathinu jainamathathil amgathwamundengilum, athinte puram mathilukal vaishnava prameyangal avatharippikkunnu. praveshana kavaadatthil ettavum thikanja maanthrika chathuramulla oru likhitham undu. mikacha kala, vaasthuvidya, chandela kaalaghattatthinte saakshyam enniva kaaranam khajuraaho smaaraka groupile mattu shethrangalkkoppam yuneskoyude loka paithruka saittinte bhagamaanu ithu.
charithram.
950num 970num idayil chandela rajaavaaya dhangayude bharanakaalathaanu oru pramukha jaina kudumbam eee kshethram nirmmichathennu vishwasikkappedunnu. kshethrathinte idathuvashathe jambile 954 sii. iii (1011-nethire) likhitham oru pahilayude poonthottangalude sammaanangalum daanangalum rekhappeduthunnu. pahila-vaadika, chandra-vaadika, laghuchandra-vaadika, shankara-vaadika, panchaithala-vaadika, amra-vaadika, dhanga-waddy ennivayaanu poonthottangalkku perittirikkunnath. jinnathayude bhakthanaayaan pahilaye visheshippikkunna likhithathil dhanga rajaavu addehathe valareyadhikam bahumaanichirunnathaayi parayunnu.
kshethrathil prathishtichittulla aadyakaala vigraham aadinaathante vigrahamaanennu karuthappedunnu. 1852ll britiish archaeological surveyor alexander kanningham sandarshichappol pradhana sreekovilinte sthaanam vijanamaayi kaanapettu. addeham ithine "jinnanatha kshethram" ennu visheshippikkukayum 1847ll oru jaina banker attakuttappanikal nadathiyathaayi ezhuthukayum cheythu. 1860ll pradhana sreekovilil oru parshwanath vigraham sthaapichu. kshethrathinte pinbhaagathu oru dvitheeya kshethrathil oru adinatha prathima sthaapichu.
archaeological sarway oof india eee kshethrathe deseeya praadhaanyamulla smaarakamaayi tharamthirichittundu.
kalayum vaasthuvidya.
khajuraahoyile jaina shethrangalil ettavum valuthaanu parshwanath kshethram. ithinu oru praveshana kavaadam, oru cheria haal, oru valia haal (mandapa), oru westibule, oru sreekovilinte sthaanam ennivayundu. kshethraghadanaykku rund attangalil projectionukal ulla oru deerghachathuraakrithiyilulla vasthuvidyaa padhathiyundu. munbhagam (kizhakk) projection praveshana porchu roopappeduthunnu, pinbhagam (padinjaaru) projection sreekovilil gadippichirikkunna oru shethramaanu.
praveshana kavaadatthinte melkkoorayil changala pookkalude roopangalum parasparam izhukichernna oru jodi parakkunna vidyaadharakalum undu. mandapathinte vaathil-lintalil aadinaathante parichaarakante shilpamunda garudante sawari cheiyunna patthu aayudhangalulla chakreshwari. sreekovilil jinakalude shilpangal undu.
puram mathilukalkk moonnu shilpangalund. eee silpangalil surasundarikal (sundarikalaaya sthreekal), parakkunna dambathikal, narthakar, sangeethanjjar, aakaashajeevikal enniva ulppedunnu. shethrathinu jainamathathil bandhamundengilum, hindu daivangalude silpangalum avarude bhaaryamaarumaayulla avarude avathaarangalum ulppedeyulla vaishnava prameyangalum puram mathilukal chithreekarikkunnu. vishnu-lakshmi, raama-seetha, balarama-revati, parasuraman, hanuman, brahma, krishnante yamalarjuna ithihaasam enniva ithil ulppedunnu. eee shilpangal maathruka, anupatham, samathvam ennivayil lakshmanakshethrathinu samaanamaan. lakshmana kshethrathil ninnu vyathyasthamayi, parshwanath kshethrathil vyakthamaaya kaama shilpangal illa, ennirunnaalum oru prathyeka chithram oru vasthuvumayi svayambhogam cheiyunna oru cross-legg apsara kaanikkunnu.
maanthrika chathuram.
shethrathinu "jaina square" ennu vilikkunna oru maanthrika chathuramulla oru likhitham undu. ariyappedunna ettavum pazhakkam chenna 4x4 maanthrika chathurangalilonnaanith, athupole thanne ettavum thikanja maanthrika chathurangalilonnaanith.
eee maanthrika chathuratthil 1 muthal 16 vareyulla ellah samkhyakalum adangiyirikkunnu. oro thirashcheena variyileyum oro lamba nirayileyum rund konukalileyum samkhyakalude aakethuka 34 aanu.
naalu konukalilulla cheria 2x2 chathurangalileyum athupole thanne madhya 2x2 chathuratthileyum samkhyakalude aakethukayum 34 aanu.
maanthrika chathuram pandiagonal, athaayath diabolic aannu athinte takarnna diagonalukalile samkhyakalum 34 vare kooduvaan kazhiyum. udaaharanathinu, 7 + (6 + 10 + 11) = 34.