
vishudha-piyarinte vedhi

1786 muthal 1902 vare sajeevamaayirunna martiniyile sent-piyarile oru naadakavediyaayirunnu laa komadi ennum ariyappedunna thiyettar dii seyint-piyar. oru noottaandilereyaayi vestt indeesile prashasthamaaya saamskaarika kendramaayirunnu ithu. 1902leeii agniparvvatha spodanathil nasippikkappetta athinte avashishtangal oru charitra smaarakamaayum vinodasanchaarikalude sthalamaayum maari. 
yadhaarthathil, fraansil ninnulla naadaka kambanikal martiniyilekkulla paryadanangalil thaalkkaalika pradeshangalil prakadanam nadatthi. 1780 muthal colonic oru sthiramaaya thiyettar nalkanamennu adikaarikalodu aavasyamundaayirunnu. aaa samayat, 1760 muthal vishudha-domingue nagarangalil thiyettarukalum gwadelopil (bays-terrilum pooyint-eiii-pittarilum) rund thiyettarukalum undaayirunnu, koodaathe oru thiyettar samskaarathinteyum sankeernathayudeyum oru pradhana haal maarkkayi kanakkaakkappettirunnu. bordo prashasthamaaya thiyettaril ninnu prachodanam ulkkonda eee kettidatthinu 800 seettukalkku idamundaayirunnu. thiyettar valare vipulavum gambheeravumaanennu visheshippikkappedukayum kareebiyanil prashasthamaavukayum cheythu. fraansil ninnulla kalakaaranmaar ettavum puthiya naadakam, ooppara, baale enniva avatharippichu. kalakaaranmaar vishudha-aadhipathyam thudarunnathuvare saadhaaranayaayi kurachu varshangalil kooduthalo thaalkkaalikamo aayirunnilla thaamasichirunnathu. 

