
khashkhaay janatha

iraanile oru gothrasakhyamaanu khashkhaay janatha (ucharikkunnathu;) kooduthalum turkey vamshajaraanu. avar luur, kurd, arab ennivaye ulppeduthiyittunde vishwasikkappedunnu. avaril mikkavarum "turkey" ennu vilikkunna khashkhaay bhasha ennariyappedunna oru paashchaathya turkeek (oghusu) bhashayum aupachaarika upayogathil pershyan (iraante deseeya bhasha) bhashayum samsaarikkunnu. phaars, khusesthaan, kohgilu, boyer-ahamed, chaharmahal, bakhthiyaari, busher, thekkan isfahan ennee pravisyakalilaanu khaaskaay pradhaanamaayum thaamasikkunnath, prathyekichu faarsile shiraz, firuzabad nagarangalkk chuttum.
bhooribhaagam khashkhaay janangalum yadhaarthathil naadodikalaaya edayanmaaraayirunnu, chilar innum angane thudarunnu. parambaraagatha naadodi khashkhaay avarude attin koottangalumaayi varshathil randuthavana shirazinu vadakkulla venalkkaala malayora mechilppurangalkkidayil ekadesham 480 kilometer allengil 300 mile thekk, pershyan gulfinu sameepamulla thaazhnna (choodulla) bhoomiyile shaityakaala mechilppurangal, shiraasinte thekkupadinjaaru. ennirunnaalum, bhooribhaagavum ippol bhaagikamaayo poornnamaayum nischalamaayirikkunnu. pahlavi raajavamshathinte bharanakaalathu irupathaam noottaandinte thudakkathil aarambhicha, sthirathaamasamaakkaan aagrahikkunnavarkkaayi paarppidam nirmmicha, 1960kall muthal kudiyettathilekkulla pravanatha ganyamaayi vardhichukondirikkanu; ennirunnaalum, deshaadana jeevitashaili thudarunnavarkku, iranian sarkkar khashkhaay, avarude kannukaalikal, idaya kudiyettam nadathunna mattu janangal ennivaykkulla yatra edanaazhikal paripalikkukayum niyanthrikkukayum cheiyunnu. 
amale" (khashkhaay)/"amaleh" (pershyan), "dere-shorlu/dareh-shuri", "kashkollu/kashkuli", "shishbaili/sheshboluki", "aimoor/farsimadan" enningane anchu pradhana gothrangal chernnathaanu khashkhaay. kharaacha/kharaache", "rahimli/rahimi", "saphi-khaanli/saphi-khaani" ennivayaanu cheria gothrangal.
charithram.
charitraparamaayi, turkey samsaarikkunna aalukal 11-aamm noottaand muthal 12-aamm noottaand muthal madhyeshyayil ninnu iraanilethiyathaayi vishwasikkappedunnu.
1953ll ilkhaante sahodaran khashkaayiyude thalavanumaaya nassar khaan maari-terris ulansinodu ingane paranju
pathonpathaam noottaandinte avasaanathilum irupathaam noottaandinte thudakkathilum khajaar iraanile oru pradhana rashtreeya shakthiyaayirunnu khashkaay. onnaam lokamahaayudhasamayathu, jarmman consular audyogika wilhem wassmus avare swaadheenikkukayum jarmman saamraajyathinte paksham pidikkukayum cheythu. randaam lokamahaayudhasamayathu, iraanile anglo-soviyatt adhiniveshathinethire cheruthunilppu samghadippikkaan khashgaikal shramichu, 1943 ll ooppareshan aantan vazhi naasi germmaniyil ninnu chila phalapradamallaatha sahayam labhichu, athu (ooppareshan francinoppam) poornnamaayum parajayappettu.
1945-1946 ll adhinivesha russiakkaare pinthirippikkunnathuvar dheeramaayi poraadiya khashgaikal ulppede niravadhi gotra konfedararikalude oru valia kalapam nadannu. velutha viplavathinte bhooparishkaranangal kaaranam kashgaikal <aii. dii. 1> samayat kalapam nadatthi. kalapam adichamarthappedukayum eathaanum varshangalkkullil niravadhi khashkaikal sthirathaamasamaakkukayum cheythu. gothranethaakkalil bhooribhaagatheyum naadukadatthi. 1979leeii iranian viplavathinushesham jeevichirikkunna nethaavaaya khosro khaan khashkhaay americayileyum germmaniyileyum pravaasatthil ninnu iraanilekku madangi.
pradhana gothrangal.
dareshuri, farsimadan, sheshboluki, amale, kashkuli ennivayulppede anchu pradhana gothrangal ulppedunnathaanu khashkhaay gothrasakhya.
amale/amale.
amaleh gothratthile aalukal yadhaarthathil ilkhaaniyude kudumbavumaayi bandhapetta yodhaakkalum thozhilaalikalumaayirunnu, allengil paramapradhananaaya thalavan; ellah khashkhaay gothrangalil ninnum recruit cheytha avar ilkhaaniyude amgarakshakanum anuyaayikalum roopeekarichu. 1956 aayappozhekkum amaleh gothrathil 6,000 kudumbangalundaayirunnu.
dere-shorlu/dareshuri/dareshuri.
karim khaan sandinte (1163-93/1750-79) bharanakaalathu dareshuri janatha khashkhaay gothrasakhyathil chernnathayi parayappedunnu. pershyan sarkkar sthithivivarakkanakkukal anusarichu, 1360 ll ekadesham 5,169 dareshuri kudumbangal allengil 27,396 vyakthikal undaayirunnu./1981. khashkhaayikalil ettavum valia kuthiravarggakkaarum udamastharum" aayirunnu dareshuri. rezza shhaa pahlavi (1304-20 Sh) pinthudarnna naadodi gothrangale nirbandhithamaayi nischalamaakkunna nayam./1925-41) kaaranam dareshuri kuthirakalil% I. D2 nashtappettu, ennaal randaam lokamahaayudhathinushesham gothram veendeduthu. gajar saamraajyathil darshauri gothratthinte niyanthranatthilulla phaars pravishyayude niyanthranam thirike edukkunnathinaayi darshauri kudumbatthinte thalavanaaya hussain khaan darshouriyeyum rezza shhaa pahlavi vadhichu.
kashkollu/kashkuli.
onnaam lokamahaayudhasamayathu, shaulath-alle-daula (ail-khaan), jarmman ejantu wilhem wassmus ennivaykkethiraaya pooraattatthil kashkuli khaanmar britteeshukaare pinthunachu. yudhathinushesham shaulath-alle-daula kashkuli shikshichu. thanne ethirtha kashkuli nethaakkale addeham pirichuvidukayum "kashkuli gothrathe thakarkkanum daridraraakkaanum manappoorvvam purappedukayum cheythu". shaulath-alle-daulayodu vishwasthatha pulartthiyirunna gothratthile rund vibhaagangale pinneedu gothratthinte pradhana vibhaagathil ninnu verpeduthi swatantra gothrangalude padavi nalki, kashkuli kuchak ("cheria kashkuli"), karachahi gothrangalaayi maari. bakkiyulla gothram kashkuli bosorg ("valia kashkuli") gothram ennariyappettu. 1963ll 4,862 kudumbangal ulppettirunna kashkuli bosorg gothrathil olivar garred nireekshichathupole, kashkuli bosorg "avarude jajimukalkkum allengil tarton kambili puthappukalkkum avayude paravathaanikaludeyum kenikaludeyum mikacha gunanilavaarathinum perukettathaanu".
aimoor/farsimadan.
thangal χhalaj vamshajaraanennum thekkan pershyayilekku maarunnathin munbu tehrante thekkupadinjaarulla pradeshamaaya χALAJESTAN-laanu thangal thaamasichirunnathennum farsimadan avakaashappedunnu. pathinaram noottaandinte avasaanathode gothram ithinakam faarsilaayirunnu, kaaranam 1590 octoberil avarude nethaavaaya abul-khaasim begum addehathinte anuyaayikalil chilarum shhaa abbas onnaamanethire kalaapathil faarsile sul-khaadar gavarnaraaya yackb khaante paksham chernnathinu sikshikkappettu. 1982ll afshar-sistaani 2,715 kudumbangal allengil 12,394 vyakthikal farsimadaanile janasamkhya kanakkaakkiyirunnu.
samskaaram.
cherukida krishiyeyum idaya paripaalanatheyum aasrayikkunna idaya naadodikalaanu khashkhaay. parambaraagatha vasthrangalil alankaricha hrasvamaaya vasthrangal, vishalamaaya kaalulla paants, sthreekal dharikkunna sirovasthrangal enniva ulppedunnu.
paravataniyum neythum.
kuppivellangakalkkum mattu neytha kambili ulppannangalkkum prashasthamaan khashkhaay. munkaalangalil shiraz avarude pradhana vipaniyayirunnathinaal avaye chilappol "shiraz" ennu vilikkaarund. shirazinu sameepamulla parvathangalilum thaazhvarakalilum uthppaadippikkunna kambili asaadhaaranamaamvidham mriduvum manoharavumaanu, koodaathe iraante mattu bhaagangalil ninnulla kambiliyekkaal aazhathilulla niramaan.
orupakshe ellah pershyan gotra neythukalilum ettavum prashasthamaaya" kaashkhay paravathaanikal aanennu parayappedunnu. varnnabhamaaya jyaamitheeya roopakalppanakalaal alankarichirikkunna khashkhaay saddlebagukal "mattethoru nirmmithiyekkaalum mikachathaanu".

