
hannah sheehi-skeffington

oru votermaarum airish desheeyavaadiyumaayirunnu johanna merii sheehi-skeffington (nee shee; 24 meyy 1877-20 epril 1946). bharthaav francis shee-skeffington, maargarat cussins, jaims cussins ennivarodoppam 1908 ll sthreekalude vottavakaasham nedukayenna lakshyathode avar airish womens franchisee leag sthaapichu. pinneedu airish vanita thozhilaalli yooniyante sthaapaka amgamaayirunnu avar. avarude makan ooven sheehi-skeffington oru raashtreeyakkaaranum airish senattarum aayi.
aadyakaala jeevitam.
irelandile kaundi korkkile kaanturkkil elisabath "besi" mccoyyudeyum muun phenian, airish paarlamentari party empyum southu galway prathinidheekarikkunna david sheeyudeyum makalaayi hannah shey janichu. avalude aadya varshangal avalude pithavum valarnna oru milhousilaanu avar chelavazhichathu. avalkk moonnu vayassullappol kudumbam tipparariyile lophomerilekku thamasam maari. avarkk aarr sahodarangal undaayirunnu, avaril oraal anjjaathamaaya praayatthil marichu; eee kuttiyekkurichu valare kurachu maathrame ezhuthiyittulloo. 1875 ll janicha maargarat; 1882 ll janicha yujeen; 1884 ll janicha richard; 1884 ll janicha merii shee kettil; 1886 ll janicha kathleen cruis obrian ennivaraayirunnu avarude sahodarangal. avarude ammavanmaaril oralaaya pithaav yujeen sheehi land leag preest ennariyappedukayum addehathinte pravartthanangal addehathe jayililadakkukayum cheythu. limericile emon dii valerayude adhyapakaril oraalaayirunnu addeham.
1887ll avalude pithaav empiyaayappol kudumbam dablinile drumcontrayile hollybankilekku maari. gooad save ireland" enna kaviyum dablinile meyarumaaya lordinte aduthaayirunnu kudumbam thaamasichirunnathu.dii. sullivan.
kshayaroga chikilsaykkaayi 18 vayassullappol sheehi hraswakaalathekku jarmmaniyilekku ayachu.
irelandile royal yooniversittiyil ninnu birudam nediya sesham avar paareesil oru jody aayi kurachu kaalam jolie cheyyukayum 1902 ll irelandilekku madangukayum cheythu.
avalude sahodaran richard jaims joysumaayi adutha suhruthukkalaayirunnu. joys thante prashasthamaaya novalaaya yulisasil besiye oru 'soshyal climbing maathrusahodaran' aayi chithreekarichukondu sheehikalekkurichu ezhuthi, avar athine shakthamayi ethirthu.
 sheehi kaumaarapraayatthil aayirikkumbol, avarude kudumbam ellah maasatheyum randaamathe njaayarazhcha raathriyil dablinile moundjoy squarinu sameepamulla 2 belvedere sthalathu oru ooppan house samghadippichu. thangaleyum avarude aarr kuttikaleyum sandarshikkaan avar yuvaakkale prothsaahippichu. aduthulla belvedere kolejile vidyaarthiyaayirunna jaims joys ilaya sahodaran stanislos 1896-1897 ll pathivayi sandarshakaraayirunnu. kudumbatthile ettavum sundariyaaya penkuttiyaaya (pinneedu srimati) avalude sahodari meriyodulla rahasya sneham joyis paripaalichu. toom kettil). shihikal paadaanum geyimukal kalikkaanum ishtappettirunnu, avarude athidhikalodu paadaan aavashyappedumaayirunnu.
vidyaabhyaasam.
sammana jethaavaaya vidyaarthiniyaayirunna eccless streettile dominican konventilaanu sheehi vidyaabhyaasam nediyathu. aadhunika bhashakal padikkunnathinaayi (avarude kaaryatthil, franch, jarmman) 1893 ll dominicanmaar sthaapicha sthreekalkkaayulla moonnaam thalatthilulla kolejaaya sent marries yooniversitti collegil avar chernnu. irelandile royal yooniversittiyil pareekshaykk irunna avar 1899ll baachilar oof arts birudavum 1902ll phastt klaas oonarukaloode maasttar oof arts birudavum nedi. ithu eccless streettil adthyaapikayaayum intermediat certificat pareekshayil pareekshakayaayum oru kariyarilekku nayichu.
vyakthiparamaaya jeevitam.
kaundi daunil ninnu francis skeffingtonin sheeye parichayappedutthiyathu paraspara suhruthu jaims joys aanu, avar scafingtoninoppam sarvakalashaalayil pooyi. raashtreeyam, kala, matham enniva charcha cheiyunnathinaayi dambathikal bevliyude kafeyil pathivayi kandumuttumayirunnu.
1903 juun 3 nuu sent sentar sarvakalaashaalayile chappalil vachu shey francis skeffingtonine vivaham kazhichu. steefans green, doublin. parambaraagatha vivaha gauninum suitinum pakaramaayi dambathikal avarude biruda gaunukal dharichirunnu. bhaaryaabharthaakkanmaar iruvarum parasparam bahumanam prakadippikkunnathinte pratheekamaayi sheehi-skeffington enna kudumbapperu sweekarichu. eee perumaattam doow. jeey.bii.fraansisinte pithaav, avarude kudumbatthinte perinodulla vanchanayayi ithu kaanapettu.
chadangu kazhinju taamasiyaathe dambathikal 36 airfield rodaaya rathgarh, dablinilekku maari. akkaalat britteeshukaarude anukoolamaayi kanakkaakkappettirunna pradeshamaayirunnu ithu.
sheehi-skeffingtonin ooven enna oru makan undaayirunnu. (2014ll, oovinte makal doow. mishelin shee-skeffington nuyi gaalveykkethiraaya linga vivechana kesil vijayichu.)
avarude sahodari merii ezhuthukaaranum raashtreeyakkaaranumaaya thomas kettilne vivaham kazhichu. mattoru sahodari kathleen frank cruis obriyane vivaham kazhichu, connor cruis obriyante ammayaayirunnu. sahodarimaaril naalaamatheyaalaaya maargarat oru abhibhashakanaaya joonn kulhan pinneedu kavi maikkal casey vivaham kazhichu. avarude rund sahodaranmaarum abhibhaashakar aayi jolie cheythirunnu.
rashtreeya jeevitam.
sakthamaaya oru republican kudumbathilaanu hannah sheehi-skeffington janichathu. jaims konnoliyil ninnu avar swaadheenikkappedukayum 1913 leeii lokkttil mattu vottarmaarodoppam liberty haalil pravartthikkukayum samarakkaarude kudumbangalkk bhakshanam nalkukayum cheythu.
1908ll aii. dablyu. eph. ell. sthaapikkukayum bharthavinoppam "airish pouran" enna prasidheekaranam sthaapikkukayum cheytha sheehi-skeffington irelandil sthreekalkku vottavakaasham labhikkaan kadinamaayi poraadi. 1916ll jii. pii. oykku sandeshangalum bhakshanavum athichu uyaran sahayichathinaal avarude sakthamaaya republican bandhangalum kaanichu.
1914 augustil pottippurapetta onnaam lokamahaayudhathil pankedukkunnathine avar shakthamayi ethirkkukayum 1915 eprilil hegeyil nadanna anthaaraashtra vanita kongrasil pankedukkunnathil ninnu britiish sarkkar thadayukayum cheythu. adutha juunil avarude bharthaavine niyamana virudha pravarthanangalkku jayililadachu. pinneedu 1916-leeii eesttar raisinginide britiish sainikar arast cheytha sesham addeham vediyettu kollappettu. rund divasam kadannupokunnathuvare aval avante maranathekkurichu arinjilla. bharthaavinte maranathinu nashtapariharam nalkaan sheehi-skeffington visammathichu. oru saadhaarana "pouran" reporter vottavakashamulla suhruthumaaya (oru kaalath anuyojyamaaya niratthilulla sheelukal vaangiyirunna) lilian mettj anushochanathode ezhuthukayum thante dukkham pankidukayum cheythu.
avarkk pinthuna nalkikkond avar siin fenumaayi sakhyamundaakki. 1916 desemberil airish swaathanthryathinaayulla poraattathekkurichu samsarikkaanum siin fenine prathinidheekarichu avabodham valarthaanum avar uslake pooyi, 250 yogangalil pankedutthu. 1917ll madangiyethiya avar siin feninte executive aayi. 1917 octoberil cheruthum vishayavumaaya desheeyathakalude leagile eaka airish prathinidhiyaayirunnu avar, avide mattu niravadhi sambhavakarkkoppam avarkk jerman anukoola anubhaavamundenn aaropikkapettu. onnaam lokamahaayudhathinushesham vare yunaittad kingdatthil nirodhichirunna "enikku ariyaavunnathupole britiish militarism" avar prasidheekarichu. brittanilekku madangiyethiya avar veendum thadavilakkappettu, ithavana holloy jayilil. mochithayaaya sesham, sheehi-skeffington newyork nagaratthil 1918 ll nadanna airish rays kanvenshanil pankedukkukayum pinneedu airish aabhyanthara yudhasamayathu karar virudha iraye pinthunaykkukayum cheythu.
1920-ll avar oru kaunsilaraayi doublin korppareshanil cherukayum 1926-ll avar oru executive aayi fayana failil cherukayum cheythu; ennirunnaalum, avar eee sthaanam oru varsham maathrame nilanirtthiyulloo. 1930kalil airish republican aarmiyude "aan phooblaakt" enna jenalinte asisttant edittaraayirunnu avar. vadakkan irelandil ninnu avare vilakkia oru ozhivakkal utharavu lamghichathinu 1933 januvariyil avar neuryil arasttilaayi. vichaaranavelayil avar paranju "oru vibhajanavum njaan amgeekarikkunnilla. ente swantham rajyath aayirikkunnath oru kuttakrithyamallennu njaan amgeekarikkunnu. angane cheythaal ente swantham perilum kollapetta ente bharthaavinte perilum njaan lajjik... republic deerghakaalam jeevichirikkatte!"oru maasathe thadavinu sikshikkappettu.
1943leeii pothutheranjeduppil, 66-aamm vayassil, shaihi-skeffington doublin southu niyojakamandalatthil oru swatantra sthaanaarthiyaayi daylinaayi nilakondu. avarkk 917 vottukal (1.7%) labhichu, avar thiranjedukkappettilla.
feminism edapedal.
airish vanita thozhilaalli yooniyante sthaapaka amgavum irelandile britiish saamraajyathvathe aazhathil ethirtha ezhuthukaariyumaayirunnu sheehi-skeffington. trade unionistum saha vottar sissi kahalan aaya sheehi-skeffington adutha suhruthaayirunnu. 1908 novemberil airish vanita franchisee leag roopeekarikkappettu, athinte sthaapaka amgangalil sheehi-skeffington, bharthaav, maargarat cussins, jaims cussins ennivar ulppedunnu. panthrand sthaapaka amgangalil ninnaan ithu aarambhichathenkilum, aii.dablyu.eph.irupathaam noottaandinte thudakkathil nilaninnirunna ettavum valia vottavakaasha grooppukalilonnaayi njaan maari. aii.dablyu.eph.ell. airish swaathanthryathinte abhavam, hoome ruul billinu anusrithamaayi sthreekale votting prakriyayil ninnu ozhivakkal, pothuve sthreekalude avakaashangalude abhavam thudangiya vishayangalil pooraadunnathil shradha kendreekaricha oru theevravaada samghadanayaayirunnu ithu.
nirddishta hoome ruul billil sthreekalkkulla vottukal ulppeduthiyittunde urappaakkuka ennathaayirunnu aii. dablyu. eph. ellinte pradhana lakshyam. raajyathudaneelam samghadippikkappetta ralikalkkoppam dablinile phoenix parkkil aazhchathorum yogangal nadannu. maargarat cussins parayunnathanusarichu, avarude pravartthanangal valareyadhikam sathrutha nerittu, ennirunnaalum 1912 aayappozhekkum avarkk ekadesham 1000 amgangal undayirunnathaayi kanakkakkappettu, ithu irelandile ettavum valia vottavakaasha samoohamaayi maari.
1912 juun 13nuu doublin kottayude janalakal thakarthathinu avalum mattu ezhu sthreekalum arasttilaayi. juun 20nuu avarkoppam saha votermaaraaya maargarat pammer, jaine, maargarat marfi ennivarkkum shiksha vidhichu. pizha adaykkaan visammathichathin sesham oru maasam koodi avar moundjoy jayilil thadavu anubhavichu. rashtreeya thadavukaarude prathyekaavakaashangal avarkk nalkappettu.
1913 novemberil shaihi-skeffington yaadhaasthithika party nethaavaaya bonar niyamathinum alsttar unionist nethaavaaya sarr edward carsoninum laghulekhakal nalkaan shramichu. oru police udyogasthane aakramichathinu sesham avale arast cheyyukayum veendum moundjoy jaililekku ayaykkukayum cheythu. mochithayaakunnathuvare avar anchu divasam nirahara samarathilaayirunnu.
feminist theevravaadatthil thudarnnum earppettirunnathinu 1913-ll shaihi-skeffington rathmines school oof komezhsile adthyaapika enna nilayil ninnu pirichuvittu.
1918 augustil westmoreland streettilvech avar arasttilaayi. avale vadhuvinu keezhilulla jayililekkum pinneedu holloy jayililekkum kondupoyi avide aval nirahara samarathil earppettu.
moudu goonn, charlot depard ennivarodoppam, airish aabhyantharayudhathinte anantharafalamaayi thadavilakkappetta 7000-ladhikam republicanmarkkaayi prachaaranatthinum dhanasamaaharanathinumaayi vanita thadavukaarude prathirodha leag sthaapikkaan sheehi-skeffington sahayichu.
1926 joolaiyil samadhaanathinum swaathanthryathinumulla vanita anthaaraashtra leag dablinil vaarshika sammelanam nadatthi. mattu irupathonnu airish prathinidikalkkoppam sheehi-skeffington pankedutthu. president dablyu.aii.ell.eph.pii.eph, francis sheehi-skeffingtoninte dheerathaye jaine adams prashamsichu, athinu sheehi-skeffington nandiyullavanaayirunnu. 1929ll praagile konfaransil sheehi-skeffington pankedutthu.
1933 januvariyil armag jayilil kazhiyunna vanita republican thadavukaarkku vendi samsarikkaan avar vadakkan irelandil praveshichu. rashtreeya record kaaranam vadakkan irelandil praveshikkunnathil ninnu avare vilakkukayum pinneedu arast cheyyukayum pathinanju divasam thadavilaakkukayum cheythu.
1935ll vanita birudadhaarikalude samghadanaye prathinidheekarichu avar sthreekalude thozhil avasarangal niyantrikkunnathinaayi nischayichirunna thozhil billinte vyavasthakalkkethire samsaarichu.
1937ll sthreekalumaayi bandhapetta puthiya airish bharanaghadanayude bhaagangalilulla athrupthi kaaranam avar vanita saamoohika, purogamana leaginte sthaapaka amgamaayi.
airish pouran 1912-1920.
shaihi-skeffington maargarat cussins aarambhicha oru feminist pathramaayirunnu airish sittisan. 1912 meyy 25nuu ettu pejulla prathivaara pathramaayi ithu aadyamaayi prasidheekarichu. 1912 joonode ithu 3,000 koppikal vilkkukayum 10,000 vaayanakkaare vare athikkukayum cheythu. purushanmarkkum sthreekalkkum pourathvam thulyamaayi; purushanmarkkum sthreekalkkum pourathvam thulyamaayi' ennathaayirunnu pathratthinte mudraavaakyam.
sthaapakarude bharthaakkanmaaraaya francis sheehi-skeffington, jaims cussins ennivaraayirunnu prasidheekaranatthinte aadya edittarmaar.
1919 octoberil sheehi-skeffington, "irelandile vanita vottavakaashathinteyum feminismer lakshyam munnott kondupokunnathinaanu" pathram sthaapithamaayathennu paranju... koodaathe, athu thozhil avakaashangalkk vendi, prathyekichu vanita thozhilaallikalude avakaashangalkk vendi nilakondu... irelandinte svayam nirnnayathinu vendiyaanu njangal nilakondathu."aabhyantharabharanam, deseeyatha, feminism thudangiya vishayangal pathram ulppeduthi. athu sthreekalkkum vottavakaasha prasthaanathinum avarude kaazhchappaadukal prakadippikkaan avarude swantham shabdam nalki. lisbanil ninnulla lilian mettj, vottavakaasha prachaaranatthiludaneelavum onnaam lokamahaayudhakaalathum pathratthinaayi lekhanangal ezhuthi.
1916ll bharthaav vediyettu marichappol hannah sheehi-skeffington edittar sthaanam ettedukkukayum 1920ll prasidheekaranam nirthunnathuvare eee rolil thudarnnu.
amerikkayile prabhaashana toorukal 1917-1923.
bharthaavinte maranathekkurichu paraamarshichukondu bovan-coltherstinte court-maarshyalile vidhikkusesham, sheehi-skeffington phalatthil samthrupthayallaathathinaal avalude katha amerikkayilekku konduvaraan theerumaanichu. amerikkayiludaneelam pathonpathu maasatholam nadanna 250 ladhikam yogangalil avar 'britiish militarism' prakadippichu.
1917 januvari 6 nuu newyork nagaratthile karnegi haalil shaihi-skeffington aadyamaayi prathyakshappettu. athinusesham, avar nyoo englandu samsthaanangalilum kizhakk bosttanilum paryadanam nadatthi, avide "boosttan globe" avare "oru athbhuthakaramaaya sthree" ennu visheshippikkunnu. avalude aathmaniyanthranavum aathmaniyanthranavum shradheyamaayirunnu ". masaachyusetsile pittsfeeldil "pittsfield dayley nyoos" report cheythathu "prekshakarkku bheethiyundaakkiya sainika adhikaarikal dablinil nadatthiya kathakal parayumbol speakerude athbhuthakaramaaya samachithathayum aathmaniyanthranavum kandu sannihithar athbhuthappettu" ennaanu.
nyoo heven, springfield, westfield, hartford, bridgeport, laurence, merriden, torrington, fitchberg, nyoo bedford, salem, loval, vorsestar, malden, holyock, waterbury ennividangalile valia janakkoottatheyum avar abhisambodhana cheythu. columbia, harward sarvakalaashaalakalilum avar prabhashanangal nadatthi.
februvari 25 muthal sheehi-skeffington madhya padinjaaran mekhalayilekku yaatra cheythu. chikkagoyile pramukha vyakthikal ulppede 3,000-thiladhikam aalukalumayi chikkagoyile oorkkastra haalil avar ettavum vijayakaramaya metingukal nadatthi. maadhyamapravarthakar, supreme kodathi jadjimar, purohitar, thozhil nethaakkal, samaadhaanavaadikal, watermar, pathrapravartthakar, soshyalistukal ennivarum avarude prabhaashana paryadanangalil pankedutthu.
sheehi-skeffington march 4 nuu kizhakode epril 11 nuu midu vestt bhaagathekkum madangi. 1917 leeii vasanthakaalath avarude paryadanangal padinjarottu neengaan thudangi. avar california, loss enchals, siyaattil, portland, mondaana, butt, pasadena, saan francisco ennividangalilekku yaatra cheythu.
vividha nagarangalilekku thante paryadanangal vyaapippikkaan aagrahichathinaal nyoo meksikoo, nebrasca, misauri, alasca ennividangalil paryadanam nadatthaan sheehi-skeffington aagrahichenkilum athu phalavathaayilla.
1918 januvariyil, shihi-skeffingtonin kuman naa embaanile sthreekalil ninnu oru harji labhichu. svayam nirnnayathinaayi irelandinte avakaashavaadam munnottuvaykkukayum america swaathanthryathinaayi pooraadunna cheria rajyangalil irelandine ulppeduthanamennu president vilsoninode abhyarthikkukayum cheythu".
juun vareyulla varaanirikkunna maasangalil, sheehi-skeffington midu vestt, saan francisco ennividangalilekku madangi. 1918 juun 27 nuu makan ooven sheehi-scafingtoninoppam newyork nagaram vidunnathinu munbu meyy maasathil maadisan square gaardanil samsaaricha avar thante prabhaashana paryadanangalude aadya raundu avasaanippichu.
thante prabhaashanangalude randaam roundil, iman dii valera irelandilekku thirike vilicha muriel maxwiney avar maatti. 1922ll kathleen bolland, linda keyrons ennivaykkoppam avar american aikyanaadukalude padinjaaran bhagam thudarnnu.
airish thadavukaarudeyum avarude kudumbangaludeyum durithaashwaasathinaayi panam swaroopikkaan aagrahichathinaal avar kizhakode madhya padinjarottum yaatra cheythu. avarude prasamgangalil, swaathanthryasamarasamayathe irelandile saahacharyangalil avar shradha kendreekarichu. 1923 meyy maasathil avasaanicha avarude paryadanatthil prathinidhi samgham 123,000 dollar samaaharichu.
pinneedulla jeevithavum maranavum.
68-aamm vayassil dablinil vachu avar marikkukayum bharthavinoppam glassnevin semitheriyil samskarikkappedukayum cheythu.
paarambaryamaayi.
irelandile kaundi korkkile kaanturkkil avarude oru venkala prathimayundu.
1990kalil, yooniversitti koleju dablinile vanita padanatthile chila vidyaarthikal sthreekalude avakashangalkkum moonnaam thala vidyaabhyaasathilekkalu thulya praveshanathinum avar nalkia sambhaavanakale maanikkunnathinaayi avarude lingapatana kettidatthinu sheehi-skeffington ennu punarnaamakaranam cheyyanamennu apekshichu. avarude bharthaav francis shee-skeffington thanne sarvakalaashaalayude poorvva vidyaarthiyum yuu. sii. diyile sahodari sarvakalashaalayaaya royal sarvakalaashaalayude shee-skefingtonumaayirunnu. avarude pracharanam vijayikkukayum kettidatthe hannah sheehi skeffington kettidam ennu punarnaamakaranam cheyyukayum cheythu.
2018ll anaachaadanam cheytha landanile paarlament squareile millisent fosettinte prathimayude adithattil avarude perum chithravum (mattu 58 vanita vottavakaasha pinthunakkaarude) undu.
sthreekalude vottavakaashathinaayulla prathishedhatthinide doublin kottayile sheehi-skeffington janalakal thakartthathinte smaranaykkaayi oru neela phalakam doublin kottayude kappal theruvil kaanam. avarude prabandhangal "sheehi skeffington peppezhs" shekharathinte bhaagamaayi irelandile deseeya libraryil sookshichirikkunnu.

