
sent maathyoovinte vilii

yesukristhu thanne pinthudaraan matheye prerippikkunna nimisham chithreekarikkunna kaaravaagiyoyude oru paintingaanu dhaa colling oof seyint maathyoo. romil saan luigi dee fraansisiyile franch sabhayude palliyile kondaralli chappalinaayi 1599-1600 ll ithu poortthiyaakki, avide athu avasheshikkunnu. kaaravaagiyoyude matheevinte mattu rund paintingukalkkoppam ithu thoongikkidakkunnu, "vishudha maathivinte rakthasaakshithvam" ("vilikkunna athe samayat varacha)," vishudha maathivinte prachodanam "(1602).
kammeeshan.
oru pathittaand munbu, cardinal maathyoo cointeral (itaaliyan bhashayil, maattiyo kondaralli) thante vilppathrathil thante perumaayi bandhapetta vishayangale adisthaanamaakki oru chaappalinte alankaarathinaayi nirddishta nirddeshangalum nalkiyirunnu. kaaravaagiyoyude muun thozhiludamayum akkaalathe romile ettavum janapriya chithrakaaranmaaril oralumaaya antharicha perumaattachattakkaarana giuseppe sesari chaappalinte thaazhikakkudam chuvarchithrangalaal alankarichirunnu. ennaal sisaariyude rajakeeya, marpappa rakshaakarthruthvathil thirakkilaayappol, kaaravaagiyoyude rakshadhikaariyum sent peettezhsinte (palli swathinaayulla vaattikkan oafees) fabricayude prefectum aaya kardinal francesco dell monde, kaaravaagiyoykku thante aadyathe pradhana palli commission oru pidi chithrangalulla aadya painting labhikkaan edapettu.
vishudha maathyoovinte rakthasaakshithvathinu vipareethamaayi "vilikkunnu". rakthasaakshithvam" orupakshe aadyam aarambhichathaanenkilum, report anusarichu, "vilii" aayirunnu aadyam poortthiyaakkiyathu. eee rund paarshwachithrangalkkulla kammeeshan-"vilikkal", "rakthasaakshithvam"-1599 joolaiyilaanu, anthima thuka 1600 joolaiyil nalki. iruvarkkumidayil, balipeetathil, "vishudha maathyoovinte prachodanam" (1602) aanu.
vishayam.
mathaayiyude suvisheshathil ninnulla katha eee chithram chithreekarikkunnu (mathaayi 9:9): "yeshu mathaayi enna oru manushyane aachaarabhavanathile thante irippidathil kandu," enne anugamikkuka "ennu paranju, mathaayi ezhunnettu avane anugamichu."mattu naalu perkkoppam oru meshayil irikkunna nikuthidaayakane caravagio chithreekarikkunnu. yesukristhuvum vishudha peettarum muriyil praveshichu, yeshu mathaayiyilekku viral choondunnu. oru prakashakiranam yeshukristhuvine nokkunna meshappurathulla manushyarude mukhangal prakashippikkunnu. pala barok kalakaaranmaarkkum chitrakalayil, prathyekichu kaaravaagiyoyil thaalpparyamundaayirunna athmeeya unarvinteyum parivartthanatthinteyum oru nimishatthinte thithreekaranamaanithu.
maathivinte vyakthithvam.
meshappurathulla thaadiyulla manushyante athbhuthakaramaaya aamgyam rund tharatthil vaayikkaan kazhiyunnathinaal chithratthile aaa manushyan vishudha maathyoovaanu ennathinekkurichu chila charchakal nadakkunnundu.
vilikkunna" mikka ezhuthukaarum vishudha maathyoovine thaadiyulla manushyanaanennu karuthukayum addeham svayam choondikkaanikkunnathaayi kaanukayum cheiyunnu, "ennodu chodikkunnathupole?"kristhuvinte vilipperukalkk marupadiyaayi. eee parambarayile mattu rund kruthikal, "vishudha maathivinte prachodanam", "vishudha maathivinte rakthasaakshithvam" enniva kanakkiledukkumbol eee sidhaantham shakthippedunnu. vishudha maathyoovaayi maathrkayaakkunna thaadi manushyan moonnu kruthikalilum prathyakshappedunnu, "prachodanam", "rakthasaakshithvam" ennivayil vishudha maathyoovinte punk addeham vyakthamaayi avatharippikkunnu.
thaadiyulla aal yadhaarthathil meshayude attathulla thala kuninjirikkunna cheruppakkaarane choondikkaanikkunnunnu ettavum puthiya oru vyaakhyaanam nirddeshikkunnu. eee vaayanayil thaadiyulla manushyan chodikkunnu "avano?"kristhuvinte samansukalkku marupadiyaayi, oru yuva mathyoo kristhuvine kaanaan thala uyarthunnathinu thottumumbulla nimishamaan paintingil chithreekarichirikkunnathu. mattu ezhuthukaar eee paintingine manappoorvvam avyakthamaanenn visheshippikkunnu.
kristhuvinte vyakthithvam.
puthiya niyamathil namakaranam cheythirikkunna avasaanathe aadam allengil randaamathe aadam aayi yeshuvine chithreekarichathaayi chila pandithanmaar anumaanikkunnu. ithu mathaayiyilekku neengumbol kristhuvinte kaiyil pradharshippichirikkunnu. kaaravaagiyoyude perilulla maikkalanchaloyude "aadam srishtiyil" aadaminte kaiyude eathaandu prathichaayayulla chithramaanith. puthiya niyamathil randuthavana yesuvum aadaam thammil vyakthamaaya thaarathamyam cheyyappettittund. oru manushyante anusaranakkedu moolam palarum paapikalaayitheernnathupole, oru manushyante anusaranathiloode palarum neethimaanmaaraayitheerumenna" (romah 5; 19, nivu) romah poulos vaadikkunnu. 1 korinthyar <aii. dii. 1> ll, poulos vaadikkunnathu "aadaamil ellaavarum marikkunnathupole, kristhuvil ellaavarum jeevanode srishtikkappedum", athesamayam 45-aamm vaakyathil addeham yeshuvine "avasana/aathyanthika/avasana aadam" ennu vilikkunnu.
shaili.
kondaralli chaappalile aduthulla moonnu caravagio kaanvaasukal, sesariyude avasaanathe pradhana pariseelakanaaya aadarshaparamaaya perumaattatthil ninnu, karavagiyoyum annibal carassie prathinidheekarikkunna puthiyathum kooduthal prakrithidathavum vishayathe adisthaanamaakkiyullathumaya kalayilekku nirnnayakamaaya maattathe prathinidheekarikkunnu avaa avarude kaalath valare swaadheenamullavayaayirunnu.
chila vidhangalil, leviyude munny table bhooribhaagam plebian, eathaandu aaldairkhyamulla nivaasikalum kaaravaagiyoyude prashasthamaaya mathethara vibhaagathilulla painting "cardsharps" (1595) ulppede mattu caravagio paintingukalile vyakthikalkk thulyaraanu.
eee paintingil, iruttum kanwas cheytha janala meshaykkullil sthithicheyyunnathaayi kaanapedunnu. kristhu irikkunna nikuthidaayakarude irunda sthalathekku yadhaartha prakasham konduvarunnu. eee chithram rund lokangalude koottiyidi rekhappeduthunnu-amartya vishwaasathinte ozhichukoodaanaavaatha shakti, leviyude laukikavum parajayappettathumaaya lokam. yeshu avane prakashakiranam kondu virattunnu, anaayaasamaaya kaii aamgyathode avan ozhivaakkaanaavaatha udaathamaaya guruthwaakarshanam nadathunnu, laukika peshikale vranappeduthenda aavasyamilla. thante nagnapaadangal vishudha akkoundantumaarude lalithamaaya lalithathayilninnu vyathyasthamaan; oraal vishudhabhoomiyilullathu nagnapaadanaayirikkunnathu vishudhiyude pratheekamaayirikkam. damaaskasilekkulla vazhiyile parivartthanatthil" polynode addeham perumaariyathin samaanamaayi, caravagio oru dainamdina dinacharya athbhuthangalaal thadassappeduthunna nimisham vivarikkunnu. maatt aayitheerunna manushyan chuttumullavar onnukil thirichariyaathavaro aswastharallaathavaro aanu.
mathyuvilekku viral choondumbol yeshuvinte aamgyavum maikkalanchaloyude sisteen chappalil aadaamine unarthumbol daivathinte aamgyavum thammilulla saamyam kaaravaagiyoyude prekshakar kandirikkum. kristhuvinte idathukaiyude varii pinthudarnnu, addehathe lokathekku pinthudaraan maathyoovine shanikkunnathaayi thonnunnu. "eee vyakthamaaya spashtatha, pala reethiyilulla paintingukalil ninnum valare vyathyasthamaan... eee kruthiyude valia janapreethikk kaaranamaayi."kristhuvinte kaiyude sthaanam, ennirunnaalum, sisteen chaappalile aadaaminte sthaanathe prathifalippikkunnu; kristhuvine randaamathe aadamaayi sabha kanakkakki. ennaal aadyathe aadam ennathupole, jeevan sammanikkunnathinupakaram, pakaram kristhuvaanu athu nalkunnathu, levi oru puthiya jeevithathilekku mathyoo ennu vilikkunnu.
prathikaranangal.
cheruppatthil thanne palappozhum saan luigiyil paintinginekkurichu chinthikkaan poyathaayi francis marpappa paranju. kristhuvinte neettiya bhujatheyum mathaayiyude prathikaranatheyum paraamarshichukondu francis paranju, "ithu njaan, karthaav thante nottam thirinja oru paapiyaan."
ithe vishayathekkurichulla mattu paintingukal.
maathyoovinte viliyude mattu niravadhi aadyakaala aadhunika praathinidyangalundu. randennam kaaravaagiyoykku munbu varachathaanenkilum caravagio avare neridendi varumennu saadhyathayilla.

