
chaals welford levitt

oru american landscape aarkkitekt, arban planner, sivil enchineeyar ennee nilakalil prashasthanaaya chaals welford levitt (1871-1928) long ailand, newyork, nyoojezhsi estettukalile vipulamaaya poonthottangal muthal cubayile federal paarkkukal, puerto recoyile hotelukal, florida, newyork ennividangalile pattanangalude padhathikal vare ellaam roopakalppana cheythu. newyork prasadhakanaaya juuliyas david stern levittine "enchineeyar, aartist, nayathanthranjan ennivarude apoorva samyojanam" ennum levitt thiranjeduttha bahumukhamaaya currier, pothu-swakaarya kammeeshanukalkkidayil maarukayum kadinamaaya enchiniyaring muthal sensues garden design vare ellaam sweekarikkukayum sambannaraaya samrambhakar muthal kaundi kammeeshanarmaar vare ellaavarumaayum charchakalkku ahvaanam cheyyukayum cheythu. thante kaalaghattatthile pramukha landscape aarkkidekttukalil oralaaya levitt newyork nagaratthile columbia sarvakalashaalayil landscape aarkkidekcharinekkurichuri patanam kandethaan sahayichu, avide sarvakalaashaalayude puthiya naalu varshathe prograamile aadyathe moonnu professormaaril oraalaayirunnu addeham.
aadyakaala jeevitam.
chaals welford levitt juuniyar. 1871 march 13 nuu nyoojezhsiyile revertonil chaals welford esaarinte makanayi janichu. koodaathe saara (alibon) levitt. connectikkattile washingtonile gunnery schoolilum pensylvaniayile cheltenhaamile cheltenham milittari academyilum addeham vidyaabhyaasam nedi. chaals welford levitt juuniyar. 1899-ll nyoojezhsiyile essex felsil vachu clara gorden vaittine vivaham kazhicha eee dambathikalkku pinneedu naalu kuttikalundaayi.
professional currier.
eest jezhsi vaattar kambaniyil nirmmaana chumatala vahikkunna asisttant enchineeyaraayi levitt thante currier aarambhichu, thudarnnu caldwell reyilveyil cherukayum nyoojezhsiyile essex felse pattanatthil enchineeyaraayi pravartthikkukayum cheythu, avide addeham enchiniyaring nirmmanavum nirddeshichu. 1897 aayappozhekkum levitt newyork nagaratthil svanthamaayi practies aarambikkukayum landscape design, sivil enchiniyaring, vaasthuvidya ennee mekhalakalil valia padhathikal ettedukkaan thudangukayum cheythu.
levitt oru aavasyamulla vidagdhanaayi, prathyekichu landscape, garden design ennivayil, walter pii polulla vyakthikalude estettukalile poonthottangal roopakalppana cheythu. chrysler, vilyam sii. vitni, addehathinaayi levitt thante estettil oru swakaarya rays track roopakalppana cheythu, henry villis bendell, danielle ezz. lamond, foxhall pii. keane, felix emm. warberg, lilian sephttan dodge, echu. fletcher braun, iii. keey. koonn, jorjju sii. smith, isachar cosen III, calton maasi, jorjju bii. poost, haari keey. naapp, aansan dablyu. kadinavum mattullavayum. levittinte landscape kammeeshanukalil bhooribhaagavum nyoojezhsi vettayaadal rajyath long ailandinte vadakkan theerathumaayirunnu, ennaal addeham pasadena, california, dulut, minnesota thudangiya doorangalilum pravarthichu. chilappol mattu aarkkitektukal roopakalppana cheytha veedukalil landscape aarkkitektaayi addeham pravarthichu; palappozhum veedukalum sameepathulla landscaping addeham roopakalppana cheythu.
valia itaaliyan poonthottangal (chaals shwab estettu, loretto, pensylvania) muthal kooduthal aduppamulla kaattupookkalude chuttupaadukal (jeey. eiii. haskell estettu, redu baank, nyoojezhsi). saadhaaranayaayi, sambannarude poonthottangalkkayulla levittinte roopakalppanakal praadeshika bhooprakrithi, veedinte achuthandu, praadeshika janthujaalangalum sasyajaalangalum enniva kanakkiledukkunnu. kaikuyittil, rockfeller kudumbatthinte veedu, joonn dii. estettilekkulla sameepa roadukal roopakalppana cheiyunnathil rockfeller levittinoppam pravarthichu; addehathinte makan joonn dii. rockfeller juuniyar. pinneedu estettinte landscapingin designer levitt nalkiyengilum aathyanthikamayi estettinte poonthottangal roopakalppana cheyyaan landscape aarkkitekt wells bosworthine thiranjedutthu.
"terressing nirddeshikkaan levittinu budhiyundaayirunnu, prathyekichu veedinte padinjaaru kuthaneyulla charivil", roobert eph ezhuthunnu. paarakkachavadakkaar nirmmicha veettil" baldwin dalsel, ennaal mattoru malsaraarthiyude aakasmikamaaya roopam addehathinte aashayangale attimarichu."
estettukalile levittinte roopakalppana jolikal oduvil addehathe mattu vidoora kammeeshanukalilekku nayichu. udaaharanathinu, foxhall kenninaayi oru veedu roopakalppana cheytha sesham, levitt pinneedu kuthirasavaari, rays track udamayaaya kenninaayi empire sitti rays track, athupole thanne sarattoga, sheepshed bay, belmond paarkk, torrento, montriyal, winnipeg ennividangalile trackukal ulppede niravadhi rays kozhsukal roopakalppana cheythu.
ennaal levittinte thalpparyangal svarnnaniramulla praayathilulla varenyavargakkaarude midaayikalil maathramaayi parimithappedutthiyirunni. nagaraasoothranatthil, prathyekichu datheduttha nagaramaya newyorkkil addeham aazhathilulla thaalparyam prakadippichu. udaaharanathinu, 1922 januvari 3 nuu, sameepakaalathe oru kathayil abhisambodhana cheytha oru prasnamaaya traaphik floyude rootinginekkurichu "dhii newyork times" ezhuthaan levittine prerippichu. "eathoru prashnathinteyum nirmmaanam, pravartthanam, saambathikam, saambathikam ennee vashangal enchineeyarinum addehathinte mekhalaykkum avakaashappettathaan", levitt akkaalathekku ezhuthi. "enchiniyaring prathibhakalum kazhivukalumulla purushanmaarude sambathu kondu sambannamaanu eee nagaram."
nagaratthinte vardhichuvarunna gathagatham nayikkaan kazhinja shaithyakaalath nagaratthile enchineeyarmaar nadatthiya pravartthanatthe levitt prashamsichu-oru pariharam, levitt ezhuthi, athu valia thothil vijayichu. "prachaarana mekhalayil maathramaan parajayam sambhavichathenn thonnunnu", addeham paranju, "enchiniyaring pariseelanam, pala tharatthil poornnamaayum praayogikamaanenkilum, thalakkettukal srishtikkunna kaaryatthil kazhchappadullathum durbalavumaanu."
thante munisippal aasoothrana pravarthanangalil, levitt nagaratthile annathe manoharamaaya vasthuvidyaa prasthaanatthinte sakthamaaya parisheelakanaayi maari. 1920kalil floridayile lakelandil nadanna thadaaka kannaadi sanjaarathinaayulla addehathinte roopakalppana, nagaraasoothranatthile uyarnnuvarunna prasthaanatthinte ettavum ariyappedunna udaaharanangalilonnaanu, ithu landscape roopakalppanayude gathiye maattukayum nagaraasoothranatthinte mukhachaaya maattukayum cheythu. nagarakendratthinte kizhakk bhaagath thadaaka kannaadiyude vashath eee nadattham vrithaakruthiyil oru logia, pothu, swakaarya kettidangalude misrithamulla kaalnada pradesham, oru obelisk shilpathe ulkkollaan roopakalppana cheytha pultthakidiyude oru valia thuranna vritham enniva ulppeduthi (orikkalum nirmmichirunnilla). nirakalum mattu vasthuvidyaa gadakangalum ulla eee neenthalkkaadukal purathana romineo greasineo unarthaanaan uddeshichathu.
1906ll nadappilaakkiya jorjia sarvakalashaala kaambasinaayulla thante padhathiyil, valarnnuvarunna nagara soundarya prasthaanatthinu neethrthwam nalkaan levitt sahayichu. levittinte roopakalppana soundaryaathmaka kalaaroopavumaayi chernnuvenkilum kettidangalude thurassaaya sthalavumaayulla akshabandhathil valare shradha chelutthi. kaambasinaayulla levitt padhathi innu sarvakalaashaalayude aasoothranathil swaadheenam cheluthunnu.
levittinte jorjia padhathikalum mattu pramukha kammeeshanukalum addehathe nyoojezhsiyile somervilleyil panamulla oru enclavaakki maattaan aakamkshayulla jaims buchanan dukineppolulla developermaarude shradhayilppeduthi. 1910-ll duke thante landscape aarkkitektaayi leevittine vaadakaykku eduthu, dukinte nirddishta vikasanathinu kaashe nalkunna valanja vazhikal, konkreett nadathangal, dhaaraalam thanal marangalum alankaara sasyangalum "enniva sthaapikkaan.
levittine thiranjedukkunnathil, duke oru landscape aarkkitektineyum enchineeyarineyum thiranjedutthirunnu, avar developerude toppiyum dharichirunnu. pathonpathaam noottaandinte avasaanathil, levitt philadelphia bisinasukaranaaya aanthani ezz. newyork suburban land kambani srishtikkaan drexel. railway newjezhsiyilekkum thekote sarvees vyaapippikkaan pookukayaanennu arinja sesham, drexel anweshanam nadatthaan levittine ayachu, pinneedu aarkkitektumaayum drexalinte marumakan joonn efumaayum bisinasilekku pooyi. veenu. general vilyam jeey. yill ninnu vangiya avarude pankaalittham. vikasanathinu vendi gauldu cheyyukayum veenathinushesham samoohathinu peru nalkukayum cheythu. (thudarnnulla dushkaramaaya saambathika kaalangal drexalinte estettinte maanejmentinu keezhilulla pankaalitthatthe nirbandhithamaakki-pakshe enchineeyar levitt ippozhum chumathalayilund).
1926ll paarkk kammeeshan samghadippichathinushesham nyoojezhsiyile camden kaundiyum levittine niyamichu. consulting enchineeyarmaaraayi, levittinum addehathinte sthaapanathinum kaundi wide public park kalisthala samvidaanavum vikasippikkanulla chumatala nalki. ennaal camden kaundi pinneedu niravadhi swathukkal vaangi, avaa nannayi bandhapetta camden bisinasukaarude swath moolyangal vardhippikkunnathinu maathramaayi vaangiyathaanennu levitt vaadichu-avaril oraal paarkkukalude kammeeshanaraayirunnu. levittinte aadyakaala padhathikalil chilath upayogappeduthiyenkilum, paarkk kammeeshan athinaal midukkanaaya enchineeyarine pirichuvidukayum angane victor tocking mesheen kambaniyude presidentaaya eldridge jonsante supradhana pinthunayum pinthunayum nashtappedukayum cheythu."
cubayile federal paarkkukal, delaware nadiyile washington crossing paarkk ennivayulppede munisippal paarkkukal levitt roopakalppana cheyyukayum vestt paam beach, florida, garden sitti, newyork ennivayude prarambha taunn planninginte bhooribhaagavum mattu pramukha nagara roopakalppana padhathikalum cheyyukayum cheythu. palisades interstettu paarkk kammeeshante cheef enchineeyaraayi sevanamanushticha addeham, newyorkkile long beach, garden sitti, long ailand, collado springsile smaaraka vaali paarkk, ontaariyoyile torrentoyile lefttanant govarnorude vasathi, pittsburginte forbes feeldile stadium grandstaand roopakalppana cheyyukayum bronxile wood loonn semiteriyude praadhamika landscape aarkkitekt aayirikkukayum cheythu.
newyorkkile hartsdale thamasikkunna chaals levitt, american sosaitti oof sivil enchineeyarmaar, american sosaitti oof landscape aarkkitekts, aarkkitekcharal leag oof newyork ennivayile deerghakaala amgamaayirunnu. pala aarkkidekttukaleyum pole, prathyekichu levitt parisheelichirunna kaalaghattatthil, addeham palappozhum thante professional utharavaadithangalkkum nalla heale klayantukalude sthiramaaya ozhukk nalkia saamoohika bandhangalkkum idayil kuthichuchaattam nadatthi. prathyekichu bisinessile aadya varshangalil, levitt thante pradhana enchiniyaring asisttant roobert dablyu. yeei valareyadhikam aashrayichirunnu. 1913ll maricha seylas.
1928ll pneumonia baadhichu 57-aamm vayassil leavit marichappol, chaals welford leavit & makanayi marria eee sthaapanam 1940 vare sajeevamaayi thudarnnu, leevittinte makan gorden nadatthi. levittinte anushochanakkurippil, "newyork times" kantri clubbukal, rays trackukal, swakaarya estettukal ennivayulppede vyathyastha gadanakalude roopakalppanayum paalisedukal, taunn planning ennivayekkurichulla addehathinte pravartthanangalum paraamarshichu. "dhii times" designare "landscape enchineeyar" ennum "paarkk designer" ennum vilichu."
chaals levittinum bhaarya klaaraykkum jeevichirikkunna naalu kuttikalundaayirunnu, oru sisuvaaya makal naalazhchaykkullil marichu.

