
nokkolachile edavaka

vadakkupadinjaaran nyoo southu veyilsile ularara kaundiyile oru cadestral edavakayaanu nokkolachu edavaka.
kaalavastha.
kuranja mazhayum valare choodulla venalkkaala thapanilayum shaithyakaalath thanutha raathrikalum ulkkollunna kaalavastha ardha varandathaanu. edavakaykku bii. dablyu. echu (choodulla marubhoomi) enna copen kalavastha vargeekaranamundu. 
 ennirunnaalum, eee ghattathil paru nadiyil niravadhi thanneerthadangalundu, ithu edavakaye varanda bhooprakrithiyil oru oyaasis akkunnu.
charithram.
vadakku budjair, kuncha, mardani, thekk paru ennartham varunna paruntiji ennivayaanu paru nadeethadatthinte parambaraagatha udamakal. thaddesheeyaraaya aalukal kuranjathu 14,000 varshamenkilum paruvinoppam thaamasichirunnathaayi ariyappedunnu (robins, 1999).
padinjaaru eathaanum mile kadannupokunna eee pradeshathekkulla aadyathe yooropyanmaaraayirunnu burk aandu wills paryaveshanam.
1840kalil paaroovil meyunnavar akappettuvarikayaayirunnu. avar thaddesheeya bhoovudamakalil ninnu cheruthunilppu neridukayum 1860 vare eee pradeshathe samgharshangal thudarukayum cheythu. ennirunnaalum 1850 muthal svarnnappaadangalilekkula palayanam moolam velutha thozhilaallikalude kuravu moolam adivasi samoohangalil palarum idaya thozhilaalikalumaayi chernnu. 1910 vare thangalude saamskaarika paarambaryangal nilanirthukayum praadeshika, praadeshika chadangukalil pankedukkukayum cheythukondu niravadhi pathittaandukalaayi aadivaasikal eee thozhilshakthiyude oru pradhana bhaagamaayi thudarnnu. ennirunnaalum, 1920 muthal, aadivaasikale nirbandhithamaayi avide ninnu neekkam cheyyaan thudangi.
sarkkar nayaprakaram avarude bhoomi.
1880 muthal 1910 vareyulla varalcha, amita sambharanam, muyalbaadha enniva bhoomi, mannu, thaddesheeya sasyangal, mrugangal ennivaykku vann naashanashtamundaakki.
1978ll eee edavaka nokkolachu prakrithi samrakshana kendratthil ulppeduthi.
eee paru nadiyile thanneerthadangal innu ramser kanvenshanu keezhilulla oru pradhana sthalamaanu.

