
maisan devambes

paareesile oru mikacha printar sthaapanathinte peraanu maisan devambes. 1873 muthal aaa peril pravarthicha ithu 1826 ll rajakeeya kothupanikkaaranaaya hippolait brassex sthaapicha oru achadi bisinesses edward devambes etteduthappol muthal pravarthichu. thudakkathil heraldic kothupanikal, kothupanikalulla lettarhedukal, shanangal ennivayil sthaapanam vaidagdhyam nedi. oorliyans veedu, bonapart veedu, elysse kottaram enniva devambas edapaadukaaril ulppedunnu. parasyavum prachaaranavum, kalakaaranmaarude printukal, adambara parimitha pathipp pusthakangal, oru pradhana art gallery enniva ulppeduthikkondu devambes bisinasinte vyaapthi vipuleekarichu. niravadhi medalukalum bahumathikalum nediya eee veedu paareesile mikacha kothupanikaliloraalayi amgeekarikkappettu. onnaam lokamahaayudhathinushesham edittaraayi kalakaaranaaya edward chimot, pramukha franch kalakaaranmaar, chithrakaaranmaar, affichistukal ennivare niyamichu parimitha pathipp art pusthakangalude oru parambara, swarnna maaskinte adayaalamaaya "eiii ell ensigne duu mask dii oor"-nuu keezhil oru uyarnna nilayiletthi. edovaardinte makan andrey devambes prix dii roome labhichathinu sesham oru prashastha chitrakaaranum chithrakaaranumaayi.
1826-1873: devambasinu munbulla bisinesses.
1827-ll franco-russian yuddham sthaapikkunnathinu thottumunbu devambes ettedutha kothupani bisinesses nambar. 17, panoramayude bhagam, ilaya brassexinte oru "mithamaaya kada" enna nilayil. luis philipp onnaaman rajaavinaayi pravarthichathaayi ariyappettirunna palays-royalinte gaalarikalil sthaapicha oru kothupanikkaaranaaya brassexinte ilaya sahodaranaayirunnu addeham. thante sahodaran enna nilayil ilaya brassex staambukal, medalukal, heraldic kothupanikal, kallu kothupanikal ennivayil vaidagdhyamullayaalaayirunnu. . 1927ll "laami dess letress" enna prasidheekaranathil prasidheekaricha oru lekhanam anusarichu, brassex thante bisinessil mithamaaya vijayam nedukayum thante upabhokthru adithara ganyamaayi vardhippikkunnathil vijayikkukayum cheythilla. 1863ll addeham eee bisinesses oru dasalaksham dollarinu vittu. belts. adutha ezhu varshathekku athu nadatthiya bisinesses belts vittu, athinusesham athu edward devambes vaangi.
 
devambes kothupaniyum mikacha achadiyum.
edward devambes oru karakaushala vidagthan mathramalla, oru kalaakaaran koodiyaayirunnu (pusthaka-phalakangalude kothupanikkaaranaayi benesittil vivarichirikkunnu). eee kalaparamaaya swabhaavam typography, kothupani, roopakalppana ennivayile ruchi, santhulithaavastha, anuyojyatha ennivayekkurichulla chodyangalkku sookshumamaaya shradha urappakki.
1878ll venkala medal 1889ll "aartistik printing aandu heraldic painting" vibhaagathil vellimedal nediya devambes paareesile exposition yooniversalil thante srishtikal pradarshippikkaan thudangi.
pusthaka achadiyum nirmmanavum; type founting; steel, chembu, ledu, maram, kallu ennivayil kothupanikal; printing; typography; lithography; kalar printing, kalar lithography; calligraphy; colouring; stamping; binding; golding; mashi, peyint, jenalukal, ledgerukal, pepparukal, boxukal, nischalamaaya, thukal saadhanangal, prathyeka thunitharangal ennivayude vilppana ennivayaayirunnu akkaalathe laa maisan devambasinte savisheshathakal.
1890-ll, bisinesses 63, paas dess panoramaasilekku maari, avide oru lalithamaaya printing studiyoyaayi aarambhichath oru abhimaanakaramaaya storaayi maari, athu house oof oorliyans, rolland bonapart, bulgariayile saar ferdinand onnaaman, elysse kottaram, hotel dii ville thudangiya upabhokthaakkale aakarshichu, audyogika menukkalude achadiyum russiayile chakravarty nicolas randaaman, chakravarty alexandra fiodorovna thudangiya videsha raajaakkanmaarkk 1901 septambar 18 nuu dunkerk sandarshichathinu sweekarana paripaadikalkkum chumathalappedutthi. porchugalile raajakudumbathinte audyogika kothupanikkaaranaayi devambasine niyamichu. speyinile rajaavinteyo grettu brittanile rajaavinteyo sandarshanangal polulla pradhana sambhavangalkkayi parambaraagatha "livre dii oor" ("suvarnna pusthakam" allengil avatharana vaalyam), paasttar instittyoott, redu cross, mattullava ennivaykkaayi "livrez dii oor" enniva devambes nirmmichu. onnaam lokamahaayudhathinushesham, marichavarude smaranaykkaayi sthaapanam "livrez dii oor" nirmmichu, udaaharanathinu "livre dii oor dii laa kompagni algerian 1914-1918".
1897ll brasselsil swarnna medel, 1898ll torrentoyil diploma oof oonar, 1900ll exposition yoonivezhsal dii paareesil "engraving aandu printing" vibhaagathil swarnna medel ennivayumaayi exposition yooniversalukalil kooduthal medalukal nediya laa maisan devambesinte prashasthi valarnnu. eee pradarshanatthil (jooriyile amgamaayi edward devambes sevanamanushtichathinu) addehathe shevelier dii laa lejian dii oonar ennu namakaranam cheyyukayum "sradheyamaaya vaanijya" enna prashasthamaaya padavi nedukayum cheythu.
emm. 1900 leeii vivaranathekkurichu report cheythukondu lahur ezhuthi 
'monsiyar devambes, oru kalakarante aathmaavode, thante kalaye abhiniveshathode snehikkunnu, pakshe ithu devambessine paareesile munnira kothupanikalilonnaayi maattunnathil addehathe thadassappeduthiyittilla. addehathinte muzhuvan pradarshanavum emm nediya prashasthi nediya kalaparamaaya ruchiyum sookshumamaaya nirvvahanavum kaanikkunnu. athu saadhyamaayirunnenkil devambas kooduthal valarumaayirunnu.'"
 bisinasinte yadhaartha athirukalkkappurathekku athinte vipuleekaranam parisaratthinte vipuleekaranathinu kaaranamaayi. thante pradhana ethiraaliyaaya sternum sthithicheyyunna panoramas pathayil ninnu purathupokunnathinupakaram, devambes aduthulla rund kadakal koodi etteduthu.
1923 juun 2 nuu edward devambes antharichu.
gallery devambes.
1897ll 43, bullaward menherbukalil gallery devambes thurannu. thudakkathil ithu yadhaartha printukal-lithographukal, echingukal, dripoyintukal-vaattar kalarukalude faisimile printukal ennivaykkulla vilppana autlettaayi mathramaayirunnu ithu upayogichirunnathu. onnaam lokamahaayudhasamayathu chalcography duu louver srishticha printukal wilkan gallery louver (adachu) upayogichirunnu.
aadyathe "kaattalog dii 'staamps dii art, editions dii grand luxes dii laa gallery devambes" thaazhepparayunna kalakaaranmaarude parimitha pathipp printukal pattikappeduthunnu adler, boudox, berthoud, boichard, brautt, bernard bottatt dii monvel, bookie, jii. keyne, echu. chabanian, jii. charpentier, damman, desire lucas, mme desteyliyezhs-sevrin, karoo delwile, andrey devambes, duchemin, adrian ettiyen [drin], frypond, pennekwin, albert gilloom, labrooch, herbeed, jeey. bii. hyoot, mouris leloyar, lesej, loraine, aarr. loraine, mignot, mordant, mouris pneumont, gabriel nikkolat, plaas, richard raanft, rochegross. simond, mouris tackwoy, reymond woog, wideman. gaii arnox polulla kalakaaranmaarude achadi parimitha pathipp aalbangalum devambes prasidheekarichu (udaaharanathinu 1918 ll prasidheekaricha 10 pocoir printukalude oru koottamaaya "tamporse ettu trompets").
1908num 1931num idayil gallery devambezil nadanna pradarshanangalude poornnamaaya pattika nilavililla. ennirunnaalum pala pradarshanangaludeyum kaattalogukal paareesile musey dess arts decarotifukalude libraryilaanu. 2009ll piyar sanches galleryile pradarshanangaleyum kalakaaranmaareyum kurichu oru pusthakam prasidheekarichu.
1908 october 19 muthal november 5 vare pradharshippicha auguste roadin varacha chithrangalude oru pradhana pradarshanamaayirunnu gallery devambesile aadya pradarshanam.
pala chithrangaludeyum laingika swabhaavam kaaranam roadin shhow njettalum roshavum srishtichu. shilpi eph. dablyu. 1908 october 19nuu paareesile gallery devembusil nadanna thante chithrangalude pradarshanatthil addeham ettavum nindyamaaya chithrangalude oru koottam kshanicha pothujanagalkk munnil kaanichu, athil kuranjathu randennam ashleelamaayirunnu, athinaayi franch, videsha janangal addehathe "mrugam", "raakshasan", "ashleela chaarlattan", "saadist" ennu vilichirunnu."muthalaayava.'
roadinte kruthiyude puthumayil mattullavar aakarshikkappedukayum santhoshikkukayum cheythu. kaattaloginte aamukham 'dheeravum sathyasandhavumaya chithrangal' prashamsichappol leeii jenalinte vimarshakan ezhuthi, 'eee nootti ambathu rekhachithrangalilum roadinte droingukalilum munbu kanda orotta nottu polum kandethaan kazhiyilla.'
1919 meyy maasathil pooll gilloom samghadippicha "premiier exposition dii art negger ettu dii art oosiyaaniyan", henry klausottinte kaattalogum gilloom appolynairinte adhika vaachakavum ulkkollunna "premiier exposition dii art negger ettu dii art oosiyaaniyan" polulla pradhana pradarshanangalude thilangunna parambaraykku ithu swaram nalki. kazhinja varsham maricha apollinaire, 1917-ll pooll gillaumumaayi chernnu "shilpangal negras" enna pioneering padanatthil sahakarichu. gillauminte swakaarya shekharathil ninnu varacha eee pradarshanam aafrikkan kalaye aadhunikathayude hridayathil sthaapichu.
merii kasaat, armand gillaminum, claude-ooskaar moonat, piyari-august renoire, august markwet, pooll signac, raul dufi, mouris dii vlamink, henry maattis, georges brack, pablo picaso, amedio modigliani, thsughaaru faujitta, georgio dii chirikko enniva gallery devambezil pradharshippicha kalakaaranmaaril ulppedunnu.
emm samghadippicha "exposition dii peancher modern". 1920 januvari 27 muthal februvari 12 vare gallery devambasile pooll gilloom, gilloom appolineyarinte aamukha paatam aadhunika kalaa charithratthile oru vazhithirivayi kanakkaakkappedunnu. tettu", "bastte", "nechar mort", "nuu dii phem" enningane picaso naalu kruthikal pradharshippichu. modigliani panthrand pradharshippichu laa demoiselle duu demanche, portrait dii jeane kooktiyoo, laa daam aou medeyloon, laa kolarettu blanche, laa jolii fille roose, leeii lisere noir, maadam pompador, phem ooo fouttyooyil, beatries, ell 'enfaant grass, laa rookin, tettu dii phem, reymond. less trois suurs" enna oru painting "leeii serf", "femme acropy", "tettu dii femme", "tors dii phillat" ennee naalu venkala silpangalum maattis pradharshippichu. georgio dii chirikkoyude pradhana painting "ill rittornaant" eee shoyil pradarshippikkukayum 2009 februvariyil kristtiyile piyar berge-yavs sent laurentinte shekharathil ninnu € 11,041,00 ($14,285,461) nuu vilkkukayum cheythu.
appolineyarinte kaattalog vaachakam iprakaaramaanu
less grands poyetts ettu less grands aarttistukal phonkshan dii renovaler suns sesse ell apparence kyu revett laa nechar ooks yooks dess homas. noonn less poyetts, noonn less aarttistukal noonn less homes ennuyiyent vitt dii laa monotoni necharle. sarvakalaashaalayude punarnirmmaanatthinte savisheshathakal. prakrithiyude prakrithiyum prakrithiyude prakrithiyum enthokkeyaanennu ariyuka. kuzhappangalkk kaaranam. plus dii season, plus dii vaii meme ettu ell impusant obscurit regnerite eiii jamais. kalaakaaranmaarkk avarude sangeethaparipaadikku roopam nalkunnavarkk avarude sangeethaparipadi nalkunnavarkk avarude sangeethaparipadi nalkunnavarkk avarude sangeethaparipadi nalkunnavarkk avarude sangeethaparipadi nalkunnavarkk avarude sangeethaparipadi nalkunnavarkk avarude sangeethaparipadi nalkunnavarkk avarude sangeethaparipadi nalkunnavarkk avarude sangeethaparipadi nalkunnavarkk avarude sangeethaparipadi nalkunnavarkk avarude sangeethaparipadi nalkunnavarggangalkk avar nalkunnavarkk avarude sangeethaparipaadikku praadhaanyam nalkunnu.
pooll gillom samghadippicha eee rund pradhana pradarshanangalum chernnu onnaam lokamahaayudhathinusheshamal aadhunika kalayude athmaavineyum dishayeyum punarnirvachichu.
saloon dii ell 'araini, sosaitti dess paintress-grevezhs, sosaitti dess paintress lithographus ennivayude vaarshika pradarshanangalum gallery samghadippichu.
devambes prasidheekaranam.
oru printaraayi deerghakaalamaayi sthaapithamaaya devambes irupathaam noottaandinte thudakkathil maathramaan pusthaka prasidheekaranathilekku kadannath, aadyathethu 1908 ll jorjas keyne ezhuthiya "laa plays vendomi" nekkurichulla oru pusthakamaayirunnu. 23, ryoo lavosier enna sthalathu ninnaan prasidheekarana bisinesses nadathiyathu. devambes" enna peril, "devambes editions dii luxes" allengil "eiii ell ensignay duu mask dii oor, devambes" enna peril pusthakangal prasidheekarichu; 1921,1922 varshangalile rund manoharamaaya art deco almanakkukalkkum "mask dii oor" enna padam upayogichirunnu, edward halos pocoir printukal upayogichu chithreekarichu.
eee padaviyil, 1906 num 1932 num idayil devambes 70 oolam pothu pusthakangal prasidheekarichu, avayil bhooribhaagavum chithreekarichavayaanu, athil chila pradhana sheershakangal chuvade pattikappedutthiyirikku.
edward chimot "less editions dii art devambes".
mukalil listtucheythirikkunna pusthakangalil 1923 muthal 1931 vare kalakaaranmaarude pusthakangalude oru prathyeka parambarayaaya "editions dii art devambes" enna peril prasidheekarichava ulppedunnilla.
1923ll edoward chimottine "less editions dii art devambes" enna mikacha pathramudrayude kalaa director niyamichathu devambasinu oru puthiya yugam thurannu. art decoyude yugathilekku pratheekathmaka soundaryathe munnott kondupoya kalakaaranmaaril oraalaayirunnu chimot. 1920kall addehathinte paraakaashtayaayirunnu. addehathinte swantham kala ettavum shakthavum moulikavumaayirikke, paarees kalaarangathudaneelam addehathinte swaadheenam ettavum shakthamayi anubhavapetta samayamaayirunnu athu. 
phine pras 'less editions dii art devambes'-nte kalaa samvidaayakanenna nilayil, edward chimot piyari brissad, edger chahain, tsuguharu faujitha, drin, jeane droit, henry farge, almeri lobel-riche thudangiya kalakaaranmaarumaayi aduthu pravarthichu. saadhaaranayaayi, chimottinte nirddeshaprakaaram andrey devambes prasidheekaricha pusthakangal yadhaartha kothupanikal upayogichu chithreekarichirunnu, eathaanum noorukanakkinu koppikalude parimithamaaya pathippukalil.
1929-ll, devambes thante mukhya sahakarikalkkum mungananayulla klayantukalkkum nalkunnathinaayi 100-nte oru pathippil "less editions dii art devambes" enna peril oru adambara kaattalog prasidheekarichu, athil 1923-1929 ll ninnu prasidheekaricha ellah pusthakangalil ninnum adhika thelivukal adangiyirunnu. eee kaattaloginte oro pakarpum nambar cheyyukayum oru peru labhichayaalkk chimot oppidukayum cheythu. mikkavarum ellah pusthakangalum ithinakam thanne achadikku purathullathum praapyamallaathathumaayinathi, kaattalog oru vilppana pitch allah, marichu nettatthinte recordaanu. 100 pusthakangal nirmmikkunnathin, prasadhakan nilavilulla proof pejukal bandhippichu ettavum thaalpparyamullavarkk vitharanam cheiyunnu
'eee kaattalog oof reproductions oof lui oophroons, meyes less preseaks defets oof livers yooks-memez less yooks-forts duu tirej ettu less fuels typographics duu tirej, impremess sarr less deferents papiermaar porse chaakk edition upayogikkunnu.'
 eee reethiyil oru kaattalog nirmmikkunnathin, pusthakatthinte ellah pakarppukalum avayude ulladakkathil savisheshamaayirikkanam.
walstreet thakarchayum thudarnnulla maandyavum thante vpaniye nasippichathinaal eee manoharamaaya colling card nirmikkunnathil ulppettirikkunna adhika chelavil devambes khedichirikkaam. 1930kalil ithupolulla padhathikal aarum vaangukayo dhanasahayam nalkukayo cheyyilla. niravadhi pusthakangal ippozhum varaanirikkunna avasthayilaayirunnu, pakshe chimot/devambes pankaalitthatthinte mahathvadinangal avasaanichu. prakhyaapicha chila pusthakangal raddaakkiyathaayi thonnunnu.
less editions dii art devambas" ll ulppettirikkunna kalakaaranmaaril piyari brissad (prasidheekaricha 31 allengil 32 pusthakangalil moonnu pusthakangal chithreekarichavar), drin thudangiya art deco maastezhs ulppedunnu. loreynile oru karshaka kudumbathilaanu drian janichathu. graamatthile chaatleyn kazhivulla aankuttiyil thaalparyam prakadippichuvenkilum oru kalakaranakan agrahikkunnathinaal bhayapettu. athinaal adrian ettiyen juuliyan academyil padikkaan paareesilekk poyappol, addehathinte samakaalikar addehathinte mangiya loraine uchaaranathil kettathupole addeham drian enna thoolikaanaamam sweekarichu-addehathinte swantham aadyanamam. addehathe palappozhum adrian drin allengil ettiyen drin ennu pattikappeduthiyittundum randum thettaanu drin enna peru erte pole ottaykkaanu.
1920kalil paareesil sthirathaamasamaakkiya lokamembaadumulla kalakaaranmaarude vishalamaaya shreniyil ninnu chimot akarshikkappettu vilyam walcott oru russian ammayude makanayi odesayil janicha oru engleesh kalakaaranaayirunnu; edger chahinum tigrat polaanum armeniyan kudiyettakkaaraayirunnu; leonard enna peril thante montmarter suhruthukkalkku ariyappedunna tsuguharu faujitha, mattethoru japanese kalayeyum aadhunika paashchaathya samvedanakshamatha nalkia kalakaaranaayirunnu.
less chaansans duu bilitis", "less posease dii meligray", "less belles dii newt", "laa femme ettu leeii paantin", verline "paaraalement" ennee kothupanikal upayogichu chithreekaricha less art devembesinu yadhaartha printukalude ettavum vipulamaaya vitharanakkaaranaayirunnu edward chimot.
less editions dii art devambes" enna mudraykku keezhil prasidheekaricha pusthakangalude pattika.
melpparanja athe parambarayude bhaagamaayi oru vaalyam koodi prasidheekarichathaayi thonnunnu, pakshe prasidheekaricha kaattalogil ulppeduthiyitla, orupakshe athu valare apakadakaramaanennu karuthappettathukondakam
1930ll prakhyaapicha moonnu pusthakangal orikkalum achadichittillaayirim. awar
devambas parasyavum.
oru munnira parasya ejansiyaayirunnu devambes. avar posttarukal, kaattalogukal (udaaharanathinu valerio roopakalppana cheytha chryslerinulla oru kaattalog), parasyangal enniva nirmmichu. 1928 meyy maasathil "komezhsyal art magazin" leeii oru lekhanathil oru brand srishtikkunnathinte rahasyangal devambes ithinakam kandethiyathayi rekhappeduthunnu "nerittulla parasyatthil addeham prathyeka shradha kendreekarikkunnathu prathyeka parasyangalallaatha vasthukkal vazhi saadhyamaaya vaangunnavarude thaalparyam unarthunnathilaanu, ennaal parasyadaathaavin anukoolamaaya manobhaavam srishtikkunnu.'
onnaam lokamahaayudhasamayathu, abel favour, andrey devambes, theophile-alexandre steyinlen, adolph villatt, jeane-luis forren thudangiya kalakaaranmaar beuro dii propagand frankays eiii eiii ell 'etrancharinaayi niravadhi posttarukal srishtichu.
1921 muthal 1936 vare devambasinu annathe pramukha poosttar aarttistukaliloraalaya leonetoo kaappiyelloyumaayi prathyeka kararundaayirunnu. paraplues rival, laa belle jardineer, cacho lajauni, boulons kub, leeii theattar naashanal dii ell opera ennivayaanu addehathinte ettavum prashasthamaaya posttarukal. lucian bouchar, rogger dii valerio, victor vasarelli ennivaraanu devambasinaayi pathivayi posttarukal srishticha mattu kalakaaranmaar.
railway, shipping kambanikal polulla upabhokthakkalkkaayi devambes pusthakangalum nirmmichu. eee adambara nirmmanangal vilppanaykkethukayal, marichu pramoshanal inangalaayi nalkappettu. oru saadhaarana inam, "shupaarsha cheytha sthaapanangalude pattika" ulla aadhunika paareesilekkulla oru art deco-stail guide franch stettu railwaykaayi prasidheekarichu. jackwus deval engleeshil ezhuthiya ithu anita loosinte sailiye anukarikkunnu, 'manyanmaar svarnnamanikal eshtappedunnu'. thalakkett ithaanu...svarnnakkaar paarees eshtappedunnu. naalu kathukal, irupathirandu postkaardukal, rund ratri kathukal, avalude priyappetta jorjju sabraante maduravum maduravumaaya annabel pookkalil ninnulla oru cable.
paan, vaarshikam duu luxe eiii paarees, pooll poyartt.
laa maisan devambes fasionable paareesile mattu mahathaaya veedukalumaayi adutha bandham pulartthi. 1927-leeii less arcades dess chaambyans elysses enna pusthakam aarkkitekt marsell duhayoninte nettam aakhoshichu. marsell duhayon paareesile adambara hotelukal roopakalppana cheythu hotel royal monso, hotel comodore, hotel california, grand hotel dess ambaasadezhs. 1853ll sthaapithamaaya paarees trunk nirmmathaavaaya goyaardinte sthaapakante kochumakanaaya francois goyaardinte bharyayaaya sussain goyaardinte ammavanaayirunnu addeham. cartier polulla kadakalkkaayi 16 pejulla parasyangalil almanac duu mask dii oorile edward halos pocoir chithreekaranangalil annathe adambara kadakal aakhoshichu. moyatt ettu chaandan polulla kambanikal jeane lanvin, trans atlaantik shipping lineukal, franch railway kambanikal ennivarodoppam devambezil ninnulla pramoshanal saahityam kammeeshan cheythu.
eee bandhangalil ettavum nirnaayakamaayath fashion designaraaya pooll poyarttumaayulla bandhamaayirunnu. 1928-ll, pooyirettum devambes paann anware dii luxes eiii paarees enna peril ettavum aadambaramulla ellah dii-luxes devambes pusthakangalilum sahakarichu. ithu adisthaanaparamaayi 116 art deco plettukalude oru shekharamaayirunnu-chila pocoir niramulla-vaan cleaf & arpels, judith barbier, mitsubishi, migret, hermus, lanvin, kalot sovezhs, maximukal, galleries laafayatt, jaine regay, less gants jauvin, laa touur dii aarjant, madeline viyonnettu, varthu, moulin rooj, devambes ennivayulppede ettavum exclusive paarees braandukalude parasyam.
guz bofa (mudlean viyonett), lucian bouchar (aou printemps), raul dufi (laa bowl), chaals martin (saiman), sem (maxims), rogger dii valerio (devambes) ennivaraanu chithrakaaranmaar. less editions dii art devambasinaayi chimot edittu cheytha listtile soundaryavum kalaparavumaaya vijayam undaayirunnittum, paan orupakshe devambasinte ettavum mikacha manikkoorayirunnu.

