
kutto besack

thekkan sumatrayile paalembaangil pathinettaam noottaandil sthithicheyyunna oru kraatton (indoneshyan kotta) aanu kutto besack, benteng kutto besack (indoneshyan "kutto besack kotta") ennum ariyappedunnu. dutch colonial sarkkar nirthalaakkunnathinu munbu palembang sulthaanettinte kendramaayirunnu kutto besack. 1780ll nirmmicha eee kotta poortthiyaakkaan pathinezh varshameduthu. pazhaya kutto lamoyil ninnu kutto besakkilekku rajakeeya vasathi maattiyathiloode adayaalappeduthiya 1797laanu kutto besack udghaadanam cheyyappettathu.
charithram.
kutto besakinu munbu, palembang sulthaanettinte kendram kratton kutto gawang enna sthalathaayirunnu, ippol sarkkar udamasthathayilulla vala kambaniyaaya pupuk srividjajayude aasthaanathaanu ithu sthithicheyyunnathu. 1651ll paalembaangile vyapaaram kuthakayaakkaan aagrahicha dutch eest india kambani kraattanine aakramichu. akramanam kottakettya kutto gawang kottaaratthe nasippikkukayum thalphalamaayi, rajakottaaram kraattan berringin jangguttile oru puthiya sthalathekku maattukayum cheythu (ippol eee sthalam passer 16 illirilaanu sthithicheyyunnathu). sultan mahmoud badaruddin onnaamante (1724-1758) bharanakaalathu, kraatton veendum kraatton kudolamayilekku maatti.
sultan mahmoud badaruddin onnaaman naalaamathe kraatton nirmmikkaan padhathiyundaayirunnu. kottayude nirmmaanam pathittaandukalkk sesham 1780ll mohammed bahuddeente (1776-1803) bharanakaalathu maathramaan aarambhichath. thaddesheeya, chainees thozhilaallikale upayogichu chainakkaraanu nirmmaanathinu melnottam vahichathu. nirmmaanam pathinezh varshameduthu, 1797-ll puthiya kotta poortthiyaayi. 1797 februvari 21nuu sultan mahmoud bahavuddin puthiya kotta audyogikamaayi udghaadanam cheythu. athe samayam, rajakudumbavum sulthaanettinte sarkkar bharanakoodavum puthiya kottayilekku maari. poortthiyaakumbol, palembang sulthaanettile naalu kraattanukalil onnaayirunnu eee kotta; mattu kraattanukal kraatton kutto gawang, kraatton berringin janggut, kraatton kutto battu/kutto laama ennivayaayirunnu, avaa orumichu sulthaanettinte bharana kendrangalaayi pravarthichu.
1821 juun 25nuu palembang sulthaanettu dutch colonial sarkkaarinte keezhilaayi. 1821 juulai 1 nuu dutch colonial sarkkar kraattan kutto besack audyogikamaayi etteduthu. kraattan balamaayi ettedukkunnathinu munbu, kraattaninullile ellah vilayeriya vasthukkalum nasippikkaan sultan utharavittu. dachukaar kraattanil praveshichappol pusthakangalum niravadhi naanayangalum svarnnavum 74 peerankikalum maathramaan avar kandethiyathu. 1821 juulai 13nuu sultan mahmoud badaruddin randaamaneyum bandhukkaleyum kraattonil ninnu ternet dveepaaya maalukkuvilekku naadukadatthi. 1852 septambar 26 nuu marikkunnathuvare mahmoud badaruddin ternettil thaamasichu. pinneedu kraatton resident aarr. 400 dutch sainikarkkulla kiir, mess haalukal.
colonial kaalaghattatthil indoneshyan sarkkaarin maattaan kazhiyaatha oru paarambaryamaaya prathirodha kamaandaaya kottam II/sreevijayayude aasthaanamaayi innu kutto besack upayogikkunnu. valare kuranja attakuttappanikalode, 18-aamm noottaandile kottayude aantharika kettidangal athinte muun shakthiyum praadhaanyavum undaayirunnittum pathukke adhapathichu. kotta ippozhum pothujanangalkkayi adachittirikkukayaanu.
kotta kettidam.
akkaalat sulthaanettinte prathirodha thanthratthinte bhaagamaayi moosi nadikku abhimukhamaayi thanthraparamaayi kratton kutto besack sthithicheyyunnu. ekadesham uyarnna vella niratthilulla ishtika mathilukalaal chuttappettathaayirunnu ithu. ishtikakal pradhaanamaayum mathil nirmmaanathinaayi upayogikkunnu. ogaan nadiyude mukalile bhaagath ninnu edutha muttayude vella chunnaambukallum chernna misrithamaanu ishtikakalkku upayogikkunna bonting pasha. neelavum veethiyumulla chathuraakrithiyilulla kraattanin chuttum ishtika mathil undu. mathilil kothalangal sajjeekarichirikkunnu, kizhakk, thekk, padinjaaru ennee moonnu kothalangal trepasoid aakruthiyilullavayaanu, athesamayam vadakkupadinjaaru oru panchabhujaakrithiyilullathaanu. moosi nadikku abhimukhamaayi sthithi cheiyunna kottayude pradhana kavaadam "lawang kutto" ennariyappedunnu. kottayude padinjaarum kizhakkum bhagathaanu mattu rund kavadangalaaya "lawang boroton" sthithi cheiyunnathu.
pathinettaam noottaandinte avasaanathil kraatton poortthiyaayappol, padinjaaru secanac, kizhakk tenguruk, vadakku kapuran enningane paalembaanginte niravadhi kriss crossing aruvikalaal kraatton chuttappettirunnu. 1928ll tenkurukku aruvi kuzhichumoodukayum oru theruvakki maattukayum cheythu. aaa theruvu ippol jaalan lintas timur sumatherayaan, ithu aambera paalatthilekku nayikkunna theruvaan. palembang sulthaanettinte rajakudumbam upayogichirunna kettidangal kraattaninullil undaayirunnu. dalem" ennariyappedunna kottaram oru chathuratthinullil nilkkukayum rund cheria saavo marangal valarunna oru muttam undaayirikkukayum cheythu. dalem" rund bhagangalaayi vibhajichirunnu. athilonnu sulthaante swakaarya kwartezhs aayirunnu, athu mattu bhaagangalil ninnu oru mathil kondu verthirichirikkunnu. dalem"-nte mattu bhagangal kuleena vanithakalkkulla oru kettidamaayirunnu. indoneshyayile kraattanile oru savishesha savisheshathayaaya pazhavrikshangalude poonthottatthaal chuttapetta cheria bottukalulla oru kulavum kraattanil undaayirunnu.
kraatton kutto besack iii-yude mathilinu purathu niravadhi kettidangal sthaapichittundu.jii. pemerecan kettidavum (vishishtaathidhikale swaagatham cheyyaan upayogikkunna kettidam) pendopo pemarecan, randum pradhana kavaadamaaya lawang kuttoyude kizhakkayi sthithicheyyunnu.
gathagatham.
palembang elrt (aduthulla aambera elrt steshan vazhi), trans musey buzz enniva vazhi kutto besakkilekku athicheraan kazhiyum.

