
aadam

aadya manushyante uthbhavam 1-5 ll nalkiyittulla peraanu aadam. aadyamanushyante peraayi upayogikkunnathinu appuram, "aadam" ennathu bybilil oru sarvanaamamaayum vyakthigathamayi "oru manushyan" ennum koottaaya ardhathil "manushyavargam" ennum upayogikkunnu. manushyarashi ennartham varunna "aadam" ulppedeyulla lokathinteyum athinte srishtikaludeyum daivathinte srishtiyekkurichu parayunnu; daivathil "aadam" roopappedunnu, ithavana "nilatthe podiyil" ninnu orotta purusha manushyan ennartham varunna "aadam", avane eedan thottatthil sthaapikkukayum oru sthriye roopappeduthukayum cheiyunnu, eevu, avante sahayiyaayi; aadathilum eevilum vijnjaanavrikshathinte phalam kazhikkukayum aadam thante bhakshanathinaayi bhoomiyil advaanikkunnathine daivam apalapikkukayum maranashesham athilekku madangukayum cheiyunnu; aadaminte puthranmaarude jananathe kaikaaryam cheiyunnu, koodaathe seth muthal noha vareyulla addehathinte pingaamikale pattikappedutthunnu.
uthbhava srishtiyude puraanam kristhumathavum islam sweekarichu, athinanusarichu kristhyan vedagrandhangalilum khuraanilum aadaminte peru kaanapedunnu. yahoodamatham, kristhumatham, gnostik mathangal ennivayile pilkkala naadodi, nigoodamaaya vishadeekaranangalilum addeham avatharippikkunnu.
aadam aakhyaanathinte rachana.
muzhuvan hebru bybililum, aadam uthbhava pusthakatthinte 1-5 adhyayangalil maathrame kaanappedunnulloo, uthbhavathilennapole, charithrapusthakangalude thudakkathil addeham israayelinte poorvvikarude pattikayil munnittunilkkunna oru paramarsham ozhike. uthbhavathinte anthimagrandham pershyan kaalaghattatthil (bii. sii. iii. anchaam noottaandum naalam noottaandum) ninnaanennathaanu pandithanmaarude bhooribhaagam kazhchappadum, ennaal hebru baibilinte backie bhaagangalil ninnulla uthbhavathinte <aii. dii. 1> adhyayangalil paraamarshichirikkunna matellaa kathaapaathrangaludeyum sambhavangaludeyum abhavam ganyamaaya oru nyoonapakshathe eee adhyayangal thudarnnullathinekkaal valare vaikiyaan rachichathennu nigamanathiletthichu, orupakshe bii. sii. iii. moonnaam noottaandil.
upayogam.
manushyarashi-manushyan-purushan.
baibil ('aadam') enna vaakk athinte ellah ardhangalilum upayogikkunnu koottaayi ('manushyavargam',), vyakthigathamayi ('oru purushan',), lingabhedam ('purushan sthriyum'), purushan (). uthppathi 1:27 ll "aadam" koottaaya ardhathil upayogikkunnu, koodaathe vyakthigatha "aadavum" koottaaya "manushyarashiyum" thammilulla parasparabandham eedan thottatthil sambhavikkunna sambhavangalude oru pradhana saahitya gadakamaanu, manushyaavasthayude sankeernathaye prathifalippikkunna aakhyaanathinte dhaarmikavum laingikavum aathmeeyavumaaya padangaliludaneelam ulchertha avyakthamaaya ardhangal. aadam" oru vyakthigatha purushante (aadya purushan) ardham edukkukayum laingikathayude pashchaathalam illaathirikkukayum cheiyunna aadya vaakyamaan uthppathi 2:7; "aadam" enna linga vyathyasam "purushan sthriyum" ennu nirvachichukondu uthppathi 5:1-2 ll aavarthikkunnu.
bhoomiyumaayi bandham.
aadavum bhoomiyum thammilulla bandhamaan aavarthichulla oru saahitya rooparekha ("adaama"): srishtivrithathinte avasaanakhattangalil kalimannil ninnu aadathe roopappeduthi daivam srishtikkunnu. niraparaadhithvam nashtappettathinusesham, aadamineyum bhoomiyeyum avidheyathayude shikshayaayi daivam sapikkunnu. aadaam manushyarashiyum marikkanum thaan roopappetta bhoomiyilekku (allengil nilathekku) madangaanum shapikkappettavaraan. eee "bhoumika" vasham aadaminte swathuathinte oru gadakamaanu, bhoomiyil ninnulla verpiriyalinte aadaminte saapam manushyaraashiyude bhoumikavum ennaal prakrithiyil ninnu verpirinjathumaaya swabhaavathe vivarikkunnuvennu thonnunnu.
hebru bybilil.
uthppathi 1, manushyarashi thante avasana srishtikalaayi daivathinte lokathinteyum athinte srishtikaludeyum srishtiyekkurichu parayunnu "aanum pennumaayi avan avare srishtichu, avare anugrahichu, avarkk aadam ennu perittu..."(). daivam manushyavargathe anugrahikkukayum "phalavathaavaanum vardhikkaanum" avarodu kalppikkukayum "kadalile malsyangalkkum aakaashathile pakshikalkkum kannukalikalkkum bhoomi muzhuvanum, bhoomiyil izhayunna ellah ezhajanthukkalkkum" aadhipathyam nalkukayum cheiyunnu.
ill, daivam "aadam" roopappeduthunnu, ithavana orotta purusha manushyan ennartham varunna, "bhoomiyile podiyil" ninnu "jeevante shwaasam avante naasaarandhrangalilekku shvasichu" (). daivam eee aadyamanushyane eedan thottatthil nirtthi, "thottatthile ellah marangaludeyum phalam ningalkk swathanthramaayi kazhikkaam ennaal nanma thinmayekkurichulla arivinte phalam ningalkk kazhikkanavilla kaaranam ningal athu kazhikkunna divasam ningal theerchayaayum marikkum" (). manushyan ottaykkaayirikkunnath nallathalla" () mrugangale aadaaminte aduthekku konduvarikayum avar avaykku avayude perukal nalkukayum cheiyunnu, ennaal ellah mrugangalilum avanu oru koottaaliye kandethanaayilla () ennu daivam rekhappeduthunnu. daivam aadaminu aazhathilulla urakkam nalkukayum oru sthriye () roopappeduthukayum cheiyunnu, aadam unarnnu avale thante sahayiyaayi abhivaadyam cheiyunnu.
, veezhchayude vivaranam daivathinte kalppana anusarikkathirikkaanum njaanam nalkunna vijnjaanavrikshathinte phalam bhakshikkanum oru sarppam sthriye prerippikkunnu. sthree aadamineyum angane cheyyaan bodhyappeduthunnu, thudarnnu avar avarude nagnathayekkurichu bodhavaanmaaraakukayum svayam maraykkukayum daivathinte drishtiyil ninnu olichirikkukayum cheiyunnu. aaraan sthriye kuttappeduthunnathenna daivam aadaminodu chodikkunnu. aadyam sarppathinmel daivam vidhi prasthaavikkunnu, pinne prasava vedanaykkum bharthaavinu keezhppettathinum sikshikkappetta sthree, oduvil aahaarathinaayi bhoomiyil advaanikkaanum maranashesham athilekku madangaanum sikshikkappetta aadam. jeevavrikshathinte phalam bhakshikkukayum avar amarthyaraakaathirikkukayum cheiyunnathinaayi daivam aaa purushan sthriyeyum thottatthil ninnu purathaakkunnu.
aadaaminu nalkia marana daivavachanathinte chiyaastik ghadana manushyante srishti "podi" yill ninnu "thirichuvaravu" ennathumaayi bandhippikkunnu.
 aadaaminte makkalaya kaayeen, aabel ennivarude jananavum aadyathe kolapaathakatthinte kathayum thudarnnu moonnaamathe makanaaya sethinte jananavum ithil ulppedunnu. aadaaminte thalamurakalude pusthakatthil, aadaaminte pingaamikale avarude aadya puthranmaarude jananasamayathe praayavum (aadam ozhike, sethinte jananasamayathe praayam, addehathinte moonnaamathe makan, nalkiyirikkunnu) maranasamayathe avarude praayavum (aadam 930 varsham jeevikkunnu, noayude pithavaaya laamekkinte 56-aamm varsham vare) pattikappedutthunnu. sethinu sesham aadaaminu mattu aanmakkalum penmakkalum undaayirunnuvennu adhyayam rekhappeduthunnu, pakshe avarude peru parayunnilla.
bybilinu sheshamulla jootha paarambaryangal.
shareeram.
daivam thanne bhoomiyude naalu konukalil ninnum podipadalangal edukkukayum oro niravum (rakthathinu chuvapp, malavisarjjanathinu karupp, ellukalkkum sirakalkkum vella, ilam charmmathinu pacha) upayogichu aadam srishtikkukayum cheythu. aadaminte aathmaav daivathinte prathimayaanu, daivam lokathe niraykkunnathupole aathmaav manushyashareerathe niraykkunnu "daivam ellaam kaanukayum aarum kaanathirikkukayum cheiyunnathupole aathmaav kaanunnu, pakshe kaanaan kazhiyilla; daivam lokathe nayikkunnathupole, aathmaav shareerathe nayikkunnu; daivam thante vishudhiyil shudhanaayirikkunnathu athmaavum; daivam rahasyathil vasikkunnathupole athmaavum."jootha saahityamanusarichu, aadaaminu aadya divasam daivam srishticha prakaashathinu samanamaaya oru prakashashareeram undaayirunnu, koodaathe daivathekkurichulla nigoodamaaya dhyaanathiloode aadaminte yadhaartha mahathvam veendedukkaan kazhiyum.
aadam, lilith, eevu.
uthppathi 1 ll daivam purushan sthriyeyum orumichu srishtichuvennu parayumbol uthppathi 2 avaye vevvere srishtichathaayi vivarikkunnu enna vasthuthayil aashayakkuzhappathilaya rabbikal, daivam aadam srishtichappol addeham podiyil ninnu oru sthriye srishtichuvennum, aadam srishtichathupole avalkk lillith ennu perittittundennum paranju; pakshe iruvarkkum sammathikkaan kazhinjilla, kaaranam aadam lillith thante keezhil kidakkaan aagrahichu, lillith aadam thante keezhil kidakkanamennu nirbandhichu, athinaal aval avanil ninnu oodippoyi, aadaminte vaariyellil ninnu eevu srishtikkappettu. madhyakaalakhattathil, agadic midrashim, sohar, jootha mistisism ennivayude paarambaryatthil avalude katha valareyadhikam vikasichu. mattu rabbikal ithe vaakyam vishadeekarichu, athaayath aann, penn ennee rund mukhangalodeyo allengil orotta hermaphrodite aayirikkumbozho aadam srishtikkappettu, aanum pennum onnichuchernnu, ennaal ithu nadakkaanum samsarikkaanum budhimuttaakkiyennum angane avare verpeduthiyathaayum daivam kandu.
veezhchayil eeviyude thettu.
aadam thante chevikalkondu daivavachanam kettathinaal sarppam aadathinupakaram eevine sameepichu, ennaal eevaykku thante report maathrame undaayirunnulloo; eevu phalam ruchichu, thante maranam shikshikkappedumennu udan thanne arinju, avanum marikkaan aadamine kabalippichu bhakshanam kazhikkunnathaanu nallathennu svayam paranju, mattoru sthriye avalude sthaanathu edukkaathe. thaan enthaanu cheiyunnathennu ariyaathe aadam aaa phalam bhakshikkukayum dukkham kondu nirayukayum cheythu. nishidhamaaya pazham kazhichathinu sesham aadam eevine kuttappeduthiyappol, oru purushanenna nilayil aadam bharya anusarikkaan paadillennu daivam avane saasichu, kaaranam avanaan thala, avalalla.
aadavum sheetakaala ayananthavum.
avoda saara 8eiii enna laghulekhayil kaanapedunna oru agadic aithihyathil roman shaityakaala avadhidinangalekkurichulla nireekshanangalum shaityakaala ayanaanthathinu munbu aadam aadyam upavaasam anushttikkukayum pinneedu santhoshikkukayum cheytha paarambaryam sthaapichuvennum pinneedu athu roman saattarnaliyayilekkum kalandayilekkum vyaapippichuvennum ulla talmudic sidhaanthavum adangiyirikkunnu.
aadaaminteyum eevudeyum makkal.
eadanil ninnu purathaakkappettathinu sesham 130 varshathekku aadam eevayil ninnu pinmari, eee samayat avanum eevum bhoothangalumaayi laingika bandhatthil earppettu, avar veendum onnikkukayum eevu sethinu janmam nalkukayum cheythu. bisi randaam noottaandile jootha mathaparamaya kruthiyaaya jubilese book, aadaaminu engane oru makal janichuvennu parayunnu, kayeen abel janichathinu sesham ayaan, mattoru makal asura, sethinumumbu janichu, avarkk mattu ombathu aanmakkal koodi undaayirunnu; kayeen avane vivaham kazhichu, seth asurine vivaham kazhichu, angane avarude pingaamikale kanakkakkunnu. aadaaminteyum eevinteyum jeevitam", athinte greak pathippaya "mosasinte apocalypse" enniva, naadukadatthappettappol aadam thante paapathinu anuthapikkukayum swargeeya parudeesayilekku kondupokappedukayum cheythathenganeyennum, anthyakaalathe ellah neethimaanmaarudeyum vidhi munkootty kaanikkukayum cheythathenganeyennum vivarikkunnu.
aadaminte maranavum shavasamskaaravum.
pradhana maalaakha maikkal aadaaminte maranathil pankedutthappol, avanodoppam, avante makan sethum, avan appozhum jeevichirunnu, avane kolacheyyappetta makan aabalinoppam samskarichu. avar anuthapichathinaal daivam adamin havvaikkum prakashavasthrangal nalki; mishiha varumbol avan samanamaaya vasthrangal darikkum.
onnaam noottaandile jootha saahithyathil ninnu uthbhavicha mosseyude apocalypse anusarichu, solomon kshethrathinte balipeetam lokathinte kendravum daivathinte eedan thottatthilekkulla kavaadavumaayirunnu, ivideyaanu aadam srishtikkappedukayum samskarikkappedukayum cheythath.
aadathodu ulla manobhaavam.
pathinezhaam noottaandile kavu hahaa-yasher enna pusthakatthil aadathekkurichu nishedaathmakamaayi samsaarikkaruthenn rachayithaav munnariyipp nalkukayum aadathekkurichu kriyaathmakamaayi samsaarikkunnavarkk deerghaayussu labhikkumenn ezhuthukayum cheiyunnu. samanamaaya oru munnariyipp soharil kaanam.
aadaam rassielum.
orupakshe ore kaikondu samaharikkukayum edittu cheyyukayum cheythathum ennaal yadhaarthathil oru ezhuthukaarante kruthiyallaathathum, paarambaryamanusarichu raasiyel maalaakha aadaminu velippeduthiyathumaaya nigooda rachanakalude oru samaahaaramaan sepher raasiyel hamaalakh (raasiyel hamalakh) ("raasiyel dhii eanjal"). eee pusthakam pathimoonnaam noottaandinu mumbullathaanennu kaanikkan kazhiyilla, pakshe bhaagikamaayi purathana kaalatthinte avasaanathilethu aayirikkam, koodaathe mattu avyakthamaaya purathana grandhangalaaya bahir, sepher aysira enniva pole ithu niravadhi pathippukalil nilavilundu. suns ("jii. vii."2dii edii., pii. 176) moonnu pradhana bhagangal verthirikkunnu (1) haah-malbush pusthakam; (2) grettu raasiyel; (3) rahasyangalude pusthakam, allengil noayude pusthakam. eee moonnu bhagangal ippozhum verthirichariyaan kazhiyum-2bii-7eiii, 7bii-33bii, 34eiii, bii. ivaykku sesham "srishti", "shiyur ooma" ennee rund cheria bhagangal pinthudarunnu, 41aykku sesham thaaythoolukalkkum manthrangalkkumulla soothravaakyangal varunnu.
kristhumathatthil.
yadhaartha paapam.
aadaaminte paapam maranavum papavum lokathinu munnil konduvannuvennu vishwasikkunna hellenistic joothachinthayile pravaahangale adisthaanamaakki poulos apposthalan kristhumathathilekku avatharippichu. poulosine sambandhichidatholam paapam ellah manushyarum vidheyamaakunna oru shakthiyaayirunnu, ennaal kristhuvinte varavu aadaaminte paapam manushyavargathe naadukadatthiya parudeesayilekku neethimaanmaare thirike konduvarunnathinulla marggangal nirddeshichu. aadaminte eee yadhaartha paapam jaivashaasthraparamaayi pakarunnathaanennum allengil pilkkala thalamurakal oru vidoora poorvvikante pravrithikalkku shikshikkappedumennum addeham sangalppichilla. purusha veeryathil thanne paapam kandethikkond eee nadapadi sweekarichavan aagasteenaana aadaam havva pazham kazhichappol avar lajikkukayum avarude jananendriyangal moodukayum cheythu, aadya paapam ellah pingamikalaaya talamurakalkkum kaimaria sthalam thiricharinju. manushya veeryathaal garbham dharikkappedaatha yesukristhu maathramaan aadaamil ninnu kadannupokunna karayil ninnu mukthanaayath. (augustinte ashayam jeevashaasthrathekkurichu purathana loka aashayangale adisthaanamaakkiyullathaayinu, athinte adisthaanathil aann beejathil garbhastha shishuvine muzhuvan adangiyirikkunnu, ammayude garbhapathram athu valarunna oru pariposhana arayallathe matonnumalla.)
aadaaminte shavakudeeram solomonte kshethrathe golgota maattisthaapikkunnu.
mukalil soochippichathupole, onnaam noottaandil ninnu uthbhavichathaayirikkam orupakshe oru jootha rachanayaya mosasinte apocalypse, aadaaminte srishtisthalavum lokathinte kendramaayum eedan poonthottathilekkulla kavaadamaayum kaanapedunna solaman kshethrathinte balipeetathil addehathinte shavasamskaaravum sthaapikkunnu. aadyakaala kristhyan samooham ithu avarude swantham golgothayude ithihyavumaayi poruthappedutthi, balipeetathinu pakaram yeshuvinte kroosheekarana sthalam sthaapichu. eee kristheeya aitihyam anusarichu, uthbhavakaalathe (pothuvarsham moonnaam noottaandinte arambham) kristhuvinte vishudha raktham thaazhekku pathikkukayum manushyaraashiyude pithaavine punarujeevippikkukayum cheythu, avar aaa divasam jarusalemil palarkkum prathyakshappetta vishudhare nayichu.
maandeyisathil.
maandeyisathil, aadam mathatthinte sthaapakanum aadyathe pravachakanumaayi kanakkaakkappedunnu. addeham "mandah" (arivu) yum jnjaanodayathinte yadhaartha pathayum prakhyaapikkunnu. kushta" allengil daivika sathyathinte pracharakanaayi addehathe kanakkakkunnu. mandian kalandar anusarichu, grigorian kalandarile 2021-2022 CE mandian varsham 445391 aa (aadam srishtichathinu sesham aaa =) yumayi poruthappedum.
nosttisatthil.
lokathinte uthbhavathekkurichulla purathana gnostik grandhatthil, aadam yadhaarthathil munkoor chintha ennariyappedunna ayoon choriyunna prakaashatthil ninnu janikkunna oru aadima jeeviyaayi kaanapedunnu. athanusarichu, addehathinte aadima roopathe prakaashatthinte aadam ennu vilikkunnu. ennaal ettaam svarggathil ethaan aagrahichappol, thante prakashavumaayi kalarnna azhimathi kaaranam addehathinu athu cheyyaan kazhinjilla. angane addeham aarudeyengilum prapanchangalum avayude lokangalum ulkkollunna, araajakathvathinte aakaashathekkaal ezhiratti mechappetta, thante swantham raajyam srishtikkunnu. ettaam swarggathinum athinu thaazheyulla araajakathvathinum edayilulla pradeshathaanu eee mekhalakalellaam nilanilkkunnath. ennaal addehathe kandappol, bhouthikalokathinte pradhana srashtaavu (yaldabot) thaan eaka daivamaanennu avakaashappett avarodu kallam paranjathaayi avar manassilakkunnu. ennirunnaalum, athmeeya aadaminte prathichaayayil aadaminte oru bhauthika pathipp srishtikkaan avar theerumaanikkunnu. ennaal sophiya pinneedu thante makal soye (athmeeya eevu) aadathinoppam bhauthika eevu upekshichu arivinte vrukshathil praveshikkunnathinu munbu shaareerika aadam jeevan nalkaan ayaykkunnu. ennirunnaalum, aarkkonukalude hypostasis anusarichu, oru aathmaav bhauthika aadamil erangukayum avanu oru jeevanulla aathmaavine nalkukayum cheiyunnu.
islaamil.
islaamil, lokathil ninnu edutha oru pidi bhoomiyil ninnu daivam aadam (arabica ادم) srishtichu, ithu lokathile janangal vyathyastha nirathilullavaraayathu enthukondaanennu vishadeekarikkunnu. islaamika srishtiyude puraanamanusarichu addeham islaaminte aadya pravachakanum aadyathe muslimumaayirunnu. ellah pravaachakanmaarum daivathinu keezhadanguka enna ore vishwaasam prasamgichuvennu khuraan parayunnu. thaan bhoomiyil oru vais reejant (oru "khaleefa") srishtikkumennu daivam maalaakhamaare ariyichappol, maalaakhamaar chodichu, "azhimathiyum rakthachorichilum parathunnava ningal athil sthaapikkumo?"appol daivam maalaakhamaare kaanichu," ivayude perukal ennodu parayoo?"daivam avare padippichittillaathillathil maalaakhamaarkku ivayekkurichu oru arivum undaayirunnilla. appol daivam aadaamine eee perukal avarodu velippeduthaan anuvadichu, "aakaashangalilum bhoomiyilum adrishyamaayathu enikkariyaamennum ningal (maalaakhamaar) velippeduthunnathum ningal (satan) marachuvekkunnathum enthaanennum njaan (malakkukal) ningalodu (malakkukal) paranjittille?" pandithanaaya alle-tabari vishadeekarichu, daivam thante dushtapadhathikalekkurichu iblisineyum (satan) avarude sathyasandhathayude malakkukale paraamarshikkukayaanennu.
aadaam havva amarthyathayude vrukshathil ninnu bhakshikkukayum iruvarum kuttabodham thulyamaayi pankidukayum cheythu, kaaranam havva pareekshikkappedukayo aadam avante munbil bhakshikkukayo cheythilla; prasavatthinte vedanaykku eevine kuttappeduthukayo cheiyunnilla, kaaranam daivam orikkalum oraale mattoraalude paapangalkk sikshikkunnilla. avarude pravartthanam paapamaanennu polum shiah school oof islam kanakkakkunnilla, kaaranam anusaranavum anusaranakkedu bhoomiyil maathrame saadhyamaakoo, parudeesa sthithicheyyunna swarggathilalla.
lokathile ettavum uyaram koodiyathum swarggathodu ettavum aduthathumaaya sreelankayile madhyabhaagathulla aadaminte kodumudiyil aadam veenu, avide ninnu daivam addehathe makkayilekku ayachu, avide addeham anuthapikkukayum shamikkappedukayum cheythu. mccayil addeham aadyathe sanketham (caba-pinneedu athu ibrahim punarnirmmichu) nirmmikkukayum hajj aacharam padippikkukayum aadya anki tanikkum aadya moodupadam eevinum neythedukkukayum cheythu, athinusesham indiayilekku madangukayum 930-aamm vayassil thante makkalude puthranmaare kanda 1400-ll addeham marikkukayum cheythu.
ahmedia vibhaagamanusarich aadam bhoomiyile aadyathe manushyanayirunnilla, pakshe manushyavargam nilavil varikayum lokamembaadum vyaapikkukayum velipaad sweekarikkaanulla kazhivu vikasippikkukayum cheythappol, daivam aadathe naagarikathayude oro shaakhayilekkum ayachu. khuraanil paraamarshichirikkunna aadam mohammedinu 4,598 varsham munbu janichathaanennu samudaayathinte sthaapakanaaya mirza gulam ahamed labhicha velippeduthal parayunnu.
muslim chinthakanaaya nasser khusro islaamika mathapaarambaryathinu aadaminte praadhaanyathekkurichu mattoru vyaakhyaanam nalkunnu. aadam daivika velipaadinte ("nattik") aadya vakthaavaanennum seth thante legetti ("vaasi") aanennum addeham ezhuthunnu. sethinte pingaamikal imaamukalaanennum, ezhaamathe imaamaaya nooh/nohayil avasaanikkunnuvennum addeham vaadikkunnu, addeham imaamett vahikkunnathinupurame, manthravaadiyude sthaanavum vahikkum.
islaamika paarambaryangalil (hadees), aadaminu (aadam-iii-saphi) allengil thiranjedutthavan ennariyappedunna daivam peru nalkunnu.
vishwaasathil.
oru valia prekshakarkkaayi uddeshichittulla ekadaivathvathinte ("tauhid") adisthaana padippikkalukal kaimaran sahaayicha aadya vakthavaayi ("naattik") druze aadathe kanakkakkunnu. charithratthinte vividha kaalaghattangalil prathyakshappetta ezhu pravachakanmaaril oralaaya addeham druze vishwaasathil daivathinte oru pradhana pravachakanaayum kanakkaakkappedunnu.
mattu mathangalilum paarambaryethara achaarangalilum.
tang raajavamshathile chila thaavoyisttukal, taisong chakravartthiyude samanvaya vishwaasangalil ninnum nayangalil ninnum prachodanam ulkkond, yeshuvinte kristheeya pathippine "vazhi" yude veendedukkal prakadanamaayi kaanukayum aadam ulppedeyulla addehathinte poorvvikare bahumanikkukayum cheythu.
chila mangolian kristhyaanikalum musleengalum aadam gauthama budhante athe vyakthiyaanennu karuthi.
charitraparamaaya.
mossaanu utbhavapusthakam rachichathennum charitraparavum roopakaparavumaayi kanakkaakkappettittunne oru parambaraagatha veekshanam undaayirunnuvenkilum, aadhunika pandithanmaar uthbhava srishtiyude vivaranathe vividha purathana uthbhava puranangalil onnaayi kanakkakkunnu.
documentary sidhaantham polulla vishakalanam soochippikkunnathu prathyaksha vairudhyangal vishadeekarikkunna onniladhikam muun paarambaryangalude samahaarathinte falamaanu eee vaachakam. athe canonical pusthakatthile mattu kathakalum, uthbhava vellapokka vivaranam pole, pazhaya saahityam swaadheenichathaayi manassilaakkappedunnu, pazhaya "gilgaameshinte ithihaasathil" samaanathakalund.
samskaarathil.
jeevashaasthrathil, manushyarude ettavum puthiya saadhaarana poorvvikar, purusha vamshathinu vaii-chromosome sthree vamshathinu mitocondrial dna upayogichu kandethumbol, aadam, eevu ennivaye paraamarsikkunna reethiyil yathaakramam vaii-chromosomal aadam, mitocondrial eevu ennu vilikkunnu. thaanaakhil ninnu perukal kadameduthathaanengilum ore kaalaghattatthil orotta dambathikalil ninnu iva fork cheiyunnilla.