
cyloparmelia

parmiliacy kudumbatthilppetta lycan janussaanu sailoparmiliya. 13 thekkan ardhagola enangal ithil ulppedunnu, avayil bhooribhaagavum thekke amerikkayile uyarnna paarakalil valarunnathayi kaanapedunnu. arctoparmilia", "flavoparmilia", "santoparmilia" thudangiya roopashaasthraparamaayi samanamaaya janussil ninnu verthirichariyaan upayogikkunna niravadhi savisheshathakal eee janussil undu. saadhaaranayaayi raisinukal illaatha irunda, velvetti lover thaalas uparithalam, laikkenante negatteevu parisodhana, courtexil yusnik aasidinteyum attraanorinteyum uyarnna saandrata enniva ithil ulppedunnu.
vargeekaranam.
"cyloparmelia" enna inathe 1989-ll mesan heyil rund inangalumaayi chuttikkarangi "cyloparmelia arhisinosa", "cyloparmelia dintanta". hayle munbu eee taxon ("parmelia dinkttanta" enna peril) "santoparmelia" janussil sthaapichittundu. loob konfigareshan, courtical kemistry, velvetti thaazhnna uparithalathinte saannidhyam ennivayile samanathakal kaaranam "arctoparmilia" yill sthaanam nalkunnathinekkurichum addeham pariganichu. ennirunnaalum, raisinukalude poornnamaaya abhavavum koshabhithikalil isolichinante saannidhyavum ulppede mattu vyathyastha swabhaavasavisheshathakal eee vargeekaranathe ozhivaakki. pii ennathinu samanamaaya oru inathe hails pinneedu kandethi. lesotho difttanta eee rund enangalum "arctoparmelia", "santoparmelia" ennivayil ninnu vendathra vyathyasthamaanennu addehathe bodhyappedutthi, avaye niyantrikkaan "cyloparmelia" enna puthiya januss srishtikkaan urappunalkunnu. wilmos gailnikkinte "parmilia" vibhaagathil ninnaan chila vargeekarana prachodanam labhichathu. "santoparmelia" upavibhagam. "1931ll addeham srishticha endocoerulia; eee upavibhagathilaanu parmilia deftensiaye yadhaarthathil tharamthirichathu. cyloparmelia" yile epicortexinte ghadana vilayiruthunnathinayi 1992 leeii oru padanatthil scanning electron microscopy upayogichu, ithu oru praadhamika poord epicortexinte saannidhyam velippeduthukayum ithu janussinte mattoru swabhaavam sthaapikkukayum cheythu.
puthuthayi vivaricha ombathu enangalum oru puthiya samyojanavum 1992-ll joonn elix toom nash chernnu eee janussinte sangraham prasidheekarichu. 2006-ll, molecular daatta "santoparmelia peruviensis" "cyloparmelia" yilek kaimaattam cheiyunnathine pinthunachu, ithu jeenasile mattu speesheesukalude savisheshathakalellaam pankidunnillenkilum, prathyekichu saandramaaya raisinettu thaazhnna uparithalathil.
vivaranam.
"paarakalil valarunna elakalulla laikkanukalaan "cyloparmalia" inam, avaa speesheesukale aashrayich irukiyatho ayanjatho aayi gadippikkaam. silia illaatha kramarahithamaya aakruthiyilulla lobukal kondaanu vyaasathil athunna thaalas nirmmichirikkunnathu. cyloparmalia" yude mukal courtex uparithalathinu lambamaayi krameekarichirikkunna haifa ulkkollunna oru palisade plectenchymayaanu. sushirangalulla oru praadhamika epicortex (courtexinte uparithalathile nerttha ekeekritha polysacraride paali) ithu bhaagikamaayi moodunnu. mukal courtexinte ghadana minusamarnnathu muthal chulivukal vare ullathum prunos aanu. speesheesukale aashrayich pusttulukalum sordia undaakukayo illaathirikkukayo cheyyaam, athesamayam seudocyphella icd ellaayppozhum illa. koshabhithikalil alfa glucan thanmathrayaaya isolichinan adangiyirikkunnu. sailoparmiliya" yile photobiond pankaaliyaanu pacha aalgakal.
thaalasinte thaazhathe uparithalam karuppum velvettiyumaanu. ithu cheria bambukalaal (sookshumamaaya paappilett) moodappettirikkunnu, saadhaaranayaayi raisinukal illa. mikka speesheesukalkkum manja-chaaraniramo elah-chaaraniramo aaya maarjinu chuttum kooduthal mikacha velvetti sonaanullath. appotheshyakal onnukil thaalas uparithalathil (adnettu) nerittu gadippichirikkunnu, allengil oru cheria thandil (substipittett) gadippichirikkunnu; avaykku 2 muthal 5 millimeter vare vyaasamund. oru ascassinu ettu enna samkhyayulla ascosporukalkku golaakrithiyilullathum deerghavrithaakrithiyilullathu aakruthiyundu, koodaathe 9-12 5 muthal 9 micrometer vare alakkunnu.
"sailoparmiliya" kku thaarathamyena vaividhyamaarnna dvitheeya rasathanthramund. eee janussil ninnu rekhappeduthiyittulla mettabolittukalil yusnik assid, attranorine, inipparayunna β-oorsinool derivateevukal enniva ulppedunnu konstipaattik assid, protoconstipaattik assid, defractiac assid, fumerprotocetric assid, hypostictic assid, 4-ooo-methylhypoprotosetricatritrose assid, aisousik assid, norstiktik assid, salasinic assid. mattu niravadhi lycan aasidukal cheria alavil kaanapedunnu. eee lycon samyukthangalude saannidhyam jeenasile roopashaasthraparamaayi samanamaaya enangal thammil verthirichariyaan sahayikkunnu.
aavaasavyavasthayum vitharanavum.
"cyloparmelia" ennathu saxicolus laikkanukalude oru janussaanu, ennirunnaalum "cyloparmelia difttanta" aduthide pazhaya asthikalil valarunnathayi rekhappeduthiyittundu, aaa substratil aadyamaayi report cheyyappettu. eee janussinte thekkan ardhagolathil bhooribhaagam enangalum thekke amerikkayilaan. eee janussile pathimoonnu enangalil panthrand enangalum ekwador, peru thekk muthal bolivia, vadakkan arjanteena vareyulla andees parvathanirakalile uyarnna uyarathilaanu kaanappedunnath. eee sthalangalil shekharikkunna ettavum saadhaaranamaaya saxicolus folios laikkanukalaan avaa. "eee vitharana reethi thakarkkunna oreyoru inam "cyloparmalia arhisinosa" aanu; lesotho uyarnna uyarathilulla alpine aavaasavyavasthakalil ithu kaanapedunnu.