
maximinus daasa

310 muthal 313 vare roman chakravartthiyaayirunna gallerius valerius maximinus (greeka ααφινος; 20 november 270-juulai 313) saamraajyathinte niyanthranathinaayi athiraalikalaaya avakaashavaadikal thammilulla chathurrajya aabhyanthara yudhangalil earppettirikkukayum athil lysinius addehathe paraajayappedutthukayum cheythu. prathibaddhathayulla oru purajaatheeyanaaya addeham, thante maranathinaduthulla sahishnuthayude oru saasanam purappeduvikkunnathin munbu, kristhyaanikalude avasaanathe peedanangalilonnil earppettu.
maximinus avasaanathe roman chakravartthiyaayirunnu, angane faravo enna padavi vahicha avasana vyakthiyaan, ithu addehathinte maranathe 3,400 varsham pazhakkamulla oru padaviyude avasanamaakki.
peru.
maximinus chakravarty yadhaarthathil "daasa" ennu vilichirunnu, addeham janicha ilriyayile oru pothunamamanu ithu. chakravartthiyude jeevithathekkurichulla oru pradhana uravidamaaya kristhyan ezhuthukaaranaaya lactantius nalkia "daya" enna roopam thettaaya aksharavinyaasamaayi kanakkaakkappedunnu. ammavan gaalariyasinte (dassian, thrassian vamshajaraaya oru roman chakravarty) abhyarthana maanich addeham "maximinus" enna peru nedi, chakravarthiyenna nilayil addehathinte muzhuvan perum "gallerius valerius maximinus" ennaayirunnu. aadhunika paandithyatthil addehathe palappozhum "maximinus daasa" ennu vilikkunnu, ennirunnaalum eee prathyeka roopam shilaashaasanamo saahitya thelivukaloo saakshyappeduthunnil.
aadyakaala currier.
roman illeria mekhalayil chakravarty gaalariyasinte sahodariyude makanayi felix romulianaykku chuttumulla avarude kudumba bhoomikk sameepam, dassia repensis enna graamapradeshathu, appol muun danubian pradeshamaaya mossiayilum, ippol aadhunika kizhakkan serbiayilum addeham janichu. roman sainyathil chernnathinu sesham addeham uyarnna sthaanamaanathilekku uyarnnu.
305-ll, addehathinte ammavan gallerius kizhakkan "augustus" aayi maarukayum maximinus sweekarikkukayum addehathe "seaser" (athaayath juuniyar kizhakkan bharanadhikaari) padaviyilekku uyarthukayum syriayudeyum eejipthinteyum sarkkar addehathinu nalkukayum cheythu.
aabhyantharayudham.
308-ll, lysinius "augustus" aayi uyarthappettathinusesham, maximinus, konstaantain I enniva "phili augustorum" ("augustiyude makkal") aayi prakhyapikkappettu, ennaal 310-ll sassaanidukalkkethiraaya oru prachaaranatthinide maximinus svayam "augustus" aayi stail cheyyaan thudangi. 311-ll gaalariyasinte maranashesham, maximinus kizhakkan saamraajyathe lysiniasinum tanikkum idayil vibhajichu. lysinius konstaantain I umm pothuvaaya kaaranam undakkaan thudangiyappol, maximinus italiye niyanthricha userper maxensiusumaayi oru rahasya sakhyathil praveshichu. 313-ll addeham lysiniasinoppam oru thuranna villalilekku ethi; 70,000 aalukalude oru sainyathe vilichuvaruthiyenkilum epril 30-nuu heraclea perinthasinte sameepathulla sirallam yudhathil addeham dayaneeyamaaya parajayam nerittu. aadyam nicomediayilekkum pinneedu tarsasilekkum oodippoya addeham adutha august maasathil marichu.
kristhyaanikalude peedanam.
kristhyaanikale purathaakkanamennu aavasyappetta vividha nagara adhikaarikalude aavasyangalkku marupadiyaayi pravarthicha gallerius sahishnuthayude saasanam prasidheekarichathinu sesham avarude peedanam puthukkippanithathin kristhyan charitrangalil maximinasinu oru mosham peraanullath. siseriyayile eusebius pakarthiya tayar nivaasikal nalkia oru nivedanathinu marupadiyaayi oru rescriptil, maximinus oru purajaatheeya yaadhaasthithikatha vishadeekarikkunnu, "daivangalude dayaapoorvamaaya paricharanathiloodeyaanu" oraalkk nalla vilakal, aarogyam, samadhaanaparamaaya kadal enniva pratheekshikkan kazhiyuka, anganeyallengil, oraal "aaa ashudharaaya manushyarude shoonyamaaya midhyaabodhathinte vinashakaramaaya thettu" [lokathe muzhuvan naanamkettathaakki] kuttappedutthanam. kristhyaanikale vilakkanamennu aavasyappettulla lysia, pamphilia nagarangalil ninnulla nilavilulla oru likhithathil (sil <aii. dii. 1>, arikaandayil ninnu), mattoru likhithathil maximinus marupadi nalki, "avar [...] aaraan, mochithanaaya sesham [...] aaa vazhikal [...] gurutharamaaya oru rogathil ninnu apaharikkappettathupole santhoshikkuka ".
ennirunnaalum, maxensiasinethiraaya konsttantain vijayathin sesham, maximinus praitorian prefect sabinasinu ezhuthi, "upadeshangaliloodeyum prashamsaaramgatthum allathe nammude pravishyakale daivaaraadhanayilekku oormmikkunnathaanu nallath". oduvil, lisiniyasinumaayulla ettumuttalinte thalennu, addeham gaaleriyasinte saasanam sweekarichu; lysiniasil parajayappettathinushesham, tarsessil marikkunnathin thottumunbu, kristhyaanikalkk othucherunnathinum pallikal nirmmikkunnathinum avarude kandukettapetta swathukkal punasthaapikkunnathinum avakashangal nalkikkond addeham svayam sahishnuthayude oru saasanam purappeduvichu.
eejipthile faravo.
eejiptil kristhumatham vyaapichukondirikke, faravo enna padavi puthiya matha prasthaanangalumaayi kooduthal poruthappedunnilla. oru kristhyaaniyallaatha vyakthiyenna nilayil maximinasinte padavi eejipthile purohithanmaarkk eejipthile mattu videsha bharanaadhikaarikale munbu shailiyilaakkiya athe reethiyil addehathe faravo aayi roopappeduthaan avasaram nalki. roman chakravarthimaar thanne eejipthukar nalkia padavi avaganichu; daiva-rajaakkanmaar enna nilayil avarude punk eejipthukar maathrame aabhyantharamaayi amgeekarichittulloo. faravo enna padavi nalkia avasana vyakthiyaan maximinus ennu theliyikkum-oru kristhyan roman/baisantain chakravarty islaamika nethaavum eejipthile ferravonic daivaraajaavinte purathana paarambaryam thudarnnilla.
maranam.
maximinasinte maranam "nirasha, visham, daivika neethi" ennivayumaayi vyathyasthamayi bandhappeduthiyirunnu.
eusebius, lactantius ennivar nalkia addehathinte maranathekkurichulla vivaranangalum eejipthile aanthribisil ninnulla oru tetrarchic prathimayude prathimayil shavakudeerangalude ofthaalmoppathi roopavum chilappol maximinus, endocrinologist peettar dii. graves rogam moolam gurutharamaaya thyrotoxicosis moolam maximinus marichirikkaamennu papepetroo oru sidhaantham munnottuvachittundu.
maximinus orupakshe ammavan gaalariyasinte bandhuvaya oru makaleyo kochumakaleyo vivaham kazhichirikkaam. avarude rund makkalaya oru makaneyum (maximus) oru makaleyum orupakshe lysinius chakravarty vadhichittundaakam; ennirunnaalum, addehathinte makkal kollappedukayo kollappedukayo cheythathinu thelivukalonnumilla.
maximinasil eusebius.
kristhyan ezhuthukaaranaaya eusebius avakaashappedunnathu maximinus athyagrahavum andhavishwaasavum moolam nasippikkappettathaanne. addeham valare moshamaaya jeevithashailiyaan nayichathennum aaropikkappedunnu
avan viddithathinteyum madyapaanathinteyum amithaavasthayilekku neengukayum thante manass vyathichalikkukayum thante carosalil bhranthaavukayum cheyyukayum madyapichappol avan kalpanakal nalkukayum cheythu; pinneedu shaanthanaayappol avan anuthapichu. vyabhichaarathilum adharmmathilum thanne marikadakkaan addeham aareyum sahichilla, marichu bharanaadhikaarikalum prajakalum aaya thante chuttumullavarkk dushtathayude oru parisheelakanaayi svayam maari. ellaatharam ullaasathilum asanthushtarilum veruthe jeevikkaan addeham sainyathodu abhyarthikkukayum govarnarmaareyum generalukaleyum thante pouranmaare thante bharanaadhikaarikaleppole balaalsangathodum athyaagrahathodum koodi durupayogam cheyyaan prolsaahippikkukayum cheythu.<bii. aarr.>
aaa manushyante niyamavirudhavum lajjayillathathumaaya pravrithikal naam vivarikkukayo avan vyabhicharam cheytha aalkkoottathe kanakkaakkukayo cheyyendathu enthukondu? sthreekaleyum kanyakamaareyum nirantharam dushippikkaathe oru nagaratthiloode kadannupokaan avanu kazhinjilla.
yoosebiyasinte abhipraayathil kristhyaanikal maathramaan addehathe ethirthathu.
manushyar theeyum vaalum crusical kaattumrigangalum kadalinte aazhangalum sahichu. kaikaalukalum pollalukalum vettikkalanju. chulikkukayum annukalilninnu kuzhichedukkukayum cheythu. shareerathile sakalabhagatheyum vikruthamaakki. iva koodaathe vishappum khanikalum bandhangalum sahichu. ellaattilum avar daivathodulla aadarav vigrahangalilekku mattunnathinupakaram mathathinuvendi kshama kaanichu.
purushanmarumaayi samgharshangal sahikkukayum sadgunathinte thulyapuraskaarangal vahikkukayum cheythathinaal divyavachanathinte prabodhanatthinte peril sthreekal purushanmaarekkaal purushanmaarekkaal kuranjavarayirunnilla. azhimathi aavasyangalkkaayi avare valichizhachappol, avar thangalude shareerangal ashudhikalkku pakaram maranathinu keezhadangi.
thante munkoor apeksha nirasicha uyarnna janicha oru kristhyan sthriye addeham paraamarsikkunnu. avan avale naadukadatthukayum avalude ellah sambathum swathukkalum pidichedukkukayum cheythu. eusebius penkuttikku oru peru nalkunnillengilum tyranius rufinus avale "dorothea" ennu vilikkukayum aval arabiayilekku palayanam cheythathayi ezhuthukayum cheiyunnu. eee katha alexandriayile dorotheayude aithihyamaayi parinamichirikkaam. seaser baronius yoosebiyasinte vivaranathil penkuttiye alexandriayile catherine ennu thiricharinju, ennaal bolaandistukal eee sidhaantham nirasichu.

