kontraatt nauvelle embouche

2010 august 2 nuu oordinans vazhi praabalyatthil vanna pradhaanamantri dominic dii villepin (empi) nirddeshicha oru franch thozhil karaaraan puthiya thozhil karar, puthiya recruitment karar allengil engleeshil puthiya thozhil karar ennariyappedunna oru kontraatt nauvele embouche (churukkatthil cne). thozhil uthejippikkunnathinu niyamanirmmaana nadapadikal sweekarikkaan paarlament adhikaarappeduthiyathinu sesham pradhaanamantri eee nadapadi nadappaakki. 2010ll (athu praabalyatthil vannathinu thottupinnaale) raddakia pilkkala aadyathe thozhil karaaril (sii. pii. iii) ninnu vyathyasthamayi, prathishedhangalkku sesham trade yooniyanukalude ethirppu undaayirunnittum sii. enn. iii oru thozhil kararayi upayogichu.
pashchaathalam.
fraansile uyarnna thozhilillaaymaykkethire pooraadunnathinulla 2005 juun emarjansi employment plaaninte bhagamaayaanu franch sarkkar cne srishtichathu. pala thozhiludamakalum karkkashamaaya franch thozhil niyamangale adisthaanamaakki avare niyamikkaan kazhiyaathathinal cherukida bisinasukalkku vazhakkam nalki thozhilavasarangal srishtikkaan lakshyamittaanu padhathi. thozhiludamakalum thozhiludamakalude union (medef) pathivayi avakaashappedunna oru avakaashavaadamaanu pirichuvidalumaayi bandhapetta vazhakkamillaathath.
khandikakal.
cheria kambanikal.
20 ll koodaattha sthira jeevanakkarulla sthaapanangalil eathu praayathilumulla puthiya sthira jeevanakkaarkk maathrame cne baadhakamaakoo.
aadya rund varshathe karar avasaanippikkal vakupp.
aadyathe rund varshathe thozhil kaalayalavil thozhiludamakale ishtaanusaranam pirichuvidaan karar anuvadikkunnu, athinusesham niyamaparamaaya nyaayeekaranam aavasyamaanu. fraansile deerghakaala thozhil kararukalkk saadhaaranayaayi baadhakamaaya samrakshana vyavasthakalumaayi bandhapetta oru pradhana edavelayaayirunnu flexibility closs. saadhaarana deerghakaala thozhil kararinu keezhil, oru thozhiludama oru jeevanakkaarane pirichuvidunnathine nyaayeekarikkendathundu. oru thozhiludama karaarinte aadya rund varshathinullil karar avasaanippikkukayaanenkil, avar randaazhcha muthal oru maasam vare munkoor notice nalkanam. oru jeevanakkaaran aadyathe rund varshathinullil munkoor ariyippillathe karar avasaanippikkam. aadyathe rund varshathinusesham karar nilavilulla deerghakaala kararinu samaanamaan, jeevanakkaaran samrakshana nadapadikalundu. oru jeevanakkaaran thozhil niyama kodathikalil avarude pirichuvidaline ethirkkaan kazhiyunna kaalayalav 12 maasamaayi sii. enn. iii parimithappedutthunnu; saadhaarana karaarukalil, eee kaalayalav 30 varshamaan.
vyavahaarathil thelivukalude bharam.
saadhaarana deerghakaala thozhil karaarukal prakaram, oru thozhiludama prathi enna nilayil thelivukalude bharam vahikkunnu; paraathikkaaran pirichuvitta jeevanakkaaranaanenkil, thozhiludama pirichuvidaline nyaayeekarikkanam. ithu thelivukalude bharam thirichedukkal ennariyappedunnu, ithu jeevanakkaarane pirichuvidaan nalkia niyamaparamaaya nyaayeekaranathe adisthaanamaakkiyullathaanu.
1973ll piyari masmarinte pradhaanamanthriyude keezhil valeri giscard dii estaayinginte bharanakaalathaanu eee niyamam nadappaakkiyathu. 1968 meyy maasathinushesham fraansine aadunikavalkkarikkukayenna lakshyathode oru "puthiya sosaitti project" nadatthiya jackwus chaban-delmassinte pingamiyaayirunnu piyar mesmer. ithil saamoohika nadapadikal ulppedunnundengilum giscard dii estaying manthrimaarum saambathika udaaravaadathe pinthunachu.
aadyathe rund varshangalil "oru uddeshyavum nalkendathillennu" aadyam sii. enn. iii paranjenkilum, 2005 oktobarile "konseyil dii 'itaatt" vidhi vyavahaarathil atharamoru uddeshyam adichelppichu. matham, rashtreeya abhiprayam, shaareerika vaikalyam, praayam allengil laingika aabhimukhyam ennivayude adisthaanathil vivechanam moolamaanu thangale pirichuvittathennu oru vaadi (jeevanakkaaran) aaropikkukayaanenkil, thozhiludamayude bhaagathekkulla thelivukalude bharam maattaanaan "konseyil dii 'itaatt" vidhichathu.
mattu kleyimukalkku, thelivukalude bharam jeevanakkaarude bhagathaanu. kodathi nadapadikramangalude apakadasaadhyatha ozhivaakkunnath sii. enn. iii. kku pinnile oru pradhana prasnamaanu. samanamaaya sii. pii. iii karar charchakaliloode, athiraalikal (unionukalum prathipaksha nethaakkalum) ellah thozhil kesukalilum thozhiludamaykku thelivukalude bharam thirichuvidunnathine pinthunachittundu.
pinthuna.
vazhakkathiloode mechappeduthuka.
pradhaanamantri dominic dii villepin parayunnathanusarichu, eluppathil pirichuvidunnathu cherukida kambanikale puthiya jeevanakkaare niyamikkunnathil vimukhatha kuraykkum. eee ashayam puthiyathalla; thozhiludamakalum saambathika vidagtharum kooduthal vazhakkam aavashyappedunnu, aagolavalkaranam samrakshana thozhil niyamathe thaangaanaavaathathaakkunnu karuthunnu. "vazhakkam sambandhicha prashnam pariharikkappedanam, vegathil", sii. jii. pii. emm. iii (fraansinte ezz. emm. iii. ezz association) nethaavum medef (fraansile pradhana thozhiludamakalude union) nethaavumaaya laurence parisot paranju. sakthamaaya parishkaarangalkkayi sarkkar munnott pookumennu medef sii. jii. pii. emmeyum pratheekshichirunnu.
deerghakaala karaarukalude probation kaalayalav samayaparidhi illaathe niyamikkaan kazhiyunna cherukida kambanikalkku rund varshathe kaalayalav vazhakkam nalkunnu. nyaayeekaranamilla" enna vyavastha oru pradhana prasnamaanu, kaaranam "thozhiludamakal palappozhum tribunal jeevanakkaaran anukoolamaayi valareyadhikam munvidhikal pularthunnuvennu vaadikkunnu". franch thozhil vipaniyil vazhakkam konduvarika" enna anthaaraashtra dhananidhiyude (aii. emm. eph) upadeshathinu anusrithamaayaanu sii. enn. iii., parishkaranatthilekkulla "aadyapadi" ennu aii. emm. eph. sii. enn. iii. esine visheshippikkunnu. aadyathe thozhil karar nirthalaakkiya sesham, 57 sathamaanam cherukida thozhiludamakalum cne raddaakkappedumennu bhayappettathayi oru sarway kaanichu.
mechappetta vazhakkam, thozhilillaayma kuranju.
thozhilillaayma kaikaaryam cheiyunnathinulla oru "aavashyamaaya nadapadiyaayirunnu cne" ennu pradhaanamantri avakashappettu, kaaranam "recruit cheythavaril moonnilonnu perkkum (cne illaathe) jolie labhikkumaayirunnilla". 2006 meyy maasathil dominic dii villepin parayunnathanusarichu ekadesham 500,000 cne oppuvachittundu, ithu cherukida bisinasukal karaarine anukoolikkunnuvennu theliyikkunnu. pinthunakkaarude abhipraayathil, cneyude praadhamika nettam niyamamillathe nilanilkkaatha thozhilavasarangal srishtikkuka ennathaanu; thozhiludamayude mechappetta vazhakkam thozhilillaayma kuraykkaan sahaayikkunnuvenn ithu soochippikkunnu. sii. enn. iii. kaaranam srishtikkappetta thozhilavasarangalude ennam srothassukal anusarichu vyathyaasappedunnu, prathivarsham 80,000 (insease naashanal instittyoott oof statistiks extrapolationukal) muthal ellah sii. enn. iii. kaludeyum 29 sathamaanam (aii. eph. oo. pii, desember 2005) vare.
juun 2006 leeii "less ecos" patanam <ref neyim = "ecos 6/2006> </ref> labhyamaya ettavum puthiya padanamaanu, yadhaartha kanakkukale adisthaanamaakkiyulla aadyathethaanu. padanamanusarichu 2005 augustinum 2006 eprilinum idayil 440,000 cne karaarukal oppuvachu, athil 10 sathamaanam (44,000) nilavilulla thozhil kararukalkk keezhil undakumaayirunnilla. 2005ll 50,000 svakaaryamekhalayile thozhilavasarangal maathram srishtichathinaal ithu sradheyamaanu. nilavilulla deerghakaala kararukalkk keezhil jolicheyyan thozhiludamakalude vimukhatha prakadamaakkunna 20 sathamaanam adhika jolikalum cne illaathe vaikumaayirunnuvennum patanam kaanikkunnu.
jeevanakkaarude aanukoolyangal.
deerghakaala kararukalkk aavashyamaaya saadhaarana onnu muthal moonnu maasam vare munkoor ariyipp illaathe aadyathe rund varshangalil jolie maattaan swaathanthryamulla jeevanakkaarude vazhakkamaan rund varshathe probationte oru anantharafalam. thozhiludamakalekkaal (38 sathamaanam) kooduthal cne karaarukal jeevanakkar (45 sathamaanam) avasaanippichathaayi 2006 leeii "less ecos" patanam theliyichu.
ethirppu.
2005 augustil sii. enn. iii niyamam nishabdamaayi pasaki, union ithara bisinasukalkku ithu baadhakamaayathinaal sii. pii. iii pottippurappedukathiye kuranja ethirppodeyaanu ithu paasaakkiyat. ennirunnaalum, 2005 october 4 nuu nadanna prakadanangalude praadhamika lakshyamayirunnu athu radhaakkal. 2006 epril aadya thozhil karar raddaakkiyathinu sesham, eee karar radhaakkaan unionukal sammarddam cheluthiyittundu; ithu jeevanakkaarkk apakadakaramaaya jolie srishtikkukayum thozhil surakshaye apakadathilaakkukayum cheiyunnuvennu avar vaadikkunnu.
pathittaandukalude poraattatthinu sesham thozhilaalli prasthaanam nediya thozhil niyamangale puthiya "vazhakkam" nishedhikkunnuvennu niyamathe ethirkkunnavar vaadikkunnu. puthiya karar avatharippicha thelivukalude bhaaratthinte vipareethathe prathirodhikkunnath budhimuttaanennu avar vaadikkunnu (udaaharanathinu, laingika peedanam polulla maanasika sammarddam kaaranam oru jeevanakkaarane pirichuvidukayaanenkil). oru sii. dii. aii kararinu vipareethamaayi, cne jeevanakkaarkk vaaypayo bhavanamo labhikkunnathil poraaymayundu. ennaal eee avakaashavaadam baankukal nishedhichu. 2006 februvari 20-leeii vidhikkusesham (chuvade kaanuka), sii. jii. tii trade union "sii. enn. iyude durupayogathinum villalinte durupayoga swabhaavathinum majistrettu thelivu nalkiyittundu" ennu prakhyaapichu "atharam niyamavirudhamaaya upayogam anuvadikkunnathu sii. enn. iyude thathwamaanu durupayogam cheiyunna vedivayppil ninnu samrakshikkunna gyaarandikal adichamarthunnathiloode, sii. enn. iii ellah ekapaksheeyamaaya meladhikaarikaludeyum perumaattatthe anukoolikkunnu".
2006 epril 28 nuu oru praadeshika thozhil kodathi ("konsail dess prude homas") rund varshathe "ishtaanusaranam theekoluthal" kaalayalav "yuktirahithavum anthaaraashtra thozhil samghadanayude (france amgeekaricha) 158-aamm nambar kanvenshanu virudhavumaanennu vidhichu, ithu oru jeevanakkaarane" niyamaanusrithamaaya uddeshyamillaathe pirichuvidaan kazhiyilla "ennu parayunnu...svayam prathirodhikkanulla avasaram addehathinu nalkunnathinumumbu.
swaadheenam.
2006 eprilil, cne jeevanakkaarude ennam 320,000 (ecos gavanment nambarukal) muthal 400,000 ("less ecos" economic pathratthinte nambarukal) vare vyathyaasappettirikkunnu. laurence paareesottinte (medef employezhs yooniyante nethaavu) neethrthwathilulla oru polling kambaniyaaya iphopinte abhipraayathil, 29 sathamaanam cne jolikalum cne illaathe nilanilkkumaayirunnil (mattoru vidhathil paranjaal, 106,000 muthal 133,000 vare cne jolikal athinte aadya ezhu maasangalil niraykkappedumaayirunni). thozhilavasarangalude moonnilonnu" srishtikkappedumaayirunna enna villepinte avakaashavaadam sthireekarikkunnathinaan eee votteduppu upayogichathu. ithu prathivarsham 40,000 muthal 80,000 vare thozhilavasarangal srishtikkumennu (naashanal instittyoott oof statistiks) kanakkaakkiyathin virudhamaanu.
ekadesham 500,000 karaarukal" oppuvachathayi 2006 meyy maasathil pradhaanamantri dii villepin paranju.
2006 juunil, "ecos" yadhaartha kanakkukale adisthaanamaakki aadyathe cne patanam puratthirakki. eee padanamanusarichu
ecos" anusarichu, svakaaryamekhala 2005ll (ekadesham 50,000) srishtichathupole 10 maasathinullil cne eathaandu niravadhi thozhilavasarangal srishtichu.
inseyum akos.
franch naashanal instittyoott phoor statistiks (insee) kanakkukoottunnath oro thrimaasathilum 10,000 muthal 20,000 vare thozhilavasarangal (prathivarsham 40,000 muthal 80,000 vare thozhilavasarangal) srishtikkumennu kanakkakkunnu. sii. enn. iii. esinte swaadheenam chodyam cheythirikkunnathu "leeii canard enchine" aanu, ithu insee patanam, aanp recordukal, trade unionukal enniva udharichu. maasangalude prathishedhatthinu sesham ettavum puthiya aadyathe thozhil karar (sii. pii. iii) nirasikkappettathinal, unionukalum sii. enn. iii radhaakkaan shramikkunnu. maruvashathu, thozhiludamakalude unionukal (medef) ithine oru pradhana parishkaranamaayi kanakkakkunnu. sarkkar eiii. sii. oo. ezz nambarukal (400,000 karaarukal) oru uyarnna kanakkaanenn "canard enchine" paranju. pinneedu acos eee kanakk 20 sathamaanam kurachukondu 320,000 aayi. aanp (thozhil vakupp) parayunnathanusarichu, 2005 august 19-nakam (athu avatharippichu randaazhcha kazhinju) 600 cnesil oppuvachu. cannard enchine" srishtikkappetta thozhilukalude ennathe (insee kanakkaakkunnath pole) "samudrathile oru thulli" aayi kanakkakkunnu. niravadhi sii. enn. ekale kodathiyil chodyam cheythu. avakasha durviniyogam" kaaranam onniladhikam thavana vediveppu thirichadiyundaayathinethu, cherukida thozhiludamakalude samghadanayaaya sii. jii. pii. emm. iii, villalukale nyaayeekarikkan amgangalkku nirddeshangal nalki "(athaayath.iii. sii. enn. iii. ezz. nadappaakkaathirikkuka). 2006 epril 28-leeii oru vidhi sii. enn. iii punasthaapichu.
kodathi theerumaanangal.
cne niravadhi thavana kodathiyil chodyam cheythittundu. 2005 october october fraansinte supreme kodathi anthaaraashtra thozhil samghadanayude 158-aamm kanvenshan anusarichu rund varshathe 'fayar-attu-will' kaalayalav nyaayayukthamaanennu prakhyaapichu. oru vedivayppu nyaayeekarikkaanaavaathaangil," athinartham athinu uddeshyamillennum jeevanakkaaran pidicheduttha jadji athu [pottalinte uddeshyam] nirnnayikkaano niyanthrikkaano paadilla ennum ardhamaakkunnilla "ennu" konseyil dii 'itaatt "prakhyaapichu. anyayamaaya vedivayppinte mattu udaaharanangalil garbhinikaleyo rogikaleyo pirichuvidal, abhikaamyamallaatha mathaparamo raashtreeyamo aaya abhipraayangalulla oraal, upadravikkappetta oraal (laingikamaayo mattoo), union prathinidhi allengil vamseeya adisthaanathil purathaakkappetta oraal enniva ulppedunnu.
abhoothapoorvamaaya oru theerumaanatthil, 2006 februvari 20 nuu longjyoomou (esoon) leeii oru thozhil-niyama kodathi oru thozhiludamayodu "vichaarana kaalayalavinte mosham villal", "ekeekarana kaalayalavinte villal" (rund varshathe "theepiduttham-ichhaashakthi" kaalayalav) ennivaykku 17,500 euro nashtapariharam nalkaan utharavittu. 51 kaaranaya oru vahana vyavasaya jeevanakkaarane 2005 meyy 21 nuu oru cheria sthaapanam (pme) oru saadhaarana, anischithamaaya karar (cdi) upayogichu niyamichirunnu. 2005 august 6 nuu (cne niyamam praabalyatthil vannu rund divasathinu sesham) addehathe pirichuvidukayum mattoru pme addehathe athe jolikkayi athe sthalathu cne upayogichu niyamikkukayum cheythu. 2005 august august addehathe randaam thavanayum pirichuvittu. cne ekapaksheeyamaaya meladhikaarikalude perumaattatthe anukoolichu" ennu sijiti avakashappettu.
2006 epril 28 nuu sii. pii. iii raddaakkiyathinushesham, long jumo "konsail dess prude hoams" (laber loow kodathi) sii. enn. iii anthaaraashtra niyamathinu virudhamaanennum "niyamavirudhavum" "judicial moolyamillaathathumaannum vidhichu. rund varshathe "ishtaanusaranam theekoluthal" kaalayalav "yuktirahithavum" anthaaraashtra thozhil samghadanayude (france amgeekaricha) 158-aamm kanvenshan lamghikkunnathum "aanennu kodathi vilayiruthi. 2005 juulai juulai sekrattariyaayi sii. dii. dii. (thaalkkaalika karar) yill niyamikkapetta linda dii veeyude kesilaanu kodathi vidhi prasthaavichathu. aarr maasathe kaalavadhi avasaanikkumbol, 2006 januvari 1 nuu athe thozhiludama oru cne karaarumaayi avare niyamichu. kodathi karaarine oru sii. dii. aii (sthiramaaya karar) aayi punarnirvachichu. eee theerumaanam vivaada karaarinte avasaanathe adayaalappeduthumennu sijiti trade union nethaavu bernard thibolt prateeksha prakadippichu.
2007 juulai juulai paarees appeel kodathi eee theerumaanam sharivachu. anthaaraashtra thozhil samghadana franch kodathikalude 2007 novemberile theerumaanathodu (dec-gb.300/20/6) yojichu, ithu "fozhsu ovriyar" trade yooniyante abhyarthana maanich purappeduvichu. puthiya thozhilinulla karaarukal" oru kaaranavashalum avasaanippikkaan kazhiyillennu urappakkaan franch sarkkarinodu aavasyappettu.

