
october viplavam

muun soviyatt unionile mahathaaya october soshyalist viplavam ennum bolshevik viplavam ennum ariyappedunna october viplavam, vladymyr leninte bolshevik party neethrthwathilulla russiayile oru viplavamaayirunnu, ithu valia russian viplavathile oru pradhana nimishamaayirunnu. 1917 ll russiayile randaamathe viplavakaramaaya sarkkar mattamaayirunnu ithu. petrogradil (ippol sent peettezhsburg) nadanna sayudha kalapathiloodeyaanu ithu nadannathu. russian aabhyantharayudhathinte thwarithappeduthal sambhavamaayirunnu athu.
october viplavam pinthudarukayum aaa varsham aadyam nadanna februvari viplavathe muthaledukkukayum cheythu, athu saarist svechaadhipathyathe attimarichu, athinte falamaayi oru udaaramaaya thaalkkaalika sarkkar roopappettu. saar nicolas randaamante ilaya sahodaranaaya grand duke maikkal prakhyaapichathinushesham thaalkkaalika sarkkar adikaaram etteduthirunnu, avar saar sthaanamozhiyumbol adikaaram ettedukkaan visammathichu. eee kaalayalavil, nagara thozhilaallikal kaunsilukalaayi (soviyattukal) samghadippikkaan thudangi, athil viplavakaarikal thaalkkaalika sarkkarineyum athinte pravarthanangaleyum vimarshichu. onnaam lokamahaayudhathil pooraadunnathu thudarunnathinaalum venalkkaalathudaneelam (juulai divasangalil noorukanakkinu prathishedhakkaare kollunnath ulppede) irumbu mushtiyode bharichathinaalum thaalkkaalika sarkkar janapreeti nediyilla.
soshyalist-viplavakaarikalude (srs) idathupaksha party neethrthwathilulla dayaraktarettu sarkkaarine niyanthrichathinaal sarathkaalathaanu sambhavangal thalakeezhaayi neengiyathu. theevra idathupaksha bolshevikkukal sarkkarinodu agaadhamaayi asanthushtaraayirunnu, oru sainika kalaapathinulla ahvaanangal pracharippikkan thudangi. 1917 october 10nuu (oo.ezz.; october 23, enn.ezz.), trotskyude neethrthwathilulla petrograd soviyatt oru sainika kalaapathe pinthunaykkaan vottu cheythu. october 24nuu (oo.ezz.; november 6, enn.ezz.) viplavam thadayunnathinulla shramathil sarkkar niravadhi pathrangal adachupoottukayum petrograd nagaram adachupoottukayum cheythu; cheria sayudha ettumuttalukal pottipurappettu. adutha divasam bolshevik naavikarude oru kappal thuramukhathu praveshichathode oru samboornna kalapam pottippurappedukayum pathinaayirakkanakkin sainikar bolshevikkukale pinthunachu uyarukayum cheythu. sainika-viplava samithiyude keezhilulla bolshevik redu gards fozhsu october 25 nuu (oo.ezz.; november 7, enn.ezz.1917. pittennu, sheetakaala kottaram (annathe russiayude thalasthaanamaaya petrogradil sthithicheyyunna thaalkkaalika sarkkaarinte aasthaanam) pidichedutthu.
viplavam saarvathrikamaayi amgeekarikkappedaathinaal, raajyam russian aabhyanthara yudhathilekku erangi, athu 1923 vare neendunilkkukayum aathyanthikamayi 1922 avasaanathode soviyatt union roopeekarikkunnathilekku nayikkukayum cheythu. sambhavathinte charithralekhanam vyathyasthamaan. vijayikalaaya soviyatt union athine thangalude prathyayashaasthrathinte saadhuthayaayum muthalaalithathinu melulla thozhilaalliyude vijayamaayum kandu. soviyatt kaalaghattatthil, viplava dinam oru deseeya avadhidinamaayirunnu, ithu raajyathinte sthaapaka kathayil athinte praadhaanyam adayaalappeduthunnu. maruvashathu, paashchaathya sakhyakakshikal athine oru eakaadhipathya attimariyayi kandu, athu janaadhipathya soviyatt kaunsilukal upayogashoonyamaakunnathuvare maathrame upayogichulloo. eee paripadi niravadhi saamskaarika pravarthanangalkku prachodanamaavukayum europiludaneelavum aagolathalathilum communist prasthaanangalkk theekoluthukayum cheythu. lokamembaadumulla niravadhi maarksist-leninist partykal october viplava dinam aaghoshikkunnu.
padavyuthpathishaasthram.
grigorian kalandarile novemberil sambhavichuvenkilum, eee sambhavam saadhaaranayaayi "october viplavam" (october viplavam) ennariyappedunnu, kaaranam akkaalat russia ippozhum juuliyan kalandar upayogichirunnu. soviyatt union athinte kalandar naveekarichathinu sesham eee sambhavam chilappol "november viplavam" ennariyappedunnu. ashayakkuzhappam ozhivakkaan, randum ooo.ezz, enn.ezz. paripaadikalude theeyathikal nalkiyittundu. kooduthal vivarangalkk pazhaya sailiyum puthiya shailiyude theeyathikalum kaanuka.
thudakkathil, samakaalika rekhakalil kaanunnathupole (udaaharanathinu, leninte samboornna kruthikalude aadya pathippukalil) eee sambhavathe "october attimari" (october attimari) allengil "moonnaamathe prakshobham" ennu vilichirunnu.
pashchaathalam.
februvari viplavam.
februvari viplavam russiayile saar nicolas randaamane attimarikkukayum addehathinte sarkkaarine russian thaalkkaalika sarkkaarine niyamikkukayum cheythu. ennirunnaalum, aabhyanthara abhiprayavyathyaasangalaal thaalkkaalika sarkkar durbalav aswasthavumaayirunnu. athu onnaam lokamahaayudham thudarnnu, athu kooduthal janapreeti nediyilla. raajyavyaapakamaayi saamoohikavum saambathikavum raashtreeyavumaaya bandhangale badhikkunna oru prathisandhi undaayi. vyavasaayathileyum gathaagathathileyum kramakkedukal vardhikkukayum vyavasthakal nedunnathile budhimuttukal vardhikkukayum cheythu. 1917leeii motham vyaavasaayika uthppaadanam 1914lethinekkaal 36 sathamaanathiladhikam kuranju. sharathkaalath yuralukal, donbukal, mattu vyaavasaayika kendrangal ennivayile ellah samrambhangalilum 50 sathamaanam vare adachupootti, ithu vanthothilulla thozhilillaaymayilekku nayichu. athesamayam, jeevithachelavu kuthane vardhichu. yadhaartha vethanam 1913ll undaayirunnathinte 50 shathamaanamaayi kuranju. 1917 oktobarode russiayude deseeya kadam 50 bilyan rubilukalaayi uyarnnu. ithil videsha sarkkarukalkkulla kadam 11 bilyan rubles aayirunnu. saambathika paapparatthatthinte bheeshani raajyam nerittu.
jarmman pinthuna.
swittsarlandil pravaasatthil kazhiyukayaayirunna vladymyr lenin mattu vimatharumayi chernnu russiayumaayi yudhathilaayirunna jarmmaniyiloode avarkkayi oru paatha charcha cheyyaan oru padhathi samghadippichu. eee vimathar thangalude russian shathrukkalkk prasnangal srishtikkumennu thiricharinja jarmman sarkkar leninum bharya ulppede 32 russian pouranmaare avarude pradeshathiloode seal cheytha train vandiyil yaatra cheyyaan anuvadichu.
dushe well" anusaricha
1917 november 7nuu nadanna oru attimari october viplavamaayi charithratthil rekhappeduthappettu. idakkaala sarkkar attimarikkappedukayum soviyattukal adikaaram pidichedukkukayum russia pinneedu fransumaayum brittanumaayum triple enttent sainika sakhyam avasanippikkukayum cheythu. russia sambandhichidatholam athu yudhathinte phalatthil avasaanamaayirunnu. kaisar wilhem randaaman thante yudhakaala shathruvine durbalappeduthunnathinaayi innathe panamaayi ekadesham araa bilyan euro (582 dasalaksham dollar) chelavazhichirunnu.
lenin athiyappol thaan epril maasathil thante prabandhangal nalki, athu bolshevikkukalodu thaalkkaalika sarkkar ettedukkaanum adikaaram pidichedukkaanum yuddham avasaanippikkaanum aavasyappettu.
thozhilaallikal, karshakar, sainikar ennivarude aswasthatha.
1917 juun, juulai, august maasangaliludaneelam, thozhilaallivargga russiakkaar thaalkkaalika gavanmentil aathmavishwaasakkuravinekku samsaarikkunnath saadhaaranamaayirunnu. russiayk chuttumulla factory thozhilaallikalkk bhakshanam, vitharanam, mattu vasthukkal ennivayude vardhichuvarunna kshaamathil athrupthi thonni. avar thangalude maanejarmareyo formanukaleyo kuttappeduthukayum faaktarikalil avare akramikkukayum cheythu. mothatthilulla bhakshanakshaamathinum mosham jeevita saahacharyangalkkum sambannarum swaadheenamullavarumaaya niravadhi vyakthikale thozhilaallikal kuttappedutthi. sambannarum shaktharumaaya eee vyakthikale viplavathinte athiraalikalaayi thozhilaallikal kaanukayum avare "boorshwas", "muthalaalitha", "saamraajyathva" ennu vilikkukayum cheythu.
1917 septambar, october maasangalil mosco, petrograd thozhilaallikal, donbaasile khanithozhilaalikal, yuralile loha thozhilaallikal, baakkuvile enna thozhilaallikal, madhya vyavasaya mekhalayile thunithara thozhilaallikal, 44 railway lainukalile railway thozhilaallikal ennivarude kootta panimudakku nadannu. eee maasangalil maathram oru dashalakshathiladhikam thozhilaallikal panimudakkil pankedutthu. oru saamoohika viplavathil thozhilaallikal niravadhi faaktarikalilum plaantukalilum ulppaadanathilum vitharanathilum niyanthranam sthaapichu. factory kammittikaliloodeyaanu thozhilaallikal eee panimudakku samghadippichathu. factory kammittikal thozhilaallikale prathinidheekarikkukayum mechappetta thozhil saahacharyangal, shambalam, manikorukal enniva charcha cheyyaan kazhiyukayum cheythu. jolisthalathe saahacharyangal gunanilavaarathil vardhichukondirikkam thozhilaallikalude mothatthilulla jeevithanilavaram mechappettirunnilla. appozhum bhakshanakshamam nilanilkkukayum thozhilaallikalkk labhicha vardhicha vethanam avarude kudumbangale paripalikkaan kaaryamayonnum cheythilla.
1917 oktobarode karshaka prakshobhangal saadhaaranamaayirunnu. sharathkaalathode, bhoomi udamakalkkethiraaya karshaka prasthaanam 624 kaundikalil 482-lake athawa raajyathinte 77 shathamaanathilekku vyaapichu. 1917 purogamikkumbol, saamoohika viplavakaarikalum menshevikkukalum bhoomi thangalkk vitharanam cheiyumenna vishwaasam karshakarkk kooduthal kooduthal nashtappedaan thudangi. munbatheppole jeevikkaan visammathicha avar kooduthal kooduthal nadapadikal kaikkalakki, karshakarude pravartthanangalude ennathilum theevravaadatthilum vardhanavu kaanaan kazhiyum. februveric octoberinum idayil rekhappeduthappetta naashanashtangalil 42 sathamaanathiladhikam (saadhaaranayaayi bhoovudamayude estettil ninnu vasthuvakakal kathikkukayum pidichedukkukayum cheiyunnu) oktobarilaanu sambhavichathu. kalaapangalude theevratha vyathyasthamaayirunnuvenku, samboornna kalaapangalum bhoomi pidichedukkalukalum asaadhaaranamaayirunnilla. kuranja sakthamaaya prathishedhangalil bhoovudama maanejarmarkkum sarkkar offeesukalkkumethiraaya maarchukalum daanyangal vilkkunnathinupakaram avaa thadanjuvekkukayum sambharikkukayum cheyyuka ennivayum ulppedunnu. thaalkkaalika sarkkar shikshaparamaaya sainikavibhagangal ayachappol athu karshakare prakopippikkuka maathramaan cheythath. septambaril, petrograd, mosco, mattu nagarangal, vadakkan, padinjaaran munnanikal ennividangalile gaarisanukalum baltic kappalppadayile naavikarum thangalude thiranjedukkappetta prathinidhi samghadanayaaya centrobaltiloode thaan thaalkkaalika sarkkaarinte adikaaram amgeekarikkunnillennum athinte oru command nadappakkillennum prakhyaapichu.
graamangalile aswasthathakalil sainikarude bharyamaaraayirunnu pradhana punk vahichirunnathu. 1914 muthal 1917 vare aarogyamulla purushanmaaril ekadesham 50 sathamaanavum yudhathinu ayaykkappedukayum palarum munnirayil kollappedukayum cheythu, athinte falamaayi niravadhi sthreekal kudumbatthinte thalavanmarayi. palappozhum-sarkkar alavansukal vaikukayum charakkukalude vardhichuvarunna vilayumaayi poruthappedaan paryaapthamallaathappol-sainikarude bharyamaar sarkkaarin niravadhi abhyarthanakal ayachu, athu valia thothil utharam labhikkathe pooyi. niraashayude falamaayi, eee sthreekal "upajeevana kalapangal" prerippikkunnathil swaadheenam chelutthi-ithine "pattini kalapam", "vamshahathyakal" allengil "baaba kalapam" ennum vilikkunnu."eee kalaapangalil, anyayamaaya vila eedaakkunnuvennu vishwasicha kadayudamakalil ninnu pouranmaar bhakshanavum vibhavangalum pidichedutthu. police edapettappol prathishedhakkaar "raakkukal, vadikal, kallukal, mushti" ennivayiloode prathikarichu."
yudhavirudha prakadanangal.
meyy 1 nuu videshakaarya mantri paaval milyukov oru nayatantra kurippil kendrashakthikalkkethiraaya yuddham "vijayakaramaya nigamanathilethaanulla" thaalkkaalika sarkkaarinte aagraham prakadippikkukayum ithu vishalamaaya rosham ulavaakkukayum cheythu. meyy 1 muthal 4 vare petrograadile ekadesham 100,000 thozhilaallikalum sainikarum, avarkk sesham bolshevikkukalude neethrthwathil mattu nagarangalile thozhilaallikalum sainikarum "yudhathodoppam!" enna baanarukalkk keezhil prakadanam nadatthi."ellah adikaaravum soviyattukalkk!"bahujana prakadanangal thaalkkaalika sarkkaarin prathisandhiyil kalaashichu. ellah adikaaravum soviyattukalkk nalkanamennum", "yudhathodoppam", "patthu muthalaalitha manthrimaare thaazheyidanamennum aavasyappettu petrogradil 500,000 tholam thozhilaallikalum sainikarum veendum prakadanam nadathiyathode juulai 1 kooduthal prakadanangalkku saakshyam vahichu."juulai 1nuu kendrashakthikalkkethire thaalkkaalika sarkkar akramanam aarambhichu, athu taamasiyaathe thakarnnu. aakramanathinte parajaya vaartha thozhilaallikaludeyum sainikarudeyum poraattam kooduthal sakthamaakki. juulai 15nuu thaalkkaalika sarkkaaril oru puthiya prathisandhi aarambhichu.
juulai divasangal.
adikaaram soviyattukalkk kaimaranamennu aavasyappettu juulai 16nuu petrogradil thozhilaallikaludeyum sainikarudeyum swaabhaavika prakadanangal aarambhichu. russian soshyal demookratik laber party kendra kammitti swaabhaavika prasthaanangalkk neethrthwam nalki. juulai 17nuu petrogradil samadhaanaparamaaya oru prakadanamaayi uddeshichirunna juulai divasangalil 500,000-thiladhikam aalukal pankedutthu. soviyatt yooniyante ool-russian executive kammittiyile soshyalist-revolutionary party-menshevik nethaakkalude pinthunayode thaalkkaalika sarkkar prathishedhakkaarkkethire sayudha aakramanathinu utharavidukayum noorukanakkinu pere kollukayum cheythu.
adichamarthalinte oru kaalaghattamaanu thudarnnundaayathu. juulai 5 muthal 6 vare, "pravda" yude edittoriyal offeesukalkkum printing pressukalkkum bolshevikkukalude kendra kammittiyum petrograd kammittiyum sthithicheyyunna kshesinskaaya kottaaratthinum nere akramanangal nadannu. juulai 7 nuu, saarist bharanathin keezhil cheythathupole, olivil pookaan nirbandhithanaaya vladymyr lenine arast cheyyaanum vichaaranaykkum sarkkar utharavittu. bolshevikkukale arast cheyyukayum thozhilaallikale niraayudheekarikkukayum petrograadile viplava sainika unitukal pirichuvidukayo yudhamukhathekku ayaykkukayo cheythu. juulai 12nuu, thaalkkaalika sarkkar munnil vadhasiksha avatharippikkunna oru niyamam prasidheekarichu. juulai 24nuu alexander kerenskyude adhyakshathayil randaamathe sakhya sarkkar roopeekarichu.
oru bolshevik abhyarthanaykku marupadiyaayi, moscoyile thozhilaallivargam 400,000 thozhilaallikalude prathishedha panimudakku aarambhichu. kyivu, khaarkiv, nisni novgorod, ekkatherinburg, mattu nagarangal ennividangalile thozhilaallikalude panimudakkukalum prathishedha raalikalum avare pinthunachu.
kornilov bandham.
juulai 18 muthal commander-inn-cheefaayirunna general laver kornilov, kerenskyude karar prakaram kramasamadhanam punasthaapikkaan petrogradilekku march cheyyaan aleksaandar krimovinte neethrthwathilulla oru sainyathin nirddesham nalki. chila vivaranagal anusarichu, sainyam oru attimari nadathaanulla saadhyathayekkurich kerensky bhayappedukayum utharavu maattukayum cheythu. ithinu vipareethamaayi, charitrakaaranaaya richard paippukal eee episode kerenskyanu roopakalppana cheythathennu vaadichu. august 27nuu, sarkkar vanjichathaayi thonniya kornilov petrogradilekku neengi. munnil kurachu sainikar avasheshichirunna kerensky sahaayathinaayi petrograd soviyattilekku thirinju. bolshevikkukalum menshevikkukalum soshyalist viplavakaarikalum sainyathe neridukayum avare pinmaran prerippikkukayum cheythu. railway, telegraph thozhilaallikalil bolshevikkukal cheluthiya swaadheenavum sainikarude sanjaaram thadayunnathil nirnaayakamaanennu thelinju. rashtreeya valathupaksham vanjichathaayi anubhavapettu, idathu veendum uyarnnuvannu. cornelovinte parajayappetta attimariyude aadya nerittulla anantharafalam raajavaazhchayude aupachaarika nirmarjanavum septambar 1 nuu russian republicinte prakhyaapanavumaayirunnu.
kornilov paraajayappettathode soviyattukalile bolshevikkukalude janapreeti madhya, praadeshika pradeshangalil ganyamaayi vardhichu. august 31 nuu thozhilaallikaludeyum sainikarudeyum prathinidhikalude petrograd soviyattum septambar 5 nuu mosco soviyatt thozhilaallikalude prathinidhikalum adhikaarathekkurichulla bolshevik prameyangal amgeekarichu. briensk, samara, saratov, tsaaritsin, minsk, keevu, thaashkant, mattu nagarangal enniva ettedukkaan bolshevikkukalkku kazhinju.
viplavam.
aasoothranam.
1917 october 10nuu (oo.ezz.; october 23, enn.ezz.), bolshevikkukalude kendrakammitti "oru sayudha prakshobham anivaaryamaanennum athinulla samayam poornnamaayum pakwathayullathaanennum" prasthaavikkunna prameyathinu vottu cheythu."oru sayudha prakshobhatthinaayi" russiayile janangal ethratholam kaathirunnuvennum athu bolshevikkukal adikaaram ettedukkenda samayamaayirunnuvennum samiti yogathil lenin charcha cheythu. aasoothrithamaaya kalaapathinte vijayathil lenin aathmavishwaasam prakadippichu. maasangalolam bolshevik adhikaarathinte nirmmaanatthil ninnum petrograd, mosco thudangiya pradhana nagarangalile vividha kammittikalilekkum kaunsilukalilekkum nadanna vijayakaramaya thiranjeduppukalil ninnumaanu addehathinte aathmavishwaasam udaleduthathu.
soviyatt president liyon trotskyude neethrthwathil bolshevikkukal petrograd soviettinullil oru viplavakaramaaya sainika samiti roopeekarichu. sayudha thozhilaallikal, naavikar, sainikar ennivaradangiya samiti thalasthaanathe kavalsenayude pinthunayum nishpakshathayum urappu nalki. thangalude thayyaareduppukal marachuvekkaathe, nagaratthiloode thanthrapradhaanamaaya sthalangal kaivashappeduthaan kammitti chittayayi padhathiyittu thaalkkaalika sarkkar president kerenskick thanne avayekkurichu ariyamaayirunnu; leve kamenevum grigori sinoviev chorthiya chila vishadaamshangal pathrangalil prasidheekarichu.
thudakkam.
october 24 nuu athiraavile (oo.ezz.; november 6 nuu n.ezz.), kerenskyude sarkkarinodu vishwasthatha pulartthunna oru koottam sainikar bolshevik pathramaya "rabochi puttu" ("thozhilaallikalude paatha") enna achadi housilekku march nadatthi, achadi upakaranangalum aayirakkanakkin pathrangalum pidichedukkukayum nasippikkukayum cheythu. taamasiyaathe, "rabochi puttu" mathramalla, idathupaksha "soldaatt", theevra valathupaksha pathrangalaya "sivo slovo", "novaya ruz" ennivayum udan adachupoottumennu sarkkar prakhyaapichu. eee pathrangalude edittarmaarum sambhaavakarum kalaapathin ahvaanam cheiyunnathum criminal kuttangal chumatthi vichaarana cheyyappedunnathum kaanapettu.
marupadiyaayi, 9 eiii.emm. sarkkaarinte pravartthanangale apalapichu bolshevik sainika viplava samiti oru prasthavana purappeduvichu. 10 manikk.emm.bolshevik-sakhyasenaamgangal "rabochi puttu" printing house vijayakaramaayi thirichupidichu. kerensky ekadesham 3pick prathikarichu.emm. aaa divasam uchathirinju petrograadinte paalangalilonn ozhike matellaam uyarthaan utharavittu, juulai divasangalil niravadhi maasangalkk munbu sarkkar upayogicha thanthram. paalangalude niyanthranathecholli sainika-viplava samithiyumaayi sakhyamundaakkiya redu gaard milishyakalum ippozhum sarkkarinodu vishwastharaaya sainika yoonittukalum thammil idaykkide ettumuttalukalude oru parambarayaanu thudarnnu nadannathu. ekadesham 5pii.emm. sainika-viplava samiti petrograadinte kendra telegraph pidichedutthu, ithu nagaratthiloodeyulla ashayavinimayathil bolshevikkukalkku niyanthranam nalki.
october 25nuu (oo.ezz.; november 7, enn.ezz.1917-ll bolshevikkukal petrograadile (ippol sent. annathe russiayude thalasthaanamaaya peettezhsburg) thaalkkaalika sarkkaarinethire. praadhamikamaayi anchu distroyarukalum avarude crewe naavikarum adangunna oru bolshevik anukoola kappalinte petrograd thuramukhathe varavodeyaanu eee sambhavam. kronstaadil naavikar bolshevik kalapathodu kooru kaanichu. pularche, kanatha kaaval earppeduthiyathum, mangiya kottaaratthile aasthaanathu ninnu, sainika-viplava samiti avasaanathe sthalangal aakramikkukayo pidichedukkukayo cheyyanamennu theerumaanichu. redu gaardukal pradhana sarkkar soukaryangal, pradhana ashayavinimaya instaaleshanukal, anukoola sthalangal enniva cheria ethirppode vyavasthaapithamaayi pidichedutthu. petrograd garson nagaratthile mikka sainika yoonittukalum thaalkkaalika sarkkaarinethiraaya kalaapathil pankuchernnu. eee divasam aarambhicha thozhilaallikaludeyum sainikarudeyum prathinidhikalude soviyatt yooniyante randaamathe akhilenthyaa russian kongrasinu samsthaana adikaaram kaimarunnathinaayi kalapam samayabandhithamayi samghadippikkappettu.
kerensky thaalkkaalika sarkkarum kaaryamaaya cheruthunilppu nalkaan phalatthil nissahayaraayirunnu. railway railway steshanukalum soviyatt thozhilaallikalum sainikarum divasangalolam niyanthrichirunnathil petrogradilekkum athil ninnum railway yaatra thaalkkaalika sarkkar udyogastharkku asaadhyamaayirunnu. sevanayogyamaaya vaahanangalonnum kandethaan thaalkkaalika sarkkarinum kazhinjilla. kalaapathinte prabhaathatthil, nagarathinu purathulla thaalkkaalika sarkkarinodu souhrudaparamaayirikkumennu thaan pratheekshicha sainika senayilekku athicheraanulla oru maarggathinaayi kerensky kadinamaayi tirayukayum aathyanthikamayi sheetakaala kottaaratthil ninnu addeham oodicha american embassyil ninnu oru renault kaar kadam vaangukayum cheythu. kottaarathinu chuttum nadakkunna pikkattukal ozhivaakkaanum aduthuvarunna sainikare kandumuttaanum kerenskyk kazhinju.
kerensky petrogradil ninnu purappettappol, lenin "russiayile pouranmaarkku" oru prakhyapanam ezhuthi, sainika-viplava samiti thaalkkaalika sarkkaarine attimarichathaayi prasthaavichu. soviyatt anukoola sainikar nagaratthiludaneelamulla pradhana niyanthrana kendrangal pidichadakkiyappol polum rashyayiludaneelam telegraph vazhiyaan prakhyapanam ayachathu. leninte uddeshyangalilonnu, aaa divasam uchathirinju othukoodunna soviyatt kongras amgangale "nyayamaaya poorttheekaranatthode" avatharippikkuka ennathaayirunnu, angane adikaaram ettedukkunnathinte jnjaanathekkuricho niyamasaadhuthayekkuricho kooduthal charchakal thadayuka ennathaayirunnu.
shaityakaala kottaarathinu nereyulla akramanam.
sheetakaala kottaarathinethiraaya avasaanathe akramanam-3,000 kedattukal, officermaar, kosaakkukal, vanita sainikar ennivarkkethiraaya-shakthamayi cherukkappettilla. pravarthanakshamamaaya peerankikal kandethaan kazhiyaathathinal bolshevikkukal akramanam vaikippichu. vaikunneram 6.15nuu.emm.oru valia koottam peeranki kedattukal avarude peerankikal koode kondupoyi kottaram upekshichu. ratri 8 manikk.emm.200 kosaakkukal kottaram vittu avarude baarakkukalilekku madangi.
kottaarathinullile thaalkkaalika sarkkaarinte manthrisabha enthu nadapadiyedukkanamennu charcha cheythappol, bolshevikkukal keezhadangan oru anthima munnariyipp nalki. nagarathinu purathulla vishwastha sainika senayumaayulla manthrisabhayude ashayavinimayam vichedichukondu thozhilaallikalum sainikarum avasaanathe telegraph steshanukal kaivashappedutthi. ratri kadannupokumbol kalaapakaarikalude oru koottam kottaarathinu chuttum athikramichu kayarukayum palarum athilekku nuzhanjukayarukayum cheythu. ratri 9.45nuu.emm, cruiser "aurora" thuramukhathu ninnu oru blank shoat nadatthi. chila viplavakaarikal 10:25 p enna samayat kottaaratthil praveshichu.emm. moonnu manikkoorin sesham oru koottamaaya praveshanam undaayirunnu.
2. 10 eiii.emm. october 26nuu bolshevik sainyam niyanthranam nedi. 40, 000 sakthamaaya aakramana senaye prathirodhikkunnathinupara vanita bataaliyan kedattukalum 140 sannadhapravarthakarum keezhadangi. kettidatthiludaneelam idaykkide nadanna vedivayppinu sesham, thaalkkaalika sarkkaarinte manthrisabha keezhadangukayum peettar, pooll kottayil thadavilaakkappedukayum cheythu. arast cheyyappedaattha eaka amgam ithinakam kottaram vittupoya kerensky mathramaayirunnu.
petrograd soviyatt ippol sarkkar, gaarisan, thozhilaallivarggam ennivayude niyanthranathilaayirikke, soviyatt yooniyante randaamathe russian kongras aaa divasam athinte udghaadana sammelanam nadatthi, athesamayam trotsky ethir menshevikkukaleyum soshyalist viplavakaarikaleyum (sr) kongrasil ninnu purathaakki.
debengoyude tharkkaparamaaya vesham.
centrobaltinte nethaavu enna nilayil, kalaapathil pavlo dibengo nirnaayaka punk vahichuvennum pathinayiram baltic kappal naavikarumayi nagaratthiletthiya patthu yudhakkappalukalaanu petrograadile adikaaram pidichedukkukayum thaalkkaalika sarkkaarine thaazheyirakkukayum cheythathennum chila srothassukal vaadikkunnu. ithe naavikar russiayile thiranjedukkappetta paarlamentine balamaayi pirichuvidukayum petrogradil prathishedhakkaarkkethire mesheen gann upayogichu vediyuthirkkukayum 100 oolam prathishedhakkaar kollappedukayum noorukanakkinu perkku parikkelkkukayum cheythu. dibengo thante ormmakkurippukalil eee sambhavathe "vaayuvile niravadhi shottukal" ennu paraamarshichu. petrogradilalla, moscoyilaanu nirbhagyakaramaaya jeevahaniyundaayathennum mukalil soochippichathinekkaal valare kuravaanennum akkaalat padinjaaran warta ejansikal report cheythirunnuvennum luis brayaant polulla vividha srothassukal ithine tharkkikkunnu. vaayuvile niravadhi shottukale" sambandhichidatholam, marichu soochippikkunna thelivukal kuravaanu.
pinneedu soviyatt chithram.
sheetakaala kottaram pidichadakkiyathu eathaandu prathirodhamillathe nadannappol, soviyatt charitrakaaranmaarum udyogastharum pinneedu eee sambhavathe naadakeeyavum veerochithavumaaya padangalil chithreekarichu. shaityakaala kottaaratthinte kodunkaattu" enna thalakkettilulla charitraparamaaya punarnirmmaanam 1920-ll avatharippikkappettu. 100,000 kaanikal kanda eee punarnirmmaanam pinneedu nirmmicha audyogika sinimakalkku maathruka nalki, ithu shaityakaala kottaaratthinte kodunkaattil kadutha poraattam kaanichu, ennirunnaalum, vaasthavathil, bolshevik kalaapakaarikalkk cheria ethirppu neridendi vannirunnu.
shaityakaala kottaaratthile kodunkaattu", "shaityakaala kottaaratthinte prathirodham" ennivayekkurichulla pilkkala vivaranagal bolshevik pablisistukalude prachaaranamaayirunnu. petrograadile october sambhavangalude "raashtreeyamaayi sariyaaya" pathipp chithreekarikkunna "vanita bataaliyan" chithreekarikkunna mahathaaya paintingukalum serji aisansteente steju cheytha chithratthil ninnu edutha foto sttillukalum sathyamaayi kanakkakkappettu.
phalam.
puthiya sarkkar roopeekarichu.
soviyatt yooniyante randaamathe kongrasil 670 thiranjedukkappetta prathinidhikal ulppettirunnu 300 perr bolshevikkukalum 100 oolam perr soshyalist-viplavakaarikalum aayirunnu, avar alexander kerensky sarkkaarine attimarikkunnathine pinthunachu. shaityakaala kottaaratthinte pathanam prakhyaapichappol, kongras thozhilaallikaludeyum sainikarudeyum karshakarudeyum prathinidhikalude soviyattukalkk adikaaram kaimarunna oru utharavu sweekarichu, angane viplavam amgeekarichu.
adhikara kaimaattam viyojippillathe aayirunnilla. leninum bolshevikkukalum niyamavirudhamaayi adikaaram pidicheduthathaayi soshyalist viplavakaarikalude kendra, valathupaksha vibhaagangalum menshevikkukalum vishwasikkukayum prameyam paasaakkunnathin munbu avar erangippokukayum cheythu. avar purathupokumbol, trotsky avare parihasichu, "ningal dayaneeyamaayi otappetta vyakthikalaanu; ningal paapparaayavaraanu; ningalude punk nirvahikkappedunnu. ningal ippol muthal evideyaano avide-charithratthinte chavattukuttayilekku!"
pittennu, october 26nuu, kongras oru bharanaghadanaa asambliyude birudadaanachadanguvare bolshevikkukalude oru puthiya manthrisabhaye thiranjedutthu. lenin neethaavaayirunna eee puthiya soviyatt sarkkar peeples kammeeshanarmaarude (sovanarcom) kaunsil (soviyatt) ennariyappettirunnu. viplavathinte manam" varunnathayi report cheythukondu lenin eee peru amgeekarichu. manthrisabha udan thanne samaadhaanathekkurichulla utharavum bhoomiyile utharavum pasaki. niyamasabha pirichuvidunnathuvare eee puthiya sarkkaarine audyogikamaayi "thaalkkaalikam" ennum vilichirunnu.
bolshevik virudha vikaaram.
athe divasam thanne, soshyalist viplavakaarikal chuvarukalilum velikalilum posttarukal pathippikkukayum athu ettedukkaline "maathrraajyathinethiraaya kuttakrithyam", "viplavam" ennu visheshippikkukayum cheythu; ithu bolshevik virudha vikaarathinte adutha tharamgathe soochippichu. pittennu menshevikkukal jorjiyayil adikaaram pidichedukkukayum athine oru swatantra republicayi prakhyapikkukayum cheythu; doonn kosaakkukalum avarude sarkkaarinte niyanthranam avakashappettu. bolshevik shakthikendrangal nagarangalilaayirunnu, prathyekichu petrograd, graamapradesangalil kooduthal sammishra pinthunayundaayirunnu. karshakarude aadipathyamulla idathu sr party bolshevikkukalumaayi sakhyathilaayirunnu. thaalkkaalika sarkkar tholvi sammathichittillennum sainyavumayi koodikkaazhcha nadathukayaanennum reportukalundaayirunu.
posttarukalum pathrangalum bolshevikkukalude pravartthanangale vimarsikkaanum avarude adikaaram nirasikkaanum thudangiyathode bolshevik virudha vikaaram valarnnu. karshaka soviyatt executive kammitti "thozhilaalivarggathinte ichhaashakthiyude eee criminal lamghanathil samghaditha karshakarude ellah pankaalitthavum roshathode [nishedhichu]". ithu oduvil october 30 (oo.ezz., november 12, enn.ezz.) palli manikal kondu swaagatham cheyyappetta kosaakkukal petrograadinte praanthapradeshathulla tsarskoy seloyil kerenskyumaayi velutha kuthirappurathu praveshichu. aayudangal vekkaan kerensky raifil gaarsanin oru anthima munnariyipp nalkukayum athu udan nirasikkappedukayum cheythu. thudarnnu kerenskyude kosaakkukal avarkk nere vediyuthirkkukayum athu 8 maranangalkk kaaranamavukayum cheythu. ithu petrograadile sainikare saarist bharanamenna nilayil kerenskikkethire thirinju. sainyathinte mail adikaaram ettedukkunnathil kerenskyude paraajayatthe joonn reed visheshippichathu thante gavanmentinte avasaanathe soochippikkunna oru "marakamaaya abaddham" ennaanu. thudarnnulla divasangalil bolshevikkukalkkethiraaya poraattam thudarnnu. redu gaard tsarskoy seloyil kosaakkukalkkethire poraadi, kosaakkukal rank thakarth avarude peerankikal upekshichu oodippoyi. 1917 october 31nuu (november 13, enn.ezz.), oraazhchathe kadutha theruvu poraattatthinu sesham bolshevikkukal moscoyude niyanthranam nedi. 700 perr kollappettathayi kanakkaakkappedunna peerankikal swathanthramaayi upayogichirunnu. ennirunnaalum, chila pravisyakalil kerenskyk thudarchayaaya pinthuna undaayirunnu.
moscoyude pathanathinushesham, oru sarkkar ozhikeyulla, thangalude party nadathunnathil bolshevikkukalude manushyashakthiyudeyum samghadanayudeyum abhaavathe vimarshicha "novayaa siin" enna pathram polulla cheria pothu bolshevik virudha vikaaram maathrame undaayirunnulloo. bolshevik bharanam sweekarikkunnathil "petrograd, mosco, russiayude mattu bhagangal ennividangalil oru madiyum illa" ennu lenin aathmavishwaasathode avakashappettu.
sarkkar parishkaarangal.
1917 november 10nuu (november 23, enn.ezz.), estettukal, padavi, raankukal thudangiya poura asamathvathinte ellah niyamaparamaaya padavikalum raddaakkikkondu saadhyamaaya ellah kaaryangalilum thulyarakkaan shramicha russiacarkku sarkkar "russian republicile pouranmaar" enna padam prayogichu."
eare naalaayi kaathirunna bharanaghadanaa assembly thiranjeduppu november 12nuu (oo.ezz., november 25, enn.ezz.1917. soviyatt partyile avarude bhooripakshathinu vipareethamaayi, 715 seettukalulla niyamanirmmaana samithiyil bolshevikkukal 175 seettukal maathramaan nediyathu, 370 seettukal nediya soshyalist viplava partic pinnil randaam sthaanathaanu, ennirunnaalum sr party appozhekkum oru muzhuvan party nilaninnirunnilla, kaaranam idathu srs 1917 october muthal 1918 march vare bolshevikkukalumaayi sakhyathilaayi (pazhaya pattikakalayi bharanaghadanaa asambliyude madangiya irippidathinte niyamasaadhuthayekkurichulla tharkkathinu kaaranam pazhaya sr party neethrthwam thayyarakkukayum angane kooduthalum valathu srsine prathinidheekarikkukayum cheythu, athesamayam karshaka soviyatt prathinidhikal bolshevik anukoola idathu srsinu bhooripaksham nalkukayum cheythu). november 28naanu bharanaghadanaa assembly aadyamaayi yogam cherendiyirunnathu.ezz.) 1917, ennaal athinte birudadanachadangu januvari 5 vare vaikippichu.ezz.; januvari 18, enn.ezz.) 1918 bolshevikkukal. bharanaghadanaa assembly athinte aadyatheyum ekatheyum divasam soviyattukalumaayi samgharshathilaakukayum samadhaanatheyum bhoomiyeyum kurichulla soviyatt utharavukal nirasikkukayum cheythu, athinte falamaayi soviyatt kongrassinte utharavanusarichu adutha divasam bharanaghadanaa assembly pirichuvidappettu.
1917 desember 16nuu (29 desember, enn.ezz.), sainyathile ellah padavikalum raankukalum unifom alankaarangalum neekkam cheyth shrenivyavastha illaathaakkaan sarkkar shramichu. abhivaadyam cheiyunna paarambaryavum illaathaakki.
1917 desember 20nuu (1918 januvari 2, enn.ezz.), leninte utharavilaanu chekka srishtichathu. bolshevikkukal avarude rashtreeya athiraalikalkku mail adikaaram shakthippeduthunnathinte thudakkamaayirunnu iva. lenine vadikkaanulla sramam parajayappettathine thudarnnu 1918 septambaril redu terror aarambhichu. franch jacobin bheekaravaadam soviyatt bolshevikkukalkku oru udaaharanamaayirunnu. 1904ll thanne trotsky leninine maximilian robspiyarumaayi thaarathamyam cheythirunnu.
rashyayiludaneelam swakaarya bhoomi ettedukkukayum athu parasparam punarvitharanam cheyyukayum cheytha karshakarude pravartthanangal bhoomi sambandhicha utharavu amgeekarichu. soviyatt yooniyante pathaakayilum ankil chuttikayum ariwal kondu soochippikkunna thozhilaallikaludeyum karshakarudeyum sakhyathe prathinidheekarikkunnavaraana bolshevikkukal svayam kandathu.
mattu utharavukal
russian aabhyanthara yuddham.
russian saamraajyathinte mattu bhaagangalil adikaaram nedaanulla bolshevikkinte neethrthwathilulla sramangal russiayil valia thothil vijayichu-moscoyile poraattam randaazhcha neenduninnengilum-ennaal februvari viplavam muthal swaathanthryathinaayi abhyarthikkunna saamraajyathinte vamsheeyamaayi rashyakkaarallaatha bhaagangalil avaa vijayichilla. udaaharanathinu, 1917 juun 23 nuu svayambharanaadhikaaram prakhyaapicha ukreniyan raada, november 20 nuu ukreniyan peeples republic srishtichu, athine soviyatt eukrainiyan kongras pinthunachu. ithu petrograadile bolshevik sarkkarumaayulla sayudha samghattanathilekkum oduvil 1918 januvari 25 nuu russiayil ninnu oru ukreniyan swaathanthrya prakhyaapanathilekkum nayichu. estoniyayil rund athiraalikalaaya sarkkarukal uyarnnuvannu 1917 eprilil sthaapithamaaya estonian pravishya assembly 1917 november 28 nuu svayam estoniayude paramonnatha niyamaparamaaya adikaaram prakhyapikkukayum 1918 februvari 24 nuu swaathanthrya prakhyapanam nadathukayum cheythu; ennaal soviyatt russia estoniayile soviyattukalude executive kammittiye pravishyayile niyamaparamaaya adhikaaramaayi amgeekarichu, ennirunnaalum estoniayile soviyattukal thalasthaanavum mattu chila pradhana pattanangalum maathram niyanthrichirunnu.
october viplavathinte vijayathin sesham russian raashtrathe oru soviyatt republicayi parivartthanam cheythathinushesham, 1918 muthal 1922 vareyulla russian aabhyantharayudhathil bolshevik virudha grouppukalude oru sakhyam puthiya sarkkaarine sthaanabhrashtamaakkaan shramichu. kendrashakthikalumaayi bolshevikkukal verpirinja samaadhaanathin sesham aabhyantharayudhathil edapedaanulla shramathil, sakhyashakthikal (yunaittad kingdom, france, itali, yunaittad stetts, jappan) soviyatt yooniyante chila bhagangal rund varshathilere pidichadakki. akramasakthamaaya aabhyantharayudhathinte avasaanathode russiayude sambadvyavasthayum adisthaana soukaryangalum saaramaayi nasippikkappedukayum yudhathil oru kodi aalukal kollappedukayum cheythu, avaril bhooribhaagavum saadhaaranakkaaraayirunnu. dasalakshakkanakkinu aalukal vella kudiyettakkaaraayi maarukayum russiayile aii. dii. 1 shaamam anchu dasalaksham vare irakale baadikkukayum cheythu. 1933 vare america puthiya russian sarkkaarine amgeekarichilla. 1920 kalude thudakkathil europian sakthikal soviyatt unione amgeekarikkukayum puthiya saambathika nayam (nep) nadappaakkiya sesham athumaayi bisinessil earppedaan thudangukayum cheythu.
charithralekhanam.
october viplavatheppole avarude charitra gaveshanathe swaadheenicha gaveshakarude rashtreeya abhiprayam valare kurachu sambhavangal maathrame undaayittulloo. pothuve, viplavathinte charithralekhanam pothuve moonnu vibhagangalaayi vibhajikkappedunnu soviyatt-maarksist, paashchaathya-eakaadhipathya, punaravalokanavaada.
soviyatt charithralekhanam.
october viplavathinte soviyatt charithralekhanam soviyatt charitraparamaaya vikasanavumayi bandhappettirikkunnu. viplavathinte aadyakaala soviyatt vyaakhyaathaaril palarum bolshevik viplavakaarikalaayirunnu. viplavathmaka vivaranangalude prarambha tharamgathinu sesham, soviyatt charitrakaaranmaar soviyatt gavanment nirvachicha "idungiya maargganirddeshangal" paalich pravarthichu. vyaakhyaana saadhyathakalude kaadinyam staalin keezhil athinte uyarathilethi.
maarksist prathyayashaasthrathinteyam bolshevik gavanmentinteyum niyamasadhutha sthaapikkunnathinekkuranu october viplavathe viplavathinte soviyatt charitrakaaranmaar vyaakhyaanichath. maarksist prathyayashaasthrathinte krithyatha sthaapikkunnathinaayi, soviyatt charitrakaaranmaar pothuve viplavathe varggasamarathinte uthppannamaayum charitraparamaaya niyamangalal niyanthrikkappedunna lokacharithrathile paramonnatha sambhavamaayum visheshippichu. mithavaadikalaaya thaalkkaalika gavanmentinteyum petrograd soviyattile vyaja "soshyalist" menshevikkukaludeyum thettukal thurannukattunnathinaal bolshevik partyanu viplavathinte kendrasthaanathullathu. leninte neethrthwavum shaasthreeya maarksist sidhaanthathekkurichulla addehathinte dridamaaya dharana nayikkunna party october viplavathinte "yukthiparamayi munkootty nischayicha" sambhavangalkk thudakkam muthal avasaanam vare neethrthwam nalki. kuthaka vyavasaya muthalaalitham janangale anyavalkkaricha russiayude saamoohika-saambathika vikasanam kaaranam eee sambhavangal yukthisahamaayi munkootty nischayichavayaanennu eee charitrakaaranmaar abhipraayappedunnu. eee kazhchappadil, anyavalkkarikkappetta eee vyaavasaayika thozhilaallikale samghadippikkunnathil bolshevik party pradhana punk vahikkukayum athuvazhi aadyathe soshyalist raashtrathinte nirmmaanam sthaapikkukayum cheythu.
1991 vare october viplavathinte soviyatt charithralekhanam thaarathamyena sthiramaayirunnuvenkilum athil chila mattangal sambhavichu. staalinte maranathethudarnnu iii. yeppolulla charitrakaaranmaar. enn. bardshalovum pii. vii. vollobuve prasidheekaricha charitraparamaaya gaveshanam bolshevik vijayam "russiayude saamoohika-saambathika vikasanathinte avastha munkootty nirnnayichathaanu" enna sidhaanthathe parishkarikkunnathil party lainil ninnu ganyamaayi vyathichalichu. puthiya dishakalude samgham" roopeekaricha eee charitrakaaranmaar, october viplavathinte sankeernamaaya swabhaavam "kuthaka muthalaalithatthinte eaka-kaaranatthe aashrayikkunnathiloodeyla, marichu oru multy-kosalal vishakalanathiloode maathrame vishadeekarikkaan kazhiyoo" ennu abhiprayappettu. avare sambandhichidatholam, kendra nadan ippozhum bolshevik partyanu, pakshe eee party vijayichu "kaaranam raajyam abhimukheekaricha 'pothu janaadhipathya' jolikalude praadhaanyam pariharikkan athinu maathrame kazhiyoo" (samaadhaanathinaayulla poraattavum bhoovudamakale chooshanam cheiyunnathum polullava).
soviyatt kaalaghattatthinte avasaanathil, glasnostil thiranjeduttha soviyatt aarkkaivukal thurannathu marxism-leninism ennivayude chila vashangalil ninnu verpeduthiya noothana gaveshanathinu kaaranamaayi, ennirunnaalum yaadhaasthithika soviyatt kaazhchappaadinte pradhana savisheshathakal kedukoodaathe thudarnnu.
21-aamm noottaandinte thudakkathetthudarnnu, chila soviyatt charitrakaaranmaar russian viplavathekurichulla charitraparamaaya vishakalanathil oru "naravamshashaasthraparamaaya vazhithirivu" nadappilakkaan thudangi. eee vishakalana reethi viplavasamayathe sharashari vyakthiyude dainamdina jeevithaanubhavathil shradha kendreekarikkukayum valia sambhavangal, sradheyamaaya viplavakaarikal, party kaazhchappaadukalekkurichu vyapakamaaya avakaashavaadangal ennivayil ninnu vishakalana shradha akattinirthukayum cheiyunnu. 2006ll ezz. vii. puthiya soviyatt samvidaanavumaayi pouranmaare krameekarikkunnathil shradha kendreekarikkumbol airov eee reethishaasthram upayogichu. 1917 muthal 1920 vareyulla puthiya soviyatt bharanathinte falamaayi kuranjuvarunna thozhil prathishedhangal, charchakalude roopangal, raashtreeyavalkkaranathinte vividha roopangal enniva airov paryavekshanam cheythu. ezz. varggam, rashtreeya kaazhchappaadukal, vamsham ennivayaal vibhajikkappettirunnidum vividha alavilulla svechaadhipathyam sahakarikkanum nadappilakkaanumulla russian sainikarudeyum udyogastharudeyum kazhivu parishodhichu jarmmani edutha russian yudhathadavukaarude vyakthiparamaaya anubavangalil nagornaya thaalparyam prakadippichu. eee "naravamshashaasthraparamaaya vazhithirivine" pinthudarunna mattu vishakalanangal sainikaril ninnulla grandhangalum avarude rashtreeya lakshyangal munnott kondupokaan avar vyakthiparamaaya yudhaanubhavangal engane upayogichuvennum athupole thanne viplavathe thudarnnulla aabhyantharayudhathile pradhana theerumaanangale vyakthigatha jeevita ghadanayum manashaasthravum engane roopappeduthiyittundum paryavekshanam cheythittundu.
paashchaathya charithralekhanam.
sheethayudhakaalathu, soviyatt kaazhchappaadinte avakaashavaadangalkku nerittulla prathikaranamaayi october viplavathinte paashchaathya charithralekhanam vikasichu. thalphalamaayi, paashchaathya charitrakaaranmaar soviyatt kaazhchappaadile poraaymakal thurannukaattukayum athuvazhi bolshevikkukalude yadhaartha niyamasaadhuthayeyum maarksisathinte thathwangaleyum durbalappeduthukayum cheythu.
aakasmikamaaya apakadangalude oru shringalayude falamaayaanu eee paashchaathya charitrakaaranmaar viplavathe visheshippichathu. onnaam lokamahaayudhathinte samayam, avasaram, saar nicolas randaamante mosham neethrthwam, udaaravaadikaludeyum mithavaadikaludeyum soshyalistukal enniva viplavathinu kaaranamaaya eee aakasmikavum aakasmikavumaya gadakangalude udaaharanangalil ulppedunnu. paashchaathya charithrakaaranmaarude abhipraayathil, athu janakeeya pinthunayalla, marichu janakkoottathinte krithrimathvam, krooratha, bolshevikkukalude party achadakkam ennivayaayirunnu avarude vijayathin kaaranamaayath. eee charitrakaaranmaare sambandhichidatholam, 1917 november-desember bharanaghadanaa assembly thiranjeduppile bolshevikkukal paraajayappettath aabhyantharayudhathinte vyapthiyum vyapthiyum pole bolshevikkukal viplavathodulla janakeeya ethirppu prakadamaakki.
paashchaathya charitrakaaranmaar bolshevik party samghadanaye eakaadhipathyamaayi kandu. october viplavathe janaadhipathyathil russiayude pareekshanam nirthalaakkiya oru eakaadhipathya party samghadippicha akramasakthamaaya attimariyayi avar vyaakhyaanichu. angane, leninisathil ninnum bolshevik party thanthrangalil ninnum samghadanayil ninnumulla swaabhaavika purogathiyaayi staalinist eakaadhipathyam vikasichu.
soviyatt union pirichuvidappettathinte falamaayi charitraparamaaya gaveshanangalkk aaghaatham undaayi.
soviyatt yooniyante pirichuvidal october viplavathinte charitraparamaaya vyaakhyaanangale baadhichu. 1991 muthal, valia alavil soviyatt archival metteeriyalukalilekkulla vardhichuvarunna praveshanam october viplavathe veendum parisodhikkaan saadhyamaakki. paashchaathya, russian charitrakaaranmaarkku ippol eee aarkkaivukalil palathilekkum praveshanamundengilum, yuu. ezz. ezz. aarr pirichuvidalinte phalam randaamathethinte srishtikalil ettavum vyakthamaayi kaanaan kazhiyum. vighadanam paashchaathya, punaravalokana kaazhchappaadukale urappikkaan sahaayichappol, yuu. essinu sheshamulla russian charitrakaaranmaar viplavathekurichulla muun soviyatt charitraparamaaya vyaakhyaanathe valia thothil nirasichu. steefan kotkin vaadikkunnathupole, 1991 "rashtreeya charithrathilekkulla thirichuvaravinum eakaadhipathyavaadathinte prathyakshamaaya punaruthaanatthinum, vyathyastha reethikalil, vyaakhyaanaparamaaya kazhchappadinum kaaranamaayi...punaravalokanavaadikal samskarikkaan shramichu ".
paarambaryamaayi.
october viplavam russiayile aadyathe communist gavanmentinte thudakkathe adayaalappeduthunnu, angane loka charithratthile aadyathe valia thothilullathum bharanaghadanaaparamaayi niyukthavumaaya soshyalist raashtram. ithinushesham russian republic russian ezz. eph. ezz. aarr aayi maari, athu pinneedu soviyatt yooniyante bhaagamaayi.
october viplavam irupathaam noottaandil kammyoonisathinte prathyayashaasthrathe aagolathalathil swaadheenikkukayum cheythu. 1917nuu sesham pala raajyangalilum communist partykal roopeekarikkaan thudangi.
"american pathrapravartthakanaaya joonn reed 1919ll aadyamaayi prasidheekaricha "lokathe pidichukulukkiya patthu divasangal" enna pusthakam sambhavangalekkurichu nerittu vishadeekarikkunnu. pusthakam poortthiyaayathinu thottupinnaale 1920-ll eecha marichu.
dimitri shostakovichu thante symphany nambar ezhuthi. bii mejaril 2 ", oopu. 14, october viplavathinte patthaam vaarshikathinaayi "october vare" ennu upasheershakam nalki. lenine viplavatheyum prashamsikkunna alexander besimensky oru vaachakathilekku "october vare" enna kruthiyude corell finale sajjeekarichirikkunnu. symphany nambar. 1927 november 5 nuu leningrad philharmonic oorkkastrayum akkadami capella gaayakasanghavum nikkolaay malcoyude nirddeshaprakaaram 2 "aadyamaayi avatharippichu.
1928 januvari 20nuu yuu. ezz. ezz. aarilum 1928 november 2nuu newyork nagaratthilum aadyamaayi purathirangiya serji aisanstain, grigori alexandrove ennivarude chithram, viplavathe vivarikkukayum mahathwappeduthukayum cheiyunnu, eee sambhavathinte smaranaykkaayi kammeeshan cheyyappettu.
redu october" (Красныы отяеbrh, "crassney octaber") enna padam october viplavathe soochippikkaan upayogichittundu. "stalingrad yudhavum russiayil ariyappedunna mosco madhurapalahaaranirmmaanashaalayum toom klaansiyude 1984 leeii noval 'dhaa hund phoor redu october', 1990 leeii athe perilulla chalachitraavishkaaram ennivayile oru saangalppika soviyatt antarvahiniyum sradheyamaakkiya oru urukk factoric 'redu october' nalki.
grigorian kalandar anusarichu october viplavathinte vaarshikamaya november 7,1918 muthal soviyatt yooniyante audyogika deseeya dinamaayirunnu, ippozhum belarasilum verpirinja transnistriyayilum oru pothu avadhiyaan. maarksist partykal adikaaram ettedukkaan thudangiya theeyathi november 7 nuu adhikaarathinakathum puratthum communist partykal aaghoshikkunnu.

