
phaa sheng

phaa sheng (176-220), sheoshi enna soujanyam, kizhakkan hahn raajavamshathinte avasaanathile yudhaprabhuvaaya liu beyude pradhana upadeshtaavaayirunnu. uyarnna saamoohika padaviyum kuleena vamshajayumaaya oru kudumbatthil janicha phaa sheng 190-kalude avasaanathil yii pravishyayilekku (innathe sichuwan, chonkving enniva ulkkollunnu) yaatra cheyyukayum pravishya gavarnaraaya liu shaanginte keezhilulla aalayi maarukayum cheythu. ennirunnaalum, liu shanginekkurichulla addehathinte anyavalkkaranavum kazhivillaatha govarnor enna nilayilulla dharana oduvil liu shaangine ottikkodukkaanum 211-ll liu bailake koorumattaanum addehathe prerippichu. 211-num 214-num idayil, liu shaangine marikadakkunnathinum yii pravishyayude niyanthranam pidichedukkunnathinum phaa sheng liu beye sahayikkukayum liu beyude ettavum vishwasaneeyamaaya upadeshtaakkalil oralaayi maarukayum cheythu. 217-ll, ethiraaliyaaya cavo kaavoyil ninnu thanthrapradhaanamaaya hanshong commandary pidichedukkunnathinaayi hanshong kaambayin aarambikkaan addeham liu beyiyodu abhyarthichu, ennaal liu prachaaranatthil vijayichu oru varshathinu sesham marichu.
thanthrangal roopappeduthunnathile phaa shenginte theekshnamaaya deerghaveekshanavum thilakkavum addehathinte samakalikaraaya suge liang, chenn shau ennivaril ninnu prashamsa nedi. liyuvinte keezhil sevanamanushticha oru pathittaandinullil, cavo kaavoyeppolulla sainika prathibhakalum addehathinte mikacha upadeshtaakkalum addehathinte padhathikalkku irayaayappol phaa samaanathakalillaatha oru samayabodham kaanichu. ennirunnaalum, prathikara swabhaavathinum addeham kuprasidhanaayirunnu. thaan adhikaarathilirunnappol, munbu thanne vranappeduthiyavarodu prathikaram cheythum avare kaaranamillathe konnukondum addeham thante adikaaram durupayogam cheythu. ennirunnaalum, addeham jeevichirippundaayirunne 221-leeii siavoting yudhathil liu beyude parajayam thadayaan kazhivulla eaka vyakthi phaa sheng maathramaayirunnirikkumnu suge liang orikkal paranja oru ghattathilekku addeham ippozhum liu beyiyude angeyattam bahumaanikkappedukayum vishwasikkappedukayum cheythu.
kudumba pashchaathalam.
phaa shenginte poorvvikarude veedu innathe shansiyile meyy kaundiyilulla yufufeng kamaandariyile meyy kaundiyilaayirunnu. yudhathil earppettirunna samsthaanangalude kaalaghattatthil charitraparamaayi kvi samsthaanathinte rajaavaaya siang ennariyappettirunna tian fashaangaayirunnu addehathinte poorvvikan. bisi 221-ll kii yude pathanathinushesham tian fashaanginte pingaamikal avarude kudumbanamam "tian" ennathil ninnu "phaa" ennu maatti.
phaa shenginte muthumuthachan phaa sheong, kizhakkan hahn raajavamshathile chakravarty aante bharanakaalathu naan kamaandariyude (innathe hubeyile jingshouvil) administrettaayi () sevanamanushtichu. phaa shenginte muthachan phaa seen, uyarnna swabhaavathinu peruketta oru eakaantha pandithanaayirunnu; oru pandithanaaya pandithanayirunnittum addeham thaazhmayulla jeevitam nayikkukayum sarkkaaril sevanamanushtikkaanulla vaagdaanangal aavarthichu nirasikkukayum cheythu. phaa shenginte pithaav phaa yaan (), addehathinte maryada peru jimou (), oru sarkkar udyogasthanaayum sevanamanushtikkukayum pothujanagalkk mukalilulla exalensic asisttant (), neethinyaaya mantri () ennee sthaanangal vahikkukayum cheythu.
liu shanginu keezhilulla sevanam.
sian chakravartthiyude bharanakaalathe aadyakaala jian kaalaghattatthil (196-220) shaamam pottippurappettappol, phaa sheng addehathinte suhruthaaya meng dyum yii pravishyayilekku (innathe sichuwan, chonkving enniva ulkkollunna) pravishya gavarnaraaya liu shangle cherunnathinayi pooyi. phaa sheng sindu kaundiyude prefect () aayum pinneedu liu shaanginte keezhil sainyathe upadeshikkunna kenal aayum sevanamanushtichuvenkilum, pradhanappetta niyamanangalonnum vahikkathathinaal liu shaanginte keezhil thante kariyaril kaaryamaaya nettangalonnum nedaan kazhiyaathathinal addehathinu anyavalkkaranam anubhavapettu. koodaathe, yii pravishyayilekku thamasam marria youfufengil ninnulla addehathinte chila sahapravarthakar liu shanginu munnil addehathekkurichu moshamaayi samsaarichu. liu shang kazhivillaathavanum kazhivillaathavanumaaya gavarnaraanenna athe kaazhchappaadukal pankuvacha sahapravarthakanaaya shang songumaayi addeham adutha sauhrudam nilanirtthi.
208-ll, hahn kendra sarkkarineyum pramukha chakravarthiyaaya sian chakravarty niyanthricha yudhaprabhuvaaya cavo cavo kaanaan shang soong jing pravishyayilekku (innathe hubey hunan ulkkollunnu) yaatra cheythu. yii pravishyayilekku madangiyethiya sesham, cavo kavoyumaayulla bandham avasaanippikkaanum mattoru yudhaprabhuvaaya liu beyiyumaayi sauhruda bandham sthaapikkaanum shang soong liu saangine upadeshichu. liu beyiye kaanaan phaa sengine liu saanginte prathinidhiyayi shang soong shupaarsha cheythappol, phaa thudakkathil chumatala sweekarikkaan visammathichenkilum oduvil pinmari. phaa sheng thante dauthyathil ninnu madangiyethiyappol, liu baike valia abhilaashangalundennum liu baike sevanam nalkaan thanne pinthudaraan shaangine prerippichuvennum addeham shang gaanathodu paranju.
211ll cavo cavo hanshong kamaandariyile yudhaprabhuvaaya saang luvine akramikkaan padhathiyidunnuvenna vaartha labhichappol liu saang bhayannappol avarkk avasaram labhichu. yii pravishyayilekkulla vadakkan pathayil hanshong commandary thanthraparamaayi sthithicheyyunnathinaal, hansong kaavoyude kaikalil poyaal liu shang valia apakadathilaakum. cavo cavo uyarthunna bhishaniye neridaan sahaayikkunnathin liu beye yii pravishyayilekku shanikkanamennu saang soong liu saanginodu nirddeshichu. liu shang sammathikkukayum liu beyiyumaayi bandhappedaan phaa shengine thante prathinidhiyayi ayaykkukayum cheythu. phaa sheng liu beyiye kandumuttiyappol, addeham rahasyamaayi addehathodu paranju, "general, ningalude midukkil, ningalkk njangalude kazhivillaathathum durbalavumaaya govarnor liyuvine marikadakkaan kazhiyum. (liu saanginte) vishwastha upadeshtaavenna nilayil saang gaanam ningalude chaaranayi pravartthikkum. yii pravishyayude sambathum vibhavangalum nedukayum samrakshanamaayi athinte swaabhaavika thadassangal undaakukayum cheythaal ningalude mahathaaya abhilaashangal eluppathil saakshaathkarikkaanaakum."phaa sheng liu beyude vaivaahika prashnangalum kaanukayum lady sann vuvilekku thirike ayaykkaan upadeshikkukayum cheythu. liu beyy phaa shenginte muun upadesham sweekarikkukayum thante sainyathe yii pravishyayilekku nayikkukayum avide addeham phu kaundiyil (innathe fuecheng jilla, mianyang, sichuwan) liu shaangine kandumuttukayum cheythu. pinneedu liu saangine akramikkaan thekkott thiriyunnathin munbu liu beyy thante sainyathe vadakku jiamengilekku (innathe jiang kaundiyil ninnu 20 kilometer vadakkukizhakkaayi sthithicheyyunnu) nayichu.
liu saangil ninnu yii pravishya pidichedukkaan liu beye sahayikkunnu.
liu beyude aakramanathekkurichulla vaartha labhichappol, liu saanginte keezhil sevanamanushtikkunna gwanghan commandary (innathe gwanghan, sichuwan) yile asisttant offeesaraaya sheng duu (shh), liu beyiyude sainyathin saadhanasaamagrikal illennum addehathodu vishwasthatha pularthaattha puthuthayi niyamikkapetta sainikar ulppettathaanennum thante yajamananodu choondikkaatti. baxi (), sittong () kamaandarimaarile thaamasakkaare mattevideyengilum maranum kamaandarikalile ellah dhaanyashaalakalum vitharana dippokalum nasippikkaanum nirbandhitharaakki liu beyikkethire oru kathikkarinja bhouma nayam sweekarikkanamennu addeham nirddeshichu, thudarnnu liu beyiyumaayi nerittulla samgharsham ozhivaakkikkond avarude prathirodham shakthippeduthuka. eee thanthram nadappaakkukayaanenkil, liu beyy 100 divasathinullil saadhanangal theernnu pinvaangumennum thudarnnu thaan pinvaangumbol liu shang thanne aakramichekkaamennum addeham avakashappettu. sheng duvinte padhathiyekkurichu kettappol liu baike nirasha thonnukayum athinekkurichu phaa shengumaayi koodiyaalochikkukayum cheythu. liu shang sheng duvinte nirddesham sradhikkillennu phaa sheng pravachichu, athu sariyaanennu theliyikkapettu sheng duvinte padhathikku marupadiyaayi, liu shang athu nirasikkuka mathramalla, athu janangalkk aswasthathayundaakkum enna adisthaanathil, mathramalla shengine offeesil ninnu pirichuvidukayum cheythu.
214-ll, liu saanginte shakthikendrangalilonaya leushengine (Îluocheng) liu beyiyude sainyam valanjappol, phaa seng thante muun yajamananu oru neenda kathu ezhuthi, liu shang ithinakam thanne valare prathikoolamaaya avasthayilaanennum prathirodham upekshichu liu baike keezhadanganamennum abhyarthichu.
phaa shenginte kathu ingane ezhuthiyirunnu 
aaa varsham avasaanam, liu beyude sainyam yii pravishyayude thalasthaanamaaya chengdu uparodhikkumbol, liu shaanginte keezhil sevanamanushtikkunna commandary administratoraaya suu jing, keezhadanganum liu beyiyodu koorumattaanum padhathiyittirunnuvenkum addehathinte padhathi chornnolikkukayum angane athu upekshikkukayum cheythu. thaan ithinakam thanne naashatthinte vakkilaanenn liu shanginu thonni, athinaal addeham suu jingine shikshichilla. oduvil addeham keezhadangukayum yii pravishyayude niyanthranam liu baike vittukodukkukayum cheythu. yii pravishya etteduthathinushesham, shuu oru avishwasthanaaya vyakthiyaanennu thonniyathinaal liu beyy shuu jinginode maduppode perumari. phaa sheng addehathe upadeshichu, "suu jing athishayokthiparamaaya prashasthiyulla oraalaan. ennirunnaalum, ente yajamanane, ningal aduthide ningalude adithara panithu, ningalkk ellaavarodum vasthuthakal vishadeekarikkaan kazhiyilla. suu jinginte peru ithinakam saamraajyathiludaneelam ariyappedunnu. ningal addehathodu maanyamaayi perumaarunnillenkil, mattullavar ningal kazhivullavarum sadgunamullavarumaaya aalukale avahelikkukayaanennu karuthiyekkaam. yaan rajaavu guwo veyiyodu perumaariyathupole ningal avane bahumanikkukayum bahumanikkukayum ellaavarodum ithu ariyikkukayum venam."liu beyy phaa shenginte upadesham pinthudarukayum shuu jinginode udaaramaayi perumaarukayum cheythu.
phaa shenginte upadeshathinum guwo veyiyum suu jing thammilulla thaarathamyathinum sann sheng vimarshikkunnu 
sann shenginte abhipraayathodu pee songsi poornnamaayum viyojikkunnu 
liu baike keezhilulla sevanam.
liu beyiyude mukhya upadeshtaavaayi.
shuu kamaandariyude administrettaayi () pha shengineyum aayodhanashakthi pracharippikkunna generalayum () liu beyy niyamichu. yii pravishyayude thalasthaanamaaya chengduvinu sameepamulla bharanaparamaya kaaryangalkk phaa sheng melnottam vahichu. aabhyanthara karyangal kaikaaryam cheiyunnathinaayi suge liangine sthaanakkayattam nalkiyappol phaa sheng liu beyude mukhya upadeshtaavaayi sevanamanushtichu.
liu saanginethiraaya liu beyiyude vijayathethudarnnu, addehathinte keezhudyogasthar bhaarya liu maavoyude vidhava sweekarikkaan addehathodu abhyarthichu. ennirunnaalum taanum liu mavoy ore kudumbatthil ninnullavaraanenna adisthaanakaaryangal liu beyy nirasichu. phaa sheng addehathe bodhyappeduthunnathinayi paranju "purathana kaalath, lady huvaay ying aadyam jiinn duke huwai vivaham kazhikkukayum pinneedu swantham sahodaranaaya jiinn duke vene vivaham kazhikkukayum cheythu. sahodaranmaar thammilulla oru vidhavayude vivaham munkaalangalil nadannittundengil enthukondu ningalkkum adutha bandhukkalallaatha liu mavoykkum anganeyalla?"liu beyy addehathodu yojikkukayum woo enna sthriye vivaham kazhikkukayum cheythu.
eee kaalayalavil, phaa sheng thante munkaala kadangalellaam, nallatho cheethayo aaya, thirichadachu. thanikk oru cheria daya polum kaanichavare addeham marakkilla, marichu munbu thanne vranappeduthiyavarodu prathikaram cheythum avare kaaranamillathe konnum thante adikaaram durupayogam cheythu. chila udyogasthar liu beyude pradhana upadeshtaakkalil oralaaya suge liangine sameepikkukayum phaa shenginte niyamavirudhamaaya perumaattam avarude yajamananodu report cheyyaanum addehathinethire nadapadiyedukkaanum abhyarthikkukayum cheythu. ennirunnaalum, suge liang marupadi nalki, "njangalude yajamanan gongaanilaayirunnappol, vadakku cavo kaavoyude swaadheenathekkurichu addeham jagrata pulartthukayum kizhakk sann kwante saannidhyathe bhayappedukayum cheythu. maathrraajyathu polum lady sann prasnangal srishtikkumennu addeham bhayapettu. aaa samayat addehathinu munneraano pinvangano kazhiyaathavidham budhimuttulla oru saahacharyathilaayirunnu addeham. phaa siyavoshi addehathe valareyadhikam pinthunaykkukayum sahayikkukayum cheythathinaal addeham swantham chirakukalayi maari, athinaal addehathinu ippol uyarathil parakkaan kazhiyum, mattullavarude swaadheenathil thudaraan kazhiyilla. phaa sheng ishtampole perumaarunnath namukk engane thadayaam?"liu beyy phaa shengine anukoolikkukayum vishwasikkukayum cheythuvennu suge lianginu ariyamaayirunnu, athinaalaan addeham eee vishayathil edapedaan visammathichath.
charitrakaaranaaya sann sheng phaa shenginte adhikara durviniyogathodulla suge liyaanginte manobhaavathe vimarsikkukayum athine "neethiyile veezhcha" ennu vilikkukayum cheythu. thante munkaala sambhavanakal ethra mahatharamaayirunnaalum oru vishayavum niyamathinu mukalilakaan paadillennu addeham karuthi.
three kingdoms missellaneous kesukal" (<unk>) ennu thante kruthiyil gaana raajavamshathile pandithanaaya tang geng (<unk>) phaa shengine phaan juu (<unk>), lii gwang, guwo jiinn (<unk>) ennivayumaayi thaarathamyam cheythu. avarude vyakthiparamaaya vidveshangal pariharikkan avare anuvadikkukayum avarude samsthaanangalkkaayi valia nettangal kaivarikkukayum cheythu. anganeyaan bhoothakaalathile bharanadhikaarikal avarude purathaakkappettavarum veeranmaaraaya vyakthikale upayogichathennu tang geng prasthaavichu. neethiyekkurichu avarkk avarudethaaya aashayangalundaayirunnu. ithu kaanaathathinu tang jeng sann sheng shortsaitt ennu vilichu.
hanshong prachaaranatthil punk.
217-ll phaa sheng, yadhaarthathil shang luvinte niyanthranathilaayirunna hanshong commandary akramikkaan liu beyiyodu abhyarthichu, ennaal 215-ll cavo cavo keezhadakki. haanshonginte thanthraparamaaya praadhaanyam addeham choondikkaanikkukayum cavo kaavoyude janaralmaraya siyaa yuwan, shang heey ennivaril ninnu hanshong pidichedukkunnathu liu baike oru uchithamaaya nimishamaanennu parayukayum cheythu. addeham liu beyiyodu paranju "oru strikkiloode cavo cavoic shang luvine keezhadakkaanum hanshong nedaanum kazhinju, ennirunnaalum baa, shuu enniva keezhadakkaan addeham thante nettatthe sammarddathilaakkiyilla. pakaram addeham vadakkott madangukayum siyaa yuwan, shang hii enniva upekshikkukayum cheythu. ithu addehathinte bhaagathuninnulla thetto shakthiyude abhaavamo aayirikkilla, marichu addeham chila aantharika prasnangal neridukayum avaa pariharikkukayum cheyyendathumaanu. ippol shiyavu yuwan, shang ennivare nammude sainyavumayi thaarathamyam cheyyaan kazhiyilla. naam munnerukayaanenkil theerchayaayum avare pidikoodum. appol namukk daanyangal shekharikkaanum eathu avasarathinum svayam thayyaaredukkukayum nammude sambharanasaala niraykkaanum kazhiyum. nammal vijayichaal namukk shathruvine paraajayappedutthaanum bharanasabhaye punasthaapikkaanum kazhiyum, allaathapaksham namukk nammude athirthikal liang pravishyayilekku vyaapippikkaan kazhiyum, eathu saahacharyathilum nammetthanne prathirodhikkanum thayyarakanum ettavum pradhanappetta sthaanam nedumaayirunnu. swarggam njangalude pakshathaanu, ningal eee avasaram nashtappeduttharuthu."liu beyy addehathinte padhathi amgeekarikkukayum phaa sheng addehathe pinthudarnnu hanshong pracharanam aarambikkukayum cheythu.
219-ll, moundu dingjun yudhathil, siyaa yuwan sainyathe dingjun, singhshi parvathanirakalile liu beyude kyaambukal akramikkaan nayichappol, shathruvine akramikkaan phaa sheng liu beyiyodu nirddeshichu. pashchaathalatthil yuddha drummukal adikkunna siahou yuvaante sainyathilekku parvathatthil ninnu oru aakramanathinu thante aalukale nayikkaan liu beyy thante general huwang songinode utharavittu. yudhathinidayil huwang soong shiyavu yuvaante sainyathe paraajayappedutthukayum kollukayum cheythu.
pinneedu, cavo cavo chaang 'aanil ninnu hanshongine shakthippeduthunnathinaayi thante sainyathe nayikkumbol, hanshongine akramikkaan phaa sheng tuu liu beyy nirddeshicha thanthrathekkurichu addehathinu vaarthakal labhichu. addeham abhiprayappettu, "shuwande (liu beyy) ithu cheyyaan kazhivullavanallennu enicariyaam. avan aarudeyengilum upadesham pinthudarukayaayirikkanam."koodaathe, cavo cavo ingane paranju" ente dheeraraaya veeranmaarude sainyathil, eee phaa shengine marikadakkaan kazhiyunna oru thanthram arcum kandethaan kazhiyaathepoyathu engane?"charitrakaaranaaya pee songshi abhipraayappettath cavo cavo aaa muun paramarsham nadathiyathaayi-ithu soochippikkunnathu liu beyy haanshonginte thanthraparamaaya praadhaanyam shradhikkaan paryaapthamallenn-liyuvinodulla vyakthiparamaaya avaganana kaaranam, athu gauravamaayi edukkendathillennum. thante upadeshakante nirddeshaprakaaram pravartthikkunna oru prabhuvine thante swantham vidhi nirnayikkaan karthaav paryaapthanalla ennathinte adayaalamaayi vyaakhyaanikkaruthenn addeham karuthi. cavo kavoy thante upadeshtaavu guwo jiyayude upadesham pinthudarnnathaayi addeham choondikkaatti.
maranavum postmortem sambhavangalum.
219-ll, hanshong prachaaranatthil liu beyy vijayichathinusesham, addeham svayam "hanshongile rajaavu" () aayi prakhyapikkukayum phaa shengine ezhuthu vidagtharudeyum sainyathe samrakshikkunna generalinteyum prefectaayi niyamikkukayum cheythu. adutha varsham 45-aamm vayassil (kizhakkan eshyan praayatthinte kanakk prakaram) phaa sheng marichu. phaa sheng marikkukayum phack maranananthara padavi nalkukayum cheytha divasangalil liu beyy karanju, aksharaarthatthil "vashathinte markvis" ennaanu ardham. yii (Â) enna vaakk/thalakkett maathram saadhaaranayaayi "wing" ennu vivarthanam cheyyappedunnu. athinaal, phaa yude maranananthara padavi "markvis oof dhii wing" ennum vivarthanam cheyyaam. liu beyiyude hraswakaala bharanakaalathu addehathinte deerghakaala koottaalikalum prashastha generalukalum marichu. avaril gwan yuu, shang phey, maa chaavo, paang tong, huwang soong ennivar ulppedunnundengilum maranananthara padavi labhicha eaka vyakthi phaa sheng maathramaan. athratholam liu beyy phaa shengine vilamathichirunnu. phaa shenginte makan phaa miavoic secondary markvis () enna padavi labikkukayum 221ll liu beyy sthaapicha shhoo hahn samsthaanathu upakaranangalude kamaandantaayum () hanyang kamaandariyude () administrettaraayum sevanamanushtikkukayum cheythu.
phaa sheng shuge liang ore dhaarmika vishwaasangal pankittillengilum liu beyiye nannayi sevikkuka enna avarude pothu lakshyam kaaranam avarkk nalla thozhil bandhamundaayirunnu. phaa shenginte thilakkathil suge liang valare mathippulavaakki. 221-ll, siyaatting yudhathinu munbu, liu beyiyude pala prajakalum 219-ll liyuvil ninnu jing pravishya pidichedukkukayum liu general gwan yuu-yeei vadikkukayum cheytha thante muun sakhyakakshiyaya sann kwaanumaayi yudhathinu pokaruthennu thangalude yajamanane upadeshichu. liu beyy avare avaganikkukayum sann kwaanethiraaya thante prachaaranavumayi munnott pookukayum cheythu. adutha varsham, siyaattinginte yudhathil addeham sann kwante sainyathodu paraajayappedukayum bidichengilekku pinvaangukayum cheythu, avide addeham 223-ll marichu. suge liang neduveerppidukayum cheythu, "phaa siyaoshi jeevichirunnenkil, eee kizhakkan prachaaranatthil ninnu nammude yajamanane thadayaan kazhiyumaayirunnu; nammude yajamanan eee prachaaranatthil pankedutthirunnenkil, addeham eee vinashakaramaaya saahacharyathil avasaanikkumaayirunnil (phaa siyaoli addehathodoppam undaayirunnengil)."
hanshong prachaaranatthinide nadanna oru sambhavathil ninnu anumaanikkappedunnathu, phaa shenginekurichu suge liang sariyaayirikkaam. oru yudhathil, liu beikkethire prathikoola saahacharyangal maariyappol, liyuyude prajakal pinmaran thangalude yajamananodu abhyarthichenkilum addeham dhaarshtyathode nirasichu. avante kopam undaakumenna bhayathaal avane veendum upadesikkaan avar dhairyapettilla. cavo kaavoyude sainyam avarude campil ambukal varshikkumbol phaa sheng oodiyethi liu baike munnil ninnu. ambukal ozhivakkaan maravil nilkkaan liu beyy phaa shenginode paranjuvenkilum phaa thante yajamaananodoppam ambukal takarkkaan nirbandhichu. thudarnnu phaa shenginoppam pinwangan liu beyy theerumaanichu.
vilayiruthal.
saamguzhi" yill phaa shenginte jeevacharitram ezhuthiya chenn shau, phaa yeei thaazhepparayunna reethiyil vilayiruthi "phaa sheng vijayavum parajayavum vyakthamaayi munkootty kandu. athinaal, ellaatharam asaadhaaranamaaya thanthrangalilum thanthrangalilum addehathinu kazhivundaayirunnu. ennirunnaalum, addeham nalla dhaarmika swabhaavamullayaalaanennu ariyapettirunnilla. (cavo) veyiyile udyogastharumaayi thaarathamyappeduthumbol, paang tong suun yuu, suun yuu ennivaykku samaanamaanengil phaa sheng cheng (yuu), guwo (jiya) ennivayumaayi thaarathamyappeduthanam."
jii hahn fuechen saan" (pub) ezhuthiya yang sii. 241), shuhan samsthaanathu sevanamanushticha shradheya vyakthikalude prashamsaasoochikal addehathe thaazhepparayunna reethiyil vilayiruthi "markvis yii (phaa sheng) thanthrangalil kazhivullavanaayirunnu, lokathinte uyarchayum thakarchayum munkootty kaanaan kazhiyumaayirunnu. thante yajamanan aditharaye ealppicha addeham sariyaaya nirddeshathodum upadeshathodum koodi marupadi nalki. oru pettennulla chinthayode addeham thante kanakkukoottal kaikaaryam cheyyukayum sahacharyam nireekshikkukayum avasaram manassilakkukayum cheyyum."
janakeeya samskaarathil.
koyiyude abhinayathil phaa sheng oru kalikkaan kazhiyunna kathaapaathramaayi maari.

