kaalaafat

thekkan romaniayile ooltteniya mekhalayile dolj kaundiyile oru nagaramaan kalafat (Калаfat). 2013ll thuranna kaalafaat-vidin paalam vazhi bandhippichirikkunna bulgarian nagaramaya vidin nadiyude ethirvashathu danube nadiyilaanu ithu sthithicheyyunnathu. puraathanakaalatthinte avasaanathe paalangal nashichathinu sesham noottaandukalaayi kaalafaat daanyoobinte thekkan theeravumaayi bottiloodeyum pinneedu ferry bottiloodeyum bandhippichirunnu.
bazarabi, golenti, seuperseni vechi ennee moonnu graamangalaan nagaram bharikkunath.
charithram.
pathinalam noottaandil janithaka kolanikkaraanu ithu sthaapichathu. eee kolanikkaar saadhaaranayaayi kappalukalude attakuttappanikalkkayi dhaaraalam thozhilaallikale ("kalaafaathikal") niyamichirunnu. eee vyavasaayam nagarathinu athinte peru nalki.
1854 januvariyil crimean yudhathil russian sainyam danubilekku neengumbol kalaafaathil turkish senaye nayikkunna ahamed paasha kenalinte neethrthwathil settettinaduthulla thaalkkaalika russian gaarisanin nere apratheekshitha akramanam nadatthi. ithu aadyakaala russian akramanam vazhithirichuvidukayum ahamed pashaye kalaafathil thante sainyathe ekeekarikkaan anuvadikkukayum cheythu. januvari januvari general joseph kaal voonn anreppinte neethrthwathil russiakkaar kalaafathil ethi meyy vare neenduninna uparodham aarambhichu. rogam moorchhichathum nagaram pidichedukkaan kazhiyaathe vanathum unrep pinwangi.
1997ll kalaafathine munisippaalittiyaayi prakhyaapichu.
gathagatham.
germmaniyil aarambhich istanbul, thessalonikiyil avasaanikkunna aaram-danube nadeethadatthilum naalaamathe paan-europian idanaazhiyilumaanu kalafat sthithi cheiyunnathu. deseeya rodukalaaya dii. enn. 56, dii. enn. 56eiii, dii. enn. 55eiii ennivayude koodicheralilaanu nagaram sthithicheyyunnathu. europian roottaaya iii79. kalaafatt nagravum athinte ayalrajyamaaya vidin (bulgaria) yum spanish kambaniyaaya eph. sii. sii nirmmicha baskov (danube bridge 2) enna pradeshathe danubinu mukalilulla paalatthiloode bandhippichirikkunnu. 1925 muthal kalaafatt-vidin pradeshathu oru danubian paalam nirmmikkanulla padhathi. vidinum kalaafattum thammilulla rooad gathagatham oro varshavum erattiyaayi varunnathinaal rooad gathaagathatthinte naalu pathakal, oru railway line, baikkukalkk rund meter veethiyum kaalnadayaathrakkaarkk oru nadappaathayum ulla oru paalam nirmmikkendathu aavashyamaayi vannu. paalatthinte motham neelam 1,971 meteraanu, athinte chelavu ekadesham 200 dasalaksham dollaranennu kanakkaakkappedunnu. 2013 juun juun ithu audyogikamaayi udghaadanam cheythath.
pathrangal.
kalafatinu niravadhi nagara pathrangalund. avayilonnine "siyarul dii kalaafatt" ennu vilikkunnu, athu oonlainilum paripaalikkappedunnu; mattonn "kalaafatt live" aanu.
anthaaraashtra bandhangal.
eratta pattanangal-sahodari nagarangal.
kaalafatt erattakalaana

