
kurt aland

kurt aland (28 march 1915-13 epril 1994) oru jarmman daivashaasthranjanum puthiya niyamathile vaachaka vimarshanathil vaidagdhyamulla baibil pandithanumaayirunnu. addeham mansttaril "instittyoott pharr nutestamentlish textforshing" (instittyoott phoor nyoo testament tekstval research) sthaapikkukayum 1959 muthal 1983 vare athinte aadya director sevanamanushtikkukayum cheythu. dushe biblegeselshaftinum "greak nyoo testament" ykkum vendiyulla "nessel-land-novam testamentam grays" enna kruthiyude pradhana edittarmaaril oraalaayirunnu addeham.
jeevitam.
berlin-steglitsilaanu aland janichathu. 1933ll berlinile friedrich-wilhems-yooniversittil addeham daivashaasthram padikkaan thudangi (bhaashaashaasthram, puraavasthushaasthram, charithram ennivayum addeham padichu). aaa varsham march 23nuu, "beckennende kircheyil" (sabhaye ettuparayal) "bruderet" (sahodaranmaarude kaunsil) munbaake addehathe chodyam cheythu. padanakaalatthu addeham "jung kirche" (yuvasabha) enna confessing charchinte jenalil jolie cheythu. oru prathyayashaasthra laghupathrikayil, "enthaa kuzhappam?"(aaraan kallam parayunnath?), mathilde ludendorfinethire ezhuthiya addeham, ettuparayunna sabhayude nilapad sthireekarikkukayum avarumaayi thirichariyukayum cheythu. 1939-ll hans liyettsmaante maarganirdeshaprakaaram addeham birudaananthara birudathinaayi padichu. 1940ll addeham sainikasevanathil ninnu mochithanaayi; 1941ll, liyettsmaante maranashesham, "daivashaasthra saahityam" (akkaalathe eaka jarmman daivashaasthra maasika) edittu cheiyunnathinulla utharavaaditham addeham etteduthu. athe varsham thanne addeham birudam nedukayum 1944ll berlin-steglits edavakayude manthriyaayi niyamithanaakukayum cheythu.
randaam lokamahaayudhathinushesham, berlinile humbolt sarvakalaashaalayile daivashaasthra faakkalttiyil aland oru prabhashakanaayi. 1947ll addeham haale (saale) yill professor oordinaariyas aayi niyamithanaayi.
kizhakkan germmaniyile maarksist sarkkaarine aland amgeekarichilla, athinte falamaayi peedippikkappettu. 1953ll vestt berlinilekk vaachukal kadathiyennaaropichu moonnu maasam arast cheyyappettu. pallikalodulla vividha tharatthilulla bharanakooda adichamarthalinethire aland pathivayi samsaarikkukayum kizhakkan germmaniyil abhipraaya swaathanthryam aavasyappedukayum cheythu. 1958 joolaiyil addehathinu sarvakalaashaalayile jolie nashtappettu. ennirunnaalum, aaa varsham septambaril addeham vestt berlinilekk vijayakaramaayi rakshapettu. addehathinte 8000 vaalyangalulla library yooniversitti libraryil ulppeduthi.
1958ll addeham germmaniyile mansttar sarvakalashaalayil professoraayi. 1960ll chikkago sarvakalashaalayil professor sthaanathekkulla vaagdaanam aland nirasichu. 1959ll addeham instittyoott phoor nyoo testament tekstval research ("instittyoott phur nutestamentaliche textforshing") sthaapichu, athu 1983 vare addeham samvidaanam cheythu. koodaathe, 1979ll addeham lokathile aadyathe "baibil museum" sthaapichu, athu niravadhi varshangalayi lokath savisheshamaayirunnu. aikya baibil samoohangalkkaayi "nessel-land-novam testamentam grays", "greak nyoo testament" enniva prasidheekarichukondu addehathinte instittyoott lokamembaadumulla amgeekaaram nedi.
aland rund thavana vivaahithanaayirunnu. addehathinte aadya vivaham ingeborg alandumaayi aayirunnu (avarkk orumichu moonnu kuttikalundaayirunnu). 1972ll addeham barbara alandine vivaham kazhichu. 1994ll germmaniyile mansttaril vachu addeham antharichu.
prasakthi.
daivashaasthra-charitra padanangalil vardhichuvarunna specialisathe prathinidheekarikkunnayaalu kurt aland. puthiya niyamapatana mekhalayil, addehathinte pravartthanavum (mansttarile puthiya niyamapatanapadanathinaayi instittyoottil bhaarya barbara alandinoppam addeham cheytha pravartthanavum) anthaaraashtra thalatthil prashamsikkappedunnu.
russiayileyum greasileyum (mattullavaykkoppam) madangalilekkulla niravadhi paryaveshanangalil pazhaya kayyezhuthuprathikalkkayula theevravum saahasikavumaya thirachilaayaanu addehathinte kruthiyude shradha aarambhichath. puthiya niyamatthinte niravadhi kayyezhuthuprathikal addeham kandethi, avayude vilayiruthal ippozhum purogamikkukayaanu. addehathinte kruthikalil ettavum sradheyamaayathu 1979-ll (nessel-land ennum ariyappedunnu) puthuthayi krameekaricha "novam testamentam grays" (greak puthiya testament) aayirunnu. puthiya niyamathinulla eee paataparamaaya adithara "yadhaartha paatavumaayi saadhyamaaya ettavum uyarnna samyojanam kaivarikukayenna lakshyathodeyulla oru pandithochithamaaya maanasikaavasthayude udaaharanamaanu."
koodaathe, 1964ll alandinte nalla suhruthaaya herman kanstt sthaapicha herman-kanstt-stifttamgil addeham abhinayichu. raashtreeyathileyum saambathikashaasthrathile niravadhi pradhana vyakthikal puthiya niyamaparamaaya paata gaveshanathinaayi instittyoottinte sponsarshippil pankedutthu.
aadyakaala sabha, parishkaranangal, petism, punarujjeevanavaadam thudangiya prasthaanangalumaayi bandhappettirunna sabhayude charithramaayirunnu addehathinte jeevithathile mattoru munganana.
puthiya niyamathile vaachaka srothassukalekkurichulla samagramaya arivinum aazhathilulla arivinum alandinu niroopaka prashamsa labhichu. aadhunika shaasthreeya reethishaasthrathin sambhavana nalkia addehathinte samakaalika saannidhyam prasakthamaanu. charitra gaveshanathinullile oro kruthiyum vishwaasyathayum labhyathayum paalikkunnathil urachunilkkunnuvennu aland abhiprayappettu.
kurt alandinte aarkkaivukal ("naklas") germmaniyile mansttar sarvakalaashaalayile yooniversitti aarkkaivukalil nalkiyittundu.
bahumathikal.
kurt aland thaazhepparayunna oonarari doktarettu nedi
addehathinu thaazhepparayunna puraskaarangal labhichu
kurt aland thaazhepparayunna akkaadamikalil amgamaayirunnu
aakhoshangal
american sosaitti oof baibil littarechar addehathe oonarari amgamaayi thiranjedutthu. koodaathe, 1966-ll american baibil sosaitti alandine oonarari aajeevanantha amgamaayi thiranjedutthu.
jolie cheiyunnu.
kurt aland niravadhi pusthakangalum lekhanangalum maasikakalil ezhuthukayum prasidheekarikkukayum cheythu; addehathinte grandhasoochika 477 prasidheekaranangale pattikappedutthunnu. athinaal, inipparayunna pattika addehathinte kruthiyude oru bhagam maathrame nalkunnulloo.