molybdinum disulfide

molybdinum disulfide (allengil mollie) molybdinum, sulfur enniva chernna oru ajaiva samyukthamaanu. athinte raasa soothravaakyam.
eee samyukthathe oru parivartthana loha dicalcogenide ennu tharamthirickunnu. molybdinathinte pradhana ayiru aaya molybdenite enna dhaatu aayi kaanapedunna vellimannulla karutha kharapadaarthamaanithu. thaarathamyena prathikarikkaathathaanu. nerppicha aasidukalum ooksijanum ithine baadikkunnilla. roopathilum bhaavathilum molybdinum disulfide graafaittinu samaanamaan. kuranja gharshanavum karuthum kaaranam ithu oru varanda lubricantaayi vyaapakamaayi upayogikkunnu. silicaninu samanamaaya 1.23 iii. vii. bandgap ulla oru diamagnetic, paroksha bandgap ardhachaalakamaanu bulk. 
uthppaadanam.
molybdenitinte apoorvamaaya kuranja thaapanila roopamaaya molybdenite, oru kristalin dhaatu allengil jordisaitt aayi moss 2 swaabhaavikamaayi kaanapedunnu. thaarathamyena shudhamaaya alavil nalkunnathinu molybdenite ayiru floatation vazhi samskarikkunnu. pradhana malineekaranam kaarban aanu. hydrajan sulfide allengil moolaka sulfur upayogichu phalatthil ellah molybdinum samyukthangaludeyum taapa samskaranathiloodeyum ithu undaakunnu, molybdinum pentechloridil ninnulla metathasis prathikaranangaliloode ithu ulppaadippikkaan kazhiyum.
ghadanayum bhauthika gunangalum.
kristalin gattangal.
ellah roopangalkkum oru paalikalulla gadanayundu, athil molybdinum aattangalude oru thalam sulfide ayonukalude thalangalaal sandwich cheyyappedunnu. eee moonnu stharangalum moss 2-nte oru monolaire roopappeduthunnu. bulk moss 2-ll staakk cheytha monoleyarukal adangiyirikkunnu, avaa durbalamaaya vaan derr walls edapedalukalaal orumichu pidikkappedunnu.
kristalin moss 2 rund ghattangalil onnil nilavilundu, 2h-moss 2,3r-moss 2, ivide "h", "r" enniva yathaakramam shadbhujaakrithiyilullathum rombohedral samamitiyum soochippikkunnu. eee rund gadanakalilum, oro molybdinum aattavum oru trikona presmetic coordination golatthinte madhyathil nilanilkkunnu, koodaathe aarr sulfide ayonukalumaayi sahavarthithvathode bandhikkappettirikkunnu. oro sulfur aattathinum pyramid ekopanamundu, ithu moonnu molybdinum aattangalumaayi bandhippichirikkunnu. 2h-umm 3r-umm gattangal ardhachaalakamaanu.
2h-mos2-neey kshara lohangalumaayi samyojippichaan 1t-mos2 ennariyappedunna mettaastabil kristalin ghattam kandethiyathu. eee ghattathinu tetragonal samamitiyum lohavumaanu. renium polulla electron daathaakkalumaayi doppingiloode 1 tii-ghattam sthirappeduthaam, allengil microwave radiation vazhi 2 echu-ghattathilekku parivartthanam cheyyaam. 2h/1t-ghatta parivartthanam ezz ozhivukal samyojippikkunnathiloode niyantrikkaan kazhiyum.
allotropukal.
nanotube polullathum buckyball polullathumaaya thanmathrakal ariyappedunnu.
exfoliated moss 2 flakeukal.
2h-ghattatthile bulk moss 2 oru paroksha-baand gapp ardhachaalakamaayi ariyappedunnu, monolayer moss 2 nuu nerittulla baand vidavundu. moss 2-nte lair-dependent opttoo electronic propertykal dvimaana moss 2 adisthaanamaakkiyulla upakaranagalil valareyadhikam gaveshanangal prothsaahippichu. bulk christalukal exfoliate cheythukondu 2 dii moss 2 nirmmikkam, ithu varanda, micro mechanical prakriyayiloodeyo layani prosessingiloodeyo otta-paali muthal kurachu-paali vare ulppaadippikkaam.
praayogikamaayi "scoach-tape exfoliation" ennum vilikkappedunna micromechanical exfoliationil, vaan derr walls shakthikale marikadannu oru layerd christaline aavarthichu tholiyakkaan oru pasha metteeriyal upayogikkunnathu ulppedunnu. kristtal flakeukal pinneedu pasha padatthil ninnu oru substratilekku mattaam. graafait paralukalil ninnu graphene labhikkunnathin konstaantin novoselov andrey gaim aanu eee eluppamaarggam aadyamaayi upayogichathu. ennirunnaalum, substrateumaayi (sii, glass allengil quarts) moss 2 durbalamaaya reethiyil chernnathinaal ithu oru ekeekritha 1-dii paalikalkku upayogikkaan kazhiyilla. melpparanja padhathi graphene maathrame nalloo. scoach tape saadhaaranayaayi pasha teppayi upayogikkumbol, avasheshikkunna pasha upayogichu adayaalangal malinamaakkunnath ozhivaakkendathu pradhaanamaanengil pii. dii. emm. ezz staambukalkku moss 2 thripthikaramaayi pilartthaanum kazhiyum.
draavaka-ghatta exfoliation upayogichu monolayer muthal multy-lair moss 2 vare laayaniyil nirmmikkam. chila reethikalil paalikale deliminate cheiyunnathinulla lythium intercalationum uyarnna uparithala pirimurukkamulla laayakathil sonication ulppedunnu.
mechanical gunangal.
moss 2 athinte layerd ghadanayum gharshanathinte kuranja gunakam kaaranam oru lubricuting metteeriyalaayi mikavu pulartthunnu (chuvade kaanuka). meteeriyalil oru shear stress prayogikkumbol interlayer sliding oorjjam illaathaakkunnu. vividha anthareekshangalil moss 2-nte gharshanathinteyum shear shakthiyudeyum gunakam savisheshamaakkunnathin vipulamaaya pravartthanangal nadathiyittundu. gharshanathinte gunakam vardhikkumbol moss 2-nte shear shakti vardhikkunnu. eee savisheshathaye superlubricity ennu vilikkunnu. anthareeksha saahacharyangalil, moss 2-nte gharshanathinte gunakam <aii. dii. 1> aanennu nirnnayichu, anubandhamaayi kanakkakkiya shear shakti 56 mpa (megapascalukal) aanu. shear shakti alakkunnathinulla nerittulla reethikal soochippikkunnathu moolyam 25.3 mpayode aduthaanennaanu.
lubricuting aaplikkeshanukalil moss 2-nte verre resistans crore upayogichu moss 2 dopping cheiyunnathiloode vardhippikkaan kazhiyum. sii. aarr-dopped moss 2-nte naanopillarukalil nadatthiya microindentation pareekshanangalil, shudhamaaya moss 2-nte sharashari 821 emm. pii. eiii. yill ninnu (0 sathamaanam kodi) 50 sathamaanam kodiyaayi 1017 emm. pii. eiii. aayi vilavu vardhichathaayi kandethi. vilavu shakthiyile vardhanavinoppam vasthuvinte parajaya reethiyilulla maattavum undaakunnu. shudhamaaya moss 2 nanopillar oru plaastik bending mekkaanisathiloode paraajayappedumbol, meteeriyalil vardhichuvarunna alavil dopant nirayunnathukondu pottuna pottal reethikal prakadamaakunnu.
micromechanical exfoliationte vyaapakamaayi upayogikkunna reethi moss 2 ll shradhaapoorvvam padichu, kurachu-paalikalile multy-lair flakeukalile delamination samvidaanam manasilakkaan. pilarppinte krithyamaaya samvidaanam paaliye aashrayichirikkunnathaane kandethi. 5 paalikalil kooduthal kanamkuranja flakeukal ekathaanamaaya valayathinum tharamgathinum vidheyamaakumbol 10 paalikalulla flakeukal interlayer slidingiloode delaminet cheiyunnu. 20 ladhikam paalikalulla flakeukal micromechanical villal samayat oru kinking samvidaanam pradharshippichu. vaan derr walls bandhatthinte swabhaavam kaaranam eee adarukalude pilarpp thirichedukkaavunnathaanne nirnnayikkappettu.
sameepa varshangalil, eee vasthuvinte ilaastik gunangalekkurichu kooduthal anweshanam prothsaahippikkunna moss 2 vazhakkamulla electronic aaplikkeshanukalil upayogichu. oru hollie substratil nikshepikkappetta micromechanical exfoliated moss 2 flakeukalil afm cantilever tippukal upayogichu nanoscopic bending testtukal nadatthi. monolayer flakeukalude vilavu shakti 270 gpa aayirunnu, athesamayam kattiyulla flakeukalum 330 gpa vilavu shakthiyode kaduppameriyathaayirunnu. molecular dynamic simulationukal moss 2-nte inn-playin vilavu shakti 229 gpa aanennu kandethi, ithu pareekshanathmaka falangalumaayi poruthappedunnu.
bertolassy sahapravarthakarum suspended monolayer flakeukalude parajaya reethikalum avatharippichu. paraajayappedumbol 6 muthal 11 sathamaanam vareyaanu strain. monolayer moss 2-nte sharashari vilavu shakti 23 gpa aanu, ithu vaikalyamillaatha moss 2-nte saidhaanthika odivukalude shakthiyodu aduthaanu.
moss 2-nte baand ghadana straininode sensitiivu aanu.
raasapravarthanangal.
molybdinum disulfide vaayuvil sthirathayullathum aakramanathmaka reyejantukalaal maathram aakramikkappedunnathumaanu. molybdinum trioxide roopappedumbol ithu ooksijanumaayi prathipravartthikkunnu
uyarnna thapanilayil chlorin molybdinum disulfide akramikkukayum molybdinum pentachloride roopappedukayum cheiyunnu.
intercalation prathikaranangal.
intercalation samyukthangalude roopeekaranathinulla oru aathidheyanaanu molybdinum disulfide. baattarikalile cathode metteeriyal enna nilayil ithu upayogikkunnathinu eee swabhaavam prasakthamaanu. oru udaaharanam oru lithiated meteeriyalaanu. beautile lythium upayogichu, uthppannam.
aaplikkeshanukal.
lubricant.
durbalamaaya vaan derr walls sulfide aattangalude sheettukal thammilulla prathipravartthanangal kaaranam gharshanathinte gunakam kuravaanu. kanangalude valippathil 1-100 micrometer oru saadhaarana varanda lubricant aanu. ooksidaising parithasthithikalil 350 digri selshyas vare uyarnna lubricityum sthirathayum nalkunna chila badalukal nilavilundu. kuranja loadle (0.1-2 n) disk testtaril oru pinn upayogikkunna sliding friction testtukal <0.1 enna friction coffificient moolyangal nalkunnu.
 palappozhum kuranja gharshanam aavasyamulla mishrithangaludeyum komposittukaludeyum oru gadakamaanithu. udaaharanathinu, sticking mechappeduthunnathinaayi ithu graphitilekku cherkkunnu. eathaandu poornnamaaya enna nashtam sambhavikkumbozhum avayude lubricity nilanirthunnathukondu vimana enchinukal polulla nirnaayaka prayogangalil avayude upayogam kandethunnathukondu vividatharam ennakalum greasukalum upayogikkunnu. plaastikkukalil cherkkumbol, mechappetta shakthiyum kuranja gharshanavumulla oru samyuktham roopappedunnu. nailon (vyaapaaranaamam nailaatron), tephlon, wespel enniva niraykkaavunna polymerukalil ulppedunnu. uyarnna thaapanila prayogangalkkaayi svayam lubricuting composit coatingukalil raasa neeravi nikshepam upayogichu molybdinum disulfide titanium nitride adangiyirikkunnu.
rund strock enchinukal (motorcycle enchinukal polullava), saikkil koosttar breakkukal, automotive sivi, yoonivezhsal joyintukal, skee waxukal, bullattukal enniva adisthaanamaakkiyulla lubricantukalude prayogangalude udaaharanangalil ulppedunnu.
lubricuting gunangal prakadippikkunna mattu layerd ajaiva vasthukkalil (mothatthil soolid lubricantukal (allengil dry lubricantukal) ennariyappedunnu) graafait ulppedunnu, ithinu asthira aditteevukalum shadbhujaakrithiyilulla boron nitride aavasyamaanu.
catalis.
 petrochemistry desulferisationaayi oru kokkattalistaayi ithu upayogikkunnu, udaaharanathinu, hydrodysulferisation. cheria alavil cobalt allengil nikkal upayogichu uttejaka marunnu upayogikkunnathiloode kaattalistukalude falaprapti vardhippikkunnu. eee sulfideukalude aduppamulla misritham aluminayil pinthunaykkunnu. mollibdate/cobalt allengil nikkal-impregnated alumina allengil thathulyamaaya oru reactor upayogichu chikilsikkunnathiloodeya atharam kaattalistukal srishtikkappedunnathu. catalis christalaittukalude saadhaarana sheett polulla pradeshangalil sambhavikkunnilla, pakaram eee thalangalude attathaanu sambhavikkunnath.
jaivasamshleshanathinulla hydrajaneshan kaattalistaayi moss 2 upayogikkunnu. pala badalukalaayi, group 10 lohathekkaal oru saadhaarana parivartthana lohathil ninnaan ithu uruthirinjathu, kaattalist vilayo sulfur vishabaadhayodulla prathirodhamo praadhamika aashankayaakumbozhaanu moss 2 thiranjedukkunnathu. naitro samyukthangal aminukalaayi hydrajaneshan cheiyunnathinu moss 2 falapradamaanu, koodaathe reductive amination vazhi dvitheeya aminukal utppaadippikkaan ithu upayogikkaam. oorgaanoosalfar samyukthangal, aldehydeukal, keetonukal, phenolukal, carboxylic aasidukal ennivayude hydragenolysis athath aalkkenukalilekku nadatthaan kaattalistin kazhiyum. ennaal kaattalist kuranja pravarthanatthaal budhimuttunnu, palappozhum 95 atminu mukalilulla hydrajan mardhavum 185 digri selshyasinu mukalilulla thapanilayum aavasyamaanu.
gaveshanam.
 ghaneebhavicha dravya bhauthikashaasthra gaveshanathil ithu oru pradhana punk vahikkunnu.
hydrajan parinamam.
 jalathinte vaidyuthavishleshanam ulppede hydrajan parinaamathinu kaaryakshamamaya uthejakangalaanu anubandha molybdinum sulfideukalum; athinaal, indhanakoshangalil upayogikkunnathinaayi hydrajan ulppaadippikkaan upayogapradamaanu.
ooksijan kuraykkunnathum parinaamavum.
mos2@fe-"n"-c coor/shell nanosphere aattomik phee-dopped uparithalavum interface (moss 2/phee-"enn"-sii) ullathum, phee-enn 4 dopantukal moolamulla oorjja thadassam kurayukayum moss 2/phee-enn-sii interfasinte savishesha swabhaavam kurayukayum cheiyunnathinaal, ooksijan kuraykkunnathinum parinaama prathikaranangalkkum (oor, oeaar) oru electrocatalistaayi upayogikkaam. 
micro electronics.
graphenil ullathupole, mattu transition mettal dicalcogenideukalude layerd gadanakalum bulkil ninnu vyathyasthamaaya electronic, opttikkal gunangalum pradarshippikkunnu. balkkinu 1.2 iii. vii. enna paroksha baand gapp undu, athesamayam monolayerukalkku nerittu 1.8 iii. vii electronic bandgap undu, ithu switch cheyyaavunna traansistarukaleyum foto dittaktarukaleyum pinthunaykkunnu.
 silver electrodukalkkidayil sandwich cheytha eiii/hetterostructure enchineeyaringiloode layerd memristeevu, memcapassitive upakaranangalude layanam-prosess cheytha fabricationaayi naanoflekkukal upayogikkaam. -adisthaanamaakkiyulla memmristtarukal yaanthrikamaayi vazhakkamullathum optikkalaayi suthaaryavum kuranja chelavil nirmmikkaan kazhiyunnathumaanu.
oru graphene feeld-ephakt traansisttarinte (phettu) biosensorinte samvedanakshamatha adisthaanaparamaayi graafeeninte seero baand gapp vazhi niyanthrikkappedunnu, ithu chorcha vardhippikkunnathinum samvedanakshamatha kuraykkunnathinum kaaranamaakunnu. digital electronicsil, traansistarukal oru integrated sarkyoottiludaneelam vaidyuthadhaarayude ozhukk niyanthrikkukayum amplification switching anuvadikkukayum cheiyunnu. biosensingil, physical gettu neekkam cheyyukayum ulchertha risapttar thanmaathrakalum avaa thurannukaattappedunna charjju cheytha taargett biomoleculeukalum thammilulla binding vaidyuthadhaaraye modulate cheyyukayum cheiyunnu.
flexible sarkyoottukalude oru gadakamaayi moss 2 anweshikkappettittund.
2017ll 115-traansisttar, 1-bitt microprosessor nadappaakkal dvimaana upayogichu.
upayogichu 2-terminal memmristtarukalum 3-terminal memtraansistarukalum srishtikkaan moss 2 upayogichittundu.
valitronics.
speshyal inversion simetriyude abhavam kaaranam, cbm, vbm ennivaykku aadyathe brilloin soninte konukalil rund oorjja-degenerate thaazhvarakal ullathinaal, 0s, 1s ennivayude vivarangal kristtal momentatthinte vyathyastha vyathiriktha moolyangalil sambharikkanulla aaveshakaramaaya avasaram nalkunnathinaal, besi-lair moss 2 valitronicsinu oru mikacha meteeriyalaanu. berry vakrata speshyal inversion (pii) nuu keezhilum time reversal (tii) nuu keezhilum erattayum aanu, pii, tii samamithikal undaakumbol vaali haal ephakt nilanilkkilla. nirddishta thaazhvarakalil vaali haal ephakt uthejippikkunnathinu, aattomik aayi nerttha transition-mettal dicalcogenideukalile tii samamiti takarkkaan vrithaakrithiyilulla dhruveekritha laittukal upayogichu. monolayer moss 2 ll, tii, mirror simetri enniva spin-oorbitt couplingukalaal vibhajikkapetta sub-baandukalude spin, vaali soochikakal loock cheiyunnu, iva randum tick keezhil flip cheiyunnu; spin samrakshanam inter-vaali chitharaline adichamarthunnu. athinaal, monolayer moss 2 ennathu baahya samamiti thakarkkathe aantharika thaazhvara haal prabhavam saakshaathkarikkunnathinu anuyojyamaaya vediyaayi kanakkaakkappedunnu.
photonics photovoltax.
 mechanical shakthiyum vaidyutha chaalakathayum ullathinaal foto dittaktarukal polulla saadhyamaaya prayogangal thurakkunna prakasham purappeduvikkaan kazhiyum. foto electrochemicalinte oru gadakamaayi (udha.jii. photocatalitic hydrajan ulppaadanathinum) micro electronics prayogangalkkum.
monolayerukalude soopparkandaktivitti.
oru vaidyutha mandalathinu keezhil monoleyarukal 9.4 kiloo meettaril thaazheyulla thapanilayil soopparkandakt cheiyunnathaayi kandethiyittundu.

