echu. emm. ezz. sthirothsaaham (1781)

britiish royal neviyude 36 thokkukalulla "sthirothsaaham" klaas frigettaayirunnu echms "perseverance". 1787 vare avar vadakke american steshanil sevanamanushtichu, athinusesham avar englandilekku madangi, avide avar porttsmoutthil punarnirmikkappettu. 1789-ll eest indeesilekku "sthirothsaaham" ayachu; 1793-ll porttsmouthilekku madangiyethiya avar avide oru sweekarikkunna kappal enna nilayil thante currier poortthiyaakkunnathinu munbu avide joliyil praveshichu. 1823 meyy maasathil avar vilkkappedukayum verpeduthappedukayum cheythu.
pashchaathalam.
cheria yudhakkappalukalkulla brittante aadyakaala munganana nyayamaaya chelavil oru valia naavikasena nilanirthendathinte aavasyakathayaanu. ennirunnaalum, 1770-kalude avasana pakuthiyode, brittan france, spain, american aikyanaadukal ennivayumaayi oru yuddham neridukayum kooduthal sakthamaaya oru tharam frigate aavashyamaayi varikayum cheythu.
1778-ll, naavikasena board rund puthiya tharam frigettukalil aadyathethu, edward hund roopakalppana cheytha 38-gann "minerva"-klaas, joonn vilyams roopakalppana cheytha 36-gann "flora"-klaas ennivaykku utharavittu. iruvarkkum 18 poundar thokkukalude pradhana baattari undaayirunnu. taamasiyaathe, 1779-ll, vilyaminte "flora"-klaasumaayi thaarathamyappeduthumbol 36 thokku frigate roopakalppana cheyyaan vettayodu aavasyappettu. 1779 desember 3 nuu royal neviyil oordar cheytha eee anchaamathe nirakkukalil aadyathethaanu "sthirothsaaham" klaas, echms "sthirothsaaham". 1781 juunil "phoenix", desemberil "inconstant", 1782 maarchil "leda" enniva thudarnnu.
nirmmaanam.
"joonn randall aandu kambani rotherhittil nirmmicha "perseverance" thokku dekkinadutthum keelil aayirunnu, koodaathe oru beam undaayirunnu. avalkk 871 (bii. emm) aayirunnu. 1780 augustil keel sthaapikkukayum adutha varsham eprilil avale deptfordilekku kondupoyi chembil pothinjukondu vikshepikkukayum cheythu. avalude prarambha nirmmaanathinu akkaalat 11 poundu, <aii. dii. 2>, koodaathe fittinginaayi 9 poundu, <aii. dii. 1> koodi chelavayi.
260 purushanmaare ulkkollaan roopakalppana cheytha avarude aayudangalil 18 poundar sheshiyulla 26 thokkukalude pradhana baattariyum ettu 9 poundu thokkukalum quarter deckil naalu 18 poundu caronadukalum ulppedunnu. rund 9 poundar, naalu 18 poundu kaaranedukal, pathinaalu poundu swivel thokkukal enniva foxley vahichirunnu. thirayalukalum kaaranedukalum vettayude roopakalppanayude bhaagamallaathathinaal kappal oordar cheiyunnathinu eathaanum maasangalkk munbu athilekku chertthu. quarter deckin foxleykkumaayi 6 poundu thokkukalum hund uddeshichirunnuvenkilum 1780 eprilil iva 9 poundarukalaayi uyarthi.
currier.
"1781 maarchil american yudhathadavukaarodoppam aduthide brittanilethiya skeffington lutwidginte keezhilaanu "sthirothsaaham" aadyamaayi kammeeshan cheythath. juulai 29 nuu atlaantikkinu kurukeyulla yaathrayil 20 thokkukal veendum pidichedukkunna lutwidge "sthirothsaahathode" vadakke american steshanilekku madangi. thudarnnulla rund varshathinide 1781 august august "general green", 1782 epril epril "raavan", 1782 august august "diana" ennivayulppede niravadhi american svakaaryakkaare "sthirothsaaham" pidikoodi. 1781 november november gallion dii chaabansinte keezhil franch neval cutter "alerte" yum avar pidichedutthu. 1783 septambaril "sthirothsaaham" thirichukitti. 1787 novemberil vilyam yamginte keezhil rund maasathil thaazhe sevanamanushtichukondu avar hrasvamaayi kammeeshan cheyyappettu. desemberil avale porttsmouthilekku kondupoyi, avide adutha 12 maasangal 2,096 poundu chelavil oru refitinu vidheyayayi. isak smith octoberil chumathalayettu, 1787 februvariyil avale eest indeesilekku kondupoyi, avide aval pinneedu tellicherry yudhathil pankedutthu. pankedutthu 1787num idayil jaininte sahodaranaaya francis oosttan oru midshipmaanaayi "sthirothsaaham" paalichu.
1791 novemberil, eest india kambani tippoo saahibinethire pravartthanangal nadathumbol 38 thokku "minerva", 36 thokku "phoenix" enniva upayogichu thellicherry kottayude thokkukalkku keezhil "sthirothsaaham" nankooramittu. franchukaar sultane sahaayikkukayaanennu britishukaar samshayichu, kappal gathagatham thadayunnathinum yuddha nirodhanathinaayi thirayunnathinum mangalaapurathinum maaheykkum idayil oru schwadron vinyasichu. franch frigate "resol" rund vyapara kappalukalude koottatthil kandethiyappol "sthirothsaaham", "phoenix" enniva anweshanathinaayi ayachu. "resolu" "koottaan visammathikkukayum britiish yudhakkappalukalkku nere vediyuthirkkaan thudangukayum cheythu, athu dayaapoorvam prathikarikkukayum ekadesham irupathu minittinusesham" "resolu" "adikkaan nirbandhitharaakukayum cheythu". resolue" tirayukayum ellaam kappalin mukalilaanennu kandethukayum cheythappol britishukaar avarude kappalukalilekku madangukayum pookukayum cheiyumaayirunnu, ennaal franch kyapttan thante kappalil thudaraan visammathikkukayum athine yudhapuraskaaramaayi kanakkaakkanamenn nirbandhikkukayum cheythu. ennirunnaalum, brittan fraansumaayi yudhathilaayirunnilla, athinaal vyapara kappalukal thudaraan anuvadikkukayum britishukaar maaheyilekk "resolue" valikkukayum cheythu, avide avale topmastukal adichu nankooramidukayum cheythu. maaheyile franch commador roshakulanaayi britiish commador vilyam kornavalisinodum paareesile swantham meludyogastharodum kadutha parathippettu. tharkkam oru nayatantra vivaadamaayi uyarnnekkaamaayirunnavilum france oru viplavathinte vakkilayathinaal sambhavam vendathra sradhikkappettilla.
vidhi.
"1793 septambaril yuddham avasaanichathinu sesham "sthirothsaaham" nalkukayum porttsmoutthil saadhaarana nilaykk sthaapikkukayum cheythu. 1800 num 1822 num idayil oru sweekarikkunna kappalayi sevanamanushticha aval 2,530 poundinu vilkkappedukayum 1823 meyy 21 nuu thakarukayum cheythu.

