
visain

pradhaanamaayum faava beansil kaanapedunna oru alcaloid glycosideanu visain, avaye broad beans ("visiya faba") ennum vilikkunnu. glucose-6-phoosphett dehydrogenase enna ensaiminte paarambarya nashtam ulla vyakthikalil vaisin vishamaan. ithu favism ennariyappedunna haemolitic anaemiyaykku kaaranamaakunnu. visiya faba" yill visain roopappedunnathu padichuvenkilum eee swaabhaavika roopeekaranam ithuvare kandethiyitla.
charithram.
1870ll sulfuric assid upayogichu verthirichedukkunna reethiyiloodeyum thudarnnu merkuri sulfate (echgso 4) upayogichu mazha peyyikkunnathiloodeyum "visiya saattiva" yude vithukalil ninnu vaisin aadyam verthirichu. pinneedu mattu visiya inangalaaya "visiya faba", beatoot jyoos, pease ennivayilum visain kandethi. samyukthathinte raasaghadana kramena nirmikkappettu. 1896-ll samyukthathinte glycosidic swabhaavam aadyamaayi amgeekarikkappettu. athe varsham thanne visain, dvsin ennivayude aglaikon verthirichu. irupathaam noottaandinte thudakkathil pyrimidine ghadana amgeekarikkappettu. eee prarambha vijayangal undaayirunnittum, 1953ll maathramaan visaininte sariyaaya soothravaakyam nirnnayikkappettath, athu 2,4-diamino-6-ooksipairimidin-5-(β-d-glucopyranoside) aanu.
metabolism.
shareerathile nishkriya samyukthamaanu vaisin. visain bhakshanathiloode shareerathil praveshikkumbol, kudal microphlora athine hydrolyse cheyth valare reactive free radical uthppaadippikkunna samyukthamaaya aglaikkon dvsin aayi maattunnu. jalavishleshanathil, thanmaathrayude glucose bhagam vibhajikkappedukayum athu dvsin kurayukayum cheiyunnu. kudal eppitheeliyathiloode daivisin rakthathil edukkunnu.
prathikoola phalangal.
glucose-6-phoosphett dehydrogenase kuravu anubavikkunna manushyaril maathramaan prathikoola phalangal sambhavikkunnath. eee kuravu erythrocytukalil glutathayoninte kuravinu kaaranamaakunnu, koodaathe sakthamaaya reducing ejantu dvsin srishticha rosinte (reactive ooksijan speeshees) nirveeryavalkkaranathinu gloottathayon aavasyamaanu.
soochanakal.
jii6pidi kurravulla vyakthikal rogalakshanangalillaathavarana. acute haemolitic anaemiyayude akramanam evideyum prathyakshappedaathirikkum valare kadinavum jeevanu bheeshaniyumaanu. karutha moothram, manjappitham, manjappitham, vayaruvedana, mikka kesukalilum panii ennivayaanu atharam pettennulla favism aakramanathinte soochanakal.
vishaamsham.
pyrimidine valayathile sii5-ll glucose hydroxyl group thammilulla β-glycosidic boond hydrolyse cheyth visain, dvsin (2,6-diamino-4,500-dihydroxypyrimidine) enna aglaikon nalkunnu. eee aglyconukalkku glutathayoninu sakthamaaya ooksidaising sheshiyund. aarogyamulla vyakthikalil, ithu oru prashnamalla, kaaranam gloottathayon punarujjeevippikkaan kazhiyunnathra vegathil kuraykkaan kazhiyum. glucose 6-phoosphett dehydrogenase (jii6pidi) yude kurravulla vyakthikalil ithu haemolitic anaemiyaykku kaaranamaakunnu.
mrugangalil swaadheenam.
kozhikale valarthunnathil 10 gram visain/kilogram bhakshanakramam theetta kazhikkal, muttayude bharam, haemoglobin alavu, prathyulpaadanakshamatha enniva kuraykkaanum karal bharam, karal gloottathayon alavu, plasma lipid alavu enniva vardhippikkaanum kaaranamaayi. pannikalil oru kiloik visain thaarathamyappeduthaavunna alavil ulla oru bhakshanakramam proteinilum oorjja dahanakshamathayilum cheria phalangal maathrame kaanichittulloo.
mattoru padanatthil, idunnathum broiler kozhikalum vividha kaalayalavukalil kuthirtha daanyangal nalkukayum avaa bhaagikamaayo poornnamaayo visain neekkam cheyyukayum cheythu. ippozhum vaisin adangiya daanyangal undaayirunna kozhikalil corpuscular haemoglobin ganyamaayi kuranju, mattullavayil illa.
elikalil nadatthiya oru inn vivo patanam kaanikkunnath, visain vaayiloode nalkunnathu glutathayon saandrathayil cheria kuravinu kaaranamaayi, marananirakk kuranju. ennirunnaalum, intraperittoniyal administration glutathayoninte druthagathiyilulla kurravinum anoxia kaaranam maranathinum kaaranamaayi.

