
honbostal-sax nambar anusarichu aerophoneukalude pattika

sangeetha upakaranangalude vargeekaranathinte honbostal-sax sisttam vibrating vaayuviloode shabdam ulppaadippikkunna ellah upakaranangaleyum grouppucheyyunnu. vibrationil (kaatt upakaranangalilennapole) oru vaayuvinte nira sajjeekarikkukayo vaayuvinte ozhukk oru attathaal thadassappeduthukayo cheiyunnathu ithil ulppedaam (swatantra-reedukalilennapole). upakaranam thanne vibrate cheiyunnilla, vibrating stringukaloo membranukaloo illa.
aerophoneukal (4).
soujanya aerophoneukal (41).
vibrating eyar upakaranam thanne adaykkaatha upakaranangal.
sthaanachalana rahita aerophoneukal (411).
vaayupravaham moorchayulla oru attathu cherunnu, allengil moorchayulla oru attam vaayuviloode neengunnu. rund saahacharyangalilum, ettavum puthiya kazhchakal anusarichu, vaayuvinte aanukaalika sthaanachalanamaanu attatthinte ithara vashangalil sambhavikkunnath. vaal blade allengil vipp udaaharanangalaan.
intereptive free aerophoneukal (412).
vaayupravaham idaykkide thadassappedunnu
412.1 ideophonic interrereptive aerophoneukal allengil reedukal-vaayupravaham oru lamellaykkethire nayikkukayum athu idaykkide thadassappeduthunnathinayi aanukaalika vibrationil sajjeekarikkukayum cheiyunnu. eee groupil 'cover' ulla naanalukalum ulppedunnu, i.iii. vaayu dvitheeya ardhathil maathram vibrate cheiyunna oru tube, shabdam ulppaadippikkaathe, reedinte vibration undaakkunna shabdathinu vrithavum shabdavum cherkkunnu; viraladayaalangalude abhavam moolam saadhaaranayaayi thirichariyaan kazhiyum.
412.11 kankashan reedukal-rund lamellakal oru vidavu undaakkunnu, athu avayude vibration samayat idaykkide adayunnu.
412.12 thaalavaadya naanalukal-orotta lamella oru framil adikkunnu.
412.121 swatantra thaalavaadya naanalukal.
412.122 settu thaalavaadya naanalukal. - munkaala avayavangal
412.13 free-reed upakaranagalil aduthulla oru slottinullil vibrate cheiyunna oru reed undu (oru attached pipe undayirikkaam, pakshe athu readinode sahathaapathode maathrame vibrate cheyyaavoo, pichil swaadheenam chelutharuthu-eee classile upakaranangale viral-dwaarangalude abhavam kondu 422.3 ll ninnu verthirichariyaan kazhiyum).
412.131 swatantra noolukal.
412.132 settu swatantra noolukal.
412.14 baand reed upakaranangal-pirimurukkatthil oru baandinte moorchayulla attathu vaayu pathikkunnu. eee upakaranathinte shabdashaasthram ithuvare anweshikkappettilla.
412.2 noonn-ideophonic interrereptive upakaranangal.
412.21. karangunna aerophoneukal (intereptive ejantu athinte swantham prathalatthil karangukayum athinte achuthandu oonaakkaathirikkukayum cheiyunnu)
412.22. karangunna aerophoneukal (intereptive ejantu athinte achuthandil thiriyunnu)
plossive aerophoneukal (413).
orotta compression vaayu puratthuvidalum moolamaanu shabdam undaakunnath.
swathanthramallaatha aerophoneukal (sariyaaya kaatt upakaranangal) (42).
vibrating eyar upakaranathinullil adangiyirikkunnu. eee groupil padinjaaru kaattuvasthrangal ennu vilikkunna mikka upakaranangalum, athaayath pullaankuzhal allengil franch hoonn, athupole thanne mattu pala tharatthilulla upakaranangalaya conch shellukalum ulppedunnu.
edju-bloon aerophoneukal allengil fluitukal (421).
kalikkaaran thante chundukal upayogichu (421.1) riban aakruthiyilulla vaayuvinte ozhukk undaakkunnu, allengil avante shwaasam oru arikilekku (421.2) oru naalatthiloode nayikkunnu.
421.1 nalikayillaatha pullaankuzhal-kalikkaaran thanne chundukal upayogichu riban aakruthiyilulla vaayuvinte aruvi srishtikkunnu.
421.11 end-bloon fluitukal-kalikkaaran oru tyoobinte mukal bhaagathulla moorchayulla arikilekku adikkunnu.
421.111 vyakthigatha end-bloon fluitukal.
421.111.1 thurannirikkunna orotta attathu pookkunna pullaankuzhal-pullinte thaazhathe attam thurannirikkunnu.
421.viraladayaalangalillaathe 111.11.
421.viralthumbukalulla 111.12.
421.111.2 nirtthiya orotta attathu veeshiyadikkunna pullaankuzhal-pullinte thaazhathe attam adanjirikkunnu.
421.viraladayaalangalillaathe 111.21.
421.viralthumbukalulla 111.22.
421.112 settu end-bloon fluitukal allengil paanpaippukal-vyathyastha pichinte niravadhi end-bloon fluitukal samyojippichu orotta upakaranam roopappeduthunnu.
421.112.1 paanpaippukal thurakkuka.
421.112.11 ooppan (raaft) paanpaippukal-paippukal oru bordinte roopathil bandhippichirikkunnu, allengil oru boardil * kuzhikkunna tyoobukaliloodeyaanu avaa nirmmikkunnath.
421.112.12 ooppan bundle (paan-) paippukal-paippukal oru vrithaakrithiyilulla bundle bandhippichirikkunnu.
421.112.2 paanpaippukal nirtthi.
421.112.3 mixed ooppan aandu stopp paanpaippukal.
421.12 side-bloon fluitukal-kalikkaaran tyoobinte vashathulla oru dwaarathinte moorchayulla arikilekku veeshunnu.
421.121 (otta) side-bloon pullaankuzhal.
421.121.1 side-bloon fluitukal thurakkuka.
421.viraladayaalangalillaathe 121.11.
421.viralthumbukalulla 121.12.
421.121.2 bhaagikamaayi nirtthiya side-bloon fluitukal-tyoobinte thaazhathe attam oru cheria dwaaram thulachukayariya paippinte swaabhaavika nodaanu.
421.121.3 side-bloon pullaankuzhal nirtthi.
421.viraladayaalangalillaathe 121.31. 
421.121.311 nischitha stopp lover end-(prathyakshatthil nilavililla).
421.121.312 krameekarikkavunna stopp lover end
421.viralthumbukalulla 121.32.
421.122 settu side-bloon fluitukal.
421.122.1 thuranna slide-bloon pullangodi settukal.
421.122.2 nirtthiyitta side-bloon fluitukalude settukal.
421.13 paathratthilulla pullaankuzhal (prathyeka kokku illaathe) paippinte shareeram tubularalla, marichu paathratthinte aakruthiyilaanu.
421.nalikayo nalikayo ulla 2 pullaankuzhalukal-oru idungiya nalam vaayupravaahathe oru paarshwabhaagatthe dwaarathinte moorchayulla attathekku nayikkunnu. 
421.baahyanrithamulla 21 pullaankuzhalukal-eee kuzhal pullinte mathilinu purathaanu; eee koottatthil valayampolulla sleevinu keezhil chumaril arayulla kuzhalppinar ulla pullaankuzhalum samanamaaya mattu krameekaranangalum ulppedunnu.
421.211 (eaka) puram naalathodukoodiya pullaankuzhal.
421.211.1 baahya nalika upayogichu pullaankuzhal thurakkuka.
421.viraladayaalangalillaathe 211.11.
421.viralthumbukalulla 211.12.
421.211.2 baahya naalangal upayogichu bhaagikamaayi nirtthiya pullaankuzhal.
421.211.3 baahya naalangal upayogichu pullaankuzhal nirtthi. 
421.baahya naalathodukoodiya 212 settu pullaankuzhal.
421.aantharika naalamulla 22 pullaankuzhal-kuzhal tubinullilaanu. eee groupil oru aantharika baffle (swaabhaavika nooad, resin bookk) roopappedunna nalliyulla pullaankuzhalum oru baahya tide-oonn cover (chooral, maram, marra) ulppedunnu.
421.aantharika naalamulla 221 (eaka) pullaankuzhal.
421.221.1 aantharika nalika upayogichu pullaankuzhal thurakkuka.
421.viralthumbukalillaathe 221.11
421.viralthumbukalulla 221.12
421.221.2 aantharika naalamkond bhaagikamaayi pullaankuzhal nirtthi.
421.221.3 aantharika naalangal upayogichu pullaankuzhal nirtthi.
421.viraladayaalangalillaathe 221.31.
421.221.311 nischitha stopp lover end ullathaanu.
421.221.312 krameekarikkavunna stopp lover end.
421.viralthumbukalulla 221.31.
421.221.4 kappal nalika upayogichu pullaankuzhal cheiyunnu.
421.viraladayaalangalillaathe 221.41.
421.viralthumbukalulla 221.42.
421.aantharika naalamulla 222 settu pullaankuzhal. 
421.222.1 aantharika naalamulla thuranna pullaankazhal settukal.
421.viraladayaalangalillaathe 222.11-avayavathinte thuranna flue stoppukal.
421.viralthumbukalulla 222.12 
421.222.2 aantharika naalathodukoodiya bhaagikamaayi nirtthiya pullaankuzhal settukal.
421.222.3 aantharika naalamulla nirtthiyitta pullangodi settukal.
reed aerophoneukal (422).
kalikkaarante shwaasam oru lamella allengil oru jody lamellack nere nayikkunnu, ithu idaykkide vaayupravaahathe thadassappeduthukayum vaayu chalikkaan kaaranamaakukayum cheiyunnu.
422.1 eratta nanayam upakaranangal-parasparam adikkunna rund laamellakalund.
422.11 (otta) obokal.
422.silindar borullah 111.
422.silindar borullah 111
422.viraladayaalangalillaathe 111.1.
422.viralthumbukalulla 111.2.
422.konaakrithiyilulla borullah 112
422.12 settu obokal.
422.silindar borullah 121.
422.122 conical borodukoodiyathaanu.
422.2 otta naanal upakaranangal-paippin oru thaalavaadya lamella adangiya orotta 'naanal' undu.
422.21 (otta) klaarinettukal.
422.silindar borullah 211.
422.viraladayaalangalillaathe 211.1.
422.viralthumbukalulla 211.2.
422.konaakrithiyilulla borodukoodiya 212.
422.22 settu klaarinettukal.
422.swathanthramaaya naanalukalulla 3 naanalukalude paippukal-aduthu gadippicha frameiloode eee naanal vibrate cheiyunnu. viraladayaalangal undaayirikkanam, allengil upakaranam swatantra reedukalkku keezhilaanu 412.13.
422.soujanya readinoppam 31 single paippukal.
422.soujanya reedukalulla 32 eratta paippukal.
kahalam (423).
kalikkaarante viraykkunna chundukal vaayuvine chalippikkunnu.
423.1 swaabhaavika kahalam-kalikkaarante chundukal ozhike pitch maattaan oru margavumilla.
423.11 shamkhangal-oru shamkham kaahalamaayi varthikkunnu.
423.111 avasaanichu.
423.mouthu pease illaathe 111.1.
423.mouthu pease upayogichu 111.2.
423.112 side-bloon.
423.12 tubular kahalangal.
423.121 end-bloon kahalangal-mouthu-hole kaahalatthinte achuthandinu abhimukhamaayi.
423.121.1 end-bloon strait kahalam-tube valanjatho madakkiyatho allah.
423.mouthu pease illaathe 121.11.
423.mouthu pease upayogichu 121.12.
423.121.2 end-bloon hoons-tube valanjatho madakkiyatho aanu.
423.mouthu pease illaathe 121.21.
423.mouthu pease upayogichu 121.22.
423.122 vashangal kahalangal veeshi.
423.2 chrometic kahalangal-upakaranathinte pitch yaanthrikamaayi maattaan kazhiyum
423.21 keed kahalangal
423.22 slide kahalangal
423.23 valve cheytha kahalangal
423.231 konaakrithiyilulla booar
423.232 ardha-konaakrithiyilulla booar
423.233 silindar booar