
linkon stephens

linkon austin stephens (epril 6,1866-august 9,1936) oru american anweshanaathmaka pathrapravartthakanum irupathaam noottaandinte thudakkathil purogamana kaalaghattatthile pramukha makrakkarmaaril oralumaayirunnu. twed days inn sent" enna peril "mcclures" enna lekhanangalude oru parambara addeham puratthirakki. luis, "athu pinneedu" nagarangalude naanakked "enna peril oru pusthakatthil orumichu prasidheekarikkappettu. american nagarangalile munisippal gavanmentile azhimathi anweshikkunnathinum addehathinte idathupaksha moolyangalkkum addeham oormmikkappedunnu.
aadyakaala jeevitam.
elisabath louisa (sims) stefensinteyum joseph stefensinteyum naalu makkalil moothavanum eaka makanumaayi kaaliforniyayile saan fraansiskoyilaanu stephens janichathu. samsthaana thalasthaanamaaya saakramentoyilaanu addeham valarnnathu; 1887-ll vyaapaari albert gaalattinil ninnu vangiya echu streettile victorian veedaaya stephens famili maalika 1903-ll california govarnorude maalikayaayi maari.
sent maatteevinte episcopal day schoolil padicha stephens, avide skoolinte sthaapakanum director karsanamaaya achadakkakkaaranumaaya alfred leeii brewerumaayi idaykkide ettumutti. berkleyile california sarvakalashaalayil ninnu birudam nediya addeham pinneedu padanathinaayi europilekku pooyi.
currier.
newyork eevaning posttilekku" maarunnathinumumbu 1890-kalil "newyork komezhsyal advertiseril" stephens thante pathrapravartthana jeevitam aarambhichu. 1902 muthal 1906 vare addeham "mcclures" maasikayude edittaraayi, avide addeham idaa tarbell, reey stannard baker ennivarodoppam oru prashastha macracking thrayam bhaagamaayi. gavanmentinteyum rashtreeya azhimathiyudeyum anweshanathil addeham vaidagdhyam nedukayum addehathinte lekhanangalude rund samahaarangal "nagarangalude naanakked" (1904), "svayambharanathinaayulla poraattam" (1906) ennee perukalil prasidheekarikkukayum cheythu. samyojippikkunnathine samrakshichathinu nyoojezhsiye vimarshichukond addeham "raajyadroha raashtram" (1905) enna kruthiyum ezhuthi. 1906-ll addeham tarbell aandu baker ennivarodoppam "mccalores" upekshichu "american magazin" roopeekarichu. nagarangalude naanakked" enna peril stephens amerikkakkaarude vikaarangale aakarshikkunnathiloode nagara amerikkayil rashtreeya parishkkaranam konduvaraan shramichu. nagara amerikkayiludaneelamulla azhimathikkaraaya sarkkaarukalude udaaharanangaliloode addeham rosham paratthaan shramichu.
1914 muthal 1915 vare addeham meksikkan viplavam report cheyyukayum parishkaranathekkaal viplavamaan nallathennu kaanaan thudangukayum cheythu. 1919 maarchil addeham vilyam sii. yeei anugamichu. soviyatt russiayile moonnaazhchathe sandarshanathil, viplavakaramaaya maattatthinte prakriyayil samoohathinte "aashayakkuzhappamundaakkunnathu budhimuttullathumaaya" prakriyaykku saakshyam vahicha oru thaazhnna thalatthilulla stettu department udyogasthanaaya bulitt. soviyatt russia oru parinaamapadhathiyulla oru viplava gavanmentaayirunnu, pratheekshayum padhathiyum sahikkavunna thinmayude oru thaalkkaalika avastha" sahikkunnu "ennu addeham ezhuthi."
madangiyethiya sesham, soviyatt viplavathekurichulla thante kazhchappadum ningalkkuvendiyulla prachaaranavum addeham prothsaahippichu.ezz. rashyaykkulla bhakshyasahayam puthiya soviyatt samoohathekkurichu addehathinte prashasthamaaya paramarsham nadatthi "njaan bhaavi kandu, athu pravartthikkunnu", eee vaachakam addeham palappozhum niravadhi vyathiyanangalumaayi aavarthichu. addehathinte bhaarya ella vintarinte "redu treata human relationships inn dhaa nyoo russia" (victor golans, 1933) enna sheershaka pejil eee udharani ulkkollunnu.
1931ll addehathinte oormmakkurippukal prathyakshappettappozhuk kamyoonisathodulla addehathinte utsaaham vardhichu. aathmakatha oru bestt sellaraayi maari, ithu ezhuthukaaranu hrasvamaaya praadhaanyathilekku thirichuvarikayaayirunnu, pakshe stephensinu athu muthaledukkaan kazhinjilla, kaaranam 1933 aayappozhekkum asukham addehathinte american prabhaashana paryadanam vettikkurachu. addeham california raittezhs projakttile amgamaayirunnu, oru puthiya deale prograam.
1924ll irupathiyaaru vayassulla soshyalist ezhuthukaaranaaya leonor (ella) sophi vintarine vivaham kazhicha stephens italiyilekku thamasam maarukayum avide avarude makan peettar saan remoyil janikkukayum cheythu. 
1927-ll avar pasaphik theerathe ettavum pradhanappetta art kolaniyaaya kaaliforniyayile carmel-bye-dhii-seeyilekk thamasam maarukayum saan antonio streettinteyum ooshyan avanyoovinteyum kavalaykku sameepamulla oru kottejil thaamasamaakkukayum cheythu. avarude thaamasakaalathu addeham thante aathmakatha rachikkukayum "pasaphik vaarika" kaikaaryam cheyyukayum cheythu."1992ll eee kottej naveekarichu.
taamasiyaathe ellayum linken eee mekhalayile idathupaksha raashtreeyathil vivaada vyakthikalayi maari. 
praadeshika carmel kalakaaranmaaril oralum dambathikalude suhruthumaaya joonn oo 'shiya thante "misttar" enna patanam pradharshippichappol. stephensinte aathmaav, "oru vichitramaaya demonynode saamyamulla oru chithram, linkon chithrarachanayil orutharam nindyamaaya abhimaanam edukkukayum athu srishticha pracharanam aaswadikkukayum cheythu. 
1934-ll, stephensum shaithyakaalavum saan francisco varkkezhs school (pinneedu california laber school) sthaapikkaan sahayichu; stephens avide oru upadeshtaavaayum sevanamanushtichu.
maranam.
1936 august 9nuu kaaliforniyayile carmel-bye-dhii-seeyil vachu stephens hrudrogam moolam marichu.
2011ll "dhii newyork timesinte" kevin baker "linkon stephens innu adhikam ormmikkappedunnilla" ennu vilapichu.
janakeeya samskaarathil.
1993ll purathirangiya "jacq dhaa bear" enna daan devitto chithratthil linkon stephensine paraamarsikkunnundu. 
toom wolf 1987ll ezhuthiya 'dhii bonfire oof dhii vaanittees' enna novalil linkon stephensine paraamarsikkunnundu.
2019ll arangettam kuricha american crime drama parambarayaaya 'sitti oonn eiii hill' leeii kathaapaathrangal linkon stefensinekkurichu niravadhi paraamarshangal nadathunnundu.
merii makkaarthiyude 1963 leeii athe perilulla novalile groupile amgangaliloraalude priyappetta pusthakamaanu "linkon stephensinte aathmakatha".
"linkon stephensinte aathmakatha" "josaf mesloy ezhuthiya" "sthreekalum purushanmaarum" "enna novalil paraamarsikkappettundu". merlyn moonroo thante aathmakadhayaaya mye storiyil ithu oru priyappetta kathayaayi paraamarsikkunnu ('ool eboutt eevu' enna chithratthinte nirmmaana velayil aval ithu vaayikkukayum saadhyamaaya communist bandhangal kaaranam aarodum parayaruthennu joseph ell mankievics munnariyipp nalkukayum cheiyunnu).