snehapoornamaaya krupayude yanthrangalaal ellaam nireekshikkappedunnu

"richard broutigan 1967 ll ithe perilulla thante anchaamathe kavita samahaarathil aadyamaayi prasidheekaricha oru kavithayaan "ellaam snehapoornamaaya krupayude yanthrangalaal nireekshikkappedunnu". yanthrangal manushyarude jeevan mechappeduthukayum samrakshikkukayum cheiyunna saankethika uttopiyayekurichulla aaveshakaramaaya vivaranam ithu avatharippikkunnu. sheethayudhakaalathe saankethikavidya swaadheenicha ethirsamskaaravum hippy prameyangalum eee kavithayilundu. ithu uttopiyan ennum athu vivarikkunna uttopiyayude virodhabhasa vimarsanamaayum vyaakhyaanikkappettindu. brattigante ettavum kooduthal punarprasidheekarikkapnu kavithayaanith.
sangrahavum vishakalanavum.
1967 januvariyil kaaliforniyayile pasadenayile california instittyoott oof teknolajiyil kavi-inn-residence aayirikkumbol broutigan eee kavitayum athe perilulla samahaaravum ezhuthi. moonnu charanangalilayi 99 vaakkukalulla eee kavita, manushyarum saankethikavidyayum valia nanmaykkaayi orumichu pravartthikkunna oru saankethika uttopiya vivarikkunnu. sasthanikalum computerukalum paraspara prograaming samanvayathil orumichu jeevikkunnu", saankethikavidya paripalakaraayi pravartthikkumbol "nammal nammude advaanathil ninnu muktharaayi prakrithiyilekku thirichetthi" ennivayekkurichu broutigan ezhuthunnu."ithu aathmaarthamaayi edukkanamo virodhaabhaasamaayi edukkanamo ennathinodu niroopakar viyojikkunnu.
sheethayudhakaalathe saankethika darshanangalodukoodiya visramathinaayulla aagrahavum prakrithiyilekkulla thirichuvaravum ulkkollunna hippy virudhasamskaarathinte misrithamaayaanu eee kavithaye saadhaaranayaayi manassilaakkunnath. kramam palikkunna soumyamaaya yanthrangalekkurichulla maanthrika paraamarshangal enne aakarshichu" ennu brattigante prasadhakanaaya claude hayward paranju... [ithu] computerinte vaagdaanathekkurichulla njangalude shubhaapthivishvaasavumaayi poruthappedunnu ". digital humanities professor steevan iii. ippol saiborg aidantitti ennu vilikkappedunna" enna kavithayude prameyathe johns visheshippikkukayum 1960-kalil california kaundar kalchar sthaapikkukayum, saankethikavidya, valarunna hacker samskaaram, cycadelics ennivayumaayi hippy moolyangalude samyojanam ennivayiloode ithu sthaapikkukayum cheythu. saankethikamaayi prapthamaaya oru uttopiya enna ashayam 1960-kalil kaaliforniyayil janapriyamaayirunnu, oru vakabhedam, "snehapoornamaaya krupayude yanthrangalaal nireekshikkappedunnu" ennu charitrakaaranaaya chaals perry visheshippichirikkunnu, "robottukal ellah jolikalum cheyyum" enna abhaavathinu sheshamulla samoohathinte ozhivusamaya samoohamaanu. ethirsamskaarathinte charitrakaaranaaya theodor rosack ezhuthi, ithu "vipareethavum saankethikavumaaya moolyangalude valareyadhikam vilamathikkappedunna samanvayathe poornnamaayum pidichedukkunnu", athesamayam bhavivadi jaims lovlock athine paristhithi vaadathinte velichathil, thante pusthakamaaya "novaseen" enna vishayathinte "adyakaalavum chila vidhangalil krithyavumaaya" udaaharanamaayi kandu "manushyarum cyborgukalum samaadhaanathode orumichu jeevikkunna oru yugam-orupakshe snehapoornamaaya krupayil-kaaranam avar avarude athijeevanam urappakkunnathinulla oru pothu padhathi pankidunnu. aaa padhathi bhoomiye jeevikkaan kazhiyunna oru grahamaayi nilanirthunnu ". hippikalkkidayil saadhaaranamaayirunna reethiyil brattigan mathabhasha upayogikkunnathu "oresamayam virodhabhaasavum manappoorvvam nishkalankathayumaanu" ennum kavithaye "american saahitya-matha paarambaryatthil" ulppeduthiyathaayum johns ezhuthi.
kavi vijay nambeeshan "hinduvil" avatharippikkan eee kavita thiranjedutthu, 2000 ll "ningalkk innu ithupoloru kavita ezhuthaan kazhiyilla" ennu ezhuthi. athu valare kuttipoleyaanu, valare niraparadhiyaanu. vaasthavathil, irupathu varsham munbu brattigante jolie enne aakarshicha koleju suhruthukkal athu thiranjedutthathinu enne nokki chirikkum. athu kuravo kuravo brutiganu sambhavichu."saahitya niroopakanaaya steevan muur ezhuthiyathu" "snehapoornamaaya krupayude yanthrangalaal nireekshikkappedunna" "eee samahaaram" "avasaanathe thaalangalil" "ninnu brattigante parivartthanatthe adayaalappeduthunnu ennaanu"... hippy ezhuthukaaril aadyatheyaalinodu, "aaa kavita" akkaalat vaayuvil undaayirunna puthiya saadhyathakalude mandabudhiye [pidichedukkunnu] ".
sheethayudhakaalathe saankethikavidyaye parihasikkunna, allengil saankethikamaayi praapthamakkiya uttopiyayekkurichu parihasikkunna oru virodhaabhaasamaayi mattullavar ithine vyaakhyaanichu. staanfordinte carlos seligoyude abhipraayathil, "addehathinte mishrita roopakangal pole sookshumavum sankeernavumaaya oru vairudhyam" kavithayilundu, seligo parayunnath "ellaayppozhum kuranjathu moonnu kaaryangalenkilum cheiyunnu-palappozhum naalu, anchu, allengil aarr karyangal oresamayam."karnegi melloon yooniversitti engleesh professor roobert jeey. manushyarum saankethikavidyayum thammilulla bandhathekkurichu american kavikalkku kriyathmakamaaya veekshanam labhikkunnath ethra asaadhaaranamaanennum eee kavita virodhaabhaasamaayi kaanukayaanengil athu "saankethikavidya virudha american kavithayude mukhyadhaarayil cherunnuvennum gangware abhiprayappettu." 
prasidheekarana charithram.
"snehapoornamaaya krupayude yanthrangalaal nireekshikkappedunnathel" aadyamaayi prasidheekarichathu communication kambaniyaaya, khananakkaarude prasidheekarana vibhagamaaya-saan fraansiskoyile hye-ashbury pradeshathe oru street theaterum aaktivist group-kaikondu ezhuthiya thalakettum mudra ulla oru mimograph cheytha broadsidil. jonsinte abhipraayathil, eee kavita "athinte swantham saankethika ulppaadana reethiyude" aakhoshamaayirikkaam, athil mimograph kooduthal aalukalilekku sandeshangal pracharippikkan ethirsamskaarathe anuvadichu. aadya oottathil oru megaphoninte chithravum randaamathe printingil oru valia computeril jolie cheiyunna aalukalude chithravum undaayirunnu, kavithayude arikil lambamaayi karangukayum peju muzhuvan mrugangalude lalithamaaya varikalode varaykkukayum cheythu. athe varsham eprilil, communication kambani athe peril samahaarathile sheershaka kavithayayi ithu veendum prasidheekarichu. athil 36 tharam ezhuthiya manja pejukal ulppedunnu, avayellaam soujanyamaayi nalkappetta 1,500 print rannil. pakarppavakasham nilanirthunna oru pakarppavakasha prasthavana brattigan ulppeduthiyittundu, ennaal athupole thanne soujanyamaayi nalkappedunnathuvare eathenkilum kavithakal veendum achadikkaan anumathi nalkunnu. 
1967-ll brouttigante "trout fishing inn america" enna novalinte vijayam kaaranam eee kavitayum athinte perilulla samahaaravum janapriyamaayirunnu. janapriyamaayirunnu shekharathile backie ulladakkangalkoppam, munbu prasidheekaricha mattu shekharangalkkum puthiya vasthukkalkkum oppam, "dhii gulika vezhsas dhii springhill mine disaastar" (1968) enna pusthakatthinte dairkhyathil ithu ulppeduthi. 
thudarnnu 1968 august maasathil "dhii digger pepparukal" enna laghulekhayil eee kavita ulppeduthaan broutigan khananakkaarkk anumathi nalki. 24 pejulla laghulekhakal "realist" lakkam 81-ll veendum prasidheekarikkukayum 40,000 koppikal koodi kuzhichupanikal achadikkukayum soujanyamaayi nalkukayum cheythu. athe varsham thanne "trikoorthimaathram", "aan arber sann", "saan francisco express times" ennivayilum ithu prathyakshappettu. "snehapoornamaaya krupayude yanthrangalaal nireekshikkappedunnathel" brouttigante ettavum pathivayi punarprasidheekaricha kavithayayi maari.
brattigan thante 1970-leeii aalbathil "richard brattigan parayunnath kelkkunna" enna "gulika vezhsas springhill mine disaastar" ennathil ninnulla mattu niravadhi kavithakalkoppam eee kavitayum vaayichu. saan fraansiskoyile golden stettu recorderukalil record cheytha oru recording brattigane adisthaanamaakkiyulla vilaveduppu rekhakalaanu 33 1/3 phonograph record purathirakkiyathu. 2005ll compact diskill ithu veendum puratthirangi.
paarambaryamaayi.
paarambaryamaayi, eee kavita uchithamaaya saankethika prasthaanavumaayi bandhappettitheerukayum hippy-hacker group operating community memory, berkleyile oru record store aasthaanamaayulla aadyathe bullattin board sisttam, loving grays cybernetics enna peru sweekarikkukayum cheythu.
samvidaayakan aadam kurttisinte priyappetta kavithayude perilaanu "snehapoornamaaya krupayude yanthrangalaal ellaam veekshikkappedunnu" enna documentary parambaraykku peru nalkiyirikkunnath. athinte randaam bhaagath broutigan oru vaayana nadathunnathinte recording ulppedunnu. chikkago reader" parayunnathanusarichu, chithrangalude ellah unmaadathinum, brattigante shabdavum sountraakkile symphonic samgeethathinte mandagathiyilulla bhagavumaanu eee shreniyil aadhipathyam pularthunnathu."
newyorkkile jaims kohan gallery 2015 ll kavithayude peril oru art shhow nadatthi. avalude avalokanathil, "newyork times" maartha schwendon brutigante kavita allengil shoyude paintingukal polulla parambaraagatha kalaaroopangalude saankethikavidyayude samyojanam eduthukaanichu. palays dii tokkiyoyil, aadya prasidheekaranathinu ambathu varshathinu sesham yowan gaurmel kyoorett cheytha 2017 ll ithe perilulla oru shoyk eee kavita prachodanamaayi. kavithayude oru posttaril ninnaan shhow aarambhikkunnath, koodaathe "amerikkayile federico floriyante kala upariplavamaayi brouttigante swapnangal niravettunnuvennu paranja kruthikal ulppeduthiyittundu," saankethikavidya manushyajeevithathinte ellah vashangalum ulkkollukayum athinaal nammude snehathinte samvidaanangale punarroopakalppana cheyyukayum cheytha oru varthamaanakaalaavasthaye [unarthunnu]."gaurmel parayunnathanusarichu, eee kavita" "oru vairudhyamaanu", "athu oresamayam ikyathinaayi kothikkunnu, ennaal nireekshanam amgeekarikkunnu," "saankethikavidyayude upayogam shareerathinte praathinidhyangalekkuri nammal chinthikkunna reethiye engane punarroopakalppana cheiyunnu-enthaanu vishayam, enthaanu vasthu?"

