
oolkus

36, 607 nivaasikalulla thekkan polandile oru pattanamaan oolkus ("elkish",) (2014). munbu catovis voyododshippil (1975-1998) lesser polandu voyododshippil sthithi cheiyunna ithu oolkus kaundiyude thalasthaanamaanu. sameepat khananam cheyth verthirichedukkunna velliyude samrudhiykku perukettathaanu oolkus.
chuttupaadukal.
stolayude poshakanadiyaaya baaba nadiyilaanu eee nagaram sthithicheyyunnathu, vaarsoyil ninnum cracovil ninnum oru pradhana rooad avide athunnu, ithu sameepapradeshathinte kendra nagaramaayi maarunnu. prakrithiyum charitraparamaaya sthalangalum sandarshikkaan aagrahikkunna vinodasanchaarikal ivide ninnu aarambikkuka. koodaathe, upper saileshya sagleby keelsumaayi bandhippikkunna pradhana railway lainilaan oolkus sthithi cheiyunnathu. starsinov marubhoomi aduthaanu sthithicheyyunnathu, marubhoomiyil ninnu kaattil veeshiyadicha manal 1949 ll marubhoomi marangal nattupidippikkunnathuve pattanatthe aswasthamaakki, athinte falamaayi marubhoomi valarnnu.
charithram.
nagaratthinte websaittil, ivide sanjarichu ledu ayiru kandethiya purathana feenishyanmaaraanu (kaanaanaittukal) eee nagaram sthaapichathennu oru kettukatha udharikkappedunnu. oolkus enna perinte uthbhavam purathana phoeneeshyan (kaananait hebru) "elkhuds" ennaanu paraamarshikkappedunnathu. ennirunnaalum, "thuzhayuka" ennathinte hebru vaakk "lakrot" aayirunnu, purathana feenishyanmaar polandiletthaanulla saadhyatha valare kuravaanu.
1299 muthalulla aadyathe rekhaamoolamulla charithrarekha oolkus nagaratthe paraamarsikkunnu, ennirunnaalum ithinu neratthe pattana avakashangal nalkiyirunnu. vibhajicha polandile seeniyarettu pravisyaykkullil sthithi cheythirunna ithu pinneedu poolish kireedatthinte cheria polandu pravishyayile craco voyodospicial bharanaparamaayi sthithicheyyunna polandile oru rajakeeya pattanamaayirunnu. leed khanikal kaaranam nivaasikal kooduthalum sambannaraayirunnu. velliyum kandethi. pathinezhaam noottaandinte avasaanathil ettavum thaazhnna nilayilaayirunna eee pattanatthinte paathayiloode vividha yudhangal kadannupoyi (kaanuka pralayam).
polandinte moonnaam vibhajanathil (1795) eee pattanam austriya pidichadakki. 1809leeii austro-poolish yudhathethudarnnu ithu dhruvangalaal veendedukkukayum hraswakaala dachiyaaya vaarsoyil ulppeduthukayum cheythu, 1815ll dachiyude pirichuvidalinushesham eee pattanam polandinte russian vibhajanathilekku veenu. 1863ll poolish januvariyil nadanna kalaapathinte poraattangal eee pradeshathu nadannu. itaaliyan, poolish swaathanthryathinaayulla poraattangalile nayakanaaya francesco nulo aduthulla krisikavka yudhathil marikkukayum pinneedu oolkusile semitheriyil samskarikkappedukayum cheythu.
1918-ll onnaam lokamahaayudhathinushesham polandu oduvil swaathanthryavum pattanatthinte niyanthranavum veendeduthu.
1939 septambaril randaam lokamahaayudham aarambhicha polandile jarmman-soviyatt samyuktha adhiniveshathil jarmmani eee pattanam aakramichu. ithinakam adhiniveshasamayathu, jarmmankaar praadeshika dhruvangalude aadya vadhasiksha nadappaakki ("poolish rajyathinethiraaya naasi kuttakrithyangal" ennivayum kaanuka).
jarmman adhiniveshathin keezhil eee pattanam nerittu germmaniyumaayi kootticherkkappettu. 1940 juunil seleneyil nadanna koottakkolayude erakalil olkusil ninnulla dhruvangalum ulppedunnu. 1940 juulai 16 nuu oru jarmman poleesukaaran kollappettathin prathikaaramaayi jarmmankaar 20 poolish bandikale koottakkola cheythu. 1940 juulai 31nuu jarmmankaar 15num 55num idayil praayamulla ellah poolish, jootha purushanmareyum shekharichu avare peedippikkukayum kolappeduthukayum cheythu. praadeshika janathaykkethiraya jarmman bheekaraakramanam pattanatthinteyum pradeshathinteyum aasootritha jarmmanvalkkaranathe lakshyamittaayirunnu. 1945 januvariyil adhinivesham avasaanikkukayum nagaram polandilekku punasthaapikkappedukayum cheythu.
sports.
football, athlattiks vibhaagangalulla ks oolkus aanu pattanatthile ettavum sradheyamaaya sports club.

