neppoliyanethire yudhathil

kathikkarinja bhoomi, janakeeya yuddham, garilla yuddham, nirnnayakamaaya oru yudhathinupurame ellaatharam yudhangalum ulppede saadhyamaaya eathu maargathiloodeyum avarude sainika vibhavangal nashippichu yuddham cheyyaanulla ethiraaliyude kazhivine adichamarthaanulla shramathe attression warfare prathinidheekarikkunnu. itharathilulla yudhathinte gadakangal upadveep yudhathil ithinakam upayogichirunnu. neppoliyanethire russian yudhapporaattam 1812 juun 24 nuu nepolian neman nadhi kadannu russiayilekku praveshichu 1812 desember 14 nuu grande aarmiyude samboornna paraajayathode avasaanichu. chaals joseph minaardinte varacha chithrathiloodeyaanu oru drishya praathinidhyam nalkunnathu. 1813ll germmaniyilum 1814ll fraansilum aaraamathe sakhyathil trachenberg padhathi upayogichu. ezhaamathe sakhyam 1815ll waterloovil addehathe paraajayappeduthi sent helenayilekku naadukadatthi, avide aarr varshathinu sesham addeham marichu.
kathicha bhoomi nayam.
porchugal.
porchugal adhiniveshathode (1807) portugalil upadveep yuddham aarambikkukayum 1814 vare thudarukayum cheythu. 1810 septambaril massena busaco yudhathil thante 65,000 sakthamaaya sainyavumayi porchugal pidichedukkaan moonnaamathe franch sramam nadathiyenkilum vellington thante sainyathe thekkott pinvalichu. porchugees karshakar thangalkkoppam kondupokaan kazhiyaatha ellah bhakshanavum kathikkarinja bhoomi nayaprakaram franchukaarkku upayogapradamaayekkaavunna mattenthenkilum nashippicha sesham avarude krishiyidangal upekshichathinaal, maassinayude keezhilulla franch sainyam vellingtonine pinthudarukayum nivaasikalillaattha oru tharisubhoomi kandethukayum cheythu. 1810 october 11 nuu 61,000 aalukalulla massena, vadakku ninnu lisbanilekkulla eaka paathaye prathirodhikkunnathinaayi kottakalum mattu sainika prathirodhangalum adangunna torres vedrakalude lineukal, eathaandu abhedyamaaya prathirodha sthaanathinu pinnil vellington kandethi. bhakshanathinteyum kaalitheettayudeyum abhavam ardhamaakkunnathu 1810 november ratri muthal kathikkarinja bhoomi nayathinu vidheyamallaatha oru pradesham kandethunnathinayi masna vadakkott pinwangan nirbandhithanaayi. iberian upadveepil ithuvare kandittullathil vachu ettavum thanuppulla shaithyakaalamaayirunnu anubhavappettathenkilum 1811 maarchinte thudakkathil pattiniyum rogangalum sarikkum aarambhichappol 21,000 pere nashtappettathode maaseena pinwangan utharavittu.
russia.
1812 juun juun neman kadakkunnathode rashyayilekkulla franch adhinivesham aarambhichu. nepolian 600,000 sakthamaaya sainyavumayi russia pidichedukkaan shramichuvenkilum barclay thante russian sainyathe kizhakode pinvalichu. franch sainyam barclay pinthudarukayum kurachu nivaasikalulla oru daridra bhoomi kandethukayum cheythu, kaaranam russian sainyam avarkk kondupokaan kazhiyaatha ellah bhakshanavum kathicha bhoomi nayatthinte aavasyakatha anusarichu franchukaarkku upayogapradamaayekkaavunna mattenthum nashippichu. 1812 septambar 7 nuu 115,000 aalukalulla nepolian, padinjaaru ninnu moscoyilekkulla eaka paatha thadayunna mosham prathirodha sthaanathu borodinoyil kuttusovine kandethi. nepolian addehathe paraajayappedutthukayum kathunna mosco pidichedukkukayum cheythu. ennaal 1812 october 19 muthal pinwangan nepolian nirbandhithanaakukayum kathikkarinja bhoomi nayathinu vidheyamallaatha oru pradesham thekkott kandethaan sramikkukayum cheythu. maloyaroslavetts yudhathil kuttusov eee vazhi vijayakaramaayi thadanju. franchukaar vannathupole thanne padinjarottu pinwangi, pakshe pattini, manju (russia novemberilum desemberilum thanutha shaithyakaalam anubhavichu), rogangal sarikkum aarambikkukayum nepolian russiayil motham 500,000 pere nashtappedutthukayum cheythu.
prathirodha sainyathinte pinvaangal.
yudhathinte thudakkathil russian sainyathinte nirantharamaaya pinvaangal neppoliyane avare neridaan valia choodil druthagathiyilulla maarchukal nadatthaan nirbandhithanaakki. addehathinte vitharana trainukal kooduthal vegathayullavayaayathinal krithyasamayathu avarude sainikaril ethaan kazhinjilla. pinvaangunna sainyathinteyum pinthudarunna sainyathinteyum avastha valare vyathyasthamaanennu klosvits ezhuthi. aadyathethu amithabhaarathil jeevichekkaam, athesamayam matte sainyam pathukke pattini kidannekkaam. pinvaangunna sainyam upayogapradamaaya enthum bhakshikkukayum shekharikkukayum bakkiyullava nashippichu kathikkarinja mannu srishtikkukayum cheiyunnu, athesamayam pinthudarunnayaalkku sainyathekkaal vegathayulla oru vitharana samghadanayumaayi ellaam konduvarendathundu. moscoyil ninnu polandilekku thudarchayaayi pinvaangumbol grande armi kuttusov thante pradhana sainyathodoppam neppoliyane nerittu pinthudarunnathu ozhivaakki. kuttusov thekk bhaagathe kedupaadukal sambhavikkatha pradeshangalile samanthara roadukalil grand army samrakshichu, angane thante sainyathinte valiyoru bhagam rakshapettu.
janangalude yuddham.
spain.
1808 meyy meyy maadridinte praanthapradeshathu doses dii maayo kalapam nadannu. nepolian sainyathinte nagaram adhiniveshathinethire madridile janangal nadatthiya oru kalapamaayirunnu ithu, madridile nivaasikalkk thalappavu dharichu valanja skimittaarukal upayogichu pooraadunnathinu nepolian saamraajyathva gaardinte maamelookkukal upayogichu franch saamraajyathva senayude adichamarthalinu ithu kaaranamaayi, angane musleem speyininte oormmakalkku ithu kaaranamaayi.
russia.
russia desasneha yudhathil, lefttanant-kenal denis davidov thante general piottar bagressionode neppoliyante adhinivesha grand aarmiyude supply trainukale oru cheria seena upayogichu akramikkaan nirddeshichu. russian karshakarude pinthuna urappakkunnathinaayi karshaka vasthrangalum thaadiyum dharichu grand aarmiyude pinbhaagathu oru prathyeka kamandaayi addeham abhyarthichathupole aarambhichu. davidov pidicheduttha bhakshanavum franch aayudangalum karshakarkk nalkukayum oru janakeeyayudham engane nadathanamennu avare padippikkukayum cheythu.
garilla yuddham.
spain.
upadveep yudhathilaanu garilla enna vaakk kandupidichathu. garilla shailiyilulla pooraattamaayirunnu spanish sainyathinte ettavum phalapradamaaya thanthram. garilla poraalikal manushyarudeyum oorjjathinteyum vitharanathinteyum chelavu valare kuravaayathinaal dhaaraalam franch sainikare vishalamaaya pradeshathu kettiyittu.
russia.
davidovinte cheria sainyam franch mechil-paryaveshanangal, bhakshanam, kuthirakal, aayudangal, vedikkoppukal ennivayulla supply-trainukal enniva pidichedukkukayum russian thadavukaare mochippikkukayum franch kuthirakalum aayudangalum upayogichu sannadhapravarthakaraayi avare avarude raiding partyil samyojippikkukayum cheythu. eee pravartthanangal garilla yudhathinte oru himapatathinu kaaranamaayi.
parambaraagatha yuddham.
rando athiladhikamo samsthaanangal thammil thuranna ettumuttalil yudhakkala thanthrangal upayogichu nadathunna oru tharam yudhamaanu parambaraagatha yuddham. irubhaagathumulla sakthikal nannayi nirvachikkappettirikkunnu, praadhamikamaayi ethiraaliyude sainyathe lakshyamidunna aayudangal upayogichu pooraadunnu.
porchugal.
october 14 nuu mastishka yudhathil torres vedrakalude varikal parishodhicha sesham, avare akramikkaan kazhiyaathathra shaktharaanenn kandethiya maaseena shaityakaala kwartezhsilekku pinwangi. thante aalukalkk bhakshanam nashtappedukayum anglo-porchugees hitt aandu rann thanthrangalaal budhimuttappedukayum cheytha addehathinu pinvaangunnathinumbu pattinio rogamo moolam pidikkappettatho marichatho aaya 25,000 pere koodi nashtappettu. ithu oduvil porchugaline franch adhiniveshathil ninnu mochippichu.
spain.
garilla poraalikal vellingtoninteyum addehathinte anglo-porchugees sainyathinteyum parambaraagatha vijayangal sugamamaakki.
austriya.
oru valia yudhathil nepolian vyakthiparamayi paraajayappettath aaspern-nessling yudhamaayirunnu, kaaranam danube paalangal kanatha baarjukalaal murichumaattukayum avaa austriyakkaar aruviyilekku ozhuki ayakkukayum angane neppoliyante vitharana line nasippikkukayum cheythu.
russia.
russiayil vachu vachu pere nepolian nashtappedutthi. 
ennaal yudhangalil report cheyyappetta nashtangalude thuka 175.000 maathramaan.
jarmmani france spain.
1813ll sakhyakakshikal srishticha prachaarana thanthramaayirunnu trachenberg padhathi. nepolian sainyavumayulla nerittulla edapedal ozhivaakkanamenn padhathi vaadichu. sakhyakakshikal neppoliyante marshalukalumaayi vevvere edapazhakaanum paraajayappedutthaanum padhathiyittu, angane addehathinu paraajayappeduthaan polum kazhiyaatha oru valia senaye avar kettippadukkumbol addehathinte sainyathe durbalapedutthi.
waterloo.
 waterloovil vellingtante sthaanam sakthamaaya prathirodhamaayirunnu. kizhakk-padinjaaru bhaagathekku neelamulla oru malancherivu ithil ulppettirunnu. malancherivinte mukalbhaagathukoodi aazhathilulla mungiya paatha kadannupoyi. vellington thante kaalalppadaye ridjinte mukalbhaagathinu thottupinnilulla oru variyil vinyasichu. upadveep yudhathil palathavana cheythathupole, ethir charivu upayogichu, vellington thante ettumuttalukalum peerankikalum ozhike neppoliyanil ninnu thante shakti marachu. malancherivinu munnil moonnu sthaanangal kottakettiyirunnu. ettavum valathuvashath hougaumondu (phaam house) undaayirunnu. veedu vitharanam cheyyaan kazhiyunna mungiya, moodappetta paathayiloode vadakkott abhimukeekarikkunnu. ettavum idathuvashathu papalot kugramamundaayirunnu. vellingtoninte sthaanathekku sainyathe ayaykkaan prashyakkaar upayogikkunna vazhikal thirikkanum papalot utharavittu. vellington laininte backie bhaagathinu munnil laa haay seyintheyude phaam house undaayirunnu. roadinte ethirvashathu upayogashoonyamaaya oru manal kwari undaayirunnu, avide 95-aamathe raifilukal sharp shoottarukalaayi vinyasichirunnu. vellington senayude sthaanam eathoru aakramana senaykkum sakthamaaya velluvili uyarthi.
swaadheenam.
porchugal.
maasenayude prachaaranatthinu kuranjathu 25,000 purushanmaarengilum chelavazhichu. 1810ll kathikkarinja bhoomi nayatthinte falamaayi 50,000 porchugees karshakar pattini kidannu marichu.
± 65,000 purushanmaar.
1810 septambar 27: marshell masena thante 65,000 sakthamaaya sainyavumayi (ell 'armi dii porchugal) thante akramanam aarambhichu.
61, 000 purushanmaaraan vedraakkal.
1810 october 11: bucaco yudhathil 4,000 perkku nashtamaaya sesham, 61,000 aalukalumayi masena torres vedraasilethi.
40, 000 purushanmaarkk bhakshanam nalkunnu.
1811 meyy 3:1811 eprilil addeham spainilekku madangukayum fuentus dii onoro yuddham cheiyunnathinumumbu, pattini, gurutharamaaya asukham, rogam enniva moolam 21,000 pere koodi addehathinu nashtappettu. iberian upadveep ithuvare kandittullathil vachu ettavum thanuppulla shaithyakaalangalilonn anubhavichathinaal naashanashtangalkk oru sahayavum labhichilla.
spain.
upadveep yudhathil nepolian kuranjathu 91,000 pere yudhathil nashtappedutthukayum 237,000 perkku parikkelkkukayum cheythu. rogam, apakadam, ksheenam ennivayaal marichavar ulppede, franch maranasamkhya 180,000-240,000-nuu idayilaayirikkaam.
russia.
russian fabian thanthram moolamundaakunna sainikarude ennam kanakkakkaan, franch srothassukale adisthaanamaakkiyulla minaardinte bhoopadatthil ninnu ekadesham eduthathaanu. pilkkala ditaachmentukal thudakkam muthal avar athu upekshikkunnathuvare pradhana sainyathil ninnu kuraykkunnu. oduvil phalangal 10,000-nte gunithamaayi raundu cheiyunnu. athuvazhi nashtam vilayiruthunnathin samkhyakal parasparam thaarathamyappeduthunnu. eee thiruthal moolamaanu nepolian aarambhichath, minaardinte bhoopadam anusarichu ±422,000 peralla, ±340,000 perumaayaan. thalakkettukalile franch sainikarude ennam 5,000 ll thaazhe sainikarumaayi russia vittupoya grande aarmiyude neppoliyante bhaagath attrishan yudhathinte swaadheenathekkurichulla oru anubhavam maathrame nalkoo.
avar 340,000 purushanmaaraan.
26 juun 1812, moonnaamathe bullattin pradhaanamaayum maavu, brandy, bisket enniva adangiya vilna vareyulla sainikarkkulla bhakshanathinte jalagathagathathe adisthaanamaakkiyulla logistiksinte pinthunayode grand armi neman nadhi kadannirunnu.
manushyarkkum kuthirakalkkumulla jalagathagatham kendramaayi samghadippikkappettirunna. koodaathe, venalkkaalath adhinivesham aarambhichathinal, vilaveduppinaayi thayyaraya vayalukalil ninnu kuthirakalkk sainyam kaalitheetta nalkanam.
3, 330, 000 purushanmaar.
1812 juun 30, naalam bullattin russian sainyam swantham maasikakalkk theeyitt russiayude ulpradeshathekku kizhakode pinvaangukayaayirunnu. avar valia yudhangal ozhivaakki.
1812 juulai 6, anchaam bullattin russian sainyam swantham maasikakalkk theeyitt kizhakode pinvaangukayaayirunnu. kaalavastha kadutha choodil ninnu valare kadinamaaya thanuppilekku maari kanatha mazhayum idiminnalodu koodiyum maari. vilna vitharanathinulla franch aditharayaakkukayum bheeman maasikakal srishtikkukayum nadikalkku mukalilulla bottukal upayogichu niraykkukayum cheythu.
1812 juulai 11, aaram bullattin franch sainyam russian sainyathe pinthudaraan nirbandhitha maarchukal nadatthi. choodu akramaasakthamaanennu thonni.
1812 juulai 16, ezhaam bullattin bottukal upayogichulla franch vitharanam valare nannayi pravarthichu. swantham maasikakalkk theeyitt russian sainyam kizhakode pinvaangukayaayirunnu.
oru pavapetta graamapradeshathiloode kadannupokunnathinaal kuthirakalkk vendathra gunanilavaaramulla kaalitheetta kandethaan kazhiyaathathinal kuthirakalkk bhakshanam nalkukayaayirunnu franch sainyathinte aadyathe pradhana prashnam. thalphalamaayi gathaagathathinu upayogikkunna kuthirakal ulppede aayirakkanakkin kuthirakal marikkukayum angane vitharana yoonittukalude sheshi kurayukayum cheythu.
nepolian kanakkiledukkaatha vilna muthal munnottulla rodukalude gunanilavaaramaayirunnu randaamathe pradhana prashnam. mosham roadukal cheliyaayi maarukayum vitharana trainukalude vegatha kuraykkukayum cheythu. vitharana trainukalude vegatha marching sainyathekkaal kooduthalaayirunnathinal, mosham roadukalum kuthirakalude ennam kurayunnathum kaaranam vilnayil ninnu munnerunna sainikarilekkulla gathagatham eathaandu thakarnnu.
moonnaamathe pradhana prashnam, franch sainikar malinamaaya theruvukalil ninnu labhyamaya ellah vellavum kudichathinaal sainikarum vayarilakkam polulla jalajanya rogangalaal rogabaadhitharaayi, vitharana trainukalkku vendathra vegathil athicheraan kazhiyaathathinal athu shudheekarikkaan brandy avasheshikkunnilla. vardhichuvarunna choodinum druthagathiyilulla maarchukalkkum sainikarkkum kuthirakalkum kooduthal vellam aavashyamaayirunnu. 
glouboko ±280,000 purushanmaar.
1812 juulai 23, ettaam bullattin russian sainyam avarude saadhanangal kathichu pinwangi. vishalamaaya konventukalulla gramapradesham manoharamaayirunnu. avaril randuperum 2,400 rogikalaaya franch sainikarumaan.
neppoliyante naalaamathe pradhana prashnam vitharanamillathe athijeevikkaan aavashyamaaya addehathinte sainikarude mechil paryaveshanangalaayirunnu. iva upekshikkaan thikachum anuyojyamaayirunnu, koodaathe grande aarmiyude nashtam kooduthal vardhippichu.
bechenkovsky ±220,000 purushanmaar.
1812 juulai 25, onpathaam bullattin franch sainyam russian sainyathe kizhakode pinthudarukayaayirunnu.
grand aarmiyude mechil paryaveshanangalum ippol vardhichuvarunna niyamavirudhamaaya marubhoomikalum oru nishkarunam janakeeya yudhathinu vaikaarika adithara thayyarakkunna pavapetta karshakarude vidvesham vardhippichu. pinvaangunna russian sainyavum randaam thavanayum gaardineppolulla avarude swantham pramukha franch sainyavum ithinakam nashippichirunna bhoomiyil thamasikkaan cheruppakkaarum anubhavaparichayamillaathavaru nirbandhitha sainikare upayogichirunnilla. avar rogabaadhitharaayi, upekshikkappettu, pattiniyilayi.
190, 000 purushanmaar.
1812 juulai 31-nuu patthaam bullattin whitepsk pidichedukkukayum maasikakal nalkukayum aashupathrikal samghadippikkukayum cheythu.
4 august 1812,11-aamm bullattin grand army nepolian jalasamadhaanathinaayi ayachu. choodu amithamaayirunnu.
1812 august 7, panthrandaam bullattin patthu divasathe vishramam sainikareyum avarude kuthirakaleyum angeyattam sahayichu. vilaveduppu gambheeramaayirunnu.
160, 000 purushanmaar.
1812 august 21,13-aamm bullattin russian sainyam kathunna smollensk upekshichu kizhakode pinwangi.
1812 august 23,14-aamm bullattin choodu amithamaayirunnu. bhakshanathinum meikkaanumulla valia vibhavangalulla sambannamaaya vayalukalaal chuttapetta moonnaamathe vitharana kendramaayi smollensk maari. russiakkaar moshamaayi aayudhadhaarikalaaya karshakarude oru sainyathe uyarthi. choodu amithamaayirunnu
staavkovo ±140,000 purushanmaar.
1812 august 27,15-aamm bullattin russian sainyam viramikkumbol paalangal kathikkukayum roadukal nasippikkukayum cheythu. choodu valare kooduthalaayirunnathinal oru maasamaayi mazha peythirunnilla.
shathruvinodu pooraadaathe sthiramaayi pinvaangunnathiloode russian chakravarty, prabhukkanmaar, sainyam, janangal ennivarude aathmavishwaasam barclake nashtappettathinaal mikhaayel kuttusovine russian sainyathinte commander-inn-cheefaayi niyamichu. 67 vayassulla kuttusov neppoliyane marikadakkaan sramikkum.
vayasma ±135,000 purushanmaar.
1812 august 31,16-aamm bullattin cheria mazha peythirunnu, 1812 october 10 vare kaalavastha nallathayi kanakkaakkappettirunnu.
130, 000 purushanmaar.
1812 septambar 3,17-aamm bullattin bhakshanavum vellavum inii oru prasnamaayirunnilla.
thante mungami krithyamaayi angane cheythathinu purathaakkiyennu manassil vachukondu kizhakode pinwangan anuvadikkaathathinaal kuttusov audyogikamaayi kizhakode oru yudhakkalathil thirachil nadatthi. russian sainyathe kizhakode pinthudarendivannathinal oru poraattavumillaathe franch sainikarude ennam kramanugathamaayi kurayukayaayirunnu.
mojaisk ± 100,000 purushanmaar.
1812 septambar 10,1812,18-aamm bullattin borodino yudhathil parajayappettathinushesham russian sainyam grande armic vendi moscoyilekkulla vazhi thurannu.
kuttusovinte sainyam paraajayappettenkilum nasippikkappedaathinaal addeham oru vijayam report cheyyukayum neppoliyante pinvaangalinaayi kaathirikkunnathinaayi philiyile kaunsilinu sesham tharuthinoykkaduthulla moscoyude thekk bhaagathekku pinvaangukayum cheythu. addeham kosaakkukalude garilla yudhavum karshakarude janayudhavum vardhippikkukayum franch sainyathe pathukke durbalappeduthukayum cheythu. moscoyude sambannamaaya thekk bhaagathuninnulla manushyar, kuthirakal, aayudangal, vedikkoppukal, bhakshanam, kaalitheetta, vellam, choodulla vasthrangal, boottukal enniva upayogichu addehathinte swantham sainyam shakthippeduthi. russiayil pathivupole kuthirakal vyaja kolkkin shoos aayirunnu.
mosco ≤100,000 purushanmaar.
1812 septambar 16,19-aamm bullattin russian govarnor feoder rostoppichn ellah agnishamana senaamgangaleyum agnishamana enchinukalode ayakkukayum septambar 14 nuu moscoic theeyidan utharavidukayum cheythu.
1812 septambar 17,20-aamm bullattin 80 sathamaanam veedukalum maram kondaanu nirmmichathennathinaal oru akramasakthamaaya kaatt valare vegathil thee padartthi. dhaaraalam maasikakal katthi nashichenkilum mikka nilavarakalum theepidutthatthil sparshikkappedaathe kidannu. wine, brandy, bhakshanam ennivayude samriddhiyode franch sainyam vishapp, daaham, ananthamaaya maarchukal ennivayil ninnu karakayarukayaayirunnu. kuthirakalkk vendathra kaalitheetta labhikkathathinaal avayude ennam kuranju. sharathkaalathe thaapanilayayirunnu. shaithyakaalathinaayi sainikar niravadhi romangal kandethi.
1812 septambar 20,21-aamm bullattin kurachu divasangalkku sesham theepiduttham shamichu, pakshe nagaratthinte 75 sathamaanavum katthi. mazhakkaalamayirunnu.
1812 septambar 27,22-aamm bullattin aadyathe manju prathyakshappettu. paareesil october avasaanathodanubandhichaayinu kaalavastha. november pakuthi vare nadikal maravippikkillenn franch sainyathin urappu nalki.
1812 october 9,23-aamm bullattin paareesinekkaal choodaanu suuryanu anubhavappettath.
1812 october 14,24-aamm bullattin kaalavastha valare mikachathaayirunnu. aadyathe manju veenu. 20 divasathinullil shaityakaala kwartezhsiletthanamenna franch sainyam kanakkakki. 
ellah franch sainikarkkum romangalum kanatha boottukalum samghadithamaayi vitharanam cheythitilla. iced aaya rodukaliloode nadakkaan praapthamaakkunnathin parichayasambannaraaya poolish kuthirappadaykku purame ellah kuthirakalkum grand armi colcained shoos nirmmichilla.
moscoyil ninnu smollensk, minsk, mohilof ennividangalilekku parikketta franchukaarude gathagatham aarambhichu.
grand aarmiyude supply trainukalkkethiraaya kosaakkukalude garilla yudhavum franch chaaratthinethiraaya janakeeya yudhavum theevramaayi.
thangalude vishudha nagaramaya mosco franchukaar kathichathaayi karshakare padippichu. koodaathe, nepolian sabhakale samghadithamaayi kollayadichu avaye apavarthippeduthi. russian karshakarodulla vidvesham kooduthal vardhichu.
noilsko ± 90,000 purushanmaar.
20 october 1812,25-aamm bullattin irupathu divasathekku bisket chuttedukkaan sainyathin utharavukal labhichu, oduvil nepolian 1812 october 19 nuu mosco vittu. cremlin athu pottikkaan khananam cheythu. kaalavastha valare nallathaayirunnu.
pinthudaraan kazhiyaatha russian thadavukaare vedivachu konnu, ithu russian janathayude vidvesham kooduthal vardhippichu.
borosk ≤90,000 purushanmaar.
1812 october 23,26-aamm bullattin citadalum sainika sthaapanavum nasippikkaan nepolian utharavittu. grand armi ippol moscoyude sambannamaaya thekkott march cheiyukayaayirunnu. kaalavastha valare nallathaayirunnu.
kuttusov addehathinte russian sainyavum kalugayilekkulla vazhiyil kaathirikkukayaayirunnu.
80, 000 purushanmaar.
1812 october 27,27-aamm bullattin russia sambandhichidatholam athu sharathkaalathinte avasaanamaayirunnu. grande armi maloyaroslavetts yudhathil vijayikkukayum raathriyil russian sainyam pinvaangukayum cheythu. ennaal thekkott march cheiyunnathil ninnu pinnott tiriyanum pakaram vadakkupadinjaaran dishayilekku nadakkaanum nepolian theerumaanichu.
minaardinte bhoopadatthil nepolian oru vichitramaaya vazhithirivu srishtichu. moscoyilekkulla vazhiyil thante swantham grand armi upayogapradamaaya enthum vrithiyaakkiya smolenskilekkulla roadle athunnathuvare vazhithirichuvidal rund divasam vaikippichu. kaalathamasam kaaranam moscoyil ninnu avar avarodoppam kondupoya bhakshanam eathaandu theernnu.
40, 000 purushanmaar.
1812 november 11,28-aamm bullattin 1812 november 7-nuu russian shaithyakaalam manjukondu nilam moodithudangi. roadukal valare vazhuvazhupullathum kolkkin shoos illaatha kuthirakalkk apakadakaravumaayirunnu. romangalum bharameriya boottukalum bhakshanavum illaatha, ennaal kollayadikkappettirunna niravadhi sainikar thanuppum ksheenavum moolam marikkukayum oru samrakshana koodaaramillaatha saadhaarana ratri bivovac oru marana keniyaayi maarukayum cheythu. theepidikkaanaayi kudilukal kathichirunnu. franch sainyam urangunnathu polum manappoorvvam thadayunna reethiyil kosaakkukal mikkavarum ellah cheria yoonittukaleyum aakramichu.
karshakar dhaaraalam samghangale, chilappol krooramaaya reethikalil, konnu. vitharanam labhyamallathathinaal dhaaraalam franch sainikar pattini kidannu marichu, karshakarum takarnna bhooprakrithiyil enthengilum kandethaan valia dooram sanjarikkendivannathil theetta valare apakadakaramaayirunnu. franch bharanakoodavum oduvil thakarnnappol, franch striglerukal bhakshanathinaayi smollenskill pooraadukayum swantham maasikakal kollayadikkukayum nettathekkaal kooduthal nasippikkukayum cheythu.
5, 000 purushanmaar.
1812 desember 3,29-aamm bullattin 
oraazhchaykk sesham thanupp freesing pooyintil ninnu 20 digri selshyasayi uyarnnu. roadukal manjumoodukayum 30,000-thiladhikam kuthirakal chatthu pookukayum cheythu. graant armi peeranki, vedikkoppukal, saadhanangal ennivayude valiyoru bhagam upekshichu nashippichu.
kosaakkukalum karshakarum anjjaatharaaya otappetta niravadhi aalukale kollukayo thadavilaakkukayo cheythirunnu. minaardinte bhoopadatthil ditaachmentukal thirichuvarikayum franch sainikarude ennam kurachukaalathekku vardhippikkukayum cheythu. eee samkhyakal ippol kaunooyile thudakkathil undaayirunnathupole shariyaayi kurachaal, sheshikkunna sainikarude sariyaaya ennam 5,000 ll thazheyaayirikkum. grande aarmiyile neppoliyante bhagam attrishan yudhathaal nasippikkappettu.
sangraham.
russia.
nepoliyanum addehathinte mahathaaya sainyavum munnott pookumbool bhoomiyum avidatthe nivaasikalum kollayadichu. jarmmani, itali, austriya ennee janasaandrathayulla samsthaanangalil eee thanthram phalapradamaayirunnu, avarude kaarshika sambannamaaya bhoomiyil nannayi vikasippicha pakka rodukalude shringalayum undaayirunnu, ennirunnaalum spainileyum porchugalileyum upadveep yudhathil eee thanthrathinu vijayam kuravaayirunnu. russiayile janasandrata kuranja pradeshangalil bhakshanathinteyum vellathinteyum abhavavum kadutha thapanilayum rashyakkaarude kathikkarinja bhouma thanthravum nepolian avaganicha oru duranthatthilekku nayichu. vitharana trainukalkkethiraaya kosaakkukalude garilla yuddham niravadhi sainikarum avarude kuthirakalum malinamaaya srothassukalil ninnu bhakshikkanum kudikkanum nirbandhitharaakukayum aayirakkanakkin rogangalkk vidheyamaakkukayum cheythathinaal avarude maranathilekku parokshamaayi nayichu. oru kuthirayude ration oru manushyante oru kuthirayude pathiratti bharamullathinaal supply trainukaliloode dhaaraalam kuthirakalkk bhakshanam nalkunnathu akkaalat asaadhyamaayirunnu. krooramaaya oru janakeeyayudhathinethire daridrareyum takarnna russian graamapradeshangaleyum vettayaadunnathiloode aavashyamaaya valia alavil saadhanangal samaharikkaan sainyathin kazhinjilla.
sivilian nashtam.
russia.
mosco, smollensk, niravadhi cheria pattanangalum graamangalum prathyekichum grand aarmiyude pathayil neppoliyante utharavanusarichu pinvaangumbol kathichirunnu. moscoyile theepidittham moolam 100,000 russian purushanmaarum sthreekalum kuttikalum kattil marichathaayi nepolian thanne thante ormmakkurippukalil avakashappettu.
motham araa dasalaksham saadhaaranakkaar kollappettathayi kanakkaakkappedunnu.

