
jii. echu (degraph)

pala bhaashakalilum kaanapedunna oru degraph aanu jii. echu.
laattin adisthaanamaakkiyulla oorthoograafikalil.
jarmman bhashakal.
engleesh.
engleeshil charitraparamaayi prathinidheekarichirikkunnu (scotish gaelic padatthilennapole shabdamillaatha velar frecative), ippozhum "loaf", mattu chila hiberno-engleesh vaakkukal, prathyekichu sariyaaya namangal ennivayil cheiyunnu. aadhunika engleeshinte prabalamaaya bhaashaabhedangalil, mikkavarum ellaayppozhum nishabdamo ucharikkappedunnatho aanu (aug kaanuka). aprathyakshamaakunnathin munbu, shabdam bhaagikamaayo poornnamaayo shabdamundaakkiyathaayi karuthappedunnu, ithu puthiya aksharavinyaasathe vishadeekarikkum-pazhaya engleesh lalithamaayi upayogichu-koodaathe munbathe eathenkilum swaraaksharathinte defthomjaisation.
pathonpathaam noottaandinte avasaanathil yorkshare-lancashire athirthiyilum scotish athirthikkaduthumaayidu ithu ucharikkappettathenn alexander joonn ellis report cheythu.
edinburghilum keiglyilum pole idaykkide ithu ucharikkappedunnu.
engleeshil oru vaakkinte thudakkathil gh undaakumbol, athu "pretham", "bhayanakam", "ghol", "ghetto", "neyyu" muthalaayavayil ucharikkappedunnu. eee saahacharyathil, athu oru mungamiyil ninnu uruthirinjathalla.
american saahitya brailic degraphinaayi oru prathyeka sell paatten undu (dotts 126, ′).
madhya dutch.
madhya duchill, palappozhum munbu,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, eee upayogam ghent polulla sthalanaamathil nilanilkkunnu. 
(madhya engleeshil ninnu) ulla engleesh padamaaya "pretham" ennathinte spellingine madhya dutch spelling (aadhunika dutch) swaadheenichittundaakam.
laattin bhashakal.
itaaliyan, romanian bhashakalil, munbum munbum (shabdamullah velar plossive) prathinidheekarikkunnu. esperanto oorthoograafiyil, (allengil) kaanathe varumbol upayogikkaam, ithu prathinidheekarikkunnu. galeeshyanil, ghedayude uchaaranathe prathinideekarikkaan ithu palappozhum upayogikkunnu.
airish.
airish bhashayil, (voised velar frecative), (voised paalattal ekadesha kanakk) ennivaye prathinidheekarikkunnu. vaakk-thudakkathil ithu lenitione prathinidheekarikkunnu, udaaharanathinu 'ente thaadiyellu' ('thaadiyellu' thaarathamyam cheyyuka).
jooh hohn.
juhovanil, ithu prevoised aspirated velar ploseevinaayi upayogikkunnu.
maleshya.
malaysian, indoneshyan aksharamalayile arabic uthbhava padangalil shabdamullah velar frecative () prathinideekarikkaan ithu upayogikkunnu.
malties.
malties bhaashaykk oru anubandha degraph undu. ithu "g γajn" ennu vilikkunna orotta aksharamaayi kanakkaakkappedunnu (kanninum vasanthathinum ore vaakk, anubandha arabic aksharamaaya ayanin perittirikkunnu). ithu saadhaaranayaayi nishabdamaanu, pakshe ithu ulppeduthendathu aavasyamaanu, kaaranam ithu ayal aksharangalude uchaaranathe maattunnu, saadhaaranayaayi thudarnnulla svaraaksharangalude neelam koottunnu. oru vaakkinte avasaanam, oru apostrophy upayogichu maattisthaapikkappedaathu, athu ucharikkappedunnu. athinaal athinte pravartthanam aadhunika engleesh "gh" ll ninnu vyathyasthamalla, engleesh pathipp malties "g γ" ("g γajn" engleeshil ezhuthiyaal "ign" poleyaayirikkum) ennathilupari svaraaksharangalkku sheshamaan varunnath.
swahili.
roman swahili aksharamalayil, arabic uthbhava padangalil shabdamullah velar frecative () prathinideekarikkaan upayogikkunnu.
tlingit.
kaanadayil tlingit prathinidheekarikkunnu, ithu alaskayil ezhuthappettirikkunnu.
thaayvaanile.
daigi tongiong pingim, munbu,,,,,,, ennivaykku munbu (shabdamullah velar stopp) prathinidheekarikkunnu.
uyigur.
uyigur laattin lipiyil, gh prathinidheekarikkunnu.
vietnaamees.
vietnaamees aksharamalayil, munbu prathinidheekarikkunnu,,.
romanvalkkaranathil.
vividha bhaashakalude romanvalkkaranathil, saadhaaranayaayi voised velar frecative () prathinidheekarikkunnu. pala kokkeshyan, thaddesheeya american bhaashakalilethupole, ithu farrinchalised aayirikkam.
samskritham, hindi thudangiya intho-aaryan bhaashakalude traanscriptionukalilum avayude poorvvikanaaya proto-indo-europian, shabdamullah velar aspirated plossive (palappozhum breethi allengil pirupirukkunna shabdamullah velar plossive ennu vilikkunnu) prathinidheekarikkunnu.
ukraine deseeya lipyantharana samvidaanam mattoru degraphinte saannidhyam ozhivakkaan upayogikkunnu, ithu saadhaaranayaayi mattoru tharam phoneminu upayogikkunnu. ukrainiyan bhashayil "paaykk" (mrugangalude oru koottam) enna vaakk, uddeshichathaayi thettayi vyaakhyaanikkaavunna, shraiya ennathinekkaal shgraya (shgraya) ennu romanvalkkarikkappedum. ukrainiyan lipyantharana nilavaaram (adisthaanamaakki) saadhaarana ukrainiyan aksharamaaya g (glottel frecative,) prathinideekarikkaan upayogikkunnu.