
huldrich swingleyude daivashaasthram

baibilinte vyaakhyaanathe adisthaanamaakkiyulla alrichu swingleyude daivashaasthram, thiruvezhuthine daivathinte prachoditha vachanamaayi edukkukayum ecumenical kaunsilukal, sabhaa pithakkanmaar thudangiya manushya srothassukaleppole addeham kandathinekkaal uyarnna adikaaram nalkukayum cheythu. canonical suvisheshangalile vyathyaasangal shradhichukondu prachodanatthinullile manushya gadakatheyum addeham thiricharinju. 1560kalil swingleyude pingamiyaaya heinrich bullinger prakhyaapicha randaamathe helvetic kuttasammatham adisthaanamaakkiyulla parishkaricha kuttasammatham aanu swinglionism.
snapanathekkurichulla swingleyude kaazhchappaadukal pradhaanamaayum shishuvinte snaapanathe akramicha anaabaapttisathodulla prathikaranamaayirunnu. daivam abrahaamumaayi oru udambadi cheythathupole shishyanmaarumaayum daivavumaayumulla oru kristhyan udambadiyude adayaalamaayi addeham kuttikalude snaapanathe prathirodhichu.
traansbstaanteshan enna catholica sidhaantham addeham nishedhikkukayum cornelius henrisi honeh pinthudarukayum cheythukondu, sthaapanathinte appavum veenjum aksharaarthatthil yeshukristhuvinte shareeravum rakthavumayi maarunnillennum soochippikkunnuvennum addeham sammathichu. martin lutherumaayulla swingleyude abhiprayavyathyaasangal rund protestant nethaakkalkkidayil aikyam konduvarunnathil marberg samsaarathinte paraajayathinu kaaranamaayi.
daivika anumathiyode samsthaanam bharikkunnuvennu swingley vishwasichirunnu. sabayum bharanakoodavum daivathinte paramadhikaara bharanathin keezhilaanennu addeham vishwasichu. kristhyaanikal sarkkaarine anusarikkaan baadhyastharaayirunnu, ennaal adhikaarikal daivathinte ishtathinu virudhamaayi pravarthikkukayaanenkil sivil anusaranakkedu anuvadichirunnu. rajavaazhchayeyo janaadhipathya bharanatheyokkaal prabhukkanmaarkk munganana nalkunnathinekkurichu addeham vivarichu.
thiruvezhuthu.
oru parishkarthaavenna nilayil swingleyude pravarthanangalil baibil kendrasthaanathaanu, koodaathe addehathinte daivashaasthrathinte vikasanathil nirnaayakavumaan. swingley thante rachanakalil nirantharam thiruvezhuthukal abhyarthichu. aarkketalees" (1522), "daivavachanathinte vyakthathayum urappum" (1522) thudangiya addehathinte aadyakaala rachanakalil ithu shakthamayi prakadamaanu. manushyan nunayanaanennum daivam maathramaan sathyam ennum addeham vishwasichu. daivavachanamenna nilayil, avane sambandhichidatholam, thettinte iruttu maathram ullappol thiruvezhuthu prakasham nalkunnu.
kaunsilukal, sabhaa pithakkanmaar, school vidyaarthikal, poppukal ennivar ulppedunna sabhayodulla avarude abhyarthanaye prathirodhikkunnathinaayi suvingli thudakkathil catholica athiraalikalkkethire vedagrandhangal abhyarthichu. addehathe sambandhichidatholam, eee adhikaarikal manushyane adisthaanamaakkiyullathum thettukalkk vidheyavumaan. pithakkanmaar daivavachanathinu vazhanganam, allathe pithaakkanmaarod daivavachanathinalla" ennu addeham abhiprayappettu. daivavachanam upayogikkanamenna addehathinte nirbandham thante vaadangalil sabhakaleyo sabhaa pithaakkanmareyo upayogikkunnathilninn addehathe thadanjilla. addeham avarkk swathanthramaaya oru adikaaravum nalkiyillengilum thaan pulartthiyirunna kaazhchappaadukal thante maathram abhipraayamallenn kaanikkan avaa upayogichu.
daivamo parishudhaathmaavo rachayithaavaanenna ashayam, thiruvezhuthukalude prachodanam, swingley nissaaramaayi eduthittundu. prachodanathekkurichulla addehathinte veekshanam yaanthrikamaayirunnil, canonical suvisheshangalile vyathyaasangal shradhichukondu addeham thante vyaakhyaanangalile manushya gadakathe thiricharinju. apraamaanika pusthakangale addeham canonical aayi amgeekarichilla. martin lutherineppole, swingley sent joninte velippeduthaline uyarnna nilayil pariganichilla, koodaathe "canoninullile canon" sweekarikkukayum cheythilla, pakshe addeham thiruvezhuthukal mothatthil sweekarichu.
snaapanamuzhakkam.
snapanathekkurichulla swingleyude kaazhchappaadukal pradhaanamaayum anaabaapttistukalumaayu addehathinte samghattanathilaanu veroonniyirikkunnathu, avarude vishwaasangalil shishukkalude snaapanathe nirasikkunnathum konraad grebelinteyum felix maansinteyum neethrthwathe kendreekarichullathum ulppedunnu. 1523 octoberil, randaamathe suurik tharkkathinidayil eee vishayathekkurichulla vivaadam pottippurappedukayum shishuvinte snaapanathinte aavashyakathayekkurichum punar snaapanathin aavashyamillenna thante vishwaasathekkurichum swingley shakthamayi vaadichu. snaapanavum punarsnaanavum shishuvinte snaapanavum" (1525), "hubbairinu marupadi" (1525), "nishedham" (1527), "snaapanathinte koodaashayekkurichulla chodyangal" (1530) ennivayaanu eee vishayathekkurichulla addehathinte pradhana kruthikal.
snaapanavum punasbapthisavum shishuvinte snaapanavum" enna kruthiyil swingley catholica, anabaptist sthaanangalumaayulla thante abhiprayavyathyaasangal vishadeekarichu. anaabaptistukal daivavachanathil cherkkunnuvenn addeham aaropikkukayum shishuvinte snaapanathe nirodhikkunna oru niyamavumillennu abhipraayappedukayum cheythu. snapanajalam paapathe kazhuki kalayaanaakumenn nishedhikkunnathiloode addeham katholikkare velluvilichu. snaapanathe oru prathinjayo vaagdaanamo aayi swingley manassilaakkiyenkilum paapamillathe jeevikkanulla prathijnjayaanenna anabeptist nilapaadil addeham tharkkikkukayum atharam prathinjja niyamavaadatthinte kaapatyam thirike konduvarunnuvennu abhipraayappedukayum cheythu. aathmaavine sweekarikkukayum paapamillathe jeevikkaan kazhiyukayum cheythavar maathramaan snaapanathil pankedukkaan yogyaraaya vyakthikal ennu addeham avarude kaazhchappaadin ethire vaadichu. athesamayam, punarjanmathinu vedagrandhangalil oru pinthunayumillennu addeham urappichu paranju. kristhu kuttikale snaanappeduthiyittil athupole kristhyaanikal avarude kuttikale snaanappedutharuthennum anaabaaptistukal ethirthu. kazhinja athaazhathil sthreekal illaathirunnathinaal sthreekal koottaaymayil pankedukkaruthennu oru tharatthilulla tharkkam soochippikkumennu swingley prathikarichu. kuttikale snaapanamelppikkanamenna kalppana prathyekamaayi illaayirunnuvenkilum snaapanathinte aavasyakatha thiruvezhuthukalil vyakthamaayi prasthaavichittundu. yadhaartha paapathekkurichulla oru prathyeka charchayil, swingley yadhaartha kuttabodham nishedhikkunnu. oru kristhyan maathaapithaakkalude makkal vishudharaanennum athinaal avar daivaputhranmaaril kanakkaakkappedunnuvennum parayunna 1 korinthyare addeham paraamarsikkunnu. sisukkalkku snaapanamelkkanam, kaaranam oru pally oru snaapanavum maathrameyulloo, bhagikamaaya pally bhagikamaaya snaapanavum allah.
hubbmairinu marupadi" enna rekhayude aadya bhagam, snapanathekkurichulla baltasar habbmeyarinte nilapaadinu nereyulla aakramanamaan. swingley swantham kaazhchappaadukale prathirodhikkunna randaam bhagam addehathinte snapana sidhaanthathile kooduthal vikasanam prakadamaakkunnu. snaapanathe kevalam oru prathijnjayennathilupari, daivavumaayulla nammude udambadiyude adayaalamaayaanu addeham snaapanathe visheshippikkunnathu. koodaathe, daivam abrahaamumaayi undakkiya udambadiyumaayi addeham eee udambadiye bandhappeduthunnu. parichhedana abrahamumaayulla daivathinte udambadiyude adayaalamaayathinaal, snaapanamaan kristhyaanikalumaayulla addehathinte udambadiyude adayaalam. oru nishedhathil" addeham parayunnu,
pazhaya niyamatthilennapole kristhyaanikalude makkal maathaapithaakkalekkaal daivathinte makkalekkaal ottum kurravalla. athinaal, avar daivaputhranmaraayathinaal, aaraan eee snaapanathe thadayuka? poorvvikarkkidayil parichhedana... njangalodoppam snaapanathin thulyamaayirunnu athu. 
addehathinte pilkkala rachanakal addehathinte adisthaana nilavaarangalil oru maattavum kanikkunnilla. swingleyude daivashaasthrathile mattu gadakangal snaapanamennath krupayude maarggamaanenno rakshaykk aavashyamaanenno nishedhikkaan addehathe nayikkum. shishuvinte snaapanathe addeham prathirodhichathu sabhaa raashtreeyathinte vishayam mathramalla, addehathinte muzhuvan daivashaasthravumaayum sabhayodulla addehathinte agadhamaaya ikyabodhavumaayum vyakthamaayi bandhappettirunnu.
divyakaarunyapravarthakan.
parishkaranatthil yookkarist oru pradhana vivaada kendramaayirunnu, kaaranam athu parishkaranavaadikalum sabayum thammilulla vyathyaasangal mathramalla, avar thammilulla vyathyaasangalum kendreekarichaayirunnu. swingley sambandhichidatholam athu daivathinte rakshayude daanathe manassilakkunnathinum sweekarikkunnathinum thadassamaaya oru sidhaanthathe akramikkunnathinulla oru kaaryamaayirunnu, athesamayam lutherine sambandhichidatholam aaa sammaanathe ulkkollunna oru sidhaanthathe prathirodhikkunathinulla oru kaaryamaayirunnu athu. oru parishkarthaavaakunnathinn munbu swingleyude divyakaarunya daivashaasthram enthaayirunnuvennu ariyilla, koodaathe purohithanenna nilayil addehathinte aadya kurachu varshangalil addehathinte kazhchappadukalekkurichu pandithanmarkkidayil abhipraayavyathyaasamund. bahujanabaliyekkurichulla "arupathezhu aarttikkilukalude" (1523) pathinettaam lekhanathil addeham athu thyaagatthinte smaarakamaanennu prasthaavikkunnu. lekhanangalude oru vivaranathil" (1523) addeham ithinekkurichu vishadeekarikkunnu.
ithaanu ente shareeram" enna sthaapana padangalil "ithaanu" ennu aadyam nirddeshichathinu dutch maanavikavaadiyaaya cornelius henrisi honine (honeus) swingley prashamsichu. 1524-ll hohn eee vyaakhyaanathodoppam baibil udaaharanangalodoppam athine pinthunaykkunnathinaayi swinglick oru kathu ayachu. kathu vaayichappol thanne pratheekathmaka veekshanam pulartthiyirunnuvennu swingley avakaashappettuvenkilum kathu swingleyude daivashaasthrathe engane baadhichuvennu parayaan kazhiyilla. lutherinte koottaaliyaaya mathyus alberinu ezhuthiya kathil addeham aadyamaayi "ardhamaakkunnu" enna vyaakhyaanam paraamarshichu. yohannan 6:63 upayogichu swingley traansbstaanteshan nishedhikkunnu, "jeevan nalkunnathu aathmaavaanu, maamsam prayojanappedunnilla", pinthunayaayi. vishwaasathinte praadhaanyathekkurichu andreas kaalstaadinte daaranaye addeham abhinandichu, ennaal "ithu" enna vaakk appathekkaal kristhuvinte sareeratheyaanu soochippikkunnathennu kaalstaadinte kaazhchappaad addeham nirasichu. mattu baibil bhaagangalum pithriswaamya srothassukalum upayogichu addeham "ardhamaakkunnu" enna vyaakhyaanathe nyaayeekarichu. divyakaarunya" (1525) enna pusthakatthil, thante saamudaayika aaraadhanaakramathinte aamukhathethudarnnu, appavum veenjum kristhuvinte shareeravum rakthavumayi maarunnu enna kazhchappadinum avaa shaareerikamaayi bhakshikkappedunnu enna kazhchappadinum ethire addeham thante daivashaasthrathinte vishadaamshangal avatharippichu.
1525ll swingley luther thammilulla samgharsham aarambhichuvenkilum 1527 vare swingley lutherumaayi nerittu edapazhakiyilla. 1529-leeii marberg samsaaramaayirunnu vivaadathinte paryavasanam. koodikkazhchayilekku nayikkunna naalu prathikaranangal addeham ezhuthi "oru souhrudaparamaaya vyaakhyaanam" (1527), "oru souhrudaparamaaya utharam" (1527), "swingleyude kristhyan marupadi" (1527), "lutherinte pusthakathinulla rund prathikaranangal" (1528). swingleyude swantham kaazhchappaad chittayayi avatharippikkunnathinupar avar lutherinte kaazhchappaad parishodhichu. addehathinte chila abhipraayangal moorchayullathum vimarshanaathmakavumaayirunnu, ennirunnaalum avaa orikkalum luther addehathodu paranjathupole kadinavum nishedhaathmakavumaayirunnu. ennirunnaalum, roman panniye konna herculese aaya goliyaathinethiraaya david, "suvisheshathinte aadya chaambyanmaaril oraal" ennum swingley lutherine vilichu. martin bassar johannes ookolaampaadiyasum divyakaarunya kaazhchappaadukalude anuranjanathil sradhikkunnathinaal swingleye swaadheenichirikkaam.
kristhuvinte shareerathinte shaareerikabhakshanathil rakshayude pradhana pooyint" luther nalkunnu ennathaanu swingleyude pradhana prashnam. vishwaasathe shakthippeduthunnathaayum papangal illaathaakkunnathaayum luther eee pravartthanatthe kandu. ennirunnaalum, ithu vishwaasathekkurichulla swingleyude kazhchappaadumaayi vairudhyamullathaanu. kristhuvinte shaareerika saannidhyam daivathil ninnulla vishwaasamaayathinaal, daivam thiranjedutthavarkku vishwaasam srishtikkaan kazhinjilla. yohannan 6:63-ll ulppeduthiyirikkunna thiruvezhuthukalude niravadhi bhaagangalilekkum swingley aakarshichu. lutherinte kaazhchappaad kristhuvinte manushyathvathe nishedhikkunnathaayi addeham kaanukayum kristhuvinte shareeram oridathu maathramaanennum athu daivathinte valathubhaagathaanennum urappichu parayukayum cheythu. marberg samsaram rund parishkartthaakkalum thammilulla samvaadathil puthiyathayi onnum srishtichilla. addehathinte nilapad maattiyittillengilum athu swingleyude kaazhchappaadukalil kooduthal purogathi srishtichu. udaaharanathinu, appam verum appamallenn addeham abhipraayappedukayum "saannidhyam", "sathyam", "koodaasha" thudangiya padangal sthireekarikkukayum cheythu. ennirunnaalum, vishwaasathekkurichulla avarude dhaarana, avarude kristhumatham, avarude sameepanam, thiruvezhuthukalude upayogam ennivayile swingleyudeyum lutherinteyum vyathyaasangalaan aathyanthikamayi oru karar asaadhyamaakkiyath.
thante jeevithaavasaanathoduthu swingley francis onnaaman rajaavinu ayacha kuttasammatham vazhi vishudha kurbbanayekkurichulla thante dhaarana sangrahichu
"karthaavinte athaazhathil kristhu yadhaarthathil undennu njangal vishwasikkunnu; athe, kristhuvinte saannidhyamillaathe oru koottaymayumillennu njangal vishwasikkunnu. ithaanu thelivu 'rando moonno perr ente naamatthil evide othukoodunnuvo avide njaan avarude idayil undu' (maatt. 18:20). thante bahumaanaartham sabha muzhuvan othukoodunna sthalathu addeham ethratholam sannihithanaan! ennaal addehathinte shareeram aksharaarthatthil bhakshikkappedunnu ennathu sathyathil ninnum vishwaasathinte swabhaavathil ninnum valare akaleyaan. athu sathyathin virudhamaanu, kaaranam addeham thanne parayunnu 'njaan inii lokathililla' (joonn 17:11), 'maamsam onnum prayojanappedunnilla' (joonn 6:63), athaayath, yahoodar appol vishwasichathupole, paappistukal ippozhum vishwasikkunnu. athu vishwaasathinte swabhaavathinu virudhamaanu (njaan ardhamaakkunnathu vishudhavum sathyavumaya vishwaasam), kaaranam vishwaasam sneham, daivabhayam, aadarav enniva ulkkollunnu, athu thante priyappetta makane bhakshikkunnathil ninnu eathoraalum churungunnathupole thanne atharam shaareerikavum sthoolavumaaya bhakshanathe verukkunnu.... kristhuvinte yadhaartha shareeram mathaparavum vishwaasaparavum punyapoornavumaaya hridayam (vishudha kristhuvineppole) koodaashayilum athmeeya reethiyilum bhakshikkunnuvennu njangal vishwasikkunnu. krisoostam padippichu). churukkatthil eee vivaadathil naam nilanirthunnathinte saaramsham ithaanu, nammalalla, sathyam thanne padippikkunnu."
samsthaanam.
 addehathe sambandhichidatholam sabayum bharanakoodavum daivathinte paramadhikaara bharanathin keezhil onnaanu. sweengliyude kazhchappadil sabayum bharanakoodavum thammilulla sankeernamaaya bandhatthinte vikasanam addehathinte jeevithathinte pashchaathalam, soorich nagaram, vishalamaaya swis konfedareshan enniva parishodhikkunnathiloode maathrame manassilakkaan kazhiyoo. kaala" (1510), "labirinth" (1516) thudangiya oru parishkarthaavaakunnathinn munbulla addehathinte aadyakaala rachanakal addehathinte raajyathodulla desasnehavum swaathanthryathinaayulla vaanchayum samsthaana sarkkaarinte saambathika nettatthinaayi yuva swis pouranmaare videsha yudhangalil poraadaan ayacha koolippani sevanathodulla ethirppum velippeduthunnu. oru edavaka purohitan oru sainika chappline enna nilayilulla addehathinte jeevitam dhaarmikathayodum neethiyodumulla addehathinte uthkanda valarthiyedukkaan sahayichu. thante shushroosha oru svakaaryamekhalayil maathramaayi parimithappedutthaathe, mothatthil janangalkkaayirunnu addeham kaazhchavechathu.
parishkaranatthinte oro ghattathilum soorich kaunsil oru pradhana punk vahichu. parishkaranatthinu munbuthanne, sidhaanthathinteyum aaraadhanayudeyum mekhalakal sabhaa shreniyude adhikaarathinu vittukoduthirunnuve sabhaa kaaryangalil kaunsil thaarathamyena swathanthramaayi pravarthichu. saidhaanthika karyangal shreniyekkaal daivavachanavumaayi poruthappedanamennu swinglick bodhyappettathinaal, mathaparamaya adhikaarikal parishkkaranam ettedukkaan visammathichaal pravartthikkaan adikaaramulla eaka sthaapanamaayi kaunsilinte punk addeham amgeekarichu. addehathinte daivabharanaparamaaya kaazhchappaadukal "daivikavum maanushikavumaya neethi" (1523), "lekhanangalude oru vyaakhyaanam" (1523) ennivayil prasangakanum rajakumaran daivathinte bharanathinu keezhilulla daasanmaaraayirunnu ennathil ettavum nannayi prakadippikkappedunnu. eee rund prasidheekaranangaleyum chuttipattiyulla pashchaathalam ganyamaaya pirimurukkatthinte kaalaghattamaayirunnu. swingly swis diet mattethenkilum kantonilekku yaatra cheiyunnathil ninnu vilakkiyirunnu. mathaparavum saamoohikavumaaya kramakkedukal pottippurappedaan saadyathayullathinaal parishkarana pravartthanangal apakadathilaayi. suvisheshathinte thudarchayaaya prasamgatthe samrakshikkunnathinu sarkkaarine kriyathmakamaaya oru velichathil avatharippikkendathinte aavasyakatha swingley kandu. addeham paranju,
prasangakanum majistrettum thammilulla bandham manushyan daivikanumaaya rund tharatthilulla neethiyaanu prakadamaakkiyathu. manushyaneeti (allengil "bahyanaaya manushyan") majistrettinteyo sarkkaarinteyo adhikaaraparidhiyaayirunnu. manushyaneeti urappakkaan gavanmentinu kazhiyumenkilum daivathinte munbaake manushyane neethimaanmaaraakkaan athinu kazhinjilla. daivika neethiyude kanakkinaayi "aantharika manushyane" vilikkunna prasamgakante domaine athaayirunnu.
sarkkar daivathaal niyukthamayathinaal, swingleyude kaazhchappaad anusarikkaan kristhyaanikal baadhyastharaayirunnu. eee aavasyam oru nalla allengil cheetha gavanmentinum thulyamaayi baadhakamaan, kaaranam randum daivathil ninnaan vannath. ennirunnaalum, bharanadhikaarikal daivathinte daasanmaaraayirikkukayum kristhyaanikal daivathe anusarikkendathupole bharanaadhikaarikale anusarikkukayum cheiyunnathinaal kristhyaanikal anusarikkaatha sahacharyam undakam. adhikaarikal daivathinte ishtathinu virudhamaayi pravartthikkumbol swingley abhiprayappettu, "naam manushyarekkaal daivathe anusarikkanam."daivathinte kalppanakalkk manushyante kalppanakalekkaal munganana labhichu.
rajavaazhcha, prabhukkanmaar, janadhipathyam enningane moonnu tharatthilulla gavanmentukal undennu isayyayekkurichulla thante vyaakhyaanathil (1529) swingley abhiprayappettu. soorich kaunsilile thante anubhavam kanakkiledukkumbol addeham prabhukkanmaarkk munganana nalki, athu athishayikkanilla. prasidheekaranathil, moonnu tharatthilulla gavanmentukale thaarathamyam cheiyunnathinupakaram, addeham oru raajavaazhchaykkethire prabhukkanmaare prathirodhichu. oru rajavaazhcha ellaayppozhum svechaadhipathyathilekka veezhumennu addeham vaadichu. oru raajavaazhchaykk antharleenamaaya balaheenathakalundaayirunnu, oru nalla bharanadhikariye eluppathil oru mosham bharanadhikaariyaakkaano allengil orotta bharanadhikariye eluppathil dushippikkaano kazhiyum. kooduthal aalukal ulppettirunna oru prabhukkanmaarkk eee poraaymakal undaayirunnilla.
paraamarshangal.
swingleyude kruthikal oonlainil labhyamaya pazhaya jarmman/laattin pathippukal ivayaanu
swingleyude thiranjeduttha kruthikalude inipparayunna engleesh vivarthanangalum kaanuka

