marian chalfa

1989 leeii velvett viplavasamayathum athinusheshavum checoslovakiayude pradhaanamanthriyaayum 19 divasam acting presidentaayum sevanamanushticha oru slovac muun raashtreeyakkaaranaan maarin chalfa (jananam 7 meyy 1946, trebisovil). communist bharanathil ninnu janaadhipathyathilekku adikaaram sugamamayi kaimarunnathil addeham oru pradhana vyakthiyaayirunnu.
currier.
1985 muthal checoslovac federal gavanmentinte niyamanirmmaana vakuppinte thalavanayi chalfa pravarthichu. 1988 eprilil addeham niyamanirmmaana samithiyude chairmaanaayi. 1989 desember desember velvett viplavakaalath, apakeerthikaramaaya ladislav adamekkinu pakaram addehathe pradhaanamanthriyaayi niyamichu. checoslovakiayile communist partyile (keey. ezz. sii.) amgamaayirunnengilum eee sarkkaarin communist ithara bhooripakshamundaayirunnu. angane 41 varshathinide ksch aadhipathyam pularthaattha aadyathe manthrisabhaye addeham nayichu. sarkkaaril sathyaprathinja cheythathinu thottupinnaale president gustav husak raajivachappol, desember 29 nuu vaclav havell thiranjeduppu vare mikka presidential chumathalakalum chalfa etteduthu.
1990 januvari 18 nuu, haavelinte sivik foratthinte slovac prathiroopamaaya akramatthinethire (vpn) pothujanangalil cheraan chalfa ksc vittu, angane randaam lokamahaayudhathinu munbu communisto sahayaathrikano allatha aadyathe pradhaanamanthriyaayi. pradhaanamanthriyaayi thiranjeduppil haavelinte prasthaanatthe vann vijayathilekku nayikkaan addeham sahayichu. 1991 eprilil vpn pirichuvittappol, calfa party bhooribhaagatheyum pinthudarnnu sivik demookratik unionilekku (odiyu-vpn) chernnu, athil addeham oru pramukha amgamaayi.
communist bharanathil ninnu oru multy-party samvidaanathilekkum vipani adhishtitha sambadvyavasthayilekkum parivartthanam sugamamakkunna kaaryamaaya rashtreeya, saambathika parishkaarangal avatharippikkunnathil chaalfayude neethrthwathilulla rund manthrisabhakalum vijayichu. president vaclav havell, dhanakaaryamantri vaclav closs ennivarulppede mattu rashtreeya vyakthikalil ninnu chalfaykku sakthamaaya pinthuna labhichu.
1992 leeii thiranjeduppil akramatthinethire pothujanangal paraajayappettathinetthudar chalfa federal sarkkaaril ninnu raajivachu. addehathinte pingamiyaayi kaavalkkaranaaya jaann strasky adhikaaramettu, addehathinte pradhana dauthyam checoslovakiayude pirichuvidalinu melnottam vahikkuka ennathaayirunnu. aaa varsham, chalfa check pourathvam sweekarikkukayum praagile oru abhibhashakanaayi pravartthikkaan thudangukayum niyama sthaapanamaaya chalfa, bartosicine oru partnery ennu vilikkukayum cheythu.
pradhaanamanthriyaayirunna kaalath, chalfa thante communist bhoothakaalathe kurichu idaykkide vimarsanangalkk vidheyanaayirunnu. velvett viplavam poortthiyaakaatthatho munkaala "nomklathura" yilppetta aalukal "moshtichatho" ennathinte thelivaayi chilar ithu udharichu. velvett viplavathinte sugamathaykkum vegathaykkum vaklavu havell presidentaayi thiranjedukkappedunnathi valareyadhikam sambhavana nalkia addehathe "simhaasanathin pinnile shakti" yaayi charitrakaaranmaar ippol kanakkakkunnu. nirnaayaka nimishangalil addeham thante communist party amgangalkkethire thante charchaa vaidagdhyam upayogikkukayum poura foratthile prathinidhikal pratheekshichirunna kooduthal samoolamaaya othutheerppukalilekku avare nayikkukayum cheythu.

