svayamu bhagwan

ekadaiva chattakkoodile eaka devathayaayi bhaagavathane ("karthaav" allengil "daivam" enna padavi) poornnamaayum prathinidheekarikkunna hindu mathatthile oru samskritha aashayamaanu svayamu bhagwan (; ekadesham "svayam daivam"). eee ashayam saadhaaranayaayi (ennaal ellaayppozhum allah) oru purushadevanumaayi bandhappettirikkunnu, udaaharanathinu krishnamatham, gaudiya vaishnavamatham thudangiya hindu upa-prasthaanangalil krishnane svayamu bhagavathanaayi kanakkakkunnu.
vivaranam.
bhagavatha puraanatthil paranjirikkunnathupole, krishnanaayi janikkunnathin munbu vishnu thante divyamaaya yadhaartha naalu aayudhangalulla roopathil vaasudevanteyum devakiyudeyum munbil prathyakshappettu. vishnuvine aaraadhicha sesham vasudevan devakiyum thante swargeeya roopam marachuvekkaan aavasyappettu. vishnu thante shisu roopamaaya krishnanaayi maarikkond anusarichu. 
"gaudiya vaishnava" thilum mattu krishnakendreekritha daivashaasthrangalilum palappozhum upayogikkunna oru padamaanu "svayamu bhagwan", aaa padavi avide krishnane nirddeshikkaan maathramaayi upayogikkunnu, bhagavatha puraanatthil parasparavirudhamaaya ardhangalo mattu upayogangalo undu. gaudiya vaishnavarude paarambaryavum nimbarka sambradaayavum vallabhayude anuyaayikalum addehathe ellah avathaarangaludeyum uravidamaayum vishnuvinteyum naaraayananteyum uravidamaayum kanakkakkunnu. athinaal addehathe "svayamu bhagwan" aayi kanakkakkunnu.
krishnane palarum "svayamu bhagwan" aayi amgeekarikkunnundenkum, addehathe vividha kaazhchappaadukalil ninnum kaazhchappaadukalil ninnum manassilakkukayum manassilakkukayum cheiyunnu. krishnane "svayamu bhagwan" ennu amgeekarikkumbol, ithu "gaudiya vaishnavamatham", "vallabha sambradaayam", nimbaarkka sambradaayam ennivayude vishwaasamaanennu manassilakkaan kazhiyum, avide krishnane matellaa avathaarangaludeyum uravidamaayum vishnuvinte uravidamaayum amgeekarikkunnu. eee vishwaasam pradhaanamaayum bhaagavathatthinte (1.3.28) "prashasthamaaya prasthavana" yill ninnaan uruthirinjathu.
eee daivashaasthra aashayathil ninnu vyathyasthamaaya oru kaazhchappaad narayananteyo vishnuvinteyo avatharamenna nilayil krishnanekkurichulla aashayamaanu. vishnuvine avathaarangalude uravidamaayi paraamarshikkunnath pathivaanengilum, narayanan, vasudeva-krishnan, verum krishnan ennum ariyappedunna vaishnavamathathinte devante perukalil onnaanith, aaa perukalil oronninum pinnil vaishnavamathathil aadipathyamulla oru divya vyakthithvamundu ennathu sradhikkendathaanu.
ardham.
" "ennathinte daivashaasthraparamaaya vyaakhyaanam oro paarambaryatthinum anusarichu vyathyasthamaan, koodaathe eee padatthinte aksharaarthatthilulla vivarthanam niravadhi vyathyastha reethikalil manassilakkappettittund". samskritha bhashayil ninnu vivarthanam cheyyappetta eee padatthinte aksharaarthatthil "bhagwan thanne" allengil "nerittu bhagwan" ennaanu ardham. gaudiya vaishnava paarambaryam palappozhum athine "aadima prabhu" allengil "poorvvadevante yadhaartha vyakthithvam" ennu athinte veekshanakonil vivarthanam cheiyunnu; "paramamaya daivathvam", "paramamaya daivam" thudangiya padangal "svayamu bhagwan" enna padatthinu thulyamaayi kanakkaakkukayum vishnu, narayanan, avayumaayi bandhapetta pala avatharangalkkum eee padangal prayogikkaan thiranjedukkukayum cheyyaam.
'manassilakkaavunna vidhathil 'bhagwan' ennathu 'bhaaga', 'vaan' enningane vibhajikkappettirikkunnu. "bhaa" (anugraheeta attributeukal), "shree" (vaibhavam), "keerthi" (prashasthi) thudangiya naamangalude prathyayamaayi upayogikkunna 'udama' ennartham varunna samskritha purusha-padangalaanu "vaan", "maan" enniva. athinaal, vishnu puraanamanusarichu bhaaga ennathu daivathinte aarr gunangale soochippikkunnu-aishwaryam (sambathu), veeryam (shouryam), njaanam (njaanam), baalam (parakramam), shakti (shakti), tejas (vaibhavam). athinaal, bhagwan ennaal aarr divyagunangalude udamayaaya "sadguna" ennaanu ardhamaakkunnathu.
vishnu puraanamanusarichu bhaagavathatthinte mattoru vyaakhyaanam "bhaa" ennathu aishwaryamineyum veeriyatheyum soochippikkunnu, "gaa" ennathu jnjaanatheyum baalatheyum soochippikkunnu, "vaa" ennathu shakthiyeyum tejasin soochippikkunnu, koodaathe "aan" enna vaakkukalude uthbhavam "naa" ennaal 'onnumilla' ennaanu, athu avan ashubhamo dushtamo aaya gunangal illaathavanaanennu soochippikkunnu.
vishnu puraanatthil bhagavaante uthbhavam poornnamaayum chithreekarichirikkunnathil, bhagwan aaranennathinekkurichulla vishnu puraanavum poornnamaanu. vishnu puraanam vyakthamaayi prasthaavikkunnath bhagwan enna vashudevan enna narayana-krishnaneyallaathe mattareyum soochippikkunnilla ennaanu.
"svayam" ennaal svayam ennaanu ardhamaakkunnathu, athinaal "svayam bhagwan" ennathu bhagwan (vasudevan) aaya oraale soochippikkunnu. naaraayante (vaasudevante) ettavum thikanja vamshajayaaya (avatharam) shree krishnan randaamathethil ninnu vyathyasthanalla, athinaal bhagavatham "krishnasthu bhagwan svayamu" ennu parayunnu-krishnan thanne paramonnathan anugraheethanumaaya bhagwan (narayanan) aanu.
maadhavachaaryareppolulla bhagavatha puraanatthinte aadyakaala vyaakhyaanakaaranmaar "svayamu bhagwan" enna padam "bhaagavathamullavan" ennaanu vivarthanam cheythath; athaayath "ellah nalla gunangalum kaivashamullavan" ennaanu ardham. mattullavar athine "karthaav thanne" ennu vivarthanam cheythittundu. vaishnavamathathile vishnu kendreekritha sanbradaayangalude anuyaayikal apoorvvamaayi maathrame eee padatthe abhisambodhana cheiyunnulloovenkilum krishnan ellah "avathaarangalilum" ettavum uyarnavanum poornnanumaaya oraalaanennum ellah ardhathilum poornnanum yadhaarthavumaaya "paripoornna avathara" maayi kanakkaakkappedunnuvennum avarude vishwaasathe ithu soochippikkunnuvennu vishwasikkunnu. avarude abhipraayathil bhagavatha puraanatthil krishnane bhagwante poornaavathaaram (poornna aavirbhavam) ennum mattu avathaarangale bhagika avathaarangal ennum visheshippichittundu. "krishnan bhagwan aayathinal; manushyante manass 'theevramaayi kendreekarichirikkunnu', uddeshyam enthuthanneyaayaalum anjanaayaalum, avanil kendreekarichirikkunnu."(pii. 334) hindumathathiludaneelam krishna avathaarathinte savisheshathayekkurichum athupole thanne addehathinte jeevithathilum vyakthithvathilum ulppettirikkunna thathwangalekkurichum "svayam bhagwan" ennu visheshippichathinu pothuvaayi oru sveekaaryathayundu.
kaazhchappaadukal.
kaazhchappaadukale pinthunaykkunnu.
krishnane vishnuvinu keezhppeduthunnathinodu bandhapetta niravadhi krishna kendreekritha paarambaryangalil mukhabhaavathinte oru gadakamundu. samyojitha vaishnava daivashaasthraparamaaya veekshanakonil krishnante manushyakatha ulkkollanulla ettavum eluppamaarggamaayirunnu athinulla kaaranagal. eee "pradhana grandhangal krishnante swathuathinte anthimaavasthaye urappikkukayum samrakshikkukayum cheiyunnu". ennirunnaalum, avathaarangalude pattikayil krishnane ulppeduthunnathu vishnuvinte vipuleekaranangalilonnayi addehathe keezhppeduthanamennilla. panthrandaam noottaandile jayadevaneppolulla aadyakaala ezhuthukaar vishnuvinekkaal krishnante pradhana avathaarangalayi dashaavathaarathe kanakkakki.
krishnakendreekritha daivashaasthrathinte pradhana pinthunakkaraaya gaudiya vaishnavanmaarum vallabhasampradaayathinte nimbaarkkasampradaayathin anuyaayikalum gopala tapani upanishath, vedanta soothrangal, mattu hindu grandhangalaaya bhagavathapuraanam, brahmavaivarthapuraanam enniva krishnan yadhaarthathil "svayamu bhagwan" aanenna avarude kaazhchappaadine pinthunaykkaan upayogikkunnu. pathinaram noottaandile ezhuthukaaranaaya jeeva goswami thante "krishna-chandarbha" polulla chila kruthikalil eee vishwaasam samgrahichittundu.
hindu ithihaasamaaya mahaabhaarathatthile aaraamathe pusthakamaaya "bheeshmaparva" ("bhagavadgeetha" yude bhagamaaya) krishnan thaan thanne "svayamu bhagwan" aanenna vishwaasathe aavarthikkunna niravadhi udharanikal nalkunnu. bhagavadgeethayude 7.7-aamm vaakyam, krishnan thanne "svayam bhagwan" aanennum brahmaavinte oru almaratta roopavum addehathinte nilanilppine marikadakkunnillennum abhipraayathe pinthunaykkaan palappozhum upayogikkunnu, kaaranam bhagavadgeetha advaithathayude aadya pradhana vakthaakkalkk munbu krishna-daivavaadam munnottuvaykkukayirnu ennathu oru pothu kazhchappaadaanu.
geetayil prathipaadikkunna "svayamu bhagwan" enna padaviyekkurichulla mattu vyapakamaaya daaranakal krishnakendreekrithamallatha paarambaryangalumaayi bandhappettirikkunnu. oru paarambaryam pradhaanamaayum brahmasoothrangalekkurithu shankaraachaaryarude vyaakhyaanathinte kaazhchappaadukal pinthudarunnu, ithu shakti, njaanam allengil maaya enna aashayathiloode "svayamu bhagwan" medhaavithvathe nyaayeekarikkunna "maaya-vaad" ennu vilikkunnu.
geethayile "svayamu bhagwan"-nte vyakthamaaya aadhipathyathekkurichulla randaamathe badal dhaarana, krishnan bhagavaante ettavum uyarnnathum poornnavumaaya avatharamaaya vishnu allengil narayananekkurichulla oru janapriya kazhchappaadaanu. "bhagavadgeethayil krishnane brahmavaayi mathramalla, vishnuvinte avathaaramaayum arjunante suhruthaayum chithreekarichirikkunnu."churukkatthil eee kaazhchappaadin anusrithamaayi" "svayamu bhagwan krishna" "vishnuvinte poornna-avathaaramaayi (poornna avatharam) allengil chilarude abhipraayathil, brahmaavine polum marikadakkunna saarvathrika narayananayi kanakkaakkappedunnu".
aadhipathyam allengil "moulikatha" enna ashayam palappozhum krishnante vaakkukalil paraamarshikkappedunnu, udaaharanathinu, daivashaasthranjanaaya abhinavaguptan, hindu mathatthinte mattoru paarambaryatthil, 'aii' enna bhagavadgeethayil ninnulla oru udharani avatharippikkunnu, krishnan svayam nashichupokunnathum nashichupokaathathumaayine marikadakkunna ettavum uyarnna athmaavaayi paraamarsikkunnu.
shree vaishnava paarambaryam.
shree vaishnavar vishnuvine braahmananumaayi thirichariyumbol krishnakendreekritha paarambaryangal para braahmanane krishnanumaayi svayam bhagavathamaayi bandhappedutthum. ramaanujaachaaryarude abhipraayathil brahmam vyakthiparamaan. theerchayaayum, aathmaavine rakshayilekku nayikkunna "paramonnatha" vyakthiyum srashtaavum karthaavumaanu addeham. (gunaparamaaya) attributeukal illaathathukondu, chila advaita vedanta anuyaayikal abhipraayappedunnathupole, ellah "udata aatribyoottukaludeyum" "koottamaanu brahmam-i.iii. sarvvanjanum sarvashakthanum sarvavyaapiyum sarvvakripayullavanumaaya ellah gunangalum ellah vaishnavanmaarum vishnuvinu nalkunnu. dakshinenthyan paarambaryamanusarichu addeham "advithya" (athiraaliyillaatha samskritham ennartham) koodiyaanu. atharam vaishnavarkkum shivan brahmaavum hindu paanthyante mattu devanmaarum addeham srishtikkukayum niyogikkukayum cheytha braahmanante ejantumaaraayo daasanmaraayo kanakkaakkappedunnu. chila vaishnavar avare paashchaathya mathapaarambaryangalil maalaakhamaarkkulla athe padavi ullavarayi kanakkaakkukayo kaanukayo cheiyunnu.
budhiyullavarum budhiyillaathavarumaaya jeevikalude muzhuvan sankeernathayum-yadhaarthamaayi kaanappedukayum roopam roopappeduthukayum cheiyunnu, i. iii., ettavum uyarnna braahmanante shareeram ". ramaanujaachaaryarude abhipraayathil athmaavum shareeravum thammilulla bandham athinte aathmaavin "poornnamaayum keezhppettathaanu", athinu swathanthramaaya yaadhaarthyamo moolyamo illa. ennirunnaalum ramanujacharyan thanne 'puravathaara' krishnane vishnuvinu keezhppedutthaan oonnipparanjilla.
mattu kazhchakal.
ennirunnaalum, vaishnava paarambaryangal eee ashayathe pinthunaykkunnavarude athe kaazhchappaadukalode "svayamu bhagwan" enna ashayavumaayi poruthappedunnilla.
thangalude kaazhchappaadine pinthunaykkunnathinaayi avar mahaabhaarathatthile "anusheelanaparva" thinte 149-aamm adhyayam udharikkunnu, athu krishnanodoppam, "vishnu sahasranama" japikkunnathiloode manushyarashi ellah dukhangalil ninnum mochithamaakumennu prasthaavikkunnu, ithu sarvvyaapiyaaya paramonnathanaaya vishnuvinte ayiram perukalaanu, addeham ellah lokangaludeyum yajamananaan, "devanmar" yekkaal unnathanaan, braahmananumaayi onnaanennum parayunnu. krishnanum vishnuvum samaanamaanennaanu ithu soochippikkunnathu. theerchayaayum, krishnan thanne paranju, "arjunane, ayiram perukal chollunnathiloode oraalkk sthuthikkaan aagrahamundaakaam. pakshe, ente bhaagathuninnu, oru shlokam enne prashamsikkunnu. athil oru samshayavumilla." 
pala vaishnava skoolukalkkum eee aashayathekkurichu vyathyastha vyaakhyaanangalundu, udaaharanathinu swaaminaaraayana sanbradaayathinte anuyaayikal narayanan svayam swaaminaaraayanaayi prathyakshappettuvennu vishwasikkunnu. eee kaazhchappaad avarude prathyeka paarambaryatthil maathrame pinthunaykkunnulloo.
thaarathamyam.
pankaratra polulla chila aadyakaala chinthaadhaarakal vasudeva-krishnane (vaasudevante makanaaya krishnan) ellah avathaarangaludeyum uravidamaayum aathyanthikavum samboornnavumaaya yaadhaarthyathil ninnu vyathyasthamallathathaayum vaasudevanil ninnum paramonnathaathmaavinte mattethenkilum prakadanangalil ninnum vyathyasthamallathathaayum paraamarsikkunnu.
krishnamatham.
krishnamatham enna padam krishnante aaraadhanakale vivarikkan upayogikkunnu, krishnan oru avathaaramaayathinekkaal vishnuvil shradha kendreekarikkunna aaraadhanakalkkaayi "vaishnavamatham" enna padam neekkivachittundu.
"vasudevan, krishnan, gopalan ennivarude aaraadhanakale chuttippattiyaan vaishnavamathathinte randaamatheyum prabalavumaaya ghattavumayi "grettar krishnamatham" poruthappedunnathu. innu eee vishwaasathinu indiaykku puratthum ganyamaaya anuyaayikalund. krishnamathathinte pradhana ashayam krishnante aadhipathyamaan. eee ashayam vikasippichedutha raadhakrishnane aaradhikkunna pradhana paarambaryangalilonnaanu gaudiya.
gaudiya vaishnava veekshanam.
avathaarangalude sidhaantham.
chaithanyamathatthinteyo gaudiya paarambaryatthinteyo praadhamika daivashaasthram bhagavatha puraanatthilum chaithanya charithaamrithatthilum adhishtithavum avatharippikkappettathumaanu."svayamu roopa" ennathile "svayamu" ennathu onnumaathramalla, gaudiya vaishnava vishwaasangal anusarichu muun vaishnava paarambaryangal pinthudarnna ellah ashayangalum "thadhu eakaathma roopa" (athaayath "onnu", "vyathyasthamallathath") enna randaamathe vibhaagathil pedunnu. 'svayamu' enna padatthinte ardham 'mattullavare aashrayikkaathirikkuka' allengil 'svayam aayirikkuka' ennaanu.
 sanathana goswamiyodulla thante nirddeshathil, kashiyil, chaithanya mahaprabhu "vaadanthi" vaakyathinte prathyaaghaathangal vishadeekarikkunnu "brahman" enna vaakk "svayam bhagwan" ennathine soochippikkunnu, avarkk secondillaathe oru bodhamund, avarillathe matonnumilla."(gupta 2007, peju 36).
roopa goswami 'thante' roopathil vivarichittundu "mattu roopangale aashrayikkaatha paramamaya vyakthithvathinte roopathe 'yadhaartha roopam' ennu vilikkunnu."
thaad-eakaathma-roopa" roopangalum ithil vivarichittundu. 
"thaad-eakaathma-roopa" "oresamayam roopappedukayum" "roopappedukayum vyathyasthamallathavayumaan". athesamayam, avayude shaareerika savisheshathakalum prathyeka pravartthanangalum avaa vyathyasthamaanennu thonnunnu."
srishtiyekkurichulla ettavum ariyappedunna rund veda vivaranagal purushashakthiyum naasadeeyashakthiyumaanu. oru sthuthigeethathil ellaam srishtikkunna vishwakarmmane abhisambodhana cheiyunnu. vaishnavarude vishwaasangal anusarichu, rigvedathile (10.82) "vishwakarmma sukta" parokshamaayi paramonnatha daivamaayi paraamarsikkunnu ellah daivangalum onnichukoodiya bhroonathe jalam aadyam nilanirtthi, garbhasthashishuvinte (ajaa) naabhil ottaykku nikshepikkukayum athil ellah jeevikalum vasikkukayum cheythu. gaudiyarude abhipraayathil, "thaad-eakaathma-roopa" enna vibhaagathil pedunnu.
gaudiya vaishnava vyaakhyaanam anusarichu, bhagavadgeethayilum (7.7) ithu sthireekarikkappedunnu, athil ingane parayunnu "ennekkaal shreshtamaaya oru sathyavumilla."krishnan thanne 'bhagwan' aanu, avarude bhagika prakadanangal mattu daivangalaanu. eee ashayam bhagavatha puraanatthil prathifalikkunnu. brahma vaivartha puraanam nammodu parayunnath brahmam, vishnu, shivan, prakrithi enniva uthbhavikkunna aathyanthika uravidam krishnanaanennu. addeham "svayamu bhagwan" aanenkil mattu avathaarangal addehathinte bhagika prakadanangalaanu. sreedhara swaamiyude (aadyakaala shankaravibhaagathinte niroopakan) abhipraayangal krishnante savisheshathaye velippeduthunnu. addehathinte abhipraayathil krishnan paripoornanaanu, kaaranam addehathil ellah shakthikalum niranjathaayi nireekshikkappedunnu. atharvvavedashamitha" yill krishnan rakshasanaaya keshava vadhichathayi vivarikkappedunnu. kausthiki braahmanan" (30.9) brahmanachamsin purohithanumaayi bandhappett sayahna chadangukalude oru lakshyamaya krishna angirasaye soochippikkunnu. aitharya aaranyakan harita gothratthile rund krishnanmaarekkurichu samsaarikkunnu. ennirunnaalum dakshinenthyan vaishnavamatham krishnanu valare kurachu maathrame oonnal nalkunnulloo, mattu paarambaryangalil ninnu vyathyasthamayi radhaye poornnamaayum avaganichu.
gaudiya sanbradaayathinte kaazhchappaadukalod, eee "bhakti-yoga" rahasyamaanennu bhagavadgeetha prasthaavikkunnu-"bhagavadgeethayile nirddeshangalude ettavum rahasyathmakamaaya bhagathekkurichu ennil ninnu veendum kelkkuka."bhagavatha puraanatthil isconile vaishnavar palappozhum krishnan thannekkurichu samsaarikkunnu enna avarude kaazhchappaad oonnipparayunnu, rund saahacharyangalilum krishnan thannekkurichu samsaarikkunnu, samskrithathil" "aham" "," "njaan" "," "njaan" "ennee ardhangalil samsaarikkunnu". chila vyaakhyaanakaaranmaar dvitheeya ardhangal ulkkollumbol, "aham", "njaan" ennivayude nerittulla ardham krishnane thanne soochippikkunnuvennu ellah pradhana samskritha nighandukkalum amgeekarikkunnu.
lakshmi.
krishnan "svayamu bhagwan" aanennathinekkurichu gaudiya vaishnavar avarude kaazhchappaadukal avatharippikkumbol,
 mattu sanbradaayangalil paramonnathamaayi kanakkaakkappedunna vishnu polulla mattu roopangalumaayi thaarathamyam cheiyunna niravadhi kaazhchappaadukal avaa avatharippikkunnu. jeeva goswamy udharicha kruthikalil bhagavat sandarbhavum thathuva sandabhavum ulppedunnu, "krishnano vishnuvo paramonnathanaano ennu vaishnavar parasparam tharkkikkunnilla. avar athine karthaavumaayulla oraalude bandhatthinte kaaryamaayi kanakkakkunnu. oraalkk vishnuvumaayum oraalkk ramanumaayum mattoraalkk krishnanumaayum bandhamund. raasa daivashaasthram anusarichu."chaithanya charithaamrithatthil chaithanyan sreesampradaayathil ninnulla venkata bhattanumayi thamaashayode ithu charcha cheiyunnu. ennaal, radhaaraadhanayil gaudiya vaishnavamathathin munbullathaanu pustimarga paarambaryam.
aii. dii. 1ll chaithanyan dakshinenthyayiloode sanjarichappol sreerangathe purohithanaaya gopala bhattante pithavaaya venkata bhattante veettilaanu addeham thaamasichathu. venkadayum gopalayude ammavanmaaraaya trimalla prabodhananda saraswatiyum lakshmi-narayananilulla sreevaishnava vishwaasathil ninnu paramanayum raadhakrishnanilulla oralaayum svayam bhagavathanaayi parivartthanam cheyyappettu. eee parivartthanatthinte dialogue 16 sii yill rekhappeduthiyittundu. krishna daasa kavirajayude chaithanya charithaamritha jeevacharitram.
chaithanya charithaamrithatthile madhya leelayil bhagavatha puraanatthile patthaam khandathile prathyeka vaakyathe paraamarsikkunna oru avatharanam nalkiyittundu, shree ennum ariyappedunna lakshmi (athinaal shree sambradaayam enna peru) aagraham kondu kathukayum ippozhum vrindaavana raajyathekku praveshikkaan kazhiyaathirikkukayum cheiyunnathinte kaaranam.
shree sambradaayika sanyaasiyaayirunna prabodhananda saraswati lakshmi-narayanan pakaram svayam bhagwan enna raadha-krishnante paramonnatha sthaanathekku parivartthanam cheyyappettu. chaithanyanil ninnulla radhaaraadhanayude aadhipathyathe addeham vilamathikkukayum cheythu.
cosmological kaazhchappaad.
sarga" allengil sookshumamaaya srishtiyekkurichulla dakshinenthyan vaishnava grouppukalude veekshanam, narayanan allengil vishnuvaanu srishtiyude kaaranamayathum pinneedu "pradhana" thilekk nokkunnathum, athu srishtiyude yadhaartha pravartthanatthinte thudakkamaanu ennathinodu thiruvezhuthukal paalikkunnathine adisthaanamaakkiyullathaanu. eee kaazhchappaad krishnakendreekrithamaaya vaishnavamathathin virudhamalla, koodaathe pankaratra prakaram vasudevan (vaasudevante makan, krishnan) enna nilayil srishtiyude uravidamaaya "svayamu bhagwan"-nuu virudhamaanennu thonnunnilla.
pancharaathra srothassukal ellah vaishnava paarambaryangalum amgeekarikkukayum ramanujante variyil munpulla yamunachaaryar sthireekarikkukayum, thante "aagamapramaanya" yill samgrahikkukayum, "thaanthrika" vaishnava pancharaathratthinte velippeduthaline prathirodhikkukayum, grandhangalude muzhuvan bhaagavum vedathinte bhaagamaanenn vaadikkukayum cheiyunnu "ellah vaikalyangalil ninnum mukthamaaya arivil adhishtithamaanenna adisthaanathil yaagam nirddeshikkunna veda vaakyangal pole panpathrathanthram aadhikaarikamaanu". amalananda pancharaathratthe prathirodhikkukayum naalu vedangaleppole thanne svayam aadhikaarikatha nalkunna saadhuta aagamangalkk illennu sthireekarikkukayum cheiyunnu, ennaal athinte aadhikaarikatha urappunalkunnu, kaaranam vedam vaasudevante sarvvanjjathaykku saakshyam vahikkunnu. eee nilapad bhagavatha puraanatthe adisthaanamaakkiyulla daivashaasthrathinte adisthaanavum koodiyaanu.
sanathana goswamikalaaya "brihad bhaagavathamritha" eee thathwam chithreekarichirikkunnathu vaishnava pankaraathrayilennapole thaarathamya prapanchashaasthrathinte "avathara" shreniyudeyo adisthaanathil mathramalla, "aadhi-raasa" thinte prapanchashaasthrathinteyum kaaryatthilum aanennathum gaudiya vaishnavarude kazhchappaadaanu. naalu dhaamangalude prapanchashaasthraparamaaya thathwam (avasana rund daamangalkk prathyeka sthaanamullathaa "vaikunda"-vishnuvinteyo narayananteyo vaasasthalam, "thaad-eakaathmaroopa", atheethamaayi, "goloka", "svayam bhagwan"-nte vaasasthalam) graaphikkal avatharanathinte thacolaanu, pakshe ithu aashayakkuzhappathinulla utharam koodiyaanu. brihad bhaagavathamritha" enna prapanchashaasthramanusaricha krishnan ellah "rasangalilum" allengil ruchikalil yadhaarthavum ettavum poornnanumaayavanaanennu vishwasikkappedunnu, vaasthavathil athu edapazhakaathathum aakarshakamallaathathumaanu, addehathinte swaathanthryam, kuranjathu eee yadhaartha roopathil, addeham swantham pullaankuzhal maathram vahikkunnathinte pratheekangal polum vahikkunnilla, athaanu addehathinte bhaktharude santhosham.
vedangalude yadhaartha purushan.
addehathekkurichulla aadyakaala paraamarsangalil thyagamenna ashayavumaayi naaraayante roopam bandhappettirikkunnu. purushasuktham polulla veda srothassukalil, rigvedathinte mahathaaya prapanchabaliyude svayam samarppanathinte peraayi narayanan nalkiyittundu. rigvedathil thanne narayanane paraamarshichittillenkum eee sthuthigeethathinte rachayithaavaayi kanakkaakkappedunnu. purushasuktageetham rachicha rishi thaan paadiya purushante sthuthigaanavumaayi swaamsheekarikkappedukayum addeham thanne aaraadhanayude lakshyamaavukayum cheythirikkaam. narayanan enna divya rishiyekkurichum, addehathodoppam naranekkurichum paraamarshangal pala puraana grandhangalilum kaanapedunnu. "rigvedathil "purusha" yeei vishnuvaayum thirichariyukayum athinanusarichu vaishnavamathathinte niravadhi paarambaryangal vyaakhyaanikkukayum cheiyunnu. bhaagavathathil addehathe "yagamaaya yanjapurushanaaya karthaav" ennu amgeekarikkappedunnu, athinaal rigvedathile eee vaakyam vaishnava paarambaryatthinte aditharayaanennu chilar vishwasikkunnu. gopala tapani upanishathil rigvedathile (1.22.20) shlokam gaudiya vaishnava vishwaasangalkkanusrithayi vedageetham vivarichukondu abhisambodhana cheyyappettu gaudiya vaishnavan vallabha sampradaayavum pulartthunna oru prathyeka kaazhchappaad, vishnu aaraadhanayude nigamanam "gopa-roopa" allengil krishnante prathyeka roopathekkurichulla dhyaanamaan.
krishna upanishath" gopala thapaaniyude eee nigamanathe pinthunaykkunnu, koodaathe "shreekrishnabhagavaante snehathinte aadhipathyathil vasikkunna aanandathinte ettavum divyamaaya roopam", "saxad", hurry "gopa-roopa" ennivaye soochippikkunnu. (1.10-12):
krishnanu mattu roopangalil illaatha gunangalundennum avaa vrindaavana leelayile addehathinte maadhuryavumaayi bandhappettirikkunnavum gaudiya vaishnava vishwasikkunnu. krishnan thanne narayanananu. narayanane palappozhum paramonnathanaayi thirichariyunnu, ennirunnaalum, addehathinte soundaryavum "maaduryavum" (madhura) addehathinte mahathwathe maraykkumbol, addeham "krishna", athaayath "krishna" ennariyappedunnu.iii. "svayamu bhagwan". friedem hardy parayunnathupole, "ekanum sarvashakthanum shaashwathan vyakthiparavum snehanidhiyumaaya daivamaaya" bhagwan enna ashayam... konkreett swabhaavasavisheshathakalaal niraykkappedenda oru shoonyamaaya slottaan "eee swabhaavasavisheshathakal krishnayil avasaanikkunnu.
bhagavatha puraanatthile paribhasa-soothram.
gaudiya vaishnava, vallabha sampradaaya nimbarka sampradaaya, pazhaya bhagavatha sanbradaayangal ennivayil, bhagavatha puraanatthile krishnan thante yadhaartha roopathil poornnamaayum prathinideekarikkappettathi vishwasikkappedunnu, athu "avathaarangalude" pattikayude avasaanathil inipparayunna vaachakathode avasaanikkunnu
bhagavatha puraanathekkurichulla ellah vyaakhyaanakaaranmaarum eee vaakyathe oonnipparayunnillengum krishnakendreekrithavum samakalikavumaaya vyaakhyaanangalil bhooribhaagavum eee vaakyathe oru supradhana prasthavanayaayi uyarthikkaattunnu.muzhuvan pusthakavum allengil daivashaasthram polum adisthaanamaakkiyulla "theesis stettment" aaya "paribhasa-soothram" ennaanu jeeva goswami ithine visheshippichathu.
bhagavatha puraanatthinte mattoru sthalathu krishnante bharyamaaraayi perittavarellaam avare vivaham kazhikkaan 'karthaav thanne' ('svayamu bhagwan', bhagavatha puraanam <aii. dii. 2>) engane vannuvennu droupadiyodu vishadeekarikkunnu. eee sambhavangal vivarikkumbol, niravadhi bharyamaar thangaletthanne krishnante bhaktarennu visheshippikkunnu.
oru bharthaav thante vadhuvine "premabhakthiyude" bhavanathilekku kadakkunnathupole "svayamu bhagwan" thante misritham illaatha bhakthare ("vaahami aham") vyakthiparamayi vahikkunnuvennu krishnakendreekrithamaaya pala paarambaryangalum vishwasikkunnu. badanarayana vyaasan thante brahmasoothrangalil "visasam qaa darshayaathi" ennu parayunnu, ithu "nirapeksha" thinteyo achanchalaraaya bhakthanmarudeyo lokathilninnu kadannupokunnathumaayi bandhappett thiruvezhuthu oru vyathyasam prakhyaapikkunnuvennu soochippikkunnu.
paaraa-vaasudevante uravidam.
gopala thapani upanishathinekurichulla thante vyaakhyaanathil baladeva vidyaabhooshanan ingane parayunnu "gopala tapani upanishathinu" mahathvam, athu bhaktharkk bhagwan krishnane velippeduthunnu, daivathvathinte yadhaartha vyakthithvam, ellah chalikkunnathum achanjalavumaaya jeevikalkk aduthulla athimanoharan.
bhagavatha puraanatthile 'soothra' ennu jeeva goswami vilicha bhagavatha puraanatthile vaakyathinte paribhashayaaya 'krishna svayamu eeshwaram' aanu eee vaakk, bhagavatha puraanatthinte mathramalla, vedaanthathinteyum ellah vedangaludeyum thacol.
upanishathukal anusarichu, srishtikkappetta yadhaartha satha ennu parayappedunna brahmaavine naalu kumaranmaraya munimar sameepichappol, addehathinu vimarsanaathmaka chodyangal uyarnnuvannuvennu vishwasikkappedunnu-aaraan paramonnathanaaya karthaav? maranathe aarkkaan pediyullathu? - aare ariyunnathiloode ellaam saakshaathkarikkappedunnu? - aaraan aaa vyakthi, eee prapanchatthinte srishtiyude aavarthanathinu pinnil aaraan? loka-lokaanam" enna addehathinte swantham yadhaarthamo madhuramo aaya roopam "prapanchatthil palappozhum prakadamaakunnilla". pathinaalu "manvantharangal" ulkkollunna, oronninum ezhupathiyonnu "divyayugangal" ulla, oru "kalpa" yill (brahmathinte saarvathrika dinam) ithu orikkal maathrame sambhavikkunnulloo ennu avakaashappedunna srothassukale gaudiya vaishnavar udharikkunnu. naalu kumaranmarkku utharam nalkaan, "vithu" manthrathinte eee rahasya vaakk brahmaavin vivarikkendathundu.
aaraan paramonnatha daivam, addeham engane eee lokam srishtikkunnu enna chodyathinulla utharamaanithenn vishwasikkappedunnu.
brahmaavu rishimaarodu ingane marupadi paranju "krishnanaanu paramamaya daivapurushan. maranam govinda bhayappedunnu. gopijanavallabaye ariyunnathiloode ellaam saakshaathkarikkappedunnu. swaaha" enna vaakk ucharichukondu daivathinte vyakthithvamaanu lokathe srishtichathu. bhaagavathatthinte samagraveekshanathinte vishalamaaya pashchaathalatthil, krishnan "palaril oraalalla, marichu svayam karthaavaanu".
"yadhaartha vaasudevanaaya krishnante vaasasthalamaayi vishwasikkappedunna golokatthinte adisthaana gadanayaanu eee 'kaama gayatri' enna vishwaasam 'sanath-kumara samhita' sthireekarikkunnu
"shreekrishnabhagavaante divyavaasthaanamaaya thaamarappoovinte vrithathil gopala manthram ezhuthappettirikkunnu."
bandhapetta charithrarekhakal.
indian charithratthinte madhyakaalakhattathil chilar krishnakendreekritha aaradhanaye "svayamu bhagwan" aayi kanakkaakkumbol, nere vipareethamaayi chila thelivukal soochippikkunnu. purathana kaalath krishnaprathimakale pala sthalangalilum aaraadhikkappettirunnu. kurtiyasine udharichu doow. dii.sii. sirkar parayunnath heraclesinte oru chithram (i.iii. mahanaaya alexanderude ("indiayude saamskaarika paithrikam" vaalyam) neethrthwathilulla greekkukalkkethire munnerave, sirkar prakaram vasudeva-krishna) pourava sainyathin munnil kondupokappettu. 4. pii. 115) sii. yude vellappokkathilppett yamuna nadikku kuruke sisuvaaya krishnane thalaykku mukaliloode vahikkunna vasudevane kaanikkunna rasakaramaaya oru terracotta phalakam. onnaam noottaand mathura myoosiyathilaan sookshichirikkunnathu. ekadesham athe kaalathe oru morah silashasana valare manoharamaayi kallil kothiyeduttha bhagavatha vrishni panchaveerar, sankarshana, vasudevan, pradyumna, samba, anirudha ennivayude chila chithrangale paraamarsikkunnu. oru gupta kaalaghattatthile gaveshanam bhagavathangal ennu vilikkappedunna oru koottam aalukalude aaraadhanayude prathyeka lakshyamaayi vasudevanekkurichu vyakthamaayi paraamarsikkunnu.
svayam bhagwan" enna krishnante prathyeka aaraadhanayude puraathanatha sthireekarikkunna aadyakaala jaina grandhangal budhamatha paarambaryatthinu vyakthamaayi avakashappedaan kazhiyaathathum jaina canoninte thanne munthalamurakalil thanne kandethaan kazhiyathathumaaya baaladevanmaarudeyum vaasudevanmaarudeyum rund vibhaagangale aavarthichu oonnipparayunnu. jaina paarambaryatthil eee novalukalude aamukham, athinaal, aadyakaala vaishnava paarambaryatthile rund janapriya vyakthikalaaya mathurayile balaraman krishnanum chuttumulla aithihyangale paraamarshikkaathe vishadeekarikkaan kazhiyilla.
mathura mekhalayil ninnu kandethiya puraavastu avashishtangal mourya, shunga kaalaghattangalil eee rund divyaroopangalude janapreeti athinte unnathiyilethiyennum bandhapetta bhagavatha matham mathurayilum padinjaaran indian pradeshangalilum vyaapakamaayi vyaapichittundenna vasthuthaye pinthunaykkunnu. magadhayil ninnu mathurayilekkulla jainanmaarude valia kudiyettavumaayi eee kaalaghattam poruthappedunnu. braahmana grandhangalil ninnu oru pinthunayumillaathe jaina puranangal baladevane halabhritham ennu vilikkunnu. puranangalil kaanapedunna krishnante vivaranathinu anusrithamaayaanu ellah vasudevanmaarum roopakalppana cheythirikkunnathu. niratthil neela-karupp (neela) ennu vilikkappedunna ivaye saadhaaranayaayi krishna iii. kku maathram baadhakamaaya niravadhi perukalaal namakaranam cheiyunnu.jii. keshavan, madhavan, govindan, vishnu, narayanan (vasudevan enna perinte paryaayamaayi ithu upayogikkunnu). puraanangalile asuranmaarumaayi bandhapetta mikka perukalum ethirvashangalude (allengil "prathi" vibhagangal) pattikayil ulppedunnu.
pathanjaliyude kaalathe chila pandithanmaarude abhipraayamanusarichu, mahaabhaarathatthile oru bhaagathil ninnu oohikkappedunnathupole krishnane vaasudevanumaayi thirichariyunnathu oru sthaapitha vasthuthayaan-("jagana kamsam kila vasudeva"). bisi aaram noottaand muthal anchaam noottaand vare paanini sthaapichathaayi karuthappedunna eee aadyakaala ghattam, addeham thante ashtaadyaayiyil vaasudevante bhakthanaya bhaktan enna nilayil vaasudevaka enna vaakk vishadeekarikkukayum vasudeva krishnane aaradhikkunna bhagavathamathamaanu indian charithratthile vaishnavamathathinte moolamennu vishwasikkukayum cheythu."
indian gupta kaalaghattatthil mathramalla, greekkukaarude chila charithrarekhakal krishna-vaasudevante bhakti paarambaryatthinte nilanilpp kaanikkunnu, krishna-vasudeva bhakthiyude purathana verine paanini polum kurachu pinthuna nalkunnu ennathu sradhikkendathaanu-(, "," allengil arjunayumaayi bandhappettirikkunnu), ennirunnaalum valare pinneedu (bisi randaam noottaand) pathanjaliyaanu "bhaktan" allengil "bhaktan" enna nirvachanathil "daivangalude daivamaaya vaasudevante anuyayi" ennu paraamarshikkunnath."
mattu upayogangal.
bhagavatha puraanatthil dhanwantari, vaamana, vishnu, vaikundadevan ennivayulppede mattu roopangalil eee padam upayogikkunnu. eee padam mattu roopangale paraamarsikkunna vaachakathil kaanappedunnundengilum, eee paraamarshangal krishnanekkurichulla paramarsham adisthaanamaakkiyulla krishna kendreekritha daivashaasthrathinte bhagamalla.
brahma vaivartha puraanavum garga samhithayum palappozhum krishnane paraamarshikkunnath, bhaktivinoda thakkura thante 'amnaaya soothra'-ll gaudiya vaishnava paarambaryatthil upayogichirikkunna padam-'krishnans thuu paripoornnaathma sarvatra sukha-roopaka' 'daivathvathinte yadhaartha paramonnatha vyakthithvam' ennu vivarthanam cheyyappedunnu.

