
gill fransdaal

kaaliforniyayile redwood sitti aasthaanamaayulla norwegian vamshajanaaya american budhamatha adthyaapakanum ezhuthukaaranum pandithanumaan gill francedall (jananam 1954). 1975 muthal sotto seen, vipassana vibhaagangalude budhamatham abhyasikkunna addeham nilavil saan francisco ulkkadal pradeshathu budhamatham padippikkunnu. vipasyanaa pariseelakanaaya jacq confield padippichathinaal, spiritt roock meditteshan sentarile vipasyanaa adhyaapakarude koottukettude bhagamaanu francedall. 1982ll saan francisco seen sentaril sotto seen purohithanaayi niyamithanaaya addeham 1985ll barmayile oru teravada sanyaasiyaayirunnu. 1995ll berkley seen sentarile madaadhipathiyaaya mell waitsmante pakkal ninnu addehathinu dharma prakshepanam labhichu.
redwood sittiyile insaitt meditteshan sentarinte (aii. emm. sii) maarganirddesha adhyaapakanaan addeham. stanford sarvakalashaalayil ninnu budhamatha padanatthil phd nediyittundu. oonlainil labhyamaya addehathinte niravadhi dharma prabhashanangalil dhyaanatheyum budhamathatheyum kurichulla adisthaana vivarangalum saadhaaranakkaarante thalatthil vishadeekaricha budhamathathekkurichulla sookshumamaaya ashayangalum adangiyirikkunnu.
amerikkayile eathoru budhamatha groupinteyum vijayathinte adisthaana soothravaakyam enthaayirikkaam eshyan saamskaarika aavishkaarangalil ninnu 'athmeeya' pariseelanam (athaayath dhyanam) neekkam cheythu" ennu thiricharinjathinte bahumati fransdallinu labhichittund. paashchaathya ulkkaazhcha dhyana prasthaanatthile" sila "(dhaarmikatha) yude parivartthanam cheyyappetta pankinekkurichulla vishakalanathinum" madhyavarga amerikkayile vipasana dhyaanatthinte janapreeti athinte "orthopraxy" (sariyaaya pravartthanam) enna sandeshavumaayum athinte saamskaarikavum charitraparavumaaya "baagejinte" abhavavumaayum bandhappettirikkunnave addehathinte kazhchappadinum francedall sradheyanaanu. addehathinte kruthikal aadyaraajyangalile janangalkk "aantharika adichamarthalinte yaadhaarthyathe samadhaanathinte yaadhaarthyathilekku maattaan" kazhiyunna oru margamaayum udharikkappettittundu, athesamayam 2005 ll addeham dhammapadayude vivarthanam koleju vidyaarthikale santhoshathekkurichu padippikkunnathinaayi nirddeshicha vaayana pattikayil ulppeduthiyittundu.
2011-ll, american theravaada buddhasanyasi bhikshu bhiku bodhi, loka-vimochanathinu oonnal nalkunnathinupakaram, lokathinullile swaathanthryathodulla edapazhakalinum avar [paashchaathya saadhaarana adhyapakar] oonnal nalkunnathinupakaram, parambaraagatha budhamatha sambradaayavum paashchaathya bhashayil padippikkappedunnathum thammilulla vyathyaasathe "manoharamaayi" samgrahikkunnathaayi thaazhepparayunna bhaagathil francedal udharichu. shareerathe nirasikkunnathinupakaram, eee paashchaathya adhyapakar shareerathe samagramaya pariseelana mekhalayude bhaagamaayi sweekarikkunnu. poornnamaaya prabudhatha, punarjanmachakrangal avasaanippikkal, vishudhathvathinte vividha gattangal kaivarikkal thudangiya aathyanthika athmeeya lakshyangalkk oonnal nalkunnathinupakaram, pala paashchaathya adhyaapakarum jeevithathinte vyathiyaanangalkkidayil bodhapoorvavum aswasthathayillaathathum samathvapoornavumaaya saannidhyathinte pettennulla nettangal oonnipparayunnu.eee sameepanam budhamathathinte parambaraagatha roopangal "nirasikkunnathinupakaram vipuleekarikkappedunnu" ennu visheshippikkappedunnu, vipasana adhyapakarodu "parambaraagatha budhamatham padikkaan, athu mothatthil sweekarikkunnathinalla, marichu enthaanu sweekarikkappedunnathenum sweekarikkaathathennum kooduthal bodhavaanmaaraayirikkanamennume, naveekaranathinu adisthaanamaaya anumanangalkkum uddeshyangalkkum kooduthal utharavaaditham ettedukkanamennum" francedall ahvaanam cheythu. athupole, "mathaparamaya" ennathinekkaal "athmeeya" ennu avarude pankaalitthatthe visheshippikkaan kooduthal saadhyathayulla parisheelakarkkidayil, athmeeya jeevithathile pradhana gadakangalaayi snehadaya, dhaarmikatha, audaaryam ennivayude parambaraagatha buddha moolyangalumaayi dhyaanathe "budhamatha paathayude hridayam" aayi avatharippikkunnathayi francedall amgeekarikkappedunnu.
2008-ll canadian vamshajanaaya kaviyum berkleyile california sarvakalaashaalayile engleesh professorumaaya peettar dayle scott "breathing exercisa eiii hau-tuu poyam" enna thalakkettil francedalinu samarppicha oru kavita prasidheekarichu."