
foyil (fluid mechanics)

chalikkunna draavakathil aakramanathinu anuyojyamaaya konil sthaapikkumbol liftt (draavaka pravaahathinu lambamaayi srishtikkunna balam) valichidunnathinekkaal (draavaka pravaahathinu samaantharamaayi srishtikkunna balam) ganyamaayi valuthaanu. draavakam vaathakamaanenkil, foyiline airfoyil allengil aerophoyil ennum draavakam vellamaanenkil foyiline hydrophoyil ennum vilikkunnu.
foyilukalude bhauthikashaasthram.
oru foyil praadhamikamaayi athinte aakruthiyum aakramana konum kaaranam liftt srishtikkunnu. anuyojyamaaya konil ooriyantad cheyyumbol, foyil varaanirikkunna draavakathe vyathichalippikkunnu, athinte falamaayi foyil vyathichalanathin ethirdishayil oru balatthinu kaaranamaakunnu. eee balatthe rund gadakangalaayi pariharikkaam liftt, dragg. foyilinu sameepathulla draavakathinte eee "thiriyal" valanja streamlineukal srishtikkunnu, ithu oru vashath kuranja marddathinum maruvashathu uyarnna marddathinum kaaranamaakunnu. eee mardha vyathyaasathodoppam bernauliyude thathwathiloode oru vegatha vyathyasavum undu, athinaal positteev angle oof attaakk ulla foyilukalkkum phlait plettukal ozhike, foyiline chuttipattiyulla flofieldinu mukalile uparithalathil thaazhnna uparithalathekkaal uyarnna sharashari vegathayundu.
draavakam amarthaanaavaathappol baadhakamaaya lalithamaaya navier-stokku samavaakyangalaan flofieldinekkurichu kooduthal vishadamaaya vivaranam nalkunnathu. ennirunnaalum, kuranja vegathayil vaayuvinte compressibilityude phalangal valare kuravaayathinaal, draavakathinte ozhukk shabdathinte vegathayekkaal (ekadesham mack 0.3 vare) kurravaanengil eee lalithamaaya samavaakyangal airfoyilukalkkum hydrophoyilukalkkum upayogikkaam.
adisthaana design parigananakal.
ettavum lalithamaaya tharam foyil oru paranna plateanu. oru konil (aakramana koonn) ozhukkil sthaapikkumbol plate athiloode kadannupokunna draavakathe vyathichalippikkukayum eee vyathichalanathin plettil oru liftt fozhsu undaakukayum cheyyum. ennirunnaalum, ithu liftt srishtikkumbol, ithu valia alavil valichidalum srishtikkunnu.
oru paranna plettinu polum liftt srishtikkaan kazhiyumennathinaal, foyil roopakalppanayile oru pradhana ghadakam valichidal kuraykkuka ennathaanu. oru bottinteyo vimaanathinteyo chukkaaniyaan ithinu udaaharanam. oru chukkaani roopakalppana cheyyumbol oru pradhana design ghadakam athinte neutral positionil valichidal kuraykkuka ennathaanu, ithu nyayamaaya nirakkil kraaft tirikkaan mathiyaya liftt uthppaadippikkendathinta aavasyakathayumaayi santhulithamaanu.
vaayuvilum vellathilum kaanapedunna prakrithidathavum manushyanirmmithavumaya mattu foyilukalkku, liftt-induced dragg, phloo seppareshan, staal (pakshi parakkal, phiin, airfoyil, placoid skeyil, tuberkle, vortex janarettar, canard (closs-cuppled), bload flap, leading edju sloat, leading edju slaattukal), athupole wing tipp vortisukal (wing lettu kaanuka) ennivayude arambham vaikippikkukayo niyanthrikkukayo cheiyunna savisheshathakalundu.
vaayuvilum vellathilum uyarnna sheshi.
oru foyilinu uyarthaan kazhiyunna bharam athinte liftt coffificient, draavakathinte saandrata, foyil eriya, vegatha square ennivaykku aanupaathikamaanu. 10 meter visthruthiyum 10 chathurashra meter visthruthiyumulla oru paranna plettinte uyarthal sheshi thaazhepparayunnava kaanikkunnu, vyathyastha uyarangalilum jalathinte aazhathilum 10 meter/second vegathayil neengunnu. 11 kilometer uyarathilulla liftt oru dettamaayi upayogikkunnu, uyaram kurayunnathinanusarichu (vaayuvinte saandrata vardhikkunnu) liftt engane vardhikkunnuvennu kaanikkunnu. ithu bhoochalanathinte swaadheenavum vaayuvil ninnu vellathilekku pookunna saandrata vardhikkunnathinte phalavum kaanikkunnu. 
 uyaram 11 kilometetar 1.0 (thaarathamyathinu dettam)
 5 meter 3.4
 bhoothalathil 4.1
 jala uparithala padhathi 1,280
 1, 420 perr vellathinadiyilaayi
 aazham 5 meter 2,840
 10 kilometer 2,860