
land camera

1948num 1983num idayil poloroid nirmmicha svayam vikasippikkunna philim camerayude oru maathrkayaanu land camera. 1943num 1947num idayil svayam vikasippikkunna photographicaayi oru prakriya vikasippicha american shaasthranjanaaya edwin laandinte perilaanu ithu ariyappedunnathu. 1982ll edwin land poloroidil ninnu viramichathinusesham camerayude peril ninnu 'land' enna peru ozhivaakki. ekadesham oru minittinullil sepia niratthilulla printukal nirmmicha 95 modalaan vaanijyaparamaayi labhyamaya aadyathe model. 1948 november 26naanu ithu aadyamaayi pothujanagalkk vilkkappettath.
sinima.
poloroid sthaapakanaaya edwin land kandupidicha photography vikasana prakriya, oru riyejant vazhi chayangal negatteevil ninnu positteeviloode neekkaan defusion transfer upayogikkunnu. cameraykkullil oru negatteevu sheett thurannukaattukayum pinneedu oru positteev sheett upayogichu varivariyayi nirthukayum oru koottam rollarukaliloode amarthippidikkukayum athu rund paalikalkkidayil oru reactor vyaapippikkukayum oru vikasichukondirikkunna philim "sandwich" srishtikkukayum cheythu. negatteevu vegathil vikasichu, athinusesham thurannukaattappedaatha chila silver halide daanyangalum (athil adangiyirikkunna olinjirikkunna chithravum) reactor layikkukayum negatteevil ninnu positteevaayilekku vyaapikkukayum cheythu. oru minittinusesham, camerayude pinbhagam thurakkukayum print velippeduthunnathinaayi negatteevu tholiyaakkukayum cheythu.
1963ll land "polacolar" paaykk philim avatharippichu, ithu thalkshana varnna photographukal saadhyamaakki. eee prakriyayil camerayil ninnu rund taabukal valikkunnath ulppedunnu, randaamathethu camerayil ninnu vikasippikkunnathinayi rollarukaliloode philim sandwich valichedukkunnu. neela, pacha, chuvapp ennivayodu samvedanakshamathayulla emulsionte moonnu paalikal adangiya oru negatteevu ulppedunna thalkshana varnna prakriya valare sankeernamaanu. oro paalikkum thaazhe manja, majanta, sian ennee nirangalil anukkal vikasippikkunna chaayangalund. prakasham oru emulsion paaliyil pathikkumbol, athu athinu thaazheyulla pooraka chaayathe thadayunnu. udaaharanathinu, neela sensitiivu emulsion paaliyil adikkumbol, athu manja niratthe thadayunnu, pakshe majanta, sian chayangal positteevaayilekku marran anuvadikkunnu, ithu samyojichu neela srishtikkunnu. pachayum chuvappum (manja) athath paalikalil adikkumbol, athu avaykku thaazheyulla majanthayudeyum sayanudeyum pooraka chaayangale thadayunnu, ithu manja chayam maathrame positteevaayilekku maattaan anuvadikkunnulloo.
1972-ll, integral philim avatharippichu, athu upayokthaavin vikasanathinu samayamedukkukayo positteevil ninnu negatteevu ozhivaakkukayo cheyyendathilla. eee prakriya adhika samayavum sweekarikkunna paalikalum ulla polacolar philiminu samanamaayirunnu. oru poloroid photoyumaayi saadhaaranayaayi bandhappettirikkunna oru plaastik kavarilekku photo thurannukattunnathinum vikasippikkunnathinum sariyaakkunnathinum philim thanne ellah paalikalum samyojippikkunnu. poloroid sx-70 aanu eee philim upayogicha aadyathe camera.
sx-70 philim mechappeduthalukal uyarnna vegathayulla 600 seerees filimilekkum pinneedu 500 seerees (captiva), spectra thudangiya vyathyastha formaattukalilekkum nayichu.
camerakal.
roll philim.
yadhaartha camerakal shareerathil madakki, prakasha paatha samrakshikkaan bellos upayogichu. chithram rund spoolukalil sthaapichu, onnu negatteevu rollum onnu positteev paper riyejant podukalum. cameraykkullil sinima vikasichu. ithinu apavaadam, cameraykku purathu vikasippikkunnathinayi camera bodiyil ninnu philim valichedukkunna haard body roll philim camerayaaya poloroid swingeraanu. rolfilm camerakalkkaayulla chithram 1992ll nirthalaakkappettu.
100 seerees paaykk camerakal.
rolfilm modalukalkk sesham vikasippichedutha eee camerakal puthuthayi vikasippicha 100 seerees paaykk philim upayogikkunnathinaanu roopakalppana cheythirikkunnathu. swingarilethupole cameraykku purathu vikasippikkunnathinayi philim sandwich camerayil ninnu valichedukkukayum ennaal rund vyathyastha rolukalkku pakaram 8 exposureukal adangiya compact eluppathil loducheyyunna philim paaykkaayi nirmmikkukayum cheythu. haard body plaastik modalukal pinneedu vilakuranja modalukalkk pakaram vilakuranja bello modalukalkk pakaram vipananam cheythu.
madakkikkalayunna kalarpaakk camerakalude naalu thalamurakalunda 100,200,300,400 seereesukal. 2008ll poloroid 2009oode athinte ellah chithrangalum nirthalaakkumennu prakhyaapichu, 2016ll fujifilim paakk philim nirmmikkunnath nirtthi.vii. 600, sx-70 camerakalkkaayi polaroid integrative type philim nirmmikkukayum vilkkukayum cheiyunnu. 2019 septambaril spectra/imej philim nirthalaakki.
athesamayam, bob crolley, nyoo55, nikshepakanaaya david boonnet, florian caps, asaadhyamaaya padhathiyude sthaapakan (ippol polaroid bii.vii.), nyoo55 enna labelinu keezhil madakkikkalayunna kalarpaakk camerakalkkaayi packfilm nirmmikkaan kazhinju. nyoo55 philim 2017 desember 31 nuu pravartthanam avasaanippichu.
supersense (florian caps sthaapichathum) nilavil oonn insttant enna peril polaroid nirmmicha yadhaartha 8x10 philimil ninnu kaikondu nirmmicha single-shoat paaykkukal nirmmikkunnu.

