
chalana-preritha andhatha

boneyude midhyaabodham ennum ariyappedunna chalana preritha andhatha (mib) oru drishya midhyaadhaaranayaanu, athil displayude madhyabhaagathu sthiramaayi nokkumbol oru valia, thudarchayaayi neengunna paatten chila cheria, thudarchayaayi avatharippikkappedunna, nischalamaaya kuthukale kaazhchayil ninnu maaychukalayunnu. oru vertual golatthil valia paatten aayi neengunna neela kuthukalude oru koottavum cheria paatten aayi moonnu cheria manja kuthukalum upayogicha bonne, cooperman, saggy (2001) ennivaraanu ithu kandethiyathu. ekadesham 10 secondinullil onno athiladhikamo kuthukal hraswavum kramarahithavumaaya samayathekku aprathyakshamayathaayi avar kandethi. 
maikkal baachu (2002) upayogicha oru mib displayude punarnirmmaanamaan sachitra pathipp. baachu neela kuthukalude 3dii koottatthinu pakaram neela krosinte parannathum karangunnathumaya matricks upayogikkukayum aalukalkk avarude annukal sookshikkaan oru kendra, pacha, minnunna dott cherkkukayum cheythu. ithu manja kuthukalude sakthamaaya aprathyakshathaykk kaaranamaakunnu.
boonn thudangiyavar. drishya samvidaanam vijayikalaaya ellah tharatthilum pravarthikkunnuvennu vaadikkunna, midhyayude kaaranagal sradhaaprakaaramulla samvidaanangalkku kaaranamaakunnu.
bandhapetta midhyaadhaaranakal.
1593ll kandethiya binocular vairudhyam-mattoru kannin mattoru paatten avatharippikkumbol oru kannin eluppathil drishyamaakunna, nischalamaaya paattenukalude aprathyakshatha sambhavikkam. ithu mattoru kanninte paatten neengumbozhum sambhavikkunnu.
1898ll kandethiya monocular vairudhyam-rund paattenukalum onno rando annukalkku munnil avatharippikkumbol samaanavum ennaal durbalavumaaya aprathyakshathakal sambhavikkunnu. koodaathe, oraal nokkunnidathu ninnu akaleyulla eluppathil drishyamaakunna nischala paattenukal sthiramaaya sthireekaranathode aprathyakshamaakum-1804ll kandethiya troxlerinte mangal. flash adichamarthal, chalana-preritha interocular adichamarthal ennivayaanu mattu anubandha midhyaadhaaranakal.
kaaranagal.
interhemispier switch.
binocular malsarasamayathu oru vyakthiyude switch nirakkum athe vyakthiyil mibil aprathyakshamaakukayum veendum prathyakshappedukayum cheiyunna nirakkum thammil oru parasparabandhamund. manushya janasamkhyayile 8-10 x shreniyile switch nirakkukalil ninnu mathiyaya sample ulppedumbol ithu ettavum vyakthamaan. koodaathe, tms, mib saikkilinte transcranial magnetic stimuleshan thadassangal samyukthamaayi nirddishtamaanu, ardhagolathinu tms pulse mib saikkilinte ghattavum labhikkunnu, aprathyakshamaakunna ghattam idathu ardhagolathiloode thadassappedaan saadhyathayund tms, veendum prathyakshappedunna ghattam valath ardhagola thadassathinu vidheyamaan. eee reethiyil, mib binocular malsaram poleyaanu, avide kalori westibular stimuleshan (allengil tms) upayogichu ardhagola krithrimathvangalkku cerebral ardhagolathinteyum ghattathinteyum sariyaaya samyojanam (naalil onnu saadhyathakal) aavasyamaanu.
eee nireekshanangalil ninnu, maib oru interhemispieric switching prathibhaasamaanennum binocular sathrutha, played moshan sathrutha thudangiya thaalaathmakavum biphasic, perseptual shathruthakalude vibhaagathile apratheekshitha amgamaanennum vadikkam. eee formulationil, mibil aprathyakshamaakunnath idathu ardhagolathinte vaijnjaanika shailiyude adisthaanathil manassilakkaan kazhiyum, athu palathil ninnum orotta saadhyatha thiranjedukkukayum mattullavaye avaganikkukayo nishedhikkukayo cheiyunnu (nishedham idathu vashathe savisheshamaaya prathirodha samvidaanangalilonnaanu, ithu idathu ardhagolathile unmaadathinte pakshapaathatthil athishayokthi cheiyunnu). mib veendum prathyakshappedunnathu sariyaaya ardhagolathinu kaaranamaakunnu, athinte "discrippency dittaktar" cognitive stail ellah saadhyathakalum vilayiruthunnu, athinaal thilakkamulla manja uthejanathe avaganikkanulla pakshapathaparamaaya theerumaanathodu viyojikkunnu. eee formulationte oru anantharafalamaanu mib maanasikaavasthayum thammilulla pravachanatheethamaaya bandhamaan, ithu austreliyayil abc tvyude kaattalist prograam kaanunna aayirakkanakkin kazhchakkaaril vijayakaramaayi pareekshichu, avide ullasabharitharaaya vyakthikalil kooduthal kaalam aprathyakshamaaya gattangal nireekshikkappettu, valare hraswamo allengil illaathirunnatho aaya, aprathyakshamaavuka ennathu sammarddam, aaghaatham, vishaadam ennivayude dysphoriayude oru savisheshathayaayirunnu.
uparithala poorttheekaranam.
niravadhi psychophysical kandethalukal uparithala poorttheekaranatthinteyum drishyabodhathil aazhathilulla soochanakaludeyum praadhaanyam oonnipparayunnu. athinaal, eee gadakangal mibine baadhikkukayaanenkil athu lalithamaaya oklooshan thathwangalkkanusrithamaayi niyanthrikkum. avarude padanatthil, graph thudangiyavar. (2002) stereoscopic staatik dottukalude athe thalathinu pinnilo munnilo allengil athe thalatthilo sajjeekarichirikkunna oru chalikkunna grid uthejakathe avatharippichu. sthiramaaya lakshyangalumayi edapedunna oru uparithalathilekku grid gadakangalude swamedhayaa poorttheekaranam avar kaanichu-ithu thadassathinte oru midhyaadhaarana srishtikkunnu. grid lakshyangalkk munnil prathyakshappettappol athu pinnilo athe thalatthilo aayirunnathinekkaal kooduthalaayirunnu aprathyakshamakaanulla anupatham. oru paridhivare, perseptual oklooshan nadakkaattha saahacharyangalil (lakshyangal maskinu munnilaayirunnu) mib sambhavichu.
mibil lakshyasthaanathuninnula aprathyakshathayil interposition, aazham enniva kaanikkunna phalavum suu thudangiyavar nadatthiya oru padanatthil kaanichittundu. (2010) athinte chuttupaadukalkk pinnil drishyamaakunna oru konkevu taargett maskinu munnil drishyamaakunna oru convex targettinekkaal kooduthal thavana aprathyakshamaakunnu. eee efakttukal, praadhaanyakkuravaanenkilum, chalanatthinte upayogamillaathe samanamaaya krameekaranangalil aavarthichu.
uparithala poorttheekaranatthinum lalithamaaya oklooshan pramanangalkkum pravachanatheethamaayi mib modulate cheyyaan kazhiyumennu melpparanja pareekshanangal kaanikkunnu. ennirunnaalum. avar mibinte uthbhavam vishadeekarikkunnilla, mathramalla athu mattu prakriyakale maathram prakopippikkunnathaayir. koodaathe, uparithala poorttheekarana sidhaantham eee prathibhaasatthile chalanatthinte punk vishadeekarikkunnilla.
perseptual filling-inn.
hsu "thudangiyava."(2004) embine perseptual filling-inn (pfi) enna samanamaaya oru prathibhasavumaayi thaarathamyam cheythu, ithu perseptum censory inputum thammilulla sradheyamaaya verthiriv velippeduthunnu. pashchaathalatthil (niram, thelicham allengil gadanayude athe reethiyil) aayirikkathe vishwal feeldinte oru prathyeka pradeshathu kaanapedunna vishwal attributeukalaayi avaa randineyum vivarikkunnu, angane lakshyam aprathyakshamaakunnu. emm. aii. bii. yilum pii. eph. aii. yilum aprathyakshamaakal allengil pashchaathala chalana uthejakangal ulppeduthunnathu, vikendrata vardhikkunnathinodoppam, vipareethamaayi kurayunnathinoppam, mattu uthejakangalumaayi perseptual grouping niyanthrikkumbol kooduthal aazhathilullathayi maarunnuvenn avar vaadikkunnu. eee rund midhyaadhaaranakalum paraspara prakriyakalude falamaayirikkaam. emm. bii. aiyum pii. eph. aiyum gadanaaparamaayi samaanamaayathinaal, andhamaya sthalathum chalanamulla scotomakalilum udaneelam nashtappetta vivarangal poortthiyaakkunnathinu utharavaadiyaaya oru prathibhaasamaan emm. aii. bii ennu vishwasaneeyamaayi thonnunnu.
chalana strick adichamarthal.
nammude vishwal prosessinghinte kuravinekkaal, chalanathekkurichulla mikacha dhaarana sugamamakkaanulla vishwal sisttathinte shramathinte oru pravarthanaparamaaya paarshwafalamaayirikkaam mib. valis aandu arnold (2009) mibil taargett aprathyakshamaakunnathine chalana strike adichamarthalinu kaaranamakunna prakriyakalumaayi bandhippichu vishwasaneeyamaaya oru vishadeekaranam nirddeshikkunnu. avarude kazhchappadil, lakshyasthaanangal aprathyakshamaakunnath chalikkunna roopathekkurichu vyakthamaaya dhaarana nalkaanulla nammude kaazhchayude shramathinte paarshwafalamaanu. mib pradarshanangal samathulithaavasthayil thadassappeduthukayum chalanatthinte pinbhagangalil vardhippikkukayum cheiyunnu, ivayellaam chalanarekha adichamarthunnathine anusmarippikkunnu. speshiyodemboral luminancinode sensitiivu aaya oru neural signal proximate nischala lakshyangalodu prathikarikkunna oru neural signal thammilulla malsaramaanu mibinu kaaranamaakunnathenn thonnunnu; eathu nimishavum nammal yadhaarthathil manassilakkunna kaaryangalumaayi sakthamaaya signal sambhavikkunnu (donner thudangiyava.", 2008).
perseptual scotoma.
vyakthavum krithyavumaaya dhaarana nalkaanulla nammude vishwal sisttathinte shramathinte mattoru udaaharanamaanu eee prathibhaasamenn nyoo aandu schole (2008) vyathyasthamaaya vishadeekarana sameepanam nirddeshikkunnu. pashchaathala chalanavumaayi bandhappett staatik targettukal maattamillaathathaayi thonnunnathinaal, drishya samvidaanam avaye nammude avabodhathil ninnu neekkam cheiyunnu, athu daaranayudeyum yadhaartha jeevita saahacharyangaludeyum yukthiykk virudhamaanennu paranju upekshikkunnu; angane athine affiliate cheytha rettinayudeyo scotomayudeyo oru bhaagamaayi kanakkakkunnu. eee vivaranavumayi poruthappedunna vastutha enthennaal, rettinayil sthirathayulla lakshyangal rettinayiloode neengunnathinekkaal aprathyakshamaakaan kaaranamaakunnu ennathaanu.
prathyaaghaathangal.
nammude drishyadhaaranaykku adisthaanamaaya samvidaanangal emm. aii. bii velippeduthiyekkaam.
laboratoric purathu mib sambhavikkunnundo ennu gaveshakar sradhikkaathe oohichu. chila ratri drivermar munkaala kaarukal nischalamaaya chuvanna teyil laittukal kaanumbol avar varaanirikkunna traafikkil ninnu chalikkunna laittukalude ozhukkilekku shradhikkumbol thaalkkaalikamaayi aprathyakshamaakunnath polulla saahacharyangal cases poyintukalaayirikkaam.