
aathidheya adhishtitha nuzhanjukayatta kandethal samvidaanam

oru network adhishtitha nuzhanjukayatta kandethal samvidaanam (nids) pravartthikkunna reethikk samaanamaayi oru computing sisttathinte aantharikavum network interfaceukalile network paakkattukalum nireekshikkaanum vishakalanam cheyyaanum kazhivulla oru nuzhanjukayatta kandethal samvidaanamaanu hoost adhishtitha nuzhanjukayatta kandethal samvidaanam (hids). roopakalppana cheytha aadyathe tharam nuzhanjukayattam kandethal softweyaraayirunnu ithu, yadhaartha taargett sisttam mainframe kambyoottaraayirunnu, avide baahya edapedal apoorvamaayirunnu.
avalokanam.
oru hoost adhishtitha aidikalkku athu engane krameekarichirikkunnu ennathine adisthaanamaakki chalanathmakamaaya perumaattatthinteyum computer sisttathinte avasthayudeyum ellah bhaagangalum nireekshikkaan kazhiyum. eee nirddishta hosttine lakshyamitulla network paakkattukal chalanathmakamaayi parishodhikkunnath polulla pravarthanangalkku purame (vaanijyaparamaayi labhyamaya mikka software solyushanukalumulla oopshanal ghadakam), eathu prograam eathu resourceukal axus cheiyunnuvennu oru hidukal kandethukayum udaaharanathinu, oru vaid prosessor pettennu vishadeekarikkaanaavaatha reethiyil sisttam passwade daattaabes parishkkarikkan thudangiyathayi kandethukayum cheyyum. athupole oru maravukal oru sisttathinte avasthayum athinte sambharicha vivarangalum, ramilaayaalum phayal systethilaayaalum logue fayalukalilaayaalum mattevideyengilum aayalum nokkaam; ivayude ulladakkangal pratheekshichathupole kaanappedunnundo ennu parisodhikkuka, udha.jii. nuzhanjukayatakkaar avare mattiyittilla.
aantharikamo bahyavumaaya enthengilum allengil aarenkilum sisttathinte suraksha nayathe marikadannittundo ennu nireekshikkunna oru ejantaayi oraalkk oru hidukalekkurichu chinthikkam.
chalanathmakamaaya perumaattam nireekshikkuka.
aanti-vairas (evi) paakkejukalude roopathil dynamic sisttam swabhaavam nireekshikkunna upakaranangal pala computer upayokthaakkalum nerittittundu. evi prograamukal palappozhum sisttam avastha nireekshikkumbol, oru computerinullil aaraan enthaanu cheiyunnathennum oru prograam prathyeka sisttam resourceukalilekku praveshikkanamo vendayo ennum nokkaan avar dhaaraalam samayam chelavazhikkunnu. pala upakaranangalum pravarthanakshamathayil ovarlaappu cheiyunnathinaal ivide lineukal mangunnu.
chila nuzhanjukayatta prathirodha samvidaanangal sisttam memmariyile buffer overflo akramanangalil ninnu samrakshikkukayum suraksha nayam nadappilaakkukayum cheyyum.
nireekshana samsthaanam.
oru marayude pradhana pravartthanam vijayakaramaya nuzhanjukayatakkaar (hackermar) saadhaaranayaayi avarude pravartthanangalude oru adayaalam avasheshippikkum enna vasthuthaye aasrayichirikkunnu. vaasthavathil, atharam nuzhanjukayatakkaar palappozhum avar akramicha computer swanthamaakkaan aagrahikkunnu, koodaathe nuzhanjukayattakkaarkk bhaviyil eathu pravartthanavum (keystrock logging, aidantitti moshanam, spamming, boatnet pravartthanam, spiware-upayogam muthalaayava) nadatthaan avasaram nalkunna software instaal cheythukondu avarude "udamasthaavakaasham" sthaapikkum.) avar vibhavanam cheiyunnu.
sidhaanthathil, oru computer upayokthaavin atharam mattangal kandethanulla kazhivundu, maravukal athu cheyyaan sramikkukayum athinte kandethalukal report cheyyukayum cheiyunnu.
oru hids oru nidukalumaayi samyojichu pravartthikkunnu, athaayath oru hids nidukalkku mukaliloode thennimariya enthum kandethunnu. vaanijyaparamaayi labhyamaya software pariharangal palappozhum lakshyamitta hosttil oru network nuzhanjukayattakkaaran vijayichittundo illayo ennu kandethunnathinayi nidukalil ninnum hidukalil ninnumulla kandethalukale parasparabandhithamaakkunnu.
ettavum vijayakaramaya nuzhanjukayatakkaar, oru taargett mesheenil praveshikkumbol, avar nuzhanjukayariya sisttam surakshithamakkaan udan thanne mikacha suraksha saankethikavidyakal prayogikkunnu, avarude swantham pinvaathil maathram thurannirikkunnu, angane mattu nuzhanjukayattakkaarkk avarude computerukal ettedukkaan kazhiyilla.
saankethikavidya.
saadhaaranayaayi oru hids athu nireekshikkenda sisttam objectukalude oru daattaabes (object-daattaabes) upayogikkunnu-saadhaaranayaayi (pakshe aavasyamilla) phayal sisttam objectukal. memmariyude uchithamaaya pradeshangal parishkkarichittillenna oru hidukalkku parisodhikkaanum kazhiyum-udaaharanathinu, linuxinulla sisttam kooll table microsopht vindosile vividha vitable gadanakalum.
samshayaaspadamaaya oro vastuvinum oru hidukal saadhaaranayaayi athinte attributeukal (anumathikal, valuppam, parishkkarana theeyathikal) oormmikkukayum ulladakkangalkk eathenkilum tharatthilulla (oru emdi 5, shhaa 1 haash allengil samanamaaya) cheksam srishtikkukayum cheyyum. eee vivarangal pinneedu thaarathamyappeduthunnathini (cheksam daattaabes) oru surakshita daattaabesil sambharikkappedunnu.
oru end pooyintinte (server, varkksteshan allengil mattu end upakaranam) network interface (nick) thalatthil nids tharam pravartthanam nalkuka ennathaanu maraykkanulla mattoru reethi. network leyaril maravukal nalkunnathu aakramanathinte uravidathinte (aipi vilasam) kooduthal vishadamaaya logging nalkunnathinteyum paakkat daatta polulla aakramana vishadaamshangal nalkunnathinteyum nettamaanu, iva randum dynamic behavioural monittaring sameepanathin kaanaan kazhiyilla.
ooppareshan.
instaaleshan samayat-nireekshicha eathenkilum vasthukkal niyamaanusrithamaayi maarumbozhellaam-oru hidukal prasakthamaaya vasthukkal scan cheythukondu athinte cheksam-daattaabes aarambikkanam. daattaabesil (kall) anadhikritha mattangal varuthunna nuzhanjukayattakkare thadayunnathinu computer surakshayude chumatalayilulla vyakthikal eee prakriya karsanamaayi niyanthrikkendathundu. atharam prarambheekaranam saadhaaranayaayi valareyadhikam samayamedukkukayum nireekshicha oro vasthuvum cheksam daattaabesukalum allengil athilum moshamaayi cryptographic aayi loock cheiyunnathu ulppedunnu. ekkaaranathaal, hidukalude nirmmathaakkal saadhaaranayaayi cheksam daattaabesilekk pathivayi apdettukal anaavashyamaakkunna vidhathil object-daattaabes nirmmikkunnu.
computer sisttangalil saadhaaranayaayi nuzhanjukayatakkaar parishkkarikkan aagrahikkunna niravadhi chalanathmaka (pathivayi maarunna) vasthukkalundu-avaye oru olippikkunnath nireekshikkanam-ennaal avayude chalanathmaka swabhaavam cheksam saankethikavidyaykku anuyojyamallathaakkunnu. eee prashnam marikadakkaan, marachuvekkunna mattu vividha kandethal saankethikavidyakal upayogikkunnu maarunna phayal-attributeukal nireekshikkuka, avasaanamaayi parishodhichathinushesham valippam kuranja logue-fayalukal, asaadhaarana sambhavangal kandethunnathinulla mattu niravadhi marggangal.
oru sisttam administrettar anuyojyamaaya object-daattaabes nirmmikkukayum cheksam-daattaabes aarambikkukayum cheythaal, nireekshicha vasthukkal pathivayi scan cheyyaanum thettayi thonniyekkaavunna enthum report cheyyaanum aavasyamullathellaam hidukalundu. reportukal logukal, iii-meyilukal allengil samanamaaya roopathil edukkaam.
maravukal samrakshikkuka.
object-daattaabes, cheksam-daattaabes, athinte reportukal enniva eathenkilum tharatthilulla krithrimathvathil ninnu thadayaan oru maravu saadhaaranayaayi valareyadhikam pookum. ellaathinumupari, nuzhanjukayatakkaar olippichuvekkunna eathenkilum vasthukkal parishkkarikkunnathil vijayikkukayaanenkil, suraksha administrettarmaar uchithamaaya munkaruthalukal edukkunnillenkil atharam nuzhanjukayattakkare olichuvekkunnathil ninnu thadayaan kazhiyilla. udaaharanathinu, pala puzhukkalum vairasukalum aanti-vairas upakaranangal pravarthanarahithamaakkaan sramikkum.
kriptto-saankethikavidyakalkku purame, daattabesukal sidi-roome allengil mattu reed-onli memory upakaranagalil (apoorva apdettukalkku anukoolamaaya mattoru ghadakam) sambharikkaan hids administrettarmaare anuvadichekkaam...) allengil avaa chila oof-sisttam memmariyil sookshikkuka. athupole, oru hidukal palappozhum athinte logukal udan thanne oof-systethilekku ayaykkum-saadhaaranayaayi chila kendra maanejment systethilekku vpn chaanalukal upayogikkunnu.
vishwasaneeyamaaya plaattphom modyoolil oru tharam hidukal ulppedunnuvennu oraalkk vadikkam. athinte vyaapthi oru maravil ninnu pala tharatthil vyathyaasappettirikkunnum, adisthaanaparamaayi ithu oru computerinte oru bhaagath enthengilum/aarenkilum krithrimam nadathiyittundo ennu thirichariyaanulla oru maarggam nalkunnu. vaasthuvidhyaaparamaayi ithu aathyanthikamayi (kuranjathu) hoost adhishtitha nuzhanjukayatta kandethal nalkunnu, sipiyuvin purathulla hardwareine aasrayichirikkunnu, angane oru nuzhanjukayattakkaaran athinte vasthuvum cheksam daattaabesukalum kedaayathaakkunnath valare budhimuttaakkunnu.
sweekaranam.
network maanejarmarkk malware kandethunnathinulla upayogapradamaaya maargamaan hoost adhishtitha nuzhanjukayatta-kandethal sisttam software ennu infoweld prasthaavikkunnu, koodaathe nirnaayaka servarukalil mathramalla, ellah serverukalilum ithu pravarthippikkaan avar nirddeshikkunnu.