
internaashanal vaattar maanejment instittyoott

sreelankayile columbo aasthaanavum aafrikkayilum eshyayilum udaneelamulla offeesukalumulla sijiyarinu keezhilulla laabhechayillaathe pravartthikkunna oru anthaaraashtra jala maanejment gaveshana samghadanayaanu internaashanal vaattar maanejment instittyoott (aii. dablyu. emm. aii). paristhithi samrakshikkunnathinoppam bhakshyasurakshaykk adithara paakukayum daaridryam kuraykkukayum cheyyuka enna lakshyathode jalavum bhoomiyum engane kaikaaryam cheiyunnu ennathil instittyoottile gaveshanam shradha kendreekarikkunnu.
kalavastha vyathiyanavumaayi poruthappedal ulppede jalathinte labhyathayum labhyathayum; vellam engane upayogikkunnu, athu engane kooduthal ulppaadanakshamamaayi upayogikkaam; jalathinte gunanilavaaravum aarogyavum paristhithiyumaayulla bandhavum; samoohangal avarude jalavibhavangale engane niyanthrikkunnu ennathilaanu athinte gaveshanam shradha kendreekarikkunnathu. kaarshika jala maanejment mechappeduthunnathinum bhakshyasuraksha vardhippikkunnathinum paristhithi aarogyam samrakshikkunnathinum vikaswara raajyangalile daaridryam laghookarikkunnathinum sahaayicha pioneering gaveshanathinu stockholm internaashanal vaattar instittyoott 2012 ll aivmiye prashasthamaaya stockholm vaattar prais jethavaayi aadarichu.
susthira vikasanathinaayi gaveshanathil earppettirikkunna samghadanakale onnippikkukayum vellam, bhoomi, aavaasavyavastha ennivayekkurichulla sajiyar gaveshana paripaadikku neethrthwam nalkukayum cheiyunna aagola gaveshana pankaalitthamaaya sajiyaarile amgamaanu aivmi. jala kaarshika samvidaanangal (aas); kalavastha vyathiyaanam, krishi, bhakshyasuraksha (sii. sii. eiii. eph); varanda bhoopradesam samvidaanangal; eerppamulla ushnamekhalaa pradeshangalkkaayulla samyojitha samvidaanangal ennivayekkurichulla sijiyar gaveshana paripaadikalilum aii. dablyu. emm. aii pankaaliyaanu.
charithram.
jalasechanathil neratthe shradha kendreekarikkuka.
anthaaraashtra kaarshika gaveshanathekkurichulla consultative groupinteyum lokabaankinteyum pinthunayode 1985 ll foord foundeshanum sreelangan sarkkarum chernnaanu internaashanal irrigation maanejment instittyoott (aii. aii. emm. aii) enna peril instittyoott sthaapichathu. 1940 muthal 1970 vareyulla haritaviplavakaalathu valia thothilulla jalasechana samvidaanangal nirmmikkaan kodikkanakkinu dollar chelavazhichirunnu. puthiya valangal, keedanashinikal, uyarnna vilavu nalkunna vithukal ennivaykkoppam iva pala rajyangaleyum kooduthal alavil bhakshyavilakal ulppaadippikkaan sahayichu. ennirunnaalum, 1980kalude madhyathode, eee jalasechana samvidaanangal kaaryakshamamaayi pravarthikkunnilla; enthukondaanennu kandethuka ennathaayirunnu aimiyude jolie.
jalasechanathe badhikkunna prasnangal palappozhum saankethikathekkaal sthaapanaparamaanennu aimiyude gaveshakar kandethi. jala maanejment theerumaanangalil karshakare ulppeduthaan shramicha oru sameepanamaaya 'pankaalittha jalasechana maanejment' (pii. aii. emm) parihaaramaayi athu vaadichu. 1992-ll nadanna rioo dii janeero bhouma uchakodi jala maanejment vikendrikarikkaan shupaarsha cheythukondu eee sameepanathin vishwaasyatha nalki, prakrithi vibhavangal kaikaaryam cheiyunnathil karshakarum mattu pankaalikalum kooduthal pradhana punk vahikkunnu. thudakkathil ethirppu neritta pim sarkkaarukaludeyum pradhana vaipa ejansikaludeyum avasthayaayi maari. 1991ll aimi sijiyar samvidaanathil amgamaayi.
vishalamaaya kaazhchappaad.
1990kalude madhyathode, valia aagola janasamkhya, nagarangalude vipuleekaranam, vardhichuvarunna vyaavasaayika prayogangal ennivayaal jalavibhavangalkkayulla malsaram vardhichukondirunnu. jalasechanam ottaykku kaanunnath aagola saahacharyathin prasakthamayirunnilla. malsaraadhishtitha upayokthaakkaleyum paristhithiyeyum ulkkollunna oru nadeethada pashchaathalatthil athine pariganikkunna oru puthiya sameepanam aavashyamaayirunnu. thurannathum adachathumaaya thadangal, jala accounting, multiple yoos sisttangal, thadasthaapanangal, remot sensing vishakalanam, paaristhithika ozhukk thudangiya vishayangalil puthiya gaveshana mekhalakal vikasippikkaan aimi thudangi. 1998-ll athinte peru internaashanal vaattar maanejment instittyoott (aii. dablyu. emm. aii) ennu maatti, ithu eee puthiya vishalamaaya sameepanathe prathifalippikkunnu.
1950kalil bhoomiyil aalukal kuravaayirunnathupole jalathe inii oru "ananthamaaya vibhavamayi" kanakkakkaan kazhiyillennu vyakthamaakunnundenkil, vibhavam ethra kuravaanennu arcum ariyillaayirunnu. ithu kandethaan sramikkaan ivmikku prachodanamaayi. bhakshanathinu vellam, jeevithathinu vellam kaarshika mekhalayile jala maanejmentinekkurichu samagramaya vilayiruthal" enna prasidheekaranathil athinte gaveshanam paryavasaanichu. loka janasamkhyayude moonnilonnu ithinakam 'jalakshamam' anubhavikkunnuvenn reportile oru bhoopadam kaanikkunnu. janasamkhyayude aavasyangal niravettaan aparyapthamaaya jalasrothassukalulla sthalangaleyaanu bhauthika jalakshamamennum jalathilo manushya sheshiyilo ulla nikshepathinte abhavam kaaranam jalathinte aavasyangal niravettappedaatha sthalangaleyaanu saambathika jalakshamamennum report nirvachichu.
aagola jala prathisandhi ozhivaakkuka.
jaladaurlabhyam nirvachikkunnathinulla ivmiyude sameepanam oru puthiya pashchaathalam nalki, athinullil jala labhyathayekkurichulla shaasthreeya charcha pinneedu kendreekrithamaayi. udaaharanathinu, 2007 leeii yuu. enn. loka jaladinathinte vishayam jalakshaamathe neriduka ennathaayirunnu; yuu. ezz. waled vaachu instittyoott athinte vilayiruthalil "lokathinte avastha 2008" ennathil jala maanejmentinekkurichu oru adhyayam avatharippichu; 2009 ll waled economic foravum unesco prasidheekaricha reportukal jalakshamam ippol aagola saambathika prathisandhiyekkaal valia bheeshaniyaanennu nigamanam cheythu. doow. rajendra keey. kalavastha vyathiyanathekkurichulla anthar gavanmental paanalinte adhyakshanaya pachouri 2009 leeii nobal konfaransil jalakshaamathe eduthuparanju.
nilavile pravanathakal thudarukayaanenkil, 2030 oode aagola jalathinte vaarshika upayogam rund trilyan cubic meteriladhikam vardhichu 6.9 trilyan cubic meteraayi uyarumennu prathekshikkunnu. ithu labhyamaya jalavitharanathiloode nalkaan kazhiyunnathinekkaal 40 sathamaanam kooduthalaanu. 2010 leeii stockholm loka jala aazhchayil, jala prathisandhi ozhivaakkunnathinulla aarr pooyint padhathi ivmi eduthukaanichu. instittyoottinte abhipraayathil thaazhepparayunna nadapadikal aavasyamaanu 1) jalavibhavangalekkurichulla uyarnna nilavaaramulla vivarangal shekharikkuka; 2) paristhithiye nannayi paripaalikkuka; 3) jalavibhavangal engane niyanthrikkunnu ennathil parishkkaranam varuthuka; 4) krishikkaayi vellam engane upayogikkunnu ennathine punarujeevippikkuka; 5) nagara, munisippal jala aavasyangal nannayi kaikaaryam cheyyuka; 6) paarshwalkkarikkappetta aalukale jala maanejmentil ulppeduthuka.
2011ll kaarshika, vikasana vishayangalil oru lekhana parambara kammeeshan cheythukondu ivmi athinte 25-aamm vaarshikam aakhoshichu.
daaridryam kuraykkaan jala maanejment upayogikkuka.
indiayile gujaraathile aii. dablyu. emminte pravartthanangal, jala maanejment mechappeduthunnathu janangalude upajeevanamargathe engane swaadheenikkum ennathinu udaaharanamaanu. 1970 muthal karshakarkk vaidyuthi subsidy nalkiyathinetthudarnnu papparaaya vaidyuthi yoottilittikalum bhoogarbha jalasambaraniyum enna eratta prashnam samsthaanam nerittu. subsidikal karshakare vardhichuvarunna aazhathil ninnu bhoogarbhajalam eluppathil pump cheyyaan praaptharaakkiyathinaal sahacharyam uyarnnu. eshyan development bankum loka bankum sarkkarukal vaidyuthi subsidikal vettikkuraykkanamennum meter vaidyuthi upabhogathinte adisthaanathil karshakaril ninnu nirakk eedaakkanamennum soochippichu. ennirunnaalum, chila samsthaana sarkkarukal angane cheyyaan shramichappol, karshakar sakthamaaya lobikal roopeekarichu, niravadhi mukhyamanthrimaarkk avarude seettukal nashtappettu. vyakthamaaya oru pariharam aavashyamaayirunnu.
eee prashnam padicha aii. dablyu. emm. aii shaasthranjar, karshakarkk vaidyuthi athikkunna vaidyuthi kebilukal, gaarhika veedukalum vyavasaayangalum polulla mattu grameena upayokthaakkalkk vitharanam cheiyunnathil ninnu verthirichu kaarshika vaidyuthi vitharanathinte 'intalijant rationing' sarkkarukal avatharippikkanamenn nirddeshichu. thudarnnu avar karshakarkk thaangavunna vilaykk oro divasavum oru nischitha manikorinulla uyarnna nilavaaramulla vaidyuthi vitharanam nalkanam. vaidyuthi yoottility parishkarikkunnathinulla oru valia paripaadiyil eee shupaarshakal ulppeduthaan oduvil gujarat theerumaanichu. pinneedu nadatthiya oru padanatthil athinte prathyaaghaathangal pratheekshichathilum valare kooduthalaanennu kandethi. eee maattathinu munbu, kuzhalkkinar udamakal jalasechanathinaayi vaidyuthi 'moshtichu' grameena samoohangale mochanadravyamaayi thadanjuvachirunnu. kebilukal verthirichathinusesham, grameena kudumbangalkkum skoolukalkkum vyavasayangalkkum valare uyarnna nilavaaramulla vaidyuthi vitharanam undaayirunnu, ithu vyakthikalude kshemam vardhippichu.

