talcahuwano

chiliyile biobio mekhalayile oru thuramukha nagravum kammyoonumaanu talcahuwano (ταλκαHUANO) (mappudungun "tralcavenu", "idimuzhakkam"). ithu grettar kansepsiyoon konbareshante bhagamaanu. chiliyude madhya mekhalayude thekk bhagathaanu talcahuwano sthithi cheiyunnathu.
bhoomishaasthram.
mattu patthu munisippaalittikalumaayi chernnu ithu kansepsiyoon pravishyayude bhagamaanu, ithu biobio mekhalayile VIII mekhala roopeekarikkunna naalu pravisyakalil onnaanu.
janasamkhyaashaasthram.
deseeya statistiks instittyoottinte 2002 leeii sensus prakaram, talcahuwano 250,348 nivaasikalulla oru pradeshathaanu (121,778 purushanmaarum 128,570 sthreekalum). ivaril 248,964 perr (aii. dii. 1) nagarapradeshangalilum 1,384 perr (0.6%) graamapradeshangalilumaanu thaamasichirunnathu. 1992-num 2002-num idayil janasamkhyayil <aii. dii. 1> (93,766 perr) vardhanayundaayi. oru chathurashra kilometeril 1,873 nivaasikalude janasaandrathayulla ithu raajyathe ettavum janasamkhyayulla ezhaamathe nagaramaan.
charithram.
1764 november 5 nuu antonio dii gill vaii gonsaga ithine audyogika thuramukhamaayi prakhyaapichathaanu talcahuvanoyude audyogika sthaapaka theeyathi. ennirunnaalum, 1544-ll thanne genois kyapttan juvan bouttista pasten thante kappalukalaya "saan pedro", "santiaguwo" ennivayil theeram paryavekshanam cheyyumbol biobio nadiyude mukhabhaagam kandethiyappol talcahuvanoyude sthalam charitrapusthakangalil prathyakshappedaan thudangi. 1601-ll alonso dii ribera kansepsiyoninaduthulla bakkiyulla spanish vaasasthalangal samrakshikkunnathinaayi talcahuno kotta nirmmichu.
spanish vamshajarude varavode eee pradeshathu adhivasichirunna aroukkeniyan thalavanaaya talcahuneuvinte peraanu nagarathinu nalkiyirikkunnath. thaddesheeya maappuchukalude bhashayaaya maappudunganil, talcahuwano ennaal "idimuzhakkam srishtikkunna aakasham" ennaanu ardham.
pathonpathaam noottaandile american thimingalakkappalukalkk eee thuramukham suparichithamaayirunnu. avar palappozhum shudhajalam, bhakshanam, crewinaayi vividha tharatthilulla vinodangal ennivaykkaayi nikshepikkunnu.
1939 januvari 24 nuu ekadesham aii. dii. 1-ll chillan nagarathinu sameepam prabhavakendramulla 8.3 theevratha rekhappeduthiya oru valia bhookambam nagaratthe baadhichu. chilian sarkkar britiish sarkkarinodu rund britiish cruisermaaraaya echms ajax (22), echms eksittar (68) ennivarude sahayam abhyarthichu, thudarnnu valpariso nagaram sandarshichu thekkott anweshanam nadatthi. kappalukal 25-nuu talcahuvanoyil ethi, nagaratthile pala pradhana kettidangalum athijeevichavarkku vaidyuthi, bhakshanam allengil vellam enniva labhyamallathe nasippikkappettu. avashishtangal neekkam cheiyunnathinum, ippozhum kudungikkidakkunnaver rakshappeduthunnathinum, mrithadehangal kandethunnathinu, koodaathe parikkettavarkkum abhayaarthikalkkumoppam vadakkott valparaisoyilekku yaatra cheiyunna kappalukalkkum rund kappalukalude jeevanakkarum sahayichu.
2010 februvari 27-nuu undaaya bhookambam.
2010 februvari februvari 8.8 theevratha rekhappeduthiya chili bhookambavum thudarnnulla sunamiyum talcahuwano nashippichu. eee thudarchayaaya duranthangal nagaravaasikalil 80 sathamaanavum bhavanarahitharayi. 
 sunami 7.5 adiyiladhikam uyarathilayirunnathaayi kanakkaakkappedunnu. oraazhchaykk sesham 20 maranangal maathramaan report cheyyappettathu, 18 pere kaanathaayi. bhookambathil ninnum sunamiyil ninnum karakayaran 10 varshamedukkumennu nagara sarkkar kanakkakkunnu. sthiramaaya koodaaram kyaambukal sthaapikkunnathinupakaram sthiramaaya abhayakendrangal nirmmikkaan agrahikkunnathinaal praadeshika sarkkar koodaaram sahayam pinvalikkukayaanu.
sambadghadana.
nagaratthinte vikasanathinte chiliyude ulppaadana vikasana stambham talcahuvanoyil adangiyirikkunnu, ulppaadana pravartthanangal aagolavalkkarikkappetta lokath talcahuvanoyude munnettatthinte chaalakashakthiye prathinidheekarikkunnu. vinodasanjaaram, nammude samudra paachakareeti, ulkkadalinte samudragunangal, vyavasaayam, sevanangal, uthppannangal, logistics plaattphom ennivayile vyapaaram. nivaasikalude athmaavumaayi kaikorth valarunna oru avibhaajya nagaramaan talcahuwano. 1879-ll pasaphik yudhathil pidicheduttha peruvian irumbu pothinja kappalaya (britiish nirmmitha) "huwaskar" enna charitraparamaaya avashishtatthinte aasthaanamaaya pradhana naavika thaavalam. chilian antarvaahini kappalukalude aditharayum asmar kappalsala koodiyaanithu.
bharanam.
oru kammyoon enna nilayil, naalu varshathilorikkal nerittu thiranjedukkappedunna oru alcaldeyude neethrthwathilulla oru munisippal kaunsil bharikkunna chiliyude moonnaam thalatthilulla bharana vibhagamaanu talcahuwano. 2016-2020 alcalde henry campos qoo (yudi) aanu.
talcahuwano kammyoonil pathinezh jillakalundu, ettavum janasamkhyayulla moonnu jillakal kaariyel, saan visent, saan migual ennivayaanu, avaa kammyoonile janasamkhyayude 46 shathamaanatholam varum. rund jillakalil maathramaan grameena janasamkhya ullathu 5 sathamaanam graameenarulla tumbukalum 1⁄2 sathamaanam kaari. 
chiliyile thiranjeduppu divishanukalkullil, 20-aamm thiranjeduppu jillayude bhaagamaayi sergio bobadilla, felix gonsaalas, francesca munos, jose migual oorttis, leonidas romero, gaasttan savedra, jaim toha, enriq vaan risselberge ennivar chamber oof deputicil talcahuwano prathinidheekarikkunnu. panthrandaam senattoriyal niyojakamandalatthinte (biobio-cordillera) bhaagamaayi alejandro navarro braine (maas), jackvillin vaan risselberge herera (yudi) enniva senattil communine prathinidheekarikkunnu.
samskaaram.
sports.
praadeshika klabbaya estrella dell maarinte kalikkaranaaya raamon unsaga asla 1914ll prashasthamaaya saikkil kick ("chillena" ennum ariyappedunnu) kandupidichappol talcahuwano football charithrathilekku praveshichu. chiliyile oru football klabbaya desportivo huvaachipaattoyude aasthaanamaanu eee nagaram.
american phutbolilekku parivartthanam cheyyappetta muun chilian purusha deseeya basketball kalikkaranaaya samis reysinte janmasthalam koodiyaanu eee nagaram. 2021ll america aasthaanamaayulla american football leegaya naashanal football leagil kalikkunna aadya chilian aayi addeham maari.
saahithyathil.
oru naavikante classic aaya miles smeettante 'vansu ees poonn' enna pusthakatthil ithu pradhaanamaayum ulppeduthiyittundu.
joseph konraadinte "loard jiim" enna pusthakatthil charley marlo enna kathapaathramaanu ithu paraamarshikkunnath.
jools verne ezhuthiya "inn serch oof dhaa castavase" enna adhyaayathinte oru bhagam athinte ulkkadalil sajjeekarichirikkunnu.
sradheyamaaya aalukal.
jeevashaasthranjanum thathwachinthakanumaaya francisco varela (1946-2001) talcahuvanoyilaanu janichathu.

