
bonifasio, coorse-duu-sudd

franch department oof coorse-duu-sudil corsica dveepinte thekke attathulla oru communaanu bonifasio (,,,;,,,;).
gaii dii mopaasantinte "vendetta" enna cherukathayude pashchaathalamaanu bonifasio.
redu bull cliff diving waled seereesinte franch legg bonifaasiyoyilaanu nadakkunnathu.
bhoomishaasthram.
bonifasio kadalidukku sardiniyayil ninnu verthirikkunna medittareniyan kadalil nerittu sthithicheyyunnu. thekkan theerathe ettavum mikachathum ekavumaaya pradhana thuramukhathu sthithicheyyunna oru nagaramaanith, koodaathe theeradesha "ailans lavezi" ulppede kurachu valia pradesham ulkkollunna oru kammyoon koodiyaanu, ithu metropolittan fraansile thekke attathulla kammyoon enna padavi nalkunnu. europileyum aafrikkayileyum mattu 20 raajyangalude thalasthaana nagarangalaya paareesinekkaal aduthaanu ithu sthithicheyyunnathu. kammyooninte vadakkupadinjaaru figari kantoon athirthi pankidunnu, koodaathe vadakkukizhakku porto-vechiyo kantonumaayi oru cheria athirthiyundu. padinjaaru goalf dii ventiligne muthal kizhakk goalf dii saantmaansayude mukhathekku samyojitha athirthi kadannupokunnu. rund pooyintukalaal chuttapetta theerapradesham ekadesham aanu. haiway enn198 kizhakkan theerathu vadakkottum enn196 padinjarottum ozhukunnu.
apakadakaramaaya rasavasthukkal vahikkunna kappalukalude kadannupokalil ninnu kadalidukkinte samrakshanathinaayi 1993 ll france italiyum niyamaparamaaya nilanilppilekku oppuvacha oru prakrithi samrakshana kendramaaya anthaaraashtra boaches dii bonifasio ("bonifasio kadalidukku") maraine paarkkinte franch bhaagatthinte bhagamaanu eee dveepukal, 1999 leeii oru manthrithala utharaviloode fraansil nadappaakki, vanyamrugangal, mattu janthujaalangal, sasyajaalangal, malsyangal, prakrithi ennivayude samrakshanathinaayi bhoomi prakrithi samrakshanakendramaaya bonifasiyoyil ulppeduthanamennu vishadeekarikkunnu.
bonifasioic sameepamulla thekkan theeram chunnaambukallukalude puramthallalaanu, ithu samudrathaal asaadhaaranamaaya roopangalil kothivachittundu. alppam kooduthal ulnaadan chunnaambukallu granitinode chernnu sardinia, corsica ennee rund dveepukal roopappedunnu. bonifasio thuramukham sthithi cheiyunnathu bonifasio ulkkadalil aanu, samudrathil ninnu viral polulla neelavum veethiyumulla promontary verthirikkunna joard polulla roopathil mungimaricha malayidukku. charithraatheethakaalatthe glacial kaalaghattatthil samudranirappu kurayukayum dveepukal bandhippikkappedukayum cheythappol, malancherivu korsikkayilekku nayikkunna thaazhvarayude bhaagamaayirunnu eee malayidukku. purathana kappalukalkkum aadhunika cheria kappalukalkkum mathiyaayathinekkaal kooduthalaanu thuramukham pinthunaykkunna paramavadhi draaft.
bonifasio nagaram rund vibhagangalaayi thirichirikkunnu. medittareniyan kadalinu abhimukhamaayi promontariyilaanu oru kottayude sthalathulla "vielli ville" (pazhaya pattanam) allengil "laa houtte ville" (mukalile nagaram) sthithi cheiyunnathu. onpathaam noottaandil nagaratthinte aditharayilaanu kotta nirmmichathu. kotta nirmmichathinushesham niravadhi thavana punarnirmmikkukayum naveekarikkukayum cheythittundu, ettavum aduthide franch videsha sainyathinte bharana kendramaayirunnu ithu. innu ithu oru myusiyamaanu. charitraparamaayi bhooribhaagam nivaasikalum kottayude adiyanthira samrakshanathil "howt ville" yill thaamasichittundu. thuramukha soukaryangalum thaazhe thamasikkunna pradeshangalum, "laa maraine", inlettinte idungiya shelfine varivariyayi thaazhvarayilekku kurachu dooram vyaapippikkukayum, settilmentinu oru rekheeya roopam nalkukayum moonnaamathe residential sekshan srishtikkukayum cheiyunnu. kizhakk juuliyan.
nagravum athinte kottakalum ekadesham uyarathilulla malancherivukaliloode kurachu dooram neendunilkkunnu. parakkettukal kadal murichumaattiyathinaal malancherivinte chundil thanne sthaapichirikkunna kettidangal athinu mukaliloode neengunnathaayi kaanapedunnu. kadalil ninnulla roopam sooryaprakaashathil thilangunna oru velutha nagaratthinte roopamaanu, koodaathe thaazhe prakshubdhamaaya vellathinu mukalil thoongikkidakkunnu.
charithram.
charithraatheethakaalakhattam.
bonifasioic charithraatheethakaalatthe rund praadhaanyamulla sthalangalunda nagarathinu thottaduthulla capello graamathinaduthulla purathana guha abhayakendram, figariac sameepam vadakku bhaagathulla vaaskulaachiyuvinte oru arayulla shavakudeeram. aadyathethu bii. sii. 6570 kaalaghattatthile mesolithikkinte avasaanathilo aadyakaala neolithicilo ulla sthree kaarban khananam cheytha bonifaasiyoyude sradheyamaaya sthreeyude sthalamaanu, randaamathethu megalithic samskaarathil pedunnathum madhya neolithikkil ninnullathumaanu. iva randum chernnathum sardiniyayile monde aarsiyil ninnulla cherttinte vipulamaaya upayogavum kaanikkunnath bonifasio ulkkadal aadyakaalam muthal ulnaadan korsikkayilekkulla oru paathayaayirunnu ennaanu.
roman kaalaghattam.
roman kaalaghattatthile ettavum thekke korsikkayude eaka rekha bhoomishaasthranjanaaya tolamiyil ninnaan. oru bhoopadatthil plott cheythirikkunna mariyanam promontaryudeyum pattanatthinteyum kordinettukal addeham report cheiyunnu, ithu corsicaykku ettavum thekk bhagathaayi maarunnu. kizhakkan theerathe janataye pattikappedutthiya sesham addeham parayunnath subasani (purathana greak subasanoi) kooduthalum thekk bhaagathaayirunnu ennaanu."
aalukal pinneedu prathyakshappedunnilla, pattanavum promontary thiricharinjittilla, roman rodukalonnum athilekku viral choondunnilla. aantonin yaathraavivaranamanusarichu, kizhakkan theerathe mariyanayile roman castraykkum alariaykkum idayilum thekk pallasilekkum kadannupokunna eaka audyogika rodaanu corsica vazhi. maariyaanathinu vadakkulla kizhakkan theerathu tolami pallakale sthaapikkunnu. rekhappeduthappedaatha traakkukalum vidoora thekottulla paathakalum saadhyamaanengilum, avayil kaaryamaaya roman gathagatham undakaan saadhyathayilla.
ennirunnaalum kadalidukkiloodeyulla samudra gathagatham praadhaanyamarhikkunnu, bonifaasiyoyile mikacha thuramukhathe avaganikkaan athinu kazhiyumaayirunnilla. athinaal mariyanam promontaryude ettavum janapriyamaaya choys thuramukhathinu kizhakkayi corsica dveepinte thekke attathulla cape pertusaattoyaanu, bonifasio thanne mariyanam tounaayi. randaamathe saadhyatha siappili graamathinaduthulla piyantarella beechinodu chernnulla onnaam noottaandile roman avashishtangalum bonifaasiyoyude padinjaaru vinoda praanthapradeshamaaya speron goalf kozhsinte groundinaduthullathum aayirikkum, ennaal aaa avashishtangal oru roman villa prathinidheekarikkunnuvennu thonnunnu, vinodathinu anuyojyamaanengilum beach oru thuramukhamenna nilayil vilakuranjathaanu. villa mariyanam enna bonifasio pourantethaayirikkaanaanu kooduthal saadhyatha.
tuscan kaalaghattam.
eiii. dii 469ll roman saamraajyathil ninnu akramikalude rajaavaaya genseric corsica pidichedukkukayum 534ll kizhakkan saamrajyam veendedukkukayum cheythu. 725ll lombardukal athu veendum pidichedukkukayum 774ll chalmagne avare ozhippikkukayum dweep jarmmankaar dveepinu nalkia naashathekkurichulla ettavum sakthamaaya paraathikkaaranaaya maarppaappaykk kaimarukayum cheythu. 806 muthal speyinile moorukal dveepinaayi malsarikkaan thudangukayum athu kurachukaalam kaivasham vaykkukayum cheythuvenkilum 828 ll marpappa itali raajyathin keezhil vishudha roman saamraajyathinte sakthamaaya samsthaanamaaya tuscanyude maargrevinu athinte prathirodham nalki.
innu saakshyamulla eee nagaram 828-ll tuscanyile boniface randaamante perilulla oru kottayaayi sthaapikkappedukayum pinneedu vadakke aafrikkayile saarasensine adichamarthunnathinaayi oru naavika paryaveshanathinu neethrthwam nalkukayum tuscanyude domainukal ettavum puram athirthiyil samrakshikkaan kazhiyunna oru kotta naavika thaavalavum nirmmikkaan madangukayum cheythu. kottayude bhooribhaagavum onpathaam noottaandinu sheshamullatho anishchithathvamullatho aanenkilum vrithaakrithiyilulla gopuramaaya ill toriyon theerchayaayum yadhaartha kottayude bhaagamaayirunnu.
kaalavastha.
bonifasiyoyil choodulla-venalkkaala medittareniyan kaalaavasthayundu (copen kalavastha vargeekaranam "csa"). bonifaasiyoyile sharashari vaarshika thaapanila. november maasamaan ettavum eerppamulla masamaaya sharashari vaarshika mazha. augustil sharashari ettavum uyarnna thapanilayum februvariyil ettavum thaazhnna thapanilayum ekadesham aayirikkum. bonifasiyoyil ithuvare rekhappeduthiyathil vachu ettavum uyarnna thaapanila 2009 juulai 23-nuu aayirunnu; ithuvare rekhappeduthiyathil vachu ettavum thanuppulla thaapanila 1963 januvari 23-nuu aayirunnu.
<bii. aarr.>
kazhchakal.
nagaratthinte aakarshanavum manoharamaaya beechukalumaayulla saameepyavum venalkkaalath pradhaanamaayum fraansile pradhana bhoopradeshathullavarkku oru janapriya vinodasanjaara kendramaakki maattunnu.
rund genois gopurangal sameepathaan
gathagatham.
figari vimaanathaavalam (kaaroo taxio aavasyamaanu) pattanatthinu sevanam nalkunnu, koodaathe saardiniyayilekkulla ferry sevanam divasena onniladhikam thavana labhyamaan.
vyakthithvangal.
thaazhepparayunna sradheyamaaya vyakthikal bonifasiyoyil janichu

