
opduver

thaazhnna rajyangalil ulnaadan jalapaathakalil baarjukal thallaan upayogichirunna oru cheria tugg allengil tobotaanu opduver allengil opdrukkar. irupathaam noottaandinte aadya pakuthiyil opduvarukal pradhaanamaayum upayogichirunnu. aaa samayat aantharika jwalana enchin ulnaadan shippingin anuyojyamaayi. neratthe, kappalukal kappalo kuthirayo manushyashakthiyo upayogichu theerathu ninnu valichedukkunnathiloode sanjarichirunnu. ennirunnaalum, nilavilulla barjil oru enchinum propeller gadippikkunnathu budhimuttaanennu kandethi. oru cheria tugg boat nirmmikkunnathum nilavilulla baarjine munnott nayikkunnathum eluppamaayirunnu.
1910 num 1940 num idayil nirmmicha opduvarukal. dhaaraalam perr ananda karakaushalamaayi nilanilkkunnu.
upayogam.
baarjinte captanum saadhaaranayaayi opdyoorinte udamayaayirunnathinaal barje tugg boat oru jolie cheiyunna jody roopeekarichu. barj chilappol valichedukkaamaayirumnum saadhaaranayaayi opduver thallumaayirunnu. opduver enna vaakkinte aksharaarthatthil engleeshil 'oonn-pashar' ennaanu ardham. oru pasharayi upayogikkumbol ofduvar baarjinte attathu adikkukayum palappozhum oru charado boat hukko upayogichu barjil ninnu niyanthrikkukayum cheiyunnu. 
vividha jolikalkkaayi oru handy motorbottaayi upayogikkaan kazhiyumennathinaal barjil thanne enchinil ninnu shabdamo vibrationo illaathirunnathinaal opduver captanu adhika aanukoolyangal vaagdaanam cheythu.
nirmmaanam.
1910-ll aadyathe opduvarukal enchin gadippicha lalithamaaya thadi roying bottukalaayirunnu. pinneedu kappalsaalakalil, palappozhum valia kappalukalude nirmmaanatthil ninnu avasheshikkunna vasthukkalil ninnaan opduvarukal nirmmichathu. aadyakaala opduvarukal maram kondo urukk kondo nirmmichirunnuvenkilum pinneedu urukk maathrame upayogichirunnulloo. saadhaarana valippangal 4.5 muthal 6 meter vare neelavum 1.5 meter veethiyum 1 muthal 3 tonn vare bhaaravumullavayayirunnu. chilath poornnamaayum thuranna bottukalaayirunnu, mattu opduvarukalil kaalaavasthayil ninnu enchine samrakshikkunnathinaayi dekkukalum melkkoora undaayirunnu. gear boxes ulppede saadhaarana enchinukal automobileukalil ninnaan vannath. ekadesham 6 echpi enchin ullathinaal manikkooril 7 muthal 10 kilometer vare ethaam.