
jeramiah lanfier

jeramiah calvin lanfier (septambar 3,1809-desember 26,1898) newyork nagaratthile oru american saadhaarana missionaryaayirunnu, american mathaparamaya punarujjeevanathinu prerippikkunnathil pradhana pankuvahichathaayi janapriyamaayi kanakkaakkappedunnu.
aadyakaala jeevithavum parivartthanavum.
saamuval eph. yude makanayi newyorkkile koksasaakkiyilaanu jeramiah lanfier janichathu. lanfier enna karshakan curior, hollandle ninnu kudiyeriya maathaapithaakkalaaya jaine rooss lanfier. pathinaram vayassil lanfier albanyil thayyalkkaaranaayi pariseelanam nedukayum pinneedu oru jorjju aandroovinte keezhil avide samgeetham padikkukayum cheythu. 1833-ll lanfier andruz lover manhattanil thuni vyaapaarikalaayi pankalikalaayi. readymaid vasthrangalkkayi avar valare mathsaraadhishtithamaaya oru vipaniyil praveshichu, upabhokthaakkale aakarshikkanulla shramathil credit nalkia sesham 1842 leeii vasanthakaalath avar papparaayi.
lanfier oru thuni vyaapaariyaayi jolie cheyyumbol, broadway tabernakkilile (punarujjeevanavaadiyaaya chaals graandisan finnicaayi levis tuppen samghadippicha oru palli) gaayakasamghathilum addeham chernnu, avide lanfier oru suvisheshaka kristhyaaniyaayi. pinneedu addeham maarkkat street charchile gaayakasamghathil chernnu, prashastha presbytarian purohithanaaya theodor ell. quiler pinneedu pell street presbytarian palliyile gaayakasanghavum, avide addehathinu niravadhi suhruthukkale labikkukayum sabhayude pravarthanangalil sajeevamaaya thaalparyam prakadippikkukayum cheythu.
manthraalayathilekku praveshikkunnu.
1850kalil sambannamaaya sabhakalulla sambannamaaya pallikal kooduthal fasionable ayalpakkangalilekku maari. 1853ll pell street charchu adachupoottukayum daivashaasthranjanum matha punarujjeevanatthinte vakthavumaaya jaims wadell alexander paasttar cheytha duwain street presbytarian palliyil lanfier cherukayum cheythu. duwain street charchu thanne randuthavana vadakkott neengiyengilum lanfier lover manhattanil thaamasikkunnath thudarnnu, avide charcha cheyyaatha thaamasakkaarude ennam vardhichu. aduthulla vadakkan dutch palliyile oru amgam (fulttan streettil oru praveshana kavaadamulla) lanfierinu saadhaarana missionary padavi vaagdaanam cheythappol, lampier thante bisinesses avasanippikkukayum 1857 juulai 1 nuu pallikkayi thante jolie aarambikkukayum cheythu.
lanfierinu daivashaasthraparamaaya pariseelanam illaayirunnuvenkilum atharamoru manthraalayathinu addeham sradheyamaaya oru nalla sthaanaarthiyaayirunnu. addeham orikkalum vivaham kazhichilla, addehathinu kuttikalundaayirunnil. uyaramullathum, manoharavum, dayaaparavumaaya mukhamullathum, manobhaavam, manobhaavam, sthirothsaaham ennivayil vaalsalyamullathum, ajayyamaaya oorjjavum sthirothsaahavum ullathum, nalla sangeetha nettangal ullathum, praarthanayilum upadeshathilum sradheyamaaya alavil sammaanikkappettathum, perumaattatthil mithathwam, bhakthiyil theekshnatha, vidhinyaayathil soundaryam, nalla saamaanyabudhi, manushyaprakrithiyekkurichu samagramaya arivu, eathoru veettilum addehathe swaagatham cheiyunna swabhaava savisheshathakal" ennivayaayi oru samakaalikan addehathe visheshippichu.
fulttan theruvu praarthanaa yogam.
lanfier laghulekhakal vitharanam cheyyukayum praadeshika bisinasukal sandarshikkukayum kuttikale njaayarazhcha schoolilekku shanikkukayum njaayarazhcha palliyilekku athidhikale ruffer cheyyaan hotelukale prolsaahippikkukayum cheythenkilum, praarthanayil chelavazhicha samayam thanikk ettavum samadhaanavum dridanishchayavum konduvannuvennu addeham kandethi, koodaathe bisinasukal uchabhakshanathinu adacha samayam muthaledukkunna bisinasukarkkaayi aazhchathorum uchabhakshana praarthanaa yogam aarambikkaan addeham theerumaanichu. addeham achadicha handbill ingane "[budhanaazhcha] 12 muthal 1 munny vare praarthanaa yogam. ningalude samayam sammathikkunnathupole 5,10 allengil 20 minitt allengil muzhuvan samayavum nirthuka."1857 septambar 23nuu addeham palliyude munnil oru signboard sthaapichu. nischayicha muriyil aarum vannilla, lanfier muppath minitt ottaykku praarthichu. <aii. dii. 1>-ll mattoru manushyan addehathodoppam chernnu, manikkoor avasaanikkumbozhekkum naalu perr koodi.
aduthayaazhcha irupathu perr undaayirunnu, aduthayaazhcha naalppat perr. octoberil praarthanaa yogangal divasenayullathaayi maarukayum 1858 januvariyil februvariyode moonnaamathe muriyayi randaamathe murii oresamayam upayogikkendivarikayum cheythu. appozhekkum nagaratthile mattidangalil irupathu ucha praarthanaa yogangal nadannirunnu. march pakuthiyode 3,000 perkku irikkaan kazhiyunna barttante thiyettaril praarthanaa yogangalkkayi tirakk koodiyirunnu. march avasaanathode newyork nagaratthile ellah pallikalum pothu haalukalum niranju, pathinayiram aalukal praarthanaykkaayi divasavum othukoodunnu.
1857-59 nte punarujjeevanam.
telegraph, pathrangal enniva newyorkkil eee mathaparamaya aaveshathekkurichulla vaarthakal pracharippikkukayum 1857 leeii paribhranthi bisinasukaarude othucheralukalil anishchithathvavum adiyanthirathayum vardhippikkukayum cheythu. raajyathudaneelam samanamaaya praarthanaa yogangal samghadippichu. jeey. 1858lum 1859lum orupakshe oru dasalaksham aalukal mathaparivarthanam cheyyappettirikkamenna punarujjeevana vidyaarthiyaaya edwin oor kanakkakki, ithu muppathu dashalakshathil thaazheyulla samakaalika yunaittad stetts janasamkhyayude 3 sathamaanathiladhikam varum. addehathinte maranathinu adhikam munbu, pathonpathaam noottaandinte avasaanathe suvisheshakante chinthakal ell. thante youvanathinte eee mathaparamaya punarujjeevanathilekku moody thirinju. "angott pookunnathinumumbu, '57-leppole daivathinte sabha muzhuvan vegathilaakunnathu kaanaan njaan aagrahikkunnu", addeham paranju."
21-aamm noottaandil punarujjeevanatthinte arambham lanfierinte praarthanaa yogamaanennu aaropikkunnath saadhaaranamaanenkilum, lanfier "daivathinte chila priyappetta dasanmarum" aadyamaayi kandumuttiyappol "punarujjeevanam ithinakam aarambhichathayi" addehathinte muun paasttar jaims alexander vishwasichu. daivam ithinakam thanne kripayudeyum yaachanakaludeyum aathmaavine choriyukayundayi. mattu grouppukalilum mattu sthalangalilum oresamayam oru malineekaranam undaayittillenn njangal samshayikkunnu."iyan murey nirddeshichathupole, punarujjeevanam oru" "saadhaaranakkaarante punarujjeevana" "maayirunnathinte vyapthiyum athishayokthiparamaayirikkam".
pinneedu currier maranavum.
athesamayam, punarujjeevanathiludaneelam, athinusheshamulla varshangalolam, lanfier lover manhattanil thante dainamdina praarthanaa yogam thudarnnu. 1893ll viramichathinusesham newyork times ezhuthiyathupole, "vijayam addehathe santhoshippichilla, nissamgatha addehathe niruthsaahappeduthukayum cheythilla". lanfier maanyamaayi ennaal urachunilkkunna lalithamaaya chila niyamangal praarthana yogathinu undaayirunnu uchathil praarthikkunnavar anchu minittayi parimithappedutthanamennum vivaada vishayangal charcha cheyyaruthennum. sthreekal yogangalil pankedukkukayum abhyarthanakal nadathukayum cheythirunnuvenkilum uchathil praarthikkaan avare anuvadichilla. aadyakaalangalil, raajyathinte ellah bhaagangalil ninnum noorukanakkinu praarthanaa abhyarthanakal fulttan street metingilekku vannu, ithu "eee ashayavinimayangal ayaykkunnavarkk orutharam andhavishwaasam prothsaahippikkappedumbe" bhayam janippichu. ennaal oru abhyarthanayum nirasikkaruthennum avarkkellavarkkum vendi thaazhmayode praarthikkanamennum theerumaanichu.
lanfier oduvil praayavum kazhchashakthiyum kurayunnathumoolam viramichappol, 11,000-ladhikam praarthanaa yogangalil addeham adhyakshatha vahichathayum athil 36 varshathinide araa dashalakshathiladhikam aalukal pankedutthathaayum 56,000 praarthanakal nadathiyittundennum 225,000 rekhaamoolamulla praarthanakal samarppichittundennum kanakkaakkappettirunnu. 1898 desember 26nuu lanfier marikkukayum brooklin enna green wood semitheriyil samskarikkappedukayum cheythu.
praarthanaa yogathinte punarujjeevanatthinte 150-aamm vaarshikathodanubandhichu shilpi linkon foxine lanfierinte prathima nirmmikkaan niyogichu. american baibil sosaittiyude aasthaanathinu puratthum praarthanaa yogangal nadanna sthalathinaduthum sthaapicha eee shilpathil, baibil kayyilulla oru (kaalaharanapetta) paarkk benchil irikkunna lanfierine chithreekarikkunnu, avar vazhiyaathrakkaare thannodoppam praarthikkaan kshanikkunnu. ebisinte prathima newyork nagaratthil ninnu purappettathinusesham raajaavinte kolejile lobyilekku maatti.

