
blackbane aruvi

englandile southu yorkshareile shefieldil emm1, ecclessfield rodukaliloode blackbane thaazhvarayiloode ozhuki medohal shopping sentarinu sameepam doonn nadiyil cherunna oru aruviyaanu blackbane aruvi. chaappaltaunile eiii61 roadle ninnu thaazhekku blackbane aruviye paristhithi ejansi oru pradhana nadiyaayi nirvachichirikkunnu, ithinu vellapokka prathirodha nadapadiyaayi puthiya kettida vikasanam kuranjathu theerathu ninnayirikkanam, koodaathe attakuttappanikalkkayi jalapaathayilekku praveshanam anuvadikkukayum venam.
theerchayaayum.
nagara madhyathil ninnulla shefieldinte vadakke praanthapradeshamaaya hye greeninte vadakkan attathaanu blackbane aruvi aarambhikkunnath. vestt wood kantri paarkkinte athirthikkullil cherunna stors daikkinte vellathil ninnaan ithu roopappedunnathu. pathonpathaam noottaandil srishticha randaam grade listtucheytha paarkkinteyum poonthottangaludeyum thekke attathaanu vortley haal groundil stors dike uyarnnuvannathu. ithu kizhakode pinneedu thekk kizhakode jangshanilekku ozhukunnu. jangshante padinjaaru bhaagathekku aruvi uyarukayum oru reservoiriloodeyum houbrookkinte kugramathiloodeyum ozhukukayum cheiyunnathu engane. maarkk aruvi thekk-padinjaaru bhaagathekku uyarnnu, houbrook reservoiriloode vadakku kizhakode ozhuki mattu rund aruvikalilekku cherunnu. samyuktha ozhukk thalangal, vishaalamaayi thekk-kizhakode, oru vayar kadannupokunnu, westwood paalathinu keezhil, mattoru cheria reservoirilekku praveshikkunnu. 1967ll oru valia maalinyamukhathinu keezhil vahikkunna oru kalunkilekku kadakkunna eee outlettu, 1905ll thonkliph irumbu nirmmaanangalude vadakkan attamaayirunnu. thonkliph irumbu nirmmaanangalum aduthulla thonkliph kolariyum bhavanangalaal maattisthaapichu, oru cheria kulatthinum aruviyude oru cheria bhaagathinum sesham, nadhi nyoottan chembezhsu rooad vazhi bhavanathinu thaazheyulla oru kalunkilekku praveshikkukayum thekk-kizhakk bhaagathekku ganyamaaya dooram uyarukayum cheiyunnu, avide chalton aruviyumaayi chalton brook cherunnu, ithu chaalttanbrookkinte praanthapradeshathinte padinjaaru bhaagathekku neeruravakalude oru parambarayil ninnu uyarunnu.
rund chaanalukalum penstoon railway line vazhi kadakkunnu, jangshanushesham oru warehouse complexinu thaazheyulla oru kalunkiloode kadannupokunnu, hrasvamaayi uparithalathil, veedukalkkum eiii6135 steshan roadinum thaazheyulla mattoru kalunkiloode kadannupokunnu. aruvi thekkott thiriyukayum chaappaltaunile bhavanathinte kizhakkan attathukoodi ozhukukayum cheiyunnu. eiii619 kauli paathayiloode kadannupokunna railway athinte padinjaaran theerathe pinthudarunnu. bii6087 nether leyne paalathinu sesham, ithu smithi wood collary pravarthikkumbozhathekal kooduthal padinjaaru dishayilaanu. athil bhooribhaagavum collary maalinyathinte agrangalkk keezhil aprathyakshamaayi, pakshe athu agrathinu chuttum vazhithirichuvidukayum saittinte thekke attathu athinte yadhaartha paatha veendedukkaan 's' aakruthiyilulla gathi pinthudarukayum cheiyunnu. pinneedu ithu loicher paalathinu keezhilulla ezz 35 industrial paarkkiloode kadannupokukayum railwake thazheyaayi thirike athichu ecclessfield aruvi ennum ariyappedunna vaitli aruviyumaayi cherukayum cheiyunnu.
16, 17, 18 noottaandukalil nirmmicha oru purathana bhavanamaaya vaitli haalinu padinjaaru neeruravakalude oru parambarayaayi vaitli aruvi uyarnnuvarunnu, athil ettavum puthiya kootticherkalukalum undu. vilyam parker 1584ll eee jolie cheythu" enna likhitham oru kavaadatthil undu, ippol oru hotel restorantum aayi upayogikkunna kettidam grade II * listt cheythittundu. eee maithaanathe oru valia thadaakam orikkal vittil millilekkulla mill kulamaayirunnu. aruvi kizhakode ozhukunnu, thudarnnu thekk-kizhakk ecclessfieldilekku ozhukunnu, avide grenocydine kizhakode uyarunna mattoru cheria aruviyumaayi cherunnu, athu wheel enna kugramathiloode kadannupokunnu, thudarnnu oru valia anakkett niraykkunnu. sameepat villo garth moted saittum benedikttin prioric sameepamulla malsyakkulavum undu, avayude chila bhagangal vaasasthalangalaayi parivartthanam cheythittundenkilum avasheshikkunnu. anakkettinteyum vaitli aruvinteyum thekkan theerathinum idayil sandwich cheythirikkunna ecclessfield paper millilekku anakkett jala vaidyuthi nalki. blackbane aruviyil cherunnathinu munbu, powered ecclessfield koonn mill, norphoc foundri, olivar wheel ennivayulla ecclessfieldiloode thekk-kizhakk dishayilekku eee aruvi thudarunnu.
jangshanushesham, blackbane aruvi oru varkinum faaktarikalkkum keezhil kalushithamaakkukayum paarsan crossinu sameepam uyarumbol ting gutter ennu vilikkappedunna hartley brook daikkumayi cherukayum, sheargreenine sameepikkumbol shefield leyne dicayi maarukayum, sheargreeninte padinjaaran, vadakkan arikukaliloode kadannupokumbol hartley brook dicayi maarukayum cheiyunnu. trans pennin trial deerghadoora paatha athinte muzhuvan neelatthilum athinte gathi pinthudarunnu. thekk-kizhakk bhaagath penstoon branch railway thekk-padinjaaru muun woodbane junction aldam junction railway vadakku-kizhakk emm 1 motorway motorveyude vidoorabhaagathu blackbane gramavum chernnu blackbane aruvi thudarunnu. eee nadhi orikkal eee parisarathu jibralter steel mill, granj mill, blackbane wheel ennivaykku oorjjam nalkiyirunnu. oru vyaavasaayika bhooprakrithiyiloodeyum emm 1 motorveyude junction 34-nulla sliptodukaliloodeyum nadhi vazhithirichuvidunnathil niravadhi kalunkukalulla bhaagangalund. shefield, rotherham railway, shefield supertram enniva vahikkunna oru railway paalam ithu kadannu oduvil medohal shopping sentarinu ethirvashathu doonn nadiyude idathu karayil cherunnu.
charithram.
blackbane graamathinum granch leyninum edayilulla aruvi yadhaarthathil shefieldinum rotherhamin edayilulla athirthiyaayirunnu. ecclesfield road saisi avanyoovum cherunna sthalathinaduthulla hartley brook dike ithumaayi cherunnu. 1850-kalil southu yorkshare reyilveyude varavode thaazhvarayiloode trackinu samaantharamaayi oodunnathinaayi aruviyude gathi nereyaakki; ennirunnaalum athirthi yadhaartha gathi pinthudarnnu. railway laininte kozhsinte oru bhaagathulla oru kalunkilaanu ithu oodunnathu, ithu ippol adachittirikkunnu, ithu trans pennin paathayude vadakku-thekk bhaagatthinte bhagamaanu.
jalashakti.
eee aruvi puthiya millum ecclessfieldile pazhaya millum ulppede niravadhi millukalkk vaidyuthi nalki. 1819-ll joseph hunder thante "halmshire" enna pusthakatthil ezhuthiyathu, halamshareil nirmmicha ellah nakhangalum ecclessfieldilaanu nirmmichathennum nadiyude thaazhekku forkkukalude nirmmaanathinu vaidyuthi nalkukayum cheythuvennum aanu. vaitli aruviyil jalavaidyuthi upayogikkunna kuranjathu naalu sthalangalenkilum undaayirunnu, vaitli aruviyumaayulla jangshanu thaazhe blackbane aruviyil mattu naalu sthalangalumundaayirunnu. ettavum mukalile bhagam vaitli haalinte groundilulla vaitli millilaayirunnu. 1587ll estettinte bhaagamaayirunnappol athinte udama vilyam parker shroosburyile jorjinu keezhadangiyirunnu. 1617 aayappozhekkum athu parker kudumbatthinte kaikalilekku thirichetthi, kaaranam francis parker cholam unakkaan upayogichirunna millum choolayum keezhadakki. millinte thakarchayekkurichu vyakthamaaya rekhakalonnumilla. 1440 muthal millinginaayi vellam upayogikkunnathu vivaadamaayirunnu, "vaitlifeldile vellam athinte sariyaaya gathiyiloode thirichuvidunnathu coventry munbathe doshakaramaanennu parati undaayirunnu."
wheel enna pradeshathiloode kadannupokunna mattoru aruviyaanu vaitli aruviyumaayi cherunnathu. 1949ll oru mill anakkettinteyum nannayi samrakshikkappetta oru wall oottathinteyum avashishtangal undaayirunnu ennathinte vyakthamaaya thelivukal labhyamaayirunnu, ennirunnaalum eee sthalathinu peronnum kandethiyitla. alexander shirtcliffinte udamasthathayilullathum 1520ll paraamarshichathumaaya oru grinding veelaayirikkaamenn revu jeey aarr eastwood karuthi. forkkukalum kadalarikalum grind cheiyunnathinu upayogikkunnathinu purame, aduthulla oru foundariyude avashishtangal ullathinaal ithu mattoru uddeshyathinu sahaayichittundaakam. munbu vaitli aruviyumaayulla jangshante thekk bhagathaanu ecclessfield sthithicheythirunnathu, sanyaasimaarkk 1451 ll paraamarshicha oru vaattar mill undaayirunnu. ithu orupakshe jangshanu sameepamulla valia mill kulatthinte sthalathaayirikkaam, avide 1794 ll oru kottan mill undaayirunnu, athu oru misttar mellore nadathunnu. 1848ll damphlaskile joonn gladvin etteduthathinushesham ithu oru paper millayi maari. kuranjathu rund thavanayenkilum kathikkappettenkilum, ithu punarnirmmikkukayum 1901 vare paper nirmmaanam thudarukayum cheythu. daam ippol praadeshika mathsyathozhilaalikal malsyabandhana kulamaayi upayogikkunnu.
paper mill anakkettin thaazhe, vividha samayangalil kuranjathu moonnu cholam millukalenkilum undaayirunnuvenkilum perukal marikkondirunnu, thirichariyaan prayaasamaan. 1600 muthal upper koonn milline muur mill ennu vilichirunnuvenkilum 1791ll upper koonn mill ennariyappettirunnu. 1794ll miller mill aayirunnu misttar mellore, ennaal 1817 aayappozhekkum chaals shargill miller marichappol ithu nyoo koonn mill ennariyappedukayum 1855 oordanans sarway maappil angane label cheyyukayum cheythu. 1855ll pazhaya koonn mill ennum pinneedu oats mill ennum ariyappettirunna nether koonn millaayirunnu thaazhekkulla adutha millu. 1635ll ithu kaar mill ennum ariyappettirikkam. 1794ll emm. aarr. mellorinte udamasthathayilulla moonnaamathe millaayirunnu ithu. 1845ll green aandu kambani oru irumbu foundari thurakkukayum jalachakram upayogichu athinu vaidyuthi nalkukayum cheythu. vaitli aruvi raag allengil raag wheel ennum ariyappettirunna olivar veelilekk thaazhekku thudarnnu. 1552ll paraamarshicha "wheel under eglixfeld" aayirikkam ithu. revu jeey aarr eastwood 1637ll rund trafukalulla oru cuttler wheel aanennu rekhappeduthiyittundu. 1794ll eee sthalathu oru paper mill undaayirunnu, ennaal 1825ll olivar veelil ettu perr undaayirunnu, avarude thozhil fork nirmmaathaavaayirunnu, athinaal athu oru cuttler veelilekk madangiyethiyirikkaam. 
hartley aruvi daikkinte samgamasthaanathinu kizhakk butterthwait veelinu vaidyuthi nalkunnathinaayi blackbane aruvi anakkett cheythu. 1794ll misttar roosan paattatthinu nalkiyappol ezhu trafukalundaayirunnu, eee saittil ettu perr jolie cheythirunnu. 1860kalil ithu hallam sahodaranmaar ettedukkukayum neythu vyavasaayathinaayi hackle gill pinnukalum nirmmikkunna oru vayar millayi maarukayum cheythu. ithu 1890 vare thudarnnu. vaattar wheel neekkam cheythathinu thottupinnaale saitt jibralter steel varkkukalayi maari, ennaal anakkettil ninnulla kettidangalum vellavum 1923 nuu munbu jeey alan paper baagukalude nirmmaanathinaayi upayogichirunnu, 1948 ll addeham marikkunnathuvare. granch leninu kizhakkayi oru mill rays granch millile oru anakkett (daam mathilinu pinnilulla oru jalasambharaniyude praadeshika padam) nirachu. panthrandaam noottaandil kirkkstedile sanyasimar nirmmicha oru millinte sthalamaanithennu revu jeey aarr eastwoodinu urappaayirunnu, ennaal ithu eathu thelivine adisthaanamaakkiyullathaane urappilla. pathinezhaam noottaandinte avasaanathil eee sthalathu rund millukal undaayirunnu, athesamayam 1723 muthalulla oru paattatthil oru choolayum rund millukalum undennu paraamarsikkunnu. 1904-ll oru theepidutthatthil granj mill nasippikkappettu, ennaal avashishtangal kaarshika kettidangalil ulppeduthiyenkilum punarnirmmichilla.
blackbane graamatthil eee aruvi blackbane veelinu oorjjam nalki. aduthulla kunninpuratthu thozhilaallikalkulla kottejukalulla oru cheria samooham undaayirunnu. 1794ll chakratthil patthu trafukal undaayirunnu, 1825ll 15 perr fork nirmmaathaakkalaayi jolie cheythirunnu. 1880 vare ithu pradhana upayogamaayirunnuvennu thonnunnu, athinusesham praadeshika vanangalil uthppaadippikkunna karil ninnu foundari blacking nirmmikkaan ithu upayogichirunnu. pinneedu ithu blacking mill ennum ariyappedukayum bhoopadangalil curry varkkukal ennu mudrakuthappedukayum cheythuvenkilum 1909 oode bisinesses avasaanikkukayum electrode varkkukalude nirmmaanatthiloode ellah avashishtangalum nasippikkappedukayum cheythu. chakram poyittundengilum, innathe royal ookku public hausinu vadakku munisippal athirthi pinthudarunna kramarahithamaya paathayiloode nadiyude muun gathi kaanaan kazhiyum. blackbane aruvi doninoppam cherunnu, avide muun blackbane forginte sthalathu, aruviyil ninnu onno rando anakkettukal nirachirunnu. 1794ll forge maasttarude peru emartope allengil hartop ennaayirunnu, 1830kalil peettar linley enna oru tilttar athinte udamasthathayilaayirunnu, ennaal mattonnum ariyilla, 1892 aayappozhekkum athu aprathyakshamaayi.
orikkal blackbaninte samgamasthaanathinaduthu ninnirunna oru power steshanum blackbane medos power steshan ennu vilikkunna done undaayirunnu. 1980ll power steshan nirthalaakkiyenkilum 2008 august 24 vare tinsley vayadaktinu sameepam rund cooling towerukalum kaanaamaayirunnu, avaa thakarkkappedukayum avaye oru pothu kalaarangamaayi upayogikkaanulla badal padhathikal thadassappeduthukayum cheythu.
jalathinte gunanilavaaram.
englandile nadee samvidaanangalude jalathinte gunanilavaaram paristhithi ejansi alakkunnu. oororutharkkum mothatthilulla paaristhithika padavi nalkiyittundu, athu uyarnna, nalla, mithamaaya, mosham, cheetha ennee anchu thalangalil onnayirikkaam. akasherukkal, angiospermukal, malsyangal ennivayude alavum tharangalum nokkunna jaiva nila ulppede ithu nirnnayikkaan niravadhi gadakangal upayogikkunnu. vividha raasavasthukkalude saandrathaye ariyappedunna surakshita saandrathayumaayi thaarathamyam cheiyunna raasa nilaye nallatho paraajayappettatho aayi vilayiruthunnu. 
chalton aruviyumaayulla jangshante thaazhe ninnu doonn nadiyilekkulla bhagam maathram ulkkollunna blackbane aruviyude jalathinte gunanilavaaram 2019 ll iprakaaramaayirunnu.
akasherukkale badhikkunna chaanalinte bhauthika parishkkaranavum thettaaya drainage shringalayumaayi thettaaya reethiyil bandhippichirikkunna gaarhika malinajala maalinyangal puranthallunna thettaaya kanakshanukalum kaaranam nadiye nalla nilavaramullathaayi tharamthirichittilla. polybrominated diaphinal eetharukal (pbde), perfluoroctain sulfonate (pfos), merkuri samyukthangal, mattu rasavasthukkal ennivayude saannidhyam kaaranam yukeyile pala nadikaleyum pole 2019 ll raasa nila nanmayil ninnu parajayamaayi maari, ivayonnum munbu moolyanirnnayathil ulppeduthiyitla.
vellapokkam.
shefield wincobankile blackbane aruvi "gajing steshanaanu jalanirapp nireekshikkunnathu. eee sthalathinte saadhaarana paridhi aandu ennivaykkidayilaanu. 2007leeii yunaittad kingdatthile vellapokkasamayath eee steshan rekhappeduthiya nilavaramaayirunnu. chaappaltaun paarkkinte praveshana kavaadatthil aruvi athinte theerangal pottitherichu, avide aruvi 629 kauli paathaykk keezhil ozhukunnu. kauli lineileyum falding streettileyum niravadhi swathukkal vellathinadiyilaayi, oru praadeshika school vidyaarthiye aruviyil veenathinu sesham athivegam ozhukunna vellathil ninnu rakshikkendivannu.
2007leeii paripadi muthal, wincobankile saadhaarana nadeenirapp-02 meterinum-02 meterinum idayilaanu. 2019 november 7 nuu 2019 leeii vellappokkathil athiyathinaal rekhappeduthiya ettavum uyarnna nilayum vardhichu. blackbane aruvikkum ecclessfield aruvikkum 2019 november 7 nuu vellapokka munnariyippukal purappeduvichu, jalanirapp munbu rekhappeduthiyathinekkaal kooduthalaanengilum, vellapokkam ecclessfieldile mill roadle vaitli leynilum parimithappedutthiyirunnu, vaitli brook kalunkile thadassangal moolam, blackbane aruvikk vellathinte alavu niyantrikkaan kazhiyaatha ecclessfieldile butterthwait leyinum steshan roadinum, blackbane aruviyum done kandumuttunna medoholile medohal roadinum. november 8 nuu vaitli aruvi kalunkinulla praveshana kavaadatthe bhaagikamaayi thadanja avashishtangal kararukar neekkam cheythu, ithu vellam veendum swathanthramaayi ozhukaan praapthamakki.
vellapokka prathirodha padhathi.
2014 septambaril shefield sitti kaunsil 233 veedukal samrakshikkunnathinaayi upper blackbane aruviyil 2 dasalaksham poundu vellapokka nivaarana paripadi srishtikkaanulla padhathikal prakhyaapichu. 2019 ll eee mekhalayile kooduthal vellappokkathethudar, blackbane aruviyude pravartthanangal ulppede southu yorkshareile vellapokka durithaashwaasa padhathikalkkaayi sarkkar 80 dasalaksham poundu nalki.

