
twistroniks

dvimaana vasthukkalude paalikalkkidayilulla koninu (twist) avayude vaidyutha gunangale engane maattaan kazhiyum ennathinekkurichulla padanamaanu twistroniks (twist, electronics). bilayer graphene polulla vasthukkalkk noonn-conductive muthal suuppar conductive vareyulla valare vyathyasthamaaya electronic swabhaavamundennu theliyikkappettittund, ithu paalikal thammilulla konine sensitteevaayaayi aasrayichirikkunnu. harward sarvakalaashaalayile ephthemios kaaksirakalude gaveshana samghamaanu graphene soopparlaattisukalekkur saidhaanthika chikilsayil eee padam aadyamaayi avatharippichathu.
charithram.
2007-ll, naashanal yooniversitti oof singapur bhauthikashaasthranjanaaya antonio kaastro netto rund thettaaya krameekaricha graphene sheettukal orumichu amarthunnathu puthiya vaidyutha gunangal nalkumennu anumaanikkukayum graphene soopparkandaktivittiyil oru vazhi nalkumennu prathyekam nirddeshikkukayum cheythu, pakshe addeham rund ashayangalum samyojippichilla. 2010ll chiliyile universidid technica federico santa mariyayile gaveshakar oru degreod aduthulla oru prathyeka koninaayi valanja bilayer graafeeninte electronic gadanayude baand poornnamaayum parannathayi kandethi, aaa saidhaanthika swath kaaranam, koottaaya perumaattam saadhyamaakaamennu avar nirddeshichu. 2011-ll (oosttinile texas sarvakalaashaalayile) alaan mcdonald raafi bistritsarum oru lalithamaaya saidhaanthika maathruka upayogichu munbu kandethiya "majik angle" rund graphene sheettukalkkidayil thurankam nirmmikkaan oru swatantra electroninu oorjjathinte alavu ganyamaayi maarumennu kandethi. 2017ll harward sarvakalaashaalayile ephthemios kaaksiraasukalude gaveshana samgham eee dvimaana samvidaanathil electronukalude asaadhaaranamaaya swabhaavam prerippikkaan kazhiyunna rund graphene paalikal thammilulla twist aamgilil anishchithathvam kuraykkunnathinu vishadamaaya kwaandam mechanics kanakkukoottalukal upayogichu. 2018-ll, mittile pareekshanakaranaaya pablo jaarillo-herrero, maanthrika koonn allen mcdonald raafi bistritsarum pravachicha asaadhaaranamaaya vaidyutha gunangalkk kaaranamaayathaayi kandethi. mathiyaya kuranja thapanilayil 1.1 digri bhramanathil, electronukal oru paaliyil ninnu mattonnilekku neengukayum oru laattisum soopparkandaktivitti prathibhasavum srishtikkukayum cheiyunnu.
eee kandethalukalude prasidheekaranam prathibhasangal manasilakkaanum vishadeekarikkaanum sramikkunna niravadhi saidhaanthika prabandhangalum vividha paalikal, twist aamgilukal, mattu vasthukkal enniva upayogichu niravadhi pareekshanangalum srishtichu. staakkinte electronic gunangal hetterostreyinine shakthamayi aashrayikkumenn thudarnnulla kruthikal theliyichu, prathyekichu majik aamgilinu sameepam straintronicsil saadhyathayulla prayogangal anuvadikkunnu.
savisheshathakal.
suuppar kandakshanum insulation.
soopparkandaktivittiyutti saidhaanthika pravachanangal mablo jaarillo-herero mittile addehathinte vidyaarthi yuwan kavoy harward sarvakalashaalayileyum jappaanile sukubayile naashanal instittyoott phoor meteeriyals sciencileyum sahapravarthakarum sthireekarichu. bilayer graphenil soopparkandaktivitti nilavilundennu 2018 ll avar parishodhichu, avide oru paali mattonninodu thaarathamyappeduthumbol 1.1 digri konil karangukayum oru moyer paatten roopappedukayum cheiyunnu. kaanthikakshethrathinu keezhil kandakdarinu pakaram insulettaraayi pravartthikkunna rund bilayer upakaranangal avar srishtichu. feeld shakti vardhippichathode randaamathe upakaranam oru soopparkandaktaraakki.
oru cheria volteju deferential prayogichu superconductive pathakal oonaakkukayum oofaakkukayum cheiyunna oru reethiyude kandethalaan twistroniksil kooduthal purogathi.
bhinnaghadanakal.
durbalamaaya vaan derr walls fozhsu orumichu pidichirikkunna aattomik nerttha sheettukalude roopathil hetterostructure roopappeduthunna mattu vasthukkalumayi graphene paalikal samyojippichum pareekshanangal nadathiyittundu. udaaharanathinu, 2019 joolaiyil "sayansil" prasidheekaricha oru padanatthil rund graphene sheettukalkkidayil oru boron nitride laattis chertthathode, 1.17° konil savisheshamaaya oorbittal pheromagnetic efakttukal uthpaadippikkappettathi kandethi, ithu kwaandam computerukalil memory nadappilakkaan upayogikkaam. valanja bilayer graafeeninekkurichulla kooduthal spectroscopic padanangal maanthrika konile sakthamaaya electron-electron parasparabandhangal velippeduthi.
electron pudding.
bismat selenide dicalcogenidenumula 2-dii paalikalkkidayil, bosttanile vadakkukizhakkan sarvakalaashaalayile gaveshakar, oru prathyeka twisttil shudhamaaya electronukal maathram adangiya oru puthiya laattis paali vikasikkumennu kandethi. rund paalikal thammilulla vinyaasathinte alavukalum bhauthika phalangalum electronukale sthirathayulla oru laattisilekk keniyil pedutthunna "pudil" pradeshangal srishtikkunnathaayi thonnunnu. eee sthirathayulla laattisil electronukal maathram adangiyirikkunnathinaal, nireekshikkappedunna aadyathe aattomik ithara laattis aanith, electronukale parimithappeduthunnathinum niyanthrikkunnathinum alakkunnathinum kondupokunnathinumulla puthiya avasarangal nirddeshikkunnu.
ferro magnettism.
boron nitridinte 2-dii paaliyodukoodiya graafeeninte rund paalikal adangiya moonnu paalikalude nirmmaanam soopparkandaktivitti, insulation, ferro magnettism enniva pradarshippikkunnathaayi theliyikkappettittund. 2021ll orotta graphene flakilaanu ithu nediyathu.