kudungiya swath

apratheekshithamo akaalamo aaya ezhuthithallalukal, moolyathakarcha allengil baadhyathakalilekku parivartthanam cheyyal ennivayaal durithamanubhavicha aasthikalaanu". kudungiya asthikal vividha gadakangal moolamundaakaam, saambathika valarcha, parivartthanam, naveenashayangal ennivayude 'srishtiparamaaya naashatthil' antharleenamaaya oru prathibhaasamaan; athinaal avaa vyakthikalkkum sthaapanangalkkum apakadasadhyathakal srishtikkukayum vyavasthaapitha prathyaaghaathangal undaakkukayum cheyyum. kalavastha vyathiyaanam kaarban theevrathayulla vyavasayangalkkum nikshepakarkkum kudungikkidakkunna aasthikalil ganyamaaya vardhanavinu kaaranamakumennum loka sambadvyavasthayiludaneelam tharamgafalamundaakkumennum prathekshikkunnu.
oru swath baadhyathayaayi parivartthanam cheythathinushesham saambathika nashtam ozhivaakkunnathin saambathika risk maanejmentinu eee padam pradhaanamaan. aasthikalude vaikalyam kaikaaryam cheiyunnathinulla nadapadikal akkoundantumaarkkundu (udha.jii. athaayath 16) oru sthaapanathinte swathukkal veendedukkaavunna thukayekkaal kooduthal kaivasham vaykkunnillennu urappakkaan shramikkunnu. eee pashchaathalatthil, kaalaharanappettatho pravartthanarahithamo aaya oru swathaayum kudungiya aasthikale nirvachikkunnu, ennaal laabhanashtamaayi balance sheettil rekhappeduthanam.
kalavastha sambandhiyaaya swathukkal kudungikkidakkunnu.
paristhithi, kalavastha vyathiyana vyavaharangalil "kudungiya asthikal" enna padam ganyamaaya praadhaanyam nediyittundu, avide paristhithiyumaayi bandhapetta gadakangal (kalavastha vyathiyaanam polullava) vividha mekhalakalile aasthikale engane thadassappeduthunnu ennathil shradha kendreekarikkunnu. kalavastha sambandhiyaaya swath izhayal" enna padam palappozhum eee pashchaathalatthil upayogikkunnu. ithu enna, vaathakam, kalkari kambanikale badhikkum, koodaathe "steel, aluminium, simant, plaastik, harithagriha hortikalchar thudangiya kaarban theevramaaya vyavasaayangale" badhikkum. kooduthal vishaalamaayi paranjaal, phoosil indhana kayattumathiye aasrayikkunna rajyangaleyum saankethikavidyayude prathyeka vaidagdhyamulla thozhilaallikaleyum kudungiya swathukkalude kaaryatthil chinthikkam.
ooksfoord sarvakalaashaalayile smith school oof enterprisilum paristhithiyilum kudungiya aasthikalude paripadi anusarichu, kudungiya aasthikalkk kaaranamakunna paristhithiyumaayi bandhapetta chila apakada gadakangal ivayaanu
upstream oorjja ulppaadanathinte pashchaathalatthil, anthaaraashtra oorjja ejansi kudungiya aasthikale nirvachikkunnath "saambathika jeevitam avasaanikkunnathin munbu (nikshepa theerumaana ghattathil anumaanichathupole) chila samayangalil vipani, niyanthrana anthareeksham ennivayile maattangalude falamaayi saambathika varumanam srishtikkaan kazhiyaatha nikshepangalaanu."
paristhithiyumaayi bandhapetta apakada gadakathinu engane kudungiya asthikal srishtikkaan kazhiyum ennathinte oru janapriya udaaharanamaanu kaarban bubble. mattoru udaaharanam, jarmman sarkkar theerumaanikkukayum fukushima daichi aanava duranthatthinu sesham jappanil charcha cheyyappedukayum cheytha aanavorja nilayangalude ayuss avasaanikkunnathin munbulla nirthalaakkalaanu. ennirunnaalum, jappanil aanavorja nilayangal nirthalaakkunnathu budhimuttaanu, kaaranam pravarthanakshamamaaya 42 reactorukalum 5 power plaantukalil 9 reactorukalum maathram pravartthikkunnu, nirthalaakkal sthiramaanenkil valia alavil kuranja kaarban oorjja uthppaadanam nashtappedunnu. mattu rajyangalil, aanavorja reactors nirthalaakkumbol, eee kuranja kaarban oorjja ulppaadanathinu pakaram chilappol uyarnna kaarban oorjja ulppaadanam (athaayath.iii. kalkari vaidyutha nilayangal polulla phoosil indhana oorjja nilayangal...) paarees karaarilethaan raajyathinte portfolio mishrithatthinte 20-22% aanavorjjamaayi thudarendathundu. 2025 oode 12 yoonittukalum 2030 oode 18 yoonittukalum sevanathilekku madangiyethumennu kanakkaakkappedunna 26 punararambha apekshakal ippol theerppaakkiyitla. aanavorja nilayangal kalavastha vyathiyaanathin valare kurachu sambhavana nalkunnundengilum avaa mattu apakadasadhyathakal srishtikkunnu (athaayath.iii. suraksha, aanava maalinyangal,...). kalavastha vyathiyanavumaayi bandhapetta kaaranangalal paristhithi, manushya suraksha kaaranangalal fission reactorukalude asattu stranding sambhavikkaan kooduthal saadhyathayund. chila puthiya tharatthilulla reactors suraksha apakadasadhyathakal ganyamaayi kuraykkaan anuvadikkumbol (nishkriya nuclear sephtti, thorium adhishtitha nuclear power, nuclear fusion reactor kaanuka), pazhaya tharatthilulla reactors (ithinakam nirmmichirikkaam, ippozhum veendum upayogikkaan kazhiyum) atharam uyarnna suraksha savisheshathakal undaayirikkilla, ennirunnaalum nilavilulla reactorukalil badal indhana gulikakalum cladding upayogichu suraksha oru paridhivare mechappeduthaam. aanava indhanathinte khananam thanne valare vivaadamaayi thudarunnu, athinaal nilavilulla "chelavazhicha" aanava indhanathinte stokkil ninnu vyathyasthamayi apakadasaadhyathaykk saadhyathayund-ithu yadhaarthathil ippozhum upayogathinaayi dhaaraalam oorjjam adangiyirikkunnu (aanava punarsamskaranangal kaanuka)-. sthiramaaya aarogya apakadamundaakkunna aanava maalinyangal (nilavilulla aanava maalinyangalude shekharam) nilavilulla aanava maalinya shekharam punarupayogikkunnathiloode (punarupayogam, kuraykkuka, punarupayogikkuka) valareyadhikam kuraykkaanum breeder reactorukalil indhanamaayi pravartthikkaanum kazhiyum. ennirunnaalum, vividha kaaranangalal ithu cheyyaan kazhinjekkilla. saambathikamaayi paranjaal, aasthiyude thirichadavu samayam kuraykkuka mathramalla, pirichuvidal baadhyathakalude thwarithappeduthal avarude motham ippozhathe chelavu vardhippikkukayum cheiyunnu. sarkkar niyamanirmmaanathile maattangalude falamaayi theerumaanangal edukkumbol, aasthiyude upayogapradamaaya jeevithathil shekharichirikkunna pirichuvidal vyavasthakalkkappuramulla baadyathakal udama/oopparettar ennivarkku pakaram nikuthidaayakan chumakkendathundu.
vaidyuthorja ulppaadana niyanthranavimochanathekkura charchakalil, bandhapetta padam 'tranded koost' ennathu oru malsaraadhishtitha anthareekshathil anaavashyamaayekkaavunna nilavilulla yoottility adisthaana soukaryangalile nilavilulla nikshepangale prathinidheekarikkunnu.
mekhala anusarichu kudungiya swathukkal.
oorjja mekhala.
phoosil indhanangal (phoosil oayil, kalkari) verthirichedukkunna kambanikal aagolathaapanathin avar nalkunna sambhavana kaaranam upabhokthaakkalkk pakaram (athaayath) puranthallaattha badal indhanangalilekku marran kazhiyumenna bheeshani neridunnu.iii. hydrajan, jaiva indhanangal...). koodaathe, chila pradeshangalil phoosil indhana subsidikal (bhaagikamaayo poornnamaayo) vettikkuraykkappedumbedu bheeshaniyumundu (europian green deale kaanuka). maarikkondirikkunna oorjja bhooprakrithiyum covid-19 mahamariyude saambathika marananirakkum ardhamaakkunnathu aagola crude demand orikkalum 2019 leeii saraashariyekkaal kooduthal aakillenn chila enna kambanikal prasthaavichittundu. oru anthaaraashtra ennakkambaniyenna nilayil ninnu kuranja kaarban saankethikavidyakalil shradha kendreekarikkunna oru samyojitha oorjja kambaniyaayi marran bipi ithinakam shramikkunnu, athesamayam 2030 oode mothatthilulla enna, vathaka uthppaadanam 40 sathamaanam kuraykkaanum lakshyamidunnu. exon mobilin kuranjathu 2013 muthal alga indhanangalil pravartthikkunnu, koodaathe 2017 ll noothana jaiva indhanangalekkurichulla samyuktha gaveshanathil oru munnettam report cheythu.
enna kambanikal indhanam mathramalla uthppaadippikkunnathenna ivide paraamarsikkendathaanu (athaayath.iii. petrol, deesal,...) asamskritha ennayil ninnu mathramalla petrochemical vyavasaayam upayogikkunna vividha phoosil oayil derivettukalum uthpaadippikkunnu. phoosil oayil adhishtitha plaastikkin pakaramaayi, petrochemical vyavasaayam thanne vilakalil ninnu labhikkuna padaarthangal (biorifining) upayogichu nirmmikkunna bioplasticsine (plaastik malineekaranavumaayi bandhapetta prasnangal ozhivakkaan biodegradable) nokkunnu. chila sandarbhangalil, nilavilulla phoosil oayil refinerykal biorifinerykal badal indhanangal ulppaadippikkumennathil punarnirmikkaan kazhiyum, mathramalla upayogikkunna feedstokkine aashrayich mattu derivettukalude vishalamaaya shreniyum.
upabhokthakkal avarude vaahanangalkk oorjjam nalkunnathinaayi poornnamaayum puranthallaattha indhanangalilekku maarukayaanengil, ithu avarude phoosil indhanangal verthirichedukkunna instaaleshanukalude labham kuraykkum (kaaranam avarude phoosil indhanangalude valia alavu kuravaanu vilkkunnath). eee bheeshani kuraykkunnathino illaathaakkunnathino niravadhi saadhyathakal undu
chila nagarangalil kuranja malineekarana mekhalakalundu, ithu anuvadaneeyamaaya puranthallal vathaka udvamanathinu paridhi nischayikkunnu. ellah jwalana enchin vaahanangalum eee malineekarana paridhiyil athanamennilla, vahana udamakal avarude vahanam mattoru indhanathil pravarthippikkaan theerumaanichekkaam (ithu malineekaranamillathathaanu). nilavilulla vaahanathe electric propulsion aakki maattuka (electric vahana parivartthanam kaanuka), nilavilulla vaahanathe hydrajanilekku parivartthanam cheyyuka (hydrajan intenal combussion enchin vahanam kaanuka), ethanol, biobutanol, biodiesel, bayoeethar enniva saadhyathayullavayaanu... (badal indhana vahanam kaanuka). jaiva indhana indhana steshanukalude labhyatha oro pradeshathinum vyathyasthamaan, ennaal udaaharanathinu hydrajane sambandhichidatholam, hydrajan inn-sittu ulppaadippikkaan kazhiyunnathum gaarhika upayogathinu anuyojyavumaaya hydrajan steshanukal nilavilundu, koodaathe pala raajyangalum avarude prakrithivaathaka pipeline samvidaanathe parivartthanam cheiyunnathinum pravartthikkunnu (hydrajan sambadvyavastha kaanuka).
krishiyum vanavalkkaranavum.
krishiyilum vanavalkkaranathilum swathukkal kudungikkidakkaanulla saadhyatha valare valuthaanu.
kaarshika mekhalayile saankethika purogathi, paristhithi niyanthranangalileyum nayangalileyum mattangal, prakrithi duranthangal (athaayath.iii. vellapokkam, kodunkaattu, varalcha...).
vayalukalile vellapokkam, aalipazham, varalcha enniva moolam vilakalkku kedupaadukal sambhavikkam allengil nasippikkappedaam. jalamo sasyajaalangalo (pulmedukalile pullu) illaathathinaal kannukaalikal kashtappedukayo marikkukayo cheyyaam. kalavastha vyathiyaanam kaaranam kalavastha vyathiyaanam vardhikkukayum (kalavastha vyathiyaanathinte phalangal kaanuka) prakrithi duranthangal kooduthal pathivayi sambhavikkukayum apakadasaadhyatha kooduthal vardhippikkukayum cheiyunnu.
chila kaarshika kambanikal kudungikkidakkunnathinnu kurachu ulkkaazhcha nalkunna protein uthppaadippikkunna kambanikalude oru pattika samaaharicha collar fair protein nirmmaathaav soochika srishtichittundu. maamsam, malsyam, ksheeramekhalayile niravadhi kambanikale mosham prakadanamullavayaayi avar rank cheythittundu.
kannukaalikale paripaalikkunnathin saadhaaranayaayi dhaaraalam sthalam aavasyamaanu (bhakshanam vezhsas kaanuka. theetta, bhoomi upayogam) kaaryakshamamayirikkanamenna (kaarshika uthppaadanakshamatha, bhakshanam, bhakshanam enniva kaanuka. pheed, pheed parivartthana anupatham). nilavil adhikam sthalam edukkaatha kaarshika samvidaanangalilekkulla oru neekkamund (athaayath.iii. logistiksile prasnangal kuraykkunnathinu (praadeshika bhakshanam, phaam-tuu-table, nagara krishi, lamba phaam enniva kaanuka) upabhokthaavin sameepamaan lambamaya krishiyidangal). kooduthal kaaryakshamathaykkum kooduthal valarunna paalikalkkumaayi chila lamba faamukal poornnamaayum automated cheythittundu. udaaharanathinu, pattanangalkk sameepamulla upekshikkappetta kettidangal lambamaya krishiyidangalaayi parivartthanam cheyyaan kazhiyum, athu soochippicha aanukoolyangal neduka mathramalla, kettidatthe punarnirmmikkukayum cheiyunnu (saankethikamaayi paranjaal ithinakam kudungiya swath).
vanangalumayi thaarathamyappeduthumbol pulmedukalum (kannukaalikalkk mechilpikkaan aavashyamaayava) phalapradamaaya kaarban sinkukalalla (vardhikkumennu prathekshikkunnu, chuvade kaanuka). kannukaalikal thanne valia kaarban udvamanavum srishtikkunnu (irachi ulppaadanathinte paaristhithika aaghaatham kaanuka).
netherlandsil, kaalitheetta-valam chakram avasanippikkukayum maalinya aruvikal punarupayogikkukayum krithrima valangalude upayogam kuraykkukayum cheiyunna oru vrithaakrithiyilulla kaarshika samvidaanathilekkulla parivartthanam nadannuvarikayaanu. kaarshika samrambhakarkk staattsbosbeheerimaayirum ("samsthaana vanaa maanejment") oru karar oppidaanulla avasaravum ithu nalkunnu, avar paattatthinu nalkunna bhoomi prakrithi ulkkollunna landbouvinu ("prakrithi ulkkollunna maanejment") upayogikkunnu. athinaal ithu sthalaprashnam (vanathe adisthaanamaakkiyulla kaarban sink/biosecustration sonukalkkaayi pulmedukal idam edukkunnu) pariharikkan sahayikkunnu.
sylvopasture aanu ithinulla mattoru pariharam.
ireland, netherlands thudangiya chila rajyangalil rajyath sookshikkunna kannukaalikalude ennam (chila sandarbhangalil 50 sathamaanam vare) kuraykkunnathu sambandhichu charchakal nadakkunnundu.
paristhithiyil kannukaalikalude swaadheenam kuraykkunnathinu janithaka thiranjeduppu vazhi roomanil methanotrophic bakteeriyakal ulppeduthuka, bhakshana parishkkaranam, mechilppura paripalanam thudangiya mattu oopshanukalum paryavekshanam cheiyunnundu.
chila karshakar kuranja irachi ulppaadanathilekkulla (cheria koottangal) neekkam sweekarikkaan thudangi, pakshe gunanilavaarathilum (ruchi) vilayilum (athaayath.iii. kannukaalikale maathram allengil pradhaanamaayum pullu kondu bhakshikkuka...). eee samvidaanathekkurichulla vishadaamshangalkku jaivakrishiyum ecolable kaanuka. pullu maathram allengil pradhaanamaayum upayogikkunnathiloode, udvamanam saadhaaranayaayi kuravaayirikkum, ruchi mechappeduthaanum kazhiyum.
ithu pariganikkathe, chila reportukal ippozhum kannukaalikalude valia kuravinekkurichaanu samsaarikkunnath (udha.jii. 2030 aakumbozhekkum chila rajyangalil kannukaalikal). 2100 aakumbozhekkum ellah mrugasamrakshanavum avasaanikkumenn "mrugasamrakshanathinte avasaanam" enna pusthakam vaadikkunnu.
paal pakarakkar, shudhamaaya maamsam, maamsam analogukal, single sell protein enniva chila kannukaalikalil itharathilulla idivu srishtikkunna shoonyatha pariharikkan sahayikkum. koodaathe, roominant allatha kannukaalikal (udha.jii. kozhi) roominant kannukaalikalekkaal valare kurachu puranthallal srishtikkunnu.(irachi uthppaadanathinte paaristhithika aaghaatham kaanuka)
vilakalude vilayile vyathiyaanavum karshakarkk saambathika apakadamundaakkunnu. chilar samoohathinte pinthunayulla krishiyilekku maari, athil karshakanu aazhchathorum allengil prathimasa adisthaanathil (subscription) upabhokthaakkalkk vitharanam cheiyunna vilakalkku oru nischitha vila nalkunnu. ithu vilayile vyathiyaanam ozhivaakkukayum angane karshakarude saambathika apakadasaadhyatha kuraykkukayum cheiyunnu.
krishiyogyamaaya bhoomiyil valarunna bhakshyavilakalil ninnu nirmmikkunna indhanangalaanu onnaam thalamura jaiva indhanangal. aadya thalamura jaiva indhanangal ithinakam maravippichittundu. vananaseekaranam, prakrithi aavaasavyavasthayude nashtam, harithagriha vathaka udvamanam ennivayulppede prakrithi paristhithiye badhikkunna aadya thalamura jaiva indhanangalaayi (paam oayil polullava) upayogikkunna chila ennakal, oramguttaan, sumatran kaduva thudangiya vamshanaashabheeshani neridunna jeevajaalangale bheeshanippeduthunnuvennu vimarshikkappedunnu.
vanavalkkaranathe sambandhichidatholam, jaiva anweshana saadhyathakal kaaranam vananasheekaranathil nilavil valareyadhikam thaalpparyamund. oru trilyan marangal punarnirmmikkaanum kedupaadukal sambhavicha aavaasavyavasthakal nannakkaanum trilyan vruksha pracharanam lakshyamidunnu. pradeshangalude samrakshanam kaarban sequestration sheshi vardhippikkaan sahayikkunna oru samvidaanamaayum kaanapedunnu. europian union, 2030-leeii europian union jaivavaividhya thanthrathiloode 2030-oode samudrapradeshathinte 30 sathamaanavum karapradeshathinte 30 sathamaanavum samrakshikkukayenna lakshyathode, prakrithiyude 30x30-nulla prakrithi harjikkaayulla kaambeyn jaivavaividhya coop 15 uchakodiyekkurichulla kanvenshanil athe lakshyam sarkkaarukalkk amgeekarikkaan shramikkunnu. ore lakshyamaanu. oru bhouma kalavastha maathruka nammude bhoomiyudeyum samudrangaludeyum 50 sathamaanam samrakshikkaan upadeshikkunnu. mattu reportukaleppole punarnirmmaanatthinte praadhaanyavum ithu oonnipparayunnu. vettakkar sasyabhukkukalude ennam niyanthrikkukayum (sasyangalude jaiva pindam kuraykkunnu) avayude bhakshana swabhaavathe baadikkukayum cheiyunnu ennathaanu kaaranam.
malsya uthppaadanam.
malsyamekhalayil akwakalchar janapriyamaayikkondirikkayu. saadhaarana malsyabandhanathil ninnu vyathyasthamayi, thuranna kadalil vanya malsyangale pidikkendathilla. pakaram, kadalile valakalilo kandeynarukalilo kulangalilo aanu malsyam valarthunnathu... karayil, athinaal "malsyabandhana kappalukalude upayogam aavasyamilla". malsyabandhana kappalukal vaangunnathinum paripalikkunnathinum pravarthippikkunnathinum (indhanachelavu) chelaveriyathaanu, athesamayam oru catch orikkalum urappunalkunnilla (allengil oru malsyabandhana yaathrayil pidikkaan kazhiyunna thuka). clossed surcuted samvidaanangalil undaakunna rogangalude saadhyatha kuraykkunnathinu, mathsyakrishiyum jala sasyakrishiyum samyojippikkunna samyojitha multy trophic akwakalchar upayogikkunnu. malsyangalil ninnu puranthallappedunna poshakangal sasyangal ithinaal sweekarikkukayum rogangal undakanulla saadhyatha kuraykkukayum cheiyunnu.
chemmeen krishiyil, samyojitha kandalkkaadukal-chemmeen akwakalchar nilavilundu, ithu chemmeen valarthunnathu adachitta kulangalil allah, kandalkkadukalilaanu. ithu rogangal varaanulla saadhyathayum ozhivaakkunnu. ithinupurame, munbu nasippikkappetta kandalkkaadukal punasthaapikkunnathinulla samrambhakarkk ithu oru prachodanamaayirikkaam, kaaranam avaykku puthuthayi srishticha kandalkkaadukalude saambathika nettangal koyyan kazhiyum.
labil valarthunna shudhamaaya malsyavum nilavilundu. malsyathinte asthikalillaathe varunnathum kazhikkaan eluppamullathumaayathinaal ithu nirmmathaavinum upabhokthavinum chila aanukoolyangal nalkunnu (mukalil kaanuka).
vinodasanjaaram.
chila thaazhnna theerapradeshangalil kalavastha vyathiyaanathinte (samudranirappu uyarunnathu) phalangal kaaranam kettidangal vellathinadiyilaakaanulla saadhyatha vardhichu. ennirunnaalum, nirmmaanathinulla apakadasaadhyatha (nirmmaana kambanikalkkum nikshepakarkkum...prathirodha nadapadikal (aasoothranam cheytha) nadappilaakkukayaanenkil) kurayunnu.
maalinyangalude saannidhyam (jaiva nasheekaranamillaatha plaastik maalinyangal)...), samskarikkaatha malinajalam... -aii.iii. vinodasanjaara kendrangal vinodasanjaara mekhalaye badhikkunnu (hotelukal,..) negatteevu (sandarshakarkku pakaram mattevideyengilum pookaan theerumaanichekkaam...) maalinyam neekkam cheiyunnathinum munisippal maalinya shekharanam (ithu ithuvare nilavilillaattha pradeshangalil), container nikshepa niyamanirmmanam, jaiva naseekarana plaastikkinte upayogam (bhakshya packaging) thudangiya nadapadikal nadappaakkunnathinum sucheekaranangal nadatthaam...
chillara vilppana.
chila soopparmaarkkattukal (dispensorukal upayogichu) kooduthal bhakshanam vitharanam cheyyaan thudangi...) koodaathe bhakshanathinaayi plaastik ithara packaging upayogikkuka (seero vesttu supermarket kaanuka). ithu plaastik kandeynarukal vaangunnathinulla chelavu ozhivaakkukayum plaastik bhakshya kandeynarukal upayogikkunnathumaayi bandhappett upabhokthaakkalkk undakaanidayulla aarogyaprasnangal ozhivaakkukayum cheiyunnu (plaastik bhakshya kandeynarukalile aarogya prasnangal kaanuka).
riyal estettu.
riyal estettu vyavasaayathil, kudungiya asthikal janasamkhya, saankethikavidya, niyanthranam ennivayile mattangal kaaranam kaalaharanapetta kettidangale soochippikkaam. oru kaalath vyaavasaayika aavasyangalkkaayi upayogichirunna kettidangal ithinu udaaharanangalaayirikkum, ennaal ippol udvamanathekkurichulla puthiya niyanthranangal kaaranam atharam upayogangalkk anuyojyamalla. pakaram, mathiyaya demand illaathathinaal kettidangal kudungikkidakkaam; udaaharanathinu, janasamkhyayil kuravundaaya oru pradeshathe oru shopping maall allengil aduthulla aalukalkk saadhanangal vaangaan kazhiyaathathinal. aadhunika paristhithi niyanthranangalkk munbu nirmmicha kettidangal puthiya modalukalekkaal oorjjakshamatha kuranjathum pravartthikkaan kooduthal chelavaakunnathum nilavile maanadandangal paalikkunnathin chelaveria naveekaranangal aavasyamullathumaayathinaal kalavastha vyathiyaanathinte kaaryatthilum kudungiya swathukkal oru aashankayaan. 
gathagatham.
saankethikavidyayile maattam mattu kudungiya swathukkalkku kaaranamaayekkam. udaaharanathinu, oru sevanamaayi (nagara kendrangalil) mobilittiyilekku maarunnu... -carfree sitti sentar-) (i.iii. pankitta vahanangal, pothugathagatham ennivayiloode...) ardhamaakkunnathu kaar nirmmaana sheshi valareyadhikam thadassappedunnu (aaa kaar nirmmaana sheshi mattu vaahanangalude nirmmaanathinaayi veendum upayogikkaan kazhiyunnillengil, model shift, rooad punarvinyasikkal, saikkil haiway, susthiravum smart mobility enniva kaanuka).
charakk gathaagathathinaayi, samrambhakarkk rooad gathaagathathinu pakaramaayi (oru vibhaagathino allengil muzhuvan paathayko) reyil allengil kadal maarggam avarude charakkukal kondupokaam. ithu rooad tirakk, sitti sentar theruvukalil trekkukalkku nereyundaakunna andhamaya apakadangal (mattu apakadangal) thudangiya prasnangal ozhivaakkunnu... rooad tirakk delivari kaalathaamasathinu kaaranamaayekkam, trekkukal ulppedunna apakadangal niyamaparamaaya prashnangalilekku nayikkukayum kambanikku saadhyamaaya adhika chelavukale prathinidheekarikkukayum cheyyum.
avasana mile deliveric (athaayath.iii. nagara kendrangalil), vitharana kendrangal upayogikkaam. nagara kendrangalil soopparmaarkkattukal, outlettu storukal, restorantukal ennivayum athilereyum eluppathil veendum stokku cheyyaan avaa anuvadikkunnu. avar suburban vitharana kendratthil avarude charakk irakkaan tractor unitukale aasrayikkunnu. 
nagara madhyathile lakshyasthaanathekku avasana mile paalikkunnathinayi uthppannangal oru cheria trekkilo (chilappol vaidyuthiyil pravartthikkunna) cargo bikilo mattu vaahanathilo sthaapikkunnu. janangalkk aanukoolyangal nalkunnathinupurame (truck drivermark andhatha kuravaayathinaal vardhicha suraksha, shabdam/traaphik kuravaayathu, tailpipe udvamanam kuravaayathu ennivayum athilereyum), tractor unitukalkku eee avasana mile nikathaan dhaaraalam samayam aavasyamullathinaal ithu kambanikalkku saambathika nettavum nalkunnu (avarkk chadulathayilla, tirakkeriya theruvukalil valareyadhikam indhanam upayogikkunnu).
trekkukal muzhuvanaayo allengil paathayude bhagamaayo (janasaandrathayeriya mekhalakalkkullilo purattho) upayogikkenda sandarbhangalil, driverilla trekkukal upayogikkaam. driverilla trekkukalude upayogathinu purame, nilavilulla trekkukalkkullil sthaapikkaan kazhiyunna, erekkure portable (chalikkunna saattalait naavigeshan sistangalumaayi oru paridhivare saamyamulla) driverilla samvidaanangalum undu. driverilla trekkukal (sisttam, sariyaaya instaaleshan, sisttam thaarathamyam cheiyunna saadhaarana manushya driverude anubhavam ennivaye aashrayich)...rooad suraksha mechappeduthuka (apakadangal kuravo gurutharamallaathavayo). koodaathe, driverilla trekkukalkku puthiya bisinus modalukal praapthamaakkaan kazhiyum, athu delivarikal pakal samayangalil ninnu raathriyilekko allengil gathagatham kurravulla samaya slottukalilekko maarunnu. pala sandarbhangalilum, semi driverilla samvidaanangal upayogikkunnu, athinu ippozhum oru driver hajaraakukayum prathyeka samayangalil chumathalayelkkukayum venam. ennirunnaalum, ithu ippozhum driverude thozhil aavasyangal valareyadhikam kuraykkunnu, athinaal driverude ksheenam kuraykkum.. vahana apakadangal prothsaahippikkunna oru pradhana gadakamaanu drivermaarude ksheenam.

