
1938leeii nyayamaaya thozhil maanadanda niyamam

1938 leeii fair laber staanderds act (eph. ell. ezz. eiii) oru yunaittad stetts thozhil niyamamaan, athu minimum vethanathinum aalukal aazhchayil naalpat manikkooril kooduthal jolie cheyyumbol "samayavum onnara" ovartaim shambalathinum ulla avakasham srishtikkunnu. adichamarthal balavela" yill praayapoorthiyaakaathavare niyamikkunnathum ithu nirodhikkunnu. thozhiludamaykku parirakshayil ninnu elavu avakashappedaan kazhiyaathe, antharsamsthaana vaanijyathil earppettirikkunna allengil vaanijyathilo vaanijyathinaayulla charakkukalude ulppaadanathilo earppettirikkunna oru samrambhathil jolie cheiyunna jeevanakkaarkk ithu baadhakamaan. 75-aamath kongras pasakia eee niyamam president franklin dii. oppittukondu niyamamaayi. 1938ll rooswelt.
praayogika prayogam.
thozhiludamaykku parirakshayil ninnu elavu avakashappedaan kazhiyaathe "antharsamsthaana vaanijyathilo vaanijyathinaayulla charakkukalude ulppaadanathilo earppettirikkunna jeevanakkarko vaanijyathilo vaanijyathinaayulla charakkukalude ulppaadanathilo earppettirikkunna oru samrambhathil jolie cheiyunnavarkko" fair laber staanderd act baadhakamaan. saadhaaranayaayi, oru varshathil kuranjathu 500,000 dollar bisinaso motha vilppanayo ulla oru thozhiludama eph. ell. ezz. eyude vaanijya aavasyakathakal niravettunnu, athinaal mattu elavukalonnum baadhakamallengil thozhiludamayude thozhilaallikal nyayamaaya thozhil maanadanda niyamatthinte samrakshanathinu vidheyaraanu. niyamaparamaaya minimum vethanam, ovartaim, record sookshikkal aavasyakathakal enniva niravettunnathil ninnu oru thozhiludamaye mochippikkunna niravadhi elavukal nilavilundu. ettavum valia ozhivaakkalukal professional, administrative, executive jeevanakkaarkk baadhakamaaya "vaitt collar" elavukalkku baadhakamaan, ennirunnaalum sinima thiyettar thozhilaallikal polulla jolikalkkum elavukal nilavilundu. ozhivaakkalukalude nibandhanakalkullil jeevanakkar "vyakthamayum vyakthamayum" yojikkunnuvennu oru thozhiludama theliyikkendathinaal elavukal sankeernamaayi vyaakhyaanikkappedunnu.
fair laber staanderd act "oru thozhiludama jolie cheiyunna eathoru vyakthikkum" baadhakamaan, pakshe swatantra kararukarko sannadhapravarthakarkko allah, kaaranam avare eph. ell. ezz. aykku keezhil "jeevanakkar" aayi kanakkakkunnilla. ennirunnaalum, oru thozhiludamaykku thozhilaallikale swatantra kararukar ennu vilichu nyayamaaya thozhil maanadanda niyamathil ninnu ozhivakkaan kazhiyilla, koodaathe pala thozhiludamakalum avarude thozhilaallikale niyamavirudhamaayum thettaayum swatantra kararukar ennu tharamthirichittundu. chila thozhiludamakal jeevanakkaare sannadhapravarthakaraayi thettayi mudrakuthunnu. thozhilaalli oru swatantra kararukaaranaano ennu nirnnayikkaan kodathikal thozhiludamayum thozhilaalliyum thammilulla bandhatthinte "saambathika yaadhaarthyam" parishodhikkunnu. oru thozhilaalli oresamayam onniladhikam vyakthikaloo sthaapanangalo jolie cheythittundo ennu nirnnayikkaan kodathikal samanamaaya oru parisodhana upayogikkunnu; saadhaaranayaayi "joyint employermaar" ennu vilikkunnu. udaaharanathinu, oru karshakane oru thozhil kararukaranum (recruitment, gathagatham, payrol, manikorukal track cheyyal ennivayude chumatala vahikkunna) oru karshakan (saadhaaranayaayi nirvahikkunna joliyude gunanilavaaram nireekshikkunna, thozhilaallikale evide sthaapikkanamennu nirnnayikkunna, labhyamaya joliyude alavu niyanthrikkunna, gunanilavaara niyanthrana aavasyakathakalulla, thozhilaallikale vedivaykkaano achadakkam palicano jolie nirddeshangal nalkano ulla adikaaram ulla) samyukthamaayi niyamikkunnathayi kanakkakkaam.
pala kesukalilum, thozhil cytukalkkidayilulla yaathrasamayam, shifttukalkku munbo sheshamo ulla pravartthanangal, jolisthalathe pravarthanangalkkulla thayyaareduppukal ennivaykku oru jeevanakkaaran shambalam nalkaathathupolulla ozhivaakkappedaatha jolikalkku thozhiludamakal ovartaim shariyaayi nalkunnilla. oru jeevanakkaaran adikasamayathinu arhathayundengil, ore pravrithi aazhchayil 40 manikkooril kooduthal jolie cheiyunna ellah manikorukalilum thozhiludama avarude "saadhaarana shambala nirakkinte" onnara madangu nalkanam.
mathaparamayi affiliate cheytha oru thozhiludamayude shushrushah rolil jolie cheiyunna jeevanakkaarkk eee niyamaprakaaram ovartaim labhikkaan arhathayilla.
randaam lokamahaayudhasamayathu, yuddha ulppaadanathile mikavinulla armi-nevi "iii" award niyamathinu keezhil sthaapicha nyayamaaya thozhil maanadandangal nilanirthendathundu.
elavukal.
amerikkayile fair laber staanderds act (eph. ell. ezz. eiii) minimum vethanam, ovartaim shambalam, record keeping, balavela maanadandangal enniva nischayikkunnu, ennaal chila jeevanakkaare ozhivaakkiyekkaam. executive, administrative, professional, computer jeevanakkaaran, outtdoor sails elavukal enniva ithil ulppedunnu. executiveukalkku maanejment dutykal undaayirikkanam, athesamayam administrative jeevanakkar bisinesses pravarthanangalumaayi bandhapetta maanuval allatha jolikal nirvahikkunnu. professional elavukal padicha allengil sargaathmaka professionalukalkkum computerumaayi bandhapetta rolukalkkulla computer jeevanakkaarude elavukalkkum praadhamikamaayi oof-saitt vilppanayil earppettirikkunna jeevanakkaarkk vilppanaykku purathulla elavukalkkum baadhakamaan. shambala paridhi, prathyeka chumathalakal enniva paalikkal enniva ozhivakkal maanadandangalil ulppedunnu. niyama upadeshtaavineyo yuu. esileko koodiyaalochikkuka.ezz. samagramaya maarganirdeshathinu thozhil vakupp uchithamaan.
tipping.
fair laber staanderd act prakaram, oru thozhiludama oro jeevanakkaran minimum vethanam nalkanam, jeevanakkaaran "pathiv reethiyilum pathivayum jeevanakkaaran prathimasam 30 dollaril kooduthal labhikkuna oru thozhilil earppettittillenkil". jeevanakkaarude vethanam tippukal ulppedeyulla minimum vethanathinu thulyamallengil, thozhiludama vyathyasam nikathanam. ennirunnaalum, ellah tippukalum vyakthigathamaayo oru tipp pool vazhiyo sookshikkaan jeevanakkaarane anuvadikkanam. oru tipp poolil "pathiv reethiyil tippukal labhikkuna jeevanakkar" maathrame undaakoo. "pathiv, pathiv' enna padam idaykkide ullathinekkaal valuthum ennaal sthirathayil kuravaayirikkunnathumaaya oru aavruthiye soochippikkunnu."
oru joliyude thalakkettinte namakaranam dispositive allengilum, "basboy" enna jolie oru aadhikaarika srothass tipp-pool ulppeduthunnathinu vyakthamaayi saadhookarikkunnu. "oru buzz booy upabhokthru sevanathinte avibhaajya gadakamaanu, valare nerittulla ashayavinimayam nadathaathe, ennaal upabhokthaakkalkk drishyamaakunna reethiyilaan addeham athu cheiyunnathu. ... athinaal, oru sarvees bartendere tipp poolil saadhuvaayi ulppeduthunnathinu, thante sevanangale 'pathivayi' amgeekarikkaan upabhokthaakkale prothsaahippikkunnathi mathiyaya reethiyil addeham eee kuranja paridhi paalikkanam (addehathinu nerittu tippukal labhikkanamennillenkilum).
niyamanirmmaana, bharanaparamaya charithram.
1938-leeii fair laber staanderds act.
thozhiludamakal aazhchayil muppath manikkoor jolie sweekarikkanamenna nirddeshathe athirthukondu 1932 ll senattar hugo blackaanu fair laber staanderd act aadyam thayyarakkiyathu.
1938ll black nirddeshathinte parishkaricha pathipp pasaki. frances perkins, yunaittad stetts department oof laber departmentile beuro oof laber staanderdile clara mortenson bair, kongras vanitha merii tii ennivarulppede niravadhi sradheyamaaya aalukal eee puthukkiya pathippine upakaranaparamayi pinthunachu. norttan. puthukkiya nirddesham ettu manikkoor divasavum naalpat manikkoor pravrithi aazhchayum sweekarikkukayum thozhilaallikalkk naalu manikkoor adhika ovartaim vethanam nedaan anuvadikkukayum cheythu. niyamam anusarichu, thozhilaallikalkk minimum vethanavum ovartaim vethanam saadhaarana shambalathinte onnara erattiyumaayirikkanam. pathinettil thaazheyulla kuttikalkk apakadakaramaaya chila jolikal cheyyaan kazhiyilla, pathinaar vayassinu thaazheyulla kuttikalkk nirmmaanatthilo khananathilo school samayatho jolie cheyyaan kazhiyilla. executiveukal, seasonal jeevanakkar, mattu chila grouppukal enniva ithil ulppedunnillengilum, fair laber staanderd act 700,000 thozhilaallikalkk vardhanavu nalki, 1935 leeii soshyal security aakdinu sheshamulla puthiya deale niyamanirmmaanathile ettavum pradhanappetta bhaagamaanithenn us president franklin rooswelt visheshippichu.
1947 portal-tuu-portal niyamam.
1946ll yuu. ezz. supreme kodathi aandezhsan vii. enna kesil vidhi prasthaavichu. emm. tii. clemens potteri qoo."thozhiludama niyanthrikkukayum poornnamaayum thozhiludamayude nettatthinaayi nadathukayum cheiyunna praadhamika thozhil pravartthanangal eph. ell. ezz. eiii. kku keezhil jolie samayamaayi shariyaayi ulppeduthiyittundu.
ithinu marupadiyaayi, kongras 1947leeii portal-tuu-portal niyamam pasaki, ithu supreme kodathiyude theerumaanathe churukki. nashtapariharam nalkaavunna jolie samayamaayi kanakkaakkappedunna samayam krithyamaayi vyakthamaakkunnu. pothuve, oru jeevanakkaaran thozhiludamaykku prayojanam cheiyunna pravarthanangalil earppedunnidatholam kaalam, avaa eppol nirvahichaalum, aaa samayathekku jeevanakkaaran shambalam nalkaan thozhiludamaykku baadhyathayund. jolisthalathekkum purathekkumulla yaatra oru saadhaarana thozhil sambhavamaanennum shambalamulla jolie samayamaayi kanakkakkaruthennum niyamam vyakthamaakkunnu.
nashtapariharam labhikkatha samayathekku cases phayal cheyyaan jeevanakkaarkk rund varshathe jolie nalkanamennu niyamam prasthaavichu. eee niyamathil oppuvachathinusesham, minimum vethanam manikkooril 40 sentil ninnu 65 sentaayi uyarthaan president haari truman kongrasinodu abhyarthichu.
1949 nyayamaaya thozhil maanadanda bhedagathi.
1940-kalile yudhakaala panapperuppam kaaranam 1938-leeii eph. ell. ezz. eyude poornna phalam maattivachu, ithu (naamamaathramaaya) vethanam niyamathil vyakthamakkiya nilavaarathinu mukalilekku vardhippichu. 1949 october 26nuu president truman 1949leeii nyayamaaya thozhil maanadanda bhedagathi niyamathil oppuvachu. 736,,).
ovartaim shambalam anakkukoottunnathinulla oru jeevanakkaarante "pathiv shambala nirakk" eee niyamam nirvachichu. antharsamsthaana vaanijyathinulla charakkukalude uthppaadanathinu "nerittu athyaavashyamaanengil" thozhilaallikalkk nyayamaaya thozhil maanadanda niyamatthinte paridhiyil varumennu niyamam vyakthamaakkunnu. 1950 januvari 24 muthal praabalyatthil vanna eee niyamam minimum vethanam manikkooril 40 centil ninnu 75 sentaayi uyarthi. vaanijyathilo vaanijyathinulla charakkukalude ulppaadanathilo adichamarthal balavela nirodhikkukayum cheythu. prathyeka thozhilaalli vibhaagangalkk chila puthiya elavukalum eee niyamathil ulppeduthiyittundu.
1955leeii bhedagathi.
minimum vethana niyamangalude paridhiyil varunna jeevanakkaarude ennam vardhippikkunnathinum minimum vethanam manikkooril 90 sentaayi uyarthunnathinumaayi eph. ell. ezz. eiii bhedagathi cheyyanamennu 1955 ll president isenhover kongrasinodu abhyarthichu. akkaalat chillaravyapara thozhilaallikalum sevana thozhilaallikalum minimum vethana niyamangalude paridhiyil vannilla.
kongras eph. ell. ezz. eiii. yile oru bhedagathi pasakkukayum 1955 august 12nuu president isenhover athil oppidukayum cheythu. 1956 march 1 muthal praabalyatthil vanna eee bhedagathi minimum vethanam manikkooril 75 dollaril ninnu manikkooril 1 dollarayi uyarthi. kongrasile chila amgangal, chillara vyapaarikal, sevana thozhilaallikal, kaarshika thozhilaallikal, nirmmaana thozhilaallikal ennivarude sammarddam undaayirunnittum minimum vethanamenkilum nalkendathilla.
1961leeii bhedagathi.
1961leeii bhedagathi enterprise kavarej enna peril oru tharam kavarej nirnnayikkunnathinulla mattoru reethi chertthu. bisinesses antharsamsthaana vaanijyathil earppedumbol maathrame enterprise kavarej baadhakamaakoo, athinte motham vaarshika bisinesses alavu kuranjathu 500,000 dollaranengil. "enterprises"-ll jolie cheiyunna ellah jeevanakkarkkum "enterprises"-nte vyakthigatha sthaapanangalkku prathivarsham 500,000 dollaril kooduthal varumaanamundengil eph. ell. ezz. eiii pariraksha labikkum. 1938leeii yadhaartha niyamaprakaaram antharsamsthaana vaanijya maarggangalil pravartthikkunna oru thozhilaalliye oru vyakthiyenna nilayil ulppeduthunnu. "antharsamsthaana vaanijyam" ennathu valare vishaalamaayi vyaakhyaanikkappedunnathil oordar cheyyuka, loducheyyuka, allengil samsthaanathinu purathuninnulla saadhanangal upayogikkuka, samsthaanathinu purathulla baankukal nalkunna credit kaardukalude adisthaanathil upabhokthaakkalil ninnu paymentukal sweekarikkuka thudangiya mikka jolikalum ulppedunnu.
schoolukal, aashupathrikal, nazhsing homukal allengil mattu residential cair soukaryangal ennivaykku kavarej yaanthrikamaanennum 1961 leeii bhedagathi vyakthamaakkunnu. valuppam enthuthanneyaayaalum sarkkaarinte eathu thalatthilulla ellah sarkkar sthaapanangalkkum kavarej yaanthrikamaanu. pallikal, jeevakaarunya sthaapanangal thudangiya bisinasinaayi samghadippikkaatha chila sthaapanangalkku eee pariraksha baadhakamalla. minimum vethanam veendum manikkooril 1.25 dollarayi uyarthi. vethanamaayi kanakkakkavunna vethanam prathyekamaayi nirvachikkukayum thirike vethanathinu vendi cases phayal cheyyaanulla avakasham nalkukayum cheythu.
1963leeii thulyavethana niyamam.
1963leeii thulyavethana niyamam eph. ell. ezz. eiii bhedagathi cheiyunnathinum chila thozhilaallikalkk avarude lingathinte adisthaanathil mattullavare apekshichu kuranja vethanam nalkunnathu niyamavirudhamaakkunnathinum niyamavidheyamaakki. thulya jolikkulla thulyavethanam" enna padaprayogathodeyaanu ithu palappozhum samgrahikkappedunnathu. thozhiludama oru seeniority sisttam, merrit sisttam, ulppaadanathinte alavu allengil gunanilavaaram allengil lingabhedathinu purathulla mattu gadakangal enniva upayogichu varumanam alakkunna oru samvidaanam enniva anusarichu vethanam nischayikkumbol maathrame thulya shambala niyamam thulya joliykk asamamaya vethanam anuvadikkoo. epaude aadya ombathu varshangalil, thulya jolikkulla thulyavethanathinte aavasyakatha executive, administrative allengil professional seshiyil jolie cheiyunna vyakthikalkko allengil oru baahya vilppanakkaaranaayo vyapichirunnilla. athinaal, thulya jolikkulla thulyavethanathinte samrakshanathil ninnu vaitt collar sthreekale epa ozhivaakki. 1972ll kongras 1972leeii vidyaabhyaasa bhedagathikal pasaki, ithu eph. ell. ezz. eyude professional varkkezhs elavil ninnu epa ozhivaakkikkond eee jeevanakkaarkk epaude kavarej vipuleekarikkunnathinaayi eph. ell. ezz. eiii bhedagathi cheythu.
1966leeii bhedagathi.
1966leeii bhedagathi chila karshaka thozhilaallikalkk paridhi vipuleekarikkukayum minimum vethanam ghattamghattamaayi manikkooril 1.6 dollarayi uyarthukayum cheythu. 1966leeii fair laber staanderd act bhedagathiyum aadyamaayi federal jeevanakkaarkk pariraksha nalki.
niravadhi saambathika mekhalakalil minimum vethanam uyarthiya 1966 leeii vipuleekaranathinte phalangalekkurichulla 2021 leeii oru padanatthil, minimum vethana vardhanavu thozhiline prathikoolamaayi baadhikkathe varumaanathil kuthane vardhanavinu kaaranamaayathaayi kandethi. vamseeya vethana vidavum niyamanirmmanam ganyamaayi kurachu.
1967leeii thozhil niyamathile praaya vivechanam.
1967leeii thozhil niyamathile praaya vivechanam (adia) naalppat vayaso athil kooduthalo praayamulla vyakthikalkkethiraya thozhil vivechanam nirodhichu. prayamaaya chila thozhilaallikalkk avarude praayatthinte adisthaanathil aarogya aanukoolyangal nishedhikkukayum adia kadannupokunnathinu munbu pariseelana avasarangal nishedhikkukayum cheythu. irupathiladhikam thozhilaallikale niyamikkunna bisinasukalkku maathrame eee niyamam baadhakamaakoo.
1974 nyayamaaya thozhil maanadanda bhedagathikal.
1974leeii bhedagathi munbu parirakshikkappedaatha mattu samsthaana, praadeshika sarkkar jeevanakkaare ulppeduthunnathinaayi kavarej vipuleekarichu. gaarhika thozhilaallikalum parirakshikkappedukayum minimum vethanam ghattam ghattamayi manikkooril 2.30 dollarayi uyarthukayum cheythu.
1977 nyayamaaya thozhil maanadanda bhedagathikal.
1977leeii bhedagathi prakaram 1981ll minimum vethanam manikkooril 3.35 dollarayi uyarthi. tipp cheytha jeevanakkarum tipp kredittum ulppeduthiyaanu mattangal varuthiyathu. chila hotel, motel, restorant jeevanakkaarkk bhagika ovartaim elavu ghattam ghattamayi raddaki.
1983 leeii kudiyetta, seasonal kaarshika thozhilaalli samrakshana niyamam.
1983ll nadappaakkiya kudiyetta, seasonal kaarshika thozhilaalli samrakshana niyamam (emm. ezz. pii. eiii), kudiyetta, seasonal kaarshika thozhilaallikalkk shambalam, thozhil saahacharyangal, joliyumaayi bandhapetta vyavasthakal ennivayumaayi bandhapetta samrakshanam nalkunnathinum kaarshika thozhilaalli kararukar us thozhil vakuppil rajisttar cheiyunnathinum kaarshika thozhilaallikal, kaarshika associationukal, kaarshika thozhiludamakal ennivarkku aavashyamaaya samrakshanam urappakkunnathinum roopakalppana cheythittundu.
1985 nyayamaaya thozhil maanadanda bhedagathikal.
oru bhedagathi samsthaana, praadeshika sarkkar thozhiludamakku avarude jeevanakkaarude ovartaim manikorukal ovartaim shambalathinu pakaramaayi joliyil ninnu shambalathodeyulla samayam kondu nikathaan anuvadichu. oro manikkoor jolic onnara manikkoor enna nirakkil shambalathodeyulla avadhi nalkanam, ithinaayi fair laber staanderd act prakaram ovartaim nashtapariharam aavasyamaanu. mattu thozhiludamakal ovartaim shambalathinu pakaramaayi jeevanakkaarkk shambalathodeyulla avadhi nalkiyekkilla.
agniraksha, niyamapalanam, jayil suraksha jeevanakkar ennivar nadathunna prathyeka vishadaamshangalkkaayi adikasamayam nalkunnathil ninnu samsthaana, praadeshika sarkkaarukale bhedagathi ozhivaakki. idaykkide jeevanakkaarante pathiv muzhuvan samaya joliyil ninnu ganyamaayi vyathyasthamaaya reethiyil jolie cheiyunna jeevanakkaarkk adikasamayam nalkunnathil ninnu bhedagathi samsthaana, praadeshika sarkkaarukale ozhivaakki.
oru samsthaanathino praadeshika sarkkar ejansikko vendi sevanangal cheyyaan sannadhatha prakadippikkunna vyakthikalkk nashtaparihaaramo naamamaathramaaya nashtaparihaaramo labhikkunnillenkil avarkk nyayamaaya thozhil maanadanda niyamatthinte paridhiyil varillennu bhedagathi prasthaavichu.
niyamanirmmaana library jeevanakkar ozhikeyulla samsthaana, praadeshika niyamanirmmaana jeevanakkar nyayamaaya thozhil maanadanda niyamatthinte paridhiyil varunnillennu bhedagathi prasthaavichu.
1986leeii bhedagathi.
1986-ll, praayam, shaareerikamo maanasikamo aaya kuravu, parikk ennivayaal varumaanamo ulppaadana seshiyo thakararilaaya vyakthikalkk minimum vethanathil thaazhe nalkaan oru thozhiludamaye anuvadikkunnathinu prathyeka certificattukal nalkaan yunaittad stetts laber secretory anuvadikkunnathinaayi fair laber staanderd act bhedagathi cheythu. eee jeevanakkaarkk ippozhum vyakthiyude uthppaadanakshamathayumaayi bandhappettathum samaanamaayi thaamasikkunnavarum thozhil cheiyunnavarumaaya bhinnasheshikkaarkk nalkunna vethanathinu anusrithamaayathumaaya vethanam nalkanam. ennirunnaalum, 2015ll nyoo hamshareilum 2016ll merilaandilum 2018ll alaskayilum minimum vethanathil thaazheyulla bhinnasheshikkaarkk shambalam nalkunnathu nirodhichu.
vakupp 14 (sii).
fair laber staanderd aaktinte sekshan 14 (sii) prakaram thozhil vakuppile vethana, manikkoor division (dablyu. echu. dii) ennivayude amgeekaarathode chila thozhiludamakku bhinnasheshikkaraaya jeevanakkaarkk minimum vethanathil thaazhe shambalam nalkaan kazhiyum. minimum vethanam apekshikkunnathinu, thozhilaalliyude vaikalyam avarude nischitha sthaanathe uthppaadanakshamathaye nerittu baadhikkanam. vaikalyamulla oru jeevanakkaarante jolie vaikalyamillaatha jeevanakkarkkulla staanderd settinekkaal kuranja uthppaadanakshamathayullathaane thozhiludama kaanikkanam. doubleuechdy amgeekarichaal, vaikalyamulla thozhilaalliyude shambala nirakk vaikalyamillaatha thozhilaalikalumaayi thaarathamyappeduthumbol avarude uthppaadanakshamathayumaayi bandhappettirikkum. oro aaram maasathilum, sekshan 14 (sii) prakaram saakshyappeduthiya thozhiludamakal avarude manikkoor jeevanakkaarude prathyeka minimum vethanam avalokanam cheyyanam. oro varshavum, sekshan 14 (sii) prakaram thozhiludamakal prathyeka minimum vethanam labhikkuna shambala thozhilaallikalude nirakkum bhinnasheshikkaarallaatha jeevanakkaarude nirakkumayi thaarathamyappeduthunnathi krameekarikkanam. thozhiludamakalude minimum kuranja vethana avalokanathinte eee aavasyakathakal 1986 leeii bhedagathiyiloode sekshan 14 (sii) ll chertthu. bhinnasheshikkaarkk uyarnna thozhil saadhyamaakkuka ennathaanu eee vibhaagathinte uddeshyam. bhinnasheshikkaarude thozhil avasarangal kurayumennaayirunnu minimum vethanam nadappaakkunnathinekkur aashanka, athinaal sekshan 14 (sii) avasaranashtam nikathaan maathram upayogikkanam.
sekshan 14 (sii) thozhilaallikalil bhooribhaagavum thozhil kendrangaliloodeyaanu jolie cheiyunnathu, ennaal eee vyakthikal bisinasukal, schoolukal, aashupathrikal ennivayiloodeyum pravartthikkunnu. 2001 leeii kanakkanusarichu, bhinnasheshikkaraaya 424,000 jeevanakkaarkk sekshan 14 (sii) prakaram 5,600 thozhiludamakaliloode minimum vethanam labhikkunnu. vaikalyamulla 50 sathamaanathiladhikam thozhilaallikalkk vaikalyam moolamundaakunna uthppaadanakshamatha kuranjathinaal avarude thozhiludamakal manikkooril 2.5 dollaro athil kuravo nalki. echu polulla sekshan 14 (sii) certificationukal raddaakkukayum oduvil ghattamghattamaayi illaathaakkukayum cheiyunna niravadhi nirddishta billukalundu.aarr. 873 allengil echu.aarr. 2019 joolaiyil prathinidhi sabha pasakia 582 (vethana niyamam uyarthuka) pasakkiyilla. eee paripadi radhaakkaan iru rashtreeya paarttikalum pinthuna prakhyaapichittundu.
1986 department oof defense ootharaiseshan act.
1986 leeii department oof defense ootharaiseshan act ellah federal karaarukalilum ettu manikkoor prathidina ovartaim aavasyakathakal raddaki.
1989 nyayamaaya thozhil maanadanda bhedagathikal.
1989ll senattar edward emm. minimum vethanam manikkooril 3.35 dollaril ninnu 4.55 dollarayi uyarthunnathinulla bill kenneddy avatharippichu. thozhil sekrattari elisabath doll minimum vethanam manikkooril 4.25 dollarayi uyarthunnathine pinthunachu, koodaathe oru thozhiludamayude aadyathe thonnooru divasathe thozhilavasarathil puthiya jeevanakkaarkk minimum vethanam manikkooril 3.35 dollar anuvadichu. sekrattari doll paranju, president jorjju echu. dablyu. minimum vethanam manikkooril 4.25 dollaril kooduthalaakkunna eathu billum bush veetto cheyyum.
248-neey 171-nethire vottu cheythukondu, rund varshathe kaalayalavil ghattamghattamaayi minimum vethanam manikkooril 4.55 dollarayi uyarthunnathinulla billinu prathinidhi sabha amgeekaaram nalki. munkaala thozhilillaathe puthuthayi niyamikkappedunna oru jeevanakkaarante joliyude aadya arupath divasangalil minimum vethanathinte 85 shathamaanamenkilum puthiya jeevanakkaarkk nalkaanum bill anuvadichu. cherukida bisinasukalkkulla minimum vethana niyamathil ninnulla elavu 362,500 dollaril ninnu 500,000 dollarayi bill uyarthi. 61-neey 39-nethire vottu cheytha senatt minimum vethanam manikkooril 4.55 dollarayi uyarthunnathinulla billinu amgeekaaram nalki. vardhanavu "amita" mennu visheshippichukondu president bush billine veetto cheythu. 37 vottukal kuravaayirikke, veetto marikadakkaan house oof representatives parajayappettu, 247-178 vottucheythu.
1990 epril muthal minimum vethanam manikkooril 3.8 dollarayum 1991 epril 1 vare manikkooril 4.25 dollarayum uyarthunnathinulla oru puthukkiya billinu 382-neey 37-nethire vottu cheythukondu prathinidhi sabha amgeekaaram nalki. irupathu vayassinu thaazheyulla jeevanakkaarkk kuranja minimum vethanam anuvadikkunna billaanith. chillara, chillara ithara bisinasukalkkulla vyathyastha minimum vethanam bill ozhivaakki. aduthayaazhcha, senatt 89-nethire 8 vottukalkku bill amgeekarichu. senattarmaar oorin hatch, steevu sims, phil gram enniva kudiyetta allengil seasonal thozhilaallikale upayogikkunna cherukida bisinasukalkkum karshakarkum minimum vethana elavu pasakkunnathil parajayappettu. randaazhchaykku sesham president bush billil oppuvachu.
1996 cherukida bisinesses thozhil samrakshana niyamam.
1996leeii bhedagathi prakaram minimum vethanam manikkooril 5.15 dollarayi uyarthi. ennirunnaalum, minimum vethana vardhanavu nalkia 1996 leeii cherukida bisinesses thozhil samrakshana niyamam (pii. ell. aii. dii. 1>), bhaaviyile minimum vethana vardhanavil ninnu jeevanakkaare ozhivaakkukayum cheythu.
2004 leeii niyama maattam.
2004 august 23 nuu, eph. ell. ezz. eyude minimum vethanathil ninnum ovartaim aavasyakathakalil ninnumulla elavukalile vivaadaparamaaya mattangal praabalyatthil vannu, ithu oru "ozhivakkappetta" jeevanakkaarante nirvachanathil ganyamaaya mattangal varuthi. american vyavasaayangaliludaneelamulla thaazhnna thalatthilulla jolie cheiyunna supervisormaare "executiveukal" ennu punarvargeekarikkukayum ovartaim avakashangal nashtappedukayum cheythu. niyamangalil vyakthatha aavasyamaanennum kurachu thozhilaallikale maathrame baadhikkukayulloovennum avakashappetta bisinesses thalpparyangal eee mattangal aavasyappettirunnu. bush bharanakoodam puthiya niyanthranangale "fairpay" ennu vilichu. ennirunnaalum, eee mattangal dasalakshakkanakkinu adhika thozhilaallikale ovartaim shambalathinaayi eph. ell. ezz. eiii. prakaram aashvaasam nedaan yogyaraakkillenn affle-sioo polulla mattu samghadanakal avakashappettu. puthiya niyanthranangal asaadhuvaakkaanulla kongrassinte sramangal parajayappettu.
neremarichu, munbu ozhivakkappettathaayi tharamthirichirunna chila thaazhnna thalatthilulla jeevanakkaare (prathyekichu administrative-support staaf) ippol ozhivaakkappedaathavaraayi punarvarggeekarichu. atharam jeevanakkar munbu ozhivakkal padavi nirnnayikkaan upayogichirunna thalakkettukalulla sthaanangalilaanu jolie cheiyunnathenkilum ("executive asisttant" polullava), 2004 leeii eph. ell. ezz. eyude bhedagathiyil ippol oru elavu yadhaartha thozhil pravartthanatthe adisthaanamaakkiyukallathaayi, allathe joliyude thalakkettalla. munbu elavu anuvadichathum ennaal thozhil vivaranagalil maanejmental pravartthanangal ulppedaathathumaaya thozhil sheershakangalulla jeevanakkaare ippol ozhivakkalil ninnu ozhivaakkiyittillaathvir punarvarggeekarichu.
2007leeii nyayamaaya minimum vethana niyamam.
2007 meyy 25 nuu president bush oru anubandha viniyoga billil (echu.aarr. 2206), 2007leeii nyayamaaya minimum vethana niyamam ulkkollunnu. eee vyavastha federal minimum vethanam vardhippikkunnathinaayi oru vardhichuvarunna padhathiyiloode eph. ell. ezz. eiii bhedagathi cheythu, 2009 juulai 24 nakam manikkooril 7.25 dollar minimum vethanathil kalaashichu. koodaathe, american samova, puerto rico ennivayulppedeyulla american pradeshangal vardhichuvarunna vardhanavukalude oru parambarayil pradhana bhoopradesha minimum vethanam sweekarikkendathaayirunnu.
2010-leeii rogi samrakshanavum thaangavunna vilayilulla paricharana niyamavum.
rogi samrakshana, thaangavunna vilayilulla paricharana niyamathile 4207-aamm vakupp (echu.aarr. 3590) "mulayoottunna ammamaarkk edavela samayam" enna vyavastha cherkkunnathinaayi sekshan 7 bhedagathi cheiyunnu. nazhsing ammamaarkk paal prakadippikkaan thozhiludamakal edavela samayam nalkanamennum "kulimuri ozhikeyulla kaazhchayil ninnu samrakshikkappedukayum sahapravarthakarudeyum pothujanangaludeyum nuzhanjukayattathil ninnu mukthamaaya oru sthalam" jeevanakkaarkk paal prakadippikkaan labhyamakkanamennum ithu vyakthamaakkunnu.
2019 leeii niyamathil maattam.
2019 septambar 27 nuu, oru jeevanakkaaran eph. ell. ezz. eiii-ozhivakkappetta executive jeevanakkaaran, administrative jeevanakkaaran, professional jeevanakkaaran ennee nilakalil yogyatha nedunnathinaayi shambala nilavaaram allengil thuka parisodhana aazhchayil 684 dollar (prathivarsham 35,568 dollarinu thulyamaanu) ennu nischayikkunna oru niyamam thozhil vakupp puratthirakki. uyarnna nashtapariharam labhikkuna jeevanakkaaranenna nilayil yogyatha nedunnathinaayi, motham vaarshika nashtaparihara parisodhana 107,432 dollarayi nischayichu. thozhil vakupp motham vaarshika nashtapariharam nirnnayichappol, athu amerikkayile muzhuvan samaya shambalamulla jeevanakkaarude prathivaara varumaanathinte enpathaam shathamaanathe adisthaanamaakkiyullathaanu.
nirddeshicha bhedagathikal.
2009/2013 paid avadhikkala niyamam.
2009 meyy 21nuu prathinidhi alan grayson avatharippicha 2009leeii paid avadhikkala niyamam, nooro athiladhikamo jeevanakkarulla ellah thozhiludamakalum arharaaya ellah udyogastharkkum shambalathodeyulla avadikkaalam nalkanamennu nirddeshichu. eee sambaadicha kaalayalav thudakkathil ezhu pravrithi divasangalaayi nirvachikkappedukayum bill pasaki moonnu varshathinu sesham pathinaalu pravrithi divasangalaayi vardhippikkukayum cheythu. koodaathe, 50 allengil athil kooduthal jeevanakkarulla thozhiludamakal oru pravrithi aazhcha shambalathodeyulla avadikkaalam nalkendathundu. panthrand maasathinullil eee avadikkaalam upayogikkendathaayirunnu. eee vyavasthakalkku purame, thozhil sekrattariyude melnottatthil oru pothu avabodha prachaaranatthinu bill amgeekaaram nalkukayum jolisthalathe shambalathodeyulla avadhikkala samayathinte falathekkurichu oru patanam nadathukayum cheythu. 2009 meyy 21nuu bill vidyaabhyaasa, thozhil sabhaasamithiyilekku ruffer cheyyukayum rund maasathinu sesham thozhil samrakshana upasamithiyilekku ruffer cheyyukayum cheythu. reporto shupaarshayo nalkaathe bill upasamithiyil thudarnnu. nirddesha samayat, echu.aarr. 2563nuu rund yadhaartha kosponsarmaarundaayirunnu; 2009 joolaiyil rund adhika kosponsarmaar kootticherkkappettu.
2013ll, representative grayson paid vekkeshan act echu aayi veendum avatharippichu.aarr. 2096. 2009leeii nirddeshathinte kandethal vibhaagam ozhivaakkiyathinu purame, echu.aarr. 2096 eathaandu echu-nuu samanamaayirunnu.aarr. 2563. billinte yadhaartha sponsor representative grayson mathramaayirunnu, athu udan thanne vidyaabhyaasa, thozhil samithikk kaimari. yadhaartha nirddesham pole, 2013 joolaiyil thozhil samrakshanathekkurichulla sabhayude upasamithiyilekku bill ruffer cheythu. samitio upasamithiyo reportukal purappeduvichittil. rund billukalum thozhil nashtappedunnathino aanukoolyangal nashtappedunnathino ulla aashankakal choondikkaatti ethirppu prakadippichu. 
2014 leeii minimum vethana nyaayeekarana niyamam.
2014 eprilil yunaittad stetts senatt minimum veju fairness act (kall) charcha cheythu. 1737; 113-aamath kongras). rund varsha kaalayalavil jeevanakkaarude federal minimum vethanam manikkooril $10.10 aayi uyarthunnathinaayi 1938 leeii fair laber staanderd act (eph. ell. ezz. eiii) bhedagathi cheiyumaayirunnu. president barak obaamayum niravadhi janaadhipathya senattarmaarum billine shakthamayi pinthunachuvenkilum senattilum housilum republicanmaar athine shakthamayi ethirthu.
2015 aarogyakaramaya kudumba niyamam.
2015 januvariyil, aarogyakaramaya kudumba niyamam passacan president barak obaama kongrasinodu aavasyappettu, athin keezhil thozhiludamakku oro 30 manikkoorilum jeevanakkaarkk oru manikkoor shambalathodeyulla asukha avadhi nalkaan anuvaadamundu. jeevanakkaarkk ovartaim nalkunnathinupakaram prathivarsham ezhu divasam allengil 56 manikkoor shambalamulla asukha avadhi vare ithu baadhakamaan. nyayamaaya thozhil maanadanda niyamathil nirvachichirikkunnathupo, 15 allengil athil kooduthal jeevanakkarulla thozhiludamakku bill baadhakamaakumaayirunnu.
2015ll nirddeshicha niyama nirmmaanam.
2015 juulai 6 nuu thozhil vakupp nirddishta niyamangal nirmmikkunnathinte oru ariyipp prasidheekarichu.
2014ll president barak obaama oppitta oru presidential memmoraandatthe adisthaanamaakki, eathu vaitt collar thozhilaallikale eph. ell. ezz. eyude minimum vethanavum ovartaim maanadandangalum samrakshikkunnuvennu nirvachikkunna niyanthranangal update cheyyaan thozhil vakuppinu nirddesham nalki. 2016 meyy 18 nuu niyamatthinte anthima pathipp prasidheekarichu, athil aazhchayil 913 dollaril thaazhe shambalam labhikkuna jeevanakkaarkk 2016 desember 1 muthal praabalyatthil varunna ovartaim shambalam nalkukayum 2020 januvari 1 muthal oro moonnu varshathilum paridhi yaanthrikamaayi krameekarikkukayum venam.
2016 november 23 nuu, oru yunaittad stetts jilla jadji, niyamam purappeduvikkaan thozhil vakuppinu adhikaaramundo ennu nirnnayikkaan samayamundennathinaal raajyavyaapakamaayi niyamam nadappaakkunnathu thaalkkaalikamaayi nirtthikkondu oru utharavu purappeduvichu. 2017 januvariyil trump bharanakoodam adhikaaramettappol avar kodathiyil niyamathe prathirodhikkaruthenn theerumaanikkukayum athu paridhi valare uyarnnathinaal niyamam asaadhuvaayathaayum athu dutykal aprasakthamakkunnathaayum niyamam nalkunna yaanthrika krameekaranangal niyamavirudhamaanennum august 31 nuu oru sangraha vidhiyilekku nayikkukayum cheythu.
2016leeii vethana moshana prathirodha, vethana veendedukkal niyamam.
2016 septambaril, yunaittad stetts housileyum senattileyum janaadhipathya amgangal vethana moshanam thadayal, vethana veendedukkal niyamam avatharippichu. ithu eph. ell. ezz. eiii. suitukalkku keezhilulla thozhiludamayude badhyatha minimum vethanathekkaal thozhiludama vaagdaanam cheytha thukayayi vardhippikkumaayirunnu, kodathiyil ninnu vethana moshanathinte avakaashavaadam thadayunnathil ninnu tharkkathinu munbulla vyavahara karaarukale nirodhikkukayum, vethanam moshticha thozhilaallikalude vyakthigatha sammathamillaathe eph. ell. ezz. eiii klaas aakshan syoottukal konduvaraan saadhyamaakkukayum, lamghanangalkku yaanthrika saambathika shikshakal srishtikkukayum, lamghakare prosecutionaayi neethinyaaya vakuppilekku ruffer cheyyaanulla thozhil vakuppinu vivechanaadhikaaramulla kazhivu srishtikkukayum cheiyumaayirunnu. sabhayilo senattiloo kammittiyil ninnu bill purathaayilla.

