
alfred hudd

englandile bristtolile klifttan swadeshiyaaya oru vyakthiyaayirunnu alfred edmund hudd (1846-7 october 1920). oru cheruppakkaaran enna nilayil oru akkoundant enna nilayil, oru prakrithishaasthranjan, puraavastu gaveshakan ennee nilakalil thante thalpparyangal pinthudaraan addehathinu kazhinjirunnu. palappozhum neethrthwapadavikal etteduthu niravadhi sosaittikalil amgamaayirunnu addeham. bristtol distrikttinte lepidopterayude kaattalog", "klifttan anticarian klabbinte nadapadikal" ennivayude edittar, kervent exploration fund ettedutha khananangalude supervisor, "richard americayudeyum america enna perinteyum rachayithaav ennee nilakalil addeham ettavum kooduthal ariyappedunnu."
pashchaathalam.
thukal vyaapaari saamuval hadinteyum bhaarya merii aanteyum makanaaya alfred edmund hudd 1846-nte randaam paadatthil klifttanil janichu. oru akkoundantaayirunna addeham 1872-nte aadya paadatthil catherine booals edmundsine vivaham kazhichu, avarude vivaham berkshareile faaringdon enna rajistreshan jillayil rekhappeduthiyittundu. 1881ll alfred bharya klifttanile pembrock roadile klintan housilaanu thaamasichirunnathu.
prakrithishaasthranjan.
1870 aayappozhekkum 1862 ll sthaapithamaaya bristtol prakrithishaasthranjarude sosaittiyile amgamaayirunnu hudd. 1875 meyy 6 nuu sosaittiyude kaunsililekku aadyamaayi niyamikkappedukayum 1892 vare varshangalolam kaunsil amgamaayi thudarukayum cheythu. niravadhi varshangalolam kaunsil amgamenna nilayil edavelaykku sesham, hudd 1899 ll kaunsililekku veendum niyamikkapettu, avide addeham kuranjathu 1901 vare thudarnnu. addeham entomologyil vaidagdhyam nedi. addehathinte "bristtol jillayile lepidopterayude kaattalog" "bristtol prakrithishaasthranjarude samoohathinte nadapadikramangalil" aarr bhagangalaayi prasidheekarichu
1833ll sthaapithamaaya landanile entomological sosaittiyile oru fello koodiyaayirunnu hudd, ippol royal entomological sosaitti oof landanennu ariyappedunnu. 1912-ll addeham thante 1300 koliyopttere (vandukal) saambilukalude shekharam steefan bartoninu (dii. 1898) shekharam. addehathinte lepidoptere (chithrashalabhangalum nishaashalabhangalum) saambilukalude shekharam jorjju sii. yill chertthu. bristtol myoosiyathile griffiths (1852-1924) shekharam. bristtol jillayile praanikal" ennathinekkurichulla oru cheria adhyayavum "bristtol, ayalpakkangal" ennivayilekkulla kaippustakam "ennathilekku hood sambhavana cheythu.
puraathanakaalatthe.
1884 januvari 23nuu bristtol myusiyathilum libraryilum nadanna klifttan anticarian klabbinte aadya yogathil hudd sekrattariyaayi thiranjedukkappettu. yadhaartha samoohathinte irupathiyettu varshangalilum addeham aaa sthaanam nilanirtthi. klabbinte sthaapaka amgam mathramalla, klifttan anticarian clubble 1884 ll aarambichathu muthal 1912 ll avasanikkunnathuvare athil thudarnna eaka amgamenna padavi alfred edmund hadinu undaayirunnu. sosaittiyude ezhu vaalyangalude "proseedingukalude" edittaraayi sevanamanushtikkukayum 21 prabandhangal sambhavana cheyyukayum cheythu. 1898 januvari 5nuu club addehathinu oru velli pathravum naalu velli mezhukuthirikalum sammaanichappol samghadanaykkulla addehathinte sevanam amgeekarikkappettu. 1911-ll klabbile amgathvam veendum addehathinte shramangalkk adaranjali arppichu, oru alekhanam cheytha muthachante clock.
alfred hudd bristtol aandu gloucestershire archaeological sosaittiyile amgamaayirunnu, athinte kaunsilil sevanamanushtichu. 1904 august 9 nuu kaundi galwayile thuvaamil nadanna aaa samghadanayude yogathil addeham irelandile puraavasthugaveshanangalude royal sosaittiyile amgamaayi thiranjedukkappettu. koodaathe, sosaitti oof antiquieries oof landante fello koodiyaayirunnu addeham.
curvent exploration fund.
alfred hudd kervent paryavekshana fandumaayi adutha bandhamundaayirunnu. 1899 februvariyil sosaitti oof anticareers oof landante oru yogathil klifttan anticarian klabbinte sthaapaka amgavum sosaitti oof anticareers oof landante felloyumaaya alfred tries martin, southu veyilsile oru roman pattanamaya kerventinte chittayaya khananam ettedukkanamennu nirddeshichu. taamasiyaathe klifttan anticarian klabbaanu kervent exploration fund sthaapichathu. 1899 septambaril, kerventil, godfrey morgan, loard treadegger, kervent exploration fundinte presidentaayi thiranjedukkappedukayum alfred hudd treasurer thiranjedukkappedukayum cheythu. fundinte executive kammitti amgangalaaya hudd, thomas ashbi juuniyar ennivar kerventil nadanna khananathinu melnottam vahichu. 1899num 1913num edayilulla kaalayalavil southu veyilsile roman pattanatthinte moonnil rund bhaagavum velippeduthi. khananam nadathumbol kandethiya kerventinte archive newport myoosiyathinte puraavastu shekharathilaanu. lunden sosaitti oof antiquieries jenalaaya "archaeologia" yill kerventile khananathekkurichulla reportukal prasidheekarichu. kervent exploration fundinte vijayathinte bhooribhaagavum alfred hudd aanu.
amerikkayude peru.
amerikkayude naamakaranatthinte parambaraagatha sidhaantham itaaliyan naavigettaraaya amerigo vespuchiyude bahumaanaarthamaanu ithinu eee peru nalkiyirikkunnath ennathaanu. pathinaram noottaandinte thudakkathil, vespuchi indian raajyangalilekkulla oru paashchaathya paatha thedi niravadhi yathrakal (avayude ennam pariharikkappedaathe thudarunnu) nadatthi. aii. dii. 1-nte yaathraykk sesham, taanum christopher columbus vevvere paryavekshanam cheytha pradeshangal eshyayude bhagamallennum marichu oru puthiya lokamaanennum addeham nirddeshichu. 1507-ll cartographer martin waldsemular prasidheekaricha "cosmography aamukha" thilaanu americaykku aadyamaayi athinte peru labhichathu. fraansile loreynile seyint-deyile oru koottam pandithanmaar rachicha vespoochiyude prasidheekaricha kathukalaanu (athinte aadhikaarikathaye chodyam cheiyunnu) aaa kruthiyude prachodanamaayirunnu. avar tolamiyude "bhoomishaasthram" parishkarikkukayum puthiya lokathe ulppeduthukayum munbu ariyappettirunna moonnu bhookhandangalaaya europe, eshya, aphrica ennivaykku sthreenaamangal ullathinaal puthiya lokathinum angane thanne venamennu nyaayeekarikkukayum cheythu. athanusarichu, puthiya lokathinte "kandupiduthakkaranaaya" vespuchiyude snapana naamatthinte laattin roopathinte sthreevalkkarikkappetta pathipp upayogichu. pusthakatthinte anubandhathil waldsemularude lokathinte bhoopadam ulppedunnu, athil puthiya lokathe "america" ennu label cheythu."1901ll oru jarmman kottayil veendum kandethiya bhoopadam america enna peru aadyamaayi upayogichathum padinjaaran ardhagolathe aadyamaayi chithreekarichathum aayirunnu. library oof kongras 2003ll 1507 waldsemular bhoopadam vaangi. 2007 epril 30nuu jarmman chansalar anchala mercal amerikkayude "janana certificat" ennum ariyappedunna bhoopadam library oof kongrasil nadanna oru chadangil american janathaykku kaimari.
amerikkayude naamakaranathekkurichu niravadhi ithara sidhaanthangalundu. 1908 meyy 21 nuu klifttan anticarian klabbinte yogathil vaayicha oru prabandhatthil alfred hudd thante sidhaantham nirddeshichu, athu klabbinte "nadapadikramangalude" vaalyam 7 ll prathyakshappettu. richard america aandu dhii neyim america" enna pusthakatthil englandinu vendi kappal yaatra cheytha itaaliyan vamshajanaaya joonn cabot 1497ll vadakke america kandethiyathinekkurich hudd charcha cheythu. aadya (1497), randaamathe (1498-1499) yaathrakalkk sesham englandilekku madangiyethiya cabotinu henry VII rajaavil ninnu rund pension paymentukal labhichu. cabotinu panam kaimaariyathinte utharavaadithamulla bristtol thuramukhathe rund kasttams udyogastharil, kooduthal muthirnnavan richard amerikkakkaayirunnu (1503-ll bristtolinte hye sherief). thaan kandethiya bhoomikk cabot amerikkayude peru nalkiyathaayum rajaavu nalkia pension addehathil ninnu labhichuvennum hadhu abhiprayappettu. udyogasthanodulla nandiprakadanam apratheekshithamaakaathavidham suhruthukkalkku sammanangal nalki swathanthranaayirikkunnathil cabotinu prashasthi undennu addeham paranju. koodaathe, pathinanjaam noottaandinte avasaanathil (bristtol sambhavangalude kalandar) hudd udharichu, athinte yadhaartha bhagam 1860 leeii bristtol theepidutthatthil nashtappettu, athu soochippikkunnathu america enna peru 1497 ll bristtolil ithinakam ariyappettirunnu. richard americayumaayi parichayamillaattha 1507 "cosmography aamukham" pandithanmaar, america enna peru patthu varshamaayi upayogichirunnuvennu addeham avakashappetta america enna peru amerigo wespuchy adisthaanamaakkiyullathaane anumaanichuvennum athinaal, thettu cheyth bahumanam amerikkakkil ninnu vespuchiyilekku mattiyathaayum hudd nyaayeekarichu. 21-aamm noottaandile onniladhikam ezhuthukaaranmaaril ninnu hudd-nte oohaapohangalkku pinthuna labhichittundenkilum, richard amerikkakkinte perilaanu cabot americaykku peru nalkiyathenna addehathinte sidhaanthathe sthireekarikkunnathinu sakthamaaya thelivukalonnumilla.
pinneedulla jeevitam.
hudinte aadya bhaarya kettu 1889 epril 4 nuu marikkukayum italiyile naplesile pazhaya protestant semitheriyil samskarikkappedukayum cheythu. 1891 naalam paadatthil landanile kensington rajistreshan jillayilvechu adline sophiya taisakkine hudd vivaham kazhichu. 1901ll klifttanile 94 pembrock rodilaanu addeham thante randaam bhaarya adline rund penmakkalumothu thaamasichirunnathu. klifttanile 108 pembrock roadile alfred edmund hudd 1920 october 7 nuu marichu, varshathinte naalam paadatthil bristtolil addehathinte maranam rekhappeduthi. 1920 desember 17nuu addehathinte 16,000 poundu sambathu probettilekku pooyi. addehathinte bhaarya addehathe athijeevichu.
aarkkaivukal.
alfred edmund hudd sookshichirikkunna oru puraavastu notubook bristtol aarkkaivukalil sookshichirikkunnu (rafa. 13847/79).

