pothu udamasthaavakaasham

oru samghadanayudeyo samrambhathinteyo samoohathinteyo swathukkal vyakthigatha amgangaludeyo amgangalude grouppukaludeyo perilalla, marichu avibhajyamaayi pothu swathaayi kaivasham vaykkuka ennathaanu pothu udamasthaavakaasham.
ellah saambathika samvidaanathilum pothuvaaya udamasthaavakaashathinte roopangal nilavilundu. oru communist samoohathinte srishtikkum thudarchayaaya pravartthanatthinum aavashyamaaya oru janaadhipathya samvidaanamaayi kaanappedunnathinal ulppaadana maarggangalude pothu udamasthaavakaasham communist rashtreeya prasthaanangalude kendra lakshyamaanu. abhibhaashakar "koottaaya udamasthaavakaasham", "pothu swath" enniva thammil verthirikkunnu, kaaranam aadyathethu nirmmaathaakkalude sahakarana samghangal polulla oru koottam sahapravarthakarude karar prakaram samyukthamaayi udamasthathayilulla swathine soochippikkunnu, athesamayam randaamathethu ellaavarkkum soujanyamaayi labhyamaya oru pothu paarkk polulla praveshanathinaayi poornnamaayum thurannirikkunna swathukkale soochippikkunnu.
kristhyan samoohangal.
jarusalemile aadyathe sabha avarude panavum swathukkalum (apposthalanmar 2,3,4 ennivayude pravrithikal) pankittu. aadyakaala kristhyaanikalil ninnu prachodanam ulkkond, pala kristhyaanikalum charakkukalude samoohatheyum pothu udamasthathayeyum kurichulla avarude maathruka pinthudaraan sramichittundu. chila kristhyan grouppukalaaya hattaraittukal (ekadesham 500 varshathekku), brooderhoff (ekadesham 100 varshathekku), mattullavar ennivar pothu udamasthaavakaasham paalikkunnu. atharam sandarbhangalil, mathavibhaagangalile amgangale paripalikkunnathinaayi roopeekaricha oru chaarittiyude udamasthathayilullathaanu swath.
muthalaalitha sambadvyavasthakalil.
dhaaraalam sannadhasamghadanakalum laabhechayillaatha samghadanakalum athupole thanne ellah pothu sthaapanangalum pothuvaaya udamasthaavakaasham paalikkunnu. mikka sahakaranasamghangalkkum pothuvaaya udamasthaavakaashathinte chila gadakangalundenkilum avayude mooladhanathinte chila bhagam vyakthigatha udamasthathayilullathaayirikkam.
maarksist sidhaantham.
pala soshyalist prasthaanangalum uthppaadanashakthikalude vikasanathiloode kaivarikkenda oru aathyanthika lakshyamaayi muzhuvan samoohathinteyum ulppaadana maarggangalude pothu udamasthaavakaashathe vaadikkunnu, ennirunnaalum pala soshyalistukalum soshyalisathe ulppaadana maarggangalude pothu udamasthathayaayi tharamthirickunnu, kaal marks "uyarnna nilavaaramulla communism" ennu visheshippichathinu pothu udamasthaavakaasham neekkivaykkunnu. maarksist vishakalanathil ninnu, charakkukalude samriddhiyeyum ulppaadana maarggangalude pothu udamasthathayeyum adisthaanamaakkiyulla oru samooham ulppaadana swathinte udamasthaavakaashathe adisthaanamaakkiyulla varggangal illaathathaayirikkum.
oru saangalppika communist samoohathile pothu udamasthaavakaasham vargeeyathayum aadima kammyoonisavum polulla charithrathiludaneelam nilaninnirunna pothuvaaya swathinte aadima roopangalil ninnu verthirikkappedunnu, communist pothu udamasthaavakaasham samoohathil bhauthika daurlabhyam illaathaakkunnathilekku nayikkunna saamoohikavum saankethikavumaaya sambhavavikaasangalude falamaanu.
1918 muthal 1995 vare, "uthppaadanam, vitharanam, kaimaattam ennivayude pothu udamasthaavakaasham" britiish laber party lakshyamaayi bharanaghadanayude naalam khandathil udharikkukayum athinte angathwa kaardukalude pinnil udharikkukayum cheythu. aaa khandika ingane
uthppaadanam, vitharanam, kaimaattam ennivayude pothu udamasthaavakaashathinteyum oro vyavasaayathinteyum sevanathinteyum pothubharanatthinteyum niyanthranathinteyum ettavum mikacha samvidaanathinteyum adisthaanathil thozhilaallikalkk avarude vyavasaayathinte muzhuvan phalangalum athinte ettavum nyayamaaya vitharanavum kaikondu allengil masthishkam vazhi urappaakkuka.
vishwaasa virudha saambathikashaasthram.
vishvaasavirudha saambathikashaasthrathil, ore vyavasayathinullil malsarikkunna niravadhi sthaapanangalil valia nikshepakarkku oharikal ulla oru saahacharyathe pothu udamasthaavakaasham vivarikkunnu. eee overlapping udamasthaavakaashathinte falamaayi, eee sthaapanangalkku parasparam malsarikkaanulla prothsaahanangal kuravaayirikkaam, kaaranam avayude malsaraadhishtitha pravartthanangal parasparam undaakkunna labham kuraykkunna prabhavam aantharikamaakkunnu.
1984ll juulioo rottemberg aanu eee sidhaantham aadyamaayi vikasippichath. niravadhi anubhavaparamaya sambhavanakal pothu udamasthaavakaashathinte vardhichuvarunna praadhaanyam rekhappeduthukayum sidhaanthathe pinthunaykkunnathinulla thelivukal nalkukayum cheiyunnu. eee malsara virudha prathyaaghaathangalekkurichallu aashanka kaaranam, pothu udamasthaavakaasham "vishvaasavirudha nadappaakkalinte oru pradhana punarchinthanatthe uthejippichu". yunaittad stetts department oof justice, federal trade kammeeshan, europian kammeeshan, oo. iii. dii ennivayellaam uthppanna vipani malsaram kuraykkunnathil pothu udamasthaavakaashathinte prathyaaghaathangalekkurichallu aashankakal amgeekarichittundu.
karar sidhaantham.
neoclassical saambathika sidhaantham karar sidhaantham upayogichu pothu udamasthaavakaasham vishakalanam cheiyunnu. olivar hart addehathinte saha-rachayithaakkalum munnottuvacha apoornna karar sameepanam anusarichu, oru swathinte udamaykku sheshikkunna niyanthrana avakashangal ullathinaal udamasthaavakaasham pradhaanamaan. ithinartham oru karaarinte paridhiyil varaatha ellah aakasmika saahacharyangalilum swath enthucheyyanamennu udamaykku theerumaanikkaan kazhiyum ennaanu. prathyekichum, oru udamaykku oru udamasthanallaathavarekkaal bandha-nirddishta nikshepangal nadatthaan sakthamaaya prolsaahanangalundu, athinaal udamasthaavakaashathinu hold-upp prashnam ennu vilikkappedunna prashnam pariharikkan kazhiyum. thalphalamaayi, udamasthaavakaasham paazhaakkaan paadillaattha oru apoorva vibhavamaan. prathyekichum, swathavakaasha sameepanathinte oru kendra phalam parayunnath samyuktha udamasthaavakaasham opttimal allennaan. samyuktha udamasthaavakaashathil ninnu (oro kakshikkum swathinte upayogathinu mail veetto adikaaram ulla) aarambhich orotta udama ulla oru saahacharyathilekku neengukayaanengil, puthiya udamayude nikshepa aanukoolyangal mechappedukayum mattu kakshikalude nikshepa aanukoolyangal athepadi thudarukayum cheiyunnu. ennirunnaalum, adisthaana apoornnamaaya karar chattakkoodil nikshepangal manushya mooladhanathilaanengil maathrame samyuktha udamasthaavakaashathinte samayabandhithamallaatha nilanilpp nilanilkkoo, athesamayam nikshepangal bhauthika mooladhanathilaanengil samyuktha udamasthaavakaasham opttimal aakam. nikshepangal manushya mooladhanathilaanengilppolum samyuktha udamasthaavakaasham yadhaarthathil opttimal aayirikkumenn aduthide niravadhi ezhuthukaar theliyichittundu. prathyekichum, kakshikale asamamaayi ariyikkukayaanenkil, kakshikal thammil deerghakaala bandham undengil, allengil kakshikalkk avar velippeduthaan kazhiyunna arivu undengil samyuktha udamasthaavakaasham opttimal aakam.

