
briggs kanningham

briggs swift kanningham randaaman (januvari 19,1907-juulai 2,2003) oru american samrambhakan kaayikathaaravumaayirunnu. 1958 leeii american kapp raceil vijayathilekku "columbia" enna yaatt nayichathinum 24 manikkoor leeii mans ulppede sports kaar racingle driver, team udama, kanstraktar ennee nilakalil addeham nadatthiya parisramangalkkum addeham kooduthal ariyappedunnu.
aadyakaala varshangal.
1907 januvari 19 nuu ohaayoyile sinsinnattiyil janicha eee kudumbam sinsinnatti pradeshathe deerghakaala thaamasakkaaraayirunnu. kanninghaminte muthachan rivar bottukal pravarthippikkunnathil shippingle earppettirunnu, thudarnnu makan briggs swift kanningham seeniyarinoppam maamsam packing bisinasilekku pooyi. maamsam packing bisinesses oduvil evans, lipenkot, kanningham ennee perukalil ariyapettu. kanningham ezz. aarr. pinneedu sittisans naashanal baankinte sthaapakanum presidentum pensylvania reyilrodinte director aayi. kanningham ezz. aarr. sopp kambaniyaaya proctorinteyum choothaattatthinteyum mukhya dhanakaaryakarthaavaayirunnu. vilyam kooppar proctor aanu kanninghaaminte godfather.
kanningham ezz. aarr. brigsinu anchu vayassullappol addeham marichu. naalppat vayass vare kanningham anantharaavakaashikalkku athinte poornna niyanthranam labhikkatha tharatthilaanu estettu roopeekarichathu.
kanninghaminte ammavan doow. aashtan hayle, oru muun ruff rider. oru dodge touring kaaril hayle oru hispano-suisa vimana enchin sthaapichu. oru aankuttiyenna nilayil, kaarile chila apratheekshitha theruvu malsarangalil oru yaathrakkaaranaayirunnu kanningham.
kanninghaaminte aadyakaala school vidyaabhyaasam grotenilum pensylvaniayile pottstaunile hill skoolilumaanu nadannathu. addehathinte sarvakalashaala dinangal yaale nagarathilaanu chelavazhichathu. olimbiku bobsled teamile oru breakman koodiyaayirunnu addeham.
1929 october 2nuu addeham iii. yude kochumakalaaya lucie bedfordine vivaham kazhichu.tii. bedford, staanderd oayil sahasthaapakanum directorumaan. dambathikal europil oru deerghakaala madhuvidhu chelavazhichu, avide rudolph carassiola addehathinu vyakthiparamayi nalkia mersidus benz ss upayogichu kanningham oru konkor nedi. eee yaathraykkidayilaanu addeham thante aadyathe pradhana automobile malsaramaaya 1930 monaco grand prixil pankedutthathu. dambathikal uslake madangiyethiyappol avar long ailand shabdathil thamasamaakki.
randaam lokamahaayudhasamayathu (ibluedablyu) addeham us navikasenayil cheraan shramichuvenkilum praayavum munbundaayirunna avasthayum kaaranam ayogyanaayi kanakkakkappettu. pakaram addeham sivil eyar patrollingil chernnu, kizhakkan theerathu antarvaahini patrolling nadatthi, aadyam oru fair childilum pinneedu oru sikorsky ezz 39 bii ubhayachara vimaanathilum, randum svayam chelavazhichu.
kappalyatra.
automobile racinginte apakadangalekkurichulla ammayude aashankakal kaaranam, marikkunnathuvare kanham driving currier pinthudarnnilla, marichu malsaraathmakamaayi rays seyil bottukal nadatthi.
pathinezhaam vayassil addeham pecot yaachu clubble cherukayum staar klaas bottukalil rays cheyyaan thudangukayum cheythu. thanne kappal kayaran padippichathu bhaaryayaanennu addeham paranju.
kanningham thante bhaaryasahodaranaaya frederic tii. yumayi pankaalittham vahichu. 1928ll ettu meter "loock" vaangaan bedford.
1929-ll addeham aarr meter uyaramulla "akaba" vaangi, aaa perilulla thante rund bottukalil aadyathethu "lucie" ennu punarnaamakaranam cheythu. 1930ll klintan echu. kanningham kammeeshan cheythu. crain oru puthiya 6 meter roopakalppana cheyyum, athinu "lucie" ennum peridum. aval henry bii yill nirmmichathaanu. 1931ll newyorkkile nevins boat yardle addeham thante madhuvidhu aaghoshathinte oru bhagam puthiya "lucie" yill sanjarichu. 6 meter yaattil 6 loka kireedangal kanningham nedi.
eph.tii. bedford 12 meter "nyaayaala" kanninghamin makal lucic avar vivaahitharaayappol sammaanamaayi nalki.
1931ll faastnett rokkinu chuttumulla malsarathil vijayikkumbol doradil undaayirunna oru kroo amgamaayirunnu kanningham.
1937ll addeham thante "wiim" enna vallathile harrold stitling wanderbiltinte samghathil amgamaayirunnu.
randaam lokamahaayudhathinushesham koost gardle ninnu "gambheera" scooner vaangukayum athinte vegatha vardhippikkaanulla shramathil athil maattam varuthukayum cheythu. 1953ll addeham eee "thilakkam" oru kadaltheera klaas muriyayi upayogikkaan rahasya thuramukhathinu sambhavana cheythu.
thilakkamulla" kappal oru kanningham daunhaal labhicha aadyathe kappalaayirunnu, kanningham kandupidicha mechappetta daunhaal addehathinte perilekku vannu.
1958ll yudhaananthara american kapp malsarathil pankedukkunnathinaayi 12 meter sloop "columbia" nirmmikkaan niyogicha sindikkettinte bhaagamaayirunnu kanningham. american kappil "columbia" captanaakaanulla yadhaartha choys cornelius "corney" sheeldukalaayirunnu, ennaal hridayasambandhamaaya prasnangalaal addehathe paarshwalkkarichappol kanningham akathekku praveshichu bottineyum crewineyum vijayathilekku nayichu.
racing driver team udamayum.
1930ll kauls miles collier, saam collier ennee sahodaranmaarumaayi anthaaraashtra thalatthil kanningham racing aarambhichu. 1933ll automobile racing club oof america (arca) sthaapicha eee koleju suhruthukkal 1944ll sports kaar club oof america (ezz. keey. eiii) aayi maari. aadyamaayi nadanna ezz. keey. eiii. raceil kanningham pankedutthu. akkaalathe scuck sports kaar racingile ettavum vijayakaramaya drivermaaril oralaayi addeham visheshippikkappettu.
kaayikarangathu ganyamaaya sambhavanakal nalkia drivermare udyogasthareyum pathrapravartthakareyum aadarikkunna kshanam maathram nalkunna grouppaaya rooad racing drivermaarude klabbile aadyakaala amgamaayi kanningham maari.
drivermar, professionalukaludeyum mekkaaniksinteyum oru samgham, kaarukal ennivarodoppam vipulavum aadambaraparavumaya oru valia transporterinoppam kanninghaaminte racing team trackilethy. alfredo momo aayirunnu teaminte mukhya mechanic.
1950 desember 31 nuu sebring airport rays trackle nadanna aadyathe automobile resaaya 6 manikkoor saam collier memorial raceil kanningham oru asattu martin db 2 rays cheythu. classil moonnaam sthaanavum mothatthil pathinezhaam sthaanavum kanningham nedi. addehathinte seeriyal nambaraaya elml/50/21, aadyathethallengilum db2 soukaryapradamaaya aadya kaarukalil onnaayirunnu.
1955-laanu kanningham svanthamaayi kaarukal nirmmichathu, aabhyanthara ravanyoo sevanam kuranja alavil nirmmaathaakkale laabhakaramaakkaan anuvadicha anchu varshathe grays pyriid kambani avasaanippichu.
1930 muthal 1963 vare anthaaraashtra malsarathil thudarnna kanningham thante leeii mans teamine pirichuvittu. 1966ll sebringle joonn fitch, davie jordan ennivarkkoppam nadanna porshe carrera jii. tii. ezz (type 904) aayirunnu addehathinte avasana professional rays. 1966 septambaril reverside rays veyil nadanna athe porshe 904 layirunnu addehathinte avasana amachwar rays.
kaarukal.
nambar 5 special.
kanninghaminte aadyathe racing kaarukalil onnaaya addehathinte eaka sprint kaar "nambar 5 special" aayirunnu. aarr nirmmichathu.tii. ohiyoyile dettanile jaaksan aanu kaar oodichirunnathu.
16 valve, double overhead kaamshaaft frontenac "fronty" silindar hedullah foord model tii inline phoor silindar enchinaanu kaarinu karuth pakarunnath.
1933ll kanningham eee kaarinte udamasthathayilaavukayum adutha varsham athu misouriyile gill piramginu vilkkukayum cheythu.
buu-merck.
1939leeii oru baike noottaandile chassis, drivetrain, running gear ennivaye adisthaanamaakkiyullathaayinu eee special. baike strait-8 enchin thaazhtthi chesiyilekku thirike neekkiyukondu phil shaffer kaar parishkkarichu. enchinte compression anupatham uyarthi. bodiyum radiatorum takarnna mersidus benz skill ninnaan vannath, bairon jezhsi vazhi baike chesiyumaayi poruthappedutthi.
1940-ll newyork fairgroundile walds fair grand prixil buu-merck prathyakshappettu. mile" collier upayogichu oodichathinaal, oru apakadam kaaranam athu poorthiyaayittilla.
1948ll vaatkins glenil nadanna aadya grand prixil randaam sthaanathethiya kanningham buu-merkkine oodichu. bukkinte enchiniyaring vais president chaals cheyin nirddeshicha strait-8, chassis parishkkaranangalude 1949 pathipp labhicha sesham, adutha varsham vaatkins glenil kaar prathyakshappettu, kanningham moonnaam sthaanathekku pooyi.
cadilac-healey.
1950-ll kaadilkkinte puthiya vii8 enchinukalilonnu sthaapicha saikkil-fender healey silverstonil kanningham oodi.
1950 januvari 3nuu paam beechil kaar prathyakshappettu. kanningham oodicha kaar randaam sthaanathethi.
aaa varsham septambar 23nuu vaatkins glenil veendum kaar oodicha kaar randaam sthaanathethi. eee oottathil saamuval "saam" carnus collier kanninghaaminte ferrari oodikkunnathinidayil kollappettu.
1950 desember 31 nuu 6 manikkoor sebringle cadilac-healey prathyakshappettu. phil vaalttezhsum bill frick chernnu pravarthippicha ithu mothatthil panthrandaamattheyum classil moonnaamatheyum sthaanathethi.
"pettitt pattoud", "leeii monstre".
1950-leeii 24 manikkoor leeii maansil oru fordilac hybridil pravesikkaanulla addehathinte padhathi samghaadakar nirasichappol, pakaram rund kaadilaakkukalil kanningham praveshichu.
aadyathethu, orupakshe 1930-kalile oru franch kuttikalude pusthakatthile oru pattikutty paraamarsikkunna, "pettitt pattoud" ennu franch visheshippicha, prathyakshappedunna cadilac seerees 61 aayirunnu. kaarile mattangal valare kuravaayirunnu, athil duval-carburator intake manifold, break cooling dakttukal, randaamathe indhana tank, adhika laittukal enniva ulppedunnu.
enchin kaimattangal niyamavirudhamaayirunnappol, body parishkkaranangal anuvadichu, athinaal randaamathe kaadilaakkinte stokku body neekkam cheyyukayum mettal tube chattakkoodiloode aluminium kondu nirmmichathinekkaal cheruthum cheruthumaaya oru poornnamaayum puthiya body neekkam cheyyukayum cheythu. grammanil ninnulla enchineeyar howard weynmaante sahaayathodeyaanu puthiya body roopakalppana cheyyukayum nirmmikkukayum cheythath. anchu kaarbyoorettarukalude upayogamaayirunnu mattoru savisheshatha. eee kaarinu "leeii monstre" ennaanu vilipperu nalkiyathu.
collier sahodaranmaar "pettitt pattoud" oodikkaan pankalikalaayi patthaam sthaanathethi. kanningham saha driver phil vaalttezhsum "leeii monstreyil" pathinonnam sthaanathethi.
bii. ezz. kanningham kambani kaarukal.
leeii maansile thante adutha sramathinu thayyaaredukkunnathinaayi, kanningham frick-tappet motozhs kambaniye vaangukayum newyorkkile long ailandil ninnu floridayile vestt paam beechilekku ooppareshan maattukayum athine "bii" ennu punarnaamakaranam cheyyukayum cheythu.ezz. kanningham kambani ".
puthiya kambaniyude aadya uthppannam cadilac vii8 nalkunna kanningham sii-1 aayirunnu. orennam maathramaan nirmmichathu. sii-1-nuu valare saamyamulla moonnu thudarnnulla sii-2aarr-kalaayirunnu, ellaam racing savisheshathakalkanusrithamaayi nirmmichavayaanu. sii-1ll kadilakkinu pakaram kanningham oru vii8 maatti. sii-2aarr aadyamaayi prathyakshappettath 1951ll leeii maansilaan.
leeii maansinte nirmmathavenna nilayil samaantharamaayi pravartthikkaan, sii-3 rooad kaarinte 25 udaaharanagal nirmmikkaan kanningham theerumaanichu. C-3s chrysler fayar power v8-nte naveekaricha pathipp upayogichu. C-3-nte uthppaadanam irupathiyanchu (irupathu kooppukalum anchu kanverttibilukalum) allengil irupathiyezhu (pathinettu kooppukalum ombathu kanverttibilukalum) aanennu vividha reportukal undu.
bii ykkulla adutha racing kaar.ezz. jii aanu kanningham kambani roopakalppana cheythath. briggs neythukaaran. rund sii-4aarr roadsterukalum, muricha pinn body varkkukalulla orotta sii-4aarke kooppum nirmmichu. 1952 leeii 24 manikkoor leeii maansilaan kaarukal arangettam kurichathu.
1953ll leeii maansinaayi oru puthiya sii-5aarr thayyarakki. power vardhichathode chrysler vii8 enchin nilaninnu. 1953 leeii leeii maansinaayi kaar athiyappol franch nireekshakar athinu "leeii rickwin soriyant"-punchirikkunna sraavu ennu perittu.
avasana bii. ezz. kanningham kambani kaar model meyar & drekkil ninnulla 3 littar naalu silindar offenhouserinaayi chrysler vii8 upekshichu. 1955 leeii leeii maansil sii-6 aarr 202-aamm laappil viramichu.
mattu maarkkukal.
kanningham rays cheiyukayo resinu kadam kodukkukayo cheytha aadyakaala kaarukalil onnu mgsinte oru parambarayaayirunnu. 1934ll thiranjeduttha arca enangalil addeham vyakthiparamayi oodicha oru emji jeey2 addehathinte udamasthathayilaayirunnu. rund varshathinu sesham addeham thante emji keey3 maagnett europil pracharanam nadatthiya "miles" collierinum jorjju randinum vaaypa nalki. 1948-ll udghaadana vaatkins glen grand prixil buu-merkinoppam kanninghaminte supercharged milligram tissy prathyakshappettu. haig xien nayikkunna tissy classil onnaam sthaanavum mothatthil moonnaam sthaanavum nedi.
leeii maansil "fordillaakkukalude" oru teamil praveshikkaan kanningham aadyam padhathiyittirunnu. cadilac oechvi vii8eiiis gadippicha 1949 fordukalaayirunnu kaarukal. bill fricaanu parivartthanam roopakalppana cheythath, frick-tappet motorukalaanu ithu nirmmichathu.
1949ll kanningham alfredo momoyumaayi pankaalittham vahikkukayum luigi chinettiyil ninnu ferrari 166 spider corsa 016-aii vaangukayum cheythu. 1949-nte aadya paadatthil loss enchalsil tommy leak vitta 166 emm touring barchetta, chassis 0002 meter, amerikkayile randaamathe ferrariyaayirunnu. 016-aii aayirunnu amerikkayile aadyathe ferrari rays.
1954ll kanninghaminte 1.5-liter o.ezz.sii.eiii. stiriling mose bill lloyd chernnu oodicha emm. tii. 4 aanu 12 manikkoor sebringinte samboornna vijayi. adutha varsham sebringle team veendum vijayichu, ithavana jagwar dii-typode.
1954ll vaatkins glenil nadanna malsarathil driver marshell louisinoppam 750 sisi staanguyliniyil kanningham praveshichu. kaar athinte echu modified klaas nedi, athesamayam joonn gorden bennatt oru kanningham oayil randaam sthaanathethi.ezz.sii.eiii. emm. tii. 4 1450.
1954 leeii 24 manikkoor leeii mans kanningham pareekshanathmaka vaattar-cooled drum brekkukalulla oru ferrari 375 emm feeld cheythu. kaar pinwangi.
moonnu maseratti 300 kaarukal kanninghaaminte udamasthathayilaayirunnu. 1955leeii 12 manikkoor sebringle bill spear sherwood jonstanum chernnu nadatthiya aadya malsarathil chassis 3053 mothatthil moonnaam sthaanathethi.
1958ll kanningham rund listtar jagwar "noblikal" kalathil nirtthi. alfredo momo thayyarakkiya eee jody 1958ll oru sca sii modified chaambyanshippu nalki.
1959-ll aerodynamist frank koosttin parishkaricha body varkkukalode ippozhum jagwaril pravartthikkunna listtar-kosttinilekku kanningham naveekarichu. mattoru skaa sii modified chaambyanshippaanu phalam.
1960 ll leeii maansinte sthaanachalana niyamangal 3 littaril kooduthal enchinukalulla kaarukal anuvadikkunnathinaayi maatti. gm-nte nishabda pinthunayum zora arcus-dundovile sahayavum upayogichu, kanningham oottathinaayi moonnu korvettukal thayyarakkan thudangi. leeii maansinu munbulla oru vicharanayaayi, 1960 leeii sebringinte 12 manikorinullil rund momo-thayyarakkiya kanningham korvettukal praveshichuvenkilum kaar poorthiyaayittilla. leeii maansil kanningham moonnu korvettukalilum oru jagwar iii-typilum praveshichu. #1 corvettile kanningham, bill kimberly, #2 corvettile dick thompson, fred windridge, #3 corvettile joonn fitch, bob grossman, jaagwaarile daan gurney, walt hansen ennivaraayirunnu kaarukal oodichirunnathu. kimberly oodichirunna <aii. dii. 1> corvet kozhs vittu 32-aamm laap theepidikkukayum jaagwaarineppole 89-aamm laap kaarum enchin thakararumaayi puratthekku pookukayum cheythu. #3 kaar amithamaayi choodaakkaan thudangi, kuzhiyile jeevanakkar enchin thanuppikkaan aise chuttikkarangi. jidi vibhaagathil anchaam sthaanavum jidi vibhaagathil anchaam klaas vare onnaam sthaanavum nedi ettaam sthaanathethi.
1960 augustil kanningham oru maseratti tippo 60 "bared kej" vaangi, athu addeham 1961-ll saha driver jiim kimberliotoppam 24 manikkoor leeii maansil oodichu. kaaril mothatthil ettaam sthaanavum classil moonnaam sthaanavum eee jody nedi.
munvashath 750 sisi kaarum pinvashathu 1100 delphinoy ulppede rund vyathyastha staanguvellini formula juuniyar kaarukalum kanninghaaminte udamasthathayilaayirunnu.
1961 octoberil kanninghaminte udamasthathayilulla oru kooppar tii53 us grand prixil prathyakshappettu. recordil praveshichathu momo korppareshanaanu, kaar oodichirunnathu walt hansenanu, addeham thante eph 1 arangettatthinte 14-aamm laappil thakarnnu. chassis pinneedu rogger penscake vilkkukayum serex specialaayi maarukayum pinneedu bruses mcclarenu veendum vilkkukayum mcclaren team oodicha aadyathe kaarayi maarukayum cheythu.
alfredo momoyude momo korppareshan thayyarakki broose mcclaren nayikkunna kanninghaaminte udamasthathayilulla oru phiyatt-abarth 1000 bialbero malsara kooppe 1961 ll 1 littar vare grand touring kaarukalkkayi 3 manikkoor sebring nedi.
1962 leeii leeii maansil oru jagwar iii-typinoppam rund maseratti tippo 151 kooppukalil kanningham praveshichu. rund maasiraattikalum poortthiyaakkaan kazhinjilla.
1963 leeii leeii mans kanningham oru jagwar iii-type laitveyittil praveshichu, athu addeham onpathaam sthaanathekku athichu.
1964ll sebringle klaas winning porshe 904ll thadaakatthinte underwoodinte saha udamayum saha driverumaayirunnu kanningham. adutha varsham avar 2 littar klaas nedukayum 904 ransumaayi mothatthil onpathaam sthaanathethukayum cheythu.
museum.
thante jeevithakaalathu swantham muun racing kaarukal ulppede valuthum vaividhyapoornavumaaya automobileukalude shekharam kanningham shekharichu. padinjaaran theerathekku thamasam marria sesham addeham 250 iii. yill oru vasthu vaangi. baker street, koosta mesa, california, briggs kanningham museum sthaapichu. oru kettidam museum galleryayi maari, athu 1966 februvari 5 nuu audyogikamaayi thurannu.
irupathiyonnu varshamaayi museum pravarthikkunnundaayinu. mooladhana netta nikuthi niyamangalil pratheekshicha mattangal 1986 avasaanathode museum adachupoottunnathu pariganikkaan kanninghamine prerippichu. pakaram, museum shekharathile 71 kaarukal deerghakaala suhruthu kauls miles koliyarinte makanaaya mile collierinu vilkkukayum collier automotive museum shekharamaayi floridayile napplesilekku maattukayum cheythu. collier shekharam pinneedu reves instittyoott pradarshanatthinte bhaagamaayi maari.
vyakthiparamaaya jeevitam.
1954 epril 26nuu time maasikayude puramchattayil moonnu kanningham racing kaarukalkkoppam kanningham pradharshippichirunnu. 
alshaimezhs rogathinte sankeernathakal moolam 96-aamm vayassil laas vegaasilaan kanningham antharichathu. muun bhaarya lucie bedford vaaranum avarude moonnu makkalaya briggs swift kanningham III, lucie mckinny (yunaittad stetts prathinidhi stuvartt makkinniyude bhaarya), sithlen madok ennivarum addehathinundaayirunnu. addehathinte randaam bhaarya lora cramer kanningham rund randaanammamarum undaayirunnu. addehathinte kochumakkalil muun connecticut samsthaana senatt nyoonapaksha nethaavu joonn pii. mckinny.