
jorjju aantheyil

jorjju johann kaal aantheyil (juulai 8,1900-februvari 12,1959) oru american avant-gaard samgeethasamvidhaayakanum piyaanistum ezhuthukaaranum kandupiduthakkaaranum aayirunnu, addehathinte aadhunika sangeetha rachanakal irupathaam noottaandinte thudakkathil aadhunika shabdangal-sangeetha, vyaavasaayika, mechanical-paryavekshanam cheythu. 1920-kalude bhooribhaagavum europil chelavazhicha aantheyil 1930-kalil amerikkayilekku madangiyethukayum athinusesham sinimakalkkum oduvil television vendi samgeetham rachikkaan kooduthal samayavum chelavazhikkukayum cheythu. eee kruthiyude falamaayi addehathinte shaili kooduthal swaramullathaayi maari. vaividhyamaarnna thaalpparyangalum kazhivukalum ulla oru manushyanaaya aantheyil nirantharam svayam punarnirmmikkukayaayirunnu. maasikayile lekhanangal, aathmakatha, nigooda noval, pathrangalum sangeetha kolangalum addeham ezhuthi.
1941-ll, aantheyilum nadi heady lamar anubandha torpidokalkkaayi oru radio maarganirddesha samvidaanam vikasippichu, athu oru reseaverinum traansmittarinum idayil freekwansi hopping ennu vilikkunna kramarahithamaya aavruthikal samanvayippikkunnathinu oru coode (panchu cheytha paper tapil sambharichirikkunnu) upayogichu. telecommunicationil vyaapakamaayi upayogikkunna spread spectrum ennariyappedunna saankethikavidyakalilonnathi. eee srishti avare 2014-ll deseeya kandupiduthakkaarude haal oof faimil ulppeduthunnathilekku nayichu.
aadyakaala jeevitam.
jorjju johann kaal aantheyil enna peril janicha aantheyil nyoojezhsiyile trentanilulla jarmman kudiyettakkaarude oru kudumbathilaanu valarnnathu. addehathinte pithaavin oru shhoo store undaayirunnu. trantan public skoolukalilaanu antheel vidyaabhyaasam nediyathu. cheruppam muthal thanne samgeetham, gadyam, kavithakal enniva ezhuthukayum haiskoolil ninno collegil ninno orikkalum aupachaarikamaayi birudam nedaathirikkukayum 1918 ll trentan central haiskoolil ninnu purathupokukayum cheytha addeham dwibhasha bhashayil valarnnu. aanthilinte aathmakadhayaaya "samgeethathinte mosham payyan" (1945) anusarichu, "samgeethathil bhraanthanaayirunnu", pianokal labhyamallaatha graamapradeshangalilekk amma addehathe ayachu. thadassamillaathe, jorj oru piano vitharanam cheiyunnathinaayi oru praadeshika sangeetha kada krameekarichu. addehathinte vishwasaneeyamallaatha oormmakkurippukal oru bhavivadi enna nilayil addehathinte uthbhavathe puraanavalkkarikkukayum shabdamundaakkunna oru mesheen shopinum ashubhakaramaaya jailinum sameepam addehathe valarthiyathinu oonnal nalkukayum cheythu. jorjinte ilaya sahodaran henry dablyu aayirunnu. aantheyil juuniyar.addeham oru nayatantra koriyaraayi maarukayum 1940 juun 14 nuu baltic kadalinu mukalil vimanam vedivechittuveezhthi marikkukayum cheythu.
aaram vayassil aantheyil piano padikkaan thudangi. 1916-ll france listtinte muun vidyaarthiyaaya konstaantain voonn sternberginte keezhil padikkaan addeham pathivayi philadelfiyayilekku yaatra cheythu. sternbergil ninnu europian paarambaryatthil aupachaarikamaaya rachana pariseelanam labhichuvenkilum nagaratthilekkulla addehathinte yathrakal dadassism ulppedeyulla aashayaparamaaya kalayilekku addehathe thurannukaatti. 1919-ll addeham newyorkkile kooduthal purogamanaparamaaya ernest blochinoppam pravartthikkaan thudangi. thudakkathil, bloach samshayaaluvaayirunnu, addehathe nirasikkukayum, aantheyilinte rachanakale "shoonyavum" "nadikkunnathum" ennu visheshippikkukayum cheythu; ennirunnaalum, aantheyilinte aveshavum oorjjavum adthyaapakane keezhadakkukayum, oru garbhachhidram nadatthiya aadya symphany poortthiyaakkaan shramikkumbol saambathikamaayi sahayikkukayum cheythu. samgeethajnjaraaya lioo oonsttain, pooll rosenfeld, chithrakaaran joonn maarin, photographer alfred steeglits, "dhii littil review" edittar maargarat aandezhsan ennivarulppede aadhunika prasthaanatthile pradhana vyakthikale kandumuttaanum aanthilinte newyork yathrakal addehathe anuvadichu.
19-aamm vayassil, aandezhsaninum oru koottam suhruthukkalkkumoppam vaaranthyam chelavazhikkaan aantheyline kshanichu; addeham aarumasam thaamasichu, koodaathe mouris mettarlinginte muun koottaaliyaaya jorgett leblanc ulppedunna adutha bandham pulartthunna samgham aantheyilinte kariyaril swaadheenam cheluthendathaayirunnu. aakarshakamaaya oru mechanical samgeetham" vaayikkukayum "piano thaalavaadyathinte upakaranamaayi maathram upayogikkukayum sailophon allengil simballo pole shabdamundaakkukayum cheytha" vichitramaaya aakruthiyilulla mookkulla hrasvamaaya mookkaanennu aandezhsan aanthailine visheshippichu. thante samgeethathil theevramaayi earppettirunna aantheyil eee kaalayalavil ganangal, piano concerto, "mekkaanisangal" ennariyappetta oru kruthi ennivayil pravarthichu.
eee samayathaan, voonn sternberg adutha rund pathittaandukalile thante rakshaadhikaariyaaya merii luis curtis bokkinu aantheyiline parichayappedutthiyathu pinneedu kurtis instittyoott oof myoosikkinte sthaapakanaaya merii luis curtis bookk. aanthelinte prathibhayum nalla swabhaavavum voonn sternberg urappu nalkikkond bookk addehathinu prathimasam 150 dollar stipend nalkukayum philadelphia settilment music schoolil padikkaan krameekarikkukayum cheythu. adutha 20 varshatholam avar addehathinte perumaattattheyum pravartthanatheyum amgeekarikkaathe addehathinte kathukalodu anukoolamaayi prathikarikkunnath thudarnnu. avarude saambathika pinthuna addehathe thante kruthiyil oru paridhivare swaathanthryam nilanirthaan praaptharaakkiyathinaal, thante kariyarilekkulla avarude sambhaavanakalude dairkhyathinum vyapthikkum addeham thante aathmakadhayil avarkk kooduthal bahumati nalkendathaayirunnuvennu pala nireekshakarum vishwasichu.
aantheyil thante piano padanavum igor stravinsky less six group oof franch samgeethajnjarum polulla aadhunika rachanakalekkurichulla padanavum thudarnnu. 1921-ll, saankethikavidya adisthaanamaakkiyulla kruthikal, sooloo piano "second sonatta", dhii airplane "ennivayil addeham thante aadyathethu ezhuthi. groupile mattu kruthikalil "sonaatta savej" (1922-23), thudarnnu "moonnaamathe sonaatta," "mesheenukalude maranam" (1923), "mekkaanisangal" () enniva europil rachichu. leopold stokovsky premiyarilekku aakarshikkan addeham thante aadya symphanyil pravarthichu. prakadanam nadakkunnathinu munbu, aantheyil thante currier thudaraan europilekku pooyi. ithu swantham rajyath vijayikkanulla addehathinte saadhyathakal kurachirikkaam.
berlin aandu paarees.
1922 meyy 30 nuu, 21-aamm vayassil, "oru puthiya ultra-moden piyaanist samgeethasamvidhaayakan" ennum "bhaaviyile bhayankaran" ennum thante peru maattunnathinaayi aantheyil europilekku yaatra cheythu. lioo oonsteente maanejare addeham earppeduthukayum wigmore haalil oru kacheriyiloode thante europian currier aarambikkukayum cheythu. clad debussy, stravinsky ennivarude kruthikalum swantham rachanakalum eee kacheriyil ulppeduthiyirunnu.
arter schnabelinoppam pravartthikkaan padhathiyitta addeham berlinil oru varsham chelavazhichu, koodaathe budapest, vienna, donaushinchan festival ennividangalil kacherikal nadatthi. thaan aagrahichathupole, addeham kuprasiddhi nediyengilum palappozhum kacheriyude chelavukal swantham pokkattil ninnu nalkendivannu. addehathinte saambathika sthithiye srimati sahayichilla. bokkinte stipend pakuthiyaayi kurachuvenkilum addehathinte kacherikalude prathyeka vashangalkk dhanasahayam nalkaanulla abhyarthanakalodu avar palappozhum prathikarichirunnu. austriyan naadakakrithaaya arther snittslarude anantharavalum hangarian ezhuthukaaranumaaya boski maarkkasine addeham kandumutty, addeham addehathinte koottaaliyaakukayum 1925 ll addehathe vivaham kazhikkukayum cheythu.
1922 avasaanathode, berlinile thante vigrahamaaya stravinskyode svayam parichayappeduthunnathinaayi aantheyil oru aakasmika koodikkaazhchaye muthaledutthu. avar oru ooshmalamaaya aduppam sthaapikkukayum kooduthal sthaapithanaaya samgeethasamvidhaayakan paareesilekk marran aantheyiline prolsaahippikkukayum cheythu. franch thalasthaanathu aantheyilinte currier aarambhikkunnathinayi addeham oru kacheri samghadippichu, pakshe markasinoppam polandilekku pookaan ishtappetta cheruppakkaaran hajarakan parajayappettu. oduvil 1923 juunil, stravinsky baale "less noses"-nte premiyaril pankedukkaan vendi aanteels paareesil athiyengilum stravinskyumaayulla bandham adikakaalam nilaninnilla. stravinsky thante srishtiye prashamsichu" ennu aantheyil ahankaaram cheythathayi kandethiya stravinsky cheruppakkaarane avaganichu. eee lamghanam aanteyilinu nasham vithachu, 1941 ll, addeham hollywoodil nalkunna oru kacheriyilekku kudumba tikkattukal stravinsky ayaykkunnathuvare athu attakuttappanikalkk vidheyamaayilla.
ashubhakaramaaya thudakkam undaayirunnittum, berlinte "black naitt" ennathumaayi thaarathamyappeduthumbol, akkaalat samgeethathinteyum kalaparamaaya naveekaranathinteyum kendramaayirunna paareesine oru "pacha aardramaaya prabhatham" aayi aantheyil kandethi.
sylvia beechinte pusthakakkadayaya shakespeare aandu kambanikku mukalilulla oru kidappumuriyulla appaartmentilaanu dambathikal thaamasichirunnathu. beach addehathe "bangs ulla aalayi, oru squish cheytha mookkum athil oru punchiriyulla valia vaayayum" ennu visheshippichu. oru saadhaarana american haiskool aankutti."aval valare pinthuna nalkukayum eric saatti, ezra poundu, jaims joys, virjil thomson, ernest hemingway ennivarulppedeyulla suhruthukkalkkum upabhokthakkalkkum aanthailine parichayappedutthukayum cheythu. joys poundum taamasiyaathe oru ooppara sahakaranathekkurichu samsaarikkukayaayirunnu. poundu, prathyekichu, aandheyilinteyum addehathinte kruthikaludeyum athirukadanna pinthunakkaaranum promoter aakukayum addehathe stravinskyumaayum jaims kagniyumaayum vyathyasthamayi thaarathamyam cheyyukayum samgeethathe athinte "sangeetha aattam" aayi vibhajikkunnathayi visheshippikkukayum cheythu. poundu jeane koktiyoykku aanthailine parichayappedutthi, avan paareesile myoosikkal saloonukalilekku aanthailine vikshepikkaan sahayichu; poundu thante yajamanathi oolga radjinaayi moonnu vayalin sonattakal ezhuthaan aanthailine niyogichu. 1924-ll poundu aantheyilinte prashasthi vardhippikkunnathinulla prachaaranatthinte bhaagamaayi "aantheyilum dhii treatise oonn harnery" prasidheekarichu. eee pusthakam nanmayekkaal dosham cheythirikkaam, samgeethasamvidhaayakan thante oormmakkurippil athil ninnu svayam akannunilkkendathaayirunnu. 1925-leeii aadyathe string kwaarttett ulppede chila yadhaartha kruthikal nirmmikkaan naattaali barney sahayichu.
paareesile oru pradhana saamoohika paripaadiyaaya baale sudoisinte udghaadanathil paareesil arangettam kurikkaan aantheyilinodu aavasyappettu. airplane sonaatta", "sonaatta sovej", "mechanism" ennivayulppede niravadhi sameepakaala rachanakal addeham prograam cheythu. addehathinte prakadanatthinte pakuthiyil, oru kalapam pottipurappettu, ithu aantilinu eare santhoshamundaakki. aantheyil parayunnathanusarichu, "aalukal edanaazhikalil pooraadukayaayirunnu, nilavilikkukayum kaiyadikkukayum alarukayum cheythu! pandonium! ... police akathu praveshichu, ethra sarriyalistukalum samoohathile vyakthikalum ellah vivaranangalilulla aalukalum arasttilaayi... stravinsky "sacrey duu printemps" premiyarinu sesham paareesinu ithrayum nalla samayam undaayirunnilla."kalapam chithreekarikkappedukayum vaasthavathil oru kacheri haalil sajjeekarichirikkunna oru kalaapathinte rangam marsell ell 'herbier sinimayaaya ell' inhumain aavashyamaayi vannathinaal athu roopakalppana cheythirikkukayum cheythirikkaam. eric saatti, darius milhoud, maan reey, pablo picaso, jeane kooktiyoo, francis picabia ennivaraayirunnu prekshakar. saattiyum milhoud addehathinte samgeethathe prashamsichappol antheel santhoshichu.
addehathinte aadya prakadanangalodulla prathikaranangal mikachathaayirunnu. addehathinte saankethikavidya uchathilum lajjaakarathilum parushavumaayirunnu. addeham piano vaayikkunnathinupakaram adichuvennum angane cheythathiloode palappozhum svayam murivelppichuvennum vimarshakar ezhuthi. thante "mosham payyan" perumaattatthinte bhaagamaayi, aanteel prakopanaparamaayi thante jackettil ninnu oru revolver valichedukkukayum pianoyil vaykkukayum cheythu.
"baale mechanica" pinneedu europil jolie cheythu.
baale mekkaanikkaan" aanthelinte ettavum prashasthamaaya rachana. pareekshanathmaka chalachithra nirmmaathaakkalaaya fernand legger dudley marfiyum (maan reyude chhaayaagrahanathode) athe perilulla chithrathodoppam "baale" ennu aadyam karuthiyirunnuvenkilum sahakaranathinte swabhaavam nigoodamaanu. 1925lum 1926lum aantilinte srishtikalude aadya nirmmanangalil aantilinte skorinte pakuthi maathram neelamulla 19 minitt neenduninna chithram ulppettirunnilla.
thante "aadyathe valia kruthi" yeei "ennamatta player piyaanokalkk score cheythathaanu" ennu antheel visheshippichu. ellaam percusive. yanthrangal pole. ellah kaaryakshamathayum. snehamilla. sahathaapamillathe ezhuthiyathaanu. oru sainyam pravartthikkunnathupole thanuppayi ezhuthappedunnu. onnum viplavakaramayirunnilla ennathinaal viplavakaramaayath."aanthelinte yadhaartha ashayam 16 prathyekamaayi samanvayippicha player pianokal, rund grand pianokal, electronic bells, sailophonukal, baas dramukal, oru sairan, moonnu airplane propellerukal ennivaykkaayi score cheythathaanenkilum samanvayippikkunnathile budhimuttukal orotta pianolakkum onniladhikam manushya piyaanistukalkkum maattiyezhuthunnathin kaaranamaayi. samgeethathinte kaalaghattangalum vimana propellerukalude alarchaykku ethire nischayichirikkunna nishabdathayude edavelakalum eee bhaagathil ulppedunnu. ithuvare ente ettavum samoolamaaya kruthi" ennaanu antheel visheshippichathu... oru kalakaran ariyaavunnathupole manoharamaayi avatharippikkunna yanthrangalude thaalamaanith."legger-marfi sinimayum aanthilinte samgeethavum oduvil 1935ll newyorkkile museum oof moden artle orumichu avatharippichu.
aantheyil eee kruthiye aathmaarthamaayi prolsaahippikkukayum oru preview kacherikkaayi maadhyamashradha nedunnathinaayi aphrica sandarshichappol "kaanaathaayenn" karuthappedunnayaale polum roopakalppana cheyyukayum cheythu. 1926 juunil nadanna paarees premiyarinte audyogika pradarshanam sponsor cheythath oru american rakshaadhikaariyaanu, samgeethakkacheriyude avasaanathil moonnu baaranasikalum oru duke oru puthappil erinju. kacheriyil pankedukkunnavaril chilare eee pravrithi prakopippikkukayum avarude ethirppukal cophonous samgeethathaal mungippokukayum mattullavar shabdathode eee samgeethathe pinthunaykkukayum theruvukalil kalaapathil kalapam avasaanikkukayum cheythu.
1927 epril 10 nuu, aantheyil newyorkkile karnegi haal vaadakaykku eduthu, thante kruthikalkkaayi samarppichirikkunna oru muzhuvan kacheriyum avatharippikkan, "baale mekkaanikkinte" american arangettam ulppede oru skeyil-daun pathippil. addeham ambarachumbikaludeyum yanthrangaludeyum vipulamaaya pashchaathalangal niyogikkukayum thante "oru jaas symphany" premiier cheyyaan oru aafrikkan american oorkkastraye earppeduthukayum cheythu. kacheri nannayi aarambhichenkilum kacheriyude promoter nirmmathaavum parayunnathanusarichu, wind mesheen oonaakkiyappol, "ellaam cheria reethiyil thakarnnu."kodunkaattinide, prekshaka amgangal avarude paripaadikalum thoppikalum pidichu, oraal" thante chooralil oru thoowala kettukayum keezhadanganulla adayaalamaayi athu vaayuvil kaattikkond chalippikkukayum cheythu."prekshakarude vinodathinu eare sahayakamaaya, pareekshikkappedaatha sairan, aaveshakaramaaya cranking undaayirunnittum kyoovil shabdamundaakkunnathil paraajayappedukayum prekshakar kayyadichu haalil ninnu purathupokumbol, prakadanam avasaanichathinusesham maathrame athinte climaxilethukayulloo. american vimarshakar eee kacheriye "kadutha nirasha" ennu visheshippikkukayum "baale mechanic" "virasavum kalarahitavum nishkalankavum" ennu thallikkalayukayum aanthelinte pratheekshicha kalapangal yaadhaarthyamaakaathe varikayum cheythu. baale mekkaanikkinte" parajayam addehathe aazhathil baadhichu, mekkanikkalilulla addehathinte thaalparyam arther honegar, serge procofiave, eric saatti thudangiya mattu pramukha sangeethanjjar anukarichuvenkilum addeham thante jeevithakaalathu orikkalum thante prashasthi poornnamaayum veendeduthilla. 1954-ll, aantheyil thaalavaadyathinum naalu piyanokalkkum oru airplane motorinte recordingin vendi srishtiyude parishkaricha pathipp srishtichu.
1920 kalude avasaanathil, aantheyil jarmmaniyilekku thamasam maarukayum avide berlinile munisippal thiyettaril asisttant myoosikkal director jolie cheyyukayum baale, thiyettar ennivaykku samgeetham ezhuthukayum cheythu. 1930-ll addeham thante aadya ooppara "trans atlaantik" pradharshippichu. american raashtreeyam, gundakal, oru baath tub rangam, kuttikalude restorant enniva ulppedunna eee kruthi frankfurt oopparayil vijayakaramaayirunnu. 1933-ll naasi party uyarcha aanthilinte "avant gaard" samgeethathe germmaniyil ishtappedaathathaakki maattukayum maandyathinte aazhathil addeham amerikkayilekku madangukayum newyork nagaratthil sthirathaamasamaakkukayum cheythu.
addeham aaveshathode american jeevithathil veendum praveshichu, kacherikal samghadippichu, aaron koplaant, wallingford reeger ennivarumaayi kammittikalil pravarthichu, piano, baale, philim skorukal ezhuthi, athupole thanne helen oof troiyekkurichulla "helen retayezhs" enna oopparayum ezhuthi; randaamathethu parajayamaayi. addehathinte samgeetham aadhunikathayude kooduthal theevramaaya vashangalil ninnu maari, kooduthal swaravum navashabdaparamaaya vashangalum addehathinte kruthikalil ippol prakadamaayirunnu.
hollywood.
1936-ll, antheel hollywoodylake yaatra cheyyukayum avide addeham oru janapriya chalachitrasamvidhaayakanaayi maarukayum sessil bii polulla samvidaayakarkkaayi 30-ladhikam skorukal ezhuthukayum cheythu. dhaa scoundrel" (1935), "dhaa plainsman" (1936) ennivayulppede demil, nicolas reey. 1937ll peettar enna makan janichu. aadhunika sangeethathodu eee vyavasaayam sathrutha pularthunnuvennu kandethiya aantheyil, ithu oru "adanja nirddeshamaanennu" paraathippedukayum mikka pashchaathala skorukalum "aniyanthrithamaaya trip" ennu visheshippikkukayum cheythu. enchals ovar broadway" (1940), "spector oof dhii rooss" (1946) thudangiya srishtikal nalkunnathinaayi addeham benn hechineppolulla kooduthal swatantra nirmmaathaakkale kooduthal aasrayikkunnu. humphry bogart abhinayicha "demensia" (1955), "inn eiii lonly plays" (1950) ennee swatantra chithrangalude samgeethavum addeham rachichu. durbalamaaya oru sinimaye rakshikkanulla thante samgeethathinte kazhivil aanthelin aathmavishwaasamundaayirunnu. "njaan thanne angane paranjaal, njaan chila parajayangal rakshichu".
sinimakalkkaayi skorukal ezhuthunnathinupurame, baale, aarr symphonykal ennivayulppede mattu samgeethangal addeham rachichu; addehathinte pilkkala kruthikal kooduthal romaantik shailiyilaayirunnu, koodaathe procofeave, shostakovichu, jaas ulppedeyulla american samgeetham ennivayaal swaadheenikkappettu. serenade nambar polulla pravartthanangal. 1, piano sonaatta nambar. 1948ll ezhuthiya "anubhavathinte ganangal", "shelliyilninnulla ettu sakalangal" enniva "kazhinja aranoottaandile aadhunika skoolukalilninnu ennethanne verpeduthaanum enikkum enikku chuttumullavarkkum vikasithamaaya raagathe, yadhaartha vikasanathe, swarathe, allengil mattu manassilakkaavunna roopangale bhayappedaatha oru samgeetham srishtikkaanum" svayam vivaricha aagraham kaanichu."1953ll newyorkkil nadanna addehathinte ooppara" "volpon" "mishraprathikaranangalkk vidheyamaayi, 1950kalil spain sandarshanam" "dhaa pride aandu dhaa paashan" "(1957) enna chithratthile score ulppede addehathinte avasaanathe chila kruthikale swaadheenichu". walter cronkite vivaricha "irupathaam noottaand" (1957-1966) enna avarude nyoos reel documentary philim seereesinaayi oru theem rachikkaan cbs television netvarkkil ninnulla oru commission addeham sweekarichu.
mattu thalpparyangal.
samgeethathinu purame, aantelinu mattu niravadhi thalpparyangal undaayirunnu. 1930-ll, stesi bishop enna nilayil, addeham isra poundine adisthaanamaakkiyulla oru kathaapaathrathode "iruttile maranam" enna peril oru kolapathaka rahasyam ezhuthi. 1936 muthal 1940 vare "moden music" maasikayude chalachithra sangeetha reporter niroopakanum aaya addeham, sajeeva chinthaneeyavumaaya kolangal ezhuthukayum, vyavasaya mekhala kooduthal "aadhunika" skorukalumaayi pranayathilaaya oru kaalaghattatthil samgeethajnjarudeyum samgeethasamvidhaayakarudeyum varavum pravartthanangalum shradhikkukayum cheythu. ennirunnaalum, addeham niraasanaakukayum "puthiya samgeethasamvidhaayakarum puthiya ashayangalum upayogichu valia thothil chelavazhichathinu sesham, eluppavum urappullathumaya skorukal nirmmikkunnathinulla pazhaya kaliyilekku hollywood thirichetthi" ennu ezhuthukayum cheythu."
randaam lokamahaayudhathinu munbu, naasi germmaniyil nirodhichirunna kaathe colvits polulla kalaasrishtikalude pradarshanangal nadathikkondu addeham hollywood aanti-naasi leagil pankedutthu. varaanirikkunna yudhathinte roopam" enna thalakkettil addeham yuddha pravachanangalude oru pusthakavum prasidheekarichu.
1945ll addeham "baad booy oof music" enna peril oru ormmakkurippu prasidheekarichu, athu bestt sellaraayi maari.
desheeyathalathil syndicated pathra bandha upadesha kolavum "esquire", "koronatt" thudangiya maasikakalil pathiv kolangalum aantheyil ezhuthi. sthree endocrinology vidagdhanaayi addeham svayam kanakkaakkukayum "dhii grantbook phoor dhii questing aann" polulla thalakkettukalulla sthreekalude roopathe grandhi phalangale adisthaanamaakki avarude labhyatha engane nirnnayikkaamennathinekku lekhanangalude oru parambara ezhuthukayum cheythu. grandhi criminal" enna mattoru pusthakathinu "oro manushyan swantham kuttaanveshakan" enna thalakkett nalki.
freekwansi-hopping spread-spectrum kandupidutham.
eee pradeshathe aanthelinte thaalparyam addehathe heady lamar enna nadiyumaayi bandhappedaan kaaranamaayi, avar thante mukal shareerathinte melbhaagam engane mechappeduthaam ennathinekkurichu addehathinte upadesham thedi. addeham grandhikalude sathil ninnu nirddeshichuvenkilum avarude sambhashanam pinneedu torpidokalilekku neengi.
randaam lokamahaayudhasamayathu, orotta radio niyantritha torpido shatru kappalukalkk saaramaayi kedupaadukal varuthukayo mungukayo cheiyumennu lamror manassilakki. ennirunnaalum, eee radio niyantritha torpidokal eluppathil kandethaanum jaam cheyyaanum kazhiyum, niyanthrana signalinte aavruthiyilulla edapedal prakshepanam cheiyunnathiloode torpidoyude gathi maarunnu.
freekwansi hopping upayogikkuka enna ashayam aantheyilum lamar vikasippichu eee saahacharyathil oru player piano roll upayogichu spectrathile 88 freekwansikalude paridhikkullil cheria pottitherikalil kantrol sentarinum torpedoic idayil ayacha signal kramarahithamayi maattunnu (88 karuppum veluppum keekal piano keyboardilaan). freekwansikalude kramathinaayulla nirddishta coode controlling kappalilum torpidoyilum orepole kaivasham vaykkum. ithu adisthaanaparamaayi signal encrypt cheythu, kaaranam ithinu valareyadhikam vaidyuthi aavasyamullathinaal 88 freekwansikalum scan cheyyaanum jaam cheyyaanum shathruvin asaadhyamaayirunnu. thante "baale mechanic" score cheyyaan munbu upayogichirunna oru player-piano samvidaanam upayogichu freekwansi-hopping sequence anthyl niyanthrikkum.
1942 august 11 nuu antailinum akkaalathe laamaarinte vivahanaamamaaya "heady keysler markey" ykkum anumathi nalki. freekwansi hoppinginte eee aadyakaala pathipp puthumayullathaanenkilum taamasiyaathe yuu. esil ninnu ethirppu nerittu.ezz. navikasena sweekarikkapettilla.
1962ll yuu. ezz. upayogikkunnathuvare eee ashayam amerikkayil nadappakkiyittilla.ezz. pettant kaalavadhi kazhinjathinu sesham cubayude uparodhathinide sainika kappalukal. orupakshe vikasanathile eee kaalathamasam kaaranam, 1997 vare pettant ariyapettirunnilla, electronic frontier foundeshan lamarinu avarude sambhaavanakalkk oru vaikiyulla award nalki. 1998ll, oru ottaava wireless teknolaji developer, vaii-laan ink., lamril ninnu velippeduthaatha stokku thukaykku deerghakaala kaalavadhiyulla pettantinu 49 sathamaanam claim nedi. blutooth, vaifai network kanakshanukalil upayogikkunna kfdm, chila cordless, wireless telephonukalil upayogikkunna cdma thudangiya aadhunika spread-spectrum ashayavinimaya saankethikavidyayumaayi lamarinteyum aanthilinteyum freekwansi-hopping skeem chila ashayangal pankidunnu. blackwell, martin, vernum ennivayude 1920 pettant rahasya ashayavinimaya samvidaanam (1598673) torpidokalude svayambharana niyanthranathinulla saankethikavidyakal upayogicha keyslerinteyum aanthilinteyum pettantinteyum ashayavinimaya adithara paakunnathayi thonnunnu.
pinneedulla jeevitam.
newyork sitti baroo oof manhattanil hridayaaghaathathe thudarnnu aantheyil marichu. addehathinte paarambaryatthil moonnu pragatbharaaya vidyaarthikal ulppedunnu, henry braant, benchamin lease, rooth vaitt. nyoojezhsiyile trentanilulla reverview semitheriyilaan addehathe samskarichathu.
saahithyathil.
"aanteel ente bharthaavaanu."srimati. makisko rosemaryilekku velluvili niranja reethiyil thirinju, "aanteel aandu joys". hollywoodile itharakkaarekkurichu ningal kooduthal kettittundennu njaan karutunnilla, pakshe amerikkayil prathyakshappetta "yulisasine" kurichulla aadya vimarsanam ente bharthaavaanu ezhuthiyathu."(eph. scott fittsjerald, "tender ees dhaa naitt")

