
poochayum eliyum (aadukal)

britiish naadakakrithaaya gregory mottan 1995ll rachicha naadakamaanu kyaatt aandu mouse (sheep). britiish samoohathile idathum valathum ithu aakshepahaasyamaakkunnu. paareesile odiyoon-thiyettar dii ell europil ithu pradarshippikkukayum pinneedu brittanil gettu thiyettaril hrasvamaayi pradarshippikkukayum cheythu.pinneedu ithu brittanu purathu maathramaan avatharippichathu. oberon bukkukalaanu ithu prasidheekarikkunnathu. naadakatthil, yaadhaasthithikavum muthalaalithaparavum samakalikavumaaya idathupaksha raashtreeyam layippikkukayum apakeerthippeduthukayum cheiyunnu, avarude swabhaavathilum uthbhavathilum madhyavargamaayi thirichariyappedukayum thozhilaallivarga thaalpparyangalodu sathrutha pulartthukayum cheiyunnu.
idatharam raashtreeyathil ninnu vyathyasthamaaya thozhilaallivarga thaalpparyangalkk naadakam nalkia oonnal, ippol vishaalamaayi charcha cheyyappedukayum laber partikkullil ulppede oru paridhivare amgeekarikkappedukayum cheytha oru prathibhaasamaan, adutha dashakathil rashtreeya ramgathu aadhipathyam sthaapikkunnathil vijayicha laber party uyarnnuvarunna madhyavarga neethrthwathe kendreekarichulla oru samayat britiish naadaka pravartthakarude abhiprayavumaayi shakthamayi virudhamaayirunnu. kyaatt aandu mouse (sheep) britiish theaterukalil mottante prarambha janapreethiyude avasaanathe adayaalappeduthi; 1992 ll ezhuthiyappol oru thiyettar maanejmentum eee naadakam amgeekarichilla, orikkalum brittanil nirmmichittilla. athuvare mottante pradhana naadakangal ezhuthi pathinettu maasathinullil rajakeeya kottaratthilo reverside studiyokalilo, heymarket theaterilo, leasesterilo nirmmikkappettirunnu. oru videsha nirmmaanatthil aarr prakadanangalkkayi poochayum eliyum (aadukal) brittanil kaanunnathin munbu naalu varsham kaathirikkendivannu.
aadya uthpaadanam.
"kyaatt aandu mouse (sheep)" enna chithram paareesile thiyettar dii ell europe eiii ell oodiyoonilum grigory mottan samvidaanam cheytha ramin grayilum kevin mcmonagle, tonny roar, penelope diamond, patrick bridgeman ennee abhinethaakkalkkoppam engleeshil samvidaanam cheythu. maarksist samvidaayakanaaya bernard sobel nadathunna paareesile thiyettar dii jenevilliyezhsil franch abhinethaakkalumaayi athe samvidaayakar pinneedu ithu samvidaanam cheythu.
athe oodiyoon nirmmaanam pinneedu aarr notting hill prakadanangalkkayi gettu theaterilekku kondupoyi, kevin mcmonagle eee prakadanangalkku labhyamayirunnilla, koodaathe jengisinte bhagam nadi rudy davis avatharippichu.
sandarbhavum praadhaanyavum.
"pothuve saahitya, kalaa samghadanakalilum prathyekichu britiish naadaka sthaapanangalilum, oru parambaraagatha, appozhekkum madhyavargathilppetta, idathupakshathinte pathipp erekkure nissaaramaayi kaanappedukayum prakadippikkukayum cheytha oru samayat 'poochayum eliyum (aadukal)' enna nilapaadinu sradheyamaanu, ennirunnaalum naadakavediyum mattu maanejmentukalum nadatthiya thiranjeduppukal mottante puthiya kruthi munbu vimarshakarkk orupole undaayirunnathupole maanejmentukalil janapreeti nediyirunnilla, koodaathe franch panatthil dhanasahayam nalkunna oru nirmmaanatthil 'videsha' naadakangalude paripaadiyude bhaagamaayi maathrame brittanil eee naadakam pradarshippikkaan kazhinjulloo. 
mottante adyakaalavum otappettathumaaya vimatha shabdamaayirunnu, pakshe prasthaanatthinte dishayilulla idathuvashathulla puthiya charchayil addehathinte paarshwavalkkaranam kaaranam parimithamaaya falapraapthiyullathaayirunnu. "madhyavarga neethrthwam laber party niyanthranam sthaapichappol, 1997-ll tonny blairinte keezhil kendra-idathu sarkkar roopeekarikkunnathinu anchu varsham munbu, jeremi corbinte neethrthwathe chuttipattiyulla, prasthaanatthinte niyanthranathinum dishaykkum vendiyulla thozhilaallikalile samgharshathinte avasana ghattathinu onnara pathittaand munbu, moton mattullavarum pinneedu lekhanangalil athe prakriyayude avasaanamaayi visheshippichappol, 'kyaatt aandu mouse (sheep)' ezhuthappettu.
ore kathaapaathrangal upayogichukondu aaa rachayithaav nadatthiya naalu aakshepahasyangalil aadyathethaanu poochayum eliyum (aadukal). pigmikalil jengikal", "sooryanil oru avadhi", "europile balaalsangam" ennivayaanu mattullava."
eee naadakavum parambarayile thudarnnulla moonnu naadakangalum, idathumunnaniyude abhiprayappattikayaayi upayogapradamaanu, ennirunnaalum idathupaksha sthaapanathil janapreeti nediyilla, aaa naadakangal brittanilum videshathumulla paavappettavarude ettavum thaazhnna vibhaagangalude duravasthayil shradha kendreekarikkukayum, idatharam vottarmaare aakarshicha linga, vamseeya raashtreeyathinte kooduthal janapriya vishayangal ozhivaakkukayo parihasikkukayo cheiyunnu-koodaathe thiyettar prekshakarkkum maanejmentukalkkum. vidoora kizhakk mekhalayile vilakuranja thozhilaallikale chooshanam cheiyunnathil kaapatyavum pankaalitthavum aaropikkunna, prathyekichu madhyavarga upabhokthaakkalodu kuttappeduthunna swaram sweekarikkaanum naadakangal pravanatha kaanichu. chila pramukha franch nirmmanangal nadannittum eee naadakangal orikkalum brittanil nirmikkappettilla.
madhyavarga niyantritha edathupakshathodulla mottante thuranna ethirppum "ningale veendum nokkunnathu (punarujjeevippichu)" polulla naadakangalile addehathinte muun rashtreeya ganarachanayil ninnu rashtreeya aakshepahaasyathilekkalu maattavum eee naadakam adayaalappeduthunnu. ithinethudarnnu "naadakatthilum kalayilum idathumunnani madhyavargangale sahayikkuka", "thozhilaalivarggathinu pakaram oru thozhil" thudangiya kruthikalil neraaya vivaadangalilekkulla mattoru neekkam nadannu. randaamathethu ippol house oof koomans libraryilaanu. eee pusthakangalum avaye pinthudarunna lekhanangalum idathupaksha vaadathinte kaaryatthil thozhilaalivarggathinte vyakthamaaya nilayekkurichu oru vyakthatha nalkukayum thozhilaallivarga thaalpparyangale prathinidheekarikkunna oru swatantra rashtreeya prasthaanatthinu vendi cases idukayum cheiyunnu.
kathaapaathrangalum kathayum.
kudiyetta kadayudamayum, oru cheria svechaadhipathiyudeyum ellah thettukalum gunangalum ulla oru nayakan, oru saadhaaranakkaaranum, thante kamangalum athyagrahavum thripthippeduthaan nirantharam sramikkunna oru saadhaaranakkaaranum, ennaal valare adisthaanathvathe marikadakkunnathum muthalaalikaludeyum madhyavarga idathupakshakkaarudeyum balaalsangavum kazhivum, thante prakopanatthinum roshathinum 'aadyam avide athiyathaayi thonnunna' chenkis khaan enna kathaapaathrathe eee naadakam avatharippikkunnu.
oru britiish-pakistani, kadayudama, jengikal thante airish ammaavanodoppamaanu thaamasikkunnath. 
asukhakaramaaya madhyavayaskan 'ellah puthiya pravanathakalum pinthudaraan thaalpparyappedunnu', avante engleesh, vivekashaliyum athyagrahiyum kaamasakthayumaaya kanyaka ammayiyum. ayalkkaaranumaayi vilayudham aarambhikkumbol bhaarya indira udan thanne avane upekshikkunnu, pakshe avan raajyathinte muzhuvan svechaadhipathiyaayi maarunnu. krithrimabudhiyulla ammavanteyum ammavanteyum upadesham addehathinu labikkukayum addehathinte dursaahasangal thudarnnullathum bhayankaravumaaya kavi, dickvits rekhappeduthukayum cheiyunnu. daaridryavum daaridryavum anjjathayum anubavikkunna oru janathaykku aanandam pakaruna muthalaalithathinteyum rashtreeya krithyathayudeyum ettavum mosham adikamaaya idathinteyum valathuvinteyum mishrithangalude parihaasangalaan jengikalude nayangal. addehathe paraajayappeduthaan bhaarya oru valia senayude thalayil madangukayum thookkumaratthinte thookkumarathinu abhimukhamaayi oru kaserayil gengikal ("pigmikalkkidayilulla gengikal" enna parambarayude adutha bhaagathil oru fashion aaksasariyaayi maarunna thookumara) kalii avasaanikkukayum cheiyunnu.
sweekaranam.
muun naadakangalude sveekaaryathaykku anusrithamaayi brittanil vimarsanaathmaka sweekaranam sammishramaayirunnu, chilarkk ithu manassilakkaan kazhiyathathaayi thonni. dhaa guardian" ennathinte maikkal billington oru 'skaattargan saankethikatha' yekkurichu paraathippedukayum mottane 'maarksist pravanathakalulla oru asambandhavaadi' ennu vilikkukayum briteeshukaarekkaal europian prekshakarkku anuyojyanaanennu parayukayum cheythu. 
ennirunnaalum "enthaanu oonn" ennathinulla rogger phoos ezhuthi
eee raajya naadakatthinte eee gambheeraavasthayude pradarshanathinaayi gregory motoninu paareesilekk pokendivannappol athu ethratholam pravachanatheethavum vichitravumaaya britiish naadakamaayi mariyirikkunnu ennathinte soochanayaanu. nammude swantham naadakasthaapanam eathaandu poornnamaayum avaganicha mottan europil valareyadhikam vilamathikkappedunnu, nilavil fraansil brittanile ettavum mikacha naadakakrithu aanu. ennaal gettinte udghaadana dvivatsara season kaaranam landankaarkk eathenkilum vrithiyulla vargeekaranathe poornnamaayum dhikkarikkunna oru savishesha shabdam kelkkaan avasaramund. sangalppikkaavunna ellah thalangalilum aakshepahasyavum haasyavum manassine alattunna ithellaam oru savisheshamaaya naadakaanubhavam nalkunnu.athinusesham naadakangal orikkalum pazhayathupole aayirikkilla.
athinte swaadheenam anukoolamaayi amithamaayi kanakkakkunnu.
"mottan swabhaavaparamaayi iconoclastic, stridant roopathilaanu" ennu paranjappol mikka prekshakarkkum anubhavapetta dishaahithyam "swatantra" orupakshe samgrahichu. njettal, jijnjasa, athbhuthakaramaaya ullaasathinte pottitherikal, prakopippikkal, pettennulla vyakthatha, ashayakkuzhappam, kooduthal vinodam enniva ningal aasvadikkunnu. manahpoorvvam avyakthamaaya vaakkupraayathinte kadalil ninnu rashtreeya aakshepahaasyathinte prakopithavum adamantainumaaya block uyarnnuvannappol, athu athishayakaramaan, pakshe "purogathi allengil pirimurukkam moolam ozhivaakkaatha chila ekathaanathayekkurichu parathippettu" ennu ooldi paranju, "pintar inn reverse, joou oorttan accelered, tii.ezz.eliot "kaalikamaayi" valarthiyappol harrold pintar thanne ezhuthukaaranu oru kathu ezhuthi, addeham naadakam aaswadichuvennum "ningalude kaimuttinu kooduthal shakti" nerunnuvennum paranju.
vimarsanangal.
theaterinaayi mottan ezhuthiya "kyaatt aandu elikal (aadukal)" thiyettar maanejmentukaleyum vimarsakareyum chila prekshakareyum ethirkkukayum ambarappikkukayum cheythu. rachayithaav ithinakam athichernna oru sthaanathu ninnaan eee kruthi varunnath, thante kaazhchappaad pankidaan prekshakare nayikkendathinte aavasyakathayil elavukalonnum nalkunnilla. pakaram, pettennu apakeerthippeduthappedu parihasikkappedukayum cheiyunna aashayangalumayi yojikkan shanikkunnuvennu karuthi prekshakare kabalippichu avare neridaanum nanam keduthaanum athu manahpoorvvam shramikkunnu. eee prakriyayaan naadakatthinu athinte thalakkett nalkunnathu, athesamayam athu vyakthamaayi aashayakkuzhappathilaakaathppath njettikkunnathum rasakaravumaan, prekshakare vijayikkaan valare kuravaanu. thathfalamaayundaakunna samgharsham ezhuthukaaran munnott pookaan nirddeshikkunna kaazhchappaadukale phalapradamaayi nishabdamaakkiya oru sathrutha srishtikkunnu. vijayakaramaayi ashayavinimayam nadathaanulla naadakatthinte parajayam prakadavum maarakavumaya oru thettayi thudarunnu. athinte parajayam antharnirmmithamaanennu thonnunnu.
television aakshepahaasyangalo novalukalo ezhuthunnathiloode britiish naadakavediyude rashtreeya nirddeshaathmakavum aupachaarikavumaaya yaadhaasthithika swabhaavam addehathinu ozhivaakkaamaayirunnu.

