luther voos bell

luther voos bell, emm.dii. (1806-februvari 11,1862) 1844ll philadelphiyayil yogam chernna pathimoonnu mental hospital sooprandukalil oraalaayirunnu, association oof medical sooprandukal oof american institutions phoor dhii inson (amsai), ippol american cycatric association, american aikyanaadukalile aadyathe medical speciality sosaitti. 1837 muthal 1855 vare bostaninaduthulla shudhamaaya abhayakendrathinte suuprandum koodiyaayirunnu addeham.
aadyakaala jeevitam.
stettu govarnorude makan rund thavana yuu. eiii. yumayi nyoo hamshareile france tounilaanu bell janichathu.ezz. senattar saamuval bell. ilaya sahodaran joninoppam masaachyusetsile andoverile phillips academyil oru varshatholam bell chernnu. 12-aamm vayassil addeham bodoin collegil praveshikkukayum 1823-ll birudam nedukayum cheythu. thante mootha sahodaran johninte keezhil vaidyashaasthram padikkaan addeham newyorkkilekku pookukayum pinneedu 1826-ll dartmouth collegil ninnu medical birudam nedukayum cheythu. cheruppam kaaranam, 1831-ll nyoo hamshareile deriyilekku madangukayum medical practies sthaapikkukayum cheiyunnathuvare addeham newyorkkil bisinessil jolie cheythu.
doctor.
1830-kalil harward medical school vaagdaanam cheytha booy lesttan sammaanathinaayi bell lekhanangal samarppichu. 1835-ll bhakshanathekkurichulla oru lekhanathiloode addeham sammanam nedi, 1836-ll, "aantharika avayavangalude avastha paryavekshanam cheiyunnathinulla marggangal vaidyashaasthrathil ethratholam upayogapradavum pradhaanavumaanennu kanakkaakkappedunnu?"
vaidyashaasthrathinu purame, raashtreeyathilum pothupadaviyilum sevanamanushtikkunna kudumbapaarambaryavum addeham thudarnnu. nyoo hamshareil samsthaana prathinidhiyayi thiranjedukkappetta addeham nyoo hamshareile bhraanthante avastha anweshikkunnathinulla niyamanirmmaana samithiyil sevanamanushtichu. oru samsthaana sthaapanathinaayi addeham shakthamayi lobby cheythu. 1838ll samsthaana niyamasabha yojichu nirmmaanathinu amgeekaaram nalkukayum 1842ll athu thurakkukayum cheythappol addeham vijayichu. addeham raashtreeyamaayi sajeevamaayi thudarnnu 1852ll masaachyusetsil oru seettinum 1856ll govarnorinum vendiyulla pracharanam, randum parajayappettu.
doow. nyoo hamshareile oru samsthaana maanasika sthaapanathinaayulla bellinte sramangal annathe sooprandinte maranashesham clean shelaaminte trasttikalkku ariyapettu. 1836ll bell niravadhi trasttikale kaanaan bostanilekku pookukayum board addehathinu aaa sthaanam vaagdaanam cheyyukayum cheythu. addeham athu sweekarikkukayum mattu abhayakendrangalilekku yaatra cheyyaan thudangukayum cheythu. masaachyusetsile vorsestarile abhayakendrangal, connectikkattile hartford retreat, newyorkkile bloomingdale bhraanthan abhayam enniva addeham sandarshichu. 1836 februvariyil addeham clean shelamil chumathalayettu.
masaachyusetsile aadyathe maanasika aashupathriyaayirunnu masaachyusets general hospitalinte anubandha sthaapanamaayi 1818 ll doow. rufus vaiman (1818-1835). englandile bhookambakkaar sthaapicha "dhaarmika chikitsa" ennariyappedunna oru chikitsa paripadi vaiman sthaapichu. bell eee chikitsa reethi thudarnnu. 1833ll samsthaanathinte aabhimukhyathil vorsttar abhayakendram sthaapichathu daridraraaya rogikale shuchithvathil ninnu thirichuvittu, ithu avideyulla jeevanakkaare kooduthal sambannaraaya rogikale chikilsikkaanum rogikalkku thozhilum vinodavum ulppedeyulla sukhasoukaryangal nalkaanum anuvadichu. mccleanil suuprand enna nilayil, ashupatri vaayusanjaarathil bellinu thaalpparyamundaayirunnu, 1848 ll eee vishayathil masaachyusets medical sosaitiye vaarshika prasangam avatharippichu.
masaachyusets kodathikalude forencic examineraayi bell sevanamanushtichu. 1850ll sikshikkappetta kuttavaalikalkk mapp nalkanamennu apekshicha kesukalil govarnore upadesikkunnathinulla executive kammittiyil addeham amgamaayi. 1853-ll, maanasikarogatthinte lakshanagal prakadippicha jaile prathikale parisodhikkunnathinum maanasikaroga kesukal svayambhogam moolamaanennu aaropikkunnathinum addehathe oru kammeeshanar bordilekku niyamichu. niyamichu bellinu aathmeeyathayil thaalpparyamundaayi. aamsaayiyude vaarshika yogangalil addeham eee vishayathil rund thavana avatharanangal nadatthi. shaasthreeya gaveshanathinaanu addeham thaalparyam prakadippichathenkilum vasthunishtamaaya kandethalukalude abhavam thante thaalparyam upekshikkaan addehathe prerippichu. abhayakendrangalude vaasthuvidya, maanasika aashupathrikalude sthithivivarakkanakkukal, rogikalkku niyanthranangal earppeduthunnathu, medical niyamashaasthrathinte vashangal ennivayekkurichu addeham prabandhangal ezhuthunnathu thudarnnu. addehathinte oru prabandham addeham nireekshicha oru puthiya tharam unmaadathe vivarichu, athine hrasvamaayi 'bells mania' ennu vilichirunnuvenkilum ithu pinneedu aprathyakshamaayi.
1844-ll, rooad dveepile nirddishta buttler abhayakendrathinte trasttikal europile abhayakendrangal sandarshikkaan belline anuvadikkanamennum thudarnnu puthiya buttler aashupathriyude upadeshtaavaayi pravarthikkanamennum clean trasttikalodu aavasyappettu. mcclean shelaaminte board oof trasttikal bellinu avadhi nalkukayum englandilum fraansilum paryadanam nadathukayum cheythu. madangiyethiyappol, bellinu buttler abhayakendrathil suuprand sthaanam vaagdaanam cheythenkilum athu nirasikkukayum shudhamaaya nilayil thudarukayum cheythu.
dhaarmika chikilsayude falapraapthiyil uracha vishwaasiyaayirunnu bell. addeham dorothea dixinu ezhuthi, "ellah varshavum... mikkavarum ellah tharatthilulla manasikarogangalkkum sajeevamaaya vaidyachikithsayilulla ente aathmavishwaasam kuraykkaanum dhaarmika maargangale aashrayikkunnath vardhippikkaanum ithu sahayichu."
aamsayiyil bell sajeevamaayirunnu. addeham vais presidentaayum (1850-1851) presidentaayum (1851-1855) sevanamanushtichu. 1857ll masaachyusets medical sosaittiyude presidentaayi addeham sevanamanushtichu. 
mcclainil addehathinte bharanakaalathu, bellinte ezhu makkalil moonnu perr marikkukayum bhaarya prasavathil marikkukayum cheythu. pneumonia haemoptisis addehathinu undaayirunnu. 1856-ll addeham masaachyusetsile chaalstounil ninnu viramikkukayum bunker hill smaarakathinte sthalamaaya smaaraka squareil oru veedu nirmmikkukayum cheythu. richard malloryude oru chithrathilullathupole, shudhamaaya abhayakendrathinu kizhakkulla eee veedinte sthaanam, abhayakendram kaanaan padinjarottu nokkaan maniye praapthamakki. oru varshathinusesham clean shelmile addehathinte pingaamikal marichappol, oru puthiya sooprandine niyamikkunnathuvare thante sthaanam punaraarambhikkaan trasttikal bellinode aavasyappettu. naalu maasatholam addeham avide thaamasichu.
yuu yude varavode.ezz. aabhyantharayudhathil, yuu. esil oru sarjan enna nilayil oru commission bell apekshichu.ezz. sainyathe niyamikkukayum masaachyusets sannadhapravarthakarude pathinonnaamatthe rejimentilekku niyamikkappedukayum cheythu. virjeeniyayile kaalayude oottathil addeham pankedutthu. joonn pii. ulppede yudhakkalathinaduthula oru palliyil parikketta niravadhi sainikare bell chikilsichu. meed, pinneedu thante murivukalkk keezhadangi. bell pinneedu meedinte bhaaryaykk deseeya aarkkaivukalil ippol chalippikkunna oru kathu ezhuthi, athu joonn baanksinte aabhyanthara yuddha bloggle kaanaan kazhiyum. general joseph hookarude keezhil pathinonnam rejimentil division sarjan thasthikayilekku bell munneri. 1862 februvariyil addeham rogabadhithanaakukayum marikkukayum cheythu. doow. masaachyusetsile kembridjile moundu abarn semitheriyilaan bell samskarichirikkunnath. addehathinte shavakudeeram mistalto paathayilaanu sthithi cheiyunnathu. addehathinte adutha kudumbatthinte smaarakathinaduthayi sthithi cheiyunna bellinte oru foto oru pathaaka kondu adayaalappeduthiyiriknu.
doow. aamsaayiyude pathimoonnu sthaapakaril oralaaya isak reey, "doow. luther vii. 1862-leeii vaarshika yogathil addeham vaayicha bell. doow. munny kadannupokunnu.
paraamarshangal.
 3. phillips academyude jeevacharitraparamaaya kaattalog, 1778-1830, andavar, maa, 1903, peju. 94.

