
rotterdam metro

rotterdam, netherlands, chuttumulla munisippaalittikal ennividangalil pravartthikkunna oru druthagathiyilulla gathagatha samvidaanamaanu rotterdam metro (). noord-suidlijn" (vadakku-thekk line) ennu vilikkunna aadya line 1968 ll thurakkukayum central steshanil ninnu suidpleanilekku neevu maas nadhi kadannu oru thurankathil oodukayum cheythu. netherlandil thuranna aadyathe metro samvidaanamaayirunnu ithu. akkaalat ithu lokathile ettavum cheria metro lainukalil onnaayirunnu, athinte neelam verum.
1982ll cappelsebruggin coolhaven steshanukalkkum idayil oodunna "oostt-vestt lijn" (kizhakk-padinjaaru line) enna randaamathe line thurannu. 1990 kalude avasaanathil, rund charitraparamaaya rotterdam pouranmaarude perilaanu eee lineukal ariyappettirunnath, desiderius iraasmasinu sesham irasmus line (vadakku-thekk), peettar calendinu sesham calland line (kizhakk-padinjaaru). 2009 desember vareyulla kanakkukal prakaram, prathyeka shaakhakal, prathyekichu muun kizhakkan-padinjaaran rekhakal thammilulla vyathyasam oonnipparayunnathinum vyakthamakkunnathinum aksharangaludeyum nirangaludeyum samyojanathinu anukoolamaayi eee perukal veendum ozhivaakki.
varikal.
eiii, bii ennee varikal.
rotardaaminte vadakkukizhakkan bhaagath, eiii, bii shaakhakal binnenhoff (line eiii), neslaant (line bii) ennividangalilekku. randaamathethu 2005 septambar muthal neettiyittundu; aaa theeyathikku munbu, eee line dii tochtenil avasaanippichu.
dii tochen-neslaant sekshan ozhikeyulla capelsebrug steshanu vadakkum shadam centrum steshanu padinjaarum, eiii, bii lineukalkku chila level crossingukalundu (mungananayode), athinaal metroic pakaram laitt reyil ennu vilikkam. eee vibhagangalil overhead vayarukalum undu, athesamayam sisttathinte bhooribhaagathinum moonnaamathe reyil undu (mattoru apavaadam line iii (randstad reyil) muthal hage vare). ennirunnaalum, laitt reyil enna padam rotterdamil upayogikkunnilla; mikka aalukalum eee shaakhakale metro ennu vilikkunnu.
2019 septambar 30 vareyulla kanakkanusarichu bii line shadam-hoock vaan holland railway lainumaayi bandhippichirikkunnu, ithu metro shringhala hollandinte (hoock vaan holland) hook vare vyaapippikkunnu, athesamayam eiii line eee lainil vlardingen vestt vare pravartthikkum, 2019 november 1 muthal.
line sii.
capelsebragil, pradhana kizhakk-padinjaaru bhaagath ninnu capell aan denne ijselil dii terp vare line sii shaakhakal. 2002 november vare, calendlijn (ippol eiii, bii, sii ennee varikal) rotardaaminte padinjaaru marconiplinil avasaanichu. 2002 november 4 nuu skeedam nagaratthiloode spijkeniseyilekkulla oru vipuleekaranam thurannu. skaydaamile naalu puthiya steshanukalum (skaydam centrum steshan ulppede) pernisile oru steshanum vipuleekaranathil ulppedunnu. hoopliyettile tussenwater steshanil line sii line diyil cherunnu. eiii, bii lineukal sheeyadam-hoock vaan holland reyilveyilekku pookumbool, sii lainilulla trainukal thudarukayum dii lainilullathupole spijkenisile dii akkezhs steshanil avasaanikkukayum cheiyunnu.
line dii.
rotterdam centraalil ninnu bear, sling, ruun, tussenwater, spijkenisse centrum ennivayiloode dii akkezhsilekku line dii oodunnu.
beyezhs steshanil eiii, bii, sii ennee lainukalumaayi dii line murichukadakkunnu. 2011 desemberil rotterdam centraalil line iii-yumayullah kanakshan yaadhaarthyamaakunnathinu munbu, chila line dii trainukal tirakkeriya samayangalil slingle avasaanippichu.
line iii.
2006ll railway lainil ninnu rapid traansit lainayi muun hofflinliginte nerittulla parivarthanamaanu line iii. laan vaan noyikkum leadshendom-woorberghin edayilulla roottinte bhagam soyettarmeer stadslijan vazhi soyettarmeerilekk pookunna hagg tram shringalayil ninnu rund roottukalil laitt reyil vaahanangalumaayi pankidunnu. eee sevanangalellaam randstad reyil brandinginu keezhilaanu.
thurakkunna samayat, pazhaya hoflin steshan thaalkkaalikamaayi laininte thekkan terminasaayi nilanirtthi. ennirunnaalum, 2010 august 17 nuu, oru puthiya thurankam thurannu, ithu rotterdam centraalile metro steshane oru puthiya thurankathiloodeyum puthiya blijdorp steshaniloodeyum melanchthanveg steshanu sameepamulla nilavilulla tracukalumaayi bandhippikkunnu.
adutha varsham rotterdam central steshanil line dii muthal line iii vare bandhippikkunnathinulla pravartthanangal purogamikkukayaayirunnu. 2011 desemberil eee padhathi poorthiyaayathinushesham, denne hagg centralil ninnu varunna ellah trainukalum slingle avasaanikkunnu (iva line iii trainukalaanu), athesamayam line dii dii akkezhsinum rotterdam centralinum idayil sarvees thudarunnu.
laininte vadakkan terminus denne hagg centraalile muun railway plaattphomukal upayogichu, avaa ensil ninnu paarambaryamaayi labhichathum 1975 muthal upayogathilundaayirunthum denne hagg hollands spoorile muun terminasil ninnu maattiyathumaan. 2016 februvari 12 vare eee plaattphomukal upayogathilundaayirunnu. railway plaattfomukalkku sameepamulla uyarnna vayadakttil nirmmicha oru puthiya steshante nirmmaanam poortthiyaakumbol ivideyum laan vaan noyikkum edayilulla line adachu. 2016 august 22naanu ithu udghaadanam cheythath.
rolling stokku.
5300, 5400, 5500, 5600, 5700 ennee trainukal bombardier flexity swifttukalaanu. 2007num 2009num idayil nirmmicha 5500 trainukalude parambara puthiya randstad reyil laininaayi nirmmichathaanu. pazhaya duvag stokkinu (seerees 5200) pakaramaan <aii. dii. 1> trainukal nirmmichathu. 2013ll, hooks line ekstenshanil pravartthikkaan esji 3 stokkinte 16 adhika vaahanangalkk oordar nalkiyathaayi rettu prakhyaapichu. 2015ll randstad reyil branchil sheshi vardhippikkaan aarr vaahanangalkk koodi utharavittu. 2015num 2017num idayil echsji3 ennu vilikkunna eee 22 vaahanangalude vitharanam nadannu.
avalokanam.
hoock vaan holland strandilekkulla line bii ekstanshan 2022-ll thurakkum. 2015-ll, eiii, bii, sii lainukalil prathidinam ekadesham 175,000 rydermar undaayirunnu. dii, iii ennee lainukalil 1,45,000 perr undaayirunnu.
bhaaviyile vipuleekaranangal.
crallingse suum steshanil ninnu puthiya faijenord sitti housing eriyayilekkum thudarnnu suidplin, charlois, rotterdam central steshanilekkum oru connecting line nirmmikkanum rotterdam centralinum dordrechinum idayil naalu hevi-reyil tracukalude rund trackukal metro pravarthanatthilekku parivartthanam cheyyaanum padhathiyundu. adhika steshanukalum rund minitt edavelayil pravartthikkunna trainukalum cherkkunnathiloode gathaagathathil ganyamaaya vardhanavu prathekshikkunnu. 90 second purogathi kaivarikkunnathinu metro automate cheyyuka ennathaanu mattoru lakshyam.
traction power.
samvidaanathiludaneelam bottom kondaakt moonnaam reyil vazhi vitharanam cheiyunna 750 wolt dissy pavarilaanu trainukal oodunnathu. vaahanathinte iruvashathum onniladhikam spring loducheytha kondaakt shoos undu, avaa moonnaam reyil attangalude charinja arikukal kaaranam yaanthrikamaayi looad cheyyukayum anloducheyyukayum cheiyunnu. ithu trackinte iruvashathum reyil sthaapikkaan anuvadikkunnu, ithu pooyintukalkkum steshan plaattfomukalkkum chuttumulla oru aavasyakathayaanu. shoos onnum thalsamaya reyilveyumaayi sanbarkkam pularthaattha oru saahacharyamaya oru "gape" train ozhivakkaan iruvashathum rund reyilukalkkidayil mathiyaya ovarlaappu undu. vaidyuthaaghaatham undakanulla saadhyatha kuraykkunnathinu, reyil oru sakthamaaya manja insulating metteeriyal ulkkollunnu, athinte chuvade kattiyulla loha strippil thalsamaya vaidyuthadhaara vahikkunnu. ithu vaidyutha sanbarkkam kuraykkunnathino thadayunnathino vendi (sharatkaala elakal veezhunnathu polullava) azhukkine thadayunnu.
ennirunnaalum moonnu lainukalil overhead vayarukal upayogikkunna vibhaagangalund. eiii (binnenhofilake), bii (neslaantilekku), iii (denne hagg centraalilekku) ennivayaanu iva. eiii, bii lainukalil, vahanam capelsebrug steshanu kizhakk sanjarikkumbol trainukal avarude paantograafukal uyarthukayo thaazhthukayo cheiyunnu, athesamayam lainil iii ithu melanchtonweg steshanil nischalamaayirikkumbol sambhavikkunnu (ithu raajyathe moonnaamathe reyil blijdorp steshanilekku pookunna thurankathinu thottupurathulla kleywegil ulla eaka level crossingilekku nayikkunnu). avasaanaghatta railway steshanaaya dii tochtenil ninnu neslaantilekkulla yaathrayude avasaanakhattatthinaayi line bii trainukal moonnaam raililekku maarunnu ennathu shradhikkuka. hollandinte hook vareyulla eiii, bii lainukalude padinjaaran vipuleekaranavum nilavilulla railway lainil ninnu nerittu parivartthanam cheiyunnathinaal overhead power upayogikkunnu.
overhead vayarukal upayogikkunna metroyude bhaagangale pradeshavaasikal "sneltram" (laitt reyil) ennu vilikkunnu, kaaranam avayil theruvu thalatthil niravadhi samrakshitha level crossingukal ulppedunnu, oru parambaraagatha railway lainil ullathupole trainukal mungananayode kadannupokunnu. ekkaaranathaal, pantograph (seerees 5200,5400) ulla trainukalil mattethoru rooad vahanatheyum pole teenn signalukal sajjeekarichirikkunnu. ithu seerees 5300 umm seerees 5400 bombardier nirmmitha trainukalum thammilulla vyathyasam eluppathil kaanaan sahayikkunnu. 5500, 5600 seerees trainukalum sajjeekarichittund, ennirunnaalum aadyathethu saadhaaranayaayi line iii-yill maathrame upayogikkunnulloo, kaaranam avaa randstad reyil branding vasthrangalum vahikkunnu, randaamathethu aarr-nettintethaanu.