saan andreas uparodham (1600)

enpathu varshathe yudhathilum 1600 januvari 28 muthal march 6 vare nadanna anglo-spanish yudhathilum nadanna oru sainika sambhavamaayirunnu sint-andris uparodham ennum ariyappedunna saan andris uparodham. saan aandrisinte spanish gaarisan naasouyile mourisinte neethrthwathilulla oru anglo-dutch seena uparodhikkukayum cheythu. luis dii velascoyude neethrthwathil pravarthicha oru spanish durithaashwaasa seena uparodhakkar thirichayachathine thudarnnu kottaye mochippikkunnathil parajayappettu. kaaval seena kalapam nadathukayum mourisil ninnu panam sweekarikkukayum cheythathinetthudarnnu kotta keezhadangi.
pashchaathalam.
1599 eprilil francisco dii mendensayude neethrthwathil flaantezhsinte spanish sainyathodu bommerwardylake akramikkaan austriyan aarch duke utharavittu. spanish aakramanathe shakthippeduthunnathinaayi, avar s-hertogenboshinu vadakku crevecoir kottakalum heerewardenu sameepam fort saan andreas nirmmichu, ithu miyus (), wall nadikale avarude sookshumamaaya nireekshanatthil nilanirthaan kazhiyum. spanish sainyam saltbommel uparodhichathin thottupinnaale, nassaavuvinte anglo-dutch sainyathile mourisinu pattanatthe prathirodhikkaan kazhinju, thudarnnu spanish sainyathe marikadannu mendosa pinwangan nirbandhithanaakki. eee kanatha paraajayatthinte falamaayi kalapangal kaaranam spanish sainyam prakshubdhamaakukayum flandezhs sainyathinte thudarnnulla ellah aakramana pravartthanangalum nirtthivaykkukayum cheythu.
vyapakamaaya kalaapathe mouris muthaledutthu-aadyam addeham watchendonk thirichupidichu, thudarnnu fort vornilekku maari. avide ninnu pradeshathe spanish senayude eaka avashishtangal veendedukkunnathinaayi addeham chuttumulla pradeshathu oru akramanam aarambhichu, kottakal crevicoir, saan andreas ennividangalil. anglo-dachukaar kottayude crevicoir uparodhichu, athu gaarisan kalapam kaaranam mouris panam vaagdaanam cheythathinetthudarnnu cheria budhimuttode pidichedutthu. udan thanne addeham saan andreas kottayilekku march cheythu, athil 1,200 sainikar ulppettirunnu, avaril palarum thangalude udyogastharkkethire kalapam nadathiyenkilum thangalude kudissika adaykkunnathinulla eaka prathinjayaayi kottaye kanakkakki.
uparodham.
1600 januvari avasaanathode mouris kotta uparodhikkukayum karayilum sameepa nadikalilum karshana uparodham earppeduthukayum cheythu. ennirunnaalum, crevecoirilullavare keezhadangan prerippikkaan mouris upayogicha ellah charchakalum saan andreasile kaaval seena nirasichu. ekadesham aarr aazhchayolam anglo-dachukaare shakthamaayathum aaveshakaravumaaya prathirodhatthil gaarisan ethirthu, athesamayam uparodhakkar chuttumulla raajyatheyaake vellathinadiyilaakkaan upayogichirunna daikkukalkk chuttum svayam shakthippeduthi.
kottakalude shakthiyum dutch republicine aakramichathinu athu addehathinu nalkia valia nettavum kaaranam mendosa eee sthalathe supradhana praadhaanyamulla sthalamaayi kanakkakki. athinaal athu samrakshikkaan addeham angeyattam utsukanaayirunnu, ithinaayi addeham ezz-hertogenboshil oru senaye onnippichu. angane ekadesham 4,000 pere niyamichu, mendosa abhipraayathil eee ennam uparodham uyarthaan paryaapthamaanennu kanakkakkappettu. eee sainyathil ninnu mendosa saan andreas kottayude nirmmaanathinu melnottam vahicha luis dii velascoic command nalki. dutch thanthram pinneedu spanish kottaye 'hollandile thacol' aayi tharamthirichu.
uparodhathekkurich ketta velasco samayam paazhaakkaathe 's-hertogenboshil ninnu purappettu. ennirunnaalum, anglo-dutch kyaambinte kottayaakkal kaaranam kottakalilekkulla march cheyyaanulla addehathinte sramangal falapradamalla. koodaathe, maas muthal 's-hertogenbosh' vareyulla ellah thaazhnna pradeshangalilekkum athilekkulla ellah vazhikalum vellathinadiyilaayirunnu. addehathinte senayude oru cheria bhagam kadannupokaan kazhinjenkilum uparodhakkar avare thadayukayum oru niraye akramikkukayum cheythu. eee reportukal kettu budhimuttukal kandu velasco pinmari.
spanish kaaval seena taamasiyaathe kadutha rogaavasthayilekkum pattiniyilekkum churungukayum velascoyil ninnulla aashvaasam varathathinaal pala sainikarum kalapam nadatthaan thudangukayum cheythu. eee morris eee kottakalekkurichu kettappol ellah aayudangalum aayudangalum sahitam kottakalkkaayi 125,000 gildermar (22,500 poundu) nalkaamennu vaagdaanam cheythu. spanish udyogasthar visammathichenkilum jarmman, vaaloon sainikar marichaanu chinthichathu-avar udyogasthare niraayudharaayi, kaaval senaye ettedukkukayum, vaagdaanam sweekarikkukayum cheythu.
anantharafalangal.
angane saan andreas kotta anglo-dachukaarude kaikalil athikkukayum angane ezhu pravishyakalile avasaanathe spanish kotta thakarukayum cheythu.
kalaapakaarikal ithinakam pidikoodiya spanish udyogasthare thadavilaakkiyenkilum parolinu sesham vittayachu. bhooribhaagam spanish kaavalkkaarum samsthaanangalude sevanathilekku praveshichu; avar oru prathyeka rejimentaayi roopeekarikkappettu, avar kottayil ninnu puratthuvanna avarude parukkan roopam kaaranam sainikar avarkk "puthiya yachakar" enna peru nalki. frederic henry raajakumaarante neethrthwathil avare niyamichu.
saan aandriyaasinte patana vaartha taamasiyaathe brasselsil labikkukayum dutch republicumaayulla samaadhaanathinulla saadhyatha thakarukayum cheythu. aarch duke albert thante nirasha lerma rajakumaranodu parayukayum yuddham cheyyaan aagrahikkukayum cheythu.
saan andreas kotta pidichedukkukayum athinte athirthikal apakadarahithamaayirikkukayum cheythathode dutch republic adutha varsham catholica flandezhsil oru aakramanathmaka yudhathinu theerumaanichu. thalphalamaayi aarch duke albert naalu varshathe raktharookshithamaaya uparodhathil prathyakshamaayi uparodhikkukayum cheythu.

