aappinile klaan steevartt

pathinanjaam noottaandil sthaapithamaayathumuthal vyathyasthamaaya oru vamshamaan klaan steevartt oof aappinile padinjaaran malambradesha shaakha. skotlandile naalaamathe unnathakaaryavichaarakanaaya alexander stuvarttinte kochumakanaayirunna perstanile sarr jaims stuvarttinte pingaamikalaan avarude medhaavikal. aaraamathe unnatha steevardaaya addehathinte cussin walter steevartt, roobert dhii broose raajaavinte makalaaya marjori broosine vivaham kazhichu, avarude makan roobert randaaman aadyathe steevartt rajaavaayirunnu. appeente paricharakar rajakeeya paricharaka raajavaazhchayude cussins aanu.
charithram.
vamshathinte uthbhavam.
skotlandile naalaamathe unnatha steevardaaya alexanderinte randaamathe makan bonkilile sarr joonn stuvarttinte naalaamathe makanumaaya perstanile sarr jaims stuvarttil ninnulla vamshajayaaya klaan stuvarttinte padinjaaran hyland shaakhayaanu appin stuvarttukal. lorn prabhuvaya joonn galda mcdogalinte makal isabelle mcdogalumaayulla vivaahathiloode lornile aadyathe stuvartt lordaayi marria innarmeethile joonn stuvarttinte muthachanaayirunnu sarr jaims. lornile moonnaamathe stuvartt lorderaaya sarr joonn stuvarttinu lorneyude prabhuthathvam rund thalamurakal koodi kaimari.
scotish padinjaaran theerathu thekk benderlockinum vadakku balachulish idungiyathinum idayilaanu aadhunika aargil sthithi cheiyunnathu. innu praadhamika pattanangalil portt appin, portnacroish enniva ulppedunnu. randum manoharavum vanangalum vellavum kondu chuttappettathumaan. padinjaaru bhagathaayi lismore dweep ulppedeyulla dveepukalum, makilia bachul morinte (sent crossierinte crossier) sookshippukaaranaaya baaran bachulum undu. moluwag), appeen anuyaayikal. ardsheels guha, kaasil stokkar, clatch ruric, naapp eiii-cholays, ailiyan munde, keel charchu yard ennivayulppede niravadhi aakarshakamaaya kaazhchakalund.
pathinanjaam noottaand.
1445-ll, creefile grettu kannukaalikalil ninnu danstaafnej kottayile thante seettilekku madangumbol, sarr joonn aardvekkile mcclarente makale kandumuttukayum pranayikkukayum cheythuvennu paarambaryam nammodu parayunnu. vivaahithanaayirunnenkilum, oru varshathinusesham oru makane prasavicha thante puthiya pranayavumaayi addeham oru bandham aarambhichu. eee unionile aadya makane dugald ennu vilikkukayum pinneedu prashasthamaaya aappinile gothrakaaryakarthaavinte poorvvikanaayi maarukayum cheythu. 1410-ll janicha sarr joonn stuvartt thante randaamathe bhaaryaakunna sthriye kandumuttumbol addehathinu ekadesham 35 vayassayirunnu.
thante aadya bhaaryayude maranashesham, sarr joonn taanum dugaldinte amayum thammilulla vivaham nischayikkunnathinu munbu anchu varsham kaathirunnu. enthukondaanennu namukkariyilla, pakshe athinu rashtreeya kaaranangalundaakam. 1463-ll sarr joonn oru vivaha theeyathi nischayikkukayum dugaldineyum ammaye danstaafnejilekku ayaykkukayum cheythu. sarr joninu ariyaathathinaal lorn prabhuvine kollan oru goodaalochana nadannirunnu. ithu poornnamaayum ariyappedunnillenkilum scots rajaavumaayi adhikara pooraattatthil earppettirunna dveepukalude prabhuvaan ithu sthaapichathennum padinjaaran malambradeshangalile raajaavinte shaktan vishwasthanumaaya eee prathinidhiye nirveeryamaakkunnath thante ettavum mikacha thaalpparyamaayi addeham kanduvennum karuthappedunnu. sarr joninte marumakanaaya collin campbel, loard aargil ennivar ulppedunna mattu goodaalochanakkaare praadhamikamaayi prathinidheekarichirunnathu muun mcdoggle medhaaviyude niyamavirudhamaaya kochumakanaaya alan makkoulaanu. kottayude mathilukalil ninnu 180 yardle akaleyulla cheria chappalilekku cheria aayudhadhaarikalaaya vivaha party kadannappol, alan mccollinte neethrthwathilulla oru unnatha seena avare aakramichu. kooduthal mikacha aayudhadhaarikalaanenkilum, mccollinte sainyam parajayappettu, pakshe lorn prabhuvine maarakamaayi parikkelppikkunnathin munballa. sarr jonine chappalilekku kondupoyi, mccoll addehathinte anugaamikalum oodichennu vijanamaaya danstaafnejil praveshichu. thante avasana shwaasathode sarr joonn dugaldinte ammaye vivaham kazhichu, addehathe niyamavidheyamaakkukayum lorninte "dii juur" loard aakkukayum cheythu. anthyakarmangalkku sesham, sarr joonn antharikkukayum padinjaaran malambradesha charithratthil oru puthiya adhyayam aarambikkukayum cheythu. dugald loard oof lorninte ellah anuyaayikaleyum shekharikkukayum mcclarenmaarude sahaayathode danstaafnej uparodhikkukayum cheythenkilum falamundaayilla. dugaldinu ariyaathe, collin campbel, eee goodaalochanayil ulppettittundennu thonnunna loard aargil, lornile "dii juur" lordinethiraaya pooraattatthil mccolline sahayikkaan oru koottam mcfarlanessine valarthi. maakfarleynukalulla maakkolinte aalukal leak eiii dotha yuddham ennariyappettirunna lorn, maclaren ennee yudhathil kandumutty. irupakshavum kanatha nashtangalode maithanam vittupokunnathumaaya oru kadutha yudhamaayirunnu athu.
adutha kurachu varshathekku, ammavan walter steevarttinteyum aargil prabhuvinteyum vanchanayiloode lorn prabhuvinte padavi nashtappetta dugald, ennaal apinum lismore nilanirthukayum thante shakti shakthippeduthukayum loach laichile cormorantinte paarayil kotta stokkarude vettayaadal lodge shakthippeduthukayum cheythu. appeenin chuttumulla campbel pradesham gothram pathivayi raid cheythukondu lorninte prabhuthathvam nashtappettathil thanikk athrupthi undennathil samshayamillennum addeham urappakki. oduvil, 1468-ll, appon, collin campbel, walter stuvartt ennivayude shakti nasippikkaanulla shramathil, randaamathethu ippol lorninte prabhuvayi amgeekarikkappettu (ennaal lornil adikaaramilla), dugaldinum addehathinte vamshathinum ethire oru valia raid samghadippichu. alaan mccall veendum edapedukayum staalkk yuddham ennariyappedunna sthalathu avar kandumuttukayum cheythu. niravadhi aalukale nashtappettengilum, dugald maakfarleynukalude sainika shakti (avarkk orikkalum veendedukkaan kazhiyaatha oru nasham) phalatthil nasippikkukayum pithaavinte kolayaliyaaya alaan macoline vyakthiparamayi kollukayum cheythu. eee yuddham apinum chuttumulla pradeshathinumulla dugaldinte avakaashavaadam urappichu, ithu 1470 epril 14 nuu jaims moonnaaman rajaavu addehathinu audyogikamaayi nalki. 1497 allengil 1498 ll keppokkile mcdonald vamshathinethire poraadiya black moundu yudhathil appinile dugald steevartt kollappettu.
pathinezhaam noottaandum aabhyantharayudhavum.
appinile vamshakaaryakarthaav inverlochi yuddham (1645), ooldarn yuddham, kilsit yuddham ennivayil montrosinte aadya markwas aaya jaims graahathe pinthunachu. 1688ll jaims VII sthaanabhrashtanaayathinushesham, apeeninte kavalkkar sthaanabhrashtaraaya stuvartt bhavanathe pinthunachu.
pathinettaam noottaandum jacobite uyarchayum.
yaakkobait uyarchaye swaabhaavikamaayum pinthunacha appene 1715 leeii yaakkobait uyarchayil poraadaan aalukale ayachu. 1724 leeii general wade uyarnna pradeshangalekkurichulla reportil vamshathinte shakti 400 aanennu kanakkakki. 1743 juun juun jacobite peerejil loard appin aayi janicha appinte onpathaamathe thalavanaaya dugald stuvartt 1745 juun juun jacobite peerejil loard appin aayi. prathyekichu jacobite raisingil poraadaan aalukaleyum appin ayachu. ayachu kulodan yudhathil ekadesham 300 peradangunna oru poraattasenayil ninnu appin rejimentinu 92 perr kollappedukayum 65 perkku parikkelkkukayum cheythu. ardsheelile chaals stuvartt rejimentile aalukale (19 mattu vamshangalile purushanmaar ulppede) nayichu, prathyekichu prathyekichu uyarchayude samayat klaan mcclaren. ardsheel pinneedu skotlandil ninnu rakshapettu, avide addeham thante backie divasangal chelavazhichu.
aardsheelinte guha.
1745 juulai 23 nuu chaals edward stuvartt rajakumaran (boony prins charley) puram hebrian dveepaaya eriskeyude velutha manalil ethi, "seven menn oof moidart" ennariyappedunna oru cheria koottam koottaalikal maathram."scotish, engleesh simhasanathinaayulla addehathinte avakaashavaadathinteyum randaamathe yaakobaaya prakshobhatthinteyum thudakkamaayirunnu ithu; 1746 epril 16 nuu oduvil kulodan yudhathil yaakobaayarude poraattam avasaanippichu. raajakumaarante commanding offeesarmaaril oralaaya ardsheel chaals steevartt, ulppettavarkkaayi raajyathudaneelam thirayumbol oru guhayil engleesh chuvanna kottil ninnu olichu. eee sthalam pinneedu aardhiyaalinte guha ennariyappettu. skotlandinte padinjaaran theerathulla loach linhail kentallan ulkkadalinu mukalil obaninum fort vilyathinum idayil kuthaneyulla oru kunninpuratthu irikkunna eee guha loach bhaagath ninnu naalpat minittil kooduthal akaleyalla.
ardheyilinte steevarttukal appeen steevarttukalude randaamathe ettavum pradhanappetta kedatt kudumbamaayirunnu, invernahylile steevarttukalkku sesham randaamathethu. yakobittinodu poornnamaayum vishwasthanaaya ardsheel steevartt, kulodanil appeen steevarttukal uyarthiya rejimentine nayichu. hanovarian sainyathinte baaralinteyum munroyudeyum rejimentukalude raankukal thakarthappol avarkk bhayanakamaaya naashanashtangal neridendi vannu. ennirunnaalum, kulodan aarambhikkunnathin munbu athinte phalam eathaandu urappaayirunnu. ksheenitharum vishakkunnavarum anuchithamaya sajjar ennathil poornnamaayum puratthumaaya yaakobaaya sainyam nirnnaayakamaayi parajayappettu. avarude vijayathinushesham comberland prabhuvinte neethrthwathil engleeshukaarkku parikketta ellah yaakobaayikaleyum vadhikkanum jayililadakkaanum utharavittu. ekkaaranathaal addeham pinneedu "kashaappukaaran" ennariyappettu.
yudhathilum athinusheshamulla udanadi maranathil ninnu rakshapetta ardsheel steevartt thante kudumba irippidamaaya ardsheel house, kentallan bay ennivaykkaayi nirmmichu. deerghakaalam pidikkappedaathirikkaan kazhiyumenkil eathenkilum tharatthilulla pothumaapp allengil karar oduvil undakumennaayirunnu addehathinte prateeksha. ennirunnaalum, eee durithaavasthayile yaakkobaayikalkk cumberlandinte nischayadaartyavum kroorathayum sangalppikkaan kazhinjilla.
varum maasangalil 3,500 yaakobaayare valayukayum jayililadaykkukayum cheythu; ithil 120 pere udan vadikkukayum (pradhaanamaayum gothranethaakkal) 90 perr jayilil vachu marikkukayum cheythu. 1, 000 pere kolanikalilekku kondupookukayum 250 pere naadukadatthukayum cheythu. 700 pere kaanathaayi, avarude vidhi anjjaathamaanu. koodaathe, nirodhanatthiloode vamshavyavastha nasippikkappedukayum avaa niraayudheekarikkappedukayum kilttum tarton nirodhikkukayum cheythu. eee kaalaavasthayilaanu ardsheel veettilekku madangiyethiyathu, thante vidhi nannayi arinjukondu, avan pidikkappettaal udan olivil pooyi. bhaaryayudeyum navajaathashishuvinteyum aduthu nilkkaan addeham aagrahichathinaal avalude sahaayathode addeham thante veedinu mukalilulla guhayil olichu. bhaarya bhakshanam konduvarikayum idaykkide iruttinadiyil addeham purathirangukayum cheiyumaayirunnu.
oduvil chuvanna kottukal varikayum ardsheel house valayukayum bharya kuttyeyum thadavilaakkukayum cheythu. jacobite sainyathodoppam poyathinushesham bharthaavine kaanukayo kelkkukayo cheythittillenn avakaashappett aval onnum nalkaathathinaal aval oru dheerayaaya sthreeyaayirikkanam. ardsheel thanne mookkinu keezhil olichirikkumbol chuvanna kottukal chuttumulla pradeshathu nannayi thirachil nadatthi. rund thavana avar addehathinte olithaavalathinte muttangalkullil nadannathaayi oru vivaranam parayunnu.
aardsheelinte vijayathinte rahasyam guhayilo athilum pradhanamaayi athinte avasthayilo aayirunnu. vellappokkathil theepiduttham undaakumbol praveshana kavaadam poornnamaayum maraykkunna oru uyaramulla vellachaattathin pinnilaanu ithu sthithi cheiyunnathu. athu evideyaanennu ariyillengil oraalkk anchu yard akale nilkkukayum athu orikkalum kandethaathirikkukayum cheyyaam. ekadesham pathinanjo irupathu adiyo neelamulla ithu ezhunnettu nilkkaan eluppamaanu; ithu pinnil rando moonno adiyil koodaruthu. chuvarukalum tharayum alppam nananjathaanengilum pinbhaagathu dryer sthalamundu. ennirunnaalum, ithu thikachum sukhakaravum purathulla gadakangalil ninnu poornnamaayum samrakshikkappedunnathum. oru vazhiyil ninnu maathrame ithine sameepikkaan kazhiyoo-kuthaneyulla vashathulla theepidithatthilekku nerittu mukalilekku, ardsheel hausil ninnu valare akaleyaan, ithu valare kadinavum aavasyamullathumaaya kayattamaakkunnu. ennirunnaalum, oraalude sthaanam ariyaamenkil rakshappeduka phalatthil asaadyamaanu. vellam veezhunnathinte nirantharamaaya shabdam aduthuvarunna shabdangale mukki kalayunnu, akathekkulla vazhiyude athe maarggamaan purathukadakkaanulla eaka maargam. pinthudarunnavar oru chuvaduvekkunnathinu munbu sekkantukalkkullil avarude kwaariyil ethum. mothatthil, ennirunnaalum, ithu oru thikanja oli sthalamaakki maattunnu, anishchithakaalathekku poornna surakshayil kandethunnathu ozhivaakkunnath oraalkk sangalppikkaan kazhiyum. ardsheel staartt chaals valia vyakthiparamaaya shakthiyulla oru valia manushyan praaveenyamulla vaalukaaranumaayi ariyappettirunnu-malayora mekhalayile ettavum mikachavaril oraal. avan oru koottiladacha simhatheppoleyaanennum pookaan akshamanaanennum chinthikkathe oraalkk sahayikkaan kazhiyilla.
ardsheel steevartt chaalsine pidikoodumenna bheeshani chuvanna kottukal ardsheel house vittathinusheshavum neenduninnu. oru engleesh pattaalakkaaranallenkil, avane athil praveshippichathu oru saha scotsmanakan kooduthal saadhyathayund, prathyekichu thekk ninnu. oru catholica raajaavine veendum simhaasanathil kayattiyathaan yaakobittinu kaaranam, ithu oru padi pinnott pookunnathaayi palarum kanakkaakkiyirunnu. thaazhnna pradeshathe presbetteriyakkaare sambandhichidatholam yaakobaayarude parajayam aaghoshathinu kaaranamaayi. union sabhaa bharanakoodatthinte presbytarian samvidaanavum surakshithamaayirunnu. varaanirikkunna aardsheel orikkalum pothumaapp nalkaan saadhyathayillenn manassilakkiya addeham oduvil francilake palayanam cheyyukayum addehathinte bhoomi kireedatthinu nashtappedutthukayum cheythu. pathinettaam noottaandil bhoomi punasthaapikkunnathil addehathinte makan dankaan ardsheel steevartt vijayichu, ardsheel steevarttukal pinneedu appin kudumbatthinte vamshanaashathethudarnnu appin medaaviyaayi.
appeen kolapathakam.
1752-ll kuprasidhamaaya appin kolapaathakatthinte sthalamaayirunnu appin, appol appinil nashtappetta stuvartt bhoomiyude sarkkar gadakamaayi sthaapichirunna 'redu phoox' enna collin rooy campbel-balachulishil loach levante theerathu sawari cheiyunnathinide anjjaathanaaya oru snipper purakil vedivachu. oru campbel/hanovarian kodathi 'kolapathakam' ennu visheshippichenkilum, kootta ozhippikkalinu utharavittu ennathinu utharavaadiyaaya oru land ejantinte kolapathakam pathinettaam noottaandile britiish dveepukalil asaadhaaranamaaya oru sambhavamayirunnirikkilla. mukhyaprathiyaaya alaan break steevartt rakshappettathinusesham, shoottar aaraayirunnaalum, cheefsinte ardhasahodaranaaya jaims oof dhii glens enna kedattinethire kolapaathakakkuttam chumatthi, makailin morinte adhyakshathayil inverreyude campbel shakthikendrathile oru campbel juurii vichaarana cheythu, orupakshe, balachulishile naapp eiii-cholaayisile loach levante theerathu shikshikkappedukayum thookkikkollappedukayum cheythathil athishayikkanilla. jaims stuvarttinu vediveppinulla utharavumaayi yaathoru bandhavumillenn akkaalathe samavaayavum charithrakaaranmaarude pothu abhipraayavum undaayirunnu. thattikkondupoya" novalinte ithivrithathil glenner maranam ulppeduthiya roobert luis steevansan aanu eee sambhavam prashasthamaakkiyath. rasakaramaaya oru postscript enna nilayil palarum shoottare thirichariyaan shramichenkilum vijayichilla. thalavanekkurichu kudumbatthil ariyamaayirunnuvennum, thaan ellah sidhaanthangalum vaayikkukayum kelkkukayum cheythittundennum, avayil onnupolum sariyallennum ippozhathe thalavan chodichappol paranju. nigoodatha" thudarunnu.
dioine kwaisal.
pathinettaam noottaandil ariyappettirunna davoin kwaisal (galica kuleenar) "taxmen" enna padatthinteyum "kedatt" enna aadhunika padaviyudeyum paryaayamaan."ivar vamshathile unnatha vibhaagakkaaraayirunnu/(ellah vamshangalum eee sthaanangal ulppeduthi). saadhaaranayaayi eathenkilum roopathil, jananam kondu medaaviyumaayi bandhappettirikkunna eee aalukal valia vamshapradeshangalkkullil pradeshangal allengil "taakkukal" niyanthrichirunnu. vaadaka vividha roopangalil shekharikkappedukayum davoin kwaisilil ninnulla vaadaka chila vamshangalil cheefk nalkukayum cheythu, mattullavayil allah. ardsheel, aknaakon, fasnacloich, invernahyl, strathgari ennivayaanu aappinile praadhamika "kedattukal". appeeninte pradhana shaakhakal appeeninte moonnaamathe aalaya alaan stuvarttinte puthranmaaril ninnaan uthbhavikkunnath. aadyam avar joonn, 1st oof strathgari, dugald, 1st oof aknaakkon, jaims, 1st oof fasnacloich, alexander, 1st oof invernahyl enniva ulppettirunnu. njangalude thalavan thamasikkunna shaakhayaaya ardsheel, aardsheelinte onnaam sthaanathulla joninu appeeninte anchaam sthaanathulla pithaav joonn stuvartt nalki. loonn, appin, ardsheel ennivayude andrew francis steevartt, appeen 17-aamm theeyathiyum ardsheel 12-aamm theeyathiyum, appeeninte ippozhathe thalavan, 1769-ll aanmakkalillathe maricha njangalude pathaamatthe thalavanaaya dugald steevarttinte maranashesham medaaviyaayi kayariya aardsheelinte ezhaamathe chaals steevarttil ninnullathaanu. innu andrew francis steevartt "appin" (medhavi soochippikkunnu), ardsheel ennee rund padavikal vahikkunnu.
anuyaayikalum vamshakkaarum.
appeeninte anuyaayikal allengil "septtukal" (oru aadhunika padam) steevarttukal prabhuthathvam nedunnathinum vamsham othucherunnathinum munbu lonil thaamasichirunna kudumbangalil ninnaan uthbhavikkunnath. ivar/dveepukalude prabhuvinte makan kolinte makanumaaya karutha solomonil ninnulla mccolls aayirunnu, mccullays allengil leaving stonukal (makaleyil ninnu engleeshil), 1130 ll lismoril undennu report cheyyappettu, ennaal avarude paithrikam valare pazhakkamullathinaal avarude thudakkam arcum sarikkum ariyilla, mcillemicales allengil avarude engleesh roopamaaya "carmichael" ennivayum namukk oohikkaan kazhiyunnathra pazhakkamullathaanu. 13-aamm noottaandinu munbu avaa aappinilundaayirunnave ariyappedunnu. kombichukal north aappinile (chilappol thomson ennu engleeshil vilikkappedunnu) oru kudumba vilipperukalil ninnu uthbhavichavayaan, macrobukal yadhaarthathil steevarttukalaayirunnu/aanu, appinile onnaam sthaanathulla dugaldinte makan robertil ninnu uthbhavichavaraan. yadhaarthathil morwan pradeshathu ninnulla maasinnukal pathinanjaam noottaandinte thudakkathil eee pradeshathu sthirathaamasamaakki. mccalorinukal, kaarmichelukal, maakombichukal, macolukal, maakgillemichelukal, maaksilmichelukal, mckinness, macklays, maakmichelukal, macrobes (rakthathaal stuvarttukalumaayi bandhappettava) enniva ulppedunnu.

