
hettu vrije woord (dutch eest indees pathram)

1915 muthal 1922 vare dutch eest indeesil achadicha oru idathupaksha pathramaayirunnu hettu vrije woord (dutch; aksharaarthatthil "swatantra vaakk" allengil "abhipraaya swaathanthryam"), ithu aadya varshangalil andhamaya soshyal-demookratik vereenigingumaayum (duches indees soshyal demookratik association) indoneshyan communist partyumaayum bandhappettirunnu.
charithram.
"hettu vrije woord" 1915 avasaanathode sthaapithamaayathu, vividha dutch paarttikalile europian amgangal, prathyekichu soshyal demookratik varkkezhs party (netherlands), thudakkathil thanne roopeekaricha andhamaya soshyal-democratish vereeniginginte (duches indees soshyal demookratik association) party pathramaayaan. 1913ll indeesil ethiya parichayasambannanaaya soshyalistaaya henk sneevliyatt, puthuthayi birudam nediya enchineeyarum radical aaya adolph bars, indeesil maathram ethiya adolph bars, dii.jeey.eiii. westerweld, oru madhyavarggakkaaran. athinte aadya varshathil, pathram isdv yude mukhapathramaayi svayam avatharippichilla, marichu oru "pothu swatantra ardhamaasa avayavamaayi" avatharippichu. 1916 juunil maathramaan ithu audyogika aii. ezz. dii. vii pepparaayi svayam billing cheyyaan thudangiyathu.
audyogika nayaprakaram pradhaanamaayum europianmaarkkum unnatha vidyaabhyaasamulla eshyakkaaril oru cheria nyoonapakshathinum maathram manassilaakunna dutch bhaashayilaan paper achadichirunnathu ennathinaal, paper indoneshyakkaarum indoneshyan chainakkaarum vyaapakamaayi vaayichirunnilla. 1916 avasaanathode athinte vaayanakkaaril 10 sathamaanam maathrame indoneshyakkaaraayirunnu. ennirunnaalum, 1916-ll theevravaadi maas marcoyude arasttine apalapichathukondum pinneedu oru 'thaddesheeya' sainyam sthaapikkunnathinulla 'indi veerbar' prachaaranatthe parasyamaayi athirthathukondum, aadyakaalangalil thanne eee pathram niravadhi deseeyavaada indoneshyakkaarude bahumanam nedi. thaddesheeya janangalodu valare vamseeya manobhavamullathum avarude purogathikkulla eathoru shramatheyum avahelikkunnathumaaya battaaviyaash newsblad allengil dii preangerboad polulla indiansile mikka dutch pathrangalil ninnum ithu thikachum vyathyasthamaayirunnu, allengil dii locomotive polulla liberal pepparukal polum chila samayangalil avarodu anubhavamullathum ennaal colonial kramatthil vishwasikkunnathumaayirunnu.
indian janathayil europianmaarkku saamoohika janaadhipathya pracharanam maathram pracharippikkunnathinte parimithikal thiricharinja baarukal malaye javanesen padikkaan kadinamaayi parishramichu. angane 1917 eprilil taanum rund indoneshyan soshyalistukalaaya semoun, nottu-vidjojo ennivar edittarmaaraayi "soyara merdica" (malaay swaathanthryathinte shabdam) enna oru malay sahodari pathram sthaapikkaan addeham sahayichu.(eee prabandhathe 1950ll sthaapithamaaya bandhamillaattha pathramaya suwara merdekkayumaayi thettidharikkaruthu.) eee prabandhatthinte ulladakkavum lakshyangalum "hettu vrije woord" ennathinu samanamaayirunnu. 'pathram paraajayappedukayum aadya varshathinullil prasidheekaranam nirthukayum cheythu, ennaal baarukalum addehathinte sakhyakakshikalum 1918 maarchil 'soyara rajat' (maleh janangalude shabdam) enna mattoru pathram puratthirakki.
1917 octoberil bars 1915 muthal jolie cheythirunna surabaayayile oru saankethika skoolile adthyaapana joliyil ninnu addehathe "maanyamaayi discharge cheythu". 1917 augustil addeham oru aii. ezz. dii. vii yogathil maleyil oru prasangam nadathukayum colonial gavanmentine "busuk" (maleh cheenjupoyathu) ennu vilikkukayum cheythu, pinneedu thante meludyogasthare abhimukeekarichappol addeham pashchaathapikkunnuvennu avare bodhyappeduthiyilla. vediveyppu dutch pathrangalil vyaapakamaayi pracharikkapettu; battaaviyaash newsblad addehathe pirichuvidunnathuvare bars sarkkaarine dhikkarichuvennum athinaal addehathodu sahathapam thonnendathillennum koodaathe addeham "hettu vrije woord" enna pusthakatthil vidyaabhyaasa sanbradaayathinethire "apamanakaramaaya" akramanangal nadathiyittundennum prasthaavichu.
1918-ll colonial sarkkar dutch sainikarkkum naavikarkkumidayil samghaditha pravartthanangal nadathiyathinu "hettu vrije woord" edittar sneevliyettinte naadukadatthi, thudarnnu 1919-nte thudakkathil baarukalum swamedhayaa pooyi netherlandsilekku madangi. sarkkar taamasiyaathe indiansile mattu europian aii. ezz. dii. vii amgangale naadukadatthum, ithu theerchayaayum pathratthinte vaayanakkaarude ennam kurachu. ennirunnaalum, 1919-ll "hettu vrije woord" baarukalkk pakaramaayi swantham paper "wolharding" edittu cheytha indiansile mattoru europian soshyalistaaya piyattar bergsma chertthu. frieslandil janicha bergsma 1914 muthal indian sainyathilaayirunnu, viramikkunnathinum raashtreeyathilum pathrapravartthanatthilum praveshikkunnathinum munbu dutch indees sainyathil sarjantaayi sevanamanushtichu. netherlandil baarukalkk valia thozhilavasarangalo rashtreeya vijayangalo illaayirunnu, 1920-nte thudakkathil avar indiayilekku madangi.
1920ll aii. ezz. dii. vii. indoneshyan communist party punarnirmmikkappettpett, "hettu vrije woord" ippol punarnaamakaranam cheyyappetta party dutch bhasha avayavamaayi maari, baarukalum bergsma edittarmaaraayi avasheshichu, ennaal niravadhi europian soshyalistukale indian rajyangalil ninnu purathaakkiyathinaal, eee samayat athinu 40 varikkaare maathrame undaayirunnulloo.
1921 januvariyil semarangile praadeshika kodathi ("raadu vaan justity") bergsma 3 maasathe thadavinu shikshichu. athinaal bars maathramaan sajeeva edittar, maarchode addeham pathram adachupoottunnathaayi prakhyaapichu, kaaranam thante mattu kruthikalkku mukalil ottaykku oru paper pravarthippikkaan addehathinu samayamilla. 
adhikam taamasiyaathe, sarkkar adhehatheyum thadavilaakkukayum pinneedu addehathinte communist prachaarana pravartthanangalude asthirappeduthunna swaadheenathinte adisthaanathil addehathe indian rajyangalil ninnu naadukadatthukayum cheythu. hettu vrije woord" enna addehathinte sameepakaala lekhanangalum oru pii. keey. aii amgathinte arasttinethire prathishedhikkunna onnu, jarmman prathiviplavatthe vivarikkunna mattonn, indeesile vichaaranaykk munbulla thadankal sanbradaayathe vimarshikkunna onnu ennivayulppede kaaranangalayi udharikkappettu. baarsinte deerghakaala sakhyakakshiyaya semoun thante prathirodhatthil samsaarichath, addeham athramaathram uthsaahathode niyamatthinte paridhikkullil thudarukayum aareyum kuttappeduthunnathu ozhivakkaan sramikkukayum cheythathinaal baarsinte puratthaakkal communist partyile amgangale njettichuvennu paranju.
jayil shiksha avasaanichathinusesham, baarmaarude naadukadatthal samayat, bergsma veendum prathyakshappedukayum barmar ayacha chila rekhaamoolamulla sambhaavanakalode thaan svanthamaayi "hettu vrije woord" prasidheekaranam punaraarambhikkumenn prakhyapikkukayum cheythu. 1922-nte arambham vare addeham pathram prasidheekarikkunnathu thudarnnu, adhikaarikalum (saha communist taann malakkaykkoppam) thanne vilichuvaruthi; iruvarkkum naadukadatthal utharavu nalki. anthima lakkangal edittu cheythath aaraanenn vyakthamalla, pakshe vaayanakkaarude ennam kurayunnathinaal 1922 meyy maasathil pathram thudarumennum avar ippol malaysian bhaashayile sahodari pathramaya "soyara rajat" enna pepparil thangalude sramangal nadathumennum prakhyaapichu.
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