
thirayal algoritam

computer shaasthrathil, oru thirayal prashnam pariharikkunnathin roopakalppana cheytha oru algorithamaanu serch algoritam. prathyeka dattaa gadanaykkullil sambharichirikkunna vivarangal veendedukkunnathino allengil oru prashna domaininte thirayal sthalathu kanakkaakkunnathino, vyathirikthamo thudarchayaayatho aaya moolyangal upayogichu serch algorithangal pravartthikkunnu.
serch enchinukal serch algorithangal upayogikkunnundengil avaa algorithathe allah, vivara veendedukkalinekkurichu padanatthil pedunnu.
palappozhum upayogikkenda uchithamaaya thirayal algoritam thirayunna daatta ghadanaye aasrayichirikkunnu, koodaathe daattayekkurichulla munkoor arivum ulppettekkaam. serch treakal, haash maappukal, daattaabes soochikakal enniva polulla prathyekamaayi nirmmicha daattaabes gadanakaliloode serch algorithangal vegathilaakkaano kooduthal kaaryakshamamakkaano kazhiyum.
thirayal algorithangale avayude thirayal samvidaanathe adisthaanamaakki moonnu tharam algorithangalayi tharamthirikkaam leanier, bainari, hashing. leanier serch algorithangal oru taargett keeyumaayi bandhapetta oro record leanier reethiyil parishodhikkunnu. bainari allengil pakuthi edavela, thirayalukal thirayal gadanayude kendratthe aavarthichu lakshyamidukayum thirayal sthalathe pakuthiyaayi vibhajikkukayum cheiyunnu. taargett record kandethunnathuvare keekalude thaarathamyangale adisthaanamaakkiyulla recordukal thudarchayaayi illaathaakkunnathiloode thaarathamya thirayal algorithangal leanier serchil mechappeduthunnu, koodaathe oru nirddishta kramatthil dattaa gadanakalil prayogikkaan kazhiyum. digital serch algorithangal samkhyaa keekal upayogichu dattaa gadanakalile akkangalude savisheshathakale adisthaanamaakkiyaanu pravartthikkunnathu. avasaanamaayi, hashing oru haash functione adisthaanamaakki recordukalilekkulla keekal nerittu mapp cheiyunnu.
algorithangal palappozhum avayude computational sankeernnatha allengil paramavadhi saidhaanthika rann time adisthaanamaakkiyaanu vilayiruthappedunnathu. udaaharanathinu, bainari serch functionukalkku paramavadhi sankeernnatha allengil logarithamik samayamundu. lalithamaayi paranjaal, thirayal lakshyam kandethunnathinu aavashyamaaya paramavadhi pravartthanangal thirayal sthalathinte valuppathinte logarithamik functionaanu.
thirayal algorithangalude prayogangal.
thirayal algorithangalude nirddishta prayogangalil iva ulppedunnu
klaasukal.
vertual serch speysukalkkaayi.
vertual speysukal thirayunnathinulla algorithangal kanstrayint samthrupthi prashnatthil upayogikkunnu, avide nirddishta ganitha samavaakyangalum asamathvangalum/thulyathakalum thripthippeduthunna chila veriyabilukalilekkulla oru koottam moolya assainmentukal kandethuka ennathaanu lakshyam. aaa veriyabilukalude oru prathyeka pravartthanam paramavadhi vardhippikkukayo kuraykkukayo cheiyunna oru variable assainment kandethuka ennathaanu lakshyam. eee prasnangalkkulla algorithangalil adisthaana broot-fozhsu serch ("naivu" allengil "vivaramillaatha" thirayal ennum vilikkunnu), eee sthalathinte gadanayekkurichulla bhagika arivu chooshanam cheyyaan sramikkunna vividha hyooristiks, leanier relaxation, kanstrayint janareshan, kanstrayint propagation enniva ulppedunnu.
oru pradhana upavibhagam praadeshika thirayal reethikalaanu, avaa thirayal sthalathinte gadakangale oru graafinte konukalaayi kaanunnu, kesinu baadhakamaaya oru koottam hyooristiks nirvachichirikkunna arikukal; koodaathe arikukaliloode oru inathil ninnu mattonnilekku neengikkond idam scan cheyyuka, udaaharanathinu ettavum kuthaneyulla irakkamo mikacha aadya maanadandamo allengil oru yaadruchika thirayalo anusarichu. eee vibhaagathil simulated aniiling, tabu serch, eiii-teamukal, janithaka prograaming thudangiya vividatharam pothuvaaya metahyooristik reethikal ulppedunnu, avaa ekapaksheeyamaaya hyooristiks prathyeka reethikalil samyojippikkunnu. praadeshika thirachilinte vipareethamaayirikkum aagola thirayal reethikal. thirayal idam parimithamallaathathum nalkiyirikkunna netvarkkinte ellah vashangalum thirayal algoritam pravarthippikkunna entittikk labhyamaakumbozhum eee reethi baadhakamaan.
eee classil vividha trea serch algorithangalum ulppedunnu, avaa gadakangale oru vrukshathinte konukalaayi kaanukayum aaa vrukshathe chila prathyeka kramatthil kadannupokukayum cheiyunnu. depth-phastt serch, bread-phastt serch thudangiya samagramaya reethikalum backtracking, branch aandu boundu thudangiya vividha huristic adhishtitha serch trea karuppikkal reethikalum randaamathethinte udaaharanangalil ulppedunnu. saadhyataa ardhathil maathram mikacha reethiyil pravartthikkunna pothuvaaya metahyooristiksil ninnu vyathyasthamayi, eee trea-serch reethikalil palathum mathiyaya samayam nalkiyaal krithyamaaya allengil opttimal pariharam kandethumennu urappaan. ithine "poornatha" ennu vilikkunnu.
nilavile saahacharyathil ninnu undakavunna saadhyamaaya ellah geyim saahacharyangalum ulkkollunna chess allengil backgammon polulla onniladhikam kalikkaar kalikkunna geyim trea paryavekshanam cheiyunnathinulla algorithangal mattoru pradhana upa-classil ulppedunnu. athiraalikalude (kalude) saadhyamaaya ellah neekkangalum kanakkileduthu vijayathin ettavum mikacha avasaram nalkunna neekkam kandethuka ennathaanu eee prashnangalile lakshyam. robot maargganirddeshathilo maarkkatting, saambathika allengil sainika thantra aasoothranathilo poornnamaayum oraalude niyanthranatthilallaatha thudarchayaaya theerumaanangal edukkendivarunna manushyaro yanthrangalo samanamaaya prasnangal sambhavikkunnu. itharathilulla prashnam-kompinettoriyal serch-artificial intalijansinte pashchaathalatthil vipulamaayi padikkappettittund. minimax algoritam, alfa-beetta karupp, eiii * algoritam, athinte vakabhedangal ennivayaanu eee classile algorithangalude udaaharanagal.
oru nischitha gadanayude upaghadanakalkkaayi.
oru graph, string, oru parimitha group thudangiya thannirikkunna vyathiriktha gadanayude oru prathyeka upaghadana thirayunna algorithangalkkayi "kompinettoriyal serch" enna peru saadhaaranayaayi upayogikkunnu. chila paaraamettarukalude paramavadhi (allengil ettavum kuranja) moolyamulla oru upaghadana kandethuka ennathaanu lakshyamidumbol kompinettoriyal opttimaiseshan enna padam saadhaaranayaayi upayogikkunnu. (upaghadana saadhaaranayaayi computeril parimithikalulla oru koottam poornnasankhya veriyabilukalaal prathinidheekarikkunnathil, eee prashnangale parimithikalude samthrupthiyudeyo vyathirikthamaya optimaiseshanteyo prathyeka kesukalaayi kaanaan kazhiyum; ennaal avaa saadhaaranayaayi roopappeduthukayum pariharikkukayum cheiyunnathu aantharika praathinidhyam vyakthamaayi paraamarshikkaattha kooduthal amoorthamaaya krameekaranathilaanu.)
graph algorithangal, prathyekichu graph traversal algorithangal, oru thannirikkunna graphil nirddishta upa-gadanakal kandethunnathinulla-subgraphukal, pathakal, sarcuteukal muthalaayava-oru pradhanavum vipulamaayi padichathumaaya upavibhagamaanu. dijkstrayude algoritam, kruskalinte algoritam, ettavum aduthulla ayal algoritam, praiminte algoritam enniva udaaharanangalil ulppedunnu.
eee vibhaagathile mattoru pradhana upavibhagam stringukalkkullile paattenukalkkaayi thirayunna string searching algorithangalaanu. boyer-muur, knathu-morris-praatt algorithangal, trea daatta ghadana enna prathyayam adisthaanamaakkiyulla niravadhi algorithangal ennivayaanu rund prashastha udaaharanagal.
oru functionte paramavadhi thirayuka.
1953-ll american statisteeshyan jacq keyfer fibonacci serch aavishkarichu, ithu oru unimodal function paramavadhi kandethaan upayogikkaam, koodaathe computer sayansil mattu niravadhi aaplikkeshanukalum undu.
kwaandam computerukalkku.
daatta gadanakaludeyo huristicsinteyo sahayamillaathe polum saidhaanthikamaayi leanier allengil broot-fozhsu serchinekkaal vegathayulla groverinte algoritam pole kwaandam computerukalkkaayi roopakalppana cheytha serch reethikalum undu. kwaandam computerukalkku pinnile ashayangalum prayogangalum ippozhum poornnamaayum saidhaanthikamaanenkilum, kwaandam computing sisttangalude saangalppika bhauthika pathippukale krithyamaayi aavarthikkunna grovezhs polulla algorithangal upayogichu padanangal nadathiyittundu.
athum kaanuka.
vibhaagangal