
holden (automobile)

1948 muthal 1984 vare 5 thalamurakalilayi athe peril kambani nirmmicha oru poornna valippathilulla kaaraayirunnu holden. holdene saadhaaranayaayi avarude model padanaamam (udha.jii., echu. kyu) koodaathe echu seerees. oostreliyayude kaarayi holden avatharippikkappettu, raajyathin maathramaayi nirmmicha aadyathe poornna thothilulla vaahanamaanith. athinumumbu, general motors holdens limittad. videsha general motors anubandha sthaapanangalaaya chevrolatt, baike, voxhall ennivayil ninnu irakkumathi cheytha sii. keey. dii kittukal koottichertthu. irakkumathi cheytha chesiyil gadippicha foord, chrysler vehicle bodikal maathramaan rajyath nirmmicha mattu kaarukal. australiyayile athulyavum parukkanthumaaya rodukalkkaayi maathram nirmmicha aadyathe nirmmaana kaaraya holden australiyakkaarkkidayil thalkshana vijayamayirunnu.
holden yoott holdenil ninnaan uruthirinjathu. 1971 vare, yoott trayude tharaykku thaazheyaayirunnenkilum sedaante pinn floorpan yoott nilanirtthi.
australiyayile ellah samsthaanangalilum (pradeshangalum tasmania ozhike) athinte jeevithathinte vividha ghattangalil holden uthppaadippikkappettu.
1960num 1968num idayil holden vahanangal havaay polulla vipanikalkkayi idathu kaii drive cheyyaan kazhinju. raitt hand drive holdens athinte jeevithathiludaneelam dakshinaafrikka polulla raajyangalilekku kayattumathi cheyyappettu, avide avaa chevrolattukalayi punarnaamakaranam cheyyappettu.
holdente chila pathippukal jappanil avasaanikkukayum 13bii rottari enchin upayogichu pravartthikkunna masda roadpacer aapu aayi vilkkukayum cheythu.
holden avatharippichappol orotta trim thalatthil labhyamaayirunnu, ennirunnaalum taamasiyaathe holden staanderd, holden bisinus, holden special ennivayude peru sweekarichu. holden bisinesses athinte vichitramaaya midu rench sthaanam kaaranam janapreeti illaathathinaal taamasiyaathe nirthalaakkappettu. 1963-ll, holden premiier avatharippichu, specialinekkaal ganyamaayi uyarnna sthaanathaanu, kooduthal adambara kendreekritha gadakangal. 1968-ll echke seerees purathirakkiyathode staanderd, special modalukal yathaakramam holden belmond, holden kingswood ennivaykku pakaram holdente aadyathe kooppe modalaaya holden monaro, aadyathe long wheelbase modalaaya holden brogum ennivayum vannu. 1971-ll, poornnamaayum punarroopakalppana cheytha echkyu seerees purathirakkiyappol brovaminu pakaram stettsmaan vannu, eee modalinu ippol holden peru illaayirunnu, ennirunnaalum adisthaanaparamaayi athe kaar thanne thudarnnu. echu. kyu. ykkoppam oru tunner kyab chesiyum vannu. 1970 kalil udaneelam holden adisthaanaparamaayi maattamillathe thudarnnu, cheria stail mattangal maathram, echbi seereesinu sesham kooppe model uthppaadanam nirtthi, 1980 vare dablyubi seerees avatharippichathode sedan, steshan vaagan modalukalum upekshikkappettu, shreniyil yoottum panalwan maathram avasheshichu, ithu stettsmaan dablyubi frond clip nedi. holden athinte shradha poornnamaayum holden commodorilekku thiriyunnathinaal 1984-ll holden mothatthil nirthalaakkappettu.
1984ll holdente uthppaadanam nirthumbozhekkum holdente motham uthppaadanam 3,330,401 ll ethi.
onnaam thalamura.
randaam lokamahaayudhathinu munbulla chevrolatt roopakalppana holdente aadya thalamura valareyadhikam swaadheenikkukayum chevrolatt fleetlainumaayulla samanathakal vyakthamaayi kaanikkukayum cheythathinaal, avarude praadeshika vipaniyil cheruthum vijayakaravumaanennu karuthappedunnathinaal usil design ozhivaakkappettu.
48-215 & 50-2106 (fx).
ulppaadanam 120,402 udaaharanagal
nischalamaaya chevrolatt roopakalppanaye adisthaanamaakki vipaniyile aadyathe australian nirmmithavum roopakalppana cheythathumaaya vaahanamayirunnu holden 48-215. oru american roopakalppanaye adisthaanamaakki, kaarineppole thanne, holden nirmmicha 132 cubic inline 6 aanu ithinu karuth pakarunnath. holden aasthaanathulla portt melbonilaanu eee aadya model nirmmichathu
eph. jeey.
ulppaadanam 169,969 udaaharanagal.
randaam thalamura.
aadyakaala randaam thalamura holdens athinte mungaamiyekkaal valare kooduthal europian aayirunnu, ithu aaa kaalaghattatthile voxhaalukalumaayi saamyathakal kaanikkunnu. pilkkala randaam thalamura holdens kooduthal american stylilekku kadinamaaya oru thiriv eduthu, ithu valare saamyamullathaan, ariyaathavarkku '57 cheviyumaayi thettidharikkaam.
phee.
ulppaadanam 155,161 udaaharanagal.
eph. sii.
ulppaadanam 1,91,724 udaaharanagal.
eph. bii.
adutha 40 varshathekku holdente ettavum valia praadeshika ethiraaliyaayi maarunna efbs model oottathinidayil, foord faalkkan avatharippichu. ennirunnaalum 1961ll holden 49.6 sathamaanam vipani vihitam nilanirtthi, appozhum oassi faalkkane sradheyamaaya maarjinil marikadannu
ulppaadanam 174,747 udaaharanagal.
iii. keey.
efbiyude oru cheria punarroopakalppanayaayirunnu ike, iva randum thammilulla oreyoru sradheyamaaya vyathyasam badgark crome trim maathramaan.
ulppaadanam 150,214 udaaharanagal.
moonnaam thalamura.
moonnaam thalamura holden oru savisheshamaaya angular grillulla oru puthiya styling puthiya munnira premiier specification avatharippikkukayum oduvil mattu niravadhi adambara oopshanukalkkoppam holdenil bucket seettukal konduvarikayum cheythu. moonnaam thalamura holdente avasana pakuthi 1963 leeii voxhall eph. sii viktaril ninnu valareyadhikam prachodanam ulkkondathaanu. eee pakuthiyode echdiyile frond end disk breakkukal, echhaarile seett belttukal thudangiya noothana suraksha savisheshathakal vannu. echr kaalaghattatthil holden kooppukal pareekshikkaan thudangi, ennirunnaalum orikkalum oru theerumaanathilethiyilla, kurachu prototypeukal srishtichu, athinaal avayude sthaanam anjjaathamaanu. eee kaarukal thakarnnupokaan saadhyathayund, ennirunnaalum eee vaahanangalude vidhiyekkurich gmh orikkalum prathikarichittilla.
iju.
pruduction 154,811 udaaharanagal.
eh.
eee. jeey. yekkaal oru cheria punarroopakalppana mathramaayirunnu ithu, ennirunnaalum eee. jeey. yumayullah supradhana maattam kooduthal aadhunikamaaya chuvanna motorinte aamukhamaayirunnu, oduvil muun modalukalil upayogichirunna kaalaharanapetta chaara motoril ninnu maari. aadyathe homologation special holden, 'ezz 4 special', avatharippichu, athil 126 ennam nirmikkappettu.
ulppaadanam 256,959 udaaharanagal.
echdi.
kooduthal shudheekaricha grillum detroyittile gm design aasthaanathu poraadiya vipuleekritha frond fenderukalum ulla holdente roopathinte oru valia reedo aayirunnu echdi.
ulppaadanam 178,927 udaaharanagal.
echu. aarr.
hrasvamaaya frond gaardukal, grill gadippicha soochakangal, kwad headlightukalude midhyaadhaarana nalki, athinte mungami apekshichu kooduthal adambara roopakalppana nalkikkond echdiyekkaal soumyavum ennaal valare vijayakaravumaya parishkaranamaayirunnu echr. echaarinoppam chuvanna motorinte 186 cubic inch veriyantum vannu. valia thothil nirmmicha aadyathe sportt ooriyantad holden enchininoppam, holden special, holden premiier modalukalil x2 oopshante bhaagamaayi 186x2 labhyamaan.
ulppaadanam 252,352 udaaharanagal.
naalam thalamura.
deerghakaalamaayi kaathirunna monaro kooppe, vii8 enchinukalude audyogika upayogam, foord fairline vipani vihithathil holdens steb, long-wheelbase holden broham ennivayude aamukhathode naalam thalamura holden holdene sambandhichidatholam oru valia parinaamamayirunnu
echu. keey.
echke puthiya monaro avatharippichu, athinoppam valare janapriyamaaya gts trim level vannu, ennirunnaalum model puthiya 327 kyub inch small block chevrolatt vii8 powered monaro gts327 aayirunnu
ulppaadanam 199,039 udaaharanagal.
echu. tii.
echtiyekkaal cheria oru parishkkaranamaayirunnu echtiyude, ennaal gts327-neey gts350-nuu pakaram. echtiyodoppam puthiya holden vii8 enchinum vannu, munbathe 305,307 chevrolatt enangalkku pakaram. 308 cubic inch holden vii8 thudakkathil echti bromil maathrame labhyamaayirunnulloo, kaaranam cheria american vii8-kalude stokku liquidate cheyyaan gmh ippozhum aavasyamaanu.
ulppaadanam 183,402 udaaharanagal.
echu. jii.
echji design veendum, athinu munbu vanna rund modalukalkk samanamaayirunnu, echji 308 enchine kuranja specification modalukalilekku avatharippichu, puthiya trimetic 3-speed automatic gearboxynoppam, oduvil automatic traansmissionukal mukhyadhaarayilekku konduvannu, munbu labhyamaayirunna irakkumathi cheytha power glide, hydramatic traansmissionukalekkaal chelavu kuravaayirunnu. 3 speed turbo-hydramatic 350 ippozhum holden 308-nuu pinnilum bakkiyulla irakkumathi cheytha chevrolatt 350-nuu pinnilum labhyamaayirunnu.
ulppaadanam 155,787 udaaharanagal.
anchaam thalamura.
1971ll anchaam thalamura holden avatharippichathu 1948ll yadhaartha aii. dii. 1nuu sheshamulla aadyathe poornna punarroopakalppanayaayi adayaalappeduthi. eee maattathode kooppe, sedan, steshan vaagan modalukalkkaayulla puthiya semi-monocook architecture yoott, panalwan, puthuthayi avatharippicha vann tunner model ennivaykkaayi phul body-oonn-chassis design kazhiyum. holden enna peru illaatha puthiya stettsmaan modalinu anukoolamaayi brom upekshichu.
echu. kyu.
camaro, cheval ennivayumaayi saadrishyam pankidunna mattoru valia chevrolatt prachoditha roopakalppanayaanu holden echu. kyu. 1999ll seerees II vidi comodore avatharippikkunnathuvare chevrolatt small block vii8 avatharippicha avasana holden modalaayirunnu echkyu. echkyu monaroykkoppam els vannu, sedanteyum vaaganinteyum premiier specificationu samanamaaya oru vakabhedamaanu ithu. holdente motorsport teamukal cheria thoraanayilekk thirinjathinaal, homologationte varaanirikkunna falamillaathe, echkyu monaro kooduthal adambara kendreekrithamaayirikkum.
ulppaadanam 485,650 udaaharanagal. ithuvare nirmmichathil vachu ettavum kooduthal holden
echu. jeey.
valia crome grillukal thirichethiyathode echje holdenil kooduthal cadilac-escue stailing avatharippichu. ennirunnaalum, dashboard design ozhike oru tunner valia thothil maattamillathe thudarunnathinoppam monaro echkyu stail tailliteukal nilanirtthi.
ulppaadanam 176,202 udaaharanagal.
echx.
bakkiyulla kooppe bodishellukalkkaayi oru rauntt modalaayi roopakalppana cheytha monaro limittad edition echx kooduthalum ariyappedunnu, leyude 580 udaaharanangalum parasparam samanamaayirunnu.
ulppaadanam 110,669 udaaharanagal.
echu. isad.
munbu elx torranayil pareekshicha radial tyoon cheytha suspension (arts) saankethikavidyayude aamukhavum koopp body stail illaathaakkunnathum ippol holden ennu vilikkunna belmond trim level illaathaakkunnathum aanu echs holdenumaayi vanna pradhana mattangal.
ulppaadanam 154,155 udaaharanagal.
dablyu. bii.
dablyubi rench purathirangiyathinoppam, sedan, steshan vaagan bodistailukal upekshichu, yoott, panalwan, kyab chassis body stailukal maathram avasheshichu, dablyubi neela motor avatharippichu, ithu chuvappinte 17 varshathe oottathinu anthyam kurichu. dablyu. bii. uthppaadanam avasaanippichathinushesham, 36 varshathinusesham holdente uthppaadanam avasaanichu, holden avarude shradha avarude cheria comodore modalilekku maatti.
ulppaadanam 60,231 udaaharanagal.
vakabhedangal.
athinte derivative holden ss
athinte vaanijya vaahanathe adisthaanamaakkiyulla derivative holden sandman.
karayil pidichunilkkuka.
holden yoottinteyum vaaganinteyum 4x4 parivartthanam cheytha pathippaya holden ovarlaandar, holden 308 vii8, turbo 400 gearbox, aaksalukal, transfer cases ennivaykkoppam usile daana prathyekamaayi ovarlaandarinaayi nirmmichu. tusmaniayile lonsestanil arther hayward puthiya holden youtsilum vaaganukalilum ninnaan ovarlaandar nirmmichathu. gmh nagna shellukal vilkkunnath nishedhichu, ennirunnaalum ovarlaandar vaangunnavarkk avarude factory vaaranti nilanirtthi.
shareera shailikal.
sedan.
1948ll efx upayogichu holdenaayi avatharippicha aadyathe body stailil, cabin spacil ninnu pinn seett kushan upayogichu verthiricha poornna valuppathilulla bootullah 4-doorr, 5 seett design ulppedunnu.
kooppe yoottility.
foord oostreliyayude valare janapriyamaaya kooppe yoottilittiyumayi malsarikkunnathinu 1951-ll kooppe yoottility allengil 'yutte' avatharippichu, ithu sedaansinte munvashathe vaathilukal munnott nilanirtthi, ennittum poornnamaayum punarroopakalppana cheytha pinbhagam undaayirunnu. 1971-ll paanal vaaninoppam classic unibody stylinekkaal body-oonn-chassis stail design yoottinu nalki.
paanal vaan.
yoottinu thottupinnaleyaanu paanal vaan avatharippichathu, pradhaanamaayum oru sthira sheett mettal hardtopulla yoottine adisthaanamaakkiyulla oru vaanijya vaan.
vaagan.
phee janareshanodoppamaanu vaagan avatharippichathu, ithu adisthaanaparamaayi pinn vaathilukalkk munnilulla sedanu samanamaayirunnu, avaa svayam extended roofline upayogichu ozhukaan parishkkarichu, chathuramaaya pinbhagam, oru liftt back rear hatch, pinn seett back ennivayullava, ithavana cabinil ninnu boot space poornnamaayum verthirikkunnathinuparam lagej devideraayi pravartthikkunnu.
kooppe.
akkaalathe faalkkan futurayumaayum dheeramaaya kooppukalumaayum malsarikkunnathinu 1968 ll echke shreniyil eare pratheekshichirunna kooppe body stail avatharippichu, kooppeyude frond clip boot-lidum adisthaanaparamaayi kooppaykkum sedaninum edayilulla crosswor paanalukalaayirunnu, reestail cheytha pinn quarter paanalukalum vipuleekaricha vaathilukalum.
long wheelbase sedan.
foord fairlainumaayi malsarikkunnathinaanu long-wheelbase brogum avatharippichathu, brogum adisthaanaparamaayi oru extended bootum cabin spacinte pinbhaagathu kurachu krameekaranavumulla oru staanderd holden sedanayirunnu. 1971-ll, brom ghattamghattamaayi neekkam cheyyukayum pakaram ore lakshyathinte maathrkayaaya stettsmaan sthaapikkukayum cheythu, ennirunnaalum fairlaninte vipani vihithathilekku kaimaattam cheiyunnathil stettsmaan kurachu vijayam kandu.
oru tonn.
1971 ll echkyu renchinoppam oru tunner avatharippichu, 'tunner adisthaanaparamaayi oru kooppe yoottilittiyaayirunnu, pinn tray vibhaagam oru kyab-chassis design nadappilaakki neekkam cheythu,' tunneril oru vipuleekritha ladder frame ulppeduthiyirunnu.