
escromassine

espromassin, acetopromacin allengil asattailpromaasin (saadhaaranayaayi acp, ezz, allengil attraavett allengil assaisin 2 enna vyaapaaranaamangalaal ariyappedunnu, milligram/millie dosine aashrayich nambar) oru phenothasine derivative anticycotic marunnaan. 1950kalil manushyaril oru antisaikkottikkaayi ithu upayogichirunnuvenkilum ippol mrugangalil mayakkavum aantimettikkumaayi maathramaayi ithu upayogikkunnu. chlorpromacin enna athinte adutha bandhamullah analog ippozhum manushyaril oru antisaikkottikkaayi upayogikkunnu. hyper active allengil odivulla mrugangalil raasa niyanthranamaayaan espromasine praadhamikamaayi upayogikkunnathu.
staanderd farmaceutical thayyaareduppaaya espromasine malettu naaykkalilum poochakalilum vettinari medisinil upayogikkunnu. ithu kuthirakalil pree-anastheshya sedeteevaayi vyaapakamaayi upayogikkunnu, koodaathe anastheshyayumaayi bandhapetta maranam kuraykkumennu theliyikkappettittund. ennirunnaalum, paraphymosis, sthiramaaya priyapisam ennivayude apakadasaadhyatha kaaranam staaliyansil ithu jaagrathayode upayogikkanam (pakshe poornnamaayum virudhamalla). hridayasambandhamaaya prathyaaghaathangalkkulla athinte saadhyatha aazhathilullathaakam, athaayath peripheral vasodilation moolamulla hypotension, athinaal ithu ozhivaakkukayo praayapoorthiyaaya allengil durbalamaaya mrugangalil jaagrathayode upayogikkukayo venam.
farmacology.
espromaasisinte klinikkal farmacology mattu phenothasine ninnu uruthirinja aanti-cycotic ejantumaarude samaanamaayathaan. praadhamika perumatta falangalkku kaaranam poost-synaptic dii 2 resepterukaludeyum kurachu alavil mattu dii 2 polulla resepterukaludeyum sakthamaaya vairudhyamaanu. α1-adrenergic resepterukal, echu1 resepterukal, mascarinic asattailkolin resepterukal ennivayulppede mattu vividha resepterukalil athinte prashamsaneeyamaaya virudha falangalumaayi adhika efakttukal bandhappettirikkunnu. karal ithu metabolise cheyyukayum ooksidais cheyyukayum athinte praadhamika metabolaittaaya hydroxyethylpromacine sulfoxide uthpaadippikkukayum athu moothrathil visarjjikkukayum cheiyunnu. keemoriseptar trigger sonilum (posttema pradeshathu), eakaantha nucleusilum (medullah oblongaattayil) athinte pravartthanam athine oru antimetic prabhavam undakkaan anuvadikkunnu.
mrugasamrakshana upayogam.
naayay poochayum.
mrugangalil acromassine ettavum saadhaaranamaaya upayogangal sammarddakaramaaya sambhavangalkk (idiminnal polullava) munbulla oru ooral sedative, prathyekichu aakramanaathmakamo potalo ulla mrugangalkku kuthivaykkaavunna trankviliser, vedanasamhaarikal, mattu mayakkavasthukkal ennivayumaayi samyojippichirikkunnu. chalana rogam thadayunnathinu upayogikkunnathinu ithu label cheythittundu. oru cns depressant enna nilayil athinte phalangal ardhamaakkunnathu athe alavil mayakkathilekku ethaan kurachu opiyettukal maathrame aavashyamulloo, koodaathe ithu pala opiyettukalum prerippikkunna aritmiya chharddiyum thadayunnu. 
poochakalil prathikoola phalangal.
poochakalil acromassine upayogikkumbol, athinte agiranam kramarahitavum vyakthikalkkidayil vyathyaasappedunnathumaayir. ithu saadhaaranayaayi naaykkale apekshichu kuranja mayakkathinu kaaranamaakunnu. straittathilum substaanshya nigrayilum dopamine resepterukale thadayunnathiloode ithu swaabhaavika motor pravartthanatthinum (poochakalilum naaykkalilum, ennaal palappozhum poochakalil) kaaranamaakunnu.
naaykkalil prathikoola phalangal.
1950-kalile saahityangal manushyarogikalil phenothasine moolamundaakunna pidichedukkalukalekkur aashanka uyarthi. ekkaaranathaal, apasmaramulla naaykkalude rogikalil escromassine upayogathekkurichu chinthikkumbol saadhaaranayaayi jagrata paalikkaarund, kaaranam ithu apasmaarathinte paridhi kuraykkunnuvennu parakke vishwasikkappettirunnu. ennirunnaalum, kooduthal nilavile padanangal, escromassine upayogavum sesher pravartthanavum thammilulla nalla bandham kaanikkunnathil parajayappettu, koodaathe sesher niyanthranatthil escromassine oru punk vahikkaan saadhyathayunda tennessi sarvakalaashaalayile oru munkaala padanatthil, munkaala charithramulla 36 naaykkalkku shaanthamaakkaanum 11 naaykkalil sesher pravartthanam kuraykkaanum escromassine nalki. marunnu sweekaricha 36 naaykkalil escromassine nalki 16 manikorinullil pidichedukkalukalonnum kandilla, koodaathe 1.5 muthal 8 manikkoor vare (n = 6) pidichedukkal kurayukayo sajeevamaayi pidichedukkunna 10 naaykkalil ettu ennathil (n = 2) thirichuvaraathirikkukayo cheythu. oru naayayil 2 maasathekku avesham moolamulla pidichedukkal kuranju. munkootty allengil theevramaaya pidichedukkal charithramulla naaykkalkku escromassine nalkunnathu pidichedukkaline shakthippeduthillennum pidichedukkal kuraykkunnathinulla chila pravanathayundennum randaamathe munkaala padanatthil nigamanam cheythu. 1950-kalil report cheyyappetta yadhaartha sesher munnariyippukal manushya rogikalil thaarathamyena uyarnna alavil anticycotic chlorpromacin ullavaraayirunnu, athesamayam mukalil udharicha rund prasidheekaricha vettinari padanangalil upayogichirikkunna escromassinte alavu valare kuravaanu.
chila boxermaaril, aspromassin vasovagal syncopin (sahaanubhoothiyulla naadeevyavasthayude uthejanam kurayunnathu kaaranam) hypotension (vasodilation kaaranam) kaaranamaakukayum ithu thakarchayilekku nayikkukayum cheyyum. boxermaarude chila kudumbangalil maathrame ithu sambhavikkukayulloo, ennaal oru naayaykk anjjaathamaaya apakadasaadhyatha ardhamaakkunnathu eee inathil escromassine kuranja alavil upayogikkanam, allengil ottum upayogikkaruthu ennaanu. eathoru inathilumulla naaykkalkkum hypotension savisheshathayulla aazhathilulla prathikaranam undakam, prathyekichu hridayasambandhamaaya oru prashnamundengil.
bheeman inam naaykkalilum saitt houndukalilum, ecromassine mayakkafalangal 12-24 manikkoor neendunilkkum, ithu saadhaarana 3-4 manikkoorinekkaal valare kooduthalaanu.
abcb1" ("mdr1") jeenil oru mutationulla naaykkal.
multidrug resistant protein 1 (mdr 1) ennum ariyappedunna pii-glycoprotein (pii-jipi), kosha stharangalil kaanapedunna oru proteinaan, ithu aspromassin, ivermectin thudangiya chila marunnukalude mettabolisathinum visarjanathinum pradhaanamaan. eee protein "abcb 1" jeane (munbu "mdr 1" jeane ennariyappettirunnu) encode cheythirikkunnu. abcb 1" leeii oru mutation pii-gp shariyaayi uthppaadippikkunnathil ninnu thadayunnu, athinaal eee mutationulla naaykkalkku pii-jipiyude substrateukalaaya marunnukalodu (aspromassin polullava) vardhicha samvedanakshamathayundu. heterosaigas (athaayath, oru pravarthanakshamamaaya "abcb 1" jean oru pravarthanarahithamaaya jean ulla) naaykkal homocygus (athaayath, mutent jeeninte rund pakarppukalulla) naaykkale apekshichu aspromassinode samvedanakshamatha kuravaanu. australian edayanmaaril 50 sathamaanavum parivartthanam cheyyappetta "abcb 1" jeane vahikkunnathupole 75 sathamaanam kolikalum vahikkunnu. boarder koolii, engleesh sheppered, jarmman sheppered, ooldu engleesh shepdog, saitt houndukal, shelttikal, neelamulla mudiyulla greyhound ennivayaanu mattu badhita enangal.
eee mutationulla parisodhanakal labhyamaan.
kuthira.
kuthirayude shasthrakriyayil, aspromassin upayogichulla premedication periyanasthettik marananirakk kuraykkunnathaayi theliyikkappettittund, orupakshe oru mayakkavum ansiolitic enna nilayilulla pravartthanangal kaaranam. kuthira ithinakam aaveshabharithamaanenkil ithu oru mayakka marunnu enna nilayil falapradamalla.
koodaathe, laminitis chikilsayil oru vaasodilettaraayi aspromassin upayogikkunnu, avide "laitt sedation" thulyamaaya oru ooral doses saadhaaranayaayi upayogikkunnu, ennirunnaalum upayogikkunna doses chikilsikkunna mrugadoktare valareyadhikam aasrayichirikkunnu. ithu vidoora avayavathil vasodilation purappeduvikkunnuvennu kaanikkumbol, lamineyil perfusion vardhippikkunnathil athinte falaprapti kaanikkunna thelivukal illa. kuthirayude kadinamaaya rabdomiolysis anubavikkunna kuthiraye chikilsikkaanum ithu chilappol upayogikkunnu.
yukeyil, manushya upabhogathinaayi uddeshichittulla kuthirakalil upayogikkaan espromassine amgeekarichittilla.
prathikoola phalangal.
paarshwafalangal saadhaaranamalla, pakshe paraphymosis, priyapisam ennivayude apakadasaadhyatha kaaranam staaliyansil espromassin upayogam jaagrathayode upayogikkanam (pakshe poornnamaayum virudhamalla).
rakthasammardham kuraykkunnathinaal anaemiya, nirjjaleekaranam, shock allengil vankudal enniva anubavikkunna kuthirakalil ithu shradhaapoorvvam upayogikkanam. pyperasine upayogichu puzhukkale illaathaakkunna kuthirakalil ithu upayogikkaruthu.