
baabilon kunninte yuddham

1642 septambar 7 nuu, aadyathe engleesh aabhyantharayudhathinte prarambha ghattangalil, thekkupadinjaaran englandile yovilinaduthu rajakeeyavum paarlamenteriyan sainyavum thammil nadanna oru anishchithathvaparamaaya ettumuttalaayirunnu baabilon hill yuddham. aduthulla raajakeeyarude kaivashamulla sherbone paarlamenteriyan uparodham parajayappettathine thudarnnaanu eee vivaahanischayam nadannathu. paarlamenteriyanmaar yovililekk pinwangia sesham, avarude prasthaanangal veendum nireekshikkaan 350 oolam raajakeeyarude oru senaye ayachu. sarr ralph hopttante neethrthwathil, yovil praanthapradeshathulla baabilon kunnin mukalil rajakeeya vibhaagam svayam sthaapichu.
sooryaasthamayathinu araa manikkoor munbu, raajakeeyavaadikal pinmaran theerumaanikkukayum avarude kaalalppadaye kunnin mukaliloode march cheyyaan thudangukayum cheythu. avar angane cheyyumbol, paarlamenteriyan sainikar aduthuvarunnathu avar kandu, hopttan thidukkathil kaalalppadaye thirichuvilichu aakramanathe neridaan thante aalukale niyogichu. kooduthalum athil ulppettirunna sainikarude anubhavaparichayakkurav kaaranam yuddham kuzhappathilaayi. ekadesham 350 peradangunna paarlamenteriyan seena tritala kuthirappada akramanam nadatthi, iruvibhaagangaleyum paraajayappedutthiyenkilum raajakeeyavaadikalkku athine pinthirippikkaan kazhinju. aashayakkuzhappathil, oduvil iruttinte maravil thirichupokaan avarkk kazhinju.
irupakshathinum kanatha naashanashtangal sambhavichu; irupakshavum arupatho athil kooduthalo aalukal kollappettathayi avakaashappettengilum, oru aadhunika kanakk soochippikkunnathu raajakeeyavaadikalkku irupathum paarlamenteriyanmaarkku anchum nashtamaayi ennaanu. paarlamenteriyanmaar pinneedu yovilile dorchestarilekku pinmari, ekadesham randaazhchaykku sesham rajakeeyakkaar eee pradeshathu ninnu poornnamaayum pinmari.
pashchaathalam.
paarlamentile anchu amgangale arast cheyyaan rajaavu shramichathinethudarnnu 1642ll paarlamentum chaals rajaavum thammilulla samgharsham kuthane vardhichu. praadeshika paarlament amgavum (empy) parichayasambannanaaya oru sainika udyogasthanumaaya sarr ralph hopttante pinthunayode rajaavu hertfordile maarkvasine padinjaaran raajyathe thante sainyathinte kamaandaraayi niyamichu. somerset kaundi pothuve rajaavinodullathinekkaal paarlamentinodu kooduthal anukambayullavaraayirunnu, rajakeeyakkaar kinarukalil thaamasasthalam sthaapichathinushesham avar nirantharam bheeshaniyilaayirunnu. maarshalinte elmil nadanna oru cheria ettumuttalil avar vijayichu, avide avarude unnatha kuthirapadayum neethrthwavum valare valia paarlamenteriyan senaye paraajayappeduthaan sahayichu, pakshe august 6 nuu praadeshika janangal pichforkkukal polulla thaalkkaalika aayudangal upayogichu avarkkethire uyarnnappol avar kinarukal vidaan nirbandhitharaayi. hertford dorsettile sherbonylake pinwangi, avide addeham 1,500 ll thaazhe aalukalumayi kottaye kaaval nirtthi. dorset athinte anubhaavathil bhinnichu valia pattanangalil bhooribhaagavum paarlamentine anukoolichu; ennaal kooduthal graamapradesangalilum kaundiyude vadakku bhaagathum pothuve raajakeeyavaadikalkku kooduthal pinthunayundaayirunnu.
bedfordile anchaamathe earlile vilyam rassalinte neethrthwathil 3,500 muthal 7,000 vare amgangalulla paarlamenteriyan sainyam 1642 septambar 2 nuu sherbone uparodhichu. aadya divasam thanne, raajakudumbaamgangalkk pattanatthile thanne niravadhi ettumuttalukal neridendi vannuvenkilum paarlamenteriyan bombakramanam thadayaan avarkk kazhinjilla. uparodhikkunna sainyathin nereyulla thirichadiyaaya peeranki aakramanangalumaayi chernnu ellah rathriyum shatru campil cheria akramanangalil hopttan thante dragonukale nayichu. anubhavaparichayamillaatha paarlamenteriyan sainyam niravadhi palayanam anubhavichu, septambar 5/6 nuu ratri 800 aayi report cheythu. bedfordinte sainyam 1,200 muthal 1,500 vare kurayukayum hopttante neethrthwathilulla oru cheria samgharshathaal pinthudarnnu addeham yovililekk pinvaangukayum cheythu.
munkootty.
uparodham pinvalichathinte pittennu, 150 kuthirakaleyum (kuthirapadayum dragonukalum) 200 kaalalppadayaalikaleyum ulppede 350 oolam aalukalumayi hertford hopttanine ayachu. yeviline sameepikkumbol, hopttan baabilon kunnin mukalil svayam sthaapichu, athu pattanam kaanaan anuyojyamaaya sthalamaayi addeham thiricharinju, kaaranam veli varacha kuzhikal kaaranam thante sainyathe kunnin mukalilekku kayaranayi anuvadichu. aakramanathe bhayann, hopttan kodumudiyilekkulla sameepanagalil thokkukalum dragonukalum sthaapikkukayum avide thante kuthirapadayeyum sheshikkunna thokkukaleyum shekharikkukayum cheythu. yoo nadiyil vyaapichukidakkunna yovil paalatthil bedford kaalalppadayum peerankikalum adangunna oru kaavalkkaarane niyogichirunnu. hopttante aalukalkk eee kaavalkkaarane nannayi kaanaamaayirunnu, oru manikkooriladikam addehathinte thokkudhaarikal kaavalkkaarkk nere vediyuthirthu.
yuddham.
vaikunneram aduthethiyappol, hopttan thante kamaandarmaarumaayi koodiyaalochikkukayum raathriyil sherbonylake viramikkaan theerumaanikkukayum sooryaasthamayathinu araa manikkoor munbu vaikunneram 6 manikk kaalaalppada pinvalikkaan thudangukayum kuthirapadayum dragonukalum pinbhagam moodukayum cheythu. kaalaalppada muzhuvan baabilon kunnil ninnu purappedunnathinu munbu kenal loady enna oru rajakeeya udyogasthan oru shatru samgham "rahasya maarggam" vayalukalilekku adukkunnathu kandu. hopttan prathirodhicha pallikaliloode kunnin mukalilekku kayarunnathinupakaram, hopttante pathiyirunnu akramanam ozhivaakkikkond paarlamenteriyanmaar vayalukaliloode nere kadakkukayaayirunnu. yudhathekkurichulla oru paarlamenteriyan vivaranam anusarichu, "njangale rasippikkunnathinaayi rajakeeyakkaar oro vashathum aarr thokkudhaarikale nirtthiyirunnuvenkilum avarkk njangale ellaavareyum nashtamaayi."yudhathekkurichulla thante ormmakkurippukalil, valathukai galiye samrakshikkunna irupathu thokkudhaarikalum idathu kaii galiyile velikalil olippichirikkunna dragonukalum thanikkundaayirunnuvennu hopttan parayunnu.
hopttan kaalalppadaye thirike vilikkukayum aduthuvarunna paarlamenteriyanmaare neridaan thante kuthirappadaye yuddha roopeekaranathilekku konduvarikayum cheythu. charitrakaaranaaya richard brooks thudarnnulla pooraattatthe "yudhathekkaal kuzhappamullath" ennu visheshippichu."aduthuvarunna paarlamenteriyanmaare akramikkaan hopttan rund sainyathe ayachu, aadyathethu kyapttan edward stovalinteyum randaamathethu kyapttan henry morettaninteyum neethrthwathilaanu. hopttan parayunnathanusarichu, sameepikkunna shathruvine paraajayappedutthunnathil stovel vijayichu, pakshe addehathinte anubhavaparichayamillaatha kuthirappadayekkaal ennathil kooduthal avar parajayappettu, avarude parakkal morettante aalukalkkidayil paribhranthi srishtikkukayum pinvaangukayum cheythu. yudhathekkurichulla paarlamenteriyan vivaranam parayunnath, avarude moonnu kuthirappadayaalikalil aadyathethu raajakudumbaangalilekku athicheraan kyapttan isokaanu command cheythathennum athu "oru sainikane kadannupokaanum charge cheyyukayum randaamatheyaale charge cheyyukayum cheythu, pakshe pinneedu oodikkaan santhoshichu."kyapttan tomsante kuthirappada yudhathil athiyappol karyangal kuzhappathilaayennu vivaranam rekhappeduthunnu, ithu" "valare churungiya samayathinullil, iruvashathumulla ellah kuthirakalum aashayakkuzhappathilaayirunnu hopttante ormmayodu yojikkunnu"."
mattoru koottam paarlamenteriyanmaar hopttante sainyathinte valathuvashathulla oru kuzhiyilekku kayari kunnin mukalil ethi, athu thokkudhaarikale thirichuvilikkappettathi sesham samrakshikkappedaathe pooyi "munbatheppole thokkudhaarikalude oru samghathe nirthaan marannupoyathinu" kaalaalppadayude thalavanaaya sarr thomas lunsfordine hopttan kuttappedutthi."mothatthil, paarlamenteriyanmaar ekadesham 350 pere raajakeeyavaadikaleppole poraattatthinu niyogichu. pramukha rajaprathinidhi sarr edward nicolas ezhuthiya kathil, kodumudiyiletthiyappol, paarlamentinte lefttanant generalaya vilyam baalforinte makanaaya paarlamenteriyan kyapttan "thante sainyathil ninnu ottaykku vaal uyarthi, thannodu poraadaan aareyengilum dhairyappeduthumennathu" addeham vivarichu."joonn stoval velluvili neridaan sawari cheythu, balfour thante pisttal akale ninnu vedivachathinushesham, krithyathayode parayanakunnathuvare stoval thante thee pidichu vekkukayum nenjil balfour vedivachu vaal upayogichu avasanippikkukayum cheythu. sambhavathekkurichulla hopttante vivaranam alpam vyathyasthamaan, mattoru rajakeeya sainikanaaya jaims colbone stovalinte eaka chaarjinu oresamayam oru pakshikal upayogichu balforine vedivachathaayi soochippikkunnu. rund saahacharyangalilum balfour vikalaamganaakukayum addehathinte sainyam paraajayappedukayum cheythu. yudhathil balfour kollappettathayi rajakeeya reportukal avakashappettu, ennaal paarlamenteriyan ayachayaal addehathe paraamarsikkunnilla, "kollappettavaril oraalozhike ellaavarum kyapttan aisokinte sainyathil ninnullavaraan" ennu maathram parayunnu. yudhathekkurichulla thante vivaranathil, charitrakaaranaaya roobert morris soochippikkunnathu balfour njettippoyennum aaa varshathe pilkkala edapedalukalil sajeevamayirunnuvennum aanu. ashayakkuzhappam pidichadakkiya hopttan, "kurachu manyanmaar kondu moodappetta" thante kaalalppadaye veendum pinvalikkaan theerumaanichu, iruttil, muzhuvan rajakeeya vibhaagathinum avarude pinvaangal nannakkaan kazhinju.
rajavargakkaar kunnin mukalil ninnu erangumbol, neratthe parajayappetta 16 oolam paarlamenteriyanmaare kandathayi hopttan rekhappeduthunnu. addehathinte aalukal kurachu sainikare konnu, pakshe avaril bhooribhaagatheyum thadavilaakkukayum rajakeeyar sherbonylake thirike kondupookukayum cheythu. irupakshathinum undaaya nashtam nirnnayikkaan prayaasamaan; rajakeeya prachaaranangal avar 100 num 140 num idayil kollappettuvennum 16 pere maathrame nashtappettulloovennum avakashappettu, athil oru udyogasthan thadavilakkappettu. ithinu vipareethamaayi, thangalude moonnu perr maathrame marichulloovennum hopttante 60 sainikar kollappettuvennum paarlamenteriyanmaar abhiprayappettu. aabhyantharayudhasamayathe thante samarsettinte charithratthil, paarlamentamgangalkk anchum raajakeeyavaadikalkku irupatholam perum nashtappettathayi david andardaun soochippikkunnu. mattoru charitrakaaranaaya timm goodwin paarlamenteriyanmaarkku 15 allengil 16 umm raajakeeyakkaarkk 50 muthal 60 vareyum nashtam undayathaayi uyarnna kanakkukal nalkunnu. raajakudumbaamgangalude nashtangalil rund kaalaalppada udyogastharum undaayirunnu; lefttanant haalum kyapttan hassiyum, avaril randaamathethu "adambara vasthram dharichu" yudhathilekku poyathaayi parayappedunnu.
anantharafalangal.
hopttan vivarichathupole, bedfordile erl thante sainyathe yovilile dorchestarilekku pinvalichu. porttsmouthu paarlamenteriyanmaar pidicheduthathaayi ariyunnathinumumbu, yudhathinu sesham ekadesham randaazhchayolam rajakeeya sainyam sherbonil thudarnnu. hopttante upadeshathinu virudhamaayi hertford, avar boatil rakshappett velsilekku pookunna mineheadylake pinwangan theerumaanichu. paarlamentinodu pradhaanamaayum anukambayulla raajyathudaneelamulla neenda maarchil rajakeeyakkaar kanatha palayanam anubhavichu, eee samayat avare bedfordinte sainyam pinthudarnnu. mineheadle, rund bottukal maathrame ulloo ennu avar kandethi, athinaal hertford kaalalppadayodum peerankikalodum oppam velikalilekku yaatra cheythu, athesamayam hopttanum 160 oolam kuthirakalum north devon vazhi konvaalilekku rakshapettu.
prachaarana yudhathil vijayam avakashappedaan irupakshavum shramichu; paarlamentinte bhaagathuninnu, "sherbonil ninnulla santhoshakaramaaya puthumukhangal" enna thalakkettilulla oru laghulekhayil "daivam arakalil bhayathinte oru aathmaavine elikaleppole ellah dwaarangalilekkum oodichennu paranju."ithinu vipareethamaayi, yudhathinushesham" "sathrukkal avarude vilapeshal valare moshamaayi eshtappettathinaal avar yoviline marikadannu march cheythu" "ennu hopttan paranju". steefan manganiyello thante encyclopedia oof dhaa vaaril paarlamentangale vijayikalaayi pattikappeduthiyittundum, eee ettumuttaline "eathaandu samanila" yaayi brooks samgrahikkunnu. rajakeeya kuthirappadaye adikkaamennum avarude nethaakkal thettukallillaathavarallennum kaanikkunna eee vivaahanischayam paarlamenteriyanmaarkku santhoshakaramaayirunnu.