
victorian railway echu klaas

1941 muthal 1958 vare victorian railway pravarthippichirunna oru express passenture steem locomotive aayirunnu victorian railway echu klaas. adelydilekkulla kuthaneyulla graducheytha padinjaaran pathayil "overland" sevanangalil eratta thala eiii 2 klaas lokkomotteevukalude upayogam illaathaakkaan uddeshichullathaanu, yudhakaala niyanthranangal oru locomotive maathram nirmmikkaan kaaranamaayi. hevi haari" ennu vilipperulla echu 220 austreliyayil ithuvare nirmmichathil vachu ettavum valia locomotive aayirunnu, koodaathe australian reyilveyil pravartthikkunna ettavum valia noonn-articulated steem locomotive aayirunnu.
charithram.
1923 aayappozhekkum, 1907 muthalulla eiii2 klaas 4-6-0 locomotteevukal, sarveesattanilekkum albariyilekkum antharsamsthaana expressukalil palappozhum eratta thalakkettaayirunnu, kaaranam vardhichuvarunna gathagatham oru eiii2-nte paramavadhi ettu kaarukalekkal kooduthalaayirunnu. victorian railway kammeeshanarmaar ganyamaayi kooduthal sakthamaaya locomotteevukal shupaarsha cheythu, aaa lainukalile bharana gradiantukalil sahayamillaathe pathinonnu kaarukal vare kondupokaan kazhiyum. 1928 muthal north eest line express sarveesukalil ninnu eiii2kalle sthaanabhrashtaraakkiya ezz klaas <aii. dii. 1> paciphics vegathilulla samayakramam avatharippikkan anuvadichu. ennirunnaalum, oru pasaphik tharam locomotive padinjaaran line anuyojyamaayirunnilla. melbone ballaattinum edayilulla bhaagath kuthane valanjathum kuthaneyullathumaaya charivukal undaayirunnu, athil ettavum kuprasidhamaayathu inglisttan baankinte 48 ll 1 (2.08%) bharana gradiantaayirunnu. 1923 muthal, vii. aarr. locomotive designermar loading gejil kaviyaathe vardhicha vaidyuthi nalkunnathinu moonnaamathe silindar upayogikkunnathinoppam <aii. dii. 1> parvatha tharam locomotteevukal pariganichirunnu.
hrasvamaaya design.
1936-ll victorian railway design oafees oru neeravi locomotteevinte pradhana roopakalppana aavasyakathakalkku anthimaroopam nalki, athu kuranjathu oru looad inglisttan baankil sahayamillaathe kondupokaan praapthamaanu. aavashyamaaya vaidyuthi vikasippikkunnathin, valare valia grettum valare valia boiler aavashyamaayirunnu, koodaathe 4-8-4 wheel krameekaranam athu praapthamakki, kaaranam athinte naalu chakrangalulla trekkinu oru valia fireboxine pinthunaykkaan kazhiyum, koodaathe naalu cuppled accelukal oru valia boyilarine pinthunaykkukayum nalloru gadakathe urappakkukayum cheyyum.
vii. aarr designermar munkaala klaas designinte vashangal mechappeduthaan aagrahichu. aaa moonnu silindar pasifikkukal, uyarnna vegathayil kanatha lodukal kondupokaan kazhivullavayaanengilum, thaarathamyena attakuttappanikal valare theevramaanennu thelinjirunnu, prathyekichu valve gearinte sevanavum moonnaamathe (akathe) silindarinte chalanavum. puram silindar pisttan vaalvukalude valve spindlesil ninnu pravartthikkunna gressley samyojitha valve gear, choodu vikasippikkaanum kshayichupokaanum saadhyathayund, ithu samaya budhimuttukal srishtikkunnu, koodaathe sentar silindar valve sarvees cheyyendivarumbozhellaam athu polichumaattukayum neekkam cheyyukayum venam.
aaa prasnangal marikadakkaan, echu classinu athinte moonnaamathe silindarinu ganyamaayi vyathyasthamaaya krameekaranam nalki. gressley samvidaanathinupakaram, ithinu jarmman henshell & soonn kanjugettadu valve gear upakaranangal undaayirunnu, ithu baahya silindarukalkkaayi walshert valve gearinte kompineshan liverukalil ninnu pravarthippikkunnu. akathe silindarum puram silindarukalekkaal kooduthal munnott sthaapichu, athu munnira cuppled aaksiline oodichu, puram silindarukal randaamathe cuppled aaksiline oodichu.
mechanical stokkar avatharippikkunna aadyathe vii. aarr. locomotive aayitheernna echu klaas, roller bairingukal, tenderil hydrostatic niyantritha looad compensating break gear, power oopparettad reversing gear, american shailiyilulla baar frame nirmmaanam, thermic saiphonukal, duplexes blaast paippukal thudangi niravadhi aadhunika savisheshathakal ulkkollunnu.
uthppaadanam.
newport varkshoppukalil moonnu echu klaas lokkomotteevukalude nirmmaanam 1939 ll aarambikkukayum moonnu settu frameukal nirmmikkukayum cheythu. ennaal randaam lokamahaayudham pottippurappettathine thudarnnu punny nirtthivachu. vardhicha yudhakaala gathagatham moolamundaaya prerakashakthiyude kuravu, klaas leader echu 220 poortthiyaakkunnathilekka nayikkukayum 1941 februvari 7 nuu locomotive sevanathil praveshikkukayum cheythu. ezz klaas locomotteevukalkku samaanamaayi streamlining aadyam aasoothranam cheythirunnuvenkilum yudhakaala sambadvyavasthakal athu upekshichathayi kandu.
bhaagikamaayi nirmmicha rund adhika echu klaas locomotteevukal apoornnamaayi thudarnnappol yudhakaala aayudhangalude uthppaadanathinum (pinneedu yudhaananthara moshamaayi takarnna adisthaana soukaryangalude punarnirmmaanatthinum) express passenture locomotive nirmmaanathekkaal munganana labhichu. avaa orikkalum poorthiyaayittilla, pinneedu bhagangal polikkukayum cheythu.
sevana jeevitam.
araarathilekkulla padinjaaran pathayil pravartthikkaan nirmmichathaanenkilum, echu klaas locomotive, athinte axiling looad enniva lainil pathivayi sarveesil praveshikkunnathinu munbu roottile niravadhi paalangal shakthippeduthendathund. labhyamaya vibhavangalkk yudhakaala niyanthranangal earppeduthiyathinaal aavashyamaaya jolikal maattivachu. athinaal, albariyilekkulla vadakkukizhakkan lainil echu 220 pravarthippichu, athinte loading gejum uyarnna axel load ulkkollaan kazhiyunna oreyoru line. ithu kooduthalum athivega charakk sevanangal nalkunnu, ennaal express passenture sevanangal, troop trainukal, saadhaarana ezz klaas pasaphik labhyamallaatha vichitramaaya avasarangalil, "purogathiyude manobhaavam" ennivayum ithu nalki. mosham kalkari klaas locomotteevukale baadikkukayum labhyatha kurayukayum cheytha yudhaananthara kaalaghattatthil ithu prathyekichum sambhavichu. 1940 kalude avasaanathil, 50 glentoy baankil-long 1 ll onnaamathethiyappol, athe ghattathil saadhaarana ezz klaas-hilled vegathayude moonnirattiyaanu echu 220, "spiritt" yude atharamoru oottathil athinte kazhivukalekkurichu soochana nalki. athu nischayicha samayathinu 13 minitt munbu seamore kadannupoyi, shedule cheytha aagamana samayamaya aii. dii. 1nuu 20 minitt munbu alberyil ethi.
1949ll melbone muthal ballaat vareyulla charakk trainukalil vii. aarr. dynamometer kaar vilayiruthiya niravadhi pareekshanangal nadathiyappol padinjaaran lainil hrasvamaayi prathyakshappettenkilum, "bhoopradeshathinte" prerakashakthiyaayi echu220 orikkalum pravarthichilla. dynamometer kaaril ninnulla phalangal kaanikkunnath locomotive ekadesham 3,300 drobar kuthirasakthiyum (2,460 kilowatt) eiii. tii. yum vikasippicheduthuvennum drobar tractive shramathinte thudakkamaanennum. australian reyilveyude charitraparamaaya samooham, "australian reyilveyude 100 nirvachikkunna vashangalil" echu220 avatharippikkunnathine pattikappedutthumbol, testt phalangal rekhappeduthiyathilum uyarnnathaanennum neeravi kaalaghattatthil austreliyayil thulyamallaatha oorjja ulppaadanam undennum deseeya reyil enr klaas deesal-electric locomotteevukal aadhunika kaalaghattatthil maathrame thulyamaayirunnulloovennum abhiprayappettu.
express passenture upayogathinaayi uddeshichittundengil, athivega charakk locomotive aayi upayogikkumbol echu 220 prathyekichum phalapradamaanennu kandethi. ithu saadhaaranayaayi melbone vodongaik idayil aazhchayil anchu madakkayaathrakal nadathukayum aazhchayil ekadesham 820 tonn (833 tonn) vare aaa lainile 50 gradiantukalil onnil kooduthal looad nadathukayum cheiyunnu. thaarathamyappeduthumbol, sii klaas <aii. dii. 1>, ex klaas <aii. dii. 2> hevi goods enjinukalude vodongaik melbone edayilulla paramavadhi looad yathaakramam 555 umm 650 umm tannaayirunnu. echu220-nuu valare kuranja samayathinullil yaatra poortthiyaakkaanum kazhinju, athinte valia tenderil mattu locomotteevukalkku aavashyamaaya vellathinum kalkkariykkumaayi rund stoppukalkku pakaram vellathinu oru stopp maathrame aavashyamulloo. 1952 muthal mainline deesal-electric traction avatharippichathinusheshavum victorian reyilveyude prachaarana saahithyathil echu220 pradhanamaayi ulppeduthiyirunnu. 1953 novemberil "wackabout" enna parasyatthil "njangal abhimaanikkunna trainukal" enna thalakkettilulla oru parasyam, echu220 neey "oostreliyayude ettavum sakthamaaya enchin" aayi prolsaahippikkukayum athinte ratri sevanathil alberry antharsamsthaana athivega charakk kayattunnuvennu rekhappeduthukayum cheythu.
ellah akkoundukalil ninnum, echu 220 oru vijayamayirunnu, athu sevanangal nadathunnathinum prathyekamaayi roopakalppana cheyyaatha oru lainil pravartthikkunnathinum athinte jeevithakalam chelavazhichuvenkilum. ottathavana locomotteevukal palappozhum hrasvamaaya pravartthana jeevithathilekku kondupookukayoo bhaagangalude nilavaaramillaathathum attakuttappanikalude aavashyakathakalum kaaranam upayogashoonyamaakukayo cheiyunnuvenkilum, 1950 kalude avasaanathil deesal electric locomotteevukal athine marikadakkunnathuvare echu 220 sevanathil thudarnnu. 15 varsham 3 maasathe sevanajeevithathil, ithu prathimasam sharashari 4,800 myliladhikam sanjarichu.
maranam.
yudhathinusheshavum, 1940kalil nirmmicha attakuttappanikalude baakklogumaayi vii. aarr budhimuttunnathinaal, echu klaas pravarthanatthinu aavashyamaaya ararattilekkulla lainil naveekaranangal nadannilla. 1950kalude thudakkathil vii. aarr oduvil valia mooladhana nikshepam aarambhichappol deesal, electric traction pariganayilaayirunnu. 1950 kalude thudakkathile deesal locomotteevukalkku saadhaaranayaayi echu classine apekshichu valare kuranja oorjja ulppaadanam undaayirunnuvenkilum, rando athiladhikamo locomotteevukal niyanthrikkunna oru jeevanakkaranodoppam onniladhikam yoonit pravartthanatthil avaa pravarthippikkaan kazhiyum. 1952 augustil, rund puthiya bii klaas deesal-electric locomotteevukal pareekshana velayil oru charakk train inglisttan bankilekku valichidukayum 67 minittinullil oru looad vahikkaan edutha athe dooram 44 minittinullil rund eiii 2 klaas locomotteevukal marikadakkukayum cheythu. bii klaas locomotteevukal echu klaasinte athe (mikachathallengilum) prakadanam nalkaanulla kazhivu theliyichu, pakshe kanatha aaksilukalude bhaaramo naveekaricha adisthaana soukaryangalude aavashyamo illaathe. avaa "bhoopradesam" mathramalla, pradhana charakk sevanangalkkum puthiya prerakashakthiyaayi maari. mainline steem lokkomotteevukalude divasangal ennappettu.
1956 meyy 20nuu oru attakuttappanikalkkayi pinvalikkunnathuvare echu220 sevanam thudarnnu. appozhekkum, sii, ex klaas hevi goods locomotteevukal kramena sevanathil ninnu pinvalikkukayum bii klaas deesal-electric, ell klaas electric locomotteevukal anaavasyamaakkiyathinaal avaa polikkukayum cheythu. echu220 naveekarikkunathinupakaram sambharikkukayum orikkalum sevanathilekku madangukayum cheythilla. 1958 epril 30nuu vii. aarr. locomotive rajisttaril ninnu ithu ezhuthithallappettu.
samrakshanam.
1960ll australian railway historikkal sosaitti oru railway museum sthaapikkunnathinaayi vijayakaramaayi lobby cheiyunnathu vare echu 220 erekkure kedupaadukalillathe nilaninnu. 1962ll myoosiyathil praveshicha echu220, eee theeyathi muthal athinte nakshatra pradarshanamaanu.
2008 eprilil, audyogikamaayi sevanathil ninnu pinmari 50 varshathinu sesham, echu 220 victorian heritteju rajisttaril chertthu. echu220 victoriyayile neeravi preraka shakti saankethikavidyayude unnathiye prathinidheekarikkunnuvennu samsthaanathinte ettavum uyarnna thalatthilulla paithruka samrakshanam urappunalkunnuvennum heritteju kaunsil chairman kriss gallagar abhiprayappettu. 2020 octoberil, 2019 meyy maasathil praadeshika empy melissa hoonn prakhyaapicha oru puthiya melkoora, kaalaavasthayil ninnu samrakshikkunnathinaayi echu 220-lum sameepathulla pradarshanangalilum nirmmichu.
moonnu silindar <aii. dii. 1>-nte lokathile avasheshikkunna oreyoru udaaharanamaanu echu220 ennu vishwasikkappedunnu.
reyilveyude maathruka.
hoow skeyil.
niravadhi nirmmathaakkal echu klaasinte pichala modalukal nirmmichittundu
1980kalil alco modalinte onniladhikam runs nirmmichu (athu pinneedu myoosiyathil samrakshikkappettirunnathu); 
train builder aduthide 1941-1950,1950-1958 ennee rund vakabhedangal puratthirakki.
paraamarshangal.
prathyeka