
kwerty keyboard bhasha vakabhedangalude pattika

laattin lipiyil ezhuthappetta vividha bhashakalkkaayi dhaaraalam kwerty keyboard leauttukal upayogikkunnu. eee keyboardukalil palathilum mattu bhaashakalude chila adhika chinnangal ulppedunnu, ennaal onniladhikam bhaashakalkk upayogikkaan kazhiyumenna lakshyathode roopakalppana cheytha leauttukalum nilavilundu (bahubhasha vakabhedangal kaanuka). microsopht vindosinu oonnal nalkikkond chila operating systengalkku prathyekamaaya vishadaamshangalkkoppam curety keyboard veriyantukalude pothuvaaya vivaranangalum eee pattika nalkunnu.
prathyeka bhasha vakabhedangal.
engleesh.
canada.
engleesh samsaarikkunna kanediyanmaar parambaraagathamaayi amerikkayil upayogikkunna athe keyboard leauttu upayogichittundu, avar pathivayi franch ezhuthenda avasthayilallengil. franch samsaarikkunna kanediyanmaar yathaakramam canadian franch (sii. eph. aarr), canadian franch akkan (sii. eph. eiii) keyboard leauttukale anukoolichittundu (chuvade kaanuka).
yunaittad kingdom.
yunaittad kingdow ireland britiish staanderd bs 4822 ll nirvachichirikkunna 48-qee pathippine adisthaanamaakki oru keyboard leauttu upayogikkunnu. ithu americayumaayi valare saamyamullathaan, pakshe oru altgr keeyum oru valia enter keeyum undu, athil £, € chinnangalum chila apoorvamaayi upayogikkunna ibisidic chinnangalum (̃, Â) ulppedunnu, koodaathe @, ", #, ~,\,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, |.
bs 4822:1994 staanderd altgr qee upayogichittilla, koodaathe Â, Â koodaathe £ ozhikeyulla noonn-aci pratheekangalkk pinthunayilla. ithu noonn-aassi prateeka takarnna baarinu (...) oru qee nalkukayum cheythu, ennaal valare saadhaaranayaayi upayogikkunna aassiai prateeka lamba baarinu (.|). velsh aksharamalayilum scotish gaelic aksharamalayilum upayogikkunna vividha diacretics pinthunaykkunnilla; koodaathe scots bhashayil valare apoorvamaayi upayogikkunna yog, Â enna aksharavum kanunnilla. athinaal, vividha nirmmathaakkal bs 4822 staanderd parishkkarikkukayo vipuleekarikkukayo cheythittunda
scots gaelic, velsh ennivaykku aavashyamaaya diacretics pinthunaykkunnathinaayi vindokalilum kromokalilum oru "yuke-extended" krameekaranam upayogichu chertthu (chuvade kaanuka); linux, ex-vindo systengalkku eee aavashyathinaayi vyakthamaayatho punarroopakalppana cheythatho aaya compose qee undu.
yuke apple keyboard.
apple keyboardinte britiish pathipp saadhaarana yuke leauttu upayogikkunnilla. pakaram, chila pazhaya pathippukalkk kurachu vyathyaasangalode us leauttu undu (chuvade kaanuka): us leauttinu vipareethamaayi chinnathilum chinnathilum athunnu. ithum nilavilundu, type cheythittundu. typingiloodeyum thudarnnu swaraaksharathiloodeyum umlaattukalil athunnu, koodaathe typingiloode β athunnu.
puthiya apple "britiish" keyboardukal yuu. esilo parambaraagatha yuke keyboardilo ninnu thaarathamyena vyathyasthamaaya oru leauttu upayogikkunnu. ithu oru neelameriya ritten qee upayogikkunnu, puthuthayi srishticha sthaanathodoppam idathuvashathu oru hrasvamaaya idathu, keyboardinte mukalil idathuvashathu parambaraagatha ibisidic kodukalkku pakaram. thacolinullil cherunna madhyanira keekk undu.
america.
eee leauttil adangiyirikkunna caractor inputt keekaludeyum shift keekaludeyum krameekaranam us naashanal staanderd aansi-insittukal 154-1988 (r1999) (munbu aansi x3.154-1988 (r1999)) ll vyakthamaakkiyittund, avide eee leauttine "assie keyboard" ennu vilikkunnu. american aikyanaadukalile deseeya nilavaarathinu ithu vyakthamaayi aavashyamillengilum, saadhaaranayaayi kaanappedunnathupole, poornna us keyboard leauttil anthaaraashtra nilavaaramulla iso/aiisi 9995-2 anusarichu saadhaarana function keekalum adangiyirikkunnu.
american aikyanaadukalil mathramalla, canada, austreliya, caribean rajyangal, hongong, maleshya, india, paakistaan, bangladesh, singapur, nyoosiland, dakshinaafrikka thudangiya engleesh samsaarikkunna mattu niravadhi adhikaaraparidhiyilum (yuke, ireland ozhike) us keyboardukal upayogikkunnu. eee pradeshangalile praadeshika aksharavinyasam chilappol britiish engleesh upayogavumaayi kooduthal aduthu yojikkunnu, ithu praadeshika aksharavinyaasathekkaal engleeshilekku bhasha sajjeekarikkunnathinte abhikaamyamallaatha paarshwafalangal srishtikkunnu. microsopht keyboard bhasha krameekaranangalum verthirikkumbol windos 8-lum athinusheshamulla pathippukalilum eee vairudhyam pariharikkappedum. us keyboardukal indoneshyayilum philippainsilum upayogikkunnu, avayil aadyathethu engleeshinte athe 26-akshara aksharamaalayaan upayogikkunnathu.
us keyboard leauttinu altgr keeykku pakaram randaamathe alt qee undu, ithu dedd keekalonnum upayogikkunnilla; ithu oru pidi bhashakal ozhike matellaavarkkum ithu kaaryakshamamallathaakkunnu. maruvashathu, praadeshikamaayi pathiv leauttil [] {}-nte keekal soukaryapradamallaatha sthaanangalil sthithicheyyunna raajyangalile programmermar us keyboard leauttu (allengil samanamaaya yuke leauttu) idaykkide upayogikkunnu.
chila keyboardukalil enter qee parambaraagathamaayi ullathinekkaal valuthaanu, koodaathe mukalilulla variyude oru bhaagavum edukkunnu, back slash keeyude (\) parambaraagatha sthaanathinte vistheernnam. eee sandarbhangalil back slash badal sthalangalilaanu sthithi cheiyunnathu. ithu sthirasthithi sthaanathinu mukalil, thulyamaaya chihna keeyude (=) valathuvashath oru varii sthaapikkaam. chilappol ithu athinte parambaraagatha saahacharyathin thazheyaayi, apostrophy keeyude (') valathuvashath oru varii sthaapikkunnu (eee sandarbhangalil enter qee athinte sthirasthithi sthaanathinte variyil saadhaaranayekkaal idungiyathaanu). parambaraagathamaayi sariyaaya shift keeyekkaal idungiya oru keeyude valathuvashathulla sthirasthithikku thaazheyulla rund varikalum ithaayirikkaam. arabi samsaarikkunna rajyangalil eee leauttinte oru vakabhedam upayogikkunnu.
eee vakabhedam | z-nte idathuvashathulla \qee, ~ 'qee evideyaano avide | \qee saadhaarana leauttilum, ~ 'qee saadhaarana leauttilumulla> <keeyilumaanu.
check.
pathonpathaam noottaandinte avasaanathil jarmman bharanathinte prabalamaaya bhashayaaya austriya-hangariyude bhagamaayirunna check samsaarikkunna pradeshathekku typetiter vannu. athinaal, check typetiterukalkku cuverts leauttu undu.
ennirunnaalum, irakkumathi cheytha computerukal avatharippichathode, prathyekichu 1990kall muthal, computer keybordukalkkaayi kwerty keyboard leauttu pathivayi upayogikkunnu. check kwerty leauttu aksharangalil (iii.jii. @$& mattullava) check keyboardil ninnu kaanathaayava oru american keyboardil sthithicheyyunna athe keekalil altgr upayogichu axus cheyyaavunnathaanu. check querts keyboardukalil altgrar vazhi axus cheiyunna eee pratheekangalude sthaanangal vyathyasthamaan.
danish.
danish, norwegian keyboardukalil Å/α, α/α, ω/ω ennee aksharangalkkulla samarppita keekal ulppedunnu, ennaal norwegian leauttil keekalum keekalum mattunnathinaal placement alppam vyathyasthamaan. (finnish-sweedish keyboard norwegian leauttinodu erekkure saamyamullathaan, ennaal aandu aandu upayogichu maattisthaapikkappedunnu. chila sisttangalil, danish keyboard yathaakramam strike cheyyumbol allengil qee pidichu ö/ö, ā/Â enniva type cheyyaan anuvadichekkaam.) vindokalulla computerukal saadhaaranayaayi rund keekalil achadicha ö Â, Â Â enniva upayogichu vilkkunnu, ithu ore computer hardware denmark, finland, norway, sweeden ennividangalil vyathyastha operating sisttam krameekaranangalumayi wilkan anuvadikkunnu.
dutch (netherlands).
ithu apoorvamaayi maathrame upayogikkunnulloovenkum (mikka dutch keyboardukalum yuu. ezz. internaashanal leauttu upayogikkunnu), dutch leauttu cuverty upayogikkunnu, pakshe € chihnam, diaresis (̃), braceukal ({}) ennivaykkum mattu chinnangalkk vyathyastha sthalangalkkum kootticherkkalukalundu. oru pazhaya pathippil dutch pratheekamaaya ij/ij-naayi single strock qee adangiyirunnu, ithu saadhaaranayaayi aandu ennivayude samyojanathiloode type cheiyunnu. 1990kalil, ibm pisikalkkaayi ippol kaalaharanapetta florin chihnamullah (duches guldentechen) oru pathipp undaayirunnu.
beljiyathinte franch samsaarikkunna bhaagath ninnulla swaadheenam kaaranam flandezhsil (beljiyathinte dutch samsaarikkunna bhagam), pakaram "asserty" keyboardukal upayogikkunnu.
thaazhe koduthirikkunna netherlandsile anthaaraashtram enna #us ennathum kaanuka.
estonian.
estoniyayil upayogikkunna keyboard leauttu phalatthil sweedish leauttinu samaanamaan. pradhana vyathyasam, keekalum (valathuvashathulla) yathaakramam pakaram vaykkunnu ennathaanu (randaamathe aksharam eestoniyan aksharamaalayude ettavum savisheshamaaya savisheshathayaanu). chila prathyeka chinnangalum dedd keekalum chuttum neekkunnu.
faroz.
denmark raajyathinte svayambharana bhagamaayathinaal pharoo dveepukal cherttha (ethu) ulla danish leauttinu samaanamaan.
franch (canada).
kaanadayil franch samsaarikkunna kaanadakkar saadhaaranayaayi upayogikkunna keyboard leauttu kaanadayile franch (sii. eph. aarr) aanu. francophone vpaniye lakshyamitulla laptopukalkkum staand-eloon keybordukalkkumulla ettavum saadhaaranamaaya leauttaanithu. fraansilum beljiyathilum upayogikkunna asserty leauttil ninnu vyathyasthamayi, ithu oru kwerty leauttaanu, athupole thanne chila franch vaipa padangalil kaanapedunna aaksant cheytha aksharangalilekku eluppathil praveshikkunnathinu usl canadayileyum engleesh samsarikkunnavar (yuu. ezz staanderd kwerty keyboardukal upayogikkunnathu pathivaanu) thaarathamyena saadhaaranayaayi upayogikkunnu. ellah aaksant cheytha franch aksharangalum mattu bhashakalil ninnulla chilathum type cheyyaan ithu upayogikkaam, koodaathe ellah engleesh pravartthanangalum nalkunnu. engleesh samsaarikkunna kaanadakkaarum amerikkakkarum saadhaaranayaayi upayogikkunna adisthaana us keyboardumaayi adutha saamyam ullathum franch-kaanadakkar us nirmmicha typetiterukalude charitraparamaaya upayogavumaanu ithu pradhaanamaayum janapriyamaakkunnath. keyboard chithratthil neelayilum chuvappilum adayaalappeduthiyirikkunna kooduthal shreniyilulla pratheekangalilekku eluppathil praveshanam nalkunna oru altgr qee aayi valath alt qee punarroopakalppana cheythirikkunnu. type cheythathayi pradarshippikkunna oru badal pratheekatthe neela soochippikkunnu. chuvapp oru dedd keeye soochippikkunnu type cheytha adutha swaraaksharathil diacritic prayogikkum.) ibmil ninnulla parambaraagatha canadian franch keyboard oru iso keyboard upayogikkanam. adhika keeyil sthithicheyyunna franch gillemettukal sariyaaya franch type cheiyunnathinu aavasyamaanu, avaa oopshanal allah. oru dworac pathipp (parambaraagatha canadian franch leauttu) microsopht vindose pinthunaykkunnu.
eee keyboardil, pradhana perukal franchilekku vivarthanam cheyyappedunnu
hibrid" keyboard leauttu, palappozhum "canadian bahubhasha" allengil "dwibhasha" ennu thettayi paraamarshikkappedunnu, ithu oru iso keyboardiloode us engleesh canadian franch leauttum thammilulla oru misrithamaanu. nirmmathaakkal avarude loow end laptopukalkkaayi aadyam chelavu laabhikkunna thantramaayaanu eee leauttu vikasippicheduthath. sameepa varshangalil avaa midu rench laptopukalilekku vyaapippikkukayum "franch" keybordai thettayi vilkkukayum cheiyunnu. innu, eee leauttine aamglophonukalum francophoneukalum vimarsikkunnathaayi thonnunnu. aansi keyboard upayogikkunna aamglophonukal idathuvashathulla cheria iso shifttinekkurichu paraathippedunnu, francophoneukalkku eee ithihaasangal vaayikkaan prayasavum kuzhappavumullathayi kaananakum. eee keyboardil pradhana perukal franch, engleesh bhaashakalilekku vivarthanam cheythittundu. eee keyboard prograaminginu upayogapradamaakum.
1988ll, cubec sarkkar oru puthiya keyboard leauttu vikasippichu, csa group staanderd cheyyukayum federal sarkkarum sweekarikkukayum cheythathinu sariyaaya keekal upayogichu. eee leauttu innu vindokalil canadian franch (legazy) ennariyappedunnu, ithu yadhaartha canadian bahubhasha nilavaaratthinte poorvvikanaayi kanakkaakkappedunnu. windos ®, linux ennivayile cms qaan/csa z243.200-92 staanderdine adisthaanamaakkiyullathaanu (csa group 1992 ll samarambhichu, 2021 ll parishkarichu). applem 1992 muthal staanderd cheytha csa keyboardine adisthaanamaakkiyulla oru leauttu upayogikkunnu, ithine canadian franch-csa ennu vilikkunnu. franch bhashayil saadhaaranamaaya "/" legature type cheyyaan anuvadikkunna churukkam chila leauttukalil onnaanu sii. emm. ezz. integral pathipp aii. ezz. oo <aii. dii. 1> staanderdine adisthaanamaakkiyulla pictograamukal upayogikkunnu. ibm vikasippicha parambaraagatha canadian franch keyboardil ninnu vyathyasthamayi, csa keyboard iso, aansi keyboardukalilum staanderd cheythittundu. csa keyboardile franch gillemettukal level 3-ll keekalumaayi sthithicheyyunnu. adhika keeyile ü-neey + (dedd qee avasheshikkunnu) allengil + enna kompainayisan upayogichu maattisthaapikkaam. esjikiri-001 enna uyarnna nilavaaram pinthudarnnu cubec sarkkaarin ippozhum iso pathipp aavasyamilla. cubec csa keyboardinu canadian franch akkoon (cfa) allengil canadian anthaaraashtra dwibhasha ennum perittirikkunnu.
jarmman.
jarmmani, austriya, swittsarland, liketenstein, luxemburg ennivayil qwertz leauttukal upayogikkunnu, avide t-yude valathuvashath z enna aksharam undu.
islandic.
islandic keyboard leauttu staanderd curty keyboardil ninnu vyathyasthamaan, kaaranam islandic aksharamaalaykk chila prathyeka aksharangalund, avayil bhooribhaagavum mattu nordic rajyangalumaayi pankidunnu
θ/θ, δ/δ, ε/ε, ö/ö. (α/α norwegian, danish, farois bhaashakalilum δ/δ farois bhashayilum ö/ö sweedish, finnish, estonian bhaashakalilum kaanapedunnu. norwegian bhashayil ö/ö ennathu athe shabdam/aksharavum vyaapakamaayi manassilaakkappedunna ω/ω ennathinu pakaramaayi upayogikkaam).
aadyam dedd qee amarthukayum thudarnnu anubandha aksharam amarthukayum cheythaanu á/á, ı/ı, ú/ú, í/í, ó/ó, é/é ennee aksharangal nirmmikkunnath. nordic aksharangal Å/ā, Â/Â enniva aadyam amarthikkondu, keeykku thaazhe sthithicheyyunnathiloodeya (phoor) nordic allatha İ, ü/ü, i/i, ε/ε ennivaykkum pravartthikkunnu. eee aksharangal islaandikkil thaddesheeyamaayi upayogikkunnillenkilum mattu nordic bhashakalil ashayavinimayam eluppamaakkunnathinu ithu nadappaakkiyirikkaam. keeykku pinnil adhika diacretics kandethaam ε (grave uchaaranam), χ (surmflex) ennivaykku.
airish.
airish bhaashaykk acute aaksantukalum scotish gaelikkinu dedd qee ulla grave aaksantukalum pinthunaykkunna oru airish leauttu vindokalil ulppedunnu. mattu insular celtic bhaashakalkk avarudethaaya leauttu undu. yuke allengil yuke-extended leauttum pathivayi upayogikkunnu.
itaaliyan.
tild churunda braakkattukalum ulppedunna oru ithara leauttu undu, athu axus cheyyaavunna pratheekangalude swabhaavathil maathram vyathyaasappettirikkunnu. ibm keybordukalilaanu ithu saadhaaranayaayi upayogikkunnathu.
itaaliyan typetiterukalkku palappozhum pakaram cuserty leauttu undu.
swittsarlandile itaaliyan samsaarikkunna bhagam querts keyboard upayogikkunnu.
latvian.
apoorvvamaayi maathrame upayogikkunnulloovenkum, latvian bhashaykkaayi prathyekamaayi roopakalppana cheytha ügjrmv enna keyboard leauttu nilavilundu. latvian kwerty keyboard leauttu ettavum saadhaaranayaayi upayogikkunnu; athinte leauttu yunaittad stetsinu thulyamaanu, pakshe oru dedd qee ullathinaal, prathyeka pratheekangal (áčēkīlīnöáj) nalkaan anuvadikkunnu. ettavum saadhaaranamaaya dedd qee apostrophy (') aanu, athine thudarnnu alt + graa (latvian leauttinulla windos sthirasthithi). chilar tick (') upayogikkaan eshtappedunnu.
lithwanian.
staanderd kwertyil nambar roow sthithicheyyumbol, ningal lithwanian kwertyil kaanunnu ā, č, ē, ē, ̃, shh, Â, Â, Â, z, avarude athiraalikalkku pakaram 1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8, =. ningalkk ippozhum soochippicha 'nambar roow' yude nambarukal upayogikkanamenkil, ningalkk avaa-keeyumaayi samyojippichu srishtikkaam. eee maattangalkk purame keyboard staanderd cuvertyaanu. quertic purame, nambar royude krameekaranamillathe αzerty leauttu upayogikkunnu.
malties.
malties bhasha unicode (utf-8) upayogichu malties diacretics pradarshippikkunnu χ; γ; γ; γ; z (ā; è; í; í; ó; ü). emm. ezz. eiii. <aii. dii. 1> malties keyboard staanderd" anusarichu malticinu rund staanderd keyboard leauttukalundu; 47 keekalil onnu, 48 keekalil onnu. 48-qee leauttaanu ettavum janapriyamaayath.
norwegian.
norwegian bhashakal danish aksharangal thanneyaanu upayogikkunnathu, ennaal norwegian keyboard danish leauttil ninnu vyathyasthamaan, koodaathe (back slash) keekal sthaapikkunnathumaayi bandhappett. danish keyboardil, dhaa aandu swap cheythirikkunnu. sweedish keyboard norwegian leauttinu samaanamaan, pakshe avaa aandu upayogichu maattisthaapikkunnu. chila sisttangalil, norwegian keyboard yathaakramam strike cheyyumbol allengil qee pidichu ö/ö, ā/Â enniva type cheyyaan anuvadichekkaam.
vividha saami bhashakal ezhuthaan aavashyamaaya pratheekangalude eluppathilulla inputt anuvadikkunna "norwegian vithu saami" enna oru badal keyboard leauttum undu. ellah saami aksharangalum qee vazhi axus cheyyappedunnu.
mackintosh computerukalil, "norwegian", "norwegian extended" keyboard leauttukalkku oor keekalude sahaayathode labhikkuna chila chinnangalkk alpam vyathyasthamaaya sthaanamundu. prathyekichu, "$" enna adayaalam "̃" upayogichum axus cheyyappedunnu. koodaathe, pathivayi upayogikkunna "@" umm athinidayilaanu sthaapikkunnathu.
poolish.
mikka typetiterukalum poolish aksharangalulla (diacretical maarkkukalulla) nerittu axus cheyyaavunna ("typis keyboard", poolish staanderd pii. enn-87 ennu audyogikamaayi amgeekarikkappetta) oru querts keyboard upayogikkunnu, ithu pradhaanamaayum polandil apraayogikamaayi avaganikkappedunnu (ishtaanusrithamaayi nirmmicha keyboardukal, udha.jii.pothumekhalayilum chila apple computerukalilum ullavar eee maathrkaykku oru apavaadam avatharippikkunnu); poolish prograaminte () leauttu "dii facto" staanderdaayi mariyirikkunnu, poolish vipaniyil vilkkunna ellah computerukalilum ithu upayogikkunnu.
polandile mikka computer keyboardukalum staanderd us vishwal, functional leauttu anusarichaanu sajjeekarichirikkunnath. adisthaana laattin aksharamalayil ninnulla samanamaaya aksharamulla "altgr" qee upayogichaanu poolish diacretics axus cheiyunnathu. shift", "caps loock" keekalumaayi bandhappett saadhaarana capitalisation niyamangal baadhakamaan. udaaharanathinu, "z" nalkunnathinu, oraalkk "caps loock" oofaakki "shift + altgr + ex" ennu type cheyyaam, allengil "caps loock" oonaakki "altgr + ex" ennu type cheyyaam.
aansi, aii. ezz. oo mechanical leauttukal enniva saadhaarana kazhchakalaanu, koodaathe chila nilavaaramillaatha mechanical leauttukal polum upayogathilundu. adhika qee adhika pravartthanamonnum nalkaathathinaal, shift keeyil ninnu idam edukkumbol, kuranjathu microsopht vindosil back slash qee thanippakarppakkunnathil, aansi palappozhum thiranjedukkappedunnu. pala keyboardukalum "altgr" ennu label cheiyunnilla, us leauttilennapole "alt" adayaalappeduthunnu-valath "alt" qee ennirunnaalum eee leauttil "altgr" aayi pravartthikkunnu, ithu "alt" qee ulla keyboard kurukkuvazhikal aavashyamaayi varumbol ashayakkuzhappam srishtikkunnu (iva saadhaaranayaayi idathu "alt" upayogichu maathram pravartthikkunnu) keeye saadhaaranayaayi "raitt alt" () ennu vilikkaan kaaranamaakunnu. ennirunnaalum, "altgr" adayaalamulla keyboardukal labhyamaan, koodaathe leauttu chithreekarikkumbol microsopht ithu audyogikamaayi upayogikkunnu.
koodaathe, ems vindokalil, tilde aksharam "~" ("shift" + "') poolish aksharangal type cheiyunnathinulla oru dedd qee aayi pravartthikkunnu (diacretical maarkkukalulla) athinaal, oru" λ "labhikkunnathin, oraalkk" shift "+" "" "ell" "amarthaam. tilde aksharam ("shift" + "") ennittu "space" upayogichu labikkum.
linux adhishtitha samvidaanangalil, euro chihnam saadhaaranayaayi alt + yuu ennathinu pakaram alt + 5 lake mapp cheiyunnu, tilde oru saadhaarana qee aayi pravartthikkunnu, mattu europian bhashakalil ninnulla niravadhi aaksant aksharangal idathu altumaayi samyojippichukondu axus cheyyaavunnathaanu. compos qee upayogichum poolish aksharangal labhyamaan.
touchscreen upakaranangalile software keyboardukal saadhaaranayaayi poolish diacretics anubandha laattin aksharam deerghaneram amarthia sesham kaanikkunna badalukalilonnaayaanu labhyamaakkunnath. ennirunnaalum, aadhunika pravachana vaachakavum svayam thiruthal algorithangalum atharam upakaranagalil nerittu type cheyyendathinte aavasyakathaye pradhaanamaayum laghookarikkunnu.
poolish 80 computer masoviayil ninnulla leauttine adisthaanamaakki 2021 muthal mattoru vipuleekaricha poolish keyboard leauttum undu, koodaathe ellah laattin diacretical adayaalangal, greak adayaalangal, ganitha chinnangal, aipa adayaalangal, typographical adayaalangal, chinnangal, poolish currency ennartham varunna "shh" enna adayaalam ennivayilekku vipuleekarichu, ithu querts, kwerty ennee rund pathippukalil labhyamaan.
porchugees.
brazeel.
ebent enbr 10346 veriyant 2 (alphanumeric bhagam), 10347 (samkhyaa bhagam) maanadandangalilaanu brazilian computer keyboard leauttu vyakthamaakkiyirikkunnath.
pradhaanamaayum, brazilian keyboardil bhashayil upayogikkunna diacreticsinte anchu vakabhedangalkkulla dedd keekal adangiyirikkunnu; porchugeesile sedillayude eaka prayogamaaya Ç enna aksharathinu athintethaaya qee undu. chila keyboard leauttukalil + kompineshan pazhaya currency cruseroyude chinnamaaya aksharam (unicode 0x20a2) srishtikkunnu, ithu praayogikamaayi upayogikkaatha oru chihnamaanu (enpathukalilum thonnoorukalilum saadhaarana churukkezhuthu cr $aayirunnu). sentaa chihnam, + vazhi axus cheyyaavunnathaanu, pakshe muun karansikalude sabyoonitaaya centavoykkum nilavile realsinum saadhaaranayaayi upayogikkunnilla, athu thanne aarr $prathinidheekarikkunnu. eee leauttil euro chihnam € staanderd cheythitilla. pullingavum sthreelingavumaaya oordinalukal a, o enniva kombineshanukaliloode axus cheyyaavunnathaanu. porchugeesil "paragrapho" ennu vilikkunna sekshan saine § (unicode yuu + 00a7) ippol niyamangalude vibhaagangale soochippikkaan maathrame upayogikkunnulloo.
brazilian keyboardinte veriyant 2, pothuvaaya sveekaaryatha nediya oreyoru (ems windos rund veriyantukalum ore leauttaayi kanakkakkunnu), idathu, valath shifttukalkkidayil 12 keekal gadippikkunnathinaayi iso 9995-3, "jiss" keyboardukalude chila savisheshathakal samyojippichu oru savisheshamaaya mechanical leauttu undu (american staanderd 10, internaashanal oof 11 ennivayumaayi thaarathamyappeduthumbol). athinte aadhunika, ibm ps/2 adisthaanamaakkiyulla vyathiyanangal 107-qee keyboardukal ennum yadhaartha ps/2 vyathiyaanam 104-qee ennum ariyappedunnu. orikkalum vyaapakamaayi sweekarikkappedaatha vakabhedam 1, iso 9995-2 keyboardukale adisthaanamaakkiyullathaayinu. avasana variyil 11 keekal maathram ulla keyboardukal upayogichu eee leauttu upayogikkaan kazhiyunnathakkaan, ettavum valath qee (/?°) +, +, + kombineshanukaliludaneelam athinte functionukal aavarthikkunnu.
porchugal.
adisthaanaparamaayi, porchugees keyboardil diacreticsinte anchu vakabhedangalkkulla dedd keekal adangiyirikkunnu; porchugeesile sedillayude eaka prayogamaaya Ç enna aksharathinu athintethaaya qee undu, ennaal oordinal indikkettarukalkk oru samarppita keeyum udharanikalkku oru samarppita keeyum undu. euro chihnam € (unicode 0x20ac) nirmmikkunnathinulla + kompineshan staanderdaayi maari. chila kwerty keyboardukalil pradhana labelukal vivarthanam cheyyappedunnu, ennaal bhooribhaagavum engleeshilaanu label cheythirikkunnathu.
irupathaam noottaandil, vyathyasthamaaya keyboard leauttaaya hisser portugalil vyaapakamaayi upayogichirunnu.
roman.
nilavile roman deseeya staanderd sr 13392:2004 roman keybordukalkkaayi rund leauttukal sthaapikkunnu oru "primery" onnu, oru "secondary" onnu.
roman keyboardinte pazhaya, microsopht-stail nadappaakkalukal upayogichu engane type cheyyanamennu padicha parambaraagatha upayokthaakkalkkaan "primery" leauttu uddeshikkunnathu. us-stail keyboardile keekalude bhauthika krameekaranatthinu virudhamallaathathinaal "secondary" leauttu pradhaanamaayum prograamarmaaraan upayogikkunnathu. x keyboard konfigareshan daattaabesil" nirvachichirikkunnathupo linux vitharanangal sthirasthithi roman leauttaayi "secondary" krameekaranam upayogikkunnu.
vistta purathuvarunnathuvare microsopht vindosinte pathippukalil thettayi nadappaakkiya naalu roman-nirddishta pratheekangalund
kathaapaathrangalude sedilla pathippukal roman bhashayil nilavililla (avaa oru charitraparamaaya bugg kaaranam upayogichirunnu). ithu romanian daattaye kuzhappathilaakkiyathinaal ithu encode cheiyunnathu thettayirunnuvennum sedillayodukoodiya aksharangalum komayodukoodiya aksharangalum vyathyastha shailiyilulla ore aksharamaanennum yusi ippol parayunnu.
roman hardware keyboardukal vyaapakamaayi labhyamallathathinaal, altgr qee modifier upayogikkunnathiloode visttaykk munbu vindoyude ellah pathippukalilum us-stail keyboard upayogichu roman pratheekangal srishtikkaan anuvadikkunna oru driver kristyan secar srishtichu.
windos visttayilum puthiya pathippukalilum sthirasthithi roman keyboard leauttil sariyaaya diacretical adayaalangal ulppedunnu.
eee leauttil engleesh leauttukal pole mapp cheytha z, y keekalundu, koodaathe 'at' (@), dollar ($) chinnangal polulla pratheekangalum ulppedunnu. pazhaya sedilla-pathipp leauttu ippozhum 'legazy' leauttaayi ulppeduthiyittundu.
slovac.
slovakyayil, check republicinu samaanamaayi, querts, kwerty keyboard leauttukal upayogikkunnu. microsopht vindosil slovakkinulla sthira keyboard leauttaanu cuverts.
spanish.
spain.
spanish keyboard leauttu spaanishilum speyinile mattu bhashakalaaya kaattalan, bask, galishyan, aragonese, astooriyan, osittan ennividangalilum ezhuthaan upayogikkunnu. ithil ulppedunnu ̃ spanish, aastooriyan, gallisian bhaashakalkk, acute aaksant, diarysis, inverted kvasttan aandu ekslameshan maarkk (̃, á), superscript cheytha o, a (o, a) enniva spanish, gallisian bhashakalil pullingatthilum sthreelingathilum churukkia oordinal nambarukal ezhuthunnathinu, avasaanamaayi, kaattalan, ooksittan enniva type cheiyunnathinu maathram aavashyamaaya chila pratheekangal, athaayath Ç, grave aaksant, interpankt ('/', shift-3 ll sthithicheyyunna 'l·l' ll upayogikkunnu). dedd keekalayi labhyamaya surmflex uchaaranam (franch, porchugees bhashakalil mattullavayil upayogikkunnu) polulla mattu anthaaraashtra aksharangal ezhuthaanum ithu upayogikkaam. ennirunnaalum, ithinu aastooriyanil upayogikkunna rund pratheekangal illah h, l (charitraparamaayi, iva randinum pothuvaaya pinthuna moshamaan-avaa iso 8859-1 prateeka encoding staanderdilo mattethenkilum iso/aiisi 8859 staanderdilo illa). eee prashnam pariharikkunnathinayi ithine adisthaanamaakkiyullatho aadyam muthal srishtichatho aaya niravadhi badal vitharanangal srishtichittundu (kooduthal vivarangalkk mattu yadhaartha leauttukalum leauttu design software vibhaagavum kaanuka).
mikka keyboardukalilum, chithratthil kaanichirikkunnathupole alt graa + iii aayi adayaalappeduthiyittilla, allathe alt graa + 5 aayi adayaalappeduthiyittilla. ennirunnaalum, chila keyboardukalil, rund thavana adayaalappeduthiyirikkunnathu kaanapedunnu. ellah iso 8859-1-neyum pinthunaykkunna oru badal pathipp nilavilundu.
spanish keyboardukal saadhaaranayaayi engleeshinu pakaram spanish bhaashayilaan label cheyyappedunnathu, athinte churukkezhuthukal ivayaanu
chila keyboardukalil, sii-sedilla qee (χ) acute aaksant qee (shh) yude valathuvashathekkaal onno rando varikalkk mukalilaanu sthithi cheiyunnathu. chila sandarbhangalil ithu plus chihna keeyude (+) valathuvasathum mattu keyboardukalil ithu vipareeta aashcharyachihna keeyude (á) valathuvashathumaan sthithicheyyunnathu.
audyogikamaayi spanish lattinamerican sortt ennariyappedunna laattin america.
laattin american spanish keyboard leauttu meksikoo, madhya, thekke america ennividangalil udaneelam upayogikkunnu. roopakalppana cheiyunnathinumumbu, laattin american kachavadakkaar spanish (spain) leauttu sthirasthithiyaayi vilkkukayaayirunnu.
spanish (spain) leauttil ninnulla ettavum vyakthamaaya vyathyasam oru Ç keeyude abhaavamaan; microsopht vindosil ithinu oru tilde (~) dedd qee illa, athesamayam linux sisttangalil dedd tilde oopshanalaayi pravarthanakshamamaakkaam. spanish bhashayil type cheyyumbol ithu oru prashnamalla, pakshe porchugees bhashayil type cheyyumbol ithu prasnakaramaanu, ithu brazeelumaayi (arjanteena, uruguve, paragwe) valia vaanijya bandhamullah rajyangalil oru prasnamaakaam.
saadhaaranayaayi "caps loock" ennathinu pakaram "block mayus", "entu" ennathinu pakaram "aamukham" enniva upayogikkunnu.
sweedish.
ā/ā, ā/ā, ö/ö ennee moonnu adhika aksharangalaanu sweedish keyboardinte kendra savisheshathakal. finlandilum estoniyayilum ithe vishwal leauttu upayogikkunnu, kaaranam ā/ā, ö/ö ennee aksharangal sweedish bhashayumaayi pankidunnu, koodaathe ā/ā polum sweedish samsaarikkunna finkalkk aavasyamaanu. ennirunnaalum, finnish bahubhasha keyboard pravarthanaparamaaya leauttilekku puthiya aksharangalum viraamachihnangalum cherkkunnu.
norwegian keyboard pradhaanamaayum sweedish leauttinodu saamyamullathaanenkilum aandu aandu upayogichu maattisthaapikkappedunnu. danish keyboard samaanamaan, pakshe athinu aandu swaapp undu. chila sisttangalil, sweedish allengil finnish keyboard yathaakramam strike cheyyumbol allengil qee pidichu ω/ω, ε/ε enniva type cheyyaan anuvadichekkaam.
sweedish vithu saami" keyboard ω/ω, ε/ε enniva mathramalla, vividha saami bhashakal ezhuthaan aavashyamaaya aksharangal polum type cheyyaan anuvadikkunnu. saadhaarana sweedish keyboardil kothivachittulla ellah keekalkkum eee keyboardinu ore pravartthanamundu, koodaathe adhika aksharangal keeyiloode labhyamaan.
mackintosh computerukalil, "sweedish", "sweedish proo" keyboardukal mukalil kaanichirikkunna chithratthil ninnu kurachu vyathyasthamaan, prathyekichu allengil keekal upayogichu labhyamaya pratheekangale sambandhichidatholam. (mukalile variyil) "°" chihnam srishtikkukayum "€" chihnam srishtikkukayum cheiyunnu. akka keekal "̃ @£ $≤ ≤ ≤ ≤ ≤ ≤ ≤ ≤ ≤ ≤ ≤ ≤ ≤ ≤ ≤ ≤ ≤ ≤ ≤ ≤ ≤ ≤ ≤ ≤ ≤ ≤ ≤ ≤ ≤ ≤ ≤ ≤ ≤ ≤ ≤ ≤ ≤ ≤ ≤ ≤ ≤ ≤ ≤ ≤ ≤ ≤ ≤ ≤ ≤ ≤ ≤ ≤ ≤ ≤ ≤ ≤ ≤ ≤ ≤ ≤ ≤ ≤ ≤ ≤ ≤ ≤ ≤ ≤ ≤ ≤ ≤ ≤ ≤ ≤ ≤ ≤ ≤ ≤ ≤ ≤ ≤ ≤ ≤ ≤ ≤ ≤ ≤ ≤ ≤ ≤ ≤ ≤ ≤ ≤ ≤ ≤ ≤ ≤ ≤ ≤ ≤ ≤ ≤ ≤ ≤ ≤ ≤ ≤ ≤ ≤ ≤ ≤ ≤ ≤ ≤ ≤ ≤|[]± "oppam" ̃ "¥" Â "Â" Â "Â" Â "Â" Â "Â" Â "Â" Â "Â" Â "Â" Â "Â" Â "Â" Â "Â" Â "Â" Â "Â" Â "Â" Â "Â" Â "Â" Â "Â" Â "Â" Â "Â" Â "Â" Â "Â" Â "Â" Â "Â" Â "Â" Â "Â" Â "Â" Â "Â" Â "Â" Â "Â" Â "Â" Â "Â" Â "Â" Â "Â" Â "Â" Â "Â" Â "Â" Â "Â" Â "Â" Â "Â" Â "Â" Â "Â" Â 
linux sisttangalil, sweedish keyboard inipparayunna adhika pratheekangalilekkum praveshanam nalkiyekkaam
eee pratheekangalil palathum dedd keekalayi pravartthikkunnu.
turkey.
2022 leeii kanakkanusarichu, bhooribhaagam turkish keyboardukalum kwerty (kyu-keyboard leauttu ennu vilikkappedunna) adisthaanamaakkiyullathaanu, ennirunnaalum bhashaykkaayi prathyekamaayi roopakalppana cheytha pazhaya eph-keyboard leauttum undu.
vietnaamees.
vietnaamees keyboard leauttu oru vipuleekritha laattin kwerty leauttaanu. us engleesh keyboardil, tonel maarkkukal (grave aaksant, hook, tilde, acute aaksant, dott enniva aaa kramatthil) uthppaadippikkukayum, dii uthppaadippikkukayum, maattaathappol dong chihnam (̃) uthppaadippikkukayum, brackettukal () ̃, ̃ enniva uthppaadippikkukayum cheiyunnu.
bahubhasha vakabhedangal.
oru bhashaykkum vipanikkum nalkunna sthirasthithi leauttukalil ninnu vyathyasthamayi, ore ennam keekal upayogichu upayokthaavin niravadhi bhashakalil eathenkilum type cheyyaan sramikkuka. aavasyamulla bhashakal upayogikkunna chinnangaludeyum diacreticsinteyum kooduthal shekharam ulkkollunna-keeykku purame (allengil 'raitt' veendum upayogichukondu) oru vertual lair cherthaanu ithu kooduthalum cheiyunnathu.
pathivupole laattin aksharamaalayude kaalakramathinanusrithamaayi allah, saadhyamaaya bhaashakalude ennathinanusarichu leauttukal krameekarikkaanum eee vibhaagam shramikkunnu.
canadian bahubhasha nilavaaram.
kaanadayile bahubhasha staanderd keyboard leauttu chila kaanadakkar upayogikkunnu, kooduthalum cubeckilum nyoo-brunswickilum. kaarett (^) kaanunnillengilum, surmflex aaksant type cheyth oru space upayogichu ithu eluppathil cherkkunnu. eee leauttu moonnu levelukalum rund grouppukalum upayogikkunnu, oru keeykku 5 pratheekangal vare. level 3-ll oru pratheekatthe type cheyyaan alt-grr qee upayogikkunnu, group 2-nuu raitt-tii. aarr. ellinu pakaram oru samarppita qee undu.
yunaittad kingdom (vipuleekritha) leauttu.
janalakal.
windos expi ezz. pii. 2 muthal, microsopht britiish kwerty keyboardinte ("yunaittad kingdom extended" keyboard leauttu) oru vakabhedam ulppeduthiyittundu, athu koodaathe niravadhi diacretical maarkkukal srishtikkaan kazhiyum. ithu pathivayi upayogikkunna keekalude sthaanangal maattathe pala bhashakalkkum oru staanderd physical yuke keyboardile inputtine pinthunaykkunnu, ithu yukeyude chila bhaagangalil (yathaakramam weils, skotlandinteyum vadakkan irelandinteyum bhagangal) thaddesheeya bhashakalaaya velsh, scotish gaelic, airish ennivayile vaachakavumaayi pravartthikkumbol upayogapradamaanu.
eee leauttil, grave aaksant qee (), us internaashanal leauttilum cheiyunnathupole, adutha qee amarthunnathiloode srishtikkappedunna pratheekatthe parishkkarikkunna oru dedd qee aayi maarunnu. apostrophy, double-kottu, tilde, surmflex (kaaratt) keekal enniva marunnilla, 'maattumbol' maathram dedd keekalayi maarunnu. qee upayogichu 'normal' qee maattunnathiloode munkootty rachicha adhika pratheekangalum labikkum. windos kantrol panalil ninnu instaal cheytha softweyaraanu extended keyboard, extended pratheekangal saadhaaranayaayi keyboardukalil kothivaykkunnilla.
yuke extended keyboard kooduthalum altgr qee upayogikkunnu, oro pratheekatthinum avayude capitalinum anuyojyamaaya eiii, iii, aii, enn, oo, yuu, dablyu, vaii (velshil upayogikkunna avasaanathe rund) aksharangalil diacretics cherkkunnu. qee amarthukayum thudarnnu nirddishta diacritic edukkaatha oru pratheekavum oru saadhaarana keyboardinte swabhaavam srishtikkukayum cheiyunnu. spacebaarine pinthudarunna qee pressukal oru otappetta adayaalam srishtikkunnu.:
yukeyilum irelandilum saadhaaranayaayi padikkunna mattu chila bhaashakalum oru paridhivare pinthunaykkunnu
acutukalkkum sedillakalkkum upayogikkunna akshara reethi eee pradhana kombineshanukalkku kurukkuvazhi menu functionukal nalkunna aaplikkeshanukalkku pravarthikkunnilla.
eee kombineshanukal oormmappeduthaanaayi roopakalppana cheythittullathum oormmikkaan eluppamullathumaayirikkum surmflex uchaaranam (udha.jii. Â) keeykku mukalil achadicha free-staanding surmflex (kaarett) (kaakv _ 1) nuu samaanamaan; diarysis/umlat (udha.jii. ö) yuke keyboardile mukalilulla eratta-udharanikku (kokvi _ 2) drishyaparamaayi samaanamaan; tilde (kokvi _ 3) athe keeyil achadikkunnu.
yuke leauttu parichayamulla upayokthaakkalkk yuke extended leauttu eathaandu poornnamaayum suthaaryamaan. apoorvvamaayi upayogikkunna grave aaksant qee ozhike, vipuleekritha leauttulla oru yanthram saadhaarana yuke pole thanne pravartthikkunnu. chilar vipuleekritha pravartthanangal upayogikkunna oru upayokthru janasamkhyayude pankittatho pothu upayogathino oru yanthrathin ithu eee leauttine anuyojyamaakkunnu.
bahubhasha upayokthakkalkkaayi srishtichathaanenkilum, vindosil yuke-extended chila vidavukal undu-roman, turkish ennivayulppede neridaan kazhiyaatha niravadhi bhaashakalum greak, russian polulla vyathyastha pratheekangalulla ellah bhaashakalum undu. pazhaya engleeshil mullum (θ, θ), jarmman bhashayil β, franch bhashayil β, nordic bhashakalil α, α, ω, δ, θ ennivayum ithu nalkunnilla.
chromokal.
chromeosile yuke extended leauttu vindosinte athe kombineshanukal nalkunnu, pakshe altgr vazhi niravadhi chinnangalum dedd keekalum cherkkunnu.
 <br>] 
kurippukal oru dedd qee soochippikkaan dotted sarkkil (λ) ivide upayogikkunnu. swathanthramaayi nilkkunna dedd qee aayi pravartthikkunna oreyoru keeyaanu qee, athinaal qee-cappil kaanichirikkunnathupole prathikarikkunnilla. bakkiyullavareyellam altgr vilikkunnu. <bii. aarr.>
 (°) oru digri chihnamaanu; (o) oru pullinga oordinal soochakamaanu
avasaanamaayi, eathu ekapaksheeyamaaya unicode gliff athinte hexadesimal coode pooyint nalkikkond nirmmikkaan kazhiyum, release cheyyuka, thudarnnu hex moolyam, allengil. udaaharanathinu (release) ethiopic aksharam srishtikkunnu, kaanuka,.
yuu. ezz.-internaashanal.
windos linux.
chila operating sisttangalil (windos ulppede) diacretics type cheyyaan oru badal leauttu physical us keyboard upayogikkunnu. ithu us-internaashanal leauttu krameekaranamaanu, ithu oru adhika shift qee aayi nerittu niravadhi adhika pratheekangale pinthunaykkunnathinu sariyaaya qee oru qee aayi upayogikkunnu. (pala cheria keybordukalkkum raitt qee illaathathinaal, +-neey pakaram upayogikkaan vindo anuvadikkunnu.) eee leauttu keekalum upayogikkunnu, koodaathe uchithamaaya qee amarthi diacretics ulla pratheekangal srishtikkaan dedd keekalum upayogikkunnu, thudarnnu keyboardile aksharam. anthaaraashtra keyboard ennathu windos kantrol panalil ninno samanamaayatho instaal cheytha oru software krameekaranamaanu; adhika pravartthanangal (neelayil kaanichirikkunnu) keyboardil kothivaykkukayo illayo cheythekkaam, pakshe ellaayppozhum pravarthanakshamamaanu. padinjaaran europil ninnulla mikka pradhana bhaashakalum type cheyyaan ithu upayogikkaam africans, danish, dutch, engleesh, faroys, finnish, franch, jarmman, islandic, airish, itaaliyan, norwegian, porchugees, scotish gaelic, spanish, sweedish. chila saadhaaranamallaatha padinjaaran, madhya europian bhashakal (velsh, malties, check, hangarian enniva polullava), adhika diacretics allengil munkootty rachicha pratheekangalude upayogam kaaranam us-internaashanal keyboard leauttu poornnamaayum pinthunaykkunnilla.
oru diacritic qee amarthi vittayakkukayum thudarnnu diacritic aavasyamulla kathu amarthukayum cheiyunnu. rund strockukalkku sesham, diacretics ulla orotta pratheekamaanu srishtikkappedunnathu. svaraaksharangal, "enn" thudangiya chila aksharangalkk maathrame eee reethiyil diacretics undaakoo ennu shradhikkuka. ,', ',', 'ennee chinnangal srishtikkaan, thaazhepparayunna pratheekatthinu oru diacritic undakaan kazhiyumbol, keeykku sesham amarthuka.
diacretics ulla aksharangal inipparayunna kombineshanukal upayogichu type cheyyaam
parambaraagatha us leauttu parichayamulla upayokthaakkalkk us-internaashanal leauttu poornnamaayum suthaaryamalla; anthaaraashtra leauttu krameekaranam sajeevamaaya oru mesheen upayogikkumbol, saadhaaranayaayi upayogikkunna single, double-kottu keekalum saadhaaranayaayi upayogikkaatha grave aaksant, tilde, surmflex (kaarett) keekalum dedd keekalaan, athinaal avaa parambaraagathamaayi perumaarunnu. ithu pankittatho pothu upayogathino ulla oru yanthrathe aswasthamaakkunnu.
shift, alt thudangiya modifier keekal upayogikkunna badal us-internaashanal maappingukalum undu, koodaathe diacretics ulla pratheekangalude keekal avayude parishkkarikkappedaathu athiraalikalil ninnu vyathyastha sthalangalilaanu. udaaharanathinu, raitt-alt qee oru altgr modifier keeyayo allengil oru compos keeyayo remap cheythekkaam, koodaathe dedd qee function nirjjeevamaakkaam, angane avaa (aassiai udharanikal, sircufflex chinnangal) saadhaaranayaayi orotta keystrock upayogichu type cheyyaan kazhiyum.
netherlandsile yuu. ezz-internaashanal.
netherlandsile staanderd keyboard leauttu yuu. ezz-internaashanalaanu, kaaranam ithu saadhaarana yuke-allengil us polulla keyboardukalil diacretixilekku eluppathil praveshanam nalkunnu. dutch leauttu charitraparamaanu, eee leauttulla keyboardukal apoorvvamaayi maathrame upayogikkaarulloo. vilkkunna pala us keyboardukalilum adhika us-internaashanal pratheekangalo keekalil kothivaykkukayo illa, ennirunnaalum ellaayppozhum € () aanenkilum; ennirunnaalum, adayaalappeduthiyittil keekal pratheekshichathupole pravartthikkunnu. pala computer-saakshararaya dutch aalukalum aaksant aksharangal type cheyyaan + nambar kodukal upayogikkunna pazhaya seelam nilanirthiyittundu; mattullavar diacretics illaathe pathivayi type cheiyunnu, thudarnnu sariyaaya foomukal nirmmikkaan spelling checker upayogikkunnu.
apple internaashanal engleesh keyboard.
engleeshinu moonnu tharam apple keybordukalundu yunaittad stetts, yunaittad kingdom, internaashanal engleesh. chinnathinu pakaramaayi upayogikkaathe maathram, chinnathinu drishyaparamaaya soochanayillaathe (ellah apple curty leauttukalilum eee kurukkuvazhi undengilum) anthaaraashtra engleesh pathippil yunaittad kingdom pathippinte athe mattangal avatharippikkunnu.
us leauttil ninnulla vyathyaasangal ivayaanu
finnish bahubhasha.
finlandil upayogikkunna vishwal leauttu adisthaanaparamaayi sweedish leauttinu thulyamaanu. finnish, sweedish bhashakal prathyeka aksharangal ā/ā, ö/ö enniva pankidunnathinaal ithu praayogikamaanu, finnish ezhuthaan sweedish ā/ā anaavashyamaanengilum, sweedish samsaarikkunna finkalkkum sweedish kudumbanaamangal ezhuthunnathinum ithu aavasyamaanu.
2008 leeii kanakkanusarichu, csc oru praadeshikavalkkarana padhathiyude bhaagamaayi vikasippichedutha finnish bahubhasha keyboard leauttinu oru puthiya maanadandamundu. parambaraagatha finnish-sweedish vishwal leauttinte ellah kothupanikalum nilanirthiyittundu, athinaal hardware maattenda aavasyamilla, pakshe adhika pratheekangalayi (udha.jii.qee, athupole thanne dedd qee ennivayiloode labhyamaya, α/α, α/α, γ/γ) diacretics upayogichu vaividhyamaarnna aksharangal type cheyyaan anuvadikkunnu (udha.jii., χ/χ, χ/χ, ′/′).
bahubhasha europian upavibhagam nambaril ulppeduthiyittulla laattin akshara repertery adisthaanamaakki. unicode staanderdinte 2 (mess-2) leauttinu moonnu pradhana lakshyangalund. aadyam, finlandile rund audyogika bhashakalaaya finnish, sweedish bhashakalil parichithamaaya keyboard leauttu upayogichu tekst eluppathil nalkaanum dashukal, typographical udharanikal, noonn-breaking space (shh) thudangiya chila noothana viramachinha oopshanukal cherkkanum ithu anuvadikkunnu.
randaamathaayi, mattu moonnu nordic deseeya bhashakalkkum (danish, norwegian, islandic) praadeshika, nyoonapaksha bhashakalkkum (vadakkan saami, thekkan saami, loole saami, inari saami, scholt saami, finland, faroys, kalalisat, greenlandic, jarmman ennum ariyappedunna romani bhashakal) aavashyamaaya prathyeka aksharangalum diacretics nalkunnathinu parokshavum ennaal avabodhajanyavumaaya maarggam vaagdaanam cheiyunnathinaanu ithu roopakalppana cheythirikkunnathu.
moonnaamathe lakshyamenna nilayil, europian yooniyante audyogika bhashakal (bulgarian, greak ozhike) polulla kooduthalo kuravo vipuleekaricha laattin aksharamaalay upayogichu vividha europian bhashakalil prathyeka perukal (vyakthikal, sthalangal allengil uthppannangal) thaarathamyena eluppathil nalkaan ithu anuvadikkunnu. slavik bhaashakalkk aavashyamaaya λ/λ polulla chila aksharangal oru dedd qee pole pravartthikkunna oru prathyeka "ovarstraik" qee kompineshan vazhi axus cheyyappedunnu. 
ennirunnaalum, с/с, τ/τ (thaazhe komayulla s/s, t/t) ennee romanian aksharangal pinthunaykkunnilla; shh/shh, τ/τ (sedillayotoppam) vaadakaykku edukkaan paryaapthamaanennaanu anumaanam.
europe.
europpukaarum prograamarmaarum vivarthakarum uddeshichulla oru bahubhasha keyboard leauttaaya yoorkki, qee, + ennivayiloode labhyamaya moonnaamatheyum naalaamatheyum paali cherthu yadhaartha cuverty (us leauttu) adisthaanamaayi upayogikkunnu. eee adhika paalikal upayokthaakkale niravadhi europian bhashakal, prathyeka pratheekangal, greak aksharamaalay (dedd keekal vazhi), niravadhi saadhaarana ganitha chinnangal ennivayude pratheekathmakatha type cheyyaan anuvadikkunnu.
oru raajyathinteyo pradeshathinteyo maanadandangalaaya mattu kwerty leauttukalil ninnu vyathyasthamayi, europy europian yooniyante oru maanadandamalla, ennirunnaalum athukondaanu europian maanadandamaayi europinte oru nivedanam aarambhichath.
curety erganomics prashnam abhisambodhana cheiyunnathinaayi, yoorkki design prinsippalukalkkoppam oru colmac-dh pathipum yoorkki colemac-dii vikasippichu.