arsuf yuddham

1191 septambar septambar moonnaam kurishuyudhathinte bhaagamaayi arsuf yuddham nadannu. englandile richard onnaamante neethrthwathilulla oru bahurashtra kurishuyudhasena salaadinte neethrthwathilulla ayyubid sulthaanettinte ganyamaaya valia sainyathe paraajayappeduthi.
kurishuyudhakkaar ekkar pidichadakkiyathinethudnar, rikkaardinte munnerunna sainyathe arsuf nagarathinu (laattin bhashayil) purathu thadaakatthiloode ekkaril ninnu jaafayilekku neengumbol thadayaan saladin neengi. kurishuyudhasenayude aikyam thadassappeduthaanulla shramathil, ayyubid seena avarude roopeekaranam thakarkkunnathil aathyanthikamayi parajayappetta niravadhi akramanangal nadatthi. kurishuyudhakkaar arsufinu vadakkulla samathalathiloode kadannappol saladin thante sainyathe muzhuvan oru yudhathinu niyogichu. kurishuyudhasena munnerumbol oru prathirodha roopeekaranam nilanirtthi, richard oru thirichadikkaayi anuyojyamaaya nimisham kaathirunnu. ennirunnaalum, naitts hospitalar ayyubidukalkkethire akramanam nadatthiya sesham, aakramanathe pinthunaykkaan richard thante muzhuvan sena niyogikkaan nirbandhithanaayi. kurishuyudhathinte akramanam ayyubid sainyathe thakarthu; richaardinu thante kuthirappadaye thidukkathil pinthudarunnathil ninnu thadayaan kazhinju, vijayam nedunnathinaayi avare veendum samghadippichu.
eee ettumuttalinethudarnnu, kurishuyudhakkaar jaafa nagaram ulppede palasteente madhya theerathu niyanthranam nedi.
aamukham ekkaril ninnu thekk.
1191ll ekkar pidichadakkiyathinethudnar, jaafa thuramukham pidichedukkendathunde richaardinu ariyamaayirunnu, jarusalemil oru sramam nadathunnathinu munbu, richard augustil ekkaril ninnu jaafayilekku theerathekku march cheyyaan thudangi. jarusalem thirichupidikkunnathu thadayuka enna pradhana lakshyamulla saladin kurishuyudhakkaarude munnettam thadayaan thante sainyathe aninirathi. vishadaamshangal sradhichaanu richard munnettam samghadippichathu. eejipshyan kappalukalude valiyoru bhagam ekkar veezhchayil pidichedukkukayum eee kwarteril ninnu oru bheeshaniyumillathe kadal ellaayppozhum thante valath vashathe samrakshikkunna theerathu thekkott march cheyyaan addehathinu kazhiyukayum cheythu. kurishuyudhakkaarkku athinte praadhaanyamullathinaal 1190-leeii venalkkaalath saladine jaafayude kottakal nashippichirunnu.
haattinile duranthatthinte paadangal manasilakkiya richaardinu thante sainyathinte ettavum valia aavasyam vellamaanennum choodu ksheenam athinte ettavum valia apakadamaanennum ariyamaayirunnu. samayathinaayi sammarddam chelutthiyenkilum thaarathamyena mandagathiyilaanu addeham munnott poyath. pakal choodinu munbulla prabhaathatthil maathramaan addeham thante sainyathe aninirathiyathu, ellaayppozhum jalasrothassukalkk sameepam idaykkide vishramikkunnu. adutha pinthunayum saadhanangalude uravidavum parikkettavarkkulla abhayasthaanavumaayi kappalppada theerathekku yaatra cheythu. shatru aakramanakaarikalude ekkaalatheyum apakadathekkurichum hitt aandu rann aakramanangalude saadyathayekkurichum bodhavaanmaraaya addeham, nooru naittukalulla panthrand kuthirappadakalude coor ulla koolam irukiya roopathil sookshichu. kaalaalppada karappurathekku march cheyyukayum kuthirappadayaalikalude vashangal moodukayum misailukalil ninnu avarkk kurachu samrakshanam nalkukayum cheythu. kaalaalppadayude ettavum puram raankukal cross bomanmar ulkkollichathaayirunnu. kadaltheerathu salaadinte sainyam thudarchayaayi upadravikkunnathil ninnu rakshappettirunna charakkukalum kaalaalppadayude yoonittukalum undaayirunnu. richard thante kaalaalppada unitukale thaarathamyena puthumayullathakkaan budhipoorvvam thirichu.
salaadinte ambeythukaarude ettumuttal thanthrangalaal prakopithanum peedippikkappettavanam richaardinte general padavi ettavum dushkaramaaya saahacharyangalil kramavum achadakkavum nilanirthunnuvennu urappakki. muslim charitrakaaranum driksaakshiyumaaya bahaa alle-dhiin ibn shaddad march vivarikkunnu
"muslimkal avare shalyappeduthaanum avare chaadaan nirbandhikkaanum ellah vashathuninnum ambukal prayogichu ennaal ithil avar parajayappettu. eee manushyar athbhuthakaramaaya aathmaniyanthranam prayogichu; avar thidukkamillathe yaatra thudarnnu, athesamayam avarude kappalukal theerathu avarude march pinthudarnnu, eee reethiyil avar avarude nirtthal sthalathu ethi."
kurishuyudhakkaaran crossbowe swantham sainyathinte villukalum thammilulla adhikaarathile vyathyasavum bahaa alle-dhiin vivarichu. orupakshe, patthu ambukal vare kavachithamaaya purakil ninnu ottippidichirikkunna thuranna kaalaalppadaamgangal prathyakshamaaya parikkukalonnumillaathe march cheiyunnathu addeham kandu, athesamayam crossbose musleengalkkidayil kuthira manushyan idichu.
salaadinte thanthram.
kurishuyudhasenayude vegatha nirnnayikkunnath kaalalppadayum bagej train aayirunnu; pradhaanamaayum gadippichirunna ayyubid sainyathin mikacha chalanasheshiyude nettamundaayirunnu. vilakal kathikkaanum graamapradeshangal frankish sainyathin nishedikkaanumulla sramangal valia thothil falapradamalla, kaaranam kappalppadayil ninnu thudarchayaayi nalkaan kazhiyumaayirunnu, athu samaantharamaayi thekkott neengi. august august kurishuyudhakkaaran oru ashudhi kadakkumbol athu eathaandu vichedikkappettu. ennirunnaalum, kurishuyudhakkaar valare vegathil adachu, musleem pattalakkaar palayanam cheyyaan nirbandhitharaayi. august 26 muthal 29 vare richaardinte sainyam theerathe kettippidikkukayum carmel parvathatthinte tholil chuttukayum cheythappol salaadinte sainyam raajyathudaneelam akramanam nadathiyathinaal aakramanathil ninnu aashvaasam labhichu. neenda rodilaayirunna kurishuyudhakkaarkku munbaayi saladin siseriyayude sameepat ethi. august 30 muthal septambar 7 vare saladin ellaayppozhum sradheyamaaya akalathilaayirunnu, kurishuyudhakkaar svayam thurannukattiyaal akramikkaan avasaram kaathirikkukayaayirunnu.
septambar aadyathode, thante sainikarude oru parimitha bhagam upayogichu frankish sainyathe upadravikkunnathu athinte munnettam thadayaan pokunnillennu saladin manassilaakkiyirunnu. ithu cheiyunnathinu addehathinu thante muzhuvan sainyatheyum gurutharamaaya aakramanathinu vidheyamaakkendivannu. bhagyavashaal saladinu, crusadermark paalastheeninte eathaanum vanapradesangalilonnaaya "arsufinte maram" kadaltheerathinu samaantharamaayi nooriladhikam kaalam kadannupokendivannu. kaadukal addehathinte sainyathinte swabhaavathe maraykkukayum pettennulla akramanam nadatthaan anuvadikkukayum cheyyum.
kurishuyudhakkaar cheria sambhavangalonnumillathe kaadinte pakuthiyolam kadannupoyi, septambar 6 nuu avar "roshetteyli" ennu vilikkunna nahar-ell-falak nadiyude mukhathu ulnaadan chathupp samrakshichirunna avarude campil vishramichu. kyaambinte thekk, arsoofinte avashishtangal nedunnathinu munbu kurishuyudhakkaar march cheyyendivannappol, vanangal ulnaadan pradeshangalilekku pinthirinju vanamekhalakalkkum kadalinumidayil oru idungiya samathalamundakki. ivideyaanu saladin thante nirnnayaka akramanam nadatthaan uddeshichathu. kurishuyudha nirayude muzhuvan neelatthilum bheeshanippeduthukayum ettumuttukayum cheyyumbol, saladin thante ettavum susthiramaaya nerittulla akramanam athinte pinbhaagathekku karuthivechu. frankish vaanum sentarum munnott pookaan anuvadikkuka ennathaayirunnu addehathinte padhathi, avayum kooduthal kooduthal edapazhakunna reaarmost yoonittukalum thammil marakamaaya vidavu srishtikkappedumenna pratheekshayil. kurishuyudhakkaare vishadamaayi paraajayappeduthunnathinaayi saladin thante karuthal shekharam atharamoru vidavilekku eriyumaayirunnu.
yuddham.
ethir sainyangalude valippathinte kanakk.
ittinaraariyam rejis ricardy" soochippikkunnathu crusadermaarekkaal moonno rando ennam ayyubid sainyamayirunnu. ennirunnaalum, yathaakramam 300,000 umm 100,000 umm enna avaasthavikamaayi vardhippicha samkhyakal vivarikkappedunnu. salaadinte sainyathinte aadhunika kanakkukal prakaram ekadesham 25,000 sainikar, mikkavarum ellah kuthirappadayaalikalum (kuthira ambeythukaar, neriya kuthirappada, bharameriya kuthirappadayude oru nyoonapaksham). moonnu rajaakkanmaar vishudhabhoomiyilekku konduvanna sainikarude ennatheyum jarusalem raajyathin ethra sainikare samaharikkaan kazhiyumennathineyum adisthaanamaakki, arsoofile motham kurishuyudha senayude ennam 20,000 aayi mcclin kanakkaakkunnu richard thante aadhipathyathil ninnu konduvanna 9,000 sainikar, 7,000 franch sainikar philipp, 2,000 sainikar autremaril ninnu, mattu ellah srothassukalil ninnum 2,000 sainikar (danes, frisians, genois, peasonukal, turcopolukal). eee kanakkukoottal munkaala yudhangalilo palayanam cheythathilo undaaya nashtangalkku kaaranamaakunnillenn bovas abhipraayappedunnu, ennaal kurishuyudhasenayil 10,000 perum athiladhikavum undayirunnathaayi karuthappedunnu. cambridge elastrated atlas oof warfare" richaardinte sainyathe 10,000 kaalalppadayum (kunthavaalanmaarum crosbovmanukalum ulppede) 1,200 kanatha kuthirapadayum ullathayi pattikappedutthunnu, salaadinte sainyathil kuthirappadayude eratti purushanmaarund.
samghadanayum vinyaasavum.
septambar 7 nuu pularche, richaardinte sainyam campil ninnu puratthekku neengaan thudangiyappol, salaadinte sainyam muzhuvan vanathil olichirikkukayaanennu soochana nalkikkond shatru skauttukal ellah dishakalilum drishyamaayirunnu. richard rajaavu thante sainyathinte swabhaavathe kurichu prathyekamaayi vedanichu. ettavum apakadasaadyathayulla posttukal, munvashathum prathyekichu nirayude pinbhaagatthum sainika utharavukalkku nalki. kizhakk bhaagath ettavum kooduthal poraattaanubhavam avarkkundaayirunnu, vaadayogyamaayi ettavum achadakkamullavaraayirunnu, ayyubid sainyathile turkish kuthiravillaalikaleppole poraadiya turcopol kuthirappada ulppedunna eaka roopeekaranangalaayirunnu avar.
kurishuyudhasenayude munnirayil roobert dii sableyude keezhilulla naitts templer ulppettirunnu. avare pinthudarnnu richaardinte swantham prajakalaaya aanchevinukalum brettanukalum, thudarnnu jerusalemile naamamaatra rajaavaaya lucignante gaii ulppedeyulla poyittevinukalum avasaanamaayi mahathaaya nilavaaratthinte chumatala vahichirunna engleeshukaarum normaanukalum athinte vaaganil gadippichu. franchukaar, flemings, autremarinte baaranukal, mattu rajyangalil ninnulla kurishuyudhakkaarude cheria samghangal enniva ulppettathaayirunnu adutha ezhu corps. garnier dii nablasinte neethrthwathilulla naitts hospitalaraayirunnu reargard roopeekarichathu. panthrand corpsukale anchu valia roopangalaayi krameekarichittundengile avayude krithyamaaya vitharanam anjjaathamaanu. koodaathe, shampainile henry randaamante neethrthwathil oru cheria sainyathe kunnukalilekku scout cheyyaan verpeduthi, franch samghathinte nethaavaaya richard rajaavinteyum burgandyile huginteyum keezhil thiranjeduttha naittukalude oru schwadron, salaadinte chalanagal parisodhikkunnathinum avarude swantham raankukal kramatthil nilanirthunnuvennu urappakkunnathinum nirayil kayaran thaazhekku pookaanum vishadamaayi.
ellah kurishuyudhakkaarum thangalude camp vittu arsufilekku neengunnathuvare aadyathe sarazen akramanam undaayilla. ayyubid sainyam pinneedu vanathil ninnu pottitherichu. kutirayum kaalum, beduin, sudanian ambeythukaar, bharam kuranja turkish kuthira ambeythukaar ennivarude idathoornna koottam ettumuttalukal chernnathaayirunnu sainyathinte munbhagam. ivaykku pinnil kavachitha kanatha kuthirappadayude schwadronukal undaayirunnu salaadinte maamlukkukal (gulam ennum vilikkunnu), kurdish sainikar, eejipt, syria, mesopotamia ennividangalile ameermarudeyum rajakumaaranmaarudeyum samghangal. sainyathe idathu, valath vibhaagangalum madhyabhagavum enningane moonnu bhagangalaayi vibhajichu. saladin thante baanarukalkk thaazhe ninnu thante sainyathe nayikkukayum thante amgarakshakanum kettil drummermar addehathe anugamikkukayum cheythu.
salaadinte akramanam.
kurishuyudhasenayude aikyam nasippikkaanum avarude dridanishchayam illaathaakkaanumulla shramathil, ayubid aakramanathodoppam kaithaangukalum gongukalum ettumuttukayum kahalangal veeshukayum aalukal yudhathil nilavilikkukayum cheythu.
"vaasthavathil, nammude janangal, ennathil valare kuravaayirunnathinaal, saarasanmaarude oru koottatthaal chuttappettavaraayirunnu, avar sramichaal avarkk rakshappedaan margamilla; athrayadikam shathrukkale neridaan avarkk dhairyam undayirunnathaayi thonniyilla, allathe, avar chennaaykkalude thaadiyellukalil oru aadukalude koottam pole, mukalil aakaashamallathe mattonnumillaathavar, chuttumulla shatru."
aavarthichulla ayyubid harring akramanangal ore maathruka pinthudarnnu kaalnadayaayi bedauyin, nubienmaar ambukalum jaavalinukalum shatru nirakalilekku vikshepichu, vidaan munbu, kuthirappurathulla ambeythukaarkku munneraanum akramikkaanum chakrangal oodikkaanum anuvadikkunnathinu, nannayi parisheelikkunna oru saankethikavidya. crusader crossbomanmar ithu saadhyamaakumbol prathikarichu, ennirunnaalum crusadermarkidayile pradhana dauthyam susthiramaaya prakopanatthe abhimukheekarichu avarude raankukal samrakshikkuka ennathaayirunnu. ettumuttalukalude nirantharamaaya akramanangal aagrahicha phalam nalkunnathil paraajayappettappol, aakramanathinte bharam kurishuyudha nirayude pinbhaagathekku maatti, hospitalarmaar ettavum valia sammarddathinu vidheyamaayi. ivide ayyubid sainyathinte valathu vibhaagam hospitalar naitsinte schwadron avare moodunna kaalalppadaykkum nere nirashaajanakamaaya akramanam nadatthi. hospitalarmaare avarude pinbhaagathu ninnum vashath ninnum akramikkaan kazhiyum. hospitalar kaalalppadayil palarkkum avarude mukhavum parichakalum shathruvinodu nilanirthaan pinnott nadakkendivannu. kooduthal adutha poraattatthilekku thante sainikare prerippikkaan aakaamkshayode saladin, rund pejukalulla kuthirakale nayikkunna koottatthode vyakthiparamayi malsararangathekku praveshichu. salaadinte sahodaranaaya saif alle-dhiin (safadin) sainyathe sajeevamaayi prothsaahippikkunnathil earppettirunnu; angane iru sahodaranmaarum crossbo fayaril ninnu ganyamaaya apakadatthinu vidheyaraayi.
hospitalarmaar roopeekaranavum charge thakarkkunnu.
salaadinte ellah mikacha sramangalkkum kurishuyudha niraye sthaanabhrashtamaakkaano arsoofinte dishayilekkulla munnettam thadayaano kazhinjilla. sariyaaya samayat oru kendreekrithamaaya prathyaakramanathinaayi thante kuthirakale pidichuvekkuka enna uddeshyathode, thante sainyathe orumichu nirthaan richard dridanishchayathode, aavarthichulla kuttakrithyangalil svayam thalarthaan shathruvine nirbandhithanaakki. shathrukkalude kadutha prakopanatthil sainyam march cheyyuka mathramalla, sainyathin choodum daahavum anubhavappedukayum cheythathinaal ithil apakadasaadhyathakalundaayirunnu. sarasense ethratholam kuthirakale kollunnuvo athratholam gurutharamayathinaal richaardinte swantham naittukalil chilar oru ethir-akramanam saadhyamaakumo ennu chinthikkaan thudangi. kuthirakalillaattha niravadhi kuthirakal kaalalppadayil chernnu.
uchakazhinju munnaniyude arsufil praveshikkumbol, hospitalar chrosbomanmark pinbhaagathekku pooyi madakki vekkendivannu. anivaryamaayum avarkk aikyam nashtappettu, shatru eee avasaram vegathil prayojanappedutthi, avarude vaalukalum gadikalum upayogichu eathu vidavilekkum neengi. kurishuyudhakkaare sambandhichidatholam arsuf yuddham ippol oru nirnaayaka ghattathilekku praveshichirunnu. akramikkaan anuvadikkanamennu garnier dii nablas richardinode aavarthichu abhyarthichu. addehathinu visammathikkappettu, sthaanam nilanirthaanum oru pothu aakramanathinulla signal kaathirikkaanum maastarodu utharavittu, aarr vyakthamaaya kahalam spodanangal. ayyubid sainyam poornnamaayum prathibaddhatha pularthunnathuvare, aduthidapazhakunnathuvare, saarasensinte kuthirakal thalaraan thudangunnathuvare thante kuthirakalude chumatala neekkivaykkendathunde richaardinu ariyamaayirunnu. achadakkathinte abhaavathiloodeyo richaardinte niyogikkappetta adhikaarathinte adisthaanathil pravartthikkunnathiloode, oordarinte marshel richaardinte gaarhika naittukalil oralaaya baldwin leeii caron swantham kaalaalppadayiloode sanjarikkukayum "sent" enna nilaviliyode sarazen raankukalilekku kayarukayum cheythu. jorj!; bakkiyulla hospitalar naitukal avare pinthudarnnu. eee udaaharanam prachodippichukondu, hospitalarmaarkku thottumunbu corpsile franch naittukalum kuttam chumatthi.
parambaraagathamaayi amgeekarikkappetta sambhavangalude pathipp, garnier dii nablas hospitalar kuthirapadayum sahishnuthaykk atheethamaayi kadannupokumbol akramikkukayum richaardinte utharavukal nerittu anusarikkathirikkukayum cheythu ennathaanu. ennirunnaalum, eee pathipp velluvilikkapettu. yudhathekkurichulla richaardinte swantham kathukal ulppede mattu chila vivaranangalumayi poruthappedaattha rund anubandha srothassukalil ninnaan sthaapitha kaazhchappaad varaykkunnathu. aduthide, oru kuttatthinu utharavidunnathinulla eathu avasaravum kandethaanum pidichedukkaanum richard vishwasaneeyamaaya keezhudyogastharkku adikaaram kaimariyirikkamennu nirddeshikkappettittund. vaasthavathil, ayyubid sainyathinte kaithaangukalkkum gongukalkkum idayil oru kahalam signal engane kelkkumenno salaadinte pathiv kahalam spodanangalil ninnu verthirikkappedumenno vyakthamalla.
kurishuyudhakkaaran thirichadichu.
hospitalarmaarude nadapadi achadakka lamghanamaayirunnenkil, athu richaardinte muzhuvan thanthravum anaavaranam cheyyaan idayaakkumaayirunnu. pakaramaayi, oru shanikamaaya avasaram prayojanappeduthunnathi swantham munkaiyil pravartthikkaan addeham baldwin leeii caroninu swaathanthryam nalkiyirikkaam. enthaayaalum, orikkal aarambhicha prathyakramanam thante muzhuvan sainyavum pinthunaykkendathunde richard thirichariyukayum oru pothu charge muzhakkaan signal nalkaan utharavidukayum cheythu. pinthunayillaattha, hospitalarmaarum prarambha aurekktil ulppetta mattu pinn yoonittukalum shathrukkalude uyarnna ennam kondu amithamaakumaayirunnu. frankish kaalaalppada avarude raankukalil naittukalkk kadannupokaan vidavukal thurakkukayum akramanam swaabhaavikamaayum pinbhaagathu ninnu vaanilekk vikasikkukayum cheythu. bahaa alle-dhiin soochippichathupole, salaadinte sainyathile sainikarkk, kurishuyudhakkaarude bhaagathuninnulla nishkriyathvathil ninnu krooramaaya pravarthanathilekkulla pettennulla maattam aswasthathayundaakkukayum munkootty nischayicha oru padhathiyude falamaayi kaanappedukayum cheythu.
ithinakam kurishuyudha nirayude pinbhagavumaayi adutha pooraattatthil earppettirunna ayyubid sainyathinte valathu vibhaagam othukkamulla roopeekaranathilaayirunnu, koodaathe chaarjinte poornna aaghaatham ozhivakkaan kazhiyaathavidham shathruvinodu valare aduthaayirunnu. theerchayaayum, eee vibhaagathile chila kuthirappadakkaar avarude ambukal kooduthal phalapradamaayi nashtappeduthunnathinaayi erangiyirunnu. thalphalamaayi, ayyubidukalkku dhaaraalam naashanashtangal sambhavichu, yudhathil neratthe sahikkendivanna ellaathinum naitukal raktharookshithamaaya prathikaram cheythu. baldwin leeii caron hospitalarmaarude marshel avarude nimisham nannayi thiranjedutthirunnu. roottukal poortthiyaayi" ennu bahaa alle-dhiin abhiprayappettu."addeham salaadinte sainyathinte madhyavibhaagathilaayirunnu, athu parannuyarnnappol addeham idathuvashathu cheraan nokki, pakshe athum athivegam parakkunnathayi kandethi. valathupakshathinte vighadanam sradhayilppetta addeham oduvil salaadinte vyakthigatha baanarukal thedi, pakshe amgarakshakante pathinezh amgangalum oru drummer maathramaan ippozhum avarodoppam undaayirunnathu.
thurkkikalude draavaka thanthrangalil pariseelanam labhicha sainyangalumayi pooraadumbool amithamaya tirakk pinthudarukayaanu ettavum valia apakadamennu arinja richard ekadesham cover cheythathinu sesham akramanam nirtthi. koolam roopeekaricha valath vashathe kurishuyudha unitukal (engleeshukaarum normanmarum ulppede) ithuvare adutha pooraattatthil erppettittilla. avar oru readymaid reserve roopeekarichu, athil bakkiyullavar veendum onnichu. sajeevamaayi pinthudarunnathinte sammarddathil ninnu mochitharaaya niravadhi ayyubid sainikar mattullavarekkal ardhashoonyamaayi munnott valichedutha kuthirakale vettikkuraykkaan thirinju. franco-flemish unitukalilonninte kamaandaraaya jaims dii 'avesnus aayirunnu eee episodil kollappettavaril ettavum pramukhan. athivegam aninirannu poraattatthilekku madangiyethiya ayyubid nethaakkalil salaadinte anantharavan thaki alle-dhiin ulppedunnu. sulthaante swantham amgarakshakaril 700 pere richaardinte idathu vashath addeham nayichu. avarude schwadronukal kramatthil thirichethiyappol, richard thante naittukale randaamathe chaarjil nayikkukayum saladin sainyam veendum thakarukayum cheythu.
udaaharanathinu, "yaathraavivaranam" vivarikkunnathupole, pooraattatthinte hridayabhaagathaayirunnu richarda
"avidevechu ugran asaadhaarananumaaya rajaavu ellah dishakalilekkum thurkkikale vettikkonnu, arcum thante kaikondu rakshappedaan kazhinjilla, kaaranam avan thirinjidathellaam vaal uyarthikkond thanikkayi oru vishalamaaya paatha kothiyedutthu. avan munnott pookumbool vaal kondu aavarthichu adichu, arivaalukond koyyunnathupole avare murichumaatti, bakkiyullavar, marikkunnathayi kandu munnariyipp nalki, avanu kooduthal idam nalki, bhoomiyude mukalbhaagathu kidakkunna maricha thurkkikalude mrithadehangal araa myliladhikam neenduninnu."
chitharikkidakkunna thante sainikarkk neridendi vanna apakadathekkurichulla jagrata, ennatheyum pole vivekashaaliyaaya richard, nirthukayum kooduthal pinthudarchaykku sesham thante sainyathe veendum samghadippikkukayum cheythu. yuddham puthukkippaniyaan thangalkk ippozhum vayarundennu kaanichu ayyubid kuthirappada orikkalkkoodi thirinju. ennirunnaalum, moonnaamatheyum avasaanatheyum akramanam avare vanapradeshathekku chitharikkidakkaan kaaranamaayi, avide avar ellah dishakalilekkum kunnukalilekku chitharippoyi, samgharsham thudaraan oru chaayvum kaanichilla. richard thante kuthirappadaye kaalaalppada camp cheythirunna arsufilekku thirike nayichu. raathriyil maricha sarazen kollayadikkappettu.
anantharafalangal.
idakkaala yudhangalilennapole, nashtangal krithyathayode vilayiruthaan prayaasamaan. salaadinte sainyathin 32 ameermareyum 7,000 purushanmareyum nashtappettuvennu kristhyan charitrakaaranmaar avakaashappedunnu, ennaal yadhaartha ennam kuravaayirikkaam. paraajayathinu sesham richaardinte sainyam yudhakkalathil maricha sarazen sainikarude aayirakkanakkin mrithadehangal enniyathaayi ambroise paraamarsikkunnu. ayyubid sainyathile nethaakkalil moonnu maranangal maathramaan bahaa alle-dhiin rekhappeduthunnathu musec, kurdsinte grand-emir, kaimas ell adeli, likhush. richard raajaavinte swantham marichavarude ennam 700 ll koodiyittillennu parayappedunnu. yudhathil maricha eaka kurishuyudhanethavu jaims dii 'avesness aayirunnu; oru franch kuthira, kollappedunnathin munbu thaan 15 sarazen kuthirappadayaalikale vettikkonnu ennu ambroise avakashappettu.
arsuf oru pradhana vijayamayirunnu. ganyamaaya naashanashtangal undaayittum ayyubid sainyam nasippikkapettilla, pakshe athu parajayappettu; ithu musleengal lajjakaramaayi kanakkaakkukayum kurishuyudhakkaarude manoveeryam vardhippikkukayum cheythu. oru samakaalika abhiprayam prasthaavichathu, oru anusaranamillaatha yoonit commanderude pravarthanangalodu prathikarikkunnathinuparam, thante kuthirakale azhichuvidaanulla nimisham thiranjedukkaan richaardinu kazhinjirunnenkil, kurishuyudha vijayathin kooduthal phalapradamaakumaayirunnu. orupakshe oru samboornna vijayamayathinaal athu saalaadinte sainyathe deerghakaalathekku nishkriyamaakkumaayirunnu. roottaaya saladinu veendum groupucheyyaan kazhiyukayum thante ettumuttal reethi punaraarambhikkaan sramikkukayum cheythenkilum phalam kuravaayirunnu; arsoofile kurishuyudhakkaarude pettennullathum vinashakaravumaaya phalapradamaaya prathyaakramanathaal elakimarnna addeham kooduthal poornna thothilulla akramanam nadatthaan thayyarayilla. arsuf oru ajayyanaaya yodhaavenna nilayil salaadinte prashasthi illaathaakkukayum oru sainikanenna nilayil richaardinte dhairyavum oru commander enna nilayilulla addehathinte kazhivum theliyikkukayum cheythu. jarusalem surakshithamaakkunnathinulla thanthrapradhaanamaaya neekkamaaya jaffa pidichedukkaanum prathirodhikkanum pidichunirtthaanum richaardinu kazhinju. thanikk pidikkaan kazhiyillennu manassilakkiyathinaal saladinu thekkan palasteente mikka kottakalum ozhippikkukayum polichuneekkukayum cheyyendivannu askalon, ghaza, blanche-gaard, lidda, ramleh. saladin kaaval nirtthiyirunna eaka kottayaaya daarum kotta richard pidichedutthu, swantham gaarhikasainyam maathram undayirunnathinaal saarasente manoveeryam kuranju. theerathu ninnu saladin nashtappeduthunnathiloode, recard jarusalemil salaadinte pidivaashiye gurutharamaayi bheeshanippedutthi. kurishuyudhakkaarkku eee nagaram upayogapradamaakumenna pratheekshayil 1190-leeii venalkkaalath saladin munkootty nashippicha kottakal punarnirmikkaan richard jaafayil samayam chelavazhichu.
moonnaamathe kurishuyuddham oduvil jarusalem thirichupidikkunnathil paraajayappettenkilum, moonnu varshathe vedinirthal oduvil salaadinumaayi charcha cheythu. padinjaaru ninnulla kristhyan theerthaadakarkku veendum jarusalem sandarshikkaan anuvadikkumennu jaafa udambadi ennariyappedunna vedinirthal karar urappakki. thekk jaafa vare leventain theerathe kurishuyudhakkaarude niyanthranavum saladin amgeekarichu. pooraattatthil irupakshavum thalarnnupoyi, fraansile philippinte aakramanathil ninnu thante paarambaryatthe samrakshikkunnathinaayi richaardinu europilekku madangendivannu, palasteen oru vinashakaramaaya avasthayilaayirunnu.

