
maiks brachu

maiks brachu (6 januvari 1838-2 october 1920) oru jarmman romaantik samgeethasamvidhaayakanum vayalinistum adhyapakanum kandakdarumaayirunnu, moonnu vayalin kanserttokal ulppede 200 ladhikam kruthikal rachichu, avayil aadyathethu staanderd vayalin shekharathinte pradhana gadakamaayi maari.
aadyakaala jeevithavum vidyaabhyaasavum.
1838ll colonil oru gayakanaaya wilhelmin (), koloon poleesinte vais presidentaaya abhibhashakanaaya august kaal friedrich brachu ennivarude makalaayi maiks brachu janichu. maxinu mathilde ("till") enna oru sahodari undaayirunnu. samgeethasamvidhaayakanum piyaanistumaaya ferdinand hillarinte keezhil addeham thante aadyakaala sangeetha pariseelanam nedi, roobert shuman thante piano samgeethasamvidhaanam oru cheria samgeethasamvidhaanathil samarppichu. bohemian samgeethasamvidhaayakanum piano varchuso ignas moshels brachinte abhiruchi thiricharinju.
onpathaam vayassil, brachu thante aadya rachana ezhuthi, ammayude janmadinathinaayi oru gaanam. annumuthal samgeetham addehathinte abhiniveshamaayirunnu. addehathinte padanatthe maathaapithaakkal aaveshathode pinthunachu. motattukal, sankeerthana krameekaranangal, piano kashanagal, vayalin sonattakal, oru string kwaarttett, aasootritha oopparayude aamukham, "joonn oof arck" polulla oorkkastra kruthikal ennivayulppede niravadhi cheria aadyakaala kruthikal addeham ezhuthi. eee aadyakaala kruthikalil chilath athijeevichu, addehathinte avasheshikkunna rachanakalil bhooribhaagavum evideyaanennu anjjaathamaanu.
1849ll bonilaayirunnu addehathinu labhicha aadyathe sangeetha sidhaantha paatam. pithaavinte suhruthaaya professor heinrich kaal breadensteinaanu ithu nalkiyathu. eee samayat, brachu thante samgeethathinte bhooribhaagavum ezhuthiya berjish gladbackile oru estettilaanu thaamasichirunnathu. avivahithayaaya sahodariyodoppam avide thaamasichirunna neesen enna abhibhashakanum notariyum aayirunnu eee phaam. pinneedu, oru valia paper millinte udamasthathayilulla saandezhs kudumbamaanu eee estettu vaangiyath. pilkkala varshangalil, brachinte suhruthum rakshadhikaariyum aayi.
cheruppakkaaranaaya brachine pithaav franch, engleesh sambhashanangal padippichu.
currier.
bonil (1859) thathwachinthayum kalayum hrasvamaayi padichathinushesham, oru adhyaapakan, conductor, samgeethasamvidhaayakan ennee nilakalil broochinu oru neenda currier undaayirunnu, germmaniyile sangeetha posttukalkkidayil neengi manheim (1862-1864), coblens (1865-1867), sondarshousen (1867-1870), berlin (1870-1872), boonn, avide addeham svakaaryamaayi jolie cheyyaan 1873-78 chelavazhichu. thante kariyarinte unnathiyilirikke addeham livarpool philharmonic sosaittiyude (1880-83) kandakdaraayi moonnu seasonukal chelavazhichu.
1890 muthal 1910ll viramikkunnathuvare addeham berlin hochshyool pharr myusikkil rachana padippichu. itaaliyan samgeethasamvidhaayakanaaya autorino repikhiyum jarmman piyaanistum samgeethasamvidhaayakayum ezhuthukaariyumaaya clara mathilda faistum (1872-1948) addehathinte shradheya vidyaarthikalil ulppedunnu. ""
vyakthiparamaaya jeevithavum avasana varshangalum.
1881 januvari 3 nuu berlinil paryadanatthinide kandumuttya gayakayaaya clara tuxechine brooch vivaham kazhichu. vivaahasamayath avarkk 26 vayassaayirunnuvenn vishwasikkappedunnu. avar oru sangeetha kudumbatthil pettavaraayirunnu; avarude sahodari samgeethasamvidhaayakayaaya felicia tuxec aayirunnu. dambathikal livarpoolilekku madangukayum sephttan paarkk pradeshathu thamasam nadathukayum cheythu. 1882ll livarpoolil janicha avarude makal maargaretha. avarude aadya makan maiks felix brachu 1884 meyy 31nuu breslauvil janikkukayum cheruppatthil thanne samgeethathil valia abhiruchi prakadippikkukayum cheythu. avarkk hans evald enna rund puthranmaar koodi undaayirunnu.
maranam.
1920ll berlin-friedenouvile veettilvechu brachu marichu. 1919 august 26nuu maricha bhaarya klaarayude aduthaayi pazhaya sent. berlin-shonebergile mathyus pallithottam. margaretha brachu pinneedu shavakudeerathil kothiyedutthathu, "samgeetham daivathinte bhaashayaan."
jolie cheiyunnu.
jarmman romaantik sangeetha paarambaryatthile sankeernavum nannayi gadanayullathumaaya kruthikal france listinteyum richard vaagnarinteyum ethir "puthiya samgeetham" ennathinekkaal johannes brahams udaaharanamaayi kaanunna romaantik klaasikkisatthinte campil addehathe nirtthi. addehathinte kaalath, addeham praadhamikamaayi oru gaayakasanghagaanarachayithaavaayi ariyappettirunnu, palappozhum, addehathinte sankadathinu, kooduthal janapriyan parakke bahumaanikkappedunnathumaayu addehathinte suhruthu brahmanmaar addehathe marachu.
innu, addehathinte jeevithakaalatheppole, brachinte vayalin concerto nambar. 1, jii mainaril, oopu. 26 (1866) ettavum janapriyamaaya romaantik vayalin kacherikalilonnaanu. chalanangale bandhippikkunnathum classical ooppaning oorkkastra exposition munkaala kanserttokalude mattu yaadhaasthithika aupachaarika gadanaaparamaaya upakaranangalum ozhivaakkunnathum ulppede felix mendelsoninte vayalin concertoyil ninnulla niravadhi saankethikavidyakal ithu upayogikkunnu. parambaraagatha romaantik shailiyil eee mattangal varuthiyittum, brachu palappozhum oru yaadhaasthithika samgeethasamvidhaayakanaayi kanakkaakkappettirunnu.
ippozhum vyaapakamaayi vaayikkappedunna brachinte mattu rund kruthikal oorkkastraykkoppam sooloo string upakaranathinayi ezhuthappettu vayalin, oorkkastra ennivaykkaayulla "scotish faantasi", athil "hayy tutty taatti" enna tyooninte krameekaranam ulppedunnu, ithu roobert bensinte "scots vaa hayy" enna gaanathil upayogichathinu perukettathaanu; koodaathe "kooll nidre", opu. 47, selloik orkkastraykkum ("vayalonselloykkum orkkastraykkum vendiyulla hebru meladikalil adajio" enna upasheershakam), ithu sooloo celloyude kooll nidreyude krameekaranatthil aarambikkukayum avasaanikkukayum cheiyunnu ("ellah prathinjakalum"... ") jootha (ashkenassic) yoom kippoor sevanam thurakkunna manthram. eee kruthi 1916 leeii ernest blochinte "shelomo" ("hebru rhapsody" enna upasheershakam), kooduthal aaveshabharithavum vipuleekrithavumaaya oru chalana rachana, oru jootha vishayathodoppam sooloo selloik orkkastraykkum prachodanamaayirikkaam.
kooll nidreyude" vijayam brachu jootha vamshajanaanenna palarudeyum anumaanathilekku nayichu, ennirunnaalum brachu ithu nishedhichu, addeham joothanaanennathinu thelivukalonnumilla. addehathinte poorvvikar aarum joothanmaaraayirunnillenna krithyamaayi manassilakkaam. brachinu kristhyan enna madhyanamam nalkukayum protestant aayi valarukayum cheythu. vaasthavathil, naasi party adhikaarathilirikkunnidathum kaalam (1933-1945) addehathinte kudumbam aavarthichu nishedham unnayichenkilum, parasyamaaya jootha prameyathode samgeetham ezhuthiyathinu addehathe "saadhyathayulla joothan" aayi kanakkakkiyathinaal addehathinte samgeethathinte prakadanam parimithappedutthiyirunnu. thalphalamaayi, jarmman samsaarikkunna rajyangalil addehathinte samgeetham erekkure marannu.
chamber samgeethathinte mekhalayil, brachu athra ariyappedunnillenkilum addehathinte "klaarinett, vayola, piano ennivaykkulla ettu kashanagal" idaykkide punarujjeevippikkunduppedum eee apoorvamaaya upakaranangalude samyojanathinaayi mattu samgeethangal valare kuravaanu. oru prathyeka klaarinett kalakarane manassil vechukondu thante klaarinett rachanakal nirmmicha brahmanmaareppole, brooch eee thrayam oru prathyeka klaarinett kalakaaranaaya thante swantham makan maxinu vendi ezhuthi. ennirunnaalum, eee kashanagal brachinte aouttputtil ottaykku nilkkunnilla. ennirunnaalum, chamber sangeetha paarambaryatthil addeham niravadhi kruthikal rachichu, athil addehathinte septtat sradheyamaanu. addehathinte kariyarinte thudakkathil rachicha addehathinte aadya pradhana kruthikal, shumante string kwaarttattukalkku (opi) samanamaaya swarathilum theevrathayilum samanamaaya rund string kwaarttattukalaanu. 41). livarpool philharmonic sosaittiyude kandakdaraayirikke addeham rachana aarambhichathinal addehathinte randaamathe piano kvintattinte rachana kauthukakaramaanu. amachwarukalkkaayi ezhuthiyathaanenkilum, ithu oru nyayamaaya rachanayaan, livarpoolil ninnu purathupoya brachu avasana chalanam poortthiyaakkaan soumyamaayi prerippichathinushesham maathramaan ithu poortthiyaakkiyathu.
sarr donald tovi ezhuthi, "groovinte" nighanduvile "lekhanathinte rachaithaavinodu njaan poornnamaayum yojikkunnu, addeham parayunnu, brachinte ettavum valia praaveenyam korasinteyum oorkkastrayudeyum chikilsayilaanu."tovi prathyekichum" "odeeshyasa senan oos derr odeesi" "(" "odeeshyasa odeesiyil ninnulla ramgangal" "), opu". 41, corus, sooloo vaadyakkaar, oorkkastra, oru kairi, sanctus ennivaykku.
1918-ll, thante jeevithaavasaanathode, brachu orikkal koodi rund string kvintattukalude gadanayulla cheria samghangalaayi kanakkakkappettu, avayil onnu 1920-ll naalu vayalin, rund vayola, cello, oru double baas ennivaykkaayi ezhuthiya string oktattinte adisthaanamaayi pravarthichu. eee oktattu eee dashakathile noothana shailiyumaayi oru paridhivare virudhamaanu. sconberg, stravinsky thudangiya samgeethasamvidhaayakar munnottulla aadhunika pravanathayudeyum brach mattullavarum aaa kaalaghattatthile viplavaathmaavine ozhivaakkikkond romaantik paarambaryatthinullil rachana thudaraan shramichu. avasaanathe eee moonnu chamber kruthikalum oru 'kacheriyude' shaili pradarshippikkunnu, athil aadya vayalin bhagam pradhaanamaan, koodaathe sangeetha thaalpparyavum ulkkollunnu. 1930kalil avaa aadyamaayi professionalaayi avatharippikkappedumbo, brachinte prashasthi vashalaavukayum addeham prashasthamaaya concertoic maathram ariyappedukayum cheythu.
vayalin, oorkkastra ennivaykkaayi ariyappedaatha rund samgeethaparipaadikal brachinte mattu kruthikalil ulppedunnu, illa. 2 inn dii minor (1878), nambar. 3 inn dii minor (1891) (ithu brachu kuranjathu aadyathe prashasthamaayathupole mikachathaayi kanakkakki); athupole klaarinett, vayola, oorkkastra ennivaykkulla oru concerto, vayalin, vayola allengil cello, oorkkastra ennivaykkulla niravadhi kashanagal. addehathinte moonnu symphonykalil phalapradamaayi chittappeduthiyirikkunna vyathirikthamaya jarmman romaantik meladic rachanakal adangiyirikkunnu.
eee triple aouttputtilekku addeham pilkkala jeevithathil moonnu oorkkastra syoottukal chertthu, athil moonnaamathethinu sradheyamaaya charithramund. oru shavasamskara maarchinte adisthaanamaayirikkaam", eee syoottinte adisthaanamaayirikkukayum, 1909-ll addeham poortthiyaakkukayum cheytha oru tyoon oru tubayil vaayikkunna oru ghoshayaathraykk brachu saakshyam vahicha kaapriyilaan athinte uthbhavam kandethanakum. american sutro sistezhs piano jody, rooss, ottili sutro ennivar avarkkayi prathyekamaayi oru konsertoikkaayi brachinode aavasyappettirunnu, eee suit oru eratta piano concerto aayi krameekarichukondu addeham nirmmichu, pakshe amerikkaykkullil mathramalla athinappurathum maathrame athu vaayikkaavoo. rund piyanokalkkum orkkastraykkum vendi oru phlait mainarile concerto, oopu. 88eiii, soothrangalkkaayi 1912 ll poortthiyaakkiyenkilum yadhaartha pathippil orikkalum kalichilla. svanthamaayi rund vyathyastha pathippukalil avar rund thavana maathrame eee kruthi nirvvahichittulloo. 1917ll eee samgeethasamvidhaanam pinvalikkukayum 1970ll oottili sutroyude maranashesham maathrame veendum kandethukayulloo. vayalin concerto nambar onpathinte kaiyezhuthuprathiyude vidhiyil sahodarimaarum pradhana punk vahichu. 1: amerikkayil wilkan brachu athu avarkk ayachuvenkilum avar athu sookshikkukayum swantham laabhathin maathram vilkkukayum cheythu.
vayalinistukalaaya joseph jokim villi hez aaa upakaranathinayulla rachanayekkurichu brachine upadeshikkukayum "vayalin, oorkkastra ennivaykkulla kacheri" opu ulppede addehathinte chila kruthikal hess pradarshippikkukayum cheythu. 84, athu addehathinaayi rachichathaanu.