mahaakshaamatthinte kaalakramam

1845 november november 29num idayil irelandile janasamkhya 20 muthal 25 sathamaanam vare kuranja airish charithratthinte oru kaalaghattatthe mahaakshaamatthinte (allengil "drotiol") kaalaganana rekhappeduthunnu. lettu blaitt ennariyappedunna urulakkizhangu rogam moolamundaaya kshaamamaayirunnu sameepakaala kaaranam. kaaranam europiludaneelamulla urulakkizhangu vilakale blaitt nashippichuvenkilum, janasamkhyayude moonnilonnu bhakshanathinaayi urulakkizhangine poornnamaayum aasrayikkukayum mattu bhakshanagal dhaaraalamaayi ulppaadippikkukayum cheytha irelandile swaadheenavum manushya chelavum charitraparamaaya charchaavishayamaayi thudarunna niravadhi rashtreeya, saamoohika, saambathika gadakangal vardhippichu.
kaalakramam.
1843.
newyork, philadelphia thuramukhangalkku chuttum urulakkizhangu rogaavastha report cheyyappettu.
1844.
beljiyam sarkkar, churundathum unangiyathumaaya azhukkumaayi bandhapetta oru prashnam pariharikkanulla shramathil, amerikkayil ninnu vithu urulakkizhangu irakkumathi cheyyukayum vestt flandezhsile curegamil nattupidippikkukayum cheythappol vila rogamullathayi report cheyyappettu. beljiyam sasyashaasthranjanum michologistumaaya desmassiers, fraansasinte aduthulla department nordil, lillinu chuttumulla vilanashangal ganyamaayi report cheythappol, eee rogam kandethi. kent enna naadodi kallu thuramukhathinu sameepam chaanaliludaneelam oru pottippurappedalum report cheyyappettu. 1843ll vadakke amerikkayile urulakkizhangu vilaye nashippicha eee rogam atlaantik kadannathennathinte aadyathe rekhappeduthiya thelivukal.
1845.
august.
august thudakkathil thekkan englandile kentil oru urulakkizhangu rogam report cheyyappettu.
septambar.
1845 septambar septambar irelandilaanu urulakkizhangu rogaavastha aadyamaayi report cheyyappettathu. dablinile vilakal pettennu nashichu. saarvathrika urulakkizhangu azhukiyal ireland evideyaayirikkum" ennu chodikkunna "thottakkaarude charithratthil" ithu report cheyyappettu."ennirunnaalum, adutha eathaanum aazhchakalolam britiish sarkkar shubhaapthivishwaasathilaayinu.
october.
veettil valarunna daanyangalude vila uyarthuka ennathaayirunnu cholam niyamangalude thathwam. irakkumathi cheytha daanyangalude theeruva engleesh karshakarkk kuranjathum labhakaravumaaya vila urappakki. appathinu uyarnna vilayude bharam vahichathu thozhilaalivargakkaaraayinu, prathyekichu factory thozhilaallikalum pravartthakarum. cholam niyamangal raddaakkiyaal bhoomiyumaayi bandhappettavarellam nasippikkappedumennum raajyathinte sthaapitha saamoohika samghadana nasippikkappedumennum avakashappettu.
sessil woodham-smithinte abhipraayathil, torrykaludeyum bhoovudamakaludeyum vardhichuvarunna kopam "irelandilulla ellah thaalpparyangalum mungippoyathaayi" urappakki."airish durithatthinte parihaaratthinaayi oru yogam vilikkaan livarpoolile torry mayer visammathichathayi avar ezhuthunnu. dablinile maalika house kammitti 'thettaaya alaram upayogichu pothujanangale kabalippichuvennu' aaropikkappettuvennum eee rogam thanne 'vellathinte maruvashathulla prakshobhakarude kandupiduthamaayi' prathinidheekarikkappettunne avar thudarunnu. cholam niyamangal raddaakkiyathumaayi airish shaamam earppedunnathu irelandine sambandhichidatholam oru pradhana nirbhaagyamaayirunnuvennu avar parayunnu. cholam niyamam raddaakkunna aabhyanthara prashnam urulakkizhanginte paraajayatthe marikadannu. airish shaamam, avar ezhuthunnu, "pashchaathalatthilekku vazhuthiveenu."
1846.
1846-nte thudakkathil pattini moolam aadyathe maranangal sambhavichu. maarchil peel irelandil pothumaraamathu paripadi aarambhichuvenkilum juun 29-nuu pradhaanamantri sthaanam raajivaykkaan nirbandhithanaayi. loard rassalinte keezhilulla puthiya wig bharanakoodam, vipani aavashyamaaya bhakshanam nalkumenna avarude lices-fair vishwaasathil swaadheenikkukayum pinneedu sarkkar bhakshanavum durithaashwaasa pravartthanangalum nirthukayum lakshakkanakkin aalukalkk jolio panamo bhakshanamo illaathaavukayum cheythu. rajyath ninnu daanyangal kayattumathi cheiyunnathu thudarnnu. sosaitti oof frondsinte (kwekarmar) kendra durithaashwaasa samiti polulla swakaarya samrambhangal sarkkar durithaashvaasam avasaanichathinaal undaaya vidavu nikathaan sramikkukayum oduvil sarkkar durithaashwaasa pravartthanangal punasthaapikkukayum cheythu, ennirunnaalum bureaucracy bhakshya vitharanathinte vegatha kurachu. eee rogam rogam vilaye eathaandu poornnamaayum nasippikkukayum shaamam ganyamaayi vashalaavukayum cheythu. disambarode oru dasalaksham niraalambaril moonnilonnu perr pothupravartthanangalil earppettu.
1847.
1847 vilaveduppil sharashari vilavu undaayirunnuvenkilum vithu urulakkizhangu nadunnathinu illaathathinaal vila kuravaayirunnu. 1846-leeii avasana maasangalilum 1847-nte thudakkathilum pothupravartthanangalil janakkoottam thadichukooditthudangi, ithu shaamappani padarunnathinulla saamoohika saahacharyangale krithyamaayi prothsaahippichu.'januvari avasaanathilum februvariyilum, thaalkkaalika durithaashwaasa niyamam ennu vilikkunna niyamanirmmanam britiish paarlamentiloode kadannupoyi; ithu suupp kichan aakt ennum idaykkide bergoins aakt ennum ariyapettu. niralambaraaya janangalkk nerittum soujanyamaayum vilakuranja bhakshanam athikkunnathinaanu eee durithaashwaasa samvidaanam roopakalppana cheythirikkunnathu. eee durithaashwaasa samvidaanam septambaril avasanippikkum. durithaashwaasa samvidaanathil adhika maattavum sarkkar prakhyaapichu. 1847 augustinu sesham, sthiramaaya mosham niyamam vipuleekarikkukayum aashvaasam nalkunnathinu utharavaadithamullathaayi maarukayum athinte falamaayi, ellah aashwaasathinum praadeshika mosham niyama nirakkukal vazhi dhanasahayam nalkukayum cheyyum. ithu praadeshika mosham nirakkukalil, prathyekichu grameena padinjaaran, thekk bhaagangalil asaadhyamaaya bharam cheluthunnu. kshaamakaalatthe vanthothilulla kudiyettathodoppam, 'shavappettikakkappalukalu' 1847-nteyum bheekarathakal annumuthal janakeeyamanassil bandhappettirikkunnave jaims ezz. donali.
irelandile britiish bharanathinethire akramasakthamaaya kalaapathin saadhyathayullathinekkurich britiish sarkkaarin aashankayundaakkiya valarnnuvarunna airish deseeya prakshobhathetthudarnnu 1847 desemberil crime aandu regrez bill (ireland) 1847 nadappilaakki.
dveepine jillakalaayi samghadippikkaanum jillakalude chelavil police senaye athilekku konduvaranum bill irelandile lefttanant prabhuvinu adikaaram nalki. thokkukal swanthamaakkaan kazhiyunnavare parimithappedutthukayum, bhoovudamakal kollappedumbol kolayaalikalennu samshayikkunnavare pidikoodaan sahayikkuvaano allengil oru kuttakrithyatthil svayam kuttakkaranakuvano jillayile jillayile 16num idayil praayamulla ellah purushanmareyum aavasyappedukayum cheythu.
1848.
1848ll rogam thirichuvarikayum collara pottippurappedunnathayi report cheyyappedukayum cheythu. thangalude britiish bhoovudamakalude aavasyangal niravettaan kazhiyaatha airish janathayil kudiyozhippikkal saadhaaranamaayitheernnu. outtdoor durithaashwaasathinaayi shaamabaadhithar joolaiyil ekadesham 840,000 aalukalayi uyarnnu. juulai juulai vilyam smith obrian sarkkaarinethire oru prakshobhatthinu neethrthwam nalki. kaundi tipparariyile balingari graamatthile "vithava mccormakkinte veettil" nadanna oru ettumuttalinushesham kalaapathinte nethaakkal amerikkayilekku palayanam cheiyukayo gathaagathathinu shikshikkukayo cheythu.
1849.
1849ll urulakkizhangu vila veendum paraajayappedukayum shaamathodoppam collara pottippurappedukayum cheythu. eee marakamaaya collara pakarchavyaadhi irelandile ettavum mikacha kavikaliloralaaya jaims clarence mangane vadhichu.
1850.
shaamam avasaanichu.
1851.
1851 leeii sensus kanakkukal kaanikkunnath irelandile janasamkhya 6,575,000 aayi kuranjuvennaanu-patthu varshathinullil 1,600,000 enna kuravaanu. kuravaanu sensus prasiddhavum ennaal thettayathumaaya oru uravidamaanennu cormac ooo grada joyal mokirum visheshippichittundu. sthaapanaparavum vyakthiparavumaaya kanakkukal shaamasamayathe maranangalude "apoornnavum pakshapathaparavumaaya kanakk" nalkunnuvennu avar vaadikkunnu. shaamam athinte pashchaathalatthil oru dasalaksham perr marikkukayum mattoru dasalaksham perr kudiyerukayum cheythu. shaamam britiish gavanmentinodu airish janathaykku shaashvathamaaya kayperiya bhavam srishtichu, palarum avare-appozhum ippolum-pattinik kuttappedutthi. kshaamatthinte pathanam pinneedu pathittaandukalolam thudarnnu.

