theetta roll

theetta rolukal oru pravachanavumaayi bandhapetta pankaali rolukalude perukalaanna pravachanam oru kriya, oru naamavachakam, oru munganana allengil oru namam aakam. oru vasthu chalanatthilaanenkil allengil samsarikkunnavar samsthaanathe manassilaakkunnathupole sthiramaaya avasthayilaanenkil, allengil athu charchaa vishayamaanengil, athine oru theem ennu vilikkunnu. pankedukkunnayaal saadhaaranayaayi pravachanatthinte oru vaadamaanennu parayappedunnu. generative vyaakaranathil, oru prathyeka kriyaykk vaakyaghadanayaayi aavashyamaaya vaakyaghadana ghadanaye prathinidheekarikkunnathinu aupachaarika upakaranamaan theetta roll allengil θ-roll. udaaharanathinu, "puttu" enna kriyaykk moonnu aargyumentukal aavasyamaanu (i.iii., athu trithvamaanu).
oru kriyayude aargyument ghadana nadappilaakkunnathinulla aupachaarika samvidaanam theetta rolukalaayi krodeekarichirikkunnu. puttu" enna kriya moonnu theetta rolukal "assain" cheiyumennu parayappedunnu. kriyayude lexical entriyumaayi bandhapetta oru theetta griddle ithu coode cheythirikkunnu. theetta grid yadhaartha vaakyavum thammilulla kathidapaadukal theetta maanadandam ennariyappedunna vyaakaranathile oru bijective filter vazhiyaan poortthiyaakkunnathu. theetta rolukalekkurichulla aadyakaala sangalppangalil (theetta rolukal "kesukal" ennu vilikkunna fillmore) ulppedunnu.
sarkkaarinteyum binding sidhaanthathinteyum parivartthana vyaakaranathinteyum staanderd sidhaanthathinteyum pradhana gadakangalaanu theetta rolukal.
vishayaparamaaya bandhangal.
theetta roll enna padam palappozhum theemattik relations enna padavumaayi parasparam maattiyedukkaan upayogikkunnu (prathyekichu mukhyadharaa generative vyaakaranathil-oru apavaadathinu kaanuka). ithinte kaaranam lalithamaanu theetta rolukal saadhaaranayaayi vishayaparamaaya bandhangale paraamarsikkunnu. prathyekichum, theetta rolukal palappozhum avayile ettavum pradhanappetta prameyaparamaaya bandhathaal paraamarshikkappedunnu. udaaharanathinu, oru pothu theetta roll praadhamikamo baahyamo aaya vaadamaanu. saadhaaranayaayi, ellaayppozhum allengilum, eee theetta roll oru ejantu theemattik bandham vahikkunna oru naamavaakyathilekku mapp cheiyunnu. athinaal, theetta roline "ejantu" theetta roll ennu vilikkunnu. ithu palappozhum rund ashayangalum thammilulla aashayakkuzhappathilekk nayikkunnu. ennirunnaalum, eee rund ashayangalum pala tharatthil verthirichariyaan kazhiyum.
theetta rolukal oru prathyeka vaada sthaanavumaayi bandhapetta theemattik bandhangalude koottangalaanu ennathaanu theetta rolukalekkurichu chinthikkunnathinulla oru saadhaarana maarggam.
theetta gridukalum theetta maanadandavum.
theetta rolukal oru kriyayude "theetta griddle" sambharichirikkunnu. gridukal saadhaaranayaayi rund roopangalil varunnu. type cheyyaan ettavum lalithavum eluppamullathum angle brackettukalkkidayil oru oordar cheytha listaayi ezhuthappedunnu. baahya vaada sthaanavumaayi bandhapetta aargyument (ithu saadhaaranayaayi sajeeva vaakyangalile vishayamaayi avasaanikkunnu) aadyam ezhuthukayum adivarayidukayum cheiyunnu. theetta rolukalkku avayil adangiyirikkunna ettavum pradhanappetta theemattik bandhamaan perittirikkunnath. eee notteshanil, "nalkuka" polulla oru kriyayude theetta grid <ejantu, theem, goal> aanu.
mattoru notteshan (udaaharanathinu aandu leeii paatapusthaka udaaharanagal kaanuka) theetta rolukal boxukalaayi verthirikkunnu, athil oro nirayum theetta roline prathinidheekarikkunnu. theetta rolil adangiyirikkunna theemattik bandhangalude perukale mukalile varii prathinidheekarikkunnu. chila jolikalil (udha.jii.), eee boxil theetta rolumaayi bandhapetta vibhaagathekkurichulla vivarangalum adangiyirikkunnu. ithu theetta sidhaanthathe upavibhaagavalkkarana ashayavumaayi samyojippikkunnu. thaazhathe varii vaakyathile thanne subscript cheytha markerukalumaayi bandhapetta soochikakalude oru parambara nalkunnu, ithu avaa attaachucheythirikkunna enpacnu theetta roll nalkiyittundennu soochippikkunnu.
susanne" ejantu/sozhsinte baahya theetta roll nalkiyittundennum "phudu" theem roll nalkiyittundennum "biff" nuu goal roll nalkiyittundennum soochippikkunna "[enpi susanne]" enna vaakyathil prayogikkumbol njaan [enpi phudu] jeey [pipitto biff] keey nalki.
vaadangalum theetta rolukalum thammilulla poruttham nadappilaakkunnathinulla gavanmentile aupachaarika upakaranavum binding sidhaanthavumaanu theetta maanadandam (allengil θ-maanadandam). ithu vaakyathinte dii-ghadanayil oru filteraayi pravartthikkunnu. aargyumentukalude ennavum (saadhaaranayaayi enps, pps, allengil ulchertha klosukal) theetta rolukalude ennavum thammil sariyaaya poruttham undakkunnathil oru aargyument parajayappettaal, aaa vaachakam vyaakaranaparamo paazhsabil allathatho aayirikkum. chomskyude roopeekaranam ithaanu
theetta maanadandam oro vaadathinum orennam maathrame θ-roll vahikkunnulloo, oro θ-rollum orennam maathramaan aargyument.
ithu palappozhum vyakthamaayi prasthaavichittillengile, anubandhangale theetta maanadandatthil ninnu ozhivaakkunnu.
vishayaparamaaya shrenikal.
bhaashakalude typological cross-lingvistik thaarathamyangale adisthaanamaakkiyulla nireekshanangal varaykkuka, relational vyaakarana (aarji) paarambaryatthile bhaashaashaasthranjar (udha.jii. ) prathyeka theemattik bandhangalum theetta rolukalum vaakyathile prathyeka sthaanangalilekku mapp cheiyunnuvennu nireekshichu. udaaharanathinu, adayaalappeduthaatha saahacharyangalil ejantumaar vishaya sthaanangal, vasthuvinte sthaanathe prameyangal, paroksha vasthukkalilekkulla lakshyangal enniva mapp cheiyunnu. rg-ll, ithu saarvathrika alainment sidhaanthathil (allengil uah) encode cheythirikkunnu, avide theemattik bandhangal inipparayunna sreniye adisthaanamaakki nerittu aargyument sthaanathekku mapp cheiyunnu ejantu <theem <experiencer <mattullava. maarkk baker eee ashayam theetta assainment sidhaanthathinte (allengil uttaa) ekeekrithathayude roopathil jibi sidhaanthathilekku sweekarichu. samana gadanaaparamaaya bandhangal kondu enangal thammilulla samana prameyaparamaaya bandhangal engane kaanikkunnuvenn uttaa vishadeekarikkunnu. aashayavinimayathin vyathyasthamaaya oru sameepanam nalkiyittundu, avide theetta rolukal allengil theemattik bandhangal poleyulla karyangal illa. pakaram, vyaakaranathinte vyaakhyaana ghadakam oru vaadathinte vrukshathile sthaanathe adisthaanamaakki ardhaparamaaya punk thirichariyunnu.
mattu aupachaarika sameepanangalile vaada ghadana.
lexical-functional vyaakarana (ell. eph. jii).
lexical-functional vyaakaranavum (ell. eph. jii) theetta-rolukal nadappilaakkunnathil chomskyan sameepanangalumayi ettavum saamyamullathaan. ennirunnaalum, aargyumentukalude bandhangaleyo pravartthanangaleyo prathinidheekarikkunnathin elfg moonnu vyathyastha paalikal upayogikkunnu θ-ghadana, a-ghadana (aargyument ghadana), vyaakarana bandhangal prakadippikkunna eph-ghadana (functional ghadana). sankeernamaaya linking thathwangalude oru koottam upayogichu eee moonnu paalikalum orumichu bandhippichirikkunnu. θ-gadanayile prameyaparamaaya bandhangal a-gadanayile oru koottam sthaanangalil mapp cheiyunnu, avaa savisheshathakalumaayi [+ o] (ekadesham "object"), [±r] (ekadesham "niyantritha" ennartham ithu oru munganana allengil cases marking upayogichu vyakthamaayi adayaalappeduthiyiriknu) bandhippichirikkunnu. theemukal [-r] lake mapp cheiyunnu, randaamathe theemukal [+ o] lake mapp cheiyunnu, theemukal allathava [-o] lake mapp cheiyunnu. vaakyathile nirddishta vyaakarana pravarthanangalilekku aargyumentukal engane mapp cheiyunnuvennu eee savisheshathakal nirnnayikkunnu. aadyathe [-o] aargyument sabj (vishayam) bandhatthilekku mapp cheythirikkunnu. [-o] aargyument illengil aadyathe [-r] aargyument sabj relationilekku mapp cheiyunnu. ivayonnum baadhakamallengil, ningal savisheshatha gadanayilekku plus moolyam ([+ r] allengil [+ o]) cherkkukayum inipparayunna mappingukal prayogikkukayum cheyyuka [-o,-r]: subj, [+ o,-r]: object (obije), [-o, + r]: munkootty adayaalappeduthiya charivu (oblh), [+ o, + r]: munkootty adayaalappeduthiya object (objh). eee mappingukal inipparayunna parimithikalaal kooduthal parimithappedutthiyirikku
 function aargyument bioniquensa oro eiii-structure rollum oru advitheeya eph-structure functionumaayi poruthappedunnu, koodaathe oro eph-structure function oru advitheeya eiii-structure rolumaayi poruthappedunnu. 
 vishaya vyavastha oro kriyaykkum oru sabj undaayirikkanam
θ-maanadandatthinte athe advaanam cheiyunna inipparayunna rund parimithikalaal f-ghadana kooduthal parimithappedutthiyirikku
 oru vaakyathinte eph-gadanayile oro pankaliyum athinte khandathile oru pravachanatthinte ghadanayil (allengil oru ghadana samavaakyathil) paraamarshikkendathundu. 
 poornnatha oru vaakyathinte eph-ghadanayil eiii-ghadanayil paraamarshichirikkunna ellah vyaakarana pravarthanangalkkum moolyangal adangiyirikkanam. 
thalayil pravartthikkunna vaakyaghadana vyakaranam (echu. pii. ezz. jii).
thala-nayikkunna vaakyaghadana vyakaranam (echu. pii. ezz. jii) (oru paatapusthaka aamukhathinaayi, kaanuka) theetta rolukal svayam upayogikkunnilla, marichu avayude swath rund vyathyastha savisheshathakalaayi vibhajikkunnu. aarg-stree enna savisheshathayaanu samkhyayum vibhaagavum soochippikkunnathu. oru prathyeka kriyayumaayo pravachanavumaayo koodicherenda vibhaagangalude kramappeduthiya pattikayaanu eee savisheshatha. udaaharanathinu, "nalkuka" enna kriyayude aarg-stree listt <np, np, pp> aanu. theetta rolukalude ardhabhaagam (i.iii. theemattik bandhangal) oru prathyeka semantic restruction (restaar) savisheshathakalilaan pariganikkunnath. iva saadhaaranayaayi vishayaparamaaya bandhangalekkaal nerittu ardhaparamaaya gunangal prakadippikkunnu. udaaharanathinu, "nalkuka" enna kriyayude vaadangalumaayi bandhapetta ardhaparamaaya bandhangal ejantu, theem, goal ennivayalla, marichu nalkunnayal, nalkunnayal.
theetta rolukal ozhivaakkunna sameepanagal.
nirmmaana vyaakaranavum lalithamaaya vaakyaghadana maathrkayum ulppede vyaakaranathodulla niravadhi sameepanagal (aargyument ghadanayeyum ardhashaasthratheyum kurichulla jackendoffinte muun kruthiyum kaanuka, koodaathe) theetta rolukal (theemattik bandhangalum) vaakyaghadanaye prathinidheekarikkunnathinu nalla maargamallenn avakaashappedunnu. vaakyaghadanayude gadanayilekku mapp cheiyunna kooduthal sankeernavum vyakthavumaya ardhaghadanakalkkaayi (palappozhum lexical-kansepchwal strectureukal ennu vilikkunnu) avar vaadikkunnu.
athupole, vyaakaranathodulla mikka typological sameepanangalum, functionalist sidhaanthangalum (functional vyaakaranavum rollum reference vyaakaranavum, dependency vyaakaranavum polullava theetta rolukal upayogikkunnilla, pakshe avaa theemattik bandhangaleyum vyaakarana bandhangaleyum allengil avayude notteshanal thulyathakaleyum paraamarshikkaam. maappinginte thathwangal upayogichu iva saadhaaranayaayi parasparam nerittu bandhappettirikkunnu.

