
rainar maria rilke

raine kaal wilhem johann joseph maria rilke (4 desember 1875-29 desember 1926), rainer maria rilke () ennu churukkatthil ariyappedunna oru austriyan kavayitriyum novalistumaayirunnu. oru vyathirikthanum aavishkaarasheelanumaaya kaviyayi prashamsikkappedunna addeham jarmman bhaashayile oru pradhana ezhuthukaaranaayi parakke amgeekarikkappedunnu. aathmanishtamaaya anubhavathinteyum avishwaasathinteyum vishayangal paryavekshanam cheiyunna, nigoodathayude adivarayidunnavayaayi addehathinte kruthikale vimarshakarum pandithanmaarum kaanunnu. addehathinte rachanakalil oru noval, niravadhi kavita samahaarangal, niravadhi kathidapaadukal enniva ulppedunnu.
europiludaneelam vipulamaayi sanjaricha rilkk oduvil swittsarlandil sthirathaamasamaakki, addehathinte pala kavithakalkkum prachodanamaayi. jarmman saahityathinu nalkia sambhaavanakaliloodeyaanu rilke kooduthal ariyappedunnathu, athesamayam addeham franchilum ezhuthi. engleesh bhasha vaayanakkaaril, addehathinte ettavum prashasthamaaya kruthikalil rund kavita samahaarangal ulppedunnu "duno eligies" ('), "sonattukal tuu oorphiyas" ('), oru ardha-aathmakathaaparamaaya noval "dhii notebukkukal oof malte laurids brigj" ('), marananantharamaayi prasidheekaricha patthu kathukalude samahaaram "oru yuva kaviykk kathukal" ('). irupathaam noottaandinte avasaanathil, svayam sahaaya ezhuthukaarude udharanikalilum television shokalilum pusthakangalilum chalachithrangalilum pathivayi udharani cheiyunnathil addehathinte srishtikal puthiya prekshakare kandethi.
jeevacharitram.
aadyakaala jeevitam (1875-1896).
bohemiyayude thalasthaanamaaya praaguvil (annu check republicinte thalasthaanamaaya austriya-hangariyude bhaagamaayirunnu) rene kaal wilhem johann joseph maria rilke enna peril addeham janichu. praagile addehathinte kuttikkalavum youvanavum ellaayppozhum santhoshakaramaayirunnilla. addehathinte pithaav joseph rilke (1838-1906) oru parajayappetta sainikajeevithathin sesham railway udyogasthanaayi jolie kandethi. addehathinte amma sophi ("fia") ents (1851-1931) praagile oru sambanna kudumbatthil ninnullavalaayirunnu, rene thante aadya varshangalil bhooribhaagavum chelavazhicha herengassi (panska) 8 ll thaamasichirunna ents-kinselbergezhs. oraazhchaykkullil maricha oru sisuvaaya makalkkuvendiyulla avalude vilaapamaan fia avalude eaka makan thammilulla bandhathinu niram nalkiyathu. rilkkinte aadya varshangalil, rilke oru penkuttiyaayi kanakkakki nashtappetta makale veendedukkaan shramikkunnathupole fia pravarthichu. rilkkeyude abhipraayathil, addehathinu "mikacha vasthrangal" dharikkendivannu, "oru valia paava pole [ammaykku] oru kalisthalamaayirunnu". 1884ll addehathinte maathaapithaakkalude vivaham avasaanichu. 
addehathinte maathaapithaakkal kavithvaparamaayum kalaparamaayum kazhivulla yuvaakkale lover austriyayile saankt poltainile oru sainika academyil chertthu. 1886 muthal 1891 vare addeham klaasukalil pankedutthenkilum asukham kaaranam addeham avide ninnu pooyi. thudarnnu addeham linsilake thamasam maarukayum oru trade schoolil praveshikkukayum cheythu. 1892 meyy maasathil purathaakkappetta 16carren praaguvilekku madangi, avide 1895ll vijayicha sarvakalashaala praveshana pareekshaykkaayi moonnu varshathekku addehathe padippichu. 1896ll school vittu myoonikkilekk maarunnathuvare praagile saahityam, kalaacharitram, thathwachintha ennivayil klaasukal eduthu.
myoonikkum sent peettezhsburg.
1897 ll myoonikkilvechu vyaapakamaayi sanjarichathum budhiparavumaaya luuya andreus-salomi enna sthreeyumaayi rilke kandumuttukayum pranayathilaakukayum cheythu. aaa peru kooduthal purushathvamullathum shakthavum jarmman bhaashayilullathumaanennu avar karuthiyathinaal salominte nirddeshaprakaaram addeham thante aadyanamam "rene" ennathil ninnu "rainer" ennu maatti. russiayilekku rund vipulamaaya yathrakal nadatthiya eee vivahita sthreeyumaayulla addehathinte bandham 1900 vare neenduninnu. avar verpirinjathinusheshavum, salome thante jeevithavasaanam vare rilkkinte ettavum pradhanappetta vishwasthanaayi thudarnnu. 1912 muthal 1913 vare sigmund froydil oru manashaasthranjayaayi pariseelanam nediya avar manahshaasthra vishakalanathekurichulla arivu rilkkeyumaayi pankittu.
1898ll rilke italiyilekku aazhchakalolam yaatra cheythu. adutha varsham addeham loovinum avalude bharthaav friedrich kaal andreasinum oppam moscoylake yaatra cheyyukayum avide novelist lioo tolstoyiye kandumuttukayum cheythu. 1900 meyy muthal august vare, loovinoppam rashyayilekkulla randaamathe yaatra addehathe veendum moscoyilekkum sent peettezhsbargilekkum kondupoyi, avide addeham boris paastarnaakkinteyum karshaka kaviyaya spiridoon droshinteyum kudumbatthe kandumutty. ezhuthukaariyaaya anna eiii. bohemia russiayileyum samskaarangalaanu rilkkeyude kavithayilum bodhatthilum pradhana swaadheenam cheluthiyathennu tavis udharikkunnu.
1900ll rilke worpswedeyile aartists kolaniyil thaamasichu. (pinneedu, addehathinte chhaayaachitram varachathu worpsweadle vachu parichayapetta proto-expressionist poula moderson-becker aayirunnu.) ivideyaanu addeham adutha varsham vivaham kazhicha shilpi clara westhoffine parichayappettath. avarude makal rooth (1901-1972) 1901 desemberil janichu.
paarees (1902-1910).
1902-leeii venalkkaalath, rilke veedu vittu shilpi auguste roadinil oru monograph ezhuthaan paareesilekk pooyi. taamasiyaathe addehathinte bhaarya makale maathaapithaakkalkkoppam upekshichu avide rilkkeyil chernnu. rilk clara westhoff thammilulla bandham jeevithakalam muzhuvan thudarnnu; vivaahamochanathinaayulla paraspara sammathathodeyulla oru sramam rilkk oru catholicanaayirunnu enna vastutha bureaucratic reethiyil thadassappeduthi, pakshe athu oru abhyaasamallaatha onnaayirunnu.
thudakkathil, rilkeykku paareesil budhimuttundaayirunnu, thante eaka novalaaya "dhii notebukkukal oof malte laurids brigg" enna novalinte aadya bhaagath addeham eee anubhavam aavasyappettu. athe samayam aadhunikathayumaayulla addehathinte ettumuttal valare uthejakamaayirunnu roadinte shilpathilum pinneedu pooll sessaneyude srishtiyilum rilke aazhathil earppettu. kurachukaalam addeham roadinte sekrattariyaayi pravartthikkukayum roadinteyum addehathinte kruthikaludeyum peril prabhashanangal nadathukayum oru neenda lekhanam ezhuthukayum cheythu. vasthunishtamaaya nireekshanatthinte moolyam roadin addehathe padippikkukayum eee swaadheenathil, rilke thante kaavyathmaka sailiye thante muun kruthikalude aathmanishtavum chilappol avyakthavumaaya bhashayil ninnu europian saahithyathil thikachum puthiya onnaayi naadakeeyamaayi maattukayum cheythu. rilkkinte punarujjeevanamaaya kalaparamaaya kaazhchappaad prakadippikkunna "kaarya-kavithakalkk" prashasthamaaya "puthiya kavithakal" aayirunnu phalam. eee varshangalil, paarees kooduthalaayi ezhuthukaarante pradhana vasathiyayi maari.
paarees kaalaghattatthile ettavum pradhanappetta kruthikal "nyoo gediche" ("puthiya kavithakal") (1907), "derr nyoon gediche anderer teal" ("puthiya kavithakalude mattoru bhagam") (1908), rund "rakweem" kavithakal (1909), 1904 ll aarambhich 1910 januvariyil poortthiyaaya "dhii notebukkukal oof malte laurids bridge" enna noval ennivayaayirunnu.
eee dashakathinte avasaanathil, thekkan speyinile prashasthamaaya kaalayudha kendramaaya rondayil rilkk deerghakaalam chelavazhichu, avide 1912 desember muthal 1913 februvari vare reena victoria hotelil oru sthiramaaya murii sookshichu.
duinoy onnaam lokamahaayudhavum (1911-1919).
1911 octoberinum 1912 meyy maasathinum idayil, rilke thurn aandu taxikalile rajakumari maariyude veedaaya tristeykku sameepamulla kaasal dunoyilaan thaamasichathu. avidevechu 1912ll addeham "duno eligies" enna kavithasakritham aarambhichu, athu deerghakaala sargaathmakatha prathisandhi kaaranam oru pathittaand poortthiyaakaathe kidannu. 1908 ll thanne ell grecoyode rilkeck abhimaanam valarthiyeduthirunnathil greekkoyude paintingukal kaanunnathinaayi addeham aii. dii. 1 shaithyakaalath tolado sandarshichu. maalaakhamaare chithreekarikkunna greekkoyude reethi "duno eleegikalile" maalaakhayude sangalppathe swaadheenichathaayi abhipraayappedunnu. onnaam lokamahaayudham pottippurappettath germmaniyil thaamasikkumbol rilke athbhuthappeduthi. paareesilekk madangaan addehathinu kazhinjilla, avide addehathinte swath kandukettukayum lelam cheyyukayum cheythu. yudhathinte bhooribhaagavum addeham myoonikkilaan chelavazhichathu. 1914 muthal 1916 vare chithrakaaranaaya luu albert-lazardumaayi addehathinu prakshubdhamaaya bandhamundaayirunnu. 1916-nte thudakkathil rilke vilichuvaruthukayum viyannayil adisthaana pariseelanam ettedukkendivarikayum cheythu. swaadheenamulla suhruthukkal addehathinaayi madhyasthatha vahichu-addehathe yuddha records offeesilekku maattukayum 1916 juun 9 nuu sainyathil ninnu discharge cheyyukayum cheythu. westfaaliyayile menaril thaamasichathumoolam thadassappetta addeham myoonikkilekk madangi. sainika academyude bheethiyude oormmappeduthalaaya sainika sevanathinte aaghaathakaramaaya anubhavam oru kaviyenna nilayil addehathe eathaandu poornnamaayum nishabdanaakki.
swittsarland musot (1919-1926).
1919 juun 11nuu rilke myoonikkil ninnu swittsarlandilekku yaatra cheythu. 1926ll thante maranavumaayi bandhamundaayirunna poolish-jerman chithrakaaranaaya baladine klosovska addeham kandumutty. soorichil prabhashanam nadathaanulla kshanamaayirunnu bahyamaaya uddeshyam, ennaal yadhaartha kaaranam yudhaananthara araajakathvathil ninnu rakshappedaanum "duno eleejisil" orikkalkkoodi thante jolie ettedukkaanumulla aagrahamaayirunnu. thamasikkaan anuyojyavum thaangaavunnathumaaya oru sthalathinaayulla thirachil valare budhimuttaanennu thelinju. mattu sthalangalkkoppam, soglio, locarno, berg aam irshell ennividangalilum rilke thaamasichirunnu. 1921 madhyathil maathramaan addeham valaayile siyerinu sameepam veeras kammyoonile chaatto dii musotil oru sthira thaamasasthalam kandethaan kazhinjathu. theevramaaya srishtiparamaaya kaalaghattatthil, 1922 februvariyil niravadhi aazhchakalkkullil rilke "duno elijikal" poortthiyaakki. eee kaalayalavinu munbum sheshavum, 55 muzhuvan sonattukalum ulkkollunna "sonattukal muthal oorphiyas vare" enna kavita chakratthinte rund bhaagangalum rilke athivegam ezhuthi. iva randum orumichu, palappozhum rilkkinte kruthiyude uyarnna pooyintukalaayi kanakkaakkappedunnu. 1922 meyy maasathil, rilkkinte rakshaadhikaari verner reinhart musot vaangukayum naveekarikkukayum cheythu, angane rilkkin avide vaadakaykku thamasikkaan kazhiyum.
eee samayat, australian vayalinist alma moodiyaaya thante anuyayiyaaya rilke reinhart parichayappedutthi. avalude kalii kandu valare mathippulavaakkiya rilkk oru kathil ezhuthi "enthoru shabdam, enthoru sambannatha, enthoru nischayadaartyam. athum "oorfiyasinulla sonattukal", avaa ore shabdathinte rund charadukalaayirunnu. aval kooduthalum baachu kalikkunnu! musotinu athinte sangeetha namakaranam labhichu..."
1923 muthal, jineva thadaakatthile montrexinaduthulla pradeshathe oru aarogyakendrathil deerghakaalam thaamasikkendivanna aarogyaprasnangalumaayi rilke kooduthal kashtappettu. 1925 januvarikkum aagastinum idayil paareesil addeham deerghakaalam thaamasichathu sthalathum jeevita saahacharyangalilum vanna maattatthiloode rogathil ninnu rakshappedaanulla sramamaayirunnu. ithokkeyaanengilum, niravadhi pradhana vyakthigatha kavithakal ("gong", "shavakudeeram" ennivayulppede), koodaathe franch bhashayil addehathinte samriddhamaaya ganarachanakal enniva varshangalil prathyakshappettu. addehathinte franch kavithakalude pusthakam "verjezhs" 1926 ll prasidheekarichu.
1924ll svanthamaayi ekadesham 50 kavithakalumayi ezhuthukayum thante kavithaye "herslandshaft" (hridayathinte bhooprakrithi) ennu vilikkukayum cheytha rilkeykku kavithakal ezhuthaan thudangi. rilkeck thante ellah kruthikalilum uthppaadanakshamamaaya kavyasahakaranam undaaya oreyoru samayam ithaayirunnu. 1925 novemberil mitharar rilke sandarshichu. 1950ll rilkkeyumaayulla avarude "kavithayile kathidapaadukal" prasidheekarikkappedukayum valareyadhikam prashamsa nedukayum cheythu.
1917leeii russian viplavatheyum 1919leeii bavarian soviyatt republicineyum rilke pinthunachu. addeham ernst tollarumaayi sauhrudam sthaapikkukayum rossa luxemburg, kurt aisner, kaal libechnecht ennivarude maranathil anushochanam ariyikkukayum cheythu. thaan divasavum vaayikkunna ancho aaroo pathrangalil, edathuvashathullava swantham abhipraayangalodu ettavum aduthuvarunnavayaanennu addeham vishwasichu. idathupakshathe pinthunaykkunnathil addeham prashasthi valarthiyedukkukayum angane, swantham surakshayekkurichulla bhayam moolam, valathupaksha frecorpukalaal bavarian republic thakarkkappettathinusesham raashtreeyathekkurich kooduthal mounam palikkukayum cheythu. 1926 januvariyilum februvariyilum musoliniyude ethiraaliyaaya ooreliya galaratti scotic rilke moonnu kathukal ezhuthi, athil addeham benitoo musolini prashamsikkukayum faasisathe rogashanti ejantaayi visheshippikkukayum cheythu.
maranavum shavasamskaaravum.
maranathinu thottumunbu, rilkkinte asukham raktarbudam aanennu kandethi. vaayil vranangal anubhavappedukayum vayarilum kudalilum vedana anubhavappedukayum kooduthal mandabudhikalumaayi addeham mallidukayum cheythu. 1926 desember 29nuu swittsarlandile walmond aarogyakendrathil vachu addeham doctorude karangalil vachu marichu. 1927 januvari 2nuu vispinu padinjaaru raaron semitheriyil addehathe samskarichu.
rilke eee kavithaye swantham sangrahamaayi thiranjedutthirunnu
<kavita laang = "dii" shaili = "marjin-lephtta 2emm; floata lephtt;"> rooss, ooo rainar vaidezhs proochu, kaamam,
neemandes schlaff suu saine unttar soviyal
liden.</kavita>
<kavithayude shaili = "marjin-lephtta 1emm; floata lephtt;"> rooss, ooo shudhamaaya vairudhyam, aagraham
ithrayum aalukalude thaazhe aarudeyum urakkamaayirikkaruth
adappakal.</kavita>
addehathinte maranatheyum rosapookkaleyum chuttipattiyulla oru kettukatha vikasichu. oru sandarshakane aadarikkunnathinaayi, eejipthile soundaryiyaaya nimett eloi bay, rilke thante poonthottatthil ninnu kurachu rosaappookkal shekharichu. angane cheyyumbol addeham oru mudiyil kaivechu. eee cheria murivu sukhappeduthunnathil parajayappettu, athivegam vashalayi, taamasiyaathe addehathinte kaii muzhuvan veerkkukayum matte kaiykkum parikkelkkukayum cheythu, "angane addeham marichu.
ezhuthukal.
"" "paanthar".
baarukalude chalanam ayaalude nottam maattimarichu
athu inii pidichunilkkaan kazhiyaathavidham thalarnnu.
addehathinu ayiram baarukalund.
aaa baarukalkk pinnil oru lokavumilla.
mriduvaayathum thilakkamullathumaaya padikalil avan sanjarikkunnu.
eppozhum cheria oru roundil,
oru sthalathe chutti sanjarikkunna adhikaarathinte nritham pole
aarude kendratthil oru maricha ichhaashakthi kaanapedunnu.
apoorvvamaayi maathrame kanninte thirasseela kaananakoo.
shabdamillaathe ezhunnelkkuka. appol oru chithram praveshikkunnu,
adanjathum nisshabdavumaaya kaikaalukaliloode kadannupokunnu,
hridayathil praveshichu marikkuka.
"mrgashaalayile oru mrugathinte veekshanakonil ninnu jeevithathe vivarikkunna oru swaadheenamulla kavithayaayirunnu "dhii paanthar", athu manushyarekkaal athinte koodilaanu kooduthal shradha kendreekarichirunnathu, angane cheytha aadyathethilonnu, mrugangaleyum prakrithiyeyum kurichulla naravamsha veekshanangalkkethiraaya aadyakaala ethir prasthaanatthinte bhaagamaayirunnu, jellifish, tick thudangiya jeevikalude kaazhchappaadukalude rachayithavaaya jacob voonn ukskul, addeham bandhapetta oru manushyan, kavi hugo voonn hofmanstaal thudangiya vyakthikalum bhaashayulla oru manushyante veekshanakonil ninnu vaayil 'cheenja koonn' pole maari.
"manikkoorukalude pusthakam". "
1905 eprilil insel verlag prasidheekaricha rilkkinte moonnu samboornna kavithaasampradaayangal irupathaam noottaandinte aadya varshangalil ukreynilekkulla yaathrakalil vishudha fraansisil ninnulla pratheekathmakathayum yaadhaasthithika kristhumathathekkurichu rilkkinte nireekshanavum upayogichu daivathinaayulla kristheeya thirachilum praarthanayude swabhaavavum paryavekshanam cheiyunnu.
"malte laurids brigginte notebukkukal".
1910ll paareesil thaamasichu eee kruthi poortthiyaakkiya rilke thante eaka noval "" ("malte laurids brigginte notebukkukal" ennu vivarthanam cheyyappettu) ezhuthi. kaavyathmaka bhasha niranja oru shabdamundaakkunna novalettinte roopamaanu eee aakhyaanathil ulkkollunnath. mattu karyangalkkoppam, dhoorthumakante kathayude punarvivaranam, asukham moolam maranathekkurichulla sradheyamaaya vivaranam, kuttikkaalathu swathanthramaayi chuttikkarangunnathinte santhoshangalkkulla oru oodu, aalukal mattullavarumayi vyaajamukhangal dharikkunnathenganeyennu oru bhayappeduthunna vivaranam, ayalkkaarude vichitrathayekkurichulla oru vichitramaaya abhiprayam enniva ithil adangiyirikkunnu.
irupathaam noottaandinte thudakkathil europian fictionilum kalayilum praveshicha aavishkaaravaadavumaayi bandhapetta sailiyum saankethikathayum eee ardha-aathmakathaaparamaaya noval sweekarikkunnu. sigbjon obstafeldarude "eiii preesttinte dayari", jenz peettar jacobsente "neels line" (1880) ennee kruthikalil ninnu prachodanam ulkkonda addeham oru nishkarunam lokathulla oru nireeshwaravaadiyude vidhi kandethunnu. vyakthithvathinaayulla anweshanavum maranatthinte praadhaanyavum aazhathil anweshikkukayum maranam adukkumbol kaalatthinte anubhavathe prathifalippikkukayum cheiyunna, nilanilppinulla vishayangale rilke abhisambodhana cheiyunnu. luu andreus-salomiloode neesheyude rachanakal addeham ganyamaayi manassilakki. sessan roadineyum (1905-1906 ll rilke sekrattariyaayirunna) swaadheenicha impressionistic saankethikavidyakalum addehathinte kruthikalil ulppedunnu. vardhichuvarunna shaasthreeyavum vyaavasaayikavum punarnirmithavumaaya lokathinte pashchaathalatthil manushyaraashiyude uthkandayudeyum anyavalkkaranathinteyum chithrangal roopappeduthunnathinu addeham eee saankethikavidyakalum rooparekhakalum samyojippikkunnu.
"duno legis".
1912ll adriatic kadalile tristeykku sameepamulla duno kottayil merii voonn thurn andu taxikal (1855-1934) raajakumaariyude athidhiyaayirikke rilke eee aadambarangal ezhuthaan thudangi. eee patthu varshathe kaalayalavil, rilkk palappozhum kadutha vishaadam anubhavichathinaal eee charuthakal deerghakaalathekku apoornnamaayi kidannu, avayil chilath onnaam lokamahaayudhathinte sambhavangalum nirbandhitha sainika sevanavum moolamaanu undaayath. 1913leyum 1915leyum hrasvamaaya rachanakal ozhike, yuddham avasaanichu kurachu varshangal vare rilke joliyilekku madangiyethiyilla. pettennullathum puthiyathumaaya prachodanathode-"oru krooramaaya srishtiparamaaya kodunkaattu" ennu addeham visheshippicha oru bhranthamaaya vegathayil ezhuthunnathu-1922 februvariyil swittsarlandile roonn thaazhvarayile veeraasile chaatto dii musotil thaamasikkumbol addeham shekharam poortthiyaakki. avarude prasidheekaranathinum athinusesham taamasiyaathe addehathinte maranathinum sesham, "duno eleejikal" vimarshakarum pandithanmaarum rilkkinte ettavum pradhanappetta kruthiyaayi vegathil amgeekarichu.
soundaryatheyum asthithvaparamaaya kashtappaadukaleyum thookkikkollunna theevramaaya mathaparavum nigoodavumaaya kavithakalaanu "duno eleejikal". eee kavithakal maalaakhamaarudeyum rakshayudeyum sambannamaaya pratheekathmakatha upayogikkunnu, pakshe saadhaarana kristheeya vyaakhyaanangalkk anusrithamaayittalla. daarshanika niraashayude aahvaanathil rilkk aadyathe ganarachana aarambikkunnu, ingane chodikkunnu "njaan nilavilichaal, maalaakhamaarude shrenikalil aaraan enne kelkkuka?"(" enthaa, enthaa, enthaa, enthaa, enthaa?") pinneedu" "oro maalaakhayum bhayappeduthunnavaraanu" "(" "jedder engel isth shrecklich" ") ennu prakhyaapikkunnu". eee kavithakale "charuthakal" ennu label cheiyunnathu saadhaaranayaayi vishaadatheyum vilaapatheyum soochippikkumbol, pala bhaagangalum avayude positteev oorjjavum "aniyanthrithamaaya aveshavum" adayaalappeduthunnu. orumichu, "duno eleejikal" rilkkinte "oondolajikkal peedanam" ennathinte roopaantharamaayum "manushya asthithvavumaayi poruthappedunnathinnekkur vikarabharithamaaya eakaalaapamaayum" "manushya avasthayudeyum takarnna manushyabodhathinteyum parimithikalum aparyapthathayum" charcha cheiyunna vishayangalaayum vivarikkappedunnu... manushyante eakaanthatha, maalaakhamaarude poornatha, jeevithavum maranavum, snehavum snehavum, kaviyude chumatala ".
"oorfiyasinte sonattukal".
makalude suhruthaaya vera noppinte (1900-1919) maranavaarthayode, "oorfiyasinulla sonattukal" srishtikkaanum pravartthikkaanum rilke prachodithanaayi. 1922ll februvari 2num 5num idayil addeham 26 sonattukalude aadya vibhaagam poortthiyaakki. adutha kurachu divasathekku addeham "duno elisikal" yill shradha kendreekarichu februvari 11 nuu vaikunneram avaa poortthiyaakki. thottupinnaale, addeham "sonattukalude" joliyilekku madangukayum 29 sonattukalude adutha bhagam randaazhchaykkullil poortthiyaakkukayum cheythu. sonattukaliludaneelam", oru "narthakiyeyum" puraana euridisineyum soochippikkunnathil peru vazhiyum parokshamaayum veraye pathivayi paraamarsikkunnu. eee chakram muzhuvan verayil ninnu prachodanam ulkkondathaanennu rilke avakaashappettengilum, oru kavithayil maathramaan avar oru kathaapaathramaayi prathyakshappedunnathu. ennirunnaalum, "verayude swantham roopam" ennu addeham urappichu paranju... ennirunnaalum, mothatthilulla gathi niyanthrikkukayum neekkukayum cheiyunnu."
sonattukalude ulladakkangal, rilkkinte savisheshatha pole, valare roopakamaanu. daffney polulla mattu puraana kathaapaathrangaleppole oorfiyasinte (rilke "veenayodukoodiya daivam" ennu vilikkunna) kathaapaathram eee chakratthil niravadhi thavana prathyakshappedunnu. isaavuvinekkurichulla oru paramarsham ulppede baibil paraamarshangalum undu. mrugangal, vyathyastha samskaarangalile aalukal, kaalavum maranavum ennivayaanu mattu vishayangal.
"oru yuva kaviykk ezhuthiya kathukal". "
1929-ll france saavar capus (1883-1966) enna oru cheria ezhuthukaaran, capus 19 vayassulla oru officer kedatt aayirikkumbol weiner nyoostaadtile therasian milittari academyil padikkumbol rilkk addehathinu ezhuthiya patthu kathukalude oru shekharam prasidheekarichu. rilk eee academyil pankedutthirunnu. 1902num 1908num idayil oru sainika udyogasthanenna nilayilo kaviyenna nilayilo thante bhaviyekkurichu anishchithathvathilaayirunnathu yuva kaappukkal rilke ezhuthiyirunnu. thudakkathil addeham thante kavithayude gunanilavaarathekkurichum ezhuthu oru kariyaraayi thudaranamo vendayo ennathinekkurichum rilkkeyude upadesham thedi. kaappuvinte rachanakalekkurichu prathikarikkaan addeham visammathichappol, oru kavi thanikk chuttumulla lokathe manasilakkaanum anubhavikkanum kalayude lokavumaayi edapazhakaanum shramikkumbol engane anubhavappedanamennum snehikkanamennum sathyam thedanamennum rilke kaappasine upadeshichu. daas stundan-buch" ("manikkoorukalude pusthakam"), "daas buch derr builder" ("chithrangalude pusthakam") ennivayude bhagangal prasidheekarichukondu oru kavi enna nilayil addehathinte prashasthi sthaapikkaan thudangiyathinu sesham rilkkinte aadyakaala kalaparamaaya vikasanathinte oru pradhana kaalaghattatthilaanu eee kathukal ezhuthappettathu.
sailiyum prameyangalum.
avishwaasavum vishwaasathinte prathisandhiyum prakadippikkunnathinaayi rilke thante kavithakalilum gadyathilum roopakangal, mettonimi, vairudhyangal ennivayil vipulamaayi earppettu. apollo, hermus, oorphiyas thudangiya greak puranangalil ninnulla roopangal addehathinte kavithakalil roopangalaayi aavarthikkukayum addehathinte anubhavangalude saadrushyamaayi palappozhum erattiyaakunna yadhaartha vyaakhyaanangalil chithreekarikkappedukayum cheiyunnu. dino elegiesil" "bhayanakam" ("") ennu visheshippikkappedunna maalaakhamaarude roopangalum rilkkeyude kavithakalil ulppedunnu; 1898-ll "" darshanangal oof kraist "" enna thante apoorvva kavithayil merimagdaline yeshuvinte kunjinte ammayayi chithreekarichathulppede thante catholica vishwaasathinte prathisandhiyekkurichum addeham idaykkide paryavekshanam nadathiyittundu ".
paarambaryamaayi.
amerikkayil ettavumadhikam vittazhikkappedunna kavikaliloralaanu rilke. janapriya samskaarathil, television shokal, chalachithrangal, samgeetham, mattu kruthikal ennivayil eee kruthikal snehathinteyo maalakhamaarudeyo vishayam charcha cheyyumbol rilke pathivayi udharikkukayo paraamarshikkukayo cheiyunnu. addehathinte kruthikale palappozhum "nigoodatha" ennu visheshippikkukayum svayam sahaaya ezhuthukaar udharikkukayum paraamarsikkukayum cheythittundu. kooduthal poornnavum uthkandayillaathathumaaya jeevithathilekku namme nayikkaan kazhiyunna oru guruvaayi" rilke punarvyaakhyaanichittund.
vilyam echu ulppede niravadhi kavikaleyum ezhuthukaareyum rilkkeyude kruthikal swaadheenichittundu. gyaas, galway kinnell, sidney keys, steefan spender, roobert bly, dablyu. ezz. mervin, joonn ashberry, novelist thomas pinchan, thathwachinthakanaaya hans-jorg gadamar. britiish kavi dablyu. echu. rilkkinte ettavum swaadheenamulla engleesh sishyan" ennaanu oodene visheshippichirikkunna, addeham idaykkide "addehathinu adaranjali arpikkukayo" allengil thante kruthiyil maalaakhamaarude prathichaaya upayogikkukayo cheythu.
yuu.ezz. roock music baandaaya rainer mariyaykk rilkkeyude peraanu nalkiyirikkunnath.
jolie cheiyunnu.
kathukal.
shekharicha kathukal
aksharangalude mattu vaalyangal
paraamarshangal.
srothassukal

