david thompson (paryavekshakan)

david thompson (30 epril 1770-10 februvari 1857) oru velsh canadian roma vyaapaari, surveyor, cartographer, chila thaddesheeyarkku "kuu-kuu-sint" allengil "staargesar" ennariyappettirunnu. thompsante kariyaril addeham vadakke amerikkayiludaneelam sanjarichu, vadakke amerikkayude mapping nadatthi. eee charitraparamaaya nettatthinu, thompsone "lokam srishticha ettavum valia praayogika bhoomishaasthranjan" ennu visheshippichittundu.
aadyakaala jeevitam.
aduthide velsh kudiyettakkaaraaya david, aan thompson ennivarude makalaayi middlesexile westminstarilaanu david thompson janichathu. thompsonin rund vayassullappol pithaav marichu. vibhavangalillaatha ammayodulla saambathika budhimuttu kaaranam, tompson, 1777 epril 29, addehathinte ezhaam janmadinathinte thaledivasam, addehathinte mootha sahodarane westminstarile pinnakkam nilkkunnavarkkulla gray kottu aashupathriyilaanu paarppichathu. navigation survey padippikkunnathil prashasthamaaya gray kottu maathamaattikkal schoolilekku thompson birudam nedi. trikonamithiyudeyum jyaamithiyudeyum ganitham, nottikkal upakaranangalude upayogam ulppedeyulla praayogika naavigeshan, akshaamshangalum rekhaamshangalum kandethuka, suuryan, chandran, veliyettangal enniva nireekshikkunnathil ninnu naavigeshanal kanakkukoottalukal nadatthuka, bhoopadangaludeyum charttukaludeyum varaykkal, bhoomi alavukal edukkuka, bhooprakrithikal varaykkuka enniva ulppede rajakeeya naavikasenaykku addeham vidyaabhyaasam nalki. pinneedu addeham thante currier roopappeduthunnathinaayi iva kettippadukki. 1784-ll, 14-aamm vayassil, gray kottu treasurer hudsente bay kambanikku anchu poundu nalki, athil thompson oru clerkaayi pariseelanam nedunnathinaayi ezhu varshathekku kambaniyude karar jeevanakkaranaayi.<riff namam = "thompson/morau pii.xxiii "> thompson/morau p. aaa varsham meyy meyy addeham kappal yaatra aarambikkukayum englandil ninnu vadakke amerikkayilekku pookukayum cheythu.
hudsons bay kambani (echbisi).
1784 septambar 2 nuu thompson charchilil (ippol manittobayil) ethi, fort charchilinte govarnor saamuval harneyude vyakthigatha rekhakal pakarthi oru clark/sekrattariyaayi jolie cheythu. adutha varsham addehathe aduthulla york factoryilekku maatti, 1787-ll maanchastar hausil athunnathinumumbu adutha kurachu varshangalil comberland house, suscatsheven, southu branch house ennividangalil sekrattariyaayi samayam chelavazhichu. aaa varshangalil akkoundukalum mattu rekhakalum sookshikkaanum romangalude moolyangal kanakkakkaanum padichu (oru sekrattariyude jolie moshamaayi nalkaathappol polum akkaalat addehathinu niravadhi vilayeriya beaver pelttukalum undayirunnathaayi sradhikkappettu), track supplies mattu chumathalakalum.
1788 desember desember thompsonin kaalinte kaalinu gurutharamaayi pottalundaayi, adutha rund shaithyakaalam cumberland hausil sukhappedaan addehathe nirbandhithanaakki. eee samayathaan addeham hudsente bay kambani surveyor philipp tenarude samrakshanathil thante ganitha, jyotishaasthra, sarway kazhivukal valareyadhikam parishkarikkukayum vipuleekarikkukayum cheythath. eee samayathaan addehathinu valathu kanninte kazhcha nashtappettathu.
1790-ll, thante apprenteeshipp avasaanikkunnathode, kambani avarude karar poorthiyaakkunnavarkku nalkunna mikacha vasthrangalude saadhaarana verpiriyal sammaanathin pakaram oru koottam sarway upakaranangal thompson abhyarthichu. avan randum sweekarichu. addeham hudson bay kambaniyude oru roma vyaapaariyaayi joliyil praveshichu. 1792-ll addeham thante aadyathe supradhana sarway poortthiyaakki, athabaaska thadaakathilekkulla (innathe alberta/suscatsheven athirthi sthithicheyyunna) oru root mapp cheythu. 1793 februveric meyy maasathinum idayil, chandradooram upayogichu comberland housinte rekhaamshathekkurichu thompson 34 nireekshanangal nadatthi. eee nireekshanangalude sharashari 102°12′w aayirunnu, aadhunika moolyathinte ekadesham 2 'kizhakk. 34 nireekshanangalude sharashari pishak rekhaamshathinte ekadesham 15 'aayirunnu. thompson upayogicha sekstaantinte krithyatha 15 inch arck aanennum ithu 7.5 inch rekhaamshathin anusrithamaanennum brottan (2009) abhipraayappedunnu, ithu oru vyakthigatha nireekshanatthinte krithyathaykku oru samboornna paridhi nalkunnu. thompsante sharaashariyile pishak ithinekkaal palamadangu kuravaayirunnu. oronnum ekadesham 3 manikkoor kanakkukoottal, eee nireekshanangal addeham ettedutha samayam, sharaashariyude shakti addeham manassilakkiyathaayi soochippikkunnu.
mapp nirmmaanatthilum sarway nadathunnathilum addehathinte kazhivukalkk amgeekaaramaayi, kambani 1794-ll thompsone surveyaraayi sthaanakkayattam nalki. 1797 meyy 23 vare addeham hudson bay kambaniyil jolie thudarnnu, sarway nirthaanum romakkachavadathil shradha kendreekarikkaanumulla utharavil niraasanaaya addeham pinmari. north vestt kambaniyaaya malsarathinte joliyil praveshikkunnathinaayi addeham manjil nadannu. avide addeham oru roma vyaapaariyaayum surveyaraayum thudarnnu.
north vestt kambani.
1797ll north vestt kambaniyilekku (enn. dablyu. sii) pathiv oru varshathe notice nalkaathe koorumaranulla thompsante theerumaanathinu addehathinte muun thozhiludamakal anukoolamaaya sveekaaryatha nalkiyilla. ennaal kaanadayayi maarunnathinte ulvasham sarway cheiyunnathinum mapp cheiyunnathinumulla thompsante pravartthanatthe north vestt kambani kooduthal pinthunachu, kaaranam avarude vaasasthalangalude krithyamaaya sthalangalum parasparam akalavum ariyuka ennathu kambaniyude thaalpparyathe adisthaanamaakkiyaayirunnu avar vidhichathu. 1797-ll, american viplava yudhathinu sesham grettu brittan america thammilulla jayy udambadiyil ninnu uyarnnuvarunna pradeshathekkurichulla pariharikkappedaatha chodyangal pariharikkunnathinayi canada-us athirthiyude oru bhagam sarway cheyyaan tomsone addehathinte thozhiludamakal thekkott ayachu.
1798 aayappozhekkum tomson winnipeg thadaakam vazhi valia thuramukham muthal asiniboin, mississippi nadikalude uthbhavasthaanangal vareyum superior thadaakatthinte iruvashangalilekkum oru sarway poortthiyaakki. 1798-ll kambani addehathe oru vyapara kendram sthaapikkunnathinaayi chuvanna maan thadaakathilekku (innathe alberta laaku laa biche) ayachu. (laaku laa biche redu deer lekkinte engleesh vivarthanam, 1793 leeii mckenzie bhoopadatthil aadyamaayi rekhappeduthappettu.) thompson adutha kurachu seasonukal fort jorjju (ippol alberta) aasthaanamaakki vyapaaram nadatthi, eee samayat paarakkettukalilekkulla niravadhi paryaveshanangalkk neethrthwam nalki.
1804 juulai juulai kaaministikkeeyil nadanna north vestt kambaniyude vaarshika yogathil thompsone kambaniyude poornna pankaliyakki. montriyalinekkaal feeld aasthaanamaayulla oru 'wintering paartnar' aaya addeham, 92 enn. dablyu. siyude rund oharikalkku 4,000 poundil kooduthal vilamathikkunnu. adutha kurachu seasonukal addeham avide vachu romakkachavada pravartthanangal kaikaaryam cheythu, pakshe thadaakathinu chuttumulla jalapaathakalekkurichulla sarvekal vipuleekarikkaan samayam kandethunnu. sanjarikkunnu kambani yogathil thompsone veendum akathekku ayaykkaan udyogasthar theerumaanichu. american pinthunayulla levis, clark paryaveshanathekkurichulla aashanka, pasafikkinte vadakkupadinjaaran labhakaramaaya vyapara pradeshangal thurakkunnathinaayi pasafikkilekkulla oru vazhi kandethanulla chumatala thompsone ealppikkaan north vestt kambaniye prerippichu.
columbia nadhi sanjarikkunnu.
sanjarikkunnu pothuyogathinushesham, thompson paarakkettukalulla parvathabhavanathilekku yaatra cheyyukayum columbia nadiye pinthudarnnu pasafikkilekkulla oru paryaveshanathinu thayyaaredukkukayum cheythu. 1807 juunil thompson parakkettukal kadannu venalkkaalam columbia thadatthil sarway nadatthi; adutha kurachu seasonukalil addeham eee pradeshathu sarway thudarnnu. vadakkupadinjaaran mondaana, idaho, washington, padinjaaran canada ennividangalil thompson vyapara kendrangal mapp cheyyukayum sthaapikkukayum cheythu. addeham sthaapicha vyapara kendrangalil koottene house, kullispel house, saleesh house enniva ulppedunnu; randaamathethu yathaakramam idahoyileyum mondaanayileyum rokkikalkku padinjaaru aadyathe vyapara kendrangalaayirunnu. thompson sthaapicha eee posttukal vadakkupadinjaaran kambaniyude roma vyapara pradesham columbia nadeethada drainage eriyayilekku vyapippichu. cascade parvathangalkk kizhakkulla columbia nadeethadatthil addeham nirmmicha bhoopadangal uyarnna nilavaaramullathum vishadavumaayathinaal avaa irupathaam noottaand vare upayogapradamaayi thudarnnu.
1810-nte thudakkathil, thompson kizhakode montriyalilekku madangukayaayirunnu, pakshe mazhayulla thadaakathil yaatra cheyyumbol, paarakkettukalulla parvathangalilekku madangaanum kolambiyayude mukhathekku oru paatha sthaapikkaanum utharavukal labhichu. pasaphik theerathu pasaphik pharr kambaniyude oru roma vyapara poost sthaapikkunnathinaayi americaykku chuttum oru kappal ayaykkanulla american joonn jacob aasttarinte padhathikalodu north vestt kambani prathikarikkukayaayirunnu. madangiyethumbol, thompsone house churatthil oru samghamperchayulla peegan swadeshikal vaikippichu. aathyanthikamayi paarakkettukaliloode oru puthiya paatha thedaan addeham nirbandhithanaakukayum athabaaska churatthiloode orennam kandethukayum cheythu.
columbia nadiyude muzhuvan neelavum sanjaricha aadyathe yooropyanaayirunnu david thompson. kettil vellachattathinum (juulai 3,1811) columbia, paambu nadikalude samgamasthaanathinum (juulai 9) idayil addeham europpukaar orikkalum sandarshichittillaatha raajyathiloode sanjarikkukayum dhaaraalam pukayilayude sahaayathode nalla bandham sthaapikkaan vazhiyorathe gramangal sandarshikkaan samayamedukkukayum cheythu. 1805ll levis clark paambu nadiyil ninnu erangukayum thudarnnu kolambiyayilekku thudarukayum cheythu. junctionil athiyappol thompson oru thoonum grettu brittan raajyamaanenn avakaashappedunna oru notice sthaapikkukayum aaa sthalathu oru vyapara poost nirmmikkanulla north vestt kambaniyude uddeshyam prasthavikkukayum cheythu. fort okanoganil kooduthal vadakkan saitt thiranjedukkunnathinu sambhavana nalkikkond oru ulnaadan roma poost sthaapikkaan aagrahikkunna aasttar kambani thozhilaallikal aaa varshavasaanam eee notice kandethi. vadakku padinjaaran kambani varshangalkk sesham paambu nadiyude samgamasthaanathinu sameepam fort ness perses sthaapichu. kolambiyayil thudarnnukondu, thompson selilo vellachaattathin mukaliloode kadannupoyi, paarakalile kanoo ekadesham nashtappedukayum, dallukaludeyum cascadeukaludeyum druthagathiyilulla vellachaattangalkk chuttum sanjarikkukayum cheythu. 1811 juulai 14 nuu, pomson kolambiyayude mukhathu bhaagikamaayi nirmmicha kotta aastoriyayilethi, pasaphik pharr kambaniyude kappalaya "tonkwin" rund maasathinu sesham ethi.
nadiyilum parvathangalkkappurathum madangunnathinumumbu, pasaphik pharr kambaniyude kappalaya "tonkwin" fort aastoriyayilekku konduvanna oru thaddesheeya havaian tackain thozhilaalliyaaya naukkaane tompson niyamichu. cox tuu thompson ennariyappedunna naukkane englandilekku yaatra cheiyunnathinu munbu thompsone bhookhandathiludaneelam lake superiorilekku anugamichu.
1812-ll north vestt kambani aasthaanamaayulla montriyalilekkulla avasana yaatra aarambhikkunnathin munbu thompson sallesh hausil sheethakaalam chelavazhichu.
thante prasidheekaricha jenalukalil, 1811-ll tomson, ippol alberta jasperinu sameepam valia kaalppaadukal (pathinaalu inch neelavum ettu inch veethiyum) kandathayi rekhappeduthiyittundu. eee printukal pinneedu saskwatch ennu vilikkappedunnathinu samaanamaanenn abhipraayappedunnu. ennirunnaalum, eee trackukal "oro [kaalviralinteyum] attathu oru cheria aani" kaanikkunnuvenn thompson abhiprayappettu, ithu oru karadiyaanennu anischithamaayi theerumaanikkaan addehathe prerippichu, "njaan ithu oru valia pazhaya grissel karadiyude trackayi karuthi; ennittum nakhangalude hraswata, kaalinte panthu, athinte valia valippam enniva karadiyude valippamayirunnilla".
rokkikaliludaneelamulla vaanijya paathakalude vikasanavum avaa kadannupokunna bhoomiyude mapping kaaranam, addehathinte kariyarile ettavum shradhaapoorvvam sookshumaparishodhana cheyyappetta varshangalum addehathinte ettavum nilanilkkunna charitra paarambaryavumaanu aii. dii. 1.
roopavum vyakthithvavum.
1820-ll engleesh geologist joonn jeramiah bigsby, mahanaaya aal nalkia oru athaazhavirunnil pankedutthu. vilyam mcgillivray thante veettilulla chaatto sent. montriyalinte golden square mylile aadyakaala estettukalilonnaaya aantoyin. david thompsanekkurichu mikacha vivaranam nalkikkond addeham thante vinoda pusthakamaaya "dhaa shhoo aandu kanoi" ll party athidhikalil chilareyum vivarikkunnu
vivaahavum kuttikalum.
1799 juun 10 nuu Île-a-La-Cross-ll, thompson scotish roma vyaapaari patrick smollinteyum kree ammayudeyum pathimoonnukaariyaaya mettis makalaaya charlot smolline vivaham kazhichu. pathimoonnu varshathinu sesham 1812 october 30 nuu montriyalile scoach presbytarian palliyil avarude vivaham aupachaarikamaayi. adhehathinum charlottinum orumichu 13 kuttikalundaayirunnu; avaril anchu perr romakkachavadam upekshikkunnathinu munbu janichavaraanu. kizhakkan kaanadayile jeevithavumaayi kudumbam eluppathil poruthappettilla; addeham yaatra cheyyumbol avar montriyalilaanu thaamasichirunnathu. kuttikalil rund, joonn (5 vayass), emma (7 vayass) ennivar oru saadhaarana parannabhojiyaaya raundu vemukal moolam marichu. thompsante maranasamayathu, dambathikalkku 57 varshatholam vivaahitharaayirunnu, canada pree-konfedareshanil ariyappedunna ettavum dairkhyameriya vivahamaayirunnu ithu.
pinneedulla jeevitam.
montriyalil thirichethiya sesham thompson north vestt kambaniyil ninnu udaaramaaya pensionumaayi viramichu. addeham aduthulla terrabonil sthirathaamasamaakkukayum vadakke amerikkayude ulpradeshangal paryavekshanam cheyyukayum sarway cheyyukayum cheytha thante jeevithakaalathinte sangrahamaaya thante mikacha bhoopadam poortthiyaakkaan pravartthikkukayum cheythu. eee bhoopadam pasaphik thadaakam muthal superior vare vyaapichukidakkunna vishalamaaya pradeshathe ulkkollunnu, thompson north vestt kambanikku nalki. thompsante 1814 leeii bhoopadam, addehathinte ettavum valia nettam, valare krithyamaayirunnu, 100 varshangalkk sheshavum canaden sarkkar purappeduvicha pala bhoopadangalkkum ithu adisthaanamaayirunnu. ithu ippol ontaariyoyile aarkkaivukalil undu.
1815-ll thompson thante kudumbatthe upper kaanadayile vilyamstaunilekku maatti, kurachu varshangalkk sesham 1812-leeii yudhathinu sesham ghent udambadi prakaram sthaapithamaaya thadaakam muthal kizhakkan tounshippu oof cubec vare americayumaayi puthuthayi sthaapithamaaya athirthikal sarway cheyyaan jolicheythu. 1843-ll thompson hudson ulkkadalil ninnu pasaphik samudram vare eee pradeshathe thante atlas poortthiyaakki.
pinneedu, thompson oru bhoovudamayaayi jeevithathilekku madangiyethiyenkilum taamasiyaathe saambathika daurbhaagyam addehathe nashippichu. 1831 aayappozhekkum addeham kadakkeniyilayathinaal thante kudumbatthe paripalikkunnathinaayi britiish american land kambaniyude surveyor sthaanam ettedukkaan addeham nirbandhithanaayi. addehathinte bhagyam vashalaakukayum 1845-ll makalkkum marumakanumoppam thamasam maarukayum cheythu. bhookhandam paryavekshanam cheiyunna thante jeevithathe vivarikkunna oru kayyezhuthuprathiyude punny addeham aarambhichu, ennaal 1851-ll addehathinte kaazhchashakthi poornnamaayum paraajayappettappol eee padhathi poortthiyaakaathe pooyi.
maranavum athinusheshavum.
thompson mapp cheytha bhoopradesam marubhoomiyude (bhookhandathinte anchil onnu) alavaanu. rund varshathinullil saadhyamaakumenn thaan karuthiyathinekkaal kooduthal karyangal patthu maasathinullil tomson cheythuvennu addehathinte samakalikanaaya mahanaaya paryavekshakanaaya alexander mccansey abhiprayappettu.
eee supradhana nettangal undaayirunnittum, 1857 februvari 10 nuu tomson montriyalil anjjaathaavasthayil vachu marichu, addehathinte nettangal eathaandu amgeekarikkappedaathe pooyi. marikkunnathin munbu thante 77 feeld nottbukkukale adisthaanamaakki 28 varshathe romakkachavadathinte pusthakam addeham poorthiyaakkiyittilla. poorthiyaakkiyittilla geologist jeey.bii. tiral thompsante kurippukal punarujeevippikkukayum 1916-ll champlane sosaittiyude pothu parambarayude bhaagamaayi "david thompsante vivaranam" ennu avaa prasidheekarikkukayum cheythu. thompsante jeevithatheyum kruthikaleyum kurichulla kooduthal pathippukalum punarpareekshakalum 1962ll richard glover 1971ll victor hopewood 2015ll vilyam moroy prasidheekarichu.
thompsante mrithadeham montriyalinte moundu royal semitheriyil adayaalappeduthaatha oru shavakudeerathil samskarichu. 1926 vare jeey. yude sramangal nadannilla.bii. tyralum canadian charitra samoohavum addehathinte shavakudeeram adayaalappeduthunnathinayi oru shavakudeeram sthaapikkaan kaaranamaayi. adutha varsham, federal gavanment thompsone oru deseeya charitra vyakthiyayi thiranjedutthu, atharam aadyakaala padavikalil onnaanith. aaa padavi prathifalippikkunna oru federal phalakam alberta jasper desheeyodyaanathilaanu sthithi cheiyunnathu. athesamayam, thompsante nettangalaanu mattu deseeya charitraparamaaya padavikalkku pradhana kaaranangal
1957ll, addehathinte maranathinu nooru varshangalkk sesham, kaanadayile poost oafees vakupp oru tapal staambil addehathinte chithram nalki addehathe aadarichu. alberta lesleevilleykku sameepam haiveyude vashath sthithi cheiyunna david thompson hyschoolinoppam alberta david thompson highwake addehathinte bahumaanaartham peru nalki. rund david thompson secondary schoolukalum undu, onnu bisi vaankoovarilum onnu bisi invermiyarilum.
oru bhoomishaasthranjanenna nilayil addehathinte vaidagdhyam ippol nannayi amgeekarikkappettirikkunnu. lokam srishticha ettavum valia bhooprakrithishaasthranjan" ennaanu addehathe visheshippikkunnathu."
vadakkan dakottayile calsrooheik ekadesham vadakkum padinjaarum sthithi cheiyunna vadakku dakottayile prethanagaramaaya verendriyude muun taunn saittin sameepam david thompsonin (vadakkan dakota samsthaanam paripaalikkunna) samarppichirikkunna oru smaarakamund. thompson vellachaattam, mondaana, britiish kolambiyayile thompson nadhi, bleberry nadiyile thompson vellachaattam ennivayum paryavekshakante perilaanu ariyappedunnathu.
2007ll thompson marichu 150-aamm varshavum paarakkettukaliloode aadyamaayi kadannu 200-aamm varshikavum aakhoshichu. 2007 muthal 2011 vare canadayilum amerikkayilum udaneelam addehathinte nettangalude aakhoshamaayi smaaraka paripaadikalum pradarshanangalum aasoothranam cheythirunnu.
2007ll, engleesh ezhuthukaaranum television avatharakanumaaya reey mears kuttikkaalathu pankeduttha westminstar david thompson enna pinnakkam nilkkunna schoolil gray kottu hospitalile oru chumaril oru smaaraka phalakam sthaapichu.
1964ll kaanadayude deseeya chalachithra board puratthirakkiya hraswachithramaaya "david thompson dhii grettu mapp maker", 2009 novemberil sampreshanam cheytha "reey mears northen wilderness" (episode 5) ennee ennee paripaadikalude vishayamaayirunnu thompson. thompson ksps-tivi chalachithramaaya "uncharted territoria david thompson oonn dhii columbia pletto" enna vishayavum addehamaayirunnu.
1981-leeii naadodi gaanamaya "north vestt paasesil" staan rogezhs addehathe paraamarsikkunnu.
naashanal paarkk sarvees, parks canada, 2018 ll thangalude puthiya gaveshana kappalin peru nalkiyathaayi prakhyaapichu, ithu kadaltheera mapping ulppedeyulla underwater archaeologic pasaphik, atlaantik, artic samudrangalile maraine sayansinum upayogikkum. echms "erbus", echms "terror" deseeya charitra saittukalude avashishtangalekkurichula gaveshanathinulla pradhana vediyaayirikkum ithu.
fort vilyam historikkal paarkkile david thompson jyotishaasthra nireekshanaalayathinu david thompsoninteyum addehathinte kandethalukaludeyum smaranaykkaayi peru nalki.

