lombokkilum karangasemilum dutch edapedal

lombokkilum karangasemilum dutch edapedal nadannathu nadannathu, ithu baaliyilum parisaratthum nadanna dutch edapedalukalude bhagamaanu, ithu irupathaam noottaandinte thudakkathil baliyudeyum lombokkinteyum samboornna kolanivalkkaranathilekku nayichu.
prarambha sakhyam.
pathinaram noottaandil islam sweekaricha sasaakkukal adhivasichirunna lombok dweep. karangasem saamraajyathil ninnulla chila balinese grouppukal lombok dveepinte padinjaaran bhaagath bharichirunnu, avaril oralaaya matharam group bakkiyulla balinese grouppukale keezhadakkunnathil vijayichu, 1839 ll dveepinte mothavum. athil ninnu lombokkil sambannamaaya balinese rajasabha samskaaram vikasichu.
jii vazhi engleeshumaayi bandhappeduka.pii. 1843ll maatharamumaayi oru udambadi oppittu dachukaar engleesh swaadheenam nirtthiyathode rajaavu vikasippicha videsha vyapara thalpparyangal vikasippichu. baaliyile (1849) dutch edapedalinide matharam dachukaarude sakhyakakshiyaayirunnu, koodaathe karangaseminte mail aadhipathyam nalki aadarikkappettu.
sasak kalapam.
1891ll kizhakkan lombokkile musleem sasac lombokkile balinese bharanadhikaariyaaya anak agung gede engurah karangaseminethire kalapam nadathiyappol prashnam pottipurappettu. matharam bharanadhikaari ithinakam thanne attimaricha 1855,1871 varshangalile kalaapangalethudarnnu baaliyude paramonnatha bharanaadhikaariyaakanulla shramathil baaliyile klunkung raajyathin nere akramanam nadatthaan addeham sasaakkukalil ninnu aayirakkanakkin sainikarodu abhyarthichappol kalapam pottipurappettu.
1891 august august, bharanaadhikaariyude makan anak agung kethuth karangasemine 8,000 sainikarumaayi selaaparangile lombok raajyathile kalapakaarikalaaya priyaykkethire ayachu. septambar november, bharanaadhikaariyude mattoru makanaaya anak agunginte neethrthwathil 3,000 sainikare koodi ayachu. rajakeeya sainyam prashnathilaanennu thonniyappol, kalapam adichamarthaan 1200 unnatha sainikare ayaykkaan bharanadhikaari karangasemile saamanta bharanadhikaariyaaya anak agung gede jelaantikkinte sahayam thedi. 1891 muthal 1894 vare yuddham pottipurappettu, ettavum purogamicha matharam sainyam, rund aadhunika yudhakkappalukalaaya "shree matharam", "shree chakra" ennivayullathinaal, kalapakaarikalaaya gramangal pidichedukkaanum avasaanathe sasak prathirodhatthe chuttikkaranganum kazhinju.
1894 februvari februvari dutch edapedalinum pinthunaykkum sasac audyogikamaayi ahvaanam cheythu. eest indeesil thangalude niyanthranam vipuleekarikkaanulla avasaramaayi eee sambhavangale kanda duchukal, avarude samrakshanam aavasyappetta sasakkine pinthunaykkaan theerumaanikkukayum duchukal balinese bharanadhikaarikal singappooril ninnu aayudangalum vitharanavum irakkumathi cheiyunnathu thadassappeduthaan thudangukayum cheythu.
dutch edapedal (juulai 1894).
uparodham mathiyayilla, matharam samarppikkanamenna dutch aavasyam nirasikkapettu. 1894 joolaiyil matharam bharanadhikariye attimarikkaan dachukaar oru sainika paryaveshanam ayaykkaan theerumaanichu. 107 udyogasthareyum 1,320 europian sinikareyum 948 thaddesheeya sinikareyum 386 kuthirakaleyum vahikkunna moonnu kappalukalaya "prins hendrick", "koninin emma", "tromp" enniva battaviyayil ninnu ayachu.
1894 august muthal baalinikal dutch sainika saannidhyathe cherukkaan theerumaanichu. avar 900-oolam varunna dutch sainika campine raathriyil athbhuthakaramaayi akramikkukayum, 1894 august august kakranegaarayile mayura kottaarathilvechu 500-ladhikam sinikareyum naavikareyum koolikaleyum kollukayum cheythu. marichavaril general pii.pii.echu. paryaveshanatthinte commander vaan haam. dachukaar pinvaangukayum theerathe kottakalil thangal urachunilkkukayum cheythu.
dutch shakthippeduthalukal (november 1894).
general vettarude keezhil kooduthal sainyabalavumayi duchukal madangi. matharam akramikkukayum poornnamaayum nasippikkukayum cheythu. 1894 november november avar kakranegaarayile balinese sthaanangalil chittayaya peeranki bombakramanam nadathukayum kottaram nasippikkukayum cheythu, ekadesham 2,000 balinese kollappedukayum 166 pere nashtappedukayum cheythu.
1894 november avasaanathode dachukaar baalinikalude sthaanangal nasippikkukayum aayirakkanakkin perr marikkukayum baalinikal keezhadangukayo pupoottan enna aachaaraparamaaya aathmahathya cheiyukayo cheythu.
lombok karangasem dutch eest indeesinte bhaagamaayi maarukayum baaliyil ninnu bharanam nadathukayum cheythu. gusthi gede gelantic 1894-ll dutch reejantaayi niyamikkappedukayum 1902 vare bharikkukayum cheythu.
swarnam, velli, aabharanangal ennivayulppede lombok rajakeeya nidhi dachukaar pidichedutthu. taamasiyaathe bangliyum gianyar dutch aadhipathyam sweekarichu, ennaal baaliyile dutch edapedal (1906) vare thekkan baali ethirthu.

