
vesttan eiii. vila

poshakaahaaram, danthaarogyam, shaareerika aarogyam enniva thammilulla bandhathekkurichulla sidhaanthangalkku peruketta oru canadian danthadoktaraayirunnu vesttan andrew valio prais (septambar 6,1870-januvari 23,1948). addeham research instittyoott naashanal dental association sthaapichu, athu american dental associationte gaveshana vibhaagamaayi maari, 1914 muthal 1928 vare ndaude chairmaanaayirunnu.
endodontic therapy pulpless pallukalum thammilulla bandhathekkurichum phokkal infection sidhaantham ennariyappedunna vishalamaaya systemic rogathekkurichum prais thudakkathil dantha gaveshanam nadatthi, ithu tonsilukaludeyum pallukaludeyum niravadhi verthirichedukkalukal kalaashichu. 1930kalil phokkal anubadha sidhaantham anukoolamallaathaavukayum 1950kalode danthachikitsayude arikukalilekku thallappedukayum cheythu.
1930 aayappozhekkum prais poshakaahaarathilekkulla thante thaalparyam maatti. 1939-ll addeham "poshakaahaaravum shaareerika apachayavum" prasidheekarichu, vividha samskaarangalude bhakshanakramavum poshakaahaaravum padikkunna thante aagola yathrakal vishadeekarichu. aadhunika paashchaathya bhakshanathinte vashangal (prathyekichu maavu, panchasaara, aadhunika samskaricha pachakkari kozhuppukal) poshakakkuravinu kaaranamakunnuvennum athu pala dantha prasnangalkkum aarogya prasnangalkkum kaaranamakunnuvennum pusthakam nigamanam cheiyunnu. addeham nireekshicha danthaprashnangalil pallukal kshayam koodaathe mukhaghadanayude sariyaaya vikasanam (pallukalude tirakk ozhivakkaan) ulppedunnu. eee kruthikku sammishra avalokanangal labhichu, vivaadaparamaaya dantha, poshaka sidhaanthangal ulppede niravadhi vyathyastha sidhaanthangalude vakthaakkal innum udharikkunnu.
aadyakaala varshangal.
1870 septambar 6 nuu kaanadayile ontaariyoyile newbergill janicha prais 1893 ll mishigan sarvakalaashaalayile dental collegil ninnu birudam nedukayum north dakottayile grand forkkukalil practies cheyyaan thudangukayum cheythu. athe varsham thanne addeham ohaayoyile clevelandilekku thamasam maari.
gaveshanam.
saankethika vikasanam.
dantharogangalkkulla saankethika pariharangal vikasippikkunnathinayi vila gaveshanangal nadatthi. lohathinteyum porsalininteyum samyojanam ulppedunna porsaline inlekalude nirmmaanathinaayi addeham pyrometetar dental choola kandupidikkukayum mechappeduthukayum cheythu. 1900 kalude thudakkathil dental scheographukal nirmikkunnathil mechappeduthalukal addeham gaveshanam cheyyukayum kyaansaril ex-reyude swaadheenam padikkunnathinaayi prathyeka upakaranangal vikasippikkukayum cheythu. eee kruthiyude bhooribhaagavum addeham amgamaayirunna vividha professional sosaittikalil avatharippikkappettu. radiographukalumaayulla addehathinte pravarthanangalil pallukal padikkunnathinulla oru puthiya radiological saankethikavidyaykku thudakkamidunnathum endodonticalaayi chikilsikkunna pallukal vishakalanam cheyyaan radiographukal upayogikkunnathum ulppedunnu. 1904 ll doow. 1940kalude avasaanathil california sarvakalaashaalayile gorden fittsjerald. danthadoktarmaarkku munkaala danthachikithsakalude thelivukal oduvil kaanaan kazhiyumennathinaal radiographukal upayogikkunna reethi danthachikitsayil oru puthiya yugathinu thudakkamittu.
endodontics phokkal anubadhayum.
pulpless, endodontically treat cheytha pallukalekkurichu gaveshanam nadathunnathinu prais thante kariyarinte 25 varsham chelavazhichu, ithu phokkal anubaadhayude sidhaanthathe pinthunachu, ithu niram, kudal vaikalyangal, anaemiya ennivayulppedeyulla vyavasthaapitha avasthakal vaayile anubaadhakalaal vishadeekarikkaamennu abhiprayappettu. kooduthal pothuvaaya rogasadhyatha parimithappeduthunnathinna, rogabadhithamaaya pallukal root kanalukalekkaal dantha verthirichedukkal vazhi chikilsikkanamennu eee sidhaantham abhiprayappettu. cases reportukaleyum muyalukalil nadatthiya mruga padanangaleyum adisthaanamaakkiyulla addehathinte gaveshanam, pradhaanamallaatha palppukal upayogichu pallukal verthiricheduthathin sesham naadakeeyamaaya purogathi kaanikkunnuvenn avakashappettu. praisinte gaveshanam 1920 kalile danthasaahithyathile saakshyapathrangalude vishalamaaya shekharavumaayi poruthappedunnu, ithu endodonticaayi chikilsikkunnathinuparam, rogabadhithamaaya pallukal verthirichedukkunna reethikk vyapakamaaya sveekaaryatha nalki. 1925-leeii praisinte prasidheekaranamaaya "dental infections aandu anubandha degenerative diseases"-ll "thettaaya bacteria saankethikavidya" enna vilayude pravarthanathekkurichu 1927-leeii avalokanathil vaadangal undaayirunnittum, praisinte prasidheekaranamaaya "dental infections, ooral aandu systemic" 1930-kalude madhyathil prasidheekaricha paatapusthakangalilum diagnosis guideukalilum oru referenzaayi upayogichu.
1930kalode, phokkal anubaadhayude sidhaantham veendum parisodhikkaan thudangi, puthiya gaveshanangal muun padanangalude falangalekkurichu samshayam prakadippichu. 1935-leeii "canadian dental associationte jenal" enna lekhanam prais radical ennu visheshippichu, athesamayam "dantha anubadhakal, vaakkaalullathum vyavasthaapithavumaaya" enna addehathinte paramarsham udharichu, "avarude doctoro danthadoktaro aashvaasam nalkaan shramicha shathangalil ninnu budhimuttukalum budhimuttukalum anubavikkunna rogikale nirantharam kaanunnath" pallu verthirichedukkal upayogikkunnathinulla oru nalla kaaranamaayi. 1940-ll oru gaveshakan "1936-nuu munbu nadatthiya pulpless pallukal kaikaaryam cheiyunna praayogikamaayi ellah anweshanangalum sameepakaala padanangalude velichathil asaadhuvaanennum" vila mattullavayeyum kurichulla gaveshanathinu saankethika parimithikalum phalangalekkurichulla samshayaaspadamaaya vyaakhyaanangalum undennum abhiprayappettu.
kaaliforniyayile santa monikkayil prais marichathinu moonnu varshathinu sesham, "jenal oof dhii american dental association" nte oru prathyeka avalokana lakkathil paricharana nilavaaram verthirichedukkunnathil ninnu endodontical dentistriyilekku mariyathaayi sthireekarichu. aadhunika gaveshanangalumayi thaarathamyappeduthumbol, vila padanangalkku sariyaaya niyanthrana grouppukal illaayirunnu, amithamaya alavilulla bakteeriyakal upayogichu, pallu verthirichedukkumbol bacteria malineekaranam undaayi, ithu pareekshanathmaka pakshapaathangalilekku nayichu.
poshakaahaaram.
1894 muthal, pallu kshayam undaakkunna praadhamika gadakamaayi bhakshanathe vila kanakkakkaan thudangi. 1925ll poshakaahaaratthinte sajeeva vidyaarthiyaayappol addeham kaalsyam mettabolisathilekku akarshikkappettu. 1930 kalude thudakkathil, vitaamin biyum dhaatu lavanangalum kshayam thadayunnathinulla pradhana bhakshana gadakangalaanennu prais gaveshanam soochippichu.
1939-ll, swittsarlandile lotschental, thaddesheeya amerikkakkar, polynesiakkaar, pigmikal, aadivaasikal thudangi niravadhi samskaarangalil addeham nadatthiya ethnographic poshakaahaara padanangalude oru parambarayekkurichu vishadeekarikkunna oru pusthakamaaya "nutrition aandu physical degeneration" prais prasidheekarichu. gaveshana saamagrikalil 15,000 photographukal, 4,000 slideukal, niravadhi philimstrips enniva ulppedunnu.
1920 kalilum 1930 kalilum paashchaathya samskaarangalil thaddesheeyamaaya vividha rogangal-danthakshayam muthal kshayarogam vare-paashchaathyamallaatha samskaarangalil apoorvvamaayi maathrame kaanappedunnulloo ennu pusthakatthil prais avakashappettu. paashchaathya ithara vibhagangal thaddesheeya bhakshanakramam upekshikkukayum paashchaathya jeevithareethikal sweekarikkukayum cheythathinaal, avar saadhaarana paashchaathya rogangalil vardhanavu kaanikkunnuvenn addeham vaadichu. bhakshanagal vaanijyaparamaayi thayyarakkukayum sambharikkukayum cheiyunna paashchaathya reethikal eee rogangal thadayunnathinu aavashyamaaya vitaaminukalum dhaathukkalum illaathaakkunnuvennu addeham nigamanam cheythu.
1939-ll bhauthika naravamshashaasthranjan ezhuthiya pusthakatthinte aamukham. hooton, "kaattumrigangalil" danthakshayam kuravaanennu muun gaveshanam sthireekarikkunnathinum eee vyathyaasathinte kaaranashaasthram sthaapikkaan sramikkunnathinum praisinte pravartthanatthe abhinandichu. 1940-ll, "canadian medical association jenalil" oru avalokanam eee pusthakatthe "gaveshanathinte oru maastarpees" ennu visheshippichu, poshakaahaaratthil vilayude swaadheenam dahanathile ivaan paavlovumaayi thaarathamyam cheythu. 1950-ll "laryngoscope" enna jenalile oru avalokanam ingane paranju "doow. oru pusthakatthil addehathinte aagola yaathrayudeyum gaveshanathinteyum vilayude documentation vivarikkumbol vilaye "poshakaahaaratthinte chaals darvin" ennu vilikkam. mattu avalokanangalkk sahanubhooti kuravaayirunnu, addehathinte chila nigamanangal nireekshana vaarandinekkaal valare akaleyaanennu "" shaasthreeya maasika "shradhikkukayum dhaarmikathayekkurichulla vilayude vivaada nigamanangale" avatharippicha thelivukalaal nyaayeekarikkappedunnil "ennu vimarsikkukayum addehathinte bhakshana kandethalukalude praadhaanyatthe kurachukaanukayum cheythu. athupole, "jenal oof dhii american medical association" enna jenalile oru avalokanam eee poshaka gaveshanathinte praadhaanyathodu viyojikkukayum vila "nireekshaneeyamaanenkilum poornnamaayum pakshapaatharahithamalla" ennum addehathinte sameepanam "shaasthreeyamalla marichu suvisheshavaadaparamaayirunnu" ennum abhiprayappettu."
1981ll vilyam tii. nutrition tude" yill prasidheekaricha jarvis kooduthal nirnaayakamaayirunnu, vilayude pravartthanangal "aarogyakaramaya kaattumrigangalude kettukatha" yude oru mikacha udaaharanamaayi thiricharinju, ithu kooduthal aadhunika samoohangalil jeevikkunnavarekkaal saankethikamaayi aadimamaaya saahacharyangalil jeevikkunna vyakthikal aarogyakaramaya jeevitam nayikkunnuvennu karuthunnu. padanavidheyamaaya bhakshanakramatthinte poshakaahaarathekkurichulla alavilulla vishakalanathinte abhavam vilayude pravartthanatthe parimithappeduthiyathaayi avalokanam abhiprayappettu, koodaathe aadima samoohangalile poshakaahaarakkurav, bhakshanakramathekkaal paashchaathya bhakshanakramathil amithamaya upabhogam thudangiya thante nireekshanagalkkulla badal vishadeekaranangal addeham avaganichathaayi paranju. aadima janathayude aarogyathekkurichu vilaykk munkootty sangalppicha oru nalla daaranayundennu avalokanam avakaashappedunnu, ithu samshayaaspadamaaya moolyamulla daattayilekkum avarude samoohangale badhikkunna pradhana prasnangal avaganikkunna nigamanangalilekkum nayichu, athaayath peridondal rogam.
paarambaryamaayi.
1994ll jorjju iii. mainig "root kanal cover-upp exposhed" prasidheekarichu, ithu rosono vila kurichulla kaalaharanapetta padanangale punarujjeevippichu. eee padanangalekkurichu kelkkunna rogikal avare puthiyathum vishwasaneeyavumaayathaayi kaanumenna aashanka uyarnnirunnu. annels oof dentistry" enna pusthakatthil mainiginte pusthakatthe vimarshicha oru pusthaka avalokanam, mainig thante ashayangal poornnamaayum 1923 leeii vilayude "dantha anubadhakal, vaakkaalullathum vyavasthaapithavumaaya" adisthaanamaakkiyullathaanum, mainiginte pusthakam professional edittinginte abhavam anubhavikkunnuvennum, thelivillaatha avakaashavaadangal unnayikkunnuvennum, adisthaana padangale (anubadhayum veekkavum polullava) aashayakkuzhappathilaaknum, pradhana vishayavumaayi bandhamillaattha mekhalakalilekku vyaapikkunnuvennum abhiprayappettu. vilayude pravartthanangal nannayi charcha cheyyappettittundenum avaa marachuvechittillennum avalokanam parayunnu, endodontic chikitsa surakshithavum phalapradavumaanennu kandethiya thudarnnulla gaveshanangal vilayude sidhaanthangal pinneedu maattisthaapichuvenkilum, pallukaludeyum anubaadhayudeyum jeevashaasthrathil addeham shradha kendreekarichirikkunnathu aadhunika danthachikitsayil ippozhum prasakthamaanu, kaaranam chila clinisianmaar saankethikavidyaykkum rogabadhithamaaya pallukalude chikilsaykkaayi moshamaayi pareekshicha nadapadikramangalkkum kooduthal oonnal nalkiyittundu.
samagramaya danthachikitsayude vikasanathinu vilayaanu kaaranam. 2008 leeii kanakkanusarichu 28 danthadokdarmaarude amgathvathode 1952 ll sthaapithamaaya laabhechayillaathe pravartthikkunna samghadanayaaya prais-pottenchar nutrition foundeshan (ppnf) praisinte kayyezhuthuprathikalude photographukaludeyum oru archive paripalikkukayum samagra vaidyashaasthrathinte thathwangal pinthunaykkukayum cheiyunnu. vesttan eiii. 1999ll saali faalanum poshakaahaara vidagthayaaya merii jiyum chernnaanu prais foundeshan sthaapichathu. thante gaveshanam pracharippikkan aagrahikkunnu. vilayude aashayangalude aadhunika anuyaayikal sakthamaaya prathirodha kuthivayppu virudharaanenkilum, vesttan eiii. vila svayam prathirodha kuthivayppaayirunnil. 
tharkkam.
steefan baarat, kwakwach websaittil ezhuthi, samagramaya danthachikitsa vilayude gaveshanavum thallikkalanju, "vila aadima pradeshangalil oru chuzhalikkaatt paryadanam nadatthi, naattukaare upariplavamaayi parishodhichu, lalithamaaya nigamanangalilekku kuthichu. avarude aarogyathe prashamsikkumbol, avarude hrasvamaaya aayurdairkhyavum sisumarananirakku, praadeshika rogangal, poshakaahaarakkurav ennivayude uyarnna nirakkum addeham avaganichu. arakal uthppaadippikkaathin avarude bhakshanakramathe prashamsikkumbol, poshakaahaarakkuravulla aalukalkk saadhaaranayaayi kooduthal arakal labhikkunnilla enna vastutha addeham avaganichu."madhuram, kozhuppu, uppu adangiya bhakshanam ennivayude" "durupayogam" "; puthiya anukkalumayi sanbarkkam; nishkriyathvam; madyapaanam enniva moolam thaddesheeyaraaya aalukal anubavikkunna dantha prasnangal undayathaayi baarat vaadichu, koodaathe root kanaalukalil ninnulla bacteria chorchayekkurichulla vila padanangale" "moshamaayi roopakalppana cheythava" "ennu visheshippichu". baarattinte avakaashavaadangale foundeshan nishedhichu. vilyam tii. jaarvisinte lekhanam "aarogyakaramaya kaattumrigangalude kettukatha" parayunnath, aadima bhakshanangalekkurichulla addehathinte pravartthanangal ippozhum poshakaahaarathinu oonnal nalkunna danthadoktarmaar vyaapakamaayi uravidamaakkiyirikkunnu, ennaal aadhunika bhakshanakramam shaareerika apachayathilekku nayichu enna aashayathin prathyayashaasthraparamaayi prachodanam nalkia sthiramaaya paalikkal kaaranam vila avaganikkappedunna kurravukal undennu vaadikkunnu.
thiranjeduttha kruthikal.
vesttan eyude rachanakalil ninnu uruthirinja oru stattistikkal avalokanathil. vila, oclc/weldcat 4 bhashakalilaayi 50-ladhikam prasidheekaranangalilum 1,000-ladhikam library holdingukalilum ekadesham 10 + kruthikal ulkkollunnu.

