
saamoohika samrambham

saambathikavum saamoohikavum paaristhithikavumaaya kshemathil mechappeduthalukal vardhippikkunnathinu vaanijya thanthrangal prayogikkunna oru samghadanayaanu saamoohika samrambham. saha udamakalude laabhathinoppam saamoohika swaadheenam paramavadhi vardhippikkunnathu ithil ulppedaam.
saamoohika samrambhangale oru bisinesses, labhathinaayulla pankaalittham allengil laabhechayillaatha oru samghadanayaayi roopappeduthaam, koodaathe oru sahakarana, paraspara samghadana, avaganikkapetta sthaapanam, oru saamoohika bisinesses, oru benifit korppareshan, oru community thaalpparya kambani, gyaarandi allengil chaarity oorganaiseshan vazhi parimithappedutthiya oru kambani ennivayude roopam (eathu rajyath sthaapanam nilavilundu, labhyamaya niyama roopangale aashrayich) edukkaam. avarkk kooduthal parambaraagatha gadanakalum edukkaan kazhiyum.
saamoohika samrambhangalkk bisinesses, paristhithi, saamoohika lakshyangalund. thalphalamaayi, avarude saamoohika lakshyangal avarude lakshyathil ulchernnirikkunnu, athu avare mattu samghadanakalil ninnum kambanikalil ninnum vyathyasthamaakkunnu. oru saamoohika samrambhathinte pradhana lakshyam saamoohika maattam prolsaahippikkuka, prolsaahippikkuka, undaakkuka ennivayaanu. saambathikamaayi susthiramaaya reethiyil oru saamoohika lakshyam munnott kondupokunnathinaayi srishtikkappetta bisinasukalaanu saamoohika samrambhangal. daaridryathil jeevikkunna aalukalude adisthaana aavasyangal niravettunna varumaanamundaakkaanulla avasarangal nalkaan saamoohika samrambhangalkk kazhiyum. avaa susthiramaanu, vilppanayil ninnu labhikkuna varumanam avarude dauthyathil veendum nikshepikkunnu. avar jeevakaarunya pravartthanangale aasrayikkunnilla, deerghakaalaadisthaanathil svayam nilanirthaan kazhiyum. kooduthal swaadheenam srishtikkunnathinaayi avarude maathrkakal mattu samoohangalilekku vipuleekarikkaano aavarthikkaano kazhiyum.
graant panam, sambhavanakal allengil sarkkar nayangal ennivaye maathram aasrayikkunna laabhechayillaatha oru samghadanayekkaal kooduthal susthiramaayirikkaam oru saamoohika samrambham.
tharangal.
saamoohika samrambhangal chalanathmakamaanu, avaa eppozhum maarikkondirikkunna oru lokathile samoohangaludeyum vyakthikaludeyum aavasyangal niravettunnuvennu urappakkaan poruthappedutthal aavasyamaanu. santhulithamaaya saambathika, saamoohika, paaristhithika lakshyangal kaivarikkunnathinaanu avarellam pravartthikkunnathu ennathaanu avarude pothuvaaya pothu nool.
vyapara samrambhangal.
thozhilaalli/jeevanakkaarante udamasthathayilulla vyapara samrambhangal, sahakarana samghangal, koottukal. yukeyile joonn luis pankaalittham, speyinile montraagan korppareshan thudangiya valare valia samrambhangal muthal parambaraagatha maanejment shrenikalum shambala vyathyasangalumulla avarude jeevanakkaarude udamasthathayilulla idatharam samrambhangal vare, kuranja sreniparamaaya reethikalil jolie cheyyukayum vethana thulyatha palikkukayum cheiyunna kurachu directormaar/jeevanakkar mathramulla valare cheria thozhilaalli sahakarana samghangal vare iva vyathyaasappedunnu. vyapara samrambhangalkkullil jeevanakkaarude udamasthathayilulla samrambhangalum angathwa udamasthathayilulla samrambhangalum undu.
dhanakaarya sthaapanangal.
credit unionukal, micro credit oorganaiseshanukal, sahakarana baankukal, revolving loonn fandukal thudangiya savings, loonn oorganaiseshanukal angathwa udamasthathayilulla saamoohika samrambhangalaan. 1850kalil germmaniyil aadyamaayi sthaapithamaaya credit unionukal anthaaraashtra thalatthil vyaapichu. 1870 muthal oru angathwa sahakarana samghathinte anubandha sthaapanamaayi udamasthathayilulla sahakarana baankukalum samaanamaan. sameepakaalath pala vikaswara raajyangalilum micro credit oorganaiseshanukal valia falamaayi valarnnu. praadeshika currency ekschenchukalum saamoohika moolya ekschenchukalum sthaapikkappedunnu.
saamoohika samghadanakal.
niravadhi community samghadanakal rajisttar cheytha saamoohika samrambhangalaana community samrambhangal, bhawana sahakarana samghangal, asattu lokkukalulla community thaalpparya kambanikal, community sentarukal, pabbukalum kadakalum, associationukal, bhawana associationukal, football clubbukal. saadhaaranayaayi oru prathyeka uddeshyathinum vaanijyaparamaaya vyaapaarathinum vendi nilanilkkunna angathwa samghadanakalaanu iva. laabhangal samoohathilekku veendum nikshepikkaanaanu ellaavarum pravartthikkunnathu. samghadanayude pradhana uddeshyathe pinthunaykkunnavaro upabhokthaakkalo aaya valia amgathvangal avarkkund. 1904 muthal indiayilum paakisthaanilum grama sahakarana samghangal sthaapikkappettittundu.
sarkkarithara samghadanakalum (enn. jii. oo.) jeevakaarunya pravartthanangalum.
oru vaanijya kansalttansi, pariseelana samrambham allengil ooksfaam internaashanal polulla anubandha vyapara samrambhangal pravarthippikkunna niravadhi engiokalum chaarittikalum undu. prathyeka vibhaagangalkk soujanya sevanangal nalkunna aalukalkk shambalam nalkunnathino samghadanayude saamoohikamo paaristhithikamo aaya lakshyangal munnott kondupokunnathino aanu labham upayogikkunnathu.
charithram.
uthbhavam.
swakaarya bisinasukal, sahakarana samghangal, pothu samrambhangal ennivaykku pakaramulla vaanijya samghadanaa maathrkayaayi 1970 kalude avasaanathil yukeyil oru vyathyastha aashayamaayi oru saamoohika samrambham enna ashayam aadyamaayi vikasichu. akkaalat eee aashayathin anchu pradhana thathwangal undaayirunnu, avaa moonnu moolyangalaayum rund maathrukaa mattangalaayum thirichirikkunnu. rund maathrukaaparamaaya mattangal ivayaayirunnu
ippol triple bottom line ennu vilikkappedunna moonnu thathwangal ivayaayirunnu
koodaathe, saamoohika samrambhangal oru saamoohika accounting, ooditt samvidaanam upayogichu saambathika prakadanam, saamoohika-sambathu srishtikkal, paaristhithika utharavaaditham ennivayekkurichu aasoothranam cheyyukayum alakkukayum report cheyyukayum cheyyanamenna yadhaartha aashayathinte bhagamaayaanu ithu uddeshichathu.
saamoohika samrambhangalil ulchernnirikkunna samghadanaaparavum niyamaparavumaaya thathwangal laabhechayillaatha samghadanakalil ninnaan vannathennu vishwasikkappedunnu. thudakkathil, laabhechayillaatha samghadanakal sarkkar, pothu pinthunaye aasrayichirunnuvenkilum aduthide avar avarude swantham saamoohika maatta pravarthanangalil ninnulla laabhathe aashrayikkaan thudangi. saamoohika samrambhakathva sakhyam (kadal) eee parivartthanatthinte kaaranagal inipparayunnavayaayi nirvachikkunnu
laabhechayillaathavayude parinaamatthinte falamaayaanu saamoohika samrambhangal srishtikkappettathennu kanakkaakkappedunnu. eee roopeekarana prakriya vyakthamaaya samghadanaa athirukalillaatha oru tharam hibrid oorganaiseshanu kaaranamaayi. vividha pandithanmaar (udha.jii. ikenberry & cluver, liu & qoo, muellins thudangiyava.) laabhechayillaatha mekhalayude vipananamaan ithu sambhavichathenn vaadichu, ithu laabhechayillaatha niravadhi sthaapanangal varumanam srishtikkunnathil kooduthal shradha kendreekarikkaan kaaranamaayi. mattu pandithanmaar sthaapana sidhaantham upayogichu laabhechayillaathava saamoohika samrambhakathva maathrkakal sweekarichittundennu nigamanam cheythittundu, kaaranam atharam maathrkakal niyamavidheyavum vyaapakamaayi amgeekarikkappettathumaanu. chila samghadanakal saamoohika samrambhangalayi parinamichu, chilath saamoohika samrambhangalayi sthaapikkappettu.
vyathyastha perukalilum vyathyastha swabhaavasavisheshathakalilumaayi lokamembaadum saamoohika samrambhathin oru neenda charithramund.
saambathikamaayi swathanthravum saamoohika lakshyangalullathum paristhithi utharavaadithamullathumaaya reethiyil pravarthikkunnathumaaya oru saamoohika samrambhathe janaadhipathyaparamaayi udamasthathayilullathum nadathunnathumaaya vyapara samghadanayaayi oru saamoohika samrambhathekkurichulla aadya vivaranam 1978 ll yukeyil freer spreckly munnottuvaykkukayum pinneedu 1981 ll oru prasidheekaranamaayi ezhuthukayum cheythu. oru saamoohika sahakaranathinte roopathil oru saamoohika samrambhathinte aadya udaaharanangalilonnu victorian kaalaghattatthil ninnu kandethaam. saamoohika sahakarana samghangaleppole, saamoohika samrambhangalum samsthaana, vipani paraajayatthinte falamaayi uyarnnuvannathayi vishwasikkappedunnu. ennirunnaalum, yukeyil vipani parajayam oonnipparayunnu, athesamayam yunaittad stetsil samsthaana parajayam oonnipparayunnu.
mohammed younus.
mohammed younus (graameen baank sthaapakanum 2006 leeii samaadhaanathinulla nobal sammana jethaavum) thante 2009 leeii 'banker tuu dhaa pavappettavar' enna pusthakatthilum mattu lekhanangalilum 'soshyal enterprise' enna padam upayogichu. mohammed younus microfinancine soochippikkunna padamaanu upayogichathu. saambathikamaayi adichamarthappetta samoohangalile sthreekalkku micro credit nalkunna mekhalayile addehathinte pravartthanangal addehathe 2006-leeii samaadhaanathinulla nobal sammanam labhikkaan kaaranamaayi.
sthaapanangaliludaneelam saamoohika samrambhangal sweekarikkuka.
amerikkayile harward, stanford, prinsettan sarvakalashaalakal ashokante pravartthanangale adisthaanamaakki nirmmikkukayum oronnum padhathi samrambhangaliloodeyum prasidheekaranangaliloodeyum saamoohika samrambhakathva mekhalayude vikasanathinu sambhavanakal nalkukayum cheythu.
 saamoohika samrambha patana mekhala ithuvare uracha daarshanika aditharakal vikasippichittillengile athinte abhibhaashakarum academic samoohavum vimarsanaathmaka adhyapanangalil kooduthal earppettirikkunnu (udha.jii. poulo freer), gaveshanathile vimarsanaathmaka paarambaryangal (udha.jii. svakaaryamekhalayile bisinus vidyaabhyaasavumaayi thaarathamyappeduthumbol vimarsanaathmaka sidhaantham/sthaapana sidhaantham/marxism).
saamoohika sambadvyavasthayumaayi bandhapetta adhyapanangal roobert ooven, proudhone, kaal marks ennivarude kruthikalil ninnu vyakthamaayi aakarshikkappedunnu, bordiyuvinteyum putnaminteyum kruthikal saamoohika mooladhanathekkurichulla charchayeyum paraspara malsara nettavumaayulla bandhatheyum ariyikkunnu. ennirunnaalum, eee boudhika adithara saamoohika samrambhakathva mekhalayilekku athra shakthamayi vyapikkunnilla, avide soshyal innoveshan, aakttar-network sidhaantham, sankeernnatha sidhaantham ennivayude valarnnuvarunna mekhalakalumaayi samyojichu joseph shumpeettarinte udaaravaadatheyum samrambhakathvatheyum kurichulla rachanakalil ninnu kooduthal swaadheenam cheluthunnu.
saamoohika samrambhangal (swakaarya samrambhangalil ninnu vyathyasthamayi) oru bisinus school pashchaathalatthil maathramaayi padippikkunnilla, kaaranam ithu aarogya mekhalayumaayum pothu sevana vitharanavumayum kooduthalaayi bandhappettirikkunnu. ennirunnaalum, ooksfoord sarvakalaashaalayude bisinus school saamoohika samrambhakare kendreekarichulla oru aagola paripaadiyaaya schole waled foratthinu aathidheyathvam vahikkunnu.
prasidheekaranangal.
2005ll soshyal enterprise lunden (lunden development associationte pinthunayode) aanu aadyathe anthaaraashtra saamoohika-samrambha jenal sthaapichathu. soshyal enterprise jenaline" "soshyal enterpreneurship jenal" pinthudarunnu, koodaathe saamoohika sambadvyavasthayumaayum saamoohika samrambhavumayulla prashnangalude kavarej "" jenal oof qoo-operative stadees "," "annels oof qoo-operative aandu public economics" enniva ulkkollunnu. europian soshyal enterprise research netvarkkum (iii. emm. iii. ezz) ooppan yooniversittiyile sahakarana gaveshana yoonittum (sii. aarr. yuu) saamoohika samrambhangalekkurichulla gaveshanangalum prasidheekarichittundu. oaksfordum duke sarvakalaashaalakalum samyukthamaayi samghadippikkunna schole waled phooram lokamembaadumulla gaveshakareyum pariseelakareyum orumichu konduvarunnu.
padavali.
saamoohika samrambham' enna padatthinu yunaittad stetsile jeevakaarunya verukalum yunaittad kingdom, europian union, eshya ennividangalile sahakarana verukalum kaaranam sammishravum mathsaraadhishtithavumaaya paarambaryamundu. amerikkayil, 'vyapaaram cheyyumbol' 'jeevakaarunya pravartthanangal' cheiyunnathinekkaal 'vyapaaram nadatthi jeevakaarunya pravartthanangal' enna padavumaayi eee padam bandhappettirikkunnu. mattu rajyangalil, jeevakaarunya pravarthanathekkaal saamoohika samghaadanathinum mooladhanathinteyum paraspara thathwangaludeyum janaadhipathya niyanthranathinum kooduthal oonnal nalkunnu. sameepa varshangalil, saamoohika utharavaaditham nerittu pinthudarunnatho jeevakaarunya aavasyangalkkaayi fund swaroopikkunnatho aaya saamoohika uddeshya bisinasukal enna ashayam uyarnnu.
oru saamoohika lakshyam nedunnathinaayi maathramaayi oru saamoohika samrambhathe maathrkayaakkanamennu graameen baankinte sthaapakanaaya mohammed younus vishwasikkunnu. mattoru veekshanam saamoohika samrambhangal laabhathal prachodippikkappedaruthu, marichu laabhathinte uddeshyangal praadhamika saamoohika lakshyathin dvitheeyamaayirikkanam ennathaanu. soshyal enterprise alayans (zee) nalkunna randaamathe nirvachanam oru saamoohika samrambhathe athinte saamoohika/paaristhithika dauthyam nadappilakkaan bisinesses reethikal upayogikkunna oru samghadanayaayi nirvachikkunnu. eee nirvachanamanusarichu, saamoohika samrambhathinte saamoohika dauthyam pinnakkam nilkkunnavare sahayikkuka ennathaanu, athu nerittu charakkukalo sevanangalo nalkunnathiloode nadappilaakkunnu (panamalla). koodaathe, sambaadicha varumanam samghadanayudeyo samrambhathinteyo pradhana varumaana maargamaayirikkanam. moonnaamathe nirvachanam poornnamaayum samghadana engane niyamaparamaayi roopeekarikkappettirikku allengil oru niyamaparamaaya sthaapanamaayi roopeekarikkappedunnu ennathine adisthaanamaakkiyullathaanu. eee saahacharyathil, oru saamoohika samrambham athinte sthaapana thiranjeduppiloode laabhathinte uddeshyam upekshikkaan thiranjedukkunna oru niyamaparamaaya sthaapanamaanu. naalaamathe nirvachanam oru saamoohika samrambham ennathu saamoohika swaadheenathekkurichu nirantharam chinthikkunna samarppita vyakthikalude oru samoohamaanu, athinte falamaayi saamoohika kaaryangale sameepikkaan bisinesses, maanejment saankethikavidyakal upayogikkunnu.
saamoohika samrambhangal virudhamaayi laabhechayillaathava.
saamoohika samrambhangal laabhechayillaatha oru sthaapanathinte gadanaaparamaaya ghadakam mathramalla. saamoohika samrambhangalil valiyoru bhagam laabhechayillaathavayaanu; ennirunnaalum, labhathinaayulla saamoohika samrambhangalum undu. saamoohika samrambhangale palappozhum-thettayi-laabhechayillaatha samghadanakalaayi kanakkakkunnu, ennirunnaalum palarum laabhechayillaatha niyamaparamaaya roopam sweekarikkukayum academic saahithyathil eee vishayathe laabhechayillaatha pravartthanatthinte oru shaakhayo upagrooppo aayi kanakkaakkukayum cheiyunnu (prathyekichu saamoohika bisinasukalumaayi thaarathamyappeduthumbol). laabhechayillaatha saamoohika samrambhangalkk avarude charakkukalkko sevanangalkko varumanam nedaan kazhiyum; avarude jeevakaarunya dauthyangale pinthunaykkunnathinu varumanam srishtikkaan bisinesses thanthrangal upayogikkunna laabhechayillaatha sthaapanangalaayi avaye saadhaaranayaayi kanakkakkunnu.
sameepa varshangalil, pala laabhechayillaatha sthaapanangalum saamoohika samrambhakathva maathrkakal sweekarikkaan thiranjedutthu, kaaranam baahya srothassukalil ninnu dhanasahayam labhikkunnath kooduthal budhimuttaayitheernirnu. saamoohika samrambhakathva maathruka laabhechayillaathe pravartthikkunna samghadanakalkku jeevakaarunya sambhaavanakale aashrayikkunnathin oru badal vaagdaanam cheiyunnu. ithu avarude dhanasahayavum susthirathayum vardhippikkaanum avarude saamoohika dauthyam pinthudaraan sahayikkaanum avare anuvadichekkaam. ennirunnaalum, rund saadhyathayulla prasnangal uyarnnuvarunnu 1) parasparavirudhamaaya bisinesses pravartthanangal pinthudarunnathil saamoohika lakshyathil ninnu vyathichalikkal 2) saamoohika samrambhakathva maathruka sweekarikkunnathinulla aparyapthamaaya kazhivukal, vibhavangal, kazhivukal.
saamoohika samrambhavum korpparettu saamoohika utharavaadithavum.
pala vaanijya samrambhangalum svayam saamoohika lakshyangal ullathayi kanakkaakkumenkilum atharam prathibaddhatha aathyanthikamayi samrambhathe saambathikamaayi kooduthal moolyavathaayathaakkumenna daaranayaanu eee lakshyangalodulla prathibaddhathaykku prachodanam nalkunnathu. korpparettu utharavaaditha nayangal" pravarthippikkunnavennu kooduthal shariyaayi parayappedunna samghadanakalaaniva. saamoohika samrambhangal vyathyasthamaan, kaaranam avarude swaadheenam cheluthaanulla prathibaddhatha bisinasinte douthyathinte kendramaanu. roopangalilum pravarthanangalilum valia vyathyaasangalundengilum, angane cheiyunnathu aathyanthikamayi avarude saamoohikavum paaristhithikavumaaya lakshyangal saakshaathkarikkaanulla avarude sheshi vardhippikkumennu avar vishwasikkunna sthalangalilozhike, chilar avarude nikshepakarkku oru aanukoolyavum vaagdaanam cheyyaan lakshyamidunnilla.
korpparettu soshyal responsibility (csr) ennathu bisinasukalkku avarude pravartthanangal undaakkunna saamoohikavum paaristhithikavumaaya prathyaaghaathangalekkurich bodhavaanmaraakaan kazhiyunna oru sanbradaayamaanu. utharavaaditham, aantharika/baahya gadakangal thudangi vividha tharatthilulla csr markerukal undu. saamoohika samrambhangal avarude saamoohika lakshyangalude falamaayi baahya saamoohika utharavaadithathinu valareyadhikam oonnal nalkunnu, athinaal saamoohika swaadheenam samghadanayil nirmmikkappedunnu. ennirunnaalum, saamoohika samrambhangal aabhyanthara sii. ezz. aarinu mathiyaya oonnal nalkunnundo illayo ennathinekkurichu charchakal nadannirunnu. manavavibhavasheshi/mooladhana maanejment, aarogya-suraksha maanadandangal, naveekaranathodum maattathodumulla poruthappedutthal, samghadanaykkullile maanejmentinte gunanilavaaram enniva aantharika csril ulppedunnu. bhooribhaagam saamoohika samrambhangalkkum mathiyaya dhanasahaayamillathathinaal, avarkk avarude jeevanakkaarkk malsaraadhishtitha vethanam nalkaan kazhiyilla, athinte falamaayi jeevanakkaare niyamikkunnathin mattu (saambathikamallaatha) saankethikavidyakal avalambikkendathundu. pala maanejarmaarum ithinaayi saamoohika samrambhathinte eratta dauthyam/uddeshyathinte saamoohika ghadakam upayogikkunnu.
saamoohika samrambhakathvavum saamoohika samrambhakathvavum.
saamoohika samrambhakathvam pole, saamoohika samrambhakathvathinum nilavilulla vividha nirvachanangalund. nilavil eee padatthinu vyaapakamaayi amgeekarikkappettathum staanderd nirvachanamillaathathum vishadaamshangalude thalatthil vivaranagal vyathyaasappettirikkunnu. saamoohika samrambhangalude samghadanaaparamaaya shradhaykku vipareethamaayi saamoohika samrambhakathvathinaayi maatta ejantumaarkku oonnal nalkunnu. puthiya pariharangal srishtikkunnathilum nadappilaakkunnathilum shradha kendreekarichukondu laabhechayillaathe pravartthikkunna mekhalayilaanu saadhaaranayaayi saamoohika samrambhakathvam nadakkunnathu.
saamoohika swaadheenam virudha saamoohika samrambham.
saamoohika swaadheenavum saamoohika samrambhangalum orupoleyalla. saamoohika swaadheenam oru bisinasinte mothatthilulla prathyaaghaathangale soochippikkaam, ennaal saamoohika swaadheenamulla oru bisinesses oru saamoohika samrambhamaayirikkam allengil illaayirikkaam. saamoohika samrambhangalkk saamoohikamaayi bandhikkappetta dauthya prasthaavanakalund, avarude douthyathinte bhaagamaayi oru saamoohika prashnam pariharikkukayenna lakshyathodeyaanu avaa pravartthikkunnathu. saamoohika samrambham parambaraagatha laabhechayillaatha samghadanayil ninnu oru bisinesses poleyulla vairudhyamaayi uyarnnuvannu. vishalamaaya chattakkoodukalum naveekaranangalum kendreekarikkunna roopangalil ninnu maari paripaadikalude saamoohika swaadheenam alakkunnathinulla vipani adhishtitha parihaarangalilum bisinesses polulla parihaarangalilum shradha kendreekarikkunnathilka saamoohika samrambham athinte parinamam thudaraan pookunnu.
saamoohika samrambhakathvathinulla dhanasahayam.
saamoohika utharavaadithamulla nikshepam (shree) saambathika nettavum saamoohika swaadheenavum paramavadhi vardhippikkaan shramikkunnu.
saamoohika samrambhangal palappozhum avarude saamoohika maattathinu dhanasahayam nalkunnathinu labhathinaayulla bisinesses thanthrangal upayogikkunnu. eee saamoohika samrambhangal susthira varumaana srothassukal srishtikkunna reethikal saamoohika bisinessil ninnu saamoohika bisinessil vyathyaasappettirikkunnu, ennaal sarkkaarinteyo daathaakkaludeyo pinthunayude aavasyakatha upekshikkuka ennathaanu ellaavarum lakshyamidunnathu. gregory dees beth aandezhsanum funting thanthrangalile eee vyathyaasathe parambaraagatha laabhechayillaatha nadanil ninnu saamoohika samrambhathe verthirikkunna naveekaranamaayi charcha cheiyunnu.
vilppana shakti.coom vyaapaaramudra tharkkam.
2012ll soshyal enterprise yuke sails fozhsinethire 'nottu inn avar neyim' kaambayin nadatthi.coom enna aagola software crm kambaniyum thangalude uthppannangale vivarikkan 'soshyal enterprise' enna padam upayogikkaan thudangukayum europian union, us, austreliya, jamaikka ennividangalil 'soshyal enterprise' vyaapaaramudrakalkkaayi apekshikkukayum cheythu. america (soshyal enterprise alayans), canada, dakshinaafrikka, austreliya ennividangalile samanamaaya samghadanakal eee prachaaranatthe pinthunachu. sii. iii. oykkum sails fozhsu chairman oru thuranna kathu ayachu.coom sails fozhsinodu chodikkunnu.soshyal enterprise' enna padam upayogikkunnathu nirthaan coom. mohammed younus (graameen baank sthaapakanum samaadhaanathinulla nobal sammana jethaavumaaya), richard jii. ennivarulppede lokamembaadumulla aalukalum samghadanakalum ithil oppuvachu. wilkinson kettu pikkattum ("" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" ""  soshyal enterprise' enna padam vyaapaaramudrayaakkunnathu apekshakal pinvalikkumennum bhaviyil athinte vipanana saamagrikalile 'soshyal enterprise' enna paraamarshangal neekkam cheyyumennum seyilsphozhs ariyichu.
hibrid roopangal.
swakaarya, pothu, laabhechayillaatha samghadanakalude vyathyastha roopam sweekarikkaatha samghadanakale hibrid oorganaiseshanukalaayi tharamthirikkunnu. niyamaparavum nikuthiparavumaya aavasyangalkkaayi, hibrid foomukale labhathinaayulla sthaapanangalaayi tharamthirickunnu. rund pradhana tharam hibrid oorganaiseshanukal ell3sii allengil loow profit limittad layabilitti kambani, benifit korppareshan (bii-corp) ennivayaanu. saamoohikamaayi prayojanakaramaaya lakshyangal kaivarikkuka ennathaanu ell3siyude pradhana lakshyam. parimithamaaya baadyathayulla oru kambaniyude saambathikavum vazhakkamullathumaya nettangal upayogappeduthunnathiloodu avarkk eee lakshyangal nedaan kazhiyum. ell3sii maathrkayude upayogathinu amgeekaaram nalkia samsthaanangal moonnu aavasyakathakal sthaapichittundu jeevakaarunya allengil vidyaabhyaasa aavasyangalkkaayi pravartthikkuka, varumaana ulppaadanathinalla, rashtreeya allengil niyamanirmmaana ajandayude poortheekaranatthinalla. oru "pothu prayojanam" nedunnathino srishtikkunnathino pravartthikkunna oru korppareshanaanu "benifit korppareshan" allengil bii-corp.
swaadheenangal.
aarogya, punaradhivasa pravarthanangalil earppettirikkunna thozhilaalli sahakarana samghangale oru saamoohika samrambhamaayi nirddeshikkunna aadyathe academic prabandham 1993 ll prasidheekarichu. italiyile 'redu belttil' (ekadesham 7,000 thozhilaallikalum 8,000 saamoohika sahakarana samghangalum) sahakarana vikasanathinte vyapthiyum samyojanavum saamoohika sambadvyavastha gaveshakarude ems shringalayude roopeekaranathinu prachodanamaayi, avar pinneedu swaadheenamulla engleesh bhasha prasidheekaranangaliloode ukeyilekkum yooroppinte mattu bhaagangalilekkum bhasha vyapippichu.
nilavile charchakal.
saamoohika samrambham aadyamaayi uyarnnuvannappol, pandithochithamaaya saahithyathinte bhooribhaagavum saamoohika samrambhathinte pradhana savisheshathakalum nirvachanangalum nirvachikkunnathil shradha kendreekarichu. saamoohika samrambhakathva mekhalayude aavirbhaavathekkurichum saamoohika samrambhakathva samghadanakalude aantharika maanejmentinekkurichum kooduthal saahityavum gaveshanavum nilavil undu. saamoohika samrambhangalude eratta uddeshya dauthyangal kaaranam, sthaapitha bisinus modalukalude saadhaarana maanejment thanthrangal samghadanakalkku nerittu upayogikkaan kazhiyilla. rund pirimurukkangalum thammil santhulithaavastha kaivarikkunnathil saamoohika samrambhangalude vijayathekkurichulla munkaala anukoolamaaya kazhchappadukalkkethire sameepakaala academic saahityam vaadikkukayum pakaram saambathika sthirathaykku anukoolamaayi saamoohika dauthyam vittuveezhcha cheyyappedunnuvennu vaadikkukayum cheythu. saambathika sthirathayekkaal saamoohika nanmaykku munganana nalkunnathu yukthisahamaya sthaapana maanejmentine ethirkkunnu, ithu saadhaaranayaayi saambathikavum laabhavum thedunna lakshyangalkk munganana nalkunnu. thalphalamaayi, sthaapanathinte lakshyangalil yojikkunna pankaalikal (maanejment) muthal oru karmapadhathiyil viyojikkunna maanejment, sthaapanathinte lakshyangalil viyojikkunna pankaalikal vare vyathyastha maanejment prasnangal uyarnnuvarunnu. chila saamoohika samrambhangal ore mekhalayilum vividha mekhalakalilum pankaalittham etteduthittundengum mattullava swathanthramaayi pravartthikkunnathu thudarunnu.
saamoohika samrambha maanejmentile pirimurukkangalude tharangal.
pirimurukkangale naalu vyathyastha vibhagangalaayi thirichirikkunnu prakadanam, samghadippikkal, swanthamaakkal, patanam.
austreliyayil.
saamoohika samrambham' enna padavali austreliyayil puthumayullathaanenkilum, saamoohika samrambhangalude samakaalika moolyangalum thathwangalum sanbradaayangalum 60,000 varshathilereyaayi aacharikkappedunna australiyayile aadya janathayude samskaaravumaayum aithihyavumaayum shakthamayi poruthappedunnu. athupole, australiyayile kudiyetta janasamkhyayude sthaapanathil saamoohika samrambhakathva reethikal saadhaaranamaayirunnu. oostreliyayude suburban bhooprakrithi adayaalappeduthunnathu aathidhyamaryaada, patanam allengil community adhishtitha samrambhangal enniva pravarthippikkunna klabbukalum associationukalum ulkkollunnathum saamskaarikamaayi shakthippeduthunnathumaaya thozhil reethikal aanu.
saamoohika samrambhangalkk sweekarikkaan kazhiyunna roopangalum avar pravartthikkunna vyavasaayangalum vaividhyapoornnavum saamoohika samrambhangale nirvachikkunnathum kandethunnathum ennunnathum ellaayppozhum oru velluviliyaanu. 2009ll saamoohika vyapaarikal queensland yooniversitti oof teknolajiyil australian sentar phoor laundrophery aandu nonprofit stadeesumaayi (eiii. sii. pii. enn. ezz) pankaalittham vahikkukayum saamoohika samrambhathe nirvachikkukayum austreliyayil aadyamaayi saamoohika samrambha mekhalaye thirichariyukayum mapp cheyyukayum cheiyunnu athinte vyaapthi, athinte vaividhyamaarnna roopangal, vyapaarathinulla kaaranagal, athinte saambathika manangal, vyakthikalkkum samoohangalkkum saamoohika samrambhangal prayojanam nedaan lakshyamidunnu.
oostreliyayude soshyal enterprise sector (phases) padhathi 2010 juunil athinte anthima report thayyarakki. australian soshyal enterprise academic professor joou baarakett aanu padhathikku neethrthwam nalkiyathu. saamoohika samrambhangalilo avarodoppamo pravarthikkunnavarkku bodhapoorvam bodhapoorvam nalkaavunna vidhathil saamoohika samrambhangale nirvachikkanulla uddeshyamaanu eee australian gaveshanathinte pradhana savisheshathakalilonn. athinaal saamoohika samrambhakar, gaveshakar, prasakthamaaya nayaroopeekaranakkaar ennivar 'saamoohika samrambham' enna padam enthaanu ardhamaakkunnathennu paryavekshanam cheiyunnathinum parishodhikkunnathinumulla varkshoppukal gaveshana roopakalppanayil ulppedunnu. thathfalamaayundaaya nirvachanam ithaanu saamoohika samrambhangal thaazhepparayunna samghadanakalaanu
impact researchinulla mapp.
2017ll swinbane sarvakalaashaalayile saamoohika swaadheena kendram victoriyayile saamoohika samrambhangalude samagramaya oru mapping padhathi etteduthu. mapp phoor impact' report victoriyayil maathram 3,500 saamoohika samrambhangale thiricharinju, 60,000-thiladhikam aalukalkk allengil samsthaanathe thozhilshakthiyude 1.8 sathamaanam perkku jolie nalkunnu.
victoriyayude saamoohika samrambhangal victoriyayude sambadvyavasthaykku motham ulppaadanathil 5.20 bilyan dollariladhikam sambhavana cheiyunnu. praadeshika uthppaadanam, krishi, aathidhyamaryaada, professional sevanangal enniva muthal-avaa praadeshika aavasyangal niravettunna praadeshika samrambhangal mathramalla, anthaaraashtra thalatthil vyapaaram nadathunna moonnilonnu vyaapaaravumaanu.
parambaraagatha vaanijya bisinasukalil ninnu vyathyasthamayi, victorian saamoohika samrambhangal manahpoorvvam advaanikkunnavayaanu, avarude thozhil shakthiyude anupatham avaa uthppaadippikkunna motha samsthaana ulppaadanathinte ekadesham eratti anupaathathinu thulyamaanu.
victoriyayile saamoohika samrambhakarude 20 sathamaanam amgavaikalyamullavaraanu (athaayath.iii. 12, 000 jolikalum) 7 sathamaanam jolikalum munbu deerghakaala thozhilillaayma anubavikkunna aalukalaanu nadathunnathu.
desheeyathalathil 20,000-thiladhikam saamoohika samrambhangal undennu swinbane sarvakalashaala kanakkakkunnu. athinte victorian vishakalanathe adisthaanamaakki, ithu vishadeekarikkaam
mapp phoor impact' pinthudarnnu victorian sarkkar saamoohika samrambha gaveshanathinteyum arivinteyum shekharanatheyum pankidalineyum pinthunaykkunnathinaayi kooduthal gaveshanavum digital plaattphomukalum kammeeshan cheythu. soshyal enterprener evidence space (sease) oostreliyayude soshyal enterprise communitic vendiyulla oru thuranna gaveshana vediyaanu.
soshyal enterprise praakteeshanar netvarkkukal.
soshyal enterprise praakteeshanarmaar australiyayile oro samsthaanathum pradeshathum professional netvarkkukal roopeekarichittundu. 2020ll avar chernnu eee mekhalaykku oru deseeya shabdam roopeekarichu, soshyal enterprise nettvarkkukalude sakhyam austreliya (asena). uyarnnuvarunna nettvarkkukalude samoohathinaayi vaadikkunnathinum sahakarikkunnathinum vibhavangal pankidunnathinumaayi asina oru federal chaanal nalkiyittundu.
australiyayile soshyal enterprise netvarkkukalil ninnulla prathinidhikale asina orumichu konduvarunnu
bisinus chaaritiyum thammilulla bandhatthil othucherunna parisheelakarudeyum praaptharudeyum samoohathe bandhippikkunnathinum valarthunnathinum soshyal enterprise netvarkkukal oru savishesha idam srishtikkunnu. udaaharanathinu, senvichinte vaarshika avalokanam <aii. dii. 1> athinte 700 amgangalil sarkkar, bisinesses, jeevakaarunya pravartthanangal ennivayil ninnulla 250 associate amgangalundennu rekhappeduthunnu. sarkkaarine sambandhichidatholam, saamoohika sambharana chelavu vaividhyavalkkarikkunnathi saamoohika naveenashayangal paryavekshanam cheiyunnathino pariharikkaanaavaathatho dushtamo aaya prasnangal kaikaaryam cheiyunnathinulla naya sameepanagal parivartthanam cheiyunnathino ulla avasarangal network srishtikkunnu. bisinassinaayi, netvarkkukal prachodanam nalkunnu, vaanijyaparamaayi labhakaramaaya saamoohikamo paaristhithikamo aaya susthira pravarthanangaliloode bisinesses naveekaranangal pradarshippikkunnu, jeevanakkaare prachodippikkunnathino vikasippikkunnathino allengil csr thanthrangal vaividhyavalkkarikkunnathi ulla srishtiparamaaya vazhikal. jeevakaarunya pravarthanangalil, saamoohika samrambhangalkk nannayi manassilaakkukayo amgeekarikkukayo cheiyunnilla. saamoohika samrambhaka shringalakalude sahakaranaparamaya chathuryam prayojanappeduthunnathi saamoohika naveenashayangal kandethunnathinum shaashvathamaaya sisttam level swaadheenam srishtikkunnathinum netvarkkukal avasarangal nalkunnu.
saamoohika samrambhaka shringalakal aavirbhaavathinte vyathyastha ghattangalil aayirikkumbol, deseeya samoohathinte ellah bhagangalkkum mattullavaril ninnu prayojanam nedaan prapthamaakkunna sahakaranm, shringhala kettippadukkal pariseelanam, rahasyaanveshanam, vibhavangal pankidal ennivaykkaayi asina oru chaanal nalkunnu. vishaalamaayi paranjaal, netvarkkukalkku anchu pravarthanangalundu
2017ll aadyathe saamoohika samrambhakathva thanthram purathirakkukayum athinte swatantra parisheelakarude neethrthwathilulla shringalaye (senvik) sthaapikkunnathinum valarunnathinum pinthunachukondu victorian sarkkar desheeyathalathil oru pradhana punk vahichittundu. senvik victoriyayilum desheeyathalathilum eee mekhalayude pakwathayum valarchayum thwarithappeduthukayum randaamathe thanthramaaya soshyal enterprise straattaji 2021-25 vikasippikkunnathil pradhana punk vahikkukayum cheythu. 450 ladhikam kaazhchakkaarude vertual prekshakarkku thanthram avatharippikkunathinu purame, aikyaraashtrasabhayude asosiyeshanumaayi sahakarichu yuenninte susthira vikasana lakshyangalumayi edapazhakal prolsaahippikkaanum pinthunaykkaanum senvik deseeya forangale praapthamakki.
victorian soshyal enterprise straattaji 2021-25 anthaaraashtra prashamsa nedukayum 2022 juunil victorian sarkkaarin kaattalist 2030 gavanment award labikkukayum cheythu.
oorjjaswalavum swathanthravumaaya parisheelakarude neethrthwathilulla shringalayude kendrapankinulla sarkkar pinthunayode, sisttam-shifting network nirmmikkunnathinulla oru karmapadhathiyumaayi 2022 ll senvik athinte aadyathe multy-iyar straattaji aarambhichu.
deseeya saamoohika samrambhakathva thanthram.
oru deseeya saamoohika samrambhakathva thanthram vikasippikkaanum victoriyayileyum queenslandileyum sarkkaarukalude nettangal prayojanappedutthaanum eee mekhalayumaayulla australian sarkkar pankaaliye shupaarsha cheytha pradhaanamanthriyude saamoohika swaadheenam nikshepa taskfozhsinu samarppikkuka ennathaayirunnu asenayude aadya pravrithi. oru deseeya thanthrathilekkulla mekhalayude neethrthwathilulla yaatra aarambhikkunnathinayi engleesh famili foundeshan, oru jeevakaarunya fund ekopippichu oru sahakarana padhathi roopeekarichu. griffith sarvakalaashaalayile younus sentar australiyayilum videshathumulla saamoohika samrambha mekhalayiludaneelam gaveshanam nadatthi. gaveshanam rund bhagangalaayi avatharippikkunnu
eee mekhalayude vaividhyam eduthukaanikkunna report, oru deseeya thanthrathinum pankitta lakshyangalkum saamoohika samrambha mekhalayile mikacha ekopanathinum vyapakamaaya pinthuna sthireekarichu. 2022ll eee mekhalayumaayulla koodiyaalochana aarambhichu.
oru deseeya saamoohika samrambha sensasinte abhaavathil, idanilakkaar vivarangalude oru pradhana uravidam nalkunnu. 2015ll aarambhicha inpect investment ready groth graantil, bhooribhaagam saamoohika samrambhangalum australian samsthaanangalaaya victoria, nyoo southu weils, queensland ennividangalilaanu kendreekarichirikkunnethu abhiprayappettu. eee graantukal sweekarikkunnavar kaanikkunnath saamoohika samrambhangal laabhathinupakaram maathram pravarthikkunnuvennum avaa saamoohikavum paaristhithikavumaaya naveekaranangal valarthukayum avarude jeevanakkarkkum upabhokthakkalkkum samoohangalkkum utharavaadithamullavayaane. samghadanayude nadatthippil aalukalkk nerittulla shabdam nalkaan kazhiyunna oru bisinus model avar vaagdaanam cheiyunnu.
australiyayile chila janapriya saamoohika samrambhangalil nandi, oru vidditham, strett, nishidha kaalayalavile uthppannangal, nalla cycleukal, wangard alakkal, goodwill wine enniva ulppedunnu.
saamoohika samrambhathinte nirvachanam asaina samsthaana, praadeshika shringalakalum sweekarikkunnu, palarum uddeshamullathum ennaal ithuvare yogyathaa maanadandangal paalikkaathathumaaya valarnnuvarunna saamoohika samrambhangale swaagatham cheiyunnu. soshyal tradermar austreliyayil soshyal enterprise certification nalkunnu.
vadakke amerikkayil.
america.
oru adisthaana aavashyathe abhisambodhana cheiyunnatho vipani nayikkunna sameepanathiloode oru saamoohikamo paaristhithikamo aaya prashnam pariharikkunnatho aaya samghadanakalaanu oru "saamoohika samrambham" ennu saamoohika samrambhakathvam nirvachikkunnu.""
yuu. eiii. yill.rund vyathyastha swabhaavasavisheshathakal saamoohika samrambhangale mattu tharatthilulla bisinasukal, laabhechayillaathava, sarkkar ejansikal ennivayil ninnu verthirikkunnu
american aikyanaadukalil, "saamoohika samrambhakathvam" ennathu "saamoohika samrambhakathvam" ennathil ninnu vyathyasthamaan, ithu bii corp kambanikal, saamoohika utharavaadithamulla nikshepakar, "nettathinaayulla" samrambhangal, naalam mekhalayude samghadanakal, pradhana korppareshanukalude csr sramangal, "saamoohika naveenashayakkaar" thudangiya vaividhyamaarnna kalikkaare vishaalamaayi ulkkollunnu. itharathilulla sthaapanangalellaam saamoohika aavasyangal palavidhatthil neridunnundengilum avar avarude uthppannangaliloodeyo sevanangaliloodeyo allengil avar jolie cheiyunna pinnaakkarude ennathiloodeyo saamoohika aavasyangal nerittu abhisambodhana cheiyunnillenkil avarkk saamoohika samrambhangalayi yogyatha labikkilla.
2019ll dii gruter prasidheekaricha oru prabandham anusarichu, amerikkayil saamoohika samrambhangal abhimukeekarikkunna chila pothu velluvilikal-niyamaparamaaya roopam, bharana velluvilikal, aaghaatham alakkunnathinulla budhimuttukal, vyakthamaaya swathuathinte abhavam, mooladhanam kaivarikkunnathile prasnangal, maanejment pirimurukkangal ennivayaayirunnu.
nammil, saamoohika labham saamoohika samrambhakathva bisinasukalkku moonnaam kakshi accreditation vaagdaanam cheiyunnu.
canada.
kaanadayile soshyal enterprise kaunsil (sesi) oru "saamoohika samrambhathe" nirvachikkunnath "laabhechayillaatha samghadanakalude udamasthathayilulla bisinasukalaanu, varumanam srishtikkunnathinum saamoohikavum saamskaarikavum koodaathe/allengil paaristhithikavumaaya lakshyangal kaivarikkunnathinumaayi charakkukaludeyum sevanangaludeyum ulppaadanathilum/allengil vilppanayilum nerittu earppettirikkunnu. laabhechayillaatha sthaapanangalkku aarogyakaramaya samoohangalkku sambhavana nalkukayenna avarude dauthyam niravettunnathinulla oru upakaranam koodi saamoohika samrambhangalaan."
kaanadayile saamoohika samrambhangalude savisheshathakal pradeshavum pravisyayum anusarichu saamoohika samrambhangale mattu tharatthilulla bisinasukal, laabhechayillaathava, sahakarana sthaapanangal, sarkkar ejansikal ennivayil ninnu verthirikkunna reethiyil vyathyaasappedunnu
saamoohika sambadvyavasthayile vyathyastha charitraparamaaya vikasana paathakalude falamaayi niyamanirmmanam, dhanasahayam, pinthunaa ejansikal, korpparettu gadanakal ennivayile ganyamaaya praadeshika vyathyaasangal kaanadayiludaneelam kaanaan kazhiyum. britiish columbia, pulmedukal, ontaariyo, cubec, atlaantik canada ennividangalil pothuvaaya praadeshika savisheshathakal kaanaan kazhiyum.
manushyaraashiyude aavaasavyavastha punasthaapikkuka, ivayude print shope njangalum kaanadayil pravartthikkunna chila ariyappedunna saamoohika samrambhangalaan.
eshyayil.
middle eest.
middle eesttil saamoohika samrambhangalkk prathyeka niyamaparamaaya asthithwamilla. mikka saamoohika samrambhangalum kambanikalaayo laabhechayillaatha samghadanakalaayo rajisttar cheiyunnu. saamoohika samrambhangalekkurichu middle eestten raajyangalile sarkkaarukalkk sariyaaya nirvachanamilla.
ennirunnaalum, middle eesttile saamoohika samrambhangal sajeeva vividha mekhalakalilum vyavasaayangalilum naveekarikkunnathumaayavayan. nilavilulla saamoohika samrambhangalil bhooribhaagavum manushya mooladhana vikasanathilaan erppettirikkunnathu. saamoohika lakshyangal kaivarikkunnathinoppam eee mekhalayude aagola malsarasheshi vardhippikkunnathinu aavashyamaaya anubhavangalum vaidagdhyangalum upayogichu palarum nethaakkalude oru vibhaagathe pariposhippikkunnu. eee mekhalayile pravanathakal atharam pravarthanangalkkum pothuve saamoohika samrambhakathvathinum vardhichuvarunna pradhana pankilekkum saadhyathakalilekkum viral choondunnu. saamoohika swaadheenam nedunnathil yuvaakkalkkidayil vardhichuvarunna thaalpparyavum yuvaakkalkkidayil sannadhapravarthanathil valarchayum ithil ulppedunnu.
shwab foundeshante kanakkanusarichu middle eesttil 35 mikacha saamoohika samrambhakarund.
dakshina korea.
niyamaparamaaya pinthuna.
dakshina koriyayil, soshyal enterprise promotion act 2006 desemberil amgeekarikkappedukayum 2007 joolaiyil praabalyatthil varikayum cheythu. 2010 ll ithu bhedagathi cheythu.
article 2 oru saamoohika samrambhathe nirvachikkunnath "saamoohika sevanangal nalkunnathiloodeyum pinnakka vibhaagakkaarkk thozhilavasarangal srishtikkunnathiloodeyum praadeshika nivaasikalude jeevithanilavaram uyarthunnathinulla oru saamoohika lakshyam pinthudarunna charakkukalum sevanangalum uthppaadippikkunnathinum vilkkunnathinumulla bisinesses pravarthanangalil earppettirikkunna oru samghadana, article 7 ll nirddeshichittulla aavashyakathakalkanusarichu saakshyappeduthiya oru samrambham enna nilayil," pinnakka vibhagakkaar "" vipani vilaykk aavashyamaaya saamoohika sevanangal vaangaan budhimuttulla aalukal, athinte vishadamaaya maanadandangal rashtrapathy utharaviloode nirnnayikkum "," saamoohika sevanangal "" vidyaabhyaasam, aarogyam, saamoohika kshemam, paristhithi, samskaaram, mattu sevanangal ennivayil sevanamaayi, athinte vistheernnam rashtrapathy utharaviloode nirnnayikkunnu ".
oro anchu varshathilum (article 5) "saamoohika samrambhangalude pinthunaykkaayi adisthaana padhathi sthaapikkaan" thozhil mantraalayam baadhyasthamaanu, koodaathe samrambhangal mathramalla, sahakarana samghangaleyum laabhechayillaathavayeyum nikuthi kuraykkunnathinu arhatayullah saamoohika samrambhangalayi amgeekarikkaam koodaathe/allengil corian/pravishya sarkkaarukalil ninno sitti kaunsilukalil ninno saambathika pinthuna. 2012 october vareyulla kanakkukal prakaram 680 sthaapanangal saamoohika samrambhangalayi amgeekarikkappettittundu. corian saamoohika samrambhangalil bhooribhaagavum praadhamikamaayi thozhilavasarangal srishtikkunnathil shradha kendreekarikkunnu. happinareyum sundariyaaya storum ulppedunna saamoohika samrambhangale prolsaahippikkunnathi korea soshyal enterprise promotion ejansi sthaapichu.
chaina.
pothujanangalkkidayilo maadhyamangalkkidayilo ithuvare ariyappedaatha aashayamaayirunnenkilum, chainees sarkkar ippozhum "puthiya prathibhasam manasilakkaan sramikkukayaayirunnu" ennumaathramalla, 2012 oode oru aashayamaayi saamoohika samrambhathinte aavirbhavam kaanaan kazhiyumennu gaveshakanaaya meng shaavo parayunnu.
chainayil saamoohika samrambhangalude moonnu roopangal shaavo thiricharinju
staarttap" enna padam upayogikkunnathu engleeshil "enterpriseumaayi" bandhapetta chila aathmaav vahikkunnathinaal, athaayath naveekaranam, risk edukkal allengil "samrambham".
hongong.
hongongil saamoohika samrambhangalkk prathyeka niyamaparamaaya asthithwamilla. avaa saadhaaranayaayi kambanikalaayo laabhechayillaatha samghadanakalaayo rajisttar cheythirikkunnu. hongong sarkkar saamoohika samrambhangale nirvachikkunnath nirddishta saamoohika lakshyangal kaivarikkunna bisinasukaleyaanu, athinte labham pradhaanamaayum ohari udamakalkku vitharanam cheiyunnathinupakaram athu pinthudarunna saamoohika lakshyangalkkayi bisinessil veendum nikshepikkum. sameepa varshangalil, hongongile saamoohika samrambhangal, echu. keey. sii. ezz. esinte saamoohika samrambha bisinus sentar thudangiya samrambha jeevakaarunya samghadanakal ganyamaaya saamoohika swaadheenamulla praayogika saamoohika samrambhangalil nikshepikkunnathinaayi sthaapichittundu.
india.
indiayil, oru saamoohika samrambham laabhechayillaathe pravartthikkunna oru sarkkarithara samghadanayaayirikkaam (enn. jii. oo), palappozhum indian sosaitiis rajistreshan act, 1860 prakaram oru sosaitiyaayi rajisttar cheythirikkaam, vividha indian stettu trastt act, 1956 prakaram rajisttar cheytha oru trastt allengil indian kambani act prakaram rajisttar cheytha sekshan 25 kambani. indiayil niravadhi mathasamghadanakalum shethrangal, palli, gurdwara associationukal thudangiya matha trasttukalum ulppede ekadesham 3 dasalaksham enn. jii. oo. kall undu.saamoohika samrambhangalayi kanakkaakkathavar.
indiayile enn. jii. oo. kall chila sevanangaliloodeyum (palappozhum fund samaaharikkunna paripaadikaliloodeyum saamoohika pravarthanangaliloodeyum) idaykkide uthppannangaliloodeyum fund svaroopikkunnu. ennirunnaalum, indiayil "saamoohika samrambham" enna padam vyaapakamaayi upayogikkunnilla, pakaram enn. jii. oo, enn. pii. oo. ezz (laabhechayillaatha samghadanakal) thudangiya padangal upayogikkunnu, avide itharathilulla samghadanakalkku bisinesses ithara pravarthanangalkkaayi fund swaroopikkaan niyamaparamaayi anuvaadamundu. kuttikalude avakashangalum ningalum yuvaakkalum aikyappettathum avarude sevanangaliloodeyo fund swaroopikkal pravarthanangaliloodeyo (paripaadikal samghadippikkunnathiloode sambhavanakal nalkunnathiloodeyo graantukal nalkunnathiloodeyo) allengil chilappol uthppannangaliloodeyo avarude saamoohikavum paaristhithikavumaaya lakshyangal munnott kondupokunnathinaayi panam swaroopikkunna saamoohika samrambhangalude udaaharanangalaan.
ennirunnaalum, labham undaakkuka enna lakshyathode saamoohika bisinasukalundu, ennirunnaalum praadhamika lakshyam susthiramaaya oru bisinesses modaliloode daaridryam laghookarikkuka ennathaanu. baala vikasa soshyal sarvees sosaitti oof sopper-kaanadayude sahodari samghadanayude abhipraayathil "saamoohika prasnangal pariharikkukayenna lakshyathodeyulla oru hibrid bisinessaanu saamoohika samrambham, athesamayam mattethoru samrambhatheyum pole varumaanavum laabhavum srishtikkunnu. ennirunnaalum, laabhamo saamoohika uddeshyamo thiranjedukkumbol, saamoohika samrambhangalkk saamoohika lakshyamaanu paramapradhanam, athesamayam labham susthirathaykku maathramaayi kanakkaakkappedunnu."
kaarshika mekhalayil, anthaaraashtra vikasana samrambhangal indiayile dasalakshakkanakkinu cherukida karshakare daaridryathil ninnu karakayattan sahaayichittund.
sii. thiricharinjathum vishakalanam cheythathumaaya pyramid (bopu) bisinasukalude ettavum thaazheyaan indiayileyum vikaswara rajyangalileyum saamoohika samrambhangalude mattoru mekhala. keey. pyramidinte adithattil bhagyam" ennathil prahlad. eee adisthaana pravartthanam naveekaranathinteyum academic gaveshanathinteyum sakthamaaya mekhalayude oru springboardaanu.
maleshya.
soshyal enterprise alayans maleshya saamoohika samrambhangale nirvachikkunnath "saambathikamaayi nilanirthaan bisinesses modalukal upayogikkunna saamoohika prasnangal pariharikkunnathin srishticha samghadanakal ennaanu. saamoohika samrambhangal avarude gunabhokthaakkalkk saambathika varumanam mathramalla saamoohika varumaanavum srishtikkaan shramikkunnu."saamoohika samrambhakathva sakhyam maleshya saamoohika samrambhangale laabhechayillaatha samghadanakalil ninnu vyathyasthamayi saamoohika shradha kendreekarikkunna bisinasukalaayi kanakkakkunnu. malaysiayil, saamoohika samrambhangalude oru pradhana sthalamaakaan malaysia sahaayicha niravadhi paripaadikal sarkkar aarambhichu. valarnnuvarunna oru naveekarana rashtramenna nilayil malaysiayude sthaanam shakthippeduthuka ennathaanu maanthrikavidya polulla sarkkar sthaapanangalkkulla dauthyam. praadeshika staarttappukalum saamoohika samrambhangalum vijaykaravum susthiravumaaya bisinasukalilekku pariposhippikkukayum nayikkukayum cheyyuka" ennathaanu maanthrikathayude pradhana douthyangalilonnu. 2017-leeii maanthrikavidyayude oru samrambham impact drivend enterprise accreditation (ashayam) aanu. sessil ninnu uthppannangalo sevanangalo vaangaan kambanikale prothsaahippikkunna 'buy phoor impact' enna paripadiyum majik aarambhichu.
pothu, swakaarya mekhalakalkkidayil bodhapoorvamaaya vaangal swabhaavam prothsaahippikkunnathi samana chinthagathikkaaraaya aalukaleyum samghadanakaleyum shekharikkunnu. eee samrambham "aaghaatham nayikkunna samrambhangaliloode (aii. dii. iii.) susthiramaaya saamoohikamo paaristhithikamo aaya swaadheenam srishtikkunnathinu pothujanangalude vaangal sheshi upayogikkuka enna ashayathe prolsaahippikkukayum pinthunaykkukayum cheiyunnu". 2022 epril 23nuu pradhaanamantri datuk seree ismaayil sabri yacob saamoohika samrambhakathva vikasanathil raajyathin oru puthiya dishaabodham nalki. "puthuthayi aarambhicha saamoohika samrambhakathva pravartthana chattakkood 2030 allengil semi 2030 malaysiayile saamoohika samrambhakathvathinte vikasanathinu oru puthiya deseeya dishaabodham nalkunnu", pradhaanamantri abhiprayappettu. saankethikavidyayudeyum digitalisationteyum poruthappeduthalinekku kooduthal gadanaaparamaaya pariseelanam nalkunnathinum dhanasahaayathilekkum saambathika pinthunayilekkum praveshanam vipuleekarikkunnathinum aabhyanthara, anthaaraashtra vipanikalilekkulla praveshanam nalkunnathinum semi 2030 sahayikkum.
phillippeans.
1999 desemberil soshyal enterprise network enna peril oru group samghadippichu. metro manila aasthaanamaayulla athinte amgangalil saamoohika samrambhakathvathil vishwasikkunna (paavappettavarkk avasarangal srishtichu bisinasukal sthaapikkuka) samrambhakar, executiveukal, academic vidagdhar ennivar ulppedunnu. samana chinthagathikkaaraaya vyakthikalkk avarude thalpparyangal pankidaanum avarude anubhavam mattullavarkk kaimaranumulla oru networking avasaramaan seen surved. athinte oru padhathi oduvil janangalude vikasanathinulla adithara sweekarichu. ithine sahakarana vipanana samrambham ennu vilikkunnu. sahakarana samghangal, sookshuma, cherukida, idatharam samrambhangal ennivayude uthppannangalude vipananathinte aavasyakatha nalkunnathinu maathramaan sii. emm. iii. samarppichirikkunnath.
academyil ninnu, 2000-ll eshya sarvakalaashaalayilum pasaphik school oof maanejmentilum "soshyal enterpreneurship aandu maanejment" enna kozhs aadyamaayi vaagdaanam cheythu. eee kozhs vikasippikkukayum padippikkukayum cheythath doow. jose rene sii. gayo, pinneedu school oof maanejmentinte deane. samrambhakathva maanejmentile baachilar oof sayansile muthirnna vidyaarthikalkkulla oru elective aayi ithu vaagdaanam cheythu. 2001 maarchil eshya aandu pasaphik sarvakalashaalayil "saamoohika samrambhangal paavappettavarkkaayi sambathu srishtikkal" enna vishayathe aspadamaakki oru seminar nadannu.
philippeensile oru saamoohika samrambham jii. economics internaashanal, ink.2009ll sthaapithamaaya laabhechayillaathe pravartthikkunna oru samghadanayaaya avar saamoohika samrambha vikasanathil oru gawad kalinga pankaaliyaanu. oru puthiya thalamurayude nirmmaathaakkale nirmmikkuka ennathaanu avarude dauthyam.
thayland.
thaaylandil saamoohika samrambhakathvam cheruthenkilum valarukayaanu. aagola saamoohika samrambha malsarathinte (jii. ezz. vii. sii-zee) thekkukizhakkan eshyan pankaaliyaanu baankokkile thammasaatt sarvakalashaala. ellah varshavum valarnnuvarunna puthiya saamoohika samrambhangal krishi, saankethikavidya, tourism, vidyaabhyaasam thudangi vividha bisinesses modalukal pradarshippikkunna avarude bisinesses model avatharippikkunnu. 2013ll jii. ezz. vii. sii-seeyude vijayikal vedu (vanita neethrthwa vikasanavum vidyaabhyaasavum), sii. ezz. eiii. manching boxes (krishi) ennivayaayirunnu.
thaaylandile saamoohika samrambhakathva mekhalayile oru pradhana kalikkaaran sahasuneeta shreshtayude neethrthwathilulla chanchfusionaanu. poppuleshan aandu community development association (pii. dii. eiii) sthaapakanaaya mechaay veeravaidyayaanu eee mekhalayile oru pradhana vyakthi.
thaaylandile raajakudumbathile amgangal meeii phaa luwang foundeshan doyi thung enna brand srishtichathupole saamoohika samrambhakathvathil earppettittundu.
singha paarkk chiangray oru saamoohika samrambham koodiyaanu. 8500-raay paarkkilekk vinodasanchaarikale aakarshikkunnathinulla pradhana aashayamaayi paristhithi-kaarshika tourism ashayam ullathinaal 1200 thozhillillaathavar praadeshika janangalkkum avarude kudumbangalkkum varumanam srishtikkunna jeevanakkaraayi maari. aalukal ellah maasavum sthiramaayi shambalam sambaadikkunnathinaal mayakkumarunnu prashnam thadayaan ithu sahayikkuka mathramalla, raajyathudaneelamulla vinodasanchaarikale chiangray pravishya sandarshikkaanum panam chelavazhikkanum eee paarkk aakarshikkunnu.
thayland sarkkar thayland soshyal enterpreneurship oafees (tii. ezz. iii. oo) vazhi puthiya saamoohika samrambhangal srishtikkunnathine pinthunaykkunnu.
europil.
emes.
eee mekhalayile ettavum mikacha europian gaveshana shringhala, aemes, onpathu maanadandangale aasrayikkunna oru nirddeshaathmaka nirvachanathekkaal kooduthal vyakthamaaya nirvachanathode pravartthikkunnu-oru veberian 'anuyojyamaaya tharam':
saambathika maanadandangal
saamoohika maanadandangal
nilavilulla gaveshana pravartthanangal saamoohika samrambhangale palappozhum onniladhikam lakshyangalum onniladhikam pankaalikalum onniladhikam dhanasahaya srothassukalumullavayi chithreekarikkunnu. ennirunnaalum, avarude lakshyangal moonnu vibhagangalaayi vibhajikkappedunnu
atharam academic pravarthanangalkku virudhamaayi, chilappol, "saamoohika samrambham" enna padam vividha europian rajyangalil vividha reethikalil upayogikkunnu.
europian kammeeshan.
2011 muthal 2014 vare nadanna saamoohika bisinus samrambhathinte bhaagamaayi, europian kammeeshan moonnu pradhana maanadandangale adisthaanamaakki inipparayunna nirvachanam vikasippichu saamoohika lakshyam, parimithamaaya labha vitharanam, pankaalittha bharanam
check republic.
check republicil thulyaparipaadiyile vikasana pankaalitthatthil ninnu uruthirinja oru pravartthaka party inipparayunna vyathyasangalil (epril 2008) sammathichu
saamoohika sambadghadana
saamoohika samrambhakathvam
saamoohika samrambham
finland.
finlandil 2004ll oru niyamam pasaki, athu oru "saamoohika samrambhathe" (sosiyaalin yiritts) nirvachikkunnath prasakthamaaya rajisttaril nalkiyittulla eathenkilum tharatthilulla samrambhamaanennum kuranjathu 30 shathamaanamenkilum amgavaikalyamullavaro deerghakaala thozhillillaathavaro aaya jeevanakkaarengilum aayirikkanamennum nirvachikkunnu. 2007 march vareyulla kanakkukal prakaram 50 jeevanakkarulla ettavum valia 91 samrambhangal rajisttar cheythittundu. yuu. keyil atharam "samyojana samrambhangale" verthirichariyaan "saamoohika sthaapanam" enna kooduthal nirddishta padam upayogikkunnu. oru saamoohika samrambhakathvathinte (sosiyaalin yitris) niyamaparamaaya eee nirvachanam yadhaartha saamoohika samrambhakathvathinu finnish bodhatthilum pothu samvaadathilum praveshikkunnathu budhimuttaakki, athinaal oru puthiya padam yethiskunnalinan yritajis (saamoohika samrambhakathvam) feeldile aadyakaala kalikkaar dabbu cheyyukayum prolsaahippikkukayum cheythu. innu eee padam samrambhakar, samrambhakar, sahakarana samghangal, sarkkar samghadanakal ennivar amgeekarikkukayum amgeekarikkukayum prolsaahippikkukayum cheiyunnu. finnish soshyal enterprise research network finsern deseeya anthardesheeya gaveshana daatta shekharikkukayum kaimarukayum cheiyunnu, lokamembaadumulla soshyal enterprise gaveshakarumaayum gaveshana netvarkkukalumaayum bandham nilanirthunnu, koodaathe gaveshanathinulla dhanasahaya avasarangal kandethunnu. finlandile nikshepathinte swaadheenathil thaalparyam vardhichuvarikayaanu.
itali.
2005ll itali oru niyamam pasaki, athinu sarkkar niyamanirmmaana utharaviloode roopavum nirvachanavum nalki. 155, theeyathi 24 march 2006. itaaliyan niyamaprakaaram oru saamoohika samrambham ennathu saamoohika upayogathinulla charakkukalum sevanangalum nalkunna oru swakaarya sthaapanamaanu, athu pothu thaalpparyathinuvendiyaanu pravartthikkunnathu, laabhathinalla.
saamoohika samrambhangal vikasippikkunnathinum saamoohika swaadheenam alakkunnathinumulla shramathil, itaaliyan gavanment varkk playsment ejansiyaaya itaaliya lavoro avarude padhathiyude saamoohika karyakshamatha saambathika veekshanakonil ninnu kanakkakkunnathinulla oru reethi vikasippicheduthittundu. udaaharanathinu, oru bhinnasheshikkaaran jolie nalkunnathinte samoohathinu avar nalkunna saambathika moolyam alakkunnu. 1997 muthal, itaaliya lavoro maanasikavum shaareerikavumaaya vaikalyangal, aarogya prasnangal allengil saamoohikamaayi pinnakkam nilkkunna aalukalkk thozhil nalkunnu. eee lakshyathinaayi, pothumekhalaa thozhil sanbradaayathinte villalukaliloode kadannupoya aalukale cherukida, idatharam laabhechayillaatha samrambhangal srishtikkunnathiloode samoohavumaayi svayam punarsamyojippikkaan avaa sahayikkunnu.
kooduthal saamoohika samrambhangal srishtikkaanum uddeshichulla laabhechayillaatha sahakarana sthaapanamaanu "oru maattam varuthuka". "oru maattam varuthuka" ennathu saamoohika startappukalkku saambathikavum pravartthanaparavum maanejmentumaaya pinthuna nalkunnu. 2010ll avar "aaa varshathe saamoohika samrambhakane" thiranjedukkunnathinulla oru malsarathinte aadya pathipum "lokathile ettavum manoharamaaya jolie" enna thalakkettilulla mattoru malsaravum samghadippichu. bressia pravishyayile muzhuvan chavattukutta jeevithachakravum kaikaaryam cheiyunna saamoohika sahakarana sthaapanamaaya "kautto" aayirunnu eee varshathe aadyathethu. kauttooyile moonnilonnu thozhilaallikalum bhinnasheshikkaaro pinnaakkaavasthayilullavar aanu.
lokathile ettavum manoharamaaya jolie" sammanam nediya kagliyariyil ninnulla "domas dii luna" enna samghathinte "nallathinteyum cheethayudeyum bhakshanashala" aayirunnu. aduthide punaradhivasa paripaadikalil ninnu birudam nediya ammamareyum kuttikaleyum eee bhakshanashalayil niyamikkunnu. 30, 000 euroyude graantum 12 maasathe professional consulting pinthunayum ulppedunnathaanu sammanam. aagola samrambhakathva vaarathinte paripaadiyil puraskaara chadangu ulppeduthi.
yunaittad kingdom.
nirvachanam.
soshyal enterprise yuke, soshyal enterprise maarkk aisi thudangiya yuke soshyal enterprise sector bodikal upayogikkunna soshyal enterprisasinte amgeekritha sarkkar pinthunayulla nirvachanam 2002 leeii department oof trade aandu industry reportil ninnaan varunnath 'soshyal enterprisa vijayathinulla oru thanthram' report ingane
soshyal enterprise" enna yadhaartha ashayam 1978 ll freer spreckly vikasippicheduthu, pinneedu 1981 ll beachwood koleju prasidheekaricha "soshyal ooditt eiii maanejment tool phoor qoo-operative working" enna prasidheekaranathil ulppeduthi. yadhaartha prasidheekaranathil saamoohika ooditt upayogikkunna oru samghadanaye vivarikkaanaan saamoohika samrambham enna padam vikasippicheduthath. oru saamoohika samrambhathe freer ingane visheshippichu
pinneedu, saamoohika samrambhangal alakkaan upayogikkunna saamoohika, paaristhithika, saambathika aanukoolyangalude moonnu mekhalakal triple bottom line ennariyappettu. freer pinneedu saamoohika ooditt kooduthal gadanaaparamaaya reethiyil parishkarichu.
irupathu varshathinu sesham spreckly cliff southkombeyum yuke soshyal enterprise partnership limittadile aadyathe specialist support oorganaiseshan sthaapichu. 1997 maarchil.
britiish pashchaathalatthil, "saamoohika samrambhangalil" community samrambhangal, credit unionukal, chaarittikalude vyapara vibhagangal, jeevanakkaarude udamasthathayilulla bisinasukal, sahakarana samghangal, vikasana trasttukal, bhawana associationukal, saamoohika sthaapanangal, ozhivusamaya trasttukal enniva ulppedunnu.
parambaraagatha bisinasukal avarude labham ohari udamakalkkidayil vitharanam cheyyumbol, saamoohika samrambhangalil micham bisinasinu ulla onno athiladhikamo saamoohika lakshyangalilekk pookunnu-udaaharanathinu paavapettavarkkulla vidyaabhyaasam, vaikalyamullavarkkulla thozhil pariseelanam, paaristhithika prasnangal allengil mrugangalude avakashangal enniva, ithu ellaayppozhum anganeyayirikkilla.
saamoohika samrambhangale palappozhum jeevakaarunya pravarthanangalil ninnum (chaarittikal kooduthalaayi vyaapaarathil ninnulla varumanam vardhippikkunnathinulla vazhikal nokkunnundenkilum) korpparettu saamoohika utharavaadithathekkurithu nayangalulla svakaaryamekhala kambanikalil ninnum vyathyasthamayi kaanunnu. ennirunnaalum, sambadvyavasthayude onniladhikam mekhalakalil ninnulla pankaalikalumaayi pravarthichu saamoohika lakshyathodulla prathibaddhatha prathifalippikkunna vyathyastha oorganaiseshan roopangalkku chilappol kaaranamakunna oru prathyeka tharam vyapara pravarthanamaanu saamoohika samrambham ennathaanu uyarnnuvarunna oru kaazhchappaad.
soshyal enterprise lunden nirvachichathupole saamoohika samrambhangalude moonnu pothuvaaya savisheshathakal ivayaanu
skeyil.
2004ll soshyal enterprise unitinaayi nadatthiya oru sarveyil yukeyil 15,000 saamoohika samrambhangalundennu kandethi (gyaarandi allengil vyaavasaayika, provident sosaittikal parimithappedutthiya kambanikalaayi samyojippichava maathram kanakkakkunnu). ithu yukeyile ellah samrambhangaludeyum 1.2 sathamaanamaanu. avar 450,000 pere niyamikkunnu, avaril moonnil rund bhaagavum muzhuvan samayavum koodaathe 300,000 sannadhapravarthakarum undu. avarude samyojitha vaarshika vittuvarav 18 bilyan poundum sharashari vittuvarav 285,000 poundum aanu. ithil 84 sathamaanavum vyaapaarathil ninnullathaanu. 2006ll sarkkar eee kanakk 55,000 aayi parishkarichu, jeevanakkarulla bisinasukalude udamakalude saambilil nadatthiya sarveyil avaril 5 sathamaanam perr svayam saamoohika samrambhangalayi nirvachikkunnuvennu kandethi. yukeyil ekadesham 68,000 saamoohika samrambhangalundennum avaa yuke sambadvyavasthaykku 24 bilyan poundu sambhavana cheiyunnuvennum ettavum kaalikamaaya kanakkukal soochippikkunnu.
saamoohika sambadvyavasthayude europian union nirvachanam upayogichu, yuke sambadvyavasthayilekku saamoohika samrambhangalude vaarshika sambhavana naaliratti valuthaanu, athaayath 98 bilyan poundu, kaaranam athil manushyante kshemam mechappeduthunnathinaayi charakkukalo sevanangalo uthppaadippikkunna ellah sahakarana samghangaludeyum paraspara samghadanakaludeyum associationukaludeyum sambhavana ulppedunnu.
oro rund varshathilum, soshyal enterprise yuke, yukeyude soshyal enterprise mekhalaye nokkunna ettavum valia gaveshanamaaya stettu oof soshyal enterprise sarveyude kandethalukal nadathukayum prasidheekarikkukayum cheiyunnu. ettavum puthiya reportaaya "janangalude bisinesses" 2013leeii sarveyude kandethalukal vishadamaakkunnu.
shareerangal.
sahakarana samrambhangale pinthunaykkunna samghadanakal thammilulla sahakaranathe thudarnnu 1998laanu yukeyile aadyathe ejansiyaaya soshyal enterprise lunden (sell) sthaapithamaayathu. valarnnuvarunna bisinasukalkku pinthuna nalkunnathinekkaal kooduthal sell cheythu eest lunden sarvakalashaalayil soshyal enterprisesil birudavum (ippol livarpool joonn moors sarvakalashaala niyanthrikkunna) oru "soshyal enterprise jenalum" sthaapikkunnathinu lunden development ejansiyumaayi (lda) pravarthichu thaalpparyamulla oru samooham srishtichu. sell 2,000-ladhikam saamoohika samrambhangaludeyum saamoohika samrambhakarudeyum oru shringhala nirmmikkukayum dii. dablyu. piyude bhaavi thozhil fundinu keezhil 500-ladhikam saamoohika samrambhaka jolikal nerittu madhyasthatha vahikkukayum vietnaam, korea, croatia ennivayulppedeyulla rajyangalil lokamembaadum kansalttansiyum bisinesses pinthunayum nalkukayum cheythu.
brittanile saamoohika samrambha prasthaanatthinte deseeya amgathvavum prachaarana samitiyum soshyal enterprise yuke (suke) (munbu soshyal enterprise sakhyam) aanu, ithu englandinte oro pradeshathum, vadakkan ireland, scotland, weils ennividangalilum samanamaaya grouppukalumaayi bandhappedunnu. syookkinte cheef executive peettar holbrook 2010 januvariyil kentile gillingham aasthaanamaayulla award nediya soshyal enterprisaaya sanlaitt development trasttil ninnu chernnu. syookkinte chairmaanaaya clair praav livarpoolil blackbane house enna saamoohika samrambham nadathunnu.
anthaaraashtra thalatthil labhyamaya oreyoru saamoohika samrambha amgeekaaramaaya saamoohika samrambha chinnathinum saamoohika samrambhangalude svarnnamudraykkum utharavaadiyaaya accreditation bodiyaanu soshyal enterprise maarkk sisi. ohari udamakalude laabhathekkaal saamoohika swaadheenam vardhippikkunnathinu samarppichirikkunna, mathsaraadhishtithavum susthiravumaaya bisinasukalaayi saamoohika samrambhangalude kazhivukal amgeekarikkunnathinum prolsaahippikkunnathum ithu nilavilundu. saamoohika samrambhakathva bisinesses model akraditteshaniloode dhaarmikavum vishwasaneeyavum vaanijyaparavumaayi thudarunnuvennu ithu urappaakkunnu. nilavil 200-ladhikam samghadanakalkku soshyal enterprise maarkk/gold maarkk accreditation undu. moolyanirnnayathinteyum accreditation prakriyayudeyum melnottam vahikkunnath oru swatantra certification paanalaan, ithu soshyal enterprise maarkk/gold maarkk maanadandangal karsanamaayi prayogikkunnundenn urappaakkunnu.
2002ll naashanal kaunsil phoor volundary oorganaiseshans (enn. sii. vii. oo) susthira dhanasahaya padhathi sthaapichu. future bildezhs englandu, centrica, chaarity baank ennivayil ninnulla fandukal upayogichu, eee padhathi swamedhayaa ulla grouppukalilekkum chaarittikalilekkum vyapaaram nadathunnathiloode susthiratha enna ashayam prothsaahippichu. 2005 muthal, enn. sii. vii. oo. sannadhamekhalayile vyapara pravartthanangale soochippikkaan soshyal enterprise enna padam upayogikkaan thudangi.
2002-ll britiish sarkkar oru ekeekritha saamoohika samrambhakathva thanthram aarambikkukayum englandilum veyilsilum athinte nadappaakkal ekopippikkunnathinaayi oru saamoohika samrambhakathva yoonit (senu) sthaapikkukayum cheythu, praadhamikamaayi saamoohika samrambhakathva vikasanathe pinthunaykkunnathinaayi oru puthiya tharam kambaniyumaayi koodiyaalochikkuka. oru koodiyaalochanaykk sesham (thaazhe sii. aii. sii kaanuka), naya vikasanathe kooduthalaayi swaadheenichathu jeevanakkaarude udamasthathayilum sahakarana mekhalakalilum uthbhavichathinekkaal parambaraagatha "laabhechayillaatha" mekhalayile samghadanakalaanu. kansaltteshanekkurichulla 2003 dii. tii. aii report sannadhamekhalayile chaarittabil trasttukaludeyum kuda samghadanakaludeyum asamamaya swaadheenam kaanikkunnu, report thayyarakkunnathinidayil purogamanaparamaaya jeevanakkaarude udamasthathayilulla samghadanakalude shabdangal paarshwalkkarikkapetnetne ippol thelivukal nilavilundu.
aadyam trade aandu industry departmentinullil (dii. tii. aii) sthaapithamaaya eee soshyal enterprise yoonit 2006ll kaabinat offeesinte keezhil puthuthayi srishticha moonnaam mekhalayude offeesinte bhaagamaayi.
vishalamaaya koodiyaalochanakalethudarnnu, senu eathu niyama maathrkayil ninnum swathanthramaaya oru vishalamaaya nirvachanam sweekarichu. eee aksharaartha nirvachanathil gyaarandi, vyaavasaayika, provident sosaittikal ennivayaal parimithappedutthiya kambanikal mathramalla, oharikal, incorporate cheyyaatha associationukal, pankaalitthangal, eaka vyapaarikal ennivayaal parimithappedutthiya kambanikalum ulppedaam.
2012 eprilil pradhaanamantri david cameron lokathile aadyathe saamoohika nikshepa mothakkachavadakkaaranaaya bigg sosaitti kyaapittal aarambhichu. motham 600 dasalaksham poundu mooladhanam upayogichu, saamoohika samrambhangalkkum jeevakaarunya pravarthanangalkkum community grouppukalkkum panam vaaypa nalkunna idanilakkaarkku ithu fund vitharanam cheyyum.
scotland.
skotlandil, saamoohika samrambham oru kaimaattam cheyyappetta pravarthanamaanu, ithu scotish gavanmentinte vihithathinte bhagamaanu. pravartthanangal ekopippikkunnathu scotish soshyal enterprise sakhyamaanu, boudhika neethrthwam nalkunnathu dicklan jonsinte directorshippin keezhil sthaapithamaaya herriet-vaatt yooniversittiyile (eddinberg) soshyal enterprise instityoottaanu. eddinberg aasthaanamaayulla senscoat, sahasthaapakanaaya laurence demarcoyude prathivaara imeyil bullattin ulppede vividha pravarthanangaliloode saamoohika samrambhakare pinthunaykkunnu. soshyal enterprise akkadami skotlandiludaneelam "neethrthwam, enterprise, soshyal impact prograamukal enniva nalkunnu", koodaathe development trasts association scotland qoo-operative development scotland kooduthal pinthuna nalkunnu.
community thaalpparya kambanikal.
community interest kambani (sii. aii. sii) enna peril oru puthiya niyama roopavum yuke vikasippicheduthittundu. kambaniyude udamakalude nettatthinupakaram samoohathinte nettatthinaayi pravartthikkaan aagrahikkunnavarkkaayi prathyekamaayi roopakalppana cheytha oru puthiya tharam limittad kambaniyaanu six. ithinartham oru prathyeka vyakthiyude allengil oru koottam aalukalude vyakthiparamaaya nettatthinaayi maathram oru sii. aii. sii roopeekarikkaano upayogikkaano kazhiyilla ennaanu. laabhathinte 35 shathamaanamaayi nalkenda laabhavihithathinte alavu niyamanirmmanam parimithappedutthukayum vyakthikalkkulla varumanam baank adisthaana nirakkinekkaal 4 shathamaanamaayi parimithappedutthukayum cheiyunnu.
oharikal kondo gyaarandi kondo parimithappedutthaavunna sii. aii. sii. xinu, niyamanirmmanam anuvadikkunnathu ozhike, aasthikalum laabhavum vitharanam cheiyunnathu thadayunnathinaayi niyamaparamaaya "asattu loock" undaayirikkum. ithu aasthikalum laabhavum community aavasyangalkkaayi sii. aii. sii. kku ullil nilanirthukayo allengil mattoru sii. aii. sii allengil chaarity polulla mattoru asattu-locked oorganaiseshanilekku maattukayo cheiyunnuvennu urappaakkunnu. rashtreeya pravartthanangale pinthunaykkaan oru cic roopeekarikkaan kazhiyilla, koodaathe oru chaarity kambaniyaaya oru kambani athinte chaarittabil padavi upekshichillengil athu oru cic aakaan kazhiyilla. ennirunnaalum, oru chaarity oru aisi oru subsidiary kambaniyaayi rajisttar cheyyaan apekshikkaam.
saamoohika sthaapanangal.
thozhil vipaniyil gurutharamaayi pinnakkam nilkkunna aalukalkk thozhil srishtikkunnathinaayi prathyekamaayi sajjeekaricha oru saamoohika sthaapanamaanu yukeyile mattoru tharam saamoohika samrambha vibhaagam.
aafrikkayil.
kenia.
keniyayil, pala enn. jii. omarum janangalude jeevitam mechappeduthunnathinna bisinus modalukal upayogikkunnu, pradhaanamaayum grameena keniyayil. cherukida karshakarumaayi marangal nattupidippikkukayum samskaricha marangalkk uyarnna moolyamulla vipanikal axus cheyyaan praapthamaakkunnathin sambadvyavasthakal upayogikkukayum cheiyunna oru saamoohika samrambhamaya komasayanu ithinte oru udaaharanam. ithinte mattoru udaaharanam ardha varanda kizhakkan pravisyayaaya keniyayil kalavastha vyathiyaanam laghookarikkunnathinulla padhathikal nadathunna rais keniyayaan. parambaraagathamaayi neythu cheiyunna sthreekal thalasthaana nagariyaya neyrobiyilum europileyum americayileyum videsha vipanikalilum vipananam cheiyunna uthppannangal nirmmikkunna neythu padhathikalum avar nadathunnu.
oru ekkar fund, naru internaashanal, live & kicking enniva ulppedunna keniyayile mattu vikasana-adhishtitha saamoohika samrambhangalil neyrobiyile thunnal kendratthil ninnu 200,000-ladhikam sports bolukal nirmmichittundu. mobail phoon vazhi saambathika edapaadukal sugamamakkunna emm-pesayaan keniyayude saamoohika samrambhangalil ulppedunnathu.
internettu connectivity, computer hardware thudangiya adisthaana soukaryangal ulppeduthikkondu keniyayile saamoohika samrambham valarnnu. ivayil randennam, ihab, nailb enniva saankethika samrambhangalude kendrangalaanu, kenia, achirachics ennivayude aii. sii. tii bordumaayi sahakarichu thaanda polulla samrambhangalund.
sambia.
aafrikkayude bhooribhaagatheyum pole, sambiayile saamoohika samrambhangal palappozhum susthiramaaya thozhil srishtikkunnathil shradha kendreekarikkunnu. liv aandu kicking 2007ll luzakayil oru thunnal kendram sthaapichu, athil 50 thunnalukal upayogikkukayum prathimasam 2,000 sports panthukal uthpaadippikkukayum cheiyunnu. saambaikkukal avarude luzaka faaktariyil ninnu 'saambulansukalum' mulayil ninnu nirmmichavayum ulppede niravadhi cycleukal nirmmikkukayum moonnu thalatthilulla mechanic pariseelanam nalkukayum cheiyunnu.
laattin amerikkayil.
chili.
saamoohika ulcherkalum saamoohika samrambhangaliloode svakaaryamekhalayude kooduthal vikasanavum chili prothsaahippikkunnu. uthppaadanakshamatha, naveekaranam, valarchaa ajanda ennivayude bhaagamaayi saamoohika samrambhangalkkulla pinthuna ulppeduthiyittundu, 2014 num 2018 num idayil 15 kodi dollar nikshepamulla 47 nadapadikalum 10 billukalum 37 bharanaparamaya samrambhangalum undu.
chiliyile saamoohika samrambhangal sahakarana samghangal, associationukal, praivat limittad kambanikal allengil korppareshanukal thudangi vividha roopangal sweekarikkunnu. saamoohika samrambhangalude avakashangalum kadamakalum sthaapikkunna oru puthiya niyama roopam srishtikkunnathinaayi sambadvyavastha mantraalayam oru niyama padhathi vikasippichukondirikku.
saamoohika samrambhangale pinthunaykkunnathinaayi sarkkar niravadhi samrambhangal aarambhichittund. udaaharanathinu, chilian saambathika vikasana ejansiyaaya corfo saamoohika naveekarana paripadi, saamoohika naveekarana staarttap prograamine pinthunaykkunnathinaayi vazhakkamulla asaigneshanaayi vithu subsidy thudangiya paripaadikal nadappaakkiyittund. eee paripaadikaliloode avar saamoohika samrambhakarkk vithu mooladhanathilekkum saamoohika samrambhakare pinthunaykkunna inkubettarukalkku saambathika pinthunayilekkum praveshanam nalkiyittundu. koodaathe, daaridryam kuraykkaanum yuvaakkale shakthippeduthaanum lakshyamitulla parihaarangalude vikasanathe pinthunaykkunnathinaayi saamoohika vikasana mantraalayam maas pore chili (chiliye sambandhichidatholam kooduthal), incubia fund thudangiya matching graant fandukalum prothsaahippichu.

