
pennington, hamshire

munkaala kottaaratthinte athirthikale adisthaanamaakki nirvachichirikkunna englandile puthiya phoorast distriktaaya hamshareile oru wardaanu (electoral, eklisistikkal) pennington. vadakku upper pennington thekk lover pennington ulla pennington graamam vaardinte madhyathilaanu. 2011 leeii sensus prakaram 6,060 janasamkhyayulla ithu limmington pattanathinaduthulla solant theerapradeshathulla puthiya vanathinte thekke attathaanu, athumaayi limmington, pennington sivil edavaka pankidunnu.
padinjaaru eavan vellathinum kizhakk yaldhurst aruvikkum edayilulla terrous peedabhoomiyilaanu pennington sthithi cheiyunnathu. penningtoninte thekkan theeradesha athirthiyaanu solant. vadakke athirthi swe rodaanu. bowling greeninte kugramam athirthiyile upper penningtonilaanu.
avalokanam.
wardine moonnu vishalamaaya mekhalakalaayi tirikkaam 
upper penningtonile bhoomi upayogam kooduthalum kaarshikavum paarppidavumaanu. upper penningtonilaanu gordalttan industrial estettu sthithicheyyunnathu, koodaathe vividha bisinasukalude aasthaanavumaanu. 
lover pennington oru solar phaam, oru jalasamskarana pravartthanangal, oru recycling sentar, chila landfill sittukal, niravadhi faamukal ennivayulppede pradhana praadeshika adisthaana soukaryangalude aasthaanamaanu. lover penningtonilaanu oakhaaven hospice sthithi cheiyunnathu.
irupathaam noottaandiludaneelam pradhana paarppida vikasanam kendreekarichirunna pradhana charitraparamaaya vaasasthalamaanu pennington graamam. penningtonile bhooribhaagam schoolukalum penningtonile mikka kadakalum graamathilaanu sthithi cheiyunnathu. 25 meter indor neenthalkkulam, sports haal, jiim, aastro-turf football pitch ennivayulla oru ozhivusamaya kendravum pennington graamathilundu.
kaayika enangalkkum praadeshika saamoohika paripaadikalkkum upayogikkunna thuranna sthalangalaanu pennington kooman, pennington recreation graundu.
charitraparamaayi eee pradeshathe ettavum valia uppuvellamulla edangalaaya pennington, ooksi chathuppukal pakshinireekshanam, nadattham, malsyabandhanam, photography, saikling ennivaykkulla janapriya sthalangalaanu.
pennington kooman, upper kooman enniva prathyeka shaasthreeya thaalpparyangalude ('sssis') niyukta saittukalaan. pennington, ooksi chathuppukale 11 niyukta ezz. ezz. ezz. sii. aayi thirichirikkunnu (chuvade pattikappedutthiyirikku paraamarshangal).
puthiya phoorast distrikt kaunsilinte 2014leeii praadeshika padhathiyum praadeshika padhathi avalokanavum mukalilum thaazheyumulla pennington pradeshangaliludaneelam ganyamaaya vikasanam nirddeshikkunnu. bhaaviyile vikasanathinu roopam nalkunnathinaayi limmington pennington taunn kaunsilum oru ayalpakka vikasana padhathi thayyarakkunnu.
kadakalum bisinessukalum.
pennington graamatthile chathuratthinu chuttum kadakalum kurukkan kulatthil nirmmicha kadakalude oru cheria arcade kendreekarichirikkunnu.
naalu pothubhavanangalund 
lover penningtonil oru camping caravan saittum undu. pradeshathudaneelam kidakka, prabhaathabhakshanam, avadhikkala kottejukal ennivayum undu.
upper penningtonile gordalttan industrial estettil chila valia thozhiludamakalundu. niravadhi enchiniyaring bisinasukalundu. pennington crossil oru petrol steshanundu.
schoolukal.
naalu valia skoolukalundu.
saamoohika soukaryangal.
yaldarst paathayude moolayilulla vanita instittyoott haal 1925 ll instittyoottinte antharicha treasurer lady nora braandinte (sarr vilyam coningham greeninte makal) smaranaykkaayi thurannu. 2021ll haal vilppanaykku vachirunnu.
janasamkhyaashaasthram.
penningtonile 2011 leeii sensus prakaram, <aii. dii. 2> aalukal vivaahitharaanu, 9.9% ethirlingakkaarumaayi sahavasikkunnu, 0.6% ore lingakkaaranaaya pankaaliyodoppam thaamasikkunnu, <aii. dii. 1> avivaahitharaanu, orikkalum vivaham kazhichittilla allengil rajisttar cheythittillaatha swavarga pankaalitthatthil, 9.7% verpeduthappedukayo vivaahamochanam nedukayo cheiyunnu. 390 vidhavakalaan penningtonil thaamasikkunnath.
vidagdha vyapaarangal <aii. dii. 5>, professional <aii. dii. 7>, paricharanam, ozhivusamayavum mattu sevanangalum <aii. dii. 1>, praadhamika <aii. dii. 4>, praadhamika bharanavum sevanavum <aii. dii. 3>, maanejarmaar, directormaar, muthirnna udyogasthar <aii. dii. 2>, paricharanam nalkunna vyakthigatha sevanam <aii. dii. 6>, administrative, sekratteriyal 8.9%, associate professional, saankethika 8.3%, vilppana, upabhokthru sevanam 8.3% ennivayaanu penningtonile aalukal pattikappedutthiyirikku mikacha thozhilukal.
pennington kristhyaaniyaanu, oru mathavumilla, 0.40% budhamathakkaaraanu, 0.20% joothanmaaraanu, 0.01% musleengalaanu, 0.01% hindukkalum, 0.01% anjeyavaadikalumaanu.
469 perr oru mathavum paranjittilla. 19 pere jeddy naittayi thiricharinju.
sent maarkk palli.
graamathinullil pennington komaninte thekke attathu sthithi cheiyunna sent marks palli winchester roopathayude (charchu oof englandu) bhagamaanu.
paristhithi.
bhoomishaasthram.
penningtonin keezhilulla adithara avashishtamaan, ithu hedoon, oosboon kidakkakalude bhagamaanu. kalimannu, cheli, manal enniva kondaanu ithu nirmmichirikkunnathu. ekadesham 37 muthal 40 dasalaksham varshangalkk munbu praadeshika paristhithiyil chathuppukal, azhimukhangal, delttakal enniva aadhipathyam pulartthiyirunna paliyojeen kaalaghattatthilaanu ithu roopappettathu.
praadeshika paristhithi munbu nadikalaal aadhipathyam pulartthiyirunna quaternary kaalaghattatthil 3 dasalaksham varshangalkk munbu manalinteyum charal avashishtangaludeyum nadeethada nikshepangal roopappettu. eavan vellavum yaldhurst aruviyum vellathinadiyilaaya sthalangalil, nadeetheerathinu sameepam neriya cheliyum kalimannum nikshepikkappedukayum vellapokka samathalamaaya vandalmannu roopappedukayum cheiyunnu.
padinjaaru eavan vellathilekkum kizhakk yaldhurst aruviyilekkum ozhukunna swaabhaavika jalapathakalaaya aazham kuranja charivulla kulangalulla vishalamaaya paranna peedabhoomiyilaanu pennington sthithi cheiyunnathu. samudranirappil ninnu ekadesham 24 meter uyarathilaanu sent marks palli sthithicheyyunnathu, athesamayam gordalttan bisinus paarkk samudranirappil ninnu ekadesham 28 meter uyarathilaanu.
pennington chathuppukal.
penningtonin thekk bhaagath praadeshika uppu vyavasaayathin munbu lavanangalayi upayogichirunna chathuppunilatthinteyum veliyetta manninteyum pradeshamaaya pennington, ooksi chathuppukal sthithicheyyunnu. iva valia vadakkan solant chathuppukalude bhagamaanu.
praadeshika pakshinireekshakarum photographermaarum eshtappedunna pradeshamaanith, koodaathe niravadhi vyathyastha tharam pakshikale ivide kandethiyittundu.
ekadesha paatha, oru praadeshika theeradesha paatha, kadalmathilin mukalilulla pradeshathiloode kadannupokunnu. hamshire kaundi kaunsil paripaalikkunna sainpost cheytha nadattham, saikling, oottam vazhikalum undu.
puthiya phoorast naashanal paarkk authoritic chathupp pradeshathinmel aasoothrana adikaaram undu.
kadaltheerathinu purathulla mankattakalum uppu chathuppukalum hamshare ail oof vaitt wildlife trasttum paattatthinu nalkukayum avayude keyhaven, pennington chathuppukal reserve roopeekarikkukayum cheiyunnu.
pennington, ooksi chathuppukale prathyeka shaasthreeya thaalpparyamulla 11 niyukta saittukalaayi thirichirikkunnu (naachural englandu websait referenceukal 3,4,7,8,9,10,12,17,18,19,23 enniva kaanuka).
pennington kooman.
pennington kooman, upper kooman enniva prathyeka shaasthreeya thaalpparyamulla nirddishta saittukalaan (naachural englandu websait referenceukal 197,198,199 enniva kaanuka).
2016-leeii brittanil pennington kooman silver gilttum "kooman oof dhaa iyar" ennum rettucheythu-thekk, thekk kizhakk.
avoon vellam.
puthiya vanathinte thekk-padinjaaran attathu ozhukunna oru cheria thadamaanu eavan nadeethadam. ithu barliyude thekkan paridhikkullil ninnu uthbhavich kizhakode ozhukukayum holmsley bogg ozhukukayum cheiyunnu. voottan copsise inclosurinteyum broadly inclosurinteyum arikukal pinthudarnnu nadhi athinte yaatra thudarunnu, avide athu paraambuleshan athirthi kadakkunnathinu munbu ganyamaayi nereyakkiyathaayi thonnunnu. eee ghattathil ninnu ithu swe thadaakangaliloode krishibhoomiyiloode ozhukukayum keehevanile solantil praveshikkunnathinu munbu penningtoninte padinjaaran bhaagathekku (penningtoninte padinjaaran athirthi roopappeduthunnu) kadannupokukayum cheiyunnu.
yaldhurst stream.
eee pradeshathiloode kadannupokunna oru cheria aruvi yaldhurst copsil ninnu vadakkott ozhuki yaldhurst krishiyidathinu kuruke oru cheria thaazhvarayilekku ozhukunnu. eee aruvi valarekkaalamaayi buckland/limmington pennington thammilulla athirthi nirvachikkunna audyogikamaayi kanakkaakkappedunnu (aruvi stanford kunninte bhaagamaakunnathuvare).
charithram.
charitraatheethakaalam (bii. sii. 500,000-AD42).
2009ll heritteju lottari fund, engleesh heritteju, kraun estettu, hamshire kaundi kaunsil, phooli aasthaanamaayulla exon mobil ennivayude pinthunayode puthiya phoorast naashanal paarkk authority theeradesha paithruka padhathi sthaapichu. puthiya vanatheerath kandethiya vaividhyamaarnna puravasthugaveshanangal padhathi rekhappeduthiyittundu.
onnaam ghattam (mesha adisthaanamaakkiyulla anweshanam), randaam ghattam (feeld varkk) padhathikal patana mekhalaykkullil manpathrangal muthal upekshikkappetta graamangalum kottakalum vareyulla 2,900-ladhikam puraavastu sthalangal thiricharinju. reportinte anubandham bii yill, milford-oonn-zee muthal elmezhsu court vareyulla theerapradesham vilayiruthappedunnu, koodaathe penningtaninekkurichu prathyekamaayi niravadhi paraamarsangalundu.
pennington, limmington pradeshangalil charithraatheethakaalatthe 12 aadyakaala kaii kodaalikal kandethiyittundenn puraavastu rekhakal soochippikkunnu.
penningtonile lover faamil nadatthiya khananathil charithraatheethakaalatthe manushyarude pravartthanangal (kathikkarinja oru kunnu) kandethi.
aadyakaala navashilaayugam manushyarude pravartthanangal lover penningtonil oru kuzhiyude aavaranathiloode theliyikkappedunnu. oru venkalayuga mothira kuzhiyum rekhappeduthiyittundu rekhappeduthiyittundu 2009 leeii patanam athu kandethiyilla.
aadyakaala charitraparamaaya (eiii. dii. 43-eiii. dii. 409).
eee kaalaghattatthile rund kallu kothiya thalakal orikkal penningtonile lover faamil ninnu kandethiyathayi report soochippikkunnu. ennirunnaalum, aduthulla bucklandilum ampressilum ozhikeyulla vaasasthalangalonnum ariyilla.
madhyakaalakhattam (AD410-1539).
lover penningtonile maanar faamil nadatthiya khananathil aduppukal, kuzhikal, postholukal ennivayulppedeyulla madhyakala vaasasthalangalude thelivukal kandethi.
thaazhnna pennington pradeshathe vyapakamaaya bhakshya ulppaadanathinu thaazhathe krishiyidathil kandethiya chuttupaadukalum vahana paathakalum thelivaanu.
praadeshika vyavasaayathinte ettavum uyarnna samayat lover penningtonile ooksi chathuppunilamaayirunnu praadhamika uppu ulppaadana kendramennu report parayunnu. pennington, ooksi salt varkkukalekkurichulla kooduthal charchakal chuvade nalkiyirikkunnu.
yaldhurst.
yaldharst graamathe kurichu thaazhikakkudapusthakathil paraamarshikkappettittundum athu athinekkaal munbe thirichupokunnu. highcliffe, beckley, hinton enniva upayogichu ithu puthiya vanamaaya 'nooru' roopeekarichu, saaksan kaalaghattatthil nooru kudumbangal ulkkollunna kaundiyude vibhajanam.
edward kanfesarinte (1003-1066) bharanakaalathu, bhoomi "brixy" yude kaivashamaayirunnu, anchu thoonukal vilayiruthi. pazhaya engleesh niyamathil oru veedinu mathiyaya bhoomiyude variable unitaayirunnu oru oli. ennirunnaalum, yaldhurstinte ("sildeest" pathinonnam noottaand) estettu 1086-ll cheria allengil 'ilaya' alveric kaivashappeduthiyirunnu.
vettayaadal samrakshanathinaayi vilyam puthiya vanam srishtichathinaal, moonnu yaldhurst tholikal vanathinte bhaagamaayi mariyathinaal randennam maathrame pulmedaayi avasheshichulloo (orupakshe krishi cheythirikkaam).
madhyakala vaasasthalamaaya yaldhurstinte sthalam arcum ariyillengilum innu eee peru yaldhurstinte muun phaam housilum (oru listt cheytha kettidam) pennington komanil ninnu athilekku nayikkunna paathayilum samrakshikkappedunnu.
penningtonile manners.
pennington ippol puthiya phoorast distriktaaya hamshareinullile oru prathyeka wardanengilum noottaandukalaayi ithu oru prathyeka menaraayirunnu.
panthrandaam noottaandil eee maanar penittan ennum 1272ll penington ennum rekhappeduthiyittundu. 1066 leeii norman adhiniveshathethudarnnu brittaniludaneelam samanamaaya sthalanaamangal kaanapedunnu. ardham oru famsted (allengil settilment/enclosure) ennaanu.iii. oru paisayude vaadaka nalkia oru "tyoon".
13-aamm noottaandil dii claresinte kaivashamulla pennington maanar, 1499-ll salisburyile earl vadhikkappettathinethudar kireedatthilekku kadannupokunnathuvare avarude pingaamikal melnottakkaraayi thudarnnu.
dii clairil ninnu oru naitts feesinaayi pennington kaivasham vacha aadyathe record cheytha naittaan joonn dii aaktan. joonn dii aaktan gloucestershayarile irumbu aakdanil ninnullayalaayirunnu, athu addeham ithinakam kaivashappeduthiyirunna oru mainer (ippol oru graamam) aayirunnu.
pathinalam noottaandinte thudakkathil, joonn dii aaktan estettine moonnu bhagangalaayi vibhajichu, athil rund bhagangal joonn neernoyittino nervattino kaimarukayum orennam thanikkayi sookshikkukayum cheythu. joonn narvatt taamasiyaathe oru bhagam joonn dii aakdaninu thirike nalkiyengilum athinusesham estettu pothuve moonnilonnaayi vibhajikkapettu. joonn naarvattinte udamasthathayilullathu pathinaram noottaand muthal pennington naarvettinte mainer ennariyappettu.
praadeshika gavanmentinte parinamam.
oru milford, pennington edavaka kaunsil 1894-lum oru prathyeka pennington edavaka kaunsil 1911-lum roopeekarikkappettu. 1932-ll prathyeka pennington edavaka limmington baroyil layippichu.
1972 leeii local gavanment aaktinte nibandhanakal prakaram 1974 epril 1 nuu limmington baroo nirthalaakkappedukayum charter trasttikalulla puthiya vanaa jillayile oru paazhillaatha pradeshamaayi maarukayum cheythu. eee pradeshathe pinneedu nyoo milttan, limmington, pennington, milford-oonn-zee, hordle ennee naalu sivil paarishukalayi vibhajichu, thudarnnu limmington, pennington taunn kaunsil roopeekarichu.
2005 maarchil puthiya phoorast naashanal paarkk authority sthaapithamaayathode, penningtoninte bhooribhaagavum (pennington kooman, pennington chathuppukal) athorittiyude aasoothranathinum bhoomi niyanthranathinum keezhilaanu.
millukal.
effordilum gordlettanilum rund madhyakala millukal ippozhum sthalangalaayum perukalaayum nilanilkkunnu.
avoon vellathinu kuruke weinsfordil undaayirunna millinethudarnnu upper kooman nyoo mill kooman ennu vilikkapettu. ithu 1841-2 dasaamsha bhoopadatthil kaanaan kazhiyum.
pally sabhaa edavakayum.
1285 muthal ariyappedunna aadyakaala rekhayaaya penningtonil oru chantry chappal undaayirunnu. chaappalinte adavosan penningtonile moonnu prabhukkanmaarude bhagamaayirunnuvennum chaappal merii magdaleynin samarppichirunnuvennum thonnunnu. chaappalinte avasaanamaayi soochippicha rekhakal kaanikkunnath athu <aii. dii. 1> pidichedutthathine athijeevichuvennaanu. penningtonile aadyathe edavaka palli, vishudha markinu samarppichirikkunnath 1839-ll sthaapikkappettu. pallikku pakaram <aii. dii. 2> nuu chuttumulla nilavile kettidam sthaapichu.
uppuvellam.
pathinettaam noottaandinte bhooribhaagavum pennington limington aayirunnu raajyathe kadal uppinte pradhana ulppaadakar. kuranjathu 1217 muthal noorukanakkinu varshangalayi eee theerangalil nilaninnirunna oru vyavasaayamaayirunnu ithu, orupakshe roman kaalam muthalullathaanu.
limmington muthal thuppal vare anchu mile theerapradeshathu thudarchayaayi uppu velakal nadannirunnu. ooksi, pennington chathuppukal sthithicheyyunna rund mile veethiyum araa mile veethiyumulla pradeshathaanu ettavum kooduthal saandrata.
pennington oormmippichu-oru chithraathmaka oormmappeduthal" ennathil, joonn steefans vivarikkunnu, "penningtoninte eee bhagam athra manoharamallaatha oru kaalamundaayirunnu.. uppu nirmmaanamaayirunnu valia praadeshika vyavasaayam. chathuppukalkkarikiloode samudrajalam suuryan baashpeekarikkunna uppuvellathottikalum ravum pakalum pukayunna kalkari choolakal anthimamaayi verthirichedukkunna chuttuthilakkunna veedukalum undaayirunnu, ithu theerapradeshathu malinamaaya manam undaakki..."
1694-ll philipp phaal ezhuthiyathu, pennington chathuppukale "shudhajalamillaatha ettavum anarogyakaramaaya sthalamaayi" kandu.. ayal chathuppil ninnu uyarunna durgandhamulla neeravi, puka ennivayodoppam.""
steefanmaar parayunnathanusarichu, 1845-ll chesheyaril ninnu daathukkalude akshayamaaya vitharanam nalkaan kazhiyumbol kadal uppu ettedukkal oduvil upekshikkappettu. angane oru valia praadeshika vyavasaayam avasaanichu, 1217-ll henry dii pondinu penningtonile uppu, raajaavinte kaikalilekku eduthirunna sambathu enniva thirike nalkaan sherifinode utharavittathayi nammodu parayapettu.'"
pennington, limmington uppu vyavasaayathinte thakarchaykku kadal uppinu chumathiya theeruva oru pradhana sambhavanayaayi mattu niroopakar udharikkukayum 1845 vare oru praadeshika vyavasaayathin nilanilkkaan kazhinjathil athbhutham prakadippikkukayum cheiyunnu.
kallakkadathu.
pathonpathaam noottaandinte pakuthi vare (c. 1845) penningtonile ettavum labhakaramaaya vyavasaayangalilonnaan kallakkadathu.
pennington chathuppukalil bottukal vazhi brandy kegukal thaazhnna jalanirappilekku konduvarum. kayar upayogichu, purushanmaar kegukale theerathekku valichizhakkukayum kazhuthayilum vandiyilum saadhaarana allengil mukalile penningtonilekku kondupookukayum cheyyum. upper komanilo aduthulla bovezhs copsilo ulla pazhaya maarl kuzhi priyappetta oli sthalangalaanennu manassilakki (bovezhs cops pinneedu aprathyakshamaayenkilum pradeshatthinte pazhaya bhoopadangalil kaanichirikkunnu).
pennington oormmippichu" ennathil, joonn steefans ezhuthunnu, romamullah kuttikkaadukalil unakkaan alakkikkond (graamatthile sthreekal avarude saadhaarana varumaanathin poorakamaayi saadhaaranayaayi cheiyunnathupole) sthreekal avarude washing baaskattukalil brandy kuppikal maraykkukayum avarude upabhokthaakkalilekku kondupokunnathinulla oru maargamaayi vesham dharikkukayum cheiyumennu.
onnaam lokamahaayudham, mahaayogam.
"1914ll ekadesham 202 veedukalil thamasikkunna 809 aalukalulla oru cheria gramamaayirunnu pennington. eee cheria ennathil, varshaavasaanathode 94 perr sainyathilo royal neviyilo sevanamanushtikkukayum 1915 maarchode ennam 120-nuu aduthethukayum cheythu. nirbandhitha sainikasevanam nalkiyaal, yudhaavasaanathode unifom dharicha 160 oolam purushanmaar undakumaayirunnu.""
penningtonin 36 pere mahaamahaayudhathil nashtamaayi.
penningtons thyagam inn dhaa grettu vaar" enna kokram, steefans, vilyams ennivarude pusthakam aaa sahapravarthakareyum graamajeevithathil avar vahicha pankukaleyum vivarikkunnu. mahaayudhathethudarnnu pennington komaninte oru bhagam pallithottam vipuleekarikkaan kondupoyi. oru pothuyogatthinu sesham eee sthalathinte madhyathil yudhasmaarakam sthaapikkaan theerumaanichu. aaa yudhathil veeramrithyu varicha 27 pennington purushanmaarude perukal athil undu.
praadeshika arivu.
britiish sainyathile avasaanathe yuddham.
pashchaathalam.
kyapttan vilyam henry suuppar 1775-ll barbadosile sent michaelsil janichu. 1797 october 3-nuu landanile maarilebon roadile sent maariyil amelia aan reenagaline addeham vivaham kazhichu; aarr kuttikalude pithaavaayirunnu addeham.
1795ll royal skotsil (athaayath "phastt rejiment oof phoott") addeham thante sainikajeevitam aarambhichu, aaa samayat "vestt indeesil swathanthramaayi janicha karuthavareyum adimakaleyum niyamikkunnathinte" utharavaaditham addehathinundaayirunnu.
1790 muthal vestt indeesil kaaval nilkkunna aadya bataaliyan 1797ll upekshikkappettu. athinaal, medittareniyanile randaam battaliyanil cherumbol suuppar avide rund varsham sevanamanushtichu. eee samayathinte adisthaanathil, 1799leeii hollandile anglo-russian adhiniveshathil egmond opu zee yudhathilum 1801leeii abookir yudhathilum alexandria yudhathilum addeham avarumaayi pooraadumaayirunnuvennu njangal manassilakkunnu.
1801ll britiish offeesarmaarude chumatala franch rajakeeya kudiyettakkaaril ninnu chaasiyezhs britanics yoonit roopeekarikkukayum yudhangaliludaneelam sevanamanushtikkukayum cheythu. suupar oru udyogasthanaayi chaasiyezhs bridaanikkukalil cherukayum pinneedu athinte shambalakkaaranaakukayum cheythu.
upadveep yudhathinte pilkkala ghattangalil pankedukkunnathuvare 1811 vare eee yoonit pradhaanamaayum meditareniyanil sevanamanushtichu. yudhathil ithinu nalla record undaayirunnuvenkilum pinneedu upekshikkunnathinu kuprasidhamaayi, pikkattukal olichodippokumenna bhayathaal outpost duty nadatthaan polum anuvadichilla. poraattangalkkidayil, rejimentukal vaitt dveepilum chaanal dveepukalilum nilayurappikkukayum athe varsham octoberil pirichuvidunnathinumbu 1814 ll limingtoninte videsha depoyil nilayurappikkukayum cheythu.
penningtonil valarekkalam munbu ninnulla bhagangal" ennathil, joonn steefans rekhappeduthunnathu 'eee raajyathinte napolean adhiniveshathinte samayat pourasainya samghangal pothusamoohatthil camp cheythirunnu ennaanu. <aii. dii. 1>-num idayil franch kudiyettakkaar thekkan theerathu udaneelam erangaan thudangi. eee samayat, ayal pattanamaya limmington jarmman, dutch, engleesh, franch yuddha yoonittukalude prakshubdhavum aniyantrithavumaaya oru janakkoottathinu oru kuppiyaayirunnu.
yudhayudham.
soopparinte saakshyam anusarichu, adjattant dieterich addehathe parasyamaayi apamaanichirunnu. theerchayaayum, oru soopparinu, addeham oru dvamdvayudham vaagdaanam cheythillengil addehathinu thante kammeeshan nashtappedum! oru dvamdvayudham nirasikkunnath addehathinte purushathvathinum prashasthikkum gurutharamaaya praharamayirikkum.
eathutharam vyakthiparamaaya tharkkangalum apamaanavum pariharikkunnathinulla ettavum manyamaaya maargamaayi pistalukalumaayi yuddham cheiyunnathaayirunnu athuvare kanakkaakkiyirunnath ennathu oormmikkendathaanu. prathyekichum, sainyam eee paarambaryatthe pothujanangalekkaal valarekkalam 'sajeevamaayi' nilanirtthiyirunnu.
1814 epril 15 nuu, rund yudhayudhakkaarum, avarude sahayikalumaayi, allengil "secondukal", oru nyayamaaya poraattam urappakkaan, pennington komanil oru thavana pariharikkanum avare bhinnippicha paraathikal pariharikkanum koodikkaazhcha nadatthi.
dieterich aadyam vedivachu; ayalkku athu nashtamaayi. thudarnnu suuppar thante shoat eduthu. vediyunda dayatterichinte iduppiloode addehathinte nattellilekku pooyi; vediyunda maarakamayirunnu.
vichaarana.
doubleuech soopparinte vichaarana raajyathudaneelamulla pathrangalil report cheyyappettu.
soopparine winchester asaisile juurii arast cheyyukayum vichaarana cheyyukayum cheythu. jadji sarr justice echu. dampier adhyakshatha vahichu.
soopparinu bharya kuttikalum undaayirunnu, kuttavimukthano hraswa thadavo pratheekshichirunnuvena juurii 'kolapaathakakkuttam' vidhi thirichuvittu. suuppar bodham nashtappettu, pakshe pinneedu, 'dayaneeyamaayi', mapp paranju, maranam yudhathilaanennum vestt indeesile kaalaavasthaye abhimukeekarikkukayaanennum thanikk bhayamillenn paranju.
addeham prathishedhichu 'ettavum neechanaaya kuttavaaliyeppole njaan vadhathilekku nayikkappedumo'.
oru maanyanaayathinaal, justice dampier anubhavam prakadippichuvenkilum vadhasiksha nadappaakki! jooriye abhisambodhana cheythukondu, samanamaaya sameepakaala kesukalil kodathikku sainyathile maanyanmare durbalamaaya reethiyil ninnu thadayaan kazhinjillennu justice vilapichu; oru dvamdvayudhathil pankedukkunna ellah vyakthikalum, prinsippalukalaayo secondukalaayo, eathenkilum kakshikalkk maranamundayaal, daivathinteyum manushyanteyum niyamangal anusarichu, manahpoorvvam kolapaathakathinu kuttakkaaranaayirikkanamenna vishadeekarichu, athu oru aaveshakaramaaya nimishatthinte ashradhamaaya pravrithiyalla, marichu pothuve manappoorvvam thanutha rakthathil cheythathaanu.
august 27nuu venalkkaalath soopparinte vadhasiksha nadappakkaan theerumaanichirunnu.
shikshaavidhikk sheshavum aaa varsham august 4 oode, pothujanangalil ninnum sainyathil ninnum soopparinu mapp nalkanamennu aavasyappettu winchester asaisinu anchu nivedanangal labhichu. nivedanangal vannath
sooparinu mapp nalkaan neethi thante adikaarangal upayogichu. mattoru vidhathil paranjaal avan athil ninnu rakshapettu!
pistalukalumaayulla avasaanathe yudhayudham 1854 layirunnu, ennaal suuppar vichaaranayethudarnnu (samanamaaya mattu sambhavangal) ithinu munbu britiish sainyathil ithu pothuve niyamavirudhamaayirunnu. britiish armi maasikayaaya 'dhii sylgier' kyapttan ezhuthiya oru lekhanathil "sainyathinte avasaanathe yudhayudham" ennu prakhyaapichathaayi penningtonil valarekkalam munbu ninnulla snippettukalil joonn steefans rekhappeduthunnu. ooo 'donawan. limingtonile videsha dippo 'valarekkalam kazhinjirunnuvenkilum 1974 vare-athu akramikalaal nasippikkappedunnathuvar-sainyathinte avasaanathe yudhathinte gurutharamaaya oormmappeduthal-joonn diyetterichinte oormmaykkaayi sthaapicha oru kallu-penningtonile pothuyudhatthil veena videsha dippoyude adjattantum.
soopparinu enthaanu sambhavichathu?
maranam vare soopparinu pakuthi shambalam labhikkunnath thudarnnu. addehathinte bhaarya amelia 1859ll englandile braittanil vachu marichu. australiyayile doktaraaya avarude makal australian pathrangalil ameliyayude maranathekkurichu ariyipp nalki.
1815-ll soopparinte makane (vilyam) york chaasarmaarude chihnamaayi niyamichu. 1813 november 13 nuu 'mikacha kuttavaali, marubhoomi' yill ninnu roopeekarikkappedukayum vaitt sainika jayil kappalukalude dveepil kudungikkidakkukayum cheytha 'seeriyal desertezhs' nte eee chelavu corps barbados, sent vinsent, jamaikka, grenada, tobago, gwadelop ennee dveepukalil athijeevikkaano maricano ayachu, avide 26 sathamaanam vijayakaramaayi upekshichu.. 30 sathamaanam perr marichu!
kazhutha nagaram.
pennington praadeshikamaayi kazhutha pattanam ennu vilipperullathaayirunnu. pennington komanil meikkaavunna kazhuthakalude ennamaanu ithinu kaaranamenn praadeshika srothassukalil ninnu manassilakkaam. chathuppil ninnu pradhana roadylake uppu kondupokaan kazhuthakale upayogichirunnu.
bharanam.
praadeshika sarkkar.
penningtoninte pothu sevanangal niyanthrikkunnath rund thalatthilulla praadeshika sarkkaaraan. 
praadeshika prasnangalumaayi bandhappett limmington pennington taunn kaunsilum sahaayikkukayo swaadheenikkukayo cheiyunnu. kaunsil chairmane taunn mayer ennu vilikkaan kazhiyunna oru taunn kaunsil ennariyappedaan kaunsil thiranjedutthittundu.
puthiya phoorast distrikt kaunsililekku rund kaunsilarmaareyum limington, pennington taunn kaunsililekku aarr kaunsilarmaareyum thiranjedukkaan pennington wardinu kazhiyum.
mattu shareerangal.
nyoo phoorast naashanal paarkk authoritic pennington kooman ulppedeyulla upper pennington pradesham, hamshare ail oof vaitt trasttum niyanthrikkunna prakrithi samrakshana kendrathinullile pennington & ooksi marsh eriyakal ennivayulppede penningtoninte bhooribhaagavum aasoothrana adhikaaramund.
residence association, charchu, womens instittyoott, schoolukal, naachural englandu ennivayulppede mattu samghadanakal pennington samoohathil oru pradhana punk vahikkunnu.
thiranjeduppu.
2016 leeii pennington upatheranjeduppu (limmington aandu pennington taunn kaunsil):
limmington, pennington taunn kaunsililekku jacq davis thiranjedukkappettu.
2015 leeii puthiya phoorast jilla kaunsil thiranjeduppu
puthiya phoorast distrikt kaunsilil peningtonine prathinideekarikkaan maikkal vaitt, penni jackman ennivare thiranjedutthu.
2015 leeii limmington aandu pennington taunn kaunsil thiranjeduppu

