maacha

 kizhakkan eshyayil parambaraagathamaayi upayogikkunna prathyekamaayi valarunnathum samskarichathumaaya green tea elakalude nannayi podicha podiyaanu ithu. maachaykku upayogikkunna green tea chedikal vilaveduppinu munbu moonnu muthal naalu aazhcha vare thanalil valarunnu; samskarana samayat thandukalum sirakalum neekkam cheiyunnu. nizhal valarchayude samayat, "camellia sinensis" enna chedi kooduthal tianin, kafeen enniva uthpaadippikkunnu. theyilayilayilayi theyila baagukalilo ninnu vyathyasthamayi upayogikkunnu, kaaranam ithu oru draavakathil, saadhaaranayaayi vellathilo palilo thookkiyidunnu.
parambaraagatha japanese theyila chadangu choodulla chaayayayi maacha thayyarakkal vilambalum kudikalum kendreekarikkunnu, koodaathe dhyanaparamaaya aathmeeyathaye ulkkollunnu. aadhunika kaalath, "mochi", "soba" noodles, green tea iscream, maacha laattas, vividha japanese "vagashi" midaayikal thudangiya bhakshanangalkk ruchi nalkaanum chayam pooshanum maacha upayogikkunnu. chadangukalil upayogikkunna maachaye aachaaraparamaaya grade ennu vilikkunnu, athaayath theyila chadangil upayogikkaan kazhiyunnathra uyarnna nilavaaramullathaan podi. kuranja nilavaaramulla maachaye paachaka-grade ennu vilikkunnu, ennaal maachaykku staanderd vyavasaya nirvachanamo aavashyakathakalo nilavililla.
maachayude mishrithangalkk "chameyi" ("theyilayude perukal") ennariyappedunna kaavyathmaka perukal nalkunnathu onnukil thottangal nirmmikkunnavaro kadayilo mishrithatthinte srashtaavo allengil oru prathyeka theyila paarambaryatthinte grand maasttaro aanu. oru theyila chadangu parambarayile grand maasttar oru mishrithathinu peru nalkumbol, athu maasttarude "konomi" ennariyappedunnu.
charithram.
tang raajavamshathinte kaalath (618-907) chainayil theyila elakal aaviyil vevichu sambharanathinum vyaapaarathinumaayi theyila ishtikakalaakki roopappeduthi. chaaya varuth pulverise cheyth, thathfalamaayundaakunna theyila podi chooduvellatthil thilappichu, thudarnnu uppu cherthaanu chaaya thayyarakkiyathu. soong raajavamshathinte kaalath (960-1279), neeravi thayyarakkiya unangiya theyila elakalil ninnu podi chaaya undaakkukayum theyila podiyum chooduvellavum oru paathratthil orumichu chavacharachu paaneeyam thayyarakkukayum cheiyunna reethi janapriyamaayi.
podi chaaya thayyarakkukayum upabhogam cheyyukayum cheiyunnathu chaan budhamathakkaar oru aachaaramaayi roopappeduthi. chanyuvaan kingui" ("chaan aashramathinte vishudhiyude niyamangal", 1103) enna thalakkettilulla nilavilulla ettavum pazhaya chaan sanyasi coode, theyila chadangukalude maryada vishadamaayi vivarikkunnu.
seen budhamathavum podicha theyila thayyarakkunna reethikalum 1191-ll isaay jappanilekku konduvannu. jappanil ithu seen ashramangalil oru pradhana inamaayi maari, 14 muthal 16 noottaandukal vare samoohathile uyarnna thalangalile amgangal ithu valareyadhikam prashamsichu.
uthppaadanam.
gyokuro" nirmmikkanum upayogikkunna thanalil valarunna theyila elakalil ninnaan maacha nirmmikkunnath. vilaveduppinu aazhchakalkk munbu aarambikkunna maachayude thayyaareduppu 20 divasam vare neendunilkkum, nerittu sooryaprakaasham undakaathirikkaan theyilakkurukkukal moodumbol. ithu valarchaye mandagathiyilaakkukayum chlorophyll alavu vardhippikkukayum elakale pachayude irunda nizhalaakkukayum amino aasidukalude, prathyekichu tianin ulppaadanathinu kaaranamaakukayum cheiyunnu. vilaveduppinushesham, "sencha" (Â) uthppaadanathilennapole elakal unakkunnathinu munbu valachodikkukayaanenkil, phalam "gyokuro" (jaid due) chaaya aayirikkum. elakal varandathaakkaan parannathaakkukayaanenkil, avaa oru paridhivare thakarnn "tencha" () ennariyappedum. appol, "maacha" ennariyappedunna nertthathum thilakkamullathumaaya pacha, talk polulla podiyilekku "tencha" nirmmikkukayum nasippikkukayum kallu kondu podikkukayum cheyyaam.
elakal araykkunnath mandagathiyilulla oru prakriyayaan, kaaranam elakalude sugandham maarathirikkaan millu kallukalkk valareyadhikam choodu labhikkaruth. 30 gram maacha araykkaan oru manikkoor vare vendivannekkaam.
maachayude ruchiye athinte amino aasidukalaanu niyanthrikkunnath. varshavasaanam vilavedukkunna saadhaarana allengil parukkan gradukalekkaal kooduthal theevramaaya maduravum aazhathilulla ruchiyum "maacha" yude uyarnna gradukalkku undu.
"tencha".
"maacha" ennu ithuvare nerttha podiyaayi uruthiyittillatha green tea elakale "tencha" ennu soochippikkunnu, kaaranam elakal arachedukkunnathinuparam unangaan vidunnu. elakalude koshabhithikal ippozhum kedukoodaathathinaal, tencha tea undaakkunnath ilam pacha niratthilulla oru paaneeyathinu kaaranamaakunnu, ithu mattu green tea sathil ninnu kooduthal madhuramulla ruchiyullathaanu, koodaathe uyarnna grade "tencha" elakalkku maathrame athinte poornnamaaya swaadilekku undakkaan kazhiyoo. "tencha" elakal "sencha", "gyokuro" thudangiya mattu theyila elakalude pakuthiyaanu, athinaal mikka "tencha" brewin eratti elakal aavasyamaanu. 40 muthal 70 gram vare "tencha" elakal maachayilekku araykkaan ekadesham oru manikkoor edukkum, podi ooksidais cheyyaan thudangunnathinaal "tencha" podi roopathil nilanilkkunnidatholam kaalam maacha athinte puthuma nilanirthunnilla. japanese theyila chadangu "tencha" kudikkunnathum undaakkunnathum parambaraagathamaayi nirodhichirikkunnu.
gradeukal.
vaanijyaparamaaya parigananakal, prathyekichu japanu purathu, gunanilavaaratthe soochippikkunna "gradeukal" anusarichu maacha kooduthalaayi vipananam cheyyappettu.
thaazhepparayunna padangalil "aachaaraparamaaya grade" jappanil amgeekarikkappettilla, ennaal "phudu grade" allengil "paachaka grade" aanu.
pothuve, maacha mattu tharatthilulla green teeyumaayi thaarathamyappeduthumbol chelaveriyathaanu, ennirunnaalum athinte vila athinte gunanilavaaratthe aasrayichirikkunnu. ulppaadana reethikalum upayogikkunna ilaya elakalum kaaranam uyarnna gradukalkku vila kooduthalaanu, athinaal avaykku kooduthal athilolamaaya ruchiyundu.
kaattechin saandrata ilayude praayathe valareyadhikam aasrayichirikkunnu (ila mukulavum aadya ilayum epigallokaadechin gaalattil sambannamaanu), ennaal kaattechin alavu sasya enangalkkum sasyangal thanalil valarunnundo ennathinum idayil valareyadhikam vyathyaasappedunnu.
maachayude vila kurayunnathanusarichu kafeen, free amino aasidukal, tianin, vitaamin sii ennivayude ulladakkam kuranjuvennu phalangal kaanikkunna maachayude vividha gradukalude raasaghadanakal padichu.
theyilakkunjile sthaanam.
theyilakkurukkil "tencha" ennathinu uddeshichittulla elakal edukkunnathu vividha tharam maachakalkku pradhaanamaan. chediyude mukalil valarunna mriduvum minusamarnnathumaaya elakal uyarnna grade maachaykku upayogikkunnu, ithu mikacha gadanaykkum ruchiykkum kaaranamaakunnu. thaazhnna gradukalkku, kooduthal vikasithamaaya pazhaya elakal upayogikkunnu, ithu avaykku manal ghadanayum alpam kayperiya ruchiyum nalkunnu.
prosessinginu munbu chikitsa.
parambaraagathamaayi, "sencha" elakal purathu thanalil unakkukayum orikkalum nerittu sooryaprakaasham ealkkukayum cheiyunnilla; ennirunnaalum, ippol unakkal kooduthalum veedinakathekku neengunnu. eee chikilsayude falamaayi gunanilavaaramulla maacha oorjjaswalamaaya pachayaanu.
kallu arachedukkal.
sariyaaya upakaranangalum saankethikavidyayum illaathe, maacha "katthi" pookukayum gunanilavaaram kurayukayum cheyyum. saadhaaranayaayi, jappanil, prathyekamaayi roopakalppana cheytha graanait kallu millukalude upayogathiloode ithu kallu kondu oru mikacha podiyaayi maarunnu.
ooksideshan.
grade nirnnayikkunnathinulla oru gadakamaanu ooksideshan. ooksijan exposure cheytha maacha eluppathil vittuveezhcha cheyyappettekkaam. ooksidaisd maachaykku prathyekamaaya pullu polulla manamum mangiya thavitt-pacha niravumundu.
parambaraagatha thayyaareduppu.
maacha thayyarakkunnathinulla rund pradhana vazhikal saadhaaranamallaathavayaanu.
upayogikkunnathinu munbu, maacha palappozhum oru arippayiloode koombaarangal takarkkaan nirbandhikkunnu. saadhaaranayaayi stainless steel aaya prathyeka arippakal ithinaayi labhyamaan, avaa oru mikacha vayar-mesh arippa oru thaalkkaalika sambharana kandeynarum samyojippikkunnu. arippayiloode chaaya nirbandhikkaan oru prathyeka thadi spatula upayogikkunnu, allengil arippaykku mukalil oru cheria, minusamarnna kallu sthaapikkukayum upakaranam soumyamaayi elakkukayum cheyyaam.
oru japanese theyila chadangil aricha maacha vilambanamenkil, athu chaakki ennariyappedunna oru cheria theyila kadiyilekku vaykkum. allengil, arippayil ninnu nerittu oru chaavanayi mattaam.
parambaraagathamaayi "chashaku" enna mulla scoop upayogichu ekadesham 2 muthal 4 gram vare maacha paathratthil vaykkukayum thudarnnu ekadesham 60-80 millie chooduvellam cherkkukayum cheiyunnu.
gyokuro polulla mattu japanese chaayakal kuranja thanuppicha vellam upayogichaanu thayyarakkunnathu, jappanil, thaapanila samaanamaayi shupaarsha cheiyunnathupole kuravaanengilum thilaykkunna pooyintinu thottaduthulla vellathilaanu maacha saadhaaranayaayi thayyarakkunnathu.
"usucha" allengil nerttha chaaya, ekadesham 1.75 gram (koombaaramulla "chashaku" scoop, allengil ekadesham araa tablespoon) "maacha", oru sevanathinu ekadesham chooduvellam enniva upayogichu thayyarakkunnu, ithu kudikkunnayalude munganana anusarichu (allengil prathyeka chaaya sanbradaayathinte paarambaryamanusarichu) nura undaakkaano illayo cheyyaan kazhiyum. "usucha" bharam kuranjathum alpam kayperiyathumaaya oru chaaya srishtikkunnu.
"koyicha" allengil kattiyulla chaayaykk ganyamaayi kooduthal "maacha" aavasyamaanu (saadhaaranayaayi podi erattiyaakkukayum vellam pakuthiyakkukayum cheiyunnathinekkurichu): ekadesham 3.75 gram (3 koombaaramulla "chashaku" scoopukal, allengil ekadesham oru tea spoon) "maacha", 40 millie (1.3 floss) chooduvellam oru sevanathinu, allengil 6 tea spoon muthal kapp vellam vare. thathfalamaayundaakunna misritham ganyamaayi kattiyullathayathinaal (draavaka theninu samanamaaya sthirathayode), ithu kalarthunnathinu nura ulppaadippikkaatha mandagathiyilulla, elakkunna chalanam aavasyamaanu. "koyicha" saadhaaranayaayi pazhaya theyila marangalil ninnulla (30 varshathil kooduthal) kooduthal chelaveria maacha upayogichaanu nirmmikkunnath, angane "usucha" yekkaal mriduvum maduramullathumaaya theyila uthpaadippikkunnu. japanese theyila chadangukalude bhaagamaayi ithu mikkavarum prathyekamaayi vilambunnu.
chassen" ennariyappedunna mulayude manam upayogichu vellathinteyum theyila podiyudeyum misritham oru ekeekritha sthirathayilekku kondupookunnu. draavakathil oru katiyum avasheshippikkaruth, koodaathe podicha chaaya paathratthinte vashangalil avasheshikkaruth. maacha kayperiyathayathinaal, parambaraagathamaayi oru cheria "vagashi" madhurapalahaarathodoppam (kudikkunnathinu munbu kazhikkaan uddeshichulla), ennaal paalo panchasaarayo cherkkathe vilambunnu. 40 gram maachayil 20 bowl "usucha" allengil 10 bowl "koicha" nalkunnuvennu saadhaaranayaayi kanakkaakkappedunnu
mattu upayogangal.
ithu "kaastella", "manchu", "monaka" ennivayil upayogikkunnu; shave cheytha aisinulla topping aayi ("kakkigori"); paalum panchasarayum oru paaneeyamaayi kalarthi; uppu kalarthi "maacha-jio" ennariyappedunna mishrithathil tempurayude ruchi kaanaan upayogikkunnu. pala paashchaathya shailiyilulla choklettukal, midaayikal, kekkukal, pastrikal, swis rolukal, cheeskek, kukkikal, pudding, mouse, green tea iscream ennivayulppedeyulla madhurapalahaarangal ennivayil ithu sugandhamaayi upayogikkunnu. maacha phroosan cheytha thairu kadakalil vilkkukayum greak thairu upayogichu veettil thanne undaakkukayum cheyyaam. snacks pokki, kitt kaatt ennivaykku jappanil maacha-ruchiyulla pathippukalundu. ithu mattu tharatthilulla theyilayilum kalarthaam. udaaharanathinu, ithu "maacha-iri jenmaicha" (aksharaarthatthil, varutha braun ariyum green teeyum cherttha maacha) roopappeduthunnathinaayi "jenmaicha" yilek cherkkunnu.
aadhunika paaneeyangalil "maacha" yude upayogam staarbaks polulla vadakke american kafekalilekkum vyaapichu, avaa avarude japanese store lokkeshanukalil vijayakaramaayathin sesham "green tea laattukalum" mattu maacha-ruchiyulla paaneeyangalum avatharippichu. jappaanilennapole, ithu lattukal, iced paneeyangal, milk shakeukal, smoothikal ennivayumaayi samyojippikkappettu.
adisthaana maacha teaver.
maacha nirmmikkaan aavashyamaaya upakaranangal ivayaanu
ruchi.
tianin, sussinic assid, gallic assid, teogalin enniva maachayude umami-vardhippikkunna ruchikk kaaranamakunna raasa gadakangalaanu. parambaraagatha green teeyumaayi thaarathamyappeduthumbol, "maacha" yude ulppaadanathinu theyila elakale sooryaprakaashathil ninnu samrakshikkendathundu. shading kafeen, tianin ulppedeyulla motham free amino aasidukal ennivayude vardhanavinu kaaranamaakunnu, mathramalla elakalil kaattechinukalude shekharanavum kuraykkunnu.

