
dhii (hindu chintha)

dhaarana', 'prathiphalanam', 'mathachintha', 'manass', 'roopakalppana', 'buddhi', 'abhiprayam', 'dhyanam', 'bhavana', 'ashayam', 'buddhi' ennee ardhangalulla oru samskritha padamaanu dhii (samskrithamdhi). eee vaakk samsaarikkuka ennartham varunna vaaku (samskritham vaachu) enna vakkil ninnu uruthirinja vaaku (samskritham vaachu) enna vakkil ninnu nerittu bandhappettirikkunnu. "dhii" ennathu shabdamullah "vaaku" allengil "samsaram" aanu, athu chintha-manasso budhiyo aanu. "dhiye' ennaal 'pidikkuka' allengil 'sthaapikkuka' ennum ardhamaakkunnu, ithu budhiyude pravartthanatthe soochippikkunnu.
avalokanam.
dhiyude' swaabhaavika ardham 'chintha' ennaanu, ithu 'budhiyude' samskritha padavumaayi poruthappedunnu, athaayath 'manassinte pravartthanam', 'chintha', 'dhaarana', 'buddhi'. vaidikasamskrithil praarthanaaparamo dhyaanaparamo aaya dhyaanathinaayi 'dhii', 'brahman' ennee rund padangal upayogikkunnu, eee sandarbhathil 'dhii' ennaal 'darshanaparamaaya ulkkaazhcha', 'theevramaaya chinthayum prathiphalanavum', brahman enna vaakk 'valaruka', 'vikasippikkuka' ennartham varunna 'brr' enna moolathil ninnaan uruthirinjathu.
dharmmathinte (eee lokathile janangaleyum muzhuvan srishtiyeyum bandhippikkunna neethiyude paatha allengil 'asthithvathinte niyamam') anusaranathinulla patthu avashya niyamangal manusmrithi vivarikkunnu-'dhrithi' ('kshama'), 'shamam' ('kshama'), 'dama' ('aathmaniyanthranam'), 'astheya' ('sathyasandhatha'), 'shaucha' ('vishudhi'), 'indriya-nigraham' ('indriyangalude niyanthranam'), 'dhii' ('yukthi'), 'vidya' ('arivum padanavum'), 'sathya' ('sathyasandhatha'), 'krodham' ('kopatthinte niyanthranam').
apeksha.
gayatri manthrathil (rigg <aii. dii. 1>) varunna "dhimihi", "dheo" ennivayude prefix 'dhaarana' yeei soochippikkunnu, athinte kognettu padamaaya "buddhi" ennaal 'manassinte yukthisahamaya faakkaltti' ennaanu ardhamaakkunnathu, aathyanthika yaadhaarthyam anubhavikkan dhaarana marikadakkanam. shanta' ennartham varunna 'dheera' enna vaakk, arivu kondu poorithamaaya budhiyulla anweshakane soochippikkunnu, eee vaakk 'buddhi' ennartham varunna 'dhii', 'agni' allengil 'njaanam' ennartham varunna 'raa' ennivayude samyojanamaanu.
noonn-atmaan I.iii. swaabhaavikamaayi viyojaneeyamaaya anatman, vyakthigatha bodhatthinte swabhaavamaaya santhosham ("aanandam") velippeduthunna "dhii" (= "buddhi") yude pravartthanatthinte lakshyamaanu.
pathanjali yogaye nirvachikkunnath bodhatthile marimari tharamgangalude nirveeryamaakkalaan; "chittha vrithi nirodha" (yoga soothram i. 2) enna vaakyathil, "chittha" ennathu 'chinthaaniyamatthe' soochippikkunnu, athil 'praanajeeva sakthikal', 'manass' ('manass' allengil 'indriyabodham'), 'ahamkaara' ('ahankaaram'), 'buddhi' ('avabodhajanyamaaya buddhi'), 'vrithi' enniva ulppedunnu, koodaathe 'nirveeryamaakkal', 'nirthalaakkal' allengil 'niyanthranam' ennivaye soochippikkunnu. vedamukalil 'buddha' enna verum athinte uthbhavangalum 'jwalippikkal' allengil 'unarthal' enna ardhathil prathyakshappedunnu, 'buddha' enna vaakk aadyamaayi 'saamkhyayaana braahmana upanishathil' prathyakshappedunnu. "dhiti" ennathu "dhrithi" yill ninnum athinte kognettu "didhithi" yill ninnum uruthirinjathaanu, ithu ellah indriyabodhathinum atheethamaaya avabodhathinte minnalineyum soochippikkunnu. maanasika avayavangal "manass" ('manass'), "echardy" ('hridayam'), maanasika kazhivukal "chittha" ('chintha'), "dhii" ('maanasika kazhcha'), "krathu" ('maanasika shakti') ennivayaanu. "sitt-', 'dhii-', 'maan-' ennee vaakkalulla verukal soochippikkunna prakriyakal 'maanas' nadathumennu parayappedunnu; darshanangal yaadhaarthyamaakkunnathil 'dhii' ktaattu 'aavasyamaanu.
vaakkumayi bandham.
divyamaaya sathyathekkuricho yaadhaarthyathekkuricho pettennulla arivu nedunnathinulla asaadhaaranamaaya faakkalttiyaaya 'darshana' allengil 'prachodanam', 'darshanaparamaaya ulkkaazhchayude aantharika velicham' ennivayeyaanu dhii soochippikkunnathu. somayaanu darshanathinte prabhuvum prachodanam nalkunavanum samsaram (vaaku) prachoditha chintha ("maneesha") allengil "tta" yude irippidathilulla darshakar samrakshikkunna njaanavumaanu. rigvedam bhasha chinthayumaayi ("maanas") mathramalla, darshanavumaayum ("dhii") bandhippikkunnu, athil ninnu 'dhyanam' ennartham varunna oru vaakk varunnu.
yajurvedathil (29.8), samsara devathayaaya saraswati "dhii" enna sammanam nalkaan vilikkunnu, prachoditha chintha, chintha "vaaku" ennathumaayi bandhappettirikkunnu; saraswati prachoditha chinthayude nadhi ennum ariyappedunnu.
hindukkalude vishudha grandhangalaanu vedangal. ariyappedunnatho ariyendatho aaya kaaryangalude shekharamaanu avaa, mattoru vidhathil paranjaal, yadhaartha arivu allengil shabdathilo ('sabda') allengil samsaarathilo ('vaaku') prakadippikkunna divyamaaya nithya njaanam. vedadarshakar samsaarathinteyo samsaravaakkinteyo sakthiye anthyakaalavum athirukadannathum-"eakam saath" (rigvedam <aii. dii. 1>)-maayi bandhappeduthiyittundu. srashtaavaaya vishwakarmmane samsaarathinte prabhuvaya (rigvedam <aii. dii. 2>) (brihaspathiyum brahmanaspathy ennum vilikkappedunna) vaachakamennum avar ariyunnu, koodaathe brahmaavu enna nilayil vaaku allengil samsaaramo uchaaranamo prapanchatthile srishtiparamaaya thathwavum samboornna shakthiyumaan; athinte arivu nediya vyakthi ettavum uyarnna arivu nediyathaayi parayappedunnu (rigvedam <aii. dii. 1>). brahman ithuvare vyaapichukidakkunnathu "vaaku" (rigvedam x.114.8) cheiyunnu.
vaakkinte punk.
samsaaravumaayi bandhappettirikkumbol uchaaranathin munbulla prachoditha chintha ("dhii") samsaarathilekku parivartthanam cheyyumbol chila maattangalkk vidheyamaakunnu; chinthagathikkaaraaya oraal avarude manass upayogichu samsaram srishtikkunnuvennu (rigvedam <aii. dii. 1>) vaidika rishikal nammodu parayunnu, "dhii" yill ninnu "vaakk" lekkulla parivartthanatthinte vividha gattangal atharvvavedathil (<aii. dii. 2>) vivarichittundu. "dhii" ennathu shabda prasangam aanu. saraswati devi prasamgatthil adhyakshatha vahikkunnundenkilum "vaaku" ariyappedunna ellah mekhalakalkkum (rigvedam <aii. dii. 2>) appurathum athinappurathum vyaapichukidakkunnu. vaakk shwaasatheyo vayuvineyo aasrayichirikkunnu; aithareya braahmanan (iv.42.1) "brahman vaii vaakk" ennu prasthaavikkunnu, vaaku vedangaludeyum vedangaludeyum maathaavaan (shatapatha braahmanan (6.5.3.4).
achaaraparavum prapanchashaasthraparavumaaya "vaakkinte" (prasangam) oru roopamaanu vedangal. braahmanar 'prakadippicha' ('nishkrishta') ennum 'prakadippikkappedaathu' ('aniruktha'), parimithavum paridhiyillaathathumaaya prajapathiyude (kathaka samhita 12.5.27.1) bharyayaayi vaakkine avatharippikkunnu. vaakk avinasheeyanennum (akshara), cosmic kramatthil ("rr") aadyajaathanaanennum, vedangalude ("vedaanam maathaav") maathavaanennum, amarthyathayude ("amritha") naabhi aanennum athinaal vedangal ananthamaanennum ("anantha"), amarthyamaanennum ("amartha"), akshayamaanennum ("akshita") thaithiriya aaranyakan nammodu parayunnu. ellah sathakaludeyum sathayaaya oom allengil oom vaku aanennu "jaiminiya upanishath" nammodu parayunnu. manushya thalatthil manass samsaarathin munbum prapancha thalatthil prajapati chinthayudeyum samsaarathinteyum prabhuvayi "vaakkin" munbum srishtiye prakadamaakkunnathinu "vaakkumayi" onnikkaan "vaakkin" roopam nalkunnu.
"orupakshe vaidikar purushanmaarude bhashayaayi saadhaaranayaayi samsaarikkunna bhashayaayirikkaam "vaaku". "aditi allengil viraajinte mattoru peraanu "vaaku".
agniyeyum mattu "devathakaleyum" abhyarthikkunnathinaayi, rigvedathile manthrangalkk valare pradhanappetta pankundu, kaaranam dhyanam cheyyumbol "upasaka" ennathu aarsi-yeei vaaku-1 aayi kanakkaakkendathund.iii. prasangam; eee kaaranathaalaanu manthrangal japikkunnath, aaa manthram cheyyaan oru nirddishta maargamund. rishi medhathidhi kanwa (rigvedam i.12.11) praarthikkunnu
"gayatri chhamdassil rachikkapetta puthiya sthuthigeethangalil sajjeekarichirikkunna sthuthiyude vaakkukal (aaradhana) agni sweekarikkukayum bhakthiyode alapikkukayum (japikkukayum), (agni) athil nalkunna yagangal (nirddishta reethiyil) sweekarikkukayum cheyyuka."koodaathe, rishi ayyaasya (rigvedam ix.46.2) ingane praarthikkunnu.-
ettavum unnathamaayathinekkurichu arivu nediyavar (eluppathil) ettavum sookshumamaaya tharatthilulla aazhathil maranjirikkunna ardham anaavaranam cheiyunnuvennu namme ariyikkunnu. ithinartham, nammude oro anubhavavum nammethanneyulla oru punarnirmmithiyaanu, nammude yadhaartha swabhaavam manasilakkaan nammetthanne veendum kandethanamenkil aadyam nammude manassine unarthanam, thudarnnu manassine kelkkaan kazhiyunnathra uchathil samsaarippikkanam, kaaranam manassinte shareeramaaya praanan, kelkkaan kaathirikkunna aaa nishabdathayaanu. rigvedathile oru rishi (rigvedam <aii. dii. 1>) parayunnath srashtaavu "agni" yill moonnu varnnajwaalakal nikshipthamaakki athine thilakkamaarnnathum, prashasthavum, vegathilullathum, choodullathum aakkiyathaan ennaanu. ellaattinum pinnil eee moonnu nirangalundennum avayil ninnu roopappedunna bakkiyullava oru parishkkaranavum perum aanennum chandogya upanishathile rishi nammodu parayunnu. prasangam aarke allengil "brahmati" ennu thirichariyaan "praanan" ennaanu, addehathinte prabhuvaya brihaspathi, samsaram "yajukkal" ennu braahmananumaayi bandhappettirikkumbol athe prabhuvaya brahmanaspathy. samsaram "saama" aanu; athu svayam velippeduthaan kazhiyilla, kaaranam athu sanjarikkunna vaayu pole rooparahithamaanu; athu kaatt roopappeduthunna vaayuvinte aruvikaliloode sanjarikkunnu, orikkal ucharicha vaakkukal prabhaashakanilekku madangilla.
aathmaavinte paramaprakaashathodu ettavum aduthuvarunna prakasham vakkinte prakaashamaanennu yaajnjavalkyan janakarajavinodu parayunnu.iii. samsaram, kaaranam yukthiyude paramonnatha faakkalttiyaan oduvil aathmavinekkurichulla shudhamaaya svayam thilangunna avabodhathilekku bodhathe uyarthunnathu, oru pooyintaraayi sevanamanushticha sesham athu aprathyakshamaakukayo vishramikkukayo cheiyunnu. veda munimar ekkaalathum 'sathyam', 'tapass', 'patanam' enniva prathyeka gunangalayi vaadichittundu. eee moonnu prathyeka gunangalil sathyamaan ellah abhilaashikalum aacharikkenda paramonnatha gunamennu kanakkaakkappedunnu. ellah praadhamika sadgunangalum aadyam maathaapithaakkalil ninnaan ulkkollunnath; sathyakama jabala thante ammayil ninnu sathyasandhathayude aathmaav nedi, sathyasaakshaathkaarathinaayi anweshikkendathundenna sanath kumara naaradane padippichu-"oraal sathyam athinte yaadhaarthyathil manassilaakkumbol oraal sathyam samsaarikkunnu".
ashwamedha yanjavumaayi bandhapetta achaarangal vivarikkumbol, brihadaaranyaka upanishathil prapanchatthe prathinidheekarikkunna kuthirayude aduthu varunnath vaaku aanennu nammodu parayunnu.
pradhama parigananaykkulla avakaashavaadam.
vyakthiyum prapancha falapraptiyum ulla "oom" enna aksharam vyakthiyude dhyaanathe sahayikkuka mathramalla, suuryan polum shareerathil "oom" aalapikkunnathineppole prapanchatthil sanjarikkukayum cheiyunnu (ch.mukalilekku.i. 5.1,3) vishadeekarikkunnathu "oom" ennathu eee bhoomiyile ellah jeevikaludeyum sathayaanu, oru vyakthiyude satha samsaaramaanennum samsaarathinte saaramsham rigvedamaanennum (ch.mukalilekku.i. 1.2) ennaal rigvedathinte sathayaaya saamavedathinte saaramsham "aumu" enna "udgeeta" aanu. oru maratthinte elakal oru thandil (ch.mukalilekku.ii.23.3). samsaram manushyanaaya theeyude indhanamaanu (chaa.mukalilekku.v. 7.1). manass 'bhakshanam', praanan 'jalam', samsaram 'agni' (ch.mukalilekku.vi.6.5). ithellaam oraalkk ariyaavunna oru peru maathramaanennu sanath kumara naradanode parayunnu, ennittum samsaram perinekkaal valuthaanu, kaaranam samsaram illengil neethiyum aneethiyum ariyilla, pakshe theerchayaayum manass samsaarathekkaal valuthaanu, kaaranam manass muzhuvan lokamaanu (chaa.mukalilekku.vii.2 & 3) samsaarathekkaal ("vaaku") praadhaanyathinaayi manassinte ("dhii") avakaashavaadam sthaapikkuka.