
vittoriyo benusi

vittoriyo benusi (17 januvari 1878-24 november 1927) oru austriyan-itaaliyan manasshaasthranjanaayirunnu.
jeevithavum thozhilum.
1878 januvari 17 nuu tristeyil janicha oru austriyan-itaaliyan manasshaasthranjanaayirunnu vittoriyo benusi. sambannavum ennaal daarunavumaaya jeevitam" nayicha oru anjjaathanum ennaal pradhanappetta vyakthiyumayi antonelli (2018) addehathe visheshippikkunnu. 18-aamm vayassil benusi italiyilekku thamasam maari, avide grass school oof gestaalt sidhaanthathile libraryil jolie cheyth panam sambaadichu. taamasiyaathe, benusi alexius mainonginte laboratariyil asisttantaayi maarukayum svanthamaayi manahshaasthra gaveshanam nadatthaan theerumaanikkukayum cheythu. addeham minonginoppam padichu, avide addehathinu vasthu sidhaantham parichayappedutthi, ithu gestaalt sidhaanthathilekkulla nirnaayaka vikasanamaan. grassil ayirunna kaalath prashastha manasshaasthranjanaaya france brantaanoyude vivaranathmaka manahshaasthra sidhaanthavum benusic parichayappedutthi. france brantano sthaapicha aakt saikkolaji, manass engane pravartthikkunnu ennathinu pakaram athu engane nirmmichirikkunnu ennathinu oonnal nalkunnu. edwin boaring kurippukal pole, "oraal oru niram kaanumbol, niram thanne maanasikamalla. kazhcha, pravrithi, athaanu maanasikam."itaaliyan gestaalt prasthaanatthinte sthaapakanaayathinum vaikaarika svayambharanathekkurichulla gaveshanathinum addeham ettavum prashasthanaan.
opttikkal illutionukal, vishwal, haaptik perseption, speshyal perseption, samayathekkurichulla perseption ennivayekkurichu benusi thante kruthiyil niravadhi padanangal nadatthi. nuna kandethunnathinulla aadyathe parishodhanakalilonn addeham vikasippichu. maanasika vishakalanathinum hypnosisinum purame, swapnangal ulppedeyulla abodhaavasthayilulla maanasika prathibhasangalekkurichum manassinte vikaarangalil shareerathinte swaadheenathekkurichum vipulamaayi padichathinte bahumati benusic labhichu. steefan vitaasekk, alois hoffler ennivarumaayi chernnu benusi ore indriya moolakangalil ninnu perseptual konfigareshanukal srishtikkunna prakriya paryavekshanam cheythu. 
vaikaarika pravartthana svayambharanamaayirunnu benusiyude maanasika padanangalude kaathal, koodaathe thalachorinte boudhikavum vaikarikavumaaya pravartthanangal thammilulla parasparabandhathinu oonnal nalki. boudhikavum vaikarikavumaaya pravartthanangal nammude prathikaranangale aashrayich nilanilkkunnillennum aaa mastishka pravartthanangale vaikaarika jeevithathinte chinthakalumaayum prathichaayakalumaayum bandhippikkunnuvennum addeham vishwasichu. ennirunnaalum, vaikaarika jeevitam yukthiye adisthaanamaakkiyullathaanu enna parambaraagatha manashaasthratthinte adisthaana anumaanangalilonn eee nigamanam nishedhichu. 
froidian manashaasthrathodulla thaalpparyathiludaneelam, benusi pareekshanathmaka parishodhanakalkk anuyojyamaaya maanasika vishakalana mekhalayekkurichulla saidhaanthika kandethalukal nadatthi. benusi sono bays kandupidichu, 'adisthaana urakkam' ennartham varunna oru hypnotic avastha. urangumbol vaikaarikaavasthakal shudhavum otappettathumaaya roopangalil uyarnnuvarunnu enna vishwaasathil ninnaan addeham ithu cheythath. benussi sambandhichidatholam, bodham angane cheyyaathe boudhika jeevitam mangumennu adisthaana urakkam theliyichu. unarnnathinu sesham pankedukkunnavar avarude avasthaye vivaricha reethi chinthakaludeyo chithrangaludeyo paraamarshangale aashrayikkaathe hypnosis samayat vaikaarika avasthakal velippeduthaan benusi shramichu. eee hypnotic avasthaye bioggio taason "vivaranathmaka manahshaasthram munnott kondupokunnathil benusiyude ettavum valia nettamaayirikkam" ennu kanakkakki. jeevikalude maanasika prathibhasangaleyum manashaasthraparamaaya pravarthanangaleyum vivarikkunnathin addeham maanasika pravartthanangal enna padam sweekarikkunnu. thudarnnu, eee maanasika pravartthanangalude avasthakal padikkaan addeham pankedukkunnavaril hypnotism upayogikkunnu. 
addeham hypnotyse cheytha moonnu pankaalikalil margeritta signorelli ettavum vijayakaramaayirunnu. avarude cases bodhatthinte prathyeka maanasika avasthakalil vaikaarika svayambharanavum manahpoorvamaaya maanasika prakriyakalum manappoorvamallaathavayum thammilulla bandhavum sthireekarichu. aval hypnotyse cheyyappedumbol, aval unarumbol signorelli shradha kendreekarikkanamennu aagrahikkunna kaaryangalekkurichu nirddeshangal nalkaanum vividha nirddeshangal nalkaanum thanikk kazhiyumennu benusi kandethi. aadyam, avan avale aazhathilulla urakkathil kidatthi, aval oru shudhamaaya vikaarathil shradha kendreekarikkaan nirddeshichu, udaaharanathinu, vidvesham, athu avale yadhaartha vidvesha vikarangal kaivashappeduthaan anuvadichu. ennirunnaalum, vidvesham aareyengilum allengil mattenthenkilum lakshyamidunna vidveshamaayi kanakkakkappedunnilla. athil ninnu purathukadannappol, manashaasthranjan nalkia nirddeshangale adisthaanamaakki 44 vikaarangale avar vyakthamaayi vivarichu, vasthunishtamaaya oru vasthuthayumaayum bandhappeduthiyittil. 
samakaalika neuro sayans, biology, praakmettiks, phenomology, activism ennee mekhalakalilekku saamaanyavalkkarikkaan paryapthamaaya intersectional aayirunnu benusiyude rachanakal. onnaam lokamahaayudhathinushesham addeham oru itaaliyan pouranaayi, nirbhagyavashaal itali tristeye oru puthiya pradeshamaayi prakhyaapichathinu sesham grassile librarian sthaanam nashtappettu. grassil ninnu paaduvayilekku marran benussi nirbandhithanaayi. avide addeham oru puthiya jeevitam aarambikkukayum avarude sarvakalashaalayil professoraayi niyamikkappedukayum cheythu. eee kaalayalavil, benusi daaranayude aantharika avasthakalekkurichulla thante ashayam vipuleekarikkukayum "aantharika nirnnaayakangalude moonnu pradhana vibhaagangal swaamsheekarikkunna pravartthanangal", aalankaarika allengil "bandhippikkunna pravartthanangal", "aidantitti pravartthanangal" allengil "maanasika thirichariyalinte pravartthanangal" enniva charcha cheyyukayum cheythu. eee gaveshanam kainesthettik avabodhathilum vikaarangalekkurichulla daaranayilum puthiya munnettangalilekku nayikkukayum aathyanthikamayi addehathinte grays kaalaghattatthil saakshyapathra krithyathayekkurichulla benussy gaveshanathilekku nayikkukayum cheythu. 
maranam.
vijayangal undaayirunnittum, benusi gurutharamaaya vishaadam anubhavikkukayum 1927-ll naalppathiyombathaam vayassil sionide kudichu aathmahathya cheyyukayum cheythu. varshangalkk munbu thaan kanda oru swapnathil athe reethiyil marichathaayi addeham avakashappettu.