
paarppidam

fraansile vendi "departmentil" nagaratthile takarnna kotta pousogukalude "commune" aanu chaatto dii pousogas.
pathinanjaam noottaandil gilles dii reyisinte (1404-1440) bhaarya catherine dii thovezhs ivide adivasichirunnuvenkilum addeham orikkalum avide thaamasichirunnilla.
charithram.
pathinonnam noottaandil, kotta sachari dii posogasinte kudumbatthil pettathaayirunnu, avaril ninnu athu nigoodamaaya chaanttemerl kudumbatthinum pinneedu mouleeyonile prashastha sawari kudumbatthinum oduvil viscant oof thouversinum kaimari, avar mikkavarum muzhuvan vendy bharichu; avar kotta tifaagukalude udamasthathayilulla oru kedatt makanu nalki.
catherine dii thovezhs avarude vivaahathin nandi paranju kotta gilles dii reyisinte kaivashappedutthi. addehathinte maranashesham aval avide thamasikkaan pookukayaayirunnu. kaatharinte aabhimukhyathil, oru thaamasasthalam enna nilayil kooduthal sukhakaramaakkunnathinaayi keeppil niravadhi mattangal varuthi. oru puthiya nilayum matellaavarumaayum bandhippikkunna oru sarppila staircase chertthu. akathalathinu kooduthal prakasham nalkunnathinaayi pazhaya ambadayaalangalkku pakaram niravadhi janalakal nirmmichu.
1634ll laa pelisonniyar aou boppeyarinte prabhuvinu eee kotta vittu. addehathinte pingaamikal irupathaam noottaandinte pakuthi vare ithu nilanirtthi.
vendiyile yudhasamayathu (1793-1794), general lacheneyude neethrthwathilulla "naraka nirakalile" aalukal pazhaya kottayude "ensintteyil" abhayam thediya pousogukalile 31 nivaasikale vedivachu. 1794 januvari 26nuu republican general grignon nalkia virunninte avasaanathilaanu eee niyamam nadappaakkiyathu. athe divasam thanne chuttumulla gramangal kathikkukayum niravadhi nivaasikal koottakkola cheyyappedukayum cheythu.
vaasthuvidya.
kottayude avashishtangalkk aadhipathyam vahikkunnath panthrandaam noottaandile athimanoharamaaya samrakshanamaanu.
25 meteriladhikam uyaramulla eee keep, sandarshakarkku sivil romanesk vaasthuvidyayude mikacha udaaharanam nalkunna thirasseela mathil nirmmikkunna panthrand gopurangalil onnaanu.
1862 muthal franch saamskaarika mantraalayam ithine oru "smaaraka charitra" maayi pattikappedutthiyittundu.