
amanita pettennu

aminitaasiye kudumbatthile marakamaaya vishamulla oru fungus inamaanu aminitta suppendal, saadhaaranayaayi american pettennulla-bulded aminitta allengil american pettennulla-bulded lepidella ennariyappedunnu. pazhangalude shareerathinte savisheshamaaya aakruthiyude peril ariyappedunna eee velutha "amanita" kku nerttha thandu, konaakrithiyilulla velutha arimbaarakalaal moodappetta oru thoppi, pettennu veertha adithara ennivayundu. eee bhouma inam kizhakkan vadakke americayileyum kizhakkan eshyayileyum mishrita vanangalil valarunnu, avide ithu vividatharam coniferous, elapozhiyum vruksha inangalumaayi micorisal bandhatthil nilanilkkunnathayi karuthappedunnu.
vargeekaranam.
"1897ll american michologist chaals horttan pekkaanu alabaamayile aubarnil ninnu kandethiya oru maathrkaye adisthaanamaakki 'amanida sapenda' aadyamaayi vivarichathu. unangiya, pakwathayulla, saambilukalil volvayude avashishtangal bulbil illaathathinaal, eee inathe "amanitta rubezens", "eiii" enningane tharamthirikkanamennu peck karuthi. spissa ". 1928ll jeane-edward gilbert "lepidella" yilekkum 1940ll "aspidella" yilekkum nadatthiya generic kaimaattatthil ninnu undaakunna binomialukal paryaayapadangalil ulppedunnu. eee rund janussukalum pinneedu "amanida" yilek samyojippikkappettu.
"eiii. amyloid beejaanukkalaal savisheshathayulla anubandha "amanida" koonn koottamaaya "lepidella" enna upavibhaagathile "amanida" janussile "lepidella" vibhaagathile tharam inamaanu sapedenta ". eee upavibhaagathile mattu vadakke american enangalil "eiii" ulppedunnu. atkinsiyaana, "eiii. chlorinosma, "eiii. kokeri, "aaaa. dossips, "eiii. mutabilis, "eiii. onustta ", eiii. pelioma, "eiii. polypyramis, "eiii. ravenally "," eiii. ropalopus ". parinaama kudumbatthile vrukshavumaayi aduthu-phylogeneticalaayi bandhappettirikkunna europian, eshyan enangalil (lepidella vibhaagathilum) "eiii" ulppedunnu. solitteriya, "eiii. virginioids, "" eiii. japonica ".
aakasmika" enna prathyeka namam veertha aditharayude aakruthiye soochippikkunnu, athu kramena churungunnathinupakaram pettennu valuthaakkappedunnu. american pettennulla-bulded lepidella" ennaanu eee inathinte pothuvaaya peru.
vivaranam.
amanida sapenda" ennathil, mikka koonkaleyum pole, haifa ennariyappedunna fungus koshangalude oru koottamaayi jeeviyude bhooribhaagavum nilatthinu thaazhe kaanappedathe kidakkunnu; uchithamaaya paaristhithika saahacharyangalil, drishyamaaya prathyulpaadana ghadana (pazhangalude shareeram) roopappedunnu. toppikk vyaasamund, cheruppatthil vishalamaaya convex aakruthiyundenkilum oduvil parannupokunnu. pakwathayulla saambilukalil thoppiyude madhyabhagam mangiyirikkunnu. thoppiyude uparithalam "verucose" aanu-cheria koneeya allengil pyramid neraaya arimbaarakalaal moodappettirikkunnu (1-2 milleemettar uyaravum 1-2 milleemettar veethiyum adiyil); arimbaara cheruthum thoppiyude arikinaduthulla ennathil kooduthalumaanu, koodaathe tissuevinte cheria sakalangal thoppiyude arikilekku thoongikkidakkunnundaam. thoppiyude uparithalam, arimbaara, maamsam enniva veluthathaanu. arimbaarakale thoppiyil ninnu eluppathil verthirikkaan kazhiyum, pakwathayulla saambilukalil avaa palappozhum poornnamaayo bhaagikamaayo aprathyakshamaayittund. velutha gillukal orumichuchernnu thandil athunnu, pakshe nerittu bandhippichitla.
thandu uyaramullathum nertthathum vyaasamullathumaanu. ithu veluthathum minusamarnnathumaaya (thilakkamullathu), kharamaanu (athaayath, aantharikamaayi pollayalla), paranna golatthinte aakruthiyilulla pettennulla bulbus aditharayundu; ithu vashangalil rekhamsha pilarppukal vikasippichekkaam. adithara palappozhum oru dhaaraalam velutha mysiliyathil gadippichirikkunnu-jeeviyude bhooribhaagavum uparithalathinu thaazhe kaanaanaakaathathaanennu oru drishya oormmappeduthal. mothiram membranus aanu, sthirathayullathaanu-kaalakramena marunnilla; mothiram velutha naarukal upayogichu thandinodu gadippichekkaam. koonn prathyeka gandham illa. koonn bhakshyavasthuvaayi kanakkaakkappedunnu; chilath valare maarakamaayathinaal "amanida" koonn kazhikkaan saadhaaranayaayi shupaarsha cheiyunnilla.
microscopic savisheshathakal.
beejakosha print polulla nikshepathil shekharikkumbol beejakoshangal veluthathayi kaanapedunnu. sookshumadarshini upayogichu nokkumbol, beejakangal vishaalamaayi deerghavrithaakrithiyilullatho ekadesham golaakrithiyilullatho minusamarnnatho nerttha mathilukalullatho aayathinal avaykku 6.5-9.5 5,5/8.8 micrometer alavukalundu. beejaanukkal amyloidaanu (athaayath melsarinte reactor upayogichu karayullappol avaa iodine edukkunnu) basedia (gillukalude arikukalil beejaanukkal vahikkunna koshangal) naalu beejaanukkalaan, koodaathe 30-50 yeei 4-11 micrometer kondu alakkunnu. basediayude adithattukalkku clamp kanakshanukalundu-aanava vibhajanathinte uthppannangal kadannupokaan anuvadikkunnathinu oru koshatthe munbathe koshavumayi bandhippikkunna hraswa shaakhakal. 3 muthal 8 micrometer vare vyaasamulla saandramaayi parasparam neythathum kaazhchayil jelattinais cheythathum philamentus hyphayude oru paaliyaan cap cuticalil adangiyirikkunnathu. thandinte tissue nirmmichirikkunnathu viralavum nertthathum deerghachathuramullathumaaya hyphayaanu, ithu 299 micrometer kondu alakkunnu.
samanamaaya inam.
jappanil ninnu maathram ariyappedunna "amanitta cotohyransis" enna inathinte falangalkku "eiii" yumayi upariplavamaaya saamyam undu. pettennu ", pakshe" eiii. thoppiyude uparithalathil chitharikkidakkunna flocos paachukal (volvayude avashishtangalaaya mriduvaaya kambili romangalude tuftukal), ilam manja niratthilulla gillukal ennivayil cotohyransis vyathyaasappettirikkunnu. "eiii. polypyramisinte pazhangalude shareerabhaagangalum "eiii" kku samaanamaanenn rekhappeduthiyittundu. ennirunnaalum, ithinu valia thoppikal, vyaasam vare, pettennu thanne unangunna oru durbalamaaya valayam, 9-14 neey 5-10 micrometer kondu alakkunna kurachu valia beejaanukkal ennivayundu. beejaanukkalude amyloidityum valipavum "a" verthirichariyaan sahayikkunna vishwasaneeyamaaya savisheshathakalaan. samaanaroopathilulla mattu enangalil ninnulla bulbus aditharakal kurravulla "pettennulla" maathrkakal.
1980kalil sugoovo hongo rocuya imasekiyum japanese koonn "eiii" ennu nirddeshichu. vadakke american padamaaya 'eiii' yude paryayamaayirunnu spherobulbosa. pettennu thanne ". ennirunnaalum, japanese herberryayile "amanitta" saambilukalekkurichulla 1999 leeii oru patanam beejaanukkalude aakruthiyileyum volval avashishtangalude microstructurileyum vyathyaasangal kaaranam avaa adutha bandhamullathum ennaal vyathyasthavumaya speesheesukalaanennu nigamanam cheythu. samanamaaya mattoru inam, "eiii. maagnivarrukkatta, "a" ll ninnu vyathyasthamaan. niravadhi savisheshathakalaal aakasmikamaayi saarvathrika moodupadam thoppiyude maamsathil ninnu vyakthamaayi verthirikkappedunnu; thoppi cuticalinte uparithalam jelattin cheiyunnathinaal volval arimbaara kooduthal vegathil aprathyakshamaakunnu; bhagika moodupadam kooduthal sthirathayullathaanu; beejakangal cheruthum ekadesham golaakrithiyilullathumaanu; bhagika moodupadiyude adibhaagathu, kaandathinu uparithala naarukal undu, avaa oru courtinayumaayi (pakwathayillaattha beejakoshangal vahikkunna uparithalangalil oru cobweb polulla samrakshana cover) saamyamullathayi mukalilekku varachirikkunnu. vadakke amerikkayude thekk padinjaaran theerathu parimithappedutthiyirikku maagnivarrukkaattayude ariyappedunna vitharanamundu.
aavaasavyavastha, vitharanam, paristhithi.
eiii" yude phalangal. saadhaaranayaayi sharathkaalath, mishra konifarukalilum elapozhiyum vanangalilum, saadhaaranayaayi eakaanthamaayi nilathu pettennu valarunnu. pazhangalude ennam athratholamaanu prathyakshappedunnathu ennathu season, sthaanam, thaapanila, mazha thudangiya niravadhi gadakangale aasrayichirikkunnu. thekkukizhakkan yunaittad stetsil koonn saadhaaranamaanennu visheshippikkappettindu; texacil, ithu apoorvavum valia vanapradeshangalil saadhaaranavumaanennu vilikkappedunnu. mattu "amanida" enangaleppole, eiii. sappedenta' marangalumayi micorrhisal bandham roopappeduthunnathaayi karuthappedunnu. marangalude verukalkku chuttum fangasinte haifa valarukayum maratthinte eerppam, samrakshanam, poshaka upolppannangal enniva labhikkaan fangasine praapthamaakkukayum maratthinu manninte poshakangal kooduthal labhyamakkaan sahayikkukayum cheiyunna paraspara prayojanakaramaaya bandhamaanith. "amanitta sapenda" kizhakkan vadakke amerikkayiludaneelam vyaapakamaayi kaanapedunnu, avide ithu vadakku cubec, canada, thekk meksikoo vare kandethi. oorsan keey. pine marangalumayi micorishal bandhatthil valarunnathayi thonnunna dominican republicil ithu kandethiyathayi miller avakaashappedunnu. coovo haard wood, conifer ennivayumaayulla micorisal bandhathekkurichum paraamarsikkunnu, athesamayam beach, birch, phir, suga, ookku, poppler thudangiya kooduthal ishtappetta trea hosttukale tulos pattikappedutthunnu. ennirunnaalum, "eiii. virgenia pine upayogichu micorrhise roopappedillennu "suppertenda" pareekshanaathmakamaayi kaanichittundu.
farmacology.
amanida pettennulla" jaleeya sathil mrugangalude parisodhana adisthaanamaakkiyulla padanangal (elikal) hepatotoxic saadhyatha prakadamaakkiyittundu. karal koshangalude necrosis neridendivaraam. 2-amino-45-hexadianoic assid eee falangalumaayi bandhappettirikkunnu.

