
sevellinte pooyint

hampton rodukalude uppuvella thuramukhathinte mukhathu sthithi cheiyunna yunaittad stetsile virjeeniyayile swatantra nagaramaya norphokkile oru upadveepaanu sevels pooyint. vadakku villoby ulkkadal, padinjaaru hampton roadukal, thekk laafayatt nadhi enningane moonnu vashathum jalamaan seval pooyintinte athirthikal. naavika steshan norphokkinte sthalamaanithu.
perinte uthbhavavum vyathiyaanangalum.
pathinezhaam noottaandil 1632 nuu munbu virjeeniyayilethiya henry sevel enna engleeshukaarante perilaanu eee pradesham ariyappedunnathu.
pinneedu, seawell pooyint, sewal pooyint thudangiya aksharavinyaasathile vyathiyanangal upayogichu. innathe saadhaarana aksharavinyasam sevel poyintaanu.
norphokkile aadyathe palli.
1637ll elisabath nadeethada edavaka roopeekarikkappettu. elisabath nadeethadatthile aadyathe engleesh palli 1638 num 1640 num idayil mii. thomas villobiyude sahaayathode seavels pooyint. aadyathe record cheytha mantri aadaraneeyanaaya joonn vilson aayirunnu. ippol southu hampton roadukal ennariyappedunna pradeshathu sthithi cheiyunna randaamathe palliyaya ithu (aadyathethu smithfieldile sent looks aayirunnu), us naavika steshan norphokkinte innathe padinjaaran paridhikkullil evideyo sthithicheyyunnu. pazhaya kodathi rekhakal anusarichu, norphokkile episcopal pallikal athil ninnu nerittu uthbhavichavayaan.
praadeshika sarkkar-shire muthal kaundi muthal sitti vare-oru virgenia paarambaryam.
hampton rodukalude thuramukhathinte kizhakkan theerathe praadhaanyam kaaranam ettavum sradheyamaaya oru bhoopradesamaanu sevels pooyint. orikkalum oru pattanamo nagaramo prakhyaapichittilla, azhukkuchaalukal oru bhoomishaasthraparamaaya pradeshamaayi kooduthal krithyamaayi vivarikkunnu. seval pooyintil praadeshika sarkkar roopeekaricha rashtreeya sthaapanangalude pattika sankeernamaanu, pakshe colonial kaalaghattatthile virgenia samsthaanathe pala samudaayangaludeyum savisheshathayaanu.
pathinezhaam noottaandil, 1607ll jaimstown sthaapithamaayathinu thottupinnaale, engleesh kudiyettakkaarum paryavekshakarum hampton roadukalkk sameepamulla pradeshangalil sthirathaamasamaakkaan thudangi. 1634 aayappozhekkum, ekadesham 5,000 nivaasikalulla ettu shearukal allengil kaundikal ulppettathaayirunnu engleesh kolaniyaaya virgenia. elisabath rivar shayarile oru bhaagamaayirunnu sevels pooyint.
1636ll elisabath rivar shayarile thekkan bhagam puthiya norphoc kaundiyaayi maarukayum 1637ll mukalilum thaazheyumulla norphoc kaundikalaayi vibhajikkappedukayum cheythu. 1691ll lover norphoc kaundi vibhajikkappett norphoc kaundiyum princes aan kaundiyum roopeekarichu.
1923ll swatantra nagaramaya norphoc eee pradesham pidichedukkunnathuvare 225 varshathilereyaayi norphoc kaundiyil sevels pooyint nilanilkkendathaayirunnu. (1871 muthal virjeeniyaykk oru swatantra nagara rashtreeya upavibhaagamund). southu norphoc nagravum norphoc kaundiyum layippichu 1963ll puthiya swatantra nagaramaya chesapeak roopeekarichu.
kaalavastha anusarichu nirnnayikkappedunna athirthikal.
hampton roadukal chesapeak ulkkadalileyum atlaantik samudrathileyum kodunkaattukalil ninnu surakshithamaaya oru pradeshathe prathinidheekarikkunnumdum, eee pradeshatthinte theerapradeshangal kadutha kaalaavasthaykku anusarichu maarunnu. oru kaalath, 1607ll jaimstownil engleesh kudiyettam aarambhichathumuthal, villoby bay vadakkott athirthi azhukkuchaalukal undaayirunnilla, kaaranam athu ithuvare nilavilundaayirunnilla.
1610ll virjeeniyayil vannu 1625ll bhoomi graant nediya thomas villobiyil ninnaan villoby ennariyappedunna pradeshathinu eee peru labhichathu. villobiyude makan thomas randaaman 1660kalil avide thaamasichirunnu. praadeshika aithihyamanusarichu, oru divasam raavile oru kodunkaattinetthudarnnu (orupakshe 1667 leeii "haari karimbu") addehathinte bhaarya unarnnappol, thaledivasam ratri vellam maathram undaayirunna thante veedinu munnilulla oru sthalam kandu. villoby kudumbam yadhaartha bhoomi graantilekku oru anubandhathinaayi vegathil apekshikkukayum avarkk "puthiya" swathinte udamasthaavakaasham nalkukayum cheythathayi parayappedunnu.
kadinamaaya kodunkaattukalum chuzhalikkaattukalum oru noottaandilereyaayi theeratthinte aakruthiyeyum villoby holdingukaleyum maattunnath thudarum. hampton rodukalude kaalaavasthayekkurichulla audyogika rekhakal 1871 ll norphoc nagarakendrathil deseeya kalavastha sevana oafees sthaapithamaayappol maathramaan, munbathe kodunkaattukalude rekhakal kappalukalude logukal, pathra vivaranagal, charitra pusthakangal, aadyakaala kudiyettakkaarude rachanakal ennivayil kandethiyittundu.
colonial kaalaghattatthile (1607-1776) theeradesha kanyaka nivaasikalkk kaalaavasthayekkurichu valare arivundaayirunnu. vellathinaduthu thaamasikkukayum avarude upajeevanamaargathinte bhooribhaagavum kadalil ninnu nedukayum cheytha aalukalkk, oru ushnamekhalaa kodunkaattu sradheyamaaya oru sambhavamaayirunnu. 1749-leeii oru chuzhalikkattil, chesapeak ulkkadal saadhaaranayekkaal uyarnnu, manal tuppi azhukkuchaalukalil ozhukippoyi. 1806leeii valia theeradesha chuzhalikkaattinte sahaayathode villoby tuppi roopappettu. ippol azhukkuchaalukalkkum villoby tuppalinum edayilulla jalathinte pradesham villoby bay ennariyappettu.
thanthrapradhaanamaaya oru aabhyantharayudhasthalam.
hampton rodukalude mukhathu seval pooyintinte sthaanam aabhyantharayudhathinte aadyaghattathil oru thanthrapradhaanamaaya sthalamaanennu thelinju.
seval pooyint yuddham.
virjeeniyayile aadyathe ettumuttal, ariyappedaatha sevel pooyint yuddham, 1861 meyy maasathil yuu. ezz. naavika steshan norphoc kaivashappedutthiya nilathaanu nadannathu. kanyaka mannil prarambha edapazhakalilekku nayicha sambhavangal chuzhalikkaatt vegathayode neengi.
yudhathilekku nayikkunna sambhavangal.
1860 desember 20nuu southu karolina yooniyanil ninnu verpirinja aadyathe samsthaanamaayi. naalu maasangalkk sesham, 1861 epril 12 nuu, aaa samsthaanathe sainikar chaalsttan thuramukhathe fort sumterinu nere vediyuthirthu. anchu divasathinu sesham, yooniyanil ninnu pinmaarukayum puthuthayi roopeekaricha konfedarasiyil cherukayum cheiyunna ettaamathe thekkan samsthaanamaayi virgenia maari.
eathaanum aazhchakalkk sesham aaa vasanthakaalath, yuu. ezz. general-inn-cheef winfield scott president linkaninode samsthaanangale unionilekku thirike konduvaraan oru padhathi nirddeshichu virjeeniyayile sainyathe aakramikkunnathinupakaram konfedarasiye lokathinte mattu bhaagangalil ninnu vichedikkuka.
konfedarasiyude theerapradesham uparodhikkukayum mississippi nadeethadatthe ganbottukal upayogichu niyanthrikkukayum cheyyuka ennathaayirunnu addehathinte padhathi. epril 19 nuu thekkan carolina line muthal rioo grande vare thekkan kadaltheeram uparodhikkaan linkon utharavidukayum epril 27 nuu vadakkan carolina, virgenia theerangal ulppeduthunnathinaayi athu vipuleekarikkukayum cheythu. epril 20 nuu union naavikasena norphoc nevi yard kathikkukayum ozhippikkukayum cheythu, eee prakriyayil ombathu kappalukal nasippikkukayum tidewader virjeeniyayile yunaittad stetsinte avasana kottayaayi fort moonroo maathram avasheshikkukayum cheythu.
norphokkinte adhinivesham confederasic athinte eaka pradhana kappalsala aayirakkanakkin kanatha thokkukalum nalkiyengilum avar athu oru varsham maathrame kaivasham vachirunnulloo. norphokinu chuttumulla konfedarettu prathirodhatthinu neethrthwam nalkia sii. ezz brigadier general walter gwin, norphokkine samrakshikkunnathinum hampton roadukal niyanthrikkunnathinum sueval pooyintil baattarikal sthaapichu.
uparodham nadappakkaan union hampton rodukalilekku oru kappalpadaye ayachu, meyy maasathil federal ganbottukal seval pooyintil baattarikalumaayi vediyuthirthu, ithu iruvashathum cheria naashanashtangalkk kaaranamaayi.
yuddham svayam.
stuvaarttinte "histtari oof norphoc kaundi, virgenia" (1902), oru maasathinushesham nadanna seavels pooyint yudhathekkurichulla vishadamaaya vivaranam ulkkollunnu.
iruvashathum maranangalonnum undayittilla. pottitherikkunna shellinte oru bhagam adichu parikketta eaka vyakthi oru konfedarettu svakaaryakkaaranaayirunnu. pinneedu, sueval pooyint baattarikalkk palathavana theepidichuvenkilum avaa orikkalum nishabdamaakkappedukayo yudhathil pidichedukkappedukayo cheythilla. 1861 august maasathil 42 poundu thookkamulla erikal prayogikkunna 24 poundar borinte deerghadoora raifil soyar thokku fort kaalhounil sthaapikkukayum sheld sueval pooyint sthaapikkukayum cheythu. pinneedu, 1862 meyy 10 nuu konfedarettu sainyam norphokkine ozhippichappol baattarikal upekshikkappettu.
hampton rodukalude yuddham.
1862 march 8 muthal 9 vare hampton rodukalile azhukkuchaalukalil vechaanu hampton rodukalude prashasthamaaya yuddham nadannathu.
union naavikasenayude yuu. ezz. ezz. monittar konfedarettu stetts neviyude sii. ezz. ezz. virjeenia nerittu.
anishchithathvathilaaya eee yuddham, naavika charithratthil pradhaanamaayum rund oorjjaswalamaaya irumbu pothinja yudhakkappalukal thammilulla aadya yudhamaayi praadhaanyamarhikkunnu.
ebraham linken seavel bombakramanavum pooyint cheiyunnu.
1862 meyy 5 nuu president linkon, thante kaabinat secreterimaar staantaninoppam kappalil pinthudarnnu, sthambicha upadveep prachaaranatthe vyakthiparamayi nayikkaan steamer "miyami" yile hampton rodukalilekku neengi. pittennu, linkon jaims nadiyile ganbot pravarthanangalkku neethrthwam nalkukayum anchu divasathinullil thaan feeldil commander-inn-cheefaayi pravarthicha uparodha schwadron azhukkuchaalukalk nere bombakramanam nadathukayum cheythu.
1862 meyy 8 nuu, presidentinte nirddeshaprakaaram "monittar", "dakota", "naugaattakku", "seminol", "suskehana" enniva "-virjeeniyayile sevels pooyintil flag officer ell aayi konfedarettu baattarikal shell cheythu. emm. goldsburo report cheythath, "pradhaanamaayum oru koottam sainikare avide irakkunnathinte praayogikatha nirnnayikkuka enna kazhchappaadodeyaanu". konfedarettukal norphokkine upekshikkunnathinekkur president linkeninu labhicha kimvadanthikal ippol sthireekarikkappettu; oru tugg upekshikkukayum ozhippikkal nannayi nadakkukayaanennum css "virgenia", avarodoppam cheria ganbottukalum jaims nadiyilekko york nadiyilekko pookaan padhathiyittuvennum vaartha konduvannu.
ezhaam theeyathi purathirangiyathupole "virgenia" purathuvarumbol, shakthamaayathum ennaal enjinukalkku thazheyullathumaaya yudhakkappal aazhathilulla vellathilekku valichidaamenna pratheekshayil union fleet pinbhaagathulla "monittarumaayi" viramikkumennu aasoothranam cheythirunnu. bombakramanam kandethiyappol azhukkuchaalukalude sthaanathu ganyamaaya shakti kuranjuvenkilum ippozhum kuranju. virgenia" puratthuvannu, pakshe idikkaan mathiyaya dooramilla.
rund divasathinu sesham, ippozhum commander-inn-cheefaayi pravartthikkunna president linkon flag officer goldsberoyode ingane nirddeshichu "galenayudeyum athinoppam varunna rund ganbottukaludeyum sahayamillaathe ningalkk" merimac "[linken vadakkum kappalukalude munnamam upayogichu] vijayakaramaayi neridaan kazhiyumennu ningalkk sahikkavunna aathmavishwaasamundengil, general mcclellane pinthunaykkaan" galena "yum rund ganbottukalum oresamayam jaims nadiyilekku ayaykkuka."presidentinte eee vibhajana shakti rund theera baattarikale nishabdamaakkukayum ganbottukal css" "jaimstown" ", css" "patrick henry" "enniva jaims nadiyilekku madangaan nirbandhikkukayum cheythu".
1862 meyy 9 nuu, president linkon thanne, pailattumaarumaayi samsaarikkukayum charttukal padikkukayum cheytha sesham, sueval pooyintinu kizhakode veendum parisodhikkukayum villoby pooyintinu sameepam anuyojyamaaya oru kottayillaattha landing saitt kandethukayum cheythu. sainyam annu ratri gathagatham aarambhichu. pittennu raavile avar rashtrapathy thiranjeduttha sthalathinu sameepam ethi. randaamathethu, ippozhum ozhukunna, addehathinte "command kappal" miyami "yill ninnu baattarikal ippozhum aalukalundo ennu arian seval pooyint veendum bandhippikkaan" monittar "cheyyaan utharavittu. eee srishtikal upekshikkappettathayi kandethiyappol, president linkon mejar general voolinte sainyathodu norphokkilekk march cheyyaan utharavittu, avide avar 10-aamm theeyathi uchathirinju ethi.
1862 meyy 10 nuu, richmandine prathirodhikkunnathinaayi upadveepil ninnu general pinvalicalil konfedarettu senakal ozhippikkunnathin munbu norphoc nevi yard kathichu. union sainikar fort monroyil ninnu hampton roadukal kadannu samudra kaazhchayil erangukayum norphokkine pidichedukkukayum cheythu. muzhuvan pradeshavum union niyanthranathilaayathode, azhukkuchaalukalile otappetta baattarikalkk avayude praadhaanyam nashtappedukayum upekshikkappedukayum cheythu. pathonpathaam noottaandinte sheshikkunna kaalaghattatthil eee pradesham valiyathothil avikasithavum janasandrata kuravumaayirunnu.
20-aamm noottaandil sevels choondikkaanikkunnu.
irupathaam noottaandinte thudakkathil, azhukkuchaalukalile rund sambhavavikasangal american charithratthil athinte pankine deerghakaalathekku badhikkum. lokathile ettavum valia naavika thaavalamaayi maarunnathin oororutharum adithara paakukayum cheythu.
aadyathethu valarunna railway vyaavasaayika shakthikalum thammilulla oru sivilian yudhamaayi visheshippikkaam. mattonn oru sivilian aakhoshamaayi aarambhichu. virjeeniyan reyilveyudeyum jaimstown expositionteyum kettidangalaayirunnu iva.
virjeeniyan reyilveyude nirmmaanam.
1890kalude madhyathil vilyam enn. munbu chesapeak, ohiyo railway (sii & oo) nirmmikkunna oru sivil enchineeyar oru swapnam kandu. thekkupadinjaaran virjeeniyayile puthiya nadeethadatthinum lover gandot nadikkum idayil sii & oyum athinte pradhana ethiraaliyaaya norphok vestten railway (enn & dablyu) ithuvare athiyittillaatha sambannamaaya bituminus kalkkarippaadangalekkuri addehathinu ariyamaayirunnu.
sameepa pradeshangal vikasippikkunnathilum reyil vazhi hampton rodukalilekku kalkari athikkunnathilum thirakkilaaya valia railway samvidaanangal addeham oru padhathi roopeekarichu. avikasithamaya kalkari bhoomiye muthaledukkunnathinaayi, bhoomi vaangaan sahaayikkunnathin peju niravadhi suhruthukkale nikshepakaraayi chertthu. 1898-ll addeham oru cheria maram pathikkunna railway swanthamaakki, athu intra stettu (vestt virjeeniyaykkullil maathram) deep vaattar railway aayi parivartthanam cheyyukayum vipuleekarikkukayum cheythu. kanava nadiyude theerathulla sii & oyude nilavilulla lainukalumaayum madovaakayile enn & dablyu yumayum bandhippikkaan puthiya short line railway padhathiyittu.
peju thante aazhathilulla railway vikasippichappol, kanakshanukal undakkunnathinum valia reyilvekalumaayi anukoolamaaya nirakkukal pankidunnathinumaayi addeham oru mathililekku oodi. bhaaviyile valarchaykku eee pradesham thangaludethaanennu sii & oo, enn & dablyu ennivayude nethaakkal kanakkakkiyathaayi pinneedu velippettu. pejumaayum addehathinte aazhathilulla reyilveyumaayi charcha cheyyaan visammathikkaan avar rahasyamaayi sammathichu.
pratheekshichathupole peju pinmariyilla. pakaram, rund valia reyilvekalude vardhichuvarunna aashayakkuzhappathilekk addeham dhaarshtyathode thante aazhathilulla railway nirmmikkunnath thudarnnu. eee samrambhathil nishabda pankaalikalaayirunna pejinte nikshepakaril oraal dhanakaarya vidagthanum vyavasayiyumaaya henry huttleston roggers aanennu avarkk ariyillaayirunnu, staanderd oayil trasttinte pradhana vyakthikalil oralaayi thante aadya bhagyam nediya kodeeswaranaayirunnu addeham. valia reyilvekal eee nikshepam paraajayappeduthaan rogarmar thayyarayilla. pakaram, adhehavum pejum parvathangalil ninnu purathukadakkaan rahasyamaayi aasoothranam cheyyukayum "virjeeniyaykk kuruke kizhakode hampton roadukal vare" swantham vazhi surakshithamaakkukayum cheythu!"
aaa bhagam aaa samsthaanathaayirikkunnathi virjeeniyayil tidewater railway enna prathyeka kambani roopeekarichu. aasoothranavum bhoomi ettedukkalum pradhaanamaayum rahasyamaayaan nadannathu. 35 sarveyarmaarude oru samgham mathsyathozhilaalikalaayi veshamidunnu (februvariyile oru njaayarazhcha) virjeeniyayile glen linil puthiya nadiyude crossing vestt virjeeniyayil ninnu idungiya, virjeeniyayiloode variyude aduthulla bhaagavum mapp cheythu. puthiya paatha pradhaanamaayum ronock nadiyude thaazhvaraye neela ridge parvathanirakaliloode pinthudarukayum thudarnnu hampton rooad eriyayilekku kizhakode oodukayum cheythu.
vazhiyiludaneelam vividha samudaayangalumaayi karaarukal nisshabdamaayi nadannu. ivayil norphoc, sthaapitha norphoc & vestten reyilveyude hoome-turf lamberts pooyintile kalkarikkappalum ulppedunnu. oru puthiya kalkkarikkappal nirmmikkaan mathiyaya bhoomiyulla hampton rodukalude munvashathekkulla praveshanam muzhuvan padhathiyilum nirnaayakamaayirunnu. hampton rodukalilum sameepa pradeshangalilum munvashath ninnu peju rogarmar thaalpparyappedunna azhukkuchaalukalude sthalathaanu avikasita bhoomi sthithicheythirunnathu. puthiya reyilveyude nirmmaanam sugamamaakkunnathin, norphoc azhukkuchaalukalude poyintilekku ethaan nagarathinu chuttum poornnamaayum vyaapichukidakkunna oru raitt-oof-way nalki.
avarude bhoomiyum pathayum surakshithamaayathode 1905-ll peju (rogarmaarude aidantitti ippozhum velippeduthiyittilla) puthiya reyilveyude backie bhagangal nirmmikkaan thudangi. enthaanu sambhavikkunnathenn valia reyilvekal oduvil manassilaakkiyappozhekkum avarude puthiya ethiraaliye vijayakaramaayi thadayaan kazhinjilla. oru varshathilereyaayi rogezhsinte vyakthithvavum pinthunayum oduvil velippeduthappettu. 1907-nte thudakkathil, ippozhum nirmmaanathilirikkunna aazhathilulla vellavum tidewater railway samyojippichu virjeeniyan railway (vgn) aayi maari.
ekadesham athe samayam, puthiya virjeeniyan railway tracukalude norphoc bhagam poortthiyaayi. 1907 leeii vasanthakaalath thuranna sevel pooyintile vii. jii. enn kalkkarikkappal sthalathinu vadakku karayil nadanna jaimstown pradarshanatthinu ithu krithyasamayathu thelinju.
ekadesham 25 varsham munbu valia railway nirmmichappol labhyamallaatha nirmmaana saankethikavidyakal upayogichum rogarmaarude swantham swakaarya sambathu upayogichu jolic panam nalkiyum puthiya virjeeniyan railway uyarnna nilavaarathilaanu nirmmichathu. annathe oru enchiniyaring athbhuthamaaya vii. jii. ennil avasana spike 1909 januvari 29 nuu oodichu.
1909 eprilil, thante puthiya "parvathangal kadal" reyilveyude poorttheekaranatthinte aaghoshathil rogezhsine norphokkil aadarichu. reyilveyude puthiya 25 laksham dollarinte kalkkarikkappal addeham seavel pooyintil sandarshikkukayum maarkk twayne oru valia norphoc virunnil samsaarikkukayum cheythu.
virjeeniyan railway sevel pooyintilulla athinte terminal location irupathaam noottaandile yuu. ezz naavika charithratthil oru pradhana punk vahichu. muun exposition groundinodu chernnu sthithi cheiyunna (1917 muthal oru pradhana naavika soukaryamaayi maariyath) vii. jii. enn. us naavikasenaykku anukoolamaaya uyarnna nilavaaramulla pukayillaatha bituminus kalkari kappalukalkkayi athichu.
1959ll vii. jii. enn norphoc & vestten kambaniyumaayi layippichappol, sivilian kalkari loading lamberts poyintilekku maattukayum kurachu varshangalkk sesham naavikasena eee sthalam vaangukayum cheythu. muun vii. jii. enn. sevels pooyint saitt ippol american aikyanaadukalude naavika steshan norphokkinte bhagamaanu.
1907leeii jaimstown pradarshanam.
irupathaam noottaandinte thudakkathil amerikkayil janapriyamaayirunna lokathile niravadhi melakalilum pradarshanangalilum onnaayirunnu jaimstown pradarshanam. 1607ll jaimstown settilment sthaapithamaayathinte 300-aamm vaarshikathinte smaranaykkaayi 1907 epril 26 muthal desember 1 vare sevel pooyintil ithu nadannu.
irupathaam noottaandinte thudakkathil, triyaanduvarsham aduthethiyappol, norphokkile nethaakkal avide oru aakhosham nadathaanulla oru pracharanam aarambhichu. 1900ll 300-aamm vaarshikathil jaimstownil nadakkunna puthiya lokathile aadyathe sthiramaaya engleesh koolani sthaapikkunnathine bahumaanikkunna oru aaghoshathinu ahvaanam cheythukondu association phoor dhii prejarveshan oof virgenia antiquities panthu uruttikkondirunnu.
jaimstown dveepile yadhaartha otappettathum deerghakaalamaayi upekshikkappettathuma yadhaartha saitt anuyojyamaakumennu aarum karuthiyirunnilla. valia aalkkoottam earppedaan kazhiyunna soukaryangalonnum jaimstownil illaayirunnathinaal jaims nadhi valarekkalam munbu jaims kottaye vizhungiyirunnathayi vishwasikkappettirunnu. ennirunnaalum, samsthaana thalasthaanamaaya richmond aaghoshathinte sthalamaayi thiranjedukkappedumennu samsthaanathinte pala bhagangalilum oru anumaanam undaayirunnu.
jaims emm enna pathratthinte oru edittoriyalaanu hampton roads thaalparyam unarthiyathu. 1901 februvari 4 nuu thomsante "norphoc dispatch", ingane prakhyaapichu "eee aakhosham nadatthaan norphoc sariyaaya sthalamaanu ennathil samshayamilla. innu norphoc virjeeniyayude ettavum janasamkhyayulla bhaagatthinte kendramaanu, koodaathe charitraparavum bisinassaayathum vaikarikavumaaya ellah kaaranangalum richmandinekkaal ivide nadakkunna aaghoshathinu anukoolamaayi avatharippikkan kazhiyum."
pradarshanatthinte sthalamenna nilayil norphokkinte nirantharamaaya chaambyanaayirunnu eee dispatch, thudarnnulla edittoriyalukalil richmandinu jaims nadiyile sthalamallaathe aaghoshathinu yaathoru avakaashavaadavumillennu soochippichu."
1901 septambarode norphoc sitti kaunsil padhathikku pinthuna nalkukayum desemberil hampton rodukalile 100 pramukha thamasakkaar norphokkine saittayi abhyarthikkaan richmandilekku yaatra cheyyukayum cheythu. 1902ll jaimstown exposition kambani. samyojippichu. muun virgenia govarnor fitshog liie, general roobert iii. yude anantharavan. liie, athinte presidentaayi thiranjedukkappettu.
azhukkuchaalukalude oru mile neelamulla munvashath anthaaraashtra pradarshanam kandethaan theerumaanichu. norphoc, porttsmouthu, newport nyoos, hampton ennee nagarangalil ninnu eathaandu thulya akalam ullathinaal eee sthalam raashtreeyamaayi sariyaanu. grameena azhukkuchaalukal soukaryapradamaayi avayil eathenkilum onninu sameepamaayirunnu. karamargam athicheraan prayaasamaanengilum, vellathiloode kooduthal anukoolamaayi athicheraan kazhiyumaayirunnu, ithu aathyanthikamayi oru swathaayi maari.
jaimstown pradarshanam oru logistic pediswapnamaanennu thelinju. sthalathekku roadukal nirmmikkendivannu. pradarshana kettidangalilekku saadhanangal neekkunnathinaayi thuramukhangal nirmmikkendivannu. pradarshana sandarshakare kaikaaryam cheiyunnathinaayi november adachupoottumbozhekkum ekadesham 3 dasalaksham hotelukal sthaapikkendivannu. mosham kaalavastha ellaam mandagathiyilaakki.
mattoru pradhana thirichadi fitshog leeyude maranamaayirunnu. nyoo englandil aaghoshathinaayi vyapaaram nadathunnathinidayil addeham marichu. henry sent. mattoru muun virgenia kongrassukaaranaaya jorjju tucker addehathinte pingamiyaayi. norphoc bisinasukaranaaya david lovenberg director generalayi mikka pravartthanangalum nadatthi.
udghaadana divasam thalavedanayude oru punk undaayirunnu. vaidyutha vilakkukalude anjilonnu maathrame oonaakkaan kazhinjulloo, koodaathe warpath vinoda mekhala thayyarayilla. sarkkar kappalthaavalatthinte nirmmaanam manninte bhooribhaagavum pradarshanatthile cheli sooppinte madhyathil avasheshichu.
ennaal kaalakramena karyangal mechappedukayum paripadi gambheeramaavukayum cheythu. oro samsthaanathinteyum charithravum vyavasaayavum aaghoshikkaan oru veedu sambhavana cheyyaan aasoothrakar aavasyappettu. palishayo fandukaloo illaathathinaal ellaavarudeyum pankaalittham thadanju, ennaal 21 samsthaanangal dhanasahayam nalkia veedukalkku avarude perukal undaayirunnu pensylvania house, virgenia house, nyoo hamshire house, north carolina house muthalaayava. pradarshana velayil, samsthaanangale vyakthiparamayi aadarikkunnathinaayi divasangal neekkivachirunnu. samsthaana govarnor saadhaaranayaayi samsthaana bhavanathile sandarshakare abhivaadyam cheyyaarund. naavika steshan norphokkile dillingham boulivaardil "admiral roow" ennu vilikkappedunna samsthaana bhavanangalil pathimoonnu ippozhum kaanaan kazhiyum."avayil palathum ippol unnatha naavika udyogastharude vasathikalaanu.
american president theodor rooswelt oru vishishtaathidhiyaayirunnu. maarkk twine henry echu. rogarmaarum sandarshichu, randaamathethinte yaatt "kanava" yill. erattakalude haasya prasangam bhaagikamaayi rear admiral parnal eph. yude aamukhamaayirunnu. norphoc nevi yaardile muun kamaandantaayirunnu haaringtan. admiral haaringtaninte swaagathathekkurichulla ente paraamarsangalil njaan addehathinu abhinandanangal nalkaan pookunnilla", twayne paranju. abhinandanangal ellaayppozhum oru manushyane nanam keduthunnu. enthaanu parayendathennu ningalkk ariyilla. athu vaakkukal kondu ningale prachodippikkunnilla. oru abhinandanathinu utharam nalkikkond ningalkk onnum parayaan kazhiyilla. ennethanne niravadhi thavana prashamsikkukayum avar enne eppozhum naanamkettavanakkukayum cheythittundu. avar vendathra paranjittillenn enikku ellaayppozhum thonnunnu."
eee pradarshanam saambathikamaayi paraajayappettenkilum, athu oru american uddeshyavum norphoc, hampton roadukalkk vendiyullathum aayirunnu.
orupakshe pradarshanatthinte ettavum aakarshakamaaya pradarshanam karayilalla, vellathilaayirunnu. admiral robley evansinte neethrthwathil rund schwadronukalude kappalukal azhukkuchaalukalk purathu thudarchayaaya saannidhyam srishtichu. pathinaar yudhakkappalukalum anchu cruiserukalum aarr distroyarukalum asambliyil ulppettirunnu. pradarshanam avasaanichathinusesham kappalppada hampton roadukalil thudarukayum president roosvelttinte "grettu vaitt fleet" aayi maarukayum cheythu, ithu raajyathinte sainikashakthiyude thelivaayi lokamembaadum sanjarichu. mikkavarum ellah kongras amgangalum pramukha senattarmaarum pradarshanatthil pankedutthirunnu, koodaathe norphokkile admiralukal pradarshana sthalathu oru naavika thaavalam srishtikkaan abhyarthichu. ennirunnaalum, onnaam lokamahaayudhathinte prachodanam nalkikkond eee ashayam yaadhaarthyamaakunnathinu ekadesham 10 varsham munbu kadannupokum.
1917 juun 28nuu president vudro vilson bhoomi vaangunnathinum aditharaykkaayi sambharanashaalakalum thuramukhangalum nirmmikkunnathinumayi 28 laksham dollar neekkivachu. aadyam etteduthathil 367 ennam pazhaya jaimstown pradarshana maithaanangalaayirunnu. sainika swath pinneedu ganyamaayi vipuleekarichu. muun virjeeniyan railway kalkari thuramukhangal, bhoomi, norphoc & vestten reyilveyude udamasthathayilulla aduthulla kalkari sambharana soukaryam enniva 1960kalilum 1970kalilum chertthu.
21-aamm noottaandil sevels choondikkaanikkunnu.
naavika steshan norphoc nilavil azhukkuchaalukal ulkkollunnu. ekadesham lokathile ettavum valia naavika thaavalamaanu eee thaavalam.
anchaam naavika jillayude aasthaanam, atlaantik kappalppada, randaam kappalppada, naatto anubandha command parivartthanam enniva ivideyundu. naavika samuchayathil naavika steshan norphoc, naas norphoc, hampton rooad pradeshathe mattu naavika soukaryangal enniva ulppedunnu.
avide portt cheytha 78 kappalukalum 133 vimaanangalum kadalil illaathappol, avaa 14 thuramukhangalil onninodoppamo allengil 15 vimana hangerukalil onninodoppamo attakuttappanikal, refit, pariseelanam, kappalinteyo schwadronukaludeyo kroovinu avarude kudumbathodoppam thamasikkaan avasaram nalkal ennivaykkaayi undu. vimaanavahinikkappalukal, cruiserukal, distroyarukal, valia ubhayachara kappalukal, antharvaahinikal, vividatharam vitharana, logistic kappalukal ennivayude aasthaanamaanu eee thaavalam. thuramukha sevanangal prathivarsham 3,100-ladhikam kappalukalude sanjaarathe niyanthrikkunnu, avaa avarude berthukalil athukayum purappedukayum cheiyunnu. thuramukha soukaryangal theerathu naalu myliladhikam (6 kilometer) vyaapichukidakkunnu, koodaathe ezhu mile (11 kilometer) kadaltheeravum warf sthalavum ulppedunnu.