
kalavastha enchiniyaring

kaarban dye ooksaid neekkam cheiyunnathinum solar radiation maanejmentinum upayogikkunna oru padamaanu klaimat enchiniyaring (jio enchiniyaring ennum vilikkunnu), ithu oru graha skailil prayogikkumbol solar jio enchiniyaring ennum vilikkunnu. ennirunnaalum, avaykku valare vyathyasthamaaya geophysical swabhaavasavisheshathakalundu, athinaalaan kalavastha vyathiyanathekkurichulla anthar gavanmental paanal eee vyapakamaaya padam upayogikkaathirunnath. kalavastha vyathiyaanam laghookarikkunnathinte bhagamaanu kaarban dye ooksaid neekkam cheiyunnathinulla sameepanagal. sooryaprakaasham (sourorjja vikiranam) bahiraakaashathekku prathifalippikkunnathu solar jio enchineeyaringil ulppedunnu. ellah tharatthilulla jio enchiniyaring kalavastha vyathiyaanathinulla otappetta parihaaramalla, marichu kalavastha vyathiyana laghookaranathinte mattu roopangalumaayi samyojippikkendathundu. jio enchineeyaringinulla mattoru sameepanam nishkriya radiative koolingiloode bhoomiyude taapa udvamanam vardhippikkuka ennathaanu.
kaarban dye ooksaid neekkam cheiyunnathine "anthareekshathil ninnu kaarban dye ooksaid (CO2) neekkam cheyyukayum bhoomishaasthraparamo bhoumaparamo samudra jalasambharanikalilo uthppannangalilo susthiramaayi sambharikkukayum cheiyunna naravamshajanya pravartthanangal" ennaanu nirvachichirikkunnathu. ithil jaiva allengil bhooraasaayanika kaarban dye ooksaid sinkukalude nilavilullathum saadhyathayullathumaaya naravamshajanya vardhanavum nerittulla vaayu kaarban dye ooksaid pidichedukkalum sambharanavum ulppedunnu, ennaal manushya pravartthanangal nerittu undaakkaatha swaabhaavika kaarban dye ooksaid uthppaadanam ozhivaakkunnu."
falaprapti, paarshwafalangal, apratheekshitha prathyaaghaathangal ennivayekkurichulla valia anishchithathvangal kaaranam chila tharatthilulla kalavastha enchiniyaring valare vivaadaparamaanu. ennirunnaalum, atharam edapedalukalude apakadasadhyathakal avayillathe kalavastha vyathiyaanathinte paathayude pashchaathalatthil kaanam.
nirvachanangal.
kalavastha enchiniyaring (allengil jio enchiniyaring) oru graha skailil prayogikkumbol kaarban dye ooksaid neekkam cheiyunnathinum solar radiation maanejmentinum (allengil solar jio enchiniyaring) oru kudakkeezhayi upayogikkunnu. ennirunnaalum, eee rund reethikalkkum valare vyathyasthamaaya geophysical swabhaavasavisheshathakalundu, athinaalaan kalavastha vyathiyanathekkurichulla anthar gavanmental paanal eee padam inii upayogikkaathath. eee theerumaanam 2018 ll ariyikkapettu, udaaharanathinu "1.5 digri selshyasinte aagolathaapanathekkurichula prathyeka report" kaanuka. 
chila ezhuthukaar, udaaharanathinu mukhyadharaa maadyamangalil, nishkriya pakalsamaya vikirana thanuppikkal, "ooshyan jio enchiniyaring" ennivayum kalavastha enchineeyaringinte kaaryatthilum ulppedunnu.
saankethikavidyakal.
nishkriya pakalsamaya vikirana thanuppikkal.
nishkriya pakalsamaya vikirana thanuppikkaliloode bhoomiyude taapa udvamanam vardhippikkunnathu jio enchineeyaringinulla oru badalaayi allengil moonnaamathe sameepanamaayi nirddeshikkappettittund, athu stratosphere aerosol injectionekkaal "kuranja nuzhanjukayattavum" kooduthal pravachikkavunnathum allengil thirichedukkaavunnathumaya sameepanamaan.
samudra jio enchiniyaring.
samudrathile jeevajaalangale pinthunaykkunnathino/allengil verthirikkunnathino ulla kazhivine baadhikkunnathinaayi samudrathilekku chunnaambu allengil irumbu polulla vasthukkal cherkkunnath samudra jio enchineeyaringil ulppedunnu. 2021ll yuu. ezz. naashanal akkadami oof sciences, enchiniyaring, medisin (nassem) adutha dashakathil gaveshanathinaayi 2.5 bilyan dollar fund abhyarthichu, prathyekichu feeld testtukal ulppede.
samudrathinte chulivukal.
kaalsyam hydroxide (chunnaambu) upayogichu samudrajalam sambushtamaakkunnathu samudrathile acidity kuraykkumennu report cheyyappettittund, ithu chippikal polulla samudrajeevikalude melulla sammarddam kuraykkukayum agiranam cheyyukayum cheiyunnu. cherttha chunnaambu vellathinte piechu uyarthi, kaalsyam bicarbonate roopathilo molesk shellukalil nikshepikkunna carbonate roopathilo pidichedukkunnu. simant vyavasaayathinaayi chunnaambu alavil uthppaadippikkunnu. 2022ll floridayile apalachikkolayil oosttarinte ennam kurayunnathu thadayunnathinulla oru pareekshanatthilaanu ithu vilayiruthiyathu. piechu alavu mithamaayi vardhichu, 70 ppm kuranju.
2014 leeii oru pareekshanam oostreliyayude grettu barrier reefinte bhaagathekku soodiyam hydroxide (lye) chertthu. ithu piechu alavu ekadesham vyavasaayathin munbulla thalangalilekku uyarthi.
ennirunnaalum, kshara vasthukkal uthppaadippikkunnathu saadhaaranayaayi valia alavil shaarangal purathuvidunnu, ithu sequestratione bhaagikamaayi nikathunnu. kshara aditteevukal oru maasathinullil layippikkukayum chitharikkidakkukayum cheiyunnu, modiyulla efakttukal illaathe, aavashyamenkil, deerghakaala efakttukal avasheshippikkaathe prograam avasaanippikkaan kazhiyum.
antarvaahini vanam.
2022 leeii mattoru pareekshanam namibian theerathu natta bheeman kelpp upayogichu kaarban verthirichedukkaan shramichu. eee sameepanathe gaveshakar "ooshyan jio enchiniyaring" ennu vilichittundenkilum ithu sequestration vazhi kaarban dye ooksaid neekkam cheiyunnathinte mattoru roopamaanu. eee prakriya vivarikkan upayogikkunna mattoru padam "blue kaarban maanejment", koodaathe "maraine jio enchiniyaring" ennivayaanu.
prasnangal.
kalavastha saambathika shaasthranjanaaya gernot wagnerude abhipraayathil "jio enchiniyaring" enna padam "pradhaanamaayum oru karakaushalavasthuvum janapriya vyavahaarathil pathivayi upayogikkunna padangalude falavumaanu", "avyakthavum ellaam ulkkollunnathumaayathil valareyadhikam ardham nashtappettu".
valia thothilulla edapedalukal prakrithi samvidaanangalude aasoothrithamallaatha thadassangalkku kooduthal apakadasaadhyatha srishtikkunnu, ithu atharam thadassangal avaa nikathunna kalavastha naashathekkaal kooduthal doshakaramaakumenna aashayakkuzhappathin kaaranamaakunnu.
dhaarmika vashangal.
kalavastha enchiniyaring dhaarmika apakadatthinte oru roopamaaya kaarban udvamanam kuraykkunnathinulla aavasyakatha kurachekkaam. ennirunnaalum, niravadhi pothujanabhipraaya sarvekalum focus grouppukalum kalavastha enchineeyaringinte saannidhyathil malineekarana vettikkurav vardhippikkaanulla aagraham allengil falamundaakillennu report cheythu. kalavastha vyathiyaanathinte moolakaaranangal pariharikkathirikkaanum nammude udvamanam kuraykkaathirikkaanum kuranja kaarban sambadvyavasthayilekku neengaanum saankethikavidya oru ozhikazhivaayi maarumenna apakadatthilekku bandhapetta shaasthranjarude union viral choondunnu. kalavastha enchineeyaringinte saadhyatha vaasthavathil udvamanam kuraykkunnathinulla saadhyatha vardhippikkumennu mattu modeling jolikal soochippikkunnu.
kalavastha enchineeyaringinu kaalaavasthaye maattaan kazhiyumenkil, kaalaavasthaye manahpoorvvam maattaan manushyarkk avakaashamundo, eathu saahacharyathilaanu enna chodyangal ithu uyarthunnu. udaaharanathinu, thaapanila sthirappeduthunnathinu kalavastha enchiniyaring upayogikkunnathu mattethenkilum aavashyathinaayi kaalavastha opttimais cheiyunnathinu thulyamalla. chila mathapaarambaryangal manushyarum avarude chuttupaadukalum thammilulla bandhathekkurichu kaazhchappaadukal prakadippikkunnu, athu kaalaavasthaye baadikkunnathinulla vyakthamaaya pravartthanangale prothsaahippikkunnu (utharavaadithamulla melnottam vahikkaan) allengil niruthsaahappeduthunnu (habris ozhivakkaan).
athiraalikal niravadhi ethirppukal unnayikkunnu kalavastha enchineeyaringinu puranthallal kuraykkunnathinulla sammarddam kuraykkaan kazhiyum, ithu mothatthilulla kalavastha apakadasadhyathakal vardhippikkum. koodaathe, mikka sramangalkkum thaalkkaalika phalangal maathrame undaakoo, avaa nilanilkkunnillenkil athivegam thirichuvaravu soochippikkunna nirantharam vardhichuvarunna edapedalukal aavasyamaanu. kalavastha enchineeyaringinte bheeshani udvamanam kuraykkaan kaaranamaakumenn mattullavar vaadikkunnu.
samoohavum samskaaravum.
pothubodham.
america, yunaittad kingdom, austreliya, nyoosiland ennividangalile aarr kalavastha enchiniyaring reethikalekkurichulla pothu daaranakal anweshikkaan 2018 leeii oru valia patanam oru oonlain sarway upayogichu. kalavastha enchineeyaringinekkurichu pothu avabodham kuravaayirunnu; prathikarichavaril anchil oru pankilum thaazhe perr munkoor arivu report cheythu. nirddeshikkappetta aarr kalavastha enchiniyaring reethikalekkurichulla daaranakal (kaarban dye ooksaid neekkam cheiyunna groupil ninnulla moonnu, solar jio enchiniyaring groupil ninnulla moonnu) pradhaanamaayum negatteevu aayirunnu, koodaathe 'apakadasaadyathayulla', 'krithrima', 'anjjaathamaaya phalangal' thudangiya aatribyoottukalumayi palappozhum bandhappettirikkunnu. sourorjja jio enchineeyaringinekkaal kaarban dye ooksaid neekkam cheiyunnathinulla reethikalkkaanu munganana nalkiyathu. sarvekalil vividha rajyangal thammilulla cheria vyathyaasangal maathram ullathinaal pothujanangalude daaranakal shradheyamaayi sthirathayullathaayirunnu.
chila paristhithi samghadanakal (fronds oof dhii erthu, greenpease polullava) sourorjja jio enchineeyaringine amgeekarikkaano ethirkkaano vimukhatha kaanikkunnundengilum vananaseekaranam, peetlaand punasthaapanam thudangiya prakrithi adisthaanamaakkiyulla kaarban dye ooksaid neekkam cheyyal padhathikale palappozhum kooduthal pinthunaykkunnu.
charithram.
us kongras, us naashanal akkadami oof sciences, enchiniyaring aandu medisin, royal sosaitti, yuke paarlament, instittyoott oof mechanical enchineeyarmaar, kalavastha vyathiyanathekkurichulla anthar gavanmental paanal ennivayulppede niravadhi samghadanakal kalavastha enchineeyaringinekkurichu athinte saadhyathakal vilayiruthunnathinayi anweshanam nadathiyittundu. nirddishta reethikalude (eyar capture, arban albido, algal adhishtitha capture teknikkukal) oru cheria upavibhagam aimeshe report parishodhichu, athinte pradhana nigamanangal kalavastha enchiniyaring sambadvyavasthayude vishalamaaya decarbonisationotoppam cheria thothil gaveshanam cheyyukayum pareekshikkukayum venam ennathaayirunnu.
royal sosaitti avalokanam nirddishta kalavastha enchiniyaring reethikalude vishalamaaya shreni parisodhikkukayum falaprapti, thaangaanaavunna vila, samayanishta, suraksha (oro vilayiruthalilum gunaparamaaya esttimettukal nalkunnu) ennivayude adisthaanathil avaa vilayiruthukayum cheythu. kalavastha vyathiyaanam laghookarikkunnathinum poruthappeduthunnathum, prathyekichu aagola udvamanam kuraykkunnathinu sammathikkunnathinum" un. eph. sii. sii. siyude kakshikal vardhicha sramangal nadatthanam, koodaathe "jio enchiniyaring oopshanukalekkurichu ippol ariyappedunna [onnum] eee sramangal kuraykkunnathinu oru kaaranavum nalkunnilla" ennathaayirunnu pradhana shupaarshakal. ennirunnaalum, "eee noottaandile choodu nirakk kuraykkunnathinu aavashyamenkil apakadasaadhyatha kuranja reethikal labhyamakkaanaakumo ennu anweshikkaan kalavastha enchiniyaring oopshanukalude gaveshanavum vikasanavum ettedukkanamennum report shupaarsha cheythu".
2009-ll, oru avalokanam enchiniyaring saadhyatha allengil saambathika chelavu polulla praayogika parigananakalekkaal nirddishta reethikalude shaasthreeyamaaya saadhyatha parishodhichu. [vaayu] pidichedukkalum sambharanavum vananaseekaranam, punar vanavalkkaranam, jaiva-chaar uthppaadanam ennivayumaayi samyojippichu ettavum valia saadhyathakal kaanikkunnu" ennu rachayithakkal kandethi, koodaathe "ganyamaaya maadhyamashradha nediya mattu nirddeshangal, prathyekichu" samudra paippukal "phalapradamallennu thonnunnu". [kalavastha] jio enchiniyaring oru badalaayi kanakkakkunnathinupakaram, udvamanam laghookarikkunnathinulla saadhyathayulla poorakamaayi kanakkaakkappedunnu" ennu avar nigamanam cheythu.
2015ll yuu. ezz. naashanal akkadami oof sciences, enchiniyaring, medisin enniva kalavastha enchineeyaringinte prathyaaghaathangal, nettangal, chelavukal enniva padikkunnathinaayi 21 maasathe oru padhathi avasaanippichu. kalavastha enchineeyaringinte eee rund vibhagangal thammilulla vyathyaasangal "rund tharatthilulla sameepanangale koottaali reportukalil vevvere vilayiruthaan kammittiye nayichu, ithu bhaaviyile shaasthreeyavum nayaparavumaaya charchakalilekku kondupokumennu prathekshikkunnu."2015 februvariyil" "kalavastha edapedal" "enna thalakkettil puratthirakkiya padanatthil rund vaalyangal adangiyirikkunnu" "sooryaprakaashathe thanuppikkunnathinaayi prathifalippikkunnu", "" "kaarban dye ooksaid neekkam cheyyalum vishwasaneeyamaaya verthiricalum". padanathekkurichulla avarude hraswa vivaranam anusaricha kalavastha edapedal kaarban dye ooksaid udvamanam kuraykkunnathinum kalavastha vyathiyaanathinte prathikoola prathyaaghaathangal kuraykkunnathinu lakshyamidunna poruthappedutthal sramangalkkum pakaramalla. ennirunnaalum, rekhappeduthappetta manushyacharithrathil orikkalum anubhavichittillaatha kaalaavasthaavyathiyaanathinthin oru kaalaghattatthilekku nammude graham praveshikkumbol, kalavastha vyathiyaanathe prathirodhikkaan kalavastha samvidaanathil manahpoorvvam edapedaanulla saadhyathayil thaalparyam vardhichukondirikkanu... kaarban dye ooksaid neekkam cheyyal thanthrangal kalavastha vyathiyaanathinte oru pradhana chaalakashakthiye abhisambodhana cheiyunnu, ennaal eee saankethikavidyakalil eathenkilum valia thothilulla vinyaasathin anuyojyamaano ennu poornnamaayum vilayiruthaan gaveshanam aavasyamaanu. albido parishkarana thanthrangalkk grahatthinte uparithalathe athivegam thanuppikkaan kazhiyum, pakshe paristhithiyum mattu apakadasaadhyathakalum undaakkunnu, athu nannayi manassilaakkiyittillathum athinaal kalavastha-maatta skeyilukalil vinyasikkappededathallathu; albido parishkarana sameepanagal bhaviyil praayogikamaakumo ennu nirnnayikkaan kooduthal gaveshanam aavasyamaanu.2023 juunil us sarkkar oru report puratthirakki, athu stratosphere aerosol injection, maraine claude braittaning ennivayekkurichu gaveshanam nadatthaan shupaarsha cheythu.

