
irving gill

irving joonn gill (epril 26,1870-october 7,1936), professionalaayi irving jeey ennariyappedunna oru american vaasthushilpiyaayirunnu. gill. thekkan kaaliforniyayil, prathyekichu saan diegoyilum loss enjalsilum addeham thante jolikalude bhooribhaagavum cheythu. vaasthuvidyayile aadhunika prasthaanatthinte thudakkakkaaranaayi addeham kanakkaakkappedunnu. thekkan kaaliforniyayiludaneelamulla addehathinte panthrand kettidangal charitraparamaaya sthalangalude deseeya rajisttaril pattikappedutthiyittundu, mattu palathum praadeshika sarkkarukal charitraparamaayathaayi naamanirddesham cheythittundu.
aadyakaala jeevitam.
1870 epril 26 nuu newyorkkile tulliyil josephinteyum synthia scullen gillinteyum makalaayi gill janichu. pithaav oru karshakan pinneedu oru marappanikkaaranumaayirunnu. kuttikkaalathu syracusile maadisan street schoolil gill padichu.
1889 aayappozhekkum ellis jiyude keezhil draftsmaanaayi gill pravarthikkukayaayirunnu. syracusil haal. pinneedu 1890-ll addeham varshangalkk munbu haalinte pankaliyaayirunna joseph lyman syllsbiotoppam pravartthikkaan chikkagoyilekku maari. oduvil 1891ll gill adlerilekkum sullivanilekkum pooyi. frank lloyd raitt ulppede niravadhi irakkumathi chikkago school aarkkidekttukalumaayi addehathinte apprenteeshipp avide othukoodi. avidevechu addeham 1893leeii chikkago waled fairile oru exhibition haalaya gathagatha kettidatthil jolie cheythu. addehathinte maranathinu valarekkalam kazhinju, asukham kaaranam gill orikkalum aaa padhathiyude avasaanam kandillennu avakashappettu. eee avakaashavaadatthinte sathyasandhatha orikkalum rekhappeduthiyittil, athu valare saadhyathayillaathathaanu. melayude varshamaaya 1893-ll addeham svanthamaayi vasthuvidyaa pariseelanam aarambhikkunnathinayi saan diegoilekku maari.
currier.
gill saan deagoyil sthirathaamasamaakkiyappol, addehathinte aarogyam mechappedukayum addeham svanthamaayi oru vasthuvidyaa pariseelanam aarambikkukayum cheythu. eee samayathaan addeham pravarthichathennu report cheyyappettirunnuvenkum addehathinte padhathikalude rekhakal nannayi samrakshikkappettilla.
svanthamaayi oru vijayakaramaya pariseelanam nirmmicha joseph falkenhamumaayi gill 1894-ll pankalikalaayi. iruvarum "falkenham & gill, aarkkitekts" enna peril oru sthaapanam roopeekarikkukayum chila valia vaanijya kettidangal ulppede niravadhi padhathikal poortthiyaakkukayum cheythu.
1895-ll falconham saan diego vittu, saan diegoyile pradhana vyakthikalkkayi gill valia residential projaktukal ettedukkaan thudangi. praadeshika samgeethajnjanaaya ralph grangerinu vendi granger haalilum addeham pravarthichu.
1890 kalude avasaanathil, gillinte roopakalppanakal kooduthal konkreett upayogikkaan thudangi, aaa maadhyamathile addehathinte pravartthanangal bhaviyil athinte upayogathinu ganyamaaya sambhavana nalki.
1896ll addeham vilyam ezz. yodu oru pankaalittham roopeekarichu. hebbard. tudor punarujjeevanathilum pinneedu prairy school shailikalilum hebbard & gill sthaapanam ariyappettirunnu. jorjju dablyu. maarsttan house (ippol oru museum) aayirunnu avarude ettavum prashasthamaaya padhathi. eee kaalayalavil, balbova paarkkin sameepam soshyalaitukalaaya alis liie, catherine teats ennivarkkaayi nirmmicha oru koottam veedukalil sahaayicha hassel wood watermane gill parisheelippichu. waterman pinneedu swantham parisheelanathode oru vaasthushilpiyaayi maari.
1901ll aarkkidektukalkku oru certificat nedenda oru niyamam california pasakia sesham, addehathinte practies ithinakam pravarthichirunnathinaal gilk yaanthrikamaayi oru certificat nalki.
1903ll yuu nirmmikkunnathinayi chamber oof komezhs kammittiyude prathyeka seettilekku gill niyamikkapettu.ezz. hebbard & gill kammittiyil designukal samarppichittum aathyanthikamayi haarisan aalbrait roopakalppana cheytha hotel graant.
1907ll oru azhukkuchaal lainil anadhikrithamaayi panikal nadathiyathaayi gill kuttaaropithanaayi. gill aropanangal nishedhichuvenkilum hebbardumaayulla addehathinte pankaalittham kedupaadukalkk vidheyamaayi. oru maasathinullil, hebbard & gill jeevanakkaaranaayirunna frank meedumaayi gill oru pankaalitthatthil earppettu. eee pankaalittham ezhu maasam neenduninnu, kurachu veedukal maathrame poortthiyaakkiyittulla.
1908 ll saan diego nagarakendratthile horttan plasa paarkkinte kendrathinaayi electric foundan ennum ariyappedunna broadway foundan gill roopakalppana cheythu. addehathinte aadhunika kaalaghattatthinte thudakkathilaanu roopakalppana cheythathenkilum, athinte punarujjeevana shaili addehathinte srishtikalil ninnu vyathyasthamaan. professional aarkkitektukal thammilulla malsarathil thiranjeduttha gillinte roopakalppana, vellavum niramulla electrical laitt efakttukalum samyojippicha raajyathe aadyathe projaktukalil onnaayirunnu.
1911-ll gillinte anantharavan luis joonn gill addehathinte sthaapanathil draftsmaanaayi chernnu. athe varsham thanne, panaama-california exposion (1915) ennathinulla oru pradhana kammeeshan bertram goodhuvinu gill nashtappettu. california kwadranglinu thottupurathu sthithi cheiyunna balbova paarkk administration kettidatthinte roopakalppana, balbova paarkkinte aadya ghadana ennivayulppede goodhuvinte associate aayi addeham kurachukaalam pravarthichu. innu, ithu saan diego museum oof maante gill administration kettidam ennariyappedunnu, koodaathe offeesukalum gill audittoriyavum undu.
1913ll ellen browning scrips aanu laa jola vumans club roopakalppana cheyyaan gill kammeeshan cheythath. athinte nirmmaanatthil, saittile baahya arcade mathilukal kootticherkkaan addeham oru "tiltt-slab" nirmmaana saankethikavidya upayogichu. athinte falamaayi kaaliforniyayile aadyathe tiltt-upp konkreett kettidam. eee mathilukal slaabinte bharam laghookarikkunnathinu pollayaya kaliman-block infil samyojippikkunnu. ennirunnaalum, akathe mathilukalkkum central "poppu-upp" voliyathinum addeham parambaraagatha baloon frame nirmmaanam upayogichu. gill palappozhum charivu reethiyumaayi bandhappettirikkunnavum addeham athu orupidi gadanakalil maathrame upayogichulloo. taamasiyaathe, 1914-ll addeham thante anantharavan louisine oru pankaliyaayi sweekarichu.
eee samayathinu sesham, gill pradhaanamaayum loss enchals kaundiyil thamasikkaanum pravartthikkaanum thudangi, ennirunnaalum gill & gill pankaalittham 1919 vare neenduninnu. puthiya nagaramaya torrensinaayulla onniladhikam padhathikal eee neekkathinu kaaranamaayirikkam. 1920kalil gill north saan diego kaundiyil thamasikkaan madangiyethiyenkilum, deerghakaalamaayi thudarunna asukham, pothu abhiruchikal maarunnath, idapaadukaarumaayi vittuveezhcha cheyyaanulla sannadhatha enniva kaaranam addehathinte joliyude vegatha ganyamaayi mandagathiyilaayi. 1920kalude avasaanathinushesham, addehathinte srishtikal art deco allengil "aadhunika" sparsanangal chertthu.
1920 kalude avasaanathil, kaaliforniyayile samudrathira nagaratthinaayi niravadhi poura kettidangal gill nirmmichu. ithu addehathinte avasaanathe valia padhathiyaayirikkum. kaaliforniyayile thadaakathinaduthulla rancho barona indian reservationil sthirathaamasamaakkunna niravadhi kudiyozhippikkappett thaddesheeya american kudumbangalkk veedukal srishtikkuka ennathaayirunnu addehathinte avasana karar.
praadhaanyam.
nalla vaasthuvidyayude saamoohika swaadheenathekkurichu aashankayulla irving gill, bankermark mayermaarkkum vendiyo indian reservation, aafrikkan american palli, kudiyetta meksikkan thozhilaallikal, avarude kuttikal ennivarkkaayi roopakalppana cheythaalum thulya naipunyathodeyum thaalpparyathodeyum thante padhathikale sameepikkukayum cheythu.
gill vaasthuvidya "jeevithathilum kalayilum oru puthiya thudakkam" sthaapikkukayum mattu kaalangalil ninnum sthalangalil ninnumulla "vasthuvidyaa" maise enn seane "enna pothu" valia nirasikkal "prathinidheekarikkukayum cheythathayi charitrakaaranaaya kevin staar parayunnu. akkaalathe prasidheekaranangalil addehathinte kruthiye "kyoobist" ennu visheshippichirunnu.
saambathikavum shuchithvavum kaaranam bhaagikamaayi, anaavasyamaaya vishadaamshangal neekkam cheiyunnathumaayi bandhappettathaayirunnu gillinte inteeriyarukal. addehathinte veedukal kuranjatho flush cheythatho aaya moldingukalkku perukettathaanu; lalithamaaya (allengil illa) aduppu maandilukal; athinaal draavakam, tharayil ninnu mathililekku parivartthanangal; adachitta baath tabukal; dhaaraalam skyliteukal; idaykkide maathram, ennaal savisheshamaaya, thadi gadakangalulla plaasttar cheytha mathilukal; anchu kashanagalulla vaathilukal flush cheyyuka; konkreett allengil wall simant nilakal; vibhajana lineukal, ledgeukal, anaavashya metteeriyal mattangal enniva ozhivaakkuka. joseph jiovanini parayunnathanusarichu, "eluppathil paripalikkaavunnathum shuchithvamullathumaaya oru veedinulla aagraham gillinte soundaryathe vishudhiyilekku nayichu."
1910kalil nirmmicha gillinte soundaryashaasthraparamaaya ettavum mikacha srishtikal, eevs illaatha paranna melkkoorakal, vasthukkalude aikyam (kooduthalum konkreett), transome ulla kesment vindokal, veluthatho veluthatho aaya puram, akathe mathilukal, cubic allengil chathuraakrithiyilulla pindam, dhaaraalam nilatthe kamanangal allengil california douthyangalude reethiyil parivartthana breeswakel srishtikkunna kamaanangalude shreni ennivaykku anukoolamaanu.
addehathinte ettavum prashasthamaaya kruthikalil ellen browning scrips residence (ippol samakaalika art saan diegoyude museum), bishop skoolinte aadyakaala kettidangal, laa jola vuman club, laa jola recreation sentar, jorjju dablyu enniva ulppedunnu. maarsttan house. addeham patthu pallikal roopakalppana cheythu, avayil ettavum ariyappedunnathu secondile kristhyan sayans pally saan diegoyile loral theruvukalumaanu. vanita clubb maarsttan hausum charitraparamaaya sthalangalude deseeya rajisttaril (enrhp) pattikappedutthiyittundu.
aduthide gilline "marannupoya" allengil "vilamathikkappedaatha" ennu pathivayi paraamarshichittum, addehathinte jeevithathil addeham nyayamaayum nannayi rekhappeduthappettu. udaaharanathinu, green & green sthaapanam ulppedeyulla mattethoru paashchaathya vaasthushilpiyekkaalum addehathinte srishtikal gustav stikliyude "craftsman" maasikayil pathivayi prasidheekarikkappettu.
addehathinte maranashesham gillinte prashasthi pettennu mangukayum 1960 ll esthar mccoy randell ell. yum ezhuthiya "five california aarkkitekts" enna pusthakatthil addehathe ulppeduthunnathuvare athu kshayichukondirunnu. maakkinsan. eee pusthakam (ippozhum achadi) addehathinte kruthikalodum pothuvaayi california vaasthuvidyayodumulla thaalparyam puthukkaan sahayichu. prasidheekarichathinushamla pathittaandukalil irving gill aadhunika prasthaanatthile oru pradhana vyakthiyayi amgeekarikkappettu.
vyakthiparamaaya jeevitam.
1928 meyy 28nuu 58-aamm vayassil gill aadyathethum ekavumaaya vivaham kazhichu. addehathinte bhaarya maariyon voo braasharukalaayirunnu. vivaham paraajayappettuvenn chilar anumaanikkumbol, gillinte swantham kaiyilulla avasheshikkunna chila kathukal bhaaryayodulla addehathinte aazhameriyathum snehapoornavumaaya vikaarangale soochippikkunnu. 1936 october 7nuu marikkumbol kaaliforniyayile kalsbadile bhaaryayude kudumba krishiyidathil gill thanichaayirunnu.
jolie cheiyunnu.
gill thiranjeduttha kruthikalil iva ulppedunnu

