
kaantarbari vanita boarding school

1831 muthal 1834 vare athinte sthaapakanaaya prudense crandalaanu connectikkattile canderbury vanita boarding school pravarthippichathu. pattanavaasikal aafrikkan-american penkuttikale cheraan anuvadikkaathappol, crandle athine aafrikkan-american penkuttikalkkulla oru skoolaayi maattaan theerumaanichu, ithu amerikkayil aadyathethaanu. connecticut niyamasabha athinethire oru niyamam pasakkukayum crandle arastilaavukayum oru ratri jayilil kazhiyukayum cheythu, ithu deseeya pracharam konduvannu. saamoohika akramangal schoolukal adaykkaan nirbandhithamaakki.
amerikkayile school vibhajanathinte charithratthile oru pradhana sambhavamaan eee sambhavam. cases "crandall vii. yuu. esile aadyathe samboornna pouraavakaasha kesaayirunnu stettu.ezz. charithram... crandall" cases [karuthavarggakkaar pouranmaaraano ennathaayirunnu oru pradhana prashnam] ettavum nirbhagyakaramaaya rund supreme kodathi theerumaanangalude phalathe swaadheenikkaan sahayichu ", scott vii. 1857-ll sandford [] umm..."braun vii. vidyaabhyaasa board "1954 ll"."
pashchaathalam.
1831-ll kaantarbari pattanam nannayi vidyaabhyaasam nediya kwekar adthyaapakanaaya prudense crandaline sameepichu.
aduthulla plainfieldil padippikkukayaayirunnu addeham. avarude pattanatthil penkuttikalkkayi oru school illaayirunnu, avar athu sthaapikkumo ennu chodichu; "grama kudumbangalil valarnna asaadhaaranamaaya ennam penkuttikal maathaapithaakkalude abhyarthana unarthi". aval sammathikkukayum taunn squareil skoolinaayi oru bhavanam, ippol oru museum, vaangukayum cheythu. abhibhaashakan, raashtreeyakkaaran, taunn clerk andrew tii. ennivarude thottaduthaayirunnu athu. oru karutha penkuttiye praveshippichukazhinjaal, skoolinte ethirppinte kendramaayirunna avalude aadya pinthunakkaaril oralaaya judeson. "addehathinu sameepam oru neer penkuttikalude school undaayirikkuka enna ashayam asahaneeyamaayirunnu."
1831 novemberil aarambhicha eee school, "samoohathinte poornna pinthuna aasvadichu", taamasiyaathe vijayikkukayum cheythu. "avarude sweekaranathinte souhaarddavum sauhrudavum miss crandall nandiyode amgeekarichu, vidyaarthikalumaayum rakshaadhikaarikalumaayum ulla avarude bandham ettavum yojichathum yojichathumaayirunnu, valare aavashyamaaya eee sthaapanam sthiramaayi sthaapikkappedaan saadhyathayund."vaayana, ezhuthu, ganithashaasthram, engleesh vyakaranam, bhoomishaasthram, charithram, rasathanthram, jyothishaasthram, dhaarmika thathwachintha enniva padippikkunna vishayangalil ulppedunnu. adisthaana tution muriyum board oru paadatthinu 25 dollar () chelavaakum. droying, painting, piano, franch ennivayile prabodhanatthinu vidyaarthikal adhika phees nalki. "oru varshathinullil 1,500 dollar panayam vekkaan crandalinu kazhinju."taamasiyaathe 24 vidyaarthikalude sheshiyulla skoolaayi.
saaraa harris.
1831-nte avasaanathil, "oru karutha vargakkaariyaaya yuvavaaya" maria davis enna sthriye sahayikkaan oru sevakanaayi niyamikkapetta vivekam. avarude prathisrutha varan chaals harris bosttanil prasidheekaricha puthiya unmoolanavaada pathramaya libarettarinte praadeshika ejantinte makanaayirunnu. vivekathinaayi kadam koduttha pathram maria vaayichu, avar athu vaayikkukayum "ente anubhavam valareyadhikam unarnnu" ennu report cheyyukayum cheythu."avar chilappol klaasukalil irunnu, athu avar oru jeevanakkariyaayathinaal shradha aakarshichilla, vidyaarthiyaayi chernnitilla.
chaalsinte sahodari saaraa haarisinu maria vivekathe parichayappedutthi. 1832 novemberil, aval schoolil praveshikkaan vivekathode aavasyappettu; karutha vidyaarthikalude adthyaapika aakaan aval aagrahichu. aadyam madichuninnappol, vivekapoorvam avalude baibilumaayi koodiyaalochichu, athu aval paranjathupole sabhaaprasangi 4:1-lake thurannuvannu
thudarnnu avar penkuttiye oru divasathe vidyaarthiyaayi praveshippikkukayum amerikkayil aadyathe samyojitha school sthaapikkukayum cheythu. pramukha nagaravaasikal ethirkkukayum haarisine schoolil ninnu purathaakkaan crandalinu mail sammarddam cheluthukayum cheythuvenkilum 'neer penkuttiye' pirichuvidaan avar visammathichu. graamatthil thaamasichirunna oru episcopal purohithante bhaarya ennodu paranju, njaan aaa niramulla penkuttiye ente schoolil thudarnnaal athu nilanirthaan kazhiyillennu. njaan avalodu marupadi paranju, "appol athu mungaan vendi, kaaranam njaan avale purathaakkaruthu!"oru vyakthiyenna nilayil saaraa haarisine aval sarikkum eshtappettu".
kaantarbari ethirppu.
karuthavareyum vellakkareyum orumichu padippikkunnathu kaantarbari pattanatthinu asveekaaryamaayirunnu. "kaantarbariyile janangal thangalude ettavum valia bheethiyum paribhraanthiyum anubhavichu, avar valareyadhikam abhimaanikkunna eee janapriya vidyaalayathe manassilakkaan kazhiyaathavidham asaadhaaranavum asaadhaaranavumaaya enthengilum marikadakkaan kazhiyumennu."nagaravaasikalude oru prathinidhi samgham" avale pandattheppole oru paara pole urachathayi kandethi."eee samanila thathwangalil ninnum vellakkarum karuthavarum thammilulla vivaahathil ninnum undaakunna apakadathekkurichu oru vakthaav sookshumamaayi soochana nalkiyappol", "mosheik oru karutha bharyayundaayirunnu" "ennu avar vyakthamaayi marupadi nalki"."" eee thripthikaramallaatha abhimukhangalude reportukal pracharikkunna avesham yadhaartha unmaadathilekku vardhippichu."school udan thanne nagaravaasikalude pinthuna nashtappedukayum maathaapithaakkal avarude penmakkale pinvalikkaan thudangukayum cheythu.
oru vidyaarthiyenna nilayil saaraye nilanirthikkondu school athijeevikkaan, enthengilum cheyyanamennu crandall manassilakki. avalude ashayam, athu avalude maathram aayirunnu, avalude schooline oru sevikkunna "yuvathikalum cheria nirangalude nashtangalum" aakki maattuka ennathaayirunnu, aval athu adutha parasyatthil ittathupole. amerikkayil atharamoru school undaayirunnilla. ithu praayogikamaano ennu arian avar bostanilekku pooyi "libarettar" edittar vilyam lloyd gaarisanumaayi koodikkaazhcha nadatthi. avare prothsaahippichukondu, jeevakaarunya pravarthakanaaya arther tappan newyorkkile pramukha karutha kudumbangalkkum rooad dveepile providencinum addeham aamukha kathukal nalki, avaa randum atharamoru skoolilulla thaalparyam vilayiruthaan avar sandarshichu. saaraye purathaakkaan visammathichathumoolam thakarnnupoya nilavilulla school adachupoottaanulla padhathiyumaayi avar munnott pookukayum karuthavarggakkaaraaya penkuttikalkkulla oru skoolaayi athu veendum thurakkukayum cheythu. 1833 februvari 25 nuu nadanna oru yogathil avar nilavilulla vidyaarthikalkku ithu prakhyaapichu. 1833 march 2 leeii 'libarettar' enna parasyatthil (sidebar kaanuka) puthiya school epril 1 nuu thurakkumennu prakhyaapichu. 'oru neer penkuttikalude school' enna takarnna duranthatthil ninnu rakshappedaan enthengilum padhathi aavishkarikkaan aagrahikkunna 'uthkandayulla, roshakularaaya pouranmaarude prathikaranangal muun vibhaagathil vivarichittundu.
nagaratthinte prathikaranam paribhraanthiyaayirunnu. swatantra karuthavarggakkaar america vittu aafrikkayilekku pokanamenna nilapaadulla oru kolanivalkkaranavaadiyaaya judeson abhyarthichu, enthukondu addeham nirddeshikkunnathil parajayappettu. kaantarbari swatantra karuthavargakkaarude vishalavum kaamasakthavumaaya oru kolaniyude kendramaayi maarumennum athu maathram american aikyanaadukalude nilanilppin bheeshaniyaakumennum vamseeya nagaravaasikal vishwasichu.
crandalinte school "varnna janasamkhyayude valia vardhanavilekku nayikkumennu" allengil elison paranjathupole, "avare padippikkunnathu nammude samsthaanathe dushtar daridrarumaaya janasamkhyayaal niraykkum" ennu pattana nethaakkal vishwasichu, ithinu pinnil rund vishwaasangalundu, akkaalat ithu vyaapakamaayirunnu 
nyoo englandinte mattu bhagangalekkaal kooduthal karuthavarggakkaar athinte thekke attathulla samsthaanamaaya connectikkattil thaamasichirunnu enna vastutha ithilekku cherkkunnu. athinaal, nirodhana virudha kalaapangalude sthalangalilaayathinaal, connectikkattile windham kaundiyile vellakkaar aashankaakularaayirunnu.
school maattaan vivekam vaagdaanam cheythenkilum athu paryapthamaayirunnilla. american kolanivalkkarana samoohathile aajeevanantha amgamaayirunna judeson parayunnathanusarichu,
vivekathode" thante shishyanmaarkkuvendiyul thayyaareduppumaayi, dridamaaya roopakalppanayodum ettavum vishudhamaaya kaaryathinu yogyamaaya oru theerumaanathodumkoodi aval yaatra thudarnnu."
yuvathikalkkum cheria nirangal nashtappedunnavarkkum" vendiyulla vidyaalayam.
vadakkan nagarangalile ettavum mikacha niramulla kudumbangalil ninnulla shaanthavum nirupadravakaravumaaya patho panthrando cheria niramulla penkuttikalumaayo yuvathikalumaayo school veendum thurannu."juunil oru sandarshakan report cheythath" "17 penkuttikalum ningalkk kandethaan kazhiyunna 17 penkuttikaleyum pole perumari". taamasiyaathe philadelphiyayil ninnu 24 vidyaarthikalaayi praveshanam uyarnnu. crandall avare orikkalum parasyamaayi pattikappedutthiyittille, avarude vichaaranayileyum mattu rekhakalileyum saakshyam masaachyusets, newyork, pensylvania, rooad dweep ennividangalil ninnulla connectikkett ithara vidyaarthikal vannathayi velippeduthunnu. vidyaarthikalude perukal ivayaanu 
vaachaadopangal ozhivaakkiyathozhike paatyapadhathi munbatheppole thanneyaayirunnu.
niyamaparamaaya nadapadikal.
1833 meyy 24nuu, connecticut general assembly crandalinte pramukha shatru judeson thayyarakkiya oru karutha niyamam pasaki, ithu school sthithicheyyunna pattanatthinte anumathiyillathe connectikkattinu purathu ninnu aafrikkan amerikkakkaare padippikkunna oru school nadathunnathil ninnu aareyum vilakki.
athinusesham pattanavaasikal schoolil padippikkukayo cherkkukayo cheytha aarumayum edapedaan visammathichu.
rogiyaaya oru vidyaarthiye chikilsikkaan nagaratthile doctorode aavashyappettappol, avane kaanillenn mathramalla, addeham "abhyarthanaye vyakthiparamaaya apamaanamaayi" kandu. "kuthiraye rakshappedaano marakamaaya apakadatthinu kaaranamakaano sahaayikkunnathin sandarshakarude vaaganukalilo vandikaliloo kuthirakale gadippikkunna haarnasukal akramikal ayaykkukayo murikkukayo cheythu."
crandall niyamam avaganikkukayum oru ratri jayilil kazhikkukayum cheythu. oru cheria pizha adachirunnenkil avalkk jayil ozhivaakkaamaayirunnu, anuyaayikal athu nalkumaayirunnu, pakshe avar nirasichu 'enikku pediyundu. 
avar enne jayilil adaykkilla. avarude viddithathinte eee bhaagatthinte phalathe avar athramaathram apamaanikkunnuvenn avarude vyakthamaaya madiyum nanakkedum vyakthamaayi kaanikkunnu; athinaal avarude swantham dushtavidyakalil kudungiyittillengil avar thurannukaattappedanamenna njaan kooduthal utkandaakulanaanu.'...[sherief] athu cheyyaan lajjichu. miss crandlinteyum connecticutinteyum peedanam nadathunnavare ithu apamaanathode moodumennu addehathinu ariyamaayirunnu."boosttan abhibhaashakante thaazhepparayunna udharaniyil kaanunnathupole ithu anganeyaanennu thelinju
pittennu aval mochithayaayi.
1834ll adthyaapakanaaya andrew barle arastilaavukayum ennaal school adachathode kuttapathram pinvalikkappedukayum cheythu.
vivekathinte pareekshanangal.
crandalinte aadya vichaarana 1833 august 23nuu aarambhichu. avar "kuttakkariyalla" ennu sammathichu. vilyam dablyu aayirunnu avarude abhibhaashakar. elsworth, calvin goddard, henry dablyu. shaktharaaya avare saamuval meeii niyamikkukayum arther tuppen panam nalkukayum cheythu. prosecuting abhibhaashakare judeson nayichu. juric oru vidhiyil ethaan kazhinjilla.
1833 october 3nuu randaamathe vichaarana aarambhichu, ennaal ippol jadji david daagettinte nirddeshaprakaaram connecticut supreme kodathiyil. elsworth, goddard, judeson, sii ennivaraayirunnu crandalinte abhibhaashakar. eph. samsthaanathinu vendi cleveland. daagett, judsonepole, oru kolanivalkkaranavaadiyaayirunnu, "varnajanangalodu sathruthayullayaalaayum karutha niyamatthinte kadinamaaya vakthavaayum ariyappedunnu". oro samsthaanatheyum pouranmaarkku niravadhi samsthaanangalile pouranmaarude ellah aanukoolyangalkkum prathirodhasheshikkum arhathayundennu bharanaghadanayude article 4, sekshan 2 ll vyakthamaakkiyittunde eee niyamathil (karutha niyamam) pariganikkunna vyakthikal pouranmaarallennu daagett jooriye ariyichu. juurii athivegam oru "kuttavaali" vidhi thirichuvittu.
ithu udan thanne connecticut supreme kodathiyil (pishakukalude kodathi) appeel cheyyukayum 1834 juulai 22 nuu vaadikkukayum cheythu. abhibhaashakar munbatheppole thanneyaayirunnu. "vichaaranaykk hajaraaya ellaavarkkum aazhathilulla thaalpparyamundennu thonnukayum prashnatthinte supradhana praadhaanyam amgeekarikkukayum cheythu."ennaal" kodathi [oru vidhi] ozhivaakki...samsthaanathinte abhibhaashakan thayyarakkiya vivarangalile vaikalyangal raddaakkendathaanennu kandethunnathiloode; angane niyamatthinte bharanaghadanaaparamaaya chodyathil kodathi eathenkilum theerumaanathilethunnathu anaavashyamaakkunnu.'" "avar kandupidichillenkil, neethikku melnottam vahikkunnathum adisthaanaparamaaya prasnangal theerumaanikkunnathum ozhivakkunnathinaayi oru saankethika takaraar kandethaan avar shramichu"."" avalkk anukoolamaayi theerumaanikkunnathiloode janapreeti nashtappedunna kodunkaattine neridaan kodathikku kazhinjilla, koodaathe bharanaghadanaa virudhamaaya oru niyamam bharanaghadanaaparamaannennu prakhyapikkunnathaayi rekhappeduthaan kazhinjilla."
aval schoolinte pravartthanam thudarnnu. school avide maattunnath paryavekshanam cheiyunnathinaayi avar philadelfiyayilekku yaatra cheythuvenkilum sameepakaalath avide nadanna karuthavarga virudha akramangal kaaranam pradeshavaasikal avare niruthsaahappedutthi.
akramam kaaranam school adachu.
niyamaparamaaya nadapadikal school adachupoottaathappol, taamasiyaathe pattanavaasikal kettidatthinu theeyidan shramichenkilum parajayappettu. oduvil, 1834 septambar 9 nuu, ekadesham ardharaathriyode, kanatha klabbukalum irumbu baarukalum ulla oru janakkoottam schoolil athikramichu kayarukayum vidyaarthikale bhayappeduthukayum cheythu. "anchu [janalakal] nasippikkappedukayum thonnooriladhikam glass paanalukal thakarkkappedukayum cheythu."
vidyaarthikalude surakshaye bhayann, vivekathinte upadesaprakaaram school adachu connecticut vittu, inii orikkalum avide taamasikkaruth. saamuval ingane ezhuthiyekkaam "enikku kaantarbariyekkurichu lajja thonni, kanakttikkattinekkur lajja thonni, ente raajyathekkurichu lajja thonni, ente nirathekkurichu lajja thonni. angane udaaravum thaalpparyamillaathathum jeevakaarunyaparavum vivekapoornavumaaya kristhyan samrambham avasaanichu."
swaadheenam.
prudense crandalinte schooline chuttipattiyulla sambhavangal vyaapakamaayi report cheyyappettu. 1833 octoberil englandil ninnulla oru kathil crandle "mahathaaya" aanennu vilikkukayum ezhuthukaaranaaya chaals stuvartt penkuttikalkkayi "sammaanangalude cheria pazhsalukal" thayyaaraakkukayaanenn parayukayum cheiyunnu.
libarettar" ennathinu purame, arther tappante shuparshayum dhanasahayavum upayogichu, connectikkattile brooklin kaundi seettil sthithigathikal report cheiyunnathinaayi "unionist" enna pathram prasidheekarikkaan thudangaam.
adimatha virudha prathibaddhathayum apakeerthikaramaaya kolanivalkkaranavum kadinamaakkiya, swatantra karuthavarggakkaare prolsaahippikkukayum "aafrikkayilekku madangaan" sahayikkukayum cheyyanamenna nilapaadulla, vimochana virudha aalkkoottathinte aadya pravarthanangalilonnaanu vyaapakamaayi pracharippikkapetta eee episode. ennaal athinte shaashvathamaaya praadhaanyam adimatha virudha bharanaghadanaa chinthaykku athu nalkia prachodanatthilaanu."eee cases thekkan adimakalalla, swatantra vadakkan karuthavarggakkaarude avakaashangalekkurichulla prasnangal unnayichu; adimathathe chuttipattiyulla charchakal ozhivaakkukayum swatantra karuthavargakkaarude avakaashangalekkurichulla chodyam uyarthukayum oduvil pathinalam bhedagathiyil pariharikkappedukayum cheythu.
1834ll connecticut niyamasabhayilekku veendum thiranjedukkaanulla thante sramam judeson paraajayappedukayum thante anuyaayikale athbhuthappeduthukayum unmoolanam cheiyunnavarkkidayil santhosham srishtikkukayum cheythu. windham kaundi connectikkattile ettavum adimatha virudha bhaagamaayi maari.