margeritta sarfati

oru itaaliyan pathrapravartthakayum kalaa niroopakayum rakshadhikaariyum collector soshyalaitum deseeya phaasist party pramukha prachaarana upadeshtaavumaayirunnu margeritta sarfati (munbu grassini; 8 epril 1880-30 october 1961). benitoo musoliniyude jeevacharitrakaariyum addehathinte yajamaanathimaaril oralumaayirunnu avar.
jeevacharitram.
amedio grassiniyudeyum emma leviyudeyum (addehathinte cussin giuseppe levi natalia jinsburghinte pithaavaayirunnu) makalaayi venesilaanu sarfati janichathu. amedio oru sambannanaaya jootha abhibhashakanum bisinasukaaranumaayirunnu. addeham veneeshyan gavanmentinte dhanakaarya abhibhashakanum pinneedu piyus patthaam maarppaappayaaya giuseppe melchiyor sarto adutha suhruthumaayirunnu. pinneedu addehathe itaaliyan kireedatthinte oordar naitt aakki.
venesile kanal grandale sthithi cheiyunna oru "palasso" yilaanu sarfati valarnnathu, swakaarya tutermaaraanu addehathe padippichathu. ennirunnaalum, taamasiyaathe soshyalist ashayangalil aakarshikkappedukayum 18-aamm vayassil maathaapithaakkalude veettil ninnu rakshappedukayum paduvayil ninnulla jootha abhibhashakanaaya siser sarfati vivaham kazhikkukayum cheythu. avarkk 13 vayass moothirunnuvenkilum avar soshyalist vishwaasangal pankittu. 1902ll dambathikal milaanilekku thamasam maari. avide, avar nagaratthinte kalaparamaaya jeevithathil pramukharaayi, prathivaara saloonukalkku aathidheyathvam vahikkukayum athu bhaaviprasthaanangaludeyum itaaliyan kalaa prasthaanangaludeyum kendramaayi maarukayum cheythu. corso venesiayile 93-aamm nambarilaanu saloonukal nadannathu. musolini, massimo bontempelly, adhaa neegri, silpikalaaya medardo rosso, arturo martini ennivar eee othucheralukalil pankedutthu. maargeritta sarfaathikkum bharthaavinum niravadhi kuttikalundaayirunnu. avarude mootha makan roobert onnaam lokamahaayudhasamayathu itaaliyan sainyathil cherukayum 1918 januvariyil 18-aamm vayassil monde baldoyil nadanna aakramanathil kollappedukayum cheythu.
valathupaksha avangaardist umberto bokyoniyude swakaarya collector vyakthiparavumaaya suhruthaaya sarfati 1911-ll benitoo musolini (avalekkaal moonnu vayass ilayaval) kandumuttukayum avanumaayi oru bandham aarambikkukayum cheythu. eee samayat avanthi! enna pathratthil kalaa niroopakayaayi jolie cheiyukayaayirunnu cheiyukayaayirunnu bharthaavine nashtappetta sesham avar musoliniyude jeevacharitram ezhuthi. 1925ll brittanil "benitoo musoliniyude jeevitam" enna peril ithu aadyamaayi prasidheekarichu; adutha varsham italiyil "ducks" enna peril ithu prasidheekarichu. musoliniyude prasasthiyum rachayithaavin svechaadhipathiyumaayulla parichayavum kaaranam pusthakam vijayakaramaayirunnu. pathinezh pathippukal achadikkukayum 18 bhaashakalilekku vivarthanam cheyyappedukayum cheythu.
(ippol vilikkappedunna) grand hotel kottaaratthile (ippol vilikkappedunna) guido cadorine chuvarchithrangalil venetto nambar vazhi sarfati anusmarikkappedunnu. 70, roome. "fiyaamettayum njaanum salooninte chuvarchithrangalil amarthyathayilekku kadakkaan aagrahichu", chuvarchithrangalil thannodoppam chithreekarichirikkunna makale paraamarshichu avar abhiprayappettu.
1922 muthal 1938 vare musoliniyude nayangalil sarfaathiyude swaadheenam undaayirunnu, musolini jarmman sammarddathinu vazhangukayum vamshathinte prakadanapathrika vamseeya niyamanirmmanam nadappaakkukayum cheythathinushesham, phaasist sarkkaarinte raashtreeyam yahooda virudhamaayirunnilla, party angathwa rolukal joothanmaarkkaayi thurannukoduthirunnu. 1927 muthal musoliniyude pinthunayode sthaapithamaaya heidelberg aasthaanamaayulla itaaliyan maasikaykku avar sambhavana nalki. 1922ll novento group anselmo buchi, leonardo dudreville, achille phanii, jian emilio malerba, pietro marusig, ubaldo ooppi, marrio sironi enningane vipuleekarichu. orupakshe italiyile maarikkondirikkunna saahacharyangalodu prathikarichukondu, sarfati 1938-ll itali vittu arjanteenayilekkum urugvaayilekkum pooyi; montevideoyile "ell diario" enna pathratthil pathrapravartthakayaayi jolie cheythu. yudhathinushesham, 1947-ll sarfati swantham raajyathekku madangukayum orikkalkkoodi itaaliyan kalayil swaadheenamulla oru shakthiyaayi maarukayum cheythu. itaaliyan freemasonaryude kooduthal gadakangalekkurichu avarkk sanbarkkangalum vyakthiparamaaya arivum undaayirunnu, ithu musolini moshamaayi sahikkumennu sthireekarichu.
janakeeya samskaarathil.
1999ll saaraandante deerghakaala koottaaliyaaya timm robins rachana samvidaanavum nirvahicha 'craddle will roock' enna chithratthil nadi susanne sarandon sarfati avatharippichu. sarandan thante vesham charcha cheythu
margeritta oru niyamaanusrithamaaya charitra vyakthiyaan. aval sarikkum nilaninnirunnu. avar yadhaarthathil musoliniyude yajamanathiyaayirunnu, italiyude kalaa prasthaanangalude saamskaarika roopeekaranathil avar valare ulppettirunnu. italiyile puthiya chithrakaaranmaarude rakshaadhikaariyaayirunnu avar. musolini american janathaykku wilkan avar amerikkayilekku vannu, avar athu cheythath hersttinte koolam upayogichaanu. avar oru koolam ezhuthi, anganeyaan musoliniyude pakshathu yudhathil praveshikkuka enna aashayathinaayi avar american janataye thayyarakkiyathu, njaan karuthunnu. koodaathe, aval yudhathinu panam nalkaanum sramikkukayaayirunnu.
aval joothayaayirunnuvenna vasthuthayum aval yadhaarthathil swantham prathisandhiye pinthunachathum athinte sankeernathayaanu, athu oduvil avalkk surakshithamaayi madangivarunnathuvare niravadhi varshathekku italiyil ninnu arjanteenayilekkum urugvaayilekkum palayanam cheyyaan idayaakkum. aval poornnamaayum nishedhikkukayaano atho musoliniyodoppam urangaan oru vazhiyundennu aval sarikkum vishwasichirunno, utharavaaditham ettedukkendathillenna enikkariyilla. ennaal aval oru vichitramaaya avasthayil avasaanichu. eee sambannaraaya american janathayodoppam aval othukoodukayaayirunnu. sinimayude pashchaathalatthil, aval oru joliyulla oraalaanennum aval kalaye snehichirunnathinaal, eee kalayellam aval sarikkum vilamathikkunnillenn thonnunna aalukalkk nalkunnathaayi aval chilappol kandethunnu.

