
padinjaaran kula aama

pasaphik kulam aama ennum ariyappedunna vestten kulam aama (actinemis marmoratta) emididay kudumbatthile cheruthum idatharavumaaya aamakalude oru inamaanu. padinjaaran washington samsthaanam muthal vadakkan baja california vareyulla american aikyanaadukaludeyum meksikkoyudeyum padinjaaran theerathu eee inam thaddesheeyamaanu. munbu kaanadayil (britiish kolambiyayil) ithu kandethiyirunnuvenkilum 2002 meyy maasathil canaden speeshees attu risk act pasaphik kulam aamaye vamshanasham sambhavichathayi pattikapedutthi.
taxonomy aandu systematics.
athinte januss vargeekaranam sammisramaanu. "2010-ll prasidheekaricha srothassukalil "emikal", "aakttinimikal" enniva upayogichu. khaan vaanaka (vadakkukizhakkan pomo), khaan vaana (thekkan pomo), αλαλασεκ (lushootseed) ennivayulppede athinte shreniyile thaddesheeya bhashakalil ithu niravadhi perukalil ariyappettirunnu.
vivaranam.
eiii" yude pinbhagam. irunda rettikkuleshanukalo varakalo ullatho allaatheyo irunda thavitt allengil mangiya olivu aanu marmoratta. plaastron manjaniramaanu, chilappol scutukalude madhyabhaagathu irunda paadukalundu. neraaya carapace neelam. carapace thaazhnnathum veethiyullathum saadhaaranayaayi madhyabhaagathinu pinnilayi veethiyullathum muthirnnavaril minusamaarnnathum keelo sereshano illaathathumaanu. muthirnna paashchaathya kulam amakal laingikamaayi dviroopamaanu, aann aamakalkk ilam manja niratthilulla thondayundu.
vitharanam.
padinjaaran kulam aama yadhaarthathil vadakkan baja california, meksikoo, vadakku muthal britiish columbia, kaanadayude thekkan pradeshangal vare vyaapichirunnu. kaaliforniyayile tulare thadaakatthile oru pradhana mathsyabandhanathinte oru valia bhagamaayirunna ithu, saan franciscoic praadeshika priyappetta aama suupp nalkukayum athupole thanne hogg dveepile aazhamillaatha kulangalil, tulare thadaakathilum mungaan padicha pannikalude theetta nalkukayum cheythu. 2007 leeii kanakkanusarichu, washingtonile pugettu soundu mekhalayil ithu apoorvamo illaatheyo aayi. vadakkupadinjaaran bhaagangalil bhooribhaagathum ithinu oru vichedanam undu, thekkan washingtonil chila otappetta janasamkhya nilavilundu. origonile yoojeenin vadakkulla villamett thaazhvarayil padinjaaran kulam aama ippol apoorvamaanu, ennaal thaapanila kooduthalulla nagarathinu thekk samriddhi vardhikkunnu. thekkan origonile chila aruvikal, nadikal, kulangal ennivayil ithu praadeshikamaayi saadhaaranamaayirikkaam. cascade parvathangalkk kizhakkayi chila rekhakal report cheyyappettittunde iva parichayappedutthiya vyakthikale adisthaanamaakkiyukaallathaayir. ithu washingtonilum origonilum vare vyaapichukidakkunnu. yuvas malayidukku pradesham, santa cruze parvathanirakal, california, vadakkan ulkkadal, fountaingrove thadaakam polulla thadakangal ennividangalilum ithu kaanapedunnu. pala vargeekarana adhikaarikalum ippol oru inam aamayayi kanakkaakkappettirunnave rund inangalaayi vibhajichu. thekkan inathe "actinemis pallida" allengil thekkupadinjaaran kulam aama ennu vilikkunnu. thekkan california meksikkoyumaanu ithinte shreni. vadakkan kaaliforniyayude vadakku bhaagathulla vadakke inam "actinemis marmoratta" aayi thudarunnu. pinneedu ithine saadhaaranayaayi vadakkupadinjaaran kula aama ennu vilikkunnu.
paristhithiyum perumattavum.
chathuppukal, aruvikal, nadikal, kulangal, thadakangal ennivayulppede sthiravum edaykkidayumullathumaaya vellathilaanu padinjaaran kulam aama kaanappedunnath. vyakthikal orumichu aaswadikkaan kazhiyunna dhaaraalam uyarnnuvarunna marangal allengil parakal ulla aavaasavyavasthaye ithu anukoolikkunnu. jalasasyangalude mukalilum avar aasvadikkunnu. thathfalamaayi, eee inam palappozhum kattil avaganikkappedunnu. ennirunnaalum, pathukke neengukayum kuttichedikaludeyum marangaludeyum pinnil olichirikkukayum cheythukondu residant aamakale nireekshikkaan kazhiyum.
"eiii. sankeernamaaya aavaasavyavasthakalil eee inathe eluppathil kandethaan anuvadikkunna krithrima basking substrate allengil rafttukal upayogikkaan marmorattaye prolsaahippikkaam.
jala aavaasavyavasthaykku purame, padinjaaran kula aamakalkkum bhouma aavaasavyavastha valare pradhaanamaan. venalkkaalathum sharatkaala maasangalilum padinjaaran theerathu, prathyekichu varalchaa samayangalil, edaykkideyulla niravadhi kulangal vattiyekkaamennathinaal, padinjaaran kula aamaykk 200 divasathiladhikam vellathinakathu chelavazhikkaan kazhiyum. pala aamakalum shaithyakaalath vellathinu purathu, aaa samayat avaa palappozhum varshathile koodundaakkunnu.
bhakshanakramam.
paashchaathya kula aama sarvabhakshiyaanu, athinte mrugangalude bhakshanathil bhooribhaagavum praanikal, crayfish, mattu jala akasherukkal enniva ulppedunnu. malsyam, thavalakal, thavalakal enniva idaykkide bhakshikkukayum labhyamaakumbol carrian kazhikkukayum cheiyunnu. sasyabhakshanangalil philamentus aalgakal, lillie paadukal, tyool, kaatteyil verukal enniva ulppedunnu. praayapoorthiyaakaathavar pradhaanamaayum maamsabhojikalaanu, avaa praanikaleyum kothukukaleyum bhakshikkunnu. ekadesham moonnu vayassullappol avar sasya padaarthangal kazhikkaan thudangunnu.
vettayum bheeshaniyum.
rakkoonukal, ottakangal, oospreys, koyattukal ennivayaanu eee aamaykkum athinte muttakalkkum kunjungalkkum ettavum valia prakrithidatha bheeshanikal. veesalukalum valia malsyangalum ariyappedunna vettakkaaraan. thaddesheeyamallaatha vettakkaaril bulfrogukal, crayfish, oposam enniva ulppedunnu. 
munkaalangalil thaddesheeya janangalum american kudiyettakkaarum aamaye bhakshanamaayi upayogichirunnu. kaaliforniyayile gold rushinu sesham saan francisco bay azhimukhathu ninnu kizhakk vipanikalkkayi tinnilatacha sooppaayi aamakale samskarikkunna oru valia "malsyabandhanam" uyarnnuvannu.
oduvil, eee inam ippozhum manushyarashi bheeshani neridunnu. aavaasavyavasthayude nashavum parishkkaranavum kaaranam, eee inam nilavil iucn redu listtilum prakrithi samrakshanathilum durbalamaayi pattikappedutthiyittundu. parichayappedutthiya aakramanathmaka enangalil ninnu, prathyekichu chuvanna chevikalulla slideril ninnu ithu kaaryamaaya malsaram neridunnu. kulangal neekkam cheyyal, muttayidunnathinu aavashyamaaya manal theerangalude parishkkaranam, thanneerthadangalude vattal ennivayaal eee inam ippol durbalamaanu. eee aamaye athinte thaddesheeya shreniyilekku veendum avatharippikkanulla shramangalkk parimithamaaya vijayam maathrame nedaanaayulloo.
punarnirmmaanam.
padinjaaran kula aamayude laingika pakwathayulla penthumbikal oro klachinum <aii. dii. 1> muttakal uthpaadippikkunnu. varshathil onno rando thavana avaa muttakal nikshepikkunnu. muttayidunnathinaayi avaa vellathil ninnu kurachu dooram sanjarikkaam, 0.8 kilometer (randara mile) vare aduthulla jalasrothassil ninnu mukalilekkum mukalilekkum neengunnu, pakshe mikka koodukalum vellathinullilaanu. penpakshi saadhaaranayaayi vaikunneram vellam upekshikkukayum oru koodu sthalam thiranjedukkunnathinu munbu thekkott abhimukeekarikkunna manalo hardpano ulla oru thuranna pradeshathu alanjuthiriyukayum cheyyum. ekadesham oru dwaramullah koodu flask aakruthiyilaanu. penthumbikal koodu moodunnathinu manninteyum aduthulla thaazhnna sasyajaalangaludeyum upayogam ganyamaaya samayamaayi chelavazhikkunnu, ithu oru vettakkaaran shalyappeduthiyittille oru vyakthikk athu kandethaan prayasakaramaakkunnu.
kunchukal.
bhooribhaagam paashchaathya kula aamakalkkum koodundaakkunna shaithyakaalath eee prathibhasam eee shreniyude mikka bhagangalilum, prathyekichu vadakkan pradeshangalil vyaapakamaanennu thonnunnu. sharatkaala maasangalil kunjungale kandethaan gaveshakarkk neritta budhimuttu ithu vishadeekarichekkaam. chila koodukal nikshepichirikkunna hardpan mannu ayaykkaan shaityakaala mazha aavashyamaayi vannekkaam. choodulla kaalaavasthayude thirichuvaravinaayi kaathirikkumbol kunjungalkku abhayam nalkunna ettavum surakshithamaaya sthalamaanu koodu. muttakal allengil muttakal aakatte, mutta nikshepam nadanna varshathinu sheshamulla vasanthakaalathaanu kunjungal aadyamaayi prathyakshappedunnathu. vyakthikal kaattinullil pathukke valarunnu, avarude aadya prathyulpaadana samayat avarude praayam shreniyude vadakkan bhaagath 10 muthal 12 varsham vare aakam. padinjaaran kula aamaykk 50 varshathilere kattil nilanilkkaan kazhiyum.

