
vilyam oof york

vilyam oof york (pathinonnam noottaandinte avasaanam-1154 juun 8) oru engleesh purohitan rund thavana yorkkile aarch bishappumaayirunnu, oru ethiraaliyaaya henry mardakkinu munbum sheshavum. niravadhi sthaanaarthikalkku maarppaappayude sthireekaranam nedunnathil paraajayappettathinetthudar pravishyayilekkulla thiranjeduppu surakshithamakkaan sahaayicha englandile steefan rajaavumaayi addehathinu bandhamundennu karuthappedunnu. sistershyan maarppaappayaaya yujeen moonnaamante thiranjeduppinu sesham, sistershyan mardakkinu anukoolamaayi vilyam sthaanabhrashtanaakkiya systersianmaarude ethirppu vilyam nerittu. 1147 muthal 1153 vare vilyam yorkkilekk punasthaapikkaanaayi pravarthichu, ithu mardakkinteyum yujeen iiinteyum maranashesham addeham nedi. addeham pravishya adikakaalam pidichunirtthiyilla, madangiyethiyathinu thottupinnaale, kurbbana aaghoshikkaan upayogichirunna paathratthile visham kaaranam addeham marichu. 1177 muthal addehathinte shavakudeerathil athbhuthangal report cheyyappettu. 1226-ll addeham vishudhanaayi.
aadyakaala jeevitam.
yorkkil vilyam fitsherbert enna peril janicha vilyam, winchesterile herbertinte makan henry onnaaman raajaavinte chansalar treasurerumaaya herbert fitsaalberikkinte makanaayirunnu. mikka srothassukalum parayunnath addehathinte amma winchesterile bishappaya steefan raajaavinte ardhasahodariyum bloyisile henry ayirunna emmayum steefante pithavaaya kaundu oof blois steefan randaamante niyamaviruddha makalumaayirunnu ennaanu. ennirunnaalum, puthiya gaveshanam soochippikkunnathu, dorsettil bhoomi kaivashappeduthiyirunna vishapp fitsodinte makalayirikkaam emma ennu. vilyam 1090kalkk munbu janichuvenkilum theeyathi anjjaathamaanu.
1109 juun 27num 1114 februvari 24num idayil vilyam yorkshare roopathayil veyttante prebendary vahichirunnu. 1109num 1114num idayil addeham yorkkinte treasurer niyamithanaayi. 1125num 1133num idayil oru anjjaatha theeyathiyil yorksheyarinte kizhakk sawarik aarch deekkanaayi addeham niyamikkapettu. yorkshareil niravadhi bhoovudamakalulla addehathinte sambannanum shakthanumaaya pithaavinte swaadheenam thaarathamyena cheruppatthil thanne eee sthaanangal nedunnathil addehathinu gunam cheythirikkaam. aarch bishappayi thiranjedukkappedunnathu vilyam eee rund offeesukalum vahichirunnu. yorkkile aarch bishop thurstaante keezhil sevanamanushticha vilyam, kaantarbariyile aarch bishappukalkk keezhppettirikkanamenna henry aavasyappettathinethudarnnethu henry onnaaman rajaavumaayulla thurstaante tharkkathil earppettu. vilyam tursthaane europilekkum maarppaappayude kottaarathilekkulla embasikalilekkum naadukadatthi. henriyumaayulla anurajanam 1121-ll yorkkilekk madangaan anuvadichu. oduvil 1127-ll yorkkile aarch bishappumaarude swaathanthryathinu anukoolamaaya oru maarppaappayude vidhi purappeduvichu.
thiranjeduppu prasnangal.
1141 januvariyil vilyam yorkkinte aarch bishappayi thiranjedukkappettu. yadhaarthathil, yorkkile cathedral chaapttar 1140-ll walthiofine thiranjedutthirunnuvenkum vaalthiyophinte anuyaayikalil oraal vaalthiyophinte thiranjeduppu surakshithamakkaan oru anarhamaaya sammanam (kaikkooli) nalkiyathinaal aaa thiranjeduppu maattivachu. thudarnnu steefanteyum henriyudeyum mattoru anantharavanaaya henry dii suliyude zee surakshithamakkaan bloyisile henry shramichu. sulliyude thiranjeduppine niraparadhiyaaya randaaman marpappa ethirthu, addeham fekkaambinte madaadhipathiyaayi thudarumbol addehathe aarch bishappayi sthireekarikkaan visammathichu. 1141 januvariyil nadanna moonnaamathe thiranjeduppil maathramaan vilyam thiranjedukkappettathu. kazhinja rund thiranjeduppukalilum addeham sthaanaarthiyaayirunno ennu anjjaathamaanu.
yorkshareile sistershyan ashramangalum yorkkile aarch deekkanukalum thiranjeduppine ethirthu. 1139-leeii randaamathe laattaran kaunsil oru roopathayude mathasthaapanangalkk bishappine thiranjedukkunnathil pankedukkaanulla avakasham nalkiyenna adisthaanathilaanu sistezhsiyanmaar ethirthathu. simoni (kaikkooliyiloode palli sthaanangal ettedukkal), steefan raajaavinte edapedal ennee aropanangal kaaranam kaantarbariyile aarch bishop theobald oof beeii vilyaminte thiranjeduppu amgeekarikkaan visammathichu. aropanangal thettaanenn sathyaprathinja cheythaal vilyam adhikaarathil undennu sthireekarikkaamennu 1143ll niraparadhiyaaya randaaman marpappa vidhichu. sathyaprathinja cheytha sesham, maarppaappayude legettu koodiyaayirunna bloyisinte henry vilyamine niraparaadhiyaanennu kandethukayum 1143 septambar 26 nuu aarch bishappayi prathishtikkappedukayum cheythu.
aadyam archipiscopettum nikshepavum.
aarch bishop enna nilayil vilyam niravadhi sabhaa parishkaarangal ettedukkukayum yorkkile janangalkkidayil janapriyamaakukayum cheythu. ennirunnaalum, addehathinu appozhum oru palium aavashyamaayirunnu, athu maarppaappayil ninnu oru aarch bishappinte adhikaarathinte adayaalamaayirunnu, athu addehathinu ithuvare labhichitilla. addeham aarch bishop aayirikkunnathine ippozhum shakthamayi ethirtha sistezhsiyanmaar athu sweekarikkunnathu thadayaan dridanishchayathilaayirunnu. palium nedaanulla shramathil vilyam romilek pooyi. 1145ll oru sistershyanaaya yujeen moonnaaman marpappa thiranjedukkappettathu addehathinte lakshyathin thirichadiyaayirunnu. prashastha sistershyan madaadhipathiyum mathanethaavumaaya clairvoxinte bernard, vilyaminte suspension urappakkaan thante ellah swaadheenavum cheluthukayum, mathethara sakthikal vilyam seeyilekk nuzhanjukayariyennum addeham sistershyan aashramangale adichamarthukayaanennum kramarahithamayi sent vilyathe niyamichuvennum puthiya maarppaappaykk paraathikalude oru parambara ayakkukayum cheythu. york deanayi barbara. 1145-1146 leeii shaithyakaalath yujeen cases veendum parisodhikkukayum vilyam saadhuvaayi prathishtikkappettilletti prakhyapikkukayum addehathe padaviyil ninnu suspended cheyyukayum cheythu. appozhekkum darham bishappaya sent barbarayile vilyam pazhaya aropanangal nerittu nishedhikkendivannu.
thante kesinte anthimatheerumaanathinaayi kaathirikkave, vilyam thante suhruthukkaliloraalaya sisiliyile rajaavaaya rogger randaamanodoppam thamasam thudangi. vilyaminte suspensionecurichu kettappol, yorkkile chila anuyaayikal foundans abback nere vinashakaramaaya akramanam nadatthi, athu pala kettidangalum nashippichu. 1147-nte thudakkathil yujeen vilyamine audyogikamaayi sthaanabhrashtanaakkukayum 1148 march 21-nuu kaunsil oof reamsil mozhimattam sthireekarikkukayum cheythu. yorkkilekkulla mattoru thiranjeduppu nadannu, sthaanaarthikalil raajaavinte sthaanaarthiyaayirunna chichasttarile hilari, foundans abbeyile sistezhsiyan madaadhipathiyaaya henry murdack ennivar ulppedunnu. mardaakkinte pinthunakkaaril sistezhsiyanukalum vilyaminte muun sakhyakakshiyaya sent barberayile vilyam ulppede roopathayile bhooribhaagam purohithanmaarum ulppedunnu. irupakshavum maarppaappayod abhyarthichu, marpappa mardaakkine vijayakaramaya sthaanaarthiyaayi sthireekarichu. vilyam pinneedu 40 varsham munbu newyorkkil thante currier aarambhikkunnathinayi vittupoya nagaramaya winchesterilekku madangi.
randaamathe aarkkipiskopett.
vilyaminte mozhiyum mardaakkinte niyamanavum sweekarikkaan steefan rajaavu visammathikkukayum mardaakkine yorkkil thaamasikkunnathil ninnu thadayukayum cheythu. thante pingamiyenna nilayil thante swantham jeevithakaalathu kireedadhaaranam nedaan shramichirunna thante makan yoostesinu pinthuna nalkunnathinaayi mardaakkinte amgeekaaram nalkaan steefan aagrahichirikkam, simhasanathinaayulla athiraalikalude avakaashavaadangale anjouvinte henry paraajayappeduthunnathinaayi. eathaanum varshangalkkullil mardak marpappa marikkukayum puthiya anaesthesius naalaamanod adhikaarathilekkulla thirichuvaravinaayi apekshikkaan vilyam romilek pookukayum cheythu. marpappa sammathikkukayum 1153 desember 20nuu vilyaminte punarniyamanam sthireekarikkukayum cheythu. vijayakaramaya ghoshayaathrayil yorkkile aus paalam kadakkumbol, addeham yorkkilekk madangiyethiyappol paalam thakarnnu, pakshe aarum kollapettilla.
maranavum vishudhathayum.
oru maasathinullil yorkkilvechu 1154 juun 8nuu kurbaanaykkide chaalisil visham nalkiyathine thudarnnu vilyam marichu. vilyaminte clarkkukaliloraal yorkkile aarch deekkan ausbert dii bayeksine kolapaathakathinu kuttappedutthi, oosberttine rajasabhayil vichaarana cheyyaan raajaavinte munbaake vilippichu. vichaarana nadakkunnathinu munbu steefan marichu. vilyam york minsttaril samskarikkappedukayum maranam kazhinju eathaanum masangalkkullil athbhuthangalkk kaaranam addehathinte edapedal aanennum theepidutthatthil thakarnnappol addehathinte shavakudeerathil ninnu oru madhura gandham vannethukayum cheythu. shareeram kedaakukayo kathikkappedukayo cheythilla. thudarnnu moonnaaman marpappa athbhuthangalekkurichu anweshikkaan utharavidukayum 1226ll addehathe romil vishudhanaakkukayum cheythu.
vilyaminte perunnaal dinam addehathinte maranadivasamaaya juun 8 nuu adayaalappeduthunnu. addehathinte aaradhana pradhaanamaayum yorkkilaayirunnu, addehathinte bhaktharil norphokkile raajaavinte linninte margery kempe (1373-1438) undaayirunnu, addeham addehathinte shavakudeerathinu munnil "dhaaraalam karanju". parambaraagatha iconography janalukalum palappozhum vilyam twed kadakkunnathine chithreekarikkunnu; chila iconographykal addeham oru boatil kadakkunnathayi kaanikkunnu. vilyaminte anki kathichirikkunnu "allengil, moonnu, moonnu, onnu enningane ezhu purushappakartthikalulla gulls". eee yadhaartha paricha oru kaalath sent wilfried palliyude padinjaaran mathilaya bognor rejisilaanu thookkiyirunnathu.
shefieldile (roman catholica roopathayile haalam) nilavilulla oru palli 1932 ll sent vilyaminu samarppichu.
sent vilyams koleju.
addehathinte perilulla sent vilyams koleju york minstarinu aduthaanu. 1465num 1467num idayil edward naalaaman raajaavinte anumathiyode cathedralile chantry purohithanmaarude vaasasthalamaayi ithu sthaapikkappettu.
sent vilyams chaappal.
panthrandaam noottaandinte avasaanathil yorkkil sent vilyaminte oru chaappal nirmikkappettu. 1154ll vilyam yorkkilekk madangiyethiyappol paalam thakarnnuveenathumaayi bandhapetta oru athbhuthathinte adayaalamaayi aus paalatthinte vadakkan attathaanu ithu sthaapichathu. 1550 vare ithu oru pravarthanakshamamaaya chappalaayi thudarnnu. 1810num 1818num idayil paalatthinte naveekarana velayil chaappal neekkam cheythu.
shethrangal.
york minsttarile sent vilyaminte aadyakaala thilakkam sii. yilaanu. 1220kalil vilyaminte shavakudeeram tharayil kuzhichidukayum athinu mukalil oru kshetra ghadana sthaapikkukayum cheythu-ithu shavakudeerathinte adappu theerthaadakarkku prapyamaaya ghadanayil abhimaanikkunnu. 1284-ll vilyamsinte shareeram uyarnna balipeetathinu pinnilulla gaayakasamghathile oru puthiya shethrathilekku vivarthanam cheiyunnathinaayi bishop beck panam nalki; kshethrathinte oru soochanayum rekhappeduthiyittil. york minsttaril rund valia kshethrangalude thelivukalundu-onnu addehathinte shavakudeera sthalathum mattonn prathyekamaaya oru pradhana shethrathilumaanu.
sii. yilaanu shavakudeera kshethram nirmmichathu. 1330ll villyaminte yadhaartha shavakudeerathinte sthalamaaya naavinte kizhakke attathu ancho aaroo adii uyaramulla oru valia kallo marble slabo ulkkollunna ithinu mukalil alankaarathinte mukalile nilayum alankaara kamaanangalude oru parambarayum (neelamulla vashangalil naalu, cheruth rund) pinthunaykkunnu. muzhuvan ghadanayum kuranjathu uyarathil nilkkunnu. athil udaneelam cheria prathimakal kondu alankarikkukayum naalu konukalilulla oro spaandralukalum naalu suvisheshakarumaayi bandhapetta chithrangal chithreekarikkukayum cheiyunnu.
manthriyude uyarnna balipeedathinaduthulla ettavum puthiya, pradhana kshethram, orupakshe aii. dii. 2ll nirmmichathum, aii. dii. 1ll ninnulla manthriyude maasttar mesanaaya roobert spillesbyaanu roopakalppana cheythathum. pilkkaalatthe eee kshethram, manthriyude baakkiyullavayekkaal irunda marble nirmmichathum, oru valia marble peedam ulkkollunnathumaaya gothik shailiyilaayirunnu, athil vilyathinte oru avashishtam sthaapikkukayum oru thadi melaapp kondu moodukayum cheythu. 
athu veethiyum neelavumaayirunnu.
vilyaminte shethrangalilekku valia thothilulla theerthaadanatthinu thelivukalonnumilla. ennirunnaalum, manthriyude kalppicha glass janala ninnulla niravadhi paanalukal kshethrangalile harjikkareyum aaradhakareyum chithreekarikkunnu. yorkkil kandethiya oru leed aambulla oru vashath oru aarch bishappine thithreekarikkunnathu sent vilyamine prathinidheekarikkunnuvennu vaadikkappettittundu. vilyaminte shavakudeerathinte mukalbhagam orupakshe theerthaadakar sparsichathinaal minusamaarnnathaan. 1890kalil yorkkiloodeyulla ouvar lady oof ransom theerthaadana samghathinte bhagamaayirunna catholica theerthaadakarkku eee kshethrathe chumbikkan anumathi nalki.
1541 septambar 22nuu privy kaunsil yorkkil yogam cherukayum thante pravishyayile ellah shethrangalum polikkaan aarch bishappinode utharavidukayum cheythu. vilyaminte aaraadhanaalayangal verpeduthi princentarude kottaaratthil samskarichu. rund mathilukalkkum oru swakaarya veettinum idayil adachitta marble chila vasthuvidyaa sakalangal princentarude kottaaratthil ninnu thaan nediyathaayi 1715-ll ralph thorezbi report cheythu. orupakshe sent. sttinte shakalangalude aadya punarnirmmaanangalaayirunnu iva. vilyamsinte aaraadhanaalayangal. eee veettilo sameepatho 18-aamm noottaandile edapedalukalil ninnulla niravadhi sakalangal pinneedu cliffordinte gopurathinaduthulla poonthottangal ulppede yorkkinu chuttum vyaapichukidakkunnathum gaarhika furnitureukalaayi upayogikkunnathum kandethi. princentarude kottaaratthil ninnulla kshetra shakalangalude kooduthal kandethalukal 1882-1883,1927-1928 ennivayil cheythu. oro khananathilum pilkkaalatheyum munbatheyum kshethrangalude sakalangal kandethi.
vilyaminte avashishtangal adangiya shavakudeeram 1732lum veendum 1968lum veendum kandethi, aaa samayat avaa neekkam cheythu. addehathinte avashishtangal ippol york minsttarile oru shethrathilaanu sookshichirikkunnathu. kshethrangalude chila bhagangal ippol yorkshare myoosiyathilaan. englandile oru museum shekharathile oru vishudhante kshethrathinte eaka udaaharanamaanithu.