
benderil ettumuttal

russiayile sainika paraajayathinu sesham automan saamraajyathil ninnu sweedankaaranaaya chaals pathinaaraamane neekkam cheiyunnathinaayi benderile ettumuttal (;) roopeekarichu. 1713 februvari 1 nuu ottomaan pradeshathu, ippol bender pattanamaya moldovayil (vighadanavaadi pradesham/transnistria raajyam) ithu nadannu.
padavyuthpathishaasthram.
kalabalik" enna turkish vaakkinte ardham thirakkeriyathaan, ithu sambhavathin sesham "ashayakkuzhappam" allengil "valia takaraar" ennartham varunna sweedish, finnish kadamedutha padamaaya "kalabalik" aayi maari.
charithram.
1709 juun 27-nuu nadanna poltava yudhathinum moonnu divasathinu sesham perevolochnayil sweedish sainyathinte bhooribhaagavum keezhadangiyathinum sesham sweedankaaranaaya chaals pathinaraman 1500 karoliyanmarumaayum athe ennam kosakkukalumaayum ottoman saamraajyathilekku palayanam cheythu, avide avar ekadesham 5 varsham chelavazhichu.
sulthaante vishishtaathidhiyaayi audyogikamaayi turkkiyil thaamasichirunna chaals pathinaraman ahamed moonnaamante kathukalil "mahathwavum mahathwavum dharichu, bahumaanathinteyum mahathwathinteyum naathanaaya yeshuvine aaradhikkunna mahanaaya rajakumaaranmaaril ettavum vishishtanaayavan" ennu visheshippikkappettindu. ennirunnaalum, deerghakaalaadisthaanathil aathidheyathvam turkey khajanaavil oru sammarddamaayi maari. sweedish raajaavine vittupokaan prerippikkaan shramichappol chaals pathinaramanodu kooduthal sathrutha pulartthiyirunna grand visiermar choondikkaanikkunnathil paraajayappedaattha oru kaaryamaayirunnu sweedish paripaalanatthinulla uyarnna chelavu. ennirunnaalum, grand visiyarude bhaagath ninnu chaalsine bheeshanippeduthunna apakadatthe saadhaaranayaayi sulthaante kaarunyathaal prathirodhikkappettu. ennaal 1712-ll chaalsinte suhruthaayirunna tarthaar khaan devlettu randaaman giraay shathrukkalude pakshatthekku maariyappol apakadam mumbathekkaal kooduthalaayi.
1711 joolaiyil rajaavu thante parivaarathodoppam marria bender pattanatthinu vadakku 4 kilometer akaleyulla neesttarinte kizhakkan theerathulla varnitsa graamathilaanu eee sambhavam nadannathu. avide rajaavinu asaadhaaranamaaya kattiyulla mathilukalulla oru nila kallu kettidam undaayirunnu. raajaveedinu" chuttum, udyogastharkkaayi ancho aaroo kettidangalum 500 peradangunna oru battaliyanulla baarakkukalum kramena sthaapichu. kettidangalude eee samuchayathe saadhaaranayaayi "camp" ennu vilichirunnu. 
1713 januvari 31nuu turkey peerankippada sweedish campinu nere vediyuthirthu. februvari 1nuu benderile seraskarude neethrthwathil automan sainyam camp aakramichu. ekadesham 40 sainikarkoppam chaals pathinaraman noorukanakkinu thurkkukalkkethire nilakondu. drabant axel eric roose prathyekichum ettumuttalil svayam verthirichu, pakal samayat moonnu thavana addeham raajaavinte jeevan rakshichathaayi vivaranagal parayunnu. moonnu ottomanmaarude aakramanathinu vidheyanaayappol rajaavu thanne oru automan sainikanengilum thante vaal upayogichu thante kaikalkondu konnu. pooraattatthinte chila bhaagangalil, sweedish sainyam prathirodham ettedutha kettidatthil sthaapichirunna thante urangunna kwaarttezhsile oru janala ninnu akramikkunna shathruvinethire chaals oru carbine upayogichu sajeevamaayi snip cheiyukayaayirunnu. poraattam ezhu manikkooriladikam neenduninnu, aadya akramanangal thirichadichappol automanmaar peerankikalum thee ambukalum upayogichu; pinneedulla reethi phalapradamaanennu thelinju. thee ambukal kettidatthinte melkkooraykk theeyittu, prathirodhakare athu upekshikkaan nirbandhitharaakki, kathikkondirunna veettil ninnu purathupokumbol rajaavu swantham spursil mungiyathode poraattam pettennu avasaanichu. niravadhi automan sainikar addehathe akramikkukayum sheshikkunna poraalikaleyum pidikoodukayum cheythu.
eee ettumuttalinekkurichu oru prathyaksha vivaranam baaran fabricius ezhuthukayum engleeshilekku vivarthanam cheyyukayum 1761 januvariyile prathimasa avalokanathil prasidheekarikkukayum cheythu.
anantharafalangal.
thadavukaranaayirikke kurachu samayathinu sesham, gadebash yudhathile sweedish vijayathekkurichulla vaartha automan janathayil athiyappol chaals pathinaraman addehathinte sainikarum mochitharaayi. chaals pinneedu sweedante madakkayaathra aasoothranam cheyyaan thudangi.
1718ll thanne addeham norway keezhadakkaan oru sainyathe nayichu, athu raajaavinte maranashesham sweedish pinvaangalil avasaanichu.