
aadyathe grinnell paryaveshanam

1850-leeii aadyathe grinnell paryaveshanam, nashtappetta franklin vadakkupadinjaaran paswej paryaveshanatthinte vidhi nirnnayikkunnathinulla henry grinnell dhanasahayam nalkia aadyathe american sramamaayirunnu. lefttanant edwin dii hevante neethrthwathil samgham franklinte nirddishta roottile axus cheyyaavunna pradeshangal paryavekshanam cheythu. britiish paryaveshanangalumaayi ekopippichu, franklinte beachy dweep vintar kyaambinte avashishtangal avar thiricharinju, 1845 leeii shaithyakaalath franklinte pravarthanangalkku aadyathe uracha soochanakal nalki, svayam manjumoodiyitheernnu.
thayyaareduppu.
1850 aayappozhekkum moonnu britiish rakshaapravarthanangal frankline kandethaan kazhinjirunnilla. 1849 eprililum desemberilum lady jaine franklin american president sackery tailorinu thirachil thudaranamennu abhyarthichu. kappalukal vaangunnathinulla viniyogangal kongras pasakkunnathil neenduninnappol, american vyaapaari henry grinnell 91 tonn, 144 tonn enningane rund brigukal vaangi, avaa artic sevanathinaayi punarnirmmikkukayum sarkkaarin vaagdaanam cheyyukayum cheythu, avar vegathil adhika fandukalum sannadha naavika udyogastharum jeevanakkarum nalki. anuvadaneeyamaaya saahacharyangalkkanusarich vellington chaanalinteyum keppu wackerinteyum pradeshangalil shradha kendreekarikkaan paryaveshanathinu nirddesham nalki. advance" enna kappalil sarjanaayi sevikkunnathinaayi floridayile feeld varkkil ninnu elisha kent keynine konduvannu, kyapttan donald maansane "sophiya" enna kappalil aise maastaraayi konduvannu. thayyaareduppukal vegathil kaikaaryam cheyyukayum 1850 meyy 22 nuu newyorkkile naavika yardle ninnu paryaveshanam aarambikkukayum cheythu.
yaatra.
juun 20 nuu greenland kanda eee paryaveshanam disco beyile kireedavakashi dveepukalil (timingala malsyam) thuramukhamaakki. oru britiish meyil kappalil ninnu, britiish durithaashwaasa pravartthanangal athe pradeshathekku neengukayaanennu avar manassilakki. "munneral", "raksha" enniva juun 29 nuu dveepukalil ninnu purappettu, juulai 1 nuu upernavikkilekku neengumbol aise feeldine nerittu. juulai 7 aayappozhekkum, kappalukal verpedunnathu thadayunnathinaayi "raksha" edukkaan "munnettam" nirbandhikkaan paakk aise saandramaayirunnu. kakkakal, aise ankerukal, bothookkukal enniva upayogichu kaikal kondu oru paatha 'booar' cheyyaan kroovukale idaykkide manjilekku ayachirunnu. 21 divasathekku kappalukal eathaandu vegathil pidichunirtthukayum jeevanakkaarude parishramathaal pathukke munnott neengukayum cheythu.
oduvil juulai 28 nuu paaykk aisil ninnu mochithamaaya paryaveshanam melville ulkkadaliloode, nirantharamaaya aise bargukalkkidayil sanjarichu. august aarambhichathode, madangivarunna ookkukaleyum idaykkide dhruvakaradiyeyum vettayaadunnathiloode bhakshya vitharanathinu anubandhamaayi. august 10nuu, kaattinte oru maattam iru kappalukaleyum aise adanjukidakkunnathinaal apakadakaramaaya marddathil kettanum puratthekku oodikkaanum nirbandhitharaakki. pittennu thuranna vellathilekku purappettathinusesham, theerathu laankaastar shabdathilekku vadakkott sthiramaaya purogathi kaivarichu, avide avar keppu yorkkinu sameepam 76 digri vadakku inyoottu vettakkaare nerittu. vettayaadunnathinum nireekshanathinumaayi samghaamgangal idaykkide ulnaadan pradeshangalilekku hraswa yathrakal nadathiyirunnu.
franklinte adayaalangal.
august 18 nuu, kyapttan vilyam penniyude keezhil britiish kappalaya "lady franklin"-maayi paryavekshanam sanbarkkam pulartthi, avarude swantham franklin rakshaapravarthanam aarambhichu. mattu oresamayathe britiish paryaveshanangalekkurichu vaarthakal kaimari. 21-nuu, sarr joonn rosinte neethrthwathil avar "felix" yeei nerittu. 22-nuu, avar "prins albert" enna kappalil kyapttan forsithine kandumutty, avar thaazhnna boothiyan, kokkben laandukalil samyuktha sledge thirachil nirddeshichu. devon dveepile cape riliyil rund divasam munbu "sahayavum" "nirbhayathvavum" upayogichu avasheshicha oru kairn kandethiyappol, keppilum beachy dveepilum britiish kyaambukalude adayaalangal kandethiyathayi soochippikkunnu. raksha" 
kyapttan griffinte keezhil kyapttan oosmaaniyumaayi eee kandethalil pankuchernnirunnu.
keppu riliyil, kallu mathilukalude avashishtangal kandethi, orupakshe franklinte koodaarangale pinthunaykkaan. uppuvellathil ninnulla kesukalude avashishtangalum vasthrangaludeyum boat shakalangaludeyum avashishtangalum kandethi. munkaala paryaveshanangalonnum ivide camp cheythittillenn ariyappedunnu. vellington chaanalile manjukattakalkk niravadhi varshangalkk munbu thakarkkappedathe thudarunnathinte ellah soochanakalum undennu dii heven nireekshichu. kyapttan penniyude kappalukalaya "lady franklin", "sophiya" ennivayumaayi koodikkaazhcha nadathikkondu samyuktha samgham 26-nuu beachy dveepilekku neengi. pennikkoppam aarr. franklinte samghathodoppam kaanathaaya asisttant sarjanaaya haari goodsrinte sahodaranaaya anstruther goodsyr. lunden labelukalulla kandeynarukal, 1844 muthalulla pathrangal, franklinte udyogasthar oppitta pepparukal ennivayulppede mattu avashishtangal keppil ninnu tracucheythu.
appozhekkum rosinteyum penniyudeyum paryaveshanangal "munnettam", "raksha" ennee mekhalakalilaayirunnu. beachy dveepile oru land party shavakudeerangal kandethiyathayi report cheythappol ekopitha thirachil padhathikal thayyarakkukayayirunnu. moonnu shavakudeerangalum parambaraagatha thadi adayaalangalaal adayaalappeduthukayum keppu riliye abhimukeekarikkunna chunnaambukallukalude slabukalaal samrakshikkappedukayum cheythu.
manjumoodiya.
shaityakaala kodunkaattukal udan thanne kappalukale verthirichu, "rescue" ulppede, athu thekk kadalilekku valicherinju. griffitthinte dveepinte aapekshika abhayathinaayi cheytha "munnettam", mattullavayil chilar chernnu. rescue" thekk niyanthranam veendeduthu, paryavekshanam punaraarambhikkaan kazhiyunna oru ghattathilethiyittilne vidhichukondu, shekharicha vivarangalumayi rund kappalukalum veettilekku madangaan sramikkaan theerumaanichu. ennirunnaalum, aise kattiyakukayum rund kappalukalum taamasiyaathe ekadesham 75°24 'vadakku vellington chanalil vegathil pidikkappedukayum cheythu. vidoora vadakkulla parvathangalkk "grinnell land" ennu namakaranam cheythu, ithu pinneedu devon dveepinte oru upadveepaayi theerumaanichu. kanatha manjuveezhcha kappalukalil pathikkukayum kaalaanusrithamaaya iruttu anubhavappedaan thudangiyappol phloo rund kappalukaleyum vadakkott valichizhaykkukayum cheythu.
october 1 aayappozhekkum rund kappalukalum neenda shaithyakaalathinaayi thayyaaredutthu, mukalile dekkukal moodukayum paaykkattukal adukki vaykkukayum stau paippukal sajjeekarikkukayum cheythu. ettavum aduthulla theerathu oru emarjansi depoyile saadhanangal sookshichuvechu. idaykkide akramasakthamaaya manjumoodiya chalanagal rund kappalukalkkum bheeshaniyaayi, kaatt nirddeshichathupole avaa vadakotto thekotto neengi. kattaar vilakkukal cabin thaapanila maravippikkunnathin mukalilaakki. niravadhi kroo amgangal scurvyude aadyakaala lakshanagal kaanikkan thudangi, athinethire puthiya maamsam nalkunnathinaayi keyne mudrakaleyum kurukkanmaareyum vettayaadi. kauthukamulla kurukkanmaare kroovine rasippikkaan niyantrikkappettu. november 9 nakam poornna shaityakaala thayyaareduppukal poortthiyaayi, kappalukal ippol beachy dveepinu sameepamaan, thaapanila saadhaaranayaayi poojyathil thaazheyaan.
desember aarambhichathode, adiyanthira saahacharyangalil kappalukal upekshikkunathinum saadhanangal thayyarakkunnathinum sledgeukal thayyarakkunnathinum jeevanakkar thayyaareduppukal nadatthi. aise kombukal polikkunnath thudarnnu. desember 7 nuu, apakadakaramaaya saahacharyangal "raksha" upekshikkaan nirbandhithamaakki, avarude jeevanakkar "munnettam" konduvannu. munkoor" aise uyarthukayum, ozhivundaayirunna "rescue" pathukke keerikkondirikkumbol, villil ninnu aise neekkam cheyyaan idaykkide jeevanakkaare ayaykkukayum cheythu. phloo ozhukunnathu thudarnnu, ippol thekkukizhakkayi baffin ulkkadalile puthiya aise apakadangalilekku. griffin ozhippikkal parisheelanathinu neethrthwam nalkukayum vardhichuvarunna thanuppil ninnulla insulationaayi "munnettatthinu" chuttum manju niraykkukayum cheythu. oru mechappetta chrismus thiyettar undaayirunnittum, shaashvathamaaya artic raathriyil manoveeryam kuranjathinaal ettu kroo ippol scurvyude karutha monakal pradharshippichu.
1851-ll baffin ulkkadalinte attathu thudangi, pakal velicham thirichuvaraan thudangiyappol thaapanila saadhaaranayaayi chuttum. januvari 13 nuu, sakthamaaya kaattin idayil aise pravartthanam vardhichu, manjil sookshichirunna saadhanangal nashtappedukayum "raksha" yude sahacharyam kooduthal vashalaavukayum cheythu. februvariyile tedium manjil idaykkide football kalikalum raathriyil kooduthal thiyettarukalum thakarthu. scurvyude lakshanagal vardhikkukayum puthiya bhakshanathinte ration vardhippikkukayum cheythenkilum prayojanam kuravaayirunnu. 22nuu yaathrayile ettavum thanuppulla thaapanila rekhappeduthiyirunnu.
march aarambhichathode, chuttumulla manjil ninnu kothiyeduttha drydokkile poorvabhaagatthe attakuttappanikal ulppede sevanathinaayi "rescue" punarnirmikkaan theerumaanichu. vardhicha pakal, vyayaamam, sorkraat, naaranga neeru ennivayude udaaramaaya bhakshanagal enniva jeevanakkarkkidayil scurvyude lakshanagal kuraykkaan thudangi. kappalukal 72° vadakkott pidichunirthunnathuvar aise paaykkukalude chalanam mandagathiyilaayirunnu. march pakuthiyode, manju pottitherikkaan thudangi, kanatha manjuveezhchaykkidayil vanyajeevikal thirichuvaraan thudangi. rund shaakhakalkkum chuttum kappal jeevanakkar aise uppuvekkaan thudangiyappol epril kurachu thuranna vellam konduvannu. epril 22 nuu, "rescue" yude jeevanakkar avarude kappalilekkulla madakkam poortthiyaakki, brigg shaithyakaalathe athijeevichathil athbhuthappettu.
pottitherikkunnu.
meyy pakuthiyode, aise phloo keppu serlinte aduthethiyappol neelamulla arakal upayogichu kappalukalile manjine durbalappeduthaanulla sramangal phalam kaanikkan thudangi. kappalukalkk chuttumulla pindatthil ninnu manjinte slaabukal murichu maatti. pakshikale vettayaadunnathil ninnulla puthiya mamsavum idaykkide dhruvakkarady samghathe shakthippeduthi. thuranna vellam kappalukalude aduthekku pathichuvenkilum athu valare eluppathil athicheraanaakaathe pooyi. manjinte ozhukk thakarnnathode 1851 juun 5nuu kappalukal chilath ozhukiya sesham puratthirangi; "munnettatthinte" karmmam ippozhum avasaanathe valia aise table uyarthippidichirunnu. aise soos upayogichirunnuvenkilum pottitherikkunnathinu vedimarunnu ozhivakkaan kazhinjilla. eee sramangal falapradamalla, kaaranam aise briginte chukkaniye urappichu pidichirunnu. eee aise juun 8 nuu akramaasakthamaayi "munnettam" nadatthi, athinusesham rund kappalukalum manjinte oru laabeerinthiloode sanjarichu. juun 16nuu avar timingala malsya dveepukalil ethi, franklininu vendiyulla thirachil punaraarambhikkaan vadakkott purappedunnathinu munbu godhavanil inyoottinoppam anchu divasam sukham praapichu.
juun 24 aayappozhekkum avar veendum paakk aise neridukayum pathukke upernavikkilekku pookukayum cheythu. juulai aadyam oru danish vaasasthalathu thangunnathuvare praadeshika inyoottinoppam vettayaadukayum sandarshikkukayum cheythu. manju thelinjathode, avar britiish timingala vettakkaare nerittu, vaarthakal, meyil, puthiya saadhanangal enniva kaimarukayum hrasvamaayi upernavic sandarshikkukayum cheythu. aduthuthanne, avar veendum kandumuttukayum frankline thirayunna "albert rajakumaaranumaayi" chernnucherukayum cheythu. moonnu kappalukalum vadakkott pathukke purogamikkunnundenkum vazhi poornnamaayum thadayunnathinumumbu adutha aazhchakalil aise feeldukal. august 5nuu "albert rajakumaran" sthithigathikal upekshichu, manju kayarunnathiloode thekkott neengi. "venalkkaalam neratthe mangiyathinaal vellington chaanalinte thuranna jalathinte thirayal pradeshangalilethaanulla "rescue", "advance" enniva avarude sramangal thudarnnu. valia manjumalakal akathekku ozhukukayum kooduthal ayanja manjukattakal valaykkukayum cheythathinaal avar pathukke vadakkott, muttam thorum, akramasakthamaaya paaykk aisiloode murichu. august 17 aayappozhekkum, ekadesham oru maasathinide aadyamaayi avar vellam thurakkaan svayam valichedukkukayum shaithyakaalam avare veendum pidikoodunnathinu munbu veettilekku madangaan theerumaanikkukayum cheythu. august 23nuu upernaavikkil athichernnu. 1851 septambar 30nuu newyorkkilvechu henry grinnell avare kandumuttukayum rund kappalukalum thirike nalkukayum cheythu.
nigamanangal.
beachy dveepinaduthulla shaithyakaalathethudarnn franklin orupakshe anjjaathamaaya thuranna kadalinaayi vadakkott maariyirikkaamenn dii heven thante audyogika reportil nigamanam cheythu. aathyanthikamayi, nere vipareethamaanu sathyamennum franklin thante yadhaartha utharavukalkkanusarichu thekk thudarnnuvennum nirnnayikkappedum. paryaveshanatthinte akaala samaapanathil niraasanaaya addeham, "njangalude thirachilinte lakshyathil athrayadikam velicham veezhaan njangalude advaanam sahayichathinaal dukhithahrudayathode" yathraye kanakkakki."
1853-ll, franklinekkurichulla puthiya vivarangalonnum kandethunnathil paraajayappedukayum aathyanthikamayi manjilekkulla "munnettam" upekshikkukayum cheythukondu keyne randaamathe grinnell paryaveshanathinu neethrthwam nalki.

