
chaals vaaran

britiish royal enchineeyarmaaril oru udyogasthanaayirunnu general sarr chaals vaaran (7 februvari 1840-21 januvari 1927). baibil vishudhabhoomiyile, prathyekichu kshethraparvvathathile aadyakaala europian puraavastu gaveshakaril oraalaayirunnu addeham. addehathinte sainika sevanathinte bhooribhaagavum britiish dakshinaafrikkayilaanu chelavazhichathu. 1886 muthal 1888 vare jacq dhii ripper kolapathaka velayil lunden metropolittan poleesinte thalavanaayirunna addeham munbu metropolisinte police kammeeshanaraayirunnu. randaam boyer yudhathil yudhathil addehathinte aadhipathyam vimarshikkappettuvenkum sainika, sivil posttukalil addeham thante deerghakaala jeevithathil ganyamaaya vijayam nedi.
vidyaabhyaasavum aadyakaala sainikajeevitavum.
vaaran janichathu veyilsile gwynedile baamgorilaanu, mejar general sarr chaals vaarante makanaan. bridgnorth vyaakarana schoolilum shropshireile vem vyaakarana schoolilum addeham vidyaabhyaasam nedi. 1854ll cheltenham collegilum addeham oru thavana chernnu, avide ninnu sandhurstile royal milittari collegilum thudarnnu voolvichile royal milittari academyilum (1855-57) chernnu. 1857 desember 27nuu addeham royal enchineeyarmaaril second leftanantaayi niyamikkapettu. 1864 septambar 1 nuu addeham phaani maargaratta haydonine vivaham kazhichu (1919 ll marichu); avarkk rund aanmakkalum rund penmakkalum undaayirunnu. vaaran oru bhakthanaya engleeshukaaranum aaveshabharithanaaya freemesanumaayirunnu, singappoorile kizhakkan dveepasamoohathinte moonnaamathe jilla grand maastarum kwaattoor koronatti lodjinte sthaapaka maastarum aayi.
sainikajeevitam.
1861 muthal 1865 vare vaaran jibralter sarveyil pravarthichu. eee samayat addeham trikonamithi upayogichu jibraalttarinte paarayil sarway nadathukayum mejar general fromyude pinthunayode jibraalttarinte rund deerghakaala vishadamaaya modalukal srishtikkukayum cheythu. ivayilonnu voolvichil sookshichirunnuvenkilum mattonn jibraltar myoosiyathil pradarshippichittundu. eee maathrkakal paarayudeyum thuramukhathinteyum aakruthi mathramalla, ellah rodukaludeyum kettidangaludeyum roopavum chithreekarichu. 1865 muthal 1867 vare addeham chaatthatthile milittari enchiniyaring schoolil surveyingil asisttant instraktaraayirunnu. eee jolikkayi addehathe captanaayi sthaanakkayattam nalki.
padinjaaran palestine-jarusalem.
1867-ll, automan syriayil pinneedu ettedukkenda kooduthal gaveshanavum khananavum kanakkileduthu, ennaal kooduthal vyakthamaayi vishudha bhoomi allengil baibil palestine enna nilayil, baibil puraavastu "rahasyaanveshanam" nadatthaan palestine paryavekshana fund vaarane niyamichu. palastheenil nadatthiya peph sarveyil addeham jarusalemile kshethraparvvathathil aadyathe pradhana khananangalilonn nadatthi, athuvazhi baibil puraavasthushaasthrathinte oru puthiya yugathinu thudakkamittu. addehathinte ettavum pradhanappetta kandethal ippol warrens shaaft ennariyappedunna oru vaattar shaafttum kshethraparvathathinu thaazheyulla thurankangalude oru parambarayumaayirunnu. 
vaaranum samghavum jarusaleminte bhoopada bhoopadavum mechappeduthukayum baibil nagaramaya jerichoyude sthalamaaya tell ezz-sulthaante aadya khananam nadathukayum cheythu. vaarante bhoopadatthil pattikappedutthiyirikku chila sittukal, prathyekichu akra (athu thaazhathe nagaratthil sthaapikkunna josephasinu vipareethamaayi addeham athu mukalile nagaratthil sthaapikkunnu), pinneedu sariyaakkukayum update cheyyukayum cheythu.
1870-ll vaaran brittanilekku madangukayum avide puraavasthushaasthrathekku oru pusthakam ezhuthaan thudangukayum cheythu. eee paryaveshanatthil ninnulla addehathinte kandethalukal pinneedu "dhii sarway oof vestten palasteen-jarusalem" (1884) enna peril prasidheekarikkappettu.aarr. koondar. eee pradeshathekkurichulla vaarante mattu pusthakangalil "jarusaleminte veendedukkal" (1871), "bhoogarbha jarusalem" (1876), "vaagdaanathinte naadu" (1875) enniva ulppedunnu.
vaarante ettavum pradhanappetta sambhavana jarusalemile oru bhoogarbha shaafttinte paryaveshanamaanu, athu ippol addehathinte perilaanu ariyappedunnathu, athaayath., vaarante shaaft. 2013-leeii oru prasidheekaranamaaya "dhaa walls oof dhaa temple moundu", oru pusthaka avalokanathil sangrahichathupole, vaarante srishtikalekkurichu kooduthal vishadaamshangal nalki."... kshethrathinte puram bhitthibhithi chuvarukalude thaazhathe bhagangal vare nilatthinu thaazheyulla parakal khananam cheiyunnathilum padinjaaru bhaagathulla robinsons kamaanam, athinu thaazheyulla herodian theruvu thudangiya vividha thalangalil thaan neritta vividha tharam kallukal rekhappeduthunnathilum addeham shradha kendreekarichu. ... 1884-ll vaarante 50 bhoopadangal, padhathikal, droingukal ennivayude oru valia portfolio peph prasidheekarichu, padhathikal, uyarangal, vibhagangal muthalaayava.jerusalemile khananathinte phalangal kaanikkunna, 1867-70 (ippol 'vaaran atlas' ennariyappedunnu)."
dakshinaafrikka.
addeham doverilum pinneedu shuberness (1871-73) enna school oof gannariyilum hrasvamaayi sevanamanushtichu. 1876-ll colonial oafees grickwaland vesttum ooranchu free stettum thammilulla athirthi sarway cheyyaan addehathe prathyeka kammeeshanaraayi niyamichu. eee pravarthanatthinaayi, 1877-ll addehathe sent maikkal, sent jorj (cmg) ennivarude koottukaaranakki. transcay yudhathil (1877-78) addeham diamond fiields kuthiraye nayikkukayum perry bushil vachu gurutharamaayi parikkelkkukayum cheythu. eee sevanathinaayi, addehathe ayachathil paraamarsikkukayum lefttanant kenalaayi sthaanakkayattam nalkukayum cheythu. thudarnnu bechuvaanaalaandile "thaddesheeya chodyangal" anweshikkaan prathyeka kammeeshanaraayi niyamikkappedukayum kalapam adichamarthaan vadakkan athirthi paryaveshana senaye nayikkukayum cheythu. 1879ll addeham grickwalland vesttinte bharanadhikaariyaayi. dakshinaafrikkayile vadakkan keppu pravishyayile vaarantan pattanatthinu addehathinte peraanu nalkiyirikkunnath.
pammer paryaveshana anweshanam.
1880-ll, vaaran englandilekku madangiyethi school oof milittari enchineeyaringil surveyinginte mukhya parisheelakanaayi. 1884 vare addeham eee padavi vahichuvenkilum 1882-ll professor edward henry pamarude puraavastu paryaveshanathinu enthaanu sambhavichathenn kandethaan naavikasena addehathe sinaayilekk ayachathode athu thadassappettu. paryaveshanamgangal kollayadikkappedukayum kollappedukayum cheythathayi addeham kandethukayum avarude avashishtangal kandethukayum avarude kolayaalikale niyamathinu munnil konduvarikayum cheythu. ithinaayi 1883 meyy 24 nuu addehathe oordar oof sent maikkal aandu sent jorj (keey. sii. emm. jii) yude naitt kamaandaraayi niyamichu, koodaathe eejipshyan sarkkar addehathinu oordar oof medjidi, therd klaas nalkukayum cheythu. 1883ll addehathe sent oordar oof justicinte naitt oof justisaayum niyamichu. jarusalemile joonn, 1884 juunil addeham royal sosaittiyude (efrs) fello aayi thiranjedukkappettu.
bechuwanland paryaveshanam.
1884 desemberil, ippol oru lefttanant-kenalaaya vaarane bechuvanaalandilekkulla oru sainika paryaveshanathinu utharavidunnathinum germmaniyil ninnum transwall ninnumulla kaiyettangal neridumbol britiish paramadhikaaram urappikkunnathinum traansvaalinte pinthunayullathum praadeshika swana gothrangalil ninnu bhoomiyum kannukaalikalum moshtikkunnathumaaya stellaaland, goshan ennee boyer freebooter samsthaanangale adichamarthunnathinum echhem special kammeeshanaraayi ayachu. vaaran paryaveshanam ennariyappettirunna 4,000 britiish, praadeshika sainikarude sainyam keppu tounil ninnu vadakkott neengi, britiish sainyam feeldil upayogicha aadyathe moonnu nireekshana baloonukalkkoppam. rakthachorichillaathe paryaveshanam athinte lakshyangal kaivarichu, 1885 septambaril vaarane thirichuvilikkukayum 1885 october 4 nuu sent maikkal, sent jorj (jii. sii. emm. jii) oordarinte oru naitt grand cross aayi niyamikkappedukayum cheythu.
police kammeeshanar.
1885-ll, shefield haalam niyojakamandalatthil oru swatantra liberal sthaanaarthiyaayi vaaran paarlamentilekkulla thiranjeduppil samoolamaaya prakadana pathrikayumaayi nilakondu. 690 vottukalkku parajayappetta addeham 1886ll suvaakkinil kamaandaraayi niyamithanaayi. eathaanum aazhchakalkk sesham addeham ethi, ennirunnaalum, sarr edmund hendezhson raajivachathinethudarnnu addehathe metropolittan police kammeeshanaraayi niyamichu.
thasthikayilekku vaaranmaare thiranjedukkunnathinulla krithyamaaya kaaranam ippozhum anjjaathamaanu. athuvare, irupathaam noottaandil kurachukaalathekku, scotland yaardinte thalavanmaare sainyathinte raankukalilninnu thiranjedutthirunnu. 1883-ll professor pamarude sinaay paryaveshanatthinte vidhi kandethunnathile pankaalittham aayirikkam vaarante kaaryatthil addehathe thiranjedutthathu. anganeyaanengil, aaa kesil addehathinte "police joliye" kurichu gurutharamaaya pishak undayirikkaam, kaaranam athu oru sainika anweshanamaayirunnu, sivil stail police ooppareshanaayirunnilla.
kazhinja kurachu varshangalayi hendezhsante nishkriyathvam moolam vaaran chumathalayettappol metropolittan police mosham avasthayilaayirunnu. landanile saambathika sthithi moshamaayirunnu, ithu prakadanangalilekku nayichu. thante aalukalude kshemathil addeham aashankaakulanaayirunnu, pakshe ithil bhooribhaagavum sradhikkappedaathe pooyi. thante sooprandumaarumaayi pothuve nalla bandhamundaayirunnuvenkum addehathinte aalukal addehathe valare akaleyaan kandethiyathu. 1887-ll victoria raajnjiyude suvarnna jubiliyil, bahumanappetta yuva thunnalkkariyaaya miss elisabath kaas, (orupakshe) abhyarthichathinu thettayi arast cheyyappedukayum kodathikalil avalude thozhiludama shabdaparamaayi pinthunaykkukayum cheythathinetthudarnnu poleesinu ganyamaaya prathikoola pracharanam labhichu.
karyangal kooduthal vashalakkaan, liberalaaya vaaran, kammeeshanaraayi eathaanum maasangalkk sesham niyamithanaaya yaadhaasthithika aabhyanthara sekrattari henry maatteesumaayi sauhrudam pulartthiyilla. asisttant kammeeshanar (crime) jaims monroyude commissioneril ninnu phalapradamaayi swathanthranaayi thudaraanulla aagrahathe mathyus pinthunachu, koodaathe vaaranumaayi nirantharam ettumuttunna senayude cheef financial offeesaraaya reseaverine pinthunachu. hoome oafees sthiram sekrattari godfrey lushington vaaranumaayi bandham pulartthiyilla. vaaran thante adambara vasthrangal, purushanmaarude boottukalude gunanilavaarathekkurichu addehathinte aashanka (avar oru divasam 20 mile vare nadannathaayi kanakkaakkunna vivekapoornamaaya aashanka, pakshe kittinodulla sainika abhinivesham ennu parihasikkapetta onnu), drilline veendum avatharippikkal ennivaykku vaaran pathrangalil vimarsikkappettu. 1887 november 13 nuu raktharookshithamaaya njaayaraazhchaykk sesham theevravaada maadyamangal addehathinethire thirinju, trafalgarh squareil nadanna oru prakadanatthe 4,000 police udyogastharum 300 kaalaalppadayaalikalum 600 kuthirasavaari police life gaardukalum kaalnadayaayi thakarthu.
1888ll vaaran anchu cheef constablemaare sooprandumaarum asisttant kammeeshanarmaarum thammilulla rankingle niyamichu. criminal investigation departmentile (sii. aii. dii) cheef constable, thante deputy, thante melville mcnagtente suhruthaayirikkanamennu moonroo nirbandhichu, ennaal bangaalile oru kalaapasamayath mcnagtene hindukkal marddichuvennu paranju vaaran addehathinte niyamanathe ethirthu. iruvarum aabhyanthara secreteric raaji vaagdaanam cheythathode ithu vaaranum monroyum thammilulla oru pradhana tharkkamaayi maari. mathyus monroyude raaji sweekarichu, pakshe addehathe hoome offeesilekku maattukayum prathyeka branchinte command nilanirthaan anuvadikkukayum cheythu, athu addehathinte prathyeka thaalpparyamaayirunnu. roobert aandezhsane asisttant kammeeshanaraayi (crime) niyamichu, suuprand adolphus vilyamsanine cheef konstabilaayi (sii. aii. dii) niyamichu. vaarante purakil monroyumaayi bandhappedaan iruvareyum prothsaahippichu.
jacq dhii ripper.
vaarante ettavum valia budhimuttu jacq dhii ripper kesaayirunnu. aberline dhii maan huu hund jacq dhii ripper" enna thante pusthakatthil, ezhuthukaaranaaya peettar turgud, anweshanathinidayil vaarane vimarsichathaayi soochippikkunnu. kolayaliye kandethunnathil parajayappettathinum, vivarangalkk prathiphalam nalkunnathil parajayappettathinum (aaa padhathi yadhaarthathil hoome oafees nirasichuvenkilum), aparyapthamaaya ennam anweshana udyogasthare niyogichathinum (vyakthamaayi asathyamaan), dittakteevukalkk pakaram unifom dharicha constablemaare anukoolichathinum (orupakshe asathyamaayirikkam) addehathe kuttappedutthi. ithinu marupadiyaayi, vaaran thante kaazhchappaadukalum "mureyude maasikayude" vasthuthakalum vishadeekarikkunna oru lekhanam ezhuthi; ripper kandethunnathile jagrata pravartthanatthe addeham anukoolichathaayum lekhanam soochippichu. police vakuppinte pravartthanangal velippeduthiyathinum anumathiyillathe oru lekhanam ezhuthiyathinum hoome oafees addehathe vimarshichu.
2015ll, broose robinson ezhuthiya ripper kesinekkurichulla oru pusthakam vaarane oru "moshamaaya police" ennu visheshippikkukayum oru "valia sthaapanam marachuvekkalum" oru kallu goodaalochanayum ulppettittundennu nirddeshikkukayum cheythu. mikka charitrakaaranmaarum ripparine pidikoodunnathil poleesinte paraajayatthe kazhivillaymayakkunnu" ennu "guardian" athinte pusthaka avalokanathil prasthaavichu, ennaal eee pashchaathalatthil vaarante peru prathyekamaayi paranjilla.
oduvil vaaranu vendathra vimarsanangal neridukayum raajivaykkukayum cheythu-1888 november 9 nuu merii jaine kelliyude kolapaathakathinu thottumunbu, aakasmikamaayi addeham thante sainika jeevithathilekku madangiyethi. senayile mikkavarum ellah sooprandukalum addehathinte rajikk khedam prakadippikkaan addehathe veettil sandarshichu. pankeduttha oraal vaarante chinthaasheshikkum thante aajnjayilulla aalukale paripalikkunnathinum addehathe prashamsichu. addeham sainika chumathalakalilekku madangi.
1888 januvari 7 nuu addeham oordar oof dhaa baath (keey. sii. bii) yude naitt kamaandaraayi niyamithanaayi.
pinneedu sainikajeevitavum boyer yudhavum.
1889ll singappoorile gaarisanin neethrthwam nalkaan vaarane ayakkukayum 1893ll mejar general padaviyilekku sthaanakkayattam nalkukayum 1895 vare singappooril thudarukayum englandilekku madangiyethiya sesham 1895 muthal 1898 vare addeham toms jillayude thalavanayi, 1897ll lefttanant generalayi sthaanakkayattam nedukayum reserve listtilekku maattappedukayum cheythu.
royal enchineeyar yaachu club.
saapparin aavashyamaaya niravadhi kazhivukalil onnaaya watermanship 1812-ll school oof milittari enchineeyaringil oru sailing club roopeekarikkunnathilekkum pinneedu cutter roying teamukalude vikasanathilekkum nayichu. 1824ll tamas, medway nadikale bandhippikkunna oru kanaalinte nirmmaanam rajakeeya enchineeyarmaarkku eee kazhivukal pariseelikkaan oru ulnaadan jalapatha nalki, rajakeeya enchineeyarmaarude corpsil ninnu edukkunna kanaalinte utharavaadithamulla udyogasthan. 1899-ll thames, medway kanal commanding general officer enna nilayil, general sarr chaals vaaran royal nevikkethire medway nadiyil oru chaambyanshippu cutter resinaayi oru chalanchu sheeled avatharippichu. antarvaahini khanana skoolile amgangalil ninnaan sapper teamukale varachathu, ennaal 1905 ll sevanam pirichuvittappol, cutter royinginte paarambaryam feeld varkk schwadukal thudarnnu. royal nevi sailing asosiyeshanethire ellah varshavum raike innum malsarikkunnu. 1846ll club vikasikkukayum royal enchineeyar yaachu klabbai maarukayum cheythu, ithu yunaittad kingdatthile ettavum muthirnna yaachu klabbukalilonnaayi maari. lokamembaadumulla malsarangalil corpsinu vendi malsarikkunna moonnu club yattukal pravarthippichukondu raike innum thudarunnu. britiish sainyathile ettavum pazhaya sports klabbukalilonnaanu eee club.
randaam bower yuddham.
1899ll boyer yuddham pottippurappettappol addeham dakshinaafrikkan feeld fozhsinte anchaam divisione nayikkaan ramgangalilekku madangi. vaaranu adikaaram nalkaanulla theerumaanam athishayakaramayirunnu. appozhekkum, vaaranu 59 vayassayirunnu, "viyojaneeyamaaya manobhaavam" ullavanaayirunnu, yudhathil sainyathe nayicha sameepakaala parichayam kuravaayirunnu, koodaathe thante meludhyogasthanaaya general sarr redvezhs bullarumaayi poruthappettilla.
1900 januvariyil, tugela nadikku mukaliloode padinjaaru vashathulla chalanamaya ladysmithinte randaamathe durithaashwaasa shramathil vaaran parajayappettu. 1900 januvari 1 nuu nadanna spiyon coop yudhathil addehathinu ooppareshan command undaayirunnu, koodaathe addehathinte unnatha sakthikal undaayirunnittum vidhinirnnayathilum kaalathaamasatthilum theerumaanamedukkaathathilum addehathinte parajayangal duranthatthil kalaashichu. sainyathinte kaalakalumayulla vaarante nischayadaartyavum collensoyude thacol hlangwane kunnaanu enna addehathinte kazhchappadum farwell eduthukaanichu. boyer yudhathile britiish generalukalil "orupakshe ettavum moshakkaran theerchayaayum ettavum" viddithamullavanum "aayirunnu vaaran ennu farwell abhiprayappettu. oru valia avasaram" nashtappedunnathinu utharavaadiyaaya "oru duffer" ennaanu redvezhs bullar bhaaryaykk ezhuthiya kathil addehathe visheshippichathu.
1900 augustil vaarane brittanilekku thirichuvilichu, pinneedu orikkalum sainyathe feeldil command cheythilla. ennirunnaalum, 1901 novemberil onnaam gloucestershire royal enchineeyarmaarude (sannadhapravarthakar) oonarari kenalaayi niyamithanaaya addeham 1904ll generalayi sthaanakkayattam nedukayum 1905ll royal enchineeyarmaarude kenal kamaandaraayi maarukayum cheythu. dakshinaafrikkan ezhuthukaaranaaya ooven coatser ezhuthiya oru pusthakam addehathinte boyer yudhapravarthanangalkk "cheria reethiyil addehathe nyaayeekarikkan" shramichu.
viramikkal varshangal.
1908 muthal, booy scout prasthaanatthinte srishtiyil vaaran badden-pawal enna samghadanayumaayi edapettu. sarr chaals vaarante swantham scouts ennu vilikkappettirunna, charchu lads brigade, phastt lams scout group ennee mattoru groupilum addeham ulppettirunnu. 
addeham munbu baibil puraavasthushaasthrathekku, prathyekichu jarusaleminekkurichu niravadhi pusthakangal ezhuthiyittundu, koodaathe "ezhupathukalil veldil", "purathana muzhavum nammude bharavum alavukalum" ennivayum ezhuthiyittundu. influvensa baadhichu pneumonia baadhichu somersettile vesttan-suuppar-meyarile veettil vachu addeham marichu, kaantarbariyil sainika shavasamskaram nadatthi, kentile westberile pallithottatthil bhaaryayude arikil samskarichu.
saangalppika chithreekaranangal.
1973-leeii miinii seereesaaya "jacq dhii ripparil" tulsi henson vaaran enna kathaapaathrathe avatharippichu. 1979-ll purathirangiya "kola bye dikri" enna chithratthil aanthani kweyle addehamaayi abhinayichu, athil sherlock holminteyum doctor whatsoninteyum kathaapaathrangal oru reper kesinte naadakeeyavalkkaranathil avatharippikkunnu. 1988ll televisionu vendi nirmmicha miinii seereesaaya jacq dhii ripparil, "dikri vazhi kolapathakam" enna athe goodaalochana sidhaantham pinthudarnna addehathe hyoog fraser avatharippichu. raajakudumbathe azhimathiyil ninnu samrakshikkunnathinaayi anweshanathekkurichulla thante kandethalukal adichamarthaan leed detective fred aberline utharavidunna kammeeshanar enna nilayil addehathinte avasana pravrithi miinii seerees kaanikkunnu. 2001ll purathirangiya 'phram hell' enna chithratthil iyaan richaardson addehamaayi abhinayichu.

