
russiayil soviyatt shakti sthaapikkal (1917-1918)

1917 october 25 nuu petrogradil adikaaram pidichedutthathinetthudar kendrashakthikalude sainyam kaivashappedutthiya pradeshangal ozhike, muun russian saamraajyathinte pradeshathudaneelam soviyatt adikaaram sthaapikkunna prakriyayayirunnu russiayil soviyatt shakti sthaapikkal (soviyatt charithralekhanathil, "soviyatt shakthiyude vijayakaramaya ghoshayaathra"), 1918 februvari 18 nuu jarmman aakramanathinte thudakkathode poortthiyaayi.
avalokanam.
1917 november muthal 1918 februvari vareyulla kaalayalav bolshevikkukalude shakti sthaapikkunnathinum avarude athiraalikalude sayudha prathirodham illaathaakkunnathinum (petrogradinu sameepam, mosco, ukraine, doonn, kuban muthalaayava) aapekshika vegathayum eluppavum kondu verthirichirikkunnu.). bolshevikkukalkkidayil vishalamaaya saamoohika pinthunayude saannidyamaanu eee kaalaghattatthinte savisheshatha avar bhoovudamayude udamasthaavakaasham nirnnaayakamaayi illaathaakki, karshakarkk bhoomi kaimari, russia yudhathil ninnu pinvalikkaan thudangi, vyavasaayathil thozhilaallikalude niyanthranam earppeduthi, muun saamraajyathile janangalude avakasham amgeekarichu. eee vann pinthuna bolshevikkukalude sayudha senayude (redu gaard, viplava chinthagathikkaaraaya naavikar, pazhaya sainyathile sainikar ennivarude vibhagangal) samkhyaaparavum samghadanaaparavumaaya balaheenathaykku nashtapariharam nalki.
athesamayam, adhikaarathinte avayavangal enna nilayil soviyattukal ellaayppozhum bolshevikkukal adikaaram pidichedukkunnathine pinthunachilla. russian soshyal demookratik laber party (bolshevikkukal) svechaadhipathyathinte avayavangalayi marran vyakthigatha kaunsilukal sammathikkaatha sandarbhangalil, bolshevikkukal avare pirichuvidaan madikkukayum asaadhaaranamaaya sthaapanangal upayogichu maattisthaapikkukayum cheythu-viplava samithikal, sainika viplava samithikal muthalaayava. swantham party svechaadhipathyam sthaapikkuka ennathaayirunnu avarude lakshyamennum "soviyatt shakti" yude roopathilulla athinte vyakthamaaya roopam athra pradhanamallennum ithu kaanikkunnu.
oktobarinu sheshamulla aadya maasangalil bolshevik virudha shakthikalkk (sannadha udyogasthar, pinn yoonittukalude kosaakkukal, kedattukal) kaaryamaaya saamoohika pinthuna undaayirunnilla, athinaal munnilum cosac pradeshangalilum prathirodham samghadippikkaanulla avarude sramangal thaarathamyena durbalamaayirunnu. yuddham maduthu, yuddham avasaanippicha bolshevikkukalumaayi poraadaan kosaakkukal aagrahikkaathathinaal doonn athamaan alexey caledine bolshevik bharanakoodatthinethire poraadaan munnira kosaakkukale unarthunnathil parajayappettu. ithe kaaranathaal, janaralmaraya mikhaayel alexive, laver kornilov ennivarkku donil sannadhapravarthakarude oru valia sainyam roopeekarikkaan kazhinjilla.
soviyatt shakthiyude ippozhum durbalamaaya shareerangalude mosham pravartthanavum redu gaard dittaachmentukaludeyum redu aarmiyude unitukaludeyum kuranja poratta falapraptiyum kaaranam prathirodhatthinteyum bolshevik virudha sayudha samvidaanangaludeyum aadya kendrangal illaathaakkal poorthiyaayittilla. volga mekhalayile nagarangalilum cyberiayilum mattu pradeshangalilum bhoogarbha udyogastharude samghadanakal vardhichu. sannadhasenaykku athijeevikkaan kazhinju, pradhana officer kedarukale nilanirtthi. eee kaalayalavil, bhaaviyile velutha sarkkaarukaludeyum avarude sainyangaludeyum prathyayashaasthraparavum samghadanaaparavum udyogasthavum bhouthikavumaaya adithara pakia orutharam andhamaya pakshapathaparamaaya kaalaghattamaanu velutha prasthaanam anubhavichathu.
soviyatt shakti sthaapikkal. bolshevik virudha shakthikalude samghadanayude thudakkam.
soshyalist viplavam nadatthaanum russian saamraajyathile pala pradeshangalilum nagarangalilum adikaaram pidichedukkaan bolshevikkukale anuvadicha pradhana saahacharyangalilonn, russiayile valia nagarangalil niravadhi reserve battaaliyanukalude saannidhyamaayirunnu. jarmmaniyumaayulla yuddham udan avasaanippikkumenna vaagdaanamaanu kerensky kaalaghattatthil kshayicha russian sainyathe bolshevikkukalude pakshatthekku maattunnath, ithu avarude thudarnnulla vijayam urappakki. thudakkathil, raajyathe mikka pradeshangalilum, bolshevik shakti sthaapikkal vegathilum samadhaanaparamaayum munnott pooyi 84 pravishya, mattu valia nagarangalil, pathinanju soviyatt sakthikal maathramaan sayudha pooraattatthinte falamaayi sthaapithamaayathu. 1917 october muthal 1918 februvari vareyulla kaalaghattatthile "soviyatt shakthiyude vijayakaramaya munnettathekkurichu" samsarikkaan ithu bolshevikkukalkku oru kaaranam nalki.
petrograadile kalaapathinte vijayam russiayile ellah pradhana nagarangalilum soviyatt yooniyante kaikalilekku adikaaram kaimaarunnathinte thudakkamaayi adayaalappeduthi. prathyekichu, petrogradil ninnulla redu gaardukalude varavinushesham maathramaan moscoyil soviyatt shakti sthaapikkappettathu. russiayude madhya pradeshangalil (ivanovo-wosnessensk, orekhovo-suvo, shuya, kineshma, costroma, twer, bryansk, yaroslav, ryasan, vladymyr, kovrov, colomna, serpukhovu, podolsk thudangiyava), october soshyalist viplavathinu munbuthanne niravadhi praadeshika soviyattukal bolshevikkukalude adhikaarathilaayirunnu, athinaal avar avide valare eluppathil adikaaram pidichedutthu. soviyattukalile bolshevikkukalude swaadheenam cheruthaayirunna thula, kaluga, nisni novgorod ennividangalil eee prakriya kooduthal sankeernamaayirunnu. ennirunnaalum, sayudha ditaachmentukal pradhana sthaanangal kaivashappedutthiya bolshevikkukal soviyattukalude "veendum thiranjeduppu" nedukayum adikaaram swantham kaikalilekku edukkukayum cheythu.
volga mekhalayile vyaavasaayika nagarangalil, petrogradinum moscoic thottupinnaale bolshevikkukal adikaaram pidichedutthu. soshyalist paarttikalum taattar desheeyavaadikalum chernnu oru koottaaymayaayi sainika jillayude command kasaanil bolshevised peeranki reserve brigade niraayudheekarikkaan shramichuvenkilum redu gaardukal steshan, poost oafees, telephone, telegraph, baank enniva kaivashappedutthi, cremlin valanju, jilla sainikarude commandere thaalkkaalika sarkkaarinte commissionereyum arast cheythu, november 8 nuu nagaram bolshevikkukalude kaivashappedutthi. 1917 november muthal 1918 januvari vare bolshevikkukal cassan govarnarettile pravishya pattanangalil thangalude adikaaram sthaapichu. samarayil, valerian kuyibishevinte neethrthwathil bolshevikkukal november 8nuu adikaaram etteduthu. soshyalist viplavakariyaaya menshevik "salvation kammitti" yudeyum kedatt dumayudeyum cheruthunilppine marikadannu november 1nuu bolshevikkukal saradovil vijayichu. november 10 muthal 17 vare avar adhikaarathinaayi poraadi. 1918 februvari 7 vare aastraakhaanil poraattam thudarnnu. appozhekkum volga mekhalayiludaneelam bolshevikkukalude shakti sthaapithamaayi.
1917 november 7-8 theeyathikalil bolshevikkukal narva, rival, urieve, paarnu ennividangalilum thudarnnulla divasangalilum-jarmmankaar kaivashappeduthaatha baltic pradeshangaliludaneelam-adikaaram pidichedutthu. novemberil latviayile (latvian rifleman) thozhilaallikal, sainikar, bhoorahitharaaya prathinidhikal ennivarude kaunsilinte executive kammittiyude pleanum 21-22 peeples kammeeshanarmaarude kaunsilinte adikaaram amgeekarichu. desemberil valmiyayil nadanna thozhilaallikal, rifleman, bhoorahitha prathinidhikal (bolshevikkukalum idathupaksha saamoohika viplavakaarikalum ulppetta) kongras frisis rosinte neethrthwathil laatviyayile bolshevik anukoola sarkkar roopeekarichu.
1917 novemberil padinjaaran oblaasttile thozhilaallikaludeyum sainikarudeyum prathinidhikalude soviyatt konfaransukal, minsk, vilna pravishyakalile karshakarude prathinidhikalude moonnaamathe konfarans, padinjaaran munnaniyude sainyangalude randaamathe kongras enniva minskill nadannu, padinjaaran mekhalayileyum munnaniyileyum thozhilaallikaludeyum sainikarudeyum karshakarudeyum prathinidhikalude soviyatt executive kammitti, padinjaaran mekhalayude peeples kammeeshanarmaarude kaunsil enniva roopeekarichu. padinjaaran mekhalayile thozhilaallikaludeyum sainikarudeyum karshakarudeyum prathinidhikaludeyum soviyatt executive kammittiyude adhikaarathe belarasian raada amgeekarichilla, ithu oru munnira samghadanayaayi maathram kanakkakkunnu. mahanaaya belarasian raada vilicha aadyathe samboornna belarasian kongras bolshevikkukal chitharichu. 1918 januvari-februvariyil, general dovboar-musnitskyude poolish corpsinte bolshevik virudha prakshobham adichamarthappedukayum belaarasile valia nagarangalile adikaaram bolshevikkukalkku kaimarukayum cheythu.
ukrainil poornna adikaaram nedunnathinaayi ukrainile central raada thaalkkaalika gavanmentinte pathanam muthaledutthu. parajayappetta bolshevik kalaapathinum thaalkkaalika sarkkarinodu vishwastharaaya sainikarude keevil ninnu pinmariyathinum sesham, november 20 nuu central raada ettu pravishyakalude pradeshathu ukraine peeples republicayi prakhyaapichu keevu, volin, podolsk, kerson, chernigov, poltava, khaarkov, yekaterinoslavu, vadakkan tavria jillakal. russiayile october soshyalist viplavathinte phalangal amgeekarichillennu mathramalla, ukraine pravisyakalil petrograd kalapangal aavarthikkaathirikkaan sramikkukayum cheythu. central raada peeples kammeeshanarmaarude petrograd sovietinode poornnamaaya anusaranakkedu prakhyapikkukayum svayambharana republicukalude federationaayi oru puthiya russiayude srishtiyude kendramaakki keevine maattaan sramikkukayum cheythu. doonn aathidheyanaaya kalidinte aathmaanumaayi sakhyamundaakkaan raada sammathichu.
petrograadile vijayakaramaya bolshevik kalaapathekkurichulla vaarthakal labhichathode, akkaalat pala soviyattukalilum bhooripakshamundaayirunna lugansk mekhalayile bolshevikkukal, deseeya janaadhipathya shakthikaludeyum mitavaada soshyalistukaludeyum ethirppu undaayirunnittum samadhaanaparamaaya maargangaliloode praadeshikamaayi adikaaram soviyattukalkk kaimarunnathaayi prakhyaapichu. lugansk, makevka, gorlovka, kramaattorsk, mattu nagarangal ennividangalil donbaasile bolshevikkukal adikaaram pidichedutthu. donbaasukalil, redu gaard yoonittukalude roopeekaranam aarambhichu.
rostov-oonn-donil, november 8 nuu soviyatt adikaaram prakhyapikkappettu. athe divasam thanne novochercaskile sainika athamaan alexey caledine doonn sainyathinte oblaastil ayodhana niyamam avatharippichu. sainika (kosak) sarkkar oblaasttile muzhuvan samsthaana adikaaravum etteduthu. november 15 nuu, novocherkaskil ethiya general alexive, bolshevikkukalodu pooraadunnathinum oru baahya shathruvumaayi (kendra sakthikal) yuddham thudarunnathinum sannadhasenayude roopeekaranathinte thudakkam prakhyaapichu. november 20 nuu, sainika sarkkar bolshevik sarkkaarine amgeekarikkunnillennum athinaal niyamaanusrithamaaya russian sarkkar roopeekarikkunnathuvare oblaast swathanthramaayi prakhyaapikkappettuvennum aathaman kalidin prakhyaapichu. desember 15nuu, kadutha yudhangalkku sesham, sannadhasamghadanakalum general caledinte sainyavum bolshevikkukale rostovil ninnum pinneedu tagaanrogil ninnum puratthaakkukayum donbaasinethire akramanam aarambikkukayum cheythu.
athesamayam, soviyatt sainyathe ukraine pradeshathiloode kadannupokaan anuvadikkanamenna soviyatt russian sarkkaarinte aavasyam thripthippeduthaan kendra raada visammathichu, athamaan kalidinethire donilake neengi. desember 9 nuu, peeples kammeeshanarmaarude kaunsil muzhuvan janangalodum "central raadayude pinthunayulla kalidin, kornilov, dutov ennivayude viplava virudha prakshobhathinethiraaya pooraattatthil" oru abhyarthana purappeduvichu. rostovil soviyatt sakthiye pinthunaykkunnavarude parajayam dunnetsk thadatthinte aazhathilekkum kooduthal vadakkottum calidine senayude kooduthal munnettatthinu vazhiyorukkiyennu soviyatt neethrthwathinu vyakthamaayirunnu. madhya raada ukreniyan ennu prakhyaapicha pradeshangal upayogikkukayum athil kaalukuthukayum cheythukondu maathrame avare thadayaan kazhiyoo.
desember 19nuu peeples kammeeshanarmaarude kaunsil athirviplavathinethire pooraadunnathinaayi thekkan viplava munnaniye roopeekarichu. vladymyr antonov-ovsengoye frontinte commander-inn-cheefaayi niyamichu.
desember 21 muthal, antonov-ovsenkoyude general commandinu keezhilulla soviyatt sainyam thekkan russiayude dishayilulla oru pradhana railway jangshanaaya khaarkkovil ethaan thudangi. soviyatt sainyathinte varavode, keevile soviyatt kongras (bolshevikkukal, ukreniyan idathu soshyalist viplavakaarikaludeyum niravadhi ukreniyan soshyal demokraattukaludeyum bhagam) vitta oru koottam prathinidhikal khaarkivilethi, avarodoppam donbaasukaludeyum krivai rihinteyum soviyatt yooniyante moonnaamathe praadeshika kongras prathinidhikalum chernnu. desemberil, keevinu pakaramaayi, soviyattukalude aadyathe ool-ukreniyan kongras, khaarkkovil nadannu, athil ukreniyan peeples republic oof soviyats prakhyapikkappettu. 1918 januvari 1 nuu peeples kammeeshanarmaarude kaunsil ukraininte eaka niyamaanusritha sarkkaraayi ukraine peeples republic oof soviyatsinte peeples sekratteriyattine amgeekarichu.
athesamayam, ukrainil nilayurappichirikkunna sainikarude command antonov-ovsengo thante cheef oof staaf muraaviyovinu kaimarukayum doonn kosak sainikarkkethiraaya poraattatthinu addeham thanne neethrthwam nalkukayum cheythu. kosaakkukalil ganyamaaya oru bhagam kaaledine pinthunaykkukayum nishpakshatha pulartthukayum cheythu. rund maasathe raktharookshithamaaya yudhangalude falamaayi, 1918 februvari 10 nuu soviyatt sainyavum redu gaardinte yoonittukalum taganrog pidichadakki, februvari 23 nuu rostovum februvari 25 nuu novochercask pidichedutthu. udyogasthar, kedattukal, haiskool vidyaarthikal ennivaradangiya sannadhasenayude cheria vibhaagangalkk chuvanna sainyathinte munnettam thadayaan kazhinjilla, februvari 10 nuu general kornilov sannadhapravarthakar kubanilekku pookukayaanennu caledine ariyichu. munnira kosaakkukalude pinthuna nashtappedukayum bolshevik ditaachmentukal thadayaanulla avasaram kaanathirikkukayum cheytha kalidin februvari 11 nuu sainika medhavi sthaanam raajivachu athe divasam thanne svayam vedivachu. velutha cosac sainyathinte avashishtangal salsk steppikalilekku pinwangi. sannadhasena (4-5 ayiram aalukal) kuban kosaakkukalude pinthuna labikkumenna pratheekshayil kuban (aadyathe kuban kaambeyn) lekkulla yudhangalumaayi oru pinvaangal aarambhichu, ennirunnaalum, eee kanakkukoottalukal nyaayeekarikkappettil doonn kosaakkukaleppole kuban kosaakkukal puthiya sarkkaarinethire poraadaan aagrahichilla. praadeshika karshaka janathayudeyum munnirayil ninnu madangiyethiya pazhaya sainyathinte viplava chinthagathikkaaraaya unitukaludeyum prathikoola anthareekshathilaayirunna sannadhapravarthakarkk athijeevanathinaayi kubanil kanatha garilla yuddham nadathendivannu.
khaarkov pravisyayil soviyatt sainyathinte saannidhyavum donbaasilum donilum shathruthaykkulla thayyaareduppukalum ukrainil central radayodu sathruthayulla sainyathe sajeevamakkaan kaaranamaayi. 1918 januvari 8nuu yekaterinoslavil soviyatt shakti sthaapithamaayi. januvari 8-9 nuu antonov-ovsenkoyude sainyam ettavum valia vyavasaya kendrangalaaya lugansk, mariopol enniva pidichedutthu. januvari 10 nuu ratri, khaarkkovil, praadeshika redu gaard formationukal ukraine peeples republicinte rund rejimentukale niraayudheekarichu. januvari 15 aayappozhekkum, alexandrovsk adhinivesham cheyyappettu, ithu krimiyayumaayi sanbarkkam sthaapikkaan saadhyamaakki. januvari 18nuu odesayil soviyatt shakti sthaapithamaayi.
khaarkkovil soviyatt adhikaarathinte prakhyapanavum kizhakkan, thekkan ukrainile niravadhi vyaavasaayika kendrangalile bolshevikkukal adhinivesavum, athesamayam keevile central raada nilanirthukayum, athu ukraininte swaathanthryam prakhyapikkukayum cheythathode, anivaryamaayum bolshevikkukalum central radayum thammilulla adhikaarathinaayulla poraattam oru theevra ghattathilekku parivartthanam cheiyunnathilekku nayichu. januvari 17nuu ukrainile soviyatt sarkkar central raadaykkethire audyogikamaayi yuddham prakhyaapichu. januvari 18 nuu, antonov-ovsengo central raadaykkethire soviyatt sainyathinte pothu aakramanathekkurichu oru nirddesham purappeduvichu. keevilekkulla kooduthal neekkathinidayil khaarkkovil ninnu poltavayilekku pradhana praharam nalki. ooppareshante general maanejment thekkan senayude cheef oof staaf mikhaayil muraviyovine ealppichu.
januvari 22 nuu, soviyatt sainyathinte thurannuparayunna aakramanathinte pashchaathalatthil, malaysian raada ukraine peeples republicinte swaathanthryam prakhyaapichu, ukraine peeples republicinte puthiya sarkkarinodu-peeples ministermaarude kaunsil-austro-jerman blokkile samsthaanangalumaayi swatantra samadhana charchakal aarambikkaan nirddeshichu.
februvari 8nuu keevu chuvanna sainyam pidichedutthu. muraviyov nagaratthil oru "redu terror" samghadippichu-nagaratthil thante sainyam thaamasicha niravadhi divasangalil, kuranjathu randaayiram aalukalkk vediyettu, avaril bhooribhaagavum russian udyogastharaanu. ukraine soviyatt gavanmentinte khaarkkovil ninnu keevilekkulla neekkathode muraaviyovinte neethrthwathil sainyathe odesayilekku ayachu. ithinidayil, keevil ninnu palayanam cheytha central radayil ninnulla oru sarkkar prathinidhi samgham breast-littovskile kendra shakthikalumayi oru prathyeka samadhana udambadiyil oppuvaykkukayum februvari 13 nuu soviyatt sainikarkkethire sahaayathinaayi jarmmaniyilekkum austriya-hangariyilekkum thiriyukayum cheythu. athe divasam thanne jarmman command bolshevikkukalkkethiraaya yudhathil praveshikkaan praadhamika sammatham nalkukayum ukraininethiraaya oru prachaaranatthinu sajeevamaayi thayyaredukkaan thudangukayum cheythu. februvari 18nuu munnirayiludaneelam akramanam vinyasichu.
krimiyayil, 1917 november 26 nuu, bakhchisaaraayile khaan kottaaratthil, crimean peeples republic prakhyapikkappettu, oru director board (directory) niyamichu-noman chelebidsikhaante neethrthwathilulla deseeya sarkkar. sevastopolil 1917 desember 29nuu bolshevikkukal adikaaram etteduthu. 1918 januvariyil crimean taattar formationukalumaayulla sayudha ettumuttalukalkku sesham sympheropolilum 1918 januvariyil krimiyayiludaneelam soviyatt shakti sthaapithamaayi.
athamaan philimonovinte neethrthwathil kubanile kosak sarkkar puthiya sarkkaarine amgeekarikkunnillennu prakhyaapichu. march 14nuu ivaan sorokinile chuvanna sainyam yekaatterinodar pidichedutthu. general pokrovsky neethrthwathil kuban raadayude sainyam vadakkott pinwangi, avide avar aduthuvarunna sannadhasenayude sainyavumayi chernnu. epril <aii. dii. 1> nuu general cornelovinte neethrthwathil avarude samyuktha sainyam ekkatterinodar akramikkunnathil parajayappettu. kornilov kollappedukayum addehathinu pakaram vanna general denikin, vaitt gaard sainyathinte avashishtangal doonn mekhalayude thekkan pradeshangalilekku pinvalikkaan nirbandhithanaakukayum cheythu, avide akkaalat soviyatt shakthikkethire oru cosac prakshobham aarambhichu.
yuraalukalile soviyattukalil moonnil rund bhaagavum bolshevikkukalaayirunnu, athinaal yuraalukalile mikka nagarangalilum vyaavasaayika vaasasthalangalilum (yekaattarinbarg, yufa, chelyabinsk, isevsk, mattullava) adikaaram bolshevikkukalkku budhimuttillaathe kaimari. kooduthal budhimuttullathum ennaal samaadhaanaparavumaaya bolshevikkukalkku permil adikaaram pidichedukkaan kazhinju. adhikaarathinaayulla oru daarshtyamulla sayudha poraattam orenberg govarnarettil pottipurappettu, avide november 8 nuu orenberg kosaakkukalude aathmaav, deutov, orenberg cosac sainyathinte pradeshathu bolshevikkukalude shakti amgeekarikkaathathaayi prakhyapikkukayum orenberg, cheliabinsk, verkhneuraalsku ennivayude niyanthranam ettedukkukayum cheythu. 1918 januvari 18nuu maathramaan oorenbargile bolshevikkukaludeyum nagaratthe sameepicha vasily bluecherinteyum chuvanna vibhaagangaludeyum samyuktha pravartthanangalude falamaayi orenberg pidichadakkiyathu. orenberg vidunnathinu munbu dutov thante sainyathe pirichuvittu. chilar yekaattarinbargilekk pooyi. oru puthiya sainyam roopeekaricha orenberg kosaakkukalude randaamathe thalasthaanamaaya verkhnyooraalskilekk niravadhi udyogastharkkoppam dutov thanne pooyi. eee sainyam abhayaarthikalumaayi turgay mekhalayude thalasthaanamaaya turgay pulmedile turgay nagaratthilekku pooyi.
cyberiayil, soviyatt shakti ettavum shakthamayi sthaapikkappettathu cyberian railway, jalapathakal, valia vaasasthalangal ennivayilaanu. 1918 februvari 26nuu soviyatt yooniyante randaam kongrasil 11 bolshevikkukalum 4 lephtt srs cyberian central executive kammittiyum adangunna cyberian kaunsil oof peeples kammeeshanarmaare thiranjedutthu. soviyatt adhikaarathinte pradhana adithara praadeshika cheria communist dittaachmentukalaayirunu, athe samayam chuvanna sainyam sannadhapravarthanathinte adisthaanathil roopeekarikkappettu. vidoora kizhakk soviyattukalum roopeekarikkappettu, adikaaram thozhilaallikaludeyum karshakarudeyum kosak prathinidhikaludeyum kaunsilinte vidoora kizhakkan praadeshika kammittiyude kaikalilaayirunnu. praadeshika viplava shakthikalkk thaalkkaalika sarkkaarinte sainyavumayi dhaarshtyathode poraattam sahikkendivanna irkutsk ozhike ellaayidathum vedanayillaathe adikaaram pidichedukkal poortthiyaayi 1917 desemberil-1918 januvariyil, irkutskile kedattukalude prakshobhatthe chuvanna sainyam adichamarthi. transbycaliayil, athamaan semionov oru kalapam uyarthiyengilum athu udan thanne adichamarthappettu. aathmaante cosac dittaachmentukalude avashishtangal manchuria steshan pradeshathekku (transbycaliayudeyum chainayudeyum athirthiyilulla) pinwangi.
1917 november 28nuu tifflisil transcocatian commissoriot roopeekarikkappedukayum athu transcocatiayude swaathanthryam prakhyapikkukayum georgian soshyal demokraattukal (menshevikkukal), armeniyan (daashnaakkukal), azarbaijani (musaavaathistukal) desheeyavaadikale onnippikkukayum cheythu. deseeya roopeekaranangaleyum vellakkaar kaavalkkareyum aashrayich, soviyatt adikaaram sthaapithamaaya bakku mekhala ozhike muzhuvan transcoxasilake kammeesharett adikaaram vyapippichu. soviyatt russiaykkum bolshevik partic ethire, transcocatian commissionariat thuranna shathruthaaparamaaya nilapad sweekarichu, vadakkan kokkasasile ellah bolshevik virudha shakthikaleyum-kuban, doonn, terrech, dagestan ennividangalile soviyatt sakthikkum transcockesile athinte pinthunakkaarkkumethiraaya samyuktha pooraattatthil pinthunachu. 1918 februvari 23nuu transcocatian seyim tifflisil yogam chernnu. transcocatiayil ninnu bharanaghadanaa asambliyilekku thiranjedukkappetta prathinidhikalum praadeshika rashtreeya paarttikalude prathinidhikalum eee niyamanirmmaana samithiyil ulppedunnu. epril 22 nuu, transcocasia oru swatantra transcocatian demookratik federative republicayi prakhyaapikkunnathinulla prameyam seemas amgeekarichu.
thurkkisthaanil, mekhalayile madhya nagaratthile-thaashkantil, nagaratthil (athinte europian bhaagath, "puthiya" nagaram ennu vilikkappedunna) nadanna kadutha yudhangalude falamaayi bolshevikkukal adikaaram pidichedutthu, athu niravadhi divasam neenduninnu. bolshevikkukalude vashath railway varkshoppukalile thozhilaallikalude sayudha samghangalum bolshevik virudha senayude vashath russian sainyathile udyogastharum kedatt corpsile vidyaarthikalum thaashkantil sthithicheyyunna school oof ensigns undaayirunnu. 1918 januvariyil samarkandilum chaardshouvilum kenal saitsevinte neethrthwathil bolshevikkukal cosac roopeekaranangalude bolshevik virudha pravartthanangal adichamarthi, februvariyil avar cocand svayambharanaavakaasham illaathaakki, maarchinte thudakkathil-verney nagaratthile semirechi cosac sarkkar. khiva khaanettum bukhaaraa emirettum ozhikeyulla madhyeshyayudeyum kasakkisthaanteyum muzhuvan bhaagavum bolshevikkukalude niyanthranatthilaayi. maarchil thurkkisthaanile viplava sakthikal, yuva bukhaarikkaarumaayi chernnu charithratthil kolesovsky prachaaranamaayi visheshippikkappetta bukhaari ameerine attimarikkaan parajayappetta sramam nadatthi. eprilil turkistan svayambharana soshyalist soviyatt republic prakhyapikkappettu.
bolshevikkukalum sainyavum violile.
1917 november 10nuu peeples kammeeshanarmaarude kaunsil "sainyathinte valippam kramena kuraykkunnathu" sambandhicha oru utharavu amgeekarichu. addehathinte abhipraayathil, 1899leeii karadu sainikare anischithakaala vitharanathil pirichuvittu, pinneedu 1900 desember, 1901 desember avasaanam vare. soviyatt gavanmentinte aadya utharavukal, prathyekichu "karayile utharavu" prakhyaapichathinushesham aarambhicha sainikarude vann anadhikritha purappaadaanu pirichuvidal nadathaanulla thidukkathinu kaaranam. eee kaalayalavil upekshikkunnathu thadayaan aarum undaayirunnilla officer corpsine commandle ninnu vyaapakamaayi neekkam cheythu, bolshevik viplava kammittikalum bolshevik sainikarude kammittikalum adhikaarathinaayi poraadi, oresamayam janaadhipathyavalkkaranam nadathukayum shathruvumaayi praadeshika udambadikal avasanippikkukayum cheythu. 1918 januvari 3 nuu, 1902 nirbandhitha sainikarude pirichuvidal prakhyaapichu, januvari 10-1903, januvari 16-1904-1907, januvari 29-1908-1909, februvari 16-1910-1912, march 2-1913-1915. avasana naalu varshathe nirbandhitha sainikarude (1916-1919) sainikare 1918 epril 12 nuu munbu pirichuvittu.
lefttanant general dukhonin, kerenskyude parakkalin sesham, supreme kamaandaraayi pravarthichu, soviyatt yooniyante randaam kongras thiranjeduttha sarkkaarinte utharavukal palikkaan visammathichu. november 19nuu addeham janaralmaraya cornelovineyum denikkinineyum jayilil ninnu mochippichu.
baltic kappalppadayil, bolshevikkukalude adikaaram avarude niyanthranatthilulla baltic kappalppadayude kendrakammittiyaanu sthaapichathu, kappalppadayude muzhuvan adikaaravum petrograd sainika viplava samithiyude kaivashappedutthi. october avasaanathode-1917 november aadyam, vadakkan munnaniyile ellah sainyangalilum, bolshevikkukal avarkk keezhilulla sainika viplava sainika kammittikal srishtichu, avar sainika yoonittukalude command swantham kaikalilekku pidichedukkaan thudangi. anchaam sainyathinte bolshevik sainika viplava samiti dwinskile sainika aasthaanathinte niyanthranam ettedukkukayum kerensky-krasnov aakramanathe pinthunaykkaan sramikkunna unitukalkku vazhi thadayukayum cheythu. rashyayiludaneelam bolshevikkukalkku adikaaram sthaapikkunnathil pradhana punk vahicha leninte paksham 40,000 latvian riflemanmar etteduthu. november 7 nuu vadakkupadinjaaran mekhalayudeyum vadakkan munnaniyudeyum sainika viplava samiti roopeekarikkukayum athu frond kamaandare neekkam cheyyukayum desember 3 nuu padinjaaran munnaniyude prathinidhikalude oru kongras aarambikkukayum alexander myaasnikkovine frond kamaandaraayi thiranjedukkukayum cheythu.
vadakkan, padinjaaran munnanikalile sainyathile bolshevikkukalude vijayam paramonnatha commander-inn-cheefinte aasthaanam pirichuvidunnathinulla saahacharyangal srishtichu. kaunsil oof peeples kammeeshanarmaar vaarant officer nikkolaay krilengo bolshevikkinte paramonnatha kamaandaraayi niyamichu, november 20 nuu mogilev nagaratthile aasthaanathu redu gaardukaludeyum naavikarudeyum oru vibhagavumaayi ethi, central command aandu kantrol upakaranangalude thalavan, munnile sathrutha avasaanippikkunnathayi prakhyaapichu.
thekkupadinjaaran, roman, kakkeshyan munnanikalil karyangal vyathyasthamaayirunnu.
soviyatt russiayile peeples kammeeshanarmaarude kaunsilinte niyamasadhutha amgeekarikkaan visammathicha ukreniyan central raada, sainyathe vardhippikkunnathinum svanthamaayi sainyam srishtikkunnathinumulla pravartthanangal thwarithappeduthukayum, vadakkan, padinjaaran munnanikalil ninnu ukreniyan unitukal pinvalikkukayum, muun russian sainyathinte thekkupadinjaaran, roman munnanikalil ninnulla sainyathe ekapaksheeyamaayi pinvalikkanulla nadapadikal sweekarikkukayum cheythu-aasthaanathinte niyanthranatthilum avarude ekeekaranathilum-bolshevik virudha chinthagathiyulla kenal-general demetry sherbachevinte neethrthwathilulla ukreniyan peeples republicinte sajeeva sainyathinte oru swatantra ukreniyan munnaniyilekku. desember 9 nuu sherbachev russian-romanian, jarmman-austriyan sainyangal thammil oru vedinirthal karaaril oppuvachu, ithu sainyathile bolshevik swaadheenam adichamarthaan addehathe anuvadichu.
valathu theerathe ukraine pradeshathu, munvashath ninnu purathupokunna randaam gards corpsinte bolshevised unitukale central raadayude vashathekku poya unitukal ethirthu, onnamathaayi, general paaval scoropadsky commandinu keezhilulla aadya ukraine corps. avar junction steshanukal thadayukayum, gaarisanukaleyum sainika thalangaleyum niraayudheekarikkukayum, soviyattukaleyum sainika viplava kammittikaleyum redu gaardinte yoonittukaleyum pirichuvidukayum cheythu.
desember 17 muthal 24 vareyulla kaalayalavil, petliyoorayudeyum ukreniyan frontinte commander general sherbachevinteyum utharavanusarichu, central radayod vishwasthatha pulartthunna sainikar roman, thekkupadinjaaran frondukalude aasthaanam pidichedutthu, sainyangal, rejimentukal vare, sainika viplava kammittikalileyum bolshevik kammeeshanarmaarileyum amgangale arast cheythu, avaril chilarkk vediyettu. ithinethudarnnu bolshevikkukalude swaadheenam shakthamaayirunna yoonittukalile romakkar niraayudeekaranam nadatthi. aayudangalum bhakshanavum illaathe, russian sainikar kadutha manjuveezhchayil russiayilekku kaalnadayaayi pookaan nirbandhitharaayi.
1917 desember 23nuu tifflisil kokkeshyan sainyathinte oru kongras aarambhichu, athu peeples kammeeshanarmaarude kaunsiline amgeekarikkukayum pinthunaykkukayum transcocatian kammeeshanariyattinte pravartthanangale apalapikkukayum cheiyunna oru prameyam amgeekarichu. kongras kokkeshyan sainyathinte praadeshika soviyattine (chairman-bolshevik grigori korganov) thiranjedutthu.
1917 desember 31-leeii kakkeshyan sainyathinte sainika viplava samithiyude utharavanusarichu, ellah sainika viplava kammittikalum munnaniyude yoonittukalum roopeekaranangalum "sainyathinte oru pradhana bhaagathe chittayaya pinvalikkalilekku udan munnott pookaan nirddeshichu, sambharanasaalakal, ashayavinimayangal, gathagatham enniva samrakshikkunnathinu aavashyamaaya sthaanaparamaaya thadassangal avasheshikkunnu". aayudangalum mattu sainika upakaranangalum pidichedukkaan transcocatian kammeeshanarettu sthaapicha praadeshika milishyakal palappozhum sainikarude vibhaagangale aakramichirunnu. mattu munnanikalilethupole, 1918 januvari 2-leeii kokkeshyan sainyathinte sainika viplava samithiyude utharavinu anusrithamaayi kokkeshyasil mikkavarum ellaayidathum vikshepana commissionukal srishtichu. march 7-nuu kokkeshyan sainyathinte sainika viplava samiti kokkeshyan munnaniyil vikshepanathinte poortheekaranathekkurichu oru utharavu prasidheekarichu.

