joseph laankaastar

oru engleesh kwekar pothu vidyaabhyaasa naveenaashayakkaaranumaayirunu joseph laankaastar (25 november 1778-23 october 1838). sambadvyavasthayudeyum falapraapthiyudeyum adisthaanathil addeham praadhamika vidyaabhyaasathinte oru nireekshana samvidaanam vikasippikkukayum pracharippikkukayum cheythu. pathonpathaam noottaandinte aadya dashakangalil valarunna vyaavasaayika kendrangalil sthaapithamaaya puthiya skoolukalil addehathinte ashayangal prayogikkappettu.
aadyakaala jeevitam.
1778 november november southu landanile southvaarkkil oru valia kudumbatthil, oru sinikanum karimbu arippa undaakkiyirunna richard lancasterinteyum kadayudamayaayirunna bhaarya saaraa folkinteyum makanayi addeham janichu. kaumaarapraayatthil jamaikkayile missionary pravarthanangalil addehathinu thaalpparyamundaayirunnu. addeham veettil ninnu oodippooyennum mantri thomas urvikkinte naavika bandhangaliloode thirichethiyathaayum parayappedunnu.
oru adhyaapakanaakuka enna uddeshyathode laankaastar suhruthukkalude samoohathil chernnu.
school maasttar.
1798-ll laankaastar thante pithaavinte pinthunayode oru soujanya praadhamika vidyaalayam sthaapichu. 1801ll addeham boro roadle, southu warkill, monittaring samvidaanathinte oru vakabhedam upayogichu oru soujanya school aarambhichu.
madraasayile andrew bellinte ashayangalkkoppam laankaasttarinte ashayangalum vikasippicheduthu, aaa samvidaanathe "madras vidyaabhyaasa sambradaayam" ennu vilichirunnu. laankaastar nalkia "nyayamaaya prasamsayil ninnu vyathichalikkan" aagrahikkathe, ekadesham naalpat varsham munbu belfast school maasttar david maansan (1718-1792) avaye "pratheekshichirunnu" ennu elisabath haamilttan abhiprayappettu.
prabodhanathinteyum vitharanathinteyum reethi aavarthanaparamaanu. oru vidyaarthi metteeriyal padikkumbol aaa vivarangal adutha vidyaarthikku vijayakaramaayi kaimariyathinu avanu allengil avalkk prathiphalam labikkum. eee reethi ippol saadhaaranayaayi piyar tutoring ennaanu ariyappedunnathu. asisttant adhyaapakarude chelavu ozhivaakkendathinte aavasyakathayaanu monittarukalude upayogam bhaagikamaayi prerippichathu.
1803-ll laankaastar "samoohathile kadinaadhvaanikalaaya vibhaagangale bahumanikkunnathinaal vidyaabhyaasathile mechappeduthalukal" ezhuthi. athu addehathinu nalla pracharam nalki, koodaathe baroo rooad school niravadhi sandarshakare konduvannu.
pinthuna.
baroo rooad school svayam royal free school ennu vilikkukayum 1805-ll lancasterinu jorjju moonnaamanodoppam veimouthil oru sadass nalkukayum cheythu. bedfordile aaraamathe duke joonn rassalinte pinthunayode nirmmicha eee amgeekaarathil kent, straattarn, sussex ennee rund rajakeeya dukeukal ulppedunnu.
laankaasttarinte pinthunakkaare "swaadheenamulla nonconformistukal, utilitarian liberalukal, radicalukal" enningane nirvachichittundu."avayil edward wakefield jaims millum ulppedunnu. thante vidyaabhyaasa pusthakamaaya "chrestomathiya" (1816) ll jeremi bentham nireekshana samvidaanathinte oru pathippine pinthunachu, athinu addeham bell, laankaastar ennee rund creditukalum nalkiyengilum laankaasttarinte vibhageeyamallaatha mathaparamaya nilapaadil ninnu aamglikkanisathinu virudhamaaya mathetharathvathilekku maari.
1808-ll "paavappettavarude vidyaabhyaasathinaayi lancasterian sambradaayam prolsaahippikkunnathi samooham" roopeekarikkappettu. treasurer pravarthicha mattoru kwekaraaya vilyam aalan athile oru pradhana vyakthiyaayirunnu. royal lancasterian sosaitti enna perilaanu ithu ariyapettath. 1848ll ezhuthiya henry dunn parayunnathanusarichu, vilyam korsttan, (bromleyude) joseph phosttar, joseph phoox, joonn jaaksan, thomas starj ennivaraayirunnu prarambha samithiyile mattullavar. eee samgham, oru kolahalavumillathe, laankaastar skoolinaayi 5600 poundu samaaharichu.
laankaastar thanne thante reethikalekkurichu upadesikkaan britiish dveepukalil sanjarichu.
belfaasttil oru school kammittiye abhisambodhana cheythukondu addeham ivaye sambadvyavasthayekkurichu oru chodyamaayi churukkiyathayi thonni. aayirathiladikam kuttikale oru maasttar maathram bharikkukayum prathivarsham anchu shillingukalaayi kuraykkukayum cheiyunna" oru "mechanical vidyaabhyaasa samvidaanathe" laankaastar vivarichu. ennirunnaalum, vidyaarthikal "palliyilo yogathilo chappalilo" pettavaraano ennu orikkalum chodikkaruthennu addeham alsttar pashchaathalatthil nirnayakamaaya oru vyavastha varuthi. 1811-ll addehathinte sandarshanathinu oru varsham munbu, alsttaril addehathinte maathrkayil rund schoolukal ithinakam sthaapikkappettu belfaasttilum lisbanilum.
belfast maasikayude pejukalil eee samvidaanathinte gunangal deerghamaayi charcha cheyyappettu. manushyane oru yanthramaakki maattunnathiloode pothujanagalkk prayojanam labhichittum, vaayanayekkurichulla arivum roopangalum bhaviyil atharam arivu prayogikkaavunna upayogangalum kondu nedunna vyakthiparamaaya aasvaadanam, oru valia thunikkum niravadhi kathrikaykkum niravadhi pinnukalkkum moolyamullathaanennu chinthikkaan namukk kazhiyilla" enna nireekshanathodeyaanu muun yunaittad irishmaanum royal belfast academic sthaapanathinte sthaapakanum edittarumaaya vilyam drennen charchaykku munganana nalkiyathu.
ethirppu.
praadhamika daam schoolukal (saadhaaranayaayi phees adaykkunna), chaarity schoolukal, njaayarazhcha schoolukal (glousestarinu chuttum roobert raikkukal sthaapichava), ivaanchalikkal hannah kooduthal nadathunna mendip hills schoolukal ennivayaayirunnu lancasterian skoolinte englandile sandarbham. njaayarazhcha school, chaarity school jolikalil lunden pradeshathu earppettirikkunna saaraa trimmer, ivaanchalikkal aamgleekkan rakshaakarthaavinte kaaryatthil ashankaakulayaaya addeham, "shree. emm. aarr. prakhyaapicha puthiya vidyaabhyaasa padhathiyude thaarathamya veekshanathil" laankaastar vidyaarthi nireekshanakkaare upayogichathine aakramichu. joseph laankaastar (1805). "1805 octoberil" "britiish vimarshakan" "ezhuthiya oru sabhaamgam ingane abhiprayappettu
nalkunnu [...] oru viyojippukaaran "kristhumathatthinte munnira aniyantrithavumaaya thathwangal" ennu vilikkunna karyangal maathrame "padippikkoo", ellah mathavyavasthakalodum mathangalodum kaanikkunna avaganana, shariyum thettum thammilulla vyathyaasathe aashayakkuzhappathilaakkiya bhayappedendathilla, athu oduvil kristhumathatthe mothatthil nirasikkaan idayaakkiyekkaam?"
prarambha vijayangalkk sesham, lancasterian schoolukal mosham nilavaarathinum kadinamaaya achadakkathinum vimarsikkappettu. laankaastar shaareerika shiksha nirasichuvenkilum moshamaayi perumaarunna kuttikal chaakkukalil kettiyittirikkukayo classroominu mukalil koodukalil uyarthappedukayo cheythekkaam. shaareerika shikshayude athiraaliyaayirunnu roobert southi ennaal laankaastarude rachanakalil pattikappedutthiyirikku naanamketta shikshakalude udaaharanagal nalkia sesham 1812-ll addeham ezhuthi
aaa vadi ethratholam aakshepakaramaanenkilum [...] shree. kumaarinte nukangalum changalakalum kayarukalum changalakalum koodukalum ennivayumaayi thaarathamyappeduthumbol athu vivekavum maanushikavumaya shikshaavidhikalaayi maarunnu. laankaastar.
laankaastarude prarambha rajakeeya amgeekaarathinu sesham, 1810-kalil rajavaazhcha pinmaarukayum englandile sabha athinte sathrutha nilanirthukayum cheythu.
vivaadangalum puratthaakkalukalum.
niravadhi vishayangalil laankaastar samoohavumaayi vazhakkittu. mosham saambathika maanejment undayirunnathinaal kadam kaaranam addeham oru spunching hausil thadavilakkappettu. 1812 muthal kammitti amgamaaya francis plays parayunnathanusarichu, laankaastar niravadhi aankuttikale svakaaryamaayi marddikkunnathaayi avarkk vivaram undaayirunnu. daivavaadavum swavarggalaingikathayum addehathinethire vimarshakar aaropichu. 1814ll addehathe samoohathil ninnu purathaakki.
thomas harod, jaims jorjju penni, joonn picton, joonn veevezhs, joonn thomas crossley enningane oru koottam yuva adhyapakar lancasterian sanbradaayathiloode uyarnnuvannu. baroo roadile lancasterinu pakaram vannath piktanaanu.
engleesh deseeya school sanbradaayathil ninnu vyathyasthamayi sosaitti britiish aandu forin school sosaitti (bfss) ennu svayam punarnaamakaranam cheythu. appozhekkum papparaaya laankaastar puthiya perinodu viyojichu. addeham appozhum yunaittad kingdom sanjarikkukayum prabhashanangal nadathukayum praadeshika samghadanakal srishtikkukayum cheythu.
amerikkayil.
1818-ll mill udama david holtinteyum mattu suhruthukkaludeyum pinthunayode lancasterum kudumbavum amerikkayilekku kappal kayari. addehathinu ganyamaaya american pinthunakkaarundaayirunnu philadelphiyayile roberts vox, roobert raalstan, newyorkkile dvitt klintan. 1806ll landanile patrick colkhoun vazhi laankaastarude srishtikalekkurichu ariyunna thomas ediyude prachodanathode klintan oru lancasterian school sthaapichu. laankaastar parisheelippicha chaals picton enna bii. eph. ezz. ezz. maasttare aduthide newyork schoolilekku eddi niyamichirunnu, lancasterinu thanne oru sthaanavum avasheshichilla.
thante samvidaanam nadappakkaan adhyaapakare parisheelippikkunnathinaayi philadelphiyayil aadyathe maathrukaa school aarambikkaan laankaastar sahayichu. addeham baltimoril oru school aarambhichuvenkilum athu saambathikamaayi laabhakaramalla. 1822ll timoti dwait IV-nte sahaayathode puthiya abhayakendrathil oru lancasterian school sthaapikkukayum american sishyanaaya joonn loval vijayakaramaayi nadathukayum cheythu.
1810ll simoon boleevar baroo rooad school sandarshichirunnu. eee samvidaanam padikkaan thekke amerikkayil ninnu rund yuvaakkale ayachu. 1823-ll, laankaastar baltimore brookil ettumutti, boleevarinte airish sainyathodoppam oru sainikan, granu kolambiyayile boleevarilekku oru kathu eduthu.
1824 meyy maasathil lancasterum kudumbavum laa gwaayrayilethi. makal bettsiyum bharthaavum 1825 februvariyil meksikkoyilekk thamasam maarukayum thirichethaathirikkukayum cheythu. 1825 muthal 1827 vare laankaastar caracasil thaamasikkukayum avide randaam thavana vivaham kazhikkukayum cheythu, vivaahathin boleevar adhyakshatha vahichu.
ennaal, spanish bhaashayude abhavam vidyaabhyaasa pravartthanangale thadassappeduthiyathinaal karaakkasile karyangal lancasterinu moshamaayi. 1825 avasaanathode britiish konsalaayirunna roobert kerr porttarumaayi addeham ettumutti, addeham thanne oru vanchakanaayi kanakkakki. 1825ll joonn disttan polse koottaalikalum konduvanna skottukal toppo thaazhvarayile kudiyettakkaarumaayi laankaastar svayam bandhappettirunnu. vidyaabhyaasa pravartthanangale pinthunaykkunnathinaayi vaagdaanam cheytha thuka nalkaathathil boleevar lancasterum viyojichu.
1827 eprilil laankaastar rahasyamaayi caracas vittu, aadyam sent thomasinteyum sent croixinteyum aduthekku kappal kayari, juunil puthiya abhayakendrathil ethi. bhaarya meriyeyum makkaleyum upekshichu addeham philadelphiayilekku madangi. laankaastarude peru deerghakaalaadisthaanathil nilanirtthiya oru schoolengilum veneswela undaayirunnu.
revu. thaddius oosgud lover kaanadayil laankaastar samvidaanam upayogichu schoolukal sthaapichu, onnu 1814 ll cubeckilum mattonn ontaariyoyile kingstanilum. 1829ll laankaastar avide ethi montriyalil oru school thurannuvenkilum panam nedaanulla addehathinte sramangal paraajayappedukayum addeham amerikkayilekku madangukayum cheythu.
maranavum paarambaryavum.
1838 october october newyork nagaratthil oru theruvu apakadatthil parikkettathine thudarnnu laankaastar marichu.
addehathinte maranasamayathu 1,200 muthal 1,500 vare schoolukal addehathinte thathwangal upayogichathayi parayappedunnu.
pathonpathaam noottaandinte thudakkathil bii. eph. ezz. ezz vyaapakamaayi vijayichu, ennaal ennaal 1820kalilum nireekshana reethikalude janapreeti kurayunnathu athu kooduthal parambaraagatha school samoohamaayi maari. laankaasttarinte prathyekathakalkkanusrithamaayi nirmmicha oru lancasterian school murii maathrame avasheshikkunnulloo. englandile hertfordshire hichinilulla britiish school myoosiyathilaan ithu sthithicheyyunnathu.
kudumbam.
laankaastar vivaahithanaayi
1824 epril 20 nuu bettsi filadelfiyayil richard madox jonsine vivaham kazhichu addeham laankaastarukalodoppam atlaantik kadannu kudumbatthinte bhaagamaayirunnu. kudumbam kaarakkaasilekk maarunnathin thottumumbaanu eee vivaham nadannathu. 1812-ll johns baroo roadle eee samvidaanathil pariseelanam nedukayum pinneedu godalmingil padippikkukayum thudarnnu konvaalile oru kaalayalav padippikkukayum cheythu. 1855ll maranamadanja addeham meksikkoyile oru lancasterian samghaadakanaayi. joseph laankaasttarinte pingaamikal ippozhum meksikkoyil thamasikkunnu ricardo laankaastar-johns vaii veria kaanuka.

