
israel shochat

israel prathirodha senayude rund mungamikalaaya baar-jiorayudeyum hashomerinteyum sthaapakanum pradhana vyakthiyumaayirunnu israel shochat (; 1886-1962).
jeevacharitram.
russia germmaniyum.
1886ll russian saamraajyathinte (innathe bellarus, rusaniyil ninnu eathaanum kilometer padinjaaru) grodno govarnarettile liscovayilaanu israel shochat janichathu. kuttikkaalathu addehathinu hebru, russian bhaashakalkk adthyaapakar undaayirunnu. grodnoyile pooll seoninte sthaapaka amgamaayirunna addeham 1903 ll kishinev vamshahathyaykk sesham oru jootha svayam prathirodha leag sthaapichu. kaarshikashaastram padikkaan addeham jarmmaniyilekku poyenkilum moonnu maasathinu sesham patanam upekshichu palestine pooyi.
palestine.
1904ll israel shochattum sahodaran eliser shochattum ottoman syriayilekku (pinneedu palestine) kudiyeri. pettaa thikwayude vayalukalilum thottangalilum avar vayalukalayi jolie cheythu. vinoryil jolie cheiyunnathinaayi addeham rishan lesianilekku maari. jootha beduin gothravum oru hebru sainyavum srishtikkaan aagrahicha oru jootha darshakanaaya maikkal halperin addehathe valareyadhikam swaadheenichu. rishan lesionilvechu addeham alexander saidine kandumuttukayum addehavumaayi addehathinte samoolamaaya soshyalist ashayangal pankidukayum cheythu. said avare aaveshathode sweekarichu prakhyaapichu, "jeevithathino maranatthino vendi njaan ningalodoppamundu, namukk ippol muthal aarambhikkam!"rishon lesionil, addeham maleriyayude aadya poraattam anubhavichu, athu jeevithakalam muzhuvan addehathe badhikkum.
oru deseeya thozhil shakti srishtikkunnathinulla sramangalil cheraan yeshivot nethaakkale prerippikkunnathinayi israel shochatt jarusalemilekku maari. addehathinte sramangal parajayappettu. svayam thaangaanaayi addeham jaafa gettil shoos thelichu. aasthmayude falamaayi, shaareerika advaanam upekshikkaan addeham nirbandhithanaavukayum israel belkindinte sahayiyaayi jolie cheyyukayum cheythu. palappozhum prathikoolamaaya anthareekshathil oru cheria nyoonapakshathinu engane athinte swathwavum abhimaanavum samrakshikkaan kazhiyum ennathinte udaaharanamaayi palastheenil thamasikkunna syrcassianmaaril addehathinu thaalpparyamundaayi. avar thangalude bhoomi krishi cheyyukayum swantham kaikalaal samrakshikkukayum cheyyuka ennathaayirunnu shochathinte thacol.
shochat oru swaabhaavika goodaalochanakkaaranaayirunnu, 1906 aayappozhekkum addeham 25 oolam anuyayikalumaayi oru bhoogarbha samgham roopeekarichu, kooduthalum lover galeeli aasthaanamaakki. puthiya recruitmentukalkkaayi jaafayile bottukalil ninnu varunna puthumukhangale addeham parishodhikkaarundaayirunnu. 1906 octoberil pooll siyaninte praadeshika shaakhayaaya "israel deshathe jootha saamoohika-janaadhipathya thozhilaalli party" yude sthaapaka sammelanathil pankedukkaan kshanicha 20 kaaranaya david benn gurionine avideyaanu addeham kandathu. jaafa aasthaanamaayulla rostovians enna maarksist group konfaransil pankedutthu, rostovil ninnulla 30 yuvaakkalude oru samgham orotta arab-jootha thozhilaallivarggam srishtikkaan samarppichu. shoshaat thante anuyaayikale upayogichu benn gurionine chairmaanaayi thiranjedutthu, addeham nadapadikal hebruvil nadathanamennu nirbandhichukondu oru mathipp srishtichu. praayogika kaaranangalal charchakal russian, yiddish bhashakalilaayirunnu. taanum benn gurion 10 anga samithiyile amgangalaayathinaal shochattum rahasya baalattil krithrimam nadatthi, avarude prakadanapathrika ezhuthaanulla utharavaaditham avare ealppichu. thudarnnu adutha januvariyil nadanna randaamathe 15 prathinidhikalude yogamaanu "ramleh paripadi" amgeekarichathu. hebru bhashayil, communist maanifestoyumaayi niravadhi samanathakal eee paripaadikkundenkilum athil ulppedunnu "eee raajyathe jootha janathayude rashtreeya swaathanthryam party aagrahikkunnu."ellah party pravartthanangalum ebraiah bhashayil nadathanamennum jootha, arab sambadvyavasthakale verthirikkanamennum athu nirddeshichu. aii.iii. jootha samrambhangal arabikale niyamikkaan paadilla. benn guriyon oru pioneer enna nilayil thante jeevithathilekku madangivarunnathinu munbu shochattum benn gurion kurachukaalam orumichu pravartthikkunnathu thudarnnu. akkaalat addeham shochathinekkaal kuranja theevravaadiyaayirunnu, prathyekichu shochaathinte thokkudhaarikal jarusalemil panam pidichedukkunnuvennu reportukalil addehathinu thripthiyillaayirunnu.
1907 eprilil yitshaakk benn-sviyude varavu ellaam maattimarichu. meyy maasathil oru puthiya sammelanam nadannu, athil benn-swiyum oru rostoviyanum kendra samithiyaayi thiranjedukkappettu; benn gurioninte ellah nayangalum-hiddishine marikadakkuka, jootha, arab sambadvyavasthakale verthirikkuka-asadhuvaakki; shochatineyum benn-swiyeyum aaa varsham hegeyil nadanna loka siyonist kongrasilekku prathinidhikalayi thiranjedutthu. madangiyethiya sesham avar sayudha poraattatthinu prathijnjaabadhamaaya oru rahasya ardhasainika samghadanayaaya baar-jiora sthaapichu. 1907 septambar 27nuu jaafayile benn sviyude muriyil onpathu perude aadya samgham koodikkaazhcha nadatthi. avar rahasyamaayi-maranatthinte vedanayil-prathijnjayedukkukayum avarude nethaavu israel shochattinodu poornnamaaya vishwasthatha prathinjja cheyyukayum cheythu. judia rakthathilum theeyilum veenu, judia rakthathilum theeyilum veendum uyirthezhunnelkkum" ennathaayirunnu avarude mudraavaakyam. sayudha kalaapathin neethrthwam nalkaanum oru jootha raashtram srishtikkaanum kazhiyunna hebru sainika senaye srishtikkuka ennathaayirunnu shochaathinte darshanam. aathyanthika lakshyathilekku kaikaaryam cheyyaan kazhiyunna keezhudyogastharaaya samghadanakal srishtikkuka ennathaayirunnu onpathanga aantharika vritham. rund mekhalakal vikasippikkendathaayirunu nilavilulla vaasasthalangalkkulla suraksha gaardukalum bhoomiyude vishadamaaya sarway nadatthaan edayanmaarum. sainika pariseelanavum krishiyum samyojippichu syrcassian graamangalude maathrkayil avar puthiya athirthi vaasasthalangal sthaapikkum.
1908 meyy maasathil addeham manyaa vilbushyoovichine vivaham kazhikkukayum septambaril avar ippol 20 shaktharaaya addehathinte samghathe sejerayilekku nayikkukayum avide avar pariseelana faaminte nadatthippu ettedukkukayum cheythu. avarude aadya nadapadi syrcassian ratri kaavalkkaarane pirichuvidunna enchineeyaringaayirunnu. ithu krishiyidatheyum moshavin lakshyamit niravadhi maasangal ratri samayat vedivayppinu kaaranamaayi. baar jiora rathrikaala surakshyum karshaka thozhilaallikalkk aayudangalum orukki. adutha venalkkaalath kfar tavor baar jiorayil nadanna oru rahasya yogathil vidoora kolanikalkku suraksha nalkukayenna pradhana lakshyathode giora svayam hashomerayi punarnirmmichu. shochat samboornna nethaavaayi thudarnnu. hashomerinu orikkalum nooril kooduthal amgangal undaayirunnilla. randaamathe aliyayude thakarchayodoppam kooduthal juthanmaar avide athiyappol athinte vikshepanam nadannu. oru swatantra jootha raashtrathilekkulla bhaavi paatha yuva turke viplavathiloodeyaanennum svayambharana samooha padavi vaagdaanam cheyyappedumennum israelum manya istambulilekku thamasam maari, avide shochat niyamam padikkaan sarvakalashaalayil chernnu. 1913leeii balcan yudhathil thanikk ithinakam ambathu sannadhapravarthakarunde avakaashappett oru jootha kuthirappadaye roopeekarikkaanulla vaagdaanam addeham automan neethrthwathe sameepichu. addehathinte padhathikal nadappaakkunnathinu munbu yuddham avasaanichu.
raashtreeyavum joothanmaarude svayam prathirodhavum.
israel giladi, alexander said, mendell porchugali ennivarodoppam, vayalukal samrakshikkaan sahayikkaan addeham chila jootha karshakare bodhyappedutthi. athoru mithamaaya thudakkamaayirunnu.
1907ll netherlandsile heggle nadanna siyonist kongrasil israel poali seonine prathinidheekarichu. palastheenil ninnulla addehathinte party aadya prathinidhiyaayirunnu addeham. thante ashayam sabhayil avatharippikkan addehathinu kazhinjilla, oru swakaarya sambhaashanathil, oru deseeya prathirodham enna lakshyam kaivarikkunnathil vijayikkaan thaan valare cheruppamaanennu menachem ussishkin israelinodu paranju. ukrainil ninnulla prathinidhiyaya yitshaakk benn-swi sweekarikkukayum avar orumichu palastheenil thirichethukayum cheythu.
ardhasainika samghadanakal.
1907-ll yitshaakk benn-sviyude jaafa appaartmentil oru sayudha jootha senaye srishtikkaan shramicha rahasya samghadanayaaya baar-jiora sthaapicha 10 peril oraalaayirunnu israel shochat. aadyathe jootha-roman yudhathile pramukha jootha vimatharil oraalil ninnaan ithinu eee peru labhichathu. sejerayile koottukettinte nethaavum sthaapaka amgavumaaya manya wilbussevics shochattine avidatthe kaarshika vaasasthalathu cheraan bodhyappedutthi. jootha kaavalkkaare parisheelippikkunnathinu aditharayaayi thaan upayogicha samoohathinte randaamathe nethaavaayi addeham maari. 1908 meyy maasathil israelum manya vivahitharaayi. adutha varsham, israelum manyaa shochattum haashomarinte (littu. "kaavalkkaaran"), baar-jiorayekkaal kooduthal abhilaashamulla oru samrambhamaan, paalasteente ellah jootha samoohangalkkum samghadithamaaya prathirodham nalkaanulla aadya sramamaanu ithu.
onnaam lokamahaayudham naadukadatthal.
1914ll automan saamrajyam onnaam lokamahaayudhathil praveshichu. turkey adhikrithar palasteen joothanmaare, prathyekichu russian pouranmaare, shochaattukal pole valia avishwaasathode kandu; hashomer oorganaiseshanaayi aayudangal olippichuvechathayi kandethiyathinethudarnn avare turkeyile anatolian nagaramaya barsayilekku naadukadatthi. taamasiyaathe avarude aadyajaathanaaya gideon ("geda") avarude vivaahathinte aadya varshangalil palastheenil janichappol, avarude makal anna 1916 ll anatoliyayil janichu.
raashtreeyam, varkk bataaliyan, hagana.
1919 leeii pesaha dinathil stockhomil nadanna polay siyoon kanvenshanil pankeduttha sesham shochatt kudumbam paalastheenilekku madangi. iruvarum david benn-gurioninte neethrthwathilulla thozhilaalli partyaya ahadoot havodayil chernnu. thudakkathil israel shochat khafar giladyile bhoomiyil jolie cheythirunnuvenkilum taamasiyaathe prashasthamaaya varkk bataaliyan sthaapikkunnathilum galeeliyude prathirodham samghadippikkunnathilum earppettu. 1920-ll ahdut havoda nilavilulla hashomer milishyakalkk pakaram histadroothinte ardhasainika vibhaagamaayi sthaapithamaaya hagana enna puthiya samghadana sthaapikkaan theerumaanichu. 1921leeii kalaapasamayath tell aveevu, jaafa ennivaye prathirodhikkunnathil israel shochat sajeevamaayi pankedutthu. athe varsham thanne bhaarya histadrattinum swantham munkaiyyilum haganaykkum panam shekharikkunnathinaayi amerikkayilekku pooyi. jootha samoohathinullile rashtreeya ethirppu kaaranam, avarkk aayirakkanakkin dollar maathrame samaharikkaan kazhinjulloo, athu viyannayil kaathirunna israel shochattinu ayachu, avide addeham ippol britiish bharanathilulla paalasteente aayudangal vaangunnathinum kayattumathi cheiyunnathinum melnottam vahichu.
1921-26 varshangalil, israel shochat jootha deseeya kaunsilil undaayirunnu. hapol roopappeduthunnathilum addeham nirnaayaka punk vahichu. 1930kalil, ithihaasavumaayulla neenda samgharshathinu sesham addeham rashtreeya jeevithathil ninnu viramichu.
israel samsthaanam.
maranam.
1962ll israel shochat marikkukayum bhaaryaykkoppam khafar giladiyil samskarikkappedukayum cheythu.
kudumbam.
israelinum maayaykkum oru makan makalum undaayirunnu.

