padhathi-26

pii-26 ennariyappedunna project-26, rajyathinethiraaya oru adhiniveshathe prathirodhikkaan chumathalappedutthiya swittsarlandile oru pinnira sainyamayirunnu. sainika rahasyaanveshana ejansiyil (yuu. enn. eiii) verthiricha rahasya rahasyaanveshana ejansikalaayi pii-26 (pii-27-noppam) 1990 novemberil senattar carlo shmidinte neethrthwathilulla puk emdi paarlamentari kammeeshan velippeduthi. swis prathirodha manthraalayathil roopeekaricha pouranmaarude rahasya fayalukalude saannidhyam anweshikkuka enna prarambha lakshyathode 1990 maarchil federal police 900,000 aalukalude (7 dasalaksham janasamkhyayil) fayalukal sookshichirunnathaayi kandethiya "fitchenafer" allengil rahasya fayalukal sambandhicha azhimathiyude pashchaathalatthilaanu kammeeshan roopeekarichathu.
sheethayudhathiludaneelam itaaliyan paarlamentinodu naattoyude neethrthwathilulla communist virudha ardhasainika shringalayude nilanilpp velippeduthiya pradhaanamantri giulio androtti italiyil samanamaaya velippeduthalukal nadatthi oru maasathinu sesham pii-26-nte nilanilpp velippeduthiyathinaal, pii-26-umm samanamaaya stey-bind oorganaiseshanukalum thammilulla bandhathekkurichu anweshikkaan chumathalappedutthiya oru paarlamentari kammeeshan swittsarland roopeekarichu. beljiathinum italikkum oppam eee sainyangalkk oru paarlamentari kammeeshan roopeekaricha moonnu rajyangalil onnaayirunnu ithu.
1990 november 21 nuu swis adhikaarikal pii-26 pirichuvidunnathaayi prakhyaapichu, kaaranam rahasya sainika sevanangalkkullil olippichirikkunna oru svayambharana gadanayaayathinaal rahasya samghadana paarlamentari, sarkkar niyanthranathinu polum purathaanu pravartthikkunnathu.
randaam lokamahaayudhasamayathe padhathikalkku pinnil nilkkuka.
randaam lokamahaayudhasamayathu oru naasi adhiniveshathinu yunaittad kingdom svayam thayyaaredukkumbol, avar hoome gardle ninnu verittu stey-bind ooksilari unitukal srishtichu. naasi germmaniyudeyo phaasist italiyudeyo adhiniveshathinethire athinte nishpakshatha mathiyaya urappu nalkaathathinaal swittsarland atharamoru saahacharyathin thayyarayirunnu. angane, general henry gaisan deseeya samshayathe sthaapichu, athil sainyam aalpsinte ettavum uyarnna bhaagangalilekku pinvaangukayum samathalangal shathruvin upekshikkukayum cheyyanamennaayirunnu padhathi. avide ninnu akramanakaarikkethire oru garilla yuddham aarambikkum.
praadeshika sevanathil pinnilayirikkuka.
randaam lokamahaayudham avasaanikkukayum sheethayudhathinte audyogika thudakkavum soviyatt yooniyante adhiniveshathinu thayyaredukkaan padhathikal thayyarakkukayum cheythu. carlo shmidinte neethrthwathilulla pukk emdi kammeeshan "territorial dayanst" (territorial sarvees) enna peril swis sainyathinullil aadyathe stey-bind branch srishtichathaayi kandethi. munnirayil poraadaan pariseelanam labhichathallathathinaal sivilian janathaykkidayil aabhyanthara police pravartthanangal nadatthaan pariseelanam labhichathinaal eee sainika shaakha eee dauthyathinu ettavum anuyojyamaanennu kanakkaakkappettirunnu. ennirunnaalum, eee aadyakaala stey-bind oorganaiseshanukalumaayi bandhapetta niravadhi rekhakal nasippikkappettathine pukk emdi kammeeshan nerittu
1950 kalilum 1960 kalilum 1970 kalilum prathirodha samghadanayude mikkavarum ellah rekhakalum 1980-kalode nasippikkappettathinaal charitraparamaaya rekhakal sakalangalaanu.
eee rahasya yoonittinte aadya commander division france veyu (1896-1963) aayirunnu, addehathinte pingamiyaayi burger, aamstuts, dii puri ennivar adhikaaramettu. randaamatheyaalkku brigadier generalayum praadeshika sevanathinte medaaviyaayum sthaanakkayattam labhichu.
1956 desemberil, syoos prathisandhiyeyum budapest kalapatheyum thudarnnu, "aavashyamenkil samboornna janakeeya prathirodham ettedukkunnathinum surakshithamakkunnathinum samghadanayudeyum parisheelanathinteyum mekhalakalil enthu thayyaareduppukal nadathaamennu" ervin jaikkil paarlamentil chodichu."oru varshathinusesham, 1957 septambaril, kaal kobelttinte (iruvarum liberal efdipiyile amgangal) pingamiyaaya prathirodha mantri pooll chaudettu marupadi nalkki" "sainika veekshanakonil ninnu maathram kaanunna hangariyile sambhavangal oru prathirodha prasthaanatthinte maathram poraattam vijayikkillenn theliyichittundu"."eee yuddham raashtreeyavum sainikavumaaya swabhaavamulla prashnangalum anthaaraashtra niyamathinteyum njangal oppuvacha kanvenshanukaludeyum pashchaathalatthil niyamaparamaaya aashankakalum uyarthunnu", addeham koottichertthu."oduvil, klaadett prakhyaapichu" "eee mekhalayile praadeshika sevanam chila nadapadikal vibhavanam cheythittundenkilum, eee mekhalayile saadhyathakal parimithamaanu"."
swis mejar hans voonn datch 1958-ll garilla yudhathekkurichulla "derr total widerstand, clencreagsanliteng phur jedderman" ("total resistans", biyan, 1958) prasidheekarichu, 180 pejukalulla oru pusthakam, oru videsha adhiniveshathodulla nishkriyavum sajeevavumaaya prathirodhathekkurichulla, attimari, rahasyathmakatha, aayudangal illaathaakkaanulla reethikal, police molukalkkethiraaya poraattam muthalaayavayekkurichulla vishadamaaya nirddeshangal ulppede.
1990ll peru velippeduthaatha oru muun cheef oof staaf, annathe cheef oof staaf luis dii montmoliyante neethrthwathilulla swis milittariyile muthirnna udyogasthar, jaikkilinte nirasikkapetta abhyarthanaye stey-bind samghadippikkunnathinulla niyamaparamaaya adisthaanamaayi eduthathaayi swis deputimarode prakhyaapichu.
unayil pinnilayi nilkkuka.
1967ll divijan richard oashnar samvidaanam cheytha sainika rahasyaanveshana ejansiyaaya unayilekku stey-behind army maatti.<bii. aarr.>
moonnu sreniparamaaya thalangal chernna "special sarvees" ennu athu athinte coode namam maatti
puk iii. emm. dii kammeeshan anusaricha
vishwaasayogyaraaya aalukal recruit cheytha vyakthikalkk svayam prathirodha samghadanayil cheraan niravadhi puthiya amgangale recruit cheyyaan kazhiyum; athinaal, samghadanayile amgangalude krithyamaaya ennam ariyilla... avaa paramavadhi 30 muthal 50 vare kendrangalaayi vibhajichirikkunna 1.000 aanennu parayappedunnu.
1973ll swis federal kaunsil raajyathinte deseeya suraksha thanthram roopeekarichu, athil adhinivesha pradeshathe prathirodhatthinte aavasyakatha ulppedunnu. report cheythath
raajyathinte adhinivesham ellah prathirodhavum avasaanichuvennu ardhamaakkendathilla. eee saahacharyathil polum, oru shatru veruppu mathramalla, sajeevamaaya prathirodhavum neridum.
ithu eduthukaanikkukayum cheythu
adhinivesha pradeshangalil garilla yudhavum ahimsaathmaka prathirodhavum anthaaraashtra niyamatthinte paridhikkullil thayyarakkukayum aavashyamenkil athu nadappaakkukayum cheyyum.
samanamaaya reethiyil, hans voonn datch (1958) avatharippicha "derr total widerstand" (motham prathirodham) "theerchayaayum", garilla reethikal (vividha rahasya pravartthanangal ulppedunna) niyamangaleyum achaarangaleyum (1899) 1949 leeii naalu jeneeva kanvenshanukaleyum maanikkuka ennathaayirunnu.
akkaalat kenal heinrich aamstuts stey-bindinu neethrthwam nalki. 1976ll kenal albert baachmaane addehathinu pakaram niyamichu. adutha varsham, hans seen swis sayudha senayude cheef oof staaf aayi, 1979 septambar 5 nuu yunaittad seven swis federal kaunsilarmaarkku unayudeyum stey-bind unitukaludeyum pravarthanangalekkurichu report cheythu. rahasyamaayi nikshepicha oru dasalaksham swis fraankukal prathivarsham chelavaakumenn addeham avare ariyichu. kaunsilarmaar nishabdamaayi kettu, avarude ethirppinte abhavam hans seen ooppareshante avyakthamaaya amgeekaaramaayi vyaakhyaanichu, athil avar vishwasaneeyamaaya nishedhathinulla saadhyatha samrakshichu.
1979 novemberil batchman-skilling bandhatthinidayil special sarvees commander albert batchman sainika neekkangal nireekshikkaan yuna ejantu curt skillingine austriyayilekku ayachappozhaan una kandethiyathu. avidevechu, chaaravrithikku austriyan adhikaarikal addehathe arast cheyyukayum shikshikkukayum cheythu, swittsarlandilekku thirichayaykkappedukayum rahasya vivarangal velippeduthiyathinu veendum shikshikkappedukayum cheythu. yunayekkurich anweshikkaan oru paarlamentari kammeeshan roopeekarikkukayum 1981ll report cheyyukayum cheythu
federationte suraksha nayam anusarichu, oru adhinivesha senaykkethire swittsarlandil sajeevamaaya prathirodhatthinu anukoolamaaya saahacharyangal srishtikkuka ennathaanu prathyeka sevanathinu chumatala.
eee rund sevanangaludeyum aantharika niyanthranam aparyapthamaayirunnu" ennengilum eee dauthyam niyamaanusrithamaanennu report nigamanam cheythu."
pii-26 aayi pinvaanguka.
kenal baachmaante rajikk kaaranamaaya eee sambhavathethudarnnu pii-26 enna coode naamatthil pii-26 enna peril pinbhaagathu thaamasikkunnath punarnirmmichu. prathirodha mantri jorjas-andrey chevallas cheef oof staaf hans senninum una director richard ooshnarinum amgeekaaram nalki. 1979 october muthal ardhasainika samghadanayude thalavanaaya kenal ephram kaattalan batchman pakaram vannu. 1973 juun 27 leeii federal kaunsilinte suraksha, prathirodha aashayathinte 426-aamm khandikaye soochippikkunna coode-namam, "sajeevamaaya prathirodhatthinte" aavasyangal prasthaavichu."(" "mukalil kaanuka" ")".
herbert aalbothinte kolapathakam.
rahasya fayalukalude azhimathi, pii-26 ennivayekkurichulla anweshanathinide, 1976 vare special sarvees (special sarvees) amgamaayirunna herbert alboth 1990 epril 18 nuu berninaduthulla libefeldile thante flaattil vachu vadikkappettu. kurachu samayathinu munbu, march 1 nuu empy kaspar villanu addeham kathezhuthi, thamasam kazhinjappol thanikkariyaavunnathellam velippeduthaan nirddeshichu. vayattil niravadhi kuthukalode" alboth "swantham sainika bionet upayogichu kollappettu" ennu maadyamangal report cheythu, athesamayam "irayude nenjil medical examinermaar feeld penayil ezhuthiya oru koottam kathaapaathrangal kandethi, avaa anweshana udyogasthare kuzhappichu."addehathinte maranam orikkalum pariharikkapettilla, athesamayam muthirnna pii-26 amgangalude phlait chithrangal, parisheelanatheyum kozhsukaleyum kurichulla pazhaya rekhakal, goodaalochana swabhaavathinte vyayaama padhathikal, prathyeka sevanathile muun amgangalude vilasa pattika enniva swis prathinidhikal kandethi."
kornuvinte report.
paarlamentari kammeeshante 1990 novemberile reportinethudarnnu, pii-26 umm mattu gladio stey-bind oorganaiseshanukalum thammilulla bandhathekkurichu kooduthal anweshanam abhyarthichu swis soshyalist party greens. jadji piyari kornuvinethire anweshanathinu kuttam chumatthi, cornoo report ennariyappedunna 100 pejulla report nalki."addeham itaaliyan, beljian mpsukaleyum pii-26 amgangaleyum kandumutty, pakshe lunden prathikarikkaan visammathichu visammathichu asthithvam ippozhum brittan sthireekarichittilla).
kornuvinte report report "raashtreeyamo niyamaparamo aaya niyamasadhutha" illennu prasthavikkukayum britiish rahasya sevanangalumaayulla groupinte sahakaranathe "theevra" mennu visheshippikkukayum cheythu.
swis sarkkaarin ariyaatha britiish udyogasthar poraattam, ashayavinimayam, attimari ennivayil pariseelanam nalkunnathinaayi shringalayil enna samghadanayumaayi karaarukalil oppuvachu. ettavum puthiya karar karar oppuvachathu.. shringalayil cadermar brittanile pariseelana vyaayamangalil pathivayi pankedutthu... britiish upadeshtaakkal-orupakshe saasil ninnullavarayirikkaam-swittsarlandile rahasya pariseelana sthaapanangal sandarshichu.
richard norttan-tailoril ninnulla reportinte vivaranam anusarichu, "guardian" ennathil ninnu, pii-26-nte pravartthanangal, athinte kodukal, groupinte nethaavaaya ephram kaattalante peru enniva britiish intalijansinu ariyaamaayirunnuvenkilum swis sarkkaarine iruttilaakki."
empy joseph laang paarlamentari prameyam pasaki, kornu report poornnavum sensor cheyyaathathumaaya prasidheekaranam abhyarthichenkilum, randaamathethil valia vibhagangal tharamthirickunnu, adutha muppath varshathekku angane thanne thudarum. gladio stey-behind oorganaiseshanukal roopathilulla rahasya samghadanakalaal ekopippikkappedukayum aathyanthikamayi europile naattoyude thalavanaaya sacierinode prathikarikkukayum cheythathinaal, pii-26 umm sacier thammilulla eathu bandhavum swis nishpakshathayude vyakthamaaya lamghanamaayirikkum. athinaal, vishayam vivaadaparavum rahasyathmakavumaayi thudarunnu. pii-26 oru anthaaraashtra shringalayude bhagamalla" enna thalakkettil 17 pejulla oru sangraham 1991 septambar 19 nuu prasidheekarichu.
1991 septambar septambar soshyalist deputy pooll reshstainarude oru chodyathe abhimukheekarichu, kornu report prasidheekarikkaathinu prathirodha mantri kaspar williger prakhyaapichu
videsha rahasya sevanangaleyum prathirodha samghadanakaleyum kurichulla niravadhi vivarangalum avayude gadanakalum shrenikalum bandhangalum kornu reportil adangiyirikkunnu... videsha samsthaanangalude rahasya karyangal velippeduthunnathu federal kaunsilinte joliyallaathathinaal kornuvinte report purathirakkukayum prasidheekarikkukayum cheyyilla.
athinodu soshyalist empy susanne lutenegger-oberholser marupadi nalkki "udaaharanathinu, swis paarlamenteriyanmaarekkaal kooduthal vivarangal videsha rahasya sevanagalkk labhikkukayaanenkil athu khedakaramaanennu kaunsil abhipraayappedunnille?"
pii-26-nte pravartthanangalum anthaaraashtra bandhangal aaropikkappedunnathum.
ennirunnaalum, danielle gancer nadatthiya oru ethu yooniversitti patanam anusarichu, "naattoyude rahasya sainyangalude shringalayil shringalayil nerittu ulppettirunnilla, pakshe sheethayudhasamayathu kendra rahasyaanveshana ejansiyumaayi aduthu pravartthikkukayum italiyile gladio ardhasainika vibhaagangale pariseelippikkukayum cheytha britiish rahasya sevanamaaya emm. aii. 6-maayi adutha bandham pulartthiyirunnu".
herbert aalbothinte aalbothinte kandethalumayi bandhapetta) kolapaathakathekkurichulla paarlamentil oru chodyathinu marupadi nalkave, deseeya kaunsilar remo gissin swis stey-bind, stey-bind, naatto enniva thammilulla bandhathe "kuprasiddham" ennu visheshippichu.
europile mattu samghadanakaleppole, pii-26-num swittsarlandil aayudhashekharangal undaayirunnu, athesamayam athinte chila amgangal grettu brittanil emm. aii. 6-ll ardhasainika, garilla yuddha pariseelana kozhsukal nadatthi. videsha pariseelakar pii-26 upayogichu swittsarlandile kozhsukalum pinthudarnnu.
oru airish republican armi (aii. aarr. eiii) aayudha depoic nereyundaaya yadhaartha akramanam ulppede, oru aii. aarr. eiii amgamenkilum kollappettathayi paranja, thaan englandil rahasya sainika parisheelanatthil pankedutthathaayi swis sainika instructor alois hurliman velippeduthi.
1976ll special sarvees medaaviyaaya kenal batchman britiish saas sainyavumayi paraspara sahakarana karaaril earppettathaayi aaropikkappedunnu.
1951 muthal 1958 vare europile naatto senayude deputy supreme kamaandaraayirunna britiish feeld marshell bernard montgomery 1946 muthal 1962 vare ellah februvariyilum sainika kaaryangalkkayi berneys oberlandilaayirunnu. 1946ll addeham swis prathirodha mantri kaal cobelt, videshakaarya mantri maiks pettitpiyar, cheef oof staaf luis dii montmolin ennivarumaayi koodikkaazhcha nadatthi, yudhaananthara kaalaghattatthile swis nishpakshathayum thanthravum charcha cheythu. swis charitrakaaranaaya mouro mandovaniyude gaveshanamanusarichu, soviyatt adhiniveshathinte padhathikal charcha cheiyunnathinaayi montgomery 1952 februvariyil montmoline veendum kandumutty. adiyantharaavasthayundaayal swittsarlandinu naattoyude sahayam aavasyamaanennu avar sammathichu, ithu mandovanic ingane nigamanathiletthaan kaaranamaayi
sheethayudhakaalathu swittsarland paashchaathya kyaambinte bhagamaayirunnathinaal ellah nishpaksharum swittsarlandine oru udaaharanamaayi edukkanamennu maathrame paashchaathya nethaakkalkku aagrahikkaan kazhiyoo.
italiyil aadyamaayi gladio kandethiya itaaliyan majistrettu felis kaasan prakhyaapichu "swis landumaayulla gladio kondaakttukalekkurichu rekhakalum njaan romile" palasso brashiyil "kandittundennu enikku urappund.
koodaathe, pii-26 sakthamaaya encrypt cheytha ashayavinimaya samvidaanamaaya haarpoon radiokal upayogichu, ithu beljian paarlamentari kammeeshan kandethiyathupole beljian stey-bind network upayogichirunnu. upayogichirunnu thudakkathil jarmman sthaapanamaaya egg telefuncanil ninnu naatto vangiya haarpoon samvidaanam, 6.000 kilometeriludaneelam encrypt cheytha radio sandeshangal ayaykkaan amgangalkku anuvadichu, angane avarkkidayil bandham nilanirthaan avare praaptharakki. eee samvidaanam swis sainyam upayogikkunna saadhaarana ashayavinimaya samvidaanavumaayi poruthappedunnilla. ennirunnaalum, 1987-ll pii-26 ekadesham 15 dasalaksham swis fraankukalkkaayi haarpoon samvidaanathinte videsha steshanukale bandhippichathaayi majistrettu piyari kornu kandethi. charitrakaaranaaya danielle gancer nireekshichathu
brasselsile naatto command sentarukalumaayum amerikkayile sii. aii. eiii. yumayum grettu brittanile emm. aii. 6 yumayum bandhippichirikkunna haarpoon upakaranangal vaangiyathiloode europian stey-bind netvarkkil swis stey-bind valare adisthaana hardware thalatthil samyojippikkunnathaayi manassilakki.
1991 march 13 nuu soshyalist empy esthar bahrar federal kaunsilinodu oru paarlamentari abhyarthanayil pii-26 amgangalil ninnu 1975 ll basalinu sameepamulla kaiserogstil oru aanava nilayam sthaapikkunnathinethire nadanna aanava virudha prathishedhatthinide nadanna "kaiseragst" attimari pravarthanangalil earppettittundo ennu chodichu. chodichu 1974num idayil idayil attimari pravartthanangal avide nadannittundu, anweshanangal falamillaathe upekshikkappettu, ennirunnaalum avaa "professional" pravarthanangalaanennu avar choondikkaatti. prathirodha mantri cusper williger ithil pankillennu nishedhichu. chila akramasakthamaaya aanava virudha prathishedhakkaar attimari pravartthanangalude bahumati etteduthathaayi aaropikkappedunnathinal "voos dye vochensiteung" enna idathupaksha vaarikayum abhyarthana asaadhyamaanennu prakhyaapichu.
1975 muthal 1990 vare soshyal demookratik party oof swittsarlandinte prasidantaayirunna muun empy helmut hubachar, pii-26-nte nilanilpp professional sainikar aaropikkunnathinekkaal aswasthathayundaakkunnathane prakhyaapichu, kaaranam ithu saadhyamaaya soviyatt adhiniveshathe prathirodhikkaan mathramalla, thiranjeduppil vijayichu paarlamentari bhooripaksham nediyaal sajeevamakaan oru maandett undaayirunnu.
pii-27 fayalukal.
pii-26 nuu purame, aabhyanthara nireekshanatthinu utharavaadikalaaya pii-27 umm sainika rahasyaanveshana ejansi verthirichu. guardian" ennathil ninnulla richard norttan-tailor parayunnathanusarichu
sarkkar bhaagikamaayi dhanasahayam nalkunna swakaarya videsha rahasyaanveshana ejansiyaaya ejansiyaaya, "idathupakshakkaar", "bill stikkarukal", "yahovayude sakshikal", "asaadhaarana pravanathakalulla aalukal", aanava virudha prakadanakkaar ennivarulppede ekadesham 8,000 "samshayaaspadamaaya vyakthikalil" fayalukal nirmmicha swis armi intalijansinte oru prathyeka yoonit enniva enniva pinthunachu.
november 14 nuu, swis sarkkar pii 26 thidukkathil pirichuvittu-athinte thalaykku prathivarsham 100,000 poundu nalkiyirunnu. 

