
yukthisahamaya roopam

yukthiyil, oru prasthaavanayude yukthisahamaya roopam oru aupachaarika samvidaanathil aaa prasthaavanayude krithyamaayi vyakthamakkiya ardharoopamaanu. anoupachaarikamaayi, oru aupachaarika samvidaanavumaayi bandhappett krithyavum avyakthavumaaya yukthisahamaya vyaakhyaanathode avyakthamaaya oru prasthavanaye oru prasthavanayaakki aupachaarikamaakkaan yukthisahamaya roopam shramikkunnu. oru anuyojyamaaya aupachaarika bhashayil, oru yukthisahamaya roopathinte ardham vaakyaghadanayil ninnu maathram vyakthamaayi nirnnayikkaan kazhiyum. yukthisahamaya roopangal vaakyaghadanayude nirmmithikalalla, avaa ardhavathaayavayaanu; athinaal, oru bhashayil ore yukthisahamaya roopathe prathinidheekarikkunna onniladhikam stringukal undakam.
oru vaadathinte yukthisahamaya roopathe vaadathinte vaada roopam ennu vilikkunnu.
charithram.
roopathinte yukthiyilekkulla aashayathinte praadhaanyam purathana kaalath thanne amgeekarikkappettirunnu. munkaala vishakalanagalil", saadhuvaaya nigamanangale prathinidheekarikkunnathin variable aksharangal aadyamaayi upayogichathu aristottilaayirikkam. athinaal, charangalude aamukham "aristottilinte ettavum valia kandupiduthangalilonna" ennu jaann lucassivics avakaashappedunnu."
amoniasineppolulla aristottilinte anuyaayikal parayunnathanusarichu, aasoothrithamaayi prasthaavichittulla yukthisahamaya thathwangal maathramaan yukthiyil ulppettirikkunnath, allathe vyakthamaaya padangalil nalkiyittullavayalla. manushyan", "marthyan" thudangiya moorthamaaya padangal vaadathinte "dravyam" (greak "hail", laattin "metteeriya") ennu vilikkapetta "eiii", "bii", "sii" ennee skeemattik placeholderukalude pakara moolyangalkku samaanamaan.
swaabhaavika bhashayum yuktiyum aupachaarikamaakkunnathinulla thante paripaadiyude pashchaathalatthil 1914ll bertrand russell thanne "logical phoom" enna padam avatharippichu, athine addeham daarshanika yukthi ennu vilichu. russell ezhuthi "yukthisahamaya roopangalekkurichulla orutharam arivu, mikka aalukalilum athu vyakthamallengilum, vyavahaarathekkurichulla ellah daaranayilum ulppedunnu. eee arivu athinte dridamaaya poornnasamkhyakalil ninnu verthirichedukkunnathum athine vyakthavum shudhavumaakkunnathum daarshanika yukthiyude kaaryamaan."
vaada roopathinte udaaharanam.
oru vaadathinte "roopam" enna pradhana ashayam prakadippikkunnathin, yadhaartha vaadathile vaakyangaliludaneelam samanamaaya enangalkku aksharangal maattisthaapikkuka.
vaadathinte" roopathil "echu" ennathu "manushyan", "manushyar", "emm" ennathu "marthyan", "ezz" ennathu "socreties" ennivaykku iduka maathramaan cheythath. yadhaartha vaadathinte "roopam" enthaanu. koodaathe, "aargyument foominte" oro vaakyavum yadhaartha aargyumentile athath vaakyathinte "vaakya roopam" aanu.
vaada roopathinte praadhaanyam.
vaadathinum vaakya roopathinum shradha nalkunnu, kaaranam "roopam" aanu oru vaadathe saadhuthayullatho dridamo aakkunnath. ellah logical phoom aargyumentukalum inductive allengil deductive aanu. inductive logical roopangalil inductive generalisation, stattistikkal aargyumentukal, kosalal aargyumentukal, analajiyil ninnulla aargyumentukal enniva ulppedunnu. saangalppika silojism, kattagarikkal silojism, nirvachanam anusarichu aargyument, ganithathe adisthaanamaakkiyulla aargyument, nirvachanathil ninnulla aargyument ennivayaanu saadhaarana deductive aargyument foomukal. yukthiyude ettavum vishwasaneeyamaaya roopangal modus ponense, modus tollens, cheyin aargyumentukal ennivayaanu, kaaranam vaadathinte parisaram shariyaanenkil, nigamanam anivaryamaayum pinthudarunnu. rund asaadhuvaaya vaada roopangal anantharafalathe sthireekarikkukayum mungami nishedhikkukayum cheiyunnu. 
oru yukthisahamaya vaadathe, kramappeduthiya vaakyangalude oru koottamaayi kaanumbol, athinte ghadaka vaakyangalude roopathil ninnu uruthirinja oru yukthisahamaya roopamundu; oru vaadathinte yukthisahamaya roopathe chilappol vaada roopam ennu vilikkunnu. chila rachayithakkal muzhuvan vaadangalumaayum bandhappett yukthisahamaya roopathe maathrame vaadathinte skimetta allengil anumana gadanayaayi nirvachikkunnulloo. vaada sidhaanthathilo anoupachaarika yuktiyilo, oru vaada roopathe chilappol yukthisahamaya roopathekkaal vishalamaaya oru aashayamaayi kaanunnu.
vaakyathil ninnu ellah vyaja vyaakarana savisheshathakalum (lingabhedam, nishkriya roopangal enniva polullava) neekkam cheyyukayum vaadathinte "vishayavasthu" ykku prathyekamaayi ellah padaprayogangalum schematic variableukal upayogichu maattisthaapikkukayum cheiyunnu. udaaharanathinu, "ellah manushyarum manushyaraan", "ellah poochakalum maamsabhojikalaanu", "ellah greekkukaarum thathwachinthakaraanu" thudangiya vaakyangalkk pothuvaaya yukthisahamaya roopam kaanikkunna padaprayogam "ellah ekalum bii-yaanu".
aadhunika yukthiyil yukthisahamaya roopam.
aadhunika aupachaarika yuktiyum parambaraagathavum allengil aristottiliyan yuktiyum thammilulla adisthaana vyathyasam avar pariganikkunna vaakyangalude yukthisahamaya roopathekkurichulla vyathyasthamaaya vishakalanathilaan 
kooduthal sankeernamaaya aadhunika kazhcha kooduthal shakthiyode varunnu. aadhunika kazhchappadil, oru lalithamaaya vaakyathinte adisthaana roopam nalkunnathu swaabhaavika bhasha pole oru aavarthana schemayaanu, koodaathe logical connecteevukal ulppedunnu, avaa mattu vaakyangalumayi kootticherkkappedunnu, avaykku logical ghadana undayirikkaam. madhyakaala yukthinjar onniladhikam saamaanyathayude prashnam thiricharinju, avide aristotaliyan yukthiykk "chila aalukalkk ellah bhagyavumundu" enna vaakyangal thripthikaramaayi vivarthanam cheyyaan kazhiyilla, kaaranam "ellaam", "chilath" ennee rund alavukalum oru anumaanathil prasakthamaayirikkam, ennaal aristottil upayogicha sthiramaaya padhathi anumaanathe niyantrikkaan oraale maathrame anuvadikkoo. bhashaavethamaar swaabhaavika bhaashakalile aavarthana ghadanaye thirichariyunnathupole, yukthiykk aavarthana ghadana aavasyamaanennu thonnunnu.
swaabhaavika bhasha samskaranathil yukthisahamaya roopangal.
ardha paazhsingil, swaabhaavika bhaashakalile prasthavanakal avayude ardhangale prathinidheekarikkunna yukthisahamaya roopangalaayi parivartthanam cheyyappedunnu.