
joseph dii ferraris

oru austriyan generalum cartographerumaayirunnu joseph jeane francois, kaundu dii ferraris (1726 epril 20, loonevilleyil-1814 epril 1, viyannayil). chaalsinte makalaaya 2nd duke dii 'oorsal aanu addehathinte vivaham.
jeevacharitram.
1771num 1778num idayil austriyan netherlandile vishadamaaya "carte-dii-kaabinat" srishtikkaan austriyayile chakravarthini maria thereza chakravarty joseph randaman ferrarisine niyogichu. maappukal oru skailil 1:11,520 nirmmikkukayum 275 kaii niramullathum kaikondu varachathumaya maappukalude oru shekharam 0,90 × 1,40 meter veetham roopappeduthukayum cheythu. evaykkoppam saambathikavum sainikavumaaya thaalpparyamulla vishayangalumayi (nadikal, paalangal, vanangal, sainika kyaambukalude saadhyathakal muthalaayava) bandhapetta panthrand vaalyangalulla kaiyyaksara vyaakhyaanangalum undaayirunnu.).
ferraris mapp.
bhoopadangalude moonnu yadhaartha bhagangal avasheshikkunnu. onnu viyannayile kreegsaarchivilum onnu haggile rejexerchief moonnaamathethu brasselsile beljiyathinte royal librariyilumaanu. brasselsil sookshichirikkunna bhoopadangal austriyan netherlands gavarnaraayirunna loreynile chaals alexander rajakumaran vendi nirddeshikkappetta bhoopadangalaayirunnu, onnaam lokamahaayudhathinte nashtaparihaaratthinte bhaagamaayi 1922 ll austriya beljiyathilekku maatti. vishudha-jarmman-enn-leeii udambadiyude randaam bhaagathile bhagam VIII-lekkulla anubandham II-nte vyavasthayaayirunnu bhoopadangal kaimarunnathu.
1777lum 1778lum ferrarikal 25 bhoopadangalil 1:86,400 skeyilulla kaabinat maappukalude oru kuranja pathipp puratthirakki, vaanijya vilppanaykkaayi ("carte marchande") puratthirakki.
franch viplava yudhangaludeyum nepolian yudhangaludeyum sainika pravarthanangalilum ferraris bhoopadangal oru paridhivare upayogichirunnu. franchukaar 1792-1793 ll aakramichappol avar oru brassalinte printaril ninnum vilppanakkaaril ninnum bhoopadatthinte 400 koppikal eduthu. 1794ll avar kothupanikalulla falakangal francilake kondupoyi, athuvazhi avarkk swantham upayogathinaayi kooduthal bhoopadangal nirmmikkanum pakarppukal nedunnathil ninnu shathrukkale thadayaanum kazhinju. franch enchineeyaraaya luis kaapitteyn ithu pakartthukayum 69 sheettukalulla rund pathippukal nirmmikkukayum aarr sheettukalil cheria thothilulla oru pathipp nirmmikkukayum cheythu, athu vaanijyaparamaayi vittu. waterloo prachaarana velayil vellington dukinte pakkal aarr sheett pathippinte oru pakarpp undaayirunnu, kaaranam gebard leberect voonn bluecherinte pakkal aarr sheett pathippinte oru pakarpum undayirikkaam. nepolian poornna skeyil kaapitteyn bhoopadatthinte oru pakarpp vahikkumbol neppoliyante assisted-dii-campaya gaurgoudu ferraris bhoopadatthinte oru pakarpp vahichirunnu. rund pathippukalum valare samaanavum ekadesham 40 varsham pazhakkamullathumaayirunnu (udaaharanathinu, bhoopadatthinte draftinginum 1815 num edayilulla edavelayil charleroy chuttipattiyulla avayude adisthaana soukaryangalulla kalkari khanikal kaananilla).

