
chintha ulcherkkal

oraalude chinthakal swanthamalla, marichu mattoraaludethaan, oraalude manassil ulppeduthappettirikku enna midhyaabodhamaayaanu icd-10 chintha ulppeduthaline nirvachichirikkunnathu. chintha ulcherkkal bhrant anubavikkunna vyakthikk chintha evide ninnaan varunnathennu ariyanamennilla, marichu avarude swantham chinthakalum avarude manassil ulcherthathum thammil verthirikkunnu. ennirunnaalum, rogikalkku ellah chinthakalum chertthathupole anubhavappedunnilla; chilath maathram, saadhaaranayaayi samanamaaya ulladakkamo paatten pinthudarunnu. eee midhyaavishwaasamulla oru vyakthikk avarude vishwaasangalude sathyasandhatha bodhyappedukayum atharam roganirnayam sweekarikkaan thayyarakathirikkukayum cheiyunnu.
chintha ulppeduthal saikkosisinte oru saadhaarana lakshanamaan, ithu pala maanasika vaikalyangalilum mattu medical avasthakalilum sambhavikkunnu. ennirunnaalum, chintha ulppeduthal saadhaaranayaayi schisophreniayumaayi bandhappettirikkunnu. chinthakal ulppeduthal, chintha prakshepanam, chintha pinvalikkal, chintha thadayal, mattu onnaam rank lakshanagal enniva oru praadhamika lakshanamaan, prathikarikkunnayal nalkunna vyaamoha vishadeekaranavumaayi thettidharikkaruthu. saadhaaranayaayi eathenkilum tharatthilulla psychopathology bandhappettirikkunnavum, nonpatholajikkal aayi kanakkaakkappedunnavaril, saadhaaranayaayi athmeeya sandarbhangalil, mathramalla mediumship, automatic raitting thudangiya saamskaarikamaayi swaadheenikkappetta sanbradaayangalilum chintha ulppeduthal anubhavikkan kazhiyum.
chila rogikal chila samayangalil oru baahya allengil aantharika shakti (rogi abhimukheekaricha vyaamohathe aashrayich) thangale kaikaaryam cheiyunnuvennum pinneedu maathrame chinthakal thangaludethallennu manassilaakkiyulloo ennum prasthaavichittundu; ithu rogikalkku avar cheiyunna kaaryangalil "niyanthranam nashtappedunnathumaayi" bandhappettirikkunnu.
nishedhikkappedaatha chinthakal.
vishayathe nerittu allengil bodhapoorvam chinthikkathe manassil varunna chinthakalaanu aniyanthrithamaaya chinthakal. ulchertha chinthakal, bodhapoorvamo parokshamaayo roopappeduthappedunnathi swabhaavam pankidumbol, chinthakalude rachayithaav kaaranam nirodhitha chinthakalil ninnu vyathyasthamaan. aniyanthrithamaaya chinthayude oru anubhavathil, bodhapoorvam chinthikkaan uddeshichittillengil thangalaanu chinthayude rachayithaav ennu vishayathin ariyaam. ennirunnaalum, chintha ulcherkkal enna thonnalinidayil, vishayam mattoru vyakthiyudethaanennu thonnukayum avarude swantham manassil ulppeduthukayum cheiyunnu, ithu chinthayude rachayithaavine thangalallathe mattaareyengilum akkunnu.
sravanaparamaaya vaakkalulla midhyaadhaaranakal.
sravanaparamaaya hyaalusineshanukalkk rund pradhana gadakangalunda kelviseshi, anyavalkkaranam. chinthakal ulcherkkal anubavikkunna aalukal anyavalkkaranathinte anubhavam (avarkkulla chinthakal svayam srishtikkappettathaanenna avarkk thirichariyaan kazhiyilla) shravana midhyaabodhangalumaayi pankidumbol, avarkk kelvibodham illa (avarude manassil ninnu purathulla chinthakal anubhavappedukayo avarodu samsaarikkukayo cheiyunnu). chintha ulcherkkal anubavikkunna vyakthi chintha avarude manassil chinthikkappedunnuvennu thirichariyunnu, pakshe avar athu chinthikkunnathu thangalaanennu thirichariyaan paraajayappedunnu.
udaaharanagal.
chintha ulcherkkalinte udaaharanangal chilappol athu thante swantham chinthayaanennu thonnunnuvennum ennaal athu anganeyaanennu enikku thonnunnillennum avar paranju. swantham chinthakal ore kaaryam paranjekkaam', 'ennaal vikaaram onnalla', 'athu mattoraaludethaan ennathaanu vikaaram.'njaan janaalayiloode puratthekku nokkumbol poonthottam manoharamaanennum pullu thanuthathaanennum njaan karuthunnu, pakshe emon aandrookalude chinthakal ente manassilekku varunnu. avide mattu chinthakalonnumilla, addehathinte maathram. avan ente manassine oru screen pole pariganikkukayum ningal oru chithram minnunnathupole chinthakal athil prakashippikkukayum cheiyunnu.eee vishayathin mattullavarude chinthakalaanennu aval karuthunna chinthakalundu, enganeyo avalude swantham manassil sambhavikkunnu. hypnosis allengil psychochinesis vazhi chila chinthakal mattullavar avale chinthippikkunnunde vishayam karutunnilla, marichu vishayathinte manassine oru manahshaasthra maadhyamamaayi upayogikkunna chinthakale mattullavar karuthunnu.
sidhaanthangal.
staanderd sameepanam.
staanderd sameepanam" ennathu ejansi bodhatthinte abhaavamaan. mikka thathwachinthakarum ejansi enna bodhathe nirvachikkunnath avar swantham pravartthanangal aarambhikkukayo niyanthrikkukayo cheiyunnu ennathinekkurichulla oru vishayathinte avabodhamaan. staanderd aproach sidhaanthamanusarichu, vishayathin avar oru chinthayude thudakkakkaaraanennu avabodhamilla, pakshe chintha avarude swantham manassil nilanilkkunnuvennu avar thirichariyunnu. 
staanderd sameepanam vishadaamshangalum chintha ulcherkkunnathinu pinnile asaadhaaranamaaya rogaavasthayum vishadeekarikkunnillenn palarum vaadichittundu. saadhaaranayaayi, ulchertha chinthakale vishayam manappoorvvam (nirodhitha chinthakal) roopappeduthaan shramikkaatha saadhaarana chinthakalil ninno vishayathin purathulla sakthikalaal niyanthrikkappedunnu karuthunna mattu chinthakalil ninno verthirikkunna oru kaaranam nalkunnathil eee vivaranam paraajayappedunnuvennu vimarshakar vaadikkunnu. thalphalamaayi, eee prathibhaasathinu pinnile sankeernathakal vishadeekarikkaan sramikkunnathinaayi chintha ulcherkkalinte mattu sidhaanthangal nirddeshikkappettittund.
kaaryakaarana-sandarbha.
chintha ulcherkkalinte kaaryakaarana-sandarbhochitha sidhaantham udamasthaavakaashathinte abhaavathil shradha kendreekarikkunnu. eee sidhaantham staanderd sameepanathil ninnu vyathyasthamaan, kaaranam vishayathin ejansi bodhamillennu paranju chintha ulcherkkal vishadeekarikkunnathinuparikar, vishayathin udamasthaavakaashabodham illennu sidhaantham nalkikkond eee model chintha ulcherkkal vishadeekarikkunnu, ithu ejansiyude abhavam srishtikkunnu. schisophrenia, psychosis ennivayude mattu niravadhi lakshanangaliloode chithreekarichirikkunna schisophrenia ulla rogikalkku avarude vivarangalude samyojanathil oru saamaanyavalkkaricha kuravu undennu anumaanikkappedunnu. kaaryakaarana-sandarbhochitha sidhaanthamanusarichu, udamasthaavakaashabodham kaaryakaarana-sandarbhochitha vivarangal samyojippikkunnathine aasrayichirikkunnu, eee prakriyayile oru kuravu chintha ulppeduthalinte asaadhaarana anubhavathinu kaaranamaakunnu. 
udamasthaavakaashabodhathekkurathu nirvachanam kaaranam eee model vimarsanathinu vidheyamaayi. thathwachinthayil, udamasthaavakaashabodhathe nirvachichirikkunnathu oraalude swantham manassinte paridhikkullil sambhavikkunna oru chinthayaanu. ennirunnaalum, chintha ulcherkkalinte kaaryakaarana-sandarbhochitha maathrkayil, udamasthaavakaashabodhathe nirvachichirikkunnathu oru chintha chinthikkunna vyakthiyudethupolulla vikaaramaan. eee vyathyasam kaaranam, palathum (udha.jii. seager, coliva) vaadikkunnathu kaaryakaarana-sandarbhochitha maathruka chintha ulcherkkalinte oru prathyeka maathrkayalla, marichu staanderd sameepanathinte oru anantharafalamaanu.
manass-tuu-mind maathruka.
oru saadhaarana janasamkhyayil chintha ulcherkkal anweshikkaan panni, susa (2013) oru pareekshanam nadatthi. noonn-paatholajikkal janangalkk avarude chinthakalil ejansi thettaaya sambhavanakal manassilakkaan kazhiyunna saahacharyangal srishtikkaan avar shramichu. oru vyakthiyil ninnu mattonnilekku chinthakal kaimaran kazhiyunna oru yanthrathil thangal gadippichirikkunnave pankedutthavarodu paranju. thudarnnu avarodu oru taargett vaakk parayukayum oro thavanayum taargett padathekkurichu chinthikkumbol oru mousil klikkucheyyukayum cheythu. ennirunnaalum, avar chinthikkunna lakshyam enna vaakk avarude swantham manass srishtichathallennu vishwasichappol maathramaan avar mousil klikkucheyyendathu. eee maathruka ellaayppozhum pravartthikkillennum mattoraalude chinthakal anubhavikkaathirikkunnath sariyaanennum oonnipparanju. pankedutthavaril bahubhooripakshavum (72 sathamaanam) ejansiyengilum oru thettayi aaropikkukayum, athaayath avar anubhavicha oru chintha matte pankaaliyumaayi bandhappettathaanennu parayukayum yanthram avarude manassilekku chintha kaimaattam cheythuvennu vishwasikkukayum cheythu. verum 5 minittinuseshamaanu ithu sambhavichathu. nishpakshamaaya niyanthranavumayi thaarathamyappeduthumbol lakshyam vekkunna chintha oru nishedhaathmaka chinthaye unarthumbol eee thettaaya sambhavanakal kooduthalaayirunnu.
neurology.
chintha ulcherkkunnathumaayi bandhapetta mastishka pradeshangal thirichariyunnathu budhimuttaanennu theliyikkappettittund. onnamathaayi, idaykkide chintha ulcherkkal anubavikkunna vishayangal kandethunnathu budhimuttaanu. randaamathaayi, eee vishayangalil chintha ulcherkkal anubhavikkumbol braine imaging teknikkukal cheiyunnathu budhimuttaanu. athinaal, eee mekhalayile mikka kandethalukalum varunnath saadhaaranakkaarude hypnosis kesukalil ninnaan, walsh kolejukalum (2015) nadatthiya oru pareekshanatthil ithu thelinjittundu. chinta ulcherkkalinte prathibhaasatthil supplementary motor eriya ulppettirikkunnuvennu karuthappedunnu. bhasha, chalanam, svayam sambandhamaaya prosessing ennivaye pinthunaykkunna nettvarkkukalude sajeevamaakkal kuraykkunnathumaayi chinta ulcherkkal bandhappettirikkunnu. prathyekichu, idathu supplementary motor eriya, basel ganglia, straital eriya, raitt superior osippittal courtex, thaalamas ennivayude pravartthanam kurayunnathumaayi chinta ulppeduthal bandhappettirikkunnu. bhasha samskaranathilum chalana nadappakkalilum earppettirikkunna anubandha motor eriyayum mastishka pradeshangalum thammilulla pravarthanaparamaaya bandhavum kandethi.
thettaaya aantharika samsara sidhaantham.
thettaaya aantharika samsaarathinte maathruka anusarichu, aantharika samsaarathinte thalamurayil, samsara ulppaadana mekhalakal samsara bodhavalkarana mekhalaye thadassappeduthunnathil paraajayappedunnu, ithu oraalude chinthakale oru baahya srothassilekku thettayi aaropikkunnathilekku nayikkunnu.
thaarathamya-maathruka (munnottulla maathruka).
forwade model ennum ariyappedunna comparator-model, thettaaya aantharika samsara sidhaanthathinte oru vishadeekaranamaanu. eee sidhaantham forwade model ennariyappedunna aantharika samsaarathil ulppedunna oru maathrkaye aasrayichirikkunnu. prathyekamaayi, chinta ulcherkkalinte thaarathamya-maathruka oru paariyettal-cerebeller network ulppedunna chalanavumaayi bandhapetta censory feedback prosess cheiyunnathine swamedhayaa ulla chalanangalil feedford inhibishanu vidheyamaanennu vivarikkunnu, ithu chinthakal ulppeduthunnathu pole vishayabodhathinu kaaranamaakumenn karuthappedunnu. svayam srishtikkappetta chalanangalkkayi somattosensari prosessinghinte feedford inhibition thadassappeduthunnathinte falamaayi ejansi bodham nashtappedunnuvennu nirddeshikkappettittund. frith (2012) vaadikkunnathu, vyaamohangalum mathibhramavum modalinte pravachana gadakathile parajayavumaayi bandhappettirikkunnu ennaanu. 
chalanathinulla oru maathruka chinthakalude akkoundilekku maattaan kazhiyumenna pinthunayillaattha avakaashavaadam ithu unnayikkunnuvennu eee maathrkayude vimarshakar vaadikkunnu. chalanangalum chinthakalum ore reethiyil prosess cheyyappedunnuvennu ariyaathathinaal eee kuthichuchaattam nadatthaan kazhiyillennu eee vimarshakar vaadikkunnu. thaarathamya-modalinulla pinthunayum sputty aanu. walsh kolejukalum (2015) nadatthiya oru pareekshanam munnottulla chinta maathruka ulppeduthalinu pinnile sidhaanthathe pinthunaykkunnilla. somattosensari allengil chalanatthil sambhavikkunna mattu svayam nireekshana nettvarkkukalude amithamaayi pravarthanakshamamaakkunnathu chintha ulppeduthalumaayi bandhamillenn avar kandethi. motor agencic vendiyulla oru maathrkaykku chinta ejansiye vishadeekarikkaan kazhiyillennathinu ithu thelivukal nalkunnuvennu avar vaadikkunnu.
executive kantrol model.
motor planning mekhalakalile, prathyekichu supplementary motor eriyayile, marria pravartthanatthiloode chintha ulppeduthal madhyasthatha vahikkaamenn executive kantrol model vaadikkunnu. oru pareekshanatthil, swamedhayaa ulla chalanangalumayi thaarathamyappeduthumbol nirddeshikkappetta swamedhayaa ullappol anubandha motor eriyayum motor nadappaakkal pradeshangalum thammilulla connectivity kuranju.
chikitsa.
chintha ulppeduthunnathinulla mikka chikilsakalum rogalakshanathinu prathyekamalla, marichu rogalakshanam chikilsikkunnathu athinu kaaranamakunna psychopathology chikilsayiloodeyaanu. ennirunnaalum, oru cases report samsaarathinte chalana pravarthanangalaayi chinthakal nadathunnathiloode chintha ulcherkkal niyanthrikkunnathinulla oru maarggamaayi kanakkakkunnu. mattoru vidhathil paranjaal, rogi thante chinthakal uchathil samsaarikkukayum svayam samsaarikkunnathum pinneedu aaa chintha svayam sambhavana cheiyunnathum kelkkaan kazhiyumennathinaal avarkk ejansi enna vikaaram veendum nalkukayum cheyyum.

