
israayelinte bhoomishaasthram

thekk marubhumiyum vadakku manjumoodiya parvathangalum ulla israayelinte bhoomishaasthram valare vaividhyapoornamaanu. padinjaaran eshyayil medittareniyan kadalinte kizhakkan attathaanu israel sthithi cheiyunnathu. vadakku lebanon, vadakkukizhakku syria, kizhakk jordan, padinjaaran theeram, thekkupadinjaaru eejipt ennivayaanu athirthikal. israayelinte padinjaaru medittareniyan kadalum israayelinte theerapradeshatthinte bhooribhaagavum ghaza strip ulkkollunnu. thekk chenkadalil israelinu oru cheria theerapradeshamundu.
israayelinte vistheernnam ekadesham ulnaadan jalam ulkkollunnathaan. israel vadakku muthal thekk vare vyaapichukidakkunnu, athinte veethi athinte ettavum veethiyulla pooyint muthal ettavum idungiya pooyint vare aanu. ithinu oru prathyeka saambathika mekhalayundu.
padinjaaran theeram, kizhakkan jarusalem, gollen uyarangal enniva israel adhinivesha pradeshangalil ulppedunnu. eee pradeshangalile bhoomishaasthraparamaaya savisheshathakal atharam reethiyil shradhikkappedum. eee pradeshangalil, israel kizhakkan jarusalem gollen uyarangalum koottichertthu, ithu anthaaraashtra samooham amgeekarichilla.
thekkan israelil aadhipathyam pulartthunna negev marubhoomi raajyathinte motham bhoopradeshathinte pakuthiyiladhikavum ulkkollunnu. negevinte vadakku bhaagath jordanumaayulla athirthiyil bhoomiyile ettavum thaazhnna sthalamaaya mrithakkadal ulkkollunna judian marubhoomi ulppedunnu. madhya israayelinte ulnaadan pradeshathu padinjaaran theerathe judian kunnukal aadhipathyam pulartthunnu, athesamayam madhya, vadakkan theerapradeshangalil parannathum phalabhooyishtavumaaya israeli theerapradesham adangiyirikkunnu. ulnaadan, vadakkan mekhalayil carmel parvathanirakal ulppedunnu, thudarnnu ulnaadan phalabhooyishtamaaya jesreel thaazhvarayum thudarnnu malayora galeeli mekhalayum. eee pradeshathinappurathu sthithi cheiyunna galeeli kadalinte athirthi kizhakk gollen uyarangalaanu, vadakku israayelinte niyanthranatthilulla ettavum uyarnna sthalamaaya hermon maasifinte israeli adhinivesha bhagathaal athirthi pankidunna oru peedabhoomi. anthaaraashtra thalatthil israeli ennu amgeekarikkappetta pradeshathe ettavum uyaram koodiya sthalam moundu meron aanu.
sthalavum athirthikalum.
bhoomadhyarekhayude vadakku 31°30 'vadakkan akshaamshathilum 34°45' kizhakkan rekhaamshathilumaanu israel sthithi cheiyunnathu. ithu vadakku ninnu thekote athinte ettavum veethiyulla sthalathu kizhakk ninnu padinjarottum alakkunnu. ennirunnaalum, athinte ettavum idungiya ghattathil ithu nyaayamaayi kuranju. ithinu karaa athirthiyum theerapradeshavumundu. motham vistheernnathinte adisthaanathil raajyangaludeyum purampradeshangaludeyum pattikayil ithu 153-aamm sthaanathaanu.
palasteeninu vendiyulla britiish utharavu sthaapikkunnathinu munbu, palestine ennariyappedunna pradeshatthinte bhoomishaasthraparavum praadeshikavumaaya paridhikalekkurichu vyakthamaaya nirvachanam undaayirunnilla."onnaam lokamahaayudhathinte thalennu encyclopedia britanica ithine" "avyakthamaaya bhoomishaasthraparamaaya ashayam" "ennu visheshippichu"."1916leeii saikks-picot udambadi pinneedu palasteen aaya eee pradeshathe naalu rashtreeya unitukalaayi vibhajichu. paalastheenulla britiish maandettin keezhil, eee pradeshathe chuttumulla valia rajyangalil ninnu verthiricha aadyathe bhouma-rashtreeya chattakkood srishtichu. eee samayathe athirthi nirnayam athirthikalkku sameepam bhoomishaasthraparamaaya mattangal konduvannilla, athirthiyude iruvashangalum britiish bharanakoodatthinte niyanthranathilaayirunnu.
aadhunika israayelinte vadakku lebanon, vadakkukizhakku syria, kizhakk jordan, padinjaaran karaa, thekkupadinjaaru eejipt ennivayaanu athirthikal. israayelinte 273 kilometer (170 mile) theerapradeshathinteyum ghaza strippinteyum bhooribhaagavum ulkkollunna medittareniyan kadalaanu israayelinte padinjaaru. thekk chenkadalil israelinu oru cheria theerapradeshamundu. israelile ettavum thekke attathulla vaasasthalam aylaatt nagravum vadakke attathulla nagaram mettulayumaan. israayelinte praadeshika jalam kadalilekku uchithamaaya adisthaanarekhayil ninnu panthrand nottikkal mile dooram vare vyaapichukidakkunnu.
israel central beuro oof statistiks nalkunna sthithivivarakkanakkukali kootticherttha kizhakkan jarusalem, gollen uyarangal enniva ulppedunnu, ennaal vestt bankum ghaza strip ozhivaakkunnu. israelile janasamkhyayil padinjaaran theerathe israeli kudiyettakkaarum ulppedunnu. israeli vestt baank baariyarinte pathayil vestt baankinte chila bhagangal ulppedunnu.
physiographic pradeshangal.
medittareniyan theeradesha samathalangal, madhya kunnukal, jordan villal thaazhvara, negev marubhoomi enningane israeline naalu bhauthikashaasthra mekhalakalaayi thirichirikkunnu.
theeradesha samathalangal.
vadakku lebanese athirthi muthal thekk ghaza vare vyaapichukidakkunna israeli theeradesha samathalathin haifa ulkkadalile cape carmel maathramaan thadassam nilkkunnath. gaasayil ekadesham veethiyulla ithu vadakkott idungiyathum lebanese athirthiyil ekadesham idungiyathum aanu. phalabhooyishtavum eerppamullathumaaya (charitraparamaayi malaria) eee pradesham citrus thottangalkkum vitikkalcharinum perukettathaanu. niravadhi cheria aruvikalaanu eee samathalathiloode kadannupokunnathu. vadakku ninnu thekkott ivayaanu kishoon, hadeera, alexander, poleg, yaarkkon. eee aruvikalellaam moshamaayi malineekarikkappettirum kazhinja patthu varshathinide avaa vrithiyaakkaan valareyadhikam pravartthanangal nadannittundu. innu kishoon, alexander, yaarkkon enniva veendum varsham muzhuvanum ozhukunnu, koodaathe avayude theerathu paarkkukalum undu.
bhoomishaasthraparamaayi eee pradeshathe anchu upamekhalakalaayi thirichirikkunnu. ettavum vadakke bhagam lebanese athirthikkum kizhakk padinjaaran galilic kadalinumidayilaanu. vadakku rosh hanikra muthal israelile moonnaamathe valia nagaramaya haifa vare ithu vyaapichukidakkunnu. ithu oru phalabhooyishtamaaya pradesamaanu, theerathu niravadhi cheria dveepukalundu. moundu carmel renchil hoff hackarmal allengil carmel theeradesha samathalamund. carmel parvvatham kadalil sparsikkunna sthaanam muthal hyphayilum carmel parvvathanirayude thekkan paridhi adayaalappeduthunna nahal taninim vare ithu vyaapichukidakkunnu. nahal taninim (sikroon yakovinu thekk) muthal tell aveevinte yaarkkon nadhi vare ozhukunna adutha bhagamaanu shaaron samathalangal. israelile ettavum janasaandrathayulla pradeshamaanith. ithinu thekk, nahal shikma vare, padinjaaran negev ennum ariyappedunna madhya theeradesha samathalamaan. ghaza strippinu chuttum thekk vyaapichukidakkunna thekkan theeradesha samathalamaan avasana bhagam. ithu randaayi thirichirikkunnu-vadakku, bezor mekhala, thaarathamyena valia ennam communitykalulla oru savanna tharam pradesham, athinte thekk valare kuranja janasamkhyayulla aggar-halutza mekhala.
madhya malanirakal.
theeradesha samathalathinte ulnaadan (kizhakk) madhya malayora mekhalayaanu. eee pradeshatthinte vadakku bhagathaayi mukalile galeeli, thaazhathe galeeli ennividangalile parvathangalum kunnukalum sthithicheyyunnu, avaa saadhaaranayaayi uyarathil aanenkilum meron parvathatthil paramavadhi uyarathil athunnu. galeeliyude thekk, padinjaaran theerathu, cheruthum phalabhooyishtavumaaya niravadhi thaazhvarakalulla samarian kunnukal apoorvvamaayi maathrame uyarathilethukayulloo. jarusaleminte thekk, pradhaanamaayum padinjaaran theerathu, hebron parvvatham ulppedeyulla judian kunnukalundu. madhya malambradeshangal sharashari uyarathil athukayum avayude ettavum uyarnna uyarathil athukayum cheiyunnathu galiliyile haar meronilaanu. ekadesham kizhakk ninnu padinjaaru vare malambradeshangaliloode kadannupokunna niravadhi thaazhvarakal; ettavum valuth haifa thekkukizhakk muthal jordan nadiyude thaazhvara vare vyaapichukidakkunna jesreel thaazhvarayaanu (esdrialoninte samatalamennum ariyappedunnu), ithu athinte ettavum veethiyulla sthalathaanu.
jordan riftt thaazhvara.
madhya malanirakalude kizhakk jordan villal thaazhvara sthithicheyyunnu, ithu neenda syrian-kizhakkan aafrikkan villalinte oru cheria bhagamaanu. israelil jordan nadhi, galeeli kadal (thadaakam tiberias, thadaakam kinnarett ennum ariyappedunna oru pradhana shudhajala srothass), mritha kadal ennivayaanu villal thaazhvarayil aadhipathyam pularthunnathu. israelile ettavum valia nadiyaaya jordan (), lebanon virudha parvathanirakalile hermon parvathathinaduthulla daan, baniyas, hasbani nadikalil ninnu uthbhavich ozhukunna hula thadaakatthiloode thekkott shudhajala thadaakamaaya tiberiayilekku ozhukunnu. tiberia thadaakam valippathil, season mazhayum anusarichu samudranirappinu thaazheyaan. jalasheshi kanakkaakkappedunna ithu deseeya jalavaahinikkappalinte (kinnarett-negev contuit ennum ariyappedunnu) pradhana jalasambharaniyayi pravartthikkunnu. tiberias thadaakatthinte thekke attathu ninnu (padinjaaran theerathinum jordan edayilulla athirthi roopappeduthunnu) uyarnna lavanamshamulla mritha kadalile athirthi vare jordan nadhi athinte gathi thudarunnu. mrithakkadalinu valippamund, samudranirappinu thaazheyulla bhoomiyile ettavum thaazhnna uparithala binduvaanithu. mrithakkadalinu thekk, sthiramaaya jalapravaahamillatha arabayil (hebru "arava", arabic "vaadi" araba ") eelttu ulkkadalilekku villal thaazhvara thudarunnu.
negev marubhoomi.
israayelinte motham bhoopradeshathinte pakuthiyiladhikavum negev marubhoomiyaanu. bhoomishaasthraparamaayi ithu sinaay marubhoomiyude oru vipuleekaranamaanu, vadakku birsheba, mrithakkadal, thekkan judian parvathanirakal ennivaykku sameepam oru parukkan trikonamaayi maarunnu, koodaathe raajyathinte thekke attathu aylaattilaanu athinte kodumudi. bhooprakrithiyanusarichu, ithu raajyathinte mattu pradeshangalkk samaantharamaayi padinjaaru thaazhnna pradeshangalum madhyabhaagathu kunnukalum kizhakkan athirthiyaayi arava thaazhvarayum undu.
garthangal polulla makhteshim sirkkukal; makhtesh raamon, makhtesh gadol, makhtesh kattan ennivayaanu negev mekhalayude savisheshathakal. negev anchu vyathyastha paaristhithika mekhalakalaayi thirichirikkunnu vadakkan, padinjaaran, madhya negev, uyarnna peedabhoomi, araba thaazhvara. vadakkan negavil prathivarsham mazha labikkukayum phalabhooyishtamaaya mannum undu. padinjaaran negevil prathivarsham mazha labhikkunnu, neriyathum bhagikavumaaya manal mannu. madhya negavil prathivarsham labhikkuna mazhayude savisheshatha abhedyamaaya mannaan, ithu kooduthal mannolipum jalapravahavum ulla jalathinte ettavum kuranja nuzhanjukayattathe anuvadikkunnu. abhedyamaaya marubhoomiyude uparithalathiloode vellam ozhukunnathinaal kanatha mazhakkaalathu ithu apoorva vellappokkathin kaaranamakum. ramat haanegevinte uyarnna peedabhoomi pradesham samudranirappinu idayilum athinu mukalilum venalkkaalathum shaithyakaalathum kadutha thapanilayil nilakollunnu. thaazhnnathum bhagikamaayum uppuvellamullathumaya mannil oro varshavum eee pradeshathu mazha labhikkunnu. jordanian athirthiyilulla araba thaazhvara thekk aylaatt muthal vadakku mrithakkadalinte attam vare vyaapichukidakkunnu, koodaathe prathivarsham mazha kuravaayathinaal valare varandathaanu.
bhoomishaasthram.
israeline kizhakk-padinjaaru theerathu vadakku muthal thekk vare neelunna oru parvathanirakalaal vibhajichirikkunnu. eee malancherivinte mukalilaanu jarusalem sthithicheyyunnathu, athinte kizhakk dedd zee graban sthithicheyyunnu, ithu dedd zee transform foltil oru pull-appart thadamaanu.
israeli parvathanirakalile niravadhi chunnaambukallukalum manalkkall paalikalum padinjaaru bhaagath ninnu kizhakode vellam ozhukunna jalasambharanikalayi pravartthikkunnu. mrithakkadalil niravadhi neeruravakal roopappettittundu, oronnum oyaasis aanu, prathyekichu vaasasthalangal vikasicha ainn geddy, ainn bokek (neveh sohar) ennividangalile oyaasukal. israelil kaarst bhooprakrithiyude niravadhi pradeshangalundu. aayirakkanakkin varshangalayi eee mekhalayile guhakal paarppidam, sambharana murikal, kalappurakal, pothusammelanangal ennivaykkaayi upayogikkunnu.
raajyathinte vidoora vadakkan theerapradeshathu rosh hanikra enna chokku malancherivil kaanapedunna chila chokku bhooprakrithikalundu, athilekku guhakalude oru parambara nasippikkappettu.
bhookamba pravartthanam.
dedd zee transform (dii. ezz. eph) folt systethinullile tectonic chalanangalude falamaanu jordan riftt thaazhvara. padinjaaru aafrikkan plettum kizhakk arabian plettum thammilulla parivartthana athirthiyaanu dii. ezz. eph. gollen uyarangalum jordaanile ellah bhaagangalum arabian plettinte bhagamaanu, athesamayam galeeli, padinjaaran theeram, theeradesha samathalavum, sigey upadveepinoppam negev aafrikkan plettilaanu. eee tectonic swabhaavam eee pradeshathu thaarathamyena uyarnna bhookamba pravarthanatthilekku nayikkunnu.
udaaharanathinu, 749lum 1033lum eee gadanayilundaaya avasaanathe rund valia bhookambangalil jordan thaazhvara bhagam muzhuvan aavarthichu pottitherichathaayi karuthappedunnu. 1033leeii sambhavathin sesham undaaya veezhchayude kuravu ekadesham 7.4 enna bhookambathinu kaaranamakum.
ettavum vinashakaramaaya bhookambangal sambhavichathu bii. sii. 31,363,749,1033 sii. iii. yilaanu, athaayath oro sii. eiii. yilum. sharashari 400 varsham. oro 80 varshathilum gurutharamaaya jeevahaaniyilekku nayikkunna vinashakaramaaya bhookambangal undaakunnu. nilavil karsanamaaya nirmmaana niyanthranangal nilavilundenkilum aduthide nirmmicha gadanakal bhookamba surakshithamaanenkilum, 2007 leeii kanakkanusarichu israelile bhooribhaagam kettidangalum eee niyanthranangalekkaal pazhakkamullavayaayirunnu, koodaathe pala pothu kettidangalum 50,000 residential kettidangalum puthiya maanadandangal palikkunnilla, sakthamaaya bhookambathinu vidheyamaayaal thakarumennu pratheekshichirunnu. middle eest mekhalayile durbalamaaya rashtreeya sahacharyavum pradhana punyasthalangalude saannidhyavum kanakkiledukkumbol, rictor skailil 7 theevrathayil athunna bhookambam loka samaadhaanathin gurutharamaaya prathyaaghaathangal undaakkum.
nadikalum thadaakangalum.
lebanon virudha parvathanirakalile hermon parvathatthinte thekkan charivukalil ninnu uthbhavikkunna jordan nadiyaanu israelile ettavum neelam koodiyathum prashasthavumaya nadhi. galiliyile shudhajala kadaliloode thekkott ozhukunna eee nadhi avide ninnu athinte paathayude bhooribhaagavum jordan rajyavumaayi athirthi undaakkukayum oduvil mritha kadalilekku ozhukukayum cheiyunnu. daan, baniyas, hasbani ennivayaanu jordaanile vadakkan poshakanadikal. daan maathramaan tharkkamillaatha israayelinullilullath; aarr divasathe yudhathil syriayil ninnu pidicheduttha pradeshathu ninnu lebanonil ninnum baniyakalil ninnum hasbani ozhukunnu.
israayelinte vadakkukizhakkan bhaagath sthithi cheiyunna ettavum valuthum pradhaanappettathumaaya shudhajala thadaakamaan galeeli kadal (kinnerettu ennum ariyappedunnu). piyar aakruthiyilulla thadaakathinu vadakku ninnu thekkott neelamundu, vadakku paramavadhi veethiyundu. samudranirappinu thaazheyaan kinnarett sthithicheyyunnathu, samudranirappinte aazhathil athunnu. munkaala bhoomishaasthra yugathil vadakkan israelile hula chathuppukal muthal chaavukadalinte thekk vare vyaapichukidakkunna oru valia ulnaadan kadalinte bhaagamaayirunnu eee thadaakam. thadaakatthinte adithara jordan villal thaazhvarayude bhagamaanu.
israelum jordan thammilulla athirthi roopeekarikkunna uppuvella mrithakkadal kinnattinu thekk sthithicheyyunnu, ithu samudranirappinu thaazheyaan, ithu bhoomiyile ettavum thaazhnna jala uparithalamayi maarunnu. mrithakkadalinu paramavadhi veethiyulla neelavum villal thaazhvarayude bhagavumaanu. oru upadveep kizhakkan theerathu ninnu thadaakathilekku kadakkunnu, athinte thekk aazham kuravaanu, aazham kuravaanu. vadakku bhagathaanu thadaakatthinte ettavum aazham.
israelil gathaagathayogyavum krithrimavumaaya jalapaathakalonnumillenkilum kudivellathinulla oru vazhiyaya deseeya jalavaahinikkappal angane tharamthirikkaam. medittareniyan, dedd sease allengil redu aandu dedd seesine bandhippikkunna oru chaanal enna ashayam charcha cheyyappettittund.
thiranjeduttha uyarangal.
ettavum uyarnna muthal ettavum thaazhnna vareyulla sradheyamaaya sthalangalude thiranjeduttha uyarangal inipparayunnavayaanu
kaalavastha.
dairkhyameriyathum choodullathum mazhayillaathathumaaya venalkkaalavum thaarathamyena hraswavum thanuthathum mazhayullathumaaya shaithyakaalavum (copen kalavastha vargeekaranam "csa") ulla medittareniyan kaalavasthayaanu israayelinullathu. saharayudeyum arabian marubhoomikaludeyum uposhnamekhalaa varalchaykkum levent, kizhakkan medittareniyan ennivayude uposhnamekhalaa eerppathinum edayilulla israayelinte sthaanam moolamaanu kaalavastha atharathilullathu. kaalavastha samsthaanathinullil valare vyathyaasappettirikkunnu, uyaram, akshaamsham, medittareniyan samudrathinte saameepyam enniva anusarichu praadeshikamaayi maattam varuthunnu.
sharashari, januvari ettavum thanuppulla maasamaan, sharashari thaapanila muthal juulai, august maasangalaan raajyathudaneelam sharashari ettavum chooderiya maasangal. medittareniyan theerathu venalkkaalam valare eerppamullathaanenkilum madhya malanirakal, villal thaazhvara, negev marubhoomi ennividangalil varandathaanu. marubhoomi nagaramaya aylaattil, venalkkaala pakal thaapanila palappozhum samsthaanathu ettavum uyarnnathaan, chilappol athu athunnu. israelile sharashari mazhayude 70 sathamaanathiladhikam novemberinum maarchinum idayilaanu; juun muthal septambar vare saadhaaranayaayi mazhayilla. raajyathinte thekk bhaagath mazhayude alavu ganyamaayi kuravaanu, asamamaayi vitharanam cheyyappedunnu. thekk bhaagath, prathivarsham sharashari mazha labhikkunnu; vadakku bhaagath, sharashari vaarshika mazha kavinjirikkunnu. mazha oro seasonilum varsham thorum vyathyaasappedunnu, prathyekichu negev marubhoomiyil. mazha palappozhum akramasakthamaaya kodunkaattukalil kendreekarichirikkunnu, ithu mannolippinum pettennulla vellappokkathinum kaaranamaakunnu. shaithyakaalath, jarusalem ulppedeyulla madhya malambradeshangalude uyarnna pradeshangalil mazha palappozhum manjinte roopamedukkunnu. shaithyakaalathum vasanthakaalathum athinte moonnu kodumudikaleyum moodunna seasonal manju moundu hermoninund. apoorva sandarbhangalil, vadakkan parvathashikharangalilum valare apoorva sandarbhangalil theerathum maathrame manju athukayulloo. prathivarsham labhikkunnathinekkaal kooduthal mazha labhikkuna pradesangalaanu rajyath ettavum kooduthal krishi cheiyunnathu, ithu raajyathinte ekadesham moonnilonnu krishiyogyamaakkunnu.
mazhakkaalathudaneelam idiminnalum aalippazhavum saadhaaranamaanu, idaykkide medittareniyan theerathu vellachattangal athukayum cheria naashanashtangal maathrame undakkaan kazhiyoo. ennirunnaalum, supersel idiminnalum oru yadhaartha eph 2 chuzhalikkattum 2006 eprilil padinjaaran galeeli akramikkukayum ganyamaaya naashanashtangalum 75 parikkukalum undaakkukayum cheythu.
choodu thiramaalakal pathivayi varunnu. 2010 augustil niravadhi sthalangalil record uyarathil israayelinte charithratthile ettavum chooderiya varshamaayirunnu. aagast muthal thaapanila saraashariyekkaal ganyamaayi uyarnnappol choodu kooduthal shakthamayi. october november varandathaayirunnu, november mazha labhikkenda samayat eathaandu mazhayillaathathaayirunnu.
prakrithi vibhavangal.
labhakaramaaya asamskritha ennayaal sambannamaaya middle eesttinte bhooribhaagathilum ninnu vyathyasthamayi, israelinu parimithamaaya prakrithivibhavangalundu. chembu, phosphettukal, bromide, pottash, kalimannu, manal, sulfur, asphaalt, manganese enniva ithil ulppedunnu. cheria alavil prakrithivaathakavum asamskritha ennayum undu, palappozhum vaanijyaparamaaya verthirichedukkalinu yogyamallaatha valare kuravaanu. 2009ll hyphike 90 kilometer padinjaaru tamar 1 offshore drilling saittil prakruthivaathakathinte ganyamaaya shekharam kandethi. israelil ithuvare kandethiyathil vachu ettavum valia prakrithivaathaka shekharamaanithu.
paaristhithika aashankakal.
purathana kaalam muthal aadhunika vikasanam vareyulla prakrithiduranthangal muthal manushyanirmmitha prasnangal vare niravadhi paaristhithika aashankakal israelinu undu. thekkan marubhoomiyil vasanthakaalath chilappol undaakunna manalkkaattukal, venalkkaalath saadhaaranayaayi kendreekarichirikkunna varalcha, avayude sradhayillaayma kaaranam marubhoomiyil valia apakadam srishtikkunna minnal vellapokkam, jordan villal thaazhvarayil israayelinte sthaanam kaaranam sthiramaaya apakadasaadhyathayundengilum pathivayi undaakunna bhookambangal enniva raajyam abhimukeekarikkunna prakrithiduranthangalil ulppedunnu. krishiyogyamaaya bhoomiyudeyum prakrithidatha shudhajala srothassukaludeyum abhaavamaan nilavile paaristhithika aashankakal. marubhoomiyil jalasechanam nadathunnathinum valarunnathinum nadapadikal sweekarichittundengilum ivide aavashyamaaya jalathinte alavu prasnangal srishtikkunnu. marubhoomiyude attathu marubhoomivalkkaranavum oru apakadasaadhyathayaan, athesamayam vyaavasaayika, vahana udvamanangalil ninnulla vaayu malineekaranavum vyaavasaayika, gaarhika maalinyangalil ninnulla bhugarbhajala malineekaranavum raajyam abhimukeekarikkunna prasnangalaanu. koodaathe, raasavalangaludeyum keedanaashinikaludeyum upayogathinte prathyaaghaathangal raajyam abhimukeekarikkunna prasnangalaanu.
israel niravadhi anthaaraashtra paristhithi karaarukalil oppuvachittundu, avayil kakshiyaann
oppuvachenkilum amgeekarikkaathavar
grameena vaasasthalangal.
israayelinte grameena mekhalayil niravadhi savisheshamaaya vaasasthalangal ulppedunnu, prathyekichu moshav, kibuts. yadhaarthathil iva yathaakramam koottaaya, sahakarana settilmentukalaayirunnu. kaalakramena, eee vaasasthalangalile sahakaranathinte alavu kurayukayum avayil palathilum sahakarana ghadana mothatthil thakarukayum cheythu. ellah grameena vaasasthalangalum niravadhi cheria pattanangalum (avayil chilath "rurban settilmentukal" ennu vilikkappedunnu) praadeshika kaunsilukalil ulppeduthiyittundu. israelil 17 sathamaanam krishiyogyamaaya bhoomiyum 4 sathamaanam sthiramaaya vilakalum 79 sathamaanam mattu upayogangalumaanu upayogikkunnathu. 2003 vare jalasechanam nadathiyirunnu.
vestt baankil 242 israeli vaasasthalangalum sivilian bhoopradesha upayoga sthalangalum gollen uyarangalil 42 umm kizhakkan jarusalemil 29 umm undu.
dveepukal.
israayelinte athirthi jalathinullil rosh hanikra dveepukalum achsive dveepukalum undu. israayelinte sthalakkuravinulla marupadiyaayi oru vimaanathaavalam, oru thuramukham, oru desalination plaant, oru power plaant, oru sainika parisodhanaa kendram enniva sthaapikkunnathinaayi theerathu krithrima dveepukal nirmmikkaan israel sarkkar padhathiyidunnu.
manushya bhoomishaasthram.
2013leeii kanakkanusarichu israelile janasamkhya 8 dasalakshamaanu, athil 6,015,000 joothanmaaraanu.
sthithivivarakkanakku aavasyangalkkaayi, raajyathin moonnu metropolittan pradeshangalundu; gush daan-tell avivu (janasamkhya <aii. dii. 1>), haifa (janasamkhya 996,000), birsheba (janasamkhya 531,600). 763, 600 janasamkhyayulla israelile ettavum valia nagaramaya jarusalemineyum nazarathineyum metropolittan pradesangalaayi tharamthirikkanamennu chilar vaadikkunnu. mothatthil, israelil 74 nagarangalundu, athil 14 ennam 100,000-ladhikam janasamkhyayullavayaanu. israelile mattu praadeshika gavanmentukalude roopangal praadeshika kaunsilukalaanu, athil 144 ennam cheria munisippaalittikal niyanthrikkunnu, saadhaaranayaayi 2,000-ladhikam janasamkhyayullavayum 53 ennam praadeshika kaunsilukalumaanu, thaarathamyena valia bhoomishaasthraparamaaya pradeshathu cheria samoohangalude oru koottatthe niyanthrikkunnu.
israelile janasamkhya janasamkhyaaparamaayi vaividhyapoornamaanu; 76 sathamaanam juthanmaarum 20 sathamaanam arabikalum 4 sathamaanam affiliate cheythittillaathavarumaanu. mathatthinte kaaryatthil 76 sathamaanam juthanmaarum 16 sathamaanam musleengalum 2 sathamaanam kristhyaanikalum 2 sathamaanam druze 4 sathamaanam perr thiranjedukkaan kazhiyaathavarumaan. israeli joothanmaaril 8 sathamaanam harediyum 9 sathamaanam "matha" vum 12 sathamaanam "matha-paarambaryavaadikalum" 27 sathamaanam "mathaparamallaatha paarambaryavaadikalum" 43 sathamaanam "mathethara" vum aanu. israelile mattu cheruthum ennaal sradheyavumaaya grouppukalil syrcassianmaarum avaril ekadesham 3,000 perr kooduthalum rund vadakkan gramangalil thaamasikkunnu, 2,500 lebanakkarum 5,000 armeniyakkaarum pradhaanamaayum jarusalemil thaamasikkunnu.
ovarshoottu soochika.
dairkhyameriyathum choodullathum mazhayillaathathumaaya venalkkaalavum thaarathamyena hraswavum thanuthathum mazhayullathumaaya shaithyakaalavum ulla janasamkhya saandrathayude kaaryatthil israel lokath 34-aamm sthaanathaanu. 2011 leeii janasamkhyaa soochika prakaram singapur kuvaittum kazhinjaal lokathile ettavum aasrayikkunna moonnaamathe pradesamaanu israel.

