
ghiyorge eiii. lessery-lessery

ghiyorge eiii. laseranu-lasooricha allengil jorjju lasooricha, lazerezku-lasooricha allengil lasericha ennum ariyappedunnu (1892-?), romaniayile roman (jipsy) samoohathinte neethaavaayirunnu, romaniayude yudhaanthara theevra valathupakshathe pinthunachathinum addeham oormmikkappedunnu. yadhaarthathil oru samgeethajnjanum aupachaarikamaayi pariseelanam labhicha samrambhakan, swaamsheekaricha pashchaathalatthil ninnullayalumaaya addeham onnaam lokamahaayudhathil roman karasenaykkoppam sevanamanushtikkumbol thante vamseeya verukalekkurichu bodhavanaayi. roman prameya saahithyathinte thudakkakkaranaaya addeham 1933-ll romaniayile jipsimaarude pothu samghadanayil sajeevamaayengilum athe varsham thanne romaniyayil romayude (oduvil kooduthal sakthamaaya) pothu union sthaapikkunnathinaayi pirinju. 1933 septambar muthal 1934 meyy vare, vividha praadeshika gothrangal amgeekaricha "jipsimaarude shabdaprasthaana" vum lasurica aayirunnu. jipsy" enna vamseeya padaviyumaayi adhehavum anuyaayikalum viyojikkukayum nikkola konstaantin batsaariya aadyam nirddeshicha "romanikal" upayogikkaan abhyarthikkukayum cheythu. janangalude itihaasa poorvvikare paraamarshikkunnathinaayi lasuricha thanne "sgripti" enna padam avatharippikkan shramichu.
roman rashtreeya pratheekathmakatha kandupidichathinte bahumati nedukayum lokamembaadumulla oru gotra swathuam abhyarthikkukayum cheythathil sradheyanaayirunnuvenkum, lasurica anuyaayikalum roman deseeyavaada pravarthanangalil ninnu vittunilkkukayum saamoohika parishkaranatthil shradha kendreekarikkaan ishtappedukayum mukhyadharaa roman samoohavumaayulla oru paridhivare samyojanam sweekarikkukayum cheythu. pothu union roman oorthadoox sabhayumaayi sahakarichu, athu sthirathaamasamaakkaan sahaayicha naadodikalkkidayil kristhumatham vyaapippikkukayum roman greak katholikkarumaayi snaapanathinaayi malsarikkukayum cheythu. 1933 muthal, lasooricha thante roman swathuathe roman deseeyathayumaayum oduvil faasisavumaayum samyojippichu addeham deseeya kaarshika partic vendi pracharanam nadathukayum irumbu kaavalkkaarumaayi bandham nilanirthukayum cheythu, athesamayam adolph hitlare thante pothu vyakthithvathil anukarichuvennu aaropikkappedunnu. 1934ll oru akramasakthamaaya samgharshathethudarnnu roman vamshathil pettayaalaanennu nishedhikkaan addeham nirbandhithanaayathine thudarnnu addehathe general union paarshwavalkkarichu. 
lasooricha taamasiyaathe pinmaarukayum mattu padhathikalil earppedukayum cheythu, addeham britiish rajilekku oru gaveshana yaatra aasoothranam cheiyukayaanennu reportukal soochippikkunnu, allengil addeham svayam roman romanmaarude "president" aayi prakhyaapichu. addeham appozhum thante raashtreeyathin pinthuna samaharikkaan sramikkukayum 1937ll romaniayile sittisans association oof romayude nethaavaakukayum cheythu. eee puthiya samgham kooduthal vyakthamaayi theevra valathupakshavum, yahoodavirudhavum, swaamsheekaranavaadiyumaayirunnu, romankareyum romankareyum "pankitta vidhiyude" aalukalayi kaanukayum videshikal thulyamaayi bheeshanippeduthukayum cheythu; mattu romanmaarumaayi oru vipulamaaya tharkkavum thudarnnu, koodaathe lasooricha ulppedeyulla roman idathu-vingarmaarum oru marana thattippin irayaayi. 1938 aayappozhekkum, association phaasist naashanal kristhyan party parasyamaayi pinthunaykkukayaayirunnu, athil lasuric thanne amgamaayi. thante kariyarinte avasaanakhattangalil, louricha yaadhaasthithikathayude vimarsakanaayi, athinte muun adima udamasthathayilulla sanbradaayangalekkurichu report cheyyukayum thaan catholica mathathilekku parivartthanam cheythuvennu samshayam prakadippikkukayum cheythu. randaam lokamahaayudhathinte thudakkathil, romaniayude athirthikalil romanikale kolanivalkkarikkaan addeham nirddeshichu.
pravartthanangal.
prashasthiyilekku uyaruka.
1892 ll ghiyorge lazarescu enna peril janicha bhaaviyile aaktivist roman samoohathile samgeethajnjarude gothrathil pettayalayirunnu, allengil "lutari"; 1934 leeii oru report soochippikkunnathu addeham ippozhum oru mikacha kalakaaranaayirunnu ennaanu. chilappol "misttar" ennu vilikkunnu. abhibhaashakan paranju, "addeham vaasthavathil bucharasttile hier komezhsyal schoolil ninnu birudam nediyirunnu, 1933 aayappozhekkum athe nagaratthil swantham forestry warehouse nadathukayaayirunnu. roman ezhuthukaaranaaya sezar petrescu report cheythathupole, "avarude uthbhavam marannupoya aalukalude makan" enna nilayil addeham thante vamsheeyathaye aadyam thallikkalanjirunnu."onnaam lokamahaayudhathinte prachaaranatthilekku addehathe niyogikkukayum vadakkan dobrujayile toprisoril addeham pravartthanam kaanukayum cheythu. murivettathum kuzhikalil maricha nilayil upekshikkappettathum ", addehathe" jambalagiu "jipsy ayoni ghiyorge avide ninnu uyarthukayum valichizhaykkukayum cheythu, appozhum avideyum, mesheen gann vedivayppil, thante inathinte rakshaykkaayi thante jeevitam samarppikkumenn addeham prathinjja cheythu."1934-leeii oru prasamgatthil" "jipsy vamshajaraaya pothu vyakthikal avarude vamshathil urachunilkkanamenn" "ahvaanam cheytha addeham," "randulakshathiladhikam" "roman sivil sarveesukaarundennu avakashappettu," "uyarnna raankilulla udyogasthar, sainika udyogasthar, mattu ariyappedunna budhijeevikal, nalla sthaanangal vahichavar, ippol roman ennu vilikkappedunnu".
yoonivezhsal", "adevarul" enniva prasidheekaricha oru pathrapravartthakanenna nilayilaayirunnu lasoorichayude pradhana pravartthanam, addeham kavitayum sambhavana cheythuvenkilum-1936 ll "aas esttu" pathram addehathe "oru mikacha jipsy kavi" ennu vilichu. drepteshya" colomist "sradheyamaaya kazhivulla raconture" ennu visheshippicha addeham niravadhi "roma charitra novalukal" ezhuthukayum prasidheekarikkukayum cheythu. lasooricha ippozhum roman bhasha upayogichirunnuvenkilum ippol roman paithrukathil thante abhimaanam prakadippikkukayum 1930 nuu sesham kurachu samayathinu sesham thante peru hyphenated roopathilekku maattukayum cheythu, "lasooricha" addehathinte roman bhasha pole thonni (saamoohyashaasthranjanaaya ayoon duminica report cheythathupole, ithu yadhaarthathil addehathinte roman muthachan upayogichirunna oru vilipperaayirunnu). checoslovakianaaya romaniyaaya marta ghiyorge vivaham kazhichu. avarude vamseeya uthbhavam, 5 bhashakalil praaveenyam ulla avakaashavaadam, stenographer enna nilayilulla yogyatha enniva ozhikeyulla avarude pashchaathalathekkurichu valarekkurache ariyoo.
lasoorichayude jeevithavum currier oru roman rashtreeya cocus srishtikkaanulla aadyakaala sramangalumaayi poruthappettu. eee dishayilekkulla aadya chuvadukal 1919-ll transylvaniayil sambhavichu, athu romaniyayumaayi onnikkunna prakriyayilaayirunnu. "kooduthal avakashangalum kooduthal roman raajyangalile roman janathayude nischalaavasthayum aavashyappedunna "jipsy othucheralukal", sajeevamaayi pankedutthavaril chilar polum pinneedu yudhathil charcha cheiyunnathil ninnu vittuninnathinaal pothujanangal marannu. roman janataye oru rashtreeya samghadanayaayi samghadippikkunnathinulla aadyathe rekhaamoolamulla sramam 1926 ll "jipsy vamshajaraaya oru sambanna karshakan" lazar nafthanyl (allengil naftanoila) calberine kendreekarichulla oru navaa-rastik saahodaryam sthaapichappol nadannu. τιgani" ("" jipsy "," "" athinganoi "") ennathinu pakaram mattoru vamsheeyanaamam srishtikkunnathinaayi vaadikkunna aadya pravartthakaril oraalaayirunnu naftanaila, koodaathe "" neo-rustics "" allengil "" puthiya karshakar "", vivechanarahithamaaya badalaayi adichelppikkaan shramichu ".
adutha varsham, oru "lutari" syndicate, "junemia myoosikkal", ilfov kaundiyil rajistreshanaayi apekshichu. 1933 eprilil roman oorthadoox sabhayude purohithanaaya calinic serboyanu anaudyogikamaayi roopeekaricha romaniayile (aggar) jipsikalude valare valia pothu associationte kendramaayi ithu maari. meyy 21 leeii oru warta kolatthil aggar general sekrattariyaayi paraamarshikkappedunna lasurica "pravarthanangalkku maathram utharavaaditham" ullathayi kaanapedunnu. eee bhagam "associationte ellah suhruthukkaleyum" hangarian iredentisathinethiraaya "saarvathrika" prathishedhathinaayi aninirakkaan aavashyappedunnu, angane jipsikal nalla romankaaraanennu theliyikkaan, [avar] avarude maathrraajyathodu samarppitharaan."thudarnnu," "adeverul littarar sii aartistik" "serboyanu enna pusthakathekkurichulla lasurichayude avalokanam avatharippichu". akkaalat, serboyanu oru romani ithara (allengil "gadjo") aayathil addeham oru prashnavum eduthilla, "uyarnna jipsy bhashayil" samsaarikkanulla addehathinte kazhivine prashamsichu. lasurica romaniayile motham romaanikalude ennam 800,000 aayi kanakkaakkukayum athu pakuthiyil thaazhe aanennu kanakkaakkiyathin rachayithaavine shaasikkukayum cheythu; ennirunnaalum, "nammude jipsy nyoonapakshangal thaddesheeya janasamkhyayilekku valareyadhikam swaamsheekarikkappettathil athinu athinte bhashayum aachaarangalum nashtappedaan pookunnu." 
yadhaarthathil "jipsy" activism valarthiyedukkaanulla serboyanu shramathinte bhaagamaayirunnu aggar vazhi lasoorichayude induction. charitrakaaranaaya petre maattey parayunnathanusarichu, "serboyanu oru jipsy allengilum, thaan samghadippikkaan pratheekshicha aalukalude vishwaasam nedaan aagrahichathinaal thaan oru jipsy aanennu nadichathaayi prakhyaapichu. jii. yumayullah aadya koodikkazhchayil. eiii. vaasthavathil, [avan] jipsy oru anubhaavi adhikam nadichu cheythilla."lasurica ghiyorge nicolescuvum (allengil nikkulesku) agra theevravaadikalaayum taamasiyaathe vibhageeya nethaakkalaayum rekhappeduthiyittundu; avar thammilulla bhinnatha krithyamaayi athe varsham septambarilaanu. ethnologist gabriela bongiyu report cheythathupole, ithu serboyyanuvum agrathinte "pradhana nethaakkaliloraalaaya" lasurica thammilulla kalahathinte kodumudiyaayirunnu. eee samghadanakalilonninte adhyakshatha vahikkunnath serboyanu thudarnnu, athu ippozhum agram enna thalakkett upayogichirunnu. athinte amgathvathinte bhooribhaagavum lasoorichayude kooduthal mathsaraadhishtithamaaya romayile (ugrr) general union ulkkollunnu. bucharasttile sarbeyaska streettile lasoorikkayude single room appaartmentil ninnaan ithu pravarthippichathu, koodaathe addehathinte bhaarya marta vanita vibhaagathinte vais presidentaayi ulppeduthi.
aadyathe kongrass.
bowangiu kandathupole, lasooricha "roma vamsheeyathayude associationist prathibhaasathinu pradhaanamaayirunnathupole thanne oru vichithra vyakthiyaayirunnu."roman jipsimaarude general union ennum ariyappedunna lasoorikkayude samgham october 8 nuu mosilorinte ettavum aduthulla ileana haalil kongras nadatthi. vividha grouppukal thammilulla eee ettumuttal (brailayile community ulppede, petre basno prathinidheekarikkunnu) pankitta aashankakalekkurichulla paraathikal pracharippichu. eee pattikayil thozhilillaayma ulppedunnu, ithinu lasooricha "aadunikatha" yeyum roman kalakalodum karakaushalavasthukkalodum ulla avaganana kuttappedutthi, mathramalla kshayarogathinteyum gotra samoohangalile laingikamaayi pakaruna anubaadhakaludeyum praadeshika swabhaavavum ulppedunnu. roman police thante kongras nadatthaan anuvadichathil lasooricha nandiyullavanaayirunnu, prefect gavrila maarineskuvinte sahishnuthaye prashamsichu.
thudarnnu, serboyanu pinvalikkappettuvennu lasooricha aropanangal unnayichu; kongrasil mattoru purohithanaaya dionysi lunkuvinte prabhashanam ulppeduthi. eee rashtreeya arangettavum anubandha kumbhakonangalum "vesilia" enna humour magazin report cheythu "doctormar, enchineeyar professormar, vidyaarthikal ennivaril pole valare manyaraaya budhijeevikal uyarnnuvannittund, avarude uthbhavathekkurich purathuvannirikkunnathu avarude bandhukkale mechappeduthaanulla avasarathil ninnu maathramaan. pinne, athupole thanne, 'medhaavikal' aadyam parasparam ozhivaakkikkond jipsikale onnippikkanulla pravartthanam aarambikkunnu. cheyyaan oru jipsy kaaryam!"kongrasil pankedutthavaril oraalaayirunnu kavi okdaaviyan gogayude adhyakshathayilulla valathupaksha roman deseeyavaada grouppaaya naashanal agrierian party (pna) amgamaaya ilii radulesku. rodulescu oru roman vamshajanaanennu aaropikkappedunnu, pakshe aaa vastutha pracharippikkaruthenn lasuricayode aavasyappettu; ennirunnaalum, randaamathethu, roman aayirikkunnathil lajjayillenn maadyamangalodu prashamsichu, kaaranam ithu oraalude "aaryan vamsha" thinodu chernnathaanennu saadhookarikkunnu.
novemberil, lasurica roman niyamaprakaaram oru niyamaparamaaya vyakthiyayi amgeekarikkappedaan ugrrinaayi apekshichu, ennaal athinte sthaapaka amgangalil aarr perr onnukil saangalppika vilaasangalil rajisttar cheythittundenno allengil criminal recordukal undenno ulla velippeduthalukalude adisthaanathil eee prakriya nischalamaayi. gaveshakayaaya elona klimova-alexander ezhuthunnathu, "raajyathudaneelam sanjarichu, praadeshika shaakhakal sthaapikkukayum kendravumaayulla avarude bandhathinu oonnal nalkukayum cheythukondu, serboyanu padhathikal" hijack "cheyyaan lasuricaykku kazhinjuvennu; addeham sarvakalashaalakal sandarshikkukayum roman vidyaarthikale pankedukkaan prerippikkukayum cheythu."romaniayile romanmaarude aadya assembly ennu avakaashappedunna eee cocus lasurica athinte" "voivode" "aayi prakhyaapichu; serboyanu paarshwalkkarikkappettu, kooduthalum transylvania aasthaanamaayulla addehathinte anuyaayikale ugar meettingil pankedukkunnathil ninnu vilakki". "vesilia" report cheiyunnathu, "ippol thante anjjaathathayil ninnu gusthi nadatthiya oru mithamaaya jipsy" aaya naafttanail, ugar kongrasile oru prathinidhiyaayirunnu-mathramalla addeham oru saashinaayi romanian trivarnna pathaaka dharichu serboyyanuvinoppam svayam photoyeduthathaayum ".
1934 joolaiyil, yuu. jii. aarr. aarr. tarnawa-mye kaundiyile serboyanu thottatthil praveshichu, swaathanthryameghalayile oru uthsavathode athintethaaya adhyayam aarambhichu. octoberil union jipsimaarude oru anthaaraashtra kongras samghadippichu. bucharasttile roman praanthapradeshangalilonnil thuranna sthalathu nadanna eee paripadi "lokathinte jipsikal onnikkuka" enna mudraavaakyam upayogichathayi reportund, ellah naadodikalodum "vamshabodhavum susthiravumaaya oru samoohamaayi svayam samghadippikkaan" ahvaanam cheythu."roman samooham" "deseeya anthassinte" "yugathilekku praveshichathaayi athinte samghaadakar vaagdaanam cheythu". bhaaviyile eathu anthaaraashtra yogathilum general unione prathinideekarikkaanulla chumatala lasuricaykku nalki. adhehavum serboyyanuvum 1935 aayappozhekkum ariyappedunna eaka roman ezhuthukaaranaayi addehathe amgeekaricha jipsy lore sosaittiyile amgangalaayirunnu.
charitrakaaranaaya viorel achim "romaantik saahithyathodulla" lasoorichayude kadangal eduthukaanikkunnu, ithu addehathinte "voyovode" upayogathil prathifalikkunnu. bulibasa", "wataf" ennivayulppede cheriyavarkk munganana nalkiyirunna romaniayile oru roman gothranethavum eee padavi orikkalum avakashappettitla. poornnamaayum padinjaaran europian verthirichedukkalinte oru "romaantik kettukatha" lasuricha sweekarichu ennu karuthunna gaveshakar danielle diaconuvum sylvieu kostaachiyum ithu vaadikkunnu. transylvania romakkarum romakkarum adhivasikkunna mattu pradeshangalum ulkkollunna uyarnna madhyakala rajyamaaya hangariyile vividha jipsy gothranethaakkalkk eee thalakkettinte vakabhedangal prathyakshappettirunnu. nikuthi pirivum judicial voyivodukalum hangarian pingamikalaaya samsthaanangalil veendum prathyakshappettu 1541-ll kizhakkan hangarian saamraajyathil oru "vevoda siganoram" srishtikkappedukayum pinneedu transylvania principality samrakshikkukayum cheythu. 1557ll ithu gadjo ferenk baladfiyilekku pookukayum 1600ll maatti bihari pidichedukkukayum cheythu. lugos nirodhanam eee padavi samrakshikkukayum lazar oof carancebs (1572), nikkola phesa (1645) thudangiya udamakalkkoppam athu nilanirthukayum cheythu. 
18-aamm noottaandil prabudhamaaya samboornnathayude kaalaghattatthil atharam offeesukal shudheekarichuvenkilum soreni kaundi (1699) polulla sthalangalil habsburg rajavaazhcha eee aacharam hrasvamaayi anukarichu. 1800 nuu thottumunbu, habsburg transylvaniayil, ayoon budai-delun thante mookk-eppikkaaya "tiganiada" yill jipsy voyovadukaleyum tandler aakaan agrahikkunnavar ulppedeyulla prabhukkanmareyum avatharippichu. principaalittiyude chila bhaagangalil "svarnnam kazhukunna jipsikal"kkayi oru yadhaartha voivoddoship punarujjeevippikkappedu, pakshe 1832 vare maathram. 1900 aayappozhekkum, klujinu chuttumulla roman naadodikkadhakalil oru "jipsy voyivodinte" nilanilpp oru prakadana pravartthanamaayi saakshyappeduthi aaa aparanamam upayogicha oru roman grama rahasyangalude sookshippukaaranum athinte paapangalude aachaaraparamaaya kuttaaropithanum aayirunnu. 1925 eprilil, "klujul romanesk" pathram report cheythathu "amerikkayile jipsimaarude puthiya voyvode frank michelaanu, addehathinte poorvvikan oru roman jipsy aayirunnu."
1930kalile voivodal paraamarshangal "jipsy neethrthwathinte romaantik pathipp" unarthunnathinum ugrr amgangalil ninnu "fudal" vishwasthathaykku aajnaapikkunnathinum uddeshichullathaanennu pandithayaya mihela mudure abhipraayappedunnu; avar vaadikkunnu, "janaadhipathya reethikal" valare parimithamaayirunnu."28 anga executive kammitti boonoo anukoolamaayi pravartthikkumbol, luceric, ugrr acting president enna nilayil, addehathinte ellah chelavukalkkum nirupaadhikamaaya refund labhichu. samoohathile vishishtaraaya amgangalumaayi lasooricha svayam chuttinadannu vayalinist grigoras dinikku addehathe oonarari chairmaanaayi sahayichu, ennirunnaalum addeham thudakkathil swantham niyamanathe athirthirunnu; charithrakaaran jorjju potra samgeethajnjan dii. panaitsku ugrr kammittiyile amgangalaayirunnu. bezarabiyayil evideyo" thamasikkunna, thiranjedukkunnathinu krithyasamayathu kandethaan kazhiyaatha "bulibasa" ykku lasooricha oru oofar nalki. voyvode thaazhethattil praathinidhyam vardhippikkukayum, sthreekalude pankaalittham prothsaahippikkunna aadyathe roman nethaavaayi maarukayum, avar yuu. jii. aarr. aarinullil svanthamaayi corps roopeekarikkukayum cheythu. lasurica ippol oru dashalakshathiladhikam roman vamshajarude nethaavaanennu avakaashappedunnu, ithu orupakshe grettar romaniyayil nilavilulla roman vamshajarude erattiyaayirikkaam. 
voyivodinte niyamasaadhuthaye appozhum mattu roman grouppukal athirthirunnu, ennirunnaalum, eee samghadanakalude ajanda eathaandu onnuthanneyayirunnuvennu mudra parayunnu. jipsikalkku vidyaabhyaasa avasarangal srishtikkunnathilum kshema aanukoolyangal nalkunnathilum naadodi jipsikale paarppikkunnathilum maadhyamangalile jipsikalude prathichaaya mechappeduthunnathilum avarkk thaalpparyamundaayirunnu."rashtreeya padaavaliyil chila pradhana vyathyaasangalundengilum rund sthaapanangalkkum phalatthil samanamaaya charterukal undaayirunnu. ooltteniyayil, ooral manolescu-dolginte neethrthwathilulla moonnaamathe samgham, adiyanthira lakshyangal pinthudarunnathil rund deseeya samghadanakalumaayum sahakarichu. svayam "voyovode" ennu visheshippicha manolescu-dolj, addehathinte sahasthaapakanaaya konstaantin ezz. yuu. jii. aarr. aarr. yodu chernnu aninirannu. nicolescu-plopper, yooniyante pathramaya "ooo roome" ennathinu vendi roman puraanangalude oru corpus prasidheekarichu.
ekeekaranavum deseeyathayum.
amgangaleyum purathuninnullavareyum "tiganiye" marikadannu "romi" ("romanikal") upayogikkaan bodhyappeduthuka ennathaayirunnu yujiaarinte pradhana lakshyangalilonn, athu avahelanaparamaayi kanakkakki. 1933leeii kongrasineyum athinte anantharafalangaleyum kurichulla warta reportukal eee padam upayogichuvenkilum palappozhum udharani adayaalangalil ithu "roman pothujanabhipraayam poornnamaayum amgeekarichilla" ennu soochippikkunnu."lasooricha thanne" "manushyan" "ennathinekkaal" "swaathanthryathe snehikkunna manushyan" "ennarthamulla navabhashaavidhaanam vipuleekarikkukayum athinu" "raamaayana" "maayi vyuthpathi bandhamundennu avakaashappedukayum cheythu". mettey vaadichathupole, serboyyaanuvumaayulla bandhatthil "τιgani" oru endonymaayi upayogikkunnathil addehathinu athirppillaayirunnu, koodaathe svayam oru "jipsy" ennu visheshippikkunna niravadhi rekhaamoolamulla prasthavanakal addeham nalkiyirunnu. adevaroolile roman head edittaraaya nikkola konsttanttin baatsaariyayaanu puthiya padam thanikk nirddeshichathennu maattey abhipraayappedunnu. 1933 septambar 5 leeii thante kolatthil, batsaariya "romi" yeei aadhikaarikavum abhikaamyavumaanennu vaadichukondu parokshamaayi nindyavum shathruthaaparavumaaya padam upayogichathinu serboyyaanuvine vimarshichirunnu. lasuricayude "romi" yude aadyathe rekhaamoolamulla upayogam 1933 octoberil mettey rekhappeduthiyittundu, ithu serboyanukkethiraaya baattsaariyayude akramanam aavarthikkunna oru maanifestoyil parayunnu. eee padatthodulla addehathinte puthumukhamaaya aadarav kooduthal muthirnna aaktivist naftanaila velluvilikkukayum 1934 aayappozhekkum "tigani" enna padavumaayi anurajanam nadathukayum thante ethiraaliyaaya pathramaya "neemul thigens" enna peril athu upayogikkukayum cheythu. ennirunnaalum transylvaniayile ugrar shaakhayude nethaavaayum naftanaila paraamarshichirunnu.
"drepteshya", idathu chaayvulla deseeya karshaka party oru samghadana enna nilayil, lasoorikkayudeyum serboyan swathwa raashtreeyathekkurich oru nalla avalokanam nalkki "jipsy 'yude' vamseeya abhimaanam 'prashamsaneeyamaaya oru manashaasthraparamaaya chikilsayaanu, ithu anyayamaaya bhoothakaalam, peedanavum daaridryavum moolamundaakunna murivukal adaykkaanum sukhappeduthaanum sahayikkunnu."pothuve, lasoorikkaykkum anuyaayikalum praadhamikamaayi saamskaarika, athmeeya, prathyekichu saamoohika lakshyangalil thaalpparyamundaayirunnu, avaa roman desheeyathayude pradarshanangalekkaal munganana nedi; charitrakaaranmaar ugar enna kaazhchappaadine saamoohika ekeekaranavum saamskaarika vighadanavaadavum kalarthunnathaanennu visheshippikkunnu. lutari" yude kuthakayaal vyapaaram nadathaamenna pratheekshayil "videsha" roman oorkkastrakal rajyath avatharippikkunnathil ninnu nirodhikkan addeham roman anthaaraashtravaadathil ninnu akalam paalichu. ugrr banner romaniayude ankikk sameepam samrakshikkanum prolsaahippikkaanum aagrahikkunna roman vyaapaarangalude chinnangal pradharshippichu; kuranjathu 36 mattu baanarukalenkilum nilavilundaayirunnu, oronnum oru ugrr affiliate groupine prathinidheekarikkunnu. romanmaarude deseeya pathaaka srishtikkaanulla nirddeshangal amgeekarikkappettu. charitrakaaranaaya iyaan hancock avakaashappedunnathu ithu thirascheenamaaya oru dvivarnnamaayirunnuvennum nilavile roman pathaakayude mungamiyaayirunnuvennum aanu. ennirunnaalum, eee vyaakhyaanam ippozhum tharkkathilaanu.
maranam vare" roman bharanakoodatheyum athinte rajakkanmareyum samooham samrakshikkumennu ugarinte pathramaya "glassul romiller" prakhyaapichu. njangalude sahodaran roma [nii] yill njangal orikkalum rajyadrohiye kandethiyitla."thudarnnulla lekhanangal" "daivam, rajaavu, raajyam ennee moonnu vyapakamaaya vishayangalil shradha kendreekarichu". thangalude paripaadiyil, union "vibhaagangale" mathaparivarthanam cheiyunnathinethire roman yaadhaasthithika sabhaye pinthunaykkumennu prathijnjayedukkukayum dormission festtil (august 15, ugar oru "deseeya dinamaayi" thiranjedutthu) roman ghoshayaathrakalkk melnottam vahikkumennu vaagdaanam cheyyukayum cheythu. mattu pothu prasthavanakal eee lakshyathe mandeebhavippichu, lasooricha thante anuyaayikalkk aaraadhanayude swaathanthryam labhikkumenn urappu nalki. klimova-alexander soochippichathupole, thante samoohathe audyogika yaadhaasthithikathayude anubandhamaakki maattaan aagrahikkunnuvennu mattu romanmar voyovodine prakopithamaayi kuttappedutthi; vaasthavathil, addehathinu "sabhayude pinthunayum vibhavangalum swantham samaaharana lakshyangal munnott kondupokaan upayogikkaamaayirunnu."
1934 februvari 6 nuu lasoorichaykku oru missionary card nalki, athu addeham thante ideayi upayogichu, prathyekichu 1934 octoberil hunedora kaundiyilekkulla yaathrakalil. ugar vangiya bhoomiyil chila naadodikale sthirathaamasamaakkaan addehathinu kazhinju, snapanathinum palli vivahathinum vidheyaraakkaanum avare prerippichu, koodaathe thozhilaallikalude sahakarana, romani staaf schoolukalum sthaapichu. yaadhaasthithikathayumaayi adutha bandham undaayirunnittum, roman greak catholica sabhayude prathinidhiyaanennu yugrarine serboyanu pathivayi aaropikkukayum cheythirunnu. roman catholica" thhe amgeekarikkunna oru catholica anukooliyaanennu svayam samshayichirunna serboyanuk yaadhaasthithika pinthuna nashtappettirunnu, ithu sabhayude audyogika pathrangalil ugar maanifesttokal achadikkaan anuvadichu. 1933 leeii addehathinte kongrassinaayi sabha dhanasahayavum nalki.
ithinakam 1933-ll, paashchaathya pathrangalile abhipraayangal lasurica oru ardha-phaasist, adolph hitlarude "asaadhaaranamaaya nalla almaratom" ennu visheshippichu. roman rajyangal "ellah theevravaada paarttikalil ninnum akannunilkkukayum" "raashtreeyamaayi chericheraatthava" aayi thudarukayum cheiyumennu prograam vaagdaanam cheythappol, praayogikamaayi ugar faasisttukal ulppedeyulla roman desheeyathayude theevra valathupakshavumayi adutha bandhamullathaayirunnu. grouppinte aadya kongrasil irumbu kaavalkkaarile 20 amgangal pankedutthathaayi reportund. voyovode gaardinte "kyapttan" cornelliu selia kodriyanuvum thammilulla kathidapaadinekkurichu roman police report cheythu, athesamayam lasurica prefect maarineskuvil ninnu pinthuna nediyathaayum addeham abhiprayappettu.
roman desheeyavaadikal yahoodavirudhathayiloode svayam nirvachichathinaal" romaniayile yudhathinte theevra valathupakshathinu romania virudhathaykku oru praadhaanyavumillennu maatti nirddeshikkunnu. addeham soochippikkunnathu pole, akkaalathe roman valathupaksha radicalukal oresamayam yahoodavirudharum romani anukoolikalumaayirikkaam. kodriyu vyakthiparamayi general unione pinthunaykkumennu vaagdaanam cheyyukayum serboyyaanuvine ottappeduthaan sahayikkukayum cheythu. thudarnnu ugrr codrian neey ayonesku, pamphil seikaru ennivayulppede theevra valathupakshathulla mattu vyakthikalkkum oonarari amgathvam nalki. ennirunnaalum, ezhuthukaaraaya adrian maniyu, mihay ticken rumano ennivarulppedeyulla arashtreeya vyakthikalkkum samanamaaya bahumathikal nalkappettu.
ugrar athinte athiraalikalum roman partykalkku vottu cheiyunnathinaayi pracharanam nadathunnathil thulyamaayi earppettirunnu. 1933 leeii pothutheranjeduppinu maasangalkk munbu, gogayude pnaude ejantaayirunnu lasurica, roman janathaykku avarude sthaanaarthikalkku vottu cheyyaan nirddesham nalki. lasurica gogayude upakaranamaanenna avakaashavaadangal pracharippichukondu atharam sambhavavikasangal aggar shradhichu. athaakatte, greak catholica mathaparivartthanathinte aaropanathe aggar ennathilekku thanne vyathichalippichukond, lasurica serboyyaanuvine yaadhaasthithikathayude vishwaasathyaagiyaayi chithreekarichu. ennirunnaalum, yadhaartha votteduppinte samayat, addeham thanne paksham maarukayum kooduthal mukhyadharaa deseeya liberal party thiranjedukkukayum ellah romankarodum angane thanne cheyyaan aavasyappedukayum cheythu. pradhaanamantri ayoon jiykk pinthuna prakadippikkunna oru ugrr prathinidhi samghathe nayikkaan lasurica niyamichu. duca, athesamayam romanmaarude aavasyangalodu anukoolamaayi prathikarikkaan addehathodu sammarddam cheluthunnu. athe samayam, manolescu-dolj anuyaayikalum mattoru paatha sweekarikkukayum jorjist liberalukalkkaayi pracharanam nadathukayum cheythu. mudur vaayichathupole, eee thanthrangal ardhamaakkunnathu "jipsimarkkulla anukoolamaaya pravartthana nayangalkk pakaramaayi chila mukhyadharaa roman raashtreeyakkaarkk jipsy vottinte pinthuna vaagdaanam cheyyuka" ennaanu."
puratthaakkukayum thirichethukayum cheyyuka.
1934 maarchil europile romayude kalayudeyum samskaarathinteyum utsavamaaya bucharasttile oomniya sinimayil lasurica samghadippichu, avide addeham thanne "europil romayude uthbhavam, charithram, kudiyettam" ennivayekkurichu prabhashanam nadatthi. transylvaniayile romanikale yaadhaasthithika sabhayilekku konduvarunnathinulla oru valia sramamaayirunnu general unionile addehathinte avasana pravartthanam, athil avarude magyaariseshan pinvalikkunnathum ulppedunnu. 1934 meyy 28nuu blajil oru kootta snaapanathode ithu paryavasaanichu. thottupinnaale, meyy 29noow meyy 31noow lasoorichaye ugrar chairmanshippil ninnu puratthaakkukayum thudarnnu mothatthil puratthaakkukayum cheythu. kimvadanthikal pracharikkukayum addehathe "vanchana" yaayum "jootha" yaayum naamanirddesham cheyyukayum "muun-voyvode" oru vettinari doctore vanjichuvennu avakaashappedukayum cheythathaanu addehathinte pathanatthinu kaaranamaayath. lusuricha ghiyorge, nikkola nicolescu ennee sahodaranmaare ugrr sponsarmaaraayi niyamichirunnuvenkilum avar addehathinethire thiriyunnath kandu. thaan oru roman aanennu thettayi nishedhicha oru rekhayil oppidunnathuvare nicolascus lasoorikkayude pathanam nirmmikkukayum addehathe krooramaayi chithreekarikkukayum cheythu. addehathinte vamseeyatha nishedhikkunnathu avarude ethiraali pratheekshikkaattha oru thanthramaayirunnu, allaathapaksham chairman sthaanam adrishyamaakki.
1941 vare sevanamanushticha ghiyorge nikkoleskuvaanu ugrar nethaavaayum voyovode enna nilayilum lasuricaykku pakarakkaaran. eee maattam undaayirunnittum, samgham phaasist anubhavam prakadippikkunnathu thudarnnu oru report anusarichu, 1935 ll ghiyorge nikkoleskuvinte adhyakshathayil buchaarasttile roman kongras hitlarude chhaayaachithrangal kondu alankaricha oru haalil nadannu. uneria popporuluyi" pathratthile oru ariyipp anusarichu, eee yogathil pankedukkaan lasurica shanichathaayi karuthappedunnu, ithu pankedukkunnavare avarude neethrthwathe thiranjedukkaan anuvadikkunnathiloode rund pradhana vibhagangal thammilulla eathu tharkkavum pariharikkumaayirunnu. roman sarkkaaril ninnu audyogika amgeekaaram nedaan nicolescuvinu kazhinju, athu surakshithamakkaan lasuricaykku kazhinjilla, 1939 aayappozhekkum 40 praadeshika shaakhakalaayi tharamthiricha 400,000 muthal 800,000 vare romanmaarude vishwasthathaykku neethrthwam nalki.
petrescu parayunnathanusarichu, thante prasthaanatthe oru mukhyadharaa partyumaayum aninirathaan visammathichathinum pothuve "thante janangale manushyaraashiyilekku munnott kondupokaan dhairyappettathinum" lasooricha avahelanangal anubhavichirunnu."addehathinte paarshwavalkkaranam addehathinte varumanam valareyadhikam kurachu addeham" "mahalayude oru cheria flaattil" "pattini kidannu marikkukayaayirunnu". thirichadikal undaayirunnittum, lasuric samoohathil sajeevamaayi thudarnnu. 1934 augustil prasidheekaricha oru reportil, "lasurica parishodhichu nirddeshicha" blaj romanikal "pattanatthilum sabhayilum vamseeya kwata aavashyappedunnu" ennum atharam elavukal nalkunnathuvare palliyil hajarakillennum nirddeshichu. aaa varsham septambar 10 nuu cbuvil nadanna swantham roman kongrasil voyvode adhyakshatha vahichu; "10 kalppanakalude" oru parambarayil, adhehathinum yaadhaasthithika sabhaykkum keezhadanganum romania athinte rajavineyum snehikkaanum moshtikkaano vivaahathin purathu laingika bandhatthil earppedaano prathinidhikalodu aavasyappettu. eee rekhayekkurichu abhiprayappetta pathrapravartthakan vii. aavashyamaaya karisma illaathe lasooricha svechaadhipathya marggangal sweekarichittundennum addehathinte yaadhaasthithikathayude channeling swaabhaavikamaayum mattu matha pashchaathalangalile romanikale anyavalkkarikkumennum mundenu nirddeshichu. 
cbu kongrasinetthudarnnu taamasiyaathe diseosanmartin (october 1934), plooyesti (epril 1935) ennividangalil raalikal nadannu. ellensec" pathram soochippichathupole, grand voyovode jiyude aathmathyaagamanushtikkunna pravartthanangal roopappeduthiya blaajinte aarkkitekt andrey (andress) sima ulppede vishwastharude oru puthiya vrithathe addeham grooppucheythu. eiii. ellah jipsimar ekeekarikkunnathil lasuric "; mattu shishyanmar tharnava-maikkayile aadam bunasyuvum tharnava-myrile ghiyorge sikrayumaayirunnu. "diseosanmartinil nalkia ellah prasamgangalum romanian bhaashayilaanennathil deshyappetta magyaraised romanikalil ninnu lasoorikkayude puthiya samghadana chila ethirppukal neridukayaanennu "ellensec" report cheythu. aaa pashchaathalatthil, "20,000 transylvanian jipsikal" veendum romanian cheythathinu petrescu lasurica prashamsichu. romaanikalude kaaryatthil maathram vamseeya vyathyaasangalodu romanian desheeyavaadikal andharaanenn soochippikkunnathinaal idathupaksha pathramaya "gupta" ithu oru virodhabhaasam avakashappedunnathaayi abhiprayappettu.
appozhekkum lasurica roman vamshaparambarayekkurichulla swantham ashayangal pinthudarukayaayirunnu. maattey soochippichathupole, "indianisathil" ninnulla prathidhwanikalulla oru "deseeya roman puraanam" addeham nirmmichu, ithu oru kapadacharithra vamsheeyathayeyum roman gothrangalude poorvvikaneyum kendreekarichullathaanu-"sgripti" ennu vilikkunnu. 1934 augustil, engleesh, american roman associationukal addehathe sameepichu, avar indian upabhookhandathile janangalude uthbhavam padikkunnathinaayi oru naravamsha paryaveshanatthil cheraan aavasyappettu. atharam anweshanangal romanikalkku svanthamaayi oru "palestine" nalkumennu avakaashappett addeham athu sammathichathayi reportund. sgripti" yum paryaveshana kathayum "1934 ll anthaaraashtra pathrangalil prathyakshappetta oru nigoodatha" aanennu charitrakaaranaaya raluka bianca roman nigamanam cheiyunnu, orupakshe lasooricha thanne kandupidichathaakaam ithu. oru varshathinusesham, lokathile romanikale orotta rajyavumaayi layippikkanulla thante uddeshyam addeham prakhyaapichu, thante lakshyam prolsaahippikkunnathi thante pathram sthaapikkumennu prakhyaapichu. roman "gothram" purathana eejipshyan uthbhavamaanenn addeham thante puthiya bodhyavum prasthaavichu. "aas esttu" addehathe udharichu ingane parayunnu "njaan avakashangalum jipsimark oru maathrraajyavum aavashyappedunnu...] roman pradeshathu. ekadesham oru dasalaksham jipsikal ivide thaamasikkunnu, athinaalaan jipsy maathrraajyam srishtikkunnathinu romania ettavum anuyojyamaayathu. puthiya jipsy maathrraajyathu jipsy bhashayaayirikkum audyogika bhasha."" "ell 'intraansijiyant" "reporter rene benasec avakaashappettath, 1935-ll, lasooricha ithinakam thanne" "roman republicinte president" "aayi svayam stail cheiyukayaayirunnuvennum ennaal eee padaviyum moonnaamathe roman nethaavu pidichadakkiyennum, addeham lasoorichayude bisinus card moshtikkukayum upayogikkukayum cheythu".
pnc sakhyam.
1935-lum lasurica oru "romaniayile romayude pourasamghadana" roopeekarichu, athil addeham presidentum koodiyaayirunnu; pinneedu addeham veendum amgamaaya "romayude pothu association" enna shailiyilulla agaril chernnu, maartha athinte kendra kammittiyil sevanamanushtichu. 1935 septambar 3 nuu, florasca, ravova, theyi ennividangalil ninnulla roman thozhilaallikalude oru raali association samghadippichappol, lasurica, serboyanu ennivare saha chairmaanaayi avatharippichu; sima transylvanian praadeshika vibhaagathinte nethaavaayi prakhyaapichu. aaa avasarathil, ellah pothupravartthanangalum kuranjathu 70 sathamaanam roman, roman thozhilaallikal adangunna samghangal poortthiyaakkanamennu avar aavasyappettu. 1936 octoberil "curental" dinapathram report cheythathupole, adhehathinteyum nicolascassinteyum thiranjeduppu pracharanam florascayile mosham avasthayil jeevikkunna niravadhi romanikale sambandhichidatholam avishwasaneeyamaayirunnu. florascayude "staarost" ingane paranjathaayi athu udharichu "jipsy aathmaakkalude udamasthaavakaashathinaayi avar parasparam pallum nakhavum upayogichu pooraadunnu...]. thiranjeduppu samayat avar mushinjupokumbol, naaykkalkku kuraykkaan enthengilum undennathinaal ningal ivide undaayirikkanam!... eee divasangalilonnil lasoorichaye deputy aayi thiranjedutthathaayi kandethiyaal njaan ottum aashcharyappedilla-kaaranam addehathinu theerchayaayum samsarikkaan kazhiyum, addehathinu theerchayaayum pravartthikkaan kazhiyilla!"
1936leeii roman kongras oof kaunaasil roman prathinidhikalayi lasurica bharya pankedukkukayum oru anthaaraashtra roman pathram sthaapikkaan nirddeshikkukayum cheythu. ghiyorge appozhum yaadhaasthithika missionary pravartthanatthe pinthunachu, veendum theevra valathupakshavumayi edapazhakukayum gogayude deseeya kristhyan partyumaayi (pnc) othucherukayum athinte pathramaya "nostra nostra" yill sambhavana nalkukayum cheythu. pii. enn. sii sidhaanthangal soochippikkunnathu roman joothanmaaril ninnu vyathyasthamayi, "roman boorshwasi" kku oru bheeshaniyum undakkaathathum "roman raashtrathin upayogapradavumaaya" roman vamshajar parambaraagathavum swaamsheekarikkaavunnathumaaya nyoonapakshamaanennu; "ellah videshikalil ninnum, roman raashtram maathram" ennu addeham vaadichu...] [romaniaykku] vendi svayam thyagam cheyyukayum orikkalppolum avale vanchichilla, jootha raashtrathile palaril ninnum vyathyasthamayi."atharam amgeekaarathinu pakaramaayi, pnc associationte thiranjeduppu shakthikk arhamaanenn lasooricha abhiprayappettu, koodaathe thante roman sakhyakakshikalude samrakshanathinaayi" "graanait mathil nirmmikkumenn" "vaagdaanam cheythu". 1937 februvariyil manolescu-dolginte "timple" enna pathratthil ezhuthiya oru lekhanathil, naadodi jeevitashaili thudarunnathinaayi braahmana achaarangal nirasikkukayum avarude sainika vaidagdhyathinum dhairyathinum eshyayiludaneelam prashastharaakukayum cheytha bakteeriyakkaaraayi chithreekarichukondu "sgripti" uthbhavathekkurichulla oru puthukkiya vivaranam addeham prasthaavichu. mangolian adiniveshangalaal maathramaan avar avarude maathrraajyathu ninnu purathaakkappettathu, moonnu grouppukalaayi vibhajikkapettu, athil onnu maathramaan eejipt.
1936 august 5 muthal, "romaniayile roman purushanmaarudeyum sthreekaludeyum veendedukkal" ennu vilikkappedunna aposthalan maatteyude puthiya grouppinte oonarari chairmaanaayirunnu lasurica; ellah romaniayudeyum paathriyarkkeesaaya miroon kristtiyayude sahapravarthakaraayirunnu addeham. videsha" vyaapaarikalkk munganana nalkikkond roman vyaapaarikalkk samrakshanavaadam vaagdaanam cheyyukayum romakkarum romakkarum thammilulla perumaattatthinte poornna samathvam vibhavanam cheyyukayum cheythukondu "veendedukkal" ugrr lakshyangalil vikasichu. kristhyan missionarymaarenna nilayil ninnu purushanmaare neekkam cheiyunnathinaayi sabhayumaayulla nikkoleskuvinte bandhathe asthirappeduthaanum lasuricaykku kazhinju. ennirunnaalum, nicolescuvinu sabhaye keezhadakkaan kazhinju, pathukke lasoorikkayude amgeekaarathil ninnu athine thallimatti.
1936 septambaril, thante sammathamillaathe thante "poveste tigniaska" ("jipsy stori") prasidheekarichathinu, idathupaksha "adevarul" edittarmaaraaya miheyil sadovanu, miheyil sevastos ennivarkkethire kesedukkaan theerumaanichappol, lasooricha thante "deseeyavum kristhyan" rashtreeya vazhithirivu eduthukaanichu. akkaalat addeham soochippichathupole, eee bandham addehathe saambathika prathisandhiyilakki kooduthal valathupaksha "saarvathrika" "ente sahakaranm inii amgeekarikkilla", pothujanabhipraayam addehathe oru "vimathanaayi" kaanunnu. 1937 joolaiyil, lasooricha roman joothanmaarkkethiraaya thante akramanam "ταρα ωαστρα" enna roman pathippil prasidheekarichu, avare addeham "kicks" ennu vilikkukayum "communist tyoon vaayikkunna roman raashtrathinte prasnangalkkum deseeya thaalpparyangalkkum anyagrahajeevikal" ennu kaanukayum cheythu; maruvashathu, romankar vishwastharaayirunnu. ellah juthanmaarum "communism acharikkunnu" enna thante avakaashavaadathekkurichu addeham vishadeekarichu "kaatt veeshunna reethiye aashrayich, chilappol avar swaamsheekarikkappettaayi nadikkunnu, chilappol deseeya joothanmaaraanu, [pakshe] avarellam oru janakeeya munnaniye orumichu konduvaraan aagrahikkunnu, athinaal avar anthaaraashtra jootha sakhyathinte samrakshanathin keezhilaayi varikayum videsha forangalude edapedaliloode romania bheeshanippeduthukayum cheiyunnu."τARA Noastrá" enna chithratthile mattoru roman sambhaavanakkaaran c. mirmillo prakhyaapichu "[pii. enn. sii] kku oppam nilkkaatha eathoru romayum raajyathinteyum roman raashtrathinteyum sathruvaanu. avan oru karutha joothanaanu, athinaal nithyamaayi alanjuthiriyunna joothante vidhi anubavikkunnu."eee tharkkam" "gupta" "ennathil parihaasathode sweekarikkappettu, addehathinte colomist samgeethajnjanaaya phenica luca franch janakeeya munnaniye pinthunachathaayi abhiprayappettu, [ennathinekkaal] kooduthal yogyathayulla 'roma' aanenkilum"...] ennu paranju.
thudarnnu, lasurica oru prathyeka vamseeya paarttiyallenn addeham urappichukondu romaniyayil (akrar) oru sittisans association oof roma roopeekarikkunnathaayi prakhyaapichu. oro communinum kuranjathu oru roman kaunsilarenkilum undaakumenn vaagdaanam cheythukondu aaa venalkkaalathe thaddesha thiranjeduppinaayi pii. enn. sii. yumayi chernnu athu udan thanne oru samghathe roopeekarichu. eee sakhyathe deseeya karshaka partyil ninnulla pncyude athiraalikal parihasichuvenkilum "ταρα ταραστρα" athine oru swaabhaavika falamaayi prathirodhichu romakkarum romakkarum "pankitta vidhiyiloode parasparam roopappeduthi". 1937 augustil "adeverul" ennathinu vendi ezhuthiya tudor teodorescu-braaniste, lasooricha svayam prakhyapitha "janaadhipathyathinte shatru" aanennu abhipraayappedukayum ithu oru vairudhyamaanennu vaadikkukayum cheythu-kaaranam romanikal avarude vimochanam janaadhipathyavaadikalodu kadappettirikkunnu. teodorescu-braaniste parayunnathanusarichu, pii. enn. siyil akrar ulppeduthaanulla neekkam randaamathethu "vamseeya thathwangal upekshikkuka" ennathinte soochanayaayirunnu, koottichertthu "ithu [sakhyam] yadhaarthamaano ennu chodikkunna niravadhi kathukal njangalkk labhichittund, athu njangalude kettichamachathallengil."
athesamayam, hungarian pathrapravartthakanaaya endrey kakasi, pncyude "thathwangalude kavachathil" oru dwaaramundennu nireekshichu, athaayath jipsikalkku ippol yojikkan kazhiyunna onnu."cassiyude bhaagathuninnu vishudhamaaya avasaravaadathe samshayikkunnu" roma nethaakkal goga vishudhanaayi prakhyaapikkunnathinpu pookunnu. [pii. enn. sii] swasthikayude nizhalil avar avarude koodaarangal sthaapichittilla, avar ithinakam joothanmaare shaasikkukayaan. ithaanu yadhaartha sathyam jipsy oru mikacha manasshaasthranjanaanu, hridayangalum pokkattukalum thurakkaan thaan eathu kurippode adikkanamennu avanariam."athe maasam thanne," "asaadhaaranamaaya niravadhi roman jipsikal" "jootha virudha bheekaravaadam prayogikkunnathinu nerittu upayogapradamaakumennu vaadichukondu pnc" "oru puthiya ettedukkal nadathiyathaayi" "laa tribune joove report cheythu". pathram soochippichathupole, roman samrakshanavaadam ippol jootha samgeethajnjarkkethire vyakthamaayi nirddeshikkappettu, "charithratthil aadyamaayi, jipsy bhashayil oru jootha virudha jenal prathyakshappettu."
maranatthinte vyajaprachaaranam.
1937-nte thudakkathil, mayer alexandru donescu purathaakkunnathuvare lasooricha buchaarasttil oru sivil sarvees udyogasthanaayi jolie cheiyukayaayirunnu. appozhekkum, akrar affiliation sthaanabhrashtanaaya voyododine serboyanu, manolescu-dolj ennivayumaayi veendum onnippichu; desemberile pothutheranjeduppil pnc sthaanaarthikalaayi svayam avatharippikkan shramichuvennu moovarum ugrr aaropichu. doljilum ayomittayilum eiii. sii. aarr. aarr athinte amgangale niyamichu; muun branch lasoorichayude nerittulla melnottathilaayirunnu. eee puthiya athiraalikkethire ugrr pras prathikarikkukayum, lucerica oru kriptto-katholikkanaanenna avakaashavaadangal punarujeevippikkukayum, addeham romaniayude romanikale parivartthanam cheiyumennu piyus pathinaar maarppaappaykk vyakthiparamayi vaagdaanam nalkukayum cheythu. 
1937 septambaril, "theevranaaya naasi" aayathinal "idathu wing gipsy" kall lasurica hemlock upayogichu visham nalkiyathaayi warta ejansikal report cheythu. naasi germmaniyil prasidheekaricha reportukalil eee vishadaamshangal undaayirunnilla, pakaram athu ingane soochippichu "roman jipsy simhasanathinaayulla sthaanaarthi 'prins' jorg lasurica rashtreeya athiraalikal paraajayappeduthi. [...] oru vivaahachadangilvechu addehathinte veenjilekku marakamaaya visham ozhichathayi vishwasikkappedunnu."thante rashtreeya athiraalikal maathramaan ithu pracharippichathennu choondikkaatti, avakaashavaadam thallikkalayanaayi lasurica veendum parasyamaayi prathyakshappettu."thante nischitha shavasamskaaramaanennu avar vishwasichathil ninnu" "dukkhikkunna dhaaraalam jipsikale" "thadayaan addehathinu kazhinjillennu reportund". swarthi svarnnakkaaran" lasooricha thaan jeevichirippundennu urappu nalkunnathinaayi romaniayude pathra offeesukal sandarshichathaayi "rampa" yude humour pejum eee vishayam report cheythu. colomist ingane abhiprayappettu "misttar lasoorichaye romayude rajaavaayi njangalkk ariyamaayirunnu. ivide avan ippol jipsy rajakumaaranaayi sthaanabhrashtanaakkappettinu ". aaa maasam avasaanathode, "opeeniya" pathram "roman vamshajaraaya prashasthanaaya thalavanaaya lasurica" dealul spiriyil oru saloon upayogichu oru bill theerppaakkunnathil paraajayappettathinetthudar 21-aamath police parisarathekku kondupoyathaayi aaropichu. 
rund voyivodukalum thammilulla samgharsham kayperiyathaayirikke, rund vyakthikalum sathyathinte "vyakthamaaya krithrimathvathil" earppettirikkukayaanne bongiyu ezhuthunnu. marana thattippinte pashchaathalatthil, lasurica anuyaayikalum "chila idathupaksha pathrangalkkethire" akramanam nadathumennu prakhyaapichu, kaaranam ivar romanmaarude "roman gadakathilekku swaamsheekaranam" nishedhichirunnu. samagra deseeyatha" yodulla avarude drishyaparathayum prathibaddhathayum soochippikkunnathinaayi, lasuric, serboyanu, sima, ghiyorge bashud, ghiyaa slobosiu, mattu community prathinidhikal ennivarude prasamgangalumaayi avar aipuresattil oru raali nadatthi. thante aadya "ταρα τοστρα" edittoriyalil, serboyanu, roman samoohathile oru amgamenna nilayil svayam vittukoduthu, thaan ellaayppozhum "roma sakhaavu jii. yumayi" pooraadiyathaayi report cheythu. eiii. luceric, onnukil goodaalochanakalaal keezhadakkappedaathavan, onnukil nammude chila sahodaranmaarude pralobhanangalo bheeruthvamo."mirmilloyum ettedutha avarude vedhi, romanikal oru vamseeya nyoonapakshamaanennu nishedhichu, avare pothuve roman janathayude vaividyamaayi visheshippichu;" "valare nalla roman vamshajar" "aayathinal, avar roman bhasha ulladakkam pathratthinte oru pejilekku parimithappedutthumennum avar vaadichu". 
maattey soochippichathupole, lasurica serboyyanuvum poornnamaayum anurajanam nadathukayum avarude pnc athiraalikalaaya gogayumaayum eiii. eiii. yumayum charcha cheyyumbol "roman nethaakkalkku kaimaran kazhiyukayum cheythu". sii. pakaram, ugrar mukhyadharaa deseeya liberalukalumaayi bandhappettirunnu. 1937leeii thiranjeduppinu sesham niyamikkapetta pii. enn. sii. sarkkar, "vamseeya" nyoonapakshangale puratthaakkal ulppede romaniayude sambadvyavasthayude "romaneekaranam" sambandhicha niyamangal earppeduthi; ennirunnaalum, roman janataye poornnamaayum ozhivaakki. 1938 februvari 2 nuu krayovayil nadanna oru akrar raaliyil, thaan pncyil chernnathaayum veendum athinte yahoodavirudha sidhaanthangale pinthunaykkunnuvennum lasurica prakhyaapichu. jootha paine rumenia akramichathaayi addeham visheshippikkukayum "kikkukalude" pathrangale adichamarthiyathinu pnc neethrthwathe prashamsikkukayum cheythu.
nirasikalum naadukadatthalum.
1937 avasaanathode, akrar-pnc udambadi deseeya liberal pressinte parishodhanaykk vidheyamaayi, athil theevra valathupakshathulla roman pravartthakar musleengale avarude matham samrakshikkaan prothsaahippichathaayi rekhappeduthiyittundu "ithaanu shree gogayude jipsy paper prasidheekarikkunnathu; ithaanu [addehathinte] party" deseeya "," kristhyan "lakshyam ithu" jipsimarkoppam romanisavum muhammadinoppam kristhumathavum "(yadhaarthathil oonnipparayunnu). taamasiyaathe, oru svechaadhipathya bharanaghadanayum deseeya navothaana munnaniyude (efrn) eaka kakshi bharanavum adichelppichathode ellah roman grouppukaludeyum pravartthanangal vettikkurachu. ennirunnaalum, "samsthaanathinte surakshaykk bheeshaniyaakunna onnum cheythitilla" ennu bharanakoodam nigamanam cheythathode ugrr appozhum sahikkapettu. nicolescu ulppedeyulla athinte muzhuvan neethrthwavum 1938 maarchil thanne munnaniyil chernnu; thudarnnu vividha gothravibhaagangalile amgangale roman karakaushalathozhilaalikali samyukthamaayi athath eph. aarr. enn. samghangalil ulppeduthaanulla sramathinu avar nirddesham nalki. athe maasathil, maartha lasuricha "timple" ennathil "roma sthreekalkkulla avarude thuranna kathil", agra-akrar gadanakal nilanirthaanum avalude ghiyorgeyude shramangale amgeekarikkaanum abhyarthikkunnu "ente roma sahodarimaare, ningalude bharthaakkanmaarodum ningalude aanmakkalodum penmakkalodum ente bharthaavine pinthunaykkaanum roma aikyadaardyavum achadakkavum bhakthiyum illaatha oru janathayallenn theliyikkaanum njaan ningalodu abhyarthikkunnu." 
pii. enn. sii thirichuvilichathinusham pradhaanamanthriyaayi niyamithanaaya pathriarchese kristtiyayil ninnu svechaadhipathya drive lasurica thallimatti. adhehavum serboyyanuvum avarude catholica anubhavam prakadippikkaan vannu. katholikkarkkulla atharamoru pinthunayude prakadanatthil, lasurica dormissione oru roman avadhidinamaayi paraamarshikkunnath upekshichu, vishudharaaya peettarinteyum polinteyum perunnaal puthiya reference theeyathiyaayi prakhyaapichu. ταRA Noastrá", "timple" ennee lekhanangalode, yaadhaasthithikatha "sgripti", roman janathayude parambaraagatha peedanam aayirunnuvennum athu sabhayude adimakalaayi sookshichirunnuvennum lasurica avakaashappedunnu. thaan mathaparivarthanam nadathiyenna aashankakal choondikkaatti lasurica athinte missionarymaarude raankukalil ninnu neekkam cheythukondu kristtiya prathikarichu. thaan thanne thante card kaimariyathaayum eee kaaryathaal thanikk "asukham" anubhavappettathayum lasooricha thante vaayanakkaare ariyichu. 1940 juulai vare, yaadhaasthithika vishishtaathidhikal ippozhum lasoorikkayekkurichum akrar "sabhaye apamaanichathinekkurichum" adhikaarikalkk parati nalki. groupo athinte nethaavo appozhekkum sajeevamallathathinaal avarude reportukal kaalaharanappettathaayirikkam. 1938 juunil, naasi vamseeya nayangal avarude romaphobiayil vyakthamaayi yojippichittundenum austriyan romanikalaanu atharam peedanangalude pradhana lakshyangalennum "dreptettiya" pathram vaayanakkaare ariyichu. hooked-cross flag" enna akrarinte pareekshanatthilekku thirinjunokkumbol, athu ingane ezhuthi "oru amarthyanaaya oru lurica ettedutha aaa pravrithi ethratholam maarakamaayirunnuvenn kandethanulla samayamaayirikkam ippol nammude romanikalkku." 
2002ll saamoohyashaasthranjanaaya solton barani ezhuthi, "svechaadhipathyam sthaapichathu jipsy samaaharanathe phalapradamaayi thadanju. eee aadyakaala roman rashtreeya sthaapanangalude villal, saambathika thettaaya nadatthippu, deerghaveekshanam enniva avar prathinidheekarichuvennu aaropikkappedunnavarude kaaranatthe mathramalla, avarethanne doshakaramaayi baadhichu. athesamayam, roma vishwaasathe shakthippeduthukayum avarude rashtreeya abhilaashangal prolsaahippikkukayum cheytha pradhana thudakkangalaayirunnu iva."1938 november pakuthiyode, efrn mukhapathramaaya" "romania" "ykku nicolescu lasoorikkaykkum serboyanumarkkumethire apakeerthikkes phayal cheiyunnuvenna vaartha labhichu". romani voyvode" enna thalakkettil nadannukondirikkunna tharkkathe athinte reporter parihasichu, rund athiraalikalil oraalkk "kooduthal sugandhamulla" (roman bhashayil samananamamulla) "jamaikkan rumm voyvode" enna thalakkett thiranjedukkaamennu nirddeshichu. pothujanaarogya udyogastharude parishodhanaykk vidheyaraakkaan naadodikal nirbandhitharaayappol 1939 desemberilaanu eathenkilum romanmaarkkethire munnaniyude oru nadapadi sweekarichathu. ennirunnaalum, ellah gothrangaleyum nischalamaakkaanulla thudarchayaaya sramangal nadathukayum 1940 februvariyil sarkkar niyamathiloode avarude "naadodibandham" aupachaarikamaayi nirodhikkukayum cheythu. muun naadodikale vyaavasaayika thozhilaallikalaayi punarnirmmikkamennum nirddeshicha "curentulile" oru lekhanathode lasooricha eee nadapadiye swaagatham cheythu. avare bezarabiayilekkum thekkan dobroojayilekkum kolanivalkkarikkaan addeham nirddeshichu "ithu pareekshichunokkunnathu moolyavathaanu. naadodikal valarchayeriyavarum jeevanullavarumaan, koodaathe eathenkilum vinashakaramaaya pravaahangalekkurichu samshayikkunnu. avaa athirthi pradeshangalil upayogapradamaaya gadakangalaanennum chuttumulla roman graamangalkk upayogikkaan kazhiyunnathra vaidagdhyamullavayaanennum theliyikkaan kazhiyum."
ellah roman samghadanakaleyum nirodhichenkilum, septambaril irumbu kavalkkar sthaapicha deseeya lejiyanari stettu oru groupenna nilayil roman janathayodu pothuve sahishnutha pulartthi. ennirunnaalum, naasi sidhaanthathinte swaadheenam athinte audyogika prachaaranatthilekku ozhukaan thudangi. thudarnnulla kaalaghattatthil roman samoohathil sakthamaaya oru romaphobiayude aavirbhaavavum roman aaktivisttukalum roman theevra valathupakshavum thammilulla bandhatthinte apachayavum kandu. irumbu kaavalkkaaranumaayulla ettumuttalinu thottupinnaale, svechaadhipathiyaaya ayoon antonescu romanikale adisthaanaparamaayi saamoohika virudharaayi visheshippichu. mudur parayunnathanusarichu, lasoorichayude pravartthanangalum roman drishyaparathayil avaa cheluthiya swaadheenavum ariyaathe oru "jipsy prashnam" enna aashayathin kaaranamaayi. eee samvaadam oduvil antonescu bharanakoodam sweekarikkukayum 20,000-thiladhikam roman janataye bezarabiaykk kizhakkulla transnistria govarnarettilekku naadukadatthukayum cheythu. kooduthal anuyojyamennu karuthappettirunna romanikalkku, naadukadatthal kolanivalkkaranatthinte oru joliyaayi parasyam cheyyappettu, oro kudumbatthinum oru plot oru ready-biltt veedum nalki. 1943 oode, romakkarum "jipsy" kalum thammil ashayakkuzhappam srishtichathinaal "romi" yude upayogavum amgeekaaravum oru baadhyathayaanenna dhaarana roman adhikaarikal pracharippikkan thudangi. 1942 novemberil nikkoleskuvinte neethrthwathilulla "romayile romayude association" transnistrian naadukadatthal thadayaan sramikkukayum maikkal rajavinodu nerittu abhyarthikkukayum cheythu. 
1944 augustil aantoneskuvinte attimariyethudarnnu, nikkoleskuvine athinte nethaavaayi ugrar punasthaapikkappettu, naadukadatthappettavare veettilekku madangaan sahayikkuka enna prathyeka lakshyathode. roman peeples union ennu punarnaamakaranam cheyyappetta ithu anchu varshathil thaazhe maathrame nilaninnulloo. 1949-ll puthiya communist bharanakoodam athinte pravartthanangal anweshikkaan thudangi, chila jipsikal nadathunna panhandling moshanavum cherukkaan ithu upayogapradamaanengilum, athu raashtreeyamaayi samshayaaspadamaayirunnu-oru board amgam irumbu kaavalkkaranullil sajeevamaayirunnuvenn aaropikkapettu. appozhekkum yuu. jii. aarr. aarine naashanal liberal party-bejanumaayi bandhappeduthiyathinu nicolescu vittuveezhcha cheyyappettirunnu. 1949 januvariyil addehathe sthaanabhrashtanaakkukayum pakaram demookratik naashanalist partyile amgamaaya petre raadiye niyamikkukayum cheythu. romanikale oru prathyeka nyoonapakshamaayi amgeekarikkaan visammathicha oru prakriyayude bhaagamaayi athe varsham thanne ugrr matellaa community oorganaiseshanukalum niyamavirudhamaakki. 1953 januvariyil, roman communist party petre borila ippozhum romanikale nilavilulla oru vamseeya vibhaagamaayi paraamarsikkunnu, athesamayam avarude ennam kanakkakkaan prayaasamaanennu addeham abhiprayappettu. aaa kaalaghattatthile lasoorichayude swantham vidhi anjjaathamaanaan 1973 leeii addehathinte thoolikaanaamangalude nighanduvil, saahitya charitrakaaranaaya mihail straje addehathinte jananatheeyathi (1893) maathrame nalkunnulloo.

