
actiengeselshaaft

 (; churukki paranjaal Ag,) ohari udamasthaavakaasham (i.iii. ohari udamakalude udamasthathayilulla) ohari vipaniyil oharikal trade cheyyaavunna onnu. jarmmani, austriya, swittsarland (ivide ithu oru "sosaitti anonym" allengil "sosaita perr aseoni" kku thulyamaanu) ennividangalil eee padam upayogikkunnu, avide samyojippicha kambanikalkku southu tyrol upayogikkunnu. luxembergilum (aas,) ithu upayogikkunnu, ennirunnaalum thulyamaaya franch bhasha padamaaya "sosaitte anonym" kooduthal saadhaaranamaanu. yunaittad kingdatthil, thulyamaaya padam public limittad kambaniyaanu, amerikkayil "incorporated" allengil "korppareshan" ennee padangal saadhaaranayaayi upayogikkumbol, saankethikamaayi kooduthal krithyamaaya thulyamaaya padam "joyint-stokku kambani" aanu (britiish padatthinu shradhikkuka, ennirunnaalum public limittad kambanikalude oru nyoonapakshathinu maathrame stokku ekschenchukalil avarude oharikal pattikappeduthiyittulla).
vaakkinte ardham.
jarmman padamaaya "actiengeselshaaft" rund gadakangal chernna oru samyuktha naamamaan "akttiyen" ennathinartham oru abhinaya bhagam allengil punk, koodaathe "geselshaft" ennathinartham kambani allengil samooham ennaanu. engleesh vivarthanangalil "share kambani" allengil "oharikalaal parimithappedutthiya kambani" allengil joyint stokku kambani enniva ulppedunnu. jarmman bhashayil, oharikalkku "akteen" enna padam upayogikkunnathu "actiengeselshaafttant" ennathil parimithappedutthiyirikku. mattu tharatthilulla jarmman kambanikalile oharikal (udha.jii. gmbh allengil oru sahakarana samghathe "akteen" ennathinekkaal "aantail" (parts-oof) ennu vilikkunnu.
niyamaparamaaya adisthaanam.
germmaniyilum austriyayilum, jarmman "actiengesetts" (abr) aanu eji yude niyamaparamaaya adisthaanam. aktg; "share niyamam") allengil austriyan "actiengesetts" (abr. ekediji). jarmman vaanijya niyamam (§19 "handelsettsbach") ellah korppareshanukalum avarude niyamaparamaaya roopam avarude peril vyakthamaakkanamenn aavasyappedunnathinaal, avarude baadhyathayude paridhikalekkurichu pothujanangale ariyikkunnathin, ellah jarmman (§4 "actiengesetts" prakaram aavasyamaanu), austriyan stokku korppareshanukalum avarude perinte bhaagamaayi "actiengesselshaft" allengil "eji" ulppeduthunnu, palappozhum oru prathyayamaayi.
swittsarlandil, oharikalaal parimithappedutthiyirikku kambaniye (jarmman bhashayil "actiengesselshaft", franch bhashayil "sosaitti anonym", itaaliyan bhashayil "sosaitaa anonyma", romanshil "sosaitad anonyma") baadhyathakalude niyamasamhithayude irupathiyaaru enna thalakkettil nirvachichirikkunnu, article 620. article 950 bisinesses namam niyamaparamaaya roopathe soochippikkanamennu vyakthamaakkunnu.
ghadana.
jarmman ejansikalkku oru supervisory board ("aufsichtsraattu") oru maanejment board ("vorstaand") adangunna "rund nirakalulla board" gadanayundu. kambaniyude valippamanusarichu jeevanakkaarkk seettukal undaayirikkaamenkilum supervisory board saadhaaranayaayi ohari udamakalaanu niyanthrikkunnath. maanejment board nerittu kambani nadathunnu, pakshe athinte amgangale supervisory board neekkam cheythekkaam, ithu maanejment bordinte nashtaparihaaravum nirnnayikkunnu. chila jarmman ejansikalkku avarude swantham prathiphalam nirnnayikkunna maanejment bordukalundenkilum aaa sahacharyam ippol thaarathamyena asaadhaaranamaanu.
oharikalaal parimithappedutthiya oru swis kambaniyude paramonnatha bharanasamithiyaan pothuyogam. ithu director bordineyum (jarmman bhashayil "werwaltongstraatt") baahya oodittarmaareyum thiranjedukkunnu. kambaniyude nadathippinum praathinidhyathinum chumathalappedutthiya vyakthikale director board niyamikkukayum pirichuvidukayum cheyyaam.
samanamaaya roopangal.
mattu raajyangalile thulya padangalil inipparayunnava ulppedunnu, avaa aksharaarthatthil "share kambani/sosaitti" allengil "anjjaatha kambani/sosaitti" ennaanu ardhamaakkunnathu.

