lambung

lampung, audyogikamaayi lampung pravishya (), indoneshyayile oru pravisyayaanu. sumatra dveepinte thekke attathaanu ithu sthithi cheiyunnathu. vadakkupadinjaaru bangaalu pravishyayumaayi oru cheria athirthiyum vadakku thekkan sumatra pravishyayumaayi oru neenda athirthiyum undu. swantham bhasha samsaarikkukayum svanthamaayi likhitha lipi kaivasham vaykkukayum cheiyunna lambung janathayude yadhaartha vaasasthalamaanithu. bandar lambung aanu ithinte thalasthaanam.
33, <aii. dii. 1> chathurashra kilometer visthruthiyaanu pravishyayude vistheernnam.2010 leeii sensus prakaram 7,608,405,2020 leeii sensus prakaram 9,007,848,2022 madhyathile audyogika kanakkukal prakaram 9,176,546 janasamkhyayullathil naalil moonnu bhaagavum javanese, madurees, balinese kudiyettakkaarude pingaamikalaan. kooduthal janasaandrathayulla dveepukalil ninnu labhyamaya bhoomi thedi vanna eee kudiyettakkaar deseeya sarkkaarinte indoneshyan transmigration prograaminte bhaagamaayirunnu, athil adyakaalavum ettavum pradhaanappettathumaaya transmigration lakshyasthaanangalilonnaan lampung.
2005 meyy meyy pravisyayil 6.40 theevratha rekhappeduthiya bhookambam undaayi. 1883-ll, sunda kadalidukkile oru dveepil sthithi cheiyunna kraakkattovayile agniparvvatham, rekhappeduthappetta charithratthile ettavum akramasakthamaaya agniparvvatha spodanangalilonnu nerittu, pathinaayirakkanakkin manushyarude maranangalude kanakkukal ulppede pradeshathinum mattidangalkkum vinashakaramaaya prathyaaghaathangal, lokamembaadumulla thapanilayum mattu kalavastha prathyaaghaathangalum varshangalolam.
charithram.
ezhaam noottaandil, "tolang powang" ennariyappedunna vidoora thekk (namphang) sthithicheyyunna oru pradeshatthinte chainayiludaneelam eee vaakk vyaapichu, ithine tulang bawang regency allengil tulang bawang nadiyude theerathulla pradeshangal ennu vilikkunnu. pathinonnam noottaand vare thekkukizhakkan eshyayude bhooribhaagavum niyanthrichirunna jambiyil praadeshika thalasthaanamulla srivijaya saamraajyathinte bhaagamaayirunnu lampung. pravishyayile rund prakrithivibhavangalaaya svarnnavum amper thedi srivijayanmaar lambangilethi.
kandethiya avashishtangalum palas passema likhithangalum srivijayan kaalathe thengamas mekhalayile battu bedil likhithangalum eee charithrathe sthireekarikkunnu. tulang bawang polulla mattu cheria rajyangal. pothuvarsham ezhaam noottaand muthal ettaam noottaand vare sekala brack raajyangalude samudramekhala nilaninnirunnu.
pathinaram noottaandil lampungil baantan sulthaanettinte praveshanam eee pradeshathu islaaminte vyaapanathinte thudakkamaayi adayaalappeduthi. akkaalat uyarnna demandulla kurumulakinu perukettathaanu lampung. akkaalat, dachukaar eee pradeshatthinte niyanthranathinaayi sammarddam chelutthitthudangi. chelutthitthudangi lokamembaadumulla kurumulak ulppaadanathinte 30 sathamaanavum lampung aayirunnu.
baantan sulthaanettu upayogicha kurumulak ulppaadanathinte niyanthranam lampungine dveepasamoohathile ettavum sambannamaaya thuramukhangalilonnaayi maatti. athupole, kurumulak chedikal vyapara kambanikalude jeevanakkarenna nilayil europil ninnulla kudiyettakkaareyum aakarshichu. 1610-laanu dutch eest india kambani baantanil oru vyapara kendram sthaapikkukayum pinneedu pathinezhaam noottaandil ithinakam nilavilulla uthppaadanam vardhippikkunnathinaayi laampangil sakthamaaya kurumulak krishi aarambikkukayum cheythath. 1752ll duchukal pidichedukkunnathuvare eee pradesham baantan sulthaanettinte bhaagamaayirunnu, appol ithu "residency lampoyengse distrikttan" ennariyappettu. ithu dutch eest indeesinte bhaagamaayi maari.
dutch bharanathin keezhil, kudiyetta paripaadikal nadappaakki. eee paripaadiyil jaavayil ninnu laampungilekkulla aalukalude kudiyettam ulppettirunnu. ithinu nalla sveekaaryatha labikkukayum jaavayile niravadhi nivaasikal kizhakkan pradeshamaaya lampungil sthithicheyyunna transmigration cytukalilekku maarukayum cheythu. cheythu indoneshyan swaathanthryathinu sesham eee paripadi vipuleekarichu. jaavaanikal gamelan, wayang thudangiya saamskaarika upakaranangal lampungilekku konduvannu. kudiyetta paripadi pinthudaraan balinese laampungilethi. mattu pradeshangalil ninnulla kudiyettakkaarude saannidhyam eee pradeshathe saamskaarikamaayi vaividyamaarnnathaakki. prakrithiyudeyum saamskaarika tourisathinteyum adhika saadhyathakalode vamseeya vaividhyam oru vinodasanjaara akarshanamaayi mariyirikkunnu. pradeshathe niravadhi art studiyokal thaddesheeya kalayudeyum samskaarathinteyum samrakshanamaayi pravartthikkunnu.
bhoomishaasthram.
105°45 '-103°48' e akshamshangalkkum 3°45 '-6°45 akshamshangalkkum idayilaanu lampung pravishyayude vistheernnam. thekkukizhakk sunda kadalidukkum kizhakk jaava kadalumaanu pravishyayude athirthikal. lampung pravisyaykkullil niravadhi kadaltheera dveepukalundu, awah darro, legundi, tegel, sebuku, kettaajiyan, sebezi, pohawang, cracketova, putus, tabuwan ennivayaanu. eee dveepukal kooduthalum lambung ulkkadalilaan sthithi cheiyunnathu. padinjaaran laampunginte regencyude praveshana kavaadathilaanu pisang dweep sthithi cheiyunnathu.
laambamginte prakrithidatha bhoopradesam pradeshathe aashrayich vyathyaasappedunnu. padinjaarum thekkum theerathu bukkitt barisan parvathanirakalumaayi bandhippichirikkunna urunda kunnukalude oru pradeshamundu, ithu vadakku muthal thekk vare sumaathrayiludaneelam ozhukunnu. pravishyayude madhyabhaagathu kooduthalum thaazhnna pradesangalaanu. kizhakk theerathinaduthu, jaava kadalinte theerangalkkoppam, kooduthal vadakku, valia vellamaan.
uyarathil lambangil sthithi cheiyunna parvathangalil iva ulppedunnu
neelam, vrishtipradesham (sii. eiii) enniva anusarichu lambangil ozhukunna nadikal ivayaanu
eee pradeshathekku nirantharam praveshikkunna kudiyettakkaarkku aavashyamaaya kaarshika vikasanathinaayi viniyogichathinu sesham thaazhnna pradeshangalile vanangal theernnu. thadi vanaa uthppannangal videshathekku kayattumathi cheiyunnu. chila vanangal bukit barrison selattan pradeshathu avasheshikkunnu.
samudranirappil ninnu 50 meter uyaramulla lampung pravishyayile nagarangalum pattanangalum ivayaanu tantjungarang (), kedaattan (), metro (), gisting (), stettu sakthi (), pringsevu (), pekkalongan (), battang (), pangur (), padang kween (), vinosobo (), kedondong (), sidomulyo (), kasui (), shree menanthi (), liva ().
bharanaparamaya divisionukal.
1964ll thekkan sumatra pravishyayude thekkan bhaagath ninnu roopeekaricha lampung pravishya thudakkathil moonnu regencykal (kabupatten)-lampung selattan, lampung tenga, lampung uttara-oru svayambharana nagaram ("kotta")-bandar lampung enniva ulkkollunnathaayirunnu. 1991 august 16 nuu lampung uttaarayude bhaagath ninnu naalaamathe regency (lampung baarat) srishtikkappettu, 1997 januvari 3 nuu rund regencykal koodi srishtikkappettu-lampung selaattante bhaagath ninnu tangamus, lampung uttaarayude bhaagath ninnu tulang bawang. 1999 epril 20 nuu rund adhika regencykal roopeekarikkappettu-lambung tengayude bhaagath ninnu lambung timur, lambung uttaarayude bhaagath ninnu way cannon-athupole lambung tengayude mattoru bhaagath ninnu randaamathe svayambharana nagaramaya metro. 
2007 juulai 17 nuu lampung selaattante mattoru bhaagath ninnu onpathaamathe regency (pesavaran) srishtikkappettu, 2008 october 29 nuu moonnu regencykal koodi roopeekarichu-tulang bawang regencyude bhaagangalil ninnulla mesugi, tulang bawang baarat, tangamous regencyude bhaagath ninnulla pringsevu. oduvil 2012 october 25 nuu lampung baarat regencyude padinjaaran theerathu ninnu pathimoonnaamatthe regency (pesir baarat) roopeekarichu. 2010, 2020 sensasukalilum 2022 madhyathilum audyogika kanakkukal prakaram ivayellaam avayude pradeshangalum janasamkhyayum thaazhe pattikappedutthiyirikku.
krishi.
robasta coffey beans, coco beans, thenga, graamboo ennivayaanu eee mekhalayile pradhana vilakal. nesley polulla kambanikal eee mekhalayil ninnu coffey beans vaangunna oru abhivridhi praapikkunna kaarshika mekhalaykku ithu kaaranamaayi. eee krishiyil bukitt barisan selattan desheeyodyaanathil niyamavirudhamaayi krishi cheiyunnathu ulppedunnu. koodaathe, wong coco polulla aabhyanthara kambanikalum eee mekhalayil nattaa dii coco nirmmikkunnu.
thunitharangal.
thunitharangal vare lampunginu sambannavum vaividyamaarnnathumaaya neythu paarambaryamundaayirunnu. lambung neythu oru anubandha vepht saankethikavidya upayogichu, ithu niramulla putt allengil parutthi noolukal lalithamaaya parutthi pashchaathalatthil superimpose cheyyaan praapthamakki. ettavum pradhanappetta lambung thunitharamaayirunnu palepay, athinte udamasthaavakaasham kalianda ulkkadal pradeshathe lambung prabhukkanmaarkk maathramaayi parimithappedutthiyirunnu. 
lampungees samoohathinte ellah thalangalkkum udamasthathayilullathum upayogikkunnathumaaya "tattibin", "tampen" ennariyappedunna rund tharam cheria vasthrangal undaayirunnu. neythu saankethikavidyakal laambamgiludaneelam vyapippichu. pamingir, crui, abung, pesir ennee janathayaan uyarnna nilavaaramulla neythukal nirmmichathu. thekk kalianda ulkkadal pradeshathe janangalkkum vadakku crui prabhukkanmarkkum idayil uthppaadanam prathyekichum samriddhamaayirunnu.
kappalukal oru saadhaarana roopamaayathinaal lambung thunitharangal, "palepaay", "tatabin", "tampen" ennivaye 'kappal thunitharangal' ennu vilichirunnu. kappal rooparekha jeevithathinte oru mekhalayil ninnu mattonnilekkulla parivartthanatthe prathinidheekarikkunnu, udaaharanathinu baalyam muthal purushathvam vare allengil avivaahithanaayirikkunnath muthal vivaahithanaayath vare, koodaathe maranananthara jeevithathilekkulla avasana parivartthanatheyum prathinidheekarikkunnu.
parambaraagathamaayi, vivahangal, parichhedana thudangiya mathaparamaya chadangukalude bhaagamaayi lampung thunitharangal upayogichirunnu. udaaharanathinu, prabhukkanmaarude vivahangalil vadhuvinte partic pinnil neenda aachaaraparamaaya chumaril thookkiyidaanaayi palepaay vasthrangal upayogichirunnu. vivaahasamayath kudumbangal thammil cheruthum kooduthal elimayullathumaaya "tampen" thuni kaimaattam cheyyappettirunnu.
pathonpathaam noottaandinte avasaanathil kurumulak uthppaadanam kondu lampung sambannamaayathode mikacha thunikalude uthppaadanam pootthu, ennaal 1883 leeii kraakkattovayude vinashakaramaaya pottitheri kalianda pradeshathe niravadhi neythu graamangale nashippichu. nashippichu islaaminte vardhichuvarunna praadhaanyavum kurumulak vyaapaarathinte thakarchayum uthppaadanam nirtthivachu. innu lampung thunitharangal shekharikkunnavarkk valare vilappettathaan.
vinodasanjaaram.
lambung pravishyayude pradhana varumaana maarggam vinodasanchaaramallenkilum, pradhaanamaayum beechukalil ninnu vinodasanjaaram vardhippikkaan bharanakoodam sramichittundu, udaaharanathinu "adambara tanjung settiya"."prakrithidathamaaya panoramic kazhchayum sarfinginulla sthalavumulla tanchung settiya beechilekku vinodasanchaarikale aakarshikkan eee aakarshanam shramikkunnu. laambangile oru janapriya vinodasanjaara kendram koodiyaaya pahawang dweep, saari ringang beach ennivayum ivideyundu. niravadhi aabhyanthara, anthardesheeya vinodasanchaarikale aakarshikkunna compass desheeyodyaanamaaya oru desheeyodyaanavum laampungilund. 2010ll pradhaanamaayum austreliya, nyoosiland ennividangalil ninnulla pathinayiram videsha vinodasanchaarikal ulppede nanulaksham vinodasanchaarikal lampung pravishya sandarshichu.
eest laampungile labuhan rattu jillayile oru desheeyodyaanavum aanasamrakshana kendravumaanu way kambas desheeyodyaanam. way kambakalkku purame, mattoru aanaa vidyaalayavum (aanaa pariseelana kendram) riyaavuvile minasilum kaanam. eee pradeshathu thamasikkunna sumatran aanakalude ("elephas maximus sumatranas") ennam kuranju. 1985ll indoneshyayile aadyathe aanaa vidyaalayamaayi sthaapithamaaya compass desheeyodyaanam aanakale niyanthrikkunnathilum pariseelippikkunnathilum prajananam, samrakshanam ennivayilum aanaa samrakshana kendramaayi maarumennu prathekshikkunnu. ithuvare, eee pii. jii. jii. raajyathinte mattu bhaagangalilekku vinyasicha munnoorolam aanakale parisheelippichittundu.
sameepa varshangalil, eee pravishya snorkellingin divinginum eare janapriyamaayi. niravadhi aabhyanthara vinodasanchaarikalum vividha diving kammyoonittikalil ninnulla anthaaraashtra vinodasanchaarikalum pravishya vaagdaanam cheiyunna sthalangal sandarshikkunnu paanthay ringang, pulaavu tegel, pulaavu pahawang, pulaavu kelajian, pulaavu balac, pulaavu maahitam, tanchung putus.
janasamkhyaashaasthram.
javanese, lampunchese, sundanese ennivayaanu laampunginte moonnu pradhana vamseeya vibhagangal. pravishyayile thaddesheeya vamseeya vibhagamaanu lampungees. indoneshyan (audyogika), javanese, sundanese, balinese, minankabou, lampung ennivayaanu pravisyayil upayogikkunna bhashakal.
gathagatham.
bhoomi.
lambung pravisyayil, thekkan laambangile bakauheni muthal central laambangile terbangi bezar vareyulla bakauheni-terbangi bezar toll rooad 2019 maarchil poortthiyaayi. 2015 epril muthal toll rooad nirmmaanathilaanu. vikasanachelavu 53 trilyan dollarilethumennu pravachikkunnu, bhoomi ettedukkalum ekadesham 30 trilyan dollarinte nirmmanavum ulppede. terbangi besarinu vadakku kayu agung (thekk-sumatra) vare, trans-sumatra toll roadinte bhaagamaayi mattoru toll rooad nirmmaanathilaanu. eee bhagam 2019ll poortthiyaakum.
sumatrayileyum lampungileyum ettavum valuthum thirakkeriyathumaaya buzz terminalukalilonnaaya rajabasa terminalil lampunginum bandar laampungile talbot terminalinum undu. sumatra, jaava ennividangalile nagarangalilekku buzz roottukal ulla rajabasa vimaanathaavalathinte terminal aduthulla rench, intermediat, phaar (akap) ennividangalilaanu.
eee rund terminalukalkk purame, thalasthaana jillayiludaneelam lampungil buzz terminalukalum sthithicheyyunnu.
kadal.
pravisyayil niravadhi thuramukhangalundu. dakshina sumatrayil ninnu javayilekkulla gathagatha kalkari vitharanathinu sevanam nalkunna irakkumathi-kayattumathi thuramukhavum thuramukha frengsemumaanu panchang thuramukham. bandar laambanginu thekk, sumatrayude thekke attathu krithyamaayi bakauheni thuramukha nagaramaan sthithi cheiyunnathu. trans-sumatran haiveyude thekke attathu sthithi cheiyunna bakauheni thuramukham sumatra jaavayile merac thuramukhavumaayi kadal gathaagathatthiloode bandhippikkunnu.
vaayu.
raddin intten II anthaaraashtra vimaanathaavalam pravishyayile eaka vimaanathaavalamaanu. baantan, jakkartha, majalenga, medan, bandung, palembang, semarang, surabaaya, surakartha, yogakartha ennividangalilekkum athilereyum vimanangal sarvees nadathunnu.
reyil.
dakshina sumatrayile kerettaapi indoneshya divre IV tanchang karang nadathunna railway shringalayude bhagamaaya bandar lambung-palembang ennivaykkidayil bandar laambungil sthithi cheiyunna oru railway line lampung pravisyayilundu. bandar lampung-palembang railway lainil bandar laambangile steshanum paalembaangile steshanum idayil naalpat steshanukal undu.
sports.
15, 000 perkku irikkaavunna pahoman stadiyamaanu laampungile pradhana stadium. stadium association football stadium thurannathu.

