
oorjjaswalatha

kuranja kaarban, paristhithi soundaryam, vishwasaneeyavum thaangaanaavunnathumaaya oorjja vitharanathilekkulla germmaniyude nirantharamaaya parivarthanamaanu (). punarupayoga oorjjam (prathyekichu kaatt, photovoltaic, jalavaidyuthi), oorjja karyakshamatha, oorjja demand maanejment ennivaye valareyadhikam aashrayikkaan puthiya samvidaanam uddeshikkunnu.
avasaanathe aanavorja nilayangal 2023ll adachupootti; nilavilulla ellah kalkari ulppaadanavum 2038 oode viramikkum. 2010 avasaanathode "energievende" ykkulla niyamanirmmaana pinthuna pasakkukayum 2050 oode (1990 neey apekshichu) harithagriha vaathakathil (jii. echu. jii) kuravu varuthukayum 2050 oode 60 sathamaanam punarupayoga oorjjam lakshyamidukayum cheythu.
1990num 2014num idayil 27 sathamaanam kuravu kaivaricha padhathikku munbu thanne jarmmani jii. echu. jii. udvamanam kuraykkunnathinulla lakshyathil kaaryamaaya purogathi kaivarichirunnu. ennirunnaalum, raajyam athinte "energievende" lakshyathilethaan prathivarsham sharashari jii. echu. jii. udvamanam kuraykkal nirakk 3.5 sathamaanam nilanirthendathundu, ithu ithuvare ullathil vachu ettavum valia charitraparamaaya moolyathinu thulyamaanu.
2022 oode poortthiyaakaanirunna germmaniyile aanava reactors ghattamghattamaayi nirthalaakkiyenkilum 2023 lake maattivachukondu oru punarupayoga oorjja samvidaanathilethukayiraayinu padhathiyude vivaadaparamaaya bhagam. eee prakriya kooduthalum poortthiyaayi, moonnu reactors gridumaayi bandhippichirikkunnu (2023 march vare). kalkariyudeyum phoosil vaathakathinteyum valia punk kaaranam germmaniyude mothatthilulla oorjja mishrithathinu ippozhum uyarnna theevrathayundu.
padavyuthpathishaasthram.
energievende" enna padam vivarthanam cheyyaathe engleesh bhasha prasidheekaranangalil pathivayi upayogikkunnu (oru kadam vaakk).
aanavorjavum petroleum oorjjavum poornnamaayum upekshikkanamennu aavashyappedunna 1980 leeii jarmman okko-instittyoottinte prasidheekaranatthinte thalakkettil "energievende" enna padam aadyamaayi ulppeduthiyirunnu. 
vardhicha oorjja upabhogamillaathe saambathika valarcha saadhyamaayirunnu ennathaanu ettavum supradhaanamaaya avakaashavaadam. 1980 februvari 16 nuu jarmman federal paristhithi manthraalayavum berlinil "energievende-aattomousteeg undu climastutes" (oorjja parivartthanam nuclear ghattam-outtu, kalavastha samrakshanam) enna peril oru symposium samghadippichu. okko-instittyoottinu paristhithi, matha samghadanakal dhanasahayam nalkukayum peettar ahmalukaleppolulla mathaparavum yaadhaasthithikavumaaya vyakthikalude praadhaanyam nirnaayakavumaayirunnu. thudarnnulla dashakangalil, "energievende" enna padam vyaapthi vardhippichu-ippozhathe roopathil ithu kuranjathu 2002 muthalullathaanu.
"energy vunde" oorjja nayathil ganyamaaya maattam varuthi. aavasyathil ninnu vitharanathilekkulla nayatthinte punakrameekaranavum kendreekritha ulppaadanathil ninnu vitharanam cheytha ulppaadanathilekkulla maattavum (udaaharanathinu, cheria kojanareshan yoonittukalil thapavum oorjjavum ulppaadippikkuka) eee padam ulkkollunnu, ithu amita ulppaadanathinum ozhivaakkaavunna oorjja upabhogathinum pakaram oorjja samrakshana nadapadikalum karyakshamatha vardhippikkukayum venam.
vishalamaaya ardhathil, eee parivartthanam oorjjathinte janaadhipathyavalkkaranathinum kaaranamaayi. parambaraagatha oorjja vyavasaayathil, valia kendreekritha vaidyuthi nilayangalulla chila valia kambanikal vipaniyil aadhipathyam pularthunnathum saambathikavum raashtreeyavumaaya shakthiyude aashankaajanakamaaya thalatthilekku athicherunnathumaayi kanakkaakkappettirunnu. ithinu vipareethamaayi, punarupayoga oorjjangalkku sidhaanthathil vikendreekritha reethiyil sthaapikkaan kazhiyum. pothu kaattaadippaadangalkkum sourorjja parkkukalkkum oorjja ulppaadanathil niravadhi pouranmaare nerittu ulppeduthaan kazhiyum. photovoltaic samvidaanangal vyakthikalkk polum sajjeekarikkaan kazhiyum. munisippal yoottilittikalkk pouranmaarkku saambathikamaayi prayojanam cheyyaanum kazhiyum, athesamayam parambaraagatha oorjja vyavasaayam thaarathamyena cheria ennam ohari udamakalil ninnu labham nedunnu. punarupayoga oorjjathinte vikendreekritha ghadana praadeshikamaayi moolyam srishtikkaan praapthamaakkukayum oru mekhalayil ninnulla mooladhana puranthallal kuraykkukayum cheiyunnu. athinaal, punarupayoga oorjja srothassukal munisippal oorjja nayathil kooduthal pradhana punk vahikkunnu, praadeshika sarkkarukal palappozhum avaye prothsaahippikkunnu. 
padavi.
fukushima aanava apakadatthinu ekadesham aarumasam munbu 2010 septambaril jarmman sarkkar "energievende" rooparekhappeduthiya pradhana naya rekha prasidheekarichu. 2010 septambaril niyamanirmmaana pinthuna pasaki. 2011 juun 6 nuu, fukushimayethudarnnu, avarude nayatthinte bhaagamaayi aanavorjjathe bridging saankethikavidyayaayi upayogikkunnathu sarkkar neekkam cheythu. eee paripadi pinneedu "aanavathinethiraaya germmaniyude prathikara" mennu visheshippikkappedukayum mukhyadharaa raashtreeyathil prathyayashaasthraparamaayi aanava virudha harita prasthaanangalude vardhichuvarunna swaadheenathinu kaaranamaakukayum cheythu. 2014ll annathe saambathikakaarya, oorjja federal mantri sigmer gabriel germmaniyile braun kalkari khanikalil nikshepam thudaraan sweedish kambani vaattanfaaline lobby cheythu, "namukk oresamayam aanavorjavum kalkari adhishtitha vaidyuthi ulppaadanavum upekshikkaan kazhiyilla" ennu vishadeekarichu. 2009-ll jaims hansen thante 'stoms oof mye kochumakkalude' enna pusthakatthil samanamaaya oru prasthavana gabriyalinte oormmappeduthal-"jarmmani aanavorjam ghattamghattamaayi nirthalaakkaan pookunnathinaal kalkari upayogam anivaryamaayirunnu" ennu gabriel vaadichu. kaalayalav. athoru rashtreeya theerumaanamaayirunnu, athu charchacheyyaan kazhiyathathaayirunnu ".
2011ll, surakshita oorjja vitharanathekurichulla dhaarmika samitiye aanava ghattam avasaanippikkalinteyum punarupayoga oorjjathilekkulla parivartthanatthinteyum saadhyatha vilayiruthaanulla chumatala nalkukayum athu nigamanathilethukayum cheythu
2019ll germmaniyile federal kodathi oof audittarmaar kazhinja 5 varshathinide eee paripaadikku 160 bilyan euro chelavaayittundenn nirnnayikkukayum "falangalkku angeyattam asamathvathilaanenna" chelavukale vimarsikkukayum cheythu."vyapakamaaya prarambha pinthuna undaayirunnittum, eee paripadi" "chelaveriyathum araajakathvaparavum anyaayavum" "2019 leeii kanakkanusarichu" "vann parajayavum" "aayi kanakkaakkappedunnu".
paraspara prayojanakaramaaya vyapara bandhangaliloode russia europian unionumaayi samyojippikkunnathinulla jarmman nayatthinte bhaagamaayi "energievende" yude prarambha ghattathil aanavorjjathin pakaramulla "surakshithavum vilakuranjathum thaalkkaalikavumaaya" indhanamaayi russian phoosil vaathakam kanakkakkappettu. russian vathaka irakkumathiye jarmman aashrayikkunnath "paraspara aashrithathvam" ennaanu avatharippichathu."
prarambha ghattam 2013-2016.
2013leeii federal thiranjeduppinu sesham, puthiya sii. dii. yuu/sii. ezz. yuu, ezz. pii. dii sakhya sarkkar sakhya karaarile lakshyangalil cheria mattangal maathram varuthi "energievende" thudarnnu. 2035ll motham vaidyuthi upabhogathil punarupayoga oorjjathinte oru <aii. dii. 1> vihitam oru idatharam lakshyam avatharippichu. eee lakshyangale "abhilasha" maayi visheshippichu. berlin aasthaanamaayulla poolisi instittyoott agora energievende abhipraayappettath "jarmman sameepanam lokamembaadum savisheshamallengilum," energievende "yude vegathayum vyapthiyum asaadhaaranamaanu" ennaanu. mattu aasootritha oorjja parivarthanangalumaayi thaarathamyappeduthumbol "energievende" yude oru prathyeka savisheshatha, valia oorjja yoottilittikalalla, pouranmaaraanu parivartthanatthe nayikkunnathenna pratheekshayayirunnu. germmaniyude punarupayoga oorjjathilekkulla maattathe "oorjja vitharanathinte janaadhipathyavalkkaranam" ennaanu visheshippichathu. deseeya oorjja nayam roopeekarikkunnathumaayi bandhappett kooduthal sutharyathayum "energy vunde" thedi.
2013 leeii kanakkanusarichu, oro varshavum 400 dasalaksham euro nalkunna vyakthigatha federal samsthaanangal, sarvakalashaalakal, sarkkar enniva nalkunna parivartthanam uyarthiya saankethikavum saamoohikavumaaya prasnangal pariharikkunnathin jarmmani oorjja gaveshanathinaayi prathivarsham 1.5 bilyan euro chelavazhikkunnu. 2017ll sarkkaarinte sambhavana 800 dasalaksham euroyayi uyarthi.
pradhana vashangalil () ulppedunnu
koodaathe, anubandha gaveshana vikasana pravartthanavum undaayirunnu. 2016leeii jarmman oorjja niyamanirmmanam kaanikkunna oru chart labhyamaan.
eee lakshyangal europian union niyamanirmmaanathinum mattu europian raajyangalude deseeya nayangalkkum appuramaayirunnu. nayaparamaaya lakshyangal jarmman federal gavanment sweekarikkukayum punarupayoga oorjjathinte, prathyekichu kaattil ninnulla oorjjathinte, valia vipuleekaranathinu kaaranamaakukayum cheythu. punarupayoga oorjjathil germmaniyude vihitam 1999ll 5 sathamaanathil ninnu 2012ll 18 shathamaanamenna sharashari upabhogathe marikadannu aii. dii. 1 aayi uyarnnu.
nirmmaathaakkalkk 20 varshathekku oru nischitha pheed-inn tarif urappunalkiyittundu, ithu oru nischitha varumanam urappunalkunnu. oorjja sahakarana samghangal srishtikkukayum niyanthranavum laabhavum vikendrikarikkaan sramikkukayum cheythu. ennirunnaalum, chila sandarbhangalil mosham nikshepa padhathikal paapparatthatthinum kuranja varumanathinum kaaranamaayi, yaadhaarthyabodhamillaathu vaagdaanangal yaadhaarthyathil ninnu valare akaleyaanennu theliyikkappettittund.
aanavorja nilayangal adachupoottukayum nilavilulla ombathu plaantukal 2022ll aasoothranam cheythathilum munbu adachupoottaan theerumaanikkukayum cheythu.
oorjjam vipaniyilethikkunnathi oorjja adisthaana soukaryangalil nikshepam nadathaathathaanu puthiya punarupayoga oorjjathinte kaaryakshamamaya thozhilinte thadassamundaakkiya oru ghadakam. 8, 300 kilometer vaidyuthi lineukal nirmmikkukayo naveekarikkukayo cheyyanamennu vishwasikkappedunnu. 2010ll puthiya grid lainukalude nirmmanavum naveekaranavum aavasyappettu niyamanirmmanam paasaakkiyenkilum 2019oode 950 kilometer maathramaan nirmmichathu-2017ll 30 kilometer maathramaan nirmmichathu.
puthiya vaidyuthi lainukalude nirmmaanatthil vividha jarmman samsthaanangalkku vyathyastha manobhaavamund. vyavasaayangal avarude nirakkukal maravippichu, athinaal "energy vund" yude vardhicha chelavu vardhichuvarunna vaidyuthi billukal ulla upabhokthaakkalkk kaimari. 2013ll europil ettavum uyarnna vaidyuthi vila (nikuthi ulppede) jarmmankaaraayirunnu. thaarathamyappeduthumbol, ayalraajyangalkk (polandu, sweeden, denmark, aanava ashrita france) europian yooniyanil ettavum kuranja chilavundu (nikuthikal ozhike).
2014 august 1nuu puthukkiya punarupayoga oorjja srothassukal niyamam praabalyatthil vannu. bhaviyil punarupayoga oorjjam ethratholam vipuleekarikkanamennu nirddishta vinyasa edanaazhikal nirddeshikkukayum dhanasahaya nirakkukal (pheed-inn thaarifukal) inii sarkkar nischayikkaathirikkukayum lelathiloode nirnnayikkukayum cheyyum.
vipani punarroopakalppana "energy vunde" yude oru pradhana bhaagamaayi kanakkakkappettu. jarmman vaidyuthi vipani anuyojyamaaya reethiyil punarnirmmikkendathund.
mattu karyangalkkoppam, nilavile naamamaathramaaya chelavu adisthaanamaakkiyulla vipaniyil kaattinteyum sourorjjathinteyum refinance pradhaanamaayum cheyyaan kazhiyilla. kaarban vilanirnayavum "energy vundayude" kendramaanu, koodaathe sarttifikkattukalude yadhaartha daurlabhyam srishtikkunnathinu europian union emission trading skeem (iyu itts) parishkarikkendathundu.
jarmman federal gavanment atharamoru parishkaranatthinu ahvaanam cheiyunnu.
energy vunde" vishakalanam cheyyaan upayogikkunna mikka computer saahacharyangalum kuranja kaarban saankethikavidyakalilekkal parivarthanatthinu ganyamaaya kaarban vilaye aasrayikkunnu.
energievende" yude bhaagamaayi kalkari uthppaadanam nirthalaakkendathundu. nannayi pracharippikkapetta aanava ghattam avasaanippichathinte maathrkayil kalkari plaantukal ghattamghattamaayi nirthalaakkaan charchakal nadathanamennu chilar vaadikkunnu, ennaal jarmman sambadvyavastha mantri abhipraayappettathupole, "njangalude aanava, kalkari vaidyutha nilayangal adachupoottaan njangalkk kazhiyilla". 2015leeii vaidyuthi ulppaadanathinte 42 sathamaanavum kalkkariyayirunnu. 2015leeii paarees karaaril prakhyaapichathupole, aagola thaapanila vardhanavinu germmaniyude sambhavana vyaavasaayikavalkkaranathi munbulla nilavaarathekkaal 1.5 digri selshyasayi parimithappedutthanamenkil, 2040 aakumbozhekkum phoosil indhanangal poornnamaayum ghattamghattamaayi ozhivaakkukayum avaa punarupayoga oorjjathilekku maattukayum cheyyendathundu.
energievende" vividha saankethika nirmmaana blokkukalum anumaanangalum chernnathaanu. padhathiyude thudakkathil vaidyuthi sambharanam valare chelaveriyathaanenkilum bhaviyil ithu upayogapradamaaya oru saankethikavidyayaayi maarumennu pratheekshichirunnu. ennirunnaalum 2019 leeii kanakkanusarichu sambharana padhathikal (power-tuu-gyaas, hydrajan storeju, mattullava) ippozhum prototype ghattathilaanu, nilavilulla cherukida instaaleshanukalil sambharicha oorjjathinte 40 sathamaanam vare nashtappedunnu.
oorjja kaaryakshamathaykk oru pradhana punk vahikkaanundengilum nilavil amgeekarikkappedaatha oru punk undu. mechappetta oorjja karyakshamatha germmaniyude audyogika lakshyangalilonnaan. sameepathulla deseeya vaidyuthi shringalakalumaayulla kooduthal samyojanathinu paraspara aanukoolyangal nalkaan kazhiyum-theerchayaayum, punarupayoga oorjjathinte uyarnna vihitamullah samvidaanangalkku bhoomishaasthraparamaaya vaividhyam upayogichu edavelakal nikathaan kazhiyum.
2013ll jarmmani oorjja gaveshanathil € 1.5billion nikshepichu.
athil adisthaana gaveshanam muthal prayogangal vareyulla padhathikale pinthunaykkaan jarmman federal gavanment 820 dasalaksham euro chelavazhichu. eee mekhalayile jarmman vaidagdhyathinu oru kayattumathi pankum federal sarkkar munkootty kaanunnu.
energy vund" yude saamoohikavum raashtreeyavumaaya manangal padanatthinu vidheyamaan. adisthaana saankethika, rashtreeya, saambathika gadanakal samoolamaayi maarendathundennu strans vaadikkunnu-eee prakriya addeham bharanamattam ennu vilikkunnu.
energy vund" yill nirnnayakamaaya abhinethaakkaleyum sthaapanangaleyum deseeya vaidyuthi adisthaana soukaryangalile latensi engane purogathiye niyanthrikkumenn schmid, noff, pechan enniva vishakalanam cheiyunnu.
oorjja karyakshamatha mechappeduthunnathinaayi 2014 desember 3 nuu jarmman federal gavanment oorjja kaaryakshamathayekkurichulla deseeya karmapadhathi puratthirakki.
kettidangalude oorjja karyakshamatha, kambanikalkkulla oorjja samrakshanam, upabhokthru oorjja karyakshamatha, gathagatha oorjja karyakshamatha ennivayaanu ithil ulppedunna mekhalakal. jarmman vyavasaayam ganyamaaya sambhavana nalkumennu prathekshikkunnu.
2014-ll update cheytha "energievende" yude purogathiyekkurichulla oru audyogika federal gavanment report iprakaaram parayunnu
purogathi reportinekkurichulla oru vyaakhyaanam uyarthiya pala vishayangalilum vyaapikkunnu.
2016 muthal maandyam.
transmission network shakthippeduthalile mandagathiyilulla purogathi vadakkan germmaniyil puthiya kaattaadippadangal maattivaykkaan kaaranamaayi. bhoomikk mukalilulla pailonukalkkethiraaya praadeshika prathirodham illaathaakkunnathinum vipuleekarana prakriya vegathilaakkunnathinumaayi 2015 octoberil jarmman manthrisabha vilayeriya bhoogarbha cablinginu amgeekaaram nalki.
2016 avasaanathil agora energievende nadatthiya vishakalanam soochippikkunnathu punarupayoga oorjja srothass niyamathilum motha vaidyuthi vipaniyilum aduthide parishkaarangal varuthiyittum germmanic athinte niravadhi pradhana "energievende" lakshyangal nashtappedumennaanu. 2020 oode 40 sathamaanam puranthallal kuraykkukayenna lakshyam mikkavarum nashtamakum... kooduthal nadapadikal sweekarichillengil 2035 oode motham vaidyuthi upabhogathil punarupayoga oorjjathinte 55-60% vihitam punarupayoga oorjja vipuleekaranathinulla nilavile padhathikal kondu "asaadyamaanu". 2016 novemberil, agora energievende puthiyathum mattu niravadhi anubandhavumaaya puthiya niyamangalude swaadheenathekkurichu report cheythu. eee puthiya niyamanirmmanam oorjja vyavasaayathile valia vibhaagangalkk "adisthaana mattangal" konduvarumennum ennaal sambadvyavasthayilum upabhokthaakkalilum parimithamaaya swaadheenam cheluthumennum athu nigamanam cheiyunnu.
2016 november 14 nuu jarmmanikkaayi 2016 kalavastha karmapadhathi sweekarichu, harithagriha vathaka (jii. echu. jii) udvamanathinaayi mekhala lakshyangal avatharippichu. oorjjamekhalayude lakshyam pattikayil kaanichirikkunnu. 2050 aakumbozhekkum oorjja vitharanam "eathaandu poornnamaayum decarbonised" aayirikkanamennum punarulppaadippikkaavunna oorjjamaanu pradhana srothassennum padhathi parayunnu. vaidyuthi mekhalaye sambandhichidatholam, "deerghakaalaadisthaanathil, vaidyuthi uthppaadanam eathaandu poornnamaayum punarupayoga oorjjathe adisthaanamaakkiyukallathaayi", "motham vaidyuthi ulppaadanathil kaattinteyum sourorjjathinteyum punk ganyamaayi vardhikkum". ennirunnaalum, parivartthana samayat, "kaarban theevratha kuranja prakrithivaathaka oorjja nilayangalum nilavilulla ettavum aadhunika kalkari oorjja nilayangalum idakkaala saankethikavidyakalaayi oru pradhana punk vahikkunnu".
2015leeii "energievende" yekkurichulla anchaamathe nireekshana report 2016 desemberil prasidheekarichu. report ezhuthiya vidagdha kammeeshan germmanic 2020 leeii kalavastha lakshyangal nashtappedumennum ithu muzhuvan shramathinteyum vishwaasyathaye bheeshanippeduthumennum munnariyipp nalkunnu. ellah mekhalakalilum chumathiyirikkunna oru phlait deseeya kaarban dye ooksaid vila, gathaagathathil kooduthal shradha kendreekarikkuka, punarupayogikkaavunna ulppaadanathinaayi poornna vipani exposure enniva ulppede maandyam pariharikkunnathin kammeeshan niravadhi nadapadikal munnottuvaykkunnu. kaarban vilaye sambandhichidatholam, parishkaricha yoovats mikachathaayirikkumennu kammeeshan karuthunnu, ennaal europiludaneelam karar kaivarikkanulla saadhyatha kuravaanu.
2017nuu sesham.
2017 muthal, raajyathinte kalavastha nayam "durbalav oorjja parivartthanam" nilachathum aayi kanakkakkappettathinaal "energievende" pratheekshicha vegathayil purogamikkukayaanennu vyakthamaayirunnu."uyarnna vaidyuthi vila, kaatt turbineukalude paaristhithikavum aarogyaparavumaya prathyaaghaathangalkkethiraaya vardhichuvarunna prathirodham, niyanthrana thadassangal enniva ithinu kaaranangalayi thiricharinjittundu. 2017leeii kanakkukal prakaram jarmmani athinte oorjjathinte pakuthiyiladhikam irakkumathi cheythu.
energievende" yekkurichulla 2018 leeii europian kammeeshan cases stadi report 1990 leeii nilavaaratthe apekshichu puranthallalil 27 sathamaanam kuravundaayi, muun varshangale apekshichu neriya vardhanavu rekhappeduthi, 2020 oode uddeshicha 40 sathamaanam kuravu lakshyam kaivarikkaanaakillenn nigamanam cheythu, pradhaanamaayum "oresamayam aanava ghattam-outtu, vardhicha oorjja upabhogam" enniva kaaranam. 2007leeii adisthaana vilayumaayi thaarathamyappeduthumbol vaidyuthi vilayil 50 sathamaanam vardhanavu undaayi. 40 sathamaanathiladhikam sambhavana nalkikkond germmaniyude oorjja mekhala ettavum valia eaka udvamana srotassaayi thudarunnu.
2018ll puthiya punarupayoga oorjjathinte vinyaasathinte mandagathiykku bhaagikamaayi kaaranam bhoomiyude uyarnna demand aanennum ithu oru dablyu. dablyu. eph report oru "poraayma" aayi eduthukaanichathaayum parayunnu.
2030 lakshyangal kaivarikkunnathinulla puthiya udvamanam kuraykkunnathinulla nadapadikalil samavayam kandethunnathinayi 2019 maarchil chansalar mercal kalavastha manthrisabha roopeekarichu. athinte falamaayi 2019 october 9 nuu berlin sweekaricha kalavastha pravartthana paripadi 2030 aayirunnu. europian union iii. tii. ezz. yude paridhiyil varaatha choodaakkal, gathagatha mekhalakalkkayi kaarban vilanirnaya samvidaanathinulla padhathikal eee padhathiyil adangiyirikkunnu. oorjja-kaaryakshamamaya kettida naveekaranangal, uyarnna iii. vii. subsidikal, kooduthal pothugathagatha nikshepangal enniva prolsaahippikkunnathi nikuthiyum mattu prolsaahanangalum ithil ulppedunnu. [tii] paakkej germmaniyude 2030 lakshyangal kaivarikkunnathinulla sariyaaya dishayilekkulla vyakthamaaya chuvaduveppine prathinidheekarikkunnu" ennu aii. iii. eiii report nigamanam cheiyunnu."28 vyaavasaayika, paristhithi, praadeshika samghadanakal ulppedunna jarmman kalkari kammeeshan kalkari ghattam ghattamayi avasaanippikkunna theeyathikku vottu cheythu. aathyanthikamayi, 27 amgangal 2038 kalkari ghattam ghattamaayulla theeyathiye anukoolichu vottu cheythu, lusashyayil ninnulla oru praadeshika samghadana maathramaan ethirthu vottu cheythath, greenpease anukoolamaayi vottu cheyyukayum pinneedu oru nirbandhithamallaatha "viyojip abhiprayam" purathirakkukayum cheythu.
aanavorjam ghattamghattamaayi nirthalaakkiyathinteyum deerghakaalaadisthaanathil kalkariyudeyum falamaayi jarmmani phoosil vaathakathe kooduthal aashrayikkunnathaayi prakhyaapichu.
samanamaaya oru prasthavana ezz. pii. dii. empy udo bullman prakadippichu, jarmmani "ore samayam kalkary aanavavum" maattisthaapikkaan sramikkunnathinaal phoosil indhanangalil urachunilkkendathunde vishadeekarichu, athesamayam aanavorjjathe aasrayikkunna raajyangalkk "phoosil indhanangal maattisthaapikkunnath eluppamaanu". 2020ll agora energievende "jarmmani edaykkideyulla punarupayogikkaavunna vaidyuthiye kooduthal aashrayikkunnathinaal vitharana suraksha urappakkaan" niravadhi puthiya phoosil vathaka plaantukalum aavasyamaanennu prakhyaapichu. 2019 januvariyil germmaniyude sambadvyavastha mantri peettar altmeyer kalkari aasootritha ghattam ghattamayi nirthalaakkunnathinu nashtapariharam nalkunnathinaayi mattu rajyangalil ninnu "vilakuranja aanavorjam" irakkumathi cheyyaan agrahikkunnilla. 2021ll green mep swen geegold "punarupayoga oorjjathinte kooduthal ettakkurachilukal nilanirthunnathinu" germmanic puthiya phoosil gyaas power plaantukal aavashyamaayi vannekkaamennu sammathichu.
2020leeii kalavastha lakshyangal thaazhepparayunna mekhalakalil vijayakaramaayirunnu
ennirunnaalum thaazhepparayunna kalavastha lakshyangal parajayappettu
2020-ll "kaattil ninnum sooryanil ninnum uthppaadippikkunna oorjjathinte alavil kanatha ettakkurachilukal" kaaranam munbu adachupoottiya niravadhi phoosil vathaka plaantukal (ireshing unitukal 4,5) punaraarambhichu, 2017-ll adachupoottappetta muun biblis aanavorja nilayathinu sameepam oru puthiya phoosil vathaka oorjja nilayathe aarr. dablyu. iii prakhyaapichu. eee padhathi "decarbonisation plaaninte" bhaagamaayi prakhyaapikkappedunnu, avide punarupayoga oorjja seshikkoppam phoosil vathaka plaantukalum edavittu pravartthikkunnu. 2020ll 4-aamm nambar kalkari power plaant yoonittum gridumaayi bandhippichu. eee mekhalayile "aanava nirgamanam" moolamundaakunna vaidyuthi nashtam nikathunnathinaayi bavariayile leafamil 2023 muthal oru puthiya phoosil gyaas power plaantum thurakkum. 2021ll, hyden 4 kalkari power plaantinte aasootritha nirthalaakkal raddaakkukayum gronde aanavorja nilayam adachupoottiyathinu nashtapariharam nalkunnathinaayi plaant oonlainil thudarukayum cheythu. 2022ll ithe kaaranangalal skonkauvil mattoru kalkari vaidyuthi nilayam punaraarambhichu.
juunil 2021 stattgaart sarvakalashaalayil ninnulla professor andrey thess, "nuclear eksitt" theerumaanatthinte shaasthreeya pashchaathalamaayi pravarthicha 2011 leeii surakshita oorjja vitharana reportinaayulla dhaarmika samithiyude rachayithakkalaaya closs tofarineyum mathiyas clainerineyum kuttappedutthi oru thuranna kathu prasidheekarichu. aanavorjam ghattamghattamaayi nirthalaakkukayum punarupayoga oorjjathilekkulla poornna parivartthanam "oru pathittaandinullil poortthiyaakkaan kazhiyumennu" vishakalanam vaagdaanam cheythu. aanavorjjamillathe kooduthal druthagathiyilulla kalavastha vyathiyaanathinte apakadasaadhyathayum aanavorjavumaayi kalavastha vyathiyaanathinte vegatha kurayunna apakadasaadhyathayum" shariyaayi manasilakkunnathinum santhulithamaakkunnathinum aavashyamaaya vaidagdhyam rachayithaakkalkk illennu thess eduthuparanju.
2019lum 2020lum uyarnna sharashari kaatt punarupayoga oorjjathinte vijayamayi germmaniyil avatharippikkappettu, ennaal 2021nte aadya pakuthiyil kaattinte alavu kuravaayirunnappol, kalkariyude upayogam muun varshangale apekshichu 21 sathamaanam vardhichu. 2021-nte aadya pakuthiyil kalkari, vaathakam, aanavorjam enniva germmaniyil motham vaidyuthiyude 56 sathamaanam vitharanam cheythu, kalkari, phoosil vaathakam ennivayil ninnulla uyarnna inputtukal kaaranam aanupaathikamaayi uyarnna theevratha. okomodarneyude mattoru vishakalanam anusarichu, 2021-ll jarmmani 2021-nte aadya pakuthiyil kalkkariyiloode ekadesham 260 eratti manikkoor vaidyuthi uthppaadippichu, ithu aaa kaalaghattatthile ettavum valia oorjja srotassaayi maari-kaaranam athu "oru bilyan tonn" kalkari upayogichu.
sthirathaykkaayi phoosil srothassukale valareyadhikam aasrayikkunna kaalaavasthaye aasrayikkunna vaidyuthi samvidaanathinte bhaviyekkurichum decarbonisationte prarambha lakshyangalumayulla vairudhyathekkurichum eee sahacharyam orikkal koodi chodyangal uyarthi.
2021ll prasidheekaricha pravachana report germmanic 2030leeii lakshyam 16 sathamaanam pooyintum (49 sathamaanam kuravum 65 sathamaanavum aasoothranam cheythathum) 2040leeii lakshyam 21 sathamaanam pooyintum (67 sathamaanavum 88 sathamaanavum aasoothranam cheythathum) nashtamaakumenn pravachichu. sambadvyavasthayude mattu mekhalakalile udvamanam kuraykkunnathu yadhaartha lakshyangal nashtappedutthumennu prathekshikkunnu.
2021 octoberil 20 ladhikam kalavastha shaasthranjarum aaktivisttukalum aanava nirgamanam punaparisodhikkanamennu jarmman sarkkaarin oru thuranna kathil oppuvachu, kaaranam ithu oro varshavum 60 dasalaksham tonn adhika udvamanam undaakkukayum decarbonisation shramangale kooduthal thadassappeduthukayum cheyyum.
2021leeii thiranjeduppinu sesham roopeekaricha puthiya sakhyam 2035 oode kalkari, aantharika jwalana kaarukal ghattamghattamaayi nirthalaakkaanum 2030 oode punarupayoga oorjjathil ninnu uthppaadippikkunna 65 sathamaanavum 2040 oode 80 sathamaanavum oorjjam nirmmikkanum nirddeshichu. koodaathe, karaa uparithalathinte 2 sathamaanam kadaltheerathe kaattaadi oorjjathinaayi neekkivaykkukayum, kadaltheerathe kaattinte sheshi 75 jigawatayi vardhippikkukayum venam. vitharanathinte sthiratha urappakkunnathinaayi fraansil ninnu irakkumathi cheytha kuranja kaarban aanavorjam upayogichu "anivaryamaaya" parivartthana indhanamaayi phoosil vaathakathinte punk shakthippeduthi.
2021 avasaanathode germmaniyile ettavum valia eaka vaidyuthi srothass kalkkariyayirunnu (9.5% kadinavum 20.2% thavitt), 2020 neey apekshichu 20 sathamaanam vardhanavu kaattil (-14.5%), sourorjjathil (-5%) ganyamaaya idivu kaaranam aaa varsham vaidyuthi uthppaadanam. sourorjjam 9.9 sathamaanam vaidyuthi maathramaan uthppaadippichathu, aanavorjam nirthalaakkunna prakriyayiloode kadannupokumbol 13 sathamaanam vaidyuthi uthppaadippichu.
jarmmani 2020 leeii malineekarana lakshyangal nashtappedutthiyittundum 2030 lakshyangal nashtappedaan saadhyathayundennum 2022 nuu sesham motham malineekaranathil vardhanavundaakaan saadhyathayundennum 2022 ll agora energievende munnariyipp nalki. munbu aakhoshicha 2020 leeii record kuranja udvamanam anukoolamaaya kaalaavasthayudeyum covid-19 pakarchavyaadhikal kaaranam kuranja demandinteyum ottathavana falamaayi visheshippikkappettu. aanava ghattam avasaanippikkal, vathaka vila kuthichuyaruka, kuranja kaatt, sourorjja ulppaadanam enniva kalkary aashrayikkunnath vardhippichathinu kaaranamaayi.
2022 januvariyil puthiya sakhya sarkkar europian union susthira vargeekaranathil aanavorjam ulppeduthunnathinodu ethirppu aavarthichuvenkilum pakaram phoosil vaathakam oru "parivartthana" indhanamaayi ulppeduthanamennum vaathakathinte kaarban theevratha paridhi laghookarikkanamennum abhyarthichu. aathyanthikamayi vaathakathinulla subsidikal nilanirtthiyathode, niravadhi puthiya phoosil vathaka plaantukal subsidikalil ninnu prayojanam nedaan padhathiyidunnu, athesamayam "griddle ninnu neekkam cheytha avasana aanavorja nilayangalude" falamaayi "motha vaidyuthi vila vardhichathiloode" vardhicha labham prathekshikkunnu.
2022nuu sesham.
2022leeii russian ukraine adhiniveshathethudarnnu, europile sameepakaala kshaamathethudarnnu "prakrithivaathakam samrakshikkunnu" ennu aaropikkappedunna 10 jii. dablyu kalkari vaidyuthi veendum thurakkumennu jarmmani prakhyaapichu. ithu "energivendeyude" thanthrathekkurichum ithu europile vividha raajyangale engane baadhichu ennathinekkurichum thudarnnulla vimarshanathilekku nayichu. maikkal krettshmar (sii. dii. yuu) "energievende" oru paraajayamaanennu prakhyaapichu, punarupayogikkaavunna uthppaadanam aparyaapthamaanennum bays looad kazhivukal athinte paridhiyil athiyennum eduthukaanikkunnu. saadhyamaaya oru puthiya thanthram srishtikkunnathuvare aanavorjam ghattam ghattamayi raddaakkanamennum bakkiyulla reactors punaraarambhikkanamennum addeham aavasyappettu.
2022 februvari muthal ukrainile russian adhinivesham moolamundaaya oorjja prathisandhiye mikacha reethiyil neridunnathinaayi aanava ghattam nirthalaakkunnathinekkur ippozhum pravarthanakshamamaaya reactors punaraarambhikkunnathinekkum chooderiya charcha nadannu. 2022 augustil jarmman kaundar intelligence russiayude thaalpparyangale prathinidheekarikkunnuvennu samshayikkunna jarmman oorjja manthraalayathile rund unnatha udyogastharekkurichu anweshanam aarambhichu.
2022 octoberil jarmman oorjja mantraalayam lutserathile rway braun kalkari ooppan pitt maininte vipuleekaranathinu amgeekaaram nalki, ithu "oorjja surakshaykk aavasyamaanu" ennu avakashappettu. 2022 octoberil ippozhum pravarthanakshamamaaya aanavorja nilayangal 2022 avasaanathode adachupoottillennu sarkkar prakhyaapichu, pakaram shaithyakaalathe vaidyuthi aavasyam neridaan sahaayikkunnathin epril 15 vare pravartthikkum.
2023ll sarkkar ellah manthraalayangaleyum avarude utharavaaditha mekhalaykkullil kaarban udvamanam kuraykkaan baadhyastharaakkunna oru pradhana vakupp niyamathil ninnu neekkam cheyyaan padhathiyidunnathaayi prakhyaapichu. 2030leeii mothatthilulla udvamanam kuraykkuka enna lakshyamayirikkum eaka binding lakshyam. germmaniyile ettavum valia udvamana srothass vaidyuthi ulppaadanamaanu, aaa mekhalayil 2020 muthal udvamanam vardhichukondirikkanu.
vimarsanam.
uyarnna chelavu, kaarban udvamanam vardhippicha aadyakaala aanava ghattam, phoosil indhanangalude upayogam thudarukayo vardhippikkukayo cheyyuka, vaidyuthi vitharana sthirathaykkulla apakadasadhyathakal, biomassinte paaristhithika naashanashtangal ennivaykku energy vunde vimarshikkappettittundu.
germmaniyil oorjja sambharanam "valiyathothil nilavillillaathathinaal kaattinteyum sourorjjathinteyum uthppaadanathinu anuyojyamallaatha" deerghakaala kaalavastha "undengil oorjja vitharanathinte sthirathaykku eee thanthram ganyamaaya apakadasadhyathakal srishtikkunnuvennu jarmman association oof local utilities vku paranju.
2000-ll yadhaartha punarupayoga oorjja niyamam avatharippichathinushesham, deerghakaala chelavukalil shradha kendreekarichu, ennaal pilkkala varshangalil ithu phoosil indhanangalude paaristhithika bahyathakal avaganichukondu hraswakaala chelavukalilum "energivendeyude" "saambathika bhaarathilum" shradha kendreekarichu.
germmaniyile gaarhika upabhokthakkalkkulla vaidyuthi vila kazhinja dashakathil saadhaaranayaayi vardhichukondirikkanu.
harita oorjja nikshepathinu dhanasahayam nalkunnathinulla punarupayoga oorjja nikuthi jarmmankaarude vaidyuthi yoonit vilayil cherkkunnu. sarcharj (2016-ll aii. dii. 1) uthppaadakarkku punarupayoga oorjjathinu sarkkar urappunalkunna vila nalkunnu, 2016-ll ithu kilovattinu 6.35 sent aanu.
2022 oode poortthiyaakunna germmaniyude aanavorja ghattam avasaanippikkunnath padhathiyude kalavastha bhaagatthinte lakshyathin virudhamaanennu 2013 ll "oorjja nayam" ll prasidheekaricha oru samagra patanam report cheythu. 
2019 juunil, 100 oolam poolish paristhithi pravartthakarum shaasthranjarum ezhuthiya "germmaniyile neethrthwathinum janangalkkum" ezhuthiya oru thuranna kathil, aagolathaapanathinethiraaya pooraattatthinte nettatthinaayi "poornnamaayum pravarthanakshamamaaya aanavorja nilayangal nirthalaakkunnathinekkurruku theerumaanam punaparisodhikkaan" germmaniyinodu abhyarthichu.
muun jarmman sambadvyavasthayum oorjja manthriyumaaya sigmer gabriel 2014 paranju, "sakthamaaya vyaavasaayika aditharayulla jarmmani polulla oru raajyathin, ore samayam aanava, kalkari vaidyuthi uthppaadanam nirthalaakkunnathu saadhyamalla." 
aanavorja nilayangalum kalkari oorjja nilayangalum ghattamghattamaayi nirthalaakkunnathinaal, mattu phoosil indhanangalum kuranja kaarban oorjja srothassukalum thammilulla vidavu nikathunnathinaayi phoosil vaathakathinte upayogam prolsaahippikkaan sarkkar thudangi. eee neekkathe anthaaraashtra nireekshakar vimarsichittundu, phoosil indhana vaathakam "adisthaanaparamaayi meedhane aanu, ithu aagolathaapanathinte moonnilonnengilum ulkkollunnu, ithu vathaka ulppaadanathilum vitharana shringalayilum udaneelam anthareekshathilekku chornnolikkunnu."kaarban dye ooksaidinekkaal sakthamaaya harithagriha vaathakam koodiyaanithu. europian union, prathyekichu jarmmani, nord stream 2 vazhiyulla vathaka vitharanathinayi russia amithamaayi aashrayikkunnathaayum athuvazhi athinte oorjja surakshaye durbalappeduthunnathaayum bhayappedunnu. 2022ll russian ukraine adhiniveshathinte velichathil nord stream 2 padhathi aadyam anischithamaayi maattivaykkukayum aathyanthikamayi raddaakkukayum cheythu. 2022 februvari muthal russian phoosil vaathakathin pakaramullava sameepakalathum deerghakaalathum kandethaan scholes manthrisabha ganyamaaya sramangal nadathiyittundu.
germmaniyude vaidyuthi prakshepana shringhala nilavil aparyapthamaayi vikasippicheduthathinaal vadakkan theerathu uthppaadippikkunna kadaltheera kaattil ninnulla oorjjam raajyathinte thekk vyaavasaayika mekhalakalilekku athikkaanulla sheshi illa. 2030 vare 4000 kilometer adhika transmission lineukal nirmmikkaan transmission sisttam oopparettarmaar padhathiyidunnu.
germmaniyile, prathyekichu oorjjamekhalayile, udvamanam mandagathiyilaakkunnathu, 1973 muthal (messer plan) france athinte oorjjamekhalayude vijayakaramaya decarbonisation, 1973ll 88 shathamaanamaayirunna kalkariyile oorjjam 2019ll oru sathamaanathil thazheyaayi ganyamaayi kuracha yunaittad kingdatthinte kaarban nikuthiyum thammil thaarathamyappeduthunnu.
2021 maarchil prasidheekaricha jarmman federal ooditt oafees report, billukalude 50 sathamaanavum nikuthiyum fease vahikkunna, europian union saraashariyekkaal 43 sathamaanam kooduthalulla, gaarhika upayokthaakkalkk energivendeyude uyarnna chelavukal eduthukaanichu. aanavorja nilayangal aasoothranam cheytha adachupoottalinte falamaayi 2022 num 2025 num idayil 4.5 jii. dablyu. shaamam undaakumennum pravachanam soochippichu.
jarmmani aanava ghattam maattivaykkukayum aadyam kalkari ghattamghattamaayi nirthalaakkukayum cheythirunnenkil prathivarsham 1,100 jeevanukalum 3 muthal 8 bilyan euro vare saamoohika chelavukalum laabhikkaamaayirunnu ennu oru patanam kandethi. ghattam ghattamaayulla apakadatthinte nettangal athinte saamoohika chelavukalekkaal kooduthalaanennu nigamanam cheiyunnathinu nayaroopeekaranakkaarkku oru aanava apakadatthinte apakadasaadhyathayo chelavo amithamaayi kanakkaakkendivarumennu patanam nigamanam cheiyunnu. 2021ll prasidheekaricha niravadhi kalavastha shaasthranjarude thuranna kathu germmaniyile sheshikkunna aanava reactors adachupoottunnathinethi ahvaanam cheiyunnu, ithu vaidyuthi mekhalayil ninnulla udvamanam 5 sathamaanam vardhippikkum.
biomass.
2017ll germmaniyude oorjja ulppaadana mishrithatthinte 7 sathamaanam biomass aayirunnu. valarunna biomass anthareekshathil ninnu kaarban dye ooksaid agiranam cheyyukayum agiranam cheyyappedunna kaarbaninte oru bhagam vilaveduppinushesham nilathu avasheshikkukayum cheiyunnathinaal biomass kaarban-neutral indhanamaakaanulla saadhyathayund. ennirunnaalum, jaivavasthukkal indhanamaayi upayogikkunnathu kaarban monoxide, kaarban dye ooksaid, (naitrajan ooksaidukal), vox (asthira jaiva samyukthangal), kanikakal, mattu malineekaranavasthukkal ennivayude roopathil vaayu malineekaranam srishtikkunnu, ennirunnaalum biomass kalkariyekkaal kuranja sulfur dye ooksaid uthpaadippikkunnu.
2004num 2011num idayil roopeekaricha nayangal kuranjathu 2700 chathurashra kilometer sthiramaaya pulmedukalenkilum uzhuthumarichukondu jaivabhara oorjjathinaayi ekadesham 7000 chathurashra kilometer puthiya cholam paadangalilekku nayikkunnu. ithu valia alavil kalavastha sajeeva vaathakangal, jaivavaividhyanashtam, bhoogarbha jalathinte punarulpadana saadhyatha enniva puranthallunnu.
10 sathamaanam biogyas, oru sathamaanam hydrajan, 90 sathamaanam irakkumathi cheytha phoosil vaathakam enniva adangiya harita graha oorjjam vilkkunna biogyas bhaagikamaayi punarupayogikkaavunna indhanamaayi upayogikkaanulla sramangalum nadakkunnundu.
pouranmaarude pinthunayum pankaalitthavum.
energievende" ykkulla poura pinthuna uyarnnathayi thudarnnu, sarvekal soochippikkunnathu pothujanangalil ninnu ekadesham 80-90% anukoolamaanennu.
swakaarya kudumbangal, bhoovudamakal allengil oorjja sahakarana samghangalile amgangal ("genosenshaft") enna nilayil "energievende" yill jarmman pouranmaarude ganyamaaya pankaalitthamaayirunnu uyarnna sveekaaryathayude oru kaaranam.
2016leeii oru sarway kaanikkunnath ekadesham randil oraal jarmmankaar community punarupayoga oorjja padhathikalil nikshepikkunnathu pariganikkumennaanu.
aalukal avarude swantham panam upayogichu pankedukkukayaanenkil, udaaharanathinu avarude pradeshathe oru kaattaadi allengil sourorjja nilayathil, avar [energievende] yeei pinthunaykkum" ennu wuppertal instittyoott phoor klaimat, envayonment aandu energy director manfred fischedic abhiprayappettu."2010leeii oru patanam munisippaalittikalkk avarude pradeshathe punarupayogikkaavunna uthppaadanathinte saamoohika udamasthaavakaashathinte nettangal kaanikkunnu.
 2012leeii kanakkukal soochippikkunnathu germmaniyile punarupayoga oorjja sheshiyude pakuthiyolam oorjja sahakarana samghangaliloodeyum swakaarya samrambhangaliloodeyum pouranmaarude udamasthathayilaanennu. kooduthal vyakthamaayi paranjaal, sthaapichittulla biogyas, sourorjja sheshiyude pakuthiyolam pouranmaarum sthaapichittulla kadaltheera kaatt sheshiyude pakuthiyolam pouranmaaraanu.
jarmman renewable energy ejansikkaayi tns emnid 2014 ll nadatthiya oru sarway prakaram 1015 perr prathikarichappol, 94 sathamaanam jarmmankaarum punarupayoga oorjjathinte nirbandhitha vipuleekaranathe pinthunachu. abhimukham nadathiyavaril moonnil rund bhaagavum avarude veedukalkku sameepamulla punarupayoga oorjja nilayangalkk sammathichu.
2014ll punarupayoga oorjjathil ninnulla motham anthima oorjjathinte vihitam 11 shathamaanamaayirunnu.
ennirunnaalum, 2014 leeii punarupayoga oorjja srothas niyamathil ninnu aarambhicha oorjja nayathile mattangal pouranmaarude pankedukkaanulla shramangale apakadathilaakki. pouranmaarude udamasthathayilulla punarupayoga oorjjathinte vihitam 2016 leeii kanakkanusarichu 42.5% aayi kuranju.
kaattinte paramavadhi grid sheshi kaviyukayaanengil uthppaadippikkappedaathu oro kilowatt manikkoor vaidyuthikkum repubuval energy sozhs act wind turbine oopparettarmaarkku nashtapariharam nalkunnu, athesamayam grid oopparettarmaar kuranjatho aavashyamillaathatho aaya samayangalil polum punarupayogikkaavunna srothassukalil ninnulla vaidyuthi gridilekku vibhajikkanam. ithu vaidyuthiyude negatteevu vilayilekku nayichekkaam, grid oopparettarmaar bandhapetta chelavukal upabhokthaakkalkk kaimariyekkaam, 2020 ll avarkk 4 bilyan euro adhikamaayi chelavaakumenn kanakkaakkappedunnu. ithu chila "energievende" nayangal, prathyekichu kaattil ninnulla oorjjam ennivayodu kooduthal prathirodhatthinu kaaranamaayi.
2019 aayappozhekkum jarmmani kadaltheerathe kaattaadippaadangalkkethir, prathyekichu bavariayilum badden-wortembergilum samghaditha ethirppu ganyamaayi vardhichu.
computer patanam.
energievende" yude naya vikasanathinte bhooribhaagavum sarvakalaashaalakalum gaveshana sthaapanangalum nadathunna computer modalukalkk adivarayidunnu. vividha saankethikavidyakalude sthiratha, susthiratha, chelavu, karyakshamatha, pothu sveekaaryatha ennivayekkurichulla vyathyastha anumanangal anweshikkaan modalukal saadhaaranayaayi saahacharya vishakalanathe adisthaanamaakkiyullathaanu. chila modalukal muzhuvan oorjja mekhalayeyum ulkkollunnu, mattullava vaidyuthi ulppaadanathilum upabhogathilum maathram othungunnu. 2016-leeii oru pusthakam "energy vunde" yude pashchaathalatthil oorjja saahacharyangaludeyum oorjja modalukaludeyum upayogakshamathayum parimithikalum anweshikkunnu.
2050ll jarmman vaidyuthi samvidaanam (ellah oorjja vahakarum) poornnamaayum punarupayogikkappedumenna saadhyathayekkurich chila computer padanangal sthireekarikkunnu.
2009 dablyu. dablyu. eph patanam.
2009ll jarmmani dablyu. dablyu. eph. ookoo-instittyoott, prognose, hans-jokim seasing ennivar thayyarakkiya oru alavilulla patanam prasidheekarichu. 
2050 aakumbozhekkum harithagriha vaathakangalude alavil 95 sathamaanam kuravundaakumennum ellah mekhalakalum ithil ulppedumennum patanam anumaanikkunnu. uyarnna kaarban sambadvyavasthayil ninnu kuranja kaarban sambadvyavasthayilekkalu parivartthanam saadhyavum thaangaavunnathumaayirikkunnathu patanam kaanikkunnu. eee parivartthana pathayil prathijnjaabadhamaakunnathile germmanic mattu raajyangalkk oru maathrkayaayi marran kazhiyumennu athil parayunnu.
paristhithi padanathekkurichulla 2011 leeii jarmman upadeshaka samiti.
2050 oode germmanic punarupayogikkaavunna vaidyuthi uthppaadanam nedaan kazhiyumennu 2011 leeii (esru) oru report nigamanam cheiyunnu. jarmman aerospace sentar (dlr) remix hye-resolution energy model vishakalanathinayi upayogichu. niravadhi saahacharyangal anweshikkukayum vitharanathinte nalla surakshayode chelavu-malsaraathmakamaaya parivartthanam saadhyamaavukayum cheythu.
transmission shringhala shakthippeduthunnath thudarumennum norway, sweeden ennivayumaayulla sahakaranm avarude jalavibhavam sambharanathinayi upayogikkaan anuvadikkumennum rachayithakkal anumaanikkunnu. eee parivarthanatthinu germmaniyude aanava ghattam ("" ") vipuleekarikkukayo kaarban pidichedukkalum sambharanavum (sisi) ulla kalkari-yaanthrika plaantukalude nirmmaanamo aavasyamilla. parambaraagatha ulppaadana asthikal kudungikkidakkendathil, kramamaya parivartthanam nilanilkkanam. karsanamaaya oorjja kaaryakshamathaykkum oorjja laabhikkal paripaadikalkkum bhaaviyile vaidyuthi chelavu kuraykkaan kazhiyum.
2015 deep decarbonisation pathways project patanam.
2050 oode kuranja kaarban sambadvyavastha kaivarikkunnathinu raajyangalkk avarude oorjja samvidaanangale engane parivartthanam cheyyaamennu kaanikkan deep decarbonisation pathways project (dii. dii. pii. pii) lakshyamidunnu.
wuppertal instityoottumaayi sahakarichu nirmmicha 2015 leeii jarmman raajya report, 2050 oode (1990 neey apekshichu) aabhyanthara jii. echu. jii udvamanam 80 sathamaanam muthal 95 sathamaanam vare kuraykkukayenna audyogika lakshyam parishodhikkunnu. 1990num 2050num idayil oorjjavumaayi bandhapetta udvamanam 80 sathamaanathinum 90 sathamaanathinum idayil vyathyaasappettirikkunna moonnu abhilasha saahacharyangaliloode germmaniyude decarbonisation pathakal chithreekarichirikkunnu. moonnu thanthrangal jii. echu. jii. udvamanam kuraykkunnathinu shakthamayi sambhavana cheiyunnu
koodaathe, chila saahacharyangal vivaadaparamaayi upayogikkunnu
germmanic saadhyamaaya saha-nettangalil vardhicha oorjja suraksha, kambanikalkku uyarnna malsarasheshiyum aagola bisinesses avasarangalum, thozhilavasarangal srishtikkal, sakthamaaya jii. dii. pii valarcha, veedukalkku cheria oorjja billukal, vaayu malineekaranam enniva ulppedunnu.
2015 franhofer ise patanam.
remode-dii (punarupayoga oorjja model-jarmmani) model upayogichu, eee 2015 franhofer ise patanam niravadhi sisttam parivartthana saahacharyangalum avayumaayi bandhapetta chelavukalum anweshikkunnu. prakhyapitha kalavastha samrakshana lakshyangal kaivarikkumbozhum ellaayppozhum surakshithamaaya oorjja vitharanam urappaakkumbozhum ellah oorjja vaahakarudeyum upabhokthru mekhalakaludeyum parigananayode jarmman oorjja samvidaanathinte chelavu-optimised parivartthanam engane nedaanaakum ennathaanu padanatthinte maarganirddesha chodyam. kaarban capture aandu storeju (sisi) saahacharyangalil ninnu vyakthamaayi ozhivaakkiyittund. 1990 leeii nilavaarathekkaal 85 sathamaanam kuravu udvamanam purappeduvikkunna bhaaviyile oorjja saahacharyathe oru reference saahacharyavumayi thaarathamyam cheiyunnu, ithu 2050 ll jarmman oorjja samvidaanam innatheppole thanne pravartthikkumennu anumaanikkunnu. eee thaarathamyathil praadhamika oorjja vitharanam 42 sathamaanam kurayunnu. motham sanjitha chelavu carboninteyum ennayudeyum bhaaviyile vilaye aasrayichirikkunnu. 2030 oode puranthallalinulla pizha tunninu 100 euro aayi uyarukayum athinusesham sthiramaayi thudarukayum phoosil indhana vila prathivarsham 2 sathamaanam vardhikkukayum cheythaal, innathe oorjja samvidaanathinte motham sanjitha chelavu 2050 vareyulla mainus 85 sathamaanam saahacharyathin aavashyamaaya chelavinekkaal 8 sathamaanam kooduthalaanennum reportil parayunnu.
2015 dii. yuu. patanam.
germmaniyile berlinile jarmman instittyoott phoor economic research (dii. aii. dablyu) vikasippichedutha endogenous renewables ulla dieter allengil dispatch, investment ivaaluveshan tool 2015 leeii oru patanam upayogikkunnu. 60 sathamaanam muthal aii. dii. 1 vareyulla punarupayoga oorjja upabhogathinulla vaidyuthi sambharana aavasyakathakal patanam parishodhikkunnu. 80 shathamaanamenna adisthaana saahacharyathil (2050leeii jarmman sarkkar lakshyam), grid sambharana aavasyakathakal mithamaayi thudarunnu, vitharanathilum demand vashathum mattu oopshanukal kuranja chelavil vazhakkam vaagdaanam cheiyunnu. ennirunnaalum, karuthal shekharam nalkunnathil sambharanam oru pradhana punk vahikkunnu. punarupayoga oorjjathinte uyarnna oharikalkku keezhil sambharanam kooduthal prakadamaakumenkilum mattu vazhakkam oopshanukalude chelavukaleyum labhyathayeyum, prathyekichu biomass labhyathaye aasrayichirikkunnu. patana reportil eee maathruka poornnamaayum vivarichittundu.
2016-leeii academic patanam.
kaattil ninnum photovolteykkil ninnum vaidyuthi ulppaadanathil antharleenamaaya ettakkurachilukal santhulithamaakkaan upayogikkunna vazhakkam saankethikavidyakal ennu vilikkappedunnavayil shradha kendreekarichulla oru 2016-leeii akkatek-leed patanam. 2050ll sajjeekarichirikkunna niravadhi saahacharyangal, kuranja kaattum sourorjja vikiranavum ulla aazhchakalolam vitharana suraksha urappaakkunna oorjja samvidaanathinte nattellu sthirappeduthunnathinu vathaka power plaantukal upayogikkunnu. mattu saahacharyangal oru 100% punarupayogikkaavunna samvidaanathekkurichu anweshikkukayum avaa saadhyavum ennaal kooduthal chelaveriyathumaanennu kaanikkukayum cheiyunnu. veedukalilum vyaavasaayika mekhalayilum vazhakkamulla upabhogavum sambharana niyanthranavum (demand side maanejment) hraswakaala vaidyuthi ettakkurachilukal santhulithamaakkunnathilla ettavum chelavu kuranja maargamaan. kaarban bahirgamanam 80 sathamaanathiladhikam kuraykkanamenkil maathrame power-tuu-ex adisthaanamaakkiyulla deerghakaala sambharana samvidaanangal praayogikamaakoo. chelavukalude kaaryatthil patanam ingane parayunnu
2016 stanford yooniversitti patanam.
2050 oode kaatt, vellam, sooryaprakaasham (doubluedablues) enniva upayogichu maathram pravartthikkunna oorjja samvidaanangal kaivarikkunnathinayi stanford sarvakalaashaalayile anthareeksham/oorjja paripadi 139 rajyangalkkaayi roadmappukal vikasippicheduthittundu. germmaniyude kaaryatthil, poornnamaayum punarupayogikkaavunna parivarthanatthinu keezhil bisinassinaayi motham anthima-upayoga oorjjam 375.8 jidablue-ll ninnu 260.9 jidablue-lake kurayunnu. 2050ll kadaltheerathe kaatt 35 sathamaanam, kadaltheerathe kaatt 17 sathamaanam, tharamgam <aii. dii. 5>, jeothermal <aii. dii. 3>, jalavaidyutha <aii. dii. 2>, veliyettam 0 sathamaanam, residential pii. vii <aii. dii. 4>, vaanijya pii. vii <aii. dii. 1>, yoottility pii. vii <aii. dii. 6>, sourorjja kendreekaranam 0 sathamaanam enninganeyaayirikkum looad oharikal. vaayu malineekaranam ozhivaakkuka, aagola kalavastha vyathiyana chelavu illaathaakkuka, motham thozhilavasarangal srishtikkuka ennivayum patanam vilayiruthunnu. eee saha-nettangal ganyamaanu.