lubawa

polandile vormian-masurian voyodospisheppile oru pattanamaan lubawa (pazhaya prussian "lubawa"). ilaava kaundiyil, ilaavayude thekkukizhakkayi sandela nadiyilaanu ithu sthithi cheiyunnathu.
bhoomishaasthraparamaaya sthaanam.
noveh miyastoo lubavsky pattanatthinte ekadesham vadakkukizhakkaayi, oolsttin pattanatthinte thekk-padinjaraayi, gdansk praadeshika kendratthinte thekk-kizhakkayi, samudranirappil ninnu valare uyarathil chelmo landilaanu lubawa sthithi cheiyunnathu.
charithram.
1214-ll praadeshika prussian bhoovudama surwabuno prashyayile aadyathe catholica bishappaya olivayile kristhyani namakaranam cheythu. randaamathethu ippol lubavayude kottu oof aamsil pradharshippichirikkunnu. 1216 januvari januvari niraparadhiyaaya moonnaaman marpappa purappeduvicha oru marpappa kaalayilaan eee pattanathekkurichu aadyamaayi paraamarshichathu. taamasiyaathe oru thadi kotta nirmikkappettu. tutonic naittukalude sanyasi avasthaykkullil, 1243 ll modenayile vilyam aanu kulminte bishoper srishtichathu. 1257-ll eee pattanam palliyude swathaayum kulmile (chelmo) bishappumaarude aasthaanamaayum maari. 1268ll kotta nasippikkappettu. nasippikkappettu 1301num idayil arnold enna praadeshika bishop kallukondu oru puthiya kotta nirmmichu. 1330ll gediminasile lithwanian sainyathinte adhiniveshathaal ithu nasippikkappettuvenkum punarnirmikkappettu. 1410-leeii grenwald yudhathinu sesham polandu raajyam lobou pattanam pidichadakkiyenkilum poolish-lithwanian-tutonic yuddham avasaanichathode tutonic kramatthilekku madangi. ennirunnaalum lubavayude chuttumulla bhoomi bhaagikamaayi thekk masoviayilekku pooyi.
1440-ll eee pattanam aanti-tutonic prussian konfedareshanil chernnu, athinte abhyarthana maanich kasimir IV jagiyallon rajaavu 1454-ll eee pradeshavum pattanavum polandilekku samyojippikkunnathinulla niyamathil oppuvachu. 1454-ll pathimoonnu varshathe yudhathinte thudakkathil poolish anukoola sainikar praadeshika kotta pidichedutthu. 1466-leeii randaam samadhaanathil polandilekku eee pattanam samyojippikkappettath sthireekarikkappettu. ithu chelmo voyivodospishante bhaagamaayirunnu, taamasiyaathe praadeshika vyaapaarathinteyum vaanijyathinteyum kendramaayi maari. angane athu chelmoyle bishappumaarude irippidangalilonnaayi maari. 1533-ll rotterdamile irasmus paraamarshicha oru valia theepidutthatthil ithu thakarnnuveenu, pakshe taamasiyaathe ithu punarnirmmikkukayum 1535 num 1539 num idayil nicolas copernicus lubavayile bishappinte kotta niravadhi thavana sandarshikkukayum cheythu. akkaalat, kottayil oru jyotishaasthra nireekshanaalayavum undaayirunnu. copernicusinte viplavakaramaaya kruthi 'dii revolutionibus oorbiyam koyalstiyam' prasidheekarikkaan lubavayilaanu theerumaanam. 1545ll pattanavum kotta veendum theepidutthatthil nasippikkappettu.
vyaapaarathil ninnu nagaram ganyamaaya labham nedi. 1627ll kotta naveekarikkappedukayum bishop jacoob saadsikkinte barok shailiyilulla kottaaramaayi maarukayum cheythu. 1640 aayappozhekkum jalanirmmaana pravartthanangalum azhukkuchaalukalum poortthiyaayi. 1772ll polandinte aadya vibhajanathiloode eee pattanam prussia raajyam pidichadakki. nepolian yudhangalil dachiyude bhagamaaya (1807-13) eee pattanam dachiyude pirichuvidalinushesham veendum prussia raajyam pidichadakki. 1815ll kottaram theepidutthatthil nasippikkappedukayum 1826ll athinte mathilukal thakarkkappedukayum cheythu. 1820-ll benedikttin konfedareshante konvent adichamarthappettu. janasamkhya jarmmanvalkkarana nayangalkk vidheyamaayirunnu. 1831ll niravadhi poolish kaalaalppada, peeranki unitukal, enchineeyar corps, sappermar, november kalaapathile general staaf ennivar avarude thadankal sthalangalilekkulla vazhiyil pattanatthil nirtthi. 1871ll ithu prussian neethrthwathilulla jarmman saamraajyathinte bhaagamaayi. polandinte vibhajanakaalathum 1920 vare padinjaaran prussia pravishyayile rejiyarangsbesirkk marienverderile crays lobouvil pettathaayirunnu lobou. lobou jarmman sensus prakaram, pattanatthile janasamkhya 4,593 aayirunnu, athil 2,300 ennam (50.1%) dhruvangalaayirunnu.
paramadhikaara polandinte punarjanmathetthudarnnu versiles udambadiyude anantharafalamaayi eee pattanam polandilekku punarnirmikkappettu.
randaam lokamahaayudham aarambhicha 1939 leeii polandile adhiniveshathethudarnnu, eee pradesham naasi germmaniyude kaivashappeduthukayum 1939 october 26 muthal 1945 vare puthiya pravisyayaaya raichsgow dancig-vestt prashyayile rejiyarangsbesirkk marienverderinte bhaagamaayi "lobou" enna peril bharanam nadathukayum cheythu. poolish janatha vividha adichamarthalukalkkum athikramangalkkum vidheyamaayi. insaattsgrooppe vii" veedukal, offeesukal muthalaayavayil vanthothil thirachil nadatthi. 1939 septambaril. 1939 desember 7 nuu, "selbstshoods" 10 poolish nivaasikalude pothu vadhasiksha nadappaakki. jarmman naasi bharanakoodam poolish kuttikalkkum aii. dii. 1 vayass prayamaaya kaumaarakkaarkkum, kooduthalum aankuttikalkkumaayi pattanatthil oru rahasya camp nadathiyirunnu. kuttikal nirbandhitha thozhil, mardanam, poshakaahaarakkurav, vadhasiksha vare ennivaykku vidheyaraayi. praayapoorthiyaaya kuttikale concentration campilekkum athinte sub cambukalilekkum naadukadatthi. kizhakkan munnira aduthathode 1945 januvariyil camp pirichuvidukayum bakkiyulla kuttikale jarmmaniyilekku naadukadatthukayum cheythu. yuddham avasaanichathinusesham, lubawa veendum polandinte bhaagamaayitheernnu, avide athu avidethanne thudarnnu.
sambadghadana.
furniture vyavasaayathinte oru pradhana kendramaanu lubawa. koodaathe, oru "lubawa ezz.eiii."nilavil poolish sainyavum poolish pathrangalum upayogikkunna bullatt proof vesttukal polulla sainika upakaranangalude ettavum valia poolish nirmmathaavaaya kambani ivideyaanu sthithi cheiyunnathu.
vinodasanjaaram.
praadeshika vinodasanchaarathinte kendramaanu lubawa. vasgorsa lubowski" phoorast reserve ekadesham patthu kilometer () padinjaaru bhaagathum manoharamaaya drawaka nadhi ekadesham anchu kilometer () padinjaaru bhaagathekkum ozhukunnu. koodaathe, grenwald yudhathinte aduthulla yudhakkalathil polandil ninnum videshathu ninnum kooduthalum germmaniyil ninnum niravadhi vinodasanchaarikal aakarshikkappedunnu.
sradheyamaaya paithruka kaazhchakalum landmarkkukalum
sports.
lover leagukalil malsarikkunna football club motor lubawa, athlattiks club ell. keey. lubawa enniva praadeshika sports klabbukalil ulppedunnu.
baahya linkukal.
<bii. aarr.>

