
junction group

amerikkayile ohaayoyile chilikkotthil ninnu rund mile thekkupadinjaraayi sthithi cheiyunna oru bhouma nirmmaana sthalamaanu junction group. bhooprakrithikal hoopp well paarambaryavumaayi bandhappettirikkunnu. samakaalika puraavastu gaveshakar eee sthalathe "asaadhaarana" maayi visheshippichittundu. pathonpathaam noottaandinte thudakkathile khananagal eee sthalam kottayorukkunnathinla, marichu shavasamskaram ulppedeyulla mathaparamaya aavasyangalkkaayi upayogichirunnuvennu parayunnu.
peyint kreekkinaduthaanu kunnukaludeyum chuttupaadukaludeyum koottam sthithi cheiyunnathu. innu, mikka kunnukalum mannumalakalum krishi moolam nasippikkappettu. aakasha photography srishtikalude cropmaarkkukal pradarshippichittundu. orikkal mannumalakal nilakondirunna sthalangalil cholam chedikal vyathyasthamayi valarunnathayi sradhikkappettittundu.
sarway charithram.
squier daves 1845.
1845 octoberil ephraim jorjju squier edwin haamilttan daves eee saittil sarway nadatthi. 1848-leeii prasidheekaranamaaya "mississippy thaazhvarayile purathana smarakangal" ennathil avar avarude sandarshanathekkurichu report cheyyum. naalu vrithangal, moonnu chandrakkala, rund chathuraakrithiyilulla srishtikal, naalu kunnukal enniva ulkkollunna saitt avar report cheiyunnu."saittinte kizhakk bhaagathulla oru vrithaakrithiyilulla chuttupaadaanu saittile praadhamika mannu nirmmaanamaayi visheshippikkappedunnathu. chathuraakrithiyilullathum ennaal "valare valanja" moonnu adii uyaramullathumaaya mathilukalulla motham 240 adii vyaasamullathaan ithu. eee chuttupaadukalkk chuttum 160 adii veethiyulla oru chathuraakrithiyilulla kuzhiyaanu. chathuratthinte thekk bhaagathulla oru kavaadam praveshana kavaadamaayi varthikkunnu. kavaadathinu 25 adii veethiyundu.
valia chuttupaadil ninnu 130 adii thekkupadinjaraayi sthithicheyyunna oru cheria kunninkoottatthe squier davikalum vivarikkunnu. moonnu adii uyaravum 30 adii vyaasavumulla eee cheria kunninpuratthe chuttum oru kuzhiyum mathilum undu. mathilinte vadakku bhagathaanu oru kavaadam sthithi cheiyunnathu. oru chandrakkala manalkkaadine chuttipattiyulla vrithathe "eathaandu sparsikkunna" roopamaayi visheshippikkunnu. ithinu 132 adii vyaasamund. aadyathe chandragrahanathinu 66 adii akaleyaan mattoru chandragrahanam. sarveyil, athine "thyaagathinte oru kunninkoombaaratthil avasaanikkunnu" ennu visheshippikkunnu. ezhu adii uyaravum 45 adii veethiyumullathaanu aaa kunninpuramennu visheshippikkappedunnu. eee kunninkoottatthe avar "muzhuvan srishtikaludeyum adithara" ennu visheshippikkunnu."
avar kunninte khananam cheythappol athu kalimannu kondaanu nirmmichathennu kandethi. kunnin naduvil ninnu oru kuzhi kuzhichu. maramkondulla kalkari ennu squier davikalum visheshippikkunna oru paali kunnin mukalil ninnu moonnu adii thazheyaayi kandethi. kalkarikku moonno naalo inch kanamundaayirunnu. eee kalkari manalkkallin purathu kalimannil kalarthi ekadesham oru adii akale thakarnnathayi kandethi. ithinartham oru ghattathil kunnu aswasthamaayennaanu avar karuthiyath. kunninpuratthu, maram kondulla kalkariyude paaliyil oru manushya asthikoodam avar kandethi. athu "valare shayikkappetta"thaanennum thalayottiyum thaadiyellum thakarnnuvennum avar shradhichu.
asthikoodathinu thaazhe mannu undaayirunnu, avaa kunninte madhyabhaagathekku neengumbol mannu kooduthal kalkariyumaayi kalarnnu. kunnin mukalil ezhu adii thaazhchayil moonnu manushya asthikoodangal koodi avar kandethi. asthikoodangal nalla avasthayilaanennu vivarikkapettu. asthikoodangal padinjarottu choondikkondu arikil sthaapichu. avaa mannum kalimannum chernna misrithangalaal moodappettirunnu. mathaparamaya uddeshyangalkkaayi kunnukalil palappozhum kaanapedunna oru tharam balipeetatthinte oppaan eee moodupadam ennu avar report cheythu. kunnin mukalil athinte nirmmaanathinushesham thurannuvennum athinte ghadana thakarnnuvennum avar shradhichu."kandethiya moonnu asthikoodangal thaddesheeyaraayirunnuvennu squier davikalum vishwasichu, yadhaartha nirmmathaakkal pradesham vittathinushesham mannukal oru shmashaanamaayi upayogichu. asthikoodangalude samrakshanathinteyum aadhunika indiakkaar avarude marichavare kuzhichidunna "aazhamillaatha shavakudeerangaludeyum" gunanilavaaratthe adisthaanamaakkiyaanu avar ithu vishwasichathu. kunnin mukalil avashishtangalum kandethi.
eee kandethalinu sesham, eee sthalam mathaparamaya upayogathintethaayirunnum kottayadikkallennum thangal vishwasichirunnathaayi squier daves abhiprayappettu. "avar oru eratta uddeshyathinu utharam nalkiyirikkaam, geyimukalude aaghoshathinaayi upayogichirikkaam".

