
project morpheus

morpheus lander enna lamba take oof, lamba landing (vtvl) testt vahanam vikasippikkunnathinayi 2010 ll aarambhicha naasayude oru padhathiyaanu project morpheus. oru puthiya visharahita bahirakasha pedaka propellant samvidaanavum (meedhane, ooksijan) svayambharana landing, apakadasaadhyatha kandethal saankethikavidyayum pradarshippikkaan uddeshichullathaanu ithu. prototype planetary landerinu lambamaya take oof, landing ennivayulppede svayambharana parakkal sheshiyund. chandranil charakk irakkaanum paratthaanum kazhiyunna naasa roopakalppana cheytha robotic landerukalaanu vahanangal. ivide bhoomiyil vilakuranjathum surakshithavumaanennu mathramalla, chandranilum chovvayilum nirmmikkaan saadhyathayullathumaaya proppallantukalil vishwasaneeyamaayi pravartthikkunna oru enchinaanu prospekt. (kaanuka inn-sittu vibhava upayogam.)
naasayude jonson bahirakasha kendratthilum (jsc) dallasinu sameepamulla armadillo aerospacinte soukaryathilumaanu alfa prototype lander nirmmikkukayum kootticherkkukayum cheythath. ekadesham vyasamullathum ekadesham bharamullathum avionics boxukalkku mukalilulla naalu silver golaakrithiyilulla propellant taankukalum vayarukalude oru valay ulkkollunnathumaaya oru "bahirakasha pedakamaanu prototype lander".
chelavu, samayam laabhikkunna "melinja vikasana" enchiniyaring reethikal padhathi pareekshikkunnu. uchithamaaya graundu ooppareshans, flaitt ooppareshans, rench sephtti, software development nadapadikramangalude prachodanam enniva mattu project pravarthanangalil ulppedunnu. landing paadukalum kantrol sentarukalum nirmmichu. 2010 joolaiyil padhathi aarambhichathumuthal, adutha 4 varshathinullil ekadesham 14 dasalaksham dollar meteeriyalukalkkaayi chelavazhichu; athinaal morpheus padhathi naasaykk durbalav kuranja chelavilullathumaanennu kanakkaakkappedunnu. 2012ll 25 muzhuvan samaya team amgangaleyum 60 vidyaarthikaleyum padhathi niyamichu. oru kaalath sharashari 40 perr padhathiyil jolie cheythirunnu. project morpheus chittappedutthiya prakriyakalum sanbradaayangalum aavishkarikkukayum upayogikkukayum cheythu. morpheus landerinte avasana parakkal 2014 disambarilaayirunnu. kooduthal vimaanagalkk panam illaathathinaal lander 2015 februvariyil jeey. ezz. sii. yilek thirike nalki. padhathi aarr aupachaarika rekhakal hajarakki. 2015 march 12-leeii padhathi avalokanathinte avasaanathil, melinja vikasana reethikal, documentation kuraykkuka, hoome dippo, msc industrial direct, dablyu ennivayil ninnu bhagangal vaanguka enniva vazhi 50 dasalaksham dollar laabhikkappettathayi kanakkakkappettu. dablyu. grencher.
charithram.
2010 joolaiyil aarambhicha project morpheus, swapnangalude greak devanaaya morpheasinte perilaanu ariyappedunnathu. armadillo aerospacinte sahaayathode project emm nirmmicha pareekshanathmaka landeril ninnaan morpheus bahirakasha pedakam uruthirinjathu. 1000 divasathinullil chandra uparithalathil oru humanoid robot roopakalppana cheyyaanum vikasippikkaanum irakkaanum naasa nadatthiya oru samrambhamaan project emm (naasa). 2006ll naasayude konstaleshan prograam chandranilekku manushyan madangivaraan padhathiyittappol landerinte chila samvidaanangalude pravartthanangal aarambhichu.
athe varsham 2006-ll, naasayude noottaand velluvilikalude bhaagamaayi armadillo aerospace aadyathe pixel rokkatt landeril chandra lander chalanchil praveshichu.
morpheus <aii. dii. 1> yoonit oru pareekshana vahanam 2011 epril 15 nuu aadyamaayi choodaakki.
morpheasinte puthiya enchin kooduthal proppallantukal vaayuvilekku uyarthikkond kooduthal kaalam parakkaan nasaye anuvadichu. 2013ll enchin veendum naveekarikkukayum oduvil athicherukayum cheythu. landing gearinte oru puthiya roopakalppana mechanical maattangalude bhaagamaayirunnu. naasa avionicsine maatti-ithil vaidyuthi vitharanavum sambharanavum, upakaranangal, flaitt computer, ashayavinimayangal, software enniva ulppedunnu. mechappeduthiya landing samvidaanam pixalukalil ninnu vyathyasthamayi, oru pailattinte sahayamillaathe liphttoph cheyyaanum parakkanum land cheyyaanum morpheusine anuvadikkunnu.
rench suraksha aavasyangalkkaayi morpheus#1 prototype guided saborbittal reusible rokkattinte vibhaagathil pedunnu.
2012 joolaiyil prototype lander soujanya flaitt testinginaayi kenneddy bahirakasha kendrathilekku ayaykkukayum morpheus lander kaanaan maadhyamangale shanikkukayum cheythu. 2012 august 9 nuu, prototype morpheus <aii. dii. 1> yoonit eiii (alfa) lander kenneddy bahirakasha kendratthil athinte randaamathe thadassamillaatha parakkal nadathumbol take oof cheyyumbol thakarnnu veenu. arcum parikkettitla, swathukkalkku kedupaadukal sambhavichittillenkilum vahanam attakuttappanikalkk vidheyamaayi. padhathi kaaranam anweshikkukayum bii kettida yoonit thudarnnu. 2012-nte randaam pakuthiyil project morpheus alhat teamukalum samyojippichu.
2013 februvari 7 nuu, project morpheus team thangal morpheus 1.5bii, 1.5sii vahanangal nirmmichathaayi blogg cheythu. aaa varsham avasaanam kenneddy bahirakasha kendratthil swatantra-flaitt parishodhanayilekku madangunnathinulla thayyaareduppinaayi 2013 leeii jonson bahirakasha kendratthile spring springle vahanangal staatik hoott fayar, dynamic tethered flaitt testtukalkku vidheyamaayi.
2013 meyy 1 nuu, jonson bahirakasha kendratthil morpheus <aii. dii. 1>. 5 yoonit bii testt bedd maatti sthaapichu. oru thrastt maine enchinum integrated ooksijan/meedhane reaction kantrol sisttavum (arcs) maattisthaapikkunnathinthi mechappeduthalukalil ulppedunnu, ithu ore taankukalil ninnu propellant varaykkunna pradhana, arcs enchinukalulla aadyathe ooksijan/meedhane vahanavum cryogenic arcs sisttam upayogikkunna aadya vaahanavumaanu. 2013 juun 14 nuu ore divasam ore lander upayogichu rund vimanangal nadatthi athivega punarupayogam prakadamaakki. 2013 joolaiyil alhat upakaranangal landerumaayi samyojippikkukayum pareekshikkukayum cheythu. 2013 septambar 26nuu vahanangal nilathu urappichukondu vividha saahacharyangalil 20 short enchin firingukal nadatthi.
2013 novemberil soujanya parakkal parishodhanaykkaayi bravo landerine floridayile kenneddy space sentarilekku (ksc) kondupoyi. lander maattisthaapikkunnathina 750,000 dollarinte bhagangal vaangi. oru antharnirmmitha flame trench upayogichu oru mobail lonch paadu roopakalppana cheythukondu ksc landerile shabda vibrationukal parimithappedutthi.
2014 march 11 nuu nadanna free flaitt 9, bravo vaahanathil alhat censorukal samyojippikkunnathin munbulla avasana parakkalaayirunnu.
2014 meyy 28 nuu alhat pradhana maarganirddesha samvidaanamaayi pravarthichukondu raathriyilaan soujanya flaitt 14 nadathiyathu. apakadasaadyathayulla pradeshathe apakadangal yaanthrikamaayi ozhivaakkappettu.
2014 meyy maasathil naasayude chandra kaattalist samrambhathinaayulla reference metteeriyalinte bhaagamaayirunnu project morpheus.
vikasanathinidayil padicha paadangal velippeduthunna oru prabandham 2013 ll prasidheekarichu, athu bhaavi padhathikalkku upayogapradamaayekkaam. soujanya vimanangal ulppedeyulla samyojitha pareekshana prachaaranatthe vivarikkunna oru prabandham 2014-ll prasidheekarichu.
padhathiyude hraswa charithram nalkunna oru lekhanam 2014 juulai 11 nuu rocketstemil achadichu.
2014 novemberil morpheus landeril adhika alhat censorukal gadippichu. puthiya optiks naavigeshan doppler lidaarine vaahanathinte vegatha bhoomiyumaayi thaarathamyappeduthumbol krithyamaayi alakkaan anuvadikkunnu.
lakshyangal.
morpheus padhathiyude praadhamika lakshyangal thaazhepparayunnavayaayirunu
prathyekichu, morpheus padhathiyum svayambharana landing harjju avoidance teknolaji (alhat) padhathiyum thaazhnna bhouma bhramanapathatthinappuram manushyare kondupokunnathinu aavashyamaaya pradhana gadakangalkku saankethika adithara nalkunnu.
testbedil 1000 poundu vare charakk gadippikkaan kazhiyum, ithu 400 poundu svayambharana landing apakada parihara saankethikavidya (alhat) upakaranangal gadippikkaan anuvadikkunnu, ithu oopparettarmaarude edapedalillaathe landing anuvadikkunnu. uyarnna krithyathayode oru nirddishta sthalathekku parakkanum 5 digriyil kooduthal charivukalum 30 centimeteril kooduthal uyaramulla paarakalum ulppedeyulla apakadangal yaanthrikamaayi ozhivaakkaanum alhat landerine anuvadikkunnu.
chandran polulla sthalangalil oru kroovinoppam thamasikkaan kazhiyunna oru module irakkaan kazhiyunna 500 kilogram payload lander vare skeyil cheyyaanulla saadhyathayekkurich 2013 juunil samgham abhiprayappettu.
hardware savisheshathakal.
chandra uparithalathil robonout allengil samanamaaya valippathilulla payload irakkaan naasa uddeshikkunna oru poornna thothilulla vaahanamaan project morpheus vehicle 'morpheus'. trans-lunar kuthivayppinu sesham bahirakasha pedakam ellah proppallantukalum kathikkum.
chandra bhramanapathathil ninnu touchdown cheiyunnathuvare naavigeshan poornnamaayum svayambharanaadhikaaramullathaanu. deorbit kathiyathinushesham tii. aarr. enn lazer altimetry, staar trackerukal ennivayil ninnaan naavigeshan apdettukal varunnath. deep space naavigeshan radiometric, staar trackerukale aasrayichirikkunnu.
panavum samayavum laabhikkunnathin prototype morpheus landerukal "single-string" prototypeukalaanu, ithinartham yadhaartha bahirakasha yaathraykkaayi rettucheytha oru bahirakasha pedakatthil ninnu vyathyasthamayi avaykku anaavashya samvidaanangalilla ennaanu. ozhivaakkalukal chuvade vivarichirikkunnu.
prathyeka ultra hye freekwansi (yuu. echu. eph) radiokal upayogichu thrastt termination systethilekku (tii. tii. ezz) commandukal ayaykkaam. rench sephtti vazhi tii. tii. ezz upayogikkunnathu rund motorised vaalvukal adaykkum, ithu enchinilekkulla draavaka ooksijanudeyum meedheyninteyum ozhukk nirtthunnu-athuvazhi enchin thrastt avasaanippikkunnu. eee tii. tii. ezz vaalvukal mattu vahana samvidaanangalil ninnu poornnamaayum swathanthramaanu. type IV laserukal kannin surakshithamallathathinaal alhaathinte apakadasaadhyatha kandethal samvidaanathile lesarine tts thadayunnu.
kooduthal vivarangalkk "morpheusa advancing technologies phoor human exploration" enna prabandham kaanuka.
prototype morpheus <aii. dii. 1> yoonit bii lander prototype morpheus <aii. dii. 1>. 5 yoonit landerinte athe roopakalppanayaanu upayogikkunnathu.
prototype morpheus <aii. dii. 1> yoonit sii lander prototype morpheus <aii. dii. 1>. 5 yoonit landerinte athe roopakalppanayaanu upayogikkunnathu.
svayambharana landing apakadasaadhyatha ozhivakkal saankethikavidya.
ooparettar edapedal illaathe landing anuvadikkunna oopshanal autonomous landing hazard avoidance teknolaji (alhat) upakaranangal. uyarnna krithyathayode oru nirddishta sthalathekku parakkanum 5 digriyil kooduthal charivukalum 30 centimeteril kooduthal uyaramulla paarakalum ulppedeyulla apakadangal yaanthrikamaayi ozhivaakkaanum alhat landerine anuvadikkunnu. oru flash lidar, oru lidar doppler velosimeter, oru lazer altimetettar enniva sajeeva censorukalil ulppedunnu.
software.
project morpheus leane development philosophy puthiyathum munbundaayirunnathumaaya softweyarukalude mishrithathinu kaaranamaayi. thaazhepparayunna kaaryangalil software upayogikkunnu
bedd testtukal.
2011 epril vareyulla kanakkanusarichu testt bedd praadhamika shradha kendreekarikkunnathu chandra erangunna profile paratthaan kazhiyunna oru samyojitha propulsion, inertial adhishtitha maargganirddesham, naavigeshan, kantrol (jii. enn & sii) samvidaanangal pradarshippikkuka ennathaanu, athuvazhi svayambharana landing, apakadasaadhyatha ozhivakkal saankethikavidya (alhat), surakshita landing censorukal, clossed-lupe flaitt kantrol sisttam enniva prayogikkunnu. njaan
tank meteeriyalum nirmmanavum, prathikarana niyanthrana thrasttarukal, pradhana enchin prakadana mechappeduthalukal, healium pressurisation samvidaanangal, graundu ooppareshanukal, flaitt ooppareshanukal, rench sephtti, software, avionics architecture thudangiya saankethika prakadanangal adhika lakshyangalil ulppedunnu.
jeey. ezz. siyile vertical testt bedd (vii. tii. bii) flaitt complexes morpheus landerinte testt flaittukal niyantrikkaan naasa amasil ezhuthiya mission kantrol technologies (emm. sii. tii) software vijayakaramaayi upayogikkunnu. pradharshippichirikkunna paaraamettarukalil propellant tank marddangal ulppedunnu.
hoott-fayar, tethered hover testtukal, untethered "free-flaittukal" ennivayulppede oru koottam samyojitha vahana testt flaittukal morpheus vaahanathinaayi roopakalppana cheythu.
hoott fayar testtukalil vaahanathinte exhost pluminu clearance nalkunnathinu lander nilatthinu mukalil kettiyittirunnu. oru uyaram tethered testinginaayi upayogichu.
2011ll nadatthiya testing, testt phalangal, upakarana parishkkaranangal, tethered testt 6 vare, 2012leeii aii. iii. iii. iii aerospace konfaransinte konfarans nadapadikalil bigg skye, emm.
pareekshana vimaanangalude veediyokal morpheus lander chanalil yootyoobil poost cheythittundu. lander kettikkidakkumbol kooduthal sakthamaaya vii1.5 enchinulla 2012 leeii regression testt flaittukalum "athukondaanu njangal pareekshikkunnath" ennu kaanikkunna prasnakaramaaya aadyakaala testt flaittum ithil ulppedunnu.
2012 meyy 10 nuu, viidiyoo "morpheus tether testt 15" ll kaanichirikkunna testt bedd athinte hover, sophtt abort testtukal vijayichu. alhat upakaranangal gadippikkunnathinaayi lander varkshoppilekku thirike nalki. prathikarana niyanthrana samvidaanam (arcs) thrasttarukalum gadippichirunnu.
2012 venalkkaalath, morpheus lander vii. 1.5 yoonit eiii floridayile kenneddy bahirakasha kendrathilekku oru thadassamillaatha parakkal parishodhanaykkaayi maatti. koodaathe, alhat samvidaanathinu oru vyakthamaaya landing saittilekk yaanthrikamaayi naavigettu cheyyaan kazhiyumennu parishodhikkunnathinaayi space shuttle ranveyude attathu nirmmicha paarakalum garthangalum polulla apakadasadhyathakal adangiya oru "apakada feeld" nirmmichu. photoyil kaanunnathupole, kennadiyude vishalamaaya thuranna edangal ranveyum apakada feeld ulppede muzhuvan flaitt pathayum vellam niranja oru kuzhiyulppedunna theepiduthatthaal chuttikkarangaan anuvadikkunnu.
apakadasaadyathayulla eee feeldil chandrante dakshinadhruvathile oru pradeshathe anukarikkunna paarakalude anchu landing paadukal ulppedunnu.
2012 juulai 20 nuu, apollo 11 chandra landinginte 43-aamm vaarshikathil, morpheus testt vahanam vipulamaaya parishodhanaykkaayi kenneddy bahirakasha kendratthil (ksc) ethi. morpheus enchinte uyarnna prakadanamulla echdi5 pathipp 2012 venalkkaalath stennis bahirakasha kendratthil pareekshichu. apakadamekhalayude parisodhanaykkum nirmmaanathinum naasayude advanced exploration systems prograam (aes) panam nalki.
2012 leeii sharathkaalathum 2013 nte thudakkathilum naalaamatheyum anchaamatheyum thalamura morpheus meedhane/loaks rokkatt enchin stennis bahirakasha kendratthil pareekshichu. oru vijayakaramaya deerghakaala pollal 123 second neenduninnu. mattu parisodhanakal kazhivukalum throttil nilakalum parishodhichu.
ksc apakada feeldil oru helikopttar upayogichaanu alhat upakaranangal pareekshichathu. kaattinte disha kanakkiledukkenda morpheus polulla sanjaarapathangal upayogichu onniladhikam vimanangal paratthi.
landerinaayulla indhana taankukal vaikalyangalkkayi veldukal parisodhikkunnathum taankukalude kuranja saikkil aayurdairkhyam sthaapikkunnathinaayi saikling tank marddam ulppede niravadhi parishodhanakaliloodeyum parishodhanakaliloodeyum nadatthi. oru thyagam tank pottunnathuvare sammarddam cheluthiyaanu paramavadhi sammarda sheshi parishodhichathu.
2013 meyy 1 nuu jeey. ezz. siyil replacement yoonit bii morpheus testbed poornnamaayum kettikkidakkumbol 50 second neram vedivachu. samyojitha meedhane prathikarana niyanthrana samvidaanam (arcs), thrastt vekttar kantrol (tvc) jettukalum prayogichu. vaahanathilum graundu sisttangalilum niravadhi mechappeduthalukal ulppeduthiyittundu.
2013 meyy 16 nuu jeey. ezz. siyil nilathu urappichukondu testt bedd vedivaykkukayum pinneedu nilatthinu mukalil kettukayum thudarnnu chila prathikarana niyanthrana samvidaana parisodhanakal nadathukayum cheythu. oru cheria chorcha nannakki, ithu vaibreshante phalangalude parisodhana naamamaathramaayirikkaan anuvadichu. pareekshanatthinulla thayyaareduppinaayi, pareekshana mekhalaykku chuttumulla theepiduttham sugamamakkukayum oru cheria "flame trunch" kuzhippikkukayum cheythu.
2013 meyy 24nuu jeey. ezz. siyil <aii. dii. 1> testt bedd uyarnna kattil aayirunnu. nalla ignition kayaralum undaayirunnu. vahanam svayam sthiratha kaivarikkaan shramikkumbol aantharikamaayi nischayichittulla athirthi paridhi marikadannappol sophtt abort vimanam nirtthi.
2013 juun 6 nuu jeey. ezz. siyil 22-aamm nambar testtil oru testbed 74 second vijayakaramaayi parannu. 60 second neenduninna eee hover sugamamayirunnu. praadhamika imu upayogichu.
2013 juun 11 nuu jeey. ezz. siyil nadanna oru tethered testtil backup inertial mesherment yoonit (aii. emm. yuu) athinte flaitt testtil vijayichu. 17 second thoongikkidakkunnathul 27 second neenduninna parakkalaan nadannathu.
2013 juun 14nuu rund titered vimanangal nadatthi. indhanabhaarathile asanthulithaavastha kaaranam vahanam athinte suraksha mekhala marikadannappol aadyathe firing sophtt abort cheythu. randaamathe vedivayppu vijayakaramaayirunnu. ithu enchin punaraarambhikkunnathaayi kanakkakkunnu. randaamathe parakkalinide, vahanam athinte praadhamika inertial mesherment yoonit (iii. emm. yuu) upayogikkunnathil ninnu secondary iii. emm. yuvilekk vijayakaramaayi maari.
2013 juulai 2 nuu morpheus landeril gadippichirikkunna alhat upayogichu samyojana parisodhanakal nadatthi. eee parisodhanakalil landerinte kaalukal blokkukalude vyathyastha uyarangalil uyarthiya "tiltt" testtukal ulppedunnu, athinaal manobhaavam lambamalla.
2013 juulai 11 nuu, svayambharana landing & hazard evoidance teknolaji (alhat) lazer censorukal samyojippicha morpheus vaahanamaya "bravo" yude aadyathe tethered flaitt testt nadatthi. randaamathe shramathil oru nalla ignition undaayirunnu, ennaal kayatta samayat vahanam daunrenju vivarthanam cheyyukayum tether testukalkkaayi aantharikamaayi nischayichittulla shreni suraksha athirthi paridhi (+/−4 meter) marikadakkukayum cheythu, ithu oru automatic sophtt abortinu kaaranamaakunnu.
2013 juulai 23nuu, tethered testt 26 vijayakaramaayi nadatthi. lander alhat rund vyathyastha uyarangalilekku parannu. praadhamika arcs (meedhane/loaks), backup arcs (hii) enniva upayogichu, ithu tetharinte avasaanathil vijayakaramaya 'landing' undaakkunnu. laattaral vinodayaathra paramavadhi 0.20 meter mathramaayirunnu. apakada lakshyam thirichariyaan alhaathinte tracking imajing naamamaathramaayirunnu.
2013 juulai 27 nuu samyojitha morpheus/alhat tethered testt 27 pravarthichu. lander parannuyarnnu, alhat imajing thudarnnu oru laattaral translation nadatthi.
2013 august 7nuu 28-aamm nambar testt vijayakaramaayi nadatthi. 80 second neenduninna oru parakkalil vahanam oru enchin ignition, kayattam, simulated maars manninu mukaliloode 3 meter laattaral translation, mukal bhaagath 40 second hover, swatantra parakkal maargganirddesham upayogichu "landinglake" charinja irakkam enniva nadappilaakki. ploom padanatthinte bhaagamaayi jettu propulsion laborattari (jpl) aanu chovvayude simulated mannu nalkiyathu.
2013 august 23nuu jeey. ezz. siyil bravo lander 29-aamm testtil vijayakaramaayi tether cheythu. 50 second flaitt braavoyude pravarthanangalil ignition, kayattavum 3 meter laattaral translation ulppedunnu. mukalil 10 second neenthalum soujanya flaitt maargganirddesham upayogichu kreyinil "landing" cheiyunnathilekku charinja irakkavum undaayirunnu.
2013 august 29 nuu, bravo lander jeey. ezz. siyil 63 second tethered testt 30 flaitt vijayakaramaayi nadatthi. 5 meter kayattatthinum 15 second uyarathil sanjarichathinusheshavum 3 meter pinnott laattaral translation nadatthi. thudarnnu mattoru 15 second hover oru forwade slaant disentum.
2013 septambar 18nuu sakthamaaya kaattil bravo lander tether testt 31 vijayakaramaayi nadatthi. kazhinja divasathe parisodhana scrub cheythathinu sesham eee parakkal pettennulla mattamaayirunnu. vividha prasnangal team pariharichu.
2013 septambar 24nuu lander nilathu ninnu vikshepichu. garbhachhidrathinu kaaranamakunna niravadhi prasnangal kandethi. thettaaya "enchin nosal bayne-throo" alert, enchin staarttap asthiratha enniva prasnangalil ulppedunnu. 2013 septambar 26nuu echu. eph. 10 testt nadatthi. vividha marddangal, thaapanila, oorjja nilakal ennivayil ore divasam enchin 20 short firingukal ithil ulppedunnu. staarttap samayat enchinte asthirathayude athirthikal anweshikkaanaanu anweshanam lakshyamittath.
2013 october 29 nuu lander athinte rokkatt enchin meedhane/loxes jeey. ezz. siyile kuzhiyude mukalil 600 emm. ezz. cathicalil aarr ennam nadatthi. asthirathakal undaayirunnilla. 2013 november 1 nuu, ellah software hardware mechappeduthalukalum ulppeduthikkondu, lander vijayakaramaayi oru tethered flaitt testt nadatthi. tether pinthunaykkumbol vahanam oru eyar staartt nadatthi. 2013 november 7 nuu, graundu testt take oof aandu landing (jii. tii. ell) upayogichu jeey. ezz. siyil lander pareekshikkunnath padhathi poortthiyaakki. vahanam naamamaathramaayi parannu lakshyathinte cross renchilum thazhekkumaayi erangi. nilatthe vikshepana staandukalil ninnu uyarthunnathilum uyarathilekku parakkunnathilum, hover, disant profile, athinte vikshepana pooyintil ninnu oru prathyeka padilekku nilathu thirike irakkunnathilum vaahanathinte prakadanatthe jii. tii. ell testt savisheshathappeduthi. 2012 august 9 nuu thaazhe koduthirikkunna sambhavam 2 velippeduthiya thettukal ippol kandethukayum pariharikkukayum cheythathayi ithu soochippikkunnu.
2013 desember 6 nuu floridayile kenneddy bahirakasha kendratthil nadanna tether testt 33ll samyojitha vahanam vijayichu. ithu tethered testt 29-nte aavarthanamaayirunnu. texacil ninnu kondupoyathinu sesham bravo lander sariyaanennu parishodhikkaanaan praadhamika parisodhana nadathiyathu. 2013 desember 10 nuu, oru morpheus prototype landerinte aadya soujanya parakkal kenneddy bahirakasha kendratthinte shuttle landing soukaryathil vijayakaramaayi nadatthi. 54 second dairkhyamulla pareekshanam aarambhichath morpheus lander oru jwala kuzhikku mukalil ninnu vikshepikkukayum ekadesham 50 adii uyarathil kayarukayum thudarnnu ekadesham 15 second neendu nilkkukayum cheythathodeyaanu. lander pinneedu munnott parannu vikshepana pooyintil ninnu 23 adiyum lakshyasthaanathu ninnu 6 inchum akale athinte padilekku pathichu.
2013 desember 17 nuu morpheus lander soujanya parakkal vijayakaramaayi nadatthi. munkootty aasoothranam cheytha paatha kutamatta reethiyil parannu, uddeshicha lakshythinullil land cheythu. lakshyathile kayattatthinte vegatha nilanirthunnathinaayi () ll hrasvamaayi thaalkkaalikamaayi nirtthiya sesham morpheus bhoomiyil ninnu jwala kuzhikku mukaliloode ekadesham () uyarathilekku kayari. alhat apakada feeldinullil oru samarppita landing padilekku erangunnathinu munbu vahanam ekadesham () akathekku parannu.
2014 januvari 16nuu keey. ezz. sii. shuttle landing soukaryathil soujanya flaitt 5 vijayakaramaayi nadatthi. bravo vahanam athinte munkaala vimaanangale apekshichu kooduthal vegathayil parannu. munkootty aasoothranam cheytha pathayil () lake vegathil kayarukayum, erangumbol () sanjarikkukayum, vikshepichathinu oru minittinusesham apakadasaadyathayulla feeldil uddeshicha lakshyathil ninnu ekadesham 11 inch thaazhekku erangukayum cheiyunnu. 2014 januvari 21nuu bravo 6 enna swatantra parakkal nadatthi. 64 second neenduninna oru parakkalil vahanam 25 secondinullil mukalilekku kayarukayum thudarnnu munnott parakkukayum cheythu. aasoothranam cheythathupole, bravo lakshyasthaanathu ninnu apakada feeldil () ethi. kayattatthinte paramavadhi vegatha () aayirunnu.
2014 februvari 10nuu soujanya flaitt 7 keey. ezz. siyil paratthi. bravo () uyarathilekku parannu, thudarnnu apakada feeldil erangunnathinu munbu () kadannupoyi. vahanam athinte munkootty aasoothranam cheytha pathayil kutamatta reethiyil parannu, paramavadhi kayatta vegathayil ethi, vikshepanathinu sesham athinte uddeshicha lakshyathil oru landing nadatthi. parishodhanakalkkidayile uyaram pradhana bhagamallennum ennaal check outtu, graundu loading, flaitt, recovery pravartthanangal ennivayude ellah ghattangalum ulppede labhicha flaitt anubhavam pradhaanamaanennum enchineeyarmaar parayunnu.
2014 februvari 14num 2014 march 3num, hraswavum neelamullathumaaya palatharam pulsukal upayogichu landerinte roll kantrol sisttathinte (arcs) hoott fayar parisodhana ksc-yill nadatthi. multy-sentar morpheus team 2014 march 5 budhanaazhcha kenneddy space sentar (ksc) shuttle landing fesilittiyil (slf) soujanya flaitt 8 vijayakaramaayi poortthiyaakki. bravo vahanam 36 secondinullil parannu, athinte yadhaartha lakshyathil ninnu apakada feeldil erangunnathinu munbu (apakadasaadhyatha ozhivaakkunna simulating) vimaanathinte madhyathil kozhs vazhithirichuvidunnathu ulppede. vahanam paramavadhi 13 meter/second vegathayil athukayum vikshepichathinu 79 second kazhinju uddeshicha lakshyathil ninnu ekadesham 10 inch thaazhekku pathikkukayum cheythu.
2014 march 11 chovvazhcha morpheus team ksc slfl soujanya flaitt 9 (eff 9) vijayakaramaayi poortthiyaakki. ithu morpheasinte ettavum uyaram koodiyathum (, wab & washington smaarakathekkaal uyaram koodiyathu), ettavum vegathayeriyathum (lambavum thirascheenavum) innuvareyulla ettavum dooreyullathumaaya () parakkalaan.
2014 maarchinte backie kaalayalavil alhat hardware veendum chertthathu 2014 march 27nuu asambliyude vijayakaramaya tethered testt anuvadichu. tether testt 34 flaitt tractory rund hoverukalum oru kayattathinidayil oru vivarthanavum ulla tidi33, tidi29 ennivaykku samanamaayirunnu. 2014 epril 2 nuu alhat ooppan lupe modil vechaanu free flaitt 10 (eff 10) nadannathu. alhat apakada feeld chithreekarikkukayum thalsamayam naavigeshan pariharangal kanakkaakkukayum cheythu. morpheus paramavadhi 804 adii (245 meter) uyarathilekku kayarukayum pinneedu thudakkathil 30 digri glydeslopyl munnottum thaazhekkum parakkukayum thudarnnu 50 secondinullil motham 1334 adii (406.5 meter) thirascheenamaayi cover cheyyukayum, aadya lakshyathil ninnu 78 adii (23.8 meter) landing saittilekk vazhithirichuvidukayum, alhat apakada feeldinte munvashath (thekk) oru samarppita landing padilekku erangukayum cheiyunnu. motham flaitt samayam ~ 96 secondaayirunnu, ithu innuvareyulla ettavum dairkhyameriya flaittaanu. 2014 epril 24 nuu soujanya flaitt 11, alhathil chila maattangalode soujanya flaitt 10-nte aavarthanamaayirunnu. 2014 epril 30 nuu soujanya flaitt 12 eff 10 nte aavarthanamaayirunnu, pakshe alhat landing lokkeshan thiranjedutthu.
2014 meyy 22nuu swatantra vimaanathil alhat apakadasaadyathayulla sthalathu landing lokkeshanil surakshithamaaya oru sthaanam nirnnayikkukayum lander athilekku paratthukayum cheythu.
morpheus/alhat team 2014 meyy 28 budhanaazhcha ksc slfl soujanya flaitt 14 (eff 14), braavoyude 12-aamatheyum alhaathinte 5-aamatheyum soujanya flaitt-aadya ratri flaitt enniva vijayakaramaayi poortthiyaakki. prarambha daatta ellah vahana samvidaanangaludeyum naamamaathramaaya prakadanatthe soochippikkunnu. alhat haard dittakshan sisttam (echds) nannayi pravarthichuvenkilum landing paadinte madhyabhaagathu yaadhaasthithikamaayi sthaapicha paridikk purathulla oru surakshita saitt thiricharinju. alhat appol thanne dedd-reconing aayirunnappol, tractoryude erangunna ghattathil vahanam naavigeshan ettedukkunnathode, muzhuvan sameepanathiloodeyum clossed-lupe modil vaahanathe naavigettu cheythu. kuranja yaadhaasthithika position error paridhikal alhattine landinglake naavigettu cheyyaan anuvadichirunnuvenkil, vahanam appozhum surakshithamaayi padilekku erangumaayirunnu.
nirnaayakamallaatha thaapanila athinte paridhi kaviyunnath moolam parajayappetta ignition ulppede chila preflight prasnangal team marikadannu, ithu vijayakaramaya randaamathe shramathinaayi sariyaakki.
2014 november 19nuu keey. ezz. siyil morpheus lander pareekshichu. naavigeshan doppler lidaarine nilavumaayi thaarathamyappeduthumbol vaahanathinte vegatha krithyamaayi alakkaan anuvadikkunna puthiya optiks upayogichu alhat hardware mechappeduthi. remot kantrol sisttathile takaraar kaaranam parisodhana nirtthivachu. ithuvare 1,134 secondukalaayi enchin kathikkondirikkukayanu. 
2014 desember 2 chovvazhcha ksc slfl nadanna tether testt 36 (tidi36) oru regression testaayirunnu. bravo vahanam athinte aasoothrithamaaya 40 second paatha kutamatta reethiyil pinthudarnnenkilum chila poruthakkedukal kandethiyittundu. eee vairudhyangal vilayiruthunnathinum vahanavum graundu sisttangalum oru soujanya flaitt testtine pinthunaykkaan thayyaaraanenn urappakkunnathinum daatta avalokanam cheythu.
2014 desember 15 nuu floridayile kenneddy bahirakasha kendratthile shuttle landing soukaryathinte vadakke attathu ninnu 800 adii uyarathil prototype lander free flaitt testt nambaril uyarnnu. 15. 97 second pareekshanatthinide, alhat, surakshita landing saittukalkkayi apakada feeldil sarway nadatthi, thudarnnu landerine vijayakaramaya landinglake munnottum thaazhekkum nayichu.
 aasoothrithamaaya pareekshanam poortthiyaayi. lander jeey. ezz. siyilekku thirike kondupoyi. pareekshanam ulppedeyulla padhathi avalokanam 2015 march 12nuu nadannu.
pareekshana upakaranangalum graundu ooppareshanukalum.
saadhaarana enchiniyaring upakaranagalkk purame niravadhi parisodhanaa upakaranangal nirmmikkukayo sambharikkukayo cheythu. choodil ninnum avashishtangalil ninnum samrakshikkunna kreyinukal, oru tether, tetherine niyanthrikkunnathinulla oru banchi, oru oorjja agiranam enniva ithil ulppedunnu. agninirodhitha aluminium theneechakkoodu niracha oru lohakkuzhalaayirunnu oorjja agiranam.
konkreett lonch paadukalum landing paadukalum nirmmichu. kenneddy bahirakasha kendratthil bhoochalanathinaayi oru cheria jwala kuzhal apakada mekhalaykku sameepam kuzhichu (alhat pareekshikkaan nirmmichathu). camerakalum recording upakaranangalum sthaapichu. computerukalum radio ashayavinimaya upakaranangalum upayogikkunnu.
lander neekkaan trolleykal, baattarikal, upabhogavasthukkal enniva upayogichu. suraksha vasthrangalum kattagari IV laserukalkkethire netra samrakshanavum nalki.
oru saadhaarana testt dinathil graundu ooppareshans staaf roll-outtu muthal morpheus hangeril thirichethunnathuvare ekadesham 10 manikkoor jolie cheiyunnu. suraksha hraswavum vaahanathinte purathekkumulla yaatra, pree-phil aukkt, propellant looad (draavaka ooksijan, draavaka meedhane), chorcha parisodhana, anthima thayyaareduppu, parakkal, parishodhanaykk sheshamulla parisodhana ennivayaanu divasathinte vividha bhagangal. paadu crewe kantrol sentarum thammil pravartthanangal vibhajikkappettirikkunnu. athupole thanne bhoogarbha vaidyuthi, kreyinukal, looad cellukal, propellant tankerukal ennivaykkulla lander electrical baattarikal vikshepana staandukalilekku puranthallendathundu.
sahakaranagal.
naasayude jonson bahirakasha kendram niravadhi sthaapanangal, academic instaaleshanukal, mattu naasa kendrangal ennivayumaayi sahakarichu alfa, bravo prototype morpheus landerukal nirmmikkukayum pareekshikkukayum cheythu.
morpheusinum alhattinum vendi jssic flaitt testinginaayi kenneddy space sentarumaayi (ksc); enchin testinginaayi stennis space sentar (ssc); enchin vikasanathinum lander vaidagdhyathinumaayi marshell space flaitt sentar (emsfc); coor flaitt software vikasanathinaayi goddard space flaitt sentar (gsfc); alhat vikasanathinaayi langli research sentar (larke), jettu propulsion laborattari (jpl) ennivayumaayi pankaalithamundu. jacobs enchiniyaring, armadillo aerospace, drapper laabukal thudangiya samrambhangalumayulla vaanijya pankaalittham padhathiyude niravadhi vashangalude vikasanavum pravartthanavum vardhippichu."
purdue sarvakalaashaalayude sucro laabukal aadyakaala morpheus enchin roopakalppana cheyyaan sahayichu. 2014ll indiaanayile vestt laafayattile sucro laabukalil enchin vijayakaramaayi theepidichathulppede niravadhi pareekshanangal nadatthi. doow. vilyam aandezhsanum onniladhikam maastezhs, phd vidyaarthikalum.
aarogyavum surakshyum sambandhicha prasnangal.
draavaka ooksijan/draavaka meedhane bipropullant misritham hydrasininekkaal kaikaaryam cheyyaan valare eluppavum surakshithavumaanenkilum, proppallantukalkk thee pidikkaan kazhiyum, cryogenic indhana taankukalum divaarukalum pottitherikkum.
padavi.
morpheus prototype liqvid ooksijanum meedhane (loaks/meedhane) propulsion sisttavum prakadanam, laalithyam, vishwaasyatha, punarupayogam ennivayil gunangal prakadippichu. chovvayude uparithalathil nirmmikkunna proppallantukal upayogikkunnathinum kayattathinaayum power, life support sistangalumaayi samyojippikkunathinum loaks/meedhane puthiya kazhivukal nalkunnu. chovvayude vaasthuvidyayude niravadhi gathagatha gadakangalkkaayi loaks/meedhane manushya bahirakasha pedakatthinu vipuleekarikkaan kazhiyumennu nirnnayichu. proppallantukal oru bahirakasha shoonyathayil vishwasaneeyamaaya ignition bahirakasha pedakatthinte vishwasaneeyamaaya surakshaykko shudheekaranathino ganyamaaya gunangal nalkunnu. "eee pareekshanatthiloode, grahathil erangunna saankethikavidyayumaayi bandhapetta saankethika sannadhathayude level 6 (tii. aarr. ell) naasa nedi."
morpheus lander flaitt prakadanangal chandra uparithalathil thekkupadinjaaran gaveshana sthaapanathinaayi oru shaasthra payload irakkaan moonn aging regolith pareekshanam (maar) ennu peritta oru discovery prograam dauthyathinaayi loaks/meedhane upayogikkaanulla nirddeshathilekku nayichu. eee douthyathinte landerine navis (inn-sittu sayansinaayulla naasa svayambharana vahanam) ennu vilikkunnu.
2022 nte thudakkathil chandranil erangaan nirddeshikkappetta nova-sii chandra landerilum vikasippicha saankethikavidya prayogikkunnu.
kurippukal.
eiii. meedhane paristhithi sauhrudamaanu (i.iii. inn-sittu" (isru) nirmmikkunnathiloode gathagatha chelavu kuraykkumennu naasa prathekshikkunna visharahita) propellant. udaaharanathinu, chovvayude anthareekshathil kaanapedunna kaarban dye ooksaidine (CO2) meedheynaakki maattaan sabattiyar prathikaranam upayogikkaam, bhoomiyil ninnu hydrajan kandethukayo kondupookukayoo cheyyuka, oru kaattalistum taapa srotassum. bhoomiyude chandranilum chovvayilum kaanapedunna jalamannil ninnu hydrajan nirmmikkam.