lando

germmaniyile thekkan reinland-paalattinettile suddlishe weinstrass ("thekkan wine root") jillayal chuttapetta oru svayambharana ("chriesphrey") pattanamaan laandau (), audyogikamaayi laandau inn derr fals (). ithu oru sarvakalashaala pattanamaan (1990 muthal), deerghakaala saamskaarika kendravum oru markkattum shopping tounum, munthirithottangalum wine valarunna graamangalum kondu chuttapetta paalattinett wine mekhalayaanu. jarmman wine roottil paalattinett vanathinu kizhakkayi laandau sthithi cheiyunnu.
arshaim, damhime, godramstein, morhem, morshime, nasdorf, kyoochaim, volmeshime ennee jillakal (oorttstail) ithil ulppedunnu.
charithram.
1106ll laandau aadyamaayi oru vaasasthalamaayi paraamarsikkappettu. ithu lainingen-dagsburg-landekkinte kaivashamaayirunnu, avarude aayudangal, saamraajyathva kazhukante oru eskachiyon kondu vyathyasthamaayirunnu, 1955 vare laandauyude aayudhangalaayi pravarthichu. germmaniyile rudolph onnaaman rajaavu eee pattanatthinu oru charter nalki, 1291ll eee pattanatthe oru swatantra saamraajyathva pattanamayi prakhyaapichu; ennirunnaalum jillayile pradhana bhoovudamayaaya prins-bishop emichu oof spare 1324ll eee nagaram pidichedutthu. 1511 vare nagaram athinte purathana avakashangal maximilian onnaamanil ninnu veendeduthilla. 1276ll oru augustin sanyasi madam sthaapikkappettu.
1648-leeii westfaaliya samadhaanathinushesham, lando niyanthranam fraansinu kaimari, ennirunnaalum chila nirvachikkappedaatha samvaranangalode. laandau pinneedu 1680 muthal 1815 vare fraansinte bhaagamaayirunnu, aaa samayat ithu alsasile patthu swatantra nagarangalaya "decapolil" onnaayirunnu, koodaathe luis pathinaarinte sainika vaasthusilpiyaaya vaubaan athinte aadhunika kottakal 1688-99 ll sweekarichu, ithu cheria pattanatthe (1789-leeii janasamkhya ekadesham 5,000 aayirunnu) europile ettavum sakthamaaya kottakalilonnakki. spanish pinthudarchaavakaasha yudhathil athinu naalu uparodhangal undaayirunnu. undaayirunnu uparodham franchukaarkku nashtamaayathinusesham landoyl oru saamraajyathva kaaval seena sthaapikkappettu. 1703 october 13 muthal november 15 vareyulla thudarchayaaya uparodhathil spareback yudhathile vijayathethudarnnu franchukaar nagaram thirichupidichu. 1704 septambar septambar baden-badenile margrave luis aarambhicha moonnaamathe uparodham 1704 november november franch paraajayathode avasaanichu. eee uparodhakaalath joseph onnaaman rajaavu puthuthayi vikasippicha convertible vandiyil viyannayil ninnu laandauvilethi. eee vandi valare janapriyamaakukayum engleeshilo jarmman bhashayilo lando ennu vilikkappedukayum cheythu. 1713 juun 6 muthal august 20 vare marshell general willermar nadatthiya avasana uparodhathil franchukaar lando veendum pidichedutthu.
pidichedutthu 1789num idayil laandau baas-rinn departmentinte bhaagamaayirunnu. elbayil ninnu rakshappettathin sesham neppoliyante nooru divasathinu sesham, franchaayi thudarnna laandau, 1815ll bavaria raajyathin nalkukayum bavarian raincreyisinte pathimoonnu "besirksamter" (kaundikal) thalasthaanamaayi maarukayum cheythu, pinneedu ithu fals ennu punarnaamakaranam cheyyappettu.
1840ll prashastha rashtreeya kaarttoonist thomas naast laandauvil janichu.
randaam lokamahaayudhathetthudarnna, franch adhiniveshathinte oru pradhana barrack pattanamaayirunnu laandau.
pradhana kazhchakal.
laandauvinte valia pradhana chathuratthil (rathousplats) tounhaalum (rathouse) maarkkat haalum (altes kauphaus) aadhipathyam pulartthunnu. pathonpathaam noottaandil, pazhaya kottakal pazhaya taunn sentarine valayam cheiyunna oru ring roadinu vazhiyorukki, athil ninnu pazhaya vyaavasaayika kettidangal ozhivaakkiyittund. taunn paarkkin abhimukhamaayi uyarnnathum aadhunika "bundesamt" enna praadeshika sarkkar kettidatthinu abhimukhamaayathumaaya art noview sailiyilaanu "festhalle" enna oru kanvenshan haal nirmmichathu.
derr faalsile laandauvile protestant collegiat palli () pattanatthile ettavum pazhaya kettidangalilonnaanu. pathinalam noottaandil palliyude nirmmaanam aarambhichathode pathinaram noottaandinte madhyathil poortthiyaayi.
charitraparamaaya kottakalkkoppam lando madhyabhaagathaanu mrgashaala sthithi cheiyunnathu. mrugangale prakrithidathamaaya chuttupaadukalilaanu paarppichirikkunnathu. kaduvakal, cheettakal thudangi niravadhi videsha enangalum mudrakal, penguinukal, kangaru, arayannagal ennivayum athilereyum mrgashaalayil undu.
sambadghadana.
wine nirmmaanam lando oru pradhana vyavasaayamaayi thudarunnu.
samskaaram.
spanish pinthudarchaavakaashathinte yudhathil oru jodi madakkinalkunna toppukalulla adambara thuranna vandiyaaya "laandau" eee pattanatthil kandupidichu.
eee pattanatthil ninnaan palappozhum ashkenazi enna kudumbapperu uthbhavikkunnath. orupakshe athinte ettavum prashasthanaaya vahichayaal pathinettaam noottaandile talmudistum halakhistum praagile pradhana rabbiyumaaya yecheskel laandau aayirunnu.
eratta pattanangal-sahodari nagarangal.
derr faalsile laandau erattakalaana

