
ts king edward

clyde nadiyil ninnu klaidinteyum anubandha kadal lochukaludeyum pinbhagam vare campbeltown vare camp belttaun vare sevanam nalkunnathinaayi dumbartonil nirmmicha oru ullasayatra steemaraayirunnu ts "king edward". neeravi turbineukal oodikkunna aadyathe vaanijya kappalaya "king edward" 1901 muthal 1951 vare aranoottaandolam oru clyde steemaraayi pravartthikkukayum rund lokamahaayudhangalile sevanangal moolam maathram thadassappedukayum cheythu. kappalinte vijayam chaanal ferrikalum theeradesha steemarukalum muthal atlaantik linerukal vareyulla ellaatharam vyapara kappalukalkkum turbine propulsion sweekarikkunnathilekku athivegam nayichu.
pashchaathalam.
1803ll, samudra upayogathinulla neeravi shakthiyude praayogikatha kaanichu, 1812ll henry bells europile aadyathe vaanijyaparamaayi vijayakaramaya steamboat sevanam aarambhichu, glassgoic helensburghin idayil clyde nadiyil sanjarichu. mattullava taamasiyaathe pinthudarnnu, noottaandinte madhyathode oru valia koottam clyde steemarukal ozhukkil ozhukunna ozhukkil ozhukkil ozhukkil pookunnathinum ozhukkil ozhukkil pookunnathinum vendi malsarichu. noottaandinte avasaanathode paddle steemarukal roopakalppanayude ettavum uyarnna nilayilethiyenkilum vegatha valare uyarnnathaayirunnu, prathyekichu glassgoyil ninnu inverrayilekkum camp belttaunilekkum ulla kappalyaathrakal. eee samayam vare, kappalukalkk parasparamulla neeravi enchinukalaayirunnu karuth pakarnnath. boyilarukal vazhi neeravi uthppaadippikkukayum silindarukalilekku pipe cheyyukayum athil pisttanukal oodikkukayum cheiyunnu, athinte munnottum pinnotum ulla chalanam vadikal bandhippichu rottari chalanamakki maattunnu. aadyakaala kappalukal paddle veelukalaayirunnu oodichirunnathu, ennaal noottaandinte madhyathode scrookal kooduthal prachaarathilaayi. boiler sammarddam vardhikkukayum samyuktha enchinukalil bhaagikamaayi vikasippicha neeravi punarupayogikkukayum cheiyunnathu karyakshamatha valareyadhikam vardhippichuvenkilum, kraankshaafttinte oro thirivilum avayude kanatha parasparabandhitha bhaagangalude thudarchayaaya srishtiyum nashavum enchinukalil valia sammarddam cheluthukayum avaykku nirantharamaaya attakuttappanikal aavashyamaayi varikayum cheythu.
chaals eiii kandupidicha aadhunika neeravi turbine. 1884-leeii paarsanukal, karangunna bhagangal maathram ullathiloodeyum parasparamulla bhagangal illaathathiloodeyum eee prashnangale marikadakkunnu. 1894ll addeham oru cheria pareekshanathmaka neeravi vikshepanam nirmmikkunnathinayi oru syndicate roopeekarichu. oru prashasthamaaya pablisity standil, victoria raajnjiyude simhaasanaarohanathinte vajra jubiliyil 1897 ll nadanna kappalppadayude avalokanathil paarsante neeravi vikshepanam kshanikkappedaatha munkaala yudhakkappalukale solantil vegathilaakki. "turbenia" kettukelviyillaattha vegathayil avare marikadannu, thadayaan ayacha rajakeeya naavikasenayude kappalukale marikadannu. 1898 januvariyil admiraltti turbinil pravartthikkunna oru distroyarinodu utharavittu, aaa varsham thanne oru swakaarya samrambhamaayi nirmmikkunna oru saadhaarana cheruthaayi nirmmicha distroyarinu turbineukal gadippichu. kappalinte purambhaagam shakthippeduthendivanne thudarnnu naavikasena eee kappal vaangukayum kappalin peru nalkukayum cheythu. rund distroyarukalum 1899-ll vikshepichu, avaa randum avarude yanthrangalumaayi bandhamillaattha kaaranangalal, turbine propulsionil admiraltikku ganyamaaya anubhavam labhikkunnathin munbu nashtappettu.
turbininte vikasanathil prasnangal undayirunnathinaal vishalamaaya sveekaaryatha labhikkunnathin munbu atharam anubhavam aavashyamaayirunnu. parasparabandhithamaya neeravi enchin, athinte ellah saidhaanthika thakararukalkkum, ettu pathittaandilere vikasanathil poornnamaayirunnu. athinte nirmmanavum pravartthana savisheshathakalum parakke ariyappettirunnu; ithu uyarnna alavilulla indhanakshamatha nedukayum vividha vegathakalil saambathikamaayi pravartthikkukayum cheythu. ithinu vipareethamaayi, turbine puthiyathaayirunnu; kadaltheera prototype "turbenia" athinte chelaveria vikasanathil enchin prasnangal anubhavichu; vibrationukal kaaranam turbine bladeukal paraajayappedukayum kesinghumaayi sanbarkkam pulartthukayum cheythathinaal kuranja vibrationukalil athinte saidhaanthika nettam saakshaathkarikkappettil, ithu turbineukalkullil vinashakaramaaya naashatthilekku nayichu. churukkatthil, ithu chelaveriyathum theliyikkappedaathathumaaya saankethikavidyayirunnu.
pinneedu nadanna oru charchayude rekhakalil ninnu, kappal nirmmaathaakkalaaya vilyam denny, sahodaranmaar ennivarude pankaliyaaya archibald denny ennivar ithinakam thanne paarsanmaarude oru saankethika pepparil mathippulavaakkukayum oru vyapara kappalin oorjjam nalkaan steem turbineukal upayogikkaanulla nirddeshavumaayi addehathe sameepikkukayum cheythathayi thonnunnu. eee samrambhathe sponsor cheyyaan denny clyde railway steamboat udamakale kshanichenkilum eee paryaveshana anoupachaarika sameepanagalil ninnu onnum undaayilla. eee velluvili ettedukkaan swakaarya steamer kappalukalude udamakalil oraalkk vittukoduthu.
turbine syndicate.
kyapttan joonn vilyamsan thante pithaav kyapttan jaims vilyamsane pinthudarnnu clyde steemarukal svanthamaakkukayum pravarthippikkukayum cheythu, 1893 ll thante aadya kappal vaangukayum oru kappalppada kettippadukkunnathinaayi kappalukal vaangukayum vilkkukayum cheythu. 1897ll oordar cheiyunnathinaayi nirmmicha pii. ezz. "strathmore" ithil ulppedunnu, ithu fairley piyar railway steshan muthal camp belttaun vareyulla sarvees ettedukkukayum vishwasaneeyamaanennu theliyikkukayum cheythu. oru turbine steamer avatharippikkunnathin addeham swathanthramaayi pariganana nalkukayum ithu ettedukkaan sammathikkukayum cheythathayi thonnunnu. 1900 avasaanathode oru syndicate roopeekarikkappettu, athil vilyam denny sahodaranmaarum kappalinte aadya seasonil shambalamillaathe vyakthigathamayi pravarthippikkaan sammathichu, paarsans maraine steem turbine kambani yanthrangal nalkukayum cheythu. sindikkettile oro amgavum kappalinte chelavinte moonnilonnu, athaayath 33,000 poundu (), koodaathe 267 poundu () enniva prarambha pravartthanatthinum pravartthana chelavukalkkumayi nalki. 1901 januvari 22 nuu glassgo southu vestten railway audyogika rekhakalil oru karar thayyarakki, railway terminalil ninnu paarlamentari niyamam swantham kappalukalkk sevanam nalkunnathu nirodhicha pradeshangalilekku oru sevanathinulla eee mechappeduthaline pinthunachu
design.
king edwardinte" puram roopakalppana denny athinte vijayakaramaya steemaraaya "dutches oof haamilttan" neey adisthaanamaakkiyullathum pradhana manangal pankidunnathumaayirunnu. pokkavum veethiyum koodiyathaayirunnu aaa pokkil. aazham ekadesham koodiyathinaal kappal vellathil ninnu valichedukkukayaayirunnu. motham tanej 502 umm motham 182 umm aayirunnu. kappalil 1,966 yaathrakkaare ulkkollaan kazhinju.
yanthrangal purambhaagathu amidshippukalaayirunnu, thaazhathe deck munpilum pinpilum kroovinte kwartezhs villinaduthaayirunnu. eathaandu munvashath chuttapetta oru poornna neelamulla pradhana deck mukalil undaayirunnu, neelatthinte bhooribhaagavum vrithaakrithiyilulla portholukalum valia chathuraakrithiyilulla janaalakalum pinnilundaayirunnu. thaazhathe deckil oro classinum daining saloonukalulla phastt klaas thaamasoukaryangal pinbhaagatthum second klaas munbhaagathumaayirunnu. oru pailat hausum paalavum, mukalilekku chuttunna oru veedu, oru cheria veedu enniva ozhike superstructure allengil promenade deck thurannirunnu. turbineukal paraajayappettuvenn thelinjaal, paddle propulsionilekku parivartthanam cheiyunnathinulla vyavastha promenade deck planking kaanichu. akkaalat savisheshamaayi, rund fanalukalkkum rund vashangalilum oru life bottinum oru hraswa flying deck pinthuna nalki.
paarsan turbineukalil neeravi nalkunna scoach maraine boyilarukal power plaantil ulppettirunnu. neeravi aadyam uyarnna mardhamullah turbine oodichu, athu minittil 700 karakkangalil scru upayogichu oru propeller shaaftaayi maari. madhya turbinil ninnulla exhost neeravi rund thaazhnna mardhamullah turbineukale, iruvashathum onnu, rund propellerukalulla wing shafttukal oronnum 1,000 arpmil thirikkunnu. (1905-ll, outboard shaafttukalil ninnu phoor propellerukal neekkam cheythu, ithu yadhaarthathil prakadanam mechappeduthi). driveukal sradhikkappedaathavayinu, turbineukalude vegatha shaafttukalude vegathayaayirunnu. kuranja mardhamullah outboard turbineukalil avasaanamaayi upayogichathinusesham, neeravi ippol 125 madangu vikasichu kandansarukalaayi theernnu. aastten turbineukal rund wing shafttukalilum pravarthichirunnu, kappal pinnilaayirikkumbol central shaaft nishkriyamaayirunnu. naavikasenayude kappalukalude uyarnna vegathayekkaal indhanathil labhakaramaaya reethiyil mattu clyde steemarukale marikadakkuka ennathaayirunnu lakshyam. uyarnna neeravi marddathil pravartthikkukayum naalu propeller shafttukal oodikkukayum cheiyunna laghuvaayi nirmmicha distroyarukalil ninnu propulsion samvidaanam vyathyasthamaayirunnu. denny puthiya kappalin 651 enna yard nambar nalki.
vikshepanavum pareekshanangalum, prakadanam.
1901 meyy 16nuu srimati kappal vikshepichu. rajakeeya anumathiyode kappalin "king edward" ennu peritta paarsans. kappalinte nirangal kyapttan joonn vilyamsante nirangalaayirunnu-karutha puram, velutha saloonukal, karutha topulla velutha funnelukal, pazhaya "turkish kappalppadayude" nannayi oormmikkappedunna "staar aandu krasent" pennant paratthunnu.
nirmmathaakkal avarude swantham tankle hull phoom pareekshikkukayum turbine yanthrangal upayogichu oru vegatha kaivarikkumennu pratheekshikkukayum cheythu. juun 14nuu aadyathe neeravi pareekshanatthinu sii vyakthiparamayi melnottam vahichu. eiii. parsonsum joonn vilyamsanum, thudarnnu juun 17 nuu shaanthamaaya kaalaavasthayil manuvering trial samayat skelmorely alanna mylil rund ransinte sharashari vegathayaayirunnu. scots oof greenokkil poornnamaaya puram vrithiyaakkiya sesham juun 24 nuu kooduthal pareekshanangal nadannu mylinu mukaliloode ezhu ritten ransil, nediya ettavum mikacha sharashari vegatha. pittennu eiii yude pointhouse yardle. & jeey. vyaasamulla madhya propelleraaya englis vyaasamulla orennathinum vyaasamulla puram propellerukal propeller vyaasathinum kaimaattam cheyyappettu. juun 26 nuu sugamamaya kadal saahacharyangalum neriya kaattum upayogichu pareekshanangal sharashariyum vegathayeriyathumaaya otta rann nedi. juun 28 nuu nadanna audyogika vichaaranaykkide, shanikkappetta athidhikal craisendoranil ninnu ethi, kappal pinneedu doonoon, rohtase, large, fairley, locranza ennividangalilekku idakkaala sandarshanangalumaayi camp belttaunilekku yaathracheythu, avide "dutches oof haamilttan" instittyoott oof neval aarkkidekttukalile amgangalude oru prathyeka partyumaayi kaathirunnu. rund kappalukalum kilbranan shabdathil thaazhekku oodukayum "king edward" paddle steemarine budhimuttillaathe kadannupokukayum cheythu. ellah paddle steemarukalumaayum bandhapetta thaalaathmakamaaya kuthichuchaatta chalanathinum vibration vipareethamaayi, mattu prabhashakarkkoppam turbine steemarinte vegathayeyum sugamata kurichu abhiprayappetta peettar denny, salooninu sheshamulla athaazhathinu adhyakshatha vahichu.
3, 500 soochika kuthirasakthiyum 399 naamamaatra kuthirasakthiyum yanthrangal vikasippichu. "king edwardinte prakadanatthe" "dutches oof haamilttan" "enna athe samayat denny nirmmicha samanamaaya kappalumayi thaarathamyam cheythu, ennaal paddle veelukal oodikkunna parasparabandhitha yanthrangalumaayi". firthile yadhaartha sevanathil turbine kappal sharashari "dutches oof haamilttan" nekkaal vegathayullathaayirunnu. 1902-ll jaims denny pareekshanatthil nediya nettatthe 19.7 notts ulla ettavum aadhunika triple expansion resiprocating enchinukal upayogichulla paramavadhi kanakkaakkiyathumaayi thaarathamyam cheythu, athil prarambha, indhana chelavukal ganyamaayi vardhikkumaayirunnu, ithu turbineukal 20 sathamaanam vardhanavu nalkunnuvennu kaanikkunnu. king edwardinte" indhanakshamatha vegathaykku aanupaathikamaayi vardhikkunnathaayi kandethiyittundennum turbineukal poornna seshiyil pravarthikkumbozhaanu ettavum nallathennum addeham paranju. paramavadhi vaidyuthi ulppaadanathinte 50 shathamaanatholam kuranja vegathayil pravartthikkumbol maathram kappal resiprocating-enchin steemarukalekkaal vegathayil oru nottu kooduthal kalkari kathichu.
currier.
"1901 juulai 1 nuu glassgoilum southu vestten reyilveyude prins piyar greenokkilum ninnu raavile 8.40 nuu divasenayulla oru kappalottatthode king edward sevanathil praveshichu.emm.jii & sr-nte fairley piyar railway steshanil 10.20 eiii. enna sthalathu vilikkunnathinu munbu doonoon, rothese enniva sandarshikkuka.emm. thudarnnu firth kadannu lokransayilekku kappal kayarukayum 12.20 leeii camp belttaunil athicherukayum cheythu. oru cheria adhika chelavil, camp belttaunil ninnu macrihanishilekkulla kuthiravandi coach yathrakal "atlaantik theerangalilekku dainamdina vinodam" vaagdaanam cheythu. madakkayaathrayil kappal vaikunneram 3 manikk camp belttaunil ninnu purappettu.emm. yaathrakkaarkk railway peeril oru train pidichu vaikunneram 6.18 nuu madangaam.emm. glasgoyile sent enochu railway steshanil. prins piyaril ninnu byoottinte keylukal vazhi brodikkilekku ps juno edukkukayum thudarnnu madakkayaathraykkaayi "king edwardine" pidikkaan kochil lokransayilekku yaatra cheyyukayum allengil samanamaaya krameekaranam vipareeta kramatthil nadathukayum cheiyunna oru krameekarana paryadanavum jii & ezz. aarr vaagdaanam cheythu. 1901 joolaiyil vaikunneram 6.5nuu glassgoyil ninnu trainukal purappedunna oru puthiya sayahna cruis avatharippichu.emm. greenokkil "king edward" neey kandumuttukayum ekadesham rund manikkoor dairkhyamulla oru kappalyaathraykkaayi "samgeethathodoppam", athinusesham oru train 10.25 p-ll madangiyethi.emm. glassgoyil. turbine seyilinginte puthumayal yaathrakkaare aakarshikkunna eee kappal valare janapriyamaanennu thelinju, 1901 leeii glasgo anthaaraashtra pradarshanatthil ninnulla adhika gathagathavum mikacha venalkkaala kaalaavasthayum eee season septambar avasaanam vare neettukayum pinneedu shaithyakaalathinaayi kappal sthaapikkukayum cheythu.
1901ll rund steem turbine distroyarukalum thakarkkapettu. august 3nuu echms "wiper" oru parakkettil idichu poornnamaayum nashtamaayi. septambar 17nuu kanatha kaalaavasthayil echu. emm. ezz "naagam" randaayi pilarnnu athivegam mungi. niravadhi paarsan udyogastharum vimaanathilundaayirunna 79 peril 12 perr maathramaan rakshappettath. ithu "king edward" enna turbine steamship avasheshikkukayum turbine propelsionekkurichu chodyangal uyarthukayum cheythu, ennaal nashtam taamasiyaathe distroyarukalude laghuvaayi nirmmicha puramthottangalile balaheenathayaan.
king edward" enna seasonile kappalyaathrakal valare vijayakaramaayirunnu, ovardraaft neekkam cheythu. syndicate amgangal thammilulla karaarinte nibandhanakal palikkunna, puthuthayi roopeekaricha kambani turbine steemarukal, limittad. kappal vaangi. managing director kambaniyil ganyamaaya oharikalullathumaaya kyapttan joonn vilyamsan udan thanne oru puthiya kappalin oordar nalki. october 3 nuu addeham denniyude rund divasam munbu 38,500 poundinu () oru vipuleekaricha "king edward" nirmmikkanulla vaagdaanam sweekarichu, turbine yanthrangal ulppeduthi. 10, 500 poundinu dennisinu vitharanam cheyyaan paarsan sammathichu. puthiya turbine kappal 1902 epril 8 nuu vikshepichu, meyy 31 nuu oru prarambha cruisinu sesham, juun 2 nuu camp belttaun rann etteduthu. "edward rajaavu" prins piyar muthal fairley vareyum loach phine muthal tarbert, ardrishage vareyum oru puthiya sevanam aarambhichu. 1904-ll eee root inverrayilekku vyapippichu, mcbraininte paddle steemarukalaaya "kolumba", "ayona", inverray kambani nadathunna "loard oof dhii ailans" ennivayumaayi malsarichu.
1905-1906-nte shaithyakaalath "king edward" pradhana deckil oru clock room oru smoke room cherkkaan maatti, saloon staircasinu mukaliloode neendu nilkkunna oru puthiya topp deckinu keezhil, pakshe paalatthilekku munnott pookaathe. kappalinte bottukal eee puthiya dekkinte avasaanabhaagathu maatti, athinaal avaa iruvashathuninnumulla phanalukalude kaazhchaye thadassappeduthunnilla. 1906 meyy 12 nuu "grand shaniyazhcha uchathirinju ooppaning cruis tuu kilbranan soundu" nuu sesham kappal greenokkil ninnu inverreyilekkulla oottam punaraarambhichu. fairley, garoch head ennivayiloode pookunnathinupakaram, kappal byoottinte kailsiloode kadannupokukayum oodunna mattu steemarukalkku nerittu malsaram nalkukayum cheiyunnathinaanu root maattiyath. loard oof dhii ailans" enna samayakramam kazhiyunnathra thwarithappeduthukayum turbine steamer nirakkaya 5 shillingukalkku () pakaram steerej nirakk 3 shillingukalaayum 6 dii () aayum kuraykkukayum cheythuvenkilum paddle steemarinu appozhum gathagatham nashtappettu. "king edward" ellaayppozhum aadyam inverrayil athukayum padlere akathekku anuvadikkunnathinaayi berth vidaan visammathikkukayum cheythu. oro vashathum 6 perr veethamulla vottu samanilayilayathinaal inverray taunn kaunsiline edapedaan prerippikkanulla sramam paraajayappedukayum casting vottiloode vishayam pariharikkan provost visammathikkukayum cheythu. 1912 aayappozhekkum yuddham avasaanikkukayum "loard oof dhii ailans" (inverray, loach goyil kambanikalude samyojanathinte udamasthathayilulla paddler "eddinberg kaasil") turbine steemarukal limittad ettedukkukayum cheythu.
mahaayogakaalathu, "edward rajaavu" engleesh chaanaliloode sainyathe kondupoyi. vellakkadalile sevanathinu sesham madakkayaathrayil kappal oru bhayanakamaaya kodunkaattine athijeevichu. yudhaanantharam kappal muun sarveesilekku madangukayum 1927ll glasgo-rothese rootilekku maarukayum cheythu. 1919ll kappal udamakalude layanam vilyamsan-buchanan steamer limittad roopeekarichu. ithu ippozhum joonn vilyamsan aandu kambaniyaayi vyapaaram nadathukayum black toppukalulla staanderd vaitt fanalukalaayi nilanirthukayum cheythu. 1927-ll glassgoyil ninnulla "ellah vazhikaliloodeyum" kappalukalkkayi "king edwardine" eee kappalppadayilekku maatti. butte keylukaliloodeyulla rothese vazhiyulla yaathrakalum njaayarazhcha uchathirinju lochgoyilhedilekkulla yaathrakalum ulppedunnu, athu 2.15 nuu glassgoyil ninnu purappett 9:30 nuu thirichetthi. uyarnna chaaya pakam cheytha "aadyathe cabin" nirakk 5 shillingukalum 6 pensumaayirunnu. 1935 seasoninte avasaanathil lunden, midu land, scotish railway enniva ore varnnakramam nilanirthikkondu kambani etteduthu. 1943ll avasanikkunnathuvare kambani oru prathyeka sthaapanamaayi thudarnnu.
randaam lokamahaayudhathil "king edward" samadhaanakaala pathayil kurachu kaalam oodi, pinneedu klaidilethunna sainika kappalukalkk oru tenderayi maari. yudhaanantharam kappal rothese root punaraarambhichu, ippol manja phanalukalode, ekadesham 50 varshathe sevanathinu sesham 1951 ll pinvalikkapettu. 1952ll kappal thakarnnuvenkilum athinte turbine enchinukal samrakshikkukayum glasgo transport myoosiyathil pradarshippikkukayum cheythu.
swaadheenam.
"king edwardinte prakadanam" vinoda steemarukalude lokath viplavam srishtichu."aaviri plaantukalil antharleenamaaya vibrationukalillaathe, uyarnna vegathayil kappalukal oodikkaanulla neeravi turbineukalude kazhivu kappal pradharshippichu. eee vijayam udan thanne mattu niravadhi turbine clyde steamerukalkkum airish kadalilum engleesh chaanalilum udaneelam hraswa kadal vyapaarathinulla mattu kappalukalkkum oordarukal nalki.
valia kappalukalkkulla turbine propulsionte upadeshathe chila naavikar chodyam cheythenkilum, "king edwardinte" prakadanam puthiya atlaantik linerukalkkaayi paarsansil ninnu turbine yanthrangal oordar cheyyaan alaan lainine nayichu, randum 1904 ll samarambhichu. koodaathe "king edwardinte" kanni yaathrayude anchu varshathinullil, turbine shakthiyude vishwaasyathayum shreshtathayum britiish sarkkaarinte pinthunayode canard line athinte valia samudra linerukalkkaayi turbine propulsion nirddeshikkukayum "king edwardinekkaal" valare valuthaakukayum cheythu.

