
lii rui

oru chainees raashtreeyakkaaranum charitrakaaranum vimathanaya chainees communist party (ccp) amgavumaayirunnu lii rui (; 14 epril 1917-16 februvari 2019).
oru yuva vidyaarthi pravartthakan enna nilayil, 1937-ll chainees aabhyantharayudhasamayathu lii kammyoonistukalil chernnu. 1958 aayappozhekkum addeham jalavibhava manthraalayathinte upamanthriyaayi. nirddishta three gorjas anakkettinodulla addehathinte shabdaparamaaya ethirppu addehathe sii. sii. pii chairman maavo sedonginte shradhayilppeduthi. lioo addehathe aakarshichu, addeham addehathe vyavasaya kaaryangalude pezhsanal sekrattariyaayi niyamichu. ennirunnaalum, lii thante chinthaaswaathanthryathin perukettayalaayirunnu, 1959 leeii lushan sammelanathil mavo ethirthu. irupathu varshathe rashtreeya pravaasathinu thudakkamitta lii partyil ninnu purathaakkappedukayum oru jayil campilekku ayaykkappedukayum cheythu. mahathaaya munnettatthilum saamskaarika viplavathilum maavo virudha pravarthanangalkku addehathinte kudumbam apalapicha addeham ettu varsham kincheng jayilil eakaantha thadavil chelavazhichu.
maavoyude maranashesham liyude party amgathvam punasthaapichu. sii. sii. piyil addeham swaadheenamulla sthaanam veendeduthuvenkilum eathaanum varshangalkk sesham swaadheenamulla party amgangalude kuttikalkk munganana nalkaan thayyaarallaathathinaal raajivaykkaan addeham nirbandhithanaayi. 1980kalude madhyam muthal, aupachaarika adhikaarathil ninnu akannupoya lii, soshyalist chattakkoodinullil abhipraaya swaathanthryam, maadyama swaathanthryam, janadhipathyam ennivaykkaayi ahvaanam cheyth vipulamaayi ezhuthukayum vyaakhyaanikkukayum cheythu. maavo, aadyakaala communist party charithrathekkurichu anchu pusthakangalum addeham rachichu. lii thante maranam vare oru party amgamaayi thudarnnu, bahumaanikkappedukayum ennaal ottappedukayum cheythu; addehathinte kaazhchappaadukal audyogikamaayi apalapikkappedukayum chainees pathrangalil sensor cheyyappedukayum cheythu. lii 2019ll 101-aamm vayassil marichu. "palappozhum vyakthiparamaaya vilakoduthu, thangalude adikaaram durupayogam cheythavarkkethire" kalapangal niranja jeevitam nayikkunnathayi 2005-ll "rakshithaav" addehathe visheshippichu.
aadyakaala jeevitam.
1917 eprilil hunan pravishyayile pingjiang kaundiyil oru sambanna kudumbatthil lii hausheng () aayi lii rui janichu. addehathinte pithaav saamraajyathva virudha viplava partyaya tongmenkhui amgamaayirunnu. 1922ll leak anchu vayass maathramullappol leeyude pithaav marichu. hubeil thamasikkunna oru haiskool vidyaarthiyenna nilayil, liie yudhaprabhukkanmaarkke prathishedhichu. 1934ll addeham wuhan sarvakalashaalayil mechanical enchiniyaring padikkaan chernnu. 1935ll japanese aakramanathe athirkkunnathil chainees sarkkar parajayappettathinethiraaya vidyaarthi prathishedhatthinu neethrthwam nalkaan addeham sahayichu.
rashtreeya jeevitam.
yuva communist aaktivist.
1937 februvariyil lii rahasyamaayi chainees communist partyil chernnu. oru samarppita pravarthakanaaya addehathe communist pravarthanangalkku republic oof chainayude kumintang sarkkar hrasvamaayi jayililadachu. 1930kalude avasaanathil yaannile communist thaavalatthilekku kaalnadayaayi nadanna lii, ekadesham oru yaatra-addeham purappettappol, amma addehathodu paranju, "kammyoonistukaar nallavaraan, pakshe ningal kollappedaam".
1939 desember muthal addeham party kendra yuvajana pravartthaka samithiyude prachaarana shaakhaye nayichu. lii yum addehathinte aadya bhaarya phaan yuvanshen (<unk>) athe maasam vivahitharaayi. 1941 septambaril addeham "jifang dinapathrathinte" aabhyanthara vyaakhyaanathinte edittaraayum pinneedu communist niyanthranatthilulla pradeshangalude edittoriyal beuroyude pathratthinte medaaviyaayum maari. deng seopinginte keezhil chainayude saambathika parishkaranatthinte silpiyaaya chenn yooninte sekrattariyaayum addeham sevanamanushtichu. communist neethrthwathe aakshepahaasyamaakkiya mattoru pathramaya () lii sthaapichu, athinte falamaayi 1943 muthal 1944 vare thiruthal prachaaranatthinide chaaranayi samshayikkappett jaililaayi. thadavil kazhiyumbol, liyum bharya hraswakaalathekku vivaahamochanam nedukayum 1944 juunil verpirinj 1945 juunil punarvivaham cheyyukayum cheythu. avarkk rund penmakkalum oru makan undaayirunnu; avarude mootha makan 1946 ll janichu.
1945ll leo gavo samghathinte sekrattariyaayum 1947 vare nilaninnirunna ccpyude vadakkukizhakkan beuroyude thalavanayum niyamichu. 1952 octoberil chainees aabhyantharayudhathile communist vijayathin sesham liie jalavibhava manthraalayathil chernnu. 1958 aayappozhekkum addeham athinte upamedhaaviyaayi uyarnnu, chainayile ettavum praayam kuranja upamanthriyaayi. yangsi nadiyile nirddishta moonnu gorjas anakkettinodu kadutha ethirppiloode addeham chainayude nethaavaaya maavo sedonginte shradha aakarshichu. eee vishayathil tharkkikkan maavo liye baijingilekku shanikkukayum addehathinte theekshnathayum budhishakthiyum addehathe aakarshikkukayum cheythu. varshangalkkusesham, "newyork times" anushochanakkurippil liyude vyakthithvathe "moorchayullathum dheeravum druthabudhiyullathum" ennu visheshippichu. kalkari vaidyuthikku pakaram jalavaidyuthiyude upayogathe lii pinthunachenkilum, yangsi nadiyil oru valia anakkett nirmmikkunnath chelavu vardhikkunnathinum samghadanaaparamaaya ashayakkuzhappangalkkum kaaranamaakumenn addeham munnariyipp nalki. aasoothrithamaaya anakkett sthaapichathinushesham niravadhi valia poshakanadikal yangsiyilekku praveshikkunnathinaal thaazhekkulla vellapokkam pariharikkunnathin anakkett kaaryamayonnum cheyyillennu lii mavoyodu report cheythu. padhathiyude thudakkam maattivaykkaan addeham mavo vijayakaramaayi prerippichu.
maavo, laber camp, naadukadatthal ennivayude sekrattari.
1958ll maavo liye vyavasaayakaaryangalude pezhsanal sekrattariyaayi niyamichu, ennaal valia kuthichuchaattathekkuri peng dehuvayikkulla pinthunayekkurichum liyude vimarsanangal taamasiyaathe oru prashnamaayi maari. 1959ll lushanil nadanna oru yogathil, maavoyude kaazhchappaadukale ethirkkaan lii nirbandhichu. thante nayangal moolamundaakunna kashtappaadukale maavo thallikkalayunnuvennu lii pinneedu prakhyaapichu, "maavoyude chinthayum bharanareethiyum bhayanakamaayirunnu. manushyajeevithathinu addeham oru vilayumilla. mattullavarude maranam addehathinu oru kaaryavum aayirunnilla.
maavo virudha goodaalochanakkaaranaayi liye apalapikkukayum soviyatt yooniyante athirthikkaduthulla hailongjiangile oru shiksha campilekku ayaykkukayum cheythu. pattiniyilekku adukkiyengilum purathuninnulla suhruthukkal samghadippicha kooduthal athijeevikkaan kazhiyunna oru campilekku maattiyathiloode addeham rakshapettu. communist party amgathvam eduthukalanja lick mavoyekkurichulla vimarsanangal upekshikkaan thayyaaraanengil neratthe mochanam vaagdaanam cheythenkilum addeham athu cheyyaan visammathichu. 1961ll purathirangiya lii baijingilekku madangi. ekadesham 22 varshathe vivaahathin sesham, addehathinte bhaarya, aaraadhakan, addehathe apalapikkukayum veendum vivaahamochanam nedukayum cheythu, ithavana nanmaykkaayi. rashtreeya prakriyakalil ninnu naadukadatthappetta lii pinneedu parvathangalile oru cheria schoolil padippikkaan ayaykkappettu. addehathinte penmakkalil oralaaya lii nanyang () addeham svakaaryamaayi nadatthiya maavo virudha paraamarshangal report cheythathine thudarnnu addehathil ninnu akannu.
1966ll maavoyude saamskarikaviplavam aarambikkukayum maavoyude swakaarya sekrattarimaarkkidayile thante pazhaya sahapravarthakare apalapikkaan leeyod aavasyappedukayum cheythu. angane cheyyaan visammathicha addeham kincheng jayilil eakaantha thadavil thadavilakkappettu. jaile medical soukaryangalil ninnu moshticha iodine upayogichu communist pusthakangalude arikukalil kavithayezhuthi lii vivekathil thante pidi nilanirtthi. 1975ll liie mochithanaavukayum malanirakalile athe schoolil adthyaapanathilekku madangukayum cheythu.
praadhaanyam enna thaalilekku madanguka.
1976ll maavoyude maranathinum deng seopinginte aavirbhaavathinum sesham lii thante sii. sii. pii amgathvam veendeduthu. 1979ll addeham vaidyutha vyavasaya manthraalayatthinte vais manthriyaayi moonnu varsham sevanamanushtichu. athe varsham, lii punarvivaham cheythu; addehathinte randaamathe bhaarya (pinneedu vidhava) shang youshen (shahang yushen) aayirunnu. 1982ll addeham anchu varshathe kendrakammittiyilekku thiranjedukkappedukayum athe varsham eprilil muthirnna udyogastharude sthaanakkayattam, sthaanakkayattam, niyamanathil shradha kendreekaricha sii. sii. piyude oorganaiseshan departmentinte vais director maarukayum cheythu. 1983ll, renkviyong, sii sonkson ennee gaanangalude nirddeshaprakaaram, gwangsey koottakkolayekkurichulla randaamathe audyogika anweshanathinu neethrthwam nalkaan lii sahayichu. newyork times" prakaram "muthirnna udyogastharude santhathikalkku prathyeka munganana nalkaan" addeham visammathichathinal 1984-ll samghadana vakuppile thante rolil ninnu raajivaykkaan addeham nirbandhithanaayi.
three gorjas anakkettine ethirtha lii, thante munkaala jeevithathil oru pradhana punk vahichirunnu, 1980 kaliludaneelam paristhithi pravarthakanaaya dhaay kinginoppam pravarthichu anakkettinte nirmmaanatthinethire poraattam thudarnnu. avarude sramangal paraajayappedukayum 1992ll anakkett amgeekarikkappedukayum 2006ll nirmmaanam poortthiyaakkukayum cheythu. 1989ll tianenmen square prathishedhatthinide beijinginte sameepathulla akramasakthamaaya adichamarthalinu lii vyakthiparamayi saakshyam vahikkukayum party svechaadhipathya vibhaagathodulla thante ethirppu shakthippeduthukayum cheythu. shaavo siang, huu yavobang thudangiya pramukha parishkaranavaadikalude sakhyakakshiyaayirunnu addeham.
party muthirnavanum charitrakaaranum vimathan.
1995 juunil 78-aamm vayassil audyogikamaayi viramicha sesham, maavoyude jeevithathekkurichu anchu kruthikal ezhuthiya lii, oru party mooppanum maavoyude charithrakaaranumaayi ariyapettu. addehathinte rachanakal mavoyeo samakaalika party nethaakkaleyo vimarsikkaan madichilla. sii. sii. piyude "muthirnna liberal amgamaayi" kanakkaakkappedunna liie, "saambathika shaasthranjan" parayunnathanusarichu, abhipraaya swaathanthryam, maadyama swaathanthryam, janadhipathyam ennivaykku soshyalist chattakkoodinullil vaadichu. 2004 novemberil party prachaarana vakupp lii maadyamangalil prasidheekarikkunnathil ninnu vilakki. mavoyekkurichulla addehathinte pusthakangal sensor cheyyukayum chainayile pradhana bhoopradeshathu nirodhikkukayum cheythu. communist party svechaadhipathya nethaakkalude vashathulla oru mull ennu visheshippikkappedunna addehathinte kaazhchappaadukal rahasyamaayi ennaal 2013 ll attimarikkunnathaanenna audyogikamaayi apalapikkapettu.
oro pathinanjaam vaarshika communist party kongrasinum munbu, rashtreeya parishkaranatthinaayi vaadichukondu liie saha muthirnna party amgangalkku kathezhuthi. 2002leeii 16-aamath party kongrasil, puthuthayi thiranjedukkappetta party general sekrattari huu jintaavoye lakshyamit communist party rashtreeya parishkaranathekkurichu lii oru nirddesham avatharippichu. bharanaghadanaavaadavum janaadhipathyavalkkaranavum communist party valathupaksha virudha prasthaanam, valia kuthipp, saamskaarika viplavam thudangiya rashtreeya duranthangalil ninnu akattinirthumennu lii vaadichu. 2006ll, anweshanaathmaka pathramaya "freesing pooyint" () samsthaanam adachupoottiyathine apalapichukondu oru thuranna kathil addeham oppuvachu. 2007leeii 17-aamath communist party kongrassinu munnodiyaayi, leeyum viramicha academic vidyaarthi zee thavoy communist party oru europian shailiyilulla soshyalist party maattanamenn ahvaanam cheiyunna lekhanangal prasidheekarichu, avaye party prachaarana samvidaanam apalapichu. 2010 octoberil, kooduthal maadyama swaathanthryam aavasyappettu naashanal peeples kongras staanding kammittikk ayacha thuranna kathil lii oppuvachu. 2017ll, general sekrattari sii jinpinginte koottaaya neethrthwathinu mukalilulla sthaanakkayattathinethiraaya oru dhikkaramaayi kanakkakkappetta 19-aamath party kongrasil pankedukkunnathil addeham parajayappettu. communist paartikkaayi thante jeevitam samarppicha liie orikkalum athu upekshikkunnathinekkur chinthichilla. 1970kalil partyil veendum praveshichappol, athu maariyenn addeham pratheekshichirunnuvena niraashanaayirunnu, pinneedu athinte "ahankaaram, anjjatha, lajjayillaayma, niyamalamghanam" ennivayekkurichu ezhuthi.
maranavum shavasamskaaravum.
praayamaakumbol lii thante maanasikamaya theekshnatha nilanirtthi. rashtreeya kaazhchappaadukal undaayirunnittum, oru muthirnna sii. sii. pii amgamenna nilayil mechappetta vaidyachikitsayum aadaraneeyaraaya party viramichavarkkayi neekkivachirikkunna manthriyude bhavanathile appaartmentum polulla thante prathyekaavakaashangal nilanirthaan addehathe anuvadichu.
lii 2019 februvari 16 nuu 101-aamm vayassil baijingle vachu avayavakshayam moolam marichu. communist party aadyakaala muthirnna amgamenna nilayil, lick audyogika shavasamskaram nalkukayum baboshan viplava semitheriyil samskarikkukayum cheythu, maathapithaakkalodoppam hunaanil samskarikkappedaanulla aagraham undaayirunnittum. audyogika sensorship addehathinte maranavaartha parimithappedutthukayum "southu chaina morning poost" prakaram addehathinte shavasamskaram "rahasyamaayum surakshayodeyum" nadathukayum cheythu. niyanthranangal undaayirunnittum, shavasamskaram saadhaarana chainees pouranmaar muthal addehathinte pazhaya sahapravarthakarkkum sahaviplavakaarikalkkumidiyil ippozhum thamasikkunna churukkam chilar vare noorukanakkinu dukkhithare aakarshichu. avarude nayangalodu kadutha ethirppu prakadippichenkilum, chainayude nethaakkalaaya general sekrattari shhii jinping pradhaanamantri lii kekiang pushpachakram arppichu.
1935 muthal 2018 vare lii oru dayari thudarchayaayi sookshichu. diary liyude mattu rekhakalum 2019ll oru vyavahara vishayamaayirunnu. liyude vidhava saangum makal lii nanyang diaryude udamasthaavakaasham avakashappettu; athu chainaykku thirike nalkanamennu saang aagrahichu. american samsthaanamaaya kaaliforniyayile hoover instityooshanu dayari sambhavana cheytha lii nanyanginu anukoolamaayaanu cases theerumaanikkappettathu.

