
183-aamm khandika

183-aamm khandika (audyogikamaayi §183 ezz. tii. jii. bii ennum ariyappedunnu; engleeshil sekshan 183 ennum ariyappedunnu) jarmman criminal kodile oru pothu asabhya niyamamaan, ithu "laingika svayam nirnnayavum" pothu pradarshanavum nirodhikkunnu. 1871ll ithu sweekarichathumuthal, naasikalude uyarchayude samayat vardhichuvarunna nirakkil, irupathaam noottaandinte pakuthi vare, cross dressingin swavarganuraga pravarthanangalkkum shikshakal (thadavu, chilappol pouraavakaashangal nashtappedal enniva ulppede) nadappakkaan niyamam upayogichirunnu. 2021 leeii kanakkanusarichu, niyamatthinte vyaapthi asabhyamaya exposuril parimithappedutthiyirikku.
charitraparamaaya avalokanam.
183-aamm khandika aadyamaayi 1871-ll amgeekarikkappettu. niyamam amgeekaricha samayat, "ashleela pravartthanatthiloode parasyamaayi shalyam cheiyunna arcum" "rund varsham vare thadavu shiksha nalkunnathumaayi" shiksha nalkunnathine ithu paraamarshichu."niyamatthinte aadyakaala pathippukalil, pouraavakaashangalude nashtavum niyamam lamghichathinte anantharafalamaayirunnu.
vishudha roman saamrajyavum prussian raajyangalum etteduthathulppedeyulla muun nadapadikalil ninnu eee niyamam niyamaparamaaya swaadheenam nedi. charithratthile swavarggaanuraagikalaaya purushanmarkkethiraaya ettavum kadinamaaya peedanatthinte bhaagamaayi 1930kalil naasikal niyamatthinte nadappaakkal vipuleekarichu.
washington sarvakalaashaalayile charitrakaaranmaaraaya laurie marhofer aandu dablyu. cross dressinginethiraaya kuttakrithyangal udharichu, niyamam nadappaakkunnathiloode transgender aalukal naasi peedanatthinte lakshyamaanennu cornell sarvakalaashaalayile jake nyoosom vaadichu.
maarhiyofarinte abhipraayathil, 1940-kalil 183-aamm khandika nadappaakkiyathinte oru sradheyamaaya udaaharanathil svayam thiricharinja traansvestaitt ulppedunnu, pinneedu 183-aamm khandikaykkum 175-aamm khandikaykkum sesham buchenwald thadankalppaalayathil vachu addeham kollappettu. 
nadapakkalum punaravalokanavum.
charitraparamaayi, 183-aamm khandikayude nadappaakkal oro pradeshathinum vyathyasthamaan. berlinile kooduthal sahishnuthayullathum purogamanaparavumaaya pradeshathu, 1919 num 1933 num idayil, magnus hirshfeldinte instittyoott phoor sexual sayans berlin police departmentumaayi sahakarichu traansvestaitt certificattukal nalki, ithu transgender vyakthikale 183-aamm khandika prakaram arasttilum prosecutionilum ninnu samrakshikkaan kazhiyunna oru thirichariyal roopamaayi pravarthichu.
183-aamm khandikayile vyavasthakal 1871-ll athu sweekarichathinushesham praabalyatthil thudarukayum ennaal niyamatthinte swabhaavavum athinte vyapthiyum (1876,1939,1969,1973,1998,2008,2015,2021) maattunnathinaayi niravadhi thavana bhedagathi cheyyukayum parishkkarikkukayum cheythittundu, ippol athu ashleelamaaya velippeduthaline maathram paraamarsikkunnu. 183-aamm khandikayude ettavum puthiya pathipp (2021-ll amgeekarikkappettathu) "oru pradarshanaparamaaya pravrithi vazhi mattoru vyakthiye upadravikkunna oru purushane [allengil sthriye] oru varshathil koodaattha thadavo pizhayo shikshikkumenn vyavastha cheiyunnu."

