
sulu

sulu (сулу), audyogikamaayi sulu pravishya (tousug "vilaaya siin loopa soog";), sulu dveepasamoohathile philippainsile oru pravisyayum musleem mindaanaavoyile (barm) bangsamoro svayambharana mekhalayude bhagavumaanu.
athe perilulla dveepile joloyanu ithinte thalasthaanam. sulu sulthaanettinte rajakeeya thalasthaanamaaya mimebung eee pravisyayilaanu sthithi cheiyunnathu. sulu kadalinte thekkan athirthiyilum selibus kadalinte vadakkan athirthiyilumaanu sulu sthithi cheiyunnathu.
philippeensile 82 pravisyakalil ettavum daridramaaya pravisyayaanu ivideyennu theliyikkunnathu ettavum uyarnna daaridrya nirakkaanu ivideyullathennu.
charithram.
aadyakaala charithram.
suluvil islam varunnathinu munbu, pravishya praadeshika jeevamathangal paalikkaarundaayirunnu; ithu pinneedu hindu, budhamatha vishwaasa sanbradaayangalaayi maari. eee kaalayalaviludaneelam, islam varunnathinu noottaandukalkku munbu lupa sug raajyam sthaapithamaayirunnu.
1138 oode vyaapaarikalum vyaapaarikalum vazhi islaaminte varavu thekkukizhakkan eshyayil savisheshamaaya swaadheenam chelutthi. arabikaludeyum pershyakkaarudeyum mattu muslimkaludeyum varavu panthrandaam noottaandil mathapracharakar, vyapaarikal, pandithanmaar, sanjaarikal ennivarude sulu, mindanavo ennividangalilekku varavinu vazhiyorukki.
saamoohika prakriyayil ninnu janicha oru naazhikakkallaayirunnu sulu sulthaanettu sthaapikkappettathu. pothuvarsham 1380-ll sunni soofi pandithanaaya karim-ull makhdum suluvilethi philippeensil islam matham avatharippichu. pothuvarsham 1450-ll johoril janicha arab saahasikanaya sayyid abubakkar abirin suluvilethi rajaa baguinda aaliyodoppam thaamasichu. sunni soofi guruvum sayyid aboobakkar oduvil aliyude makal dayang-dayang paramisuli vivaham kazhikkukayum rajaa baguindayude raashtreeyam (munbu oru naatturaajyamaayirunna) paarambaryamaayi nedukayum athu addeham sulu sulthaanettaayi maarukayum athinte aadya sulthaanaayitheerukayum cheythu. thante bharanam ekeekarikkunnathinaayi sayyid aboobakkar praadeshika rashtreeya unitukale sulthaanettinte kudakkeezhil onnippichu. ashh 'aarii akheeda, shafi' iii madhab, sufism ennivaye pinthudarnna oru sulthaanettu. addeham sulu, sambovanga upadveep, palaavan, basilan enniva athinte samrakshanathin keezhil konduvannu.
spanish colonial yugam.
limasavayil ferdinand magallane athicha naavigeshanal pishak philippeensil europinekkurichulla avabodham konduvarikayum spanish colonial kadannukayattathinulla vaathil thurakkukayum cheythu. 1578 muthal 1899 vareyulla vinashakaramaaya mooroo yudhangalil kadutha cheruthunilppu neritta spanish-sulthaanettu kristhumathavum, sabha-samsthaana vairudhyathinte rashtreeya samvidaanavum avatharippichu. pathonpathaam noottaandinte madhyathil thaavi-thaavi, sulu ennividangalile spanish paramadhikaaram suluvinte sulthaanettu aupachaarikamaayi amgeekarichu, ennaal spanish-american yudhathile paraajayatthinte anantharafalamaayi eee pradesham upekshikkendivarunnathu avarude paramadhikaaram sainika steshanukal, gaarisanukal, sivilian settilmentukalude pokkattukal ennivayil parimithamayathinaal eee pradeshangal spanish bhaagikamaayi bharichu.
american yugam.
spain phillippeans americaykku vittukoduthathinusesham, american sainyam joloyil ethi 23 varshathe spanish sainika adhinivesham (1876 muthal 1899 vare) avasaanippichu. august 20 nuu sultan jamalul kiram randaman brigade. jenne. joonn sii. 1915 march vare spain aarambhicha sulthaanettinte kramanugathamaaya vamshanaashathe thudarnnukondu sultan thante laukika adikaarangal marappanikkaarante karaaril ninnu pinvalikkunnathuvare betts oppuvachu. eee karar gavanmentinte sivilian gavanmentinodulla ethirppu illaathaakki. klintan solidam.
gavanmentinte keezhilulla mindanavo, sulu vakupp. philippain kammeeshan act 2309" (1914) prakaram marappanikkaarane srishtikkukayum 1920 februvari 5 nuu philippain niyamanirmmaanasabhayude act nambar 1 prakaram avasaanikkukayum cheythu. 2878. kristhyan ithara gothrangalude beuro samghadippikkukayum hrasvamaayi neethrthwam nalkukayum cheythath tiophisto guingona sr aayirunnu. 1916ll yuu. ezz kongras oof johns loow (philippain svayambharana niyamam) nadappaakkiyathode aathyanthika philippain swaathanthryam urappunalkukayum pothubharanatthinte philippaineekaranam aarambikkukayum cheythu. ennirunnaalum, 1935 vare sulu oru niyukta american gavarnaraayirunnu, manilayile govarnor generalinu sulu kaaryangalil oru abhipraayamundaayirunnu.
enthaayaalum, rajaa baguinda kettichamacha praadeshika bharanathinte saaramsham noottaandukalude colonial saannidhyam undaayirunnittum sulu raashtreeyathinte daarmikathayil vyaapikkunnath thudarnnu. raajyathe samanamaaya mattu samvidaanangalkku munpu nadanna oru praadeshika sarkkaarilekku charithram viral choondunnu.
charitrakaalam muthal sulu sulthaante rajakeeya kottaramaaya daaru jambangan (pookkalude kottaram) eee pravisyayil undaayirunnu. maimbangil sthithi cheiyunna kottaram maram kondaanu nirmmichathu, 1932 ll oru valia kodunkaattil ithu nasippikkappettu.
japanese adhinivesham.
hrasvamaaya japanese adhinivesha varshangalil, japanese sulu bombit keezhadakkukayum cheythu. japanese janataye oduvil amerikkakkarum sulu swadeshikalum puratthaakkukayum amerikkakkar philippeensinte swaathanthryathinaayi 'oru raajyam' aayi sramikkaan thudangukayum cheythu. ithu mindaanaavoyil ninnum sulu dveepasamoohathil ninnumulla vividha nethaakkale lusonileyum visaayakalileyum catholica thaddesheeyarumaayi koottikkuzhaykkappedunnathu pracharanam nadatthaan prerippichu. oru phillippeans maathruka' kkethiraaya pracharanam undaayirunnittum, america philippeansinu swaathanthryam nalki, mindaanaavoyudeyum sulu dveepasamoohathinteyum niyanthranam manilayile philipino sarkkaarin phalapradamaayi nalki.
phillippeans swaathanthryam.
phillippeans swaathanthrya kaalaghattatthinte thudakkathil, oru kaalath mahathaaya kottara samuchayathil ninnu kurachu kamaanangalum posttukalum maathram avasheshikkunnathinaal daaru jambangante punarnirmmaanam sulu janathaykku valia praadhaanyamullathaayi thudarnnu. kottaaratthinte punarnirmmaanatthinaayi raajakudumbathile niravadhi amgangal vaadichuvenkilum phillippines sarkkar eee vishayathil audyogika nilapaado fundo eduthilla. akkaalat, svanthamaayi oru swatantra rajyamaakaanulla mindanavo vikaaravum sulu bhashayil anubhavapettu.
1948ll randaam lokamahaayudhathil pankedutthirunna hajji kaamlon, sulu lukkinethire oru kalapam aarambhichu. 1949ll addeham keezhadangiyengilum 1952ll mattoru kalapam aarambhichu. 1952 juulai 31nuu prathirodha sekrattari raamon mugsessec keezhadangi. ennirunnaalum, oraazhchaykk sesham addeham moonnaamathe prakshobham aarambhichu. 1952 november 9nuu addeham veendum keezhadangi, ennaal 1953nte thudakkathil mattoru kalapam aarambhichu. phillippines sarkkar sainyavumayulla ettumuttalinushesham 1953 august 11nuu addeham keezhadangum. oraazhchaykk sesham addeham keezhadanganulla nibandhanakal lamghichu. rund varshathinu sesham, 1955 septambar 24 nuu, lukkile thandu panuvaan sarkkar sainyavumayulla ettumuttalinu sesham addeham keezhadangum.
1973ll, thekkan ubian, tantubas, simunul, sitankay, ballimbing (panglima sugala), bungao, kagayan dii sulu (maappun), aama dweep ennee munisippaalittikal sulu adikaaraparidhiyil ninnu puthuthayi roopeekaricha pravisyayaaya thaavi-thaviyilekku maatti. 1973 septambar 11-leeii 303.
marcos administration.
marcos kaalaghattatthil, ferdinand marcosinethire poraadiya pravisyakalil onnaayirunnu sulu, kaaranam addehathinte bharanakoodam noorukanakkinu morokale peedippikkukayum kollukayum unmoolanam cheyyukayum cheythu. kizhakkan sabayile aasootritha adhiniveshathekkurichu vaarthakal purathuvannappol, tousag yodhaakkale koottakkola cheyyaan marcos sainyathodu utharavittu, ithu 1968 leeii krooramaaya jabeeda koottakkolayilekku nayichu, ithu sulu swadeshikalkkethiraaya ettavum valia manushyavakaasha lamghanamaanu.
jabida koottakkolayekkurichulla vaarthakal sulu ulppede mindaanaavoyil niravadhi vighadanavaada prasthaanangalude uyarchaykku kaaranamaayi, ithu oduvil philippain sarkkaarumaayi sayudha samgharshathil earppedunna grouppukalilekku nayichu. ettavum vinashakaramaaya ettumuttalukalilonnaya 1974leeii jolo yuddham valare vinaashakaramaayirunnu, athu sulu thalasthaanamaaya joloyil 40,000 pere bhavanarahitharakkiyathaayi kanakkaakkappedunnu.
suluvile sultan raajakudumbaamgangalum sulu nethaakkalum manilayile janakeeya adhikara viplavathe anukoolichu, athu svechaadhipathyathe vijayakaramaayi attimarikkukayum rajyath janadhipathyam punasthaapikkukayum cheythu.
samakaalikam.
1989ll sulu pravishya musleem mindanavo athawa aarmmil svayambharana mekhalayude bhaagamaayi. mooroo naashanal liberation frond philippain sarkkarum thammil oru samadhana karar undaakki. emm. enn. ell. ephinte sthaapakanum nethaavumaaya noor misuwari, sulu swadeshiyaayavanum sulu sulthaanettil urachuninnayaalum 1996 muthal 2001 vare muzhuvan sainyathinteyum govarnoraayi.
2016ll, ayal pattanamaya thaalipaavoyil daaru jambangante oru cheria pakarpp nirmmikkukayum oru 'avadhikkala paarkkinte' kendrabinduvaayi maarukayum cheythu. athinte uchraayakaalathu yadhaartha daaru jambangante yadhaartha valippathinte 25 shathamaanamaayirunnu eee pakarpp. maimbangile yadhaartha sthalathu daaru jambangan punasthaapikkunnathinulla oru pracharanam ippozhum thudarukayaanu. maimbangile daaru jambangan vishwasthathayode punasthaapikkaano punarnirmmikkaano deseeya saamskaarika, kalaasamghatheyum philippainsile deseeya myusiyatheyum chumathalappedutthi.
2019-ll, bangsamoro svayambharana hitaparisodhana bangsamoro jaiva niyamam (booal) amgeekarikkunnathilekku nayichu, ithu musleem mindaanaavoyil (barm) bangsamoro svayambharana pradesham srishtikkukayum arminu pakaram vaykkukayum cheythu. eee samrambham sulu bhashayil oru 54.3% maarjinil paraajayappettuvenkilum muzhuvan aayudhangaludeyum vottukal onnaayi kanakkakkiyathinaal athu nadappaakki. (yadhaarthathil aayudhathinte bhaagamallaatha mindaanaavoyile mattu niravadhi pradeshangalum booal amgeekarikkukayum angane barmilekku cherkkukayum cheythu.)
bhoomishaasthram.
pravishyayude vistheernnam. suluvinte pradhana dveepaaya joloyude vistheernnam phillippeans dveepasamoohathile 16-aamathe valia dveepaayi maarunnu.
vadakku sambovanga upadveepinte attam muthal thekk borneo dweep vare vyaapichukidakkunna sulu dveepasamoohathinte bhagamaanu sulu. vadakkukizhakku basilan dveepukalkkum thekkupadinjaaru thaavi-thaavi dveepukalkkum idayilaanu pradhana dveep athinte cheria dveepukalum sthithi cheiyunnathu. vadakku sulu kadalum thekk selab kadalumaanu sulu kadalinte athirthikal. suluvil 157-ladhikam cheria dveepukalundu, avayil chilath perillaathathaayi thudarunnu.
dveepukale naalu grouppukalaayi tharamthirickunnu
bharanaparamaya divisionukal.
rund niyamanirmmaana jillakalaayi samghadippikkappettathum pinneedu 410 baramgaayukalaayi vibhajichathumaaya 19 munisippaalittikal ulppedunnathaanu sulu.
 
janasamkhyaashaasthram.
2020 leeii sensus prakaram sulu janasamkhya <aii. dii. 1> aayirunnu, janaa saandrata.
musleengalude sammishra samooham ulkkollunnundengil, thulu dveepasamoohathil thousoogukalaanu aadhipathyam pularthunnathu. islaamine oru mathamayum jeevithareethiyaayum sweekaricha philippainsile aadya nivaasikalil oraalaayirunnu thousug. kadalumaayulla avarude adutha bandhathe prathifalippikkunna avare 'varthamaanakaalathe aalukal' ennu vilikkunnu. 
matham.
2015leeii kanakkukal prakaram pravishya janasamkhyayude 99 sathamaanavum musleengalaanu.
pathinalam noottaand muthal arab, pershyan, indian musleem, chainees muslim, malakkan missionarymar padippichathupole suluvile bhooribhaagam muslim janasamkhyayum shafi paarambaryatthile sunni islam acharikkunnu.
afghan yudhangalil ninnu madangiyethiya muun sainikarum paakkisthaante karsanamaaya soofi paarambaryangalil ninnulla missionarymaarum konduvanna thaarathamyena puthiya islaamika vibhagangal, tableg ennu vilikkappedunnavar, "shudhamaaya" islaamika jeevithareethiyum aaradhanayum ennu avar vishwasikkunna karyangal pracharippikkunnathil sajeevamaan. athinusesham iranian allengil iraakhi kudumbangalayi vivaham kazhicha valare cheria oru vibhaagam perr shiah islaamilekku parivartthanam cheyyappettu.
bhooribhaagam sulu kristhyaanikalum catholicaraanu. avar athinte safragan apostolica vikaariyatt oof jolo vazhi sambovanga athiroopathayude adikaaraparidhiyilaanu. katholikkarallaathavaril ivaanchalikkal, yeshuvinte atbhutha kurishuyuddham, episcopalian, igleshya nii kristoo (ink), mormons, ezhaam divasathe saahasikar, yehova sakshikal, mattu niravadhi protestant vibhagangal enniva ulppedunnu. ettavum puthiya chainees kudiyettakkaar maathramaan budhamathamo thaavoyisamo pinthudarunnathu, athesamayam pazhaya chainees kudumbangalil bhooribhaagavum samskaaram nedukayum avarude pala chainees vishwaasangalum nilanirthikkondu kristhumathathilekko islaamilekko parivartthanam cheyyukayum cheythu.
bhashakal.
thuluvinte "lingwa franca" aanu tousug bhasha. mattoru praadeshika bhasha thaddesheeya samayaan, ithu vividha svarangalilum uchaaranangalilum vyaapakamaayi upayogikkunnu. eee vaividhyam sinama bhaashaabhedangalude vikaasathilekku nayichu. sinama sibutu (pradhaanamaayum sibutu-sitankay mekhalayil samsaarikkunnu), sinama simunul (simunul-manuk-mangko dveepukalil kendreekarichirikkunnu), sinama kapon (thekkan ubian-tandubas, saapa-saapa pradeshangalil samsaarikkunnu), sinama banguingui (buvan dveepil kendreekarichum banguingui janangal samsaarikkunnu) ennivayaanu pradhana bhashakal.
tagaloginteyum (philipino) engleeshinteyum audyogika bhashakalaaya baajou-sama bhashayum samsaarikkunnu. niravadhi pradeshavaasikalkkum barter vyaapaarikalkkum sabah malaya samsarikkaan kazhiyum, athesamayam pradhana bhoopradeshamaaya sambovanga upadveepumaayum basilanumaayum sanbarkkavum vyapaaravum nilanirthunna kristhyan, musleem pradeshavaasikalum chavacano samsaarikkunnu. pala musleengalkkum sebuwano samsarikkaanum kazhiyum, kaaranam sebuwano kudiyettakkaar mindanavoyilekku vanthothil ozhukunnu, prathyekichu tousug oru anubandha visayan bhashayaayathinaal tousug.
sarkkar.
1986leeii janakeeya adhikara viplavathinu sheshamulla govarnarmaaraa
1986leeii janakeeya adhikara viplavathinushesham vais govarnarmaaraa
sambadghadana.
krishiyum malsyabandhanavumaanu pradhana upajeevanamaargangalaaya sulu pradhaanamaayum kaarshika mekhalayaanu. phalabhooyishtamaaya manninum anuyojyamaaya kaalaavasthaykkum abaca, thenga, sulu coffey, ooranchu, lansonukal thudangiya vaividhyamaarnna vilakalum rajyath mattevideyengilum apoorvvamaayi kaanapedunna videsha pazhangalaya durian, maamgosteen ennivayum valarthaan kazhiyum.
raajyathe ettavum sambannamaaya malsyabandhana kendrangalilonnaanu sulu kadal ennathinaal malsyabandhanamaanu ettavum pradhanappetta vyavasaayam. marungas dveepil oru muthukrishi ulla vipulamaaya muthukrishi vyavasaayavum eee pravisyayilundu. kadalaamakalude pinbhagam manoharamaaya trekalum cheeppukalum aayi nirmmikkunnu. malsyabandhanathil ninnulla edavelakalil aalukal bottukalum neythu payakalum nirmmikkunnu. mattu vyavasayangalil kaappi samskaranavum pazhangalude samrakshanavum ulppedunnu.
suluvinte karakaushalavasthukkalkku islaamikavum malayumaaya swaadheenamundu. vidagdha karakaushalathozhilaalikal bottukal, blade cheytha aayudangal, venkala, pichala pathrangal, piss thuni, embroidery cheytha thunitharangal, shelkraaft, parambaraagatha veettu kothupanikal, kothiyeduttha thadi shavakudeera adayaalangal enniva nirmmikkunnu.
thekkan philippeensile ettavum sambannamaaya pravisyakalilonnaayirunnu ithu. ennirunnaalum, samgharshangal, bheekaravaadam, abu sayyaf polulla vahaabisathe pinthudarunna jihadi grouppukal enniva kaaranam pravishyayude sambadvyavastha moshamaayi baadikkukayum nilavile avasthayilekku churungukayum cheythu.
gathagatham.
bangsamoro mekhalaykkullil philippain airliancinte puthiya vimaanathinte vijayathin sesham, kottaabatto nagaratthilekkulla paatha thurakkaan sarkkar ithinakam thanne aagrahikkunnu. innuvare sarkkar
puthuthayi naveekaricha jolo vimaanathaavalam upayogichu nilavilulla pravarthanakshamamaaya vimaanangalaan leading edju, sebu pasaphik sebgo, sambowanga ninnulla plaattinam skye enniva.

