mike

basttin thudangiyavar aavishkarichathupole, kvaanditteevu riyal-time pcr pareekshanangalum daattayum nadathunnathinum report cheiyunnathinumulla oru koottam protocolukalaanu kvaanditteevu riyal-time pcr pareekshanangal (mike) maargganirddeshangal prasidheekarikkunnathinu ettavum kuranja vivarangal. 2009ll. arty-qpcr upayogichukondu oottisam baadhicha kuttikalil measles vairas kandethumennu avakaashappedunna oru prabandham 2002ll prasidheekarichathinu sheshamaan avaa roopakalppana cheythath, ennaal mattu shaasthranjarkku phalangal poornnamaayum punarnirmikkaan kazhiyillennu thelinju. rachayithaakkalum avaa punarnirmikkaan sramichilla, koodaathe asamskritha daattayil vishakalanathil valia alavil pishakukalum adisthaana thettukalum undennu kandethi. eee sambhavam shaasthreeya saahithyathil prasidheekaricha kyu. pii. sii. aarr daattaykk adisthaana nilavaaramulla gunanilavaaram nalkunnathinaayi mike maargganirddeshangal srishtikkaan steefan basttine prerippichu.
lakshyam.
akkaalat academic jenalukalil samarppicha kyu. pii. sii. aarr daattayude gunanilavaaram kuranjathinaal mike maargganirddeshangal srishtichu, adutha thalamura sequencing meshinarikal atharam pareekshanangal kuranja chelavil nadatthaan anuvadichathinaal ithu kooduthal saadhaaranamaayikkondirunnu. eee saankethikavidya ellah shaasthrangalilum onniladhikam mekhalakalil upayogikkunnathinaal, kyu. pii. sii. aarr engane upayogikkunnu ennathinte upakaranangal, reethikal, roopakalppanakal enniva valare vyathyasthamaan. mothatthilulla gunanilavaaram mechappeduthaan sahaayikkunnathin, mattu gaveshakarkk prasidheekaricha metteeriyal vaayikkumbol manasilakkaanum upayogikkaanum report cheytha vivarangalude ettavum kuranja thalamaayi shekharikkenda adisthaana pareekshanathmaka nadapadikramangaleyum daattayude roopangaleyum kurichulla saamaanyavalkkaricha nirddeshangalaayi mike maargganirddeshangal thayyarakki. ithupolulla amgeekrithavum erekkure amgeekarikkappettathumaaya oru koottam maargganirddeshangal sthaapikkunnathu shaasthra samooham pradhaanamaanennu kanakkakki, prathyekichum vikaswara rajyangalil ninnu niravadhi vyathyastha bhaashakalum protocolukalum ulla shaasthreeya pravartthanangalude alavu vardhichukondirikkunnathu.
charithram.
yadhaartha pathipp vikasanangal.
2009ll steefan basttinte neethrthwathilulla oru anthaaraashtra shaasthranja samgham qpcr engane nadathaamennum eee prakriyayil eathutharam daatta shekharikkukayum prasidheekarikkukayum cheyyanamennathinekkurichu oru koottam maargganirddeshangal thayyarakkan sahakarichu. kyu. pii. sii. aarr daatta ulppedunna samarppicha oru prabandham nokkumbol maargganirddeshangal upayogikkaan ithu shaasthreeya jenalukalude edittarmaareyum niroopakareyum anuvadichu. athinaal, nadapadikramatthinte oro ghattathinum chila enangal avashyamaayi adayaalappeduthiya (iii) prasidheekaranathinaayi daatta samarppikkumbol mattullava abhikaamyamaayi adayaalappeduthiya (dii) oru tharam checklistaayi maargganirddeshangal sajjeekarichu.
fluorescence adisthaanamaakkiyulla kvaanditteevu riyal-time pcr upayogikkunnathinaayi maarganirddeshangalude oru adhika pathipp 2010 septambaril prasidheekarichu. maarganirddeshangalude vishalamaaya roopathinulla oru vishadaamshamaayum ithu pravarthichu. single sell qpcr, digital pcr (dpcr) ennivayulppede parisodhikkaan oru anubandha allengil vyathyastha enangal aavashyamaayi vannekkaavunna kyupisiaarinte nirddishta roopangalkkaayi mattu gaveshakar kooduthal pathippukal srishtikkunnu. photobiomodulation, klinikkal biomarkerukal ennivayulppede mattu shaasthreeya mekhalakalilum nilavilulla mike maargganirddeshangal uchithamayi paalikkunnath avalokanam cheythittundu.
2014ll basttin (2017ll addeham veendum) shaasthreeya samoohathinullil mike maargganirddeshangal kurachu alavil sweekarikkukayum upayogikkukayum cheythathayi shradhichu, ennaal qpcr pareekshanangalulla niravadhi prasidheekaricha prabandhangal ippozhum undaayirunnu, avayil ettavum adisthaanaparamaaya daatta avatharanavum eee daattayude falapraapthiyude sariyaaya sthireekaranavum polum illaayirunnu. eee padanangal pradhana punarulppaadanakshamatha prasnangal nilanirtthi, avarude thelivukalude nigamanangal mattu gaveshakarkk aavarthikkaan kazhiyaathathinal prarambha phalangal samshayathilekku thalli. basttinte yadhaartha mike prasidheekaranam nerittu udharichukondu niravadhi prabandhangal avarude swantham pareekshanangalile maarganirddesha checklist pinthudarnnillenkilum ithellaam sambhavichu. ennirunnaalum, chila gaveshakar kuranjathu chila vijayangalenkilum choondikkaanichittundu, mike checklistukalil vijayikkunnathil parajayappettathinaal niravadhi prabandhangal academic jenalukal prasidheekaranathinaayi nirasichu. mike maargganirddeshangal passacan sariyaaya daattayude abhavam shradhikkukayum jenal edittarmaarkku parasyamaayi choondikkaanikkukayum cheythathinu sesham mattu padanangal pinvalikkapettu.
maargganirddeshangal karshanamaakkuka.
2017ll "dotts inn boxukal" enna peril avarude puthiya thaarathamya kyu. pii. sii. aarr samvidaanangal sajjeekarikkumbol, nyoo englandu biolabs protocolukalile ellah minimum paaraameettar checklistukalkkum daatta anuyojyamaakunnathinaayi mike maarganirddeshangalkku chuttum daatta shekharana bhagam roopakalppana cheythathayi prasthaavichu. mattu shaasthra upakarana kambanikal avarude upakaranangal lakshyapoorvvam roopakalppana cheythukondu maargganirddeshangal palikkaan sahaayichittund, oro ghattavum poortthiyaakumbol mike checklist sajeevamaayi adayaalappeduthaan anuvadikkunna oru mobail aapp bio-raadu srishtikkunnathu ulppede.
2020 juunil mike maargganirddeshangal prasidheekarichathinushamla patthaam vaarshikathinte oru avalokanam nadathukayum maargganirddeshangal paalikkumbol mikachathum kooduthal samghadithavumaaya phalangal nalkia shaasthreeya padanangal charcha cheyyukayum cheythu. 2013 augustil, digital pii. sii. aarr reethikkaayulla maarganirddeshangalude oru update cheytha pathipp 2013 leeii yadhaartha pathippin sesham yanthrangal, saankethikavidyakal, saankethikavidyakal ennivayile mechappeduthal kanakkileduthu prasidheekarichu. daatta vishakalanathinayi adhika maarganirddesha gattangal cherkkukayum athesamayam gaveshakarkk upayogikkaan kooduthal lalithamaaya checklist table nalkukayum cheythu. covid-19 mahamari samayat covid-19 vairal kanangalude klinikkal saannidhyam thirichariyunnathinaayi 2020 desemberil klinikkal biomarkerukalkkaayulla mike maargganirddeshangal upayogichu steefan bastinotoppam oru arty-qpcr targetting asse vikasippichu.
maarganirddeshangalude avalokanam.
mike maargganirddeshangal checklist nirmmikkunna 9 vyathyastha vibhagangalaayi thirichirikkunnu. qpcr thanne cheiyunnathinulla parigananakal mathramalla, thathfalamaayundaakunna daatta engane shekharikkukayum vishakalanam cheyyukayum avatharippikkukayum cheiyunnu ennathum ithil ulppedunnu. upayogicha vishakalana softweyarumaayi bandhapetta vivarangal ulppeduthukayum asamskritha daatta prasakthamaaya daattaabesukalilekk samarppikkukayum cheyyuka ennathaanu randaamathethinte oru pradhana bhagam.
pareekshanathmaka roopakalppana.
pareekshanathmakavum niyantranaparavumaaya grouppukalude vyathyaasangal vivarikkunnathinulla oru inam polulla maarganirddeshangalude valia bhaagangalil pareekshanangalilum prasidheekaranangalilum saadhaaranayaayi ulppeduthunna adisthaana pravartthanangal ulppedunnu. atharam mattu vivarangalil pareekshanatthil oro groupilum ethra vyakthigatha unitukal upayogikkunnu ennathu ulppedunnu. eathoru padanatthinum anivaaryamaanennu eee rund bhaagangalum nirvachikkappedunnu. eee vibhaagathil rund abhikaamyamaaya pooyintukalum ulppedunnu, avaa rachayithaavinte laboratorio sarvakalashaalayudeyo samghadanayudeyo oru pradhana laboratorio kyu. pii. sii. aarr. parisodhana nadathiyittundo ennum srishtiyilekku sambhavana nalkia mattethenkilum vyakthikalude amgeekaaravum choondikkaanikkunnu.
sample.
saambilukalum sample metteeriyalukalum paalikkenda avashya aavasyakathakalil saambilinte vivaranam, eathu tharatthilulla vichedanam upayogichu, eathu prosessing reethi cheythu, saambilukal maravippichathaano sthirappeduthiyo, ethra samayameduthu, eathu sample vyavasthakal upayogichu enniva ulppedunnu. cupcrinaayi prosess cheytha saambilinte alavo pindamo ariyanum abhikaamyamaanu.
nucleic assid verthirichedukkal.
dna/rna verthirichedukkunna prakriyaykku niravadhi avashya maarganirddeshangalundu. ithil verthirichedukkal prakriyayude vivaranam, eathu dna extraction kitt upayogichuvennathinekkura oru prasthavana, nirddeshangalil enthengilum mattangal varuthiyathenthenkilum, eathenkilum dns allengil rns chikitsa upayogicho ennathinekkurichulla vishadaamshangal, eathenkilum malineekaranam vilayiruthiyittundo ennathinekkurichulla oru prasthavana, verthirichedutha janithaka vasthukkalude alavu, verthirichedukkunnathi upayogikkunna upakaranangalude vivaranam, rna samagratha nilanirthaan upayogikkunna reethikal, rna samagratha nambarineyum gunanilavaara soochakatheyum sambandhicha oru prasthavana, alavu chakram (sii. kyu) ethi, avasaanamaayi inhibittarukalude saannidhyamo abhaavamo nirnnayikkaan enthaanu parisodhana nadathiyathu. upayogicha reactors evide ninnaan labhichathu, eathu thalatthilulla janithaka parishudhi labhichu, eathu vilavu labhichu, sthireekaranathinaayi oru electrophoresis jell chithram ennivayaanu aavasyamulla naalu vivarangal.
reverse transcription.
eee ghattatthinte praadhamika avashya bhaagangalil prathikarana avasthakal poornnamaayi vishadeekarikkuka, upayogicha rnaude alavum prathikaranatthinte motham alavum nalkuka, primeraayi upayogikkunna oligo nucleodidenecury athinte saandrathayekkurichum vivarangal nalkuka, upayogicha reverse traanskriptesinte saandrathayum tharavum, avasaanamaayi prathikaranatthinaayi cheytha thapanilayum samayavum enniva ulppedunnu. reactorukalude kaattalog nambarukalum avayude nirmmaathaakkalum, traanscriptes ulppedunnathinoppam koodaathe illaathe sii. kyu. yude staanderd deviation, sii. dii. enn. eiii engane sambharichu ennathum abhikaamyamaanu.
qpcr taargett vivarangal.
jeane chihnam, samshayaaspadamaaya seekwansinulla accession daattaabes nambar, seekvansinte dairkhyam, blaast polulla specificiality skreeninekkurichulla vivarangal, seekwansinaayi eathu spliesing veriyantukal nilavilundu, oro primerinum exon allengil introon evideyaanu ennathulppede targettinekkurichulla ellah adisthaana vivarangalum ivide aavasyamaanu. aamplikkaninte sthaanam, eathenkilum syoodojenukalo homologukalo nilavilundo, oru sequence vinyaasam nadathiyittundo, athil ninnu labhicha daatta, amplified seekvansinte dvitheeya gadanayekkurichulla eathenkilum daatta enniva polulla niravadhi aavasyamullathum ennaal aavashyamillaathathumaaya vivarangalaanu eee vibhaagathilullath.
kyu. pii. sii. aarr oligo nucleotideukal.
oligo nucleodideukalude nirmmaanathinu rund avashya vivarangal maathrame aavashyamulloo upayogicha primer sequenceukalum sequencil varuthiya eathenkilum parishkkaranangalude sthaanavum vishadaamshangalum. ennaal artiprimerdiby daattaabesil ninnulla identification nambar, probukalil ninnulla sequenceukal, oligos nirmmikkaan upayogikkunna nirmmaathaav, avaa engane shudheekarichu ennivayulppede niravadhi abhikaamyamaaya daattakalund.
kyu. pii. sii. aarr protocol.
maarganirddeshangalude praadhamika vibhagangalilonnaayathinaal, kyu. pii. sii. aarr prakriyaykku thanne checklistil niravadhi avashya bhaagangalund. prathikaranatthinu upayogikkunna muzhuvan vyavasthakalum, prathikaranatthinteyum cdnauda alavu, probukal, magneeshyam ionukal, dntps ennivayude saandrata, eathu tharatthilulla polymerase upayogichu, athinte saandrata, eathu kitt upayogichu, athinte nirmmaathaav, prathikaranatthinu enthu aditteevukal upayogichu, qpcr mesheen nirmmichathu, thermocycling prakriyaykkayi eathu paaraamettarukal sajjeekarichu enniva ithil ulppedunnu. upayogicha bufferinte raasaghadana, upayogicha plettukalum tubeukalum nirmmichavar, avayude kaattalog nambar enthaanu, prathikaranam swamedhayaa sajjeekarichathaano atho oru yanthram vazhiyaano ennathaanu aavasyamulla adhika vivarangal.
kyu. pii. sii. aarr. sthireekaranam.
nadatthiya kyu. pii. sii. aarr prakriyayude falapraptiyum gunanilavaaravum sthireekarikkunnathinu, niravadhi pravartthanangalum thudarnnulla daattayum avatharippikkendathundu. jell upayogikkunnathu, janithaka vasthukkalude nerittulla sequencing, meltt profile kaanikkunnath allengil restruction ensime vazhi dahanam polulla prakriya pravartthikkunnundo ennu parishodhikkunnathinulla nirddishta reethi vishadeekarikkunnathu ithil ulppedunnu. sii. aii. bii. aarr green aii upayogichirunnenkil, dna template illaatha kantrol grouppinte sii. kyu nalkanam. slope vaii interseptum ulla mesheen karvukalude calibration, mukalil soochippicha sloppil ninnu nirnnayicha pii. sii. aarr prakriyayude karyakshamatha, calibration karvukalkkulla korileshan cofficients (aarr square), leanier karvukalude dynamic rench, 95 sathamaanam phalangal ippozhum positteev (looad) aaya ettavum kuranja saandrathayil kandethiya sii. kyu., lodinte thelivu enniva koodaathe avasaanamaayi oru multiplexes upayogikkukayaanenkil, oro parisodhanaykkum kaaryakshamathayum load nalkanam.
gradiantukalude upayogam vazhi kyu. pii. sii. aarr opttimaiseshan sambhavichuvennathin thelivukal, kyu. pii. sii. aarinte karyakshamatha kaanikkunnathinulla aathmavishwaasa edavelakal, pareekshicha muzhuvan shreniyudeyum aathmavishwaasa edavelakal enniva adhika aavasyamulla vivarangalil ulppedunnu.
daatta vishakalanam.
maarganirddeshangalude avasana vibhaagathil kyu. pii. sii. aarr daattayude vishakalanam engane cheythu ennathinekkurichulla vivarangal ulppedunnu. vishakalanathinayi upayogikkunna prograam pathipum prograam pathipum, sii. kyu engane nirnnayichu, daattayile outlayar pooyintukal kandethuka, avaa engane upayogikkunnu allengil ozhivaakkunnu, enthukondu, template janithaka metteeriyal illaatha niyanthranangalkk enthu phalangal kandethi, upayogicha reference jeenukal enthukondaanu thiranjedutthathu, avayude ennam enthukondu thiranjedutthu, daatta saadhaaranavalkkarikkaan upayogicha reethi, ethra saankethika replicateukal ulppeduthi, parishodhanakalkullile daatta ethratholam aavarthikkaam, phalangalude praadhaanyam nirnnayikkaan eathu reethikal upayogichu, gunaparamaaya vishakalanathinte eee bhaagathinu eathu software upayogichu enniva athinte pradhana bhaagangalil ulppedunnu.
biological replikkettukalude ennathekkurichum avaa saankethika replikkettukalil ninnulla falangalumaayi poruthappedunnundo ennathinekkurichum vivarangal ulppeduthaanum aagrahikkunnu, concentration veriyantukalude punarnirmmanakshamatha daatta, power vishakalanathekurichulla daatta, avasaanamaayi gaveshakarkk rdml phayal formaattil asamskritha daatta samarppikkunnathinum.

