
dna-binding domaine

eratta allengil ottathavana dna thirichariyunna oru gadanaaparamaaya rooparekhayenkilum ulkkollunna oru swathanthramaayi madakkiya protein domainanu dna-binding domaine (dbd). oru dbdic oru nirddishta dna sequence (oru recognission sequence) thirichariyaan kazhiyum allengil dnaumayi pothuvaaya aduppam undaayirikkum. chila dna-binding domainukalil avayude madakkiya ghadanayil nuclic aasidukalum ulppettekkaam.
pravartthanam.
onno athiladhikamo dna-binding domainukal palappozhum vyathyastha pravarthanangalulla kooduthal protein domainukal adangiya oru valia proteente bhagamaanu. adhika domainukal palappozhum dna-binding domaininte pravartthanatthe niyanthrikkunnu. dna bindinginte pravartthanam onnukil ghadanaaparamo allengil transcription niyanthranam ulkkollunnatho aanu, rund rolukalum chilappol ovarlaappucheyyunnu.
dna ghadana ulppedunna pravarthanangalulla dna-binding domainukalkku dna replication, repire, storeju, methylation polulla parishkkaranangalil jaivaparamaaya pankundu.
jeane expression niyanthrikkunnathil earppettirikkunna niravadhi proteinukalil dna-binding domainukal adangiyirikkunnu. udaaharanathinu, dna bined cheythukondu transcription niyanthrikkunna proteinukale transcription gadakangal ennu vilikkunnu. mikka sellular signalling cascadeukaludeyum anthima outtputtu jeane niyanthranamaan.
dbd dnaude nucleodideukalumaayi dna sequence-nirddishta allengil noonn-sequence-nirddishta reethiyil samvadikkunnu, ennaal noonn-sequence-nirddishta thirichariyalil polum protein dna thammilulla orutharam tanmatra poorakatha ulppedunnu. dbd vazhi dna thirichariyal dnaude pradhana allengil cheria kuzhiyilo panchasaara-phoosphett dna nattellilo sambhavikkam (dnaude ghadana kaanuka). oro prathyeka tharam dna thirichariyalum proteente pravarthanatthinu anusrithamaayi krameekarichirikkunnu. udaaharanathinu, dna-cutting ensime dna eathaandu kramarahithamayi murikkunnu, athinaal dnaumayi noonn-sequence-specific reethiyil bandhippikkanam. ennirunnaalum, dna phoott printing enna saankethikavidyayiloode dna thirichariyal padikkaan upayogapradamaakunna oru prathyeka dna pilarpp paatten nalkunna oru prathyeka 3-dii dna ghadanaye dna aii thirichariyunnu.
nirddishta jeenukale sajeevamaakkunna transcription gadakangalude dbd allengil restruction ensimeukal, telomerase polulla nirddishta saittukalil dna parishkkarikkunna ensaimukalude dvd polulla nirddishta dna sequenceukal pala dna-binding domainukalum thirichariyanam. dna pradhana groovile hydrajan bonting paatten dna minor groovinekkaal kuravaanu, ithu sequence-nirddishta dna tirichariyalinaayi kooduthal aakarshakamaaya oru saitt nalkunnu.
jell electrophoresis, analytical ultra centrifugation, colorimetry, dna mutation, protein ghadana mutation allengil parishkkaranam, nuclear magnetic resonance, ex-reey christalography, uparithala plaasmon resonance, electron paramagnetic resonance, cross-linking, microskeyil thermophoresis (mst) thudangi niravadhi biochemical, biophysical teknikkukal upayogichu dna-binding proteinukalude prathyekatha padikkaam.
genomukalile dna-binding protein.
oro genomnileyum jeenukalude oru valia bhagam dna-binding proteinukale encode cheiyunnu (pattika kaanuka). ennirunnaalum, kurachu protein kudumbangal maathrame dna-binding ulloo. udaaharanathinu, ekadesham 750 sink-viral proteinukal ulppede 20,000 manushya proteinukalil 2000-ladhikam "dna-binding" aanu.
tharangal.
helix-teenn-helix.
bakteeriyakalil aadyam kandethiya helix-teenn-helix roopakam saadhaaranayaayi repressor proteinukalil kaanapedunnu, ithinu ekadesham 20 amino aasidukal neelamundu. yookkaariyottukalil, homeodomainil 2 helixukal adangiyirikkunnu, avayilonnu dna (recognission helix) thirichariyunnu. vikasana prakriyakale niyanthrikkunna proteinukalil avaa saadhaaranamaanu (proosait echu. tii. echu).
sink viral.
sink finger domaine kooduthalum yookkaariyottukalil kaanapedunnu, ennaal chila udaaharanagal bakteeriyakalil kandethiyittundu. sink viral domaine saadhaaranayaayi 23 muthal 28 vare amino aasidukalkk idayilaanu, koodaathe sink ayonukale pathivayi sink-coordinating avashishtangalumayi (histidinukaloo systeinukaloo) ekopippichu sthirappeduthunnu. sink viralinte ettavum saadhaaranamaaya klaas (cys2his2) orotta sink ionine ekopippikkukayum oru recognission helix 2-staand beetta-sheettum ulkkollukayum cheiyunnu. transcription gadakangalil eee domainukal palappozhum arekalil kaanapedunnu (saadhaaranayaayi short linker sequenceukalaal verthirikkappedunnu) koodaathe dnaumayi bandhippikkumbol aduthulla viralukal 3 bays payer edavelakalil akalam paalikkunnu.
lucine sipper.
adisthaana lucine sipper (bii. sii. pii) domaine pradhaanamaayum yookkaariyottukalilum parimithamaaya alavil bakteeriyakalilum kaanapedunnu. oro ezhaamathe amino aasidilum lucine ulla oru alfa helix bissip domainil adangiyirikkunnu. atharam rund helikkukal parasparam kandethukayaanengil, leusinukalkku oru sipparile pallukalaayi samvadikkaan kazhiyum, ithu rund proteinukalude dimerisation anuvadikkunnu. dnaumayi bandhippikkumbol, adisthaana amino assid avashishtangal panchasaara-phoosphett nattellumayi bandhippikkunnu, athesamayam helikkukal pradhana kuzhikalil irikkunnu. ithu jeane expressione niyanthrikkunnu.
chirakulla helix.
110 amino aasidukal adangiyirikkunna chirakulla helix (doubleuech) domainil naalu helixukalum rund staand beetta sheettum undu.
chirakulla helix-teenn-helix.
chirakukalulla helix-teenn-helix (doubleuech) domaine saadhaaranayaayi 85-90 amino aasidukal neelamundu. 3-helical bundle, 4-staand beetaa-sheett (wing) ennivayaal ithu roopappedunnu.
helix-lupe-helix.
adisthaana helix-lupe-helix (bii. echu. ell. echu) domaine chila transcription gadakangalil kaanapedunnu, koodaathe oru lupe bandhippichirikkunna rund alfa helixukal (α-helix) ithinte savisheshathayaanu. oru helix saadhaaranayaayi cheruthaanu, looppinte vazhakkam kaaranam, mattoru helixinoppam madakki paaykk cheythukondu dimerisation anuvadikkunnu. valia helixil saadhaaranayaayi dna-binding pradeshangal adangiyirikkunnu.
echmji-boxes.
replication, transcription thudangiya dna-ashrita prakriyakalil earppettirikkunna uyarnna mobility group proteinukalil echmji-boxes domainukal kaanapedunnu. valayangal prerippichukondu avaa dnaude vazhakkavum maattunnu. loopukalaal verthirikkapetta moonnu alfa helikkukalaan domainil adangiyirikkunnathu.
voor3 domaine.
candida aalbikaanukalile" vaitt-opakk regulator 3 (voor 3) yude peril ariyappedunna voor 3 domainukal munbu vivaricha dna-binding domainukalekkaal parinaama kaalaghattatthil aduthide uyarnnuvarikayum avaa cheria ennam fangasukalil parimithappedutthukayum cheiyunnu.
obi-fold domaine.
obu-fold ennathu oru cheria gadanaaparamaaya roopamaanu, yadhaarthathil athinte oligo nucleotide/oligosaccharide binding gunangalkk perittirikkunnu. obi-fold domainukalkku 70 muthal 150 vare amino aasidukal neelamundu. obi-foldukal single-stranded dna bandhippikkunnu, athinaal single-stranded binding proteinukalaanu.
dna replication, dna recombination, dna repire, transcription, translation, colled shock prathikaranam, telomere attakuttappanikal ennivaykku obi-fold proteinukal nirnaayakamaanennu thiricharinjittundu.
asaadhaaranam.
immunoglobulin madakkikkalayunnu.
dii. enn. eiii. pradhana groovukaleyo aantijanukaleyo thirichariyaan sahayikkunna valia connecting looppukalulla oru beetta-sheett gadanayaanu immunoglobulin domainil () adangiyirikkunnathu. saadhaaranayaayi immunoglobulin proteinukalil kaanapedunna avaa saitokin paathayile staatt proteinukalilum kaanapedunnu. saitokin paatha thaarathamyena aduthide vikasikkukayum svanthamaayi srishtikkunnathinupakaram ithinakam pravarthanakshamamaaya samvidaanangal upayogikkukayum cheythathukondaakam ithu.
bii3 domaine.
bii3 dbd (,) uyarnna sasyangalil ninnulla transcription gadakangalilum endonucleaseukal ekkoriyilum bfiilum maathramaayi kaanapedunnu, saadhaaranayaayi 100-120 avashishtangal adangiyirikkunnu. ithil ezhu beetaa sheettukalum rund alfa helisukalum ulppedunnu, ithu dna-binding seudobaral protein madakkam undaakkunnu.
tall ifakttar.
santomonas" janussile baakteeriyal plaant rogakaarikalil tall effectorukal kaanapedunnu, koodaathe bacteria viralence, vyaapanam, vyaapanam enniva sugamamakkunnathinaayi aathidheya sasyathinte jeenukale niyanthrikkunnathil earppettirikkunnu. avayil 33-35 avashishtangalude aavarthanangalude oru kendra mekhala adangiyirikkunnu, koodaathe oro aavarthana mekhalayum kathayude binding saittil orotta dna bays encode cheiyunnu. aavarthanathinullil avasheshikkunna 13 maathramaan dna aditharayumaayi nerittu sanbarkkam pularthunnathu, sequence specificiality nirnnayikkunnu, athesamayam mattu sthaanangal dna nattellumayi sanbarkkam pulartthunnu, ithu dna-binding prathipravartthanathe sthirappeduthunnu. shrenikkullile oro aavarthanavum jodiyakkiya alfa-helixinte roopamedukkumbol, muzhuvan aavarthikkunna shreniyum dna-double helixinu chuttum pothinju oru valamkaiyyan superhelics roopappeduthunnu. dna bindingle tall ifakttar repait arekal churungunnathayi kaanichittundu, koodaathe oru tuu-stettu serch mechanism nirddeshichittundu, athiloode coor tall ifakttar repait areyude oru advitheeya repait yoonit enn-terminalil ninnu vijayakaramaya taimin thirichariyalil ninnu aarambhich dnaic chuttum neelamulla katha churungaan thudangunnu.
baakteeriyal plaant pathojan "ralstoniya solaneshyaram", fungus endosymbiond "barkholderiya rhisoxinica", ithuvare thirichariyappedaatha rund samudra-sookshumaanukkal ennivayil anubandha proteinukal kaanapedunnu. dna binding code aavarthichulla shreniyude ghadanayum eee grouppukalkkidayil samrakshikkappedunnu, ithine koottaayi katha-ishtangal ennu vilikkunnu.
aarr. enn. eiii.-guided.
streptococcus payojanees"-nte chrisper/kaas sisttam, lakshyamidunna dna cytukalilekku bays-pairing komplimentaarittiyulla guide aarenekalude lalithamaaya enchineeyaringiloode prakrithidathavum krithrimavumaaya eucariotic promotermark sajeevamakkaanum adichamarthaanum prograam cheyyaan kazhiyum. ishtaanusrithamaakkaavunna rna-guided dna-binding plaattfomaayi cases 9 upayogikkaam. thaalpparyamulla regulatory domainukal upayogichu domaine kaas 9 pravarthanakshamamaakkaam (udha.jii.sajeevamaakkal, adichamarthal allengil epigenetic ifakttar) allengil genome enchiniyaring bayolajiyude vaividhyamaarnna upakaranamaayi endonuclease domaine. thudarnnu vyathyastha guide rnakal upayogichu onniladhikam lokkikalilekku taargettucheyyuka.

