
buxels

2016 leeii epiji IV sisttam amgeekaricha eudicote poochedikalude oru cheria kramamaanu baksalukal. eee kramatthil buxesse kudumbam ulppedunnu; didaimelesee, haptanthesee ennee kudumbangalum thirichariyaan kazhiyum allengil buxessiyil ulppeduthaam. eee kramatthile pala amgangalum nithyaharitha kuttichedikalo marangalo aanu, ennirunnaalum chilath sasyasasyangal niranja vattaatha sasyangalaan. avaykku vyathyasthamaaya "aann" (staaminett), "penn" (carpellat) pookkalundu, kooduthalum ore chediyil (athaayath.iii. avaa kooduthalum monosius aanu). chila enangal avar uthppaadippikkunna maratthinu allengil alankaara sasyangalkk saambathika praadhaanyamund.
vivaranam.
baksalukalkk anubandha sasyangalude grouppukalil ninnu verthirikkunna thaarathamyena vyakthamaaya pankitta savisheshathakal kuravaanu (athaayath.iii. kurachu vyakthamaaya sinapomorphical). onnu oru prathyeka tharam alcaloid allengil suedo alcaloid, garbhakala stiroyidukalude saannidyamaanu. avaykku ekalinga pookkalundu (i.iii. prathyeka staaminett allengil "aann" pookkalum carpelet allengil "penn" pookkalum), mikathum monosius aanu. pookkal cheruthum 7 millimeteril thaazheyullathumaan. tepalukalkku orotta vascular bundle (trace) undu. poornnamaaya (pallillaatha) arikukalulla elakal, resimmukalil krameekarichirikkunna pookkal, prathyeka kalankam undakunnathinupakaram poombodi muzhuvan neelatthilum sweekarikkaan kazhivulla cheria shailikal, oru carpelinu onnu muthal rund vare andangal, niravadhi kosha paalikalaal nirmmicha testte (kottukal) ulla vithukal enniva eee kramatthil pothuvaayirikkunna mattu pratheekangalil ulppedunnu.
"didaimelesee kudumbatthile eaka janussaaya didaimeles, madagaskaril maathram kaanapedunna rund inam nithyaharitha vrukshangal ulkkollunnu. ithu eakaakiyaanu, aii.iii. vyathyastha chedikalil staaminett, carpelet pookkal. buxesse (haptanthesee ulppede) kooduthal vaividyamaarnnathaanu, ekadesham 115 enangalulla ancho aaroo janussukalulla ithu lokathile mikka mitasheetoshna, ushnamekhalaa pradeshangalilum kaanapedunnu. mikka enangalum nithyaharitha kuttichedikalo cheria marangalo aanu, ennaal chilath ("pachisandra" polullava) sasyasasyangalaan.
vargeekaranam.
2009 leeii epiji III sanbradaayathil, eee kramatthil buxesse, haptanthesee ennee rund kudumbangal ulppedunnu. muun vargeekaranangalil ninnu vyathyasthamayi (2003 leeii epiji II sisttam ulppede), epiji III didaimelesee kudumbatthe thirichariyunnilla, pakshe baksesiyayile "didaimeles" januss ulppedunnu. 2011-ll prasidheekaricha thudarnnulla gaveshanangal soochippikkunnathu, haptanthesee buxessiyil ulchernnirikkaam, orupakshe "baksasinte" sahodariyaayirikkaam, koodaathe angiosper filogeny websait haptanthesiye inii thirichariyunnilla. 2016 eiii. pii. jii IV sisttathil, haptanthesee buxaceayil samyojippichirikkunnu, ithu buxacy "buxelukal" enna eaka kudumbamaayi avasheshippikkunnu.
filogeny.
yoodikkottukalkkullil ennaal coor yoodikkottukalkk purathu, basel yoodikottukalude oru paraphyletic groupilaanu baksalukal sthaapikkunnathu. mattu yoodikottukalumaayi thaarathamyappeduthumbol kramatthinte monophylli athinte pothuvaaya sthaanavum pala padanangalum sthireekarichittundu. saadhyamaaya oru phylogenetic vruksham chuvade kaanichirikkunnu, avide basel yoodikottukalude krithyamaaya kramam ippozhum anishchithathvathilaanu.
basel yoodikkottukalum coor yoodikkottukalum thammilulla oru vyathyasam, randaamathethu aadyathethil illaatha nuclear genome poornnamaayum pakarthappettathaayi thonnunnu ennathaanu. molecular phylogenetic padanangal kramatthil kudumbangaludeyum janussinteyum aantharika krameekaranangal alpam vyathyasthamayi srishtichittundu; athinaal athu vibhajikkapetta kudumbangalude ennathile vyathiyaanam.
janarej.
didaimelesee allengil buxesse
buxesse
buxesse allengil haptanthesee
muun chikitsa.
1981leeii kronkist sanbradaayathil, buxesse euphorbiase ezz.-maayi bandhappettirunnu.ell.dedimelesic avarudethaaya kramam nalki. 2003 leeii epiji II sanbradaayathil, yoodikkottukalil oordar cheyyappedaattha oru kudumbamaayirunnu buxesse, oopshanalaayi "didaimelas" januss ulppede, athu pakaram athinte swantham kudumbatthil sthaapikkaam.
upayogikkunnu.
baksesiyayile chila enangalkku saambathika praadhaanyamund. "buxes sempervirance" (kooman boxes), "buxes makovani" (keppu boxes) enniva kothupanikalkkum kothupanikalkkum vilamathikkunna kadinamaaya maram nirmmikkunnu. alankaara poonthotta sasyangalayum bonsaay sasyangalayum eee enangal upayogikkunnu. veli, athirthi attangal ennivaykkaayi kooman boxes upayogikkunnu. pachisandra" enangal bhoovaranamaayi upayogikkunnu. sarcococa" inam shaithyakaalath cheruthenkilum sakthamaaya sugandhamulla pookkal uthpaadippikkunnu.

