minnesota samsthaana thalasthaanatthinte nirmmaanam

1896 muthal 1907 vare sent poolile nilavile minnesota samsthaana thalasthaanam nirmikkappettu; muun thalasthaanam thurannathinu thottupinnaale, tirakk, mathiyaya fireproofinginte abhavam, mosham vaayusanjaaram enniva kaaranam ithu anuyojyamallennu thelinju. samsthaana udyogasthar kooduthal mahathaayathum kaaryakshamavumaya oru thalasthaanam aasoothranam cheyyaan thudangi. 1893ll govarnor kanyoott nelson samsthaana niyamasabhayude shupaarshayethudarnnu oru puthiya thalasthaanatthinte nirmmaanathinu melnottam vahikkaan ezhu anga samsthaana thalasthaana kammeeshanarmaarude boardine niyamichu. kammeeshanarmaar praadeshika aarkkitekt kaas gilbertinte roopakalppana thiranjedukkukayum paarkk avanyoo, yooniversitti avanyoo, devadaaru, vabasha theruvukal, central avanyoo ennivayaal chuttapetta vabasha kunnil oru sthalam thiranjedukkukayum cheythu. ithu ettavum chelaveria oopshanaayirunnenkilum, thiranjeduttha saitt shortlist cheytha naalu saittukalil ettavum valuthaanu, ithu kettidatthinu ettavum mikacha sthalamaanennu kammeeshan nigamanam cheythu.
samsthaanathinte nilavile sarkkar aasthaanamaaya puthiya kettidatthinte bhooribhaagam jolikalum kaikondu cheythathaanu. kuthirakalum chilappol manushyarum looad uyarthaan oorjjam nalkukayum valia kallu blokkukalum irumbu gurderukalum neeravi upayogichu pravartthikkunna kreyinukalum uyarthalukalum upayogichu neekkukayum cheythu. kallinte roopeekaranathinu neeravi upayogichu pravartthikkunna drillukal, numatic chisalukal, channeling, polishing mesheenukal enniva aavasyamaanu. thozhilshakthiyil bhooribhaagavum amerikkayilekkulla kudiyettakkaaraayirunnu. kudiyettakkaaraayirunnu 1898num idayil apakadangalil aarr thozhilaallikal surakshithamallaatha thozhil saahacharyangalude falamaayi marichu.
poortthiyaayappol, kettidam vasthuvidyaa samoohathil ninnu prashamsa pidichupatti, ithu vestt virgenia, arkansas ennivayulppedeyulla mattu samsthaanangalkkum mattu sradheyamaaya gadanakalkkumaayi thalasthaana kettidangal roopakalppana cheyyanamennu gilbertinode abhyarthanakalkku kaaranamaayi.
aasoothranam.
1893ll govarnor kanyoott nelson oru puthiya thalasthaanatthinte nirmmaanathinu melnottam vahikkaan samsthaana thalasthaana kammeeshanarmaarude boardine niyamichu, samsthaana niyamasabhayude shupaarshayethudarnnu, oru kettidatthinte aavasyakatha anweshikkaan oru kammitti roopeekarikkukayum kuranjathu 2 dasalaksham dollar vaangunna niyamanirmmanam pasakkukayum cheythu. saambathika maandyam nilanilkkunnundenkil, ithu oru mithamaaya thukayayi kanakkaakkappettirunnu.
banker henry vilson lamberton, karshakanaya jaims mechenju, tool vyaapaari edger neythukaaran, banker, kaarshika samrambhakanaya jorj eiii. ennivarulppede niravadhi pramukha minnesota nivaasikal commissionil ulppettirunnu. chaskayil ninnulla oru vyakthiyaayirunnu dutoit. nirmmathaavum baankarumaaya joonn dalaitre minnepolisil ninnullayalaayirunnu. kammeeshante vais president sent. iii. siyil oru palacharakk bisinesses nadathunna kadaltheerathe sanjarikkukayaayirunnu. pooll. bordinte "yadhaartha" thalavanaayirunnu seabury, niyamanirmmanasabhayil ninnulla fandukalkkaayulla kammeeshante lobiye nayichu. govarnor oonarari presidentaayi sevanamanushtichuvenkilum kammeeshante pravarthanangalil pothuve edapettittilla.
saitt thiranjedukkuka.
1895 januvari januvari puratthirakkiya aadya dvivatsara reportil kammeeshan oru thalasthaana kettidatthinaayi saadhyamaaya naalu sthalangal thiranjedutthu. nilavilulla thalasthaana kettidatthinte sthalamaaya ekschenchilum vabasha theruvukalilum bhoomi upayogikkukayum vadakku athirthi pankidunna oru sthalavumaayi samyojippikkukayum cheyyuka ennathaayirunnu oru oopshan. mattu moonnu sthalangal sent. pooll; onnu central paarkkin vadakkulla oru blokkaayirunnu, ippol minnesota judicial sentar, mattonn aadhunika moundu eyari ayalpakkathinte jaaksan street saittinte thalayilulla baas hill aayirunnu. thiranjeduttha sittinekkaal valare cheruthum kooduthal nirmmichathumaaya eee sittukal kammeeshan pariganikkukayum nirasikkukayum cheythu.
vabasha hill ennariyappettirunna thiranjeduttha saittin paarkk avanyoo, yooniversitti avanyoo, devadaaru, vabasha theruvukal, central avanyoo enniva undaayirunnu. ettavum chelaveria oopshanaayirunnenkilum, naalu saittukalil ettavum valuth vabasha kunnum aayirunnu, ithu kettidatthinu ettavum mikacha sthalamaanennu kammeeshan nigamanam cheythu. saitt nirmmikkunna bhoomiyude paazhsalukalude pathinezh udamakal athu vaangunnathin 480,000 dollar aavasyappettenkilum vasthu udamakalumaayulla swakaarya charchakal athu kuraykkaan mikkavareyum prerippichu. edapaadu poortthiyaakkaan rund paazhsalukalude oru udamaykkethire apalapana nadapadikal upayogichu. thalasthaanathinaayulla bhoomi 285,000 dollariladhikam chelavil ettedukkappettu. saittinte mattu nettangalil yooniversitti avanyoovile munvashavum ulppedunnu-akkaalat minnepolisinum sent sentinum edayilulla ettavum pradhanappetta rooad. pooll-mattu sittukalumaayi thaarathamyappeduthumbol nilavilulla vikasanathinte abhavam.
design prakriya.
oru aarkkitektine thiranjedukkuka.
kammeeshan designukalkkaayi 1894 juunil parasyam cheyyukayum sharathkaalathode ambathiyaaru nirddeshangal sweekarikkukayum cheythu. pramukha aarkkitektukal emm. bosttanile veelraittum chikkagoyile henry ives kobum thiranjeduppinekkurichu commission upadesham nalki. 1894 november 1 nuu commission nalkia reportil, veelraittum cobb ettavum mikachavaraanennu avar vishwasicha anchu aarkkidekttukale thiranjedutthu, oru samarppanavum upadeshikkunna aarkkidekttukale aakarshichillengilum, aarum gunanilavaaramulla nirmmaana saamagrikalkk arharallennu nirbandhikkukayum cheythu, graanaitum mattu mikacha kallum, pakaram chunnaambukallu upayogikkanam. thiranjedukkappetta anchu aarkkitektukal ivayaayirunnu
ambathiyaaru samarppikkalukalum oduvil nirasikkapettu.
samarppikkunna aarkkidekttukalude vimarsanangalil swaadheenam cheluthiya kammeeshan karaarukalile chila vyavasthakal maattaan niyamanirmmanasabhayodu aavasyappettu. bharameriya roopakalppana niyanthranangal, aparyapthamaaya dhanasahayam, padhathiyude aarkkitektinte parimithamaaya niyanthranam enniva kettidatthe durbalappeduthum. niyamasabha shupaarsha cheytha mattangal pasakkukayum 1895 epril 15 nuu kammeeshan mattoru malsaram prakhyapikkukayum athinaayi naalppathiyonnu designukal samarppikkukayum cheythu. entrikal vilayiruthaan veelraitt kammeeshane sahayikkukayum preemiyangalkkayi anchu samarpikkalukal shupaarsha cheyyukayum cheythu; jorjju aarr. maan oof sent. luis, misauri; wendell & humphries oof denver, colorado; basford, trafajan & fitspatric oof sent. polum duluthum, minnesota; sent kaas gilbert. pooll, minnesota; clarence echu. sent jonsttan. pooll, minnesotta. 1895 october october kammeeshan charchakal aarambikkukayum thaazhepparayunna puraskaarangal nalkukayum cheythu
kaas gilbertinu kammeeshan labhichu. vijayiyude nashtapariharam valare cheruthaanennu vishwasichu gilbert aadya roundil praveshichirunnilla.
denver aarkkitekcharal sthaapanamaaya wendell & humphries "raashtreeyam" avaardukale swaadheenichathaayi parathippettu. desember 17-leeii yogathil kammeeshan "kuzhappathinte kathu" theerumaanichu. praadeshika raashtreeyam preemiyangalude awardine swaadheenichuvennum anaavasyamaanennum atharam ashayavinimayangal phayal cheyyaan board shradhikkunnillennum board avarude aakshepam pariganikkunnuvennum prasthavanayumaayi vais president vendellum humphries [sic] avarkk thirike nalkanam. veelraittinte abhiprayamaanu thiranjeduppu ennu avakashappettathinaal eee aropanangal shradhikkendathinte aavasyakatha anubhavappettathayi kammeeshan randaamathe reportil paranju.
nirmmaanam.
nirmmaanam aarambikkunnu.
1896 meyy 6 nuu nirmmaanam aarambhichu; jorjju jeey. khananathinum aditharayidunnathinumaayi graant thiranjedutthu. athe varsham juun juun tharakkallidaanulla aadya kallu vechathu. adithara vegathil nirmmikkukayum november 24-nakam poortthiyaakkukayum cheythu. valia kallu blokkukalum irumbu gaardarukalum neekkaan neeravi upayogichu pravartthikkunna kreyinukalum uyarthalukalum upayogikkukayum neeravi upayogichu pravartthikkunna drillukal, numatic chisalukal, channeling, polishing mesheenukal enniva upayogichu kallu roopappeduthukayum cheythu. athe varsham octoberil thaazhathe nilayinte urukk ghadana nirmmikkunnathinayi chikkagoyude saarvathrika nirmmaanam thiranjedutthu. 1897 januvari onninu nirmmaanam poortthiyaakkukayum athe divasam thanne randaamathe report commission samarppikkukayum cheythu. akkaalat urukkinte vila valare kuravaayirunnathinaal nirmmaanachelavu kanakkakkunnathinekkaal muppath sathamaanam kuravaayirunnuvennu gilbert abhiprayappettu.
1898 juulai juun govarnor alexander ramse tharakkallittu. basement level, onnaam nila puram mathilukal, pradhana akathala mathilukal ennivayellaam aaa varsham poortthiyaayi. ennirunnaalum, moonnaamathe kammeeshanarmaarude report, fandinulla mattoru abhyarthanayode avasaanikkunnu, nilavile krameekaranathode, oru kuravundaakumennum interior finishinginu panamillennum soochippikkunnu, sarkkaarine paarppikkan mathiyaya valippamulla baahya enclosurinu munganana nalkiyittundu, finishukal pinneedu cherkkum. thee aadyathe thalasthaanathe nasippichathinaal, vaidyutha lighting, theepiduttham thadayunna nirmmaanam, baahya kettidangalil surakshithamaayi sthithicheyyunna oru neeravi power plaant ennivayulppede theepidittha saadhyatha kuraykkunnathinu annathe nilavile saankethikavidyakal mechanical samvidaanangal prayojanappeduthendathinu.
bajatt prathisandhiyum interior finishukalile swaadheenavum.
1901 januvari 1 nuu kammeeshan puratthirakkiya naalaamathe reportil muun report soochippicha vishayamaaya interior finishukal kaikaaryam cheythu. cheythu maandyam avasaanichathode, 1896 muthal chelavukalil "sakthamaaya munnettam" report rekhappeduthunnu, yunaittad stetts treasury sekrattari kongrassinu nalkia reportinte udharani, niravadhi pothu kettidangal nadannukondirikkukayaanne "nirmmaana saamagrikaludeyum mattu chelavukaludeyum vilayilundaaya vardhanavu kaaranam amgeekritha chelavil poortthiyaakkaan kazhiyilla". eathaandu poortthiyaaya" kettidatthil 10 sathamaanam muthal yadhaartha esttimettinte eratti chelavukal kaviyunna chila kettidangal vare vardhicha nirmmaanachelavu ulla niravadhi nirmmaana padhathikalekkurichu reportil paraamarsikkunnu.
ivayum mattu vishadamaaya udaaharanangalum upayogichu, kettidatthinte enclosure poortthiyaakkunnathinum aaa aavasyathinu athyaavashyamallaatha ellah chelavukalum maattivaykkunnathinumalla avarude thanthrathe kammeeshan nyaayeekarichu. nilavile funting upayogichu avarkk nedaan kazhiyumennum kammeeshan kanakkakki
[pothu edangal ulppede] ellaayidathum kattiyulla maram kondulla nilakal... tinn allengil mattu vilakuranja avasana melkoora... westibuleukalil playin plaasttar finish cheyyuka... executive, administrative offeesukalil maathram fayar proof wolt vaathilukal... saadhyamaaya ettavum vilakuranja thara nirmmanavum paarteeshanukalum romangalum [theepidutthamillaathathu]... gallery, nirakal allengil kallu mukhangal koodaathe [playin] plaasttar finish illaathe rottanda shoonyamaayi avasheshikkunnu... [valia] staircase haal shoonyamaayi, plaasttar mathilukalode... senatt, house oof representatives, supreme kodathi murii ennivayil player cheytha mathilukal undaayirikkanam... basementil sthithi cheiyunna boyilarukalum ventilating plaantum, vaayusanchaarathinaayi roopakalppana cheytha flukaliloodeyum tubular boyilarukalude upayogathiloodeyum oru irumbu smokkstaakk pravartthikkunnu, ettavum puthiya mechappeduthalukalekkaal thaazhnna vaayusanjaara samvidaanamundu... [puram padikalkkulla granaittinekkaal] valare vilakuranja oru vasthu, athu anivaryamaayum kurachu varshangalkkullil maattendivarum.
kettidatthinte ulvasham vendathra anuyojyamaakkaan kammeeshan oru dasalaksham dollar adhikamaayi abhyarthichu. adhika panam upayogichu, thalasthaanam poortthiyaakkaanum 1903 oode kaivashappeduthaan thayyarakanum kazhiyum. kettidatthinte ulvasham poortthiyaakkaan commission adhika $1,500,000 abhyarthikkendathundu. niravadhi lelangal ithinakam kayyilundayirunnathil ithu maathrame aavashyamulloo ennu avarkk aathmavishwaasamundaayirunnu. 1903 epril 3 nuu niyamanirmmanasabha dhanasahayam amgeekarichu. kammeeshan thudarnnu punny vegathilaakkaan thudangi, "kettidam poortthiyaakunnathode njangalude advaanam kooduthal sankeernavum sramakaravumaanu".
nirmmaana prakriyayil vaikiyethiya niravadhi cheria karaarukal eee samayat amgeekarikkappettu
kettidatthinte pradhana kalaasrishtikalude karaarukal kalakaaranmaaraaya joonn laa farge, dii.sii. franch, edward simmons, iii. echu. blashfield, iii.iii. garnsey, eph.dii. millatt, dougless volkku, echu.oo. wacker keniyan cox "amerikkayile ettavum vishishtaraaya kalakaaranmaaril oralaayathinaal motham chelavu $233,500.00 aanu".
poorttheekaranam.
aaraamathe report purathirakkiyathode, 1905 januvari 1 muthal samsthaana thalasthaana kammeeshanarmaarude board, interior artum kizhakkum padinjaarum praveshana padikalum apoornnamaayi thudarukayum kwadriga ithuvare swarnnaniram nalkappedaathe thudarukayum cheythenkilum thalasthaanam kaivashappeduthaan thayyaaraanenn prakhyaapichu. 1907 januvari januvari kammeeshan puratthirakkiya anthima reportil, muun report samarppikkumbol poortthiyaakaathathellaam poortthiyaayathaayi kammeeshanarmaar abhiprayappettu.
kettidatthinte attakuttappanikalkkayi niyamanirmmanasabha prathivarsham 60,000 dollar anuvadikkukayum kammeeshan oru jeevanakkarum bajattum srishtikkukayum cheythu. aakasmika saahacharyangalkkayi 10,000 dollar adhikamaayi anuvadikkanamennum eee fandukalude upayogathekkurichu theerumaanangal edukkaan poornna adikaaramulla oru pakshapatharahitha samghadana roopeekarikkanamennum kammeeshan abhyarthichu.
dhanasahaya parimithikal kaaranam, kammeeshan poortthiyaakkaan pratheekshichirunna fixtureukal ozhivaakkendivannu, avayil inipparayunnava ulppedunnu
pothuparipaadikalum nirddeshangalum.
marble poortthiyaakkenda shilpi daniel chesttar franchinte aarr "gunangal" poornna valippathilulla plaasttar modalukalude pothu pradarshanavum capitol thaazhikakkudatthinte oru skeyil modalum oru pothu aoutteechu shramathinte bhaagamaayi srishtichu. thangalude thyaagangalude smaranaykkaayi smarakangal nirmmikkanamenn abhyarthichu sainika vettarans grouppukal kammeeshane sameepichu. yudhasmaarakangal nirmmikkunnathin thangalude pakkal fundillennu kammeeshan niyamanirmmaanasabhaye ariyichu, pakaram thalasthaanathekkurichulla pradhana sameepanam oru "smaaraka sameepanamaayi" maattanamenn nirddeshichu, athu avarude anusmaranathinulla aavasyakathakal niravettukayum palappozhum thoonukalude mukalil prathimakalude roopathil varunna "stereotype cheytha smaarakathil ninnu santhoshakaramaaya vyathichalanamayirikkum".
thozhilaallikal.
1896ll minnesota thalasthaanathu nirmmaanam aarambhichathinusesham, 1907ll noorukanakkinu thozhilaallikal stettu house poortthiyaakkaan sahayichu. capitol kammeeshanarmaarudeyum aarkkitekt kaas gilbertinteyum koottaalikaludeyum perukal oru venkala plettil idumbol, kettidatthinte karakaushalavidya cheythath erekkure marannupoya thozhilaallikalaanu. pradhaanamaayum kudiyettakkaaraaya eee thozhil shakti 21-aamm noottaandile nirmmaana thozhilaallikal saadhaaranayaayi parisheelikkaattha kazhivukalulla kaii upakaranangal upayogichu. 1902 januvariyil nadanna oru thozhil panimudakku thalasthaanathe pravartthanangal thadassappeduthi. union ithara kammaarante saannidhyathil prathishedhichu kallarakkachavadakkaar oraazhchayolam panimudakki. kararukarkku ellah lelangalum aavasyappedukayum pinneedu nirasikkukayum cheiyunnathu kurachu apekshakarkku nalkunna oru prashasthi srishtikkumennu kammeeshan paranju. ekkaaranathaal, mettal-furing, lathing, plaastaring, alankaara irumbu varkkukal ennivayulppede kanakkakkiyathinekkaal kurachu kooduthalulla niravadhi karaarukalil kammeeshan oppuvachu.
nirmmaanasamayathe vilavardhanaye abhoothapoorvamaaya vilavardhana ennu vilichirunnu. kammeeshanarmaar palappozhum thaarathamyappeduthaanaayi upayogikkunna ayovayile thalasthaanam irupathu varsham munbu poortthiyaayi, patthu manikkoor pravrithi divasathinu vidagdha thozhilaallikalkk sharashari vethanam 2.5 muthal 3 dollar vare aayirunnu. 1901ll ithe thozhilaalliyude ettu manikkoor divasathekkulla vila ippol 3.60 muthal 5 dolaraayirunnu. 1937 vare ettu manikkoor pravrithi divasam audyogikamaayi nadappakkiyittilla. akkaalathe minnesottayile union laberinte shakthiyude soochanayaayi ithu kaananakum.
karakaushalathozhilaalikalum mattu nirmmaana thozhilaallikalum.
1864ll sweedenil janicha nills nilson buttler-rayan kambaniyil jolie cheythirunnu. oru kallu mesha pole. avarude pradhana kallu mesanenna nilayil, nelson samghavum thalasthaana kettidatthile motham kallinte 75 sathamaanavum sthaapichu. kettidam poortthiyaakunnathode, pathra pioneer pras nelsonekkurichu oru lekhanam prasidheekarichu, athu addehathe "yadhaarthathil thalasthaanam nirmmicha manushyan" ennu vilichu. 1902 eprilil thaazhikakkudatthinte mukalil marble sthaapikkumbol nelson chila charalkkukalil thennimari. thaazhathe thaazhekku thenniveezhumbol, addeham dormarukalilonnil svayam pidikkukayum maranathilekku veezhunnathu cheruthaayi ozhivaakkukayum cheythu.
rafale gwastaavino III thalasthaanatthinte nilavarayulla melkkoorayil upayogikkunna theepiduttham thadayunna tailukal roopakalppana cheyyukayum tyle jolikalkku melnottam vahikkukayum cheythu. addehathinte kudumbatthinte gwastaavino tyle-aarch nirmmaana saankethikavidya speyinil vikasippikkukayum 1885 ll addehathinte pithavum vaasthushilpiyum nirmmaathaavumaaya raffel gwastaavino amerikkayilekku avatharippikkukayum cheythu; eee saankethikavidya thalasthaanathum ellis dveepile pradhana kettidatthile grettu haal, karnegi haal, grand central steshan, graantinte shavakudeeram thudangiya newyork nagaratthile sradheyamaaya kettidangal ulppede raajyathudaneelamulla kettidangalilum upayogichu.
oru kallukaaranum ishtikappakarthaavumaayirunu kaasiville bullard. ishtikayum kallum nirmikkunnathil praaveenyamulla oru thozhilaalliye kandethunnathu apoorvamaayathinaal addehathinte kazhivukalkkayi addeham thirayapettu. 1871ll tennessiyil janicha addeham munbu adimakalaakkappettavarude makanaayirunnu, ezhu kuttikalulla kudumbatthil moothayaalaayirunnu. kuttikkaalathu, ishtika, marble, graanait enniva idunnathil vaidagdhyamulla oru ammavan addehathe ishtikayidunnathum kallu nirmmikkunnathum padippichu. addeham sent. pathonpathaam noottaandinte avasaanathil thalasthaana kettidatthil pravartthikkaan pooll. bullard thante kaalathe oru aafrikkan amerikkakkaarane sambandhichidatholam asaadhaaranamaaya 'brickleyezhs local' (aii. dii. 1) amgamaayirunnu. bullardineppole, samsthaana thalasthaanathe jolikal aafrikkan american kalleriyunnavar, kallukattakkar, ishtikakkallu nirmmathaakkal, mattu vidagdha thozhilaallikal ennivare sent. pooll. irupatholam vidagdha kyaapittal karakaushala vidagdhar aafrikkan amerikkakkaaraayirunnu.
1859ll norwayil janicha vilyam knudsen 1882ll amerikkayilekku kudiyeri. knudsen oru marappanikkaaranaayi jolie cheythu; addehathinte toolbox upakaranangalum minnesota historikkal sosaittiyude shekharathilaanu. thalasthaanathu jolie cheyyumbol addeham buttler-rayan kambaniyude sub kontraaktaraayirunnuvennu karuthappedunnu., thalasthaanathe kararukar.
thalasthaanathu alankaara kallinte kothupanikal upa karar cheytha chikkago aasthaanamaayulla sthaapanamaaya purdy aandu hutchsoninte rund pankaalikaliloraalaayirunnu travelmen stoon cuttings union amgamaaya frederic purdy. 1855-ll englandil janicha purdy 1886-ll amerikkayilekku kudiyeri. daniel chesttar franch srishticha "sadgunangalude" maathrkakale adisthaanamaakki aarr shilpangal kothiyedukkaan addehathinte sthaapanathodu karar cheythu, avaa thalasthaanatthinte pradhana kavaadathinu mukalil sthaapichu. kallu murikkunna vilyam hutchson, albert corvin ennivar marble "gunangal" avatharippicha kallu murikkunnavaril ulppedunnu. innu nilavilulla prathimakal praadeshikamaayi kothivacha 1975-1979 ennathil nirmmicha prathiroopangalaanu.
1903-nte madhyathil nyoo yorker elmer garnsey library oof kongrasil undaayirunna athe sthaanamaaya kyaapittal inteeriyarinte cheef deckeratoraayi jolie cheyyaan minnesottayilekk pooyi. alankaarathinte director enna nilayil, kalaasrishtikal kondu alankaricha edangalude varnna skeemukal, designukal, roopakalpanakal enniva nirnnayikkuka ennathaayirunnu garsiyude punk. chithrakaaranmaarudeyum alankaarakkaarudeyum pravartthanangal garse ekopippikkukayum stairway haalukalkkum niyamanirmmaana arakalkkumayi paintingukal roopakalppana cheyyukayum cheythu. garsey mural painter sosaittiyil pettayalayirunnu.
thalasthaanathu jolie cheythirunna alankaarakkaarum chithrakaaranmaarum saadhaaranayaayi chithrakaaranmaar, alankaarakkaar, amerikkayile paperhankermaar, mural painter sosaitti thudangiya professional samghadanakalil pettavarayirikkum; eee samghadanakal karakaushala vidagthare bodhavalkkarikkunnathinum avare oru groupaayi onnippikkunnathinumalla shramangalaayirunnu.
kettidatthinte nirmmaanatthil valare kurachu sthreekal maathrame jolie cheythirunnulloo. us sensus rekhakalum peyrolile entrikalum kandethaan kazhiyunna kurachu vishadaamshangalil chilath vaagdaanam cheiyunnu. chila sthreekal kararukarkku jolie nalkukayum vasthrangal thunnununna thozhilaallikalaayi jolie cheyyukayum cheythu. kettidathinaayulla furnitureukal nirmmikkunna oru kambaniyude saha udamayaayirunnu newyorkkile oru sthree.
josephine, jenni shiran, saara, saddy konsttant ennee rund amayum makalum 1905-ll nirmmaanatthinte avasaanathode thalasthaanathu cleanermaaraayi jolie cheythu. saara thante bhaarya polynoppam misouriyile sent louisil ninnu thamasam maariyengilum vidhavayaayathinaal avalkk oru makan polum makal sady undaayirunnu. payrol rekhakal oru kleenaraayi sthiramaayi pattikappedutthunnu. sthreekal 9 allengil 10 manikkoor divasathil prathidinam 1.5 dollar sambaadikkunnu-oru divasam. 25 sent kuravu-kaavalkkaarano shucheekarana jolio cheiyunna purushanmaarekkaal. josephine shiran makal jenniyum aduthulla oru catholica bhavanathil "daridraraaya sthreekalkkum anaatharaaya penkuttikalkkum" thaamasichirunnu.
maranangalum parikkukalum.
surakshithamallaatha thozhil saahacharyangalude falamaayi minnesota samsthaana thalasthaanatthinte nirmmaanatthinide aarr thozhilaallikal marichu. marichu 2011lum nadanna thozhilaalli anusmarana dhina chadangukalil aarr thozhilaallikalkk amgeekaaram labhichu. pinneedu, thozhilaallikalude maranathekkurichu arinja sesham smaarakathin amgeekaaram nalkunnathinaayi oru billinaayi vijayakaramaayi lobby cheytha ovattoona, minnesota, middle school vidyaarthikalude oru koottam sramangal kaaranam 2017ll thalasthaanathu oru phalakam sthaapichu.
1898 meyy meyy 5nuu felix arther thaan jolie cheythirunna kallu minukkunna yanthrathinte flyveelil kudungukayum eathaandu pakuthiyaayi murichumaattappedukayum cheythu. pittennu raavile sent josafinte ashupathriyil vachu addeham marichu. thalasthaanathu jolie cheiyunnathinide marikkunna aadya thozhilaalliyaanu pooll.
matellaa samsthaana bhawana maranangalum veezhcha moolamaanu undaayath. 1898 octoberil, visconsin swadeshiyaaya 36 kaaranaya joonn bearsack oru uyarchayil ninnu veezhukayum athinte falamaayi marikkukayum cheythu. purushanmaar nilkkunna charakkukalum chaaruthakalum uyarthaan upayogikkunna kayarinu mukaliloode kadannupokunna oru vaagan oodichukayariyappol irupathu vayassulla sweedish kudiyettakkaaranaaya albert swaansan marikkukayum ithu swanson mattoru thozhilaalliyaaya frank thairy veezhunnathinu kaaranamavukayum cheythu. swaansan chaaruthayumayi koottiyidichu nilathu veezhunnathinu munbu marichu. oru manalkkinaril erangiya thairic kaalukal odinjuvenkilum annu ratri ashupathriyil ninnu veettilekku madangaan kazhinju.
mattoru sweedish kudiyettakkaaranaaya irupathu vayassulla stonmesan alfred maagnusan, capitol maasttar stonmesan nills nelsante anantharavanaayirunnu. 1900 juun juun maagnusan sent. naalu divasathinu sesham josephinte ashupatri. 1900 august august thalasthaanathu oru thozhilaalliyaayirunna jarmman kudiyettakkaaranaaya florian sounar veenu marichappol. thalasthaanathu jolie cheiyunnathinide avasaanamaayi maricha vyakthi pathinettukaranaaya joonn corrigan 1903 juun juun poortthiyaakaattha veedinte arayil kaalukal veenu marikkukayaayirunnu. joliyil randaazhchayil thaazhe kazhinjappol, idungiyathum surakshithamallathathumaya oru samghvaaykku kuruke kanatha looad cheytha wheelbero vahikkumbol corrigan thante balance nashtappettu.
1903 juun juun minnepolis jenalinte thalakkettil ingane ezhuthi "avaganana moolamulla maranangal". korigante maranathodulla pothujanangalude prathikaranam thozhil saahacharyangalil maattam varuthiyirikkam. 1917ll kallukattayakkaranaaya eric isaaksan thante puram thakarth chaaruthayil ninnu veenu. isaksaninu jolie cheyyaan kazhiyaathathinal addehathinte 15 vayassulla makal jolic school vittu; thalasthaana nirmmaana sthalathu apakada insurance undaayirunnilla. jolisthalathe parikkukaludeyum maranangaludeyum chelavukal thozhilaallikalum kudumbangalum vahikkumennu pratheekshichirunnu; apakadangalkkum avayude falangalkkum thozhiludamakalkkum sarkkarinum utharavaaditham kuravaayirunnu.

