
swatantra maadyamangal

sarkkaarinteyo korpparettu thaalpparyangaludeyo swaadheenathil ninnu mukthamaaya television, pathrangal allengil internettu adhishtitha prasidheekaranangal polulla eathoru maadhyamatheyum swatantra maadyamangal soochippikkunnu. eee padatthinu vyathyasthamaaya prayogangalundu. anthaaraashtra vikasanathil, puthiya maadhyamangalude vikasanathinu, prathyekichu nilavilulla maadyama saannidhyam kuravullatho illaathatho aaya mekhalakalil, swatantra maadyamangal enna padam upayogikkunnu. 
sarkkar utharavaaditham mechappeduthunnathilum azhimathi kuraykkunnathilum swatantra maadyamangal pradhana punk vahikkunnuvennu gaveshanangal kandethiyittundu.
badal maadyamangal.
vikasita rajyangalil, bisinus allengil sarkkar udamasthathayilulla bahujana maadhyamangalkk badalaaya maadyamangalaanu badal maadyamangal. mukhyadharaa maadyamangal pakshapaathaparamo adhikaarathilirikkudaranu thalpparyangal niravettunnatho aanennu badal maadhyamangalude vakthaakkal palappozhum vaadikkunnu. badal maadhyamangalude srothassukal pakshapaathaparamaakamenkilum (chilappol abhimaanathode), pakshapaatham mukhyadharaa maadyamangalil ninnu ganyamaayi vyathyasthamayirikkum, athinaal "badal"."athinaal, abhibhaashaka pathrapravarthanam pala badal autlettukaludeyum oru gadakamaanu. badal" enna padatthinu svayam-marginalisation enna ardhamullathinaal, chila maadyamangal ippol "badal" ennathinekkaal "swatantra" enna padamaanu eshtappedunnathu."
vikaswara rajyangalil.
pala vikaswara raajyangalilum, prathyekichu deseeya thalatthil, sarkkar niyantritha radio, television steshanukalum pathrangalum maathramaan labhyamaya eaka maadyamangal. sarkkar parasyamaayi niyanthrikkunnillengum, autlettukalkku sarkkaarumaayi sakthamaaya bandhamundakaam allengil swaadheenikkappedaam. atharam saahacharyangalil, yadhaarthathil swathanthramaaya aaa aoutlettukale sarkkar swaadheenikkunnavaye verthirichariyaan palappozhum budhimuttaanu. udaaharanathinu, oru pathram sambadvyavastha, aarogyam, mattu prasnangal ennivayekkurichu gunanilavaramullathum pakshapaatharahithavumaaya kavarej nalkiyekkaam, pakshe sarkkaarinekkurich report cheiyunnathu ozhivaakkuka. svayam sensorship, sophtt sensorship, mattu sookshumamaaya sarkkar swaadheenangal enniva eee prashnathe prathyekichum sankeernamaakkunnu.
svayam sensorship.
svayam sensorship ennathu mattullavarude vikaarangale bhayappedukayo bahumaanikkukayo cheyth oraalude swantham srishtiye sensor cheiyukayo tharamthirikkukayo cheiyunna pravarthanamaanu, angane cheyyaan oraale nerittu sammarddam cheluthunna oru adikaaravumilla. chalachithra nirmmathaakkal, chalachithra samvidaayakar, prasadhakar, warta avatharakar, pathrapravartthakar, sangeethanjjar, mattu tharatthilulla ezhuthukaar ennivar palappozhum svayam sensorship nadathunnu. svechaadhipathya rajyangalil, kalaasrishtikalude srashtaakkal avarude sarkkaarukalude anumathi bhayann avarude sarkkaarin vivaadamaayirikkaavunna vasthukkal neekkam cheythekkaam. bahuswarathayulla muthalaalitha rajyangalil, prathyekichu vipaniyude pratheekshakalkk anusrithamaayi svayam sensorship sambhavikkam. udaaharanathinu, oru aanukaalikathinte edittar avarude upajeevanamaargam samrakshikkunnathinaayi parasyadaathaakkaleyo prasidheekaranatthinte maathru kambaniyeyo prakopippikkunna vishayangal bodhapoorvamo abodhapoorvvam ozhivaakkiyekkaam.
sophtt sensorship.
oru sarkkaarineyo athinte nayangaleyo vimarsikkunnathaayi kanakkaakkappedunna maadyama kambanikalil saambathika sammarddam cheluthukayum sarkkarinodu souhaarddaparamaayi kaanapedunna maadhyamasthaapanangalkkum vyakthigatha pathrapravarthakarkkum prathiphalam nalkukayum cheythukondu warta kavarejine swaadheenikkunna reethiyaanu mriduvaaya allengil parokshamaaya sensorship. eee prashnam valiyathothil sradhikkappedaathe pookunnu, ennirunnaalum swathanthramaayi kanakkakkavunna maadhyamangalude reportingil naadakeeyamaaya swaadheenam cheluthum.
vikasanam.
media development vii. vikasanathinaayi maadyamangal.
chila vikasana samghadanakalum vidagtharum vikasanathinaayi maadyama vikasanavum maadyamangalum thammil verthirikkunnu. "mukalil soochippicha maargangaliloode oru samoohathil maadhyamangale nerittu mechappeduthaanulla shramangale "maadyama vikasanam" ennu soochippikkunnu. "vikasanathinulla maadyamangal" ennathu nirddishta vikasana prashnangalekkurichulla sandeshangal kaimaran nilavilulla maadhyamangale upayogikkunnathinulla kooduthal paroksha shramangale soochippikkunnu. atharam sramangalil vikasanathinayulla niravadhi aii. sii. tii (aii. sii. tii. 4dii) padhathikal ulppedunnu. vidyaabhyaasam, aarogya samrakshanam, bisinesses, duranthanivaaranam, azhimathi, nyoonapaksha shaaktheekaranam, praadeshika samoohathinte edapedal ennivayil vikasanathinaayi maadyamangal prayogichittundu.
maadyama vikasana samghadanakal.
maadhyamamekhalayude vikasanam pala vikasana samghadanakaludeyum oru pothupravartthanamaanenkilum, avarude praadhamika lakshyamaayi nerittulla maadyama vikasanathil earppedunna oru cheria samkhyayundu. yuu. eiii. yill.ezz.internues, internaashanal sentar phoor journalists (aii. sii. eph. jeey), internaashanal research & exchange board (aii. aarr. iii. ex) ennivayaanu moonnu pradhana maadyama vikasana nadappaakkal sthaapanangal. koodaathe, sentar phoor internaashanal media asisttans, athirthikalillaatha reportermaar, article 19, mattullava thudangiya samghadanakal lokamembaadumulla maadyama vikasana sramangalum maadyama swaathanthryavum nireekshikkunnu.

