
transuranium ghadakam

transuranium moolakangal (transuranic moolakangal ennum ariyappedunnu) 92-ll kooduthal aattomik nambarukalulla raasa moolakangalaan, ithu yureniyathinte aattomik nambaraanu. eee moolakangalellaam asthiravum radio active aayi mattu moolakangalaayi shayikkunnathumaanu. neptunium, plutonium (prakrithiyil kurachu alavil kaanappedunnava) enniva ozhike, ellaam bhoomiyil swaabhaavikamaayi kaanappedaathathum synthetic aanu.
avalokanam.
1 muthal 92 vareyulla aattomik nambarukalulla moolakangalil bhooribhaagavum sthirathayulla isodoppukalo (hydrajan polullava) allengil valare deerghakaalam nilanilkkunna radioisodoppukalo (euranium polullava) allengil yureniyathinteyum thoriyathinteyum (raadon polullava) kshayam moolamulla saadhaarana kshayam uthppannangalayi nilanilkkunna prakrithiyil kaanapedunnu. 43, 61, 85, 87 ennee moolakangalaan ozhivaakkalukal; naalum prakrithiyil sambhavikkunnu, ennaal euranium, thorium kshaya shringalakalude valare cheria shaakhakalil maathrame sambhavikkunnulloo, athinaal 87 enna gadakathe samrakshikkunnath prakrithiyekkaal laborattariyile samanvayathiloodeyaanu aadyamaayi kandethiyathu (koodaathe 87 enna moolakam polum prakrithiyil ninnu nerittu allathe athinte rakshakarthaavinte shudheekaricha saambilukalil ninnaan kandethiyathu).
uyarnna aattomik nambarukalulla ellah moolakangalum aadyam laboratariyil kandethi, neptunium, plutonium ennivayum pinneedu prakrithiyil kandethi. avayellaam radio activaanu, bhoomiyude praayathekkaal valare kuravaanu, athinaal eee moolakangalude eathoru aadima aattavum, avaa eppozhengilum bhoomiyude roopeekaranathil undaayirunnengil, valarekkaalamaayi kshayikkunnu. chila euranium sambushtamaaya paarakalil neptunium, plutonium ennivayude roopathinte alavu kandethukayum aanavaayudhangalude anthareeksha pareekshanangalil cheria alavil uthppaadippikkukayum cheiyunnu. euranium ayirile nyootron pidichedukkunnathil ninnu thudarnnulla beetaa shayangalil ninnaan eee rund moolakangalum uthpaadippikkappedunnath (udha.jii. 238u + n → 239u → 239np → 239pu).
plutoniyathekkaal bharamullah ellah moolakangalum poornnamaayum synthetic aanu; avaa nuclear reactorukalilo kanika acceleratorukalilo srishtikkappedunnu. eee moolakangalude ardhaayuss aattomik nambarukal vardhikkunnathinanusaricha kurayunna oru pothuvaaya pravanatha kaanikkunnu. ennirunnaalum, kyooriyathinteyum dabniyathinteyum niravadhi isotopukal ulppede apavaadangalundu. eee shreniyile chila bharameriya moolakangal, aattomik nambarukal <aii. dii. 1> nuu chuttumullava, eee pravanathaye thakarkkukayum sthirathayude saidhaanthika dweep ulkkollunna vardhicha aanava sthiratha prakadippikkukayum cheiyumennu karuthappedunnu.
kanatha transuranic moolakangal ulppaadippikkaan prayasakaravum chelaveriyathumaanu, avayude vila aattomik nambarinoppam athivegam vardhikkunnu. 2008 leeii kanakkanusarichu, aayudha grade plutoniyatthinte vila ekadesham 4,000 dollar kaaliforniyayude vila $60,000,000 grams kavinju. macroscopic alavil uthppaadippikkappedunna ettavum bharameriya moolakamaan ainsteeniyam.
ithuvare kandethappedaathatho kandethappedukayo cheythittum audyogikamaayi peridappedaatthatho aaya transuranic moolakangal aipaakkinte chittayaya moolakangalude perukal upayogikkunnu. transuranic moolakangalude naamakaranangal vivaadathinte uravidamaayirikkaam.
transuranium moolakangalude kandethalum naamakaranavum.
ithuvare, adisthaanaparamaayi ellah transuranium moolakangalum naalu laborattarikalilaanu kandethiyatha amerikkayile laurence berkley naashanal laborattari (gadakangal 93-101,106, koodaathe 103-105-nuu joyint credit), russiayile nuclear researchinulla joyint instittyoott (gadakangal 102,114-118, koodaathe 103-105-nuu joyint credit), germmaniyile hevi ayoon gaveshanathinulla jii. sii. helmetts sentar (gadakangal 107-112), jappaanile rikkan (ghadakam 113).
superheavy gadakangal.
superhavy moolakangal (superhavy attangal ennum ariyappedunnu, saadhaaranayaayi avaye churukkipparayunnu) saadhaaranayaayi ratherfordiathil (aattomik nambar 104) aarambikkunna transactinide moolakangale soochippikkunnu. avaa krithrimamaayi maathrame nirmmichittulloo, nilavil praayogikamaaya oru uddeshyavum niravettunnilla, kaaranam avayude hrasvamaaya ardhaayuss valare kuranja samayathinu sesham avaye kshayikkunnu, kurachu minitt muthal kurachu millisecondukal vare (oru divasathiladhikam ardhaayuss ulla dabnium ozhike), ithu avare padikkaan valare budhimuttaakkunnu.
irupathaam noottaandinte avasana pakuthi muthal superhavy aattangalellam srishtikkappettittundu, saankethikavidyayude purogathi anusarichu 21-aamm noottaandil avaa nirantharam srishtikkappedunnu. oru kanika aaksilarettarile moolakangalude bombaakramanathiloodeyaanu avaa srishtikkappedunnathu. udaaharanathinu, kaaliforniyathinteyum carbons nuclear fusion ratherfordium-261 srishtikkunnu. eee moolakangal aattomik skailil alavil srishtikkappedunnu, pindam srishtikkunnathinulla oru reethiyum kandethiyitla.
aaplikkeshanukal.
transuranium moolakangal mattu superhavy moolakangale samanvayippikkaan upayogikkaam. sthirathayulla dveepinte gadakangalkku othukkamulla aanavaayudhangalude vikasanam ulppede pradhanappetta sainika prayogangalundu. dainamdina prayogangal vipulamaanu; smoke dittaktarukal, spectrometerukal thudangiya upakaranagalil americium enna moolakam upayogikkunnu.