
marnham, nottinghamshire

englandile nottinghamshire kaundiyile baasetlo jillayile oru sivil edavakayaanu marnham. loow marnham gramavum hye marnham, skegby graamangalum edavakayil ulppedunnu. 2011ll edavakayil 117 janasamkhyayundaayirunnu. edavaka kaundiyude vadakkukizhakkaayum jillaykkullil thekk kizhakkaayum sthithicheyyunnu. landanil ninnu 122 mile vadakkum, nottingham nagaratthil ninnu 23 mile vadakkukizhakkum, maarkkat tounaaya mansfieldil ninnu 17 mile vadakkukizhakkumaayaanu ithu sthithicheyyunnathu. edavaka fleenbero, trentile normantan, southu klifttan, tuxford, vesttan ennivaye sparsikkunnu. marnham trentil normantanumaayi oru edavaka kaunsil pankidunnu. marnhamil 7 pattikappedutthiya kettidangalundu.
toponymi.
eee udamayekkurichu valare kurachu arivu maathrameyulloovenkilum 'marnham' enna perinte ardham 'marnnayude veedu/graamam' ennaanu.
bhoomishaasthram.
sthalam.
thaazhepparayunna praadeshika pradeshangalaal ithu chuttappettirikkunnu
edavakaykku ekadesham 4 mile veethiyum 2 mylumaanu veethiyullathu.
vaasasthalangal.
edavakayil inipparayunnava ulppedunnu
loow marnham.
edavakayude thekkukizhakkan moolayil ramptonil ninnu vadakkott thekkott ozhukunna sattan-oonn-trantilekkulla oru pradhana roadle ninnu ozhukunna oru paathayiloode ithu sthithicheyyunnu. ippol nishkriyamaaya edavaka pally school/villej haalum kaaranam loow marnham parambaraagathamaayi munkaalangalil uyarnna profile undaayirunnu. valare kurachu pothu soukaryangal maathrame nilavilulloo.
uyarnna marnham.
ithu ekadesham thulya valuppamullathum, paathayiloode thaazhnna marnhamilekku neengunnathumaaya oru paathayaan. sattan-raamptan roadylake madangunnathinu munbu eee paatha nadeepaathaykku sameepamaan. loow marnhaminu vadakkaayi sthithi cheiyunna ithu greenfield land kondu verthirikkappettirikku. hye marnham nilavil oru pothu bhavanam, caravan saitt, paarkk homukal thudangiya kooduthal soukaryangal paripaalikkunnu, ennaal nadeetheerathulla thekk klifttanilekkulla muun ferriyude saannidhyathode, prathyekichu graamathinu sameepam uyarnna marnham power steshan sthaapichathode ithu shradheyamaayi.
skegby.
edavakayude madhyabhaagathu thekk bhagathaayi sthithi cheiyunna oru cheria kugramamanith. marnham graamangalude padinjaaru bhaagathulla ithu moonnu pradeshangalile ettavum cheria vaasasthalamaanu. marnham gramangalil ninnu edavakayil ninnu purathupokaathe poolii tailor rooad vazhiyaan ivideyethunnathu. chuttumulla pradeshathu niravadhi krishiyidangalulla valare kurachu veedukal maathrame ithu paripaalikkunnulloo. eee pradeshathe oru sradheyamaaya thaamasasthalam pattikappedutthiya kettidamaaya skegby maanaraan.
bhooprakrithi.
pradhaanamaayum, edavaka nivaasikalil palarum moonnu graamangalkk chuttum koottamaayi kidakkunnu. ithinu purathu krishiyidangal, phaam houseukal, sahaaya kettidangal, kottejukal ennivayude oru cheria chitharal vishalamaaya pradhaanamaayum krishibhoomiyude krameekaranatthil undu. padinjaarum vadakkum thurassaaya vayalukalum kizhakk nadiyude theerathu nadee vellapokka pradeshangalum (ferry holme, marnham holme, marnham pulmedukal) undu.
jalathinte savisheshathakal.
nadeekkuzhiyaanu edavakayude kizhakkan athirthi roopappeduthunnathu, uyarnna marnham ulnaadan pradeshathaanu, thaazhnna marnham kooduthal akaleyaan.
pathonpathaam noottaand vare idaykkide eee trant athinte gathi maattukayum avayilonnine ooldu trant ennu vilikkukayum cheythu, ithu nadiye graamangalumaayi valare aduthukonduvannu. pazhaya trant ippol oru cheria aruviyaayi thudarunnu.
marnham graamangalkkidayilulla perillaattha roadle oru caravan saittil oru malsyabandhana thadaakamund.
bhoomiyude uyaram.
trentinte theerathu ekadesham valare thaazhnna nilayilaanu. marnham gramangal ulnaadan graamangalekkaal alpam uyarathilaanu, kuranja marnham kuranjathum uyarnna marnham kuranjathumaanu. poolii tailor roadinte aazham kuranja oru malancherivu praadeshikamaayi poolii tailor hill ennaanu ariyappedunnathu. kooduthal ulnaadan pradeshamaaya skegbyil athu uyarunnu. edavakayude padinjaaran attathulla ruddingwood faamilaanu ithu ettavum uyarnnathu.
bharanavum janasamkhyaashaasthravum.
loow marnham, hye marnham, skegby ennivayaanu moonnu vaasasthalangal.
bharanaparamaya swathuathinaayi iva marnham edavakayaayi samyojippichirikkunnu.
117 nivaasikalulla eee edavaka janasamkhyayaanu report cheiyunnathu.
pothubharanatthinte aadya thalatthil normantan-oonn-trent parish kaunsilumaayi chernnu marnham aanu ithu kaikaaryam cheiyunnathu.
jilla thalatthil, vishalamaaya pradesham baasetlo jilla kaunsilaanu niyanthrikkunnath.
nottinghamshire kaundi kaunsil praadeshikamaayi uyarnna thalatthilulla thanthraparamaaya sevanangal nalkunnu.
charithram.
madhyakala charithram.
thaazhikakkudatthinte samayat (1086) rogger dii busli marnham mainerinteyum athinappuratheyum pradhana bhoovudamayaayirunnu. ithil ninnu vilyam dii kevels eee maanarukalude adhipanaayi maarukayum ithil ninnu avar chaavarthukalilekku kadannupokukayum cheythu. sarr jorjju chaavartthinte makalum anantharaavakaashiyumaaya elisabath, sarr vilyam tapelumaayi vivaahathiloode eee kaivashamulla saadhanangal kondupoyi. 1853 aayappozhekkum marnham menarinte pradhana udamayum prabhuvumaayirunnu erl braunloo.
charchu oof englandu protestants.
pathinezhaam noottaandinte thudakkathil nadanna protestant prasthaanavumaayum babworth muthal scruby, austerfield vareyulla puritainisatthinte vikasanam nireekshikkunna 'mayflower trial' yumayum loow marnhaminu sradheyamaaya bandhamund. mayflower' paatha prathyekichum ivide ninnaan aarambhikkunnath, kaaranam scruby vighadanavaadikalude athmeeya nethaavaaya richard klifttan 1586 ll hrasvamaayi vikaari enna nilayil thante aadya padaviyil thudangi, kurachu maasangalkk sesham baabvarthil sthaanam etteduthu. aadyathe snaapanakkaaranaaya joonn smith oru kalaapathil earppedukayum 1604ll purittanmaaril ninnu chaappalinte niyanthranam nedaan sahayikkukayum cheythu.
marnham haal.
marnham haalil oru valia maanar house ulppedunnu, grade II listt cheythirikkunnu, valia maithaanathinullil sajjeekarichirikkunnu, uyarnna marnhamile nadeethadatthinu sameepam sthithicheyyunnu. haalinte ettavum pazhakkam chenna bhagam pathinaram noottaandilethaanu, pathinettaam noottaandinte thudakkathil punarnirmmanavum punarnirmmanavum nadannu. thomas kranarumaayulla kudumbabandhatthiloode 'nallath' cheytha cartrite kudumbatthinte veedaayirunnu athu. 250 varshatholam avar ividuthe prabala kudumbamaayirunnu, avarude smarakangal thaazhnna marnham palliyile vanyajeevi sankethathinte tharayil paravatani cheiyunnu.
1700kalude madhyathil janicha 'suvarnna thalamura' kku avar ettavum prashastharaan, avide moonnu sahodaranmaar valare sradheyaraayi. labrador' paryavekshakanaaya jorjju cartrite oru cheria koottam inyoottukale marnhamil thamasikkaan konduvannuvenkilum taamasiyaathe bhooribhaagavum vasuri baadhichu marichu. adhehavum sahodaran joonn cartrite allengil 'jacq' jorjinoppam newfoundlaandil paryavekshanam cheyyukayum avarude perilulla oru pattanavum (cartrite) oru smaarakavum undu. jorjinu panam theernnathinaal ilaya sahodaran joonn haal panayam vachathil ninnu thirike vaangendivannu. 1784ll power luum kandupidicha purohithanaaya thante sahodaran edmundine sahayikkaan addeham shramichu, ennaal pinneedu oru thunithara bisinesses nadatthaan sramikkunnathil budhimuttukal nerittu. retfordil avar sthaapicha 'viplava millu' vijayichilla. pathinettaam noottaandinte avasaanam vare edmund loow marnhamilaanu thaamasichirunnathu, pinneedu oosingtan haal nirmmichu.
kuttikalude ezhuthukaariyaaya elisabath pentosinte pithaav koodiyaayirunnu edmund. kambili-comping mesheen polulla mattu kandupiduthangal addeham srishtichu, koodaathe 1770 kalil marnhaaminte vikaari koodiyaayirunnu. jacq marnham brounlosinu vilkkukayum linkanshayarilekku maarukayum cheythu, athinusesham haalinte oru bhagam polichuneekkukayum 1789-1793 nuu chuttum punarnirmmikkukayum cheythu. brounlose seett linkanshayarile belton housaayirunnu, athinaal marnham vaadaka karshakarkk anuvadichu. 1920 muthal marnham pradeshatthinte chila bhagangal vilkkappettirunnuvel 1921ll moonnaam earl marikkunnathuvare eee estettu braunloo/kasttam kudumbatthil thudarnnu.
pinneedulla charithram.
1823ll loow marnhamile palliyude ethirvashathu oru school house nirmmicha erl braunloo pinneedu oru villej haalayi maarunnathin munbu ithu oru palliyayi upayogichirunnu.
285 ekkar visthruthiyulla oru krishiyidamaayirunnu skeggy maanar. 1800kalude madhyathil chaals francis wade aayirunnu ithu svanthamaakkiyathu. avarude makan richard wade varshangalolam maarkkat deeping aasthaanamaayulla sharp & wade solisittar sthaapanathil pankaliyaayi, wade kudumbatthile niravadhi thalamurakal nadathunnu. 1927ll addeham skegbyile kottaaratthinte adhipan kudiyaan karshakarkk vittukoduthirunna kottaaratthinte adhipanumaayirunnu.
1835-ll "vaitts directory" skegbyil 3 phaam houseukalum moonnu kottejukalum report cheythu.
1866 vare marnham edavakaykkullile oru tounshippaayirunnu grasthorp.
pathonpathaam noottaandinte avasaanathode marnham graamangalkk badal perukal undaayirunnu-ferry allengil upper (hye) marnham, palli allengil lover (loow) marnham 
marnhamin southu klifttaninum idayil noottaandukalaayi nadannirunna ferry sarvees irupathaam noottaandinte arambham vare upayogathilundaayirunnu.
1885 march 25nuu marnham edavakayude oru bhagam southu cliftanilekku maattukayum 1935 epril 1nuu 137 ekkar trantile normantanil ninnu marnhamilekku maattukayum cheythu, 1931ll kaimaattam cheyyappetta pradeshathu 2 janasamkhyayundaayirunnu.
hye marnham power steshan.
eee muun power steshan uyarnna marnhaminu vadakkaayi sthithicheyyunnu. 1958ll kammeeshan cheytha eee plaant 1962 octoberil audyogikamaayi thurakkukayum 45 varshathe pravarthanatthinu sesham 2003ll adachupoottukayum cheythu. oru electrical substation saittil pravartthikkunnu.
sambadghadana.
praadhamikamaayi, edavakaykkullile praadeshika bhoomiyude pradhana upayogam krishiyaanu.
loow marnhaminu thekk sthithi cheiyunna mrugangalude theettayum valavum nirmmikkunna oru kendramaanu jeey. jii. piyar.
pradhaanamaayum uyarnna marnhaminu chuttum sthithi cheiyunna moonnu caravan, paarkk hoome sittukal undu.
samoohavum vinodavum.
oru villej haal/palli murii thaazhnna marnhamilaanu.
uyarnna marnhamil "braunloo arms" enna oru pothubhavanamund.
uyarnna marnhamle parisaratthum caravan paarkkukalum paarkk homukalum sthithicheyyunnu.
deseeya saikkil root 647 edavakayude vadakku bhagathaanu kadannupokunnathu.
nadiyil ninnu uyarnna marnhamil oru boat club nadathunnu.
adayaalangal.
pattikappedutthiya kettidangal.
thaazhepparayunnava ulppede 7 kettidangal pattikappeduthiyittundu
gathagatham.
lancashire, derr, eest koost railway, pinneedu lenner railway line enniva edavakayude hridayabhaagathukoodi kadannupoyi, vadakku athirthiyile fleebero roadle fleebero steshanil ninnu purathukadannu. 1897ll fleebero thurakkukayum 1955ll adachupoottukayum cheythu. 1980ll trant/fleebero vayadaktinu mukalilulla paatha paalam thettiyathine thudarnnu sthiramaayi adachupoottunnathuvare eee paatha gathaagathathinaayi thudarnnu. 2003ll uyarnna marnham power steshan nirthalaakkunnathuvare kalkari gathagatham marnhamilekku thudarnnu.
power steshanu padinjaaru line 2009 ll hye marnham testt trackayi veendum thurannu.
deseeya saikkil root 647 aayi flebero vayadakttiloode kadannupokunna railway steshan lokkeshante kizhakkulla track marnham edavakayil cherunnu.
mathaparamaya sthalangal.
loow marnhamile sent wilfried palli pathimoonnaam noottaandil nirmmichathaanu, 1986 ll oru aaraadhanaalayamaayi adachupootti. pallikkullil onnaam lokamahaayudha smaarakavum alankaara praveshana kavaadavumund.

