
thante youvanathile bhaarya

"american ezhuthukaaranaaya chaals dablyu. vii. ezhuthiya oru cherukathayaanu "dhaa wife oof hiss yoothu". 1898 joolaiyil aadyamaayi prasidheekaricha chesnut pinneedu "addehathinte youvanathinte bharya varnnarekhayude mattu kathakalum" enna samaahaarathinte sheershaka kathayaayi pravarthichu. aaa pusthakam aadyamaayi prasidheekarichathu 1899-laanu, athe varsham thanne chesnut thante cherukathaa samahaaramaaya "dhii konjur vuman" prasidheekarichu.
"addehathinte youvanathinte bhaarya" enna chithratthil oru madhya padinjaaran nagaratthile blue weins sosaittiyile bahumanyanaaya amgamaaya oru mukalilekku chalikkunna, ilam charmmamulla mulaatto manushyan avatharippikkunnu. 25 varshamaayi thaan kandittillaatha bharthaavine thedi valare irunda oru sthree avante aduthu varumbol avan ilam charmmamulla mattoru mulaatto sthriye vivaham kazhikkaan thayyaaredukkunnu. prasidheekaranathil anukoolamaayi kanda katha chesnattinte ettavum anthologise cheytha kruthiyaayi maari.
karuppum veluppum thammilullathalla, marichu karutha samoohathinullile vamseeya bandhangalude vishakalanamayi eee katha vaayikkappettittund, athinte swantham niravum vargga munvidhikalum paryavekshanam cheiyunnu. pradhana kathaapaathram vellakkaaranaakanamenn swapnam kaanunnundengilum aathyanthikamayi karuthavanayirikkunnathum amerikkayile aafrikkan amerikkakkaarude muzhuvan charithravum amgeekarikkunnathaayi thonnunnu. ennirunnaalum, kathayude avasaanam avyakthamennu vilikkappedukayum niravadhi chodyangalkku utharam labhikkathirikkukayum cheiyunnu.
plott.
"addehathinte youvanathinte bhaarya" shree. aabhyantharayudhathinu munbu swathanthramaayi janikkukayum valarthukayum cheytha oru byrasial manushyanaan rider. oru vadakkan pattanatthile niramulla aalukalkkayulla oru saamoohika samghadanayaaya "blue weins sosaitti" yude thalavanaan addeham; europian vamshajaraaya uyarnna anupaathathilulla, karuthavarekkaal veluthathayi kaanapedunna aalukal ulppedunnathaanu amgathvam. oraalkk (amgamaakaan) charmmatthiloode sirakal kaanaan kazhiyunnathra veluthathayirikkanam enna thamashayil ninnaan samghadanayude peru uruthirinjathu.
nagaratthile sthreekal raidarine anweshikkunnundengum washington dii. siyil ninnulla mollie dixon enna valare neriya mixed rays sthreeyumaayi pranayathilaakaan thudangunnu. thaan oru prasangam nadathunna adutha neela sira panthil avalodu vivaahaabhyarthana nadatthaan addeham padhathiyidunnu. samsaarathin munbu, prayamaaya, saadhaaranakkaariyaaya karutha vargakkaariyaaya oru sthriye addeham kandumuttunnu. avalude peru lisa jaine, 25 varshamaayi thaan kandittillaatha bharthaav saam tailorine aval thirayunnu. thaan adimayaayirikke aabhyantharayudhathinu munbu saamumaayi thaan vivaahithayaayirunnuvennum avan avalude yajamanante kudumbatthil oru vaadaka apprentis aayirunnuvennum avar parayunnu. tailor swathanthranaaya karuthavanaayirunnittum kudumbam avane adimathathilekku wilkan shramichu. rakshappedaan aval saamine sahayichu, avan avale thirike konduvannu mochippikkumennu vaagdaanam cheythu, pakshe avale mattoru yajamananu vittu. tailor marichirikkaam, avale marikadannirikkaam, allengil punarvivaham cheythirikkaam ennu rider parayunnu. ennirunnaalum, thante bharthaav vishwasthanaayi thudarunnuvennum nokkunnathu nirthaan visammathikkunnuvennum avar parayunnu. yudhathinushesham adima vivaahangalkk vilayillennu rider avale upadeshikkunnu; vivahangal audyogikamaayi niyamavidheyamaakkanam. aval avane saaminteyum purathekkumulla oru pazhaya chithram kaanikkunnu.
rider amgangale abhisambodhana cheyyukayum lisa jaininte katha avarodu parayukayum cheiyunnu. samaapanathil, aaa purushan thante bharya amgeekarikkanamennu avar karuthunnundo illayo ennu addeham pankedukkunnavarodu chodikkunnu. ellaavarum athe ennu abhyarthikkunnu. avan lisa purathedutthu parayunnu, "mahathikale maanyare, ithaanu sthree, njaan aaa purushanaan, aarude kathayaanu njaan ningalodu paranjittullathu. ente youvanathile bharya ningalkk parichayappedutthaan njaan anuvadikkuka."
prasidheekaranavum prathikaranavum.
"dhii wife oof hij yoothu" aadyamaayi prasidheekarichathu 1898 juulai maasatthile "dhii atlaantik maasika" yilaanu, rachayithaavinte swantham vamseeya pashchaathalatthe paraamarshikkaathe (addeham bhooripaksham vella vamshajaraaya aafrikkan amerikkakkaaranaayirunnu). avalokanangal anukoolamaayirunnu. 
suhruthukkalil ninnulla niravadhi abhinandanangalum vividha pathra avalokanangalum chesnut vaayichathinusesham, edittar walter heins pejinu addeham ezhuthi, "ellaam mothatthil eduthaal, oru vijayakaramaya ezhuthukaaran ennathinte ardhathekkurichu enikku oru cheria kazhcha labhichu, njaan sangalppikkunnu."
pinneedu swaadheenamulla niroopakanaaya vilyam deane howells nadatthiya avalokanam chesnattine prathyekam prashamsichu. thante youvanathinte bhaarya" enna chithratthile pradhana kathaapaathram thaan aafrikkan amerikkakkaaranaayathinaal thadassamillaathe kristhuvineppolulla oru thyagam arppichathil howells mathippulavaakki. irupathaam noottaandil, "addehathinte youvanathinte bhaarya" chesnattinte ettavum samahaaramaaya cherukathayaayi maari.
thomas bailey aaldrichinte editting samayat 1887 august lakkathil atlaantik enna pusthakatthil chesnut "dhaa goofard grapewin" prasidheekarichirunnu. deseeya thalatthil vitharanam cheyyappetta addehathinte aadya kathayaayirunnu athu. masikayumaayulla 20 varshathe bandhatthinte thudakkamaayi addeham aldrichinu keezhil mattu rund prasidheekarichu. 1891-ll chesnut aaldrichinte pingamiyaaya hooras skaddarumaayi bandhappedukayum thante kadhakalude oru pusthakam prasidheekarikkukayum thante aafrikkan-american paithrikam velippeduthukayum cheythu. akkaalat oru pusthakam pareekshikkunathinethire scudder upadeshikkukayum vishalamaaya prashasthi nedunnathuvare chesnut kaathirikkaan nirddeshikkukayum cheythu. ezhu varshathinu sesham, "atlaantik" edittar enna nilayil thante punk ettedutha chesnattine scudder peju vare pinthunachu.
skaddarinteyum pejinteyum pinthunayode, hauttan mifflin 1899-ll "dhii wife oof hiss yoothu aandu adhar storees oof dhaa kalar line" prasidheekarichu, athil "dhii passing oof graandisan" ulppedunnu, ithu adima vivaranangale maattimarichu. aaa varsham, addeham thante bhasha allengil praadeshika varnna kadhakalude samahaaramaaya "dhii konchur vuman" prasidheekarichu. adutha varsham, chesnattinte aadya noval "devadaarukku pinnilulla veedu" athe kambaniyaanu prasidheekarichathu. chesnut thante edittar haari dii. yeei upadeshichu. thante youvanathinte bharya varnnarekhayude mattu kathakalum" ennathumaayi bandhapetta thante uddeshyangalekkurichu robins parayunnu 
"vamshaprashnam enna nirbhagyakaramaaya vashathullavarkk valare parichithamaaya chila vashangalilekku shradha thirikkunnathil athu swaadheenam cheluthiyekkaamenna vyakthamaaya pratheekshayodeyaan pusthakam ezhuthiyathu; ningalude abhipraayathil pusthakam athu nilanirthaan paryaapthamaanenkil athinekkurichulla aaa kaazhchappaad oonnipparayunnathil njaan santhushtanaanu; oru prabhashanam ennu label cheytha oru prabhashanam kelkkaan nallathayirikkanam".
varshangalkkusesham, chesnattumaayi bandhapetta kaal vaan vechtan, thante novalaaya "nigger heven" (1926) ll "thante youvanathinte bhaarya" ennathum athinodu anubandhicha kathakalum ulppeduthiyirunnu. thaan orikkalum chesnattineppole ezhuthillennu niraashayode kathaapaathram manassilakkunnu. pusthakatthil ninnu
vishakalanam.
thante youvanathinte bhaarya" enna pusthakatthil, vellakkarum mulaattokalum thammilulla bandham chaals chesnut paryavekshanam cheiyunnilla; pakaram, vadakkum thekkum ninnulla mishravarggakkaarkkidayile vamseeya bodhavumaayi bandhappettathaan katha. pandithanaaya vilyam ell. eee kathayum "thathwaparamaaya oru kaaryam" ulppede ithupolulla mattullavayum abhoothapoorvamaanennu andruz abhipraayappedunnu. chesnut "american fiction oof maanezhsil aise thakarthu."mattu neela sirakaleppole, rider veluthatheyum vellayakaanulla swapnangaleyum aadarshamaakki, allengil chesnut ezhuthunnathu pole," [avan] velutha vamshathaal agiranam cheyyappedunnu."bhaarya aadyamaayi kathayil prathyakshappettappol tennison prabhuvaya alfred ezhuthiya" "sundarikalaaya sthreekalude swapnam" "enna vaayanayaan ithine pratheekappeduthunnathu".
pooll laurence danbaar vellakkaarkk karuthavarude gaanaparamaya vasham kaanichuthannathupole, vilyam deane hovelsineppolulla vella vaayanakkar ithine mixed rays amerikkakkaarude yaadhaarthyabodhamulla thithreekaranamaayi kanakkakki, chesnut oru "insider" aayi velippeduthi. howells ezhuthi
aathyanthikamayi, chesnut rund "raceukal" enna ashayathe velluvilikkunnu. punarnirmmanaanthara kaalaghattatthil swathanthrarum swathanthrarum, mishra vamshakkaarum karuthavarum thammilulla maarikkondirikkunna bandhatthinte oru upamayayi eee katha varthikkunnu. atharam vyathyaasangal kathaapaathrangal upayogikkunna bhashayil prakadippikkunnu, ithu vyathyastha vidyaabhyaasavum vargga thalangalum prathifalippikkunnu. rider "velutha" engleeshinte uyarnna vaachaadopathil samsarikkaan shramikkumbol (addeham vaayikkunna tennison anukarikkunnu) 'lisa' kattiyulla karutha bhaashayaan upayogikkunnathu. rider thante tennison pusthakatthinte flyleefil 'lisayude vilasam' ezhuthukayum avalude katha vivarikkumbol swantham 'mriduvaaya bhasha' yilek maarukayum cheythathaanu aaa vyathyaasathin kooduthal oonnal nalkunnathu. adimathasamayathe vivaahathinte niyamasaadhuthaye chodyam cheiyunna katha aan ducil nirddeshikkunnu. pazhaya thottangalude bhoothakaalam" allengil ducil ezhuthunnathu pole "dhaarmika baadyathaykkum pranaya aagrahathinum idayil" sweekarikkaano nishedhikkaano thiranjedukkunnathinekku rider/taylorude theerumaanam.
oru saamoohika aakshepahaasyamaayaanu synthia vaachtel eee kathaye kanakkaakkunnath. charmmatthinte niratthe adisthaanamaakkiyulla classile chithreekaranangalekkurichu aashankaakulanaaya rider aadambaravum uyarnna nilavaaramullavanumaan, koodaathe yudhathinu munbu thanne vidyaabhyaasam nediyirunna bharam kuranja charmmamulla aalukalude purogathi prothsaahippikkunnu. thante bhaarya karutha charmmamullathum shudheekarikkappedaathumathu paachakakkaariyaanennu velippettirikkunnath thantethaanu. rider yadhaarthathil saam tayloraano ennathinekkurichulla avyakthatha deane mcvilliums rekhappeduthunnu. theerchayaayum, kathayude thudakkathil raidarinte droying room chithram lisa vivaricha thottathozhilaali pole thonnunnilla ennu mcvilliums ezhuthunnu.
addeham taileranengilum, rider "sariyaaya" theerumaanamaanu eduthathennu vaayanakkaaran urappaano ennu tess chakkalal chodikkunnu. bhaaviyilekku neengunnathinaayi bhoothakaalavum vamseeya nirvachanangalum upekshikkaanulla addehathinte shramathil aswasthathayundaakkunna oru pirimurukkamund. parambaraagathamaayi eee katha santhoshakaramaaya avasaanamaayi vaayichittundenkilum, 'lisaykk thanne maranna bharthaavinodulla prathikaranam kaanikkunna avasana varikalonnumillennu vaachtel oonnipparayunnu. henry bii. lisa bharyayenna nilayil mathramalla, "ente youvanathinte bhaarya" enna nilayilum rider paraamarsikkunnathinulla praadhaanyam vonhaam rekhappeduthunnu, avane amgeekarikkumbol thanne avalil ninnu verpirinjathupole.

