
sahishnuthayude pettant

1781 october 13 nuu habsburg chakravarthiyaaya joseph randaaman purappeduvicha sahishnuthayude oru shaasanamaan sahishnuthayude pettant (). josephist parishkaarangalude bhaagamaayi, pettant lutheran, kaalvinist, kizhakkan yaadhaasthithikar ennivarulppede habsburg raajavaazhchayude kireedadeshangalil thamasikkunna katholikkarallatha kristhyaanikalkk mathaswaathanthryam nalki. prathyekichum, nyoonapaksha vishwaasangalile eee amgangalkku ippol rahasya pallikalil "swakaarya mathaparipaadikal" nadatthaan niyamaparamaayi anuvaadamundaayirunnu.
ethir-parishkaranatthinu sesham aadyamaayi, ivaanchalikkal lutheran austriyayile parishkaricha sabayum mathapariseelanam urappaakkunna pettant. ennirunnaalum, aaradhana valareyadhikam niyantrikkappettu, vivaha chadangukal catholica sabhaykkaayi neekkivachu, sahodaranmaarude aikyam appozhum adichamarthappettu. 100 varsham munbu amgeekaricha articular pallikalkk samaanamaayi, oru tharatthilum palli kettidangalumayi saamyamillaatha 'praarthanaabhavanangal' ('bethousar') nirmmikkaan maathrame protestantukale anuvadichirunnulloo. pala habsburg pradeshangalilum, prathyekichu upper austriya, stairiya, karinthiya ennividangalile 'paarambarya pradeshangalil', protestant edavakakal vegathil vikasichu, kriptto-protestant paarambaryangale shakthamayi aasrayikkunnu. vivaahangale canon niyamathinu keezhil konduvaraan shramichu 1783ll purathirangaanirunna vivaha pettantinu munkootty kaanikkunna mishra vishwaasa vivaahangalum pettant niyanthrichu. mathangal thammilulla vivahangal anuvadikkunnathil, pithaav katholikkanaanengil ellah kuttikaleyum catholicaraayi valarthendathundu, athesamayam amma katholikkayaanengil penmakkale maathrame valarthendathulloo.
pettantinetthudarnnu 1782-ll joothanmaarkkulla sahishnuthayude saasanam vannu. eee saasanam juthanmaarkku vaanijyathinte ellah shaakhakalum pinthudarunnathinulla swaathanthryam nalkukayum puthiya aavasyakathakal earppeduthukayum cheythu. juthanmaar jarmman bhasha primery schoolukal srishtikkukayo kuttikale kristhyan skoolukalilekku ayaykkukayo cheyyendathaayirunnu (jootha schoolukal munbu kuttikale ganithathinu purame ebraiah bhashayum vaayikkanum ezhuthaanum padippichirunnu.) pettant juthanmaarkku samsthaana secondary skoolukalil cheraanum anuvadichu. munbu swantham kodathi, chaarity, aabhyanthara nikuthi, school samvidaanangal enniva nadathiyirunna jootha samoohangalude svayambharanaavakaasham sahishnuthayude saasanam nirthalaakkiyathinu thottupinnaale purappeduvicha niyamangalude oru parambara; juthanmaar kudumbanaamangal nedanamennu aavashyappedunnu; joothanmaare nirbandhitha sainikasevanathinu vidheyaraakkunnu; rabbinettinu sthaanaarthikalkku mathethara vidyaabhyaasam aavasyamaanu.
1781leeii pettant yadhaarthathil "thulya swaathanthryangalude divya sandesham" ennu vilikkappettirunnave raajaavinte upadeshtaavu athu veendum thalli. 1848leeii viplavangalkk sesham pallikalude nirmmaanathinulla niyanthranangal nirthalaakkappettu. 1861ll austriyayile france josaf onnaaman chakravarty "prottasttanpettant" purappeduvikkunnathuvar protestant sabhaykku thulyamaaya niyama padavi labhichilla.

