untermayer park poonthottangalum

newyork nagarathinu vadakku vestt chesttar kaundiyile yonkezhsil sthithi cheiyunna charitraparamaaya oru pothu paarkkaan untermayer paarkk aandu gardens. saamuval antermeyarinte estettu "grayston"-nte avashishtamaan eee desheeyodyaanam. hudson nadiyude kizhakkan theerathu ninnu athinte mukalilulla bluff vare kuthaneyulla bhoomiyil sthithi cheiyunna eee desheeyodyaanathinte pradhana savisheshatha, purathana indo-pershyan poonthottangalil ninnu prachodanam ulkkonda mathilukalulla poonthottamaanu, athil jodiyakkiya ionic nirakalkk mukalil rund ethir sphinxukal kidakkunnu; oru classical pavaliyan; oru stovayum logiyakalum; aakaashathinte kshethram ennu vilikkunna vrithaakrithiyilulla ooppan eyar tempiyetto. mathilukalulla poonthottatthil ninnu nadiyudeyum paalisedukaludeyum kaazhchakalulla oru kaazhchayilekku oru neenda padikal nayikkunnu.
1916 ll pramukha abhibhashakanum pouranethaavumaaya untermayer vikasippichedutha eee poonthottangal roopakalppana cheythath aarkkitektum landscape designarumaaya vilyam dablyu. bosworth, chaals welford levittinte jaladhaarakalum pooll maanshippinteyum mattu kalakaaranmaarudeyum silpangalum. eee poonthottangal pathivayi pothujanangalkkayi thurakkukayum prashastha narthakar, abhinethaakkal, sangeethanjjar ennivarude prakadanangal nadathukayum amerikkayile ettavum mikacha poonthottangalilonnaayi kanakkakkappedukayum cheythu.
1940ll untermayer marichappol, muzhuvan estettum americaykko newyork samsthaanathino allengil kuranjathu yonkezhs nagaratthino sambhavana cheiyumennu addeham pratheekshichirunnu. oduvil yonkezhs estettinte oru bhagam sweekarikkaan sammathichu. poonthottangalude kaathalaya paazhsal, akkalam muthal cherkkapetta paazhsal, addehathinte bahumaanaartham untermayer park poonthottangalum ennu punarnaamakaranam cheythu. 1974ll charitraparamaaya sthalangalude deseeya rajisttaril ithu cherkkapettu.
untermayer garden aduthide punasthaapanatthinte oru pradhana prachaaranatthinu vidheyamaayi, athu thudarunnu.
charithram.
1865ll joonn tii. yuu. esile ettavum valia thoppi faaktariyude udamayaanu warring.ezz.bolmer estettil ninnu 33 ekkar bhoomi vaangukayum aarkkitekt joonn davis hatch athil oru gopuramulla bhavanam nirmmikkukayum cheythu, athine "grayston" ennu vilikkunnu, ithu aduthulla metro-north railway steshanil avasheshikkunnu. 1876-ll, warringin chila saambathika thirichadikal sambhavikkukayum 99 murikalulla bhavanam vaadakaykku nalkikkond bostanilekku maarukayum cheythu. 
raashtreeyakkaaranaaya saamuval jeey. newyork samsthaanathinte muun govarnor parajayappetta presidential sthaanaarthiyumaaya tilden 1879-ll warringle ninnu eee bhavanam vaadakaykku edukkukayum taamasiyaathe athum estettum vaangukayum cheythu. tilden hortikalcharil thaalpparyamundaayirunnu, koodaathe alankaara sasyangalum pazhangalum pachakkarikalum valarthunnathinayi 13 harithagrihangal nirmmichu.
1886 august 4 nuu tilden graystonil vachu marichu, saamuval untermayer 1899 ll lelathil tildante estettil ninnu eee vasthu vaangi. 1858ll virjeeniyayil janicha untermayer-kuttikkaalathu newyork nagaratthilekku thamasam marria-oru abhibhashakanum guggenheimer, untermayer & marshell sthaapanathile pankaliyum aayirunnu. yuu. esile aadyathe abhibhashakanaayi addeham ariyappedunnu.ezz. oru kesil oru dasalaksham dollar phees labikkum. oru nalla nikshepakanaaya untermayer angeyattam sambannanaayi. korpparettu niyamam nadappaakkunnathil ninnu pothujanaksemam prothsaahippikkunna kesukal edukkunnathilekku addeham maari.
poonthottangal nirmmikkuka.
antermeyarinu horticulturinode abhiniveshamundaayirunnu, athu ammayil ninnu paarambaryamaayi labhichathaanennum eee vishayathil vidagdhanaanennum addeham paranju. addehathinte kudumbam parayunnathanusarichu, addehathinu veendum jeevitam nayikkaan kazhiyumaayirunnenkil addeham newyork sitti paarkk kammeeshanaraakaan aagrahikkumaayirunnu. thante estettil aupachaarikamaaya poonthottangal venamennu untermayer aagrahichu, avaa joonn dii. yekkaal mikachathaayirikkanamennu addehathinte malsara swabhaavam aagrahichu. rockfellers, avarude estettu kaikkutt valare akaleyaayirunnilla, athinaal 1916-ll, yadhaartha estettinte vadakkum kizhakkum adhika swath vaangi athu vipuleekarikkaan, untermayer ekkol dess beaux arts pariseelanam labhicha aarkkitektum landscape designarumaaya vilyam wells bosworthine niyamichu-20 varshamaayi kaikkuttinte vaasthuvidyaykku sambhavana nalkia-"lokathile ettavum mikacha poonthottam" nirmmikkaan."
bosworthinte beaux arts pariseelanam undaayirunnittum, american landscape gardeningle aaa shailiyude swaadheenathekkurichum europil ninnu irakkumathi cheytha poonthotta aabharanangalumaayi athil kalarthiya mattu shailikalude kuzhappathekkurichum bosworth vairudhyathilaayi. dhii american aarkkitekt" enna lekhanathil addeham paraathippettath "" veettil oru paarambaryamillaathathinaal nammude manassil ellaatharam aupachaarika udyaanangaludeyum chithrangal sajjeekarichirikkunnu enna vastutha kaaranam "."yuu ennathil addeham khedichu.ezz. svanthamaayi "shudhamaaya charitra shaili" undaayirunnilla. poonthottam nirmmikkenda bhoomiyude bhooprakrithiyum vasthuvile veedinte sthaanavum athil eathutharam savisheshathakal adangiyirikkanamennu nirnnayikkanamenn bosworth thanne prasamgichu. bosworthine sambandhichidatholam, veedum poonthottavum ore samayam nirmmikkunnathum anuyojyamaayirunnu. grayston ithinakam nirmmikkappettathum bosworthinte aavasyangalkku anuyojyamallaathathumaayil untermayer estettil ithu saadhyamaayirunnilla. parambaraagathamaaya oru aupachaarika poonthottatthinu aavashyamullathupole bhoomiyum parannathum sthiravumaayirunnilla. pakaram, kunnin kunnukal, kunnukal, puramthallalukal, mungal ennivayaal kramarahitavum paarakkettukalullathumaaya antermeyarinte estettu kuthaneyulla charivode hudson nadiyilekku thaazhnnu. 
koodaathe, rockfeller oru spring aandu phaal garden aagrahichappol, taanum kudumbavum venalkkaalath kaikoottil thaamasikkaathathinaal, antermeyarinte shradha hortikalcharilum valarunna kaaryangalilum aayirunnu, koodaathe marangal, jala savisheshathakal, vasthuvidyaa efakttukal ennivaykkoppam bosworth nalkanamennu aagrahichu-pazhangal, kuttichedikal, pookkal enniva valarthaan anuvadikkunna oru padhathi. ithinu anuyojyamaaya estettinte eaka bhagam property vadakkukizhakkan bhaagathulla oru muun poonthottatthinte sthalamaanennu bosworth theerumaanichu. bhooprakrithiye ekeekarikkukayum pradhana veedu, niravadhi cheria veedukal, harithagrihangal-bosworth vilamathikkathathum ennaal antermeyarinu valare pradhanappettathum-mothatthilulla padhathiyilekku samyojippikkukayum cheyyuka ennathaayirunnu budhimuttu.
bosworth poonthottangalkkaayi oru padhathi konduvannu harithagriham aupachaarika bhooprakrithiyude oru portalaayi pravartthikkum, athil aarr pradhana vibhagangal undaakum, mathilukalulla poonthottam, vistta, varnna poonthottangal, rooss poonthottam, pachakkari poonthottangal, paarakkettukalil sthithicheyyunna pranayakshethram. ivayil, ellaayppozhum angane vilikkappedaatha mathilukalulla poonthottamaayirunnu ettavum pradhanam. bosworth vilichathupole eee "indo-pershyan tharatthilulla poonthottam", moonnu vashathum beej ishtikakalude mathilukalaal kothivachirunnu, ashtabhujaakrithiyilulla gopurangal, ellaam cream niratthilulla stakkoyil pothinjirunnu, oru vajra maathruka upayogichu score cheythu. utharenthyayile agra kottayil ninnu bosworth prachodanam ulkkondathaakaam. poonthottatthinte naalam vasham hudson kazhchakalkkaayi thurannirunnu. pradhana kavaadam oru valia chathuraakrithiyilulla chunnaambukallu kavaadamaayirunnu, athinu mukalil alric echu aarttemisinte kothupaniyundaayirunnu. elhussen. 
mathilukalulla poonthottatthinu praveshana kavaadam muthal maruvashathulla cheria ooppan eyar amphy thiyettar vare thekk-vadakkott ozhukunna oru kanal kizhakk-padinjaaru bhagathaayi vibhajikkunna mattoru kanal undaayirunnu, athinte kavalayil oru cheria kulavumundaayirunnu. oro kanalilum niravadhi jalavimanangal undaayirunnu. poonthottangalkkulla neeruravakal roopakalppana cheyyaan untermayer enchineeyar chaals welford levittine niyamichirunnu. nirbhagyavashaal, 2020 vareyulla kanakkanusarichu jaladharakalonnum pravarthikkunnilla.
mathilukalulla poonthottatthil 14 korinthyan nirakalude thuranna vrithaakrithiyilulla sthambhamaaya aakaashathinte shethravum undaayirunnu, athinu mukalil oru neenthalkkulam kaanapedunnu. kolanedinte thara vrithaakrithiyilulla pink, chaara, ilam pacha mosaik aayirunnu, madhyathil medusayude thala undaayirunnu.
athinte phalam, oru kaalathekku, amerikkayile ettavum prashasthamaaya poonthottangalilonnaayir. poonthottangalilonnaayir 1920kalilum untermayer pothujanagalkkum addehathinte prashasthamaaya krisanthimam, tulip ennivayude pradarshanangal polulla prathyeka paripaadikalkkumaayi aazhchathorum maithanam thurannu. 1939ll oru divasam 30,000 perr poonthottangal sandarshichu. isadora dunken polulla pramukha kalakaaranmaarum avide prakadanam nadatthi.
untermayer gaardanukalile hortikalcharinte gunanilavaaram desheeyathalathil prashasthamaayirunnu, chila mikacha thottakkaarkk avide pariseelanam labhichu. oduvil, estettil 60 harithagrihangalum 60 thottakkaare niyamichu.
antermeyarinu sheshamulla poonthottangal.
1940ll untermayer marichu. poonthottangal amerikkaykkum newyork samsthaanathinum nalkano paraajayappedaano addeham aagrahichirunnu, ennaal poonthottangalude paripaalanatthinte valia chelavu kaaranam, avaykkoppam oru endovmentum illaayirunnu, thudakkathil moonnu sthaapanangalum eee vaswat nirasichu. oduvil, 1946-ll, yonkezhs nagaram eee bhoomi oru sammaanamaayi sweekarikkukayum oru nagara pothu paarkkayi maarukayum cheythu. oduvil aaa bhavanam thanne thakarkkapettu. 
aparyapthamaaya dhanasahayam kaaranam, swathinte bhooribhaagavum paripalikkappettilla; niravadhi kettidangal kramena kedupaadukal sambhavikkukayum saittinte chila bhagangal valarnnuvarikayum vanapradeshangalilekku madangukayum cheythu. cheythu yonkezhs mayer aanjalo martinelli, aarkkitekt jaims picoon, laari martin ennivar poonthottam punasthaapikkaan shramichuvenkilum pracharanam hraswakaalathekkaayirunnu, swath veendum vashalayi. vashalayi nortred spero, joou koslovsky thudangiya community nethaakkalum ooppan space instittyoottum pothu bhoomikkaayi trasttinte sahaayathode yadhaartha estettinte kooduthal bhoomi vaangaan mayer terrens saleski prerippichu, athinte falamaayi innu paarkk nirmikkappettu. 
1974ll untermayer park gaardanukalum charitraparamaaya sthalangalude deseeya rajisttaril chertthu. 2011 muthal, laabhechayillaathe pravartthikkunna samghadanayaaya untermayer gardanus kansarvansi yonkezhs paarkk vakuppumayi sahakarichu poonthottangal punasthaapikkunnathinaayi pravartthikkunnu. 2005ll newyork samsthaanathu ninnulla 100,000 dollar 2009ll 65,000 dollar paarkkinte naveekaranathinum punaradhivaasathinum dhanasahayam nalki. kansarvansi head gardener timothi tilgman mattu aarr muzhuvan samaya thottakkareyum niyamikkunnu, koodaathe wave hillinte hortikalchar sthaapaka director marco pooloo stufaanoyil ninnu upadesham sweekarikkunnu.
poonthottangal.
untermayer paarkkilum poonthottangalilum niravadhi samrakshithavum punasthaapikkappettatho punarchinthichatho aaya pradhana savisheshathakalum sandiyal garden, aarr varnna poonthottangal, rooss, dahlia garden thudangiya yadhaartha savisheshathakalude chila avashishtangalum undu.
mathilukalulla poonthottam.
ashtabhujaakrithiyilulla gopurangalulla mathilukalaal chuttapetta mathilukalulla eee poonthottam puraathanakaalatthe indo-pershyan poonthottangale adisthaanamaakkiyullathaanu, avaye parudeesa poonthottangal allengil "charbagh" kall ennu vilikkunnu. khuraanilum bybililum paraamarshichirikkunna parudeesayudeyo eedanteyo naalu poonthottangale adisthaanamaakkiyulla oru aashayamaaya aaa purathana poonthottangaleppole, ithu jalapathakal vazhi chatushkona vibhagangalaayi thirichirikkunnu. bybilil, eedan nadiyile naalu nadikal paisan, gihon, tigris, euphrates ennivayaayirunnu, athesamayam rund marangalum jeevavrikshavum nanma thinmayekkurichulla arivinte vrukshavumaayirunnu. islaamika vedagrandhathil parudeesaykku ("janna") naalu nadikalundaayirunnu vellam, paal, thaine, veenju, jeevavrikshangal. untermayer gaardanukalude naalu jalapathakal-poonthottatthinte praveshana kavaadatthil ninnu gadikaaradishayil-thekk, padinjaaru, vadakku, kizhakk kanaalukal, madhyathilulla oru kulatthil koodicherunnu.
ashayaparamaayi indo-pershyan aanenkilum, mathilukalulla poonthottatthinaayi bosworth roopakalppana cheytha pala gadakangalum greak modalukalil ninnaan uruthirinjathu, udaaharanathinu, poonthottatthinte padinjaaran attathulla aakaashakshethram, oru tempiyetto, alabama marble kondu nirmmicha korinthyan nirakalude oru vritham, frederic jii shilppeduthiya simhathinte thalakalulla oru valia neenthalkkulam.aarr
roht thullunna vellam, athidhikalkku vishramikkaan kizhakkan mathilile stova, vadakke attathulla ooppan eyar amphy thiyettar enniva athidhikale rasippikkum. akkaalathe ettavum prashasthamaaya silpikaliloraalaaya pooll manship kothivacha rund mukhangalulla marble sphinxukalaanu amphy thiyettarinte oru pradhana savisheshatha, avaa oronninum sipolino marblinte rund uyaramulla ionic nirakal pinthunaykkunnu. sphinxukale attik vaasthuvidya swaadheenichu.
oraal poonthottatthilekku praveshikkunna valia kavaadam, amphy thiyettarinte tyle cheytha vedhi thudangiya mattu vasthuvidyaa gadakangal mysenian roopangale adisthaanamaakkiyullathaayinu. myseena kottayile venkalakaalathe valia simha kavaadatthe adisthaanamaakkiyullathaayinu eee kavaadam, ennaal yadhaarthathil silppamulla rund simhangalillaathe, amphy thiyettarinte steju florinte tiling purathana nagaramaya tirinil ninnulla oru chuvarchithrathe adisthaanamaakkiyullathaayinu, athil sarppilukalum papirus thamara pookkalum undaayirunnu.
kazhchayum avaganical.
mathilukalulla poonthottatthinte thaazhathe terresile logiyayile aprasakthamaaya oru kavaadatthil ninnu hudson nadiyilekku thaazhekku pookunna oru neenda avarohana padiyaanu vistta, avide athu kaazhchayil avasaanikkunnu. italiyile lake comoyile navothaana kaalaghattatthile villa dii estteyude maathrkayilaanu eee padikal nirmmichirikkunnathu. yadhaartha padiyile irunda cypress marangale anukarikkunnathinayi vashangalil yadhaarthathil japanese devadaaru marangal nattupidippichirunnu, ennirunnaalum aakramanathmaka vruksha enangal nasham vithachu, pinneedu marangal punasthaapikkendivannu.
prashastha vaasthushilpi stanford vaittinte estettil ninnu vanna rund purathana roman monolithic sipolino marble nirakalaanu eee kaazhchayil ullathu.
snehathinte shethravum paarayum aruviyum niranja poonthottavum.
oru genois kallu mesan carlo davit roopakalppana cheytha oru kallukal niranja faantasiyaanu premakshethram, mukalil oru vrithaakrithiyilulla kshetra viddithamundu. antermeyarinte kaalath ithinu chuttum terroused kidakkakalulla vipulamaaya paarathottam undaayirunnu. thottakkaar aayi upayogikkunnathinaayi pala paarakalum pollayayirikkunnu.
paarakaludeyum aruvikaludeyum poonthottam yadhaartha paarathottatthinte avashishtamaan, athil oru cheria aruvi kallukalude koombaaramiloode ozhukunnu. yadhaartha gadakangal upayogichu veendum kandethukayum punarnirmmikkukayum vellachattangal, kulangal, paalangal enniva ulppedunna pranayakshethrathinte jalapathayumaayi bandhippikkukayum cheiyunnathuvare ithu varshangalolam sasyangalkkum azhukkinum keezhil kuzhichittirunnu.
simhav yoonikon gettum poonthottavum nasippikkunnu.
poonthottathilekkulla simhathinteyum yoonikon gettinteyum praveshana kavaadam pazhaya krottan akwadakt samsthaana charitraparamaaya paarkkilaan sthithi cheiyunnathu. pazhaya gettu house ippol 2019 ll poortthiyaaya avashishta udyaanamaanu. uniconinu oru puthiya thala ulppede simhathinteyum uniconinteyum shilpangal punasthaapikkukayum kallu vrithiyaakkukayum punasthaapikkukayum cheythu. oru verulla nilavara oru guhaya jaladharayayum parivartthanam cheythu. gettu housinullile yadhaartha graafitti samrakshikkappettu, koodaathe poonthottatthile nattupidippikkalukal upekshikkappettathum nashichathumaaya oru veettilullathayi thonnunnu.
rhododendron nadattham.
2019 muthal aarambikkunna oru puthiya savisheshathayaaya saandramaayi natta rhododendron nadattham antermeyarinte rhododendron shekharathe unarthaanaan uddeshikkunnathu. ithu avashishtathottathil ninnu mukalilulla pradhana poonthottangalilekku nayikkunnu.
paraamarshangal.
vivarakkuripukal
avalambangal
grandhasoochika

