
uthbhavaparamaaya prathisandhikal

moonnaam noottaandile alexandrian daivashaasthranjante (184-253) anuyaayikalude padippikkalukal ulppedunna aadyakaala kristhumathatthile rund pradhana daivashaasthra vivaadangalaanu uthbhava prathisandhikal allengil uthbhava vivaadangal.
eiii. dii naalam noottaandinte avasaanathil palastheenil aarambhicha aadyathe uthbhava prathisandhi pinneedu eejipthilekk vyaapichu. sabhayude shreniyile chila amgangal mathavirudhamaayi kanakkakkiya chila rachanakalil charcha cheytha aashayangalaanu ithu kaikaaryam cheythath. origante rachanakalkkethireyum addehathinte apalapikkal aavasyangalodum aadyam salaamisile epiphanius unnayichappol pinneedu jerom alexandriayile theophilus etteduthu, iruvarum thudakkathil origante padippikkalukale pinthunachirunnu. orijanile prathirodhakkaril tyranius rufinus jarusalem bishop joonn randaman ulppedunnu.
eee prathisandhi ghattathil, daivathekkurichulla uthbhavathinte avyakthavum manushyarooparahithavumaaya sangalppathe theophilus apalapichu, eee kaazhchappaadine theophilus thanne munbu shabdaparamaayi pinthunachirunnu. alexandriayil ninnu naadukadatthappetta orijinist sanyaasimaarkk abhayam nalkiyathinu eiii. dii. 403-ll konstantinoppilinte pathriarchese joonn chrysostamine ookku sinadile thante sthaanathu ninnu neekkam cheythathodeyaanu prathisandhi avasaanichathu.
randaam uthbhava prathisandhi eiii. dii aaram noottaandil onnaam justiniyante bharanakaalathaanu sambhavichathu. aadya prathisandhiyekkaal nannayi rekhappeduthappettillathitti ithu uthbhavathinte yadhaartha rachanakalekkaal utbhavathaal swaadheenikkappetta grouppukalude aashayangalumayi kooduthal edapedunnu. edii 553-ll constantinoppil randaamathe kaunsil orijaninethire oru anaathama purappeduvichathode ithu avasaanichu, ennirunnaalum uthbhavathe apalapikkunna anaathama yadhaarthathil kaunsil purappeduvicho atho pinneedu chertthathaano ennu pandithanmaar tharkkikkunnu.
aadya uthbhava prathisandhi.
palasteen ghattam.
eiii. dii naalam noottaandinte avasaanathil aadyathe uthbhava prathisandhi aarambhichu, palastheenil sanyaasimaarude thudakkavumayi ithu poruthappedunnu. vivaadathinte aadya elavu vannath ellah mathavidveshangaleyum verode pizhutheriyaanum avaye nishedhikkaanum dridanishchayamulla salaamisile cyprian bishop epiphaniusil ninnaan. epiphanius thante mathaviruddha grandhangalaaya "ankorattas" (375), "paanariyon" (376) ennivayil epiphaniusine akramikkukayum, epiphanius mathavirudhanaanennu kanakkakkunnathine pinthunacha oru prabodhanangalude pattika samaharikkukayum cheythu. greak vidyaabhyaasa" thinte thinmakalaal dushippikkappedukayum mathavirudhanaayi maarukayum cheytha oru yadhaartha yaadhaasthithika kristhyaaniyaayi epiphaaniyasinte grandhangal chithreekarikkunnu. orijane keezhppedutthal, saangalppika hermenuticine "amithamaayi" upayogikkunnathu, baibilinekkurichulla ashayangal "yukthisahamaayi" ennathinekkaal "oohaathmakamaayi, vyaayaamangalaayi" nirddeshikkunna seelam ennivaye epiphanius prathyekichum ethirthu.
jarusalemile bishappaya joninode epiphanius uthbhavathe oru mathavirudhanennu apalapikkaan aavasyappettu. aaa vyakthi ithinakam marichathinushesham oru vyakthiye mathavirudhanaayi munkaala praabalyathode apalapikkaan kazhiyillennathinte adisthaanathil joonn nirasichu. 393-ll attarbiyas enna sanyasi uthbhavichathinum addehathinte rachanakal apalapikkappedunnathinum oru nivedanam nalki. jarusalemile joonn niyukthanakkiyathum uthbhavathinte deerghakaala aaraadhakanumaaya oleevu parvvathatthile aashramathile purohithanaaya tyranius rufinus harji thallikkalanju. ennirunnaalum, uthbhavam padichirunna rufinasinte adutha suhruthum associate jerom harjiyumaayi yojichu. ekadesham athe samayathaan joonn cassian uthbhavathinte padippikkalukal padinjaaru avatharippichathu.
394-ll, epiphanius jerusalemile joninu veendum kathezhuthi, uthbhavathe apalapikkanamenn abhyarthichu, uthbhavathinte rachanakal manushya laingika prathyulpaadanathe apakeerthippeduthunnum addehathe oru vanjanaaparamaaya aalaanenn aaropikkunnuvennum urappichu. joonn orikkalkkoodi eee abhyarthana nirasichu. 395 aayappozhekkum jerom oorijanistukalkkethire sakhyamundaakkukayum orijane apalapikkaan jarusalemile joninode yachikkukayum cheythu, eee apeksha joonn veendum nirasichu. joonn oru uthbhavavaadiyaaya vyathichalanakkaaranaanne parasyamaayi prasamgichukondu epiphanius joninethire oru pracharanam aarambhichu. jonumaayulla bandham vichedikkaan addeham jeromine vijayakaramaayi prerippikkukayum joninte adhikaarathe dhikkarichukondu jeromiyude sahodaran polynesine purohithanaayi niyamikkukayum cheythu.
athesamayam, 397-ll rufinus orijanile "oonn phastt principles" ennathinte laattin vivarthanam prasidheekarichu. orijanante yadhaartha grandham mathaviruddhar interpolate cheythathaanennum eee interpolationukalaanu athil kaanapedunna vipareethapadanangalude uravidamennum rufinasinu bodhyamaayi. athinaal addeham uthbhavathinte paatatthil valareyadhikam maattam varuthi, samakaalika kristheeya yaadhaasthithikathayumaayi viyojikkunna eathenkilum bhagangal ozhivaakkukayum maattukayum cheythu. eee vivarthanathinte aamukhathil, jerom orijaninte sishyanaaya dedimus dhii blindinte keezhil padichathaayi rufinus paraamarshichu, ithu jerom orijanine pinthudarunnayaalaanennu soochippikkunnu. jerom ithil prakopithanayathinaal "aadya thathwangalil" enna thante swantham laattin vivarthanam nirmmikkaan addeham theerumaanichu, athil oro wack ezhuthiyathupole thanne vivarthanam cheyyumennum uthbhavathinte mathavidveshangal lokathinu munnil thurannukaattumennum addeham vaagdaanam cheythu. jerominte vivarthanam poornnamaayum nashtappettu.
eejipshyan ghattam.
399ll uthbhavaprathisandhi eejipthilethi. alexandriayile theophilus uthbhavathe pinthunaykkunnavarodu anubhavam prakadippikkukayum, daivathe avyakthanaanenna uthbhavaparamaaya padippikkal thaan parasyamaayi prasamgichathaayi sabhaa charitrakaaranaaya sosomen rekhappeduthukayum cheiyunnu. 399-leeii thante "utsava kathil", daivathinu aksharaarthatthil manushyaneppolulla oru shareeramundennu vishwasichavare addeham apalapikkukayum avare niraksharar "lalithar" ennu vilikkukayum cheythu. daivathe naravamshashaasthraparamaayi kanakkakkiya alexandrian sanyaasimaarude oru valia janakkoottam theruvukalil kalapam nadatthi. sabhaa charitrakaaranaaya socreties scholasticasinte abhipraayathil, oru kalapam thadayunnathinaayi, theophilus pettennu mukham thirikkukayum uthbhavathe apalapikkaan thudangukayum cheythu. 400-ll theophilus alexandriayil oru kaunsiline vilichu, athu daivathe avishudhanaanennu padippichathinu uthbhavatheyum anuyaayikaleyum mathavirudharennu apalapichu, athu daivathinu manushyanodu saamyamulla aksharaarthatthilulla bhauthika shareeramundennu avar vidhicha oreyoru yadhaarthavum yaadhaasthithikavumaaya nilapaadinu virudhamaanennu avar vidhichu.
theophilus svayam "ellah mathavidveshangaludeyum hydra" ennu mudrakuthukayum kaunsilinte kathil oppidaan anaestasius onnaaman marpappa prerippikkukayum cheythu, ithu praadhamikamaayi ivagrius ponticusumaayi bandhapetta naitriyan sanyaasimaarude padippikkalukale apalapichu. 402-ll theophilus eejipshyan sanyasimar (cellukalude isak ulppede) yill ninnu uthbhava sanyaasimaare puratthaakkukayum naitriyan samoohathinte nethaakkalaayirunna "uyaramulla sahodaranmaar" ennariyappedunna naalu sanyaasimaare naadukadatthukayum cheythu. 403 joolaiyil jonine apalapikkanum ookku sinadile thante sthaanathu ninnu neekkam cheyyaanum theophilus upayogichirunna oru vasthuthayaaya konstantinoppilinte pathriarchese joonn krisoostam, uyaramulla sahodaranmaarkku abhayam nalki. joonn chrysostamine sthaanabhrashtanaakkiya sesham, theophilus eejipthile uthbhava sanyasimaarumaayulla saadhaarana bandham punasthaapikkukayum aadyathe uthbhava prathisandhi avasaanikkukayum cheythu.
randaamathe uthbhava prathisandhi.
prathisandhiyude thudakkam.
aaram noottaandil baisantain sanyaasimaarude unnathiyilaanu randaamathe uthbhava prathisandhi sambhavichathu. randaamathe uthbhavaprathisandhi aadyathethupole eathaandu rekhappeduthappettillettim, athu praadhamikamaayi uthbhavasthaanathullavarude pilkkala anuyaayikalude padippikkalukaleyaanu uddeshichathennu thonnunnu, pakaram uthbhavasthaanathulla mattenthinekkaalum. origante sishyanaaya ivagrius ponticus chinthaathmakavum shabdaparavumaaya praarthanaye pinthunachirunnuvenkum mattu sanyasi samoohangal upavaasam, advaanam, jagrata ennivaykku oonnal nalkikkond praarthanayil sanyaasathin munganana nalki. palastheenil chila uthbhava sanyasimar, avarude sathrukkal "isokristoyi" ("kristhuvumaayi samathvam pularthunnavar" ennartham) ennu vilikkunnu, aathmaakkalude munkaala nilanilppinekkurichulla uthbhavathinte padippikkalinu oonnal nalkukayum ellah aathmaakkalum yadhaarthathil kristhuvinu thulyamaanennum kaalaavasaanathil veendum thulyaraakumennum abhiprayappettu. athe pradeshathe uthbhavavaadikalude mattoru vibhaagam pakaram kristhu "niravadhi sahodaranmaarude nethaavu" aanennum, aadya srishtiyaaya jeeviyaanennum vaadichu. eee vibhaagam kooduthal mithavaadikalaayirunnu, avare avarude athiraalikal "protoctistoyi" ("aadyam srishtichathu") ennu vilichirunnu. iruvibhaagangalum parasparam mathavidveshathinu kuttappeduthukayum mattu kristhyaanikal iruvarkkumethire mathavidveshathinu kuttam chumathukayum cheythu.
poppaaya "apocrysarius" enna pelagius vazhi mathavishwaasathinte isokristoyiye apalapikkaan protoctistoyi justinian onnaaman chakravarty abhyarthichu. eiii. dii 543-ll, pelagius justinian rekhakal avatharippichu, konstantinoppilinte pathriarchese mannas ezhuthiya uthbhavathe apalapikkunna oru kathu, orijinte "oonn phastt principles" ennathil ninnulla bhagangal, orijinte virudhamaaya niravadhi anaadhemaattakal enniva ulppede. eee prashnam abhisambodhana cheyyaan vilicha oru aabhyanthara syned isokristoyiyude padippikkalukal mathavirudhamaanennum mathavirudhathaykku pinnile aathyanthika kuttavaaliyaayi uthbhavichathayi kaanukayum svayam oru mathavirudhanaayi uthbhavichathaayum nigamanam cheythu. justinin chakravarty uthbhavasthaanathe ellah rachanakalum kathikkaan utharavittu. padinjaaru, 519 num 553 num idayil ezhuthappetta "decretum jelesianam", rachanakal vyakthamaayi nirodhikkenda oru ezhuthukaaranaayi uthbhavichathayi pattikapedutthi.
constantinoppilinte randaamathe kaunsil.
553-ll, konstantinoppilinte randaamathe kaunsilinte (anchaamathe ecumenical kaunsil) aadyakaalangalil, pappa virgenius pappa athil pankedukkaan visammathikkumbol, justinian addehathe bandiyaakkiyenkilum, kaunsilile bishappukal isokristoyiyude nethaavaayi uthbhavichathine apalapicha oru thuranna kathu amgeekarichu. kathu kaunsilinte audyogika niyamangalude bhagamaayirunnilla, 543-ll constantinoppil syned purappeduvicha saasanam athu aavarthichu. uthbhavam ennu aakshepakaramaaya rachanakal udharikkunnu, ennaal athil paraamarshichirikkunna ellah rachanakalum yadhaarthathil ivagrius ponticus ezhuthiyathaanu. kaunsil audyogikamaayi thurannathinushesham, ennaal vigilius marpappa pankedukkaan visammathikkumbol, justinian bishappukalkk "moonnu adhyayangal" ennariyappedunna oru paatatthinte prashnam avatharippichu, athu aantioochen kristhumathatthe aakramichu.
moonnu adhyayangal" yilum avayumaayi bandhappettavayilum adangiyirikkunna mathaviruddha padippikkalukalkethire bishappukal anaadhamaathayude oru pattika thayyarakki. pathinonnaamatthe anathemayude audyogika paatatthil, orijane oru kristheeya mathavirudhanaayi apalapikkunnu, ennaal orijanente peru "homonio" enna peril kaanapedunnilla, ithu saamraajyathva chancery purappeduvicha anathemaattayude aadya karadaanu, allengil deerghakaalathinu sesham oduvil vigilius marpappa oppitta anuranjana nadapadikalude pathippil ithu kaanapedunnilla. kaunsilinu sheshamulla vaachakathil uthbhavathinte peru munkaala praabalyathode cherthirikkaamennu eee poruthakkedukal soochippichekkaam. eee anathemaathaav munkaala praadeshika sinadil pettathaanennu chila adhikaarikal vishwasikkunnu. anaathamayude yadhaartha paatatthil orijinte peru prathyakshappettaalum, anaadhamayil apalapikkappedunna uthbhavathin kaaranamaaya padippikkalukal yadhaarthathil pilkkala uthbhavavaadikalude aashayangalaayirunnu, avaa yadhaarthathil svayam ezhuthiyathil ninnu uthbhavicha onninum adisthaanamilla. vaasthavathil, anchaamathe kaunsil "moonnu adhyaayangale" prathyekamaayi kaikaaryam cheythuvennum uthbhavathekkuricho saarvathrikathayekkuricho paraamarsikkunnillennum athinte apalapanam ariyunnathupole samsaarikkukayo cheythillennum maathrame poppu virgenius (537-555), pelagius I (556-61), pelagius II (579-90), gregory dhii grettu (590-604) ennivarkku ariyaamaayirunnulloo.