
bonty samudrathinte puramthallal azhukkuchaal

australiyayile sidneyile north bondiyile blair streettile paithruka pattikayil ulppeduthiyittulla azhukkuchaal adisthaana soukaryamaanu bonty ooshyan outfall. darlinghurstile ooksfoord streettinteyum koleju streettinteyum kavalayil ninnu aarambikkunna azhukkuchaal line vadakku bondiyile blair streettil athunnathuvare niravadhi praanthapradeshangaliloode kadannupokunnathinaayi kooduthalo kuravo kizhakk dishayilekku sanjarikkunnu. 1880 num 1889 num idayil pothumaraamathu vakuppaan ithu roopakalppana cheyyukayum nirmmikkukayum cheythath. ithu boose (bonty ooshyan outfall azhukkuchaal) ennum pradhana vadakkan samudra outfall azhukkuchaal ennum ariyappedunnu. eee vasthu sidney vaattarinte udamasthathayilaanu.
bonty azhukkuchaal samvidaanam.
1859 aayappozhekkum sidneyude malinajala samvidaanathil anchu puramthallal azhukkuchaalukal ulppettirunnu, avaa sidani thuramukhathekku ozhuki. 1870 aayappozhekkum thuramukham valareyadhikam malineekarikkappedukayum nagaratthile malinajalam neekkam cheiyunnathinulla badal maarggam anweshikkukayum cheythu. ithu pradhana vadakkan samudra vellachatta azhukkuchaalukaludeyum sasyashaasthra ulkkadalile oru malinajala krishiyidathilekku ozhukunna thekkan azhukkuchaalukaludeyum nirmmaanatthilekku nayichu.
sidneyil roopakalppana cheyth nirmmicha aadyathe samudra puramthallal azhukkuchaalayirunnu pradhana vadakkan puranthallal azhukkuchaal (boose). melbone aadyathe reticulated azhukkuchaal labhikkumbol, sidani nilavilulla azhukkuchaalukal thuramukha vellachattangalil ninnu samudra vellachaattathilekku vazhithirichuvidukayaayirunnu. thurankatthinte munnettatthinu munbu ishtika nirmmaanam aarambikkaan anuvadicha akkaalathe sarveyude krithyathayude athbhuthamaayirunnu ithu. vaidyutha pumping steshanukal aarambikkunnathuvare eee samvidaanam thuramukha azhukkuchaalukalilekkulla ozhukk kurachu. thuramukhathekku praveshikkunna malineekaranam kuraykkunnathil eee samvidaanam pradhana pankuvahichu.
azhukkuchaal ishtika kondu niratthiyirunnu. darlinghurstile ooksfoord streettinteyum koleju streettinteyum jangshante moolayilulla junction chembarilekku ithu kurayunnu. eee ghattam muthalaan pradhana shaakhakal vadakku, padinjaaru, thekk-padinjaaru dishakalilekku vyaapichath. ooksfoord, koleju theruvukalude junctionilum tailor squareilum eee samvidaanathinte rund bhagangal melkoora sthaapichittundu. eee samvidaanathil pravarthicha niravadhi enchineeyarmaar pinneedu tii polulla mattu sradheyamaaya landmaarkkukalil pravarthichu. keele, ell. eiii. bii. wade (anakkettukalude pithaav), dablyu. sii. iruvarum board amgangalaayirunna bennatt (cheef enchineeyar).
kollayadikkapetta vasthukkal uparithalathilekku valichizhaykkukayo blair streetinu keezhilulla thurankatthiloode kadannupokukayo cheyyaathe, samudrathinaduthulla valia valippathilulla vipuleekarana arra samudrathinte attathu ninnu thurankam nirmmichathaayi ippol ariyappedunnu. ithinartham vipuleekaricha thurankathinu ozhukunna vellam puranthallaan kazhinjilla ennaanu. ippol oru goalf kozhsaaya thanneerthadamo chathuppunilamo unakkaan sahaayikkunnathin bondiyil ninnu rooss bay vare oru side draine kuzhikkunnathiloodeyaanu ithu kaikaaryam cheythath. kollayadichava paarayude adiyil valicherinju. khanithozhilaalikal erangiya govanippaathayude avashishtangal neekkam cheythu.
vivaranam.
bonty skeem benn buckleril ninnu vadakkan bondiyile tasman kadalilekku ozhukunnu. muun sitti kaunsil azhukkuchaalukal vazhi sidani thuramukhathekku malinajalam puranthallunnathinte alavu kuraykkunnathinaayi oru thadassappeduthunna azhukkuchaalaayittaan ithu nirmmichathu. benn buckleril ninnu ooksfoord, livarpool, koleju theruvukalude moolayilulla pradhana junction arayilekku azhukkuchaal uyarunnu, athil ninnu pradhana branch azhukkuchaalukal nagaratthilekku vyaapikkunnu,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, kizhakkan sidani, voollara, waverley ennivaykku rettikkuleshan nalkunnathinaayi outfall azhukkuchalumaayi cherunna valia azhukkuchaalukal nirmmichu. bonty azhukkuchaal oru guruthwaakarshana samvidaanamaanu, athu ulnaadan pradeshangalil vyaapikkumbol kramena uyarunnu. thathfalamaayi, athinu nerittu athinu mukalilulla bhoomi maathrame sevikkaan kazhiyoo. athinaal, 1889-ll prarambha padhathi poortthiyaaya sesham malinajalathinte ganyamaaya bhagam thuramukhathekku ozhukunnathu thudarnnu. kaalakramena atharam pradeshangalil ninnu malinajalam shekharikkunnathinum bonty azhukkuchaalilekku pump cheiyunnathinumaayi thaazhnna nilayilulla pumping steshanukal chertthu. bonty azhukkuchaal overfom aakruthiyilullathum ishtika kondaanu nirmmichirikkunnathu. pradhana vellappokkathinte alavukal pradhana ooksfoord, livarpool street jangshanilekku kurayunnu. azhukkuchaal samvidaanathinte mattu gadakangalil niravadhi valia ishtika azhukkuchaal venshaafttukalum bonty malinajala samskarana plaantum ulppedunnu.
azhukkuchaal ganyamaayi kedupaadukal illaathathaanu.
parishkkaranangalum theeyathikalum.
1890kalude avasaanathil eee samvidaanam balmainilekkum nyoodounilekkum vyapippichu.
kaalakramena vikasippichedutha samvidaanathinte mattu gadakangalil bonty azhukkuchaal ventu, belleview hill azhukkuchaal venshaft, obelisk, glebe azhukkuchaal venshaft, bonty malinajala samskarana plaant enniva ulppedunnu.
paithruka pattika.
2001 november 5-leeii kanakkanusarichu, pradhana vadakkan samudra vellachaattam, allengil bonty ooshyan outfall azhukkuchaal (boose), rajyath roopakalppana cheyyukayum nirmmikkukayum cheytha itharathilulla aadyathe samudra vellachatta azhukkuchaal aayirunnu. australiyayile ettavum pradhanappetta enchiniyaring gadanakalilonnaanithu. akkaalathe krithyatha sarway cheiyunnathil ithu oru athbhuthamaayirunnu. turanka nirmmaanam poortthiyaakunnathinu munbu azhukkuchaalukalude lining sarway anuvadichu.
boosukal thuramukhathekku praveshikkunna malinajalathinte alavu kuraykkukayum malinajalam theerathu ninnu neekkiyukondu nagaravaasikalude aarogyam mechappeduthukayum cheythu. nagaratthinullile azhukkuchaalukal, veedukal, jalagathagatha marggangal ennivayil ninnu malinajalam neekkam cheiyunnathumaayi bandhapetta saankethikavidyayil bookalude nirmmaanam mattu purogathikal kandu. thaazhnna pradeshangalil ninnu malinajalam neekkunnathinaayi pumping steshanukalude roopakalppanayum nirmmanavum mechappeduthuka, azhukkuchaalukalil ninnu doshakaramaaya vaathakangal surakshithamaayi neekkam cheiyunnathinulla nirmmanavum gaveshanavum, asamskritha maalinyangal samskarikkunnathinulla mikacha marggangal, enchiniyaring reethikalile purogathi, jalapaathakaliludaneelam turanka nirmmaanam ennivayum athilereyum.
sidneyude malinajala samvidaanangalude praadhaanyam praadhamikamaayi sidneyude valarchayilum noottaandinte thudakkam muthal innuvare munisippal sevanangalude vipuleekaranathilum athinte pankumaayi bandhappettirikkunnu. eee samvidaanangalile nirmmaanam malinajala pumping steshanukal, ventukal, paippukal, thurankangal, mattu anubandha pravrithikal ennivayil thelinjirikkunnu, avaa avayude swabhaavam pradarshippikkunnu, federation, yudhaananthara, randaam lokamahaayudhaananthara kaalaghattangalil vyaapichukidakkunna vasthuvidyaa shailiyile kramanugathamaaya maattam. eee samvidaanangalil palathum innum upayogathilundu, avayude yadhaartha thuniyil cheria maattamund. koodaathe, pradhana malinajala samvidaanangalude vikasanam nagarapradeshangalil ninnu portt jaxonilekku malinajalam puranthallunnathu kurachukondu sidneyude pothujanaarogya samrakshanathile oru pradhana munnettatthe prathinidheekarikkunnu.
azhukkuchaalukal, venshafttukal, pumping steshanukal, mattu anubandha gadanakal enniva eee samvidaanathil ulppedunnu. eee savisheshathakalil palathinum soundaryaparavum saamskaarikavumaaya praadhaanyamund, avaykku supradhana moolyangalundu. aadyathe irupathu pumping steshanukalil pathonpathu, north bonty, glebe, hyde paarkk, belleview hill ennividangalile valia ishtika azhukkuchaal dwaarangal enniva ithil ulppedunnu. 1953ll bhaagikamaayi pravartthanam aarambhicha treatment plaant pinneedu sthaapicha guhayude nirmmanavum ithil ulppedunnu.
bonty ooshyan outfall azhukkuchaal 2002 november 15 nuu nyoo southu weils stettu heritteju rajisttaril inipparayunna maanadandangal paalichukondu pattikapedutthi.
nyoo southu veyilsile saamskaarikamo prakrithidatthamo aaya charithratthinte gathi allengil paatten pradarshippikkunnathil eee sthalam pradhaanamaan.
1859 aayappozhekkum sidneyude malinajala samvidaanathil anchu puramthallal azhukkuchaalukal ulppettirunnu, avaa thuramukhathekku ozhukunnu. 1870 aayappozhekkum thuramukham valareyadhikam malineekarikkappedukayum nagaratthile malinajalam neekkam cheiyunnathinulla badal maarggam anweshikkukayum cheythu. ithu pradhana vadakkan samudra vellachatta azhukkuchaalukaludeyum sasyashaasthra ulkkadalile oru malinajala krishiyidathilekku ozhukunna thekkan azhukkuchaalukaludeyum nirmmaanatthilekku nayichu.
malinajala samvidaanathinte charitraparamaaya praadhaanyam praadhamikamaayi sidneyudeyum praanthapradeshangaludeyum valarchayilum 1900 kalude thudakkam muthal innuvare munisippal sevanangalude vipuleekaranathilum athinte pankumaayi bandhappettirikkunnu. eee samvidaanangalude nirmmaanathinu thelivu malinajala pumping steshanukal, ventukal, mattu anubandha pravrithikal enniva avayude swabhaavathil pradarshippikkunnu, federation, yudhaananthara, yudhaananthara kaalaghattangalil vyaapichukidakkunna vasthuvidyaa shailiyile kramanugathamaaya maattam.
nyoo southu veyilsil soundarya savisheshathakalum koodaathe/allengil uyarnna thalatthilulla sarggaathmakamo saankethikamo aaya nettangal prakadippikkunnathil eee sthalam pradhaanamaan.
azhukkuchaalukalude bhooribhaagavum bhoogarbhathilaanu. bonty ezz. tii. piyude praveshana kavaadatthilum double beyile loaf reservilum oru bhagam nireekshikkaam. ishtikappanikalil prakadamaaya uyarnna thalatthilulla workmanship ithu pradarshippikkunnu. nagaratthile glebe, belleview hill, baatharst street ennividangalile niravadhi valia alankaricha ishtika azhukkuchaal venshaafttukalaanu eee samvidaanathinte mattu savisheshathakal. ivaykku ganyamaaya naazhikakkall moolyangalundu.
saamoohikamo saamskaarikamo aathmeeyavumaaya kaaranangalal nyoo southu veyilsile oru prathyeka samoohavumaayo saamskaarika grouppumaayo eee sthalathinu shakthamayatho prathyekamo aaya bandhamund.
pradhana malinajala samvidaanangalude vikasanam sidneyile pothujanaarogya samrakshanathile munnettatthinte bhagamaanu, nagaratthile aadyakaala azhukkuchaalukal vazhi portt jaxonil ninnu malinajalam puranthallunnathu koottaayi kuraykkukayum tasman kadalilekku vazhithirichuvidukayum cheythu. athinaal eee samvidaanam pothusamoohathinu valare praadhaanyamullathaanu.
nyoo southu veyilsinte saamskaarikamo prakrithidatthamo aaya charithrathekkurichu manassilakkaan sahayikkunna vivarangal nalkaan eee sthalathinu kazhivundu.
manalkkall blokkukal, khara parakal, shakthippeduthiya konkreett thudangi vividha nirmmaana shailikal malinajala samvidaanangal pradarshippikkunnu. eee samvidaanangalude nirmmaanam australiyayile eee vasthukkalude vikasanatheyum upayogatheyum kurichulla nammude daaranaykku sambhavana nalkukayum sidneyude vardhichuvarunna janasamkhyaye neridunnathinulla nirmmaanatthile saankethika maattathe prathifalippikkukayum cheiyunnu.
krithyatha sarway cheiyunnathinte oru maastarpees aayirunnu bonty, athaayath thurankam "breakthrook" cheiyunnathinu munbuthanne ishtika lining aarambhichu. europian jala thurankam tii samaanamaayi poortthiyaakki. dablyu. keele, pakshe oru jala thurankam enna nilayil aantharika ishtika lining aavasyamilla.
nyoo southu veyilsinte saamskaarikamo prakrithidatthamo aaya charithratthinte apoorvamo apoorvamo vamshanaashabheeshani neridunnatho aaya vashangal eee sthalathundu.
australiyayile aadyathe atharam samvidaanamenna nilayil eee azhukkuchaal savisheshamaan. munkaala azhukkuchaalukalude nirmmaanavumaayi bandhapetta pradhana vivarangal adangiyirikkunnathinaal saankethikamaayi ithu pradhaanamaan.
nyoo southu veyilsile oru klaas saamskaarika allengil prakrithidatha sthalangal/paristhithikalude pradhana savisheshathakal pradarshippikkunnathil eee sthalam pradhaanamaan.
sidneyil nirmmicha aadyathe samudra vellachatta azhukkuchaaline prathinidheekarikkunnu. oviphom bahirgamanathil chilathil onnu maathramaan, ennaal samudrathilekku ozhukunnathu onnu maathramaan.

