
foldamer

rasathanthrathil, oru foldamer ennathu laayaniyil krameekaricha avasthayilekku madangunna oru vyathiriktha shringhala thanmathrayaanu (oligomer). proteinukal, nucleic aasidukal, polysacrarideukal ennivayude nannayi nirvachikkapetta roopeekaranangalilekku madakkaanulla kazhivine anukarikkunna krithrima thanmathrakalaanu avaa, athaayath α-helix, β-sheettukal. aduthillaatha monomerukal thammilulla nonkovalant edapedalukaliloodeyaanu oru foldaamarinte ghadana sthireekarikkappedunnathu. pravachikkaavunna gadanakalulla valia thanmathrakal roopakalppana cheyyuka ennathaanu folderukalude pradhana lakshyam. foldamerukalude patanam molecular selph assembly, molecular recognission, hoost-gust kemistry ennivayude prameyangalumaayi bandhappettirikkunnu.
design.
folderukal valippathil vyathyaasappedaamenkilum avaye nirvachikkunnath nonkovalant, nonadjant edapedalukalude saannidyamaanu. eee nirvachanam poolii (isosainettukal) (saadhaaranayaayi poliyurettheyn ennariyappedunnu), poolii (prolineukal) thudangiya thanmaathrakale ozhivaakkunnu, kaaranam avaa "aduthulla" samayojaneeya edapedalukal kaaranam vishwasaneeyamaayi helisukalaayi madangunnu.folderukalkku oru chalanathmakamaaya madakkal prathikaranamundu, athil valia macroscopic madakkal solvophobic efakttukal (hydrophobic thakarcha) moolamaanu undaakunnath, athesamayam madakkiya foldaamarinte anthima oorjjaavastha nonkovalant edapedalukal moolamaanu. poornnamaayum madakkiyathum thurannathum aaya avasthakal bhaagikamaayi madakkiya avasthayekkaal kooduthal sthirathayullathinaal eee edapedalukal ettavum sthirathayulla moonnaam ghadana roopeekarikkaan sahakaranathode pravartthikkunnu.
madakkal pravachanam.
oru foldaamarinte ghadana palappozhum athinte praadhamika shreniyil ninnu pravachikkaan kazhiyum. eee prakriyayil vividha saahacharyangalil aattomik thalatthil madakkal santhulithaavasthayude chalanathmaka simulationukal ulppedunnu. itharathilulla vishakalanam cheria proteinukalilum prayogikkaamenkilum, computational saankethikavidyaykku ettavum cheria seekvansukalozhike matellaam anukarikkaan kazhiyilla.
vyathyastha thermodynamic, kainatik saahacharyangalil pareekshanaathmakamaayi nirnnayikkappetta priyappetta ghadanayil ninnulla vyathiyaanam alakkunnathiloode oru foldaamarinte madakka paatha nirnnayikkaan kazhiyum. ishtappetta gadanayude nattellu aattomal sthaanathu ninnulla root sharashari square vyathiyaanam kanakkakkiyaanu gadanayile maattam alakkunnathu. vyathyastha saahacharyangalil foldaamarinte ghadana computationalaayi nirnnayikkaanum thudarnnu pareekshanaathmakamaayi parisodhikkaanum kazhiyum. thaapanilayile mattangal, layaka viscosity, marddam, piechu, uppu saandrata ennivayellaam foldaamarinte gadanayekkurichulla vilapetta vivarangal nalkum. madakkalinteyum madakkalinteyum chalanathmakatha alakkunnathu foldamer ghadanayil eee vyathyastha avasthakalude phalangal nireekshikkaan oraale anuvadikkunnu.
layakam palappozhum madakkine swaadheenikkunnu. udaaharanathinu, hydrophobic thakarcha ulppedunna oru madakka paatha oru nonpolaar laayakathil vyathyasthamayi madakkum. vyathyastha layakangal folding paathayude vyathyastha idanilakkaareyum intermolecular nonkovalant edapedalukale adisthaanamaakkiyulla vyathyastha anthima foldamer gadanakaleyum sthirappeduthunnu enna vasthuthayaan eee vyathyaasathin kaaranam.
nonkovalant edapedalukal.
parasparabandhithamallaatha paraspara tanmatra edapedalukal, vyakthigathamayi cheruthaanenkilum, avayude sangraham raasapravarthanangale pradhana reethikalil maattunnu. folderukal roopakalppana cheyyaan rasathanthranjar upayogicha saadhaarana intermolecular fozhsukal chuvade pattikappedutthiyirikku.
saadhaarana designukal.
foldamerukale moonnu vyathyastha vibhagangalaayi tharamthirickunnu peptidometic foldamerukal, nucleotidomimetic foldamerukal, abiotic foldamerukal. proteinukalude ghadanaye anukarikkunna synthetic thanmathrakalaanu peptidometic foldamerukal, athesamayam nucleotidomimetic foldamerukal nucleic aasidukalile edapedalukale adisthaanamaakkiyullathaanu. saadhaaranayaayi prakrithiyil kaanappedaattha sugandha, charge-transfer edapedalukaliloodeyaanu ajaiva folderukal sthireekarikkappedunnathu. chuvade vivarichirikkunna moonnu designukal helical foldamerukal ozhivaakkunna oru foldamarinekkurichulla moorinte karsanamaaya nirvachanathil ninnu vyathichalikkunnu.
peptidometic.
peptidometic foldamerukal palappozhum helical gadanakal sweekarikkunnathinaal foldamerukalude munbu soochippicha nirvachanam lamghikkunnu. avayude roopakalppanayum kazhivukalum kaaranam foldamer gaveshanathinte oru pradhana naazhikakkalline prathinidheekarikkunnu. peptidomemeticsin ettavum valia grouppukalil β-pepttaidukal, γ-pepttaidukal, δ-pepttaidukal, saadhyamaaya monomeric kombineshanukal enniva ulppedunnu. eee pepttaidukalude amino aasidukal onnu (β), rund (γ) allengil moonnu (δ) methylene kaarbanukalaal maathram vyathyaasappettirikkunnu, ennittum gadanaaparamaaya mattangal aazhathilullathaayirunnu. eee pepttaid sequenceukal valareyadhikam padikkappedunnu, kaaranam sequence niyanthranam vishwasaneeyamaaya madakkal pravachanatthilekku nayikkunnu. koodaathe, flanking pepttaid bondukalude carboxylinum amino terminic idayil onniladhikam methylene carbonukal upayogichu, vyathyastha aarr group side cheyinukal roopakalppana cheyyaan kazhiyum. β-pepttaidukalude puthumayude oru udaaharanam reysarinteyum sahapravarthakarudeyum kandethalukalil kaanaan kazhiyum. α-amino aasidukalum sis-bii-aminocyclopropynecars aasidukalum (sis-bii-aaksukal) adangiya heteroligopeptide upayogichu avar oligomarukalil ezhu avashishtangal vare hraswamaayathum anchu avashishtangalil nirvachikkappettathumaya helical seekwansukalude roopeekaranam kandethi; cyclic bii-amino aasidukal adangiya pepttaidukalkk savisheshamaaya oru gunanilavaaram.
nucleotidomimetic.
nucleotidomimetistic saadhaaranayaayi foldaamarukalaayi yogyatha nedunnilla. nirddishtamallaatha reethiyil dna lakshyamidunnathinaayi single dna baseukal, nucleosideukal allengil nucleotideukal anukarikkunnathinaanu mikathum roopakalppana cheythirikkunnathu. cancer virudha, vairal virudha, fungus virudha prayogangal ulppede ivaykku niravadhi vyathyastha aushadha upayogangalundu.
ajaiva.
chalanathmakamaaya madakkal pradarshippikkunnathin roopakalppana cheytha jaiva thanmathrakalaanu abiotic folderukal. avayude roopakalppana anusarichu opttimais cheytha onno athiladhikamo ariyappedunna pradhana intermolecular edapedalukal avar chooshanam cheiyunnu. hydrajan bandhatthiloode chloride polulla ayonukale bandhippikkumbol krameekarikkunna oligopyrolukalaanu oru udaaharanam (chithram kaanuka). oru ayoninte saannidyathilaanu madakkal prerippikkunnath polypirol grouppukalkku allaathapaksham roopeekarana niyanthranam kuravaanu.

