
vishudha barthalomeo, brugerio

italiyile brogeriyoyile ettavum pazhaya edavakayum cathedralumaanu sent barthalomeu () palli. moonnu maanthrikarude avashishtangal ivideyundu. thaarathamyena uyarnna bell gopuramaanu ithinte savisheshatha.
charithram.
aadyakaala varshangal.
1578-1582.
milan bishop pinneedu vishudhanumaaya chaals boromio brogeriyoyil oru edavaka sthaapikkaan theerumaanichappol, avide edavakaye sevikkunnathum vishudha kurbanaykku aathidheyathvam vahikkunnathumaaya oru cheria puraathanavum eathaandu nashichathum vishudheekarikkappedaathu palli addeham kandethi. eee prashnangalkkidayilum, doonn arcajelo biancardic boromio nalkia puthiya sthaapanam sthaapichu. thudakkathil, palliyude estettinte bhaagamaayi kaskina dii baastoni (maria naasant enna prabhaashanathodoppam) polulla kurachu praadeshika phaam houseukal ulppeduthaan addeham aagrahichu. ottaavoyude christophoro, ezz. damiano, saant albino, saant ambrogio, ezz. donatto. oduvil addeham edavakayil ninnu ozhivaakki casina bastoni, casina saant albino, casina saan donatto, casina ezz. damiano. 1582-ll kardinal-aarch bishop orikkalkkoodi palli sandarshikkukayum vishudha barthalomyoovinte bahumaanaartham kettidam prathishtikkukayum cheythu. edavaka purohitan thante vyakthiparavum kettidatthinte aavasyangalum niravettunnathinaayi nalkunna vaarshika phees aavasyamillaathathinaal monsayile vishudha jerardinte sambannamaaya edavakayilninnu verpeduthunnathinekkur akkaalat vyapakamaaya vaadangal uyarnnirunnu. thudarnnu palliyude munvashathukoodi valuthakkaanum adukkala (vishudhagrandhamaayi upayogikkunna) sthithicheyyunna vishudhagrandham nirmmikkanum addeham theerumaanichu. paaraamentukal thookkaan aduppu upayogikkukayum snaapanathin addeham oru prathyeka sthalam nischayikkukayum cheythu.
1582-1613.
edavaka daridramaayirunnu, vishudha chaals thante idaya sandarshanangalil thiricharinja mechappeduthalukalkku dhanasahayam nalkaan athu paadupettu. 1596-ll chaalsinte cussin puthuthayi niyamithanaaya aarch bishop fredericinoppam idaya sandarshanam nadatthi. anugrahikkapetta koodaashayum angeyattatthe abhishekathinu upayogikkunna ennayum oru "thirunivaasathil" aanennu avar kandethi...cheruthum maram kondullathum ". canonical maanadandangalkku anusrithamaayi sabhaykku aavashyamaaya poruthappedutthalukal aavasyamaanennu vilayiruthappettu. kaunsil oof trant nirddeshicha rund athmeeya mathasthaapanangal roopeekarichu "schola dell santissimo sacramento", "schola della dotrina kristtiyaana". ivayil aadyathethu 1578 ll sthaapithamaayathaanu, prathyeka bhakti sanbradaayangalil earppedaan sabhaye prolsaahippikkunnathi ithu srishtichu. maruvashathu "schola della dotrina kristtiyaana" vishwaasikale vishwaasathinte kaaryangalil upadeshikkukayum avare mathavidveshathil ninnu neekkam cheyyukayum cheyyuka ennathaayirunnu. ennirunnaalum, eee kaalayalavile sabhayude ettavum sradheyamaaya sambhavam, moonnu maanthrikarude thirusheshippukale pappa amgeekarichu ennathaanu. eee avashishtangalude bhooribhaagavum 1613-ll federico boromio colonil kaimari. athe varsham meyy 27-nuu edavaka purohithanaaya francesco bernardino paaliyariyoyude melnottatthil bhagika avashishtangal aduthulla vishudha ambrogio palliyil ninnu maatti.
pathonpathaam noottaand.
dii petriyude "chronaca".
1778 muthal 1819 vare edavaka purohithanaayirunna antonio dii petri (allengil petro), moonsa charitrakaaranaaya antonio francesco frisiyude "memori storishe della sittaa dii monsa" enna kruthikalil ninnu prachodanam ulkkond vishudha barthalomy palliyekkurichu oru report ezhuthi. palliyude munbhagam cornisukal, pailastarukal, baandukal ennivayaal alankarichirunnuvennum "gadanaykku thanne anuyojyamaaya" moorchayulla oru pediment gable upayogichirunnuvennum addeham vivarichu. moonnu sthalangaliloode praveshikkaan kazhiyumaayirunnu madhyabhaagathekkulla vishalamaaya praveshana kavaadavum vashangalilekkulla rund cheria praveshana kavaadangalum; oro inputum oru naavin anusrithamaayirunnu. edanaazhikal vashathe mathilukalaal adachirunnu. pradhana vaathilin mukalil central nevilekku velicham nalkunna oru janala undaayirunnu. edanaazhikale moonnu kamanangalaal vibhajichu, eratta doric nirakalaal pinthunaykkunna, oru lintal kondu moodappetta vishalamaaya intercolumention, nirakal prisbittarikk vashathum munvashathum naalu pailastarukalkk mukalilum charinjirikkunnu. pathinezhaam noottaandile vishudha maargarattinte rakthasaakshithvam chithreekarikkunna oru painting ulppede akathu ninnu paintingukalum kandethi. dii petriyil ninnulla eee report boromio sahodaranmaarude vivaranavumayi thaarathamyappeduthumbol ganyamaaya mattangal sthaapichu. nilavile bell gopuravum eee kaalayalavilaanu nirmmichathu.
pathonpathaam noottaandile alankaarangal.
1838 muthal 1878 vare doonn jian andrea nova palli nadathukayum addehathinte melnottatthil giuseppe maroney giuseppe shipathiyum palliyude kalaparamaaya naveekarana pravartthanangal ettedukkukayum cheythu. 1851ll aarch bishop romilliyude idaya sandarshanathinushesham janasamkhyayile vardhanavu pariharikkunnathinayi palli vipuleekarikkaan theerumaanichu. 1854-ll aarkkitekt jiacomo moragliayodu nova nirddeshichu. oru varshathinullil, prisbittari nirmmikkukayum munbhagam punarnirmmikkukayum athupole trampsettinte thaazhathe kaikal nirmmikkukayum cheythu. aadyathe kallu 1854 epril 1 nuu sthaapikkukayum 1855 october 9 aayappozhekkum puthiya palli ganyamaayi poortthiyaakkukayum cheythu. pallikkullile oru phalakam eee sambhavam rekhappeduthunnu. puthiya palliyude rooparekha oru greak cross aayirunnu. puthiya edavaka purohithanaaya giuseppe maroni, ippozhum nilanilkkunna chumarchithrangal varaykkunnathinaayi milanese kalakaaranaaya giovanni waltorta vilichu.
pathonpathaam noottaandinte randaam pakuthiyilum, pithaav maikkal rotty (1884-1894) prisbittari, tornagi oorgan ennivayude vashath palpittukal nirmmichu. koodaathe, pullaankuzhal pailastarukalaal vibhajicha staalukalum gaayakasamghathil sajjeekarichirunnu.
irupathaam noottaandile vipuleekaranam.
pithaav luigi phumagalli (1898-1921) yude melnottatthil enrico mariola nirmmicha chumarchithrangalum aarkkitekt lioo sorteniyude srishtikalum poortthiyaayappol muthal palli athinte roopam nilanirtthiyirunnu. ennirunnaalum, 1937leeii idaya sandarshana velayil edavaka purohithanaaya pithaav giuseppe camagnic (1921-1957) sorteni sammaanicha aarch bishop ildephonso shasttarinte theerumaanathaal ithavana palli vipuleekarikkappettu. sorteni guhakal vare neettiyukondu kettidam vipuleekarikkukayum munbhagam naveekarikkukayum oru puthiya rectory nirmmikkukayum cheythu. eee pravrithikalkku oru varshameduthu, 1939 oktobarode palli prathishtikkappettu. 1940-ll vittoriyo granchi kamaanangalil kooduthal chumarchithrangal varachu.
21-aamm noottaand.
punasthaapanam.
irupathaam noottaandinte randaam pakuthikkushesham, purohithanmaar thanne athinte chumarchithrangalude paripalanavum punarudhaaranavum kaikaaryam cheythu. pithaav franco perlatti (1958-1994) ettavum muthirnnavarude chumatala etteduthu. 1990num 2005num idayil pithaav jiovanni maraviglia (1994-2009) jii. eph. maarkkatto kambanikku chumarchithrangalude poornnamaaya punasthaapanam earppeduthi. 1990-ll, prisbittari, thaazhikakkudam ennivaykkoppam chaappalukal punasthaapichu; 2002-num 2003-num idayil edanaazhikalum traanseptum punasthaapichu, athesamayam 2004-num 2005-num idayil naav punasthaapichu.
vaasthuvidya kalaasrishtikalum.
akathalathil.
vaasthuvidya.
1939 muthal palli oru laattin cross aakruthi avatharippikkunnu. athinte munvashath moonnu vaathilukal vazhi axus cheyyaavunna moonnu guhakalayi ithine thirichirikkunnu. 42 meter neelamulla eee edanaazhikal kettidatthinte moonnu vyathyastha pooyintukalil avasaanikkunnu idathu idanaazhi vishudhamandirathinte praveshana kavaadatthil avasaanikkunnu, naav chansalilekku athunnu, valath idanaazhi oru vathilil avasaanikkunnu. palliyude thekk bhaagath mattu rund praveshana kavaadangalundu. avayil, palliyil pookaan lajjikkunnavarum valare daridrarumaaya aalukalkkaayi neekkivachirunna "sii. eiii. dii siyaat" thakarthathinu sesham nirmmicha bell gopuratthinu thaazheyaan oru praveshana kavaadam sthithicheyyunnathu. sii. eiii. dii siyaat" polikkaan sorteni utharavittu. galleryile nilavaraye pinthunaykkunna corian nirakalaal side edanaazhikalil ninnu naav vibhajikkappettirikkunnu, ithu sorteni roopakalppana cheythathaanu. traansept muthal chaansaluvareyulla pradeshathu oru valia thaazhikakkudam aadhipathyam pulartthunnu. palliyil njangalude lady oof dhaa rosari, sent ennivarkkaayi samarppichirikkunna rund side chaappalukalum undu. joseph. balipeetam addehathinu samarppichirikkunnu, ithu oru vaikia barok kruthiyaanu. uyarthiya prisbitery oru ardhavrithaakrithiyilulla apsil avasaanikkunnu. 
chuvarchithrangal.
1880num 1940num idayilaanu mikka chumarchithrangalum nirmmichathu. jiovanni waltorta nilavarayude chuvarchithram varaykkukayum jananathinteyum nikshepanathinteyum praathinidhyam upayogichu prisbittari vashangal alankarikkukayum cheythu. 1913-ll enrico mariola munbu sorteni nirmmaanathinu sesham polichuneekkiya chila bhagangal alankarichu. vishudhagrandhathinte praveshana kavaadathinu mukalil sthithi cheiyunna ananshyeshan fresco maathramaan innuvare avasheshikkunnath. vittoriyo granchi vishudharudeyum pravachakanmaarudeyum roopangal kondu sorteniyude nilavarakal alankarichu. paarshwabhaagatthe chaappalukalude pinbhaagangalile chuvarchithrangalum addeham varachu.
tornagi avayavam, shilpangal, melaapp.
pallikkullil mattu prathyeka kalaparavum bhakthiparavumaya gadakangal kaanam. 1859ll nirmmicha tornagi oorgan 2010num 2013num idayil punasthaapichu. edavakayile gathaagathatthinte 400-aamm vaarshikathinte velichathil pathinezhaam noottaandile purathana kshethrathinte pakarppil maajiyude avashishtangal sookshichirikkunnu. 1937ll jio pondi aanu sent pondiyude rakthasaakshithvathe chithreekarikkunna glass vindokal nirmmichathu. barthalomius maanthrikarude aaradhanayum. pathinezhaam noottaandileyum irupathaam noottaandileyum thadi prathimakal paarshwabhaagatthe chaappalukal alankarikkunnu. ettavum pazhayath paaduvayile vishudha anthoni chithreekarikkunnu. 1845ll doonn nova kammeeshan cheytha melaappakam saamraajyathva rajakeeya austriyan sarkkaaril ninnu onnaam sthaanam nedi.
puram.
akathalathinte vasthuvidyaa shailiyil ninnu vyathyasthamayi baahya alankaarangal valare lalithamaanu. neoclassical shailiyil moragliayaanu munbhagam nirmmichathu. sorteni nirmmicha chithravumaayulla oreyoru vyathyasam moonnu rajaakkanmaarude adhika paintingaanu. nilavile munvashath ionic pailastarukalude rund varikal adayaalappeduthiyiriknu. gadanayude mukalbhagam oru gable pediment aanu.
palli gopuram.
1751num 1771num idayil milan govarnor kaundu pallavisini jianluka markvis silva nalkia fandukalode nirmmicha oru kettidamayaanu palli gopurathekkurichu kaanon antonio francesco frissy ezhuthiyathu. bell gopuram alankaara bhithiprastharangalaal alankarichirikkunnu. string kozhsukaliloode ghadanaye thirascheenamaayi naalu bhagangalaayi thirichirikkunnu. belfreeyude keezhilulla avasana sectoril 1794ll dii petri vivaricha rund klokkukalundu. belfree mukalile terrous veliyum punarnirmmikkukayum nannaakkukayum cheythu. paasttar dii petriyude kaalath moonnu manikal maathrame undaayirunnulloovenkilum pathonpathaam noottaandil pithaav jiochino faare (1820-1838), jian andrea, giuseppe nova shipatti (1895-1898) ennivar belfree vipuleekarichu. 1836ll anchu manikalum 1838ll aarr manikalum 1897ll ettu manikalum chertthu. yadhaarthathil ashtabhujaakrithiyilulla terresinu oru thaazhikakkudamundaayirunnu; belfreyile maattangalkk sesham aadyathethu parishkkarichu. 1952ll munny muzhakkunnathinulla oru automated samvidaanam sthaapichu.