hindenberg paalam

1918ll pinneedu jarmman presidentaaya feeld marshell pooll voonn hindenberghinte peril jarmman samsthaanamaaya hesseyilum bingan-kempton samsthaanamaaya reinland-paletinettilum ulla rudshaminu mukalilulla oru railway paalamaayirunnu hindenberg paalam. 1915ll nirmmicha eee paalam randaam lokamahaayudhathil nasippikkappedukayum orikkalum punarnirmmikkappedaathirum cheythu.
2002 muthal hindenberg paalatthinte avashishtangal yuneskoyude loka paithruka sthalamaaya upper middle raine thaazhvarayude kizhakke attathaanu.
bingerbruck-rudeshime train ferry.
1861 novemberil thuranna bingerbruck-rudeshime train ferrick munbaayirunnu paalam, ithu nassav stettu reyilveyude nassav raine railway (rhein-nahe railway kambani) nahu-nahe vaali railway (rhein-nahe-aisenban-geselshaft) thammilulla aadya kanakshan undaakki. ithu kaandaamriga-pradhana, saar pradeshangal thammil charakk bandham srishtikkukayum saar kalkariykku oru puthiya vipani thurakkukayum cheythu. 1900 vare charakk ferry vaaganukal vahichirunnu. 1907 juulai vare passenture ferry prussian stettu railwayaanu pravarthippichathu. athinusesham yaathrakkaarkk bingan, bingan-rudashime ferry ennivayilekku tram upayogikkaan kazhinju.
aasoothranavum nirmmanavum.
1900-ll russian house oof representativesile russian pothumaraamathu mantri binganil kaandaamrigathinu mukaliloode oru paalam nirmmikkunnathin anukoolamaayi samsaarichu. russian stettu reyilveyude padanangal thudakkathil bingerbruckil oru sthalathe anukoolichu, kaaranam binger lochinu chuttumulla pravaham (pathinezhaam noottaandil kaandaamrigatthile oru reefiloode srishtikkappettathum pinneedu veethiyundaakkiyathumaaya oru idungiya paathayaya bingan hole) binganil oru paalam asaadhyamaakki. athinaal, nadiyude 900 meter veethiyulla raine kilometer maarkk 525.26 ll raine dweep rudeshime ooyude mukalilekku paalatthinaayi oru sthalam thiranjedutthu. 1913 maarchil railway paalatthinte nirmmaanathinulla fund amgeekarikkunnathuvare oru railway paalam, rooad paalam allengil samyojitha paalam nirmmikkano ennathinekkurichulla charchakal oru pathittaandilereyaayi thudarnnu. eee saahacharyathil sainika aashankakal nirnnayakamaayirunnu. raine railway nahe vaali reyilveyumaayum glan vaali reyilveyumaayum bandhippikkunna oru thantrapradhaana reyilveyaayirunnu puthiya raine paalam, angane franch athirthiyilekku mattoru jarmman sainika railway srishtichu. paalatthinteyum praveshana paathakaludeyum 75 sathamaanathiladhikam jarmman saamrajyam nalki, bakkiyullava pankedukkunna prussia samsthaanangalum graant duchy hesse dhanasahayam nalki. paalatthil ninnu geysenheimilekkulla bandhippikkunna vakram, wiesbadden vareyullavaykku saamraajyathva dhanasahaayathinu arhathayillaayirunnu, kaaranam sainika gathagatham laantal railway upayogichu oberlansteenil ninnulla rainine pinthudarumennu thonnunnu. kaandaamrigathinu kuruke samanamaaya rund railway paalangalum nirmmichathu kooduthalum sainika kaaranangalal aannu attu armitts, rimajan leeii ludendorff paalam.
1913 juunil aarambhicha hindenberg paalatthinte nirmmaanam 1915 august august udghaadanam cheyyappettu. nirmmaanatthinte thudakkathil niravadhi videsha thozhilaallikal, kooduthalum itaaliyan thozhilaallikal, eee joliyil earppettirunnu. onnaam lokamahaayudhathinte thudakkathil nirmmaanatthinte oru cheria thadassathinu sesham russian yudhathadavukaare upayogichukondu pravartthanangal thudarnnu.
motham 1,175 meter neelamulla eee paalatthil pradhana 741 meter neelamulla urukk paalatthinte iruvashathum rund settu kamanangal undaayirunnu. urukk vibhaagathil rund kamaanangalum samanthara trasukalude anchu spaanukalum ulppedunnu, trackukal thaazhathe trasukalil gadippichirikkunnu. urukk kamaanangalkk oronninum 169.4 meter neelavum asaadhaaranamaaya uyaravumundaayirunnu. truss spaanukalilonnin 94.2 meterum mattu naalinum 77.2 meterum neelamundaayirunnu. eratta track paalathinu motham 12 meter veethiyundaayirunnu, athil 7 meter reyil tracukalkkaayi upayogichirunnu. iruvashathum oru nadappaatha undaayirunnu.
paalavum bandhippikkunna lainukalum chernnu motham 11 kilometer eratta track pradhana lineukal ulppedunnu. vadakku, valath raine reyilveyumaayi bandhippikkunna rund valavukalumaayi paalam bandhippichirikkunnu. kaandaamrigatthinte thekk (idathuvashathu), bingerbruck-baad cruyasnatch lainile budesheem muthal saarsheem vare eee rekha thekk thudarnnu. ookkenheim steshanile mains-baad crusenatch lainumaayi bandhippichirikkunna mattoru vakram. 1944ll, randaam lokamahaayudhasamayathu, ookkenheim steshanil ninnu binganilekkulla idathu raine lainil single track branch line vare mattoru kanakshan karvu nirmmichu. paalam nasippikkappettaalum line upayogikkaan kazhiyunnathakkaan uddeshichullathaayirunnu eee vakrarekha.
pravartthanangal.
onnaam lokamahaayudhakaalathu padinjaaran munnaniyile jarmman sainikarude vitharanathinayi mathramaayirunnu eee paalam upayogichirunnathu. yudhaanantharam, kaandaamrigatthinte idathu theeravum wiesbadden bridgehead franch sainyam kaivashappedutthi. adhinivesha seena paalam pidichedukkukayum vandikalum kaarukalum upayogikkaan anuvadikkunnathinaayi athu parivartthanam cheyyukayum cheythu. koodaathe, eee paalam sainika trainukalum 1919 avasaanam muthal raathriyilum cheria thothilum sivilian charakk trainukalum upayogichirunnu. 1920 october muthal eee paalam jarmman siviliyanmaarkk upayogikkaan labhyamaayirunnu, uyarnna bridge toll (1923 ll uyarnna panapperuppam avasaanichathinu sesham naalu maarkk) nalki, ithu praadeshika bisinesses samoohathil ninnu varshangalude prathishedhatthinu kaaranamaayi.
adhinivesha sainikar pinmariyathinushesham, 1930 joolaiyil dushe reachsban (jarmman stettu railway) veendum paalathinu mukaliloode passenture reyil sarveesukal etteduthu. 1938 venalkkaalath pathinonnu pravrithidivasa yaathraasamayangalum 15 njaayarazhchakalilum pradhaanamaayum wiesbadden-baad mansttar aam steyin roottil sarvees nadatthi. randaam lokamahaayudhasamayathu, rund raine lainukalile thadassangal marikadakkaan eee paalam upayogichirunnu.
nasham.
1942 august muthal niravadhi vyomaakramanangalude lakshyamayirunnu eee paalam. 1945 januvari januvari paalatthinte spaanukal nasippikkappettu. american sayudha senayude munnettatthe thadassappeduthunnathinayi 1945 march 15 nuu vermaakttinte payaniyarmaaraan hindenberg paalatthinte anthima nasham nadathiyathu.
1945-leeii venalkkaalath, paalatthinte avashishtangal kaandaamrigatthinte pradhana naavigeshan chanalil ninnu neekkam cheyyukayum 1948-ll nadeetheerathe paalatthinte uparithalam polichumaattukayum cheythu. 1950 vare paalatthinte punarnirmmaanam charcha cheyyappettirunnu. dushe bundesban (jarmman federal railway) yude munganana mainsile chakravarty paalam punarnirmmikkuka ennathaayirunnu, 1954 muthal kaandaamrigathinu mukalilulla mattoru paalatthil athinu thaalpparyamundaayirunnil. 1970ll rooad suraksha mechappeduthunnathinaayi eee pradeshangal polichuneekki. paalam punarnirmmikkanulla saadhyathayekkurich idaykkide charcha cheiyunnundu.

