
ayann hill (delaware)

amerikkayile delawareile newarkinu sameepamulla oru pradhana bhoomishaasthra savisheshathayaanu irumbu kunnu. bhooprakrithiyude praadhaanyamulla ithu delawareile ettavum pradhanappetta kunnaanu. ennirunnaalum, athinte ettavum uyarnna uyaram ardhamaakkunnathu ithu samsthaanathe ettavum uyarnna sthalamalla, ithu sentarvilleykaduthu peedmond peedabhoomi mekhalayil sthithicheyyunnu, avide ebrait asimuthilaanu ettavum uyarnna uyaram kaivarikkunnath. 18, 19 noottaandukalil 200 varshathilereyaayi khananam cheytha irumbu nikshepangalude perilaanu eee kunnu ariyappedunnathu. ayann hill paarkk ennariyappedunna puthiya kaasil kaundi paarkkinte bhaagamaanith.
sthalam.
pencader nooril newarkinu thekk bhagathaayi sthithi cheiyunna irumbu kunnu, antharsamsthaana 95 nuu thekkum delaware root 896 nuu padinjaarum sthithicheyyunnu. ayalrajyamaaya chestnut kunnum grays kunnum (merilaandile athirthikkappurathu) ulppede bhoomishaasthraparamaayi samanamaaya moonnu kodumudikalil ettavum kizhakkum uyaravumullathaan ithu.
bhoomishaasthram.
irumbu kunnum rund ayal kunnukalum vellachaattarekhaykku kizhakkayi, thaarathamyena paranna atlaantik theerapradeshathaal chuttappettathum, purambhaagathulla peedmond outcropingukalumaanu. pradhaanamaayum plagioclase, pyroxinukal, olivain enniva chernna parukkan irunda niramullathumaaya paarayaya "irumbu kunnin gabbro" yude agni nuzhanjukayattangalaan kunnukal. hemattait, goittait, limonite ennivayude roopathil ganyamaaya irumbu ooksaid nikshepam eee paarayil adangiyirikkunnu, ithu charitraparamaaya irumbu khanana pravarthanatthinu adithara paakunnu. eee pradeshathe charitraatheethakaala nivaasikal upakarana nirmmaanathinaayi upayogichirunna jasper nilavilundu. 
kanthika swaadheenam.
irumbu kunninullil jasper paarayile irumbu ooksaidukal moolamundaakunna cheria kanthika prabhavam compass readingukalil krithyathayillaaymakalkku kaaranamakum.
charithram.
ambadayaalangalum mattu kallu upakaranangalum nirmmikkunnathinayi thaddesheeya amerikkakkar irumbu kunnil ninnu jasper khananam cheytha charitraatheetha kaalathaanu eee pradeshathe manushya pravartthanangal aarambhikkunnath. 1670-ll augustin hermaante virjeeniayudeyum merilaandinteyum bhoopadatthil "yoon hill" ennu label cheythaanu eee sthalam aadyamaayi paraamarshichathu. 1701ll, velsile mathaparamaya peedanangalil ninnu palayanam cheiyunna oru koottam kudiyettakkaarkku vilyam penn nalkia velsh trackle eee kunnu ulppeduthi. velsh kudiyettakkaarkku irumbupanikal, khanana saankethikavidyakal enniva parichithamaayirunnu, taamasiyaathe irumbu kunnil thuranna kuzhikalulla khanana pravartthanangal aarambhichu.
viplava yudhasamayathu, 1777 septambaril irumbu kunnum chuttumulla pradeshavum koochu paalatthinte yudhathinte (irumbu kunninte yuddham ennum ariyappedunnu) sthalamaayirunnu. yudhathinu munbu shatru sainikarude chalanagal nireekshikkaan jorjju washington kunnin mukalilekku kayari, athu vananaseekaranam kaaranam akkaalat saadhyamaayirunnu; thudarnnulla punarvikasanam kodumudiyil ninnulla kaazhchaye avyakthamakki.
pathonpathaam noottaandinte avasaanam vare irumbu kunnile khananam thudarnnu, ennirunnaalum thaazhnna grade ayiru verthirichedukkunnathu laabhakaramallenn theliyikkukayum pala samrambhangalum paapparatthatthil avasaanikkukayum cheythu. irumbu kunnile avasana khanana pravartthanam nadathiyathu jeey.pii. vaittekkar, urukunnathinaayi merilaandile principio choolayilekku ayachu. aafrikkan-american khani thozhilaallikalum avarude pingaamikalum eee pradeshathu thudarnnum thaamasichu, 1923-ll piyari ezz. ayann hill school nambar nirmmaanathinu duu pondu dhanasahayam nalki. 112sii eee janasamkhyaye sevikkaan. 1965ll delaware public schoolukal verthirikkappedunnathuvar eee school pravarthichirunnu, ippol ayann hill museum undu. kunninte bhooribhaagavum ippol oru vanapradesamaaya vinoda mekhalayaanu, irumbu kunnin paarkk.

