
pooraattatthinte falaprapti

oru ooppareshan, dauthyam allengil lakshyam enniva ettedukkunnathil vijayikkunnathinulla oru sainika senayude seshiyo prakadanamo aanu poratta falaprapti. karaa, vaayu, kadal ennividangalil vinyasikkapetta sayudha senayil ettavum mikacha poratta falaprapti nirnnayikkunnath nirnaayakamaan. yuddha falaprapti sainika falapraapthiyude oru vashamaan, logistics, aayudangalum upakaranangalum, sainika thanthrangalum, sainikarude maanasikavastha, nethaakkalude swaadheena nilavaaram, desheeyathayil ninnu athijeevanathilekku uyarnnuvaraan kazhiyunna naipunyavum prachodanavum ennivayulppede yuddha pinthunayude shakthikk kaaranamaayekkam.
alavukal.
manushyashakthi, sainika thanthram thudangiya gadakangalumaayi bandhappett oru poratta anthareekshathile "vijayasadhyatha" yill shradha kendreekarichukondu philipp hayward poratta falapraapthikkaayi oru nadapadi nirddeshikkunnu. yuddha falaprapthy oru yadhaarthavum thudarchayumaaya pravartthanamaayi prathinidheekarikkam, formula _ 1, formula _ 2, formula _ 3 enniva rund vyathyastha sainika yoonittukalaan. moonnu pradhana gadakangalkkethire addeham eee nadapadi vishakalanam cheiyunnu kazhivukal-sauhruda, shathrushakthikalude manushya, bhauthika vibhavangalude gunanilavaaravum alavum; paristhithi-kaalaavasthayum bhoopradesavum; lakshyathilethunnathinu chelavu kuraykkumbol nirddishta lakshyathilum ettavum puthiya samayathum nilanirthaanulla dauthyam-pradesham. formula 2 ennathu souhrudashakthikalude kazhivukalum formula 7 ennathu mattu gadakangalum formula 8 ennathu yudhathil sambhavikkunna saahacharya formula 7-nte saadhyathayumaanu.
sainika unitukalkku akramanam nadathaanulla avasarangalumayi bandhappett "mettaa-network praathinidhyam" sameepanam upayogikkunna yangwu leeyum taisic leeyum chernnaanu poratta falapraapthikkulla mattoru alavu vikasippicheduthath. shathrukkalude maranasamkhya yudhathile vijayathinte pradhana soochakangalilonnaanu, vietnaam, corian yudhangalil yunaittad stetts sainyam ithu upayogichu. liie, liie ennivarude abhipraayathil, network modalil shathrushakthikalumaayi rund tharam nerittulla edapedalukalundu otappetta aakramanangalum ekopitha aakramanangalum. formula 10 umm formula 11 umm rund frondly fozhsu yoonittukalaayum formula 12 oru shatru unitaayum ayirikkatte. formula 10 num formula 12 num edayilulla oru otappetta aakramanathil, formula 10 formula 12-ll kandethunnathinum munnott pookunnathinumulla utharavaaditham nirvahikkanam. maruvashathu, formula 10-nuu sheshi illenkiloo formula 12 kandethanulla avasthayilallengilo formula 12-neey formula 10-lake thirichariyaan formula 11-neey anuvadikkunnu. formula 10 formula 12-ll earppedaan kazhiyumenkil, formula 10 rund sauhruda sakthikal thammilulla oorganaiseshaniloode akramanam nadathiyekkaam. kooduthal sankeernamaaya poratta saahacharyangalil eee shringalakal kooduthal poratta unitukal, lokkeshanukal, kazhivukal, pravartthanangal enniva ulppeduthunnathinaayi vikasippikkumennu leeyum leeyum parayunnu, ennaal adisthaana ghadana ottappettatho ekopithamo aaya aakramana gadanayaanu. network valuthayathinaal, aakramanathmakamaaya nadapadikalkkulla avasarangal labhyamakaanulla saadhyatha kooduthalaanu.
maanasika gadakangal.
sainikar thammilulla bandhangalude aikyam yudhathile avarude prakadanatthe baadikkukayum pothuvaaya lakshyangal saakshaathkarikkaan avare sahayikkukayum cheyyum. aikyam prachodanavumaayi bandhappettirikkunnu, oru group kooduthal prachodanam nedumbol kooduthal shakthamaakunnu. vilyam hendezhson thante kruthiyil ezhuthiyathupole, "aikyam pooraattatthile manushya ghadakam": oru cheria yoonit athinte amgangalkkidayil valiyathinekkaal sakthamaaya bandhangal srishtikkunnu, avayude parasparapravartthanathinte aavruthi koodumbol, bandham kooduthal sakthamaakum. avar thammilulla gadanaaparamaaya bandhangaliloode sainikar avarude grouppukal thammilulla vyathyaasathekkurich bodhavaanmaaraakunnu.
yudhasamayathu, bhakshanam, vaidyasahaayam, saankethika upakaranangal ennivayulppedeyulla vibhavangalum vitharanavum parimithamaayirikkam, ithu oru sainika yoonittinte prathirodhasheshiye badhikkum. mathiyaya alavilulla vibhavangal labhyamakunnathinoppam, saamoohika aavashyangalude mathiyaya poorttheekaranam budhimuttukalkkidayile athijeevanathe sahayikkunnu. kudumbatthinteyo veettil ninnulla mattu swaadheenangaludeyo abhaavathil sainikar avarude samapraayakkaarilekk maanasika pinthunaykkaayi thiriyunnuvennum yoonit kooduthal yojichupokumbol, athinte amgangal avarude lakshyangal nilanirthunnathinum mechappeduthunnathinum kooduthal sramam nadathunnundennum hendezhson parayunnu. johann emm.samaprayakkaaril ninnulla aashwaasathinteyum avarude pankitta kashtappaadukalekkurichu daaranayudeyum aavasyakathayil ninnu roopappetta souhrudathiloode poraattam sahikkaan avarkk kooduthal eluppamaanennu jii vaan derr dennen parayunnu. athijeevanam ulppedeyulla vyakthiparamaaya kaaranangalal sainikar poraattam sahichekkaam, ithu mikka saahacharyangalilum avarude grouppinte athijeevanathil ninnu labikkukayum athil ninnu saamoohikamaayi ozhivaakkappedumenna bhayam group sahakaranathinulla avarude prachodanatthe uthejippikkukayum cheyyum.
chila sainikarkk avarude sevanakaalam avasaanikkunnathin munbu sivilian jeevithathilekku madangunnathinulla avarude chumathalakalo utharavaadithangalo upekshikkaanulla aagraham anubhavappedaamennu hendezhson parayunnu-cheria anantharafalangalo neriya shikshayo upayogichu sevanathil ninnu rakshappedaan vazhikalundenkil, oru sainikante avarude unitinodulla bhakti kurayiyekkaam. yuddham cheyyaan thayyaaraakaatha sainikar uparodhathinte anantharafalangal neridendivannekkaam, apoorva saahacharyangalil britiish sainika amgangal, lans corporal glentan, flaitt lefttanant kendall-smith ennivarude cases polulla vinyasikkaan visammathichathin avare vichaarana cheiyunnu, afgaanisthaanilum iraakhilum avarude vinyaasathilekku madangaan visammathichathin avar shikshikkappedukayum jayil shiksha anubhavikkukayum cheythu.
oru yoonittinte manoveeryam, prachodanam enniva poratta saahacharyangalil avarkk aavashyamaaya nettam nalkum. avarude poraattashakthi ennathil shakthamallengil eee liverage prayojanakaramaanu. oru sainyam uyarthippidikkunna moolyangalude sanbradaayathinu manoveeryam vardhippikkaanum prachodanam mechappeduthaanum kazhiyumennu sergio kattignani abhipraayappedunnu. udaaharanathinu, israeli prathirodha seena "utharavaaditham", "vishwaasyatha", "professionalism", "dauthyabodham" ennivayude moolyangal uyarthippidikkukayaanu lakshyamidunnathu."oru sainikan avarude sainika sevanathinte thudakkathil edukkunna sathyaprathinjayiloode avarude yoonittukalude aikyavum manobhaavavum shakthippeduthunnathin avar oonnal nalkunnu. 1948leeii arab-israel yuddham nadanna jarusalemile padinjaaran mathil polulla charitraparamaayi pradhanappetta sthalangalil muun sakhaakkalude nettangal shakthippeduthunnathinaayi chila brigedukalkku prathijnjayedukkunnu. pettennullatho aaghaathakaramaayatho aaya nashtangal manoveeryam apakadathilaakkiyekkaamenna leonard weinstein parayunnu. peerankikal, khanikal thudangiya swantham aayudangal moolam naashanashtangal sambhavicha oru sainika senayile vyakthikal eee nashtangalil ulppettekkaam. oru commanderude maranam avarude yoonittine valia thothil baadhichekkaam, kaaranam avar nayikkaan aasrayikkunnu. urakkakkurav, bhayam, sammarddam enniva moolamundaakunna ksheenam polulla vyakthigatha thalatthilulla gadakangalaal manoveeryam durbalappedutthaam.
saankethika vaidagdhyam.
thokkukal, thanthrangal, ashayavinimayam enniva upayogikkunnathile kazhivu polulla oru sainikante kazhivukal oru dauthyam poortthiyaakkunnathinulla avarude vijaythe badhikkum, ithu kirsttin jeey vivarikkunnu. echu. yudhathil phalapradam sainikarude poratta falaprapti sangalppikkuka" ennathile brathwaita yuddha unitukal thammilulla aashayavinimayathinte gunanilavaaram dauthyam ethratholam samghadithamaayirikkum ennathinte nirnnaayakamaan, athesamayam aayudangal kaikaaryam cheiyunnathum upayogikkunna thanthrangalum douthyathinte nirvvahanathe nirnnayikkunnu.
onnaam lokamahaayudhathile australian, nyoosiland armi corpsil (ansac) vividha thalatthilulla pariseelanamulla sainikarude oru misritham ulppettirunnu. onnaam australian divisionil, divishante 15 sathamaanam pathonpathu muthal irupathu vayassuvareyulla sainikaraan, 27 sathamaanam munbu sevanamanushtichittundu, 41 sathamaanam perkku munkaala sainika parichayamilla. 1915 februvariyil onnaam australian division egypthilaayirunnu, brigade vyaayamangalil earppedukayum bataaliyan sainyathilekku maarukayum cheythu. athesamayam, randaam australian, nyoosiland division marching, entranching ennivayulppedeyulla division level vyaayamangal parisheelichu. corps thalatthilulla vyaayaamangalo samyojitha aayudha pariseelanamo iruvibhaagavum etteduthittilla. aansaakkukal naavika vedivayppu naipunyathode upayogikkukayo sandeshangal naipunyathode ashayavinimayam nadathukayo cheythilla. randaam lokamahaayudhasamayathu malayal ettaam australian division indiaykkum brittanumaayi chernnu japanese senaykkethire poraadi. ettaam australian divishante aasthaanam kadinamaaya kaattupradesangalkkaayi thayyaredukkaan thangalude sainikare parisheelippikkunnathinu nirddeshangal purappeduvichu, sainikarkk avarude akramanangal ekopippikkaanum patrollingilum garilla thanthrangal upayogikkaanum munkaiyedukkaanum ethiraaliyude nuzhanjukayatta thanthrangalumaayi poruthappedaanum kazhinju.
thanthrangal.
phalapradamaaya sainika thanthrangalil vividha tharatthilulla bhoopradeshangal, shatru, chuttumulla apakadangal, sainikarude shaareerika avasthakal enniva pariganikkunnu. oru sainika padhathi nadappilaakkunnathinte chumatalayilulla commanderk shathruvinte prathikaranangal polulla maarikkondirikkunna saahacharyangalumayi poruthappedaan kazhiyum enna ardhathil phalapradamaaya thanthrangal poruthappeduthaavunnathum vazhakkamullathumaan.
purathana thanthrangal.
aadyathe punic yudhathilum vyathyasthamaaya sainika roopeekaranathilum athiraalikalaaya sainyangalekkal nettam nedunnathinaayi 40,000 sainikare vare vyaapippikkaan romakkar keezhadakkiya bhoomi upayogichu. eee roopeekaranathil munnilum pinnilum sthithicheyyunna bhaarameriyathum bharam kuranjathumaaya kaalaalppada ulppedunnu, oro yoonittum avarude munbilulla varii kondu moodappetta oru vidavu kondu verthirikkappedunnu, koodaathe munnirakkar aakramanathinte aaghaatham etteduthu. avarude muun lineukal parajayappettaal maathrame pinn lainine sahayikkaan vilichirunnulloo. munnirakkaarkk pinbhaagathu pinvanganum avare chumatala ettedukkaanum ooppan oordar formation upayogikkaam. purathana chainayil, raajyathinte bhoomishaasthraparamaaya bhooprakrithi sainyangal yudhangal nadatthiya reethiye swaadheenichu. bhoomi vibhajicha nadikalum parvathanirakalum nagarangaleyo pattanangaleyo samrakshikkaan upayogikkaam. thaazhvarakalude bhoopradesam valia uyarangalil pathiyirunnu akramanam nadathunna sainikare thaazhekku kadannupokunna sainyangalkk nere valia kallukal uruttaan anuvadichu. padinjaaran zoo raajavamshathinte kaalath, oru sainyathin 500 vare yuddha rathangal anuvadichirunnu. yudhathil earppettirunna samsthaanangalude kaalaghattatthile sainika thanthrathil shradha kendreekarichu radhayudhathe marikadannu. atharam thanthrangalil yudhathinte edayilulla vanjanayum thanthrangalum allengil ashayakkuzhappavum ulppedunnu.
aadhunika thanthrangal.
onnaam lokamahaayudhasamayathu, britiish thanthrangalil samkshiptha lakshyangal, valia alavil peerankikal, vaathakam, trunch mortaarukal, aashayavinimayathinayi wireless signalukal enniva ulppedunna upakaranangal enniva ulppettirunnu. onpathaam (scotish) divisionil loose yudhasamayathu, naalu battaaliyanukale moonnu vibhagangalaayi vibhajichu, onnu mattonnin munnil, oro battaliyanum ore formationil mattonn undaayirunnu. varikalude staanderd leauttil kuranjathu aarr purushanmaarengilum ulppettirunnu, sommi yuddham polulla yudhathile mikka yudhangalilum eee roopeekaranam sweekarichu. onnaam lokamahaayudhathil, saadhaaranayaayi raathriyil rahasyamaayi sookshikkunnathinaayi shathruvin nere apratheekshitha akramanangal nadathunna trunch raiding vikasippicheduthu. sainikar kuzhikaliloode laghuvaayathum rahasyavumaaya thanthrangalkk sajjaraayirunnu, koodaathe saadhaaranayaayi bionettukal, trench kathikal, veettil nirmmicha clubbukal, pichala nakhangal enniva sajjeekarichirunnu. shatru kuzhikal surakshithamaakunnathuvare shathrukkale kazhiyunnathra nishabdamaayi unmoolanam cheyyuka ennathaayirunnu reydukalude pradhana uddeshyam.
aadhunika samvidaanathil" vaidagdhyam nedukayum upayogikkukayum cheiyunnathu kooduthal yudhakkala prakadanamundaakkumennu steefan biddle vaadikkunnu. aadhunika sainika thozhil sanbradaayathil thanthraparamaaya thalatthilum (cover aandu maraykkal, dispersion aandu small-yoonit indipendant manverse, adichamarthal, aayudha tharangalude samyojanam) pravartthana thalatthilum (aazham, karuthal shekharam, deferential concentration) parasparabandhithamaya saankethikavidyakal ulppedunnu. uyarnna sainika sheshikal kaivasham vaykkunnathu yudhakkalathil nettamundaakkunnuvennu biddle nirasikkunnu, vinyasicha thanthrangal polulla bhouthikamallaatha variableukal kaaranamaan yuddha falaprapti valia thothil undaakunnathenn vaadikkunnu.
neethrthwam.
phalapradamaaya nethaakkal command shringalaye shakthippeduthukayum prathyekichu yudhakkalathilum parisheelanatthilum uyarnna sammarddamulla anthareekshathil aavashyamaaya vegathilulla theerumaanamedukkal kazhivukal kaivasham vaykkukayum venam. phalapradamaaya sainika neethrthwam nethaakkalkku avarude sainikarude bhauthika kshemam polulla parigananakal nilanirthendathundu, avar thadassangal marikadannu avarude shakti upayogikkumennu prathekshikkunnu. vishudha roman saamraajyathva senayile amgamaaya geraat baari 1634 leeii oru sainika maanuvalil oru commanderude chila savisheshathakalil vipulamaaya sainika anubhavam, dhairyam, vaidagdhyam, adikaaram, sahanubhooti enniva ulppedunnuvennu prasthaavikkunnu.
onnaam lokamahaayudhasamayathu, 1916-ll royal airish raifilukalkku nereyundaaya jarmman raidle rund britiish plaatoonukal thammilulla vyathyasam jarmman intelligence shradhichu, athil oru plattan mattethinekkaal mikacha prakadanam kaazhchavachu. britiish officer lefttanant hill nayicha mikacha plaattoonine thudarnnum poraadaan prerippichappol neethrthwam kuranjirunna mattu plattan keezhadangi. 1914ll vilyam tyrel enna medical officer, thangalude officerkku maanasika thakarcha anubhavapettathin sesham niravadhi sainikarkk maanasika thakarcha anubhavappettathayi abhiprayappettu. randaam lokamahaayudhathil general jorjju sii. marshell yuu thayyarakki.ezz. sainyathinte samghadanaaparamaaya vasham kaikaaryam cheythukondu avarude anubandha sthaapanangalumaayulla sainyathinte bandham mechappeduthukayum athinte samghadanaaparamaaya karyakshamatha mechappeduthukayum cheythukondu aadhunika yudhathinulla sainyam. 1642-leeii engleesh aabhyantharayudhasamayathu, cromwell, fairfax, lambert thudangiya sainika nethaakkalkku avarude neethrthwathil aathmavishwaasamullavarum yudhathinu valareyadhikam prachodanam nalkukayum thayyarakukayum cheytha avarude sainikarude mail dhaarmika adikaaram undaayirunnu. 1648 aayappozhekkum puthiya maathrukaa sainyathin uyarnna yuddha falapraptiyum sainika vaidagdhyavum undaayirunnu.
logistics agnishakthiyum.
purathana.
purathana kaalath, manushyarkkum mrugangalkkum bhakshanavum vellavum ulppedeyulla upabhogavasthukkalude mathiyaya vitharanam thanthraparamaayum thanthraparamaayum sainika vijayathinte adisthaana vashamaayi kanakkaakkappettirunnu. mathiyaya vitharanam oru sainyathinte manoveeryam, porattasheshi ennivaye pinthunaykkumennu donald engal abhipraayappedunnu. munkaala sainikaril paakk mrugangal vahichirunna bhaarathinu parimithikalundaayirunnu. mrugathinte tharavum athinte yaathraanirakkum, prachaaranatthiludaneelam mrugathinu sanjarikkaan aavashyamaaya samayam, vahikkenda bharam, kaalavastha, bhoopradesam ennivaye aashrayich parimithikal vyathyaasappedunnu. parikkukal moolam nashtappedaathirikkaanum amithamaayi jolie cheyyaathirikkaanum mrugathinte iruvashathum bharam thulyamaayi vitharanam cheyyendathundu. koodaathe, manushyarkkum mrugangalkkum bhakshanam athikkendathundu, avarkk vendathra bhakshanam nalkiyillengil, jolikal kaaryakshamamayum kaaryakshamamayum nirvahikkaan avar paadupedum.  greasileyum romileyum peerankikaludeyum aayudhangaludeyum kaaryatthil, bii. sii. 70 muthal eiii. dii. 15 vareyulla kaalaghattatthil saankethikamaayi purogathiyillaathavarkke pooraadumbool uparodha gopurangal, uparodha enchinukal, aattukottan, eriyal yanthrangal thudangiya vishalamaaya yuddha yanthrangal sainyathin prayojanakaramaayirunnu. uparodhangalil mathramalla, thuranna yudhakkalangalilum kaalaalppadayude pinthunaa aayudhangalilum upayogichirunna upayogapradavum vaividyamaarnnathumaaya upakaranangalayi eriyunna yanthrangal. kattapulttum carobolistayum ulppede rund perr adangunna samgham pravarthippikkunna tortion mesheenaaya baalistayaanu eriyunna yanthrangalil ulppedunnathu.
aadhunika.
19-aamm noottaandum 20-aamm noottaandum.
pathonpathaam noottaandinte thudakkathil, pothuve upayogichirunna aayudangalil valia sheshiyulla aayudangal, breach loading peerankikal, thokkukal, neeravi upayogichu pravartthikkunna kavachitha yudhakkappalukal enniva ulppedunnu. america, france thudangiya paashchaathya raajyangalkk gathagatham, vedikkoppukal, bhakshya vitharanam, mattu vibhavangal enniva vyaavasaayika viplavathinu munbulla kaalaghattathekkaal eluppathil ulppaadippikkaan kazhinju. 19-aamm noottaandilum 20-aamm noottaandilum radio, television, uyarnna prakadanamulla computer samvidaanangal, telephonukal ennivayude roopangalil mechappetta ashayavinimaya marggangal avatharippikkappettu. yudhakkalathil upayogikkunna pradhana ashayavinimaya reethikalil onnaayirunnu radio ashayavinimayam. onnaam lokamahaayudhathil jarmman, japanese, itaaliyan senakalude radio ashayavinimayangal decode cheyyaan coode breakermark kazhinjappol ithu sakhyakakshikalude vijayathin oru gadakamaayi maari. sainikarudeyum yudhopakaranangaludeyum ennam athivegam vardhichathode irupathaam noottaand muthal vedivayppu shakti vardhichu. american aabhyantharayudhasamayathu, oru kaalaalppada vibhaagathil 24 peerankikalulla 5,000 sainikarundaayirunnu, randaam lokamahaayudhathode oru american vibhaagathil 328 peerankikalulla 15,000 sainikar undaayirunnappol eee ennam vardhichu. 1918ll padinjaaran munnaniyil sakhyasenayude peerankikal shathrukkalude prathirodhatthe adichamarthunna oru pradhana aayudhamaayi maari. eriyal photographic reconnaisance, flash-spotting, soundu-ranching enniva mechappetta taargett ettedukkal, mapp-shooting pravachikkaan kazhiyum. kaattinte vegatha, kaattinte disha, eerppam, thaapanila thudangiya kaalaavasthayude gadakangale paraamarshichu oro ayudhavum vyakthigathamayi kaalibrett cheyyaan kazhiyumennathinaal oro thokkinteyum pravartthana charithratthinte paripaalanathinu mechappetta krithyatha undaayirunnu.
21-aamm noottaand.
yunaittad stetsil, support vaahanangalile mechappeduthalukalum shippinginulla packaging yuu. esinte kooduthal chalanaseshi anuvadichu.ezz. sakthikal. iraakh yudhasamayathu, radio freekwansi identification taagukal (rfid) paakkejukalkkum sistangalkkumaayi savisheshamaaya kodukal nalkukayum cheria radio traanspondarukalil gadippikkukayum cheythu. lokamembaadumulla oonlain daattaabesukalude vegathilulla apdettukalkku taagukal anuvadichu.  sainikare varunna vediyundakalil ninnum spodanangalil ninnulla kedupaadukalil ninnum samrakshikkunnathinaayi kavachitha unifomukalum sainika robottukalum vikasippicheduthittundu, ithu rahasyaanveshanathinum bomb nirveeryamaakkunnathinum sahayikkunnu.
aabhyanthara rashtreeya gadakangal.
aabhyanthara rashtreeya gadakangal sainika samghadanakalude kazhivukal, aikyam, ichhaashakthi, samghadanaa gadanakal ennivaye shakthamayi baadikkunnuvennum avayude poratta falapraapthiyil prathyaaghaathangal undaakkunnuvennum niravadhi pandithanmaar abhipraayappettittund. sainika sheshikal poratta falapraapthiyude pradhana nirnnayaka gadakamalla ennathaanu eee scholarshippinte ardham. 2010leeii oru padanatthil, adhikaarathinte saambathika vikasanam (oru soochakam) yudhathile vijayathinte sakthamaaya pravachanamaanennum "janadhipathyam, paashchaathya samskaaram, uyarnna thalatthilulla manushya mooladhanam, souhaarddaparamaaya sivil-sainika bandhangal" thudangiya gadakangal anantharafalangalennum maikkal beckley eee scholarship munnott kondupoyi.
sivil-sainika bandhangal.
prathikoola sivil-sainika bandhangal mosham thanthraparamaaya vilayiruthalukalilekku nayikkukayum yudhakkalathile vazhakkatheyum athijeevanakshamathayeyum durbalappeduthukayum cheiyunnathinaal sivil-sainika bandhangal poratta falaprapthy roopappeduthiyekkaam. bharanakoodangal attimarikalude saadhyathakalekkurich aashankaakularaakumbol, attimariyude apakadasaadhyatha kuraykkunnathinaayi ("attimari-proofing" vazhi) sainika samghadanakal nirmmikkappedaam, pakshe ithu aaa sainika samghadanakalude parambaraagatha sainika kazhivukale parimithappedutthunnu.
sainika asamathvam.
jayson lailinte gaveshanamanusarichu, samsthaanathinte sainyam ulppedunna vamseeya vibhaagangalodulla samsthaana vivechanam sainyathinte yudhakkala prakadanatthe prathikoolamaayi badhikkunnu. vamseeya vibhagangal paarshwalkkarikkappeduka adichamarthappedukayo cheiyunna samoohangalil, sainikarkk pothuvaaya oru pothu lakshyathil vishwaasamillaaymayum kuranja vishwaasavum undakumennathinaal sainyangal oresamayam aikyavum poratta shakthiyum nedaan paadupedunnu. oru samsthaanathinte yudhaananthara vamseeya adichamarthalum paarshwavalkkaranavum kooduthalaayathinaal sainyathin kooduthal naashanashtangalum kootta koorumaattangalum koottatthode palayanam cheyyalum undaakumenn lail kaanikkunnu. atharam sainyangal barrier sainikare upayogikkaanulla saadhyathayum kooduthalaanu. vamseeya vaividhyamalla yudhakkalathile prakadanatthe durbalappeduthunnathu, marichu vamseeya vibhaagangalodu vivechanam kaanikkunnundo ennathu. 1995ll elisabath keerum samaanamaayi yuu.ezz. ell. jii. bii. tii. sevana amgangalkkethiraaya sainyathinte vivechanam yuu. yeei durbalapedutthi.ezz. sainika sannadhatha.
bharanathinte tharam.
allen sii. janaadhipathyamillaatha rajyangaleyum udaaravaada janadhipathyangaleyum apekshichu yudhakkalathil udara janaadhipathya raajyangalkk nettamundennu aavarthikkunnu. janaadhipathya sainikar kadinamaayi pooraadunnu, janaadhipathya rajyangal yudhathil orumichu sakhyamundaakkunnu, janaadhipathya raajyangalkk pooraattatthinaayi kooduthal saambathika vibhavangal upayogikkaan kazhiyum enna vasthuthayil ninnaan eee janaadhipathya nettam uruthirinjathennu avar vaadikkunnu. ennirunnaalum, janadhipathyam thanne yudhathil kaaryamaaya vyathyaasamundaakkunnilum mothatthilulla shakti polulla mattu chila gadakangal oru raajyam vijayam nedumo atho parajayam neridumo ennu nirnnayikkunnuvennum vimarshakar vaadikkunnu. vietnaam yuddham polulla chila sandarbhangalil, janadhipathyam paraajayathinu polum kaaranamaayirikkam. chila saahacharyangalil svechaadhipathya raajyangalkk janaadhipathyangalekkaal nettamundaayekkaamennu jassen kaasttillo vaadikkunnu; udaaharanathinu, svechaadhipathya bharanakoodangalkku nirupaadhikamaaya vishwasthatha aavasyamulla prathyayashaasthrangal undayirikkaam, athu sainika aikyathin kaaranamakum.
samghadanaa samskaaram.
elisabath kiir, jephri legro thudangiya pandithanmaar vaadikkunnathu sainyathile samghadanaa samskaarangal sainika sidhaanthangale roopappeduthunnuvenna.