joseph baldwyn

joseph baldwyn (31 octuber, 1827, kuchh sroton seey pataa chalata haye kii 27 octuber, 1827-13 janwari, 1899) ack americi shikshak they, aur kuchh logon dwara unhein "samanya vidyalaya pranali kaa janak" kahaa jaataa thaa.
praarambhik jeevan.
baldwyn kaa janm joseph aur isabella (nee cairns) key ghar nae mahal, pensylvania mein huaa thaa. unake jeevan kaary mein sambandhit tanaavon kii ack jodee haih dhaarmik utsaah aur dharmnirpeksh vishayon mein achchi tarah seey shikshit shikshakon kii aavashyakta kii maanyata, aur takniki prashikshan parr sambhaavit roop seey virodh kiye gaye jore aur shikshak kii taiyari mein udaar kalaa key beach. unhone kaee shaikshanik sansthanon kii sthaapana kii joe aaj bhee jeevit hain, jinamen seey pratyek abhee bhee unake prabhaav kaa kuchh nishan haye.
usaki bahan dwara bataai gaee ack kahani bataati haye kii, apane pitaa key kheton koo jutai karate samay, pratyek khurr key anta taka pahunchane parr, vaha ack kitab uthaata thaa, vaha dhoondhata thaa kii usane aakhiri baar kahaan chhoda thaa, agala paragraph padhata thaa, kitab koo neeche rakhta thaa, aur agali pankti koo jutai karane key liye aage badhata thaa. maidan mein vaapas jaate hue, unhone gyaan key nae arjit tukade parr dhyaan diyaa.
praathamik shiksha.
unhone naee mahal, pensylvania key paas bartlet kii akadami mein shiksha praapt kii thee. 18 saal kii umr mein unhone ack diarry rakhna shuru curr diyaa joe ack aisee dharmikta kii gawahi detee haye joe unake poore currier mein unake shaikshik darshan key saath gaharaai seey judee hui haye. "chaudah varsh kii ayu mein ack gambhir bimari key dauran, unhone moksh kii khoj mein apani "gambhir sthiti" key saath sangharsh karna jaari rakhaa. unhone bimaaron aur marane vaalon seey mulakat kii aur mritakon kii dekhbhal kii. dharm parivartan aur bapatisma ney unhein navinikrit kiya (2-3 aprail, 1845), aur unhone khud koo masih kii seva key liye samarpit curr diyaa (1 maee, 1845). iss praarambhik kaal mein, unake dhaarmik aur saansaarik aavegon key beach tanaav kii bhavna spasht haye. dharmnirpeksh padhana unakaa ack vichalit karane vaalaa kaam thaa. unhone afsos vyakt kiyaah "maine apana kaafee samay itihas aur jeevani padhane mein bitaaya haye aur iss prakaar bible koo samajhane key liye sabse mahatvapurna pustakon kii upeksha kii haye. bhavishya mein ise apana adhyayan banaa sakata huun aur main ise apani talwar key roop mein upayog curr sakata huun "(14 sitambar, 1845).
samarpan.
athaarah varsh kii ayu mein bhee unhone yuvaaon koo shikshit karane key dhaarmik roop seey parikalpit mission key liye sachet roop seey khud koo samarpit curr diyaa thaa. unhone socha kii "yuva" (jaise kii swayam), shashwat sajaa key yogya haye lekin phir bhee "bachaane" key laayak haye. 1847 mein, unhone poore chaalees saptah school mein padhaai kii aur lagbhag dedh maheene kaam kiya. unhone joe upadesh diyaa thaa uska abhyaas karate hue, jaba unhein ack party mein aamantrit kiya gayaa thaa, tou unhone apana samay "aahat karane vaali moorkhata" (6 farwari) key bajaay adhyayan mein bitaane kaa faisala kiya. ack kamare seey gujarate hue jahan "kaee yuva anandapurna nritya mein lagey hue they", way likhate hain, "main iss vichaar seey prabhaavit thaa kii inn sabhi vichaarheen yuvaaon koo jald hii sabhi key nyayadhish key saamane pesh honah chaahiye" (10 march). unaki ghoshit mahatvakankshaen pramukhta aur seva kii ichchhaon key beach ack dwidha koo prakat karati hainh "main ack vaktaa banana chaahata huun; taaki main apane saathi purushon kaa bhalaa curr sakoon."
uchch shiksha.
1848 mein, baldwyn ney bethany college mein pravesh kiya, jahan way bee.aeye. 1852 mein bethany mein rahate hue, way school key sansthaapak aur adhyaksh rev key ghar mein rahate they. alekjendar campbelle, christ church key shishyon key sansthaapak. vahaan unhone adhyayan kiya, paath kiya, bahas kii aur ack "aarthik samaaj" banaane mein madad kii, jisake sadasyon ney bimari kii sthiti mein ack-dusare kii sahaayata karane kaa sankalp liya; way isake adhyaksh baney. baldwyn ney utkrisht pradarshan kiya, apani kakshaon mein pahale yaa dusare sthaan parr rahey. apane saathi chhatron sahit anya yuvaaon kii unaki ninda jaari raheeh "afsos yuvaaon koo moorkh banaa dou! aap jeevan key moolyon koo naheen samajhate hain "(5 aprail, 1849). ack shikshak key roop mein apane baad key currier mein, unhone apani teen bhayaavahataonh nritya, taash khelane aur sharaab peene key liye doshi paae gaye chhatron parr koee dayaa naheen dikhaai.
bhaavnaatmak mamalon mein, jaisa kii peshevar mein, baldwyn kii diarry prathmiktaon kii ack majboot bhavna kaa pramaan detee haye. agast 1849 mein way ack imalin aim. see. see. key saath county baithak mein gaye., joe mujhe lagata haye kii merey liye jeevan bhar key liye ack upayukt saathi bunn jaayega... aggar bhagwan kii ichcha haye kii vaha merrie aur usaki zaan bachaaen, aur aggar vaha anumati detaa haye, tou humm shaadi key pratibandh seey ekjut hoe sakate hain; merey college kaa pathyakram puuraa karane key baad." 
sitambar 1849 mein school mein vaapas, baldwyn ney apane dinn usee imalin (joe vaastav mein, uska jeevan-saathi naheen banega) koo likhate hue bitaaye, kadee mehnat seey adhyayan karate hue, aur "pope hommer eliod" koo vaastav mein prashansaniya paaya, aggar vaha bahut seey seey bharey hue they, jinhen vaha aswikar curr dete they. sisro padhana, rachanaaen aur bhaashan likhana, baldwyn ney ack lauh anushasana kaa pradarshan kiya, jisaki way baad mein apane chhatron seey ummeed karenge. ack uchch bhavna key prati unake samarpan kaa aanshik roop seey khandan karate hue unaki aatm-soojan haih "samaaj mein 'moonchh' naamak ack tukade koo ghoshit kiya gayaa.'pahale seey behtar safal. ack ney saarvajanik roop seey tippani kii kii yeh sabse achchha thaa joe unhone kabhi sunaa thaa. lekin oh! main joe chaahata huun usase kitna cumm, kitni vishal oonchaai abhee bhee bheji jaani baaki haye."
snaatak honey key baad joseph baldwyn ack college professor key nae ubharate peshevar currier koo aage badhaane key liye paschim gaye. 1853 mein unhone misauri mein platte shahar purush aur mahila akadami mein padhaaya, aur 1855 taka way sawana, misauri mein ack mahavidyalayi sansthaan key saha-pracharya they.
shaadi.
26 agast, 1852 koo unhone elen (yaa elaa) sophronia flahart (bee. 1828, ohiyo-dee. 26 navambar, 1924, saine diego, california). sevkai mein pravesh karna unakaa irada thaa, lekin ack navavivaahit purush key roop mein unaki jimmedariyon key liye unhein ack shikshak key roop mein aajeevika chalaani padati thee. 1856 key vasant mein, unhone misauri raajya shikshak sangh kii sthaapana mein madad kii aur unhein upaadhyaksh chunaa gayaa. agali sharad ritu mein, vaha pensylvania laut aae aur apane nae vyavasaay key liye vishisht prashikshan praapt karane key liye lankester county samanya vidyalaya mein dakhila liya.
carrier.
1857 seey 1863 taka, baldwyn ney samanya schools kaa netritva kiya, jisamen farmington purush aur mahila madarsa (bernetsville, indiana) aur cocomo, indiana mein ack nayaa sansthaan shamil thaa. 1858 mein shahar key dakshin-paschimi bhaag mein farmington akadami key roop mein sthaapit, baldwyn ney indiana samanya koo khola. yeh indiana kaa pahala samanya school thaa aur sanyukt raajya america mein paanchvaan thaa. 
cocomo, indiana mein baldwyn ney uchch shiksha koo pahala protsaahan diyaa. 1859 mein baldwyn key nirdeshan mein ack sanyukt stock company, samanya school sangh kaa ayojan kiya gayaa thaa, jisamen chhatron koo shikshak banane key liye taiyar karane key liye nirdesh kii "samanya" vidhi parr jore diyaa gayaa thaa. yeh bhavna kaa ack praarambhik udaaharan thaa, ack hii samay mein vaigyaanik, susamachar aur udyamsheelta, joe baldwyn kii sabhi shaikshik pariyojanaon kii visheshta thee. center township ney ack samanya imarat key nirmaan key liye 3,000 dollar pradaan kiye. yeh paisa iss shart parr pradaan kiya gayaa thaa kii basti mein cocomo key indiana state normal school key roop mein jaane jaane vaale ack muft school key liye chaar nichale kamaron kaa upayog hoga. unhone shahatoot aur mukhya sadakon key vartamaan chauraahe key paas ack manjila imarat mein kuchh chhatron koo padhaaya. samanya vidyalaya mein kakshaaen 1863-64 mein shuru huin.
sainya seva.
halanki swaasthya yaa samvidhaan mein vaastav mein kabhi majboot naheen thaa, grih yuddh key dauran, baldwyn ney 118 veen indiana paidal senaa kii company bee kaa ayojan kiya, joe cocomo chhatron seey bunny company thee. kaptan. baldwyn aur unaki kamaan key 30-40 purushon ney julaai 1863 seey march 1864 taka seva kii, aur blue springs (10 octuber, 1863), walker ford (2 disambar) aur tazewell (24 janwari, 1864) mein kaarravaai dekhi. yuddh key baad way logansport, indiana chaley gaye, jahan way logansport madarse aur cases county normal school key pracharya baney. 
farwari 1867 mein, baldwyn ney ack nayaa shikshak-taiyari sansthaan sthaapit karane kaa sankalp liya. mejar jey kii salah key saath. bee. sent key mervin. luis, american journal off ajucation key sampaadak, aur unake apane bhatije, jey. jey. kirksville, misauri key griggsby ney kirksville koo sthaan key roop mein chunaa. ack anya kaarak jisane baldwyn koo kirksville parr nirnay lene mein madad kii, vaha ack taiyar sanrachana-comberland akadami bhawan kii upalabdhata thee-joe school kii sabhi aavashyaktaon koo puuraa karati thee. 1860 mein nirmit, mulanics aur hikri sadakon (abb smaarak udyaan) key koney parr sthit imarat, ack church seey milati-julati thee, joe ack oonchi khadee imarat key saath poori hui thee. yeh kirksville kii ladaai key dauran mcneil key mukhyalaya key roop mein kaary kartaa thaa. yeh mool roop seey comberland akadami key naam seey jaane jaane vaale ack school koo rakhane key liye banaaya gayaa thaa. baldwyn ney prati varsh 100 dollar mein imarat koo patte parr diyaa.
samanya vidyalaya.
2 sitambar, 1867 koo uttar misauri samanya vidyalaya aur vaanijyik mahavidyalaya khola gayaa. 1870 mein, raajya vidhanmandal ney samanya vidyalaya pranali key nirmaan kaa praavdhaan kiya aur baldwyn, jinhen regent key ayojan board kaa sadasya naamit kiya gayaa thaa, ney raajya koo apane vidyalaya kii peshkash kii. unake prastaav koo sweekaar curr liya gayaa, aur school 29 disambar, 1870 koo pahale jilaa samanya school key roop mein raajya key niyantran mein aaa gayaa; baldwyn koo adhyaksh naamit kiya gayaa.
jaba baldwyn key uttari misauri samanya school ney comberland akadami bhawan koo peechhe chhod diyaa, tou ack naee imarat key liye ack sthaan chunaa gayaa. usa samay, school key liye chunaa gayaa nayaa sthaan kirksville shahar kii seema key thheek baahar ack makai kaa khet thaa. raajya kii maangon koo puuraa karane key liye kii school county seat kii shahar kii seema key bheetar sthit hoe, sampatti koo shamil karane key liye kirksville shahar kii seema kaa vistaar karna padaa. 
halanki aupchaarik roop seey iska naam naheen rakhaa gayaa thaa, lekin imarat koo samanya imarat (aur bahut baad mein, "baldwyn holl") key roop mein jaanaa jaane lagaa. imarat key kendra mein ack prabhaavshaali meenar aasmaan kii or uthee, jisase ack aisaa sthal banaa joe meelon taka dikhaai dey rhaa thaa. aitihaasik dastavejon mein kahaa gayaa haye kii lagbhag 600-700 chhatron koo imarat mein samaayojit kiya jaa sakata thaa, jise shikshakon key kamaron, ack pustakalaya, ack prayogshala, ack badey sabhaa kaksh, paath kaksh key saath-saath anya vibhinn kamaron mein vibhajit kiya gayaa thaa. badey holl mein ack chhat thee jisamen sunder khule lakadi key kaam they. samanya imarat kii poori laagat $101,400 thee-yeh sub baldwyn kii sangathan aur anunaya kii shaktiyon aur samudaay mein iss nae vyakti key sammaan kaa pramaan haye. baldwyn dwara sthaapit sansthaan truman raajya vishvavidyalaya bunn jaayega.
saim huston samanya sansthaan.
1881 mein, baldwyn ack vyakhyan daure parr they, aur paristhitiyon kii ack shrinkhala seey joe poori tarah seey gyaat naheen thee, unhein una sansthanon mein seey ack kaa pracharya chunaa gayaa thaa, jahan unhone yatra kii thee. baldwyn ney 1881 mein kirksville chhod diyaa aur saim huston samanya sansthaan (abb saim huston raajya vishvavidyalaya) key teesare pracharya baney, haal hii mein istifa dey chuke rashtrapati aich.aich. smith, aur apani betty olivia baldwyn koo kalaa sankaay key sansthaapak key roop mein saath laker; unaki betty zho bhee vahaan padhaati thee. 1890 mein, unaki adhyakshata mein, puraane mukhya kaa nirmaan aur kabja curr liya gayaa thaa, jisase paaramparik dou saal key karyakram seey parey rahane key ichchuk chhatron key liye adhyayan key ack atirikt varsh key liye jagah mill gaee thee-joe saarvajanik vidyalaya key shikshakon key prashikshan mein kathorta aur gaharaai koo lagu karane key liye baldwyn key aajivan prayason kaa hissa haye. 
unhone sansthaan key liye adhyayan key saat vibhaag banaaeh peshevar kaary; praakritik aur shaaririk vigyaan; angreji aur saahitya; mukhar sangeet aur calisthenics; bayanbaji, vyutpatti vigyaan aur shareer vigyaan; aur vaktritva, chitrakaari aur kalam. unhone austin mein texas vishvavidyalaya mein shikshashastra mein navanirmit peeth sweekaar karane key liye chhodate hue 1881-91 seey seva kii. unaki mukhya upalabdhi saarvajanik vidyalaya prashasakon aur uchch vidyaalayon mein vishesh vishayon key shikshakon kii aavashyaktaon key liye vishisht shikshak prashikshan kii aavashyakta key baare mein jagrukta badhaana thaa. yeh school antatah texas vishvavidyalaya kaa college off ajucation bunn jaayega. baldwyn 1897 mein professor emeritus key roop mein sevaanivritt hue aur 13 janwari, 1899 koo 71 varsh kii ayu mein unakaa nidhan hoe gayaa. unhein austin, texas mein oakwood kabristan mein dafnaya gayaa.
bachche.
baldwyn key nau bachche theh icelius victor baldwyn (1853), annabel bee. baldwyn sublet (1856), olivia artemaceae baldwyn (1858), koramantha aim. baldwyn haston (1860), joseph rolla baldwyn (1863), rechel iren baldwyn (1865), harrold baldwyn (1868), norma mable baldwyn (1870) aur zho lenor baldwyn sublet (1874).
prakaashan.
texas mein rahate hue unhone shiksha parr kaee pustaken likheenh
sammaan.
baldwyn koo ack maanad ell. ell. praapt huaa.1891 mein bethany college seey dee. unhein truman state university mein baldwyn holl ("purana" baldwyn, imarat baldwyn ney swayam banaai, 1924 mein jalaa dee gaee; "nae" baldwyn kii adharshila 1938 mein rakhee gaee thee), pratishthit vaarshik baldwyn vyakhyan aur prakhyaat yuva vidvaanon key liye joseph baldwyn akadami dwara yaad kiya jaataa haye. chaturbhuj parr baldwyn kii ack jeevan aakar kii kansya pratima bhee haye.
1918 mein nirmit saim huston state university mein shiksha bhawan kaa naam 1981 mein baldwyn rakhaa jaanaa thaa, lekin agale varsh ise dhwast curr diyaa gayaa.

