tulgadinty

 
tulgadinty yaa tluckatinti (тлгатинти), hovhaness harutian (тлетинес отоменсие, 1860, tluckatin gaanv, kharpert, ottoman samrajya-1915) ack ottoman armenian lekhak aur shikshak they joe graameen saahitya mein apani pramukh bhoomika key liye jaane jaate they. unhein 1890 key dashak kii shuruat mein jaari constantinople key armenian buddhijiviyon key ahwan parr pahali aadhikarik pratikriya dene kaa shreya diyaa jaataa haye, joe aitihaasik paschimi armenia key graameen jeevan mein dridhata seey nihit haye. tulgadinty kii anoothi yathaarthvaadi kritiyaan gaanv key jeevan key sabse kaale konon kii jaanch karane seey laker bachpan key yadgar kshanon koo phir seey dekhane taka hain. ack maargdarshak key roop mein apane sammaan aur ack lekhak key roop mein apani shakti key madhyam seey unhone rupen zarterian, peniyamin norigin, vaah hegg, vaahan totovent, hamasdegh aur anya jaise mahatvapurna lekhakon kii ack naee peedhi key liye maarg khola. 
praarambhik jeevan aur shiksha.
tulgadinty kaa janm 1860 mein kharpert key duss meal dakshin mein tulgadine (vartamaan mein kuyulu) gaanv mein huaa thaa. unake pitaa ack kisan they, jinaki mrityu taba hui jaba tulgandinty kaafee chhote they, aur unhone unhein aur unaki maan koo garibi mein chhod diyaa. unake durbhagya key bavjood unaki maan ney dridhata seey kaam liya aur apani shiksha shuru karane key liye unhein parrish school mein namankit kiya. parrish school koo puuraa karane key baad, tulgadinty ney kharpert key smadian school mein apani shiksha jaari rakhee, jahan unake pathyakramon mein shaastriya armenian, vyaakaran, bhugol aur ganit shamil they.
carrier aur drishtikon.
1878 taka, tulgadinty ney smadian school mein apani padhaai poori curr lii thee aur gaanv key school master aur patrakaar key roop mein apane dohare currier kii shuruat kii thee, yeh 1877-78 key russo-ottoman yuddh key turant baad huaa thaa, jisane ottoman samrajya kii armenian aabaadi koo vyaapak dukh mein chhod diyaa thaa. unhone chankaush (üngüs) key gaanv mein apani pahali shikshan sthiti paaee, aur unhone 1880 key dashak key madhyam seey constantinople (istanbul) samachar patron "arevelk" aur "massis" koo bheji gaee reports key saath khud koo ack lekhak key roop mein sthaapit kiya. 1893 mein, constantinople mein armenian saahitya key ahwan kaa jawab dete hue, tulgadinty "emili" key samachar patra "harrenic" mein prakaashan key saath kathaa mein ack vishisht naee aavaaj key roop mein ubhara, joe ack americi missionary aur ack armenian gaanv mein usaki gatividhiyon key baare mein ack vyangya sketch thaa. iss kaam, jiss parr unhone pahali baar "tulgadinty" naam seey hastakshar kiye they, kaa alochakon ney swaagat kiya aur pathakon ney ise utsaahpoorvak praapt kiya.
tulgadinty ney apana puuraa jeevan kharpert key tatkaal parivesh mein bitaaya. unaki kahaaniyan poori tarah seey aam graminon key manovigyaan, moolyon aur parasparik sambandhon parr vishesh roop seey kendrit hain. ack aise yug mein jaba unake hajaaron hamvatan america key liye apani matribhoomi koo chhod rahey they, taba tulgadinty pravaas kii lahar key kattar virodh mein khade they. unhone apane samay key prasiddh krantikari dalon key baare mein bhee ack aspasht drishtikon apanaaya aur unamen seey kissy seey bhee kabhi sambaddh naheen they. usee samay, tulgadinty usa paith seey gambhir roop seey chintit thaa joe missionary protestantwad armeniyai logon key beach banaa rhaa thaa, joe "sirf ack gillas" key mool mein ack mudda thaa. 
1884 mein, tulgadinty koo unake alma matter kaa nideshak niyukt kiya gayaa aur unhone kharpert mein basane key liye apane shikshan kartavyon koo chhod diyaa. 1887 mein, unhone kharpert mein kendriya rashtriya vidyalaya kii sthaapana kii aur 1888 mein isake nideshak baney, ack pada joe unhone 1915 mein apani mrityu taka ack apavaad key saath lagaatar rakhaa [neeche dekhein]. school kharpert key oopari quarter mein sent key buggle mein khadaa thaa. hagop church aur ise aamtaur parr kendriya vidyalaya yaa "laal college" key roop mein jaanaa jaataa thaa kyonki isake baahari hisse koo laal rung seey rangaa gayaa thaa. ise kewal tulgadinty key naam seey bhee naamit kiya gayaa thaa. isake unnat star mein armenian dharmnirpeksh aur church itihas, shaastriya aur aadhunik armenian, vyaakaran aur rachana, angreji, angreji saahitya, francisi, francisi saahitya, turkey aur turkey rachana, ganit, sangeet aur bhautiki key pathyakram shamil they.
1895 mein, hamidian narsamhar kii oonchaai parr, school parr ack sainya-virodhi bheed dwara hamla kiya gayaa thaa aur poori tarah seey jameen parr jalaa diyaa gayaa thaa. samanya sthiti kii vaapsee key saath, tulgadinty aur kuchh sahayogi kharpert key nichale hisse mein ack imarat mein kuchh kakshaaen kholane mein kamyab rahey, jabaki kendriya vidyalaya key punarnirmaan kaa kaam isake mool sthal parr sanyukt raajya mein kharpert shaikshik sanghon kii vittiya madad seey kiya gayaa thaa. mool sthaan parr vaapas jaanaa 1900 mein huaa. punarnirmit school koo "laal college" kahaa jaataa rhaa, bhale hii ise abb laal rung seey chitrit naheen kiya gayaa thaa. 
1903 mein, armenian aatankvaadiyon parr kaarravaai key dauran, tulgadinty koo giraftar kiya gayaa aur usake pramukh shishya, rupen zarterian key saath nau maheene key liye jail mein daal diyaa gayaa. unaki rihaai parr, tulgadinty koo kendriya vidyalaya key nideshak key roop mein apane pada koo phir seey shuru karane kii anumati dee gaee.
antim kshan.
jaba turkey senaa 1915 mein apane armenian samudaay koo nasht karane key liye kharpert mein pahunchi, tou tulgadinty koo apane bachpan key ack musalman dost key ghar mein asthaayi roop seey chhipana padaa, jise usane surakshit rakhane key liye aprakaashit karyon kaa apana badaa sangrah saunpa thaa. ullekhaniya roop seey, sangrah mein 1895 key kukhyaat narsamhar key unake vivaran shamil they. ack dinn, tulgadinty koo yeh jaankar poori tarah seey tabah hoe gayaa kii dahashat key ack kshan mein usake dost ney poore sangrah mein aag lagaa dee thee aur ise raakh curr diyaa thaa. isake turant baad, unhein baahar paaya gayaa aur anya armenian prasiddh logon seey bharee jail mein fenk diyaa gayaa. iss bindu parr, tulgadinty koo pataa chalaa kii usaki patni, chhah betiyaan aur bete koo nirvaasan maargon parr pahale hii unaki maut key liye bhej diyaa gayaa thaa. phir bhee, una gambhir paristhitiyon mein vaha abhee bhee apane saathi kaidiyon key hausale koo uthaane key liye apani vishisht buddhi kii kuchh jhalakiyan dikhaane mein kamyab rahey. 
20 juuna 1915 koo, armeniyai narsamhar key dauran, tulgadinty kii unake janmasthan key paas ack khaai mein hatyaa curr dee gaee thee.

