
philis natantala-jorden

philis natantala-jorden (janm philis pricilla natantala; 7 janwari 1920-17 julaai 2016) ack dakshin african raajneetik karyakarta aur lekhak they. vaha aur saahityik itihaaskaar archibald campbelle jorden rajneta pallo jorden key maataa-pitaa they.
vyaktigat jeevan.
philis priscilla "nogkaja" ntantala kaa janm 7 janwari 1920 koo dakshin africa key purvi cape mein edutiva kii nkabara nadee key modd key saath gakbeni mein huaa thaa. ntantala-jorden key pitaa, george govan ntantla ack samriddh kisan they jinhone transkei general council, ibunga mein seva kii aur unaki maan, idaa balfour, sabse pahale african isai samudaay key vanshaj they, jinaki sthaapana 19 veen shatabdi key dusare dashak key dauran purvi cape mein paigambar ntsicana dwara kii gaee thee. apani parvarish kaa varnan karate hue, ntantala-jorden ney kahaa, "trotsky kii tarah, main apani jeb mein ack-chhah kii kahawat key binaa ghar seey naheen nikla. main transkei mein ack jamindar kuleen parivaar seey aaya thaa. natantala-jorden ney chaar saal kii cumm umr mein apani schooly shiksha shuru kii. chhah maheene baad, unhone apani maan koo khou diyaa. maanak 6 (grade 8) puuraa karane key baad, phir 12 saal kii umr mein, ntantala-jorden koo healdtown bheja gayaa. usake praathamik vidyalaya key pracharya roads kakata ney usake pitaa koo usake pitaa key liye pyaar kii tulanaa mein bahut adhik sifarish kii thee. entantala kaa kahana haye kii healdtown mein chhatron key saath unaki prishthabhoomi aur priyajanon seey chhote honey key bavjood samaan vyavhaar kiya gayaa thaa. 15 saal kii umr mein, nantal koo kille key khargosh vishvavidyalaya mein adhyayan karane key liye transcayen bhunga chhatravritti seey sammaanit kiya gayaa thaa. usa samay, kille key khargosh, halanki degree pradaan karate they, matrick adhyayan key liye chhatron koo bharti karate they. apani matrick poori karane key baad, unhone 1937 mein fort haare vishvavidyalaya mein shikshakon kaa diploma puuraa kiya. ntantla-jorden ney 1938 mein chronstad key bantu hyee school mein ack shikshak key roop mein kaam karna shuru kiya. 1939 mein, ntantla-jorden ney ishiksosa lekhak archibald campbelle jorden seey shaadi kii, jinase vaha fort haare vishvavidyalaya mein apane samay key dauran millie theen.
1945 mein, fort haare mein bantu bhaashaon key vyakhyata key roop mein ack jorden kii niyukti key baad, jorden, phir dou bachchon key saath, aur raaste mein ack tihai, purvi cape key liye chronstad chhod diyaa. haalaanki, kille key khargosh vishvavidyalaya mein unakaa thaharaav alpakaalik thaa. 1946 mein, ack jorden cape town vishvavidyalaya (yuu. see. tii.) mein bantu bhaashaon mein vyakhyan key liye safaltapurvak aavedan karane key baad apane parivaar key saath cape town chaley gaye. 1957 mein dow. entantala-jorden ney sthaaniya kaanoon aur prashaasan mein uchch diploma key liye cape town vishvavidyalaya mein panjikaran karaaya. baad mein vaha dakshin africa vishvavidyalaya, maddison kshetra takniki mahavidyalaya key saath-saath fort harey vishvavidyalaya seey darshanshastra mein maanad doctorate kii yogyata praapt karengi. 1950 aur 1960 key dashak key anta mein tatkalin rangbhed dakshin african sarkaar dwara lagaae gaye raajneetik dabaavon key kaaran, jorden 1961 mein nirvaasan mein chaley gaye. jorden america chaley gaye, jahan unhein aur unake dou bachchon koo aaraam diyaa gayaa. 17 julaai 2016 koo 96 varsh kii ayu mein mitchigan mein entantala-jorden kaa nidhan hoe gayaa. vaha 96 varsh kii theen. unhein 30 julaai 2016 koo wisconsin key maddison mein vann pahaadi kabristan mein dafnaya gayaa thaa. entantala-jorden aur assie jorden key paas unakaa betaa pallo jorden haye.
raajneetik kaary.
entantala-jorden ney chronstad mein bantu hyee school mein ack shikshak key roop mein apane samay koo apane raajneetik jaagriti kaa shreya diyaa. apani raajneetik jaagriti kaa varnan karate hue, nantala-jorden kahati hain, "main hamesha logon koo bataati huun kii yeh swatantra raajya mein meraa anubhav thaa jisane vaastav mein merrie samajik chetna koo krodhit kiya...chronstad mein hamaare adhikansh chhatron koo apane school seey parey bhavishya naheen dikhaai diyaa. way school mein hii rahey kyonki yeh usa sthaan parr jeevan seey behtar jagah thee. mujhe pataa thaa kii kaheen kuchh gadbad haye." 
jaba unakaa parivaar 1946 mein cape town vishvavidyalaya mein unake pati ack jorden kii niyukti key baad langaa sthaan mein moshesh avenue mein sthanantarit hoe gayaa, tou entantala-jorden ney yeh sunishchit karane key liye kadee mehnat kii kii unakaa parivaar basti seey baahar chaley jaae. octuber 1946 mein, tatkalin shwet kshetron mein maheenon taka ghar-shikaar karane key baad (samooh kshetra adhiniyam key tahat), jorden ney governor general shree brownley koo patra likhaa, jisamen flur street, linken estate, cape town mein ack shree guttman seey bahut kuchh khareedane kii anumati kaa anurodh kiya gayaa. navambar mein, jorden ney shree guttman seey lott khareedane kii anumati praapt kii, joe iss kshetra mein aisaa karane vaale pahale african parivaaron mein seey ack bunn gayaa. unhone apane nivaas kaa naam "thabisano" rakhaa, joe ack anand kaa sthaan thaa. jorden ney apane bachchon koo kabhi bhee african schools mein naheen bheja jaisa kii sarkaar ney maang kii thee, lekin unhein clairmont mein athlon, rosemid aur livingstone hyee school mein sent marks inglish church mein bheja.
cape town mein apane pahale paanch varshon key dauran, 1940 key dashak key anta aur 1950 key dashak kii shuruat mein, jaba vaha apane bachchon kii parvarish curr rahee thee, vaha "raajneetik kaam aur cape african shikshakon key sangh mein vyast thee.1950 key dashak kii shuruat mein joe mudde kendrit they, way 1950 key samooh kshetra adhiniyam kii ninda, 1951 key bantu pradhikaran adhiniyam, 1952 mein cape town mein bhavya pared mein zaan vaine rebeck samaroh aur 1953 key bantu shiksha adhiniyam key ird-gird ghoomate they.bee tabata kaa "sangharsh key hathiyar key roop mein bahishkaar", jise transkei mein yuva africa (soya) key samaaj dwara vyaapak roop seey vitarit kiya gayaa thaa. 6 aprail koo honey vaale jashn seey dou dinn pahale 4 aprail 1952 koo entantala-jorden ney zaan vaine rebeck key jashn key virodh mein sabse badee raili mein bhaashan diyaa. entantala-jorden ney iss samaroh koo sarkaar key liye ack asafal aur logon key bahishkaar kii safalata key roop mein varnit kiya haye.
1957 mein, entantala-jorden koo "african mahilaaon" parr africa south naamak ack patrika key liye ack lekh mein yogdan karane key liye kahaa gayaa thaa, rony segal dwara, unhone "anya mahilaaon key baare mein likhane key liye chunaa jinake baare mein koee naheen sunata haye, jinaki kahani kabhi naheen bataai gaee thee, kyonki way apane samaaj key 'stambh' naheen hain. unake anusaar, yeye "kuchh aisee ladakiyan theen jinake saath main badee hui thee, abb shadishuda aur vidhvaaon kaa jeevan jee rahee thee, kyonki unake purush shaharon mein door they. iss patrika mein unake dusare lekh kaa sheershak thaa "bhandar kii vidhavaaen" jiska baad mein flamish, french aur dutch mein anuvaad kiya gayaa.
21 march 1960 key sharpville narsamhar aur langprotest key parinamswarup apatkal kii sthiti key dauran, ashweton kaa samanya utpeedan huaa thaa. apatkal kii ghoshana key paanch dinn baad, 4 aprail 1960 koo aeye. see. jorden koo giraftar kiya gayaa aur una parr hamla kiya gayaa. iss prishthabhoomi key khilaf, jorden ney sanyukt raajya america mein jaane kaa vikalp chunaa. 1961 kii shuruat mein, aeye. see. jorden koo america mein vishvavidyalayon aur colleges kaa daura karane key liye ack kaarnegi yatra anudan seey sammaanit kiya gayaa thaa. jaba unhein passport seey incar curr diyaa gayaa, tou unhone nikas anumati kaa vikalp chunaa. unake parivaar ney 1962 mein unakaa anusaran kiya aur way sanyukt raajya america mein samaapt hoe gaye.
viraasat.
ntantla-jorden koo ack buddhijivi, ack lekhak aur ack mukhar raajneetik karyakarta key roop mein yaad kiya jaataa haye. mukti key sangharsh mein unaki bhoomika kaa varnan karate hue, african rashtriya congress ney kahaa, "maama philis ntantala-jorden key gujarane seey dakshin africa aur duniya mein ack chatur, jigyasu aur prerak dimag loot liya haye. hamane vishesh roop seey african mahilaaon key liye langic samaantaa key ack champion koo khou diyaa haye..."
entantala-jorden ney apane pati ack jorden key upanyaas, "ingkumbo yeminanya" kaa angreji mein anuvaad kiya, kaee saarvajanik vyakhyanon mein baat kii, nibandh likhe, ack pustak "chalo unhein sunein" likhi, ack pustak joe kaee gumnam naayikaon kii aavaaz koo badhaati haye joe dakshin african mahilaaen hain aur unaki aatmkathah "ack jeevan kaa mozekah dha autobiography off philis entantala".

