
edward ell. durpoke

edward ell. drayer (1940-2007) ack americi itihaaskaar they jinhen chean key ming rajvansh key itihas parr unake kaam aur visheshagyata key liye jaanaa jaataa thaa.
praarambhik jeevan aur shiksha.
drayer kaa janm 1940 mein saine diego mein huaa thaa. unhone 1961 mein harvard vishvavidyalaya seey itihas mein bee. aeye. aur ph. dee. kii upaadhi praapt kii.dee. harvard seey "chuu yuan-chang key udbhav" parr ack thesis key saath, 1360-65. unake thesis salaahkaar johnn fairbank aur lyon-sheng yang they.
carrier.
drayer ney apana adhikansh currier miyami vishvavidyalaya mein itihas key professor key roop mein bitaaya. unhone ming raajya key vibhinn pahaluon parr kaee pustaken aur shodh patra likhe, jinamen isake praarambhik varsh aur isake sainya aur nausena itihas shamil hain, jisamen "chean key cambridge itihas" (khand) mein ack adhyaay, "ming chean kii sainya utpatti" shamil haye. 7, bhaag 1). 
drayer jheel poyang kii ladaai aur jheng haye key abhiyaanon mein ack pramukh vaishvik pradhikaran they.
vyaktigat jeevan.
drayer kaa vivaah juuna tuffel drayer seey huaa thaa, joe miyami vishvavidyalaya mein chean key visheshagya aur american association forr chinese studies (aacs) key adhyaksh they.

