
gizangdo

jisangdo (koriyaaeeh <unk>, 'mausam maanchitra') ack koriyai kavita haye jise 1936 mein kima kirim dwara likhaa aur prakaashit kiya gayaa thaa. "jisangdo" ack vyangyapurna kavita haye jisane 1930 key dashak mein antarrashtriya mamalon kii asthir sthiti kii tulanaa ack toofaan key vikas seey kii. iss kavita kii prashansa kima kirim key adhuniktawad key ack pramukh udaaharan key roop mein kii gaee haye, ack aise vyakti jinhone aadhunik sabhyata key prati jagrukta key saath apani kavitaon koo aatmasaat karane kaa prayaas kiya.
avalokan.
sanrachana.
"gisangdo" 7 khandon aur 424 panktiyon seey banaa haye. pratyek khand koo una shirshakon key saath label kiya gayaa haye joe ack toofaan kii pragati kaa anusaran karate hainh "segiui achim" (duniya kii subah), "siminhangniol" (nagrik pared), "taipungui gichim sigan" (toofaan kaa badhata samay), "jachvi" (track), "biongdeun panjiong" (ack rogagrast paridrishya), "olpemiui jumun" (ullu kaa mantra), aur "sobekaviye norai" (ack lohe kaa pahiya)."7 khandon koo samay key anusaar 3 bhaagon mein vibhajit kiya gayaa haye. dhaara 1 seey 3 taka toofaan key aagaman seey pahale key samay koo darshaate hain, dhaara 4 seey 6 taka toofaan koo darshaate hain kyonki yeh bhoomi koo tabah curr detaa haye, aur dhaara 7 toofaan key gujarane key baad key samay koo darshaata haye.
pratyek khand kaa saransh.
khand 1 mein, "segiui achim", toofaan shuru honey seey pahale, vatavaran halka aur ashawadi haye. haalaanki, khand 2, "siminhenganyol" mein, kathakar chean, america, france aur koria jaise sthaanon mein duniya bhar mein bechaini koo mahsoos kartaa haye. phir dhaara 3 mein, "taipungui gichim sigan", chetavani aatee haye kii ack toofaan apane karib aaa gayaa haye, aur toofaan kaa vivaran baatchit key madhyam seey diyaa jaataa haye. dhaara 4, "jachchavi", toofaan key kaaran honey vaali arajakta key drishyon koo darshaata haye kyonki church, pustakalaya, veshyalaya aur sadaken avyavasthit hoe jaati hain. khand 5, "biongdune pangyong", toofaan key baad tabah hue paridrishyon kii ack shrinkhala bhee dikhaata haye. khand 6, "olappemiui juman", toofaan dwara laaee gaee nirasha, duhkh aur dukh koo darshaata haye. aur anta mein, dhaara 7 mein toofaan key gujarane key ack dinn baad, "sobekavie nora", ack nayaa suraj ugataa haye aur kavita ack baar phir jeevan kii ichcha aur aashaa kaa geet gaati haye.
vishay aur shally.
"gisangdo" ack tej toofaan kii chhavi key madhyam seey aadhunik samaaj kii aalochana kartaa haye. vishesh roop seey, yeh kavita antarrashtriya mamalon kii asthir sthiti kii tulanaa asthir jalavaayu seey karke 1930 key dashak key faasivaad aur samrajyavad parr vyangya karati haye. kima kirim, joe kavi banane seey pahale ack patrakaar they, ney sampadakiya vibhaag mein kaam karke praapt vibhinn gyaan koo sakriya roop seey apani kavitaon mein laaya. kima kirim mein aise tatva bhee shamil they-jaise kii videshi foolon key naam, antarrashtriya bandargah, antarmahadvipiya antar-mahadvipiya, vishva maanchitra aur videshi vanijya dutawas-joe paathak koo sanket dete they kii ack nayaa yug aaa gayaa haye. yeye visheshtaen hamein kima kirim key adhuniktawadi paksh aur ack aise vyakti koo darshaati hain jisane badalate samay koo sambodhit karane kaa prayaas kiya.
sandarbh.
"gisangdo" tii seey bahut prabhaavit thaa. aiss. elliot kaa "barbad bhoomi". tii. aiss. kavita parr kima kirim key lekhan mein elliot kaa naam aksar dikhaai detaa haye, jise kima kirim ney 1936 mein japan mein likhaa thaa, isase pahale kii unhone aaee kaa adhyayan shuru kiya thaa.aeye. kavita parr richard key siddhant. lekhak key nott mein, aise ansh hain joe ack elliot kii "apashisht bhoomi" kii yaad dilaate hain. udaaharan key liye, kima kirim ney khulasa kiya kii vaha aadhunik sabhyata key harr pahalu koo milakar ack aisaa tukada banaana chaahte they joe ack symphany kii tarah thaa, aur isaki tulanaa usa tareeke seey kii jaa sakati haye jisamen tii. aiss. elliot ney wagner key symphany key kuchh hisson koo "banjar bhoomi" mein inject kiya. "jisangdo" aur "banjar bhoomi" bhee iss arth mein samaantaaen darshaate hain kii way donon lambi kavitaaen hain joe sabhyata key uday aur patan koo aalochanatmak roop seey dekhti hain.  beshak, iska matlab yeh naheen haye kii donon kavitaon key beach bahut antar naheen hain. jabaki "banjar bhoomi" samrajyavad key kendra landan mein sthaapit haye, "gisangdo" samrajyavad kii paridhi parr sthaapit haye, vishesh roop seey aupaniveshik seol aur ardh-aupaniveshik shanghai mein. isi tarah, "gisangdo" 1930 key dashak mein purvi asia kii kalpana key madhyam seey sabhyata key uday aur patan kii phir seey kalpana kartaa haye-jisaki kalpana europe mein "apashisht bhoomi" dwara kii gaee thee.
aalochanatmak swaagat.
samkaaleen antarrashtriya mamalon kii sthiti koo itane badey paimaane parr chitrit karke, aur rangeen bayanbaji aur kaee aadhunik takneekon kaa upayog karke, "gisangdo" ney alochakon kaa dhyaan aakarshit kiya. haalaanki, kaam mein ruchi key parinamswarup sakaratmak swaagat naheen huaa. jabaki alochakon ney iss tarah key mahatvakankshi kaam key mahatva koo sweekaar kiya, unhone kaam kii vaichaarik gaharaai aur vishayagat akhandata key baare mein sandeh paida kiya. haalaanki, isase iss tathya mein koee badalaav naheen aataa haye kii ack lambi kavita key roop mein sabhyata aur aadhunik itihas key baare mein jagrukta vyakt karane key kima kirim key prayaas kaa mahaan saahityik aitihaasik mahatva haye. usa samay koriyai kavita mein usa avadhi key udas vatavaran mein doobane kii bhaavnaatmak pravritti thee; kima kirim ney halanki, ack samantwadi tatva key roop mein aisee pravritti koo door kiya aur aisee kavita banaane kaa prayaas kiya joe aadhunik samay key liye upayukt thee. "gisangdo" yeh sawal poochata haye kii ack banjar bhoomi parr khade hocker kiss tarah key vishva kaviyon kaa nirmaan kiya jaanaa chaahiye jisamen koee bhee abb ateet key geeton key saath samanjasya mein naheen gaa sakata haye. iss arth mein, jaisa kii ack aalochak ney ullekh kiya haye, "gisangdo" usa samay kii samasya koo prastut kartaa haye jiska saamana 1930 key dashak mein koria key adhuniktawadi kaviyon koo karna padaa thaa, aur usa samasya kii saahityik khoj donon.
cover art.
japani aupaniveshik kaal key dauran prakaashit kavita kii sabhi pustakon mein seey kissy kii bhee "gisangdo" key roop mein unaki adhuniktawadi aavaran kalaa key liye adhik prashansa naheen kii gaee haye."jiss vyakti ney" "gisangdo" "key saamane koo sajaaya thaa, vaha ack anya prasiddh koriyai kavi yee song thaa. kima kirim aur yee saang donon koriyai lekhakon dwara 1933 mein gathit ack saahityik samaaj, nine key circle key sadasya they, aur karibi dost they. 21 saal kii umr mein, yee saang koo koria key sarkari general key karyalayon mein ack vastukar key roop mein kaam parr rakhaa gayaa thaa aur unhone usee karyalaya key liye ack design pratiyogita jeeti, jisase unaki design key prati bhavna saabit hui. iss tarah, 1930 key dashak key koria key dou sabse prashansit aadhuniktavadiyon kii kalaatmak samvedanaaen "gisangdo" mein khel rahee hain."doosari or, iss tathya key bavjood kii unhone" "gisangdo" "key liye aavaran taiyar kiya thaa, yee saang 1937 mein apani mrityu seey pahale kavita kii ack pustak prakaashit karane mein asamarth they. yeh kima kirim key alawa aur koee naheen thaa jisane yee saang kii kavitaon key liye ack prastaavana kii yojana banaai aur likhi thee joe 1949 mein maranoparant" "yee saang seonjib" "(yee saang kii chayanit kritiyaan) sheershak key tahat prakaashit hui theen.

