
joseph cseki

joseph saaki (joseph saaki, saaki jozef, jozef saaki aur joseph alexander saziki bhee likhaa gayaa) (18 march 1888-1 maee 1971) ack hangerian avant-garde kalakar, moortikaar aur graphic kalakar they, jinhen ack moortikaar key roop mein cubist andolan mein unaki praarambhik bhagidari key liye jaanaa jaataa haye. cseki peris mein pahali murtikaaron mein seey ack they jinhone apani kalaa mein chitraatmak ghanata key siddhanton koo lagu kiya. aadhunik murtikala key agrani, cseki 20veen shatabdi kii shuruat key sabse mahatvapurna murtikaaron mein seey ack hain. vaha 1911 aur 1914 key beach khand dee 'or samooh key ack sakriya sadasya they, aur 1920 aur 1930 key dashak mein chrystal cubism, purism, dee stizzle, amoort kalaa aur art deco key saath nikatata seey judey they.
cseki ney pratham vishva yuddh key dauran francisi sainikon key saath ladaai ladee aur 1922 mein ack praakritik francisi nagrik bunn gayaa. way 1929 mein ll 'union days artistes modeners (yuu. aeye. aim.) key sansthaapak sadasya they. dwiteeya vishva yuddh key dauran, cseki valensey mein francisi bhoomigat andolan ("laa resistance") key saath senaa mein shamil hoe gaye. 1920 key dashak key anta mein, unhone furniture aur anya sajawati tukadon koo design karane mein kuchh anya kalakaron key saath sahyog kiya, jisamen fashion designer jack ducet key studio house key tatva shamil they.
1928 key baad, cseki lagbhag tees varshon key liye cubism seey adhik alankarik yaa pratinidhitva shally mein chaley gaye. unhone poore europe mein antarrashtriya star parr pradarshan kiya, lekin unake kuchh agrani kalaatmak navacharon koo bhulaa diyaa gayaa. unakaa kaam aaj mukhya roop seey francisi aur hangerian sansthanon key saath-saath sangrahalayon, deerghaon aur france aur videshon donon mein niji sangrhon dwara aayojit kiya jaataa haye.
jeevani.
praarambhik jeevan.
jozsef seeski kaa janm hangri key seged mein huaa thaa, joe usa samay austriya-hangerian samrajya key dohare rajshahi kaa hissa thaa. ack praantiya dakshini shahar, saged abb desh kaa teesara sabse badaa shahar haye.
seeski cumm umr mein apane parivaar key saath budapest chaley gaye, jahan way aksar sangrahalayon aur deerghaon mein jaate they. 1905 mein, cseki koo budapest mein applied arts akadami () mein sweekaar kiya gayaa, jahan unhone dedh saal taka moortikaar (1875-1945) key nirdeshan mein adhyayan kiya. unaki ruchi aakriti chitrakaari key ird-gird kendrit thee, lekin sthaaniya paaramparik kalaa prashikshan (jisamen mitty seey plaster mein moortiyon kii nakal aur jangli foolon kaa modeling shamil thaa) seey asantusht, cseki aur saathi chhatron ney budaa mein photographer-painter laslo kimnach kii karyashala mein adhyayan karane key liye school chhod diyaa.
1907 mein, saadhe chhah maheene taka, unhone peaks mein zolane karkhane mein kaam kiya, syremic aishatre aur phuldan banaae. unhone buddepest mein ack dhaatu sansthaapak key roop mein aur ack samay parr ack taxidermist key saath kaam kiya. roshni aur mahaan kalakaron key liye apani pratishtha seey aakarshit hocker, cseki ney peris, france jaane kaa nirnay liya aur apani jeb mein kewal chaalees "frank" key saath aisaa kiya. unhone 1908 kii garmiyon key dauran jyaadaatar paidal yatra kii, pachas yaa saath kilometres prati dinn paidal chaley. peris mein unake liye ack 'naee duniya' khul gaee. unhone ack ajib naukari karke jeevan yapan kiyaah ack paddler, patthar kaatane vaale key roop mein kaam karna, aur ack sthaaniya kalaa vidyalaya mein chhatron key liye ack model key roop mein kaam karna, ack saptah mein 20 frank banaana. baad mein unhone apane swayam key studio mein vyaktigat kalakaron key liye pose diyaa, adhik paisa kamaaya aur apane kaam koo aage badhaane key liye bahut samay chhoda. 1908 kii sharad ritu taka unhone ack hangerian dost joseph brummer key saath ack studio space saajha kiya, jinhone apane bhaaiyon key saath brummer gallery kholi thee aur kalaa kaa adhyayan curr rahey they. peris mein cseki key aagaman key teen saptah key bheetar, brummer ney nae aaney vaale koo ack moorti dikhaai jiss parr vaha kaam curr rhaa thaah congo seey ack african moorti kii sateek prati. brummer ney seeke koo bataaya kii peris mein ack aur kalakar, pablo picaso naamak ack spaniard, 'nigro' moortiyon kii bhavna mein chitrakaari curr rhaa thaa.
isake kuchh hii samay baad, cseki koo monatparnasse mein kalakaron key saamoohik laa rooche mein ack studio milaa. iss imarat kaa nirmaan gustaav ephil dwara kiya gayaa thaa, aur moortikaar alfred butcher dwara kalakaron key studio key roop mein anukoolit kiya gayaa thaa. laa ruche mein anya pravaasi kalakaron mein alekjendar archipenco (joe usee varsh peris pahunche), vladmir baranoff-rossin aur sonia delone (turk) they. 20veen shatabdi key shuruati varshon mein, anya kalakar joe vahaan ack samay key liye rahate they, unamen gillume apollinaire, ausip zedkin, mois kisling, maark chagal, max petchstein, fernand legger, jacks lipchitz, max jacob, blaze sanders, chaim sautin, robert delone, amedio modigliani, constantin brancusi aur diago nadee shamil they, joe poore europe aur maxico seey peris kii or aakarshit hue.
murtikala takneekon mein mahaarat hassil karane vaale auguste rodin key kaam kii khoj key saath, patthar kii nakkashi mein cseki kaa kaam vikasit hoga.
iss samay key cseki key kaam koo pahale seey hii aakar aur sthaanik sambandhon kii ack ghana samajh, armature aur khule sthaan key ekikaran aur jyaamiti key layabaddh upayog seey pratishthit kiya gayaa haye. vimaanon koo amoort vaastushilp roopon mein chitrit kiya jaataa haye. cubist painting kii unaki murtikala vyakhya gair-paschimi murtikala (chakreeya kalaa, samudri kalaa, pracheen misra kii kalaa) mein niyojit tatvon dwara chihnit haye.
jald hii cseki aur usaki naee perisian premika jeane paster sansthaan aur montpernasse kabristan key paas ruu deevat parr ack saath ack studio mein chaley gaye. unhone shaadi curr lii. 
"abb apane jeevan parr vaapas soch rhaa huun", cseki baad mein likhenge, "main ghatnaaon kii gati seey chakit huun. kuchh maheene pahale main ack garib aur asahaay vyakti thaa jisane khud koo ack ajib desh mein akela paaya thaa, yahaan taka kii bhasha bhee naheen boll rhaa thaa. aur phir, achaanak, ack minut seey agale minut taka, main ack suvyavasthit jeevan vaalaa aadami bunn gayaa, apani aur apani patni kii jagah, ack imandar aur achchi kamkaji mahila."(joseph cseki)
yeh rishta jyada dair taka naheen chalaa. donon alag hoe gaye lekin dosti jaari rakhee. cseki ney rue daalau parr ack chhota saa attari studio kiraaye parr liya. 1910 mein, cseki ney saged mein "ferenk jozf art scholarship" jeeti, jisase unhein peris key ack niji school, ell 'akadami dee laa pallet mein bhaag lene key liye paryaapt paisa milaa, jahan chitrakaar jeane metzinger, aur drey dunoyer dee segonzac aur heinry leey fauconier padhaate they. vaha kalaa key liye apana puuraa samay samarpit karane mein saksham they.
cubism.
"archipenco key baad, cubist mein shamil honey vaale pahale moortikaar they, jinake saath unhone 1911 seey pradarshan kiya. unake baad duchamp-villan [...]..] aur phir 1914 mein lipchitz, laurence aur zedkin dwara."(michel sephor)
cubism key liye preranaaen joe seeke koo prerit karati theen, way vividh theen, kyonki way ack or baito-lavoire key kalakaron key liye theen, yaa doosari or putox samooh key liye theen. jabaki kalaa itihaaskaar cubism key aasavan mein african kalaa key prabhaav parr vibhajit hain, way aam taur parr iss baat seey sahmat hain kii sezen kaa jyaamitiya vakyavinyas mahatvapurna thaa, saath hii chitrakala key liye serat kaa drishtikon bhee mahatvapurna thaa. pratinidhitva key shaastriya tarikon aur samkaaleen parivartanon-audyogik kranti, duniya bhar kii kalaa key sampark mein aaney-key saath badhate asantosh koo dekhate hue kalakaron ney apani abhivyakti koo badalana shuru curr diyaa.
archipenco aur cseki-cubist murtikaaron key saath joe unakaa anusaran karenge-gahare saanskritik parivartanon aur apane swayam key anubhavon seey prerit, apani vyaktigat kalaatmak bhasha mein yogdan diyaa.
cseki ney mahatvapurna varshon key dauran apani kalaa kii disha key baare mein likhaah
"koee sawal naheen thaa joe meraa tarika thaa. sach haye, main akela naheen thaa, balki purvi europe seey aae kaee kalakaron kii sangati mein thaa. main akadami laa pallet mein cubists key saath shamil hoe gayaa, joe kalaa mein naee disha kaa abhayaranya bunn gayaa. apani or seey main kissy kii yaa kissy bhee cheez kii nakal naheen karna chaahata thaa. yahee kaaran haye kii main cubist andolan mein shamil hoe gayaa."(joseph cseki)
apane kalaatmak jeevan kii shuruat mein, cseki ney samajha thaa kii cubism ack mahaan mukti shakti thee. yeh sthaan, dravyamaan, samtal aur disha, gatishil aur samay mein parivartan key saath chaar ayami nirantarta key roop mein murtikala kii prakriti kaa punarmulyankan karane kaa ack saadhan thaa. yeh unake liye apane poorvavartiyon key sammelanon seey, shastriyata seey prasthaan kaa pratinidhitva kartaa thaa.
cseki pahali baar picaso seey daniel-heinry kahanvilar kii gallery mein mille. vaha pahale seey hii gilam apollinaire seey mill chuka thaa, lekin kabhi bhee unamen seey kissy key bhee itane karib naheen thaa jitna kii archipenco, heinry laurence, jack vilan, raymond duchamp-vilan aur jeane metzinger key. way aksar ruu notre-dame-days-champs parr heinry leey fauconier key studio mein, bulleward doo montpernasse key paas, saath hii "montzoi!" key saath milate they."prakaashak rickioto canodo, kaife dee laa rotonde aur montpernasse mein.
cseki ney 1910 key sailoon dee laa society days bukes-arts mein apani atyadhik shailibaddh 1909 kii moorti, "tete dee fame" (portrait dee jeane) kaa pradarshan kiya. agale varsh, unhone "medemoisel daul" (1910) naamak ack proto-cubist kaary kaa pradarshan kiya.
1911 mein, saaki ney archipenko, duchamp, glease, laurencin, laa fresney, legger, picabia aur metzinger key saath "sailoon days independents" (21 aprail-13 juuna) mein apani cubist moortiyon kaa pradarshan kiya. iss pradarshani ney ack 'anaichhik ghotale' koo uksaayaa, jisamen seey cubism, pahali baar aam janata key dhyaan mein laaya gayaa, ubhara aur poore peris aur usase aage fail gayaa. chaar maheene baad saaki ney modigliani, lotey, duchamp-vilan, vilan aur frantisec kupka key alawa ack hii kalakar key saath "sailoon dee 'automane" (1 octuber-8 navambar) mein pradarshan kiya.
agale varsh cseki ney 1912 key sailoon days independents (20 march-16 maee) mein cubists key saath dikhaayah archipenco, glease, laa fresney, laurencin, leey fauconier, legger, lotey, zadkin, duchamp, constantin brancusi, wilheim lambrook, robert delone, juan griss, peat mondrian, alfred raith aur diago river.
cseki ney 1912 (1 octuber-8 navambar) key sailoon dee 'automane mein cubists key saath bhaag liyaah duchamp, duchamp-vilan, glease, laa fresney, leey faucanier, legger, lotey, marcosis, metzinger, picabia, villon aur kupka. 1912 key sailoon dee 'automane kii ack durlabh tasveer mein seki kii "group dee femace" dikhaai detee haye, ack moorti joe abb khou gaee haye, jise kupka key "amorfaah fug inn too colours" key saamane aur amedio modigliani dwara moortiyon key buggle mein pradarshit kiya gayaa haye. usee tasveer mein heinry leey fauconier kii vishal rachana "less montagnards attacuse paar days aschar" (bhalu dwara hamla kiye gaye parvatarohi) abb road dweep school off design sangrahalaya mein dekhi jaa sakati haye; aur francis picabia kaa smaarak "laa source" (vasant), abb newyork mein aadhunik kalaa key sangrahalaya mein.
cseki ney gallery laa boaty (10-30 octuber 1912) mein "section dee 'or" key sadasya key roop mein archipenko, duchamp-vilan, laa fresney, glease, griss, laurencin, legger, lotey, marcosis, metzinger, picabia, kupka, villon aur duchamp key saath pradarshan kiya.
iss samay taka, awant-garde parivesh mein cseki kii bhagidari poori hoe gaee thee.
1914-1918.
"koee kaha sakata thaa kii yuddh seey pahale, peris mein jeevan ack garmi key dinn kii tarah thaa, aur yuddh kii ghoshana key baad aasmaan aur jeevan bhaari, bhaari baadlon seey andhera hoe gayaa thaa" (joseph cseki)
cseki francisi senaa mein ack swayamsevak key roop mein bharti huaa aur usey bulaaye jaane kii ummeed thee. apani company mein shamil honey seey pahale, unhone 19 agast 1914 koo margaret fetriye seey shaadi kii. vaha garbhavati hoe gaee thee aur unake rishte key dauran ack bachcha huaa thaa, aur cseki apane jaane seey pahale apani betty kaa kanuni pitaa banana chaahata thaa, jise pratham vishva yuddh key roop mein jaanaa jaane lagaa.
1918-1928.
yuddh key baad peris lautate hue, cseki ney machine saundarya seey kuchh hudd taka praapt karyon kii ack shrinkhala shuru kii; jyaamitiya aur yaantrik aatmiyataon key saath suvyavasthit. iss samay taka cseki kii kalaatmak shabdawali vikasit hoe chuki theeh yeh ack naee, parishkrit murtikala gunavatta koo darshaate hue spasht roop seey paripakva thee. pratham vishva yuddh key baad key varshon mein utpann krantikari kaary kii tulanaa mein praarambhik aadhunik murtikala mein kuchh bhee naheen haye. yeye gair-pratinidhitva mukt-sthaayi vastuein theen, i.ee., carbonic aur jyaamitiya tatvon key sanyojan seey amoort tri-ayami nirmaan. 
vidwan edith balas yuddh key varshon key baad cseki kii moorti key baare mein likhate hainh
"vaastav mein, murtikala mein kaam karane vaale kissy bhee anya vyakti kii tulanaa mein, kalaa aur cubist siddhant parr piyare rewardy key saiddhaantik lekhan koo dill mein leey liya. "cubism ack utkrisht plastic kalaa haye; lekin srijan kii ack kalaa haye, prajanan aur vyakhya kii naheen."kalakar koo baahari duniya seey" tatvon "seey adhik kuchh naheen lena thaa, aur sahaj roop seey una vastuon key" vichaar "parr pahunchana thaa joe unake liye moolya mein sthir hain. vastuon kaa vishleshan naheen kiya jaanaa thaa; naa hii way anubhav joe way utpann karate they. unhein munn mein phir seey banaaya jaanaa thaa, aur iss tarah shuddh kiya jaanaa thaa. kuchh aspashteekrit chamatkaron seey munn key "shuddh" roop, (samanya jyaamitiya) roopon kii ack poori tarah seey swaayatt shabdawali, baahari duniya key saath sampark banaayegi."(balas, 1998, pri. 27)
yeye 1919 key kaary (ee.jee.shanku aur gole, amoort murtikala") layabaddh jyaamitiya roopon key anukramon seey baney hotey hain, jahaan prakaash aur chhaaya, dravyamaan aur shoonya, ack pramukh bhoomika nibhaate hain. way kabhi-kabhi maanav shareer yaa aadhunik machines kii sanrachana koo ingit karate hain, lekin yeh jhalak kewal "tatvon" (pratidhvani) key roop mein kaary karati haye aur varnanatmak kathaa seey vanchit hoti haye. 1920 key dashak kii shuruat mein cseki kii polychrome raahaten shuddhatavad key saath ack lagaav pradarshit karati hain-usa samay vikasit honey vaale cubism saundarya kaa ack charam roop-vaastushilp prateekon kii unaki kathor arthavyavastha aur kristaliya jyaamitiya sanrachanaon key upayog mein.
gatividhi kii iss teevra jhamele key saath, 19, ruu dee laa boum, peris key gallery dee ell 'affort modern key malik leones rosenberg ney cseki koo leey liya. 1920 taka rosenberg peat mondrian, legger, lipchitz aur cseki key praayojak, vikreta aur prakaashak they. unhone abhee-abhee "leey niyo-plasticism"-mondrian dwara lekhan kaa ack sangrah-aur theo vaine dosberg kaa "classic-barok-modern" prakaashit kiya thaa. cseki ney disambar 1920 mein rosenberg kii gallery mein karyon kii ack shrinkhala dikhaai.
agale teen varshon key liye, rosenberg ney cseki key poore kalaatmak utpaadan koo khareed liya. 1921 mein rosenberg ney "less mattress doo cubism" naamak ack pradarshani kaa ayojan kiya, ack samooh show jisamen seeke, albert glaze, metzinger, mondrian, griss, legger, picaso, laurence, georges brack, auguste herbin, jino severini, georges walmeier, amedi ozenfant aur leopold servage dwara kaam kiye gaye they.
1920 key dashak kii shuruat mein cseki key kaary usa samay kii saamoohik bhavna koo darshaate hain, 
"kamukta kaa ack shuddh incar jisane ghana shabdbhandar koo aayat, urdhvaadhar, kshaitij taka cumm curr diyaa", balas likhate hain, "anushasana aur shakti kaa ack sparton gathbandhan" jiska paalan unhone apane "meenar key aankadon mein kiya."" unake saundarya crum, spashtata, shaastriya sateekta, bhaavnaatmak tatasthata aur drishya vaastaviktaa seey door rahane mein, unhein shaileegat aur aitihaasik roop seey dee stiz andolan seey sambandhit maanaa jaanaa chaahiye."(balas, 1998)
joseph saaki 1922 mein ack praakritik francisi nagrik bunn gaye. unhone ack vyaapaari aur gallery key malik key saath kaam karna shuru kiya, jinhone 1924 seey unhein kansya mein daalane key liye saaki kii moortiyaan khareedin. donon ney art deco shally mein furniture banaaya, jisake bheetar sangamarmar, lakadi aur kaanch key murtikala tatvon koo ekikrit kiya gayaa thaa.
1927 mein cseki ney anya kalakaron key saath sahyog kiya, jinamen miklos, jacks lipchitz aur marcousis shamil they, studio house, ruu sent-james, neuli kii sajawat parr, joe francisi fashion designer jacks dosset key swaamitva mein thaa. dosset post-impressionist aur cubist paintings bhee ekatra curr rhaa thaa; usane seedhe picaso key studio seey "less demoisels dee 'avignon" kharida. cseki ney studio house mein seedhi koo design kiya.
1928-1971, moortivaad kii or.
1928 seey, jabaki unake saathi agraduton ney adhik amurtata kii or rukh kiya, cseki apane praarambhik perisian yug key pahalu cubism seey aur yuddh key baad kii shrinkhala key atyadhik amoort yaa gair-pratinidhitva iraade seey door chaley gaye. alankarik kalaa kii or mudate hue, unhone abb amurtata mein kshamata naheen dekhi.
polish-francisi kalaa aalochak waldemar george 1930 mein cseki key amurtata seey prasthaan key baare mein likhate hainh "ghana, apane achaanak kinaaron key saath samkon vaale polyhedron, koo ovoid aur gole dwara pratisthaapit kiya jaataa haye."ack adhik pratinidhitvaatmak aakriti kii or mudanaa-ack atyadhik shailibaddh, ghumaavdaar aur varnanatmak roop mein-vaastaviktaa key saath sampark koo anumati detaa haye, ack vaastaviktaa joe satah key roop seey adhik gahari thee. apane shesh jeevan key liye, vaha mukhya roop seey yuva mahila shareer mein ruchi rakhate they, ack vishay joe ashawad, khushi aur kalyan koo vyakt kartaa thaa. vaha apane aap mein maanav roop kii sundarta aur abhivyakti seey mohit they. unhone apane vichaaron aur unase judey arthon koo vyakt karane key liye vishay kaa anveshan kiya. unake smaarak aakritiyaan (halanki hamesha aakar mein naheen) ack kaalaatit "amaranthin saundarya" rakhti hain, joe kewal apane liye praasangik ack maulik saar haye."
1930 key dashak key baad seey cseki ney pradarshan jaari rakhaa; unhein france, germany, neetherland, brussels, hangri aur luxemberg mein pradarshanon key saath antarrashtriya star parr dikhaaya gayaa thaa. 1935 mein, unhone grees kii yatra kii, ack aisaa anubhav jisane unake shesh jeevan key liye nagnata kii unaki kalaatmak khoj koo aakar diyaa. 1965 mein vahaan unaki ack pradarshani thee.
1 maee 1971 koo peris mein cseki kii mrityu hoe gaee.
viraasat.
joseph saaki ney aadhunik murtikala key vikas mein kaafee yogdan diyaa, donon murtikala mein cubism koo lagu karane mein ack agrani key roop mein, aur 1920 key dashak kii gair-pratinidhitva kalaa mein ack pramukh vyakti key roop mein.
dwiteeya vishva yuddh key dauran naazi key khilaf francisi bhoomigat andolan key saath ladane key baad, cseki koo kaee kathinaaiyon kaa saamana karna padaah swaasthya mudde, parivarik samasyaaen aur kaam seey sambandhit commission kii kamee. unake kaee doston key vipareet, jinake naam vyaapak roop seey jaane jaane lagey, kuchh logon dwara sarahana kii gaee (lekin unamen vishesh roop seey kalaa sangrahakarta, kalaa itihaaskaar aur sangrahalaya curator shamil they).
"haalaanki, aaj", edith balas likhate hain, "ack uttar-adhuniktawadi vatavaran mein, unaki kalaa key una pahaluon koo joe adhik unnat aadhuniktavadiyon key liye asweekarya they, aasaani seey maanya aur dilchasp key roop mein sweekaar kiya jaataa haye. unake kalaatmak navacharon aur uplabdhiyon key vishleshan key aadhar parr awant-garde key rank mein unakaa sahee sthaan dene kaa samay aaa gayaa haye."
kalaa bajar.
30 octuber 2017 koo, "tete" ("haid") sheershak seey cseki dwara ack rock chrystal aur obsedian murtikala, sothbi key peris mein ack nilami mein $1,077,004 (925,500 euro) mein kharidi gaee thee, joe kalakar key liye ack vishva record haye. 1923 kaa kaam, joe pahale fashion designer jack doos key sangrah mein thaa, bajar mein dikhaai naheen diyaa thaa kyonki ise doos dwara kalakar seey commission kiya gayaa thaa.
aage padhein.
kalanukramik crum menh

