low nivarot, low bocharot

low nivcharot, low bocharot (, "shaabdik roop seey.", nirvaachit naheen, vote naheen denge) israel mein ack haredi nariwadi andolan haye. andolan koo lonilobo yaa nivcharot (hibruh "nirvaachit" kaa stree roop) key roop mein bhee jaanaa jaataa haye.
yeh andolan octuber 2012 mein esty shushan dwara shuru kiye gaye ack facebook pays key roop mein shuru huaa, jisamen haredi mahilaaon koo haredi raajneetik dalon aur samanya roop seey haredi saarvajanik kshetra seey baahar rakhane key virodh mein shuru kiya gayaa thaa. facebook pays ney haredi mahilaaon aur purushon seey una dalon koo matdan karane seey bachane kaa ahwan kiya, jinamen mahilaaon koo shamil naheen kiya gayaa haye. ee., shus aur united torah judism. 
virodh koo vibhinn media outlets dwara vyaapak roop seey cover kiya gayaa thaa, lekin mukhyadhara key haredi saarvajanik hastiyon dwara isaki teevra aalochana kii gaee thee.
aitihaasik prishthabhoomi.
israel mein mahilaaon key matadhikar key liye sangharsh 1918 mein shuru huaa, jaba balfour ghoshana key baad, jaba yishuv (poorv-raajya yahudi samudaay) kii mahilaaon ney saarvajanik sansthanon mein sakriya bhoomika nibhaane kii maang kii-matdaataon aur pratinidhiyon key roop mein. 
mahilaaon kii ichchhaon koo kathor pratirodh key saath puuraa kiya gayaa. sangharsh key kendra mein yeh sawal khadaa thaa kii kyaa mahilaaen vaastav mein vote dene aur pada key liye daudane kii hakdar hain. jawabi abhiyaan mukhya roop seey jerusalam mein puraane yishuv, haredi samudaayon aur yahaan taka kii mijrahi andolan key sadasyon dwara aayojit kiya gayaa thaa. lambe sangharsh key baad, israel mein mahilaaon koo vote dene aur pada key liye daudane kaa adhikaar milaa.
haalaanki, beetane vaale varshon mein, haredi mahilaaon koo saarvajanik aur raajneetik kshetron seey baahar rakhaa gayaa. yeh maanaa jaataa thaa kii way mahilaaon key liye raajneetik pratinidhitva kii maang naheen karna chaahte hain, yaa pada key liye chunaav ladanaa aur janata kaa pratinidhitva karna naheen chaahte hain. haredi dalon-agudat yaaee israel, aur baad mein shaa aur sanyukt torah judawad-ney kabhi bhee mahilaaon koo aam aur nagarpalika chunaavon key liye apani ummidwar soochi mein shamil naheen kiya haye.
haredi samaaj mein hui samajik prakriyaon ney haredi raajneetik dalon mein haredi mahila pratinidhiyon kii maang koo laker ack virodh andolan koo janm diyaa
virodh karein.
octuber 2012 mein, 19vein ghutane key chunaav seey kuchh maheene pahale, esty shushan-ack haredi prachaarak aur film nirmaata-ney ack facebook pays khola jisamen haredi mahilaaon seey aagrah kiya gayaa kii way haredi dalon koo vote naa dein, jinake liye way apani aavaaj dene key aadee hain, joe kii israel mein saarvajanik aur raajneetik haredi sansthanon mein haredi mahilaaon koo ekikrit karane key maarg parr pahala kadam haye.
iss virodh key baad, octuber 2013 mein hue nagarpalika chunaavon mein nagarpalika padon key liye daudane key liye haredi mahilaaon dwara agrani prayaas kiye gaye they. sabse pramukh prayason mein seey ack mahila party irr vee 'aim thee, jiska netritva michael zarnovitsky ney kiya thaa.
2015 mein 20vein ghutane key liye chunaavon key dauran virodh abhiyaan jaari rhaa. iska netritva esty shushan, esty ryder indursky, taali farkash, michael zarnovitsky aur racheli ebemboim ney kiya thaa. disambar 2014 mein, unhone ghutane key haredi sadasyon koo ack saarvajanik patra bheja, jisamen unhone shus aur sanyukt torah judawad mein mahila pratinidhiyon key liye apana anurodh rakhaa. iss abhiyaan ney vyaapak media coverage praapt kii aur apane samudaay mein haredi mahilaaon key adhikaaron aur sthiti key baare mein samanya aur haredi samaaj key beach charcha mein yogdan diyaa, aur poore israel samaaj mein. bijchutan" naamak ack haredi mahila party bhee iss chunaav abhiyaan mein bhaag leey rahee thee, jiska netritva rooth colian curr rahey they. haalaanki, nivcharot kii mahilaaon ney iska samarthan naheen kiya, yeh tark dete hue kii ack haredi mahila party aprasangik haye, aur mahilaaon kaa prabhaav kewal sthaapit haredi dalon key bheetar seey hii hoe sakata haye.
nivcharot ney vibhinn saarvajanik karyon koo anjam diyaa, jaise kii poore israel mein haredi pados mein pashakavil (haredi poster) post karna aur mahilaaon key pratinidhitva key baare mein ack halakik charcha vaale parche vitarit karna. parche haredi pados aur yeshivon mein vitarit kiye gaye they, aur yahaan taka kii unaki chunaav sabhaa key dauran united torah judism party key sadasyon koo bhee diye gaye they. nivcharot key sadasyon ney iss mudde key sambandh mein kaee lekh bhee prakaashit kiye hain, aur israel aur anya deshon mein haredi aur samanya media outlets dwara sakshatkar liya gayaa haye.
pratikriyaaen.
samanya media mein virodh andolan dwara vyaapak aur sakaratmak coverage praapt karane key bavjood, ise mukhyadhara key haredi dwara kadee aalochana key saath praapt kiya gayaa thaa. udaaharan key liye, disambar 2014 mein youtube parr prakaashit ack video vyakhyan mein, rabbi mordchai negrochel ney kahaa kii haredi judawad kaa saar ishwar kii ichcha seey jeene kii ichcha haye, naa kewal torah mein likhi gaee unaki aagyaon seey, balki unaki aatma seey bhee jaisa kii torah vidvaanon dwara samajha gayaa haye. isaliye, unhone daavaa kiya, "haredi mahila" sheershak key tahat torah vidvaanon parr pratinidhitva key liye vyakti kii ichcha koo majboor karane kaa prayaas kuchh hudd taka "schizophrenic" haye. isake baad, unhone halakik nishedh prastut kiya joe pramukh dhaarmik vidvaanon kii nazar mein, saarvajanik padon parr mahilaaon kii niyukti koo rokta haye.
nivcharot kii mahilaaon koo vibhinn dhamkiyan bhee millie hain, jinamen mordchai bloy dwara kii gaee ghoshana, sanyukt torah judawad kii ghutane kii soochi parr sankhya 48, jinhone ack aantarik parche mein likhaa haye kii "koee bhee mahila joe ack party key paas aatee haye joe pramukh rabbiyon dwara nirdeshit naheen haye-usey koee ketubah naheen milega, aur apane shaikshanik sansthanon mein adhyayan karna, yaa usase koee utpaad kharidana nishiddh haye, aur apane sabhi bachchon koo sansthanon seey hataane key liye yeh ack mitzwa haye...]aur yahee baat purushon parr bhee lagu hoti haye. iss parche ney upa attorney general, dinaa silber aur israel kii kendriya chunaav samiti key adhyaksh, justice saleem jaubran koo iss bayaan kii ninda karate hue israel mein panjikrit sabhi dalon key pramukhon koo ack kathor patra bhejane key liye prerit kiya haye, jisamen kanuni pratibandhon kii dhamki dee gaee haye.
iss aalochana key vipareet, beatar ellit mein deegal haitorah party key adhyaksh yitzak ravitz ney janwari 2015 mein kahaa kii yadi ack halaikik anumati dee jaati haye, tou aisaa koee kaaran naheen prateet hotaa haye kii mahilaaen sansadiya kaary bhee kyon naheen curr sakati hain. unake bayaan ney ack saarvajanik toofaan khadaa curr diyaa, aur unhone ack spashteekaran patra likhaa jisamen unhone jore dekar kahaa kii halcha key anusaar, mahilaaon koo zana pratinidhiyon key roop mein seva karane seey pratibandhit kiya gayaa haye. isake alawa, 20vein ghutane key liye chunaavon seey pahale, shaa key adhyaksh, aryah derry ney ghoshana kii-adina baar shalom key saath ack sanyukt press conference mein-ack "mahila parishad" kii sthaapana joe party koo salah degi aur baar shalom aur yafa derry dwara netritva kii jaayegi.
2015 key chunaavon key baad.
2015 mein, low nivcharot, low bocharot koo nivcharot naam seey ack sangh key roop mein panjikrit kiya gayaa thaa. andolan kaa kahana haye kii iska lakshya maujooda haredi raajneetik sansthanon mein mahilaaon koo shamil karna haye, aur yeh kewal mahilaaon key dalon kii sthaapana kaa virodh kartaa haye.
aage padhein.
silvi foggl-bijaui, "israel mein mahilaaon key matadhikar key liye sangharshah 1917-1926", menh agragami aur grihiniyaanh poorv-raajya israel samaaj mein yahudi mahilaaen, dee dwara sampaadit. aiss. bernstein. albany, aine. vaaee.: 1992.

