
jee. doubleu. aar. super sailoon

mahaan paschimi railway super sailoon landan seey plymouth taka naav train yatayat kii seva key liye vikasit aathh railway dibbe they. pratidvandi railway companiyon dwara pesh kiye gaye pratidvandi pullman company key dibbon kii tulanaa mein adhik samriddh honey key liye adhikatam loading gaze key liye nirmit, aur sabhi kaa naam british shaahi parivaar key sadasyon key naam parr rakhaa gayaa, 1930 key dashak key mahaan avasaad kii shuruat key kaaran unaki safalata alpakaalik thee. 1967 mein british rail dwara seva seey baahar leey jaaya gayaa, aaj mool gaadiyon mein seey paanch sanrakshan mein jeevit hain.
prishthabhoomi.
jee. doubleu. aar. key mool samarthakon ney landan seey paschim kii or paschimi desh aur wells mein sthit bandargaahon koo jodane key liye ack seedha maarg pradaan karke yaatriyon aur maal dhulai donon key liye trance-atlantic mahasagar maarg koo gati dene kii isambard kingdam brunell kii yojana koo apanaaya thaa. haalaanki, kaee vittiya samarthak bristol mein sthit they, joe khud ack pramukh bandargah thaa, aur isaliye halanki company ney antatah brunell kii yojana vikasit kii, lekin antatah plymouth key liye ekmatra pramukh uchch gati railway connection vikasit kiya gayaa.
pratham vishva yuddh key baad aur sanyukt raajya america key saath abb aarthik roop seey teji seey badhate hue, mahasagar liner design aur nirmaan mein nae vikas ney adhik vilasita kshamata vaale nae, tej jahaajon koo laaya. inn nauveu-samriddh pratham shreni key yaatriyon koo gati, gunavatta aur seva key liye upayog kiya jaataa thaa; yaatriyon aur teesare shreni key yaatriyon key saath mishran, daak aur maal dhulai kii baat tou chhodiye, way joe chaahte they vaha naheen thaa. nae yaatriyon koo uchch gati samarpit naav train sevaaon kii aavashyakta thee.
natijatan, 1920 key dashak key madhya seey mahasagar key jahaaj koo aakarshit karane key liye ack naee daud shuru hui aur isaliye yeye yatri dakshini railway aur gwr key beach shuru hue. haalaanki jee. doubleu. aar. key paas ack paripath maarg key madhyam seey southampton dock taka pahunch thee, company ney isake bajaay plymouth seey sevaaon koo vikasit karane parr dhyaan kendrit karane kaa faisala kiya. prabhaavi roop seey, yeh bheedbhaad vaale angreji channel mein 6 ghante key bhaap mein chalane vaale samudri jahaaj koo bachaayega, aur kull milakar yatra key samay koo 4 ghante taka cumm curr dega. 1930 taka, 684 liners ney plymouth parr 38,472 yaatriyon koo utaara thaa, jisamen seey adhikansh trance-atlantic graahak they jinhen taba landan key liye parivahan kii aavashyakta thee.
pullman gaadiyan.
apane swayam key dibbon koo paryaapt shandar maanate hue, jee. doubleu. aar. pullman dibbon kaa upayog karane key liye anichhuk thaa. haalaanki, 1928 mein jee. doubleu. aar. board ney pullman company seey saat kaaron key patte koo manjuri dee-chaar rasoi kaaren aur teen parlor kaaren, naheen kii 252-258-jisamen nirmaan kaa upa-anubandh birmingham mein metropolitan camel koo kiya gayaa thaa. shuru mein maee 1929 seey "ocean liner express" naav train key bheetar maanak jee. doubleu. aar. stock key beach-seva parr tainaat kiya gayaa thaa. inn trains koo "connarders" key roop mein bhee jaanaa jaataa thaa, kyonki connard mukhya shipping company thee joe bandargah mein apani trance-atlantic sevaaon koo dock karati thee.
8 julaai 1929 seey, pullman kaaron koo ack naee train "torke pullman limitted" mein tainaat kiya gayaa thaa, joe ack aul-pullman seva thee joe landan paddington aur kewal landan mein rukane key beach saptah mein dou dinn chalati thee. vyaavsaayik safalata naheen, train 1930 kii samay sarini key liye kewal 3 kaar seva key roop mein lauti, lekin garmiyon kii samay sarini key anta mein vaapas leey lii gaee, jisamen purani oak samanya mein sangraheet dibbon key saath. 1931 kii garmiyon mein poori saat kaar train koo vaapas karane kaa prastaav rakhaa gayaa thaa, lekin seva koo sanchaalit naheen karane kaa nirnay liya gayaa thaa.
vikas.
1929 mein, mukhya mechanical engineer charles collet key tatvavdhan mein, jee. doubleu. aar. board ney 1929 seey samudri trains key liye ack naee, badee gaadi key vikas parr sahamati vyakt kii. jee. doubleu. aar. dwara broad gaze koo mool roop seey apanaane key kaaran, maanak gaze track kaa upayog karane vaalaa iska loading gaze kissy bhee anya mukhya bhoomi yuu. key. railway kii tulanaa mein badaa thaa. isane company koo apane swayam key aayamon key liye ack badee bespoke gaadi vikasit karane kii anumati dee, joe pullman sailoon seey chaudi hogi joe taba mahaan paschimi aur dakshini railway donon parr sanchaalit hogi.
collet ney loading gaze laabh kaa puuraa upayog kiya, ack buniyaadi gaadi key aakar koo design kiya joe lambai aur chaude mein thaa-ack maanak british loading gaze gaadi kii tulanaa mein poori tarah seey chauda thaa. parinam yeh huaa kii swindon karyon koo "super sailoon" naamit kiya gayaa-jise seva sanchaalan mein "mahasagar sailoon" aur "connarder" key roop mein bhee jaanaa jaane lagaa-gwr kii mukhya line taka seemit they jinhen mool roop seey broad gaze key roop mein vikasit kiya gayaa thaa. isaliye, pratyek gaadi koo apani antim plate parr chitrit kiya gayaa thaah
collet ney ack nikasi beema policy bhee taiyar kii thee, jisamen inset aind door key saath dibbon koo design kiya gayaa thaa, joe baahari shareer panels key liye 30 degree parr konn they.
sabhi super sailoon swindon key bheetar banaae gaye they. 1471, visheshagya thekedaar trollop aind company dwara pahale dou dibbon koo fitt kiya gayaa. 1931 mein aarekh jee. 60 key tahat, jabaki shesh chhah koo 1932 mein aarekh jee. 61 key tahat swindon works sailoon gaing dwara fitt kiya gayaa thaa. shuru mein khidakiyan ack wind-down becklot prakaar kii theen, lekin inhen 1935 mein sliding vent key saath adhik aadhunik prakaar kii nishchit khidakiyon dwara pratisthaapit kiya gayaa thaa. ack baar jaba baahari bhaag puuraa hoe jaataa haye, tou pratyek dibbe mein maheen french-polish kiye gaye halke rung key akhrot lagey hotey hain, jisamen aantarik sliding darvaajon parr book-matched barr vener panel hotey hain aur fold-down table hotey hain, jinhen soney key patte vaale baal key saath rekhaankit kiya jaataa haye. pratyek gaadi koo taba 30 dheeli (lekin bhaari, unhein yatra key dauran aage badhane seey rokane key liye) wing-back kursiyon seey lais kiya gayaa thaah sailoon mein 26; koop mein 4. british shaahi parivaar key sadasyon key naam parr naamit aathh dibbon kaa puuraa sanchaalan utanaa hii bhavya thaa jitna kii pullman joe unhone pratisthaapit kiya thaa, aur unakaa bhaar bharheen thaa.
super sailoon abb yatayat key liye poori tarah seey upalabdh honey key kaaran, 1931 key anta mein saat pullman kaaron kaa patta samaapt curr diyaa gayaa thaa, aur inhen dakshini railway mein sthanantarit curr diyaa gayaa thaa, joe claffum junction parr sr key paschimi khand carriage pool mein shamil hoe gayaa thaa. super sailoon kii viraasat mein college key 1935 mein "cornish rivera express" key liye nirmit nae "shatabdi" dibbon kaa vikas shamil thaa, jisane phir seey usa maarg parr vyaapak loading gaze kaa puuraa upayog kiya.
sanchaalan.
1931 mein shuru kii gaee, ocean liner express landan paddington aur plymouth milbe key beach pratyek disha mein binaa ruke chalati thee. yaatriyon seey unaki yatra key liye upayukt roop seey poorna pratham shreni kaa kiraya liya jaataa thaa, saath hii gaadiyon kaa upayog karane key liye 10 shilling kaa ack tarfa shulk liya jaataa thaa.
unake vajan key kaaran, aamtaur parr kissy bhee ack samay ack train mein kewal paanch super sailoon sanchaalit kiye jaate they, saath hii yaatriyon key saman koo samaayojit karane key liye dou yatri break vaine bhee sanchaalit kii jaati theen. aksar, trains koo teen super sailoon aur dou yatri break vaine taka cumm curr diyaa jaataa thaa, jisase train adhik gati seey chala sakati thee. mahasagar liner express hamesha devon aur wellington taton parr donon taraf seey sanchaalit hoti thee.
girawat.
halanki shuru mein ack saapeksh vittiya safalata, mahasagar super sailoon aur unaki samarpit trains kaa shubharambh mahaan avasaad kii shuruat key saath huaa. natijatan, trains kii sankhya aur aavritti cumm hoe gaee, jabaki shipping companiyan cumm eendhan kii khapat karane key liye dheemi gati seey apane yatri liner chalaati theen, aur isaliye gati maarg key chayan mein ack nirnaayak kaarak bunn gaee. jaise-jaise southampton dakshin tata yatri bandargah key roop mein vikasit huaa, plymouth ack yatri bandargah key roop mein mahatva mein girawat aaee, halanki shaahi nausena key adhikaari aur cornwall seey kuleenata samudri liner express parr niyamit graahak bunn gaye.
jee. doubleu. aar. ney apane super sailoon key liye nae upayogon kii talash kii, aur newbury rescourse key liye visheshagya bhojan trains key saath-saath niji-charter yatayat parr bhee unakaa upayog karna shuru curr diyaa. dwiteeya vishva yuddh key baad, british railway ney iss upayog key tareeke koo jaari rakhaa, aur ack baar jaba 1950 key dashak kii shuruat mein gaadiyon koo nae laal aur cream rung mein chitrit kiya gayaa, tou way sabhi apane shaahi naam khou baithe. super sailoon kaa upayog karate hue antim samarpit mahasagar express sitambar 1962 mein chalaa, jaba train kaa maanak gathan thaah poorna break-break samagr-super sailoon-kitchen restaraan-super sailoon-super sailoon-poorna break.
sanrakshan.
aathh super sailoonon mein seey paanch sanrakshit kiye gaye hainh

