
paul erdman issert

paul erdman issert (1756-21 janwari 1789) ack german vanaspati vigyaani they. issert kaa janm ragmunde, brandenberg mein huaa thaa, lekin vaha berlin mein shikshit thaa. vaha pakshi laal bishap (euplects orics franciscana (issert)) kii pehchaan karane vaale pahale vaigyaanik they. vaha dennish-norwey key daas vyaapaar koo samaapt karane key apane prayason key liye bhee jaanaa jaataa haye.
unhein dennish ginny mein christiansbourg (osu, akra) key liye mukhya shalya chikitsak niyukt kiya gayaa thaa, joe 1783 mein vahaan pahunche they. unhone paschim africa seey paudhon key namoone ekatra karane kii apani jwalant ichcha key kaaran iss pada kii maang kii thee. vahaan ack baar, yeh mahsoos karate hue kii nivaasiyon key paas koee likhit bhasha naheen haye, unhone swarn tata parr jeevan key sabhi pahaluon key vivaran koo-bhavishya kii peedhiyon key liye-darj karna apana kartavya mahsoos kiya, jaisa kii unhone unhein dekhaa, iss prakaar ack nasleeya, saath hii vanaspati vigyaan kaa nirmaan kiya.
soney key tata parr lagbhag teen saal key baad, desh koo pahale sambhaavit jahaaj parr vaapas europe chhodane key liye achaanak dridh sankalp kiya gayaa. yeh ashanti mein khoj karane seey baadhit honey parr unaki atyadhik hatasha key kaaran thaa. samudra mein dusare dinn, iss jahaaj parr, dennish ginny seey aaney vaale ack gulam jahaaj parr, usane khule samudra mein ack gulam vidroh dekhaa, jisamen usaki lagbhag zaan chully gaee. 452 ashweton kaa maal goron key khilaf chadh gayaa, jisake parinamswarup unaki sankhya kaa 34 hissa aur ack germ ladaai key baad chaalak dall key 2 sadasya ghayal hoe gaye. paschim bhaarat mein, unhone sant crokes, sant kaa daura kiya. thomas, sent johnn, gwadelope aur martinic.
christiansbourg key daas-prasanskaran kalkothri mein, jahaaj parr aur cheeni key baganon mein, usane joe darr aur maanav dukh dekhaa, usase beemar hocker, icert ney atlantic paar key gulam vyaapaar key ghrinit abhyaas kaa ack vikalp pesh kiya. unhone ise naa kewal amanviya, kroor aur anaitik paaya, balki betuka murkhtapurna bhee paaya. 1787 mein sant crokes seey apane pitaa koo bheje gaye ack patra mein, issert ney sawal poochheh
inn african logon ney swatantrata mein hamari madad kii hogi aur cumm majdoori key liye hamein mahanata aur dhana diyaa hoga, jisamen prakriti key khilaf koee aparaadh naheen hoga, yaa hamari vyaktigat aur rashtriya antaratma hogi.
hamein badee sankhya mein logon koo unaki matribhoomi seey ukhaad fenkana kyon padaa, unhein peedaa, yaatana, upman aur mrityu kaa saamana karna padaa; unhein videshi mahadweepon, carribean dweepon, badey aur chhote mein pratyaaropit karna padaa? kyon?
issert yeh pradarshit karna chaahata thaa kii africa mahadweep parr kaaryasheel vrikshaaropan kii sthaapana vyaavhaarik aur laabhdaayak hoe sakati haye. iss uddeshya key liye, unhone ernst heinrich wonn skimmelman kii sahaayata lii, joe usa samay denmark-norwey key vitt mantri they. skimmelman, ack prasiddh aur udartawadi, joe baad mein dennish-norwey key paar atlantic daas vyaapaar koo samaapt karane vaale kaanoon key paarit honey mein mahatvapurna bhoomika nibhaate they, issert key prayaas koo vittaposhit karane key liye sahmat hue.
1788 mein, issert ney apani prasiddh pustak "rees naach ginny unda daine caribshane inseln inn kolambiya" (kolambiya mein ginny aur carribean dweepon kii yatra) prakaashit kii, jisamen unhone daas vyaapaar key saath apane anubhavon aur apane vichaaron kaa varnan kiya. baad mein garmiyon mein, unhone africa key liye yatra kii aur bhoomadhyasagariya kii yaad dilaane vaali upajaau aur thhandi akwapim pahaadiyon mein acropong key paas ack mukut bagan, fredericksonopel kii sthaapana kii, jisamen denmark key raajaa christian VII kii or seey akwapim pramukh, naana obuobi atimo seey bhoomi kharidi gaee. issert aur naana obuobi atimo 1783 mein ack yuddh key dauran, volta nadee parr yuddh key dauran, apane sathiyon key saath they aur unhone spasht roop seey ack sthaayi dosti banaai thee.
naana obuobi atimo kii madad seey, jinhone yojana key baare mein isert key utsaah koo saajha kiya, african shramikon aur europeeya samooh koo bhugtan kiya joe isert key saath they, bhoomi koo saaf kiya aur apane swayam key nirvaah key liye kewal aasaani seey paudhe lagaae. cheeni aur kapas jaise vyaapaar utpaadon koo baad taka bund curr diyaa jaayega.
16 janwari 1789 koo, issert ney denmark key raajaa koo ack report likhi jisamen unhone achchi praarambhik safalata vyakt kii jiska vaha anand leey rahey they. report likhane key paanch dinn baad 21 janwari 1789 koo issert kii mrityu hoe gaee. aisaa maanaa jaataa thaa kii icert kii mrityu ushnakatibandhiya bukhaar seey hui thee. unaki patni, dorothea elizabeth plum, unake bachche, ack betty, joe bhee ack maheene baad, 8 march koo marr gaee, key janm key kuchh hii samay baad marr gaee. issert key sahayakon ney fredericksonopel mein pariyojana koo aage badhaane kaa prayaas kiya, jaisa kii kuchh anya logon ney kiya thaa, lekin yeh vibhinn karakon key kaaran whiffle rhaa; jaise kii samudra seey doori, samarthan kii kamee, aur christianborg seey pratispardha.
baganon kii vyavaharyata key baare mein aashvast hocker, unake bete rajkumar fredrick (joe taba apane pitaa kii mansik bimari key kaaran rajpratinidhi they) dwara 16 march 1792 koo raajaa christian VII key naam parr ack adesh jaari kiya gayaa thaa, joe 1 janwari 1803 koo prabhaavi huaa. iss prakaar denmark-norwey koo atlantic paar daas vyaapaar koo pratibandhit karane vaalaa pahala sthaapit samprabhu raajya honey kaa sammaan praapt haye. lekin antatah, prayogaatmak vrikshaaropan asafal saabit hue.
anya kaary.
"samudra yaatraaen aur samudra yaatraaen. aapke liye ack samvaad haye"

