
vishva kranti

vishva kranti sangathit shramik varg kii sachet krantikari kaarravaai key madhyam seey sabhi deshon mein poonjeevaad koo ukhaad fenkane kii markswadi avadharana haye. siddhantkaron key liye, yeye kraantiyan aavashyak roop seey ack saath naheen hongi, balki jaba sthaaniya paristhitiyaan ack krantikari dall koo safaltapurvak poonjipati swaamitva aur shasson koo badalane aur utpaadan key sadhanon key samajik swaamitva key aadhar parr ack shramik raajya sthaapit karane kii anumati detee hain. adhikansh markswadi schools mein, jaise kii trotskiwad aur saamyavaadi vampanth mein, varg sangharsh kaa anivarya roop seey antarrashtriya charitra aur vaishvik dayare kii aavashyakta mahatvapurna tatva hain aur ack desh mein samaajvaad kii viphalata kii mukhya vyakhya haye.
iss tarah key antarrashtriya unmukh krantikari samaajvaad kaa antim lakshya vishva samaajvaad aur baad mein ack saamyavaadi samaaj praapt karna haye.
saamyavaadi andolan.
roose mein 1917 kii octuber kranti ney poore europe mein samajwadi aur saamyavaadi vidrohon kii ack krantikari lahar koo janm diyaa, vishesh roop seey german kranti, hangerian kranti, dvivaarshik rosso aur alpakaalik finish samajwadi shramik ganarajya key saath finland mein krantikari yuddh, jisane badey laabh arjit kiye aur praarambhik charanon mein kaafee safalata praapt kii.
vishesh roop seey 1918 aur 1919 key beach, yeh prashansaniya lugg rhaa thaa kii poonjeevaad jald hii europeeya mahadweep seey hamesha key liye beh jaayega. iss tathya koo dekhate hue kii europeeya shaktiyon ney usa samay prithvi kii adhikansh bhoomi satah koo niyantrit kiya thaa, iss tarah kii ghatana kaa matlab naa kewal europe mein, balki harr jagah poonjeevaad kaa anta hoe sakata thaa. isake alawa, march 1919 mein sthaapit cummintern kii shuruat duniya bhar key vibhinn deshon key communists key ack swatantra antarrashtriya sangathan key roop mein hui, joe russie grihyuddh key baad ack anivarya roop seey soviyat praayojit agency key roop mein vikasit huaa, joe duniya bhar mein poonjeevaad key krantikari ukhaad fenkane key samanvaya key liye jimmedaar thaa.
vishva kranti kii sambhavana key itane karib honey key kaaran, marksvadiyon parr bhaari ashawad kii bhavna kaa prabhutva thaa, joe anta mein kaafee samay seey pahale kii saabit hui. europeeya kraantiyon koo ack-ack karke kuchal diyaa gayaa, jaba taka kii antatah russie krantikariyon ney khud koo ekmatra jeevit paaya. choonki way iss vichaar parr bharosa curr rahey they kii roose jaisa avikasit aur krishi pradhaan desh europe key adhik audyogik hisson mein safal krantikari sarkaaron kii madad seey samaajvaad kaa nirmaan karane mein saksham hoga, isaliye jaba yeh spasht hoe gayaa kii aisee koee madad naheen aaegi tou way khud koo sankat mein paae gaye.
una ghatnaaon key baad aur aaj taka, antarrashtriya sthiti phir kabhi vishva kranti key itane karib naheen aaee.
jaise-jaise 1930 key dashak mein europe mein faasivaad badhaa, tatkaal kranti key bajaay, commintern ney faasivaad key khilaf udaar poonjipatiyon key saath ack lokpriya morche kaa vikalp chunaa; phir, 1943 mein dwiteeya vishva yuddh kii oonchaai parr, soviyat sangh key paschimi sahyogiyon key anurodh parr commintern koo bhang curr diyaa gayaa.
dwiteeya vishva yuddh key baad.
dwiteeya vishva yuddh key baad poore europe mein krantikari bhavna kaa ack nayaa uday huaa, halanki yeh pratham vishva yuddh seey shuru hui kranti jitani majboot naheen thee, jisake parinamswarup germany mein ack asafal samajwadi kranti hui aur roose mein ack safal kranti hui. grees, france aur itali jaise deshon mein saamyavaadi dalon ney yuddh key dauran faasivaad virodhi pratirodh andolanon key apane netritva key kaaran mahatvapurna pratishtha aur saarvajanik samarthan praapt kiya thaa; iss tarah, unhein chunaavon mein bhee kaafee safalata millie aur 1940 key dashak key anta mein niyamit roop seey chunaavon mein dusare sthaan parr rahey. halanki, koee bhee pahale sthaan parr naheen reh sakaa aur sarkaar naheen banaa sakaa. 
iss beach, purvi europe mein communist dalon key liye, halanki unhone lagbhag ack hii samay mein chunaav jeete, paschimi media ney satta mein aaney mein udaar loktaantrik tatvon kii kamee kii aalochana kii. phir bhee, purvi europe mein saamyavaadi andolanon kaa prasaar huaa, yahaan taka kii kuchh sthaaniya mamalon mein yuu. aiss. aiss. aar. seey swatantra, jaise kii yugoslavia key bhaavi netaa josip broze tito key netritva mein yugoslav pakshakaar, jinhone dwiteeya vishva yuddh key dauran faasivaad aur aksh kabje key khilaf sangharsh kaa netritva kiya thaa.
1960 aur 1970 key dashak kii shuruat mein duniya bhar mein chhaatr aur shramikon key vidroh, cheeni saanskritik kranti, nagrik adhikaar andolan key saath nae vampanth kii sthaapana, black panther party aur isi tarah key sashastr/vidrohi "liberation front" samoohon kaa ugravaad, aur ack baar phir seey shram andolan mein thodaa punrutthan ney kuchh logon koo aisaa lagaa diyaa jaise kii vishva kranti naa kewal sambhav thee, balki nikat bhee thee.
haalaanki, yeh kattarpanthi vaam aatma 1970 key dashak key madhya taka cumm hoe gaee. 1980 aur 1990 key dashak mein dakshinpanthi, aarthik roop seey roodhivaadi vichardharaon (anya udaharanon key alawa, united kingdam mein thaicharvaad aur sanyukt raajya america mein regnomics dwara) aur chean aur viyatnam mein mukt-bajar sudhaaron kii or vaapsee hui.
ekmatra vishva-siddhant key roop mein navudarwad kii prateet honey vaali jeet ney kuchh udaar aur roodhivaadi lekhakon koo, jaise kii francis fukuyama koo, likhane key liye prerit kiya, jaisa kii unaki rachana "itihas kaa anta aur antim vyakti" mein, kii halanki markswadi aur hegelian siddhant sahee thaa, usa dwandwaatmak bhautikvaad ney ack aadarsh samaaj kaa netritva kiya thaa, yeh samaaj vaastav mein beesavin shatabdi key uttaraardh mein udaarvaad thaa, aur yeh kii nikat bhavishya key liye poonjeevaad aur udaarvaad kii seemaon seey parey koee raajneetik parivartan naheen hoga. vaastav mein, markswadi saahityik aalochak terry eagleton key anusaar markswadi siddhant kii maulik vishvasaniyata (halanki isamen badalaav kiya gayaa haye) kii yeh sweekriti, phir bhee aarohi reganite aur thaturite siddhant key saamane isaki vaishvik prayojyata seey incar karane seey 1980 aur 1990 key dashak mein samaaj key kendra mein ack virodhabhas paida huaah kissy ney socha hoga kii aggar 1975 mein markswad sach thaa, jaisa kii kaee logon ney taba daavaa kiya thaa, tou duniya mein hii kuchh vishal samudri-parivartan kaa sankshipt roop 1985 mein bhee sach hotaa. lekin 1985 mein yeh cumm mayane rakhta thaa kii yeh sach thaa yaa naheen, jaise kii 1860 mein bhagwan kaa astitva ack jwalant mudda thaa, lekin shayed hii ack sadee baad. ateet seey viraasat mein mille kaalpanik swarth koo chhodane mein asamarth logon kii chidchidi yaa priya vilakshanta kii tulanaa mein markswad abb cumm pareshan karane vaali chunauti thee. yeh aparivartaniya roop seey aadhunikta key mahaan yug seey sambandhit thaa, jisake bheetar, chaahe vaha sach hoe yaa galat, ise poori tarah seey samajhane yogya pariyojana key roop mein dekhaa gayaa. ack baar jaba vaha yug ack alag samasyagrast sthiti mein chalaa gayaa thaa, tou markswad koo una prashnon key ack sett key liye vaidh pratikriyaon key ack samooh key roop mein dekhaa jaa sakata thaa joe abb agende mein naheen they. iss prakaar kuchh logon kii nazar mein yeh galat lekin praasangik honey seey satya lekin anaavashyak hoe gayaa.markswadi siddhant key bheetar, shram abhijaat varg kii lenin kii avadharana aur samrajyavad kaa unakaa vivaran, aur alag-alag, lekin jaruri naheen kii vikrit shramikon key raajya key baare mein asambandhit roop seey trotsky key siddhant, iss baat key kaee spashteekaran pradaan karate hain kii vishva kranti aaj taka kyon naheen hui haye. kaee samooh abhee bhee spasht roop seey vishvavyaapi saamyavaadi kranti key lakshya kaa peechha karate hain, ise sarvahara antarrashtriyata kii sabse sachchi abhivyakti kahate hain.

