sudhaar dikhaai dey rhaa haye

drishya marammat marammat kaary kaa ack roop haye, aamtaur parr kapada vastuon parr, jise jaanboojhkar drishyamaan chhod diyaa jaataa haye (adrishya marammat kii tulanaa mein). iss pratha key dohare lakshya vastu koo sajana aur iss tathya kii or dhyaan aakarshit karna haye kii ise kissy tarah seey thheek kiya gayaa haye. baad vaalaa aksar tooty hui vastuon koo poorna karyakshamta parr vaapas laane kii koshish kiye binaa naee vastuon key saath badalane key upabhoktaavaadi vichaar parr aalochana kaa ack bayaan hotaa haye.. dusare shabdon mein, marammat koo vastu kii ack naee aur vishisht visheshta maanaa jaataa haye.
vidhiyaan aur samagri.
drishya marammat gair-paaramparik tareeke seey vastu kii marammat karane kaa ack abhyaas haye, jiska arth haye kii marammat kaary kii saralata aur gati parr cumm mahatva diyaa jaataa haye aur sajawati pahalu parr adhik. drishya marammat key lokpriya tareeke hainh
una vidhiyon kaa aksar ack saath upayog kiya jaataa haye, udaaharan key liye kadhaai kaa upayog karke aur usake oopar sequin jodkar ack patch koo aansuu parr silaaya jaa sakata haye.
patching samagri koo aamtaur parr haath seey silai suee yaa silai machine kaa upayog karke thheek kiye gaye kshetra mein silvaya jaataa haye. kadhaai key hoops kaa upayog aksar thheek kiye gaye kapade key kshetra koo uchit roop seey tanaavpurna rakhane key liye kiya jaataa haye aur isamen koee bhee jodd binaa marammat samagri parr adhik aasaani seey silane kii anumati detaa haye. anya vyaapak roop seey upayog kii jaane vaali vastu ack darning andaa haye; ack upkaran joe ack golakar aakar parr thheek kiye gaye kshetra (aamtaur parr ack moje kii aidee) koo failaane aur aakar kii vikriti koo rokane kii anumati detaa haye.
pratyaksh roop seey thheek karane key liye upayog kii jaane vaali samagriyon mein shamil hainh
choonki yeh pratha shilp samudaayon kaa dhyaan aakarshit curr rahee haye, kaee tutorial online upalabdh hain; kuchh dukaanon ney drishya marammat kii badhati lokpriyata key kaaran haberdassery vastuon kii bikri mein vriddhi kaa anubhav kiya haye. johnn luis department store key press karyalaya key anusaar, joe bikri key rujhaanon koo iss pratha kii lokpriyata key liye jimmedaar thaharaata haih department store shrinkhala ney kahaa kii yeh darning suiyon seey bick gayaa thaa aur darning oona kii bikri saal-darr-saal doguni hoe gaee thee [2022 seey 2023], jabaki patch aur marammat tape jaise marammat utpaadon kii bikri 61 pratishat badh gaee thee.
samajik aur aitihaasik pahalu.
itihas aur kismein.
kaee logon kaa tark haye kii samkaaleen roop seey jise drishya marammat kahaa jaataa haye, uska vartamaan punruddhar sadiyon purani prathaon kii ack saanskritik punah khoj haye. udaaharan key liye, "kaantha" ack bangali parampara haye jisamen achchi tarah seey pahane gaye kapadon koo chalane vaale silai key saath silai karke paraton mein patch kiya jaataa haye, jabaki "khet" kaa bihaar abhyaas jyaamitiya marammat-shaman kaa ack roop haye. "boro", ack seam sudridhikaran takneek kaa upayog japan mein eedo kaal mein garib, graameen samudaayon kii mahilaaon dwara kiya jaane lagaa, jinhone kapadon aur bistar linnon key jeevan koo badhaane kii koshish kii. isake kaaran, kapade naa kewal adhik tikaau, balki germ bhee hoe gaye. adhik vyaapak roop seey gyaat "shashiko" "boro" kaa ack adhik sajawati roop haye, aur jyaamitiya pattern dwara visheshta haye. inn tatvon mein machhali key taraju, heere, pahaad, baans, patte, teer, pumps ghaas aur "shippo-sunagi" (ack pattern jisamen "saat khajaane" kaa prateek paraspar sanlagn jyaamitiya aakar shamil hain) shamil hain. halanki, "shashiko" kaa upayog naa kewal marammat key liye kiya jaataa thaa, balki kewal vastra vastu koo sunder banaane key liye bhee kiya jaataa thaa.
18veen shatabdi kii shuruat seey paschimi sanskritiyon mein sajawati darning kaa vyaapak roop seey upayog kiya jaataa thaa; kaee darning namoone butch gaye, vibhinn prakaar key taanke pradarshit karate hue jinhen kapade koo sajaakar marammat karane key liye maanaa jaataa thaa; sabhi namoone aamtaur parr safed yaa beij kapade parr vipareet dhaage kii visheshta rakhate hain. kuchh itihaskaron key anusaar, adhikansh darning sampler ladkiyon dwara apani kishoravastha mein apane gharelu kaushal kaa vigyaapan karane key tareeke key roop mein banaae gaye they. samkaaleen samachar patron key vigyapanon mein aisee naukaraniyon kaa ahwan kiya gayaa thaa jinhen samanya roop seey kapade kii marammat aur marammat kaa anubhav thaa, kyonki inn kshamataon kii kamee kaa matlab hoga kii kapadon koo marammat key liye baahar bhejane kii aavashyakta hogi. 
british soochana mantralaya dwara jaari 1943 kaa parcha "meck doo aind mend" una grihiniyon key liye ack sahayak thaa, jinhen yuddh key prayason key kaaran vastron key raashan seey nipatna padaa, aur kapadon kii marammat aur rakharkhaav key vibhinn tarikon kaa varnan kiya. iss pustika mein maujooda kapadon koo apsaran seey hataane key liye drishya marammat kaa upayog karane key liye kaee sujhaav they, jaise kih "ack mahila kaa oonee kood, yaa resham kaa blouse yaa ack frock jisamen bahut saare chhote chhed hotey hain...] chhote foolon yaa anya designs parr kadhaai karke sajawati roop seey marammat kii jaa sakati haye. parche kaa ack puuraa hissa vishesh roop seey sajawati patching key liye samarpit haih jaba aapako kapade seey mell khaane key liye ack patch naheen mill rhaa haye, tou jitna sambhav hoe sakey utanaa sajawati karein. kapade key daahine taraf patch koo kuchh fancy silai key saath lagaaen, jaise kii fether-silai, herring-bone yaa buttonhole, aur patch koo mool samagri key vipareet ack tej rung honey dein. ise ack fancy aakar dein; udaaharan key liye, aap ack ghiri hui kohni koo heere yaa dill key aakar key patch seey chhipa sakate hain, aur usee samagri kii ack jeb koo bodis yaa scurt parr daal sakate hain, taaki yeh jaanboojhkar dikhaai dey. polland janvaadi ganarajya mein (aur, tarkapoorvak, soviyat prabhaav key kshetra mein anya deshon mein) koopan raashan kii vaastaviktaa key sanghrshon key beach nagrikon koo apane kapadon key jeevan koo lamba karane mein madad karane key liye isi tarah kii salah vaali kaee pustikaaen prakaashit kii gaeen. ack lokpriya patrika "moda ee zaayasi practisene" ("fashion aur vyaavhaarik jeevan") key ack patrakaar ney kahaa kii "rangon, silvaton, silai-onn, fastner aur lessing key saamanjasyapurna sanyojan mein [kapadon key] parivartan itane sunder they kii kissy koo sandeh haye kii faishnavid nae kapade banaane key liye taiyar hain jaise kii way badale gaye they."ack lokpriya polish jeevan shally patrika, prazecrose mein, dou kaalpanik dost-lucinca aur polynca-niyamit roop seey iss baare mein charcha curr rahey they kii kissy koo kapade kaise thheek karane chaahiye taaki way fashionable aur thaath dikhein. 
kuchh logon kaa tark haye kii drishya marammat (ack kapadon kii vastu mein ack cheer koo bund karane key liye joe bhee prayaas karane key roop mein samajha jaataa haye) ney 1970 key dashak mein ack aadhunik punruddhar kaa anubhav kiya, kyonki vivien westwood ney apane punk designs koo suraksha pinon key saath yaa pinn kiye gaye patch key saath sajaakar yaa kapade mein aansuu koo ack saath rakhane key liye kewal suraksha pinn kaa upayog karke abhyaas parr ack surkhiyan batori. punk aur grunge sanskriti key kshetra mein, jaanboojhkar fatey hue kapade ack vidrohi fashion bayaan bunn gaye, joe samajik maandandon aur yuva vyaktiyon key liye upalabdh seemit avsaron key khilaf ack mukhar virodh kaa prateek thaa. kapadon koo aksar vibhinn tarikon kaa upayog karke iss tathya kii or dhyaan aakarshit karane key liye vaapas rakhaa jaataa thaa kii kapadon kii vastu kissy tarah kshatigrast hoe gaee haye, aur dosh chhipa naheen haye, balki khule taur parr pradarshit kiya jaataa haye. westwood ney khud samudaay seey anurodh kiyaah "cumm khareeden. achchha chunein. ise antim banaa dein."
garibi kaa khel aur punrutthan key kaaran.
soshal media parr sudhaar kii badhati sanskriti iss baare mein charcha koo badhaava detee haye kii kaise ack kaary joe cumm visheshaadhikaar praapt samoohon key bheetar dainik ghatana rahee haye, tathaakathit "garibi cosplay" kii nus mein adhik samriddh samudaayon dwara vyaapak roop seey lokpriya honey kii pravritti bunn rahee haye. aalochana mein aksar garibi seey peedit vyakti kii roodhivaadi kalpana kaa hawala diyaa gayaa haye, joe patch kiye hue kapade pahane hue haye, jise fashion pravritti key liye phir seey banaaya jaa rhaa haye. jabaki kuchh samoohon key liye kapadon kii marammat ack aavashyakta thee aur haye, vishesh roop seey nimn samajik-aarthik sthiti vaale logon key liye, drishya marammat ack paridhan koo sajaakar thheek karane key liye samay nikaalane key liye paryaapt visheshaadhikaar praapt honey kaa sanchaar karati haye, aur iss prakaar upayogita-kendrit marammat kii tulanaa mein ack asadharan haye. kett fletcher ney iss ghatana koo chitrit karane key liye "marammat key deerghakaalik saundaryashastra mein anand" key varnan kaa upayog kiya. samkaaleen samay mein, 1990 key dashak key madhya seey fashion upbhoktaon kii yuva peedhiyon key beach jaanboojhkar cheer, daag aur kharaab seams key saath nae kapade khareedane kaa kaary ack aam pratha bunn gayaa haye. pariprekshya mein yeh badalaav iss baat kii badalati dhaarana koo darshaata haye kii kyaa fashionable haye, iss prakaar yathaasthiti key khilaf mool kathan kaa vyaavsaayikaran kiya gayaa haye-lekin, jaisa kii kuchh loga tark dete hain, vastuon koo thheek karane kii pratha bhee rahee haye, iss pahalu koo dekhate hue kii vishesh "marammat kitt" duniya bhar mein beche jaa rahey hain, jisamen aksar niyamit gharelu vastuen, jaise kainchi, dhaga aur pahale seey paik kiye gaye kapade key khurdare hotey hain.
isake vipareet, kuchh samajshastriyon kaa tark haye kii drishya sudhaar iss tathya koo ujagar karane kaa ack tarika haye kii "rachnaatmaktaa aur banaae rakhane key shilp kaa jashn manaane key bajaay, hamane hamesha sherm aur garibi aur aavashyakta parr dhyaan kendrit kiya haye" aur iss sammaan koo bahaal kiya haye kii garibi seey peedit vyaktiyon koo samajik kalank key kaaran chheen liya gayaa thaa. yeh dekhate hue kii poore itihas mein kapada kaary koo ack mahila khoj key roop mein maanaa gayaa haye, sudhaar key kaary kii or dhyaan aakarshit karna bhee ack nariwadi kathan key roop mein maanaa jaa sakata haye.
kuchh loga covid-19 mahamari aur lockdown key kaaran drishyamaan sudhaar aur thoke shabd key punarnirmaan koo jimmedaar thaharaate hain. jinn logon ney logon koo apane rahane key sthaanon key bheetar manoranjan kii talash karane key liye prerit kiya aur aisee gatividhiyon koo aajmaane kaa prayaas kiya joe gair-upabhokta, bohemian sanskriti seey judee theen, jaise kii rotty pakana.
ack aalochana aur avagya key kaary key roop mein abhyaas karein.
haal key dashakon mein kapadon koo thheek karane kaa kaushal cumm hoe gayaa haye, jiska mukhya kaaran teji seey fashion kaa prachalan aur puraane kapadon kii marammat key bajaay aasaan aur kifayati kapadon key pratisthaapan parr jore denaa haye. natijatan, kaee vyaktiyon mein button pratisthaapan yaa moje koo thheek karane jaisi saral marammat key liye aavashyak buniyaadi silai kaushal kii kamee hoti haye aur kissy vastu koo thheek karane kaa nirnay jeevan key ack tathya key bajaay ack vyakti dwara jaanboojhkar, vaikalpik kaarravaai haye. nae kapade khareedane kii suvidha aur samarthya ney marammat key madhyam seey maujooda vastuon key sanrakshan aur rakharkhaav key poorv mein prashansit moolya aur mahatva koo chhod diyaa haye. kuchh chikitsak vastuon koo thheek karane key kalank kaa varnan karate hainh
loga thheek honey key bahut saare kaaran hain, halanki marammat key baare mein kalank jeevit aur achchi tarah seey haye. haal hii mein maine apane saathi, ack shikshak key liye ack pasandida shirt mein sudhaar kiya, jise baad mein ack chhaatr ney poochha, "mahodaya, kyaa aap ack naee shirt naheen khareed sakate?joe kabhi ack vilasita vaali vastu thee, kapadon kaa ack nayaa tukada, kuchh logon key liye bekaar hoe gayaa haye, aur kashmiri jaise mahange aur durlabh dhaage abb sarvavyaapi hain. 
manodasha mein yeh badalaav, joe kii kharch seey door haye, ack majboot poonjiwadi virodhi bhavna rakhta haye aur ise pradarshankari pratirodh yaa vastron kii khapat koo cumm karane key saamaanyikaran key roop mein dekhaa jaataa haye, joe kii baahari roop seey sanchaarit karke unhein sudhaartaa haye. ise kabhi-kabhi shilpvaad kahaa jaataa haye. halanki, kuchh kapadon key brandon ney naveenata vipanan key ack roop key roop mein drishya marammat koo apanaaya (udaaharan key liye popp-upp upsicling ayojanon key roop mein), joe sthirata key liye samarpan kaa sanchaar karate hain, jabaki apane swayam key maal koo badhaava dete hain, iss prakaar teji virodhi fashion kaaryakartaon seey aalochana praapt karate hain.
gair-vastra vastuon kaa drishyamaan sudhaar.
"kintsukurai" japan mein utpann ack samaan pratha haye; isamen choorn soney, chaandi yaa platinum key saath mishrit laah kaa upayog karke toote hue kshetron kii saavdhaanipoorvak marammat karke toote hue mitty key bartanon kii bahaali shamil haye. yeh takneek naa kewal toote hue tukadon koo thheek karati haye, balki ack advitiya aur drishtigat roop seey dilchasp prabhaav paida karate hue keemati dhatuon key saath sudhaar kiye gaye kshetron koo bhee badhaati haye. girati divaaron yaa anya sanrachanaon koo thheek karane key liye lego eenton kaa upayog karane kaa abhyaas bhee drishya marammat kaa ack roop haye.

