
charles bayer

charles fredrick bayer (unake mool german naam carle fredrick bayer kaa ack angreji roop) (14 maee 1813-2 juuna 1876) ack prasiddh german-british locomotive designer aur builder they, aur mechanical engineeron key sansthaan key saha-sansthaapak they. way manchester key gorten mein bayer, pcock aind company key saha-sansthaapak aur pramukh engineer they. ack paropkari aur gahare dhaarmik, unhone gorten mein teen parrish churchon (aur sambaddh schools) kii sthaapana kii, manchester vyaakaran school key governor they, aur aaj manchester vishvavidyalaya key liye sabse badaa daataa baney hue hain. unhein lanticillio church, lanticillio, langolen, denbighshire north wells key kabristan mein dafnaya gayaa haye. lanticillio church unake poorv 700 ekad lanticillio holl estate key maidan key bheetar haye. uska haveli ghar, joe 1872-1874 banaaya gayaa haye, paas mein hii haye.
praarambhik jeevan aur currier.
germany.
bayer ack bunkar kaa betaa thaa, joe shuruat seey hii vinamra thaa. saxony mein janme, unase apane pitaa key nakshekadam parr chalane aur ack haath bunkar key prashikshu banane kii ummeed kii jaati thee. unhein jile mein ack chhaatr vastukar dwara chitra banaana sikhaaya gayaa thaa. unaki maan ney unakaa ack vastukar banane kaa sapana dekhaa aur unhone unhein ganit aur chitrakaari padhaane key liye paise diye. unake kuchh chitra ack "prakhyaat chikitsa sajjan", ack "mister wonn sechandorf" (joe parivaar key ack anya sadasya seey milane jaa rahey they) dwara dekhe gaye they, aur unake liye ack jagah dresden polytechnic, ack takniki shiksha sansthaan mein kharidi gaee thee (yeh kahaa jaataa thaa kii unake maataa-pitaa garib they aur unake bete koo college bhejane key liye unake paas paise naheen they, lekin way sivil sevak koo aparaadh dene seey darte they). bayer ney visham naukariyan karke ack alp raajya chhatravritti kaa poorak kiya (ack paropkari mahila koo usa saptah uchchatam ankon key saath chhaatr koo ravivaar kaa ratribhoj dene kii aadat thee. bayer bhojan parr nirbhar thaa, aur isake parinamswarup yeh sunishchit kiya kii vaha sabhi seey behtar pradarshan karey).
dresden akadami mein apani padhaai poori karane key baad, bayer ney camnitz mein ack machine work mein naukari kii, aur unhone bunai machine praudyogiki parr report karane key liye united kingdam jaane key liye saxon sarkaar seey raajya anudan praapt kiya. unhone duniya key pahale audyogik shahar manchester kaa daura kiya. yeh kapas milon ney sthaaniya arthavyavastha koo chalaaya. liverpool aur manchester railway, duniya kaa pahala bhaap seey kheencha jaane vaalaa yatri railway, abhee-abhee khola gayaa thaa aur loga abb pahali baar ghodon kii tulanaa mein teji seey yatra karane mein saksham they. vaha kapas mill praudyogiki mein navintam vikas parr apani report dakhil karane key liye dresden laut aae, aur unhein saxon sarkaar dwara puraskrit kiya gayaa.
ingland.
saxony kapas milon kaa prabandhan karane key dou prastaavon key bavjood, bayer manchester lautane key liye dridh thaa. 1834 mein, 21 varsh kii ayu mein aur thodi see angreji bolane vaale, vaha apane shikshak, professor schubert key saath manchester laut aae, jinhone unhein aiss. aiss. seey parichit karaaya. dekho aur saha, shahar mein ack prasiddh vyaapaari. jabaki way usaki madad naheen curr sakey, unhone usake liye ack sakshatkar praapt kiya jisamen unhone tej, roberts aind koo, (atlus works) key saath thomas koo prabhaavit kiya. haalaanki, angreji kii kharaab kamaan key saath ack german apravasi koo niyukt karke apane shramikon koo alag karane kaa jokhim uthaaya; bayer koo sthiti key baare mein spasht kiya aur usey apani yatra laagat koo puuraa karane key liye ack samprabhu kii peshkash kii. bayer ney paise dene seey incar karate hue kahaah "yeh kaam haye joe main chaahata huun", aur jore dekar kahaa kii vaha bahut cumm paise key liye kaam karane key liye taiyar thaa. bayer key ravaiye seey prabhaavit hocker, unhone jokhim uthaaya aur unhein ack cumm vetan vaale draftsman key roop mein niyukt kiya, joe mukhya engineer richard roberts key margadarshan mein kaam curr rahey they.
1852 mein, jaba sivil engineeron key sansthaan mein bharti kiya gayaa, tou unakaa pataa 60, cecil street, manchester key roop mein bataaya gayaa thaa. unake prastaavak richard roberts they, aur unhein robbert stephenson aur isambard kingdam brunal ney samarthan diyaa.
1861 kii janganana mein kahaa gayaa haye kii bayer 9, hyde road, manchester kii umr 47 mein rahate they, engineer 800 purushon koo janm saxony, elija seddon, 55, vidhwa, janm velle, housekeeper, janm manchester, catherine ellis, 50, vidhwa, rasoiya, mairi johns, 23, ghar kaa naukar, janm velle, aine hugg, 23, ghar kaa naukar, janm velle. 11, hyde road parr uska padosi charles sacrey, 29, sivil engineer thaa.
1868 mein, yuu. key. kii sarvekshan pustak mein kahaa gayaa haye kii lanticillio key parrish mein, unhone apana pataa steinly grove, oxford street, manchester (abb manchester royal aspatal, shikshan aspatal kii site) key roop mein bataaya. unhone surr watkin winn koo vote diyaa
1871 kii janganana mein kahaa gayaa haye kii bayer 1, steinly grove, oxford street, (abb oxford road), manchester mein rahate they. usa samay way 57 varsh key they aur unhone kahaa kii unakaa vyavasaay "mechanical engineer, firm key niyokta, bayer, morr aur saha., locomotive builder, lagbhag 1,500 purush aur lanticillio, (lanticillio holl), aine key parrish mein lagbhag 700 ekad bhoomi key malik. wells. suzana williams, 54, ghar kii rakhwali karane vaale kaa janm gwidelwyn, aine. wells (lanticillio key paas), elizabeth hugg, 44, housemade, medluck parr janm lene vaali charlton, catherine evance, 25, vetress, janm lene vaali langolan, weinfred roberts, 22, rasoi kii naukarani, janm lene vaali lanfour.
5 saal kii umr mein unake padosi, steinly grove taba 19 saal key they, aur frankfurt, germany seh arther shuster, joe anuprayukt ganit key pahale bear professor banane key liye niyat they. ovens college jaba manchester kaa victoria vishvavidyalaya banaa (1904) taba way bhautiki key professor they. pratham vishva yuddh mein scuster parr jasusi kaa aarop lagaaya gayaa thaa jaba usake paas ack radio thaa joe peris aur berlin seey sanket praapt curr sakata thaa (usane apane aarop lagaane vaalon parr mukadama daayar kiya aur daan key liye paise diye).
ack anya padosi, 4 saal kii umr mein, stanly grove, 83 saal key saloman ell boren they, joe aiss key sansthaapak they. dekho & saha., jinhone 37 saal pahale, 1834 mein richard roberts koo bayer kii shuruat kii (neeche dekhein).
friedrich engels pados mein bhee rahate they 1840-1870; 25 aur 58 dover street aur 6 thorncliffe grove (abb thorncliffe house, manchester holl off residence kaa ack vishvavidyalaya; (carle marks manchester mein engels key liye aksar agantuk they). engels ney 1844 mein manchester kii kapas milon mein victorian shramikon dwara saamana kii jaane vaali sthitiyon key baare mein apane adhyayan key baad "ingland mein shramik varg kii sthiti" likhi. bayer usa samay atlus works mein abhee-abhee mukhya abhiyanta baney they.
sharp, roberts aind koo.
company ney kapas mill machinary kaa nirmaan kiya aur abhee-abhee liverpool aur manchester railway key liye injanon kaa nirmaan shuru kiya thaa. swayam-shikshit honey key bavjood, binaa kissy vishvavidyalaya kii shiksha yaa prashikshan key, roberts ack vipul aavishkaarak they. unaki pratibha kagaj parr apane vichaaron koo spasht roop seey vyakt karane mein unaki asamarthata seey baadhit thee; unhone apane masaude key baare mein kahaah
dresden mein bayer key takniki prashikshan key saath-saath chitrakaari aur design key liye unaki praakritik yogyata ney unhein roberts key liye ack aadarsh bhagidar banaa diyaa.
sooti mill machinary koo design karane mein baad vaale key kaushal ney locomotive design mein safalata mein anuvaad naheen kiya, lekin unhone bear mein apana vishvaas rakhaa aur unhein company key nae injanon key design aur utpaadan koo sambhaalane diyaa. bayer ney una injanon koo design kiya joe tej, roberts aur saha-prasiddh locomotive builders key roop mein they. roberts 1843 mein firm seey sevaanivritt hue aur bayer mukhya engineer bunn gaye.
1842 mein bayer ney ack nivida taiyar kii joe british railway key liye maanak bunn gaee. baahari frames kii visheshta. 3 octuber 1846 koo, unake ack "saman" injan ney manchester mein lambi drishti seey 597 tunn vajan key 101 vaiganon kii ack train koo 13.7 meal prati ghante kii ausat gati seey 29 meal kii doori parr kheencha. yeh usa samay kaa vishva record thaa. 1847 mein, isi tarah kaa ack injan, landan aur birmingham railway parr 3,004 meal taka chalaa, jisamen kewal 0.214 lb prati tunn prati meal kii cock khapat hui.agale sabse achche injan ney 0.38 pound prati meal jalaaya, ack aur record. 1849 taka, bayer ney 600 seey adhik injanon key utpaadan mein madad kii thee.
1844 mein saxony key raajaa ney atlus kaa daura kiya; bayer ney unhein kaam dikhaaya, aur jald hii saxony sarkaar company seey injanon kaa adesh dey rahee thee. bayer kii mukhya design visheshataaen boiler line koo uchch star parr rakhna thee joe sucharu roop seey chalane key liye banaaya gayaa thaa. boiler koo vistaar karane kii swatantrata dene vaale way pahale vyakti they. british railway injanon kaa aakar aur roop kissy bhee anya designer kii tulanaa mein bayer key liye adhik bakaaya haye.
5 navambar 1852 koo ingland mein bayer kaa prakritikkaran kiya gayaa thaa. agale varsh (1853), apane chune hue peshe key shikhar parr honey key bavjood, imeche key upaadhyaksh aur george stephenson, robbert stephenson, surr daniel gooch, johnn ramsbottom aur anya key dost honey key bavjood, unhone company chhod dee. iss kadam key parinamswarup unhein ack saajhedaari key liye nazarandaj curr diyaa gayaa thaa (shree see. pee. stuart koo ack bhagidar niyukt kiya gayaa thaa), yaa sambhavatah ack tej bhatiji key liye unake ektarafa pyaar key kaaran; phir bhee unhone chhah maheene europe kaa daura kiya aur oxford yaa cambridge mein adhyayan karane parr vichaar kiya.
mechanical engineeron kaa sansthaan.
bayer iss sansthaan key saha-sansthaapak they. "grace guide" kahata haih
vaikalpik roop seey, lickie incline parr locomotive parikshanon koo dekhane key baad, james maconnell key ghar mein bromsgrove mein iss vichaar parr anaupchaarik roop seey charcha kii gaee thee. charles bayer, richard pcock, george selby, archibald slate aur edward humphrey maujood they. praarambhik charcha key liye bromsgrove adhik sambhaavit ummidwar hoe sakata haye, cumm seey cumm isaliye naheen kii maconnell bhee shuruati varshon mein ack prerak shakti thaa. 7 octuber koo iss vichaar parr aage vichaar karane key liye birmingham key queens hotal mein ack baithak hui aur isake udghaatan key vichaar koo dekhane key liye mcdonnell key saath ack samiti niyukt kii gaee.
chaahe george stephenson aur doston key saath cecil street parr bayer key ghar parr anaupchaarik sabhaa, yaa bromsgrove mein baithak, pahala bindu thaa jiss parr vichaar uthaaya gayaa thaa, sharad ritu 1846 taka inn charchaon ney 27 janwari 1847 koo karjan street, birmingham mein queen hotal mein aupchaarik sthaapana kii.
bayer sivil engineeron key sansthaan key sadasya bhee they, aur 24 janwari 1854 seey, manchester saahityik aur daarshanik samaaj key sadasya they. johnn dalton, james prescott jool, villium fairbern, heinry rosco aur joseph whiteworth samkaaleen sadasya they.
bayer, morr aur company.
richard mayur ney 1854 mein gorton mein manchester, schafield aur linkenshire railway key locomotive key mukhya abhiyanta key roop mein apane pada seey istifa dey diyaa. injanon key nirmaan key liye adesh praapt karane kii apani kshamata mein vishvaas, bayer key istife ney mayur koo saajhedaari kaa avsar pradaan kiya. haalaanki, yeh ack seemit company naheen thee aur vyavasaay key whiffle honey parr sabhi bhagidar rinn key liye uttardaayi they; teji aur patan key madhya-victorian aarthik mahaul mein, yeh ack jokhim bharaa udyam thaa. bayer 9,524 pound (2015 mein lagbhag 900,000 pound) aur morr 5,500 pound jutaa sakata thaa, lekin phir bhee charles geech (midland baink key sansthaapak, aur mechanical engineeron key sansthaan key pahale khajanchi) seey rinn kii aavashyakta thee. durbhagya seey, navambar 1854 mein geech kii mrityu hoe gaee, rinn vaapas leey liya gayaa aur poori pariyojana lagbhag marr gaee. bachaav key liye thomas brassie aae jinhone heinry robertson koo teesara (sou rhaa) saathi honey key badale mein £4,000 kaa rinn dene key liye raaji kiya.
bayer aur mahaan paschimi railway.
robertson kaa nivesh bayer aur robertson key beach ack lambi dosti kii shuruat hogi (bayer 1854 mein paida hui robertson kii betty annie kaa godfather bunn gayaa). sivil engineer mahaan paschimi railway key uttari division kii lines key liye jimmedaar thaa (brunell dakshin mein thaa) aur surr daniel gooch key ack dost, isake mukhya locomotive adheekshak. isaliye vaha jee. doubleu. aar. key liye adesh praapt curr sakata thaa. pahala adesh duss bayer, mayur express 2-2-2 maanak (broad key bajaay) gaze key nivida express injanon key liye thaa-GWR dwara aadeshit pahala maanak gaze injan (swindon abhee bhee broad gaze injan banaa rahey they). injanon koo gooch key apane design key anusaar banaaya jaanaa thaa jisase drying room mein samay kii bachat hui. joseph armstrong swindon locomotive works mein mukhya mechanical engineer key roop mein gooch key uttaradhikari they aur bayer key injanon koo jaanate they. jaba shroosbury aur chester railway ney bayer-design kiye gaye tej, kaar chaalak injanon kaa adesh diyaa tou way mukhya locomotive adheekshak they. duss saal baad, jaba jee. doubleu. aar. koo ack nae aaee. dee. 1. maal injan kii aavashyakta thee, tou unhone bayer koo swayam injanon koo design karane kii anumati dee. jee. doubleu. aar. "bear goods" injan ack utkrisht pradarshan karane vaalaa saabit huaa aur kuchh abhee bhee 80 saal baad chala rahey they. 1864 mein paida hue bayer key godson surr heinry bayer robertson (bayer kii mrityu key kaee saal baad) mahaan paschimi railway key nideshak bunn gaye, aur gwr key saath "parivaar" key sambandh koo jaari rakhaa.
gorten foundry.
manchester key kendra seey dou meal kii doori parr, manchester linken aur schafield railway line key vipareet disha mein morr key pichhale karyon key liye gorten gaanv mein ack 12 ekad kaa sthaan chunaa gayaa thaa. bayer ney karyon koo design kiya, sambhaavit vistaar key liye unaki itani achchi yojana banaai kii, isake 112 saal key itihas key dauran, naee yaa vistaarit imaraton key liye raasta banaane key liye kissy bhee imarat koo dhwast karane kii aavashyakta naheen thee-kendriya manchester mein bayer key pichhale atlus karyon key bilkul vipareet jahaan bhoomi mahangi thee aur vistaar key liye koee jagah naheen thee. bayer ney ack foundry bhee sthaapit kii, injanon key nirmaan key liye aavashyak machine upkaranon koo design aur nirmit kiya, aur gorten foundry mein rahey aur injanon key design aur utpaadan kii nigrani kii. iss beach morr vyaapaar paksh key saath kaam kartaa thaa, aksar order surakshit karane key liye mahadweep kii yatra kartaa thaa.
sunder aur sunder design.
charles bayer koo apane injanon key roop mein bahut garv thaa, aksar apani pencil key saath ack sunder vakr rekha banaate hue aur apane kaam key saundarya roop mein garv karate hue ghanton bitaate they. ack vishesh 2-2-2 locomotive "d. luiz "koo 1862 kii antarrashtriya pradarshani mein pradarshit kiya gayaa thaa. yeh locomotive portugal key dakshin purvi railway key liye banaaya gayaa thaa. yeh injanon key samaan thaa joe taba edinberg aur glassgo railway koo vitarit kiye jaa rahey they. ise ack padak seey sammaanit kiya gayaa thaa, joe isake roop kii sundarta key liye jaanaa jaataa thaa, aur company koo badhaava dene key liye bahut kuchh kiya.
bayer ney british key bajaay german-prashikshit engineeron koo chunaa kyonki usa samay britten mein koee engineering school naheen they joe germany mein they. karmchaariyon mein kaee german apravasi they. company duniya key sabse prasiddh locomotive builders mein seey ack bunn gaee joe apani sateek engineering, karigari kii gunavatta, sundarta aur deerghaayu key liye jaani jaati haye. isane teenon bhagidaron koo bahut ameer banaa diyaa.
landan kaa bhoomigat railway.
bayer koo 1861 mein herman ludwig laing (1837-92) key saath niyukt aur nikatata seey kaam kiya gayaa. apane grih shahar, plavan, saxony (abb germany) key mool nivasi, laing koo germany mein ack engineer key roop mein prashikshit kiya gayaa, 1865 mein mukhya draftsman baney, aur bayer kii mrityu key baad mukhya engineer baney. laange mahanagariya railway key liye duniya key pahale safal sanghanan injanon key vikas mein bahut adhik shamil thaa. metropolitan ney shuru mein 18 tank injanon kaa adesh diyaa, jinamen seey ack pramukh visheshta sanghanan upkaran thaa joe adhikansh bhaap koo nikalane seey rokta thaa jabaki trains surangon mein theen, aur inhen "sunder chhote injanon, harey rung seey chitrit aur vishesh roop seey unake vishal baahari cylinders dwara pratishthit" key roop mein varnit kiya gayaa haye."design itna safal saabit huaa kii antatah 120 kaa nirmaan metropolitan, jilaa railway (1871 mein) aur anya sabhi 'cutt aind cover' bhoomigat lines parr karshan pradaan karane key liye kiya gayaa thaa. isaliye iss 4-4-0 tank injan koo landan key pahale bhoomigat railway parr agrani prerak shakti key roop mein maanaa jaa sakata haye; antatah, vibhinn railway key liye 1864 aur 1886 key beach 148 kaa nirmaan kiya gayaa thaa, aur adhikansh 1905 mein vidyuteekaran taka chalate rahey. metropolitan railway sankhya 23 joe 1866 mein seva mein pravesh kiya thaa, 82 varshon key baad 1948 taka vaapas naheen liya gayaa thaa. yeh abb landan parivahan sangrahalaya mein covent garden mein ack pradarshani haye.
paropkar.
50 varsh kii ayu mein, 13 juuna 1863 koo bayer ney apani diarry mein likhaa;
bayer ack kunwara thaa aur usaki koee santan naheen thee. ack ameer vyakti, vaha apani sampatti schools aur churchon key nirmaan parr kharch karane lagaa. shiksha unaki mukhya prathamikta thee. unhone georger school key saath-saath church divas aur ravivaar key schools, manchester vyaakaran school (jahaan way governor they) key liye chhatravritti aur ovens college key saath vishvavidyalaya star parr (prabhaavi roop seey ack aisaa maarg taiyar kiya jisake dwara ack garib prishthabhoomi kaa bachcha-jaise kii bayer-engineering mein vishvavidyalaya kii degree key saath snaatak curr sakata thaa, joe pahale mukhya roop seey una logon taka seemit thaa joe aisee shiksha kaa kharch uthaa sakate they) kaa samarthan kiya.
ingland kaa church.
vaha ingland key church key liye bhee ack pramukh daataa they. 1865 mein bayer ney sent maark key parrish church, west gorten key nirmaan key saath-saath sambaddh day school key nirmaan kii poori laagat wahan karane key liye adhikansh laagat pradaan kii (1880 mein iss church ney ack football team kaa gathan kiya joe gorten afc, phir ardwick afc aur anta mein manchester city football club bunn gayaa). 1871 mein unhone gorten mein sent thomas key puraane parrish church key punarnirmaan kii poori laagat wahan kii, baad mein iska naam badalkar sent james parrish church curr diyaa gayaa. vaha gorten roodhivaadi sangh key mool sadasya they, joe abb sent james roodhivaadi club, gorten laine haye.
apani mrityu seey dou saptah seey bhee cumm samay pahale, bayer ney ack teesare parrish church aur usase judey rectory key nirmaan key liye dhana pradaan karane key liye apani vaseeyat mein ack codicil jodaa aur unhone nirdisht kiya kii ise sabhi sant kahaa jaanaa chaahiye.
1964 mein sabhi santon koo aag seey nasht curr diyaa gayaa thaa aur baad mein dhwast curr diyaa gayaa thaa; 1975 mein puraane sthal parr ack nayaa church banaaya gayaa thaa aur iska naam badalkar emmanuel church curr diyaa gayaa thaa. 1968 mein, sent maark aur sabhi santon key church ack parrish mein ekjut they; 1974 mein sent maark koo dhwast curr diyaa gayaa thaa, jisase aaj dou churchon kaa pratinidhitva emmanuel church aur sabhi santon key praathamik vidyalaya dwara kiya jaataa haye.
bayer ney lanticillio parrish church mein bhee badey sudhaar kiye, aur wicker key wazife koo badhaane key liye apani vaseeyat mein paisa chhod diyaa.
bayer aur ovens extension college andolan.
ovens college kii sthaapana 1851 mein kii gaee thee, jise ack samriddh sthaaniya kapada vyaapaari, johnn ovens kii ichcha seey vitt poshit kiya gayaa thaa. isaki sthaapana cambridge aur oxford mein gair-anurupatavadiyon key pravesh key jawab mein kii gaee thee, lekin 1860 key dashak mein isamen kaee samasyaaen theen. sabse pahale, yeh ack vishvavidyalaya naheen thaa, balki landan vishvavidyalaya seey sambaddh ack college thaa. chhatron koo landan key parikshakon koo santusht karna padata thaa aur landan ney pathyakram koo niyantrit kiya. manchester apana vishvavidyalaya chaahata thaa, jahan uttari loga sthaaniya roop seey adhyayan curr sakate they aur degree praapt curr sakate they. doosara, ack swatantra vishvavidyalaya banane key liye, mahavidyalaya kaa vistaar karna padaa. jaba kii sadak parisar (nammatra kii raashi parr kiraaye parr) mein bheed hoe rahee thee, ovens ney spasht roop seey kahaa thaa kii unakaa koee bhee paisa imaraton key nirmaan mein naheen jaanaa chaahiye. unaki ichcha ney saarvajanik dhana jutana mushkil banaa diyaa; kewal sthaaniya loga hii bhaag leey sakate they, mahilaaon koo pravesh parr pratibandh thaa, aur cumm ayu seema vyaakaran vidyaalayon key saath pratispardha karati thee aur shikshan kii gunavatta koo prabhaavit karati thee.
bayer ney ack alag site parr ack nayaa college banaane key liye ack saarvajanik appeal kaa sujhaav diyaa joe ovens college koo vistaar karane kii anumati dega. ovens extension college andolan 1867 mein vishesh roop seey ameer mill-maalikon aur kapada vyaapaar parr nirdeshit apeelon key saath shuru huaa. dhanee aur karishmai mill-malik, thomas ashton, ack achche saarvajanik vaktaa, koo rasaayanagya aur ovens college key professor surr heinry enfield rosco key samarthan seey abhiyaan kaa netritva karane key liye chunaa gayaa thaa. ashton aur rosco donon ney heidleberg vishvavidyalaya mein prashikshan liya thaa (rosco koo professor robbert bansen dwara padhaaya gayaa thaa). manchester pracheen vishvavidyalayon (jaise kii german vishvavidyalaya model) kii hathdharmita kii shikshaon key bajaay shodh parr jore dene key saath german vishvavidyalaya model kaa paalan karna chaahata thaa.jee.: oxford aur cambridge). headleberg aur berlin sahit mukhya roop seey german vishvavidyalayon mein adhyayan dauron kaa ayojan kiya gayaa thaa, aur dresden akadami jaise nae polytechnics mein bhee, jahaan bayer ney prashikshan liya thaa.
bayer ney prachaar aur vittiya samiti mein aur bhawan samiti mein kaary kiya, jahan unhone vastukar alfred waterhouse key saath prastaavon parr charcha kii. central manchester mein oxford road parr ack sthal kaa chayan kiya gayaa aur 1870 mein ovens extension college parr kaam shuru huaa. phir sansad key adhiniyam dwara dou colleges koo milakar (johnn ovens kii ichcha sharton koo over-rulled kiya gayaa thaa; mahilaaon koo, siddhant roop mein, pravesh diyaa jaa sakata thaa, aur nichali ayu seema koo 16 taka badhaa diyaa gayaa thaa), nae ovens college kaa janm 1 sitambar 1871 koo huaa thaa.
naee college imarat 1873 mein kholi gaee. oxford road parr jaane seey 1874 mein manchester royal school off medicine aur sergery koo bhee site parr jaane kii anumati millie; ise ovens college key saath milakar ack swatantra vishvavidyalaya banane kii apani khoj mein apani profile koo badhaaya. haalaanki, college koo 1876 mein ack vittiya sankat kaa saamana karna padaa. kaee labharthiyon kii mrityu hoe gaee thee aur aaya mein naatakiya roop seey girawat aaee thee. jaba 1876 mein bayer kii mrityu hoe gaee, tou unaki vaseeyat (1872 mein likhi gaee) ney college koo 114,000 pound (2013 mein 10 million pound key barabar) diye aur isake bhavishya koo surakshit kiya. jeevit rahane parr bayer sabse badaa ekal daataa thaa aur manchester vishvavidyalaya key itihas mein sabse badaa ekal daataa thaa. antatah 1888 mein bayer bhawan key nirmaan key liye dhana kaa viniyog kiya gayaa aur engineering aur ganit mein professorship key liye dhana kaa upayog kiya gayaa. college abb manchester kaa victoria vishvavidyalaya banane key liye niyat thaa, ack majboot german viraasat vaalaa vishvavidyalaya, headleberg key saath sambandh aur prayog key madhyam seey shikshan key apane tarikon kaa paalan karna. yeh duniya key agrani vigyaan anusandhaan vishvavidyalayon mein seey ack bunn jaayega.
aaj kaa manchester vishvavidyalaya 2004 mein manchester key victoria vishvavidyalaya aur manchester vishvavidyalaya vigyaan aur praudyogiki sansthaan (umist) key ekikaran seey banaa thaa. 1824 mein johnn dalton (paramanu siddhant key pitaa) aur anya logon ney manchester yantriki sansthaan kaa gathan kiya thaa. bayer 1847 seey ack sadasya they aur 1850 seey ack aajivan sadasya they; jabaki mukhya roop seey ovens college parr dhyaan kendrit kiya, isaliye way donon sansthanon key samarthak rahey they.
bayer aur ovens college engineering vibhaag.
bayer kaa ovens college key saath pahala sampark 1860 mein huaa thaa jaba way professor greenwod seey parichit they. ovens college koo vishvavidyalaya mein badalane key abhiyaan key samanantar, bayer germany jaise upayukt engineering school sthaapit karane key liye utsuk they; unhone iss tarah key sansthaan mein bhaag liya thaa, aur jaanate they kii britten mein nae engineeron koo prashikshit karane key liye aisee koee suvidha naheen haye. isake alawa, vaha vishvavidyalaya key baahar ack alag ikai key roop mein college key bheetar ack engineering vibhaag sthaapit karna chaahte they, jaisa kii germany mein thaa.
jaba ack adhyaksh kaa vigyaapan prati varsh £250 key vetan parr kiya gayaa thaa tou chayan samiti avedakon kii gunavatta seey asantusht thee. yeh darj kiya gayaa thaa kii bayer ney vetan doguna karane kaa faisala kiyaah "shree bayer.... sabse udaartaa seey 5 saal key liye £250 kii raashi seey vetan kii poorti kii peshkash kii gaee...."jaba pada koo phir seey vigyaapit kiya gayaa, tou way 26 march 1868 koo professor osborne reynolds (manchester takniki vidyalaya key professor johnn heinry reynolds key saath bhramit naheen honey key liye) koo niyukt karane mein saksham they. ingland key uttar mein engineering key pahale professor, reynolds ney sthaaniya engineering farmon koo parasparik laabh key saath anuprayukt vigyaan mein sanlagn karane key liye bahut kuchh kiya, jisase 1905 mein sevaanivritt honey seey pahale college koo duniya bhar mein pratishtha millie.
charles bayer surr heinry rosco key rasayan vigyaan vibhaag key liye bhee ack daataa they.
vyaktigat jeevan.
bayer 1852 mein ack british vishay bunn gayaa aur 1834 mein 21 saal kii umr mein vahaan pravaas karane key baad seey manchester mein sthit thaa. laing ney likhaah
charles fredrick bayer kii antim vaseeyat aur vasiyatnama.
"" "main apane bhatije franz herman bayer koo viraasat yaa £15,000 kii raashi kaa vaseeyat detaa huun, joe merey divangat bhaai ernst bayer kaa betaa haye" "(£ 1,500,000) *"
"" "merey bhatije carle fredrick bayer koo merey divangat bhaai key ack aur bete ney kahaa kii viraasat yaa £5,000 kii raashi."
"main apani bahan johanna christiana webber koo viraasat yaa £10,000 (£ 1,000,000) kii raashi apane swayam key upayog aur laabh key liye detaa huun... merey ghar kii rakhwali karane vaale susan williams koo usake kaaran kissy bhee majdoori key alawa £500 (£50,000) * kii viraasat aur shoke kaa ack soot bhee diyaa gayaa haye."
"aur merey maali edward koo unake kaaran kissy bhee majdoori key alawa £500 (£50,000) * kii viraasat aur shoke kaa ack soot bhee diyaa gayaa haye"
"merey pratyek anya gharelu sevak key liye joe dou saal pahale seey merrie seva mein honge aur merey nidhan key samay merrie seva mein honge aur denbeag county mein lanticillio key reez johns key liye aggar vaha merey tyag key samay merey kaam mein hoga tou unake kaaran kissy bhee majdoori key alawa £100 prati tukada (£10,000) * kii viraasat aur shoke kaa soot bhee."
"main nimnalikhit vyaktiyon mein seey pratyek koo, gorten foundry mein sahayakon koo viraasat mein detaa huun. yeh kahana haye kii thomas molinox £1,000 (£100,000) kii viraasat haye aur unamen seey pratyek key liye hermon jegger aur charles ney viraasat yaa £500 (£50,000) * kii raashi koo rakhaa haye."
"main apane ukt nyasiyon koo £3,000 (£1) kii raashi saunpata huun, joe yaa tou ingland key liye church key ayukton koo usee kaa bhugtan karane key liye yaa apane vivek parr aisee pratibhootiyon yaa niveshon mein yaa una parr apane naam seey nivesh karane key liye joe way kaanoon dwara usee koo rakhane aur nivesh karane key liye adhikrit hain aur una pratibhootiyon yaa niveshon key swaamitva mein khade honey key liye hain, jiss parr yaa usa samay key liye aisee pratibhootiyon yaa niveshon koo rakhaa jaayega yaa usa parr nivesh kiya jaayega, taaki aise pratibhootiyon yaa niveshon koo samay-samay parr parivartan karane yaa sthanantarit karane kii shakti key saath nivesh kiya jaa sakey, taaki aise pratibhootiyon yaa niveshon koo byaaj labhansh yaa vaarshik aaya kaa bhugtan karane key liye nyaas koo diyaa jaa sakey, isaliye vartamaan mein denbig county mein church off lanticillio key paadari koo aisee aaya key samvardhan mein bhugtan karane key liye."'
"" main apane sandesh yaa haveli ghar koo jameen key saath denbeag county mein lalenticillio holl key roop mein jaanaa jaataa haye...".."" "merey godson heinry bayer robertson key upayog key liye" "" "merey bhagwan betty annie robertson key upayog key liye, kahaa gayaa heinry robertson kii betty, apane ekmatra key liye apashisht key mahaabhiyog key binaa apane jeevan key liye aur kissy bhee pati seey swatantra roop seey alag upayog key liye jisake saath vaha antar-vivaah karegi aur usake rinn niyantran aur vyastataon aur ukt annie robertson key nidhan key baad aur usake baad." ""
"" "manchester mein ovens college key uddeshyon aur laabh key liye aur usake liye vishvaas karane parr aur main usee key anusaar aur usee key liye vaseeyat kartaa huun, jise iss tarah seey lagu kiya jaanaa haye kii shaasi nikaay vigyaan mein professorship kii neenv aur daan mein yaa usake prati samichin sochega, cumm seey cumm ack ukt college mein engineering mein professorship hogi."" "(£ 10,000,000) *"
"usee dhana key antim avashesh kaa bhugtan karein aur manchester mein ovens college key uddeshyon aur laabhon key liye yaa usamen professorship kii neenv yaa daan key liye lagu karein jaisa kii unhone kahaa kii merey nyasiyon aur usa samay key liye shaasi nikaay ney kahaa kii college samichin sochega."
"isake gawah key roop mein, main kahaa kii vasiyatnama charles fredrick bayer ney yeh kahaa haye, merrie antim vaseeyat aur iss 19vein dinn march 1872 mein merey haath seey abhilikhit 10 kaagaz kii chadaron parr nihit vasiyatnama."
"see aff bayer."
"codicil"
"dinank 13 maee (unake 63vein janmadin kii poorv sandhya, aur unaki mrityu seey teen saptah seey bhee cumm samay pahale)."
"jabaki merrie vaseeyat kii tarikh key baad seey, maine usa haveli kaa nirmaan kiya haye jisamen main abb lanticillio mein reh rhaa huun aur apani sampatti mein aur usamen kaee parivardhan aur sudhaar kiye hain aur apane ukt haveli key ghar koo susajjit aur susajjit kiya haye."
"abb yeh merrie ichcha haye kii joe vyakti yaa vyakti merrie ukt sampatti kaa hakdar haye, vaha merey ukt haveli ghar kaa puuraa laabh uthaayega aur uska anand legaa aur denbeag county mein merrie sampatti mein sabhi parivardhan aur sudhaar aur sabhi gharelu furniture, gharelu upayog key prabhaav aur aabhushan key sabhi plated saman, chitra aur kaam joe merrie mrityu key samay merey ukt haveli ghar mein honge, merrie ukt sampatti seey sambandhit merrie ukt sampatti kii seemaon key anusaar uttaradhikari karghon key roop mein honge."
"aur main apane kahey gaye naam key nyasiyon koo usee key anusaar unake dwara upayog, nyaas aur praavdhaanon key liye aur merey dwara ghoshit aur ghoshit kiye gaye praavdhaanon key adheen rakhaa jaayega."
"aur jabaki maine ingland key liye church key ayukton koo gorten mein ack nishchit bhoomi key tukade key roop mein aur ack church key sthal key liye sabhi sant church aur ukt church key liye ack parsonage house kahaa jaanaa haye aur yeh meraa irada haye kii iss tarah key church aur ghar kaa nirmaan kiya jaae."
"abb yadi main apane jivankal mein iss tarah key iraade koo lagu naheen karuungaa tou main apane nyasiyon koo apane naam mein diye gaye nyasiyon koo £10,000 (£1) kii raashi kaa bhugtan karuungaa, yadi maine nirmaan shuru naheen kiya hoga aur yadi maine shuru kiya hoga lekin aisaa nirmaan puuraa naheen kiya hoga, tou aisee raashi joe merey jivankal mein ukt vastu parr kharch kii gaee haye, unake dwara ukt church aur ghar key nirmaan mein yaa pratispardha mein lagu kii jaane vaali £10,000 kii raashi hogi, jaisa kii merey nyasiyon koo lagata haye kii way uchit samajhenge aur yadi ukt 10,000 (£1) kii poori raashi ukt church aur ghar key nirmaan key uddeshya key liye aavashyak naheen hogi, tou ingland key liye church ayukton koo ukt raashi kaa bhugtan karane key liye £10,000 kaa bhugtan karna hoga, aur kahaa kii seedhe church key liye ack anta key liye yaa pradaan karane key liye, aur kahaa jaayega kii merey dwara likhit sabhi dharmarth yaa vyaktigat sampatti key bhugtan key sambandh mein, joe merey dwara dee gaee haye, usee tarah seey, joe merey dwara dee gaee haye, kanuni roop seey, yaa merey dwara dee gaee sabhi dharmarth sampatti key bhugtan key liye, jaisa kii merrie vyaktigat sampatti key sambandh mein, kanuni roop seey, dee gaee haye, usee tarah"
"main pushti kartaa huun kii main gawah key roop mein apani baat kahoonga, joe maine yahaan apana haath rakhane key liye rakhaa haye, iss 13vein dinn 1876 maee."
"see aff bayer"
lanticillio holl.
bayer ney 1867 mein uttari wells key denbighshire mein lalangolen ghaati key sheersh parr 700 ekad kii lalenticillio holl estate kharidi aur sampatti (1872-1874) parr ack nayaa 25-bedroom vaalaa haveli ghar banaaya, phir thomas johns parivaar key puraane ghar koo dhwast curr diyaa. vastukar shroosbury key saimuel pountaini smith they (paale holl key vastukar, heinry robertsone key railway parr station bhawan aur paas key chainbridge hotal).
langolen nahar key sheersh parr nadee dee parr girane vaale ghode kii naal key paas sthit holl koo bhavya roop seey sajaaya gayaa thaa. udaaharan key liye, badey, dakshin kii or, drying room mein ack karara sangamarmar kii chimani haye jisamen gialo antico collum aur teen cameo hain. 
aapas mein judey darwaaje key saath chhote drying room mein ack samaan chimani pees haye joe darshaata haye
yeye tukade shayed see banaae gaye they. 1874, german samrajya kii neenv key kuchh teen saal baad.
charles bayer kii mrityu 2 juuna 1876 koo lanticillio holl mein hui. unhein unaki lanticillio holl estate key maidan mein lanticillio church mein dafnaya gayaa thaa.

