pope leo xiii kaa dharamshastra

pope leo xiii kaa dharamshastra pahali vatican parishad (1869-1870) kii church kii shikshaon seey prabhaavit thaa, joe 1878 mein unake chunaav seey kewal aathh saal pahale samaapt hui thee. leo ney kuchh 46 apostolic patra aur vishvakosh jaari kiye joe vivaah aur parivaar aur raajya aur samaaj key kshetron mein kendriya muddon seey sambandhit they.
thomism.
pope key roop mein, pope leo xiii ney thomas aquina key dharamshastra, thomism key punruddhar key liye apane sabhi adhikaar kaa upayog kiya. 4 agast 1879 koo, leo ney vishvakosh "atterney patrice" ("shashwat pitaa") koo jaari kiya, joe kissy bhee anya ekal dastaavez seey adhik, thomwad key punruddhar key liye ack charter pradaan kartaa haye-madhyayugeen dharamshastriya pranali joe aquina key vichaar parr adharit haye-catholic church kii aadhikarik daarshanik aur dharamshastriya pranali key roop mein. yeh naa kewal church madrason mein pujaariyon key prashikshan mein balki vishvavidyalayon mein aam logon kii shiksha mein bhee maanak honah thaa. usa anta mein leo ney aquina key karyon key ack nishchit mahatvapurna sanskaran kii shuruat koo bhee praayojit kiya.
atterney patrice" mein, leo ney dharamshastriya aur daarshanik adhyayanon key liye ack model key roop mein thomas aquinas kii sifarish kii. thomism ney agrani dharamshastra key roop mein apani purani bhoomika khou dee thee aur leo ney ise "vishvaas kii suraksha, samaaj key kalyan aur vigyaan kii pragati key liye" phir seey sthaapit karane kaa prayaas kiya thaa. unhone isaki sterile vyakhyaon kii parikalpana naheen kii, balki mool sroton parr vaapas jaane kii parikalpana kii. unake pontificate kii shuruat mein iss nae abhivinyas kaa dominican, guseppe pechi jaise thomist jesuit aur duniya bhar mein kaee bishapon dwara swaagat kiya gayaa thaa. church key bheetar kaee morchon parr majboot virodh bhee thaa, jinamen seey kuchh ney thomism koo kewal purana maanaa. doosari or, anya logon ney ise asantusht vichaaron kii chhoti-motee ninda key liye istemal kiya joe unhein pasand naheen they. jesuit aur dominican, paaramparik virodhi, donon ney catholic dharamshastra key navikaran mein netritva kaa daavaa kiya.
leo ney sabhi catholic vishvavidyalayon koo thomwad padhaane key liye anivarya karke aur thomist professors key prashikshan key liye ack pope akadami banaakar aur thomas aquina key vidwan sanskaranon kaa punah sampadan karke pratikriya dee. leo santo tomas vishvavidyalaya, manila, joe asia mein sabse purana haye, koo "pontifical vishvavidyalaya" mein sthaapit karane key liye jimmedaar thaa. iss akadami kaa netritva unhone guseppe pechi koo saunpa, jinhone bologna, freeberg (switzerland), peris aur loden jaise anya sthaanon mein isi tarah kii thomas aquina akadamiyon key nirmaan mein sahaayata kii. 1879 mein pechi koo sent kii abhee bhee maujood pontifical akadami key pahale prefect key roop mein niyukt kiya gayaa thaa. thomas aquinas "pontifia academia dee saine tomaso dee 'aquino", jisaki sthaapana pope leo ney 15 octuber 1879 koo kii thee. leo xiii ney tees sadasyon koo niyukt kiya, jinamen seey pratyek rome, itali aur duniya seey duss-duss they, aur harr jagah seey vidvaanon koo aakarshit karane key liye udaar vittiya sahaayata pradaan kii. pope ney vyaktigat roop seey vyaktigat thomist vidvaanon kaa samarthan kiya aur doctor angelicus key kaee paath-aalochanatmak sanskaranon kii sarahana kii.
shaastra.
apane 1893 key vishvakosh "providenticimus duce" mein unhone dharamshastriya adhyayan key liye shaastron key mahatva kaa varnan kiya. yeh catholic dharamshastra aur bible key saath isake sambandh key liye ack mahatvapurna vishvakosh thaa, jaisa kii pope payas xii ney pachas saal baad apane vishvakosh "divino afflant spiritu" mein bataaya. providenticimus duce" mein, leo ney bible adhyayan koo nayaa protsaahan diyaa, jabaki tarkvaadi vyakhyaon key khilaf chetavani dee joe shaastra kii prerana seey incar karati hainh
"sabhi pustakon key liye joe church koo pavitra aur vihit key roop mein praapt hoti hain, poori tarah seey aur poori tarah seey, unake sabhi bhaagon key saath, pavitra bhoot key adesh parr likhi jaati hainh aur abb taka yeh sambhav haye kii koee bhee truti prerana key saath saha-astitva mein hoe sakati haye, vaha prerana naa kewal truti key saath anivarya roop seey asangat haye, balki ise poori tarah seey aur aavashyak roop seey khariz aur aswikar curr detee haye kyonki yeh asambhav haye kii bhagwan swayam, sarvocch satya, joe sach naheen haye, usey boll sakate hain."(" "providenticimus duce" ")
dharamshastriya anusandhaan.
leo xiii koo vaigyaanik aur aitihaasik vishleshan key kshetron mein mahaan prayason kaa shreya diyaa jaataa haye. unhone vatican abhilekhagar khola aur vyaktigat roop seey ack austriyai itihaaskaar, ludwig wonn paadari dwara pope key bees khandon key vyaapak vaigyaanik adhyayan koo badhaava diyaa. unhone dominican order koo thomas aquinas key saamoohik karyon key ack mahatvapurna sanskaran key saath saunpa, aur franz erley aur johnn heinry neuman jaise prasiddh vidvaanon key currier koo aage badhaaya, jinhen unhone cardinals key college mein padonnat kiya. unhone 1889 mein america key catholic vishvavidyalaya kii sthaapana kii.
unake 1899 key apostolic patra "testem benevolentia nasre" ney amerikiwad kii ninda kii, ack kathit americi adhuniktawadi drishtikon jisamen kahaa gayaa haye kii church kii shikshaon koo americi samaaj key liye anukoolit kiya jaanaa chaahiye. leo ney iss vichaar kii ninda kii kii catholic dogma, joe americi anubhav key vipareet prateet hotey hain, koo chhod diyaa jaanaa chaahiye, aur yeh kii praakritik guna alaukik gunon kii tulanaa mein adhik mahatvapurna hain. baltimore key cardinal james gibbons key netritva mein americi bishap ney unhein dhanyavaad diyaa aur record koo seedha karane key liye aabhar vyakt kiya. gibbons ney halanki bataaya kii sanyukt raajya america mein kissy bhee catholic key paas way vichaar naheen they.
jaba 1903 mein leo xiii key pontificate key anta mein, pope ney apani pratishtha aur adhikaar kaa bahut kuchh hassil curr liya thaa, tou unaki dhaarmik shikshaon koo bahut shreya diyaa gayaa thaa.
abhishek.
leo xiii key yeeshu key pavitra hriday key liye poore vishva key abhishek ney gair-isaaiyon koo bhee pavitra karke dhaarmik chunautiyon koo prastut kiya. lagbhag 1850 seey, vibhinn mandaliyon aur raajyon ney khud koo pavitra hriday key liye samarpit kiya thaa, aur 1875 mein, yeh abhishek poore catholic duniya mein kiya gayaa thaa. juuna 1898 mein leo xiii koo ack achchi charvaahe nana, divya hriday kii mairi seey ack patra milaa jisamen kahaa gayaa thaa kii yeeshu masih key darshan mein unhein poore vishva key pavitra hriday key prati samarpan kaa anurodh karane key liye kahaa gayaa thaa. mathadhish ney pahale tou nana parr vishvaas naheen kiya, lekin janwari 1899 mein doosara patra praapt karane parr unhone usake rahasyodghatan aur church parampara key aadhar parr ack jaanch shuru kii. apane 1899 key vishvakosh patra "vaarshik pavitra" mein leo xiii ney adesh diyaa kii yeeshu key pavitra hriday key liye poori maanav jaati kaa abhishek 11 juuna, 1899 koo honah chaahiye. unhone ise "merey pontificate kaa sabse badaa kaary" kahaa. "vaarshik pavitra" mein pavitra hriday key prati abhishek kii prarthana bhee shamil thee jise mathadhish ney rachaa thaa.
vishvavyaapi prayaas.
pope leo xiii ney vishesh roop seey poorv key saath vishvavyaapi sambandhon koo badhaava diyaa. unhone purvi dhaarmik churchon koo lattin banaane key prayason kaa virodh karate hue kahaa kii way ack sabse moolyavaan pracheen parampara aur catholic church kii divya ekataa kaa prateek hain. unake 1894 key vishvakosh "preclara gratulationis" ney church key bheetar vishvaas kii abhivyaktiyon kii saanskritik aur dhaarmik vividhata kii prashansa kii. orientalum gagnititis" mein unhone vividhata koo sanrakshit karane aur vikasit karane kii aavashyakta koo dohraya. 29 juuna 1896 koo, leo xiii ney vishvakosh "satis cognitum" jaari kiya, jisamen unhone catholic church mein shamil honey key liye "alag" bhaaiyon aur bahanon koo aamantrit kiya.
cardinal johnn heinry neuman key prabhaav mein leo key pontificate key dauran ingland mein pramukh dharmaantaran jaari rahey. anglican samudaayon koo catholic church key karib laane key prayason koo 1896 mein ack jhataka lagaa. vatican ney aitihaasik vishleshan key baad ghoshana kii kii anglican bishapon kaa apostolic uttaradhikar poori tarah seey surakshit naheen thaa, jiska arth haye kii kuchh anglican episcopal ordinations maanya naheen they. haalaanki, leo apane khule drishtikon key saath roodhivaadi church key saath sambandhon mein sudhaar karane mein kamyab rahey.
1896 key bull "apostolic curey" ney purvi roodhivaadi aur praachya roodhivaadi churchon mein ordinations koo maanyata dete hue, anglican churchon (ingland key church sahit) mein decan, pujaariyon aur bishapon key niyukti koo amaanya ghoshit curr diyaa, halanki unhein avaidh maanaa jaataa thaa.
mariology.
pope leo xiii key vivaahshaastra ney catholic shikshan aur abhyaas mein marian bhakti key mahatva parr jore dene mein pope payas ix key kaam koo jaari rakhaa. leo xiii, baarah vishvakoshon mein maalaa kii unaki abhootpoorv ghoshana key aalok mein, maalaa pope kahaa jaataa thaa. maalaa parr baarah vishvakoshon mein vaha marian bhakti kaa prachaar kartaa haye. bedagh avadharana key siddhant kii pachaasvin varshgaanth parr apane vishvakosh mein, vaha manavata key mochan mein usaki bhoomika parr jore dete hue mairi koo madhyasth aur saha-muktidata key roop mein ullekh karate hain.
samajik shikshaaen.
leo xii ney church aur aadhunik duniya key beach samajh koo protsaahit karane key liye kaam kiya, halanki unhone vichaar kii swatantrata parr ack satark drishtikon koo prathamikta dee, yeh kahate hue kii "vichaar kii maang karna, bachaav karna, yaa vichaar kii binaa shart swatantrata, yaa bhaashan, lekhan yaa pooja denaa kaafee gairkaanooni haye, jaise kii yeye prakriti dwara manushya koo diye gaye kaee adhikaar they" leo kii samajik shikshaaen catholic aadhar parr adharit hain, kii bhagwan duniya key nirmaata aur isake shaasak hain. shashwat kaanoon praakritik vyavastha koo banaae rakhane kaa adesh detaa haye, aur ise baadhit karane seey manaa kartaa haye; manushyon kaa bhaagya maanav cheejon seey bahut oopar aur prithvi seey parey haye.
maanav swabhaav mool paap seey dagdar haye, aur isaliye vaha sadgun seey adhik burai key prati adhik samvedansheel haye. unhone vivaah koo ack vaanijyik anubandh, talaak aur dharm key binaa shiksha, bhagwan key binaa raajya key roop mein maanane kaa virodh kiya. unhone samtaavaad key kuchh roopon koo aswikar curr diyaah "loga kshamata, kaushal, swaasthya, shakti mein bhinn hotey hain; aur asman bhaagya asman sthiti kaa ack aavashyak parinam haye.
aisee asamaanta vyaktiyon yaa samudaay key liye nuksandeh honey seey bahut door haye."sabhi purush apani samanya utpatti aur prakriti, yaa antim anta jise pratyek koo praapt karna haye, yaa una adhikaaron aur kartavyon key sambandh mein samaan hain joe taba seey praapt hotey hain. leo xiii bhavishyavani kartaa haye kii yadi raajya adhikaari inn shashwat satyon parr dhyaan naheen dete hain, yadi way "ishwar key bhaya aur divya kaanoonon key prati shraddha koo door karane" kii anumati dete hain, tou maujooda vyavastha aur adhikaariyon kaa swayam patan hoga.
unakaa daavaa haye kii communists, samajvadiyon aur freemason dwara prayaas kiye jaa rahey hain. lekin, joe koee bhee usa adesh key khilaf prayaas kartaa haye joe divya providence ney banaaya haye, vaha aamtaur parr apane garv kaa dund detaa haye, aur peedaa aur dukh kaa saamana kartaa haye jahaan way jaldbaji mein sabhi cheejon koo samriddh aur apani ichchhaon key anuroop paane kii ummeed karate hain. ishwar key prati aagyakarita ack aisee shiksha haye joe nagrik adhikaariyon kaa samarthan karati haye, kyonki church pradhikaran nagrik pradhikaran key divya mool key baare mein shiksha detaa haye, aur isake prati aagyakarita koo badhaava detaa haye.

