
europe mein bhaari mandee

europeeya mandee 2007 key madhya mein shuru hui mahaan mandee kaa hissa haye. sankat teji seey fail gayaa aur adhikansh kshetra koo prabhaavit kiya, kaee desh farwari 2009 taka pahale seey hii mandee mein they, aur adhikansh anya loga ullekhaniya aarthik baadhaon seey peedit they. vaishvik mandee pahali baar europe mein dekhi gaee thee, kyonki ireland 2007 kii doosari-teesari timahi seey mandee mein padane vaalaa pahala desh thaa-isake baad 2007 kii chauthi timahi mein asthaayi vriddhi hui-aur phir dou saal taka chalane vaali mandee aaee.
euro kshetra.
euro kshetra kii mandee 2008 kii pahali timahi seey 2009 kii doosari timahi taka rahee haye. poore euro kshetra mein maee 2008 mein audyogik utpaadan mein 1.9% kii girawat aaee, joe 1992 mein kaale budhwar key vinimay darr sankat key baad seey iss kshetra key liye sabse tej ack maheene kii girawat haye. europeeya kaar kii bikri mein ack saal pahale kii tulanaa mein maee mein 7.8% kii girawat aaee. khudra bikri maee key star seey juuna mein 0.6 pratishat aur pichhale varsh juuna seey 3.1 pratishat gir gaee. euro kshetra kii chaar sabse badee arthvyavasthaon mein seey germany ekmatra aisaa desh thaa jisane julaai mein gatividhi mein vriddhi darj kii, halanki vriddhi mein teji seey kamee aaee thee. rbs aur poonji arthshastra key aarthik vishleshakon kaa kahana haye kii girawat seey 2008 mein eurozone key mandee mein pravesh karane kaa khatra badh jaataa haye. doosari timahi mein, eurozone kii arthavyavastha mein 0.20% kii girawat aaee haye.
ireland.
vaishvik mandee pahali baar europe mein dekhi gaee thee, kyonki ireland 2007 kii doosari-teesari timahi seey mandee mein padane vaalaa pahala desh thaa-isake baad 2007 kii chauthi timahi mein asthaayi vriddhi hui-aur phir dou saal taka chalane vaali mandee aaee. ireland ganarajya ney 2008 kii pahali timahi mein jee. dee. pee. mein 1.5 pratishat key sankuchan kii soochana dee, joe timahi seey report karna shuru karane key baad seey iska pahala aarthik sankuchan haye aur 1983 key baad seey pahali baar sankuchan darj kiya gayaa haye. haalaanki, ireland key kendriya saankhyiki karyalaya ney lagbhag 0.8 pratishat kii jee. aine. pee. mein vriddhi kii soochana dee, ireland kii sarkaar jee. aine. pee. koo arthavyavastha kaa ack behtar upaay maanati haye. vishleshakon ney bhavishyavani kii haye kii ireland kii arthavyavastha shesh varsh mein aur sikud jaayegi. aine. see. bee. stock brokers kii ack report mein bhavishyavani kii gaee haye kii vaishvik arthavyavastha kii mandee seey prabhaavit bahurashtriya companiyon mein girawat key kaaran 2008 mein sakal rashtriya utpaad mein 1 pratishat aur 2009 mein 0.40 pratishat kii girawat aaegi. aine. see. bee. key ack arthashastri ney kahaa kii gair-aavaasiya nivesh mein 2008 mein 5 pratishat aur 2009 mein 12 pratishat kii girawat aaegi.
ireland key jee. dee. pee. mein doosari timahi mein 0.50 pratishat kaa sankuchan dekhaa gayaa, jisase ireland mandee mein pravesh karane vaalaa eurozone kaa pahala sadasya bunn gayaa. sitambar 2008 mein poonji samaapt honey vaale americi dalal maryl linch ney sarkaar koo salah dee thee. janwari 2009 mein usey apane teesare sabse badey baink, anglo ayrish baink kaa rashtriyakaran karane aur apane sheersh dou bainkon, aeye. aaee. bee. aur baink off ireland key punarpunjikaran kii ghoshana karane key liye majboor honah padaa. farwari 2009 mein, sarkaar ney desh mein berojgari key record star kii ghoshana kii, jisamen 40 varshon mein isaki uchchatam masik vriddhi hui aur 1,500 logon koo dainik roop seey naukari seey nikaal diyaa gayaa.
ireland 2009 kii teesari timahi mein mandee seey baahar nickle gayaa, jisane apani arthavyavastha mein 0.3 pratishat kii vriddhi darj kii.
spen.
spen kii ack nirmaan company, martinsa-fedesa ney €1.1 billion key rinn koo punarvitt karane mein whiffle rahane key baad diwalia honey kii ghoshana kii. martinsa-fadesa key sabse adhik sampark vaale dou baink kathit taur parr 900 million euro parr kaaja madrid aur 400 million euro parr banco lokpriya spanol they. spen key vitt mantri pedro solbs ney kahaa kii vaha company koo raahat naheen dega. doosari timahi mein spen mein gharon kii kimaton mein 20 pratishat kii girawat aaee. pichhale teen varshon mein nirmit sabhi gharon mein seey lagbhag 69 pratishat abhee bhee beche naheen gaye hain. duesh baink ney kahaa kii usey 2011 taka vaastavik gharon kii kimaton mein 35 pratishat kii girawat kii ummeed haye. spen key pradhaan mantri, jose luis japatero ney byaaj daron koo badhaakar mamalon koo badatar banaane key liye europeeya kendriya baink koo doshi thaharaaya. spen mein 98 pratishat seey adhik grih rinn kii keemat uribor seey judee asthaayi daron parr haye, joe agast key baad seey 145 aadhar ankon taka badh gaee haye. spen kii arthavyavastha mein awas kaa yogdan 10 pratishat seey adhik haye. baink off spen bandhak bajar mein bhaari jokhim vaale chhote kshetriya rinadaataon key swaasthya key baare mein chintit haye.
haalaanki spen ney 2008 kii pahali chhamaahi mein mandee seey bachaa haye, desh mein berojgari aaee. dee. 1 kii tulanaa mein 425,000 badhkar 9.9 pratishat taka pahunch gaee haye. spen mein maee mein kaaron kii bikri mein 31 pratishat kii girawat aaee. maee 2008 mein spen key karkhane key utpaadan mein 5.5 pratishat kii girawat aaee. desh kii vyaavsaayik lobby circulo dee empressarios ney ack "uchch sambhavana" key baare mein chetavani dee kii 2008 kii doosari chhamaahi mein awas patan key kaaran spen kii arthavyavastha mandee mein gir jaayegi. pichhale varsh kii tulanaa mein juuna mein spen kii khudra bikri mein 7.9 pratishat kii girawat aaee, joe spen key parinam darj karane key baad seey sabse badee girawat haye aur lagaatar saatvin masik girawat haye. isamen gharelu saamanon kii khudra bikri mein 17.9 pratishat kii girawat shamil haye. juuna key maheene mein spen mein khaadya padarthon kii bikri mein 6.8 pratishat kii girawat aaee.
morgan steinly ney ack report mein spanish bainkon aur spanish arthavyavastha kii sthiti parr ack badaa alert jaari karate hue kahaa, "abb ack mahatvapurna aarthik mandee chala rahee haye. hamara maanana haye kii spen mein girawat abhee shuruati charan mein haye. morgan steinly ney yeh bhee chetavani dee kii 2009 mein spanish arthavyavastha key 0.5 pratishat sankuchan kii 40 pratishat sambhavana thee, 2009 mein aur bhee adhik 1.4 pratishat sankuchan kaa khatra thaa. spanish automobile nirmaata sangh enfac key anusaar naee kaar kii bikri 2007 mein isi samay kii tulanaa mein julaai mein 27.5 pratishat gir gaee, joe lagaatar teesari masik girawat thee. spen kii sarkaar ney anuman lagaaya kii 2008 mein berojgari darr badhkar 10.4 pratishat aur 2009 mein 12.5 pratishat hoe jaayegi. spen key dusare sabse badey baink bbva ney bhavishyavani kii kii 2009 mein berojgari darr 14 pratishat taka pahunch sakati haye. julaai mein vinirmaan kshetra key liye spen kaa khareed prabandhak soochkaank ack nae nichale star parr gir gayaa joe ack gahari mandee kaa sujhaav detaa haye. doosari timahi mein spen kii arthavyavastha mein 0.1 pratishat kii vriddhi hui, joe 15 varshon mein sabse cumm vriddhi haye.
disambar 2009 taka, spanish sarkaar ney anuman lagaaya thaa kii 2009 mein berojgari darr badhkar 20 pratishat hoe jaayegi. sarkaar dwara jiss tarah seey ganana kii jaati haye, usake kaaran yeh 25 pratishat darr honey kaa anuman haye. spen key vitt mantri key anusaar, "spen aadhi sadee mein apani sabse gahari mandee kaa saamana curr rhaa haye.
germany.
germany mein adhikaariyon ney chetavani dee thee kii niryaat aadeshon mein girawat key kaaran doosari timahi mein arthavyavastha 1.5 pratishat taka sikud sakati haye. germany kii arthavyavastha vaastav mein doosari aur teesari donon timaahiyon mein sikud gaee, jisase germany abb takniki mandee mein haye. halanki iss vichaar koo ack pull key liye angella mercale key khilaf ladaai ladee gaee thee aur german sarkaar ney sankat kii german arthavyavastha kii raksha key liye 50 arab euro kii majboot bachaav yojana koo manjuri dee, jisase yeh iss sankat mein abhee key liye paschimi europe kii sabse badee bachaav yojana bunn gaee.
germany kaa audyogik utpaadan maee mein 2.4 pratishat cumm thaa, joe ack dashak kii sabse tej darr thee. abb lagaatar chhah maheene seey order gir rahey hain, joe 1990 key dashak kii shuruat key baad seey sabse kharaab haye. german chamber off industry aind commers ney aaney vaale maheenon mein 200,000 taka naukari jaane kii chetavani dee haye. juuna mein german khudra bikri kissy bhee ummeed seey 1.4 pratishat adhik gir gaee. doosari timahi mein german arthavyavastha mein 0.50 pratishat kii girawat aaee.
grees.
2012 mein grees ney mandee key apane 5vein varsh mein pravesh kiya. 2011 mein yunan kaa jee. dee. pee. 6.8 pratishat aur sikud gayaa, jisase kull aarthik utpaadan abb sankat-poorv shikhar seey 16 pratishat cumm hoe gayaa. eurostat key vartamaan purvaanumaanon seey yeh bhee pataa chalata haye kii 2012 mein yunan kii arthavyavastha mein anumaanit 4.4% kii girawat aaee haye.
itali.
itali mein, fiet ney turin, melfi aur sisili key karkhanon mein sanyantra bund karane aur asthaayi chhantani kii ghoshana kii. itali mein pichhale dou maheenon mein kaaron kii bikri mein lagbhag 20 pratishat kii girawat aaee haye. itali key kaar shramikon key sangh ney kahaa; "sthiti spasht roop seey usase kaheen adhik gambhir haye jise samajha gayaa thaa."10 julaai 2008 koo aarthik vichaar samooh aaee. aiss. aeye. ee. ney itali key liye apane vikas key purvanuman koo 0.50 pratishat seey ghataakar 0.40 pratishat curr diyaa aur 2009 key drishtikon koo 1.2 pratishat seey ghataakar 0.7 pratishat curr diyaa. vishleshakon ney bhavishyavani kii haye kii itali doosari timahi mein mandee mein pravesh curr gayaa thaa yaa 11 sitambar key hamalon key baad seey apane sabse nichale star parr vyaavsaayik vishvaas key saath varsh key anta taka mandee mein pravesh curr jaayega. 2008 kii doosari timahi mein itali kii arthavyavastha mein 0.3 pratishat kii girawat aaee.
berojgari kii darr aprail 2007 mein 5.7 pratishat seey badhkar aprail 2010 mein 8.6 pratishat hoe gaee. itali jyaadaatar aaee. dee. 1 kii badee mandee key prabhaavon seey alag thaa kyonki unaki banking pranali jokhim bharey nivesh vyavhaar mein shamil naheen thee aur achchi thee. haalaanki, mandee key prabhaavon ney usa sakht bajat anushasana koo mitaa diyaa jise itali ney 1992 key rinn sankat key baad seey kadee mehnat seey rakhaa thaa, aur 2011 mein ack aur italvi samprabhu rinn sankat kii or leey gayaa. itali ney 2009 seey 2011 taka kuchh samay key liye vriddhi dekhi, lekin 2011 seey 2013 taka mandee kaa saamana karna padaa, joe kii aaee. dee. 2. kii girawat seey cumm thee, lekin lambi thee aur kaee mayanon mein kaheen adhik kharaab thee, kyonki berojgari aprail 2011 mein 7.9% badhkar navambar 2014 mein aaee. dee. 1. hoe gaee.
france, benelux desh.
eurozone key anya sadasyon ney doosari timahi mein bhee apani arthvyavasthaon mein girawat dekhi; france ney 0.3 pratishat, finland ney 0.2 pratishat jabaki neetherland ney doosari timahi mein shoonya vriddhi dikhaai. haalaanki, france kii saankhyikiya agency, inse dwara jaari antim anumaanon seey pataa chalata haye kii teesari timahi key dauran francisi arthavyavastha mein 0.14 pratishat kii vriddhi hui, iss prakaar mushkil seey takniki mandee seey bachaa jaa sakaa. 2009 kii pahali timahi mein, france mandee mein gir gayaa, joe aisaa karane vaalaa europe kaa antim vikasit desh thaa.
aarthik sankat seey ladane key liye, francisi rashtrapati nicolaus sarkoji ney 26 arab euro kii bachaav yojana kii ghoshana kii, joe 2009 key samanya bajat key alawa 15.5 arab euro kii atirikt raashi hogi aur france key saarvajanik ghaate koo 4 pratishat taka badhaa degi. yeh kuchh hudd taka baraak obama key yuu koo protsaahit karane key prastaav key samaan haye.aiss. desh key mahatvapurna buniyaadi dhaanche mein nivesh karke arthavyavastha. aage key prastaavon mein chhote vyavsaayon key liye curr chhoot key saath-saath bhawan permit aur vishesh roop seey nirmaan aur sivil engineering key saath sarkari anubandhon parr pratibandhon mein dheel denaa shamil haye.
yeh "prime aeye laa cases" karyakram key kaaran haye jahan kharidaaron koo apane pradooshit puraane vaahanon koo hataane aur naee paryaavaran key anukool/eendhan kushal kaaron kii khareed key liye €1,000 taka kii chhoot millie. isake parinamswarup, disambar 2008 mein france mein kaaron kii bikri disambar 2007 kii tulanaa mein 30 pratishat adhik thee, halanki kull 2008 varsh mein bikri 0.7 pratishat cumm thee. kyonki francisi naee kaaron key bajar ney dakshin america mein adhikansh kii tulanaa mein behtar pradarshan kiya aur saath hii bikri mein vriddhi kii, francisi brandon, vishesh roop seey reynolt, key paas 2007 kii tulanaa mein 2008 mein cumm kaaron kii bikri key bavjood abb vishva key bajar mein badee hissedari haye. ack anya atyadhik ujagar udyog nausena nirmaan haye, aine. see. ell. key liye ack paiket naav seey sambandhit ack adesh pahale hii radd curr diyaa gayaa thaa.
nirmaan yojana mein riktata koo bharane key liye francisi sarkaar seey jald hii francisi nausena key liye dee. see. aine. key liye ack teesare "mistral" bee. pee. see. key saath-saath chhote jahaajon kaa adesh dene kii ummeed haye. yeh sarkozi kii bachaav yojana kaa hissa haye. dee. see. aine. aiss. ney apana abb taka kaa sabse badaa niryaat anubandh bhee jeetaa jaba brazil kii sarkaar ney company koo €7 billion kaa badaa order diyaa. adesh ack paaramparik pranodan key saath chaar aiss aur ack paramanu pranodan key saath paanchven key saath-saath ack nausena shipyard aur ack nausena adde seey sambandhit haye.
francisi sahakaari baink cases dee 'aparagne koo octuber 2008 mein 600 million euro key vyutpann vyaapaar nuksan kaa saamana karna padaa, jise usane usa samay key uchch bajar asthirta parr aanshik roop seey doshi thaharaaya. anadhikrit vyaapaar karane key liye jimmedaar karmchaariyon key samooh koo barkhast curr diyaa gayaa thaa. bernard madoff dwara kii gaee dhokhadhadi seey francisi baink bhee kuchh samay taka prabhaavit hue hain. sabse mahatvapurna baat yeh haye kii natixis, ack nivesh baink, koo iss prakriya mein sambhaavit roop seey €450 million kaa nuksan huaa aur bnp paribas koo €350 million kaa nuksan hoe sakata haye. naa tou natixis yaa bnp paribas ney seedhe taur parr madoff mein nivesh kiya, lekin americi koshagar dwara jaari baand key madhyam seey unhein iss tarah key nuksan kaa saamana karna parh sakata thaa. yeh nirdhaarit kiya jaanaa haye kii kyaa yeye sabhi prabhaavi roop seey khou gaye hain, kinn koo punarpraapt kiya jaa sakata haye aur kanuni prakriyaon dwara kyaa bachaaya jaa sakata haye. anya samooh jaise exa, society general, credit agricol aur groupma koo bhee kuchh samay taka nuksan kaa saamana karna parh sakata haye.
28 sitambar 2008 koo, dutch-belgium baink fortis kaa aanshik roop seey rashtriyakaran kiya gayaa thaa, jisamen benels deshon seey 11.2 arab euro kii nakad raashi daali gaee thee. fortis kii pareshaaniyan varsh kii shuruat mein iss ghoshana key saath shuru huin kii usey americi upa-pramukh aapada mein lagbhag $1.5bn key nuksan kaa saamana karna padaa. juuna mein, company ney sangathan kii taralata mein sudhaar key liye €5 billion jutaane key liye parisampattiyon key bikane kii ghoshana kii. lekin yeh aparyaapt saabit huaa. 6 octuber 2008 koo, yeh ghoshana kii gaee kii francisi baink bnp paribas belgium mein fortis kii gatividhiyon kaa 75 pratishat aur luxemberg mein 66 pratishat parr kabja curr legaa, isake badale mein belgium sarkaar nae samooh kii pramukh sharedharak bunn jaayegi.
haalaanki belgium sarkaar parr sharedharakon parr dabaav banaane kaa aarop lagaaya gayaa thaa aur vivaad key kaaran yeh dhwast hoe gaee aur iss prakaar sanchaalan mein deree hui. 30 janwari 2009 koo thodaa alag sharton key saath ack nayaa prastaav banaaya gayaa thaa. bnp paribas belgium mein fortis kii banking gatividhiyon kaa 75 pratishat aur kewal 10 pratishat beema gatividhiyon parr kabja curr legaa, joe kii belgium sarkaar bnp paribas seey aaee. dee. 1 letee haye. yeh samjhauta belgium sarkaar kii warranty key saath aayega kii yadi adhik vishaakt sampattiyon kii khoj kii jaati haye tou yeh 5 arab euro taka kaa cover karega. 30 sitambar 2008 koo belgium, francisi aur luxemberg sarkaaron ney kahaa kii way belgium key dusare sabse badey baink dexia koo chaalu rakhane mein € 6.4bn kaa nivesh karenge.
maee 2008 mein neetherland mein audyogik utpaadan mein 6 pratishat kii girawat aaee.
19 march 2009 koo, indise ney pahale kii tulanaa mein badatar sankuchan kii ghoshana kii, vikas mein-2.9% kii girawat aur juuna 2009 key roop mein jald hii 8.8 taka berojgari darr kii bhavishyavani kii.
purtagaali.
2010 kii garmiyon mein, moody kii niveshak seva ney purtagaal kii samprabhu bonned rating koo aa2 seey ghataakar aeye1 curr diyaa. aarthik uttejanaon parr kharch key kaaran, sakal gharelu utpaad kii tulanaa mein purtagaal kaa rinn teji seey badh gayaa thaa. moody ney kahaa kii badhate rinn kaa sarkaar key alpakaalik vitt parr bhaari assar padegaa. varsh kii shuruat mein, purtagaal europeeya samprabhu-rinn sankat mein pehchaane jaane vaale deshon mein seey ack thaa, joe kuchh deshon mein badhate sarkari ghaate aur rinn key star parr chinta failata thaa.
2010 mein bhee desh lagbhag 11 pratishat kii uchch berojgari darr parr pahunch gayaa, joe dou dashakon seey adhik samay seey naheen dekhi gaee, jabaki lock sevakon kii sankhya bahut adhik rahee.
antarrashtriya vittiya baajaron ney pradhaanmantri jose socrets key netritva vaali purtagaali sarkaar koo aarthik neeti mein amulchul badalaav karane key liye majboor kiya, jaisa kii anya europeeya sarkaaron ney pahale kiya thaa. iss prakaar, sitambar 2010 mein, purtagaali sarkaar ney anya eurozone bhagidaron key baad, curr vriddhi aur lock sevakon key liye vetan mein katauti key madhyam seey ack nae karkaushali package kii ghoshana kii. 2009 mein, ghaata 9.4 pratishat thaa, joe euro kshetra mein sabse adhik thaa aur europeeya sangh kii sthirata aur vikas samjhaute kii teen pratishat seema seey kaafee oopar thaa.
navambar 2010 mein, purtagaali bonned parr jokhim premium euro key jivankal key uchch star parr pahunch gayaa kyonki niveshakon aur lendaaron koo chinta thee kii desh apane bajat ghaate aur rinn parr raaj karane mein whiffle rahega. desh key 10 saal key sarkari bonned parr upaj 7 pratishat taka pahunch gaee-ack star joe purtagaali vitt mantri fernando texera doss santos ney pahale kahaa thaa kii desh koo antarrashtriya sansthanon seey vittiya sahaayata lene kii aavashyakta hogi.
ack pramukh purtagaali samachar patra, diarrhoe dee noticius dwara janwari 2011 mein prakaashit ack report mein dikhaaya gayaa haye kii 1974 aur 2010 mein carnation kranti key beach kii avadhi mein, loktaantrik purtagaali ganarajya sarkaaron ney aspasht saarvajanik-niji saajhedaari key madhyam seey kharch aur nivesh key bulbule koo protsaahit kiya thaa. isane kaee aprabhaavi aur anaavashyak baahari paramarsh aur salaahkaar samitiyon aur farmon koo vitt poshit kiya thaa, raajya dwara prabandhit saarvajanik karyon mein kaafee girawat kii anumati dee thee, sheersh prabandhan aur mukhya adhikaariyon key bonus aur vetan mein vriddhi kii thee, jisase ack nirantar aur sthaayi bharti neeti bunny thee jisase anaavashyak lock sevakon kii sankhya mein vriddhi hui haye. lagbhag chaar dashakon seey jokhim bharey rinn, saarvajanik rinn srijan aur europeeya sanrachanaatmak aur samanjasya nidhi key durupyog seey bhee arthavyavastha koo nuksan pahuncha haye. jahir haye, jaba 2005 mein pahali baar lakshan dikhaai diye tou pradhaan mantri socrets kaa mantrimandal inmein seey kissy kaa bhee purvanuman yaa roktham karane mein saksham naheen thaa, aur baad mein 2011 mein desh key diwalia honey key kagaar parr honey parr sthiti koo sudhaarne key liye kuchh bhee karane mein asamarth thaa.
23 march 2011 koo, jose socrets ney kharch mein katauti aur curr vriddhi parr sansad mein sabhi paanch vipakshi dalon dwara praayojit avishvaas prastaav key paarit honey key baad istifa dey diyaa.
6 aprail 2011 koo, istifa dene vaale pradhaan mantri ney television parr ghoshana kii kii desh, diwaliyapan kii sthiti kaa saamana curr rhaa haye, aaee. aim. aff. (usa samay dominic stross-kaana dwara prabandhit) aur europeeya vittiya sthirata suvidha, jaise grees aur ireland ganarajya ney pahale kiya thaa, koo vittiya sahaayata kaa anurodh karega.
purtagaal key samprabhu rinn sankat key liye europeeya sangh/aaee. aim. aff. key netritva vaali bachaav yojana koo puuraa karane key liye, julaai aur agast 2011 mein, pedro pasos coelho key netritva vaali naee sarkaar ney ghoshana kii kii vaha raajya key kharch mein katauti karane aur lock sevakon key vetan mein katauti aur atirikt curr vriddhi sahit tapasya upaayon koo badhaane jaa rahee haye.
baaki europe.
2008 kii doosari timahi mein europeeya sangh kii poori arthavyavastha mein 0.00 pratishat kii girawat aaee. ack europeeya aayog key purvanuman key anusaar germany, spen aur britten varsh key anta taka mandee mein pravesh curr jaayenge, jabaki france aur itali mein doosari timahi key sankuchan key baad teesari timahi mein sapaat vriddhi hogi.
denmark.
denmark ney 2007 kii chauthi timahi mein 0.20 pratishat key sankuchan key baad 2008 kii pahali timahi mein 0.6 pratishat kaa sankuchan dikhaaya. denmark key liye sanshodhit aankadon ney, halanki praarambhik mandee koo radd curr diyaa, kyonki jee. dee. pee. 2007 kii chauthi timahi mein + 1.00% parr samaapt huaa, isake baad 2008 kii pahali timahi mein-1.4% aur 2008 kii doosari timahi mein + 1.5% parr samaapt huaa. isaliye sanshodhit aankadon key anusaar, badee mandee kewal 2008 kii teesari timahi mein denmark mein shuru hui.
latvia.
pahali timahi mein 0.3 pratishat kii girawat key baad doosari timahi mein latvia kaa sakal gharelu utpaad 0.20 pratishat gir gayaa.
switzerland.
switzerland key dusare sabse badey baink key arthshastriyon ney 2009 mein mandee kii bhavishyavani kii thee.
astonia.
pahali timahi mein 0.50 pratishat key sankuchan key baad, 2008 kii doosari timahi mein astonia mein 0.9 pratishat kaa aarthik sankuchan dekhaa gayaa, lekin sanshodhit aankadon mein 2008 kii teesari timahi seey pahale koee mandee naheen dikhaai dee.
astonian khaadya udyog sangh kii adhyaksh, sirje poticep ney chetavani dee kii astonian khaadya udyog koo diwaliyapan key liye aavedan karane vaali dou pramukh peya companiyon kaa hawala dete hue diwaliyapan kaa saamana karna padegaa.
slovakia.
slovakia una kuchh hii deshon mein seey ack thaa jisane varsh 2008 key liye apani uchch jee. dee. pee. bhavishyavaniyon koo banaae rakhaa.
polland.
polland europeeya sangh kaa ekmatra sadasya haye jisane mandee seey bachaa haye, jiska arth haye kii 2009 mein polland ney europeeya sangh mein sabse adhik jee. dee. pee. vriddhi kii. disambar 2009 taka polish arthavyavastha naa tou mandee mein pravesh curr chuki thee aur naa hii sikud gaee thee, jabaki isake antarrashtriya mudra kosh (aaee. aim. aff.) 2010 jee. dee. pee. vikas key anuman mein 1.9 pratishat kaa sudhaar honey kii ummeed haye. 2010 kii doosari timahi mein vriddhi darr cumm seey cumm 3.1 pratishat thee. 30 agast 2010 taka, 2010 mein polland key liye europeeya sangh kaa jee. dee. pee. vikas anuman 2.7 pratishat haye, joe europeeya sangh key ausat 1 pratishat seey adhik haye. polland mein europeeya sangh mein sabse cumm videshi rinn daron mein seey ack haye, joe 320 arab dollar seey kuchh hii adhik haye, joe isake jee. dee. pee. kaa 46 pratishat haye.
iceland.
icelandic crona mein 2008 key dauran euro key mukabale 40 pratishat kii girawat aaee haye aur 14 pratishat kii mudrasfeeti kaa anubhav kiya haye. uchch mudrasfeeti seey nipatane key liye iceland kii byaaj daron koo badhaakar 15.5% curr diyaa gayaa haye. mudra moolya key iss nuksan ney iceland key bainkon parr dabaav daala haye, joe kaafee hudd taka videshi rinn parr nirbhar hain. 29 sitambar 2008 koo iceland sarkaar dwara baink key 75 pratishat stock kaa adhigrahan karane key baad iceland key glitnir kaa prabhaavi roop seey rashtriyakaran kiya gayaa thaa. sarkaar key anusaar aggar hastakshep naheen hotaa tou kuchh hafton key bheetar baink kaa astitva samaapt hoe jaataa.
iceland key pradhaan mantri geyar harde ney 6 octuber 2008 koo ack television sambodhan mein kahaa kii icelandic bainkon koo credit lines koo kaat diyaa gayaa thaa aur "icelandic arthavyavastha, sabse kharaab sthiti mein, bainkon key saath bavandar mein funce sakati haye aur parinam rashtriya diwaliyapan hoe sakata haye" aur yeh kii sarkaar taralata key sroton key liye anya deshon kii or dekh rahee thee. iceland kii sabhi cheejon ney sankat kaa jawab dete hue sarkaar koo bainkon parr vyaapak shaktiyan dene vaale ack vidheyak koo manjuri dee, jisamen unaki sampattiyon koo jabt karane kii kshamata, unhein vilay karane yaa apani videshi sahayak companiyon koo bechane key liye majboor karane kii kshamata shamil haye. sansad ney 8 octuber 2008 koo iceland key dusare sabse badey baink, landsbanky parr niyantran curr liya aur rashtriyakaran kiya. sansad ney desh key sabse badey baink, copthing koo 400 million pound kaa rinn bhee diyaa, iss ummeed mein kii yeh sansthaan kii balance sheet koo majboot karega.
8 octuber 2008 koo britten key pradhaan mantri gorden braun ney ghoshana kii kii britten sarkaar iceland key khilaf kanuni kaarravaai shuru karegi, jisaki sarkaar ney ghoshana kii kii landsbanky aur isake online brand, icesave key rashtriyakaran key baad unakaa anumaanit 300,000 yuke bachatkartaon mein seey kissy koo bhee muaavaja dene kaa koee irada naheen haye. sarkari khajaane key kuladhipati alastyre darling ney ghoshana kii kii britten sarkaar anumaanit 4 arab pound kaa puuraa bill uthaayegi, aur vaha landsbanky kii sampatti koo jabt karane key liye kadam uthaa rahee haye. agale dinn, priya ney iceland sthit baink landsbanky dweep samooh aich. aff. kii sampatti koo jabt karane key aadhar key roop mein aatankvaad-rodhi, aparaadh aur suraksha adhiniyam 2001 kaa upayog kiya. icelanders ney iss kaarravaai key virodh mein ack online yachika abhiyaan shuru kiya, jise icelandic bainkon kii tulanaa all-kayda seey karane key roop mein dekhaa jaataa haye.
arthshastriyon dwara iceland key jee. dee. pee. key sankat key parinamswarup cumm seey cumm 10 pratishat sikudane kii ummeed haye, jisase iceland kuchh hudd taka aarthik mandee mein parh jaayega.
27 janwari 2009 koo sarkaar gir gaee.
hangri.
10 octuber 2008 koo forrint mein 10 pratishat kii girawat aaee. europeeya kendriya baink (ee. see. bee.) ney 16 octuber koo ghoshana kii kii vaha 5 arab euro (6.7 arab americi dollar) kii rinn suvidha key saath hangri koo raahat dey rhaa haye, hangri key vitt mantralaya key kahane key kuchh hii dinon baad kii vaha ack sambhaavit samarthan package key baare mein antarrashtriya mudra kosh (aaee. aim. aff.) key saath paramarsh kii maang curr rhaa thaa. gair-euro raajya koo baahar nikaalane mein ee. see. bee. kaa abhootpoorv kadam hangri mein ubharate sankat aur shesh madhya europe parr isake sambhaavit prabhaav koo rekhaankit kartaa haye. kaee khilaadi prabhaavit honge, lekin vishesh roop seey jokhim mein austriyai baink hain jinhone iss kshetra mein itna bhaari nivesh kiya haye. austriyai bainkon kii sambhaavit gambhir adchan europe kii pahale seey hii pareshan banking pranali key liye ack mahatvapurna jhataka hoe sakati haye.
hangri, joe 2004 mein europeeya sangh mein shamil huaa thaa, apani arthavyavastha key vittaposhan key liye videshi poonji parr bhaari nirbharta key kaaran vartamaan vittiya sankat seey buri tarah prabhaavit huaa haye aur europeeya sangh mein sabse badey saarvajanik ghaate mein seey ack haye. pradhaan mantri ferenk guerseni ney kahaa kii antarrashtriya bellout seey pahale, sarkaar koo rashtriya mudra key patan sahit sabse kharaab sthiti kaa darr thaa.
navambar mein hangri koo vittiya patan seey bachaane key liye antarrashtriya mudra kosh seey 25 arab dollar kaa nakad injection milaa haye. disambar mein, aaee. aim. aff. ney 5 arab dollar aur ee. see. bee. ney 2 arab dollar kaa hastaantaran kiya.
bulgaria.
10 juuna 2009 koo bulgarian adhikaariyon ney ghoshana kii kii desh aadhikarik taur parr mandee mein thaa aur janwari seey juuna taka isaki arthavyavastha mein 4.2 pratishat kii kamee aaee thee. 12 varshon mein pahali baar doosari timahi mein bulgarian arthavyavastha mein saal-darr-saal 4.8 pratishat kii girawat aaee. berojgari teji seey badh rahee haye. krishi kshetra ney pichhale varsh kii isi avadhi kii tulanaa mein 2009 kii doosari timahi mein gatividhiyon mein girawat darj kii, jabaki udyog mein 9.8 pratishat kii girawat aaee. iss beach seva kshetra mein 0.3 pratishat kii vriddhi hui. janwari-juuna 2008 kii tulanaa mein iss varsh kii pahali chhamaahi key dauran bulgaria key ayaat mein 24.2 pratishat kii kamee aaee aur niryaat mein 18.2 pratishat kii girawat aaee.
united kingdam.
united kingdam kii arthavyavastha bhee tail kii badhati kimaton aur rinn sankat seey prabhaavit hui haye. citygroup key adhyaksh surr winn bischoff ney apane vishvaas key baare mein baat kii kii britten mein 2007 key anta seey dou saal taka gharon kii keematen lagaatar girengi. ernst aind young itum club ney 2008 mein kewal 1.5 pratishat kii vriddhi kii bhavishyavani kii, joe 2009 mein 1 pratishat taka dheemi hoe gaee. unhone yeh bhee bhavishyavani kii kii upabhokta kharch kewal 0.20 pratishat taka dheema hoe jaayega, aur nivesh mein dou saal kii girawat kaa anuman lagaaya. nideshak sansthaan key traimasik vyaapaar raay sarvekshan ney 1996 mein sarvekshan shuru honey key baad seey apane sabse nichale star parr vyaavsaayik ashawad dikhaaya.
baink off ingland key dipty governor, johnn geev ney kahaa kii mudrasfeeti mein 4 pratishat seey adhik kii teji aaegi jabaki aarthik vikas "teji seey dheema" hoe rhaa haye. baink off ingland key governor mervin king ney kahaa kii 2009 kii pahali timahi key baad "ack yaa dou timahi nakaratmak vriddhi" hoe sakati haye. give ney kahaa kii vaha britten kii arthavyavastha key mandee kii or badhane seey incar naheen curr sakate hain, yeh kahate hue kii arthavyavastha mandee key anta seey "kaafee lamba suffer taya" curr chuki haye.
desh bhar mein, britten kii sabse badee bhawan sanstha ney chetavani dee kii julaai 2008 mein pichhale varsh kii tulanaa mein gharon kii kimaton mein 8.1 pratishat kii girawat key baad britten mandee kii or badh sakata haye. julaai mein awas kii kimaton mein 1.70 pratishat kii girawat aaee, joe juuna mein darj kii gaee girawat seey doguni haye. standard aind poovers ney 30 julaai 2008 koo kahaa kii 70,000 makaan malik nakaratmak equity mein they aur 2009 mein apekshit 17 pratishat kii girawat key aadhar parr yeh 17 laakh yaa britten mein chhah makaan maalikon mein seey ack taka badh sakata haye. baink off ingland ney bataaya kii bandhak anumodan lagbhag 70 pratishat key record seey gir gayaa.
university off alster/baink off ireland key ack sarvekshan key anusaar uttari ireland mein gharon kii bikri mein lagbhag 50 pratishat kii girawat dekhi gaee aur awas kii kimaton mein ausatan 4 pratishat kii girawat aaee. julaai mein lagbhag ack dashak mein british vinirmaan gatividhi mein sabse adhik girawat aaee, joe lagaatar teesare maheene girawat haye.
maee-julaai 2008 mein prashaasan mein jaane vaali companiyon kii sankhya 938 thee, joe 2007 kii isi avadhi kii tulanaa mein 60 pratishat kii vriddhi thee. 2008 kii doosari timahi mein company parisamapan kii sankhya badhkar 3,689 hoe gaee, joe 16 pratishat kii vriddhi aur paanch varshon mein sabse adhik timahi aankada haye. makaan nirmaataon koo ummeed thee kii ingland aur wells mein 2008 mein banaae gaye gharon kii sankhya 1924 key baad seey sabse cumm hogi. girawat koo ack sanket key roop mein dekhaa gayaa kii united kingdam mein mandee mein pravesh karane kii uchch sambhavana thee. juuna 2008 mein britten mein karkhane kaa utpaadan 0.50 pratishat gir gayaa jaba karkhane key utpaadan kii 13 shreniyon mein seey baarah mein girawat aaee. 2008 kii doosari timahi mein britten key aarthik utpaadan mein kewal 0.20 pratishat kii vriddhi hui, joe 2001 key baad seey sanyukt roop seey sabse cumm gati haye.
anya mudraon kii tulanaa mein sterling kaa moolya lagbhag 30 pratishat gir gayaa.
rashtriya saankhyiki karyalaya ney baad mein ack sanshodhit sankhya dete hue kahaa kii british arthavyavastha mein vriddhi shoonya parr thee, joe 1992 kii doosari timahi key baad seey sabse kharaab thee. vartamaan mandee ney 16 varshon key nirantar aarthik vikas koo samaapt curr diyaa haye, joe 19veen shatabdi key baad seey britten mein aarthik vistaar kii sabse lambi avadhi haye. rashtriya aarthik aur samajik anusandhaan sansthaan kii ack report mein kahaa gayaa haye kii maee seey julaai 2008 kii avadhi mein arthavyavastha mein 0.20 pratishat aur juuna seey agast 2008 kii avadhi mein 0.20 pratishat kii girawat aaee haye.
vaishvik rinn sankat key vyaktigat vittiya prabhaavon key kaaran matdaataon kii pratikriya koo vyaapak roop seey united kingdam laber party key raajnetaon dwara jimmedaar thaharaaya gayaa thaa, joe 1997 seey satta mein they, kyonki maee 2008 key dauran unake raajneetik bhaagya mein naatakiya girawat aaee, upchunaavon aur landan mahapour chunaav mein haar key saath, aur unake itihas mein sabse kharaab janmat sarvekshan parinam. raajneetik virodhiyon ney iss spasht bahaane kaa virodh karate hue iss tathya kii or ishara kiya kii sankat key tootane seey thheek pahale juuna 2007 mein padbhar sambhaalane vaale nivartamaan pradhaan mantri gorden braun desh key 'lauh kuladhipati' they, aur kathit roop seey yeh sunishchit naheen kiya thaa kii desh key itihas mein aarthik vikas kii sabse lambi nirantar avadhi mein seey ack kii dekhrekh karane key bavjood, desh key paas karon koo cumm karane aur matdaataon parr bojh cumm karane mein saksham honey key liye paryaapt maudrik bhandar thaa. agast 2008 mein party koo una upayogita companiyon parr apratyaashit curr lagaane key ahwan kaa bhee saamana karna padaa, joe eendhan sankat key kaaran record laabh kamaa rahee theen, jinhen khaadya aur eendhan kii badhati kimaton koo dekhate hue kharaab maanaa jaataa thaa.
17 sitambar 2008 koo, khabar saamane aaee kii banking aur beema samooh aich. bee. oh. aiss. (halifax baink off scotland) 30 billion pound kii ack yuu. key. khudra banking diggaj banaane key baare mein lloyds tii. aiss. bee. key saath vilay vaarta curr rhaa thaa. iss kadam koo british sarkaar kaa samarthan milaa, jisane kahaa kii yeh pratispardha adhikaariyon key kissy bhee daave koo khariz curr degi.
rashtriya saankhyiki karyalaya key anusaar agast 2008 mein berojgari key daave 32,500 badhkar 904,900 taka pahunch gaye. vyaapak shram bull sarvekshan upaay mein paaya gayaa kii maee aur julaai key beach berojgari 81,000 badhkar 17.2 laakh hoe gaee, joe 1999 key baad seey sabse badee vriddhi haye.
sitambar 2008 mein, british baink bradford aind bingley key £20 billion key bachat vyavasaay kaa adhigrahan spanish baink groupo santander dwara kiya gayaa thaa. jabaki isake khudra jamaa vyavasaay key saath-saath isake shakha network koo santander koo becha jaayega. bandhak pustika, vyaktigat rinn pustika, mukhyalaya, koshagar parisampattiyaan aur isaki thoke dendaariyon koo saarvajanik swaamitva mein liya jaayega.
1 disambar 2008 seey, britten sarkaar ney chrismus seey pahale aur phir seey chrismus 2009 seey pahale britten key kharidaaron seey ack badey kharch koo protsaahit karane key prayaas mein 13 maheenon key liye vait koo 17.5% seey ghataakar 15 pratishat karane kaa nirnay liya.
4 disambar 2008 koo, baink off ingland ney byaaj daron mein 3 pratishat seey 2 pratishat kii katauti kii, joe 1951 key baad seey sabse cumm star thaa.
8 janwari 2009 koo, baink off ingland ney daron koo aur bhee cumm curr diyaa, 2 pratishat seey 1.5 pratishat taka, joe apane 325 saal key itihas mein sabse cumm star haye.
23 janwari 2009 koo, rashtriya saankhyiki karyalaya key sarkari aankadon seey pataa chalaa kii britten 1991 key baad pahali baar aadhikarik taur parr mandee mein thaa; 2008 kii antim timahi key dauran sakal gharelu utpaad mein 1.5% kii girawat 28 varshon key liye sabse tej thee.
5 farwari 2009 koo byaaj daron koo 1.5 pratishat seey ghataakar 1 pratishat curr diyaa gayaa.
mukhya british bimakartaon parr farwari 2009 key ack shodh seey pataa chalaa kii unamen seey adhikansh "dainik telegraph" yaa "dainik darpan" dwara kii gaee 20 pratishat vriddhi kii bhavishyavaniyon key bavjood, varsh 2009 key liye aadhikarik roop seey beema premium badhaane parr vichaar naheen curr rahey hain. haalaanki, yeh ummeed kii jaati haye kii poonji taralata ack mudda bunn jaayegi aur vriddhi koo nirdhaarit karegi, unaki poonji koo chhote labhansh dene vaale niveshon mein bandha jaayega, jisaki pushti 2007 mein hue 644 million pound key hamidari nuksan seey hui.
5 march 2009 koo, baink off ingland ney byaaj daron mein ack baar phir 1 pratishat seey 0.5 pratishat taka kii katauti kii. usee saptah, isane ghoshana kii kii vaha 150 arab pound taka key nae dhana kii chhapaai karate hue matratmak sahajata kii neeti shuru karega.
baink off ingland dwara march 2009 mein prakaashit aankadon seey pataa chalaa kii vasant aur 2008 key anta key beach yuke bainkon seey videshi holding mein $1 trillion seey adhik kii nikasi kii gaee thee, joe yuke vittiya sansthanon mein vishvaas key bhaari nuksan kaa pratinidhitva karati haye.
navambar 2008 taka, berojgari 18 laakh seey adhik hoe gaee thee (varsh kii shuruat mein 17 laakh seey cumm aur haal hii mein 2005 mein 15 laakh seey cumm kii tulanaa mein) aur 2009 kii shuruat taka 20 laakh seey adhik hoe gaee thee, joe 1996 key baad seey sabse adhik thee. yeh ashanka thee kii 2010 key dauran berojgari 30 laakh taka pahunch sakati haye-ack star joe 1980 key dashak key baad seey naheen dekhaa gayaa thaa. haalaanki, united kingdam mein mandee key anta kii ghoshana 26 janwari 2010 koo kii gaee thee, usa samay taka berojgari lagbhag 25 laakh thee. 2011 key anta mein lagbhag 27 laakh kaa shikhar hassil kiya gayaa thaa.
march 2009 mein taiyar kii gaee oh. aine. aiss. kii ack report mein kahaa gayaa haye kii 2008 kii antim timahi key dauran britten kii arthavyavastha mein 1.6 pratishat kii girawat aaee, jisamen gharelu kharch mein 1 pratishat kii girawat aaee. 2009 key dauran 4 pratishat jee. dee. pee. taka kii aur girawat kaa anuman lagaaya gayaa thaa.
aprail 2009 mein, yeh bataaya gayaa thaa kii pahali timahi mein jee. dee. pee. mein 1.9 pratishat kii kamee aaee thee, jisamen varsh key liye 4.1 pratishat kii girawat kii bhavishyavani kii gaee thee. iss aankade mein sabse badaa yogdan vinirmaan utpaadan kaa thaa, joe timahi mein 6.9 pratishat gir gayaa.
maee 2009 mein, standard aind powers ney britten key liye apane mulyankan drishtikon koo ghataakar nakaratmak curr diyaa. aadhikarik aankadon seey yeh bhee pataa chalaa haye kii british saarvajanik udhaar aprail key maheene key liye ack record uchch star parr pahunch gayaa, nae curr varsh key pahale maheene-shuddh saarvajanik udhaar aprail 2009 mein £ 8.5bn parr aaya, jabaki aprail 2008 mein yeh £ 1.8bn thaa.
juuna 2009 mein, pahali timahi mein jee. dee. pee. mein girawat key aankade koo 1.9 seey ghataakar 2.4 pratishat curr diyaa gayaa thaa, jisamen aarthik utpaadan pichhale varsh kii tulanaa mein 4.1 pratishat gir gayaa thaa. sanshodhit aankadon seey yeh bhee pataa chalaa haye kii mandee 2008 kii teesari timahi key bajaay 2008 kii doosari timahi mein shuru hui, jaisa kii pahale bataaya gayaa thaa.
maee 2009 taka key 3 maheenon mein, berojgari darr mein 281,000 kii record timahi vriddhi hui aur yeh 23.8 laakh hoe gaee-joe kamkaji aabaadi kaa 7.6% haye. juuna taka key teen maheenon mein, naukari kii riktiyon kii sankhya pichhali timahi kii tulanaa mein 35,000 cumm hocker 429,000 key record nichale star parr aaa gaee.
juuna 2009 key anta taka, saarvajanik kshetra kaa rinn £ 798.8 billion thaa, joe kii GDP key 56.6% key barabar thaa, joe 1974 mein record shuru honey key baad seey sabse adhik pratishat thaa. yeh juuna 2008 mein £ 641.4 billion yaa GDP key 44.4% kii tulanaa mein thaa. jaba rbs aur lloyds baink koo jamaanat dene kii laagat jodee jaati haye tou yeh aankada aur bhee adhik badhane kii ummeed haye.
agast 2009 taka, britten mein berojgari 24 laakh seey adhik thee, joe 1995 key baad seey sabse adhik thee. baink off ingland ney ghoshana kii kii britten mein gahari mandee key kaaran, vaha apane matratmak sahajata karyakram koo 175 arab pound taka badhaayega. navambar 2009 mein, baink off ingland ney ghoshana kii kii vaha mandee key madhyam seey britten kii arthavyavastha kii sahaayata mein matratmak sahajata kii nirantarta mein 25 arab pound aur jodega.
disambar 2009 mein, yeh pataa chalaa kii britten kii berojgari kull lagbhag 25 laakh thee-ack aur masik vriddhi aur 15 varshon key liye uchchatam star-lekin berojgari laabh kaa daavaa karane vaale logon kii sankhya vaastav mein 6,000 seey adhik gir gaee thee. iss star taka, britten antim pramukh arthvyavasthaon mein seey ack thee joe abhee bhee mandee mein thee. haalaanki, 26 farwari 2010 koo yeh pataa chalaa kii 2009 kii antim timahi key bheetar britten kii arthavyavastha mein 0.3% kii vriddhi hui thee aur britten mandee seey baahar thaa.
haalaanki, kaee arthashastri abhee bhee sthiti key baare mein anishchit they-berojgari laabh daavedaron mein apekshaakrit chhoti girawat kaa kaaran mausami naukariyan hoe sakati hain, aur ack aam chunaav aasann honey key saath, sarkaar key paas sarvottam aarthik tasveer prastut karane kaa harr kaaran thaa. anya kaarak joe kritrim roop seey uchch vikas darr paida curr sakate they, unamen "kaish-forr-clunkers" kaar pratisthaapan yojana kaa anta aur janwari mein vait mein 15 pratishat seey 17.5% kii katauti shamil thee, jisake kaaran kaee upabhokta apani khareed koo aage badhaa sakate they. isake alawa, qi key madhyam seey arthavyavastha mein 200 arab pound kaa nivesh kiya gayaa thaa, aur kendriya baink kii darr varsh key adhikansh samay key liye lagbhag 0 pratishat parr rakhee gaee thee. iss prakaar halanki aadhikarik aankadon seey pataa chalaa kii britten vaastav mein mandee seey baahar nickle gayaa thaa, dohare-girawat vaali mandee kii ashanka bunny hui thee. aaee. aim. aff. key anusaar, 2010 mein britten kii arthavyavastha purtagaal yaa itali kii tulanaa mein dheemi gati seey badhee thee.
juuna 2007 seey pradhaanmantri gorden braun key netritva mein britten kii shram sarkaar kii lokpriyata 2008 aur 2009 key dauran naatakiya roop seey gir gaee, jisamen janmat sarvekshanon mein nimn ranking, sthaaniya aur europeeya chunaavon mein nirashajanak pradarshan aur sansadiya upchunaavon mein kaee seeten haarne key saath. david cameron key netritva mein roodhivaadi vipaksh ney 2010 key aam chunaav mein sabse adhik vote aur seeten jeetin, lekin samagr bahumat seey cumm reh gayaa, aur ack naee sarkaar banaane key liye udaar loktantravadiyon key saath gathbandhan parr sahmat hoe gayaa. naee sarkaar koo kaee aarthik chunautiyon kaa saamana karna padaa, jaise kii aarthik vikas koo phir seey sthaapit karna, rashtriya ghaate koo cumm karna aur berojgari koo cumm karna, kaee samajik samasyaon kaa ullekh naheen karna, jinamen seey kaee mandee key parinamswarup tej hoe gaee theen.
romenia.
2008 mein uchch aarthik vikas (8.7%) key bavjood, romenia sankat seey bahut buri tarah prabhaavit thaa, vishleshakon ney 2009 key liye 8-9% key sankuchan kaa anuman lagaaya, kyonki 2008 key anta mein sthaapit naee sarkaar koee sankat-virodhi upaay karane mein asamarth thee.
romenia kii arthavyavastha europe mein sabse buri tarah prabhaavit hui haye. 2009 kii pahali chhamaahi key dauran desh kaa vyaapaar ghaata 60 pratishat seey adhik gir gayaa, lekin niryaat mein teji key kaaran naheen, balki vyaavsaayik diwaliyapan aur berojgari mein kamee key kaaran khapat mein kamee aaee.
roose.
1999 seey 2008 kii sharad ritu taka roose kii arthavyavastha mein sthir gati seey vriddhi hui, jise adhikansh visheshagyon ney putin kii neetiyon, 1998 key tej rupaye key avamoolyan, boris yeltsin yug key sanrachanaatmak sudhaaron, tail kii badhati kimaton aur paschimi bainkon seey saste rinn key liye jimmedaar thaharaaya. rashtrapati key roop mein vladmir puteen key pahale karyakal key baad (jisamen seey adhikansh key dauran mikhail kasyanov pradhaan mantri they), kuchh vishleshakon ney roose key alpakaalik aarthik vikas koo prabhaavshaali bataaya aur kahaa kii puteen "isake liye cumm seey cumm aanshik roop seey jimmedaar thaa": maulik sudhaaron kii ack shrinkhala lagu kii gaee thee, jisamen 13 pratishat kaa sapaat aaykar, cumm laabh curr, aur nae bhoomi aur kanuni code shamil they.
octuber 2008 mein roose vaishvik aarthik sankat seey sabse adhik prabhaavit deshon mein seey ack key roop mein ubhara, usa varsh julaai mein vladmir putin key meshel parr maukhik hamale aur agast mein roose-georgia yuddh key kaaran share bajar mein girawat aaee.
2008 mein, roose key benchmark aar. tii. aiss. share soochkaank mein 72.4 pratishat kii girawat aaee, jisase ise sabhi pramukh ubharate baajaron mein ack asamanya pradarshankarta key roop mein sthaan diyaa gayaa.
janwari 2009 mein, roose kii raajya saankhyiki seva ney aankade jaari kiye, jisake anusaar usa varsh navambar mein 8.7 pratishat kii girawat key baad disambar 2008 mein russie audyogik utpaadan mein 10.3 pratishat kii girawat aaee.
haalaanki, russie mukhya stock exchange soochkaank 2008 key anta kii tulanaa mein 2009 kii sharad ritu taka doguna hoe gayaa haye, aur 2009 key anta taka, lagbhag sankat seey pahale key star taka pahunch gayaa haye.
sweeden.
sweeden gambhir roop seey prabhaavit naheen huaa haye, aur kissy bhee baink yaa vittiya sansthaan koo vaastavik pareshani naheen hui haye. halanki, kuchh prabhaav dikhaai diye hain, joe jyaadaatar avishvaas aur isi tarah key manovaigyaanik tantra parr adharit hain. newyork aur anya baajaron key prabhaav key kaaran share bajar mein bhaari girawat aaee haye. kuchh bainkon, vishesh roop seey sweeden key bainkon ney americi awas baandon mein bhaari nivesh kiya thaa.
bainkon koo ack-dusare parr achchha bharosa naheen thaa aur antar-baink byaaj darr aur raajya byaaj darr key beach kaa antar cumm seey cumm 1 pratishat badh gayaa haye. awas rinn kii byaaj darein aur bhee badh gaee hain. vaishvik bikri vishesh roop seey kaaron kii bikri mein kamee aaee haye, jisase swedish kaar udyog koo karmchaariyon aur thekedaaron koo hataane key liye majboor honah padaa haye. mandee key badhate darr aur vittaposhan kii badhati laagat ney company key nivesh aur niji khapat koo cumm curr diyaa haye.
sweeden ney lagaatar dou timahi key aarthik sankuchan key baad mandee mein pravesh kiya. sweeden kii arthavyavastha ney 2008 kii doosari timahi mein shoonya vriddhi dikhaai.
2008 kii doosari aur teesari donon timaahiyon key dauran swedish jee. dee. pee. mein 0,1% kii kamee aaee. 2008 kii teesari timahi mein sweeden kii arthavyavastha mandee mein doob gaee. octuber mein khudra bikri maheene mein 0.6 pratishat gir gaee, aur teesari timahi mein gharelu khapat mein 0.20 pratishat kii girawat aaee. banking kshetra mein taralata banaae rakhane key liye rinn suvidhaaen kholane key baad, ricksbank ney ack nilami mein vittiya farmon koo 60 arab croner (7.71 arab dollar) rinn kii peshkash kii. disambar kii shuruat mein, sarkaar ney arthavyavastha koo punarjeevit karane key liye ack vittiya sthirata package shuru kiya, jabaki kendriya baink ney iss samjhaute key aagrah parr apani byaaj daron koo ghataakar 2 pratishat curr diyaa.
ukraine.
rating agency fitch ney chetavani dee kii ukraine mudra sankat kii or badh sakata haye kyonki aarthik buniyaadi baatein bigadati jaa rahee hain aur desh raajneetik anishchitata key ack aur daur mein pravesh curr rhaa haye. fitch ney kahaa kii gais ayaat kii kimaton mein vriddhi aur ispat niryaat kii kimaton mein girawat key kaaran chaalu khaate kaa ghaata aur badhane kii sambhavana haye aur kahaa kii ukraine koo aise samay mein adhik udhaar lene kii aavashyakta haye jaba vaishvik rinn bajar lagbhag thhap hoe gaye hain. ukraine key kendriya baink key pramukh petro poroshenko ney kahaa kii unhein mudra kii raksha key liye hastakshep karane kii koee aavashyakta naheen haye.
2008 key aarthik sankat seey ukraine buri tarah prabhaavit huaa thaa, vishleshakon kaa kahana haye kii ukraine kii pareshaniyon mein ispat kii kimaton mein girawat, sthaaniya banking samasyaaen aur janwari 2009 mein russie gais aapoorti mein katauti shamil hain. dhaatu vigyaan aur machine nirmaan jaise pramukh udyog shramikon koo naukari seey nikaal rahey hain, aur ack dashak mein pahali baar vaastavik majdoori mein girawat shuru hoe gaee haye.
norwey.
norwey sarkaar key pension kosh koo 2008 key dauran 92 arab dollar kaa nivesh nuksan huaa. haalaanki, tail kii bikri aur mudra kii gatividhiyon key kaaran kosh kaa samagr moolya badhaa.
croatia.
2008 mein anta taka aarthik vikas bund honey key saath, croatian arthavyavastha ack aise sankat mein pravesh curr gaee jisane kaee sanrachanaatmak muddon aur asthir vikas tantra koo ujagar curr diyaa, jisase 2015 taka asthirta kii avadhi badh gaee.
julaai 2013 mein europeeya sangh kaa sadasya banane parr desh abhee bhee prabhaavi roop seey chhah saal kii lambi mandee key beach thaa.
mandee ney ivo sanadar dwiteeya key mantrimandal key patan aur jadranka kosor key mantrimandal key saath isake pratisthaapan mein yogdan diyaa thaa. 2011 mein thaharaav kii avadhi key kaaran yeh baadhit huaa, jisake bavjood zoran milanovic key mantrimandal kaa chunaav huaa, phir bhee arthavyavastha jald hii mandee kii or laut aaee, jisamen yeh 2014 key anta taka bunny rahee.
europeeya aarthik sudhaar yojana.
navambar 2008 mein, europeeya aayog ney europeeya aarthik sudhaar yojana prastut kii, joe europeeya sangh mein aarthik sankat key parinamon key khilaf ladane key liye 200 arab euro (jee. dee. pee. kaa 1.2%) kii yojana thee. vaastav mein, yeh yojana neetiyon key beach adhik samanjasya key binaa, pratyek sarkaar dwara lagu kiye jaane vaale rashtriya upaayon kii ack shrinkhala haye. inn upaayon mein nivesh koo protsaahan, curr mein katauti aur samajik upaay shamil they.
vidyut gatishilata.
europeeya aarthik sudhaar yojana mein shamil harit kaar pahal (jee. see. aaee.) mein parivahan (vidyut gatishilata) kaa vidyuteekaran pramukhta seey shamil haye. dee. jee. train harit kaar pahal key hisse key roop mein lagbhag 50 million euro key kull bajat key saath vidyut vaahanon aur sambandhit buniyaadi dhaanche parr ack badee europeeya "electromobility" pariyojana kaa samarthan curr rhaa haye.

