caylood

kelud (, kabhi-kabhi "clute", "clute", "cloat", "cloat", "calloid" yaa "kelat" key roop mein vartani) kediri, purvi jaava, indoneshiya mein sthit ack parvat samataapavarti jwalamukhi haye. kaee indoneshiyai jwalamukhi aur prashant agni valay parr anya kii tarah, kelud apane poore itihas mein badey visfotak visfoton key liye jaanaa jaataa haye. 1000 esvi key baad seey 30 seey adhik visfot hue hain. 2007 mein, ack pravaahit visfot ney gaddhe koo laava gumbad seey bhar diyaa. yeh aakhiri baar 13 farwari 2014 koo visfot huaa thaa, jisamen laava gumbad koo nasht curr diyaa gayaa thaa aur caylood parvat seey paschim jaava taka pattharon, pattharon aur raakh koo baahar nikala gayaa thaa. barsaat key mausam mein gaddhe mein paani bhar jaataa haye.
1334 visfot.
kelud kaa visfot itihas indoneshiya key itihas mein kaafee anokha haye, kyonki yeh una kuchh jwalamukhi mein seey ack thaa jinaki gatividhiyon koo indoneshiya key aitihaasik khaaton mein darj kiya gayaa thaa. nagarkretagama kent 1 charan 4 aur 5 (1365 mein mapu prapanka dwara rachit) key anusaar, majapahit key raajaa hayam wuruk kaa janm 1256 shaka mein huaa thaa, joe 1334 esvi key anuroop haye, usee varsh jaba caylood parvat kaa visfot huaa thaa. prapanka ney tark diyaa kii yeh divya sanket thaa kii "bataara gurunata" ney khud koo prithvi parr prakat kiya haye, joe jawani raajaa key roop mein punarjanm leey rhaa haye. yeh vivaran usa samay key sthaaniya jawani maanas kaa bhee varnan kartaa haye (aur yahaan taka kii vartamaan taka) joe jwalamukhi visfot jaisi praakritik ghatana koo devtaon key divya sanket key roop mein maanata thaa.
1586 kaa visfot.
varsh 1586 mein mount caylood key sabse bheeshan visfot mein 10,000 seey adhik loga maare gaye they.
1919 mein keechad kaa pravaah.
19 maee, 1919 koo, caylood mein ack visfot mein anumaanit 5,000 loga maare gaye, jyaadaatar germ mitty key pravaah (jise "lahar" key roop mein bhee jaanaa jaataa haye) key madhyam seey. 1951, 1966 aur 1990 mein hue halia visfoton mein 250 aur loga maare gaye hain. 1966 key visfot key baad, gaddhe key dakshin-paschimi hisse mein ampera surangon (oopar aur neeche) kaa nirmaan kiya gayaa thaa taaki gaddhe kii jheel key paani koo cumm kiya jaa sakey (poori tarah seey nikasi naheen) aur iss prakaar lahar key khatare koo cumm kiya jaa sakey.
1990 kaa visfot.
farwari 1990 kii shuruat mein ack majboot aur visfotak visfot ney tefra key saat kilometres oonche stambh, bhaari tefra fauls aur kaee pyroclastic pravaahon kaa utpaadan kiya. tees seey adhik loga maare gaye. shramikon ney abhee bhee germ () pyroclastic pravaah jamaa key bavjood empera surang kaa nirmaan jaari rakhaa joe surang key muhaane taka pahunch gayaa aur dafan hoe gayaa.
2007 kaa visfot.
16 octuber 2007 koo, vaigyaanikon dwara jwalamukhi koo uchchatam chetavani star parr rakhane key baad, indoneshiya key adhikaariyon ney caylood key paas rahane vaale 30,000 nivaasiyon koo nikaalane kaa adesh diyaa, jiska arth haye kii unhein ack aasann visfot kii ummeed thee.
caylood lagbhag 3 baje futt gayaa.aim. sthaaniya samay shaniwar, 3 navambar 2007 koo. indoneshiya sarkaar key vulcanology aur bhoogarbhiya khatare key shaman kendra dwara visfot kii pushti kii gaee thee. haalaanki jaba visfot shuru huaa tou koee drishya pushti sambhav naheen thee kyonki jwalamukhi kii choti baadlon seey ghiri hui thee, indoneshiya key sarkari jwalamukhividon ney kahaa kii bhookamp kii reeding seey pataa chalaa kii visfot hoe rhaa thaa. jwalamukhi key bheetar 350,000 seey adhik loga rahate they. surabaya, indoneshiya kaa teesara sabse badaa shahari kshetra aur desh key sabse vyast havaai addon mein seey ack kaa ghar, uttar-paschim mein haye. halanki sthaaniya nivaasiyon koo octuber key madhya mein apane gharon koo chhodane kaa adesh diyaa gayaa thaa, lekin kaee yaa tou khaali naheen hue yaa antarim mein vaapas naheen aae. visfot kii soochana key baad kaee graminon key kshetra seey bhaag jaane kii soochana millie thee. lekin shaniwar kii shaam taka, indoneshiya key adhikaariyon ney kahaa kii usa dinn visfot bahut badaa naheen thaa. jwalamukhi key gaddhe key paas bhookampiya upkaran abhee bhee kaam curr rahey they, aur vaigyaanikon ney kahaa kii ack chhote seey visfot kaa sabse achchha sanket haye.
haalaanki, ravivaar kii subah, 4 navambar koo, mount caylood ney havaa mein raakh ugal dee, joe ack poorna visfot honey kaa sanket detaa haye. "indoneshiya key jwalamukhi vigyaan aur bhoogarbhiya khatare key shaman agency key pramukh sout simatupang ney kahaa, "visfot khatm naheen huaa haye. crater kii nigrani karane vaale bhookampavidon ney kahaa kii mount caylood kii crater jheel mein satah kaa tapman 4 navambar seey 3 navambar taka badhaa. tapman 3 navambar seey 4 navambar taka badh gayaa. atyadhik garmi ney bhaap aur dhuein key baadal paida curr diye.
5 navambar koo, gaddhe seey dhuein aur bhaap key nae stambh futt gaye. gaddhe kii jheel seey pahaad key kinaaron parr ubalata paani neeche gir gayaa aur gaddhe key paas bhookampiya upkaran kaam karna bund curr diyaa. indoneshiya key adhikaariyon ney kahaa kii lagbhag 25,000 loga khatare vaale kshetra mein baney hue hain, nikasi key aadeshon kii andekhi karate hue.
agale dinn, pahaad key oopar crater jheel key kendra seey ack laava gumbad ubhara. bund paripath television camers seey pataa chalata haye kii lamba aaytaakaar dweep jheel kii satah key oopar seey oopar chalaa gayaa thaa. jwalamukhi dhuaan utsarjit karna jaari rakhaa, jisamen plume vayumandal mein pahunch gaye.
lekin 48 ghante key dhuein aur raakh key baad lekin koee laava naheen, indoneshiya key adhikaariyon ney 8 navambar koo ghoshana kii kii koee visfot tatkaal naheen huaa thaa. adhikaariyon ney kahaa kii jwalamukhi "dheemi gati seey visfot" kaa anubhav curr rhaa thaa aur isake visfot kii sambhavana naheen thee kyonki yeh pichhali shatabdi mein kaee baar huaa thaa.
12 navambar taka, mount caylood ney apani crater jheel mein laava ugalana shuru curr diyaa. laava gumbad, joe lambe aur oonche taka fail gayaa thaa, futt gayaa aur laava aspas key paani mein bahane lagaa. dhuaan havaa seey adhik badh gayaa aur jwalamukhi key aspas key kaee gaanvon mein raakh kii dhool bhar gaee. 14 navambar koo dhuaan havaa mein beh gayaa aur gaanvon mein halki raakh chhaa gaee.
germ laava gumbad ney jheel key gaddhe parr kabja curr liya aur isake parinamswarup jheel gayab hoe gaee.
2014 kaa visfot.
13 farwari 2014 koo caylood kaa visfot huaa. visfot sthaaniya samay (yuu. tii. + 7) parr huaa. visfot ney jwalamukhiya raakh koo lagbhag vyaas key kshetra koo cover kiya, jisamen kull utsarg ack way 4 visfot honey kaa anuman lagaaya gayaa thaa. malang seey paschim taka jaava dweep key ack badey hisse key saath-saath kendriya jaava aur yogyakarta mein raakh kaa patan huaa. visfot ney lagbhag 76,000 nivaasiyon koo apane gharon koo khaali karane key liye prerit kiya. raakh key bhaar seey ghar dhahane seey dou logon key marane kii soochana millie thee. raakh mein saans lene seey ack bujurg vyakti kii bhee maut hoe gaee. kathit taur parr 14 farwari dopahar taka raakh jaava key paschimi kshetra mein bhee pahunch gaee, jahan bandung aur aspas jwalamukhiya raakh key nishan paae gaye.
visfot seey raakh girane seey jaava mein badaa vyavadhaan paida huaa. yogkarta, surkarta, surabaya, malang, semrang, silakap aur bandung mein saat havaai adde bund curr diye gaye they. havaai adde key bund honey seey honey vaale vittiya nuksan kaa moolya arabon rupaye (laakhon americi dollar) thaa, jisamen surabaya mein juanda antarrashtriya havaai adde parr anumaanit 2 arab rupaye (200,000 americi dollar) shamil they. vibhinn prakaar key vinirmaan aur krishi udyogon koo kaafee nuksan pahuncha thaa. aishfaul kaa matlab thaa kii unilever indoneshiya jaisi companiyon koo prabhaavit kshetron mein apane utpaadon koo vitarit karane mein kathinaaee hui. purvi jaava key baatu mein seb key bageechon ney 17.8 arab rupaye taka kaa nuksan darj kiya, jabaki praant mein dayeri udyog ney uchch nuksan darj kiya.
14 farwari 2014 koo, yogkarta seey lagbhag 200 kilometres poorv mein sthit purvi jaava mein, ack dinn pahale caylood jwalamukhi key visfot seey jwalamukhiya raakh girane seey gambhir roop seey prabhaavit honey key baad, borobudur, pramban aur ratoo boko sahit yogkarta aur kendriya jaava key pramukh paryatak aakarshan agantukon key liye bund curr diye gaye they. jwalamukhiya raakh seey sanrachana kii raksha key liye shramikon ney pratishthit stupon aur borobudur mandir kii moortiyon koo dhaka diyaa. raakh key kaaran, kaee paryatakon ney poore kendriya jaava mein hotalon mein apane aarakshan koo radd curr diyaa. "tempo" ney bataaya kii yogyakarta mein hotalon koo 22 arab rupaye (22 laakh americi dollar) kaa nuksan huaa thaa kyonki raakh key kaaran 80 pratishat seey adhik aarakshan radd curr diye gaye they.
visfot key baad pravaah 15 farwari taka shuru hoe gayaa thaa. indoneshiya key sainya karmiyon ney sadakon koo saaf karane key liye paani kii topon kaa upayog kiya, aur baad mein caylood key aspas key kshetron mein punarnirmaan key prayason mein shamil hue. nagrikon ney bhee aisaa hii kiya, halanki cumm shaktishali upkaranon key saath. yogyakarta seey aaney vaali raakh kaa niptan yogyakarta seey sthit chaar gaanvon mein kheton key nichale ilaakon mein kiya gayaa thaa. aprail key chunaavon key liye ichchuk raajneetik dalon ney visfoton key peediton koo bhojan vitarit karane mein madad kii. 20 farwari taka adhikansh vyavasaay aur aakarshan joe raakh girane key kaaran bund hoe gaye they, phir seey khul gaye they, halanki safai kaa kaam abhee bhee jaari thaa.
jwalamukhi kii chetavani kii sthiti koo 21 farwari koo cumm curr diyaa gayaa thaa, aur bahishkaran kshetra koo cumm curr diyaa gayaa thaa. march kii shuruat taka visfoton key dauran nasht yaa kshatigrast 12,304 imaraton mein seey adhikansh kii marammat kii gaee thee, jisaki anumaanit laagat 55 arab rupaye (5 karod 50 laakh americi dollar) thee.
granth soochi.
notes
sandarbh

