
tyne aur metro pahanen

tyne aur wear metro ack bhoomigat aur bhoomigat halki rail twarit pargaman pranali haye joe tyne, gatehead, north tineside, south tineside aur sunderland shahar (ack saath tyne aur wear banaate hue) parr nucasal kii seva karati haye. agast 1980 seey charanbaddh tareeke seey khola gayaa network abb kull 60 stations parr seva pradaan kartaa haye, jisamen dou laainen track koo cover karati hain. metro taka jameen key neeche aur jameen key oopar key stations key mishran seey pahuncha jaa sakata haye. ise "united kingdam mein pahali aadhunik halki rail pranali" key roop mein varnit kiya gayaa haye. vartamaan mein yeh pranali tyne key swaamitva mein haye aur yatri parivahan karyakari (nexus key roop mein branded) dwara sanchaalit haye, iss prakaar poori tarah seey saarvajanik swaamitva aur sanchaalan key tahat haye.
2018-19 mein, ack anumaanit 36.4million yatri yaatraaen metro parr kii gaeen, jisase yeh landan key docklands light railway (121.8million yatri yatra) aur manchester metro link (43.7million yatri yatra) key baad united kingdam mein teesara sabse adhik upayog kiya jaane vaalaa light rail network bunn gayaa.
praarambhik tyne aur wear metro network agast 1980 aur march 1984 key beach khola gayaa, jisamen jyaadaatar naee surang buniyaadi dhaanche seey judee parivartit poorv railway lines kaa upayog kiya gayaa. mool network key liye aage key vistaar navambar 1991 mein (baink phut seey havaai adde taka) aur march 2002 mein (pelaav seey sunderland aur south hilton taka) khole gaye they.
itihas.
poorvavarti.
vartamaan pranali bahut poorv railway buniyaadi dhaanche kaa upayog karati haye, jiska nirmaan jyaadaatar 1834 aur 1882 key beach kiya gayaa thaa, sabse puraane hisson mein seey ack nucasal aur north sheeled railway haye, joe 1839 mein khola gayaa thaa. 1904 mein, tramway pratiyogita key jawab mein, joe yaatriyon koo door leey jaa rhaa thaa, uttar purvi railway ney 600v dc thurd-rail system key saath nadee key uttar mein apane sthaaniya railway network key hisson kaa vidyuteekaran shuru kiya, jisase sabse puraane upnagariya electric network mein seey ack banaa, jise "tyneside electric" key roop mein jaanaa jaataa haye. 1938 mein, nucasal aur bijli key beach nadee key dakshin mein line kaa bhee vidyuteekaran kiya gayaa thaa.
1960 key dashak mein british rail key tahat, yaatriyon kii ghatati sankhya aur jeevan key anta mein vidyut buniyaadi dhaanche aur rolling stock key navinikaran kii laagat key kaaran, "tyneside electric" network koo bijli seey hataane aur ise deejal sanchaalan mein badalane kaa nirnay liya gayaa thaa. 1963 mein nucasal seey south sheeled line kaa vidyuteekaran kiya gayaa thaa, isake baad 1967 mein uttar tyneside maargon kaa vidyuteekaran kiya gayaa thaa. ise vyaapak roop seey ack pichhade kadam key roop mein dekhaa gayaa thaa, kyonki deejal trains bijli kii trains kii tulanaa mein dheemi theen jinhen unhone badal diyaa thaa.
yojana aur nirmaan.
1970 key dashak kii shuruat mein, kharaab sthaaniya parivahan pranali koo kshetra kii arthavyavastha koo rokane vaale mukhya karakon mein seey ack key roop mein pahachaana gayaa thaa, aur 1971 mein haal hii mein banaae gaye tyneside yatri parivahan pradhikaran (jise abb nexus key roop mein jaanaa jaataa haye) dwara ack adhyayan shuru kiya gayaa thaa kii parivahan pranali mein kaise sudhaar kiya jaa sakata haye.
iss adhyayan ney buri tarah seey kharaab poorv tyneside vidyut network koo ack vidyuteekrit twarit pargaman pranali mein parivartit karke punarjeevit karane kii sifarish kii, jisamen nae mahal aur gatehead key vyast kendriya kshetron koo behtar dhang seey seva dene key liye ack nayaa bhoomigat khand shamil hoga, kyonki yeh mahsoos kiya gayaa thaa kii maujooda rail network inn kshetron mein paryaapt roop seey seva naheen detaa haye. iss naee pranali kaa uddeshya ack nae ekikrit parivahan network kaa mool honah thaa, jisamen basein uddeshya-nirmit parivahan interchanges key liye feeder key roop mein kaary karati hain. yojanaon koo tyneside metropolitan railway adhiniyam dwara anumodit kiya gayaa thaa, jise julaai 1973 mein sansad dwara paarit kiya gayaa thaa. yojana key liye lagbhag 70 pratishat dhana kendra sarkaar key anudan seey aaya thaa, jisamen shesh sthaaniya sroton seey aaya thaa.
teen railway lines, kull milakar praarambhik pranali key hisse key roop mein metro lines mein parivartit kii jaani thee-yeye uttar tyneside loop aur nucasal seey dakshin sheeled shakha (joe donon pahale "tyneside electric" network kaa hissa they), aur ack chhota saa hissa maal-kewal pontland railway aur baink phut key beach, jisane 1929 seey koee yatri yatayat naheen dekhaa thaa.
parivartit railway lines koo nae buniyaadi dhaanche key aspas jodaa jaanaa thaa, joe maujooda rail network seey metro koo alag karane key liye banaaya gayaa thaa, aur nae kille aur gatehead key tahat nae bhoomigat maargon kaa nirmaan bhee kiya gayaa thaa. nae buniyaadi dhaanche key aspas surangon mein thaa, jabaki shesh yaa tou jamini star parr thaa yaa oonchaa thaa. oonche khandon mein raani elizabeth dwiteeya pull, nadee key paar metro leey jaane vaalaa ack nayaa pull, aur osburn ghaati key paar biker pull, aur beach mein shamil they.
nirmaan kaary octuber 1974 mein shuru huaa. isamen nae buniyaadi dhaanche kaa nirmaan, overhead line upkaran key saath maargon kaa punah vidyuteekaran, maujooda stations kaa unnayan yaa sthanantaran aur kaee nae stations kaa nirmaan shamil thaa, jinamen seey kuchh bhoomigat they. 1984 taka, pariyojana kii antim laagat £265 million (£ million key barabar) thee. tyne aur wear metro sanyukt raajya mein metrick pranali kaa upayog karane vaali pahali railway thee, jisamen sabhi gati aur doori kewal metrick ikaaiyon mein bataai gaee thee. yeh united kingdam mein pahali parivahan pranali bhee thee jise viklang yaatriyon key liye poori tarah seey sulabh honey key liye design kiya gayaa thaa, jisamen network key sabhi stations parr charan-mukt pahunch upalabdh thee.
udghaatan.
mool roop seey, tyne aur wear metro koo 1979 aur 1981 key beach charanon mein kholane kaa irada thaa. mool network (hemarket aur teinmouth key beach) kaa pahala charan agast 1980 mein khola gayaa, antim charan (hayworth aur south sheeled key beach) march 1984 mein khola gayaa. nucasal havaai adde aur sunderland key vistaar kramshah 1991 aur 2002 mein khole gaye. sevaaon aur stations key udghaatan kii tithiyaan iss prakaar hainh
rashtriya rail avasanrachana parr chalane vaali network kii sunderland shakha british parivahan pulis dwara niyantrit haye. baaki network northumberland pulis dwara pulis kiya jaataa haye.
ekikaran.
jaba pahali baar tyne aur wear metro khola gayaa, tou iska uddeshya ack ekikrit saarvajanik parivahan pranali kaa hissa banana thaa, jisamen sthaaniya buss network koo metro key liye 'feeder' sevaaon key roop mein kaary karane key liye phir seey configure kiya gayaa thaa. metro kaa uddeshya trunk yatra koo shamil karna thaa, jabaki bason koo chhoti, sthaaniya yaatraon kii disha mein phir seey design kiya gayaa thaa, taaki yaatriyon koo metro stations parr laaya jaa sakey aur ekikrit tikat kaa upayog kiya jaa sakey, aur metro anusuchi key saath unaki samay sarini ekikrit kii jaa sakey. kaee uddeshya-nirmit parivahan interchanges, jaise kii hayworth aur iss uddeshya key liye banaae gaye they. ekikaran alpakaalik thaa, aur 1986 mein buss sevaaon key viniyaman taka chalaa. haalaanki, parivahan tikat kharidana abhee bhee sambhav haye, taaki parivahan key kaee tarikon kaa upayog karke kii gaee yatra koo jodaa jaa sakey.
vistaar aur vriddhi.
nucasal havaai adde kaa vistaar.
navambar 1991 mein, 12 million pound kii laagat seey, tyne aur wear metro koo nucasal havaai adde taka badhaaya gayaa thaa. patariyon kaa nayaa khand, joe aspas kii doori koo cover kartaa haye, poorv pontland railway key sanrekhan key saath jaari rhaa, jisamen collerton parkway aur havaai adde parr dou stations kaa nirmaan kiya gayaa thaa.
pahanane key liye vistaar.
march 2002 mein, ack 100 million pound kaa vistaar, joe cover kartaa haye, koo sunderland aur seey khola gayaa thaa. maujooda durham tata rekha key vistaar kaa upayog kiya gayaa, jisamen metro aur rail sevaaon key beach ack saajha seva kii anumati dene key liye line koo anukoolit kiya jaa rhaa haye-isaliye sanyukt raajya mein carlsruhe model key ack roop koo lagu karane vaali pahali pranali bunn gaee haye. pelaav aur sunderland key beach, brokley whins, east bolden aur seaburn mein madhyavarti stations koo phir seey banaaya gayaa, jisamen network key liye teen aur uddeshya-nirmit kiye gaye, faulgate, light key stadium aur sent. peater kaa. sunderland aur poorv penshau-sunderland line key aspas, joe maee 1964 mein yatri yatayat key liye bund hoe gaee thee, kaa upayog maarg key sanrekhan key roop mein kiya gayaa thaa. network key liye park laine, vishvavidyalaya, milfield, pallion aur south hilton mein paanch uddeshya-nirmit stations kaa nirmaan kiya gayaa thaa.
unnayan aur vikas.
pariyojana orpheus.
2002 mein, nexus ney tyne aur wear mein parivahan key liye ack mahatvakankshi 15-varsheeya yojana kaa anaavaran kiya, jiska naam "project orpheus" thaa. pariyojana, jiska moolya £ 1.5billion haye, kaa uddeshya maujooda metro network kaa vistaar karna haye, jisamen crammington, doxford park, killingworth, metrocentre, seeham, team valley aur washington key link shamil hain. isake alawa, yojanaon mein sadak parr chalane vaale traum, tyne key paar nadee kii basein aur cable kaaren, joe 29 pramukh galiyaron koo jodati hain, kii shuruat hogi. pariyojana koo taba seey chhod diyaa gayaa haye, yojanaon parr phir seey kaam kiya gayaa haye aur "metroh sabhi parivartan" karyakram mein vikasit kiya gayaa haye.
metroh sub badal jaataa haye.
charan 1.
metro key "sabhi parivartan" karyakram key pahale charan mein network key sabhi 60 stations parr naee tikat masheenen sthaapit karane key liye 25 million pound kii pariyojana kii shuruat hui. poorv tikat machines key vipareet, joe kewal sikkon key saath bhugtan sweekaar karati hain, naee masheenen credit aur debit card (2013 mein sampark rahit bhugtan sweekaar karane key liye ack unnayan key saath), nott aur sikkon key saath bhugtan sweekaar karane mein saksham hain. sabhi parivartan" karyakram key pahale charan key hisse key roop mein swachaalit tikat baadhaaen (13 stations parr), aur network key sabhi stations parr smart card validator bhee pesh kiye gaye they.
karyakram key pahale charan mein march 2008 mein symenside mein ack nae station kaa nirmaan puuraa huaa, saath hii 2009 mein ghaas key bajar kaa navinikaran aur aadhunikikaran bhee huaa. iss charan key dauran sunder bhoomi parr platforms kaa unnayan aur kaee anya stations kaa navinikaran aur aadhunikikaran bhee kiya gayaa. 2009 aur 2016 key beach kaee stations parr lift aur escalators koo badal diyaa gayaa thaa. karyakram key pahale charan mein sanchaar, patari aur bijli lines, sanrachanaon aur tatbandhon sahit buniyaadi dhaanche kaa sudhaar bhee shamil thaa.
charan 2.
sabhi parivartan" karyakram key charan 2 mein 86 tyne aur wear metrokar (mool roop seey sabhi 90 metrokaron koo navinikrit kiya jaanaa thaa) kaa 20 million pound kaa navinikaran dekhaa gayaa. pratyek metrokar koo usake frame mein utaar diyaa gayaa aur phir seey banaaya gayaa, jisamen behtar viklang pahunch, nae darwaaje niyantran pranali aur nae sire seey aantarik, baithane aur prakaash vyavastha shamil thee. ack nayaa cademium peela aur kaalaa rung bhee apanaaya gayaa thaa. juuna 2010 mein, doncaster karyon mein webtech mein kaam shuru huaa, aur agast 2015 mein nirdhaarit samay seey paanch maheene pahale puuraa kiya gayaa thaa. navinikaran praapt karane vaalaa pahala metrokar 4041 thaa, jiska naam poorv gatehead paarshad aur mp, hairi counce key naam parr rakhaa gayaa thaa, 1970 key dashak mein unake kaam key sammaan mein, network key nirmaan koo surakshit karane mein madad karane key liye.
karyakram key dusare charan mein 45 aur stations kaa aadhunikikaran bhee dekhaa gayaa, jisamen uttar dhaal parr station kaa punarnirmaan, joe sitambar 2012 mein puuraa kiya gayaa thaa, saath hii saath naee sanchaar pranali kii sthaapana, aur pulon, surangon, patariyon aur bijli lines jaisi sanrachanaon kaa sudhaar aur rakharkhaav shamil haye.
charan 3.
metro key "sabhi parivartan" karyakram kaa teesara charan 2019 mein shuru huaa, jisamen 46 (mool roop seey 42) ikaaiyon key ack nae bede kii khareed kii gaee, jise swiss nirmaata, stadler dwara design kiya gayaa thaa. nae rolling stock kii delivery farwari 2023 mein shuru hui, jisamen pahali ikai key sitambar aur navambar 2023 key beach kuchh samay key liye seva mein pravesh karane kii ummeed haye, aur shesh 2024 yaa 2025 mein aaney kii ummeed haye. isamen ack naee signalling pranali kii shuruat, sanrachanaon, track aur overhead lines key overhall aur rakharkhaav, aur station mein aur sudhaar bhee dikhaai denge.
rakharkhaav aur navinikaran kaushal kendra.
julaai 2018 mein, nexus ney dakshin dhaal mein meal aind road parr nae rakharkhaav aur navinikaran kaushal kendra key nirmaan key liye kaam kii shuruat kii ghoshana kii. nirmaan agast 2018 mein shuru huaa aur navambar 2020 mein khola gayaa thaa. iss pariyojana mein teen manjila prashikshan kendra kaa nirmaan huaa, jisamen kakshaaen, ack nakali niyantran kaksh, chaalak prashikshan simulator, dhaki hui patariyan aur nireekshan gaddhe, aur ack nakali metro station, saath hii saath dohri patariyon kaa ack khand, jiska upayog track, point, signalling aur overhead line sahit buniyaadi dhaanche key prashikshan key liye kiya jaayega. iss sthal kaa upayog sthir rahane aur vaahanon kii ack chhoti sankhya koo banaae rakhane key liye bhee kiya jaataa haye.
metro pravaah.
march 2020 mein, sarkaar ney 2020 key bajat key dauran 103 million pound kii yojana kii ghoshana kii, jise "metro pravaah" key roop mein jaanaa jaataa haye. iss pariyojana kaa uddeshya prati ghante 5 seey 6 trains kii aavritti koo badhaana, yatra key samay koo cumm karna aur seva kii vishvasaniyata mein sudhaar karna haye. sitambar 2022 seey, pariyojana mein pelaav aur bedd key beach ekal line key teen khandon koo dohare upayog mein parivartit kiya jaayega, jisamen maujooda kewal maal-parivahan line kaa vidyuteekaran kiya jaayega, aur pelaav aur sunderland key beach saajha line key samaan pranali kaa upayog karke sanchaalit karane key liye phir seey design kiya jaayega. pariyojana key hisse key roop mein, chaar atirikt stadler ikaaiyon koo vitt poshit kiya gayaa haye, jisase order parr ikaaiyon kii kull sankhya 42 seey 46 hoe gaee haye.
seva aur aavritti.
tyne aur wear metro network mein dou laainen hoti hainh
sevaaen 05:00 aur 06:00 (ravivaar koo 06:00 aur 07:00 key beach) key beach shuru hoti hain, jisamen aadhi raat key aspas lagaatar trains chalati hain. pratyek pankti dinn key dauran harr 12 minut (somwar seey shaniwar) taka chalati haye, aur shaam key dauran aur ravivaar koo harr 15 minut taka chalati haye. yeh harr chhah minut (somwar seey shaniwar) taka kii sanyukt aavritti kii anumati detaa haye, aur shaam key dauran harr saat seey aathh minut taka aur ravivaar koo, pelaav aur dakshin gosphorath key beach. atirikt trains subah aur shaam key vyast samay (somwar seey shukravaar) key dauran pelaav aur regent center yaa bhikshu key beach chalati hain. yeh peak samay parr pelaav aur south gosphorth key beach harr teen minut mein ack metro pradaan kartaa haye. mool roop seey, hayworth (baad mein pelaav) aur benton key beach ack laal rekha aur sent james aur uttari dhaal key beach ack neeli rekha bhee thee. vyast stations parr aavritti badhaane key liye vyast samay key dauran inn lines parr atirikt trains chalati theen.
bedaa aur sanchaalan.
niyantran kendra.
metro niyantran kendra dakshin gosphorath mein station key saath ack imarat mein gosphorath mein sthit haye. yeh network key signalling aur vidyut aapoorti key sanchaalan key saath-saath dou-tarfa radio upkaran kaa upayog karke train chalakon aur anya karmchaariyon key saath samvaad karane key liye jimmedaar haye. niyantran kendra mein mool upkaran koo 2007 mein badal diyaa gayaa thaa, agast 2018 mein 12 million pound kii laagat seey ack naee computerykrit signalling niyantran pranali sthaapit kii gaee thee.
dipo.
vartamaan mein ack hii dipo seey tyne aur wear metro sanchaalit kiya jaataa haye, joe gosphorath mein bhee sthit haye. dipo koo 1923 mein landan aur uttar purvi railway dwara khola gayaa thaa aur iska upayog poorv "tyneside electric" stock koo rakhane key liye kiya jaataa thaa. agast 1980 mein pranali key khulane seey pahale dipo koo metro dwara viraasat mein praapt kiya gayaa thaa. dipo shakha seey havaai adde aur uttari tyneside loop key uttari charan key beach trikoniya kaante key kendra mein sthit haye. yeh longbenton, south gosphorth aur regent center mein stations key beach sthit haye; iska upayog bede kii chhura ghonpane, safai, rakharkhaav aur marammat key liye kiya jaataa haye. ise poorv yaa paschim seey trains dwara pahuncha jaa sakata haye aur poorv seey paschim taka chalane vaali ack dipo-avoiding line bhee haye, jiska upayog saarvajanik seva mein naheen kiya jaataa haye.
2021 key anta mein nae rolling stock key aagaman seey pahale, uttar tyneside mein havdon key paas ack nae dipo kaa nirmaan kiya gayaa thaa. iss sthal kaa upayog 10 metrocars key liye ack asthaayi chhura ghonpane aur rakharkhaav suvidha key roop mein kiya jaataa haye, jabaki dakshin gosphorth mein vartamaan dipo koo phir seey configure kiya jaa rhaa haye. havdon mein asthaayi dipo agast 2020 mein khola gayaa. dakshin dhaal mein rakharkhaav aur navinikaran kaushal kendra key hisse key roop mein dakshin tyneside mein ack aur vaahan chhura ghonpane aur rakharkhaav suvidha bhee kholane kaa karyakram haye.
vartamaan bedaa.
1980 mein tyne aind wear metro key khulane key baad seey, yeh usee rolling stock kaa upayog karke sanchaalit hoe rhaa haye. bede mein kull 87 (poorv mein 90, march 2017 taka) spasht ikaaiyaan shamil hain, jinhen metrokar key roop mein jaanaa jaataa haye, jinhen 4001-4090 sankhya mein rakhaa jaataa haye. jaba seva mein hotey hain, tou metrokar aamtaur parr jode mein ack saath jode jaate hain aur inki adhikatam gati hoti haye. pahali ikaaiyon kaa nirmaan dou prototype they, jinaki sankhya 4001 aur 4002 thee, jinhen 1975 mein pareekshan key liye vitarit kiya gayaa thaa. inke baad 88 utpaadan ikaaiyaan theen, jinhen 1978 aur 1981 key beach banaaya gayaa thaa. metrokar kaa design 1970 key dashak kii shuruat mein vikasit ack german halke rail vaahan stadbahnwagen bee parr adharit thaa. ikaaiyon kaa nirmaan metro-camel, washwood heath dwara kiya gayaa thaa.
bede koo kaee baar navinikrit kiya gayaa haye aur kaee leaver kaa upayog kiya gayaa haye. udghaatan mein upayog kii jaane vaali mool vardi cademium peela aur safed thee, joe usa samay tyne dwara upayog kiye jaane vaale rangon key anusaar thee aur yatri parivahan karyakari koo pahanati thee. 1995 aur 2000 key beach bede kaa ack madhya-jeevan navinikaran, ghar mein kiya gayaa thaa; ack naee vardi koo apanaaya gayaa thaa jisamen laal, harey yaa neele rung key shareer shamil they, jinake saamane aur peechhe peele sire they, aur darvaajon parr "metro" logo vaale trikon they.
86 metrocars (mool roop seey sabhi 90 kaa navinikaran kiya jaanaa thaa) kaa 20 million pound kaa navinikaran juuna 2010 mein shuru huaa, jisamen navinikaran karyakram kaa lakshya nae rolling stock kii delivery seey pahale 2025 taka bede kii seva jeevan kaa vistaar karna thaa. pratyek metrokar koo usake frame seey hataa diyaa gayaa thaa aur nae sire seey aantarik, baithane aur prakaash vyavastha key saath, behtar viklang pahunch aur nae darwaaje niyantran pranaliyon key saath phir seey banaaya gayaa thaa. ack nayaa kaalaa, dhusar aur peela rung bhee apanaaya gayaa thaa. agast 2015 mein navinikaran kaa kaam nirdhaarit samay seey paanch maheene pahale puuraa kiya gayaa thaa.
bhavishya kaa bedaa.
2016 mein, nexus ney 2020 key dashak kii shuruat taka seva mein aaney key lakshya key saath, ack pratisthaapan bede key liye £550 million key vitt poshan koo surakshit karane kii yojanaon kaa anaavaran kiya. navambar 2017 mein, sarkari khajaane key kuladhipati, phillip hammond ney ghoshana kii kii sarkaar nae bede key liye 33.7 karod pound kaa yogdan karegi. prastaavit nae bede mein dohri-voltage kshamata rakhane kii yojana banaai gaee thee, joe metro kii maujooda vidyuteekaran pranali key saath-saath network rail network parr upayog kii jaane vaali pranali parr kaam karane mein saksham hogi, taaki metro seva kaa vistaar kiya jaa sakey. halanki nexus ney isake bajaay recharge karane yogya battery praudyogiki key upayog koo prathamikta dete hue dohare-voltage design koo shamil naheen karane kaa faisala kiya.
sitambar 2018 mein, nae bede key nirmaan key liye bombardier, kaife, ack downer rail/crrc sanyukt udyam, hitachi aur stadler rail koo short-list kiya gayaa thaa. 
stadler koo janwari 2020 mein 42 paanch-carriage halke rail vaahanon key nirmaan aur rakharkhaav key liye ack anubandh diyaa gayaa thaa, jisamen delivery 2021 key anta mein shuru hogi aur sabhi trains 2024 taka yatri seva mein hongi. naee trains mein kshamata badhaane key liye agale stop audio-visual jaankaari pradarshan, tube-style raikhik baithane kii suvidha, vyaapak darwaaje aur galiyare, vatanukoolan, wify aur charging point honge. march 2020 mein 103 million pound kii "metro pravaah" pariyojana kii ghoshana key baad, chaar atirikt stadler ikaaiyon koo vitt poshit kiya gayaa haye, jisase order parr ikaaiyon kii kull sankhya 42 seey 46 hoe gaee haye.
sitambar 2020 mein, metro vayada website shuru kii gaee thee, jisase janata koo nae metro bede key kaee tatvon parr apana vichaar dene kii anumati millie.
disambar 2021 mein, nexus ney khulasa kiya kii metro bede ney switzerland mein stadler key karkhane mein antim assembly charan mein pravesh kiya thaa aur nirmaata pahali naee trains key mukhya aantarik ghatakon koo fitt karane kii prakriya mein haye. karyon mein pahiyon, seeton, upkaran key dibbon, pipe, taar, farsh, khidakiyon aur anya aantarik saaj-sajja kii sthaapana shamil haye. sitambar 2022 mein, nexus ney poorna pareekshan shuru karane seey pahale pahali baar apani shakti key tahat aage badhane vaali ikai key erlen mein stadler key pareekshan track parr liya gayaa ack video jaari kiya. nae bede mein seey pahala 28 farwari 2023 koo metro dipo mein aaya.
sahayak vaahan.
yatri trains key alawa, tyne aur wear metro teen battery-electric injanon (sankhya vaale bee. ell. 1-bee. ell. 3) kaa bhee sanchaalan kartaa haye, jinhen 1988 mein hunslet dwara nirmit kiya gayaa thaa. company ack plasser aur company key ballast tamper aur 15 vaigan kaa bhee sanchaalan karati haye, jinka upayog rakharkhaav aur marammat key kaam key liye kiya jaataa haye.
swaamitva.
tyne aur wayer metro saarvajanik roop seey swaamitva mein haye, joe parishad curr daataon aur sarkaar seey dhana praapt kartaa haye. nexus, joe metro kaa malik haye aur prabandhan kartaa haye, ney 2010 aur 2021 key beach pranali key liye aadhunikikaran nivesh aur sanchaalan subsidy koo surakshit karane key liye sarkaar key saath ack saude key hisse key roop mein sanchaalan aur train rakharkhaav kaa anubandh kiya. nexus ney kiraya, sevaaon kii aavritti aur sanchaalan key ghante nirdhaarit karna jaari rakhaa. virodhiyon kaa sujhaav hoga kii yeh pichhale darwaaje seey nijikaran thaa, halanki kuchh sevaaon koo pahale hii anubandhit kiya jaa chuka thaa, jaise kii stations kii safai aur tikat nireekshan.
navambar 2008 mein, nexus ney apani or seey vyavasaay key sanchaalan paksh koo chalaane key liye ack anubandh mein ruchi ghoshit karane key liye sambhaavit bolidataon koo aamantrit kiya. safal bolidata koo 1 aprail 2010 seey shuru honey vaalaa saat saal kaa anubandh praapt karna thaa, jisamen pradarshan key aadhar parr atirikt dou saal taka kaa anubandh thaa. farwari 2009 mein, chaar boliyon koo chunaa gayaah dee. bee. regio, aim. tii. aar. corporation, serco-abelio aur nexus seey ack inn-house bolly. octuber 2009 taka, shortlist koo dee. bee. regio aur nexus seey boliyon mein cumm curr diyaa gayaa thaa.
disambar 2009 mein, dee. bee. regio koo pasandida bolidata key roop mein naamit kiya gayaa thaa, jisamen farwari 2010 mein pranali key sanchaalan key liye anubandh parr hastakshar kiye gaye they, aur aprail 2010 mein seva koo saunp diyaa gayaa thaa. dee. bee. regio kii pahali pahalon mein seey ack "metro digg itt" karyakram thaa, aur isamen stations kii punah painting aur stations aur trains kii gahari safai shamil thee. farwari 2010 mein, sarkaar ney pushti kii kii vaha agale gyaarah varshon key dauran "metroh aul changes" karyakram parr kharch kiye jaane vaale 350 million pound key saath, tyne aur wayer metro key aadhunikikaran aur sanchaalan key liye 58 karod pound taka kii saanthgaanth pradaan karegi. agale nau varshon mein 230 million pound kii atirikt laagat seey chalane aur rakharkhaav kii laagat mein sahaayata milegi.
isake parinamswarup, 2010 aur 2017 key beach, metro koo dee. bee. regio dwara anubandh key tahat sanchaalit kiya gayaa thaa.
march 2016 mein, nexus ney ghoshana kii kii way dee. bee. regio key saath anubandh koo navinikrit karane kaa irada naheen rakhate hain, 2017 mein samaapt honey vaale anubandh key baad, yeh kahane key baad kii way chook gaye pradarshan lakshyon key kaaran operator seey asantusht they.
aprail 2017 mein, nexus ney anubandh koo phir seey nivida dene key iraade seey dou saal kii niyojit avadhi key liye pranali key pratyaksh sanchaalan koo apane haath mein leey liya. halanki, aar. aim. tii. trade union ney tark diyaa haye kii pratyaksh sanchaalan koo sthaayi banaaya jaanaa chaahiye, aur pranali kaa sanchaalan saarvajanik swaamitva mein rehna chaahiye. march 2021 taka, tyne aur wear metro network abhee bhee saarvajanik swaamitva key tahat haye, jisamen sevaayen nexus dwara sanchaalit hain.
buniyaadi dhancha.
station.
tyne aur wayer metro network parr 60 station charitra mein vyaapak roop seey bhinn hotey hain. kuchh poorv british rail station hain, jabaki anya metro key liye uddeshya seey banaae gaye they. adhikansh station jameen key oopar hain, lekin kendriya nae mahal aur dwaaron mein kaee bhoomigat hain, arthaat kendriya,,,,, sent. james aur gatehead. sunderland mein, park laine aur stations mein bhee bhoomigat platform hain. network parr chaar station, kendriya, hayworth, manners aur sunderland, rashtriya rail sevaaon key saath adaan-pradaan kii anumati dete hain. yeh united kingdam key dou stations mein seey kewal ack haye jahan halki aur bhaari rail sevaaen ack hii platform kaa upayog karati hain; doosara rotherham central haye, joe 2018 seey uttari aur transpanin express donon kii seva kartaa haye, aur schafield supertram network haye.
adhikansh metro stations parr niyamit roop seey karmchari naheen hotey hain. haalaanki, kendriya nucasal aur sunderland (ghaas kaa bazar, smaarak, kendriya, sunderland aur park laine) key sabse vyast stations parr shaam taka karmchari rahate hain, aur sent james, sent peaters aur stadium off light mein bhee match key dinon mein karmchari hotey hain. sabhi station tikat machine, aashray aur baithane kii jagah, agali train kii jaankaari pradarshan aur aapaatkaaleen sahaayata binduon seey lais hain. tikat masheenen credit aur debit card (sampark rahit bhugtan sahit), nott aur sikkon key saath bhugtan sweekaar karane mein saksham hain. metro key "sabhi parivartan" karyakram key pahale charan key dauran swachaalit tikat baadhaaen (13 stations parr) aur sabhi stations parr smart card validator bhee sthaapit kiye gaye they. adhikansh stations taka pahunch key liye khule honey key bavjood, tyne aur wayer metro mein ingland mein aathh halke rail networkon mein prati varsh yatri aaya kaa teesara sabse badaa star (2013/2014 mein £ 45.2million) haye. stations aur relgaadiyon donon parr nireekshakon kii gasht dwara niyamit roop seey jaanch kii jaati haye. binaa tikat key metro mein yatra karate hue pakade gaye yaatriyon parr 100 pound kaa jurmana lagaaya jaataa haye.
2022 mein, sabhi metro stations parr sparsh sthal kii sthaapana poori kii gaee thee.
saikilen.
network parr adhikansh stations mein saikil rack hain, jisamen network key 21 stations parr smart saikil locker sthit hain (march 2020 taka). 2016 mein ack pareekshan avadhi key baad, gair-modane vaali saikilon koo metro mein 10:00 aur 15:00 key beach aur 19:00 key baad saptah key dinon mein, aur saptahant mein poore dinn, collerton parkway aur jacemond key beach, manners aur jacemond (whiteley bey key madhyam seey) key beach, aur gatehead stadium aur south sheeled yaa south hilton key beach yatra karane kii anumati haye. gair-modane vaali saikilon koo kissy bhee samay collerton parkway aur havaai adde key beach yaa jacemond aur gatehead stadium key beach yatra karane kii anumati naheen haye. poore metro network mein binaa kissy pratibandh key yatra karane key liye taha saikilon kii anumati haye.
surangen.
nae mahal key tahat, dou maarg ack dusare key samkon parr bhoomigat hotey hain, aur smaarak parr kaatate hain, jisamen dou staron parr chaar munch hain. pahala maarg, donon hurry rekha (dakshin hilton seey havaai adde taka) aur pealy rekha (dakshin dhaal seey sent taka) dwara saajha kiya gayaa. james), uttar seey dakshin kii or chalata haye. yeh jacemond mein bhoomigat haye, aur raani elizabeth dwiteeya pull koo paar karane key liye jameen seey oopar uthane seey pahale smaarak aur madhya seey dakshin kii or chalata haye. isake baad yeh gatehead stadium mein station seey pahale phir seey jameen seey oopar uthane seey pahale, gatehead key neeche seey gujarati hui, gatehead kii seva karate hue ack aur surang mein pravesh kartaa haye.
doosara bhoomigat maarg, pealy rekha kaa hissa (dakshin dhaal seey sent taka. james), poorv seey paschim kii or chalata haye, poorv tata mukhya rekha key saath poorv kii or chalane key baad bhoomigat hoe jaataa haye, manore aur smaarak kii seva karane seey pahale, phir sent parr samaapt hotaa haye. james. yelo line trains dou baar smaarak seey gujarati hain, ack baar poorv-paschim platforms seey hocker poorv kii or, aur phir, uttar-dakshin loop key chaaron or daudane key baad, dakshin dhalon kii or jaane seey pahale uttar-dakshin platforms seey dakshin kii or.
tyne aur wear metro duniya kii kuchh twarit pargaman pranaliyon mein seey ack haye jisamen "pretzel" vinyas haye, jisamen ack line apane aap seey gujarati haye aur trains ack hii station seey dou baar alag-alag platforms parr gujarati hain. yeh vyavastha hegg mein randstadrial network parr woorweg mein aur bulgaria mein sofiya metro parr serdica mein bhee maujood haye.
ack chhoti spur line, joe aanshik roop seey ack surang mein chalati haye, manners seey jacemond taka chalati haye. line kaa upayog kewal khaali stock aavaajaahi key liye kiya jaataa haye, aur isamen koee yatri seva naheen haye. metro surangon key nirmaan seey pahale, yeh nae mahal key liye mukhya rail maarg kaa hissa thaa, aur manore mein mukhya line seey judaa huaa thaa.
surangon kaa nirmaan 1970 key dashak key anta mein khanan takneekon kaa upayog karke kiya gayaa thaa, aur inca nirmaan ekal-track tubes key roop mein kiya gayaa thaa, jinka vyaas 1970 key dashak key anta mein thaa. nae mahal key neeche kii surangen patthar kii mitty key madhyam seey yaantrik roop seey oob gaee theen, aur dhalvaan loha yaa concreet khandon key saath panktibaddh theen. gatehead key neeche kii surang balua patthar aur khudai kiye gaye koyale key seams key madhyam seey oob gaee thee. purani koyla khadanon kaa kaam, jinamen seey kuchh madhya yug key they, surang shuru honey seey pahale bharna padaa.
leval crossing.
metro network parr saat leval crossing hain, jinamen seey paanch nexus dwara sanchaalit hain aur inmein koee baadha naheen haye kyonki metro sevaaon kii aavritti unhein avyavahaarik banaa degi. dou anya purvi bolden key paas sthit hain joe rail network key saath saajha patariyon parr sthit hain, aur malgadiyon aur rashtriya rail sevaaon key kaaran baadhaaen hain joe unakaa upayog karati hain.
doori.
pranali parr doori koo dakshin gosphorth parr ack datum bindu seey maapa jaataa haye. yeh pranali metrick haye, jisamen doori kilometres mein haye, aur nikatatam meater taka goal haye. rekhaaon koo "inn" aur "out" key roop mein naamit kiya gayaa haye. inn" line sent seey chalati haye. james seey dakshin dhaal taka uttar tyneside loop key "ander" (wallsand key madhyam seey phir whiteley bey) key madhyam seey, "out" rekha vipareet disha mein chalati haye. vistaar seey, "inn" line havaai adde seey dakshin gosphorath taka aur pelaav seey dakshin hilton taka chalati haye.
doori kii platein sabhi oopari rekha sanrachanaon parr lagaai jaati hain. vibhinn doori aamtaur parr stations key liye uddhrit kii jaati haye, yeh iss baat parr nirbhar kartaa haye kii yatra kii disha "ander" yaa "baahar" haye yaa naheen. sabhi dishaaon mein datum seey doori badh jaati haye. network rail key swaamitva vaali pelaav aur dakshin hilton key beach kii line kaa hissa donon metrick ikaaiyon key saath-saath meal aur shrinkhalaon mein dohare nishan vaalaa haye. donon pranaliyon key beach kii seema pelaav junction parr sthit haye. network parr doori key hisab seey nikatatam aasann station sent hain. peater aur sunderland, sabse door key saath pelaav aur faulgate thaa.
vidyuteekaran.
tyne aur wear metro kaa vidyuteekaran 1,500vdc parr overhead lines key saath kiya gayaa haye, aur abb iss pranali kaa upayog karane vaalaa united kingdam mein ekmatra rail network haye. nexus ney kahaa haye kii unaki deerghakaalik mahatvakanksha pelaav aur sunderland key beach kii line key vidyuteekaran koo, joe bhaari rail key saath saajha kii jaati haye, network rail maanak mein badalana haye. halanki, aisaa karane key liye dohri voltage vaali trains key ack nae bede kii aavashyakta hogi.
savaariyaan.
198586 key vittiya varsh key dauran, tyne aur wear metro ney kull 59.1million yaatriyon koo leey jaaya-joe abb taka kaa sabse adhik aankada haye. 1987-88 taka, yeh ghatkar 44.9million hoe gayaa thaa. 1986 mein viniyaman key baad buss sevaaon key saath ekikaran key nuksan key saath-saath kshetra mein saarvajanik parivahan upayog mein samanya girawat key kaaran girawat aaee. 1990 key dashak key dauran upayog mein girawat jaari rahee, joe 200001 key dauran 32.5million key nichale star taka pahunch gayaa. sadee key anta seey, yatri upayog badhaa aur sthir hoe gayaa, salana 3540 million yaatriyon kii seema mein utaar-chadhaav huaa. 2016-17 seey pahale, landan key docklands light railway key baad, tyne aur wayer metro koo lagaatar united kingdam mein dusare sabse adhik upayog kiye jaane vaale traum aur light rail network key roop mein sthaan diyaa gayaa thaa. 202021 mein covid-19 mahamari key dauran yaatriyon kii sankhya mein kaafee girawat aaee aur yeh abb taka key sabse cumm star 9.4million parr aaa gaee. manchester metro link kaa bariki seey anusaran karate hue, docklands light railway key baad, metro united kingdam mein teesara sabse adhik upayog kiya jaane vaalaa traum aur light rail network haye.
branding aur pehchaan.
tyne aur wear metro kii ack vishisht design aur corporate pehchaan haye, joe shuru mein 1980 key dashak mein pratisthaapit pracheen rail pranali seey khud koo alag karane key liye vikasit kii gaee thee, saath hii 1986 mein viniyaman seey pahale tyne dwara sanchaalit bason kii vardi seey mell khaane key liye aur yatri parivahan karyakari koo pahanane key liye vikasit kii gaee thee. "calvert" typeface koo margaret calvert dwara design kiya gayaa thaa aur pahali baar metro parr upayog kiya gayaa thaa; iska upayog poore system mein badey paimaane parr kiya jaataa haye, jisamen peele rung kii prishthabhoomi parr vishisht kaale "aim" logo bhee shamil haye. logo kaa upayog metro koo darshaane key liye kiya jaataa haye, aur station key pravesh dwaaron parr cube sanketon key saath-saath board trains aur station key sanketon parr bhee dikhaaya jaataa haye.
1990 key dashak key anta aur 2000 key dashak kii shuruat mein metro kii branding pehchaan asangat aur bhramit honey key baad, sangathan koo brand koo punarjeevit karane mein madad karane key liye nexus ney ack sthaaniya design agency, gardiner richardson koo niyukt kiya. 2009 mein, "metroh aul changes" karyakram key hisse key roop mein, punah branding shuru hui. ree-branding mein akshar, sanket aur maanchitron parr "calvert" typeface parr jore diyaa gayaa. isane kaale, safed, bhoore aur peele rung kii ack saralikrit rung yojana kii shuruat bhee dekhi, jiska upayog navinikaran kiye gaye stations, sanketon aur trains mein kiya jaayega. 2009 mein, naee corporate branding aur rung yojana kaa upayog karke, ghaas kaa bajar pahala station thaa jise navinikrit kiya gayaa thaa.
kalaa.
parivahan network mein tyne aur wear mein 30 seey adhik sthaayi kalaa key tukade hain. kaee metro stations parr vibhinn kalakaron dwara shuru kiye gaye kaam shamil hain, jinamen shamil hainh
bhavishya key prastaavit unnayan aur vikas.
washington aaee. aeye. aim. pee. taka vistaar.
washington key liye poorv leamside line koo phir seey kholane kii sambhavana koo dekhate hue kaee prastaav aae hain, jinamen train sanchaalan companiyon key sangh (aeye. tii. oh. see.) kii 2009 kii report aur uttar poorv sanyukt pradhikaran (aine. ee. see. aeye.) key 2016 key prastaav key saath-saath 2000 key dashak kii shuruat seey parityakt "pariyojana orpheus" karyakram shamil haye. 2019-20 key roop mein, poorv lameside line key sanrekhan key hisse kaa upayog karate hue, washington mein antarrashtriya unnat vinirmaan park key saath pelaav aur south hilton mein vartamaan network koo jodane key liye prastaav rakhe jaa rahey hain.
ack vyaavsaayik mamle key pahale charan navambar 2022 mein prakaashit kiye gaye they. iska mulyankan uttar poorv sanyukt parivahan samiti dwara kiya jaayega, jisamen yojana kii laagat koo cover karane key liye sarkaar seey dhana praapt karane kii mahatvakanksha hogi, jisaki 745 million pound honey kii ummeed haye.

