
chaar-tube television camera

rangeen television studio upayog key liye chaar-tube television camera, pahali baar 1960 key dashak kii shuruat mein aar. see. aeye. dwara vikasit kiya gayaa thaa. iss cameray mein, laal, harey aur neele chitron key liye teen tubes key samanya poorak key alawa, ack drishya kii roshni (kaale aur safed) vivaran pradaan karane key liye ack chauthi tube koo shamil kiya gayaa thaa. iss tarah key cameray key saath, ack tej kaali aur safed tasveer hamesha sunishchit kii jaati thee, kyonki roshni kaa vivaran pradaan karane key liye teen rung naliyon seey sanketon koo jodana aavashyak naheen thaa.
rangeen television key shuruati dinon mein (1950 key dashak key madhya seey 1960 key dashak kii shuruat taka) studio cameray bhaari aur germ chala rahey they kyonki unamen teen badee chhavi orthican pick-upp tubes key alawa vacuum tube (thermionic valve) paripath thaa.
inn camers key saath hamesha teen rangeen chhaviyon key panjikaran seey baahar nikalane kii pravritti thee, samay key saath, jisase chitra kii teekshnata kaa parinami nuksan hotaa thaa.
1962 mein, inn sthirata samasyaon koo sambodhit karane key liye, aar. see. aeye. ney apane prototype chaar-tube cameray kii ghoshana kii. cameray key designers kaa uddeshya, pahala, ack aisaa camera banaana thaa joe galat panjikaran key liye adhik sahishnu thaa aur doosara, kuchh badey bhaari ioo tubes koo badalane key liye chhote vidicon tubes kaa upayog karke ack halke cameray koo praapt karna thaa. cameray mein luminance channel key liye ack image orthican tube aur rung chainalon key liye teen vidicon tube they. isake alawa, camera poori tarah seey transisterized thaa, chaar pick-upp tubes key alawa. 1963 mein cameray kaa poorna utpaadan huaa aur agale kuchh varshon mein kaee sou model kii bikri hassil kii gaee.
1960 key dashak key madhya mein, aar. see. aeye. key netritva key baad, 4-tube camers key anya sanskaranon kaa utpaadan kiya gayaa thaa (vivaran key liye neeche dekhein). kaee mamalon mein, ack naee upalabdh pickup tube (plumbican) kaa laabh uthaaya gayaa thaa. iss naee nully ney camers koo pahale kii tulanaa mein chhota aur halka honey diyaa.
haalaanki, dashak key anta taka, 4-tube cameray adhikansh nirmaataon aur grahakon key paksh mein naheen they. 3-tube camers seey chitron kii gunavatta aur sthirata mein ullekhaniya sudhaar huaa thaa, thhos avastha paripath, nalsaji nalikaon mein sudhaar aur chitra vriddhi takneekon key upayog key kaaran. isake alawa, 3-tube cameray 4-tube sanskaranon kii tulanaa mein chhote, halke aur saste they. 1970 key dashak kii shuruat taka, kewal kuchh hii nirmaataon ney abhee bhee 4-tube praarup kaa upayog karke cameray banaae.
chaar-tube vinyas key laabh.
3-tube rangeen cameray mein, chamak (kaalaa aur safed) sanket teen rung sanketon key sanyojan seey praapt hotaa haye, isaliye yadi tej chitra praapt karane hain tou teen chhaviyon kii panjikaran sateekta parr gambhir maangen rakhee jaati hain. halanki, chaar tube cameray key saath, iss panjikaran samasya seey bachaa jaataa haye kyonki prakaash sanket mein kshanik kinare sabhi ack hii tube seey utpann hotey hain. halanki tej chitron koo praapt karna hamesha ack vaanchhaniya uddeshya rhaa thaa, lekin rangeen television key shuruati dinon mein yeh vishesh roop seey chinta kaa vishay thaa jaba adhikansh darshakon key paas abhee bhee kaale aur safed sett they. yeh aavashyak maanaa jaataa thaa kii inn darshakon koo rung prasaran dekhate samay chitra kii gunavatta mein koee girawat naheen dekhani chaahiye.
rung chhaviyon key beach panjikaran sateekta koo aaraam dene key alawa, 4-tube camera prakaash chhavi key saapeksh inn teen chhaviyon key atirikt galat panjikaran kii anumati detaa haye. aisaa isaliye haye kyonki ack tej kaali aur safed chhavi kii upasthiti seey darshak dwara rung samagri key mahatvapurna visthaapan koo sahan kiya jaa sakata haye; ack aisee visheshta jiska lambe samay seey saste rung comics aur patrikaon key prakashakon dwara shoshan kiya jaataa haye.
1964 mein aar. see. aeye. engineeron ney maanaa kii 3-tube cameray key saapeksh panjikaran sahishnuta koo teen baar cumm kiya jaa sakata haye. bbc dwara baad mein kiye gaye ack adhyayan mein 3 aur 4-tube vyavasthaon kii tulanaa karate hue nishkarsh nikala gayaa kii 4-tube mamle mein cumm seey cumm 2:1 seey sahishnuta mein dheel dee jaa sakati haye.
4-tube pranali kaa ack aur laabh joe chitra mein shore seey sambandhit haye. aine. tii. aiss. see., paal aur sekam pranaliyon mein mishrit sanketon key roop mein sabhi baind-seemit rung jaankaari kaa upayog karate hain, isaliye 4-tube cameray mein rung channel baind-seemit, uchit roop seey hoe sakate hain. yeh sunishchit kartaa haye kii una chainalon seey uchch aavritti vaale shore seey prakaash chitra kaa koee sandushan naa hoe.
chaar tube pranali key nuksaanon mein laagat mein vriddhi, ack badaa aur bhaari camera, aur rung tubes parr prakaash key star koo cumm karna (prakaash koo luminance tube dwara 'chori' curr liya gayaa thaa), iss tarah key cameray koo cumm pariveshi prakaash mein baahari prasaran key liye cumm upayukt banaata thaa.
(ack tej chamak chhavi banaane kaa ack vaikalpik tarika teen tube luminance-redd-blue camera ('yearb' camera) thaa. haalaanki, iss pranali koo adhikansh nirmaataon dwara pasand naheen kiya gayaa thaa, kyonki isamen rung kii nishtha kii kamee thee. phir bhee, iss prakaar kaa ack 3-tube camera bosch/furnseh dwara nirmit kiya gayaa thaa, joe unake prakaar caque40 thaa.
aitihaasik prishthabhoomi.
shuruati teen-tube cameray.
1962 taka, television studio rangon mein karyakramon key liye 3-tube chhavi orthican camers kaa upayog karate they. udaaharan key liye, aar. see. aeye. ney tii. key.-41, jee. ee. pee. see.-15 aur pee. see.-25, marconi bee. dee. 848/bee. 3200 kii peshkash kii. way sabhi badey, bhaari, cameray they (udaaharan key liye, zoom lens key saath tii. key.-41 5 feat lamba thaa aur iska vajan 500 pound thaa). haalaanki, jaba thheek seey sthaapit kiya jaataa haye, tou yeye chhavi orthican cameray sukhad chitra dey sakate hain, jisamen tej kurkura roop thaa joe aaee kii ack visheshta thee.oh. pick-upp tube (video camera tube-image orthican dekhein).
pahala chaar-tube camera.
march 1962 mein, aar. see. aeye. ney pahale 4-tube cameray, tii. key.-42x (praayogik key liye 'aiks') kaa pradarshan kiya, jisamen rung kii jaankaari pradaan karane key liye teen vidicon tubes key saath, luminance tube key roop mein 4.5 "chhavi orthican tube koo shamil kiya gayaa thaa. iss nae cameray mein ack paaramparik boxes-aakar kaa awas thaa, lekin yeh halka aur chhota thaa aur isake bheetar 5:1 zoom lens ekikrit thaa. agale varsh, vibhinn takniki samasyaon key samadhan key saath, camera utpaadan mein chalaa gayaa. abb isaki profile teeke-41 key samaan thee, lekin yeh kaafee halki aur chhoti thee.
british chaar-tube cameray.
1963 mein marconi aur ammy key engineeron ney iss nae concept cameray kaa nireekshan karane key liye rca kaa daura kiya. agami yuu. key. rung seva mein cameray kaa upayog karane key liye bee. bee. see. engineeron ney bhee aar. see. aeye. kaa daura kiya.
unaki yatra key baad, ammy ney jaldi seey ack praayogik 4-tube camera banaaya, jisamen ack ammy prakaar 203 chhavi orthican studio cameray key bhaagon koo ack ammy prakaar 204 teen-wikin audyogik rung cameray key bhaagon key saath jodaa gayaa, iss cameray koo bbc koo pradarshit kiya gayaa aur vahaan ack gungune swaagat praapt huaa. isane ummeed key anusaar tej chitra banaae, lekin rangmapi mein samasyaaen theen. iss cameray kii tasveeren vibhinn websites parr paaee jaa sakati hain (yeh ack sunder camera naheen haye!). iss cameray key ack utpaadan sanskaran, ammy 2000 mein pick-upp tubes kaa ack samaan poorak thaa, lekin kabhi naheen banaaya gayaa thaa.
marconi, aar. see. aeye. kii apani yatra key baad, turant ack nae 4-tube cameray key vikas key baare mein bhee nirdhaarit karate hain, joe aar. see. aeye. ack kii avadharana key samaan haye. haalaanki, phillips seey nae upalabdh plumbicon camera tubes kaa upayog karate hue, iss kaam koo jald hii ack poorna plumbicon cameray (maark vii camera) key paksh mein chhod diyaa gayaa thaa. camera 9 maheenon mein puuraa kiya gayaa thaa aur duniya bhar mein upalabdh honey vaalaa pahala aul-plumbican 4-tube camera thaa. iska vipanan farwari 1966 seey america mein kiya gayaa thaa aur vahaan isaki paryaapt bikri hui thee.
ack saal seey bhee adhik samay taka peechhe rahane key baad, ammy ney apane prakaar 2001 key 4-tube plumbicon cameray koo puuraa kiya aur pradarshit kiya. yeh camera kewal bee. bee. see. dwara rangeen television seva key shubharambh key liye samay parr taiyar thaa, lekin phir britten mein bahut lokpriya saabit huaa, jisamen desh bhar key adhikansh studio mein cameray lagaae gaye. haalaanki, isake dair seey aagaman, british bajar mein jaane vaali sabhi shuruati bikri key kaaran, 1960 key dashak key madhya mein, jaba bajar kaa teji seey vistaar huaa, tou america mein bikri key avsaron seey camera gayab hoe gayaa. isake alawa, isane europeeya baajaron mein bahut cumm prabhaav daala joe yaa tou taiyar naheen they yaa pahale seey hii phillips key 3-tube camers kaa prabhutva thaa.
anya vikas.
teeke-42 key baad, rca ney isi tarah key praarup key saath kaee aur camers kaa utpaadan kiya. teeke-43 teeke-42 kaa ack sanskaran thaa, lekin ack baahari lens key saath, teeke-44 mein lumenance channel mein ack isocon tube aur rung chainalon key liye teen plumbican they. (isocon tube chhavi orthican kii tulanaa mein adhik samvedansheel thee, isaliye cameray koo bahut cumm prakaash star parr, baahari prasaran upayog mein sanchaalit karane mein saksham banaati haye. haalaanki, yeh ack alpakaalik nully thee). teeke-42 kaa ack sanskaran bhee thaa jisamen selenicon tubes ney vidicon koo badal diyaa thaa. inmein seey koee bhee camera teeke-42 kii matra mein naheen becha gayaa. rca ney chaar vidicon film camera, teeke-27 kaa bhee utpaadan kiya.
plumbicon tube key aagaman ney chhavi orthicon prakaar kii tubes key liye anta laaya aur 1960 key dashak key madhya seey, lagbhag sabhi television camers mein plumbican they, chaahe cameray mein upayog kii jaane vaali tubes kii sankhya kuchh bhee hoe. (iss tube kii ghoshana pahali baar duss saal pahale kii gaee thee, shuru mein chikitsa upayog key liye, lekin ise prasaran tv upayog key liye upayukt banaane mein bahut samay aur prayaas kiya gayaa thaa).
jee.ee. isake 3 x i kaa utpaadan bund hoe gayaa.oh.iss beach, company ney 1965 mein film scanner key upayog key liye ack 4-tube vidicon camera, ge-pee-24, laaya thaa. isake baad ack poorna-plumbican 4-tube camera, prakaar pee250, joe kuchh anya rung camers key prism optics key bajaay paaramparik rille optics kaa upayog kartaa thaa. iss cameray key baad pee. ee. 350 aur pee. ee. 400 kaa upayog kiya gayaa, joe 4-tube praarup kaa upayog karna jaari rakhaa. (jee.ee. usa samay, usa 4-tube camers ney sabse achchi tasveeren deen).
phillips anusandhaan prayogshala.aar. see. aeye. key netritva key baad, chaar-tube cameray key nirmaan parr bhee vichaar kiya. unake nae cameray mein ack prayogaatmak 2 "plumbicon tube shamil thee jise iss cameray key luminance channel mein upayog key liye vikasit kiya jaa rhaa thaa. kaam bund curr diyaa gayaa.
ack russie camera, prakaar key. tii.-166aim, mein 4 nalsaji aur prism prakashiki kaa upayog kiya gayaa thaa.
mrityu.
4-tube avadharana 1962 mein vikasit kii gaee thee, lekin isake laabhon koo sabhi dwara sweekaar naheen kiya gayaa thaa. 1967 mein bhee, montrax tv sangoshthi mein, teen aur chaar tube pranali key faayade aur nuksan parr abhee bhee garmagarm bahas hoe rahee thee. haalaanki, dashak key anta taka, 4-tube cameray fashion seey baahar hoe gaye they. uchch gunavatta vaale plumbican tubes, behtar panjikaran takneekon aur electronic chitra vriddhi vidhiyon key sanyojan ney 3-tube camers seey chitron koo poori tarah seey sweekarya banaa diyaa, jabaki 4-tube camers koo badey, bhaari aur chalaane key liye mahange maanaa jaataa thaa. iss tarah key parinam kii bhavishyavani bee. bee. see. engineeron ney kii thee.
aar. see. aeye. ney 1966 mein tii. key.-42 kaa utpaadan bund curr diyaa aur 1968 taka tii. key.-44aeye. (ack 3-plumbicon camera, joe norelco pee. see. 60 kii avadharana key samaan thaa. 1968 mein marconi ney apana nayaa maark viii camera saamane laaya, joe ack halka, saaf, teen tube design thaa jisamen abhinn zoom aur auto-panjikaran kshamata thee. phillips ney apane norelco camers mein sudhaar karna jaari rakhaa. (abb way apani "teesari peedhi" kaa camera pesh curr rahey hain). 3-tube camers key anya aapurtikarta bee. see.-230, sanyukt raajya america mein drishya electronics aur germany mein bosch-furnseh key. see. yuu. 40 key saath sheersh they. kewal kuchh nirmaataon ney dashak key anta seey aage 4-tube avadharana key saath jaari rakhaa. ge ney 4-tube vinyas key saath jaari rakhaa, isake baad pee. ee. 350 koo baahar laaya, usake baad pee. ee. 400, jaisa kii pahale ullekh kiya gayaa haye. kuchh samay key liye, france mein thomson see. aiss. aff. ney 4-tube th kii peshkash kii.2001 mein (ack camera joe mool roop seey 2001 mein banaaya gayaa thaa) lekin 1970 key dashak kii shuruat taka 3-tube tv 1515 kii peshkash kii jaa rahee thee.
shuru mein, ammy ney 4-tube film cameray (ammy 2002) kaa utpaadan karke 4-tube avadharana koo jaari rakhaa, lekin 1969 taka studio camers mein 2001 (2001see prakaar) key 3-tube sanskaran koo pesh karke, vishesh roop seey americi bajar key liye, ivc key saath saajhedaari mein, iss pravritti kaa paalan karane kaa faisala kiya. yeh udyam safal naheen thaa; camera lagbhag 4-tube design jitna badaa aur bhaari thaa jiss parr yeh adharit thaa, jabaki pratispardha mein abb chhote, halke, uddeshya-nirmit, 3-tube design they. usake baad, ammy ney 4-tube avadharana koo poori tarah seey chhod diyaa aur 1970 mein 2005 prakaar kii shuruat kii. yeh ack paaramparik 3-tube design thaa, joe 2001 key samaan thaa, lekin ack baahari zoom lens key saath. isane britten mein mamuli bikri hassil kii.
rung prasanskaran.
aine. tii. aiss. see. key liye samagr tarangon mein teen ghatak hain, paal aur sekam prasaran television pranali ack wideband lumenance signal (vaaee) aur dou sankeern baind rung-antar sanket, jisamen (aar-vaaee) aur (bee-vaaee) shamil hain. inn ghatakon koo sancharan key liye upayukt tarang dene key liye jodaa jaataa haye. grahan aur demodulation key baad, mishrit tarang koo laal, harey aur neele sanket dene key liye decode kiya jaataa haye joe ack display tube kii teen bandookon parr lagu hotey hain.
(iss prakriya mein upayog kiya jaane vaalaa prakaash sanket teen tube cameray mein laal, harey aur neele chitron key sanketon key sanyojan seey utpann honey key liye maanaa gayaa thaa, jahaan y dwara diyaa gayaa haye (yahaan gaama sudhaar key saath muddon kii andekhi, saralata key liye):
sootra _ 1
aur ack rung praaptakarta mein prasanskaran yeh maanata haye kii prakaash sanket kaa yeh roop haye, jaba mishrit sanket kaa alag-alag rung ghatakon mein decoding hoti haye. (laal, harey aur neele chainalon kii varnakramiya samvedansheelta mein poorv-paribhaashit visheshtaen theen joe vyavhaar mein, (aeye) dwi-visham paraavartan satahon kii visheshtaon, (bee) pick-upp tubes seey aage optical filter aur (see) pick-upp tubes kii varnakramiya visheshtaon key sanyojan dwara praapt kii gaee theen).
chaar-tube cameray key mamle mein, rangmapi key saath ack samasya haye yadi luminance tube seey sanket kaa upayog 'y' kaa pratinidhitva karane key liye aparivartit roop mein kiya jaataa haye, kyonki usa sanket key panchromatic honey kii sambhavana haye, bajaay isake kii oopar diye gaye sameekaran dwara diye gaye luminance sanket key samaan ack visheshta hoe. natijatan, yadi rung antar sanket 'y' key iss aparivartit sanskaran kaa upayog karate hain, tou receiver mein decoded rung pradarshan mein santripti aur rung trutiyaan hongi.
4-tube camers key vibhinn nirmaataon ney iss samasya koo hull karane key liye vibhinn tarikon kaa upayog kiya. rca ney apane teeke-42 mein, luminance tube key saamane ack optical filter rakhaa joe aavashyak luminocity function key anusaar prakaash sanchaarit kartaa haye. marconi, aim. key. vii mein, prakaash koo prakaash nully mein pratibimbit karane key liye ack dwidhruvi darpan kaa upayog kartaa thaa jisamen aavashyak chamak kaary thaa. ammy, apane 2001 key cameray mein, 3-tube abhyaas key anusaar, baind-seemit rung chainalon seey ack cumm aavritti prakaash sanket banaaya. wideband lumenance signal koo isake dwara thheek kiya gayaa thaa taaki cumm aavrittiyon parr aavashyak lumenance visheshta praapt kii jaa sakey. iss prakriya koo delta-ell sudhaar vidhi key roop mein sandarbhit kiya gayaa thaa. <bee. aar.>
ge chaar-tube camers mein ack tatasth vibhajan prism, ack ardh-chaandi kii satah key saath, luminance tube key liye chhavi pradaan karane key liye upayog kiya gayaa thaa, isaliye luminance channel mein koee varnakramiya aakar kaa upayog naheen kiya gayaa thaa. isake bajaay, camers mein ack aathh-sthiti filter wheel thaa, joe zoom lens key thheek baad sthit thaa, taaki ack drishya mein saamane aaney vaali prakaash sthitiyon key anusaar, tv chitra mein ishtatam rangmapi dene key liye ack filter chunaa jaa sakey.
camera detta.
tippaniyanh

