
nicolose baratashvili

rajkumar nicolose "taato" baratashvili (4 disambar 1817-21 octuber 1845) ack georgia key kavi they. way pahale georgian logon mein seey ack they jinhone europeeya romantikwad key saath aadhunik raashtravaad kaa vivaah kiya aur georgian saahitya mein "europeeyavaad" koo pesh kiya. apani praarambhik mrityu key kaaran, baratashvili ney chaalees seey cumm laghu geeton, ack vistaarit kavita aur kuchh niji patron kii apekshaakrit chhoti saahityik viraasat chhodi, lekin phir bhee unhein georgia key romantikwad kaa uchch bindu maanaa jaataa haye. unhein "georgian byron" key roop mein sandarbhit kiya gayaa thaa.
jeevani.
nicolose baratashvili, jise pyaar seey taato (taato) key roop mein jaanaa jaataa haye, kaa janm georgia kii rajdhani tifflis (tbilisi) mein huaa thaa, joe taba russie transcousia kaa ack pramukh shahar thaa. unake pitaa, rajkumar meliton baratashvili (1795-1860), russie prashaasan key liye kaam karane vaale ack garib kuleen vyakti they. unaki maan, ephemia yaa beliani (1801-1849), georgia key kavi aur samanya rajkumar grigol yaa beliani kii bahan theen aur antim georgia key raajaa ereclay II kii vanshaj theen.
baratashvili ney 1835 mein kuleenata key liye ack tifflis vyayamshala seey snaatak kiya, jahan unhein ack georgia key deshbhakt aur udaar daarshanik soloman dodashvili dwara padhaaya gayaa thaa. baratashvili kii kavita kii dukhad gunavatta unake dardanaak vyaktigat jeevan key saath-saath unaki matribhoomi mein samkaaleen raajneetik sthiti seey nirdhaarit hoti thee. 1832 mein georgia key raeeson kii roose virodhi sajish kii viphalata, jisake saath baratashvili ack schooly chhaatr sahaanubhooti rakhane vaalaa thaa, ney kaee shadyantrakariyon koo swatantra ateet koo aparivartaniya roop seey khoye hue key roop mein dekhane aur russie nirankushta key saath khud koo sulajha lene key liye majboor kiya, khoye hue ateet aur mool rajvansh key patan key liye apane vilaap koo romantic kavita mein badal diyaa. paise kii kamee ney baratashvili koo russie vishvavidyalayon mein apani padhaai jaari rakhane seey roque diyaa, jabaki ack praarambhik shaaririk chot-usaki langadaapan-ney usey apani ichcha key anusaar sainya seva mein pravesh karane kii anumati naheen dee. antatah, baratashvili koo russie naukarshahi seva mein pravesh karna padaa aur ganja key azerbaijani shahar mein ack sadharan clerk key roop mein seva karni padee. unake jeevan key prem, rajkumari ekaterin chavchavadje ney unhein aswikar curr diyaa aur mingreliya key rajkumar david dadiani seey shaadi curr lii.
27 saal kii umr mein, binaa shoke aur aprakaashit, maleria seey maraa baratashvili kaa prabhaav lambe samay taka vilambit rhaa, lekin georgia key saahitya kii agali peedhi ney unake geeton kii phir seey khoj kii, unhein maranoparant 1861 aur 1876 key beach prakaashit kiya gayaa aur murtipuja kii gaee. 1893 mein ganja seey tbilisi taka baratashvili kaa punah pravesh ack rashtriya utsav mein badal gayaa. 1938 seey, unake avashesh tbilisi mein mtatsminda panthion mein padey hue hain.
kaam kartaa haye.
baratashvili key vishva drishtikon mein ack pramukh antardrishti unaki aitihaasik kavita "georgia kaa bhaagya" (beddy carthelisa, "beddy art 'lissa"; 1839) mein paaee jaa sakati haye, joe georgia key navintam durbhagya key liye ack preranadayak aur spasht vilaap haye. 22 saal kii umr mein baratashvili dwara likhi gaee yeh kavita ack vaastavik aitihaasik ghatana parr adharit haih faras key shaasak mohammad khaan kajaar dwara 1795 mein tbilisi koo barbad karna, jisane nirash georgia key raajaa ereclay dwiteeya koo apane desh kii suraksha koo russie samrajya parr fenkane key liye majboor kiya. haalaanki, iss kaam mein vichaar kii jaane vaali rashtriya samasyaon koo ack aadhunik drishtikon key saath dekhaa jaataa haye; kavita naa kewal georgia key ateet parr vichaar karati haye, balki 1832 key asafal vidroh key baad isake bhavishya parr bhee vichaar karati haye. iss kavita mein, baratashvili ney apane kuladhipati, soloman lionids key saath ereclay II kii bahas koo punah prastut kiya haye, joe roose key saath sangh kaa virodh kartaa haye aur sochata haye kii isake parinamswarup georgia kii rashtriya pehchaan kaa nuksan hoga. leoniz kii patni apane pati seey ack vilaap mein poochhati haye, joe sabhi sakshar georgian logon key liye parichit hoe gayaah "aggar vaha pinjare mein haye tou komal nightingale koo sammaan seey kyaa khushi milati haye?"kavi aur paathak donon kii sahaanubhooti soloman key paksh mein hoti haye, lekin raajaa kaa vastunishth roop seey tarksangat nirnay prabal hotaa haye.
apane laghu rachanaatmak jeevan (1833-45) key dauran baratashvili ney kalaa aur vichaaron kii kathin avadhaaranaon koo vikasit kiya. british vidwan donald rayfield key shabdon mein, baratashvili ney "chhadm-archism key saath apani ack bhasha vikasit kii, joe aspasht lekin dhwaniheen, aadhunik, kabhi-kabhi shandar madhyayugeen thee."apani pichhali kavita" "dusk onn mtatsminda" "(семооомеме метеменесе," "shemoghameba mt 'th' sh mindze" "; 1833-36) mein paathak dharti key bojh seey mukt honey aur gupt praakritik taakton key saath judane kii romantic akanksha mahsoos curr sakata haye. baratashvili kaa prem-kavya rajkumari chavchavadje key liye apane dukhi jununi prem key saath apane charam parr pahunch gayaa aur "anath aatma" (сули оли, "sulee oboli"; 1839) mein anath aatma key vichaar key saath garbhavati haye. maanav sukh seey nirash, baratashvili alaukik aitihaasik hastiyon kii prashansa kartaa haye, jaise kii ereclay II aur napolean, jinhen vaha anand aur dukh seey parey maanata haye. unaki sabse mahatvapurna kritiyon mein kavitaaen "dusht aatma" (сули ороти, "suulii boroti"; 1843), "mtakwari kii nadee key kinare parr vichaar" (сули мтоторис πирас, сототи мтоторис πирас; 1837), aur "pegasus" (мерани, "merini"; 1842) shamil hain. iss uttaraardh kavita ney baad key georgian kaviyon koo bhavishya key ack rahasyavaadi, sarvanashkari drishti key roop mein aakarshit kiya. isamen sarvashaktimaan munn, vishvaas seey prerit, kavita key geetaatmak naayak koo apane bhaaiyon key naam parr jaanboojhkar apana balidan karane key liye kahata haye. merani" kaa dukhad ashawad romantic bhavna kii ack ullekhaniya abhivyakti haih sakriya, jeevan-dridh aur krantikari aakaankshaon seey bharaa huaa. "merani" naitik-daarshanik drishtikon seey aur kalaatmak-saundaryavaadi drishtikon seey georgia key romantikwad kaa ack pramukh kaary haye.
kavita.
tbilisi mein ack maarg, baratashvili pull kaa naam kavi key naam parr rakhaa gayaa haye, jiska smaarak georgia kii rajdhani key kendra jile mein sthit haye.
link.
nicolose baratashvili. venera urusaadaze dwara angreji mein anuvaadit chhah kavitaaen (audio) 

