
posthumanisation

uttar-manavikaran mein way prakriyaaen shamil hain jinake dwara ack samaaj mein 'praakritik' javic manushyon key alawa anya sadasya shamil hotey hain joe kissy naa kissy tarah seey samaaj kii sanrachanaon, gatishilata yaa arth mein yogdan karate hain."uttar-manavikaran una shaikshanik vishayon aur paddhatiyon dwara adhyayan kii jaane vaali pramukh ghatnaaon mein seey ack haye joe khud koo" uttar-manavtawadi "key roop mein pahachaante hain, jisamen aalochanatmak, saanskritik aur daarshanik uttar-manavtavad shamil hain. isaki prakriyaon koo "gair-takniki" aur "takniki" uttar-manavikaran key roopon mein vibhajit kiya jaa sakata haye.
prishthabhoomi.
gair-takniki uttar-manavikaran.
jabaki uttar-manavtavad kaa sambandh uttar-manavtavad kii vidvatapurna paddhatiyon seey haye, yeh ack alag ghatana haye. ack vidvatapurna drishtikon key roop mein spasht uttar-manavtavad kaa uday apekshaakrit haal hii mein huaa haye, joe 1970 key dashak key anta seey hoe rhaa haye; haalaanki, uttar-manavikaran kii kuchh prakriyaaen joe iska adhyayan karati hain, way pracheen hain. udaaharan key liye, "gair-takniki" uttar-manavikaran kii gatishilata aitihaasik roop seey una sabhi samajon mein maujood haye jinamen jaanvaron koo gharelu paltu jaanvaron key roop mein parivaaron mein shamil kiya gayaa thaa yaa jisamen bhoot, rakshas, swargadoot yaa ardh-jeevant nayakon koo duniya mein kuchh bhoomika nibhaane key liye maanaa jaataa thaa.
iss tarah key gair-takniki uttar-manavikaran naa kewal pauranik aur saahityik karyon mein prakat hue hain, balki mandiron, kabristanon, chidiyagharon yaa anya bhautik sanrachanaon key nirmaan mein bhee prakat hue hain, jinhen ardh-yaa ardh-maanav dwara basaa yaa upayog kiya jaataa thaa, joe praakritik, jeevit, javic manushya naheen they, lekin phir bhee jinhone ack diye gaye samaaj key bheetar kuchh bhoomika nibhai thee, iss hudd taka kii daarshanik franco ferrando key anusaarah "aadhyatmikta kii dhaarana naatakiya roop seey uttar-maanav kii hamari samajh koo vyaapak banaati haye, jisase humm naa kewal takniki praudyogikiyon (robotics, cybernetics, jaiv praudyogiki, naino praudyogiki, anya key beach) kii jaanch karane kii anumati dete hain, balki astitva kii praudyogikiyon kii bhee jaanch curr sakate hain."
takniki uttar-manavikaran.
takniki uttar-manavikaran key kuchh roopon mein aanuvanshik engineering yaa tantrika-shleshma samvardhan seey sambandhit praudyogikiyon key vikas aur anuprayog key madhyam seey maanav kii samajik, manovaigyaanik, yaa shaaririk sanrachanaon aur vyavhaaron koo seedhe badalane key prayaas shamil hain; manavikaran key baad key aise roopon kaa adhyayan kiya jaataa haye, jaise.jee., cyborg siddhant dwara. takniki uttar-manavikaran key anya roop apratyaksh roop seey samajik roboton kii tainaati yaa kritrim samanya buddhimatta, samvedansheel network, yaa anya sansthaon koo vikasit karane key prayason key madhyam seey maanav samaaj koo "uttar-maanav" karate hain joe maanav-pashchaat samaaj key sadasyon key roop mein manushyon key saath sahyog aur baatchit curr sakate hain.
takniki uttar-manavikaran kii gatishilata lambe samay seey vigyaan kathaa kaa ack mahatvapurna tatva rahee haye; cyberpunk jaisi shailiyaan unhein ack kendriya kendra key roop mein letee hain. haal key dashakon mein, takniki uttar-manavikaran bhee vidvaanon aur neeti nirmaataon dwara badhate dhyaan kaa vishay bunn gayaa haye. takniki uttar-manavikaran kii badhati aur tej karane vaali taakton ney vividh aur paraspar virodhi pratikriyaaen utpann kii hain, kuchh shodhkartaon ney uttar-manavikaran kii prakriyaon koo manavata key liye adhik saarthak aur unnat transhumanist bhavishya key dwaar kholane key roop mein dekhaa haye, jabaki anya jaiv-roodhivaadi alochakon ney chetavani dee haye kii aisee prakriyaon seey maanav samaaj kaa vikhandan hoe sakata haye, arth kaa nuksan hoe sakata haye, aur praudyogiki kii taakton koo vash mein kiya jaa sakata haye.
samanya visheshataaen.
takniki aur gair-takniki uttar-manavikaran kii prakriyaaen donon maanav samaaj key aanshik "maanav-virodhi" mein parinam detee hain, kyonki isaki sadasyata key dayare kaa vistaar anya prakaar kii sansthaon koo shamil karane key liye kiya jaataa haye aur manushyon kii sthiti sabhya hoti haye. uttar-manavtawadi adhyayan kaa ack samanya vishay vaha tarika haye jisamen uttar-manavikaran kii prakriyaaen chunauti yaa saral dwiaadhaari koo dhundhala curr detee hain, jaise kii "maanav banaam gair-maanav", "praakritik banaam kritrim", "jeevit banaam gair-jeevit", aur "javic banaam yaantrik".

