
mangmahu

mangamahu ack pahaadi-deshi kheti aur vaniki samudaay haye joe whangahu nadee ghaati key beach mein, whanganui jile aur manavatu-whanganui, newzealand key rangitikei jile mein haye. yeh mangamahu gaanv parr kendrit haye, joe nadee key samtal parr sthit haye jahan mangamahu dhaara vangahu nadee mein bahati haye. mangmahu mein ack praathamik vidyalaya (5-10 bachche) haye joe 1894 seey khula huaa haye aur 1952 mein ack yuddh smaarak holl banaaya gayaa thaa.
1970 key dashak kii shuruat mein sadakon mein sudhaar aur oona aur maans kii kimaton mein girawat key kaaran mangamahu mein hotal aur samanya dukaan bund hoe gaee. ghaati key nichale chhor parr garib pahaadi mitty parr krishi bhoomi ney phir pine baganon mein parivartan shuru kiya.
newzealand kaa sanskriti aur viraasat mantralaya "mangmahu" key liye "komal dhaara" kaa anuvaad detaa haye.
itihas.
poorv-europeeya itihas.
mangmahu nadee key samtal badey paimaane parr mitty kii slide yaa "lahar" (see. 1200 aur 1520 esvi) mount ruapehu kii crater jheel seey whangehu nadee seey neeche bahati haye.
jiss nadee key samtal parr mangmahu school sthit haye, vaha "kohanga" naamak ack puraane nagati upp maori shivir sthal kaa sthal haye."yeh garmiyon mein whangahehu seey aage neeche kii or pakshi-paalan aur eel-trapping samoohon dwara kabja curr liya gayaa thaa, aur joe whangahehu nadee aur mangamahu dhaara key beach kii katak taka yatra karate hain," "manumanu" "(mangavero nadee key muhaane key paas) seey kariyoi taka, aur phir rangipo registan aur jheel taupo key paar vacato aur rotorua taka ack maarg station key roop mein bhee upayog kiya jaataa haye.
1840 aur 1843 mein bandook yuddhon key dauran kohanga aur manumanu koo nasht curr diyaa gayaa thaa, aur oopari ghaati key adhikansh jeevit nivasi paschim mein whanganui nadee parr parikino chaley gaye they.
europeeya basti.
british upaniveshvadiyon ney 1870 key dashak mein bhoomi kharidana shuru kiya. james mcdonald pahale shwet nivasi they, jinhone 1872 mein 'glenaldale' mein jhaadi mein apani bhed koo saaf karane key liye bhed kaa parichay diyaa. unaki patni 1875 mein unake saath vahaan shamil hoe gaeen.
1880 key dashak key dauran mangamahu key madhyam seey purani maori pagadandi koo paik ghodon (hales track) key liye ack bench track key roop mein vikasit kiya gayaa thaa. yeh wangehu nadee key samtal key baad mangamahu dhaara taka gayaa, phir mangamahu dhaara kii uttari parvat rekha seey ganji pahaadi taka aur kariyoi taka gayaa. isane basane vaalon koo kshetra kii nikatvarti vann-aachchhaadit pahaadiyon (abb ruakivi, inziver, aranui aur aim. tii. vyu farm) taka pahunch pradaan kii aur guchhon koo nagmat aur veuru mein uchch back-country tasak bhoomi parr bhed charaane seey oona laane mein saksham banaaya. raah seey raah movahango aur phir napier taka chully gaee.
1879 mein arther ellis aur ellen robbinson ney vartamaan mangamahu gaanv key sthal parr 140 hectare jameen kharidi. kaee basane vaalon aur majdooron kii sahaayata key liye, unhone ack aapoorti store vikasit kiya, jisase 1889 mein ack dakghar judaa thaa. phir 1891 mein unhone ack awas ghar banaaya, aur 1894 taka yeh ack licenses praapt 12-bedroom vaalaa hotal thaa. ack lohar kii dukaan aur kaathi koo jodaa gayaa aur grahakon koo door taka taihpe aur retee taka seva dee gaee.
1891 mein, ack vaigan road, riz road mein hales track koo chauda karane kaa kaam shuru huaa. 1894 seey 1908 taka, mangamahu gaanv ack vyast jilaa aapoorti kendra thaa, jisamen vaiganon koo riz road seey laker kheton aur railway nirmaan sthalon taka leey jaaya jaataa thaa, joe kii madhya uchch desh mein nagmatapouri aur vamarino taka door they, aur dweep key paar jaane vaale yaatriyon key saath wanganui seey napier taka.
gaanv key peechhe kii pahaadiyon mein patariyon aur sadakon parr baatchit karna abhee bhee bahut mushkil thaa aur shaahi daak thekedaar annie shau (barb wire annie) 1904 seey 1910 taka sardiyon kii mitty mein pahaadiyon key paar daak pahunchaane mein apane paik-ghodon koo praapt karane mein apane dhairya key liye jaani jaati thee.
phir 1908 mein dweep key kendra key madhyam seey mukhya trunk railway line poori hoe gaee aur ack parivahan kendra key roop mein mangamahu kaa mahatva bahut cumm hoe gayaa. 1922 mein riz road koo bund curr diyaa gayaa thaa. ruakivi, inziver, aranui aur aim. tii. vyu farmon taka pahunch koo naee "nadee sadak" mein badal diyaa gayaa thaa jise nadee kaa anusaran karane key liye khadee papa bluffs seey kaat diyaa gayaa thaa. abb ise oopari whangahehu ghaati sadak key roop mein jaanaa jaataa haye. thhande havaaon vaale pahaadon parr baney farm house aur oona key ghaaton koo dhwast curr diyaa gayaa aur nadee dwara unakaa punarnirmaan kiya gayaa. puraane farm houses key aspas macrocarpa tree shelter belt abb mahatvapurna sthal hain.
20veen sadee.
merve edenbrook kaa janm 1901 mein mangamahu mein huaa thaa. unhone 1930 taka sthaaniya kheton mein ack bushman, talwarbaaz aur katarak key roop mein kaam kiya. merve kii 1991 kii aatmakatha "home from dha hill" (aine. jaid. saarvajanik pustakalayon mein aur online bhee) mein 1905 aur 1930 key beach mangamahu mein unake bachpan aur khet-kaary key dinon key baare mein vistrit kisse hain. 1930 mein merve ney shaadi kii aur putaruru mein ack dayeri farm mein chaley gaye. 1993 mein unaki mrityu hoe gaee.
1945 taka, mangamahu gaanv mein ack school (12 chhatron key saath), samanya dukaan/dakghar, ack hotal, ack buss aur taxi seva, ack samanya vaahak aur ack lakadi kii mill thee. aspas key jile mein kisan, charvaahe, talwarbaaz, sadak nirmaata, pull nirmaata, yatri katarak aur jhaadoo kaatane vaale they. 1940 key dashak mein, adhikansh scrub-cutter madhyam ayu varg key catholic purush they joe talaak naheen leey sakate they, aur joe drishti seey gayab honah chaahte they. lekin 1948 taka, pahale fiji key bhaaratiya jhaadoo kaatane vaale aaa chuke they.
wanganui key liye dhool bharee nalidar bajari kii sadak ack ghante kii yatra thee, jabaki nadee kii sadak, mangamahu seey mount vyu taka, sardiyon mein khadee bluffs aur kaee slip key saath sankeern aur ghumaavdaar thee. bahut seey logon key paas kaaren naheen theen, aur harr shaam 5 baje tommy thompson kii buss seey milane key liye mangamahu store mein ikattha honah ack mahatvapurna samajik sabhaa thee.
kaee khel gatividhiyaan theen, vishesh roop seey ragbi, golf aur ponny club, lekin tennis, cricket aur badminton bhee. 1920 aur 1930 key dashak mein panpa rifle shooting club samaapt hoe gayaa thaa, lekin suar kaa shikaar abhee bhee lokpriya thaa.
1953 key chrismus saptah key dauran tangiwai aapada ney mangamahu koo bahut prabhaavit kiya. aim. tii. ruapehu crater jheel seey whangahu nadee key neeche ack lahar chrismus kii subah 7 baje mangamahu pahunchi. ack yatri train kaa malba aur darjanon shav keechad key pravaah mein they. agale chaar hafton mein, sthaaniya basane vaalon ney mangamahu key paas nadee kii ghaatiyon seey lagbhag saath peediton key shav baramad kiye.
1951 mein pahale topdressing vimaan aae, joe bhed-kheton kii khadee pahaadiyon parr adhik ghaas ugaane key liye super-phosphat failaate they. pahale tou bahut adhik urvarak naheen thaa, lekin 1960 taka sthaaniya vaahak jile kii vibhinn havaai pattiyon parr 2000 tunn prati varsh leey jaa rhaa thaa. topdressing ney bahut adhik oona aur bhed key maans kaa utpaadan karane mein saksham banaaya, aur mangamahu bard johnn tirandaj apratyaashit samajik parinamon kaa varnan karate hain.
1973 mein tail kii keemat aasmaan chhoo gaee, aur isake baad ack sudhaar sarkaar ney krishi subsidy koo samaapt curr diyaa, jisane kisaanon koo bajar mein avashoshit honey seey adhik utpaadan karane key liye protsaahit kiya thaa. ghaati key beach mein adhik seemant vichhedit purchy-pravan pahaadiyon parr bhed kii kheti aarthik roop seey gair-aarthik hoe gaee, aur "raani sadak key kisan", uckland key niveshakon ney pine key bagan lagaane key liye hajaaron hectare kii khareed kii. devdaar key pedon ney mangamahu ghaatiyon mein khadee pahaadiyon koo banaane vaali naram mitty key kataav koo bahut cumm curr diyaa.
massie vishvavidyalaya key vyakhyata paul kaplan ney chhah shodhkartaon kii ack team kaa netritva kiya, jinhone mangamahu mein lagbhag harr vayask kaa sakshatkar liya kii samajik sthitiyon ney krishi utpaadan koo kaise prabhaavit kiya. unake dou nishkarshon ney rashtriya samachar banaa diyaa. unhone paaya kii jaba mangmahu key kisan apane shuruati pachas key dashak mein pahunche, tou kaee logon ney pahaadiyon parr jaane aur utpaadan badhaane key bajaay apane kheton key prabandhan mein sakriya bhagidari koo cumm karate hue apane farmhouse rasoigharon koo unnat karane jaisi cheejen keen.
isaliye utpaadaktaa banaae rakhane key liye, kisan key sabse badey bete, kaplan ney kahaa kii aadarsh roop seey 20 yaa 30 key dashak kii shuruat mein parivaar key khet kaa prabandhan sambhaalane kii aavashyakta thee (kaee yuva mahilaaon ney ghaati chhod dee thee aur aamtaur parr viraasat mein naheen aaee theen, yaa parivaar key khet key prabandhan mein shamil theen). kisan taba apane bete parr 'checkbook' key saath bharosa curr sakata thaa, aur urjaavaan yuvak sardiyon koo pahaadi kii chotiyon parr bitaata thaa jisase jameen mein sudhaar hotaa thaa.
1989 kii comedy "cumm aeye hott friede" mein dou 1949 key thagon ney mangamahu mein kuchh oonee aur nadee key drishya filmaae they. film key anta mein ack kaar durghatana key liye tokorangi farm mein whangahehu nadee parr vishesh roop seey ack nilamban pull banaaya gayaa thaa.
1991 mein murre george rabel ney "graameen seva buniyaadi dhaanche mein parivartan key kisaanon parr prabhaav" kaa ack aarthik adhyayan kiya.
21veen sadee.
1973 mein mandee key baad, poorv bhed key paddock koo pine mein lagaaya jaanaa shuru huaa, aur ghaati seey vasaa vaale bhed key bachche, geele, oona aur maveshiyon key utpaadan mein isi tarah kii girawat aaee. 1990 key dashak taka, badee sankhya mein devdaar key pedh lagaae gaye they. natijatan, ghaati kii sadakon parr bhaari truck aur trailer kii yatra cumm thee, aur sadak-rakharkhaav kii laagat cumm thee. lekin newzealand mein pinus radiata koo ack logg karane yogya aakar taka badhane mein kewal 25 saal lagate hain, aur 2009 taka ghaati kii ghatiya sadakon parr hajaaron tunn pine hataane kaa intezar kiya jaataa haye.
28 juuna 2013 koo, wanganui itihas ney bataaya kii vaile key pull, mangamahu taka mukhya pahunch, koo tatkaal marammat kii aavashyakta thee taaki truck ack nae pull key nirmaan taka iska upayog curr sakein. jaba 1957 mein lakadi aur taar-rope nilamban pull kaa nirmaan kiya gayaa thaa, taba nimnatar lakadi kaa upayog kiya gayaa thaa, aur pull key pargaman abb sarh rahey they.
mangamahu key ack pramukh kisan, andy collins ney kahaa kii ghaati mein harr saal 15 seey 20 million dollar key krishi utpaad kaa utpaadan kiya jaataa thaa. isamen lagbhag 5000 maveshi, 100,000 seey adhik bhed, 500 tunn oona, 600 tunn keevi phal, 1000 tunn makka aur ack chhoti sankhya mein hiran shamil they. pratyek varsh ausatan 2000 tunn urvarak ghaati mein leey jaaya jaataa thaa.
ack saptah baad pull kii marammat shuru kii gaee aur phir 2015 key madhya mein khole gaye ack nae 'coat-hanger' pull kaa nirmaan shuru kiya gayaa.
2016 mein lilburn key mangamahu key anubhavon ney unhein una logon key saamane aaney vaali chunautiyon aur sambhaavanaon kaa dastavejikaran karane key liye uksaayaa joe umr badhane key saath-saath apane sthaan parr baney rahey.
shiksha.
mangamahu praathamik vidyalaya varsh 1 seey 8 chhatron key liye ack saha-shaikshik raajya praathamik vidyalaya haye, jisamen kull sankhya 1 seey 8 taka haye.