linda maalnaati

linda maalnaati (1855-1921) ack prabhaavshaali italvi mahila adhikaar karyakarta, trade unionwadi, matadhikarvadi, shantivadi aur shikshak theen. unhein 1890 key dashak seey shikshakon kii kaam karane kii sthitiyon mein sudhaar key unake prayason key liye yaad kiya jaataa haye, kamkaji mahilaaon key liye behtar sthitiyon kaa ahwan karane vaali patrikaon mein unake yogdan key liye aur 1900 key dashak mein mahilaaon key liye vote key liye unake samarthan key liye. vaha vibhinn mahila sangathanon kii sakriya sadasya theen.
praarambhik jeevan aur shiksha.
19 agast 1855 koo milan mein janmi linda maalnaati giacomo aur carolina pedrioli kii betty theen. shahar key loktaantrik vatavaran mein shikshit, unhone samajik nyaay aur mahilaaon kii mukti mein ruchi hassil kii, joe naarivaadiyon laura solera mentegaza, alessandrina masini raviza aur enaa maria mozzoni seey dridhata seey prabhaavit thee.
peshevar jeevan.
unakaa pahala lekh, joe gantantra patrika "liberta ee associagion" mein prakaashit huaa thaa, "elle donne ee specialment elle donne italian" (mahilaaon key liye aur vishesh roop seey italvi mahilaaon key liye) thaa. 1875 mein, unhein milan kii nagarpalika dwara nimn grade key liye ack school shikshak key roop mein aur 1888 mein uchch grade key liye niyukt kiya gayaa thaa. vaha shikshan key liye samarpit theen, yeh maanate hue kii shiksha aur mukti samaaj key punarjanan key peechhe thee, jisase loktaantrik vikas huaa. vaha shikshakon key jeevan aur kaam karane kii sthitiyon mein sudhaar key liye bhee pratibaddh theen, jisamen purushon aur mahilaaon key liye samaan vetan bhee shamil thaa, ack vishay jisake baare mein unhone vibhinn patrikaon aur samachar patron mein likhaa thaa.
mahila shramikon koo enaa kulisiof aur carlotta claricy key saath milkar khud koo sangathit karane key liye protsaahit karane key liye, 1890 mein unhone milan key camera dell lavoro mein ack mahila khand kii sthaapana kii, jisase ack prakaar kaa trade union banaa. 1893 mein, unhone schooly shikshakon key liye ack khand kii sthaapana kii, jabaki "legaa parr laa tutela degli intercessi femiminily" (mahilaaon key hiton kii raksha key liye leag) koo punarjeevit aur adhyakshata kii, jise 1881 mein mozoni dwara banaaya gayaa thaa. 1890 key dashak key anta mein, unhone shramikon key pradarshanon mein bhaag liya, vishesh roop seey maee 1898 kii ghatnaaon mein.
veeta feminile" (mahila jeevan) mein likhate hue, unhone samaajvaad aur narivad key beach sambandhon parr tippani kii, mahilaaon seey langic sangharsh key saath varg sangharsh koo jodane kaa ahwan kiya. mahila sangathanon mein seey jisamen vaha sakriya theen, 1903 mein unhone milan key shikshak sangh key tahat ack "comitato parr rill resweglio dell 'attivit femminile" (mahilaaon kii gatividhi koo jaagrit karane key liye samiti) kii sthaapana kii. isake kaaran kaee purush shikshakon ney apana purush samaaj banaaya. unhone poorv-vidyalaya shiksha koo bhee badhaava diyaa aur sanchaalan samiti key sadasya key roop mein millen lokpriya vishvavidyalaya kaa samarthan kiya.
samajwadi party key siddhant key vipareet, maalnaati mahilaaon key matadhikar koo mahilaaon kii mukti aur vikas kii adharshila maanati thee. roberto mirabeli dwara 1904 mein sansadiya charchaon mein saarvbhaumik matadhikar kaa mamla uthaaye jaane key baad, mozoni key saath milkar unhone 1906 mein "comitato milani pro matadhikar" (milan matadhikar samiti) key saath-saath ack rashtriya samanvaya samiti kii sthaapana kii. aprail 1907 mein catholics dwara aayojit millen sammelan mein, unhone mahilaaon key liye maton key mahatva parr jore diyaa. agale varsh, italvi mahilaaon kii rashtriya congress mein, unhone praathamik vidyaalayon mein dhaarmik shiksha parr pratibandh lagaane key liye ack prastaav pesh kiya, jise tulanaatmak dharm kakshaon key saath pratisthaapit kiya gayaa. prastaav koo sweekaar kiye jaane key baad, catholics ney dharmnirpeksh mahila sanghon key saath apana sahyog toda diyaa, aur apana mahila sangathan banaaya.
1914 mein, claracy key saath milkar unhone tatasthata key liye ack leag sthaapit karane kaa prastaav rakhaa. pratham vishva yuddh key dauran, unhone nagrik sahaayata kaary mein madad kii aur sharanarthiyon kii dekhbhal kii. 1914 seey 1920 taka, unhone leey stellin anathalaya chalaaya, jisake saath way lambe samay seey judee hui theen. 1917 mein, unhone ack baar phir shaanti key liye antarrashtriya bhagidari koo badhaava diyaa.
ack gambhir bimari seey peedit, linda malnati jheel como key purvi tata parr blivio mein sevaanivritt huin, jahan 22 octuber 1921 koo unaki mrityu hoe gaee.

