texas algaav andolan

texas algaav andolan, jise texas swatantrata andolan yaa texit key roop mein bhee jaanaa jaataa haye, americi grihyuddh key dauran texas key algaav key saath-saath sanyukt raajya seey alag honey aur ack swatantra samprabhu raajya banane key prayason kaa samarthan karane vaale aadhunik sangathanon kii gatividhiyon koo sandarbhit kartaa haye. 
yuu.aiss. samvidhaan vishesh roop seey raajyon key algaav koo sambodhit naheen kartaa haye, aur yeh mudda americi krantikari yuddh key baad grih yuddh taka bahas kaa vishay thaa, jaba sarvocch nyayalaya ney texas banaam mein faisala sunaaya. shwet "joe raajya kranti yaa anya raajyon kii vyakt sahamati key alawa sakhti seey ektarafa roop seey alag naheen hoe sakate hain. 
texas koo pahale texas ganarajya kahaa jaataa thaa, joe sanyukt raajya key saath texas key vilay seey pahale nau saal taka ack samprabhu raajya thaa. tadnusar, isaki samprabhuta koo mexico dwara maanyata naheen dee gaee thee, halanki texas ney texas kranti mein maxican balon koo haraaya thaa, aur texas mein adhikaariyon ney vaastav mein apane sabhi daave vaale kshetra koo niyantrit naheen kiya thaa.
raajya mein algaav key aadhunik prayaas cumm seey cumm 1990 key dashak seey maujood hain aur pahale texas ganarajya sangathan key saath-saath texas rashtravadi andolan parr dhyaan kendrit kiya gayaa haye. texas ganarajya party key pratinidhiyon key beach haal kii charchaon ney "texas banaam texas" mein sarvocch nyayalaya key faisale key baad algaav kii baatchit koo phir seey shuru kiya. pensylvania, "jisane sthiti kii kamee key kaaran 2020 key rashtrapati chunaav koo palatane key prayason key sambandh mein mamle kii sunavaai karane seey incar curr diyaa.
sanyukt raajya america mein algaav.
yuu key adhikaar key baare mein charcha.aiss. americi krantikari yuddh key turant baad sangh seey alag honey key liye raajya shuru hue. sanyukt raajya kaa samvidhaan algaav koo sambodhit naheen kartaa haye. pratyek upanivesh british taaj seey alag-alag anudan seey utpann huaa thaa aur rashtriya swatantrata seey pahale apekshaakrit alag raajneetik aur saanskritik sansthanon kaa vikas huaa thaa. kregg aiss. learner ney likhaa haye kii samvidhaan kaa sarvochata khand algaav key adhikaar key khilaf haye, lekin gantantra guaranti khand kii vyakhya yeh ingit karane key liye kii jaa sakati haye kii sanghiya sarkaar koo raajya koo chhodane seey rokane kaa koee adhikaar naheen haye jaba taka kii vaha sarkaar key ack ganarajya roop koo banaae rakhti haye.
grihyuddh seey pahale key dashakon mein yeh sawal khula rhaa. 1825 mein, alexes dee tokville ney kahaa, "aggar aaj inmein seey ack raajya anubandh seey apana naam vaapas lena chaahata haye, tou yeh saabit karna kaafee mushkil hoga kii vaha aisaa naheen curr sakata thaa. iska mukabala karane key liye, sanghiya sarkaar koo bull yaa adhikaar mein koee spasht samarthan naheen hoga."haalaanki, joseph kii kahani ney 1830 mein samvidhaan parr tippaniyon mein likhaa kii dastaavez ney algaav key adhikaar koo poorvavat curr diyaa. grihyuddh kii poorv sandhya parr, rashtrapati abraham linken ney tark diyaa kii samvidhaan key pahale raajya samprabhu naheen they, balki isake bajaay way isake dwara banaae gaye they.
vartamaan sarvocch nyayalaya kii misal, texas banaam. shwet", kaa maanana haye kii raajya raajya key ack adhiniyam dwara sangh seey alag naheen hoe sakate hain. haal hii mein, 2006 mein, sarvocch nyayalaya key nyayadhish antonin scalia ney kahaa, "yadi koee samvaidhaanik mudda grihyuddh dwara hull kiya gayaa thaa, tou yeh haye kii alag honey kaa koee adhikaar naheen haye."
texas ganarajya (19veen shatabdi).
texas 1836 mein mexico seey alag hoe gayaa, joe mukhya roop seey poorv maxican kshetra mein americi basane vaalon dwara saanta annaa kii sarkaar key khilaf prerit kiya gayaa.
1836 mein saine jacinto mein antim sagaai key baad, texas key bhavishya key dou alag-alag drishtikon theh ack sanyukt raajya key raajya key roop mein aur doosara ack swatantra ganarajya key roop mein. saim huston ney pahale koo badhaava diyaa, kyonki unhone mahsoos kiya kii nayaa swatantra desh, jisamen kathor mudra kii kamee haye aur abhee bhee mexico seey khatron kaa saamana curr rhaa haye, apane dumm parr jeevit naheen reh sakata haye. dusare koo dusare texas rashtrapati mirabeu bee dwara padonnat kiya gayaa thaa. lamar, jinhone mahsoos kiya kii yeh texas kaa bhaagya thaa kii vaha ack aisaa rashtra bunn jaae joe louisiana seema seey prashant mahasagar taka faila huaa haye. iss kaaran seey, lamar koo texas raashtravaad kaa janak maanaa jaataa haye.
lamar key adheen ganarajya ney badey paimaane parr rinn liya, aur ack kharaab arthavyavastha aur aparyaapt raksha seey peedit thaa, jisake kaaran 1845 mein sanyukt raajya mein texas kaa vilay huaa. taba seey, ack swatantra rashtra key roop mein raajya kaa samay rashtriya pehchaan kii sthaayi bhavna kaa aadhar rhaa haye.
yuu seey algaav.aiss.1861 mein.
grihyuddh mein texas key itihas mein dakshin key baaki hisson seey antar haye, kyonki isake pahale swatantra honey kaa itihas thaa. texas kaa adhikansh asantosh naa kewal linken key virodh aur raajyon key adhikaaron key baare mein unake drishtikon (jise way vilay samjhaute key ullanghan key roop mein bhee dekhate they) seey judaa huaa thaa, balki isaliye bhee kii unhein yeh mahsoos naheen huaa kii washington ney desh mein vilay key vaade koo puuraa kiya thaa. 1861 mein, saim huston ney abhee bhee mukhya roop seey aarthik aur sainya karanon seey sanyukt raajya mein baney rahane kaa dridhata seey samarthan kiya. haalaanki, algaav koo badhaava dene vaalon ney kewal yuu key tatvon kaa upayog naheen kiya.aiss. americi kranti aur samvidhaan jaise itihas, lekin texas kranti aur texas ganarajya key itihas key tatva bhee.
1 farwari, 1861 koo, algaav parr vichaar karane key liye ack vishesh sammelan mein pratinidhiyon ney algaav key adhyadesh koo apanaane key liye 166 key khilaf 8 vote diye, jisamen gulami kii sanstha koo algaav key praathamik kaaran key roop mein uddhrit kiya gayaa thaa. 23 farwari koo ack lokpriya janmat sangrah dwara adhyadesh kii pushti kii gaee, jisase texas aisaa karane vaalaa nichale dakshin kaa satwan aur antim raajya bunn gayaa. 
kuchh loga texas ganarajya koo bahaal karna chaahte they, lekin sangh key saath ack pehchaan koo apanaaya gayaa. isake kaaran adhikansh bhaag key liye texas vishayon koo sangh key vishayon key saath pratisthaapit kiya gayaa, jisamen updeshon mein diye gaye dhaarmik auchitya bhee shamil they, jinaki aksar yachikakartaon dwara maang kii jaati thee. sitaaron aur salakhon mein sthanantaran kuchh logon dwara maanaa jaane vaalaa samavesh praapt karane kii ummeed mein thaa jise washington dwara aswikar curr diyaa gayaa thaa. lekin vaha badalaav kabhi puuraa naheen huaa. clayton ee. jevet ney "texas inn dha confederacyh aine experiment inn nation building" mein likhaa kii isaki pehchaan baaki sangh seey kuchh alag rahee. james martin ney "texas vibhaajitah ekal starr raajya mein wafadari aur asahamati, 1856-1874" mein likhaa kii yeh sangh aur asahamati key prati wafadari key beach ladaai ladee aur isaki dwidhashakti dakshini haar koo sunishchit karane key liye paryaapt hoe sakati haye.
yuddh key dauran, texas koo adhikansh vaastavik ladaai seey bakhsha gayaa thaa, kewal galveston ney sangh balon key saath kissy bhee sainya judaav koo dekhaa thaa. haalaanki, yuddh ney purani kamee, arthavyavastha koo chalaane key liye ghar parr purushon kii anupasthiti, sainya asafalataon aur aakraman key darr key raaste mein gambhir nuksan uthaaya. halanki linken ney texas key itihas koo ack swatantra rashtra key roop mein maanyata dee, sangh kii unaki paribhasha kaa matlab thaa kii texas ney ise hamesha samvidhaan key adheen curr diyaa.
grihyuddh seey laker 1990 key dashak taka.
grihyuddh kii samaapti key baad, taxus ney sanyukt raajya koo abhee bhee avahelana karane key tareeke key roop mein poori tarah seey taxus key bajaay ack "vidrohi" yaa sangh kii pehchaan banaae rakhee. grihyuddh key baad, isane sangh mein dusaron key liye ack aashray pradaan kiya, jisase tabahi kaa daavaa kiya gayaa. usa samay seey laker vartamaan taka, texas aur dakshin key anya kshetron mein ack "khoya huaa kaaran" pauranik kathaa jaari haye. haalaanki, adhikansh bhaag key liye, raajyon key alag honey key adhikaar kii spasht charcha samaapt hoe gaee, jisake sthaan parr kshetra kii avibhajyata parr adharit ack anya pauranik kathaaen theen.
isase texas kii pehchaan shesh sanyukt raajyon seey cumm seey cumm kuchh alag naheen hui. dakshini raajyon key vipareet, texas ney apani couboy viraasat aur yuu key saath sambandh parr jore denaa shuru curr diyaa.aiss. dakshin-paschim, yahaan taka kii yuu key baaki hisson koo bhee prabhaavit kartaa haye.aiss. 20veen shatabdi mein pehchaan. kaee taxus key liye, texas ganarajya key itihas koo aksar washington mein sanghiya sarkaar key hastakshep key vipareet swatantrata aur atmanirnaya kaa samay maanaa jaataa haye. texas koo saatvin kaksha mein raajya key itihas mein ack pathyakram kii aavashyakta hoti haye jahan yeye vichaar bhee paae jaa sakate hain.
1990 key dashak mein, texas ney "texas" key naare kaa upayog karna shuru kiya. yeh ack poore dusare desh kii tarah haye "vishesh roop seey paryatan key liye gharelu vigyapanon mein, aur aaj bhee dekhaa jaa sakata haye. haalaanki, 19veen shatabdi mein huston aur lamar key raajya aur rashtra key roop mein texas key darshan parr saarvajanik kalpana vibhajit haye. donon graameen aur shahari taxus key beach ack sangharsh key roop mein dikhaai dey sakate hain lekin lamar drishti shaharon mein bhee paaee jaa sakati haye. texas grihyuddh kii 150veen varshgaanth key utsav mein shamil naheen huaa kyonki yeh socha gayaa thaa kii smaarak puraane binaa thheek hue ghaavon koo phir seey khol dega.
1990 seey vartamaan taka.
texas ganarajya sangathan.
cumm seey cumm 1990 key dashak seey raajya mein texas algaav koo badhaava dene key prayaas kiye jaa rahey hain. iss samay, richard lens mcclaren ney jeff davis county mein davis parvat resort key bheetar apani sampatti key aadhar parr texas ganarajya sangathan kii sthaapana kii, joe usa samay kaa sabse sakriya aur prabhaavshaali algaav samooh bunn gayaa. anivarya roop seey sangathan ney daavaa kiya kii sanyukt raajya america ney texas koo avaidh roop seey apane kabje mein leey liya aur ise bandee maanaa. sangathan ney khud koo ack vaikalpik sarkaar key roop mein rakhaa, joe bahut seemit shaktiyon key siddhant parr adharit thaa.
mclaren key samarthak aur dushman donon they. unake samarthakon kaa aam taur parr maanana thaa kii vaishvikaran samvaidhaanik adhikaaron aur isai siddhanton key khilaf ack khatra thaa. samooh kii ranneeti mein sampattiyon key khilaf purvadhikar daayar karna, raajya aur sanghiya adhikaariyon koo aswikar karna aur ack "dutawas" kholna shamil thaa. mclaren kii kanuni filing itani adhik thee kii county clerk ney unhein ack alag cabinet diyaa. texas ganarajya samooh key sadasyon ney yuu key saath shikayaton koo soochibaddh kiya.aiss. sarkaar, jaise kii sarkaar parr bhrasht nyaayik pranali, murtipuja aur avaidh sandhiyon aur avaidh agencies key nirmaan kaa aarop lagaana. samooh key sadasyon ney yeh bhee kahaa kii yuu.aiss. sarkaar ney khud koo logon seey oopar rakhaa thaa aur samvidhaan key khilaf apane vaishvik prabhaavon kaa gairkaanooni roop seey prayog kiya thaa. texas ganarajya key sadasyon ney vaco key paas shakha davidian ghatana parr jore diyaa joe yuu key saath galat thaa.aiss. sarkaar.
1996 kii garmiyon mein, mclaren key khilaf nishedhagya aur anya adalati kaaryavaahi achchi tarah seey chala rahee thee. usa varsh julaai mein, mclaren ney austin mein raajya adalat seey ack block door ack press conference aayojit kii, jisamen kahaa gayaa kii unhone adalat kii vaidhata koo maanyata naheen dene key kaaran pesh honey seey incar curr diyaa. adalat mein pradarshan karane mein whiffle rahane key liye ack sanghiya nyayadhish dwara mclaren koo ack maheene key liye jail bhej diyaa gayaa thaa. unaki rihaai key baad, mclaren kii bayanbaji majboot hui. 
davis pahaadon kaa gatirodh.
march 1997 mein, mclaren ney sanghiya sarkaar koo grih yuddh key liye texas koo 93 trillion dollar key muaavaje kaa daavaa karane key liye likhaa. iss samay taka, texas ganarajya sangathan teen guton mein vibhajit hoe gayaa thaa. jaba mclaren key dou samoohon koo giraftar kiya gayaa, tou mclaren ney dou bandhakon koo leey liya aur apani sampatti parr sashastr samarthakon key saath chhip gayaa, jisase texas key saarvajanik suraksha vibhaag key saath gatirodh paida hoe gayaa. gherabandi 4 maee, 1997 koo samaapt hui, jisamen mclaren aur chaar anya logon ney binaa hinsa key haar maan lii, jabaki samooh key dou anya, mike matson aur richard keys, hathgole aur hiran shikaar raifalon key saath hathiyarband chhipane seey bhaag gaye. agale dinn, bhagodon ney, sainikon key saath, ack kaale baaz helicopter parr golibari kii aur davis pahaadon mein kutton kii khoj kii; matson koo vaapas aag seey maar diyaa gayaa, jabaki keys fisalane mein kamyab rahey. antatah sitambar mein huston key uttar mein nyu waverley mein unhein pakada gayaa. usa varsh navambar mein, mclaren koo apaharan kaa doshi thaharaaya gayaa aur usey 99 saal kii jail kii sajaa sunai gaee. mclaren koo yuu. aiss. mein sanghiya daak dhokhadhadi aur baink dhokhadhadi kaa bhee doshi thaharaaya gayaa thaa.aiss. texas key uttari jile key liye jilaa adalat. vaha villium pee mein kaid haye. texas key amarillo, texas key paas aaparaadhik nyaay vibhaag kii clements ikai 15 juuna, 2041 koo release honey vaali haye.
2003 taka, teen samooh they jinhone vibhinn web saiton key saath texas ganarajya honey kaa daavaa kiya, lekin binaa ack netaa key roop mein naamit kiye gaye.
texas rashtravadi andolan.
daniel miller key netritva mein texas rashtravadi andolan (tnm) 2005 mein texas key puraane ganarajya key guton mein seey ack seey vikasit huaa. haalaanki, sangathan ney khud koo texas ganarajya aur amclaren kii ranneeti seey alag curr liya haye, isake bajaay takraav yaa hinsak samadhan key bajaay adhik raajneetik vikalp chunaa haye. raajya key adhikansh hisson mein iss samooh key county-stariya samooh hain.
isaki website key anusaar, texas rashtravadi andolan kaa uddeshya "texas kii poorna, poorna aur binaa kissy bojh key raajneetik, saanskritik aur aarthik swatantrata" haye. apane poorvavarti key vipareet, tii. aine. aim. vartamaan raajneetik pranali key saath shantipurna tareeke seey kaam karane aur apane lakshyon koo praapt karane key liye bull key upayog koo aswikar karane kaa daavaa kartaa haye. tnm texas raajya key kaanoonon key tahat ack anigamit sangh haye. sangathan raajneetik samarthan aur vakaalat parr dhyaan kendrit kartaa haye, aur algaav key mudde key aspas kii shiksha parr dhyaan kendrit kartaa haye. yeh 2014 key scotish swatantrata mutt key samaan iss mudde parr rajyavyapi janmat sangrah key liye texas vidhaayika kaa ahwan karna chaahata haye.
janwari 2013 mein, tii. aine. aim. key sadasyon ney prastaav koo badhaava dene key liye austin mein raajya kii rajdhani mein raili kii, jisake parinamswarup vidhaan satra key pahale dinn ack vidhaayak dwara algaav kaa ullekh kiya gayaa. maee 2016 mein, texas ganarajya ney 2016 texas ganarajya sammelan mein algaav key liye ack prastaav koo sadan mein laane key liye sankeern roop seey khariz curr diyaa. haalaanki, 2020 mein, texas kii republican party ney apane party munch mein ack plank (93 pratishat anumodan key saath) shamil kiya jisamen kahaa gayaa kii sanghiya sarkaar ney texas key swa-shasson key adhikaar koo baadhit kiya haye, kii sanyukt raajya key samvidhaan mein dasaven sanshodhan kaa ullanghan karane vaale kissy bhee kaanoon koo "nazarandaj kiya jaanaa chaahiye, virodh kiya jaanaa chaahiye, aswikar kiya jaanaa chaahiye aur radd curr diyaa jaanaa chaahiye", aur yeh kii texas koo alag honey kaa adhikaar barkarar haye yadi koee bhavishya kii congress yaa rashtrapati vartamaan raajneetik pranali koo samvaidhaanik ganarajya seey kuchh aur mein badal detaa haye. juuna 2022 mein, isane apane party munch mein ack aur algavvadi plank koo shamil karane key liye matdan kiya, jisamen texas vidhaayika seey iss baat parr janmat sangrah koo manjuri dene kaa ahwan kiya gayaa kii kyaa texas koo 2023 key rajyavyapi matpatra parr sangh seey alag honah chaahiye.
texas rashtravadi andolan key pratinidhiyon ney 2010 key dashak key madhya mein roose kii kaee yaatraaen keen, aur russie sarkaar (ack gair-laabhkaari key madhyam seey) seey roose mein ack sammelan mein bhaag lene key liye dhana praapt kiya. miller ney dhana kii seema kaa khulasa karane seey incar curr diyaa haye. roose key 2016 key hastakshep sanchaalan key dauran yuu.aiss.ack nakali russie facebook pays, jise "texas kaa dill" kahaa jaataa haye, ney daavaa kiya kii yeh texas rashtravadi andolan key saath samarthakon key baare mein jaankaari dey rhaa thaa. 
2012 mein shuru honey vaali algaav kii anya charchaaen.
texas rashtravadi andolan mein sadasyata kaa uday algaav seey sambandhit anya samachar ghatnaaon key saath huaa joe usa sangathan kaa hissa naheen they. governor rick perry ney 2009 mein ack raajneetik raili mein algaav kii sambhavana koo sambodhit kiya. raili key dauran, bheed mein kaee logon ney "sesiday, sesiday" kaa jaap karna shuru curr diyaa, jiss parr perry ney tippani kii, "aggar washington americi logon parr apani naak kaa angootha lagaana jaari rakhta haye, tou aap jaanate hain, kaun jaanata haye kii isase kyaa nickle sakata haye?"perry ney baad mein spasht kiya kii tippani gaal mein jeebh thee aur vaha algaav kaa samarthan naheen kartaa haye. unaki tippani ney jeff mack aur joe vegental jaise sarkari adhikaariyon aur panditon seey vivaad aur kathor aalochana koo janm diyaa.
perry kii tippaniyon koo samachar coverage praapt honey key baad, rasmussen kii reports mein paaya gayaa kii sarvekshan mein shamil logon mein seey lagbhag 3 mein seey 1 kaa maanana thaa kii texas koo sanyukt raajya seey alag honey kaa adhikaar haye, halanki kewal 18 pratishat algaav kaa samarthan karenge aur 75 pratishat algaav kaa virodh karenge. ack anya sarvekshan mein, sarvekshan kiye gaye texas key 60 pratishat logon ney ack swatantra rashtra banane kaa virodh kiya. haalaanki, sarvekshan mein shamil texas ganarajya key 48 pratishat logon ney iska samarthan kiya. raajya key baahar seey bhee pratikriya dridhata seey vibhajit thee, jisamen way loga bhee shamil they joe texas seey chhutkara paanaa chaahte they.
2012 kaa americi rashtrapati chunaav jeetane key baad, texas mein rashtrapati baraak obama key bumper sticker aur "sesiday" kahane vaale sanket dikhaai dene lagey. chunaav ney white house "vee dha peepal" website parr yachikaon kii ack lahar bhee shuru curr dee. jabaki texas yachika pahale dikhaai naheen dee, yeh 125,000 seey adhik hastaksharon key saath anya raajyon key hastaksharon koo peechhe chhod diyaa, joe pratikriya koo trigger karane key liye aavashyak 25,000 seey adhik thaa. yachika mein kahaa gayaa haye kii algaav "hamaare sansthaapak pitaa key mool vichaaron aur maanyataon kii raksha karega joe abb sanghiya sarkaar dwara pratibimbit naheen kiye jaa rahey hain" aur texas key logon koo "unake adhikaaron key ghor durupyog" seey bachaata haye, jisake baad texas algaav yachika key baad austin koo texas seey alag honey aur sangh kaa hissa rahane kii anumati dee gaee thee. white house ney iss vichaar koo aswikar karate hue 476 shabdon kii pratikriya jaari kii.
juuna 2016 mein, jaba yuu mein 52-48 bahumat thaa.key. soshal media parr hashtag #brexit kaa upayog karke europeeya sangh (eu) koo chhodane key liye matdan kiya gayaa, vahaan nae sire seey ruchi thee kii texas yuu seey alag honey key prayason koo aupchaarik roop detaa haye.aiss.hashtag #texit kaa upayog karate hue.
texas republican party munch aur 2020 key janmat sangrah prastaav.
disambar 2020 mein, jaba sarvocch nyayalaya ney texas banaam texas mein texas key mukadame koo sunane seey incar curr diyaa. texas gopp key adhyaksh, pensylvania, elen west ney sujhaav diyaa kii texas aur anya samaan vichardhara vaale raajya sangh koo chhod sakate hain. 26 janwari, 2021 koo, texas swatantrata janmat sangrah adhiniyam (aich. bee. 1359), algaav parr ack gair-badhyakari rajyavyapi janmat sangrah key liye ack vidheyak, texas house key sadasya kayal beaderman dwara daayar kiya gayaa thaa. vidheyak koo raajya mamalon kii samiti koo bheja gayaa thaa, lekin satra key anta seey pahale samiti dwara kabhi sunavaai yaa matdan naheen kiya gayaa thaa.
juuna 2022 mein, texas kii republican party ney sthaayi 2022 munch aur prastaav samiti kii apani report jaari kii, joe vidhaayika seey sanyukt raajya seey alag honey key liye 2023 mein ack janmat sangrah shuru karane kaa aagrah karati haye. march 2023 mein, raajya key pratinidhi bryan slatton ney ack vidheyak pesh kiya joe 2024 key chunaav matpatra mein swatantrata parr ack janmat sangrah jodega. anya raajyon mein, vishesh roop seey dakshini raajyon mein isi tarah kaa algavvad, aamtaur parr 2022 key sanyukt raajya america key chunaavon seey pahale door-daraaz ugravaad seey judaa huaa haye.
kalpana mein.
sanyukt raajya america seey texas kaa algaav yaa texas ganarajya kaa nirantar astitva kuchh kaalpanik karyon mein dikhaai diyaa haye, joe aksar doosari americi kranti yaa dusare americi grihyuddh key dauran sthaapit kiya gayaa haye aur kabhi-kabhi, americi grihyuddh key vaikalpik itihas key saath milkar.

