
antarrashtriya samajwadi congress, stuttgart 1907

antarrashtriya samajwadi congress, stuttgart 1907, dusare antarrashtriya kii saatvin congress thee. yeh sabhaa 18 seey 24 agast 1907 taka germany key stuttgart mein aayojit kii gaee thee aur isamen duniya bhar key lagbhag 900 pratinidhiyon ney bhaag liya thaa. congress kaa kaam kaafee hudd taka sainyavaad, upaniveshvaad aur mahilaaon key matadhikar key mamalon seey sambandhit thaa aur inn muddon parr duniya key vibhinn samajwadi dalon kii neetiyon koo kendriya roop seey samanvit karane key prayaas koo chihnit kartaa thaa.
itihas.
deekshant samaroh.
1907 mein dusare antarrashtriya sammelan kaa ayojan ravivaar, 18 agast 1907 koo germany key stuttgart key liderhale mein kiya gayaa thaa. 25 seey adhik deshon key samajwadi dalon kaa pratinidhitva karane vaale kull 886 pratinidhi upasthit they, jisase yeh antarrashtriya samajwadi andolan key itihas mein iss tarah kii sabse badee sabhaa bunn gaee. congress dusare antarrashtriya dwara aayojit saatvin antarrashtriya sammelan thee aur teen saal pahale hui amsterdam congress key baad pahali thee.
congress key asthaayi adhyaksh paul gaayak they, jinhone pratinidhiyon kaa swaagat karane key baad ack mukhya bhaashan key liye antarrashtriya samajwadi beuro key emil wenderwelde koo sadan mein pesh kiya, joe sabhaa key aupchaarik udghaatan key roop mein kaary kartaa thaa.
ravivaar kii raat mein ack zana prachaar baithak hui, joe stuttgart "wolkfestplatz" mein aayojit kii gaee, joe shahar key kendra seey lagbhag ack meal door necker nadee key tata parr sthit ack badaa khula kshetra thaa. baithak shuru honey seey dou ghante pahale iss sainya abhyaas key maidan mein manavata kaa ack samooh aaya, jisamen kull bheed 50,000 seey 100,000 logon taka pahunch gaee. iss sabhaa koo antarrashtriya samajwadi andolan key pramukh vaktaaon kii ack shrinkhala dwara sambodhit kiya gayaa thaa aur binaa kissy ghatana key aayojit kiya gayaa thaa.
congress kaa aupchaarik kaary 19 agast kii subah ack aur mahatvapurna sambodhan key baad shuru huaa, joe anubhavi german samajwadi agast bell dwara diyaa gayaa thaa. bebel key mukhya bhaashan mein antarrashtriya samajwadi andolan kii pragati parr desh-darr-desh report kaa ullekh kiya gayaa. bell key bhaashan key baad, antarrashtriya samajwadi beuro key kaam parr ack report-dusare antarrashtriya kii sthaayi karyakari sanrachana-antarrashtriya sachiv, belgium key camill huseman dwara dee gaee thee.
congress kaa vaastavik kaary paanch chayan samitiyon mein aayojit kiya gayaa thaah sainyavaad, upaniveshvaad, mahila matadhikar, aapravaasan aur trade yuniyanon aur raajneetik dalon key sambandh. pratyek desh koo pratyek samiti mein apane chaar sadasyon koo baithane kaa adhikaar thaa. isake parinamswarup badey samoohon kaa ack samooh banaa, jisaki tulanaa americi pratinidhi ney kii.aim. saiman seey "laghu congress", aur kaam kii dheemi aur vyavasthit gati key liye banaaya gayaa. pratyek bhaashan teen bhaashaon, german, french aur angreji mein diyaa gayaa thaa-mool aur dou anuvaad.
sainyavaad parr sankalp.
1907 kii congress kaa mukhya agenda "sainyavaad aur antarrashtriya sanghrshon" key badhate khatare seey nipatane key liye ack ekikrit neeti kaa nirmaan thaa. prashn kaa nirnay karane key liye naamit aayog mein lagaatar paanch dinon taka iss mamle parr bahas hui, jisamen chhathe dinn bahas congress key puttle parr hui. yeh charcha kaa sabse garmagarm vivaadit vishay thaa, jise ack paryavekshak dwara "ack shaahi yuddh" kahaa gayaa thaa, jisamen europeeya deshon ney apane sarvshreshth pratinidhiyon koo bheja thaa.
sainya aayog mein teen pratispardhi prastaav prastut kiye gaye they, jinamen seey dou francisi pratinidhimandal dwara aur ack german dwara prastut kiye gaye they. adhikansh francisi masaude mein aakraman kii sthiti mein apani rashtriya samprabhuta kii raksha karane key liye shramik varg key adhikaar kaa ullekh kiya gayaa aur ghoshana kii gaee kii yuddh kewal poonjeevaad key unmoolan aur baajaron key vistaar aur sainya machine key nirmaan key liye isaki antarnihit aavashyakta key saath samaapt hoe jaayega.
isake vipareet, bahusankhyak francisi aur german masauda prastaav jeane jaures aur edord valent dwara aayojit ack teesare drishtikon parr khade they, jisamen shramik varg koo "sansadiya hastakshep aur saarvajanik andolan seey laker samanya hadtaal aur sashastr vidroh taka"-haal hii mein vaidh german samajik-loktaantrik party (spd) key pratinidhiyon dwara german sthitiyon mein "asambhav aur avivaadya" maani jaane vaali nirlajj bhasha key madhyam seey yuddh ladane kaa ahwan kiya gayaa thaa.
aiss. pee. dee. dwara saamana kii jaane vaali iss tanaavpurna gharelu sthiti koo congress key dauran german adhikaariyon dwara british pratinidhi hairi quelch key nishkasana dwara spasht kiya gayaa thaa. landan key samajwadi samachar patra "justice" key sampaadak quelch ney 1907 key aspasht shaanti sammelan koo stuttgart mein bahas key dauran "chor ratribhoj" key roop mein sandarbhit kiya thaa. sarkaar ney apmaanjanak sandarbh koo apamaanit kiya thaa aur quelch koo 8 ghante key bheetar apana bayaan vaapas lene yaa germany seey baahar nikalane kaa nirdesh diyaa thaa. iss vikalp kaa saamana karate hue, quelch ney sarkari dabaav koo sweekaar karane seey incar curr diyaa aur vaha landan laut aae, jahan unhein train station parr haar maanane seey incar karane key liye abhivaadan key saath dekhaa gayaa.
lambi bahas key baad congress dwara ack prastaav paarit karane key liye upayukt bhasha parr sahamati bunny. yuddh koo vishva bajar mein poonjiwadi deshon kii pratispardha kaa antim utpaad ghoshit kiya gayaa thaa, jise "sattaaroodh vargon key hiton mein vyavasthit roop seey vikasit rashtriya purvagrahon" dwara badhaava diyaa gayaa thaa. prastaav mein "sashastr logon" key loktaantrik sangathan dwara sthaayi senaaon key pratisthaapan kaa ahwan kiya gayaa thaa-joe, yeh daavaa kiya gayaa thaa, "aakramak yuddhon koo asambhav banaane key liye ack prabhaavi saadhan saabit hoga. aasann yuddh kii sthiti mein, mazdoor varg seey "iss yuddh koo rokane key liye way sub kuchh karane key liye kahaa gayaa thaa, joe unhein sabse adhik prabhaavi prateet honey vaale sadhanon kaa upayog karate hue. yadi yuddh kaa anusaran kiya jaataa haye, tou samajwadi "isake twarit anta key liye hastakshep karane key liye baadhya they" aur yuddh dwara utpann aarthik aur raajneetik sankaton kaa upayog "poonjiwadi varg kii pradhaantaa key tootane koo tej karane key liye" karane key liye baadhya they.
upaniveshvaad parr sankalp.
1904 kii amsterdam congress ney vibhinn rashtriya samajwadi dalon koo nirdesh diyaa kii way duniya bhar mein aupaniveshik sampatti key niyantran key liye vibhinn deshon key teji seey gatishil sangharsh kii disha mein antarrashtriya sthiti koo hull karane key prayaas mein adhyayan samoohon kaa gathan karein. charcha kii ack lambi avadhi key baad aur jaba niyamit roop seey nirdhaarit agast 1907 antarrashtriya samajwadi congress agast 1907 key teesare saptah key dauran germany key stuttgart mein bulaai gaee thee, tou inn deshon key sambandhit samajwadi dalon dwara likhit grate britten, france, neetherland aur belgium kii aupaniveshik neetiyon parr lambi reports kaa saamana kiya gayaa thaa.
aupaniveshik prashn parr ack lambi aur vibhajankari bahas hui, joe congress key samay key teen poore dinon mein hui. aayog mein ack dinn kii bahas ney ack bahumat prastaav prastut kiya jisamen upaniveshvaad kii saavdhaanipoorvak maapi gaee asweekriti kii peshkash kii gaee, jabaki saath hii aarthik vikas aur vistaar seey, shoshan key liye avikasit rashtron key khulane kii anivaaryata koo maanyata dee gaee. siddhant roop mein upaniveshvaad koo ack saath aswikar karane key iss prayaas seey asantusht, jabaki vyavhaar mein isaki anivaaryata koo sweekaar karate hue, grate britten, germany, france aur itali sahit pramukh aupaniveshik shaktiyon key pratinidhimandalon key beach gahare vibhajan ubhare. ack vampanthi, jisamen carle kautsky, hairi quelch aur juuliyan marchlevsky (karsky) shamil they, ney tark diyaa kii ack samajwadi aupaniveshik neeti shabdon kaa virodhabhas thee aur edward bernstein, aich. dwara madhyam sankalp koo prachaarit kiya gayaa thaa. aich. vaan cole aur edward david ney aupaniveshik logon key bull dwara baahari shasson kaa prabhaavi dhang seey samarthan kiya.
congress key puttle parr lambi bahas key baad samiti key bahumat prastaav koo ack nae prastaav key paksh mein alag curr diyaa gayaa, jisamen ghoshana kii gaee thee kii "poonjiwadi aupaniveshik neetiyon" koo anivarya roop seey "daasata, jabaran shram aur mool nivaasiyon key unmoolan koo janm denaa chaahiye", jabaki kewal samaajvaad kii upalabdhi seey "shantipurna saanskritik vikas" aur "poori manavata key hiton mein duniya key khanij sansadhanon" key vikas kii sambhavana sambhav hoe paayegi. pratinidhiyon key beach joe bhee maulik matbhed they, unhein iss prakaar aadarshvaadi gadya key saath samaapt curr diyaa gayaa; nae aupaniveshik prastaav koo sarvasammati seey apanaaya gayaa.
mahilaaon key matadhikar parr prastaav.
antarrashtriya samajwadi congress dwara mahila matadhikar kaa samarthan karna thodaa vivaad kaa vishay thaa, ack vichaar joe samajwadi mahilaaon key samanantar pahale antarrashtriya sammelan dwara ack saath aage badhaaya gayaa thaa-ack hii imarat mein ack saath aayojit ack sabhaa. samajwadi congress ney samajwadi mahila sammelan kii matadhikar maangon kaa samarthan kiya, apane prastaav key saath yeh ghoshit kiya kii "sabhi deshon key samajwadi dalon kaa kartavya saarvbhaumik mahila matadhikar kii shuruat key liye sabse adhik urjaavaan roop seey andolan karna haye. jabaki prastaav ney sweekaar kiya kii antarrashtriya koo kissy bhee desh mein matadhikar abhiyaan shuru karane kaa koee adhikaar naheen thaa, phir bhee isane iss baat parr jore diyaa kii jaba bhee aisaa abhiyaan shuru kiya gayaa, tou samajvadiyon koo "saarvbhaumik vayask matadhikar kii samanya samajik loktaantrik rekhaaon parr binaa kissy bhedbhaav key aage badhana chaahiye, aur kuchh naheen.
aapravaasan parr sankalp.
aapravaasan key sambandh mein, samajwadi antarrashtriya ney trade union andolan seey sakht aapravaasan pratibandhon key paksh mein vichaar karane key liye dabaav mahsoos kiya, jisase niyoktaon kii sthaapit sangh shramikon key sthaan parr cumm laagat vaale nae logon kaa upayog karane kii kshamata cumm hoe jaayegi. antim prastaav iss tarah kii maang koo puuraa karane mein bahut aage naheen gayaa, halanki, hadtaal todane vaalon yaa pahale pratibandhaatmak rojgar anubandhon mein pravesh karane vaalon key videsh seey ayaat kii ninda karate hue, lekin iss baat parr jore dete hue kii sangh naa kewal apravasi shramikon koo pravesh dete hain, balki uchit deeksha shulk aur bakaaya sanrachanaon key aadhar parr aisaa karate hain. yeh sthiti roodhivaadi shilp sanghon key kattarpanthi dushmanon aur unake "sankeern, chhote-burjua" agende key liye sweekarya saabit hui, jaise kii russie pratinidhi banaam. aaee. lenin, jinhone binaa kissy anishchit shart key kahaa kii apanaae gaye prastaav "krantikari samajik-loktantra kii maangon koo poori tarah seey puuraa kartaa haye.
samajwadi dall aur trade union.
congress ney samajwadi dalon aur duniya key vibhinn deshon key trade yuniyanon key beach sambandhon koo paribhaashit karke shramik andolan kii raajneetik aur aarthik shaakhaon key beach kabhi-kabhi asahaj tanaav koo door karane kaa prayaas kiya. luis dee brookere ney ack prastaav pesh kiya thaa jisamen unhone tark diyaa thaa kii party aur yuniyanon key beach sthiti kii samaantaa honey chaahiye. unhone kahaa kii unhein shramik varg kii samajwadi shiksha key prati pratibaddhata saajha karni chaahiye. halanki carle kautsky ney ack samjhauta prastaav kii madhyasthata kii jisamen dalon aur sanghon koo "sarvahara mukti key sangharsh mein samaan roop seey mahatvapurna kaary karna thaa", jisamen pratyek kaa kshetra taarkik roop seey alag aur dusare seey swatantra thaa. yeh vishvaas vyakt karate hue kii kewal ack sanyukt aarthik aur raajneetik prayaas hii shramik varg kii mukti key liye paryaapt hoga, prastaav mein ghanishth sahyog key liye pavitra ichchhaaen vyakt kii gaeen, joe pichhali antarrashtriya samajwadi congress kii ghoshanaon koo pratidhwanit karati hain.
anya sankalp.
sainyavaad, aapravaasan, samajwadi aur trade union andolanon key sambandhon, upaniveshvaad aur mahilaaon key matadhikar parr apane pramukh bayanon key alawa, 1907 kii stuttgart congress ney kuchh aur vishesh prastaav paarit kiye. pratinidhiyon ney francisi aur spanish balon dwara morakko key aakraman koo aswikar karane vaali ghoshanaon koo manjuri dee, 1905 kii russie kranti mein parajit krantikari andolan key saath sahaanubhooti vyakt kii, aur kattarpanthi sangh key netaa villium dee koo kanuni roop seey fansi dene key prayaas mein americi khadaan maalikon dwara niyojit "gairkaanooni tarikon" kii aupchaarik roop seey ninda kii. "badaa bill" haywood. pratinidhiyon ney moldavia aur valakia mein ack badey paimaane parr kisan vidroh koo samaapt karane key prayaas mein ghaatak hinsa kaa upayog karane mein romenia kii sarkaar key karyon kii bhee ninda kii.
pramukh pratinidhi.
austriya
belgium
france
germany
grate britten
bhaarat
itali
neatherlands
ottoman samrajya
romenia
russie samrajya
america

