
grater cleveland mein yahoodiyon kaa itihas

grater cleveland kshetra key yahudi samudaay mein yuu kii ack mahatvapurna jaatiya aabaadi shamil haye.aiss. ohiyo kii sthiti. yeh 1839 mein bavaria key pravasiyon dwara shuru kiya gayaa thaa aur taba seey dashakon mein iska aakar kaafee badh gayaa haye. 21veen sadee kii shuruat mein, ohiyo kii janganana key aankadon mein 150,000 seey adhik yahoodiyon kii soochana dee gaee, jisamen cleveland kshetra iss aabaadi key 50 pratishat seey adhik kaa ghar thaa. 2018 taka, grater cleveland sanyukt raajya america mein 23vaan sabse badaa yahudi samudaay haye. 2023 taka, cleveland yahudi samudaay key lagbhag 100,000 logon key honey kaa anuman haye. 
2012 mein, adhik cleveland mein yahudi aabaadi kaa anuman 80,800 thaa. agale kuchh varshon mein, cleveland mein vishesh roop seey shahar key roodhivaadi yahudi aur corporate vyaavsaayik samudaayon key bheetar yahoodiyon kii teji seey aamad dekhi gaee. 2010 mein ack vyaavsaayik shahar key roop mein cleveland key achaanak udbhav ney hajaaron yuva yahudi peshevaron koo poore shahar mein sthanantarit karane key liye prerit kiya, jisamen paschim kii or lakewood aur tremont jaise kshetra shamil they. cleveland key roodhivaadi samudaay ney bigadati sthitiyon seey bhaagne vaale yahoodiyon key pravaah aur newyork aur nyu jersey key saath-saath europe seey badhate yahudi-virodhi key aadhar parr teji seey vikas dekhaa.
itihas.
1839 mein, pahale yahudi apravasi bavaria seey cleveland aae. pahala yahudi apravasi simson therman naam kaa ack vyakti thaa. 25 varshon key bheetar, yahoodiyon kii aabaadi badhkar 1,200 hoe gaee.
1800 key dashak key anta seey aur 1950 key dashak taka, adhikansh yahudi glenville, kinsman aur huff key aantarik shahar key pados mein rahate they. 1920 mein, yahudi aabaadi badhkar 90,000 hoe gaee.
1940 key dashak taka, kaee yahudi glenville, kinsman, hoff aur taba key navanirmit shekar hights aur cleveland hights pados mein rahate they. inn padoson mein darjanon aradhanalaya faile hue they, joe dhana adharit varg key vibhinn prakaar key they. glenville, kinsman aur huff shahar key ander key puraane pados they, jahaan ghaney makaan banaae gaye they, jabaki 1900 key dashak kii shuruat mein vahaan banaae gaye haveli koo dekhate hue inn unchaaiyon koo ack samriddh pados maanaa jaataa thaa. cleveland mein sadak koo aksar "yiddishe downtown" yaa "yahudi downtown" key roop mein sandarbhit kiya jaataa thaa, kyonki vyast sadak oonchi imaraton seey bharee hui thee jisamen saikadon yahudi swaamitva vaale vyavasaay they.
1950 aur 1960 key dashak taka, yahudi samudaay ney teji seey cleveland kii unchaaiyon, vishvavidyalaya kii unchaaiyon, shekar kii unchaaiyon, dakshin euclid aur samudra tata kii lakadi key tatkalin nae vikasit upnagaron mein aage badhana shuru curr diyaa. isane ack baar aitihaasik roop seey yahudi glenville pados koo ack pramukh african americi pados mein chhod diyaa.
1980 key dashak taka, grater cleveland kshetra mein 150 seey adhik yahudi sangathan they.
2023 taka, lagbhag 100,000 yahudi clevelander hain joe jyaadaatar samudra tata, solan, moreland pahaadiyon, kaali mirch pike, dakshin euclid, lindhurst, shekar hights, cleveland hights, vishvavidyalaya kii oonchaai aur narangi key purvi upnagaron mein rahate hain. kaee yuva yahudi vyaavsaayik peshevar shahar key kendra mein aur paschim kii or padosiyon jaise lakewood aur tremont mein rahate hain.
poore cleveland mein yahoodiyon kaa pravaas.
sanyukt raajya america key kaee anya shaharon kii tarah, cleveland ney apani neenv kii shuruat key baad seey vibhinn padoson key beach kaee jansankhyikiya badalaav dekhe hain. cleveland key yahudi samudaay ney shahar key bheetar anya parivaaron key andolan kaa anusaran kiya, behtar jeevan sthitiyon aur aisee naukariyon kaa anusaran kiya joe ghanee aabaadi vaale shahar mein upalabdh naheen theen. jaise hii yahudi upnagaron key liye ravaana hue, african americi mahaan pravaas seey gujar rahey they. yeh aksar 1950 key dashak taka glenville jaise mukhya roop seey yahudi aantarik shahar key pados koo african-americi pados mein badal detaa thaa. yeh dekhate hue kii yahudi samudaay apane bheetar ghanishth, ghaney sambandh banaae rakhate hain, cleveland kaa yahudi jansankhyikiya parivartan dashakon seey vibhinn padoson key madhyam seey yahoodiyon key andolan key madhyam seey dekhaa jaataa haye.
cleveland key pahale yahudi 1839 mein cleveland key shahar mein buss gaye, jisamen cleveland key pahale kuchh darjan yahudi parivaaron ney cleveland israel samaaj kii sthaapana kii. yeh shahar kaa pahala aradhanalaya thaa, joe eagle street parr sthit thaa, joe abb pragatisheel kshetra kaa sthal haye. samay key saath, jaise-jaise cleveland kii yahudi aabaadi cleveland key shahar key vikas aur vikas key samanantar ack pramukh shahar mein badhee, yahudi samudaay poorv mein sthanantarit hoe gayaa joe taba nae vikasit pados they. 1800 key dashak key madhya taka, cleveland key adhikansh yahudi cleveland key pados mein rahate they. poore pados mein kaee badey aur aitihaasik aradhanalaya banaae gaye they, jinamen seey kaee aaj bhee aitihaasik sthalon key roop mein khade hain, abb african-americi churchon key roop mein upayog kiye jaa rahey hain.
1926 taka, cleveland key adhikansh yahudi aage key purvi kinsman aur glenville pados key liye hoff aur woodland pados seey baahar chaley gaye they. glenville cleveland mein yahudi jeevan kaa ack ghanaa kendra bunn gayaa, 1930 key dashak mein pados kii yahudi jansankhyiki 90 pratishat seey adhik taka pahunch gaee. glenville mein sadak koo kabhi yahudi jeevan key ack sampann maarg key roop mein jaanaa jaataa haye, jisamen darjanon yahudi kiraane kii dukaanen, dukaanen, vyavasaay aur aradhanalaya ack baar sadak key kinare hotey hain. dwiteeya vishva yuddh key baad, yahudi samudaay ney aantarik shahar mein anya parivaaron kaa anusaran karna shuru curr diyaa, joe taba nae vikasit pados mein cleveland kii unchaaiyon, shekar kii unchaaiyon aur vishvavidyalaya kii unchaaiyon mein they, jinhen aksar cleveland yahudi samudaay dwara kewal "unchaaiyon" key roop mein sandarbhit kiya jaataa thaa.
1948 mein, ack germ gaanv-vyaapi bahas samudra tata mein shuru hui jaba ack sunder melle key mandir key nirmaan key prastaav koo graam parishad key saamane prastut kiya gayaa, jisase yeh usa samay key jyaadaatar gair-yahudi pados kii gaanv kii seema key bheetar pahala aradhanalaya bunn gayaa. poore gaanv mein dashakon taka yahudi-virodhi bhavna bunny rahee aur aradhanalaya key prastaav key saath hii yeh badhee. yeh tark antatah ohiyo sarvocch nyayalaya key mamle mein badal gayaa, jisane faisala sunaaya kii aradhanalaya koo samudra tata mein apane vartamaan sthal parr banaane kii anumati dee jaani chaahiye. badey aradhanalaya ney mandali koo, mukhya roop seey saikadon yahudi parivaaron koo, samudra tata parr jaane key liye prerit kiya. 1950 key dashak mein saikadon aur yahudi parivaar samudra tata parr chaley gaye, teji seey jansankhya vriddhi key saath 1960 mein samudra tata kii lakadi koo ack shahar key roop mein sthaapit kiya gayaa. cleveland key 100,000 yahoodiyon key saath abb jyaadaatar purvi upnagaron mein reh rahey hain, teji seey andolan mein ack padaav kii shuruat hui, jisase aaj cleveland mein dekhe jaane vaale yahudi samudaay kii vartamaan jansankhyiki kaa nirmaan huaa. 1970 key dashak key madhya taka jaise-jaise yahudi samudaay badhata gayaa, yahudi narangi aur kaali mirch key nae vikasit pados mein jaane lagey, aur 1990 key dashak taka dakshin-poorv mein solan mein jaanaa jaari rakhaa. cleveland key purvi upnagaron mein aaj bhee ack sampann yahudi samudaay banaa huaa haye.
vishesh roop seey samudra tata kii lakadi koo sthaaniya logon dwara cleveland mein yahudi jeevan kaa kendra maanaa jaataa haye, yeh dekhate hue kii shahar mein ack darjan seey adhik yahudi sansthaan hain jinamen sabhi sampradayon key kaee aradhanalaya, mandel yahudi samudaay kendra, cleveland key yahudi sangh, cleveland yahudi samachar mukhyalaya, menora park, yahudi viraasat kaa maltz sangrahalaya, saath hii saath darjanon yahudi swaamitva vaale vyavasaay aur sangathan shamil hain. samudra tata key shahar koo "israel key baahar sabse yahudi pados mein seey ack" key roop mein jaanaa jaataa haye, jisamen prati vyakti yahudi aabaadi sanyukt raajya mein sabse adhik haye.
shiksha.
grater cleveland mein paanch yahudi divas school hainh joseph aur florence mandel yahudi divas school, sakal yojana divas school, futch mijrachi school, yeshiva derek hatorah aur cleveland kii hebru akadami. inn vidyaalayon mein lagbhag 10,000 chhaatr bhaag lete hain. jabaki mandel jey. dee. aur yojnakar 8veen kaksha taka shikshit karate hain, roodhivaadi school uchch vidyalaya key madhyam seey shikshit karate hain.
mandel parivaar poore samudaay mein yahudi sangathanon koo badey daan key liye jaanaa jaataa haye, vishesh roop seey shiksha seey sambandhit. paropkari parivaar ney mandel jey. dee. aiss., sthaaniya jey. see. see., kuyahoga samudayik mahavidyalaya, cleveland raajya vishvavidyalaya aur cases western reserve vishvavidyalaya jaise sthaanon koo laakhon diye hain.
cleveland kaa akiwa hyee school ack aisaa school haye joe yahudi hyee school key chhatron key liye vibhinn kshetron mein karyakram aur kakshaaen pradaan kartaa haye, jisamen hibru kakshaaen, israel vakaalat aur anya yahudi adhyayan shamil hain.
beachwood hyee school, yahudi chhatron key uchchatam pratishat mein seey ack, hibru koo ack videshi bhasha varg key roop mein pradaan kartaa haye. yahudi chhatron kii mahatvapurna sankhya vaale adhikansh saarvajanik aur niji purvi upnagariya schools mein yahudi chhaatr sangh club haye.
1941 mein holocost key dauran lithuania seey grater cleveland kshetra mein sthanantarit ack rubbinal college, telsche yeshiva kaa wickliffe mein ack mukhya parisar haye.
grater cleveland mein yahudi yuva.
grater cleveland mein kaee yahudi yuva samooh adhyaay hain, jinamen byo, yusi, ncc aur anfty shamil hain.
grater cleveland baayo kshetra kaa ghar haye, ohiyo uttari kshetra #23.1930 key dashak seey iss kshetra mein yahudi kishoron kaa mukhya hissa rhaa haye, aur taba seey yeh aaj key aakar taka badh gayaa haye. oh. aine. aar. mein lagbhag 600 sadasya hain, jinake saath way poore kshetra key saath kaee vaarshik sammelan aayojit karate hain. ohiyo uttari kshetra, joe cleveland mein sthit haye, lekin akron/canton, toldo aur youngstowne mein bhee shaakhaon mein sthit haye, mein 17 alag-alag ezaa aur bbg adhyaay hain. grater cleveland mein 8 adhyaay hain.
shivirwar charden mein cleveland key poorv mein sthit ack yahudi grishmakaaleen shivir haye. 1907 seey, shivirwar harr saal grade 2-10 key saikadon yahudi bachchon aur kishoron kaa grishmakaaleen ghar rhaa haye. halanki shivir jyaadaatar cleveland key shiviriyon kii seva kartaa haye, shivir mein rahane vaalon key saath-saath duniya bhar key salaahkaar bhee bhaag lete hain. pratyek satra mein lagbhag 370 shivirarthi bhaag lete hain.
cleveland mein adhikansh aradhanalaya yahudi bachchon aur kishoron key liye vibhinn prakaar key karyakram pradaan karate hain.
akiwa cleveland samudra tata parr ack school haye joe yahudi kishoron koo hibru sabak, israel key baare mein seekhane aur anya yahudi adhyayan sikhaata haye.
grater cleveland mein yahudi sansthaan.
vrihat cleveland yahudi samudaay mein kaee yahudi sansthaan hainh
cleveland key yahudi sangh kaa mukhyalaya samudra tata parr haye.
yahudi viraasat kaa maltz sangrahalaya samudra tata parr haye.
cleveland yahudi samachar" sthaaniya yahudi samachar patra haye jiska mukhyalaya samudra tata parr haye.
samudra tata mein sthit mandel yahudi samudaay kendra yahudi samudaay kaa ack kendra bindu haye.
cleveland kaa kamgaron kaa vritt ack yahudi lodge samooh haye.
vishesh aavashyakta vaale bachchon key liye maitri vritt sangathan mein kaali mirch pike mein ack kendra haye.
menora park samudra tata mein ack yahudi nursing home parisar haye.
cleveland hill cases western reserve university campus mein sthit haye.
adhik spasht bhoomi mein aradhanalaya.
grater cleveland mein kaee sampradayon key darjanon aradhanalaya hain. kaee roodhivaadi, sudhaarvaadi, punarnirmaanvaadi aur roodhivaadi aradhanalaya hain.
sabhi aradhanalaya soochibaddh naheen hoe sakate hain. kuchh gharon mein apanjikrit steebell aradhanalaya maujood hain, jinamen mandaliyaan kewal kuchh parivaaron key roop mein chhoti hain.
yahudi kabristan.
cleveland mein 16 yahudi kabristan aur kabristan key 3 yahudi khand hain. 2018 taka, cleveland kshetra mein 68,000 seey adhik yahudi kabrein hain.
poorv soviyat sangh (aff. aiss. yuu.)-yahudi samudaay.
grater cleveland yuu. aiss. mein sabse badee poorv soviyat sangh-yahudi aabaadi kaa ghar haye.aiss.newyork shahar key baad. yeh anuman lagaaya gayaa haye kii poorv soviyat sangh key 1000 yahudi adhik spasht bhoomi mein rahate hain, jinamen seey adhikansh mayfield oonchaai, solan, samudra tata kii lakadi aur narangi mein rahate hain. yuu mein lagbhag sabhi soviyat apravasi.aiss. (1970-2000 key dashak kii shuruat) yahudi hain. cleveland yahudi swaamitva vaali russie kiraane kii dukaanon kaa bhee ghar haye, jisamen sabse badaa yelsevsky delly haye, saath hii saikadon suu-yahudi swaamitva vaale aur russie bhashi vyavasaay jaise kii restaraan, khudra store, aabhushan, faarmesiyaan aur niji godam hain.
1963 mein, soviyat yahudi-virodhi parr cleveland parishad yuu mein pahali parishadon mein seey ack thee.aiss. jisane soviyat sangh mein rahane vaale yahoodiyon key jeevan kaa dhyaan aakarshit kiya, ack aisaa samay jisamen narsamhar aam they, yahoodiyon koo unake dastavejon parr bhedbhavpurna roop seey chihnit kiya gayaa thaa, aur ussr key yahudi nagrikon koo aamtaur parr jhoothe yaa atee-atiranjit apraadhon key liye giraftar kiya gayaa thaa (soviyat yahudi andolan dekhein). parishad kaa sabse badaa prayaas naa kewal yahudi-virodhi key baare mein soochit karna thaa, balki ussr seey adhik seey adhik yahudi sharanarthiyon koo laana bhee thaa. 1960 key dashak seey poore 1980 key dashak mein, aapravaasan dheema thaa. lekin, 1989 mein mikhail gorbachev key yahudi pravaas key bhatte key saath, cleveland yahudi samudaay ney turant saikadon soviyat-yahoodiyon koo grater cleveland kshetra mein punarsthaapit kiya, jinamen seey adhikansh mayfield kii oonchaai, poorv cleveland, dakshin euclid aur cleveland kii oonchaai mein apartment mein chaley gaye. kuchh varshon key bheetar, cleveland mein soviyat-yahudi sharanarthiyon kii sankhya kuchh hazaar taka badh gaee thee, aur 2000 key dashak kii shuruat taka lagbhag 15,000 taka pahunch gaee thee. cleveland key adhikansh soviyat yahudi roose, ukraine, bellaroos, moldova aur uzbekistan seey aae they. 
halanki soviyat-yahudi aam taur parr yuu. aiss. mein kharaab tareeke seey shuru hue.aiss.kuchh hii varshon mein kaee loga teji seey uchch madhyam varg mein vikasit hoe gaye. apravasiyon key itani teji seey safal honey key iss asamanya mamle ney pragatisheel soviyat shiksha aur vigyaan, engineering, doctoring aur saahitya key kshetron mein kendrit poorv rojgar key mishran mein yogdan diyaa haye, saath hii saath baal dekhbhal, rojgar khoj, kuyahoga samudayik college mein angreji kakshaon aur kiraaye aur awas key saath vittiya sahaayata jaisi aavashyak vastuon key saath cleveland yahudi samudaay kii madad seey.
kyonki 1980-2000 key dashak mein adhikansh soviyat-yahudi apravasi yuva jode they, hajaaron nae russie-yahudi parivaar cleveland mein shuru kiye gaye they, aur dwibhashi angreji aur russie bhashi bachche vartamaan mein iss kshetra mein paley-badhe hain.
soviyat-yahudi pravasiyon key aagaman ney bhee yiddi bolane vaalon kii ack naee lahar koo adhik spasht roop seey laaya, joe baaki yuu. aiss. mein yahudi samudaayon kii tulanaa mein lagbhag vipareet prabhaav daaltaa haye.aiss. russie key baad soviyat yahoodiyon kii doosari pramukh bhasha yiddish haye, vishesh roop seey statle aur ukraine, bellaroos aur moldova mein badee aitihaasik yahudi aabaadi vaale shaharon seey aaney vaale yahoodiyon key liye. 1960 seey pahale paida hue adhikansh soviyat yahoodiyon mein yiddish bolane kaa kaushal hotaa haye.
grater cleveland mein teen mukhya roop seey yahudi russie samachar patra hain, "russie patrika" aur "sambhavana" unamen seey dou hain. samachar patra iss kshetra mein adhikansh russie aur russie yahoodiyon kii seva karate hain. sthaaniya russie vyavsaayon key liye vyaapak vigyaapan key kaaran, sabhi samachar patra muft hain aur joe bhee sadasyata kaa adesh detaa haye usey jaari kiye jaate hain. "russie patrika" ney 2013 mein apane utpaadan key 20vein varsh kaa jashn manaaya. samachar patron mein americi sangh key raajneetik samacharon key khand shamil hain.aiss.roose, aur anya vishva samachar, upakhyan, aur russie bolane vaale naukari key avsaron key liye vyaapak vigyaapan, niji abhyaas russie dunt chikitsak aur doctor, aur russie bolane vaale restaraan, store, aur cleveland kshetra mein vyavasaay.
roodhivaadi samudaay.
grater cleveland ack sthaapit roodhivaadi yahudi samudaay kaa ghar haye. iss kshetra mein hasid yahudi sahit anumaanit 30,000 roodhivaadi yahudi rahate hain. pandrah roodhivaadi aradhanalaya hain joe grater cleveland samudaay aur teen yahudi schools kii seva karate hain. yahudi samudaay key aspas darjanon kosher restaraan, kosher kiraane kii dukaanen, yahudi kitaabon kii dukaanen, hasidic kapadon kii dukaanen, saath hii anya roodhivaadi yahudi vyavasaay paae jaate hain. yeh kshetra telsche yeshiva rubbinical college key liye duniya key kuchh sthaanon mein seey ack haye. grater cleveland mein hasidwad key ack ullekhaniya sampradaay, alexander hasidic rajvansh bhee haye.
grater cleveland mein ack bhoo-bhaag haye joe adhikansh roodhivaadi pados koo cover kartaa haye, jisamen cleveland kii oonchaai, samudra tata kii lakadi, shekar kii oonchaai, vishvavidyalaya kii oonchaai aur dakshin euclid shamil hain. 8 march, 2018 koo ack gambhir sheetkaleen toofaan key baad, bijli line seey judey erav kaa ack hissa gir gayaa thaa, aisaa honey key liye 33 varshon mein pahali baar.
grater cleveland mein kaee roodhivaadi sangathan hain. cleveland kaa aish hatorah ack vayask nyaayik adhyayan sangathan haye. belefare jey. see. bee. ack yahudi parivarik sangathan haye. grater cleveland mein kaee mikwa hain.
ullekhaniya loga.
nimnalikhit soochi mein ullekhaniya loga shamil hain, joe rahate hain, yaa joe adhik spasht bhoomi mein rahate hain aur yahudi hain. iss soochi mein aise loga bhee shamil hain joe adhik spasht bhoomi seey naheen hain, lekin adhik spasht bhoomi mein rahey hain yaa rahate hain, aur spasht bhoomi samudaay mein mahatvapurna prabhaav daala haye.

