
helmate roloff

helmut rolloff (9 octuber 1912-29 sitambar 2001) ack german piyanovadak, recording kalakar, shikshak aur naazi shasson key khilaf pratirodh senani they. sitambar 1942 mein rolloff koo berlin mein ack naazi virodhi pratirodh samooh key roundup mein giraftar kiya gayaa thaa, joe kathit taur parr ack vyaapak europeeya jasusi network key kendra mein thaa, jise abvehar dwara laal orchestra ("rotte kapel") key gupt naam key tahat pahachaana gayaa thaa. una sathiyon dwara cover kiya gayaa jinhone apane poochtaachhkartaaon koo raaji kiya kii samooh key saath unakaa sampark anajaane mein thaa, unhein fansi seey bachaa liya gayaa aur riha curr diyaa gayaa. yuddh key baad paschimi berlin mein, rolloff ney sangeet akadami ("hoshchule farr music berlin") mein padhaaya. school key nideshak key roop mein seva karane key baad, way 1978 mein sevaanivritt hue.
praarambhik jeevan, naazi utpeedan kaa gawah.
rolloff kaa janm vishvavidyalaya aur garrison shahar geesen mein hese-darmstad mein huaa thaa, jahan unake pitaa gustaav rolloff itihas key professor they (europeeya aupaniveshik neeti aur shakti key mahadvipiya santulan key chhaatr). unaki maan, elizabeth, sangeet kii drishti seey pratibhashali theen aur unhone apane bete koo piano seey parichit karaaya, lekin unhone pahale kaanoon mein adhyayan kiya.
janwari 1933 mein satta parr naazi kii kabzi key baad, leapsig nyaayvid leo rosenberg key ghar mein ack niyamit atithi key roop mein, rolloff ney yahudi logon key nae licenses praapt utpeedan key prabhaavon koo dekhaa. unhone sangeet koo ack aise currier key roop mein sochana shuru curr diyaa jisamen way kaanoon key bhrashtachar seey seedhe taur parr samjhauta naheen karenge. iss beach, jeevan mein romanch aur usake maataa-pitaa key liye jeevan asambhav hoe rhaa thaa. 1 aprail 1933 koo yahudi vyavsaayon key pahale naazi bahishkaar key dinn, unake pitaa shahar key kendra mein ack yahudi sahayogi key saath spasht roop seey chaley. lekin vishvavidyalaya mein ack badee bheed yaad aatee haye kyonki bhed swechha seey saa [mein shamil hoe gaee...] mujhe naheen lagata kii merey ack bhee dost aur parichit they joe shamil naheen hue they. 1936 mein parivaar berlin key adhik gumnami mein chalaa gayaa.
1935 mein rolloff ney hoshchule farr music (aich. aff. aim., aaj kaa universit dair kunste berlin, facult 3) seey snaatak kiya, jisase yahudi shikshakon jaise leonid creutzer, emmanuel fureman aur arther schnabel koo pahale hii barkhast aur nishkaasit curr diyaa gayaa thaa. rolloff ney richard rossler key saath adhyayan kiya aur baad mein 1938 mein, niji taur parr, jinhone unhein mendelsohan parivaar seey parichit karaaya. rolloff ney clindworth-charvenka sanrakshanalaya mein horbowski key saath ack shikshan sthiti paaee aur sangeet karyakram denaa shuru curr diyaa.
parivaar kaa berlin apartment ack "poori tarah seey yahudi imarat" key roop mein varnit thaa. 1939 mein giraftari aur nirvaasan shuru huaa, jisase ack padosi kii aatmahatya hoe gaee. rolloff jore dekar kahate hain kii "aggar loga kahate hain kii unhein aisee cheejon key baare mein pataa naheen thaa, tou yeh sach naheen haye. loga jaanate they. berlin, badey shahar mein kaee loga jaanate they kii yahoodiyon koo grunewald station parr rakhaa jaa rhaa thaa aur poorv mein leey jaaya jaa rhaa thaa.
yuddhakaal kaa pratirodh.
sangeet itihaaskaar fred key. preberg ney dekhaa kii dou tihai sangeetkaron key teesare samooh mein, unamen seey kaee ney 1933 seey pahale, "jaldbaji mein nsdap mein shamil honey kaa avsar socha" (doctors kii tulanaa mein adhik pratishat, anyatha aisaa maanaa jaataa thaa, vakeelon key liye, jinake liye bahut cumm vikalp thaa, vyavsaayon mein sabse adhik najikrit). naa kewal party kii sadasyata seey incar karane mein balki yeh taya karane mein bhee kii unhein shasson key khilaf kuchh karna haye, roloff apvaadon mein seey ack thaa.
sangathit pratirodh kii baat key saath unaki pahali muthbhed 1937 mein hui thee jaba unaki dosti hui, haal hii mein hirasat seey riha kiya gayaa, ack protestant paadari jise asantusht confessing church ("beckenande kirche") seey wakerling kahaa jaataa haye.
1941 kii sardiyon mein, dunt chikitsak aur sangeet premi helmut himpel dwara rolloff koo berlin mein ack pratirodh samooh mein pesh kiya gayaa thaa joe jode addam aur greta cookhoff, hairo aur libertas schulz-boysen aur arvid aur mildrade harnack key aspas kendrit thaa. 17 sitambar 1942 koo, gestapo, jisake paas usake sahayogi they, ney rolloff key parivaar key apartment kii talashi lii. ack piano key neeche unhein ack bund suitcase milaa joe harrow schulz-boyson kii pahale kii giraftari key baad, usey kuchh dinn pahale surakshit rakhane key liye diyaa gayaa thaa. isamen ack soviyat-aapoorti (lekin kaaryaheen) laghu-tarang radio transmitter thaa.
rolloff kii giraftari kii soochana "dha newyork times" (6 octuber 1942) mein "berlin mein badee safai" key hisse key roop mein dee gaee theeh "giraftar kiye gaye adhikansh vyakti buddhijivi, vakeel, abhineta aur kalakar they, aur unamen seey prasiddh german sangeetkaar, helmut rolloff, jinhen ack holl mein ack badaa sangeet karyakram dene seey kuchh ghante pahale hirasat mein leey liya gayaa thaa.
prinz-albrecht-strass mein gestapo mukhyalaya mein leey jaaya gayaa, rolloff koo ack tahakhaane mein dou saptah key liye janjeeron mein baandh diyaa gayaa thaa. poochtaachh key dauran, unhone jore dekar kahaa kii unhone socha thaa kii mamle mein happel key rogiyon seey seb yaa anya avaidh upahaar hain. ack niyamit puliskarmi honey key sandeh mein ack adhikaari ney usey fusfusaya aur protsaahit kiyaah "aapane apana mamla kaafee achchi tarah seey prastut kiya haye. abb isake saath rahein. 
spen kii jail mein sthanantarit honey key baad, rolloff ney heapel aur apane kothri key padosi, communist patrakaar johnn grudenz key saath apani gawahi kaa samanvaya karane key tareeke khoje. 26 janwari 1943 koo rolloff jaari kiya gayaa thaa. unake liye hippel key antim shabd they "aap ack mahaan piyanovadak bunn jaayenge.
agale maheenon mein, samooh key 49 sadasyon (19 mahilaaon aur 30 purushon) koo, jisamen hippel, usaki mangetar maria terville aur graudenz shamil they, koo fansi dekar yaa plotzency jail mein sir kalam karke maar diyaa gayaa.
maria tervl key typewriter, rolloff, hippel, graudenz aur anya mahatvapurna padon parr logon koo tainaat anya naazi-virodhi samagri kii nakal key beach, videshi samvaaddaataon koo paarit kiya gayaa, aur berlin mein vitarit kiya gayaa, bishap wonn gallen kaa upadesh thaa jisamen "action tii4" ichchamrityu karyakram kii ninda kii gaee aur ack vivadaspad sheershak thaa "germany key bhavishya key liye darr logon koo pakadata haye" ("dye george umm dutialands zukun jeft dirch daas volk"). rolloff ney iss patrak koo poore dahlem jile mein daak dibbon mein bhee daala. johnn sig kii sahaayata seey hairo schulz-boyson dwara likhit, ise "ags" parr hastaaksharit kiya gayaa thaa. rolloff ney yaad kiya kii yeh "naajiyon kii bahut majboot aalochana" kii peshkash kartaa haih hasyaspad lekin vinashkari dhokhebaajon aur bahaduron kaa ack varg, joe logon seey alag hoe gayaa haye, abb rashtra key jeevan koo nirdeshit kartaa haye. germany kii sabse adhik aavashyakta key samay, yeye loga aaraam seey jeevan jeete hain. phir bhee sabhi sachche deshbhakton kaa vivek europe mein german shakti key poore vartamaan abhyaas key khilaf vidroh kartaa haye...]
reech key naam parr, nagrikon aur kaidiyon key khilaf sabse bhayaanak yaatana aur krurta kii jaa rahee haye. yuddh kaa pratyek dinn akalpaniya dard aur peedaa laataa haye. harr dinn bill badhata haye joe hamein anta mein chukana hoga...] vyakti apani ichcha koo sahan karane key liye kyaa curr sakata haye? pratyek koo jahaan bhee vaha curr sakata haye, iss vartamaan shasson kii maang key thheek vipareet karane kii koshish karni chaahiye. 
praaptakartaon seey aagrah kiya gayaa thaa kii way "iss patra koo jitani baar hoe sakey duniya mein bhejen! ise doston aur sahakarmiyon koo dein!"aur aashvast kiya gayaah" aap akele naheen hain! apani mergie seey ladanaa shuru karein, phir samoohon mein. cull germany hamara hoga!"
rolloff aur unake samooh ney abhee bhee berlin mein rahane vaale yahoodiyon koo vyaavhaarik sahaayata pradaan karane kii bhee koshish kii thee. unhone vyaktigat kagjat surakshit kiye aur jaali dastavejon kii aapoorti kii.
laal vaadyayantra".
rolloff ney kabhi bhee khud koo, chaahe sahaanubhooti yaa sambaddhata seey, ack communist naheen maanaa (unaki patni inge ney unhein "aajivan roodhivaadi" key roop mein varnit kiya). phir bhee, yeh paschimi kshetra key sahyogiyon kaa sandeh thaa. unhone nott kiya kii unhone berlin key soviyat kshetra mein sampark banaae rakhaa, aur polish sainya mission key atithi rahey they.
yuddh key baad key harnack/schulz-boysen network kaa drishtikon bahut adhik banaa rhaa joe unake poochtaachhkartaaon dwara kheencha gayaa thaa. 1969 key anta mein, gestapo kii gawahi aur record, aur reech sainya nyayadhikaran ("reichscriggericht"), adhikaariyon ney saptahik "dair spiegel" mein "laal orchestra jasusi ring key itihas" parr ack shrinkhala kii jaankaari dee."german purvi-saamane sainya kabron kii ack tasveer key tahat, yeh poochha gayaa kii kyaa laal orchestra dwara" "saikadon hajaaron sainikon" "koo dhokha diyaa gayaa thaa?"purvi german shasson ney samooh key itihas mein herfer karke ack communist cell key roop mein samooh key drishtikon koo majboot kiya, vishesh roop seey german-soviyat mitrata koo majboot karane aur faasivaad virodhi key roop mein apani jasusi gatividhi koo vaidh banaane key liye.
rolloff ney apane yuddh key anubhav key baare mein shayed hii kabhi baat kii jaba taka kii 1998 kii shuruat mein unake bete stephen dwara unakaa vyaapak roop seey sakshatkar naheen kiya gayaa thaa. haalaanki vaha isamen shamil naheen they, unakaa samooh sainya jasusi mein lagaa huaa thaa (unaki giraftari seey teen maheene pahale, gradenz aur hairo schulz-boysen ney angrejon koo yeh bataane kii koshish kii thee kii germans ney apani nausena sanchaar sanhita toda dee thee), aur unake paas soviyat sampark they. yeye juuna 1941 mein german aakraman kii taiyari key baare mein apani reports koo samajhaane mein aprabhaavi rahey they, aur yeh saabit kiya kii "abvehar" ney adman cookoff aur mosco dwara brussels mein ack agent koo radio dwara prasaarit kiye gaye schulz-ladakon key liye sampark vivaran koo roque diyaa.
stephen rolloff key baad key shodh ney pushti kii kii dusaron ney kyaa paaya haye. laal vaadyayantra kaafee hudd taka ack sheet-yuddh kaa mithak thaa joe virodhiyon aur asantushton key alag-alag samoohon koo ack saath baandhata thaa, naa tou soviyaton dwara nirdeshit aur naa hii aapas mein samanvit. harnack/schulz-boysen network kii gatividhiyon seey judey vyaktiyon mein (shayed ack sou kii ginati, nishpaadit sankhya seey doguni) raajneetik aur daarshanik drishtikon ("veltanscholiche bahuvachan") kaa ack "bahulvaad" thaa. adhinaayakvaadi paristhitiyon mein pratirodh aam taur parr bahut adhik vyaktigat nirnay hotaa haye, stephen rolloff kaa nishkarsh haye, una samoohon key liye joe kissy ack vaichaarik rekha kaa paalan karate hain ("catacomb" mein). pratirodhi swabhaav seey anuyaayi naheen hotaa haye.
2009 mein german bundstag ney sarvasammati seey rashtriya samaajvaad key tahat rajdroh key sabhi yuddh-samay key doshon koo khaali karane aur unake peediton key punarvaas key liye sahamati vyakt kii.
yuddh key baad kaa currier.
1945 mein yuddh kii samaapti key baad, rolloff koo charlotenberg mein sangeet kii punarsthaapit berlin akadami ("hoshchule farr music berlin") mein ack sthiti millie. unhein 1950 mein professor, 1953 mein poorna professor aur 1970 mein school kaa nideshak niyukt kiya gayaa thaa. 1975 mein school koo berlin university off arts ("universitant dair kunste berlin") mein shamil kiya gayaa thaa, jisake rolloff koo 1978 mein unaki sevaanivritti parr maanad senator banaaya gayaa thaa.
rolloff ney apane poore jeevan mein ack sangeet karyakram piyanovadak aur piano shikshak key roop mein kaam kiya. unhone teesare reech key dauran aadhuniktavadiyon key pradarshan koo aswikar curr diyaa. yuddh key anta seey chhah maheene baad, berliner rundfunk ney sergei procofeave khelate hue rolloff kaa prasaran kiya. 1947 kii garmiyon seey unhone darmstad mein nae antarrashtriya sangeet sansthaan mein samkaaleen sangeet mein sangoshthiyon kaa netritva kiya, jisaki shuruat paul hindemith aur manual dee faalaa key pradarshan seey hui. lekin sabse badhkar, shaastriya-romantic pradarshanon kii soochi mein vriddhi hui. duesh vyaakaran key liye unhone beethoven, mendelsone, mosart, webber aur schubert koo darj kiya.
1990 mein, rolloff koo japani sangeet mein unake yogdan key liye japani sarkaar seey pavitra khajaane, gardan key ribbon key saath soney kii kiranon kaa adesh praapt huaa, jisamen takahiro sonoda, toyaki matsura aur anya japani piyanovadak shamil they.
helmut rolloff kii 29 sitambar 2001 koo berlin mein unake ghar mein mrityu hoe gaee. unake parivaar mein unaki patni ing rolloff, unake bete stephen rolloff (kalakar aur film nirmaata), (bansuri vaadak) aur (piyanovadak) they.
stephen rolloff ney apane pitaa aur laal orchestra kii ack yuddhakaaleen jeevani likhi, jise 2004 mein ulstein press dwara prakaashit kiya gayaa thaa. unaki film vrittachitra, "dha redd orchestra" koo americi mahila alochakon dwara sarvshreshth videshi film 2005 key liye namankit kiya gayaa thaa.