daudane kii jagah

ganit mein, ack topological space "x" kaa runn space (yaa runn space) ack topological space formula _ 1 haye jiska antarnihit sett "x" key sabhi gair-khaali seemit upasamuchchay kaa sett haih ack metrick space "x" key liye topology koo hasdorf doori dwara prerit kiya jaataa haye. iss dhaarana kaa naam ziv runn key naam parr rakhaa gayaa haye.
paribhasha.
samanya taur parr, daudane vaale sthaan kii topology sett dwara utpann hoti haye
kissy bhee vichhedit khule upasamuchchay sootra key liye.
ack yojana key liye ack runn space kaa ack analogue haih ack ardh-projective yojana "x" kaa ack kshetra "k" parr runn prestack, jise sootra _ 1 dwara darshaaya jaataa haye, vaha shreni haye jisaki vastuen teen sootra hain _ 5 jisamen ack parimit roop seey utpann "k"-beejganit "r", ack gair-khaali sett "s" aur sootra sett kaa ack maanchitra _ 6, aur jiska morphism sootra _ 7 ack "k"-beejganit samroopata sootra _ 8 aur ack adhikshep maanchitra sootra _ 9 seey banaa hotaa haye joe sootra _ 10 aur sootra _ 11 key saath aataa haye. motey taur parr, sootra _ 1 kaa ack "r"-bindu "r" key ack gair-seemit sett haye-sootra dwara diye gaye label key saath "x" key rational bindu. ack sootra sootra koo pakadana jaari rakhta haye aur sootra _ 10 dwara diyaa gayaa sootra "x" kaa ack sootra "r"-rational bindu "haye.
guna.
bellinson aur drinfeld kii ack pramey bataati haye kii ack judey hue manifold kaa daud sthaan kamjor roop seey sankara haye.
topological kieral homology.
yadi "f" daudane vaale sthaan sootra _ 15 parr ack kosh haye, tou isake vaishvik khandon key sthaan koo "f" mein gunank key saath "m" kii topological kieral homology kahaa jaataa haye. yadi "a", motey taur parr, "m" mein binduon dwara parameterised commutative algebras kaa ack parivaar haye, tou "a" seey judaa ack kaarak sheef haye. iss nirmaan key madhyam seey, "aeye" mein gunank key saath topological kieral homology bhee praapt hoti haye. nirmaan hoxchild homology kaa ack saamaanyikaran haye.

