
sharaab banaane vaalaa vee. williams

sharaab banaane vaalaa vee. williams, 430 yuu.aiss. 387 (1977), sanyukt raajya america key sarvocch nyayalaya kaa ack nirnay haye joe spasht kartaa haye kii chhathe sanshodhan key uddeshyon key liye paramarsh key adhikaar kii "chhoot" kyaa haye. miranda vee." key tahat. arizona, "ack sandigdh seey poochtaachh key dauran pulis dwara praapt saboot, usake miranda adhikaaron koo padhane seey pahale, asweekarya haye. haalaanki, yahaan, prativaadi koo adalat mein abhiyukt kiya gayaa thaa aur usane vakeel rakhane kii apani ichcha parr jore diyaa thaa, iss prakaar uska chhathaa sanshodhan vakeel kaa adhikaar sanlagn curr diyaa thaa. iss mudde parr yeh thaa kii kyaa prativaadi key hirasat mein honey aur usake vakeel kii upasthiti key baahar diye gaye pulis bayanon key jawab mein aapattijanak tathyon koo swaichhik roop seey sweekaar karane seey iss adhikaar koo maaf curr diyaa gayaa thaa.
mamle key tathya.
24 disambar, 1968 kii dopahar koo, pamela power naamak ack 10 varsheeya ladki apane parivaar key saath days moines, ayova mein ack kushti tournament dekhane gaee, jisamen uska bhaai bhaag leey rhaa thaa. jaba vaha shauchalaya kii yatra seey lautane mein whiffle rahee, tou usaki talash shuru hoe gaee. khoj asafal rahee.
robbert williams, joe haal hii mein ack mansik aspatal seey bhaag gaye they, way yamak key nivasi they. ladki key laapata honey key turant baad williams koo kuchh kapade aur kambal mein lipate ack badey bundle koo laker yamka lobby mein dekhaa gayaa. usane ack 14 varsheeya ladke seey sadak kaa darwaja kholane aur baahar khadee apani gaadi kaa darwaja kholane mein madad praapt kii. jaba williams ney apani kaar kii agali seat parr bundle rakhaa tou ladke ney usamen dou pair dekhe aur way dubale aur safed they."isase pahale kii koee dekh sakey kii bundle mein kyaa thaa, williams bhaag gaye. usaki parityakt kaar agale dinn devenport mein millie, joe lagbhag days moines key poorv mein haye. usake baad apaharan key aarop mein usaki giraftari key liye ack warrant jaari kiya gayaa thaa.
26 disambar kii subah, heinry mcnite naam kaa ack days moines vakeel days moines pulis station gayaa aur upasthit adhikaariyon koo soochit kiya kii usey abhee-abhee williams seey ack lambi doori kaa coll aaya thaa aur usane williams koo khud koo devenport pulis key paas jaane kii salah dee thee. williams ney usa subah devenport mein pulis key saamane aatmasamarpan curr diyaa, jisane giraftari warrant mein nirdisht aarop parr usey darj kiya aur usey "miranda banaam" dwara aavashyak chetaavaniyan deen. arizona. devenport pulis ney phir days moines mein samkakshon koo telephone kiya taaki unhein soochit kiya jaa sakey kii williams ney aatmasamarpan curr diyaa haye. mcnite, vakeel, abhee bhee days moines pulis mukhyalaya mein thaa, aur williams ney telephone parr mcnite key saath baatchit kii.
days moines pulis pramukh aur cleatus leaming (2001 mein mrityu) naamak ack pulis jasus kii upasthiti mein, mcnite ney williams koo salah dee kii days moines pulis adhikaari usey lene key liye devenport jaa rahey honge, kii adhikaari usase poochtaachh naheen karenge yaa usake saath durvyavahar naheen karenge, aur williams koo adhikaariyon seey pamela shaktiyon key baare mein taba taka baat naheen karni thee jaba taka kii usaki desoins mein vaapsee parr mcnite key saath paramarsh naheen kiya jaataa. inn baatchit key parinamswarup, mcnite aur days moines pulis adhikaariyon key beach yeh sahamati bunny kii jasus leaming aur ack saathi adhikaari williams koo lene key liye devenport kii or gaadi chalaayenge, kii way usey seedhe days moines key paas vaapas laayenge aur way yatra key dauran usase sawal naheen karenge.
iss beach, williams koo bakaaya giraftari warrant parr devenport mein ack nyayadhish key saamane pesh kiya gayaa. nyayadhish ney unhein apane "miranda" adhikaaron kii salah dee aur unhein jail bhej diyaa. adalat kaksh seey nikalane seey pahale, williams ney kellie naam key ack vakeel seey baat kii, jinhone unhein salah dee kii jaba taka mcnite back inn days moines seey paramarsh naheen kiya jaataa, taba taka koee bayaan naa dein.
jasus leaming aur uska saathi adhikaari dopahar key aspas devenport mein williams koo lene aur usey days moines mein vaapas karane key liye pahunche. unake aaney key turant baad way williams aur kellie seey mille, joe, way samajh gaye, williams key vakeel key roop mein kaam curr rahey they. jasus leaming ney "miranda" chetavaniyon koo dohraya, aur williams seey kahaah "[doubleu] ee donon jaanate hain kii aapka pratinidhitva yahaan shree dwara kiya jaa rhaa haye. kellie aur aapka pratinidhitva shree dwara kiya jaa rhaa haye. days moines mein mcnite, aur... main chaahata huun kii aap ise yaad rakhein kyonki humm yahaan aur yahaan key beach jaayenge."
villium ney phir akele kellie key saath phir seey sammaan kiya, aur iss sammelan key baad, kellie ney jasusi leaming koo dohraya kii williams seey taba taka pamela shaktiyon key gayab honey key baare mein sawal naheen kiya jaanaa thaa jaba taka kii unhone mcnite back inn days moines seey paramarsh naheen kiya thaa. jaba leaming ney kuchh aapattiyan vyakt keen, tou kellie ney dridhata seey kahaa kii mcnite key saath samjhauta kiya jaanaa thaah kii days moines kii automobile yatra key dauran williams seey koee poochtaachh naheen honey thee. kellie koo williams aur dou adhikaariyon key saath pulis kaar mein vaapas days moines jaane kii anumati naheen dee gaee thee.
donon jasus, williams key saath, phir 160 meal kii drive parr nickle padey. yatra key dauran kissy bhee samay williams ney ack vakeel kii anupasthiti mein poochtaachh kii ichcha vyakt naheen kii. isake bajaay, unhone kaee baar kahaa, "jaba main days moines jaataa huun aur shree koo dekhta huun. mcnite, main aapako poori kahani bataane jaa rhaa huun."jasus leaming koo pataa thaa kii williams ack poorv mansik rogi thaa, aur yeh bhee jaanata thaa kii vaha gahara dhaarmik thaa.
jasus aur usake kaidi ney jald hii dharm key vishay sahit vibhinn vishayon koo shamil karate hue ack vyaapak baatchit shuru curr dee. phir, devenport chhodane aur antarrajyiya rajmarg taka pahunchane key kuchh hii samay baad, jasus leaming ney sankshipt aur maukhik tarkon mein "isai dafan bhaashan" key roop mein sandarbhit kiya haye."williams koo" "aadaraniya" "key roop mein sambodhit karate hue, jasus ney kahaah
"jaba humm sadak parr yatra curr rahey houn tou main aapako sochane key liye kuchh denaa chaahata huun... number ack, main chaahata huun kii aap mausam kii sthiti kaa nireekshan karein, barish hoe rahee haye, thhand hoe rahee haye, thhand hoe rahee haye, gaadi chalaana bahut khatarnak haye, drishyata cumm haye, aaj shaam jaldi andhera honey vaalaa haye. way aaj raat key liye kaee inch burf kii bhavishyavani curr rahey hain, aur mujhe lagata haye kii aap swayam ekmatra vyakti hain joe jaanate hain kii iss chhoti ladki kaa shareer kahaan haye, kii aap swayam kewal ack baar vahaan gaye hain, aur yadi aap isake oopar burf paate hain tou aap khud ise khojane mein asamarth hoe sakate hain. aur, choonki humm raaste mein kshetra seey thheek aage nikalkar days moines mein jaa rahey honge, mujhe lagata haye kii humm rook sakate hain aur shareer kaa pataa lagaa sakate hain, kii iss chhoti ladki key maataa-pitaa koo usa chhoti ladki key liye isai dafanaane kaa adhikaar honah chaahiye jise chrismus parr unase chheen liya gayaa thaa aur hatyaa curr dee gaee thee. aur mujhe lagata haye kii hamein subah taka intezar karane aur burf key toofaan key baad vaapas aaney kii koshish karane key bajaay raaste mein rukna chaahiye aur iska pataa lagaana chaahiye aur sambhavatah ise bilkul bhee khojane mein saksham naheen honah chaahiye."
williams ney jasus leaming seey poochha kii usane kyon socha kii days moines kaa unakaa maarg unhein ladki key shareer seey aage leey jaayega, aur leaming ney jawab diyaa kii vaha jaanata thaa kii shareer michelville key kshetra mein thaa, ack shahar jahan seey way days moines key raaste seey gujar rahey honge. leaming ney taba kahaah "main naheen chaahata kii aap mujhe jawab dein. main iss parr aage charcha naheen karna chaahata. buss isake baare mein sochein kyonki humm sadak parr sawari curr rahey hain."
jaise hii kaar devenport seey lagbhag 100 meal paschim mein ack shahar grinnel key paas pahunchi, williams ney poochha kii kyaa pulis koo peedit key joote mill gaye hain. jaba jasusi karane vaale ney jawab diyaa kii vaha anishchit thaa, tou williams ney adhikaariyon koo ack seva station mein nirdeshit kiya jahan unhone kahaa kii unhone joote chhod diye hain; unaki khoj asafal saabit hui. jaise hii way days moines kii or badhate gaye, williams ney poochha kii kyaa pulis koo kambal milaa haye, aur adhikaariyon koo ack vishram kshetra mein jaane kaa nirdesh diyaa jahan unhone kahaa kii unhone kambal kaa niptan curr diyaa haye. kuchh naheen milaa. kaar days moines kii or badhati rahee, aur jaise hii yeh michelville key paas pahunchi, williams ney kahaa kii vaha adhikaariyon koo dikhaayenge kii shav kahaan thaa. phir unhone pulis koo pamela shaktiyon key nikaay koo nirdeshit kiya.
williams koo pratham shreni kii hatyaa key liye abhiyukt kiya gayaa thaa. mukadame seey pahale, unake vakeel ney devidport seey days moines taka automobile kii sawari key dauran williams dwara diye gaye kissy bhee bayaan seey sambandhit yaa usake parinamswarup sabhi sabooton koo dabaane key liye kadam uthaaya. sakshya sunavaai key baad mukadame key nyayadhish ney prastaav koo aswikar curr diyaa. unhone paaya kii "bachaav paksh key vakeel aur pulis adhikaariyon key beach iss aashay kaa ack samjhauta kiya gayaa thaa kii prativaadi seey days moines kii vaapsee yatra parr poochtaachh naheen kii jaani thee", aur yeh kii prashn mein sakshya williams seey "kaaryavaahi mein ack mahatvapurna charan key dauran" praapt kiya gayaa thaa, jisake liye unake anurodh parr vakeel kii upasthiti kii aavashyakta thee."nyayadhish ney halanki faisala sunaaya kii williams ney" aisee jaankaari dene key dauran ack vakeel koo upasthit karane key apane adhikaar koo maaf curr diyaa thaa."
baad key mukadame mein vakeel kii nirantar apatti parr prashnagat sakshya pesh kiya gayaa thaa. juurii ney williams koo hatyaa kaa doshi paaya, aur doshasiddhi key faisale kii pushti ayova sarvocch nyayalaya dwara kii gaee, jinake adhikansh sadasya nichali adalat seey sahmat they kii williams ney devenport seey days moines taka automobile kii sawari parr "apane vakeel kii upasthiti key apane adhikaar koo maaf curr diyaa thaa. chaar asantusht nyayadhishon ney yeh vichaar vyakt kiya kii "jaba vakeel aur pulis sahmat hoe gaye hain kii prativaadi seey taba taka poochtaachh naheen kii jaani chaahiye jaba taka kii vakeel maujood naa hoe aur prativaadi koo baat naheen karane kii salah dee gaee haye aur baar-baar kahaa gayaa haye kii vaha vakeel key saath baat karane key baad poori kahani bataayega, tou raajya koo yahaan kii tulanaa mein jaanboojhkar swaichhik chhoot kaa ack majboot pradarshan karane kii aavashyakta honey chaahiye."
isake baad williams ney ayova key dakshini jile key liye sanghiya adalat mein bandee pratyaksheekaran key ack ritt key liye yachika daayar kii. raajya aur williams key vakeel ney nirdhaarit kiya kii "mamla aage kii gawahi liye binaa, nichali adalat mein tathyon aur kaaryavaahi key record parr prastut kiya jaayega."jilaa adalat ney tathya key nishkarshon koo oopar sankshep mein prastut kiya, aur kaanoon key mamle key roop mein nishkarsh nikala kii prashn mein sakshya koo williams key mukadame mein galat tareeke seey sweekaar kiya gayaa thaa. yeh nishkarsh teen vaikalpik aur swatantra aadharon parr adharit thaah (1) williams koo vakeel kii sahaayata key unake samvaidhaanik adhikaar seey vanchit curr diyaa gayaa thaa; (2) unhein "escobedo banaam" dwara paribhaashit samvaidhaanik suraksha seey vanchit curr diyaa gayaa thaa. ilinois, aur miranda vee. arizona "; aur (3) kissy bhee ghatana mein, devenport seey days moines taka kii automobile yatra parr unake aatm-aapattijanak bayaan anaichhik roop seey diye gaye they. isake alawa, jilaa adalat ney faisala sunaaya kii villium dwara samvaidhaanik suraksha seey koee chhoot naheen dee gaee thee.
aathven circuit key liye appeal kii adalat ney, ack nyayadhish key asahamati key saath, iss faisale kii pushti kii aur "aine baink" kii sunavaai key liye ack yachika koo aswikar curr diyaa. sarvocch nyayalaya ney prastut samvaidhaanik muddon parr vichaar karane key liye pramaan patra pradaan kiya.
nirnay.
brenan, marshel, powell aur stevens key saath shamil hue stevert ney kahaa kii adalat dwara sweekaar kiye jaane vaale chhathe sanshodhan key adhikaar kii chhoot key liye, yeh raajya parr "ack jaanboojhkar tyag yaa parityag" saabit karane key liye baadhya haye...... ack baar jaba kissy vyakti key khilaf virodhi kaaryavaahi shuru hoe jaati haye, tou sarkaar jaba usase poochtaachh karati haye tou usey kanuni pratinidhitva kaa adhikaar hotaa haye.paramarsh kaa adhikaar" prativaadi key anurodh parr nirbhar naheen kartaa haye, aur adaalaten chhoot key khilaf harr uchit dhaarana mein lipt hoti hain.yeh ack sakht maanak haye aur ack kathit chhoot key liye samaan roop seey lagu kiya jaataa haye, chaahe vaha mukadame mein huaa hoe yaa mukadame seey pahale kii kaaryavaahi mein, jaise poochtaachh. ise iss roop mein naheen padhaa jaanaa chaahiye kii ack prativaadi ise lagu karane key baad apane vakeel key adhikaar koo maaf naheen curr sakata haye, lekin aparaadh koo hull karane mein kaanoon pravartan key dabaav kaa mukabala karane key liye sakhti aavashyak haye.
ack baar nyaayik kaaryavaahi shuru honey key baad (yahaan, devenport, ayova mein niyukti), chhathaa sanshodhan yeh nirdhaarit kartaa haye kii ack sandigdh koo paramarsh dene kaa adhikaar haye. williams ney salah dene key apane adhikaar parr jore diyaa thaa. unake dou vakeel they, donon ney pulis koo bataaya thaa kii williams seey unake binaa poochtaachh naheen kii jaani chaahiye, aur williams ney drive mein kaee baar kahaa thaa kii vaha bolane jaa rahey they, lekin ack vakeel seey paramarsh karane key baad hii. dee. tii. dwara diye gaye bayaan. leaming poochtaachh curr rahey they kyonki unhein ack doshpurna bayaan dene key iraade seey banaaya gayaa thaa aur ack gyaat samvedansheelta parr khela gayaa thaa. deat kii or seey koee prayaas naheen kiya gayaa thaa. yeh nirdhaarit karane key liye kii kyaa williams apane adhikaar koo maaf karna chaahte hain. inn paristhitiyon mein yeh maanane key liye koee uchit aadhar naheen haye kii williams ney jaanboojhkar apana adhikaar maaf curr diyaa thaa. isaliye, williams seey binaa vakeel key sanrakshan key aur usa adhikaar koo maaf kiye binaa hirasat mein poochtaachh kii jaa rahee thee.
nyaayamurti kumhar karkuni kii bahumat kii raay mein, halanki, ack futnote thaa joe sujhaav detaa haye kii williams dwara pradaan kiye gaye sakshya kaa abhee bhee ack mukadame mein samvaidhaanik roop seey upayog kiya jaa sakata haih
jabaki naa tou williams key doshpurna bayanon koo swayam yaa naa hii peedit key shareer taka pulis koo leey jaane kaa varnan karane vaali kissy bhee gawahi koo samvaidhaanik roop seey sakshya mein sweekaar kiya jaa sakata haye, shareer kahaan paaya gayaa thaa aur isaki sthiti key sakshya iss siddhant parr achchi tarah seey sweekarya hoe sakate hain kii shareer kii khoj kii gaee hogi kissy bhee ghatana mein, yahaan taka kii villium seey doshpurna bayaan bhee naheen nikaale gaye they. ... yadi ack punah mukadama shuru kiya jaataa haye, tou yeh raajya adalaton key liye yeh nirdhaarit karane key liye hoga kii kyaa sakshya kii vishesh vastuon koo sweekaar kiya jaa sakata haye.
isake baad.
villium koo taba doosara mukadama milaa, jisamen unake vakeelon ney phir seey jasuson dwara williams seey poochtaachh seey upaje sabhi sabooton koo dabaane key liye kadam uthaaya. nyayadhish ney faisala sunaaya kii jasuson koo diye gaye williams key bayaan asweekarya they, lekin karbhari key futnote kaa hawala dete hue, faisala sunaaya kii shareer saboot key roop mein sweekarya thaa, kyonki yeh anivarya roop seey kaanoon pravartan dwara khoja gayaa hoga. 15 julaai, 1977 koo, williams koo phir seey pratham shreni kii hatyaa kaa doshi thaharaaya gayaa. iss doshasiddhi koo sarvocch nyayalaya ney "nix vee" mein barkarar rakhaa thaa. williams "(1984), jisane ack apariharya khoj apavaad kii samvaidhaaniktaa kii pushti kii.