
puerto rico swaasthya sudhaar

puerto rico swaasthya sudhaar, "medicade" swaasthya yojana koo sandarbhit kartaa haye joe puerto rico kii "badee saarvajanik sarkari swaasthya seva vitaran pranali kaa ack upasamuchchay" haye. ise "ack baar" kahaa jaataa thaa, baad mein ise "kahaa jaataa thaa aur abb ise" mahatvapurna "(mahatvapurna yojana) kahaa jaataa haye, lekin way sabhi chikitsa sahaayata hain, ack sarkaar dwara sanchaalit karyakram joe puerto rico key garib aur garib nagrikon koo chikitsa aur swaasthya seva pradaan kartaa haye. ise kaee varshon taka sthaaniya roop seey kewal "laa reforma" (sudhaar) key roop mein sandarbhit kiya jaataa thaa. puerto rico kaa chikitsa sahaayata karyakram sanyukt raajya america key raajyon key anya chikitsa sahaayata karyakramon key samaan haye. vitt poshan yuu dwara kiya jaataa haye.aiss. ack block anudan key roop mein chikitsa sahaayata karyakram, sanyukt raajya america key chikitsa sahaayata karyakramon key raajyon koo vitt poshit karane key tareeke key vipareet aur 2019 mein adhikansh dhana mein katauti kii gaee thee.
itihas.
march 2018 taka puerto rico mein 86 parichaalan swaasthya kendra they joe chikitsa sahaayata sweekaar curr rahey they.
puerto rico kii garib aabaadi dweep key rashtramandal darje kii shuruat key baad seey apani swaasthya dekhbhal aavashyaktaon key liye vishesh roop seey sthaaniya sarkaar parr nirbhar haye. sarkaar ney kaee aspatalon, aapaatkaaleen kendron aur muft kleenikon kaa rakharkhaav kiya, jisamen riyo pedras chikitsa kendra (spanish mein "centro medico") shamil haye, jise dweep kaa sabse badaa aspatal aur carribean mein sabse badey aspatalon mein seey ack maanaa jaataa haye. haalaanki, iss pranali ney sarkaar koo kaafee laagat dee, jabaki janata aur media seey sust naukarshahi aur gair-peshevar sarkari karmchaariyon kii kharaab sevaaon kaa hawala dete hue badhati aalochana paida kii.
1994 mein, puerto key tatkalin governor rico pedro rosello ney "swaasthya sudhaar" key naam seey saarvajanik swaasthya pranali key nijikaran kaa prastaav rakhaa aur usey lagu kiya. nijikaran yojana mein sarkari swaamitva vaale aspatalon aur chikitsa kendron koo sthaaniya aur sanyukt raajya america key niveshakon koo bechana aur phir garib aur jaruratmand nagrikon key liye ack saarvbhaumik muft aur/yaa cumm laagat vaali swaasthya beema yojana koo lagu karna shamil thaa. sudhaar kaa ekmatra apavaad yeh thaa kii mansik swaasthya laabh aur sevaaen vyavhaar swaasthya seva aur mansik swaasthya seva companiyon dwara pradaan kii jaani theen, naa kii beema vaahakon dwara.
nijikaran yojana key tahat seva aabaadi koo bhaugolik kshetron mein vibhajit karane kii aavashyakta thee, jisamen pratyek kshetra koo pratispardhi bolly aur prastaavon key madhyam seey pradaan kiye gaye seva anubandh key madhyam seey ack ekal beema vaahak koo saunpa gayaa thaa. bhaugolik kshetron key padnam aur assignment koo 2001 mein antim roop diyaa gayaa thaa. 1994 key baad, sabhi sarkari aspatalon aur chikitsa kendron koo niji companiyon aur niveshakon koo betch diyaa gayaa thaa, jisamen sthaaniya chikitsa samooh aur doctors seey bunny companiyan shamil theen. nijikaran yojana kaa ekmatra apavaad yeh thaa kii riyo pedras chikitsa kendra rashtramandal sarkaar dwara chalaaya jaayega (aur abhee bhee haye).
nijikaran yojana koo vibhinn udyog aur saarvajanik kshetron kii baad kii aalochanaon kaa saamana karna padaa haye, joe tark dete hain kii yojana sarkari bhrashtachar seey prabhaavit thee. kaee raajnetaon, niji niveshakon aur sarkari karmchaariyon parr sarkari chikitsa kendron kii bikri aur adhigrahan key dauran rishwat aur jabaran vasuli yojanaon koo anjam dene kaa aarop lagaaya gayaa haye aur/yaa unhein doshi thaharaaya gayaa haye. sabse prasiddh doshasiddhion mein seey ack pramukh nae pragatisheel party vidhaayak edison misla aldarondo kii thee.
sudhaar.
puerto rico mein kaam karane vaali teen sabse badee beema companiyan vartamaan mein kewal "sudhaar" mein bhaag leey rahee hain. yeye triple-aiss, ink they. sudhaar labharthiyon key saath 40.4%, 33.5% key saath chikitsa card pranali (aim. see.), aur 26.1% key saath manwana.
pranali seey judee badhati laagat key kaaran sudhaar kii aalochana hui. sarkaar key prashaasan key tahat. iss tarah, sarkaar ney sevaaon mein katauti karane kii koshish kii aur kharchon koo cumm karane key prayaas mein karyakram seey kaee pratibhagiyon koo hataa diyaa. haalaanki, iss karyakram koo abhee bhee apane $1.44 karod vaarshik vyay (2005) koo puuraa karane key liye paryaapt raashi kii aavashyakta haye. akele 2005 mein, karyakram key kharchon koo puuraa karane key liye pratibhagiyon kii katauti aur sevaaon key liye shulk seey kewal 40 karod dollar utpann hue they, jabaki shesh 1 arab dollar key kharch koo raajya sarkaar dwara pradaan kii gaee subsidy dwara cover kiya gayaa thaa.
inn aalochanaon aur asafalataon ney sarkaar koo sudhaar key sanchaalan parr adhik sakht niyantran lagu karane key saath-saath labharthiyon koo sevaaen pradaan karane key tareeke mein vividhata laane key liye prerit kiya. 2003 mein ack praayogik pariyojana shuru hui, jisamen sarkaar ney ack kshetra kii sevaaon koo seedhe ack chikitsa swaasthya seva pradaata koo anubandhit kiya, naa kii ack beema company koo anubandh diyaa, aur sarkaar ney kahaa haye kii laagat koo cumm karane key liye bhavishya mein ise aur anya karyakramon koo lagu aur vistaarit kiya jaa sakata haye. halanki, poorv sarkaar sahit kuchh rajneta. piedro rosello, una sabhi nagrikon key liye sudhaar karyakram kaa vistaar karke ack saarvbhaumik swaasthya dekhbhal pranali banaane key liye abhiyaan chalaa rahey hain jinake paas ack niji beema yojana kii kamee haye.
mahatvapurna.
isake naam kii parwah kiye binaa, jaisa kii puerto rico key vibhinn rajyapalon dwara iska punargathan kiya gayaa haye-iss yojana koo abb "mahatvapurna" kahaa jaataa haye-aur puerto rico key chikitsa sahaayata kaa prabandhan karane key liye haye. puerto rico kii chikitsa sahaayata sanyukt raajya america seey ack block anudan dwara cover kii jaati haye aur karyakram koo sanghiya dishaanirdeshon key anuroop honah chaahiye. yeh karyakram sarkari swaamitva vaale aspatalon aur aapaatkaaleen kendron kii paaramparik pranali key vipareet niji swaasthya beema companiyon koo anubandh karane key madhyam seey chalaaya jaataa haye. sudhaar puerto rico swaasthya beema prashaasan dwara prashaasit haye.

