frank rayan (ayrish ganarajya)

frank rayan (; 11 sitambar 1902-10 juuna 1944) ack ayrish rajneta, patrakaar, khufiya agent aur ardhsainik karyakarta they. way pahali baar university college doublin mein ack ayrish ganarajyavadi karyakarta key roop mein pramukhta seey saamane aae aur ayrish grihyuddh key dauran ayrish ganarajyavadi senaa key liye ladey. rayan ayrish ganatantravaad key bheetar samaajvaad key ack samarthak peeder oh 'donnell key prabhaav mein aaa gaye, jisake parinamswarup way iraa seey alag hoe gaye aur ack nae raajneetik sangathan, republican congress kii sthaapana karane aur isake sambaddh samachar patrah "aine fobloct" key sampadan mein shamil hoe gaye.
rayan ney lokpriya morche parr spanish grihyuddh mein bhaag liya, joe commintern-sangathit antarrashtriya brigade (purvavyaapi roop seey connolly collum key roop mein jaanaa jaataa haye) key liye lada rhaa thaa. rashtravadi samarthak italvi logon dwara pakade jaane key baad, unhein maut kii sajaa sunai gaee. rayan koo 1940 mein german adhikaariyon kii madad seey jail seey riha curr diyaa gayaa thaa. isake baad unhone naazi germany key saath sahyog kiya, yeh maanate hue kii britten parr german aakraman ayrish rashtravadi uddeshya key liye fayademand hoga.
praarambhik jeevan.
rayan kaa janm bottomstown, elton, county limeric key townland mein huaa thaa. unake maataa-pitaa, vere foster raayan aur annie slattery, bottomstown (nockney key parrish) mein rashtriya vidyalaya key shikshak they, jinhen ayrish paaramparik sangeet kaa swaad thaa, aur way kitaabon seey bharey ghar mein rahate they. unhone sent mein bhaag liya. coleman college, fermoy. taba seey way ayrish bhasha kii bahaali key liye samarpit they.
unhone university college doublin mein celtic adhyayan kaa adhyayan kiya, jahan way ayrish republican armi (aaee. aar. aeye.) prashikshan core key sadasya they. 1922 mein iraa kii purvi limeric brigade mein shamil honey key liye snaatak honey seey pahale way chaley gaye. unhone ayrish grihyuddh mein sandhi virodhi paksh mein ladaai ladee, aur ghayal hoe gaye aur unhein nazarband curr diyaa gayaa. navambar 1923 mein unhein riha curr diyaa gayaa aur vishvavidyalaya college doublin mein vaapas aaa gaye. way kaee ayrish bhasha key samajon mein sakriya they, jinhone 1924 mein ayrish mein bhaashan key liye cumman gedelach kaa swarn padak jeetaa. gallic punrutthan yug key dauran unhein ayrish bhasha key prakashanon key liye likhane key liye niyukt kiya gayaa thaa-unhone sankshep mein "ack rult" () kaa sampadan kiya. unhone vishvavidyalaya ganarajya club kaa gathan kiya aur 1925 mein snaatak honey seey pahale pradarshanon mein iska netritva kiya.
vishvavidyalaya key baad unhone mountjoy school (doublin mein ack protestant school) mein ayrish padhaaya, lekin patrakaarita unakaa vyavasaay thaa. unakaa dinn kaa kaam paryatak board key liye "ayrish yatra" kaa sampadan karna thaa, jabaki unhone iraa key liye "ack toglatch" () kaa sampadan bhee kiya. shaam koo conrad naa galgay mein ayrish padhaane, itihas aur saahitya mein vyakhyan dene aur kabhi-kabhaar seelidh kaa netritva karane key liye samarpit they.
1926 mein, unhein doublin brigade kaa sahayak niyukt kiya gayaa aur unhein punargathan kaa kaam diyaa gayaa. rayan hamesha samrajyavad virodhi rhaa haye, aur peeder oh 'donnell kaa maanana haye kii una dinon rayan kii soch parr sabse badaa prabhaav brussels mein samrajyavad key khilaf leag kii congress thee, jisamen unhone farwari 1927 mein iraa key pratinidhiyon key roop mein domnal oh' donogh key saath bhaag liya thaa.
1929 mein rayan koo ganatantravaadi samachar patra "aine fobloct" kaa sampaadak niyukt kiya gayaa, jahan unhone apane sahayak geophrey coulter key saath kaam kiya. unhone milkar ise ack jeevant raajneetik samachar patra mein badal diyaa, jisase pathakon kii sankhya mein kaafee vriddhi hui. iss varsh unhein senaa karyakari key liye chunaa gayaa, joe iraa senaa parishad key tahat ack nikaay thaa.
1928 mein shuru hocker aur 1930 key dashak key madhya taka chalane vaale, rayan ney ack saathi republican aur samajwadi, rosemond "rossin" jacob key saath ack romantic sambandh mein pravesh kiya. donon kii mulakat rayan kii ayrish bhasha kii kakshaon key madhyam seey hui. kaee karakon key kaaran, jaise kii donon key beach umr kaa antar (vaha 40 varsh kii thee aur jaba way 26 varsh key they, jaba way mille they, aise samay mein jaba ireland mein niyam thaa kii mahilaaon koo apane saathi seey cumm umr kii honey chaahiye), unaki alag-alag dhaarmik prishthabhoomi (rayan nammatra ack catholic thaa, jacob nammatra ack quaker) aur tathya yeh haye kii way avivaahit they, iss rishte koo "ack sambandh" maanaa jaataa thaa aur unakaa maanana thaa kii ise gupt rakhaa jaanaa chaahiye.
maee 1930 mein, rayan ney america mein kaee saptah bitaaye, ayrish sammelanon koo sambodhit karate hue, jahan unhone mahamandi kii shuruat aur berojgari kii tabahi dekhi. 1931 mein, unhein "aine foblecht" mein rajdrohi lekh prakaashit karane key liye jail mein daal diyaa gayaa thaa. usa varsh baad mein, unhein adalat kii avamaanana key liye phir seey jail bhej diyaa gayaa. 1932 key ayrish aam chunaav mein fiana fail kii jeet key baad, raayan koo march 1932 mein hajaaron anya gantantra kaidiyon key saath aam maafi key hisse key roop mein jail seey riha curr diyaa gayaa thaa.
republican congress.
1933 mein, rayan ney george gillmore aur peeder oh 'donnell key saath milkar ack nae vaam-republican sangathan kii sthaapana kaa prastaav rakhaa jise republican congress kahaa jaayega. yeh mazdoor varg aur chhote kisaanon koo aakarshit karane vaale ack zana krantikari andolan kaa aadhar banega. ack aaee. aar. aeye. senaa sammelan mein, way prastaav key liye anumodan praapt karane mein whiffle rahey. jaba rayan, gillmore aur oh 'donnell ney usa aprail mein athlon mein ack baithak kii joe congress key nirmaan key liye jore detee rahee, taba iraa senaa parishad ney baad mein una teenon koo "court marshel" curr diyaa, jabaki congress kaa samarthan karane vaale iraa swayamsevakon koo pada seey hataa diyaa gayaa. isake baad, gillmore, rayan aur oh 'donnell ney republican congress key saath aage badhana shuru kiya, jisamen rayan isake naam key samachar patra key sampaadak baney.
maheenon taka iraa key bheetar aur iraa aur vibhinn vampanthi sangathanon key beach sarkari dabaav, fine gell kii badhati fasiwadi pravritti aur chunaavon mein bhaag lene key baare mein bahas hoti rahee. iraa netritva apane paaramparik maarg koo banaae rakhane mein kamyab rhaa, halanki usane blueshert kaa sakriya roop seey saamana kiya. 1935 mein, raayan ney vampanthi samagri key prakaashan mein kathinaaiyon koo darkinar karane key liye dou prakaashan sansthaon, "sahakaari press" aur "swatantrata press" kii sthaapana kii. usa varsh kii pahali chhamaahi mein hadtaalon key dauran (janwari mein kasai kii dukaanen, march mein traum aur buss hadtaal) aur iraa kaidiyon kii rihaai key liye andolan joe abhee bhee vampanthi aur ack roodhivaadi gutt key beach fatey hue they aur sarkaar key jabardast dabaav mein they. iss beach, vaichaarik vivaadon koo laker republican congress alag honey luggy. rayan, gillmore aur oh 'donneld kaa maanana thaa kii congress koo ekjut morcha honah chaahiye joe sabhi ayrish ganarajyiyon key liye ack banner key roop mein kaam kartaa haye, jabaki roddy connolly aur ireland kii communist party key sadasyon kii visheshta vaale ack anya gutt kaa maanana thaa kii yeh ack agrani party honey chaahiye. sitambar 1934 mein rathmine, doublin mein aayojit congress kii ack vinashkari baithak mein usa mudde parr ack vote liya gayaa jisamen sanyukt morche kii avadharana jeeti gaee, lekin turant ack agrani party kaa samarthan karane vaale khade hoe gaye, saamoohik roop seey istifa dey diyaa aur party seey baahar chaley gaye, ack aisaa jhataka jisase vaha vaastav mein kabhi uber naheen paaya, jisase yeh 1936 taka nishkriya hoe gayaa.
1936-1939 key spanish grihyuddh mein bhagidari.
spanish grihyuddh key shuru honey key saath, peeder oh 'donnell aur phir george gillmore kaaryavaahi parr report karane key liye congress kii or seey spen gaye, aur spanish ganarajya key utsaahi samarthakon koo vaapas curr diyaa. reyan ardh-fasiwadi blueshert netaa eoin oh 'duffy dwara faasivaadiyon key saath ladane key liye ack ayrish brigade key ayojan parr naraj they, aur samachar patron koo likhe khule patron mein franco kaa samarthan karane key liye church sangrah mein dhana jutaane key liye cardinal amcrory kii aalochana kii gaee thee. congress ney saarvajanik sabhaon mein spanish ganarajya key uddeshya kaa prachaar karna shuru curr diyaa. usa samay franco samarthak bhavna kii taakat koo dekhate hue, yeh koee aasaan kaam naheen thaa, jise catholic church aur ayrish swatantra key vargon dwara kodaa maaraa gayaa thaa. republican samarthak baithakon koo aksar chunauti dee jaati thee, aur ack avsar parr raayan koo bheed seey bachane key liye ack deep-chauki parr chadhana padata thaa, jisane york street mein ack baithak koo sambodhit karane vaali sabhaa parr hamla curr diyaa thaa.
naa tou oh 'donnell (apani umr key kaaran) aur naa hii gillmore (pair tootane key kaaran) ladane key liye spen lautane kii sthiti mein they. apane baharepan key bavjood, 1936 key anta mein rayan ney lagbhag 80 purushon key saath spen kii yatra kii, joe gantantra paksh mein antarrashtriya brigade mein ladane key liye bharti karane mein safal rahey they. rayan key purushon koo kabhi-kabhi "connelly collum" key roop mein sandarbhit kiya jaataa haye.
unhone linken-washington brigade mein seva kii aur brigadier key pada taka pahunch gaye. vaha prachaar key prabhaari 15veen antarrashtriya brigade key karmchaariyon seey judey they-lekhan, prasaran aur paristhitiyon koo pratyaksh roop seey dekhane key liye agrim pankti mein jaanaa. unhone kaee mukabalon mein ladaai ladee-jarama kii ladaai (farwari 1937) mein unhone british batalian (ayrish koo isake aur linken batalian key beach vibhajit curr diyaa gayaa thaa) kii kamaan sambhali, jaba usey bhaari nuksan huaa. march 1937 mein way gambhir roop seey ghayal hoe gaye aur thheek honey key liye ireland laut aae. unhone apani vaapsee kaa laabh uthaate hue ack aur vampanthi-republican samachar patra shuru kiya, jiska sheershak thaa "ayrish democrate". spen lautane parr, unhone phir seey yuddh mein seva kii jaba taka kii march 1938 mein rashtravadiyon key liye ladane vaale italvi sainikon dwara unhein pakad naheen liya gayaa. una parr hatyaa kaa aarop lagaaya gayaa thaa, adalat ney unhein marshel kiya thaa aur 1938 mein bergos jail mein kaid honey seey pahale unhein maut kii sajaa sunai gaee thee. way 16 maheene taka maut kii sajaa key tahat they. iss dauran unhone ingland mein iraa bambari abhiyaan key saath apani asahamati vyakt kii. baad mein janwari 1940 mein unaki sajaa koo 30 saal key kathor shram mein badal diyaa gayaa.
'1940 mein bergos jail seey 'palayan'.
octuber 1938 mein ayrish mantri leopold curney ney bergos jail mein rayan seey mulakat kii. kernie ney raayan (jaim michel dee champorsin, ayrish sarkaar dwara bhugtan kiya gayaa) key liye ack vakeel koo kaam parr rakhaa, lekin apane sabhi prayason key bavjood, vaha raayan kii rihaai koo surakshit naheen curr sakey. abwehar (ack german sainya khufiya sangathan) key pramukh wilheim canaris key saath dee shamporcin key sampark aur franco sarkaar key bheetar, 15 julaai 1940 koo rayan koo abwehar key haathon mein chhod diyaa gayaa. hastaantaran irun-hende mein spanish seema parr huaa. usa samay ack cover story jaari kii gaee thee jisamen raayan "bhaag gayaa thaa. rayan koo madrid sthit abvehar agent wolfgang blom dwara spanish seema parr leey jaaya gayaa aur sonderfuhrer curt holler koo saunp diyaa gayaa. seema seey, rayan koo pahale resort shahar biarritz aur phir peris leey jaaya gayaa, jahan unhein abvehar key saujanya seey kaee dinon kaa aatithya praapt huaa. isake baad unhein berlin leey jaaya gayaa, jahan way 4 agast 1940 koo saine russell seey mille.
naazi germany 1940-1944 key saath sahyog.
germany key saath rayan aur iraa key sambandh.
berlin mein jail mein rahane parr, rayan kaa parichay ss curnell dow. admond weisenmeyer. weisenmeyer, apane roving ss aur german videsh mantralaya key sankshipt vivaran key hisse key roop mein, 1940-1943 key dauran ireland mein sabhi abvehar sanchaalan kii yojana banaane mein ghanishth roop seey shamil they, vishesh roop seey russell seey judey. rayan kabootar key prashikshan yaa taiyari mein shamil naheen thaa. jaba russell beemar hoe gayaa aur yatra key dauran (ack chhidrit alsar key kaaran) usaki mrityu hoe gaee, tou baad mein mission koo samaapt curr diyaa gayaa aur rayan bordo key raaste germany laut aaya.
operation kabootar kii viphalata key baad, rayan berlin mein hii rhaa. sharad ritu 1940 aur janwari 1943 key beach way ireland key ack parichit, helmut clissman key saath berlin mein ack "badey udas flat" mein rahate they. clissman kaa vivaah sligo kii elizabeth "budge" mulkahi seey huaa thaa, joe rayan aur leopold curney donon kii dost thee. 1930 key dashak mein doublin mein ack vinimay chhaatr key roop mein clissman rayan aur anya ganarajyavadiyon aur samajvadiyon koo achchi tarah seey jaanate they; hitler key satta mein aaney seey pahale, way ack vampanthi chhaatr sangathan key sadasya they. spanish jail mein apane ghaav aur upchaar key parinamswarup rayan kii tabiyat thheek naheen thee, aur ack samay parr unhein aghaat lagaa thaa, lekin vaha shaant rahey aur apane doston key ack chhote seey ghere koo apane chaaron or aakarshit kiya. unhein gupt rehna padaa aur samanya taur parr rajneeti parr charcha naheen karate they. vaha teji seey bahara hoe gayaa (halanki usake doston ney sujhaav diyaa kii vaha kabhi-kabhi german adhikaariyon key saath asahaj baatchit seey bachane key liye baharepan kaa naatak kartaa thaa) taaki usey raat mein akela naheen chhoda jaa sakey-vaha vimaan-rodhi cyron naheen suna sakata thaa. baad mein unhein apane dinn baahar yaa kaife mein bitaane padey (jahaan unaki dosti francis stuart key saath hoe gaee, jinhen way doublin seey jaanate they) taaki loga unhein dekh sakein aggar cyron kii aavaaz aatee haye. vaha ayrish samachar patron koo padhane key liye leey gayaa aur atirikt raashan praapt karane kii sthiti mein honey key kaaran, unhein apane doston key saath udaartaa seey saajha kiya. badale mein, stuart graameen ilaakon kii yaatraon aur apane chhatron key saath baahar jaane key liye raayan koo leey gayaa, jisake haathon mein bahut samay thaa. iraa key cheef off staff stephen hays ney daavaa kiya kii rayan aur stuart ayrish yuddh kaidiyon key beach prachaar kaary curr rahey they. yeh baat galat thee. way ayrish kaidiyon key liye ack shivir gaye, joe ack "ayrish gaard" mein shamil honey key unake iraade koo darshaate they. rayan aur clissman ney ack shivir kaa bhee daura kiya jisamen kuchh loga they joe iss gaard koo sthaapit karane kaa irada rakhate they. rayan kaa isase koee lena-denaa naheen thaa aur yojana bekaar hoe gaee. rayan koo shivir mein jaane kaa pachtawa huaa aur usane stuart seey kahaa kii poori yojana ney usey nirash curr diyaa-usey kewal una logon key saath sahaanubhooti thee, joe unake aur unake sathiyon kii tarah jail shiviron mein they.
1940 key anta mein, aeye "frank rayan kahaan haye?"abhiyaan" "ayrish press" "mein shuru huaa. isake jawab mein, frank rayan ney madrid mein ayrish mantri leopold curney koo ack patra likhaa, jisamen unake thikaane key baare mein bataaya gayaa. ireland kii sarkaar koo 11 aur 19 disambar 1940 key beach elizabeth ("buzz") clissman dwara raayan key thikaane key baare mein soochit kiya gayaa thaa, jinhone raayan kii or seey patra koo haath seey vitarit kiya thaa. rayan ney clissman koo nirdesh diyaa kii vaha kernie koo yeh naa bataae kii russell kii "yuu-65" parr mrityu hoe gaee thee, halanki yeh jaankaari pahale hii leak hoe chuki prateet hoti haye.
kabje vaale europe mein jasusi karna.
maee 1941 mein abvehar operation whale (german mein "unternamen walfisk"), ireland mein ack jheel parr ack samudri vimaan utaarane kii yojana kaa vistaar kiya gayaa thaa, jisamen paise aur ack transmitter key saath iraa kii punah aapoorti shamil thee. rayan koo iraa seey sampark karna thaa. yojana mein parivartan key baad ise operation see eagle (german mein "unternamen seedler") key roop mein jaanaa jaane lagaa. reyan seey operation see eagle kii yojana mein unakaa sahyog manga gayaa thaa. operation see eagle key liye likhit prastaav weisenmeyer dwara rachit raayan key liye kuchh kathit jeevani vivaran detaa haye. yeh gyaat naheen haye kii kyaa reyan ney weisenmeyer koo inn bayanon koo prastaav mein shamil karane key liye prerit kiya yaa kyaa weisenmeyer ney operation see eagle key praayojit honey kii sambhaavanaon koo badhaane key liye unhein jodaa; kissy bhee tarah seey weisenmeyer ney reyan kii saamyavaadi sahaanubhooti parr jore naheen diyaa aur isamen kaee ashuddhiyaan aur alankaran shamil kieh
"... vaha pramukh ayrish rashtravadiyon mein seey ack hain [aur] kaee varshon seey ayrish ganarajya senaa kii netaa parishad key sadasya rahey hain, aur ingland key khilaf kaee ladaaiyon mein bhaag leey rahey hain."
"1929 mein [british] gupt seva ney unake khilaf hatyaa kaa ack asafal prayaas kiya aur taba seey vaha aksar jail mein rahey hain."
"unake ayrish ganarajya key halakon seey laker dee valera key nikatatam dall taka aur swayam dee valera key saath, saath hii ayrish niyamit senaa, uttari ireland mein rashtravadi ayrish aur vishesh roop seey america mein pramukh ayrish logon key saath vyaapak sambandh hain."
halanki operation see eagle koo pahali baar 6 sitambar 1941 koo hitler koo dikhaae jaane key baad sthagit curr diyaa gayaa thaa aur phir antatah radd curr diyaa gayaa thaa, yojana mein raayan kii bhoomika apramaanit haye. kuchh hafton baad oh 'railey koo aff. bee. aaee. dwara giraftar curr liya gayaa (way seane russell kii talash curr rahey they). unhone kahaa kii way rayan kii "faasivaad-virodhi saakh" seey avagat they aur halanki unake sampark aur bhaashaon key gyaan key kaaran "dushman" key liye upayogi hoga, unhein vishvaas naheen thaa kii vaha kabhi bhee faasivaad key liye kaam karega.
jahan taka sabooton kii baat haye, spanish jail seey riha honey key baad rayan ney apane raajneetik vichaaron koo naheen badala; francis stuart aur clissman iss parr sahmat hue. clissman key anusaar vaha apane poore jeevan mein "ack ayrish ganarajyavadi aur ack kushal samajwadi" baney rahey. haalaanki vaha nirash thaa kyonki vaha ireland key liye kuchh naheen curr sakata thaa. 1941 kii garmiyon key baad vaha ireland kii tatasthata kii raksha karane key liye chintit they aur unhone usa bindu parr dee valera kaa paksh liya. ireland mein apani raksha key liye hathiyaron kii kamee bhee thee-churchill ney ganarajya koo hathiyaron kii kissy bhee aapoorti koo roque diyaa thaa kyonki ireland bandargaahon koo naheen chhodega, aur americi pratibandh kaa ullanghan naheen karenge. churchill ney ireland key dakshin mein aakraman kaa bhee sanket diyaa thaa, aggar isaki aavashyakta hoti haye-una pareshan samay mein sabhi sambandhit logon key liye sochane key liye bahut kuchh thaa.
1941 mein rayan ney madrid mein ayrish mantri leopold kernie koo kaee patra likhe. ireland mein ghatnaaon kii nigrani karane aur rayan kii sthiti koo samajhane key liye germans dwara ise suvidhajanak banaaya gayaa thaa, kyonki soviyat sangh key aakraman key baad ireland koo tatasth rakhane kii aavashyakta badh gaee thee, aur rayan unaki nazaron mein teji seey mahatvapurna hotaa jaa rhaa thaa (vidambana yeh haye kii iss aakraman ney rayan koo german iradon key aur bhee adhik virodhi banaa diyaa). adhikansh mein, yadi sabhi naheen, tou inn patron mein unhone ireland lautane kii ichcha vyakt kii. navambar 1941 mein unhone likhaah 
aisee sthiti bhee hoe sakati haye (main hamesha nirashawadi rhaa) jisamen mujhe kuchh aisaa karane key liye kahaa jaa sakata haye joe mujhe pasand naheen haye. aisee sthiti-imandari seey kahein tou-atyadhik asambhav haye. lekin aggar kabhi aisaa honey kii sambhavana naheen thee...main gandi baat naheen karuungaa. aur jaba aap merey makbare kaa patthar lagaate hain, tou usey grenite (jaise kii merrie jiddi kapaal) kii samagri honey dein. (binaa kissy laabh key maine apane schooly dinon mein "khachchar" kaa upnaam arjit kiya!)
ack baar jaba 1942 mein uttari ireland mein tainaat americi sainikon dwara ireland parr ack daravana aakraman puuraa honey mein whiffle rhaa, tou rayan koo aage gupt abvehar aur videsh mantralaya kii yojanaon aur sanchaalan mein ack sambhaavit mission visheshagya key roop mein hataa diyaa gayaa. sanyukt raajya america mein prasaran key liye ireland mein "gahemsander" (gupt transmitter) prachaar abhiyaan kii vyavaharyata parr unaki raay key liye 1943 key anta mein unase sampark kiya gayaa thaa, lekin yojana kabhi bhee safal naheen hui. yeh bhee gyaat haye kii unhone shuru honey seey pahale unake saath francis stuart key radio prasaran parr charcha kii thee.
juuna 1944 mein dresden key loshwitz key ack aspatal mein unaki mrityu hoe gaee. dresden mein unake antim sanskar mein elizabeth clissman aur francis stuart ney bhaag liya. clissman ney antatah raayan key bhaagya kaa vivaran medrid mein leopold kernie koo bhej diyaa. stuart aur clissman key anusaar, mrityu kaa kaaran pleuricy aur pneumonia thaa.
antim sanskar.
1963 mein, itihaaskaar eno stephen ney german loktaantrik ganarajya key dresden mein raayan kii kabr kaa pataa lagaaya. antarrashtriya brigade key teen swayamsevakon, frank edwards, peater oh 'connor aur michael oh' reordon ney 1979 mein rayan key avasheshon koo vaapas laane key liye gaard off onar key roop mein purvi germany kii yatra kii. 21 juuna koo unake avashesh whitefrear street church mein pahunche-unake sthaaniya church jaba way doublin mein they. church ganatantravaadi aur vampanthi raay key sabhi rangon key saath-saath unake ateet key logon jaise kii stuart, clissman, peeder oh 'donnell (joe seva mein bolate they), george gillmore, aur duniya bhar key poorv-sathiyon aur sahaanubhooti rakhane vaalon seey bharaa huaa thaa. 1916 key mritakon kii yaad mein glesnavin kabristan key raaste mein cortez jee. pee. oh. mein ruka. unake taaboot koo spanish grih yuddh key ayrish diggajon, frank edwards, peater oh 'connor, michael oh' reordon aur terry flangun dwara glesnavin kabristan mein kabr parr leey jaaya gayaa thaa. cone lehan ney antim sanskar bhaashan diyaa jabaki ack piper ney "limeric kaa vilaap" bajaaya. usey amone mactomise key buggle mein dafnaya jaataa haye.

