
dusseldorf mein kurdish mukadama

dusseldorf mein kurdish mukadama (jise pee. key. key. trial key roop mein bhee jaanaa jaataa haye) ack pramukh mukadama thaa aur octuber 1989 seey march 1994 key beach kaa thaa. yeh iss mukadame key liye punarnirmit adalat mein huaa thaa. adalat kaksh koo mamle kii aavashyaktaon key anuroop anukoolit kiya jaanaa thaa, jisamen vakeelon aur prativaadiyon key beach baatchit key liye pandrah atirikt vishesh dibbon kii ack vyaapak raashi kii maang kii gaee thee. isake alawa mukadame mein maang kii gaee kii gavaahon, vakeelon aur nyayadhishon kii ghoshanaon jaisi adalati faailon kaa turkey, kurdish aur german bhaashaon mein anuvaad kiya jaanaa chaahiye.
prishthabhoomi.
german dair spiegel key anusaar julaai 1989 taka, prativaadiyon key samarthan mein 130 seey adhik abhivyaktiyaan aayojit kii gaee hain joe kabhi-kabhi bhookh hadtaal mein shamil hoe gaee theen. sitambar 1989 mein, kurdistan shramik party (pkk) key netaa abdullah oklan ney madhya poorv mein pkk dwara kii gaee mauton koo avaidh hatyaon key roop mein vargeekrit karane key liye abhiyojan kii aalochana kii, jabaki turkey adhikaariyon dwara kii gaee mauton koo ack sabhya rashtra kii aavashyakta key roop mein vargeekrit kiya. iss mamle ney prativaadiyon seey kaafee pratirodh aakarshit kiya, jinhone daavaa kiya kii mukadama ack pradarshan thaa, aur prativaadiyon key samarthan mein badee matra mein abhivyakti kaa kaaran thaa. octuber 1989 mein, pradarshankariyon ney peris mein german dutawas key bageeche parr asthaayi roop seey kabja curr liya.
buniyaadi dhancha.
mukadama curt ribman dwara bahut savdhani key saath taiyar kiya gayaa thaa, joe koee mauka naheen lena chaahte they. unhone 1989 key vasant mein hii nord raine-vesfalia key adhikaariyon seey sampark kiya, jisamen ullekh kiya gayaa kii ack badaa pareekshan taiyari mein thaa joe raajya kii vartamaan mein upalabdh kshamataon seey adhik prateet hotaa thaa. shuru mein unhone ack naee imarat banaane kii yojana banaai kyonki yeh baadar mainhoff complexes key pareekshan key liye kiya gayaa thaa. lekin isamen bahut lamba samay lagaa hoga, aur isaliye unhone dusseldorf key darbar kii ack gair-upayog kii jaane vaali imarat key navinikaran kaa vikalp chunaa. ack yojana, jisane rockets key khilaf imaraton kii chhat koo surakshit curr liya hotaa, koo khariz curr diyaa gayaa thaa, lekin prativaadiyon key liye plexiglass kaa ack pinjra taiyar kiya gayaa thaa aur imarat key sabhi nirmaataon kii prishthabhoomi kii jaanch kii jaayegi. ack upaay, joe aamtaur parr kewal jailon key nirmaan mein lagu kiya jaataa thaa. adalat kaksh mein usa samay (1989) aadhunik takniki suvidhaaen jaise anuvaadakon key liye dhwanirodhi kebin aur ack saath anuvaad key liye ack sthaapana kii ganana kii gaee thee.
mukadama.
mukadama.
sootron key aadhar parr, shuru mein 19 yaa 20 kurdon parr mukadama chalaaya gayaa thaa lekin kaee prativaadiyon koo riha curr diyaa gayaa thaa. shuruat mein, prativaadiyon kii poorv-mukadame kii hirasat kii shartein ack vishay thee, jise dusseldorf mein adalat dwara pradaan kiye gaye 57 niyamon dwara viniyamit kiya gayaa thaa. mukadame mein kull 350 dinon kaa vichaar-vimarsh shamil thaa, jisake dauran 200 seey adhik gavaahon kii sunavaai hui. lock abhiyojak (jarmanah "generalbundesonwalt)" curt ribman ney ise itihas kaa sabse badaa aatankvaad-mukadama kahaa.
abhiyojan paksh dwara daleelen.
abhiyojan paksh yeh dikhaana chaahata thaa kii prativaadiyon ney ack samanantar nyaay pranali kaa ayojan kiya aur tathaakathit logon yaa krantikari adalaton kii sthaapana kii, jinake paas logon koo maut kii sajaa dene kaa adhikaar thaa. abhiyojan paksh ney prativaadiyon koo kurdistan karyakarta dall (pkk) key sadasya maanaa. mukadame kii ginati germany mein pahale kanuni mukut gawah key saath bhee kii gaee. abhiyojan paksh kaa irada yeh saboot pradaan karna thaa kii prativaadi pee. key. key. key bheetar ack aatankvaadi sangathan kaa hissa they, joe germany mein kaee hatyaon key liye jimmedaar thaa. abhiyojan paksh ney german itihas mein pahale mukut gawah allie centiner kii ghoshanaon parr ginati kii. lekin unaki ghoshanaaen bahut madadgaar naheen theen aur 1992 taka, shuru mein abhiyukton mein seey kewal chaar koo giraftar kiya gayaa thaa aur dou koo mukadama lambit rahane parr riha curr diyaa gayaa thaa, jabaki aathh gayab hoe gaye they aur giraftari warrant key saath talashi lii gaee thee.
abhiyukton kii daleelen.
prativaadi mukadame seey pahale kii hirasat mein hirasat kii sharton seey sahmat naheen they aur bhookh hadtaal mein shamil hoe gaye. prativaadiyon key vakeelon ney iss tathya key roop mein sudhaar kii maang kii kii bhale hii turkey aur kurdish bolane vaale prativaadiyon koo 1 ghante kii dainik yatra kaa adhikaar haye, unhein 23 ghante key liye jail mein rakhaa jaataa haye, joe german prativaadiyon parr lagu honey vaale manakon kaa paalan naheen karate hain joe usee bhasha mein anya kaidiyon key saath baat curr sakate hain. adhikaariyon ney kissy bhee sudhaar seey incar curr diyaa, yeh daavaa karate hue kii germany mein ack mukadama abhee bhee prativaadiyon key liye behtar haye kii turkey koo pratyarpan kiya jaae. mukadame key charam parr, 36 bachaav karane vaale vakeel, chaar abhiyojak, duss anuvaadak aur prativaadi vichaar-vimarsh mein shamil they.
faisale.
7 march 1994 koo hassan guller aur allie akshas donon koo hatyaon key liye aajivan karawas kii sajaa sunai gaee thee. una parr pee. key. key. key adesh parr hatyaa karane kaa aarop lagaaya gayaa thaa. durran kalkan aur allie haider kayatan koo ack aatankvaadi sangathan mein shamil honey key liye kramshah 6 saal kii sajaa sunai gaee thee. donon koo unaki lambi poorv-sunavaai hirasat key kaaran riha curr diyaa gayaa thaa. berlias, lebnan mein hatyaon, jinamen seey haider kayatan parr aarop lagaaya gayaa thaa, koo faisale mein naheen maanaa gayaa kyonki nyayadhish iss nishkarsh parr pahunche kii hatyaaen ack lebnani maafi key tahat aatee hain joe lebnan key grih yuddh key dauran kiye gaye apraadhon koo shamil karati hain.
vivaad.
anuvaad.
mukadame mein ack nirantar mudda anuvaadak they jinhone kuchh gambhir galat anuvaad kiye joe aksar unhein barkhast karane kaa kaaran banate they.
mukut gawah.
abhiyojan paksh mukhya roop seey mukut gawah allie centiner kii ghoshanaon parr nirbhar thaa, jiss parr moorat bayarkali kii hatyaa kaa aarop lagaaya gayaa thaa. aamtaur parr ack hatyare koo doshi paae jaane parr aajivan karawas kii sajaa milati haye. lekin nae crown gawah kaanoon key kaaran joe juuna 1989 mein lock abhiyojak general curt ribman aur helmut cole kii sarkaar key samarthan seey pesh kiya gayaa thaa, centiner kewal kuchh varshon key faisale kaa intezar karega yadi badale mein vaha dusseldorf mein kurdish mukadame mein gawah hoga. antatah unhein 5 saal key karawas kii sajaa sunai gaee. tathya yeh haye kii abhiyojan paksh ney ack gawah kii madad sweekaar kii, jisane cumm sajaa key badale mein apane poorv sahyogiyon koo doshi thaharaaya, soshal democratic party (spd) herta dobbler-jimelin key german rajneta dwara aalochanatmak tippaniyan uthaai, jabaki donon, german baar association jaise nyayadhishon key german sangh ney crown gawah kaanoon kaa virodh kiya.
bachaav paksh key ack vakeel koo dosh dene kaa prayaas kiya.
adalat key kamare mein sunavaai key dauran hui ghatana key liye bachaav paksh key vakeel koo doshi thaharaane key liye abhiyojan paksh dwara kiye gaye pahale prayaas key liye bhee mamla jimmedaar thaa. edith lannebach koo yeh kahate hue uddhrit kiya gayaa thaa kii "aur aap hamaare sthaayi hain" (jarmanah "unda see sindh unsar sthaayi") jise abhiyojan paksh dwara pithasin nyayadhish jorg belkar key upman key roop mein dekhaa gayaa thaa. ack mamle key bheetar iss mamle kii sunavaai nyayadhish rainer achter dwara kii gaee thee, jinhone loonbakh koo burry curr diyaa aur sunavaai kaa protocol puuraa naheen honey key baare mein sunane key baad sakshya koo vaidh naheen maanaa.