hexis

hexis () ack apekshaakrit sthir vyavastha yaa swabhaav haye, udaaharan key liye kissy vyakti kaa swaasthya yaa gyaan yaa charitra. yeh ack pracheen yunani shabd haye, joe abhijaat varg key darshan mein mahatvapurna haye, aur iss vajah seey yeh darshan kaa ack paaramparik shabd bunn gayaa haye. yeh adhikaar yaa "honah" seey sambandhit ack kriya seey utpann hotaa haye, aur udaaharan key liye, jacob clain kaa anuvaad "adhikaar" key roop mein hotaa haye. iska aam taur parr aadhunik granthon mein kabhi-kabhi "raajya" (ee.jee., aich. rackham), lekin adhik baar "swabhaav" key roop mein.
samanya vivaran.
joe sax kaa anuvaad "sakriya sthiti" key roop mein kiya jaataa haye, taaki yeh sunishchit kiya jaa sakey kii "hexis" aatma kii nishkriya sthitiyon key saath bhramit naa hoe, jaise kii bhaavanaaen aur aaveg yaa kewal kshamataaen joe prakriti dwara hamaare hain. sax abhijaat varg key apane antar kii or ishara karate hain, udaaharan key liye "shreniyon" 8bee mein samajhaaya gayaa haye, joe "diethesis" shabd koo alag kartaa haye, jise aam taur parr nirvivaad roop seey swabhaav key roop mein anuvaadit kiya jaataa haye. iss parichhed mein, "diethesis" kewal nishkriya aur uthale swabhaav parr lagu hotaa haye jinhen hataana aur badalana aasaan hotaa haye, jaise kii germ yaa thandaa honah, jabaki "hexis" gahare aur adhik sakriya swabhaav key liye aarakshit haye, jaise kii kuchh iss tarah seey thheek seey jaanana kii ise aasaani seey naheen bhulaaya jaa sakata haye. aristotal mein maanav "hexis" kaa ack aur samanya udaaharan swaasthya haye (, yaa kabhi-kabhi, greek mein) aur aise mamalon mein jahaan swaasthya key sandarbh mein "hexis" kii charcha kii jaati haye, ise kabhi-kabhi "samvidhaan" key roop mein anuvaadit kiya jaataa haye.
manushya.
manushyon (jaise gyaan, swaasthya aur achche charitra) seey sambandhit sandarbhon mein apekshaakrit sthir yaa sthaayi honey kii aavashyakta key alawa, "hexis" koo aam taur parr anya swabhaav, sthitiyon aur aadton seey vipareet maanaa jaataa haye, kissy prakaar key prashikshan yaa anya aadton dwara "arjit" kiya jaataa haye.
plotinus key anusaar, sadgun aatma kaa ack shatkon haye joe mukhya roop seey abhyaas aur aadat seey sambandhit naheen haye; shatkon ack sakriya sthiti mein honey kaa ack guna haye joe buddhiman duniya key sthaayi chintan mein aatma koo bauddhik banaata haye. vi.8.5.3-37).
anya upayog bhee hotey hain, udaaharan key liye ise kabhi-kabhi "aadat" key roop mein anuvaadit kiya jaataa haye, joe yunani seey lattin "aadat" mein shaastriya anuvaad parr adharit haye, joe ack kriya seey bhee aataa haye joe honey kaa sanket detaa haye.
lattin shabd kaa upayog angreji mein bhee kiya jaataa haye aur isake parinamswarup "aadat" udaaharan key liye samajshastra mein bhee upayog kiya jaane vaalaa shabd haye.
abhijaat.
vaastav mein ack nishchit sthiti mein honah, sthir honey key vipareet, iss shabd key mool abhijaat prayog mein nihit naheen haye. vaha "swaasthya" key "hexis" honey key udaaharan kaa upayog kartaa haye.
isaliye abhijaat varg key anusaar, ack "hexis" ack prakaar kaa "swabhaav" (diethesis) haye jiska vaha usee prakaar varnan kartaa haye...
aur vishesh roop seey yeh usa prakaar kaa swabhaav haye jisake aadhar parr ("katt 'hoe") jiss cheez kaa niptan kiya jaataa haye usey achchi tarah seey yaa buri tarah seey nipataaya jaataa haye, aur yaa tou swatantra roop seey yaa kissy aur cheez key sambandh mein.
jisake guna mein" shabd kaa varnan bhee usee parichhed mein kiya gayaa thaa...
taba abhijaat varg mein, ack "hexis" bhaagon kii ack vyavastha haye jisamen vyavastha utkrisht hoe sakati haye, achchi tarah seey vyavasthit hoe sakati haye, yaa isake vipareet, buri tarah seey vyavasthit hoe sakati haye. aristotal kii shreniyaan bhee dekhein jahan ack hexis (edghil key anuvaad mein "aadat") ack swabhaav ("diethesis") key vipareet haye kyonki yeh adhik sthaayi aur badalane mein cumm aasaan haye. diyaa gayaa udaaharan "gyaan" ("gyaan") haye.
shayed sabse mahatvapurna mamle mein, abhijaat varg ney nicomatchian naitikta mein "hexis" kii tulanaa "energy" (gatividhi yaa sanchaalan key arth mein) seey kii.viii.1098b33 aur eudemian naitikta II.i.1218b. yahaan vishay "eudemonia" thaa, maanav jeevan kaa uchit uddeshya, jiska aksar "khushi" key roop mein anuvaad kiya jaataa haye aur "hexis" "energia" (ενέργεια) key saath vipareet haye taaki "eudemonia" kii prastaavit paribhasha kii shuddhata koo dikhaaya jaa sakey-"gatividhi (ενέργεια) guna key anuroop"
sukh.
taba khushi ack guna haye, lekin charitra kaa guna (aksar "naitik guna" key roop mein anuvaadit) seey banaa hotaa haye. kahaa jaataa haye kii khushi koo divya kii tarah sammaan key yogya maanaa jaataa haye yadi ise vaastav mein praapt kiya jaae, jabaki charitra kaa guna, kewal ack sambhaavit upalabdhi honey key naate, prashansa kaa hakdar haye lekin cumm haye.
nayaa vasiyatnama.
...aur majboot key samanvaya mein paribhaashit kiya gayaa...

