
ferdinand ebner

ferdinand ebner (31 janwari 1882, weiner newstad mein-17 octuber 1931, gablitz, austriya mein), ack austriyai praathamik vidyalaya key shikshak aur daarshanik they. martin buber aur franz rosenzweig key saath, unhein samvaadaatmak soch key sabse utkrisht pratinidhiyon mein seey ack maanaa jaataa haye. ebner kaa darshan bhagwan aur dusaron key saath ack vyaktigat sambandh mein maujood manushya key baare mein haye. unake vichaar gabriel marcel key isai astitvaad key saath samaantaa rakhate hain. aaee aur tuu kii ekataa key aadhar parr, joe bhasha mein (boley gaye shabd mein) haye, aur isake bhaavon seey pyaar mein, ebner ney bhasha kaa ack dhaarmik roop seey soochit darshan vikasit kiya, jisase vyaktigat poorti aur sampoorn samajik pragati key aadhar key roop mein isai vishvaas kii unaki vyaavhaarik-naitik samajh vikasit hui.
jeevan aur kaary.
1897 mein, school kii padhaai poori karane key baad, ebner ney weiner newstad mein shikshakon key prashikshan college mein pravesh kiya. 1900 mein ack fefde kii bimari ney unhein apane pathyakram koo baadhit karane key liye majboor curr diyaa. unhein chaar saptah gleachenberg mein ack swaasthya resort mein bitaane padey aur phir paanch maheene fefadon key swaasthya kendra mein bitaane padey. unaki bahan josephine kii mrityu tapedik seey hui thee, unaki shaadi key ack saal baad hii. yuva chhaatr beemar aur udas mahsoos curr rhaa thaa. ack saal kii rukawat key baad ebner ney 1902 mein shikshak prashikshan mahavidyalaya mein sarvshreshth yogyata key saath apana adhyayan puuraa kiya. waldeg mein duss saal rahane key baad, 1912 mein unaki naukari ebner koo vienna key paas gablitz leey gaee, jahan seey way phir seey vienni saanskritik drishya mein sharan leey sakate they. unhone poore dinn vienna key churchon, sangrahalayon, sangeet karyakram holl, theatres aur coffey houses mein jaate hue bitaaye. vahaan, unhone doston aur parichiton key saath charcha kii, aur ghanton taka khud koo "dye facale" aur "brainer" mein visarjit curr diyaa.
ebner ney apana puuraa jeevan daarshanik aur dhaarmik muddon seey nipata. way ack mahaan paathak theh saahitya, darshan, manovigyaan. unhone otto weininger key "sex aind carector" koo padhaa, baad mein pascal, arther shopenhower, soren keyercagard aur friedrich neetshe, kuchh naam. unakaa pahala daarshanik kaary "naitikta aur jeevanah vyaktigat astitva key ack tatvamimansa key tukade" (1913-1914) 2013 taka aprakaashit rhaa. unakaa pramukh kaam "shabd aur aadhyatmik vaastavikataaenh vayuvaigyaanik tukade" haye. yeh 1921 mein ludwig wonn fickrus brainer-verlag dwara prakaashit kiya gayaa thaa. unhone fickrus brainer sameeksha mein kuchh aur lekh prakaashit kiye. ludwig wonn ficker ebner kii mrityu taka apane sabse achche doston mein seey ack rahey.
1923 mein ebner anichha seey school key pramukh bunn gaye, lekin unhein aage kii beemariyon aur avasaad key kaaran jald hii sevaanivritt honah padaa, jisake kaaran unhone aatmahatya key dou prayaas kiye. sanitorium burg hertenstein mein rahane key baad, unhone apani sahakarmi maria mijera seey shaadi kii. unakaa ack betaa thaa, walter ebner. ebner kii mrityu tapedik seey gablitz mein hui, jahan unhein 1931 mein dafnaya gayaa thaa. marane seey pahale unake paas apana mahatvapurna kaam "afforisman 1931" puuraa karane kaa samay thaa.
ebner kii sampatti inbrook mein brainer-archive mein sthit haye.
ibner key kaam kaa maanav gyaan key kaee kshetron mein aur isai vishvaas kii aadhunik samajh mein mahatvapurna prabhaav padaa haye. jaisa kii moltman ney apane "aashaa key dharamshastra" mein kahaa, ebner ney "vartamaan mein anant kaal key tootane" ("scriptain" i, 259,912) key baare mein baat karane key liye pascal aur kierkegaard key vichaar kaa upayog kiya. aisaa karate hue ebner prarthana key mahatva aur dhaarmik vishvaas key nirnay koo ingit karna chaahte they. lekin ebner vahaan naheen ruka aur yeeshu masih key punrutthan key bhagwan (i, 568; ii, 625) kii pushti karane key liye chalaa gayaa, "ishwariya pratigya" (i, 432,447,610) key "vaadaa kiye gaye moksh" key bhagwan, "ishwar key raajya" (i, 609) key, taaki yeeshu masih mein hamaare vishvaas mein hamaare isai "bhavishya mein vaidh aashaa" (i, 568) haye. yeeshu masih ebner key liye haye, jaisa kii susamachar kahata haye, "duniya kaa prakaash" (i, 570) jaba taka vaha vaapas naheen aataa haye, taba taka "doosara aaney" (i, 302-303). manushya kii jimmedaari aur kaary haye "ishwar key raajya koo sthaapit karane mein madad karna" (i, 573: "dye herschuft goats africton joo helfen"). ibner key vyaktigatata aur dhaarmik vichaar ney protestant aur catholic duniya donon koo prabhaavit kiya haye. brunner, dee. bonhofer aur jurgen moltman seey key. rainer, aich. kaang aur jey. ratzinger.
pratham vishva yuddh kii dukhad ghatnaaon key dauran, ebner ney maanav jeevan aur maanav itihas key arth koo samajhane key liye "samay key sanketon" ("mait" 16,3) koo samajhane kii koshish kii. "aatma key baare mein sapana dekhana" jaisa kii aksar purush karate hain, sahee jawab naheen thaa. ishwar key saath vaastavik sambandh key binaa aaee-solitude (ichancemkeet) mein, humm vibhinn saanskritik abhivyaktiyon mein aatma kaa sapana dekhate hain. lekin jaba sahee aaee-yuu kaa saamana hotaa haye tou humm abb alag siddhant aur abhyaas naheen karate hain, kyonki humm 25,40 koo samajhane mein saksham hainh "jaisa kii aapane merey inn sabse cumm bhaaiyon mein seey ack key saath kiya, aapane merey saath kiya. (aaee, 268). bhagwan aur hamaare padosi key saath ack vaastavik, sachche rishte mein rahane kaa matlab haye "aadhyatmik vaastaviktaon" key prati jaagana, joe hamaare "aatma key sapane" kaa anta haye. isaliye purush rachanaatmak hoe sakate hain aur nyaay aur ekjutata koo bhoole binaa ack behtar samaaj key liye kaam curr sakate hain, bhaai koo jarurat haye.

