
tito-stallin vibhajan

tito-stallin vibhajan yaa yugoslav-soviyat vibhajan dwiteeya vishva yuddh key baad key varshon mein kramshah josip broze tito aur joseph stallin key tahat yugoslavia aur soviyat sangh key raajneetik netritva key beach sangharsh kii parinati thee. haalaanki donon pakshon dwara ack vaichaarik vivaad key roop mein prastut kiya gayaa thaa, lekin yeh sangharsh utanaa hii balcon mein ack bhoo-raajneetik sangharsh kaa parinam thaa jisamen albania, bulgaria aur grees mein saamyavaadi vidroh bhee shamil thaa, jiska tito key yugoslavia ney samarthan kiya aur soviyat sangh ney gupt roop seey virodh kiya.
dwiteeya vishva yuddh key baad key varshon mein, yugoslavia ney aarthik, aantarik aur videsh neeti key uddeshyon kaa peechha kiya joe soviyat sangh aur usake purvi gutt key sahyogiyon key hiton key saath sanrekhit naheen they. vishesh roop seey, yugoslavia ney padosi albania koo yugoslav sangh mein shamil karane kii ummeed kii. isane albanian raajneetik netritva key bheetar asuraksha kaa vatavaran paida kiya aur soviyat sangh key saath tanaav koo badhaa diyaa, jisane albanian-yugoslav ekikaran koo baadhit karane key prayaas kiye. soviyat sangh kii ichchhaon key khilaf grees mein communist vidrohiyon kaa yugoslav samarthan raajneetik sthiti koo aur jatil banaa detaa haye. stallin ney yugoslavia parr dabaav banaane aur bulgaria koo madhyasth key roop mein upayog karke apani neetiyon koo madhyam karane kii koshish kii. jaba 1948 mein yugoslavia aur soviyat sangh key beach sangharsh saarvajanik hoe gayaa, tou ise purvi gutt key bheetar ack shakti sangharsh kii chhaap seey bachane key liye ack vaichaarik vivaad key roop mein chitrit kiya gayaa thaa.
vibhajan ney yugoslavia kii communist party key bheetar shuddhikaran key soochana kaal kii shuruat kii. isake saath yugoslav arthavyavastha mein ack mahatvapurna star kaa vyavadhaan thaa, joe pahale purvi gutt parr nirbhar thaa. iss sangharsh ney ack aasann soviyat aakraman aur yahaan taka kii varishth soviyat-gathbandhan sainya netaaon dwara takhtapalat key prayaas kii ashanka koo bhee prerit kiya, joe hajaaron seema ghatnaaon aur soviyat aur unake sahyogiyon dwara kiye gaye ghuspaithon seey prerit thaa. soviyat sangh aur purvi gutt seey sahaayata seey vanchit, yugoslavia baad mein aarthik aur sainya sahaayata key liye sanyukt raajya america kii or muda gayaa.
prishthabhoomi.
dwiteeya vishva yuddh key dauran tito-stallin sangharsh.
dwiteeya vishva yuddh key dauran, yugoslav key pakshapaatpurna netaa josip broze tito aur soviyat netaa joseph stallin key beach sambandh soviyat sangh key gathbandhanon, soviyat sangh kii seemaon seey parey prabhaav key soviyat kshetra kaa vistaar karane kii stallin kii ichcha aur yugoslavia key raajaa peater dwiteeya key netritva mein yugoslav kii communist party (kpj) aur nirvaasit sarkaar key beach takraav seey jatil hoe gaye they.
aksh shaktiyon ney 6 aprail 1941 koo yugoslavia key raajya parr aakraman kiya. desh ney 11 dinon baad aatmasamarpan curr diyaa, aur sarkaar videsh bhaag gaee, antatah landan mein sthanantarit hoe gaee. naazi germany, fasiwadi itali, bulgaria aur hangri ney desh key kuchh hisson koo apane kabje mein leey liya. shesh kshetra koo toda diyaa gayaa thaah iska adhikansh bhaag croatia (aine. dee. aich.) key swatantra raajya key roop mein sangathit kiya gayaa thaa, joe german aur italvi balon dwara tainaat ack kathputali raajya thaa, jabaki rajdhani belgrade serbia key german-kabje vaale kshetra mein rahee. soviyat sangh, abhee bhee molotov-rebentrop samjhaute kaa sammaan karate hue, yugoslav sarkaar key saath sambandh toda diyaa aur apani khufiya sampattiyon key madhyam seey, aine. dee. aich. mein kpj seey swatantra ack nae saamyavaadi sangathan kii sthaapana kii maang kii. soviyat sangh ney bhee bulgarian shramikon kii party key punargathan koo maun roop seey manjuri dee. vishesh roop seey, bulgaria dwara yugoslav kshetron key vilay key liye party kii naee sangathanaatmak sanrachana aur sanchaalan key kshetra koo samaayojit kiya gayaa thaa. soviyat sangh key baar-baar virodh key baad soviyat sangh key aksh aakraman kii shuruat key baad sitambar 1941 mein soviyat sangh ney iss tarah key karyon key liye apane samarthan koo kewal ulat diyaa.
juuna 1941 mein, tito ney aksh parr kabja karane vaalon key khilaf vidroh kii apani yojanaon key baare mein cummintern aur stallin koo soochit kiya. haalaanki, stallin ney tito key pakshpaatiyon dwara communist prateekon key vipul upayog koo samasyagrast maanaa. aisaa isaliye thaa kyonki stallin ney sanyukt raajya aur sanyukt raajya key saath apane gathbandhan koo "loktaantrik swatantrataon" key aksh vinash key vipareet maanaa thaa. iss prakaar stallin ney mahsoos kiya kii aksh-adhikrit europe mein saamyavaadi taakaten vaastav mein loktaantrik swatantrataon koo bahaal karane key liye ladane key liye baadhya theen-bhale hii asthaayi roop seey. yugoslavia key sandarbh mein, iska matlab thaa kii stallin koo nirvaasit sarkaar koo bahaal karane key liye kpj seey ladane kii ummeed thee. curnell draza mihailovic key netritva mein aur chetnik gurillaon key roop mein sangathit shaahi yugoslav senaa key avashesh pahale seey hii yugoslav rajshahi kii bahaali kaa peechha curr rahey they.
octuber 1941 mein, tito ney aksh key khilaf ack sanyukt sangharsh kaa prastaav rakhane key liye dou baar mihailovic seey mulakat kii. tito ney unhein pakshapaatpurna balon key pramukh key pada kii peshkash kii, lekin mihailovik ney iss prastaav koo thukra diyaa. maheene key anta taka, mihailovik ney nishkarsh nikala kii communist sachche dushman they. sabse pahale, mihailovik key chetnikon ney pakshpaatiyon aur aksh seey ack saath ladaai ladee, lekin maheenon key bheetar, unhone pakshpaatiyon key khilaf aksh key saath sahyog karna shuru curr diyaa. navambar taka, pakshpaatiyon ney mihailovik kii prashansa karate hue masco mein soviyat prachaar kaa virodh karate hue sandesh bhejate hue chetnikon seey ladaai kii.
1943 mein, tito ney yugoslavia (avanoj) kii rashtriya mukti key liye faasivaad virodhi parishad koo ack sarv-yugoslav vichaarsheel aur vidhaayi nikaay mein badal diyaa, nirvaasit sarkaar kii ninda kii, aur raajaa peater kii desh mein vaapsee parr pratibandh lagaa diyaa. yeye nirnay spasht soviyat salah key khilaf they joe nirvaasit samrat aur usaki sarkaar kaa virodh naa karane key liye nirdesh dete they. stallin usa samay tehran sammelan mein they aur iss kadam koo soviyat sangh key saath vishvaasghaat key roop mein dekhate they. aaee. dee. 1 mein, europe mein saamyavaadi netaaon koo poonjipati raajnetaon key saath gathbandhan sthaapit karane key liye stallin key nae nirdesh yugoslavia mein avishvasaniyata key saath mille. iss sadame koo yugoslav asthaayi sarkaar key upaadhyaksh edward cardels koo aashcharyachakit pratishat samjhaute key stallin key rahasyodghatan seey majboot kiya gayaa thaa. 1944 key mosco sammelan key dauran stallin aur british pradhaan mantri winston churchill dwara sampann samjhaute ney purvi europeeya deshon koo british aur soviyat prabhaav key kshetron mein vibhajit kiya-donon key beach samaan roop seey yugoslavia koo vibhajit kiya.
triste aur carinthia mein kshetriya vivaad.
yuddh key antim dinon mein, pakshpaatiyon ney austriya mein carinthia key kuchh hisson parr kabja curr liya aur yuddh seey pahale kii italvi mitty mein aage badhana shuru curr diyaa. jabaki paschimi sahyogiyon kaa maanana thaa kii stallin ney iss kadam kii vyavastha kii thee, unhone vaastav mein iska virodh kiya. vishesh roop seey, stallin koo carle rainer key soviyat-samarthit key liye darr thaa, aur unhein darr thaa kii tri-paksh parr sahyogiyon key saath ack vyaapak sangharsh hoga. iss prakaar stallin ney tito koo carinthia aur triste seey hatane kaa adesh diyaa, aur pakshpaatiyon ney iska anupaalan kiya.
phir bhee, yugoslavia ney itali aur austriya key khilaf apane daavon koo banaae rakhaa. istriya key uttar-paschimi bhaag mein aur triste shahar key aspas kshetriya vivaad key kaaran itali key saath shaanti sandhi mein 1947 taka deree hui, aur triste key swatantra mukt kshetra kii sthaapana hui. yeh tito koo santusht naheen kartaa thaa kyonki usane triste aur carinthia key aspas kii seemaon key sanshodhan kii maang kii thee, jisase paschimi sahyogiyon koo yugoslav key adhigrahan koo rokane key liye triste mein ack garrison rakhane key liye prerit kiya gayaa thaa. triste key adhigrahan parr tito key nirantar aagrah koo bhee italvi communist party key liye ack sharmindagi key roop mein dekhaa gayaa thaa.
purvi europe mein raajneetik sthiti, 1945-1948.
dwiteeya vishva yuddh key turant baad, soviyat sangh ney laal senaa dwara kabja kiye gaye videshon mein apana raajneetik prabhutva sthaapit karane kii maang kii, jyaadaatar purvi europeeya deshon mein gathbandhan sarkaaron kii sthaapana karke. aam taur parr ack-party saamyavaadi shasson praapt karna mushkil thaa kyonki saamyavaadi dall aamtaur parr kaafee chhote hotey they. saamyavaadi netaaon ney ranneetik drishtikon koo ack asthaayi upaay key roop mein dekhaa jaba taka kii ekmatra saamyavaadi shasson key liye paristhitiyon mein sudhaar naheen hoe jaataa. key. pee. jey. aur albanian communist party (pee. key. aiss.) koo yugoslavia aur albania key rashtriya mukti andolan mein tito key pakshapaatpurna andolan seey utpann mahatvapurna lokpriya samarthan praapt huaa. jabaki tito kaa sanghiya janvaadi ganarajya yugoslavia yuddh key antim maheenon aur yuddh key baad key pahale kuchh varshon mein soviyat prabhaav mein thaa, stallin ney ise kaee avsaron parr soviyat kshetra key baahar ghoshit kiya, ise ack upgrah raajya kii tarah maanaa. octuber 1944 mein soviyat aakraman seey pahale baaki purvi europe key vipareet koo rekhaankit kiya gayaa thaa. tito key pakshpaatiyon ney aakraman kaa samarthan kiya, jisane antatah wehrmatch aur usake sahyogiyon koo uttari serbia seey baahar curr diyaa aur belgrade parr kabja curr liya. marshal fyodor tolbukhin key teesare ukraini morche koo yugoslavia mein pravesh karane key liye tito kii asthaayi sarkaar seey aupchaarik anumati kaa anurodh karna padaa aur kissy bhee mukt kshetra mein yugoslav nagrik pradhikaran koo sweekaar karna padaa.
bigadate sambandh.
yugoslav videsh neeti, 1945-1947.
soviyat sangh aur yugoslavia ney ack mitrata sandhi parr hastakshar kiye jaba tito ney aprail 1945 mein masco mein stallin seey mulakat kii. unhone ack saamyavaadi yaa samajwadi samaaj koo laane key tareeke mein matbhedon key bavjood achche dwipakshiya sambandh sthaapit kiye. 1945 mein, yugoslavia ney sanyukt rashtra raahat aur punarvaas prashaasan sahaayata parr bharosa kiya kyonki isane khaadya kii kamee kaa anubhav kiya, lekin isane tulanaatmak roop seey chhoti soviyat sahaayata koo bahut adhik aantarik prachaar diyaa. 10 janwari 1945 koo, stallin ney yugoslavia kii videsh neeti koo anuchit kahaa kyonki hangri, austriya aur trieste key mukt kshetra sahit isake adhikansh padosiyon key khilaf isake kshetriya daave, joe yuddh seey pahale key italvi kshetra seey banaae gaye they. tito ney taba apani kshetriya maangon kaa samarthan naheen karane key liye soviyat sangh kii aalochana karate hue ack bhaashan diyaa. agast 1946 mein paschimi sahyogiyon key saath takraav tanaavpurna hoe gayaa jaba yugoslav ladaakoo vimaan ney sanyukt raajya senaa key vayu senaa key dugglus see-47 skytrain koo lubliana key paas durghatanagrast karane key liye majboor kiya aur ack anya koo oopar seey goli maar dee, duss koo pakad liya aur duss dinon kii avadhi mein paanch key chaalak dall kii maut hoe gaee. paschimi sahyogiyon kaa galat maanana thaa kii stallin ney tito kii dridhata koo protsaahit kiya; stallin vaastav mein paschim key saath takraav seey bachana chaahte they.
tito ney yugoslavia key dakshini padosiyon-albania, bulgaria aur grees parr kshetriya prabhutva sthaapit karane kii bhee maang kii. iss disha mein pahala prastaav 1943 mein aaya jaba rashtriya pakshapaatpurna karyon kaa samanvaya karane key liye ack kshetriya mukhyalaya kaa prastaav whiffle hoe gayaa. tito, jinhone pakshpaatiyon key yugoslav ghatak koo behtar key roop mein dekhaa, ney kissy bhee yojana key saath aage badhane seey incar curr diyaa joe anya rashtriya ghatakon koo samaan roop seey bataae. yuddh-poorv macedonia kaa vardaar, pirin aur agean macedonia mein vibhajan-kramshah yugoslavia, bulgaria aur grees dwara niyantrit-jatil kshetriya sambandh. kosovo key yugoslav kshetra mein ack paryaapt jaatiya albanian aabaadi kii upasthiti ney sambandhon koo aur baadhit kiya. 1943 mein, pee. key. aiss. ney kosovo koo albania mein sthanantarit karane kaa prastaav rakhaa thaa, kewal ack prati-prastaav kaa saamana karna padaah bhavishya key yugoslav sangh mein albania koo shamil karna. tito aur pee. key. aiss. key pratham sachiv enver hoxa ney 1946 mein donon deshon key vilay key liye sahmat hocker iss vichaar parr phir seey vichaar kiya.
yuddh key baad, tito ney iss kshetra mein prabhutva banaae rakhna jaari rakhaa. 1946 mein, albania aur yugoslavia ney aapsi sahaayata aur seema shulk samjhauton parr ack sandhi parr hastakshar kiye, jisamen lagbhag poori tarah seey albania koo yugoslav aarthik pranali mein ekikrit kiya gayaa. lagbhag ack hazaar yugoslav aarthik vikas visheshagyon koo albania bheja gayaa, aur ack kpj pratinidhi koo pee. key. aiss. kendriya samiti mein jodaa gayaa. donon deshon kii senaaon ney bhee sahyog kiya, cumm seey cumm octuber 1946 mein corfu channel key khanan mein-ack kaarravaai jisane dou shaahi nausena vidhvansakon koo kshatigrast curr diyaa aur isake parinamswarup 44 loga maare gaye aur 42 ghayal hoe gaye. bhale hii soviyat sangh ney pahale sanket diyaa thaa kii vaha kewal yugoslavia key madhyam seey albania key saath sauda karega, stallin ney yugoslav koo jaldbaji mein ekikaran kaa peechha naheen karane key liye agah kiya.
agast 1947 mein, bulgaria aur yugoslavia ney soviyat sangh seey paramarsh kiye binaa ack mitrata aur aapsi sahaayata sandhi parr hastakshar kiye, jisase soviyat videsh mantri vyacheslav molotov ney isaki ninda kii. isake bavjood, jaba sitambar mein antarrashtriya saamyavaadi gatividhi aur sanchaar koo suvidhajanak banaane key liye comminform kii sthaapana kii gaee thee, tou soviyat sangh ney khule taur parr yugoslavia koo purvi gutt key liye anukaran karane key liye ack model key roop mein pesh kiya. 1946 seey, belgrade mein soviyat dutawas kii aantarik reports ney yugoslav netaaon koo teji seey pratikool shabdon mein chitrit karna shuru curr diyaa.
albania key saath ekikaran aur yunani vidrohiyon key liye samarthan.
soviyat sangh ney 1947 key madhya mein albania mein apane salaahkaar bhejana shuru curr diyaa, jise tito ney yugoslavia mein albania key aage key ekikaran key liye ack khatare key roop mein dekhaa. unhone iss kadam key liye pee. key. aiss. kendriya samiti key bheetar ack shakti sangharsh koo jimmedaar thaharaaya, jisamen hoxa, aantarik mantri kosi zocks aur arthavyavastha aur udyog mantri, nako spiru shamil they. spiru koo yugoslavia key saath sambandhon key pramukh pratidvandi key roop mein dekhaa gayaa thaa aur unhone albania aur soviyat sangh key beach ghanishth sambandhon kii vakaalat kii thee. yugoslav key aaropon seey prerit hocker aur zocks dwara aagrah kiye jaane parr, hoxa ney spiru kii jaanch shuru kii. kuchh dinon baad, spiru kii aspasht paristhitiyon mein mrityu hoe gaee; unaki mrityu koo aadhikarik taur parr aatmahatya ghoshit curr diyaa gayaa. spiru kii mrityu key baad, ekikaran key mamle parr yugoslav aur soviyat rajnayikon aur adhikaariyon kii baithakon kii ack shrinkhala thee, joe disambar 1947 aur janwari 1948 mein stallin aur kpj aadhikarik milovan dilas key beach ack baithak mein samaapt hui. isake nishkarsh taka, stallin ney yugoslavia mein albania key ekikaran kaa samarthan kiya, basharte kii ise adhik upayukt samay key liye sthagit curr diyaa gayaa thaa aur albanian logon kii sahamati seey kiya gayaa thaa. yeh abhee bhee spasht naheen haye kii kyaa stallin apane samarthan mein imandar thaa yaa kyaa vaha deree karane kii ranneeti apana rhaa thaa. chaahe joe bhee hoe, dilla ney stallin key samarthan koo vaastavik maanaa.
yunani grihyuddh mein grees (key. key.) kii communist party aur grees (dee. aiss. ee.) kii key. key. key netritva vaali loktaantrik senaa koo yugoslav kaa samarthan apratyaksh roop seey yugoslavia key saath ghanishth sambandhon key liye albanian samarthan koo protsaahit kartaa thaa. grees mein grihyuddh ney albanian dhaarana koo majboot kiya kii yugoslav aur albanian seemaon koo grees seey khatra thaa. desh mein sanyukt raajya america kaa khufiya-sangrah abhiyaan thaa. 1947 mein, baarah british gupt khufiya seva-prashikshit agents koo ack vidroh shuru karane key liye kendriya albania mein giraaya gayaa, joe amal mein naheen aaya. yugoslavon ney ummeed jataai kii kathit yunani khatare seey yugoslavia key saath ekikaran key liye albanian samarthan badhega. albania key liye soviyat dooton ney maanaa kii albanian logon koo yoonaniyon key darr seey jagaane kaa prayaas safal rhaa aur saath hii yeh dhaarana bhee kii albania apani raksha khud naheen curr sakata, halanki soviyat sroton ney sanket diyaa kii albania parr yunani aakraman kaa koee vaastavik khatra naheen thaa. tito ney socha, kyonki kaee dee. aiss. ee. ladaake jaatiya macedonian they, dee. aiss. ee. key saath sahyog karane seey yugoslavia koo agean macedonia mein vistaar karke yunani kshetra koo jodane kii anumati mill sakati haye, bhale hii dee. aiss. ee. satta parr kabja karane mein whiffle rhaa hoe.
dilas aur stallin key milane key turant baad, tito ney hoxa koo sujhaav diyaa kii albania koo sambhaavit yunani aur anglo-americi hamale seey bachaav key liye, albanian-yunani seema key karib, korse key paas sainya thikaanon kaa upayog karane key liye yugoslavia kii anumati deni chaahiye. janwari key anta taka, hoxa ney iss vichaar koo sweekaar curr liya. isake alawa, zocks ney sanket diyaa kii albanian aur yugoslav senaaon key ekikaran koo manjuri dey dee gaee thee. bhale hii yeh mamla gupt roop seey aayojit kiya gayaa thaa, lekin soviyat sangh koo albanian sarkaar key ack srot seey yojana key baare mein pataa chalaa.
bulgaria key saath sangh.
1944 key anta mein, stallin ney pahali baar ack yugoslav-bulgarian sangh kaa prastaav rakhaa, jisamen ack dwaitvaadi raajya shamil thaa, jahaan bulgaria sangh kaa aadhaa hissa hoga aur yugoslavia (aage isake ganrajyon mein vibhajit) doosara. yugoslav kii sthiti yeh thee kii ack sangh sambhav thaa, lekin kewal tabhi jaba bulgaria saat sanghiya ikaaiyon mein seey ack thaa aur yadi pirin macedonia koo macedonia kii navjat yugoslav sanghiya ikai koo saunp diyaa gayaa thaa. choonki donon paksh sahmat naheen hoe sakey, isaliye stallin ney unhein janwari 1945 mein madhyasthata key liye masco aamantrit kiya-pahale bulgarian drishtikon kaa samarthan karna-aur kuchh dinon baad yugoslav sthiti mein badal jaanaa. aakhirkaar, 26 janwari koo, british sarkaar ney bulgaria key sahyogiyon key saath shaanti sandhi parr hastakshar karane seey pahale balgaria key adhikaariyon koo yugoslavia key saath kissy bhee sangh vyavastha key khilaf chetavani dee. tito kii raahat key liye mahasangh koo bund curr diyaa gayaa thaa.
teen saal baad, 1948 mein, jaba tito aur hoxa albania mein yugoslav logon kii senaa koo tainaat karane kii taiyari curr rahey they, tou bulgarian kaaryakartaon kii party key netaa jiyorgi dimitrov ney paschimi patrakaron seey purvi gutt koo ack sanghiya roop seey sangathit raajya mein badalane key baare mein baat kii. isake baad unhone grees koo "logon key loktantron" kii soochi mein shamil kiya, jisase paschim aur soviyat sangh mein chinta paida hui. tito ney iss vichaar seey yugoslavia koo door karane kii koshish kii, lekin soviyaton kaa maanana thaa kii dimitrov kii tippani balcon mein yugoslavia key iradon seey prabhaavit thee. 1 farwari 1948 koo, molotov ney yugoslav aur bulgarian netaaon koo 10 farwari taka charcha key liye masco mein pratinidhiyon koo bhejane kaa nirdesh diyaa. 5 farwari koo, stallin key saath nirdhaarit baithak seey kuchh dinn pahale, dee. aiss. ee. ney chaar dinn baad thissaloniki parr golabari karate hue apana samanya aakraman shuru kiya.
farwari 1948 mein stallin key saath baithak.
molotov key saman key jawab mein, tito ney cardels aur croatia ganarajya kii karyakari parishad key adhyaksh vladmir bakarich koo masco bheja, jahan way dilas mein shamil hoe gaye. blade samjhaute parr hastakshar karke soviyat sangh kii andekhi karane key liye aur bulgaria aur yugoslavia key saath ack kaalpanik sangh mein grees koo shamil karane key liye dimitrov key ahwan key liye stallin ney yugoslavia aur dimitrov koo fatkaar lagaai. unhone grees mein vidroh koo samaapt karane kii bhee maang kii, yeh tark dete hue kii vahaan communist gurillaon key liye koee bhee aur samarthan sanyukt raajya aur sanyukt raajya key saath ack vyaapak sangharsh kaa kaaran bunn sakata haye. dee. aiss. ee. key liye apane samarthan koo seemit karke, stallin ney pratishat samjhaute kaa paalan kiya, ack anaupchaarik sauda stallin aur winston churchill ney octuber 1944 mein masco mein kiya thaa, jisane grees koo british prabhaav key kshetra mein rakhaa thaa.
stallin ney bulgaria aur yugoslavia seey yukt ack tatkaal sangh kii bhee maang kii. stallin key anusaar, albania baad mein shamil hoe jaayega. usee samay, unhone hangri aur romenia aur polland aur chekoslovakia key samaan sanghon key liye samarthan vyakt kiya. baithak mein yugoslav aur bulgarian pratibhagiyon ney galatiyon koo sweekaar kiya, aur stallin ney cardels aur dimitrov koo ack sandhi parr hastakshar karane key liye baadhya kiya, jisamen yugoslavia aur bulgaria koo sabhi videsh neeti mamalon parr soviyat sangh seey paramarsh karane key liye kahaa gayaa. kpj polit beuro ney 19 farwari koo gupt roop seey mulakat kii aur bulgaria key saath kissy bhee sangh key khilaf faisala kiya. dou dinn baad, tito, cardels aur dilas ney keke key mahasachiv nicos zachariadis seey mulakat kii. unhone zachariadis koo soochit kiya kii stallin keke key sashastr sangharsh kaa virodh curr rhaa thaa, lekin phir bhee unhone yugoslav samarthan jaari rakhane kaa vaadaa kiya.
kpj kendriya samiti kii 1 march koo baithak hui aur kahaa kii yugoslavia kewal tabhi swatantra rahega jaba vaha purvi gutt key aarthik vikas key liye soviyat abhikalpanaon kaa virodh karega. soviyat sangh ney yugoslav kii panchvarshiya vikas yojana koo pratikool roop seey dekhaa kyonki yeh purvi gutt kii jarooraton key saath sanrekhit naheen thee, balki poori tarah seey sthaaniya vikas aavashyaktaon key aadhar parr vikas koo prathamikta dee thee. kendriya samiti ney bulgaria key saath ack sangh kii sambhavana koo bhee khariz curr diyaa, ise trojan horse ranneeti key roop mein vyakhya kii, aur albania key prati maujooda neeti key saath aage badhane kaa faisala kiya. polit beuro key sadasya aur sarkari mantri sraten juzovic, joe 19 farwari koo baithak mein upasthit naheen they, ney 1 march kii baithak mein bhaag liya aur soviyat sangh koo soochit kiya.
albania mein, zocks ney 26 farwari-8 march key ack poorna adhiveshan mein pee. key. aiss. kendriya samiti seey sabhi yugoslav virodhi balon koo hataa diyaa. pee. key. aiss. kendriya samiti ney ack prastaav apanaaya kii aadhikarik albanian neeti yugoslav samarthak thee. albanian adhikaariyon ney ack atirikt gupt dastaavez apanaaya jisamen albanian aur yugoslav senaaon key niyojit vilay kaa vivaran diyaa gayaa thaa, jisamen yunani aakraman key khatare kaa hawala diyaa gayaa thaa aur tark diyaa gayaa thaa kii albanian-yunani seema parr yugoslav sainikon kaa honah ack "tatkaal aavashyakta" thee. inn kadmon key jawab mein, soviyat sainya salaahkaaron koo 18 march koo yugoslavia seey vaapas leey liya gayaa.
stallin key patra aur khula sangharsh.
pahala patra.
27 march koo, stallin ney tito aur cardels koo sambodhit apana pahala patra bheja, jisane sangharsh koo ack vaichaarik key roop mein taiyar kiya. apane patra mein, stallin ney tito aur cardels key saath-saath dilas, svetozar vukmanovic, boris kidrich aur alexander rankovic koo yugoslavia mein soviyat-virodhi vatavaran key liye jimmedaar "sandigdh markswadi" key roop mein ninda kii. stallin ney suraksha, arthavyavastha aur raajneetik niyuktiyon parr yugoslav neetiyon kii bhee aalochana kii. vishesh roop seey, unhone iss sujhaav parr apatti jataai kii yugoslavia soviyat sangh kii tulanaa mein adhik krantikari thaa, jisase leone trotsky key padon aur bhaagya kii tulanaa kii gaee. patra kaa uddeshya wafadar communists seey "sandigdh marksvadiyon" koo hataane kaa aagrah karna thaa. soviyat sangh ney juzovic aur poorv udyog mantri aurarija hebrang key saath sampark banaae rakhaa aur 1948 kii shuruat mein, juzovic koo tito koo karyalaya seey hataane kaa nirdesh diyaa. unhone juzovic key liye kpj key mahasachiv key pada koo surakshit karane aur hebrang seey pradhaanmantri key pada koo bharane kii ummeed kii.
tito ney 12 aprail koo kpj kendriya samiti koo stallin key jawab mein ack patra taiyar karane key liye bulaaya. tito ney stallin key daavon koo khariz curr diyaa aur unhein apshabd aur galat soochana key roop mein sandarbhit kiya. unhone rashtriya swatantrata aur samaantaa kii kpj kii uplabdhiyon parr bhee jore diyaa. baithak mein tito kaa virodh karane vaale ekmatra zuzovic they. unhone yugoslavia koo soviyat sangh kaa hissa banaane kii vakaalat kii aur sawal kiya kii aggar donon deshon key beach gathbandhan naheen banaa rhaa tou antarrashtriya sambandhon mein desh kii bhavishya kii sthiti kyaa hogi. tito ney juzovic aur hebrang key khilaf kaarravaai kaa ahwan kiya. unhone hebrang kii ninda karate hue daavaa kiya kii unake kaary soviyat avishvaas kaa praathamik kaaran they. unhein badnam karane key liye, aarop lagaae gaye kii hebrang 1942 mein apani kaid key dauran croatian atee-rashtravadi aur fasiwadi ustaa andolan key liye ack jasus bunn gayaa thaa, aur baad mein soviyaton dwara usey usa jaankaari key saath blackmail kiya gayaa thaa. zuzovic aur hebrang donon koo ack saptah key bheetar giraftar curr liya gayaa.
doosara patra.
4 maee koo, stallin ney kpj koo doosara patra bheja. unhone iss baat seey incar kiya kii soviyat netritva koo yugoslavia kii sthiti key baare mein galat jaankaari dee gaee thee aur daavaa kiya kii matbhed siddhant key mamle parr they. unhone iss baat seey bhee incar kiya kii hebrang kpj mein ack soviyat srot thaa, lekin pushti kii kii zuzovic vaastav mein ack thaa. stallin ney kpj kii uplabdhiyon key paimaane parr sawal uthaaya, yeh aarop lagaate hue kii kissy bhee communist party kii safalata laal senaa kii sahaayata parr nirbhar karati haye-jiska arth haye kii soviyat senaa key liye aavashyak thaa kii kpj ney satta barkarar rakhee yaa naheen. anta mein, unhone iss mamle koo soochana key saamane uthaane kaa sujhaav diyaa. dusare patra key jawab mein, tito aur cardels ney cumminform dwara madhyasthata koo khariz curr diyaa aur vivaad key parinam koo prabhaavit karane key liye anya communist dalon kii pairavi karane kaa aarop lagaaya.
teesara patra aur saha-sankalp.
19 maee koo, tito koo key. pee. jey. seey sambandhit sthiti parr charcha karane key liye ack soochana baithak mein bhaag lene key liye yugoslav pratinidhimandal key liye ack nimantran praapt huaa. halanki, kpj kendriya samiti ney agale dinn nimantran koo aswikar curr diyaa. isake baad stallin ney apana teesara patra bheja, jise abb tito aur hebrang koo sambodhit kiya gayaa thaa, jisamen kahaa gayaa thaa kii aaney vaale soochana seey pahale kpj kii or seey bolane mein viphalata aparaadh key maun sweekaar key barabar hogi. 19 juuna koo, kpj koo dou dinn baad bucharest mein honey vaali soochana baithak mein bhaag lene key liye ack aupchaarik nimantran praapt huaa. kpj netritva ney soochana koo soochit kiya kii way kissy bhee pratinidhi koo naheen bhejenge.
comminform ney 28 juuna koo kpj parr apana prastaav prakaashit kiya, jisamen sangharsh koo ujagar kiya gayaa aur kpj kii aalochana soviyat-virodhi aur vaichaarik trutiyon, party mein loktantra kii kamee aur aalochana koo sweekaar karane mein asamarthata key liye kii gaee. isake alawa, cumminform ney kpj parr sangathan key bheetar dalon kaa virodh karane, sanyukt samajwadi morche seey alag honey, kamkaji logon kii antarrashtriya ekjutata koo dhokha dene aur rashtravadi mudra dhaaran karane kaa aarop lagaaya. anta mein, kpj koo cumminform key baahar ghoshit kiya gayaa. prastaav mein daavaa kiya gayaa kii kpj key "swasth" sadasya they jinaki wafadari koo tito aur unake netritva koo ukhaad fenkane kii unaki taiyari seey maapa jaayega-ummeed haye kii yeh poori tarah seey stallin key karishma key kaaran hassil kiya jaayega. stallin koo ummeed thee kii kpj peechhe hutt jaayega, "sandigdh marksvadiyon" kaa balidan karega aur usake saath khud koo phir seey jodd legaa.
isake baad.
pratirodh karane yaa stallin key saamane samarpan karane key vikalp kaa saamana karate hue, tito ney poorv koo chunaa, sambhavatah kpj key vyaapak javic aadhar parr ginati karate hue, pakshapaatpurna andolan key madhyam seey, uska samarthan karane key liye. yeh anuman lagaaya gayaa haye kii kpj kii sadasyata key 20 pratishat taka ney tito key bajaay stallin kaa samarthan kiya. party key netritva ney ise dekhaa, aur isake kaaran vyaapak roop seey shuddhikaran huaa joe hebrang aur juzovic jaise sabse adhik dikhaai dene vaale lakshyon seey parey chalaa gayaa. inn shuddhikaranon koo soochana kaal key roop mein sandarbhit kiya jaane lagaa, jiska arth haye "soochana kaal". stallin key vaastavik yaa kathit samarthakon koo "comminformist" yaa "ibiovasi" kahaa jaataa thaa, joe comminform key aadhikarik naam key pahale dou shabdon-communist aur shramik dalon key soochana beuro key aadhar parr ack apmaanjanak praarambhiktaa thee. hajaaron logon koo kaid kiya gayaa, maar diyaa gayaa yaa nirvaasit curr diyaa gayaa. rancovic key anusaar, 51,000 logon koo maar diyaa gayaa, kaid curr liya gayaa yaa jabaran shram kii sajaa sunai gaee. 1949 mein, purush aur mahila saha-soochanakariyon key liye vishesh uddeshya vaale jail shivir kramshah goli otok aur sweti gragur key nirjan adriatic dweepon parr banaae gaye they.
yuu.aiss. yugoslavia koo sahaayata.
yugoslavia koo vibhajan key parinamswarup mahatvapurna aarthik kathinaaiyon kaa saamana karna padaa kyonki isaki niyojit arthavyavastha soviyat sangh aur purvi gutt key saath nirbaadh vyaapaar parr nirbhar thee. soviyat sangh key saath yuddh key darr key parinamswarup sainya kharch kii uchch degree-1952 mein rashtriya aaya key 21.4 pratishat taka badh gaee. sanyukt raajya america ney vibhajan koo sheet yuddh mein jeet hassil karane key avsar key roop mein maanaa, lekin isane ack satark drishtikon kaa upayog kiya, yeh anishchit thaa kii kyaa daraar sthaayi hogi yaa kyaa yugoslav videsh neeti badal jaayegi.
yugoslavia ney pahali baar 1948 kii garmiyon mein sanyukt raajya seey sahaayata kaa anurodh kiya. disambar mein, tito ney ghoshana kii kii vyaapaar mein vriddhi key badale mein ranneetik kachche maal koo paschim mein bheja jaayega. farwari 1949 mein, yuu.aiss. aarthik sahaayata key saath tito pradaan karane kaa nirnay liya. badale mein, yuu.aiss. yugoslavia mein aantarik sthiti ney tito kii sthiti koo khatare mein daale binaa iss tarah key kadam kii anumati dee tou dee. aiss. ee. koo yugoslav sahaayata kii samaapti kii maang kii. antatah, raajya key sachiv deane ekison ney yeh sthiti lii kii yadi tito koo stallin key khilaf prabal honah haye tou yugoslav kii panchvarshiya yojana koo safal honah hoga. ekison ney yeh bhee tark diyaa kii tito key shasson kii prakriti kii parwah kiye binaa, tito kaa samarthan karna sanyukt raajya key hita mein thaa. americi sahaayata ney yugoslavia koo 1948,1949 aur 1950 kii kharaab fasal koo door karane mein madad kii, lekin 1952 seey pahale lagbhag koee aarthik vikas naheen hoga.aiss. soviyat vipaksh key bavjood, sanyukt rashtra suraksha parishad mein ack seat key liye yugoslavia kii 1949 kii safal bolly kaa samarthan karna.
1949 mein, sanyukt raajya america ney yugoslavia koo rinn pradaan kiya, 1950 mein unhein badhaaya, aur phir badey anudan pradaan kiye. yugoslav shuru mein yuu seey sainya sahaayata lene seey bachate they.aiss.yeh maanate hue kii yeh soviyaton koo aakraman kaa bahaana pradaan karega. 1951 taka, yugoslav key adhikaari aashvast hoe gaye kii paschim seey sainya sahaayata key bavjood soviyat hamla apariharya thaa. natijatan, yugoslavia koo aapsi raksha sahaayata karyakram mein shamil kiya gayaa thaa.
soviyat kaarravaai aur sainya takhtapalat.
jaba 1948 mein sangharsh saarvajanik hoe gayaa, tou stallin ney tito key khilaf ack prachaar abhiyaan shuru kiya. soviyat sangh key sahyogiyon ney yugoslavia key saath apani seemaon koo avaruddh curr diyaa; 7,877 seema ghatanaaen huin. 1953 taka, soviyat yaa soviyat samarthit ghuspaith key parinamswarup 27 yugoslav suraksha karmiyon kii maut hoe gaee thee. yeh spasht naheen haye kii vibhajan key baad soviyat sangh ney yugoslavia key khilaf kissy sainya hastakshep kii yojana banaai thee yaa naheen. hangri key mejar general bella kirali, joe 1956 mein sanyukt raajya america chaley gaye, ney daavaa kiya kii aisee yojanaaen maujood theen. baad mein hangerian itihaaskaar laslo ritter dwara kiye gaye shodh ney kirali key daave koo vivaadit curr diyaa. iss tarah kii yojanaon kaa dastavejikaran karane vaali kissy bhee poorv soviyat yaa yuddh sandhi abhilekhiya samagri kii anupasthiti parr apani raay key aadhar parr, soviyat aur hangri kii senaaon ney yugoslavia key madhyam seey paschimi sahyogiyon dwara hamale kii ummeed karane kii yojana banaai, joe sambhaavit roop seey yugoslav balon dwara samarthit thee. una taiyari kaa ack pramukh ghatak hangerian-yugoslav seema parr badey paimaane parr kilebandi kaa nirmaan thaa. yugoslavon kaa maanana thaa kii ack soviyat aakraman kii sambhavana yaa nikatata thee aur unhone tadnusar rakshaatmak yojanaaen banaain. juuna 1948 kii soochana baithak key turant baad chekoslovak key rashtrapati clement koo bheja gayaa ack sandesh bataata haye kii stallin kaa uddeshya yugoslavia koo alag karna thaa-jisase iska patan huaa-bajaay tito koo giraane key. tito koo badnam karane key prayaas mein, soviyat sangh ney bulgaria koo yugoslavia key saath desh kii seema parr teen khufiya abhiyaan chaukiyan sthaapit karane mein madad kii-vidin, slivnitsa aur dupnitsa mein. unakaa uddeshya tito key khilaf prachaar samagri key vitaran key liye channel sthaapit karna aur yugoslavia mein comminform samarthakon key saath sambandh banaae rakhna thaa. yeh bhee sambhav haye kii 1950 mein koriyai yuddh key prakop key liye sanyukt raajya america kii pratikriya ney stallin koo hastakshep karane seey roque diyaa thaa.
vibhajan key turant baad, soviyaton dwara samarthit ack yugoslav sainya takhtapalat kaa cumm seey cumm ack asafal prayaas huaa. iska netritva general staff key pramukh, curnell general arso jovanovic, mejar general aur curnell vladmir dapsevic ney kiya thaa. sajish koo whiffle curr diyaa gayaa aur seema rakshakon ney jovanovic koo vrasaak key paas maar daala, jaba vaha romenia bhaagne kaa prayaas curr rhaa thaa. petrisevic koo belgrade mein giraftar kiya gayaa thaa aur dapsevic koo usee samay giraftar kiya gayaa thaa jaba vaha hangri kii seema paar karane vaalaa thaa. 1952 mein, raajya suraksha key soviyat mantralaya ney ack javic agent aur ack jahar kodnem scavenger key saath tito kii hatyaa karane kii yojana banaai, lekin 1953 mein sajish koo lagu karane seey pahale hii stallin kii mrityu hoe gaee.
purvi gutt kii rajneeti mein, yugoslavia key saath vibhajan ney kathit titoists kii ninda aur mukadama chalaaya, jise gutt key communist dalon parr stallin key niyantran koo majboot karane key liye banaaya gayaa thaa. unake parinamswarup uchch padasth adhikaariyon jaise kii zocks, chekoslovakia kii communist party key mahasachiv rudolph slansky, hangerian aantarik aur videsh mantri laslo rajk aur bulgarian shramikon kii party kii kendriya samiti key mahasachiv, trecho kostov key khilaf pareekshan hue. isake alawa, albania aur bulgaria ney yugoslavia seey door rukh kiya aur khud koo poori tarah seey soviyat sangh key saath jodd liya. yugoslavia parr dee. aiss. ee. kii nirbharta key bavjood, key. key. ney bhee yugoslavia key vikhandan aur macedonia kii swatantrata key liye apane samarthan kii ghoshana karate hue, comminform kaa paksh liya. julaai 1949 mein, yugoslavia ney yunani gurillaon koo samarthan bund curr diyaa aur dee. aiss. ee. lagbhag turant dhwast hoe gayaa.

