
saleem akela

saleem lone ack kenya patrakaar hain joe pradhaan mantri rella odinga key pravakta (2007-2013,2017-2018) they, aur isase pahale sanyukt rashtra mein kofi annan key tahat ack nideshak sanchaar they, jahaan unhone 2003 mein sevaanivritt honey taka dou dashakon taka kaam kiya thaa. unakaa antim UN kaary iraq mein UN mission key pramukh, sergio viera dee mello key liye baghdad mein pravakta key roop mein thaa, joe baghdad mein nahar hotal mein ack aatankvaadi hamale mein 21 anya sahyogiyon key saath maare gaye they; saleem lone bambari mein butch gaye. saleem abb moee key baad key loktaantrik yug mein kenya key raajneetik vikas parr ack pustak likh rahey hain. 
saleem lone kenya key dainik rashtra (2005-2007) key liye ack stambhakaar bhee rahey hain, aur unaki tippaniyan newyork times, dha guardian, dha independent, dha financial times inn dha yuke, dha washington post, dha nyu republic aur dha newyork review off books mein bhee prakaashit hui hain. bbc, all jazira aur cnn dwara unakaa aksar sakshatkar liya gayaa haye, jisamen charley rose, newzanite, inside story aur lairi king live shamil hain. 
isase pahale, ravivaar newyork times key pulitzer puraskar vijeta sampaadak, prasiddh lester markle key liye dou saal kaam karane key baad, vaha kenya laut aae, jahan 1971 aur 1982 key beach ravivaar post aur viva patrika key mukhya sampaadak they, joe kenyata aur moee yug mein ekmatra mukhyadhara kaa media thaa jisane lagaatar raajneetik vipaksh key drishtikon koo prastut kiya. vaha swatantra kenya mein ekmatra patrakaar hain jinn parr unake kaam (1981) key liye adalat mein mukadama chalaaya gayaa aur doshi thaharaaya gayaa (loktantra aur paryaavaran karyakarta wangri mathai, baad mein nobel shaanti puraskar vijeta), aur giraftari seey bachane key liye 1982 mein unhein desh chhodana padaa. baad mein rashtrapati moee ney 1986 mein kenya key prati "bevafai" key liye unaki nagrikta koo radd curr diyaa thaa, lekin 1993 mein ise bahaal curr diyaa gayaa.
praarambhik carrier aur nirvaasan.
saleem lone dakshin asiai mool key canyon hain, unake donon daadaa-daadi 100 saal pahale purvi africa chaley gaye they. akele kaa janm 1943 mein british bhaarat key jhelam mein huaa thaa, joe abb panjab key pakistani praant mein haye, jaba unake pitaa vahaan vishvavidyalaya mein adhyayan curr rahey they, aur kashmiri mool key hain. lone ney nairobi mein park road praathamik vidyalaya aur duke off glocester (abb jamhur hyee) vidyalaya mein padhaai kii. unhone sanyukt raajya america key canyon college (beee, 1965) mein saahitya kaa adhyayan karane key liye ack pramukh karyakram key hisse key roop mein chhatravritti jeeti, jise rashtrapati kenedi ney nae swatantra african deshon key liye vishvavidyalaya shiksha key liye shuru kiya, jise "us airlift" key roop mein jaanaa jaataa haye."unhone newyork vishvavidyalaya (1967) mein aim. aeye. kii upaadhi praapt kii aur apani phd key liye adhyayan curr rahey they jaba unhone 1968 mein mackerer vishvavidyalaya mein padhaane aur shodh karane key liye rockfeller foundation fellowship jeeti, lekin apani niyukti naheen leey sakey.
unhone 1970 key dashak kii shuruat mein newyork mein patrakaarita mein apana currier shuru kiya, jahan unhone ack shodhkarta aur lekhak key roop mein poorv ravivaar envaai times pulitzer puraskar vijeta sampaadak lester markle key liye dou saal taka kaam kiya. disambar 1971 mein kenya mein way 28 saal kii umr mein ravivaar key pada key sampaadak baney, lekin jald hii jomo kenyata aur (1978 key baad), daniel araap moee kii sarkaaron kii aalochana karane vaale lekhon key liye dabaav mein aaa gaye. 
1974 mein ravivaar key pada seey majboor hocker, lone kenya mein ack raajneetik roop seey jagrook mahila patrika "viva" key sansthaapak sampaadak baney, jisane vyaapak kenya aur antarrashtriya maanyata praapt kii, 1980 mein sanyukt rashtra ney coppenhagen mahila sammelan key dauran ise "ms" key saath duniya kii aathh sabse prabhaavshaali mahila patrikaon mein seey ack key roop mein soochibaddh kiya. america mein, germany mein "emma" aur bhaarat mein "manushi". patrika ney niyamit roop seey garibi, bhrashtachar, mahilaaon key adhikaaron aur kenya mein abhivyakti aur sangathan kii ghatati swatantrata key muddon parr prakaash daala. vishesh shakha key pulis adhikaariyon dwara lone seey niyamit roop seey poochtaachh kii jaati thee aur unhein pareshan kiya jaataa thaa, aur 1981 mein swatantra kenya mein ekmatra patrakaar bunn gaye jinn parr unake patrakaarita kaary key liye mukadama chalaaya gayaa aur unhein nobel shaanti puraskar vijeta, kenya key paryaavaran aur loktantra samarthak yoddha wangri mathai key saath doshi thaharaaya gayaa. antatah, daniel araap moee shasson key tahat unaki pareshaaniyan iss hudd taka bigad gaeen kii vaha juuna 1982 mein giraftari seey bachane key liye america bhaag gaye. baad mein kenya key prati "bevafai" key liye rashtrapati moee dwara unaki nagrikta radd curr dee gaee, lekin 1993 mein bahaal curr dee gaee.
sanyukt rashtra.
1982 mein newyork pahunchane parr, unhein sanyukt rashtra dwara ack sanchaar adhikaari key roop mein niyukt kiya gayaa thaa. 1986 mein videsh mantri elijah mwangley dwara kenya vaapas aamantrit kiye jaane parr, unhein giraftar curr liya gayaa aur nyaayo house key kukhyaat yaatana kakshon mein leey jaaya gayaa. unhein sanyukt rashtra key dabaav mein mukt curr diyaa gayaa aur kenya seey nishkaasit curr diyaa gayaa aur unaki nagrikta radd curr dee gaee. sanyukt rashtra mein, ekal apane uchchatam gair-raajneetik pada parr pahunch gayaa jaba unhein sanyukt rashtra mahasachiv kofi annan dwara isake samachar aur media vibhaag (1998-2003) key nideshak key roop mein niyukt kiya gayaa. isase pahale, prakashanon key pramukh key roop mein, lone ney mahasachiv butros butros-ghaali key saath mukhya sampaadak aur lekhak key roop mein vidvatapurna unn blue books shrinkhala shuru karane aur prakaashit karane key liye milkar kaam kiya, jisamen 20veen shatabdi key pramukh muddon jaise rangbhed kaa virodh, mahilaaon kii pragati, paramanu aprasaar sandhi aur poorv yugoslavia aur ravanda mein narsamhar key liye vaishvik samarthan jutaane mein sangathan kii bhoomika kaa dastavejikaran kiya gayaa thaa, jinaki aaparaadhik adaalaten antarrashtriya aaparaadhik adalat key liye aadarsh bunn gaeen. 2003 key americi netritva vaale aakraman key thheek baad iraq mein ack pravakta key roop mein lone kaa antim kaary thaa. agast mein kainal hotal parr hue aatankvaadi hamale mein baghdad mein unake boss sergio viera dee mello aur 21 anya sahayogi maare gaye they, lekin ack vyakti mamuli choton key saath butch gayaa.
kenya key raajneetik pravakta.
sanyukt rashtra seey sevaanivritt honey key baad, 2004 mein mavaai kibaki shasson key liye sarkari pravakta niyukt kiye jaane key baad, kenya key disambar 1963 kii swatantrata key baad pahali loktaantrik roop seey nirvaachit sarkaar, lone kenya laut aae, lekin vaastav mein ise lene seey pahale niyukti koo radd curr diyaa gayaa thaa. isake baad way vipakshi netaa raila odinga key pravakta baney aur ack nae samvidhaan parr 2005 key pahale janmat sangrah key liye sanchaar nideshak they, jise vipaksh ney jeet liya thaa. usake baad way dainik rashtra key liye ack stambhakaar bunn gaye, aur sanrakshak, britten key liye niyamit collum likhe, aur kaee anya samachar patron jaise kii newyork times, washington post, dha globe aind mell (torrento), vittiya samay, swatantra, bhaarat aur bhor (pakistan) key samay mein prakaashit hue.; isase pahale unhein aine. vaaee. pustakon kii sameeksha aur nae ganarajya dwara prakaashit kiya gayaa thaa. bbc, all jazira aur cnn dwara bhee aksar lone kaa sakshatkar liya gayaa thaa, jisamen charley rose, newzanite, inside story aur lairi king live shamil hain. vaha all jazira dwara iraq yuddh aur kabje mein vinashkari americi netritva parr teen vrittachitron aur japan (aine. aich. key.) aur neetherland key saarvajanik tv stations mein pramukh vyakti they. 
2007 mein way 2007 key rashtrapati chunaav seey pahale phir seey rella odinga key pravakta baney. lekin daagi rashtrapati chunaav key baad hui saamoohik hinsa koo samaapt karane key liye ack baatchit samadhan khojane mein ack majboot antarrashtriya bhagidari key liye ekal kii jordar saarvajanik vakaalat-jisake parinamswarup rashtrapati kibaki koo shree odinga key liye pradhaan mantri kaa pada banaana padaa-kaee maut kii dhamkiyon kaa kaaran banaa, aur unhein phir seey kenya seey bhagna padaa. 
jaba sanyukt rashtra key poorv mahasachiv kofi annan key netritva mein antarrashtriya samudaay dwara madhyasthata kiye gaye ack samjhaute parr rashtrapati mavaai kibaki aur vipakshi netaa rella odinga (jinhen samjhaute key tahat pradhaanmantri naamit kiya gayaa thaa) ney hastakshar kiye, tou ekal nairobi laut aae aur baad mein sitambar 2008 mein apane sarkari pada seey istifa dey diyaa, lekin 2013 taka pradhaan mantri odinga key pravakta baney rahey.
march 2013 key vivaadit chunaav key baad, yeh ghoshana karna ekmatra faisala thaa kii pradhaanmantri odinga 2013 key chunaav parinam koo sweekaar naheen karenge kyonki vote-milan prakriya mein vyaapak visangatiyan theen, lekin way adalaton key madhyam seey chunavi nyaay kaa peechha karenge, binaa unake samarthakon key badey paimaane parr pradarshanon key. sarvocch nyayalaya ney chunaav key faisale koo barkarar rakhaa aur uhuru kenyatta koo kanuni roop seey nirvaachit rashtrapati ghoshit kiya. 
saleem lone koo ack baar phir zaan seey maarne kii dhamki millie aur chunaav key turant baad kenya koo sthaayi roop seey chhod diyaa.
pustak "kenya mein yuddh aur shaanti".
lone abb princeton, nyu jersey mein rahata haye, jahan vaha apani pustak-warr aind pees inn kenya likh rhaa haye-una asadharan parivartanon aur aapadaon parr joe 2003-2013 avadhi (aur usake baad uhuru kenyata presidency) mein mavaai kibaki aur rella odinga yug koo chihnit karati hain. yeh pustak iss baat kii bhee jaanch karati haye kii kaise ack aise desh mein parivartan hotaa haye jisamen shandar dhana aur poorna abhaav saath-saath maujood hain, aur jahaan ack shaktishali abhijaat varg ney swatantrata kii aadhi shatabdi key dauran shakti aur dhana key sabhi leevaron koo niyantrit kiya haye. yeh pustak iss avadhi mein antarrashtriya samudaay (americi rashtrapati baraak obama sahit) kii sakaratmak aur nakaratmak donon bhoomikaon parr vishesh dhyaan detee haye, vishesh roop seey hegg mein antarrashtriya aaparaadhik adalat mein rashtrapati uhuru kenyata aur upa rashtrapati villium ruto key manavata key khilaf apraadhon key mukadame mein. yeh pustak ford foundation, open society institute, institute off international ajucation aur norwey sarkaar key anudan seey samarthit haye.