
villiers engineering

villiers engineering motorcycle aur saikil bhaagon kaa nirmaata thaa, aur villiers street, wolverhampton, ingland mein sthit ack engineering company thee.
praarambhik itihas.
1890 key dashak mein johnn marsten kaa sunbeam utpaadan aur samaapti kii uchch gunavatta parr bharosa karke behad safal hoe gayaa thaa. lekin marsten apani machines parr paddle seey asantusht they, jinhen unhone khareed liya thaa. 1890 mein unhone apane bete charles koo ack bikri yatra parr america bheja, lekin apane nirdeshon mein shamil kiya kii charles koo hartford, connecticut mein praat aur whiteney key saath peddle engineering parr charcha karni chaahiye aur ise banaane key liye ack uchch shreni key peddle aur machinary key saath vaapas aanaa chaahiye. charles ney kahaa kii villiers engineering company. utpaadan pranali aur shram bachat upkaranon seey prabhaavit hocker yeh unaki america kii yatra kaa "antim phal" thaa. unhone bataaya kii "inhen sunbeamland mein vikasit karna sambhav naheen thaa, joe lambe samay seey ack aur yojana parr kaam curr rhaa thaa, lekin unhein ack nae karkhane mein shuru karna sambhav thaa.
daure key parinamswarup, 1898 mein, johnn marsten ney villiers street, wolverhampton mein sthit ack chhota japaning kaam kharida. charles key nirdeshan mein, company ney sunbeam company key liye saikil key purje banaae. choonki karkhana soorya kiran kii aavashyakta seey adhik purjon kaa utpaadan curr rhaa thaa, isaliye isane anya nirmaataon koo purje beche.
1902 villiers key liye ack mahatvapurna varsh thaa. sabse pahale, johnn marsten ney company koo apane bete charles koo bhavishya key munafe key badale rinn parr £6,000 mein betch diyaa. doosara, isane chakr mukt-chakr kaa vikas aur patent karaaya, jisaki pratyek chakr nirmaata koo aavashyakta hoti haye. mukt pahiyon kaa utpaadan dusare vishva yuddh key thheek baad apane charam parr pahunch gayaa, kyonki company ney prati saptah 80,000 yaa prati varsh 40 laakh kaa utpaadan kiya.
pratham vishva yuddh seey pahale utpaadan.
oopar ullikhit freewheel key utpaadan key alawa, company ney 1912 kii shuruat mein apane pahale injan kaa utpaadan kiya, joe kii integral too-speed gearbox key saath 350 cc chaar-stroke poorna thaa. usa varsh baad mein isane 269 cc too-stroke (70 mimi boor aur stroke) vikasit kiya aur iss injan kii sadgi aur aakarshak keemat ney ise teji seey safal banaa diyaa. 1913 key dauran sunn-willers motorcycle kaa nirmaan sunn saikil aind fittings company dwara kiya gayaa thaa.
1914 taka villiers 269 cc 2-stroke injan koo badee sankhya mein motorcycle nirmaataon dwara apanaaya gayaa thaa, jaise kii elde (eldez aur pyaaj), royal rubi, nayaa ryder, baaun-villiers, coventory-eagle, gerard, sparkbrook, invicta (aeye. barnet aind koo), dha ixon, dha juno aur dha rullet.
269 cc too-stroke kii bhaari safalata key bavjood, chaar-stroke injan koo poori tarah seey bund naheen kiya gayaa thaa, jaisa kii octuber 1914, jey mein huaa thaa.oldham kii aich motors ney dou motorcycles kii ghoshana kii, number 1 mein 349 cc (74.5 x 80 mimi boor aur stroke) key 2.75 hp villiers chaar-stroke injan aur 2 2.5 hp dou-stroke model kaa upayog karate hue 269 cc injan kaa upayog kiya gayaa. 1915 mein yuddh key aadeshon key utpaadan koo rokane seey pahale kyaa kaee model banaae gaye they, yeh spasht naheen haye.
1915 taka villiers injan kaa upayog karane key liye jaane jaane vaale anya nirmaataon mein campion, hobart, chetter-lii, heera aur axellier shamil hain.
pratham vishva yuddh key dauran utpaadan.
pratham vishva yuddh key dauran, kaee farmon key saath aam taur parr joe seedhe sainya parivahan banaane mein shamil naheen they, villiers karkhane ney yuddhasamagri key utpaadan mein badalaav kiya, vishesh roop seey 75 mimi key gole key liye fuse. yuddh key kaam mein luggy companiyon ney abhee bhee yuddh key anta kaa anuman lagaate hue nae models parr kaam kiya, jisamen villiers ney yuddh key dauran 16 injan seey sambandhit patent key liye aavedan kiya. ack vishesh mudda ack samanya samasya thee-yeh tathya kii yuddh seey pahale adhikansh injan ignition key liye german nirmit magnetos parr nirbhar they, joe yuddh key dauran ack pramukh samasya kaa kaaran banaa. janwari 1917 mein villiers ney iss samasya key samadhan key liye patent karaaya-flywheel-magnet, joe unake injanon kii ack maanak visheshta bunn gaee.
antar-yuddh varshon mein utpaadan.
yuddh key turant baad villiers ney 269 cc injan kii aapoorti key saath, jahaan unhone chhoda thaa, abb nikas koo jodane kii alag vidhi key saath maark II injan key roop mein uthaaya. 1919 taka villiers injan kaa upayog karane vaali bike mein axellier lightwaite, heera (dee.aff.& aim. engineering saha), shaahi rubi, bhediya halka (wolfrona engineering), carfield, ruffles, pee.vee. (elliston aur giraa), sparkbrook, yavel, pee aind aiss lightwaite (nashpati aur sopewith), chetter-lii, campion, victoria (glassgo kaa), hobart, olympic, ixion, baaun-villiers, wilkin aur saltly. injan bahut hudd taka vahee rhaa, aur ack alag magneton kaa upayog karna jaari rakhaa, halanki isamen ack khokhla crankkes boult key madhyam seey crankkes aur piston snehan pradaan karane key liye ack tail pump thaa-ack design jise villiers ney 1914/1915 key dauran patent kiya thaa.
maark III injan mein crankkes aur brush mein kuchh badalaav kiye gaye they aur march 1920 mein flywheel magneton key saath nae villiers maark IV injan kaa khulasa kiya gayaa thaa. maee 1920 mein ack nae british axellier halke model kii ghoshana kii gaee thee, yeh ack alag magneton key bajaay flywheel-magneton kaa upayog karke nae villiers injan koo dikhaane vaali pahali motorcycle thee.
sitambar 1922 mein villiers ney apani naee 1923 injan renz key vivaran kii ghoshana kii, jisamen 147 cc, 250 cc aur 343 cc injan shamil they. inn injanon mein ack radial-finned cylinder haid thaa, jisamen inlet aur agjost port donon injan key saamane they, aur una sabhi mein villier flywheel-magneton they. jabaki 147 cc crankshaft snehan key liye petrol-tail mishran parr nirbhar thaa, dou badey injanon ney ack alag tail-feed pranali kaa upayog kiya. nae 250 cc injan ney puraane 269 cc injan kii tulanaa mein 25 pratishat adhik shakti kaa utpaadan kiya.
1926 mein villiers ney ack aur bhee chhota injan, 125 cc key saath judvaan nikas bandargah aur side-mounted carburator pesh kiya, aur 1927 mein unhone 344 cc key judvaan 2-stroke kii shuruat kii. villiers koo mukhya roop seey motorcycle key upayog key liye ekal aur dou cylinder 2-stroke kii ack vistrit shrinkhala kaa utpaadan karna thaa. 1920 key dashak key anta mein unhone sthir upayog key liye injanon kaa utpaadan bhee shuru kiya, jisamen pahala model paani seey thandaa wx11 aur 1933 mein havaa seey thandaa maar-will thaa. villiers injan kaa upayog lonn movers mein bhee kiya jaataa thaa, udaaharan key liye 147 cc injan kaa upayog 1920 key dashak key atto movers mein kiya jaataa thaa aur 1931 mein ise 98 cc villiers injan dwara jodaa jaataa thaa, jise midjet key roop mein jaanaa jaataa thaa.
villiers company key paas seagal outboard samudri injanon key liye bhee link they, joe donon johnn marsten key astitva key kaaran they. seagal injanon mein villiers flywheel magneton aur ack 'seagal-villiers' carburator kaa upayog kiya jaataa thaa.
1936 mein, ell. ee. heston havaai adde key carden-bains vimaan key roop mein vyaapaar karate hue, bains aur surr johnn carden ney carden-bains sahayak, ack halka vimaan launch kiya, joe anivarya roop seey ack motor chaalit abot-bains scud 3 glider thaa. yeh ack peechhe hatane yogya 249 cc villiers injan leey jaataa thaa joe ack push-propeller chalaata thaa aur 9 bhp kaa utpaadan kartaa thaa, aur eendhan tank tees minut key liye injan koo chalaane key liye paryaapt thaa. 249 cc carden-bayons sahayak koo sanchaalit udaan key itihas mein sabse cumm shakti vaalaa vimaan maanaa jaataa haye.
dwiteeya vishva yuddh key dauran utpaadan.
yuddh key dauran villiers key utpaadan key hisse koo phir seey gole key liye fuse mein badal diyaa gayaa, jisamen 10 million seey adhik utpaadan huaa, halanki unhone injan aur saikil parts banaana jaari rakhaa. unake injanon kaa upayog chhoti motorcycles mein bhee kiya jaataa thaa joe paratroopers key saath air drop key liye design kiye gaye they-axellier welbike aur james ml paratrooper kii machine jise clockwork mouse key roop mein jaanaa jaataa haye.
yuddh key baad kaa utpaadan.
1956 mein, villiers ney isake 20 laakhven injan kaa utpaadan kiya aur ise landan mein vigyaan sangrahalaya mein prastut kiya.
1957 mein villiers ney jey. aeye. key nirmaataon, jey. aeye. pristwitch udyogon koo avashoshit curr liya.aeye.pee. injan. 1962 mein company kaa daavaa thaa kih "donon companiyan sanyukt roop seey dou-stroke aur chaar-stroke petrol injanon aur 1/3 seey 16 bee taka chaar-stroke deejal injanon kii ack vishal shrinkhala kaa utpaadan karati hain.aich.pee. yeye way injan hain joe britten key kaee dou-stroke motor chakron, scooters aur teen pahiyon koo shakti pradaan karate hain, aur motor ghaas kaatane vaalon, kheti karane vaalon, concreet mishrankartaon, sett, lift, pumping seton koo utpann karate hain. aadi."
villiers ney 1960 key dashak taka halki motorcycle aur vaahan nirmaataon key liye ekal aur dou-stroke injanon (98 cc seey 325 cc taka) kii ack shrinkhala kaa nirmaan kiya.
1960 key dashak kii shuruat mein, company koo manganese kansya holdings dwara leey liya gayaa thaa, aur 1966 mein aeye. aim. see. key saath milkar norton-villiers bunn gayaa, aur 1973 mein bee. aiss. aeye. samooh key saath vilay curr norton-villiers-triumph bunn gayaa, joe antatah 1978 mein parisamapan mein chalaa gayaa.
sandarbh.
notes
granth soochi