operation sonanbloom

operation sonanbloom (/operation sunflower) farwari 1941 mein dwiteeya vishva yuddh key dauran uttari africa mein german sainikon key preshan koo diyaa gayaa naam thaa. italvi 10veen senaa () koo british, rashtramandal, samrajya aur sambaddh paschimi registani bull key hamalon dwara operation compass key dauran nasht curr diyaa gayaa thaa, naee (daak, erwin romel) kii pahali ikaaiyaan africa key liye naples seey ravaana huin aur 11 farwari 1941 koo aaeen. (angreji bhashi duniya mein, yeh shabd uttar africa mein german balon key liye ack samanya shabd bunn gayaa.) 14 farwari koo, 5vein prakaash "africa" prabhaag (baad mein 21vein panger prabhaag kaa naam badal diyaa gayaa), 3 (tohi batalian 3) aur 39 (tank-rodhi tukadi 39) kii unnat ikaaiyaan tripoli, libia mein aaeen aur unhein turant sirte key poorv mein agrim pankti mein bheja gayaa.
romel 12 farwari koo libia pahunche, jisamen aakramak ranneeti kaa upayog karate hue tripoli aur tripolitania kii raksha karane key adesh diye gaye. general italo gariboldi ney 25 march koo libia key governor-general key roop mein (itali key marshel) rodolfo graziani kii jagah lii aur (shaahi italvi senaa) key commander inn cheef mario rota ney graziani koo german kamaan key tahat libia mein italvi motor chaalit ikaaiyon koo rakhane kaa adesh diyaa. pahale german sanic 15 farwari koo sirte pahunche aur 18 farwari koo nophilia kii or badhe. 24 farwari koo, ack german dall ney ell aghela key paas ack british gashti dall parr ghaat lagaakar hamla kiya. 24 march koo, aksh ney ell aghela parr kabja curr liya aur 31 march koo mersa brega parr hamla curr diyaa. cumm taakat vaali teesari bakhtarband brigade jawabi hamla karane mein whiffle rahee aur agale dinn benagaazi kii or peechhe hatane luggy.
jaba teesari bakhtarband brigade chully gaee, tou usake jeern-sheern tank tootane lagey, jaisa kii bhavishyavani kii gaee thee. brigade cyrenaican ubhaar key dakshin mein registan mein aksh kii taraf kii chaalon koo rokane mein whiffle rahee, jisane benagaazi mein australiyai paidal senaa koo peechhe hatane key alawa koee vikalp naheen chhoda. romel ney apani senaa koo chhote stambhon mein vibhajit curr diyaa taaki british peechhe hutt sakein jahan taka eendhan aur paani kii kamee kii anumati haye. mechili mein ack kaafee british bull parr kabja curr liya gayaa, jisake kaaran british peechhe hatane lagey aur phir libian-misra kii seema taka chaley gaye. aksh bull pahale dhakke mein tobrook koo pakadane mein whiffle rahey aur romel koo taba tobrook aur seema key beach aksh balon koo vibhajit karna padaa.
 safal hue kyonki aakraman karane kii germans kii kshamata koo madhya poorv key pramukh commander, yuddh karyalaya aur winston churchill dwara cumm aanka gayaa thaa. romel ney apane saahas seey sthiti koo badal diyaa, joe ultra aur aim. aaee. 14 (british sainya khufiya) seey prachur khufiya reports key bavjood apratyaashit thaa. kaee british ikaaiyon koo grees mein aur anya koo misra mein sthanantarit curr diyaa gayaa thaa. wewell dwara cyrenaca kamaand (cyrecom) key liye niyukt kuchh commander ummeedon parr kharaa utarane mein asamarth they aur wewell ney una maanchitron parr bharosa kiya joe baad mein khud koo dekhane key liye pahunchane parr galat paae gaye they. 1949 mein, wewell ney likhaa, "maine nishchit roop seey italvi logon key apane anubhav key baad romel key liye bajat naheen banaaya thaa. mujhe adhik vivekpurna honah chaahiye thaa...".
prishthabhoomi.
misra parr italvi aakraman.
 1940 mein suez nahar koo jabt karane key liye misra parr italvi aakraman thaa aur jisane paschimi registan abhiyaan (1940-1943) shuru kiya. italvi logon kaa british, rashtramandal aur swatantra francisi balon dwara virodh kiya gayaa thaa. kaee deree key baad, aakraman kaa daira misra mein 10veen senaa (marshel rodolfo graziani) dwara aage badhane taka cumm curr diyaa gayaa thaa, jahan taka kii sidi barani aur kshetra mein kissy bhee british senaa parr hamale. 10veen senaa misra mein aage badhee lekin kewal 7vein bakhtarband division seey british screening bull key saath sampark kiya aur mersa maatr key aspas mukhya bull koo shamil naheen kiya. 16 sitambar koo, 10veen senaa ney rook curr sidi barrani key bandargah key aspas rakshaatmak sthiti mein kabja curr liya, kileband shiviron kaa nirmaan karane kaa irada rakhate hue, engineeron key saath () kaa vistaar karane kii prateeksha karate hue. graziani kaa irada iss sadak kaa upayog karke aage key poorv mein, mersa maatri parr agrim aapoorti jamaa karane kaa thaa, jahan 7vein bakhtarband division aur 4vein bhaaratiya division key shesh hisse adharit they.
operation kampas.
british paschimi registani bull (doubleu. dee. aff., leftinent-general surr richard oh 'connor) ney disambar 1940 seey farwari 1941 taka paschimi misra aur libia key purvi praant cyrenaca mein 10veen senaa parr hamla kiya. doubleu. dee. aff., misra mein mersa matru seey 10veen senaa key khilaf paanch divasiya chhaape key liye aage badhaa. italvi bull ney lagbhag sidi barani key aspas aur aage paschim mein, cyrenaca mein seema parr kileband chaukiyon mein thaa. 10veen senaa koo teji seey haraaya gayaa, sidi barrani aur solam koo phir seey pakad liya gayaa, aur angrejon ney bardia, tobrook aur derna parr kabja karane key liye cyrenaca key madhyam seey hamla karate hue abhiyaan jaari rakhaa. isake baad angrejon ney jebel akhdar (harey pahaad) key aspas paschimi praant tripolitania kii or 10veen senaa kaa peechha kiya. combay bull, ack udane vaalaa stambh, jebel key dakshin mein registan seey hocker chalaa gayaa aur bedaa phome kii ladaai mein 10veen senaa kii antim sangathit ikaaiyon koo roque diyaa. doubleu. dee. aff. ney taba 10veen senaa key avasheshon kaa peechha karate hue sidra kii khaadi parr ell aghela taka pahuncha diyaa. british ney kabja curr liya aur libian kaidiyon, saikadon tankon, aur vimaanon koo, jabaki kewal maare gaye yaa ghayal hue.
aapoorti mein kathinaaee aur kharaab vaahanon key kaaran british ell aghela seey aage jaari rakhane mein asamarth they. farwari 1941 mein, british yuddh mantrimandal ney nyuntam balon key saath cyrenaca rakhane aur shesh koo grees bhejane kaa faisala kiya. doubleu. dee. aff. kii sabse anubhavi, sabse prashikshit aur sabse achchi tarah seey susajjit ikaaiyon koo march aur aprail 1941 mein operation lustrey mein yunani abhiyaan kii or modd diyaa gayaa thaa. cyrenaca mein, 6 vaan australiyai division taakat seey thaa lekin 7 vein bakhtarband division key vaahan kharaab hoe gaye they. dusare newzealand division mein dou brigade upalabdh they aur misra mein chhathe paidal senaa division mein koee topkhaane naheen they aur dodekeni dweepon mein sanchaalan key liye prashikshan thaa. 7vaan australiyai division (mejar-general johnn lavrac) aur 9vaan australiyai division kharaab tareeke seey susajjit aur abhee bhee prashikshan praapt they, ack polish brigade samooh mein upkaran kii kamee thee aur dou bakhtarband resiment, joe dusare bakhtarband division seey 7vein bakhtarband division taka alag they, operation compass key baad key charanon mein bhee kharaab hoe gaye they. division key baaki hisson mein dou cruiser tank resiment they jinake tank kharaab hoe gaye they aur dou halke tank resiment they; divisional commander kii achaanak mrityu hoe gaee thee aur mejar-general michael gambier-pairi dwara pratisthaapit kiya gayaa thaa.
giarabub kii gherabandi.
10veen senaa kii haar key baad giarabub (abb jagboob) kii gherabandi hui. all jagbub oesis mein kileband italvi sthiti koo 6 vein australiyai division key kuchh hisson dwara gher liya gayaa thaa. 6 veen australiyai divisional ghudsavaar resiment ney disambar 1940 mein gherabandi shuru kii, jisase italvi garrison aapoorti key liye nirbhar hoe gayaa. havaai parivahan aparyaapt saabit huaa aur bhookh ney sthaaniya roop seey bharti kiye gaye kaee sainikon koo registan mein jaane key liye prerit kiya. 2/9veen australiyai batalian aur 4 veen shaahi ghode kii topkhaane kii ack battery dwara prabalit honey key baad, australiyai 17 march 1941 koo hamla kiya aur 21 march koo italvi senaa koo aatmasamarpan karane key liye majboor kiya.
bhoo-bhaag.
yuddh mukhya roop seey paschimi registan mein ladaa gayaa thaa, joe misra mein mersa maatrah seey laker libian tata parr gajala taka, ekmatra pakki sadak key saath lagbhag chauda thaa. antardeshiya rait samudra ney registan kii dakshini seema koo giarabab aur siva mein apani sabse chaudi seema parr chihnit kiya; british bhasha mein, paschimi registan kaa arth purvi cyrenaca bhee thaa. tata seey, dakshin mein faile hue, samudra tala seey lagbhag oopar, uttar seey dakshin taka, rait samudra taka, patthar key registan kaa ack unchaa, sapaat maidan haye. bichchu, wiper aur makkhiyan iss kshetra mein rahati theen, jahan cumm sankhya mein beduin khanabdosh rahate they.
trigg all abd aur trigg capuzo jaise path, judey hue kuein aur jameen seey aasaani seey paar kiya gayaa; nauvahan soorya, taaraa, kampas aur "registan bhavna" dwara thaa, anubhav seey praapt paryaavaran kii achchi dhaarana. jaba sitambar 1940 mein italvi sanic misra mein aage badhe, tou maletti samooh ney sidi omar chhod diyaa aur khou gayaa, jise tohi vimaan dwara paaya jaanaa thaa. vasant aur garmiyon mein dinn bahut germ hotey hain aur raaten bahut thhandi hoti hain. sirokko (yaa), ack germ registani havaa, maheen rait key baadlon koo bahaati haye joe kuchh gaj aur coat kii aankho, fefadon, machinary, bhojan aur upkaranon taka drishyata koo cumm curr detee haye. motor vaahanon aur vimaanon koo vishesh tail filter kii aavashyakta hoti haye. aise banjar desh mein sainya abhiyaanon key liye aapoorti koo baahar seey leey jaanaa padata haye. german injanon ney adhik garmi kii or rukh kiya aur tank injan kaa jeevan german aur italvi prakaar key motor key liye samanya spare parts kii kamee seey aur kharaab hoe gayaa.
aapoorti.
libia koo italvi aapoorti key liye samanya samudri maarg paschim kii or gayaa, phir tripoli key bandargah key tata key karib, taaki malta mein sthit british vimaan, jahaajon aur pandubbiyon key hastakshep seey bachaa jaa sakey; itali key yuddh ghoshit honey key baad italvi vyaapaari samudri kaa ack tihai hissa nazarband curr diyaa gayaa thaa aur yatra koo lagbhag lagbhag badhaa diyaa gayaa thaa. bhoomi parr, aapoorti koo sadak dwara yaa coaster dwara chhoti khepon mein badee doori taka leey jaanaa padata thaa. operation kampas mein italvi haar key baad, tripoli antim shesh aksh bandargah thaa, jisamen ack baar mein chaar sainikon yaa paanch malvahak jahaajon kii adhikatam utaarane kii kshamata thee, joe prati maah lagbhag maal kii delivery key liye paryaapt thee. tripoli seey benagaazi taka kii doori, joe alexandaria key liye kewal aadhe raaste parr thee, key saath thee.
sadak baadh kii chapet mein aaa sakati thee, registani vayu senaa (dee. aeye. aff.) key hamalon kii chapet mein aaa sakati thee aur registani patariyon kaa upayog karane seey vaahan kharaab hoe sakate they. prati dinn ack german motoryukt vibhajan kii aavashyakta hoti haye aur aapoorti laurie koo sthanantarit kiya jaataa haye. saat aksh prabhagon key saath, vayu aur nausena ikaaiyon kii prati maah aapoorti kii aavashyakta thee. farwari seey maee 1941 taka, itali seey ack adhishesh vitarit kiya gayaa thaa. malta seey british hamalon kaa kuchh prabhaav padaa lekin maee mein, shipping nuksan key liye sabse kharaab maheene, 91 pratishat aapoorti aaa gaee. libia mein parivahan kii kamee ney german aapoorti koo tripoli mein fansaaya, jabaki italvi logon key paas kewal juuna mein aapoorti kii record matra taka delivery key liye thaa, lekin saamane kii or, kamee aur badh gaee.
purvavlokan karein.
german hastakshep.
paschimi bhoomadhyasagariya mein german bhagidari juuna 1940 key dauran itali mein aagaman key saath shuru hui, general maximilian wonn poul), khufiya mamalon koo sambhaalane key liye ack sampark sangathan. havaai ikaaiyaan octuber mein itali mein itali key sainikon koo albania leey jaane key liye aaeen aur phir 15 navambar koo 2 (albert casselloring) koo germany seey sthanantarit curr diyaa gayaa aur (huns gesler) norwey seey sisili chaley gaye. janwari 1941 taka, aiks key paas bamvarshak, bamvarshak, chaalees judvaan injan vaale ladaakoo vimaan aur bees tohi vimaan they. aiks ney dakshini itali, sisili aur sardinia key hisse mein sanchaalan koo apane haath mein leey liya, aur baad mein malta koo tatasth karke itali seey uttar africa taka samudri maarg koo surakshit karane key adesh key saath uttar africa mein apana adhikaar leey liya. misra key liye british aapoorti maargon parr hamale kiye jaane they aur uttar africa mein aksh balon koo (general stephen frolich) dwara samarthit kiya jaanaa thaa. pahali udaanen 7 janwari koo ack british kafile aur escorts key khilaf algerian tata seey udaai gaeen.
24 octuber 1940 koo, uttari africa mein sainya abhiyaanon kii sambhavana kii jaanch key baad, general wilheim ritter wonn thoma ney adolph hitler koo bataaya kii aapoorti kathinaaiyon ney nirdhaarit kiya kii uttar african jalavaayu aur bhoobhaag koo dekhate hue kyaa hassil kiya jaa sakata haye, aur bhoomadhyasagariya parr british niyantran. misra parr kabja karane key liye nyuntam aavashyak bull chaar division they, joe itali seey aapoorti kii jaa sakane vaali adhikatam bull bhee thee, lekin hitler ney ack seey adhik bakhtarband division bhejane parr vichaar karane seey incar curr diyaa. 12 navambar koo, hitler ney nirdesh 18 jaari kiya, jisamen adesh diyaa gayaa kii ack panger division koo uttar africa mein jaane key liye taiyar kiya jaae. yahaan taka kii misra mein italvi pragati key baad ise radd curr diyaa gayaa thaa. operation kampas key dauran italvi haar key parimaan kaa ehsas honey key baad, hitler ney 11 janwari 1941 koo nirdesh 22 jaari kiya, jisamen ack (avarodhit tukadi) koo bhejane kaa adesh diyaa gayaa, aur (operation surajmukhi) shuru kiya gayaa. 3 farwari koo, hitler 5vein prakaash "africa" prabhaag (johann wonn revenstein) mein shamil honey key liye ack aur panger prabhaag bhejane key liye sahmat hoe gayaa. pahale german sanic 14 farwari koo libia pahunche aur pahale tank 20 farwari koo. janwari mein libya kii yatra key baad general hains wonn funk dwara dou divisions key ack panger core kii sifarish kii gaee thee, aur rome mein varishth sainya atashe, general eno wonn rintellan dwara; hitler kewal ack aur panger resiment bhejane key liye sahmat hue. 15vein panger division (maximilian wonn herf) key anya tatva aprail key anta mein aaney lagey.
19 farwari koo, (daak), tripolitania kii raksha key liye ack (baadha tukadi) key roop mein banaaya gayaa thaa. france kii ladaai 1940 key baad, (german senaa) ney apane tankon mein atirikt plates koo dalna shuru curr diyaa aur panger resiment 5 aur panger resiment 8 mein seey adhikansh sanshodhit prakaar key they. tank koo registani sthitiyon key liye bhee anukoolit kiya gayaa thaa, jisamen radiator pankhe kii gati badhaakar aur injan dibbe key hatch cover mein chhed karke behtar injan sheetlan praapt kiya gayaa thaa. 5vein prakaash prabhaag kii 5veen panger resiment 1941 seey dou kafile mein savaar hocker uttar africa pahunchi.
resiment mein teen (chhote kamaan vaahan) aur chaar (kamaan vaahan) they. resiment koo majboot karane key liye ack aur 25 panger 10 maee koo tripoli pahunche. panger resiment 5 mein tankon koo abhee bhee gahare bhoore rung () mein chitrit kiya gayaa thaa aur dou praharon key saath ack ulte vaaee key teesare panger division prateek koo leey jaaya gayaa thaa. 18 janwari koo, 10vein panger division key hisse key saath panger resiment 8 koo nae 15vein panger division mein sthanantarit curr diyaa gayaa, jise 33vein paidal senaa division seey banaaya gayaa thaa. panger resiment 8 koo 1941 seey teen kafile mein libya bheja gayaa thaa aur 28 maee taka, uttari africa mein apani assembly poori curr lii thee.
aksh adesh.
7 farwari koo bedaa phome kii ladaai mein general guseppe telera key maare jaane key baad, general italo gariboldi ney 10veen senaa key avasheshon kii kamaan sambhali aur 25 march koo graziani koo libia key governor-general key roop mein pratisthaapit kiya. erwin romel koo padonnat kiya gayaa, daak kii kamaan sambhaalane key liye niyukt kiya gayaa aur 12 farwari koo libia pahunche. german senaa key pramukh commander, walther wonn brachits dwara janwari mein romel koo aakramak ranneeti kaa upayog karate hue tripoli aur tripolitania kii raksha karane kaa adesh diyaa gayaa thaa. commander inn cheef, mario rotta ney gariboldi koo sabhi italvi motor chaalit ikaaiyon koo german kamaan key tahat rakhane kaa adesh diyaa. romel ney 27vein paidal senaa prabhaag "bracia" (bracia prabhaag), 17vein paidal senaa prabhaag "pavia" (pavia prabhaag) aur 132vein bakhtarband prabhaag "ariate" (ariate prabhaag) key antim 60 tankon key saath xxx core koo aage bheja. german uchch kamaan kaa africa mein poorna jeet praapt karane kaa koee irada naheen thaa aur berlin kii yatra parr, tripoli seey seemit pragati key baad bhee, sirte kii khaadi key saath sirte aur phir 19 march koo nophilia parr, romel koo kahaa gayaa thaa kii vaha sudridhikaran kii ummeed naa karein.
cyrecom.
9veen australiyai division aur 2nd bakhtarband division (grees bheje gaye ack brigade samooh koo chhodkar), cyrenaca kamaan (leftinent-general heinry matland willson) key tahat garrison cyrenaca key liye chhod diyaa gayaa thaa, aggar german libia mein sainikon koo bhejate hain tou bull kii aparyaptata key bavjood. misra mein kamaan leftinent-general richard oh 'connor dwara leey lii gaee thee aur xiii core hq koo 1st australiyai core (leftinent-general thomas blemi) key hq dwara pratisthaapit kiya gayaa thaa. yeh maanaa jaataa thaa kii general archibald wewell, madhya poorv key commander-inn-cheef aur misra mein jee. aich. kyu., german taba taka taiyar naheen hoe sakate they, jaba taka kii dusare bakhtarband division tank koo khatm naheen kiya jaa sakata thaa aur dou aur division aur sainya sahaayata, vishesh roop seey topkhaane, 9vein australiyai division key saath taiyar hoe jaayenge. dusare bakhtarband division mein ack tohi resiment thee; teesari bakhtarband brigade mein ack cumm taakat vaali halki tank resiment thee aur ack kabja kiye gaye fiet aim 13/40 tankon seey lais thee. cruiser resiment maarg mein kaee breakdown key baad march key anta mein pahunchi, jisane division koo ack cumm shakti vaali bakhtarband brigade taka laa diyaa. 9vein australiyai division key dou brigedon koo 7vein australiyai division key dou brigedon key saath badal diyaa gayaa thaa, joe cumm prashikshit they aur upkaran aur parivahan kii kamee thee.
angrejon dwara benagaazi koo phir seey kholane key prayaas parivahan kii kamee, kharaab mausam aur farwari kii shuruat seey, bandargah parr bambari aur khanan seey nirash they. hamalon key kaaran angrejon ney aapoorti praapt karane aur operation compass key dauran kabja kiye gaye italvi bhandaron aur upkaranon koo khaali karane key liye iska upayog karane key prayason koo chhod diyaa. parivahan kii kamee ney ell aghela key paschim mein ack garrison kii aapoorti karna asambhav banaa diyaa, joe ack rakshaatmak rekha key liye sabse anukool sthiti thee aur dusare bakhtarband division koo aapoorti dump key beach aavaajaahi key liye pratibandhit curr diyaa, jisase isaki seemit gatishilata koo aur cumm curr diyaa gayaa. farwari mein, leftinent-general phillip name ney cyrecom koo apane niyantran mein leey liya aur bhavishyavani kii kii jaise hii way chaley gaye, kaee tank toot jaayenge. (naam ney yeh bhee paaya kii unhein italvi operators dwara karmchaariyon vaali sthaaniya telephone pranali parr bharosa karna padaa.) name ack uchit bakhtarband division, dou paidal senaa division aur kshetra koo pakadane key liye paryaapt havaai samarthan chaahte they. wewell ney jawab diyaa kii aprail seey pahale bahut cumm bheja jaanaa thaa aur kuchh bhee naheen. march kii shuruat mein, 9vein australiyai division ney operation lustrey key liye mersa brega mein 6vein australiyai division koo raahat denaa shuru curr diyaa, jisane aparyaapt parivahan key saath saamarik chaalon kii kathinaaee kaa pradarshan kiya. 20 march koo, aapoorti mein aasaani key liye australiyai logon koo benagaazi key uttar mein tokra key paas, air regima key paas vaapas leey liya gayaa aur dusare bakhtarband division ney kabja curr liya.
ell aghela aur benagaazi key beach koee aasaani seey sanrakshit sthiti naheen thee, bhoobhaag khula aur achchha tank desh thaa. name koo tank ikaaiyon koo yathasambhav sanrakshit karane kaa adesh diyaa gayaa thaa, phir bhee yadi way hamla karate hain tou aksh balon koo nuksan pahunchaane key liye, yadi dabaaya jaataa haye tou benagaazi taka deree seey ladane key liye aur yadi aavashyak hoe tou bandargah koo chhodane key liye. isase pahale sudridhikaran kii koee sambhavana naheen thee, isaliye paas key escorpment kii oonchi jameen aur uttar mein air regima key paas aur jebel akhdar mein baras koo yathasambhav lambe samay taka rakhaa jaanaa thaa. doosara bakhtarband prabhaag jebel key antardeshiya dakshin mein antlet kii or badhega aur aksh balon key paarshv aur peechhe key khilaf kaam karega, jaba way registan mein mechili aur tobrook kii or badhenge yaa kaatenge. tankon koo truck-janit aapoorti key vikalp key roop mein mess, tekni, martuba, mechili, timimi, ell magrun aur benagaazi mein dipo kaa upayog karna hoga. teesari bhaaratiya motor brigade (brigadier ee. doubleu. dee. waghan) march key anta mein martuba pahunche, apane sabhi parivahan key saath lekin koee tank, topkhana, anty-tank bandooken aur kewal aadhe wireless sett key saath, yadi aksh hamla kartaa haye tou derna, baras yaa mechili kii or badhane key liye taiyar rahein.
yuddh.
24 march-2 aprail.
24 march koo, romel ney british teesari bakhtarband brigade key padon kii or nae key saath aage badhana shuru kiya, joe mersa brega key dakshin-poorv mein thaa, jahan dusare samarthan samooh ney ack morcha rakhaa thaa; australiyai uttar mein they, ack brigade koo chhodkar tobrook mein chhod diyaa gayaa thaa, bahut saare upkaranon kii kamee thee aur dusare bakhtarband division key sampark seey baahar thaa. british havaai tohi ney 25 farwari koo ell aghela key paschim mein german sainikon kaa nireekshan kiya thaa aur 5 march taka, yeh ummeed kii jaa rahee thee kii german commander tripolitania kii raksha koo majboot karega, cyrenaca parr phir seey kabja karane kii koshish karega aur phir misra parr aakraman karega. germans seey ummeed kii jaati thee kii way sirte aur nophilia koo aadhar key roop mein upayog karenge, lekin aprail seey pahale naheen; romel kii pehchaan 8 march koo kii gaee thee, lekin sthaaniya khufiya jaankaari koo dhoondhana mushkil thaa. saamane key paas kuchh sainikon aur vaahanon koo banaae rakhane key liye aavashyak mileage pratibandh aur tej german (aathh-pahiya bakhtarband kaaron) seey khatare ney british tohi ikaaiyon koo baadhit kiya, jinaki bakhtarband kaaren dheemi theen aur jinamen nimnatar hathiyar they.
1 aprail koo, romel ney mersa brega koo pakadane key liye dou collum bheje, jisamen panger resiment 5, machine-gunn batalian 8, tohi ikai 3 aur anty-tank bandooken aur topkhaane key saath machine-gunn batalian 2 key roop mein aage badh rahey they aur kuchh anty-tank bandookon ney registan key madhyam seey dakshin kii or ack baahari kadam badhaaya. british mersa brega seey vaapas chaley gaye, usake baad germans ney ariate division key roop mein aur bracia division ney tripoli seey aage badh curr. 5vein prakaash vibhajan koo italvi apattiyon key bavjood azdabia (agabia) aur zuetina key bandargah parr adesh diyaa gayaa thaa. 3 aprail koo havaai tohi seey pataa chalaa kii british abhee bhee sevaanivritt hoe rahey they aur romel ney ack italvi tukadi dwara dakshini hisse key chaaron or ack jaanch kaa adesh diyaa aur kaee german platoonon koo leftinent-curnell gerhard wonn schwerin key tahat matten ell grara kii or bheja gayaa, jahan seey unhein benagaazi aur bengania key dakshin-poorv mein mess kii or jameen kaa nireekshan karna thaa. tohi ikai 3 koo solach aur ghemin kii or phir seey jaane kaa adesh diyaa gayaa thaa; shaam key dauran romel ney unhein benagaazi parr jaane kaa adesh diyaa.
3 seey 5 aprail.
3 aprail koo, gambier-pairi koo ack report millie thee kii ack badaa dushman bakhtarband bull mess (abb faati nagarpalika mein zaviyat massus), mukhya sambhaagiya aapoorti dump key sthaan parr aage badh rhaa thaa. teesari bakhtarband brigade (brigadier reginald rimmington) vahaan chully gaee aur paaya kii petrol koo pakadane seey rokane key liye nasht curr diyaa gayaa thaa. tank brigade koo pahale seey hii nuksan aur tootane seey cumm curr diyaa gayaa thaa aur british aur aksh balon kii sthiti key baare mein paraspar virodhi report praapt hui thee aur 5 aprail koo, report kii gaee thee kii ack badee aksh bull ell abiyar parr aage badh rhaa thaa, jisase unhein 9vein australiyai division koo vaapas benagaazi key uttar-poorv mein vaadi cuff aur dusare bakhtarband division key tatvon koo registani paarshv kii raksha karane aur mechili parr sevaanivritt honey kaa adesh diyaa gayaa. paraspar virodhi reports ney inn aadeshon koo radd karane key liye naam liya, jisase australiyai bahut bhram mein parh gaye. 6 aprail koo, british havaai tohi ney bataaya kii registan mein aksh stambh they aur teesari bhaaratiya motor brigade ney mechili parr ack hamale koo peechhe hataa diyaa, jisake kaaran cyrecom mukhyalaya mein oh 'connor (naam ney gambier-pairi jaane key liye chhod diyaa thaa), ack samanya vaapsee kaa adesh dene key liye.
dwiteeya bakhtarband division aur dwiteeya sahaayata samooh key mukhyalaya koo mechili vaapas jaane kaa adesh diyaa gayaa, jisake baad teesari bakhtarband brigade koo vaapas bheja gayaa. rimmington ney faisala kiya kii bakhtarband brigade mein mechili taka pahunchane key liye eendhan kii kamee thee aur usane maraura jaane kaa adesh diyaa, jahan thodi matra mein petrol paaya gayaa thaa. rimmington ney adhik eendhan praapt karane key liye jiyovanni berta key madhyam seey derna jaane kii yojana banaai; jaba vaha aage badhe tou rimmington koo apane dipty key saath pakad liya gayaa. brigade ney aage badhana jaari rakhaa aur australiyai logon koo bheed lagaa dee, joe derna koo darkinar curr rahey they, kyonki way gajala kii or vaapas chaley gaye. australiyai logon ney una sabhi vaahanon koo ikattha kiya thaa joe badey paimaane parr dhwast kiye jaane key peechhe jaa sakate they aur peechhe hutt sakate they, joe 1st batalian king kii royal rifle core (1st Krc) dwara cover kiye gaye they, joe haal hii mein misra seey aaee ack motor batalian thee. (2/13 australiyai batalian koo mechili seey track koo avaruddh karane key liye martuba bheja gayaa thaa aur division kii pahali ikaaiyaan 7 aprail taka mimi pahunch gaeen, jahan 26 veen australiyai brigade ney shahar koo dhaaran kiya, jaba taka kii division aur anya ikaaiyon key straggler gujar naheen gaye.)
ezabia aur zuetina key beach 5vein prakaash vibhaag ney bataaya kii eendhan bharane key liye chaar dinon kii aavashyakta thee, lekin romel ney adesh diyaa kii pratyek aapoorti vaahan koo utaar diyaa jaae aur atirikt ladaakoo vaahanon key saath, ell aghela key paschim mein vaapas bhej diyaa jaae, taaki 24 ghante key bheetar eendhan ekatra kiya jaa sakey, jabaki baaki vibhaag ney intezar kiya. gariboldi kii adhik apattiyon key bavjood, romel ney faisala kiya kii aggar angrejon koo fansaaya jaanaa haye tou aage badhana hii hoga. tohi ikai 3 kii raat mein benagaazi mein pravesh kiya aur usa subah romel ney ise mechili taka jaari rakhane kaa adesh diyaa, jaise hii bracia division aaya. jaise hii ikaaiyaan benagaazi pahunchin, romel ney unhein stambhon mein banaaya, samooh schwerin koo timmy aur samooh fabris koo bheja gayaa, jisamen motorcycle savaar aur ariate divisional artillery shamil they, isake baad baaki ariate division koo bheja gayaa. general streach, 5vein light division commander koo machine-gunn batalian 8, panger resiment 5 kaa hissa aur ack tank-rodhi company key saath tobrook karane kaa adesh diyaa gayaa thaa. leftinent-curnell olbrich, panger resiment 5 commander, koo machine-gunn batalian 2, topkhaane aur ariette division kii ack bakhtarband batalian key saath bheja gayaa thaa, mess key madhyam seey mechili yaa timimi aur mejar-general heinrich kirchem key paas, joe sanyog seey kshetra mein they, koo sanghai kiya gayaa thaa aur bracia division key saath jebel akhdar key madhyam seey dou stambhon key saath aage badhane kaa adesh diyaa gayaa thaa.
4 aprail key anta taka, samooh schwerin eendhan seey baahar thaa aur bayne gania key paas funce gayaa thaa, jisamen italvi dall peechhe chala rahey they aur samooh streach kewal matten ell grara taka hii pahunch gayaa thaa; agale dinn samooh streach seey ack dall tengader taka pahuncha aur baaki loga peechhe kii or jaa rahey they. tohi ikai 3 koo charuba key paschim mein dusare samarthan samooh topkhaane dwara rokaa gayaa thaa aur samooh olbrich antlet taka pahunch gayaa thaa, jisamen ack machine-gunn ikai ney scledima key poorv mein dabai thee; samooh kirchem kaa driana mein ack stambh thaa aur doosara regima mein thaa. 5 aprail koo havaai tohi seey pataa chalaa kii british abhee bhee peechhe hutt rahey they; romel ney aksh stambhon koo mechili mein milane kaa adesh diyaa. samooh fabris aur ariate division, mechili key dakshin mein bayne gania aur tengader key beach aur shaam koo romel seey alag machine-gunn batalian 8 (leftinent-curnell gustaav ponath) koo samooh streach seey roque diyaa gayaa aur ise mechili leey jaaya gayaa, jahaan samooh schwerin kii unnat ikaaiyaan 6 aprail koo jaldi pahunchin. ponath koo ack chhoti party key saath derna kii or bheja gayaa thaa, jiss samay taka kirchem samooh kaa ack stambh madalena key paas aur doosara ell abiyar key poorv mein thaa. tohi ikai 3 shayed hii sthanantarit hui thee aur samooh olbrich mein phir seey eendhan khatm hoe gayaa thaa. ponath tata sadak parr pahunch gayaa aur 7 aprail kii shuruat mein derna key dakshin mein havaai kshetra mein aage badhaa.
6-8 aprail.
kirchem ney jebel akhdar key madhyam seey pavia division (samanya pietro zaglio) key gair-machinikrit bhaagon aur bracia division koo yantrikrit aur motor chaalit ikaaiyon key saath bheja. 6 aprail koo, ariate division mechili pahuncha aur dopahar mein, ponath ney derna havaai kshetra key paas apane samooh koo phir seey ikattha kiya aur british vaapsee maargon mein seey ack koo kaat diyaa. 5veen shaahi tank resiment (5veen aar. tii. aar., leftinent-curnell aich. dee. drow), dou dridh hamalon koo peechhe hataate hue aur phir antim chaar british tankon key saath jawabi hamla kiya. tank key baahar nikalane seey pahale baaki british alag hoe gaye aur derna mein stragglers key liye sadak khuli chhod dee gaee. name ney cyrecom mukhyalaya koo tobrook key paschim mein timimi vaapas jaane kaa adesh diyaa thaa, jahan cheef off staff, brigadier johnn harding 7 aprail koo jaldi pahunche, taaki name yaa oh 'connor kaa koee sanket naa mille. harding ney cyrecom koo tobrook mein jaane kaa adesh diyaa aur misra mein apane darr kii soochana dee. vaapsee key dauran, name, oh 'connor aur brigadier combay ney maraua koo chhod diyaa thaa aur giovanni berta mein ack registani track liya thaa, lekin phir poorv kii bajaay derna kii or uttar kii or galat modd liya, aur martuba key paas samooh ponath mein bhaag gaye.
romel kaa irada 7 aprail koo mechili parr hamla karane kaa thaa, lekin aksh bull bikhare hue they, eendhan kii kamee thee aur thuck gaye they. subah key dauran samooh kapade aage badhe lekin erite division aur samooh streach koo pahunchane mein puuraa dinn lagaa, jiss parr raaf dwara hamla kiya gayaa thaa; lambi doori key registani samooh kaa ack squadron dakshin seey aksh andolanon koo pareshan karane key liye dikhaai diyaa thaa. 7 aprail kii raat taka, 9vein australiyai division (24vein australiyai paidal senaa brigade seey cumm) ney dusare samarthan samooh key saath tobrook key paschim mein acroma mein avaruddh curr diyaa thaa, jahaan 18veen aur 24veen australiyai paidal senaa brigade raksha kii taiyari curr rahee thee. (18veen australiyai paidal senaa brigade misra seey samudra key raaste seey 7veen australiyai division key grees mein bhejane key baad radd curr dee gaee thee.) dakshin aur dakshin-paschim seey aaney vaale maargon kaa nireekshan karane key liye tobrook key dakshin mein ack chhote seey bull ell addam koo aayojit kiya gayaa thaa aur mechili mein, gambier-pairi mein dusare bakhtarband division mukhyalaya soft-skin vaale vaahan aur ack cruiser tank thaa, joe kii teesari bhaaratiya motor brigade kaa adhikansh hissa thaa, aim battery pahali royal horse artillery, 2/3 australiyai anty-tank resiment kaa hissa aur anya ikaaiyon key tatva they.
germans ney dou baar juari-pairi koo dhokha dene kii koshish kii, lekin unhein cyrecom seey adesh milaa kii way baahar nikalen aur ell addam mein peechhe hutt jaaen, gambier-pairi ney aashcharyachakit karane key liye subah hamla karane kaa faisala kiya. 8 aprail koo, 18veen ghudsavaar senaa kaa ack squadron toot gayaa aur phir italvi topkhaane parr hamla karane key liye muda gayaa, kyonki 11vein rajkumar albert victor key apane ghudsavaar (seemant bull) key kuchh bhaaratiya sanic door chaley gaye. adhikansh sainya-dall koo neeche giraa diyaa gayaa thaa, lekin dusare shaahi nartakiyon key chhote dalon parr dusare prayaas key dauran way bhaag gaye. garrison ney apane adhikansh chhote hathiyaron key golaa-barud koo german tankon key drishti slitt parr daaga thaa, joe khaanon key darr seey vaapas latak gaye they aur jaba italvi paidal senaa ney hamla kiya, tou unake paas bahut cumm golaa-barud bachaa thaa. gambier-pairi aur bhaaratiya aur australiyai sainikon ney pavia division key commander mejar-general pietro zaglio key saamane aatmasamarpan curr diyaa.
tobrook.
8 aprail taka, sabse unnat german ikaaiyaan derna pahunch gaee theen, lekin kuchh ikaaiyaan joe jebel key taar koo kaat chuki theen, paani aur eendhan kii kamee seey baahar nickle gaeen. 15vein panger division key commander, pretwitz koo tobrook seey purvi nikas koo avaruddh karane key liye tobe, tank-rodhi, machine-gunn aur topkhaane kii ikaaiyon key ack collum key saath aage bheja gayaa thaa, kyonki 5vaan prakaash division dakshin-paschim seey aage badhaa aur bracia division paschim seey aage badhaa. romel ney misra mein cyrecom kaa peechha karane aur alexandaria koo lene kii ummeed kii, lekin aapoorti lines koo adhik failaane, ocadeblue key virodh aur tobrook key british bachaav ney ise asambhav banaa diyaa.
10 aprail koo, romel ney suez nahar koo daak kaa uddeshya banaaya aur adesh diyaa kii tobrook seey ack breakout koo rokaa jaanaa thaa. agale dinn bandargah koo nivesh kiya gayaa thaa lekin poorv kii or 5vein prakaash vibhajan, dakshin mein samooh pretwitz (pretwitz koo maar diyaa gayaa thaa) aur paschim mein bracia vibhajan key saath bheed samaapt hoe gaee. tohi ikai 3 bardia gaee aur ack sanyukt bull koo mersa maatrih taka pahunchane kii koshish karane key liye solam bheja gayaa, lekin british mobile bull (brigadier villium goat) dwara seema parr rokaa gayaa, jisane solam aur capuzo key aspas ack deree kaarravaai kii. tobrook kaa bachaav lagbhag aur australiyai sainikon key ack bull dwara kiya gayaa thaa, joe aapoorti key saath achchi tarah seey bhandarit thaa aur nausena dwara misra seey judaa huaa thaa. garrison key paas bakhtarband kaaren theen aur unhone italvi tankon parr kabja curr liya thaa, joe seema key liye tobrook seey gujarane key saath-saath misra parr aksh aakraman koo asambhav banaa dete they.
isake baad.
vishleshan.
1956 mein, aaee. aiss. oh. playfair, british aadhikarik itihaaskaar ney likhaa kii ack aksh jawabi hamale key liye aavashyak samay key baare mein british dhaaranaaen avaastavik naheen theen, lekin romel kii saahas aur iss tathya seey bhramit theen kii teesari bakhtarband brigade kewal naam mein ack brigade thee, misra mein brigade yaa 7vein bakhtarband division mein donon koo phir seey susajjit karane key liye koee tank upalabdh naheen they. jaba daak ney hamla kiya tou koee bakhtarband bull jawabi hamla karane yaa aksh sanchaar koo kaatane mein saksham naheen thaa. jaba taka angrej jebel akhdar mein peechhe hutt gaye they, paidal senaa mein gatishilata kii kamee thee, teesari bakhtarband brigade key tank tukadon mein gir gaye they aur ekmatra aarakshit tank, topkhaane aur tank-rodhi bandookon key binaa ack motor brigade thee. jaba taka aksh balon key paas paintarebaazi karane key liye eendhan thaa, taba taka angrejon key paas dakshin mein baahari hamalon key khilaf koee raksha naheen thee. tobrook key peechhe hatane mein safalata millie lekin pahala italo-german aakraman ack parichaalan safalata aur "romel key liye ack jeet" thee.
peechhe hatane key dauran daaf dwara saamana kiye jaane vaale nuksaanon key bavjood, sanchaalan parr iska bahut cumm prabhaav thaa. yeh senaa key adhikaar key tahat naheen thaa aur vayu senaa key uddeshyon koo chunaa. british sainikon aur vaahanon key dalon parr kaee straffing hamale kiye gaye they, lekin yeye cyrenaican ubhaar aur jebel akhdar key dakshin mein peechhe hatane key kuchh maargon key bavjood, baadhaon parr kendrit naheen they. daaf koo grees key liye squadron pradaan karane key liye samaapt curr diyaa gayaa thaa aur 8 aprail taka kewal dou ladaakoo aur ack bamvarshak squadron thaa jaba ack aur bamvarshak squadron aaya. ladaakoo squadranon koo mahatvapurna kshetron mein vyarth khade gasht kaa sahaara lena padaa aur kabhi-kabhi yatayat jaam koo cover karane mein saksham they, lekin dou petrol kafile parr havaai hamalon koo rokane mein asamarth they, jinhen nasht curr diyaa gayaa thaa. britishon key paas vayu shreshthata banaae rakhane key liye vimaan kii kamee thee aur aksh vayu senaa ney ise jabt karane kaa koee lagaatar prayaas naheen kiya, jisase donon pakshon kaa prabhaav chhitput hoe gayaa.
aapoorti kii baadhaon ney aksh key liye madhya-aprail taka libian-misra seema parr seema taar seey bahut aage badhana asambhav banaa diyaa thaa. jaba taka tobrook kaa bandargah angrejon key paas thaa, seema parr aksh kii sthiti asthir thee, kyonki italo-german gherabandi seey vichalit they, jabaki british misra mein apani taakat kaa punarnirmaan curr sakate they. hafaya, sofafi, book book aur sidi barrani parr adharit british mobile bull key stambhon ney capuzo aur solam key aspas key kshetra mein germans koo pareshan karna shuru curr diyaa aur sidi aziz key paas ack ghaat key baad, sthaaniya german commander ney rommel koo ack chetavani dene vaali report bheji, jisase samooh key herf dwara ack hamale kii or agrasar hoe gayaa, jisase british vaapas bukh aur sofafi kii or dhakel diye gaye, lekin tobrook parr aprail key hamale mahange whiffle rahey.
cooper ney 1978 mein likhaa kii baarah dinn kii agrim raashi key baad 11 aprail koo tobrook kaa nivesh kiya gayaa thaa. german tank apane british samkakshon seey behtar saabit hue they, lekin aksh binaa tobrook key solam kii tulanaa mein aage poorv mein ack bull banaae naheen rakh sakaa. german balon ney 2 maee seey aur phir seey hamale seey tobrook raksha kii jaanch kii, romel ney sweekaar kiya kii aksh bull tobrook koo pakadane key liye paryaapt naheen thaa. misra seey ack british jawabi hamale koo peechhe hataane key liye taiyari karni hogi, joe kii chaal seey adhik eendhan nirdhaaran andolan kii purani kamee haye. (italvi sashastr balon kii uchch kamaan) misra mein aage badhane seey pahale ack viram chaahata thaa, jaisa kii hitler ney kiya thaa, joe tobrook parr kabja karna bhee aavashyak maanate they; romel ney golaa-barud, eendhan aur paani koo aage leey jaane key liye aur vimaanon kii maang kii. general staff key upa pramukh general friedrich paul koo sthiti parr report karane key liye africa bheja gayaa thaa. britishon koo paul kii report key ack atee-gupt vivaran key madhyam seey praapt huaa, lekin "kaafee khufiya takhtapalat" koo galat tareeke seey sambhala gayaa, jisase operation sankshiptata key samay seey pahale hamale koo protsaahit kiya gayaa.
1993 mein, harold raugh ney likhaa kii itani saaree british ikaaiyon kaa grees mein sthanantaran, ikaaiyon key misra mein sthanantaran key saath-saath aksham commanders kii niyukti aur bhoobhaag kaa thheek seey adhyayan karane mein unaki viphalata kii safalata kaa mukhya kaaran thaa. aakraman karane kii germans kii kshamata koo cumm karke aanka gayaa thaa aur ultra aur aim. aaee. 14 (british sainya khufiya) seey prachur khufiya reports key bavjood, wewell, yuddh karyalaya aur winston churchill dwara sthiti koo badalane kii kshamata, dussahas aur sambhaavit romel kii andekhi kii gaee thee. 1949 mein, wewell ney likhaa kii unhone cyrenaca mein ack anuchit jokhim liya thaa, joe italvi senaa seey ladane key anubhav key aadhar parr aksh kii apekshaon koo taiyar kartaa thaa; "maine nishchit roop seey italvi logon key apane anubhav key baad rommel key liye bajat naheen banaaya thaa. mujhe adhik vivekpurna honah chaahiye thaa..."
hataahat.
british taba haar gaye jaba 8 aprail koo teesari bhaaratiya motor brigade key adhikansh logon koo mechili mein aatmasamarpan karane key liye majboor honah padaa. leftinent-general phillip name aur richard oh 'connor, richard gambier-pairi, dusare bakhtarband division commander, brigadier reginald rimmington aur leftinent-curnell johnn combay koo pakad liya gayaa. teesari bakhtarband brigade ney apane adhikansh tankon koo yaantrik tootane, eendhan kii kamee aur unhein pakadane seey rokane key liye dhwast curr diyaa. lagbhag bees tankon koo marammat key liye pahale tobrook mein vaapas curr diyaa gayaa thaa aur peechhe hatane key dauran teen anya anupayogi tankon koo bachaaya gayaa thaa; tankon koo baahar curr diyaa gayaa thaa lekin kaee koo baad mein baramad curr liya gayaa aur marammat kii gaee.
baad key sanchaalan.
tobrook kii gherabandi.
11 seey 12 aprail taka, panger resiment 5 ney ell addam road key paas 20veen australiyai brigade key bachaav kii jaanch kii aur topkhaane kii golibari seey khaded diyaa gayaa; german paidal senaa joe tank-rodhi khaai taka pahunchi, unhein australiyai paidal senaa dwara vaapas jaane key liye majboor kiya gayaa. german aashcharyachakit they, yeh maanate hue kii tobrook mein shipping garrison koo khaali karane key liye thee aur aksh vaahanon key samoohon kii raat key liye 5vein prakaash prabhaag dwara hamale kii yojana banaai gaee thee, 45 aur 55 squadron raaf dwara hamla kiya gayaa thaa, joe paridhi key ander havaai kshetron mein phir seey sashastr they. hamla ell addam sadak key paschim mein anty-tank khaai parr chadhane key prayaas key saath shuru huaa, joe kii 2/17 th australiyai batalian sector mein thaa aur ise khaded diyaa gayaa thaa. baad mein ack aur prayaas kiya gayaa aur subah taka ack chhota pull sthaapit kiya gayaa thaa, jahan panger resiment 5 bandargah key liye ack stambh mein vibhajit karane key liye taiyar thee aur ack paschim kii or jaane aur garrison koo kaatane key liye uttar kii or muda gaee thee, lekin aage badhana bund curr diyaa gayaa thaa. italvi bandargah kilebandi key liye khaaka pradaan karane mein dheemi gati seey they aur teen saptah key baad, romel ney hamalon koo nilambit curr diyaa aur gherabandi phir seey shuru curr dee. italvi paidal senaa prabhagon ney kille key baare mein sthiti sambhali, jabaki daak key badey hisse ney bandargah key dakshin aur poorv mein ack gatishil sthiti banaae rakhee, jisase seema aasaani seey pahunch mein rahee.
operation sankshiptata.
operation sankshiptata ack seemit british aakraman thaa, jise misra-libia seema parr solam, fort capuzo aur bardia key aspas kamjor aksh front-line balon key khilaf ack teji seey prahaar key roop mein yojnabaddh kiya gayaa thaa. britishon koo paul dwara sankalit report kaa ack atee-avarodhan praapt huaa thaa, joe tobrook aur seema parr aksh kaa saamana karane vaali thakawat aur vikat aapoorti sthiti parr adharit thaa, jisane aksh seema parr nuksan pahunchaane key samay seey pahale prayaas koo protsaahit kiya aur tobrook kii or baad mein hamale key liye koodane vaale sthaanon parr kabja karane key liye. paschim mein tobrook kii senaa ney akshiya hamalon kaa virodh kiya thaa aur isake australiyai aur british sanic abhee bhee tripoli seey aksh aapoorti rekha koo khatare mein daal sakate they, jisake kaaran romel ney gherabandi koo prathamikta dee, jisase agrim rekha koo cumm rakhaa gayaa. 15 maee koo, teen tukadiyon mein ack mishrit paidal senaa aur bakhtarband bull key saath hamla kiya gayaa.
ardhaaya paas koo dridh italvi vipaksh key khilaf liya gayaa thaa aur libia mein, british ney kille capuzo parr kabja curr liya thaa, lekin german jawabi hamalon ney dopahar key dauran kille koo phir seey hassil curr liya, jisase rakshakon koo ack mahangi haar kaa saamana karna padaa. operation achchi tarah seey shuru huaa thaa aur aksh commanders koo bhram mein daal diyaa thaa, lekin isake adhikansh shuruati laabh jawabi hamalon mein khou gaye they aur tobrook seey aaney vaale german sudridhikaran key saath, operation koo bund curr diyaa gayaa thaa. yeh chinta kii baat thee kii unaki senaaon koo german tankon dwara khule mein pakade jaane kaa khatra thaa aur 16 maee koo aadhe paas seey ack charanbaddh vaapsee kaa sanchaalan kiya gayaa thaa. 26 seey 27 maee taka, german sainikon ney operation bichchu mein darre parr phir seey kabja curr liya. angrejon ney operation battlex kii taiyari phir seey shuru curr dee joe 15 juuna koo shuru hui.
yuddh key adesh.
आदेश। prakaash prabhaag
15vaan prabhaag (maee 1941 taka charanon mein aaya)
cyrenaca kamaan aur british sanic misra.
jee. aich. kyu. madhya poorv bull
libya
cyrenaca kamaand
misra
aich. kyu. british sanic misra
vasant 1941
alexandria upa-kshetra
mersa maatri upa-kshetra
suez nahar upa-kshetra

