
montana bairakon kii gherabandi

montana bairak () kii gherabandi dou divasiya gherabandi thee joe spanish grihyuddh kii shuruat mein, julaai 1936 mein madrid mein dusare spanish ganarajya key khilaf vidroh kii praarambhik viphalata koo chihnit karati thee. madrid mein suraksha balon kaa badaa hissa sarkaar key prati wafadar rhaa, aur shramikon key milicia dwara samarthit, vidroh koo kuchal diyaa.
prishthabhoomi.
17-18 julaai 1936 mein, spanish senaa kaa ack hissa, adhikaariyon key ack samooh key netritva mein-unamen seey generalon jose sanjurjo, francisco franco, emilio molla, manual godad aur gonzalo queipo dee laano-ney dusare spanish ganarajya kii lokpriya agrim sarkaar koo ukhaad fenkane kii koshish kii. rajdhani, madrid parr kabja, julaai 1936 key takhtapalat key pramukh lakshyon mein seey ack thaa. iss vishesh sthaan parr iss takhtapalat koo galat yojnabaddh aur anaadi tareeke seey nishpaadit kiya gayaa thaa. gantantra key prati shatrutapurna vividh tatvon-baaz, rajtantravadi, kuchh senaa adhikaari aur spanish sainya sangh key sadasyon key beach koee samanvaya naheen thaa.
madrid mein sajish key samanvayak, curnell valentin gallarza morante koo hirasat mein leey liya gayaa thaa aur bujurg aur anirnaayak general villegas ney unaki jagah lii thee. haalaanki villegas ney antim samay mein pratyaksh bhagidari seey bachane kaa faisala kiya aur samanya joaquin fanjul ney cumm samay mein unaki jagah leey lii. madrid mein sarkaar samarthak balon kii vishesh roop seey majboot ekagrata thee. inmein ardh-sainya suraksha bull aur sangathit-halanki iss star parr aam taur parr nihatthe-sangh samooh shamil they. anta mein, niyamit madrid senaa key adhikaariyon aur sainikon kaa ack badaa hissa sajish mein shamil naheen thaa aur nirvaachit sarkaar key prati wafadar rahane key liye pahale seey hii taiyar thaa.
madhya shahar key paschim mein madrid key poorv shaahi mahal key paas principe piyo parr sthit, montana bairak 1860 mein banaae gaye they. isamen teen alag-alag imaaraten shamil theen joe ack badey kille jaisi sanrachana banaane key liye judee theen, jisake saamane ack vistrit glacier aur parapet they. ise aam taur parr paidal senaa kii teen resiments, engineeron kii ack resiment aur atirikt visheshagya ikaaiyon dwara tainaat kiya jaataa thaa, halanki julaai 1936 mein kaee sanic grishmakaaleen chhutti parr they.
ack aur aathh resiment, saath hii chaar swatantra batalian aur dou topkhaane samooh, shahar mein aur usake aspas sthit anya sainya balon mein sthit they. anta mein, hamale key rakshakon kii 25 companiyan aur 14 nagrik rakshak yaa tou madrid mein sthit they yaa julaai key uday seey kuchh samay pahale ganarajya key adhikaariyon dwara laae gaye they. inn prashikshit suraksha balon kii bhoomika mahatvapurna saabit honey thee.
madrid mein takhtapalat.
18 julaai.
18 julaai koo, spanish morakko mein senaa key badhane kii khabar madrid taka pahunchi, aur shramikon key samanya sangh aur shram key rashtriya sangh ney hathiyaron key vitaran kii maang kii. haalaanki sarkaar ney shuru mein nagrikon koo hathiyar dene seey incar curr diyaa. phir bhee, leftinent curnell rodrigo gill ruiz key netritva mein yuva adhikaariyon key ack samooh ney shramikon key beach 5,000 raifalen vitarit keen.
sajishkartaon ney yojana banaai thee kii general garsia herron carabanchel mein senaa key shivir koo jabt curr legaa aur general fanjul, plaza dee espana key paas, principe piyo parr sthit monta bairak seey aantarik shahar parr kabja curr legaa. anya vidrohi adhikaariyon koo taba cuetro viento aur surakshit havaai addon parr kabja curr lena chaahiye thaa, lekin yojana whiffle hoe gaee. isake alawa, madrid mein sivil gaard key commander, general sebastian pojas perea aur assault gaard-lagbhag 6,000 purush-sarkaar key prati wafadar rahey.
19 julaai.
19 julaai koo, pradhaan mantri jose giral kii naee sarkaar ney sanghon koo hathiyar jaari karane kaa faisala kiya; 65,000 raifalen saunpi gaeen, lekin kewal 5,000 key paas boult they. anya 60,000 bolton koo alag seey montana bairak mein sangraheet kiya gayaa thaa. bairak key commander, curnell mois seraa ney iss aavashyak upkaran koo saunpane key yuddh mantri key adesh kii avahelana kii, jisase prabhaavi roop seey madrid mein vidroh kii shuruat hui.
19 julaai kii subah, general fanjul montana bairak mein pahunche, jaisa kii anya medrid garrison key adhikaariyon key samoohon aur kaee baaz aur rajtantravadi swayamsevakon ney kiya. apane saathi adhikaariyon koo sainya uday key raajneetik lakshyon parr vyakhyan dene key baad, fanjul ney apane sainikon key saath kendriya shahar kii sadakon parr aage badhane kii koshish kii, jinaki sankhya abb lagbhag 2,000 adhikaari, sainya cadet aur sanic aur 500 swayamsevak hain.
rashtriya shram sangh aur shramikon key samanya sangh dwara aayojit lagbhag 8,000 kii bheed, kuchh sashastr, bairak key chaaron or ikattha hoe gaee thee. hamale key liye tainaat guards koo padosi imaraton kii chhaton parr golibari karate dekhaa gayaa. fanjul ney gherabandi koo todane key prayaas key bajaay bairak parisar mein vaapas jaane aur shahar key anya sainya balon seey madad kii prateeksha karane kaa faisala kiya. anya shahar key sainya balon mein takhtapalat whiffle hoe gayaa thaa. carabanchel mein, general garsia herron koo sarkaar key khilaf uthaane kii koshish karate hue apane hii sainikon dwara maar diyaa gayaa thaa aur vahaan topkhaane bairakon koo wafadar adhikaariyon dwara surakshit kiya gayaa thaa.
ell pardo mein engineer ikaaiyon koo unake adhikaariyon dwara spen mein kaheen aur uthaan koo dabaane key bahaane uttar kii or vaapas leey liya gayaa thaa. retiro mein pahali paidal senaa resiment ney binaa kissy virodh key apane bairakon koo sarkari balon key saamane aatmasamarpan curr diyaa thaa. anta mein surakshit havaai adde parr, ack vayu senaa adhikaari kii mrityu key baad vidrohiyon koo wafadar sainikon dwara haraaya gayaa thaa. isase agale dinn montana bairak key oopar udaanon kii anumati dee gaee, shuru mein parche aur phir bumm giraane key liye.
communist key netritva vaale faasivaad virodhi karyakarta aur kisan milicia ney paanch bataliyanon kaa gathan kiya jinhone gherabandi mein sakriya bhaag liya. inmein seey ack batalian prasiddh paanchvin resiment bunn gaee.
20 julaai.
20 julaai kii subah, ack sevaanivritt topkhaane key adhikaari kaptan orad kii kamaan mein dou 75 mimi bandooken, aur ack 155 mimi bandook gherabandi mein shamil hoe gaee. isake alawa, cuetro vientos havaai adde seey ack bregget xxx yuddh vimaan ney bairakon parr bambari kii. aadhe duss baje, ack bumm ney fanjul aur seraa koo ghayal curr diyaa. kuchh kshanon baad bairak key ander kuchh sainikon ney aatmasamarpan karane key iraade seey khidakiyon seey ack safed chaadar lehrai. hamale kaa netritva curr rahey leftinent moran key adesh key khilaf, bheed aage badhee lekin anya rakshakon ney bairak seey machine gunn seey una parr golibari kii. yeh dou baar huaa, jisamen kaee loga maare gaye yaa ghayal hoe gaye.
dopahar key aspas, inn ghatnaaon seey pareshan bheed mukhya dwaar seey hocker gujar gaee. kuchh aatmasamarpan karane vaale rakshakon kaa mukhya aangan mein bheed dwara narsamhar kiya gayaa thaa, kaee koo ack oopari gallery seey fenk diyaa gayaa thaa. tasveeron mein vardidhari shavon seey bharaa aangan dikhaaya gayaa haye. orad aur arturo berey donon ney kaee vidrohi adhikaariyon koo dekhate hue bataaya joe ack mess room mein ikattha hue they aur phir khud koo goli maar lii thee. cumm seey cumm kuchh baaz aur rajtantravadi swayamsevak nagrik kapade pahane hue bhram mein fisalane mein saksham they.
bairak girane key turant baad maare gaye logon mein curnell seraa bhee shamil they. ghayal general fanjul koo anya jeevit vidrohi adhikaariyon key saath, mukadame key liye madrid key model jail mein hirasat mein liya gayaa thaa. 145 vidrohi adhikaariyon mein seey joe montana bairak mein they, 98 ladaai mein maare gaye, aatmasamarpan key baad maare gaye, aatmahatya curr lii, yaa baad mein unhein maar diyaa gayaa.
kuchh sainya-daston koo kathit taur parr kulhaadiyon, chaku aur guchhe seey hamlaavaron ney maar daala thaa. rakshakon key beach kull nuksan kaa anuman 200 aur 1000 key beach haye jabaki hamlawar balon key beach hatahaton kii sankhya kaafee cumm prateet hoti haye. bairak parr hamale kaa tatkaal kaaran rifle boult aur golaa-barud koo assault guards dwara jabt curr liya gayaa aur yuddh mantralaya mein leey jaaya gayaa.
isake baad.
madrid mein vidrohi sainikon koo haraane key baad, milicia, nagrik gaard aur hamale key guards key collum madrid chhod gaye aur alkala dee heneres aur gwadalajara parr kabja curr liya. baad mein, fanjul aur vilegon koo sainya vidroh key liye doshi thaharaaya gayaa aur unhein fansi dee gaee. kshatigrast bairak taba taka vinashkari sthiti mein rahey jaba taka kii ise dhwast naheen curr diyaa gayaa aur kshetra koo "kaile dee feraaz" (feraaz street) key saarvajanik udyaanon mein jodaa gayaa.

