villium ewart gladstone kii premiership

villium awart gladstone 1868 aur 1894 key beach chaar alag-alag avsaron parr grate britten aur ireland key sanyukt raajya key udaar pradhaan mantri they. way apane naitik netritva aur vishva shaanti, aarthik bajat, raajneetik sudhaar aur ayrish prashn koo hull karane key prayason parr jore dene key liye jaane jaate they. gladstone ney khud koo ack raajneetik aur lagbhag dhaarmik mission dwara sanchaalit ack rashtriya netaa key roop mein dekhaa, jise unhone chunaavon aur janata kii antaratma key liye naatakiya appeal key madhyam seey maanya karane kii koshish kii. unake drishtikon ney kabhi-kabhi liberal party koo vibhajit curr diyaa, jiss parr unhone teen dashakon taka prabhutva jamaaya. anta mein gladstone ney ayrish grih shasson key mudde parr apani party koo vibhajit curr diyaa, jise unhone raajneetik laagat kii parwah kiye binaa sachche saarvajanik hita dwara anivarya maanaa.
pratham sarkaar (1868-1874).
1867 key chrismus key dauran earl russell ney ghoshana kii kii vaha agale aam chunaav mein liberal party kaa netritva naheen karenge aur isaliye gladstone ney liberal party key netaa key roop mein unakaa sthaan liya. 1868 key parinami aam chunaav (sudhaar adhiniyam 1867 mein adhiniyamit vistaarit matadhikar key tahat pahala) ney house off commons mein 112 seeton kaa udaar bahumat vaapas curr diyaa.
1868 seey 1874 taka pradhaan mantri key roop mein gladstone ney ack udaar dall kaa netritva kiya joe khud jaise chhilakon, kattarpanthiyon aur kattarpanthiyon kaa gathbandhan thaa; gladstone abb "shaanti, arthavyavastha aur sudhaar" key liye ack pravakta they."
1870 aur 1874 key beach dhaarmik vivaadon ney vyaapak udaarvaadi party gathbandhan koo nasht karane mein ack pramukh bhoomika nibhai. shiksha, ayrish vighatan aur ayrish vishvavidyalayon parr vivaadon ney ack or, shiksha parr raajya niyantran aur ack gair-sampradayik, naitik roop seey utthaankaari isai dharm key prachaar key liye, aur doosari or gladstone aur unake samarthakon key beach antar dikhaaya, joe ack aadhunik nagrik shakti seey dharm kii swatantrata kii raksha karane kii maang karate they. iss vibhajan ney shiksha aur ireland parr bhavishya kii neeti parr samjhaute kii sambhaavanaon koo ack sthaayi jhataka diyaa.
pramukh kaanoon.
ayrish church adhiniyam 1869 mein sannihit ireland key church kii sthaapana pahala pramukh sudhaar thaa. isake baad 1870 key makaan malik aur kirayedar adhiniyam ney ayrish kiraayedaron koo saarvajanik dhana udhaar dekar jamindaaron seey anuchit vyavhaar seey bachaane kaa prayaas kiya taaki way apani sampatti khareed sakein. adhiniyam ney bhoomi swaamiyon kii shaktiyon koo apane kiraayedaron koo manmaane dhang seey bedkhal karane aur bedkhali key liye muaavaje kii sthaapana karane key liye seemit curr diyaa, joe joth key aakar key anusaar bhinn thaa aur kiraaye kaa bhugtan karane mein whiffle rahane key liye bedkhal kiye gaye logon key liye paatr naheen thaa.
gladstone kii sarkaar ney praathamik shiksha adhiniyam 1870 bhee paarit kiya, jisane ingland koo pahali baar praathamik vidyaalayon kii paryaapt pranali pradaan kii. isane vaikalpik vidyalaya boardon kii ack pranali sthaapit kii, jinaki sthaapana shiksha pradaan karane key liye kii gaee thee, jahaan koee swaichhik vidyalaya naheen they. inn boardon key paas darein lagaane kii shakti thee aur jinase school kaa nirmaan hotaa haye, shikshak niyukt hotey hain, aur una bachchon koo upasthit honey key liye majboor karane kii kshamata (yadi way uchit samajhate hain) joe koee anya shiksha praapt naheen curr rahey they. way swaichhik vidyaalayon key liye kuchh bachchon kii phees kaa bhugtan karane mein bhee saksham they.
1871 mein gladstone kii sarkaar ney pahali baar trade yuniyanon kii sadasyata koo kanuni banaane key liye trade union adhiniyam paarit kiya. haalaanki, aaparaadhik kaanoon sanshodhan adhiniyam 1871 key saath pickett karna avaidh rhaa, jisase yeh ack vishisht aaparaadhik aparaadh bunn gayaa, jise jail mein teen maheene kii kadee mehnat seey dandit kiya jaa sakata haye. matpatra adhiniyam 1872 bhee paarit kiya gayaa thaa, jisane samanya aur sthaaniya chunaavon key liye gupt matpatra sthaapit kiye they.
licenses adhiniyam 1872 ney saarvajanik gharon mein khulane key ghanton koo pratibandhit curr diyaa; bear kii samagri koo viniyamit kiya; sthaaniya adhikaariyon koo licenses key ghante nirdhaarit karane kii shakti dee aur baro koo sabhi sharaab parr pratibandh lagaane kaa vikalp diyaa. inn neetiyon koo pulis dwara lagu kiya gayaa thaa. yeh kaary aam taur parr alokpriya thaa aur kuchh shaharon mein dangon kaa kaaran banaa. adhiniyam seey pahale sharaab udyog kaa jhukaav udaar thaa, lekin abb yeh poori tarah seey badal gayaa haye, aur "1871 key madhya seey [jaba pahale licenses bill parr charcha kii gaee thee] 1874 key vighatan taka united kingdam mein lagbhag harr saarvajanik-ghar roodhivaadi party key liye ack sakriya samiti-kaksh thaa. gladstone ney 1874 key aam chunaav mein roodhivaadi jeet key liye iss kaary koo doshi thaharaaya, likhate hueh "humm jinn aur bear kii dhaar mein gir gaye hain.
nyaypalika adhiniyam 1873 key sarvocch nyayalaya ney angreji nyayalaya pranali (uchch nyayalaya aur appeal nyayalaya kii sthaapana) koo phir seey taiyar kiya. isane ingland key liye ack nyaayik nikaay key roop mein house off lords kii bhoomika koo hataane kaa bhee prayaas kiya, lekin 1874 kii roodhivaadi jeet key kaaran iss praavdhaan koo lagu naheen kiya gayaa thaa.
yuddh key liye gladstone key raajya sachiv key roop mein, edward cardwell ney british senaa key doorgaami sudhaaron koo lagu kiya, jise cardwell sudhaaron key roop mein jaanaa jaayega.
vitt.
1868 mein gladstone ney saarvajanik kharch koo rokane kii ummeed karate hue robbert low (1811-92) koo sarkari khajaane kaa kuladhipati niyukt kiya. saarvajanik kharch mein vriddhi hui aur harshollas ney ise "dayaniya roop seey cumm" ghoshit kiya."maloney nott kartaa haye kii itihaaskaar iss parr sahmat hain. cumm vyavasthit roop seey cumm anumaanit rajaswa, jisase vaha curr katauti key liye akrosh kaa virodh karane mein saksham hoe gayaa, aur isake bajaay rashtriya rinn koo cumm curr sakaa. unhone jore dekar kahaa kii curr pranali sabhi vargon key liye uchit hoe. nishpakshata key apane mandand-kii pratyaksh aur apratyaksh karadhan key beach santulan aparivartit rahata haye-key kaaran vaha safal rahey. itihaaskaar bataate hain kii yeh santulan kabhi bhee varg kii ghatnaaon kaa ack achchha upaay naheen thaa aur usa samay taka poori tarah seey pracheen thaa.
1871 taka senaa aur nausena parr saarvajanik vyay 1858 key baad seey apane sabse nichale star parr thaa. kull milakar, rashtriya saarvajanik vyay 1868 mein £ 71,000,000 seey 1870 aur 1871 mein £ 67,000,000 taka cumm hoe gayaa thaa. haalaanki, 1874 mein yeh badhkar £ 74,604,000 hoe gayaa. phir bhee, gladstone pratyek varsh key liye £ 17,000,000 kii raashi key paanch adhishesh kaa utpaadan karane mein saksham thaa. vaha 1873 mein pound mein aaya curr koo 3 pence taka cumm karane mein saksham thaa (unhone 1874 kii shuruat mein sansad key vighatan taka agast 1873 mein sarkari khajaane key kuladhipati kaa karyalaya phir seey shuru kiya), aur agale varsh ise poori tarah seey samaapt karane kaa prastaav rakhaa yadi unhone agala aam chunaav jeetaa.
videsh neeti.
1870-71 key franco-russie yuddh key baad, gladstone ney german chansler otto wonn bismark koo parajit fraans seey alsas aur lorren koo jodane seey rokane key liye manaane kaa prayaas kiya. gladstone ney octuber 1870 mein "edinberg sameeksha" mein apane vichaaron kaa samarthan karate hue ack anaam lekh prakaashit kiya, lekin yeh lambe samay taka gumnam naheen rhaa. haalaanki, germans koo gladstone key prastaavon parr vishvaas naheen thaa. france 1919 aur 1944 mein donon praanton koo phir seey hassil curr legaa-lekin germany key saath dou vishva yuddhon key baad hii.
americi grihyuddh (1861-1865) key dauran, rajkosh key kuladhipati key roop mein gladstone ney sangh key paksh mein british aur francisi hastakshep kaa samarthan kiya. unaki salah koo pradhaanmantri ney aswikar curr diyaa aur britten asambaddh rhaa. haalaanki, british farmon ney hathiyaron kii khareed key liye vittaposhit kiya aur unhein nakabandi karane vaalon mein sangraheet kiya, jahan unhein sangh kii nakabandi key madhyam seey kapas key badale sangh mein taskari kii jaayegi. parisanghiya jahaaj css "alabama" koo ack angreji bandargah mein banaaya gayaa thaa aur baad mein sangh shipping koo kshatigrast curr diyaa thaa. 1872 mein gladstone ney aanshik roop seey "alabama daavon" koo sanyukt raajya america koo washington kii sandhi key hisse key roop mein kewal british-nirmit sangh key hamlaavaron dwara kiye gaye nuksan key hisse key roop mein $15,500,000 dekar nipataaya.
senaa mein sudhaar.
gladstone ney sainya mamalon parr bahut cumm dhyaan diyaa lekin 1870 mein senaa key sangathan mein sansad key badey badlaavon koo aage badhaaya. france parr germany kii aashcharyajanak jeet ney saabit curr diyaa kii aadhunik hathiyaron key saath peshevar sainikon kii prussian pranali britten dwara upayog kii jaane vaali sajjan-sainikon kii paaramparik pranali seey kaheen behtar thee. inn sudhaaron koo yuddh karyalaya kii shakti koo kendrikrit karane, adhikaariyon key aayogon kii khareed koo samaapt karane aur soochibaddh purushon key liye seva kii chhoti sharton kii sthaapana karke britten mein tainaat aarakshit balon kaa nirmaan karane key liye banaaya gayaa thaa.
edward cardwell (1813-1886) ney yuddh key liye raajya sachiv (1868-1874) key roop mein una sudhaaron koo taiyar kiya joe kushalata aur loktantra key naam parr samarthan karate they. 1868 mein unhone kode maarne koo samaapt curr diyaa, jisase niji sanic kaa darja ack sammaanjanak currier kii tarah badh gayaa. 1870 mein cardwell ney bharti key liye "inam kii raashi" koo samaapt curr diyaa, gyaat kharaab paatron koo rank seey chhutti dey dee. unhone kanada kii tarah 20,000 sainikon koo swa-shaasit upaniveshon seey baahar nikala, jinhen pataa chalaa kii unhein apana bachaav karane mein madad karni haye. sabse krantikari parivartan, aur jisake liye gladstone kii raajneetik taakat kii aavashyakta thee, vaha thaa yogyata key bajaay khareed dwara commission aur padonnati praapt karane vaale adhikaariyon kii pranali koo samaapt karna. iss pranali kaa matlab thaa kii ameer jamindar parivaaron ney senaa mein sabhi madhyam aur varishth rank koo niyantrit kiya. padonnati parivaar kii sampatti parr nirbhar karati thee, naa kii adhikaari kii pratibha parr, aur madhyam varg lagbhag poori tarah seey bund hoe gayaa thaa. british 
adhikaariyon seey sajjanon aur khilaadiyon key honey kii ummeed kii jaati thee; aggar way poori tarah seey sainya gyaan yaa netritva kaushal mein ichchuk they tou koee samasya naheen thee. tory key drishtikon seey adhikaari dall koo sajjanon kaa adhikaar rakhna aavashyak thaa, naa kii vyaapaar kaa. 
peshevar visheshagyon key liye. unhone chetavani dee kii baad vaalaa alpajantra koo khatare mein daal sakata haye aur sainya takhtapalat kii dhamki dey sakata haye; unhone ack sattawadi raajya kii tulanaa mein ack aksham senaa koo prathamikta dee. bismark kii naee germany key uday ney iss pratikriyaavaadi neeti koo ack mahaan samrajya key liye jokhim key liye bahut khatarnak banaa diyaa. yeh vidheyak, joe vartamaan maalikon koo unake nakad nivesh key liye kshatipurti kartaa, 1871 mein aam paarit huaa lekin house off lords dwara avaruddh curr diyaa gayaa. isake baad gladstone ney binaa kissy pratipurti key pranali koo chhodane key liye kadam rakhaa, jisase prabhuon koo peechhe hatane aur mool bill koo manjuri dene key liye majboor honah padaa. udaarvaadi loga gladstone key abhijatyavaad-virodhi key liye raili karate they, lord cardigan (1797-1868) key mamle kii or ishara karate hue, jinhone apane commission key liye £40,000 kharch kiye aur aparaadh yuddh mein poori tarah seey aksham saabit hue, jahan unhone 1854 mein vinashkari "light brigade key aarop" kaa adesh diyaa. cardwell ack samanya karmchari pranali sthaapit karane key liye paryaapt shaktishali naheen thaa; jise 20 veen shatabdi kaa intezar karna padaa. unhone yuddh vibhaag koo phir seey vyavasthit kiya. unhone yuddh key liye raajya sachiv key karyalaya koo senaa key commander inn cheef seey behtar banaaya; commander unake shaahi mahamahim duke off cambridge (1819-1904), raani key pahale chachere bhaai aur sudhaaron key virodhi they. ayudh key sarvekshak-general aur vittiya sachiv sachiv koo report karane vaale pramukh vibhaag pramukh bunn gaye. milicia mein bhee sudhaar kiya gayaa aur senaa mein ekikrit kiya gayaa. soochikaran kii avadhi ghataakar 6 varsh curr dee gaee thee, isaliye adhik karobar aur prashikshit aarakshit logon kaa ack badaa pool thaa. resiments key liye bharti kii kshetriya pranali koo maankeekrit kiya gayaa thaa aur vartamaan aabaadi key anusaar samaayojit kiya gayaa thaa. cardwell ney senaa key bajat koo cumm curr diyaa, phir bhee senaa kii taakat mein 25 batalian, 156 feeled gunn aur prachur bhandaron kii vriddhi kii, jabaki videshi seva key liye upalabdh bhandar koo 3,500 seey badhaakar 36,000 curr diyaa gayaa thaa.
doosari sarkaar (1880-1885).
1880 key aam chunaav mein gladstone key udaarvaadi 352 seeten jeet gaye, 110 kaa laabh, roodhivaadiyon key liye 237 aur ayrish home ruul leag key liye 63 key mukabale. yeh ack aramdayak antar thaa, lekin dalbadal hamesha badhat koo cumm karate hue dikhaai dete they aur kabhi-kabhi haar kaa kaaran banate they. apani umr key bavjood, gladstone ack athak netaa aur aayojak they, aur sabse pratibhashali vaktaa they; haalaanki unhone kuchh samay key liye sarkari khajaane key apane kuladhipati key roop mein seva karke oorjaa barbad kii. unaki liberal party koo chhote "kattarpanthi" dall aur badey "wig" samooh key beach teji seey gutbaddh kiya jaa rhaa thaa. gladstone ney ack apekshaakrit kamjor cabinet kaa chayan kiya joe whiggs kaa paksh letaa thaa. phir bhee, kuchh loga unaki shaahi neeti key kaaran alag-thalag parh gaye they, jabaki kattarpanthi netaa, joseph chamberlain ney ireland key liye unaki grih shasson yojana kaa virodh karane key kaaran alag hoe gaye they.
yeh tark diyaa gayaa haye kii gladstone ney bradlog mamle koo galat tareeke seey sambhala, jisase vipaksh koo ack dhaarmik upman milaa, jiska way varshon taka upayog karate rahey, jisake parinamswarup unaki doosari sevkai pahale kii tarah lagbhag safal naheen hui.
naee sarkaar dwara shuru kiye gaye kaanoon key pahale pramukh tukadon mein seey ack praathamik shiksha adhiniyam 1880 thaa, jisane pahali baar anivarya shiksha (aaee. dee. 1 varsh seey cumm ayu key sabhi bachchon key liye) key siddhant koo kaanoon mein sthaapit kiya.
1881 mein gladstone koo vishvaas hoe gayaa kii ireland key liye ack bhoomi vidheyak paarit karane key liye, kaanoon aur vyavastha koo bahaal kiya jaanaa chaahiye. farwari 1881 mein sarkaar ney shaanti sanrakshan (ireland) adhiniyam 1881 paarit kiya, jisane ireland key vaaysaraay koo bandee pratyaksheekaran koo nilambit karane kii shaktiyan deen, aur unhein prabhaavi roop seey kissy koo bhee bund karane kii shakti dee, jaba taka kii vaha pasand kartaa thaa. yeh vaha kaary thaa jiska upayog ayrish rashtravadi netaa charles stevert parnel koo giraftar karane key liye kiya jaataa thaa. usa varsh agast mein sansad ney bhoomi kaanoon (ireland) adhiniyam 1881 paarit kiya, jisane ayrish kiraayedaron koo "teen fs" diyaa; uchit kiraya, karyakal kii sthirata (suraksha); aur apani joton koo swatantra roop seey bechane kaa adhikaar. gladstone kii sarkaar ney kiraya (ireland) adhiniyam 1882 kaa bakaaya bhee paarit kiya, jisane prati varsh 30 pound seey cumm kii bhoomi parr kabja karane vaale ayrish kiraayedaron key liye kiraya bakaaya koo radd curr diyaa, joe bhugtan karane mein asamarth they.
vivaahit mahila sampatti adhiniyam 1882 ney vivaahit mahilaaon koo sampatti khareedane, bechane aur apane swaamitva kaa vahee adhikaar diyaa jaisa kii avivaahit mahilaaon ney diyaa thaa aur itihas mein pahali baar mahilaaon koo kanuni roop seey apane swayam key adhikaar mein vyaktiyon key roop mein maanyata diye jaane kaa prabhaav padaa thaa.
gladstone kii doosari sarkaar ney bhee kaee chunavi sudhaar dekhe. bhrashtachar aur avaidh prathaon kii roktham adhiniyam 1883 kaa uddeshya chunaavon mein bhrashtachar koo samaapt karna aur lock pratinidhitva adhiniyam 1884, jisane countiyon koo baro key samaan matadhikar diyaa-vayask purush grihasth aur £10 lodgers-aur kull sankhya mein lagbhag 60 laakh jode joe sansadiya chunaavon mein matdan curr sakate they. sansadiya sudhaar seeton key punarvitaran adhiniyam 1885 key saath jaari rhaa.
saarvajanik vyay koo 1879 key pichhale prashaasan seey viraasat mein mille £ 83,000,000 seey 1881 mein £ 81,000,000 seey thodaa cumm curr diyaa gayaa thaa. haalaanki 1885 mein yeh badhkar £ 89,000,000 hoe gayaa. lagbhag teen varshon taka unaki doosari sarkaar key liye gladstone ney kuladhipati kaa karyalaya phir seey shuru kiya. unhone kisaanon key liye malt parr curr koo samaapt curr diyaa, 1880 mein aaykar parr ack pence jodkar aur bear parr shulk lagu karke iska vittaposhan kiya. 1881 mein unhone pound mein aaykar koo ghataakar paanch pence curr diyaa, aur spirit, probate aur viraasat parr shulk badhaakar iska vittaposhan kiya. 1882 mein apane antim bajat mein gladstone ney aaykar mein jodaa.
8 juuna 1885 koo bajat matdan mein gladstone kii sarkaar apratyaashit roop seey haar gaee aur isaliye agale dinn lord salisbury dwara alpamat mein roodhivaadi prashaasan key gathan key saath, gladstone ney pradhaanmantri pada seey istifa dey diyaa.
videsh neeti.
jabaki vipaksh mein gladstone ney israel key aakramak samrajyavad key khilaf baat kii. vishesh roop seey 1880 key apane madhya lothian abhiyaan bhashanon mein unhone sarkaar key apane udaar darshan parr prakaash daala thaa. abhiyaan kii pramukh chinta videshi mamalon key saath thee; unhone kaanoon dwara shaasit ack vishva samudaay aur kamjoron kii raksha key apane drishtikon koo susamacharak utsaah key saath vyakt kiya. iska aadhar saarvbhaumiktaa aur samaveshita thee; unaki bhaavnaatmak appeal dusaron key liye chinta kii bhavna taka pahunch gaee, joe antatah maanav jaati kii ekataa kii badee tasveer taka badh gaee. jaba vaha karyalaya mein laute tou gladstone kaa irada sahee aacharan aur sahee siddhanton koo bahaal karna thaa, lekin janmat-vishesh roop seey graameen kuleen varg key beach-ney unaki sarkaar koo shaahi raksha aur vistaar jaari rakhane key liye majboor kiya, vishesh roop seey misra mein. ack samay jaba france, germany aur anya teji seey apane samrajyon kaa vistaar curr rahey they, unhone british samrajya key vistaar kaa virodh kiya.
gladstone ney ottoman samrajya key liye israel key samarthan key khilaf apane madhya lothian abhiyaan key aadhar parr 1880 kaa chunaav jeetaa. vaha afghanistan key kandhar mein british senaa koo vaapas laker israel kii videsh neeti koo ulatane key liye aage badhaa aur cyprus koo grees koo saunpana chaahata thaa, halanki usey lord granville dwara isase manaa curr diyaa gayaa thaa. haalaanki unhone chunaav abhiyaan mein paraswal key vilay kii ninda kii thee, lekin unhone janwari 1881 mein ghoshana kii kii swa-sarkaar naheen honey vaali haye. boaron ney farwari mein isake khilaf vidroh kiya aur britishon koo majuba pahaadi kii ladaai mein balpurvak baahar nikaal diyaa. gladstone ney baad mein agast mein pretoria sammelan koo lagu kiya, jisase pahale boer yuddh kaa anta huaa. octuber mein leads mein ack bhaashan mein, gladstone ney ghoshana keeh "jabaki humm samrajyavad key khilaf hain, humm samrajya key prati samarpit hain.
haalaanki, 1882 mein curnell urabi key netritva mein misra mein ack rashtravadi vidroh huaa. suez nahar key liye ack kathit khatra thaa, aur isaliye bhaaratiya samrajya key saath-saath misra key bandhanon key british dharakon key saath isake saath british sanchaar. sabse pahale, gladstone ney europe key sangeet karyakram seey saamoohik kaarravaai karane kii appeal kii, halanki yeh utsaaheen pratikriyaon seey puuraa huaa. france ney shuru mein alexandaria mein shaahi nausena mein shamil honey key liye yuddhapot bheje, lekin germany key khilaf apani raksha koo kamjor karane key darr seey sainya balon koo bhejane seey incar curr diyaa. 10 julaai koo gladstone ney nirdesh diyaa kii baarah ghante key bheetar alexandaria key sainya kilebandi koo rokane key liye urabi koo ack ultimatum diyaa jaae. urabi ney koee jawab naheen diyaa aur isaliye 11 julaai koo shaahi nausena ney shahar parr bambari kii, jabaki francisi vaapas chaley gaye. isake parinamswarup dange hue aur sansad seey £ 2,300,000 praapt huaa aur aaykar koo 5 "d" seey badhaa diyaa gayaa. 61⁄2 "dee" taka. ack sainya abhiyaan key liye vittaposhan karna. yuddh mein jaane key nirnay kaa liberal party key bheetar seey virodh huaa, aur kattarpanthi aim. pee. johnn brite ney virodh mein mantrimandal seey istifa dey diyaa. 19 agast koo surr garnet volsley kii kamaan mein british sanic bandargah parr utare aur 13 sitambar koo tail-ell-kebir kii ladaai mein urabi kii senaa koo haraaya. british vijay kii khabar sunkar harshollas huaa aur unake sammaan mein hyde park mein bandookon koo salami dene kaa adesh diyaa. 
janwari 1884 mein gladstone ney mahadi muhammad ahmed key vidroh key baad misra key sainikon koo vahaan seey nikaalane key sarvottam sadhanon key baare mein report karane key liye sudan koo samanya gherabandi bhejane key liye sahamati vyakt kii. jaba gherabandi sudan mein pahunchi tou vaha rajdhani khartoum koo apane kabje mein rakhna chaahata thaa. pahale gladstone ney raahat abhiyaan bhejane seey incar curr diyaa, lekin kuchh maheenon baad unhone sahamati vyakt kii aur octuber 1884 mein general volsley carro seey khartoum key liye ravaana hue, lekin gherabandi koo bachaane key liye vahaan bahut dair seey pahunche, joe khartoum key mahadi key haathon girane seey marr gayaa thaa. "gladstone key currier mein kissy bhee ghatana ney unhein adhik alokpriya naheen banaaya" aur aam logon mein ninda key vote ney sarkaar key bahumat koo ghataakar chaudah curr diyaa.
dhaarmik mudde.
charles bradlau key mamle mein bahut prachaar kiya gayaa thaa, joe baar-baar sansad key liye ack udaarvaadi key roop mein chune gaye they, lekin way ack naastik honey key kaaran naheen baith sakey. bradlau adhikansh muddon parr ack paaramparik udaarvaadi they, lekin way janm niyantran key ack atyadhik vivadaspad prastaavak bhee they. takniki mudda yeh thaa kii kyaa ack naastik "bhagwan kii kasam" key bajaay apani wafadari kii "pushti" curr sakata haye."gladstone bradlogh koo baithane key liye ladey, lekin ack kanuni drishtikon apanaaya jisane roodhivaadiyon koo dhaarmik bhaavanaon key liye appeal key saath udaarvaadi parr hamla karane kii anumati dee. udaarvaadi vibhajit hoe gaye aur unake kaaran koo nuksan huaa. bradlau koo aakhirkaar 1886 mein baithaaya gayaa aur 1888 mein sansad ney ack kaanoon paarit kiya jisamen shapath key bajaay pushti kii anumati dee gaee.
1880 key baad bahut cumm prachaar key saath, ingland key church sanrakshan key muddon parr raani victoria seey teji seey alag hoe gayaa thaa. gladstone kii neeti kewal yogyata aur netritva kshamata key aadhar parr bishap aur deane koo naamit karna thaa. raani, jise israel ney protsaahit kiya, una narampanthiyon kaa samarthan karati thee joe uchch church party (joe udaarvaadi logon kaa samarthan karane kii pravritti rakhti thee) koo rokenge.
teesari sarkaar (1886).
navambar/disambar 1885 key aam chunaav mein udaarvaadi 33 seeten haar gaye lekin janwari 1886 mein salisbury ney aam sabhaa mein vote khone key baad pradhaanmantri pada seey istifa dey diyaa aur isaliye 1 farwari koo gladstone ney sarkaar banaai. itihaaskaar unaki umr koo unaki lachilepan key liye ack spashteekaran key roop mein ingit karate hain. unhone apane mantrimandal mein kattarpanthi bhoomika koo cumm kiya, kewal joseph chamberlain ney usa gutt kaa pratinidhitva kiya. iska parinam aantarik kalah thaa joe mantrimandal koo itna kamjor curr diyaa kii thhos uplabdhiyon kii kamee thee. itihaaskaar donald southgate kaa tark haih
itihaaskaar robbert enser ney likhaah 
gladstone ireland kii or muda gayaa. pahala grih niyam vidheyak 8 aprail koo sansad mein pesh kiya gayaa thaa aur bhoomi khareed vidheyak 16 aprail koo pesh kiya gayaa thaa. joseph chamberlain aur george otto travellion ney cabinet seey istifa dey diyaa jaba gladstone ney unhein bataaya kii vaha bill pesh karane kaa irada rakhate hain.
bhoomi khareed vidheyak ney ireland mein jamindaaron koo-jyaadaatar protestant-20 saal key kiraaye kii keemat parr apani bhoomi apane kiraayedaron koo bechane mein saksham banaaya. khareed koo 3 pratishat parr british credit parr surakshit £ 120,000,000 dwara vitt poshit sarkari rinn dwara vittaposhit kiya jaanaa thaa. yeh vidheyak udaarvaadi logon key liye ack jhataka thaa aur kuchh hii maheenon mein gladstone kii sarkaar koo neeche laa diyaa. ayrish rashtravadi pratikriya mishrit thee, sanghwadi raay shatrutapurna thee, aur 1886 key chunaav key dauran chunaav sambodhanon seey angreji kattarpanthiyon koo bhee vidheyak key khilaf honey kaa pataa chalaa. udaar varg aur file key beach, kaee gladestonian ummidvaaron ney vidheyak koo aswikar curr diyaa, joe nirvaachan kshetra key star parr iss ashanka koo darshaata haye kii kamkaji logon key hiton kaa balidan bhoomi abhijaat varg key liye ack bachaav abhiyaan key vittaposhan key liye kiya jaa rhaa thaa. bhoomi khareed vidheyak kii sabhi pakshon seey aalochana kii gaee aur ise hataa diyaa gayaa. grih shasson vidheyak koo 313 key mukabale 343 maton seey haraaya gayaa, jisake khilaf 93 udaarvaadi matdan curr rahey they. iss prakaar liberal party key sthaayi vyavadhaan key alawa kuchh bhee puuraa naheen huaa.
liberal party chhodane vaale logon ney abb liberal unionwadi party kaa gathan kiya. gladstone ney sansad koo bhang curr diyaa aur ack aam chunaav kaa ahwan kiya jisake parinamswarup salisbury key tahat ack sanghwadi (roodhivaadi aur udaar sanghwadi) bhaari jeet hui.
chauthi sarkaar (1892-1894).
1892 key aam chunaav ney sanghvaadiyon kii tulanaa mein adhik udaarvaadi vaapas kiye, lekin samagr bahumat key binaa. sanghwadi taba taka karyalaya mein rahey jaba taka kii unhone aich dwara sthanantarit avishvaas prastaav khou naheen diyaa. aich. 11 agast koo esquith. 82 varsh kii ayu mein pichhali baar gladstone pradhaanmantri baney aur donon hii iss pada parr niyukt honey vaale sabse umradaraaz vyakti they aur jaba unhone 84 varsh kii ayu mein 1894 mein istifa dey diyaa tou way pradhaanmantri pada parr kabja karane vaale sabse umradraj vyakti they.
1892 mein saarvajanik companiyon key nideshak pada seey istifa dene key liye mantriyon kii shart banaane vaale pahale pradhaan mantri gladstone they. 1895 mein salisbury aur unake baad arther balfour ney ise chhod diyaa thaa, lekin 1905 mein liberal heinry campbelle-bannerman dwara ise bahaal kiya gayaa thaa aur taba seey ise dekhaa jaataa rhaa haye.
ayrish rashtravadi maton parr bharosa karane key kaaran, gladstone ney farwari 1893 mein doosara grih shasson vidheyak pesh kiya, 21 aprail koo 43 maton seey doosara vaachan aur 1 sitambar koo 34 maton seey teesara vaachan paarit kiya. haalaanki house off lords ney 8 sitambar koo 41 key mukabale 419 maton seey matdan karke vidheyak koo maar daala. gladstone prabhuon key khilaf abhiyaan chalaane key liye ack aam chunaav kaa ahwan karna chaahte they, lekin unake sahyogiyon ney unhein aisaa karane seey manaa curr diyaa.
una varshon mein saarvajanik vyay 1892-93 pound mein saat pence parr aaykar key saath £ 80,000,000 thaa. 1894 mein britten key aayaton kii kull raashi £ 408,000,000 thee, jisamen kull british nirmit niryaat £ 216,000,000 thaa (aur aayaton kaa punah niryaat £ 57,000,000 thaa).
disambar 1893 mein lord george hamilton dwara prastaavit ack vipakshi prastaav mein shaahi nausena key vistaar kaa ahwan kiya gayaa. gladstone ney kuladhipati key roop mein apane pahale key raajneetik currier key mukt vyaapaar udaarvaad kii parampara mein nausena key anumaanon parr saarvajanik vyay badhaane kaa virodh kiya. haalaanki, unake lagbhag sabhi sahayogi shaahi nausena key kuchh vistaar mein vishvaas karate they. gladstone ney surr villium harcourt key ack snaatak mrityu shulk koo lagu karane key prastaav kaa bhee virodh kiya, jise gladstone ney "merey jivankal kaa sabse krantikari upaay" bataaya.
gladstone ney 2 march, 1894 koo swaasthya key aadhar parr pradhaanmantri pada seey istifa dene kaa faisala kiya. raani ney gladstone seey naheen poochha kii kaun unakaa uttaradhikari baney, balki lord roseberry key liye bheja (gladstone ney lord spensor koo salah dee hogi).

