stigliano, sovikil

stigliano tuscany, itali mein ack gaanv haye, joe siena praant mein sovikil key "samudaay" kaa ack "fraaziyon" (upkhand) haye.
itihas.
pracheen kaal.
jaisa kii sienevechia kii oonchaai parr (pracheen bastiyon kii raksha karane vaali divaaron) key khandharon kii khudai seey pataa chalata haye, stigliano kii utpatti lohe key yug key samay kii haye. vidvaanon ney sujhaav diyaa haye kii inn sanrachanaon kaa nirmaan attruscan dwara senon key aakraman key khilaf raksha key roop mein kiya jaa sakata thaa. baad vaale kii upasthiti kii pushti sthaaniya sthalnamon jaise kii gaanv key brena key naam seey hoti haye, joe kii stigliano key karib haye, joe unake netaa brenus key naam seey utpann hoe sakata haye. sthaaniya mers nadee kaa naam, joe stigliano key peechhe bahati haye, sambhaavit roop seey purvi germany key ack shahar mersberg seey seedhe sambandhit haye. orgia aur rossia donon gair-roman naam hain, joe sambhavatah lombard avadhi seey sambandhit hain.
haalaanki roman kaal key dauran stigliano key baare mein bahut cumm jaankaari haye, lekin "sextillionum" naam, joe baad key abhilekhon mein dikhaai detaa haye, baad mein gaanv kaa naam dene parr ack niji sampatti key astitva koo dikhaa sakata haye.
madhya yug.
stigliano una kaee mahalon mein seey ack haye joe "ardengeska" sangh kaa hissa they, joe lombard vansh key samanti swami they.
madhya yug mein stigliano iss kshetra koo paar karane vaali sadakon key network kaa kendra thaa, ack maasaa maritima aur doosara rossia nadee key baad maremma kshetra taka. sabhi maarg tori aur stigliano key gaanvon seey gujarate they; purani sadakon key nishan stigliano key paas key jangal mein dekhe jaa sakate hain.
tori mein ack mathh kii upasthiti ney kshetra mein aarthik vikas koo badhaava diyaa. bhikshuon ney ack krishi aur audyogik kranti kii, daldal koo nikaalate hue aur daldal key saath paani kii milon kii shuruat kii. nadee mein harr prakaar kii hydrolic machinary thee, lekin mukhya roop seey way, joe jaali key roop mein, ciderergy seey sambandhit theen.
paani aur lakadi kii prachurta, joe siena vyapariyon dwara itani buri tarah seey yaad kii jaati thee, ney 13veen shatabdi key dauran stigliano aur padosi gaanvon key vikas koo prabhaavit kiya. yeye praakritik sansaadhan kshetra key pramukh shahar siena key liye mahatvapurna they, jinhone antatah apane uddeshyon key liye ordengash bhoomi koo lene kaa faisala kiya. pahala sthaapit udyog oona key maalikon, "dha faultura" kaa thaa, jinhone meras nadee key kinare hydrolic machinary vikasit karane key liye tori mein bhikshuon key saath ack anubandh parr hastakshar kiye. baad mein, nadee koo sieneez samudaay dwara nirmit vishal aataa milon kii ack shrinkhala koo bijli dene key liye modd diyaa gayaa, jinamen seey teen abhee bhee khade hainh molino dell pero, brena key paas, molino seravelle aur molino dell palazzo. saine rokko taka jaane vaalaa seedha maarg bhee isi samay banaaya gayaa thaa. kuchh anya mill, "sassa" aur "volta", kewal khandahar hain. yeye milein siena kii aapoorti key liye aate key utpaadan key liye apariharya theen. unaki jatil jall pranali kilometres taka faili hui thee aur tuscany mein madhya yug kii sabse mahatvapurna takniki uplabdhiyon mein seey ack thee.
1320 mein bhoomi sampattiyon kii ack saavdhaanipoorvak soochi, joe curr uddeshyon key liye siena adhikaariyon dwara kii gaee thee, madhya yug mein iss kshetra seey aaya key mukhya srot kaa khulasa karati haih loha udyog. yadyapi abhee bhee adim, hydrolic machinary dwara saidurji mein bahut sudhaar kiya gayaa thaa, aur yeh parishkaar key uchch star taka pahunch gayaa thaa. iss yug key dauran, stigliano ack swatantra samudaay thaa, joe vann key badey kshetron kaa malik thaa aur naa kewal kisaanon balki vaanijyik udyamiyon aur vyapariyon koo bhee isake nivaasiyon koo aavantan key liye anumati detaa thaa. 13veen shatabdi taka sieni logon key saath bhoomi adaan-pradaan koo darj karane vaale dastavej hain. haalaanki, 1348 mein kaali maut key prakop aur jansankhya mein girawat key baad, inn uplabdhiyon kii upeksha kii gaee aur 18 veen shatabdi mein krishi key punruddhar kii tulanaa madhyayugeen kaal mein sampann kendra seey naheen kii jaa sakee. plaig aur usake baad kroor condoteary senaaon kii upasthiti, jinhone graameen ilaakon koo luutaa, ney samudaay aur usaki bhoomi key beach talmel koo barbad curr diyaa. 
stigliano ney punarvitaran key ack charan seey gujarna padaa, aur bhoomi kii badee sampattiyon koo poorv vyapariyon aur bankers dwara ikattha kiya gayaa thaah borges parivaar, jinhone palazzo mein ack gadh key roop mein apani mukhya jagir sthaapit kii, aur pechi parivaar, jinhone pogiarello, dha. aage, sieneez aspatal saanta maria della scala seey sambandhit ack khet koo shaanti parivaar koo betch diyaa gayaa aur poderina naamak ack sampatti bunn gaee (19 veen shatabdi mein niyogothik shally mein punarnirmit). ack aur punarjagaran vilaa, joe kabhi ventuary-gallerani parivaar key swaamitva mein thaa, baad mein upekshit aur ack farmhouse mein badal gayaa, piyagiya mein haye.

