saud binn abdulaziz all saud (1748-1814)

saud binn abdulaziz all saud (1748-27 aprail 1814) ney 1803 seey 1814 taka pahale saudi raajya parr shasson kiya. saud ney ottoman samrajya seey makka aur madina koo apane kabje mein leey liya jisase vaha pahala all saud shaasak bunn gayaa jisane dou pavitra shaharon key sevak kii upaadhi praapt kii. unake shasson key dauran raajya ney ack mahatvapurna star kii taakat aur vistaar kaa anubhav kiya jisake liye unhein saud all kabir yaa saud dha grate kahaa jaataa thaa.
praarambhik jeevan.
saud kaa janm 1748 mein diriya mein huaa thaa. vaha abdulaziz binn muhammad kaa sabse badaa betaa thaa. saud kii maan uyyaina key shaasak uthman binn muu 'ammar kii betty thee.
saud key uttaradhikar kaa nirnay 1787 mein kiya gayaa aur ghoshana kii gaee. cumm umr seey hii saud ney apane chaacha, abdullah binn muhammad key saath amirat key mukhya sainya commander key roop mein kaary karna shuru curr diyaa, joe turkey binn abdullah key pitaa they, joe nejad yaa dusare saudi raajya key amirat key sansthaapak they. saud ney 1789 mein amirat kii senaa kaa netritva kiya aur all hasaa kshetra parr vijay praapt kii aur baani khalid amirat kii senaa koo haraaya joe iss kshetra kaa shaasak thaa. haalaanki baani khalid ameer, abdul muhsin binn abdullah all hameed kaa shasson unake dwara samaapt curr diyaa gayaa thaa, lekin amirat purvi arab parr poori tarah seey kabja naheen curr sakaa. jaba 1791 mein abdul muhsin koo unake janjaati key sadasyon dwara maar diyaa gayaa, tou saud ney phir seey una parr hamla kiya aur 1792 mein iss kshetra mein baani khalid key prabhutva koo samaapt karate hue jeet hassil kii. 
aprail 1802 mein saud ney 12,000 vahaabiyon key saath ack senaa kaa netritva kiya aur paigambar muhammad key potey imam hussain binn allie key makbare koo nasht curr curr curr key karbala parr hamla kiya. isake alawa, unhone makbare mein keemati samagri churaa lii aur shahar key nivaasiyon koo maar daala. ghatana key baad saud ney iraq mein ottoman governor koo ack sandesh bheja jisamen kahaa gayaa thaah "aapke bayaan key liye kii hamane karbala koo jabt curr liya, usake logon koo maar daala, aur unaki sampatti leey lii-prashansa bhagwan kii haye, duniya key swami! humm isake liye koee maafi naheen maangate hain, aur humm kahate hainh 'aur aapadaon kii tarah avishvasiyon kaa intezar haye' [kurran 47:10]."
shasson karein.
saud binn abdulaziz kaa shasankal 1803 mein shuru huaa. simhaasan parr baithane key baad unhone apane pitaa kii tarah ameer aur imam donon kii upaadhiyan dhaaran keen.
saud kaa shasankal arab aur aspas key kshetron mein dhaarmik safai kaa samay thaa. unhone iraq mein mandiron parr hamla karna jaari rakhaa, aur basra koo baarah dinon taka unaki senaaon dwara avaruddh curr diyaa gayaa. amirat ney apane shasson koo najad seey parey aur hijaz mein vistaarit kiya, jisaki parinati aprail 1804 mein madina aur 1806 mein makka parr kabja karane key saath hui. hijaz parr kabja karane key alawa vaha vahaan apane adhikaar koo majboot karane mein kamyab rhaa. isake alawa, bahreen aur oman koo amirat mein milaa diyaa gayaa, aur saud ney yaman mein apana prabhaav daala. 1805 mein qawasim aur muscut key shasakon dwara bhee saud kii sarvochata koo maanyata dee gaee thee, aur saud oman key ack hisse parr kabja karane mein kamyab rhaa. usee varsh unhone buraimi oesis koo bhee apane saath jodd liya.
saud kii senaaon ney makka mein kaaba koo badal diyaa aur wahabi dharamshastra key anusaar madina mein kaee dhaarmik hastiyon kii kabron koo nasht curr diyaa. islam kii vyakhya key sandarbh mein saud aur ottoman key beach matbhedon key kaaran, saud ney makka mein shukravaar kii prarthana mein ottoman sultan key naam kaa ullekh naheen karane kaa adesh diyaa. makka parr kabja karane key baad unhone ottoman sultan selim koo ack patra bheja, jisamen unhein wahabi dharamshastra kaa paalan karane key liye aamantrit kiya gayaa thaa. usee patra mein unhone ghoshana kii kii unhone makka parr kabja curr liya haye aur vahaan sabhi kabron koo nasht curr diyaa haye aur vaha damishk aur carro key logon koo "mahmal aur turah aur dhol key saath" makka jaane naheen denge."
1807 mein saud ney misra, seeriya aur istambul key teerthyatriyon koo hijaz mein pravesh karane kii anumati naheen dee aur turkey sainikon aur basane vaalon koo makka seey nishkaasit curr diyaa. iss tarah key dhaarmik parivartan anya musalmaanon key saath achchi tarah seey naheen baithate they, aur kaee anya musalmaanon ney unake karyon koo charam paaya, aur aashcharyachakit they kii pavitra shaharon koo itani aasaani seey leey liya gayaa thaa. ottoman samrajya sthaaniya adivasiyon key liye shaharon parr niyantran naheen chhodana chaahata thaa. ottoman apane dumm parr shaharon koo phir seey naheen leey sakey, halanki unaki senaa kaa badaa hissa europe mein bandha huaa thaa. misra key vaaysaraay muhammad allie koo 1809 mein arab kshetron parr phir seey kabja karane key liye niyukt kiya gayaa thaa. unake ack bete, misra key sainikon kii kamaan sambhaalate hue, 1813 mein hijaz koo phir seey jeetane mein safal rahey.
vyaktigat jeevan aur mrityu.
saud kaa vyaktitva unake pitaa seey bahut alag thaa, joe ack gahare dhaarmik vyakti they. vaha niyam key bhautik paksh mein ruchi rakhate they. haalaanki, apane daadaa aur pitaa kii tarah unhone ack saade tareeke seey kapade pahane they, aur unake hathiyaron koo mamluk aur ottoman shasakon key vipareet naheen sajaaya gayaa thaa. 27 aprail 1814 koo bukhaar key kaaran diriya mein unaki mrityu hoe gaee aur unake baad unake sabse badey bete abdullah ney padbhar sambhala. 
saud key anya beton mein mishree, turkey, nasser aur saad shamil they. unake sabse chhote bete, khalid ney 1838 seey 1841 taka ottomans key samarthan seey nejad key amirat yaa dusare saudi raajya parr shasson kiya. ibrahim paasha dwara diriya kii gherabandi mein saud key teen bete maare gaye, jinhone saud key uttaradhikari, abdullah binn saud koo bhee giraftar kiya. 1819 mein mishree binn saud diriya laut aae aur apana shasson sthaapit karane kaa prayaas kiya, lekin muhammad binn mishree binn muammar ney amirat key patan key baad iss kshetra parr shasson karna shuru curr diyaa aur unhein kaid curr liya.

