
garbhavastha mein anaemia

anaemia ack aisee sthiti haye jisamen rakt mein laal rakt koshikaon yaa haemoglobin kii samanya seey cumm matra hoti haye. garbhavastha mein anaemia garbhavastha key dauran rakt mein kull laal rakt koshikaon (aar. bee. see.) yaa haemoglobin mein kamee haye. anaemia duniya bhar mein garbhavastha mein ack behad aam sthiti haye, joe maan aur bachche koo kaee swaasthya jokhim pradaan karati haye. jabaki garbhavastha mein anaemia rogjanak hoe sakata haye, samanya garbhavasthaon mein, aar. bee. see. dravyamaan mein vriddhi plasma kii matra mein vriddhi kii tulanaa mein cumm hoti haye, jisase haemoglobin kii ekagrata mein halki kamee hoti haye jise physiologic (yaa dilutional) anaemia key roop mein jaanaa jaataa haye. maatri sanket aur lakshan aamtaur parr gair-vishisht hotey hain, lekin inmein shamil hoe sakate hainh thakan, peelapan, dyspania, dill kii dhadkan aur chakkar aanaa. anaemia key kaee prasiddh maatri parinam hain jinamen shamil hainh maatri hriday tanaav, shaaririk aur mansik pradarshan mein kamee, peripartum rakt bhandar mein kamee, peripartum rakt utpaad aadhaan key liye jokhim mein vriddhi, aur maatri mrityu darr key liye jokhim mein vriddhi.
sanket aur lakshan.
samanya lakshan hain sirdard, thakan, susti, tachycardia, tachipnia, peresthesia, paller, glocytis aur chilitis. gambhir lakshnon mein hridaya kii viphalata, naal kii sthiti, aakasmik naal aur shalya chikitsa prasav shamil hain.
kaaran.
saraltam shabdon mein, raktalpata laal rakt koshikaon key kharaab utpaadan, laal rakt koshikaon key vinash mein vriddhi yaa rakt haani key parinamswarup hoti haye. anaemia janmajaat hoe sakata haye (i.ee. sickle cell anaemia aur thalassemia jaisi sthitiyaan) yaa adhigrahit (i.ee., sankraman key parinamswarup iron kii kamee seey honey vaalaa anaemia yaa anaemia jaisi sthitiyaan). garbhavastha key dauran anaemia key karanon koo dou mukhya shreniyon mein vibhajit kiya jaa sakata haye; shaaririk aur gair-shaaririk kaaran.
"shaaririk kaaran"
"dilutional anaemia": garbhavastha key dauran samagr rakt kii matra mein vriddhi hoti haye, aur bhale hii samagr laal rakt koshika dravyamaan mein vriddhi hoti haye, rakt key anya hisson jaise plasma mein vriddhi laal rakt koshikaon key samagr pratishat koo cumm karati haye.
parisancharan.
"gair-shaaririk kaaran"
"iron kii kamee seey honey vaalaa anaemia": yeh laal rakt koshikaon key badhate utpaadan seey hoe sakata haye, jisake liye bahut adhik iron kii aavashyakta hoti haye aur iron key aparyaapt sevan seey bhee, joe garbhavastha mein badhata haye.
"haemoglobinopathy": thalassemia aur sickle cell roga
"aahar kii kamee": follet kii kamee aur vitamin bee12 kii kamee garbhavastha mein anaemia key samanya kaaran hain. pattedaar hurry sabjiyon mein cumm aahar aur protein key pashu sroton key kaaran follet kii kamee hoti haye. bee12 kii kamee crone roga yaa gastractomy vaale vyaktiyon mein adhik aam hoti haye.
"koshika jhilli vikaarah" vanshaanugat spherocytosis
"autoimmune kaaranah" laal rakt koshikaon key haemolysis kaa kaaran banata haye (udaah autoimmune haemolitic anaemia).
"hypothyroidism aur purani gurde kii bimari"
"parjivi sankramanah" kuchh udaaharan hukavarm yaa plasmodium prajaatiyan hain.
"jeevaanu yaa viral sankraman"
garbhavati mahila mein raktalpata kaa sabse aam kaaran iron kii kamee haye. garbhavastha key dauran, 55 kilogram mahila key liye ausat kull iron kii aavashyakta lagbhag 1200 milligram prati dinn hoti haye. iss lohe kaa upayog laal koshika dravyamaan, placental kii jarooraton aur bhroon key vikas mein vriddhi key liye kiya jaataa haye. lagbhag 40 pratishat mahilaaen apani garbhavastha kii shuruat cumm seey anupasthit lohe key bhandar key saath karati hain aur 90 pratishat taka key paas garbhavastha aur prasavottar avadhi key dauran badhee hui lohe kii aavashyaktaon koo puuraa karane key liye aparyaapt lohe key bhandar hotey hain.
prasavottar anaemia seey peedit adhikansh mahilaaon mein prasav key pahale iron kii kamee seey anaemia yaa iron kii kamee seey anaemia hotaa haye aur prasav key dauran teevra rakt kii haani hoti haye.
pratikool parinam.
maatri parinam.
adhyayanon ney sujhaav diyaa haye kii antipartum maatri anaemia mein gambhir maatri rugnata (aiss. aim. aim.) lagbhag doguni badh jaati haye. aiss. aim. aim. koo maatri mrityu, grahan, aadhaan, garbhashyachedan, yaa prasav key samay gahan dekhbhal ikai key pravesh dwara paribhaashit kiya jaataa haye. atirikt jatilataon mein prasavottar raktasraav, preclempsia, caesarean delivery aur sankraman shamil hoe sakate hain.
bhroon key parinam.
garbhavastha key dauran iron kii kamee bhroon parr kaee hanikarak prabhaavon seey judee hoti haye jaise kii antargarbhashayi vikas pratibandh, garbhashay mein mrityu, sankraman, samay seey pahale prasav aur tantrika vikas sambandhi kshati, joe aparivartaniya hoe sakati haye.
nidan.
anaemia kaa nidan karane key liye sabse upayogi pareekshan cumm aar. bee. see. ginati haye, haalaanki haemoglobin aur hematocrit moolyon kaa upayog aamtaur parr anaemia kaa praarambhik nidan karane mein kiya jaataa haye. garbhavati mahilaaon mein anaemia key nidan mein shamil pareekshan pratyek rogi key anuroop honah chaahiye. sujhaae gaye parikshanon mein shamil hainh haemoglobin aur hematocrit (kull rakt matra key liye laal rakt koshikaon kaa anupaat), ausat corpuscular volume (mcv), ausat corpuscular haemoglobin (mch), erythrocyte count (rakt mein laal rakt koshikaon kii sankhya), laal koshika vitaran chaudaai (rdw), reticulocyte count, aur laal rakt koshika morphology kaa aaklan karane key liye ack paridhiya smear. yadi lohe kii kamee kaa sandeh haye, tou atirikt pareekshan jaise kii seeram iron, kull iron-binding kshamata (tibbs), transferrin santripti, aur plasma yaa seeram ferritin kii aavashyakta hoe sakati haye. yeh dhyaan rakhna mahatvapurna haye kii inn moolyon key liye sandarbh seemaaen aksar garbhavati mahilaaon key liye samaan naheen hoti hain. isake alawa, garbhavastha key liye prayogshala moolya aksar ack mahila key garbhavastha kii avadhi key dauran badalate hain. udaaharan key liye, haemoglobin key kiss star koo anaemic maanaa jaataa haye, isake liye sandarbh moolya garbhavastha key pratyek timahi mein bhinn hotey hain.
- pahali timahi mein haemoglobin <11 graam/dee. ell.
- doosari timahi mein haemoglobin <10.5 graam/dee. ell.
- teesari timahi mein haemoglobin <11 graam/dee. ell.
- prasavottar haemoglobin <10 graam/dee. ell.
anaemia key nidan mein mahatvapurna prayogshala moolyon key liye samanya shreniyaan neeche soochibaddh hain. dhyaan rakhein kii garbhavastha mein pratyek rogi key charan key aadhar parr yeye shreniyaan badal sakati hainh
- haemoglobinah purush (13.6-16.9), mahilaaen (11.9-14.8)
- hematocritah purush (40-50%), mahilaaen (35-43%)
- mcvh 82.5-98
- reticulocyte countah purush (16-130 x10 ^ 3/microll yaa x10 ^ 9), mahilaaen (16-98 microll yaa x10 ^ 9)
"aim. see. vee. kaa upayog karke antar"
aim. see. vee. anaemia key vibhinn roopon key beach antar karane key liye ack mahaan upaay hoe sakata haye. mcv aapaki laal rakt koshikaon key ausat aakar koo maapata haye. aim. see. vee. key liye teen cutt off maap hain. yadi aim. see. vee. 80aff. ell. seey cumm haye tou ise sookshmadarshi maanaa jaataa haye. yadi aim. see. vee. 80 seey 100 aff. ell. taka haye tou ise ack samanya rakt koshika raktalpata maanaa jaataa haye. yadi mcv 100 fl seey adhik haye tou ise macrocytic anaemia maanaa jaataa haye. anaemia key kuchh karanon koo bimari kii gambhirta key aadhar parr mcv kii vibhinn shreniyon dwara chihnit kiya jaa sakata haye. yahaan mcv dwara aayojit anaemia key samanya kaaran hain.
"aim. see. vee. <80 aff. ell"
- iron kii kamee
- thalassemia
- purani bimari yaa soojan kaa anaemia
"aim. see. vee. 80-100 aff. ell"
"-" "iron kii kamee
- sankraman
- hypothyroidism
- yakrit roga yaa sharaab kaa upayog
- dawa-prerit
- haemolysis
- vitamin bee12 yaa follet kii kamee
mcv> 100 fl
- vitamin bee12 yaa follet kii kamee
- dawa prerit
- yakrit roga yaa sharaab kaa upayog
- hypothyroidism
- myelodysplastic syndrome
garbhavastha.
garbhavati mahilaaon koo garbhavati mahilaaon kii tulanaa mein lagbhag doguna iron kii aavashyakta hoti haye. garbhavastha key dauran paryaapt iron naa milane seey samay seey pahale janm yaa cumm vajan vaale bachche key janm kaa khatra badh jaataa haye. garbhavati mahila mein harmonal parivartanon key parinamswarup rakt kii matra mein 100 millie/kilogram kii vriddhi hoti haye aur kull rakt kii matra lagbhag 6000-7000 millie hoti haye. jabaki garbhavastha key dauran laal koshika dravyamaan 15-20% seey badhata haye, plasma kii matra 40 pratishat taka badh jaati haye. pahali timahi key dauran haemoglobin kaa star 11 graam/dee. ell. seey cumm, doosari aur teesari timahi key dauran 10.5 graam/dee. ell. seey cumm aur prasavottar avadhi mein 10 milligram/dee. ell. seey cumm koo anaemic maanaa jaataa haye.
roktham.
anaemia garbhavastha kii ack bahut hii aam jatilata haye. anaemia kaa ack halka roop rakt key kamjor honey kaa parinam hoe sakata haye. sabhi garbhadharanon mein kull laal koshika dravyamaan kii tulanaa mein rakt plasma mein apekshaakrit badee vriddhi hoti haye, jisake parinamswarup rakt kaa kamjor honah aur shaaririk anaemia hotaa haye. yeye parivartan bhroon koo paryaapt matra mein rakt kii aapoorti sunishchit karane key liye hotey hain aur prasav key samay shareer koo apekshit rakt haani key liye taiyar karate hain.
anaemia key adhik gambhir roop iron kii kamee, vitamin kii kamee yaa anya karanon seey hoe sakate hain.
iron kii kamee seey honey vaale anaemia kii roktham.
iron kii kamee gair-shaaririk anaemia kaa sabse aam kaaran haye. iron kii kamee seey honey vaale anaemia koo dainik poorak maukhik iron 27-30 milligram seey rokaa jaa sakata haye. yeh khuraak aam taur parr lauh yukt prasavpurv vitaminon mein paae jaane vaale lauh kii matra seey mell khaati haye. yeh nirdhaarit karane key liye kii kyaa atirikt poorak kii aavashyakta haye, apane chikitsa pradaata seey paramarsh karein. iron kii kamee seey honey vaale anaemia kaa jaldi pataa lagaane key liye garbhavastha key dauran niyamit prayogashaalaaen poori karein.
iron kii kamee seey honey vaale anaemia koo iron yukt khaadya padaarth khaane seey bhee rokaa jaa sakata haye. isamen gahare harey patte vaali sabjiyaan, andey, maans, machhali, sookhe same aur majboot anaaj shamil hain.
anaemia key anya karanon kii roktham.
yeh kewal chuninda vyaktiyon parr lagu hoe sakata haye.
vitamin bee12: joe mahilaaen sakhti seey shakahari aahar kaa sevan karati hain, unhein vitamin bee12 kii khuraak lene kii salah dee jaati haye; yeh cumm vitamin bee12 key star key kaaran anaemia koo rokane mein madad kartaa haye.
folic esidah follet kii kamee key itihas vaali mahilaaon key liye folic acid poorak kii sifarish kii jaati haye. bhroon mein tantrika nully doshon kii roktham key liye bhee folic acid poorak kii sifarish kii jaati haye.
upchaar.
garbhavati mahilaaon mein iron kii kamee seey honey vaale anaemia key upchaar key liye, prasavpurv poorak kii tulanaa mein adhik khuraak parr iron poorak kii sifarish kii jaati haye. maukhik iron kii maanak khuraak pratidin 40 milligram seey 200 milligram taka hoti haye. apani sthiti key liye aavashyak sateek khuraak nirdhaarit karane key liye apane chikitsa pradaata seey paramarsh karein, iron supplement kii aavashyak khuraak seey adhik kabhi-kabhi adhik pratikool prabhaav paida curr sakati haye.
iron supplement lena aasaan haye, halanki kuchh mamalon mein pratikool prabhaavon mein gastroentestinal side effect, matali, dast aur/yaa kabj shamil hoe sakate hain. aise mamalon mein jaba maukhik lauh poorak sahan karane yogya naheen hotaa haye, anya vikalpon mein pratyek maukhik khuraak, taral lauh poorak, yaa antahshira lauh key beach lambe antaral shamil hain. garbhavastha kii doosari aur teesari timahi key dauran gambhir iron kii kamee seey honey vaale anaemia key mamalon mein bhee antahshira iron kaa upayog kiya jaa sakata haye.
folic acid yaa vitamin bee12 jaisi anya kamiyon key kaaran anaemia kaa ilaaj poorak key saath bhee kiya jaa sakata haye; khuraak kii kamee key star key aadhar parr bhinn hoe sakati haye.
anaemia key anya roop, jaise kii garbhavastha seey pahale viraasat mein praapt yaa arjit anaemia, koo garbhavastha key dauran bhee nirantar prabandhan kii aavashyakta hogi.
upchaar mein rogi koo prabhaavit karane vaali antarnihit bimari yaa sthiti koo lakshit kiya jaanaa chaahiye.
mahamari vigyaan.
kisake anuman key anusaar, garbhavastha key dauran anaemia kaa vaishvik prasaar 40 pratishat seey adhik haye, aur uttar america mein garbhavastha key dauran anaemia kaa prasaar 6 pratishat haye. vikasit deshon kii tulanaa mein vikaasheel deshon mein garbhavastha mein anaemia kaa prasaar adhik haye. nimn aur madhyam aaya vaale deshon kii 56 pratishat garbhavati mahilaaon koo anaemia honey kii soochana millie thee.

