
pinsak daldal

pinsak daldal (), jise prepet daldal (), polly daldal aur rakitno daldal key roop mein bhee jaanaa jaataa haye, dhruv mein ardrabhoomi kaa ack vishal praakritik kshetra haye, joe pripyaat nadee aur isaki sahayak nadiyon key vann besin key saath paschim mein breast, poorvottar mein mogilev aur dakshin poorv mein kyiv key saath haye. adhikansh kshetra bellaroos mein haye, aur kuchh hissa ukraine mein haye. yeh europe key sabse badey ardrabhoomi kshetron mein seey ack haye.
avalokan.
pinsak daldal jyaadaatar dhruviya nichale ilaakon mein sthit hain, isaliye dhruviya daldal (jangal daldal), aur bellaroos key adhikansh dakshini bhaag aur ukraine key uttar-paschim mein sthit hain. way lagbhag neeper kii mukhya sahayak nadiyon mein seey ack, pripyaat nadee key donon kinaaron parr banane vaali nadiyon aur naaliyon key ghaney network key retile nichale ilaakon key aspas hain. ghaney jangal kaee daldal, daldal, talabon aur dhaaraon key saath paschim seey poorv aur uttar seey dakshin taka faile hue hain. varsh key dauran daldal key aakar mein kaafee badalaav hotey hain, vasant mein pighalati burf aur sharad ritu kii varsha key kaaran nadee key overflo honey seey vyaapak baadh aatee haye.
vanaspati.
pinsak daldalon mein samvahani paudhon kii 827 prajaatiyan paaee jaati hain, jinamen seey 18 luptapray key roop mein soochibaddh hain.
lagbhag abhedya jhaadiyon key saath khule sez-reed sthaanon key vishisht parivartan key liye pinsak daldal. vasant kii baadh key dauran daldal lagbhag poori tarah seey paani seey dhake hotey hain, isaliye sthaaniya aabaadi koo aksar naukaaon mein unake madhyam seey paar karna padata haye. shushk "dweepon" parr parnapaati yaa devdaar key jangalon key kshetra hain.
jeev-jantu.
pinsak daldale prithvi key vibhinn jaiv-prishthon (europe, asia, africa, bhoomadhyasagariya) key hajaaron pakshiyon kaa ghar hain, jinamen seey kuchh pravaas key dauran yahaan ghonsale mein aatey hain, aur daldale bhee uttari europe key kuchh hisson mein ghonsale banaane vaale pravaasi pakshiyon kii kaee prajaatiyon key liye ack sheetkaleen kshetra hain, jaise kii scandinavia, finland, baltic raajya aur roose.
iss kshetra mein pakshiyon kii 246 prajaatiyon mein seey 66 prajaatiyan soochibaddh hain. iss udyaan mein badee sankhya mein prajaatiyan paaee jaati hain joe vishva star parr vilupt honey key khatare mein hainh lauh-yukt batakh ("aythya nyaroka"), safed-poonchh vaalaa cheel ("haliyaitas albicilla") (kewal 2-3 jode dekhe gaye hain), badaa chittidaar cheel ("aquilla klainga") (4-6 jode), makai kaa crack ("cracks cracks"), mahaan snippe ("galinago media"). rashtriya aur antarrashtriya mahatva key itane saare pakshiyon kii upasthiti dhruv, bellaroos aur europe kii jaiv vividhata key sanrakshan key liye iss kshetra key mahatva koo rekhaankit karati haye.
itihas.
aitihaasik roop seey, varsh key adhikansh samay key liye, daldal pramukh sainya balon key liye lagbhag durgam they, jinhone kshetra mein sabhi sainya abhiyaanon kii ranneetik yojana koo prabhaavit kiya. 
europe mein adhikansh anya ardrabhoomi kii tarah, pinsak daldal koo ack baar ack aswasthyakar kshetra aur bimari key kendra key roop mein dekhaa jaataa thaa. ardrabhoomi key purvi bhaag kii bhoomi sudhaar pariyojanaaen 1872 mein shuru kii gaeen aur 19veen shatabdi key anta taka daldal kii jall nikasi ney charagah aur krishi bhoomi key roop mein upayog key liye 15 laakh hectare ardrabhoomi koo baramad kiya.
pratham aur dwiteeya vishva yuddh.
pratham vishva yuddh kii shuruat mein, daldal ney austriya-hangerian chauthi senaa koo xii core seey alag curr diyaa; iss kshetra seey gujarane vaali kuchh sadaken sankeern aur kaafee hudd taka sudharheen theen. kii 
ack vistrit antaral chhod diyaa, aur samrajyavadi russie senaa kii teesari senaa kii tukadi serbia seey austriya-hangerian doosari senaa key sthanantaran key puuraa honey seey pahale aaee. rusiyon ney jald hii lemberg (abb lweave) mein moolyavaan railhead parr kabja curr liya, phir austriya-hangri (abb paschimi ukraine kaa hissa) key sudur poorv mein. yuddh key baaki samay mein, ardrabhoomi purvi morche kii pramukh bhaugolik baadhaon mein seey ack rahee.
daldal ney dwiteeya vishva yuddh key dauran sanchaalan key kendriya aur dakshini theatres koo vibhajit kiya, aur way soviyat aur polish donon pakshakaron key liye ack chhipane key sthaan key roop mein kaam karate they. yuddh key dauran ack charan mein, german prashaasan ney daldal koo nikaalane, unhein unake 'apakshayi' nivaasiyon seey 'saaf' karane aur german upaniveshvadiyon key saath kshetra koo phir seey aabaadi dene kii yojana banaai. konrad meyer 'pripet plan' key pramukh netaa they. hitler ney 1941 key anta mein pariyojana koo radd curr diyaa, kyonki unakaa maanana thaa kii isamen dhool key katoron kii sthiti hoe sakati haye.
1942 mein, ack vidroh key baad, lagbhag 1,000 yahudi lachwa ghetto seey bhaag gaye, jinamen seey lagbhag 600 pinsak daldal mein sharan lene mein saksham they.
germans dwara "prepjet-simpfe" key roop mein jaanaa jaane vaalaa ardrabhoomi wehrmatch sainikon dwara bhayabheet thaa. soviyat sangh key german aakraman key dauran, teesari reech senaayen ardrabhoomi koo paar karati theen, joe isake uttar yaa dakshin seey gujarati theen. haalaanki, 1944 mein purvi morche kii haar key baad, 7veen, 35veen, 134veen aur 292veen paidal senaa divisions jaisi kaee peechhe hatane vaali ikaaiyon koo daldali kshetron mein katauti karni padee. unhein aksar logg key saath patariyon kaa nirmaan karane kii aavashyakta hoti thee, jisake oopar way ghode seey kheenche jaane vaale vaahanon mein halke bhaar kheench sakate they.
1950 key dashak mein prastaavit jall nikasi.
1952 key dauran ardrabhoomi koo nikaalane kii yojana thee, jaba daldal kaa kshetra soviyat prashaasan key adheen thaa.
chernobyl paramanu aapada.
1986 mein, chernobyl aapada key kaaran yeh kshetra vishva prasiddh hoe gayaa; haalaanki, priyapet daldal koo priot key bhoot shahar key saath bhramit naheen kiya jaanaa chaahiye; vaha kshetra jisake bheetar chernobyl bahishkaran kshetra sthit haye. yeh pinsak daldal kshetra key bhaugolik kendra key lagbhag poorv-dakshin poorv mein haye.