
sthaaniya sarkaar adhiniyam 2002

sthaaniya sarkaar adhiniyam 2002 (kabhi-kabhi isake sankshipt naam, ell. jee. aeye. dwara jaanaa jaataa haye) newzealand kii sansad kaa ack adhiniyam haye joe newzealand mein sthaaniya sarkaar koo paribhaashit kartaa haye. 73 kshetriya pradhikaran (sthaaniya jile) hain, jinamen seey pratyek mein ack nirvaachit mahapour aur nirvaachit paarshad hain. jilon koo 12 kshetriya pradhikaranon key tahat samoohikrit kiya gayaa haye.
itihas.
newzealand mein sthaaniya sarkaar apani shaktiyon koo kissy bhee samvaidhaanik pradhikaran key bajaay kaanoon seey praapt karati haye, koee aupchaarik likhit samvidhaan naheen haye. isaki utpatti nagar nigam adhiniyam (1876) mein paaee jaa sakati haye, aur yeh "atee adhikaar" key siddhant parr banaaya gayaa thaa aur yeh kii sthaaniya sarkaar (companiyon key roop mein samaan) kewal una cheejon koo curr sakati haye joe ise vishesh roop seey karane key liye adhikrit haye, aur kuchh bhee naheen curr sakati haye joe ise karane key liye adhikrit naheen haye.
vishisht vidhaayi pradhikaran kii iss aavashyakta key parinamswarup sthaaniya sarkaar key kaanoon mein sanshodhanon kaa ack nayaa roop aaya. udaaharan key liye, poorv sthaaniya sarkaar adhiniyam 1974 key atyadhik vihit praavdhaanon mein seey ack dhaara 663 thee, jisane parishadon koo ack shahar kii ghadee sthaapit karane, prakaash dene aur banaae rakhane key liye ack vaidhaanik shakti dee. aisaa kahaa jaataa haye kii 1990 key dashak key madhya taka, 1974 key adhiniyam ney aakar aur jatilata key mamle mein desh key aaykar kaanoon koo chunauti dee. 100 seey adhik sanshodhanon key saath, 1974 kaa adhiniyam 1950 aur 60 key dashak kii nirdeshaatmak yojana key parinamswarup kaafee jatil hoe gayaa, jisamen 1990 key dashak kii jawabdehi aur vittiya praavdhaanon key saath ack jatil sankhya pranali shamil thee. atee adhikaar" drishtikon kaa ack kaaran vishesh roop seey sthaaniya sarkaar key liye niji udyam key saath pratispardha karane kii kshamata koo seemit karna thaa.""
disambar 1999 mein, sandra lii koo navgathit shram aur gathbandhan sarkaar mein sthaaniya sarkaar kaa mantri niyukt kiya gayaa thaa. 1996 mein sthaaniya sarkaar newzealand sangh key gathan key baad seey abb samanvit nakhushi aur dabaav key ack aadhar kaa jawab dete hue, lii ney sthaaniya sarkaar adhiniyam 1974 key punarlekhan kaa nireekshan kiya taaki yeh aam janata key liye pathaniya hoe aur una mamalon koo sambodhit kiya joe beach key 28 varshon mein aae they. green party key saha-netaa, genet fitzsimmons koo chayan samiti kaa adhyaksh niyukt kiya gayaa thaa.
sthaaniya sarkaar adhiniyam 2002 ney sthaaniya nikaayon koo sashakt banaane mein poorna parivartan laaya. yeh "atee adhikaar" drishtikon seey adhik anumeya drishtikon mein badal gayaa jisane sthaaniya adhikaariyon koo "kissy bhee gatividhi yaa vyavasaay koo jaari rakhane yaa shuru karane, koee kaary karane, yaa kissy bhee lenden mein pravesh karane kii poori kshamata" dee.
iss adhiniyam mein 'chaar kalyankartaon' key samajik, aarthik, paryavaraniya aur saanskritik sandarbh key saath sthirata parr dhyaan kendrit kiya gayaa thaa. adhiniyam kaa uddeshya (aeye) samudaayon dwara aur unaki or seey loktaantrik nirnay lene aur kaarravaai koo saksham karna; aur (bee) vartamaan aur bhavishya mein samudaayon key samajik, aarthik, paryavaraniya aur saanskritik kalyan koo badhaava denaa haye. sthaaniya sarkaar adhiniyam 2002 koo 24 disambar 2002 koo shaahi manjuri millie.
paramarsh.
vishesh paramarsh prakriya (aiss. see. pee.) sthaaniya sarkaar adhiniyam 2002 kaa ack pramukh hissa haye jiska upayog deerghakaalik yojana (ell. tii. pee.) mein parivartan karane parr kiya jaanaa chaahiye. aiss. see. pee. ell. tii. pee. mein bataai gaee mahatva neeti seey prerit hotaa haye aur yahaan taka kii mahatva neeti mein parivartan bhee aiss. see. pee. key madhyam seey honah chaahiye.
sabhi upa-kaanoon parichay, sanshodhan yaa chook aiss. see. pee. kaa upayog karke kii jaati hain. aiss. see. pee. kaa upayog taba kiya jaataa haye jaba ell. tii. pee. mein seva key star mein parivartan hotaa haye yaa jaba rajaswa key pratishat key mahatva key star taka pahunch jaate hain, yaa kuchh loga bahut prabhaavit hotey hain yaa kaee loga aam taur parr prastaav seey prabhaavit hotey hain. 30 juuna 2008 taka aiss. see. pee. key madhyam seey honey vaale sabhi upa-kaanoonon kii taiyari mein aiss. see. pee. praavdhaanon key tahat upa-kaanoon parivartan aur adyatan honah chaahiye.
sabhi upa-kaanoonon koo vartamaan mein rakhna chaahiye aur upa-kaanoonon koo vartamaan mein rakhane key liye binaa kissy aiss. see. pee. key 10 saal seey purana naheen honah chaahiye. parishad kii prakriyaon mein paardarshita adhiniyam mein aiss. see. pee. suraksha upaayon dwara sugam kii jaati haye. newzealand key sthaaniya aur kshetriya pradhikaran key paas 31 julaai 2006 taka pratyek jile seey poorna samudayik parinamon key saath apana pahala poorna ell. tii. pee. hoga, jaba unhein aiss. see. pee. seey gujarna hoga aur wellington mein sansadiya pustakalaya mein rakhaa jaayega. ack baar jaba yeh prakriya poori hoe jaati haye tou aiss. see. pee. kaa upayog niyamit roop seey ell. tii. pee. koo adyatan karane aur aaney vaale kissy bhee badey parivartan mein upayog kiya jaayega.
aiss. see. pee. mein prastaav kaa ack bayaan aur prastaav key bayaan kaa saransh samudayik pratikriya key liye jaanaa aavashyak haye. poorna dastaavez key masaude key liye saarvajanik prastutiyon koo parishad mein bhejane key liye ack maheene seey cumm kii aavashyakta naheen hoti haye. yadi prastutkarta kii ichcha hoe tou iss prastuti koo vyaktigat roop seey sunaa jaa sakata haye, aur poorna parishad masauda prastaav parr nirnay lene mein sabhi prastutiyon koo sunati haye aur unase paramarsh karati haye. ack baar paarit honey key baad dastaavez abb masauda naheen haye aur aiss. see. pee. kii aavashyakta poori hoe gaee haye.
aiss. see. pee. key baahar paramarsh mein joe samudayik parinam prakriya key saath hotaa haye, paramarsh key siddhant vahee rahate hain joe adhiniyam mein bataae gaye hain aur sthaaniya sarkaar adhiniyam 2002 key tahat sthaaniya sarkaar mein samudaay key saath sabhi paramarsh kaa ack pramukh dhyaan haye.
samudayik parinam.
adhiniyam kii dhaara 91 key tahat samudayik parinam aise bayaan hain joe samudaay mein hitdhaarakon key saath poorna paramarsh seey praapt hotey hain aur cumm seey cumm harr chhah saal mein ack baar hotey hain. pratyek jile aur kshetra mein samudayik parinam hotey hain jinn parr samudaay ney nirnay liya haye. samudayik parinam sthaaniya sarkaar adhiniyam 2002 kii aavashyakta haye.
31 julaai 2006 taka deerghakaalik parishad samudaay kii yojanaaen 2006-2016 86 kshetriya adhikaariyon key liye sansadiya pustakalaya mein hogi. pratyek kshetra key liye iss dastaavez mein samudayik parinam mudrit kiye jaayenge. yeh 2006 taka vaikalpik thaa aur abb samudayik parinam aavashyak hain. gyaarah ell. tii. aeye. ney poorv-lekhapareeksha aavashyaktaon kaa paalan naheen kiya aur kyaa way samay seema taya karenge, yeh abhee taka gyaat naheen haye. teen anya logon key paas 30 juuna 2006 taka poorna parishad dwara hastakshar naheen honge aur jaba taka hastakshar naheen hoe jaate, taba taka parishadon key liye iska kharch nihitarth hoga.
upaay aur sanketak.
sthaaniya sarkaar adhiniyam 2002 kii dhaara 92 mein samudayik parinamon kii disha mein samudaay kii pragati parr harr 3 saal mein cumm seey cumm ack baar upaayon aur sanketkon kii aavashyakta hoti haye. iss baare mein bahas kii kyaa yeh ack kshetriya drishtikon seey haye yaa samudayik parinam kshetra key drishtikon seey haye, ise hull karane mein kaee saal aur teen vaarshik chakr lagenge.
yeh sujhaav diyaa jaataa haye kii adhiniyam kaa masauda taiyar karane key samay mantri kaa irada spasht roop seey sthaaniya roop seey kendrit honah thaa. una logon kaa samarthan karane key liye ack sthaaniya dhyaan joe samudaay key parinamon koo vikasit karate hain taaki way swayam nirdhaarit curr sakein kii way jiss kshetra mein rahate hain aur kaam karate hain, usake liye sabse achchha kyaa haye.
iss dastaavez yaa report kaa naam jilaa report (sodd) kaa raajya haye. kuchh parishadon dwara pragati koo maapane key liye pahale aadhar rekha report banaai jaa rahee haye. ack achchi sthaaniya pradhikaran aadhar rekha kaa ack udaaharan dakshin viacato jilaa parishad raajya kii jilaa report haye.
deerghakaalik yojana (ell. tii. pee.).
sthaaniya sarkaar adhiniyam 2002 key anusaar newzealand kii sabhi sthaaniya aur kshetriya parishadon dwara 2004-2014 avadhi key liye ack praarambhik duss saal kii deerghakaalik yojana (LTP) taiyar kii jaani chaahiye.
isake baad ell. jee. aeye. mein jile key samudayik parinamon kii pehchaan karane key liye ack paramarsh prakriya thee. samudayik parinam parishad seey sambandhit naheen they, balki ack samudaay key jilaa parinam they. ell. jee. aeye. ney kahaa kii iss samay jile key samudayik parinamon koo shamil karane key liye 2006-2016 avadhi key liye ack baad key ell. tii. pee. kii aavashyakta thee. samudaay key parinam kii pragati cumm seey cumm harr teen saal mein report kii jaati haye aur cumm seey cumm harr chhah saal mein ack baar samudaay key parinamon kii pehchaan karane key liye paramarsh kaa puuraa daur honah chaahiye. pratyek ell. tii. pee. kaa lekha pareekshak dwara harr teen saal mein lekha pariksha kii jaati haye.
2022 mein ell. jee. aeye. mein sanshodhan seey pahale, deerghakaalik yojana (ell. tii. pee.) koo deerghakaalik parishad samudayik yojana (ell. tii. see. see. pee.) key roop mein jaanaa jaataa thaa.
jilaa report kii sthiti.
apane samudayik parinamon mein samudaay kii pragati kii soochana cumm seey cumm harr teen saal mein ack baar dee jaani haye aur pahali samay seema 2009 haye. iss samudaay kii pragati kii report koo jilaa report key roop mein jaanaa jaa sakata haye. iss lakshya key liye upaay aur sanketak samudaay key parinamon kii pragati key baare mein maap aur reporting key aspas vikasit kiye jaate hain. ack puuraa vigyaan vikasit hoe rhaa haye jahan parinamon key unnat honey key sambandh mein output kaa shreya nihit haye. jilaa report key raajya mein sawal yeh haye kii samudaay key parinamon kaa kaun saa hissa samudaay key parinamon mein yogdan detaa haye aur kitna yadi koee hoe.
upaniyaman.
sthaaniya sarkaar adhiniyam 2002 mein vishesh paramarsh prakriya kaa upayog karane parr upa-kaanoonon seey paramarsh karane kii aavashyakta haye. 30 juuna 2008 taka sabhi upa-kaanoonon seey samudaay dwara paramarsh kiya jaanaa chaahiye. paramarsh key liye phir seey samudaay mein lautane kii aavashyakta key binaa koee bhee upa-kaanoon 10 saal seey purana naheen hoe sakata haye.
prabandhan.
adhiniyam ney nirvaachit parishad sadasyon aur mahapour koo sthaaniya pradhikaran key dinn-pratidin key sanchaalan aur prabandhan seey door karane kii maang kii. isane ack pada, mukhya karyakari, banaaya, jisamen yeh vyakti ekmatra parishad dwara niyukt vyakti thaa. mukhya karyakari parishad aur mahapour koo report kartaa haye, aur badale mein anya sabhi parishad karmchaariyon kii niyukti kartaa haye, joe usey report karate hain, naa kii seedhe parishad koo.
aisaa isaliye kiya gayaa thaa taaki parishad key sadasyon aur mahapour koo ranneetik disha aur neeti nirdhaarit karane key uchch star key muddon parr dhyaan kendrit karane key liye protsaahit kiya jaa sakey, jabaki prabandhakon key ack peshevar cadder koo parishad neeti koo lagu karane kii anumati dee jaa sakey.
mukhya karyakari koo paanch saal key karyakal key liye niyukt kiya jaataa haye. paanch varshon kii samaapti parr, parishad yaa tou dou saal key vistaar key liye mukhya karyakari kii niyukti curr sakati haye, yaa khule bajar mein sthiti kaa vigyaapan curr sakati haye. yadi mukhya karyakari kaa karyakal dou saal key liye badhaaya jaataa haye, tou dou saal key vistaar key anta mein, pada kaa vigyaapan khule bajar mein kiya jaanaa chaahiye.
jaba mukhya karyakari pada kaa vigyaapan khule bajar mein kiya jaataa haye, tou koee bhee aavedan curr sakata haye aur pada key liye vichaar kiya jaa sakata haye, jisamen nivartamaan mukhya karyakari bhee shamil haye. joe bhee niyukt kiya jaayega, usake paas ack nayaa paanch saal kaa karyakal hoga, sambhavatah dou saal key vistaar key saath, aur isi tarah.
parishad koo apani vaarshik report mein mukhya karyakari koo diye gaye paarishramik kaa khulasa karna aavashyak haye.
darein.
sthaaniya adhikaariyon key paas iss baat mein kaafee lachilaapan haye kii way rajaswa kaise badhaa sakate hain, iss tarah key shulkon koo aam taur parr 'daron' key roop mein varnit kiya jaataa haye. inn daron koo kaise lagaaya jaataa haye, isake baare mein vibhinn adhikaariyon key beach ekroopata kii kamee haye.
2002 key nae sthaaniya sarkaar adhiniyam key anuroop, ack alag kaanoon paarit kiya gayaa thaa, sthaaniya sarkaar (mulyankan) adhiniyam 2002. yeh una daron key prakaron koo nirdisht kartaa haye joe lagaae jaa sakate hain, aur bhoomi aur sampatti key prakaron parr jinn parr darein lagaai jaa sakati hain (aur aise shulkon seey kyaa chhoot haye). yeh aam taur parr 1 julaai 2003 seey prabhaavi huaa.
agast 2006 mein sarkaar sthaaniya sarkaar kii daron key mamle mein ack swatantra jaanch karane parr sahmat hui. yeh julaai 2007 mein vaapas report kiya gayaa thaa. 2011 mein aantarik mamalon key vibhaag dwara atirikt vishleshan prakaashit kiya gayaa thaa.
sthaaniya chunaav.
sthaaniya chunaav adhiniyam 2001 key tahat harr teen saal mein sthaaniya sarkaar key chunaav hotey hain. sthaaniya chunaavon kaa sabse halia daur octuber 2022 mein aayojit kiya gayaa thaa, jisamen matdan patra madhya sitambar seey bheje gaye they. agala octuber 2026 hoga.
2007 key chunaav pahale aayojit kiye gaye they jahan samudayik parinamon koo poori tarah seey deerghakaalik yojana mein ekikrit kiya jaataa haye aur iss uddeshya key liye lekha pariksha kii jaati haye. sabhi kshetriya pradhikaranon koo samudayik parinamon koo mudrit karna chaahiye aur unaki 2006-2016 deerghakaalik yojanaon mein ekikrit karna chaahiye.

