
stock kaar (rail)

rail maarg shabdawali mein, ack stock kaar yaa pashu kaar ack prakaar kaa rolling stock haye jiska upayog pashudhan (shavon koo naheen) koo bajar mein leey jaane key liye kiya jaataa haye. ack paaramparik stock kaar ack boxcar seey milati-julati haye jisamen vayu sanchaar pradaan karane key uddeshya seey thhos kaar key kinaaron (aur kabhi-kabhi anta) key bajaay louver kiya jaataa haye; stock kaaren maveshiyon yaa ghodon jaise badey jaanvaron key liye ekal-star kii hoe sakati hain, yaa unamen bhed, suar aur murgi jaise chhote jaanvaron key liye dou yaa teen star hoe sakate hain. jeevit machhliyon aur khol-machhliyon aur oont aur haathiyon jaise circus jaanvaron koo dhone key liye vishesh prakaar kii stock kaaron kaa nirmaan kiya gayaa haye. 1880 key dashak taka, jaba mather stock kaar company aur anya ney "adhik maanviya" stock kaaron kii shuruat kii, tou mrityu darr kaafee adhik hoe sakati thee kyonki jaanvaron koo lambi doori taka kheencha jaataa thaa. behtar praudyogiki aur teji seey shipping samay ney mauton koo bahut cumm curr diyaa haye.
praarambhik upayog aur vikas.
1830 key dashak seey pashuon key parivahan key liye rail kaaron kaa upayog kiya jaataa rhaa haye. sanyukt raajya america mein pahala shipment baltimore aur ohiyo railroad key madhyam seey samanya uddeshya seey kiya gayaa thaa, ardh-khule pakshon key saath khuli-sheersh vaali kaaren. isake baad, aur 1860 taka, adhikansh maal paaramparik dibbon mein banaaya jaataa thaa, jinhen vayu sanchaar key liye khule-sanrachit lohe-avarodhit darvaajon seey susajjit kiya jaataa thaa. kuchh rail maargon ney "sanyojan" kaaron kaa nirmaan kiya jiska upayog jeevit jaanvaron key saath-saath paaramparik maal dhulai donon koo leey jaane key liye kiya jaa sakata thaa.
khaadya pashuon koo bajar mein laane key liye jhundon koo madhya-paschim mein railhead taka saikadon meal taka leey jaane kii aavashyakta hoti thee, jahan unhein stock kaaron mein bharaa jaataa thaa aur poorv kii or kshetriya prasanskaran kendron mein leey jaaya jaataa thaa. maidani ilaakon mein maveshiyon koo chalaane seey bhaari vajan cumm huaa, aur raaste mein kaee janwar khou gaye. sthaaniya prasanskaran sanyantra mein pahunchane parr, pashudhan koo yaa tou thoke vikretaon dwara vadh kiya jaataa thaa aur khudra bikri key liye paas kii kasai dukaanon mein taaja vitarit kiya jaataa thaa, dhumrapan kiya jaataa thaa, yaa namak key bairal mein shipment key liye paik kiya jaataa thaa.
bhookh, pyaas aur chot key parinamswarup pargaman mein jaanvaron kii peedaa koo kaee logon dwara shipping prakriya key liye antarnihit maanaa jaataa thaa, jaisa kii shipment key dauran vajan mein kamee thee. bajar jaane key raaste mein jaanvaron kii maut kaa ack nishchit pratishat bhee samanya maanaa jaataa thaa (congress kii jaanch key anusaar, ausatan maveshiyon key liye 6 pratishat aur bhed key liye 9 pratishat), aur mrit jaanvaron key shavon koo aksar patariyon key saath safai karmchaariyon dwara khaaya jaane key liye nipataaya jaataa thaa, halanki kuchh koo gond karkhanon yaa beiman kasai koo becha jaataa thaa. train kii gati mein vriddhi ney samagr pargaman samay koo cumm curr diyaa, halanki jaanvaron koo sahan karane key liye majboor karane vaali hanikarak sthitiyon kii bharpai karane key liye paryaapt naheen thaa.
kuchh praarambhik rail companiyon ney shuruati stock kaaron koo chalaane vaali trains mein yatri kaaron koo jodkar samasyaon koo cumm karane kaa prayaas kiya. nyu jersey railroad aur parivahan company ney 1839 kii shuruat mein iss pratha kaa paalan kiya, aur arrie railroad ney vigyaapan diyaa kii pashudhan sanchaalak vishesh caboose mein apane jhund key saath sawari curr sakate hain. yeye praarambhik yatri awas baad key "drawers caboose" designs key poorvavarti they jinka upayog 20veen shatabdi key madhya taka kiya jaataa thaa. relgaadiyon mein sawari karane vaale pashudhan aur sanchalakon key liye rail sanchaalan niyam bahut seemit they, kyonki sanchalakon niji thekedaar yaa shippers key karmchari they, joe rail maarg dwara niyojit naheen they. udaaharan key liye, atchison, topika aur saanta phey railway key liye 1948 kii ack niyam pustika mein pashudhan key sambandh mein kewal ack niyam soochibaddh haih
haalaanki, pashudhan sanchalakon aur teji seey samay-saarani key saath bhee, kaee stock kaaren abhee bhee khuli chhaton key saath company roaster parr soochibaddh theen aur pashudhan key liye behtar sthitiyon key raaste mein bahut cumm theen. adhikansh rail maargon ney vishesh roop seey pashudhan leey jaane key liye design kii gaee kaaron mein sudhaar key liye shippers seey coll kaa yathasambhav lambe samay taka virodh kiya. rail maarg aam taur parr maanak boxcar kaa upayog karna pasand karate they kyonki usa prakaar kii kaar vibhinn prakaar key bhaaron kii sankhya mein bahut adhik bahumukhi saabit hui thee.
jaba rail aur pashu udyog inn kathit kamiyon koo thheek karane key liye paryaapt teji seey kaary karane mein whiffle rahey, tou sarkaar aur yahaan taka kii aam janata bhee kaarravaai mein lugg gaee. daavaa kiya gayaa kii upekshit jaanvaron kaa maans maanav upbhog key liye anupayukt thaa. 1869 mein, ilinois ney jaanvaron key jahaaj parr samay koo seemit karane key liye pahala kaanoon paarit kiya, aur unhein pargaman mein pratyek 28 key liye 5 ghante kaa aaraam dene kii aavashyakta thee. kuchh rail maargon ney iss samay apane swayam key nae designs key saath kadam rakhaa, jaise kii pensylvania railroad kii class kaa stock kaar, ack design joe pahali baar 1869 mein prakaashit huaa thaa, jisamen sooaron yaa bhed key parivahan key liye ack hataane yogya doosara deck thaa. haalaanki, double-deck stock kaaron kaa prayog 1830 key dashak kii shuruat mein ingland mein liverpool aur manchester railway parr kiya gayaa thaa. ohiyo aur massachusets jaise anya raajyon ney jald hii isi tarah key kaanoon kaa paalan kiya, halanki 1906 key sanghiya maans nireekshan adhiniyam key paarit honey taka prabhaavi sanghiya kaanoon lagu naheen kiye gaye they.
pahala patent stock kaar design joe vaastav mein americi railmargon parr upayog kiya gayaa thaa, jedok street dwara banaaya gayaa thaa. sadak key design (aur, donon 30 agast, 1870 koo jaari kiye gaye) kaa upayog pahali baar 1870 mein shikago aur newyork shahar key beach shipment parr kiya gayaa thaa. unhein donon shaharon key beach 90 ghante kii yatra key liye design kiya gayaa thaa aur isamen farsh key neeche key tankon seey khilai jaane vaali paani kii gart aur chhat mein hoppers seey khilai jaane vaali khaadya gart shamil theen. sadak kaa design avyaavhaarik saabit huaa kyonki pratyek kaar mein kewal 6 chaalak savaar hoe sakate they. chikago key ack kapadon key vyaapaari, alonzo mather, jinhone mather stock kaar company kii sthaapana kii, ney 1880 mein ack naee stock kaar taiyar kii, joe raaste mein jaanvaron koo khilaane aur paani dene key liye suvidhaon koo shamil karane key liye pahale vyaavhaarik designs mein seey ack thee. mather koo 1883 mein american human association dwara unaki stock kaaron mein jaanvaron key saath kiye gaye maanviya vyavhaar key liye ack swarn padak seey sammaanit kiya gayaa thaa. minnepolis 'heinry see. hicks ney 1881 mein ack parivartaniya boxcar/stock kaar kaa patent karaaya, jisamen 1890 mein ack hataane yogya double deck sahit suvidhaon key saath sudhaar kiya gayaa thaa. george dee. boston key berton ney 1882 mein maanviya stock kaar key apane sanskaran kii shuruat kii, jise agale varsh seva mein rakhaa gayaa thaa. berton stock kaar company key design ney paryaapt jagah pradaan kii taaki jaanvaron koo bhuse key bistar parr pargaman mein letane kii anumati mill sakey.
1880 mein, americi rail maargon ney lagbhag 28,600 stock kaaron koo roaster kiya. mather, hicks aur anya logon dwara vikasit navacharon key saath, yeh sankhya 1890 mein lagbhag doguni hocker 57,300 hoe gaee, aur 1910 mein lagbhag teen gunaa badhkar 78,800 hoe gaee. iss avadhi key dauran, kaaron kii kshamata bhee badh gaee. 1870 key dashak mein kuchh stock kaaren adhik lambi banaai gaee theen, aur lagbhag stock leey jaa sakati theen. 1880 key dashak mein kaar kii lambai ausatan badhkar lagbhag ack pratishat hoe gaee aur iss avadhi kii stock kaaren niyamit roop seey stock mein leey jaati theen.
kuchh mahangi akshamataaen rail dwara jeevit jaanvaron koo leey jaane kii prakriya mein antarnihit theen, vishesh roop seey kyonki jaanvaron key dravyamaan kaa lagbhag saath pratishat akhaadya padaarth seey banaa hotaa haye. oopar ullikhit maanviya pragati koo samanya vyavhaar mein laane key baad bhee, lambi drive seey kamjor hue kaee jaanvaron kii pargaman mein mrityu hoe gaee, jisase prati-ikai shipping laagat mein aur vriddhi hui. inn samasyaon kaa antim samadhan kshetriya packing sanyantron seey purvi tata key baajaron mein prasheetit boxcar key roop mein taiyar maans koo bhejane kaa ack tarika taiyar karna thaa.
refrigerated kaaren.
19veen shatabdi key madhya mein rail kaar key madhyam seey krishi utpaadon koo bhejane key kaee prayaas kiye gaye. 1857 mein, "pahane hue" gomans kii pahali khep koo burf seey bharey dibbe key saath retrofit kiye gaye sadharan boxcar mein leey jaaya gayaa thaa. detroit key villium davis ney ack refrigerator kaar kaa patent karaaya jisamen burf aur namak key jamey hue mishran key oopar shavon koo latkaane key liye dhaatu key rack kaa upayog kiya gayaa thaa. unhone 1868 mein shikago key ack maans-packer george hammond koo design betch diyaa, jinhone apane utpaadon koo boston taka leey jaane key liye kaaron kaa ack sett banaaya.
1878 mein, meat packer gustavus swift ney engineer koo kaam parr rakhaa aur ack hawadar kaar kaa design taiyar karane key liye peechha kiya, joe kapade pahane maans kii tapman-niyantrit gaadi pradaan karane key liye ack vyaavhaarik samadhan saabit huaa, aur swift aind company koo apane utpaadon koo poore sanyukt raajya mein aur yahaan taka kii antarrashtriya star parr bhee bhejane kii anumati dee. refrigerator kaar ney maans key vyavasaay koo mool roop seey badal diyaa. pramukh railmargon koo peechha karane key design koo bechane key swift key prayason koo sarvasammati seey khariz curr diyaa gayaa, kyonki companiyon koo darr thaa kii yadi prasheetit maans parivahan koo vyaapak sweekriti mill jaati haye tou way stock kaaron, pashu kalamon aur feedloats mein apane kaafee nivesh koo khatare mein daal denge.
isake jawab mein, swift ney apane dumm parr shuru mein utpaadan key liye vittaposhan kiya, phir-jaba americi sadakon ney unake vyavasaay koo aswikar curr diyaa-unhone grand trunk railway (joe jeevit maveshiyon key parivahan seey cumm aaya praapt kartaa thaa) key saath anubandh kiya taaki kaaron koo mishigan mein aur phir kanada key madhyam seey poorv kii or leey jaaya jaa sakey. 1880 mein praayadveepiya kaar company (baad mein acf dwara kharidi gaee) ney inn ikaaiyon mein seey pahali koo swift koo vitarit kiya, aur swift refrigerator line (srl) banaai gaee. ack varsh key bheetar line kaa roaster lagbhag 200 ikaaiyon taka badh gayaa thaa, aur swift ack saptah mein ausatan 3,000 shavon koo boston leey jaa rhaa thaa. kavach aur company jaisi pratispardhi farmon ney jaldi seey iska anusaran kiya.
jeevit maveshi aur kapade pahane gomans kii delivery newyork (chhote tunn):
vishay kaaron ney arrie, laisawana, newyork central aur pensylvania rail maargon parr yatra kii.
vishesh anuprayog.
ghode kii gaadiyan.
kaee dashakon taka, daud key malik railway koo sabse tez, sabse sastaa, sabse surakshit aur ashwa parivahan kaa sabse kushal madhyam maanate they. ghode kii express kaar ney jaanvaron koo (kuchh udaharanon mein) daud kii subah ghar chhodane kii anumati dee, saiddhaantik roop seey tanaav aur thakan koo cumm kiya. 
ingland mein 1833 kii shuruat mein, vishesh roop seey khaadya aur paani key upkaran seey lais vishesh roop seey padded boxcar kaa nirmaan vishesh roop seey draft aur khel ghodon key parivahan key liye kiya gayaa thaa. sanyukt raajya america mein, halanki, ghode aam taur parr paaramparik stock kaaron yaa hawadar boxcar mein yatra karate they. shuruat mein, boxcar mein ghodon koo taraashane key liye behtar tarikon kii aavashyakta koo pahachaana gayaa, jabaki usee samay ack ghode koo pargaman mein apane santulan koo banaae rakhane key liye paryaapt jagah kii anumati dee gaee.
racehars, aur jinhen prajanan stock key roop mein rakhaa jaataa thaa, way atyadhik moolyavaan janwar they jinhen vishesh sambhaalane kii aavashyakta thee. 1885 mein harrison arms key naam seey toldo, ohiyo key ack vardi aur sthir sanchaalak ney iss bajar kii seva key liye arms palace horse kaar company kaa gathan kiya. hathiyaron kii kaaren usa dinn kii yatri kaaron seey milati-julati theen; unamen clarestory chhatein aur antim platform they aur yatri kaar trucks seey lais they (kyonki way yatri train seva key liye they). ikaaiyon koo dou alag-alag dibbon mein vibhajit kiya gayaa thaa, jinamen seey pratyek mein aathh alag-alag stall they. 1880 key dashak key anta taka hathiyaron ney dou pratispardhi farmon, berton aur keystone kaa adhigrahan curr liya thaa. jabaki kaaron kaa sanchaalan george dee dwara kiya jaataa thaa. hathiyaron key design seey kaafee milata-julata berton, keystone company kii kaaren design mein bahut adhik upayogi theen kyonki unakaa uddeshya cumm moolya key jaanvaron koo leey jaanaa thaa aur maanak malgadi mein shamil karna thaa. keystone kaa bedaa antatah 1,000 seey adhik kaaron taka badh gayaa.
kaee kaaron ney apane dinon koo rakharkhaav (ghaas kaatane) seva mein samaapt curr diyaa.
circus kaa upayog karein.
kaee circus, vishesh roop seey 19veen shatabdi key anta aur 20veen shatabdi kii shuruat mein sanyukt raajya mein, apane pradarshan mein jaanvaron koo shamil karate they. choonki circus key liye parivahan kaa praathamik tarika rail dwara thaa, isaliye jaanvaron koo pradarshan sthalon taka leey jaane key liye stock kaaron kaa upayog kiya jaataa thaa.
ringling brothers aur barnum aur bellie circus, jinhone 2017 mein bund honey taka rail dwara america kii yatra kii, apane jaanvaron koo kheenchane key liye vishesh stock kaaron kaa upayog kiya. jaba ack ringing brothers train banaai jaati haye, tou inn kaaron koo seedhe train key injanon key peechhe rakhaa jaataa haye, taaki jaanvaron koo ack sahaj sawari mill sakey. haathiyon koo dhone key liye joe kaaren bajati theen, way jaanvaron key liye atirikt suvidhaon key saath custom-nirmit theen, jinamen taaja paani aur khaadya aapoorti bhandaran, heater, chhat parr lagey pankhe aur jalavaayu niyantran key liye paani kii dhundh pranali, upchaarit, suraksha aur aasaan safai key liye gair-slip farsh, farsh kii naaliyan joe train chala rahee haye yaa naheen, jaba kaaron koo injanon seey jodaa naheen jaataa haye, aur vishesh roop seey aasaan aur surakshit loading aur unloading key liye ramp design kiye gaye they. kuchh kaaron mein pashu sanchalakon key liye antarnihit awas bhee haye taaki way jaanvaron key saath sawari curr sakein aur unaki dekhbhal curr sakein.
machhali kii gaadiyan.
1870 key dashak mein america key railmargon koo ack naee vastu, jeevit machhali key parivahan key liye bulaaya gayaa thaa. machhali pakadane key liye nadiyon aur jheelon koo ikattha karane key liye machhliyon koo madhya-paschim mein hatchery seey prashant tata key saath sthaanon parr leey jaaya gayaa thaa. iss tarah kii pahali yatra 1874 mein kii gaee thee, jaba dow. yuu kaa livingston stone.aiss. matsya aayog (joe baad mein sanyukt raajya america kii machhali aur vanyajeev seva bunn gaee) ney california mein sanskar nadee koo bhandarit karane key liye 35,000 shadd fry key ack shipment koo "shepron" kiya. machhali koo ack paaramparik yatri kaar mein rakhe gaye khule doodh key dibbe mein leey jaaya gayaa thaa. jaba taaja paani upalabdh hotaa thaa tou harr dou ghante mein dibbe mein paani badalane key liye patthar kii aavashyakta hoti thee. adhikansh machhliyon ney safaltapurvak yatra kii aur iska parinam paschimi machuaaron key liye shadd kii ack naee prajaati thee.
1881 mein, aayog ney jeevit machhali tata-seey-tata taka parivahan key liye vishesh "machhali kaaron" kaa anubandh kiya aur nirmaan kiya. 1880 key dashak mein jeevit machhali koo dhone mein shamil takneekon mein sudhaar huaa kyonki paani koo thandaa rakhane key liye naee machhali kaaron koo burf kii kshamataon key saath banaaya gayaa thaa, aur paani koo itani baar badalane kii aavashyakta koo cumm karane key liye vaatan yantra banaae gaye they. kuchh vaatan yantron koo train kii bhaap yaa vayu lines seey havaa lene key liye design kiya gayaa thaa, lekin inn pranaliyon koo jald hii samaapt curr diyaa gayaa kyonki unamen train key surakshit pargaman koo cumm karane kii kshamata thee; ack train parr vayu lines kaa upayog baad key varshon mein vyaktigat railroad kaaron parr vayu break koo shakti dene key liye kiya gayaa thaa.
machhali kii gaadiyon koo yatri train manakon key anusaar banaaya gayaa thaa taaki way dinn kii vishisht maal gaadiyon kii tulanaa mein adhik gati seey yatra curr sakein. saath hii, yatri trains mein machhali kii kaaron koo dalkar, kaaron koo malgadiyon mein kheenchane kii tulanaa mein bahut cumm terminals parr rakhaa gayaa thaa. unake poore upayog key dauran, machhali kaar sevaaon key liye aavashyak thaa kii machhali rakhane vaale maal key saath sawari karein; ack vishisht machhali kaar chaalak dall mein paanch purush shamil they, jinamen ack "kaptan" shamil thaa joe parivahan aur vitaran kaa samanvaya karega, kaee "doot" joe malvahak aur vitarankarta key roop mein kaam karenge, aur chaalak dall koo khilaane key liye ack rasoiya. chaalak dall key liye twarit parivahan aur yatri suvidhaon key liye maal kii aavashyakta key kaaran yatri trains mein kaaron koo shamil karna aavashyak hoe gayaa.
machhali gaadi kaa sanchaalan aamtaur parr pratyek varsh aprail seey navambar taka hii chalata thaa, jisamen sardiyon key maheenon mein seva key liye kaaron koo aayojit kiya jaataa thaa. kaaren janata key beach ack naveenata bunn gaeen, aur 1885 kii nyu orleans pradarshani, 1893 key shikago vishva mella, aur 1901 key paine-american pradarshani mein bhains, newyork mein pradarshit kii gaeen. jaise-jaise machhali kii gaadiyon kaa vyaapak roop seey hatchery dwara upayog kiya jaane lagaa, unakaa upayog kshetriya prajaatiyon koo gair-deshi sthaanon taka leey jaane key liye bhee kiya jaataa thaa. udaaharan key liye, ack machhali kaar kaa upayog lobster koo massachusets seey saine francisco, california taka leey jaane key liye yaa gobar vaale kekade koo saine francisco seey chesepec khaadi taka vaapas leey jaane key liye kiya jaataa thaa.
pahali aul-steel fish kaar 1916 mein banaai gaee thee. 1920 key dashak kii shuruat mein machhali kaar takneek mein phir seey sudhaar huaa kyonki doodh key dibbon koo nae tankon dwara pratisthaapit kiya gayaa thaa, jinhen "fearno" pell key roop mein jaanaa jaataa thaa. nae tank doodh key dibbe kii tulanaa mein lagbhag halke they aur isamen burf aur vaatan fitting key liye ekikrit container shamil they. 1929 mein nirmit ack lambi kaar mein apana vidyut generator shamil thaa aur yeh 500,000 chhoti machhliyon koo lambe samay taka leey jaa sakati thee. 1930 key dashak mein machhali kaar key upayog mein girawat aaee kyonki machhali parivahan havaai parivahan key ack tej saadhan mein sthanantarit hoe gayaa, aur trucks mein vaahan praudyogiki key roop mein unnat aur sadak kii sthiti mein sudhaar huaa. americi sarkaar ney 1940 mein kewal teen machhali kaaron kaa sanchaalan kiya; 1947 mein bede key antim hisse koo seva seey hataa diyaa gayaa thaa.
1960 mein, wisconsin fish commission "baijar car#2" koo madhya-mahadweep railway aitihaasik samaaj koo betch diyaa gayaa thaa, jahan yeh samaaj key aitihaasik rolling stock key sangrah key ack hisse key roop mein bahaal honey kii prakriya mein haye.
2
murgi kii gaadiyan.
1890 seey 1960 taka, vishesh "wheels parr murgigharon" mein rail dwara jeevit murgiyon aur anya pakshiyon koo bhejana aam baat thee. kaaron mein taaron key jaalidaar kinare (joe sardiyon mein rahane vaalon kii raksha key liye kapade seey dhake hotey they) aur alag-alag koop kii ack bahu-stariya shrinkhala hoti thee, jinamen seey pratyek mein feed aur paani kii gart luggy hoti thee. ack parichaarak ney jaanvaron koo khilaane aur paani dene key liye ack kendriya dibbe mein yatra kii. kaaren ack koyale key choolhe seey bhee susajjit theen joe kaar key kendra key liye garmi pradaan karati theen.
yeh avadharana villium pee key mastishk kii upaj maani jaati haye. jenkins, arrie railroad key liye ack malvahak agent. jenkins ney james ell key naam seey ack myunsi, indiana poultry dealer key saath sahyog kiya. ack vishesh kaar key design parr streeters joe poori tarah seey jeevit pakshiyon key parivahan key liye design kiya gayaa haye. live poultry transport company kaa gathan lagbhag usee samay kiya gayaa thaa jaba pahala poultry kaar patent jaari kiya gayaa thaa (, 26 agast, 1884 koo jaari kiya gayaa thaa). 1897 taka, company key paas 200 ikaaiyaan chala rahee theen.
mahadvipiya live poultry kaar company, ack pratidvandi sanstha, kii sthaapana 1890 mein kii gaee thee. mahadvipiya vichaar seey 120 cops mein 7,000 murgiyon koo leey jaane mein saksham badee kaaron kii peshkash karke bajar parr haavi honey key liye, lekin badey aakar kii kaaren vyaapak sweekriti praapt karane mein whiffle raheen, aur firm ney vyavasaay mein kuchh varshon key baad apane darwaaje bund curr diye.
aadhunik roopaantaran.
1960 key dashak mein, sinsinati, ohiyo kii ortner malvahak kaar company ney uttari prashant railway key liye ack triple-deck hogg vaahak vikasit kiya, joe lambi "hyee-cube" boxcar key design parr adharit thaa jise "bigg pig palace" kahaa jaataa thaa."baad mein unhone" "steer palace" "naamak ack double-deck sanskaran nikala joe shikago aur baad mein kansas shahar key beach pashuon koo philadelphia aur uttari nyu jersey mein boochadkhaanon taka leey gayaa, 1980 key dashak kii shuruat seey madhya taka paine central aur conrell intermodal trains mein.
union paisifik railroad ney kisan johnn meats key liye nebrasca seey loss angils taka adhik vyavasaay halling hogs arjit karane key prayaas mein, badee sankhya mein auto parts boxcar koo stock kaaron mein parivartit curr diyaa. mool roop seey portland, oregan mein misauri prashant railmarg key liye gurson rail kaaron dwara nirmit, roopaantaran boxcar key side panels koo hataakar aur unhein panels key saath pratisthaapit karke kiya gayaa thaa jisamen aise dwaar shamil they jinhen khola yaa bund kiya jaa sakata thaa. tri-stariya kaaron mein antarnihit paani kii gartein theen.
1990 key dashak key madhya taka inn "hogox" kaaron mein seey 5-10 key taaron koo double-stack intermodal malgadiyon key saamane saptah mein dou baar kheencha jaataa thaa. haalaanki, yeh seva taba samaapt curr dee gaee jaba kisan johnn meat california mein sthaaniya roop seey utpaadit sooaron mein sthanantarit hoe gaye. taba seey ikaaiyon koo samaapt curr diyaa gayaa haye.

