
khel patrakaarita

khel patrakaarita lekhan kaa ack roop haye joe khel vishayon aur pratiyogitaon seey sambandhit mamalon parr report kartaa haye. khel patrakaarita kii shuruat 1800 key dashak kii shuruat mein hui jaba ise samajik abhijaat varg key liye lakshit kiya gayaa aur samachar patron key saath samachar vyavasaay key ack abhinn anga mein parivartit curr diyaa gayaa jisamen samarpit khel khand they. madhyam aur nimn varg key beach khelon kii badhati lokpriyata key kaaran prakashanon mein khel samagri kaa adhik coverage huaa. khelon kii bhookh key parinamswarup kewal khel-adharit media jaise "sports illustrated" aur ee. aiss. pee. aine.. khel patrakaarita key kaee alag-alag roop hain, jinamen khel-darr-khel aur khel punaravritti seey laker khel mein mahatvapurna vikas parr vishleshan aur khoji patrakaarita taka shamil hain. praudyogiki aur internet key yug ney khel patrakaarita key kshetra koo badey paimaane parr badal diyaa haye kyonki yeh unheen samasyaon seey joojh rhaa haye jinase print patrakaarita kii vyaapak shreni sangharsh curr rahee haye, mukhya roop seey ghatati sadasyata key kaaran laagat koo puuraa karane mein saksham naheen haye. vartamaan sahasrabdi mein internet blogging aur tweet key nae roopon ney khel patrakaarita kii seemaon koo aage badhaa diyaa haye.
praarambhik itihas.
aadhunik khel patrakaarita kii jadein 1800 key dashak kii shuruat mein samachar patron mein prakaashit honey luggy. shuruat mein, chhitput roop seey ghuddaud aur mukkebaji khel shamil they. coverage kaa dhyaan ghatana parr hii cumm aur adhik samajik sandarbh parr adhik hoga. uttar aur dakshin key beach ghuddaud aur hamaare aur ingland key beach mukkebaji key mukabalon ney samajik abhijaat varg seey bahut ruchi lii. unnisvin shatabdi kii shuruat mein, lokpriya british khel lekhak piers agon ney puraskar ladaai key liye ack upnaam key roop mein "dha sweet science" shabd gadhaa-yaa ingland key nange-nakkal ladaai key drishya key varnan key roop mein adhik poori tarah seey "dha sweet science off brucising". 1820 aur 1830 key dashak key dauran, samachar patron key liye praathamik jansankhyikiya lakshya samajik abhijaat varg thaa kyonki samachar patra aam aadami key liye bahut mahanga thaa. 20veen shatabdi key karib, kaee mahatvapurna parivartan hue jinase mukhyadhara mein khel patrakaarita kii santripti mein vriddhi hui. pahala penny press kaa aagaman thaa jisane samachar patra utpaadan kii sastee aur adhik tabloid shally kii anumati dee. samachar patron ney bhee prasaar parr bharosa karane key bajaay apani utpaadan laagat kaa bhugtan karane key liye vigyapanon kaa upayog karna shuru curr diyaa.
20veen sadee.
1920 key dashak koo "americi khelon kaa swarn yug" kahaa jaataa haye. baseball rashtriya manoranjan bunn gayaa, college football lokpriya hoe gayaa, aur radio aur samachar patron kii coverage mein vriddhi hui. newyork herauld" lagaatar khel coverage prakaashit karane vaalaa pahala samachar patra thaa. 1883 mein "newyork worled" pahala samachar patra thaa jiska purnakaalik khel vibhaag thaa. 1880 seey 1920 taka kii agali avadhi mein prakashanon mein khel coverage mein bhaari vriddhi dekhi gaee. ack adhyayan seey pataa chalaa kii 1880 mein samachar patra mein kewal 0.40 pratishat sthaan khel key liye samarpit thaa. 1920 key dashak taka yeh anupaat badhkar 20 pratishat hoe gayaa thaa. iss dauran, samachar patron ney mukhya roop seey khel coverage aur khel ayojanon key khel punaravritti parr dhyaan kendrit kiya. sthaaniya prakashanon ney beat reporters koo kaam parr rakhna shuru curr diyaa jinhen team seey sambandhit sabhi vikas kaa paalan karane kaa kaam saunpa gayaa thaa. isamen team key saath yatra karna aur khilaadiyon kaa sakshatkar karna shamil thaa. teams ney khel parr press key baithane aur notes record karane key liye stadiums mein press boxes naamak samarpit khandon kaa nirmaan bhee shuru curr diyaa.
jaise-jaise praudyogiki ney radio, television aur internet jaise nae vikas kii shuruat kii, khel coverage kaa dhyaan khel-darr-khel khel key saankhyikiya vishleshan aur khilaadiyon parr prishthabhoomi key tukadon parr sthanantarit hoe gayaa. isake saath hii aam janata key beach khelon mein bhaari vriddhi hui. football, basketball aur hockey kii badhati lokpriyata kaa matlab thaa prakaashit karane key liye adhik samagri aur adhik ichchuk pathakon koo prakaashit karna. isake kaaran 1954 mein pahali baar prakaashit "sports illustrated" jaisi patrikaon kaa nirmaan huaa, joe kewal khelon parr dhyaan kendrit karane vaale pahale prakashanon mein seey ack thaa. "sachitra khel" heinry lukeray key dimag kii upaj thee, jinhone mahsoos kiya kii usa samay key sthaapit prakaashak khelon key liye janata kii bhaari bhookh kaa laabh naheen uthaa rahey they. saptahik ankon key saath, "sachitra khel" adhik utkrisht patrakaarita key anshon kaa nirmaan karane mein saksham thaa kyonki lekhakon key paas khilaadiyon aur prashikshakon key saath shodh karane aur lambe sakshatkar key liye adhik samay thaa.
digital yug.
naee sahasrabdi kii shuruat key baad seey, mudrit samachar patron key prasaar aur vigyaapan kii sankhya mein teji seey girawat aaa rahee haye. isake kaaran poore udyog mein vyaapak laagat katauti aur chhantani hui haye. 1980 mein patrakaron kii sankhya kii tulanaa mein abb karyabal mein 29 pratishat cumm patrakaar hain. inn vikaason ney khel patrakaarita koo kaafee prabhaavit kiya haye kyonki "sports illustrated" aur ee. aiss. pee. aine. jaise sthaapit prakashanon koo samagri mein katauti karni padee haye, kimaton mein vriddhi karni padee haye aur prakashanon kii sankhya koo cumm karna padaa haye jisase adhik loga samagri seey sadasyata samaapt curr rahey hain. print khel patrakaarita mein girawat koo internet aur digital khel patrakaarita key uday seey jodaa jaa sakata haye. digital khel patrakaarita samachar patra khel patrakaarita key poorak aur pratiyogi donon key roop mein kaary karati haye. digital khel patrakaarita 1990 key dashak key madhya mein ee. aiss. pee. aine. dwara 1995 mein pahali website banaane key saath shuru hui. pahale digital khel patrakaarita ney vyaapak vishayon koo shamil kiya, lekin jaise-jaise samay beetata gayaa aur internet adhik vyaapak hotaa gayaa, bloggers aur sthaan aur team vishisht websites ney bajar parr kabja karna shuru curr diyaa. inmein seey adhikansh chhoti websites ney sadasyata shulk naheen liya kyonki ise vigyaapan parr vitt poshit kiya gayaa thaa. upabhokta key liye iss cumm laagat key saath-saath vibhinn prakaar kii vishisht samagri taka badhati pahunch ney print seey door aur digital kii or rukh kiya. haalaanki, digital kshetra mein dekhi gaee vriddhi, jisase vigyaapan rajaswa mein vriddhi hui haye, ney print patrakaarita seey honey vaale nuksan koo santulit naheen kiya haye. click count kaa mahatva badh gayaa haye kyonki inn saiton koo online vigyapandataon dwara vitt poshit kiya jaa rhaa haye. isake kaaran sabse adhik click utpann karane key liye kaee chhoti patrakaarita kritiyaan vivadaspad raay pesh karati hain. khel lekhakon koo niyamit roop seey anya samvaaddaataon kii tulanaa mein adhik samay seema key dabaav kaa saamana karna padata haye kyonki khel ayojan dinn mein dair seey hotey hain aur samay seema key karib hotey hain jiska kaee sangathanon koo paalan karna chaahiye. phir bhee unase samachar patrakaron key samaan upkaranon kaa upayog karane aur samaan peshevar aur naitik manakon koo banaae rakhane kii ummeed kii jaati haye. unhein iss baat kaa dhyaan rakhna chaahiye kii way kissy bhee team key prati pakshapaat naa dikhaaen. tweeter aur anya soshal media platform khel soochana pradaata bunn gaye. tweeter 2009 mein aine. bee. aeye. playoff key dauran khelon key liye ack munch bunn gayaa. aprail key anta taka, television khel vishleshakon, udghoshakon aur patrakaron dwara tweet karna khelon mein nayaa chalan thaa.
samajik-raajneetik mahatva.
khel kii kahaaniyan kabhi-kabhi khelon koo paar curr jaati hain aur samajik-raajneetik mahatva letee hainh jackie robbinson baseball mein rung baadha koo todana iska ack udaaharan haye. sheersh khilaadiyon key atee-muaavaje, anabolic steroid aur anya key upayog, pradarshan badhaane vaali davaaon parr pratibandh, aur khel sthalon aur sambandhit buniyaadi dhaanche key nirmaan key liye sthaaniya aur rashtriya sarkaaron koo laagat, vishesh roop seey olympic khelon key liye, key baare mein aadhunik vivaad bhee darshaate hain kii khel kaise samachar prishthon parr ghuspaith curr sakate hain.
haal hii mein, collin capernic key football khelon seey pahale rashtragaan key pradarshan key dauran ghutane tekkar pulis dwara rung key logon key saath kiye gaye anyaay key virodh key mudde ney vividh aur vividh coverage paida kii haye. unake karyon ney unaki charcha koo khel key maidan seey aur pramukh raajneetik panditon key roop mein rashtriya dayare mein leey liya haye aur yahaan taka kii rashtrapatiyon ney bhee unake karyon kii naitikta parr tippani kii haye. capernic ney kahaa kii rashtriya football leag mein quarterback key roop mein unaki sthiti unhein apane sandesh koo puuraa karane kaa ack anootha avsar detee haye. capernic key karyon ney garbhpaat seey laker college key khilaadiyon koo maudrik muaavaja praapt karane taka key samajik muddon koo uthaane key liye apani sthiti kaa upayog karane vaale khilaadiyon kii ack lahar koo prerit kiya haye. inn vichaaron koo janata taka kaise pahunchaaya jaataa haye, isamen khel patrakaarita mahatvapurna bhoomika nibhaati haye. lekhak khilaadi dwara pradaan kiye gaye kachche uddharanon seey ack kahani banaata haye aur ise hajaaron darshakon key liye prakaashit kiya jaataa haye. prakaashan mein nihit lekhak key purvagrah honge aur yeh paathak koo diyaa jaayega (uddhrit karein). jaise-jaise khel raajneetik charcha key kshetra mein adhik seey adhik aage badhenge, khel patrakaar key paas iss samay sabse germ muddon kii janata kii bhavna parr teji seey adhik shakti hogi.
khel patrakaarita kaa bhavishya.
pichhale dashak mein khelon mein ack badaa badalaav aaya haye kyonki adhik khel teemen vishleshan kaa upayog karane kii or rukh curr rahee hain. iss badalaav kaa ack badaa kaaran khel mein ranneetik nirnay lene key liye vishleshan kaa upayog karane key badhate laabh key baare mein kaee lekh prakaashit honey key kaaran haye. jaise-jaise pratyek khel mein pratyek ghatana key baare mein detta ekatra kiya jaataa haye, khel detta vishleshan mein vriddhi hui haye. khel prakaashan abb saankhyiki aur ganit mein vyaapak prishthabhoomi vaale logon koo kaam parr rakh rahey hain taaki inn teams dwara kiye jaa rahey vishleshan kaa vivaran dene vaale lekh prakaashit kiye jaa sakein. khilaadi key pradarshan kii gunavatta kaa adhyayan karane key liye nae metricks banaae gaye hain. metricks kaa upayog khilaadiyon aur teams kii ranking sankalit karane key liye bhee kiya gayaa haye. paanch-adtis jaisi blogg saaiten purnakaalik khel vishleshanatmak saiton key roop mein ankurit honey lageen joe upalabdh detta letee theen aur khelon seey sambandhit vishleshanatmak bhaari lekhon kaa nirmaan karati theen. ee. aiss. pee. aine. ney apane show mein 'khel vigyaan' naamak ack khand koo lagu kiya haye, jahaan pratyek khel key sitaare yeh pareekshan karane key liye aatey hain kii unnat vishleshan kshetra key pradarshan koo kaise prabhaavit karate hain. khelon mein vishleshan key upayog koo laker kaee logon dwara bahut adhik dhakka diyaa gayaa haye. kaee sthaapit coach vishleshan koo sankeern aur badee tasveer seey anjaan bataate hue jaldi seey nakaar dete hain.
europe mein.
patrakaarita mein kuchh behtareen lekhakon koo aakarshit karane vaali khel reporting kii parampara kaa pataa victorian ingland mein khel key coverage seey lagaaya jaa sakata haye, jahaan kaee aadhunik khelon-jaise kii association football, cricket, athletics aur ragbi-koo pahali baar sangathit aur samhitaabaddh kiya gayaa thaa.
andreau vaarvik ney sujhaav diyaa haye kii naav daud ney patrakaarita coverage key liye pahala saamoohik darshak karyakram pradaan kiya. cambridge vishvavidyalaya aur oxford vishvavidyalaya key beach ack vaarshik naukaayan karyakram, daud, 1856 seey prativarsh aayojit kii jaati rahee haye.
cricket, sambhavatah samaaj mein apane sammaanit sthaan key kaaran, niyamit roop seey sabse suruchipurna lekhakon koo aakarshit kartaa haye. 20veen shatabdi key poorvaardh mein "manchester guardian" ney neville cardus koo apane cricket samvaadaata key saath-saath isake sangeet aalochak key roop mein bhee niyukt kiya. cardus koo baad mein patrakaarita mein unaki sevaaon key liye night kii upaadhi dee gaee. unake uttaradhikariyon mein seey ack, johnn arlot, joe bee. bee. see. parr apani radio tippaniyon key kaaran duniya bhar mein pasandida bunn gaye, apani kavitaon key liye bhee jaane jaate they.
1908 mein pahale landan olympic khelon ney itani vyaapak saarvajanik ruchi koo aakarshit kiya kii kaee samachar patron ney apane sabse prasiddh lekhakon koo iss karyakram key liye niyukt kiya. delly mell" mein mairathan key anta koo cover karane key liye white city stadium mein surr arther connon doil bhee they.
usa daud kaa naatak aisaa thaa, jisamen dorando piyatri aage badhate samay parishkaran rekha kii drishti seey gir gayaa, usa connon doil ney veer italvi koo dekhane key liye ack saarvajanik sadasyata abhiyaan kaa netritva kiya, jise unaki ayogyata key madhyam seey swarn padak seey vanchit curr diyaa gayaa thaa, ack vishesh rajat cup seey sammaanit kiya gayaa thaa, jise raani alekjendra dwara prastut kiya gayaa thaa. aur janata kii kalpana iss ghatana seey itani achchi tarah seey aakarshit hui kii boston, massachusets aur landan mein vaarshik daud, aur bhavishya key olympic mein, abb seey thheek usee, 26-meal, 385-gaj kii doori parr 1908 olympic mairathan key liye upayog kiya jaataa thaa, aur aaj taka duniya bhar mein karyakram kii aadhikarik lambai.
landan daud, jise polytechnic mairathan kahaa jaataa haye aur mool roop seey 1908 key olympic maarg parr windser casal mein shaahi nivaas key baahar seey white city taka aayojit kiya gayaa thaa, pahali baar "khel jeevan" dwara praayojit kiya gayaa thaa, joe una adverdian samay mein ack dainik samachar patra thaa joe sabhi khel ayojanon koo cover karane kii koshish kartaa thaa, naa kii kewal ghuddaud aur greyhound key liye ack sattebaji patra joe yeh dwiteeya vishva yuddh key baad key varshon mein bunn gayaa thaa.
radio key uday ney khel patrakaarita koo khel ayojanon key live coverage parr adhik kendrit curr diyaa. grate britten mein pahale khel reporter, aur duniya key pahale khel reporters mein seey ack, ack angreji lekhak edger valles they, jinhone 6 juuna, 1923 koo british prasaran company key liye derby parr ack report banaai.
france mein, "ll 'equip" key poorvavarti "ll' auto" ney pahale hii samaaj key khel taane-baane mein samaan roop seey prabhaavshaali bhoomika nibhai thee jaba isane 1903 mein ghoshana kii thee kii vaha desh bhar mein ack vaarshik saikil daud kaa ayojan karega. tour dee france kaa janm huaa thaa, aur isaki neenv mein khel patrakaarita kii bhoomika aaj bhee peele rung kii jersey pahane pramukh savaar mein parilakshit hoti haye-usa kagaj kaa rung jiss parr "ell 'auto" prakaashit kiya gayaa thaa (itali mein, jiro dee' italia ney ack samaan parampara sthaapit kii, jisamen pramukh savaar ney jersey pahani thee joe praayojak samachar patra "laa gazetta" key samaan gulabi rung kii thee).
press boxes mein khel sitaare.
dwiteeya vishva yuddh key baad, british rashtriya dainik aur ravivaar key samachar patron key khel vargon kaa vistaar jaari rhaa, iss hudd taka kii abb kaee samachar patron mein alag-alag swatantra khel khand hain; kuchh ravivaar key samachar patron mein khel prishthon key atirikt khand bhee hain, joe kewal pichhale dinn kii football reports koo samarpit hain. kuchh mayanon mein, isane kaee kshetriya samachar patron kii pahale kii pratha koo badal diyaa haye joe-aadhunik electronic media kii gati seey aage nikalane taka-shaniwar shaam koo vishesh parinam sanskaranon kaa utpaadan karate they.
kuchh samachar patron, jaise "ravivaar kaa samay", 1924 key olympic 100 meater champion harrold abraham key saath, yaa ingland key poorv cricket kaptan surr leonard hutton kaa upayog karate hue landan key "shaam key samachar" ney poorv khel sitaaron koo kalam key liye kaam parr rakhane kii neeti apnani shuru curr dee, joe aksar bhoot likhe jaate they. haalaanki, iss tarah key kuchh bhootiya stambhon ney khel patrakaarita kii pratishtha koo aage badhaane mein bahut cumm kaam kiya, joe apane manakon kii akaadamik jaanch kaa vishay bunn rhaa haye.
kaee "bhootiya" stambh aksar swatantra khel agencies dwara chalaae jaate they, joe bede kii sadak yaa praanton mein sthit hotey they, jinhone khel starr koo ack anubandh key liye saain upp kiya thaa aur phir vibhinn khitabon key beach apani samagri koo syndicate kiya thaa. inn agencies mein maafi yaa cricket reporting agency shamil thee, joe niyamit roop seey buddhiman cricket panchang key sampadakon aur hetters koo pradaan karati thee.
britten mein khel lekhan ney kuchh behtareen patrakaarita pratibhaon koo aakarshit kiya haye. delly mirror" key peater willson, hyug missilvani, pahale "paryavekshak" mein aur haal hii mein "ravivaar key samay" mein, "delly mell" key ian wooldridge aur football lekhak bryan glanville, joe "ravivaar key samay" mein sabse adhik jaane jaate hain, aur stambhakaar patrick collins, "ravivaar koo mell" key, paanch baar varsh key khel lekhak key puraskar key vijeta.
20veen shatabdi key anta mein kaee loga ghatnaaon kii apani bhaari reporting key madhyam seey gharelu naam bunn gaye, lokpriyata koo badhaava diyaah 1972 mein munich olympic mein narsamhar; muhammad allie kaa ladaai currier, jisamen george foreman key khilaf unakaa 1974 kaa khitaab mukabala shamil thaa; hessel stadium aapada; aur tiger woods, george best, david bekham, lester pigot aur anya hyee-profile sitaaron kii pasand key currier key uchch aur nimn star.
march 2007 mein 75 varsh kii ayu mein nidhan hoe jaane vaale masilveni aur wooldridge donon ney apane currier kaa anand liya aur unhein aksar television mein kaam karate dekhaa. apane karyakal key dauran, wooldridge itane prasiddh hoe gaye kii, jinn khel sitaaron key baare mein unhone bataaya, unaki tarah, unhone apane mamalon koo prabandhit karane key liye americi vyavasaayi, maark mccormack dwara sthaapit agency, aaee. aim. jee. kii sevaaon koo kaam parr rakhaa. glanville ney upanyason sahit kaee pustaken likhin, saath hii ingland mein aayojit 1966 key vishva cup key liye yadgar aadhikarik film kii patkatha bhee likhi.
khoji patrakaarita aur khel.
1990 key dashak seey khel key badhate mahatva, ack vaishvik vyavasaay key roop mein isake prabhaav aur olympic khelon aur football vishva cup jaise ayojanon key ayojan mein shamil bhaari matra mein dhana ney bhee khoji patrakaron kaa dhyaan aakarshit kiya haye. khel patrakaron aur unaki reporting key vishayon key beach sambandhon kii samvedansheel prakriti key saath-saath adhikansh bede key sadak samachar patron dwara anubhav kiye gaye ghatate bajat kaa matlab haye kii iss tarah kii deerghakaalik pariyojanaaen aksar television vrittachitra nirmaataon seey utpann hoti hain.
tomm bower ney apani 2003 kii sports book off dha ear "broken dreams" key saath, jisamen british football kaa vishleshan kiya gayaa thaa, ack dashak pahale andreau jennings aur wive simson dwara antarrashtriya olympic samiti key bheetar bhrashtachar kii apani vivadaspad jaanch key saath sthaapit parampara kaa paalan kiya. jennings aur simson key "dha lords off dha rings" ney kaee mayanon mein una ghotalon kii bhavishyavani kii joe salt lake city mein 2002 key sheetkaleen olympic key manchan key aspas ubharane vaale they; jennings olympic parr dou aur pustakon aur vishva football nikaay feefa parr ack pustak key saath anuvarti kaarravaai karenge.
isi tarah, "dha guardian" key puraskar vijeta lekhak dunken maike aur steven down ney apani 1996 kii pustak "running dier" mein antarrashtriya athletics mein dopping, fixed races aur rishwat seey judey kaee ghotalon kaa khulasa kiya, jisamen ack varishth track adhikaari kii dhamkiyon kaa vivaran diyaa gayaa thaa, jisake kaaran unake khel patrakaar sahayogi, cliff temple kii aatmahatya hoe gaee thee.
lekin iss tarah key expose key lekhan-jise paul kimmage dwara "soop mein thookana" key roop mein sandarbhit kiya gayaa haye, poorv tour dee france peshevar saikil chaalak, joe abb "ravivaar key samay" key liye ack puraskar vijeta lekhak hain-aksar ack baahari vyakti key drishtikon kii aavashyakta hoti haye joe khilaadiyon aur adhikaariyon key saath dinn-pratidin key vyavhaar kii aavashyakta seey samjhauta naheen kartaa haye, jaisa kii "beat" samvaaddaataon dwara aavashyak haye.
khel kii shaktiyon koo pareshan karate samay daanv adhik hoe sakate hainh 2007 mein, ingland key aff. aeye. ney aff. aeye. cup aur ingland key antarrashtriya maichon key yuke coverage adhikaaron key liye apane bahu-million pound key anubandh koo bee. bee. see. seey pratidvandi prasarakon aaee. tii. vee. mein badalane kaa vikalp chunaa. uddhrit karanon mein seey ack yeh thaa kii bee. bee. see. ney ingland football team key pradarshan kii bahut aalochana kii thee.
khel kii kitaaben.
khel patrakaar jeevan-kathaa, itihas aur jaanch sahit kaee khel vishayon parr lokpriya pustakon kaa nirmaan karate hue lambe samay taka lekhan kii or rukh curr rahey hain. danne topolsky 1989 mein villium hill sports book off dha ear puraskar key pahale praaptakarta they, jisane khel saahitya mein unaki utkrishtata key liye lekhakon koo puraskrit karna jaari rakhaa haye.
sangathan.
adhikansh deshon mein khel patrakaron kaa apana rashtriya sangh haye. kaee khelon key vishisht patrakaron key liye apane swayam key club aur sangh bhee hain. yeye sangathan khel sthalon parr press praavdhaan key maanak koo banaae rakhane, nishpaksh maanyata prakriyaon kii dekhrekh karane aur khel patrakaarita key uchch manakon kaa jashn manaane kaa prayaas karate hain.
antarrashtriya khel press sangh, aeye. aaee. pee. aiss. kii sthaapana 1924 mein peris mein olympic khelon key dauran, khel club dee france key mukhyalaya mein, peris khelon key press pramukh frantz rechel aur belgium key vijeta boin dwara kii gaee thee. aeye. aaee. pee. aiss. mahadvipiya upa-sanghon aur rashtriya sanghon kii ack pranali key madhyam seey kaam kartaa haye, aur antarrashtriya olympic samiti, football kii vishva shaasi nikaay feefa aur aaee. aeye. aeye. aff., antarrashtriya track aur feeled nikaay sahit duniya key kuchh sabse badey khel mahasanghon key saath nikatata seey sampark rakhta haye. aeye. aaee. pee. aiss. key pahale kaanoonon mein inn uddeshyon kaa ullekh kiya gayaa haih
ghuddaud key liye ghudsavaar lekhakon aur photographers key sangh kii sthaapana 1927 mein kii gaee thee, 1967 mein ise punarjeevit kiya gayaa thaa, aur yeh media kii harr shakha mein daud patrakaron key hiton kaa pratinidhitva kartaa haye.
britten mein, khel patrakaar sangh kii sthaapana 1948 mein hui thee. yeh dou puraskar karyakramon kaa ayojan kartaa haye, ack vaarshik khel puraskar samaroh joe pichhale varsh key dauran british khilaadiyon aur mahilaaon key utkrisht pradarshan koo maanyata detaa haye, aur british khel patrakaarita puraskar, udyog key "auskar", yuke khel dwara praayojit aur pratyek march prastut karate hain. 2002 mein peshevar khel photographer sangh key saath vilay key baad, khel lekhak sangh key roop mein sthaapit, sangathan ney apana sheershak badalkar adhik samaveshi aiss. jey. aeye. curr diyaa. isake adhyaksh anubhavi prasarak aur stambhakaar surr michael parkinson hain. aiss. jey. aeye. british olympic sangh kii press salaahkaar samiti mein british khel media kaa pratinidhitva kartaa haye aur pramukh ayojanon key ayojakon key liye ack salaahkaar key roop mein kaary kartaa haye jinhen media aavashyaktaon parr margadarshan kii aavashyakta hoti haye aur saath hii saath kaee gatividhiyon mein apane sadasyon key hiton kaa pratinidhitva karna chaahata haye. march 2008 mein, martin saimuel, joe usa samay "dha times" key mukhya football samvaadaata they, koo varsh kaa british khel lekhak naamit kiya gayaa, pahali baar jaba kissy patrakaar ney lagaatar teen saal taka puraskar jeetaa thaa. usee puraskar mein, skye sports key jeff stelling koo teesari baar varsh kaa khel prasarak naamit kiya gayaa, joe sja sadasyon key matpatra dwara nirdhaarit ack puraskar thaa. agale varsh stelling ney phir seey vote jeetaa, jaba "ravivaar key samay" key paul kimmage ney paanchvin baar varsh kaa sakshatkarkarta puraskar jeetaa.
sanyukt raajya america mein, indiapolis sthit rashtriya khel patrakaarita kendra khel media udyog key bheetar rujhaanon aur ranneeti kii nigrani kartaa haye. kendra mein sambaddh press khel sampaadak bhee hain.
haal key varshon mein, khel patrakaarita ney online samachar aur press vigyapti media kii or apana dhyaan kendrit kiya haye aur sambaddh press aur anya pramukh samachar syndication sevaaon koo sevaaen pradaan kii hain.
fanzine aur blogg.
1970 aur 1980 key dashak key dauran, europe mein "nagrik patrakaarita" mein vriddhi football "fanzine" kii lokpriyata mein teji seey vriddhi mein dekhi gaee-prashansakon dwara prashansakon key liye likhi gaee sastee mudrit patrikaaen joe aksar aadhikarik club match karyakramon aur paaramparik media koo darkinar karati theen. kaee aaj bhee jaari hain aur falate-phoolate hain.
zim munro jaise kuchh lekhakon koo unake clubon dwara apanaaya gayaa haye. kabhi west haim united fanzine "fortune key hamesha sapane dekhane" key sampaadak rahey munro koo club dwara apani matchday patrika key liye likhane key liye kaam parr rakhaa gayaa thaa aur abb way "dha sunn" online key khel sampaadak hain. anya khitaab, jaise kii apmaanjanak masik football patrika "jaba shaniwar aataa haye", prabhaavi roop seey mukhyadhara mein chaley gaye hain.
internet key aagaman ney iss prashansak-utpann oorjaa kaa adhikansh hissa khel blogon mein nirdeshit kiya haye. team-kendrit blogon seey laker una blogon taka joe khel media koo hii cover karate hain, bleacher report, deadspin.comm, profootballtock.comm, baseball aavashyak.comm, tyreball sports, aol fanhouse, mashole sports, yardbarker network mein blogg aur anya ney badey paimaane parr followers praapt kiye hain.
abb aise munch hain joe 'blogg host' key roop mein kaary karate hain, joe shaukiya aur peshevar khel lekhakon donon koo ack custom website kii aavashyakta key binaa apani samagri koo host karane kii anumati dete hain.
inmein madhyam aur macrack shamil hain, joe upayog karane key liye muft munch hain, joe badale mein yogadankartaon koo bhugtan naheen karate hain. isase gunavatta kii kamee hoe sakati haye kyonki koee sampadakiya tatva naheen haye, haalaanki unaki pahunch badee haye.
sampaadakiya roop seey prabandhit saaiten bhee hain joe apane yogadankartaon koo paaramparik prakashakon key samaan bhugtan karati hain. aaee.ee. prati shabd yaa prati lekh ack moolya. inke udaaharan athlon sports aur sports blogg hain.
anya khel blogg jaise kii fansided aur aiss. bee. nation yogdan key liye pratiphal key sambandh mein yatayat aur parinam adharit protsahanon key sanyojan kaa sujhaav dete hain.
haal hii mein, rockett sports internet jaise nivesh vaahan ubhare hain joe khel patrakaron aur samachar nirmaataon koo apana vyavasaay chalaane key liye poonji pradaan karate hain aur una tarikon kii badhati sankhya kaa laabh uthaate hain jinase nirmaata paaramparik sangathanaatmak sanrachanaon key baahar adhik aasaani seey rajaswa srot utpann curr sakate hain. praarambhik safaltaon mein benchwormers, cope kaa samrajya aur cottofside shamil hain.
smartphone.
smartphone key uday ney haal hii mein shuruat kii haye aur khel media koo prastut karane key tareeke koo badal diyaa haye. khel manoranjan aur vishay-vastu koo janata kaise dekhti haye, iss parr smartphone kaa bahut prabhaav padaa haye. khel media aksar smartphone parr vibhinn anuprayogon parr upalabdh hotaa haye. inn aip mein espn, bleacher report, vaishvik khel media, house off highlites aur youtube shamil hain. mobile streaming key badhane seey lagbhag 65 pratishat khel anuyaayi mobile upkaran parr khel streaming karate hain. smartphone instagram, tweeter yaa facebook jaise soshal media aip key madhyam seey khel samacharon taka 24 ghante kii pahunch kii bhee anumati dete hain. aap jahan bhee houn, way chalate-firate khel samacharon taka pahunchane kaa ack bahut hii tez aur suvidhajanak tarika haye. smartphone parr khel samacharon aur karyakramon key baare mein jaankaari rakhane vaale aip aam taur parr muft hotey hain. prashansakon kii apane smartphone parr khelon taka pahunchane kii kshamata unhein vyaktigat roop seey sanlagn honey kii anumati detee haye (arthaat.ee. kaalpanik khel) aur/yaa khel kii jaankaari koo avashoshit karate hain. smartphone ney vaastav mein khel samacharon key prasaar koo badhaaya haye, aamtaur parr video, highlites, score aur lekhon key roop mein. smartphone parr anuprayog, vishesh roop seey tweeter aur ee. aiss. pee. aine., way munch hotey hain jahan khel kii taaza khabaren pahali baar saamane aatee hain. kull milakar, smartphone aasaani seey upalabdh khel samachar pradaan karate hain jinhen khel prashansak key rosemarra key jeevan key dauran praapt kiya jaa sakata haye. 
mahila reporting.
mahilaaen hamesha khel reporting key kshetra mein naheen rahee hain. jaine chasten aur leslie visar jaisi mahilaaon koo mahilaaon key khel prasaar mein agrani maanaa jaataa haye. chasten ack badey network (see. bee. aiss.) key liye kaam karane vaali pahali mahila theen aur 60 key dashak mein play-baay-play karane vaali pahali mahila theen.
leslie visar 1984 mein anshakaalik reporter key roop mein cbs mein shamil honey seey pahale "dha boston globe" key liye ack khel lekhak theen. vaha itihas kii ekmatra sportscaster hain, purush yaa mahila, jinhone antim chaar, aine. bee. aeye. final, vishva shrinkhala, somwar raat football, super baul, olympic aur yuu. aiss. open prasaran mein kaam kiya haye. unhein nam. vote diyaa gayaa haye. sabhi samay kii 1 mahila sportscaster.
iss baat parr bahas chala rahee haye kii khel key baad mahila samvaaddaataon koo locker room mein jaane kii anumati dee jaani chaahiye yaa naheen. yadi unhein pravesh seey vanchit curr diyaa jaataa haye, tou isase purush samvaaddaataon koo maidan mein ack pratispardhi laabh milata haye, kyonki way khel key baad locker room mein khilaadiyon kaa sakshatkar leey sakate hain. yadi iss vivaad key kaaran sabhi samvaaddaataon-purush aur mahila-koo locker room mein pravesh seey vanchit curr diyaa jaataa haye, tou purush patrakaar mahila samvaaddaataon seey unaki pahunch chheenane key liye naraz honge.
1978 taka mahila khel patrakaron koo sakshatkar key liye locker room mein pravesh karane kii anumati naheen thee. khel sachitra reporter, melissa ludke ney 1977 kii vishva shrinkhala key dauran locker room mein khilaadiyon kaa sakshatkar karane kii anumati naheen dene key liye newyork yankies parr mukadama daayar kiya. ack sanghiya nyayadhish ney faisala sunaaya kii yeh pratibandh 14vein sanshodhan mein samaan sanrakshan khand kaa ullanghan thaa.
kuchh mahila samvaaddaataon mein adlean delly (jinhen kuchh loga "mahila khel lekhakon kaa jackie robbinson" maanate hain), aneeta martini, mairi garber, leslie visar, marjori herera luis aur saili jenkins shamil hain.

