
bairaj gubbara

ack bairaj gubbara ack prakaar kaa vaayujanit bairaj haye, ack badaa binaa chaalak vaalaa baandh vaalaa gubbara jiska upayog vimaan hamale key khilaf jamini lakshyon kii raksha key liye kiya jaataa haye, oonche ispat key taaron koo oopar uthaakar joe shatrutapurna vimaanon key liye takkar kaa gambhir jokhim paida karate hain, jisase hamlawar kaa drishtikon kathin aur khatarnak hoe jaataa haye. shuruati bairaj gubbare aksar golakar hotey they. patang key gubbare kaa aakar aur cable briddling hotaa haye joe gubbare koo sthir kartaa haye aur khinchaav koo cumm kartaa haye, jise ack golakar gubbare kii tulanaa mein adhik havaa kii gati seey sanchaalit kiya jaa sakata haye. kuchh udaharanon mein chhote visfotak aarop lagaae gaye they jinhen vimaan key vinash koo sunishchit karane key liye usake khilaf kheencha jaayega. bairaj gubbare uchch oonchaai vaale vimaanon key khilaf vyaavhaarik naheen hain. ack uchch oonchaai vaale gubbare key liye aavashyak lambi cable bahut bhaari hogi.
pratham vishva yuddh.
france, germany, itali aur united kingdam ney pratham vishva yuddh mein bairaj gubbaron kaa upayog kiya. jabaki francisi aur german balon ney patang key gubbare vikasit kiye, praarambhik british bairaj gubbare golakar they.
kabhi-kabhi, vishesh roop seey landan key aspas, kaee gubbaron kaa upayog "bairaj nett" kii lambai uthaane key liye kiya jaataa thaah gubbaron key beach ack steel cable bandhi hoti thee aur usase adhik cable latkai jaati theen. inn jaalon koo usa samay avadhi key bamvarshakon kii parichaalan chhat () kii tulanaa mein oonchaai taka uthaaya jaa sakata thaa. 1918 taka landan key aspas bairaj gubbare kii raksha ney vistaar kiya, aur kabja curr liye gaye german pilots ney unake prati bahut darr vyakt kiya.
dwiteeya vishva yuddh.
1938 mein shaharon aur audyogik kshetron, bandargaahon aur bandargaahon jaise pramukh lakshyon kii raksha key liye british gubbare kii kamaan kii sthaapana kii gaee thee. gubbaron kaa uddeshya oochaai parr udane vaale gotakhor bamvarshakon key khilaf raksha karna thaa, jisase unhein adhik aur kendrit vimaan-rodhi aag kii seema mein udane key liye majboor honah padaah vimaan-rodhi bandooken cumm oonchaai aur uchch gati parr udane vaale vimaanon parr hamla karane key liye paryaapt teji seey paar naheen curr sakati theen. 1940 key madhya taka 1,400 gubbare they, jinamen seey ack tihai landan kshetra mein they.
jabaki gotakhor-bambari aprabhaavit lakshyon key khilaf ack vinashkari roop seey prabhaavi ranneeti thee, jaise kii gwernica aur rotterdam, gotakhor-bamvarshak ack gotakhor koo puuraa karane key baad kheenchate samay ladaakoo vimaan dwara hamale key liye bahut asurakshit they. shaahi vayu senaa key ladaakon kii gotakhor bamvarshak key liye apani gotakhori poori karane kii prateeksha karane aur phir uchhalate samay uchhalane kii ranneeti kii prabhavsheelta key kaaran-ack kshan jaba yeh dheema aur kamjor thaa-britten key khilaf gotakhor bamvarshak kaa upayog naazi germany dwara bund curr diyaa gayaa thaa. german uchch-stariya bamvarshakon key khilaf gubbare bahut cumm upayogi saabit hue, jinake saath gotakhor-bamvarshakon koo badal diyaa gayaa thaa, lekin phir bhee 1944 mein lagbhag 3,000 taka unakaa nirmaan jaari rhaa. way vee-1 udane vaale bumm key khilaf prabhaavi saabit hue, joe aamtaur parr neeche yaa neeche udate they, lekin isake pankhon parr taar-cutter hotey they. aadhikarik taur parr daavaa kiya jaataa haye kii gubbaron dwara 231 vee-1 koo nasht curr diyaa gayaa haye.
british ney apane gubbaron mein dou parishkaran jode, "double parachute link" (dee. pee. ell.) aur "double parachute/ripping" (dee. pee./aar.). poorv koo cable koo snag karane vaale dushman bamvarshak key sadame seey trigger kiya gayaa thaa, jisase cable key usa hisse koo donon chhoron parr parachute key saath visfotakiya roop seey chhod diyaa gayaa thaa; sanyukt vajan aur vimaan koo neeche laane key liye kheenchen. baad vaale kaa uddeshya gubbare koo surakshit karna thaa yadi yeh galati seey toot jaataa haye. bhaari mooring cable gubbare parr alag hoe jaayegi aur ack parachute key neeche jameen parr gir jaayegi; usee samay ack panel gubbare seey door hoe jaayega jisase yeh swatantra roop seey jameen parr gir jaayega.
janwari 1945 mein, palembang tail refineries parr shaahi nausena key bede key havaai hamale key dauran, british vayu chaalak dall japani raksha mein bairaj gubbaron key badey paimaane parr upayog seey aashcharyachakit they. yeye british prakaar kii tulanaa mein golakar aur chhote they. ack badmash badala lene vaalaa koo ack gubbare kii taar seey takaraane seey nasht curr diyaa gayaa aur usake chaalak dall key sadasya maare gaye.
bairaj gubbare aanshik roop seey atyadhik shuddh hydrogen seey bharey hue they. "portsmouth, ingland mein bairaj bailoon swayamsevak dorothy brannon key anusaar, "gubbare kaa sheersh hydrogen seey bharaa huaa thaa, neeche kaa aadhaa khaali chhod diyaa gayaa thaa, isaliye jaba ise ack nishchit oonchaai parr rakhaa gayaa tou yeh praakritik havaa seey bharaa huaa thaa.
bijli line baadhit.
1942 mein kanadai aur americi balon ney sault stee mein samvedansheel taale aur shipping channel kii raksha key liye sanyukt abhiyaan shuru kiya. sambhaavit havaai hamale key khilaf mahaan jheelon key beach unaki aam seema key saath mairi. agast aur octuber 1942 mein gambhir toofaanon key dauran kuchh bairaj gubbare toot gaye, aur peechhe kii taaron ney bijli kii taaron koo short-circuit curr diyaa, jisase khanan aur vinirmaan mein kuchh sthaaniya vyavadhaan paida huaa. vishesh roop seey dhaatu utpaadan baadhit huaa. kanadai sainya aitihaasik record seey sanket milata haye kii adhik gambhir ghatnaaon mein seey ack, jise "octuber kii ghatana" key roop mein jaanaa jaataa haye, 400 tunn ispat aur 10 tunn lauh-mishra dhatuon kaa anumaanit nuksan huaa. 
natijatan, sardiyon key maheenon key dauran gubbare sangraheet kiye gaye aur prashikshan mein sudhaar kiya gayaa. tootate hue gubbaron seey seekha gayaa sabak, kabje vaali europeeya mukhya bhoomi parr bijli kii aapoorti koo baadhit karane key liye pravaahakiya kebalon key peechhe gubbaron koo jaanboojhkar chhodane key liye operation koo prerit kartaa haye.
lakshya kii pehchaan.
1944 mein paschim germany mein aachen kii sadak parr, british dwiteeya saamarik vayu senaa ney americi pahali senaa kshetra kii agrim pankti (aeye.key.aeye. "bumm line") 21 octuber, 1944 koo jamini balon key aage badhane seey pahale havaai hamale key dauran dostana sainikon key sthaan koo nirdisht karane key liye, jisane aaschan leey liya thaa. isake vipareet, aaschan seey paas key durren taka pahale senaa key aage badhane key dauran, dushman sainikon key sthaan koo chihnit karane key liye poorv kii or bairaj gubbare udaaye gaye they.
yuddh key baad paramanu hathiyar pareekshan.
yuddh key baad, kuchh atirikt bairaj gubbaron kaa upayog paramanu hathiyar parikshanon key liye baandh diye gaye shott gubbaron key roop mein kiya gayaa thaa, jaba adhikansh avadhi mein paramanu hathiyaron kaa vatavaran mein pareekshan kiya gayaa thaa. hathiyar yaa "shott" koo bairaj gubbare key neeche aavashyak oonchaai parr leey jaaya gayaa thaa, jisase pareekshan towers kii tulanaa mein bahut adhik oonchaai parr niyantrit sthitiyon mein pareekshan shott kii anumati milati thee. operation plumbbob shrinkhala mein kaee parikshanon koo bairaj gubbaron kaa upayog karke oonchaai taka uthaaya gayaa thaa.

