
bosnia aur herzegovina mein samvaidhaanik sudhaar

bosnia aur herzegovina key samvidhaan mein ack baar 2009 mein sanshodhan kiya gayaa thaa, taaki brucco jilaa antim puraskar key parinam koo shamil kiya jaa sakey. 2006 aur 2014 key beach kaee samvaidhaanik sudhaaron kaa prayaas kiya gayaa thaa, taaki yeh sunishchit kiya jaa sakey kii yeh sagedic aur fincy banaam mein manvadhikaron parr europeeya sammelan key mamle key kaanoon kaa anupaalan kartaa haye. bosnia aur herzegovina aur rashtrapati aur logon key sadan key liye nishkriya chunavi adhikaaron mein jaatiya aur nivaas-adharit bhedbhaav key sambandh mein nimnalikhit mamle ("zornic", "pilaav"). europeeya sangh kii bhagidari aur shart key bavjood inmein seey koee bhee prayaas abb taka safal naheen huaa haye (2009 aur 2014 key beach, samvaidhaanik sudhaar koo bosnia aur herzegovina aur europeeya sangh key beach sthirikaran aur sangh prakriya key lagu honey key liye ack poorv shart key roop mein shamil kiya gayaa thaa).
prakriya.
anuchhed x mein, sanshodhan prakriya koo paribhaashit karate hue, bosnia aur herzegovina key samvidhaan mein kahaa gayaa haye kii ise sansadiya sabhaa key nirnay dwara sanshodhit kiya jaa sakata haye, jisamen bosnia aur herzegovina key pratinidhiyon key sadan mein upasthit aur matdan karane vaalon kaa dou-tihai bahumat shamil haye. samvidhaan mein yeh naheen kahaa gayaa haye kii kise aur kinn niyamon key tahat sansadiya sabhaa mein sanshodhan pesh karane kaa adhikaar haye. anuchhed x key paragraph 2 mein bhee samvidhaan mein kahaa gayaa haye kii anuchhed II mein dekhe gaye adhikaaron aur swatantrataon key saath-saath paragraph 2 kaa bhee upman naheen kiya jaa sakata haye.
samvaidhaanik sudhaar prayason kaa kalakram.
europe kii parishad mein pravesh aur 2005 venis aayog kii raay.
bosnia aur herzegovina 24 aprail 2002 koo europe kii parishad key sadasya baney, iss prakaar europe kii parishad key kaanoon key anuchhed 3 seey upaji sadasyata key daayitvon key saath-saath bosnia parr europe kii parishad (gati) kii sansadiya sabhaa mein soochibaddh vishisht pratibaddhataon kaa sammaan karane key liye pratibaddh hain (2002) aur herzegovina key sadasyata key liye aavedan, jisamen sansthaon key sambandh mein raajya sansthanon koo majboot karane kii aavashyakta shamil haye, aur samvidhaan key paath koo "ghatak logon" mamle (yuu-5/98) parr samvaidhaanik adalat key faisale key saath sanrekhit karna.
gati ney europe key venis aayog kii parishad koo yeh aaklan karane kaa bhee kaam saunpa kii kyaa uchch pratinidhi kii "bone shaktiyon" kaa upayog europe kii parishad key buniyaadi siddhanton kaa sammaan kartaa haye, kyaa bosnia aur herzegovina kaa samvidhaan manvadhikaron parr europeeya sammelan aur sthaaniya swa-shasson key europeeya charter key anupaalan mein thaa, saath hii saath aam taur parr desh kii samvaidhaanik vyavastha kii tarksangatata aur karyakshamta kii sameeksha karane key liye.
march 2005 mein, venis aayog ney apani salaahkaar raay jaari kii. isane nishkarsh nikala kii bone shaktiyaan, halanki bosnian yuddh key maddenajar fayademand hain, "uchit prakriya aur nyaayik niyantran kii sambhavana key binaa upayog kiye jaane parr loktaantrik siddhanton key anuroop naheen hain", aur "inn shaktiyon koo pragatisheel charanbaddh tareeke seey samaapt karane aur pratha key anta taka vyaktiyon key adhikaaron koo seedhe prabhaavit karane vaale nirnayon key liye swatantra vakeelon key ack salaahkaar panel kii sthaapana kaa ahwan kiya."
venis aayog ney raajya-stariya sansthanon kii kamjori kii bhee aalochana kii, joe "europe kii parishad aur samanya roop seey antarrashtriya samudaay key sambandh mein desh kii pratibaddhataon kaa prabhaavi dhang seey anupaalan sunishchit karane mein asamarth", saath hii rashtrapati aur mantriparishad key beach kshamataon kaa ativyaapi, rashtriya hita veeto, ikai veeto aur ack vidhaayika key roop mein logon key sadan key upayog key liye vishisht seemaon kii kamee kii aalochana kii. venis aayog ney yeh bhee nott kiya kii yeh kitna asamanya thaa kii samvidhaan kaa masauda taiyar kiya gayaa aur bosnia aur herzegovina key nagrikon koo shamil kiye binaa aur aisee prakriyaon koo lagu kiye binaa apanaaya gayaa joe loktaantrik vaidhata pradaan curr sakati theen, aur nishkarsh nikala kii yeh akalpaniya thaa kii bosnia aur herzegovina vartamaan samvaidhaanik vyavasthaon key saath vaastavik pragati curr sakate hain."iss prakaar isane antarrashtriya paryavekshan koo charanbaddh tareeke seey samaapt karane aur gharelu sansthanon koo majboot karane key liye ack samvaidhaanik sudhaar prakriya key beach ack sambandh banaaya.
aprail 2005 mein, manvadhikaron parr europeeya sammelan key liye protocol xii-joe bhedbhaav key samanya nishedh koo sthaapit kartaa haye-bosnia aur herzegovina sahit europe key sadasya raajyon kii 12 parishad dwara anusamarthan key baad bhee lagu huaa. protocol xii bosnia aur herzegovina key khilaf manvadhikaron key baad key europeeya nyayalaya key faisalon key liye mahatvapurna hoga, jisamen "sagedic aur fincy" shamil hain.
2006 aprail package.
venis aayog kii 2005 kii raay, joe dayton samjhaute kii 10veen varshgaanth key saath mell khaati haye, ney bosnia aur herzegovina mein yuu key aaveg parr samvaidhaanik sudhaar parr bahas shuru kii.aiss. desh key sansthanon key aadhunikikaran kii drishti seey kootneeti. yuu.aiss. rajanyik aar. nicolaus burns ney kahaa kii isake liye ack vyaktigat rashtrapati, ack majboot pradhaanmantri aur ack majboot adhyaksh key saath ack majboot sansad kii or badhana hoga; 2006 key aam chunaav seey pahale sudhaaron koo apanaaya jaanaa chaahiye thaa. bosnian netaa ack sanyukt bayaan mein ack aisee prakriya key liye pratibaddh honey parr bhee sahmat hue joe "raajya sarkaar key adhikaariyon koo badhaayegi aur sansad aur rashtrapati key karyalaya koo suvyavasthit karegi.
rajdoot dugglus ell. sarajevo mein mesleni aur washington mein rajdoot donald hays ney yuu. kaa netritva kiya.aiss. party netaaon key saath baatchit aur samvaidhaanik sanshodhanon key liye ack samjhaute key prastaav kaa masauda taiyar karane kii pahal, jise "aprail package" ("aprailsky paiket") kahaa jaataa haye. kull milakar, aprail package mein raajya kii kshamataon koo behtar dhang seey paribhaashit aur aanshik roop seey vistaarit kiya jaayega, aur sansthanon koo suvyavasthit kiya jaayega, jisase jaatiya samoohon kii veeto shaktiyon koo aanshik roop seey seemit kiya jaa sakega. sanshodhit samvidhaan mein shamil hongeh
sansadiya anumodan key samay, samvaidhaanik sanshodhan 2 maton seey whiffle rahey, kewal 26 aim. pee. aiss. ney 42 key paksh mein ekatra kiya, aavashyak 42 key bajaay. yeh bosnia aur herzegovina (aiss. bee. aaee. aich.) key liye harris syllagedzic kii party dwara lii gaee adhikatam poorv-nirvaachak sthiti key kaaran thaa (ikai matdan koo samaapt karane kii ichcha) aur croatian loktaantrik sangh 1990 splinter party, jinhone mahsoos kiya kii prastaav bosnia key kroton kii paryaapt suraksha naheen kartaa haye. yuu.aiss. 2007 mein milorad dodic aur syllasedzic key beach aage kii baatchit kii suvidha pradaan karke aprail package koo bachaane kii koshish kii jaayegi, lekin koee fayda naheen huaa.
2006 key anta mein uchch pratinidhi dhaan key aishdaaun koo isai schwarz-skilling key saath badalane key baad, baad vaale kaa uddeshya "sthaaniya swaamitva" koo badhaava denaa aur uchch pratinidhi (oh. aar.) key karyalaya koo bund karna thaa, jisamen samvaidhaanik sudhaar vaartaon koo antim roop denaa bhee shamil thaa. yuu dwara liye gaye bund darwaaje key drishtikon seey alag.aiss. aprail package key liye kootneeti, schwartz-skilling kaa uddeshya saarvajanik bahas koo badhaava dene aur jaatiya-rashtravadi dalon key ekadhikar koo todane key liye ack "samvaidhaanik sammelan" sthaapit karna thaa. unhone ack kaanoon-adharit samvaidhaanik aayog kaa prastaav rakhaa, jise bosnian sansad dwara naamit kiya jaanaa thaa, jisamen teen saha-adhyaksh (ack bosnian buddhijivi aur yuu. aiss. seey ack-ack) they.aiss. aur europeeya sangh) aur ack takniki sachivalaya joe bosnia key logon aur antarrashtriya logon seey samaan roop seey banaa thaa. haalaanki germany isake vittaposhan key liye taiyar thaa, lekin europeeya sangh parishad (jisane ise bahut adhik antarrashtriya star parr sanchaalit maanaa) aur aayog (joe chintit thaa kii yeh pahal pulis sudhaar key aspas chala rahee baatchit koo jatil banaa degi) dwara prastaav kaa swaagat naheen kiya gayaa thaa. croatian loktaantrik sangh (aich. dee. jey. bee. aich.) ney bhee jald hii apana samarthan vaapas leey liya, aur 2007 kii garmiyon mein yeh pahal gayab hoe gaee. brussels seey vishvaas kii kamee mahsoos karate hue, schwarz-skilling ney istifa dene kaa faisala kiya.
2008 kaa vivekpurna samjhauta.
pulis sudhaar prakriya (aur bosnia aur herzegovina aur europeeya sangh key beach sthirikaran aur sangh prakriya key agami hastakshar) aur nagarpalika chunaavon key anta key baad 2008 mein samvaidhaanik sudhaar vaarta phir seey shuru hui. 8 navambar 2008 koo, teen mukhya rashtriya dalon key netaaon (aiss. aine. aiss. dee. key liye milorad dodic, aiss. dee. aeye. key liye sulezamaan tihik aur aich. dee. jee. bih key liye dragon Çoviic) ney vivekpurna roop seey ack sanyukt samjhaute parr hastakshar kiye, jisamen manvadhikaron parr europeeya sammelan key saath bosnian samvidhaan koo saamanjasyapurna banaane, raajya kii kshamataon koo spasht karane aur karyatmak sansthanon kii sthaapana karane aur brico kii kanuni sthiti koo nipataane sahit shasson kii madhya paraton koo punargathit karane kaa unakaa uddeshya bataaya gayaa. vivekpurna bayaan mein spasht roop seey antarrashtriya sansthanon kii visheshagya sahaayata seey sanshodhanon kaa masauda taiyar karane kaa bhee ahwan kiya gayaa haye.
party netaaon kii masik baithakon key bavjood, "vivekpurna samjhaute" ney kshetriya punargathan parr samjhauta naheen kiya, kyonki tihik aur Çoviic ney baatchit koo chaar gair-jaatiya kshetron key saath sansthaon koo samaapt karane key ack tareeke key roop mein dekhaa, jabaki dodic kaa uddeshya teen saal kii avadhi key baad alag honey key liye republica srpska key adhikaar koo shamil karna thaa. dodic ney ohr koo aur chunauti denaa shuru curr diyaa aur roose key badhate samarthan parr bharosa karate hue sansthaon koo kshamataon key pratyaavartan kaa ahwan kiya.
ekmatra thhos parinam, yuu parr.aiss. dabaav, raajya sansthaan aur samvaidhaanik adalat key adhikaar kshetra key tahat brucco jile koo shamil karane key liye bosnian samvidhaan mein sanshodhan karane kaa samjhauta thaa, jaisa kii brucco madhyasthata prakriya dwara taya kiya gayaa thaa.
2009 butter prakriya.
europeeya manvadhikar adalat key agami "sagedic aur fincy" faisale aur 2010 key aam chunaav key maddenajar, 2009 key anta mein samvaidhaanik sudhaaron key liye ack nayaa jore aaya, bhale hii aapke beach alag-alag vichaar houn.aiss. aur europeeya sangh key abhineta. sanyukt raajya america aur europeeya sangh ney 9 octuber 2009 koo sarajevo key baahar butmir sainya adde parr ack vaapsee kaa ayojan kiya, jisamen yuu ney bhaag liya.aiss. rajanyik james steinberg, europeeya sangh key aayukt oli rehan aur swedish videsh mantri key saath-saath europeeya sangh kii parishad kii adhyakshata key liye poorv uchch pratinidhi carle buildt. butter draft kaa uddeshya aprail package key adhikansh tatvon koo apane niyantran mein lena thaa, saath hii ack vishisht anuchhed koo shamil karna thaa jisamen spasht kiya gayaa thaa kii kewal bosnia aur herzegovina raajya antarrashtriya sangathanon mein sadasyata key liye aavedan curr sakate hain, aur yeh kii ise sansthaon seey usa uddeshya key liye kshamata grahan karane kaa adhikaar thaa. phir bhee, gharelu sahamati mayawi saabit hui, kyonki pratyek paksh adhikatamvaadi sthiti parr atak gayaa thaa. masaude koo aiss. aine. aiss. dee. aur aich. dee. jee. bee. aich. key liye bahut kendriya maanaa gayaa thaa, aur soshal democratic party (aiss. dee. pee. bee. aich.) aur aiss. bee. aaee. aich. key liye paryaapt naheen thaa. kewal aiss. dee. aeye. spasht roop seey paksh mein thaa. dou nishfal satron key baad, europeeya manvadhikar adalat dwara navambar 2009 mein apana "sagedic aur fincy" faisala jaari karane seey thheek pahale baatchit samaapt hoe gaee.
2009 sagedic aur fincy banaam. bosnia aur herzegovina "mamla.
2009 mein, manvadhikaron kii europeeya adalat ney sagedic aur fincy banaam mein faisala sunaaya. bosnia aur herzegovina, "dervo sagedic aur jacob fincy dwara daayar ack mamla, joe romani aur yahudi jaatiyata key dou bosnian nagrik hain, aur isaliye rashtrapati pada key liye daudane key liye ayogya hain. adalat ney nirdhaarit kiya kii yeh pratibandh (anumaanit 400,000 bosnian nagrik, aabaadi kaa 12 pratishat, apane dharm, jaatiyata yaa nivaas sthaan key kaaran rashtrapati pada key liye naheen lada sakate hain) manvadhikaron parr europeeya samjhaute kaa ullanghan kartaa haye. baad key chaar mamalon mein yeh bhee paaya gayaa kii samvidhaan bhedbhavpurna haye. haalaanki, 2022 taka, isamen abhee taka sanshodhan naheen kiya gayaa haye.
2010-2012 sansadiya vaartaaen.
manvadhikaron key europeeya nyayalaya key faisale kaa matlab thaa kii manvadhikaron key anupaalan parr europeeya sammelan key muddon key liye samvaidhaanik sudhaar agende koo aur cumm karna. iska matlab yeh bhee thaa kii "crot issue" kaa samadhan khojana.ee. 2006 key aam chunaav mein zelzko comsic (aiss. dee. pee. bih) dwara dragon Çoviic kii haar key baad aich. dee. jaid. bih kii shikayat cross-ethnic matdan key liye dhanyavaad. 2010 key vasant mein sudhaaron parr charcha karane key liye ack sansadiya samiti koo kaam saunpa gayaa thaa, jiska koee parinam naheen nikla. chunaav octuber 2010 mein hue they, jisamen koee badalaav naheen huaa thaa.
haalaanki 2008 mein hastakshar kiye gaye they, europeeya sangh key saath sthirikaran aur sahyog prakriya koo sabhi europeeya sangh key sadasya raajyon dwara anumodit naheen kiya gayaa thaa. sagedic-fincy faisale key karyanvayan koo 21 march 2011 kii europeeya sangh parishad key raajneetik nishkarshon mein sthirikaran aur sangh prakriya key bull mein pravesh key liye europeeya sangh kii shart key hisse key roop mein shamil kiya gayaa thaa, jisamen "manvadhikaron parr europeeya sammelan key saath samvidhaan key anupaalan" key baare mein adhik vyaapak roop seey baat kii gaee thee.
ack naee sarkaar key gathan mein raajneetik gatirodh key bavjood, octuber 2010 aur march 2012 key beach, sansad ney sagedic aur fincy banaam key mamle mein manvadhikaron kii europeeya adalat key faisale key karyanvayan key liye ack sanyukt tadarth samiti key dhaanche mein baatchit jaari rakhee. bosnia aur herzegovina, "pratinidhi sabhaa seey 11 aim. pee. aiss. aur pratinidhi sabhaa key sadasya sephic zaferovic key netritva mein lock sabhaa seey 2 aim. pee. aiss. seey banaa haye. jabaki samiti ney rashtriya zana-sadan mein "anya" key 3 pratinidhiyon koo jodane parr sahamati vyakt kii (bosnia aur herzegovina key sangh seey dou aur ganarajya seey ack), rashtrapati pada key liye koee samadhan naheen milaa, bosnian serb apane sadasya key pratyaksh chunaav parr jore dey rahey they, aur bosnian crot bhavishya mein comsic mamalon seey bachane key liye apratyaksh chunaav yaa ack alag nirvaachan kshetra kaa ahwan curr rahey they.
2012-2014 europeeya madhyasthata vaarta.
sagedic-fincy faisale key karyanvayan kii disha mein "vishvasaniya prayason" key roop mein sthirikaran aur sangh prakriya key lagu honey key liye utkrisht shart bunny rahee, juuna 2012 mein, europeeya sangh key aayukt shtefan phoole ney bosnia aur herzegovina key saath vilay prakriya (aich. ell. dee.) parr ack uchch stariya baatchit shuru kii, jisamen sagedic-fincy mudde aur desh key liye ack samanvaya tantra kii aavashyakta donon seey nipata gayaa. juuna aur navambar 2012 mein baatchit hui, jisamen bahut cumm safalata millie.
2012 kii garmiyon mein, aich. dee. jee. bih aur aiss. dee. pee. bih key netaa dragon Çoviic aur zlatco lagumjija bosnian sansad dwara bosnian rashtrapati key sadasyon key apratyaksh chunaav parr sahmat hue, lekin saude koo vistrit sanshodhanon mein naheen badala gayaa. aich. dee. jaid. bih nae comsic mamalon koo rokane key liye chunavi sudhaar kaa ahwan kartaa rhaa. usee zelzko comsic ney usa samjhaute key saath asahamati mein sdp bih chhod diyaa, joe unhein phir seey satta mein aaney seey baahar curr detaa. aiss. dee. aeye. ney bhee iska virodh kiya, kyonki isane ack aur vishamta paida kii hogi, jisamen ack rashtrapati sadasya (ganarajya seey) pratyaksh roop seey nirvaachit hotaa, aur dou apratyaksh roop seey nirvaachit hotey.
farwari 2013 mein, europeeya aayog ney europe key mahasachiv thorbjorn jagland kii parishad key samanvaya mein, fuel dwara baatchit kii seedhi suvidha key saath apani bhagidari badhaane kaa faisala kiya. march aur aprail 2013 mein, stephano sanino key vistaar key liye mahanideshak key samarthan seey, sarajevo mein europeeya sangh key pratinidhimandal ney party netaaon key beach seedhi baatchit kii ack shrinkhala kii suvidha pradaan kii, lekin koee thhos parinam naheen nikla.
2013 kii garmiyon key dauran, čoviic aur bosnian rashtrapati pada key sadasya bakir izetbegovic ney yuu key netritva mein pahal key samanantar, moster seey sagedic-finchi taka kaee faailon parr ack raajneetik samjhauta kiya.aiss. sanghiya ikai key samvaidhaanik sudhaar key liye dutawas. sagedic-finchi mudde koo hull karane key siddhanton parr ack samjhaute parr 1 octuber 2013 koo brussels mein raajneetik netaaon dwara hastakshar kiye gaye they, lekin isake turant baad yeh vaashpit hoe gayaa. navambar 2013 mein praag key paas ack mahal mein aur baad mein 2014 key pahale maheenon mein yuu. aiss. kii upasthiti key saath sarajevo mein raajneetik netaaon key beach teen aur daur kii baatchit kaa netritva kiya gayaa.aiss. aur venis aayog. uchch aashaon key bavjood, koee samadhan naheen mill sakaa, kyonki aich. dee. jaid. bih. key liye bosnian rashtrapati pada kii teesari seat parr kabja karane mein saksham honey kii poorna ankganitiya nishchitata kii aavashyakta thee-joe yeh dekhate hue kii sagedic-finchi nirnay vaastav mein usee rashtrapati pada taka pahunch mein jaatiya bhedbhaav koo door karane key baare mein thaa, kissy bhee sambhaavit model dwara pradaan naheen kiya jaa sakaa. 17 farwari 2014 koo baatchit samaapt hoe gaee, jabaki sarajevo aur desh key baaki hisson mein lokpriya virodh pradarshan chala rahey they.
ikai-star key samvaidhaanik sudhaar.
bosnia aur herzegovina kaa sangh.
bosnia aur herzegovina key sangh key samvidhaan koo ise apanaane key baad seey 109 baar seey adhik sanshodhit kiya gayaa haye, mukhya roop seey bosnia aur herzegovina key samvaidhaanik nyayalaya key nirnayon kaa anupaalan sunishchit karane key liye uchch pratinidhi key adhiropan key madhyam seey. sanghiya sansad dwara abb taka koee samekit sanskaran naheen apanaaya gayaa haye.
farwari 2013 mein raajya star parr sagedic-fincy mudde parr europeeya sangh kii suvidha vaarta key samanantar, yuu.aiss. dutawas ney ack visheshagya kaary samooh kaa samarthan kiya jisane sanghiya pratinidhi sabhaa koo apani 188 sifaarishen prastut keen, jiska uddeshya sangh, canton aur nagar paalikaon key beach ativyaapi kshamataon key saath mahangi aur jatil shasson sanrachanaon koo sambodhit karna thaa, jaisa kii vartamaan mein sanghiya samvidhaan mein shamil haye. iss pahal koo antatah sansad dwara sweekaar naheen kiya gayaa thaa.

