
smriti kaa patthar

smaarak kaa patthar yuddh smarakon key liye ack maankeekrit design haye jise 1917 mein british vastukar surr advin lutyens dwara shaahi yuddh kabr aayog (aaee. doubleu. jee. see.) key liye design kiya gayaa thaa. ise pratham vishva yuddh key mritakon key smaran mein banaaya gayaa thaa, jiska upayog aaee. doubleu. jee. see. yuddh kabristanon mein kiya jaataa haye jinamen 1,000 yaa adhik kabrein hoti hain, yaa 1,000 seey adhik yuddh mritakon key smaarak sthalon parr kiya jaataa haye. pratham vishva yuddh key baad saikadon kaa nirmaan kiya gayaa thaa, aur taba seey iska upayog dwiteeya vishva yuddh mein maare gaye rashtramandal key kabristanon mein bhee kiya jaataa rhaa haye. iska uddeshya una logon koo yaad karna haye joe "sabhi dharmon key hain aur koee naheen", aur ise lutyens key "sabse mahatvapurna aur shaktishali karyon" mein seey ack key roop mein varnit kiya gayaa haye, jisamen "jahaan bhee upayog kiya jaataa haye, vahaan ack uttejak, prahari jaisi upasthiti" haye.
design.
iss design key liye praarambhik vichaar lutyens dwara maee aur agast 1917 mein patron aur gyapanon mein shaahi yuddh kabr aayog key sansthaapak aur pramukh fabian wayer koo bheje gaye they, usa avadhi seey pahale aur baad mein jisamen lutyens aur anya vastukaron ney julaai 1917 mein yuddh key samay mein france mein kabristan kaa daura kiya thaa, taaki wayer key anurodh parr, mritakon koo yaad karane key liye kyaa kiya jaanaa chaahiye, iss parr apane praarambhik vichaar diye jaa sakenh
design kaa hissa teen-kadam vaalaa munch haye jiss parr pratyek patthar tikaa huaa haye. vastukala itihaaskaar gavin stamp, "mook shaharon" (1977) mein, lutian key 1917 key bartanon key saath patrachar seey aage uddhrit kartaa haye, jahan lutyens prastaavit patthar kaa varnan iss prakaar karate hainh
2006 mein baad key ack kaam mein, daak tikat ack samaan amoort aur jyaamitiya avadharana kii pehchaan kartaa haye joe lutyens kii rachanaatmak prakriya kaa hissa thee, ack patra kaa hawala dete hue joe lutyens ney julaai 1917 mein france kii yatra key dauran apani patni koo likhaa thaa, jisamen varnan kiya gayaa thaa kii kaise ack 'kansya kii thhos gend' kaa upayog ack sthaayi smaarak banaane key liye kiya jaa sakata haye.
usee varsh "amar viraasat" key roop mein prakaashit wayer kii 1937 kii report key samay taka, akele france aur belgium mein pratham vishva yuddh key kabristanon aur smarakon key liye lagbhag 560 smaarak patthar banaae gaye they.
prateekvaad.
smaarak kaa patthar rashtramandal yuddh kabr aayog kabristanon aur smarakon kii maanak vaastushilp visheshtaon mein seey ack haye, doosara reginald blomfield dwara balidan kaa cross haye. isake vipareet, patthar key liye design jaanboojhkar "vishesh dharmon seey judey aakaron" seey bachaata thaa. patthar key aakar kii tulanaa ack shavpetika aur ack vedi donon seey kii gaee haye, lekin hamesha amoort honey aur sabhi sampradayon koo aakarshit karane kaa irada thaa.
haalaanki, design aur anumodan prakriya key dauran aur baad mein prateekvaad parr vivaad huaa. lutyens aur dharmnirpeksh vastukala aur smaran kii samaantaa (bartan sahit) kii avadharana kaa samarthan karane vaalon koo una logon (aayog aur angreji bishapon koo salah dene vaale anya vastukaron sahit) key saath sangharsh karna padaa joe cross key spasht isai prateekvaad chaahte they, yaa jinhone prastaavit patthar key moortipoojak swaron parr apatti jataai. lutyens ney apane vichaar key liye samarthan praapt karane key liye vibhinn prakaar key logon key saath patrachar kiya. antatah (janwari 1918 taka), cross aur patthar donon kaa upayog karane kaa nirnay liya gayaa, aur donon designs koo alag-alag tarikon seey apanaaya gayaa. blomfield kaa cross kabristan key aakar key anusaar vibhinn aakaron mein banaaya gayaa thaa, jisamen lutyens kaa patthar ack hii aakar kaa rahata haye, lekin chhote kabristanon (1,000 seey cumm dafanon) mein iska upayog naheen kiya jaa rhaa thaa, jahaan yeh socha gayaa thaa kii yeh setting koo abhibhoot curr dega.
jyaamiti.
patthar kii sanrachana kii jyaamiti "parthenan key adhyayan parr adharit thee. australiyai sarkaar key poorv sainikon key mamalon key vibhaag key anusaar pratyek patthar 3.5 meater lamba aur 1.5 meater unchaa haye. ise pravesh key siddhant kaa upayog karke design kiya gayaa thaa. isamen design mein sookshm vakron koo shamil karna shamil haye, taaki patthar key seedhe paksh naa houn, lekin golakar rekhaaen houn joe yadi vistaarit kii jaati hain tou vyaas mein 1,801 feat aur 8 inch (549.15 meater) kaa ack goal banaati hain. patthar key smaarak key prabhaav kaa shreya isaki jyaamiti koo diyaa gayaa haih ..isaki jigyasu shakti aur prateekaatmak shakti isake saavdhaanipoorvak anupaat aur isaki sabhi satahon parr ack sookshm pravesh dwaar key anuprayog seey praapt hoti haye."
shilalekh.
patthar parr utkeern vakyansh, joe design charan key dauran sujhaae gaye kaee vakyanshon mein seey ack thaa, british lekhak, kavi aur nobel puraskar vijeta rudyard kippling dwara prastaavit kiya gayaa thaa, jinake ekmatra bete kii yuddh mein mrityu hoe gaee thee. kippling kii bhoomika shilalekhon aur anya saahityik mamalon parr aaee. doubleu. jee. see. (abb see. doubleu. jee. see.) koo salah denaa thaa, aur smriti key pattharon parr upayog kiya jaane vaalaa vakyansh sirach key gyaan kaa ack uddharan haye. (acclesiasticus 44:14)

