
achchi tarah seey maar

ack kuaan maarnaa satah parr dabaav niyantran upkaran kii aavashyakta key binaa jalaashay taral padaarth key pravaah koo rokane key liye aavashyak ghanatva key vishesh taral padaarth key ack stambh koo ack kuein mein rakhane kaa sanchaalan haye. yeh iss siddhant parr kaam kartaa haye kii "maarnaa taral padaarth" yaa "maarnaa mitty" kaa jalsthaitik sir gathan taral padaarth key dabaav koo dabaane key liye paryaapt hoga. behtar tareeke seey maarne kii yojana unnat hastakshepon jaise kii kaary-samaapti, yaa aakasmik sanchaalan key mamle mein banaai jaa sakati haye. achchi tarah seey maarne kii sthiti lene kii vidhi koo nirdhaarit karegi.
sabhi achchi tarah seey maare jaane vaale jaanboojhkar naheen hotey hain. iss avsar parr, satah seey methanol jaise rasayanon key injection seey yaa jalaashay seey utpaadit taral padarthon seey taral padarthon kaa anpekshit sanchay, kuein, vishesh roop seey gais kuon koo maarne key liye paryaapt hoe sakata haye, jinhen maarnaa bahut aasaan haye.
samanya taur parr achchi tarah seey niyantran ack behad mahanga aur khatarnak operation haye. vyaapak prashikshan, pareekshan, yogyata kaa pramaan aur anubhav yojana banaane aur ack achchi tarah seey maarne key liye poorv-aavashyaktaaen hain, yahaan taka kii ack saral prateet honey vaalaa bhee. galat tareeke seey kiye gaye achche pradarshan key kaaran kaee logon kii maut hoe gaee haye.
siddhant.
ack kuein koo maarne kaa siddhant ack drav stambh key vajan key prabhaav key ird-gird ghoomata haye aur isaliye kuein key tala parr dabaav daala jaataa haye.
sootra _ 1
jahan p ack vishisht gaharaai parr dabaav haye, h, stambh key bheetar, g gurutvaakarshan kaa twaran haye aur ρ drav kaa ghanatva haye. tail udyog mein vajan ghanatva kaa upayog karna aam baat haye, joe dravyamaan ghanatva aur gurutvaakarshan key twaran kaa utpaad haye. yeh sameekaran koo cumm kartaa haih
sootra _ 2
jahan γ vajan ghanatva haye. bhaar ghanatva koo dabaav pravanata key roop mein bhee varnit kiya jaa sakata haye kyonki yeh seedhe nirdhaarit kartaa haye kii drav key stambh kii gaharaai koo badhaakar kitna atirikt dabaav jodaa jaayega.
ack kuein seey maarne key operation kaa uddeshya jalaashay taral padaarth key dabaav kii tulanaa mein maarne vaale taral padaarth key neeche key dabaav koo barabar (yaa thodaa adhik) banaana haye.
udaaharan key liye.
chhed key neeche jalaashay taral padaarth kaa dabaav 38 aim. pee. aeye. haye. hamaare paas 16 key. aine. key vajan ghanatva key saath ack maar dene vaalaa taral padaarth haye.m−3. kuein koo maarne key liye jalsthaitik sir kii oonchaai kyaa honey chaahiye?
sameekaran seh
sootra _ 3
sootra _ 4
sootra _ 5
isaliye, iss taral padaarth key 2375 meater key ack stambh kii aavashyakta haye. yeh stambh kii vaastavik urdhvaadhar gaharaai koo sandarbhit kartaa haye, naa kii maapi gaee gaharaai koo, joe hamesha urdhvaadhar seey vichalan key kaaran vaastavik urdhvaadhar gaharaai seey badee hoti haye.
tail kshetra mein ganit.
tail udyog mein, ack shuddh see pranali behad durlabh haye. vajan ghanatva aamtaur parr yaa tou vishisht gurutvaakarshan key roop mein yaa prati gallen pound mein diye jaate hain. saral roopaantaran kaarak (vishisht gurutvaakarshan key liye 0.433 aur ppg key liye 0.052) inn moolyon koo psi prati phut mein dabaav pravanata mein parivartit karate hain. pairon kii gaharaai seey gunaa karane seey stambh key neeche dabaav padata haye.
beshak, jaba kuein koo gaharaai ikai key roop mein meater mein khoda jaa rhaa haye, tou ganit adhik jatil hoe jaataa haye. choonki achchi tarah seey maarne kaa pramanan aam taur parr (america/britten mein) "tail kshetra ikaaiyon" (lambai key liye feat, vyaas key liye inch, matra-pump key liye tail kshetra bairal, dabaav key liye pee. aiss. aaee.) mein kiya jaataa haye, isaliye aksar sthaaniya niyamon aur udyog "sarvottam abhyaas" key anuroop niyojit gananaon koo banaae rakhane key liye jatil samadhan kiye jaate hain.
achchi tarah seey maarne key tareeke.
sabhi kuein key maare jaane key dauran, kuein key sabse kamjor bindu (yaa aavaran/liner pipe, jaisa kii uchit hoe) parr gathan kii taakat seey adhik naheen honey parr saavdhaanipoorvak dhyaan diyaa jaanaa chaahiye, "fracture pressure", anyatha kuein seey nirmaan taka taral padaarth khou jaayega. choonki yeh khoya huaa aayatan agyaat haye, isaliye yeh bataana bahut kathin hoe jaataa haye kii hatyaa kaise aage badh rahee haye, vishesh roop seey yadi gais kuein key vibhinn hisson key madhyam seey apani badee matra mein parivartan key saath shamil haye. iss tarah kii "khoye hue parisancharan" kii sthiti key saath ack achchi tarah seey maarne kaa sanyojan ack gambhir samasya haye.
parisancharan kii khoye hue halat, nishchit roop seey, achchi tarah seey maar dene vaali sthitiyon kaa kaaran bhee bunn sakate hain.
riverse parisancharan.
yeh aksar ack niyojit achchi tarah seey maarne kaa sabse saaf tarika haye. isamen kuein key 'aeye' annulus koo neeche fenkana shamil haye, isake aur utpaadan nalika key beach sanchaar key ack bindu key madhyam seey utpaadan paiket key thheek oopar aur nalika key oopar, halke kuein key boor taral padaarth koo visthaapit karna, jinhen utpaadan mein pravaahit karane kii anumati haye.
sanchaar kaa bindu paaramparik roop seey ack upkaran thaa jise sliding sleeve, yaa sliding side door kahaa jaataa thaa, joe ack hydrolic roop seey sanchaalit upkaran haye, jise utpaadan nalika mein banaaya jaataa haye. samanya sanchaalan key dauran, yeh nalikaon aur vaarshik koo bund curr detaa thaa, lekin iss tarah kii ghatnaaon key liye, ise donon kshetron key beach taral padaarth key mukt pravaah kii anumati dene key liye khola jaataa thaa. yeye ghatak paksh seey baahar hoe gaye hain kyonki way risaav key liye pravan they. isake bajaay, parisancharan key liye nalika mein ack chhed koo mukka maarnaa abb adhik aam haye. haalaanki yeh sthaayi roop seey nalikaon koo nuksan pahunchaata haye, yeh dekhate hue kii adhikansh niyojit kuein kaam key liye hotey hain, yeh koee mudda naheen haye, kyonki nalikaon koo vaise bhee pratisthaapan key liye kheencha jaa rhaa haye.
bullhead.
yeh aakasmikta key kaaran achchi tarah seey maarne kaa sabse aam tarika haye. yadi parisancharan key liye samay nikaale binaa, ack kuein koo jaldi seey maarne kii achaanak aavashyakta haye, tou bullhead key adhik kund upkaran kaa upayog kiya jaa sakata haye. isamen kewal kuein key boor koo seedhe neeche fenkana shamil haye, jisase kuein key boor taral padaarth koo jalaashay mein vaapas dhakel diyaa jaataa haye. yeh ack kuein koo maarne key kendriya uddeshya koo praapt karane mein prabhaavi hoe sakata haye; kuein mein paryaapt jalsthaitik sir kaa nirmaan. haalaanki, yeh nalikaon yaa aavaran kii visfot-dabaav kshamataon dwara seemit kiya jaa sakata haye, aur isamen avaanchhit samagri koo majboor karke jalaashay koo nuksan pahunchaane kaa jokhim uthaa sakata haye. iska pramukh laabh yeh haye kii ise cumm unnat yojana key saath kiya jaa sakata haye.
aage kaa parisancharan.
yeh riverse circulation key samaan haye, sivaay isake kii kill taral padaarth koo utpaadan nalikaon mein pump kiya jaataa haye aur annulus key madhyam seey prasaarit kiya jaataa haye. halanki prabhaavi haye, yeh utanaa vaanchhaniya naheen haye kyonki yeh pasand kiya jaataa haye kii kuein key boor taral padaarth koo utpaadan key liye visthaapit kiya jaae, naa kii vaarshik.
snehan aur raktasraav.
yeh achchi tarah seey maarne kaa sabse adhik samay lene vaalaa roop haye. isamen baar-baar kuein mein mitty kii chhoti matra mein pump karna aur phir atirikt dabaav seey raktasraav karna shamil haye. yeh iss siddhant parr kaam kartaa haye kii bhaari mitty halke boor taral padaarth key neeche doob jaayegi aur isaliye dabaav seey khoon bahane seey baad vaale koo hataa diyaa jaayega, jisase lagaatar kadmon key saath kuein mein mitty kii badhati matra reh jaayegi.
drilling operation key dauran achchi tarah seey maar detaa haye.
drilling key dauran, sateek roop seey nirmit drilling drav key upayog key madhyam seey dabaav niyantran banaae rakhaa jaataa haye, joe chhed key neeche key dabaav koo santulit kartaa haye. achaanak uchch dabaav vaale pockett kaa saamana karane kii sthiti mein, drilling taral padaarth key kaaran dabaav uchch gathan dabaav kaa mukabala karane mein saksham naheen hoe sakata haye. gathan taral padaarth koo kuein mein pravesh karane kii anumati detaa haye. gathan drav key iss pravaah koo kick kahaa jaataa haye aur phir kuein koo maarnaa aavashyak hoe jaataa haye. yeh drill pipe koo neeche mitty koo maar curr pump karke kiya jaataa haye, jahaan yeh neeche aur kuein mein failata haye.
ack achchi tarah seey maarne koo ulatana.
ack kuein koo maarne (yaa ack anajaane mein kuein koo maarne kii vaastaviktaa) kaa irada jalaashay key taral padarthon koo satah parr bahane seey rokna haye. yeh nishchit roop seey taba samasyaaen paida kartaa haye jaba kuein koo phir seey bahaana vaanchhaniya hotaa haye. kuein koo maarne key liye, kuein seey taral padaarth koo visthaapit kiya jaanaa chaahiye. isamen uchch dabaav parr gais kaa injection denaa shamil haye, aamtaur parr nitrogen kyonki yeh nishkriya aur apekshaakrit sastaa haye. ack gais koo paryaapt dabaav mein rakhaa jaa sakata haye taaki vaha bhaari maar dene vaale taral padaarth koo dhakel sakey, lekin phir dabaav hataae jaane key baad iska vistaar hoga aur yeh halka hoe jaayega. iska matlab haye kii ghaatak drav koo visthaapit karane seey, yeh swayam kuein koo naheen maarega. cumm ghanatva ("halka") taral padaarth jaise deejal eendhan, yaa "(synthetic) tail-adharit mitty" key liye "aadhar taral padaarth" kaa bhee upayog kiya jaa sakata haye, joe ack vishisht kuein key liye upalabdhata aur dabaav-prabandhan key muddon parr nirbhar kartaa haye. jalaashay key taral padaarth satah parr bahane mein saksham honey chaahiye, jisase gais visthaapit hoe jaae.
aisaa karane kaa sabse sastaa tarika bullhead key samaan haye, jahan halke taral padaarth (nitrogen, yaa cumm ghanatva vaalaa taral) koo uchch dabaav mein pump kiya jaataa haye taaki taral padaarth koo jalaashay mein maar diyaa jaa sakey. yeh, nishchit roop seey, achchi tarah seey nuksan pahunchaane kaa ack uchch jokhim chalaata haye. sabse prabhaavi tarika kundalit nalikaon kaa upayog karna haye, gais/deejal koo kundal key neeche pump karna aur neeche key kuein mein failana haye, jahaan yeh mitty koo utpaadan key liye visthaapit curr dega. (nishchit roop seey, usa sthaan parr ack kundalit nalika failaane mein kaam aur rasad key hafton lugg sakate hain.)

