
dutch east indies parr japani kabja

japan key samrajya ney dwiteeya vishva yuddh key dauran march 1942 seey sitambar 1945 mein yuddh kii samaapti taka dutch purvi bhaarat (abb indoneshiya) parr kabja curr liya. yeh aadhunik indoneshiya key itihas mein sabse mahatvapurna aur mahatvapurna avadhiyon mein seey ack thaa.
maee 1940 mein, germany ney neetherland parr kabja curr liya, aur dutch east indies mein marshel low ghoshit kiya gayaa. dutch adhikaariyon aur japaniyon key beach baatchit kii viphalata key baad, dweepsamuh mein japani sampattiyon koo jabt curr liya gayaa thaa. 7 disambar 1941 koo motee bandargah parr hamale key baad dutch ney japan key khilaf yuddh kii ghoshana curr dee. dutch east indies parr japani aakraman 10 janwari 1942 koo shuru huaa, aur shaahi japani senaa ney teen maheene seey bhee cumm samay mein poore upanivesh parr kabja curr liya. dutch ney 8 march koo aatmasamarpan curr diyaa. shuru mein, adhikansh indoneshiyai logon ney japaniyon kaa unake dutch aupaniveshik swaamiyon seey muktidata key roop mein swaagat kiya. haalaanki, bhavna badal gaee, kyonki 4 seey 1 karod indoneshiyai logon koo jaava mein aarthik vikas aur raksha pariyojanaon parr jabaran majdooron ("romusha") key roop mein bharti kiya gayaa thaa. 200, 000 seey aadhe million key beach jaava seey baahari dweepon aur barma aur siyam taka bheje gaye they. jaava seey nikaale gaye logon mein seey 70,000 seey adhik yuddh mein naheen bache. dutch east indies mein japani kabje key dauran akaal aur jabaran shram key parinamswarup chaalees laakh logon kii maut hoe gaee, jisamen 30,000 europeeya nagrik prashikshu mautein shamil theen.
1944-1945 mein, sahayogi sainikon ney kaafee hudd taka dutch east indies koo darkinar curr diyaa aur jaava aur sumatra jaise sabse adhik aabaadi vaale hisson mein apana raasta naheen banaaya. agast 1945 mein japan key aatmasamarpan key samay adhikansh dutch east indies abhee bhee kabje mein they.
yeh kabja dutch key liye unaki coloney mein pahali gambhir chunauti thee aur dutch aupaniveshik shasson koo samaapt curr diyaa. isake anta taka, parivartan itane asankhya aur asadharan they kii baad mein indoneshiya kii rashtriya kranti sambhav hoe gaee. dutch key vipareet, japaniyon ney gaanv key star taka indoneshiya key rajneetikaran koo suvidhajanak banaaya. japaniyon ney kaee yuva indoneshiyai logon koo shikshit, prashikshit aur sashastr kiya aur apane rashtravadi netaaon koo ack raajneetik aavaaj dee. iss prakaar, dutch aupaniveshik shasson key vinash aur indoneshiyai raashtravaad kii suvidha donon key madhyam seey, japani kabje ney prashant mein japani aatmasamarpan key kuchh dinon key bheetar indoneshiya kii swatantrata kii ghoshana key liye paristhitiyaan paida curr deen. haalaanki, neetherland ney bhaartiyon koo phir seey hassil karane kii koshish kii, aur ack kadwa paanch saal kaa rajanyik, sainya aur samajik sangharsh shuru huaa, jisake parinamswarup neetherland ney disambar 1949 mein indoneshiya kii samprabhuta koo maanyata dee.
prishthabhoomi.
1942 taka, joe abb indoneshiya haye, vaha neetherland kii ack coloney thee aur dutch east indies key roop mein jaani jaati thee. 1929 mein, indoneshiya key rashtriya jaagriti key dauran, indoneshiya key rashtravadi netaaon sukarno aur mohammad hatta (baad mein sansthaapak rashtrapati aur uparaashtrapati) ney prashant yuddh kii poorv-kalpana kii aur kahaa kii dutch purvi bhaarat parr japani pragati swatantrata key liye fayademand hoe sakati haye.
japaniyon ney yeh baat failai kii way 'asia key prakaash' they. japan ekmatra asiai rashtra thaa jisane 19veen shatabdi key anta mein safaltapurvak khud koo ack aadhunik takniki samaaj mein badal diyaa thaa aur yeh taba bhee swatantra rhaa jaba adhikansh asiai desh europeeya yaa americi shakti key adheen they, aur ack europeeya shakti, roose koo yuddh mein haraa diyaa thaa. chean mein apane sainya abhiyaan key baad, japan ney dakshin poorv asia kii or apana dhyaan kendrit kiya, anya asiai logon koo ack 'grater east asean koo-prosperity kshetra' kii vakaalat kii, jise unhone japani netritva key tahat ack prakaar key vyaapaar kshetra key roop mein varnit kiya. 20veen shatabdi key poorvaardh mein japaniyon ney dheere-dheere asia mein apana prabhaav failaaya thaa aur 1920 aur 1930 key dashak key dauran bhaarat mein vyaparik sambandh sthaapit kiye they. inmein chhote shahar key naaee, photographic studio aur salesman seey laker badey department store aur suzuki aur mitsubishi jaisi farmein cheeni key vyaapaar mein shamil hoe rahee theen.
japan aur neetherland kii bhaarat sarkaar key beach aarthik tanaav key kaaran dheere-dheere kamee shuru karane seey pahale japani aabaadi 1931 mein 6,949 nivaasiyon key saath charam parr thee. indoneshiya key rashtravadiyon key saath sambandh sthaapit karane key liye unaki sarkaar dwara kaee japaniyon koo bheja gayaa thaa, vishesh roop seey muslim dalon key saath, jabaki indoneshiya key rashtravadiyon koo japan kii yatra key liye praayojit kiya gayaa thaa. indoneshiyai raashtravaad kaa aisaa protsaahan 'asiai logon key liye asia' key liye ack vyaapak japani yojana kaa hissa thaa. jabaki adhikansh indoneshiyai dutch nasleeya adharit pranali koo samaapt karane key japani vaade key liye ashawadi they, cheeni indoneshiyai, joe dutch shasson key tahat ack visheshaadhikaar praapt sthiti kaa anand lete they, cumm ashawadi they. 1930 key dashak key anta mein manchuria aur chean mein japani aakraamakta ney indoneshiya mein cheeniyon key beach chinta paida curr dee, jinhone japan virodhi prayaas kaa samarthan karane key liye dhana kii sthaapana kii. dutch khufiya sevaaon ney indoneshiya mein rahane vaale japaniyon kii bhee nigrani kii.
navambar 1941 mein, dhaarmik, raajneetik aur trade union samoohon key ack indoneshiyai sangathan, "majlis raktat indoneshiya" ney dutch east indies sarkaar koo ack gyaapan prastut kiya jisamen yuddh key khatare kaa saamana karane key liye indoneshiya key logon koo jutaane kaa anurodh kiya gayaa thaa. gyaapan koo isaliye khariz curr diyaa gayaa kyonki sarkaar ney "majlis rakat indoneshiya" koo logon kaa pratinidhi naheen maanaa. chaar maheene seey bhee cumm samay baad, japaniyon ney dweepsamuh parr kabja curr liya thaa.
aakraman.
8 disambar 1941 koo nirvaasit dutch sarkaar ney japan key khilaf yuddh kii ghoshana kii. janwari mein general archibald wewell kii kamaan mein dakshin poorv asia mein sahayogi balon key samanvaya key liye americi-british-dutch-australiyai kamaan (abdacom) kaa gathan kiya gayaa thaa. aakraman seey pahale key hafton mein, varishth dutch sarkari adhikaari raajneetik kaidiyon, parivaar aur vyaktigat karmchaariyon koo australia leey jaate hue nirvaasan mein chaley gaye. japani sainikon key aagaman seey pahale, pratidvandi indoneshiyai samoohon key beach sangharsh they jahan loga maare gaye, gayab hoe gaye yaa chhip gaye. cheeni aur dutch key swaamitva vaali sampattiyon mein todfod kii gaee aur unhein nasht curr diyaa gayaa.
1942 kii shuruat mein aakraman teji seey aur poorna thaa. janwari 1942 taka, sulavesi aur kalimantan key kuchh hisse japani niyantran mein they. farwari taka, japani sumatra parr utar gaye they jahan unhone dutch key khilaf vidroh karane key liye esni koo protsaahit kiya thaa. 19 farwari koo, pahale seey hii ambone parr kabja curr lene key baad, japani purvi kaary bull timor mein utaraa, kupang key paas paschimi timor mein ack vishesh parachute ikai girai, aur disambar mein aakraman karane vaali sahayogi senaaon koo baahar nikaalane key liye purtagaali timor key dilee kshetra mein utaraa. 27 farwari koo, japan koo rokane key liye sahayogi nausena kaa antim prayaas jaava sagar kii ladaai mein unaki haar seey palat gayaa. 28 farwari seey 1 march 1942 taka, japani sanic jaava key uttari tata key saath chaar sthaanon parr lagbhag binaa kissy pareshani key utare. sabse bheeshan ladaai ambone, timor, kalimantan aur jaava sagar mein aakraman binduon mein hui thee. baali jaise sthaanon parr jahaan koee dutch sanic naheen they, vahaan koee ladaai naheen thee. 9 march koo dutch commander ney governor general jonkir aeye key saath aatmasamarpan curr diyaa.doubleu.ell. tzarda vaine starkenbourg statuver.
japani kabje kaa swaagat shuru mein indoneshiyai logon dwara ashawadi utsaah key saath kiya gayaa thaa joe jhande laharaate hue aur samarthan key liye chillaate hue japani senaa seey milane aae they jaise kii "japan hamara badaa bhaai haye" aur "banzai daaee nippon". jaise-jaise japani aage badhe, vidrohiyon ney dweepsamuh key lagbhag harr hisse mein europeeya (vishesh roop seey dutch) key samoohon koo maar daala aur japaniyon koo badey samoohon key thikaane key baare mein vishvasaniya roop seey soochit kiya. jaisa kii prasiddh indoneshiyai lekhak pramoidya anant toar ney ullekh kiyaah "japaniyon key aagaman key saath lagbhag harr koee aashaa seey bharaa huaa thaa, sivaay una logon key jinhone dutch kii seva mein kaam kiya thaa.
japani prashaasan.
yeh ummeed karate hue kii dutch prashasakon koo japaniyon dwara coloney chalaane key liye rakhaa jaayega, adhikansh dutch ney jaane seey incar curr diyaa thaa. isake bajaay, unhein nirodh shiviron mein bheja gayaa aur varishth aur takniki padon parr japani yaa indoneshiyai pratisthaapan sthaapit kiye gaye. japani sainikon ney sarkari buniyaadi dhaanche aur bandargaahon aur daak sevaaon jaisi sevaaon parr niyantran curr liya. nazarband 100,000 europeeya (aur kuchh cheeni) nagrikon key alawa, 80,000 dutch, british, australiyai aur americi sahayogi sanic yuddh-bandee shiviron mein gaye jahan mrityu darr 13 aur 30 pratishat key beach thee. indoneshiya key shaasak varg (sthaaniya adhikaariyon aur raajnetaon seey banaa joe pahale dutch aupaniveshik sarkaar key liye kaam curr chuke they) ney japani sainya adhikaariyon key saath sahyog kiya, jinhone badale mein sthaaniya raajneetik abhijaat varg koo satta mein rakhane mein madad kii aur unhein nae aaney vaale japani audyogik chintaon aur vyavsaayon aur sashastr balon (mukhya roop seey dutch purvi bhaarat mein japani senaa dwara sanchaalit sahayak sainya aur pulis ikaaiyon) kii aapoorti key liye niyukt kiya. indoneshiya key sahyog ney japani sainya sarkaar koo badey dweepsamuh key jalmaargon aur akash koo surakshit karane aur apane dweepon koo kissy bhee sahayogi hamale (joe sambhavatah australia seey aatey hain) key khilaf raksha chaukiyon key roop mein upayog karane parr dhyaan kendrit karane kii anumati dee.
japaniyon ney indoneshiya koo teen alag-alag kshetron mein vibhajit kiya; sumatra (malay key saath) koo 25veen senaa key tahat rakhaa gayaa thaa, jaava aur madura 16veen senaa key tahat they, jabaki bornio aur purvi indoneshiya koo makassar mein sthit shaahi japani nausena (aaee. aaee. jee. aine.) key dusare dakshin bede dwara niyantrit kiya gayaa thaa. 16veen senaa kaa mukhyalaya jakarta mein thaa aur 25veen senaa aprail 1943 taka singapur mein sthit thee, jaba isaki kamaan kewal sumatra taka seemit curr dee gaee thee aur mukhyalaya bookitingi mein sthanantarit curr diyaa gayaa thaa.
jaava mein, japani 16veen senaa ney jaava koo ack ikai key roop mein prabandhit karane kii yojana banaai thee. haalaanki senaa ney ack alag nikaay sthaapit karane key liye paryaapt prashaasnik visheshagyon koo naheen laaya thaa. jaava mein badee sankhya mein japani nivasi, joe kabja karane vaalon koo salah dey sakate they, yuddh key prakop parr australia leey jaaya gayaa, jabaki jaava sagar kii ladaai mein nagrik prashasakon kaa ack samooh maaraa gayaa. iss tathya seey samasyaaen aur badh gaeen kii bahut cumm indoneshiyai japani bolate they. agast 1942 mein hii prashaasan koo aupchaarik roop seey senaa kii kamaan seey alag curr diyaa gayaa thaa. sainya sarkaar () kaa netritva taba 16vein senaa pramukh () curr rahey they. unake upa ney prashaasan key sabse mahatvapurna khand, samanya mamalon key vibhaag () kaa netritva kiya, joe ack sachivalaya key roop mein kaary kartaa thaa aur neetiyaan jaari kartaa thaa. kabje key dauran jaava key liye teen "gunsecon" theh
sumatra key paas ack "gunsecon" bhee thaa. nausena dwara niyantrit kshetra mein, yojana nagrik japani naukarshahon dwara prashaasit ack sthaayi coloney mein kshetra koo badalane kii thee, lekin phir bhee nausena key adheen thee. isaliye, ijan apane saath prashasakon koo laker aae. mukhya nagrik prashaasak () ney seedhe dakshin-paschim kshetra key bede key commander koo soochana dee. sokan" key tahat makassar, banjaramsin aur ambone mein sthit teen kshetriya prashaasnik vibhaag they.
indoneshiyai aabaadi kaa upchaar.
vyavasaay kaa anubhav kaafee bhinn thaa, joe iss baat parr nirbhar kartaa haye kii koee kahaan rahata thaa aur usaki samajik sthiti kyaa thee. yuddh key prayaas key liye mahatvapurna maane jaane vaale kshetron mein rahane vaale kaee logon ney yaatana, yaun gulami, manmaane dhang seey giraftari aur fansi aur anya yuddh apraadhon kaa anubhav kiya. barma-siyam aur saketi-bayah railway sahit japani sainya pariyojanaon key liye hajaaron logon koo indoneshiya seey jabaran majdooron ("romusha") key roop mein leey jaaya gayaa thaa, aur durvyavahar aur bhukhmari key parinamswarup peedit yaa marr gaye they. jaava seey bharti kiye gaye 200,000 seey aadhe million "romusha" koo japani senaa dwara kaam karane key liye majboor kiya gayaa thaa.
hajaaron indoneshiyai logon koo bhookhon rehna thaa, gulam majdooron key roop mein kaam karna thaa, yaa unhein apane gharon seey majboor honah thaa. isake baad kii rashtriya kranti mein, swatantrata praapt karane seey pahale, dasiyon, yahaan taka kii saikadon, hajaaron, japaniyon, sahayogi balon aur anya indoneshiyai logon key khilaf ladane mein maare jaate. baad mein sanyukt rashtra kii ack report mein kahaa gayaa kii indoneshiya mein japani kabje key dauran akaal aur jabaran shram key parinamswarup logon kii mrityu hoe gaee, jisamen 30,000 europeeya nagrik prashikshu mautein shamil theen. ack dutch sarkari adhyayan mein yeh bataaya gayaa haye kii kaise japani senaa ney indoneshiya mein mahilaaon koo jabaran veshyaon key roop mein bharti kiya, yeh nishkarsh nikala kii japani sainya veshyalayon mein kaam karane vaali 200 seey 300 europeeya mahilaaon mein seey, "lagbhag 65 koo nishchit roop seey veshyavritti key liye majboor kiya gayaa thaa."
anya yuva mahilaaen (aur unake parivaar), joe nazarbandi shiviron yaa yuddhakaaleen samaaj mein vibhinn dabaavon kaa saamana curr rahee theen, kaam key prastaavon parr sahmat huin, jinaki prakriti aksar spasht roop seey naheen bataai gaee thee.
bhoomigat pratirodh.
chhaatr (pemuda) kaa bhoomigat netritva karane vaale sootaan zaharir key baad, ekmatra pramukh vipakshi rajneta vampanthi ameer zarifuddin they, jinhen 1942 kii shuruat mein dutch dwara apane markswadi aur rashtravadi sambandhon key madhyam seey ack bhoomigat pratirodh koo vyavasthit karane key liye 25,000 gilder diye gaye they. japaniyon ney 1943 mein ameer koo giraftar kiya, aur vaha kewal sukarno key hastakshep key baad fansi seey butch gayaa, jisaki indoneshiya mein lokpriyata aur isaliye japaniyon dwara yuddh key prayaas key mahatva koo pahachaana gayaa thaa. ameer key surabaya-adharit samooh key alawa, sakriya samarthak sahayogi gatividhiyaan cheeni, ambonese aur manadonese key beach theen.
sitambar 1943 mein dakshin kalimantan key amuntai mein ack islami raajya sthaapit karane kaa prayaas kiya gayaa thaa, lekin yeh poori tarah seey whiffle hoe gayaa. pontianak kii 1943-1944 ghatnaaon (jise mandor mamle key roop mein bhee jaanaa jaataa haye) mein, japaniyon ney malay abhijaat varg aur arabon, cheeni, jawani, manadoni, dayaak, bugi, batak, minangkabau, dutch, bhaaratiya aur kalimantan mein eurasians kii saamoohik giraftari kii, jisamen sabhi malay sultan shamil they, una parr japani shasson koo ukhaad fenkane kii sajish rachane kaa aarop lagaaya, aur phir unakaa narsamhar kiya. japaniyon ney jhoothaa daavaa kiya kii way sabhi jaatiya samooh aur sangathan jaise kii islami pemuda muhammadiya japaniyon koo ukhaad fenkane aur "paschim bornio key janvaadi ganarajya" (negara rakyat bornio barat) key nirmaan kii sajish mein shamil they. japaniyon ney daavaa kiya kii-sultan, cheeni, indoneshiyai sarkari adhikaari, bhaaratiya aur arab, joe ack-dusare key virodhi they, japaniyon key narsamhar mein ack saath shamil hoe gaye.", pontianak saltanat key sultan koo niyojit vidroh mein" "pramukh netaaon" "mein seey ack key roop mein naamit kiya. 25 abhijaat varg, pontianak key sultan key rishtedaron aur kaee anya pramukh vyaktiyon koo japaniyon dwara sajish mein pratibhagiyon key roop mein naamit kiya gayaa thaa aur phir mandor mein unhein maar diyaa gayaa thaa. pontianak, samba, ketapang, sukdana, simbang, coebo, nagabang, sangagaau, sekadau, tajan, sington aur mempawa key sultaanon koo japaniyon dwara kramshah nishpaadit kiya gayaa thaa, unake naam kramshah sjarif mohammad alkadri, mohammad ibrahim tsafideen, goesty saonen, tengkoi idris, goesty messir, sjarif saleh, goesty abdoel hameed, adey mohammad arif, goesty mohammad kelip, goesty djper, raden abdul bahari daan pardana aur mohamed ahoufi they. unhein "12 dokoh" key roop mein jaanaa jaataa haye. jaava mein, japaniyon ney sultan sarif mohammad alkadri (sjarif mohammad alkadri) key bete sirif abdul hameed alkadri koo jail mein daal diyaa. choonki vaha fansi key dauran jaava mein thaa, isaliye bhavishya mein hamid dwiteeya apane parivaar mein ekmatra purush thaa jise naheen maaraa gayaa thaa, jabaki japaniyon ney pontianak sultan mohammad alkadri key sabhi 28 anya purush rishtedaron kaa sir kalam curr diyaa thaa. baad mein 1944 mein, dayakon ney nakatani naam key ack japani vyakti kii hatyaa curr dee, joe iss ghatana mein shamil thaa aur joe apani krurta key liye jaanaa jaataa thaa. pontianak key sultan mohammad alkadri key chauthe bete, pengren buden (pangeran agung) aur ack anya bete, pengren aadipati (pangeran aadipati), donon koo iss ghatana mein japaniyon ney maar daala thaa. japaniyon ney ack saarvajanik nishpaadan mein pangeran aadipati aur pangeran agung donon kaa sir kalam curr diyaa thaa. pontianak key malay abhijaat varg key japani unmoolan ney isake sthaan parr ack nae dayaak abhijaat varg key udbhav kaa maarg prashast kiya. mairi aff key anusaar. kuchh samay pahale, maee aur juuna 1945 key dauran, saangagaau mein dayakon dwara ack vidroh mein kuchh japani maare gaye they. jaimi aiss key anusaar. davidson, yeh vidroh, jisake dauran kaee dayaak aur japani maare gaye they, aprail seey agast 1945 taka huaa, aur ise "majang desh yuddh" kahaa gayaa. pontianak kii ghatnaaon yaa mamalon koo vidvaanon dwara dou pontianak ghatnaaon mein vibhajit kiya gayaa haye, jinhen saamoohik hatyaon aur giraftari key anusaar vibhinn roop seey vargeekrit kiya gayaa haye, joe alag-alag tithiyon parr kaee charanon mein hui theen. pontianak ghatana ney kalimantan mein cheeni samudaay koo nakaratmak roop seey prabhaavit kiya.
sns ulema (islami maulavi) ney dutch aur japan donon key khilaf ladaai ladee, farwari 1942 mein dutch key khilaf aur navambar 1942 mein japan key khilaf vidroh kiya. vidroh kaa netritva aul-aasah dhaarmik vidwan sangh (poosa) ney kiya thaa, aur yeh tajot pliyeng gaanv key dhaarmik vidyalaya key aspas kendrit thaa. mortar aur machinegan seey lais japani sainikon parr tengku abdul dajlil key netritva mein talwar chalaane vaale esni ney hamla kiya. vidroh mein japaniyon koo 18 logon kii maut kaa saamana karna padaa, jabaki sou seey adhik asainiyon kii maut hoe gaee, aur school aur gaanv kii masjid koo nasht curr diyaa gayaa.
kathputali raajya key nirmaan mein japani prayaas.
yuddh seey pahale key dashakon mein, dutch indoneshiya mein chhote rashtravadi andolan koo dabaane mein bhaari safal rahey they, jisase kii japani aaney vaali indoneshiya kii swatantrata key liye maulik saabit hue. kabje key dauran, japaniyon ney indoneshiyai rashtravadi bhaavanaon koo protsaahit aur samarthan diyaa, nae indoneshiyai sansthanon kaa nirmaan kiya aur sukarno jaise rashtravadi netaaon koo badhaava diyaa. abb indoneshiyai raashtravaad koo pradaan kiya gayaa khulapan, dutch aupaniveshik raajya key adhikansh hisse key japani vinash key saath, dwiteeya vishva yuddh key baad kii indoneshiyai rashtriya kranti key liye maulik thaa.
jaise-jaise japan kaa kshetriya vistaar rokaa gayaa, phir ulat gayaa, japan, vishesh roop seey jaava mein 16veen senaa, jaava key shasson mein indoneshiyai bhagidari key vichaar key liye adhik anukool hoe gaee. ack kendriya salaahkaar board kii sthaapana kii gaee thee, jisaki adhyakshata yuddh poorv swatantrata kii hasti sukarno ney kii thee, jisamen indoneshiyai logon koo salaahkaar key roop mein niyukt kiya gayaa thaa. octuber 1943 mein, japaniyon ney bhavishya key sahayogi aakraman seey bachaav key liye ack swayamsevak bull kii sthaapana kii, matribhoomi key rakshakon (πετα; πετα;) phir 1944 mein japani hiton key liye janata koo jutaane key liye jaava seva sangh ("jaava hokokai") kaa gathan kiya gayaa.
7 sitambar 1944 koo, japani pradhaan mantri kuniyaki koiso ney bhavishya mein 'east indies' key liye swatantrata kaa vaadaa kiya. jaava mein adhikaariyon ney taba "jaava hokokai" imaraton parr indoneshiya key jhande koo faharaane kii anumati dee. batavia mein nausena sampark adhikaari rear-admiral tadashi medaa ney sukarno aur saathi swatantrata karyakarta hatta dwara dweepsamuh key chaaron or yaatraon key liye aadhikarik roop seey apani "jaava hokokai" jimmedariyon key hisse key roop mein aadhikarik dhana pradaan kiya. octuber 1944 mein, maida ney ack swatantra indoneshiya key liye yuva netaaon koo taiyar karane key liye ack swatantra indoneshiya shayankaksh kii sthaapana kii. yuddh kii sthiti key teji seey bhayaavah hotey jaane key saath, march 1945 mein japaniyon ney swatantrata key liye praarambhik kaary (bee. pee. yuu. pee. key.) key liye ack jaanch samiti key gathan kii ghoshana kii, jisamen sukarno aur hatta sahit purani raajneetik peedhi key sadasya shamil they. meey aur juuna mein dou satron mein, rajman vadiodiningrate kii adhyakshata mein, isane ack swatantra rashtra key aadhar parr nirnay liya aur ack samvidhaan kaa masauda taiyar kiya. iss beach, yuva karyakarta, jinhen "pemuda" key roop mein jaanaa jaataa haye, swatantrata kii disha mein purani peedhi kii tulanaa mein adhik spasht kadam uthaana chaahte they, jisake parinamswarup peedhiyon key beach vibhajan huaa.
29 aprail 1945 koo, ell. tii. jeane. jaava mein 16veen senaa key commander kumakichi harada ney 16veen senaa key niyantran mein kshetra key liye swatantrata kii sthaapana key praarambhik charan key roop mein swatantrata key liye praarambhik kaary key liye jaanch samiti kii sthaapana kii.
vyavasaay kaa anta.
general mccarther jaava koo mukt karane key liye mitra deshon key sainikon key saath apana raasta ladanaa chaahte they, lekin sanyukt pramukhon aur rashtrapati roozvelt ney unhein aisaa naa karane kaa adesh diyaa. unhone 1944 mein paschimi nae ginny abhiyaan kaa safaltapurvak sanchaalan kiya jisane dutch nae ginny key adhikansh hisse koo mukt curr diyaa. yuu.aiss. morotai ney nausainik adde kaa nirmaan kiya, joe morotai kii ladaai key baad sitambar 1944 mein khola gayaa, taaki way phillippeans abhiyaan key liye suvidhaon kaa upayog curr sakein. yuddh key dauran kuchh australiyai thikaanon kaa nirmaan kiya gayaa thaa. meey aur julaai 1945 key beach bornio abhiyaan koo mccarther dwara british bornio aur dutch bornio koo mukt karane kaa adesh diyaa gayaa thaa. japani kabja aadhikarik taur parr prashant mein japani aatmasamarpan key saath samaapt hoe gayaa aur dou dinn baad sukarno ney indoneshiya kii swatantrata kii ghoshana kii; indoneshiya kii senaaon ney agale chaar saal dutch seey ladane mein bitaaye. itihaaskaar theodor mitra key anusaar, jaava mein apana raasta ladane seey americi sanyam ney japani, jawani, dutch aur americi logon kii zaan bachaai, lekin indoneshiya kii swatantrata key liye antarrashtriya samarthan mein bhee baadha daali.
yuddh key anta mein, purvi bhaarat mein lagbhag 300,000 japani nagrik aur sainya karmi they. francisi indochina key saath dutch east indies koo americi netritva vaale dakshin paschim prashant kshetra kamaan seey 15 agast 1945 seey yuu. key. key netritva vaale dakshin poorv asia kamaan mein sthanantarit curr diyaa gayaa thaa. isake parinamswarup, yuu. key. kshetron key punah kabja mein agrani rashtra bunn gayaa. britten key kabje kii praathamiktaaen japani senaaon key aatmasamarpan aur pratyaavartan karna aur yuddh key sahayogi kaidiyon aur interni (rapvi) operation kii vasuli bhee thee. sahayogi jahajrani pool mein samudri parivahan key liye unaki cumm prathamikta key kaaran japani yuddh kaidiyon key pratyaavartan mein deree hui. aprail 1946 taka, kewal 48,000 logon koo vaapas bheja gayaa thaa, haalaanki, adhikansh koo maee aur juuna mein nikala gayaa thaa. haalaanki, 1946 kii shuruat taka lagbhag 100,000 japani yuddh kaidiyon koo shram key roop mein upayog key liye banaae rakhaa gayaa thaa. yeh bataaya gayaa thaa kii lagbhag 25,000 japani sainikon ney khud koo indoneshiyai rashtravadiyon key saath gathbandhan kiya aur baad mein way sahayogi niyantran seey baahar they. kuchh ney antatah khud koo sthaaniya samudaayon mein aatmasaat curr liya. inmein seey kaee sanic nee yaa anya indoneshiyai sainya sangathanon mein shamil hoe gaye, aur inmein seey kaee poorv japani sanic indoneshiya kii rashtriya kranti key dauran maare gaye, jaise kii abdul rachman (ichiki tatsuo).
yuddh key antim charan octuber 1945 mein shuru kiye gaye they, jaba japaniyon ney apane aatmasamarpan kii sharton key anusaar, kasbon aur shaharon mein indoneshiya key logon koo diye gaye adhikaar koo phir seey sthaapit karane kii koshish kii. japani sainya pulis ney 3 octuber koo peklongan (madhya jaava) mein republican "pemuda" koo maar daala, aur japani sainikon ney paschimi jaava mein bandung seey republican "pemuda" koo khaded diyaa aur shahar koo angrejon koo saunp diyaa, lekin japaniyon seey judee sabse bheeshan ladaai semrang mein thee. 14 octuber koo, british senaa ney shahar parr kabja karna shuru curr diyaa. peechhe hatane vaali gantantra senaa ney jawabi kaarravaai mein 130 seey 300 japani kaidiyon koo maar daala jinhen way pakad rahey they. paanch sou japani aur 2,000 indoneshiyai maare gaye they aur jaba british senaa aaee tou chhah dinn baad japaniyon ney lagbhag shahar parr kabja curr liya thaa.
6 march 1946 seey 24 disambar 1949 taka, lautane vaale dutch adhikaariyon ney 1,038 sandigdhon key khilaf 448 yuddh apraadhon key mukadame aayojit kiye. unamen seey 969 koo doshi thaharaaya gayaa (93.4%) aur 236 (24.4%) koo maut kii sajaa sunai gaee.

