
aar vee braun

 yeh ack house off lords kaa nirnay haye joe 10 saal kii avadhi mein sahamati seey asamanya roop seey gambhir sadomasocistic yaun krityon mein shamil honey key liye paanch purushon key doshasiddhi kii pushti kartaa haye. unhein gairkaanooni aur durbhavanapurna choton kii ginati aur vaastavik shaaririk nuksan key liye hamale kii ginati (vyakti adhiniyam 1861 key khilaf apraadhon kii dhaara 20 aur 47 key vipareet) key liye doshi thaharaaya gayaa thaa. adalat kaa saamana karane vaalaa pramukh mudda yeh thaa kii kyaa sahamati inn paristhitiyon mein hamale key liye ack vaidh bachaav thee, jiska adalat ney nakaratmak jawab diyaa. isamen shamil krityon mein shareer key ack hisse koo ack board parr nakhun lagaana shamil thaa, lekin aisaa naheen thaa kii sakht chikitsa upchaar kii aavashyakta hoe.
adalat ney varishth adalaton (badhyakari poorvavarti) key beach sadomasokism key liye koee pratyaksh udaaharan naheen paaya, isaliye teen apratyaksh roop seey samaan badhyakari mamalon aur anya key tark koo lagu kiya.
iss mamle koo bolchal kii bhasha mein spanner mamle key roop mein jaanaa jaataa haye, jiska naam operation spanner key naam parr rakhaa gayaa haye, jisaki jaanch key kaaran yeh huaa.
tathya.
paanch appelarthy sadomasocistic yaun krityon mein lagey hue they, joe unhein praapt hue nuksan key liye sahamati dete they; jabaki unaki doshasiddhi mein dusaron key khilaf samaan nuksan bhee shamil thaa, unhone apane parasparik sahamati vaale krityon koo kanuni key roop mein dekhane key liye nyuntam key roop mein maang kii. paanchon mein seey kissy ney bhee una krityon kii shikayat naheen kii jisamen way shamil they, joe ack asambandhit pulis jaanch dwara ujagar kiye gaye they. shaaririk gambhirta vivaadit naheen thee. pratyek appelarthy (kanuni salah honey key kaaran) ney aparaadh key liye doshi thaharaaya jaba pareekshan nyayadhish ney faisala sunaaya kii peedit kii sahamati koee bachaav naheen thee.
appeal parr saarvajanik hita mein anumodit aur pramaanit prashn yeh thaa kii kyaa abhiyojan paksh koo (sabhi samaan mamalon mein) praaptakarta kii or seey sahamati kii kamee saabit karni thee. apeelkartaon ney vyakti adhiniyam 1861 key khilaf apraadhon key tahat doshasiddhi key khilaf tark diyaa kyonki unhone sabhi udaharanon mein una krityon key liye sahamati dee thee jinamen way lagey hue they ("swaichhik roop seey gair-fitt injuria"), kii taitu banaane aur prathaagat-sthal shareer chhed key saath unaki sahamati seedhe teen adharshila (aur anya) vyaapak roop seey-doori vaale udaaharan mamalon dwara nirdhaarit kanuni apvaadon key anuroop hogi.
nirnay.
appeal kaa pramaanit prashn jiss parr house off lords koo vichaar karane key liye kahaa gayaa thaa, vaha thaah
prabhuon ney-nange bahumat seey, paanch mein seey dou asahamati seey-iska jawab nakaratmak mein diyaa, yeh maanate hue kii sahamati inn (aamtaur parr ativyaapi) apraadhon key liye bachaav naheen hoe sakati haye.
bhagwan mandir ney kahaah
unake nirnay ney inn krityon kii jaanch kii kii yeye "apratyaashit roop seey khatarnak aur shareer aur munn key liye apmaanjanak they aur badhati barbarta key saath vikasit kiye gaye they aur una vyaktiyon koo sikhaaya gayaa thaa jinaki sahamati sandigdh yaa bekaar thee.
lord johnsey ney kahaah
lord lori ney kahaah
asahamati.
lord mustill ney aaparaadhikta seey baahar honey key liye sahamati seey, niji, yaun krityon koo prathamikta dee, jisamen aeye. bee. aich. shamil karna shamil haih
merrie raay mein yeh niji yaun sambandhon key aaparaadhik kaanoon key baare mein mamla honah chaahiye, aggar kuchh bhee hoe... [ack taraf chhodate hue] tiraskar aur naitik apatti, donon poori tarah seey swabhavik hain lekin merrie raay mein, inmein seey koee bhee aadhar naheen haye, jiss parr adalat thheek seey ack nayaa aparaadh paida curr sakati haye.
lord slin sahmat hueh
 jaise kii goff ell.jey. ise "collins vee" mein daalen. wilcock "[1984] 1 doubleu.ell.aar. 1172, 1177: "aam taur parr, sahamati battery key liye ack raksha haye."jaisa kii" aam taur parr "shabd seey pataa chalata haye kii apavaad swayam apvaadon key adheen thaa. iss prakaar "aaparaadhik kaanoon key stephen key paachan" mein yeh anuchhed 206 mein kahaa gayaa haye.
"harr kissy koo khud koo shaaririk nuksan pahunchaane key liye sahamati dene kaa adhikaar haye joe ack angheen key barabar naheen haye. futnote key madhyam seey yeh samajhaaya gayaa haye kii "chotein
viklangon kii kamee samanya kaanoon mein aaparaadhik naheen haye jaba taka kii way hamale naa houn, lekin ack hamla sahamati key saath asangat haye. maim vishay naheen hoe sakata thaa
sahamati key kaaran yeh ack aadami koo ladane yaa apana bachaav karane mein cumm saksham banaata haye. (hockins plays off dha crown, 8vaan sanskaran., pustak 1, pee. 107). naa hii koee vyakti
mrityu [paachan key agale lekh] key liye yaa shaaririk nuksan key liye iss tarah seey sahamati denaa kii mrityu key ullanghan key barabar hoe.
shaanti (anuchhed 208).
kaanoon ney mamalon koo maanyata dee haye...jahan sahamati ack raksha hoe sakati haye...shalya chikitsa, khel, bachchon kii sajaa, bheed mein bhidant, lekin sabhi uchit star parr bull prayog kiye jaane, taitu banaane aur kaana koo chhedane key adheen hain; baad vaale mein [ack raksha naheen] mrityu aur angheen shamil hain. inmein seey koee bhee sthiti, jyaadaatar mamalon mein vyaavhaarik roop seey sweekaar naheen kii jaati haye, yaa tou vartamaan mamle key tathyon koo shamil karati haye yaa unake anuroop naheen haye. haalaanki, yeh sujhaav diyaa jaataa haye kii pramaanit prashn kaa uttar teen mamalon mein nirnayon seey pravaahit hotaa haye..."aar. vee. coney "(1882)...puraskar mein dee gaee aur praapt kii gaee chotein-
ladaai janata key liye hanikarak haye..."rakes. vee. donovan "[1934]...juurii key liye ack mudda sweekaar kiya gayaa thaa kii kyaa abhiyojan paksh ney saabit kiya thaa kii ladki ney sahamati naheen dee thee aur kyaa sahamati aprasangik thee..."attorney general kaa sandarbh (naheen. 1980 kaa 6) "[1981] dou yuvaaon ney ladaai ladee...tark...sahamati koee raksha naheen haye "jahan loga hain...kaaran banaane kii koshish karein...yaa binaa kissy kaaran key ack-dusare koo shaaririk nuksan pahunchaate hain."
mujhe aisaa lagata haye kii "sahamati" kii dhaarana usa sthiti mein fitt baithati haye jahaan ladaai hoti haye.
mujhe teen prastaav spasht lagate hain.
haye ". . . hamale aur battery kii avadharana mein nihit haye kii peedit sahamati naheen detaa haye "(glanville williams [1962] gambhir. ell.aar. 74, 75).
doosara, sahamati poorna aur swatantra honey chaahiye aur upayog kiye gaye bull yaa dard key vaastavik star key roop mein honey chaahiye. teesara, aise kshetra hain jahaan kaanoon peedit kii sahamati kii avahelana kartaa haye, yahaan taka kii jahaan vaha sahamati swatantra roop seey aur poori tarah seey dee jaati haye. yeye kshetra vyakti seey sambandhit hoe sakate hain (udaa.jee. ack bachcha); way usa sthaan seey sambandhit hoe sakate hain (ee.jee. saarvajanik roop seey); way kiye gaye nuksan kii prakriti seey sambandhit hoe sakate hain. yeh baad vaalaa haye joe vartamaan mamle mein mudda haye.
yadi ack rekha kheenchi jaani haye, jaisa kii mujhe lagata haye kii ise kaam karane yogya honah chaahiye, tou ise vishesh shulkon key bheetar aur kanuni hiton mein utaar-chadhaav kii anumati naheen dee jaa sakati haye.
nishchit roop seey yeh sweekaar kiya jaanaa chaahiye kii una krityon key liye sahamati dee jaa sakati haye joe [abb] aur ghayal honey key liye kahaa jaataa haye.
meraa nishkarsh yeh haye kii jaisa kii kaanoon khadaa haye, vayask niji roop seey kiye gaye karyon key liye sahamati dey sakate hain jinake parinamswarup gambhir shaaririk nuksan naheen hotaa haye...[yahaan]...abhiyojan paksh dwara yeh saabit kiya jaanaa chaahiye kii jiss vyakti key liye yeh kaary kiya gayaa thaa, usane isake liye sahamati naheen dee thee. tadnusar main maanata huun kii inn apeelon koo sweekaar kiya jaanaa chaahiye aur doshasiddhi koo darkinar curr diyaa jaanaa chaahiye.
aalochana.
21veen sadee kii kanuni patrikaaen aur paathyapustaken bahumat key vishleshan aur overtone kii aalochana kii or rukh karati hain. becker likhate hainh "sadomasokists kaa tark hoe sakata haye kii sadomasokism mein pratibhagiyon kii gatividhiyon kaa telos kewal yaun santushti praapt karane key liye haye. lekin harr baar jaba way yaun santushti key antim uddeshya koo praapt karna chaahte hain, tou unhein ack-dusare koo nuksan pahunchaane kii aavashyakta hoti haye. harr baar jaba praaptakarta sadomasocistic anand praapt karna chaahata haye tou nuksan koo dohraya jaanaa chaahiye. donon avibhajya hain-yaun santushti kewal tabhi praapt kii jaa sakati haye jaba nuksan pahunchaaya jaa rhaa hoe. isake vipareet, alankaran prakriyaon mein kewal ack baar kii chot, jalan aadi shamil hoti haye., jisake parinamswarup deerghakaalik laabh hotaa haye. logon koo baar-baar dusaron koo gambhir shaaririk nuksan pahunchaane seey rokane key baare mein kuchh bhee anuchit naheen haye, kewal isaliye kii way unhein milane vaale alpakaalik yaun romanch koo dohrana chaahte hain. phir bhee, aisaa lagata haye kii yeh tark [abah] parr lagu naheen honah chaahiye. joe loga niyamit roop seey dhumrapan aur atyadhik sharaab peene seey khud koo [abhi] dete hain, unhein aparaadhi naheen maanaa jaataa haye, naa hii way joe unhein nuksan key sadhanon kii aapoorti karate hain. isi tarah, peshevar khilaadi niyamit roop seey apane shareer koo [abah] key adheen karate hain, lekin thheek hoe jaate hain."marian jaails nirnay koo" "ack nirvaachit, gair-pratinidhi samooh kaa pitritva joe usa shakti kaa upayog kartaa haye lekin usey sweekaar karane mein whiffle rahata haye" "kahata haye.
dou saal baad becker ney tark diyaa kii gair-chikitsiya cosmetic sergery key kaee roopon mein nuksan key siddhant kaa ack anuprayog seey pataa chalata haye kii yeye prakriyaaen shaaririk nuksan kaa ack roop hain, naa kii dawa kaa ack roop, aur isaliye inhen aaparaadhik banaaya jaanaa chaahiye. haani siddhant naa kewal aaparaadhikkaran key mamle kaa samarthan kartaa haye, balki praasangik udaaharan bhee karate hain. yeh lekh anaavashyak hanikarak cosmetic sergery koo aaparaadhik banaane key liye samanya naitik auchitya (dusaron koo galat nuksan) parr kendrit haye, lekin kanuni siddhant koo yeh pradarshit karane key liye bhee lagu kiya gayaa haye kii aparaadhikaran key liye ack kanuni auchitya haye. aar" kaa prasiddh angreji mamla. vee. aaparaadhikkaran key liye mukhya kanuni mamle kii ruprekha taiyar karane key liye "braun" parr charcha kii jaayegi. iss lekh kaa uddeshya yuu kaa tulanaatmak adhyayan pradaan karna naheen haye.aiss. aur angreji adhikaari, lekin iska uddeshya aparaadhikaran key liye saiddhaantik tark denaa haye, aur iss prakaar, kanuni aadhar seey kaam kartaa haye kii adhikansh raajyon mein yuu.aiss. adalaton ney "aar" mein mool angreji house off lords key nirnay key samaan sthiti lii haye. vee. braun "."
samajik prabhaav.
faisale kaa virodh (lagaatar donon apeelon mein) kanuni roop seey dou antim nyayadhishon key asahamati parr dhyaan kendrit kartaa haye aur vipareet "aar vee willson" jisake tahat ack pati ney apani patni key anurodh parr dard seey apane aadyaksharon koo usaki nitambon parr brand kiya. visham-samanyata key kaaran purvagrah key darr koo "aar vee amet" mein door kiya gayaa thaa, jisake tahat badhyakari poorvavarti kii nichali adalat, ingland aur wells kii appeal kii adalat ney maanaa kii aise krityon mein vishamalaingik pratibhagiyon parr samaan niyam lagu hotey hain.
aar vee braun" kaa hawala dete hue, low professor fox aur thomson (2005) ney chikitsa peshevaron key darshakon key saamane ladakon key gair-chikitsiya khatna key khilaf bahas kii.

