
tumbling (khel)

tumbling, jise kabhi-kabhi power tumbling key roop mein jaanaa jaataa haye, ack gymnastic anushasana haye jisamen pratibhaagi ack lambe sprung track key neeche acrobatic kaushal kii ack shrinkhala kaa pradarshan karate hain. pratyek shrinkhala, jise paas key roop mein jaanaa jaataa haye, mein aathh tatva hotey hain jinamen khilaadi kewal apane haath aur pair track parr rakhate hue koodata haye, mudataa haye aur palatata haye. tumblers koo unaki dincharya kii kathinaaee aur roop key aadhar parr aanka jaataa haye. khel mein vyaktigat aur team donon pratiyogitaaen hoti hain.
"tumbling" aam taur parr apane dumm parr yaa anya gymnastic karyakramon mein kiye gaye samaan kalabaji kaushal koo bhee sandarbhit curr sakata haye, jaise kii farsh key abhyaas mein yaa santulan beam parr.
tumbling koo anjir, gymnastic key antarrashtriya mahasangh dwara niyantrit kiya jaataa haye, aur ise trampolin gymnastic key bheetar ack karyakram key roop mein shamil kiya jaataa haye. halanki tumbling vartamaan mein ack olympic karyakram naheen haye, antarrashtriya star parr pratispardha karane vaale kuleen tumbler anjir, mahadvipiya sanghon key saath-saath europeeya khelon aur vishva khelon dwara aayojit vibhinn karyakramon mein pratispardha curr sakate hain.
itihas.
jabaki girane kii utpatti agyaat haye, pracheen abhilekhon mein chean, bhaarat, japan, misra aur iran sahit duniya key kaee hisson mein girane key krityon koo dikhaaya gayaa haye. girna pracheen yunan kii shiksha pranali kaa hissa bunn gayaa, jisase praarambhik romanon ney sainya prashikshan mein upayog key liye abhyaas udhaar liya. madhya yug key dauran, minstral ney apane pradarshan mein girna shamil kiya, aur kaee records mein dikhaaya gayaa haye kii manoranjan key liye shaahi darbaaron key liye tumblers ney pradarshan kiya. 1303 mein iss avadhi key anta mein "tumble" kriya koo pahali baar angreji mein iss arth mein pramaanit kiya gayaa haye. punarjagaran key dauran aupchaarik shaaririk shiksha mein naee ruchi paida hui, aur isake turant baad gymnastic koo kuchh shaaririk shiksha karyakramon mein pesh kiya jaane lagaa, jaise kii prussia mein 1776 kii shuruat mein. anjir kaa aadhikarik taur parr 1881 mein gathan kiya gayaa thaa, jise taba europeeya gymnastic mahasangh key roop mein jaanaa jaataa thaa. haalaanki, girna 1999 taka anjir dwara shaasit naheen thaa. iss samay seey pahale, antarrashtriya trampolin mahasangh ney 1964 mein apani sthaapana key baad seey khel koo niyantrit kiya. rashtriya sanghon kaa aur bhee lamba itihas haye, jaise kii sanyukt raajya america key shaukiya athletic sangh jisamen 1886 kii shuruat mein ghatnaaon mein girna shamil thaa.
tumbling koo kewal ack olympic khel, 1932 grishmakaaleen olympic mein ack aadhikarik karyakram key roop mein shamil kiya gayaa haye, aur yeh vishesh roop seey purushon kaa karyakram thaa. yeh iss samay key aspas thaa jaba farsh kaa vyayam, jisamen girane key kaee tatva shamil hain, olympic mein ack vyaktigat karyakram bunn gayaa.
1980 mein iss ayojan kii sthaapana key baad seey tumbling vishva khelon mein ack karyakram rhaa haye, joe pahali baar 1981 key vishva khelon mein dikhaai diyaa.
sanyukt raajya america mein.
sanyukt raajya america key shaukiya athletic sangh ney 1886 seey girna shamil kiya haye aur 1938 mein mahilaaon kii girna jodaa haye.
rashtriya mahavidyalayi athletic sangh ney pahale ack karyakram key roop mein girna shamil kiya thaa, lekin 1962 mein kalaatmak gymnastic parr jore dene key liye ise hataa diyaa gayaa thaa. haal hii mein 2019 mein aine. see. aeye. aeye. ney mahilaaon key liye ubharate khel karyakram mein ack khel key roop mein "kalabaji aur girna" kii sifarish kii, aur yeh atirikt 2020-21 school varsh mein aadhikarik hoe gayaa.
anjir pratiyogitaaen.
upkaran.
girane mein upayog kiye jaane vaale upkaran kaa mukhya tukada girane kaa maarg haye. track chauda aur lamba haye jisaki oonchaai usase adhik naheen haye. gymnasts koo unake paas key dauran sahaayata karane key liye track koo chhidka jaataa haye aur padded kiya jaataa haye. track kii lambai mein teen laainen chalati hain. madhya rekha track key kendra koo chihnit karati haye. baahari dou maarg kii seema koo chihnit karate hain aur alag hotey hain. halanki track kaa hissa inn lines seey parey faila huaa haye, aggar koee gymnast inn lines key baahar track koo chhoota haye tou ack paas koo baadhit maanaa jaataa haye.
tumbling track seey pahale, ack runn-upp kshetra hotaa haye jiss parr gymnast apana paas shuru karane seey pahale gati utpann curr sakate hain. yeh runn-upp kshetra lambai mein maapata haye aur track key samaan oonchaai honey chaahiye.
tumbling track key anta mein ack chataai haye jise landing kshetra kahaa jaataa haye. yeh chataai chaudi aur motee haye. landing kshetra key bheetar ack chhota landing kshetra haye, jise maapane key liye yaa tou bharaa jaataa haye yaa ack vipareet rung key saath rekhaankit kiya jaataa haye. landing kshetra key peechhe suraksha key liye ack atirikt chataai honey chaahiye, cumm seey cumm maapane key liye.
yadi vaanchhit hoe, tou gymnast apana paas shuru karane key liye ack walting board kaa upayog curr sakata haye. ise yaa tou girate hue raaste parr yaa runn-upp parr rakhaa jaa sakata haye.
praarup.
tumbling pratiyogitaon mein dou round hotey hain. inmein seey pahala sabhi pratibhagiyon key liye ack yogyata daur haye, aur doosara sheersh aathh pratibhagiyon yaa teams key liye antim daur haye. yogyata daur mein, pratyek pratibhaagi dou paas kartaa haye. antim daur mein, vyaktigat pratiyogi ack atirikt dou paas karate hain jabaki teemen prati sadasya ack paas karati hain. pratyek paas mein aathh tatva hotey hain. paas kaa pahala tatva runn-upp seey shuru hoe sakata haye lekin usey girane vaale raaste parr utarana hoga. antim tatva key apavaad key saath, joe vipareet disha mein kiya jaa sakata haye, kewal landing kshetra kii disha mein jaane kii anumati haye. ack paas mein cumm seey cumm 3 tatva honey chaahiye aur ise vibhinn karanon seey baadhit maanaa jaa sakata haye, jaise kii gymnast seema seey baahar honah, spotter gymnast koo chhoo rhaa honah yaa paas key dauran girna. sabhi paas ack somersault key saath samaapt honey chaahiye, jiska arth haye kii gymnast koo antim kaushal mein cumm seey cumm ack baar palatana chaahiye.
pratyek daur mein, ack pratibhaagi koo kuchh apvaadon key saath ack hii tatva koo doharaane kii anumati naheen haye. cumm bindu moolya vaali kuchh samanya chaalon koo iss niyam seey baahar rakhaa gayaa haye. tatva somersault, twist yaa gymnast key shareer kii sthiti seey bhee bhinn hoe sakate hain. ack hii tatva koo dohraya jaa sakata haye yadi isase pahale ack alag tatva hotaa haye, aur cumm seey cumm dou somersault aur ack modd key saath ack kaushal koo dohraya jaa sakata haye yadi modd kaushal key ack alag charan mein hotaa haye. udaaharan key liye, ack modd key saath ack double somersault koo dohraya jaa sakata haye yadi modd ack tatva mein pahale somersault key dauran aur dusare mein dusare somersault key dauran hotaa haye.
sanghon koo yogyata daur mein paas mein aavashyaktaaen jodane yaa yahaan taka kii ack vishesh paas kii aavashyakta banaane kii anumati haye. anjir pratiyogitaon mein yogyata paas parr vishesh aavashyaktaaen rakhee jaati hain jaise kii pahala paas aadhe-twist seey adhik twist key liye koee kathinaaee ank naheen detaa haye aur doosara antim tatva key liye kathinaaee ank naheen detaa haye yadi isamen cumm seey cumm ack poorna twist shamil naheen haye aur cumm seey cumm ack poorna twist key saath dou somersault kaushal koo shamil naheen karane key liye ank kaatata haye jisase pahale paas koo somersault parr aur dusare koo twisting parr dhyaan kendrit kiya jaataa haye. natijatan, inn paas koo kramshah salto paas aur twisting paas key roop mein jaanaa jaataa haye.
scoring.
tumbling paas koo dou pramukh ghatakon parr aanka jaataa haih kathinaaee aur nishpaadan. donon kii ganana ack bindu key dasaven bhaag mein kii jaati haye. ank aathh nyayadhishon key panel dwara nirdhaarit kiye jaate hain. dou nyayadhish kathinaaee score key liye jimmedaar hain. nishpaadan ank key liye paanch jimmedaar hain. aur ack panel kii dekhrekh kartaa haye aur vividh yaa vivaadit muddon koo nipataata haye.
gymnast dwara iss paas koo karane seey pahale kathinaaee nyayadhishon koo pratiyogita card diye jaate hain. yeye card paas key ichchit kaushal koo nirdhaarit karate hain, aur yeye nyayadhish ank kaatane key liye jimmedaar hotey hain jaba gymnast ichchit kaushal kaa pradarshan karane mein whiffle rahata haye. pratyek kaushal kaa ack poorv-paribhaashit bindu moolya hotaa haye. round-off aur handspring jaise samanya judane key kaushal mein cumm kathinaaee moolya hotey hain, aur cartwheel kaa koee moolya naheen hotaa haye. somersault koo kathinaaee ank diye jaate hain joe iss baat parr adharit hotey hain kii gymnast kitane flip aur twist kartaa haye aur kaushal key dauran unake shareer kii sthiti.
dou apvaadon key saath sabhi prakaar kii pratiyogitaon mein kathinaaee ank susangat hotey hain. yuva pratiyogitaon mein, kaushal mein adhikatam kathinaaee ank 4.3 hotaa haye. mahilaaon kii pratiyogitaon mein, pratyek atirikt tatva key liye ack 1.0-point bonus hotaa haye, jisamen pahale seey cumm seey cumm 2 key kathinaaee moolya key saath.
nishpaadan pratyek tatva key roop, niyantran, oonchaai aur lay key saath-saath landing key roop aur sthirata key aadhar parr kiya jaataa haye. katauti kii ganana sabhi paanch nyayadhishon dwara swatantra roop seey kii jaati haye aur adhikatam 10 ankon key score seey lii jaati haye. sabse badey aur sabse chhote ankon koo nazarandaj curr diyaa jaataa haye aur shesh ankon koo ack saath jodaa jaataa haye. anjir ghatnaaon mein, madhya teen ank lene kii yeh prakriya prati nyayadhish key bajaay prati tatva kii jaati haye.
gymnast kaa antim ank 3 nishpaadan ank aur kathinaaee ank jodane aur anuchit poshak, anuchit prakriya yaa anuchit paas jaisi cheejon key liye kiye gaye kissy bhee dund koo ghataane seey aataa haye. antim ank teen dashamlav sthaanon parr goal hotey hain.
pratibandhit kaushal.
yuva pratiyogitaon mein, chaar gunaa somersault pratibandhit hain. iss kaushal koo karane key parinamswarup gymnast koo pratiyogita seey ayogya ghoshit curr diyaa jaayega.

