
logo key liye

diarrhoe ell phonographo (dainik phonograph) 19veen shatabdi key anta aur 20veen shatabdi kii shuruat mein sabse pramukh venezuela samachar patron mein seey ack thaa. isaki sthaapana 1879 mein sampaadak aur patrakaar aduardo lopez rivas dwara maracabo, zulia raajya, venezuela mein kii gaee thee.
itihas.
ell phonographo" kaa pahala ank maee 1879 mein prakaashit huaa thaa. samachar patra taba shuru huaa jaba paschimi duniya pratyakshvaad, takniki pragati, aadhunik shaharon key vikas aur thomas edison jaise navacharon key darshan seey prerit thee; jinake samachar patra kaa naam unake aavishkaar key naam parr rakhaa gayaa thaa. phonograph ack nayaa shabd thaa, ack machine key navachar kaa utpaad joe dhwaniyon aur samagr roop seey, maanav aavaaj koo punah prastut kartaa thaa. akhbar koo yeh naam dete hue lopez rivas, rajneeti seey adhik, "ell phonographo" kii samagri koo navachar, pragati aur sabhyata seey jodana chaahte they.
aduardo lopez rivas ney apane grihnagar maracabo jaane aur "ell phonographo" shuru karane seey pahale caracas mein kaee samachar patron kii sthaapana kii thee. una samachar patron kii raajneetik samagri key kaaran unhein prataadit kiya gayaa thaa, kaid kiya gayaa thaa, nirvaasit kiya gayaa thaa aur barbad curr diyaa gayaa thaa. "ell phonographo" taba shuru huaa jaba yeh kendra sarkaar dwara maracabo key bandargah key asthaayi bund honey key kaaran julia raajya mein sanghrshon kii ack avadhi koo samaapt curr chuka thaa. bandargah key phir seey khulane aur sthaaniya arthavyavastha key phir seey sakriya honey key saath, venezuela key usa kshetra mein ack nayaa yug shuru hoe rhaa thaa. ateet key raajneetik sangharsh samaapt hotey dikh rahey they aur lopez rivas ney pragati key ack nae yug seey judey ack aadhunik samachar patra banaane kii koshish kii.
1882 taka yeh samachar patra saptah mein dou baar jaari kiya jaataa thaa, jaba yeh ack dainik prakaashan bunn gayaa. isake baad yeh mudda ack prishth seey badhkar chaar prishth hoe gayaa jisamen samachar, saahitya aur vigyaapan shamil they. yeh maracabo mein sthaaniya karyashalaon mein taba taka mudrit kiya gayaa thaa jaba taka kii 1881 mein lopez rivas ney apana khud kaa prakaashan ghar, imprenta america naheen banaaya. iss prakaashan gharaane mein usa samay kii sabse unnat takneeken theen aur jisase mudran aur graphic kalaa mein uchch gunavatta kaa ack aadhunik samachar patra jaari karna sambhav hoe gayaa.
guzman blanco kaa virodh.
jaba lopez rivas ney maracabo mein "ell phonographo" kii sthaapana kii, tou venezuela key rashtrapati general antonio guzman blanco they. guzman blanco ack nirankush shaasak they, joe swatantrata key liye apane pyaar key kaaran zulia key logon key prati kabhi sadbhavana naheen rakhate they. yuu.aiss. 1878 aur 1919 key beach maracabo mein vanijya doot, eugene plamature, apane sansmaranon mein likhate hain kii guzman blanco ney zulia raajya key logon key prati unaki bahut hii swatantra bhavna key kaaran dushmani mahsoos kii. plammer key anusaar way sabhi venezuel key sabse swatantrata-premi loga they.
julia raajya kii samasyaon koo sarkaar dwara nazarandaj curr diyaa gayaa aur maracabo shahar dayaniya sthiti mein dikhaai diyaa. "ell phonographo" sabse gambhir sthaaniya aur rashtriya samasyaon seey sambandhit abhiyaanon koo shuru karane vaale guzman blanco key liye ack majboot pratidvandi bunn gayaa. isane samajik kalyan key mamalon mein, vishesh roop seey julia raajya aur maracabo seey sambandhit mamalon mein sarkaar kii viphalata kii lagaatar soochana dee. apani swatantra soochana neetiyon key kaaran samachar patra koo sarkaar dwara kaee baar bund curr diyaa gayaa thaa, lekin isaki naitik pratishtha ney "ell phonographo" key liye baar-baar phir seey shuru karna aur 38 varshon kii censorship aur tanashahi seey bachana sambhav banaa diyaa.
plammer usa samay taka venezuela mein abhivyakti kii swatantrata kii anishchit sthiti key baare mein likhate hain, vishesh roop seey "ell phonographo" key mamle menh "rashtrapati kii neeti key baare mein nakaratmak bolane kii himmat karane vaale samachar patron koo sarkaar dwara bund curr diyaa gayaa thaa, jaisa kii ell phonographo key mamle mein thaa. yeh samachar patra venezuela mein sabse achche samachar patron mein seey ack thaa (aur abhee bhee haye), apane shabdon mein mamuli aur parishkrit lekin lock kalyan seey sambandhit mamalon mein dridh aur gambhir thaa. plammer una kaee avsaron mein seey ack key baare mein bhee likhate hain jaba sarkari sainikon ney "ell phonographo" key karyalayon mein pravesh kiya aur sub kuchh jabt curr liya. "ell phonographo kii karyashala kii sabhi machinary koo maracabo mein sarkari karyalaya mein bheja gayaa thaa, ack akhbar koo sampaadit karane key liye joe rashtrapati antonio guzman blanco kaa samarthan kartaa thaa.
lopez rajvansh.
1908 mein lopez rivas key sabse badey bete, aduardo lopez bustamonte, "ell phonographo" key nideshak baney. way aur unake bhaai, enrique aur carlos lopez bustament, saath hii unaki bahan terresa lopez bustament, sabhi apane pitaa key siddhanton key tahat patrakaron key roop mein shikshit they. lekhak alfredo tarre murzi key anusaar unhone "ell phonographo" koo apane niyantran mein leey liya aur lekhakon kaa ack sachcha rajvansh bunn gaye.
aduardo lopez bustamonte ney apane pitaa dwara shuru kii gaee "ell phonographo" kii soochana neeti koo aage badhaaya. unhein usee varsh nideshak niyukt kiya gayaa thaa jaba juan vicent gomez venezuela key rashtrapati baney aur ack majboot censorship lagu kii. lekhak jose rafale pocatera key anusaar, isake swatantra sampadakiya "ell phonographo" key kaaran sarkaar dwara lagaatar dhamki dee gaee thee. apani pustak "memorias dee anvenezolano dee laa decadencia" (girawat mein ack venezuelan kii yaaden) mein unhone gomez shasson koo "pichhale shasson kii tulanaa mein kaheen adhik kroor atyachar" key roop mein sandarbhit kiya haye. pocatera likhate hain," pichhale nirankush shasanon ney samachar patra kaa sammaan kiya thaa, jisaki bhautik pragati isaki vishal naitik jimmedaari kaa parinam thee. 
pratham vishva yuddh.
jaba 1914 mein pratham vishva yuddh shuru huaa, tou gomez ney sangharsh mein german samrajya kaa paksh liya, jabaki sahayogi samudaay key khilaf ack tatasthata banaae rakhee. 1917 mein, aduardo lopez bustamonte ney apane chhote bhaai carlos lopez bustamonte key nirdeshan mein caracas mein "ell phonographo" kaa ack saath sanskaran shuru kiya. ell phonographo" key lekhak aur stambhakaar key anusaar, jose rafale pocatera, rajdhani key sanskaran koo shuru seey hii bahut lokpriyata millie kyonki, usa samay key anya venezuel samachar patron key vipareet, "ell phonographo" sahyogiyon key saath sahaanubhooti rakhta thaa. iss sthiti ney gomez koo naraj curr diyaa, jisane usake baad, akhbar koo samaapt karane kaa faisala kiya. lekhak key shabdon mein, una dinon "gumnam aur apmaanjanak dhamkiyon kii barish hui".
sahyogiyon key paksh mein samachar patra kii neeti key parinamswarup "ell phonographo" key liye aarthik asantulan paida huaa kyonki isake adhikansh vigyaapan, joe german ayaat aur vyaparik farmon seey aae they, vaapas liye jaane lagey. samachar patra parr sarkari dabaav adhik teevra hoe gayaa, lekin aduardo lopez bustamonte ney "ell phonographo" kii sampadakiya pankti koo naheen badala.
23 agast, 1917 koo sarkari sainikon dwara akhbar parr chhaapa maaraa gayaa thaa. jose aar likhate hain kii caracas aur maracabo mein "ell phonographo" kaa mukhyalaya sthaayi roop seey bund hoe gayaa thaa. pocatera, "dou peedhiyon key prayaas...aur mahaan julia samachar patra key 38 saal.

