
dakshin africa mein dharm kii swatantrata

dakshin africa ack dharmnirpeksh raajya haye, jisamen samvidhaan mein dharm kii swatantrata nihit haye.
kaanoon.
samvidhaan.
rangbhed key baad dakshin africa key 1996 key samvidhaan kii prastaavana mein bhagwan kii suraksha aur aashirvaad key liye ack bahubhashi abhivachan key roop mein bhagwan key sandarbh hain. dutch dharamshastri johannes vaine dair wein ney iss paath koo "alankaarik yachika prarthana" key roop mein varnit kiya haye. phir bhee samvidhaan dharm kii swatantrata kaa adhikaar pradaan kartaa haye.
dakshin africa key samvidhaan key adhyaay 2, adhikaaron key vidheyak mein dhaarmik swatantrata seey sambandhit kaee praavdhaan hain. dhaara 9, samaantaa khand, dharm sahit vibhinn aadharon parr anuchit bhedbhaav koo pratibandhit kartaa haye aur anuchit bhedbhaav koo rokane yaa pratibandhit karane key liye rashtriya kaanoon banaane kii aavashyakta hoti haye. dhaara 15 mein kahaa gayaa haye kii harr kissy koo vivek, dharm, vichaar, vishvaas aur raay kii swatantrata kaa adhikaar haye. yeh dhaara raajya aur raajya-sahaayata praapt sansthanon mein dhaarmik anushthaanon kii bhee anumati detee haye, basharte kii way saarvajanik pradhikaran niyamon kaa paalan karate hain, way ack nyaaysangat aadhar parr aayojit kiye jaate hain aur upasthiti nihshulk aur swaichhik hoti haye; aur dhaarmik kanuni pranaliyon aur vivahon kii maanyata pradaan karati haye joe samvidhaan key saath asangat naheen hain. dhaara 31 ack dhaarmik samudaay seey sambandhit vyaktiyon key usa samudaay key anya sadasyon key saath milkar apane dharm kaa paalan karane aur swaichhik dhaarmik sanghon koo banaane, shamil honey aur banaae rakhane key adhikaar kii raksha karati haye.
samvidhaan key vibhinn anya praavdhaan dharm aur dhaarmik swatantrata seey sambandhit hain. dhaara 185 aur 186 saanskritik, dhaarmik aur bhashai samudaayon key adhikaaron key samvardhan aur sanrakshan key liye ack aayog kaa praavdhaan karati haye. isake alawa, maanav garima kaa adhikaar, abhivyakti kii swatantrata kaa adhikaar aur sangathan kii swatantrata kaa adhikaar jaise manvadhikar apratyaksh roop seey dhaarmik swatantrata key sanrakshan seey sambandhit hain. abhivyakti kii swatantrata kaa adhikaar dharm sahit vibhinn aadharon parr ghrina bhaashan taka naheen faila haye.
dhaarmik swatantrata kaa samvaidhaanik adhikaar poorna naheen haye. 21 octuber 2010 koo johannesburg mein "dhaarmik adhikaaron aur swatantrataon key dakshin african charter" key saarvajanik samarthan samaroh mein apane mukhya bhaashan mein upa mukhya nyayadhish dickgang mosenke ney kahaah
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samaantaa adhiniyam.
samvidhaan kii dhaara 9 key anusaar, 2000 kaa samaantaa adhiniyam dharm sahit vibhinn aadharon parr anuchit bhedbhaav koo pratibandhit kartaa haye. samaantaa adhiniyam kaaryasthal mein anuchit bhedbhaav parr lagu naheen hotaa haye, joe rojgar samaantaa adhiniyam dwara cover kiya jaataa haye.
dakshin african manvadhikar aayog.
dakshin african manvadhikar aayog (sahrc) ack adhyaay nau sansthaan haye jiska udghaatan 1995 mein samvaidhaanik loktantra kaa samarthan karane key liye kiya gayaa thaa. aiss. aeye. aar. see. anuchit bhedbhaav key baare mein shikayaton kii jaanch kartaa haye aur samaantaa adalaton mein suney jaane vaale mamalon mein janata key sadasyon kii sahaayata kartaa haye.
see. aar. ell. adhikaar aayog.
saanskritik, dhaarmik aur bhashai samudaayon key adhikaaron key samvardhan aur sanrakshan key liye aayog (see. aar. ell. adhikaar aayog) samvaidhaanik loktantra kaa samarthan karane key liye 2004 mein sthaapit ack adhyaay nau sansthaan haye.
schools mein dharm.
rashtriya kaanoon aur schools mein dharm koo niyantrit karane vaali neetiyaan dharm shiksha, schools mein dhaarmik paalan aur school dress code seey sambandhit hainh
adalat kaa mamla.
agast 2014 mein "organization veer godstein-onderig aine democracy" ("dhaarmik shiksha aur loktantra key liye sangathan") (ogod) ney dakshin gauteng uchch nyayalaya mein ack aavedan daayar kiya taaki kaee saarvajanik schools koo khud koo isai key roop mein varnit karane yaa samvidhaan key ullanghan mein isai lokachar koo badhaava dene seey rokaa jaa sakey. aavedan mein naamit sabhi chhah school africans-madhyam saarvajanik school they aur unake school shaasi nikaay dakshin african schools (fedus) key shaasi nikaayon key sangh key sadasya they. halanki pareekshan mamle kaa parinam sabhi saarvajanik schools parr lagu hotaa haye. naamit schools ney mamle kaa virodh kiya aur isamen fedus, afriforum, swatantrata morcha aur raajneetik dall aur african isai loktaantrik party dwara samarthit they. juuna 2017 mein adalat ney faisala sunaaya kii ack saarvajanik vidyalaya yaa vidyalaya shaasi nikaay key liye, joe ack vividh samaaj mein kaary kartaa haye, ack pramukh dharm key saath sanrekhit ekal vishvaas branding kaa abhyaas karna gairkaanooni haye. schools ney adalat key faisale key khilaf appeal naheen karane kaa faisala kiya.
vidhaayi sudhaar.
nae samvidhaan key parinamswarup dhaarmik swatantrata key adhikaar kaa ullanghan karane vaale bhedbhavpurna kaanoon mein tatkaal sudhaar naheen huaa. matadhikar seey vanchit samoohon dwara pairavi key parinamswarup 1994 seey vibhinn vidhaayi sudhaar hue hain yaa shuru kiye gaye hain.
sivil union adhiniyam, joe 30 navambar 2006 koo prabhaavi huaa, ney samlaingik vivaah koo vaidh banaa diyaa aur samvidhaan key anusaar binaa kissy dhaarmik pratibandh key dhaarmik vivaah adhikaariyon key kanuni padnam kii bhee anumati dee. isase pahale, dhaarmik vivaah adhikaariyon koo kewal kanuni roop seey naamit kiya jaa sakata thaa jaise kii "isai, yahudi yaa mohammad sanskaron yaa kissy bhee bhaaratiya dharm key sanskaron key anusaar vivaah koo sampann karane key uddeshya seey" vivaah adhiniyam key anusaar. sivil union adhiniyam kii dhaara 5 key anusaar, koee bhee dhaarmik sangathan grih mamalon key vibhaag koo ack dhaarmik sangathan key roop mein padnam key liye aavedan curr sakata haye aur jaba iss tarah naamit kiya jaataa haye tou aupchaarik roop seey apane sangathan key bheetar seey upayukt ummidvaaron koo naamit karna chaahiye jinhen grih mamalon key vibhaag dwara usa dhaarmik sangathan key sanskaron key anusaar vivaah koo sampann karane key uddeshya seey dhaarmik vivaah adhikaariyon key roop mein naamit kiya jaanaa chaahiye.
aupaniveshik jaadoo-tona kaanoon parr adharit 1957 kaa jaadoo-tona daman adhiniyam jaadoo-tona key gyaan kaa daavaa karane, jaadoo-toone seey judee vishisht prathaon kaa sanchaalan karane, jisamen aakarshan aur bhavishyavaniyon kaa upayog shamil haye, aur dusaron parr jaadoo-toone kaa abhyaas karane kaa aarop lagaane kaa aparaadh haye. 2007 mein dakshin african kaanoon sudhaar aayog koo dakshin african moortipoojak adhikaar gathbandhan aur paaramparik chikitsak sangathan seey adhiniyam kii samvaidhaaniktaa kii jaanch kaa anurodh karate hue prastutiyaan mileen aur 23 march 2010 koo nyaay aur samvaidhaanik vikas mantri ney jaadoo-toone key kaanoon kii sameeksha key liye dakshin african kaanoon sudhaar aayog pariyojana koo manjuri dee.
chrismus divas aur good friede kii isai chhuttiyan rangbhed key baad dakshin africa key saarvajanik chhuttiyon key calender mein bunny raheen. alpasankhyak samoohon seey anuchit bhedbhaav key baare mein shikayaton kii praapti key baad saarvajanik chhuttiyon kii sameeksha kii aavashyakta kaa aaklan karane key liye see. aar. ell. adhikaar aayog ney juuna aur julaai 2012 mein deshvyaapi paramarshatmak saarvajanik sunavaai aayojit kii. see. aar. ell. adhikaar aayog ney kahaa kii way apani sifaarishen grih vibhaag, shram vibhaag, vibhinn portfolio samitiyon aur adhyaksh key karyalaya koo prastut karenge. see. aar. ell. adhikaar aayog ney 17 aprail 2013 koo apani sifaarishen prakaashit keen, jisamen kuchh gair-isai dhaarmik saarvajanik chhuttiyon key liye kuchh maujooda saarvajanik chhuttiyon koo samaapt karna shamil haye. 18 janwari 2015 koo dakshin african kaanoon sudhaar aayog ney grih mamalon key vibhaag dwara prashaasit kaanoon parr ack charcha dastavej prakaashit kiya jisamen sujhaav diyaa gayaa thaa kii "yaa tou inn chhuttiyon kii sameeksha kii jaae yaa anya dharmon kii chhuttiyon koo samaan mahatva diyaa jaae.

