paramanu chikitsa chikitsak

paramanu chikitsa chikitsak, jinhen paramanu vikiran vigyaani yaa kewal naabhik vigyaani bhee kahaa jaataa haye, way chikitsa visheshagya hain joe nidan aur chikitsa key liye tracer, aamtaur parr radiopharmaceuticals kaa upayog karate hain. paramanu chikitsa prakriyaaen aanvik imaging aur aanvik chikitsa key pramukh naidaanik anuprayog hain. sanyukt raajya america mein, paramanu chikitsa chikitsak americi paramanu chikitsa board aur americi austeopathic board off nuclear medicine dwara pramaanit hain.
itihas.
1896 mein heinry backrell ney radiodharmita kii khoj kii. yeh kewal ack chauthai shatabdi (1925) seey thodaa adhik thaa jaba taka kii jaanvaron mein pahala radiodharmi tracer adhyayan george dee hevesi dwara kiya gayaa thaa, aur agale varsh (1926) manushyon mein pahala naidaanik tracer adhyayan herman blumgart aur otto yens dwara kiya gayaa thaa.
radioisotope key kuchh shuruati anuprayog hematologic durbhavnaon kii chikitsa aur saumya aur ghaatak thyroid roga donon kii chikitsa they. 1950 key dashak mein radioimmunoesse koo soloman burson aur rosleen yalo dwara vikasit kiya gayaa thaa. dow. yalo 1977 mein shareer vigyaan yaa chikitsa mein nobel puraskar key saha-vijeta they (dow. burson pahale hii marr chuka thaa isaliye vaha paatr naheen thaa). radioimmunoesse kaa upayog naidaanik chikitsa mein badey paimaane parr kiya jaataa thaa, lekin haal hii mein ise badey paimaane parr gair-vikiransheel tarikon seey badal diyaa gayaa haye.
1950 mein, gaama aur positron utsarjak radioisotope donon kii maanav imaging kii gaee thee. ack dishaatmak jaanch key saath benedict cassen kaa kaam ack rectilinear scanner key saath pahali imaging key vikas kii or leey jaataa haye. gorden brownell ney pahala positron scanner vikasit kiya. usee dashak (1954) mein society off nuclear medicine (aiss. aine. aim.) koo spoken, washington (us) mein aayojit kiya gayaa thaa, aur (1958) haal krodh ney gaama skintillation camera vikasit kiya, joe ack hii samay mein ack poore kshetra kii chhavi banaa sakata thaa.
chikitsa mein radioisotope kii praarambhik shuruat key liye vyaktiyon koo kaafee prishthabhoomi jaankaari praapt karane kii aavashyakta hoti thee joe unake chikitsa prashikshan key liye videshi thee. aksar ack vishesh anuprayog ney radioisotope koo swaasthya dekhbhal suvidha mein shamil kiya. anya anuprayogon key roop mein chikitsak yaa samooh vikasit huaa jisane radioisotope key saath gyaan aur anubhav vikasit kiya thaa joe aamtaur parr naee seva pradaan kartaa thaa. natijatan, radioisotope seva ney kaee sthaapit visheshtaon mein ghar paae-aamtaur parr imaging mein ruchi key kaaran radiology mein, radioimmunoese mein ruchi key kaaran pathology (naidaanik pathology) mein, aur thyroid roga key liye 131i key praarambhik anuprayog key kaaran endocrinology mein.
paramanu chikitsa vyaapak hoe gaee aur ack naee visheshta vikasit karane kii aavashyakta thee. sanyukt raajya america mein, 1972 mein americi paramanu chikitsa board kaa gathan kiya gayaa thaa. usa samay, visheshta mein chikitsa mein radioisotope key sabhi upayog shamil hain-radioimmunoese, naidaanik imaging aur chikitsa. jaise-jaise radioisotope kaa upayog aur anubhav chikitsa mein adhik vyaapak hoe gayaa, radioimmunoese aam taur parr paramanu chikitsa seey naidaanik vikriti mein sthanantarit hoe gayaa. aaj, paramanu chikitsa naidaanik imaging aur chikitsa parr lagu tracer siddhant key upayog parr adharit haye.
prashikshan.
sanyukt raajya america mein, snaatak chikitsa shiksha key liye maanyata parishad (aeye. see. jee. aim. ee.) aur american austeopathic association beuro off austeopathic specialists (aeye. oh. aeye. bee. oh. aiss.) paramanu chikitsa nivaas karyakramon koo maanyata dete hain, aur american board off nuclear medicine (aeye. bee. aine. aim.) aur american austeopathic board off nuclear medicine (aeye. oh. bee. aine. aim.) paramanu chikitsa chikitsakon koo pramaanit karate hain. medical school puuraa karane key baad, ack snatkottar naidaanik varsh key baad teen saal kaa paramanu chikitsa nivaas hotaa haye. radiology residency puuraa karane vaale chikitsakon key liye ack samanya vaikalpik maarg paramanu chikitsa mein ack saal kaa nivaas haye, jisase americi radiology board dwara upa-visheshagyata pramanan hotaa haye. ack aur nivaas puuraa karane vaale chikitsakon key liye ack cumm samanya maarg paramanu chikitsa mein dou saal kaa nivaas haye.
anya peshevar.
paramanu chikitsa prakriyaaen paramanu chikitsa radiographers dwara kii jaati hain, jinhen antarnihit siddhanton (bhautiki, upkaran) donon mein vyaapak prashikshan kii aavashyakta hoti haye, lekin naidaanik anuprayogon mein bhee. nursing sahaayata, vishesh roop seey aspatal kii vyavastha mein, moolyavaan haye, lekin anya sevaaon key saath saajha kii jaa sakati haye. paramanu chikitsa ack praudyogiki antarnihit visheshta haye joe badee sankhya mein gair-chikitsak peshevaron parr nirbhar karati haye, jisamen chikitsa bhautik vigyaani, swaasthya bhautik vigyaani, radio jeevvigyaani, radio rasaayanvid aur radiopharmacist shamil hain.
nivaas mein prashikshit paramanu chikitsa chikitsakon key paas sabse vyaapak prashikshan aur uchchatam star kaa pramanan hotaa haye, jisamen nidan aur radionuclide chikitsa key sabhi pahalu shamil hain. haalaanki, vartamaan yuu.aiss. niyam anya chikitsakon koo paramanu chikitsa adhyayan kii vyakhya karane aur radionuclide chikitsa karane seey pratibandhit naheen karate hain. radiologist joe visheshta mein prashikshit upa-visheshagyata naheen hain, phir bhee aksar apane abhyaas koo paramanu chikitsa kaa abhyaas karane taka seemit karate hain. kuchh hriday roga visheshagya, vishesh roop seey gair-aakramak hriday roga visheshagya, paramanu chikitsa adhyayan sahit naidaanik hriday vigyaan adhyayanon kii vyakhya karenge. vikiran oncologist vikiran chikitsa key sabhi roopon kaa pradarshan karate hain, jinamen kabhi-kabhi radionuclide chikitsa bhee shamil hoti haye. kuchh endocrinologist hyperthyroidism aur thyroid cancer kaa 131i key saath ilaaj karate hain. paramanu chikitsa sevaayen pradaan karane vaale chikitsakon kaa mishran vibhinn deshon key beach aur ack hii desh key bheetar donon mein bhinn hotaa haye.

