
roundup taiyar

roundup taiyar aanuvanshik roop seey sanshodhit fasal key beejon kii patent line key liye monsento trademark haye joe isake glyphosat-adharit jadee-bootiyon key liye pratirodhi haye.
itihas.
1996 mein, aanuvanshik roop seey sanshodhit "roundup taiyar" soyabean roundup key liye pratirodhi vyaavsaayik roop seey upalabdh hoe gayaa, jisake baad 1998 mein "roundup taiyar" makai upalabdh hoe gayaa. vartamaan "roundup taiyar" fasalon mein soya, makka (makai), canola, cheeni chukandar, kapas aur alfalfa shamil hain, jisamen gehuun abhee bhee vikas key adheen haye. jee. aim. fasalon kii soochi mein "roundup taiyar" fasalon key baare mein atirikt jaankaari upalabdh haye. 2005 taka, yuu kaa 87 pratishat.aiss. soyabean key kheton mein glyphosat pratirodhi kismein lagaai gaee theen.
jabaki roundup taiyar fasalon key upayog ney prati ekad mein lagaae gaye pound mein maapi jaane vaali jadee-bootiyon key upayog mein vriddhi kii haye, isane jadee-bootiyon key upayog kii ruprekha koo attrazine, metribuzin aur alachlor seey door curr diyaa haye, joe bahate paani mein maujood honey kii adhik sambhavana rakhate hain.
khaadya suraksha key liye kendra" key mamle mein ack nishedhagya v. sitambar, 2010 mein yuu. aiss. dee. aeye. ney kisaanon koo sanyukt raajya bhar mein roundup taiyar cheeni chukandar lagaane seey taba taka roque diyaa jaba taka kii ack upchaaraatmak paryavaraniya prabhaav report daayar naheen kii jaa sakati, jisase cheeni kii kamee kaa kuchh darr paida hoe gayaa. yuu. aiss. dee. aeye. ney 2012 mein roundup taiyar cheeni chukandar kaa ack paryavaraniya prabhaav adhyayan puuraa kiya aur nishkarsh nikala kii way surakshit hain, jiss samay unhein viniyamit kiya gayaa thaa.
2016 mein, monsento ney "roundup ready extend" soyabean pesh kiya, jise dicamba aur glyphosat donon koo sahan karane key liye sanshodhit kiya gayaa. 2016 mein 10 laakh ekad mein extend soyabean kaa ropan kiya gayaa thaa aur 2020 taka 5 karod ekad mein isake ropan kaa anuman lagaaya gayaa thaa.
patent.
roundup ready" soyabean key liye us patent kii avadhi 2014 mein samaapt hoe gaee. "roundup ready" canola key liye us patent kii avadhi 26 aprail 2022 koo samaapt hoe gaee. 2022 kii film "persey" "roundup ready" canola patent parr monsento key khilaf kanadai kisan persey schmeiser kii kanuni ladaai parr adharit haye.
aanuvanshik engineering.
kuchh sookshmajeevon mein 5-"anole" pyruvilshikimate-3-phosphat synthes (epsah ee. see. 2.5.1.19,3-phosphoshicimate 1-carboxyviniltrance; 5-"anole" pyruvilshikimate-3-phosphat synthes; fosfo "anole" paayaruvetah 3-phosphoshicimate 5-"oh"-(1-carboxivinil)-transferres) kaa ack sanskaran hotaa haye joe glyphosat key prati pratirodh haye. aanuvanshik roop seey sanshodhit fasalon mein upayog kiye jaane vaale sanskaran koo "agrobacterium" strain see. pee. 4 (see. pee. 4. apps) seey alag kiya gayaa thaa joe glyphosat key liye pratirodhi thaa. see. pee. 4 apps jeane koo pratiroopit kiya gayaa aur soyabean mein daala gayaa. see. pee. 4 apps. jeane koo petunia apps. seey praapt chloroplast pargaman peptide mein jeane key 5 'chhor koo milakar paudhe kii abhivyakti key liye engineer kiya gayaa thaa. iss pargaman peptide kaa upayog isaliye kiya gayaa thaa kyonki yeh pahale anya paudhon key chloroplast mein jeevaanu apsey koo vitarit karane kii kshamata dikhaa chuka thaa. soyabean mein jeane koo sthanantarit karane key liye upayog kiya jaane vaalaa plasmid pee. vee.-jee. aim. jee. tii. oh. 4 thaa. isamen teen jeevaanu jeane, dou see. pee. 4 apps jeane aur ack marker key roop mein "escarichia kolai" seey beeta-glucoronidase (gus) koo encoding karane vaalaa ack jeane thaa. dee. aine. aeye. koo kann-twaran vidhi yaa "jeane gunn" kaa upayog karke soyabean mein inject kiya gayaa thaa. parivartan key liye soyabean kii kheti aeye54oh3 kaa upayog kiya gayaa thaa. gus jeane kii abhivyakti kaa upayog parivartan key praarambhik pramaan key roop mein kiya gayaa thaa. gus abhivyakti kaa pataa ack steining vidhi dwara lagaaya gayaa thaa jisamen gus enzyme ack substrate koo neele avakshep mein parivartit kartaa haye. una paudhon koo joe masoodon kii abhivyakti dikhaate they, unhein taba liya jaataa thaa aur glyphosat key saath chhidka jaataa thaa aur unaki sahishnuta kaa kaee peedhiyon mein pareekshan kiya jaataa thaa.
utpaadaktaa key daave.
vishesh sthitiyon mein kewal aanuvanshik upaj karakon koo prakat karane key liye, rr rekhaaon mein vaastav mein kharaab paidawar hoti haye. 1999 mein, roundup taiyar soyabean fasalon kii sameeksha mein paaya gayaa kii sheersh paaramparik kismon kii tulanaa mein, unaki upaj 6.7% cumm thee. yeh tathaakathit "upaj khinchaav" usee pattern kaa anusaran kartaa haye joe paaramparik prajanan dwara soyabean mein anya lakshnon koo pesh karane parr dekhaa jaataa haye. monsento kaa daavaa haye kii baad mein patent kii gaee kismon kii upaj unaki kharaab pradarshan karane vaali praarambhik kismon kii tulanaa mein adhik haye, joe paaramparik kheti key karib haye, halanki company vaastavik paidawar kaa hawala dene seey bachati haye. monsanto key 2006 key yuu. aiss. dee. aeye. aavedan mein kahaa gayaa haye kii aar. aar. 2 (mone 89788) seey aeye3244 seey 1.6 bee. yuu. cumm upaj milati haye, joe paaramparik kism haye jisamen visheshta daali jaati haye.
kaee aanuvanshik roop seey engineer fasalon mein isake liye ack yaa donon samanya karanon key kaaran samaan upaj parivartan hotey hain. roundup taiyar fasalon mein donon hotey hainh utpaadan mein badalaav key kaaran utpaadan mein baadha aaney key kaaran upaj khinchaav; aur rr lines mein sabse achchi naee upaj aanuvanshiki key prajanan mein deree key kaaran upaj mein antaral.
kyonki iss tarah kaa pareekshan kritrim paristhitiyon mein kiya jaataa haye, yeye parinam kharpatwar key dabaav key saath vaastavik kshetra kii sthitiyon key liye naheen hotey hain. yathaarthvaadi kshetra mein kharpatwar niyantran key laabh adhik mahatvapurna hain.