americi audyogik sangh

american industrial union (aeye. aaee. yuu.) ack alpakaalik americi shram sangathan thaa jise george doubleu. dwara aprail 1895 mein shikago mein shuru kiya gayaa thaa. haward, poorv mein americi railway sangh kaa. yeh sangathan ack audyogik vyaapaar sangh key nirmaan kaa prayaas thaa jisamen kaee shilpon key shramikon koo ack ekal shram sangathan mein shamil kiya gayaa thaa.
lagbhag 500 kii kull sadasyata key saath, iu key kaee sthaaniya logon kii shikago mein sthaapana kii gaee thee. aru key saath senaa mein shamil honey key prayaas asafal saabit hue aur 1895 key anta mein yaa 1896 kii shuruat mein sangh kii ack shaant mrityu hoe gaee.
sangathanaatmak itihas.
sthaapana.
americi audyogik sangh (aeye. aaee. yuu.) key roop mein jaane jaane vaale ack nae audyogik sangh kii sthaapana key baare mein praarambhik baatchit march 1895 mein shuru hui, usa maheene key anta mein samachar reports seey sanket milata haye kii sangathit shram andolan key ack mitra, ilinois key poorv americi senator lyman trumble seey nae sangathan kaa pramukh banaae jaane key prastaav key saath sampark kiya gayaa thaa. trumbull ney iss prastaav koo aswikar curr diyaa, isake mukhya pravartak, americi railway sangh (aeye. aar. yuu.) key poorv upaadhyaksh george doubleu. nae sangathan key saarvajanik chehare key roop mein seva karane key liye.
21 aprail, 1895 koo howard kii pahal key madhyam seey shikago mein aayojit 35 pratinidhiyon kii ack baithak mein iu koo aadhikarik taur parr launch kiya gayaa thaa. howard ney whiffle 1894 pullman hadtaal key baad aru koo nishkriya honey kii ghoshana kii aur nae sangh koo ack badey paimaane parr audyogik sangathan key nirmaan key liye aru key prayaas key taarkik uttaradhikari key roop mein varnit kiya.
haward dwara likhit ack nayaa samvidhaan, see.ee. ward aur james nugent koo sabhaa mein padhaa gayaa-ack prakriya jisamen puuraa ack ghanta lagata thaa aur jisake baare mein koee charcha kii anumati naheen thee. isake baad garamagaram bahas hui, ack samachar patra key khaate seey sanket milata haye kii asantushton ney tark diyaa kii kuchh minaton mein ack samvidhaan key madhyam seey jaldbaji karna betuka thaa jisamen america kii audyogik sanrachana key antarnihit siddhant shamil honey chaahiye they."halanki, ekatra hue logon mein seey adhikansh howard wafadar they, aur samvidhaan koo teji seey seriatim dwara anumodit kiya gayaa thaa, jisamen vibhinn vargon parr teji seey paarit kiye gaye maton key saath.
bahas eugene vee dwara likhe gaye nae sangathan key baare mein ack patra mein badal gaee. kuchh loga binaa padhe patrachar daayar karane kii maang karate hain jabaki anya dastaavez koo padhane parr jore dete hain. jaisa kii nae sangh kii kalpana kii gaee thee, jabaki haward aur debbs koo varsh kii shuruat mein chenry county jail mein ack saath kaid kiya gayaa thaa, nae sangathan key bhavishya key liye aeu-sakaratmak yaa nakaratmak-key baare mein aeu adhyaksh debbs key vichaaron koo mahatvapurna maanaa gayaa thaa.
ack vote key baad, deb kaa patra padhaa gayaa. debbs ney americi railway sangh key prati apani nirantar nishtha kaa daavaa karate hue aur isake bhavishya kii sambhaavanaon koo atyadhik ashawadi shabdon mein bataate hue, aeu mein bhaag lene seey incar curr diyaa.
iu ney americi railway sangh key baad khud koo pratiroopit kiya, lekin poore sanyukt raajya mein rashtriya shram beuro sthaapit karane aur 1 sitambar, 1897 taka 8 ghante key dinn key karyanvayan koo dekhane key lakshya key saath. sangathan key samvidhaan kii prastaavana mein sahyog key siddhant key vistaar, daak bachat bainkon kii sthaapana aur mahilaaon key liye saarvbhaumik matadhikar kaa ahwan kiya gayaa. kissy bhee raajneetik dall kaa samarthan naheen kiya gayaa thaa, sangh key sadasyon koo apani pasand key ummidvaaron aur dalon kaa samarthan jaari rakhane key liye protsaahit kiya gayaa thaa.
iu ney apane launch key samay 5,000 kii sadasyata kaa daavaa kiya, isake adhikansh anuyaayiyon key baare mein kahaa jaataa haye kii way telegraphers key rank seey aatey hain. ack anya samkaaleen press report seey ack adhik uchit anuman koo vistaar seey prastut kiya jaa sakata haye joe sthaaniya sangh sankhya key liye lagbhag 300 kii sadasyata kaa sanket detaa haye. 1, sangathan kaa pahala aur sabse mahatvapurna adhyaay, jisamen antatah shikago mein teen sthaaniya they.
sangathan koo poorna karane key liye ack rashtriya sammelan janwari 1896 key liye nirdhaarit kiya gayaa thaa.
sanrachana.
americi railway sangh dwara 1 dollar kaa vaarshik shulk nirdhaarit karane key baad aprail sammelan key saath, iu koo 1 dollar kii deeksha shulk aur vaarshik bakaaya key madhyam seey vitt poshit kiya jaanaa thaa. sangathan ney ghoshana kii kii vaha hadtaal naheen karega aur naa hii hadataali shramikon key liye ack kosh kaa nirmaan karega, balki sanyukt raajyon mein sthaapit kii jaa rahee vibhinn sahakaari coloniyon key samarthan key liye apane adhishesh dhana kaa upayog karane kaa irada vyakt kiya. dharm, nasl yaa ling kii parwah kiye binaa ekadhikarvadi nigamon key pratinidhiyon key liye sadasyata sabhi key liye khuli thee.
jey.aich. copland, ack vakeel, koo aprail 1895 mein aayojit sammelan dwara george doubleu key saath aeu key adhyaksh key roop mein chunaa gayaa thaa. howard koo mahasachiv key roop mein chunaa gayaa.
iu kaa netritva duss sadasyiya nideshak mandal ney kiya thaa jisamen ack adhyaksh, dou upaadhyaksh, ack sachiv aur ack khajanchi shamil they. nirvaachit logon mein shamil hainh
vikas.
aprail 1895 mein apane shubharambh key baad, americi audyogik sangh pratyek ravivaar koo shikago mein milaa, jisamen lagbhag 40 sadasya niyamit roop seey inn ravivaar satron mein bhaag lete they. inn sabhaon koo jald hii gutbaji dwara chihnit kiya gayaa thaa, halanki, ack maee 1895 key satra key saath pahale prishth kii surkhiyan aaeen jaba mahasachiv howard koo sthaaniya shurveeron key shram karyakarta agast ee dwara chunauti dee gaee thee. sangathan key samvidhaan koo poori tarah seey likhane aur ise aparivartit roop mein paarit karane key liye majboor karane key liye. "aggar koee aapke paltu jaanvaron kii yojanaon seey bilkul sahmat naheen haye, tou aap usey ack baadha dene vaalaa bataate hain", gaans ney kahaa haye, "aap sub kuchh apane tareeke seey chaahte hain."iss tarah key vyaktigat hamalon" parr gusse mein bhadakate hue, ghoshana karate hue, "main ise aapke saath baahar sulajhaaunga."jabaki vaastav mein koee fistuff naheen huaa, yuva sangh key khud koo sthir aur saamanjasyapurna key roop mein pesh karane key prayaas koo teekhepan ney gambhir roop seey cumm curr diyaa.
1895 key maee key madhya taka shikago mein iu key cumm seey cumm teen "sthaaniya sangh" sthaapit kiye gaye they.
pullman hadtaal key saath adalat kii avamaanana key liye apani 3 maheene kii jail kii sajaa key sirf 17 dinon kii seva key baad, 10 juuna, 1895 koo, mahasachiv howard koo soochit kiya gayaa kii unhein aur americi railway sangh key anya doshi netaaon koo sanyukt raajya america kii sarvocch adalat dwara apani doshasiddhi koo palatane seey incar karane key baad apani sharton koo puuraa karane key liye jail lautana hoga. jabaki debbs aur anya aru netaaon koo woodstock jail mein vaapas curr diyaa gayaa thaa, iu howard koo ack anya ilinois county jail mein apani sajaa poori karane kii anumati dee gaee thee, joe ilinois key joliet mein will county jail mein apane antim 73 dinon kii seva curr rhaa thaa. iss samay key dauran isake netaa koo gatividhi seey hataane seey iu kaa vistaar baadhit huaa thaa.
sthaaniya baithakon mein upasthiti jald hii hurry jhandi dikhaai gaee aur jaba ummeed jataai gaee kii aru key lokpriya vaktaa eugene deb poori tarah seey iu koo apanaayenge, tou koee dridh samarthan naheen hoga. 22 agast koo juliet seey poorv aru upaadhyaksh howard aur aru key anya sabhi nideshakon (debbs koo chhodkar) koo woodstock seey ack saath riha karane key saath-saath aru nideshak villium burns dwara donon sangathanon kii senaa mein shamil honey key kissy bhee iraade seey spasht incar kiya gayaa thaa.
burns ney ghoshana kii kii "iss tarah kii sabhi poochtaachhon key liye hamane hamesha jawab diyaa haye kii humm americi audyogik sangh key baare mein kuchh naheen jaanate hain. humm sochate hain kii humm apane swayam key tala parr khade honey key liye paryaapt roop seey ack badaa tub hain."
isake bajaay aru ney rail nigamon dwara apane sadasyon koo kaali soochi mein daalane seey bachane key prayaas mein ack gupt samaaj key aadhar parr punargathan karane kii apani yojana kii ghoshana kii aur railway shramikon key ack audyogik sangh key roop mein aru kaa nirmaan karane key nae sire seey prayaas kiya.
samaapti.
iu ney apane 1896 key rashtriya sammelan mein democratic party parr prabhaav daalane kaa prayaas kiya, julaai mein teen sadasyiya pratinidhimandal koo shikago bheja taaki party key chunavi munch mein teen takhtein daalane kaa prayaas kiya jaa sakey. inmein aise paaramparik ganatantravaadi vishay shamil they jaise kii "saste videshi shram dwara nirmit aayatit vastuon" aur "imandar dhana" key hanikarak prabhaavon koo samaapt karane mein madad karane key liye ack surakshaatmak shulk kii sthaapana...desh key vyaapaar koo karane key liye paryaapt raashi "(soney key liye ack saumyokti), saath hii shram vivaadon koo hull karane key saadhan key roop mein madhyasthata key liye ack plank. vaastavik munch ney inn teen prastaavon mein seey antim koo kewal ack chhoti see seema dee, jisamen loktantravadiyon koo antarrajyiya vanijya mein lagey niyoktaon aur unake karmchaariyon key beach matbhedon key madhyasthata key paksh mein ghoshit kiya gayaa."
aru aur usake lokpriya netaa eugene debbs key saath senaa mein shamil honey yaa sahakaari coloniyon key shubharambh key madhyam seey prachaar utpann karane mein asamarth, iu kii 1896 key uttaraardh mein kissy samay shaant mrityu hoe gaee.
1898 key anta taka americi shram sangh apane poorv sambhaavit pratidvandi kaa binaa kissy sherm key kathor shabdon mein upahaas curr sakata thaa, yeh ghoshana karate hue kii "iss yaa kissy anya desh key shramikon parr abb taka kaa sabse badaa nakali sangh", joe kewal asthaayi adhikaariyon key ack samooh dwara abad thaa-nirvaachit, jinamen seey koee bhee, aff. aaee. ney tark diyaa, "kabhi bhee aajeevika key liye kaam karane key liye naheen jaanaa jaataa thaa" sivaay sachiv howard key, joe "ack apang" thaa."

