maatri samvedansheelta

maatri samvedansheelta ack maan kii apane shishu key vyavhaar sanketon key peechhe key arth koo samajhane aur anuman lagaane kii kshamata haye, aur unhein turant aur uchit roop seey pratikriya dene kii kshamata haye. maatri samvedansheelta jeevan key sabhi charanon mein, bachpan seey laker vayaskata taka, bachche key vikas koo prabhaavit karati haye. samanya taur parr, adhik samvedansheel maataon key bachche utane samvedansheel naheen hotey hain, unaki tulanaa mein adhik swasth, adhik samajik aur sangyanatmak roop seey vikasit hotey hain. isake alawa, maatri samvedansheelta vyakti koo manovaigyaanik roop seey prabhaavit karati haye, yahaan taka kii ack vayask key roop mein bhee. jinn vayaskon ney apane bachpan key dauran uchch maatri samvedansheelta kaa anubhav kiya, way una logon kii tulanaa mein adhik surakshit paae gaye jinhone cumm samvedansheel maataon kaa anubhav kiya. ack baar jaba vayask swayam maataa-pitaa bunn jaataa haye, tou maatri samvedansheelta kii unaki apani samajh unake apane bachchon key vikas koo prabhaavit karegi. kuchh shodh bataate hain kii vayask maataaen kishore maataon kii tulanaa mein adhik maatri samvedansheelta pradarshit karati hain, jinake bachche vayask maataon key bachchon kii tulanaa mein cumm iq aur padhane key star vaale hoe sakate hain.
maatri samvedansheelta kaa aaklan karane key vibhinn tareeke hain, jaise kii praakritik avalokan, ajib sthiti, maatri-samkaaliktaa aur maatri munn-mansikta key upayog key madhyam seey. vaigyaanik duniya mein maatri samvedansheelta koo maapane key kaee tareeke bhee hain, jinamen einsworth kii maatri samvedansheelta paimana (aeye. aim. aiss. aiss.), maatri vyavhaar kyu-sort (aim. bee. kyu. aiss.), aur pedderson aur moran samvedansheelta kyu-sort shamil hain.
varnan.
maatri samvedansheelta koo pahali baar mairi einsworth dwara "ack maan kii apane shishu key sanketon aur sanchaar koo sateek roop seey samajhane aur vyakhya karane aur phir uchit roop seey pratikriya karane kii kshamata" key roop mein paribhaashit kiya gayaa thaa. baad mein 1995 mein carle aur jhaadoo dwara ise sanshodhit kiya gayaa thaa, "ack maan kii shishu sanketon koo lagaatar pahchaanane aur una sanketon parr kaary karane kii kshamata, aur shishu sanketon kii nigrani karane aur sateek vyakhya karane kii kshamata, jaisa kii maan-bachche kii baatchit seey pataa chalata haye joe aakasmik, parasparik aur prabhaavi roop seey sakaratmak hain. ise aam taur parr ack vyaapak avadharana key roop mein paribhaashit kiya jaa sakata haye jisamen vibhinn prakaar kii vyavhaar dekhbhal dene vaali visheshtaon kaa sanyojan kiya jaataa haye.
maatri samvedansheelta parr shodh manovishleshan mein pahale key kaam kaa anusaran kartaa haye aur vishesh roop seey lagaav siddhant mein nihit haye. jaise-jaise mano-vishleshan kaa dhyaan vyaktiyon (vishesh roop seey vayaskon) seey bachchon kii or sthanantarit huaa, maan-shishu key rangon parr shodh adhyayan, vikas parr praarambhik bachpan key prabhaavon parr, aur garbhavastha parr vyaapak hoe gayaa. johnn ballby naamak ack manovaigyaanik ney antatah 1969 mein lagaav siddhant vikasit kiya. mairi einsworth, jinhone apane sahyogiyon key saath ballby key saath kaam kiya, ney 1978 mein maatri samvedansheelta kii avadharana banaai taaki unake anubhavjanya adhyayanon mein dekhi gaee praarambhik maan-shishu baatchit kaa varnan kiya jaa sakey.
maatri samvedansheelta key chaar mahatvapurna pahalu hainh maatri kshamataon seey judee gatishil prakriya, shishu key saath parasparik roop seey denaa aur lena, shishu key vyavhaar parr aakasmikta aur maatri vyavhaar kii gunavatta.
maatri samvedansheelta gatishil, lochdaar hoti haye aur samay key saath badal sakati haye. ack samvedansheel maan koo apane bachche dwara diye gaye sanketon aur sanketon koo samajhane mein saksham honey kii aavashyakta hoti haye, unaki sahee vyakhya karni chaahiye aur uchit roop seey kaary karna chaahiye. bachche key liye teen sabse sakaratmak kaarak hain maan kaa samajik samarthan, maatri-bhroon lagaav aur uchch atmasamman. teen sabse nakaratmak prabhaavit karane vaale kaarak maatri avasaad, maatri tanaav aur maatri chinta hain. haal key adhyayanon seey pataa chalaa haye kii maatri aghaat key baad kaa tanaav vikaar (pee. tii. aiss. dee.) apane bachche key saath tanaavpurna kshanon key dauran ack maan kii samvedansheelta koo nakaratmak roop seey prabhaavit curr sakata haye joe aghaataatmak anusmaarak key roop mein kaam kartaa haye aur yeh kii yeh sambhavatah maatri mastishk mein ack tantrika aadhar haye.
mulyankan.
praakritik avalokan.
maatri samvedansheelta kaa mulyankan aam taur parr maan aur bachche key beach mukt khel baatchit key praakritik avalokan key dauran kiya jaataa haye. avalokan key dauran mulyankan key aspas kaee kaarak hain joe parinamon mein antar paida curr sakate hain, jinamen setting (ghar banaam prayogshala), sandarbh (mukt khel banaam sanrachit kaary), avalokan kii lambai aur avalokan kii aavritti shamil hain. jabaki kuchh avalokan adhyayan maan aur bachche key beach ghanishth baatchit key dauran sambandhon parr sakhti seey dhyaan kendrit karate hain jaise kii bhojan yaa mukt khel, anya adhyayanon mein dekhaa gayaa haye kii maatri aakriti bachche aur anya rosemarra kii gatividhiyon key beach uska dhyaan kitni achchi tarah vibhajit karati haye. baad vaale kaa pradarshan atkinson aitt all dwara kiye gaye ack prayog mein kiya gayaa thaa. jahan maataon koo ack "vichalit karane vaale kaary" key roop mein kaary karane key liye ack prashnavali dee gaee thee, aur "vichalit karane vaale kaary" aur unake bachche key beach prabhaavi roop seey apana dhyaan vibhajit karane kii unaki kshamata parr mulyankan kiya gayaa thaa. avalokan kii lambai key sambandh mein, kuchh adhyayanon key liye ack baar key 10 minut key mulyankan seey adhik kii aavashyakta naheen hoti haye, jabaki anya adhyayanon mein bahut adhik samay kaa upayog kiya jaataa haye.
ajib sthiti.
iss ajib sthiti koo mairi einsworth ney 1970 key dashak mein dekhbhal karane vaalon aur 9 seey 18 maheene key beach key bachchon key beach lagaav sambandhon kaa aaklan karane key liye vikasit kiya thaa. kyonki maatri samvedansheelta lagaav sambandh kaa ack sanketak haye, shodhkarta kabhi-kabhi lagaav kaa nireekshan karane key liye ajib sthiti kaa upayog karate hain taaki way maatri samvedansheelta key star kaa anuman lagaane aur anuman lagaane key liye parinamon kaa upayog curr sakein.
ajib sthiti mein, 21 minut key free-play satra key dauran ack tarfa kaanch kii khidki key madhyam seey bachche kaa vyavhaar aur tanaav dekhaa jaataa haye kyonki dekhbhal karane vaale aur ajnabi kamare mein aatey hain aur baahar nickle jaate hain. ghatnaaon kaa vishisht crum iss prakaar haih
bachchon koo dekhaa jaataa haye aur chaar lagaav pattern mein seey ack mein vargeekrit kiya jaataa haye-surakshit lagaav, chintit-aspasht lagaav, chintit-avyaavhaarik lagaav, yaa avyavasthit lagaav-shishu kii algaav chinta, anveshan karane kii ichcha, ajnabi chinta, aur punarmilan vyavhaar key aadhar parr.
maan-shishu samanvaya aur maatri munn-manovritti.
dou sambandhit gunaatmak avadhaaranaaen joe maatri samvedansheelta key saath sahsambaddh hain, way hain "maan-shishu samkaaliktaa" aur "maatri munn-mansikta".
maan-shishu key beach talmel mein, maan aur shishu kii dusare kii pratikriya key aadhar parr apane vyavhaar koo badalane kii kshamata koo dhyaan mein rakhaa jaataa haye. shishu prabhaav (mukhar aur chehare) aur maatri uttejana (mukhar aur sparsh) maan-shishu samkramita key achche sanketak hain. zental aur anya. yeh paaya gayaa kii shishuon kii lay majboot thee aur 3 maheene kii tulanaa mein 5 maheene mein baatchit behtar thee. adhyayan key anusaar, ack shishu kii sanket bhejane kii kshamata aur samay key saath unhein samajhane kii maan kii kshamata badhati haye. adhyayanon seey pataa chalaa haye kii maan-shishu key beach talmel key parinamswarup shishu key jeevan mein baad mein aatm-niyantran aur anya aatm-viniyaman vyavhaaron kaa vikas hoga.
maatri munn-manovritti kii sambandhit avadharana shishu key munn koo samajhane aur maukhik roop seey vyakt karane kii maan kii kshamata kaa aaklan karati haih vichaar, ichchhaaen, iraade aur yaaden. maatri-munn kuchh vikasatmak parinamon seey sambandhit paaya gayaa haye, jaise kii aasakti suraksha. ack dekhbhal karane vaale kii tippani koo ack "upayukt" munn-sambandhi tippani maanaa jaataa haye yadi tippani koo swatantra coder dwara shishu key vyavhaar seey mell khaata maanaa jaataa haye, yadi tippani shishu kii vartamaan gatividhi koo pichhali gatividhiyon seey jodati haye, aur/yaa yadi tippani ney shishu koo baatchit rukane parr apane iradon key saath aage badhane key liye protsaahit kiya haye. yeh uchch maatri-munn seey sambandhit haye. yadi dekhbhal karane vaalaa bachche key vyavhaar koo galat aantarik sthiti pradaan kartaa haye, yadi vartamaan gatividhi key baare mein tippani pichhale ghatana key saath aparyaapt roop seey judee naheen haye, yadi tippani shishu koo vartamaan gatividhi key saath aage badhane seey rokti haye, aur/yaa yadi tippani aspasht haye, tou ise "upayukt" munn seey sambandhit tippani maanaa jaataa haye aur nimn dimag seey sambandhit haye.
vikas mein maatri samvedansheelta kii bhoomika.
shaishav avastha.
jinn shishuon kii maataaen adhik samvedansheel hoti hain, unake surakshit lagaav sambandh pradarshit karane kii adhik sambhavana hoti haye. kyonki maatri aakriti aam taur parr shishu kii jarooraton key liye sulabh aur uttardaayi hoti haye, shishu maan key vyavhaar kii apekshaon koo banaane mein saksham hotaa haye. ack baar jaba apekshaaen poori hoe jaati hain aur shishu maan kii samvedansheelta mein nirantarta mahsoos kartaa haye, tou shishu maatri aakriti mein suraksha praapt karane mein saksham hotaa haye. way shishu jinaki maataaen apane bachchon key sanketon kaa jawab naheen detee hain yaa dhyaan key liye apane bachchon key chillaane parr anuchit pratikriya naheen detee hain, way asurakshit aur chintit lagaav banaa denge kyonki shishu anumaanit aur surakshit pratikriyaon key liye lagaatar maatri aankadon parr nirbhar naheen reh sakate hain.
shishu koo yeh mahsoos karane key liye kii maatri aakriti sulabh aur uttardaayi haye, ack nishchit matra mein antahkriya honey chaahiye. halanki sabse adhik shodh aamane-saamane kii baatchit parr kiya gayaa haye, adhyayanon mein paaya gayaa haye kii shaaririk baatchit samvedansheelta aur vikas mein bhee mahatvapurna haye. yeh naheen haye kii bachche koo kitni baar rakhaa jaataa haye, yeh lagaav koo darshaata haye, balki yeh haye kii bachche koo kaise rakhaa jaataa haye aur bachche koo kaise rakhaa jaanaa chaahiye yaa naheen, yeh lagaav key vikas mein mayane rakhta haye. ack anya mahatvapurna kaarak shishu key bhojan key sanketon key prati samvedansheelta haye. iss baat parr kuchh vivaad haye kii kyaa joe shishu apani maataon key saath asurakshit lagaav sambandh banaate hain, way aisaa isaliye karate hain kyonki maan vishesh roop seey apane bachche kii jarooraton key prati asamvedansheel hoti haye yaa unake vyaktitva mein antar key kaaran (i.ee. unakaa swabhaav) aur jeevan kii sthitiyon key kaaran.
bachpan.
maataa-pitaa aur bachche kii visheshtaon jaise swaasthya, swabhaav, vikas aur sangyaan key beach ack mahatvapurna antahkriya haye. sabse samvedansheel, susangat maataon vaale bachche way hotey hain joe aam taur parr sabse swasth, khush aur achchi tarah seey anukoolit hotey hain.
bachpan mein swaasthya.
maan-bachche key sambandhon key pahale kuchh maheenon mein bhee maatri samvedansheelta bachpan mein swaasthya key liye ack mahatvapurna kaarak haye, vishesh roop seey motape key saath. rashtriya baal swaasthya aur maanav vikas sansthaan key praarambhik baal dekhbhal aur yuva vikas key adhyayan key aankadon kaa upayog karate hue ack adhyayan ney maan-bachche kii baatchit kaa mulyankan kiya aur unhein dou samoohon mein seey ack mein vargeekrit kiyaah samvedansheel yaa asamvedansheel. unake bachche key vikas (oonchaai aur vajan) kii nigrani unake bachpan key dauran, 24 maheene seey laker grade chhah taka kii gaee, aur boddy maas index kii ganana kii gaee. jaise-jaise bachche badhate gaye, adhik vajan yaa motape kaa pratishat bhee badhata gayaa. 24 maheenon seey kull milakar adhik vajan vaale motape kaa pratishat 15.58% thaa aur grade chhah taka, 34.34% bachchon koo adhik vajan yaa motape key roop mein vargeekrit kiya gayaa thaa. maatri samvedansheel samooh aur maatri asamvedansheel samooh key beach kaa antar adhik dilchasp haye. samvedansheel maataon vaale bachchon ney 14.96% (24 maheene) key adhik vajan vaale motape key pratishat key saath shuruat kii aur 29.54% (grade chhah) key saath shodh samaapt kiya. asamvedansheel maataon key saath vargeekrit bachchon kaa vajan-motapa pratishat 24 maheenon mein 16.16% aur kaksha chhah mein 39.28% thaa. yeh maan kii samvedansheelta aur unake praarambhik varshon key dauran adhik vajan-motape key liye bachche key jokhim key beach ack mahatvapurna sambandh koo darshaata haye. yeh bachchon key liye motape kii roktham karyakramon key liye bahut mahatvapurna haye.
bachpan mein swabhaav.
vartamaan adhyayanon ney maatri samvedansheelta yaa asamvedansheelta, nakaratmak anushasana aur bachpan kii aakraamakta key beach ack sahsambandh dikhaaya haye. 117 maan-bachche key jode key namoone lene vaale ack prayog ney maan kii samvedansheelta aur anushasana key upayog aur bachche key swabhaav key star key beach ack anootha sambandh dikhaaya. (bachche kii jarooraton key prati maan kii samvedansheelta, bachche kii aakraamakta aur swabhaav key star aur donon key beach sambandhon key baare mein) avalokan taba kiye gaye they jaba bachche ausatan 26.71 maheene key they (13.58 seey 41.91 maheenon kii seema). ack saal baad phir seey detta ekatra kiya gayaa. parinam ack saal baad dikhaate hain kii nakaratmak anushasana kaa sambandh bachche kii aakraamakta seey haye, lekin kewal tabhi jaba vaha maan asamvedansheel hoe.
bachpan mein vikas.
jey belsky aur aar dwara ack adhyayan.aim. pasco fearan ney bachpan key vikas aur maan kii samvedansheelta key beach sambandh kaa pareekshan kiya. parikalpanaaen theenh
bachchon kaa pareekshan paanch vikasatmak shreniyon mein kiya gayaah samasya vyavhaar, samajik kshamata, abhivyanjak
bhasha, grahansheel bhasha aur vidyalaya kii taiyari. parinam parikalpana kaa atyadhik samarthan karate hain (i.ee. maatri samvedansheelta aur bachpan kaa vikas sakaratmak roop seey sahsambaddh hain.) yeh ack mahatvapurna mudda haye kyonki yeh darshaata haye kii bachche kaa praarambhik anubhav unake bhavishya key vikas koo kitna prabhaavshaali prabhaavit kartaa haye.
bachpan mein sangyaan.
joe maataaen poorvaskooli seey laker pratham shreni taka apane bachchon key prati uchch samvedansheelta pradarshit karati paaee gaeen, unamen cumm maatri samvedansheelta pradarshit karane vaalon kii tulanaa mein adhik praapt bachche paae gaye. maatri samvedansheel maataon key bachchon ney cumm maatri samvedansheelta key itihas vaale bachchon kii tulanaa mein ganit aur dhwani gyaan mein adhik ank praapt kiye.
maatri samvedansheelta koo shishuon koo dhyaan dene key kaushal sikhaane key liye dikhaaya gayaa haye, joe baad mein jeevan mein bhaavnaatmak niyantran aur anya adhik jatil sangyanatmak prakriyaon key liye aavashyak hain.
ack seey adhik bachche (judvaan yaa teen bachche) vaale parivaaron mein, yeh paaya gayaa haye kii maatri samvedansheelta cumm haye, kyonki maan koo adhik dekhbhal karane kii aavashyakta hoti haye aur ack advitiya bandhan banaane key liye cumm samay lagata haye, jisake parinamswarup shishuon mein sangyanatmak vikas mein kamee aatee haye (yadi bachche koo akele paalaa gayaa thaa). isake alawa, navjat kaal mein, uchch maatri samvedansheelta pradarshit karane vaali mahilaaon key bachche they joe apani bhaavanaon koo niyantrit karane mein saksham they aur jinake paas uchch prateekaatmak aur sangyanatmak kaushal they. teen bachchon key mamle mein, jiss bachche koo sabse cumm maatri samvedansheelta praapt hui, vaha vaha thaa jisane sabse garib parinamon koo sangyanatmak roop seey dikhaaya aur usey sabse adhik chikitsa samasyaaen theen.
bachpan mein samajikaran.
maatri samvedansheelta kaa bachchon key samajikkaran kaushal parr prabhaav dikhaaya gayaa haye. vishesh roop seey, kuchh shodh bataate hain kii adhik samvedansheel dekhbhal karane vaalon key bachchon mein uchch star kaa prayaas hotaa haye (i.ee. bhaavnaatmak aur vyavhaar) niyantran. iss tarah key niyantran koo bachpan key charan seey badhaava dene kaa prastaav haye jaba ack samvedansheel maan kii bachche key sankat key liye twarit aur uchit pratikriya bachche koo apani uttejana koo samaayojit karna sikhaati haye. uttejana key iss twarit viniyaman koo phir bachpan mein anukoolit kiya jaataa haye jisake parinamswarup bhavna aur vyavhaar koo achchi tarah seey niyantrit karane kii kshamata hoti haye.
dekhbhal karane vaale kii samvedansheelta kaa bachchon mein sahaanubhooti key saath sambandh bhee paaya gayaa haye. aam taur parr, asurakshit roop seey judey bachchon kii tulanaa mein surakshit roop seey judey bachche adhik sahanubhutipurna paae gaye hain. iss parinam key liye sujhaae gaye tark yeh haye kii kyonki surakshit roop seey judey bachche dekhbhal karane vaalon seey usa samay adhik sahaanubhooti praapt karate hain jaba way swayam vyathit hotey hain, way aisee sthiti mein sahaanubhooti dikhaane kii adhik sambhavana rakhate hain jaba koee aur vyathit hotaa haye.
vayaskata.
maatri samvedansheelta kii vayaskon kii apani samajh apane bachchon key prati unaki samvedansheelta koo prabhaavit karati haye. jinn vayaskon kii bachpan key dauran asamvedansheel maataaen theen, way bachpan kii vishisht ghatnaaon yaa unake mahatva koo yaad rakhane mein saksham naheen paae gaye. way yaadon key upayog seey apane maataa-pitaa kaa sateek vivaran prastut karane mein saksham naheen they, way anubhavon koo aadarsh banaane key liye paae gaye they aur una sthitiyon koo yaad rakhane kii adhik sambhavana haye jinamen unhein aswikar curr diyaa gayaa thaa. jinn vayaskon ney bachpan aur vayaskata donon key dauran uchch maatri samvedansheelta kaa anubhav kiya, way una logon kii tulanaa mein cumm khariz karane vaale aur adhik surakshit paae gaye jinhone aisaa naheen kiya. joe vayask vyast they, way bhee apane maataa-pitaa koo khush karane kii koshish karate paae gaye kyonki way yuva they, aur unake prati krodh kii bhavna rakhate they. lagbhag aadhe vayask joe dusaron kii tulanaa mein adhik vyast paae gaye they, unhein apane maataa-pitaa key beach jeevan mein pahale talaak kaa anubhav huaa thaa, saath hii maataa-pitaa kii mrityu yaa yaun shoshan jaisi anya nakaratmak jeevan kii ghatnaaon kaa bhee anubhav huaa thaa. inn jeevan kii ghatnaaon key kaaran maan aur bachche key beach lagaav kii suraksha cumm hoe jaati haye kyonki maan kii upalabdhata key saath-saath pratikriyashilta bhee cumm hoe sakati haye, chaahe inn ghatnaaon seey pahale maatri samvedansheelta kaa anubhav kyon naa hoe. purushon mein mahilaaon kii tulanaa mein jeevan mein pahale cumm maatri samvedansheelta kaa anubhav kiya gayaa thaa aur mahilaaon kii tulanaa mein unhein barkhast karane vaale key roop mein vargeekrit kiye jaane kii adhik sambhavana thee.
vayask aur kishore maataon mein maatri samvedansheelta mein antar.
kishore maataon kii tulanaa mein vayask maataon key liye maatri samvedansheelta adhik paaee gaee haye. munn-manovritti kaa star aur gunavatta, joe iss baat koo sandarbhit karati haye kii baatchit key dauran shishu kii mansik gatividhi key baare mein tippani karane key liye maan kitni pravan haye, vayask maataon mein adhik haye, aur adhik maatri samvedansheelta seey sambandhit haye. vayask maataon dwara kii gaee tippaniyan kishore maataon dwara kii gaee tippaniyon kii tulanaa mein adhik sakaratmak paaee gaeen. kishore maataon ney lagbhag koee sakaratmak tippani naheen kii, balki nakaratmak tippaniyon kaa upayog kiya. yeh kishore maan koo apane bachche kii jarooraton key prati adhik asamvedansheel banaata haye, sambhavatah aavashyakta samajh kii kamee key kaaran, aur isaliye unaki maatri samvedansheelta cumm hoti haye aur unake shishuon key prati cumm surakshit lagaav hotaa haye.
kishore maataon mein maatri samvedansheelta kii bhavishyavani prasavpurv roop seey kii jaa sakati haye. joe maataaen bachche key saath apane bhavishya key sambandhon key baare mein jeevant aur sakaratmak roop seey baat karati theen, way una maataon kii tulanaa mein uchch maatri samvedansheelta pradarshit karati theen joe naheen karati theen (jinhen swaayatt maataon key roop mein vargeekrit kiya gayaa thaa). swaayatt maataon mein bhee adhik surakshit lagaav vaale shishu paae gaye. kishore maataaen jinhen swaayatt key roop mein vargeekrit naheen kiya gayaa thaa, way chinta seey judey shishu paae gaye they. isake alawa, kishore maataon key chaar-aathh saal key bachche paae gaye, jinake padhane kaa star vayask maataon kii tulanaa mein cumm thaa aur ausat seey cumm thaa.
haalaanki kishore maataon koo cumm maatri samvedansheelta pradarshit karane key liye paaya gayaa haye, lekin iss baat kaa koee saboot naheen haye kii maatri ayu kaa swayam bachche key vikas parr nakaratmak prabhaav padata haye, kyonki usa umr key anya kaarak jaise shiksha aur vittiya sthiti bachche key prati maan kii asamvedansheelta mein bhee bhoomika nibha sakate hain.
maap.
einsworth kii maatri samvedansheelta paimana (aeye. aim. aiss. aiss.).
mairi einsworth ney apane baltimore anudairdhya adhyayan (1963) mein ack upaay key roop mein upayog karane key liye einsworth key maatri samvedansheelta paimaane (aeye. aim. aiss. aiss.) koo vikasit kiya. paimana kaee ghanton kii avadhi mein insworth dwara poori kii gaee praakritik tippaniyon parr adharit haye aur iss prakaar isaki koee chhoti prakriya ruprekha naheen haye. unaki vidhi kaee mahatvapurna maatri lakshnon mein nau-bindu paimaane (nau bahut uchch aur ack bahut cumm honey key kaaran) kaa upayog karati haye. iss maap koo sateek honey key liye, yeh aavashyak haye kii shodhkarta ney dekhbhal karane vaale key vyavhaar mein achchi tippaniyon aur antardrishti vikasit kii hoe.
maatri vyavhaar q-sort (mbqs).
maatri vyavhaar kyu-sort (mbqs) koo david pedderson, gregg moran aur sandy bento dwara maatri samvedansheelta koo maapane key liye vikasit kiya gayaa thaa. iska upayog ghar adharit aur video-record kiye gaye avlokanon sahit vibhinn prakaar key adhyayanon koo maapane key liye kiya gayaa haye. kyu-kaarak vishleshan kaa upayog karke upaayon koo paribhaashit kiya jaataa haye. kyu-sort key maanak sanskaran mein 90 itum hotey hain joe bachche kii jarooraton key liye pahunch, pratikriya aur sheeghrata key sambandh mein maatri samvedansheelta koo maapate hain aur isamen kaee bhinnataaen hain. samvedansheelta koo maapane key liye, paryavekshakon ney dekhe gaye vyavhaar aur vastu key beach patrachar key aadhar parr vastuon koo duss key nau dheron mein krambaddh kiya. maatri samvedansheelta ank kii ganana varnanatmak prakaar aur mandand prakaar (prototype samvedansheel maan) kii tulanaa karke kii jaati haye. pedderson aur moran ney apane kyu-sort koo jall sanlagnak kyu-sett parr adharit kiya, joe bachchon key vyavhaar kaa mulyankan haye.
pedderson aur moran samvedansheelta q-sort.
pedderson aur moran samvedansheelta kyu-sort koo pedderson dee dwara vikasit kiya gayaa thaa.aar., moran jee., sitco see., campbelle key., aur gaskier key. 1990 mein. einsworth key maatri samvedansheelta taraju key samaan, pedderson aur moran samvedansheelta kyu-sort koo shishu vyavhaar key sambandh mein maatri samvedansheelta mein parivartanon kaa pataa lagaane key liye design kiya gayaa thaa.
sambandhit upaay.
mulyankan aur vargeekaran (vatavaran) paimaane key liye asamanya maatri vyavhaar upkaran elissa bronfman, elizabeth parsons aur carlen lines-rooth dwara vikasit kiya gayaa thaa. ise yeh maapane key liye vikasit kiya gayaa thaa kii maataa-pitaa shishu sanketon key prati virodhabhasi pratikriyaon mein sanlagn hocker yaa shishu sanketon koo poori tarah seey pratikriya dene mein whiffle hocker bachche key sanchaar kii jaanboojhkar yaa bhavatmak disha kaa paalan karane mein whiffle rahey. vatavaran key nimnalikhit paanch ayam hainh

