alfred wegenkneck

alfred wegenkneck (15 agast, 1881-26 agast, 1956) ack americi markswadi karyakarta aur raajneetik karyakarta they. unhein 1919 mein samajwadi party key vampanthi varg key netaa key roop mein americi communist party kii sthaapana mein mahatvapurna bhoomika nibhaane key liye sabse jyada yaad kiya jaataa haye. wagenkneck ney kramshah 1919 aur 1920 mein america kii communist laber party aur united communist party off america key karyakari sachiv key roop mein kaary kiya.
jeevani.
praarambhik varsh.
alfred wegenkneck, jise unake kaee doston dwara "wagg" (uchchaaran "vog") kahaa jaataa haye, kaa janm 15 agast, 1881 koo germany key shaahi shahar gorlitz mein huaa thaa, joe ack jootaa nirmaata ernst wegenkneck key bete they. parivaar 1884 mein sanyukt raajya america mein pravaas curr gayaa, aur iss prakaar german mein janme wegenkneck anivarya roop seey ack americi key roop mein badey hue, paschimi tata parr washington raajya key liye ack yuva vyakti key roop mein prasthaan karane seey pahale cleveland mein rahate they.
wagenkneck parivaar alfred key shuruati varshon seey raajneetik roop seey kattarpanthi thaa, unake pitaa ney navambar 1897 mein america key navodit samajik loktantra dwara sthaapit upanivesheekaran kosh mein nakad daan kiya thaa.
washington raajya mein raajneetik gatividhi.
wegenkneck cumm umr mein hii kattarpanthi rajneeti kii or aakarshit hue they, 1903 mein sthaaniya seatle, socialist party off america kii pike street shakha key nirvaachit aayojak. iss kshamata mein unhone shakha key liye vaktaaon kaa ayojan kiya, sabun key dibbe key vaktaaon key madhyam seey raahgiron key liye samajwadi vichaaron koo laane key liye design kii gaee "sadak baithakon" kaa samanvaya kiya, aur sangeet gaayan aur nritya jaise samajik karyakramon kaa ayojan kiya.
agale varsh wegenconnect ney sthaaniya seatle key liye press agent key roop mein seva kii. vaha party kii kattarpanthi pike street shakha mein ack sakriya sadasya they, joe poore dashak mein madhyam kendriya shakha key saath lambe samay seey chala rahee ladaai mein luggy hui thee.
1905 mein wagenkneck ney party comrade elmer ellison kii bahan hortens ellison seey shaadi kii. wagenconnet chala rahey swatantra bhaashan key yuddhon mein pramukh thaa, joe sthaaniya seatle ney shahar key adhikaariyon key saath saarvajanik roop seey bolane aur shahar kii sadakon aur footpath parr baithaken karane key adhikaar parr kiya thaa.
wagenkneck 1905 mein washington (aiss. pee. doubleu.) kii samajwadi party kii raajya samiti key liye chune gaye they aur 1906 mein ack nae punargathit sthaaniya seatle key sthaaniya sachiv-khajanedar they.
1907 mein, herman aff kii vaapsee key saath. titus key vampanthi prakaashan, "dha socialist", settle key liye, wegenkneck ney sthaaniya ciatal kaa kaam chhod diyaa aur apane prakaashan key liye vyaapaar prabandhak key roop mein titus key liye kaam karane gaye.
wagenkneck samajwadi party key 1908 key rashtriya sammelan mein aiss. pee. doubleu. key ack pratinidhi they, jahan unhone puraane sthaaniya seatle sangathan key ack madhyam gutt key pratinidhi key saath ack kadvi ladaai ladee, jise 1906 key anta mein "raajneetik sanlayan" key liye raajya samiti dwara isake charter seey vanchit curr diyaa gayaa thaa. donon ney 20 minut key liye sammelan key puttle parr apane mamalon kaa tark diyaa, jisamen nikaay ney antatah vampanthi raajya samiti key khilaf hastakshep naheen karane kaa nirnay liya.
1912 mein way aiss. pee. doubleu. key sahayak raajya sachiv chune gaye.
jaisa kii usa samay key kaee rank-aind-file party sadasyon key liye thaa, wagenkneck 1906 mein us congress key liye, 1908 mein seatle niyantrak key liye, aur 1912 mein phir seey congress key liye, jaba party kii pahali pasand, johnn wanhope, alag hoe gaye, samajwadi tikat parr saarvajanik pada key liye ack niyamit ummidwar they.
julaai 1913 mein, wegenkneck washington key samajwadi saptahik "dha commonwealth" key sampaadak baney.
ohiyo mein jaaen.
rashtramandal" kaa sampaadak pada grahan karane key turant baad, wagenknech ney ack rashtriya aayojak key roop mein america kii samajwadi party key rashtriya karyalaya key liye kaam karane key liye aage badhane kaa faisala kiya. 1914 mein, way pahali baar samajwadi party kii shaasi rashtriya karyakari samiti key liye chune gaye. shikago mein apane karyakal key samaapt honey key baad, wegenkneck apane parivaar koo vaapas ohiyo leey gaye, jahan way 1917 mein ohiyo kii samajwadi party key raajya sachiv chune gaye, 1919 taka seva karate rahey. way spaa key 1917 key mahatvapurna aapaatkaaleen rashtriya sammelan key liye ack pratinidhi bhee they, joe sent mein planters hotal mein aayojit kiya gayaa thaa. lui, misauri, jiss parr sent. europe mein yuddh key khilaf lui karyakram apanaaya gayaa thaa.
yuddh mein americi pravesh key baad, wegenkneck key kathor sainya-virodhi ney unhein kaanoon key saath sangharsh mein laa diyaa. raajya sachiv wagenkanecht koo sthaaniya kuyahoga county pramukh see key saath abhiyukt kiya gayaa thaa. ee. ruthenberg aur ohiyo raajya aayojak charles becker ney kathit roop seey masaude mein baadha daalane key liye. inn teenon parr ack saath mukadama chalaaya gayaa aur unhein doshi paaya gayaa aur 21 julaai, 1917 koo raajya kii jail mein 1 saal kii sajaa sunai gaee. iss faisale koo americi sarvocch nyayalaya ney 15 janwari, 1918 koo barkarar rakhaa aur 8 disambar, 1918 koo sajaa poori honey (cumm samay kii chhutti) taka teenon koo riha naheen kiya gayaa.
jail mein rahate hue, wegenkneck koo juuna 14-16,1918 key ohiyo key samajwadi dall key raajya sammelan dwara navambar key chunaav mein ohiyo key raajya sachiv key liye party key ummidwar key roop mein chunaa gayaa thaa.
unaki rihaai parr, "vaag" koo samajwadi party kii rashtriya karyakari samiti key liye chunaa gayaa aur unhone party key prachaar vibhaag koo chalaane vaale rashtriya karyalaya key liye kaam kiya. vaha luis see dwara likhit vampanthi ghoshanapatra key praarambhik aur ugra anuyaayi they. frena aur samajwadi party key vampanthi varg mein sakriya they, sangathit gutt joe "vampanthi key liye samajwadi party koo jeetane kii maang curr rhaa thaa."wagenkneck 1919 mein samajwadi party key rashtriya karyakari sachiv key liye daude aur daud mein agrani vote-praaptakarta they, jise antatah party key bhasha sanghon dwara kathit matdan aniyamitataon key kaaran nivartamaan aine. ee. see. dwara radd curr diyaa gayaa thaa.
nivartamaan aine. ee. see. dwara aadhikarik roop seey vote koo saaranibaddh karane seey incar karane key bavjood wagenkneck aur vampanthi ney khud koo ack samanantar rashtriya karyakari samiti key roop mein sthaapit karane kaa prayaas kiya, aur "nyu aine. ee. see." agast mein shikago mein party tantra parr adhikaar kaa daavaa karane key prayaas mein ack baar milaa, jisamen wagenkneck ney khud koo "karyakari sachiv pro tame" ghoshit kiya."halanki, iss prayaas koo maujooda karyakari sachiv adolph germer aur party key niyamit gutt ney khariz curr diyaa thaa.
communist laber party key sansthaapak.
vampanthi ghoshanapatra key samarthan key liye ohiyo kii samajwadi party key nishkasana key kaaran wagenkneck 1919 key spaa key aapaatkaaleen rashtriya sammelan mein bhaag lene key yogya naheen they, jise niyamit prabhutva vaale nivartamaan aine. ee. see. dwara party key samvidhaan key swachaalit ullanghan key roop mein chitrit kiya gayaa thaa. natijatan, wagenkneck ney chaturai seey shikago mein machinist holl mein spaa key sammelan seey neeche ack kamra kiraaye parr liya aur aadhikarik sammelan key samanantar ack sammelan chalaaya-ack sabhaa jisamen asantusht vampanthi pratinidhiyon kii ack sthir dhaara shamil hui. wagenkneck ney iss vaikalpik sammelan kii adhyakshata kii, jisane 31 agast, 1919 koo khud koo communist laber party kaa sansthaapak sammelan ghoshit kiya. iss sammelan ney wagenkneck koo see. ell. pee. key rashtriya sachiv key roop mein chunaa, ack bhoomika jise unhone sangathan key sankshipt itihas mein banaae rakhaa.
aeye key netritva mein americi nyaay vibhaag key chhaapon seey see. ell. pee. tabah hoe gayaa thaa. michel palmer aur unake vishesh sahayak, jey. edger hoover, samanvit kaary joe 1919 key patan mein shuru hue aur zaan kii shaam key dauran aayojit ack saamoohik abhiyaan key saath apane charam parr pahunch gaye. 1/2, 1919. see. ell. pee. koo bhoomigat curr diyaa gayaa thaa, sthaaniya sangathanon koo 10 seey adhik sadasyon key gupt "samoohon" mein vibhajit curr diyaa gayaa thaa, joe chhadm naamon kaa upayog karke aur adhikaariyon dwara pataa lagaane seey bachane kaa prayaas karate hue door taka mille they. wagenkneck koo "paul holt" key roop mein jaanaa jaataa thaa.bee. meyer, "aeye.bee. martin "aur" yuu.pee. 1920-1923 key "bhoomigat varshon" key dauran duffy.
aprail 1920 mein, wagenkneck key poorv jail saathi karyakari sachiv pratidvandi see bunn gaye. ee. ruthenberg ney kaee saha-vicharakon aur sangathan key nakadi key ack badey hisse key saath america kii communist party (see. pee. aeye.) koo chhod diyaa. iss ruthenberg-see. pee. aeye. aur wegenkneck key samooh ney antatah maee 1920 key anta mein bridman, mishigan mein aayojit ack gupt sammelan mein communist antarrashtriya dwara maang kii gaee sangathanaatmak ekataa koo praapt karane key liye dridh sankalp kiya. iss sabhaa ney wegenkneck koo nae sangathan key karyakari sachiv key roop mein banaae rakhane key liye dridh sankalp kiya, jise united communist party (yuu. see. pee.) kahaa jaataa haye, aur party key aadhikarik samachar patra, "communist" key sampaadak kii mahatvapurna bhoomika ruthenberg koo saunpi. wagenkneck ney yuu. see. pee. kii sampadakiya samiti aur teen sadasyiya ekataa samiti mein bhee kaam kiya, jisane charles derba kii adhyakshata mein shesh see. pee. aeye. sangathan key saath vilay samjhaute parr baatchit jaari rakhee. iss samooh key saath ekataa antatah maee 1921 mein woodstock, newyork key paas pahaadi ghar hotal mein aayojit ack gupt sammelan mein banaai gaee thee. bhramit karane vaali baat yeh haye kii iss nae ekikrit sangathan ney "america kii communist party" naam koo barkarar rakhaa, vahee upnaam jise dirba bahumat aur ruthenberg alpasankhyak sangathanon dwara saajha kiya gayaa thaa.
yuu. see. pee. key vilay kaa matlab karyakari sachiv key roop mein wagenkneck key karyakal kaa anta thaa. juuna 1921 seey, wegenkneck ney ekikrit see. pee. aeye. key "kanuni" saptahik samachar patra ", dha toiler" key prabandhak key roop mein kaary kiya, jisamen wegenkneck key behnoi, elmer ellison ney prakaashan kaa sampadan kiya. 1922 mein, soviyat roose key mitron naamak ack kanuni "zana sangathan" kii sthaapana ekikrit see. pee. aeye. dwara kii gaee thee, aur iska netritva karane key liye party key see. ee. see. dwara wagenkneck naam diyaa gayaa thaa. way 1922 seey 1923 taka (bhoomigat) ekikrit see. pee. aeye. aur party kii "kanuni raajneetik party"-america kii karyakarta party (doubleu. pee. aeye.) kii kendriya karyakari samitiyon mein bhee baithe, jaba bhoomigat party antatah bhang hoe gaee. isake baad, doubleu. pee. aeye. key chhote wilkes barre jile key liye wagenkanecht koo jilaa aayojak banaaya gayaa, iss kaam kii shuruat maee 1923 mein hui.
communist party key padadhikari.
1924 mein, wegenkneck ney doubleu. pee. aeye. key liye "vishesh abhiyaanon key nideshak" key roop mein kaam kiya, dainik karyakarta key liye dhana jutaane key abhiyaan kaa prabandhan kiya. vagainconnet kaali mirch-ruthenberg-lovestone aur paalak-tope-loer guton donon key liye mushkil prateet hotaa haye aur 1924 key anta mein laal antarrashtriya shram sanghon (rilu) kii or seey trade yuniyanon koo sangathit karane key liye phillippeans koo bhej diyaa gayaa thaa.
baad mein, wagenkneck ney film kii or apana haath badhaaya, mook film "dha passack textile strike" kaa nirmaan aur saha-abhinay kiya, joe 1926 mein passack, nyu jersey mein 16,000 kapada shramikon kii hadtaal kaa ack ardh-kaalpanik vivaran haye, jiska netritva shuru mein wagenkneck aur anya americi markswadi aur communist netaaon ney kiya thaa.
villium jaid key netritva vaale alpasankhyak gutt dwara 1920 key dashak key antim varshon mein "dainik karyakarta" key vyavasaay prabandhak kii bhoomika key liye "pada key liye sabse saksham comrade" key roop mein wagenconnet koo jaanaa jaataa thaa. paalak aur alekjendar bittelman. halanki, teen anya logon key teji seey uttaradhikar dwara unhein jimmedaar pada key liye darkinar curr diyaa gayaa thaa, jinhen karyakari sachiv jey lovestone key netritva vaale bahumat gutt key prati unaki wafadari key aadhar parr pada key liye chunaa gayaa thaa. lovestone ney apane gutt virodhi wagenkneck koo vishesh aalochana key liye alag curr diyaa, joe unhone seepusa key pramukh key roop mein prakaashit antim parche mein, "party key itihas key prishth", ack dashak pahale "samajwadi party koo vibhajit karane key maulik siddhant" parr wagenkneck kii "hichkichaahat" aur "vichalit" koo yaad karate hue prakaashit kiya thaa.
wagenkneck 1929 mein comintern sahaayata sangathan key americi khand key karyakari sachiv they-ack naukari joe unhein juuna mein gastonia, uttari carolina leey gaee, joe ugra laure mill hadtaal key drishya taka leey gaee. wagenkneck mill hadtaal karane vaalon kii ack tambu coloney koo phir seey sthaapit karane kaa prayaas curr rhaa thaa jise sthaaniya adhikaariyon dwara vitarit kiya gayaa thaa. isake bajaay, 12 juuna koo, wagenkneck koo khud giraftar curr liya gayaa thaa.
1930 mein wegenkneck apani patni hortens seey alag hoe gaye aur antatah janwari 1948 mein unakaa talaak hoe gayaa.
1929 mein mahamandi key aaney aur baad key varshon mein isake gahare honey key saath, see. pee. yuu. aiss. ney berojgar shramikon koo sangathit karane aur jutaane key prayaas parr bahut jore denaa shuru curr diyaa. navambar 1930 mein, wagenkneck koo berojgari beema key liye rashtriya abhiyaan samiti key prabhaari key roop mein rakhaa gayaa thaa, joe berojgari beema key mudde key aspas sangathan karane key uddeshya seey party kaa ack ekal-uddeshya vaalaa zana sangathan thaa. samooh ney ack badey paimaane parr yachika abhiyaan kaa sanchaalan kiya, jisamen teji seey 14 laakh hastakshar honey kaa daavaa kiya gayaa thaa, jise wegenkneck aur 140 key ack pratinidhimandal ney 10 farwari, 1931 koo congress key saamane prastut kiya. yachika key kaaran pratinidhi sabhaa ney agale dinn communists key mamalon aur unake mudde koo sadan mein uthaaya, jisamen roodhivaadiyon ney america seey videshi kattarpanthiyon koo nirvaasit karane key prayason key liye bahas kii, jabaki pratinidhi jaise pragatisheel. newyork key fiorello lagardia ney krantikari bhaavanaon parr ankush lagaane key saadhan key roop mein berojgari beema kaanoon key paksh mein tark diyaa.
1933 mein, wegenkneck ney german faasivaad key peediton kii sahaayata key liye rashtriya samiti key karyakari sachiv key roop mein kaary kiya, joe ack cp-praayojit "zana sangathan" thaa."usa varsh key anta mein vaha 14vein jile mein newyork raajya vidhansabha key liye daude.
wegenkneck 1938 seey 1941 taka misauri mein aur 1941 seey 1945 taka ilinois mein communist party key raajya adhyaksh they.
mrityu aur viraasat.
wagenkneck apane baaki dinon key liye ack communist party key wafadar baney rahey, 26 agast, 1956 koo ilinois mein unaki mrityu hoe gaee aur communist party america key saiddhaantik masik "raajneetik mamalon" key saamane key aavaran key ander ack poorna-prishth tasveer key saath unake nidhan parr sammaanit kiya gayaa.

