maria alzira lemos

maria aljira lemos, jinhen maria aljira costa dee castro cardoso lemos (1919-2005) key naam seey bhee jaanaa jaataa haye, ack purtagaali sansadiya upa, samajwadi, nariwadi aur mahila adhikaar karyakarta theen, jinhone mahilaaon key adhikaaron key liye purtagaali munch key nirmaan mein sahaayata kii.
praarambhik jeevan aur parivaar.
maria aljira costa dee castro cardoso lemos kaa janm 1919 mein purtagaali rajdhani lisban mein huaa thaa. usake pitaa, fernando dee castro, porto seey aae they. unaki maan, maria emilia, coimbra seey theen, aur ack vakeel, professor aur rajneta afonso costa kii betty theen, jinhone purtagaal koo ack ganarajya banane key liye abhiyaan chalaaya thaa aur rajshahi key dauran pahale ganarajya key pratinidhiyon mein seey ack they aur baad mein, kaee avsaron parr ack sarkari mantri they. 1919 mein unake janm key samay, unake daadaa varsaay shaanti sammelan mein purtagaali pratinidhimandal kaa netritva curr rahey they. 1926 seey purtagaal koo shaasit karane vaali sattawadi estado novo tanashahi key baad, costa satta mein aaya, jise purtagaal mein pravesh karane seey pratibandhit curr diyaa gayaa aur peris mein nirvaasan mein reh rhaa thaa. lemos ney likhaa kii unhone apana saaraa bachpan aur kishoravastha ummeed mein aur ack aisee kranti kii ummeed mein bitaai thee joe naa kewal purtagaal mein swatantrata kii vaapsee kii anumati degi balki unake parivaar koo bhee ack saath rahane kii anumati degi. unake daadaa, alicio dee castro bhee ack ganarajyavadi they, jinhone estado novo koo ukhaad fenkane kii koshish karane vaalon key saath sakriya bhoomika nibhai.
lemos ney ghar parr french bolna seekha aur purtagaali seey pahale french padh aur likh rhaa thaa. isake baad unhone lisban mein german school mein padhaai kii, lekin jaba hitler satta mein aaya tou unhein vaapas leey liya gayaa aur school mein naazi prachaar shuru kiya gayaa. phir vaha ghar parr adhyayan karane seey pahale "collegio valsasina" mein gaee. lisban mein ack baink mein kaam karane aur peris mein bachchon key akhbar mein intern key roop mein kaam karane key baad, unhone low school mein pravesh kiya. low school mein, jahaan mahila chhatron kii sankhya chhah seey ack seey adhik thee, yeh ehsas huaa kii mahilaaon kii sthiti aur shiksha purushon kii tulanaa mein cumm thee, naa kewal kaam parr balki parivaar mein bhee, jahaan ghar key mukhiya ney sabhi nirnay liye aur apani patni key kaam karane seey pahale unhein manjuri deni thee, jaba unhone nariwadi vichaaron koo vikasit karna shuru kiya.
samajwadi party.
snaatak honey key baad lemos ney apane pitaa key kaanoon karyalaya mein kaam kiya. carnation kranti key baad, jisane 1974 mein "estado novo" koo ukhaad fenka, vaha samajwadi party mein shamil hoe gaeen. samajwadi antarrashtriya key mahila varg key ack pratinidhimandal key sadasyon ney samajwadi party key sadasyon seey mahilaaon key adhikaaron kii samaantaa kii raksha key liye kaam karane kaa aagrah kiya. madalena barbosa key saath, lemos ack chhote seey samooh kaa hissa thaa jisane party kii pahali congress mein prastut neetigat karyakram mein "mahilaaon aur parivaar" parr khand taiyar karane key liye sahyog kiya, jisamen talaak kaa adhikaar, mahilaaon aur purushon key liye adhikaaron kii samaantaa aur vivaah key baahar paida hue bachchon key liye samaan adhikaar sabhi prastaavit kiye gaye they. 1974 aur 1975 mein bhee, kaee mahila sangathanon ney mahilaaon key khilaf kanuni bhedbhaav kii sameeksha karane key liye sahyog kiya, jisamen lemos samajwadi party kaa pratinidhitva curr rahey they.
pratinidhi sabhaa key liye chunaav.
1975 mein sanyukt rashtra antarrashtriya mahila varsh manaaya gayaa thaa. mahilaaon parr pahala vishva sammelan juuna 1975 mein mexico shahar mein "samaantaa, vikas aur shaanti" key vishay parr aayojit kiya gayaa thaa. lemos ney iss teen saptah key sammelan mein bhaag liya, jisamen purtagaal kaa pratinidhitva karate hue, paanch anya logon key saath, aur 1980 mein coppenhagen mein dusare sammelan mein bhee bhaag liya. 1975 mein vaha samvaidhaanik vidhansabha key liye chuni gaeen aur 1976 key chunaavon mein navanirmit pratinidhi sabhaa key liye chuni gaeen, jaba mario sores key netritva mein samajwadi party vijayi hui thee. iss samay, kewal 5 pratishat pratinidhi mahilaaen theen. chunaav key baad sarkaar ney mahilaaon kii shart parr ack aayog (see. see. aff.) kaa gathan kiya, jisamen aine. jee. oh. aur sarkari vibhagon seey bunny ack salaahkaar parishad thee. 1979 key chunaavon mein apani seat khone key baad, lemos aayog kii salaahkaar parishad kii sadasya bunn gaeen, joe samajwadi party key mahila sangathan kaa pratinidhitva karati theen, jise paane mein unhone madad kii thee. 1980 mein vaha regina tawares daa silva kii adhyakshata mein aayog kii sadasya baneen aur 72 varsh kii ayu taka iss parr raheen. vaha mahilaaon koo kanuni sahaayata bhee pradaan curr rahee theen, jisase unhein pahali baar sabhi samajik vargon mein gharelu hinsa key star taka pahuncha diyaa gayaa.
baad key varshon mein.
ack vakeel key roop mein, lemos purtagaali baar association mein ack prastuti dene key liye aamantrit kii jaane vaali pahali mahila theen. jaba vaha sevaanivritt huin tou vaha mahila swaasthya aayog kii salaahkaar parishad kaa hissa bunn gaeen, joe baad mein samaantaa aur mahila adhikaaron key liye aayog bunn gayaa, joe "associacao intervenko femina" kaa pratinidhitva kartaa thaa, jisake vaha 1985 mein sansthaapak sadasya rahee theen. vaha 1995 mein samaantaa loktantra key liye gathbandhan kii sansthaapak sadasya theen, jisane antatah 2006 mein, ack kotaa pranali koo lagu karane key liye portugal kaa netritva kiya, jisake tahat vidhansabha key cumm seey cumm 33 pratishat sadasyon koo mahila honah chaahiye. vaha "associacao portugesa dee astudos sobre aiz mulleres" (mahilaaon key adhyayan key liye purtagaali sangh-appem) mein bhee shamil hoe gaeen. apane jeevan key antim dou varshon mein, unhone "plataforma portugesa paira oss diritos daas mulheres" (mahilaaon key adhikaaron key liye purtagaali munch) kii sthaapana kaa samarthan kiya, jiska mukhyalaya "centro maria aljira lemos" naam seey jaanaa jaataa haye.
octuber 2005 mein lemos kii mrityu hoe gaee. unake dou bachche they. vaha apani mrityu seey teen dinn pahale taka baithakon mein bhaag leey rahee thee. purtagaali sansad ney 13 octuber 2005 koo sarvasammati seey unaki mrityu parr shoke vyakt karane key liye ack vote koo manjuri dee. unhein maee 1997 mein yogyata key crum kii commander banaaya gayaa thaa.

