
johannes virics

johannes virics (1549-) ack flamish utkeernak, draftsman aur prakaashak they. way ack bahut hii kushal utkeernak they jinhone apane swayam key designs key saath-saath sthaaniya aur videshi kalakaron dwara design kiye gaye print banaae. unhone aage chaandi aur hathidant parr nakkashi kii.
utkirnakon key virics parivaar key anya sadasyon key saath unhone videshon mein neetherland kii kalaa key liye prashansa failaane key saath-saath dakshini neetherland mein catholic uddeshya kaa samarthan karane vaali kalaa banaane mein mahatvapurna bhoomika nibhai. johannes virics koo unake laghu kalam chitron key liye bhee jaanaa jaataa haye.
jeevan.
unakaa janm entwerp mein anton virics aaee (see. 1520/25-c. 1572). unake pitaa anton koo 1545-6 mein ack chitrakaar key roop mein panjikrit kiya gayaa thaa, lekin kabhi-kabhi unhein cabinet nirmaata key roop mein bhee jaanaa jaataa haye. aisaa naheen maanaa jaataa haye kii anton pratham ney johann yaa unake anya dou beton koo padaanukramit aur anton dwiteeya sikhaaya thaa. maanaa jaataa haye kii johannes aur hyronmous ney ack sunar key saath prashikshit kiya thaa, jabaki anton dwiteeya ney sambhavatah ack badey bhaai, shayed johannes key saath prashikshit kiya thaa. 1585 mein entwerp key patan key samay luthers key roop mein soochibaddh, parivaar key sadasya isake turant baad catholic dharm mein phir seey parivartit hoe gaye.
apane shuruati currier mein johannes ack utkeernak key roop mein entwerp mein sakriya they, shuru mein durer aur anya kalakaron dwara kiye gaye karyon key baad ack prajanan kalakar key roop mein kaam curr rahey they. vaha 1569 mein pramukh prakaashak christophe plantin dwara niyojit hoe gayaa. teen virics bhaaiyon ney apane avyavasthit aacharan key liye pratishtha praapt kii, jaisa kii 1587 mein jesuit paadari ferdinand zimens koo ack patra seey pataa chalata haye, jisamen unhone shikayat kii thee kii joe koee bhee virics bhaaiyon koo niyukt karna chaahata thaa, usey unhein saraay mein dekhana thaa, unake rinn aur jurmaane kaa bhugtan karna thaa aur unake upkaranon kii vasuli karni thee, kyonki way unhein girvi rakhate they. plantin ney yeh bhee likhaa kii kuchh dinon taka kaam karane key baad bhaai saraay mein laut aaenge. plantin koo niyamit roop seey johann key rinn chukaane padate they. johannes 1572-1573 mein sent luke key entwerp gilled mein panjikrit ack master utkeernak bunn gaye. 
1576 mein elizabeth bloomstein seey shaadi karane key baad unhone jald hii unhein chhod diyaa aur 1577 seey 1579 taka delft mein darj kiya gayaa. tair hayday key samudra tata parr samudra tata parr whale kii unaki prasiddh utkirnan 1577 mein unake dwara kii gaee thee. unhein delft key pramukh nagrikon key chhote andakar chitra banaane key liye commission bhee praapt hue. 1579 mein entwerp mein lautane parr, johannes viericks ney naa kewal plantin key liye kaam kiya, balki anya prakashakon jaise kii hains lifrink, zaan-baptist poshak tatva, phillip galley, gerard dee jode, willem vaine hecht, godeward vaine hecht aur hyronymus cock kii vidhwa volcane diarux key liye bhee kaam kiya, jinhone apane pati kii mrityu key baad prakaashan vyavasaay jaari rakhaa. isake alawa, unhone kabhi-kabhi khud apani nakkashi prakaashit kii. johannes virics kii maang itani adhik thee kii vaha apane kaam key liye itani adhik keemat taya curr sakate they kii plantin hamesha unhein ack prakaashan pariyojana key liye sanlagn karane mein saksham yaa ichchuk naheen thaa. 
johannes viericks koo aakhiri baar 1594 mein entwerp mein pralekhit kiya gayaa thaa. baad mein unhein brussels mein rahane key roop mein darj kiya gayaa haye, jahan unhein austriya key archduke ernest key brussels darbar dwara niyukt kiya gayaa thaa. hoe sakata haye kii vaha 1601 taka pahale hii brussels chalaa gayaa hoe kyonki usa varsh 28 julaai koo vaha parivarik sampatti seey judey saude key niptare mein shamil honey mein whiffle rhaa. 1612 mein brussels mein unake nivaas kaa ack dridh record haye.
vaha brussels mein marr gayaa.
kaam karate hain.
general.
ack asangat jeevan shally kaa netritva karane key liye apani pratishtha key bavjood, johannes virics ack bahut hii vipul kalakar they jinhone badee sankhya mein design, chitra, print key liye nakkashi aur chaandi aur hathidant parr nakkashi banaai. johann key kuchh utkirnan koo unake bhaai key padaanukramit key liye galat tareeke seey varnit kiya gayaa haye kyonki unhone apane kuchh karyon koo monogram aaee. aich. doubleu. yaa aich. doubleu. key saath hastaaksharit kiya thaa, jisamen aich. unake naam key chhote roopon mein seey ack haye, aaee.ee. huns.
graphic kaary.
virics ney 16veen shatabdi key anta mein kuchh mahatvapurna prakashanon parr kaam kiya. isamen jesuit dwara ack commission aur catholic samagri parr anya ugravaadi prati-soochana adesh shamil hain. unake print ney catholic church key dakshini neetherland kii bahaali mein ack mahatvapurna prachaar bhoomika nibhai. ack anya mahatvapurna prakaashan jiss parr unhone kaam kiya vaha thaa dominicus lampsonius dwara likhit nichale deshon key kalakaron key 23 utkeern chitron kaa sett aur 1572 mein "pictorum elikote celebrium germania ephiaris ephysies" (shaabdik anuvaadah "nichale germany key kuchh prasiddh chitrakaron key putale") sheershak key tahat prakaashit kiya gayaa thaa.
apani rachanaon kaa aavishkaar karane key alawa, virics ney fraans floris, gillis mostert aur chrispin vaine daine brock key design utkeern kiye. marton dee vose, joe 16veen shatabdi key uttaraardh mein flanders mein sabse vipul kalakaron mein seey ack they, ney aksar virics key saath sahyog kiya aur vishesh roop seey virics dwara utkeern kiye jaane key liye design banaae.
chitra.
johannes virics ack vipul draftsman they aur virics dwara hastaaksharit yaa jimmedaar lagbhag 250 chitra sanrakshit hain. unake chitron koo aamtaur parr albums mein yaa dheele patton key roop mein rakhaa jaataa haye. unake chitron mein vibhinn bibil shrinkhalaaen shamil hain, jinamen seey utpatti key drishyon key teen sett aur paanch junoon chakr shamil hain. unake samay mein unake chitron koo unake kushal pradarshan key liye ekatra kiya gayaa aur unaki prashansa kii gaee.
vaha kabhi-kabhi silverpoint mein kaam karate they. unake haath seey hastaaksharit ekmatra rajat bindu chitra haye chitralipi kaa chitra (harjog anton ulrich-sangrahalaya, branschweig) aur usee vishay key utkirnan key liye vipareet mein ack adhyayan haye. yeh sambhav haye kii unhone apani nakkashi key design key liye aksar chaandi key bindu kaa upayog kiya hoe.
brussels mein apane nivaas key dauran johannes ney laghu kalam chitra banaae, jinn parr hastakshar kiye gaye hain aur jyaadaatar 1607-1608 key aspas dinaankit hain. inn chitron koo ack sateek takneek mein nishpaadit kiya jaataa haye, jisamen ack utkeernak key roop mein bindu aur minut crosshatching kaa upayog kiya jaataa haye.
walter kalaa sangrahalaya sangrah mein 16 bandhe-ack saath charmpatra key patton kii ack matra haye joe laghu chitron mein ack junoon chakr koo darshaati haye (matra koo w.722, foll key roop mein jaanaa jaataa haye. 6 aar). aayatan aakar mein bahut chhota haye joe kewal 83 mimi gunaa 103 mimi maapata haye aur paridrishya praarup mein haye. pratyek patte key recto parr frame kiye gaye khaali sthaan paath key liye rikt sthaan prateet hotey hain, shayed baad mein ack lekhak yaa baad key malik dwara jode jaane key liye jaisa kii samkaaleen prateek pustakon mein dekhaa jaayega jaise kii benito arias montanus key "humane salutis smaarak", jisake liye virics ney kuchh plates koo kaataa haye. virics ney apane takniki kaushal koo dikhaane key liye inn laghu chitron kaa upayog kiya. yeh vishesh roop seey kinaaron mein spasht haye, joe sateek roop seey kheenche gaye acanthus scroll, upkaranon aur foolon, keedon aur chhote jaanvaron key praakritik pratipaadan seey bharey hue hain. inmein seey kaee vastuon koo spasht roop seey "archetipa studiac patris" seey coppy kiya gayaa thaa, joe unake pitaa joris hofnagel dwara chitron key baad jacob hofnagel dwara banaai gaee nakkashi kii matra thee.
chaandi aur hathidant parr nakkashi.
johannes virics ney keemati dhatuon aur hathidant parr nakkashi banaai. iss tarah kii nakkashi, vishesh roop seey haathi daant kii pattikaon koo, shandar chhote almaariyon yaa chhaati mein shamil kiya gayaa thaa, lekin kalaa key swatantra karyon key roop mein frame mein bhee sthaapit kiya gayaa thaa. hathidant parr utkeern ack "(dinaankit 1590-1600, walter kalaa sangrahalaya)" viericks kii parishkrit takneek koo darshaata haye.

