carbon nigrani

greenhouse gais nigrani key hisse key roop mein carbon nigrani ack vishesh samay parr ack vishesh gatividhi dwara kitna carbon dioxide yaa meethen kaa utpaadan hotaa haye, iska pataa lagaane key liye sandarbhit karati haye. udaaharan key liye, yeh krishi seey meethen utsarjan parr nazar rakhane, yaa bhoomi upayog parivartanon seey carbon dioxide utsarjan, jaise kii vanon kii kataai, yaa jeevaashm eendhan koo jalaane seey, chaahe vaha bijli sanyantra, automobile, yaa anya upkaran mein hoe, koo sandarbhit curr sakata haye. kyonki carbon dioxide sabse badee matra mein utsarjit greenhouse gais haye, aur meethen ack aur bhee adhik shaktishali greenhouse gais haye, carbon utsarjan kii nigrani koo utsarjan koo cumm karane key kissy bhee prayaas key liye vyaapak roop seey mahatvapurna maanaa jaataa haye aur iss tarah jalavaayu parivartan koo dheema kiya jaataa haye.
carbon utsarjan kii nigrani vartamaan mein europe mein upayog kiye jaa rahey cap-aind-trade karyakram key saath-saath california mein bhee mahatvapurna haye, aur bhavishya mein aise kissy bhee karyakram key liye aavashyak hoga, jaise peris samjhauta. carbon utsarjan parr lagaatar detta key vishvasaniya sroton kii kamee utsarjan koo cumm karane key prayason mein ack mahatvapurna baadha haye.
detta srot.
aise utsarjan aankadon key sroton mein shamil hainh
carbon monitoring forr action (carma)-vaishvik vikas key liye kendra dwara pradaan kiya gayaa ack online databases, jisamen duniya bhar mein 50,000 seey adhik bijli sanyantron aur 4,000 bijli companiyon key liye sanyantra-star utsarjan key saath-saath deshon, praanton (yaa raajyon) aur ilaakon key bijli utpaadan seey kull utsarjan shamil haye. bijli utpaadan seey honey vaale carbon utsarjan vaishvik utsarjan kaa lagbhag 25 pratishat haye.
eatswap-vartamaan mein britten aur ireland mein upayog mein ack utsarjan nigrani aur reporting pranali, joe praasangik sangathanon koo carbon utsarjan kii nigrani, satyapan aur report karane mein saksham banaati haye, jaisa kii euets (europeeya sangh utsarjan vyaapaar yojana) dwara aavashyak haye.
aff. aim. aiss.-germany mein upayog kii jaane vaali ack pranali jiska upayog ee. yuu. ee. tii. aiss. key adheen sanyantra prachaalak key liye vaarshik utsarjan report koo record karane aur ganana karane key liye kiya jaataa haye.
shesh vaishvik carbon bajat.
carbon utsarjan kii vaishvik star parr bhee nigrani kii jaati haye (deshon, kshetron, companiyon, gatividhiyon aadi key liye detta key saath).
sanyukt raajya america mein.
america mein lagbhag sabhi jalavaayu parivartan niyamon mein aarthik kshetra dwara carbon dioxide aur meethen utsarjan koo cumm karane kii shartein hain, isaliye inn utsarjanon kii sateek nigrani aur aaklan karane mein saksham honah inn niyamon key anupaalan kaa aaklan karane mein saksham honey key liye mahatvapurna haye. rashtriya star parr utsarjan key anuman kaafee sateek dikhaae gaye hain, lekin raajya star parr abhee bhee bahut anishchitata haye. peris samjhaute key hisse key roop mein, america ney ney mein baatchit kiye gaye peris samjhaute key hisse key roop mein 2025 taka 2005 key star key saapeksh apane jee. aich. jee. utsarjan koo cumm karane kaa vaadaa kiya. inn niyamon kaa paalan karane key liye, vishisht srot kshetron seey utsarjan kii matra nirdhaarit karna aavashyak haye. ack srot kshetra arthavyavastha kaa ack kshetra haye joe ack vishesh greenhouse gais kaa utsarjan kartaa haye, arthaat.ee. tail aur gais udyog seey meethen utsarjan, jise america ney apane peris samjhaute key yogdan koo praapt karane kii disha mein ack adhik vishisht kaarravaai key roop mein 2025 taka 2012 key star key saapeksh 40-45% taka cumm karane kaa vaadaa kiya haye.
vartamaan mein, americi sarkaar sahit adhikansh sarkaaren, utsarjan karakon kaa upayog karke "neeche seey oopar" drishtikon key saath carbon utsarjan kaa anuman lagaati hain, joe ack nishchit gatividhi kii prati ikai carbon utsarjan kii darr dete hain, aur usa gatividhi kaa kitna hissa huaa haye, iss parr detta dete hain. udaaharan key liye, prati gallen utsarjit carbon dioxide kii matra key liye ack utsarjan kaarak nirdhaarit kiya jaa sakata haye, aur ise halke shulk vaale vaahanon seey carbon utsarjan kaa anuman praapt karane key liye gasoline kii bikri parr detta key saath jodaa jaa sakata haye. anya udaharanon mein vibhinn sthaanon parr gaayon kii sankhya kaa nirdhaaran karna, yaa bijli sanyantron mein jalaaye gaye koyale key dravyamaan kaa nirdhaaran karna, aur meethen yaa carbon dioxide utsarjan kaa anuman lagaane key liye upayukt utsarjan karakon key saath inn aankadon koo jodana shamil haye. kabhi-kabhi carbon utsarjan kii nigrani key liye "oopar-neeche" vidhiyon kaa upayog kiya jaataa haye. inmein vayumandal mein greenhouse gais kii sandrata koo maapana aur utsarjan key vitaran koo nirdhaarit karane key liye inn maapon kaa upayog karna shamil haye joe parinami sandrata kaa kaaran banata haye.
jaba dohri ginati kii sambhavana hoti haye tou kshetra dwara lekha jatil hoe sakata haye. udaaharan key liye, jaba koyale koo synthetic praakritik gais kaa utpaadan karane key liye gaisikrit kiya jaataa haye, jise phir praakritik gais key saath milaaya jaataa haye aur praakritik gais sanchaalit bijli sanyantra mein jalaa diyaa jaataa haye, yadi praakritik gais kshetra key hisse key roop mein ganana kii jaati haye, tou iss gatividhi koo koyla kshetra seey ghataaya jaanaa chaahiye aur praakritik gais kshetra mein jodaa jaanaa chaahiye taaki iska uchit hisab rakhaa jaa sakey.
nassa carbon nigrani pranali (see. aim. aiss.).
nassa carbon nigrani pranali (see. aim. aiss.) 2010 mein ack congress key adesh dwara banaaya gayaa ack jalavaayu anusandhaan karyakram haye joe carbon dioxide aur meethen utsarjan koo maapane vaale jalavaayu anusandhaan key liye lagbhag 500,000 dollar prati varsh kaa anudan pradaan kartaa haye. upgrahon aur havaai jahaajon mein upkaranon kaa upayog karate hue see. aim. aiss. vitt poshit anusandhaan pariyojanaaen sanyukt raajya america aur anya deshon koo detta pradaan karati hain joe vyaktigat deshon kii pragati koo unake peris jalavaayu utsarjan katauti samjhauton key sambandh mein track karane mein madad karati hain. udaaharan key liye, see. aim. aiss. pariyojanaon ney vanon kii kataai aur vann ksharan seey carbon utsarjan koo maapa. see. aim. aiss. sroton key avalokan aur grah key carbon key pravaah key uchch-resolution model mein doobane key saath ack saath silai [aid] kartaa haye."2019 key sanghiya bajat ney vishesh roop seey cms key liye dhana kaa ashvasana diyaa, jaba trump prashaasan ney dhana samaapt karane kaa prastaav rakhaa.
europeeya sangh mein.
europeeya sangh utsarjan vyaapaar yojana (eu-ets) key hisse key roop mein, carbon nigrani aavashyak haye taaki cap-aind-trade karyakram kaa anupaalan sunishchit kiya jaa sakey. iss carbon nigrani karyakram key teen mukhya ghatak hainh vayumandaliya carbon dioxide maap, neeche seey oopar carbon dioxide utsarjan maanchitra, aur pahale dou ghatakon seey jaankaari koo sanshleshit karane key liye ack parichaalan detta-samamelan pranali.
oopar seey neeche, vayumandaliya maap drishtikon mein upgrah detta aur carbon dioxide sandrata key inn-seetu maap key saath-saath vayumandaliya model shamil hain joe carbon dioxide key vayumandaliya parivahan kaa model hain. inmein atyadhik hull kiye gaye sthaanik taraju parr carbon dioxide utsarjan nirdhaarit karane kii seemit kshamata hoti haye aur aamtaur parr 1 kimmy grid kii tulanaa mein behtar taraju kaa pratinidhitva naheen curr sakate hain. model koo jeevaashm eendhan jalaane jaise maanavjanit sroton seey aur sthaliya paaristhitiki tantra aur mahasagar jaise praakritik antahkriyaon seey carbon dioxide key pravaah koo bhee hull karna chaahiye. oopar-neeche drishtikon kii jatilataon aur seemaon key kaaran, eu iss vidhi koo neeche-oopar drishtikon key saath jodata haye.
vartamaan bottom-upp detta una soochanaon parr adharit haye joe vyaapaar yojana mein utsarjakon dwara swayam-report kii jaati hain. haalaanki, europeeya sangh iss soochana srot koo behtar banaane kii koshish curr rhaa haye aur neeche seey oopar utsarjan maanchitron mein sudhaar key liye prastaavit yojanaon mein bahut sudhaar hoga, jisamen sthaanik samadhan aur vaastavik samay key adyatan key karib hoga.
uparokt dou sroton seey ekatra kii gaee jaankaari koo sanyojit karane key liye ack parichaalan detta pranali kii bhee yojana banaai gaee haye. europeeya sangh koo ummeed haye kii 2030 key dashak taka, yeh parichaalan mein aaa jaayega aur europeeya sangh mein ack atyadhik parishkrit carbon nigrani karyakram koo saksham karega.
upgrah.
upgrahon kaa upayog kaksha seey carbon dioxide kii sandrata kii nigrani key liye kiya jaa sakata haye, aur prithvi-adharit maap pranaliyon key roop mein sateek dikhaaya gayaa haye. nassa vartamaan mein parikrama karane vaale carbon vedhshala-2 (oh. see. oh.-2) naamak ack upgrah kaa sanchaalan kartaa haye, aur japan apane swayam key upgrah, greenhouse gais avalokan upgrah (gosat) kaa sanchaalan kartaa haye. yeye upgrah utsarjan soochi seey detta antaral koo bharane key liye moolyavaan jaankaari pradaan curr sakate hain. oh. see. oh.-2 ney madhya poorv mein carbon dioxide key ack majboot pravaah koo maapa, jise utsarjan soochi mein pratinidhitva naheen kiya gayaa thaa, yeh darshaata haye kii utsarjan key nichale-oopar key anumaanon mein mahatvapurna sroton kii upeksha kii jaa rahee thee. inn upgrahon mein vartamaan mein unake maap mein lagbhag 0.5% kii trutiyaan hain, lekin americi aur japani dall trutiyon koo 0.25% taka cumm karane kii ummeed karate hain. chean ney haal hii mein disambar 2016 mein prithvi parr greenhouse gais sandrata kii nigrani key liye apana swayam kaa upgrah, tansat, launch kiya haye. vartamaan mein isake teen saal key mission kii yojana haye aur yeh harr 16 dinon mein carbon dioxide sandrata kii reeding legaa.

