gangoli

gangoli (ganguli bhee) karnatak raajya key udupi jile key kundpur taluk kaa ack gaanv haye. yeh panchgangavalli nadee key muhaane parr sthit haye. yeh karnatak key paschimi tata parr ack praaydweep parr sthit haye. yeh poorv mein nadee aur paschim mein arab sagar seey ghiraa huaa haye.
shahar koo mool roop seey "ganguli" key roop mein likhaa jaataa thaa, lekin abb ise adhik aam taur parr "gangoli" key roop mein likhaa jaataa haye. halanki daak kii muhar abhee bhee purani vartani kaa upayog karati haye.
sthaan.
gangoli ack muhaane key muhaane parr sthit haye jahan 5 nadiyaan, sooparnika nadee, varahi nadee, kedak nadee, chakr nadee aur kubja nadee, jinhen ack saath "panchgangavali" kahaa jaataa haye, milati hain. una nadiyon key naamon key sthaaniya kannad sanskaranon mein kolluru chhed, haldi chhed, rajadi chhed, wondsey chhed aur hemmadi chhed hain.
itihas.
1565 mein tallikota kii ladaai mein apani haar key baad vijaynagar samrajya mein uthal-puthal key dauran, gangoli keladi key nayakon key shasson key tahat aaya, joe taba taka vijaynagar key jagirdar/sardar they, lekin unhone swatantrata koo todane aur bednore raajya key roop mein ghoshit karane key avsar kaa laabh uthaaya. usa samay gangoli key aspas kii aabaadi aur gatividhi cumm thee kyonki aspas key adhikansh kshetra ghaney vanon seey bharey hue they. gangoli aur usake aspas rahane vaale loga mukhya roop seey veershaiv, jaine they aur unakaa vyavasaay krishi aur machhali pakadana thaa. gangoli seey aage antardeshiya basur kaa ullekh 13veen shatabdi key yatri ibn batoota key lekhan mein bhee kiya gayaa thaa.
1560 key aspas, badee sankhya mein purtagaali aur goan catholic parivaar gangoli aur aage dakshin mein chaley gaye. inn samriddh pravasiyon ney vyaktigat nivaasiyon seey bhoomi kaa badaa hissa kharida aur seedhe keladi jagirdar sadashiv naayak seey bhee, jinake sanrakshan mein unhone vann kshetron koo khaali curr diyaa taaki way khud koo samaayojit curr sakein. unakaa uddeshya ghar banaana, krishi karna aur vyaapaar jaari rakhna thaa. iss kshetra key vikas mein unakaa agrani yogdan teji seey aaa rhaa thaa kyonki unhone abb gangoli aur basroor (jise taba barceller key roop mein jaanaa jaataa thaa) mein ack nae adde seey apana purana vyaapaar phir seey shuru kiya, jisase gangoli usa samay ack pramukh samudri sthaan bunn gayaa.
usa samay gova mein purtagaali prashaasan parr kendrit atyadhik utsaahi gova poochtaachh ney isai apravasiyon koo keladi nayakon dwara pradaan kiye gaye sanrakshan kii sarahana naheen kii thee. haalaanki, sthaaniya shasakon aur unake nae udyami vishayon key beach sambandh aur paraspar nirbharta sthaaniya shasakon aur unake aspas key aspas 1565 mein vishesh roop seey keladi nayakon dwara swatantrata kaa daavaa karane key baad dinn-bub-dinn gahari hoti gaee. kaee bandook chalaane vaale, ghode kaa vyaapaar/sawari karane vaale purush keladi senaaon key saath ladane key liye bhaade key sainikon key roop mein shamil hoe gaye, vyaapaar aur curr sangrah karane vaale jahaajon parr sevaaon kii peshkash kii yaa keladi nayakon kii senaaon koo agneyastron aur khule samudra yuddh key upayog parr prashikshit kiya. yeh dhyaan rakhna dilchasp hoga kii baad key varshon mein kshetra mein isai vyaktiyon koo 'naayak' yaa 'nike' key roop mein sambodhit kiya jaayega aur yeh parampara aaj bhee jaari haye. aisaa maanaa jaataa haye kii dakshin kanara mein pahala church 1560 key aspas gangoli bunder parr banaa thaa joe vaastav mein ack prarthana kaksh thaa jisamen koee nivaas naheen thaa kyonki usa samay vahaan koee pujari naheen thaa.
haal key dinon mein gangoli key teji seey vikas key baare mein jaanate hue, veerbhadra naayak (1629-1645) key shasankal key dauran purtagaliyon ney 1629 mein linhars kii chauthi ginati, myguel dee noronha kii kamaan mein gangoli parr kabja curr liya. unhone gangoli mein muhaane key muhaane parr ack kilaa banaaya aur ise sent koo samarpit kiya. michael (michael (pradhaan doot)). unhone ack chhote lekin uchit church key nirmaan kaa bhee kaam shuru kiya joe bedagh avadharana key liye samarpit thaa. 1630 mein iss church key puuraa honey parr, bunder parr puraane prarthana kaksh koo jameen parr giraa diyaa gayaa aur nae church koo hamari pavitra avadharana kii mahila koo phir seey samarpit curr diyaa gayaa.
1645 mein veerbhadra key baad sivappa naayak simhaasan parr baithe. unhone varshon seey khoye hue kshetron koo phir seey hassil karane key liye kaee abhiyaan chalaae. varsh 1654 taka vaha purtagaliyon koo peechhe dhakelane mein kamyab rhaa aur abb ack kileband gangoli aur honnavar koo phir seey hassil karane mein kamyab rhaa jise onore bhee kahaa jaataa thaa. sivappa ney apane krodh mein yeh bhee adesh diyaa kii 1630 mein unake dwara nirmit chhoti church kii imarat koo nasht curr diyaa jaae. iss kaary ney raajya koo sachmuch asthir curr diyaa kyonki asthirta ney keladi naayak rajvansh koo prabhaavit kiya. agale 3 varshon key bheetar, 1660 mein sivappa kaa 15 saal kaa shasankal achaanak samaapt hoe gayaa. agale 12 varshon mein, 3 shaasak aae aur chaley gaye kyonki rajvansh tootane lagaa-chikk venkatappa naayak (1660-1662), bhadrappa naayak (1662-1664) aur somashekhar naayak (1664-1672).
paaramparik roop seey muscut bhaarat key poore paschimi tata key saath vyaapaar karane vaale mukhya arab bandargaahon mein seey ack thaa. 1672 key ack muscut bandargah logg seey pataa chalata haye kii muscut mein 16 jahaaj hain joe sindh seey, malabar seey 4, makran tata seey 4, karwar seey 1, paatan seey 2, paat seey 2, konkani bandargaahon seey 14, mocha seey 2, surat aur broach seey 2, maldiv seey 2, kung seey 16 aur sabse adhik-27 bhatkal, barceller (gangoli key madhyam seey basroor) aur manglore seey aae they.
1672 mein, somasekhar naayak kii vidhwa, keladi chennamma (jise chenammaji yaa chennammarani bhee kahaa jaataa haye) ney apane pati kii mrityu key baad rajvansh koo apane niyantran mein leey liya. jabaki raajya key vittiya laabh khil rahey they, isake shasakon kii teji seey lagaatar mauton key saath vyaktigat nuksan aniyantrit hoe rhaa thaa. rajvansh parr hue durbhagya koo door karane key liye, unhein unake mantriyon dwara sivappa naayak dwara nasht kiye gaye church key punarnirmaan koo turant suvidhajanak banaane kii salah dee gaee thee. binaa kissy deree key, unhone bhoomi daan kii aur isaaiyon seey church key punarnirmaan kaa aagrah kiya. lagbhag chamatkaarik roop seey, jwaar badal gayaa. rajvansh sthir hoe gayaa aur usake baad agale 12 varshon taka uska shasson nirbaadh roop seey jaari rhaa aur keladi rajvansh 1757 mein maisur shasakon aur phir baad mein angrejon key liye swaayatta khone vaale antim logon mein seey ack honey taka jaari rhaa.
halanki, 1697 mein ack avsar parr, muscut key arbo key ack bede ney mandiron koo nuksan pahunchaaya aur gangoli, kundpur seey laker basroor taka key kshetron koo barkhast curr diyaa, jaba unhein vahaan ack karkhana sthaapit karane kii shaahi anumati dene seey incar curr diyaa gayaa.
1799 taka, sabse buraa khatm hoe gayaa thaa. tipu sultan kii mrityu key saath, peedit isai jeevit bache kuchh loga laut aae lekin kewal yeh paaya kii unaki sampatti aur sampatti sabhi chully gaee thee. kuchh jeevit bache logon koo unaki kuchh bhoomi yaa ghar vaapas mill gaye. sabhi itane bhagyashali naheen they. lekin phir bhee, una sabhi koo phir seey shuru karna padaa. church key punarnirmaan kaa kaary bhee shuru huaa.
vijaynagar shasakon key adheen, gangoli basroor key liye aage antardeshiya jaane vaale jahaajon key liye ack pargaman shahar thaa. vyaapaar mukhya roop seey purtagaali aur muscut key arabon key saath thaa. chawal, kaali mirch aur mukhya roop seey tambe key bartanon key badale ghode, khajur antardeshiya roop seey aatey they. 1680 taka gangoli ack pasandida vyaparik bandargah key roop mein manglaur seey haar gayaa thaa kyonki badey samudri jahaaj bhee chaudi aur 17-fatham-gahari netravali nadee mein jaa sakate they aur chawal leey jaa sakate they. 
british prashaasan key dauran, gangoli ack mahatvapurna vanijya aur niryaat kendra key roop mein vikasit huaa, jisake vyaparik sambandh bombe, keral, gujaraat, madhya poorv, lakshdweep aur tanzania seey they. mukhya niryaat chawal, guda aur narial they.
1948 mein bhaarat kii swatantrata key baad, gaanv ack vyaparik kendra banaa rhaa, lekin rashtriya rajmarg 17 (bhaarat) yaa aine. aich.-17 (haal hii mein aine. aich.-66 key roop mein punarnamit) key nirmaan aur aadhunik parivahan pranaliyon kii shuruat key kaaran vyaparik gatividhiyon koo nuksan huaa, joe shipping kii jagah leey rhaa thaa.
paul dee.jee. rego ney 1 octuber 1949 koo shram vidyalaya shuru kiya. michael noronha ney sent joseph praathamik aur stella marris balika uchch vidyalaya kaa nirmaan kiya. thomas dee 'saa ney kannad kudru mein nae school bhawan kaa nirmaan kiya. felix noronha ney disambar 2001 mein school bhawan kaa navinikaran kiya. ack nae school bhawan kaa nirmaan kiya gayaa aur praathamik vidyalaya mein computer shiksha shuru kii gaee.
1980 key dashak seey yeh machinikrit machhali pakadane kii shuruat key saath ack pramukh machhali pakadane key kendra key roop mein vikasit huaa. yeh abb karnatak mein doosara sabse badaa vikreta bunn gayaa haye. vartamaan mein yahaan 200 seey adhik naukaaen khadee hain.
arthavyavastha.
gangoli gaanv mein ack bandargah haye, aur machhali pakadana ugupi jile key baaki hisson kii tarah gangoli kii ack pramukh aarthik gatividhi haye.
bhasha.
yahaan upayog kii jaane vaali mukhya bhaashaaen kannad, nawath aur konkani hain.

