
napolean yuddhon mein ghode

napolean yuddhon key dauran yuddh, gashti aur tohi key liye aur sajo-saman key liye ghodon kaa vyaapak roop seey upayog kiya jaataa thaa. poore yuddhon mein badee sankhya mein upayog kiya gayaa thaa. chhathe gathbandhan key yuddh key dauran, francisi ghudsavaar senaa kii kamaan mein kamee (mukhya roop seey russie abhiyaan key dauran peedit) aur punarpraapti pradaan karane key liye ghode utpaadak sahyogiyon key nuksan ney francisi samrajya kii kramik haar aur patan mein mahatvapurna yogdan diyaa. waterloo abhiyaan key dauran, "armi doo nord" key paas 47,000 ghode theh 25,000 ghudsavaar, topkhaane key liye 12,000, paidal senaa aur aapoorti stambhon key liye 10,000.
ghudsavaar.
yadyapi badee senaaon mein ghudsavaar senaa 'sadame' kii kaarravaai mein upayog key liye bhaari resiments koo kendrit karane key liye paryaapt sankhya mein hoe sakati haye, cumm ghudsavaar senaaon mein upalabdh sainikon koo kissy vishisht kartavya key liye vishesh ikaaiyon koo aavantit karane mein saksham honey key vilasita key binaa, joe bhee bhoomika kii aavashyakta thee usey puuraa karna parh sakata haye. wellington ney iss vichaar kii vakaalat kii kii "sabhi" ghudsavaaron koo joe kuchh bhee aavashyak thaa vaha karane mein saksham honah chaahiye 'way kapade pahane houn yaa sashastr houn'. iss tarah kii raay key bavjood, bhaari aur halke resiments key beach antar aam taur parr banaae rakhaa gayaa thaa.
yuddh key maidan mein, ghudsavaar senaa kii mukhya aakramak bhoomika sadame vaale sainikon key roop mein thee, joe ack ghudsavaar charge pradaan karati thee. charge kii adhikatam gati key saath gati key liye charge koo saavdhaanipoorvak prabandhit kiya gayaa thaa. teji seey pragati key parinamswarup nirmaan mein viram lagaa aur ghode uda gaye. muraat ney kewal yeh maang kii kii unake squadron koo 'dushman kii upasthiti mein march parr chalana chaahiye aur chalana chaahiye'; wellington kii ghudsavaar senaa hamesha poori teji seey chalati haye-bhale hii way kabhi-kabhi haath seey nickle jaaen. usa avadhi key sabse prasiddh aaropon mein seey ack, waterloo mein shaahi scott gray key ack gawah ney varnan kiya kii yeh "hamesha key liye scotland" mein chitrit hamale "aeye outrance" seey kitna alag thaa. vaastav mein, resiment mont sent-jeane riz key shikhar parr aaee, apani paidal senaa seey gujarati hui, aur lagbhag turant aage badhane vaale francisi mein bhaag gaee, taaki 'vaastav mein iss stambh key oopar seey chalaa gayaa'.
spasht, badhati hui bhoomi parr ghudsavaar senaa key saath line yaa collum mein tainaat kiye gaye they, aur aksar ghode kii topkhaane key saath aarop lagaae gaye they. aksar, paidal senaa peechhe hatati thee, taaki kissy bhee maidan koo surakshit kiya jaa sakey. ack baar jaba ack dushman kii senaa yuddh key maidan koo chhod detee thee aur peechhe hutt jaati thee, tou ghudsavaar senaa kaa upayog hamesha ack parajit dushman kii vaapsee kaa fayda uthaane aur usa senaa key peechhe hatane vaale koo pareshan karane key liye kiya jaataa thaa. raksha mein, ghudsavaar senaa kaa upayog dushman kii paidal senaa key buggle parr hamla karane aur unhein pareshan karane key liye kiya jaa sakata thaa kyonki way aage badh rahey they. isake alawa, paidal senaa kii safal kaarravaai key baad dushman kii rekhaaon koo todane key liye ghudsavaar senaa kaa upayog kiya gayaa thaa.
ghudsavaar senaa paidal senaa key khilaf march parr yaa jaba pankti yaa stambh mein bunny tou behad prabhaavi thee. pankti mein gathit ack batalian vishesh roop seey ghudsavaar senaa key liye asurakshit thee, aur ack achchi tarah seey gathit ghudsavaar senaa key aakraman dwara toot yaa nasht kiya jaa sakata thaa, jaise kii 1811 mein albura kii ladaai key dauran ell. tii.-colborne kii brigade koo nasht curr diyaa gayaa thaa, jisamen unake 1,650 purushon mein seey 1,250 kaa nuksan huaa thaa. 
suraksha key liye, paidal senaa ney apane swayam key ghudsavaaron key puttle aur samarthan kii maang kii. anyatha, paidal senaa kii ekmatra raksha vargakar theeh ack tanga chaar-tarfa gathan, bandookon aur beyonet kii divaaron koo prastut karna, pratyek paksh dusaron key kinaaron kii raksha karna. yeye aam taur parr ghudsavaar senaa key liye abhedya they, lekin topkhaane yaa anya paidal senaa key liye asurakshit they. ghudsavaar senaa kaa upayog aksar paidal senaa key hamale seey pahale kiya jaataa thaa, taaki unake aarop paidal senaa yaa topkhaane key liye kamjor sanrachanaon mein ack paidal senaa line koo todane aur sudhaar karane key liye majboor curr sakein. inn paintarebaazi key dauran, way vishesh roop seey ghudsavaar senaa key prati samvedansheel rahey.
topkhaane.
iss avadhi mein ghodon kaa ack aur pramukh upayog bhaari topkhaane key liye pashuon key roop mein kiya gayaa thaa.
feeled artillery key alawa, jahaan ghode seey kheenchi jaane vaali bandookon mein paidal bandukdhari bhaag lete they, senaaon mein aam taur parr ghode kii battery hoti thee, jahaan pratyek bandukdhari koo mount pradaan kiye jaate they. ghode kii topkhaane mein aam taur parr halke tukadon kaa upayog kiya jaataa thaa, halanki british key paas kuchh 9-pound (madhyam vajan) ghode kii baitariyan theen; atirikt gati key liye, inmein 6 key bajaay 8 ghodon kii ack team thee. isake alawa, ghode kii topkhaane key golaa-barud vaiganon mein ack atirikt jodee (4 key bajaay 6 ghode) kaa upayog kiya jaataa thaa. bhaari topon key tukadon koo 12 ghodon kii ack team kii aavashyakta thee. adhikaariyon, shalyachikitsakon aur anya sahayak karmchaariyon key liye aavashyak vyaktigat ghodon kii sawari key saath-saath topkhaane kii bandookon koo kheenchane aur vaiganon kii aapoorti karane vaalon key liye, chhah bandookon kii topkhaane kii battery key liye 160 seey 200 ghodon kii aavashyakta hoe sakati haye. isake vipareet, 1813 mein, kaptan bogh kii tukadi, joe poori tarah seey congrave rockets seey lais thee, ack prakaar kii rockett topkhaane key liye, kewal 105 ghodon kii aavashyakta thee. chapalata mahatvapurna thee; aadarsh topkhaane kaa ghodaa 15 seey 16 haathon kaa thaa, joe dridhata seey banaaya gayaa thaa, lekin jaldi seey chalane mein saksham thaa.
ghode kii topkhaane kaa upayog aam taur parr ghudsavaar senaa kii ikaaiyon kaa samarthan karane key liye kiya jaataa thaa, aur isaliye ghudsavaar senaa key prabhagon kii kamaan key tahat aatey they, lekin kuchh ladaaiyon mein, jaise kii waterloo mein, ghode kii topkhaane kaa upayog angrejon dwara ack twarit pratikriya bull key roop mein kiya jaataa thaa, francisi seey hamalon koo safaltapurvak peechhe hataate hue, aur francisi seey laa heya sente key paidal senaa koo phir seey hassil karane mein sahaayata karate they.
ghode key prakaar aur naslen.
yuddh kaa ghodaa paaramparik roop seey adhikaariyon aur sainikon donon key liye madhyam aakar kaa thaa, kyonki bhaari ghodon koo banaae rakhna taarkik roop seey mushkil thaa, aur vibhinn ilaakon key liye cumm anukool thaa. usa samay adhikansh senaayen ghudsavaar ghodon koo pasand karati theen. udaaharan key liye, 1812 mein francisi seva mein, curessor aur carbineer key liye mount way they joe badey they, dragon seey, ghodon parr husar, jabaki chasers aeye cheval ghodon parr they; halke ghodon koo scouting aur redd karane key liye pratibandhit kiya gayaa thaa. apane "preshan" mein wellington ney jore dekar kahaa kii ingland seey bheje jaane vaale dhana kii raashi ghudsavaar senaa aur topkhaane key liye 15 haathon key tahat naheen honey chaahiye. phir bhee, 1813 mein british 10vein husar key ghodon kaa ausat aakar lagbhag 15 haath thaa, lekin dusare dragon mein 14.2 haathon key 340 tattu aur 55 tattu they; ghudsavaar ghode aam taur parr 5 varshon mein praapt kiye jaate they, 10 seey 12 varshon kii seva (nuksan koo chhodkar) kii ummeed kii jaa sakati thee. cumm aasaani seey prabandhit stellion kii tulanaa mein ghode aur jelding kaa upayog kiya jaataa thaa. ack abhiyaan key dauran upayukt chaare kii kamee, march kii sthitiyon key saath-saath dushman kii kaarravaai key kaaran 30-40% kaa nuksan aam thaa.
jaise-jaise resimental sanrachanaaen vikasit huin, kaee ikaaiyon ney samaan prakaar key ghodon kaa chayan kiya, kuchh, jaise kii shaahi scots gray aur 2nd dragon gaard (raani key bey), yahaan taka kii rung nirdisht karate hue. turahiyan bhee aksar vishisht ghodon parr sawari karati theen, jaise kii gray, taaki way alag hoe sakein. kshetriya senaaon ney vareeyataaen vikasit keen, jaise kii british 15 hh shikari, kendriya german 'hanovarian, poorv prussia key prussian' trekkener ghode aur cossex 'steppy tattu.

