
kaaleen-thaila

sanyukt raajya key itihas mein, kaaleen-bagger ack badey paimaane parr aitihaasik shabd haye jiska upayog dakshini logon dwara avasarvaadi uttari logon kaa varnan karane key liye kiya jaataa haye joe americi grihyuddh key baad dakshini raajyon mein aae they, jinhen apane swayam key vittiya, raajneetik aur/yaa samajik laabh key liye sthaaniya janata kaa shoshan karane key liye maanaa jaataa thaa. iss shabd mein motey taur parr donon vyakti shamil they joe gantantra kii rajneeti koo badhaava dene kii maang karate they (jisamen african amerikiyon key matdan karane aur pada dhaaran karane kaa adhikaar bhee shamil thaa) aur aise vyakti jinhone yuddh key baad sthaaniya arthvyavasthaon kii arajak sthiti key kaaran vyaapaar aur raajneetik avsar dekhe. vyavhaar mein, "kaaleen-bagger" shabd aksar kissy bhee uttari logon key liye lagu kiya jaataa thaa joe punarnirmaan yug (1865-1877) key dauran dakshin mein maujood they. yeh shabd "scalwagh" key saath nikatata seey judaa huaa haye, ack samaan roop seey apmaanjanak shabd jiska upayog mool safed dakshini logon kaa varnan karane key liye kiya jaataa haye jinhone gantantra party key netritva vaale punarnirmaan kaa samarthan kiya thaa.
safed dakshini logon ney aamtaur parr yuddh key baad key varshon key dauran saamoohik roop seey "kaaleen baggers" kii ninda kii, iss darr seey kii way parajit dakshin koo loot lenge aur loot lenge aur kattarpanthi ganrajyon key saath raajneetik roop seey gathbandhan karenge. uttar seey 60 purush, jinamen shikshit mukt ashwet aur gulam shamil they, joe uttar mein bhaag gaye they aur yuddh key baad dakshin mein laut aae they, dakshin seey congress key liye ganarajya key roop mein chune gaye they. punarnirmaan key dauran dakshin mein adhikansh ganarajya governor uttar seey they.
punarnirmaan yug key anta key baad seey, iss shabd kaa upayog una logon koo darshaane key liye kiya jaataa rhaa haye joe usa sthaan seey sambandh naheen honey key bavjood vishuddh roop seey aarthik yaa raajneetik karanon seey ack nae kshetra mein jaate hain.
vyutpatti aur paribhasha.
kaaleen bagger" shabd, vishesh roop seey ack apmaanjanak shabd key roop mein upayog kiya jaataa haye, joe kaaleen bagg (kaaleen kapade seey baney saste saman kaa ack roop) seey utpann huaa haye, jise inmein seey kaee nae loga leey jaate they. yeh shabd baahari logon dwara avasarvaad aur shoshan seey judaa huaa thaa. abb sanyukt raajya america mein iss shabd kaa upayog ack parachute ummidwar koo sandarbhit karane key liye kiya jaataa haye, yaani ack baahari vyakti joe ack kshetra mein saarvajanik karyalaya key liye cumm samay taka rahey binaa, yaa anya mahatvapurna samudayik sambandhon key binaa chalata haye.
oliver temple perry ney apani 1912 kii pustak mein kahaa haye, "1833 seey 1875 taka, unake samay aur unake samkaaleen, tenacy key ullekhaniya purush", tenacy raajya sachiv aur kattarpanthi ganarajya andru jey. raajya mein, aggar sabse pahale naheen tou, fletcher una pahale logon mein seey ack thaa, jinhone [yuu. key.] antim dinon mein senaa key peechhe uttar seey aae lalchi karyalaya-chahane vaalon kii bheed kii ninda kii.aiss. juuna 1867 mein apane stump bhaashan key bheetar sivil] vaar, jise unhone viklang tenancy governor villium jee key punah chunaav key liye tenancy key beach diyaa. braaunloh
"yahaan ghar banaane aur hamaare logon mein seey ack banane key liye poori imandari seey aaney vaale uttari vyakti kaa mujhase jyada koee adhik khushi seey swaagat naheen kartaa haye, lekin usa sahsi aur karyalaya-saadhak key liye joe hamaare beach ack gandi shirt aur ack jodee gandi moje key saath aataa haye, ack puraane jangdar kaaleen bagg mein, aur usake dhone seey pahale karyalaya key liye ummidwar bunn jaataa haye, meraa koee swaagat naheen haye."
yeh "kaaleen thaila" shabd kii utpatti thee, aur isase prasiddh shabd "kaaleen-thaila sarkaar" vikasit huaa."
20veen shatabdi key anta mein sanyukt raajya mein, "corpetbagger" kaa ack aur arth vikasit huaah british angreji mein yeh una logon koo sandarbhit kartaa haye joe ack aapsi sangathan mein shamil hotey hain, jaise kii ack nirmaan samaaj, taaki ise ack sanyukt stock company mein badalane key liye majboor kiya jaa sakey. aise vyakti iss tarah key karyon key madhyam seey vyaktigat vittiya laabh kii talash curr rahey hain.
prishthabhoomi.
dakshin mein ganatantravaadi party mein grihyuddh key baad teen samooh shamil they, aur shwet loktaantrik dakshini logon ney dou koo apmaanjanak shabdon key saath sandarbhit kiya. "scalwagh" safed dakshini they jinhone republican party kaa samarthan kiya, "corpetbagger" haal hii mein uttar seey iss kshetra mein aae they, aur mukt kiye gaye logon koo mukt gulam banaaya gayaa thaa. halanki "corpetbagger" aur "scallwag" mool roop seey virodh key shabd they, lekin abb inn vargon key logon koo sandarbhit karane key liye vidvaanon key saahitya mein inca upayog kiya jaataa haye. raajneetik roop seey, kaaleen baggers aamtaur parr pramukh they; unamen adhikansh ganarajya key rajyapal aur congressi shamil they. haalaanki, pratyek raajya key ander republican party ack taraf adhik roodhivaadi scallwag aur doosari taraf apane kaale sahyogiyon key saath adhik kattarpanthi kaaleen baggers key beach teji seey futty hui thee. adhikansh mamalon mein, kaaleen baggers jeet gaye, aur kaee scallwag roodhivaadi yaa loktaantrik vipaksh mein chaley gaye.
dakshin mein 430 ganarajya samachar patron mein seey adhikansh kaa sampadan scallwag dwara kiya gayaa thaa-20 pratishat kaa sampadan kaaleen baggers dwara kiya gayaa thaa. shwet vyapariyon ney aam taur parr gantantra patron kaa bahishkaar kiya, joe sarkari sanrakshan key madhyam seey butch gaye.
itihaaskaar erich phoner kaa tark haih
aaveg mein sudhaar.
1862 mein shuru hocker, uttari unmoolanvaadi dakshin key una kshetron mein chaley gaye joe sangh key niyantran mein aaa gaye they. schooly shikshak aur dhaarmik missionary mukt purushon koo padhaane key liye dakshin mein gaye; kuchh uttari churchon dwara praayojit they. kuchh unmoolanvaadi they jinhone nasleeya samaantaa key liye sangharsh jaari rakhane kii maang kii; way aksar sanghiya friedman beuro key agent bunn gaye, jisane 1865 mein haal hii mein mukt hue daason kii badee sankhya mein sahaayata key liye sanchaalan shuru kiya. beuro ney jyaadaatar anpadh ashwet aur garib shwet aabaadi koo shikshit karane key uddeshya seey dakshin key graameen kshetron mein schools kii sthaapana kii. dakshin kii or chaley gaye anya uttari logon ney yuddh key dauran pahale seey nasht hoe chuke railmargon aur buniyaadi dhaanche key vibhinn anya roopon key punarnirmaan key laabhdaayak vyavasaay mein bhaag lene key liye aisaa kiya.
usa samay key dauran adhikansh ashweton koo gulam banaaya gayaa thaa, kaee logon koo shikshit honey aur saksharta praapt karane seey pratibandhit kiya gayaa thaa. dakshini raajyon mein koee saarvajanik vidyalaya pranali naheen thee, aur uchch varg key gorey dakshini logon ney yaa tou apane bachchon koo niji schools (ingland sahit) mein bheja yaa niji shikshakon koo kaam parr rakhaa. yuddh key baad, saikadon uttari shwet mahilaaen dakshin kii or chully gaeen, jinamen seey kaee nava-mukt african-americi bachchon koo padhaane key liye theen. vahaan way samaan vichardhara vaale dakshini logon mein shamil hoe gaye, jinamen seey adhikansh paddhativaadi aur baptist churchon dwara niyojit they, jinhone apana adhikansh samay grih yuddh seey pahale aur baad mein gulamon aur mukt logon kii mandaliyon koo padhaane aur prachaar karane mein bitaaya.
aarthik uddeshya.
kaaleen baggers ney bainkon aur khudra vyavsaayon kii bhee sthaapana kii. adhikansh poorv sangh sanic iss ashajanak naee seema mein apani bachat aur oorjaa kaa nivesh karane key liye utsuk they, aur nagrik dakshin mein kapas ugaane mein dakshin mein kii jaane vaali shandar raashi kii press reports seey lubhaane lagey."phoner ney nott kiya kii" laabh kii khoj key saath judanaa, halanki, ack sudhaar kii bhavna thee, joe anubhaagiya sulah aur dakshin key "aarthik punarjanan" key agent key roop mein khud kii ack drishti thee."dakshini logon-kaale aur safed-koo aarthik pahal," "shuddh kaary naitikta" "aur aatm-anushasana seey rahit key roop mein dekhane key aadee, unakaa maanana thaa kii kewal" "uttari poonji aur oorjaa" "kshetra mein ack mukt shram pranali kaa aashirvaad laa sakati haye."
kaaleen baggers mool roop seey achchi tarah seey shikshit aur madhyam varg key hotey they. kuchh vakeel, vyavasaayi aur samachar patra sampaadak they. adhikansh (60 mein seey 52 sahit jinhone punarnirmaan key dauran congress mein seva kii) sangh senaa key diggaj they.
pramukh "black corpetbaggers" kaa maanana thaa kii poonji aur shram key hita samaan they, aur yeh kii mukt kiye gaye loga "jeevan kii daud mein ack imandar avsar" seey thodaa adhik key hakdar they."
kaee uttari aur dakshini ganrajyon ney dakshini arthavyavastha aur samaaj koo unnat karane key liye ack aadhunik drishtikon saajha kiya, joe kii rail maarg, karkhanon aur adhik kushal kheti key saath aksham dakshini vrikshaaropan shasson kii jagah legaa. unhone sakriya roop seey saarvajanik schooly shiksha koo badhaava diyaa aur kaee college aur vishvavidyalaya banaae. uttari loga vishesh roop seey raajya vidhaansabhaaon kii sahaayata seey dakshini railmargon parr niyantran karane mein safal rahey. 1870 mein, uttari logon ney dakshin key railmargon key 21 pratishat (mileage dwara) koo niyantrit kiya; 19 pratishat nideshak uttar seey they. 1890 taka, unhone mileage kaa 88 pratishat niyantrit kiya; 47 pratishat nideshak uttar seey they.
raajya kii rajneeti mein pramukh udaaharan.
mississippi.
union general edelbert aims, joe maine key mool nivasi they, koo sainya governor niyukt kiya gayaa thaa aur baad mein punarnirmaan yug key dauran mississippi key ganarajya governor key roop mein chune gaye they. ames ney kaale mississipian key liye samaan adhikaar sunishchit karane kii asafal koshish kii. dakshini aur african amerikiyon key saath unaki raajneetik ladaai ney unaki party koo toda diyaa.
1868 mein mississippi mein "kaalaa aur tunn" (dwirashtriya) samvaidhaanik sammelan mein 30 safed dakshini, 17 dakshini mukt aur 24 gair-dakshini shamil they, jinamen seey lagbhag sabhi sangh senaa key diggaj they. unamen chaar purush shamil they joe yuddh seey pahale dakshin mein rahate they, jinamen seey dou ney sangh raajya senaa mein seva kii thee. adhik pramukh logon mein jeane they. berath bee. agleston, newyork key mool nivasi; cole. aeye. tii. morgan, dusare wisconsin swayamsevakon kaa; jeane. doubleu. aiss. bairi, kentucky mein pully-badhee ack rangeen resiment key poorv commander; ack ilinois general aur vakeel joe nox college seey snaatak hue; mejar. doubleu. aich. gibbs, pandrahavin ilinois paidal senaa key; nyayadhish doubleu. bee. pensylvania kaa canningham; aur cap. ee. jey. castello, saatvin misauri paidal senaa kaa. way mississippi mein republican party key sansthapakon mein seey they.
way 1875 taka raajya kii rajneeti mein pramukh they, lekin 1875 seey 1876 taka laal shirt aur safed liner key dabaav mein lagbhag sabhi ney mississippi chhod diyaa. inn shwet ardhsainik sangathanon, jinhen "loktaantrik party kii sainya shakha" key roop mein varnit kiya gayaa haye, ney gantantra shasson koo hinsak roop seey ukhaad fenkane key liye khule taur parr kaam kiya, gantantriyon koo karyalaya seey baahar karane aur swatantra logon key matdan koo dabaane key liye dhamki aur hatyaa kaa upayog kiya. mississippi pratinidhi villie pee. harris, ack loktaantrik, ney 1875 mein kahaah
yadi kissy sanghiya prashaasan dwara samarthit koee bhee dou sou dakshini purush indianapolis jaaen, tou indiana key logon koo baahar nikaal dein, satta, sammaan aur laabh key sabhi padon parr kabja curr lein, logon koo hatyaron aur barbaron key roop mein ninda karein, saarvajanik prashaasan kii sabhi shaakhaon mein bhrashtachar karein, sarkaar koo aashirvaad key bajaay ack abhishaap banaaen, samaaj key sabse agyaani varg key saath prabuddh, buddhiman aur gunee logon key khilaf yuddh karane key liye leag karein, tou iss tarah key samajik sambandh kiss tarah key honge.
albert tii. yaazuu, mississippi key ganarajya sheriff, morgan koo rashtriya dhyaan kaa ack sankshipt jhunjhuni millie jaba vidrohi shwet loktantravadiyon ney county sarkaar koo apane niyantran mein leey liya aur usey bhaagne key liye majboor curr diyaa. baad mein unhone "yaju; yaa, dakshin mein swatantrata kii pickett line parr" (1884) likhaa.
6 navambar, 1875 koo, hiram ack mississippi ganarajya aur pahale african-americi yuu.aiss. senator ney aapako ack patra likhaa.aiss. rashtrapati ulysses aiss. anudan joe vyaapak roop seey punarmudrit kiya gayaa thaa. vyaktigat laabh key liye kaale vote mein herfer karane aur yuddh key samay kii nafrat koo jeevit rakhane key liye aims aur uttari logon kii ninda kii gaeeh
portsmouth, ohiyo key ack vakeel elza jefford, joe tensi kii senaa key saath ladey they, grih yuddh key samaapan key baad mississippi mein rahey. vaha yuu. mein usa raajya kaa pratinidhitva karane vaale antim ganarajya they.aiss. pratinidhi sabhaa, 1883 seey 1885 taka seva karane key baad, congress chhodane key solah dinon baad wixberg mein unaki mrityu hoe gaee. raajya seey agale gantantra congress sadasya koo assie saal baad 1964 taka naheen chunaa gayaa thaah smith county mein maaiz key prentice walker, jinhone 1965 seey 1967 taka ack hii karyakal kii seva kii.
uttari carolina.
itihaaskaar paul escott ney nott kiya kii bhrashtachar kaa aarop uttar carolina mein loktantravadiyon dwara gantantravadiyon key khilaf lagaaya gayaa thaa, kyonki isaki sachchai spasht thee."itihaaskaar erich phoner aur doubleu. ee. bee. doo bois ney nott kiya haye kii loktantravadiyon key saath-saath ganarajyiyon koo rishwat millie aur unhone rail maarg key baare mein nirnayon mein bhaag liya. general milton aiss. littlefield koo "kaaleen baggers kaa rajkumar" kahaa jaataa thaa, aur unhone "bhavya aur dhokhadhadi vaali rail yojanaon kaa samarthan karane key liye" vidhaayika mein vote khareede. escott ney nishkarsh nikala kii kuchh loktantravaadi shamil they, lekin ganarajyiyon ney "rail maargon key liye raajya baand mein $28 million key mudde aur saath mein bhrashtachar key liye mukhya jimmedaari lii. iss raashi ney, joe usa samay key liye bahut badee thee, bahut chinta paida kii."phoner kaa kahana haye kii littlefield ney apane rail maarg key liye raajya key dhana key liye vidhaayika mein samarthan jeetane key liye $200,000 (rishwat) vitarit kiye, aur loktantriyon key saath-saath ganatantravaadi rishwat lene aur rail maarg parr nirnay lene key doshi they. north carolina democrate ney vidhaayika key "bhrasht khalnayak, joe harr dinn rishwat lete hain" kii ninda kii; ack sthaaniya ganarajya key padadhikari ney shikayat kii, "mujhe vidhaayika mein hamaare kuchh doston key saath-saath vittiya mamalon key sambandh mein bhee gahara khed haye, yeh vaastav mein bahut sharmanak haye."
escott ney nott kiya kii asadharanta aur bhrashtachar ney karon mein vriddhi kii aur ack aise raajya mein sarkaar kii laagat joe hamesha cumm kharch key paksh mein thee. sandarbh yeh thaa kii ack bagan karane vaale abhijaat varg ney karon koo cumm rakhaa kyonki isase unhein laabh huaa. unhone apane paise kaa istemal saarvajanik nivesh key bajaay niji uddeshyon key liye kiya. raajya vidhaansabhaaon dwara punarnirmaan key nirmaan seey pahale kissy bhee raajya ney saarvajanik vidyalaya pranali sthaapit naheen kii thee, aur unhone sadakon aur railmarg jaise buniyaadi dhaanche mein vyavasthit roop seey cumm nivesh kiya thaa. jinn baganon kii sampattiyon ney pramukh nadee tata sthaanon parr kabja curr liya thaa, way nadee parivahan parr nirbhar they, lekin backcontry mein chhote kisaanon koo nuksan uthaana padaa.
escott ney daavaa kiya, "kuchh paisa bahut hii yogya karanon key liye gayaa-udaaharan key liye, 1869 kii vidhaayika ney ack school kaanoon paarit kiya jisane raajya key saarvajanik schools key punarnirmaan aur vistaar kii shuruat kii. lekin bahut adhik galat tareeke seey yaa anajaane mein "republican party key netritva kii sahaayata key liye" kharch kiya gayaa thaa. alamens mein ack ganarajya county aayukt ney sthiti kii spasht roop seey ninda keeh "purushon koo satta mein rakhaa jaataa haye joe apane kartavyon koo nibhaane key bajaay satta mein rahate hain... badmash koo snaatak karane key liye ack prakaar kaa school banaaen. haan, aggar aap unhein kuchh dollar denge tou way aapako ack kushal badmash key liye pareshan karenge. yeh una karon key sandarbh mein haye joe logon key shramik varg seey liye jaate hain. binaa kissy twarit sudhaar key mujhe apane pada seey istifa denaa hoga."
albian doubleu. torge, joe pahale ohiyo key they aur rashtrapati james aeye key mitra they. garfield, uttari carolina chaley gaye, jahan unhone ack vakeel key roop mein abhyaas kiya aur unhein ack nyayadhish niyukt kiya gayaa. unhone ack baar kahaa thaa kii "yeeshu masih ack kaaleen thaa."toorgi ney baad mein" "aeye fools errand" "likhaa, joe uttari carolina mein koo clux clan dwara prataadit ack aadarshvaadi kaaleen key baare mein ack badey paimaane parr aatmakathaatmak upanyaas thaa.
dakshin carolina.
dakshin carolina mein ack rajneta jise corpetbagger kahaa jaataa thaa, vaha daniel heinry chamberlain thaa, joe ack nayaa englandwassy thaa, jisane sanyukt raajya america key rangeen sainikon kii mukhya roop seey kaali resiment key adhikaari key roop mein kaary kiya thaa. unhein 1868 seey 1872 taka dakshin carolina kaa attorney general niyukt kiya gayaa thaa aur 1874 seey 1877 taka ganarajya kaa governor chunaa gayaa thaa. 1877 key rashtriya samjhaute key parinamswarup, chamberlain ney apana pada khou diyaa. vaha ack abhiyaan mein sankeern roop seey phir seey chune gaye they, joe loktaantrik laal shirt dwara mukt kiye gaye logon key khilaf dhokhadhadi aur hinsa dwara chihnit thaa, joe kuchh bahusankhyak-kaale countiyon mein kaale vote koo dabaane mein safal rahey. dakshin carolina mein seva karate hue, chamberlain nigro adhikaaron key ack majboot samarthak they.
1930 key dashak kii shuruat key kuchh itihaaskaar, joe usa chaalaak school seey sambandhit they, joe maanate they kii punarnirmaan yug ghaatak roop seey trutipurna thaa, ney daavaa kiya kii chamberlain baad mein samajik darwinwad seey prabhaavit hocker ack shwet varchasvavaadi bunn gayaa thaa. unhone yeh bhee likhaa kii unhone arthavyavastha mein raajyon key adhikaaron aur swatantrata kaa samarthan kiya. unhone 1896 mein "swatantrata" koo samaantaa key badhate jwaar seey oopar uthane key adhikaar key roop mein chitrit kiya. chamberlain koo yeh tark dekar shwet sarvochata koo uchit thaharaane key liye kahaa gayaa thaa kii, vikaasvaadi shabdon mein, nigro spasht roop seey ack nimn samajik vyavastha seey sambandhit thaa.
massachusets key charles woodward sterns ney bhee dakshin carolina mein apane anubhav kaa ack vivaran likhaah "dakshin kaa kaalaa aadami, aur vidrohiyonh yaa, poorv kii visheshataaen aur baad vaale key halia prakop" (1873).
nae swarg, connecticut key ack ashwet mantri, francis luis cardozo ney dakshin carolina key 1868 key samvaidhaanik sammelan mein ack pratinidhi key roop mein kaary kiya. unhone vakpatu bhaashan diye jisamen unhone baganon koo todane aur mukt logon key beach vitarit karane kii vakaalat kii. way kheti key liye apani khud kii jameen chaahte they aur unakaa maanana thaa kii unhone apane varshon key binaa muaavaje key shram aur gulami key parikshanon key kaaran pahale hii bhoomi key liye bhugtan curr diyaa thaa.
louisiana.
heinry see. warmoth 1868 seey 1874 taka louisiana key ganarajya governor they. governor key roop mein, warmoth bhrashtachar key aaropon seey grast they, joe unaki mrityu key lambe samay baad bhee vivaad kaa vishay banaa rhaa. una parr apane vyaktigat laabh key liye raajya bonned mein vyaapaar karane key liye rajyapal key roop mein apane pada kaa upayog karane kaa aarop lagaaya gayaa thaa. isake alawa, jiss samachar patra company kaa vaha malik thaa, usey raajya sarkaar seey anubandh milaa. warmoth ney friedman key liye matadhikar kaa samarthan kiya.
warmoth ney una varshon key dauran raajya kaa netritva karane key liye sangharsh kiya jaba ack shwet loktaantrik aatankvaadi sangathan, shwet leag ney loktaantrik shakti aur shwet varchasva koo phir seey hassil karane key lakshyon key saath, swatantra logon sahit ganarajyiyon key khilaf hinsa aur dhamki kaa ack khula abhiyaan chalaaya. unhone gantantravadiyon koo raajneetik padon seey dhakel diyaa, koohatta narsamhar key liye jimmedaar they, gantantra key ayojan koo baadhit kiya, aur chunaavon seey pahale iss tarah kii dhamki aur hinsa key saath kii kaale matdan mein teji seey kamee aaee. punarnirmaan key baad warmoth louisiana mein rahey, kyonki shwet loktantravadiyon ney raajya parr raajneetik niyantran hassil curr liya. 1931 mein 89 varsh kii ayu mein unakaa nidhan hoe gayaa.
george luke smith, ack nyu hampshire mool nivasi, ney yuu mein kuchh samay key liye seva kii.aiss. louisiana key chauthe congressional jile seey ghar lekin 1874 mein loktaantrik villium aim dwara anakava kiya gayaa thaa. shulk. isake baad unhone sharveport koo germ jharanon, arconsus key liye chhod diyaa.
albama.
george ee. spensor ack pramukh ganarajya yuu thaa.aiss. senator. 1872 mein alabama mein unake punarnirvaachan abhiyaan ney unhein "sahyogiyon key raajneetik vishvaasghaat; sanghiya sanrakshan mein herfer; saarvajanik dhana kaa gaban; voton kii khareed; aur sanghiya sainikon kii upasthiti seey matdaataon koo daraane key aaropon key liye khol diyaa."vaha ack pareshan vittiya patra mein ack pramukh sattebaaj they.
georgia.
tunis campbelle, ack ashwet newyork vyavasaayi, koo 1863 mein yuddh sachiv advin aim dwara niyukt kiya gayaa thaa. port royal, south carolina mein poorv daason kii madad karane key liye stanton. jaba grihyuddh samaapt huaa, tou georgia key samudri dweepon koo shivir saunpa gayaa, jahan vaha swatantra logon key laabh key liye ack spasht roop seey safal bhoomi sudhaar karyakram mein lagey hue they. antatah vaha georgia republican party key upaadhyaksh, ack raajya senator aur ack african-americi milicia key pramukh bunn gaye, jiska upayog unhone koo clux clan key khilaf karane kii ummeed kii.
arconsus.
brook-baxter yuddh" ack gutt vivaad thaa, joe 1874 mein governor key liye vivaadit 1872 key chunaav parr arconsus republican party key guton key beach ack sashastr takraav mein samaapt huaa. anta mein vijeta joseph brook key netritva vaale "brindle tail" gutt parr corpetbagger elisha baxter key netritva mein "minstrail" gutt thaa, jisamen adhikansh scallwag shamil they. iss vivaad ney donon guton aur poore ganatantravaadi dall koo kamjor curr diyaa, jisase 1874 key raajya chunaavon mein vyaapak loktaantrik jeet hassil hui.
villium furbush.
villium heins farbush, joe 1839 mein kerol county, kentucky mein ack mishrit-nasl key gulam key roop mein paida hue they, ney ohiyo mein apani shiksha kaa hissa praapt kiya. vaha 1862 mein helena, arconsus chaley gaye. farwari 1865 mein ohiyo lautane key baad, way 42veen rangeen paidal senaa mein shamil hoe gaye.
yuddh key baad, furbush americi upanivesh samaaj key madhyam seey liberia chaley gaye, jahan unhone ack photographer key roop mein kaam karna jaari rakhaa. vaha 18 maheenon key baad ohiyo laut aae aur 1870 taka arconsus vaapas chaley gaye. furbush arconsus house off representatives mein dou karyakalon key liye chune gaye, 1873-74 (arconsus delta mein ack african-americi bahumat jile seey, joe phillips aur monro county seey banaa thaa.) unhone nava sthaapit lii county seey 1879-80 mein seva kii.
1873 mein raajya ney ack nagrik adhikaar kaanoon paarit kiya. bill key praathamik praayojak, raajya senator richard aeye sahit furbush aur teen anya ashwet netaa. dosson ney apane samooh kii seva karane seey incar karane key liye ack chhote seey rock barkeepar parr mukadama daayar kiya. mukadame key parinamswarup raajya key nagrik adhikaar kaanoon key tahat ekmatra safal punarnirmaan abhiyojan huaa. vidhaayika mein furbush ney phillips, crittenden, monro aur sent key hisson seey ack naee county, lii banaane key liye kaam kiya. purvi arconsus mein fraansis county, jisamen ashwet bahul aabaadi thee.
1873 key vidhaayi karyakal key anta key baad, furbush koo ganarajya key governor elisha baxter dwara county sheriff key roop mein niyukt kiya gayaa thaa. furbush ney dou baar sheriff key roop mein chunaav jeetaa, 1873 seey 1878 taka seva kii. apane karyakal key dauran, unhone "fusion" kii neeti apnai, joe loklubhavan loktantriyon aur ganrajyon key beach punarnirmaan key baad shakti-sajhakaran samjhauta thaa. furbush mool roop seey ack ganarajya key roop mein chune gaye they, lekin unhone sheriff key roop mein apane samay key anta mein loktaantrik party mein pravesh kiya. loktantravadiyon key paas adhikansh aarthik shakti thee aur unake saath sahyog karna unakaa bhavishya banaa sakata thaa.
1878 mein, furbush koo phir seey arconsus house key liye chunaa gayaa. unakaa chunaav ullekhaniya haye kyonki vaha ack abhiyaan key dauran ack ashwet loktaantrik key roop mein chune gaye they joe ashwet bahul purvi arconsus mein ashwet aur gantantra matdaataon koo safed dhamki dene key liye kukhyaat thaa. vaha arconsus mahasabha key liye chune gaye pahale gyaat ashwet loktaantrik they.
march 1879 mein furbush ney arconsus koo colorado key liye chhod diyaa. 1888 mein way arconsus laut aae aur ack vakeel key roop mein vakaalat shuru kii. 1889 mein, unhone african americi samachar patra "national democrate" kii saha-sthaapana kii."unhone 1890 key dashak mein raajya koo chhod diyaa jaba raajya ney ashwet matdaataon koo matadhikar seey vanchit curr diyaa. 1902 mein ack diggajon key ghar parr furbush kii mrityu hoe gaee.
texas.
texas mein kaaleen baggers kii sankhya cumm thee. ganrajyon ney 1867 seey janwari 1874 taka raajya sarkaar koo niyantrit kiya. kewal ack raajya adhikaari aur raajya sarvocch nyayalaya kaa ack nyayadhish uttari they. 1869 key punarnirmaan samvidhaan koo likhane vaale lagbhag 10 pratishat pratinidhiyon key saath, lagbhag 13 seey 21 pratishat jilaa adalat key nyayadhish uttari they. 12veen vidhaayika mein seva karane vaale 142 purushon mein seey kuchh 12 seey 29 uttar seey they. county star parr, uttari loga ayukton, county nyayadhishon aur sherifon kaa lagbhag 10 pratishat they.
george thompson rubi, newyork shahar key ack african americi, joe portland, maine mein paley-badhe, 1864 seey 1866 taka nyu orleans mein ack shikshak key roop mein kaam kiya jaba way texas chaley gaye. vahaan unhein galvenston koo ack agent aur friedman beuro key liye shikshak key roop mein niyukt kiya gayaa thaa. republican party mein sakriya aur 1868-1869 mein raajya samvaidhaanik sammelan key liye ack pratinidhi key roop mein chune gaye, rubi koo baad mein texas raajya senator key roop mein chunaa gayaa aur unakaa vyaapak prabhaav thaa. unhone galvenston vyavasaay kaa samarthan karane key liye rail maarg key nirmaan kaa samarthan kiya. 1870 key baad jaba loktantriyon ney 1874 mein raajya sarkaar parr niyantran hassil curr liya, tou rubi patrakaarita mein kaam karate hue nyu orleans laut aae, aur african-americi dock shramikon koo rangeen purushon key shram sangh mein sangathit karane mein unaki mahatvapurna bhoomika rahee. vaha bahishkrit andolan key netaa bhee bunn gaye. shwet varchasvavaadi hinsa aur algaav key utpeedan seey bachane key liye gahare dakshin seey ashwet loga kansas mein ghar mein chaley gaye.
itihas lekhan.
americi itihaskaron key chaalaak school (1900-1950) ney shwet varchasva kaa samarthan kiya aur "kaaleen baggers" koo pratikool roop seey dekhaa, yeh tark dete hue kii unhone raajneetik aur vyaavsaayik sanskriti koo neecha dikhaaya. 1930 key dashak mein sanshodhanvaadi school ney unhein uttari vyaavsaayik hiton kaa aadhar kahaa. 1960 key baad nava-unmoolanvaadi school ney apane naitik saahas parr jore diyaa.
aadhunik upayog.
united kingdam.
nirmaan samaaj.
"kaaleen bagg" kaa upayog 1990 key dashak key anta mein bhawan samajon key avamoolyan kii lahar key dauran grate britten mein ack shabd key roop mein kiya gayaa thaa. isane janata key sadasyon koo ingit kiya joe roopaantaran seey twarit laabh kamaane kii ummeed key saath aapsi samajon mein shamil hue.
samkaaleen roop seey, kaaleen-bagger shabd kaa arth haye vittiya avsarvaadiyon koo ghumana, joe aksar mamuli sadhanon key hotey hain, joe nivesh key avsaron koo dekhate hain aur una paristhitiyon key ack samooh seey laabh uthaane kaa lakshya rakhate hain jinake way samanya roop seey hakdar naheen hain. 2000 key dashak seey nae sadasyon key liye ack dharmarth kaary khand jaise upaayon key nirmaan samitiyon dwara vyaapak roop seey apanaae jaane taka, kaaleen baggers key liye sabse achche avsar bhawan samitiyon mein sadasyata khaate kholane seey aae they taaki roopaantaran aur adhigrahan kii prakriya seey hajaaron pound mein chalane vaale apratyaashit nuksan key liye arhata praapt kii jaa sakey. kaaleen baggers key roop mein aise asthaayi 'tokan' sadasyon key pravaah ney jamaa mandand kaa laabh uthaaya, aksar thoke demutualization kii or pravritti koo bhadkane yaa tej karane key liye.
inn parasparik roop seey nivesh karane vaale niveshakon koo naee saarvajanik companiyon mein share praapt honge, joe aamtaur parr ack sapaat darr parr vitarit kiye jaate hain, iss prakaar chhote aur badey niveshakon koo samaan roop seey laabh hotaa haye, aur sadasyon koo roopaantaran-samarthak netritva ummidvaaron key liye vote karane key liye ack vyaapak protsaahan pradaan kartaa haye. iss shabd kaa upayog pahali baar iss sandarbh mein 1997 kii shuruat mein woolwich building society key mukhya karyakari dwara kiya gayaa thaa, jinhone sambhaavit apratyaashit prabhaavon key liye sabse haal key nae bachatkartaon key huck koo hataane vaale niyamon key saath samaaj key roopaantaran kii ghoshana kii aur ack media sakshatkar mein kahaa, "mujhe kaaleen baggers koo matadhikar seey vanchit karane key baare mein koee jhijhak naheen haye."
1997 aur 2002 key beach, "roopaantaran key liye sadasyon" key samarthak samarthakon key ack samooh ney ack website, corpetbagger kaa sanchaalan kiya.comm, jisane yuke building society key saath share khaate kholane key sarvottam tarikon parr prakaash daala, aur demutualization prastaavon koo sangathit kiya.
isake kaaran kaee bhawan samitiyon ney "anty-corpetbagging" neetiyon koo lagu kiya, jaise kii samaaj key samanya sanchaalan kshetra key baahar rahane vaale grahakon seey naee jamaa raashi sweekaar naheen karna, yaa nae sadasyon key liye ack anivarya dharmarth kaary khand.
udaaharan key liye, iss shabd kaa upayog sahakaari andolan key bheetar kiya jaataa haye, udaaharan key liye, awas sahakaari sansthaon key avamoolyan koo sandarbhit karane key liye.
rajneeti.
corpetbagger" shabd una logon parr bhee lagu kiya gayaa haye joe laber party mein shamil hotey hain lekin unaki jadein usa mazdoor varg mein naheen hoti hain jiska pratinidhitva karane key liye party kaa gathan kiya gayaa thaa.
dwiteeya vishva yuddh.
dwiteeya vishva yuddh key dauran, yuu.aiss. ranneetik sevaaon key karyalaya ney europe mein pratirodh samoohon koo gupt roop seey aavashyak upkaran aur samagri kii aapoorti kii. os ney iss prayaas koo operation corpetbagger kahaa. raat key samay key missions key liye upayog kiye jaane vaale sanshodhit bee-24 vimaanon koo "kaaleen baggers" key roop mein sandarbhit kiya gayaa thaa. (anya vishesh visheshtaon key alawa, unhein khoj prakaash koo cumm dikhaai dene key liye ack gair-chamakdaar kaale rung seey chitrit kiya gayaa thaa.) janwari aur sitambar 1944 key beach, operation corpetbagger ney ingland key raaf harrington aur kabje vaale europe mein vibhinn binduon key beach 1,860 udaanon kaa sanchaalan kiya. british agents ney iss "shore" kaa upayog naamit agent key liye kaaleen key upayog key liye cover key roop mein kiya joe bhoomigat/pratirodh key liye dhana [pramanik aur nakali] leey jaa rhaa thaa.
australia.
australia mein, "corpetbagger" swadeshi australiyai kalaa mein beiman vikretaon aur vyavasaay prabandhakon koo sandarbhit curr sakata haye.
iss shabd kaa upayog nyu south wells key poorv pradhaanmantri aur sanghiya udaar vitt mantri johnn phey dwara bhee kiya gayaa thaa, joe kharaab "vyapariyon" key sandarbh mein they, jinhone 2010-2011 queensland baadh key baad peediton kaa laabh uthaane key liye queensland kii yatra kii thee.
sanyukt raajya america.
sanyukt raajya america mein, aam upayog, aamtaur parr apmaanjanak, una raajnetaon koo sandarbhit kartaa haye joe sthaaniya sambandhon yaa parichitata kii kamee key bavjood karyalaya key liye chalane key liye vibhinn raajyon, jilon yaa kshetron mein jaate hain. udaaharan key liye, jaba way pahali baar 2014 mein congress key liye daude they, taba west virginia congressman alex mooni parr ack kaaleen key roop mein hamla kiya gayaa thaa, kyonki way pahale maryland raajya senator aur maryland republican party key adhyaksh they. 2022 mein pensylvania key liye republican ummidwar senator mehmet oz parr unake pratidvandi johnn fenterman ney chunaav seey pahale maheenon taka naee jersey mein rahane key liye pramukhta seey hamla kiya thaa. fanterman ney chunaav jeet liya, kuchh logon ney daavaa kiya kii yeh hamla unaki jeet key liye mahatvapurna thaa. hileri clinton parr virodhiyon dwara kaaleen bagg key roop mein hamla kiya gayaa thaa, kyonki vaha 2000 kii senate daud seey pahale kabhi bhee newyork raajya mein naheen rahee thee yaa raajya kii rajneeti mein bhaag naheen liya thaa.
dha newyork times" key puraskar satra blogg kaa sheershak "dha corpetbagger" haye.
vyanjan.
ack kaaleen bagg steak yaa kaaleen bagger steak ack anta mein cutt kiya gayaa steak haye jise jeb mein rakhaa jaataa haye aur seepon key saath bharaa jaataa haye, anya avayavon key saath, jaise kii mashroom, neela panir aur lahsun. steak koo toothpics yaa dhaage seey tarasha jaataa haye, aur kabhi-kabhi bekan mein lapeta jaataa haye.
gomans aur seep kaa sanyojan paaramparik haye. sabse pahala vishisht sandarbh 1891 mein sanyukt raajya america key ack samachar patra mein haye. sabse pahala vishisht australiyai sandarbh 1899 aur 1907 key beach ack mudrit nuskha haye.
france.
rajneeti.
francisi rajneeti mein, kaaleen bagg koo "parachute" key roop mein jaanaa jaataa haye, jiska arth french mein "parachute" haye.

