passover sedder

pasphore sedder (, 'pasphore order/vyavastha';) pasphore key yahudi avkash kii shuruat mein ack anushthaan dawat haye. yeh hibru calender (i.ee., 15 tarikh kii shuruat mein; ack hibru dinn suryast seey shuru hotaa haye). yeh dinn march key anta mein yaa gregarian calender key aprail mein padata haye; passover israel mein saat dinon aur israel key baahar aathh dinon taka rahata haye. yahudi paaramparik roop seey ack sedder kaa paalan karate hain yadi israel mein aur dou (pahali dou raaton mein seey pratyek parr ack) yadi yahudi pravaasi mein. sedder ack anushthaan haye jisamen pracheen misra mein gulami seey israeliyon kii mukti kii kahani koo phir seey bataaya gayaa haye, joe torah mein nirgaman ("sheemot") kii pustak seey liya gayaa haye. seeder swayam bibil kii kavita parr adharit haye joe yahoodiyon koo misra seey palayan kii kahani koo phir seey bataane kaa adesh detee haih "aap usa dinn apane bachche koo yeh kahakar bataayenge, 'yeh isaliye haye kyonki jaba main misra seey baahar aaya tou prabhu ney merey liye kyaa kiya thaa. (nirgaman 13:8) seeder mein, yahudi haggada key paath koo padhate they, joe ack pracheen tanaitik kaary thaa. haggadah mein misra seey israel key palayan, vishesh aashirvaad aur anushthaan, taalmudik tippaniyan aur passover geeton kaa varnan haye.
sedder reeti-rivaajon mein kahani sunana, kahani parr charcha karna, chaar cup sharaab peena, matza khaana, prateekaatmak khaadya padarthon mein bhaag lena aur swatantrata key utsav mein letna shamil haye. sedder sabse aam taur parr manaae jaane vaale yahudi anushthaanon mein seey ack haye, joe duniya bhar mein yahoodiyon dwara kiya jaataa haye.
avalokan.
seeder aksar parivaar key ghar mein aayojit kiya jaataa haye, halanki sampradayik sedder bhee aradhanalayon, schools aur samudayik kendron dwara aayojit kiye jaate hain, jinamen seey kuchh aam janata key liye khule hotey hain. mehmaanon, vishesh roop seey ajnabiyon aur jaruratmandon koo aamantrit karane kii pratha haye. yahudi vishvaas aur pehchaan key liye sedder abhinn anga haih jaisa kii haggadah mein samajhaaya gayaa haye, yadi divya hastakshep aur palayan key liye naheen, tou yahudi loga abhee bhee misra mein gulam honge. isaliye, sedder prashansa aur dhanyavaad dene aur mukti key vichaar koo phir seey samarpit karane kaa ack avsar haye. isake alawa, yahudi dharm key daadaa-daadi seey bachche mein aur ack peedhi seey doosari peedhi mein sanchaar key liye seeder key shabd aur anushthaan ack praathamik vaahan hain. nashwar parv parr ack sedder mein bhaag lena aur matazaa khaana una logon key beach bhee ack vyaapak pratha haye joe dhaarmik roop seey paalan naheen karate hain.
parivaar key sadasya apane chhuttiyon key kapadon mein mez parr aatey hain. ack roodhivaadi ashkenazi parampara haye joe ack vyakti key liye ack safed vastra pahanane key liye netritva kartaa haye jise kittel kahaa jaataa haye. seeder key pahale aadhe key liye, pratyek pratibhaagi koo kewal ack plate aur ack sharaab key gillas kii aavashyakta hogi. mez key sheersh parr ack seeder plate hoti haye jisamen vibhinn prateekaatmak khaadya padaarth hotey hain jinhen seeder key dauran khaaya yaa ingit kiya jaayega. paas mein teen matzot aur dubki lagaane key liye namak key paani key bartanon vaali ack thaali rakhee gaee haye.
pratyek pratibhaagi koo haggadah kii ack prati praapt hoti haih ack pracheen paath jisamen poorna sedder seva shamil hoti haye. purush aur mahilaaen samaan roop seey baadhya hain aur seeder mein bhaag lene key liye paatr hain. paaramparik roop seey, sedder table parr pratyek pratibhaagi mool hibru aur arami mein haggadah kaa paath kartaa haye. halkha (yahudi dhaarmik kaanoonon kaa saamoohik nikaay) key liye aavashyak haye kii kuchh bhaagon koo bhasha mein kahaa jaae jise pratibhaagi samajh sakate hain, aur mahatvapurna bhaagon koo aksar hibru aur mool bhasha donon mein kahaa jaataa haye. netaa aksar apane bachchon key saath vibhinn binduon parr charcha karane key liye, yaa shabdon key arth yaa vyakhya mein ack antardrishti pradaan karane key liye padhane mein baadha daaltaa haye.
kuchh gharon mein, pratibhaagi baari-baari seey mool hibru yaa anuvaad mein haggadah key paath kaa paath karate hain. ghar key mukhiya aur anya pratibhagiyon key liye atirikt aaraam key liye unake peechhe takiye rakhna paaramparik haye. seeder key dauran kaee binduon parr, pratibhaagi baain or jhukate hain-jaba chaar cup sharaab peete hain, afikoman khaate hain, aur corec sandwich khaate hain.
yahudi aam taur parr ack yaa dou sedder kaa paalan karate hainh israel mein, ack sedder passover kii pahali raat koo manaaya jaataa haye; paaramparik pravaasi samudaay (sudhaar aur punarnirmaanvaadi yahoodiyon key samanya apavaad key liye) bhee doosari raat koo ack sedder aayojit karate hain. kathmandu, nepal mein himalaya pahaadon jaise dooradraj key sthaanon mein sedder duniya bhar mein dekhe gaye hain.
seeder key vishay.
gulami aur swatantrata.
anushthaan aur prateekaatmak khaadya padaarth shaam key judvaan vishayon koo ujagar karate hainh gulami aur swatantrata. haggadah mein kahaa gayaa haye kii "harr peedhi mein harr koee khud koo aisaa dekhane key liye baadhya haye jaise kii way khud misra seey baahar aae houn"-i.ee., gulami seey baahar.
yahoodiyon key liye samay kaa pratipaadan yeh haye kii ack dinn suryast seey shuru hotaa haye aur suryast parr samaapt hotaa haye. nirgaman kathaa key anusaar, pracheen misra mein 15veen nissan kii shuruat mein, yahudi logon koo firaun key gulam banaa diyaa gayaa thaa. madhyaraatri mein misra parr hamla karane key baad, firaun key pahale janme seey laker sabse nichale misra key pahale janme taka sabhi pahale janme beton koo maar daala, aur desh mein sabhi pahale janme pashuon koo (nirgaman 12:29), firaun ney hebru rashtra koo jaane diyaa, jisase way raat key dusare aadhe samay key liye prabhaavi roop seey swatantra hoe gaye.
iss prakaar, sedder pratibhagiyon koo usa gulami kaa smaran hotaa haye joe raat key pahale aadhe samay mein matza ("garib vyakti kii rotty"), maror (kadvi jadee-bootiyaan joe gulami kii kadvaahat kaa prateek hain), aur charoset (ack meethaa pest, sambhavatah mortar kaa pratinidhitva kartaa haye jise yahudi gulam eenton koo cement karane key liye upayog karate they) khaate hue shasson karati thee. raat key dusare bhaag kii swatantrata koo yaad karate hue, way matazaa ("swatantrata kii rotty" key saath-saath "peedaa kii rotty") aur "afikoman" khaate hain, aur chaar cup sharaab peete hain, ack letane kii sthiti mein, aur sabjiyon koo namak key paani mein dubote hain (dubki raajatva aur swatantrata kaa sanket haye).
chaar cup.
seeder key dauran chaar cup sharaab peene kaa daayitva haye. mishna kahati haye (paces. 10: 1) kii garib bhee chaar cup peene key liye baadhya hain. pratyek cup koo seeder mein ack vishisht bindu parr aatmasaat kiya jaataa haye. pahala kiddush (κιδος) key liye haye, doosara 'maigid' (γιδ) key liye haye, teesara birkat hamazon (βρκτ θ θMZOAN) key liye haye aur chautha hallel (θELL) key liye haye.
chaar cup bhagwan dwara vaadaa kiye gaye mukti key chaar abhivyaktiyon kaa pratinidhitva karate hainh "main baahar laauunga", "main vitarit karuungaa", "main chhudaaunga", aur "main leey loonga."
vilna gaon chaar cup koo chaar duniyaon seey sambandhit kartaa haih yeh duniya, masihi yug, mritakon key punrutthan parr duniya, aur aaney vaali duniya. mahal unhein chaar matrisatton seey jodata haih sarah, rebekka, rechel aur leh. (teen matzot, badale mein, teen kulpatiyon seey judey hue hainh abraham, isaq aur jacob.) aberbanel cup koo yahudi logon key chaar aitihaasik vimochanon seey sambandhit kartaa haih abraham kaa chayan, misra seey palayan, poore nirvaasan key dauran yahudi logon kaa astitva, aur chautha joe dinon key anta mein hoga.
chaar cup bhee roman reeti koo pratibimbit curr sakate hain kii way jitane cup peete hain utane hii cup khaane mein mukhya atithi key naam parr akshar hotey hain, joe kii seeder key mamle mein swayam bhagwan hotey hain jinake hibru naam mein chaar akshar hotey hain.
seeder plate.
vishesh passover sedder plate ("key 'aaraa") vishesh plate haye jisamen passover sedder key dauran upayog kiye jaane vaale prateekaatmak khaadya padaarth hotey hain. plate parr vyavasthit chhah vastuon mein seey pratyek kaa misra seey palayan kii kahani koo phir seey kahane key liye vishesh mahatva haye. bhojan key dauran upayog kii jaane vaali saatvin prateekaatmak vastu-teen matzot kaa ack dher-koo seeder table parr apani plate parr rakhaa jaataa haye.
seeder plate parr chhah vastuein hainh
bachchon parr dhyaan dein.
choonki apane bachche koo palayan kii punah soochana denaa hii seeder anubhav kaa uddeshya haye, isaliye bachchon kii ruchi aur jigyasa koo jagaane aur bhojan key dauran unhein jaagate rakhane key liye bahut prayaas kiya jaataa haye. usa anta taka, prashn aur uttar sedder anushthaan mein ack kendriya upkaran hain. bachchon koo sawal poochhane key liye protsaahit karane seey way jawab sunane key liye adhik khule honge.
sabse prasiddh sawal joe sabse chhota bachcha seeder mein poochata haye vaha haye "maa nishtana"-'yeh raat anya sabhi raaton seey alag kyon haye?'iss prashn key poochhane key baad, sedder kaa mukhya bhaag, "magid", ack aitihaasik sameeksha key roop mein uttaron parr charcha kartaa haye. saath hii, seeder mein vibhinn binduon parr, seeder kaa netaa matzot koo dhaka dega aur apane sharaab key cup koo uthaayega; phir sharaab kaa cup neeche rakh dega aur matzot koo ujagar karega-sabhi bachchon seey sawal uthaane key liye.
kuchh paramparaon mein, prashn ack bachche key bajaay samooh mein ekatrit company dwara poochhe jaate hain, aur sedder key netaa key paas rakhe jaate hain, joe yaa tou prashn kaa uttar detaa haye yaa ekatrit company kaa dhyaan kissy aise vyakti kii or leey jaa sakata haye joe usa vishesh bhaag koo baahar nikaal rhaa haye. passover sedder key dauran palayan kaa bhautik punah adhiniyaman kaee parivaaron aur samudaayon mein aam haye.
parivaar haggadaah mein vibhinn binduon parr apane swayam key prashn poochhakar aur sahee uttaron key liye nuts aur candy jaise puraskar pradaan karke haggadaah key netritva kaa paalan karenge. afikoman", joe bhojan key baad "mithaai" key liye chhipa huaa haye, bachchon kii bhagidari koo protsaahit karane key liye upayog kiya jaane vaalaa ack aur upkaran haye. adhikansh parivaaron mein, seeder kaa netaa "afikoman" koo chhupaata haye aur bachchon koo ise dhoondhana chaahiye, jisake baad unhein puraskar yaa puraskar milata haye. anya gharon mein, bachche "afikoman" koo chhipaate hain aur maataa-pitaa koo ise dekhana chaahiye; jaba maataa-pitaa haar maan lete hain, tou bachche isake sthaan kaa khulasa karane key liye puraskar (aksar paise) kii maang karate hain.
seeder kaa adesh.
seeder key crum aur prakriyaon koo kahaa jaataa haye aur pasphore haggadah key paath mein mudrit kiya jaataa haye, jisaki ack prati sabhi pratibhagiyon key saamane hoti haye. yahudi bachche nimnalikhit shabd seekhate hain, joe apane yahudi schools mein ack tukbandi aur dhuna key saath sedder key crum koo darshaate hainh
"kadish" (aashirvaad aur sharaab kaa pahala cup).
"kadish" kadish "" kiddush "" key liye anivarya haye.  jaise hii aradhanalaya kii sevaayen samaapt hoe jaaen, iska paath kiya jaanaa chaahiye, lekin raat honey seey pahale naheen. yeh "kiddush" usee key samaan haye joe teenon tirthayatra tyohaaron parr padhaa jaataa haye, lekin yeh matzot aur misra seey palayan koo bhee sandarbhit kartaa haye. swatantrata aur mahima koo darshaane vaale tareeke seey kaam karate hue, kaee yahoodiyon mein ack-dusare key cup koo seeder table parr bharane kii pratha haye. paaramparik roop seey kiddush koo ghar key pitaa dwara kahaa jaataa haye, lekin sabhi seeder pratibhaagi kiddush kaa paath karke aur sharaab key pahale cup kaa cumm seey cumm ack badaa hissa peaker bhaag leey sakate hain. shabbat parr, isase pahale utpatti kii pustak seey ack paath hotaa haye jisamen srishti key saatven dinn bhagwan key vishram kaa varnan kiya jaataa haye aur isamen shabbat key aashirvaad parr ack vistaarit doxology shamil hoti haye.
"archatz" (haath dhona).
takniki roop seey, yahudi kaanoon key anusaar, jaba bhee koee bhee taral mein doobe hue falon yaa sabjiyon kaa hissa banata haye, tou aggar phal yaa sabji geeli rahati haye tou usey apane haath dhone chaahiye. haalaanki, varsh key anya samay mein, koee yaa tou rotty khaane seey pahale hii apane haath dhou chuka haye, yaa phal yaa sabji koo sukhaa chuka haye, iss mamle mein kissy koo phal yaa sabji khaane seey pahale apane haath dhone kii aavashyakta naheen haye.
adhikansh paramparaon key anusaar, rotty khaane seey pahale haath dhone parr diye gaye aashirvaad key vipareet, iss bindu parr seeder mein koee aashirvaad naheen diyaa jaataa haye. haalaanki, rambam yaa vilna key gaanv key anuyaayi ack aashirvaad kaa paath karate hain.
"karpas" (bhookh badhaane vaalaa).
pratyek pratibhaagi ack sabji koo yaa tou "namak key paani" (ashkenazi pratha; unake gulam poorvajon dwara bahaye gaye aansuu key anusmaarak key roop mein kaam karane key liye kahaa jaataa haye), "sirka" (sephardi pratha) yaa "charoset" (purani sephardi pratha; abhee bhee yaman key yahoodiyon mein aam haye) mein dubota haye. kuchh ashkenazi sroton mein ullikhit ack anya pratha aur shayed rothenberg key meer seey utpann hui, "sharaab" mein kaarpaon koo dubki lagaana thaa.
"yachatz" (beach key matazaa koo todana).
teen matzot koo seeder table parr rakhaa jaataa haye; iss star parr, teenon key beach kaa maitzah aadhe mein toot jaataa haye. badaa tukada chhipa huaa haye, jise baad mein bhojan key baad "afikoman", "mithaai" key roop mein upayog kiya jaayega. chhote tukade koo anya dou matzot key beach apane sthaan parr vaapas curr diyaa jaataa haye.
morocan yahudi pratha yeh haye kii jaba matazaa vibhajit hotaa haye, tou ack ansh kaa paath kiya jaataa haye jisamen varnan kiya jaataa haye kii kaise "iss tarah seey bhagwan ney palayan key baad laal samudra koo vibhajit kiya".
jaadoo seey pahale, kuchh sephardi parivaaron mein "bibhilu yaatzaanu mee-mitzraim" gaane kii pratha haye-(anuvaadah "jaldbaji mein hamane misra chhod diyaa"). jaba yeh gaaya jaa rhaa hotaa haye, tou ghar kaa mukhiya seeder plate key saath mez key chaaron or ghoomata haye aur ise pratyek vyakti key sir parr laharaata haye.
"magid" (palayan seey sambandhit).
pasphore kii kahani aur gulami seey swatantrata mein parivartan bataaya gayaa haye. iss samay, morakko key yahoodiyon mein "bivilu yaatzaanu mimitzreim, halahama annie bee 'nee horin" (jaldbaji mein humm misra seey [apani] peedaa kii rotty key saath baahar chaley gaye, [abb humm] swatantra loga hain) kaa jaap karate hue upasthit sabhi logon key sir parr sedder plate uthaane kii pratha haye.
"haa lachma annie" (seeder koo nimantran).
matzot koo khula kiya jaataa haye, aur ise "peedaa kii rotty" key roop mein sandarbhit kiya jaataa haye. pratibhaagi una sabhi koo (arami mein) aamantrit karate hain joe bhookhe hain yaa jaruratmand hain. halkha key liye aavashyak haye kii iss nimantran koo desh kii mool bhasha mein dohraya jaae.
"maah nishtana" (chaar prashn).
mishna vivaran prashn joe ack vyakti koo seeder kii raat koo poochhana anivarya haye. sabse chhote bachche key liye chaar prashnon kaa paath karna prathaagat haye. kuchh reeti-rivaajon kaa maanana haye kii anya pratibhaagi unhein chupchaap khud key liye bhee padhaate hain. kuchh parivaaron mein, iska matlab haye kii aavashyakta taba taka ack vayask "bachche" parr bunny rahati haye jaba taka kii parivaar key potey koo jimmedaari lene key liye paryaapt yahudi shiksha praapt naheen hoe jaati. yadi kissy vyakti key paas poochhane mein saksham koee bachche naheen hain, tou jimmedaari unake jeevansathi yaa kissy anya pratibhaagi kii haye. poochhane kii aavashyakta itani adhik haye kii aggar koee vyakti seeder mein akela haye tou bhee way khud seey poochhane aur apane swayam key prashnon kaa uttar dene key liye baadhya hain.
"kyaa nishtaana haye laila haye mikkol halayalot?"
yeh raat anya sabhi raaton seey alag kyon haye?
bhunaa huaa maans khaane key baare mein ack prashn key liye pratisthaapan key baare mein prashn, joe mishna mein maujood thaa, lekin mandir key vinash key baad isaki aprayuktata key kaaran baad mein adhikaariyon dwara hataa diyaa gayaa thaah
vinash key baad bhunaa huaa balidan abb sambhav naheen thaa, aur isaliye aspashtata seey bachane key liye, bhunaa huaa maans koo seeder raat mein aswikar curr diyaa gayaa thaa.
inn prashnon key uttar nimnalikhit key saath diye gaye hainh
inn chaar prashnon kaa 300 seey adhik bhaashaon mein anuvaad kiya gayaa haye.
chaar bete.
paaramparik haggada "chaar beton" kii baat kartaa haye-ack joe buddhiman haye, ack joe dusht haye, ack joe saral haye, aur ack joe poochhana naheen jaanata haye. yeh jerusalam talmud key rabbiyon parr adharit haye joe aapke bete key jawab mein torah mein chaar sandarbh paate hain joe ack sawal poochata haye. inn beton mein seey pratyek ney seeder key baare mein apane prashn koo alag tareeke seey prastut kiya. haggada pratyek bete koo usake prashn key anusaar jawab dene kii salah detaa haye, jisamen iss adaan-pradaan kaa ullekh karane vaale torah key teen chhand mein seey ack kaa upayog kiya jaataa haye.
buddhiman putra poochata haye "way kaun seey kaanoon, gawahi aur kaanoon hain joe bhagwan ney hamein karane kaa adesh diyaa haye?"iss bahut hii vistrit-unmukh prashn koo buddhiman key roop mein vargeekrit kyon kiya gayaa haye, iska ack spashteekaran yeh haye kii buddhiman putra kissy aur seey isake arth kii samajh maangane key bajaay, seeder koo kaise puuraa karna haye, yeh seekhane kii koshish curr rhaa haye. usey puuraa jawab diyaa jaataa haih
"aapako usey pesach key sabhi niyamon key saath jawab denaa chaahieh pascal balidan key baad koee bhee mithaai naheen khaa sakata haye."
dusht betaa, joe poochata haye, "yeh seva aapke liye kyaa haye?", haggadah kii visheshta haye kii vaha yahudi logon seey khud koo alag curr rhaa haye, nishpaksh roop seey khadaa haye aur bhaag lene key bajaay unake vyavhaar koo dekh rhaa haye. isaliye, vaha iss spashteekaran seey fatkaar lagaa haye kii "aisaa isaliye haye kyonki jaba" main "misra seey nikla tou bhagwan ney" merey "liye kaam kiya."(iska tatparya haye kii seeder dusht bete key liye naheen haye kyonki dusht betaa misra kii gulami seey mukt honey kaa hakdar naheen hotaa.) jahaan chaar beton koo haggadah mein chitrit kiya gayaa haye, iss bete koo aksar hathiyar leey jaane yaa stylish samkaaleen fashion pahanane key roop mein chitrit kiya gayaa haye.
sadharan betaa, joe poochata haye, "yeh kyaa haye?"iska uttar diyaa jaataa haye" ack majboot haath seey sarvashaktimaan ney hamein misra seey, bandhan key ghar seey baahar nikala."
aur joe poochhana naheen jaanata haye usey bataaya jaataa haye, "yeh isaliye haye kyonki jaba maine misra chhoda tou sarvashaktimaan ney merey liye kyaa kiya thaa."
kuchh aadhunik haggadon mein "putron" key bajaay "bachchon" kaa ullekh haye, aur kuchh ney paanchven bachche koo jodaa haye. paanchvaan bachcha shoa key bachchon kaa pratinidhitva curr sakata haye joe ack sawal poochhane key liye jeevit naheen rahey yaa una yahoodiyon kaa pratinidhitva curr sakate hain joe yahudi jeevan seey itane door chaley gaye hain kii way ack sedder mein bhaag naheen lete hain.
poorv key liye, parampara yeh haye kii usa bachche key liye humm poochate hain "kyon?"aur, sadharan bachche kii tarah, hamaare paas koee jawab naheen haye.
"jaao aur seekh low.
isake baad vyavasthaavivaran (26:5-8) mein chaar chhandon koo ack vistrit, paaramparik tippani key saath vyakhya kii jaati haye. (5. aur tuu apane prabhu parameshwar key saamane yeh kahega kii 'ack bhatakata huaa arami meraa pitaa thaa, aur way misra mein utar gaye, aur vahaan kuchh hii logon ney pravaas kiya; aur vahaan ack mahaan, shaktishali aur aabaadi vaalaa rashtra bunn gayaa. 6. aur misra key logon ney hamaare saath buraa vyavhaar kiya, aur hamein peedit kiya, aur humm parr kathor bandhan lagaa diyaa. 7. aur humm apane maataa-pitaa key devta, prabhu seey pukaarte rahey, aur prabhu ney hamari aavaaz sunee, aur hamari peedaa, aur hamari mehnat aur hamaare utpeedan koo dekhaa. 8 aur prabhu hamein ack majboot haath aur ack faila huaa haath, aur mahaan bhayanakta, aur sanketon aur chamatkaron key saath misra seey baahar leey aaya.")
haggadah una chhandon key arth kii khoj kartaa haye, aur kahani koo sushobhit kartaa haye. yeh kathan yahudi logon kii gulami aur bhagwan dwara unake chamatkari moksh kaa varnan kartaa haye. yeh duss vipattiyon kii ganana mein samaapt hotaa haih
duss vipattiyon key paath key saath, ack dair seey pratha haye, joe german-yahudi halakon mein utpann hui, kii pratyek pratibhaagi duss vipattiyon mein seey pratyek key ullekh parr ack ungaliyon kaa upayog karke apane cup seey sharaab kii ack boond nikaalata haye. haalaanki yeh raat moksh kii haye, donn isaq abravanel bataate hain kii jaba bhagwan key kuchh praniyon koo peedit honah padata haye tou koee poori tarah seey khush naheen hoe sakata haye. plaig key liye ack smriti sankshipt naam bhee pesh kiya gayaa haih "dee 'tjutch adash bee' aachaav", isi tarah pratyek shabd key liye sharaab kii ack boond failaate hue.
iss bhaag mein, sedder mein, prashansa key geet gaaye jaate hain, jisamen "denu" geet bhee shamil haye, joe yeh ghoshana kartaa haye kii aggar bhagwan ney yahudi logon key liye kiye gaye kaee karyon mein seey koee ack kiya hotaa, tou yeh hamein dhanyavaad dene key liye baadhya karane key liye paryaapt hotaa. kuchh loga isake bajaay "mahilaaon kaa denu" gaate hain, joe michel landsberg dwara "denu" kaa ack nariwadi sanskaran haye.
denu" key baad shaastriya sroton key saath pascal bhed key bachche, matazaa aur maror kii aagyaon key karanon kii ghoshana (rabban gamliel dwara anivarya) haye. phir ack chhoti prarthana kaa anusaran kartaa haye, aur hallel key pahale dou bhajanon kaa paath (joe bhojan key baad samaapt hoga). ack lamba aashirvaad padhaa jaataa haye, aur sharaab kaa doosara cup piyaa jaataa haye.
"rohtaza" (haath dhone kaa anushthaan).
haath dhone kaa anushthaan dohraya jaataa haye, iss baar aashirvaad sahit sabhi reeti-rivaajon key saath.
"motee" (matazaa parr aashirvaad).
dou aashirvaad diye jaate hain.
pahale ack vyakti rotty khaane seey pahale maanak aashirvaad kaa paath kartaa haye, jisamen "joe aage laataa haye" (ibri mein motzi) shabd shamil hain.
"matazaa".
phir koee vyakti matazaa khaane kii aagya key sambandh mein aashirvaad kaa paath kartaa haye.
ack zaitoon key aakar kaa tukada (kuchh kahate hain kii dou) taba baain or jhukate hue khaaya jaataa haye.
"meror" (kadvi jadee-bootiyaan).
maror (kadvi jadee-bootiyaan) khaane key liye aashirvaad kaa paath kiya jaataa haye aur phir ise khaaya jaataa haye.
"corec" (sandwich).
marror (kadvi jadee booty) koo matzo key dou chhote tukadon key beach rakhaa jaataa haye, isi tarah ack sandwich kii samagri koo rotty key dou tukadon key beach rakhaa jaataa haye, aur khaaya jaataa haye. yeh hillel kii parampara kaa anusaran kartaa haye, jisane 2000 saal pahale apani seeder table parr aisaa hii kiya thaa (sivaay isake kii hillel key dinn pascal balidan, matjo aur maror koo ack saath khaaya jaataa thaa.)
"shulchan orech" (bhojan).
tyauhar kaa bhojan khaaya jaataa haye. paaramparik roop seey yeh namak key paani mein doobe hue ack kathor ubale hue andey seey shuru hotaa haye, joe seeder plate parr jaley hue andey koo sandarbhit kartaa haye. yiddish mein ack kahawat haih jiska arth haye "humm mez banaate hain aur machhali khaate hain.
"zaafun" ("afikomaan" kaa khaana).
afikoman", joe pahale sedder mein chhipa huaa thaa, paaramparik roop seey sedder mein pratibhagiyon dwara khaae jaane vaale bhojan kaa antim tukada haye.
pratyek pratibhaagi koo "afikoman" key roop mein khaane key liye matzo kaa ack olive-aakar kaa hissa praapt hotaa haye. afikoman" key sevan key baad, paaramparik roop seey, baaki raat key liye koee anya bhojan naheen khaaya jaa sakata haye. isake alawa, sharaab key shesh dou cup key apavaad key saath, koee maadak peya naheen liya jaa sakata haye.
"berrich" (bhojan key baad anugrah).
birkat hamazon kaa paath.
"cos schlishy" (sharaab kaa teesara cup).
sharaab kaa teesara cup peena.
notah bhojan key baad anugrah seey pahale paaramparik roop seey teesara cup daala jaataa haye kyonki teesara cup vishesh avsaron parr bhojan key baad anugrah seey judey aashirvaad key cup key roop mein bhee kaary kartaa haye.
"cos shale eliahu haa-navee" (eliah paigambar kaa cup); mariam kaa cup.
kaee paramparaon mein, iss samay ghar kaa agala darwaja khola jaataa haye. bhajan 79:6-7 kaa paath ashkenazi aur sephardi donon paramparaon mein kiya jaataa haye, saath hii ashkenazim key beach vilaap 3:66 bhee.
adhikansh ashkenazim mein iss samay chautha aur paanchvaan cup donon bharane kii pratha haye. yeh ack talmudic charcha seey sambandhit haye joe una kapon kii sankhya seey sambandhit haye jinhen peeya jaanaa chaahiye. yeh dekhate hue kii chaar cup palayan mein mukti kii chaar abhivyaktiyon key sandarbh mein hain, kuchh rabbiyon ney mahsoos kiya kii palayan 6:8 mein mukti kii paanchvin abhivyakti key liye paanchvaan cup shamil karna mahatvapurna thaa. sabhi iss baat parr sahmat they kii paanch cup daala jaanaa chaahiye lekin yeh sawal kii paanchvaan nashe mein honah chaahiye yaa naheen, yeh dekhate hue kii israel kii bhoomi mein laae jaane vaale mukti kii paanchvin abhivyakti, joe iss star taka-abb ack swaayatt yahudi samudaay key kabje mein naheen thee, aghulansheel rahee. rabbiyon ney nirdhaarit kiya kii mamla eliah taka chhod diyaa jaanaa chaahiye (iss dhaarana key sandarbh mein kii eliah key aagaman seey moshiyah (yahudi masiha) kaa aagaman hoga, jiss samay sabhi halakhi prashn hull hoe jaayenge) aur paanchven cup koo "cos shale eliahu" ("eliah kaa cup") key roop mein jaanaa jaane lagaa. samay key saath, loga iss cup koo iss dhaarana seey jodate hue aae kii eliah pratyek yahudi ghar mein seeder raat koo apane bhavishya key aagaman kii poorv-chhaaya key roop mein jaayega, jaba vaha moshiach key aaney kii ghoshana karane key liye aayega, aur usake pravesh key liye darwaja khol diyaa jaayega.
kuchh sedder (mool mahila sedder sahit, lekin kewal mahilaaon taka seemit naheen) abb paigambar miriam key liye ack cup key saath-saath paigambar eliah key liye paaramparik cup bhee taiyar karate hain, kabhi-kabhi miriam key sammaan mein ack anushthaan key saath. miriam cup kii utpatti 1980 key dashak mein ack boston rosh chodesh samooh mein hui thee; iska aavishkaar stephany luu dwara kiya gayaa thaa, jinhone ise mayim hayim (jeevit jall) seey bharaa aur iska upayog nirdeshit dhyaan key nariwadi samaroh mein kiya. miriam kaa cup miriam key kuein key "midrash" seey judaa huaa haye, joe "ack rabbik kinvadanti haye joe ack chamatkaarik kuein key baare mein bataati haye joe misra seey palayan key dauran registan mein israeliyon key 40 varshon key dauran unake saath thaa.
"hallel" (prashansa key geet).
halel kaa puuraa crum joe aamtaur parr yahudi chhuttiyon parr aradhanalaya mein padhaa jaataa haye, usey bhee seeder table parr padhaa jaataa haye, halanki neeche baithe hue. bhojan seey pahale pahale dou bhajan, 113 aur 114 kaa paath kiya gayaa thaa. shesh bhajan 115-118, iss bindu parr padhe jaate hain. bhajan 136 (mahaan hallel) kaa paath kiya jaataa haye, usake baad "nishmat", shabbat aur tyohaaron key liye subah kii seva kaa ack hissa hotaa haye.
paragraph "yehleluka" key baare mein kaee raay hain joe aam taur parr hallel kaa anusaran karate hain, aur "yishtabakh", joe aam taur parr "nishmat" kaa anusaran kartaa haye. adhikansh ashkenazim halel proper key turant baad "yehleluka" kaa paath karate hain.ee. bhajan 118 key anta mein, samaapan shabdon koo chhodkar. nishmat key baad, way "yishtabakh" kaa poori tarah seey paath karate hain. sephardim nishmat key baad akele "yehleluka" kaa paath karate hain.
isake baad chautha cup sharaab pee lii jaati haye aur "bell key phal" key liye ack sankshipt aashirvaad kahaa jaataa haye.
"nitzah.
sedder ack prarthana key saath samaapt hotaa haye kii raat kii seva sweekaar kii jaae. masiha key liye ack aashaa vyakt kii jaati haih "ll 'shaana habaa' hah bub 'yerushalime!"-agale saal jerusalam mein!"israel mein yahudi, aur vishesh roop seey joe jerusalam mein hain, isake bajaay" "ll 'shaana habaa' hah bub 'yerushalayeem hubb' nuyah!"-agale saal punarnirmit jerusalam mein!"jerusalam bible mein sabse pavitra shahar haye; yeh aadhyatmik poornata key vichaar kaa prateek bunn gayaa haye. agale saal jerusalam mein" kahane kii parampara elijah key liye darwaja kholane kii parampara key samaan haih yeh maanata haye kii "iss saal" humm "jerusalam" key baahar ack apoorna duniya mein rahate hain, lekin humm dhairyapoorvak ack samay kaa intezar karate hain, ummeed haye kii "agale saal", jisamen humm aadhyatmik poornata mein rahate hain.
haalaanki seeder key 15 adesh poore hoe chuke hain, haggadah atirikt geeton key saath samaapt hotaa haye joe pracheen misra mein iss raat key saath-saath poore itihas mein hue chamatkaron koo aage bataate hain. kuchh geet prarthana vyakt karate hain kii jald hii beit hamikdash kaa punarnirmaan kiya jaayega. gaaya jaane vaalaa antim geet "chaad gadyaa" ("ack bachcha bakri") haye. vibhinn jaanvaron aur logon key baare mein yeh bachkaanaa geet, jinhone apane apraadhon key liye dusaron koo dandit karane kaa prayaas kiya aur badale mein khud koo dandit kiya gayaa, kii vyakhya vilna gaon dwara yahudi logon key dushmanon parr pratishodh devta dwara lagaae jaane vaale pratishodh key roop mein kii gaee thee.
seeder key baad, joe abhee bhee jaag rahey hain, way geeton kaa paath curr sakate hain, torah seekhane mein sanlagn hoe sakate hain, yaa jaba taka neend unhein paar naheen curr letee, taba taka palayan kii ghatnaaon key baare mein baat karna jaari rakh sakate hain.
gair-paaramparik sedder.
nariwadi sedders.
1976 mein, kewal mahilaaon key liye passover sedders kii ack shrinkhala kaa pahala ayojan esther aim mein kiya gayaa thaa. bronner kaa newyork shahar kaa apartment aur usake netritva mein, 13 mahilaaon key saath, jisamen gloria steinum, letty cottin pogrebin aur philis chesler shamil hain. esther bronner aur naomi nimrod ney iss sedder mein upayog key liye ack mahila haggada banaaya. 1976 key vasant mein esther bronner ney iss "mahilaaon key haggadah" koo ms mein prakaashit kiya. patrika, baad mein ise 1994 mein ack pustak key roop mein prakaashit karati haye; iss haggadaah kaa uddeshya mahilaaon koo shamil karna haye jahaan paaramparik haggadaah mein kewal purushon kaa ullekh kiya gayaa thaa, aur isamen buddhiman mahilaaon, chaar betiyon, mahilaaon key prashnon, mahilaaon kii vipattiyon aur ack mahila-kendrit "dayanu" koo dikhaaya gayaa haye. mool mahila satra 1976 seey harr saal mahilaaon key satra key saath aayojit kiya jaataa rhaa haye, aur abb kuchh mandaliyon dwara kewal mahilaaon key satra bhee aayojit kiye jaate hain. kuchh sedder (mool mahila sedder sahit, lekin kewal mahilaaon taka seemit naheen) abb paigambar miriam key liye ack cup key saath-saath paigambar eliah key liye paaramparik cup bhee taiyar karate hain, saath hii miriam key sammaan mein ack anushthaan bhee karate hain. miriam cup kii utpatti 1980 key dashak mein ack boston rosh chodesh samooh mein hui thee; iska aavishkaar stephany luu dwara kiya gayaa thaa, jinhone ise mayim hayim (jeevit jall) seey bharaa aur iska upayog nirdeshit dhyaan key nariwadi samaroh mein kiya. miriam kaa cup miriam key kuein key "midrash" seey judaa huaa haye, joe "ack rabbik kinvadanti haye joe ack chamatkaarik kuein key baare mein bataati haye joe misra seey palayan key dauran registan mein israeliyon key 40 varshon key dauran unake saath thaa. isake alawa, kuchh yahoodiyon mein seeder plate parr ack narangi shamil haye. narangi sabhi yahoodiyon key liye faldayita kaa pratinidhitva kartaa haye jaba sabhi haashiye parr padey logon koo shamil kiya jaataa haye, vishesh roop seey mahilaaon aur samlaingik logon koo. ack galat lekin aam afwah kaa kahana haye kii yeh parampara taba shuru hui jaba ack aadami ney susana hashell koo bataaya kii ack mahila seeder plate parr narangi key roop mein bimah parr haye; haalaanki, yeh vaastav mein 1980 key dashak kii shuruat mein shuru huaa, jaba oberlin college hill mein bolate samay, susana hashell koo ack praarambhik nariwadi haggadah seey pesh kiya gayaa thaa, jisane yahudi samlaingikon key saath ekjutata key sanket key roop mein, seeder plate parr rotty kii parat jodane kaa sujhaav diyaa thaa (jaisa kii kuchh loga kahenge kii yahudi dharm mein ack samlaingik key liye utani hii jagah haye jitani kii seeder plate parr rotty kii parat key liye haye). hashell ney mahsoos kiya kii seeder plate parr rotty dalna yeh sweekaar karna hoga kii yahudi samlaingik aur samlaingik purush yahudi dharm kaa ullanghan karate hain jaise kii chametz passover kaa ullanghan kartaa haye. isaliye, apane agale satra mein, unhone samlaingikon aur samlaingikon aur anya joe yahudi samudaay key bheetar haashiye parr hain, unhein shamil karane key prateek key roop mein ack narangi rung chunaa. isake alawa, pratyek narangi khand mein kuchh beej they jinhen thookana padaa-thookane aur paaramparik yahudi dharm key homophobia key roop mein way joe dekhate hain usey aswikar karane kaa ack ishara.
isake alawa, kaee haggadah abb ling-tatasth angreji anuvaad kaa upayog karate hain.
saarvajanik sedder.
joe loga ack saath ack passover sedder rakhate hain, unhein talmud (tractate pesachim) mein "chavurah" (samooh) key roop mein sandarbhit kiya jaataa haye. udaaharan key liye, sudur poorv mein, chabad-lubawich doot niyamit roop seey saikadon aaney vaale chhatron, vyavsaayiyon aur yahudi yaatriyon key liye sedder kaa sanchaalan karate hain. kathmandu mein chabad sedder niyamit roop seey 1,200 seey adhik pratibhagiyon koo aakarshit kartaa haye. 2006 mein, sis aur baltic deshon key yahudi samudaayon key sangh ney sthaaniya rabbiyon aur chabad rubbinical chhatron key netritva mein poorv soviyat sangh mein 500 seey adhik saarvajanik sedder aayojit kiye, jisamen kull milakar 150,000 seey adhik upasthit they.
israel mein, jahan sthaayi nivasi kewal ack hii seeder kaa paalan karate hain, videshi chhatron koo yeshivas mein seekhane key liye aur mahilaaon key madrason koo aksar outreach sangathanon aur niji vyaktiyon dwara aayojit "dusare dinn key seeder" key liye 100 taka key samoohon mein aamantrit kiya jaataa haye.
isai sedders.
kuchh isai, vishesh roop seey lekin naa kewal evangelical protestant, ney haal hii mein sedder key anusaar pradarshan karane mein bahut ruchi lii haye. kaee churchon mein sedaron kii mejbani kii jaati haye, aamtaur parr ack masihi isai passover sandesh jodaa jaataa haye, aur kaee baar masihi yahoodiyon koo netritva karane aur sikhaane key liye aamantrit kiya jaataa haye. susamacharon mein antim ratribhoj koo pasphore parr rakhaa jaataa haye, taaki kuchh isaaiyon ney ise ack sedder key roop mein vyakhya kii hoe; parinamswarup kuchh isai sedder antim ratribhoj key smaran key hisse key roop mein guruwar koo hotey hain. kaee isai bhojan koo apane dharm kii viraasat seey judane key tareeke key roop mein uddhrit karate hain aur yeh dekhane key liye kii pracheen duniya kii prathaaen aaj bhee isai dharm key liye kaise praasangik hain. haalaanki, passover sedder kaa vartamaan roop rabbiyon key samay seey haye, isai dharm aur yahudi dharm key baad pahale seey hii unake alag tareeke chaley gaye they. kuchh yahudi aur isai isai sedders koo gair-yahudi uddeshyon key liye yahudi anushthaan kaa anuchit saanskritik viniyog maanate hain.
antar-dhaarmik sedders.
kaee churchon mein antar-dhaarmik sedder aayojit kiye jaate hain jahan yahudi aur gair-yahudi samaan roop seey kahani mein bhaag lene aur shaanti, swatantrata aur dhaarmik sahishnuta key samanya vishayon parr charcha karane key liye aamantrit kiye jaate hain. 1960 key dashak key americi nagrik adhikaar andolan key dauran, antar-dhaarmik sedders ney vibhinn samudaayon key netaaon koo sakriya aur prerit kiya joe sabhi key liye samaan suraksha key liye ack saath aae. inmein seey pahala, "friedam sedder", arther vasco dwara likhaa gayaa thaa, jise "ramparts" patrika mein aur maika press dwara ack chhoti see pustika mein aur baad mein holt-reinhart-winston dwara ack sanskaran (1970) mein prakaashit kiya gayaa thaa, aur vaastav mein 4 aprail, 1969 koo dow. martin luther king, junier. aur passover kii teesari raat, washington, dee. see. mein linken smaarak mandir mein. isane kaalaa america key mukti sangram koo pracheen israel key saath-saath firo seey manaaya, aur mool bibil kii kahani seey parey jaane vaalaa pahala haggadah thaa. isane mukti key vibhinn anya roopon-narivad, shakahar, 1970 key dashak mein lattin america mein mukti andolan, paaristhitik upchaar aadi kaa jashn manaane vaale badee sankhya mein haggadon koo janm diyaa.. aaj, kaee ektaavaadi saarvbhaumik mandaliyaan vaarshik antar-dhaarmik samudaay sedder aayojit karati hain. iss uddeshya key liye vishesh roop seey kaee antar-dhaarmik passover sedder haggadah likhe gaye hain.
white house passover sedder.
2009 mein rashtrapati baraak obama ney white house key puraane parivarik bhojan kaksh mein ack vaarshik passover sedder kaa sanchaalan shuru kiya, pahali baar jaba ack baithe americi rashtrapati ney white house mein ack sedder kii mejbani kii. lagbhag 20 mehmaanon key liye niji ratribhoj, donon yahudi aur gair-yahudi-jisamen rashtrapati aur unake parivaar, rashtrapati aur pratham mahila key karmchaariyon key sadasya, aur dost aur unake parivaar shamil hain-mein haggada, paaramparik anushthaan jaise kii afikamaan key chhipane aur eliah key cup aur mukti ghoshana kaa paath shamil haye.
aabhaasi sedder.
jaba loga saajha seeder mein bhaag lena chaahte hain lekin shaaririk roop seey ack saath naheen reh sakate hain, tou video conferencing software jaisi takneek kaa upayog "aabhaasi" seeder koo suvidhajanak banaane key liye kiya jaa sakata haye. 2020 mein, covid-19 mahamari key parinamswarup aabhaasi sedaron mein vriddhi hui, kyonki kaee yahoodiyon ney chhutti key dauran samajik doori kaa abhyaas karane kii maang kii, yaa una kshetron mein rahate they jahaan unhein kanuni roop seey aisaa karane kii aavashyakta thee, aur iss prakaar way doston aur parivaar key gharon mein naheen jaa sakate they joe sedaron kii mejbani curr rahey they. website ontable ney 2019 seey 2020 taka virtual sedder kii sankhya mein chaar gunaa vriddhi dekhi, aur virtual sedder kii mejbani key liye zoom kaa vyaapak roop seey upayog kiya gayaa thaa. aabhaasi sedder kaa samarthan pragatisheel rabbiyon dwara kiya gayaa thaa lekin roodhivaadi rabbiyon dwara chhod diyaa gayaa thaa. roodhivaadi judawad kii rubbinical assembly ney 2020 key liye vishisht margadarshan jaari kiya (halanki ack aadhikarik roodhivaadi pratikriya naheen) jisamen chhuttiyon parr electronic upkaranon key upayog koo seemit karane vaale yom tove pratibandhon key ullanghan seey bachane yaa cumm karane key dauran sedaron koo suvidhajanak banaane key liye video conferencing kaa upayog kiya gayaa.
antariksh mein seeder.
2022 mein, israeli antariksh yatri, eyeton stibbe, antarrashtriya antariksh station kii pahali niji praayojit yatra mein bhaag lete hue, israel mein kaee vishvavidyalayon aur startup key liye vigyaan aur praudyogiki prayogon kaa sanchaalan karane key liye "rakia" mission key hisse key roop mein, "rakia" mission key hisse key roop mein, avkash kii pahali raat koo antariksh mein pahala sedder aayojit kiya gayaa, kiddush aur angur kaa russ peena, matza khaana, aur apane saathi antariksh yaatriyon seey una moolyon key baare mein sambandhit joe sedder parampara aur haggadah kaa padhana sikha sakata haye, yeh dekhate hue kii israel key logon key misra seey palayan kii kahani "gulami seey swatantrata mein" seey darshaati haye kii "koee bhee sapana pahunch seey parey naheen haye".

