tollin

tullin () estonia kii rajdhani aur sabse adhik aabaadi vaalaa shahar haye. baltic samudra kii finland kii khaadi key tata parr uttari estonia mein ack khaadi parr sthit, tollin kii aabaadi lagbhag 45,000 (2023 taka) haye aur prashaasnik roop seey harju "makond" (county) mein sthit haye. taaleen estonia kaa mukhya vittiya, audyogik aur saanskritik kendra haye. yeh desh key dusare sabse badey shahar, tartu key uttar-paschim mein sthit haye, halanki kewal helsinki, finland key dakshin mein, sent pietersberg, roose key paschim mein, reega, latvia key uttar mein aur stockholm, sweeden key poorv mein sthit haye. 13veen shatabdi seey 20veen shatabdi key pahale bhaag taka, talinn koo duniya key adhikansh hisson mein apane anya aitihaasik naam rival key roopon seey jaanaa jaataa thaa.
1248 mein talinn koo lubec shahar key adhikaar praapt hue, haalaanki iss kshetra mein maanav aabaadi kaa sabse pahala pramaan lagbhag 5,000 saal purana haye. 13veen shatabdi mein pope dwara anumodit livanian dharmayuddh key baad europeeya sabhyata mein isai dharm koo apanaane vaali antim "moortipoojak" sabhyataon mein seey ack madhyayugeen swadeshi aabaadi thee joe abb lambi haye aur uttari astonia haye. iss sthaan parr pahala darj daavaa 1219 mein raajaa waldemar dwiteeya key netritva mein ack safal chhaape key baad denmark dwara kiya gayaa thaa, jisake baad baari-baari seey scandinavian aur teutonic shasakon kii avadhi thee. samudra dwara ranneetik sthaan key kaaran, iska madhyayugeen bandargah ack mahatvapurna vyaapaar kendra bunn gayaa, vishesh roop seey 14-16 veen shatabdi mein, jaba hansiatic leag key sabse uttari sadasya shahar key roop mein mahatvapurna hoe gayaa. tollin purana shahar europe key sabse achche sanrakshit madhyayugeen shaharon mein seey ack haye aur ise unesco vishva dharohar sthal key roop mein soochibaddh kiya gayaa haye.
europe kii sabhi rajdhaniyon aur badey shaharon mein prati vyakti startup companiyon kii sankhya sabse adhik haye aur yeh skipe, wies aur boult sahit kaee antarrashtriya uchch-praudyogiki companiyon kaa janmasthan haye. yeh shahar europeeya sangh kii aaee. tii. agency key mukhyalaya aur naato cyber raksha utkrishtata kendra kaa ghar haye.
2007 mein, talinn koo duniya key sheersh-10 digital shaharon mein soochibaddh kiya gayaa thaa, aur 2022 mein, talinn koo bhavishya key sheersh-10 "madhyam aakar key europeeya shaharon" mein soochibaddh kiya gayaa thaa.
vyutpatti.
1154 mein, ("qlvan" yaa "kwari") naamak ack shahar koo vishva maanchitra ("tabula rogeriana") parr duniya key vivaran mein darj kiya gayaa thaa, jise sisili key norman raajaa roser dwiteeya dwara commission kiya gayaa thaa aur arab maanchitrakaar muhammad all-idrisi dwara sankalit kiya gayaa thaa, jinhone ise 'estlanda' key shaharon key beach "ack badey mahal jaisa ack chhota shahar" key roop mein varnit kiya thaa. yeh sujhaav diyaa gayaa haye kii ack sambhaavit pratilekhan, 'clune', aadhunik shahar key poorvavarti koo darshaata hoe sakata haye aur kissy tarah ack topnem "collivan" seey sambandhit hoe sakata haye, jise baad key purvi slavic itihas seey khoja gayaa haye. haalaanki, kaee aadhunik itihaskaron ney all-idrisi key kissy bhee sthaan key naam koo aadhunik lambe, galat, yaa atkalon seey jodane parr vichaar kiya haye.
livonia key heinry ney apane itihas () mein, iss shahar koo usa naam seey jaanaa jaataa haye jiska upayog 13veen shatabdi taka scandinavian logon dwara kiya gayaa thaah "lindanisa" (yaa "lindanise" dennish mein, "lindance" swedish mein aur "ladenate" puraane purvi slavic mein).
icelandic "enzel kii gaatha"-1270 key baad rachit, lekin 960 aur 1020 key beach kii ghatnaaon kaa varnan karate hue-ack ghatana kaa ullekh kartaa haye joe tollin key kshetra mein kaheen hui thee aur iss sthaan koo "rafala" (shayed "ravla", "rewala", yaa nikatvarti madhyayugeen astonian county key astonian naam kaa kuchh anya sanskaran) kaa vyutpatti kahata haye. 1219 mein dennish vijay key turant baad, shahar koo scandinavian aur german bhaashaon mein reval () key roop mein jaanaa jaane lagaa. "1918 taka astonia mein "reval" aadhikarik upayog mein thaa.
naam tollin (aeye) astonian haye. ise vyaapak roop seey "taani-linna" kii ack aitihaasik vyutpatti maanaa gayaa haye, jiska arth haye "dennish-mahal" (), sambhavatah isaliye kii dennish aakramankariyon ney 1219 kii lindnis kii ladaai key baad eastonian gadh key sthaan parr mahal kaa nirmaan kiya thaa. finnick tatva "-linna", jaise german "-burg" aur slavic "-grade"/"-gorod", mool roop seey "kilaa" kaa arth thaa, lekin shahar key naamon key gathan mein ack pratyay key roop mein upayog kiya gayaa haye.
antarrashtriya upayog mein, angreji aur german bhasha key saath-saath russie analogue "rivel" () koo dheere-dheere astonian naam seey badal diyaa gayaa thaa, jaba desh 1918 mein swatantra hoe gayaa thaa. pahale, donon astonian roopon, "talinna" aur "tallin" kaa upayog kiya gayaa thaa. "astonian mein "talinna" naam key aanuvanshik mamle koo bhee darshaata haye, jaisa kii "talinna sadaam" ('talinn kaa bandargah') mein haye.
itihas.
ack chhote seey shikari-machuara samudaay kii upasthiti key pahale puraataatvik nishan joe abb shahar key kendra mein haye, lagbhag 5,000 saal puraane hain. iss sthal parr paae jaane vaale kanghi syremic mitty key bartan lagbhag 3000 eesaa poorv key hain aur 2500 eesaa poorv key aspas taar vaale bartan hain.
lagbhag 1050 esvi mein, tumpy kii pahaadi parr ack kilaa banaaya gayaa thaa joe abb kendriya tollin haye.
novgorod aur paschimi europe key beach ack pramukh vyaapaar maarg parr ack mahatvapurna bandargah key roop mein, yeh 13 veen shatabdi kii shuruat mein uttari dharmayuddh kii avadhi key dauran tutonic shurveeron aur denmark key raajya key vistaar key liye ack lakshya bunn gayaa jaba isai dharm koo sthaaniya aabaadi parr jabaran thopa gayaa thaa. 1219 mein talinn aur uttari astonia kaa dennish shasson shuru huaa.
1285 mein, tollin, jise taba adhik vyaapak roop seey reval key roop mein jaanaa jaataa thaa, uttari europe mein german-pradhaan shaharon kaa ack vyaparik aur sainya gathbandhan-hansiatic leag kaa sabse uttari sadasya bunn gayaa. denmark key raajaa ney 1346 mein uttari astonia mein anya bhoomi sampatti key saath reval koo teatonic shurveeron koo betch diyaa. reval yakinan finland kii khaadi mein sabse mahatvapurna madhyayugeen bandargah thaa, doosara sabse mahatvapurna bandargah turk thaa. rewal ney paschimi europe key baaki hisson aur poorv mein novgorod aur maskovi key beach vyaapaar key chaurahon parr ack ranneetik sthiti kaa anand liya. lagbhag 8,000 kii aabaadi vaalaa shahar, shahar kii divaaron aur 66 raksha meenaron key saath bahut achchi tarah seey kileband thaa.
1530 mein puraane thomas naamak ack puraane yoddha kii aakriti koo lambe town holl key shikhar key oopar rakhaa gayaa thaa. puraane thomas baad mein shahar kaa ack lokpriya prateek bunn gaye.
protestant sudhaar key shuruati varshon mein, shahar ney luthranwad mein parivartan curr liya. 1561 mein, reval (taaleen) sweeden kaa ack prabhutva bunn gayaa.
1710 mein, mahaan uttari yuddh key dauran, plaig seey peedit tallin, swedish astonia aur livonia key saath roose (maskovi) key tsardam key liye aatmasamarpan curr diyaa, lekin sthaaniya swa-sarkari sansthanon (rewal aur astonian nighthood kii magistrate) ney astonia key governor key roop mein shaahi roose key bheetar apani saanskritik aur aarthik swaayatta banaae rakhee. 1889 mein rewal key magistrate koo samaapt curr diyaa gayaa thaa. 19veen shatabdi ney shahar kaa audyogikaran kiya aur bandargah ney apana mahatva banaae rakhaa.
24 farwari 1918 koo, estonian swatantrata kii ghoshana kii ghoshana kii gaee thee. isake baad navambar 1918 mein pratham vishva yuddh key anta taka shaahi german kabje kaa paalan kiya gayaa, jisake baad tullin swatantra astonia kii rajdhani bunn gaee. dwiteeya vishva yuddh key dauran, astonia parr pahali baar soviyat senaa ney kabja curr liya thaa aur 1940 kii garmiyon mein ussr mein shamil hoe gayaa thaa, phir 1941 seey 1944 taka naazi germany dwara kabja curr liya gayaa thaa. german kabje key dauran tollin koo soviyat vayu senaa dwara havaai bambari key kaee udaharanon kaa saamana karna padaa. march 1944 mein sabse vinashkari soviyat bambari key dauran, shahar parr ack hazaar seey adhik aag lagaane vaale bumm giraaye gaye, jisase vyaapak aag lugg gaee, 757 loga maare gaye, aur 20,000 seey adhik nivaasiyon koo aashray key binaa chhod diyaa gayaa. sitambar 1944 mein german peechhe hatane key baad, shahar parr phir seey soviyat sangh kaa kabja hoe gayaa. 
1980 key grishmakaaleen olympic key dauran, naukaayan (jise taba naukaayan key roop mein jaanaa jaataa thaa) karyakram madhya talinn key uttar-poorv mein pirita mein aayojit kiye gaye they. olympic key liye kaee imaaraten, jaise kii tollin tv tower, "olympia" hotal, nayaa mukhya dakghar bhawan aur regata kendra, banaae gaye they.
1991 mein, swatantra loktaantrik astonian rashtra koo bahaal kiya gayaa aur ack aadhunik europeeya rajdhani key roop mein twarit vikas kii avadhi shuru hui. 20 agast 1991 koo ack baar phir seey ack "vaastavik" swatantra desh kii rajdhani bunn gaee. purana shahar 1997 mein ack vishva dharohar sthal bunn gayaa, aur shahar ney 2002 kii eurovision geet pratiyogita kii mejbani kii. tollin 2011 kii europeeya sanskriti kii rajdhani thee, aur 2023 kaa europeeya harit rajdhani puraskar haye. shahar ney 2030 taka greenhouse gais utsarjan mein 40 pratishat kii katauti karane kaa vaadaa kiya haye aur apani jaiv vividhata aur uchch vayu gunavatta parr garv kartaa haye. lekin alochakon kaa kahana haye kii yeh puraskar jhoothe vaadon parr praapt kiya gayaa thaa kyonki isane apani "15 minut kii shahar" avadharana key saath khitaab jeetaa thaa, jisake anusaar pramukh suvidhaaen aur sevaaen 15 minut kii paidal yaa bike kii sawari key bheetar sulabh honey chaahiye, lekin avadharana koo harit poonji karyakram seey baahar chhod diyaa gayaa thaa aur 12 million euro karyakram key anya hisson koo binaa kissy sanrachanaatmak aur sthaayi parivartanon key asthaayi aur ack baar kii pariyojanaon key sangrah key liye chhod diyaa gayaa thaa.
bhugol.
tollin finland kii khaadi key dakshini tata parr uttar-paschimi estonia mein sthit haye.
talinn mein sabse badee jheel ülemiste (ülemiste) haye, joe shahar key peene key paani key mukhya srot key roop mein kaary karati haye. harku jheel talinn kii seemaon key bheetar doosari sabse badee jheel haye aur iska kshetra haye. aajkal talinn mein ekmatra mahatvapurna nadee pirita nadee haye, joe isi naam key pirita shahar jile mein haye. aitihaasik roop seey, ack chhoti nadee, jise harjapiya kahaa jaataa haye, shahar key madhyam seey jheel ülemiste seey samudra mein bahati haye, lekin nadee koo 1930 key dashak mein bhoomigat mull-nikasi pranali mein modd diyaa gayaa thaa aur taba seey yeh shahar key paridrishya seey poori tarah seey gayab hoe gaee haye. isake sandarbh abhee bhee sadak key naamon mein baney hue hain joe ("jogi", nadee seey) aur kivisila ("kivi silled", patthar key pull seey).
ack choona patthar kii chattan shahar seey hocker gujarati haye. ise toompe, lasnam aur astangu mein dekhaa jaa sakata haye. halanki, toompe chattan kaa hissa naheen haye, balki ack alag pahaadi haye.
samudra tala seey 64 meater (lagbhag 200 feat) kii oonchaai parr sthit yeh shahar key dakshin-paschim mein nome jile key hiyu mein sthit haye.
tata kii lambai haye. isamen teen badey praaydweep hotey hainh kopli, palajsare aur kakumaay praaydweep. shahar mein kaee saarvajanik samudra tata hain, jinamen pirita, strumy, kakumai, harku aur pikakaari shamil hain.
talinn shahar key neeche bhoovigyaan vibhinn sanrachana aur ayu key chattanon aur talchhat seey banaa haye. sabse cumm umr key chaturthansh jamaa hain. inn bhandaron kii samagri himnad, samudri aur lacrine mool kii mitty, rait, bajari aur kankad hain. kuchh chaturthansh jamaa moolyavaan hain kyonki way jalbhrit kaa gathan karate hain, yaa bajari aur rait key mamle mein, nirmaan samagri key roop mein upayog kiye jaate hain. chaturthansh bhandar ghaatiyon kaa bharaa huaa haye joe abb dafan hain. talinn kii dabi hui ghaatiyon koo purani chattanon mein tarasha gayaa haye, sambhavatah pracheen nadiyon dwara baad mein glaciers dwara sanshodhit kiya jaayega. jabaki ghaati kaa bharaa huaa bhaag chaturthak talchhat seey banaa haye, ghaatiyan swayam chaturthak seey pahale hue ksharan seey utpann hui hain. jiss talastambh mein dabi hui ghaatiyon koo tarasha gayaa thaa, vaha ediakaran, cambrian aur ordovician yug kii kathor talchhati chattan seey banaa haye. kewal ordovician chattanon kii oopari parat yuva jamaon key aavaran seey nikalati haye, joe tata parr aur kuchh sthaanon parr antardeshiya baltic clint mein nikalati haye. ordovician chattaanen choona patthar aur marlstone kii ack motee parat key oopar seey neeche taka banaai jaati hain, phir argilite kii pahali parat key baad balua patthar aur siltstone kii pahali parat aur phir argilite kii ack aur parat key baad balua patthar aur siltstone bhee hoti haye. shahar key anya sthaanon mein, kathor talchhati chattan kewal samudra tala seey 120 meater neeche taka kii gaharaai parr chaturthak talchhat key neeche paaee jaati haye. talchhati chattan mein phenoscandian crayton kii chattaanen shamil hain jinamen neeses aur jwalamukhiya chattanon key protolith aur rapakivi grenite key saath anya rupaantarit chattaanen shamil hain. yeye chattaanen baaki (paleoproterozoic yug) kii tulanaa mein bahut purani hain aur astronia mein kaheen bhee fasal naheen nikaalati hain.
jalavaayu.
talinn mein ack aardr mahadvipiya jalavaayu (copen jalavaayu vargeekaran "dee. aff. bee") haye jisamen halki, barsaat kii garmiyaan aur thhandi, burfley sardiyaan hoti hain. sardiyaan thhandi hoti hain, lekin isake tateey sthaan key kaaran isake akshansh key liye halki hoti hain. farwari mein ausat tapman, sabse thandaa maheena haye. sardiyon key dauran, tapman jamane key karib rahata haye, lekin mausam key halke mausam tapman koo oopar dhakel sakate hain, kabhi-kabhi oopar taka pahunch sakate hain, jabaki thhandi havaa key dravyamaan tapman koo varsh mein ausatan 6 dinon seey neeche dhakel sakate hain. sardiyon key dauran barfbari aam haye, joe baadaldaar hoti haye aur cumm matra mein dhoop kii visheshta haye, disambar mein prati maah kewal 20.7 ghante kii dhoop seey laker farwari mein 58.8 ghante taka.
vasant ritu march aur aprail mein samanya roop seey jamane vaale tapman key saath thhandi shuru hoti haye, lekin dheere-dheere maee mein germ hoe jaati haye, jaba dinn kaa tapman ausat hotaa haye, halanki raat kaa tapman abhee bhee thandaa rahata haye, march seey maee taka kaa ausat. march mein barfbari aam haye aur aprail mein hoe sakati haye.
grishmakaal halke hotey hain aur dinn kaa tapman juuna seey agast key beach rahata haye aur raat kaa tapman ausatan rahata haye. sabse germ maheena aamtaur parr julaai hotaa haye, jisamen ausat julaai hotaa haye. garmiyon key dauran, aanshik roop seey baadal yaa saaf dinn aam hotey hain aur yeh sabse adhik dhoop vaalaa mausam hotaa haye, agast mein 255.6 ghante seey laker julaai mein 312.1 ghante taka, halanki inn maheenon key dauran varsha adhik hoti haye. isake uchch akshansh key parinamswarup, grishmakaaleen sankranti parr, dinn kaa prakaash 18 ghante aur 30 minut seey adhik samay taka rahata haye.
sitambar key ausat dainik ausat key saath girawat halki shuru hoti haye aur navambar key anta mein teji seey thhandi aur baadal bunn jaati haye. girawat key shuruati hisson mein, tapman aamtaur parr sitambar mein cumm seey cumm ack dinn oopar taka pahunch jaataa haye. sharad ritu key anta mein, thhand kaa tapman adhik aam hoe jaataa haye aur barfbari hoe sakati haye.
talinn mein salana varsha hoti haye, joe poore varsh samaan roop seey vitarit hoti haye, halanki march, aprail aur sabse sookhe maheene hoe sakate hain, ausatan, jabaki julaai aur agast varsha key saath sabse aardr maheene hain. ausat aardrata 81 pratishat haye, joe maee mein 89 pratishat key uchch seey 69 pratishat key nimn taka haye. talinn mein havaa kii ausat gati hoti haye jisamen sardiyaan sabse tez (janwari mein aspas) hoti hain aur agast mein garmiyaan cumm seey cumm tez hoti hain. charam seema 10 janwari 1987 seey 30 julaai 1994 taka haye.
british moolya tulanaa site youswitch dwara 2021 mein kiye gaye ack adhyayan key anusaar.cumm, tallin mausam kii sthiti key mamle mein europeeya rajdhaniyon mein sabse apratyaashit haye, jiska kull score 69/100 haye; uchch score mukhya roop seey shahar mein barish key dinon kii uchch sankhya aur dhoop kii avadhi mein bhinnata key kaaran haye. reega aur helsinki ney doosara aur teesara sthaan hassil kiya.
prashaasnik jile.
tullin koo aathh prashaasnik "linnaosa" (jile) mein vibhajit kiya gayaa haye. pratyek jile mein ack "linnaosa valitsus" (jilaa sarkaar) haye jiska prabandhan ack "linnaosavnem" (jilaa bujurg) dwara kiya jaataa haye jise shahar sarkaar dwara niyukt kiya jaataa haye. jilaa sarkaaron" kaa kaary halanki seedhe shasson naheen haye, balki sambandhit jilon key prashaasan seey sambandhit muddon parr shahar sarkaar aur nagar parishad koo salah dene taka seemit haye. 
jilon koo prashaasnik roop seey 84 "asam" (aadhikarik roop seey paribhaashit seemaon key saath upa-jile yaa "pados") mein vibhajit kiya gayaa haye.
jansankhyiki.
taaleen sabse adhik aabaadi vaalaa, primate aur astonia kii rajdhani haye. 
1 janwari 2021 koo talinn kii aabaadi 438,341 thee. yeh astonia kaa sabse adhik aabaadi vaalaa aur primate shahar haye, aur europeeya sangh mein 59 vaan sabse adhik aabaadi vaalaa shahar haye.
eurostat key anusaar, 2004 mein, sabhi europeeya sangh key sadasya raajyon kii rajdhani shaharon mein gair-europeeya sangh key nagrikon kii sabse badee sankhya mein seey ack thee. jaatiya russie loga talinn mein ack mahatvapurna alpasankhyak hain, kyonki shahar key nivaasiyon mein seey lagbhag ack tihai roose aur poorv soviyat sangh key anya hisson seey pahali aur doosari peedhi key apravasi hain; soviyat yug key adhikansh apravasi abb astonian nagrikta rakhate hain.
dwiteeya vishva yuddh seey pahale jaatiya astonian loga talinn kii aabaadi kaa 80 pratishat seey adhik they. 2022 taka, jaatiya astonian aabaadi kaa 53 pratishat seey adhik thaa. uttari estonia mein audyogik aur sainya mahatva vaale shahari kshetron mein seey ack thaa, jisamen soviyat kabje kii avadhi key dauran roose aur poorv ussr key anya hisson seey pravasiyon kii badee aamad key kaaran isaki jaatiya sanrachana kaa vyaapak roop seey vistaar huaa. poore nae shahar key jilon kaa nirmaan kiya gayaa thaa jahaan tatkalin soviyat adhikaariyon kaa mukhya irada russie bhashi pravasiyon koo samaayojit karna thaah mustame, vaaike-oismaye, pelgurana, aur sabse vishesh roop seey, lasnama, joe 1980 key dashak mein bunn gayaa, aur aaj taka, tollin kaa sabse adhik aabaadi vaalaa jilaa haye.
talinn kii aadhikarik bhasha astonian haye. 2011 taka, shahar key nivaasiyon mein seey 50.1% astonian key mool vaktaa they, jabaki 46.7% kii pahali bhasha russie thee. jabaki angreji talinn key nivaasiyon dwara sabse adhik upayog kii jaane vaali videshi bhasha haye, vahaan ukraini aur finish key mool vaktaaon kii ack mahatvapurna sankhya bhee haye.
arthavyavastha.
jaankaari praudyogiki, paryatan aur rasad mein vishesh taakat key saath tullin kii arthavyavastha atyadhik vividh haye. estonian jee. dee. pee. kaa aadhaa seey adhik bhaag talinn mein banaaya jaataa haye. 2008 mein, tollin kaa prati vyakti jee. dee. pee. astonian ausat key 172% parr thaa.
lambe samay seey bandargah aur rajdhani shahar key roop mein karyon key alawa, tallin ney ack soochana praudyogiki kshetra kaa vikas dekhaa haye; apane 13 disambar 2005 key sanskaran mein, "newyork times" ney astonia koo "baltic samudra parr ack prakaar kii silicon ghaati" key roop mein varnit kiya. tullin key bahan shaharon mein seey ack loss gatos, california kaa silicon ghaati shahar haye. skipe kaee astonian start-ups mein seey ack haye joe tollin seey utpann hotaa haye. kaee start-ups kii utpatti cybernetics sansthaan seey hui haye. haal key varshon mein, tallin dheere-dheere europe key mukhya its kendron mein seey ack bunn rhaa haye, jisamen naato, eu-lissa, eu digital agency key sahakaari cyber raksha utkrishtata kendra (ccd koo) aur badey nigamon key vikas kendra, jaise kii telesonara aur kuen + nagel shahar mein sthit hain. हैं। aur game sansthapakon jaise chhote start-upp incubators ney samarthan, vikas aur networking key avsaron kii talash mein astonia aur duniya bhar kii teams koo samarthan pradaan karane mein madad kii haye.
talinn mein salana 4.3 laakh agantuk aatey hain, joe pichhale dashak mein lagaatar badhaa haye. finn vishesh roop seey talinn mein ack aam drishya haye; ausatan, lagbhag 20,000-40,000 finish paryatak juuna aur octuber key beach shahar mein aatey hain. adhikansh agantuk europe seey aatey hain, halanki asia-prashant kshetra key paryatakon dwara bhee teji seey daura kiya jaataa haye.
tollin yatri bandargah baltic samudra parr sabse vyast cruze gantavyon mein seey ack haye, isane 2013 mein 520,000 seey adhik cruze yaatriyon kii seva kii. 
rashtriya oorjaa company, easty energy, rashtriya vidyut oorjaa sancharan pranali sanchaalak, easty gais, rashtriya praakritik gais vitaran company; desh kii sabse badee niji oorjaa company, alexela samooh, sabhi kaa mukhyalaya talinn mein haye. 
tollin astonia kaa vittiya kendra haye aur scandinavian-baltic kshetra mein ack majboot aarthik kendra bhee haye. kaee pramukh bainkon, jaise kii seb, sweeden baink aur nordia key sthaaniya karyalaya talinn mein hain. ell. aich. vee. baink, ack astonian nivesh baink, kaa corporate mukhyalaya talinn mein haye. tallin stock exchange, nasdack omx samooh kaa hissa, astonia mein ekmatra viniyamit exchange haye.
talinn kaa bandargah baltic samudri kshetra key sabse badey bandargaahon mein seey ack haye, jabaki astonia kaa sabse badaa malvahak bandargah, muga kaa bandargah, joe usee vyaavsaayik ikai dwara sanchaalit haye, padosi shahar mardu mein sthit haye. puraane shahar key bandargah koo madhyayugeen kaal seey ack suvidhajanak bandargah key roop mein jaanaa jaataa rhaa haye, lekin aajkal maal sanchaalan koo muga malvahak bandargah aur paldisky dakshin bandargah mein sthanantarit curr diyaa gayaa haye. 2010 taka, samudra mein tairane vaale trollers kaa ack chhota bedaa abhee bhee thaa joe lambe samay seey sanchaalit thaa.
talinn key udyogon mein jahaaj nirmaan, machine nirmaan, dhaatu prasanskaran, electronics, kapada nirmaan shamil hain. blert group kaa mukhyalaya aur kuchh sahayak companiyan talinn mein hain. havaai rakharkhaav astonia aur panviyai rakharkhaav key roop mein, donon tollin havaai adde mein sthit hain, joe vimaan key liye aim. aar. oh. sevaaen pradaan karate hain, joe haal key varshon mein apane sanchaalan kaa vistaar curr rahey hain. 
antarrashtriya star parr prasiddh vaanaa talinn sharaab banaane vaali livico isi tarah talinn mein sthit haye. kalev kaa mukhyalaya, ack mishthaann company aur audyogik samooh orkala samooh kaa hissa, shahar kii dakshinpurvi seema key paas lehma mein sthit haye.
prati nivasi kharidari kendra sthaan key mamle mein astonia europe mein teesare sthaan parr haye, sweeden seey aage haye aur kewal norwey aur luxemberg seey aage haye.
ullekhaniya mukhyalaya.
anya key beechah
shiksha.
uchch shiksha aur vigyaan key sansthanon mein shamil hainh
sanskriti.
tollin 2011 key liye turkey, finland key saath sanskriti kii europeeya rajdhani thee.
sangrahalaya.
 tullin mein 60 seey adhik sangrahalaya aur deerghaaen hain. unamen seey adhikansh shahar key kendriya jile kesklin mein sthit hain aur isamen talinn kaa samriddh itihas shamil haye.
shahar key puraane hisse vanlin mein mahaan gilled holl mein sthit astonian itihas sangrahalaya, talinn mein sabse adhik dekhe jaane vaale aitihaasik sangrahalayon mein seey ack haye. yeh pragaitihasik kaal seey 20veen shatabdi key anta taka key astonia key itihas koo shamil kartaa haye. isamen film aur haathon seey pradarshit pradarshan hain joe darshaate hain kii astonian nivasi kaise rahate they aur butch gaye they.
astonian samudri sangrahalaya rashtra key samudri ateet kaa ack avalokan pradaan kartaa haye. sangrahalaya puraane shahar mein sthit haye, joe kii tollin kii poorv rakshaatmak sanrachanaon mein seey ack haye-fait margaret kaa meenar. ack anya aitihaasik sangrahalaya joe shahar key puraane shahar mein, town holl key thheek peechhe paaya jaa sakata haye, haye tollin city sangrahalaya. yeh poorv-itihas seey 1991 taka key talinn key itihas koo shamil kartaa haye, jaba astonia ney apani swatantrata hassil kii. shahar key aspas nau aur vibhaag aur sangrahalaya hain, jinamen seey ack haye tollin kaa photography sangrahalaya, joe town holl key thheek peechhe sthit haye. isamen sthaayi pradarshani haye joe astonia mein 100 varshon kii photography koo shamil karati haye.
estonia kaa vyavasaay aur swatantrata kaa vabamu sangrahalaya kesklin (kendriya jilaa) mein sthit haye. yeh 51 varshon (1940-1991) koo cover kartaa haye jaba astonia parr poorv soviyat sangh aur naazi germany kaa kabja thaa. bahut door astonia key soviyat kabje seey sambandhit ack aur sangrahalaya haye, kii. jee. bee. sangrahalaya, joe sokos hotal veeru kii 23veen manjil parr sthit haye. isamen upkaran, vardi aur russie gupt seva agents key dastavej hain.
shahar mein praakritik itihas kaa astonian sangrahalaya aur swaasthya dekhbhal kaa sangrahalaya bhee haye, donon puraane shahar mein sthit hain. praakritik itihas key sangrahalaya mein kaee vishayagat pradarshaniyan hain joe astonia aur duniya key vanyajeevon kaa avalokan pradaan karati hain. swaasthya dekhbhal key sangrahalaya mein maanav shareer rachana vigyaan, swaasthya dekhbhal aur astronia mein chikitsa key itihas koo shamil karane vaali pradarshaniyan hain.
tollin mein kaee kalaa aur design sangrahalaya hain. astonian kalaa sangrahalaya, astonia kaa sabse badaa kalaa sangrahalaya, mein chaar shaakhaaen hain-kumu kalaa sangrahalaya, kadirog kalaa sangrahalaya, mackell sangrahalaya aur nigulist sangrahalaya. kumu kalaa sangrahalaya mein samkaaleen aur aadhunik kalaa kaa desh kaa sabse badaa sangrah haye. yeh 18veen shatabdi kii shuruat seey shuru honey vaali astonian kalaa koo bhee pradarshit kartaa haye. joe loga paschimi europeeya aur russie kalaa mein ruchi rakhate hain, way kadirog mahal mein sthit kadirog kalaa sangrahalaya sangrah kaa anand leey sakate hain, joe peater dha grate dwara banaai gaee ack sunder barok imarat haye. yeh 16veen seey 20veen shatabdi taka kii lagbhag 9,000 kalakritiyon koo sangraheet aur pradarshit kartaa haye. kadriorg park mein sthit mikal sangrahalaya mein mukhya roop seey paschimi kalaa-cheeni mitty key bartan aur 1994 mein johannes mikal dwara daan kiye gaye cheeni cheeni cheeni mitty key bartanon kaa sangrah pradarshit kiya gayaa haye. nicolaus church; yeh madhya yug seey laker uttar-sudhaar kalaa taka lagbhag saat shataabdiyon taka faili aitihaasik church kalaa key sangrah koo pradarshit kartaa haye.
joe loga design aur anuprayukt kalaa mein ruchi rakhate hain, way anuprayukt kalaa key astonian sangrahalaya aur astonian samkaaleen designs key design sangrah kaa anand leey sakate hain. yeh kapada kalaa, cheeni mitty key bartan, cheeni mitty key bartan, chamada, kaanch, aabhushan, dhaatu kaa kaam, furniture aur utpaad design seey baney 15.000 tukadon koo pradarshit kartaa haye. adhik aaraam seey, sanskriti-unmukh pradarshanon kaa anubhav karane key liye, koee bhee astonian peyajal sanskriti key sangrahalaya kii or rukh curr sakata haye. iss sangrahalaya mein aitihaasik lusher aur mattisen aasavan key saath-saath astronian sharaab utpaadan kaa itihas bhee dikhaaya gayaa haye.
shubh muhurt.
astonian geet utsav (estonianah laulupidu mein) duniya key sabse badey saamoohik karyakramon mein seey ack haye, jise unesco dwara manavata kii maukhik aur amoort viraasat kii ack utkrisht kriti key roop mein soochibaddh kiya gayaa haye. yeh harr paanch saal mein julaai mein estonian nritya utsav key saath-saath tullin geet utsav key maidan ("lauluvalak") parr aayojit kiya jaataa haye. sanyukt gaayak mandal mein 30,000 seey adhik gaayak shamil hain joe 80,000 darshakon key liye pradarshan curr rahey hain.
astonian key paas duniya mein lock geeton kaa sabse badaa sangrah haye, jisamen lagbhag 133,000 lock geeton key likhit record hain. 1987 seey, saamoohik pradarshanon kaa ack chakr jisamen rashtriya geeton aur bhajanon key sahaj gaayan kii visheshta thee, jinhen soviyat kabje key varshon key dauran shantipurna roop seey utpeedan kaa virodh karane key liye sakhti seey nishiddh kiya gayaa thaa. sitambar 1988 mein, ack record 300,000 loga, sabhi estonians key ack chauthai seey adhik, ack geet utsav key liye talinn mein ekatra hue.
tallin black nights film festival.
tollin black nights film festival (estonianah pimedate dade film festival, yaa poff), 1997 seey estonia kii rajdhani shahar tollin mein aayojit ack vaarshik film mahotsav haye. nordic aur baltic kshetra mein 14 anya gair-vishesh tyohaaron jaise kii cance, berlin, venis key saath nordic aur baltic kshetra mein ack antarrashtriya pratiyogita karyakram aayojit karane key liye ack aff. aaee. pee. aff. (film nirmaata sangh kaa antarrashtriya mahasangh) maanyata key saath poff ekmatra tyohar haye. pratyek varsh 250 seey adhik feature filmon aur 77500 seey adhik upasthiti (2014) key saath, poff uttari europe key sabse badey film karyakramon mein seey ack haye aur sardiyon key mausam mein estonia mein saanskritik karyakram hain. 2015 mein apane 19vein sanskaran key dauran iss mahotsav mein 600 seey adhik filmein (80 deshon kii 250 seey adhik feature-lambai vaali filmon sahit) dikhaai gaeen, jisamen 80,000 seey adhik logon key saath-saath 50 deshon key 700 seey adhik maanyata praapt mehmaanon aur patrakaron key liye 900 seey adhik pradarshan kiye gaye. 2010 mein iss mahotsav mein europeeya film puraskar samaroh aayojit kiya gayaa thaa.
vyanjan.
talinn kaa paaramparik vyanjan uttari estonia kii paak paramparaon, machhali pakadane key bandargah key roop mein shahar kii bhoomika aur aitihaasik german prabhaavon koo darshaata haye. 19veen shatabdi key baad seey kaee kaife ney shahar key samajik jeevan mein ack pramukh bhoomika nibhai haye, jaisa kii baar hain, vishesh roop seey kesklin jile mein.
talinn mein "martipan" udyog kaa ack bahut lamba itihas haye. martsipan" kaa utpaadan madhya yug mein lagbhag ack saath hansiatic leag key donon sadasya shaharon, taaleen (reval) aur lubec mein shuru huaa. 1695 mein, "marzipan" kaa ullekh ack dawa key roop mein kiya gayaa thaa, jise "panis martius" key padnam key tahat, tollin town holl pharmacy kii moolya soochiyon mein ullekh kiya gayaa thaa. talinn mein "martsipan" kaa aadhunik yug 1806 mein shuru huaa, jaba swiss confectioner lorenz cavisale ney pick street parr apani confectionary sthaapit kii. 1864 mein, ise george stud dwara kharida aur vistaarit kiya gayaa thaa aur abb ise myasmoke kaife key roop mein jaanaa jaataa haye. 19veen shatabdi key anta mein talinn key mishthannon dwara banaai gaee "martipan" moortiyon kii aapoorti russie shaahi parivaar koo kii gaee thee. 
yakinan, talinn kaa sabse prateekaatmak samudri bhojan "vurtasikilu" ("masaledar masaledar") haye-kaali mirch, olspice aur laung sahit masalon key ack vishisht sett key saath namak vaale sprats. maanaa jaataa haye kii paaramparik "vurtasikilu" kaa nirmaan shahar key baahari ilaake seey huaa haye. 1826 mein, tollin key vyapariyon ney sent pietersberg koo "vurtasikilu" key 40,000 dibbe niryaat kiye. ack nikatata seey judaa huaa vyanjan "kiluvolib" ("sprat-butter-bread") haye-ack paaramparik raaee bread khula sandwich joe makkhan kii ack parat key saath dhakaa hotaa haye aur "vurtasikilu" sheersh key roop mein. ubale hue andey key tukade aur paak jadee-bootiyaan vaikalpik atirikt topping hain. shahar mein utpaadit maadak peya padarthon mein bear, vodka aur sharaab (jaise kii samaan naam vaalaa vaanaa talinn) shamil hain. pichhale dashak mein hastshilp bear banaane vaali ikaaiyon kii sankhya mein teji seey vistaar huaa haye, joe sthaaniya aur kshetriya baajaron mein pravesh curr rahee haye.
paryatan.
jise yakinan tollin key mukhya aakarshan maanaa jaa sakata haye, vaha tollin puraane shahar (ack "nichale shahar" aur tompy pahaadi mein vibhajit) mein sthit haye, jise aasaani seey paidal khoja jaa sakata haye. shahar key purvi bhaag, vishesh roop seey pirita (pirita convent key saath) aur kadirog (kadirog mahal key saath) jile bhee lokpriya gantavya hain, aur shahar key paschim mein makka all maare mein astonian open air sangrahalaya, astonian graameen sanskriti aur vastukala key pahaluon koo sanrakshit kartaa haye. aitihaasik lakadi key upnagar jaise kalamaja, pelgulin, kassisaba aur kelmikula aur rottermany quarter, noblesner aur dwigatel jaise punarjeevit audyogik kshetra bhee ghoomane key liye advitiya sthaan hain.
tumpy-oopari shahar.
yeh kshetra kabhi lagbhag ack alag shahar thaa, bhaari kileband thaa, aur hamesha kissy bhee shakti kaa kendra rhaa haye jisane astonia parr shasson kiya haye. pahaadi aspas key jilon koo dekhane key liye ack aasaani seey rakshaatmak sthal parr kabja curr letee haye. pramukh aakarshan madhyayugeen tompeia mahal (aaj eastonian sansad, "rigikogu"), luthran sent mairi cathedral, jise gumbad church () key roop mein bhee jaanaa jaataa haye, aur russie roodhivaadi alekjendar nevsky cathedral hain.
aul-linn-nichala shahar.
yeh kshetra europe key sabse achche sanrakshit madhyayugeen shaharon mein seey ack haye aur adhikaari isake punarvaas koo jaari rakhe hue hain. pramukh sthalon mein town holl squire (), shahar kii deewaar aur meenaaren (vishesh roop seey "fait margaret" aur "keek inn dee cock") key saath-saath kaee madhyayugeen church shamil hain, jinamen staff, sent shamil hain. nicolaus aur pavitra bhoot kaa church. sent peater aur sent paul kaa catholic cathedral bhee nichale shahar mein haye.
kadirog.
kadirog shahar key kendra key poorv mein haye aur yahaan bason aur trams dwara seva pradaan kii jaati haye. kadirog mahal, peater dha grate kaa poorv mahal, joe mahaan uttari yuddh key thheek baad banaaya gayaa thaa, abb astonia key kalaa sangrahalaya kaa videshi kalaa vibhaag, rashtrapati nivaas aur aspas key maidanon mein aupchaarik udyaan aur jangal shamil hain.
astonia key kalaa sangrahalaya, kumu (kalaa sangrahalaya) kii mukhya imarat 2006 mein banaai gaee thee aur kadirog park mein sthit haye. isamen astonian kalaa kaa ack vishvakosh sangrah haye, jisamen carle timolean wonn neif, johann coller, edward ole, zaan court, konrad maggy, edward vierault, haine rudd aur adamson-erich key chitra shamil hain.
pirita.
yeh tateey jilaa kadirog seey 2 kilometres uttar-poorv mein haye. marina koo 1980 key mosco olympic key liye banaaya gayaa thaa, aur naukaaon koo pirita nadee parr kiraaye parr liya jaa sakata haye. dou kilometres antardeshiya vanaspati udyaan aur lamba tv tower hain.
parivahan.
shahar parivahan.
shahar sabhi jilon key liye buss (73 laainen), traum (4 laainen) aur trolley-buss (4 laainen) maargon kii ack pranali sanchaalit kartaa haye; estonia mein lambi traum pranali ekmatra traum network haye. ack sapaat-kiraya pranali kaa upayog kiya jaataa haye. tikat-pranali kiyosk aur dakgharon mein upalabdh prepaid aar. aff. aaee. dee. card parr adharit haye. janwari 2013 mein, shahar kii seema key bheetar bason, trams aur trolley bason parr kiraya-mukt seva pradaan karane vaali tullin pahali europeeya rajdhani bunn gaee. yeh seva una nivaasiyon key liye upalabdh haye joe nagarpalika key saath panjikaran karate hain.
havaa.
lenart merrie tollin havaai adda town holl squire () seey lagbhag haye. havaai adde aur shahar key kendra key kinare (buss sankhya 4) key beach ack traum aur sthaaniya buss connection haye. 2). nikatatam railway station ülemiste kewal havaai adde seey haye. havaai adde key nae khand kaa nirmaan 2007 mein shuru huaa aur 2008 kii garmiyon mein puuraa huaa.
nauka.
kaee ferry operator, wiking line, tollink aur ekero line, tollin koo helsinki, maryhammen, stockholm aur sent seey jodate hain. pietersberg. yatri laainen saal bhar aathh dainik crossing key saath cruisferry dwara lagbhag 2-3.5 ghanton mein helsinki (talinn key uttar mein) seey talinn koo jodati hain.
rail maarg.
alron railway company talinn seey tartu, valga, tourie, viljandi, taap, narva, koydula taka train sevaaon kaa sanchaalan karati haye. yeye sabhi aur astonia mein vibhinn anya gantavyon key saath-saath roose mein sent pietersberg aur reega, latvia key liye bhee basein upalabdh hain. russie railway company tollin-mosco key beach dainik antarrashtriya sleeper train seva sanchaalit karati haye.
talinn mein dou mukhya dishaaon mein talinn key mukhya rail station seey chalane vaali ack yatri rail seva bhee haih poorv (egvidu) aur kaee paschimi gantavyon (pescula, keila, recipere, turba, paldisky aur klogaranna) key liye. yeye vidyuteekrit laainen hain aur inca upayog alron rail company dwara kiya jaataa haye. stadler flirt eemu aur dee. aim. yuu. ikaaiyaan julaai 2013 seey seva mein hain. talinn mein pahali vidyuteekrit train seva 1924 mein talinn seey pescula taka kholi gaee thee, joe ack doori haye.
rail baltica pariyojana, joe latvia aur lithuania key madhyam seey tollin koo varsau key saath jodegi, tollin koo baaki europeeya rail network key saath jodegi. tollin aur helsinki key beach ack samudra key neeche kii surang prastaavit kii gaee haye, halanki yeh ack yojana charan mein haye.
sadaken.
baltica motorway key madhyam seey (helsinki seey praag taka europeeya maarg ee67 kaa hissa) latvia key madhyam seey tollin koo lithuanian-polish seema seey jodata haye. aksar aur kifayati lambi doori key buss maarg estonia key anya hisson key saath judate hain.
judvaan shahar-bahan shahar.
tollin key saath jodaa gayaa haih
baahari link.
 
 
 
 

