
istwan dobby

istwan dobby (; 31 disambar 1898-24 navambar 1968) ack hangerian communist rajneta they joe 1948 seey 1952 taka hangri key pradhaan mantri they aur 1952 seey 1967 taka hangerian peepuls republic kii rashtrapati parishad key adhyaksh they.
praarambhik jeevan.
dobby kii utpatti ack garib kisan parivaar seey hui thee aur unakaa janm hangri raajya key komaram county mein huaa thaa. unhone kewal chhah saal kaa praathamik vidyalaya puuraa kiya aur cumm umr seey hii ack dinn key mazdoor key roop mein kaam karna shuru curr diyaa. 1916 mein krishi shramikon key andolan key sampark mein aaya. pratham vishva yuddh mein ladane key baad, unhone hangri soviyat ganarajya kaa samarthan kiya. 1919 key hangerian-romanian yuddh key dauran unhein romanon ney pakad liya thaa.
apani rihaai key baad, unhone ack aakasmik mazdoor key roop mein kaam kiya aur 1920 key dashak kii shuruat seey krishi shramik sangh key saath-saath hangri kii samajik loktaantrik party mein sakriya hoe gaye. isake liye unhein pulis kii nigrani mein rakhaa gayaa thaa. 1936 mein unhone swatantra chhote dharakon kii party mein pravesh kiya aur krishi key kisalfold chamber mein ack padadhikari bunn gaye. haalaanki vaha communist party key sadasya naheen they, lekin unhein miklos horty key rajpratinidhi key dauran kaee baar giraftar kiya gayaa thaa.
dwiteeya vishva yuddh.
yuddh key dauran vaha hangerian pratirodh key netaaon mein seey ack bunn gaye jaba taka kii unhein 1945 kii garmiyon mein vaapas naheen bulaaya gayaa.
yuddh key baad.
dwiteeya vishva yuddh key anta taka way chhote dharakon kii party key ack pramukh sadasya bunn gaye they, jisane 1945 key aam chunaavon mein bahumat hassil kiya thaa. dobby usa party key vampanthi gutt key sadasya they aur unhone communists key saath sahyog kii vakaalat kii.
chhote dhaarak hangri kii yuddh key baad kii gathbandhan sarkaar kaa hissa honey key kaaran, dobby ney farwari 1946 seey navambar 1946 (pradhaan mantri ferenk naagi key tahat) aur phir seey aprail 1948 seey disambar 1948 (lajos dinny key tahat) taka krishi mantri key roop mein kaary kiya. chhote dharakon key vampanthi wing key ack pramukh sadasya key roop mein, dobby ney ack aisee sarkaar key liye kuchh bahut aavashyak vaidhata kaa yogdan diyaa, jiss parr communists kaa adhik seey adhik prabhutva thaa. kaee vibhajanon aur saamyvaad virodhi sadasyon ("salami ranneeti") key nishkasana, giraftari yaa nirvaasan key baad, dobi koo juuna 1947 mein chhote dharakon kii party kaa adhyaksh chunaa gayaa. party ney 1947 key dhandhali bharey sansadiya chunaav key liye communists, samajik loktantravadiyon aur rashtriya kisan party key saath gathbandhan kiya.
kuchh hudd taka communists key apane majboot samarthan key kaaran, unhone disambar 1948 mein saathi chhote dhaarak lajos dinny koo pradhaan mantri key roop mein pratisthaapit kiya, jisase communists key desh key poorna adhigrahan key antim charan kii adhyakshata karane mein madad millie. thode samay mein, dobby ney apani party key una tatvon koo baahar curr diyaa joe communists kii bolly lagaane key liye taiyar naheen they, party koo apane jaise saathi yaatriyon key haathon mein chhod diyaa. iss prakriya koo anya gair-saamyavaadi dalon key saath bhee dohraya gayaa thaa.
iss prakaar, 1949 key chunaavon key samay taka, hangri prabhaavi roop seey ack-party raajya thaa. 1949 key chunaavon ney iss sthiti koo aupchaarik roop diyaa, jisamen matdaataon key paas kewal ack saamyavaadi-prabhutva vaali soochi koo manjuri dene yaa aswikar karane kaa vikalp thaa. navanirvaachit rashtriya sabhaa key pahale karyon mein seey ack soviyat-shally key samvidhaan koo manjuri denaa thaa, joe aupchaarik roop seey hangri mein baahar-baahar saamyavaadi shasson kii shuruat koo chihnit kartaa thaa. chhote dharakon kii party koo prabhaavi roop seey bhang curr diyaa gayaa thaa.
party key saath sahyog key aaropon key sandarbh mein, nae hangerian vishvakosh ney saamyavaadi adhigrahan mein dobby kii bhoomika koo iss tarah seey sankshepit kiyaah "chhote dharakon vaale party key dakshinpanthi tatvon koo hataane key baad, unhein adhyaksh key roop mein chunaa gayaa thaa. unake nirdeshan mein party koo apane pratikriyaavaadi tatvon seey mukt curr diyaa gayaa aur yeh communists key saath logon key loktantra key nirmaan key karyakram kaa hissa bunn gayaa."
janvaadi ganarajya kii adhyakshata.
1952 mein, unhone pradhaanmantri pada chhod diyaa kyonki communist party key netaa matyas rakosi apane liye vaha pada chaahte they. dobby koo 1952 seey aprail 1967 mein apani sevaanivritti taka rashtrapati parishad (raajya key aupchaarik pramukh) key adhyaksh key roop mein padonnat kiya gayaa thaa. kaee anya uchch-profile bhoomikaon koo sambhaalane key madhyam seey, vaha antatah hangri mein dusare yaa teesare sabse shaktishali vyakti bunn gaye. unhone 1956 kii hangerian kranti koo kuchalane kaa samarthan kiya. kaee varshon taka "gupt-saamyavaadi" rahane key kaaran, dobby aupchaarik roop seey 1959 mein hangerian samajwadi kaaryakartaon kii party mein shamil hoe gaye. unhein 1962 mein lenin shaanti puraskar seey sammaanit kiya gayaa. 1968 mein buddepest mein unaki mrityu hoe gaee.

