
god lene kii pratha

god lena, jise gatishil rajtantravad bhee kahaa jaataa haye, ack praarambhik isai gair-tritvavaadi dhaarmik siddhant haye, jise baad mein vibhinn roopon mein punarjeevit kiya gayaa, joe maanata haye kii yeeshu koo unake bapatisma, unake punrutthan yaa unake aarohan parr bhagwan key putra key roop mein apanaaya gayaa thaa. praarambhik isaaiyon key beach dattak grahan key samanya vichaar kaise they, iss parr bahas hoti haye, lekin yeh pahali, doosari aur teesari shataabdiyon mein sabse lokpriya prateet hotaa haye. kuchh vidwan dattak grahan koo paul aur anya praarambhik saahitya key updeshon parr adharit yeeshu key shuruati anuyaayiyon key vishvaas key roop mein dekhate hain. haalaanki, chauthi aur paanchvin shatabdi mein god lene key vichaaron kii pramukhta mein teji seey girawat aaee, kyonki church key netaaon ney ise ack pakhand key roop mein ninda kii.
paribhasha.
god lena rajtantravad key dou mukhya roopon mein seey ack haye (doosara roopvaad haye, joe bhagwan koo ack maanata haye, jabaki bhagwan key vibhinn "tarikon" yaa "abhivyaktiyon" key madhyam seey kaam kartaa haye-pitaa, bhagwan putra, aur bhagwan pavitra aatma, apane tarikon yaa abhivyaktiyon koo seemit kiye binaa). dattak grahanvaad masih key shashwat poorv-astitva seey incar kartaa haye, aur halanki yeh spasht roop seey unake jeevan kii ghatnaaon key baad key devta kii pushti kartaa haye, kaee shaastriya trinitarian daavaa karate hain kii siddhant yeeshu key maanav swabhaav key shashwat logo key nirantar hypostatic sangh koo nakarkar ise spasht roop seey nakaartaa haye. god lene key tahat, yeeshu divya haye aur god lene key baad seey rhaa haye, halanki vaha pitaa key barabar naheen haye, prati "merey pitaa aaee seey badey hain" aur iss tarah seey ack prakaar kaa adheenata haye. god lene kaa chalan kabhi-kabhi, lekin hamesha naheen, yeeshu key kunwari janm key incar seey sambandhit hotaa haye.
itihas.
praarambhik isai dharm.
dattak grahan aur uchch isai dharm.
bart ehrmann kaa maanana haye kii nae vasiyatnama lekhan mein dou alag-alag isai dharm hain, arthaat ack "nimn" yaa dattak grahanvaadi isai dharm, aur ack "uchch" yaa "avtaar isai dharm". nimn isai dharm" yaa "dattak grahan karane vaalaa isai dharm" yeh vishvaas haye kii "bhagwan ney yeeshu koo mrit avastha mein seey oopar uthaakar uska putra honey key liye oonchaa kiya", jisase usey "divya sthiti" mein uthaaya gayaa. anya praarambhik isai dharm "uchch isai dharm" haye, joe "yeh vichaar haye kii yeeshu ack poorv-astitva vaale divya prani they joe ack maanav baney, prithvi parr pitaa kii ichcha poori kii, aur phir swarg mein vaapas leey jaaya gayaa jaba vaha mool roop seey aaya thaa", aur jahan seey vaha prithvi parr prakat huaa. inn praarambhik dharmshastron key vikas kaa kalakram samkaaleen vidvata key bheetar bahas kaa vishay haye.
vikaasvaadi model" yaa bauset dwara prastaavit vikaasvaadi siddhanton key anusaar, usake baad bhoore rung mein, masih kii isai samajh samay key saath vikasit hui, ack nimn isai dharm seey ack uchch isai dharm taka, jaisa kii susamachar mein dekhaa gayaa haye. vikaasvaadi model key anusaar, sabse pahale isai maanate they kii yeeshu ack aisaa insan thaa jise oonchaa kiya gayaa thaa, aur iss prakaar bhagwan key putra key roop mein god liya gayaa thaa, jaba vaha punarjeevit kiya gayaa thaa, joe bhagwan key raajya kii nikatata kaa sanket detaa haye, jaba sabhi mrit punarjeevit kiye jaayenge aur dharmi unchaa kiye jaayenge. god lene kii avadhaaranaaen maark key susamachar mein paaee jaa sakati hain. jaisa kii daniel johansson ney nott kiya haye, bahumat kii aam sahamati maark key yeeshu koo "ack uchch, lekin kewal maanav aakriti" key roop mein rakhti haye, vishesh roop seey jaba yahudi vishvaason key spasht sandarbh mein padhaa jaataa haye. baad mein vishvaason ney unake bapatisma, janm aur baad mein unake shashwat astitva key vichaar koo sthanantarit curr diyaa, jaisa kii johnn key susamachar mein dekhaa gayaa haye. maark ney usa kshan koo sthanantarit curr diyaa jaba yeeshu putra bunn gayaa aur baad mein usey yeeshu key bapatisma key liye sthanantarit curr diyaa, aur baad mein usey maithyu aur luke ney divya avadharana key kshan mein sthanantarit curr diyaa, aur anta mein johnn ney ghoshana kii kii yeeshu shuru seey hii bhagwan key saath thaah "shuruat mein shabd thaa.
ack ullekhaniya ansh jise praarambhik dattak grahankartaon dwara uddhrit kiya gayaa hoe sakata haye, vaha vahee thaa joe bhagwan ney yeeshu key bapatisma mein kahaa thaa; teen alag-alag sanskaran darj kiye gaye hain. unamen seey ack, luke 3hah22 key codex beze sanskaran mein paaya gayaa haye, "tum merey bete hoe; aaj maine tumhen janm diyaa haye."aisaa lagata haye kii yeh 13:32-33 adhiniyamon mein bhee uddhrit kiya gayaa haye (sabhi pandulipiyon mein, naa kii kewal bezaa). doosari aur teesari shatabdi key isai lekhakon key uddharan lagbhag hamesha iss sanskaran kaa upayog karate hain, chauthi aur paanchvin shatabdi key kaee lekhak iska upayog karna jaari rakhate hain, yadi kabhi-kabhi sharmindagi key saath; udaaharan key liye, augustin ney pankti kaa hawala diyaa, lekin spasht kiya kii bhagwan kaa arth ack shashwat "aaj" haye. ehrmann kaa anuman haye kii chauthi aur paanchvin shatabdi key roodhivaadi lekhakon ney apane paksh mein maarg kaa hawala dete hue god lene vaalon key khilaf ack bachaav key roop mein chihn mein sanskaran key saath sanrekhit karane key liye luke mein maarg koo badal diyaa.
1970 key dashak seey, "uchch isai dharm" key vikas key liye inn dair seey taarikhon kaa virodh kiya gayaa haye, aur adhikansh vidvaanon kaa tark haye kii yeh "uchch isai dharm" paul key lekhan seey pahale seey hii maujood thaa. nayaa", yaa praarambhik uchch isai club key anusaar, jisamen martin hengal, lairi hertado, aine shamil hain. tii. thheek haye, aur richard baukham, yeh "avtaar isai dharm" yaa "uchch isai dharm" lambe samay taka vikasit naheen huaa, lekin vichaaron kaa ack "badaa dhamaka" thaa joe isai dharm kii shuruat mein pahale seey hii maujood thaa, aur church key pahale kuchh dashakon mein aage aakar leey liya, jaisa kii paul key lekhan mein dekhaa gayaa haye. kuchh 'praarambhik uchch isai dharm' key samarthak vidvaanon kaa tark haye kii yeh "uchch isai dharm" yeeshu key paas vaapas jaa sakata haye.
ehrmann key anusaar, yeye dou isai dharm ack dusare key saath maujood they, jinhen "nimn isai dharm" ack "dattak grahanvaadi isai dharm" aur "uchch isai dharm" ack "avtaar isai dharm" kahate they.
nae testamental epistals.
dattak dharamshastra vihit patron mein bhee parilakshit hoe sakata haye, jinamen seey sabse pahala susamachar key lekhan seey pahale kaa haye. udaaharan key liye, paul prerit key patron mein masih key kunwari janm kaa ullekh naheen haye. paul ney yeeshu koo "ack mahila seey paida huaa, kaanoon key tahat paida huaa" aur "jaisa kii unakaa maanav swabhaav david kaa vanshaj thaa" key roop mein varnit kiya haye. haalaanki, isai dubhashiya, philipiyon 2 mein unake bayanon koo yeh ingit karane key liye lete hain kii paul kaa maanana thaa kii yeeshu apane avtaar seey pahale bhagwan key barabar astitva mein they.
harmas kaa charwaha.
doosari shatabdi key charvaahe ney yeh bhee sikhaaya hoga kii yeeshu pavitra aatma seey bharey ack gunee vyakti they aur unhein putra key roop mein god liya gayaa thaa. jabaki harmas kaa charwaha lokpriya thaa aur kabhi-kabhi vihit shaastron seey bandha huaa thaa, yeh vihit sthiti koo banaae naheen rakhta thaa, aggar kabhi aisaa hotaa.
byzantium kaa theodotus.
byzantium (doosari shatabdi key anta mein) kaa theodotus, ack valentinian nostic, god lene key sabse pramukh pratipaadak they. rome key hippolitus ("philosophumena", vii, xxiii) key anusaar theodotus ney sikhaaya kii yeeshu ack kunwari seey paida huaa aadami thaa, jerusalam kii parishad key anusaar, kii vaha anya purushon kii tarah rahata thaa, aur sabse pavitra thaa. jorden mein apane bapatisma key samay "masih" ack kabootar ("daarshanik", vii, xxiii) kii samaantaa mein aadami yeeshu parr aaya, lekin yeeshu apane punrutthan key baad taka khud bhagwan naheen thaa.
god lene koo teesari shatabdi key anta mein pakhand ghoshit kiya gayaa thaa aur ise antaak key aradhanalayon aur nikea kii pahali parishad dwara aswikar curr diyaa gayaa thaa, jisane trimurti key roodhivaadi siddhant koo paribhaashit kiya aur manushya yeeshu koo shashwat roop seey janme putra yaa nikeen panth mein bhagwan key shabd key saath pahachaana. pope victor I dwara bhee iss vishvaas koo vidharmi ghoshit kiya gayaa thaa.
ibionites.
abionites key roop mein jaane jaane vaale yahudi isaaiyon dwara bhee god lene kaa paalan kiya gayaa thaa, joe chauthi shatabdi mein epiphanius key anusaar, maanate they kii yeeshu koo bhagwan kii ichcha key prati unaki paaparahit bhakti key kaaran chunaa gayaa thaa.
abionites ack yahudi isai andolan thaa joe isai yug kii praarambhik shataabdiyon key dauran maujood thaa. way yahudi isai dharm key shuruati roop key saath majboot samaantaaen dikhaate hain, aur unakaa vishisht dharamshastra "kaanoon-mukt gair-yahudi mission key liye pratikriya" hoe sakata haye. way yeeshu koo masiha maanate they, jabaki unake divyata aur unake kunwari janm koo aswikar karate they, aur yahudi kaanoon aur sanskaron kaa paalan karane kii aavashyakta parr jore dete they. unhone yahudi-isai susamacharon mein seey ack, abionites key susamachar kaa upayog kiya; adhyaay 3 seey shuru honey vaali maithyu kii hibru pustak; yeeshu key bhaai james (james dha just) koo sammaanit kiya; aur paul prerit koo kaanoon seey ack dharmatyagi key roop mein aswikar curr diyaa. unakaa naam (, hibru seey liya gayaa, jiska arth haye yaa) bataata haye kii unhone swaichhik garibi koo vishesh mahatva diyaa.
abionites key susamachar kii vishisht visheshtaon mein kunwari janm aur yeeshu kii vanshavali kii anupasthiti shamil haye; ack dattak grahan karane vaalaa isai dharm, jisamen yeeshu koo unake bapatisma key samay bhagwan kaa putra chunaa jaataa haye; yeeshu dwara yahudi balidaanon kaa unmoolan; aur shakahar kii vakaalat.
spanish dattak grahanvaad.
spanish dattak grahan ack dharamshastriya sthiti thee joe 8veen aur 9veen shatabdi mein iberian praaydweep key umyad aur isai-niyantrit kshetron mein vyakt kii gaee thee. aisaa lagata haye kii yeh mudda toldo key archbishop elependus key daave key saath shuru huaa haye kii-unake maanav swabhaav key sambandh mein-masih bhagwan key "dattak" putra they. iss isai dharm key ack anya pramukh samarthak they 'felix off impersal'. spen mein, god lene kaa virodh laibana key beatus dwara kiya gayaa thaa, aur carolingian kshetron mein, god lene kii sthiti kii pope hadrian aaee, york key alquin, agobard dwara ninda kii gaee thee, aur aadhikarik taur parr frankfurt kii parishad (794) dwara carolingian kshetra mein.
dattak grahan" key saajha naam key bavjood spanish dattak grahanvaadi isai dharm praarambhik isai dharm key dattak grahan seey kaafee alag prateet hotaa haye. spanish adhivaktaon ney kewal apani manavata key sambandh mein masih key shabd kii bhavishyavani kii; ack baar jaba divya putra ney "khud koo divyata seey khaali curr diyaa" aur "ack sevak kaa roop leey liya" (philipiyon 2hah7), tou masih key maanav swabhaav koo divya key roop mein "apanaaya" gayaa.
aitihaasik roop seey, kaee vidvaanon ney spanish dattak grahan koo "nestorian" isai dharm key ack chhote seey punrutthan key roop mein label karane mein dattak grahan karane vaalon key carolingian virodhiyon kaa anusaran kiya haye. johnn see. kaivadini ney apane adhyayan mein spanish isai dharm koo apane swayam key spanish/uttar african sandarbh mein lene kaa prayaas karke iss dhaarana koo chunauti dee haye, "paschim kaa antim isai dharmah spen aur gaul mein god lena, 785-820.
shaikshik nava-dattak grahanvaad.
teesari lahar 12veen shatabdi mein peater abellard kaa punarjeevit roop ("nava-dattak grahan") thaa. baad mein, 14veen shatabdi mein kuchh dharmshastriyon seey vibhinn sanshodhit aur yogya dattak siddhant ubhare. duns scotus (1300) aur sant-paurken key durrends (1320) ack yogya arth mein shabd koo sweekaar karate hain. haal key dinon mein jesuit gabriel waskage aur luthran devta georgious calixtus aur johann ernst emmanuel walch ney anivarya roop seey roodhivaadi key roop mein god lene kaa bachaav kiya haye.
aadhunik dattak samooh.
18veen shatabdi key dauran ekatmakta mein god lene kaa ack roop saamane aaya kyonki joseph paadari aur anya logon key vichaaron key kaaran kunwari janm kaa incar teji seey aam hoe gayaa.
isi tarah kaa god lene kaa roop james streng key lekhan mein vyakt kiya gayaa thaa, ack baad key dinn key sant netaa jinhone 1844 mein joseph smith kii mrityu key baad yeeshu masih key church kii sthaapana kii thee. apani pustak low off dha low mein, joe pracheen granth kaa ack kathit kaam thaa aur jiska anuvaad ajib tareeke seey kiya gayaa thaa, unhone "masih key balidan parr nott" naamak ack nibandh prastut kiya haye jisamen vaha iss vishay parr apane advitiya (poore roop mein mormanwad key liye) siddhanton kii vyakhya karate hain. yeeshu masih, ney kahaa kii ajib, mairi aur joseph kaa swabhavik roop seey paida huaa putra thaa, jise maanav jaati kaa uddhaarak banane key liye sabhi samay seey chunaa gayaa thaa, lekin jise dou maanav maataa-pitaa (pitaa yaa pavitra aatma dwara paida honey key bajaay) key ack samanya nashwar key roop mein paida honah thaa taaki vaha vaastav mein apani masihi bhoomika koo puuraa curr sakey. ajib ney daavaa kiya kii parthiv masih koo janm key samay bhagwan key putra key roop mein "apanaaya" gayaa thaa, aur roopaantaran key dauran poori tarah seey prakat kiya gayaa thaa. poori tarah seey paaparahit jeevan jeekar khud koo bhagwan key saamane saabit karane key baad, vaha apane punrutthan aur aarohan seey pahale, manushyon key paapon key liye ack sweekarya balidan pradaan karane mein saksham thaa.
isai samudaay, rudolf steiner kii shikshaon dwara soochit ack goodh isai sampradaay, ack dattak grahanvaadi isai dharm koo maanata haye joe yeeshu aur masih koo alag-alag praniyon key roop mein maanata haye jaba taka kii way bapatisma mein shamil naheen hoe jaate.