
child harold kii tirthayatra

child herold kii tirthayatra lord byron dwara likhit chaar bhaagon mein ack lambi kathaa kavita haye. yeh kavita 1812 aur 1818 key beach prakaashit hui thee. "einthe" koo samarpit, yeh ack vishva-thake hue yuvak kii yaatraon aur pratibimbon kaa varnan karati haye, joe anand aur ullas key jeevan seey mohbhang hoe jaataa haye aur videshi deshon mein dhyaan bhatkaane kii talash mein hotaa haye. vyaapak arthon mein, yeh uttar-krantikari aur napolean yug key yuddhon seey thakaa huaa ack peedhi dwara mahsoos kii gaee udasi aur mohbhang kii abhivyakti haye. yeh sheershak "child" shabd seey aataa haye, joe ack yuva vyakti key liye ack madhyayugeen sheershak haye joe nighthood key liye ummidwar thaa.
kavita kaa vyaapak roop seey anukaran kiya gayaa thaa. isane bhatakate hue naayak key panth mein yogdan diyaa joe praakritik saundarya key drishyon parr vichaar karate hue udas shraddha mein parh jaataa haye. isaki aatmakathaatmak vyaktiparakta vyaapak roop seey prabhaavshaali thee, naa kewal saahitya mein balki sangeet aur chitrakala kii kalaa mein bhee, aur europeeya romantikwad mein ack shaktishali ghatak thee.
utpatti.
kavita mein aatmakathaatmak maane jaane vaale tatva hain, kyonki byron ney 1809 aur 1811 key beach purtagaal, bhoomadhyasagariya aur agean samudra key madhyam seey apani yatra key dauran praapt anubhav seey kuchh kahani utpann kii. samarpan kaa "einthe" shabd lady charlotte harley key liye upayog kiya gayaa thaa, jaba lagbhag 11 saal kii umr mein "child harold" pahali baar prakaashit huaa thaa. charlot bekan, "nee" harley, oxford key 5vein earl aur lady oxford, jaine elizabeth scott kii doosari betty thee. kavita key dauran, byron, child harold key charitra mein, apani shuruati yuvavastha key barbad honey parr khed vyakt kiya, isaliye apane jeevan vikalpon kaa punarmulyankan kiya aur tirthayatra parr jaane key madhyam seey khud koo phir seey design kiya, jisake dauran unhone iberian praayadveepiya yuddh sahit vibhinn aitihaasik ghatnaaon parr vilaap kiya.
kavita key pahale dou khand prakaashit honey mein byron kii praarambhik hichkichaahat key bavjood kyonki unhone mahsoos kiya kii yeh apane aap mein bahut adhik prakat huaa, ise 1812 mein doston key aagrah parr johnn murre dwara prakaashit kiya gayaa thaa, aur kavita aur isake lekhak donon koo tatkaal aur apratyaashit roop seey janata kaa dhyaan aakarshit kiya. byron ney baad mein likhaa, "main ack subah uthaa aur khud koo prasiddh paaya. johnn murre key sanskaran mein pahale dou canto koo prasiddh chitrakaar aur chitrakaar richard westle dwara chitrit kiya gayaa thaa, jinhen taba byron key chitra banaane key liye niyukt kiya gayaa thaa.
3 march, 1812 koo prakaashit, 500 quarto pratiyon kii pahali daud teen dinon mein bick gaee. teen varshon key bheetar iss kaary key duss sanskaran they. byron 1817 mein chauthe canto koo jodane seey ack saal pahale kaam koo "meraa sarvshreshth" maan rhaa thaa.
byron ney 1812 key sanskaran key sheershak prishth key liye mool french mein "leey cosmopolite, oyu, leey sitoyen doo monde" (1753) seey ack ansh koo chunaa. angreji mein anuvaadit, uddharan iss baat parr jore detaa haye kii kaise yaatraon key parinamswarup unake apane desh kii adhik sarahana hui haih brahmand ack prakaar kii pustak haye jiska kewal pahala prishth padhaa gayaa haye jaba kissy ney kewal apana desh dekhaa haye. maine ack badee sankhya mein patta lagaaya haye, joe mujhe samaan roop seey kharaab lagaa haye. yeh pariksha merey liye bilkul bhee nishfal naheen rahee. mujhe apane desh seey nafrat thee. jinn vibhinn logon key beach main rhaa huun, unaki sabhi anivaaryataon ney mujhe usake saath sulajha liya haye. aggar mujhe apani yaatraon seey koee anya laabh naheen milaa hotaa, tou mujhe naa tou kharch kaa pachtawa hotaa aur naa hii thakan kaa.
sanrachana.
kavita mein spensorian pankti mein likhe gaye chaar khand hain, jinamen aathh ayambik pentameter rekhaaen hain jisake baad ack alexanderine (ack baarah shabdansh ayambik rekha) haye, aur isamen kavita kaa pattern abbisbisi haye.
ack alag roop mein geet kabhi-kabhi inn panktiyon koo viramit karate hainh canto aaee key chhand 13 key baad ingland koo vidaai aur baad mein chhand 84 key baad "too inez" kaa sambodhan; aur canto II mein yuddh geet joe chhand 72 kaa anusaran kartaa haye. phir canto III mein chhand 55 key baad drachenfels seey abhivaadan hotaa haye.
plot.
duniya key sukhon aur jeevan key laparwah key saath yuva pareshan, europe key baare mein bhatakata haye, apani bhaavanaon aur vichaaron koo kavita kaa vishay banaata haye. canto mein vaha spen aur purtagaal mein haye, jahan vaha francisi dwara unake aakraman key barbarta koo bataata haye. canto II mein vaha grees chalaa jaataa haye, joe ack aise desh mein apane ateet kii sundarta seey oopar uthaa haye joe abb turkon dwara gulam banaa diyaa gayaa haye. canto III usey waterloo key yuddh key maidan mein paataa haye, jahan seey vaha raain key neeche kii yatra kartaa haye aur drishyon kii sundarta aur isake aitihaasik sanghon seey mantramugdh hocker switzerland mein pravesh kartaa haye. canto IV mein harold itali key madhyam seey ack yatra parr venis seey shuru hotaa haye, joe gayab veerata aur kalaatmak ateet aur isake vibhinn kshetron key vishay kii sthiti parr vilaap kartaa haye.
kaalpanik kathakar.
jiss lambi kavita kii way kalpana curr rahey they, usake liye byron ney naa kewal spensorian chhand koo chunaa, balki usa pracheen bolly koo bhee chunaa jisamen "ferry queen" likhaa gayaa thaa, sambhavatah spensor key 18veen shatabdi key anukarankartaon key udaaharan kaa anusaran karate hue. iss prakaar "tirthayatra" key pahale teen shlokon mein humm "motey" (kriya "hoe sakata haye" key bhootkaal key roop mein) paate hain; "whillom" (ack baar ack samay parr) aur "ney" (naheen); "hyee" (naamit) aur "lossel" (kuchh bhee naheen key liye achchha). yadi iss tarah kii shaileegat kritrimata naayak aur lekhak key beach doori banaane key liye thee, tou yeh whiffle rhaa-halanki prastaavana mein virodh hoe sakata haye kii uska naayak vishuddh roop seey kaalpanik thaa. walter scott ney joanna bellie koo likhe ack niji patra mein tippani kii thee kii "naayak, kuchh hisson mein shally kii prabhaavit puraatantaa key bavjood, fashion aur bhaagya kaa ack aadhunik vyakti haye, joe apavyay key karyon seey thakaa huaa aur tript haye, aur haalaanki prastaavana mein isake khilaf savdhani haye, aap apani aatma key liye iss nishkarsh seey butch naheen sakate kii lekhak, kyonki vaha apani yaatraon kaa vivaran detaa haye, apane charitra mein bhee aisaa curr rhaa haye."
saarvajanik kshetra mein, "jacobin-virodhi sameeksha" isi tarah key nishkarsh parr pahunchi kii child harold "kuchh bhee naheen balki apane kavi nirmaata kii bhaavanaon koo janata taka pahunchaane key liye neeras, nirjeev, upkaran prateet hotaa haye. lord byron iss naayak key parichay key iraade koo "tukade koo kuchh sambandh dene" key liye vyakt kartaa haye; lekin humm apane jeevan key liye, yeh naheen khoj sakate kii yeh tukada kaise adhik judaa huaa haye, bhaavanaon koo nirdisht karke joe yeh ack kaalpanik vyakti koo vyakt kartaa haye, joe varnit kissy bhee drishya mein koee bhaag naheen letaa haye, joe koee kaary praapt naheen kartaa haye, aur jisake paas, sankshep mein, pradarshan karane key liye koee ack praant naheen haye, jitna kii yeh hotaa kii lord baay byron apane swayam key vyakti mein bolaa jaataa, aur "apani kahani kaa naayak" hotaa.
sarvasammat sandeh key saamane, byron ney dikhaava chhod diyaa aur anta mein apane saathi-yatri johnn hobhouse koo likhe patra mein sweekaar kiya kii canto IV: "antim canto key aacharan key sambandh mein, teerthayaatri kii tulanaa mein cumm hogi, aur vaha thodaa saa, aggar bilkul bhee, lekhak seey alag, apane swayam key vyakti mein boll rhaa haye. tathya yeh haye kii main ack rekha kheenchane seey thuck gayaa thaa jise harr koee samajhane key liye dridh thaa."
nakal.
child herolds tirthayatra" key pahale dou khand shayed hii prakaashit hue they, isase pahale kii isake vishva-thake hue naayak koo 1812 key lokpriya "asweekrit patey" mein vyangya kiya gayaa thaa."poochate hain" "swami bee. mool dwara niyojit spensorian chhand menh
byron iss pustak seey itane khush they kii unhone apane prakaashak koo likhaa, "lekhak koo bataaen kii main usey maaf curr detaa huun, kyaa vaha hamaare vyangyakaar seey bees gunaa adhik thaa.
vaha apane kaam key liye agali shraddhanjali key liye kshamashil naheen they, "aadhunik greesah ack kavita" (1817) felicia heymann dwara, joe apane vishay key liye "tirthayatra" key dusare khand parr nirbhar thee. pahale ise gumnam roop seey prakaashit kiya gayaa thaa, ise ack samkaaleen sameeksha mein khud byron dwara bhee liya gayaa thaa. jabaki yeh ack samaan alankaarik shally mein likhaa gayaa thaa, unaki kavita mein ack alexanderine mein samaapt honey vaale thode lambe 10-pankti vaale chhand kaa upayog kiya gayaa thaa. yeh bhee desh kii turkey daasata kii ninda kartaa haye aur isake patan parr shoke vyakt kartaa haye, halanki ateet mein usa avsar kii prashansa karane key liye rukta haye jaba "mahila ney apane yoddha baind (50vaan schlock) key saath aakraman kaa virodh kiya thaa. jahan lekhak byron key saath seedhe mudde koo lene key liye alag hoe gayaa, algin sangamarmar parr vivaad parr thaa, isake bajaay unhein ack aisee bhoomi parr hataane kaa samarthan kiya joe abhee bhee unaki prerana koo sanjo sakati haye. byron key daave key anusaar 
usane jawab diyaa thaa
varshon seey, anya logon ney "tirthayatra" parr nirbhar karate hue adhik yaa cumm matra mein kaary likhe. george crolley ney waterloo kii ladaai mein apani "peris inn 1815: aeye kavita" (landan, 1817) key saath jeet kaa jashn manaaya. ise 21 spensorian panktiyon dwara byronic tareeke seey prastut kiya gayaa thaa, jisake baad dohare mein kaee aur khand they. isake baad 1818 mein anaam sangrah "child herolds tirthayatra mrit samudra (aur anya kavitaaen)" aaya. vahaan sheershak kavita kaa deerghakaalik bahishkrit bhaag, galat dohe key tees prishthon key madhyam seey paapon kii soochi seey sambandhit haye, joe antim minut mein paschaataap key ahwan seey samaapt hoe jaataa haye. 1820 taka anukaran kii aadat america mein fail gaee thee, jahan "tirthayatra" key canto II parr nirbhar paanch spensorian chhand "dha galaxy" mein "child harold inn boetia" sheershak key tahat prakaashit kiye gaye they.
lekin bachche koo yatra key alawa anya gatividhiyon mein khud koo lagu karate hue paaya jaanaa thaa. francis hodgeson key "childe harolds monitor" key 62 prishth, yaa childe harold key antim canto dwara prastut panktiyaan (landan 1818), byron key "angreji bards aur scotch sameekshakon" key tareeke seey saahityik vyangya koo diye gaye hain. veertapurna dohare mein likhaa gayaa, yeh ubharate romantic shally key khilaf, vishesh roop seey jheel key kaviyon kii, mahaan kaviyon kii shally koo badhaava detaa haye. "child herold inn dha shedsah aine infernal romant" (landan 1819), bahut kuchh ack hii bhaavanaon koo pradarshit kartaa haye. kavita shaastriya adholok mein sthaapit haye aur isake gumnam yuva lekhak kii pehchaan edward dacresses bains key roop mein kii gaee haye.
yunani swatantrata sangram mein byron kii mrityu ney anukaran key ack nae daur kii shuruat kii. villium lisley bouls ney "child herold kii antim tirthayatra" (1826) key chhah shlokon mein ack udaar shoke key saath unake antarveshan kaa jawab diyaa. yeye byron kii kavita key roop mein usee roop mein likhe gaye they aur ack saarvajanik vivaad key dauran unake beach hue katu upman koo kshama karate hue, abb unake marane key tareeke koo ack udaar shraddhanjali dee gaee.
iss avsar parr francisi nakalon kii ack fasal bhee thee, jisamen seey sabse pramukh alphons dee lamartin kaa "leey dernier chaant doo pellerines dee 'harold" (peris, 1825) thaa. kavi dwara apane 'paanchven canto' kii maulikta key daave key bavjood, ack samkaaleen angreji sameeksha mein paaya gayaa kii yeh aksar byron key karyon parr nirbhar kartaa haye. iska angreji anuvaad jey. doubleu. jheel, "child harrold kii tirthayatra kaa antim khand", 1826 mein peris seey prakaashit huaa thaa. ack aur veertapurna yugal 1827 mein landan seey aaya thaa. ack anya francisi utsaahi, jools lefavour-dumier, vaastav mein 1823 mein grees mein byron mein shamil honey key raaste mein thaa, lekin ack jahaaj key tootane ney usey iss uddeshya mein shamil honey kaa avsar loot liya. unhone bhee peris seey switzerland mein ack tirthayatra koo "less pellerines dee 'una child herold perisian" mein darj kiya, joe 1825 mein chhadm naam dee key tahat prakaashit huaa. jey. see. verfelle. agale varsh abhijaat varg ney "child-harold aux ruins dee romah imitation doo poem dee lord byron" naamak parcha prakaashit kiya, jise yunani ladaakon kii sahaayata mein becha gayaa thaa.
baad mein "child harold kii tirthayatra" kii nakal ack sadee seey adhik samay taka asweekrit rahee. johnn clair ney 1841 mein apane pagalpan key varshon key dauran, kabhi-kabhi khud koo byron key roop mein, kabhi-kabhi ack bigmist byronic hiro key roop mein pahachaante hue, apane swayam key "child harrold" kii rachana karna shuru curr diyaa thaa. isaki jatil kathaaon mein byron kii kavita kii tulanaa mein kaee adhik geet hain, joe aksar mairi joyce key liye clair key yuva prem key vishay parr hotey hain. lekin, halanki "unhone kabhi bhee prayaas kiye gaye kissy bhee cheez kii tulanaa mein adhik nirantar vichaar", yeh tukadon mein likhaa gayaa thaa aur 20 veen shatabdi key beach taka tukade kabhi bhee ekikrit yaa prakaashit naheen hue they.
prabhaav.
byronic naayak.
child herolds tirthayatra" key naayak ney aatm-nirvaasit puraane naayak kaa udaaharan prastut kiya. unake virodhi charitra kaa saransh lord maikaale key nibandh "moors life off lord byron" ("edinberg sameeksha", 1831) mein diyaa gayaa haye. "yeh kahana bahut mushkil haye kii lord byron kewal ack hii vyakti koo pradarshit curr sakata thaa-ack vyakti garvit, manodasha, sanaki, apane maathe parr avagya key saath, aur apane dill mein dukh key saath; apani tarah kaa tiraskar karane vaalaa, badala lene mein aksham, phir bhee gahara aur majboot sneh karane mein saksham...yeh usa pravritti kaa avalokan karane key liye utsuk haye joe lord byron key samvaad mein hamesha hoti haye, samvaad key apane charitra koo khone aur swagat banane key liye."
iss prakaar koo 1818 mein "tirthayatra" key canto IV key roop mein prakaashit thomas lava pcock key "duhswapna mathh" mein udas shree cyprus key roop mein caricature kiya gayaa thaa. kavi kii kupratha aur nirashajanak ghoshana 'veertapurna' drishtikon kaa saransh haih "mujhe apane liye yaa dusaron key liye koee ummeed naheen haye. hamara jeevan ack jhoothi prakriti haye; yeh cheejon key samanjasya mein naheen haye; yeh ack sarv-visfotak upa haye jisaki jarh prithvi haye, aur jisake patte akash hain joe maanav jaati parr apana jahar barasaate hain. humm apani yuvavastha seey murajha jaate hain; humm apraapya bhalai key liye anakahi pyaas key saath haanfate hain; pahale seey laker aakhiri taka fantum-prem, prasiddhi, mahatvakanksha, lobh-sabhi bekaar, aur sabhi beemar-kaee naamon kaa ack ulka, joe mrityu key dhuein mein gayab hoe jaataa haye."lagbhag harr shabd dou canto key chhand, 124 aur 126 seey lipyantarit haye.
ack baar jaba byron kii kavita ney veertapurna prototype launch kiya thaa, tou yeh alekjendar pushkin key "eugene onegin" (1825-32) parr ack prabhaav bunn gayaa, jahaan kavita key naayak kii tulanaa kaee baar child harold seey kii gaee haye. ekgin naayak kii udasi koo saajha kartaa haye joe prasann naheen hoe sakati (1.38) aur usake sapane (4.44); lekin shayed usake vyavhaar kaa mishran kewal itane saare mask hain, aur iss sambandh mein usaki tulanaa ghumakkad key saath-saath bachche key harold (8.8) seey kii jaati haye. tatiana bhee sochati haye kii kyaa ekin key bhesh usey "harold kii poshak mein ack muscovite, ack aadhunik sekand-haind sanskaran" banaate hain.
lekin 19veen shatabdi key poorvaardh mein usa mudra kii sarahana kii gaee hogi, dwiteeya vishva yuddh taka naayak key ravaiye key prati pratikriya sandeh kii or badh gaee thee. see. aiss. dha scrutep latters" (1941) mein, bachchon koo "kaalpanik kashton key liye aatm-dayaa mein doobe hue" romantic prakaar key roop mein vargeekrit kiya gayaa haye, jinake liye "paanch minut kaa vaastavik daant dard [unake] romantic dukhon koo prakat karega joe way murkhtapurna they. samaan roop seey, see key bluff hiro. aiss. vanpal kii "dha commodore" (1945) ney prerana key liye apane prishthon koo palatate hue byron kii kavita koo "bamvarshak aur utsaahi" key roop mein khariz curr diyaa.
sangeet.
kavita key pahale dou khand "child herolds teerthyaatraah ack romant, aur anya kavitaaen" sheershak key tahat jaari kiye gaye they. byron key daure seey utpann honey vaali una "anya kavitaon" mein seey bees theen. inn teen geeton koo pahale seey hii ullikhit kiya gayaa haye jinhen cantos aaee aur aaee mein shamil kiya gayaa thaa. paanch poorak geet sangeetkaron dwara nirdhaarit kiye gaye they, jyaadaatar 19veen shatabdi key dauran aur kabhi-kabhi anuvaadit sanskaranon mein. "unn parting" ("chumban, priya naukarani, aapka honth chhod diyaa haye"), udaaharan key liye, ludwig vaine beethoven aur kuchh 25 anya sangeetkaron dwara sett kiya gayaa thaa; geet "athens kii naukarani, eere vee part" mein charles gaunad key saath-saath anya german aur italvi mein ack setting thee.
geet "alvida! alvida! meraa mool tata, joe "tirthayatra" key pahale khand mein dikhaai diyaa, 1814 kii shuruat mein sthaapit kiya gayaa thaa, lekin "merey mool tata alvida" shabd key saath, aur spasht roop seey lambe samay seey sthaapit opera "dha maid off dha mill" mein shamil kiya gayaa thaa. ise kuchh baarah anya sangeetkaron key saath-saath german aur dennish anuvaadon mein bhee sthaapit kiya gayaa thaa. aur geeton key alawa, "tirthayatra" key canto III key kewal dou spensorian panktiyon mein sangeet kii setting theeh 1979 mein americi sangeetkaar lairi austin dwara 72vaan pankti aur robbert wonn hornstein dwara 85vaan pankti kaa german anuvaad (1833-1890).
dou europeeya romantic sangeetkaar bhee they jinhone apane karyakramatmak karyon mein "child herold kii tirthayatra" kaa ullekh kiya thaa. hector berlios ney apane gyapanon mein darj kiya kii, "harold aine itali" (1834) kii rachana mein, vaha abruzi mein apane bhatakane kii yaadon koo aakarshit karna chaahte they, jisase kii shuruat mein vayala key liye ekal koo "byron key child harold" ("unn sort dee rever melancolic dance leey shally doo child-harold dee byron") key tareeke seey udas karane vaalaa sammaan banaaya jaa sakey. phir bhee, donald toway ney apane kaam key vishleshan mein bataaya haye kii "" child herold "key kissy bhee prasiddh ansh key berlinios key sangeet mein koee nishan naheen haye.
franz liszt key swiss praakritik drishyon key kaee pratilekhon mein unake "annies dee pellerines" (1830 key dashak key dauran rachit) key saath byron kii kavita key canto III key shilalekh they, lekin jabaki uddharan sangeet key bhaavnaatmak swar mein fitt hotey hain, way kabhi-kabhi sandarbh mein alag hotey hain. iss prakaar liszt kaa doosara tukada, "auo laak dee wallenstad" (jheel wallenstad dwara), lahardaar paani key udgam key saath, laak leman (chhand 68) kii abhee bhee paraavartak satah key vivaran key saath haye. haalaanki, agale kuchh uddharanon key beach adhik ekroopata haye. liszt kaa paanchvaan tukada, "orage" (toofaan), canto 96 seey mausam vigyaan aur bhaavnaatmak mausam key byron key samatulya key saath aataa haye. chhathe tukade mein swar kaa parivartan, "valley dee 'oberman", byron key 97 vein charan key anta mein manodasha key sankraman seey sanket milata haye; aur 98 vein charan kii shantipurna shuruat baad key "iglog" (grahan) key saath hoti haye. teen sannihit panktiyon seey kheenche gaye iss anukram key baad, antim tukada, "less cloaches dee jenev" (geneva bails), kavita mein panktiyon key laakh leman anukram mein lautata haye aur ack aur visangati pradaan kartaa haye. 72 pankti seey uddhrit dou panktiyaan sangeet key shaant swar mein fitt baithati hain, lekin kewal baad mein dou panktiyon kii "maanav shaharon" kii asweekriti koo nazarandaj karke. berlinose aur liszt donon key tukadon key mamle mein, "childs harolds tirthayatra" key saath unakaa judaav iss baat kaa sanket haye kii unaki vyakhya kaise kii jaani haye, jisamen teenon kritiyaan vyaktiparak aur aatmakathaatmak hain. haalaanki, sangeet paath seey swatantra haye.
painting.
jey. aim. doubleu. turner byron kii kavita key prashansak they aur unhone kaee chitron key vishay "tirthayatra" key drishya banaae. turner una logon mein seey they jinhen byron (1832) mein villium finden key paridrishya chitron key liye utkeern kiye jaane vaale chitra pradaan karane key liye niyukt kiya gayaa thaa, jisamen kavita key drishya bhee shamil they. turner key pahale key chitron mein seey ack "waterloo key kshetra" (1818) parr narsamhar kaa thaa, jisake saath canto III, schlock 28 seey varnanatmak panktiyaan theen. isake liye, kavi ney 1815 mein yuddh key maidan kaa daura kiya thaa aur 1817 mein turner kiya thaa. phir 1832 mein unhone ack painting kaa pradarshan kiya, joe isake sheershak mein "child harrold kii tirthayatra-itali" (1832) dwara sandarbhit thee, jisamen canto IV, chhand 26 seey shaahi shakti key gujarane parr pratibimbit panktiyaan theen. turner kaa "ahrenitstein" (1835) abhee bhee ack aur paridrishya thaa, joe iss samay canto III, stanzes ids 1 mein vishay kii upasthiti seey ack aur paridrishya thaa. halanki chitrakaar koo pahali baar byron kii kavita key kaaran iss sthaan parr kheencha gayaa hoga, lekin unhone joe kuchh banaaya vaha beach key varshon mein karibi vyaktigat parichit seey aaya.
americi thomas cole bhee ack painting key vishay key liye byron gaye, halanki yeh iss mamle mein "manfried" key liye thaa aur aamtaur parr ack kalpanashil punah vyakhya haye. unake chitron kii shrinkhala "samrajya kaa maarg" (1833-6) bhee isi tarah thee, jisake sandarbh mein unhone sabhyata key madhyam seey sanskritiyon key uday parr rekhaaon koo uddhrit kiya, "tirthayatra key" canto IV, chhand 108. coley key "ageria key fawware" (lagbhag usee samay chitrit aur abb khou gayaa) key saath usee kavita kii rekhaaen theen.

