
aadam smaarak (sant-gaudens)

addams smaarak marian hooper addams aur heinry addams key liye ack kabr kaa nishan haye.
rock creak kabristan, washington, dee key khand ee mein sthit haye.see. smaarak mein augustus sent-gaudens dwara ack kansya roopak murtikala haye (jise unhone "baad kaa rahasya aur ishwar kii shaanti joe samajh koo paar karati haye" kahaa, lekin aksar samachar patron mein ise "duhkh" kahaa jaataa thaa). sent-gaudens kii kafit-aakriti vaali moorti ack grenite block key khilaf baithi haye joe ack shatkon plaza key ack taraf leey jaati haye, jise vastukar steinford white dwara design kiya gayaa haye. pratima key paar agantukon key liye ack patthar kii bench haye. poore koo ghaney shankudhari key ack karibi screen dwara aashray diyaa jaataa haye.
itihas.
bachpan seey clover key roop mein jaane jaane vaale marian kaa janm ack samriddh, patrickian, udaarvaadi boston parivaar mein huaa thaa. 1891 mein banaaya gayaa, smaarak lekhak/itihaaskaar heinry addams (addams key raajneetik parivaar key ack sadasya) dwara unaki patni, marian "clover" hooper addams key smaarak key roop mein banaaya gayaa thaa. avasaad seey peedit, usane potasium sinide kaa sevan karke khud koo maar daala thaa, joe ack rasayan thaa jiska upayog tasveeren banaane key liye kiya jaataa thaa. vaha ack buddhiman aur vyaapak roop seey yatra karane vaali photographer aur bhashavid key roop mein jaani jaati thee; unake anuvaad aur shodh unake adhik prasiddh pati heinry key liye amulya they. aadam ney sant-gaudon koo bauddh bhakti kalaa seey pratishthit chhaviyon parr vichaar karane kii salah dee. aisaa hii ack vishay, cannon (jise guan yinn, karuna key bodhisatva key roop mein bhee jaanaa jaataa haye) koo aksar kapade mein lipate baithe aakriti key roop mein darshaaya jaataa haye. vishesh roop seey, lalit kalaa sangrahalaya, boston key sangrah mein, aur johnn lafarge dwara sent-gaudens koo dikhaae gaye, canoe motonobu dwara cannon kii ack painting ney iss murtikala kii avadharana aur design koo prabhaavit karane mein ack pramukh bhoomika nibhai haye. malakite-hurry aakriti ack laal grenite munch parr baithati haye, joe monochromatic patthar seey katey gaye pahale key smarakon key samudra mein ack ullekhaniya apavaad haye.
heinry addams, jinhone iss smaarak key liye prerana khojane key liye jahira taur parr johnn lafarge key saath japan kii yatra kii, vishesh roop seey chaahte they kii shaant achal bauddh maanav aakritiyon key tatvon koo cannon seey judey jharane jaise vastra key vipareet kiya jaae. way taba mille they jaba laa faarz boston key trinity church (1873-77) key liye andaruni nirmaan mein lagey hue they, heinry hobson richardson dwara ack meal kaa patthar americi imarat, jinhone addams key washington ghar koo bhee design kiya thaa. laa faarz ney purvi kalaa aur darshan key baare mein addams key gyaan kaa vistaar kiya, joe usa samay suruchipurna vritton mein prachalit thaa. sthir aur bahate tatvon key alawa, smaarak key dwaitvaad mein aakriti mein hii purush-mahila sanlayan shamil haye aur aakriti key asiai aur europeeya aadarshon kaa mishran haye. maanak veertapurna aakriti key liye yeye jaanch ack mahila key liye ack "jawabi mudra" banaane key liye sanyojan karati hain joe aam taur parr smarakon koo napsand karati haye. sent-gaudens france mein apane pravaas seey peris kii antim sanskar kalaa seey bhee prabhaavit hoe sakate hain. aisaa prateet hotaa haye kii unhone laa faarz key margadarshan mein vibhinn murtikala sambhaavanaon key saath kaee varshon taka sangharsh kiya haye, jinhone moortikaar aur graahak key beach ack madhyasth key roop mein kaam kiya.
kansya aakriti key liye sant-gaudens kaa naam "baad kaa rahasya aur ishwar kii shaanti joe samajh seey gujarati haye" haye, lekin janata aamtaur parr ise "duhkh" kahati haye-ack aisaa naam jise heinry addams spasht roop seey napsand karate hain. 24 janwari, 1908 koo hommer sant-gaudens koo sambodhit ack patra mein, addams ney unhein nirdesh diyaah
"duniya koo merey chitra koo ack naam seey tagg karane kii anumati naa dein! harr patrika lekhak ise lokpriya upbhog key liye kuchh americi patent dawa key roop mein label karna chaahata haye-"duhkh", "nirasha", "nashpati kaa sabun", yaa "messi key purushon key soot koo maapane key liye banaaya gayaa". aapke pitaa kaa matlab ack sawal poochhana thaa, jawab denaa naheen; aur joe aadami jawab dega vaha anant kaal taka una logon kii tarah abhishapt rahega jinhone sphinx kaa jawab diyaa."
apani shiksha mein..."heinry addams moorti aur usake dubhashiyon parr pratibimbit karate hainh" unakaa pahala kadam, washington lautane parr, unhein rock creak key roop mein jaane jaane vaale kabristan mein leey gayaa, kansya aakriti koo dekhane key liye joe sent haye. unaki anupasthiti mein gaudan ney unake liye kaam kiya thaa. ... itna hii naheen, unhone kabhi bhee yeh sawal karane key baare mein naheen socha kii iska kyaa matlab haye. unhone maanaa kii iska arth isake baare mein ack aam baat haye-maanav vichaar key liye gyaat sabse purana vichaar. ... jaise hii aadam vahaan baithe, logon kii sankhya aaee, kyonki yeh aakriti ack paryatak fashion bunn gaee thee, aur sabhi iska arth jaanana chaahte they. ... sabhi mahaan kalakaron kii tarah, sent. gaudan ney darpan koo pakad liya aur aur naheen."
sant-gaudens kii mrityu key samay, pratima koo americi murtikala key ack mahatvapurna kaam key roop mein jaanaa jaataa thaa. isaki lokpriyata ney cumm seey cumm ack pramukh prati, "black aggy" koo prerit kiya, jise general felix agnus koo unaki kabr key liye betch diyaa gayaa thaa.
16 march, 1972 koo aadam smaarak koo aitihaasik sthaanon key rashtriya register mein soochibaddh kiya gayaa thaa.

