
grissel aur peto

grissel aur peto thomas grissel aur unake chachere bhaai morton peto key beach ack sivil engineering saajhedaari thee jisane landan mein kaee pramukh imaraton aur smarakon kaa nirmaan kiya aur usa samay key teji seey badhate railway key nirmaan mein pramukh thekedaaron mein seey ack bunn gayaa.
prishthabhoomi.
thomas grissel (1801-1874) mool roop seey apane chaacha heinry peto key paas prashikshu they. ack baar jaba unaki prashikshuta samaapt hoe gaee tou grissel koo ack saajhedaari mein apane chaacha key saath shamil honey key liye aamantrit kiya gayaa thaa.
saimuel morton peto (1809-1889), jise aam taur parr morton peto key roop mein jaanaa jaataa haye, koo bhee apane chaacha heinry peto key paas prashikshu banaaya gayaa thaa. 1830 mein heinry peto kii mrityu seey pahale unaki prashikshuta kuchh samay key liye samaapt hoe gaee.
heinry peto kii mrityu parr, thomas grissel aur morton peto ney ack saajhedaari, grissel aur peto kaa gathan kiya, joe 1830 aur 1847 key beach sanchaalit huaa.
kiye gaye anubandh.
pahala anubandh joe grissel aur peto ney jeetaa vaha landan key strand mein charring cross mein hungerford bajar key punarnirmaan key liye thaa. usa samay peto kewal 21 varsh key they aur unaki yuvavastha ney nividaon parr vichaar karane vaali samiti key beach kuchh chinta paida kii haye. peton ney samiti key saath mulakat kii jaba nividaaen kholi gaeen aur peton koo 400 pound seey sabse cumm paaya gayaa. samiti key adhyaksh, devon key earl ney peton koo kamare seey baahar jaane key liye kahaa, aur vaapas bulaaye jaane parr earl ney unhein soochit kiya kii samiti itane yuva vyakti koo itna mahatvapurna anubandh dene key baare mein bahut chintit thee. peto ney jawab diyaa kii aggar way chaahte hain kii vaha apane saathi koo laae, joe kissy bhee cheez key liye kaafee boodhaa lugg rhaa thaa; yeh kahate hue kii uska yuva roop ack samasya thee, tou vaha "chashma pahanane kaa prayaas karega, yaa khud koo badhati umr kaa roop dene kaa koee anya tarika apanaayega."
peto ney likhaah
hamein bahut kuchh karna haye-ack badaa vyavasaay aur seemit poonji kaee hatotsaahit karane vaali paristhitiyon koo prastut karati haye; lekin aap jaanate hain kii hamein 'aage badhana' chaahiye (grissel parivaar kaa aadarsh vaakya). hamane bhookh bajar key liye ack nivida banaai haye-hamari raashi 42,400 pound thee; yeh sweekaar curr lii gaee thee; lekin humm nirash naheen hotey hain, bhugtan bahut achche hain-harr teen maheene mein teen-chauthai, aur ise puuraa karane key liye dou saal."
firm kii shuruati kathinaaiyon koo door kiya gayaa thaa. unakaa pahala anubandh bahut hii laabhkaari saabit huaa aur way raajya mein sabse mahatvapurna bhawan nirmaan companiyon mein seey ack bunn gaye. lagbhag 40 saal baad likhate hue, peto ney yaad kiya, "ack imarat kaa vyavasaay bahut achchha haye aggar ack aadami ise achchi tarah seey jaanata haye. jaba main shree key saath thaa. grissel, hamara samanya vyavasaay niyamit roop seey badey sharaab banaane kii dukaanon aur agnishaman karyalayon seey aataa haye, aur vastukaron key saath hamaare apane sambandh kaa kaam, ausatan £11,000 seey £12,000 prati varsh parr nett kiya, aur usa vibhaag mein kewal £50,000 kii poonji luggy hui haye."
grissel aur peto ney landan mein kaee anya prasiddh imaraton kaa nirmaan kiya, jinamen reform club, oxford aind cambridge club, lysium, sent james theatre aur hungerford market shamil hain. isake alawa, unhone nelson key stambh (1843) aur landan eent seaver kii vishal buniyaadi dhancha pariyojana kaa nirmaan kiya.
jaise-jaise railway kii maang badhee, grissel aur peto ney railway nirmaan kaa ack badaa sauda kiya, jisamen shamil hainh
antim anubandh joe grissel aur peto ney liye they, way sansad key nae sadanon key liye they.
1840 mein shuru huaa, pahala anubandh vaktaa key nivaas aur pustakalayon key saath-saath themus nadee key saamane kii imaraton kii shrinkhala key liye thaa. doosara anubandh house off lords aind commons, grate central holl, victoria holl, royal gallery aur house off commons karyalayon key liye thaa. teesara anubandh sent key liye thaa. stephen kaa holl aur baramda.
saajhedaari kii samaapti.
saajhedaari bahut safal rahee lekin grissel koo badey railway anubandhon mein shamil jokhim aur bhaari vittiya pratibaddhata pasand naheen aaee, halanki way jyaadaatar bahut laabhdaayak they, jabaki peto ney mahsoos kiya kii railway anubandhon kii laabhpradata jokhimon seey adhik thee. sansad key sadanon parr kaam key dauran, grissel aur peto 2 march 1846 koo aupchaarik viram key saath apani saajhedaari koo bhang karane key liye sahmat hue.
grissel ney bhawan nirmaan vyavasaay, aaree-milon aur parisar aur nadee sudhaar anubandh koo bhee apane haath mein leey liya.
peto ney railway key karyon koo sambhaalaah
peto ney likhaah
"yeye teen anubandh mujhe poori tarah seey ruchi dene key liye paryaapt roop seey kabja curr lenge. meraa saaraa stock-inn-trade 25,000 pound kaa hoga, aur baaki sabhi spasht poonji hogi... shree. grissel hamaare stock-inn-trade aur 150,000 pound key sanyantra key saath khadaa hoga, jisamen firm key liye banaae gaye ghar aur bhawan shamil hain, aur isake alawa, usake paas paise mein ack badee aur prachur matra mein poonji hogi; lekin, taba, merey paas sabhi paise mein honey key kaaran lekin 25,000 pound, merey paas yeh spasht aur upayog karane key liye taiyar hoga, yaa kuchh ack yaa dou badey railway karyon koo lena, aur kuchh bhee naheen, joe merey aadhe samay parr kabja curr legaa, aur phir poonji kii shakti hamesha, merey pichhale anubhav key saath, mujhe kissy key liye bhee ack pratiyogi key roop mein jaane binaa ack vareeyata degi."
usa varsh, peto ney edward bett key saath ack saajhedaari kii, jise peto aur bett key roop mein jaanaa jaataa haye, jinhone anya railway nirmaan anubandhon key beach, nitecoat aur birmingham snow hill mein oxford aur ragbi railway key uttari chhor key beach birmingham aur oxford junction railway kaa nirmaan kiya. isase pahale, grissel aur peto dakshin purvi railway key heith seey lock patthar khand parr kaam curr rahey they aur regget aur lock patthar key beach ballasting aur sthaayi maarg key liye anubandh beton dwara kiya gayaa thaa. 1842 mein grissel aur peto koo namak kii lakadi kii surang key saath kathinaaiyaan theen aur donon companiyan ack saath surang koo puuraa karane key liye sahmat huin. baad mein bett ney peto kii bahan, aine seey shaadi kii.
isake baad.
baad mein yeh paaya gayaa kii ack baar grissel aur peto key antim khaate poore hoe jaane key baad, peto koo atirikt £5,000 milane chaahiye they. grissel bhugtan karna chaahata thaa lekin peto ney incar curr diyaa. varshon baad, gambhir vittiya kathinaaiyon mein rahate hue peto kii mrityu hoe gaee. grissel ney apani vaseeyat key liye ack codicil dwara, 5,000 pound koo peto key sabse badey bete key liye chhod diyaa.

