venezuela sharanarthi sankat

venezuela sharanarthi sankat, america mein sabse badaa abhilikhit sharanarthi sankat, bolivarian kranti key kaaran hyugo chaavez aur nicolas maduro kii adhyakshata key dauran apane mool desh seey laakhon venezuelvaasiyon key pravaas koo sandarbhit kartaa haye. kranti ack saanskritik aur raajneetik varchasva sthaapit karane key liye chaavez aur baad mein maduro dwara ack prayaas thaa, jisaki parinati bolivarian venezuela mein sankat mein hui. parinamswarup sharanarthi sankat kii tulanaa cuba key nirvaasiton, siriyai sharanarthiyon aur europeeya pravaasi sankat seey prabhaavit logon seey kii gaee haye. bolivarian sarkaar ney kissy bhee pravaasi sankat seey incar karate hue kahaa haye kii sanyukt rashtra aur anya venezuela key bheetar videshi hastakshep koo uchit thaharaane kaa prayaas curr rahey hain.
"newsweak" ney "bolivarian diaspora" koo "badey paimaane parr bhaagya key ulatafer" key roop mein varnit kiya, jahaan "ulatafer" 20 veen shatabdi key dauran venezuela kii uchch aapravaasan darr key saath tulanaa haye. shuru mein, uchch varg key venezuelian aur vidvaanon ney chaavez key rashtrapati key dauran pravaas kiya, lekin desh mein sthiti bigadane key kaaran madhyam aur nimn varg key venezuelian jaane lagey. yeh ack mastishk nikasi kaa kaaran banaa haye joe desh koo prabhaavit kartaa haye, kyonki badee sankhya mein pravasiyon key kaaran joe shikshit yaa kushal hain. desh mein vipakshi rajneeti seey nirasha key baad, rashtrapati maduro kaa virodh karane vaale venezuel key logon ney bhee desh chhod diyaa, jisake parinamswarup maduro sarkaar key liye samarthan badh gayaa. sankat key dauran, venezuel key logon seey aksar apane mool desh chhodane kii unaki ichcha key baare mein poochha gayaa haye, aur disambar 2015 key sarvekshan mein poochhe gaye 30 pratishat seey adhik logon ney kahaa kii unhone sthaayi roop seey venezuela chhodane kii yojana banaai haye. dattincorp key anusaar, 57 pratishat uttardaataa desh chhodana chaahte they, isaliye yeh pratishat agale sitambar mein lagbhag doguna hoe gayaa. 2019 key madhya taka, desh kii aabaadi kaa lagbhag 13 pratishat, chaalees laakh seey adhik venezuelvasi, 1999 mein kranti shuru honey key baad seey pravaas curr chuke they.
sanyukt rashtra ney bhavishyavani kii kii 2019 key anta taka, venezuela sankat key dauran 5 million seey adhik darj kiye gaye pravasiyon kii sankhya hogi, joe aabaadi kaa 15 pratishat seey adhik haye. brooking sansthaan dwara 2018 key anta mein kiye gaye ack adhyayan ney sujhaav diyaa kii 2019 key anta taka deshantar 60 laakh taka pahunch jaayega-venezuela kii 2017 kii aabaadi kaa lagbhag 20 pratishat-paramarsh dwara 2019 key madhya mein kiye gaye ack sarvekshan key saath 21 ney anuman lagaaya kii iss bindu taka 60 laakh venezuela key pravaasi desh chhodkar bhaag gaye they; 2020 mein jaane vaale anumaanon ney sujhaav diyaa kii venezuela key pravasiyon aur sharanarthiyon kii sankhya 60 laakh key aankade koo paar curr rahee thee, iss samay siriyai grihyuddh seey sharanarthiyon kii utani hii sankhya thee, joe darj kiye gaye venezuela sankat seey kaee saal pahale shuru hui thee aur usa samay duniya mein sabse kharaab maanviya aapada maani jaati thee. octuber 2022 taka anuman badhkar 7.1 laakh hoe gayaa thaa.
norwey kii sharanarthi parishad, brookings sansthaan aur david smolansky, americi raajya key venezuelan sharanarthi sankat key aayukt key sangathan ney anuman lagaaya haye kii sankat aadhunik itihas mein vartamaan mein sabse cumm vitt poshit sharanarthi sankat mein seey ack haye.
itihas.
newsweak" key anusaar, 20veen shatabdi key dauran, "venezuela purani duniya key daman aur asahishnuta seey bhaag rahey apravasiyon key liye ack aashray sthal thaa. 1983 mein tail kii kimaton key girane key baad cumm daron parr pravaas shuru huaa, halanki pravaas kii badhee hui darr, vishesh roop seey peshevaron kii udaan, kaafee hudd taka bolivian kranti key baad badhee, jiska netritva venezuela key rashtrapati hyugo chaavez ney kiya thaa. andress bello catholic vishvavidyalaya key aarthik aur samajik anusandhaan sansthaan key pramukh anitza freetage ney kahaa kii chaavaz key karyakal key dauran deshantar adhik pramukh hoe gayaa, mukhya karanon key roop mein "vyaktigat vikas kii sambhaavanaon aur vyaktigat suraksha" koo jimmedaar thaharaaya.
praarambhik pravaas.
1998 mein, jaba chaavez pahali baar chune gaye they, tou sanyukt raajya america mein sharan dene vaale venezuelaanon kii sankhya 1998 aur 1999 key beach badhee. chaavez key garib logon koo adhik dhana aavantit karane key vaade ney ameer aur madhyam varg key venezuelaanon key beach chinta paida curr dee, jisase bolivian sarkaar seey bhaagne vaale pravasiyon kii pahali lahar shuru hoe gaee.
2002 key venezuela takhtapalat key prayaas key baad aur 2006 mein chaavez key punah chunaav key baad pravaas kii atirikt laharen aaeen. 2009 mein, yeh anuman lagaaya gayaa thaa kii hyugo chaavez key rashtrapati banane key baad seey duss varshon mein duss laakh seey adhik venezuelvasi pravaas curr chuke they. venezuela key kendriya vishvavidyalaya (yuu. see. vee.) key anusaar, 1999 aur 2014 key beach anumaanit 15 laakh venezuel (desh kii kull aabaadi kaa chaar seey chhah pratishat) pravaas curr gaye.
venezuela mein sankat.
shikshaavidon aur vyaparik netaaon ney kahaa haye kii shaavez key rashtrapati pada key antim varshon key dauran aur nicolas maduro key rashtrapati pada key dauran venezuela seey pravaas mein kaafee vriddhi hui. samay key saath, sankat key dauran pravaas mein naatakiya roop seey vriddhi hui aur isamen cumm aaya vaale venezuel key loga shamil honey lagey, jinn logon koo shaavez ney sahaayata karane kaa vaadaa kiya thaa aur joe desh key aarthik sankat mein bhookh kaa saamana curr rahey they. venezuel key purush shuru mein apani patniyon, bachchon aur bujurg rishtedaron koo peechhe chhod gaye kyonki way ghar vaapas paise bhejane key liye kaam khojane key liye desh seey bhaag gaye they. maataaen aur bachche baad mein apane parivaaron koo khojane key liye venezuela chhod denge kyonki way sankat key saath aur adhik badh gaye kyonki preshan unaki dainik jarooraton koo banaae naheen rakh sakata thaa.
maduro kaa chunaav aur 2014 key virodh pradarshan.
2013 mein maduro key chunaav key baad aur 2014 mein virodh pradarshan tej honey key saath, venezuela seey pravaas darr badhee. sambaddh press ney bataaya kii venezuela key madhyam varg ney iss samay palayan karna shuru curr diyaa kyonki sankat adhik kamee, mudrasfeeti aur ashanti key saath teevra hoe gayaa.
2012 aur 2015 key beach, pravaas karane vaale venezuel key logon kii sankhya mein 2,889 pratishat kii vriddhi hui. 2015 mein, pee. jee. aeye. samooh ney anuman lagaaya kii kull lagbhag 18 laakh venezuelvasi pravaas curr gaye they. agale varsh, ack anumaanit 150,000 seey adhik venezuelvasi pravaas curr gaye; pravasiyon kaa adhyayan karane vaale vidwan, jinhen "newyork times" ney "palayan" key roop mein sandarbhit kiya, kathit taur parr kahaa kii yeh "ack dashak seey adhik samay mein sabse adhik [sankhya] thee.
2017 kaa samvaidhaanik sankat aur samvidhaan sabhaa chunaav.
2017 key venezuela key samvaidhaanik sankat key dauran, columbia ney venezuela key sharanarthiyon kii vriddhi key liye taiyari kii. columbia sarkaar key anusaar, 2017 kii pahali chhamaahi mein 100,000 seey adhik venezuelian kolambiya chaley gaye. 2017 key venezuelan samvidhaan sabhaa chunaavon key liye, columbia ney venezuelan nagrikon koo sthaayi nivaas kii ack vishesh anumati dee joe 25 julaai seey pahale desh mein pravesh curr gaye they; 22,000 seey adhik venezuelian ney karyakram key pahale 24 ghanton mein columbia mein sthaayi nivaas key liye aavedan kiya. sharanarthiyon key liye sanyukt rashtra uchchaayukt ney paaya kii poore lattin america mein mezban deshon ney 2014 aur 2017 key beach duss laakh seey adhik venezuelan basane kii soochana dee. antar-sarkari antarrashtriya sangathan pravaas (iom) key samaan aankade they, jisamen lagbhag duss laakh venezuelan apane aankadon mein 2015 aur 2017 key beach pravaas curr rahey they; anya aankadon seey sanket milata haye kii iom kii sankhya roodhivaadi hoe sakati haye.
2018 kaa maduro kaa punah chunaav.
maee 2018 mein rashtrapati maduro key vivadaspad punah chunaav key baad, deshantar jaari rhaa; venezuel key logon kaa maanana thaa kii maduro kii neetiyaan naheen badalengi, aur desh mein sthitiyaan bigadati rahengi. sitambar 2018 mein, sharanarthiyon key liye sanyukt rashtra uchchaayukt key kshetriya pratinidhi ney aadhikarik taur parr sankat kii tulanaa siriyai grih yuddh key kaaran pravaasi aur sharanarthi sankat seey kii. navambar 2018 mein aaee. oh. aim. ney jaari kiye gaye aankadon seey pataa chalata haye kii 1999 mein bolivarian kranti shuru honey key baad seey venezuela seey bhaagne vaale sharanarthiyon kii sankhya badhkar 30 laakh hoe gaee thee, joe desh kii aabaadi kaa lagbhag 10 pratishat haye.
rashtrapati sankat.
2019 mein, venezuela kii rashtriya vidhansabha key adhyaksh juan guedo ney khud koo venezuela key karyavahak rashtrapati ghoshit curr diyaa, jisase rashtrapati sankat kii shuruat hui. 30 aprail, 2019 koo, guido ney maduro koo satta seey hataane key liye ack sainya vidroh kaa netritva karane kaa prayaas kiya, jisamen yojana antatah whiffle hoe gaee. pravaas ack baar phir badh gayaa kyonki venezuel key logon ney bhavishyavani kii thee kii way mahatvapurna parivartan naheen dekhenge aur vipaksh kii galatiyon key kaaran. venezuela mein raajneetik parivartan kii sambhavana cumm honey key saath, venezuela-polster consulters dwara julaai 2019 mein kiye gaye ack sarvekshan mein anuman lagaaya gayaa thaa kii 4.7 seey 60 laakh venezuela key logon ney desh chhod diyaa thaa. iss bindu taka, venezuela sharanarthi sankat koo duniya mein doosara sabse buraa maanaa jaataa thaa, joe siriyai grih yuddh key baad thaa. 2019 key anta mein, rashtrapati maduro ney khud koo satta mein dridhata seey sthaapit curr liya thaa aur unakaa virodh hatotsaahit hoe gayaa thaa, jisake parinamswarup alochakon ney desh chhod diyaa thaa, jabaki maduro koo venezuel key logon seey adhik samarthan milaa thaa joe baney rahey.
kaaran.
"ell universal" ney bataaya kii yuu. see. vee. adhyayan key anusaar "videshon mein venezuelan samudaayah nirvaasan kii ack naee vidhi", "tommus pays, mercedes vivaas aur juan rafale pulido dwara, bolivian pravaasi" "arthavyavastha aur samajik taane-baane donon key bigadane, badey paimaane parr aparaadh, anishchitata aur nikat bhavishya mein netritva key parivartan kii aashaa kii kamee" "key kaaran huaa haye. "wall street journal ney kahaa kii kaee" "safed-collar venezuel key loga desh kii uchch aparaadh darr, badhati mudrasfeeti aur saankhyikiya niyantran kaa vistaar karate hue bhaag gaye hain. venezuela key vartamaan aur poorv nagrikon key adhyayanon ney sanket diyaa kii desh chhodane key karanon mein swatantrata kii kamee, uchch star kii asuraksha aur avsar kii kamee shamil thee. link consultants key nideshak auskar hernandez ney kahaa kii deshantar key karanon mein aarthik mudde shamil hain, halanki asuraksha aur kanuni anishchitataaen mukhya kaaran hain.
aparaadh aur asuraksha.
venezuela kii aparaadh darr deshantar kaa ack pramukh kaaran haye. samajshastri tommus pays key anusaar, venezuela key maataa-pitaa aur daadaa-daadi yuvaaon koo apani suraksha key liye desh chhodane key liye protsaahit karate hain.
raajneetik asthirta aur hinsa badhane key saath, venezuela hyugo chaavez key tahat bigad gayaa. gareth aeye key anusaar. johns aur dennis rosers ney apani pustak, "lattin america mein yuva hinsaah pariprekshya mein giroh aur kishore nyaay" mein kahaa haye kii shaavez key rashtrapati pada key saath aae shasson key parivartan ney raajneetik sangharsh kaa kaaran banaa, joe "hinsak mauton kii sankhya aur darr mein aur vriddhi seey chihnit thaa. roberto brisino-leone sahmat hain, likhate hain kii bolivarian kranti ney "pahale joe maujood thaa, samaaj kii" yathaasthiti "koo nasht karane kaa prayaas kiya, jisake parinamswarup asthirta badh rahee haye; unakaa yeh bhee maanana haye kii sarkaar ney hinsa aur aparaadh koo garibi aur asamaanta key kaaran bataate hue inn samajik muddon koo aage badhaaya, aur venezuel kii hatyaa kii darr badhane key saath donon koo cumm karane key baare mein ghamand kiya. chaavez rashtrapati key baad hatyaa kii darr mein vriddhi kaa shreya visheshagyon dwara venezuel key adhikaariyon key bhrashtachar, kharaab bandook niyantran aur ack kharaab nyaayik pranali koo diyaa gayaa haye. hatyaa kii darr 1999 mein prati 100,000 mein 25 seey badhkar 2014 mein prati 100,000 mein 82 hoe gaee.
2018 mein, prati 100,000 logon parr anumaanit 81.4 mautein huin, joe lattin america mein ise sabse adhik darr banaati haye. kisake manakon key aadhar parr, yeh 88 pratishat nagar paalikaon mein hinsa koo ack mahamari banaata haye. aise bhee anuman hain kii venezuela mein iss kshetra mein apaharan kii darr sabse adhik haye aur daavaa haye kii chaavez rashtrapati pada kii shuruat seey 2011 taka apaharan mein bees gunaa seey adhik kii vriddhi hui haye. atirikt nyaayik nishpaadan mein bhee vriddhi hui haye jisamen sarkari bull vishesh kaarravaai bull (aff. aeye. aiss.) ney suraksha abhiyaanon kii aadh mein nishpaadan kiya haye. 2018 mein darj 23,000 hinsak mauton mein seey 7,500 seey adhik satta key prati pratirodh key kaaran hui theen. janwari aur maee 2019 key beach aisee 2,100 mautein darj kii gaeen.
venezuela mein hatyaa kii darr mein bhee 2017 aur 2020 key beach kaafee kamee aaee thee. 2018 mein, venezuela kii hatyaa kii darr-jise duniya mein sabse adhik bataaya gayaa haye-venezuela hinsa vedhshala (oh. vee. vee.) key anusaar prati 100,000 logon parr 81.4 taka cumm honey luggy thee, sangathan ney kahaa kii yeh girawat usa samay desh seey pravaas karane vaale laakhon venezuela key logon key kaaran thee. 2019 mein hatyaa kii darr aur bhee ghatkar 60.3 reh gaee.
arthavyavastha.
badey paimaane parr desh-pratyaavartan key liye ack badaa kaaran desh kii aarthik sthiti thee. venezuela kaa aarthik sankat, jise haal key aarthik itihas mein sabse gambhir mein seey ack key roop mein jaanaa jaataa haye, kaafee hudd taka 2014 mein antarrashtriya tail kii kimaton mein girawat seey prerit thaa aur sarkaaron kii aparyaapt pratikriya key kaaran sankat aur antatah 2017 kii mandee badh gaee, joe paschimi golardh key halia itihas mein sabse kharaab mandee mein seey ack haye.
bolivarian kranti key baad seey kaee vyavasaay malik badhati arthvyavasthaon vaale deshon mein chaley gaye hain. venezuela mein anubhav kiya gayaa aarthik sankat soviyat sangh key vighatan key baad kii ghatnaaon seey bhee badatar haye. jaba seey 2003 mein hyugo chaavez ney poonji udaan koo rokane key prayaas mein sakht mudra niyantran lagu kiye, mudra avamoolyan kii ack shrinkhala ney venezuela kii arthavyavastha koo baadhit curr diyaa haye. moolya niyantran aur anya sarkari neetiyon ney venezuela mein gambhir kamee paida curr dee haye. kamee key parinamswarup, venezuel key logon koo bhojan kii khoj karni chaahiye (kabhi-kabhi jangli phal yaa kachra khaana), ghanton kataar mein intezar karna chaahiye, aur kuchh utpaadon key binaa rehna chaahiye.
2018 key ack gallup vishleshan key anusaar, "[jee] adhik matra mein nirnay lene seey ack domin-prabhaav sankat paida hoe gayaa haye joe lagaatar bigadata jaa rhaa haye, jisase nivasi bhojan aur awas jaisi buniyaadi aavashyaktaon koo puuraa karane mein asamarth hoe gaye hain", venezuel key logon kaa maanana haye kii way kaheen aur behtar jeevan paa sakate hain.
vartamaan mein, venezuela kii arthavyavastha mein mudrasfeeti, avamoolyan, awas sankat, baahari rinn mein vriddhi aur jee. dee. pee. mein 35 pratishat seey adhik kii kamee kaa anubhav jaari haye. antarrashtriya mudra kosh (aaee. aim. aff.) key anusaar, venezuela kii arthavyavastha 2013 aur 2018 key beach 45 pratishat taka sankuchit hoe gaee. venezuela kii mudrasfeeti darr 2015 taka 100 pratishat seey adhik hoe gaee, joe duniya kii uchchatam mudrasfeeti darr aur desh key itihas mein sabse adhik haye. 2018 key anta taka yeh darr badhkar 13.5 laakh pratishat hoe jaayegi. isake alawa, 2019 key anta taka jee. dee. pee. mein atirikt 25 pratishat kii kamee aaney kaa anuman haye.
swaasthya aur swaasthya seva kii pahunch.
venezuela mein aarthik aur raajneetik sthiti ney garibi key badhate star aur bhojan aur dawa sahit sansadhanon kii kamee koo janm diyaa, jisase venezuela key logon key swaasthya aur kalyan parr bahut prabhaav padaa. 2018 mein, yeh anuman lagaaya gayaa thaa kii lagbhag 90 pratishat aabaadi garibi kii sthiti mein reh rahee thee. poshan swaasthya key sambandh mein, 2017 mein venezuel key logon ney ausatan 11 kilogram shareer kaa vajan khou diyaa aur 60 pratishat aabaadi ney bataaya kii unake paas bhojan taka pahunch key liye aavashyak sansaadhan naheen they. desh mein shesh venezuel key logon key paas khaadya padarthon taka bahut cumm pahunch haye, 2018 mein khaadya mantralaya ney bataaya kii 84 pratishat vastuen joe buniyaadi khaadya tokri kaa hissa hain kyonki supermarket mein upalabdh naheen hain. 2014 aur 2018 key beach khaadya utpaadan mein bhee 60 pratishat kii kamee aaee haye, krishi kshetra shavez aur maduro prashaasan donon seey kamjor hoe gaye hain, aur 2014 aur 2016 key beach khaadya ayaat mein 70 pratishat kii kamee aaee haye.
isake alawa, raajya key samanya vibhajan key kaaran swaasthya sevaaon key praavdhaan mein kamee aaee aur swaasthya kshetra bigad gayaa. yeh cumm sansaadhan vaali garib sthiti khasra, diptheria, tapedik aur maleria jaisi beemariyon key uday key liye sahee prajanan sthal thee. varsh 2012 aur 2016 key beach dawa key ayaat mein 70 pratishat kii kamee aaee, 56 dawa companiyon mein seey kewal 15 abhee bhee kaam curr rahee hain, aur 2016 key baad seey 150 seey adhik dawa dukaanen bund hoe gaee hain. 2018 key anta mein, 85 pratishat aavashyak davaaon koo durlabh ghoshit kiya gayaa thaa, aur yuu. aine. key anusaar, 300,000 vyaktiyon koo jokhim haye kyonki unhein ack varsh seey adhik samay seey aavashyak davaaon taka pahunch naheen haye. sarkaar ney 2015 mein rashtriya star key swaasthya sanketkon parr detta prakaashit karna bund curr diyaa haye, lekin sthiti koo gambhir maanaa jaa rhaa haye.
raajneetik daman.
videshon mein venezuel samudaay key anusaarah nirvaasan kaa ack nayaa tarika, bolivarian sarkaar "una logon seey jaane kaa aagrah karegi joe kranti seey asahmat hain, bajaay isake kii way iss pravaasi desh koo honey vaale nuksan key baare mein gaharaai seey sochein. "newsweak" ney bataaya kii shaavez ney "kissy key bhee khilaf kadee mehnat kii haye" joe unake andolan kaa hissa naheen thaa, jisake parinamswarup vigyaan, vyavasaay aur media peshevaron kaa badaa samooh venezuela seey palayan curr rhaa thaa.
2014 mein sanyukt raajya america mein 9,000 venezuela nirvaasit rahate they, europeeya sangh mein nirvaasiton kii sankhya bhee badh rahee thee. yaatana seey bache logon key liye florida kendra ney 2015 mein bataaya kii pichhale varsh seey unhone jinn logon kii sahaayata kii, unamen seey adhikansh venezuel key pravaasi they, sangathan darjanon vyaktiyon aur unake parivaaron key liye manochikitsak, samajik karyakarta, dubhashiya, vakeel aur doctor pradaan kartaa thaa.
prabhaav.
shiksha.
kaee venezuela key pravaasi shikshit peshevar hain. saiman bolivar vishvavidyalaya (yuu. aiss. bee.) key ivan day laa vega ney paaya kii venezuela mein 60 seey 80 pratishat chhatron ney kahaa kii way desh chhodana chaahte hain aur 2015 kii sthitiyon mein vaapas naheen aanaa chaahte hain. praathamik aur maadhyamik vidyalaya key chhaatr bhee prabhaavit hue, media mein aaee khabaron key anusaar school mein bachche bhookh seey behosh hoe rahey they. venezuela key seemavarti kshetron mein, school chhodane kii darr 80 pratishat taka haye.
ack 2014 kii report key anusaar joe kii ivan day laa vega ney likhaa thaa, lagbhag 1 million venezuel key loga shaavez presidency key dauran pravaas curr gaye they, lekin shikshaavidon kii sankhya agyaat thee; 2011 aur 2015 key beach apane 4,000 professors mein seey 700 seey adhik ney khou diyaa.
shaikshik peshevaron key pravaas key pramukh karanon mein venezuela kii aparaadh darr aur cumm sarkari vetan shamil hain. venezuela kii bhautik, ganitiya aur praakritik vigyaan akadami key adhyaksh key anusaar, claudio bifano, venezuela kii adhikansh "praudyogiki aur vaigyaanik kshamata, joe aadhi sadee seey adhik samay seey bunny hui haye, hyugo chaavez key karyakal key dauran khou gaee thee. desh key jee. dee. pee. kaa 2 pratishat vigyaan aur praudyogiki mein nivesh kiye jaane key bavjood, antarrashtriya patrikaon mein prakaashit peparon kii sankhya 2008 seey 2012 taka lagbhag 1,600 seey girkar 1,000 hoe gaee (1997 kaa aankada, jaba venezuela kaa praudyogiki bajat jee. dee. pee. kaa 0.3 pratishat thaa).
saanskritik anusandhaan aur shiksha kendra key nideshak mariano herera ney 2014 mein ganit aur vigyaan key shikshakon key liye aavashyak lagbhag 40 pratishat kii kamee kaa anuman lagaaya. venezuela sarkaar ney simone rodrigues micromission banaakar shikshak kii kamee koo cumm karane kaa prayaas kiya, jisase shaikshik peshevaron key liye snaatak kii aavashyaktaon koo dou saal kii padhaai taka cumm curr diyaa gayaa. janwari seey march 2018 taka, yuu. aiss. bee. mein 120 padon mein seey 102 pada khaali rahey.
videshon mein venezuela samudaayah nirvaasan kii ack naee vidhi key adhyayan ney bataaya kii venezuela key 15 laakh seey adhik pravasiyon mein seey 90 pratishat seey adhik college snaatak they; 40 pratishat key paas master degree thee, aur 12 pratishat key paas doctorate yaa post-doctor kii degree thee. adhyayan mein videshon mein satyaapit aadhikarik detta aur venezuel key logon key sarvekshanon kaa upayog kiya gayaa jinhone desh chhodane kaa faisala kiya thaa.
arthavyavastha.
sarkari moolya niyantran aur bhrashtachar, kamee aur videshi mudra niyantran key kaaran vyavasaayi venezuela seey chaley gaye. lekhakar aur prashaasak aarthik vikas kaa anubhav curr rahey deshon jaise kii argentine, chilly, mexico, peru aur america key liye ravaana hue. lattin america kii aarthik pranali key ack adhyayan mein bataaya gayaa haye kii 1990 aur 2007 key beach venezuela seey anya deshon mein 25 varsh yaa usase adhik ayu key atyadhik kushal shramikon key pravaas mein 216 pratishat kii vriddhi hui haye.
lagbhag 20,000 pee. dee. vee. aiss. aeye. (petrolios dee venezuela) shramikon mein seey anumaanit 75 pratishat joe company chhodkar kaam key liye anya deshon mein chaley gaye. poorv tail engineeron ney uttari samudra mein aur paschimi kanada kii taar rait mein tail rigg parr kaam karna shuru kiya; alberta mein venezuel key logon kii sankhya 2001 mein 465 seey badhkar 2011 mein 3,860 hoe gaee. poorv pee. dee. vee. aiss. aeye. karmchari bhee padosi columbia mein adhik safal tail udyog mein shamil hoe gaye. ell universal" key anusaar, hajaaron tail engineer aur technician, tail udyog mein prashikshan aur visheshagyata (shaikshanik degree seey adhik saarthak) mein saikadon hajaaron maanav-ghante jodate hain, aur pee. dee. vee. aiss. aeye. key adhikansh poorv adhikaari videsh mein kaam curr rahey hain. pee. dee. vee. aiss. aeye. palayan key baad, venezuela key tail utpaadan mein kamee aaee aur kaam seey sambandhit choton mein vriddhi hui.
2019 taka, 50,000 seey adhik engineeron aur vastukaron ney pichhale chhah varshon mein venezuela chhod diyaa thaa, jisamen kuchh venezuelan shram bull koo cheeni samkakshon sahit videshi shramikon dwara pratisthaapit kiya gayaa thaa.
media aur kalaa.
abhineta, nirmaata, tv prastutkarta, samachar anker aur patrakaar kathit taur parr venezuela sarkaar dwara media outlet bund karane yaa sarkari sahaanubhooti rakhane vaalon dwara unaki khareed key baad kolambiya, florida aur spen key liye ravaana hoe gaye hain. sangeetkaar apani sangeet shally koo sweekaar karane vaale sthaanon parr chaley gaye hain.
swaasthya seva.
venezuela sarkaar key paaramparik 6-varsheeya karyakramon key virodh key baad cumm vetan aur maanyata kii kamee key kaaran chikitsak aur chikitsa karmchari, vishesh roop seey niji suvidhaon mein, pravaas curr gaye. isake bajaay bolivarian sarkaar cuba key "samudayik chikitsa doctors" key prashikshan kaa samarthan karati haye. sarkaar ney kathit taur parr suvidhaon taka pahunch aur chikitsak prashikshan key liye dhana koo pratibandhit curr diyaa, jisake kaaran desh bhar mein chikitsa karyakram bund hoe gaye.
venezuela key adhyaksh, dugglus leone natera key chikitsa sangh ney aprail 2015 mein kahaa kii 13,000 seey adhik doctor (desh key kull kaa 50 pratishat seey adhik) pravaas curr chuke they. naterra key anusaar, parinamswarup chikitsak kii kamee ney saarvajanik aur niji aspatalon koo samaan roop seey prabhaavit kiya. march 2018 mein (22,000 doctors key venezuela seey bhaag jaane key baad), kaee chikitsakon kaa vetan prati maah 10 seey cumm thaa.
lattin americi deshon mein, venezuel key doctors kii chikitsa saakh aam taur parr sweekaar kii jaati haye. sanyukt raajya america mein venezuel key logon key liye avsar seemit hain, halanki, chikitsak aksar chikitsa sahayak bunn jaate hain yaa gair-chikitsa kshetron mein kaam karate hain.
aankade.
pravaasi sankhya.
ivan day laa vega key anusaar, videsh mein rahane vaale venezuel key logon kii sankhya 1990 key dashak key madhya seey 2013 taka (50,000 seey 1,200,000 taka) 2,000 pratishat seey adhik badh gaee. pravaasi kii ausat ayu 32 haye.
venezuel key logon kaa pratishat jinhone kahaa kii unakaa parivaar videsh mein haye, 2004 mein 10 pratishat seey badhkar 2014 mein lagbhag 30 pratishat hoe gayaa. 2014 mein, lagbhag 10 pratishat ney kahaa kii way vartamaan mein pravaas karane kii taiyari curr rahey they. sharanarthiyon key liye sanyukt rashtra uchchaayukt key anusaar, "2003 aur 2004 key beach, (venezuela) sharanarthiyon kii sankhya 598 seey doguni hocker 1,256 hoe gaee, aur 2004 aur 2009 key beach, venezuela key sharanarthiyon kii sankhya paanch gunaa adhik thee, 6,221 taka. usa tarikh taka, sharan key liye 1,580 venezuela key avedakon kaa bhee logg haye."
2017 key anta mein paramarshdataon dwara kiye gaye ack sarvekshan mein paaya gayaa kii bolivarian kranti key kaaran chaalees laakh seey adhik venezuel key logon ney desh chhod diyaa thaa, aur 51 pratishat yuva vayaskon ney kahaa kii way desh chhodana chaahte they. 2018 mein, yeh anuman lagaaya gayaa thaa kii duss laakh seey adhik venezuel key logon kii desh chhodane kii yojana thee. pravasiyon mein mukhya roop seey 18 seey 35 key beach key peshevar shamil hain.
pravasiyon kii visheshataaen.
pravasiyon kii visheshtaon koo samajhana mahatvapurna haye kyonki yeye jokhim aur pravaas key pattern koo prabhaavit karate hain. brazil, columbia aur peru mein venezuelan pravasiyon key ack iom sarvekshan key anusaar, brazil mein uttardaataa ausat ayu 32 varsh key they, columbia aur peru mein uttardaataa ausat ayu 30 varsh key they, sarvekshan kii gaee aabaadi mein purush 58 pratishat they, columbia mein sarvekshan kii gaee mahilaaon mein seey 5 pratishat garbhavati theen, brazil mein 3 pratishat aur peru mein 1 pratishat, brazil mein 31 pratishat uttardaataon aur columbia mein 39 pratishat uttardaataon ney kissy bhee niyamit pravaas kii sthiti key binaa honey kii soochana dee, aur brazil mein 41 pratishat uttardaataa akele yatra curr rahey they, columbia mein 37 pratishat aur peru mein 31 pratishat. madhya america aur carribean mein pravasiyon key liye 2019 key ack bhedyata adhyayan mein, iom ney paaya kii adhyayan mein 4 pratishat uttardaataa garbhavati mahilaaen theen, 32 pratishat mahilaaon ney kahaa kii way bhedbhaav seey prabhaavit theen aur inmein seey 5 pratishat mahilaaen garbhavati theen, 58 pratishat mahilaaon ney swaasthya seva kii kamee kii soochana dee aur 57 pratishat purushon ney kii, aur 65 pratishat uttardaataa akele yatra karate hain banaam 35 pratishat ack samooh mein yatra karate hain.
kolambiyai aabaadi.
universid dee loss andes samajshastri rackel alvaarez key anusaar, 1990 key dashak key dauran venezuela mein 77 pratishat apravasi columbia seey they. 2010 key dashak kii shuruat taka, kolambiyai apravasi venezuela key aarthik patan aur sarkaar aur usake samarthakon dwara bhedbhaav seey nirash they. 2015 seey pahale key varshon mein hajaaron aur 200,000 key beach kolambiyai logon ney venezuela chhod diyaa thaa. kolambi videsh mantralaya ney bataaya kii march 2014 aur march 2015 key beach kolambiya key liye veeja mein 150 pratishat kii vriddhi hui, aur kolambi-venezuelaanon kii pratyaavartan sahaayata 2015 kii pahali timahi mein record sankhya mein pahunch gaee. kolambiya mein sanyukt rashtra sharanarthi agency key upa pramukh martin ney kahaa kii 205,000 mein seey kaee kolambiyai sharanarthi joe venezuela bhaag gaye they, way kolambiya laut sakate hain. berojgari aur saarvajanik sevaaon parr isake prabhaav key kaaran, vaapas aaney vaale kolambiyai logon kii sankhya kolambiya sarkaar seey sambandhit thee.
yahudi aabaadi.
kaee samudayik sangathanon key anusaar, venezuela mein yahudi aabaadi varsh 2000 mein anumaanit 18,000-22,000 seey ghatkar 2010 mein lagbhag 9,000 hoe gaee haye. samudaay key netaaon ney arthavyavastha, suraksha aur badhe hue yahudi-virodhi koo girawat key pramukh karanon key roop mein uddhrit kiya haye. kuchh logon ney sarkaar parr yahudi virodhi kaarravaai aur bayanbaji mein shamil honey yaa samarthan karane kaa aarop lagaaya haye. 2015 mein, yeh bataaya gayaa thaa kii yahudi aabaadi ghatkar 7,000 reh gaee thee.
sharanarthi jeevan.
sahaayata.
venezuela key pravasiyon kii sahaayata key liye sangathan aur karyakram banaae gaye hain. website maquieroyer.comm (speneeshah "main jaanaa chaahata huun") koo pee. dee. vee. aiss. aeye. key ack poorv saarvajanik-mamalon key karmchari dwara banaaya gayaa thaa joe kanada chaley gaye, aur jaldi hii venezuela key pravasiyon key beach lokpriya hoe gaye. juuna 2015 mein, pahala vaarshik pravaas pradarshani caracas mein aayojit kiya gayaa thaa; iss karyakram mein samarthan samooh, adhyayan-videsh sahaayata aur pravaas prakriya mein madad shamil thee. lima, peru mein ack website aur radio station seey yukt somos diaspora network koo maee 2018 mein pravasiyon koo manoranjan, samachar aur pravaas kii jaankaari pradaan karane key liye shuru kiya gayaa thaa.
samasyaaen.
aparaadh.
maduro sarkaar ney aksar venezuela key apraadhiyon key pravaas aur kshetriya deshon mein sangathit aparaadh koo manjuri dee, jisake parinamswarup aruba, columbia, panama, peru aur sanyukt raajya america jaise rashtra uchch aparaadh kaa saamana curr rahey they.
juuna 2018 mein, venezuel key logon key ack samooh ney peru key jockey plaza mein ack gahane kii dukaan loot lii aur desh seey bhaag gaye. 27 julaai, 2018 koo, chaar venezueliyon ney desh mein ack dukaan koo lootate samay ack pulis adhikaari koo goli maar dee aur ghayal curr diyaa, halanki baad mein unhein pakad liya gayaa. train dee aragua" ("aragua kii train)" venezuela kaa giroh-joe apane mool desh kii dund seey mukti mein falaa-phoola, jahan unhone dakaiti, apaharan aur hatyaa key abhiyaanon kaa nirdesh diyaa-agast 2018 mein apane paanch sadasyon koo ack peruvian shopping maull mein baink dakaiti kii yojana banaane key liye giraftar kiya. peru kii rashtriya pulis koo venezuelan giroh key sadasya agneyastron, ack grenade aur baink key nakshe seey lais paae gaye they. 2018 key madhya taka peru mein cumm seey cumm battar venezuel key logon koo kaid curr liya gayaa thaa.
19 farwari, 2019 koo, nakabposh venezuelan aur kolambiyai pravasiyon key ack samooh ney peru key madre dee dios kshetra mein inkaterra amezan reserve lodge mein pravesh karane kaa prayaas kiya, jisake parinamswarup ack sthaaniya tour guide kii maut hoe gaee. americi aur cheeni paryatakon sahit kull 53 mehmann surakshit they.
2021 mein chaar venezuelian logon koo nivaarak hirasat mein rakhaa gayaa thaa, jaba sabooton seey pataa chalaa kii way maadak padarthon kii taskari mein shamil they aur unhone equic mein chilly pulis parr hamla kiya thaa. navanirvaachit rashtrapati gabriele boric ney pulis key khilaf aakraamakta kii ninda kii aur aantarik mantri rodrigo delgado ney ghoshana kii kii mukadame kaa parinam joe bhee hoe, chaaron koo chilly seey nishkaasit curr diyaa jaayega.
bhedbhaav.
venezuela key sharanarthiyon koo kabhi-kabhi gantavya deshon mein videshi bhaya aur bhedbhaav kaa saamana karna padata haye. pravaas key liye antarrashtriya sangathan ney jagrukta badhaai haye kii sharanarthi taskari aur veshyavritti key prati samvedansheel hain. panama mein venezuel key loga sthaaniya nivaasiyon key saath pratispardha key kaaran videshi ghrina kaa anubhav karate hain, aur panama key rashtravadi andolanon ney samarthan praapt karane key liye virodhi-venezuelan-sharanarthi bayanbaji kaa upayog kiya haye.
venezuel key logon key prati bhedbhaav kabhi-kabhi aquador mein ack samasya rahee haye, aur 2019 mein venezuel key rajdhani shahar quiton mein venezuel key logon aur anya pravaasi samoohon key sarvekshan mein, lagbhag aadhe venezuel key logon ney bataaya kii unhone aquador aaney key baad seey bhedbhaav kaa anubhav kiya thaa (quiton mein sarvekshan kiye gaye 62 pratishat kolambiyai pravasiyon kii tulanaa mein jinhone ack hii baat kahee thee).
brazil mein, 18 agast, 2018 koo ack sthaaniya vyaapaari key parivaar ney adhikaariyon koo bataaya kii venezuel key logon key ack samooh dwara una parr hamla kiya gayaa thaa, jisake baad cumm seey cumm 1,200 venezuel key logon koo pakarima key nivaasiyon dwara sharanarthi shiviron seey majboor kiya gayaa thaa. halanki, dou dinn baad adhikaariyon ney kahaa kii hamlaavaron kii pehchaan aur rashtriyata kii pushti naheen hui haye. shahar key nivaasiyon ney pravaasi shiviron koo nasht curr diyaa.
veshyavritti.
kolambiya mein kaee venezuelan mahilaaen aajeevika kamaane key liye veshyavritti kaa sahaara letee hain. laa chaama" mein, shree kaa ack panamenian hitt geet. lekin, gaayak ack venezuelan mahila kaa majaak udaataa haye joe veshyavritti kaa sahaara letee haye; gaayak koo peedit pravasiyon seey zaan seey maarne kii dhamki millie. shikshit venezuel key pravasiyon ney bhee veshyavritti kii or rukh kiya haye kyonki way abb apane currier koo jaari naheen rakh sakate hain.
swaasthya.
sankraamak roga.
venezuela key chikitsak kii kamee key parinamswarup khasra aur anya sanchari rogon key phir seey ubharane seey gantavya deshon mein chinta badh gaee kii sharanarthi poore kshetra mein bimari faila denge. brazil, columbia aur aquador mein khasra kaa prakop una kshetron mein huaa jinamen venezuel key sharanarthi rahate they; adhikansh sankramit sharanarthi they. venezuela mein maleria aur diptheria mein vriddhi ney padosi deshon mein bhee chinta jataai haye. agast 2019 taka, venezuela key pravasiyon koo kshetriya teekaakaran card diye jaayenge taaki yeh sunishchit kiya jaa sakey kii unhein teeke praapt houn aur unhein dohri khuraak naa dee jaae. iss kadam parr sanyukt raajya america, columbia, equador, panama, kanada, haiti, dominican ganarajya, argentine, peru aur paraguay key swaasthya adhikaariyon ney sahamati vyakt kii.
mansik swaasthya.
kaee venezuelan sharanarthi apane mool desh key bheetar anubhav kii gaee dardanaak ghatnaaon key kaaran postromatic strace disorder seey peedit hain. pravasiyon koo apane aghaaton seey shaaririk aur manovaigyaanik donon lakshnon kaa anubhav hotaa haye joe venezuela mein hinsa key kaaran hotey hain, rishtedaron koo peechhe chhod dete hain, aur apane mezban deshon kii sanskriti key anukool hotey hain. peru mein venezuel key sharanarthiyon key aspatal mein bharti honey key kuchh mukhya kaaran mansik swaasthya seey sambandhit hain.
yatra karate hain.
venezuel key loga kaee tarikon seey pravaas curr chuke hain, aur samudra seey bhaag rahey pravasiyon kii chhaviyon kii tulanaa cuba key nirvaasiton seey kii gaee haye. kaee sharanarthi anya yatra vidhiyon kaa kharch uthaane mein asamarthata, parvat shrinkhalaon parr trekking, rajmargon parr paidal doori taya karane key liye suitcase kheenchane, saksham honey parr hitchhicking aur sankat seey bachane key liye nadiyon koo aage badhaane key kaaran hajaaron meal paidal yatra karate hain. adhikansh loga apani yaatraaen seemavarti shahar kukuta, columbia seey shuru karate hain aur phir apane gantavyon key liye ravaana hoe jaate hain. sharanarthiyon koo apani yatra key dauran nakali yatra guide aur dakaiti kaa bhee saamana karna padata haye.
joe loga paidal jaate hain unhein "loss caminants" (paidal chalane vaale) key roop mein jaanaa jaataa haye; bogota, columbia key liye paidal 350 meal haye, aur kuchh saikadon meal aage chalate hain, equador yaa peru key liye. uttari columbia mein pratidin lagbhag 800 paidal chalane vaalon koo khilaane aur kapade pahanane mein madad karane vaali alba perera ney kahaa kii 2019 mein vaha paidal chalane vaalon mein adhik beemar, bujurg aur garbhavati dekh rahee hain. kolambiyai laal cross ney venezuel key logon key liye sadakon key kinare bhojan aur paani key saath vishram tambu sthaapit kiye hain. venezuel key loga uttari brazil mein bhee jaate hain, jahan hajaaron venezuel key logon koo rakhane key liye 10 aashray sthal banaae gaye hain. samudra key raaste desh seey bhaag rahey venezuel key logon kii chhaviyon ney cuba key pravasiyon seey dekhi gaee chhaviyon key saath prateekaatmak tulanaa kii haye.
venezuela key pravasiyon ney colchen key ultiplano ilaake key madhyam seey bolivia seey chilly mein pravesh kiya haye. pravasiyon dwara chalaaya jaane vaalaa maarg shushk, thandaa haye aur samudra tala seey 3,600 meater kii oonchaai parr sthit haye. iss maarg koo chunaa gayaa haye kyonki chilly-peru seema key paar adhik seedha aur cumm kathor maarg behtar roop seey sanrakshit haye. pravasiyon koo maanav taskaron dwara paar karane mein sahaayata pradaan kii jaati haye. farwari 2021 taka ack parivaar key liye bolivia seey chilly mein paar karane kii laagat 200 dollar aur 500 dollar key beach thee. pravasiyon parr colchen key alcauld aur sthaaniya nivaasiyon dwara khud koo colchen key basey hue gharon mein majboor karke, chori mein lipt hocker aur saarvajanik sthaanon parr kabja karke hinsak vyavhaar karane kaa aarop lagaaya gayaa haye.
gantavya.
venezuela chhodane vaale logon kii sankhya aur visheshtaon koo track karna mushkil hoe sakata haye. samanya anuman lagaae gaye hain joe pravaas key paimaane koo pakadate hain. venezuela seey mahatvapurna gantavyon (jisamen adhikansh lattin america, uttari america aur europe key kuchh hisse shamil hain) kii or pravaas kaa pravaah 2005 mein 380,790 seey badhkar 2017 mein 1,580,022 hoe gayaa haye (iom, 2018a), jahaan anuman pratyek praapt karane vaale sarkari anuman parr adharit hain. kaee pravaasi hain joe niyamit sthiti key saath praapt karane vaale desh mein pravesh karate hain, lekin kaee aise hain joe naheen karate hain. aniyamit roop seey pravesh karane vaalon kii sankhya kaa anuman lagaana unaki aapravaasan sthiti key kaaran mushkil haye.
venezuela key pravasiyon key liye sheersh duss gantavya (mahatvapurna gantavya) columbia, peru, sanyukt raajya america, spen, itali, purtagaal, argentine, kanada, france aur panama hain. venezuela key hajaaron loga anya sthaanon parr bhee chaley gaye hain, jinamen trinidad aur tobago aur america aur europe key anya desh shamil hain.
venezuel key loga behtar jeevan kii talash mein 90 seey adhik deshon mein bhaag gaye hain. 2015 aur 2017 key beach, venezuela key aapravaasan mein 1, chilly mein 388%, columbia mein 1,132%, peru mein 1,016%, brazil mein 922%, argentine aur equador mein 344%, panama mein 268%, urugve mein 225%, mexico mein 104%, costa rica mein 38%, spen mein 26% aur sanyukt raajya mein 14% kii vriddhi hui.
sanyukt raajya america.
sanyukt raajya america venezuela key pravasiyon key liye mukhya gantavyon mein seey ack haye. yuu kii sankhya.aiss. venezuel key roop mein pehchaane jaane vaale nivaasiyon mein 2000 aur 2010 key beach 135 pratishat kii vriddhi hui, joe 91,507 seey 215,023 hoe gaee. 2015 mein, yeh anuman lagaaya gayaa thaa kii lagbhag 260,000 venezuel key loga sanyukt raajya mein chaley gaye they. shodhkarta carlos subero key anusaar, "venezuela key adhikansh loga gair-apravasi paryatak yaa vyaavsaayik veeja key saath desh mein pravesh karane kii koshish curr rahey hain", aankade bataate hain kii 527,907 venezuela key loga gair-apravasi veeja key saath sanyukt raajya mein baney hue hain. lattin americi aur carribean aarthik pranali (cella) ney bataaya kii 2007 mein, sanyukt raajya america mein 25 aur usase adhik umr key 14 pratishat venezueliyon key paas doctorate kii degree thee; yuu.aiss. nau pratishat kaa ausat.
octuber 2022 seey pahale, sharan chahane vaale venezuel key loga bhoomi seemaon key madhyam seey sanyukt raajya mein pravesh curr sakate hain, aur sanyukt raajya mein reh sakate hain, jabaki unake mamalon kaa aaklan kiya jaa rhaa haye. haalaanki, 12 octuber, 2022 key aspas, sanyukt raajya ney ghoshana kii kii venezuel key loga "pravesh key bandargaahon key beach, binaa pradhikaran key, mexico mein vaapas aaa jaayenge. sanyukt raajya ney yeh bhee ghoshana kii kii venezuel key loga kanuni roop seey pravesh karane key liye ack nae maanviya karyakram key liye paatr honge, yadi unake paas sanyukt raajya mein ack praayojak haye, nae karyakram key saath 24,000 venezuel key logon taka seemit haye.
sanyukt raajya america mein venezuel key logon kaa sabse badaa samudaay dakshin florida mein rahata haye. varsh 2000 aur 2012 key beach, florida mein kanuni venezuela nivaasiyon kii sankhya 91,500 seey badhkar 259,000 hoe gaee.
lattin america aur carribean.
lattin americi desh, jaise kii argentine, brazil, chilly, columbia, equador, mexico, peru aur panama, venezuela key pravasiyon key liye lokpriya gantavya hain.
argentine.
venezuela kaa aapravaasan 2005 key baad seey kaafee badh gayaa haye, 2016 mein salana 148 logon seey badhkar 12,859 hoe gayaa haye. 2004 seey 2014 taka 15,000 seey adhik venezuela key loga argentine chaley gaye, jinamen seey 4,781 ney sthaayi nivaas praapt kiya haye. venezuela key pravasiyon kii sankhya 2014 seey 2016 taka 500 pratishat badhkar prati saptah 600 hoe gaee. 2014 aur 2017 key madhya key beach, 38,540 venezueliyon ney argentine mein nivaas aavedan daayar kiye.
argentine mein pravaas karane vaale venezuel key logon koo kaee baadhaon kaa saamana karna padata haye, jaise kii havaai jahaaj key kiraaye kii laagat, padosi columbia aur brazil kii tulanaa mein deshon key beach kii doori key kaaran. behtar jeevan sthitiyon seey aakarshit hocker, kaee loga bhoomi dwara yatra kaa jokhim uthaate hain; marjori campos, ack venezuelan mahila joe aathh maheene kii garbhavati thee, ney cordoba key argentine shahar taka pahunchane key liye columbia, equador, peru aur chilly mein 11 dinon key liye buss seey yatra kii.
brazil.
jaise-jaise samajik-aarthik sthiti bigadati gaee, kaee venezuelvasi padosi brazil chaley gaye. hajaaron sharanarthiyon ney behtar jeevan kii talash mein amezan besin key madhyam seey yatra kii, kuchh paidal yatra karate hain aur badey shaharon mein taskari key liye $1,000 seey adhik kaa bhugtan karate hain. brazil kii sarkaar ney apani sadakon aur nadiyon parr sharanarthiyon kii sahaayata key liye seema parr apani sainya upasthiti badhaa dee. 2016 key anta mein 70,000 seey adhik sharanarthiyon ney sthaaniya sansadhanon parr dabaav daalate hue uttari brazil mein seemavarti raajya roraima mein pravesh kiya. venezuela key saikadon bachche brazil-venezuela seema key paas key schools mein namankit hain, aur 2018 taka lagbhag 800 venezuela key loga brazil mein pratidin pravesh karate hain.
7 agast, 2018 koo, kshetriya sarkaar ney anurodh kiya kii brazil kii sarvocch sanghiya adalat seema koo bund karey, aur baad mein usa dinn sarvocch sanghiya adalat ney samvaidhaanik aadhar parr anurodh koo aswikar curr diyaa.
brazil kii senaa ney farwari 2018 mein operao acolida shuru kiya, jiska uddeshya seema paar karane vaale venezuel key logon kii raksha karna haye, joe kamjor sthitiyon mein apravasiyon koo maanviya sahaayata pradaan karate hain.
columbia.
columbia, ack aisaa desh joe venezuela kii seema seey lagaa huaa haye aur desh key saath iska ack lamba itihas haye, ney sabse badee sankhya mein venezuela pravasiyon koo praapt kiya haye. venezuela-kolambiya pravaasi sankat key baad columbia seema key phir seey khulane key baad, kaee venezuelian desh mein pravaas karane lagey. taba seey, columbia ney kaee venezuelan sharanarthiyon koo sweekaar kiya haye aur unhein kanuni darja dene kaa prayaas kiya haye. venezuela key sharanarthiyon koo kolambiya sarkaar dwara pradaan kii gaee sahaayata mahangi rahee haye, aur kaee antarrashtriya bhagidaron ney sahaayata pradaan karane key liye hastakshep kiya haye. columbia dwara venezuel key logon koo pradaan kii jaane vaali sahaayata aapaatkaaleen kaksh key daure seey laker bachchon key liye saarvajanik shiksha taka haye; sabhi columbia sarkaar dwara muft mein pradaan kii jaati haye. agast 2019 mein, rashtrapati ivan duke ney ghoshana kii kii columbia pravaasi venezuelan maataa-pitaa koo columbia mein paida hue 24,000 bachchon koo nagrikta pradaan karega, taaki unhein rajyaviheen honey seey rokaa jaa sakey.
julaai 2016 mein, 200,000 seey adhik venezuelian ney venezuela mein kamee key kaaran saman khareedane key liye columbia mein pravesh kiya. 12 agast, 2016 koo, venezuela sarkaar ney aadhikarik taur parr seema koo phir seey khol diyaa; venezuela key sankat seey bachane key liye hajaaron venezuela key loga phir seey kolambiya mein pravesh curr gaye. columbia key tail udyog koo kushal venezuela key pravasiyon seey laabh huaa haye, halanki desh ney 2016 key anta mein anadhikrit pravasiyon koo nirvaasit karna shuru curr diyaa thaa.
columbia sarkaar key anusaar, 2017 kii pahali chhamaahi mein 100,000 seey adhik venezuelian kolambiya chaley gaye. 2017 key venezuelan samvidhaan sabhaa chunaavon key liye, columbia ney venezuelan nagrikon koo sthaayi nivaas kii ack vishesh anumati dee joe 25 julaai seey pahale desh mein pravesh curr chuke they; 22,000 seey adhik venezuelian ney permit key aavedan praapt karane key pahale 24 ghanton mein sthaayi nivaas key liye aavedan kiya. navambar 2017 key anta taka, 660,000 seey adhik venezuelian columbia mein they, joe juuna mein hue mukabale dogune they. 2018 key anta mein, columbia mein 12 laakh seey adhik venezuel key loga they. 2018 key aprail aur juuna key beach, columbia ney 442,000 seey adhik venezuelians koo panjikrit kiya joe ramav naamak panjikaran prakriya key madhyam seey desh mein aniyamit they. janwari 2020 kii shuruat mein, columbia sarkaar ney ghoshana kii kii vaha columbia mein rahane vaale saikadon hajaaron venezuelians koo kaary anumati pradaan karegi, jisase way aupchaarik arthavyavastha mein ekikrit hoe sakenge. sharanarthiyon key aagaman ney kuchh kolambiyai logon dwara zenophobia mein vriddhi kii haye, joe badhate aparaadh, berojgari aur covid-19 key prasaar key liye sharanarthiyon koo doshi thaharaate hain. disambar 2020 mein, rashtrapati duke ney ghoshana kii kii sharanarthi agencies kii chintaon key bavjood anirdisht venezuelan pravasiyon koo coronavirus key liye teekaakaran praapt naheen hoga.
farwari 2021 mein, kolambiya kii sarkaar ney desh mein anirdisht venezuelan pravasiyon key vaidhikaran kii ghoshana kii, jisase way 10 saal key nivaas permit praapt karane key paatr hoe gaye.
costa rica.
desh mein venezuela key sharan chahane vaalon kii sankhya 2015 mein kewal 200 seey badhkar 2016 mein 1,423 hoe gaee, joe 2017 mein 2,600 hoe gaee; yeh ack aisaa vishay rhaa haye jiss parr costa rica aur panama donon kii sarkaaron ney ack dwipakshiya shikhar sammelan mein sanyukt roop seey charcha kii. 2017 mein desh mein kull 6,337 sharanarthi avedanon mein seey 50 pratishat venezuel key they.
chilly.
2015 aur 2017 key beach, chilly mein venezuela key pravaas mein 1,388 pratishat kii vriddhi hui. 2016 mein, venezuel key loga apani sthir arthavyavastha aur saral aapravaasan neeti key kaaran chilly chaley gaye. videshiyon aur pravaas key liye chilly vibhaag key anusaar, venezuel key liye chilly veeja kii sankhya 2011 mein 758 seey badhkar 2016 mein 8,381 hoe gaee; 20 seey 35 varsh kii ayu key venezuel key liye 90 pratishat kaary veeja they. kyonki havaai maarg seey antarrashtriya yatra mushkil haye (vishesh roop seey venezuel key bolivar key moolya key kaaran), kaee venezuel key logon koo chilly taka pahunchane key liye khatarnak bhoobhaag seey hocker bhoomi parr yatra karni padati haye. pahunchane key baad, unhein ack nayaa jeevan shuru karna hoga. catholic chillion migration institute key karyakari sachiv delio cubids key anusaar, adhikansh venezuela apravasi "lekhakar, engineer, shikshak hain, unamen seey adhikansh bahut achchi tarah seey shikshit hain" lekin cumm vetan vaali naukariyon koo sweekaar karate hain taaki way veeja aavashyaktaon koo puuraa curr sakein aur desh mein reh sakein.
chilly key rashtriya saankhyiki sansthaan kii 2021 kii ack report kaa anuman haye kii disambar 2020 taka lagbhag 448.800 venezuel key loga desh mein rahate hain, yaa chilly kii apravasi aabaadi kaa 30.7 pratishat. yeh 2018 kii tulanaa mein 34 pratishat kii vriddhi haye, jaba venezuel key loga chilly mein rahate they.
ecudor.
colombia aur peru key baad, 2021 taka equador golardh mein venezuela pravasiyon kaa teesara sabse badaa praaptakarta thaa. jabaki equador kaa pravasiyon key prati pragatisheel aur apekshaakrit swaagat karane vaali neetiyon kaa itihas rhaa haye, naee venezuela kii aabaadi key prati pratikriya adhik mishrit rahee haye, aur taba key rashtrapati lenin moreno ney venezuel mein pravesh karane parr veeja aur anya dastaavezi aavashyaktaon koo lagu kiya thaa jinhen puuraa karna mushkil thaa. equador mein venezuel key loga apekshaakrit suvyavasthit rahey hain, joe maanviya sanghon kaa gathan karate hain aur equadorians key beach iss aabaadi kii lokpriya dhaaranaon koo aakar dene key liye media key saath judate hain. aquador key tatkalin nirvaachit rashtrapati, gillermo lasso ney anuman lagaaya kii vaha padbhar sambhaalane key baad desh mein 400,000 seey adhik venezuel key nivaasiyon kii sthiti koo niyamit karane kii koshish karenge.
mexico.
mexico mein venezuela kii aabaadi 2000 mein 2,823 seey badhkar 2010 mein 10,063 hoe gaee, joe mexico mein rahane vaale venezuela mein janme logon mein 357 pratishat kii vriddhi haye. mexico ney 2014 key pahale paanch maheenon mein 975 venezuel key sthaayi pehchaan patra diye, joe 2013 mein jaari kiye gaye pehchaan patron kii sankhya seey dogune hain. maxican sarkaar kaa daavaa haye kii vartamaan mein 47,000 venezuel key loga mexico mein rahate hain.
dutch carribean dweep.
ack baar venezuelan key liye ack paryatak aur chhutti gantavya honey key baad, aruba aur kurakao key dweepon mein venezuelan nagrikon koo pravaas karane seey pahale cumm seey cumm 1,000 americi dollar nakad kii aavashyakta hoti haye, joe kii ack venezuelan key liye paanch saal kii aaya haye joe nyuntam-vetan naukari curr rhaa haye. venezuel key logon kii gasht aur nirvaasan mein vriddhi hui haye, aur aruba ney nirvaasan kaa saamana curr rahey 500 venezuel key pravasiyon koo pakadane key liye ack stadium samarpit kiya haye.
kurasao kii yatra aksar khatarnak yatra hoti haye jisamen dutch carribean tata rakshak key saath-saath sashastr girohon dwara nigrani kiye jaane vaale khatarnak paani shamil hain. venezuel key logon koo dweep key tata key paas laaya jaataa haye, unhein samudra mein fenk diyaa jaataa haye aur unhein tairkar jameen parr jaane key liye majboor kiya jaataa haye, jahan way apane nae jeevan koo sthaapit karane key liye samparkon seey milate hain. kurasao adhikaariyon kaa kahana haye kii dweepon parr venezuel key logon dwara aayojit samanya naukariyan paryatakon kii seva karna haye, jisamen unake kaam mein restaraan kii safai seey laker dweepon key yaun vyaapaar mein sakriya honey taka shamil hain. dutch carribean tata rakshak kaa anuman haye kii venezuel key pravasiyon koo leey jaane vaali kewal paanch seey duss pratishat naukaaon koo rokaa jaataa haye.
2019 mein, haal hii mein venezuela pahunche sharanarthiyon kii sankhya aruba mein lagbhag 17,000 honey kaa anuman thaa, joe dweep kii aabaadi kaa lagbhag 15 pratishat thaa.
21 agast 2020 koo, manvadhikar nigrani key anusaar, aruban hirasat kendron mein hirasat mein liye gaye venezuela key pravasiyon koo khatarnak covid-19 jokhimon kaa saamana karna padaa thaa. kaee media outlet aur manvadhikar sangathanon ney kharaab sthitiyon kii soochana dee haye, jisamen cell kii bheed, guards seey hinsa aur hirasat mein rakhe gaye venezuel key pravasiyon key liye buniyaadi swachchata utpaadon kii kamee shamil haye.
peru.
anya gantavya deshon kii tulanaa mein, "newyork times" ney peru koo venezuel key sharanarthiyon kaa adhik swaagat karane vaalaa bataaya.
peruvian rashtrapati pedro pablo kuzinsky ney 2017 mein peru mein maujooda venezuelan nagrikon koo sthaayi honey kii asthaayi anumati (pee. tii. pee.) dene vaalaa kaanoon pesh kiya. manvadhikaron parr antar-americi aayog ney anya lattin americi deshon koo isi tarah key upaayon koo apanaane key liye protsaahit karate hue manjuri dee. peru mein venezuelan sangh, ack gair-sarkari sangathan, ney ghoshana kii kii way norwey kii nobel samiti key saamane rashtrapati kuzinsky key karyon koo prastut karenge aur unhein nobel shaanti puraskar key liye naamit karengeh
agast 2017 mein, adesh key teen maheene seey thodaa adhik samay baad, 40,000 seey adhik venezuela key sharanarthiyon ney peru mein pravesh kiya thaa. 2018 key madhya taka, 400,000 seey adhik venezuel key loga peru chaley gaye they. sanyukt rashtra key ack sarvekshan mein, peru jaane vaale 61.9 pratishat venezuel key logon ney khudra, paryatan yaa isi tarah kii sthiti mein kaam kiya; 9.4 pratishat ney udyog aur nirmaan mein kaam kiya. chhiyalis pratishat ney prati maah 984 aur 1,968 soul ($300-600) key beach arjit kiya; 34 pratishat ney 656 aur 984 soul ($200-300) key beach arjit kiya, aur 11 pratishat ney prati maah 656 soul ($200 seey cumm) seey cumm arjit kiya. 2018 key anta taka 670,000 seey adhik venezuel key loga peru chaley gaye they.
juuna 2019 mein, peruvian rashtrapati martin vijkara ney ghoshana kii kii peru kewal 15 juuna, 2019 key baad passport aur veeja key saath venezuel key logon koo sweekaar karega. samay seema seey pahale saptah mein, lagbhag 50,000 venezuel key loga peru mein pravesh karane key liye hathapai karate they, jabaki unake paas avsar thaa. agast 2019 mein, sarkaar ney ghoshana kii kii vaha avaidh aapravaasan koo rokane key liye ecudor key saath apani seema parr suraksha badhaane key liye sakht upaay karegi, kyonki pichhale upaayon mein kanuni crossing mein 90 pratishat kii girawat dekhi gaee thee.
trinidad aur tobago.
yeh anuman lagaaya gayaa haye kii trinidad aur tobago mein rahane vaale 70,000 seey adhik venezuel key nagrik hain, jabaki 16,523 ney aadhikarik taur parr apani aapravaasan sthiti koo niyamit kiya haye. desh kii apekshaakrit sthir arthavyavastha, sanyukt raajya dollar taka pahunch aur purvi venezuela key karib honey key kaaran venezuel key loga aitihaasik roop seey kanuni aur avaidh roop seey trinidad aur tobago chaley gaye hain. havaai aur samudra donon dwara kanuni parivahan maarg hainh dweepon key liye seedhi udaanen venezuelan shaharon maturin, caracas aur isla margarita seey nikalati hain, aur venezuelan shahar guiria aur trinidad parr chagurmas shahar seey, yaa venezuelan shahar tukupita seey trinidad key cedros taka nauka seva haye. venezuela key purvi tata aur pariya kii khaadi key beach bhee avaidh maarg maujood hain. lagbhag 14,000 venezuel key logon ney 1 janwari seey 10 maee, 2016 key beach trinidad aur tobago mein pravesh kiya, jisamen 43 pratishat ney kathit taur parr apane veeja seey adhik samay taka rehna shuru curr diyaa. venezuel key loga joe aksar dweep parr rojgar kii talash mein rahate hain.
13 disambar 2020 koo aswikar kiye jaane aur khule samudra mein lautane key baad, aarthik sankat seey bhaag rahey venezuela key rafters samudri seema mein toot gaye jaba way trinidad aur tobago seey sukra raajya, venezuela laut rahey they. doobane vaale 33 logon mein seey cumm seey cumm 32 venezuel key logon kii pehchaan kii gaee, jinamen seey chaar nabalig they. juan guido ney teen dinon key rashtriya shoke kii ghoshana kii. aprail 2021 mein, 29 logon key saath ack aur naav trinidad aur tobago kii yatra key dauran toot gaee; 12 logon koo bachaaya gayaa, 10 kii maut hoe gaee aur 7 koo laapata ghoshit curr diyaa gayaa. 5 farwari 2022 koo, trinidad aur tobago tata rakshak ney ise rokane kaa prayaas karate hue venezuel key pravasiyon key saath ack jahaaj parr golibari kii, jisamen ack nau maheene key bachche kii maut hoe gaee aur usaki maan ghayal hoe gaee. tatarakshak ney daavaa kiya kii goliyaan "aatmaraksha mein" chalaai gaeen. guido ney kahaa kii "trinidad aur tobago tata rakshak dwara chalaai gaee goliyon kaa koee auchitya naheen haye, unhone usey maar daala", nyaay kii maang karate hue. trinidad aur tobago key pradhaan mantri, keath rolle ney kaarravaai koo "kanuni aur uchit" maanaa.
europe.
farwari 2018 mein, lagbhag 1,400 venezuel key logon ney atlantic mahasagar key paar europe mein udaan bharee. inmein seey adhikansh (1,160) ney spen mein sharan maangi. farwari 2016 mein 150 aur farwari 2017 mein 985 seey yeh sankhya mahatvapurna vriddhi thee. saanskritik aur bhashai sambandh mukhya kaaran hain kii spen europeeya deshon mein venezuela key pravasiyon key liye sabse lokpriya gantavya haye. venezuela key nagrik binaa veeja key shengen kshetra key deshon kii yatra curr sakate hain.
spen.
europe mein rahane vaale venezuela mein janme logon kaa adhikansh spen mein rahata haye aur/yaa venezuela yaa spen mein spanish nagrikta praapt curr chuke hain. 2015 aur 2018 key beach spen mein venezuela mein janme nivaasiyon kii sankhya 165,893 seey badhkar 255,071 hoe gaee. 2019 taka, spen mein venezuel key logon kii sankhya 300,000 seey adhik hoe gaee, jiska arth haye kii 2018-2019 avadhi mein badey paimaane parr aagaman huaa.
hangri.
europeeya pravaasi sankat key baad apane aapravaasan virodhi bayanbaji key bavjood, victor orban kii sarkaar ney saikadon venezuelan pravasiyon kaa swaagat kiya haye joe cumm seey cumm ack hangerian poorvaj saabit hue hain. haalaanki, swaagat utanaa sakaratmak naheen rhaa haye, kaee nagrikon ney baltonozode key spaa key aspas kaale venezuelan kii upasthiti key baare mein pulis seey shikayat kii haye, jahan shuru mein apravasiyon koo rakhaa gayaa thaa.
israel.
venezuela kii sarkaar key khilaf yahudi-virodhi key aaropon key kaaran, iran, philistine aur seeriya jaise videshi abhinetaon key saath apane raajneetik sanrekhan key aadhar parr, aur chala rahey aarthik sankat seey aur adhik, venezuela key yahudi samudaay key adhikansh logon ney israel mein pravaas karane aur vahaan nivaas karane key liye israel key kaanoon kaa laabh uthaaya haye. 1999 mein jaba seey shaavez ney padbhar sambhala, jaba seey venezuela mein 22,000 yahudi they, taba seey venezuela kii yahudi aabaadi kaa 60 pratishat israel mein sharan leey rhaa haye. yeh sankhya 2019 taka venezuela mein abhee bhee lagbhag 6,000 yahoodiyon taka cumm hoe rahee haye. sankat kii shuruat key baad seey 11,000 seey adhik venezuel key loga israel chaley gaye hain.
maanviya pratikriya.
antarrashtriya.
antar-sarkari sangathan.
venezuela key sharanarthiyon aur pravasiyon key saath ekjutata mein antarrashtriya daataa sammelan" ney 17 juuna, 2021 koo vishva baink yaa antar-americi vikas baink key 46 deshon koo vizio sammelan dwara phir seey ekjut kiya. unhone 15 billion americi dollar pradaan karane kaa vaadaa kiya, jisamen 954 million dollar kaa anudan aur 600 million dollar kaa rinn shamil haye. venezuela kii sarkaar ney ise "media prahasan" aur "ack kachcha virodhi venezuela raajneetik prachaar abhiyaan" kahaa. 2020 mein, sammelan ney 2.79 arab americi dollar ekatra kiye.
sarkaaren.
venezuela kaa pravaasi sankat maanviya sankat kii duniya mein advitiya haye aur iss vajah seey, antarrashtriya dhyaan aur sahaayata praapt karane mein dheema rhaa haye. sankat ack aasaani seey paribhaashit sharanarthi sankat naheen haye, aur yuu. aine. ney pravasiyon key pravaah koo ack mishrit pravaah aabaadi key roop mein paribhaashit kiya haye. iska matlab haye kii desh chhodane vaale samanya pravaasi aur vishesh roop seey paribhaashit sharan chahane vaale donon hain. iss kaaran seey, yuu. aine. ney uncror aur iom key beach ack sanyukt munch banaaya haye, jise kshetriya antar-agency samanvaya munch kahaa jaataa haye, jise venezuela seey pravaas karane vaalon kii sahaayata karane kaa kaam saunpa gayaa haye. aaee. aich. see. aar. ney venezuela key pravasiyon key liye 1984 kii cartagena ghoshana mein ullikhit sharanarthi kii vyaapak paribhasha koo lagu karane kaa ahwan kiya haye. isase vyaktiyon key iss samooh koo sharanarthiyon key roop mein sahaayata mill sakegi.
aprail 2019 mein, gair-sarkari sangathanon manvadhikar nigrani aur johns hopkins bloomberg school off public health ney ack report prakaashit karane key liye sanyukt rashtra (yuu. aine.) seey venezuela mein sthiti koo ack jatil maanviya apatkal key roop mein paribhaashit karane key liye kahaa.
norwey kii sharanarthi parishad, brookings sansthaan aur david smolansky, americi raajya key venezuelan sharanarthi sankat key aayukt key sangathan ney anuman lagaaya haye kii sankat aadhunik itihas mein vartamaan mein sabse cumm vitt poshit sharanarthi mein seey ack haye.
veeja pratibandh.
janwari 2021 taka, 10 deshon kii sarkaaron (jyaadaatar lattin america aur carribean mein) ney inn deshon mein pravesh karane key ichchuk venezuela key nagrikon key liye vishesh veeja aavashyaktaaen shuru kii hain. manvadhikaron key liye yuu. aine. uchchaayukt michel bashlet key anusaar, veeja aavashyaktaon kii shuruat seey venezuel key loga avaidh pravesh key liye logon-taskaron aur maanav taskaron kaa sahaara leey sakate hain. kuchh desh jaise kii gwatemala, carabian neatherlands aur dominican ganarajya, abhee bhee venezuel key logon koo veeja-mukt pravesh karane kii anumati denge yadi way kanada yaa sanyukt raajya america jaise kissy vishesh teesare desh seey vaidh veeja/nivaas anumati rakhate hain.
2021 taka, europeeya sangh shengen kshetra mein jaane kii yojana banaane vaale venezuel key logon key liye ack electronic pradhikaran pranali shuru karega, jise itias yaa europeeya yatra jaankaari aur pradhikaran pranali kahaa jaataa haye. iska matlab haye kii shengen kshetra key deshon mein jaane key ichchuk venezuel key logon koo bachchon koo chhodkar vyaktigat detta agrim roop seey jamaa karane aur prasanskaran shulk kaa bhugtan karane kii aavashyakta hogi. march 2020 mein, spanish sarkaar ney spen yaa shengen kshetra mein pravesh karane key ichchuk venezuel key logon parr veeja aavashyaktaon koo lagu karane seey incar curr diyaa.
catholic church.
peru mein catholic church ney venezuel key sharanarthiyon kii madad key liye karyakramon kaa ayojan kiya, joe pravasiyon koo janata aur sangrah koo samarpit karate they.
tyag ghoshana.
kshetra mein maanav gatishilata aur venezuela key nagrikon parr chhodane kii ghoshana" parr 4 sitambar, 2018 koo argentine, brazil, chilly, columbia, costa rica, equador, mexico, panama, paraguay, peru aur urugve key pratinidhiyon dwara equadorian rajdhani mein hastakshar kiye gaye they. bolivia aur dominican ganarajya ney dastaavez parr hastakshar naheen kiye. antim rashtra ney tark diyaa kii yeh baithak mein ack paryavekshak desh thaa jisamen venezuela ney bhaag naheen lene kaa faisala kiya.
iss ayojan ney jaankaari kaa adaan-pradaan karane aur venezuel key badey paimaane parr pravaasi pravaah key liye ack samanvit pratikriya praapt karane kii maang kii. baithak mein, deshon ney badey paimaane parr pravaas key kaaran aantarik sthiti key bigadane key baare mein apani chinta dohrai, isaliye way maanviya sahaayata key udghaatan koo sweekaar karane kaa ahwan karate hain jisamen sarkaaron aur antarrashtriya sangathanon kaa sahyog ack mahatvapurna sthiti koo cumm karane key liye sahmat hotaa haye.
iss kshetra kii sarkaaron dwara sahmat sabse mahatvapurna binduon mein samay samaapt yatra dastavejon kii sweekriti, pravaasi uddeshyon key liye venezuel key logon key pehchaan patra aur nicolas maduro kii sarkaar koo tatkaal aur prathamikta key roop mein pehchaan patra, passport, janm pramaan patra, vivaah pramaan patra aur aaparaadhik record key saath-saath apostil aur vaidhikaran key samay parr praavdhaan key liye aavashyak upaay karane kaa ahwan shamil haye.
gharelu.
rashtrapati nicolas maduro ney kahaa kii laakhon venezuelvaasiyon key desh chhodane kii antarrashtriya report "prachaar" haye, aur venezuel key logon koo desh chhodane kaa khed haye kyonki way "miyami mein shauchalayon kii safai" karate hain. krodhit venezuel key logon ney maduro kii aalochana karate hue kahaa kii way venezuela mein rahane key bajaay dusare desh mein shauchalayon koo saaf karna pasand karenge. sitambar 2018 mein, rashtrapati maduro ney kahaa kii unake deshwasi ack ghrina abhiyaan key shikaar hue they, aur peru mein unhein kewal naslavaad, avamaanana, aarthik utpeedan aur gulami millie thee.
venezuela key uparaashtrapati delsey rodrigues ney apane desh mein maanviya aur pravaas sankat honey seey incar karate hue ise "nakali khabar" kahaa. unhone tark diyaa kii maanviya sankat "sanyukt raajya america key liye venezuela parr aakraman karane aur aarthik yuddh koo gahara karane kaa ack bahaana hoga."
rashtriya samvidhaan sabhaa key adhyaksh aur venezuela kii sanyukt samajwadi party key upaadhyaksh, diosdado cabello ney daavaa kiya kii pravaasi sankat koo nicolas maduro kii sarkaar koo ukhaad fenkane key liye ack dakshinpanthi sajish key hisse key roop mein pesh kiya jaa rhaa haye, aur way chhaviyaan joe venezuela key logon koo paidal dakshin america mein bhaagate hue dikhaa rahee hain, banaai gaee theen.
"matribhoomi mein vaapas" yojana.
2018 mein, bolivarian sarkaar ney "vaapas matribhoomi yojana" (spenishah "plan vuelta aeye laa petria") pesh kii joe venezuela key pravasiyon koo tikat kaa bhugtan pradaan karati haye joe apane desh lautana chaahte hain. 28 agast, 2018 koo 89 venezuel key loga peru seey venezuela laut aae. iss karyakram koo peru aur anya dakshin americi deshon jaise kii equador aur chilly mein lagu kiya gayaa thaa. haalaanki, iss karyakram ney apane saathi nagrikon kii vaapsee key liye bahut cumm hassil kiya haye.

