
johnn menard smith

johnn menard smith (6 janwari 1920-19 aprail 2004) ack british saiddhaantik aur ganitiya vikaasvaadi jeevvigyaani aur aanuvanshikeevid they. mool roop seey dwiteeya vishva yuddh key dauran ack vaimaaniki engineer, unhone prasiddh jeevvigyaani jey key tahat aanuvanshiki mein doosari degree lii. bee. aiss. halden. menard smith ney george aar key saath vikas key liye khel siddhant key anuprayog mein mahatvapurna bhoomika nibhai. moolya, aur anya samasyaon jaise kii ling key vikas aur sanket siddhant parr siddhant.
jeevani.
praarambhik varsh.
johnn menard smith kaa janm landan mein huaa thaa, joe sarjan sidney menard smith key bete they, lekin 1928 mein unake pitaa kii mrityu key baad, parivaar exmoor chalaa gayaa, jahan unhein praakritik itihas mein ruchi hoe gaee. eaton college mein aupchaarik vigyaan shiksha kii kamee seey kaafee nakhush, menard smith ney puraane eatanian jey key kaam koo padhane key baad darvinian vikaasvaadi siddhant aur ganit mein ruchi vikasit karane kii jimmedaari lii. bee. aiss. halden, jinaki kitaaben school key pustakalaya mein theen, bhale hii halden kii kharaab pratishtha unake saamyvaad key liye thee. vaha 14 saal kii umr mein naastik bunn gaye.
school chhodane parr, menard smith grate britten kii communist party mein shamil hoe gaye aur trinity college, cambridge mein engineering kaa adhyayan karna shuru curr diyaa. 1939 mein jaba doosara vishva yuddh chhid gayaa, tou unhone apani party kii line koo darkinar curr diyaa aur seva key liye swechha seey kaam kiya. haalaanki, unhein kharaab drishti key kaaran aswikar curr diyaa gayaa thaa aur unhein apani engineering kii degree poori karane key liye kahaa gayaa thaa, joe unhone 1941 mein kii thee. baad mein unhone chutaki lete hue kahaa kii "paristhitiyon mein, merrie kharaab drishti ack chayanaatmak laabh thaa-isane mujhe goli maarnaa bund curr diyaa. snaatak honey key varsh mein, unhone sheela maithyu seey shaadi kii, aur baad mein unake dou bete aur ack betty (tonny, caroll aur juuliyan) hui. 1942 aur 1947 key beach, unhone apani degree koo sainya vimaan design mein lagu kiya.
dwiteeya shreni.
menard smith ney yeh taya kiya kii vimaan "shore aur puraane jamaane key" they, phir unhone apana currier badal liya, aur university college landan mein pravesh curr key halden key tahat phal makkhi aanuvanshiki kaa adhyayan kiya. snaatak honey key baad way 1952 aur 1965 key beach apane alma matter mein prani vigyaan key vyakhyata baney, jahan unhone "drosophila" prayogshala kaa nirdeshan kiya aur jansankhya aanuvanshiki parr shodh kiya. unhone 1958 mein ack lokpriya penguin pustak, "vikas kaa siddhant" prakaashit kiya (1966,1975,1993 mein baad key sanskaranon key saath).
vaha dheere-dheere saamyvaad kii or cumm aakarshit hoe gaye aur cumm sakriya sadasya bunn gaye, antatah 1956 mein kaee anya buddhijiviyon kii tarah party chhod dee, jaba soviyat sangh ney hangerian kranti koo berahami seey dabaa diyaa (halden ney 1950 mein isi tarah seey mohbhang honey key baad party chhod dee thee). unhone yeh bhee sweekaar kiya kii markswad dwara spasht roop seey soochit vikaasvaadi jeev vigyaan mein ack shodh karyakram bahut cumm phal detaa prateet hotaa haye.
university off sussex.
1962 mein way university off sussex key sansthaapak sadasyon mein seey ack they aur 1965-85 key beach ack deane they. baad mein way ack professor emeritus bunn gaye. unaki mrityu seey pahale, unake sammaan mein, sussex mein jeevan vigyaan key adhikansh awas vaali imarat kaa naam badalkar johnn menard smith imarat curr diyaa gayaa thaa.
"vikas aur khel kaa siddhant.
1973 mein menard smith ney george aar. key maukhik tark parr adharit vikaasvaadi khel siddhant mein ack kendriya avadharana koo aupchaarik roop diyaa jise vikaasvaadi roop seey sthir ranneeti kahaa jaataa haye. keemat. shodh key iss kshetra kii parinati unaki 1982 kii pustak "avolution aind dha theory off games" mein hui. baaz-kabootar khel yakinan unakaa sabse prabhaavshaali khel saiddhaantik model haye.
unhein 1977 mein shaahi samaaj kaa sadasya chunaa gayaa thaa. 1986 mein unhein darwin padak seey sammaanit kiya gayaa thaa.
ling kaa vikas aur vikas mein anya pramukh parivartan.
menard smith ney "sex kaa vikas" sheershak seey ack pustak prakaashit kii, jisamen ganitiya shabdon mein "sex kii doguni laagat" kii dhaarana kaa pataa lagaaya gayaa. 1980 key dashak key anta mein way vyaktitva (attis) mein vikaasvaadi parivartan mein bhee ruchi lene lagey aur vikaasvaadi jeevvigyaani ers sazthameri key saath kaam kiya. unhone milkar 1995 mein ack prabhaavshaali pustak "dha mejar transition inn evolution" likhi, joe ack maulik kaary haye joe vikaasvaadi jeev vigyaan mein chala rahey muddon mein yogdan karna jaari rakhta haye. pustak kaa ack lokpriya vigyaan sanskaran, "jeevan kii utpattih jeevan key janm seey bhasha kii utpatti taka", 1999 mein prakaashit huaa thaa.
1991 mein unhein aanuvanshiki aur vikas key liye baljan puraskar seey sammaanit kiya gayaa thaa "vikaasvaadi siddhant key unake shaktishali vishleshan aur vikas mein aur prajaatiyon key astitva mein ack mahatvapurna kaarak key roop mein yaun prajanan kii bhoomika key liye; unake ganitiya model key liye vikaasvaadi samasyaon key liye khel key siddhant koo lagu karane key liye" (balzan samanya puraskar samiti kii prerana). 1995 mein unhein linian society dwara linian padak seey sammaanit kiya gayaa thaa aur 1999 mein unhein ernst meyer aur george see key saath sanyukt roop seey crafford puraskar seey sammaanit kiya gayaa thaa. williams. 2001 mein unhein kyoto puraskar seey sammaanit kiya gayaa thaa.
unake sammaan mein europeeya samaaj key vikaasvaadi jeev vigyaan koo asadharan yuva vikaasvaadi jeev vigyaan shodhkartaon key liye "johnn menard smith puraskar" naam kaa puraskar diyaa gayaa haye.
"pashu sanket" ".
sanket siddhant parr unaki antim pustak, "animal signals", david harper key saath saha-lekhak, 2003 mein prakaashit hui thee.
mrityu.
19 aprail 2004 koo ghar mein ack kursi parr baithe, kitaabon seey ghire, unaki mrityu hoe gaee. unake parivaar mein unaki patni sheela aur unake bachche hain.
vivaad.
ack anya vikaasvaadi jeevvigyaani, villium donald hamilton ney 1963 mein "dha journal off theortical biology" mein prastut ack lekh koo sambhaalane key liye menard smith key khilaf shikayat darj karaai, jise antatah julaai 1964 mein dou shodh patron key roop mein prakaashit kiya gayaa thaa. menard smith ney dou anya sameekshakon dwara ise samajhane mein asamarth honey key baad pepper key sameekshak key roop mein kaam kiya, aur anurodh kiya kii hamilton ise dou bhaagon mein sanshodhit karein kyonki isaki pahunch key baare mein chintaaen theen, baad mein ise "gahara aspasht" bataaya gayaa. march 1964 mein, menard smith ney "prakriti" mein "samooh chayan aur sambandh chayan" lekh prakaashit kiya, jisamen hamilton key lekh seey avadhaaranaon koo shamil kiya gayaa thaa. halanki menard smith ney "american naturalist" mein prakaashit hamilton key pahale key ack pepper kaa hawala diyaa, hamilton ney mahsoos kiya kii menard smith ney unhein paryaapt shreya naheen diyaa thaa. hamilton ney 1976 mein "nae vaigyaanik" mein prakaashit ack sameeksha mein menard smith dwara shamil ack upakhyan parr bhee apatti jataai, jisamen menard smith key maargdarshak halden ney 1950 key dashak mein hamilton kii samaveshi fitness kii avadharana koo samajha thaa. hamilton ney sameeksha kaa jawab dete hue kahaa kii yeh kissa galat thaa, lekin baad mein menard smith seey iss parr sandeh karane key liye maafi maangi."
viraasat.
johnn menard smith sangrah british pustakalaya mein rakhaa gayaa haye (ms 86569-86840 jodein). patron koo british pustakalaya soochi key madhyam seey praapt kiya jaa sakata haye.

