
purana vaaee pull, chapsto

chapsto mein purana vaaee pull yaa shahar kaa pull, jise aitihaasik roop seey chapsto pull key roop mein bhee jaanaa jaataa haye, wells mein monmouthshire aur ingland mein gloucestershire key beach nadee vaaee koo paar kartaa haye, joe chapsto mahal key karib haye. halanki iss sthal parr pahale seey hii lakadi key pull they, vartamaan sadak pull kaa nirmaan 1816 mein regency avadhi key dauran cast iron seey kiya gayaa thaa, brignorth key johnn restrick dwara, jinhone johnn renee dwara pahale kii yojanaon koo bahut sanshodhit kiya thaa.
yeh pull duniya kii sabse oonchi jwaariya shrinkhalaon mein seey ack key saath ack nadee koo paar kartaa haye. yeh 1988 taka newport aur glocester key beach mukhya aeye48 sadak koo leey gayaa, jaba chapsto railway pull key saath ack nayaa sadak pull khola gayaa. sadak pull abb chapsto aur tootshill key beach sthaaniya yatayat koo leey jaataa haye. yeh ack shreni I soochibaddh imarat haye.
pahale kii sanrachanaaen.
roman kaal seey pahale, sabse door key pravaah mein vaai kaa paar tintern parr thaa. romanon ney chapsto mein vartamaan pull key kuchh oopar kii or ack paar kaa nirmaan kiya, aur aisaa maanaa jaataa haye kii isake baad sadiyon taka iska upayog jaari rhaa. vahaan ack chhota saa aspatal aur sent koo samarpit chappel thaa. pull key gloucestershire kii or david, jise 1573 mein barbad honey key roop mein varnit kiya gayaa thaa. roman pull key kuchh avashesh 1911 mein dow. nadee key tala mein khudai key dauran orwill owen. 
norman dwara chapsto (jise taba striguil key roop mein jaanaa jaataa thaa) mein ack mahal sthaapit karane key baad, nadee key paar yaa usake vartamaan sthal key karib ack lakadi key pull kaa nirmaan kiya gayaa thaa. chapsto mein ack pull kaa pahala record 1228 kii tarikh seey haye. lakadi key pull koo kaee baar badala gayaa haye. jwaariya seema key kaaran punarnirmaan mushkil hoe gayaa thaa, jisamen duss lakadi key khambhon kii aavashyakta thee, joe shayed usa samay desh mein sabse adhik thaa. 1399 key abhilekhon mein ise "kamjor aur vinashkari aur khou jaane key bindu parr" key roop mein varnit kiya gayaa haye, aur 1546 mein nirmit ack nae pull koo tees saal seey bhee cumm samay baad "badey khandahar aur kshay mein gir gayaa aur girane kii sambhavana" key roop mein varnit kiya gayaa thaa."1576 mein, ack adhiniyam (monmouthshire kaa vishisht sandarbh dene vaalaa pahala) paarit kiya gayaa thaa, jisamen gloucestershire aur monmouthshire koo unake sambandhit hisson kii marammat key liye jimmedaar banaaya gayaa thaa; 19veen shatabdi taka pull koo banaae rakhane mein madad karane key liye gloucestershire parrish dwara kiye gaye bhugtan key record hain.
haalaanki, upeksha jaari rahee, aur 1605 mein yeh kahaa gayaa kii pull phir seey toot gayaa thaa, gir gayaa thaa aur dhaara key saath kaafee door leey jaaya gayaa thaa... jisake dwara ukt maarg aur rajmarg koo poori tarah seey hataa diyaa jaataa haye..."usa varsh nae kaanoon key tahat yeh sahamati hui kii pull koo donon county key nivaasiyon parr lagaae gaye vishesh" "brij munny" "curr dwara banaae rakhaa jaae. agali dou shataabdiyon key liye pratyek county ney pull key donon chhor key liye ack sarvekshankarta niyukt kiya. kendra mein ack patthar key ghaat key alawa, pull poori tarah seey lakadi seey banaa thaa. 1644 mein grihyuddh key dauran rajvadiyon dwara pull koo jaanboojhkar nasht curr diyaa gayaa thaa, lekin 1647 taka iska punarnirmaan kiya gayaa thaa. 1703 mein toofaanon seey aur 1738 mein phir seey uchch paani seey ise gambhir roop seey nuksan pahuncha thaa, lekin donon baar isaki marammat kii gaee thee. villium coley ney 1746 mein pull key baare mein likhaa kii yeh "ingland mein sabse halka aur paani seey sabse oonchaa thaa."1768 mein ack sujhaav kii donon county koo ack nae pull key nirmaan kii laagat koo saajha karna chaahiye, whiffle hoe gayaa kyonki monmouthshire-gluestershire kii tulanaa mein ack chhota aur cumm samriddh county-ney ise anuchit maanaa kii ise aadhi laagat kaa bhugtan karna chaahiye. haalaanki, 1785 mein, monmouthshire kii or lakadi key ghaaton koo chaar patthar key mehraabon key roop mein punarnirmit kiya gayaa thaa, halanki gloucestershire kaa aadhaa hissa 1815 taka lakadi banaa rhaa.
1816 pull.
1810 mein pull koo phir seey "kshay" aur khatarnak ghoshit kiya gayaa thaa, aur sthaaniya magistrates ney landan mein waterloo pull key vastukar engineer johnn renee koo ack nae pull kaa design banaane key liye niyukt kiya. renee key design, £41,890 (£9 key barabar) kii anumaanit laagat parr, bahut mahange maane gaye they, lekin antatah 1812 mein ack jahaaj key lakadi key pull seey takaraane key baad kaarravaai kii gaee, jisase iska ack hissa dhwast hoe gayaa aur chhah mautein huin. nae pull kii adharshila 13 aprail 1813 koo rakhee gaee thee. 1814 mein pull key nirmaan kaa anubandh hazeldine, rastric aind company key brignorth firm koo diyaa gayaa thaa., 17,850 pound kii laagat parr, renee key anuman key aadhe seey bhee cumm.
pull koo johnn rastric dwara design kiya gayaa thaa, joe kii thomas telford key kaam seey prerit thaa. yeh paanch mehraabon mein lohe seey banaa thaa, joe pull parr daala gayaa thaa, jisamen madhya kii avadhi, madhya kii avadhi aur baahari vistaar they. pull koo 24 julaai 1816 koo ack vistrit samaroh key saath khola gayaa thaa.
yeh pull sabse badaa lohe kaa mehrab sadak pull haye joe lohe aur ispat key nirmaan kii pahali aadhi shatabdi seey bachaa haye, nilamban pulon key takniki navachar seey pahale. ise vastukala itihaaskaar johnn neuman dwara "dheere-dheere ghumaavdaar sadak maarg koo leey jaane vaale paanch uthale khandiya jaali mehraabon kii ack sarvocch suruchipurna sanrachana key roop mein varnit kiya gayaa haye... yeh adhirachana chaukor aslar key aashvast karane vaale majboot tapering ghaaton parr ticky hui haye...". pull parr alankrit lohe kaa kaam glocester aur monmouth key dou county key beach seema bindu koo chihnit kartaa haye. cast iron lamp post koo schafield city council seey kharida gayaa thaa aur 1969 mein sthaapit kiya gayaa thaa. pull 24 march 1975 koo ack grade I soochibaddh imarat bunn gayaa.
glocester aur south wells key beach mukhya sadak koo leey jaane vaalaa yeh pull ack kukhyaat baadha bunn gayaa aur kaee baar ise majboot kiya gayaa. pull koo pahali baar 1889 mein majboot kiya gayaa thaa, aur 1979 mein badee sanrachanaatmak marammat kii gaee thee. janwari 1988 mein khole gaye aeye48 sadak pull dwara sthaaniya yatayat koo chhodkar, ise hataa diyaa gayaa thaa.
pull abb chapsto aur tootshill key beach vargeekrit sadak parr sthaaniya yatayat koo leey jaataa haye, aur pratyek chhor parr yatayat sanketon dwara niyantrit kiya jaataa haye. julaai 2016 mein pull key dwishtabdi key liye rakharkhaav kaary key liye 2015 mein kaee maheenon key liye ise vaahan yatayat key liye bund curr diyaa gayaa thaa. smaarak vyavastha kaa samanvaya karane vaale samooh key ack sadasya ney pull koo "britten aur duniya mein sabse achchha georgia regency aark brij" key roop mein varnit kiya aur sujhaav diyaa kii ise vishva dharohar sthal key darje key liye prastaavit kiya jaanaa chaahiye. dwishtabdi samaroh mein sthaaniya nagrik netaaon aur sivil engineeron key sansthaan key adhyaksh surr johnn armit key bhashanon key saath mool udghaatan samaroh kaa punah adhiniyaman shamil thaa.