
harfush rajvansh

harfush rajvansh (yaa harfush, harfuch, harfush, yaa sabse aam taur parr harfush rajvansh, ack hii arabi parivaar key naam harfush key sabhi alag-alag pratilekhon) ack rajvansh thaa joe khuja janjaati seey nikla thaa, jisane muhammad key shasankal key dauran, seeriya kii vijay mein madad kii. harfush rajvansh ney ballbeck jile aur bekaa ghaati key kaee hisson koo niyantrit kiya. unakaa shiya honah harfush aur lebanese druze maan parivaar key beach pratidvandvita kaa ack pramukh kaarak thaa.
ballbeck aur bekaa ghaati key harfush ameer jaise shiya prasiddh loga ottoman raajya key sabse adhik maang vaale sthaaniya madhyasthon mein seey they. baad mein hamadas satta mein aae. unhone satrahavin shatabdi mein ottoman raajya key adhikaariyon aur sthaaniya gair-shee samudaay donon key saath jatil sambandhon key madhyam seey tripoli key graameen bheetari ilaakon mein kaee curr kheton parr niyantran kaa prayog kiya. harfush aur hamadas donon lebnan mein shiya islam key they, bekaa ghaati key harfush amirat aur aim. tii. lebnan key hamadas ney shuf key druze amirat key kshetriya vistaar aur shakti koo chunauti dee. druze key vipareet, shiya ameeron koo niyamit roop seey unaki dhaarmik pehchaan key liye ninda kii jaati thee aur ebu-sood kii (kizylbas) dharm-virodhi kii paribhasha key tahat prataadit kiya jaataa thaa.
harfush praarambhik mamluk kaal seey hii ack kshetriya roop seey sarvopari rajvansh rhaa haye aur yahaan taka kii sthaaniya shiya mandiron aur vidvaanon key sanrakshak key roop mein bhee kaary kartaa haye. isaliye ottomans key liye way hamesha sthaaniya rajkoshiya aur raajneetik karyalayon key liye pramukh ummidwar they, jisamen homes key upa-praant key sainya governorship bhee shamil thee, jisake liye unhein teji seey badhate prabhutva vaale druze amirat key prabhaav koo aanshik roop seey offset karane key liye niyukt kiya gayaa thaa.
itihas.
pandrahavin shatabdi.
swargiya mamluk itihaaskaar ibn tauk ney ack ibn harfush kii pehchaan 1483 kii shuruat mein all-jebbeh aur asal all-words key virodhi lebnan pahaadi gaanvon key mukaddam key roop mein kii thee. baad mein, ibn all-himsey aur ibn tulun ney 1498 mein ballbeck key upa (nayab) key roop mein ack kaa ullekh kiya. agyaat ibn harfush 1516 kii shuruat mein ack ottoman abhilekhiya srot mein dikhaai detaa haye, jaba usane aur kaee anya sthaaniya logon ney sultan saleem koo apane samarpan kii peshkash karate hue ack patra parr hastakshar kiye, lekin 1518 mein janbardi all-ghazaali dwara ack vidrohi key roop mein nishpaadit kiya gayaa thaa.
solahavin shatabdi.
yaman abhiyaan mein moosa harfush kii antim bhagidari (joe vaastav mein zaydi shiya imam kii taakton key khilaf nirdeshit thee) parr aage koee shabd naheen haye, aur baad key varshon mein harfush koo cydone key bajaay homes aur tadmur key saank-begg niyukt kiya jaayega. aggar kuchh aur naheen, tou 1568 mein ack aadhikarik governorship key badale mein ack adiwasi sahayak division kaa netritva karane key liye unakaa chayan kiya gayaa, joe kii maam 'naa parivaar koo unaki ameer upaadhi praapt karane seey bees saal seey bhee adhik samay pahale thaa, ottoman shasson key tahat shite matadhikar kii sambhaavanaon aur seemaon donon kii or ishara kartaa haih praantiya sarkaar kaa pragatisheel mudrikaran aur baad mein solahavin shatabdi mein sainya shakti key nijikaran ney ack aisaa sandarbh banaaya jisamen gair-adiwasi sahayak vibhaag kaa netritva naheen kiya gayaa thaa.-
sunni adiwasi netaaon ney sthaaniya curr aur pulis riyaayaton key liye vyavharya, yahaan taka kii aadarsh, ummidvaaron kaa gathan kiya, joe raajya dwara maanyata praapt they aur shaahi sainya prashaasnik padanukram mein ekikrit they. phir bhee unaki safalata sthaaniya roop seey apana prabhaav banaae rakhane, apane sankeern sankeern aadharon koo paar karane, rajaswa badhaane aur paschimi seeriya kii badalati aarthik sthiti kaa laabh uthaane kii unaki kshamata parr bhee nirbhar karegi. iss kshetra mein sabse pahale ottoman raajya dwara saha-chune jaane vaale ameeron mein seey ack they, lekin lambe samay mein anya sthaaniya balon kii pratispardha key liye khade naheen honge.
cydone-birut koo ack beglerbelic mein badalana.
samrajya mein anya sthaanon kii tarah, prashaasnik ikaaiyon jaise kii ilats aur curr farmon koo sateek roop seey seemankit naheen kiya gayaa thaa, lekin sarkaar kii jarooraton yaa niyukt vyakti key vyaktigat mahatva key anusaar unakaa punargathan kiya jaa sakata thaa. ottomans ney 1585 mein allie harfush key tahat cydone-birut koo ack beglerbeglic mein badalane parr vichaar kiya; 1590 mein shuru hocker fakhar all-deen maan aur unake beton ney kaee varshon taka safaad aur phir cydone-birut koo suncock-beij key roop mein aayojit kiya.
satrahavin shatabdi.
anjaar' kii ladaai.
harfush netaa ameer 1600 key dashak kii shuruat mein lebnani druze lord fakhar all-deen key saath sangharsh mein thaa kyonki usa sangharsh key kaaran fakhar all-deen ney bekaa ghaati mein jaane kaa faisala kiya thaa. harfush rajvansh fakhar all-deen key nirvaasan key dauran maan parivaar key kshetra parr kabja karna chaahata thaa. unus kaa ack sahayogi thaa, mustafa paasha joe damishk kaa rajyapal thaa. unus aur paasha fakhar all-deen seey safad kaa sanjak lena chaahte they. fakhar all-deen itali seey laute aur bekaa key paar chaley gaye. usane mustafa paasha parr kabja curr liya aur harfush key ameer koo haraaya.
anjaar kii ladaai seey pahale aur baad mein bekaa ghaati haal hii mein ack seey praapt kii jaa sakati haye.
damishk praant key liye iltism niyuktiyon kaa register prakaashit kiya. 1616 seey 1635 key varshon koo cover karate hue, anya cheejon key saath-saath register iss kshetra mein sarkari curr kheton key liye nae daavedaron key roop mein vaadi taim key shahabiyon key uday key saath-saath harfush key badhate haashiye key dastaveji saboot pradaan kartaa haye.
udaaharan key liye, 1618 mein shuru honey parr, tuscany seey fakhar all-deen kii vaapsee key samay key aspas, unus harfush parr aam taur parr aaya key gaanv seey ballbeck key emin key kaaran aaya koo tyagane kaa dabaav aaya, jaba damascus key mufti ('ayatha key mool nivasi) ney kshetra koo punarjeevit karane aur phir seey aabaadi banaane key kathit hita mein ise apane liye alag karane kii yachika daayar kii thee. baad key varshon mein bhee, jaba haarfashon ney maanon seey bekaa kaa niyantran phir seey leey liya thaa aur mufti lambe samay seey marr chuke they, tou gaanv aupchaarik roop seey apani joth seey baahar rhaa.
register mein harfash aur maan key beach fitanaa (kalah) key prashaasnik sandarbh parr bhee prakaash daala gayaa haye. yeh sthaaniya itihaskaron key daavon kii pushti kartaa haye kii fakhar all-deen ney ballbeck curr riyayat key liye sultan koo 100,000 soney key sikke bhejane kii peshkash kii thee, lekin iss dhaarana parr sandeh vyakt kartaa haye kii damascus key rajyapal ney kewal prastaav parr 'koee dhyaan naheen diyaa' yaa usey sthaapit karane key liye udaatt bandargah key aadeshon koo nazarandaj curr diyaa. fakhar all-deen key prastaav kaa milan unus ney kiya, aur 'anjar' kii ladaai key turant baad damishk aur ballbeck key kadis dwara unake bete 'allie harfush' key liye iltism kii pushti kii gaee.
unake prasiddh vidvaanon mein seey ack.
ottoman kaal mein bekaa seey harfush key naam seey cumm seey cumm ack imami vidwan thaah
muhammad ibn 'allie all-harfushi (mrityu 1649), ack kapada nirmaata, vyaakaranagya aur kaarak noonh key kavi, koo jahir taur parr damishk mein raafad key liye sataaya gayaa thaa aur phir iran chaley gaye, jahan unhein ack aadhikarik raajya pada milaa.
athaarahavin shatabdi.
aina daara kii ladaai aur harfush key ameer kii bhoomika.
aisaa prateet hotaa haye kii harfash 1702 taka ballbeck key niyantran mein vaapas aaa gaye they, jaba sthaaniya khaaton seey sanket milata haye kii aim. tii. lebnan mein 'akura' key ack isai sheikh ney apane turkey kaushal key kaaran ameer hussain (harfash) kii seva mein yajisi, yaa sachiv key roop mein pravesh kiya. 1711 mein, francisi rajanyik reports seey pataa chalata haye kii hussain harfush ney haider shihabi koo aashray diyaa aur phir 2,500 sainikon kii aapoorti kii taaki unhein aina daara kii ladaai mein apane druze pratidvandiyon koo mitaa dene mein madad mill sakey, aur khud koo schuff key ekmatra ameer key roop mein sthaapit curr sakey. dilchasp roop seey aich mein sambodhit naheen kiya gayaa. aeye. all-shihabi yaa usa avadhi key kissy bhee anya itihas.
mount lebnan key shites koo samarthan.
ottoman darbar key itihaaskaar rasid (dee. 1735) apane aadhikarik khaate mein kaee mahatvapurna ghatnaaon koo doorbeen seey pesh kartaa haye (lekin shiya graminon key khilaf kiye gaye atyacharon koo chhod detaa haye). hamadas, jinhen 'avajan' key saath-saath 'harfush' dwara samarthit kiya gayaa thaa, ballbeck kii or bhaagate samay bhaari burf mein funce gaye they. anumaanit 150 loga maare gaye. kewal khazinon ney abb bache hue logon key thoke vadh koo rokaa, yeh daavaa karate hue kii unhein maan seey tripoli praant chhodane kii anumati naheen thee, aur shaahi balon koo kaheen aur nirdeshit kiya. phir bhee, allie paasha koo santusht naheen honah thaa. hamadas aur unake sanghon, shite yaa anyatha key liye ack khoj shuru hui. anakahe gaanvon koo jalaa diyaa gayaa, mahilaaon koo gulam banaa liya gayaa aur katey hue siron koo tripoli mein vaapas laaya gayaa. agast key anta mein, unhone kheton koo lootane key liye ack aur senaa koo fatooh mein bheja. unake kuchh jaanvaron koo vaapas paane key prayaas key dauran, hussain ibn sarhan, unake chachere bhaai hassan dib aur kaee sathiyon koo pakad liya gayaa aur maar diyaa gayaa. octuber key anta mein, jaba abd all-ghaani all-nabulusi ney tripoli kaa daura kiya, tou allie paasha abhee bhee "kattar dharm-virodhi, hamada gutt seey lada rahey they.
roodhivaadi logon key saath ghanishth gathbandhan.
hamadon kii tarah, harfush ameer church key adhikaariyon key chayan aur sthaaniya mathon key sanchaalan mein ack seey adhik avsaron parr shamil they. parampara kaa maanana haye kii kaee isaaiyon ney athaarahavin shatabdi mein ballbeck kshetra koo chhod diyaa thaa, kyonki nae, adhik surakshit shahar zahale mein harfash key utpeedan aur balatkar key kaaran, lekin adhik mahatvapurna adhyayanon ney iss vyakhya parr sawal uthaaye hain, yeh ingit karate hue kii
jahale key roodhivaadi maluf parivaar (jahaan mustafa harfash ney kuchh varshon baad sharan lii) key saath harfush kaa nikat sambandh thaa aur yeh darshaata haye kii vibhinn vargon seey apavyay key saath-saath zahale kii badhati vaanijyik aakarshan ney athaarahavin shatabdi mein ballbeck key patan kaa kaaran banaa. vahaan joe daman thaa, vaha hamesha isai samudaay koo lakshit naheen kartaa thaa. udaaharan key liye, shiya 'usairan parivaar key baare mein yeh bhee kahaa jaataa haye kii usane iss avadhi mein ballbeck koo chhod diyaa thaa taaki harfush dwara zabt kiye jaane seey bachaa jaa sakey, khud koo sidon key pramukh vaanijyik parivaaron mein seey ack key roop mein sthaapit kiya aur baad mein iran key vanijya doot key roop mein bhee seva kii.
zahale kii gherabandi.
1841 mein zahale kii gherabandi key baare mein ack samkaaleen isai itihaaskaar kahate hainh
"harfush ney kewal zahale koo hii naheen, balki lebnan mein sabhi isaaiyon koo bhee shreya diyaa. isai apamaanit hotey aggar way duruz key khilaf apani ladaai (zahale ') haar jaate, jinhone (duruz) pahale deir all cummer mein ladaai jeet lii thee (harfash isaaiyon key peechhe khade they aur zahale key yuddh key maidan mein duruz koo haraaya thaa).
anta.
1865 mein ottoman sarkaar ney antim harfush ameeron koo nirvaasan key liye turkey mein edirne bhejane kaa adesh diyaa; baad mein unamen seey adhikansh ballbeck laut aae, lekin anya naheen aaa sakey aur istanbul mein reh gaye; baad mein carro mein sthanantarit curr diyaa gayaa.
harfush amirat key gayab honey kaa prabhaav.
harfush amirat key achaanak gayab honey seey ballbeck key shiya samudaay koo kissy bhee pracheen jadon, swadeshi samajik netritva seey vanchit curr diyaa gayaa, jisase yeh videshi-prerit, vaichaarik zana andolanon jaise saamyvaad, nasirwad aur lebnan kii uthal-puthal 20 veen shatabdi mein hizb allah key uday key liye ack sambhaavit sthal bunn gayaa.
upasthit hain.
aaj, all harfatch key paas abhee bhee ballbeck mein badee ekad bhoomi haye, ballbeck kaa mukhya kabristan aur dou gaanv unaki yaad mein reh gaye hain, harfauche gaanv aur emra ell harfatch gaanv. ballbeck shahar kii sabse purani masjid parr unus all-harfuche kaa naam bhee utkeern haye. aajkal, shahar mein ise aksar harfuch rajvansh key bajaay all harfuch parivaar key roop mein sandarbhit kiya jaataa haye. haalaanki, bekka key sthaaniya parivaaron mein abhee bhee kshetra aur usake logon key veer rakshakon key roop mein apane uchch manakon koo puuraa karate hain.

