tritoma virus

tritoma virus (tii. aar. vee.) keat virus parivaar "disectroviridae" seey sambandhit ack virus haye."iss parivaar key bheetar, vartamaan mein virus kii 3 prajaatiyan aur 15 prajaatiyan hain. tritoma virus "cripavirus" vansh seey sambandhit haye. yeh gair-aachchhaadit haye aur isaki aanuvanshik samagri sakaratmak-bodh, ekal-fanse hue aar. aine. aeye. haye. tritoma virus key praakritik mezban aksheruki hain. triatoma infestance key liye ack gyaat rogjanak haye, joe argentine mein chagas roga kaa pramukh vector haye joe rasayanik keetnashakon key vipareet triatoma virus koo javic vector niyantran key liye ack pramukh ummidwar banaata haye. tritoma virus kii khoj pahali baar 1984 mein hui thee jaba tritome key rogjanakon kaa ack sarvekshan sambhaavit javic niyantran vidhiyon koo khojane kii ummeed mein kiya gayaa thaa. infenstance.
viral vargeekaran.
tii. aar. vee. ack sakaratmak-bodh, ekal-fanse hue aar. aine. aeye. virus haye. yeh virus samooh IV seey sambandhit haye. virus samooh baltimore vargeekaran pranali parr adharit hain. baltimore vargeekaran pranali virus dwara upayog kii jaane vaali viral mrinaa sanshleshan kii vidhi parr adharit haye. tii. aar. vee. "dicystroviridae" parivaar mein ack cripavirus haye aur "picornavirales" crum mein haye.
sanrachana.
virus kaa protein capsid 30 nm vyaas kaa hotaa haye. capsid mein icosadral samroopata hoti haye aur 3 kii chhadm-tribhuj sankhya hoti haye. vajan key hisab seey, virian kaa 65 pratishat protein hotaa haye aur 35 pratishat aar. aine. aeye. hotaa haye. tii. aar. vee. kii aanuvanshik samagri mein 3x106 key saapeksh aanvik vajan key saath sakaratmak-bodh aar. aine. aeye. kaa ack ekal strand hotaa haye. viral kann mein kramshah 39,37,33 aur 45 key. dee. aeye. key aanvik vajan key saath chaar polypeptide bhee hotey hain. chaar sanrachanaatmak proteins mein capsid shamil hainh joe, vp1, aur, aur parr. joe, vp1, aur aur capsid kii mukhya sanrachanaatmak ikaaiyon kii rachana karate hain jabaki parr capsid key bheetar icosaded naheen hotaa haye. yeh sambhavatah vee. pee. 1, vee. pee. 2 aur vee. pee. 3 upa-ikai mein 5 gunaa aksh key aspas key avasheshon key kaaran haye joe vee. pee. 4 kii sanrachana mein sambandhit avasheshon key poorak naheen hain.
genome.
tritoma virus mein ack sakaratmak-bodh, ekal-fanse hue aar. aine. aeye. genome hotaa haye joe ack aim. aar. aine. aeye. anu kii tarah kaary kartaa haye taaki ise seedhe mezban koshika machinary dwara anuvaadit kiya jaa sakey. polly-aeye tail koo chhodkar, tii. aar. vee. kaa genome 9010 nucleotides lamba hotaa haye. polly-aeye tail key saath, genome lagbhag 10 key. bee. lamba hotaa haye. pratyek aadhar kaa saapeksh pratishat 28 ± 7% adenine, 16 ± 1% cytosine, 19 ± 8% gwanin aur 35 ± 4% uracil haye. genome kii jee. see. samagri lagbhag 35 pratishat haye aur genome kii aeye. yuu samagri lagbhag 63 pratishat haye. yeh uchch aeye. yuu. samagri keat virus kii vishisht haye joe picornviruses key samaan hain. genome mein dou badey khule padhane key frame (oh. aar. aff.) hotey hain. khule padhane key frame overlap naheen hotey hain. oh. aar. aff. 1 key anumaanit emino acid anukram mein aar. aine. aeye.-nirbhar aar. aine. aeye.-polymerase, cysteine protease aur aar. aine. aeye. helicase key samaan rupankanon koo shamil kiya gayaa haye. sakaratmak-fanse hue aar. aine. aeye. viruses key capsid mein aar. aine. aeye.-nirbhar aar. aine. aeye.-polymerase naheen hotey hain, isaliye way unake genome mein unake liye kootbaddh hotey hain aur koshika key anuvaad tantra parr nirbhar hotey hain joe aar. aine. aeye.-nirbhar aar. aine. aeye.-polymerase kaa utpaadan karate hain. oh. aar. aff. 2 mein chaar sanrachanaatmak protein vee. pee. 1, vee. pee. 2, vee. pee. 3 aur minor protein vee. pee. 4 key liye anukram hotey hain joe viral capsid key mukhya ghatak honge.
pratikriti chakr.
pravesh.
koshika mein viral genome kaa pravesh koshika key baahar ack vishisht receptor key liye viral kann key bandhan key saath shuru hotaa haye. ack baar receptor seey bandhe honey key baad, capsid koo anuroop parivartanon seey gujarna padata haye joe koshika mein aar. aine. aeye. genome koo chhodane kii anumati detaa haye. tii. aar. vee. key saath honey vaale sanrachana parivartanon kii sabse adhik sambhavana dou-gunaa aksh parr capsid kii pentameric upa-ikaaiyon key flipping open hain jabaki upa-ikai abhee bhee dusare interfaces parr judee hui haye. aar. aine. aeye. koo taba capsid seey chhoda jaayega aur koshika mein pravesh kiya jaayega. ack baar aar. aine. aeye. key jaari honey key baad, pentameric upa-ikaaiyaan bund hoe jaati hain, jisase abb khaali capsid bunn jaataa haye. capsid key bheetar nihit chhota protein, vee. pee. 4, mezban koshika jhilli kii pargamyata koo prabhaavit karke genome release mein bhee bhoomika nibhaata haye. capsid satah parr asatat chhidra viroporin key samaan jhilli parr parr pargamyata gatividhi kii anumati dete hain. yeh genome pravesh mein aur sambhavatah aage key koshika pravesh charanon mein sahaayata kartaa haye.
pratikriti aur pratilekhan.
dicystrovirus kii pratikriti tantra key baare mein bahut cumm jaankaari haye, lekin yeh sambhavana haye kii way ack aise tantra kaa upayog karate hain joe picornviruses key samaan haye.
samanya picornviruses pratikriti tantra cloverleaf key aakar kii sanrachana key saath shuru hotaa haye joe aar. aine. aeye. genome key 5 'anta mein है। protein seey bandha hotaa haye. है। ack rna-nirbhar rna-polymerase key roop mein kaary kartaa haye. है। phir ack anya protein key saath baatchit kartaa haye joe polly (aeye) tail koo baandhata haye. yeh aar. aine. aeye. koo golakar kartaa haye aur aar. aine. aeye. polymerase koo 3 'chhor seey nakaratmak-bodh aar. aine. aeye. utpann karane kii anumati detaa haye, jabaki 5' chhor seey sakaratmak-bodh aar. aine. aeye. utpann karane mein bhee saksham hotaa haye. genome kaa anuvaad shuru mein 5 'yuu. tii. aar. key liye 3see. dee. key bandhan dwara viniyamit kiya jaataa haye. yeh aar. aine. aeye. seey ribosome koo hataa detaa haye aur ise poori tarah seey ack pratikriti template banaata haye. aar. aine. aeye. virus mein ack niyaamak tantra honah chaahiye joe yeh niyantrit kartaa haye kii genome kaa pratilekhan kiya gayaa haye yaa anuvaad kiya gayaa haye taaki yeh naa kewal nae viral capsid kaa utpaadan karey balki una capsid koo bharane key liye aanuvanshik samagri bhee paida karey.
assembly aur release.
gair-sanrachanaatmak protein koo kootbaddh karane vaale genome key hisse koo genome key usa hisse key saath saha-abhivyakt kiya jaanaa chaahiye joe kaaryasheel viral kanon kaa utpaadan karane key liye capsid key sanrachanaatmak protein kaa utpaadan kartaa haye. genome key gair-sanrachanaatmak bhaag kii abhivyakti key binaa, kanon kaa utpaadan hotaa haye lekin way aanuvanshik samagri seey rahit hotey hain. kii, joe joe, vp1 aur aur protein seey baney capsid kii mukhya sanrachanaatmak ikai haye, koo capsid assembly seey pahale alag kiya jaanaa chaahiye anyatha yeh anya poorvavarti kii anuon key saath milkar koshika mein gair-isometric assemble banaayega joe koshika mein jaldi seey jamaa hoe jaataa haye. yeye sanyojan bhee vishisht tii. aar. vee. capsid kii tulanaa mein bahut badey hotey hain. yeh anishchit haye kii kii agradoot sanyojan swayam antim capsid roop key agradoot hain yaa naheen yaa way mrit-anta sanrachanaaen hain. nae viral kann koshika dravya mein ikattha hotey hain aur koshika tantrika parr chhode jaate hain. koshika lysis virus dwara uksaayaa gayaa viroporin utpaadan seey shuru hotaa haye joe koshika jhilli kii pargamyata koo badhaata haye aur koshika jhilli koo baadhit kartaa haye.
ushnakatibandhiya.
tritoma virus tritomine key pett mein pratikriti banaata haye, vishesh roop seey upkala aant koshikaon mein. isase vyakti key vikas mein deree hoti haye aur jyaadaatar mamalon mein mrityu hoe jaati haye. tii. aar. vee. koo "tii" key kaatane key madhyam seey manushyon mein preshit kiya jaa sakata haye. infenstance "jaba way rakt khaate hain lekin virus maanav koshikaon mein pratikriti banaane mein asamarth hotaa haye. tii. aar. vee. ney praayogik sthitiyon mein choohon kii koshikaon mein pratikriti banaane mein saksham naheen dikhaaya haye.
tii. aar. vee. "tii" key vyaktiyon key beach sanchaarit hotaa haye. dou alag-alag tarikon seey infenstance. sancharan kaa pahala tarika kshaitij sancharan kaa ack roop haye, mull-maukhik maarg. jaba "tii. infenstance kaa rakt feed yaa khilaane key turant baad, way shauch karate hain aur viral kanon koo chhod dete hain. swasth vyakti joe sankramit vyaktiyon key paas bhojan curr rahey hain, way abb sankramit satah koo chhedkar khud sankramit hoe sakate hain. sancharan kaa doosara tarika urdhvaadhar sancharan key madhyam seey haye, vishesh roop seey transovarial sancharan key madhyam seey, jiska arth haye kii ack sankramit mahila virus koo apani santanon mein paarit curr sakati haye. yahee kaaran haye kii sankramit mahilaaon kii adhikansh santaanen apsara avastha seey aage naheen bachati hain.
upayog karein.
chagas roga "trypanosoma cruzie" key kaaran hotaa haye. lattin america mein lagbhag saat seey assie laakh logon koo chagas roga honey kaa anuman haye aur iss roga key liye koee gyaat teeka naheen haye. trypanosoma cruzie" leey jaane vaalaa vector keat prajaati "tritoma infestance" haye, jise "chumban keede" key roop mein bhee jaanaa jaataa haye. kyonki yeh "tii" key liye ack rogjanak haye. sankraman, "tritoma virus kii jaanch tii koo niyantrit karane key liye ack vaikalpik vidhi key roop mein kii gaee haye. infenstance kii jansankhya kaa aakar aur unaki kshamata sanchaarit karati haye. cruzie.  tii" koo niyantrit karane kii vartamaan vidhi. infenstance kii aabaadi rasayanik keetnashakon kaa upayog haye, lekin paryavaraniya prabhaavon, deshi aabaadi mein keetnashak pratirodh, aur manushyon, jangli aur gharelu jaanvaron mein swaasthya chintaon parr chintaon key kaaran, viral vector niyantranon kii jaanch kii jaa rahee haye.
javic sadish niyantran agent key roop mein tritoma virus key shuruati upayog mein hichkichaahat maujood thee kyonki iska sambandh anya picornviruses seey thaa joe standhari rogjanak hain. tii. aar. vee. key anukram kaa vishleshan karane key baad, halanki, yeh nishkarsh nikala gayaa kii yeh picornviruses seey kaafee alag haye kii yeh virus key poori tarah seey nae parivaar seey sambandhit honah chaahiye joe kewal sankramit keede, "diastroviridae" koo sankramit karate hain. vishaanuon kii dou shreniyon key beach sabse ullekhaniya aanuvanshik antar vishisht picornviruses mein kewal ack khule padhane vaale frame kii upasthiti aur tritoma virus jaise virus mein dou alag-alag khule padhane vaale frame hain. taba seey tritoma virus kii pushti hui haye kii yeh prayogaatmak pareekshan dwara kaee standhari prajaatiyon mein doharaane mein asamarth haye, vishesh roop seey manushyon sahit, isaliye yeh manushyon yaa jangli yaa paltu jaanvaron key liye jokhim paida naheen kartaa haye yadi iska upayog javic vector niyantran agent key roop mein kiya jaataa haye.
tritoma virus sankraman apsaraon mein mrityu darr koo 97.6% kii or leey jaataa haye aur prayogshala kaloniyon mein moulting koo rokta haye. tii. aar. vee. sankramit vyaktiyon mein vikas aur mrityu mein deree kaa kaaran banata haye. tii kii jangli aabaadi key ack sarvekshan mein. argentine mein, virus kewal 10 pratishat aabaadi mein maujood thaa. tii kii aabaadi. argentine key shushk chaako paaristhitiki kshetra mein infistance koo pahale seey hii ack prabhaavi, tii. aar. vee. vector niyantran vidhiyon key liye sambhaavit lakshya dikhaaya gayaa haye aur argentine key bheetar anya aabaadi koo saiddhaantik model mein sambhaavit lakshyon key roop mein pahachaana gayaa haye.
tii. aar. vee. kii pratikriti key baad, tii. infestance kii aanton kii koshikaaen tii key adhik anushaasit dikhaai dee hain. cruzie "aur chagas roga key liye rogjanak koo chhodane kii sambhavana cumm hoti haye.

