
dushshi maalaa padak

dushdi maalaa padak (,) thyland kii sammaan pranali mein ack nagrik sammaan haye, aur raajya koo dee jaane vaali sevaaon key liye diye jaane vaale logon mein sarvocch shreni kaa padak haye. iss puraskar kii sthaapana 1882 mein raajaa chulalongkorn (raam vee) dwara ratankosin raajya key shatabdi samaroh koo manaane key liye kii gaee thee. mool roop seey paanch shreniyon mein diyaa gayaa, pratyek mein ack padak patti key roop mein sanlagn ack pinn key saath, aaj yeh kewal kalaa aur vigyaan key kshetron mein vishisht sevaaon key liye diyaa jaataa haye, jise kalaa aur vigyaan (sinlap vitthaaya) key pinn dwara darshaaya jaataa haye.
itihas.
thyland kii aadhunik sammaan pranali raajaa mongkut (raam IV, r. 1851-1868) aur 1869 mein raajaa chulalongkorn dwara aupchaarik roop diyaa gayaa. 1882 mein, ratankosin raajya key shatabdi samaroh kaa jashn manaane key liye, chulalongkorn ney chakri key shaahi gharaane aur dushshi maalaa padak kaa crum banaaya. jabaki shaahi adesh kewal shaahi parivaar key sadasyon koo diyaa jaayega, padak yogyata key liye diyaa jaanaa thaa, sainya karmiyon aur nagrikon donon koo, samajik rank kii parwah kiye binaa.
yeh padak mool roop seey paanch shreniyon mein diyaa gayaa thaa, pratyek mein ack vishesh pinn key saath ack padak patti key roop mein jodaa jaanaa thaa. way theh raajaa kii vyaktigat seva key liye ratchakan naee fra-ong (); desh kii seva key liye ratchakan fandin (); desh koo labhanvit karane vaale aavishkaron key liye sinalpa vithaaya (), vaigyaanik gyaan koo aage badhaane vaale lekhak, yaa ack shilp mein visheshagyata; khwam karuna (), dharmarth karyon key liye; aur senaa mein bahaduri key karyon key liye klahan ().
jaba raajaa vajiraavadh 1910 mein chualongkorn key uttaradhikari baney, tou unhone vyaktigat seva key liye apane puraskar key roop mein vajir maalaa order banaaya, usa shreni mein dushshi maalaa key upayog kii jagah lii. isi tarah anya sajaavaton ney antatah dushdhi maalaa kii teen anya shreniyon koo anaavashyak banaa diyaa. 1941 mein sansad kaa ack nayaa adhiniyam jaari kiya gayaa, jisamen mool adhiniyam koo nirast aur pratisthaapit kiya gayaa. nae adhiniyam ney padak kii upasthiti koo sanshodhit kiya, aur puraskar kii anya shreniyon koo hataa diyaa, jisase kalaa aur vigyaan mein visheshagyata pradarshit karane vaalon koo kewal sinlapa vithaaya pinn diyaa gayaa.
kaanoon dwara, dushshi maalaa padak raajaa key vivek parr diyaa jaataa haye, aur iska paalan isake shuruati varshon key dauran vaastavik abhyaas mein kiya gayaa thaa. jaise-jaise shikshaavidon kaa vikas huaa aur sivil seva kaa vikas huaa, prakriya koo aupchaarik banaane key liye atirikt niyam banaae gaye. 1928 key ack viniyaman mein nirdhaarit kiya gayaa thaa kii shaahi samaaj seey anumodan key adheen, mantralaya apani kamaan key tahat sarkari adhikaariyon key namankan key liye jimmedaar honge. 1978 taka, gair-sarkari karmchaariyon koo naamit karane kii anumati dene key liye ise phir seey likhaa gayaa.
upasthiti.
dushshi maalaa padak andakar aakar kaa hotaa haye. jabaki mool padak kissy bhee samagri seey banaaya jaa sakata thaa, yeh abb 1941 key adhiniyam key anusaar soney key soney seey banaa haye. saamane vaale hisse mein raajaa chulalongkorn kaa ack chitra dikhaaya gayaa haye, jisake neeche ack pushp maalaa haye. peechhe kii or desh key sanrakshak devta siyam devdhiraj kii ack chhavi haye, joe ack munch parr khadee haye, siyam key coat off arms key escutchian (dhaal) kaa samarthan karati haye aur praaptakarta key naam key oopar ack "fuang malaai" (maalaa) dhaaran karati haye. munch key neeche padak key nirmaan kaa chulaskarat varsh, sankhya (1244) haye. mool padak mein vakyansh bhee pradarshit kiye gaye they ("kulalankaranavas parmaradhirajino", "mahaan raajaa key liye paali, jiska naam chulalongkorn haye") sheersh seema parr aur ("sayimindarmaraj tuttippanam idanam"-"yeh padak mahaan raajaa, raajaa siyam kii khushi kaa prateek haye") peechhe kii or, saath hii saath "ack saath aaney vaale logon kii ekataa kii guaranti key roop mein" sabbesam sanghabhatnam saaji "(subbasum sanghudha sajim). mool padak bhee hastaaksharit hain.aiss. & aeye.bee. shaahi chitra key neeche sookshm varnon mein "vien sc".
padak koo ack latkan upkaran key saath ack cross kii gaee talwar key aakar mein jodaa jaataa haye aur ack plate key neeche shaahi laathi key neeche "τρινε" ("shaahi anand key saath") shabd hotey hain. ribbon chauda, sainya aur pulis karmiyon key liye laal aur safed, nagrikon key liye safed aur gulabi hotaa haye. sinalpa vithaay pinn ack baar haye jisake donon siron parr "kalaa aur vigyaan" aur kamal key rupankanon key saath shabd hain.
sammaan.
1978 key viniyaman aur isake baad key sanshodhanon key anusaar, namankit logon koo gyaan, pranaliyon, prakriyaon yaa aavishkaron parr bahut sudhaar karna chaahiye thaa, yaa kalaa aur vigyaan mein utkrisht visheshagyata aur prasiddhi kaa pradarshan karna chaahiye thaa, unake kaam ney desh key liye bahut laabh pradarshit kiya thaa. mantralayon, rashtriya anusandhaan parishad key karyalaya, shaahi samaaj, vishvavidyalaya parishadon, peshevar sangathanon aur usee kshetra mein pichhale puraskar vijetaon dwara namankan kiye jaa sakate hain. namankanon parr ack vishesh samiti dwara vichaar kiya jaataa haye, joe pradhaanmantri key liye shaahi parivaar koo bhejane kii sifarish karegi.
padak thyland key raajaa dwara yaa raajaa kii or seey niyukt vyakti dwara pradaan kiya jaataa haye. sammaanit padak praaptakarta aur unake uttaradhikariyon kii sampatti hain, lekin puraskar key anupayukt kadachar key mamle mein radd kiya jaa sakata haye.

