
sent martin (dweep)

sent martin (;) poorvottar carribean samudra mein ack dweep haye, joe puerto rico key lagbhag poorv mein haye. dweep koo francisi ganarajya () aur neetherland raajya () key beach motey taur parr 60:40 vibhajit kiya gayaa haye, lekin dutch bhaag francisi bhaag kii tulanaa mein adhik aabaadi vaalaa haye. yeh vibhajan 1648 kaa haye. uttari francisi bhaag mein sent martin kii saamoohikta shamil haye aur yeh francisi ganarajya kii ack videshi saamoohikta haye. france key hisse key roop mein, dweep kaa francisi hissa bhee europeeya sangh kaa hissa haye. dakshini dutch bhaag mein sint marten shamil haye aur yeh chaar ghatak deshon mein seey ack haye joe neetherland kaa raajya banaate hain.
1 janwari, 2019 koo poore dweep kii aabaadi 73,777 thee, jisamen 41,177 dutch paksh mein aur 32,489 francisi paksh mein rahate they. dhyaan dein kii francisi paksh key liye aankada sitambar 2017 mein toofaan irma kii tabahi key baad hui janganana parr adharit haye, jabaki dutch paksh key liye aankada abhee bhee 2011 kii janganana key aadhar parr kewal ack post-sensor anuman haye. dweep key dutch paksh mein toofaan irma key baad pahali janganana octuber 2022 mein hui thee. 1, 2017, toofaan irma seey pahale, 75,869 (dutch paksh mein 40,535, francisi paksh mein 35,334) thaa.
dweep kaa paaramparik poorv-aupaniveshik naam "oulichi" haye jiska arth haye "mahilaaon kaa dweep".
saamoohik roop seey, donon kshetron koo "sent-martin/sint marten", yaa kabhi-kabhi "sxm", rajkumari juliana antarrashtriya havaai adde key liye aaee. aeye. tii. aeye. pahchankarta, dweep kaa mukhya havaai adda key roop mein jaanaa jaataa haye. sent. martin (francisi bhaag) koo octuber 2007 mein iso 3166-1 code mf praapt huaa. 2010 mein, dutch bhaag kii sthiti neetherland key raajya key bheetar ack desh kii hoe gaee thee aur usey sx code diyaa gayaa thaa.
bhugol.
sent martin key paas ack bhoomi kshetra haye, jiska francisi ganarajya kii samprabhuta key tahat aur neetherland key raajya kii samprabhuta key tahat haye. yeh francisi ganarajya aur neetherland raajya dwara saajha kii gaee ekmatra bhoomi seema haye.
mukhya shahar dutch kii or phillipsburg aur francisi kii or marigot hain. dutch paksh adhik aabaadi vaalaa haye. poore dweep parr sabse badee basti nichale rajkumar kaa quarter haye, joe dutch kii or haye.
sabse oonchi pahaadi french kii or ack pahaadi shrinkhala key kendra mein haye. donon taraf badee parvat chotiyon key saath pahaadi hain. yeh ack ghaati haye jahan kaee ghar sthit hain. dweep parr koee nadee naheen haye, lekin kaee sookhi galiyaan hain. lambi paidal yatra key raaste sookhe jangal taka pahunch pradaan karate hain joe sheersh aur dhalanon koo cover karate hain.
yeh dweep angilla key dakshin mein sthit haye aur angilla channel dwara usa british videshi kshetra seey alag haye. sent martin sent barthlemy key uttar-paschim mein haye aur sent-barthlemy channel dwara usa francisi videshi saamoohikta seey alag haye.
padosi dweepon mein sant barthlemy (french), angilla (british), saaba (dutch), sint eustasius "statia" (dutch), sant kitts aur navis (swatantra, poorv mein british) shamil hain. navis key apavaad key saath, yeye sabhi dweep sent seey ack spasht dinn parr aasaani seey dikhaai dete hain. martin.
itihas.
yeh aam taur parr maanaa jaataa haye kii christopher columbus ney apani doosari khoj yatra mein jaba iss dweep kaa saamana kiya tou iss dweep kaa naam sent martin key sammaan mein rakhaa gayaa thaa. haalaanki, unhone vaastav mein usa dweep kaa naam lagu kiya jise abb navis kahaa jaataa haye jaba unhone 11 navambar, 1493 koo sent martin key dawat key dinn samudra key kinare lunger daala. leeward dweepon mein kaee kharaab chart vaale chhote dweepon key bhram kaa matlab thaa kii iss naam koo galati seey dweep mein sthanantarit curr diyaa gayaa thaa jise abb sent-martin/sint marten key roop mein jaanaa jaataa haye.
columbus key samay, sent. martin mein, yadi bilkul bhee, carib amerindian loga rahate they. poorv araavakon kaa peechha dakshin america key uttari tata seey aaney vaale carib dwara kiya gayaa thaa, joe columbus key baad aaney vaale spaniards key aagaman seey kuchh samay pahale they. araavakon mein krishi loga they joe mitty key bartan banaate they aur jinake samajik sangathan kaa netritva vanshaanugat sardaaron dwara kiya jaataa thaa, jinhone "zemis" naamak vyaktigat devtaon seey apani shakti praapt kii thee. carib key kshetra parr 17veen shatabdi key madhya taka poori tarah seey vijay praapt naheen hui thee, jaba unamen seey adhikansh carribean samudra key aspas paschimi indies dweepon key niyantran key liye francisi, angreji (baad mein british), dutch, daine aur spanish key beach sangharsh mein maare gaye they. 
dutch ney pahali baar 1620 key dashak mein namak key liye dweep key talabon kaa upayog karna shuru kiya. taba bhee dutch key saath yuddh mein, spanishon ney sent parr kabja curr liya. 1633 mein martin. ack saal baad, unhone ack kilaa (abb fort amsterdam, phillipsburg key paas) aur ack aur topkhaane kii battery kaa nirmaan kiya taaki way apane daave kaa daavaa curr sakein aur mahaan bey namak talab taka pahunch koo niyantrit curr sakein. 18veen shatabdi mein francisi aur dutch dwara ganna baganon key vikas key saath african daason kaa ack badaa pravaah huaa. 19veen shatabdi key poorvaardh mein gulami koo samaapt curr diyaa gayaa thaa. apane kuchh kshetron mein britishon ney daason kii jagah lene key liye cheeni aur dakshin asiai logon koo ayaat kiya. iss prakaar, sent. martin aur anya dweepon mein amerindian, europeeya, african, bhaaratiya aur asiai logon kaa mishran haye.
23 march 1648 koo, france kaa raajya aur dutch ganarajya samjhaute kii sandhi parr hastakshar key saath dweep koo apane dou kshetron key beach vibhajit karane key liye sahmat hue. lock kathaaen sent key beach ack baar badalate seema vibhajan key itihas koo gherati hain. martin aur sint marten, aur sthaaniya logon key beach ack lokpriya kahani bataati haye kii "dweep koo dou vargon mein vibhajit karane key liye, [1648 mein] nivaasiyon koo dou paidal chalane vaalon koo chunane key liye kahaa gayaa thaa, ack francisi-pradhaan samudaay dwara chunaa gayaa thaa aur doosara dutch-pradhaan samudaay dwara, jinhen dweep key ack charam parr vaapas rakhaa gayaa thaa, jisase way tateey rekha mein fansate hue vipareet dishaaon mein chalate they, aur unhein bhaagne naheen dete they. jiss bindu parr way antatah mille, vaha dweep key dusare charam key roop mein nirdhaarit kiya gayaa thaa, aur baad mein banaai gaee rekha koo seema key roop mein chunaa gayaa thaa, joe sent-martin koo sint marten seey vibhajit karati thee. aisaa prateet hotaa haye kii francisi paidal chalane vaalaa apane dutch samkaksh seey adhik chalaa thaa (unhone apani-apani bhoomi 54 varg kii. mee. aur 32 varg kii. mee. arjit kii). iss visangati key liye francisi sthaaniya logon kaa spashteekaran yeh haye kii, kyonki pahale vyakti ney daud seey pahale sharaab koo apane uttejak key roop mein chunaa thaa, jabaki baad vaale ney jenevar (dutch jinn) koo chunaa thaa, aise peya padarthon key halkepan key beach key antar koo kshetriya antar kaa kaaran kahaa gayaa thaa. dutch sthaaniya loga isake bajaay french walker parr daudane kaa aarop lagaate hain."
rajneeti.
vartamaan mein sent martin dweep key dutch aur francisi hisson koo ekjut karane key uddeshya seey ack andolan chala rhaa haye. iss ekikaran kaa pratinidhitva karane key liye 1990 mein ack "ekataa dhwaj" banaaya gayaa thaa.
vartamaan mein, dweep koo sint marten (dweep kaa dakshini aadhaa, neetherland kaa hissa) aur sent martin (dweep kaa uttari aadhaa, france kaa hissa) kii saamoohikta mein vibhajit kiya gayaa haye. 1648 mein samjhaute kii sandhi parr hastakshar karane key baad seey dweep vibhajit hoe gayaa haye, joe aaj bhee sabse purani sandhiyon mein seey ack haye. dweep key ekikaran koo donon hisson kii aabaadi kaa samarthan praapt haye.
concardia kii sandhi dweep key donon hisson key beach aavaajaahi kii swatantrata kii anumati detee haye, jisane dweep key nivaasiyon key beach ack aam bhavna koo badhaava diyaa haye, halanki yeh bhee kaaran haye kii kuchh loga aupchaarik ekikaran koo anaavashyak maanate hain. dweep key ekikaran key khilaf anya tark yeh hain kii naa tou france aur naa hii neetherland ise anumati denge aur ise praapt karane key liye donon pakshon koo poorna swatantrata kii aavashyakta hogi.
31 agast 1990 koo, sent martin key "ekataa dhwaj" koo sint marten mein phillipsburg jubli pustakalaya mein rashtriya prateekon parr praarambhik sammelan mein apanaaya gayaa thaa. yeh jhanda dweep key donon hisson key logon kaa pratinidhitva karane aur baad vaale key ekikaran key liye banaaya gayaa thaa, aur aaj kuchh gharon parr aur kabhi-kabhi sent martin mein churchon aur dhaarmik samoohon dwara faharaaya jaataa haye. agast 2020 mein, jaba covid-19 mahamari koo rokane key liye sent martin-sint marten seema parr pratibandh aur niyantran jode gaye they, tou inn upaayon key khilaf kuchh pradarshankariyon ney apane saath iss jhande koo faharaaya. sitambar 2020 mein, inn pratibandhon koo hataa diyaa gayaa, aur dweep key donon or key logon ney "ack dweep, ack loga, ack niyati" kaa jaap karna shuru curr diyaa.
iss andolan key kuchh ullekhaniya samarthakon mein sent martin kii saamoohikta key poorv netaa albert fleaming shamil hain, jinhone 2014 mein dweep key ekikaran key liye apana samarthan diyaa thaa.
jalavaayu.
copen jalavaayu vargeekaran key tahat, dweep mein ack ushnakatibandhiya sawana jalavaayu (aeye. doubleu.) haye jisamen janwari seey aprail taka shushk mausam aur agast seey disambar taka varsha kaa mausam hotaa haye. varsh key dauran azores kii uchch gati key kaaran varsha kaa swaroop hotaa haye. mukhya roop seey poorv yaa poorvottar seey havaa kii disha key saath, uttar-purvi vyaapaar, tapman poore varsh sthir rahata haye aur tapman shayed hii kabhi adhik yaa neeche girata haye. ausat ausat tapman key saath poore varsh tapman sthir rahata haye. ausat samudra kaa tapman farwari mein cumm seey laker octuber mein uchch taka hotaa haye. kull ausat vaarshik varsha, maapa jaa sakane vaali varsha key saath, haye. prati varsh 18 dinon key saath garaj key saath kabhi-kabhi garaj key saath barish hoe sakati haye. gujarate ushnakatibandhiya chakravaaton kii sankhya key aadhar parr varsh darr varsh varsha kaafee parivartansheel hoti haye.
kyonki dweep antar-ushnakatibandhiya abhisaran kshetra key saath sthit haye, yeh kabhi-kabhi garmiyon key anta aur sharad ritu kii shuruat mein atlantic toofaan gatividhi seey khatare mein padata haye.
toofaan irma (2017).
6 sitambar 2017 koo dweep toofaan irma (landfall parr shreni 5) seey prabhaavit huaa thaa, jisane imaraton aur buniyaadi dhaanche koo vyaapak aur mahatvapurna nuksan pahunchaaya, jiska anuman $3 billion thaa. 9 julaai 2018 taka kull 11 mauton kii soochana millie thee. france key aantarik mantri, gerard columb ney 8 sitambar 2017 koo kahaa kii dweep key francisi aadhe hisse mein adhikansh school nasht hoe gaye they. tej havaaon seey hue nuksan key alawa, marigot gaanv mein vyavsaayon koo gambhir baadh seey nuksan kii soochana millie. lootpaat bhee ack gambhir samasya thee. france aur neetherland donon ney dweep parr sahaayata key saath-saath atirikt pulis aur aapaatkaaleen karmiyon koo bheja. "dha washington post" ney bataaya kii francisi paksh kii 95 pratishat sanrachanaaen aur dutch paksh kii 75 pratishat sanrachanaaen kshatigrast yaa nasht hoe gaee theen.
toofaan key cumm honey key kuchh dinon baad, dutch redd cross dwara kiye gaye ack sarvekshan mein anuman lagaaya gayaa thaa kii sint marten mein lagbhag ack tihai imaaraten nasht hoe gaee theen aur dweep parr 90 pratishat seey adhik sanrachanaaen kshatigrast hoe gaee theen. rajkumari juliana havaai adda badey paimaane parr kshatigrast hoe gayaa thaa, lekin aaney vaali raahat udaanon aur anya dweepon parr nikasi karane vaali udaanon kii anumati dene key liye dou dinon mein aanshik aadhar parr phir seey khol diyaa gayaa thaa.
arthavyavastha.
inse ney anuman lagaaya kii sent martin key francisi paksh kaa nammatra gdp 2014 mein 582 million euro (2014 vinimay daron parr 772 million americi dollar; farwari mein 660 million americi dollar) thaa. 2022 vinimay darein) dweep key dutch paksh kaa nammatra jee. dee. pee., sint marten, 2014 mein 2,229 million antillion gilder (aadhikarik pegg parr yuu. aiss. $1,245 million) anumaanit thaa. iss prakaar poore dweep kaa nammatra jee. dee. pee. 2014 mein yuu. aiss. $2.1 billion thaa.
2014 mein poore dweep kaa prati vyakti nammatra jee. dee. pee. 27,923 dollar thaa.
dweep key dutch paksh ney 2017 aur 2018 mein toofaan irma kii tabahi key kaaran ack badee mandee kaa anubhav kiya, joe sitambar 2017 mein dweep parr aaya thaa. vaastavik jee. dee. pee. ney 2017 mein-5.8% aur 2018 mein-6.6% kii nakaratmak vriddhi kaa anubhav kiya (2018 key baad jee. dee. pee. key aankade abhee taka prakaashit naheen kiye gaye hain). dweep key francisi hisse key jee. dee. pee. kaa anuman 2014 seey naheen lagaaya gayaa haye.
dweep kaa mukhya udyog paryatan haye. 2000 mein, dweep parr salana lagbhag duss laakh agantuk aatey they. lagbhag 85 pratishat karyabal paryatan udyog mein lagaa huaa thaa.
jansankhyiki.
1 janwari, 2019 koo poore dweep kii aabaadi 73,777 thee, jisamen 41,177 dutch paksh mein aur 32,489 francisi paksh mein rahate they. dhyaan dein kii francisi paksh key liye aankada sitambar 2017 mein toofaan irma kii tabahi key baad hui janganana parr adharit haye, jabaki dutch paksh key liye aankada abhee bhee 2011 kii janganana key aadhar parr kewal ack post-sensor anuman haye. dweep key dutch paksh mein toofaan irma key baad pahali janganana octuber 2022 mein honey vaali haye. 1, 2017, toofaan irma seey pahale, 75,869 (dutch paksh mein 40,535, francisi paksh mein 35,334) thaa.
pichhale tees varshon mein behtar rojgar aur rahane kii sthitiyon kii talash mein pravasiyon kii ack badee aamad key kaaran, croll kii sankhya pravasiyon kii sankhya seey adhik hoe gaee haye. dweep kii aabaadi atyadhik vividh haye, jisamen 70 seey adhik deshon key loga shamil hain.
kaee rashtriyataon key saath, kaafee kuchh bhaashaaen bolly jaati hain. angreji adharit creol mukhya sthaaniya bhasha haye. haalaanki, aadhikarik bhaashaaen sent-martin key liye french hain, jisamen dutch aur angreji sint marten key liye aadhikarik hain. anya aam bhaashaon mein vibhinn french creol (french carabian apravasiyon dwara bolly jaane vaali), spanish (dominican ganarajya, puerto rico aur vibhinn dakshin americi deshon key apravasiyon dwara bolly jaane vaali), aur papiamento (aruba, bonnair aur kurakao key apravasiyon dwara bolly jaane vaali) shamil hain.
sanskriti.
dweep kii sanskriti isaki african, francisi, british, dutch, amerindian aur asiai viraasat kaa mishran haye. haalaanki pratyek paksh kii sanskriti unake sambandhit prashaasit deshon seey prabhaavit haye, way paryaapt samaan viraasat aur paramparaon koo saajha karate hain kii yeh bataana mushkil hoe sakata haye kii sant-martin kahaan samaapt hotaa haye aur sint marten kahaan seey shuru hotaa haye.
creol aabaadi apani adhikansh jadon kaa pataa africa, france, neetherland aur british dweepon mein lagaa sakati haye. spanish kabje dwara apane shuruati adhigrahan mein banaae gaye dou kilon key khandharon seey kewal kuchh patthar bache hain. lekin aupaniveshik kaal key dauran, british basane vaalon aur kaee sainya prabhutvon ney dweep parr bolly jaane vaali mukhya bhasha key roop mein apani muhawara chhod diyaa, aur sent parr ack badaa prabhaav daala.  martin kii sanskriti.
francisi sant-martin mein, sabse adhik prachalit dharm roman catholic dharm haye. dutch sint marten protestant sampradayon, vishesh roop seey paddhativaad kaa samarthan kartaa haye. dweep mein chhote yahudi, saatven dinn key sahsi, hindu, musalman, sikh, bauddh aur rastafari samudaay bhee hain.
puuraa dweep apane utkrisht vyanjanon key liye jaanaa jaataa haye. creol, french aur paschimi bhaaratiya khaana banaana vishesh roop seey prasiddh hain.
sent parr lokpriya sangeet. martin mein poore carribean mein paaee jaane vaali vibhinn shailiyaan shamil hain. calypso, merengue, soka, zauk, rege aur chutney sabhi utsav sanskriti mein yogdan karate hain.
sent. martin kaa dutch paksh apane utsav raatri jeevan, samudra taton, aabhushanon, deshi rumm-adharit gwaberry sharaab seey baney peya aur casino key liye jaanaa jaataa haye. dweep kaa francisi paksh apane nagna samudra taton, kapadon, kharidari (baahari baajaron sahit) aur francisi aur bhaaratiya carabian vyanjanon key liye jaanaa jaataa haye. sthaaniya bolly key saath angreji sabse adhik bolly jaane vaali bhasha haye. aadhikarik bhaashaaen sent-martin key liye french hain, aur sint marten key liye dutch aur angreji donon hain. anya aam bhaashaon mein vibhinn french-adharit creol (anya french carabian dweepon key apravasiyon dwara bolly jaane vaali), spanish (dominican ganarajya aur vibhinn dakshin americi deshon key apravasiyon dwara bolly jaane vaali), aur papiamento (aruba, bonnair aur kurakao key apravasiyon dwara bolly jaane vaali) shamil hain.
dweep key pramukh saanskritik kalakaron mein yuva laharen, sangeet baind; isidor "shaktishali daau" york, casanian, penman; roland richardson, prabhaavvaadi chitrakaar; rubi beaute, chitrakaar; nikol dee weaver, nartak aur broadway starr; lassana aim. seko, kavi, lekhak, swatantrata adhivakta; clara reyes, choreographer; aur tanny aur ladke, string baind sangeet samooh.
sent parr samachar prakaashan. martin mein "dainik herauld", "sauliga samachar divas", "sauliga samachar", sent shamil hain. marten samachar, "aiss. aim. aine. samachar", "aiss. aiks. aim. dweep samay", aur "aiss. aiks. aim. vaartaaen".
mudra.
sent martin kii aadhikarik mudra euro haye, jabaki sint marten neatherlands antillion gilder kaa upayog kartaa haye, joe prati americi dollar 1.79 parr haye. neatherlands antiles key vighatan key parinamswarup, neatherlands antillion gilder kanuni nivida naheen rahega aur carribean gilder dwara pratisthaapit kiya jaayega, joe 2021 kii pahali chhamaahi mein parisancharan key liye nirdhaarit thaa, lekin abb 2024 key liye nirdhaarit haye. dweep parr lagbhag harr store sanyukt raajya dollar koo bhee sweekaar kartaa haye, halanki kabhi-kabhi adhik mahangi vinimay darr kaa upayog kiya jaataa haye.
parivahan.
dweep parr rahane vaale agantukon key liye saarvajanik basein parivahan kaa praathamik saadhan hain.
seema jaanch.
dweep kaa koee bhee paksh shengen kshetra kaa hissa naheen haye; dweep key ander aur baahar yatra karate samay poori seema jaanch kii jaati haye. marigot yaa rajkumari juliana antarrashtriya havaai adde seey angilla taka nauka leey jaate samay bhee passport niyantran kaa prayog kiya jaataa haye. dweep key donon taraf kii seema parr shayed hii kabhi jaanch hoti haye.
1994 mein, neetherland aur france key samrajya ney sent martin seema niyantran parr franco-dutch sandhi parr hastakshar kiye, joe dweep seey baahar aaney vaali tathaakathit "jokhim udaanon" parr sanyukt franco-dutch seema niyantran kii anumati detaa haye aur kewal dweep key donon or yatra karane kii anumati rakhane vaale videshiyon koo sweekaar kartaa haye. kuchh deree key baad, sandhi koo navambar 2006 mein neetherland mein anumodit kiya gayaa thaa aur baad mein 1 agast 2007 koo lagu kiya gayaa thaa. isake praavdhaan abhee taka lagu naheen kiye gaye hain kyonki sandhi mein nirdisht kaary samooh abhee taka sthaapit naheen huaa haye. sandhi key liye ack kaary samooh kii aavashyakta hoti haye joe kabhi sthaapit naheen kiya gayaa haye, taaki dou mukhya havaai addon parr baahari jaanchon kaa samanjasya sthaapit kiya jaa sakey. dutch paksh ney chinta vyakt kii haye kii naee aur sakht francisi veeja aavashyaktaaen unaki paryatan aaya koo nuksan pahunchaayengi.
havaai adde.
dweep koo kaee pramukh airlines dwara seva pradaan kii jaati haye joe pratidin badey jett vimaan laati hain, jinamen boing 747 aur airbus aeye340 shamil hain joe duniya bhar seey paryatakon koo leey jaate hain. rajkumari juliana antarrashtriya havaai adde parr chhota mukhya runway aur ack badee pahaadi aur ack samudra tata key beach isaki sthiti kuchh shandar drishtikon kaa kaaran banati haye. vimanan photographer havaai adde parr dhoop mein snan karane vaalon seey kuchh meater oopar badey vimaanon kii tasveeren lene key liye aatey hain.
dweep key francisi paksh mein ack chhota havaai adda haye, joe padosi carribean dweepon kii seva karane vaale chhote vimaanon key liye bhavya haye. apane sthaan key kaaran toofaan key mausam key dauran yeh aksar ghanaa kohra jhelata haye.

