
dashell hammett

saimuel dashell hammett (27 maee, 1894-10 janwari, 1961) ack americi lekhak they joe kathor-ubla huaa jasusi upanyaas aur laghu kathaaen likhate they. way ack patkatha lekhak aur raajneetik karyakarta bhee they. unake dwara banaae gaye paatron mein saim sped (malties baaz), nick aur nora charles ("dha thinn maine"), mahadvipiya opp ("redd harvest" aur "dha daine curse") aur comic strip charitra gupt agent x-9 shamil hain.
hammett koo sabse achche rahasya lekhakon mein seey ack maanaa jaataa haye. dha newyork times" mein unake nidhan sandesh mein, unhein "dha newyork times key deane" key roop mein varnit kiya gayaa thaa... 'jasusi kathaa kaa 'kathor-ubla huaa' school."" "time" "mein 1923 aur 2005 key beach prakaashit 100 sarvshreshth angreji bhasha key upanyason kii soochi mein hammett key 1929 key upanyaas" "redd harvest" "koo shamil kiya gayaa thaa. 1990 mein, aparaadh lekhak sangh ney unake paanch upanyason mein seey teen koo" "sabhi samay key sheersh 100 aparaadh upanyason" "kii soochi key liye chunaa. paanch saal baad, unake paanch upanyason mein seey chaar ney america key rahasya lekhakon dwara chune gaye "sabhi samay key sheersh 100 rahasya upanyaas" banaae. unake upanyason aur kahaaniyon kaa filmon parr bhee mahatvapurna prabhaav padaa, jisamen niji netra/jasusi kathaa, rahasya thriller aur film noyer kii shailiyaan shamil hain.
praarambhik jeevan.
hammett kaa janm grate mills key paas sent mairi county, maryland mein "hopewell aind target" farm parr, richard thomas hammett aur unaki patni annie bonned dashell key ghar huaa thaa. unaki maan ack puraane maryland parivaar seey theen, jinka naam francisi mein dee cheel thaa. unaki ack badee bahan, aronia aur ack chhota bhaai, richard junier thaa. saim key roop mein jaane jaane vaale hammett koo catholic dharm mein bapatisma diyaa gayaa thaa aur vaha philadelphia aur baltimore mein paley-badhe they. hammett kaa parivaar 1898 mein baltimore chalaa gayaa jaba vaha chaar saal kaa thaa, aur adhikansh bhaag key liye, yeh vaha shahar thaa jahan vaha 1920 mein sthaayi roop seey rahane taka rahata thaa jaba vaha 26 saal kaa thaa. kishoravastha mein, hammett ney baltimore polytechnic sansthaan mein padhaai kii, lekin hyee school key apane pahale varsh key dauran unaki aupchaarik shiksha samaapt hoe gaee; apane pitaa key bigadate swaasthya aur parivaar kaa samarthan karane key liye unhein paisa kamaane kii aavashyakta key kaaran unhone 1908 mein padhaai chhod dee.
unhone 13 saal kii umr mein school chhod diyaa aur pinkerton rashtriya jasusi agency key liye kaam karane seey pahale kaee naukariyan keen. unhone 1915 seey farwari 1922 taka pinkerton key liye ack operative key roop mein kaary kiya, jisamen unhone pratham vishva yuddh mein seva karane key liye samay nikala. baltimore mein pinkerton jasusi agency key liye kaam karate hue, unhone vyaapaar seekha aur mahadvipiya trust bhawan (abb ack culvert plaza key roop mein jaanaa jaataa haye) mein kaam kiya. unhone kahaa kii gulabi rung key saath unhein sangh hadtaalon key dauran butate, montana bheja gayaa thaa, halanki kuchh shodhkartaon koo sandeh haye kii yeh vaastav mein huaa thaa. hadtaal todane mein agency kii bhoomika ney antatah unakaa bhrambhang curr diyaa.
hammett 1918 mein sanyukt raajya kii senaa mein bharti hue aur motor ambulance core mein seva kii. usa dauran vaha spanish flue seey peedit they aur baad mein unhein tapedik hoe gayaa. unhone apana adhikansh samay senaa mein tacoma, washington mein ack rogi key roop mein bitaaya, jahan way ack nurse, josephine dolan seey mille, jinase unhone 7 julaai, 1921 koo saine francisco mein shaadi kii.
shaadi aur parivaar.
hammett aur dolan kii dou betiyaan theen, mairi jaine (janm 1921) aur josephine (janm 1926). apane dusare bachche key janm key turant baad, swaasthya seva nurses ney dolan koo soochit kiya kii hammett key tapedik key kaaran, unhein aur bachchon koo unake saath puuraa samay naheen rehna chaahiye. dolan ney saine francisco mein ack ghar kiraaye parr liya, jahan hammett saptahant parr jaataa thaa. shaadi jald hii toot gaee; haalaanki, unhone apane lekhan seey arjit aaya seey apani patni aur betiyon kaa aarthik samarthan karna jaari rakhaa.
currier aur vyaktigat jeevan.
hammett pahali baar 1922 mein patrika "dha smart sett" mein prakaashit huaa thaa. apane lekhan kii pramanikta aur yathaarthvaad key liye jaane jaane vaale, unhone ack pinkerton operative key roop mein apane anubhavon koo aakarshit kiya. hammett ney apani adhikansh jasusi kathaaen taba likhi jaba way 1920 key dashak mein saine francisco mein reh rahey they; unaki kahaaniyon mein sadakon aur saine francisco key anya sthaanon kaa aksar ullekh kiya jaataa haye. unhone kahaa, "main apane adhikansh paatron koo vaastavik jeevan seey letaa huun."unake upanyaas una samvaadon mein seey kuchh they joe usa yug key liye pramanik lagey. "mujhe ack aadami parr avishvaas haye joe kahata haye kii kaba. aggar usey bahut jyada naa peene key liye savdhan rehna haye, tou aisaa isaliye haye kyonki jaba vaha aisaa kartaa haye tou usa parr bharosa naheen kiya jaanaa chaahiye."
unake shuruati kaam kaa badaa hissa, jisamen ack anaam niji anveshak, mahadvipiya opp, pramukh aparaadh-kathaa palp patrika "black mask" mein dikhaai diyaa. hammett aur patrika donon ney usa avadhi mein sangharsh kiya jaba hammett sthaapit huaa.
sampaadak phillip see key saath asahamati key kaaran. pichhali kahaaniyon seey bakaaya dhana key baare mein, hammett ney 1926 mein "black mask" key liye likhana bund curr diyaa. phir unhone albert aiss key liye ack vigyaapan copyriter key roop mein purnakaalik naukari leey lii. samuels koo., ack saine francisco jauhari. 1926 kii garmiyon mein nae sampaadak baney joseph thompson shau ney unhein "black mask" key liye likhane key liye vaapas aakarshit kiya. hammett ney apana pahala upanyaas "redd harvest" shau koo aur apana doosara upanyaas "dha daine curse" samuels koo samarpit kiya. yeye donon upanyaas aur unake teesare, "dha malties falcon", aur chauthe, "dha glass kii", koo pahale "black mask" mein kramik roop seey prakaashit kiya gayaa thaa, isase pahale kii alfred aeye dwara prakaashan key liye sanshodhit aur sampaadit kiya gayaa thaa. noff. "malties baaz", jise unakaa sabse achchha kaam maanaa jaataa haye, unaki patni josephine koo samarpit haye.
1929 aur 1930 key adhikansh samay taka, way laghu kathaaon aur kaee upanyason key lekhak nell martin key saath prem mein they. unhone "kaanch kii chaabi" usey samarpit kii, aur badale mein unhone apane upanyaas "premiyon koo usase shaadi karni chaahiye" koo samarpit kiya. 1931 mein, hammett ney natakkar lillion hellman key saath 30 saal key romantic sambandh kii shuruat kii. halanki unhone chhitput roop seey samagri parr kaam karna jaari rakhaa, unhone apani mrityu seey 25 saal seey adhik samay pahale 1934 mein apana antim upanyaas likhaa. "dha thinn maine" narak koo samarpit haye. vaha kalpana seey door kyon chaley gaye, yeh nishchit naheen haye; hammett key upanyason key ack maranoparant sangrah mein narakwasi ney anuman lagaaya, "mujhe lagata haye, lekin mujhe lagata haye kii mujhe kewal kuchh kaaran pataa hainh vaha naee tarah kaa kaam karna chaahte they; way una varshon mein seey kaee varshon seey beemar they aur beemar hoe rahey they."1940 key dashak mein, narakwasi aur vaha usake ghar, hardcrable farm, sukhadavile, newyork mein rahate they.
raymond chandler, jinhen aksar hammett kaa uttaradhikari maanaa jaataa haye, ney "hatyaa kii saral kalaa" mein apani uplabdhiyon koo sankshep mein prastut kiyaah
hammett ack utkrisht kalakar they, lekin unake kaam mein aisaa kuchh bhee naheen haye joe hemingway key shuruati upanyason aur laghu kathaaon mein nihit naa hoe. lekin mujhe pataa haye kii hemingway ney hammett key saath-saath dresser, ring lardner, carle sandberg, sherwood anderson aur khud jaise lekhakon seey kuchh seekha hoga...
hammett ney una logon koo hatyaa vaapas curr dee joe ise kewal ack shav pradaan karane key liye naheen balki haathon seey kiye gaye dwandwaatmak pistaul, curey aur ushnakatibandhiya machhali key madhyam seey karate hain... kahaa jaataa haye kii unake dill mein kamee thee, phir bhee unhone joe kahani khud key baare mein ["kaanch kii chaabi"] key baare mein socha vaha ack dost key prati ack aadami kii bhakti kaa record haye. vaha khaali, mitavyayi, kathor-ubale hue they, lekin unhone baar-baar vahee kiya joe kewal sarvshreshth lekhak hii curr sakate hain. unhone aise drishya likhe joe pahale kabhi naheen likhe gaye they.
francisi upanyaskar andrey gid ney hammett key baare mein atyadhik socha, yeh kahate hue kii "main unaki" laal fasal "koo ack ullekhaniya upalabdhi maanata huun, joe atyachar, bhavnahinta aur bhaya mein antim shabd haye. dashell hammett key samvaad, jisamen harr charitra dusaron koo dhokha dene kii koshish curr rhaa haye aur jisamen sachchai dheere-dheere dhokhe key kohre key madhyam seey dikhaai detee haye, kii tulanaa kewal hemingway mein sarvshreshth key saath kii jaa sakati haye."
dwiteeya vishva yuddh mein rajneeti aur seva.
hammett ney apane jeevan kaa adhikansh hissa vampanthi sakriyata key liye samarpit curr diyaa. way 1930 key dashak mein ack majboot fasiwadi virodhi they aur 1937 mein communist party mein shamil hoe gaye. 1 maee, 1935 koo, hammett americi lekhakon kii leag (1935-1943) mein shamil hoe gaye, jinake sadasyon mein lillion hellman, antarrashtriya prakashakon key alekjendar tratchtenberg, frank faulsom, luis untermear, i shamil they. aff. stone, myra pays, millen brand, clifford odets aur arther miller. (sadasya kaafee hudd taka yaa tou communist party key sadasya they yaa saathi yatri they.) unhone apani faasivaad virodhi gatividhiyon koo nilambit curr diyaa, jaba unhone leag off american raitars key sadasya (aur 1941 mein adhyaksh) key roop mein, molotov-rebentrop samjhaute kii avadhi key dauran janwari 1940 mein america koo yuddh samiti seey baahar rakhane key liye seva kii.
vishesh roop seey "laal fasal" mein, saahityik vidvaanon ney samajik pranali kii markswadi aalochana dekhi haye. ack hammett jeevanikaar, richard aam aadami, iss tarah kii vyakhyaon koo "kalpanashil" kahate hain, lekin phir bhee vaha una parr apatti jataate hain, kyonki anya karanon key alawa, iss upanyaas mein "raajneetik roop seey bedkhal logon kii koee bheed" naheen haye. herbert rooham ney paaya kii samkaaleen vampanthi media ney pahale seey hii hammett key lekhan koo sandeh key saath dekhaa haye, "shayed isaliye kii unakaa kaam koee samadhan naheen bataata haih koee saamoohik kaarravaai naheen... koee vyaktigat moksh naheen... koee immersonian sulah aur pargaman naheen. 25 navambar, 1937 key ack patra mein, apani betty mairi koo, hammett ney khud koo aur dusaron koo "humm laal" key roop mein sandarbhit kiya. unhone pushti kii, "loktantra mein sabhi purushon koo apani sarkaar mein samaan roop seey kahana chaahiye", lekin unhone kahaa kii "unaki samaantaa koo isase aage jaane kii aavashyakta naheen haye."unhone yeh bhee paaya," samaajvaad key tahat jaruri naheen haye... aaya kaa koee bhee star."
hellman ney likhaa kii hammett "nishchit roop seey" ack markswadi they, halanki ack "bahut hii aalochanatmak markswadi" they joe "aksar soviyat sangh kii avamaanana karate they" aur "americi communist party key baare mein teekhe they", jisake prati way phir bhee wafadar they.
1942 kii shuruat mein, unhone narak key safal naatak parr adharit "watch onn dha raain" kii patkatha likhi, jise sarvshreshth lekhan (anukoolit patkatha) key liye akadami puraskar key liye namankan milaa. lekin usa varsh auskar "casablanca" mein chalaa gayaa. 1942 kii shuruat mein, motee bandargah parr hamale key baad, hammett phir seey sanyukt raajya kii senaa mein bharti hoe gayaa. kyonki vaha 48 varsh kaa thaa, usey tapedik thaa, aur vaha ack saamyavaadi thaa, hammett ney baad mein kahaa kii usey senaa mein shamil kiya jaa rhaa thaa. haalaanki, jeevanikaar dyne johnson kaa sujhaav haye kii hammett key agranamon parr bhram hii kaaran thaa kii vaha phir seey soochibaddh karane mein saksham they. unhone alutian dweepon mein ack soochibaddh vyakti key roop mein kaary kiya aur shuru mein umak dweep parr gupt vishleshan parr kaam kiya. apani kattarpanthi pravrittiyon key darr seey, unhein mukhyalaya company mein sthanantarit curr diyaa gayaa, jahan unhone "dha adakian" naamak ack senaa samachar patra kaa sampadan kiya. 1943 mein, jaba way abhee bhee senaa key sadasya they, unhone see. pee. ell. key saath "dha battle off dha aleutian" kaa saha-lekhan kiya. ack paidal senaa khufiya adhikaari, mejar heinry doubleu key nirdeshan mein robbert kolodni. holl. alutian mein rahate hue, unhein vaatasfeeti hoe gaee.
yuddh key baad, hammett raajneetik sakriyata mein laut aae, "lekin unhone pahale kii tulanaa mein cumm utsaah key saath usa bhoomika koo nibhaaya. way 5 juuna, 1946 koo newyork shahar mein hotal rajanyik mein aayojit ack baithak mein nagrik adhikaar congress (see. aar. see.) key adhyaksh chune gaye they, aur "apane kaam key samay kaa sabse badaa hissa see. aar. see. gatividhiyon key liye samarpit kiya.
1946 mein, raajneetik karanon seey giraftar kiye gaye prativaadiyon kii rihaai praapt karane key liye teen nyasiyon key vivek parr upayog karane key liye see. aar. see. dwara ack jamaanat kosh banaaya gayaa thaa."nyasi hammett they, joe adhyaksh they, robbert doubleu. dunn, aur fredrick vanderbilt feeled.
see. aar. see. koo americi attorney general dwara ack communist front samooh naamit kiya gayaa thaa. hammett ney heinry aeye kaa samarthan kiya. 1948 key sanyukt raajya america key rashtrapati chunaav mein deewaar.
karawas aur kaali soochi.
see. aar. see. key jamaanat kosh ney 4 navambar, 1949 koo rashtriya dhyaan aakarshit kiya, jaba "260,000 dollar key parkramya sarkari baand" kii raashi mein jamaanat koo "gyaarah logon koo mukt karane key liye" tainaat kiya gayaa thaa, joe bull aur hinsa dwara sanyukt raajya sarkaar koo ukhaad fenkane key liye sikhaane aur vakaalat karane key liye aaparaadhik sajish key liye smith adhiniyam key tahat apani doshasiddhi key khilaf appeal curr rahey they."2 julaai, 1951 koo unaki appeal samaapt hoe gaee, doshi thaharaae gaye chaar loga sanghiya agents key saamane aatmasamarpan karane key bajaay bhaag gaye aur apani sajaa kaatna shuru curr diyaa. newyork key dakshini jile key liye sanyukt raajya kii jilaa adalat ney bhagodon key thikaane koo jaanane key prayaas mein see. aar. see. jamaanat kosh key nyasiyon koo samman jaari kiya.
hammett ney 9 julaai, 1951 koo sanyukt raajya america kii jilaa adalat key nyayadhish sylvester raayan key saamane gawahi dee, newyork key dakshini jile key liye sanyukt raajya america key vakeel irving sepol dwara poochtaachh kaa saamana karate hue, jise "samay" dwara "sheersh communists key desh key number-ack kanuni shikari" key roop mein varnit kiya gayaa thaa. sunavaai key dauran, hammett ney sarkaar dwara vaanchhit jaankaari pradaan karane seey incar curr diyaa, vishesh roop seey jamaanat kosh mein yogadankartaon kii soochi, "joe loga bhagodon koo sharan dene key liye paryaapt sahaanubhooti rakhate hain."isake bajaay, see. aar. see. yaa jamaanat kosh key sambandh mein harr sawal parr, hammett ney paanchven sanshodhan kaa hawala dete hue jawab dene seey incar curr diyaa, sarkaar dwara bheje gaye see. aar. see. dastavejon parr apane hastakshar yaa praarambhik aksharon kii pehchaan karane seey bhee incar curr diyaa. jaise hii unaki gawahi samaapt hui, hammett koo adalat kii avamaanana kaa doshi paaya gayaa.
hammett ney west virginia sanghiya jail mein samay bitaaya, jahan lillion hellman key anusaar, unhein shauchalayon koo saaf karane kaa kaam saunpa gayaa thaa. hellman ney hammett kii stuti mein kahaa kii usane kosh mein yogdan karane vaalon key naamon koo prakat karane key bajaay jail mein prastut kiya kyonki "vaha iss nishkarsh parr pahuncha thaa kii ack aadami koo apana vachan rakhna chaahiye."
1952 taka, sunavaai key parinamswarup hammett kii lokpriyata mein girawat aaee thee. radio karyakramon "dha adventures off saim sped" aur "dha adventures off dha thinn maine" key radd honey aur 1943 seey bakaaya karon key liye aantarik rajaswa seva dwara apani aaya parr ack grahanadhikar key sanyojan key kaaran unhone khud koo garib paaya. isake alawa, unaki kitaaben abb mudrit naheen theen.
baad key varshon aur mrityu.
1950 key dashak key dauran hammett kii congress dwara jaanch kii gaee thee. unhone 26 march, 1953 koo house unn-american gatividhiyon kii samiti key samaksh apani gatividhiyon key baare mein gawahi dee, lekin samiti key saath sahyog karane seey incar curr diyaa. koee aadhikarik kaarravaai naheen kii gaee, lekin unake rukh key kaaran unhein kaali soochi mein daal diyaa gayaa, saath hii anya logon koo bhee joe maikarthiwad key parinamswarup kaali soochi mein daal diye gaye they.
vigyaapan mein kaam karane seey pahale hammett ack sharabi bunn gayaa, aur sharaab peene seey usey 1948 taka pareshani hoti rahee, jaba usane doctor key adesh parr naukari chhod dee. haalaanki, varshon taka atyadhik sharaab peene aur dhumrapan karane seey pratham vishva yuddh mein unakaa tapedik kaa sankraman aur badh gayaa, aur phir, narak key anusaar, "jail ney ack patale aadami koo patala, ack beemar aadami koo beemar curr diyaa thaa... mujhe pataa thaa kii vaha abb hamesha beemar rahega."
hellman ney likhaa kii 1950 key dashak key dauran, hammett "ack sannyasi" bunn gayaa, usaki girawat usake kiraaye key "badsurat chhote seey graameen kuteer" kii avyavastha mein spasht thee, jahan "bimari key sanket chaaron or theh abb phonograph unplay kiya gayaa thaa, typewriter anchhua thaa, priya moorkh gazets unake packages mein unplay kiye gaye they."hoe sakata haye kii unakaa irada upanyaas" tulip "key saath ack nayaa saahityik jeevan shuru karna hoe, lekin shayed isaliye kii way" dekhbhal karane key liye bahut beemar they, yojanaon koo sunane yaa anubandhon koo padhane key liye bahut thake hue they ", unhone ise adhura chhod diyaa. saans lene kaa tathya, buss saans lena, sabhi dinn aur raaton mein leey gayaa."hammett abb akele naheen reh sakata thaa, aur way donon ise jaanate they, isaliye unhone apane jeevan key antim chaar saal narakwasi key saath bitaaye. "vaha saaraa samay aasaan naheen thaa, aur isamen seey kuchh bahut buraa thaa", usane likhaa, lekin, "yeh anuman lagaate hue kii mrityu bahut door naheen thee, main baad mein kuchh paane kii koshish karoongi."
hammett kii 10 janwari, 1961 koo mainhattan key lenox hill aspatal mein fefadon key cancer seey mrityu hoe gaee, jiska nidan sirf dou maheene pahale kiya gayaa thaa.
donon vishva yuddhon key ack anubhavi, hammett koo arlington rashtriya kabristan mein dafnaya gayaa haye.
sangrah.
hammett key kaee pepper austin mein texas vishvavidyalaya mein hairi ransome center dwara rakhe jaate hain. iss sangrah mein paandulipiyaan aur vyaktigat patrachar key saath-saath vividh tippaniyon kaa ack chhota samooh shamil haye.
dakshin carolina vishvavidyalaya mein durlabh pustakon aur vishesh sangrhon key irvin vibhaag mein dashell hammett parivaar key kagjat hain.
viraasat.
1977 kii film "julia" mein lillion hellman key saath hammett key rishte koo chitrit kiya gayaa thaa. jayson robbards ney hammett key chitran key liye auskar jeetaa, aur jaine fonda koo lillion hellman key chitran key liye namankit kiya gayaa thaa.
hammett 1982 key prime time pee. bee. aiss. jeevani, "dha cases off dacial hammett" kaa vishay thaa, jisane peabody puraskar aur america key rahasya lekhakon seey ack vishesh edger ellen poe puraskar jeetaa.
fredrick forrest ney 1982 kii film "hammett" mein hammett koo ardh-shaabdik roop seey naayak key roop mein chitrit kiya, joe joe gorres key isi naam key upanyaas parr adharit haye.
saim shapered ney 1999 mein ammy-namankit jeevani parr adharit television film "dashes aind lilly" mein hammett kii bhoomika nibhai thee, jisamen judie davis ney hellman key roop mein abhinay kiya thaa.
lokpriya sanskriti parr hammett kaa prabhaav unaki mrityu key baad bhee jaari rhaa haye. udaaharan key liye, 1975 mein, film "dha black burd" mein george segal ney saim sped, junier kii bhoomika nibhai.yeh film "malties baaz" kii agali kadee aur parody thee. 1976 kii haasya film "murder baay death" ney kaee prasiddh saahityik jasuson koo dhokha diyaa, jisamen kaee hammett bhee shamil they. film key paatron mein saim diamond aur dick aur dora charleston shamil they, joe hammett key saim sped aur nick aur nora charles kii parody theen. 2006 mein, rechel kohan ney yaa upanyaas, "nick aind norah kii anant playlist" prakaashit kii, jisake mukhya paatron kaa naam hammett kii "thinn maine" shrinkhala mein jasuson key liye rakhaa gayaa thaa. iss pustak koo isi naam kii ack film mein banaaya gayaa thaa aur 2008 mein jaari kiya gayaa thaa. baad mein, rechel kohan aur david levithan ney kaee pustaken likhin jinake mukhya paatron kaa naam hammett aur unake saathi key naam parr rakhaa gayaa haye. 2011 mein, unhone yaa suspenseful romans, "dashes aind lilly kii book off dayers" prakaashit kii. isake baad 2016 mein "dha baarah days off dashes aind lilly" aur 2020 mein "mind dha gap, dashes aind lilly" key seekwal aae. pustak shrinkhala koo netflix television shrinkhala mein banaaya gayaa thaa.
granth soochi.
vahaan ack lagbhag poorna granth soochi haye joe richard aam aadami dwara likhi gaee haye. yeh soochi "dacial haimetah aeye discriptive bibliography" mein varnit karyon kii ack adyatan soochi haye. americi kathor aparaadh lekhakon" mein hammett kii pravishti mein ack granth soochi bhee haye.
dharavahik paatron vaali laghu kathaaen.
mahadvipiya opp
saim sped
nick aur nora charles
lekh.
vigyaapan parr.
albert aiss key liye hammett key vigyaapan prati key udaaharan. samuels company, ack saine francisco jewellers, mein dee gaee haih
disambar 1925 seey shuru hocker agast 1926 taka, vahaan dikhaai diyaa, masik roop seey paschimi vigyapanon mein "aiss dwara pustakon kii sameekshaaen. aich."hammett dee kaa upayog naheen curr rhaa haye. lekin usake anya praarambhik aiss. saimuel key liye.
aprakaashit kahaaniyan.
2011 mein, patrika key sampaadak andru gulli koo austin mein texas vishvavidyalaya mein hairi ransome center key abhilekhagar mein dashell hammett kii pandrah pahale seey agyaat laghu kathaaen mileen.
sangrah.
laghu kathaa.
unaki lokpriyata key kaaran, hammett kii laghu kathaaon koo vibhinn prakashakon dwara kaee sanklanon mein ekatra kiya gayaa thaa. palp patrikaon mein unake praarambhik prakaashan key baad, unhein pahali baar duss digest-size paperback mein paaraa prakashanon dwara ack chhaap key tahat ekatra kiya gayaa thaa, yaa tou bestseller mystery, ack jonathan press mystery yaa paaraa mystery. kahaaniyon koo ellery queen (fredrick daane) dwara sampaadit kiya gayaa thaa aur mool prakashanon key sankshipt sanskaran they. inmein seey kuchh digest koo vishva prakaashan dwara "tower books" key tahat hardcover key roop mein punarmudrit kiya gayaa thaa. sanklanon koo dell mapback key roop mein bhee punah prakaashit kiya gayaa thaa. lillion hellman dwara sampaadit ack mahatvapurna sangrah, "dha bigg nockover aind adar stories" ney 1960 key dashak mein hammett kii saahityik pratishtha koo punarjeevit karane mein madad kii aur sanklanon kii ack naee shrinkhala koo badhaava diyaa. haalaanki, inmein seey adhikansh ney kahaaniyon key dunney key sankshipt sanskaran kaa upayog kiya. steven marcus, america key pustakalaya key liye sangrah kaa sampadan karate hue, mool patrika granthon parr lautane vaale pahale vyakti they.
baad mein sangrah.
upanyason key saath, inn baad key sangrhon koo kaee chhaapon key tahat paperback sanskaranon mein punarmudrit kiya gayaa haih "wintage crime", "black lizard", "everyman library".

