
johnn alves (raajneetigya)

johnn alves [ney maggott yaa maggott] mp (7 aprail 1714-26 navambar 1789) berkshire key liye grate britten mein sansad key sadasya (mp) they aur ack sanaki dukhi they, jinhen charles decance key "aeye chrismus caroll" mein ebenezer scruze key charitra key liye ack prerana honey kaa sujhaav diyaa gayaa thaa. decance ney 18veen shatabdi key ack anya ullekhaniya dukhi, daniel nartak key saath-saath "bleak house" (1853) mein alves kaa sandarbh diyaa-aur kuchh saal baad apane antim poorna upanyaas, "hamaare aapsi dost" mein. aisaa maanaa jaataa haye kii alves ney villium harrison einsworth koo apane upanyaas "dha missers dotter" mein johnn scarf key charitra koo banaane key liye prerit kiya thaa.
parivarik prishthabhoomi aur praarambhik jeevan.
alves (janm naam "megot") kaa janm 7 aprail 1714 koo ack sammaanit angreji parivaar mein huaa thaa. unake pitaa, robbert megot, ack sammaanit southwark sharaab banaane vaale they aur unake daadaa surr george megot they, joe usee nagar key saansad they. unaki maan, ammy ("nee" alves), surr gervus alves kii poti theen, joe pahale baronet aur safolk key liye mp theen (alves baronet dekhein). unaki naani, lady isabella harve (harve parivaar kii), ack prasiddh dukhi theen.
unhone westminster school mein shaastriya mein achchi shiksha praapt kii. jaane key baad, unhone geneva kii yatra kii jahan unhone ghudsavaar banane key apane kaushal aur shikaar key prati prem koo apanaaya. unhein europe key sarvshreshth savaaron mein seey ack key roop mein jaanaa jaataa thaa. isi samay unakaa parichay waltair seey huaa thaa, jinake saath unaki ullekhaniya samaantaa bataai gaee thee. haalaanki, alves francisi daarshanik kii pratibha kii tulanaa mein apane sawari school mein ghodon kii gunavatta seey kaheen adhik prabhaavit they. 
pahali viraasat.
alves koo apana pahala bhaagya apane pitaa seey viraasat mein milaa, jinaki mrityu 1718 mein hui thee, jaba alves sirf chaar saal key they. haalaanki unaki maan koo vaseeyat mein 100,000 pound (lagbhag. 2010 taka), vaha khud koo bhookh seey marr gaee kyonki vaha ise kharch karane key liye bahut sastee thee. unaki mrityu key saath, unhein berkshire (abb oxfordshire) mein marcham park sahit parivarik sampatti viraasat mein millie, jise unake pitaa ney 1717 mein kharida thaa.
doosari viraasat.
alves key jeevan parr sabse badaa prabhaav unake dukhi chaacha, surr harve alves, dusare baronet, stoke college key they aur sadbari key liye saansad they, jinka anukaran alves ney anugrah praapt karane key liye kiya. surr harve koo garv thaa kii unhone prati varsh kewal 110 pound seey thodaa adhik kharch kiya. way donon shaam koo dusaron key kharchon key khilaf chillaate hue bitaate they jabaki way ack gillas sharaab saajha karate they. 1751 mein, apane chaacha kii sampatti key uttaradhikari key roop mein, unhone apana naam megot seey badalkar alves curr liya. surr harve kii mrityu 18 sitambar 1763 koo hui, aur unhone apana puuraa bhaagya apane bhatije koo saunp diyaa. sampatti kii kull sampatti £2,50,000 (lagbhag. 2010 taka), ack aisaa aankada joe alves key apane vitt koo sambhaalane mein aksham honey key bavjood badhata rhaa.
dukh.
haalaanki, apane chaacha kaa bhaagya grahan karane parr, alves ney bhee apane chaacha key dayaniya tarikon koo apanaaya. jaba mombattiyon parr bachat karane key liye andhera hoe gayaa tou vaha sou gayaa. usane kewal kharonch vaale kapade pahanana shuru curr diyaa, jisamen ack bhikhaari kii cast-off wig bhee shamil thee joe usey ack baad mein millie aur vaha dou saptah taka pahanata rhaa. usake kapade itane jeern-sheern they kii kaee loga usey galati seey ack aam sadak bhikhaari samajh gaye, aur gujarate-jaate usake haath mein ack paisa daal dete. ack dibbe key liye bhugtan karane seey bachane key liye vaha barish mein chalata thaa, aur phir geele kapadon mein baithata thaa taaki unhein sookhane key liye aag kii laagat koo bachaaya jaa sakey. unakaa ghar mahange furniture seey bharaa huaa thaa, lekin bhojan koo dhaalane seey bhee bharaa huaa thaa. nayaa bhojan khareedane seey pahale vaha kharaab khel khaata thaa. ack avsar parr, yeh kahaa gayaa thaa kii unhone ack moorn khaaya thaa jise ack choohe ney ack nadee seey kheencha thaa. marammat key liye paisa kharch karane key bajaay unhone apani vishal graameen haveli koo nirjan honey diyaa. ack baar ack karibi rishtedaar desh mein apane ghar parr rahata thaa, lekin shayankaksh itani kharaab sthiti mein thaa kii raat mein chhat seey usa parr barish honey seey rishtedaar jaag gayaa. ack ghanti kii vyarth khoj key baad, rishtedaar koo kaee baar apana bistar sthanantarit karane key liye majboor honah padaa, jaba taka kii usey ack aisee jagah naheen mill gaee jahan vaha sookha reh sakata thaa. subah alves seey sthiti kii tippani karane parr, baad vaale ney kahaah "aii! mujhe khud isase koee fark naheen padata... yeh barish mein ack achchha cona haye!"unaki jeevani lekhak, edward tofam, joe unhein achchi tarah seey jaanate they, ney bataayah
"yeh tippani karna utsuk haye kii kaise unhone bachat key chhote-chhote prayason koo ack saath karane kii sajish rachee... hajaaron logon key liye khel mein ack poori raat baithane key baad, usa samay key sabse fashionable aur ghatiya purushon key saath, shandar kamaron, gilt sophe, mome kii roshni aur apane coll parr parichaarak key beach, vaha subah lagbhag chaar baje baahar nikalata, ghar kii or naheen, balki smithfield mein! apane swayam key maveshiyon seey milane key liye, joe unake ack khet, thedon-holl seey bajar mein aaa rahey they. vahee aadami, joe haal hii mein chhode gaye drishyon koo bhool gayaa thaa, thhand yaa barish mein khadaa hoga, ack shav kasai key saath ack shilling key liye vinimay karega."
lekhak villium hegg miller key anusaar, alves ney "pakshiyon dwara unhein itna ghaas lootane kii kadvi shikayat kii jisase way apana ghonsala banaa sakein."
yahaan taka kii alves kaa swaasthya bhee kharch seey seemit thaa. kaee dukhiyon key saath, vaha chikitsakon parr avishvaas kartaa thaa, aur ack key liye bhugtan bachaane key liye khud kaa ilaaj karna pasand kartaa thaa. ack baar unhone andhere mein ghar jaate samay donon pairon koo buri tarah kaat diyaa thaa, lekin kewal epothekari koo ack kaa ilaaj karane kii anumati dete they, apani phees parr daanv lagaate hue kii anupachaarit anga pahale thheek hoe jaayega. alves ack pakhwade taka jeet gaye aur doctor koo apani phees seey bachana padaa. shikaar durghatana mein bhee unhein chot luggy thee. kinvadanti haye kii ack dinn vaha ack sajjan key saath shooting curr rahey they joe vishesh roop seey ack buraa shott thaa. isi vyakti ney galati seey ack baad key madhyam seey goli chalaai, jisase dukhi key gaal mein kaee goliyaan lugg gaeen. badee sharmindagi aur chinta key saath, sajjan ney maafi maangane key liye alves key paas sampark kiya, lekin alves ney maafi kaa anuman lagaate hue apana haath badhaaya, aur kahaah "merey pyaare surr, main aapako sudhaar key liye badhaai detaa huun; mujhe lagaa kii aap samay parr kuchh maar denge.
raajneetik jeevan.
1772 mein, lord craven kii madad seey vaha berkshire key liye sansad key sadasya bunn gaye (unakaa chunaav kharch kewal athaarah pence thaa). unhone thomas craven kii jagah lene key liye ack samjhauta ummidwar key roop mein ack upchunaav mein house off commons mein pravesh kiya, joe teen karyakalon mein seey pahale karyakal kii shuruat thee. 1784 key chunaav mein pada chhodane taka unhone nirvirodh apani seat parr kabja curr liya. alves apani ichcha key anusaar kissy bhee dall key saath baithe, aur vaha kabhi bhee house off commons koo sambodhit karane key liye naheen uthhe. saathi sadasyon ney majaak mein dekhaa kii choonki unake paas kewal ack soot thaa, isaliye way una parr kabhi bhee "badale hue coat" honey kaa aarop naheen lagaa sakate they. haalaanki, sansad key sadasya honey key kaaran, alves aksar westminster kii yatra karate they. unhone ack garib dubale ghode parr yatra kii, jiss maarg koo hamesha chunaa jaataa thaa, vaha vaha maarg thaa jisase way turnpike toll seey butch sakate they. vaha apani jeb mein ack kadaa ubla huaa andaa rakhane key liye jaanaa jaataa thaa, aur apani yatra key beach mein kissy baad key neeche baithata thaa aur uska andaa khaata thaa yaa sou jaataa thaa. baarah saal baad, vaha apani seat banaae rakhane key liye koee paisa lagaane kii sambhavana kaa saamana karane key bajaay sevaanivritt hoe gaye.
dhana udhaar.
apani asadharan mitavyayita key bavjood, alves ney apane sahyogiyon key liye bhaari raashi koo aparivartit rinon, asankalit rinon aur sandigdh niveshon mein khou diyaa. unakaa maanana thaa kii koee bhee vyakti kissy bhee paristhiti kii parwah kiye binaa kissy sajjan seey paise naheen maangata thaa. ack ullekhaniya avsar parr alves ney, avaanchhit, lord abingdon koo 7,000 pound kaa udhaar diyaa taaki vaha newmarket mein daanv lagaa sakey. daud key dinn, alves ghode parr savaar hocker restrack taka chaudah ghante taka khaane key liye kuchh naheen thaa, sivaay pencake key ack tukade key joe usane dou maheene pahale apani jeb mein daal diyaa thaa aur jise usane ack chaunka dene vaale saathi seey kasam khaai thee, "nayaa thaa.
baad key varshon mein.
apane sansadiya jeevan key anta key baad, alves ney apani poori oorjaa ack dukhi vyakti key roop mein samarpit curr dee kyonki vaha apani kaee sampattiyon key beach ghoom rahey they. apani upekshit sampattiyon mein unhone marammat parr roque lagaana jaari rakhaa, fasal kataai key baad apane kiraayedaron key saath kataai mein shamil hue, aur aag kii laagat koo bachaane key liye rasoi mein apane naukaron key saath baith gaye. sardiyon key sabse thhande dinn bhee vaha apane bhojan mein binaa aag key baithane key liye jaane jaate they, yeh kahate hue kii khaana unhein germ rakhane key liye "paryaapt vyayam" thaa. yadi koee sthir baalak agantuk key ghode key liye ghaas nikaalata haye, tou alves chupke seey baahar nickle jaataa haye aur usey hataa detaa haye. apane antim varshon mein, unake paas koee nishchit nivaas naheen thaa aur aksar marylebone key pados mein apani kiraaye parr naheen dee gaee landan kii sampattiyon key beach apane nivaas koo sthanantarit karate they, joe asthaayi roop seey khaali they. kahaa jaataa haye kii kuchh bistar, kuchh kursiyaan, ack mez aur ack "boodhi aurat" (ghar kii rakhwali karane vaali) unake liye saman they. isi ghar key rakhwale koo aksar sardi lagane key liye jaanaa jaataa thaa kyonki kabhi aag naheen luggy thee aur aksar khidakiyon mein kaanch naheen thaa.
iss pratha kii keemat unake jeevan parr lagbhag nirbhar karati haye jaba way inmein seey ack ghar mein buri tarah seey beemar hoe gaye aur koee unhein naheen dhoondh sakaa. kewal sanyog seey vaha butch gayaa. unake bhatije, curnell tims, joe unhein dekhana chaahte they, ney alves key bankers aur anya sthaanon parr vyarth poochtaachh kii. ack pott boy koo yaad aaya kii usane ack "boodhe bhikhaari" koo mahaan marlboro street mein alves key nirjan gharon mein seey ack mein ack stable mein jaate hue dekhaa thaa aur usake peechhe darwaja bund curr diyaa thaa. times ney darwaja khatkhataaya, lekin jaba kissy ney koee jawab naheen diyaa, tou ack lohar koo bheja aur taalaa jabardasti lagaa diyaa. lekhak edward walford key anusaar unake "old aind nyu landan" (1878) key khand 4 menh
"(ghar key nichale hisse mein) sub kuchh bund aur shaant thaa, lekin seedhiyon parr chadhate hii unhone ack vyakti key vilaap kii aavaaj sunee joe sankat mein prateet hotaa haye. way kaksh mein gaye, aur vahaan ack puraane phoos key bistar parr unhein shree mille. alves, jahira taur parr mrityu kii peedaon mein. kuchh samay key liye vaha kaafee asamvedansheel lugg rhaa thaa."
vaha iss sthiti mein taba taka rahey jaba taka kii kuchh "sauhaardpurna" ack padosi chikitsa dwara prashaasit naheen kiya jaa sakata thaa. paryaapt roop seey thheek honey key baad, alves ney kahaa kii unakaa maanana thaa kii vaha "dou yaa teen dinon" seey beemar they, aur ghar mein ack "boodhi aurat" thee, lekin kissy naa kissy kaaran seey, vaha "usake paas naheen thee"; kii vaha "khud beemar thee", lekin usey lagaa kii vaha "thheek hoe gaee hogi" aur "chully gaee". halanki, parisar kii talashi lene parr, times aur apothecary ney paaya kii mahila farsh parr bejan faili hui thee, joe spasht roop seey dou dinon seey mrit thee.
apane jeevan key anta mein, alves bukhaar aur bechain hoe gaye, vibhinn sthaanon parr thodi matra mein dhana jamaa karate hue, yeh dekhane key liye kii way surakshit hain, lagaatar sabhi jamaa sthaanon kaa daura karate rahey. vaha bhram seey peedit honey lagaa, iss darr seey kii vaha garibi mein marr jaayega. raat mein, usey kaalpanik luteron key saath sangharsh karate hue rote hue sunaa gayaah "main apana paisa rakhunga! main karuungaa! mujhe mutt lootana! oh, mutt karo!"jaba unase poochha gayaa kii vahaan kaun thaa?, alves jawab deteh "mahodaya, main kshama chaahata huun, meraa naam alves haye, main iss ghar mein lootane key liye durbhagyapurna rhaa huun, joe mujhe lagata haye kii meraa haye, merey paas paanch ginny aur aadhe mukut kii duniya mein joe bhee paisa haye."parivaar key doctor koo bheja gayaa, aur, marate hue dukhi koo dekhate hue, tippani karate sunaa gayaah" vaha aadami, apani mool shakti aur sanyam kii aajivan aadton key saath, bees saal adhik jeevit rhaa hoga, lekin paise key baare mein apani nirantar chinta key liye."yahaan taka kii unake barrister, jinhone apani 800,000 pound kii vaseeyat taiyar kii thee, koo bhee mombatti kii laagat bachaane key liye marane vaale vyakti key bistar key kinare seey aag kii roshni mein apane lekhan koo karane key liye majboor kiya gayaa thaa.
alves koo usee pahane hue kapadon mein soney key liye jaanaa jaataa thaa joe vaha dinn mein pahanate they. ack subah unhein chadaron key beach paaya gayaa, jinake pairon mein fatey hue joote, sir parr ack purani futty hui topi aur haath mein ack chhadi thee. isi sthiti mein 26 navambar 1789 koo unaki mrityu hoe gaee. unakaa antim sanskar ack-dusare key dumm parr kiya gayaa. kewal 50 pound prati varsh parr rahane key baad, alves ney apane dou beton, george aur johnn, (jinhen vaha pyaar kartaa thaa lekin shikshit naheen kartaa thaa, yeh maanate hue kii "logon key sir mein cheejen dalna unaki jeb seey paisa nikaalane kaa nishchit tarika haye") aur baaki apane bhatije key liye 500,000 pound (2018 taka lagbhag £ 74,207,558) chhod diye.
unake mitra aur jeevanikaar edward tofam dwara unake charitra kaa nimnalikhit saaranshah
"unakaa saarvajanik charitra unake baad shuddh aur binaa kissy daag key rahata haye. niji jeevan mein, vaha mukhya roop seey apane liye ack dushman they. dusaron koo bahut kuchh udhaar dete they; khud koo sub kuchh dene seey incar karate they. lekin usaki sampatti kii khoj mein, yaa usaki vasuli mein, merey paas yeh ack bhee nirdayi kaam naheen haye joe usake dwara kabhi kiya gayaa thaa."
sansad key sadasya honey key alawa, alves kii uplabdhiyon mein portman place, portman squire aur oxford circus, piccadilly, becker street aur marylebone key kuchh hisson sahit georgia key landan key nirmaan key liye vittaposhan shamil haye.

