
fraans ames

fraansis ricks aims (20 aprail 1920-11 navambar 2002) ack dakshin african neurologist, manochikitsak aur manvadhikar karyakarta they, jinhen rangbhed virodhi karyakarta steve bikko kii mrityu kii chikitsa naitikta jaanch kaa netritva karane key liye jaanaa jaataa haye, jinaki pulis hirasat mein yaatana diye jaane key baad chikitsa upeksha seey mrityu hoe gaee thee. jaba dakshin african chikitsa aur dunt parishad (samdc) ney mukhya jilaa shalya chikitsak aur unake sahayak koo anushaasit karane seey incar curr diyaa, jinhone beeko, aims aur paanch shikshaavidon aur chikitsakon key ack samooh kaa ilaaj kiya aur dhana jutaaya aur chikitsa pratishthaan key khilaf aathh saal kii kanuni ladaai ladee. ames ney nyaay kii khoj mein apani vyaktigat suraksha aur shaikshanik currier koo jokhim mein daala, vivaad koo dakshin african sarvocch nyayalaya mein leey gaye, jahan unhone antatah 1985 mein mamla jeet liya.
pretoria mein paida hui aur cape town mein garibi mein pully-badhee, aims 1964 mein cape town vishvavidyalaya seey doctor kii degree praapt karane vaali pahali mahila baneen. aims ney mastishk parr bhang key prabhaavon kaa adhyayan kiya aur iss vishay parr kaee lekh prakaashit kiye. apane swayam key aspatal mein rogiyon parr bhang key chikitsiya laabhon koo dekhate hue, vaha aushadhiya upayog key liye vaidhikaran kii praarambhik prastaavak bunn gaeen. 1985 mein sevaanivritt honey seey pahale unhone grot schuer aspatal mein tantrika vigyaan vibhaag kaa netritva kiya, lekin walkenberg aur alekjendra aspatal mein vyakhyan denaa jaari rakhaa. 1994 mein rangbhed koo samaapt karane key baad, ames ney "bico doctors" kii chikitsa naitikta jaanch parr apane kaam key baare mein sachchai aur sulah aayog mein gawahi dee. 1999 mein, nelson mandela ney manvadhikaron kii or seey apane kaam kii maanyata mein, desh key sarvocch nagrik puraskar, dakshin africa key starr, aims koo sammaanit kiya.
praarambhik jeevan.
aims kaa janm dakshin africa key pretoria mein wartrekerhogte mein 20 aprail 1920 koo teen betiyon mein seey doosari, frank aur georgina aims key ghar huaa thaa. unaki maan, jinka paalan-poshan ack boer ekagrata shivir mein aims kii daadi ney kiya thaa, joe dusare boer yuddh mein ack nurse theen, bhee ack nurse theen. aims apane pitaa koo kabhi naheen jaanati thee, jinhone apani patni aur teen betiyon koo chhod diyaa thaa. 
apani maan key apane parivaar kii dekhbhal karane mein asamarth honey key kaaran, ames ney apane bachpan kaa kuchh hissa ack catholic anathalaya mein bitaaya, jahan vaha typhoid bukhaar seey peedit thee. baad mein unaki maan parivaar mein phir seey shamil hoe gaeen aur unhein cape town mein sthanantarit curr diyaa, jahan ames ney ladkiyon key liye rustenberg school mein padhaai kii. unhone cape town vishvavidyalaya (yuu. see. tii.) medical school mein dakhila liya, jahan unhone 1942 mein apani aim. bee. aich. bee. kii degree praapt kii.
chikitsa carrier.
cape town mein, aims ney grot shuur aspatal mein intern kiya; unhone ack samanya vyavasaayi key roop mein transkei kshetra mein bhee kaam kiya. unhone 1964 mein yuu. see. tii. seey aim. dee. kii degree arjit kii, joe aisaa karane vaali pahali mahila theen. ames 1976 mein grot schuer aspatal mein tantrika vigyaan vibhaag kii pramukh baneen. unhein 1978 mein ack sahayogi professor banaaya gayaa. ames 1985 mein sevaanivritt huin, lekin yuu. see. tii. manochikitsa aur mansik swaasthya vibhagon mein vyakhyata key roop mein walkenberg aur alekjendra aspatal donon mein anshakaalik kaam karna jaari rakhaa. 1997 mein, yuu. see. tii. ney aims koo neurology kaa ack associate professor emeritus banaaya; unhein 2001 mein yuu. see. tii. seey chikitsa mein maanad doctorate praapt hui. "british medical journal" key pait sidley key anusaar, aims koo kabhi bhee poorna professor naheen banaaya gayaa thaa, aur unakaa maanana thaa kii aisaa isaliye thaa kyonki vaha ack mahila theen."
bico affair.
dakshin african rangbhed virodhi karyakarta steve bikko, jinhone pahale nettle medical school vishvavidyalaya mein chikitsa kaa adhyayan kiya thaa, koo 18 agast 1977 koo port elizabeth suraksha pulis dwara hirasat mein liya gayaa thaa aur 20 dinon key liye rakhaa gayaa thaa. 6 aur 7 sitambar key beach, kissy samay, beeko koo peeta gayaa aur komaa mein yaatana dee gaee. aims aur anya logon key aaropon key anusaar, sarjan ivor laing ney mukhya jilaa sarjan benjamin tucker key saath milkar pulis key saath sahyog kiya aur durvyavahar koo dhaka diyaa, jisase 12 sitambar koo usaki choton seey beeko kii maut hoe gaee. benator aind benator 2012 key anusaar, "bico key liye jimmedaar doctors kii or seey spasht naitik ullanghan they.
jaba dakshin african chikitsa aur dunt parishad (samdc) ney dakshin africa key chikitsa sangh (maasaa) key samarthan key saath, bikon kii mrityu mein jilaa shalyachikitsakon koo anushaasit karane seey incar curr diyaa, tou chikitsakon key dou samoohon ney bikon key doctors dwara dikhaae gaye vyavsayikta kii kamee key baare mein samdc key saath alag-alag aupchaarik shikaayaten darj keen. donon mamalon ney laing aur tucker kii chikitsa naitikta kii aupchaarik jaanch karane key liye samdc koo majboor karane key prayaas mein dakshin african sarvocch nyayalaya mein apana raasta banaaya. ack mamla aims dwara, vishvavidyalaya key traffore jenkins aur phillip tobias key saath, vitatersand dwara daayar kiya gayaa thaa; doosara mamla dumisani mazmane, coronationville aspatal key yosuf veriava aur alekjendra swaasthya kendra key tima willson dwara daayar kiya gayaa thaa.
jaise hii aims aur chikitsakon key chhote samooh ney apane peshe key sadasyon kii jaanch kii, aims koo whisselbloer kahaa jaataa thaa. vishvavidyalaya mein unaki sthiti koo unake varishthon dwara dhamki dee gaee thee aur unake sahyogiyon ney unhein mamla chhodane key liye kahaa thaa. bico doctors key khilaf mamle kaa peechha karke, ames koo vyaktigat dhamkiyan mileen aur usaki suraksha koo jokhim mein daala. baldwyn-regevan aur anya. dhyaan dein kii chikitsa sangh ney una sahyogiyon key samarthan mein bund rank kiye jinhone bandiyon kii yaatana aur mrityu mein suraksha pulis key saath milibhugat kii [aur] una doctors koo chup karaane aur badnam karane kaa bhee prayaas kiya joe manvadhikaron key liye khade hue aur jinhone apane sahyogiyon key khilaf anushasanatmak kaarravaai kii maang kii."
aathh saal baad, 1985 mein ames ney mamla jeetaa jaba dakshin african sarvocch nyayalaya ney usake paksh mein faisala sunaaya. aims kii madad seey, mamle ney chikitsa niyaamak nikaay koo apane faisale koo ulatane key liye majboor curr diyaa. bikon kaa ilaaj karane vaale dou doctors koo antatah anushaasit kiya gayaa aur pramukh chikitsa sudhaaron kaa paalan kiya gayaa. bentar aind bentar 2012 key anusaar, iss mamle ney dakshin africa mein chikitsa peshe koo chikitsa naitik muddon key prati samvedansheel banaane mein mahatvapurna bhoomika nibhai."
bhang anusandhaan.
ames ney 1958 mein bhang key prabhaavon kaa adhyayan kiya, "dha british journal off cychiatry" mein "canbis sativa" key saath teevra nashe key naidaanik aur chayapachaya adhyayan aur model cycosis mein isaki bhoomika "key roop mein apane kaam koo prakaashit kiya. unake kaam kaa poore bhang saahitya mein vyaapak roop seey ullekh kiya gayaa haye. unhone drugs parr yuddh kaa virodh kiya aur bhang key chikitsiya laabhon kii ack prastaavak theen, vishesh roop seey multiple sclerosis (ms) vaale logon key liye. 
ames ney pahale haath seey dekhaa kii kaise bhang (dakshin africa mein "dagga" key roop mein jaanaa jaataa haye) ms rogiyon mein ainthan seey raahat detaa haye aur usake aspatal key reedh kii huddy kii choton key ward mein paraplegics kii madad kartaa haye. unhone 1990 key dashak mein bhang key prabhaavon kaa adhyayan karna jaari rakhaa, bhang-prerit utsaah aur mastishk parr bhang key prabhaavon key baare mein kaee lekh prakaashit kiye.
vyaktigat jeevan.
aims kii shaadi "cape times" key sampadakiya lekhak david mahal seey hui thee aur unake chaar bete they. vaha 47 varsh kii theen jaba unake pati kii 1967 mein apratyaashit roop seey mrityu hoe gaee. unake pati kii mrityu key baad, aims kii ghar kii rakhwali karane vaali rosalina ney parivaar koo badhaane mein madad kii. aims ney apane sansmaran, "ack rangbhed samaaj mein maataa" (2002) mein anubhav key baare mein likhaa.
mrityu.
aims kuchh samay key liye leukemia seey joojh rahey they. apani mrityu seey pahale, usane ack sakshatkarkarta seey kahaa, "main taba taka chalati rahoongi jaba taka main naheen chhodati."unhone 11 navambar 2002 koo rondebosch mein ghar parr mrityu honey seey chhah saptah pahale taka walkenberg aspatal mein anshakaalik vyakhyata key roop mein yuu. see. tii. key liye kaam karna jaari rakhaa. yuu. see. tii. key manochikitsa vibhaag kaa pratinidhitva karate hue, gregg mccarthy ney antim sanskar mein prashansa kii. aims kaa daah sanskar kiya gayaa, aur usaki ichcha key anusaar, usaki raakh koo bhang key beej key saath jodaa gayaa aur walkenberg aspatal key baahar titar-bitar curr diyaa gayaa, jahan usaki smaarak seva aayojit kii gaee thee.
viraasat.
dakshin african neurosurgeon collin from ney aims koo "ack chikitsiya dawa key roop mein isake upayog mein vartamaan ruchi seey kaee saal pahale marizuana key chikitsa upayog key liye mahaan aur aparamparaagat naayak" key roop mein sandarbhit kiya. jey. pee. dakshin african chikitsa patrika" key vaine nickerk ney nott kiya kii "fraansis aims ney vishvaas aur udaaharan key netritva mein" aur itihas ney antatah bico mamle mein usaki kaarravaai koo uchit thaharaaya.
bico mamle parr aims key kaam ney dakshin africa mein pramukh chikitsa sudhaaron kaa netritva kiya, jisamen puraane rangbhed-yug key chikitsa sangathanon koo bhang karna aur pratisthaapit karna shamil thaa, joe peshe key chikitsa manakon koo banaae rakhane mein whiffle rahey. vaine nickerk key anusaar, "dakshin african chikitsa key liye sabse sthaayi sabak chikitsa vyavsaayiyon kii bhoomikaon kaa spashteekaran thaa jaba dohri jimmedariyon kaa sawal hotaa haye. yeh abb anya baaton key saath-saath samaa aachar sanhita aur doctors kii jimmedariyon kii kanuni vyakhyaon mein sannihit haye.
ames ney 1997 mein satya aur sulah aayog mein chikitsa sunavaai key dauran gawahi dee. archbishop desmond tutu ney ames koo "rangbhed shasson key khilaf khade honey vaale mutthi bhar doctors mein seey ack key roop mein sammaanit kiya aur una doctors koo kaanoon key dayare mein laaya jinhone manvadhikaron key durupyog key saath milibhugat kii thee."dakshin africa mein manvadhikaron kii or seey apane kaam kii sweekriti mein, nelson mandela ney 1999 mein desh mein sarvocch nagrik puraskar, order off dha starr off south africa seey sammaanit kiya.

