
aatm-sanghanan

aatm-sanghanan ack carbonic pratikriya haye jisamen ack carbonyl samooh vaalaa rasayanik yaugik aldol sanghanan mein electrophile aur nucleophile donon key roop mein kaary kartaa haye. ise ack mishrit aldol sanghanan key vipareet ack samamit aldol sanghanan bhee kahaa jaataa haye jisamen electrophile aur nucleophile alag-alag prajaatiyan hain.
udaaharan key liye, acetone key dou anu ack aayan-vinimay raal kii upasthiti mein ack ekal yaugik macitile oxide mein sanghanit hotey hainh
synthetic upayogon key liye, yeh aam taur parr ack avaanchhaniya, lekin mishrit aldol sanghanan kii sahaj aur pasandida dushprabhaav pratikriya haye, aur ise rokane key liye vishesh saavdhaaniyon kii aavashyakta haye.
aatm-sanghanan koo rokein.
kaee mamalon mein, aatm-sanghanan ack avaanchhit dushprabhaav pratikriya haye. isaliye, rasaayanvidon ney ack paar aldol pratikriya karate samay aisaa honey seey rokane key liye kaee tareeke apanaae hain.
ack adhik pratikriyaasheel electrophile aur ack gair-anolysable bhagidar kaa upayog.
yadi jaleey naoh kii upasthiti mein acetophenone aur benzaldehyde koo ack saath rakhaa jaataa haye, tou kewal ack utpaad banata haih
aisaa isaliye hotaa haye kyonki benzaldehyde mein kissy bhee innolisable proton kii kamee hoti haye, isaliye yeh ack annolet naheen banaa sakata haye, aur benzaldehyde ghol mein kissy bhee unanolized acetophenone kii tulanaa mein bahut adhik electrophilic haye. isaliye, acetophenone seey banaa annolet hamesha acetophenone key ack anya anu parr benzaldehyde parr hamla karega.
annolet aayan koo matratmak roop seey banaana.
jaba jaleey naoh kaa upayog karke nitromethane aur acetophenone koo jodaa jaataa haye, tou kewal ack utpaad banata haih
yahaan, acetophenone koo kabhi bhee apane saath sanghanit honey kaa mauka naheen milata haye, kyonki nitromethane itna adhik amleeya hotaa haye kii nitro "annolet" matratmak roop seey banaaya jaataa haye. acetophenone aur nitromethane key beach sanghanan key liye koee gyaat prakaashit prakriya naheen haye. 
dou keaton key beach aatm-sanghanan koo rokane key liye bhee isi tarah kii prakriya kaa upayog kiya jaa sakata haye. haalaanki, iss mamle mein, upayog kiya jaane vaalaa aadhar adhik shaktishali honah chaahiye. lithium diasopropyl amide (ell. dee. aeye.) ack samanya aadhar haye. yahaan iska upayog acetone aur cyclohexanone key beach paar sanghanan karane key liye kiya jaataa haye.
ell. dee. aeye. kaa upayog karke apapratirochan charan itna tej haye kii baney annolet koo kabhi bhee cyclohexanone key kissy bhee apratikriyaasheel anuon key saath pratikriya karane kaa mauka naheen milata haye. phir annolet acetone key saath jaldi seey pratikriya kartaa haye.
silil inol eather kaa gathan.
ell. dee. aeye. kaa upayog aldehyde seey annolet aayan banaane kaa prayaas karate samay kaam naheen karega. way itane pratikriyaasheel hotey hain kii aatm-sanghanan hoga. isake aspas jaane kaa ack tarika haye trimethylacylil chloride aur ack aadhar, jaise kii trithylamine kaa upayog karke aldehyde koo silil inol eather mein badalana, aur phir aldol sanghanan karna. yahaan iss ranneeti kaa upayog acetaldehyde aur benzaldehyde key sanghanan mein kiya jaataa haye. sanghanan koo badhaava dene key liye ack luis acid, jaise kii tikl 4 kaa upayog kiya jaanaa chaahiye.