
merrie aakhiri duchess

"merrie aakhiri duchess" robbert browning kii ack kavita haye, jise aksar naatakiya ekalap key udaaharan key roop mein sankalit kiya jaataa haye. yeh pahali baar 1842 mein browning key "naatakiya geet" mein dikhaai diyaa. kavita kii rachana ayambik pentameter key 28 tukbandi dohare mein kii gaee haye.
naatakiya geet" key pahale sanskaran mein, kavita kaa sheershak kewal "itali" thaa.
aitihaasik prishthabhoomi.
kavita seey pahale shilalekh "feraaraah" haye, joe darshaata haye kii vaktaa alphonso dwiteeya dee 'este haye, ferrara key paanchven duke (1533-1598), jinhone 1558 mein (24 saal kii umr mein), tuscany key grand duke, cosimo aaee dee medisi kii 13 saal kii betty lucrezia dee cosimo dee medisi aur alonora dee tolello seey shaadi kii thee.
leukrezia achchi tarah seey shikshit thee, aur chikitsak koo aadaraniya aur pratishthit pratishthit parivaar kii tulanaa mein "noview ritch" maanaa jaa sakata thaa (alphonso dwiteeya dee 'este kii "nau sou saal puraane naam" key upahaar key baare mein tippani spasht roop seey ingit karati haye kii vaha apani dulhan koo samajik roop seey apane neeche maanata thaa). vaha ack badaa dahej laker aaee thee.
isake baad usane usey dou saal key liye chhod diyaa, isase pahale kii 21 aprail 1561 koo 16 saal kii umr mein usaki mrityu hoe gaee. haalaanki jahar dene kaa gahara sandeh thaa, yeh adhik sambhavana haye kii usaki mrityu kaa kaaran tapedik thaa. yeh anuman lagaaya jaataa haye kii jahar dene kii afwah alphonso dwiteeya key dushmanon dwara shuru kii gaee thee. 
duke ney taba 1564 mein barbara kaa haath manga, joe pavitra roman samrat ferdinand pratham kii aathvin betty aur bohemia aur hangri kii annaa aur tyrol kii ginati kii bahan, ferdinand dwiteeya thee. 
ginati shaadi kii vyavastha karane key prabhaari they; unake dall key pramukh, nicolas madruz, joe kii insbrook key mool nivasi they, unake courier they. 
madruz sambhavatah vaha vyakti haye jise kavita mein duke dwara sambodhit kiya gayaa haye.
kavita mein naamit kalakar-chitrakaar fra pandolph aur moortikaar closses off insbrook-kaalpanik hain.
saransh.
vaktaa (sambhavatah ferrara key duke alphonso) apani bhaavi naee patni key parivaar key doot koo apane ghar mein kalakritiyon kaa daura dey rahey hain. vaha ack mahila kii painting koo prakat karane key liye ack pardaa kheenchata haye, yeh samajhaate hue kii yeh usaki divangat patni kaa chitra haye; vaha apane mehmann koo baithane aur painting koo dekhane key liye aamantrit kartaa haye. jaba way divangat duchess key chitra koo dekhate hain, tou duke unake khush, hansmukh, saraahaniya aur dayalu swabhaav kaa varnan kartaa haye, jisane unhein aprasann curr diyaa thaa. 
vaha kahata haye, "uska dill thaa-main kaise kahoonga? - bahut jaldi khush hoe gayaa..."vaha aage kahata haye kii usake baare mein usaki shikayat thee kii" "kewal usake pati kii upasthiti naheen thee" "jisase usey khushi hui. aakhirkaar, "maine adesh diyaa; phir sabhi muskurahat ack saath rook gaee."ack sakshatkar mein, browning ney kahaa," meraa matlab thaa kii adesh they kii usey maar diyaa jaanaa chaahiye... yaa hoe sakata haye kii usane usey kissy convent mein bund curr diyaa hoe."
duke abb apani painting koo ack parde key peechhe chhipaaye rakhta haye jise kewal usey vaapas kheenchane kii anumati haye, iss prakaar abb vaha kewal usake liye muskurati haye. 
duke kaee narcisistic pravrittiyon koo pradarshit kartaa haye kyonki vaha apani abb-mrit duchess key saath bitaaye gaye samay koo yaad kartaa haye. 
isake baad vaha shaadi kii vyavastha key baare mein ack purani baatchit phir seey shuru kartaa haye, aur ack aur kalaa key kaam koo ingit kartaa haye, neptune kii ack kansya pratima joe insbrook key closses dwara ack samudri ghode koo vash mein karati haye, isaliye apani divangat patni koo kalaa kaa ack aur kaam banaati haye.
roop.
browning ney iss kavita koo ack naatakiya geet key roop mein varnit kiya; lekin anivarya roop seey yeh ack naatakiya ekalap haye, ack shally joe aamtaur parr browning seey judee hoti haye, jahaan ack vyakti anumaanit darshakon seey baat kartaa haye. yeh ayambik pentameter mein likhaa jaataa haye, jisamen tukbandi dohe aur hamesha panktiyon key anta mein vaakyon koo samaapt naheen karane kii sanyojan takneek kaa upayog kiya jaataa haye. inn takneekon key kaaran, kavita mein ack samvaadaatmak guna haye aur ise ack lambe bhaashan key roop mein padhaa jaa sakata haye.

