
indus key samrajya

empires off dha indasah dha story off aeye river, ellis albinia kii ack gair-kaalpanik pustak haye jise 2008 mein johnn murre (prakaashan ghar) dwara prakaashit kiya gayaa thaa. yeh karachi seey tibbat taka sindhu nadee key maarg key baad madhya aur dakshini asia key madhyam seey albinia kii yatra kaa ack aanshik-sansmaran bhaag-nibandh haye. poori pustak mein, albinia sanskriti aur itihas key pahaluon kaa saamana kartaa haye aur unakaa varnan kartaa haye, aur unhein nadee key astitva seey sambandhit kartaa haye. yeh pustak samudaayon key saath-saath una deshon key itihas aur raajneetik dhaanche key baare mein ack antardrishti detee haye jinake madhyam seey indus bahata haye. "indus key samrajya" koo 2005 mein saahitya key shaahi samaaj dwara jerwood puraskar seey sammaanit kiya gayaa thaa.
sindhu nadee 3000 kilometres seey adhik lambi ack seema paar nadee haye, joe himalaya key uttar mein utpann hoti haye, madhya aur dakshini asia seey hocker gujarati haye, aur pakistan key sindh praant mein samudra mein bahati haye. nadee key kinare rahane vaali maanav sanskritiyon aur sabhyataon kaa itihas cumm seey cumm 2300 eesaa poorv taka faila huaa haye.
indus key samrajya mukhya roop seey 2000 key dashak kii shuruat mein indus nadee key saath albinia kii apani yaatraon parr adharit hain. ailbiniya nadee key kinare kii yatra kaa upayog nadee, isake saath rahane vaali aabaadi aur parinamswarup bunny sanskritiyon aur samajik sanrachanaon key beach sambandhon koo taiyar karane key liye kartaa haye. 
albinia kii yatra sindh, pakistan mein, sindhu key pramukh jall parr shuru hoti haye, aur raaste mein afghanistan mein pravesh key saath pakistan, bhaarat aur tibbat key madhyam seey nadee key maarg key saath faili hui haye. iss samay afghanistan aur pakistan mein bharee raajneetik sthiti key kaaran, albinia bhaarat key saath honey vaale sangharsh aur hinsa, samkaaleen aur aitihaasik, parr vishesh dhyaan detaa haye.
pustak kii vishay-vastu koo 12 alag-alag khandon mein vibhajit kiya gayaa haye, joe ack prastaavana seey pahale haye. sindhu nadee kaa ack naksha diyaa gayaa haye aur kaee rangeen tasveeren dee gaee hain. pustak mein shabdawali, notes, chuninda granth soochi aur ack soochkaank naamak vishesh khand bhee hain. shabdawali pathakon key liye pustak koo adhik samajhane yogya aur samajhane yogya banaati haye joe pakistan, bhaarat aur tibbat mein upayog kiye jaane vaale kuchh shabdon aur shabdon seey parichit naheen hain.
prishthabhoomi.
ellis albinia ney 1990 key dashak key anta mein cambridge vishvavidyalaya mein adhyayan kiya, yatra karane key liye vishvavidyalaya chhodane seey pahale. france seey, unhone swayamsevi maanviya kaary kiya aur nepal aur bhaarat kii yatra kii. dilli mein kaee varshon taka kaam karane key baad, unhone landan key soas vishvavidyalaya mein phir seey adhyayan shuru kiya. 2003 mein adhyayan samaapt karane key baad, albinia ney 2003 mein indus key saath apani yatra shuru kii. 2004 seey 2007 taka, albinia ney pakistan, bhaarat, tibbat aur afghanistan kii kaee yaatraaen keen, 2007 mein lekhan prakriya kii shuruat kii. 
unake anusaar, dakshin asiai itihas mein albinia kaa soas seey antar, indus nadee key itihas mein unake purnakaalik adhyayan kaa praarambhik charan thaa. dilli mein dou saal kaam karane aur sanskriti aur itihas parr rashtriya bahason kaa avalokan karane key baad, jaise kii shaikshik pathyapustakon key punarlekhan, albinia koo ehsas huaa kii bhaaratiya upmahadweep kaa itihas pahale kii tulanaa mein gahara aur adhik jatil thaa. 
madhya aur dakshini asia kii yaatraaen.
albinia ney pakistan, bhaarat aur tibbat kii kaee yaatraaen keen, jisamen ack taraf seey afghanistan kii yatra kii gaee. jaba sambhav hoe tou albinia ney yatra koo suvidhajanak banaane aur sthaaniya sanskritiyon key saath judane key liye sthaaniya samparkon kii ack shrinkhala kaa upayog kiya, aksar doston, lekin vibhinn yaatraon key mahatvapurna hisse akele bitaaye. tibbat aur afghanistan key bhoo-raajneetik algaav key kaaran, albinia ney inn kshetron mein seey adhikansh mein akele yatra kii. newsline patrika key saath ack sakshatkar mein unhone americi kabje key samay key dauran afghanistan key madhyam seey yatra karane key apane anubhav kaa varnan kiya.
usa samay yeh koee samasya naheen thee. mujhe naheen pataa kii abb yeh kaisa hoga-mujhe lagata haye kii alag. aggar mujhe bindu aeye seey bee taka jaanaa hotaa aur kaheen thodaa mushkil seey gujar rhaa hotaa, tou main buss burka pahanata aur koee bhee kaar koo naheen rokta.(samachar patrika, 2008).
ailbiniya ney sindhu mein apane mukhya jall seey laker himalaya mein apane srot taka, sindhu nadee key oopar kii or key abhishaap kaa anusaran kiya. choonki nadee kaee saanskritik aur rashtriya seemaon koo paar karati haye, yeh aksar pramukh kshetriya aur vaishvik sangharsh kshetron mein paridrishya kaa hissa haye. albinia kii yatra key samay, kshetra mein dou sabse ullekhaniya sangharsh chala rahey they, kramshah afghanistan mein yuddh aur bhaarat aur pakistan key beach kashmir sangharsh.
albinia key anusaar, bhaarat aur pakistan key beach saanskritik dharmikta mein antar ack ullekhaniya antar thaah
mujhe lagata haye kii yeh shalinta jiyaa key samay mein aaee thee. kissy bhee tarah seey, yeh bhaarat key merey anubhav key vipareet thaa, jahan main shayed hii kissy aise vyakti koo jaanata thaa joe itna dhaarmik thaa. pakistan mein, bhale hii koee vishesh roop seey dhaarmik naa hoe, way kabhi bhee ise jore seey naheen kahenge-aapako inn cheejon key baare mein vaastav mein savdhan rehna hoga."
bhaarat aur pakistan key baare mein albinia key vibhinn anubhav inn vishesh saanskritik aadharon parr alag they.
tibbat key baare mein baat karate hue, albinia ney ise ack aise kshetra key roop mein varnit kiya joe 'chean dwara apane upanivesh key tahat haye', bhaarat aur pakistan key liye ack bahut hii alag sthaan haye, joe indus key samrajyon key mukhya vichaaron key samanantar chalata haye, indus nadee ack aisee jagah haye jahan naa kewal sabhyataaen banaai gaee hain, balki shaktiyon aur samrajyon ney iss mahatvapurna nadee pranali koo niyantrit karane key liye yuddh ladey hain, aur aabaadi key iss atyadhik utpaadak aur saanskritik roop seey vividh samooh.
swaagat.
indus key samrajyon koo achchi tarah seey praapt kiya gayaa thaa, isaki prastuti aur dayare key madhyam seey ruchi hassil kii gaee thee. sanrakshak mein apani atyadhik sakaratmak sameeksha mein, cavin rashbi ney albinia koo "ack dridh lekhak aur sahee vyakti koo khojane aur unaki kahani sunane kii kshamata vaale paryavekshak yatri" key roop mein varnit kiya haye. vaha nott karate hain kii albinia duniya key iss kshetra mein ack ashawadi sandesh khojane kaa prabandhan kartaa haye, "sabhi sookhe kachare, shaaririk aur aadhyatmik donon mein sundarta aur aashaa kaa sandesh". 
barnes aur kuleen key liye, robbert massenger ney albinia key liye isi tarah kii prashansa kii, yeh pehchaan karate hue kii kahani kaa mool joe vaha bataane kii koshish curr rahee haye, vaha una sthaanon key itihas yaa sanskriti mein naheen haye jahaan vaha jaati haye, balki inn avadhaaranaon mein, dusaron key beach, kaise maujood hain aur una logon koo rotion curr rahee hain jinase vaha milati haye. doot ney indus key samrajyon key ack antarnihit paryavaraniya sandesh koo bhee nott kiyaah
ailbiniya indus key badey khatare seey nirash haye. baar-baar badnam kiya... nadee kaheen-kaheen poori tarah seey gayab hoe jaati haye, yaa ack gaddhe jaisi trickle mein dheemi hoe jaati haye."
itihaaskaar key liye david gilmartin, isake vipareet, pehchaan karate hain kii albinia kii "itihas key saath gahari sagaai" iss pustak koo yatra vrittaant shally seey alag karati haye joe aamtaur parr apekshit haye. vaha vibhinn kshetron seey sambandhit aitihaasik saahitya key saath ack vishesh judaav koo unaki vishay samagri kii iss gahari samajh key ack pramukh hisse key roop mein nott kartaa haye. gilmartin ney pustak key cumm ashawadi konn koo bhee nott kiya haye, kii vahaan ack "nuksan kii chhaap" haye aur iss kshetra mein aadhunik raajya "bahut cumm pradaan karate hain joe albinia kii nazaron mein achchha haye. gilmartin ney nishkarsh nikala kii sanskriti aur itihas key saath gahari bhagidari key bavjood, albinia kaa drishtikon "kaee pahale key shaahi yaatriyon key saath kuchh samaan haye.

