
barbarta (bhashavigyan)

barbarta ack gair-maanak shabd, abhivyakti yaa kissy bhasha mein uchchaaran haye, vishesh roop seey jise rupankan mein truti key roop mein maanaa jaataa haye, jabaki "ekalvaad" vakyavinyas mein ack truti haye. label koo mool roop seey pracheen yunani yaa lattin koo anya bhaashaon key saath milaane key liye lagu kiya gayaa thaa, lekin shaastriya adhyayanon mein kissy bhee anuchit shabd yaa abhivyakti koo ingit karane key liye aur antatah kissy bhee bhasha koo aprachalit yaa abhadra maanaa jaataa haye. iss shabd kaa upayog mukhya roop seey likhit bhasha key liye kiya jaataa haye.
aadhunik bhashavigyan mein koee sweekrit takniki arth naheen honey key kaaran, samkaaleen varnanatmak vaigyaanikon dwara iss shabd kaa bahut cumm upayog kiya jaataa haye.
shaastriya.
barbarta" shabd (yoonaanih βαρβαρισμος) mool roop seey yoonaniyon dwara unaki bhasha mein upayog kiye jaane vaale videshi shabdon key liye upayog kiya jaataa thaa aur yeh "barbarta" shabd seey sambandhit haye.
barbarta" shabd kaa upayog karane vaale pahale lattin vyaakaranagya teesari shatabdi esvi mein marius plotius sackerdos they. cominius ack paribhasha pradaan kartaa haye. chauthi shatabdi mein, charicius ney spasht roop seey lattin mein yunani shabdon koo barbarta maane jaane seey baahar rakhaa. raiza vyarth key anusaar, "yadi ack shabd-yaa tou ack lattin yaa ack yunani-doosari bhasha key ack tatva dwara dooshit kiya gayaa thaa, tou yeh ack barbarta thee, shabd likhane kaa ack berber tarika thaa."
angrezi.
anuchit upayog kaa varnan karane key liye angreji mein shabd kaa sabse pahala upayog 16veen shatabdi mein lattin yaa greek key saath anya bhaashaon koo milaane key liye kiya gayaa thaa, vishesh roop seey classics kaa ilaaj karane vaale granthon mein. satrahavin shatabdi taka "barbarta" ney anuchit bhasha kii adhik samanya, cumm sateek bhavna koo apana liya thaa. udaaharan key liye, "darshan key itihas" mein, thomas steinly ney ghoshana kii, "bhaashan key doshon mein" barbarta ", ack vakyansh joe sabse achche vyaktiyon key saath upayog mein naheen haye, aur" ekalata ", ack bhaashan joe asangat roop seey taiyar kiya gayaa haye.
sankar shabd, joe kaee bhaashaon seey udhaar liye gaye ephics yaa anya tatvon koo jodate hain, kabhi-kabhi barbarta key roop mein aswikar kiye jaate they. iss prakaar, "vishvakosh mahanagar" key lekhakon ney francisi shabd "(" bhashavigyan ") kii aalochana kii kii" samanya barbarta seey adhik, kyonki lattin mool "bhasha" yahaan kewal ack key saath naheen, balki dou yunani kanon key saath sanyukt haye. iss tarah kaa mishran aadhunik angreji mein "aakasmik aur vishal" haye.
halanki "barbarta" kii koee sateek takniki paribhasha naheen haye, lekin iss shabd kaa upayog abhee bhee bhasha key upayog kii gair-takniki charchaon mein kissy shabd yaa upayog koo galat yaa gair-maanak key roop mein varnit karane key liye kiya jaataa haye. galisism (french shabdon yaa muhaware kaa upayog), germanwad, hyspanism, aur isi tarah angreji mein anya bhaashaon mein anglycism koo barbarta key udaaharan key roop mein maanaa jaa sakata haye.
russie.
18veen aur 19veen shatabdi mein, kuleen vargon key russie koo francisi dwara gambhir roop seey "berber" kiya gayaa thaa. french mein bolna naa kewal fashionable bunn gayaa thaa, balki ack thheek seey taiyar vyakti key vishishtata kaa sanket bhee bunn gayaa thaa. leo tolstoy key "yuddh aur shaanti" mein ack pramukh udaaharan dekhaa jaa sakata haye. jabaki uchch samaaj kii cream ack vaastavik francisi "governant" (governess, yaa mahila liv-inn tutor) kaa kharch uthaa sakati thee, praantiya "uchch varg" koo samasyaaen theen. phir bhee, apani shiksha koo dikhaane kii ichcha ney vaha utpann kiya jise alexander griboyedov kii "buddhi seey afsos" ney "jeebh kaa mishranah french key saath nizegorodian" kahaa. francisi-nizegorodian kaa upayog aksar saahitya aur rangmanch mein haasya prabhaav key liye kiya jaataa thaa.

