
samvaidhaanik ishwartantra

samvaidhaanik ishwartantra vakyansh nirvaachit sarkaar key ack roop kaa varnan kartaa haye jisamen ack dharm koo kanuni aur raajneetik pranali mein ack aadhikarik kendriya bhoomika dee jaati haye. ack shuddh ishwartantra key vipareet, shakti dhaarmik netritva key bajaay samvidhaan kii seemaon key bheetar kaam karane vaale samanya raajneetik vyaktiyon mein rahati haye.
iss vakyansh kaa upayog 1987 mein ayatollah khomaini kii irani sarkaar key sambandh mein olivier roy dwara kiya gayaa thaa, aur 1990 key dashak seey iran aur kabhi-kabhi anya sarkaaron kii charchaon mein iska upayog kiya jaataa rhaa haye. professor mahmoud mamdani ney "iran mein ack rajyavyapi lipic pradhikaran" key sandarbh mein ack "samvaidhaanik ishwartantra" kii baat kii haye. torrento vishvavidyalaya key low school key ack seey adhik lekhon mein "samvaidhaanik dharmshastron" parr charcha kii gaee haih udaaharan key liye "islami shariyat kaanoonon key siddhanton dwara aupchaarik roop seey shaasit aadhunik raajyon" parr vichaar karna.
samvaidhaanik ishwartantra" kii avadharana kaa upayog patrakaron dwara iran key baare mein likhane, yaa iraq mein samvidhaan vikasit karane kii prakriya key baare mein, aur dharm aur sarkaar key beach sambandhon kii samanya charchaon mein bhee kiya jaataa haye.
iran kii "islami kranti" key saath isake sambandh key baad, iss vakyansh kaa upayog anya vishayon key saath-saath, beesavin shatabdi kii praarambhik turkey rajneeti aur samkaaleen chechnian rajneeti parr charcha karane key liye bhee kiya gayaa haye.
hirschel key vichaar.
professor hirschel ney apane lekh mein samvaidhaanik dharamshastra aur samanya loktantra key beach key antar kaa vistaar kiya haye, "samvaidhaanik adaalaten banaam. dhaarmik kattarvaadah teen madhya purvi kathaaen."jahan vaha kahata haih
"1971 key misra key samvidhaan key anuchhed 2 key mool paath mein kahaa gayaa haih 'islam raajya kaa dharm haye, arabi isaki aadhikarik bhasha haye, aur islami shariyat key siddhant kaanoon kaa ack pramukh srot hain.'22 maee, 1980 koo anuchhed 2 key paath koo badalkar padhaa gayaa, 'islam raajya kaa dharm haye, arabi isaki aadhikarik bhasha haye, aur islami shariyat key siddhant kaanoon key pramukh srot hain.'iss sanshodhan key parinamswarup misra ney prabhaavi roop seey ack 'samvaidhaanik ishwartantra' mein parivartan curr diyaa, jisamen koee bhee kaanoon islami kanuni siddhanton kaa ullanghan naheen curr sakata thaa."
hirschel misra aur iran donon mein aadhikarik, sarkaar dwara sthaapit shariyat adalaton key astitva koo iss baat key pramaan key roop mein sandarbhit kartaa haye kii yeye samvaidhaanik dharamshastra hain. haalaanki unaki paribhasha aam taur parr anya vichaaron key saath sangat prateet hoti haye kii ack samvaidhaanik ishwartantra ack aisee sarkaar haye joe ack dharm koo kaanoon key ekmatra srot key roop mein upayog karati haye, anya lekhak iss sandarbh mein aksar misra kaa ullekh naheen karate hain.
iraq mein kissy bhee aadhikarik, sarkaar dwara sthaapit shariyat adalaton kii kamee, aur iraqi samvidhaan mein "kaanoon key pramukh srot" key bajaay "kaanoon key ack pramukh srot" vakyansh key upayog kaa arth yeh samajha gayaa haye kii iraq ack samvaidhaanik dharmtantra naheen haye, cumm seey cumm hirschel kii paribhasha key anusaar.

