
aiss. yuu. vee.

ack khel upayogita vaahan (aiss. yuu. vee.) ack kaar vargeekaran haye joe sadak parr jaane vaali yatri kaaron key tatvon koo sadak seey baahar key vaahanon kii visheshtaon key saath jodata haye, jaise kii oopar kii or ground clearance aur chaar-pahiya drive.
aiss. yuu. vee. kii koee aam sahamati vaali paribhasha naheen haye aur iss shabd kaa upayog deshon key beach bhinn hotaa haye. iss prakaar, yeh ack "dheela shabd haye joe paaramparik roop seey chaar-pahiya drive key saath vaahanon kii ack vistrit shrinkhala koo shamil kartaa haye."kuchh paribhashaon kaa daavaa haye kii ack suv koo halke truck chessis parr banaaya jaanaa chaahiye; haalaanki, vyaapak paribhashaon mein off-road design suvidhaon vaale kissy bhee vaahan koo suv maanaa jaataa haye. crossover suv koo aksar ack unibody nirmaan (yatri kaaron kii tarah) key saath nirmit ack suv key roop mein paribhaashit kiya jaataa haye; haalaanki, vaahanon kii kshamataon, vipanakon dwara labeling aur nae models key vidyuteekaran key kaaran padnam teji seey dhundhale hoe rahey hain.
aiss. yuu. vee. key poorvavarti 1930 key dashak key anta seey sainya aur cumm matra vaale model key hain, aur chaar-pahiya-drive station vaigan aur carriol joe 1949 mein pesh kiye jaane lagey they. 1984 jeep cheroki (exje) koo aadhunik shally mein pahala aiss. yuu. vee maanaa jaataa haye. aaj utpaadit kuchh aiss. yuu. vee. unibody nirmaan kaa upayog karate hain; haalaanki, ateet mein, adhik aiss. yuu. vee. boddy-onn-frame nirmaan kaa upayog karate they. 1990 key dashak key anta aur 2000 key dashak kii shuruat key dauran, aiss. yuu. vee. kii lokpriyata mein bahut vriddhi hui, aksar badey sedan aur station vaigan kii lokpriyata kii keemat parr.
haal hii mein, chhote aiss. yuu. vee., madhyam aakar aur crossover teji seey lokpriya hoe gaye hain. aiss. yuu. vee. aiss. vartamaan mein duniya kaa sabse badaa motor vaahan khand haye aur 2021 mein duniya key yatri kaar bajar mein iska 45.9% yogdan haye.
paryaavaran aur suraksha seey sambandhit vibhinn karanon seey aiss. yuu. vee. kii aalochana kii gaee haye. aam taur parr unaki eendhan dakshata cumm hoti haye aur unhein chhote vaahanon kii tulanaa mein nirmaan key liye adhik sansadhanon kii aavashyakta hoti haye, joe jalavaayu parivartan aur paryaavaran ksharan mein adhik yogdan detaa haye. 2010 aur 2018 key beach aiss. yuu. vee. duniya bhar mein carbon utsarjan mein vaishvik vriddhi mein dusare sabse badey yogadankarta they. unake gurutvaakarshan kaa uchch kendra unake rollover key jokhim koo badhaata haye. unakaa badaa dravyamaan unake rukane kii doori koo badhaata haye, drishyata koo cumm kartaa haye, aur takkar mein anya sadak upayogkartaon koo nuksan pahunchaata haye. unaki uchch front-aind profile unhein paidal chalane vaalon koo maarne kii cumm seey cumm doguni sambhavana banaati haye. isake alawa, way joe suraksha pradaan karate hain, vaha chalakon koo cumm savdhani seey gaadi chalaane key liye prabhaavit kartaa haye.
paribhaashaaen.
khel upayogita vaahan kii koee saarvbhaumik roop seey sweekrit paribhasha naheen haye. shabdakosh, motor vaahan visheshagya aur patrakaar media aur aam janata donon dwara upayog key kshetriya bhinnataon key alawa alag-alag shabdon aur paribhaashit visheshtaon kaa upayog karate hain. vaahan udyog bhee aiss. yuu. vee. kii ack paribhasha parr sahmat naheen huaa haye.
vaastavik shabd "khel upayogita vaahan" 1980 key dashak key anta taka vyaapak roop seey lokpriya upayog mein naheen aaya thaa. isase pahale, aise vaahanon koo chaar-pahiya drive, jeep, station vaigan yaa anya shabdon key roop mein vipanan kiya jaataa thaa.
americi angreji.
suv key baare mein motor vaahan websites key vivaran vishesh roop seey "kursi-oonchaai vaali seeten aur chitra-khidki drishyata" key saath "sthir off-road kshamata key saath kaar jaisi niyuktiyon aur vaigan vyavharikta key sanyojan" seey laker adhik samanya "upalabdh aul-wheel drive aur unnat ground clearance key saath lagbhag kuchh bhee" taka hain. yeh bhee sujhaav diyaa jaataa haye kii sadak seey baahar key vaahanon key liye ack samanya shabd key roop mein "suv" shabd ney "jeep" koo badal diyaa haye.
aiss. yuu. vee. aiss. key liye americi shabdakosh kii paribhashaon mein shamil hainh
british angreji.
british angreji mein, aam taur parr "khel upayogita vaahan" key bajaay "4x4" (uchchaaran "chaar-chaar"), "jeep" yaa "off-road vaahan" shabdon kaa upayog kiya jaataa haye. landan key chelsey key shahari nivaasiyon key saath vaahanon kii kathit lokpriyata aur kisaanon dwara upayog kiye jaane vaale vaahanon key saath unaki samaantaa key kaaran apmaanjanak shabd "chelsey tractor" kaa bhee aamtaur parr upayog kiya jaataa haye. haalaanki, 2020 key dashak mein united kingdam mein aiss. yuu. vee. shabd kaa upayog shuru hoe gayaa haye.
collins inglish dictionary" ack khel upayogita vaahan koo "chaar-pahiya drive key saath ack shaktishali vaahan key roop mein paribhaashit kartaa haye jise khurdari jameen parr chalaaya jaa sakata haye. sankshipt naam aiss. yuu. vee. kaa aksar upayog kiya jaataa haye."
anya desh.
europe mein, suv shabd kaa upayog aam taur parr sadak-unmukh vaahanon key liye kiya jaataa haye, jise europeeya aayog dwara "jey-segment" key roop mein varnit kiya gayaa haye. "chaar-seey-chaar" yaa vaahan kaa brand naam aamtaur parr sadak-unmukh vaahanon key liye upayog kiya jaataa haye. isi tarah, newzealand mein, sadak key baahar upayog key liye design kiye gaye vaahanon koo aamtaur parr aiss. yuu. vee. aiss. key bajaay "chaar-pahiya drive" key roop mein sandarbhit kiya jaataa haye.
sarkari niyam.
sanyukt raajya america mein, kaee sarkari niyamon mein kewal "off-highway vaahanon" key liye shreniyan hain jinhen shithil roop seey paribhaashit kiya jaataa haye aur aksar aiss. yuu. vee. (pickup trucks aur minivan key saath) koo halke trucks key roop mein vargeekrit kiya jaataa haye. udaaharan key liye, corporate ausat eendhan arthavyavastha (kaife) niyamon mein pahale trucks kii paribhasha mein "yatri leey jaane kii matra kii tulanaa mein adhik maal-wahan kshamata kii anumati" shamil thee, jisake parinamswarup aiss. yuu. vee. koo halke trucks key roop mein vargeekrit kiya gayaa thaa.
trucks key roop mein iss vargeekaran ney eendhan arthavyavastha key liye oorjaa neeti aur sanrakshan adhiniyam aur utsarjan key liye swachchh vayu adhiniyam key tahat yatri kaaron kii tulanaa mein aiss. yuu. vee. koo cumm sakhti seey viniyamit karane kii anumati dee. haalaanki, 2004 key baad seey, sanyukt raajya paryaavaran sanrakshan agency (ee. pee. aeye.) ney khel upayogita vaahanon koo mandand pradushakon key liye kaaron key samaan telpipe utsarjan manakon key saath rakhna shuru curr diyaa, halanki greenhouse gais utsarjan manakon key roop mein naheen kyonki way 2010 taka nirdhaarit naheen kiye gaye they. 2011 mein, kaife niyamon koo chhoti, dou-pahiya-drive suv koo yatri kaaron key roop mein vargeekrit karane key liye badal diyaa gayaa thaa.
haalaanki, sanyukt raajya america mein licenses aur yatayat pravartan niyam raajya seey raajya mein bhinn hotey hain, aur ack aiss. yuu. vee. koo kuchh raajyon mein kaar key roop mein vargeekrit kiya jaa sakata haye lekin anya raajyon mein ack truck key roop mein. udyog utpaadan aankadon key liye, aiss. yuu. vee. kii ginati halke truck utpaad khand mein kii jaati haye.
bhaarat mein, sabhi aiss. yuu. vee. koo bhaaratiya vaahan nirmaataon (siyam) kii paribhashaon key anusaar "upayogita vaahan" shreni mein vargeekrit kiya gayaa haye aur 27 pratishat utpaad shulk lagata haye. joe lambe hain, jinake paas ground clearance key saath injan yaa usase badaa haye, way 30 pratishat utpaad shulk key adheen hain.
australia mein, yatri kaaron kii tulanaa mein cumm ayaat shulk honey seey aiss. yuu. vee. bikri mein madad millie. janwari 2010 taka, aiss. yuu. vee. yatri kaaron key liye 10 pratishat kii tulanaa mein 5 pratishat ayaat shulk key adheen they.
visheshataaen.
chessis.
adhikansh yatri kaaron key unibody nirmaan mein parivartit honey key kaee varshon baad, adhikansh suv ney ack halke truck, vaanijyik vaahan, pickup truck, yaa off-road vaahan seey chessis parr adharit honey key kaaran ack alag boddy-onn-frame vidhi kaa upayog karna jaari rakhaa.
pahali badey paimaane parr utpaadit unibody chaar-pahiya-drive yatri kaar russie 1955 gaz-aim20 pobeda aim-72 thee, jise pahali crossover kaar maanaa jaa sakata haye. 1977 laada niva pahala off-road vaahan thaa jisamen ack unibody nirmaan aur ack kundal-sprung swatantra front suspension donon kaa upayog kiya gayaa thaa. apekshaakrit compact niva koo crossover suv kaa poorvavarti maanaa jaataa haye aur yeh purnakaalik chaar-pahiya drive, cumm-doori kii gearing aur lock karane yogya kendra antar key saath ack hatchback jaisi yatri kaar boddy koo jodati haye.
phir bhee, 1984 kii jeep cheroki (xj) key pesh kiye jaane aur bikri mein safal honey taka unibody suv durlabh rahey. 1993 kii jeep grand cheroki kii shuruat key parinamswarup sabhi jeep suv model mein unibody nirmaan kaa upayog kiya gayaa, jisamen kaee anya brand 1990 key dashak key madhya seey iska anusaran curr rahey they. aaj, utpaadan mein adhikansh aiss. yuu. vee. ack unibody nirmaan kaa upayog karate hain aur apekshaakrit cumm model boddy-onn-frame nirmaan kaa upayog karna jaari rakhate hain.
shareer shally.
aiss. yuu. vee. aamtaur parr station vaigan key samaan dou-boxes design key hotey hain. injan kaa dibba saamane haye, usake baad ack sanyukt yatri/malvahak kshetra haye (ack sedan key vipareet, jisamen ack alag trunk/boot dibbe haye).
lagbhag 2010 taka, kaee aiss. yuu. vee. model dou-darwaaje vaali shareer shailiyon mein upalabdh they. taba seey, nirmaataon ney dou-darwaaje vaale model koo bund karna shuru curr diyaa kyonki chaar-darwaaje vaale model adhik lokpriya hoe gaye.
kuchh dou-door suv upalabdh hain, jaise kii boddy-onn-frame suzuki jimmi, toyota laind cruiser prado, ford bronco aur jeep rangler key saath-saath renz rover evoke crossover suv.
suraksha.
aiss. yuu. vee. mein aam taur parr uchch ground clearance aur ack lamba shareer hotaa haye. isake parinamswarup dravyamaan kaa ack uchch kendra banata haye, jisase aiss. yuu. vee. roll-over durghatanaon key liye adhik pravan hoe jaate hain. 2003 mein, aiss. yuu. vee. koo niyamit kaaron kii tulanaa mein durghatana mein ludhakane kii 2.5 gunaa adhik sambhavana key roop mein uddhrit kiya gayaa thaa aur anya kaaron kii tulanaa mein aiss. yuu. vee. chhaton key yaatriyon parr girane kii adhik sambhavana thee, jisake parinamswarup yaatriyon koo nuksan huaa.
1991 aur 2001 key beach, sanyukt raajya america mein khel-upayogita vaahan rollover seey honey vaali mauton mein 150% kii vriddhi dekhi gaee. 2001 mein, halanki kull vaahan durghatanaon mein kewal 3 pratishat roll-over they, lekin durghatanaon mein 30 pratishat seey adhik savaar logon kii maut hoe jaati thee; aur durghatanaon mein jahaan vaahan palat gayaa thaa, 2000 key dashak kii shuruat mein anya kaar yaatriyon kii tulanaa mein suv savaaron key maare jaane kii sambhavana lagbhag teen gunaa adhik thee. gurutvaakarshan key uchch kendra vaale vaahan kabhi-kabhi swedish upabhokta patrika technicanes worled dwara aayojit chaal-chalan key moos pareekshan mein whiffle hoe jaate hain, udaaharan key liye, 1997 mercedez-benz aeye-class aur 2011 jeep grand cheroki.
1990 key dashak aur 2000 key dashak kii shuruat mein aiss. yuu. vee. kii badhati lokpriyata aanshik roop seey kharidaaron key yeh samajhane key kaaran thee kii aiss. yuu. vee. apane badey aakar aur oonchi sawari kii oonchaai key kaaran rahane vaalon key liye adhik suraksha pradaan karate hain. anya sadak upayogkartaon kii suraksha key sambandh mein, aiss. yuu. vee. koo yuu. seey chhoot dee gaee haye.aiss. yeh kahate hue kii ack yatri kaar bumper koo jameen key oopar key kshetra kii raksha karni chaahiye. yeh aksar ack aiss. yuu. vee. key saath takkar mein doosari kaar koo nuksan pahunchaata haye, kyonki prabhaav doosari kaar parr ack uchch sthaan parr hotaa haye. 2000-2001 mein, 60 pratishat ghaatak dushprabhaav takkaren way theen jahan doosara vaahan ack suv thaa, joe 1980-1981 mein 30 pratishat seey adhik thaa.
electronic sthirata niyantran aur rollover shaman kii shuruat key saath-saath rollover key jokhimon key badhate vishleshan ney 2015 mein aaee. aaee. aich. aiss. koo yeh report karane key liye prerit kiya kii "2011 model key liye prati million panjikrit vaahan varshon mein 5 kii rollover mrityu darr 2004 model key mukabale ack chauthai seey bhee cumm haye. aiss. see. key saath rollover jokhim koo naatakiya roop seey cumm karane key saath, aiss. yuu. vee. aiss. key adhik aakar, vajan aur oonchaai dwara pradaan kiye jaane vaale antarnihit laabh adhik spasht roop seey ubharate hain. aaj key aiss. yuu. vee. mein kissy bhee prakaar key vaahan key chaalak kii mrityu darr sabse cumm haye."
saikil chalakon aur paidal chalane vaalon key liye gambhir roop seey ghayal honey yaa yahaan taka kii aiss. yuu. vee. chalakon dwara maare jaane key uchch khatare ney shahari kshetron mein aiss. yuu. vee. key khilaf kuchh saarvajanik virodh kaa kaaran banaa haye. 2020 mein, yuu. aiss. dwara ack adhyayan.aiss.-adharit aaee. aaee. aich. ney paaya kii mishigan mein teen shahari kshetron seey 79 durghatanaon key namoone mein seey aiss. yuu. vee. aiss. ney kaaron kii tulanaa mein adhik gambhir chotein pahunchaain jaba prabhaav adhik thaa. aaee. aaee. aich. ney nott kiya kii adhyayan kaa namuna aakar chhota thaa aur adhik shodh kii aavashyakta haye. aiss. yuu. vee. aiss. kii lokpriyata ney yuu. aiss. mein paidal chalane vaalon kii mauton mein vriddhi mein yogdan diyaa.aiss. 2010 key dashak key dauran, anya karakon key saath-saath jaise vichalit aur nashe mein gaadi chalaana.
paryaavaran parr prabhaav.
aiss. yuu. vee. mein aam taur parr chhoti kaaron kii tulanaa mein cumm eendhan dakshata hoti haye, aur iss prakaar paryaavaran ksharan aur global warming mein adhik yogdan detaa haye.
aiss. yuu. vee. prati varsh lagbhag 700 megaton carbon dioxide kaa utsarjan karate hain, ack gais joe global warming seey judee hui haye. antarrashtriya oorjaa agency key anusaar, 2010 seey aiss. yuu. vee. vaishvik utsarjan mein vriddhi mein doosara sabse badaa yogadankarta rhaa haye, joe kewal bijli kshetra key baad doosara sthaan haye.
2010 aur 2018 key beach yatri kaaron seey tail kii maang mein prati dinn 33 laakh bairal kii vriddhi key liye aiss. yuu. vee. jimmedaar they, jabaki chhoti kaaron mein dakshata sudhaar seey prati dinn 20 laakh bairal seey adhik kii bachat hui, jisamen electric kaaron ney tail kii maang koo prati dinn 100,000 bairal seey cumm curr diyaa.
jabaki aiss. yuu. vee. koo vidyuteekrit kiya jaa sakata haye, yaa hydrogen sahit vibhinn prakaar key vaikalpik indhanon parr chalaane key liye parivartit kiya jaa sakata haye, unakaa (nirmaan) utsarjan hamesha chhoti electric kaaron kii tulanaa mein badaa hoga. ausatan, aiss. yuu. vee. madhyam aakar kii kaaron kii tulanaa mein lagbhag ack chauthai adhik oorjaa kii khapat karate hain. isake alawa, inmein seey adhikansh vaahanon koo vaikalpik eendhan kaa upayog karane key liye parivartit naheen kiya jaataa haye.
2010 aur 2018 key beach aiss. yuu. vee. duniya bhar mein carbon utsarjan mein vaishvik vriddhi mein dusare sabse badey yogadankarta they.
aiss. yuu. vee. key prakaar.
crossover suv.
crossover suv" khand (jise "coves" yaa buss "crossover" key roop mein bhee jaanaa jaataa haye) 2010 key aspas seey teji seey lokpriya hoe gayaa haye. crossover aksar ack yatri kaar key saath saajha kiye gaye munch parr adharit hotey hain, jisake parinamswarup, unake paas aam taur parr behtar aaraam aur eendhan kii bachat hoti haye, lekin pickup truck-adharit suv kii tulanaa mein cumm off-road kshamata (kaee crossover aul-wheel drive key binaa beche jaate hain) hoti haye.
crossover aur anya aiss. yuu. vee. key beach key antar koo kabhi-kabhi ack unibody platform (adhikansh yatri kaaron dwara upayog kiye jaane vaale prakaar) kaa upayog karke banaae jaa rahey crossover key roop mein paribhaashit kiya jaataa haye, jabaki ack aiss. yuu. vee. koo boddy-onn-frame platform (off-road vaahanon aur halke trucks dwara upayog kiye jaane vaale prakaar) kaa upayog karke banaaya jaataa haye. haalaanki, yeye paribhaashaaen aksar vyavhaar mein dhundhali hoe jaati hain, kyonki unibody vaahanon koo aksar aiss. yuu. vee. aiss. key roop mein bhee jaanaa jaataa haye. isake alawa, crossover ack apekshaakrit halia shabd haye aur praarambhik unibody suv (jaise kii 1984 jeep cheroki) koo shayed hii kabhi crossover kahaa jaataa haye. inn visangatiyon key kaaran, aiss. yuu. vee. shabd kaa upayog aksar crossover aur aiss. yuu. vee. aiss. donon key liye ack catch-aul key roop mein kiya jaataa haye.
sanyukt raajya america key baahar, crossover shabd kaa upayog see-segment (compact) yaa chhote vaahanon key liye kiya jaataa haye, jisamen badey unibody vaahan-jaise kii mercedez-benz jee. ell. aiss-class, bmw aiks 7 aur renz rover-aamtaur parr crossover key bajaay aiss. yuu. vee. aiss. key roop mein sandarbhit hotey hain. united kingdam mein, ack crossover koo kabhi-kabhi ack hatchback model key roop mein paribhaashit kiya jaataa haye jisamen sawari kii oonchaai aur suv jaisi styling suvidhaaen hoti hain.
mini aiss. yuu. vee.
aiss. yuu. vee. aiss. kaa sabse chhota aakar varg "mini aiss. yuu. vee" haye. japan mein, aiss. yuu. vee.-jaise kii mitsubishi pajero mini-kei kaar shreni mein shamil hain aur isaliye cumm curr aakarshit karate hain.
mini aiss. yuu. vee. key roop mein label kiye gaye kaee haal key vaahan takniki roop seey sub-compact crossover hain aur ack sub-compact (jise supermini yaa bee-segment bhee kahaa jaataa haye) yatri kaar key platform parr banaae gaye hain.
compact aiss. yuu. vee..
compact aiss. yuu. vee". mini aiss. yuu. vee. aiss. key baad agala badaa aakar kaa varg haye.
compact aiss. yuu. vee. key roop mein label kiye gaye kaee haal key vaahan takniki roop seey compact crossover hain aur ack compact (see-segment) yatri kaar key platform parr banaae gaye hain.
madhyam aakar aiss. yuu. vee..
agale badey aakar koo "madhyam aakar kaa suv" kahaa jaataa haye. kuchh madhyam aakar key aiss. yuu. vee. yatri kaaron key saath saajha kiye gaye platforms parr adharit hotey hain aur isaliye, crossover hotey hain. anya madhyam aakar key aiss. yuu. vee. compact yaa madhyam aakar key pickup parr adharit hotey hain.
poorna aakar aiss. yuu. vee..
poorna aakar key aiss. yuu. vee. aam taur parr utpaadit aiss. yuu. vee. kaa sabse badaa aakar haye. kuchh, jaise kii ford abhiyaan, aur shevrole taaho, koo unaki off-road kshamataon key liye vipanan kiya jaataa haye, aur anya, jaise kii linken navigator aur cadillac escalade, koo lakjari vaahanon key roop mein vipanan kiya jaataa haye. jabaki kuchh poorna aakar key aiss. yuu. vee. samarpit platforms parr banaae gaye hain; adhikansh apane platforms koo poorna aakar key pickup key saath saajha karate hain.
vistaarit-lambai aiss. yuu. vee..
kuchh uttari americi aiss. yuu. vee. ack poorna aakar key aiss. yuu. vee. key lambe shareer vaale sanskaran key roop mein upalabdh hain, jise ford abhiyaan ell aur sheverlet upnagariya kii tarah "vistaarit-lambai aiss. yuu. vee" kahaa jaataa haye. atirikt lambai kaa upayog peechhe key yaatriyon yaa maal key liye atirikt jagah pradaan karane key liye kiya jaataa haye. poorna aakar key aiss. yuu. vee. key anusaar, adhikansh vistaarit-lambai key aiss. yuu. vee. samarpit platforms, poorna aakar key pickup yaa bhaari-shulk vaale pickup parr banaae jaate hain.
vistaarit-lambai vaale aiss. yuu. vee. jyaadaatar uttari america mein beche jaate hain lekin cumm sankhya mein anya baajaron mein bhee niryaat kiye jaa sakate hain.
koope sue.
dhalaan vaali pichhali chhaton key saath kuchh aiss. yuu. vee. yaa crossover koo "koop crossover aiss. yuu. vee. aiss" yaa "koop aiss. yuu. vee. aiss" key roop mein vipanan kiya jaataa haye, bhale hii unake paas yaatriyon kii seeton taka pahunch key liye chaar side darwaaje houn aur cargo kshetra taka pahunch key liye rear hatch houn.
itihas.
1930 seey 1948 taka.
dwiteeya vishva yuddh seey thheek pahale aur usake dauran, sedan yaa station vaigan-prakaar key nikaayon aur oobad-khabad, off-road saksham chaar-wheel drive chessis key saath sainya kaaron key prototype aur cumm matra mein utpaadan key udaaharan duniya bhar mein dikhaai dene lagey. inn shuruati models mein japan seey 1936 kurogen prakaar 95, roose seey 1938 gaz-61 key saath-saath 1941 wolkswagen commanderswagen aur germany seey 1936 opel gelandsportwagen shamil they. aadhunik aiss. yuu. vee. key design kaa ack praarambhik poorvavarti 1940 kii humber bhaari upayogita thee, joe humber super snippe yatri kaar kii chessis parr banaaya gayaa ack chaar-pahiya-drive off-road vaahan thaa.
aiss. yuu. vee. jaisi kaar kii sambhaavit nagrik lokpriyata key liye sabse nishedhaatmak praarambhik kaarak unaki laagat aur kuchh mahatvapurna purjon kii upalabdhata thee. yuddh seey pahale, ack kaar mein chaar-pahiya drive jodane seey isaki laagat lagbhag doguni hoe gaee. ack samanya, peechhe-pahiya drive vaahan kii tulanaa mein, kissy bhee 4doubleudy (chaar-pahiya drive) koo kaee aavashyak atirikt ghatakon kii aavashyakta hoti haye, jisamen ack sthanantaran cases, ack doosara antar, aur sanchaalit saamane key axel key liye nirantar-gati jodd shamil hain-joe iss aavashyak vinirmaan gear aur anya vishesh bhaagon mein shamil sateekta key kaaran mahange they. vishva vaariyon seey pahale, inca utpaadan sanyukt raajya america mein seemit utpaadan kshamata vaali kewal kuchh vishesh farmon dwara kiya jaataa thaa. yuddh key prayason key liye purjon kii maang mein vriddhi key kaaran, 1942 key vasant mein ford, dozz aur sheverlet ney inn bhaagon koo badey paimaane parr banaane mein shamil hoe gaye, jisase unakaa utpaadan 100 gunaa seey adhik badh gayaa.
iss shabd kaa praarambhik upayog 1947 kaa crossley cc phore sport utility model thaa, jisamen ack parivartaniya vaigan boddy style kaa upayog kiya gayaa thaa aur isaliye baad key suv key design seey iska koee sambandh naheen haye.
1949 seey 1970 key dashak taka.
carrie-aul vaigan key kaee model chaar-pahiya drive key saath pesh kiye jaane lagey, jisaki shuruat 1949 mein hui jaba villies jeep station vaigan ney chaar-pahiya drive kaa vikalp pesh kiya. 1955 mein sheverlet upnagariya key chaar-pahiya-drive sanskaran pesh kiye gaye, isake baad 1956 mein antarrashtriya harvester travelol (pahale poorna-aakar suv key roop mein shreya diyaa jaataa haye) aur 1957 mein power vaigan town vaigan pesh kiya gayaa.
jeep seeje key pratiyogi key roop mein vikasit, compact antarrashtriya harvester scout koo 1961 mein pesh kiya gayaa thaa, joe dou yaa chaar-pahiya drive aur vibhinn prakaar key injan vikalpon kii peshkash kartaa haye. kataai scout ney kaee anya vikalp pradaan kiye jinhen kaee upayogon key liye grahakon kii ack vistrit shrinkhala koo aakarshit karane key liye design kiya gayaa thaa. 1963 kii jeep wagner (esje) ney ack parishkrit station vaigan boddy design pesh kiya joe bajar mein kissy bhee anya chaar-pahiya-drive vaahan kii tulanaa mein adhik kaar jaisa thaa. 1967 toyota laind cruiser fj55 station vaigan laind cruiser off-road vaahan kaa pahala aaraam-unmukh sanskaran thaa. dou-darvaajon vaalaa sheverlet key5 blazer (aur sambandhit jee. aim. see. key5 jimmi) 1969 key liye pesh kiya gayaa thaa, aur dou-darvaajon vaalaa antarrashtriya harvester scout II 1971 mein pesh kiya gayaa thaa. pahala europeeya lakjari off-road vaahan 1970 renz rover classic thaa, jise onn-road aur off-road donon upayog key liye ack lakjari kaar key roop mein vipanan kiya gayaa thaa.
1972 mein japan mein subaru leone 4doubleudy vaigan pesh kiya gayaa thaa, jise off-road vaahan key roop mein naheen, balki front-wheel-drive passenger kaar key ack sanskaran key roop mein design kiya gayaa thaa. kuchh logon kaa tark haye kii yeh pahala aiss. yuu. vee. thaa. ise baad key aiss. yuu. vee. aiss. kii tarah gharelu bajar mein ack vaanijyik vaahan key roop mein bhee vargeekrit kiya gayaa thaa.
aiss. yuu. vee. shabd kaa pahala praasangik upayog poorna aakar kii 1974 jeep cheroki (aiss. jey.) key vigyaapan vivaranikaon mein kiya gayaa thaa, jisamen vaahan key vivaran key roop mein "khel (oun) upayogita vaahan" shabdon kaa upayog kiya gayaa thaa. 1966 key ford bronco mein ack "khel upayogita" model shamil thaa; haalaanki, iss mamle mein iska upayog dou-darwaaje vaale pickup truck sanskaran key liye kiya gayaa thaa.
vaaj-2121 (abb naamit laada niva kinvadanti) 1977 mein kuchh baajaron mein pahali badey paimaane parr bajar 4doubleudy unibody kaar thee. 1979 mein uttari americi bajar mein pesh kii gaee amc eagle, aur aksar pahali badey paimaane parr bajar "crossover" kahaa jaataa haye, halanki usa samay usa shabd koo naheen gadhaa gayaa thaa. truck yaa upayogita-vaahan adharit designs aur graameen kshetron key liye nirmit niva key vipareet, american motors corporation (aeye. aim. see.) ney lambe samay seey seva dene vaale maujooda kaar platform kaa upayog kiya aur ack naee swachaalit purnakaalik aeye. doubleu. dee. pranali taiyar kii. aeye. aim. see. eagle koo ack yatri kaar key roop mein vikasit kiya gayaa thaa joe sedan, koop aur station vaigan boddy shailiyon mein kaee aaraam, vilasita aur suvidha suvidhaon kii peshkash kartaa haye. yeh sabse pahale aeye. doubleu. dee. key saath ack badhe hue yatri-kaar platform parr "aiss. yuu. vee. styling" key saath thaa."" "chaar pahiya" "patrika ney aeye. aim. see. eagle koo" "kaaron kii ack naee peedhi kii shuruat" "key roop mein varnit kiya.
1980 seey 1990 key dashak taka.
compact aakar kii 1984 jeep cheroki (xj) koo aksar iss shabd kii aadhunik samajh mein pahale aiss. yuu. vee. key roop mein shreya diyaa jaataa haye. chaar-pahiya drive key liye unibody nirmaan kaa upayog usa samay advitiya thaa aur nae cheroki kaa vajan bhee cumm hoe gayaa thaa. yeh shahari parivaaron koo bhee aakarshit kartaa haye kyonki iska aakar adhik saghan haye (poorna aakar key vagoner aur pichhali peedhi key cheroki esje model kii tulanaa mein) aur saath hii saath station vaigan jaisa ack alishan interior haye. jaise-jaise naee cheroki ack badee bikri safalata bunn gaee, pahali baar rashtriya press mein "khel upayogita vaahan" shabd kaa upayog kiya jaane lagaa. "aeye. aim. see./jeep key compact chaar darvaajon vaale cheroki key aagaman aur tatkaal safalata ney truck udyog koo ulat diyaa."
yuu.aiss. corporate ausat eendhan arthavyavastha (kaife) maanak jise eendhan key upayog koo cumm karane key liye 1975 mein pesh kiya gayaa thaa, lekin isamen "halke trucks" key liye niyamon mein dheel dee gaee thee taaki vyavsaayon koo kaary vaahanon key liye atirikt karon kaa bhugtan karane seey bachaa jaa sakey. isane ack khaamiyan paida curr dee jiska nirmaataon ney 1980 key dashak key baad seey teji seey shoshan kiya (jisane saste gasoline kaa yug shuru kiya), jisamen aiss. yuu. vee. koo curr riyaayaten aur cumm sakht eendhan arthavyavastha aavashyaktaon koo praapt karane key liye yatri vaahanon key roop mein unake praathamik upayog key bavjood halke trucks key roop mein vargeekrit kiya gayaa thaa. udaaharan key liye, sanyukt raajya paryaavaran sanrakshan agency apane nirmaata kii pairavi key baad naee jeep cheroki koo ack halke truck key roop mein vargeekrit karane key liye sahmat hui; phir company dwara cheroki koo ack yatri vaahan key roop mein vipanan kiya gayaa. isase aiss. yuu. vee. mein teji aaee kyonki anya nirmaataon ney apani niyamit kaaron seey bikri lene vaale compact cheroki key jawab mein apane swayam key aiss. yuu. vee. pesh kiye.
1994 mein yuu.aiss. paryaavaran sanrakshan agency ney vaahanon koo "bajar varg" dwara vargeekrit karna shuru kiya. 1994 mein aiss. yuu. vee. key liye unamen teen jeep model, cheroki, grand cheroki aur rangler shamil they. dou ford model bronco aur explorer they. chhah samanya motor model jinamen jee. aim. see. jimmi, yucon aur upnagariya 1500 shamil hain; sheverlet upnagariya 1500, aur blazer (1500 aur aiss10); jio tracker (parivartaniya yaa vaine); aur anta mein purana mobile brewada. suv key roop mein vargeekrit gyaarah japani model they toyota 4 runner aur laind cruiser; honda passport; nissan pathpradarshak; mazada navajo; mitsubishi montero; isuzu emigo, rodio aur trooper; aur suzuki samurai aur sidekick. europe seey teen laind rover model, renz rover, defender aur khoj koo aiss. yuu. vee. aiss. key roop mein vargeekrit kiya gayaa thaa.
1996 key anta taka "consumer digest" patrika iss pravritti koo "aiss. yuu. vee craze" kaha rahee thee, aur 1999 taka yuu.aiss. pahali baar aiss. yuu. vee. aur halke trucks kii bikri niyamit yatri kaaron kii bikri seey adhik rahee.
2000 key dashak mein.
2003 taka, yuu parr 76 million aiss. yuu. vee. aur halke truck they.aiss. sadaken, sadak parr lagbhag 35 pratishat vaahanon kaa pratinidhitva karati hain.
kaar nirmaata iss khand mein adhik laabh key kaaran anya prakaar kii kaaron kii tulanaa mein suv bikri koo badhaava dene key liye utsuk they. ack aiss. yuu. vee. koo laabh margine yaa usase adhik key saath becha jaa sakata haye (ford bhraman key mamle mein prati aiss. yuu. vee.), jabaki compact kaaron koo aksar prati kaar kuchh sou dollar key nuksan parr becha jaataa thaa. natijatan, kaee vinirmaan sanyantron koo kaar utpaadan seey aiss. yuu. vee. utpaadan mein parivartit curr diyaa gayaa (jaise kii 1996 mein arlington, texas mein samanya motor sanyantra), aur kaee lambe samay seey chala rahey yuu.aiss. sedan model bund curr diye gaye they.
2000 key dashak key madhya seey 2010 taka, yuu.aiss. eendhan kii badhati kimaton aur phir arthavyavastha mein girawat key kaaran aiss. yuu. vee. aur anya halke trucks kii bikri mein girawat aaee. 2008 seey 2010 taka, general motors ney chaar assembly sanyantron koo bund curr diyaa joe aiss. yuu. vee. aur trucks kaa utpaadan curr rahey they. 2010 mein aiss. yuu. vee. aiss. aur halke trucks kii bikri mein sudhaar shuru huaa, kyonki eendhan kii kimaton mein kamee aaee aur uttari americi arthavyavastha mein sudhaar huaa.
2010 seey 2020 taka.
2019 mein, antarrashtriya oorjaa agency (aaee. ee. aeye.) ney bataaya kii 2010 key baad seey sadak parr aiss. yuu. vee. aiss. aur crossover kii vaishvik sankhya chhah gunaa badh gaee-35 million seey 200 million vaahan, aur dashak key anta mein duniya bhar mein naee halki-vaahanon kii bikri mein unaki bajar hissedari 40 pratishat taka badh gaee haye.
2013 taka, chhote aur compact aiss. yuu. vee. badhkar teesara sabse badaa bajar khand bunn gayaa thaa. 2000 key dashak kii shuruat seey, vyaapak darshakon koo aakarshit karane key liye nae sanskaran pesh kiye gaye hain, jaise kii crossover aur anya chhote aiss. yuu. vee.. 2013 mein general motors key badey suv model kii bikri mein kaafee vriddhi key saath badey suv bhee lokpriya baney rahey.
2015 mein, aiss. yuu. vee. kii vaishvik bikri ney "nimn madhyam kaar" khand koo peechhe chhod diyaa, joe sabse badaa bajar khand bunn gayaa, joe 2015 mein "halke vaahan" kii bikri kaa 22.9% thaa. agale varsh, duniya bhar mein aiss. yuu. vee. kii bikri mein 22 pratishat kii aur vriddhi hui. duniya key sabse teji seey badhate aiss. yuu. vee. bajar theh chean (+ 47.9%), itali (+ 48.6%), spen (+ 42%), purtagaal (+ 54.8%), aur thyland (+ 56.4%). 2016 mein aiss. yuu. vee. khand vaishvik yatri kaar bajar kaa 26 pratishat taka badh gayaa, phir 2017 kii teesari timahi mein bajar kaa 36.8% hoe gayaa.
yuu mein.aiss. 2016 key anta mein, aiss. yuu. vee. aur halke shulk vaale trucks kii bikri ney varsh key liye paaramparik kaar bikri koo 30 laakh seey adhik ikaaiyon seey paar curr liya thaa. nirmaataon ney sedan model key utpaadan koo charanbaddh tareeke seey samaapt karna jaari rakhaa, unhein aiss. yuu. vee. aiss. key nae model key saath pratisthaapit kiya.
2010 key dashak mein lakjari brandon ney teji seey aiss. yuu. vee. yaa crossover model pesh kiye hain. udaaharan key liyeh rolls-royce kalinan, bentley bentega, ast martin dee. bee. aiks., maserati levante, lamborghini urus aur ferrari purosangyu.
2019 mein yuu key aiss. yuu. vee. aiss. ney yuu. key 47.4% koo banaaya.aiss. sedan key liye kewal 22.1% kii tulanaa mein bikri.
motorsport.
aiss. yuu. vee. ney vibhinn off-road racing pratiyogitaon mein bhaag liya haye, jaise dakaar raili, baajaa 1000, fiya cross-country raili vishva cup, king off dha hammer aur australiyai safari. aiss. yuu. vee. ney trophy andros aais-racing shrinkhala mein bhee bhaag liya haye.
upnaam.
aiss. yuu. vee. key liye kaee apmaanjanak yaa apmaanjanak shabd ack samriddh upnagar naam aur "tractor" key sanyojan parr adharit hain, vishesh roop seey lakjari brandon key mahange vaahanon key liye. udaharanon mein "tourak tractor" (melburn, australia), "chelsey tractor" (landan, ingland) aur "remuera tractor" (ockland, newzealand) shamil hain. yeye shabd iss siddhant seey sambandhit hain kii samriddh aiss. yuu. vee. maalikon dwara chaar-pahiya chaalan kshamataon kii aavashyakta naheen haye, aur aiss. yuu. vee. koo vyaavhaarik karanon key bajaay sthiti prateek key roop mein kharida jaataa haye.
norwey mein, shabd ('stock exchange tractor') ack samaan uddeshya koo puuraa kartaa haye. neetherland mein, aiss. yuu. vee. koo kabhi-kabhi "pee" kahaa jaataa haye.see. vishesh pee key baad hooft-tractor.see. hooftstrat amsterdam shopping street.
vaanijyik aiss. yuu. vee. aiss.
ack vaanijyik aiss. yuu. vee. ack aiss. yuu. vee. yaa crossover haye, jiska upayog vaanijyik uddeshyon key liye kiya jaataa haye. yeh shreni panel trucks key samaan haye kyonki sheverlet upnagariya (ack aiss. yuu. vee.) mein panel truck sanskaran they, jinka upayog vaanijyik uddeshyon key liye kiya jaataa thaa.
pahala aiss. yuu. vee. jaisa vaahan jisake vaanijyik sanskaran they, vaha sheverlet upnagariya panel truck thaa. americi nirmaataon dwara panel trucks kaa nirmaan 1970 key dashak key anta taka kiya gayaa thaa.
jabaki europeeya nirmaataon dwara nirmit panel truck durlabh they, off-road vaahanon key vaanijyik sanskaran bahut aam they, laind rover ney laind rover aur defender key vaanijyik sanskaranon kaa nirmaan kiya. vaanijyik aiss. yuu. vee. karkhane seey nirmit hotey hain aur unamen seey adhikansh swatantra roopaantaran naheen hotey hain, jiska arth haye kii unhein dealership aur shoroom seey kharida jaa sakata haye.
europe mein vaanijyik vaahanon key roop mein upayog kiye jaane vaale suv key udaharanon mein shamil hainh citron see5 aircross vaanijyik suv, laind rover kii khoj, decia duster flica aur mitsubishi pajero.

