
kanada praant kii sansad

kanada praant kii sansad kanada praant key liye vidhaayika thee, joe kanada paschim (poorv mein oopari kanada, baad mein ontario) aur kanada poorv (poorv mein nichala kanada, baad mein quebeck) key dou kshetron seey bunny thee.
sansad kaa nirmaan.
kanada kaa praant british sansad key ack adhiniyam, "sangh kaa adhiniyam 1840" dwara banaaya gayaa thaa, jise kanada key governor general, lord sidenham dwara 10 farwari, 1841 seey prabhaavi ghoshit kiya gayaa thaa. iss adhiniyam ney nichale kanada aur oopari kanada key dou praanton koo ack hii praant mein ekjut kiya, jisamen ack hii sansad thee. nichale kanada aur oopari kanada kii sansadon koo samaapt curr diyaa gayaa thaa. nichale kanada kaa naam badalkar kanada poorv curr diyaa gayaa aur oopari kanada kaa naam badalkar kanada paschim curr diyaa gayaa, lekin donon kshetra kewal prashaasnik prabhaag they. unake paas alag sarkaaren naheen theen. nichale kanada aur oopari kanada donon mein 1837-1838 key vidrohon key jawab mein, british uttari america key mamalon parr apani report mein lord durham dwara sangh kii sifarish kii gaee thee.
sansad kii sanrachana.
naee sansad mein british samrat shamil they, jinka pratinidhitva governor general dwara kiya jaataa thaa; nirvaachit nichala sadan, vidhaan sabhaa aur niyukt oopari sadan, vidhaan parishad. naee sansad key paas "kanada praant kii shaanti, kalyan aur achchi sarkaar" key liye kaanoon banaane kii samanya shakti thee, basharte kii kanada key kaanoon british kaanoonon key saath sangharsh naa karein joe praant parr lagu hotey hain.
vidhansabha koo kanada poorv aur kanada paschim seey samaan pratinidhitva kii aavashyakta thee, bhale hii kanada poorv kii aabaadi kaafee adhik thee. 1840 mein, kanada key poorv kii jansankhya 670,000 anumaanit thee, jabaki kanada key paschim kii jansankhya 480,000 anumaanit thee. lord durham ney iss drishtikon kii sifarish naheen kii thee, aur isake bajaay prastaav diyaa thaa kii pratinidhitva donon kshetron kii sambandhit aabaadi parr adharit honah chaahiye. british sarkaar ney usa sifarish koo khariz curr diyaa aur isake bajaay samaan pratinidhitva koo lagu kiya, jahira taur parr nae praant kii angreji bolane vaali aabaadi koo praantiya sarkaar mein ack pramukh aavaaj dene key liye, francisi bhashi aabaadi koo aatmasaat karane key lakshya koo aage badhaaya.
adhiniyam ney vidhaan parishad key aakar koo nirdhaarit naheen kiya, kewal yeh pradaan karate hue kii isamen cumm seey cumm bees sadasya shamil honey chaahiye, jinhen jeevan bhar key liye niyukt kiya gayaa thaa. apani praarambhik niyuktiyon mein, lord sidenham ney chaubis sadasyon koo niyukt kiya.
chunaav aur yogyataaen.
pahala chunaav sangh seey pahale oopari kanada aur nichale kanada mein lagu chunaav kaanoonon dwara shaasit thaa.
matdan kaa adhikaar.
vidhansabha key chunaavon mein matdan kaa adhikaar 21 varsh aur usase adhik ayu key purush british vishayon (janm, prakritikkaran yaa vijay aur samarpan dwara) taka seemit thaa. unhein sampatti kii yogyata bhee poori karni thee. graameen kshetron mein, kewal chaalees shilling yaa usase adhik key shuddh vaarshik moolya kii bhoomi key malik hii matdan karane key hakdar they. kasbon aur kasbon mein, matdan kaa adhikaar una logon taka seemit thaa jinake paas cumm seey cumm paanch pound sterling key vaarshik moolya kaa awas ghar aur bhoomi thee, yaa una logon key liye joe duss pound sterling kii vaarshik darr seey apana awas ghar kiraaye parr lete they aur chunaav seey pahale cumm seey cumm ack saal taka shahar yaa basti mein rahey they. jinn vyaktiyon koo rajdroh yaa aparaadh key liye doshi thaharaaya gayaa thaa, unhein matdan seey baahar rakhaa gayaa thaa.
vidhaan sabhaa key liye yogyata.
kewal 21 varsh aur usase adhik ayu key purush british praja (janm, prakritikkaran yaa vijay aur samarpan dwara) vidhansabha key chunaav key liye paatr they. paadari varg key sadasya, chaahe way protestant houn yaa roman catholic, koo vidhansabha key chunaav seey roque diyaa gayaa thaa, jaisa kii way vyakti they jinhen rajdroh yaa aparaadh key liye doshi thaharaaya gayaa thaa. vidhaan parishad key sadasya vidhaan sabhaa key sadasya naheen hoe sakate they.
vidhansabha key sadasyon koo ack sampatti yogyata koo puuraa karna thaa, joe matdan key liye sampatti yogyata seey kaafee adhik thee. unhein kiraaye, shulk, bandhak aur bojh seey adhik paanch sou pound sterling key shuddh moolya kii achal sampatti kaa malik honah aavashyak thaa.
apani seeten lene seey pahale, vidhansabha key sadasyon koo british samrat key prati nishtha kii shapath lenny thee.
vidhaan parishad key liye yogyata.
vidhaan parishad key sadasyon kii ayu 21 varsh yaa usase adhik honey chaahiye thee, aur janm yaa prakritikkaran seey ack british vishay honah chaahiye thaa. governor general ney vidhaan parishad key sadasyon koo niyukt kiya, joe aajivan pada parr rahey, jaba taka kii koee sadasya istifa naa dey yaa kissy videshi shakti kii anupasthiti yaa paalan key kaaran seat khaali ghoshit naheen kii gaee.
apani seeten lene seey pahale, vidhaan parishad key sadasyon koo british samrat key prati nishtha kii shapath lenny thee.
chunaav kaa sanchaalan.
vidhansabha key liye chunaav pratyek chunavi jile key liye ack ritt jaari karke shuru kiye gaye they. pratyek nirvaachan jile mein ack sthaaniya nirvaachan adhikaari dwara chunaav aayojit kiye gaye they. yadi ack seey adhik ummidwar naamit kiye jaate hain, tou nirvaachan adhikaari nirvaachan jile mein ack kendriya sthaan parr matdan karega. matadaata matdan sthal parr aatey they, aur saarvajanik roop seey apani pasand key ummidwar koo vote dete they, jise matdan clerk dwara matdaataon key naamon key khilaf ack matdan pustak mein darj kiya jaataa thaa. nirvaachan adhikaari sabse adhik maton vaale ummidwar koo nirvaachit ghoshit karega. pratyek chunavi jile key liye nirvaachan adhikaari, chansari mein taaj key clerk koo ritt kii vaapsee bhejega.
sansadiya sarkaar.
baithak aur avadhi.
governor general dwara prati varsh cumm seey cumm ack baar sansad bulaai jaani thee. vidhaan sabhaa key chunaav harr chaar saal mein honey they, joe governor general dwara pahale bhang kiye jaane key adheen they. governor general ney sansad koo sthagit karane kii shakti bhee barkarar rakhee.
karyakari sarkaar.
haalaanki lord durham ney sifarish kii thee kii british sarkaar key sansthaan key liye jimmedaar sarkaar, sansad key liye jimmedaar karyakari parishad key sadasyon key saath, british sarkaar ney iss prastaav koo khariz curr diyaa. karyapalika kaa niyantran shuru mein governor general key paas rhaa. governor general dwara niyukt ack karyakari parishad thee, lekin governor general koo unaki salah parr kaary karane kii aavashyakta naheen thee. unhone akele apani pahal parr karyakari shaktiyon kaa prayog karane kii kshamata koo banaae rakhaa.
bilon kaa aarakshan aur asweekriti.
governor general key paas vidhaan sabhaa aur vidhaan parishad dwara paarit vidheyakon koo manjuri dene, manjuri dene seey incar karane yaa samrat dwara vichaar key liye ack vidheyak aarakshit karane kii shakti thee. yadi koee vidheyak aarakshit thaa, tou usey landan bheja gayaa, jahan sarkaar yeh taya karegi kii kyaa vidheyak koo lagu honey diyaa jaanaa chaahiye. british mantrimandal samrat koo salah dega kii shaahi sahamati dee jaae yaa naheen. yadi samrat ney manjuri dey dee, tou vidheyak lagu hoe gayaa. yadi shaahi sahamati seey incar curr diyaa jaataa haye, tou vidheyak kabhi bhee kaanoon naheen bunn jaataa haye.
bhale hii governor general ney manjuri dey dee hoe, british sarkaar ney kaanoon koo aswikar karane kii shakti banaae rakhee. governor general kii manjuri key baad sabhi krityon koo aupaniveshik karyalaya mein bheja jaanaa thaa. british sarkaar samrat koo adhiniyam kii praapti key baad dou saal taka kissy bhee samay kissy adhiniyam koo aswikar karane kii salah dey sakati haye. yadi kissy adhiniyam koo aswikar curr diyaa gayaa thaa, tou governor general dwara vidhansabha aur vidhaan parishad koo anumati naa dene kii salah dene kii tarikh seey iska prabhaav bund hoe gayaa thaa.
raajneetik dall.
iss samay ummidwar praarambhik raajneetik dalon seey shithil roop seey sambaddh they, lekin party sanrachana majboot naheen thee, aur kanada poorv aur kanada paschim mein alag-alag party samooh they. nae praant key shuruati varshon mein, pramukh raajneetik bahas sarkaar key sthaaniya niyantran parr thee. kanada key poorv mein chatto gutt aur kanada key paschim mein parivaar key samooh jaise samoohon ney british sarkaar dwara niyukt governor general kii shakti kaa samarthan kiya aur britten seey nirdesh liye. unake virodhiyon, jinhen vibhinn naamon seey jaanaa jaataa haye jaise kii sudharakon, party deshbhakt, aur samooh kanadian-fraansaus, ney britten mein hii upayog kii jaane vaali jimmedaar sarkaar kii pranali key tahat sarkaar key sthaaniya niyantran key liye tark diyaa.
vidhaayi satra.
sansad key itihas mein aathh baar baithak aayojit kii gaee theeh
1 julaai 1867 koo kanada key praant key kanadai sangh mein pravesh key baad, kanada praant kii sansad kaa astitva samaapt hoe gayaa. kyonki kanada kaa nayaa desh ack sangh thaa, sansad kii shaktiyon koo sarkaar key staron key beach vibhajit kiya gayaa thaa. isaki dhaara 91 shaktiyaan kanada kii vartamaan sansad koo saunpi gaeen, jabaki isaki dhaara 92 shaktiyaan ontario kii vartamaan sansad (kanada paschim key liye) aur quebeck kii vidhaayika (kanada poorv key liye) koo saunpi gaeen.
viraasat.
sansad aam taur parr 1859 mein kaanoon key sambandh mein kaanoon koo samhitaabaddh karane key apane prayason key liye ullekhaniya haye, jisamen "kanada key samekit kaanoonon", "nichale kanada key liye samekit kaanoonon" aur "oopari kanada key liye samekit kaanoonon" key adhiniyaman key saath; aur vishesh roop seey 1866 mein "nichale kanada key nagrik sanhita" key paarit honey key liye.
sansad dwara kiye gaye karyon key kaee prabhaav aaj bhee mahsoos kiye jaa sakate hain. aiss key tahat. samvidhaan adhiniyam, 1867" key 129 mein, kanada key poorv praant key adhiniyamon mein sanshodhan yaa nirsan karane key liye ontario aur cubec kii vidhaanmandalon kii kshamata parr seemaaen rakhee gaee hain. jahaan iss tarah key adhiniyam ney poorv praant mein ack nigamit nikaay kaa nirmaan kiya, tou niji parishad kii nyaayik samiti ney maanaa kii aise nikaayon key paas "praantiya uddeshya" naheen hoe sakate hain aur kewal kanada kii sansad koo aise krityon seey nipatane kii shakti thee. yeh maanaa gayaa haye kii yeh pratibandh oopari aur nichale kanada mein samaan roop seey lagu honey vaale kissy bhee adhiniyam key liye maujood haye, joe taba samasyagrast hoe gayaa jaba "nichale kanada key nagrik sanhita" koo "quebeck key nagrik sanhita" dwara pratisthaapit kiya gayaa thaa.