
sabse murkhtapurna

dow. ernest fooks (janm ernest leslie fooks, 6 octuber 1906-4 disambar 1985) ack prabhaavshaali europeeya-prashikshit vastukar they jinhone dwiteeya vishva yuddh seey thheek pahale shahar mein pravaas karane key baad australia mein vastukala, nagar yojana aur design shiksha aur melburn key saanskritik jeevan mein mahatvapurna yogdan diyaa thaa.
praarambhik jeevan.
unakaa janm 1906 mein chekoslovakia key bratislava mein ernest futch key roop mein huaa thaa, jaba yeh austriya-hangri kaa hissa thaa. unakaa parivaar 1908 mein vienna chalaa gayaa, jahan unhone vienna takniki vishvavidyalaya mein vastukala kaa adhyayan kiya, nagar niyojan mein ack pramukh key saath takniki vigyaan mein doctorate kii upaadhi poori kii, aur 1932 mein apana khud kaa vastukala abhyaas khola. charam yahudi-virodh kaa saamana karate hue, 1939 mein way kanada key raaste australia chaley gaye, jahan unhone apani latvian mool kii patni noemi matusevic seey shaadi kii. way aprail mein melburn pahunche, aur unhone jald hii victoria key navjat awas aayog key saath ack nagar yojnakar key roop mein ack pada praapt kiya. 1944 mein unhein melburn takniki mahavidyalaya (abb royal melburn praudyogiki sansthaan) mein nagar yojana mein pahala vyakhyata niyukt kiya gayaa thaa. 1945 mein way ack australiyai nagrik bunn gaye aur unhone apana naam angreji mein nakali curr liya. teen saal baad unhone victoria key awas aayog seey istifa dey diyaa aur apana abhyaas shuru kiya. agast 1948 mein unhein british vastukaron key shaahi sansthaan kaa sahayogi chunaa gayaa aur baad mein unhein yahudi kalaa samaaj kaa adhyaksh chunaa gayaa.
pramukh prabhaav aur design drishtikon.
fooks australiyai vastukala mein antarrashtriya aadhunik andolan key ack pramukh prastaavak they. apane samkaaleen robbin boyd kii tarah, fooks koo pramukh imaraton koo design karane key apekshaakrit cumm avsar mille aur vaha apani kaee aavaasiya pariyojanaon key liye jaane jaate hain. 1950 seey, unaki firm ney melburn key purvi upnagaron mein aur usake aspas chaalees seey adhik apartment blocks koo design kiya. 1950 key dashak key madhya taka, unaki pratha kaa vistaar collins street mein laa ronde aabhushan kii dukaan, melburn cbd, footscrey mein capri aspresso baar aur pradarshani sent mein saarvajanik nyasi bhawan sahit vaanijyik pariyojanaon koo lene key liye huaa.
apartment imaaraten.
fooks ney safal shahari yojana mein apartment koo rahane kii aavashyakta key roop mein dekhaa. unaki pustak "exrey dha siteeh dha density diagram, bases forr urban planning" 1946 mein prakaashit hui, jisamen aich dwara ack prastaavana thee.see. yuddh key baad key punarnirmaan mantralaya key mahanideshak, combs ney apane vichaaron koo pradarshit kiya aur yuddh key baad melburn mein nirmaan aur paryaavaran key baare mein apani chintaon koo vyakt kiya. aadhi sadee seey bhee adhik samay baad isi mudde koo sweekaar karane vaale sarkari kaanoon seey kaafee pahale, way shahari ghanatva mein vriddhi key mudde parr charcha karane vaale pahale vyakti they. fooks ney kahaa kii akele ghanatva kharaab shahari jeevan sthitiyon key liye jimmedaar naheen thaa, balki shahari jeevan kii gunavatta samajik aarthik karakon, samudayik jeevan aur gunavattapurna awas aur avkash key liye khule sthaanon taka pahunch seey sambandhit thee.
praarambhik ghar, 1948-53.
fooks ney vyaktigat aur atyadhik rachanaatmak designs key saath vaastushilp mahatva key gharon kaa nirmaan kiya, joe scandinavian aur europeeya aadhunik design key pahaluon key saath vishleshanatmak yojana koo jodate hain aur paaramparik japani vastukala key siddhanton koo shamil karate hain. fooks kii aavaasiya vastukala teen alag-alag charanon seey gujri, jinamen seey pahala paaramparik roopon aur parishkaranon key madhyam seey yuddh key baad kii tapasya koo vyakt kartaa haye. fooks key shuruati gharon mein ack aam aur seedhi shabdawali thee jisamen saade chehare kii cream yaa peele rung kii eenton kaa kaam, buniyaadi koolhe yaa gable terracotta kii chhatein aur saral dohare morche vaale agrabhag shamil they. haalaanki yeye praarambhik design roop mein saral they, lekin fooks ney parishkrit adhuniktawadi vichaaron aur visheshtaon koo pesh karna shuru curr diyaa thaa. kyu (1948) mein unake sternberg ghar koo "saur niyantran key siddhanton" parr design kiya gayaa thaa aur isamen lagbhag poori oonchaai vaali khidakiyan, chamkile darwaaje aur udaar pakki chhat vaale kshetra shamil they.
madhya avadhi, 1954-59.
fooks key madhya kaal ney ack antarrashtriya aadhunik shally kaa pradarshan kiya, jisaki visheshta cumm-aavaaz, sapaat aur titali kii chhatein, aur boxes jaise roopon key bolled dravyamaan hain joe eenton key anta mein thhos aur rikt sthaanon key hadataali sthaan banaane key liye prakshepit aur peechhe hutt jaate hain aur patthar kaa kaam karate hain. uttar mein colfield (1955) mein unakaa seb kaa ghar dou manjila sapaat chhat vaalaa ghar thaa, jisamen udaar khidakiyan theen, aur cream eent kii divaaron koo ack chaudi patthar seey dhaki chimani aur saral lekin suruchipurna dhaatu key ballstrades seey pahali manjil kii balkani aur chhat kii chhat taka raahat millie.
baad kii avadhi, 1960 key baad.
anta mein, fooks kii paripakva, nyuntam shally kii visheshta kushal sanrachanaatmak roop, samagri kaa ack cumm pallet, kaanch kii udaar matra aur sunder roop seey saral vivaran they. unaki gharelu pariyojanaon mein jatil aur saavdhaanipoorvak vistrit bahu-stariya khuli yojana jeevan aur soch-samajhkar aspas key paridrishyon kaa nirmaan shamil thaa. unakaa lancell aar. dee. house (1963) jodon mein uchch star kii shilp kaushal key liye saundarya mahatva kaa haye aur taha aur sliding screen aur antarnihit sagaun furniture aur cabinatory mein samaapt hotaa haye.
fooks ney uttar mein colfield mein 32 howitt road parr apane aur noemi key liye ack ghar banaaya.
unhone canbara mein rashtriya yahudi smaarak kendra aur samudayik suvidha kii ruprekha taiyar kii, joe 1971 mein poori hui thee.
viraasat.
fooks kaa 4 disambar 1985 koo 79 varsh kii ayu mein nidhan hoe gayaa. vaarshik ernest fooks smaarak puraskar kii sthaapana vastukala design mein utkrishtata key liye melburn vishvavidyalaya dwara unake sammaan mein kii gaee thee. 1989 mein colfield kalaa parisar mein "swadeshi vastukala kii khoj aur prashansa" sheershak seey ack purvavyaapi pradarshani aayojit kii gaee thee.
puraskar.
turak mein lancell road parr sthit addams house koo 1966 mein australiyai house aind garden patrika dwara varsh kaa parivarik ghar chunaa gayaa thaa.

