
broadman kshetra 10

broadman kshetra 10 (bee. aeye. 10, frontopolar prefrontal cortex, rostrolateral prefrontal cortex, yaa poorvavarti prefrontal cortex) maanav mastishk mein prefrontal cortex kaa sabse poorvavarti hissa haye. bee. aeye. 10 koo mool roop seey isake cytoarchitectonic lakshnon key sandarbh mein vyaapak roop seey paribhaashit kiya gayaa thaa kyonki way shavon key mastishk mein dekhe gaye they, lekin kyonki aadhunik karyatmak imaging inn seemaon koo sateek roop seey pehchaan naheen sakati haye, shabdon kaa upayog agravarti prefrontal cortex, rostral prefrontal cortex aur frontpolar prefrontal cortex kaa upayog frontal cortex key sabse poorv bhaag mein kshetra koo sandarbhit karane key liye kiya jaataa haye joe lagbhag bee. aeye. 10 koo cover kartaa haye-buss iss tathya parr jore dene key liye kii bee. aeye. 10 mein prefrontal cortex key "sabhi" bhaag shamil naheen hain.
bee. aeye. 10 maanav mastishk kaa sabse badaa cytoarchitectonic kshetra haye. ise "maanav mastishk key sabse cumm samajhe jaane vaale kshetron mein seey ack" key roop mein varnit kiya gayaa haye. vartamaan shodh seey pataa chalata haye kii yeh smriti smaran aur vibhinn karyakari karyon mein ranneetik prakriyaon mein shamil haye. maanav vikas key dauran, iss kshetra mein karyon key parinamswarup mastishk key baaki hisson key saapeksh iska vistaar huaa.
shareer rachana vigyaan.
aakar.
maanav bee. aeye. 10 kii matra lagbhag 14 semi3 haye aur yeh kull mastishk kii matra kaa lagbhag 1.2% haye. yeh maanav aakar key mastishk key saath ack hominoid mein apeksha kii gaee tulanaa mein doguna haye. tulanaa mein, bonobos mein bee. aeye. 10 kii matra lagbhag 2.8 semi3 haye, aur isake mastishk kii matra kaa kewal 0.74% haye. pratyek golardh mein, kshetra 10 mein anumaanit 250 million neurons hotey hain.
sthaan.
bee. aeye. 10 mastishk prantstha key koshika-vastukala roop seey paribhaashit agra kshetra kaa ack upkhand haye. yeh oopari agravarti garrus aur madhya agravarti garrus key sabse adhik rostral bhaagon parr kabja curr letaa haye. manushyon mein, golardh key madhya pahalu parr yeh uchchatar rostral sulcus dwara nilay roop seey ghiraa huaa haye. yeh singulate sulcus taka naheen failata haye. cytoarctectural roop seey yeh dorsali granular frontal kshetra 9, madhya frontal kshetra 46 dwara kaudalali aur kakshiya kshetra 47 dwara ventrally aur rostral kshetra 12 yaa, broadman key cortical maanchitra (broadman-1909) key praarambhik sanskaran mein, prefrontal broadman kshetra 11-1909 seey ghiraa huaa haye.
kshetra 10 khopadi key havaa seey bharey frontal sinus key neeche sthit haye, jisamen 2009 taka seemit electrophysiology anusandhaan haye.
saamane key khambhe seey sambandh.
manushyon mein prefrontal cortex key saamane key dhruv kshetra mein naa kewal kshetra 10 shamil haye, balki baa 9 kaa hissa bhee shamil haye. baa 10 bhee dhruv kshetra seey parey apane ventromedial paksh mein failata haye. gwenon bandaron mein, dhruv kshetra baa 12 seey bharaa hotaa haye (aur iska baa 10 kakshiya poorv-agra kshetra mein paaya jaataa haye).
cytoarchitecture.
manushyon mein kshetra 10 kii chhah cortical paraton koo "ullekhaniya roop seey sajaatiya roop" key roop mein varnit kiya gayaa haye. una sabhi kii aasaani seey pehchaan kii jaa sakati haye. ack dusare key saapeksh, parat i chaudaai mein patali seey madhyam hoti haye joe kshetra 10 kii gaharaai kaa 11 pratishat taka hoti haye. parat II patali hoti haye aur isamen chhote danedar aur pyramidal madhyam seey gahare rung kii koshikaaen hoti hain (nisl steining key sandarbh mein) joe aar. aine. aeye. aur dee. aine. aeye. koo rangati hain. sabse chaudi parat III haye. isake pyramidal neurons neeche kii parat IV kii tulanaa mein uparokt parat II key karib chhote hotey hain. parat II kii tarah isaki koshikaaen madhyam seey gahare rung kii hoti hain. paraten II aur III prantstha kii gaharaai kaa 43 pratishat banaati hain. parat IV mein paraton key saath spasht seemaaen hain joe oopar aur neeche hain aur yeh patali haye. isaki koshikaaen dhundhali seey madhyam hoti hain. parat v chaudi haye aur isamen dou alag-alag upastar, va aur vb hain. koshikaon kaa ghanatva vee. bee. kii tulanaa mein adhik hotaa haye aur isamen gahara daag hotaa haye. paraten IV aur V courtical motai kaa 40 pratishat banaati hain. parat v key neeche aur safed padaarth key oopar kii parat vi mein gahare pyramidal aur fuciform neurons hotey hain. yeh 10 motai vaale kshetra kaa 6 pratishat yogdan detaa haye.
kshetra 10 nikatvarti broadman 9 seey alag haye kyonki baad vaale mein ack adhik alag parat vb aur adhik pramukh parat II haye. kshetra 10 kii tulanaa mein padosi broadman kshetra 11 mein ack patali parat IV hoti haye jisamen adhik pramukh paraten va, vb aur ii hoti hain.
manushyon mein kshetra 10 mein primate mastishk key beach neuron ghanatva sabse cumm hotaa haye. yeh bhee asamanya haye kii isake neurons mein vishesh roop seey vyaapak dendritic arberisation hotaa haye aur dendritic spine key saath atyadhik ghaney hotey hain. iss sthiti kaa sujhaav kaee kshetron seey input key ekikaran koo saksham karane key liye diyaa gayaa haye.
upa-kshetra.
baa 10 koo teen upa-kshetron, 10pee, 10 meater aur 10aar mein vibhajit kiya gayaa haye. 10 pee
saamane key dhruv parr kabja curr letaa haye jabaki anya dou poorv-saamane vaale prantstha key ventromedial hisse koo cover karate hain. kshetra 10 meater mein patali paraten hain II aur IV aur ack adhik pramukh parat v. isake vipareet, kshetra 10 aar mein ack pramukh parat II aur ack motee parat IV hoti haye. badee pyramidal koshikaaen bhee 10 aar parat III mein maujood hoti hain aur isase bhee adhik kshetra 10 pee mein hoti hain. lekin yeh dhyaan diyaa jaataa haye kii "teenon key beach antar
halanki, kshetra kramik hain aur unake beach tej seemaaen kheenchana mushkil haye. madhya frontopolar (kshetra 10 meater) cortex mein anya frontal lobe kshetron key saapeksh cumm paravalbumin-aur calbindin-immunoriactive neurons bhee hotey hain, vishesh roop seey orbitofrontal cortex mein kshetra 14 aur pee. aff. see. mein kshetra 46.
connection.
primates parr shodh seey pataa chalata haye kii kshetra 10 mein anya uchch-crum sangh prantstha kshetron key saath input aur output connection hain, vishesh roop seey prefrontal prantstha mein, jabaki praathamik samvedi yaa motor kshetron key saath kuchh hain. charam capsule key madhyam seey isake connection ise uchchatar laukik sulcus key shravan aur bahusamvedi kshetron seey jodate hain. way uchchatar laukik garrus (kshetra taa, tss2, aur tss3) parr uchchatar laukik garrus kshetron key safed padaarth mein madhya anudairdhya faasikulas mein aur uchchatar laukik sulcus (tpo) key oopari tata parr aas-paas key bahusamvedi kshetron mein bhee jaari rahate hain. charam capsule key madhyam seey judaa ack anya kshetra insul kaa nilay kshetra haye. singulate faasikulas link kshetra 10 key madhyam seey poorvavarti, pashch singulate cortex aur purvavyaapi cortex key madhyam seey connection. binaa kissy faasikulas key kaaran yeh amigdala, temporopolar proisocortex aur uchchatar temporal gyrus key poorv bhaag seey judataa haye. parietal cortex, ausipital cortex aur naa hii infrotemporal cortex seey koee sambandh naheen haye.
isake connections koo sankshep mein iss prakaar prastut kiya gayaa haye kii "aisaa lagata haye kii yeh 'downstream' kshetron key saath usa tarah seey aapas mein judaa huaa naheen haye jaise anya poorvavarti kshetra hain. .. yeh ekmatra poorv-agravarti kshetra haye joe mukhya roop seey (aur sambhavatah vishesh roop seey) pee. aff. see., poorvavarti laukik prantstha aur singulate prantstha mein supramodal prantstha key saath aapas mein judaa huaa haye."yeh prastaavit kiya gayaa haye kii iss sampark key kaaran yeh" paryaavaran kii amodal, amoort, vaichaarik vyakhya praapt karane key liye drishya, shravan aur shaaririk samvedi pranaliyon seey aaney vaali jaankaari key uchchatam star key ekikaran mein ack pramukh bhoomika nibha sakata haye.. aur amoort soochana prasanskaran koo prabhaavit karane aur kaee sangyanatmak sanchaalan key parinamon key ekikaran mein rostral prefrontal cortex kii sujhaae gaye bhoomika key liye shaaririk aadhar hoe sakata haye.
vikas.
catarina semendeferry aur unake sahyogiyon ney sujhaav diyaa haye kii "hominid vikas key dauran, kshetra 10 mein kuchh vikas hue.. badalaavah ack mein samagr aakar mein kaafee vriddhi shamil haye, aur dusare mein connectivity mein ack vishisht vriddhi shamil haye, vishesh roop seey anya uchch-crum sangh kshetron key saath."
homo fluoresciences" kii khopadi key ander seey liye gaye kapaal antasth ootak saamane key dhruviya kshetra mein ack vistaar dikhaate hain joe isake broadman kshetra 10 mein vistaar kaa sujhaav dete hain.
kaary.
haalaanki yeh kshetra manushyon mein vyaapak haye, lekin isake kaary koo bahut cumm samajha jaataa haye. koechlin aur hyafil ney prastaav diyaa haye kii 'sangyanatmak shakha' kaa prasanskaran frontopolar cortex kaa mukhya kaary haye. sangyanatmak shakha ack poorv mein chala rahey kaary koo ack lambit raajya mein banaae rakhane mein saksham banaati haye taaki baad mein punarpraapti aur chala rahey kaary key puuraa honey parr nishpaadan kiya jaa sakey. hamaare kaee jatil vyavhaaron aur mansik gatividhiyon key liye ack saath kaee karyon kii aavashyakta hoti haye, aur way sujhaav dete hain kii poorvavarti poorvavarti prantstha inn anusuchana sanchaalan mein ack domen-general kaary curr sakati haye. iss prakaar, frontopolar cortex badley key kaaryasheel smriti key model mein kendriya karyakari key saath visheshtaon koo saajha kartaa haye. haalaanki, anya parikalpanaaen bhee prastaavit kii gaee hain, jaise kii berges aur anya.". yeye limbic pranali key prabhaav koo bhee dhyaan mein rakhate hain, jisase frontopolar cortex ventromedial prefrontal cortex key madhyam seey judaa hotaa haye. 2006 key ack metaa-vishleshan mein paaya gayaa kii rostral prefrontal cortex kaaryasheel smriti, episodic smriti aur ekaadhik-kaary samanvaya mein shamil thaa.
iss kshetra koo nirnay lene mein bhee shamil kiya gayaa haye, isase pahale kii nirnay sachet jagrukta key liye upalabdh hoe 

