suee telegraph

suee telegraph ack vidyut telegraph haye joe sanket detaa haye kii suee sandeshon koo pradarshit karane key apane saadhan key roop mein vidyut chumbakiya roop seey sthanantarit hoti haye. yeh dou mukhya prakaar key vidyut chumbakiya telegraph mein seey ack haye, doosara armature system haye, jaisa kii sanyukt raajya mein saimuel morse key telegraph dwara udaaharan diyaa gayaa haye. unnisvin shatabdi key dauran europe aur british samrajya mein suee telegraph kaa vyaapak roop seey upayog kiya jaataa thaa.
1820 mein huns christian orsted dwara yeh pataa lagaane key turant baad suee telegraph kaa sujhaav diyaa gayaa thaa kii vidyut dhaaraaen kampas kii suiyon koo vikshepit curr sakati hain. wavell skilling ney dhaage seey nilambit suiyon kaa upayog karke ack telegraph vikasit kiya. yeh sarkari upayog key liye roose mein sthaapana key liye thaa, lekin ise lagu karane seey pahale 1837 mein shilling kii mrityu hoe gaee. carle friedrich goss aur wilhelm edward webber ney ack telegraph kaa nirmaan kiya jiska upayog vishvavidyalaya sthalon key beach vaigyaanik adhyayan aur sanchaar key liye kiya jaataa thaa. carle august wonn steinhill ney vibhinn german railway parr upayog key liye goss aur webber key bajaay bojhil upkaran koo anukoolit kiya.
ingland mein, villium fothergill cook ney shuru mein skilling key design parr adharit telegraph kaa nirmaan shuru kiya. charles wheatstone key saath, cook ney bahut behtar design kaa utpaadan kiya. ise kaee railway companiyon dwara liya gayaa thaa. 1846 mein gathit cook kii electric telegraph company ney pahali saarvajanik telegraph seva pradaan kii. vidyut telegraph company aur unake pratidvandiyon key suee telegraph sanyukt raajya mein unnisvin shatabdi key behtar hisse key liye telegraph kaa maanak roop they. 1870 mein britten mein morse telegraph key aadhikarik maanak banane key baad bhee unakaa upayog jaari rhaa. kuchh abhee bhee beesavin shatabdi mein achchi tarah seey upayog mein they.
praarambhik vichaar.
suee telegraph kaa itihas 21 aprail 1820 koo huns christian orsted dwara prakaashit aitihaasik khoj key saath shuru huaa, kii ack vidyut pravaah ney paas key compass kii suee koo vikshepit kiya. lagbhag turant, anya vidvaanon ney mahsoos kiya kii iss ghatana mein ack vidyut telegraph banaane kii kshamata haye. yeh sujhaav dene vaalaa pahala francisi ganitshastri piyare-saiman lapless thaa. 2 octuber koo, lapless key sujhaav parr kaary karate hue, andrey-mairi ampere ney iss vichaar parr ack pepper peris academy off sciences koo bheja. ampere (saiddhaantik) telegraph mein varnamala key pratyek akshar key liye taaron kii ack jodee thee, jisamen ack keyboard thaa, taaki yeh niyantrit kiya jaa sakey kii kaun see jodee battery seey judee hui thee. praapt karane key anta mein, ampere ney taaron key neeche chhote chumbak (suiyaan) rakhe. ampere kii yojana mein chumbak parr prabhaav bahut kamjor hotaa kyonki usane current key chumbakiya prabhaav koo gunaa karane key liye suee key chaaron or ack kundal mein taar naheen banaaya thaa. johann schwegger ney pahale seey hii iss tarah key gunak kaa upayog karke galvanometer (sitambar mein) kaa aavishkaar kiya thaa, lekin ampere koo yaa tou abhee taka khabar naheen millie thee, yaa vaha telegraph key liye isake mahatva koo mahsoos karane mein whiffle rhaa thaa.
peater barlo ney ampere key vichaar kii jaanch kii, lekin socha kii yeh kaam naheen karega. 1824 mein unhone apane parinam prakaashit karate hue kahaa kii kampas parr prabhaav gambhir roop seey cumm hoe gayaa thaa "kewal 200 feat taar key saath. barlo aur usa samay key anya prakhyaat shikshaavidon, joe unase sahmat they, kii telegraph key vikas mein deree key liye kuchh lekhakon dwara aalochana kii gaee thee. ampere key kagaj koo padhane aur pahale vidyut chumbakiya telegraph key nirmaan key beach ack dashak beet gayaa.
vikas.
skilling telegraph.
yeh 1829 taka naheen thaa kii telegraph suiyon parr schwegger shally gunak lagaane kaa vichaar leapsig mein gustave theoder fetchner dwara prastaavit kiya gayaa thaa. ampere kii yojana kaa paalan karate hue, fetchner ney leapsig koo dresden seey jodane key liye pratyek akshar (german varnamala mein chaubis) key liye ack jodee taaron kaa bhee sujhaav diyaa. 1830 mein grate britten key shaahi sansthaan key villium richi ney fetchner key vichaar koo apanaaya thaa. richi ney siddhant key pradarshan key roop mein ack vyakhyan kaksh mein chalane vaale taaron key chhattis jode kaa upayog kiya. iss beach, roose mein pavel skilling ney swegger gunak kaa upayog karke telegraph kii ack shrinkhala kaa nirmaan kiya. skilling ney vidyut rasayanik telegraph vikasit karane seey suee telegraph mein badalane kii sahee tarikh gyaat naheen haye, lekin hammel kaa kahana haye kii unhone 1825 mein mrityu honey vaale zaar alekjendar koo praarambhik vikas mein ack dikhaaya. 1832 mein, skilling ney vyaavhaarik upayog key liye pahali suee telegraph (aur kissy bhee prakaar kaa pahala vidyut chumbakiya telegraph) vikasit kiya. zaar nicolaus pratham ney sent koo jodane key liye ack pariyojana shuru kii. chronstad key saath pietersberg ney shilling key telegraph kaa upayog kiya, lekin 1837 mein shilling kii mrityu parr ise radd curr diyaa gayaa.
skilling kii yojana mein kuchh kamiyaan theen. haalaanki isamen ampere dwara prastaavit yaa richi dwara upayog kiye jaane vaale taaron kii tulanaa mein bahut cumm taaron kaa upayog kiya gayaa thaa, 1832 mein unake pradarshan mein abhee bhee aathh taaron kaa upayog kiya gayaa thaa, jisase pranali koo bahut lambi doori parr sthaapit karna mahanga hoe gayaa thaa. skilling kii yojana mein chhah suee upkaranon key ack baink kaa upayog kiya gayaa thaa joe unake beach varnamala key ack akshar kaa pratinidhitva karane vaale dwiaadhaari code koo pradarshit karate they. shilling ney ack code taiyar kiya jisase akshar code koo ack suee upkaran parr kramik roop seey bheja jaa sakata thaa, lekin unhone paaya kii ganmaanya vyaktiyon ney chhah suee vaale sanskaran koo adhik aasaani seey samajhane key liye telegraph kaa pradarshan kiya. bahu-suee telegraph parr sancharan kii gati bahut dheemi thee, shayed prati minut chaar varnon key roop mein cumm, aur ekal-suee sanskaran parr bhee dheemi thee. iska kaaran mukhya roop seey yeh thaa kii shilling ney ack cup paaraa mein platinum paddle key saath suee kii gati koo dheema karke unhein gambhir roop seey adhik badhaa diyaa thaa. suee koo ack resham dhaage seey gunaa karane vaale parr latkaakar lagaane kii skilling kii vidhi mein bhee vyaavhaarik kathinaaiyaan theen. upayog seey pahale upkaran koo saavdhaanipoorvak samtal kiya jaanaa thaa aur upayog key dauran ise sthanantarit yaa baadhit naheen kiya jaa sakata thaa.
goss aur webber telegraph.
1833 mein carle friedrich goss aur wilhelm edward webber ney gottingen vishvavidyalaya mein apani prayogshala aur vishvavidyalaya khagoliya vedhshala key beach lagbhag dedh meal door ack prayogaatmak suee telegraph sthaapit kiya, jahan way prithvi key chumbakiya kshetra kaa adhyayan curr rahey they. iss line mein chhat kii oonchaai seey oopar key stambhon parr tambe key taaron kii ack jodee thee. way jiss praapt karane vaale upkaran kaa upayog karate they vaha ack parivartit prayogshala upkaran thaa, jisamen seey tathaakathit suee ack pound vajan kaa ack badaa baar chumbak thaa. 1834 mein, unhone chumbak koo aur bhee bhaari chumbak seey badal diyaa, joe vibhinn roop seey 25,30 aur 100 pound key roop mein bataaya gayaa. chumbak itani bariki seey chalaa gayaa kii ack doorbeen koo darpan dwara pratibimbit paimaane kaa nireekshan karane kii aavashyakta thee. iss line kaa praarambhik uddeshya telegraph bilkul naheen thaa. iska upayog taba key haal key kaam kii shuddhata yaa anyatha pushti karane key liye kiya gayaa thaa, joe kii ohm key niyam koo satyaapit curr rahey they. unhone jaldi seey anya upayog paae, jinamen seey pahala dou imaraton mein ghadiyon kaa samanvaya thaa. kuchh maheenon key bheetar, unhone ack telegraph code vikasit kiya joe unhein manmaane sandesh bhejane kii anumati detaa thaa. sanket kii gati lagbhag saat akshar prati minut thee. 1835 mein, unhone apane telegraph kii baitariyon koo ack badey magnet-electric upkaran seey badal diyaa, joe telegraph daalon koo utpann kartaa thaa kyonki operator ack baar chumbak key saapeksh ack kundal koo sthanantarit kartaa thaa. iss machine koo carle august wonn steinhill ney banaaya thaa. goss aur webber telegraph 1838 taka dainik seva mein rahey.
1836 mein, leapsig-dresden railway ney poochha kii kyaa goss aur webber telegraph koo unaki line parr sthaapit kiya jaa sakata haye. prayogshala upkaran bahut bojhil thaa, aur iss tarah seey upayog karane key liye bahut dheema thaa. goss ney steinhill koo railway upayog key liye kuchh aur vyaavhaarik vikasit karane key liye kahaa. unhone aisaa ack saghan suee vaadya kaa utpaadan karate hue kiya, joe sandesh praapt karate samay dhwaniyaan bhee utsarjit kartaa thaa. suee dou ghantiyon mein seey ack koo kramshah daaeen aur baain or luggy, jaba yeh vikshepit hoe gaee. donon ghantiyon key swar alag-alag they taaki sanchaalak lagaatar dekhe binaa bataa sakey kii suee kiss tarah seey vikshepit hui thee.
steinhell ney sabse pahale munich key aspas chaar stations koo cover karate hue paanch meal key track key saath apana telegraph sthaapit kiya. 1838 mein, vaha neuremberg-firth railway line parr ack aur pranali sthaapit curr rahey they. goss ney sujhaav diyaa kii unhein rail kaa upayog conductor key roop mein karna chaahiye aur poori tarah seey taar lagaane seey bachana chaahiye. yeh taba whiffle rhaa jaba steinhill ney ise aajmaaya kyonki rail jameen seey achchi tarah seey achhooti naheen thee, lekin iss viphalata kii prakriya mein, unhein ehsas huaa kii vaha jameen kaa upayog conductors mein seey ack key roop mein curr sakate hain. yeh pahala prithvi-vaapsee telegraph thaa jise kaheen bhee seva mein rakhaa gayaa thaa.
vyaavsaayik upayog.
cook aur wheatstone telegraph.
sabse vyaapak roop seey upayog kii jaane vaali suee pranali, aur kissy bhee prakaar kaa pahala taar, vaanijyik roop seey upayog kiya jaane vaalaa, cook aur wheatstone telegraph thaa, joe 19veen aur 20veen shatabdi kii shuruat mein charles wheatstone aur villium fodergill cook key kaaran britten aur british samrajya mein niyojit thaa. telegraph banaane kii prerana march 1836 mein aaee jaba cook ney heidelberg mein ack vyakhyan mein jorg wilhelm munke dwara pradarshit shilling key suee vaadyayantron mein seey ack koo dekhaa (halanki unhein ehsas naheen thaa kii upkaran shilling key kaaran thaa). cook koo shareer rachana vigyaan kaa adhyayan karna thaa, lekin turant ise chhod diyaa aur telegraph vikasit karane key liye ingland laut aae. unhone shuru mein teen suee vaalaa telegraph banaaya, lekin yeh maanate hue kii suee vaale telegraph key liye hamesha kaee taaron kii aavashyakta hogi, way yaantrik designs kii or badhe. unakaa pahala prayaas ghadee kaa taar alarm thaa, joe baad mein telegraph companiyon key saath seva mein chalaa gayaa. isake baad unhone ack sangeetmay snoof boxes parr adharit ack yaantrik telegraph kaa aavishkaar kiya. iss upkaran mein ghadee kaary tantra kaa avarodhan ack vidyut chumbak key armature dwara jaari kiya gayaa thaa. cook ney iss kaam koo bahut jaldi puuraa kiya. suee telegraph teen saptah key bheetar puuraa hoe gayaa thaa, aur yaantrik telegraph munke key pradarshan koo dekhane key chhah saptah key bheetar. cook ney railway sanket key roop mein upayog key liye apane yaantrik telegraph mein liverpool aur manchester railway mein ruchi lene kaa prayaas kiya, lekin ise bhaap ct kaa upayog karane vaali pranali key paksh mein aswikar curr diyaa gayaa. iss baat koo laker anishchit kii unakaa telegraph kitna door kaam curr sakata haye, cook ney michael fairade aur peater maark rogget seey paramarsh kiya. unhone unhein prakhyaat vaigyaanik charles wheatstone key sampark mein rakhaa aur phir donon ney saajhedaari mein kaam kiya. wheatstone ney ack bahut behtar suee upkaran kaa upayog karane kaa sujhaav diyaa aur phir unhone ack paanch-suee telegraph vikasit kiya.
cook aur wheatstone five-needle telegraph skilling telegraph mein ack mahatvapurna sudhaar thaa. suee key upkaran macedonio meloni key galvanometer parr adharit they. unhein ack urdhvaadhar board parr lagaaya gayaa thaa jisamen suee kendriya roop seey dhuri parr hoti thee. suiyon koo seedhe dekhaa jaa sakata thaa aur shilling key najuk resham dhaage koo poori tarah seey hataa diyaa gayaa thaa. pranali key liye paanch taaron kii aavashyakta thee, joe shilling dwara upayog kiye jaane vaale taaron mein thodi kamee thee, aanshik roop seey kyonki cook aur wheatstone pranali koo ack samanya taar kii aavashyakta naheen thee. skilling key dwiaadhaari code key bajaay, dhaara koo ack taar key madhyam seey ack suee key kundal mein bheja jaataa thaa aur dusare key kundal aur taar key madhyam seey vaapas kiya jaataa thaa. yeh yojana saimuel thomas wonn somering dwara apane rasayanik telegraph parr niyojit yojana key samaan thee, lekin ack adhik kushal coding yojana key saath. summering key code key liye prati varna ack taar kii aavashyakta hoti haye. isase bhee behtar, dou suee koo varnamala key ack akshar kii or ingit karane key liye banaaya gayaa thaa. isase binaa kissy code koo seekhane kii aavashyakta key akushal operators dwara upkaran kaa upayog karane kii anumati millie-railway companiyon key liye ack pramukh bikri bindu jiska uddeshya pranali thee. ack aur laabh yeh thaa kii yeh 30 akshar prati minut parr bahut tej thaa. yeh aardrata taral padaarth key roop mein bhaari paaraa kaa upayog naheen kartaa thaa, balki isake bajaay havaa mein ack falak kaa upayog kartaa thaa, joe aadarsh aardrata key liye ack behtar milan thaa.
paanch-suee telegraph koo pahali baar 1838 mein mahaan paschimi railway key saath seva mein rakhaa gayaa thaa. haalaanki, ise jald hii dou-suee aur ekal-suee pranaliyon key paksh mein chhod diyaa gayaa thaa. kaee taaron kii laagat prashikshan prachaalak kii laagat kii tulanaa mein adhik mahatvapurna kaarak saabit hui. 1846 mein, cook ney janata koo telegraph seva pradaan karane vaali pahali company, johnn luis ricardo key saath electric telegraph company kaa gathan kiya. unhone signal key liye railway companiyon koo suee telegraph pranali bechana jaari rakhaa, lekin unhone dheere-dheere vyavsaayon, press aur janata dwara samanya upayog key liye ack rashtriya network bhee banaaya. 1870 mein jaba britten key telegraph udyog kaa rashtriyakaran kiya gayaa thaa, tou suee telegraph koo aadhikarik taur parr morse telegraph dwara hataa diyaa gayaa thaa, lekin kuchh kaa upayog beesavin shatabdi taka jaari rhaa.
anya pranaaliyan.
henley-foster telegraph ack suee telegraph thaa jiska upayog british aur ayrish chumbakiya telegraph company dwara kiya jaataa thaa, joe electric telegraph company kaa mukhya pratidvandi thaa. iska aavishkaar 1848 mein villium thomas henley aur george foster ney kiya thaa. yeh ekal-suee aur dou-suee donon roopon mein banaaya gayaa thaa joe sanchaalan mein sambandhit cook aur wheatstone upkaranon key samaan they. iss telegraph kii anoothi visheshta yeh thee kii isamen battery kii aavashyakta naheen thee. telegraph daalen ack chumbakiya kshetra key madhyam seey chalane vaali kundaliyon dwara utpann kii gaee theen kyonki operator sandesh bhejane key liye machine key handle parr kaam kartaa thaa. henley-foster vaadya 1850 key dashak mein upalabdh sabse samvedansheel vaadya thaa. isake parinamswarup ise anya pranaliyon kii tulanaa mein adhik doori aur kharaab gunavatta vaali lines parr sanchaalit kiya jaa sakata haye.
foy-braguate telegraph kaa aavishkaar 1842 mein alphons foy aur lui-francois-clement braguate dwara kiya gayaa thaa, aur france mein iska upayog kiya gayaa thaa. upkaran pradarshan koo francisi optical telegraph pranali kii nakal karane key liye vyavasthit kiya gayaa thaa, jisamen dou suiyaan chup semaphore (france mein vyaapak roop seey upayog kii jaane vaali optical pranali) kii bhujaaon key samaan sthiti mein theen. iss vyavastha kaa matlab thaa kii jaba operators kii telegraph lines koo vidyut telegraph mein unnat kiya gayaa tou unhein phir seey prashikshit karane kii aavashyakta naheen thee. foy-braguate telegraph koo aamtaur parr suee telegraph key roop mein varnit kiya jaataa haye, lekin vidyut roop seey yeh vaastav mein ack prakaar kaa armature telegraph haye. suee koo galvanometer vyavastha dwara sthanantarit naheen kiya jaataa haye. isake bajaay way ack ghadee kaary tantra dwara sthanantarit kiye jaate hain jise prachaalak koo bund rakhna chaahiye. ghadee key kaam koo ack vidyut chumbakiya armature dwara jaari kiya jaataa haye joe ack praapt telegraph puls key kinaaron parr kaam kartaa haye.
stuart aim key anusaar. 1970 key dashak key anta mein mahaan uttari rekha parr holl, suee telegraph kaa upayog kiya jaataa thaa. inn upkaranon parr upayog kiya jaane vaalaa telegraph code morse code thaa. alag-alag avadhi key samanya bindu aur dashes key bajaay, lekin ack hii dhruviyata, suee upkaranon mein ack hii avadhi kii daalon kaa upayog kiya jaataa haye, lekin dou code tatvon kaa pratinidhitva karane key liye vipareet dhruviyata kaa upayog kiya jaataa haye. iss vyavastha kaa upayog aamtaur parr 19veen shatabdi mein suee telegraph aur pandubbi telegraph kebalon parr kiya jaataa thaa, jaba morse code antarrashtriya maanak bunn gayaa thaa.
chhadm vigyaan.
sahanubhutipurna suiyaan 17veen shatabdi mein chumbakikrit suiyon kaa upayog karke tatkaal sanchaar kaa ack saadhan maani jaati theen. ack suee koo varnamala key ack akshar kii or ingit karane seey usake saathi kii suee koo dusare sthaan parr usee akshar kii or ingit karna thaa.

