
george town, chennai

george shahar chennai (poorv mein madras), tamilanadu, bhaarat mein ack pados haye. yeh fort sent george, chennai key paas haye. ise muthiyalpet aur pairi corner key roop mein bhee jaanaa jaataa haye. yeh chennai shahar kaa ack aitihaasik kshetra haye jahan seey iska vistaar 1640 key dashak mein shuru huaa thaa. yeh poorv mein bangal kii khaadi seey laker paschim mein park shahar taka faila huaa haye. kilaa sent. george dakshin mein, uttar mein royapuram mein haye. kilaa sent. george mein tamilanadu vidhansabha aur sachivalaya haye. chennai mein tamilanadu key uchch nyayalaya, dow. ambedkar low college, steinly medical college aur aspatal yahaan sthit hain.
itihas.
aupaniveshik kaal key dauran, 1911 mein angrejon dwara muthiyalpet aur usake aspas key kshetra kaa naam badalkar "george town" curr diyaa gayaa thaa, jaba raajaa george pancham koo bhaarat key samrat key roop mein taaj pahanaaya gayaa thaa. george town muthiyalpet key liye upayog kiye jaane vaale naamon mein seey ack haye. isamen aitihaasik 'pairi building' haye, jisake baad iss ilaake koo 'pairi corner' kahaa jaataa haye. iss kshetra koo broadway bhee kahaa jaataa haye, jiska naam muthiyalpet mein ack mukhya maarg key naam parr rakhaa gayaa haye.
madarsa shahar kii pahali basti yahaan kille key paas shuru hui. fort sent george kii shuruat 1640 mein angreji east india company key liye ack kileband godam key roop mein hui thee. iska nirmaan francis day dwara kiya gayaa thaa. isake aspas badey honey vaale mool nivaasiyon kii basti koo angrejon dwara "kaalaa shahar" kahaa jaataa thaa. jaise-jaise shahar kaa vikas huaa, yeh kshetra vikas aur nirmaan gatividhiyon kaa aadhar bunn gayaa, joe logon kii aajeevika aur shasakon kii prashaasnik suvidhaon key liye unaki jarooraton koo puuraa kartaa thaa. iss kshetra mein bhaarat key pramukh bandargaahon mein seey ack key nirmaan key saath, madarsa angrejon key liye ack mahatvapurna nausena adda bunn gayaa.
18veen shatabdi kii shuruat taka, badhati jansankhya aur vaanijyik gatividhiyon key parinamswarup padosi kshetron mein vistaar huaa. 1733 mein, bunai samudaay thiruvottiyur key paas chintadripet aur kolepetta mein basane lagaa, kyonki bunai key liye prachur matra mein khuli jagah upalabdh thee. taksal kshetra mein dhulai karane vaalon kaa samudaay taba paschim kii or badh gayaa, jisase vartamaan dhulai kaa pett banaa. iss kshetra key kumhar uttar kii or kille key baahar chaley gaye aur kosapet naam kii ack naee coloney banaai. 1710 mein agmore koo jodane key liye ack pull key nirmaan key saath, loga vartamaan moor bajar kshetra kii or badhane lagey.
jaba francisi ney 1746 mein madrason parr kabja curr liya aur 1749 mein aiks-laa-chappel kii sandhi dwara cubec key badale mein ise angreji koo vaapas curr diyaa, tou angrejon ney bhavishya mein hamale kii sthiti mein aag key liye ack spasht kshetra rakhane key liye kaale shahar key ack hisse koo samtal curr diyaa. 1773 mein, angrejon ney kaale shahar key samtal kshetra key saath 13 stambh banaae aur stambhon aur kille key beach kissy bhee roop mein nirmaan parr pratibandh lagaa diyaa joe anyatha sambhaavit aakramankariyon key drishya koo avaruddh curr dega. jald hii ack naee basti, jise nae kaale shahar key roop mein jaanaa jaataa haye, inn stambhon seey parey aaa gaee aur puraane kaale shahar ney madras uchch nyayalaya koo raasta dey diyaa. stambhon aur uchch nyayalaya key beach key hisse key saath ack sadak banaai gaee thee joe baad mein chean bajar sadak bunn gaee. 13 stambhon mein seey ekmatra jeevit stambh koo pairi kii imarat key parisar mein banaae rakhaa jaa rhaa haye.
1772 mein, madrason kii pahali sangathit jall aapoorti saat kuon kii yojana key saath shuru hui. ack baar, maisur key shaasak haider allie key sainikon ney ack raat paani key srot koo jahar dene kii bhee koshish kii.
agali shataabdiyon mein, uchch nyayalaya kii imaaraten aur vastukala kii sundarta key saath pahala prakaash grih meenar ack aise kshetra mein banaa jahaan shree chennai keshav perumal aur chennai malleshwar swami kaa ack purana hindu mandir maujood thaa. iss mandir koo dhwast curr diyaa gayaa thaa aur baad mein netaji subhash chandra boses road parr taksal sadak key paas vartamaan sthaan parr sthanantarit curr diyaa gayaa thaa aur yeh hinduon key beach pattanam koyal key roop mein lokpriya haye.
barma key kaee tamil sharanarthi, joe saath key dashak kii shuruat mein myanmar seey bhaag gaye they, george shahar pahunche. 1969 mein, inn bermi sharanarthiyon seey udyami baney logon dwara, footpath parr dukaanon mein aayatit videshi vastuon koo bechane vaalaa ack bajar, barma bajar kii sthaapana kii gaee thee.
dharm aur pavitra sthal.
george shahar mein apani seemaon key bheetar vibhinn dharmon key mandiron kii ack samriddh sabhaa haye. british madrason key pahale hindu mandir 1640 aur 1680 key beach iss pados mein banaae gaye they. taba seey kaee mandiron kaa nirmaan shahar key pramukh vyapariyon dwara kiya gayaa thaa, jinamen seey jyaadaatar british vyapariyon aur vyaavsaayik pratishthanon key dubash (bichauliye) they. pados kii kaee sadakon key naam inn dabash key naam parr rakhe gaye hain.
shahar key pahale jaine mandiron kaa nirmaan rajsthan aur saurashtra key basane vaalon dwara kabja kiye gaye pados key paschimi aadhe key madhya bhaag mein kiya gayaa thaa, jise abb sockarpet key roop mein jaanaa jaataa haye. aaj, hollie, diwali aur ganesh chaturthi jaise tyohar uttar bhaaratiya shally mein manaae jaate hain.
pados mein pahali masjid 1670 key dashak mein moor street parr banaai gaee thee. haalaanki, aaj masjid maujood naheen haye. sabse purani bachee hui masjid angappa naikan street mein vishal masjid mamur haye, jise athaarahavin shatabdi mein banaaya gayaa thaa.
pahala madras aradhanalaya prawal vyaapaari sadak mein banaaya gayaa thaa, jisamen solahavin, satrahavin aur athaarahavin shatabdi mein purtagaali paradacy yahoodiyon kii badee upasthiti thee. madarsa aradhanalaya aaj maujood naheen haye, lekin kahaa jaataa haye kii aaj madarsa shahar mein kuchh "mutthi bhar" yahudi (yahudi vansh key logon koo shamil naheen karate hue) hain.
sabse purana church armenian street parr armenian church haye. church key buggle mein sthit sent mairi off dha angels kaa cathedral 1642 seey maujood haye. haalaanki, pados mein pooja kaa pahala catholic sthaan sent seey pahale banaaya gayaa thaa. mairi kaa cathedral. haalaanki, protestant churchon kaa nirmaan kewal unnisvin shatabdi mein kiya gayaa thaa, jisamen pahala angreji protestant church 1810 mein davidson street parr banaaya gayaa thaa.
madras uchch nyayalaya seey uttar kii or faile george shahar kaa paschimi bhaag muthiyalpet kshetra tamilanadu raajya key 163 adhisoochit kshetron (mahapashan sthal) mein seey ack haye.
jansankhyiki.
pahale key dinon mein george shahar key nivasi mukhya roop seey telugu they jinaki tamilon kii badee aabaadi thee. mukhya kshetra mein, sadakon kaa naam telugu logon jaise govindappa nike, angappa nike, adiappa nike, narayan mudali, kaashi chetty, rasappa chetty, varad muthiyappan, thatha muthiyappan, kondi chetty, lingi chetty, thambu chetty aadi key naam parr rakhaa gayaa haye. vyaapaar aur vyaapaar kaa ack badaa hissa telugu logon key haathon mein thaa. sthaaniya logon key alawa, desh key anya hisson key logon key saath-saath videshi nagrik jinake 'british east india company' key saath vyaapaar aur vyaavsaayik sambandh they, iss kshetra mein reh rahey they. kaee sadakon parr usa vyavasaay kaa naam haye jisamen ilaake key loga lagey hue they. joe purush prawal mein vyaapaar curr rahey they, way prawal vyapariyon kii sadak (πVVOLKKAR TERU) mein ack saath rahate they aur armenia (roose kaa ack poorv raajya) key loga joe angrejon key saath vyaapaar curr rahey they, way armenian sadak (αρνανίκαρρτερο) mein reh rahey they. unake liye usee kshetra mein armenian church naamak ack church kaa bhee nirmaan kiya gayaa thaa. jaise-jaise shahar kaee gunaa vikasit hoe rhaa thaa, poore bhaarat key loga yahaan sabhi kshetron mein vyaapaar karate hue buss gaye, mukhya roop seey rajsthan, gujaraat, maharashtra aur uttar pradesh seey. beesavin shatabdi mein uttar bhaartiyon, mukhya roop seey rajsthan aur gujaraat key maarvaadiyon dwara kabja kiye gaye kshetra koo sowarpet (shaabdik roop seey 'ameeron kaa kshetra', joe 'sahukar' shabd seey liya gayaa haye jiska hindi mein arth haye saahukaar) key roop mein jaanaa jaane lagaa.
bhugol.
george shahar lagbhag paschim mein chennai kendriya railway station aur peepuls park seey laker poorv mein bangal kii khaadi taka faila huaa haye. uttar mein besin pull aur royapuram haye jabaki dakshin mein fort sent george ise gherta haye. prakasham salaai (broadway), mool roop seey popham kaa broadway, george shahar koo dou hisson mein vibhajit kartaa haye, jiska purvi bhaag aitihaasik roop seey muthiyalpet aur paschimi ateet, pednackenpet key roop mein jaanaa jaataa thaa.
sadaken aur sadaken.
pados kii pramukh sadakon mein netaji subhash chandra boses road (chean bajar road key roop mein lokpriya), rajaji salaai (poorv mein pahali pankti samudra tata road) aur deewaar curr sadak shamil hain. sadaken aam taur parr chhoti aur sankeern hoti hain aur unamen seey kaee laine shaakhaaen hoti hain. sabse lambi sadak taksal sadak haye, joe kendriya railway station key paas seey shuru hocker uttar kii or lagbhag 4 kimmy taka pados mein raasta banaati haye aur vallalar nagar key paas samaapt hoti haye. iss sadak kaa naam east india company key ack taksal seey liya gayaa haye joe british yug key dauran iss sadak key anta mein maujood thaa. abb iss imarat mein tamilanadu sarkaar kaa kendriya mudranalaya haye. ise duniya kii kuchh sabse lambi sadakon mein seey ack maanaa jaataa haye. andman aur nicobar dweep sarkaar key nauvahan aur paryatan vibhagon key prashaasnik karyalayon sahit kaee sarkari karyalaya, raajya aur kendra donon sarkaaren, rajaji salaai parr sthit hain. bahut hii aakarshak barma bajar, joe electronic saman aur anya vastuon koo sastee daron parr bechane key liye jaanaa jaataa haye, kabhi jyaadaatar bermi sharanarthiyon dwara chalaaya jaataa thaa, bhee isi sadak parr sthit haye.
pairi kaa cona.
parries corner () george shahar kaa ack pados haye. aksar pairi key roop mein jaanaa jaataa haye, yeh chennai bandargah key paas, uttari samudra tata sadak aur aine. aiss. see. boses sadak key chauraahe parr sthit haye. iska naam thomas pairi key naam parr rakhaa gayaa haye, joe ack velsh vyaapaari they, jinhone 1787 mein eed pairi company kii sthaapana kii thee, jiska corporate mukhyalaya koney mein khadaa haye.
yeh sthaan vaanijyik banking aur vyaapaar key liye ack mahatvapurna kendra haye, aur antar-nagar buss seva key liye ack pramukh kendra bhee haye. yeh shahar key sabse bheedbhaad vaale kshetron mein seey ack haye. iss kshetra mein sent jaise kaee lokpriya school hain. mairi kaa anglo-indian hier secondary school, sent. kolamban kaa anglo-indian hier secondary school. anderson church iss kshetra kaa sabse purana aur sabse pramukh church haye.
sadaken aur visheshtaayen.
pados kii kaee sadaken apane samarpit vyavsaayon aur sevaaon key liye jaani jaati hain. nimnalikhit talika mein kuchh sadakon aur mukhya sevaaon koo soochibaddh kiya gayaa haye jinake liye way jaane jaate hain.
vastukala.
aadhunik shahar chennai kii sabse purani bastiyon mein seey ack honey key naate, george shahar vibhinn vastukala shailiyon key sangam kaa ack utkrisht udaaharan banaa huaa haye. yeh pados kaee paaramparik sthaaniya shailiyon key alawa indo-saracenic, neoclassical, gothik aur art deco jaisi imaraton kii kaee classic shailiyon key liye jaanaa jaataa haye. pratyek imarat apane vaastushilp charitra mein apani vishishtata prastut karati haye. udaaharan key liye, pairi corner mein ack art deco-shally kii imarat, urdhvaadhar rekhaaon parr jore detee haye aur ventilation key liye 'sunberst jaali' kii ack alag design haye.
imaaraten aur sthal.
iss kshetra mein rajaji salaai aur aine. aiss. see. boses road parr kaee viraasat aur aadhunik imaaraten hain. dharohar bhavanon mein uchch nyayalaya kii imaaraten, purana prakaash stambh aur pairi key koney mein low college kii imarat aur rajaji salaai parr jee. pee. oh. kii imarat aur bhaaratiya reserve baink kii imarat shamil hain. anya aadhunik imaraton mein parries dayer house, state baink off maisur building, nayaa collector karyalaya bhawan (singraveller maligai), kuralgam aur bee. aiss. aine. ell. karyalaya bhawan shamil hain. raajaa annamalai mandiram ack badaa holl haye jahan indor sabhaaen, saanskritik gatividhiyaan aur naatak aayojit kiye jaate hain. isake alawa, vyaparik samudaay aur sarkaar key swaamitva vaali bahut see imaaraten hain.
bhoomi kaa upayog.
george shahar mein bhoomi upayog mein mukhya roop seey aavaasiya aur mishrit-aavaasiya kshetra shamil hain. ise ack 'nirantar bhawan kshetra' key roop mein vargeekrit kiya gayaa haye, joe 1.5 key farsh sthaan soochkaank key saath bhoo-plus-ack manjil kii sanrachanaon kii anumati detaa haye. 2014 taka, vyaapaar jile mein lagbhag 25,000 sampatti curr nirdharakon key saath 14,000 seey adhik imaaraten hain.
george shahar mein sabhi imaraton koo vikas niyamon kaa ullanghan karate hue paaya gayaa haye, jisamen kaee imaraton kaa nirmaan nigam seey bhawan anumodan praapt kiye binaa kiya gayaa haye.
arthavyavastha.
george shahar shahar kii arthavyavastha kaa janmasthan haye joe 17veen shatabdi mein phalane-phoolane lagaa thaa. tatkalin badhate hue shahar madrason kaa praathamik pados honey key kaaran, george shahar mein rashtriya mahatva key kaee vaanijyik pratishthaan hain. yeh lambe samay taka shahar key kendriya vyaparik jile mein rahata thaa, 1960 key dashak taka, jaba yeh ratna vritt taka pahunchane key liye dakshin kii or badhane lagaa.
banking.
pados aur aspas key kshetron mein kaee "nattukottai chettiyar" yaa "nagarthar" they, joe aadhunik vaanijyik bainkon kii sthaapana seey pahale shahar mein janata koo banking sevaaen pradaan karate they. donon ney krishi majdooron koo rinn dene key alawa janata koo rinn dene aur jamaa raashi sweekaar karane kii peshkash kii. kaee banking aur vittiya karyalaya aupaniveshik yug seey viraasat sanrachanaon mein sthit they, joe mukhya roop seey uttari samudra tata sadak key aspas samoohbaddh they, jinamen seey kaee aaj bhee maujood hain.
bhaarat mein pahali europeeya shally kii banking pranali 21 juuna 1683 koo 'madras baink' kii sthaapana key saath george shahar mein shuru kii gaee thee, joe baink off hindustan aur general baink off india jaise pahale vaanijyik bainkon kii sthaapana seey lagbhag ack sadee pahale thee, joe kramshah 1770 aur 1786 mein sthaapit kiye gaye they. lekin baink whiffle saabit huaa. sarkari baink key gathan parr british vitt samiti kii sifarish parr, madras baink, jise taba 'sarkari baink' key roop mein jaanaa jaataa thaa, ney 1806 seey phir seey kaam karna shuru curr diyaa. 1843 mein, baink kaa karnatak baink (1788), british baink off madras (1795) aur asiai baink (1804) mein vilay hoe gayaa aur yeh baink off madras bunn gayaa, joe bhaarat key teen presidency bainkon mein seey ack thaa. 1921 mein, yeh anya dou presidency bainkon, baink off bangal aur baink off bombe key saath vilay hoe gayaa, jisase imperial baink off india kaa gathan huaa, joe baad mein 1955 mein bhaaratiya state baink bunn gayaa. pados mein bhaaratiya reserve baink, desh key kendriya baink kaa dakshin kshetriya karyalaya bhee haye.
parivahan.
george shahar chennai kaa bhaugolik aur jyaamitiya kendra bindu banaa huaa haye jahan shahar kii sabhi radial sadaken aur railmarg milate hain. mukhya sadaken, arthaat uttar aur dakshin samudra tata sadaken, annaa salaai, poonamalli hyee road, grand northern trunk road aur annore hyee road pados seey nikalati hain, aur shahar key donon praathamik terminal railway station, arthaat chennai central aur chennai beach pados key paschimi aur purvi kinaaron seey lagate hain. dou terminal stations key alawa, kaee upnagariya railway station pados key aspas paridhiya roop seey sthit hain, arthaat, chennai kendriya upnagariya, chennai kilaa, chennai park aur park town, sabhi dakshin aur dakshin-paschim kinare mein sthit hain, paschimi kinare parr besin brij junction aur uttari kinare parr royapuram railway station. pados mein ack buss adda haye, pairi key koney key paas broadway buss stand haye.
antar-nagar aur antar-raajyiya express buss terminal mool roop seey lagbhag dedh ekad kshetra mein madras uchch nyayalaya key paas broadway terminus parr kaam kartaa thaa. parivahan kii badhati jarooraton key saath, terminus koo 2002 mein koyambedu mein 36.5 ekad mein faile nae parisar mein sthanantarit curr diyaa gayaa thaa, jiska nirmaan 1030 million kii laagat seey kiya gayaa thaa.
janwari 2013 mein, adalat mein daayar janahit yachika key aage, nigam ney 33.6 karod kii anumaanit laagat seey broadway buss adde mein sudhaar karane kaa faisala kiya.
shiksha.
mahavidyalaya aur vishvavidyalaya.
george shahar mein vibhinn sarkari mahavidyalaya aur sansthaan hain. dow. ambedkar vidhi mahavidyalaya, jise shuru mein madras vidhi mahavidyalaya key roop mein jaanaa jaataa thaa, kii sthaapana 1891 mein kii gaee thee. sarkari steinly chikitsa mahavidyalaya aur aspatal key chikitsa mahavidyalaya kii sthaapana 1938 mein kii gaee thee, halanki aspatal kii sthaapana 19veen shatabdi key anta taka kii gaee thee. sarkari dunt mahavidyalaya aur aspatal kii sthaapana 1953 mein kii gaee thee. bhaarati mahila mahavidyalaya pados key uttari hisse mein sthit haye.
praathamik aur maadhyamik vidyalaya.
isamen kaee pramukh school hain jinamen sent. mairi kaa anglo-indian hier secondary school, sent francis javier anglo-indian hr secondary school, sent. kolamban kaa anglo-indian uchch maadhyamik vidyalaya aur muthiyalpet uchch maadhyamik vidyalaya, sent.gabriels hier secondary school, ramiya girls hyee school, meezee matrick hier secondary school, muthiyalpet girls school, bishap corrie hier secondary school aur dominic sevio school.
vikas.
haalaanki george shahar aadhunik shahar chennai kaa mool haye aur 20veen shatabdi kii shuruat taka shahar kaa mukhya vaanijyik kendra banaa rhaa, shahar kaa kendriya vyaavsaayik jilaa 20veen shatabdi key madhya seey dheere-dheere dakshin kii or badhaa, joe vartamaan mein annaa salaai parr ratna vritt mein sthit haye. isake parinamswarup shahar key uttari kshetra key liye vikas nidhi kii kamee hoe gaee. haalaanki, george shahar key kuchh samudaay-vishisht kshetra, jaise kii sockarpet, jahan samriddh marwadi samudaay rahata haye, abhee bhee shahar kaa ack mahatvapurna vaanijyik kendra banaa huaa haye.
raajneetik jagrukta.
george shahar key nagrikon mein raajneetik jagrukta bahut adhik haye. rashtriya aur raajya raajneetik dalon key lagbhag sabhi netaa logon seey sampark karane aur unake uddeshyon aur siddhanton kaa prachaar karane key liye sadak parr baithaken karate they. see jaise netaa. aine. annadurai, key. kamraj, see. rajagopalachari, ee. vee. key. ramaswamy naikar, aim. pee. shivagyanam (maa. poe. see), aandhr key netaa jaise tii. prakasham aur mahatma gaandhi, annie bassent aur kaee anya logon ney shahar key iss hisse koo naheen chhoda. yahaan badee sankhya mein pravaasi aabaadi key basane key kaaran, naa kewal sthaaniya aur raajya kii rajneeti balki desh key anya sabhi raajyon aur yahaan taka kii videshi deshon kii rajneeti bhee yahaan achchi tarah seey jaani jaati haye. sabhi raajneetik dall nagrikon kii achchi kitaabon mein honey kaa mudda banaate hain. tamilanadu key mukhya raajneetik dalon mein seey ack, dmk party, 1949 mein prawal vyaapaari sadak koo apana janmasthan maanati haye.

