
sandwich kii ladaai (1217)

sandwich kii ladaai, jise dover kii ladaai bhee kahaa jaataa haye, 24 agast 1217 koo pahale bairan yuddh key hisse key roop mein hui thee. hubert dee burg kii kamaan mein ack plantagenate angreji bede ney eustes bhikshu aur courtney key robbert key netritva mein ack capitian francisi bede parr hamla kiya. angreji ney francisi pramukh aur adhikansh aapoorti jahaajon parr kabja curr liya, jisase baaki francisi bede koo callace lautane key liye majboor honah padaa.
francisi bedaa rajkumar luis, baad mein france key raajaa luis VIII, jinake francisi balon ney usa samay landan koo niyantrit kiya thaa, koo aapoorti aur sudridhikaran laane kaa prayaas curr rhaa thaa. angreji jahaajon ney havaa kii or seey hamla kiya, eustes key jahaaj koo jabt curr liya, robbert aur shurveeron koo kaidi banaa diyaa aur baaki chaalak dall koo maar daala. eustes, ack kukhyaat samudri daku, koo kaidi banaae jaane key baad maar diyaa gayaa thaa. yuddh ney rajkumar luis koo ingland koo jeetane key apane prayaas koo chhodane key liye aashvast kiya aur kuchh hafton baad lambeth kii sandhi parr hastakshar kiye gaye.
prishthabhoomi.
eustes bhikshu ack baar mathwasi varg seey they, lekin unhone apani pratigya toda dee aur apane bhaaiyon aur doston key saath ack samudri daku bunn gaye. iss prayaas mein unaki shuruati safaltaon ney kaee kanunvihin purushon koo aakarshit kiya aur unake samudri daku angreji channel mein shipping key liye ack khatra bunn gaye. eustes key angreji virodhiyon ney usa vyakti koo "shaleen saralata" kaa shreya diyaa.
1205 seey 1208 taka, eustes ney ingland key raajaa johnn pratham key liye kaam kiya. angreji samprabhu key aashirvaad seey unhone channel dweepon koo jabt curr liya aur unhein johnn key liye rakhane kii anumati dee gaee, jabaki vincialcia koo apane angreji aadhar key roop mein upayog kiya. 1212 mein, eustes ney france key prati apani nishtha badal dee aur ingland seey baahar khaded diyaa gayaa. varsh 1215 mein unake jahaajon ney yuddh key injanon koo angreji bairanon taka pahunchaaya jinhone johnn kaa virodh kiya. jaba rajkumar luis landan key liye ravaana hue, tou way eustes key bede mein gaye. yeh eustes kii madad key kaaran thaa kii luis jaldi seey landan aur sink bandargaahon parr kabja karane mein saksham thaa. 
20 maee 1217 koo linken kii ladaai mein unake leftinent buri tarah seey parajit honey key baad, rajkumar luis ney dover mahal kii gherabandi kii aur landan mein sevaanivritt hoe gaye. sangharsh key anta key liye baatchit karane kii apani ichcha kaa sanket dete hue, vaha ingland key ladke-raajaa heinry III key anuyaayiyon key saath brentford mein milane key liye sahmat hoe gaye. linken key vijeta, villium marshel, pembroke key pahale earl aur luis ack samjhaute key karib aaa gaye. haalaanki, louis key kaaran parr jaane vaale bishapon koo kshama karane key liye, pope onarius III kii sweekriti kii aavashyakta thee. choonki rome kii lambi yatra key binaa yeh sambhav naheen thaa, isaliye baatchit toot gaee. lui koo khabar millie kii france seey jald hii atirikt bull aur aapoorti aaegi. protsaahit karate hue unhone ladane kaa sankalp liya.
lui koo raajaa johnn key atyachar key khilaf vidroh mein angreji bairanon dwara ingland mein sainikon key saath utarane key liye aamantrit kiya gayaa thaa aur yeh rashtron kaa yuddh naheen thaa, balki guton kaa yuddh thaa.
yuddh.
24 agast koo, saaf mausam mein, francisi bedaa callace seey ravaana huaa. haalaanki jahaajon koo eustes bhikshu dwara susajjit kiya gayaa thaa, lekin shurveeron aur sainikon kii kamaan courtney key robbert key paas thee. rajkumar luis kii patni, castile kii blanch bhee raahat prayaas kii ack mahatvapurna aayojak thee. francisi kaa virodh dakshinpurvi tata key commander phillip dee 'aubigni ney kiya. pembroke kaa earl 19 agast koo nyu romani mein aaya thaa aur sink bandargaahon key naavikon koo bulaaya thaa. angrej naavikon ney raajaa johnn key haathon kharaab vyavhaar kii kadvi shikayat kii, lekin pembroke ney unhein francisi koo haraane key liye badee loot key vaade key saath ladane key liye aashvast kiya. 
eustes key apane pott, "mahaan jahaaj key beon" ney francisi squadron kaa netritva kiya. robert dee courtene sheersh kamaan sambhaalate they jabaki eustes ney unake upa key roop mein kaary kiya. ralf day laa tournament aur villium days barres kramshah teesare aur chauthe sthaan parr rahey. sabhi ney bataaya, flagship parr 36 shurveer they. agale teen sainikon kii kamaan mikius dee harness, sent-omer key villium banaam aur bologne key meyer ney sambhali. kull milakar, flagship sahit pahale chaar jahaajon mein 100 seey 125 shurveer they. purushon ney shesh chhah sainikon koo tainaat kiya. 70 chhote jahaaj they joe aapoorti karate they. sabhi gyaarah sainikon parr bojh thaa, vishesh roop seey pramukh joe ack badey trabuchate aur rajkumar luis key liye niyat ghodon koo leey jaataa thaa. 
angreji jahaaj aam taur parr french kii tulanaa mein chhote they, sivaay pembroke key earl dwara pradaan kiye gaye ack paryaapt cog key, jise tata parr rahane key liye raaji kiya gayaa thaa. nyaayvaadi key roop mein, hubert dee burg ney bede key netritva kaa daavaa kiya, jisamen 16 seey 18 badey jahaaj aur 20 chhote jahaaj shamil they. sabhi ney bataaya, 40 seey adhik angreji jahaaj naheen they. raajaa johnn key avaidh bete, richard fitzroy ney ack jahaaj kii kamaan sambhali. 
angrej, jinhone lui kii senaa seey sandwich baramad kiya thaa, ney hamla karane seey pahale francisi senaa koo gujarane dene kaa faisala kiya. jaba francisi sandwich key paas seey ravaana hue, tou dee burg kaa bedaa bandargah seey jaari kiya gayaa. francisi bedaa, joe them key muhaane kii or nikat crum mein ravaana huaa, pahale havaa kii or kii sthiti mein thaa. dee burg kaa jahaaj, joe aage thaa, ack fent hamale mein francisi parr lune kiya, lekin dhamki milane parr door chalaa gayaa. apane admiral eustes kii salah key khilaf, courtney key atee aatmavishvaas vaale robbert ney francisi koo hamla karane kaa adesh diyaa. jaise hii francisi naukaayan chhota huaa, angreji jahaajon ney havaa kii sthiti praapt kii aur hamla kiya. iss beach, dee burg kaa pramukh peechhe seey francisi parr hamla karane key liye swatantra roop seey ravaana huaa, antatah dou francisi jahaajon parr kabja curr liya. 
apani oopar kii havaa kii sthiti kii sahaayata seey, angreji tirandaajon ney dushman key naavikon aur sainikon koo kaafee nuksan pahunchaaya, isase pahale kii francisi dhanushakar prabhaavi dhang seey jawab dene mein saksham hoe gaye. angreji ney choone key bartan bhee khole joe francisi key chehare parr uda gaye. yuddh kii shuruat mein, francisi pramukh ney richard fitzroy key jahaaj koo shamil kiya. jaise-jaise adhik angreji jahaaj saamane aae, way pramukh key khilaf ladaai mein shamil hoe gaye, jabaki anya francisi jahaajon ney apane tanga gathan koo banaae rakhaa, lekin apane pramukh kii sahaayata karane mein whiffle rahey. 
pembroke kaa cog aur fitzroy kaa jahaaj eustes key pramukh seey takaraata haye, pratyek taraf ack. ektarafa hathapai key baad, courtney key robbert aur francisi shurveeron koo firauti key liye pakad liya gayaa, jabaki francisi naavikon aur aam sainikon kaa narsamhar kiya gayaa. eustes, bilaj mein apane chhipane kii jagah seey ghasita gayaa, firauti key roop mein 10,000 ank dene kii peshkash kii. haalaanki usaki bahut adhik keemat lubhaane vaali thee, lekin raajaa johnn dwara samudri daku key rojgar key kaaran fitzroy aur anya angreji netaaon ney eustes koo ack turncoat maanaa. krodhit angreji dwara nishpaadan key liye chihnit, eustes koo baandh diyaa gayaa aur stephen crab naamak ack vyakti ney ack prahaar key saath usake sir parr prahaar kiya. 
apane pramukh vimaan key saath, francisi bedaa vaapas callace kii or badh gayaa. protsaahit kiya, angrejon ney dushman key jahaajon koo aksham karane key liye ramming, grappling aur rigging-cutting kaa upayog karke hamla kiya. nau jeevit sanic jahaaz door chaley gaye, lekin adhikansh chhote jahaaj angreji naavikon key shikaar hoe gaye. cumm seey cumm 15 jahaaj ugra angreji seey butch nikale. francisi sainikon ney apane aapoorti jahaajon kii train koo apane bachaav key liye diyaa kyonki angrej chhote shilp koo lootane key liye ack taraf hoe gaye. francisi naavikon koo maar diyaa gayaa yaa channel mein fenk diyaa gayaa, sivaay pratyek pakade gaye jahaaj parr dou yaa teen purushon key jinhen bachaa liya gayaa thaa.
parinam.
loot kaa ack badaa hissa angreji naavikon koo diyaa gayaa, jabaki kuchh kaa upayog sandwich mein sant bartholomeu key aspatal kii sthaapana key liye kiya gayaa thaa. itihaaskaar thomas bee. coasten angreji jeet koo nirnaayak kahate hain. yuddh seey pahale rajkumar lui kii aapoorti mein kamee thee. channel key niyantran mein angreji key saath, lui koo apane francisi logistic aadhar seey poori tarah seey kaat diyaa gayaa thaa. angrej bairanon mein seey unake sahayogi apane liye ack samjhauta aur maafi chaahte they. 
12 sitambar koo kingsten onn themus mein shaanti parr hastakshar kiye gaye. prince luis ney aupchaarik roop seey ingland seey ack nirvikaar prasthaan kii anumati key badale mein angreji taaj key apane daavon koo tyag diyaa. heinry key kuchh samarthakon ney binaa shart aatmasamarpan key liye virodh kiya, lekin pembroke key earl ney adhik madhyam sharton key liye safaltapurvak tark diyaa. heinry III kii kshama key badale mein, joe bairan luis mein shamil hue they, unhein francisi rajkumar koo 10,000 ank dene key liye kahaa gayaa thaa taaki unaki vaapsee mein teji laaee jaa sakey. rajkumar lui ney maheene key anta seey pahale hii apana sthaan chhod diyaa.
sandarbh.