
mohammad-takee mesbah-yazdi

ayatollah takee mesbah (; janm takee gachi,), jinhen aamtaur parr mohammad-takee mesbah-yazdi (, 31 janwari 1935-1 janwari 2021) key roop mein jaanaa jaataa haye, ack irani shiya maulavi, daarshanik aur roodhivaadi raajneetik siddhantkar they jinhone islami kranti sthirata key morche key aadhyatmik netaa key roop mein kaary kiya.
vaha visheshagyon kii sabhaa key sadasya they, joe sarvocch netaa chunane key liye jimmedaar nikaay thaa, jahan unhone ack alpasankhyak gutt kaa netritva kiya thaa. unhein iran key dhaarmik shiksha key pramukh kendra, come shahar mein 'sabse roodhivaadi' aur sabse 'shaktishali' maulavi kuleen varg kahaa jaataa thaa.
1952 seey 1960 taka, pavitra shahar come mein, unhone ruhullah khomaini aur muhammad hussain tabatabai dwara padhaae jaane vaale pathyakramon mein bhaag liya; aur, lagbhag pandrah varshon taka, way muhammad-takee baahjaat faumani key chhaatr they.
mesbah yajdi ney islami darshan aur vishesh roop seey mullah sadra key "darshan key utkrisht school" (hikmat-aeye mutalia) kii vakaalat kii. unakaa maanana thaa kii irani dharm aur islami kranti key moolyon seey door jaa rahey they; aur irani sudhaar andolan dwara badhaava diye gaye paschimi shally kii swatantrata aur loktaantrik shasson kaa virodh kiya.
praarambhik jeevan aur shiksha.
mesbah yajdi kaa vaastavik antim naam "gachi" thaa, joe ack vyaavsaayik upnaam thaa joe unake poorvajon dwara ack prakaar key paaramparik joote kaa utpaadan karane kaa sanket detaa haye jise gahh kahaa jaataa haye. 13 saal kii umr mein yajad shahar mein apani praathamik shiksha poori karane key baad, unhone apane grihnagar key ack madarse khaan school mein pravesh kiya. 1950 mein iraq mein najaf key hindi school mein jaane seey pahale unhone shahar key ack aur madarse, shafiya school mein bhee bhaag liya. iraq mein yajdi kaa adhyayan 7 maheene taka chalaa. isake baad vaha come madarse mein adhyayan karane key liye come chaley gaye, jahan unhone "fikah" (islami nyayshastra) mein apani shiksha jaari rakhee. unhone avicenna aur mullah sadra key karyon kaa adhyayan kiya. unake shikshakon mein ayatollah sayed hussain borujerdi, ayatollah ruhollah khomaini aur ayatollah mohammad taagi baahjaat faumani jaisi pramukh hastiyaan shamil theen. vaha kurran key prabhaavshaali shiya vyakhya "tafsir all-mizaan" key lekhak ayatollah allameh tabatabei key chhatron mein seey ack they. unhone 1960 mein snaatak kiya. 1979 kii islami kranti seey pahale, unhone anya maulaviyon kii sahaayata kii, arthaat.ee.muhammad beheshti aur allie akbar hashemi rafsanjani ney" "paigambar muhammad kaa mission" "aur" "badala" "naamak dou patrikaon koo prakaashit kiya aur" "badala" "mein sabhi prakaashan gatividhiyon key liye jimmedaar they.
raajneetik gatividhi.
1963-1989.
mesbah yajdi 1963 mein 15vein khordad andolan (ayatollah khomaini kii giraftari key khilaf pradarshan) key baad raajneetik roop seey sakriya hoe gaye. vaha shaah key shwet kranti sudhaaron key khilaf prasaarit yachikaon koo sangathit karane vaale samudaay mein shamil they. khomaini koo giraftari seey riha kiye jaane key baad, mesbah yajdi una maulaviyon mein seey they jinhone feziye school mein jashn manaaya. unhone 1964 mein ayatollah khomaini key nirvaasan seey pahale raajneetik gatividhi koo chhod diyaa aur dharamshastriya kaary mein vaapas chaley gaye. unhone aitihaasik sahamati seey incar karate hue kadee mehnat seey kritiyaan likhin kii allie shariyati key vichaaron ney 1979 kii irani kranti mein kuchh bhee yogdan diyaa. mesbah yajdi key baare mein bataaya jaataa haye kii way 1989 taka "raajneetik roop seey alag-thalag" rahey they, jaba ruhallah khomaini kii mrityu hoe gaee thee.
1997-2016.
1997 mein, rashtrapati mohammad khatami key chunaav key baad, mesbah yajdi ney iran key krantikari gaard aur hezboli koo hinsa sahit kissy bhee tarah seey sudhaar andolan koo rokane key liye protsaahit kiya.
akbar ganji ney 1998 mein paanch irani asantushton kii hatyaon key liye unhein "fatave yaa dhaarmik adesh jaari karane key liye protsaahit kiya thaa".
2003 mein sudhaar andolan key patan key baad, unake samarthakon ney sthaaniya aur sansadiya chunaavon mein laabh kamaaya. 2005 mein, mesbah yajdi ney mahmoud ahmedinejad kii rashtrapati pada kii bolly kaa samarthan kiya aur baad mein ahmedinejad kii jeet key baad "uchch padon parr wafadar samarthakon kii niyukti" key madhyam seey irani sarkaar mein "pratyaksh prabhaav" praapt kiya.
2009 kaa rashtrapati chunaav.
mesbah-yazdi ney 2009 mein ahmednejad kaa samarthan kiya aur apane chunaav koo ack chamatkar aur chhipe hue imam seey ack upahaar ghoshit kiya.
22 juuna koo, suraksha balon dwara sabse badey chunaav virodh pradarshanon mein seey ack koo todane key kuchh dinon baad, mesbah-yajdi ney krantikari guards kii ack sabhaa koo sambodhit kiya aur unase kahaah
"joe ghatanaaen aur bhookamp aae hain, unake baare mein chintit naa houn. zaan lein kii bhagwan ney iss duniya koo ack pariksha key roop mein banaaya haye... sarvocch netaa key paas bhagwan dwara hamein diye gaye kaee aashirvaad hain aur aisee anishchitataon key samay hamari aankhen unaki or mudani chaahiye."
haalaanki, 2011 taka, unhone ahmedinzad kii yeh kahate hue teekhi aalochana kii kii vaha "aswabhavik" vyavhaar curr rahey they aur unhein "bachaaya jaanaa" aavashyak thaa."ahmedinzad dwara sarvocch netaa allie khameni seey paramarsh kiye binaa khufiya mantri haider moslehi koo barkhast karane key baad, mesbah yajdi ney kahaa," ack insan iss tarah seey vyavhaar karega kii vaha apane sabse karibi doston aur sahyogiyon koo krodhit curr dey aur unhein virodhiyon mein badal dey, kissy bhee rajneta key liye taarkik naheen haye."
visheshagyon kii sabhaa.
kuchh sroton key anusaar, mesbah-yajdi key sarvocch netaa key roop mein khamenei key uttaradhikari banane kii mahatvakanksha rakhane kii afwah haye. kuchh maulaviyon aur kuchh samachar patron koo darr thaa kii mesbah-yajdi "wafadaron" key saath visheshagyon kii sabhaa koo "paik" karke apani shakti kaa vistaar karane kii koshish curr rhaa thaa."octuber 2006 mein, mesbah-yajdi key ack sahayogi, mojtaba samreh hashemi koo chunaav aayog kaa pramukh, visheshagyon kii sabhaa key liye chunaav kaa paryavekshak niyukt kiya gayaa thaa, aur 2006 key chunaavon kii visheshagya sabhaa mein kaee ummidwar mesbah-yajdi wafadar they (halanki way swatantra ummidvaaron key roop mein bhaag lete they taaki unhein apani sambaddhata kaa khulasa karane seey bachaa jaa sakey). haalaanki, unakaa samooh usa chunaav mein bahumat hassil karane mein whiffle rhaa, jisase vidhansabha vyaavhaarik roodhivaadiyon key haathon mein chully gaee. mesbah-yajdi ney khud ack seat jeeti lekin tehran nagarpalika mein kewal chhathe sthaan parr rahey, jahan way bhaag lete they, aur vidhansabha mein alpasankhyak gutt thaa. 2016 mein way vidhansabha key liye phir seey chunaav key liye haar gaye they.
carrier.
mesbah yajdi kaa maanana thaa kii hauja kii shiksha pranali koo badala jaanaa chaahiye aur unake prastaav koo sayed hussain borujerdi dwara anumodit kiya gayaa thaa, isaliye unhone aur mohammad beheshti ney iran key bhavishya key caders koo prashikshit karane key liye come mein hagani school (hakkani bhee) kii sthaapana kii. mesbah-yazdi koo khomini key pahale naamit uttaradhikari ayatollah mohammad beheshti key karibi key roop mein varnit kiya gayaa thaa, jinaki 1981 mein hafte tir bambari mein hatyaa curr dee gaee thee (ack madhyampanthi maane jaane key bavjood), aur vaha (yaa they) school key nideshak mandal key sadasya hain. hagani school bahut prabhaavshaali haye aur ise "islami ganarajya key liye ack prakaar kaa paaristhitiki rashtriya prashaasan" key roop mein varnit kiya gayaa thaa, jisake poorv chhaatr "iran key pramukh raajneetik aur suraksha sansthanon koo chalaane vaale lipic prabandhan varg kii reedh hain."
mesbah-yazdi ney fikah, kurran vyakhya, devatva aur islam key samanya muddon parr kaee kitaaben likhi hain. unake "amujesh-aeye falsfeh" kaa vyaapak roop seey come key hauzaa key darshan vargon mein upayog kiya jaataa haye. yeh motey taur parr usee aadhar koo shamil kartaa haye joe alameh tabtabai kii arabi bhasha mein darshan "bidaayat all-hikma" aur "nihaayat all-hikma" mein haye. mesbah-yajdi kaa "amujesh-aeye falsfeh" angreji anuvaad mein gairi legenhousen aur ajeem sarvadalir dwara "daarshanik nirdeshon" key roop mein prakaashit kiya gayaa haye.
unhone saptahik "parto sokhan" prakaashit kiya, joe kii come mein imam khomaini shiksha aur anusandhaan sansthaan key nideshak they, (1995 mein sthaapit), aur 
1991 seey 2016 taka irani visheshagyon kii sabhaa key sadasya they.
juuna 1997 key rashtrapati chunaav key baad, usa samay apekshaakrit adhik khule raajneetik vatavaran mein, mesbah yajdi key chhatron ney poorv rashtrapati mohammad khatmi key alochakon key roop mein mahatvapurna bhoomika nibhai. natijatan, mesbah yajdi kaa naam media mein adhik baar dikhaai diyaa aur adhik prasiddh hoe gayaa. unhone mahmoud ahmedinejad kii safal rashtrapati pada kii bolly kaa samarthan kiya, halanki baad mein unhone unaki aalochana kii.
drishya.
mesbah yajdi koo iran mein "kattarpanthiyon key ack siddhantkar" key roop mein varnit kiya gayaa thaa, aur "paschimi sanskriti key khilaf haye", yeh kahate hue kii "aajkal... aggar koee "swatantrata aur loktantra key liye kuchh mahatvapurna" kahata haye, tou usey gambhir khatare kaa saamana karna padegaa."unhone" "zionists" "koo prithvi parr burai kaa maulik srot maanaa.
sambaddh press key ack lekh mein, yajdi dwara likhi gaee 2005 kii ack pustak key havaale seey, appy ney jore dekar kahaa kii yajdi ney 'vishesh hathiyaron' key utpaadan key liye ack durlabh saarvajanik ahwan kiya joe kuchh deshon kaa ekadhikar haye-paramanu hathiyaron kaa ack paroksh sandarbh."
apani website parr post kiye gaye ack vyakhyan mein, ayatollah mesbah yajdi ney muslim "jhooth key thagon aur shaitan key anuyaayiyon" key baare mein chetavani dee haye jinhone ack
 bevafai aur pakhand kii taakton kaa gathbandhan, dollar aur euro/sonaa aur chaandi key sevak, aur islam koo ukhaad fenkane key liye prabhaavshaali utpeedakon aur gaddaron, musalmaanon seey ladane key liye, unake deshon, dhana aur sansadhanon parr haavi honey key liye, unake gaurav aur utkrishtata koo aswikar karane key liye, unaki sanskriti aur shikshaon koo nasht karane key liye, unaki pehchaan koo badalane key liye, unhein iss duniya mein dayaniya sthiti mein daalane key liye, aur unhein iss duniya mein aur aakhirat mein bhagwan kii sajaa mein majboor karane key liye.
mesbah-yazdi ney 1979 kii irani kranti key moolyon kii or lautane kaa samarthan kiya. unakaa maanana thaa kii ack "islami ganarajya" iss aadhar parr ack virodhabhas haye kii ack sahee mayane mein islami sarkaar kewal logon key liye sarvocch fakih key prati apani nishtha vyakt karane key liye ack tareeke key roop mein "chunaav" aayojit karegi. matdaataon key liye pratinidhiyon aur neetiyon key beach chunaav karane key avsar key roop mein chunaav ack islami they. islami ganarajya iran key "gantantra ghatak" koo dharmnirpeksh taakton key liye ack riyayat key roop mein sthaapit kiya gayaa thaa aur "islami pranali" key vaastavik saar koo chhodane key liye ise "chheen liya jaanaa chaahiye."unhone kahaa thaa," isase koee fark naheen padata kii loga kyaa sochate hain. loga agyaani bhed hain."
mesbah-yazdi iran mein sudhaarvaadi andolan key bhee dridh virodhi they, jinka maanana thaa kii ack islami sarkaar koo "yuddh" karna chaahiye... kyonki bhraamak vichaaron koo [islam mein sudhaar key] injection denaa aids virus koo injection dene key samaan haye!". unhone yeh bhee daavaa kiya kii videsh mein adhyayan karane key baad shasson parr sawal uthaane vaale yuva irani kewal isaliye aisaa karate they kyonki unhein videshi vishvavidyalayon dwara 'manovaigyaanik yuddh' mein prashikshit kiya gayaa thaa. rashtrapati khatami ney ack baar unhein "hinsa kaa siddhantkar" kahaa thaa.
2005 mein, unhone ack fatwa jaari kiya jisamen iraniyon seey aagrah kiya gayaa kii way mahmoud ahmedinejad koo vote dein, joe ack poorv chhaatr aur "aashrit" hain, jinhen way "ack vaichaarik aur aadhyatmik maargdarshak" maanate hain, aur jinake saath way kathit taur parr saptahik roop seey mille they.
gulami key mudde parr mesbah yajdi ney kahaah
aaj bhee, aggar hamaare aur kaafiron key beach yuddh hotaa haye, tou humm gulam leey lenge. gulami parr shasson samaapt naheen huaa haye aur shashwat haye. humm gulamon koo lenge aur humm unhein islam kii duniya mein laayenge aur unhein musalmaanon key saath rakhenge. humm unakaa margadarshan karenge, unhein musalman banaa denge aur phir unhein unake deshon mein vaapas curr denge.
kaee pramukh shiya maulaviyon kii tarah, unhone kurran key vibhinn chhandon aur paigambar aur unake anuyaayiyon key varnan (hadis) kii shaabdik vyakhyaon kaa samarthan kiya. ayatollah mesbah yajdi ney bidaa yaa dharm mein navacharon kaa virodh kiya, jisamen unakaa maanana thaa kii sunn aur kurran kii naee vyaakhyaaen shamil hain. unhein yeh kahate hue uddhrit kiya gayaa thaah "aggar koee aapako bataata haye kii usake paas islam kii ack naee vyakhya haye, tou usey munh mein dabaa dein."
agast 2009 mein, unhone sarvocch netaa allie khameni koo kamjor karane key khilaf irani vipakshi samoohon koo chetavani dete hue kahaa, 
"jaba rashtrapati koo netaa dwara samarthan diyaa jaataa haye, tou unakaa paalan karna bhagwan key prati aagyakarita key samaan hotaa haye."
vivaad.
ayatollah mesbah yajdi koo hojtih samooh seey "sambaddh" bataaya gayaa thaa. mesbah ney iss baat kaa khandan kiya aur afwah kii ninda karate hue kahaa kii aggar kissy koo usake aur hojtih key beach koee sambandh milata haye, tou vaha vaha sub kuchh tyag dega jisake liye vaha khadaa haye. ayatollah khomaini ney vaastav mein hojatih parr gussa kiya aur samooh koo 1983 mein nammatra key liye bhang curr diyaa gayaa thaa.
saarvajanik chhavi.
march 2016 mein irani nagrikon key beach "soochana aur janmat samadhan llc" (ipos) dwara kiye gaye ack sarvekshan key anusaar, mesbah koo 18 pratishat anumodan aur 20 pratishat asweekriti rating millie thee aur iss prakaar-2 pratishat shuddh lokpriyata thee; jabaki 52 pratishat uttardaataon ney naam koo naheen pahachaana.
vyaktigat jeevan.
unhone 1950 key dashak mein apani patni seey shaadi kii, joe ayatollah hussain noori hamdani key parivaar seey hain. dampati key teen bachche they, dou bete aur ack betty. unake donon beton koo maulavi kahaa jaataa haye aur unamen seey ack ney kanada key montrial, quebeck key mcgill vishvavidyalaya mein adhyayan kiya haye. betty kaa vivaah hujjat all-islam mohammadi aragi seey huaa haye, joe sanskriti aur islami margadarshan mantralaya key ack upkhand, "islami sanskriti aur sanchaar sangathan" kaa netritva kartaa thaa.

