
argonaut

argonaut protein parivaar, joe pahali baar apane vikaasvaadi roop seey sanrakshit stame cell kaary key liye khoja gayaa thaa, rna-prerit maun parisar (aar. aiss. see.) key aavashyak ghatakon key roop mein rna maun prakriyaon mein kendriya bhoomika nibhaata haye. risk jeane koo shaant karane kii ghatana key liye jimmedaar haye jise aar. aine. aeye. hastakshep (aar. aine. aeye.) key roop mein jaanaa jaataa haye. argonaut protein chhote gair-coding aar. aine. aeye. key vibhinn vargon koo baandhate hain, jinamen microrna (mirna), chhote hastakshep karane vaale aar. aine. aeye. (sirna) aur peevi-interacting aar. aine. aeye. (pirna) shamil hain. chhote aar. aine. aeye. anukram poorakta (aadhar jodee) key madhyam seey orgonute protein koo unake vishisht lakshyon taka leey jaate hain, joe phir aim. aar. aine. aeye. daraar, anuvaad avrodh aur/yaa aim. aar. aine. aeye. kshay kii shuruat kii or leey jaataa haye.
iss protein parivaar kaa naam "arabidopsis thaliana" mein pahale key utparivartan key parinamswarup ack utparivarti phenotype seey liya gayaa haye, jisaki tulanaa bohert aur anya dwara kii gaee thee. pelogic octopus "argonata argo" kii upasthiti key liye.
aar. aine. aeye. hastakshep.
aar. aine. aeye. hastakshep (aar. aine. aeye.) ack javic prakriya haye jisamen aar. aine. aeye. anu jeane abhivyakti koo rokte hain. avrodh kii vidhi vishisht aim. aar. aine. aeye. anuon key vinash key madhyam seey yaa kewal protein anuvaad koo dabaane key madhyam seey haye. parjivi nucleotide anukramon key khilaf koshikaon kii raksha karane mein aar. aine. aeye. hastakshep kii mahatvapurna bhoomika haye. jaanvaron sahit kaee eukariotes mein, aar. aine. aeye. hastakshep maarg paaya jaataa haye, aur yeh enzyme dicer dwara shuru kiya jaataa haye. dicer lambe dohare fanse hue aar. aine. aeye. (dee. aiss. aar. aine. aeye., joe aksar virus aur chhote hastakshep karane vaale aar. aine. aeye. mein paae jaate hain) anuon koo lagbhag 20 nucleotide sirna key chhote dohare fanse hue tukadon mein vibhajit kartaa haye. dee. aiss. aar. aine. aeye. koo phir dou ekal-fanse hue aar. aine. aeye. (aiss. aiss. aar. aine. aeye.) mein vibhajit kiya jaataa haye-yatri strand aur guide strand. baad mein, yatri strand koo kharaab curr diyaa jaataa haye, jabaki guide strand koo aar. aine. aeye.-prerit silencing complexes (aar. aaee. aiss. see.) mein shamil kiya jaataa haye. aar. aine. aeye. kaa sabse achchi tarah seey adhyayan kiya gayaa parinam post-transcriptional jeane silencing haye, joe taba hotaa haye jaba guide strand ack sandeshvaahak aar. aine. aeye. anu mein ack poorak anukram key saath jodaa jaataa haye aur argonaut dwara daraar koo prerit kartaa haye, joe aar. aine. aeye.-prerit silencing complexes key mool mein sthit haye.
argonaut protein aar. aine. aeye.-prerit maun parisar kaa sakriya hissa hain, joe lakshya aim. aar. aine. aeye. strand koo unake bandhe sirna key poorak key roop mein vibhajit karate hain. saiddhaantik roop seey dicer chhote dohare-fanse hue tukadon kaa utpaadan kartaa haye isaliye dou karyatmak ekal-fanse hue sirna kaa bhee utpaadan honah chaahiye. lekin yahaan dou ekal-fanse hue aar. aine. aeye. mein seey kewal ack kaa upayog lakshya aim. aar. aine. aeye. key saath aadhar jodee key liye kiya jaayega. ise guide strand key roop mein jaanaa jaataa haye, joe argonaut protein mein shamil hotaa haye aur jeane koo shaant kartaa haye. aar. aine. aeye.-prerit maun jatil prakriya key dauran anya ekal-fanse hue yatri strand kaa ksharan hoe jaataa haye.
ack baar jaba argonaut chhote aar. aine. aeye. key saath judaa hotaa haye, tou peevi domen dwara pradaan kii jaane vaali enzymatic gatividhi kewal chhote hastakshep karane vaale aar. aine. aeye. key yatri strand koo alag karati haye. aar. aine. aeye. strand prithakkaran aur argonaut protein mein samavesh aar. aine. aeye. duplexes key 5 '-chhor parr hydrogen bonned interaction kii taakat dwara nirdeshit kiya jaataa haye, jise asamaroopata niyam key roop mein jaanaa jaataa haye. madhyavarti aar. aine. aeye. duplexes key dou taaron key beach poorakta kii degree bhee paribhaashit karati haye kii kaise mirna koo vibhinn prakaar key argonaut protein mein krambaddh kiya jaataa haye.
jaanvaron mein, mirna seey judey argonaut, marna key 3 '-anuvaadit kshetra seey judate hain aur vibhinn tarikon seey protein key utpaadan koo rokte hain. lakshit aim. aar. aine. aeye. mein argonaut protein kii bharti aim. aar. aine. aeye. ksharan koo prerit curr sakati haye. argonaut-mirna parisar aim. aar. aine. aeye. key 5 '-anta mein karyatmak ribosome key gathan koo bhee prabhaavit curr sakata haye. yahaan parisar anuvaad aarambh karakon aur/yaa ribozome assembly koo nirast karane key saath pratispardha kartaa haye. isake alawa, argonaut-mirna parisar peptides yaa post translational modifying enzyme jaise cellular karakon kii bharti karke protein utpaadan koo samaayojit curr sakata haye, joe polypeptides key badhane koo cumm karate hain.
paudhon mein, ack baar jaba lakshya aim. aar. aine. aeye. key saath "dee novo" double-stranded (dee. aiss.) aar. aine. aeye. duplexes utpann hoe jaate hain, tou ack agyaat aar. aine. aeye.-III-jaisa enzyme nae sirna kaa utpaadan kartaa haye, joe phir paivi domen vaale argonaut protein parr load hotey hain, jisamen utprerak emino acid avasheshon kii kamee hoti haye, joe vishisht jeane silencing key ack aur star koo prerit curr sakate hain.
karyatmak kshetra aur tantra.
argonaut (poorv) jeane parivaar chhah vishisht domen key liye kootbaddh kartaa haih aine-terminal (aine), linker-1 (ell1), paaz, linker-2 (ell2), madhya aur ack see-terminal peevi domen.
paaz domen kaa naam drosophila peevi, arabidopsis argonaut-1, aur arabidopsis zville (jise pinhead key roop mein bhee jaanaa jaataa haye, aur baad mein iska naam badalkar argonaut-10 curr diyaa gayaa) key jeane naamon seey banaa ack sankshipt naam haye, jahan domen koo pahali baar sanrakshit maanaa gayaa thaa. paaz domen ack aar. aine. aeye. binding module haye joe sirna, mirna aur pirna key ekal-fanse hue 3 'chhoron koo ack anukram swatantra tareeke seey pahachaantaa haye. 
drosophila peevi protein ney iss visheshta rupankan koo apana naam diyaa. sanrachanaatmak roop seey rnaseh key samaan, peevi kshetra lakshya daraar key liye aavashyak haye. aspartate-aspartate-glutamate triade key saath sakriya sthal utpreran key liye aavashyak ack dvivaarshik dhaatu aayan koo aashray detaa haye. pahale key parivaar key sadasya jinhone vikas key dauran iss sanrakshit visheshta koo khou diyaa thaa, unamen daraar gatividhi kii kamee hogi. maanav mein pahale, peevi rupankan peevi boxes mein protein-protein antahkriya kaa bhee madhyasthata kartaa haye, jahan yeh rnase III domen mein seey ack parr dicer seey judataa haye.
peevi aur madhya domen key interfaces parr sirna, mirna yaa pirna kaa 5 'phosphat baithata haye, joe karyakshamta mein aavashyak paaya jaataa haye. madhya mein ack mc rupankan haye, ack samroop sanrachana joe aaee. aaee. aff. 4ee. mein paae jaane vaale topi-bandhan sanrachana rupankan kii nakal karane key liye prastaavit haye. baad mein yeh paaya gayaa kii aim. see. rupankan aim. aar. aine. aeye. topi bandhan mein shamil naheen haye. 
parivaar key sadasya.
manushyon mein, parivaar key aathh sadasya pahale key hain, jinamen seey kuchh kii gahan jaanch kii jaati haye. haalaanki, halanki pahale 1-4 mirna, endonucles gatividhi koo load karane mein saksham hain aur iss prakaar aar. aine. aaee.-nirbhar jeane silencing vishesh roop seey pahale 2 seey sambandhit haye. poore parivaar mein paaz aur peevi domen key anukram sanrakshan koo dekhate hue, pahale 2 kii vishishtata yaa tou aine-terminus yaa paaz aur peevi rupankanon koo jodane vaale antaral kshetra seey utpann honey kii dhaarana haye.
kaee baar paudhon mein parivaar key sadasya bhee adhyayan koo aakarshit karate they. pahale 1 mirna seey sambandhit aar. aine. aeye. ksharan mein shamil haye, aur roopjanan mein kendriya bhoomika nibhaata haye. kuchh jeevon mein, epigenetic silencing key liye isaki sakht aavashyakta hoti haye. yeh swayam mirna dwara niyantrit kiya jaataa haye. pahale 4 mein aar. aine. aeye. key ksharan kaa nirdesh naheen haye, balki chhote aar. aine. aeye. (aiss. aim. aar. aine. aeye.) maarg key madhyam seey dee. aine. aeye. methylation aur anya epigenetic viniyaman shamil haye. pahale 10 paadap vikas mein shamil haye. pahale 7 kaa kaary pahale 1 aur 10 seey alag haye, aur yeh transgene dwara prerit jeane maun mein naheen paaya jaataa haye. isake bajaay, yeh paudhon mein vikas key samay seey sambandhit haye.
roga aur upchaaraatmak upkaran.
argonaut protein koo cancer seey judey honey kii soochana dee gaee thee. agnashay key cancer jaise vishesh roop seey pehchaane gaye jeane kii chayanaatmak yaa uchch abhivyakti seey judee beemariyon key liye, aar. aine. aeye. hastakshep kii uchch anukram vishishtata ise ack upayukt upchaar key liye upayukt banaa sakati haye, vishesh roop seey utparivartit antarjansheel jeane anukramon seey judey cancer kaa mukabala karane key liye upayukt. yeh bataaya gayaa haye kii kaee chhote gair-coding aar. aine. aeye. (microrna) maanav cancer seey sambandhit hain, jaise kii meer-15aeye aur meer-16aeye koo aksar hataa diyaa jaataa haye aur/yaa rogiyon mein cumm-viniyamit kiya jaataa haye. bhale hii mirna key javic karyon koo poori tarah seey samajha naheen gayaa haye, vikas aur chayapachaya key dauran koshika prasaar aur koshika mrityu key samanvaya mein mirna kii bhoomikaon kaa khulasa kiya gayaa haye. yeh vishvaas kiya jaataa haye kii darpan vibhinn staron parr nakaratmak yaa sakaratmak viniyaman kaa nirdeshan curr sakate hain, joe vishisht darpan aur lakshit aadhar jodee kii baatchit aur unhein pahchaanane vaale saha-karakon parr nirbhar kartaa haye.
kyonki yeh vyaapak roop seey gyaat haye kii kaee viruses mein aanuvanshik samagri key roop mein dee. aine. aeye. key bajaay aar. aine. aeye. hotaa haye aur jaba way dohare fanse hue aar. aine. aeye. banaate hain tou apane jeevan chakr mein cumm seey cumm ack charan seey gujarate hain, aar. aine. aeye. hastakshep koo virus seey jeevon kii raksha key liye ack sambhaavit vikaasvaadi pracheen tantra maanaa gayaa haye. dicer dwara utpaadit chhote hastakshep karane vaale aar. aine. aeye. ack endonuclease, aar. aine. aeye.-prerit maun parisar (aar. aiss. see.), koo aim. aar. aine. aeye. mein margadarshan karke anukram vishisht, anulekhan key baad key jeane koo shaant karate hain. iss prakriya koo jeevon kii ack vistrit shrinkhala mein dekhaa gayaa haye, jaise kii "neurospora" kavak (jisamen ise shaman key roop mein jaanaa jaataa haye), paudhe (anulekhan key baad jeane maun) aur standhari koshikaaen (aar. aine. aaee.). yadi chhote aar. aine. aeye. aur lakshya key beach ack poorna yaa lagbhag poorna anukram poorakta haye, tou risk kaa argonaut protein ghatak lakshya pratilekh key daraar koo madhyasthata kartaa haye, tantra mein mukhya roop seey anuvaad kaa daman shamil haye.
mahatvapurna roop seey, argonaut 4 (poorv 4)-kii kamee vaale influenzae-sankramit choohon kaa bhaar aur vivo mein viral titers kaafee adhik hotey hain joe poorv 1 yaa poorv 3 kii kamee vaale choohon key vipareet hotey hain. isaliye, standhari koshikaon mein poorv 4 kaary kaa vishisht prachaar ack prabhaavi antiviral ranneeti hoe sakati haye.
procariotic argonaut protein key jaiv praudyogiki anuprayog.
2016 mein, hebei vigyaan aur praudyogiki vishvavidyalaya key ack samooh ney "netronobacterium gregori" seey ack procariotic argonaut protein kaa upayog karke genome sampadan kii soochana dee. halanki, genome sampadan key liye dee. aine. aeye.-nirdeshit naabhik key roop mein argonaut protein key anuprayog key sakshya parr pramukh patrika seey daave koo vaapas lene key saath sawal uthaaye gaye hain. 2017 mein, ilinois vishvavidyalaya key ack samooh ney kritrim pratibandh enzymon key roop mein dee. aine. aeye. "inn vitro" koo sampaadit karane key liye guide dee. aine. aeye. key saath "pyrococcus furiosus" (pee. aff. aeye. jee.) seey liye gaye procariotic argonaut protein kaa upayog karane kii soochana dee. pfago adharit kritrim pratibandh enzymon kaa upayog enzymatic nicking key madhyam seey deshi dee. aine. aeye. anukramon parr detta sangraheet karane key liye bhee kiya gayaa thaa.

