
sts-31

aiss. tii. aiss.-31 nassa key antariksh yaan karyakram kaa 35vaan mission thaa. iss mission kaa praathamik uddeshya prithvi kii nichali kaksha mein habale space telescope (hst) kii tainaati thee. iss mission mein antariksh shuttle "khoj" (iss orbiter key liye dasvaan mission) kaa upayog kiya gayaa, jise 24 aprail, 1990 koo kenedi antariksh kendra, florida seey prakshepan parisar 39bee seey uthaaya gayaa thaa.
chunauti dene vaale durghatana key baad mission number parr spashteekaran kii aavashyakta thee. choonki sts-51-ell koo bhee sts-33 naamit kiya gayaa thaa, isaliye sts-33 designers key madhyam seey pichhale sts-26 key saath bhavishya kii udaanon key liye ack mission seey dusare mission mein tracking detta mein sangharsh seey bachane key liye unake dastavejikaran mein aar kii aavashyakta hogi.
"khoj key chaalak dall ney 25 aprail, 1990 koo hablab space telescope koo tainaat kiya, aur phir mission key baaki hisse koo shuttle key payload bey mein vibhinn vaigyaanik prayogon kii dekhbhal karane key saath-saath mission koo record karane key liye imax camers key ack sett kaa sanchaalan karane mein bitaaya. "khoj" kaa prakshepan janwari 1986 key baad pahali baar huaa jaba dou antariksh shuttle ack hii samay mein prakshepan paid parr they-39bee parr "" khoj "" aur 39aeye parr "" columbia "". 
dall.
chaalak dall nott kartaa haye.
iss mission koo mool roop seey agast 1986 mein "atlantis" kaa upayog karke sts-61-jey key roop mein udaaya jaanaa thaa, lekin "challenger" aapada key kaaran sthagit curr diyaa gayaa thaa. johnn doubleu. young koo mool roop seey iss mission kii kamaan saunpi gaee thee, joe unaki saatvin antariksh udaan hogi, lekin unhein ack prashaasnik pada parr phir seey niyukt kiya gayaa aur lorren jey dwara pratisthaapit kiya gayaa. 1988 mein shriver.
mission highlites.
sts-31 koo 24 aprail, 1990 koo 8:33:51 aeye parr launch kiya gayaa thaa.aim. aid. 10 aprail, 1990 koo ack prakshepan prayaas koo sahayak bijli ikai (aeye. pee. yuu.) number ack mein ack doshpurna valve key liye tii-4 minut mein scrub kiya gayaa thaa. antatah apu koo badal diyaa gayaa aur hablab space telescope kii baitariyon koo recharge kiya gayaa. prakshepan key dinn, ulati ginati koo tii-31 sekand mein kuchh samay key liye roque diyaa gayaa thaa jaba "khoj" key computer jamini samarthan upkaran parr ack eendhan valve line koo bund karane mein whiffle rahey. engineeron ney valve koo bund karane kaa adesh diyaa aur ginati jaari rahee.
iss mission kaa mukhya uddeshya hubble koo tainaat karna thaa. ise prithvi key ashant aur aspasht vatavaran key oopar kaam karane key liye banaaya gayaa thaa taaki parabaingani, drishyamaan aur nikat-avarakt tarang dairdhya parr khagoliya vastuon kaa nireekshan kiya jaa sakey. hablab mission 1970 key dashak key anta mein vaapas jaane vaalaa ack sanyukt nassa-essa (europeeya antariksh agency) prayaas thaa. mission kaa baaki hissa photography aur onboard prayogon key liye samarpit thaa. hst koo ack aisee kaksha mein launch karane key liye joe lambi umr kii guaranti detee haye, "khoj" ney chaaron or kii kaksha mein pravesh kiya. mission key dauran ack bindu parr, "khoj" sankshipt roop seey ack apoji taka pahunch gaee, joe ack shuttle orbiter dwara abb taka kii sabse adhik oonchaai parr pahunch gaee thee. record oonchaai ney chaalak dall koo prithvi kii badey paimaane parr bhaugolik visheshtaon kii tasveer lene kii anumati dee joe nichali kakshaon seey spasht naheen hain. dou imax camers dwara chalchitron koo record kiya gayaa thaa, aur parinam 1994 kii imax film "destiny inn space" mein dikhaai diye. mission parr prayogon mein ack jaiv chikitsa praudyogiki adhyayan, unnat samagri anusandhaan, kann sandushan aur ayankari vikiran maap, aur electronic chapon parr shoonya gurutvaakarshan prabhaavon kaa adhyayan karane vaali ack chhaatr vigyaan pariyojana shamil thee. "apani samanya kaksha seey adhik uchch kaksha seey khoj key punah pravesh key liye 4 minut aur 58 sekand key deorbit burn kii aavashyakta hoti haye, joe usa samay taka shuttle key itihas mein sabse lamba thaa. "khoj" ney bhee mission key dauran prithvi kii parikrama 80 baar kii.
hablab kii tainaati key dauran, vedhshala key saur saraniyon mein seey ack koo utaarate samay bund curr diyaa gayaa. jabaki ground controller saur sarani koo hataane key liye hst koo adesh dene kaa ack tarika khojate they, mission visheshagyon mccandless aur sullivan ney ack aakasmik antariksh mein chalane kii taiyari shuru curr dee, iss sthiti mein kii sarani koo ground controll key madhyam seey tainaat naheen kiya jaa sakaa. sarani antatah mukt hoe gaee aur ground controll key madhyam seey unfirled hoe gaee, jabaki mccandless aur sullivan aanshik roop seey avasaadgrast airlock key ander poorv-saans leey rahey they.
dwiteeyak payload mein chaalak dall key kebin key baahar sanchaalan kaa dastavejikaran karane key liye imax cargo bey camera (aaee. see. bee. see.) aur orbiter key ander upayog key liye ack haath seey pakada jaane vaalaa imax camera shamil thaa. payload bey mein kann padaarth kaa pataa lagaane key liye ascent partical monitor (aeye. pee. aim.) bhee shamil they; microgravity mein badhate protein chrystal parr detta pradaan karane key liye ack protein chrystal vriddhi (pee. see. jee.) prayog, chaalak dall key kaksh mein gaama kiran key star koo maapane key liye vikiran nigrani upkaran (aar. aim. ee. aaee.); microgravity vatavaran mein chhidrata niyantran nirdhaarit karane key liye bahulak jhilli prasanskaran (aaee. pee. aim. pee.) mein jaanch, aur ack vayu bull maau optical site (aim. oh. aiss.) prayog.
iss mission ney ack maanav khopadi kii udaan koo chihnit kiya, joe "vistrit maadhyamik uddeshya 469" key praathamik tatva key roop mein kaary kartaa thaa, jise udaan mein vikiran khuraak vitaran (idrd) prayog key roop mein bhee jaanaa jaataa haye. iss sanyukt nassa/dodd prayog koo antariksh udaan key dauran maanav kapaal mein vikiran key pravesh kii jaanch karane key liye design kiya gayaa thaa. maadaa khopadi koo ack plastic matricks mein rakhaa gayaa thaa, joe ootak kaa pratinidhi thaa, aur duss paraton mein kaataa gayaa thaa. kaee gaharaai parr vikiran key star koo record karane key liye khopadi kii paraton mein saikadon thermo-luminacent dosimeter lagaae gaye they. yeh prayog, joe sts-28 aur sts-36 parr bhee udataa thaa, sabhi teen udaanon parr shuttle key madhya-deck locker mein sthit thaa, joe vibhinn kakshiya jhukaav parr vikiran key star koo record kartaa thaa.
"khoj" 29 aprail, 1990 koo california mein edward air force bases parr runway 22 parr 6:49:57 a parr utaraa.aim. pee. dee. tii. landing mein 61 sekand kaa samay lagaa aur shuttle parr carbon break kaa pahala upayog kiya gayaa. "khoj" koo 7 maee, 1990 koo sts-31 key baad kenedi antariksh kendra mein vaapas curr diyaa gayaa thaa.
jaagane kii aavaazen.
nassa ney pariyojana jemini key dauran antariksh yaatriyon koo sangeet bajaane kii parampara shuru kii, jiska upayog pahali baar apolo 15 key dauran udaan dall koo jagaane key liye kiya gayaa thaa. pratyek track koo vishesh roop seey chunaa jaataa haye, aksar unake parivaaron dwara, aur aamtaur parr chaalak dall key ack vyaktigat sadasya key liye ack vishesh arth hotaa haye, yaa unaki dainik gatividhiyon parr lagu hotaa haye.