marwadi loga

marwadi yaa marwadi (devanaagarih marwadi) ack bhaaratiya jaatiya samooh haye joe bhaarat key rajsthan key marwad kshetra seey utpann hotaa haye. unaki bhasha, jise marwadi bhee kahaa jaataa haye, rajasthani bhaashaon kii chhatrachhaaya mein aatee haye, joe indo-aryan bhaashaon key paschimi kshetra kaa hissa haye.
way ack atyadhik safal vyaparik samudaay rahey hain, pahale rajput raajyon key yug key dauran antardeshiya vyapariyon key roop mein, aur baad mein audyogik utpaadan aur anya kshetron mein niveshakon key roop mein bhee. aaj, way desh key kaee sabse badey media samoohon koo niyantrit karate hain. halanki yeh poore bhaarat mein faila huaa haye, aitihaasik roop seey way kolkata, mumbai, chennai, dilli, nagpur, puney aur madhya aur purvi bhaarat key bheetari ilaakon mein sabse adhik kendrit rahey hain.
vyutpatti.
marwadi" shabd ack baar usa kshetra koo sandarbhit kartaa thaa joe marwad kii poorv riyasat seey ghiraa huaa thaa, jise bhaarat mein dakshin-paschim rajsthan kaa jodhpur kshetra bhee kahaa jaataa haye. jodhpur kshetra mein vartamaan mein baadmer, jalaur, jodhpur, nagaur, churu, paali aur seekar key kuchh hisse shamil hain. yeh samanya roop seey rajasthani logon key liye ack padnam key roop mein vikasit huaa haye, lekin iska upayog vishesh roop seey kuchh jaatiyon key sandarbh mein kiya jaataa haye joe baniya samudaay key bheetar aatee hain. inn samudaayon mein sabse pramukh agrawal, khandelwal, maheshwari aur oswal hain. yeh sambhav haye kii jodhpur key saath "marwadi" shabd kaa sambandh swatantrata poorv bhaarat mein usa sthaan key uchch darje key kaaran adhik haye.
dwijendra tripathi kaa maanana haye kii "marwadi" shabd kaa upayog shayed vyapariyon dwara kewal tabhi kiya jaataa thaa jaba way apane grih kshetra seey baahar hotey they; yaani pravaasi. annie hardgrove ney bhee iss tark kaa samarthan karate hue kahaa kii marwadi pehchaan kewal ack pravaasi key sandarbh mein maujood hoe sakati haye joe kaheen seey "seey" aaya thaa aur jaba taka way pravaas naheen curr gaye, taba taka unake paas aisaa koee pada naheen thaa.
itihas.
praarambhik utpatti.
marwadi vyapariyon kii aitihaasik roop seey aadat pravaasi rahee haye. iss visheshta key sambhaavit karanon mein pramukh gangaa-yamuna vyaapaar maarg seey unaki matribhoomi kii nikatata, akaal seey bachane key liye aavaajaahi aur uttar bhaarat key vibhinn shasakon dwara unhein diyaa gayaa protsaahan shamil haye, jinhone banking aur vitt mein apane kaushal rakhane mein laabh dekhaa.
rajput raajyon key beach yuddhon mein girawat key baad marwadi pravaas kaa swaroop teji seey alag hoe gayaa, jise marwadi ney vittaposhit karane mein madad kii thee, aur uttar bhaaratiya kafile key vyaparik maargon parr samudaay kaa prabhaav cumm hoe gayaa, jisake parinamswarup angrejon ney iss kshetra mein khud koo sthaapit kiya. pravaas key badale hue dhyaan koo angrejon dwara bhee protsaahit kiya gayaa, jinhone nae vyaparik maargon aur kendron kii sthaapana yaa sanrakshan kiya, saath hii saath rajput darbaaron key raajneetik mahatva mein girawat seey, jinaki prasiddh vishisht khapat koo marwadi dhana dwara samarthit kiya gayaa thaa. samudaay ney british upasthiti dwara pradaan kii gaee saapeksh suraksha kaa swaagat kiya, saath hii saath vaanijyik aur kanuni dhaanche joe unhone pradaan kiye aur joe mugal aur rajput shasson kii pichhali avadhi key dauran prachalit pranaliyon kii tulanaa mein marwadi gatividhiyon key liye adhik anukool they.
marwadi jagat sethh parivaar ney bangal key nawab key liye banker key roop mein kaary kiya.
british yug.
mugal adhikaar key patan key baad, marwadi vyaapaari, banker aur vittadaata kalkatta mein badhati british shakti mein chaley gaye. 1870 key dashak seey vishesh roop seey jansankhya mein ullekhaniya badalaav bombe mein 1835-1850 aur kolkata key beach, saath hii saath madrason mein bhee huaa. 
itihaaskaar medha aim. kudaisya ney kahaa haye kii maarvaadih
unnisvin aur beesavin shatabdi kii shuruat mein kaafee sankhya mein marwadi vyaparik samoohon ney satta baajaron mein apana bhaagya banaaya.
haalaanki british adhikaariyon key saath ghanishth aur saarvajanik sambandh banaae rakhate hue, marwadi vyaparik samudaay key sadasya bhaaratiya rashtriya congress key shuruati vittiya samarthak they, joe aksar gupt roop seey hotey they.
swatantra bhaarat.
1956 mein akhil bhaaratiya marwadi sangh ney maharashtra, tamilanadu aur aandhr pradesh mein kshetriya bhasha key samachar patron koo khareedate hue raajyon key ack bhashai sangathan kaa virodh kiya. aaj, way desh key kaee sabse badey media samoohon koo niyantrit karate hain.
1991 key aarthik sudhaaron key baad bhaaratiya arthavyavastha parr samudaay kaa prabhaav cumm hoe gayaa. 1990 mein 24 pratishat aarthik gatividhi koo niyantrit karane key charam seey, yeh 2000 mein girkar 2 pratishat seey bhee cumm hoe gayaa thaa. yeh vastuon key vyaapaar aur praathamik utpaadan key baahar nae udyogon key vikas koo darshaata haye. 2000 key liye yeh aankada 1939 kii sthiti seey cumm maanaa jaataa haye, jaba samudaay ney pahali baar apana punrutthan shuru kiya thaa.
bhasha.
marwadi, yaa marrubhasha, jaisa kii marwadi dwara sandarbhit kiya jaataa haye, marwadi jaatiyata kii paaramparik, aitihaasik bhasha haye. marwadi bhasha kaa rajasthani bhasha seey gahara sambandh haye. uttaraardh purani gujaraati (jise "purani paschimi rajasthani", "gurjar bhakha" yaa "maaroo-gurjar" bhee kahaa jaataa haye) seey vikasit huaa, joe gujaraat aur rajsthan mein logon dwara bolly jaane vaali bhasha haye. yeh dhyaan diyaa gayaa haye kii poore rajsthan raajya mein, loga apani bhasha koo naam seey pahchaanane seey bachate hain, marwadi saahitya key saath "rajasthani" bolane vaale aur maadhyamik star taka rajasthani key roop mein padhaae jaane vaale logon key roop mein apani pehchaan banaana pasand karate hain.
sanskriti.
marwadi koo ack kaskar buni hui samajik ekjutata key liye jaanaa jaataa haye, jise 1960 mein selig harrison ney "sabse majboot kshetriya solvents key prabhaav mein aghulansheel" key roop mein varnit kiya thaa. kathor parishram key anusaar, "aisaa lagata haye kii marwadi mahilaaon kaa mukhya kartavya apane patiyon, beton aur behnoi key liye ack sthir gharelu jeevan pradaan karna haye", halanki vaha sweekaar karati hain kii haal key varshon mein aisee kuchh mahilaaen dharmarth udyamon mein sanlagn honey aur yahaan taka kii apane swayam key vyavasaay chalaane key madhyam seey vyaapak duniya mein bhoomikaaen banaane kaa prayaas curr rahee hain.
nepal mein maarvaadiyon.
nepal kaa kendriya saankhyiki beuro maarvaadiyon (jinhen nepal kii janganana mein maarvaadiyon kahaa jaataa haye) koo "anya" key vyaapak samajik samooh key bheetar ack upsamooh key roop mein vargeekrit kartaa haye. 2011 kii nepal kii janganana key samay, 51,443 loga (nepal kii aabaadi kaa 0.20%) marwadi they. praant key anusaar maarvaadiyon kii aavritti iss prakaar theeh
nimnalikhit jilon mein maarvaadiyon kii aavritti rashtriya ausat (0.20%) seey adhik theeh

