
masala

marsala (,;) sisili key sabse paschimi bhaag mein trapani praant mein sthit ack italvi shahar haye. marsala apane praant kaa sabse adhik aabaadi vaalaa shahar haye aur sisili mein paanchvaan shahar haye.
yeh shahar 11 maee 1860 ("hazaar kaa abhiyaan") koo guseppe garribaldi key docking aur apani marsala sharaab key liye prasiddh haye. iss kshetra kii ack visheshta haye sthir lagoon praakritik bhandar-namak talabon vaalaa ack samudri kshetra.
marsala kaa nirmaan lilibeyam key pracheen carthagenian shahar key khandharon parr kiya gayaa haye, aur isake kshetra mein ack pracheen finician shahar, motya dweep kaa puraataatvik sthal shamil haye. aadhunik naam sambhavatah arabi ("marsa allie", "allie kaa bandargah"), yaa sambhavatah ("marsa lalaa", "bhagwan kaa bandargah") seey liya gayaa haye.
bhugol.
sisili key charam paschimi bindu parr sthit, shahar kii sthaapana lilibio cape parr kii gaee thee jahan seey agadian dweepon aur sthir lagoon koo dekhaa jaa sakata haye.
kshetra.
marsala kshetra mein ack samriddh saanskritik aur praakritik viraasat haye; isake kshetra mein sthir lagoon shamil haye, ack praakritik abhayaranya jisamen mojia dweep sthit haye.
1970 key anta taka, jaba ack sthaaniya janmat sangrah key baad, ack gaanv, petrocino, joe pahale marsala kaa hissa thaa, ney ack swa-shaasit shahar banane kaa faisala kiya, taba taka, marsala shahar kii aabaadi lagbhag 86,000 thee.
marsala key kshetra koo bhookampiya kshetra 2 (madhyam) key roop mein vargeekrit kiya gayaa haye. pichhale 200 varshon mein madhyam-uchch teevrata key teen bhookamp darj kiye gaeh
jalavaayu.
marsala mein germ-grishmakaaleen bhoomadhyasagariya jalavaayu (kopenah "see. aiss. aeye") haye, joe sisili key adhikansh tateey shaharon key samaan haye, jisamen germ aur shushk garmiyon key saath-saath madhyam geeli aur halki sardiyaan hoti hain. dharamshala mein mausam paas key trapani key samaan haye.
garmiyaan aam taur parr agast 2017 mein record adhikatam tapman key saath germ hoti hain. garmiyon mein, yeh kitna shushk haye, siroko havaa key prabhaav kaa anubhav karna asamanya naheen haye, joe sahaara seey dhool aur rait laataa haye.
sardiyaan aam taur parr varsha aur thhand hoti hain, jinka tapman nyuntam (disambar 2014 mein) aur tapman key beach hotaa haye. barfbari bahut cumm hoti haye, kyonki tapman kabhi bhee himank seey neeche naheen giraa haye, haalaanki burf pahale gir chuki haye, udaaharan key liye disambar 2014 mein.
pauranik kathaaen.
yunani pauranik kathaaon mein, beauts ekmatra argonaut they jinhone cyron key peechhe seey naukaayan karate hue samudra mein chhalang lagaai kyonki way unake gaayan key aakarshan kaa virodh naheen curr sakate they, lekin afrodite ney unhein bachaa liya aur unhein lilibeyam mein sthanantarit curr diyaa.
itihas.
carthagenian kaal.
409 eesaa poorv mein salinent koo jeetane key liye bheji gaee carthagenian senaa ney utarkar baad mein lilibeyam key sthaan key paas derra daala. 397 eesaa poorv mein jaba sisili key dakshin-paschimi tata parr motya kii finician coloney parr sirakusan atyachari dionysius pratham dwara aakraman kiya gayaa aur nasht curr diyaa gayaa thaa, tou bache hue logon ney paas kii mukhya bhoomi parr ack shahar kii sthaapana kii, aadhunik dinn key marsala kaa sthal, jise way ack punic naam seey bulaate they, jise yunani mein "lilibayan" () aur lattin mein "key roop mein darj kiya gayaa thaa. agali dou shataabdiyon mein, yeh nirmit vastuon key liye ack vyaapaar kendra bunn gayaa aur sardinia mein carthage aur carthagenian kshetron key beach ack ranneetik bandargah key roop mein kaary kiya. yeh shuru seey hii majboot rakshaatmak divaaron key saath banaaya gayaa thaa aur isamen teen judey hue bandargah they. punic lilibian parr kabhi vijay naheen millie, halanki ise kaee baar gher liya gayaa thaa.jee. epirus aur romanon key pirhas dwara. deevaaren antatah 10 meater seey adhik oonchi aur 7 meater motee theen. unhein 278 eesaa poorv mein lilibeyam kii pirhas kii gherabandi key liye pahali seey 10 meater kii doori parr doosari deewaar dwara majboot kiya gayaa thaa. gherabandi unake peechhe hatane seey pahale 2 maheene taka chully. yeh ekmatra shahar thaa jise pirhas sisili mein apane abhiyaan key dauran jeet naheen sakey.
pahala punic yuddh yahaan shuru huaa jaba punic senaa 265-264 eesaa poorv mein lilibion mein utari, phir sisili key paar messina kii or cooch kiya, jahan yuddh kaa pahala sangharsh huaa.
250 eesaa poorv mein romanon ney carthagenian mukhyalaya lilibeyam kii or 240 jahaajon kaa ack vishal nausainik abhiyaan bheja. donon vanijyadooton key netritva mein 4 senaaon kii ack vishal roman senaa bhee bheji gaee thee. carthagenian bhee iss bandargah key mahatva koo samajhate they aur lagbhag 10,000 bhaade key sainikon (selt aur greek) sahit shahar koo bachaane key liye apani poori senaa koo ack saath daalate they. carthagenian ney hannible kii kamaan mein africa seey 50 jahaajon koo bandargah key kendra kii or charge karke shahar koo bachaane kii koshish kii. romanon ney apane achaanak dikhane aur videshi bandargah mein pratikool havaaon key kaaran bede key pravesh koo rokane kaa prayaas naheen kiya.
249 eesaa poorv mein drepana mein ack aashcharyajanak hamale kaa prayaas karate hue roman bede koo haraaya gayaa thaa, jisake turant baad ack toofaan mein baaki bede kaa vinash hoe gayaa thaa. isase romanon koo ack lambi gherabandi key liye basane key liye majboor honah padaa.
lilibeyam (250 eesaa poorv) kii gherabandi 9 varshon taka chully aur roman safalata praapt naheen hui. carthage yuddh key dauran lilibeyam koo majboot karane aur phir seey aapoorti karane mein saksham thaa. kuchh gallic bhaade key sainikon ney shahar koo dhokha dene kii yojana banaai, lekin alexon, jinhone pahale aggregentum koo isi tarah key vishvaasghaat seey bachaaya thaa, ney carthagenian commander himilco koo soochit karke sajish koo whiffle curr diyaa.
241 eesaa poorv mein yeh shahar pahale punic yuddh koo samaapt karane vaali shaanti sandhi key hisse key roop mein romanon koo diyaa gayaa thaa aur phir sisili key sabse mahatvapurna shaharon mein seey ack bunn gayaa.
roman lilibeyam.
218 eesaa poorv mein, dusare punic yuddh mein, lilibeyam kii ladaai carthage aur rome kii nausenaon key beach ladee gaee thee jaba carthage ney ack adde koo phir seey sthaapit karane key liye shahar parr ack gupt chhaape kaa prayaas kiya thaa. lilibeyam key pretter marcus amelius koo aasann chhaape key baare mein bataaya gayaa aur unhone apane 20 jahaajon koo taiyar kiya joe 50 virodhi quinquerem koo haraane mein kamyab rahey.
gantantra kaal mein shahar haveli aur saarvajanik bhavanon seey samriddh thaa aur cicero dwara "shandar urb" kahaa gayaa thaa, jinhone 76 aur 75 eesaa poorv key beach iss kshetra mein quester key roop mein kaam kiya thaa. grihyuddhon key dauran lilibeyam koo dou baar gher liya gayaa thaa, 43 eesaa poorv mein sextus pompeous dwara aur 38 lapidus dwara, jisake dauran divaaron koo aur majboot kiya gayaa thaa jaisa kii ack shilalekh dwara dikhaaya gayaa haye.
shahar kii divaaron koo chauthe see mein chhod diyaa gayaa thaa. jaisa kii divaaron parr yaa unake buggle mein khadee imaraton dwara dikhaaya gayaa haye.
post-roman avadhi.
yeh shahar cumm seey cumm 5veen shatabdi esvi kii shuruat seey lilibeyam key diosis kaa kendra thaa. 5veen shatabdi esvi key dauran upadraviyon dwara tabah, shahar koo 6 veen shatabdi mein justinian key byzantine samrajya mein milaa diyaa gayaa thaa. iss avadhi mein shahar pechish seey prabhaavit thaa, samudri dakuon dwara chhaapa maaraa gayaa thaa aur nirantar logon dwara upekshit kiya gayaa thaa. 8veen shatabdi mein paas key grenitola parvat parr arabon key aagaman seey vanijya phir seey shuru huaa aur shahar kaa punarjanm shuru huaa. shahar kaa naam badalkar "mersa allie" "allie kaa bandargah" yaa shayed, "mersa allie", "badaa bandargah", pracheen bandargah kii chaudaai key liye, punta dee 'alga key paas rakhaa gayaa thaa. ack anya sambhaavit vyutpatti "marsa allah", "ishwar kaa bandargah" haye.
11veen shatabdi key anta seey, iss kshetra parr norman, angivin aur aragonese sainikon dwara vijay praapt kii gaee haye. iss dauran, mukhya roop seey vyaapaar key madhyam seey, masala samriddh hoe gayaa. haalaanki samrat charles banaam dwara sarasen akramanon koo rokane key liye panta alga key bandargah koo avaruddh karane kaa adesh diyaa gayaa, jisase samriddhi kii iss avadhi kaa anta huaa.
18veen shatabdi key anta mein sarsala sharaab key vikas, jisake netritva mein angreji vyaapaari sisili mein buss gaye, ney sthaaniya vyaapaar mein kaafee sudhaar kiya. isane marzilla mein aarthik vistaar koo badhaava diyaa, jisamen margitello key vartamaan bandargah jaisi buniyaadi dhancha pariyojanaon kaa vittaposhan bhee shamil thaa.
11 maee 1860 koo guseppe garibaldi ney italvi ekikaran kii prakriya shuru karate hue marsala mein utarana shuru kiya.
11 maee 1943 koo, dwiteeya vishva yuddh key sahayogi aakraman seey pahale, shahar parr ack sahayogi bambari ney isake barok kendra koo sthaayi roop seey kshatigrast curr diyaa aur kaee peediton kaa daavaa kiyaah 13 maee 1943 koo newyork times sheershak seey "marsala ney maanchitra koo mitaa diyaa".
puraatatva.
khudai aur sthalaakritik adhyayan donon key madhyam seey marsala key puraataatvik kshetra kii jaanch kii gaee haye. lilibeyam, pracheen shahar, capo boyo parr ack aaytaakaar kshetra mein faila huaa thaa, joe samudra kii or dheere-dheere dhalaan parr ack nichala aur chattani bhaag thaa. shahar key shahari leout koo doosari shatabdi eesaa poorv mein aadhunik samay key "vaayale vittoriyo venetto" "decumenus maximus" aur "vaayale sizere battisty" "cardo maximus" key saath vaapas kiya jaa sakata haye.
capo boyo mein puraataatvik nishkarshon key aadhar parr, lilibeyam kaa dou baar punarnirmaan kiya gayaa thaa, pahali shatabdi eesaa poorv aur teesari shatabdi esvi mein. baad vaale koo 365 crate bhookamp seey jodane key liye paryaapt saboot naheen hain, bhale hii saahitya aur puraataatvik khojon seey pataa chalata haye kii anya cicilian shahar, jaise salinent, "prabhaavit" they.
shahar kii divaaron aur saarvajanik aur niji imaraton key farsh aur divaaron key kaee tukade dikhaai dete hain. aadhunik shahar key neeche kaee sthaanon parr khudai seey shahar key gharon mein samriddh mozek farsh kaa pataa chalaa haye.
baglio enselmi puraataatvik sangrahalaya mein carthagenian jahaaj kaa ack udaaharan haye jiska upayog sambhavatah agates dweepon (241 eesaa poorv) kii ladaai key dauran kiya gayaa thaa joe marsala key tata parr samudra tala parr paae gaye they, saath hii saath kshetra key anya pracheen avashesh, jaise mitty key bartan, sangamarmar kii moortiyaan aur mozek. kaee maheen chitrit kabron aur antim sanskar smarakon kii khudai kii gaee haye joe rangon key advitiya sanrakshan koo darshaate hain.
norman kaal seey shahar mein teen pravesh dwaarah porta nuwa, porta dee maare aur porta majaar koo 17veen aur 18veen shatabdi mein bahut badey roop mein punarnirmit kiya gayaa thaah porta majaar, () 1572 mein punarnirmit, dakshin-poorv mein sthit; porta dee maare () (jiska naam badalkar porta garibaldi curr diyaa gayaa), 1685 mein punarnirmit, shahar key dakshin-paschim mein sthit; porta nuwa () koo 1790 mein punarnirmit kiya gayaa thaa, aur yeh shahar key uttar-paschim mein sthit haye. nagar parishad ney teji seey badhate shahar key liye raasta banaane key liye 1887 mein shahar kii divaaron koo dhwast karane kaa faisala kiya. iss vidhvans key saath-saath 17veen shatabdi kii shuruat mein nirmit porta trapany naamak uttar-purvi dwaar koo dhwast curr diyaa gayaa thaa, jise shahar key anya teen dwaaron kii tulanaa mein isake chhote aakar key kaaran "porticella" upnaam diyaa gayaa thaa; yeh "vaaya pellegrino" aur "vaaya sardegna" key chauraahe parr sthit huaa kartaa thaa.
arthavyavastha.
masala kii arthavyavastha abhee bhee sharaab key utpaadan parr nirbhar karati haye, halanki paryatan ack badhata huaa udyog haye aur yeh bhee shahar key liye aaya kaa ack mahatvapurna srot bunn rhaa haye. retile samudra taton aur saaf samudra kii apani tatrekha, paas key agadian dweepon taka pahunch aur khaare della laiguna aur sthir lagoon key praakritik vatavaran key saath, marsala ack mahatvapurna cicilian paryatan sthal haye.
sanskriti.
badey paimaane parr sharaab kaa utpaadan 1773 mein shuru huaa, jise angreji vyaapaari johnn woodhouse ney protsaahit kiya. wine banaane key mahatvapurna pratishthanon mein ingam-whittaker, leey cantine florio, martinez, pellegrino, raalo, mino, biyanchi, baglio hops, donafugata, alagana, caruso ee minini shamil hain. marsala tahakhaane laal aur safed sharaab kaa bhee utpaadan karate hain. vibhinn prakaron mein alcesty, dee bartoli, fina, vincy, burgi, mothia, paolini ee baglio oro shamil hain. 2012 mein, marsala koo sharaab kii europeeya rajdhani naamit kiya gayaa thaa.
judvaan shahar-bahan shahar.
masala key saath jodaa jaataa haih

