
maal aur seva curr (kanada)

vastu aur seva curr (jee. aiss. tii.) kanada mein 1 janwari, 1991 koo pradhaanmantri bryan mulroni kii sarkaar dwara shuru kiya gayaa ack moolya vardhit curr haye. jee. aiss. tii., joe kanada kii rajaswa agency (see. aar. aeye.) dwara prashaasit haye, ney pichhale chhipe hue 13.5% nirmaataon key bikri curr (aim. aiss. tii.) koo badal diyaa. 
7 pratishat kii mool darr seey shuru kii gaee jee. aiss. tii. darr koo dou baar cumm kiya gayaa haye aur vartamaan mein 1 janwari, 2008 seey 5 pratishat kii darr seey baithata haye. jee. aiss. tii. ney 2017-2018 mein kull sanghiya sarkaar key rajaswa kaa 11.7% uthaaya. 
paanch praanton, nova skotia, nyu brunswick, newfoundland aur labrador, ontario aur prince edward dweep mein, jee. aiss. tii. koo praantiya bikri curr (pee. aiss. tii.) key saath ack saamanjasyapurna bikri curr (aich. aiss. tii.) mein jodaa jaataa haye, jabaki quebeck kaa ack vaastavik aich. aiss. tii. haye kii iska praantiya bikri curr jee. aiss. tii. key samaan niyamon kaa paalan kartaa haye aur donon koo praantiya sarkaar dwara ekatra aur prashaasit kiya jaataa haye. british kolambiya mein 2010 seey 2013 taka aich. aiss. tii. thaa, jaba ise ack praantiya janmat sangrah key baad hataa diyaa gayaa thaa. alberta aur yukon, uttar-paschimi kshetron aur nunaavut key kshetron mein jee. aiss. tii. haye lekin koee praantiya yaa kshetriya bikri curr naheen haye.
paribhasha.
vastu aur seva curr koo "utpaad shulk adhiniyam" key bhaag ix mein kaanoon mein paribhaashit kiya gayaa haye. kanada mein kharidi gaee vastuon yaa sevaaon kii aapoorti parr jee. aiss. tii. lagaaya jaataa haye aur isamen kiraane kaa saman, aavaasiya kiraya, chikitsa sevaaen aur vittiya sevaaon jaisi sevaaon koo chhodkar adhikansh utpaad shamil hain. joe vyavasaay apani "vaanijyik gatividhiyon" key dauran upbhog, upayog yaa aapoorti kii jaane vaali vastuon aur sevaaon kii khareed karate hain, way nirdhaarit pralekhan aavashyaktaon (i.ee.jaba way kissy bhee samay avadhi mein ekatra kiye gaye jee. aiss. tii. koo kanada kii rajaswa agency koo bhejate hain, tou unhein usa avadhi key dauran bhugtan kii gaee jee. aiss. tii. kii raashi mein katauti karane kii anumati dee jaati haye). yeh "cascading" (i.) seey bachaata haye.ee.ack hii vastu yaa seva parr jee. aiss. tii. kaa anuprayog kaee baar hotaa haye kyonki yeh antim upabhokta key liye apane raaste mein vyavasaay seey vyavasaay mein jaataa haye). iss tarah, curr anivarya roop seey antim upabhokta dwara wahan kiya jaataa haye. yeh pranali poori tarah seey prabhaavi naheen haye, jaisa kii apraadhiyon dwara dikhaaya gayaa haye jinhone ack kaalpanik company dwara gair-maujood bikri key liye jee. aiss. tii. input credit kaa daavaa karke pranali koo dhokha diyaa. niryaat kii jaane vaali vastuein "shoonya-rated" hoti hain, jabaki cumm aaya vaale vyakti apane aaykar key sanyojan mein ganana kii gaee jee. aiss. tii. chhoot praapt curr sakate hain.
binaa curr vaali vastuein.
curr kanada mein kharidi jaane vaali vastuon aur sevaaon kii aapoorti parr lagaaya gayaa 5 pratishat curr haye, sivaay kuchh vastuon key joe yaa tou "chhoot" yaa "shoonya-rated" hainh
prishthabhoomi.
1989 mein, pradhaanmantri bryan mulroni aur unake vitt mantri michael willson kii pragatisheel roodhivaadi sarkaar ney 9 pratishat key rashtriya bikri curr key nirmaan kaa prastaav rakhaa. usa samay, alberta koo chhodkar kanada key harr praant mein pahale seey hii khudra star parr apana praantiya bikri curr lagaaya gayaa thaa.
rashtriya bikri curr kaa uddeshya 13.5% nirmaataon key bikri curr (mst) koo pratisthaapit karna thaa joe sanghiya sarkaar ney nirmit vastuon parr thoke star parr lagaaya thaa. mulroni ney daavaa kiya kii jee. aiss. tii. koo lagu kiya gayaa thaa kyonki aim. aiss. tii. vinirmaan kshetra kii pratispardhi roop seey niryaat karane kii kshamata mein baadha daal rhaa thaa. nirmaata iss baat seey chintit they kii curr unaki antarrashtriya pratispardha koo nuksan pahunchaata haye. jee. aiss. tii. ney 11 pratishat key sanghiya dursanchar curr koo bhee badal diyaa. 
jee. aiss. tii. kii shuruat bahut vivadaspad thee. halanki mst key sambandh mein gst koo rajaswa-tatasth key roop mein badhaava diyaa gayaa thaa, kanada kii aabaadi key ack badey anupaat ney curr koo aswikar curr diyaa. sansad mein anya dalon ney bhee iss vichaar parr hamla kiya, jaisa kii sansad key teen pragatisheel roodhivaadi sadasyon, david kilgor, pait naulan aur alex kindy ney kiya, jinhone parinamswarup pragatisheel roodhivaadi cocus koo chhod diyaa.
udaar-prabhutva vaali senate ney curr koo kaanoon mein paarit karane seey incar curr diyaa. gatirodh koo todane key liye ack abhootpoorv kadam uthaate hue, mulroni ney senators kii sankhya koo asthaayi roop seey aathh taka badhaane key liye ack alp-gyaat samvaidhaanik praavdhaan (samvidhaan adhiniyam, 1867 kii dhaara 26) kaa upayog kiya, iss prakaar pragatisheel roodhivaadiyon koo oopari sadan mein bahumat diyaa. isake jawab mein, vipaksh ney ack philibuster shuru kiya aur kaanoon mein aur deree kii.
jaba taka yeh lagu huaa taba taka curr ghataakar 7 pratishat curr diye jaane key bavjood, yeh vivadaspad banaa rhaa. joe curr shamil thaa, vaha bhee gusse kaa kaaran banaa. sarkaar ney curr kaa bachaav upbhoktaon dwara andekhe curr key pratisthaapan key roop mein kiya kyonki ise nirmaataon parr rakhaa gayaa thaa, aur lambe samay mein yeh maanaa gayaa thaa kii mst koo hataane seey kanada adhik pratispardhi hoe jaayega. ack baar jaba mst koo gst key saath badal diyaa gayaa tou shuru mein kuchh uchit star seey turant naheen gireen; haalaanki, samarthakon ney tark diyaa haye kii kanada kii bajar arthavyavastha mein mst key pratisthaapan seey kewal samay key saath kimaton koo prabhaavit karane kii ummeed kii jaa sakati haye naa kii ack stroke parr.
virodh key bavjood, curr 1 janwari, 1991 koo lagu huaa.
pratikriyaaen.
1993 key chunaav mein jeane cratian key netritva mein ack majboot liberal party kaa bahumat chunaa gayaa thaa. pragatisheel roodhivaadi party ney usa chunaav mein bahut kharaab pradarshan kiya, kewal dou seeten jeetin. haalaanki party ney baad key chunaavon mein kuchh hudd taka sudhaar kiya, lekin yeh house off commons mein sabse chhoti party bunny rahee jaba taka kii yeh 2004 mein sthaayi roop seey bhang naheen hoe gaee, aur kanada kii roodhivaadi party banaane key liye kanadai gathbandhan key saath vilay hoe gaee.
chunaav abhiyaan key dauran, cratian ney jee. aiss. tii. koo nirast karane kaa vaadaa kiya, jisaki liberalon ney aadhikarik vipaksh key roop mein ninda kii thee, aur ise ack alag curr key saath badal diyaa thaa. nirast karane key bajaay, cratian sarkaar ney curr kaa punargathan karane aur pratyek praant mein praantiya bikri karon key saath ise vilay karane kaa prayaas kiya. way ise "mishrit bikri curr" kahane kaa irada rakhate they, lekin virodhiyon ney jaldi hii iss prastaav koo "bee" kahane key liye upahaas kiya.aiss. curr ", aur isaki shuruat seey pahale naam koo susangat bikri curr mein badal diyaa gayaa thaa. haalaanki, kewal teen atlantic praant (nova skotia, nyu brunswick aur newfoundland aur labrador) iss yojana key saath jaane key liye sahmat hue, 2010 mein british kolambiya aur ontario aur 2013 mein prince edward dweep ney shamil kiya. british kolambiya ney baad mein curr koo nirast curr diyaa.
jee. aiss. tii. koo samaapt yaa pratisthaapit naheen karane key nirnay ney bahut vivaad paida curr diyaa. liberal saansad (aim. pee.) johnn nunjiata ney liberal sarkaar key pahale bajat key khilaf matdan kiya aur unhein party seey nishkaasit curr diyaa gayaa. viraasat mantri sheela cops, jinhone vyaktigat roop seey curr kaa virodh karane kaa vaadaa kiya thaa, ney istifa dey diyaa aur phir seey chunaav kii maang kii. 1997 key chunaav mein udaar sarkaar kii tarah, baad key upchunaav mein unhein aasaani seey phir seey chunaa gayaa.
praantiya bhinnata.
1997 mein, nova skotia, nyu brunswick aur newfoundland (abb newfoundland aur labrador) key praanton aur kanada kii sarkaar ney apane-apane bikri karon koo saamanjasyapurna bikri curr (hst) mein vilay curr diyaa. sabhi atlantic praanton mein, vartamaan aich. aiss. tii. darr 15 pratishat haye. hst kanada kii rajaswa agency dwara prashaasit haye, jisamen ack sootra key anusaar bhaag lene vaali sarkaaron key beach rajaswa vibhajit kiya jaataa haye. ontario aur british kolambiya donon ney 1 julaai, 2010 seey prabhaavi apane praantiya bikri curr (pee. aiss. tii.) key saath jee. aiss. tii. kaa samanjasya sthaapit kiya. haalaanki, british kolambiya aich. aiss. tii. koo agast 2011 key mell-inn janmat sangrah mein 55 pratishat bahumat seey haraaya gayaa thaa, aur 1 aprail, 2013 seey prabhaavi purani jee. aiss. tii./pee. aiss. tii. pranali mein parivartit curr diyaa gayaa thaa. usee dinn, prince edward dweep ney 14 pratishat kii darr seey aich. aiss. tii. lagu kiya. ontario mein, hst kull 13 pratishat haye; haalaanki, poorv-hst chhooton mein seey kaee hst key kewal praantiya hisse koo prabhaavit karate hain (udaaharan key liye, 4 dollar key tahat taiyar bhojan hst key praantiya hisse key adheen naheen haye aur kewal 5 pratishat parr curr lagaaya jaataa haye). doosari or, kuchh vastuein joe kewal pee. aiss. tii. key adheen theen, abb poorna aich. aiss. tii. (i.ee.13 pratishat). haalaanki ontario kii sarkaar ney dastaavez pradaan karane key prayaas kiye hain kii kaun see vastuein prabhaavit hain aur kaise, yeh upbhoktaon key liye kuchh bhram kaa kaaran banata haye kyonki way aksar sunishchit naheen hotey hain kii checkout parr kiss curr kii ummeed kii jaae. inn chhooton koo samaayojit karane key liye, kaee khudra vikreta pratyek curr koo vyaktigat roop seey hst 1 aur hst 2 (yaa kuchh prakaar) key roop mein pradarshit karate hain. aich. aiss. tii. kaa kadam ontario key 2009 key praantiya bajat key hisse key roop mein aaya. kewal teen praant (british kolambiya, manitoba aur saskatchevan) kewal khudra star parr ack alag bikri curr lagaana jaari rakhate hain. alberta apavaad haye, praantiya bikri curr naheen lagaata haye.
vartamaan sthiti.
2006 key kanadai sanghiya chunaav key abhiyaan key dauran, roodhivaadi party ney agale paanch varshon mein jee. aiss. tii. koo turant 1 pratishat ank aur usake baad ack aur pratishat ank taka cumm karane kaa vaadaa kiya. usa pratigya kii tatkalin vitt mantri ralf gudale ney aalochana kii thee kii way "sabse badey kharch karane vaalon" key paksh mein they jinhen sabse badee bachat milegi. 1 julaai, 2006 koo kanada kii sarkaar ney curr koo 1 pratishat ank (6 pratishat) taka cumm curr diyaa. unhone ise phir seey ghataakar 5 pratishat curr diyaa, joe 1 janwari, 2008 seey prabhaavi thaa. iss kamee koo antim 2007 bajat karyanvayan vidheyak (bill see-28) mein shamil kiya gayaa thaa, jise 14 disambar, 2007 koo shaahi manjuri millie thee. iss parivartan seey sarkari rajaswa mein lagbhag 6 arab dollar kii kamee honey kaa anuman haye. inn karon mein kamee key virodhiyon ney kahaa kii bikri curr una logon koo lakshit karate hain joe adhik kharch karate hain aur isaliye iss tarah kii katauti seey kanadai logon koo laabh hotaa haye joe sabse adhik curr kharch karate hain aur sabse adhik curr cumm kharch karate hain.
kanada mein jee. aiss. tii. kii kukhyaati kaa adhikansh kaaran ack aspasht samvaidhaanik praavdhaan kaa kaaran haye. moolya vardhit curr kaanoon vaale anya deshon mein curr shamil hain, iss prakaar, upabhokta isake baare mein aspasht roop seey jaanate hain, lekin "way joe dekhate hain vaha vahee haye joe way bhugtan karate hain. kanada aisaa naheen curr sakata kyonki adhikansh vigyaapan aur moolya-posting parr adhikaar kshetra samvidhaan adhiniyam, 1867 key tahat praanton key adhikaar kshetra mein haye. praanton ney apane praantiya bikri karon key samaan jee. aiss. tii. koo shamil karane key liye kimaton kii aavashyakta naheen haye. natijatan, lagbhag sabhi keematen (eendhan pump kii kimaton, taxi meater aur kuchh anya cheejon koo chhodkar) curr (yaa curr) key saath "poorv-gst" alag seey soochibaddh hain.

