
rajkumar kaa monaco kaa mahal

rajkumar kaa monaco kaa mahal (frenchah "palais princier dee monaco";) monaco key samprabhu rajkumar kaa aadhikarik nivaas haye. 1191 mein ack genois kille key roop mein nirmit, isake lambe aur aksar naatakiya itihas key dauran, yeh kaee videshi shaktiyon dwara bambari aur gher liya gayaa haye. 13veen shatabdi key anta seey, yeh grimaldi parivaar kaa gadh aur ghar rhaa haye, jinhone pahali baar 1297 mein ise kabja curr liya thaa. grimaldi ney pahale samanti prabhuon key roop mein aur 17veen shatabdi seey samprabhu rajkumaron key roop mein iss kshetra parr shasson kiya, lekin unaki shakti aksar apane badey aur majboot padosiyon key saath najuk samjhauton seey praapt hoti thee.
iss prakaar jaba anya europeeya samprabhu vilaspurna, aadhunik punarjagaran aur barok mahalon kaa nirmaan curr rahey they, rajneeti aur samanya gyaan ney maang kii kii mongask shasakon key mahal koo majboot kiya jaae. itihas key itane antim charan mein iss anoothi aavashyakta ney monaco key mahal koo europe mein sabse asamanya banaa diyaa haye. vaastav mein, jaba 18veen shatabdi key anta mein isake kilebandi koo antatah aaraam diyaa gayaa, tou ise francisi dwara jabt curr liya gayaa aur isake khajaane chheen liye gaye, aur girawat mein gir gayaa, jabaki grimmeldy koo 20 varshon seey adhik samay taka nirvaasit curr diyaa gayaa thaa.
apane mahal parr grimaldiyon kaa kabja bhee asamanya haye kyonki anya europeeya sattaaroodh parivaaron key vipareet, vaikalpik mahalon aur bhoomi kii kamee key parinamswarup saat shataabdiyon seey adhik samay seey ack hii nivaas kaa upayog kiya jaa rhaa haye. iss prakaar, unaki kismat aur rajneeti seedhe mahal key vikas mein parilakshit hoti haye. jabaki romnov, borbans aur habsberg poori tarah seey nae mahalon kaa nirmaan curr sakate they, aur aksar karate they, sabse adhik grimmeldy taba hassil curr sakate they jaba achche bhaagya kaa anand lete they, yaa parivartan key ichchuk, ack nae meenar yaa pankh kaa nirmaan karna thaa, yaa, jaisa kii unhone adhik baar kiya, mahal key ack maujooda hisse kaa punarnirmaan karna thaa. iss prakaar, rajkumar kaa mahal naa kewal monaco key itihas koo darshaata haye, balki usa parivaar key itihas koo bhee darshaata haye jisane 1997 mein usee mahal seey 700 saal key shasson kaa jashn manaaya thaa.
19veen aur 20veen shatabdi kii shuruat key dauran, mahal aur isake malik thode jokhim vaale glamour aur patan key prateek bunn gaye joe monte carlo aur french rivera seey judey they. glamour aur natakiyata taba vaastaviktaa bunn gaee jaba americi film starr grace kellie 1956 mein mahal kii chatelline bunn gaee. 21veen shatabdi mein, mahal monaco key vartamaan rajkumar kaa nivaas sthaan banaa huaa haye.
shaahi mahal.
mahal vastukala shailiyon kaa ack mishran haye; isaki pracheen utpatti samroopata kii kamee seey sanketit hoti haye. iss prakaar vastukala kaa mulyankan karane key liye, pankhon aur khandon koo alag seey dekhaa jaanaa chaahiye. mukhya agrabhag punarjagaran yug kii alag-alag avadhiyon ("chitra 1 aur 12") seey punarjagaran shally key palaazi kii ack chhat key roop mein dikhaai detaa haye-joe-bhale hii way kewal ack hii mahal banaate hain-thheek vahee hain joe way hain. haalaanki yeye pankh apane samanya jung vaale bhootal seey ekjut hain. yeh punarjagaran vastukala pahale key kilebandi koo chhipaati prateet hoti haye, jinake meenar vibhinn shaastriya agrabhagon key peechhe uthate hain. yeye meenaaren-kaee poori tarah seey cranlation aur machinolation key saath-vaastav mein 19veen shatabdi key dauran jyaadaatar punarnirmit kii gaeen. mahal key peechhe mool madhyayugeen kille samay seey achhoot prateet hotey hain. ("chitran 4"). sammaan key darbar key bheetar ack adhik vaastushilp sadbhaav hassil kiya gayaa haye, jisake chaaron or mahal banaaya gayaa haye, jahaan bhitti chitra vaale khule chaap key dou star rajkumar key pradarshan key liye ack aupchaarik balkani aur mahal key aupchaarik raajya kamaron koo jodane vaale ack raajya pravesh dwaar aur galiyare donon key roop mein kaam karate hain.
kaee kamaron mein seey sabse ullekhaniya raajya apartment hain. inhen 16veen shatabdi key baad seey taiyar kiya gayaa thaa, aur 18veen shatabdi key dauran varsaay mein una logon kii shally mein badhaaya gayaa thaa. 19veen shatabdi mein aur phir 20veen shatabdi key anta mein, raajya kakshon kii badey paimaane parr bahaali ney 18veen shatabdi kii shally koo samekit kiya joe aaj bhee prachalit haye. simhaasan kaksh key liye ack enfiled aur ack aupchaarik maarg key roop mein design kiya gayaa, julus kaa maarg ack baahari ghode kii naal key aakar kii seedhi key saath shuru hotaa haye joe sammaan key darbar seey khuli gallery kii or jaataa haye jise hercule kii gallery key roop mein jaanaa jaataa haye. yahaan seey mehmann darpan gallery mein pravesh karate hain, joe varsaay mein darpanon key holl seey prerit ack lamba holl haye. yeh gallery raajya key pahale kamaron, adhikaari key kamare kii or leey jaati haye, jahan simhaasan kaksh mein rajkumar key saath darshakon key saamane darbar key adhikaariyon dwara mehmaanon kaa swaagat kiya jaataa haye. adhikaari key holl seey enfiled neele kamare taka jaari haye. neele broked seey sajaae gaye iss badey drying room mein grimmeldy parivaar key chitra lagey hue hain aur isamen murano glass key jhoomar hain. raajya key apartments mein sabse badaa, simhaasan kaksh, agala kamra haye. isaki chhat aur bhitti chitron koo orazio dee ferrari dwara nishpaadit kiya gayaa thaa aur alekjendar dha grate key aatmasamarpan koo darshaata haye. samrajya shally mein simhaasan, ack munch parr sthit haye, ack laal resham key chhat key neeche, ack gilt mukut dwara oopar chadhaaya gayaa haye. farsh karara sangamarmar key hain. 16veen shatabdi seey iss kamare mein sabhi raajya samaroh aayojit kiye jaate rahey hain.
raajya key anya kamaron mein laal kamra shamil haye-jise isaliye kahaa jaataa haye kyonki isaki deevaaren laal broked seey dhaki hui hain-ack badaa drying room jisamen zaan brugal aur charles leey brune dwara chitra hain. mahal key adhikansh hisson kii tarah kamare mein 18veen shatabdi key alankrit francisi shally key furniture hain. laal kamare seey york kamare kii or jaataa haye. raajya key bistar key roop mein susajjit, iss kamare mein gregorio dee ferrari dwara chaar mausamon key chitron key saath bhitti chitra banaaya gayaa haye. agala kamra, jise peele kamare (yaa kabhi-kabhi lui xv bedd chamber key roop mein jaanaa jaataa haye), ack aur raajya shayankaksh haye.
suit mein sabse ullekhaniya kamra mazaarin kamra haye. iss drying room mein italvi soney key aabhushan aur chitrit polychrome boisuries hain jinhen karigar cardinal mazaarin dwara france laae gaye they, joe grimmeldy seey shaadi seey sambandhit they. cardinal mazaarin kaa chitra aag key oopar latka huaa haye.
jabaki mahal key aantarik aur baahari vatavaran 18veen shatabdi kaa haye, mahal khud naheen haye. isaki adhikansh upasthiti 12veen shatabdi key ack lambe vikas kaa parinam haye, joe 19veen aur 20veen shatabdi key dauran bhaari bahaali aur punarnirmaan seey prabhaavit haye.
grimmeldy kilaa.
monaco kaa itihas roman kabje seey pahale kaa haye. isake badey praakritik bandargah ney biblose, tyre aur siden seey agantukon kii ack sthir dhaara sunishchit kii. baad mein fenician mool nivaasiyon key saath resham, tail aur masalon kaa vyaapaar karane aae. yeh fenician they jinhone bhoomadhyasagariya kshetra mein apane devta melcart kii shuruat kii, jise baad mein romanon dwara "herculis monoecos" key roop mein jaanaa gayaa. yeh iss devta key baad thaa kii romanon ney kshetra kaa naam badalkar "portus herculis monessi" curr diyaa, joe kii monaco key vartamaan naam mein vikasit huaa haye.
monaco key rajkumar kii seat 1191 mein ack kille key roop mein rochar dee monaco ("chitran 5") parr sthaapit kii gaee thee, jaba bandargah, joe aaj monte carlo dwara panktibaddh haye, koo genoa ganarajya dwara adhigrahit kiya gayaa thaa. bandargah aur iska tatkaal kshetra samrat heinry IV dwara iss praavdhaan key saath genoise koo diyaa gayaa thaa kii genoise samudri dakaiti seey tatrekha kii raksha karate hain. aage kaa kshetra peele kii parishad aur abbe dee sent pones dwara nae maalikon koo saunp diyaa gayaa thaa. 1215 mein ack nae kille parr kaam shuru huaa, jisamen ack parde kii deewaar dwara sanrakshit prachir seey judey chaar meenar shamil they. yeh vartamaan mahal kaa mool haye.
12veen shatabdi key europe kii rajneeti mein genoa mahatvapurna thaa. genoi vyapariyon kaa ack rashtra thaa, aur unaki sampatti aisee thee kii way aksar anya rashtra raajyon key bankers key roop mein ack bhoomika koo puuraa karate they. haalaanki, samrat fredrick dwiteeya dwara pope nirdosh IV kii shakti koo chunauti dene parr utpann daraar key baad genois vibhajit hoe gayaa. dou alag-alag shiviron kaa gathan huaah pope kaa samarthan karane vaale gulaf aur shaahi taaj key prati wafadar gibelin. gelf key saath paksh lena genoa key patrician parivaaron mein seey ack thaa-grimmeldy. 13veen shatabdi mein inn donon samoohon ney ladaai ladee. anta mein shatabdi key anta mein ghibelin vijayi hue aur unhone apane virodhiyon koo, jisamen gremaldi bhee shamil thaa, genoa seey nishkaasit curr diyaa. grimmeldy aaj french rivera key roop mein jaane jaane vaale kshetra mein buss gaye. iss kshetra mein kaee mahalon koo abhee bhee chateu grimmeldy key roop mein jaanaa jaataa haye, aur aspas key kshetra mein parivaar kii vibhinn shaakhaon kii majboot upasthiti kii gawahi detaa haye.
kinvadanti bataati haye kii janwari 1297 mein ack bhikshu key roop mein prachhann francois grimmeldy ney mahal mein aashray liya. pravesh praapt karane parr usane gaard kii hatyaa curr dee, jisake baad usake aadami dikhaai diye aur mahal parr kabja curr liya. iss prakaar kilaa grimmeldy kaa gadh bunn gayaa. iss ghatana koo mahal key parisar mein francois grimmeldy kii ack moorti dwara yaad kiya jaataa haye ("chitran 6") aur grimmeldy key ghar kii baahon mein jahan francois koo ack bhikshu kii poshak mein talwar chalaate hue chitrit kiya gayaa haye ("chitran 2").
charles pratham, jinhone 1331 seey 1357 taka shasson kiya, aur francois grimmeldy key chachere bhaai ranier pratham key bete they, ney dou badee imaraton koo jodkar kille koo kaafee badhaayah ack purvi prachir key khilaf aur doosara samudra key oopar seey dekh rhaa thaa. isane kille kii upasthiti koo badal diyaa, jisase yeh ack kille kii tulanaa mein ack kileband ghar key roop mein adhik dikhaai detaa haye. kilebandi bahut aavashyak bunny rahee, kyonki agale teen dashakon key dauran kilaa baari-baari seey khou gayaa aur grimmeldy dwara genoise koo vaapas mill gayaa. 1341 mein grimmeldy ney menton aur phir roquebroon liya, iss prakaar kshetra mein apani shakti aur taakat koo majboot kiya. baad mein, unhone naa kewal bandargah kii suraksha koo majboot kiya, balki rochar parr apane kille koo bhee majboot kiya. grimaldi kaa gadh abb ack shakti aadhar thaa jahan seey parivaar ney bhoomi key ack badey lekin bahut hii kamjor kshetra parr shasson kiya.
agale sou varshon taka grimmeldy ney anya raajyon key hamalon seey apane kshetra kaa bachaav kiya, jisamen genoa, peesa, venis, napples, france, spen, germany, ingland aur provence shamil they. kille parr aksar bambari kii jaati thee, kshatigrast kiya jaataa thaa aur punarsthaapit kiya jaataa thaa. dheere-dheere grimmeldy ney france key saath gathbandhan karna shuru curr diyaa jisase unaki sthiti majboot hui. abb adhik surakshit, monaco key grimmeldy lords ney abb naa kewal apane kshetra kii raksha karane kii aavashyakta koo pahachaanana shuru curr diyaa, balki apani shakti aur pratishtha koo pratibimbit karane vaalaa ghar bhee honah shuru curr diyaa.
15veen shatabdi key dauran, kille aur rochar donon kaa vistaar jaari rhaa aur aage kii raksha taba taka kii gaee jaba taka kii yeh lagbhag 400 sainikon koo samaayojit karane vaalaa ack sainya-dall naheen bunn gayaa. kileband ghar seey mahal mein dheere-dheere parivartan ("chitran 7") iss yug key dauran shuru huaa, pahale lamberto grimmeldy, monaco key swami (joe 1458 aur 1494 key beach "ack ullekhaniya shaasak they jinhone kootneeti aur talwar koo samaan pratibha key saath sambhala"), aur phir unake bete jeane II dwara. iss avadhi mein kille key poorv kii or teen-manjila pankh key saath vistaar dekhaa gayaa, joe burj towers koo jodane vaali oonchi chattani divaaron seey sanrakshit thee-sent mairi (aim "chitran 7" mein), madhya (key) aur dakshin (aich). iss badey nae wing mein mahal kaa pramukh kamra, state holl (aaj gaard room key roop mein jaanaa jaataa haye) thaa. yahaan rajkumar apana aadhikarik kaary karate they aur darbar karate they. isake alawa, adhik shandar, balkani aur loggia key saath poorna kamare grimmeldy parivaar key niji upayog key liye design kiye gaye they. 1505 mein jeane dwiteeya koo unake bhaai lucien ney maar daala thaa.
mahal taka kaa kilaa.
lucien aaee (1505-1523).
jeane dwiteeya key baad unake bhaai lucian pratham ney padbhar sambhala. monaco mein shaanti lambe samay taka naheen rahee; disambar 1506 mein 14,000 genoise sainikon ney monaco aur usake mahal koo gher liya, aur march 1507 mein jeet hassil karane seey pahale paanch maheene key liye 1,500 monagask aur bhaade key sainikon ney rochar kaa bachaav kiya. yeh lucian I koo chhote raajya kii najuk swatantrata koo sanrakshit karane key liye france aur spen key beach ack rajanyik tanga chalane key liye chhod diyaa joe vaastav mein spen key adheen thaa. lucien ney turant yuddh key vinash kii marammat key liye kileband mahal kii sthaapana kii joe bhaari bambari seey kshatigrast hoe gayaa thaa. rajkumar lambert dwara nirmit aur jeane II key shasankal key dauran vistaarit mukhya wing (chitra 3 aur 7-aich seey aim) mein, unhone abb ack badaa wing (aich seey see) jodaa, jisamen aaj raajya key apartment hain.
sammaan aaee (1523-1581).
sammaan key shasankal key dauran kille seey mahal mein aantarik parivartan jaari rhaa. onar key shasson kii shuruat mein tordesillas kii sandhi ney spen key ack sanrakshit raajya key roop mein monaco kii sthiti koo spasht kiya, aur iss prakaar baad mein pavitra roman samrat charles banaam. isase monaco key swami koo apane nivaas kii raksha karane kii nirantar aavashyakta key bajaay adhik aramdayak paksh parr dhyaan kendrit karane kii anumati dene key liye suraksha pradaan kii gaee.
praangan kaa punarnirmaan kiya gayaa thaa, vastukar dominic gallo ney dou arcade design kiye, joe aich aur see key beach faile hue they. arcade, lucian aaee dwara pahale key pankh key saamane, pratyek mein baarah mehrab hain, jinhen oopari star parr safed sangamarmar key ballstrading seey sajaaya gayaa haye. aaj oopari arcade koo "gallery dee 'hercule" (hercule kii gallery) key roop mein jaanaa jaataa haye kyonki unaki chhat koo onar II key baad key shasankal key dauran orazio dee ferrari dwara hercule kii mehnat koo darshaane vaale drishyon key saath chitrit kiya gayaa thaa. yeye arcade yaa logazia dakshin wing (aaj raajya kaksh wing key roop mein jaanaa jaataa haye) mein raajya kamaron koo galiyare pradaan karate hain. praangan key doosari taraf ack nae pankh kaa nirmaan kiya gayaa thaa aur genois kalakar luka cambiasi koo isaki baahari divaaron koo bhitti chitron seey chitrit karane kaa aarop lagaaya gayaa thaa. aisaa maanaa jaataa haye kii bandargah koo dekhane vaale uttari hisse mein deerghaaen (bee) iss samay banaai gaee theen.
samrat charles banaam kaa manoranjan karane key liye 1529 mein aur vistaar kiya gayaa, jaba vaha pope clement VII dwara apane rajyabhishek key liye raajya mein bologna kii apani yatra key dauran mahal mein chaar raaten rahey.
vastukala kii drishti seey yeh ack romanchak avadhi thee, lekin sammaan key saath main ack punarjagaran palazzo kii bhavya shally mein kille koo phir seey banaane mein asamarth thaa. spanish suraksha key bavjood, france seey hamale kaa khatra adhik thaa aur raksha sammaan kii mukhya prathamikta bunny rahee. ise dhyaan mein rakhate hue unhone dou naee visheshtaon koo jodaah sabhi sant tower (aff) aur seravel burj (jee). sabhi sant meenar ardh-vrittakar they aur chattan key agrabhag key anta kii raksha karate they. bandook key platforms aur topon key saath, yeh chattan mein hii maanav nirmit gufaaon seey judaa huaa thaa. bhoomigat maargon ney ise seravel burj seey bhee jodaa, joe saar mein tope key saath ack teen manjila bandook tower thaa. aangan key neeche ack kund sthaapit kiya gayaa thaa, joe 20 maheene kii gherabandi key liye 1000 sainikon key liye paryaapt paani pradaan kartaa thaa, jisamen nau stambhon dwara samarthit ack vishal tahakhaane vaali chhat thee. monaco koo ack aur shatabdi key liye raajneetik roop seey kamjor rehna thaa aur rajkumar charles dwiteeya aur rajkumar hercule key shasankal key dauran 1581 seey 1604 taka bahut cumm nirmaan kaary huaa.
sammaan II (1597-1662).
monaco kii bhedyata koo 1605 mein ghar laaya gayaa jaba spanish ney vahaan ack sainya chauki sthaapit kii. 1633 mein sammaan II ("chitran 8"), koo aadhikarik taur parr spanish raajaa dwara "shaant rajkumar" key roop mein sambodhit kiya gayaa thaa, iss prakaar pahali baar monaco koo ack riyasat key roop mein maanyata dee gaee thee. haalaanki, jaisa kii spanish sanic vartamaan mein kabje mein they, iss maanyata koo sammaan koo khush rakhane key liye ack sanket seey thodaa adhik dekhaa gayaa thaa.
sammaan II ack francophile thaa. milan mein apani shiksha key baad, peris key bauddhik sailoonon ney unhein vikasit kiya thaa. iss prakaar, saanskritik aur raajneetik donon roop seey france key saath ghanishth sambandh honey key kaaran, unhone monaco mein spanish upasthiti key khilaf vidroh kiya. jabaki unhone mahsoos kiya kii monaco koo ack aur shakti kii suraksha kii aavashyakta haye, france sammaan II kaa pasandida vikalp thaa. 1641 mein, francisi dwara bhaari samarthan praapt, unhone spanish senaa parr hamla kiya aur spanish koo nishkaasit curr diyaa, "monaco kii gauravshali swatantrata" kii ghoshana kii. ullikhit swatantrata poori tarah seey france parr nirbhar thee, kyonki monaco abb france key ack sanrakshit raajya key roop mein ack avadhi mein pravesh curr gayaa thaa joe 1814 taka chalega. iss kaarravaai key parinamswarup sammaan II koo aaj monaco kaa naayak maanaa jaataa haye.
uchch shikshit aur kalaa key sanrakshak, sammaan II, apane simhaasan parr surakshit, ney tyton, durer, rafale, rubens aur michel angelo dwara karyon koo ikattha karna shuru kiya, joe kalaa sangrah kaa aadhar thaa jisane mahal koo dheere-dheere monaco kille seey vikasit kiya. agale 30 varshon mein unhone ise ack rajkumar key liye upayukt mahal mein badal diyaa ("chitran 9").
unhone vastukar jack catone koo naa kewal mahal koo badaa karane key liye, balki isake gambhir kileband roop koo naram karane key liye bhee niyukt kiya. mahal key "saamane", varg kaa saamana karane vaale mukhya agrabhag koo sajawati alankaran diye gaye they. pravesh dwaar key daaeen or oopari loggias (bee) chamkile they. mahal key ander raajya kakshon key hisse koo phir seey vyavasthit kiya gayaa aur raajya apartment kaa parisar banaaya gayaa. ack nayaa chappel ack kapol (dee chihnit site parr banaaya gayaa) dwara sajaaya gayaa thaa joe sent johnn dha baptist koo samarpit thaa. iss nae kaam ney ack punarjagaran palazzo kaa halka vatavaran banaane key liye, aangan seey nishiddh seravel burj koo chhipaane mein madad kii.
anupasthit jamindar aur kranti (1662-1815).
17veen shatabdi key anta aur 18veen shatabdi kii shuruat key dauran, jabaki monaco aadhikarik taur parr ack swatantra raajya thaa, yeh vaastav mein france kaa ack praant thaa. isake shasakon ney apana adhikansh samay francisi darbar mein bitaaya, iss tarah seey francisi abhijaat varg key beach usa samay key anupasthit jamindaaron seey milata-julata thaa. varsaay kaa lalach unake apane desh seey adhik thaa.
sammaan II key baad unake potey, rajkumar lui I ney padbhar sambhala. nae rajkumar kaa ack shahari vyaktitva thaa aur unhone francisi darbar mein apani patni key saath bahut samay bitaaya, jahan unhein videshi raajya pramukh aur france key samkaksh donon honey kaa asamanya gaurav praapt thaa. francisi raajaa key mahalon seey prabhaavit hocker, jinhone fontainblo mein mahal mein badalaav karane key liye vastukar jeane doo serso koo niyukt kiya thaa, lui ney monaco mein apane mahal mein sudhaar key liye prerana key roop mein fontainblo kaa upayog kiya. iss prakaar vaha mahal kii dou sabse ullekhaniya visheshtaon key liye jimmedaar thaah pravesh dwaar-ack vishal barok mehrab jiss parr ack tooty hui pediment haye joe grimmeldy baahon ("chitran 10") seey oopar haye-aur adhik yadgar abhee bhee, ack dohri ghode kii naal vaali seedhi joe usa parr fontainblo mein banaai gaee haye. kahaa jaataa haye kii seedhiyon kii rachana karane vaali tees seedhiyon koo karara sangamarmar key ack block seey tarasha gayaa thaa. nae pravesh dwaar aur ghode kii naal kii seedhiyon donon koo como key ack vastukar antoine grigo dwara design kiya gayaa thaa.
ack rajkumar joe apane niji jeevan kii anumati key liye jaanaa jaataa thaa, lui aaee kii udham machaane vaali cheez kukhyaat thee. 1677 mein ingland kii yatra key dauran unhone raajaa kii malkin, hortens mancini parr mahange uphaaron kii bauchhar karke raajaa charles dwiteeya kaa gussa uthaaya. angreji aur rajkumar lui baad mein raajneetik dushman bunn gaye jaba lui ney ingland key khilaf anglo-dutch yuddhon mein bhaag liya, jisase unhone apani khud kii monaco ghudsavaar senaa koo flanders aur frank-comte mein yuddhon mein netritva kiya. inn krityon ney lui XIV kaa aabhar arjit kiya, jinhone unhein pavitra see mein rajdoot banaaya, spanish uttaradhikar koo surakshit karane kaa aarop lagaaya. haalaanki, pope key darbar mein apani sthiti koo banaae rakhane kii laagat ney unhein apane daadaa key sammaan dwiteeya key adhikansh kalaa sangrah koo bechane key liye majboor curr diyaa, joe usa mahal koo nakaartaa haye jise unhone pahale itna shandar roop seey badhaaya thaa. france key liye spanish simhaasan hassil karane seey pahale lui kii mrityu hoe gaee, ack aisaa kaary jisane bhaari inam arjit kiya hoga. isake bajaay spen key uttaradhikar kaa yuddh shuru honey key saath hii europe turant uthal-puthal mein doob gayaa.
1701 mein, rajkumar antoine lui aaee key uttaradhikari baney aur unhein lagbhag diwalia monaco viraasat mein milaa, halanki unhone shaahi kamare koo aur sushobhit kiya. isaki chhat parr, gregorio dee ferrari aur alekjendar haffner ney chaar mausamon koo darshaate hue lunnet seey ghiri prasiddhi kii ack aakriti koo chitrit kiya.
lauren kii mairi key saath antoine kii shaadi nakhush thee aur kewal dou betiyaan paida huin. monaco key samvidhaan ney simhaasan koo kewal grimmeldy parivaar key sadasyon taka seemit curr diyaa, aur iss prakaar antoin apani betty rajkumari luis-hippolyte ("chitran 11") key liye ack grimmeldy chachere bhaai seey shaadi karane key liye utsuk thaa. haalaanki, gambhir bhaagya kii sthiti, aur raajaa lui XIV seey (raajneetik roop seey aavashyak) anumodan kii kamee, anyatha nirdhaarit karati haye. luis-hippolyte kaa vivaah normandy key ack ameer abhijaat varg jack dee goyan mattignon seey huaa thaa. luis-hippolyte 1731 mein monaco key samprabhu key roop mein apane pitaa key uttaradhikari baney, lekin kuchh hii maheenon baad unaki mrityu hoe gaee. france key raajaa ney france key liye monaco key adheen raajya kii pushti karate hue, grimmeldy parivaar kii anya shaakhaon key virodh koo nazarandaj curr diyaa, monagask samvidhaan koo ukhaad fenka, aur rajkumar jack key roop mein jack dee goyan mattignon key uttaradhikar koo manjuri dee.
jacques aaee ney grimmeldy kaa naam aur hathiyar grahan kiya, lekin francisi abhijaat varg ney nae rajkumar key prati bahut cumm sammaan dikhaaya joe apane rank seey oopar uthhe they aur monaco seey anupasthit apana samay bitaane kaa vikalp chunaa thaa. unaki mrityu 1751 mein hui aur unake aur luis-hippolyte key bete prince onar III dwara unakaa uttaradhikari banaaya gayaa.
onar III ney 1757 mein catherine brignol seey shaadi kii aur baad mein uska talaak leey liya. apani shaadi seey pahale, manarth III apani bhaavi saas key saath sambandh banaa rhaa thaa. apane talaak key baad mairi brignol ney 1798 mein francisi shaahi gharaane key ack sadasya, prince dee konde, luis joseph dee borban seey shaadi kii.
jaba hortens mancini aur luis aaee donon key vanshajon ney shaadi kii tou grimmeldy bhaagya bahaal hoe gayaah luis dee 'aumont mazarin ney sammaan III key bete aur uttaradhikari, bhavishya key sammaan seey shaadi kii. 1776 mein yeh vivaah grimmeldy key liye behad fayademand thaa, kyonki luis kii poorvaj hortens mancini cardinal mazaarin kii uttaradhikari thee. iss prakaar monaco key shaasak parivaar ney cardinal mazarin dwara viraasat mein dee gaee sabhi sampattiyon kaa adhigrahan curr liya, jisamen retail kii duchy aur cheto-porcian kii riyasat shamil thee.
sammaan III ack sanic thaa joe fontanoy aur court donon mein ladaa. vaha monaco koo dusaron dwara shaasit honey key liye chhodane key liye khush thaa, vishesh roop seey ack poorv shikshak. yeh 1767 mein mahal mein sammaan III kii durlabh yaatraon mein seey ack thee kii bimari ney edward, york key duke koo monaco mein utarane key liye majboor kiya. beemar duke koo raajya bistar aavantit kiya gayaa thaa jahan unaki turant mrityu hoe gaee. usa tarikh seey kamare koo york room key roop mein jaanaa jaataa haye.
lagaatar kabja naa honey key bavjood, 18veen shatabdi kii antim timahi taka mahal ack baar phir ack "shandar sthaan" ("chitran 12") thaa. haalaanki kranti shuru hoe gaee thee, aur 1780 key dashak key anta mein sammaan III koo apane logon koo riyaayaten deni padeen jinhone apane francisi padosiyon seey krantikari vichaaron koo pakada thaa. yeh kewal grimmeldy kii samasyaon kii shuruat thee. 1793 mein francisi kranti key netaaon ney monaco koo apane kabje mein leey liya. rajkumar koo france mein kaid curr liya gayaa thaa aur mahal sahit usaki sampatti aur sampattiyon koo france koo jabt curr liya gayaa thaa.
mahal koo rajkumar kii praja dwara luutaa gayaa thaa, aur joe saman aur kalaa sangrah bachaa thaa, usey francisi sarkaar dwara neelam kiya gayaa thaa. desh aur mahal donon mein aur badalaav kiye gaye. monaco kaa naam badalkar "fort dee 'hercule" curr diyaa gayaa aur yeh france kaa ack canton bunn gayaa, jabaki mahal ack sainya aspatal aur garib ghar bunn gayaa. peris mein, rajkumar kii bahuu francois-theres dee choisul-steinville (1766-1794) koo maar diyaa gayaa thaa, joe aatank key shasankal key dauran antim roop seey doshi thaharaae jaane vaale logon mein seey ack thaa. sammaan III kii mrityu 1795 mein peris mein hui, jahan unhone apana adhikansh jeevan bitaaya thaa, binaa apana simhaasan hassil kiye.
19veen shatabdi.
mahal koo phir seey praapt karna.
sammaan III key baad unake bete sammaan IV (1758-1819) ney padbhar sambhala, jinaki shaadi lui dee 'aumont mazarin seey hui thee, jinhone gambhir bhaagya koo bahaal karane key liye bahut kuchh kiya thaa. iss bhaagya kaa adhikansh hissa kranti kii kathinaaiyon seey samaapt hoe gayaa thaa. 17 juuna 1814 koo peris kii sandhi key tahat, monaco kii riyasat koo sammaanit karane key liye bahaal kiya gayaa thaa.
una varshon key dauran mahal key kapade koo poori tarah seey upekshit kiya gayaa thaa jisamen grimmeldy koo monaco seey nirvaasit kiya gayaa thaa. aisee haalat thee kii poorv wing key hisse koo sammaan II key snan mandap key saath dhwast karna padaa, joe aaj mahal key poorv napolean sangrahalaya dwara kabja kiye gaye sthaan parr khadaa thaa, joe 2014 mein bund hoe gayaa thaa, aur mahal abhilekhagar key awas vaali imarat.
bahaali.
unake simhaasan koo bahaal kiye jaane key turant baad sammaan IV kii mrityu hoe gaee, aur sammaan v key tahat mahal kii sanrachanaatmak bahaali shuru hui aur 1841 mein unake bhaai rajkumar floristan dwara unaki mrityu key baad jaari rakhee gaee. haalaanki, floristan key vilay key samay taka, monaco ack baar phir vittiya samasyaon key kaaran raajneetik tanaav kaa saamana curr rhaa thaa. yeye sardinia key ack sanrakshit raajya key roop mein apani sthiti key parinamswarup they, jiss desh koo napolean yuddhon key anta key baad france dwara saunp diyaa gayaa thaa. florestan, ack sanaki (vaha ack peshevar abhineta they), ney monaco kii daud koo apani patni, maria carolin geebert dee lametz parr chhod diyaa. shasson karane key usake prayason key bavjood, usake pati key loga ack baar phir vidroh mein they. asthir sthiti koo cumm karane key prayaas mein floristan ney apane bete charles koo satta saunp dee, lekin monagsk koo khush karane key liye bahut dair hoe gaee. mentone aur roquebroon monaco seey alag hoe gaye, jisase grimmeldy kaa chhota desh bahut cumm hoe gayaa-monte carlo seey thodaa adhik.
floristan kii mrityu 1856 mein hui aur unakaa betaa charles, joe pahale seey hii monaco parr shasson curr rhaa thaa, charles III ("chitran 15") key roop mein unake uttaradhikari baney. mentone aur roquebroon aadhikarik taur parr 1861 mein france kaa hissa bunn gaye, jisase ack stroke parr monaco key aakar mein 80 pratishat kii kamee aaee. apane haathon mein samay honey key kaaran, charles III ney abb apana samay apane chaacha onar banaam dwara shuru kiye gaye apane mahal kii bahaali koo puuraa karane key liye samarpit curr diyaa. unhone sent mairi key meenar ("chitran 14") kaa punarnirmaan kiya aur chappel koo poori tarah seey bahaal kiya, ack naee vedi jodee, aur isaki chhat koo bhitti chitron seey chitrit kiya gayaa, jabaki agrabhag key baahar jacob froshley aur dessler dwara chitron key saath chitrit kiya gayaa thaa joe grimmeldy dwara kiye gaye vibhinn veertapurna karyon koo darshaate hain. gaard room, kille kaa poorv mahaan holl (jise abb state holl key roop mein jaanaa jaataa haye), nae punarjagaran sajawat aur ack smaarkeeya chimani pees key judaav seey badal gayaa thaa.
charles III ney kranti key dauran looty gaee kalaa aur furniture kii vibhinn kritiyon koo khojane, bechane aur titar-bitar karane key gambhir prayaas kiye. naee khareed key saath, ack lalit kalaa sangrah ney ack baar phir mahal koo sajaaya, jisamen naa kewal parivarik chitra jaise kii lucian aaee baay dee predis; onar II phillip dee shampen dwara; hysinthe regoud dwara antoine aaee kaa sir, aur vaine luu kaa luis-hypolite kaa chitra ("chitran 11"), balki titian dwara "sangeet paath" key roop mein aisee utkrisht kritiyaan bhee shamil theen.
charles III monte carlo mein ack aur mahal key liye bhee jimmedaar thaa, joe usake punarsthaapan key liye dhana pradaan karega, aur usake desh kii ladkhadaati arthavyavastha koo badal dega. yeh nayaa mahal charles garnier kaa doosara samrajya casino thaa, joe 1878 mein puuraa huaa ("chitran 16"). pahala monaco casino pichhale dashak mein khola gayaa thaa. casino monaco key madhyam seey aatm-sahayak bunn gayaa.
grimmeldy shakti mein girawat.
1889 mein charles III kii mrityu key samay taka, monaco aur monte carlo ack hii sthaan key samanarthi they, aur juaa key madhyam seey, ameeron key ack lauch aur patansheel khel key maidan key roop mein pratishtha praapt curr lii thee. isane russie grand duke aur railway magnet seey laker, aksar apani malkin key saath, sahsi logon taka sabhi koo aakarshit kiya, jisase raani victoria sahit kaee logon ney chhote desh kaa upahaas kiya. vaastav mein monaco koo itna patansheel maanaa jaataa thaa kii 1882 seey, jaba unhone pahali baar french nadee kaa daura karna shuru kiya, tou raani victoria ney mahal mein shishtachar samajik coll karane seey incar curr diyaa. samkaaleen lekhak sabeen berring-gold ney monaco kii aadton koo "europe key naitik sespool" key roop mein varnit kiya."
monaco key kramik shasakon ney kaheen aur rahane kii aur kewal kabhi-kabhi apane mahal mein jaane kii pravritti dikhaai. charles III key baad 1889 mein albert I ney padbhar sambhala. albert ney scotland key 11vein duke off hamilton kii betty mairi victoria dugglus-hamilton aur unaki german patni, baddon kii rajkumari seey shaadi kii. 1880 mein unaki shaadi radd honey seey pahale dampati kaa ack betaa thaa, luis. albert ack utsuk vaigyaanik they aur unhone 1906 mein samudra vigyaan sansthaan kii sthaapana kii; ack shantivadi key roop mein unhone monaco mein antarrashtriya shaanti sansthaan kii sthaapana kii. albert kii doosari patni, ellis hein, ack americi banking uttaradhikari, joe ack francisi duke kii vidhwa thee, ney monte carlo koo ack saanskritik kendra mein badalane key liye bahut kuchh kiya, jisase shahar mein baile aur opera donon kii sthaapana hui. parivaar mein ack badaa dahej laane key baad, unhone casino koo garibon key liye ack swasth ghar mein badalane parr vichaar kiya, joe germ jalavaayu mein thheek honey seey labhanvit honge. haalaanki, yugal alag hoe gayaa, isase pahale kii ellis apani yojana koo amal mein laane mein saksham hoe.
1910 mein, monegask kranti key dauran mahal parr dhawa boll diyaa gayaa thaa. rajkumar ney agale varsh ack nirvaachit sansad key saath ack samvidhaan jaari karke poorna rajshahi key anta kii ghoshana kii.
albert key baad 1922 mein unake bete luis dwiteeya ney padbhar sambhala. lui dwiteeya kaa paalan-poshan unaki maan aur sautele pitaa, rajkumar taszilo festatics dee tolna ney germany mein kiya thaa, aur 11 saal kii umr taka monaco koo bilkul naheen jaanate they. unake apane pitaa key saath door kaa sambandh thaa aur unhone francisi senaa mein seva kii thee. videsh mein tainaat rahate hue, vaha apani malkin mairi juliet louvet seey mille, jinase unaki ack betty hui, charlotte luis juliet, 1898 mein algeria mein paida hui. monaco key rajkumar key roop mein, luis dwiteeya ney kaheen aur bahut samay bitaaya, peris key lagbhag sou meal uttar poorv mein parivaar key french estate, cheto dee marchise mein rehna pasand kiya. 
1911 mein rajkumar luis ney apani betty koo vaidh banaane key liye ack kaanoon paarit kiya thaa taaki vaha simhaasan kii uttaradhikari bunn sakey, taaki parivaar kii ack door kii german shakha mein isake jaane koo rokaa jaa sakey. kaanoon koo chunauti dee gaee aur ise vikasit kiya gayaa jise monaco uttaradhikar sankat key roop mein jaanaa jaane lagaa. antatah 1919 mein rajkumar ney aupchaarik roop seey apani avaidh betty charlotte koo god liya, jise rajkumari charlotte, valentinois kii duchess key roop mein jaanaa jaane lagaa. luis II kaa napolean seey sambandhit kalakritiyon kaa sangrah mahal mein napolean sangrahalaya kii neenv banaata haye, joe janata key liye khula haye.
dwiteeya vishva yuddh key dauran, lui ney monaco koo tatasth rakhane kaa prayaas kiya, halanki unaki sahaanubhooti witchy francisi sarkaar key saath thee. isase unake potey, unaki betty key bete aur luis key simhaasan key uttaradhikari key saath daraar paida hoe gaee, jinhone naajiyon key khilaf sahyogiyon kaa dridhata seey samarthan kiya.
1946 taka sahayogi balon dwara monaco kii mukti key baad, vaha apana adhikansh samay peris mein bitaa rahey they, aur usa varsh 27 julaai koo, unhone ack francisi abhinetri, ghisalen domangate seey shaadi kii, joe monaco kii rajkumari bunn gaee. apane shasankal key adhikansh antim varshon key dauran monaco seey anupasthit, vaha aur unaki patni france mein apani sampatti parr rahate they. rajkumar luis kii mrityu 1949 mein hui aur unake potey, rajkumar ranier III ney unakaa sthaan liya.
varsha III.
rajkumar ranier III naa kewal monaco key bhaagya aur pratishtha koo badalane key liye balki mahal kii bahaali kii dekhrekh key liye bhee jimmedaar thaa. 1949 mein unake raajya mein aaney key baad prince ranier III ney turant navinikaran aur bahaali kaa ack karyakram shuru kiya. praangan mein kaee baahari bhitti chitron koo bahaal kiya gayaa thaa, jabaki francisi kranti key baad nasht kiye gaye dakshini hisse koo phir seey banaaya gayaa thaa. yeh mahal kaa vaha hissa haye jahan shaasak parivaar key apane niji apartment hain. iss shakha mein napolean sangrahalaya aur abhilekhagar bhee hain.
hercule kii gallery key roop mein jaani jaane vaali khuli arcade koo sajaane vaale bhitti chitron koo ranier III dwara badal diyaa gayaa thaa, jinhone pauranik aur pauranik nayakon koo darshaane vaale piyer francosco maazcheli dwara kaam kiye they. isake alawa kaee kamaron koo phir seey sajaaya gayaa aur phir seey sajaaya gayaa. sangamarmar key kaee farshon koo stateroom mein bahaal kiya gayaa haye aur intarcia designs seey sajaaya gayaa haye jisamen prince ranier III kaa double aar monogram shamil haye.
apani patni, divangat grace kellie key saath, prince ranier ney naa kewal mahal koo bahaal kiya, balki 1970 key dashak seey ise ack badey aur sampann vyavasaay kaa mukhyalaya bhee banaa diyaa, jisane halke udyog koo monaco key liye protsaahit kiya, jiska uddeshya monaco kii nirbharta koo cumm karna thaa. isamen bhoomi sudhaar, nae samudra taton kaa vikas aur uchch shreni key vilasita awas shamil they. monaco kii pratishtha mein vriddhi key parinamswarup, 1993 mein yeh sanyukt rashtra mein shamil hoe gayaa, jisamen ranier key uttaradhikari prince albert monaco pratinidhimandal key pramukh they.
rajkumari grace ney apane pati kii mrityu seey pahale 1982 mein ack kaar durghatana key parinamswarup mrityu hoe gaee. jaba varshaakaalin III kii 2005 mein mrityu hoe gaee, tou unhone apane mahal aur apane desh donon koo sadiyon seey aarthik aur sanrachanaatmak roop seey adhik majboot aur adhik sthir chhod diyaa.
21veen sadee mein mahal.
aaj yeh mahal rajkumar ranier key bete aur uttaradhikari, rajkumar albert dwiteeya kaa ghar haye. raajya key kamare garmiyon key dauran janata key liye khule hotey hain, aur 1960 seey, mahal kaa aangan monte-carlo philharmonic orchestra (jise pahale rashtriya opera key orchestra key roop mein jaanaa jaataa thaa) dwara diye gaye khule sangeet karyakramon key liye setting rhaa haye.
haalaanki, mahal ack paryatak aakarshan aur sangrahalaya seey kaheen adhik haih yeh ack poori tarah seey kaam karane vaalaa mahal aur mongask shaasak kaa mukhyalaya banaa huaa haye, iss tathya parr pravesh dwaar parr lagaatar gaard duty parr santhiyon dwara jore diyaa gayaa haye ("chitran 17"). samprabhu rajkumar, halanki samvidhaan seey bandhe hain, ack desh aur ack vyavasaay donon key roop mein monaco key dinn-pratidin key sanchaalan mein shamil hain. aaj monaco ack kshetra koo cover kartaa haye jiska 1980 seey samudra seey punah praapt kiya gayaa haye.
mahatvapurna monagsk ghatnaaon key liye-jaise kii grimmeldy shadiyon aur janmon key liye-mahal kaa aangan khola jaataa haye aur monaco key ekatra nagrikon koo rajkumar dwara aangan kii or dekh rahey hercule kii gallery seey sambodhit kiya jaataa haye. iss praangan kaa upayog bachchon kii vaarshik chrismus party kii mejbani key liye bhee kiya jaataa haye. iss tarah kii ghatnaaon key madhyam seey, mahal rajkumar aur usaki praja key jeevan mein ack kendriya bhoomika nibhaata rahata haye, jaisa kii yeh 700 seey adhik varshon seey kartaa aaa rhaa haye.

