
jeane rose

jeane iris ross cockburn (7 maee 1911-27 aprail 1973) ack british patrakaar, raajneetik karyakarta aur film aalochak they. spanish grihyuddh (1936-39) key dauran, vaha "delly express" key liye ack yuddh samvaadaata thee aur usa parr aarop haye kii vaha joseph stallin key commintern key liye ack press agent thee. ack kushal lekhak, rose ney "dainik karyakarta" key liye ack film sameekshak key roop mein kaam kiya aur praarambhik soviyat cinema kii unaki aalochanaon koo baad mein vidvaanon dwara "dwandwaatmak sophistry" key saral karyon key roop mein varnit kiya gayaa. apane poore jeevan mein, unhone british shramikon kii film aur photo leag jaise kaee alag-alag sangathanon key liye raajneetik aalochana, fasiwadi virodhi vivaad aur samajwadi ghoshanapatra likhe. vaha ack dharmanishth stalinwadi aur grate britten kii communist party kii aajivan sadasya theen.
veemar ganarajya mein apani yatra key dauran, rose ack cabrey gayika aur berlin mein mahatvakankshi film abhinetri theen. unake palayan ney christopher isherwood key 1937 key upanyaas "saili bouls" mein nayika koo prerit kiya, jise baad mein "baay too berlin" mein ekatra kiya gayaa thaa, ack kaam jise saahityik alochakon ney weamer yug key bhogwadi shunyavaad koo chaturai seey kaid karane key roop mein uddhrit kiya aur baad mein munch sangeet "cabrey" mein anukoolit kiya. 1937 key upanyaas mein, saili ack british flapper haye joe jaiz yug key godhuli key dauran ack chaanti key roop mein chaand kii roshni kartaa haye. asafal prem prasangon kii ack shrinkhala key baad, vaha garbhavati hoe jaati haye aur upanyasika key kathavachak dwara garbhpaat kii suvidha pradaan kii jaati haye. isserwood ney upanyaas key kaee vivaranon koo ross key jeevan kii vaastavik ghatnaaon parr adharit kiya, jisamen uska garbhpaat bhee shamil haye. manhani key mukadame key darr seey, isserwood ney ross kii spasht anumati diye jaane taka kaam key prakaashan mein deree kii.
apane shesh jeevan key liye, rose kaa maanana thaa kii dhanush key nadan aur araajnaitik charitra key saath apane saarvajanik judaav ney ack peshevar lekhak aur raajneetik karyakarta key roop mein apane jeevan bhar key kaam koo roque diyaa. unaki betty saaraa codwell, jinhone iss vishvaas koo saajha kiya, ney baad mein aitihaasik record koo sahee karane aur rose key baare mein galat dhaaranaon koo door karane key prayaas mein ack samachar patra lekh likhaa. codwell key anusaar, "munch aur cinema key liye upanyaas key parivartanon mein saili kaa charitra chitran uttarottar crudder aur cumm sookshm hoe gayaa haye aur 'mool' key baare mein kahaaniyan tadnusar adhik uchch-rangeen hoe gaee hain.
charitra saili bouls koo prerit karane key alawa, rose koo "rashtriya jeevani key oxford shabdakosh" aur anya sroton dwara geetkaar erich maswitz key jaiz maanak "inn murkhtapurna cheejon (mujhe aapaki yaad dilaate hue)" key liye sangeet key roop mein shreya diyaa jaataa haye, joe 20 veen shatabdi key sabse sthaayi prem geeton mein seey ack haye. halanki maschwitz kii alag hoe chuki patni hermione jingold ney baad mein daavaa kiya kii yeh geet unake liye likhaa gayaa thaa yaa abhineta enaa meey wong ney inn daavon kaa khandan kiya. isake bajaay, maschwitz ney ack "yuva prem" kii yaadon kaa hawala diyaa, aur adhikansh vidwan raas key saath maschwitz key yuva sambandh koo geet seey prerit maanate hain.
praarambhik jeevan aur shiksha.
jeane rose kaa paalan-poshan alexandaria, misra key british sanrakshit kshetra mein maisan balasiano mein vilasita mein kiya gayaa thaa, vaha charles rose (1880-1938) kii sabse badee betty thee, joe misra key tata key liye ack scotish sooti vargikarankarta thee aur ack kattar udaarvaadi, virodhi-parivaar mein apane chaar bhaai-bahanon key saath pully-badhee thee.
rose kii shiksha ingland mein letherhead court, surre mein hui thee. ack asamanya roop seey buddhiman chhaatra key roop mein, jisane 16 saal kii umr taka chhathe roop kaa pathyakram puuraa curr liya thaa, vaha bahut oob gaee thee aur school seey nafrat karati thee. vaha khule taur parr vidrohi hoe gaee jaba usey bataaya gayaa kii usey pahale seey hii puuraa kiya gayaa pathyakram doharaane key liye ack aur saal key liye school mein rehna hoga. apani swatantrata praapt karane key liye, usane ack kishore garbhavastha kaa naatak kiya aur usey school kii kadee pradhanadhyapika key saamane pesh honey key liye bulaaya gayaah
usane pradhanadhyapika seey jhoothaa aagrah kiya kii vaha garbhavati haye aur chamade key sir vaale adalat key school key shikshakon ney kishore koo paas key ack pagal sharan mein taba taka alag curr diyaa jaba taka kii ack rishtedaar naheen aaya aur usey vaapas naheen leey liya. jaba unhein pataa chalaa kii garbhavastha kaa naatak kiya gayaa thaa, tou rose koo aupchaarik roop seey nishkaasit curr diyaa gayaa thaa. usake avagyaapurna vyavhaar seey naraj hocker, usake maataa-pitaa ney usey videsh mein pensionate mistral, ack kuleen swiss finishing school, newchatel mein bhej diyaa. haalaanki, rose koo yaa tou nishkaasit curr diyaa gayaa thaa yaa vaha school seey bhaag gayaa thaa.
apane daadaa charles codwell, joe ack samriddh udyogpati aur bhoomi malik they, dwara pradaan kiye gaye ack nyaas wazife kaa upayog karate hue, kishore rose ingland laut aae aur landan mein naatakiya kalaa kii shaahi akadami (raada) mein dakhila liya. apane pahale varsh mein lagan seey khud koo lagu karane key baad, unhone ack pratishthit abhinay puraskar jeetaa jisane unhein apani pasand key kissy bhee nirmaan mein mukhya bhoomika nibhaane kaa avsar diyaa. jaba unhone faidra kii kathin bhoomika kaa chayan kiya, tou unhein bataaya gayaa kii unaki yuvavastha ney aisee dukhad bhoomika koo chhod diyaa kyonki unake paas aavashyak jeevan anubhav kii kamee thee. iss incar seey aahat hocker, rose ney ack saal baad film currier banaane key liye akadami chhod dee.
1930 mein, unnis saal kii umr mein, rose aur saathi misra mein janme hangerian abhineta marika rock ney nirdeshak monti banks mein ack haram "hauri" koo chitrit karate hue cinemai bhoomikaaen praapt keen, "navik ghar kyon chhodate hain", ack praarambhik dhwani comedy jise landan mein filmaya gayaa thaa. ross kaa gahara rung aur arabi mein aanshik pravaah bhoomika key liye upayukt maanaa gayaa thaa. apani chhoti bhoomikaon seey nirash, unhone aur rock ney germany key wimer ganarajya mein ichchuk abhinetaon key liye paryaapt naukari key avsaron key baare mein afavaahen sunee aur madhya europe key liye badee ummeedon key saath shuru kiya.
wimer berlin.
madhya europe mein rose kii yatra usaki ummeed seey cumm safal saabit hui. abhinay kaa kaam paane mein asamarth, unhone veemar germany mein ack night club gayika key roop mein kaam kiya, jahira taur parr samlaingik baar aur dusare darje key cabrey mein. jaba vaha gaanaa yaa modeling naheen karati theen, tou vaha aksar chhoti filmon mein bhoomikaaen hassil karane kii ummeed mein ack german motion picture production company yufa jee. aim. bee. aich. key karyalayon mein jaati theen. 1931 key anta taka, unhone theatre nirdeshak max reinhart key offenback key "tails off hoffman" key nirmaan mein ack nartaki key roop mein naukari praapt kii, aur reinhart key "pier gint" key nirmaan mein anitra kii bhoomika nibhai.
reinhart key bahupratikshit "tails off hoffman" kaa pradarshan 28 navambar 1931 koo huaa thaa. naazi party key kramik aarohan seey pahale yeh utpaadan berlin rangmanch key drishya kii antim mahaan jeet mein seey ack thaa. rose aur ack purush nartak munch kii prishthabhoomi mein ack kamuk jode key roop mein ack saath dikhaai diye, aur dusare abhinay key venis mahal anukram key dauran kewal sylhoot mein dikhaai diye. baad mein, rose ney kahaa kii unhone aur purush kalakar ney binaa kissy sandeh key darshakon key poore drishtikon mein yaun antarangata key liye iss avsar kaa laabh uthaaya thaa.
baithak isserwood.
1931 key anta taka, rose berlin key shonberg chully gaee thee, jahan vaha angreji lekhak christopher isherwood key saath nolendorfstra 17 mein fraulen metaa thurau key flat mein mamuli awas saajha karati thee, jinase vaha octuber 1930 yaa 1931 kii shuruat mein millie thee. isherwood, joe ack prashikshu upanyaskar thee, faasivaad key uday key baare mein raajneetik roop seey dwidhamansh mein thee aur purush veshyaon kaa laabh uthaane aur shahar key orgestic jaiz yug cabarates kaa anand lene key liye berlin chully gaee thee. unaki pahali mulakat mein, rose ney baatchit parr ekadhikar curr liya aur apane navintam yaun vijayon kaa varnan kiya. ack samay parr, vaha apane thaile mein pahunch gaee aur ack diaphram banaaya, jise usane ack chaunka dene vaale isserwood key chehare parr laharaaya. donon jald hii ghanishth dost bunn gaye.
halanki rose key isherwood key saath sambandh hamesha sauhaardpurna naheen they, lekin vaha jald hii raajneetik roop seey adhik jagrook kaviyon key saath isherwood key samajik dayare mein shamil hoe gaeen.aich. auden aur stephen kharch karane vaalaa. baad mein, samlaingik purush lekhakon key iss dayare mein ross ekmatra mahila theen, jinhone apane-apane sansmaranon mein unhein pauranik bataaya. isherwood key parichiton mein, ross koo ack yaun swatantrata key roop mein maanaa jaataa thaa joe baadhaon seey rahit thaa aur nagna rahate hue apane flat mein agantukon kaa manoranjan karane yaa apane yaun sambandhon parr charcha karane key baare mein koee sankoch naheen kartaa thaa. 19 varsheeya rose kaa ack samkaaleen chitra isherwood key "berlin koo alvida" mein dikhaai detaa haye jaba kathakar pahali baar "divya roop seey kshay" vaale saili dhanush kaa saamana kartaa haih
isherwood ney aage kahaa kii yuva rose kaa shaaririk roop seey merley oberon seey saadrishya haye, lekin kahaa kii unake chehare parr swabhavik roop seey haasya kalakar beatrice lilly key samaan ack karkash haasya thaa. nolendorfstrasse 17 mein unakaa ramshackle flat wimer berlin key kattarpanthi antahkshetron, vidhvansak gatividhi aur samlaingik raatri jeevan key kendra key paas ack shramik varg key jile mein thaa. dinn mein, rose lokpriya patrikaon key liye ack fashion model thee, aur raat mein, vaha kurfurstendam avenue key saath sthit paas key cabarates mein ack bohemian chanties gaayan thee, joe ack manoranjan-wies jilaa thaa jise joseph gobbels dwara apani 1928 kii patrika mein bhavishya key vinash key liye chunaa gayaa thaa. 1933 kii shuruat mein jaba naazi party ney satta parr kabja curr liya tou inn cabrey koo brounshirt dwara bund curr diyaa gayaa thaa. isserwood ney rose koo gaate hue sunane key liye inn nightclubs kaa daura kiya; baad mein unhone unaki aavaaj koo garib lekin phir bhee prabhaavi bataayah
isserwood key saath apani parichitata key kaaran, rose baad mein isserwood key 1937 key namankit upanyaas mein saili bouls naamak "ack kadvi angreji" aur unaki 1939 kii pustak "baay too berlin" key roop mein amar hoe gaee. jaba vaha isherwood kii company mein they, taba ross koo ack ubhayalingi americi lekhak, joe baad mein apane uttar-aupaniveshik upanyaas "dha sheltering skye" key liye prashansa praapt karenge, paal bouls seey parichit karaaya gayaa thaa. rose aur paul bowels key beach iss mulakat ney isserwood parr ack chhaap chhodi, jinhone baad mein charitra saili bowels key liye bowels upnaam kaa upayog kiya, jise vaha rose parr adharit thaa. isserwood ney kahaa kii ross "saili kii tulanaa mein adhik anivarya roop seey british thee; vaha ack sachchi angreji mahila kii tarah apani 'muskurahat aur sahansheelata' key saath budd budd curr rahee thee. aur vaha aur kathor thee.
garbhpaat kii ghatana.
halanki isherwood ney kabhi-kabhi mahilaaon key saath yaun sambandh banaae, ross-kaalpanik charitra saili key vipareet-ney kabhi bhee isherwood koo lubhaane kii koshish naheen kii, halanki jaba bhee unakaa flat aaney vaale manoranjan karane vaalon seey bharaa huaa thaa tou unhein ack bistar saajha karane key liye majboor kiya gayaa thaa. isake bajaay, isherwood ney ack yuva, kamkaji varg, german vyakti henz nedermayer key saath ack samaan-ling sambandh sthaapit kiya, jabaki rose ney vibhinn prakaar key vishamalaingik sambandhon mein pravesh kiya, jisamen ack lamba, goraa, sangeetkaar gotz wonn aika key saath thaa, joe baad mein peater vaine ike key naam seey ack abhineta bunn gayaa aur heinry-george closot key "bhaya kii majdoori" key bhavishya key sitaare bunn gaye. halanki kuchh jeevanikaron ney vaine ike koo yahudi key roop mein pahachaana, anya posit vaine ike pomerania mein prussian bhoomi maalikon kaa dhanee vanshaj thaa. ack pomeranian abhijaat key roop mein, unake parivaar seey sainya currier shuru karane kii ummeed kii jaati thee, lekin ack yuva vyakti key roop mein unaki jaiz mein ruchi hoe gaee aur unhone berlin mein sangeet kii padhaai kii.
jaba 19 varsheeya vaine ike rose seey mille, tou vaha aksar berlin cabarates mein jaiz piyanovadak key roop mein chaand parr chamakate they. yaa tou unake sankshipt sambandh key dauran yaa unake alag honey key turant baad, rose koo ehsas huaa kii vaha garbhavati thee. rose key liye ack vyaktigat paksh key roop mein, garbhpaat prakriya koo suvidhajanak banaane key liye isherwood ney apane vishamalaingik garbhavati honey kaa naatak kiya. doctor kii laparwahi key kaaran garbhpaat prakriya key parinamswarup rose kii lagbhag mrityu hoe gaee. prakriya key baad, isserwood ney ack berlin aspatal mein ack beemar rose kaa daura kiya. sharmile samlaingik lekhak koo apana vishamalaingik saathi maanate hue, aspatal key karmchaariyon ney usey rose koo lagbhag ghaatak garbhpaat karaane key liye majboor karane key liye tiraskar kiya. inn dukhad ghatnaaon ney baad mein isserwood koo apana 1937 kaa upanyaas "saili bouls" likhane key liye prerit kiya aur isake kathaa charmotkarsh key roop mein kaary kartaa haye.
germany seey prasthaan.
jabaki rose garbhpaat kii prakriya seey uber gaye, wimer germany mein raajneetik sthiti teji seey bigad gaee kyonki praarambhik naazi party dinn-pratidin majboot hoti gaee. 1932 taka, wimer germany ack aarthik avasaad key gart mein thaa, jisamen laakhon loga berojgar they. lagbhag harr german jiska way saamana karate they, "garib thaa, bahut cumm paise parr haath seey munh karke jee rhaa thaa. berlin key nivaasiyon ney "garibi, berojgari, raajneetik pradarshan aur charam vaam aur charam dakshinpanthi taakton key beach sadak parr ladaai" kaa anubhav kiya.
jaise-jaise raajneetik mahaul bigadata gayaa, rose, isserwood, kharch karane vaale aur anya logon koo ehsas huaa kii unhein germany chhod denaa chaahiye. "berlin kii sadakon parr tabahi kii bhavna mahsoos kii jaa rahee thee", kharch karane vaale ney yaad kiya. julaai 1932 key chunaavon mein, naazi logon ney reachstag mein bahulata hassil kii aur usa varsh agast taka, rose germany seey chaley gaye aur dakshini ingland laut aae. rose key germany chhodane key bavjood, isserwood ney henz nedermayer key saath apane karibi lagaav key kaaran baney rahane kaa faisala kiya. haalaanki, 30 janwari 1933 koo adolph hitler key germany key kuladhipati key roop mein aarohan key baad, isherwood koo ehsas huaa kii germany mein abb aur rehna khatarnak hoga. unhone ack dost koo tippani keeh "adolph, apani aaytaakaar kaali moonchh key saath, rahane aaya haye aur apane sabhi doston koo leey aaya haye... naziyon koo 'sahayak pulis' key roop mein namankit kiya jaanaa haye, jiska arth haye kii abb naa kewal unaki hatyaa kii jaani chaahiye, balki koee bhee pratirodh karna avaidh haye."hitler dwara saksham adhiniyam paarit karane key dou saptah baad, jisane usaki shakti koo majboot kiya, isherwood germany seey bhaag gaye aur 5 aprail 1933 koo ingland laut aae.
antatah, desh mein zenophobic naziwad kii badhati vyaapaktaa rose aur isserwood koo apane priya berlin lautane seey roque degi. kaee berlin cabrey nivasi jinase rose aur isherwood kii dosti hui, way baad mein videsh bhaag jaate yaa shram shiviron mein marr jaate.
landan mein gatividhiyaan.
communist party mein shamil honah.
dakshini ingland lautane key baad, rose landan key chelsey mein cheyan walk mein rahati thee aur isherwood aur apane doston key saath dosti jaari rakhti thee. unhone vampanthi raajneetik kaaryakartaon key saath bhee judanaa shuru kiya joe hasyapurna lekin samarpit, yaun roop seey anumati dene vaale lekin raajneetik roop seey hathdharmi they. iss avadhi key dauran, vaha ack anglo-scott patrakaar aur upanyaskar alek vau aur avalin vau key dusare chachere bhaai, clod cockburn seey mileen.
way kaife royal mein mille. kathit taur parr, ack shaam, cockburn ney ross koo ack check diyaa, lekin shayed dusare vichaar honey parr, usane agali subah phone karke usey chetavani dee kii check uchhal jaayega. iss "avishvasaniyata key sanket" aur "iss tathya key bavjood kii cockburn kii shaadi pahale seey hii ack americi mahila seey hoe chuki thee, jise vaha garbhavati honey parr chhod gayaa thaa", rose ney cockburn key saath ack sambandh shuru kiya. baad kii shaam koo, cockburn ney subah key shuruati ghanton taka poori raat markswadi aarthik siddhant koo ujagar kiya. baad mein cockburn ney kahaa kii unhone rose koo vampanthi patrakaar banane key liye raaji kiya aur "dainik karyakarta" mein unaki naukari sunishchit kii.
cockburn key prabhaav key kaaran, rose mahasachiv hairi polit key karyakal key dauran grate britten kii communist party (see. pee. jee. bee.) mein shamil hoe gaye. vaha apane shesh jeevan key liye ack sakriya aur samarpit party sadasya bunn gaeen. iss beach, unhone ack mahatvakankshi abhineta key roop mein apana currier jaari rakhaa, gett theatre studio mein theatre productions mein dikhaai dee, jise peater godfrey dwara nirdeshit kiya gayaa thaa aur, paise kii aavashyakta mein, unhone "tatler" patrika mein francisi designer jeane paato dwara navintam peris fashion kaa modeling kiya. yeh sambhav haye, halanki isaki sambhavana naheen haye, unhone sarvopari studio kii sangeetmay naatak film "rumba" mein ack corus ladki key roop mein thodi bhoomika praapt kii.
isserwood aur viertel.
ingland mein rahate hue, british film udyog key saath ross key sambandh eashworwod key bhavishya key currier key liye mahatvapurna saabit hue. rose ney 1932 aur 1933 key beach berlin mein kewal athaarah maheene bitaaye they, lekin german mein dharapravah hoe gaee jisase vaha naazi shasson seey bhaag gaye ack austro-german nirdeshakon key saath ack dwibhashi patkatha lekhak key roop mein kaam curr sakee. inn austriyai nirdeshakon mein seey ack berthold viertel they, joe ross key dost bunn gaye.
usa samay, film udyog mein anuvaadakon kii bahut aavashyakta thee taaki ack austra-german nirdeshak key netritva mein nirmaan kii suvidha pradaan kii jaa sakey joe abb united kingdam mein kaam curr rahey they. rose, joe jaanata thaa kii isherwood garibi mein jee rhaa thaa, ney viertel koo usey anuvaadak key roop mein kaam parr rakhane key liye raaji kiya. iss anugrah key liye bhugtan key roop mein, ross ney isherwood seey naukari seey apane pahale saptah key vetan kaa aadhaa usey dene kaa vaadaa karane key liye kahaa. naukari praapt karane key baad, isserwood yaa tou rose key saath iss samjhaute koo chhod diyaa yaa bhool gayaa, aur iss ghatana ney unaki dosti mein khatta honey mein yogdan diyaa hoga. weartell aur isherwood ney jald hii ack aisee film parr sahyog kiya joe "little friend" (1934) bunn jaayegi; iss sahyog ney hollywood mein ack patkatha lekhak key roop mein isherwood key lambe currier kii shuruat kii.
1933 key dauran, isserwood ney berlin mein ross key garbhpaat key baare mein ack kahani kaa kendrak banaaya joe baad mein unakaa 1937 kaa upanyaas "saili boles" bunn gayaa. isaki sanrachana aur gunavatta seey asantusht, isserwood ney baad key varshon key dauran pandulipi koo phir seey likhaa, aur antatah unhone pandulipi koo sampaadak johnn lehmann koo "nae lekhan" mein prakaashit karane key liye bheja, joe ack naee saahityik patrika thee. jaba isherwood ney lehmann koo bataaya kii unaki kahani tathyaatmak ghatnaaon parr adharit thee, tou sampaadak kahani key charmotkarsh key baare mein chintit hoe gaye kyonki yeh ross key garbhpaat parr adharit haye. lehmann koo darr thaa kii aggar kahani prakaashit hui tou ross isherwood aur khud key khilaf manhani kaa mukadama daayar karega.
manhani key mukadame seey bachane key liye chintit, isherwood ney ross seey kahani prakaashit karane kii anumati dene kaa anurodh kiya. rose kii anichha ney pandulipi key prakaashan mein deree kii. kyonki 1930 key dashak mein garbhpaat ack vivadaspad vishay thaa aur isamen aajivan karawas kii sajaa thee, isaliye ross koo darr thaa kii isserwood kii apani jeevan shally aur berlin mein garbhpaat kii kahani usake sthiti-jagrook parivaar key saath usake kathin sambandhon koo aur tanaav dega.
upanyaas key prakaashan key liye sahamati dene key liye ross parr haavi honey key liye, isherwood ney kahaa kii vaha sabse vikat vittiya paristhitiyon mein they. rose, joe khud aksar garib thaa, isi tarah kii sthiti mein kissy bhee dost key saath sahaanubhooti rakhta thaa. eashworwod key liye ack vyaktigat paksh key roop mein, unhone "saili bouls" key prakaashan parr apani aapattiyan vyakt keen, jise taba hogarth press dwara prakaashit kiya gayaa thaa. upanyaas kii jabardast safalata key baad, ross koo iss nirnay parr khed huaa aur unakaa maanana thaa kii isase unaki pratishtha koo sthaayi roop seey nuksan pahuncha haye. abb samajwadi uddeshya key liye gaharaai seey pratibaddh, ross ney dekhaa kii isherwood kii kahani ney unaki sthiti koo "una sathiyon key beach kamjor curr diyaa, jinhone mahsoos kiya kii vaha saili boles key liye model thee.
shramikon kii leag, aur gaban.
1934 aur 1935 key aspas, rose ney alpakaalik british shramikon kii film aur photo leag (bee. doubleu. aff. pee. ell.) key liye ack ghoshanapatra likhaa aur isake mahasachiv key roop mein kaary kiya. apane saamyavaadi samarthit americi samkaksh kii tarah, bee. doubleu. aff. pee. ell. kaa mukhya uddeshya sanyukt raajya america aur sanyukt raajya jaise poonjiwadi samajon mein nirmit "poonjipati" aur "pareshan karane vaali" filmon key liye ack saanskritik jawabi kaarravaai shuru karna thaa. sangathan ney poore desh mein shramik sangathanon key liye poonjiwadi virodhi "krantikari filmon" koo leey jaane kii maang kii. apane seemit karmiyon aur mamuli dhana key bavjood, leag ney samachar-patrikaon kaa nirmaan kiya, shramik varg kii film aalochana parr seminar padhaae, "pratikriyaavaadi chitron" key khilaf virodh pradarshan aayojit kiye, aur samaan vichardhara vaale cinema key caders key liye soviyat roose kii navintam blockbuster filmon koo pradarshit kiya. bee. doubleu. aff. pee. ell. ney aksar "storm over asia" (1928), "(1928)," road too life "(1931), aur" chaina express "(1929) jaisi filmon kii screening kii.
mahasachiv key roop mein rose key karyakal key dauran, bee. doubleu. aff. ell. pee. soviyat sangh key doston key saath nikatata seey judaa huaa thaa, jisase vaha aksar apane karyalaya sthaan koo cumm kartaa thaa. leag key sachiv key roop mein apane istife key baad, rose ney ack leag sadasya key roop mein seva karna jaari rakhaa aur march 1936 mein laghu film "britten kii raksha" kaa nirmaan karane mein madad kii. apane parivaar key sansadhanon koo dhyaan mein rakhate hue, rose ney vyaktigat roop seey farwari 1936 mein navodit sangathan koo kaafee raashi daan kii. ivan seruya naamak ack anya leag sadasya ney, halanki, apane niji udyam antarrashtriya dhwani filmon key vittaposhan key liye rose key daan kaa adhikansh hissa gaban kiya. iss ghatana aur baad mein sangathanaatmak dhana kii kamee ney kathit taur parr leag kii pragati kii kamee aur 1938 mein isake patan mein yogdan diyaa.
dainik karyakarta" key liye film kii aalochana.
1935 aur 1936 key beach, rose ney communist samachar patra "dainik karyakarta" key liye ack film aalochak key roop mein upnaam peater porcupin kaa upayog kiya, jise unhone sambhavatah kattarpanthi angreji perflitter villium cobet koo shraddhanjali key roop mein apanaaya, jinhone usee chhadm naam kaa upayog kiya thaa. film aalochana mein rose kii ruchi kathit taur parr berlin mein shuru hui jaba vaha aksar isherwood, auden aur kharch karane vaale key saath cinema mein jaati thee. kharch karane vaale key anusaar, unake doston kii chaukadi ney saamoohik roop seey aisee filmon koo robbert veene kii "dow. kailigari, "fritz laing kaa" mahanagar ", aur joseph wonn sternberg kaa" neela doot ". way vishesh roop seey jee jaisi "veertapurna sarvahara filmon" key shaukeen they.doubleu. pobst kii "comradeship" key saath-saath "russie filmein jinamen photography ney shram aur udyog kii kavyatmak chhaviyaan banaai", jiska udaaharan "duss dinon mein haye jisane duniya koo hilaa diyaa" aur "yuddhapot potemkin" mein diyaa gayaa haye. saathi aalochak dwite mcdonald ney iss avadhi koo soviyat cinema key swarn yug aur lauh yug key roop mein varnit kiyaah
apani film aalochana mein, rose ney jore dekar kahaa kii "soviyat sangh key shramikon ney duniya koo iss kalaa key roop kii naee vividhataon seey parichit karaaya thaa" jisamen "ack vijayi shramik varg kii vidyuteekaran shakti aur jeevan shakti aur swatantrata" thee. praarambhik soviyat cinema kii unaki sameekshaon koo baad mein vidvaanon dwara "dwandwaatmak sophistry key saral tukade" key roop mein varnit kiya gayaa thaa.
spanish grihyuddh kii poorv sandhya.
sitambar 1936 key madhya mein, jaba spanish grihyuddh apane pahale varsh mein thaa, rose kathit taur parr angreji kavi aur communist johnn cornford seey ingland mein horseshoe pub mein mille, jabaki unake dost johnn somerfield key saath they. francisco franco kii senaa key khilaf soochibaddh honey vaale pahale angreji swayamsevak key roop mein, cornford abhee-abhee aragon front seey laute they, jahan unhone saragosa key paas paum milicia key saath seva kii thee, aur pardigura aur hyuska key paas shuruati ladaaiyon mein ladey they. cornford phir spen mein faasivaadiyon kaa mukabala karane key liye swayamsevakon kii bharti karane key liye barcelona seey ingland laut aaya.
rose aur cornford key beach praarambhik baithak key baad, pub mein ack nikat jhagada huaa jaba ack poorv-fasiwadi swayamsevak joe ayrish brigade mein thaa, maujood thaa aur yuddh key vishay parr cornford key saath lagbhag bhid gayaa. pub chhodane key baad, cornford aur rose madhya landan key fitzrovia mein charlotte street parr bertorelli key liye raat key khaane key liye gaye, jahan ross ney spen mein chala rahey raajneetik mamalon key saath-saath ingland aur germany key beach key gyaan seey cornford koo prabhaavit kiya. shaam key anta taka, cornford aur rose ney ack romans shuru curr diyaa.
cornford sambhavatah aaney vaale hafton mein ross key apartment mein chaley gaye, jabaki unhone spen mein apane saath "saamoohik roop seey" lautane key liye swayamsevakon kii bharti kii. ross key saath rahate hue, cornford ney apani kavitaon kii pahali pustak prakaashit kii aur "lysistrata" key anuvaad parr kaam kiya. yadi aisaa sambandh huaa, tou yeh sankshipt sangh spen mein franco seey ladane key liye unaki aapsi pratibaddhata key kaaran naheen thaa.
yuddh samvaadaata.
spen ganarajya mein aagaman.
sitambar 1936 mein, rose ney yuddhagrast spen kii yatra yaa tou clod cockburn kii company mein yaa alag seey kii. iss samay, cornford 21 british swayamsevakon key saath faasivaadiyon seey ladane key liye spen laut aaya thaa aur antarrashtriya brigade mein british dall kaa "vaastavik" pratinidhi bunn gayaa thaa. unhone ack mitraluse ikai key saath seva kii, aur navambar aur disambar 1936 mein madrid kii ladaai mein ladey. baad mein vishvavidyalaya shahar madrid key liye ladaai key dauran, vaha ack awara vimaan-rodhi gole seey ghayal hoe gaye. apani choton key bavjood, unhone marcelise brigade key angreji bolane vaale swayamsevakon key saath seva kii aur 27 yaa 28 disambar koo cordoba key paas lopera mein kaarravaai mein maare gaye.
cornford kii mrityu kii khabar sunkar, rose tabah hoe gayaa thaa aur usane neend kii goliyon kii adhik matra key saath khud koo maarne kaa prayaas kiya hoga. dashakon baad, vaha ack vyaktigat baatchit key dauran apane parichit johnn somerfield koo bataati kii cornford "ekmatra aisaa vyakti thaa jisase main kabhi pyaar karati thee. dommed republican kii seva mein cornford aur anya doston kii mrityu sambhavatah ross kii faasivaad virodhi bhaavanaon koo majboot karati haye, aur vaha "delly express" key liye ack yuddh samvaadaata key roop mein lambe sangharsh key dauran republican spen mein rahee.
patrakaar aur prachaarak.
spanish grihyuddh key dauran, rose ney "espen samachar-agency" ("spanish samachar agency") key landan shakha karyalaya key liye kaam kiya. sangathan mein rose key karyakal key dauran, patrakaar george orwell ney "espen samachar-agency" parr ack stellinwadi upkaran honey kaa aarop lagaaya thaa, jisane spanish grih yuddh key gantantra paksh mein stellinwadi virodhi guton koo kamjor karane key liye jhoothaa prachaar kiya thaa. vishesh roop seey, barcelona key dinon key dauran, jaba gantantra paksh key arajaktawadi guton koo stallinist-samarthit sainikon dwara nasht curr diyaa gayaa thaa, tou "espen samachar-agency" aur "dainik karyakarta" ney jhoothe daave prakaashit kiye kii arajaktawadi ack takhtapalat kii yojana banaa rahey they aur gupt roop seey faasivaadiyon key saath gathbandhan curr rahey they aur iss prakaar unake unmoolan koo uchit thaharaaya.
agency key sabhi karmchari-rose sahit-comintern upkaran key wafadar karyakarta they, antarrashtriya saamyavaadi sangathan joe ack vishvavyaapi soviyat ganarajya banaane kii maang kartaa thaa. rose key saathi commintern pracharakon mein hangerian patrakaar arther coestler, villie forrest, "mosco delly news" key mildrade bennet aur clod cockburn shamil they.
jaise-jaise grihyuddh aage badhaa, rose aur cockburn karib aatey gaye. iss samay taka, cockburn british communist party kaa ack pramukh sadasya thaa. paanch varshon key bheetar, vaha paschimi europe mein commintern kaa netaa bunn jaayega. 1936 mein "dainik karyakarta" key liye spanish grihyuddh koo cover karate hue, cockburn vampanthi "republicanos" kii kuleen paanchvin resiment mein shamil hoe gaye they, joe dakshinpanthi "nacionales" seey lada rahey they aur jaba way naheen lada rahey they, tou unhone communist party koo sahanubhutipurna coverage dee thee.
jabaki cockburn ney paanchvin resiment key saath ladaai ladee, rose ney "delly express" key liye ack yuddh samvaadaata key roop mein kaary kiya. jaba cockburn agrim pankti mein thaa, tou ross bhoot ney usake liye apane collum likhe, "apani shally kii nakal karate hue aur ise apane naam key tahat" dainik karyakarta "parr dakhil karate hue" express "koo apani report bhejana jaari rakhaa. rose koo medrid mein republican rakshakon key saath embed kiya gayaa thaa.
gherabandi kiye gaye madrid mein anya videshi samvaaddaataon mein "dha newyork times" key herbert mattheau, uttari americi samachar patra gathbandhan key ernest hemingway, united press international key heinry tilton gorrell aur "colliers" key martha gelhorn key saath-saath josephine herbst bhee they. rose aur anya videshi samvaadaata aksar anaaj key barbad tahakhaane mein ack saath bhojan karate they, fasiwadi sainikon dwara apani athak bambari key dauran gherabandi mein khula ekmatra restaraan. sashastr wafadar santhari tahakhaane key bhojanalaya kii bhaari suraksha karate they aur kissy koo bhee press paas key binaa pravesh kii anumati naheen thee.
dakshini morche parr reporting.
1937 kii shuruat mein, jaise-jaise grihyuddh aage badhaa, ross, "dha shikago delly news" key usake dost richard maurer-ernest hemingway kii pahali patni hadley richardson key sautele bete-aur unake guide constantia dee laa morah ney dakshini morche parr report karane key liye andalusia kii yatra kii. rose aur maurer ney eleconte, malaga aur jaine mein yuddh-samay kii sthitiyon kii jaanch kii aur report kii. rose key aagaman seey ack saptah pahale, jaine parr german junkers 52 vimaanon key ack squadron dwara bambari kii gaee thee. malabe key beach, rose ney marane vaalon kii sankhya key baare mein bataaya aur una maataon sahit jeevit bache logon kaa sakshatkar liya jinake bachche bambari mein maare gaye they. isake baad vaha aurajar key liye aage badhee, jahan chala rahee ladaai aur machine-gunn kii aag key beach, usane dakshini senaaon key ack commander curnell jose morales kaa sakshatkar liya.
morails key saath unake sakshatkar key baad, jiss kafile mein rose yatra curr rhaa thaa, usey baar-baar dushman kii aag kaa saamana karna padaa aur baad mein, shaam key dauran, ack fasiwadi havaai gashti dwara bambari kii gaee. dee laa morah ney iss bambari koo yaad kiya kyonki rose aur anya republican samarthak patrakaron ney dainik khatron mein seey ack key roop mein agrim pankti seey samacharon kii report karna sahan kiyaah
anduser mein apane samay key dauran, rose ney german junkers dwara nau havaai bambari kaa saamana kiya aur havaai hamale key aashray kii kamee key bavjood pratyek butch gayaa. inn ghatnaaon koo yaad karate hue, morah ney rose koo ack nidder reporter key roop mein varnit kiya, jisane khud koo maut key liye tyagpatra dey diyaa thaa aur jaba bumm gire tou "jitna sambhav hoe utanaa swabhavik" lugg rhaa thaa. usake doston ney kahaa kii rose key paas usake baare mein shaanti kii ack aramdayak havaa thee. anduser mein apani reporting key baad, rose ney cordoba aur charam parr morchon seey report karna jaari rakhaa. unhone agale varsh key liye yuddh kii pragati parr reporting jaari rakhee, aksar gantantra balon kii agrim pankti seey.
madrid kaa patan aur ingland lautana.
1938 key anta mein, jaba vaha cockburn key bachche key saath garbhavati thee, taba rose ney madrid kii gherabandi key antim maheenon koo dekhaa aur francovadi balon dwara havaai bambari koo sahan kiya. 28 march 1939 koo jaba taka gherabandi kiya gayaa shahar rashtravadi senaaon key haathon mein chalaa gayaa, taba taka rose ingland bhaag gayaa thaa. unake yuddh key anubhavon, vishesh roop seey unake dwara dekhe gaye atyacharon aur yuddh mein khoye gaye doston ney faasivaad virodhi pratirodh key prati unaki aajivan pratibaddhata koo majboot kiya.
madrid key girane key saath dinon baad, ross ney clod cockburn seey ack betty koo janm diyaa. 27 maee 1939 koo paida huaa bachcha, saaraa codwell, unake millen kii ekmatra santan thee. kuchh sroton kaa kahana haye kii mahilaaon kii mukti key baare mein apane raajneetik vishvaason key kaaran ross ney cockburn seey shaadi naheen kii, lekin british kaanoon key tahat, cockburn ney abhee bhee apani pahali patni hope hell davis seey shaadi kii thee; vaha usa samay badey vivaah kiye binaa ross seey shaadi naheen curr sakata thaa. kyaa rose koo pataa thaa kii cockburn abhee bhee kanuni roop seey davis seey vivaahit thaa, yeh agyaat haye. apani betty key janm seey kaee maheene pahale, rose ney ack vilekh sarvekshan daayar kiya jisamen unhone apana upnaam badalkar cockburn curr liya.
1938 yaa 1939 mein, cockburn ney patricia arbuthnot key saath ack gupt sambandh mein pravesh kiya. agast 1939 mein, cockburn ney rose aur unake navjat bachche koo arbuthnot key saath rahane key liye "baahar chalaa gayaa". baad mein cockburn ney apane sansmaranon seey rose key sabhi ullekh koo hataa diyaa. cockburn dwara usake parityag key baad, ross key paas ack aur record kiya huaa saathi naheen thaa. baad mein usane ack parichit seey kahaa kii "ack aadami kaa aspas honah snan mein magarmachcha honey jaisa thaa.
baad mein jeevan aur mrityu.
dwiteeya vishva yuddh aur yuddh key baad key varsh.
dwiteeya vishva yuddh key shuru honey seey kuchh samay pahale, rose, unaki betty saaraa aur unaki vidhwa maan clara codwell hertfordshire chully gaeen. ross kii dosti isserwood key puraane parichit edward aur unaki patni hilda persival seey hui, joe donon hii samajwadi drishtikon key they. baad mein oopar kii or communist party kii baithakon mein upasthiti key madhyam seey olive mengiot seey mulakat hui aur donon ney ack vivaahetar sambandh shuru curr diyaa. olive, jise isherwood ney "dha memorial" mein marve scriven aur "shher aur chhaaya" mein maidam cheuret key roop mein chitrit kiya, antatah apane pati aur ray mengot seey alag hoe gaee aur landan key upnagaron mein gunter grove, barnet mein rahati thee, jahan usane rose aur apani betty saaraa koo apane saath rahane key liye aamantrit kiya.
kaee varshon taka, rose aur saaraa gunter grove mein mamuli paristhitiyon mein olive key boarders key roop mein rahate they. ross kii tarah, manjot apani yuvavastha mein ack araajnaitik bohemian rahee thee aur umr key saath ack bhakt stalinwadi mein badal gaee thee, jisane "dainik karyakarta" koo betch diyaa aur vibhinn vampanthi halakon kaa ack sakriya sadasya thaa. isherwood key anusaar, mangiot, rose aur unake samajik mandal ney trotsky yaa anya saamyavaadi matbhediyon key saath sambandh banaane seey incar curr diyaa joe stalinwadi party line seey bhatak gaye they.
maataa-pitaa aur samajwadi gatividhiyaan.
apane shesh vayask jeevan key liye, rose ney samaajvaad kii vichardhara koo aage badhaane aur apani betty saaraa kaa paalan-poshan karane key liye khud koo samarpit curr diyaa. sarah key liye upalabdh sabse adhik laabhprad shiksha praapt karane key liye, rose scotland chaley gaye. 1960 mein, way oxford vishvavidyalaya mein bhaag lene key liye saaraa key liye landan key barnes chaley gaye. way jeane kii amaanya bahan margaret "pegi" rose key saath rahate they, joe ack moortikaar aur chitrakaar thee jisane leaverpool school off art mein prashikshan liya thaa. iss samay, ross ney pegi-jise gambhir gathiya thaa joe usaki gatishilata koo prabhaavit curr rhaa thaa-aur usaki beemar maan clara, jise ack kamjor stroke huaa thaa, donon key liye ack dekhbhal karane vaale key roop mein kaam kiya. rose key sanrakshan mein, saaraa ack chhaatr key roop mein oxford union mein shamil honey aur oxford union key vaad-vivaad kaksh mein bolane vaali pahali mahilaaon mein seey ack bunn gaeen. vaha oxford mein kaanoon padhaane key liye chully gaeen aur lloyd baink mein ack varishth karyakari bunn gaeen, aur baad mein jasusi upanyason kii ack prasiddh lekhika bunn gaeen.
jaba saaraa oxford mein thee, taba rose ney paramanu hathiyaron kaa virodh karane, dakshin africa key rangbhed kaa bahishkaar karane aur viyatnam yuddh kaa virodh karane sahit raajneetik gatividhiyon mein sanlagn rehna jaari rakhaa. baad key jeevan mein bhee, unhone padosi gharon mein "dainik karyakarta" kii pratiyaan bechana aur chala rahey raajneetik abhiyaanon key baare mein jagrukta badhaana jaari rakhaa. unake jeevan key baad key dashakon key dauran ross seey milane vaale parichiton ney vibhinn kathinaaiyon aur garib aarthik paristhitiyon kaa ullekh kiya thaa, jinhone una parr apana prabhaav daala thaa. iss samay taka, usake paas kuchh kapade they aur bahut cumm paise they. somerfield ney kahaah
ross aur lekhak isherwood unaki mrityu seey kuchh samay pahale antim baar mille they. 24 aprail 1970 kii ack diarry pravishti mein, isherwood ney landan mein apane antim punarmilan kaa varnan kiyaah
27 aprail 1973 koo, rose kii 61 varsh kii ayu mein grieva key cancer seey richmond, surre mein unake ghar parr mrityu hoe gaee. uska antim sanskar purvi sheen mein kiya gayaa thaa.
saili boles" aur "cabrey" koo napsand karna.
rose kii betty saaraa codwell key anusaar, usaki maan khaali charitra saili boles key saath apani lokpriya pehchaan seey nafrat karati thee. unakaa maanana thaa kii charitra kii raajneetik udasinta isserwood yaa unake sukhvaadi doston seey adhik milati-julati haye, jinamen seey kaee "shahar key chaaron or yeh kahate hue jhoom uthhe kii toofaan key sanic apani vardi mein kitane kamuk dikh rahey they. isserwood kii maanyataon key baare mein ross kii raay kii pushti aanshik roop seey isserwood key jeevanikaar peater parker dwara kii gaee haye, jinhone likhaa thaa kii isserwood doubleu kaa "sabse cumm raajneetik" thaa. aich. weamer berlin mein auden key samajik ghere mein, aur auden ney nott kiya kii yuva isherwood "kissy bhee cheez key baare mein koee [raajneetik] raay naheen rakhate they.
codwell key anusaar, rose koo saili bouls charitra aur napsand thaa, jisase unaki nariwadi maanyataon koo thhes pahunchi. isserwood dwara ross key kaalpanik chitran mein ack saahityik parampara kaa upayog kiya gayaa haye jisake anusaar "ack mahila koo yaa tou gunee (yaun arth mein) yaa teekha honah chaahiye. isaliye saili, joe spasht roop seey gunee naheen haye, usey yaun sukh pradaan karane parr jeevan yapan key liye nirbhar rehna chaahiye. iss tarah kii ack agyakari ling bhoomika "swatantrata aur mukti key antim incar [ross] key liye prateet hoti."
sabse badhkar, rose ney isherwood key 1937 key upanyaas "saili bouls" mein rose key chitran parr virodh kiya, jisamen yahudi-virodhi kattarta koo vyakt kiya gayaa haye. 1937 kii kahani mein, dhana praapt karane key liye ack "bhayaanak puraane yahudi" key saath yaun sambandh banaane parr bilaap karate hain. codwell ney kahaa kii iss tarah kii nasleeya kattarta "merrie maan kii shabdawali key liye swahili mein ack vaakya key roop mein videshi hoti; unhein naslavaad key tiraskar seey adhik gahara junoon naheen thaa aur isaliye, shuru seey hii, faasivaad."faasivaad key prati usaki adig napsand key kaaran, rose koo krodhit kiya gayaa thaa, isserwood ney usey apane vishvaason mein vichaarheen roop seey sambaddh [naslavaadi] drishtikon key roop mein chitrit kiya thaa, jisake kaaran daachaau aur aushwitz paida hue. 21veen sadee kii shuruat mein, kuchh lekhakon ney tark diyaa haye kii "saili boles" mein yahudi-virodhi tippani, isherwood key apane bahut-pralekhit purvagrahon kaa pratibimb haye. peater parker kii jeevani mein, way kahate hainh "isserwood koo kaafee yahudi-virodhi honey key roop mein iss hudd taka prakat kiya gayaa haye kii jaba yuddh key baad unhein punah prakaashit kiya gayaa thaa tou berlin upanyason key kuchh sanshodhanon kii aavashyakta thee.
isserwood ney kabhi bhee saarvajanik roop seey pushti naheen kii kii ross unaki mrityu key baad taka saili boles key liye unakaa model thaa. anya parasparik parichit cumm buddhiman they. rose ney kahaa kii unake poorv saathi clod cockburn ney press mein unake doston koo leak curr diyaa thaa, jisane unhone charitra koo prerit kiya thaa. 1951 mein, kavi stephen spender ney apani aatmakatha "duniya key bheetar kii duniya" mein saarvajanik roop seey pushti kii kii dhanush ack vaastavik vyakti parr adharit thaa, aur unhone yeh bhee pushti kii kii upanyasika kii garbhpaat kii ghatana tathyaatmak haye. baad mein, gerald hamilton, joe isserwood key charitra mister norris key liye prerana they, ney ross kii pehchaan cockburn key saath saarvajanik jhagade key kaaran saili boles key roop mein kii. natijatan, jaba 1960 key dashak key anta mein "cabrey" ney prashansa praapt kii, tou patrakaron-vishesh roop seey "delly mell" key logon-ney ross koo track kiya aur ghuspaith key prashnon key saath usey pareshan kiya.
rose ney weamer berlin mein patrakaron key saath apane yaun dussahas parr charcha karane seey incar curr diyaa. codwell ney kahaa kii patrakaron key athak prashn "donon pakshon key liye hamesha nirashajanak theh patrakaar hamesha sex key baare mein baat karna chaahte they" jabaki rose "rajneeti key baare mein baat karna chaahte they. rose ney kahaa kii samvaadaata aksar "tees key dashak mein berlin key baare mein gyaan praapt karane kaa daavaa karate they" lekin way "berojgari yaa garibi yaa sadakon parr cooch karane vaale naazi key baare mein naheen jaanana chaahte they-way kewal itna jaanana chaahte hain kii main kitane purushon key saath bistar parr gayaa thaa. rose taba gusse mein aaa gaee jaba samvaaddaataon ney usake kaee yaun mamalon koo usake nariwadi vishvaason key liye jimmedaar thaharaayaah "unhone poochha kii kyaa main ack nariwadi thee. khair, nishchit roop seey main huun, priya. lekin way naheen sochate kii narivad sex key baare mein haye, haye naa? yeh arthshastra key baare mein haye.
rose ney "cabrey" yaa kissy bhee sambandhit anukoolan koo dekhane key liye nimantranon koo dridhata seey aswikar curr diyaa. cabrey" kii lokpriya safalata key prati unaki dwidhashakti isherwood key parichiton key beach advitiya naheen theeh stephen spender ney kahaa kii "cabrey" ney weamer berlin kii kuchalati garibi parr prakaash daala, aur baad mein unhone nott kiya kii "cabrey" film mein ack bhee bhojan yaa club naheen thaa joe christopher aur main wahan curr sakate they. kharch karane vaale aur ross donon ney aksar kahaa kii isherwood kii kahaaniyon ney 1930 key dashak mein jeevan kii kathor vaastaviktaon koo aakarshak aur vikrit kiya. ross key anusaar, isserwood kii "kahani vaastav mein joe huaa usase kaafee alag thee. phir bhee unhone apane samajik samooh key british pravasiyon key chitran kii sateekta koo sweekaar kiya kii way anand kii talash karane vaale swatantrata praapt karane vaale hainh "humm sabhi apane maataa-pitaa kii peedhi key poonjipati manakon key khilaf they. yahee hamein [weamer-yug] berlin leey gayaa. vahaan kii jalavaayu adhik mukt thee.
chitran aur viraasat.
isserwood cannon.
jeane rose seey prerit kaalpanik charitra saili bowels koo kaee abhinetaon dwara chitrit kiya gayaa haye; "aaee aim aeye camera" mein juulii harris, "baai too berlin" kaa 1951 kaa roopaantaran aur usee naam kaa 1955 kaa film roopaantaran; "cabrey" key mool broadway production mein jill haverth; "cabrey" key mool 1968 key west-aind stage sanskaran mein judie dench; bobe key 1972 key film roopaantaran mein lizaa minelli, aur 1998 key broadway punruddhar mein natasha richardson.
1979 mein, aalochak howard moss ney saili bowels charitra key lachilepan koo nott kiyaah "lagbhag pachas saal hoe gaye hain jaba saili bowels ney ack hangover koo thheek karane key vyarth prayaas mein ack prayeri oyster key liye ack hangover key saath ack vyanjan saajha kiya" aur phir bhee baad key kramparivartan mein charitra "kahani seey laker film taka sangeet seey laker film-sangeet taka" parr rahata haye. moss ney charitra kii nirantar appeal koo parishkrit masumiyat kii aabha key liye jimmedaar thaharaaya joe charitra aur wimer berlin key charitra key chitran mein shamil haye jisamen "anuchit aur badsurat" koo yaa tou dee-impress kiya jaataa haye yaa darshak koo vinamra dikhaai detaa haye.
aalochak ingrid norton key anusaar, saili bowels ney baad mein truman capot key upanyaas "breakfast aitt tiffanies" mein hollie golitely koo prerit kiya. norton ney kahaa haye kii capot key shandar charitra key liye isherwood key dhanush pramukh model they, aur capot key 1958 key upanyaas mein drishya aur samvaad donon mein isherwood key 1937 key kaam mein pratyaksh samaantaaen hain. capot, joe isherwood key upanyason kii prashansa karate they, ney 1940 key dashak key anta mein newyork mein isherwood seey dosti kii thee.
"christopher aur unaki tarah" (2011).
2011 mein, british abhineta immogen poots ney "christopher aind hiz kind" mein jeane rose kaa chitran kiya, jisamen unhone mait smith key saath christopher isherwood key roop mein abhinay kiya. unake pradarshan key liye, poots ney ross key vyaktitva koo "ravaiye kii paraton key neeche yakinan najuk" key roop mein dikhaane kaa prayaas kiya, lekin ross koo ack pratibhashali gaayak key roop mein chitrit naheen karna chaahte they. poots ney kahaa kii aggar jeane itani achchi hoti, tou vaha wimer ganarajya key cabrey mein isserwood key saath ghoomate hue apana samay barbad naheen karati, shayed, vaha usa jeevan key raaste parr hoti jiska usane hollywood mein sapana dekhaa thaa.
yeye murkhtapurna baatein.
preranadayi saili boles key saath-saath, rose koo 20veen shatabdi key sabse adhik lokpriya geeton mein seey ack, "yeye murkhtapurna baatein (mujhe aapaki yaad dilaati hain)" key liye prerana key roop mein shreya diyaa jaataa haye. halanki isake sangeetkaar erich maschwitz kii patni hermione jingold ney kahaa kii unaki aatmakatha yaa tou unake liye yaa abhineta enaa meey wong key liye likhi gaee thee, lekin maschwitz kii apani aatmakatha jingold key vipareet haye. maschwitz ney geet key liye prerana key roop mein "yuva prem kii kshanik yaadon" kaa hawala diyaa, aur adhikansh srot-jisamen "rashtriya jeevani kaa oxford shabdakosh" shamil haye-kahate hain kii cabrey gaayak ross, jinake saath maschwitz kaa ack yuva romantic sampark thaa, geet key liye sangeet thaa.