jerusalam key raajya key dauran jerusalam kaa itihas

jerusalam key raajya key dauran jerusalam kaa itihas 1099 mein pahale dharmayuddh key hisse key roop mein shahar kii gherabandi key saath shuru huaa. isake parinamswarup lagbhag 450 varshon taka muslim shasson key tahat rahane key baad, jerusalam koo isai balon dwara jeet liya gayaa. yeh yerushalam key lattin raajya kii rajdhani bunn gaee, jaba taka kii ise 1187 mein saladin key tahat ayubeed dwara phir seey jeet naheen liya gayaa thaa. agale chaalees varshon key liye, teesare aur paanchven dharmyuddhon sahit isai abhiyaanon kii ack shrinkhala, shahar koo phir seey lene kaa vyarth prayaas kiya, jaba taka kii pavitra roman samrat fredrick dwiteeya ney chhathe dharmayuddh kaa netritva naheen kiya aur 1229 mein safaltapurvak isaki vaapsee parr baatchit kii.
1244 mein, shahar parr khwarazmian sainikon ney kabja curr liya thaa. 1260 key baad yerushalam sahit ayubi kshetra parr misra key mamlux ney kabja curr liya aur 13veen shatabdi key baad shahar koo dheere-dheere phir seey banaaya gayaa, jabaki sikudate tateey yoddha raajya koo 1291 mein apane antim nidhan taka dheere-dheere haraaya gayaa.
avalokan.
dharmayoddhaon ney 1099 mein shahar parr vijay praapt kii aur 1187 mein jerusalam kii gherabandi mein saladin kii senaa dwara apani vijay taka ise apane paas rakhaa aur 12 veen shatabdi kii shuruat mein madhya poorv mein shasson karane vaale ack muslim saltanat, ayubid rajvansh key saamane aatmasamarpan curr diyaa. chhathe dharmayuddh ney jerusalam koo 1229 seey 1244 taka dharm-samarthak shasson key tahat vaapas laa diyaa, jaba taka kii shahar parr khwarazmianon ney kabja naheen curr liya. 1260 mein misra seey mamlukon key uday aur pavitra bhoomi parr unaki vijay key saath dharm-yoddha-ayubid sangharsh samaapt hoe gayaa.
ayubik kaal shahar key vinash kii laharon key saath samaapt huaa. isake kille pahale nasht curr diye gaye they, aur baad mein adhikansh imaraton koo, ack jaanboojhkar jalaa dee gaee prithvi neeti key hisse key roop mein, jiska uddeshya bhavishya key sabhi dharmyuddhon koo shahar aur kshetra mein pair jamaane seey rokna thaa.
yeh jerusalam key itihas mein ack chhota lekin apekshaakrit ashant aur mahatvapurna samay thaa. 70 esvi mein shahar key vinash key baad pahali baar, jerusalam ack alag raajneetik ikai kii rajdhani thee, ack sthiti kewal 20 veen shatabdi mein british janadesh key dauran phir seey hassil hui.
jerusalam key itihas mein dharm-yoddha kaal ney poore madhya poorv key itihas koo nirnaayak roop seey prabhaavit kiya, joe iss kshetra seey parey islami duniya aur isai europe mein fail gayaa. dharmyuddhon ney islam key pavitra sthaanon key padanukram mein jerusalam kii sthiti koo badhaaya, lekin yeh islam kaa aadhyatmik yaa raajneetik kendra naheen banaa. ayubid kaal key anta taka jerusalam kaa naam abb jihad key vichaar seey judaa naheen thaa, aur shahar kii bhoo-raajneetik sthiti mein girawat aaee, joe pahale mamluk samrajya key liye aur baad mein ottoman key liye ack maadhyamik shahar bunn gayaa.
isai niyantran (1099-1187).
jerusalam kii yoddha vijay.
jerusalam kii vijay pahale dharmayuddh kaa pramukh uddeshya bunn gayaa, jise 1095 mein pope urban II key hathiyar key ahwan key saath shuru kiya gayaa thaa. chaar mukhya yoddha senaayen agast 1096 mein europe seey ravaana huin. 7 juuna, 1099 koo, dharmayoddha jerusalam pahunche. 13 julaai seey senaa ney shahar koo gher liya thaa. 14 julaai koo shahar kii divaaron parr hamale shuru hue, jisamen ack vishal bhediya aur dou gherabandi tower they. 15 julaai koo dopahar taka dharmayoddha uttari deewaar parr they aur musalman raksha dhwast hoe gaee.
jerusalam raajya kii rajdhani.
jerusalam kii vijay key saath, adhikansh dharmayuddhavir europe laut aae, aur pavitra bhoomi mein kewal ack chhoti sankhya mein teerthayaatri buss gaye. unhein vishal chunautiyon kaa saamana karna padaa, jisamen mukhya vyaapaar maargon key baahar aur tateey bandargaahon seey door jerusalam raajya kii rajdhani honah shamil thaa.
jerusalam mein dharmayoddhaon key narsamhar ney aabaadi kii sanrachana mein ack naatakiya parivartan paida kiya. musalmaanon aur yahoodiyon kii hatyaa curr dee gaee yaa unhein nirvaasit curr diyaa gayaa aur shahar seey pratibandhit curr diyaa gayaa.
villium off tyre ney likhaah
vijay key baad, jerusalam key nivaasiyon koo khaali curr diyaa gayaa thaa, aur kaee gharon koo chhod diyaa gayaa thaa. lattin shahar kii aabaadi bahut cumm thee aur pavitra kabr aur david key meenar key church parr kendrit thee. villium off tyre ney likhaah
dharmayoddhaon kaa pahala kadam ack kaanoon kii ghoshana karke bhaag rahee aabaadi koo rokna thaa kii ack varsh key liye sampatti rakhane vaalaa vyakti iska malik bunn jaataa haye. purvi isai dharm key sampradayon seey sambandhit nivaasiyon key saath jerusalam koo aabaadi mein laane seey vaastavik sudhaar hassil kiya gayaa thaa. sabse pahale, gherabandi seey pahale nirvaasit kiye gaye isaaiyon koo shahar mein vaapas curr diyaa gayaa aur dharmyuddhkariyon dwara "siriyai" key roop mein naamit kiya gayaa. usee samay, sthaaniya adhikaariyon ney anya isaaiyon koo jerusalam isaaiyon mein basane key liye protsaahit kiya, halanki inn vibhinn samoohon key beach sandigdh sambandh aur pavitra kabr key varchasva aur niyantran key liye sangharsh kaee samasyaon kaa kaaran banaa. 1115 mein siriyai isai, transjorden mein apane gharon seey ukhaade gaye, shahar mein buss gaye, jisase shahar key uttar kii or ack lagaatar aabaadi vaalaa jilaa banaa, jiska naam unake naam parr rakhaa gayaa thaa. saath hii, dharm-samarthak shasakon ney vanijya koo protsaahit kiya, aur 1120 mein jerusalam key raajaa baldwyn dwiteeya ney jerusalam mein laae gaye saman aur khaadya utpaadon parr shulk lagaaya. isake baad ise sabhi prakaar key vyaapaar aur bheetari ilaakon seey shahar mein laae gaye sabhi krishi khaadya utpaadon taka vistaarit kiya gayaa.
madhya yug mein ack shahar key liye asamanya roop seey, jerusalam kii arthavyavastha isai europe key teerthyatriyon key paryatan parr bahut adhik nirbhar thee. ise aur badhaava milaa jaba ise seema shulk seey chhoot dee gaee jisase shahar key bajar aayatit vastuon koo vikasit karane aur bechane mein saksham hoe gaye. iss udyog kaa mahatva ack pavitra sthaan key roop mein jerusalam kii sthaapana key saath badhata rhaa, jisase sadakon aur yatayat suraksha mein bhee sudhaar huaa. shahar kii arthavyavastha koo prabhaavit karane vaalaa ack anya kaarak vibhinn prashaasnik kendra they-raaj-sabhaa, church aur sainya-joe jerusalam seey sanchaalit hotey they.
ack rajdhani shahar honey key naate, jerusalam kaee sainya aadeshon kaa kendra thaa. sabse purana night hospitaller thaa, jise mool roop seey isai teerthyatriyon koo chikitsa sahaayata pradaan karane key liye sthaapit kiya gayaa thaa, jinhone jerusalam kii yatra kii thee. samay key saath, adesh ney musalmaanon key khilaf ladane key liye sainya kaary grahan curr liya. iska pahala sthaan ack aisee jagah parr thaa jise abb muristan key roop mein jaanaa jaataa haye, joe pavitra kabr key church key karib haye. adesh ney vahaan teerthyatriyon key liye aspatal aur ack aashray kaa nirmaan kiya. tudela key benjamin ney bataaya kii adesh mein 400 nivasi shurveeron key saath ack parisar thaa, aur jahan rogiyon kii dekhbhal kii jaati thee.
doosara crum night templer thaa, jisaki sthaapana 1118 mein hui thee. iska aadhikarik kaary, jaisa kii sansthapakon kii ghoshana mein kahaa gayaa haye, pavitra bhoomi mein dharm-samarthak raajya aur teerthyatriyon kii jerusalam key raajya mein pavitra sthaanon taka pahunch kii raksha karna thaa. teerthyatriyon kii suraksha key saath-saath, templers ney ack mahatvapurna sainya bull pradaan kiya jisamen hajaaron sanic shamil they, jisamen kaee sou shurveer they, joe jerusalam raajya kii raksha mein they. templers ney all-aksa masjid mein apana mukhyalaya sthaapit kiya aur samay key saath jatil sanrachanaon koo jodaa aur kilebandi koo majboot kiya. tudela key benjamin ney kahaa kii soloman key mandir seey "300 shurveer" isai dharm key dushmanon seey ladane key liye taiyar they.
ack anya adesh, sant laazar kaa adesh, kushth rogiyon kii dekhbhal key liye sthaapit kiya gayaa thaa. unake liye jerusalam kii divaaron key baahar ack vishesh sthaan nirdhaarit kiya gayaa thaa, jiska naam sant laazar key naam parr rakhaa gayaa thaa. iss kushth ghar ney poore europe mein sthaapit kushth kaloniyon koo apana naam diyaa. sant laazar key adesh mein kushth rogiyon aur swasth logon donon koo shamil kiya gayaa thaa joe dhaarmik aur sainya padon parr they. yeh ghatana, kushtharogi logon kaa ack sainya dhaarmik crum, jinhone ack swasth aabaadi key saath desh mein sakriya bhaag liya, usa samay europe mein koee samanantar naheen thaa.
ayubid niyantran (1187-1229).
saladin kii jerusalam parr vijay.
4 julaai, 1187 koo hattin kii ladaai mein musalmaanon kii jeet key baad, saladin key netritva mein muslim senaa ney yerushalam raajya key lagbhag sabhi shaharon aur gadhon parr vijay praapt kii. 17 sitambar koo, muslim sanic jerusalam kii divaaron key khilaf aae, aur 20 sitambar koo, saladin ney khud apani senaa key pramukh key roop mein jerusalam koo gher liya, jisamen lagbhag 30,000 nivasi aur isai pavitra bhoomi key aspas key 30,000 anya sharanarthi shamil they. gherabandi apekshaakrit chhoti lekin teevra aur hinsak thee, kyonki donon pakshon ney shahar koo apane dhaarmik aur saanskritik kendra key roop mein dekhaa. kadvi ladaai key baad, musalman damascus gett aur naayak key gett key beach key kshetra mein shahar key kille koo kamjor karane mein saksham they, jahaan 1099 mein dharmayoddha shahar mein ghus gaye they. rakshakon koo ehsas huaa kii way barbad hoe gaye they, aur yeh kii jerusalam kii isai vijay koo banaae rakhna sambhav naheen thaa. lattin kulpita hiracleos key anurodh parr, aur shayed nagrik aabaadi key dabaav mein, isaaiyon ney saladin key saath baatchit karane kaa faisala kiya, jisase ack sashart aatmasamarpan huaa. dharmayoddhaon ney mandir key parvat parr islami pavitra sthalon, chattan key gumbad aur all-aksa masjid koo nuksan pahunchaane kii dhamki dee yadi nakabandi jaari rahee. iss khatare key saath-saath ladaai koo samaapt karane key liye muslim batalian commanders key dabaav key kaaran ack anubandh parr hastakshar kiye gaye, jisane shahar koo saladin key havaale curr diyaa, jisase nivaasiyon koo yuddh key kaidi banaa diyaa gayaa joe ack shulk key liye khud koo chhudaa sakate they.
2 octuber koo jerusalam koo saladin koo diyaa gayaa thaa. deane aur lattin isaaiyon sahit shahar key ameer loga khud koo bachaane mein kamyab rahey, lekin garib aur sharanarthi joe shahar mein kuchh bhee naheen laker aae they, way firauti dene mein asamarth they. adhikansh church khajaane lattin kuladhipati dwara shahar seey liye gaye they, jinhone kuchh kaidiyon koo riha karane key liye unhein muslim ghudsavaar senaa key paas bhej diyaa thaa. saladin ney hajaaron anya logon koo binaa muaavaje key riha curr diyaa, jisamen raani sibil, jerusalam key raajaa, aadami dee lucignan kii patni, jise nublus mein jail mein apane pati seey milane kii anumati dee gaee thee. shahar mein lagbhag 15,000 isai niraashrit reh gaye they. 40 dinon key baad, unhein damishk aur carro jaise muslim shaharon mein kafile mein kaidiyon key roop mein leey jaaya gayaa, jahan unhone apana jeevan gulamon key roop mein bitaaya. isai joe philistine aur jerusalam seey bhaagne mein kamyab rahey, misra key logon dwara niyantrit bandargaahon seey gujare, jaise kii ashkelan, aur yahaan taka kii alekjendar, jahaan unhein europe key raaste mein italvi samudaay key jahaajon parr chadhaaya gayaa thaa. jerusalam aur pavitra sthaanon key patan ney europe koo chaunka diyaa. sadame key kaaran pope urban III kii achaanak mrityu hoe gaee aur teesara dharmayuddh chalaa gayaa. saladin key liye, jerusalam kii vijay ack mahatvapurna raajneetik upalabdhi thee, jisane unhein dharm key rakshak aur ack mahaan sainya commander key roop mein rakhaa, aur unhein muslim duniya mein vishesh darja diyaa.
musalmaanon key adheen jerusalam.
jerusalam kii vijay key baad, saladin ney shahar key isai charitra koo mitaane kaa kaam kiya. imaraton mein yoddhaon key parivardhan koo nasht curr diyaa gayaa. chattan key gumbad mein, moortiyon aur vediyon koo hataa diyaa gayaa aur imarat koo masjid mein badal diyaa gayaa. sant mairi bhawan kaa mahaan church ack aspatal bunn gayaa. sent kaa church. annie ack madarsa bunn gayaa, aur anya churchon koo nasht curr diyaa gayaa aur gherabandi seey hue nuksan kii marammat key liye unake pattharon kaa upayog kiya gayaa. isake alawa, isaaiyon dwara sambhaavit bhavishya key hamale kii taiyari key liye shahar key kilebandi kii bahaali aur vriddhi parr bahut dhyaan diyaa gayaa thaa.
dharmayoddhaon koo shahar seey bhagaa diyaa gayaa thaa, lekin purvi roodhivaadi church aur praachya roodhivaadi churchon seey sambandhit sthaaniya isai, ack matdan curr (arabeeh jizzia jajiah) kaa bhugtan karke shahar mein dhimmiyon key roop mein baney rahey, aur badale mein unhein shahar mein rahane kii anumati dee gaee.
pavitra kabr kaa church yunani roodhivaadi samudaay koo saunp diyaa gayaa thaa, aur church kii chaabiyan dou muslim parivaaron koo saunpi gaee theen. jerusalam key musalmaanon kii sthiti aur chhavi koo majboot karane key liye, saladin ney "wakf" kii ack pranali banaai, jisane rajaswa aur kiraaye koo sampatti seey jodkar, joe daan pradaan kartaa haye, jaise kii schools aur masjidon jaise dhaarmik sansthanon koo jerusalam mein banaae rakhaa, joe imaraton key chala rahey rakharkhaav key liye vitt poshit thaa aur vishvaasiyon kaa samarthan kartaa thaa.
isai duniya kii pratikriya jaldi seey aaee, aur teesara dharmayuddh 1190 mein europe seey aaya, jisamen hattin kii ladaai mein haar key prabhaavon koo ulatane aur jerusalam key raajya aur jerusalam shahar koo phir seey lene kii maang kii gaee. ladaai ekad kii gherabandi (1189-91) key saath shuru hui, aur vahaan seey dharmayoddha, shher key raajaa key netritva mein, jerusalam chaley gaye. arsoof kii ladaai mein sainya safalata key baad, dharmayoddha jerusalam pahunche, lekin vibhinn saamarik aur raajneetik karanon seey, peechhe hutt gaye aur ise jeetane kii koshish naheen karane kaa faisala kiya. isake bajaay, donon pakshon ney baatchit mein pravesh kiya, jisake dauran saladin ney ghoshana kii kii jihad key vichaar aur islam key liye jerusalam kii pavitrata koo ack nayaa aur kendriya arth praapt hotaa haye. ingland key raajaa koo likhe ack patra mein, unhone sweekaar kiya kii vaha jerusalam key bhavishya parr charcha naheen curr sakate theh
antatah, 1192 mein saladine key saath jaffa kii sandhi koo samaapt karane key baad, jisake tahat isaaiyon koo pavitra sthaanon parr tirthayatra karane kii swatantrata dee gaee thee, richard sherhart pavitra bhoomi seey chalaa gayaa aur europe laut aaya.
yerushalam key adhikansh bhaag kaa vinash.
1193 mein saladin kii mrityu key saath, ayyub samrajya vighatit hoe gayaa aur usake beton key beach vibhajit hoe gayaa. isake kaaran vibhinn riyasaton key beach sangharsh huaa kyonki gathbandhan baney aur bhang hoe gaye. jerusalam ney rajdhani aur dhaarmik kendra key roop mein apani sthiti khou dee, aur ack samrajya mein ack praantiya shahar bunn gayaa jiska kendra aksar damishk yaa carro thaa. haalaanki, dharmayoddhaon key liye yeh isai-muslim sangharsh key liye ack kendra banaa rhaa. cumm bhoo-raajneetik sthiti aur antar-dhaarmik sangharsh key iss sanyojan ney paanchven dharmayuddh key dauran shahar koo tabah curr diyaa.
seeriya key ayyub shaasak, all-muu 'ajjam ney yerushalam mein kilebandi koo vyavasthit roop seey nasht karane kaa faisala kiya, iss baat seey chintit they kii dharmayoddha bhaari kileband shahar koo phir seey leey lenge. shahar key adhikansh hisse koo jameen parr giraane kii sultan kii aagya itani avishvasaniya lugg rahee thee kii ise puuraa karane key liye usane jerusalam mein apani vyaktigat upasthiti darj karaai. shahar koo gambhir vinash kaa saamana karna padaa, david key meenar koo chhodkar sabhi kille nasht hoe gaye, aur kaee imaaraten bhee nasht hoe gaeen. aakraman seey kilebandi key binaa shahar mein rahane key darr seey adhikansh aabaadi shahar seey bhaag gaee. all-muu 'ajjam key bhaai, all-malik all-kamil ney baad mein vinash key baad jerusalam koo kewal "kuchh churchon aur kuchh barbad gharon" key roop mein sandarbhit kiya. bazar, sarkari imaaraten aur pavitra sthal butch gaye, lekin bahut cumm.
isai niyantran (1229-1244).
1190 seey 1210 key dashak key dauran jerusalam mein isai shakti koo bahaal karane key prayaas asafal rahey.
fredrick dwiteeya key netritva mein chhathe dharmayuddh mein, pavitra roman samrat ney 1228 mein itali chhod diyaa. 
all-muu 'ajjam kii mrityu ney all-kamil key saath prastaavit gathbandhan koo nakaar diyaa, jisane apane bhaai all-ashraf key saath apane bhatije, all-muu' ajjam key bete aine-nasir davud seey damascus (saath hii saath jerusalam) kaa kabja leey liya thaa. haalaanki, all-kamil koo sambhavatah fredrick kii senaa key chhote aakar key baare mein pataa naheen thaa, naa hii usake bahishkaar key kaaran isake bheetar vibhajan key baare mein, aur vaha ack aur dharmayuddh key khilaf apane kshetron kii raksha karane seey bachana chaahata thaa. akele fredrick kii upasthiti binaa kissy ladaai key jerusalam, bethelham, nazreth aur aspas key kaee mahalon koo phir seey hassil karane key liye paryaapt theeh yeye farwari 1229 mein vaapas leey liye gaye they, isake badale mein ayubiyon key saath duss saal kaa yuddhaviram aur jerusalam key musalman nivaasiyon key liye pooja kii swatantrata. sandhi kii shartein lausen key jerusalam gerald key kulpita key liye asweekarya theen, jinhone shahar koo adesh key tahat rakhaa. march mein, fredrick ney pavitra kabr key church mein khud koo taaj pahanaaya, lekin unake bahishkaar aur adesh key kaaran jerusalam koo vaastav mein kabhi bhee raajya mein phir seey shamil naheen kiya gayaa, joe ekad seey shasson kartaa rhaa.
ayubidon key saath sandhi 1239 mein samaapt honey vaali thee. fredrick key netritva mein ack nae dharmayuddh kii yojanaaen kuchh bhee naheen huin, aur fredrick koo 1239 mein phir seey gregory aiks dwara bahishkrit curr diyaa gayaa thaa. haalaanki, anya europeeya raeeson ney iss kaaran koo uthaaya, jisamen theobald IV, shampen kii ginati aur navre key raajaa, drakes key peater aur montfort key amori vee shamil they, joe sitambar 1239 mein ekad mein pahunche they. theobald koo ekad mein ack parishad mein dharmayuddh kaa netaa chunaa gayaa thaa, jisamen raajya key sabse mahatvapurna raeeson ney bhaag liya thaa, jisamen bryan key walter, arsuf key johnn aur sidon key ballion shamil they.
crusaders koo ayubid key beach nae vibhajanon key baare mein pataa hoe sakata haye; all-kamil ney 1238 mein damascus parr kabja curr liya thaa, lekin isake turant baad unaki mrityu hoe gaee thee, aur unakaa kshetra unake parivaar koo viraasat mein milaa thaa. unake putra all-aadil aboo bucker aur ass-salih ayyub koo misra aur damishk viraasat mein milaa.
ayubid abhee bhee misra mein ayyub, damishk mein ismail aur kerak mein davud key beach vibhajit they. ismail, davood aur homes key all-mansur ibrahim ayyub key saath yuddh karane gaye, jinhone unake liye ladane key liye khwarazmianon koo kaam parr rakhaa. ayyub key samarthan seey khwarazmiyon ney 1244 kii garmiyon mein jerusalam koo loot liya, jisase yeh khandahar hoe gayaa aur isai aur musalman donon key liye bekaar hoe gayaa. octuber mein, khwarazmian, baibaron kii kamaan key tahat misra kii senaa key saath, montfort key phillip, bryan key walter aur templers key maalikon, hospellers aur teatonic shurveeron key saath-saath all-mansur aur davud key netritva mein spasht senaa seey mille. 17 octuber koo misra-khwarazmian senaa ney frank-siriyai gathbandhan koo nasht curr diyaa, aur bryan key walter koo bandee banaa liya gayaa aur baad mein usey maar diyaa gayaa. 1247 taka, ayyub ney 1239 mein sweekaar kiye gaye adhikansh kshetra parr phir seey kabja curr liya thaa, aur damishk parr bhee niyantran hassil curr liya thaa.
1260 key baad mamluk niyantran.
mangolon key chhaapon ney 1260 yaa 1300 mein yerushalam mein pravesh kiya yaa naheen, iss baat kaa sanket dene key liye bahut cumm saboot hain. usa samay kii aitihaasik report sangharsh kii or jaati haye, joe iss baat parr nirbhar karati haye kii itihaaskaar kiss rashtriyata mein report likh rhaa thaa. europe mein badee sankhya mein afavaahen aur shahari kinvadantiyaan bhee theen, jisamen daavaa kiya gayaa thaa kii mangolon ney jerusalam parr kabja curr liya thaa aur way ise dharmayoddhaon koo vaapas karane jaa rahey they. halanki, yeye afavaahen jhoothi saabit huin. aadhunik itihaskaron kii aam sahamati yeh haye kii halanki jerusalam parr chhaape maare jaa sakate hain yaa naheen, lekin mangolon dwara kabhi bhee jerusalam koo apani prashaasnik pranali mein shamil karane kaa koee prayaas naheen kiya gayaa thaa, joe kii "chhaape" key vipareet ack kshetra koo "jeetaa" maanane key liye aavashyak hoga.
sanghrshon key dauran bhee teerthayaatri cumm sankhya mein aatey rahey. pope nicolaus chaturth ney lattin paadari varg koo pavitra kabr key church mein seva karane kii anumati dene key liye mamluk sultan key saath ack samjhaute parr baatchit kii. sultan key samjhaute key saath, pope nicolaus, joe swayam ack franciscan they, ney lattin dhaarmik pratha koo jerusalam mein jaari rakhane key liye bhikshuon key ack samooh koo bheja. shahar mein ack apravaahi jall seey thodaa adhik honey key kaaran, unake paas koee aupchaarik awas naheen thaa, aur way buss ack teerthayaatri chhatrawas mein rahate they, jaba taka kii 1300 mein sisili key raajaa robbert ney sultan koo paise kaa ack badaa upahaar naheen diyaa. robbert ney kahaa kii franciscan koo pavitra kabr mein saayan church, mairi chappel aur janm gufa rakhane kii anumati dee jaae, aur sultan ney apani anumati dee. lekin isai pavitra sthaanon key shesh koo kshay mein rakhaa gayaa thaa.
mamluk sultaanon ney shahar kaa daura karane, naee imaraton koo sampann karane, muslim basti koo protsaahit karane aur masjidon kaa vistaar karane kaa ack bindu banaaya. sultan baibaron key shasankal key dauran, mamlukon ney yahoodiyon key saath muslim gathbandhan koo navinikrit kiya aur unhone dou nae abhayaranyon kii sthaapana kii, ack moosa key liye aur ack salih key liye, taaki kaee muslim aur yahudi teerthyatriyon koo usee samay kshetra mein rahane key liye protsaahit kiya jaa sakey, jaba isai, jinhone easter key dauran shahar koo bhar diyaa thaa. 1267 mein nahmanides (jise ramban key roop mein bhee jaanaa jaataa haye) ney aliya banaaya. puraane shahar mein unhone ramban aradhanalaya kii sthaapana kii, joe kii jerusalam mein sabse purana sakriya aradhanalaya thaa. haalaanki, shahar mein koee badee raajneetik shakti naheen thee, aur vaastav mein mamlukon dwara ise pasandida adhikaariyon key liye nirvaasan kaa sthaan maanaa jaataa thaa. shahar parr khud ack nimn shreni key ameer kaa shasson thaa.

