pakhand

pakhand vaha honey kaa naatak karane kaa abhyaas haye joe koee naheen haye yaa joe koee naheen haye usa parr vishvaas karane kaa abhyaas haye. pakhand" shabd angreji bhasha mein pravesh kiya "see."1200 kaa arth haye" "sadgun yaa achchaae kaa naatak karane kaa paap. aaj, "pakhand" aksar una vyavhaaron kii vakaalat karane koo sandarbhit kartaa haye jinka koee abhyaas naheen kartaa haye. haalaanki, yeh shabd dikhaava key anya roopon koo bhee sandarbhit curr sakata haye, jaise kii vaastav mein pavitra yaa naitik preranaon key bajaay prashansa kii ichcha seey pavitra yaa naitik vyavhaar mein sanlagn honah. 
pakhand kii paribhaashaaen bhinn hoti hain. naitik manovigyaan mein, yeh apane swayam key vyakt naitik niyamon aur siddhanton kaa paalan karane mein viphalata haye. british raajneetik daarshanik david ransiman key anusaar, "anya prakaar key pakhandi dhokhe mein gyaan kaa daavaa shamil haye jisamen kissy kii kamee haye, ack nirantarta kaa daavaa kartaa haye jise koee banaae naheen rakh sakata haye, ack wafadari kaa daavaa kartaa haye joe kissy key paas naheen haye, ack aisee pehchaan kaa daavaa kartaa haye joe kissy key paas naheen haye. americi raajneetik patrakaar michael gerson kaa kahana haye kii raajneetik pakhand "janata koo moorkh banaane aur raajneetik laabh praapt karane key liye ack mukhauta kaa sachet upayog haye.
maanav itihas kii shuruat seey hii pakhand lock gyaan aur gyaan saahitya kaa vishay rhaa haye. 1980 key dashak seey, yeh vyavhaar arthshastra, sangyanatmak vigyaan, saanskritik manovigyaan, nirnay lene, naitikta, vikaasvaadi manovigyaan, naitik manovigyaan, raajneetik samajshastra, sakaratmak manovigyaan, samajik manovigyaan aur samajshastriya samajik manovigyaan mein adhyayan key liye bhee kendriya bunn gayaa haye.
vyutpatti.
pakhand" shabd yunani shabd "hypocrisis" ("hypocrisis") seey aaya haye, jiska arth haye "irshya", "naatak-abhinay", "abhinay", "kaayar" yaa "vighatan". pakhandi" shabd yunani shabd "hypocritis" ("hypocritis") seey aaya haye, joe kii "hypochrinomy κρίση" ("hypochrinomy κρίση", "judgment" "κριτικε (critic)," aalochak ") seey judee abhikartaatmak sangya haye, sambhavatah isaliye kii ack abhineta dwara ack naatakiya paath key pradarshan mein kuchh hudd taka vyakhya yaa mulyankan shamil thaa.
vaikalpik roop seey, yeh shabd yunani upsarg "hypo-" kaa ack mishran haye, jiska arth haye "neeche", aur kriya "crynin", jiska arth haye "chhaanana yaa nirnay lena". iss prakaar mool arth mein chhantaai yaa nirnay lene kii kshamata mein kamee nihit thee. yeh kamee, kyonki yeh kissy key apane vishvaason aur bhaavanaon seey sambandhit haye, shabd key samkaaleen arth koo soochit karati haye.
jabaki "hypocrisis" kissy bhee prakaar key saarvajanik pradarshan (bayanbaji kii kalaa sahit) parr lagu hotaa haye, "hypocrites" ack munch abhineta key liye ack takniki shabd thaa aur ise ack saarvajanik vyakti key liye upayukt bhoomika naheen maanaa jaataa thaa. udaaharan key liye, eesaa poorv chauthi shatabdi key dauran athens mein, mahaan vaktaa demosthens ney apane pratidvandi ashins kaa upahaas kiya, joe rajneeti karane seey pahale ack safal abhineta they, ack "pakhandi" key roop mein, jinake munch parr paatron kaa pratiroopan karane key kaushal ney unhein ack avishvasaniya rajneta banaa diyaa. hypocrite" kaa yeh nakaratmak drishtikon, shayed abhinetaon key liye roman tiraskar key saath sanyukt, baad mein mool roop seey tatasth "hypocrisis" mein badal gayaa."yeh baad mein" "khel-abhinay" "key roop mein" "hypocrisis" "kaa arth haye.ee., ack nakali vyaktitva kii dhaarana, joe aadhunik shabd "pakhand" koo iska nakaratmak arth detee haye.
itihas.
18veen shatabdi kii shuruat mein angreji raajneetik itihas mein pakhand ack pramukh vishay bunn gayaa. 1689 key sahishnuta adhiniyam ney kuchh adhikaaron kii anumati dee, lekin isane protestant gair-anurupatavadiyon (jaise kii mandaliwadi aur baptist) koo mahatvapurna adhikaaron seey vanchit curr diyaa, jisamen karyalaya-dhaaran bhee shamil thaa. gair-anuroopavaadi joe karyalaya chaahte they, unhone pratibandhon seey bachane key liye varsh mein ack baar anglican sanskar liya. uchch church key anglican krodhit they aur 1711 mein saamyik anuroopata adhiniyam 1711 key saath "saamyik anuroopata" koo gairkaanooni ghoshit curr diyaa thaa. dharmopadesh, bhashanon aur parche yuddhon kaa upayog karke raajneetik vivaadon mein, uchch church key logon aur gair-anurupatavadiyon donon ney apane virodhiyon parr apane swayam key sanyam key vipareet, nishthaaheen aur pakhandi key roop mein hamla kiya, saath hii saath khatarnak roop seey utsaahi bhee.
apani prasiddh pustak "fable off dha beez" (1714) mein angreji lekhak bernard mandeville (1670-1733) ney samkaaleen europeeya samaaj mein pakhand kii prakriti kaa pataa lagaaya. ack or mandeville pichhali shatabdi key francisi augustinianism key 'naitiktawadi' uttaradhikari they, joe samajseva koo kewal ahankar aur garv key liye ack mukhauta key roop mein dekhate they. doosari or way ack 'bhautikvaadi' they jinhone aadhunik arthshastra kii khoj mein madad kii. unhone shaaririk sukhon key liye maanav bhookh kii saarvbhaumiktaa koo pradarshit karane kii koshish kii. unhone tark diyaa kii swa-ichchuk udyamiyon key prayaas ubharate vaanijyik aur audyogik samaaj kaa aadhar hain, ack aisee vichardhara jisane addam smith (1723-1790) aur 19veen shatabdi key upyogitaavaad koo prabhaavit kiya. inn dou drishtikonon key beach tanaav dwidha-bhaav aur virodhabhas-maandandon aur hiton kii saapeksh shakti, uddeshyon aur vyavhaaron key beach sambandh, aur maanav sanskritiyon kii aitihaasik parivartansheelta seey sambandhit haye. 18veen shatabdi key gyaan mein, pakhand kii charchaaen waltair, russo aur montagon key karyon mein aam theen.
1750 seey 1850 key yug mein, ingland mein kuleen varg key logon ney aam logon key liye apani vishesh paropkar kii badhaai lagaai. unhone poore europe mein asthirta aur kranti kaa kaaran baney lokpriya asantosh key prakop koo rokane key liye sudhaar pahalon kaa margadarshan aur paramarsh karane kaa daavaa kiya. haalaanki, kattarpanthi aur kattarpanthi alochakon ney pakhand key jhande lagaae-aarop lagaaya kii way jaanboojhkar sudhaar aur loktantra key naaron kaa upayog curr rahey they taaki way apani bahumulya kuleenata koo sanrakshit karate hue satta mein khud koo badhaava dey sakein.
iss beach, mahadweep key paryavekshakon kii ack sthir dhaara ney angreji raajneetik sanskriti parr tippani kii. udaar aur kattarpanthi paryavekshakon ney angreji nichale vargon kii daasata, pada aur upaadhi key prati harr kissy kaa junoon, abhijaat varg kaa asadharan kharch, ack kathit bauddhik-virodhi aur ack vyaapak pakhand kaa ullekh kiya joe samajik sudhaar jaise kshetron mein faila huaa thaa.
sanyukt raajya america.
dwiteeya vishva yuddh key prachaar yuddhon mein, japan ney sanyukt raajya america mein japaniyon key liye karawas shiviron key anyaay parr jore dekar americi pakhand parr hamla kiya. radio tokyo ney iss baat parr jore diyaa kii shiviron ney loktaantrik aadarshon aur nishpaksh khel key liye pakhandi americi daave koo prakat kiya. prachaar ney americi sansthaapak pitaa, tatasth sroton aur pramukh americi samachar patron seey asahamati kii raay kaa hawala diyaa. radio tokyo ney kaalpanik sroton kaa bhee upayog kiya. isane pratishodh mein americi dhanush key saath durvyavahar karane kii dhamki dete hue japan kii naitik shreshthata kii ghoshana kii.
americi itihaaskaar martin jey ney "jhooth bolane key gunah rajneeti mein jhooth bolane parr" (2012) mein pataa lagaaya haye kii sadiyon seey lekhakon ney pakhand, dhokhebaji, chaplusi, jhooth aur dhokhadhadi, apshabd, jhoothe naatak, udhaar lii hui mahima parr jeene, veshbhusha, chhipaane key sammelanon, dusaron key saamane khelane aur apabhransh kii kalaa key saath kaise vyavhaar kiya haye. vaha maanate hain kii rajneeti saarthak haye, lekin choonki yeh apariharya roop seey jhooth aur pakhand seey judee hui haye, isaliye jaya ney nishkarsh nikala kii jhooth bolna itna buraa naheen honah chaahiye.
naitik aur dhaarmik sanhitaaen.
kaee vishvaas pranaaliyan pakhand kii ninda karati hain.
islam mein, kurran key adhyaay 63 koo aksar "pakhand" kaa sheershak diyaa jaataa haye, jise ack gambhir bimari key roop mein dekhaa jaataa haye. kurran una logon key khilaf haye joe vishvaas karane vaale aur shantidut honey kaa daavaa karate hain, yeh sochkar kii way bhagwan aur dusaron koo moorkh banaa rahey hain, lekin kewal khud koo moorkh banaate hain.
naukari kii pustak key kuchh anuvaadon mein, hibru shabd "channef" koo "pakhandi" key roop mein prastut kiya gayaa haye, halanki iska arth aamtaur parr "ishwarheen" yaa "apavitra" hotaa haye. isai bible mein, yeeshu ney shastriyon aur farisiyon koo pakhandi key roop mein ninda kii haye, jise farisiyon key duhkh key roop mein jaanaa jaataa haye. vaha adhik samanya shabdon mein pakhandiyon kii ninda bhee kartaa haye.
16veen shatabdi mein, johnn calvin nicodemite key aalochak they.
bauddh granth dhammapad mein, gautam buddh ack aise vyakti kii ninda karate hain joe tapasvi kii tarah dikhta haye lekin bheetar kii bhaavanaon seey bharaa hotaa haye.
manovigyaan.
manochikitsakon key liye pakhand lambe samay seey ruchi kaa vishay rhaa haye.
carle jung.
switzerland mein carle jung (1875-1961) ney pakhand kaa shreya una logon koo diyaa joe apani prakriti key andhere yaa chhaaya-paksh seey avagat naheen hain. jung ney likhaah 
jung aage badh gayaah
sabhi paristhitiyon mein apane vyaktitva key poorna adhikaar mein honah ack laabh haye, anyatha damit tatva kewal kaheen aur ack baadha key roop mein saamane aaenge, naa kewal kissy mahatvaheen bindu parr, balki usee sthaan parr jahaan humm sabse adhik samvedansheel hain. yadi loga apani prakriti key chhaaya-paksh koo spasht roop seey dekhane key liye shikshit hoe sakate hain, tou yeh ummeed kii jaa sakati haye kii way apane saathi purushon koo behtar dhang seey samajhana aur pyaar karna bhee seekhenge. thodaa cumm pakhand aur thodaa adhik aatm-gyaan kewal hamaare padosi key sambandh mein achche parinam dey sakata haye; kyonki humm sabhi apane sathiyon koo anyaay aur hinsa key liye sthanantarit karane key liye bahut adhik pravan hain joe humm apane swabhaav parr karate hain.
manovigyaan mein nae maargon" mein jung ney spasht roop seey "manushya key pakhandi natakon" kaa ullekh kiya. "sabse badhkar, swapn-vishleshan nirdayata seey manushya kii jhoothi naitikta aur pakhandi dhong koo ujagar kartaa haye, joe usey ack baar key liye, apane charitra key dusare paksh koo sabse jeevant prakaash mein dikhaata haye. jung ney iss charitra chitran koo apane baad key nibandh "onn dha psychology off dha achetan" seey hataa diyaa, joe pahale vaale seey vikasit huaa.
prayaasaheen key liye vareeyata.
nicolo maciavelli ney nott kiya kii "maanav jaati kaa dravyamaan joe" lagata haye "usey sweekaar kartaa haye" joe "haye"; naheen, aksar vaastaviktaon kii tulanaa mein lagbhag roop seey chhuaa jaataa haye.  praakritik chayan sabse yogya key astitva key siddhant dwara kaam kartaa haye, aur kaee shodhkartaon ney dikhaaya haye kii manushya jeevan key khel koo ack machievalian tareeke seey khelane key liye vikasit hue hain. nishpakshata key liye pratishtha vikasit karane kaa sabse achchha tarika vaastav mein nishpaksh honah haye. lekin choonki nishpaksh honey kii tulanaa mein nishpaksh honah bahut kathin haye, aur choonki aalas maanav swabhaav mein gaharaai seey nirmit haye, isaliye manushya aksar vaastaviktaa parr roop chunate hain.
aatm-dhokha.
"ack uchit prani honah bahut suvidhajanak haye, kyonki yeh kissy koo harr usa cheej key liye kaaran khojane yaa banaane mein saksham banaata haye joe karane kaa munn haye."benjamin franklin key avalokan kii pushti aatm-dhokhe mein haal key adhyayanon seey hui haye. rosemarra key tark mein, manushya sthiti lete samay yaa nirnay lete samay vaastavik sakshya praapt karane key liye bahut cumm karate hain, aur virodhi sthiti key liye sakshya praapt karane key liye aur bhee cumm karate hain. isake bajaay, way "chhadm-pramaan" gadhane kii pravritti rakhate hain-aksar nirnay pahale hii liye jaane key baad ("post hock fabrication").
manushya ack sthiti lete hain, saboot kii talash karate hain joe iska samarthan karate hain, phir, yadi unhein "kuchh" saboot milate hain-itna paryaapt haye kii sthiti "samajh mein aatee haye"-tou way poori tarah seey sochana bund curr dete hain ("vivek-rokane kaa niyam"). aur, jaba vaastavik sakshya prastut karane key liye dabaav daala jaataa haye, tou way "sakshya" kii talash aur vyakhya karate hain joe pahale seey hii vishvaas ("pushti purvagrah") kii pushti kartaa haye.
isake alawa, manushya apane baare mein atyadhik sochate hain, taakat aur uplabdhiyon koo ujagar karate hain, aur kamjori aur viphaltaon ("aatm-seva purvagrah") koo nazarandaj karate hain. jaba unase gunon, kaushal yaa anya vaanchhaniya lakshnon (naitikta, buddhimatta, driving kshamata aur yaun kaushal sahit) parr khud koo mulyankan karane key liye kahaa jaataa haye, tou ack badey bahumat kaa kahana haye kii way ausat seey oopar hain. shakti aur visheshaadhikaar vikriti koo badhaate hainh 94 pratishat college professors koo lagata haye kii way ausat seey adhik kaam karate hain. yeh prabhaav asiai deshon aur anya sanskritiyon mein kamjor haye joe swayam kii tulanaa mein samooh koo adhik mahatva dete hain.
vikaasvaadi manovigyaan.
vikaasvaadi manovaigyaanik robert kurjaban kaa tark haye kii kissy key naitik module kissy koo bevafai kii ninda karane key liye prerit karate hain jabaki sambhog module kissy koo aisaa karane key liye prerit karate hain.
aatm-upeksha.
robert raait ney likhaa kii "manushya apane naitik upkaranon kii shrinkhala mein ack prajaati hain joe iska durupyog karane kii pravritti mein dukhad hain, aur durupyog key baare mein unaki samvaidhaanik agyaantaa mein dayaniya hain."manushya anya logon kii maanyataon koo chunauti dene mein bahut achche hotey hain, lekin jaba unaki apani maanyataon kii baat aatee haye, tou way unaki raksha karate hain, unhein chunauti naheen dete hain. manovaigyaanik shodh kaa ack susangat nishkarsh yeh haye kii manushya dusaron key baare mein apani dhaaranaon mein kaafee sateek hain, lekin aam taur parr apane baare mein apani dhaaranaon mein galat hain. manushya dusaron koo unake vyavhaar seey nyaay karate hain, lekin sochate hain kii unake paas apane baare mein vishesh jaankaari haye-kii way jaanate hain kii way ander "vaastav mein kyaa pasand karate hain"-aur iss prakaar sahajata seey swarthi krityon koo door karane key tareeke dhoondhate hain, aur iss bhram koo banaae rakhate hain kii way dusaron kii tulanaa mein behtar hain.
samajik manovigyaan.
samajik manovaigyanikon ney aam taur parr pakhand koo manovritti aur/yaa vyavhaar sambandhi asangati key tatkaal roop mein dekhaa haye. tadnusar, kaee samajik manovaigyanikon ney vyaktiyon kii pakhandi soch aur vyavhaar key prati ghrina koo samajhaane mein visangati kii bhoomika parr dhyaan kendrit kiya haye. vyakti pakhand kii nakaratmak sthiti koo rokane key liye pakhandi rukh seey bachane key liye prerit hotey hain. udaaharan key liye, yuva vayaskon key beach kandom key upayog parr ack visangati-adharit adhyayan seey pataa chalaa haye kii prerit pakhand kandom kii khareed aur upayog mein vriddhi curr sakata haye.
vaikalpik roop seey, kuchh samajik manovaigyanikon ney sujhaav diyaa haye kii vyakti pakhand koo nakaratmak roop seey dekhate hain kyonki yeh bataata haye kii pakhandi apani naitik bhalai key baare mein galat sanket dey rahey hain.
darshan.
pakhand cumm seey cumm maciavelli key baad seey daarshnikon key liye ruchi kaa ack rook-rook curr vishay rhaa haye. pakhand dwara uthaaye gaye daarshanik muddon koo motey taur parr dou prakaron mein vibhajit kiya jaa sakata haih aadhyatmik/vaichaarik aur naitik. pakhand parr adhikansh daarshanik tippani una naitik prashnon seey sambandhit haye joe yeh uthaate hainh pakhand naitik roop seey galat haye yaa buraa? yadi aisaa haye, tou kyaa isake baare mein kuchh spasht roop seey aapattijanak haye, yaa ise aasaani seey naitik roop seey aapattijanak aacharan kii ack vyaapak shreni key tahat shamil kiya jaa sakata haye-udaaharan key liye, chhal? kyaa kuchh moolyavaan gatividhiyon-vishesh roop seey rajneeti key liye pakhand aavashyak yaa vaanchhaniya haye? 
haal hii mein, pakhand dosh kii naitikta kii daarshanik charchaon mein ack pramukh kendra key roop mein ubhara haye. aisaa lagata haye kii bhale hii kissy vyakti ney kuchh naitik maandandon kaa ullanghan kiya hoe aur aisaa karane key liye vaastav mein doshi haye, yeh unake liye iss aadhar parr chunauti dene key liye khula haye kii yeh pakhandi haye; iss vichaar kii ack vishisht abhivyakti vakyansh haye, "aapako mujhe dosh dene kaa koee adhikaar naheen haye!"tadnusar, kuchh daarshnikon kaa tark haye kii dusaron koo dosh dene key liye sthiti yaa adhikaar rakhane key liye, kissy kaa dosh pakhandi naheen honah chaahiye. iss sthiti key bachaav ney aamtaur parr pakhand aur nishpakshata key beach key sambandh parr dhyaan kendrit kiya haih mool vichaar yeh haye kii pakhandi blemer kissy tarah seey apane dosh key lakshya koo naitik roop seey samaan maanane mein whiffle rahata haye. anya prastaavit vyakhyaon mein yeh vichaar shamil haye kii ack naitik samudaay mein khade honey key liye dosh sweekaar karane key liye parasparik ichcha kii aavashyakta hoti haye, ack aisee ichcha jisaki kapati logon mein kamee hoti haye. patrick kaa tark haye kii sabhi aur kewal way joe praasangik maandandon key liye pratibaddh hain, unake paas dosh dene kii sthiti haye, aur pakhandiyon mein praasangik arthon mein pratibaddhata kii kamee haye. anya daarshanik poori tarah seey khade honey parr "gair-pakhand" kii shart koo aswikar karate hain. aam taur parr, yeye daarshanik iss baat seey incar naheen karate hain kii kabhi-kabhi pakhand kii galatiyan dusaron koo dosh dene key liye ack dosh dene vaale key adhikaar seey adhik hoe sakati hain; lekin way iss baat parr jore denge kii yeh hamesha mamla naheen haye, aur kuchh pakhandiyon koo dosh denaa padata haye. aar.aeye. duff kaa sujhaav haye kii inn donon vichaaron key beach antarnihit asahamati naitik samudaay key aakar aur dayare key baare mein asahamati haye, jabaki kyle fritz aur daniel miller kaa sujhaav haye kii "gair-pakhand" sthiti kii asweekriti dosh key adhikaar aur dosh key moolya key beach antar karane mein viphalata koo darshaati haye.
pakhand kii paribhasha hii pakhand parr apekshaakrit naee daarshanik charchaon kaa maulik prashn haye. praarambhik uttaron mein pakhand key bhraamak yaa asangat gunon parr dhyaan kendrit kiya gayaa. udaaharan key liye, eeva kitte key liye, pakhandiyon kii maulik visheshta "aatm-sandarbhit dhokhebaji" haye, aur gilbert ryle key liye, pakhandpurna honah "kissy key vaastavik uddeshya key alawa kissy anya uddeshya seey sakriya honey kii koshish karna haye."danne turner key drishtikon parr, isake vipareet, maulik visheshta kissy vyakti key drishtikon key beach" sangharsh yaa asamaanta "haye, jahaan isamen dhokha shamil hoe sakata haye yaa naheen bhee hoe sakata haye. bella sazabados aur daniel stateman kaa tark haye kii aatm-dhokhebaji "udyaan kii vividhata key pakhandon kii visheshta haye."roser chrisp aur christopher couton chaar prakaar key pakhand kii pehchaan karate hainh naitik achchaae kaa naatak karna, dusaron kii naitik aalochana karna joe apane swayam key dosh rakhate hain, aatm-sweekrit naitik aavashyaktaon koo puuraa karane mein viphalata, aur gunon key liye ack aatmasantusht, gair-pratibimbeet pratibaddhata. inn prakaron koo joe ekikrit kartaa haye vaha haye "metavis", "naitik gambhirta kii kamee."haal hii mein, kuchh daarshnikon-ullekhaniya roop seey, benjamin rossie aur fritz aur miller-ney dusaron koo dosh dene yaa kuchh maandandon key prati pratibaddhata vyakt karane key liye dusaron seey dosh sweekaar karane yaa khud koo dosh dene key liye anichha key saath pakhand koo paribhaashit kiya haye. rossie kaa "pakhand kaa pratibaddhata vivaran" pakhand key pratimanatmak mamalon koo sambodhit kartaa haye joe fritz aur miller key "antar doshaaropan swabhaav khaate" mein shamil naheen haye.
laabh.
haalaanki pakhand key kaee nakaratmak pahalu hain, lekin isase laabh bhee hoe sakate hain. isaki upeksha karane seey bhee laabh hotey hain. raajneetik siddhantkar judith aine. shuckler kaa tark haye, "aaie humm pakhandi naa banein", humm sabhi apane virodhiyon key kathit vishvaason seey mamuli vichalan koo bhee pakhand key roop mein samajhane key liye bahut utsuk hain, naa kii samajhane yogya khamiyon aur kamjoriyon key liye jinake liye harr koee pravan haye.
raajneetik patrakaar michael gerson ney nott kiya kii, "raajneetik aur rajanyik vaartaon mein aksar pakhandi dhokhe shamil hotey hain, joe aam taur parr saiddhaantik, gair-parkramya maangon key saath shuru hotey hain, jinn parr samjhauta karane kii prakriya mein baatchit kii jaati haye."gerson ney nishkarsh nikaalah
pakhand apariharya aur aavashyak haye. aggar logon koo harr samay, imandari, nishtha aur karuna key aadarshon parr kharaa utarane kii aavashyakta hoti, taaki una aadarshon kaa astitva banaa rahey, tou koee aadarsh naheen hotaa. ack naitik vyakti honah ack aisaa sangharsh haye jisamen harr koee baar-baar whiffle hoe jaataa haye, una kshanon mein seey pratyek mein ack pakhandi bunn jaataa haye. ack nyaaypurna aur shantipurna samaaj kapatachari logon parr nirbhar kartaa haye jinhone antatah una aadarshon koo chhodane seey incar curr diyaa jinhen way dhokha dete hain.

