
johnn charlton (kalakar)

johnn charlton (1849-1917) ack angreji chitrakaar aur aitihaasik aur vishesh roop seey yuddh key drishyon key chitrakaar they, mukhya roop seey samkaaleen itihas seey.
praarambhik jeevan.
saimuel charlton aur unaki patni mairi aine (nee pickering) charlton key ghar 28 juuna 1849 koo bamberg, northumberland mein janme, unhone apane pitaa seey chitrakaari kaa pahala paath taba seekha jaba way kewal teen yaa chaar saal key they, aur kuchh hii varshon mein kuchh kaushal key saath ghode kheenchana shuru curr diyaa. apane parivaar key aarthik durbhagya key kaaran, unhein dow. bamburg key mahaan mahal mein aayojit sharp kaa charity school, aur kuchh saal baad, naukari chhodane aur naukari khojane key liye majboor hoe gayaa. shree kii nucasal bookshop mein naukari. thomas bevik key kaam key ack utsuk sangrahakarta, robbinson, "lakadi kii utkirnan key pitaa", ney unhein graphic kalaa kii sarahana dee. yaheen parr navodit kalakar ney master key kaam kii nakal karna shuru kiya, jisase bevik kii dou boodhi bahanon koo khushi hui. baad mein unhone surr isaq bell key lohe key kaam key karyalaya mein saat neeras varsh bitaaye, lekin usa yuvak key masauda taiyar karane key kaushal koo dekhate hue, unake niyokta niyamit roop seey unhein saptah mein ack dinn apani kalaa kaa abhyaas karane kaa avsar dete they. shree. joseph krahil ney sujhaav diyaa kii vaha villium bell scott key tahat nucasal school off arts mein shaam kii kakshaon mein bhaag lein. iss dauran unhone ghodon aur kutton key chitrakaar key roop mein tyneside parr kaafee pratishtha vikasit karna shuru curr diyaa, aur unhein parivarik paltu jaanvaron koo chitrit karane key liye kuchh commission mille.
unhone 1870 mein shaahi akadami mein shuruat kii, aur ack sainya vishay key saath unaki pahali painting, "ack thhandi subah parr topkhaane key ghodon kaa abhyaas", teen saal baad dikhaai dee. yeh mahsoos karate hue kii unaki unnati kii sabse achchi sambhavanaen landan kii kalaa jagat mein nihit hain, unhone 1874 mein dakshin mein kadam rakhaa aur dakshin kensington sangrahalaya, abb victoria aur albert sangrahalaya, jey. dee. watson. jaba way rajdhani mein buss gaye, tou way apani uttari jadon koo kabhi naheen bhoole, 24 windser chhat, nucasal parr ack ghar banaae rakhate they, aur ack samay mein kalarkote mein rahate they, jabaki unake antim varsh kambriya mein lannercoast mein bitaaye gaye they.
1870 aur 1880 key dashak key anta mein british aur aupaniveshik balon key liye ack bahut hii vyast samay thaa kyonki unhone uttari aur dakshini africa mein sampatti parr aupaniveshik pakad koo majboot karane kii koshish kii thee. inn ghatnaaon koo darshaane vaale "graphic" mein dikhaai dene vaale kaee chitra charlton key haath seey aae they, vishesh roop seey 1882 key misra key abhiyaan key dauran, jaba unhein isake 'vishesh kalakaron' dwara kagaj parr post kiye gaye kaee chashmadid rekhaachitron koo taiyar karna padaa thaa. 1882 mein unhone thomas waghan, jey. kii betty kett seey shaadi kii.pee. ugthorp lodge, cleveland.
sainya chitra.
sainya chitran key dhana key sampark mein aaney parr unhone ack yuddh vishay kaa upayog karke canvas parr ack badee painting banaane kaa prayaas karane kaa faisala kiya, aur 1883 mein "13 sitambar 1882 koo tail-ell-kabir mein dushman kii rekhaaon mein pravesh karane vaale british topkhaane" kaa pradarshan kiya. ise achchi tarah seey sweekaar kiya gayaa, ack lekhak ney poochha, "kaun unake jordar aur spasht roop seey yathaarthvaadi pratipaadan parr adig dikh sakata haye."iss kaam kii safalata seey prerit hocker, jisane unake liye ack aisaa kshetra khol diyaa, jisamen way ghode aur aakriti-chitrakaari donon mein jeevant andolan aur shaktishali kaarravaai kii apani kalaatmak bhavna key liye swatantra gunjaish paa sakate they, aur apani gahari kalpana key liye abhyaas curr sakate they", unhone apani 1887 kii akadami kriti key liye ack aur sainya drishya chunaa. sarjan aine dwara ack rekhaachitra parr adharit. see. saamane seey buri khabar", royal marine key ross ney 1885 key sukim abhiyaan key dauran general mcneil key collum koo aapada kii pahali khabar kaa pratinidhitva kiyaah "bangal key lancers key kaee ghode ulajhan mein zeriba [kaante-busch stock] koo todkar, mukhyalaya mein vaapas daud padey, aur bahut utsaah aur bhaya paida curr diyaa, yeh anuman lagaaya jaa rhaa thaa kii kissy bhayaanak aapada ney agrim collum koo gher liya thaa."way apane 1893 key tukade key liye sudan abhiyaan mein laut aae," "bandooken rakhate hue", "usee varsh unaki patni kii mrityu hoe gaee aur unhein apane dou chhote beton kii dekhbhal key liye chhod diyaa.
apane agale sainya vishay key liye, charlton ney ack baar phir zulu yuddh key ack vishay key saath yuddh mein purushon aur ghodon kii or rukh kiyaah "aarop key baadah 17 veen lancer, ulundi, 4 julaai 1879", jise 1888 mein burlington house mein dikhaaya gayaa thaa. resiment koo baad mein kalakar key kaam mein phir seey chitrit kiya jaanaa thaa. kuchh saal pahale, unhone lord tradegger kaa ack chitra banaaya thaa, jinhone 25 octuber 1854 koo balklawa mein durbhagyapurna aarop seey nartakiyon kaa netritva kiya thaa, aur isamen koee sandeh naheen haye kii baithakon key dauran kuleen vyakti key vivaran koo sunane key saath-saath kingleck key crimean yuddh key itihas koo padhane seey prerit hocker, charlton ney aarop key kaee chitron kaa pradarshan kiya thaa. "light brigade key prabhaari kii ack ghatana" koo 1889 mein akadami mein dikhaaya gayaa thaa, jabaki 1897 mein "comrades" aae, jisamen kewal dou aakritiyaan dikhaai gaeen, 17vein lancers kaa ack sanic maidan parr mrit padaa huaa thaa, jabaki uska ghodaa ack goli seey ghayal honey key baad peedaa mein peechhe mudataa haye. tradegger ney kalakar kii 1905 kii tasveer key liye rekhaachitra bhee pradaan kiya, "balaclavah light brigade kaa prabhaar" jisamen 17vein lancers koo russie bandookon seey takaraate hue dikhaaya gayaa thaa, jise graphic key chrismus poorak key roop mein punah prastut kiya gayaa thaa.
charleston kabhi-kabhi pahale kii avadhi key yuddhon yaa videshi yuddhon kii or rukh karate they, jinamen britten shamil naheen thaa, jaise kii "yuddh key baadah sedan", 1870 key franco-russie yuddh kii ack ghatana parr adharit thaa, jiska varnan laa debackle mein emil francois zolaa ney kiya thaa. iss tukade mein, charlton ney apane pasandida vishayon mein seey ack koo chunaa, ack yuddh key baad savaar rahit ghodon kaa, iss mamle mein ack pagal daud mein "khaali, shaant desh mein."praayadveepiya yuddh aur angreji grihyuddh key drishyon key baad, jabaki 1757 mein roseback kii ladaai mein russie general siddlitz kii unaki painting aprail 1914 mein berlin art gallery mein dikhaai gaee thee. isane ack ameer german kaa dhyaan aakarshit kiya jisane tukade koo khareedane kii peshkash kii, lekin bikri koo antim roop diye jaane seey pahale, yuddh chhid gayaa aur tasveer koo germany mein 'nazarband' curr diyaa gayaa.
pratham vishva yuddh.
mahaan yuddh ney yuddh mein sainikon key dard aur peedaa koo seedhe charleston key ghar laaya. jabaki unhone 1915 mein chitrit dou canvus mein yuddh key shuruati dinon koo record karane kaa prayaas kiya, joe abb laing art gallery mein latka huaa haye, aur gatehead art gallery mein, unhein 1916 mein hui trasdi key liye kuchh bhee taiyar naheen kiya gayaa thaa. 24 juuna koo, unakaa sabse badaa betaa, 7vein northumberland fucilliers key leftinent hyug waghan charlton, 32 saal kii umr mein paschimi morche parr maare gaye they. saat dinn baad, unakaa sabse chhota betaa, kaptan johnn mcfurlane charlton, 21vein north fuserland fucilliers (doosara tyneside scotish) mein seva curr rhaa thaa, ack utsuk pakshi vigyaani aur lekhak, soam key pahale dinn, unake 21vein janmadin parr kaarravaai mein maare gaye they. ack marmasparshi canvas mein, joe abb khou gayaa haye, dou ujjwal yuva apani daadi key saath baithate hain; jabaki unake pitaa kii ack anya painting mein jiska sheershak "dha brothers aich" haye.vee.see. aur jey.aim.see., sandisdicae, "dou sunder aur honhar yuva apane teen kutton key saath darshak kii or dekhate hain. dill tootane parr, kalakar ney johnn kaa ack maranoparant chitra banaaya jise 1917 key vasant mein "sooryaastah comberland, 28 sitambar 1916" key saath pradarshit kiya gayaa thaa.
mrityu aur mulyankan.
paschimi morche parr apane dou beton key khone kaa sadma bahut adhik thaa aur 10 navambar 1917 koo, jaba yuddh abhee bhee chala rhaa thaa, charlton kii 68 saal kii umr mein baink key ghar, lannercoast mein ack sankshipt bimari key baad mrityu hoe gaee. "unhone apane dou suryon key khone koo gaharaai seey mahsoos kiya", "graphic mein apane shoke sandesh mein padhaa. sent kii deewaar parr. mairi magdlean, lannercoast priyori, kalakar aur unake dou beton key smaarak hain. apane karyakal key dauran, charlton ney kabhi bhee heerak jayanti kii apani tasveer seey jyada dhyaan naheen aakarshit kiya. unhone chitra key liye kaee chitra banaae lekin sameekshaon mein sainya aur yuddh key drishyon key unake tail chitron kaa shayed hii kabhi ullekh kiya gayaa thaa. aur mahaan yuddh key unake chitron kii aalochana kaalaatit aur pichhali shatabdi key liye behtar anukool honey key roop mein kii gaee thee. phir bhee, unake chitra naatakiya hain aur vistaar parr saavdhaanipoorvak dhyaan dene key saath achchi tarah seey nishpaadit kiye gaye hain, aur way nishchit roop seey apane samkaaleenon, richard catton woodwille, james principle beedle aur villium barnes woolen koo britten key pramukh 'yuddh' chitrakaron mein seey ack key roop mein sthaan dete hain.

