
charles jey. handley

charles james handley (1881-1962) ack americi shikshak, shiksha sudhaarak aur sangh karyakarta they. unhone 1935 seey 1945 taka newyork shahar shikshak sangh (tu) key adhyaksh key roop mein kaary kiya (nyu york shahar shikshak sangh banaane key liye ack alpasankhyak vibhajan key thheek baad).
prishthabhoomi.
charles james handley kaa janm 4 juuna, 1881 koo uttari carolina mein huaa thaa. unake pitaa alvis francis handley they, joe dakshini railway key section foreman they. 
1905 mein, unhone chappel hill mein north carolina vishvavidyalaya seey snaatak kiya. baad mein, unhone ack aim arjit kiya.aeye. kolambiya vishvavidyalaya seey degree.
carrier.
shikshan.
shuru mein, handley ney uttari carolina mein padhaaya. 1915 mein, vaha uttar kii or chaley gaye. 1919 mein, handley ney americi federation off teachers key sthaaniya sangathan koo patterson, nyu jersey mein aayojit karane mein madad kii. 1920 mein, unhone pensylvania key raajya shram sangh key liye shram vargon koo bethelham, reeding aur lankester mein padhaaya. newyork mein, unhone vidyut shramik sangh key antarrashtriya bhaichare key sthaaniya 3 key liye aur telegraphers key sthaaniya sangh key liye shram kakshaon koo padhaaya.
1921 seey 1946 taka, handley ney george washington hyee school mein itihas aur arthshastra padhaaya.
sangh sakriyata.
1921 mein, handley bhee shikshak sangh mein shamil hoe gaye. 1922 seey 1932 taka unhone thu key khajanedar key roop mein kaary kiya. 1935 mein, jaise hii shikshakon kaa sangh alag hoe rhaa thaa, handley ekmatra karyakari netaa they joe tuu key saath baney rahey. way 1945 (yaa 1946 yaa 1947) mein shikshan seey apani sevaanivritti taka tuu key adhyaksh baney. 1936 mein, unhone shikshakon key college aur hyee school sanghikaran aur shikshakon key saamoohik saudebaji adhikaaron kii vakaalat kii. 1937 mein, samajwadi party ney handley koo phir seey chunaav naheen ladane key liye kahaah handley ney 3,411 key 3,333 vote jeete. tuu mein unake sachiv dorothy wallace they, joe tuu key upaadhyaksh dell zisman kii bahan theen. adhyaksh key roop mein unake karyakal key dauran, kendriya vyaapaar aur shram parishad ney thu (aur ilgavu, jaisa kii handley ney 1952 mein gawahi key dauran bataaya thaa) koo nishkaasit curr diyaa. americi shram mahasangh ney bhee tuu koo nishkaasit curr diyaa, jaba vaha rashtrapati they. sevaanivritti key baad, handley ney tuu key karyakari board, isaki shaikshik neeti samiti aur shikshak sangh sansthaan key nideshak key roop mein kaary kiya. 1965 mein apani mrityu taka way ack sadasya baney rahey.
1946 mein, handley 1948 key madhyam seey sanyukt saarvajanik shramikon key rashtriya shikshak vibhaag (upava/sio) key ack kshetriya pratinidhi bunn gaye.
1951 mein, way prakaashak nyu press, ink. key sharedharak aur sachiv-khajanedar donon bunn gaye., seepusa key aadhikarik samachar patra key prakaashak, "dainik karyakarta". unhone nigman patron parr hastakshar kiye.
raajneetigya.
ack shikshak key roop mein shuruati varshon" seey, handley 1938 taka america kii samajwadi party key sadasya they. ack anirdisht tithi parr, way "america kii communist party key karib" hoe gaye."haalaanki, bella dodd 1940 key dashak mein 1949 mein apane nishkasana key madhyam seey cpusa kii sadasya theen, unhone gawahi dee kii handley ack communist naheen balki ack samajwadi theen.
handley communist-sambaddh americi laber party key sadasya they. 1948 mein way raajya senate (28vaan jilaa, bronx) key liye daude. 1950 mein, vaha yuu key liye daude.aiss. congress (25vaan congress jilaa).
sarkari jaanch.
1940 mein, handley rapp-couder samiti key saamane pesh hue aur unhone thu kii sadasyata soochi koo saunpane seey incar curr diyaa. halanki, janwari 1941 mein unhone iska anupaalan kiya aur soochi kii aapoorti kii. (samiti kii sunavaai key dauran, poorv sadasya benjamin mandel aur professor sidney hook donon ney gawahi dee kii handley communist party kii kathputali thee.)
1952 mein, prakaashak naee press key poorv adhyaksh aur vartamaan sachiv-khajanedar (aur sharedharak) key roop mein, unhein senate kii aantarik suraksha upasamiti key samaksh bulaaya gayaa aur kaee prashnon kaa uttar dene seey incar curr diyaa gayaa. unake vakeel herold camer (ack samay lii pressman key bhagidar aur whittaker chambers key netritva mein wayer samooh key nathan witt) aur royal doubleu they. france. unhone kahaa kii ack samay mein aapaki sadasyata "10,000" key karib thee. unhone sweekaar kiya kii prakaashak nae press key nideshak mandal ney "dainik karyakarta" kii sampadakiya neeti koo niyantrit kiya. 40 varsh yaa usase adhik key adhyayan" key aadhar parr, unhone upasamiti koo bataaya kii "america mein communist party roose kii communist party seey bilkul swatantra haye."unhone communist party kii sambaddhata key baare mein savaalon kaa jawab dene seey incar curr diyaa. samiti ney 8 octuber, 1951 taka prakaashak key nae press key nideshak mandal koo soochibaddh karane key liye "dainik karyakarta" key ack lekh kaa hawala diyaah handley, joseph dermer (furiors), howard fast (lekhak), richard oh. boyer (lekhak), arnold donawa (dunt chikitsak), eulysis campbelle (dunt chikitsak), elliot white (paadari), helen alfred (samajik karyakarta), vincent provino (furiors), aur alex kolkin (ilgavu). bella dodd key iss daave key baare mein kii handley kii tuu sachiv dorothy wallace tuu upaadhyaksh dell ziceman kii bahan thee, handley ney pahale kahaa kii "mujhe lagata haye kii yeh bella dodd kii kalpana kii ack kalpana haye" aur phir kahaa "merey gyaan key anusaar, vaha dell ziceman kii bahan naheen haye... main unake parivaar seey ghanishth roop seey parichit naheen huun."
1962 mein, nae prakashakon key press key kaaran, handley koo ack bhavya juurii jaanch key saamane bulaaya gayaa aur unhone prashnon kaa uttar dene seey incar curr diyaa.
vyaktigat jeevan.
1916 mein, charles handley ney grantboro, uttari carolina key okla deeze seey shaadi kii; unake dou bete they.
1952 mein, bella dodd ney handley koo "schools aur samajvadiyon key poore prashn parr bahut nishchit vichaaron vaale vyakti key roop mein varnit kiya." 
mrityu aur viraasat.
1962 mein henley kii mrityu hoe gaee. tamiment library ney charles jey koo sangraheet kiya haye. handley pepper.

