vergence (bhoovigyaan)

sanrachanaatmak bhoovigyaan mein, vergence ack asmamit taha key palat gaye ghatak kii disha koo sandarbhit kartaa haye. saral shabdon mein, vergence koo kshaitij disha key roop mein varnit kiya jaa sakata haye jisamen ghoornan kaa oopari ghatak nirdeshit hotaa haye. bhoovaigyaanik koo badey taha kshetron kii visheshtaon koo nirdhaarit karane mein madad karane key liye taha mein vergence dekhaa aur darj kiya jaa sakata haye. vergence kaa upayog tahon kii samroopata (yaa vishamta) mein samagr lakshan varnan pradaan karane key liye kiya jaataa haye, aur iska upayog badey taha key aksh key sambandh mein chhote paimaane kii sanrachanaon mein parivartanon kaa nireekshan karane key liye kiya jaa sakata haye. ack taha kaa vergence ack taha kii aspas kii satahon key samanantar hotaa haye, isaliye yadi yeye aspas kii satahen prakriti mein kshaitij naheen hain, tou taha kaa vergence jhukaa hoga. ack taha key liye, disha, saath hii jiss hudd taka vergence hotaa haye, usaki ganana akshiya satahon key prahaar aur dubki seey kii jaa sakati haye, saath hii lifafa satahon key saath. yeye gananaaen bhuvaigyaanikon key liye badey kshetron key samagr tatvon koo nirdhaarit karane mein bahut upayogi hoe sakati hain.
vergence kii paribhasha parr aitihaasik bhram.
vergence ack aisaa shabd haye joe aamtaur parr bhramit rhaa haye aur isake parinamswarup, upayog key poore itihas mein kuchh hudd taka galat samajha gayaa haye. upayog kaa sabse pahala roop, aur "vergence" shabd kaa maanyata praapt parichay, 1924 mein german bhoovigyaani, hains still seey aaya thaa. still ney mool roop seey iss shabd kaa upayog chhote tahon key palatane kii disha kaa varnan karane key saath-saath "upp-dip" disha kaa varnan karane key liye kiya thaa, joe seedhe ack taha key prahaar aur dubki seey sambandhit haye. ack taha key kuchh bhautik ghatakon key inn vivaranon kaa upayog ack taha mein over-thrusting kii samagr disha key vivaran mein still dwara kiya gayaa thaa aur isake parinamswarup, way seedhe ack taha mein gatij ghatakon seey sambandhit hain. iss arth mein, "vergence" shabd kaa andolan kaa prabhaav haye aur iss prakaar, bhoovigyaan mein vivadaspad hoe gayaa haye, kyonki vergence, still kii mool paribhasha mein, kewal jyaamitiya sambandhon kaa varnan kartaa haye, aur kaee bhuvaigyaanikon kaa maanana haye kii iska upayog andolan kaa varnan karane key liye ack praathamik upkaran key roop mein naheen kiya jaanaa chaahiye. iss vivaad key parinamswarup, iss shabd kaa upayog kabhi bhee antarrashtriya samjhaute parr naheen pahuncha, aur isake parinamswarup poore itihas mein alag-alag tarikon seey upayog kiya gayaa haye.
vakyansh kii paribhasha key baare mein adhikansh bhram, taha-saamana aur taha-vakyansh kii avadhaaranaon key bhram aur sanyojan seey utpann hotaa haye. kuchh bhuvaigyaanikon ney vergence kii paribhasha koo usa disha key roop mein sandarbhit karna shuru kiya jisamen ack taha kaa saamana karna parh rhaa haye, jabaki anya logon kaa maanana thaa kii paribhasha still dwara isake mool upayog key saath mell khaati haye, joe ack akshiya satah parr ack taha kii oopar-dubki disha kii disha thee. asahamati sambhavatah utpann hui, kyonki still fold key oopar-dubki yaa neeche-dubki key baad fold key palatane kii disha key baare mein spasht roop seey spasht naheen thaa. halanki, iss shabd key apane mool upayog mein, unhone vaastav mein, taha kii oopar-dubki disha kaa upayog kiya. iska mukhya kaaran yeh haye kii yeh bhram paida kartaa haye, bhoovigyaan mein taha-mukh kii samanya paribhasha kaa parinam haye, jise usa disha (ack taha kii dhuri key liye samanya aur akshiya tala key anuroop) key roop mein varnit kiya gayaa haye joe chhote bistaron kii or ingit karati haye. iss paribhasha key parinamswarup, dou taha, jinamen samaan vishamta hoti haye, koo sanrachana key stareekrit tatvon key sambandh mein vipareet dishaaon kaa saamana karate hue dekhaa jaa sakata haye, jisake parinamswarup vergence kii alag-alag vyakhya kii gaee dishaaen hoti hain. iss bhram koo door karane key liye, bhuvaigyaanikon ney vergence kii ack adhik nishchit paribhasha banaane kaa prayaas kiya haye.
vergence kii abb, adhik vyaapak roop seey sweekrit paribhasha, jiska upayog ack taha mein asamaroopata key jyaamitiya ghatak kaa varnan karane mein madad karane key liye kiya jaataa haye, vaha kshaitij disha haye jisamen ack taha mein ghoornan kaa oopari ghatak nirdeshit hotaa haye. iss paribhasha mein, vergence kii avadharana ack taha key mukh ghatak seey alag aur swatantra haye. iss swatantrata key aadhar parr, bahut saare bhram koo door curr diyaa gayaa haye, aur bhuvaigyaanikon key liye, vishesh roop seey adhik jatil sanrachanaon key vishleshan mein, donon avadhaaranaon kaa upayog karna mahatvapurna haye.
taha mein spashtata koo samajhana.
vergence kaa ack mukhya upayog ack taha kii samroopata yaa vishamta kaa varnan karke ack taha kii samagr jyaamiti koo ack vichaar denaa haye. iss upayog key mahatva koo behtar dhang seey samajhane key liye, unaki jyaamiti key aadhar parr tahon key vibhinn vargeekaranon koo samajhana mahatvapurna haye. tahon kaa varnan karane aur unhein vargeekrit karane key liye sabse adhik upayog kiye jaane vaale shabd, unaki jyaamiti key aadhar parr, pratimaan aur samanvaya key saath-saath anticline aur samanvaya shabd hain. haalaanki yeye shabd samaan lagate hain, lekin ack taha kii jyaamiti key sandarbh mein unakaa arth bahut alag haye.
jaba ack taha key anga oopar kii or abhisaran karate hain, tou taha koo ack pratimaan key roop mein sandarbhit kiya jaataa haye. isake vipareet, jaba ack taha key anga neeche kii or abhisaran karate hain, tou taha koo ack samanvaya key roop mein jaanaa jaataa haye. inn shabdon (pratimaan aur samanvaya) key saath bhramit naa honey key liye, parat key stareekrit mahatva key vivaran mein anticline aur syncline shabdon kaa upayog kiya jaataa haye. inn vakyanshon kaa upayog ack dusare key saath sanyojan mein taha key aakar aur disha key jyaamitiya pahaluon kaa varnan karane key liye kiya jaa sakata haye.
isake alawa, taha koo samamit yaa asmamit key roop mein sandarbhit kiya jaa sakata haye. jaba tahon kaa ack samooh, jinake akshiya tala tahon kii lifafa satah (tahon key liye kheencha gayaa tala sparshrekha) kaa pratinidhitva karane vaale tala key lambavat paae jaate hain, tou tahon koo samamit maanaa jaataa haye. jaba aisaa naheen hotaa haye, tou tahon koo asmamit maanaa jaataa haye, aur inn tahon kii vishamta tahon kii akshiya satahon parr vyavasthit roop seey bhinn hogi. vergence kaa upayog naa kewal ack taha kii samroopata (yaa vishamta) kaa samagr vichaar dene key liye kiya jaa sakata haye, balki asmamit taha key samanya mamle mein, iska upayog taha kii vishamta kii pahale ullikhit vyavasthit bhinnata koo record karane key liye kiya jaa sakata haye. yeh kissy kshetra key sookshm seey sthool ghatakon kaa nirdhaaran karate samay bhuvaigyaanikon key liye kshetra mein vergence key upayog key liye bahut mahatvapurna haye.
bhoovigyaan mein upayog.
bhoovigyaan mein vergence key mukhya anuprayogon mein seey ack vaha upkaran haye joe bhuvaigyaanikon koo chhote paimaane parr tahon kii jyaamiti kaa varnan karane key liye pradaan kartaa haye. vergence, saath hii ack taha key chehare kaa anuprayog, bhuvaigyaanikon koo isaki shally (pratimaan yaa samanvaya) key sandarbh mein ack taha koo vargeekrit karane mein sahaayata curr sakata haye, saath hii ise ack anticline yaa sinkline key roop mein vargeekrit curr sakata haye, joe stareekrit mahatva rakhta haye. vergence kaa sabse mahatvapurna upayog yeh haye kii yeh bhuvaigyaanikon koo taha mein samroopata key jyaamitiya guna kaa ehsas detaa haye. asmamit tahon key mamle mein, paraton koo taha jode key roop mein jaani jaane vaali sanrachanaon mein dekhaa aur darj kiya jaa sakata haye. taha jode bistar aur taha key daraar key koniya sambandh koo spasht karane mein madad karate hain. way 'aiss-aakar' key hoe sakate hain, jisamen unhein sinistral kahaa jaataa haye, yaa way 'jaid-aakar' key hoe sakate hain, jisamen unhein dextral key roop mein jaanaa jaataa haye. sinistral" aur "dextral" shabdon key paaramparik upayog kaa upayog vergence kaa varnan karane key liye kiya jaataa haye jaba avalokan kaa suvidhajanak bindu oopar seey hotaa haye, yaa paryavekshak taha parr neeche dekh rhaa hotaa haye.
vergence, isi tarah fold jode key liye, kabhi-kabhi sinistral yaa dextral key roop mein vargeekrit kiya jaataa haye. yeh vergence aur rotation key beach sambandh key kaaran haye, jaisa kii isaki paribhasha mein, vergence kaa upayog ack fold key oopari-ghatak key rotation kii disha nirdhaarit karane key liye kiya jaataa haye. jaba spasht ghadee kii disha mein ghoornan hotaa haye, yaa sinistral hotaa haye, jaba spasht vipareet ghadee kii disha mein ghoornan hotaa haye, tou vergence koo dextral key roop mein vargeekrit kiya jaa sakata haye. halanki donon vergence aur fold jode key vivaran mein ack saajha sambandh haye, way ack dusare seey swatantra hain, kyonki vergence koo ack disha key roop mein paribhaashit kiya gayaa haye, naa kii ack aakar key roop mein. vaastav mein, ack taha kii vishamta kaa varnan karane mein vergence kaa upayog kewal asamaroopata koo aiss-aakar (sinistral) yaa jaid-aakar (dextral) key roop mein varnit karane seey adhik upayogi haye, kyonki vergence taha mein girawat kii vividhataon seey swatantra haye. taha mein girawat kii bhinnataaen apekshaakrit aam hain, aur inn bhinnataon key aadhar parr, samaan vishamta vaale dou tahon koo unake taha mein girawat key aadhar parr aakar key sandarbh mein alag-alag vargeekrit kiya jaa sakata haye. isake parinamswarup tahon kii jyaamiti nirdhaarit karane mein ashuddhiyaan hoe sakati hain, aur isaliye badey kshetron key maanchitran koo prabhaavit curr sakati hain. kull milakar, ack taha jodee key vishleshan mein vergence bahut upayogi hoe sakata haye, kyonki vergence taha jodee kii jyaamiti koo behtar samajh dey sakata haye, saath hii saath taha key aspas key badey kshetra kii jyaamiti parr nirdhaaran karane key liye upayog kiya jaa sakata haye. ack taha kaa vergence ack bhoovigyaani koo badey paimaane parr taha kii kaee visheshtaon koo nirdhaarit karane mein madad curr sakata haye, jisamen taha kii shally, sthiti aur jyaamiti shamil hain.
ack taha mein sthiti koo dekhkar, bhoovaigyaanik detta record curr sakate hain jiska upayog ack badey kshetra kii anumaanit sthiti aur jyaamiti kii ganana karane key liye kiya jaa sakata haye, aur isaliye usa kshetra key maanchitran mein bhuvaigyaanikon kii sahaayata karate hain. adhik vishesh roop seey, bhoovaigyaanik chhote tahon mein vergence key guna kaa upayog karate hain, badey, aspas key kshetra key kuchh bhautik gunon koo nirdhaarit karane key liye jahaan badey paimaane parr taha hoe rahee haye. yeh bhuvaigyaanikon key liye ack aam abhyaas haye aur iska upayog switzerland mein morkels naipe key maanchitran jaise kaee kshetron key maanchitran mein kiya jaataa haye. yeh prakriya kuchh udaharanon mein vishesh roop seey upayogi haye, jaise kii newzealand mein otago skist mein. yahaan, kshetra mein badey paimaane parr taha key astitva kaa ekmatra pramaan, vergence zone key maanchitran key madhyam seey haye. saral viroopan key kshetron mein, vergence kaa upayog pramukh tahon key kaaj kshetron kaa pataa lagaane key liye ack upkaran key roop mein bhee kiya jaa sakata haye, saath hii saath katarani kii bhavna bhee. badey kshetron koo maanchitrit karane key liye ack upkaran key roop mein vergence kaa upayog, adhik jatil kshetron mein savdhani key saath kiya jaanaa chaahiye jahaan kaee vikritiyaan hui hain. udaaharan key liye, atyadhik rupaantarit chattanon key kshetron key saath-saath una kshetron mein jahaan vibhinn umr key vivartanik andolan maujood hain, badey kshetra kii visheshtaon key nirdhaaran mein vergence kaa upayog bhraamak hoe sakata haye. isake bavjood, adhik jatil kshetron key vivaran mein vergence kaa upayog kiya jaa sakata haye. udaaharan key liye, chhote taha mein parivartan, joe pramukh taha kshetron mein hotey hain, yeh ingit karane mein madad curr sakate hain kii kaba ack pramukh taha aksh koo paar kiya gayaa haye. kull milakar, bhuvigyaniyon koo badey paimaane key kshetron aur sanrachanaon key ghatakon koo nirdhaarit karane mein vergence ack bahut hii upayogi upkaran pradaan kartaa haye.

