gehuun bauna virus

"wheat dwarf virus" (doubleu. dee. vee.) "jaminiviridae" parivaar mein ack paadap rogjanak virus haye. doubleu. dee. vee. key dou prithak utpaad gehuun aur jou koo prabhaavit karate hain. yeh leafhopper "samotics allionus" dwara failata haye.
mezban aur lakshan.
doubleu. dee. vee. key dou mukhya prakaar hain, jinhen gehuun ("triticum astivum") yaa jou ("hordium vulgare") key liye unaki mezban vareeyata seey alag kiya jaa sakata haye. doubleu. dee. vee. apane mezban paudhe mein kaee prakaar key lakshan paida curr sakata haye joe sthaaniya aur pranaaleegat donon hain. udaaharan key liye, paudhe kii vriddhi rook sakati haye, joe jhaadi jaisi dikhaai detee haye. paudhe mein samanya roop seey dekhe jaane kii tulanaa mein cumm jutai (ghaas dwara utpaadit tunn) aur patte hoe sakate hain. patte key chhote hisse bhee chlorosis seey prabhaavit hoe sakate hain, joe antatah poore patte koo apane niyantran mein leey sakata haye. paudhe parr spikes kii sankhya cumm hoe sakati haye yaa maujooda spikes kii sankhya cumm hoe sakati haye. doubleu. dee. vee. leafhoppers dwara preshit hotaa haye, joe apane munh key bhaagon key saath gehuun key vanaspati vargon seey floem russ choosata haye, jisase virus failata haye. yeh ack parisanchari, gair-prasarak sancharan prakriya haye.
mahatva.
lagbhag 10,000 saal pahale, europe mein gehuun ack gharelu fasal bunn gaee thee. haalaanki, gharelukaran prakriya key dauran, jangli poorvajon mein paae jaane vaale gehuun key kuchh lakshan khou gaye they. isaliye, doubleu. dee. vee. key kaaran honey vaali beemariyon sahit kaee europeeya deshon mein pichhali shatabdi mein hanikarak ghatanaaen hui hain. sweeden mein, gehuun baune key liye visheshtaon key lakshan paae gaye aur yeh slidejuka naamak bimari key lakshnon key samaan prateet hotey they, joe 1900 key dashak kii shuruat mein paaya gayaa thaa. slidejuka ney kaee gehuun key kheton koo nasht curr diyaa aur 1940 key dashak seey yeh ack mudda naheen thaa, jaba taka kii ise haal hii mein doubleu. dee. vee. key roop mein pahachaana naheen gayaa thaa. poore europe mein pramukh gehuun key kheton mein gehuun baune key kaaran badee fasal kii paidawar mein 75 pratishat taka kaa nuksan huaa haye. yeh dikhaaya gayaa haye kii sweeden mein garmiyon key dauran ack khet mein 50 pratishat taka sardiyon key gehuun doubleu. dee. vee. seey sankramit hoe sakate hain. gehuun baune key badhate prasaar key halia kaaran badalate krishi tarikon kaa parinam paae gaye hain joe bimari key liye anukool rahey hain. roga koo niyantrit karane key liye haal hii mein upayog kii jaane vaali ack krishi pratha rasayanik keetnashak rahee haye, joe sharad ritu mein roganu koo lakshit karati haye.
sweeden mein kisaanon key liye gehuun kii kheti koo gehuun baune dwara gambhir roop seey khatra haye. jaise-jaise jalavaayu parivartan duniya bhar mein ack badee samasya banati jaa rahee haye, doubleu. dee. vee. jaise vector-sancharit virus kii ghatana ack adhik pramukh samasya banati jaa rahee haye.
prabandhan.
gehuun baune kaa prabandhan aur niyantran mukhya roop seey vector, leafhopper "samotics allionus" koo lakshit karane parr kendrit haye. halanki doubleu. dee. vee. key liye koee javic niyantran naheen hain, lekin aise rasayanik niyantran hain joe nivaarak upaayon key saath ekikrit honey parr, ack badaa prabhaav daal sakate hain. keetnashak rasayanik niyantran kaa ack srot hain, lekin unakaa upayog kewal tabhi kiya jaataa haye jaba paudhe key bheetar badee sankhya mein vector keede paae jaate hain. inn keetnashakon kaa upayog sharad ritu mein kiya jaa sakata haye jaba sardiyon mein gehuun aur jou ubharana shuru hoe jaate hain kyonki praathamik sankraman iss samay vayaskon key bhojan key madhyam seey hotaa haye. vasant mein phir seey keetnashakon kaa chhidkaav bhee kiya jaa sakata haye kyonki vayask vactor virus key dwiteeyak prasaar kaa kaaran banate hain. virus koo niyantrit karane kaa ack aur tarika haye beejon kaa ilaaj imidacloprid seey karna. pyrethroid key saath gehuun key paudhe kaa upchaar karane seey virus key sancharan seey bachane mein madad mill sakati haye.
doubleu. dee. vee. key vikas koo rokane key liye nivaarak upaay bhee bahut mahatvapurna hain. udaaharan key liye, bhoj jaisi adhik pratirodhi kismon kaa upayog karane seey virus key prabhaav cumm naatakiya hoe sakate hain. sankramit paadap samagri koo nasht karane seey leafhopper key prasaar koo rokane mein madad mill sakati haye.

