
james chess

james clark chess (16 octuber, 1931-8 octuber, 2004) ack americi itihaaskaar they, jinhone americi kootneeti aur raajya kalaa parr likhaa thaa. unaki 12 pustakon mein sameekshakon dwara prashansit "ekisanah dha secretory off state huu created dha american worled" (1998), poorv sachiv raajya deane ekison kii nishchit jeevani shamil haye. 2000 key rashtrapati praathamik key dauran ack bahas mein, george doubleu. busch ney chess key "achison" koo una pustakon mein seey ack key roop mein sandarbhit kiya joe vaha usa samay padh rahey they.
unake lekhan, joe suruchipurna aur saahityik gadya key liye bhee jaane jaate hain, aksar neeti nirmaan mein americi vichaar koo prabhaavit karate they-america kaa varnan karane key liye sidney bluementhal key saath "anivarya rashtra" vakyansh kaa unakaa sikka vyaapak roop seey taba upayog kiya gayaa thaa jaba raajya sachiv medleen albrite ney ise apane bhashanon mein shamil karna shuru kiya thaa.
chess kaa janm aur paalan-poshan fauls nadee, massachusets mein huaa thaa. unake parivaar, nae ingland key abhijaat varg key, ney girawat nadee kapas-mill arthavyavastha key patan key baad mahaan avasaad key dauran lagbhag sub kuchh khou diyaa. iss anubhav kaa varnan unhone baad mein apane 1990 key sansmaran mein kiya "hamaare paas kyaa thaa.
chess ney harvard vishvavidyalaya seey classics mein degree key saath snaatak kiya. way 1954 mein chitrakaar eugene delacrox aur lekhak charles boudelayer parr snaatak-adhyayan anusandhaan karane key liye france gaye, lekin jald hii saahitya aur rajneeti key vartamaan bauddhik kshetra mein unaki ruchi paaee, jisase albert camus aur jeane-paul saartre sahit francisi raajneetik lekhakon mein teevra ruchi paida hui. way usee varsh baad mein ack sanic key roop mein france laut aae aur 1955 aur 1956 mein ack senaa anuvaadak key roop mein kaam kiya, jisamen kendriya khufiya agency key liye francisi samachar patron kaa anuvaad shamil thaa. france mein rahate hue unhone ack upanyaas likhaa aur viyatnam seey usa rashtra kii vaapsee aur aupaniveshik algeria mein vidroh key saath isaki samasyaon key prabhaav key gawah they.
sanyukt raajya america mein unaki vaapsee key baad videsh neeti mein unaki ruchi badhee kyonki unhone 1959 seey 1969 taka soviyat gutt key mamalon kii raajneetik sameeksha, "purvi europe" key liye prabandh sampaadak key roop mein kaary kiya, jiss dauran unhone chhah divasiya yuddh key baare mein apani pustak "madhya poorv mein sangharsh" likhi. unhone videsh neeti patrika "interplay" (1967-1970) aur "videshi mamalon" (1970-1983) key prabandh sampaadak key roop mein bhee kaary kiya. way 1993 mein "vishva neeti patrika" key sampaadak baney, jahan unhone 7 saal taka seva kii. 1990 mein, unhein upstate newyork mein anandale-onn-hudson mein bard college mein sarkari professor niyukt kiya gayaa thaa. baad mein unhone newyork shahar mein bard key antarrashtriya mamalon key karyakram, bard vaishvikaran aur antarrashtriya mamalon key karyakram (bgi) koo sthaapit karane aur adhyakshata karane mein madad kii. unake lekh aksar samachar patra key opp-aid prishthon parr mudrit hotey they aur unhone 1980 aur 1990 key dashak mein "newyork times book review" mein yogdan diyaa.
chess kaa kaam americi rajneeti, americi moolyon key saath americi hiton kii antahkriya aur americi shakti key upayog parr kendrit thaa. unakaa maanana thaa kii kissy bhee rashtra kaa prabhaavi dhang seey netritva karane vaalaa koee bhee rajneta yeh samajh jaayega kii rakt aur raajneetik ichchaashakti sahit sansaadhan seemit hain aur rashtra key hiton kii raksha mein una sansadhanon parr adhik curr naheen lagaaya jaa sakata haye. saathi lekhak aur achche dost maark danner key anusaar, chess ney viyatnam yuddh koo hiton aur sansadhanon koo vivekpurna roop seey santulit karane mein whiffle rashtra kaa ack utkrisht udaaharan maanaa, aur iraq yuddh koo ack aur udaaharan key roop mein dekhaa.
peris mein markis dee lafayet kii jeevani key liye shodh karate hue chess kii dill kaa daura padane seey mrityu hoe gaee, joe unaki dasavin pustak hogi. unaki mrityu key samay, chess newyork shahar mein rahate they aur unake parivaar mein poorv patniyaan jeane valentine aur sujan denvir chess, betiyaan saaraa, rebekka aur zho theen. way sainya itihaaskaar aur lekhak kaleb kaar aur itihaaskaar david fromkin key karibi dost aur maargdarshak they. unaki dou potiyaan theen, rebekka aur pesha. johnn bingham lambe samay taka saathi rahey.

