
sent patrick kaa adesh

sant patrick kaa sabse shandar crum ireland seey judaa ack nishkriya british veerata crum haye. order koo 1783 mein raajaa george III dwara ireland key tatkalin lord leftinent key anurodh parr banaaya gayaa thaa, teesara earl mandir (baad mein buckingham kaa markes banaaya gayaa). order key shurveeron kaa niyamit nirmaan 1922 taka chalaa, jaba adhikansh ireland ney ayrish mukt raajya key roop mein swatantrata praapt kii, joe usa samay british rashtramandal key roop mein jaanaa jaane vaalaa ack prabhutva thaa. jabaki takniki roop seey abhee bhee adesh maujood haye, 1936 key baad seey koee night off sent patrick naheen banaaya gayaa haye, aur antim jeevit night, prince heinry, duke off glocester, 1974 mein marr gayaa. charles III, halanki, adesh key samprabhu baney hue hain, aur ack adhikaari, alster king off arms (abb noroy aur alster king off arms key karyalaya mein pratinidhitva kiya jaataa haye), bhee jeevit haye. sent patrick adesh key sanrakshak hain; iska aadarsh vaakya "kiss seey alag?" haye.", lattin key liye" kaun [hamein] alag karega?": romanon key ashleel anuvaad key liye ack sanket 8:35", kaun hamein masih key pyaar seey alag karega?"
adhikansh british veerata key adesh poore sanyukt raajya koo cover karate hain, lekin teen sabse uchch adesh kewal ack ghatak desh seey sambandhit hain. sent patrick kaa crum, joe ireland seey sambandhit haye, prathamikta aur ayu mein inn teenon mein sabse junier haye. ingland mein isake samkaksh, garter kaa sabse mahaan crum, british dweepon mein veerata kaa sabse purana crum haye, joe chaudahavin shatabdi key madhya seey haye. scotish samkaksh thissel kaa sabse pracheen aur sabse mahaan crum haye, joe 1687 seey apane vartamaan roop mein haye.
itihas.
praarambhik itihas.
ayrish sansad mein raajneetik samarthan koo puraskrit (yaa praapt) karane key saadhan key roop mein ireland koo paryaapt swaayatta dene key ack saal baad, 1783 mein iss adesh kii sthaapana kii gaee thee. 1725 mein sthaapit snan kaa crum isi tarah key karanon seey sthaapit kiya gayaa thaa. adesh key kaanoonon ney una purushon key liye sadasyata koo pratibandhit curr diyaa joe shurveer aur sajjan donon they, baad vaale koo apane pitaa aur maan donon key paksh mein "kuleen" (jiska arth haye hathiyaron key coat rakhane vaale poorvaj) kii teen peedhiyon key roop mein paribhaashit kiya gayaa thaa. haalaanki, vyavhaar mein, kewal ayrish sathiyon aur british rajkumaron koo hii iss adesh key liye niyukt kiya gayaa thaa. sent patrick key cross (safed prishthabhoomi parr ack laal namak) koo crum key prateekon mein seey ack key roop mein chunaa gayaa thaa. iss design kaa ack jhanda baad mein sangh key dhwaj mein shamil kiya gayaa thaa. halanki, adesh kii neenv seey pahale sent patrick yaa ireland key saath iska sambandh spasht naheen haye. pahale shurveeron mein seey ack linster kaa doosara duke thaa, jisaki baahon mein vahee cross hotaa haye.
1922 key baad.
adesh key liye niyukt antim gair-shaahi sadasya 1922 mein abercorn key teesare duke they, jinhone uttari ireland key pahale governor key roop mein kaary kiya. jaba usee varsh disambar mein ayrish mukt raajya ney united kingdam chhod diyaa, tou ayrish karyakari parishad doubleu key tahat. tii. cosgrave ney adesh key liye aage koee niyukti naheen karane kaa faisala kiya.
taba seey, kewal teen logon koo adesh key liye niyukt kiya gayaa haye, sabhi british shaahi parivaar key sadasya hain. wells key tatkalin rajkumar (bhavishya key raajaa edward VIII aur baad mein windser key duke) koo 1927 mein niyukt kiya gayaa thaa aur unake chhote bhaaiyon, prince heinry, duke off glocester, koo 1934 mein aur prince albert, duke off york (baad mein king george vi) koo 1936 mein niyukt kiya gayaa thaa.
1937 key ireland key samvidhaan mein praavdhaan haye kii "kuleenata kii upaadhiyan raajya dwara pradaan naheen kii jaayengi" (anuchhed 40.2.1 °) aur "sarkaar kii poorv manjuri key alawa kissy bhee nagrik dwara kuleenata yaa sammaan kii koee upaadhi sweekaar naheen kii jaa sakati haye" (anuchhed 40.2.2 °). kanuni visheshagya iss baat parr vibhajit hain kii kyaa yeh khand ayrish nagrikon koo sent patrick key adesh kii sadasyata dene seey rokta haye, lekin kuchh kaa sujhaav haye kii "kuleenata key khitaab" vakyansh kaa arth vanshaanugat sahakarmi aur anya mahaan khitaab hain, naa kii nighthoods jaise jeevan bhar key sammaan. haalaanki, yeh tark "yaa sammaan" shabdon koo sambodhit naheen kartaa haye.
antim jeevit gair-shaahi praaptakarta, shaftsbury key 9vein earl kii mrityu 1961 mein hui. 1974 mein apani mrityu key samay, rajkumar heinry, duke off glocester, antim jeevit shurveer they. haalaanki, yeh adesh takniki roop seey ack samprabhu aur ack adhikaari, nauroy aur alster king off arms key saath maujood haye.
sambhaavit punruddhar.
pradhaan mantri winston churchill ney 1943 mein uttar africa mein general dha onn kii sevaaon koo maanyata dene key liye adesh koo punarjeevit karane kaa sujhaav diyaa. surr harrold alekjendar, county tyrone key ack alster scott parivaar key sadasya, lekin anya mantriyon aur sivil sevakon kii raay thee kii yeh landan aur doublin key beach rajanyik santulan koo kharaab curr dega. taosic saine lemas ney 1960 key dashak key dauran adesh koo punarjeevit karane parr vichaar kiya, lekin koee nirnay naheen liya.
rachana.
sadasya.
british samrat sent patrick key adesh kaa samprabhu haye. ireland key swami leftinent, ireland mein samrat key pratinidhi, grand master key roop mein kaary karate they. 1922 mein lord leftinent kaa karyalaya samaapt curr diyaa gayaa thaa; antim lord leftinent aur grand master dervent key pahale wiscount fitzlan they. shuru mein, adesh key kaanoonon mein yeh praavdhaan naheen thaa kii grand master koo adhikaar key mamle mein adesh mein pravesh diyaa jaae. jabaki kuchh lords leftinent koo vaastav mein adesh key liye niyukt kiya gayaa thaa, yeh niyam key bajaay apavaad prateet hotaa haye. 1839 mein, raani victoria ney ise badal diyaa aur halanki apane bhavya prabhutva key dauran sadasya naheen they, unhein apane pada key karyakal key baad prateek chinh banaae rakhane kii anumati dee gaee thee.
mool roop seey adesh mein samprabhu key alawa pandrah shurveer shamil they. haalaanki, 1821 mein, george IV ney chhah atirikt shurveeron koo niyukt kiya; unhone 1830 taka parivartan koo adhikrit karane vaalaa shaahi warrant jaari naheen kiya. villium IV ney 1833 mein aupchaarik roop seey qaanoonon koo badal diyaa, jisase seema badhkar bice shurveer hoe gaee.
mool qaanoon, joe garter key adesh key aadhar parr bahut adhik hain, ney nirdhaarit kiya kii kissy bhee rikt sthaan koo sadasyon key namankan parr samprabhu dwara bharaa jaanaa chaahiye. pratyek shurveer koo nau ummidvaaron kaa prastaav rakhna thaa, jinamen seey teen koo earl yaa usase adhik kaa pada, teen koo bairan yaa usase adhik kaa pada, aur teen koo night yaa usase adhik kaa pada aur ack vote lena thaa. vyavhaar mein iss pranali kaa kabhi upayog naheen kiya gayaa thaa; grand master ack sahakarmi koo naamit kartaa thaa, samprabhu aamtaur parr sahamati detaa thaa, aur ack adhyaay baithak aayojit kii jaati thee jisamen shurveeron ney nae sadasya koo "chunaa". sent patrick kaa crum apane angreji aur scotish samkakshon, garter aur thissel key aadeshon seey alag thaa, kewal hamesha sathiyon aur rajkumaron kii niyukti mein. mahilaaon koo kabhi bhee sent patrick key adesh mein pravesh naheen diyaa gayaa thaa; way 1987 taka anya dou aadeshon key sadasya banane key yogya naheen they. adesh kaa hissa banane vaali ekmatra mahila raani victoria thee, joe adesh kii samprabhuta key roop mein apani kshamata mein thee. haalaanki yeh 1871 taka ireland key sthaapit church seey judaa huaa thaa, lekin isake poore itihas mein kaee catholics koo iss crum mein niyukt kiya gayaa thaa.
adhikaari.
sent patrick key adesh mein shuru mein terah adhikaari theh paadari, kuladhipati, panjiyak, ashar, sachiv, vanshavalivid, hathiyaron key raajaa, dou herauld aur chaar anuchar. inmein seey kaee karyalaya ireland key church key paadari dwara aayojit kiye gaye they, phir sthaapit church. 1871 mein church kii sthaapana key baad, church key sadasyon koo unaki mrityu taka karyalaya mein rahane kii anumati dee gaee, jaba karyalayon koo yaa tou samaapt curr diyaa gayaa yaa adhikaariyon koo niyukt karane key liye phir seey niyukt kiya gayaa. panjiyak aur shastra raajaa koo chhodkar sabhi karyalaya abb khaali hain.
paadari kaa karyalaya ireland key church mein sabse varishth paadari, aarmagh key lord archbishop dwara aayojit kiya gayaa thaa. mool kaanoonon mein paadari kaa ullekh naheen thaa, lekin kuchh hii samay baad ack warrant dwara banaaya gayaa thaa, jahira taur parr kyonki tatkalin archbishop ney pada parr niyukt honey key liye kahaa thaa. 1885 mein antim dhaarak kii mrityu key baad seey, pada khaali haye.
ireland key dusare sarvocch maulavi, doublin key lord archbishop, ney mool roop seey adesh key kuladhipati key roop mein kaary kiya. 1886 seey, yeh karyalaya ireland key mukhya sachiv key paas thaa. 1922 mein mukhya sachiv key pada key unmoolan key baad seey kuladhipati kaa pada khaali haye.
sent patrick cathedral key deane mool roop seey adesh key panjiyak they. 1890 mein, deane kii mrityu parr, jinhone vighatan key samay pada sambhala thaa, karyalaya adesh key raajaa key karyalaya seey judaa huaa thaa. yeh pada alster king off arms, ireland key mukhya heraldic adhikaari dwara aayojit kiya gayaa thaa, ack pada jise 1552 mein banaaya gayaa thaa. 1943 mein, iss pada koo dou hisson mein vibhajit kiya gayaa thaa, joe ireland sarkaar adhiniyam 1920 mein ireland key vibhajan koo darshaata haye. sthiti, jahaan taka yeh uttari ireland seey sambandhit haye, nauroy raajaa key hathiyaron key saath sanyukt thee (jiska uttar mein heraldic adhikaar kshetra thaa). nauroy aur alster raajaa kaa pada abhee bhee maujood haye, aur iss prakaar sent patrick key adesh key panjiyak aur raajaa key karyalayon koo banaae rakhna jaari haye. shastron key alster raajaa kaa karyalaya, jahan taka yeh ayrish mukt raajya (abb aadhikarik taur parr ireland kahaa jaataa haye) seey sambandhit haye, ireland key mukhya herauld kaa pada bunn gayaa.
adesh mein chhah anya heraldic adhikaari they, joe kissy bhee anya british adesh seey adhik they. inn donon herauld koo cork aur doublin herauld key roop mein jaanaa jaataa thaa. chaar anucharon mein seey teen kaa sheershak naheen thaa, chautha 1552 mein sthaapit athlon anuchar dwara aayojit kiya gayaa thaa.
adesh kaa ashar "hathiyaron mein ashar thaa jiska naam kaalaa chhad thaa. ireland mein kaale chhad kaa sajjan ashar usee naam key angreji adhikaari seey alag thaa, halanki apane samkaksh kii tarah unake paas ayrish house off lords mein kuchh kartavya they.
sachiv aur vanshavalivid key karyalaya mool roop seey ayrish house off commons key sadasyon dwara aayojit kiye jaate they. sachiv kaa pada 1926 seey khaali haye. vanshavalivid kaa pada 1885 mein khaali chhod diyaa gayaa thaa, 1889 mein bahaal kiya gayaa thaa, lekin 1930 mein phir seey khaali hoe gayaa.
vastra aur paridhan.
mahatvapurna avsaron key liye, jaise kii rajyabhishek aur order key nae sadasyon key nivesh, sent patrick key shurveeron ney vistrit vastra pahaneh
inn vishesh avsaron key alawa, bahut saral saaj-sajja kaa upayog kiya gayaa thaah
grand master kaa prateek chinh shurveeron key samaan roop aur design kaa thaa. haalaanki, 1831 mein, villium IV ney grand master koo ack taaraa aur baij prastut kiya, jisamen seey pratyek maanik, panna aur brazil key heere seey banaa thaa. inn dou prateek chinhon koo adesh key 1905 key kaanoonon mein "mukut ratna" naamit kiya gayaa thaa, aur 1907 mein jaba way paanch shurveeron key collar key saath chori kiye gaye they tou samachar patron dwara "ayrish mukut ratna" padnam parr jore diyaa gayaa thaa; way taba seey baramad naheen kiye gaye hain.
sent patrick key crum seey sambandhit kaee vastuein ireland ganarajya aur uttari ireland donon key sangrahalayon mein rakhee jaati hain. chauthe bairan clonebrock key vastra, order key 122 vein night, ireland key rashtriya sangrahalaya, doublin mein pradarshit hain; kilmore key teesare earl seey sambandhit vastra neury sangrahalaya dwara aayojit kiya jaataa haye; doublin mein rashtriya gallery aur vanshavali sangrahalaya donon mein order key sitaare hain; aur stranmillis mein alster sangrahalaya (rashtriya sangrahalayon aur uttari ireland kii gallery kaa hissa) mein pradarshan parr ack badaa sangrah aur bhandaran mein dou aavaran hain. ayrish gaard apane capstar aur aadarsh vaakya koo adesh seey lete hain.
chappel aur chancer.
order kaa chappel mool roop seey kendriya doublin mein sent patrick key cathedral mein thaa. adesh key pratyek sadasya, jisamen samprabhu bhee shamil thaa, koo chappel key gaayak mandal mein ack stall aavantit kiya gayaa thaa, jisake oopar usake (yaa usake, raani victoria key mamle mein) vanshavali upkaranon koo pradarshit kiya gayaa thaa. ack shurveer key stall key shikhar parr ack shirastraan thaa, jise aavaran seey sajaaya gayaa thaa aur usake shikhar seey sheersh parr thaa. shikhar key oopar, ghode kaa heraldic banner latka diyaa gayaa thaa, jise usake haathon key coat seey ubhara gayaa thaa. kaafee chhote paimaane parr, stall key peechhe peetal kaa ack tukada (ack "stall plate") chipkaya gayaa thaa, jisamen usake malik kaa naam, hathiyar aur adesh mein pravesh kii tarikh pradarshit kii gaee thee. ack shurveer kii mrityu parr, banner aur shikhar koo neeche utaar diyaa gayaa aur usake uttaradhikari key saath badal diyaa gayaa. 1871 mein ireland key church kii sthaapana key baad, chappel kaa upayog bund hoe gayaa; usa samay key shurveeron key heraldic upkaranon koo raani victoria key anurodh parr jagah parr chhod diyaa gayaa thaa.
adesh 1881 taka ack aupchaarik ghar key binaa thaa jaba mahaan holl mein banner, helm aur hatchment plates (stall plates key barabar, staalon kii anupasthiti mein) koo pradarshit karane kii vyavastha kii gaee thee, jise aadhikarik taur parr sent kahaa jaataa haye. patrick kaa holl, doublin mahal mein. ayrish mukt raajya kii sthaapana parr, jeevit shurveeron key banner hataa diye gaye they. 1962 mein jaba holl koo phir seey sajaaya gayaa thaa tou yeh nirnay liya gayaa thaa kii ise 1922 mein adesh key sadasyon key banners key saath latka diyaa jaanaa chaahiye. maujooda banners kii marammat kii gaee thee yaa nae banaae gaye they; yeye banner hain joe aaj dekhe jaa sakate hain. holl, jise order key saath isake judaav seey sent patrick holl kaa naam diyaa gayaa thaa, ney order key chansari key roop mein bhee kaam kiya. sthaapana samaroh, aur baad mein nivesh, aksar sent patrick key dinn, yahaan aayojit kiye jaate they, jaba taka kii way bund naheen hoe jaate they. ack sthaapana key avsar parr aksar holl mein shurveeron key liye ack bhoj aayojit kiya jaataa thaa. sent patrick holl abb ireland key rashtrapati key udghaatan key liye sthaan key roop mein kaary kartaa haye.
kaee anya british orders key vipareet, stall plate (yaa hatchment plate) order key shurveeron kaa nirantar record naheen banaate hain. 1871 seey pahale niyukt 80 yaa usase adhik shurveeron key liye kewal 34 stall platein hain (halanki anya 1940 mein aag mein nasht hoe gaye they) aur baad mein niyukt 60 shurveeron key liye 40 hatchment platein hain. stall plates key mamle mein, yeh shayed unake aakar, 30 × 36 semi (12 × 14 inch) key kaaran thaa.
vareeyata aur visheshaadhikaar.
choonki adesh key sadasyon koo shurveer honey kii aavashyakta thee, aur vyavhaar mein uchch pada thaa, isaliye sadasyata key kaee visheshadhikaron koo vivadaspad banaa diyaa gayaa thaa. shurveeron key roop mein, way apane agranamon key liye "surr" jodd sakate they, lekin iss roop kaa upayog kabhi bhee bhaashan mein naheen kiya jaataa thaa, kyonki unhein unake sahakarmi garima dwara sandarbhit kiya jaataa thaa. unhein vareeyata key crum mein pada saunpe gaye they, lekin unake samkaksh garima key aadhar parr uchch pada they.
shurveeron ney naam-pashchaat aksharon "kp" kaa upayog kiya. jaba ack vyakti kaee naam-pashchaat aksharon kaa upayog karane kaa hakdar thaa, tou "beaty" aur "bts" (baronet aur baronet), "vc" (victoria cross), "gc" (george cross), "keji" (garter kaa night) aur "ketty" (thissel kaa night) koo chhodkar anya sabhi key saamane kp dikhaai diyaa.
shurveer apani baahon koo vritt (aadarsh vaakya vaalaa ack neela vritt) aur collar key chitran key saath gher sakate they; poorv koo yaa tou baahar yaa baad vaale key oopar dikhaaya gayaa haye. collar seey latkaaya gayaa baij darshaaya gayaa haye. way vanshparamparagat samarthakon koo praapt karane key bhee hakdar they. yeh uchch visheshaadhikaar kewal shaahi parivaar key sadasyon, sathiyon, shurveeron aur garter kii mahilaaon, shurveeron aur theesl kii mahilaaon, aur junier order key shurveeron aur mahilaaon key grand cross dwara saajha kiya jaataa thaa. (beshak, sent patrick key shurveer, aam taur parr sabhi british shaahi parivaar key sadasya yaa saathi honey key kaaran, jyaadaatar kissy bhee ghatana mein samarthakon key hakdar they.)