
daur mein rangmanch

ack rangmanch, akhaada rangmanch yaa kendriya rangmanch rangmanch key liye ack sthaan haye jisamen darshak munch koo gherate hain.
pracheen rangmanch mein, vishesh roop seey grees aur rome mein, rangmanch-inn-dha-round aam thaa, lekin 20veen shatabdi key uttaraardh taka vyaapak roop seey phir seey naheen khoja gayaa thaa.
washington key ciatal mein glain hyooj painthouse theatre sanyukt raajya america mein banaaya gayaa pahala theatre-inn-dha-round sthal thaa. yeh pahali baar 19 maee, 1940 koo natakkar phillip bairi dwara ack comedy "spring dance" key nirmaan key saath khola gayaa thaa. 160 seeton vaalaa theatre seatle mein washington vishvavidyalaya key parisar mein sthit haye aur aitihaasik sthaanon key rashtriya register parr haye.
1947 mein, margo johns ney america kii pahali peshevar theatre-inn-dha-round company kii sthaapana kii jaba unhone dallas mein apana theatre '47 khola.
margo johns dwara vikasit munch design kaa upayog baad key varshon mein nirdeshakon dwara tonny puraskar vijeta sangeetmay "funn home", "maine off laa mancha" key mool munch nirmaan aur sabhi natakon kaa manchan kiya gayaa thaa, jisamen arther miller kii aatmakathaatmak "patan key baad" shamil thee. iss tarah key theatre pahale colleges mein maujood they, lekin lagbhag dou sahasraabdiyon seey peshevar sthaanon mein naheen they. yeh ack lokpriya vyavastha bhee haye jiska upayog ack akhaade yaa stadium kii setting mein samkaaleen popp sangeet karyakramon mein kiya jaataa haye.
round mein theatre bertolt breakt key "algaav prabhaav" kaa upayog karke natakon key manchan key liye ack vishesh roop seey upayukt setting haye, joe naatak mein adhik paaramparik "stanislovsky takneek" key virodh mein khadaa haye. jabaki abhinay kaa stanislovsky school darshakon koo apane paatron key vishvaas mein itani gaharaai seey dubone kaa prayaas kartaa haye kii way khud koo charitra key roop mein kalpana curr sakate hain, brectian "algaav prabhaav" jaanboojhkar darshakon koo yaad dilaane kii koshish kartaa haye kii yeh ack kaalpanik pratinidhitva haye. algaav takneekon mein sett key chaaron or takhtiyon yaa posters koo pradarshit karane key roop mein spasht ranneeti shamil hain. rangmanch key saath, kewal darshakon koo rotion rakhate hue taaki pratyek darshak sadasya koo lagaatar pataa chaley kii baaki darshak ack algaav takneek key roop mein kaary curr sakate hain.
stage configuration.
munch hamesha kendra mein hotaa haye aur darshakon koo sabhi taraf vyavasthit kiya jaataa haye, aur yeh aamtaur parr aaytaakaar, golakar, heera yaa trikoniya hotaa haye. abhineta vibhinn dishaaon seey yaa munch key neeche seey darshakon key madhyam seey pravesh curr sakate hain aur baahar nickle sakate hain. munch aamtaur parr "gaddhe" yaa "akhaade" key gathan mein darshakon key saath yaa usase neeche ack samaan star parr hotaa haye.
yeh vinyas uchch-oorjaa prastutiyon aur kissy bhee aisee cheez key liye khud koo udhaar detaa haye jisamen darshakon kii bhagidari kii aavashyakta hoti haye. ise shaastriya rangmanch key nirmaataon dwara pasand kiya jaataa haye aur yeh adhik samanya rangbhoomi praarup key liye ack rachanaatmak vikalp key roop mein jaari haye.
vaastav mein, rangmanch-inn-dha-round chauthi deewaar koo hataa detaa haye aur abhineta koo darshakon key samaan sthaan parr laataa haye. yeh aksar rangmanch yaa antim munch parr prashikshit abhinetaon key liye samasyagrast hotaa haye, jinhen sikhaaya jaataa haye kii unhein kabhi bhee darshakon kii or peeth naheen modani chaahiye, kuchh aisaa joe iss praarup mein apariharya haye. haalaanki, yeh darshakon key saath majboot aur seedhe judaav kii anumati detaa haye.
iska upayog taba bhee kiya jaataa haye jaba gair-paaramparik sthaanon jaise restaraan, saarvajanik kshetron jaise melon yaa tyohaaron yaa sadak rangmanch mein naatya pradarshan prastut kiye jaate hain. sett design aksar nyuntam hotaa haye taaki pradarshan key baare mein darshakon key drishtikon koo aspasht naa kiya jaa sakey.
itihas.
pracheen rangmanch mein, vishesh roop seey grees aur rome mein, rangmanch-inn-dha-round aam thaa, lekin 20veen shatabdi key uttaraardh taka vyaapak roop seey phir seey naheen khoja gayaa thaa.
margo johns key theatre-inn-dha-round key sarvekshan mein, sanyukt raajya america mein kendriya munch key pahale dou sroton kii pehchaan unhone 1914 seey kolambiya vishvavidyalaya mein ezuba latham aur milton smith dwara prastut kiye gaye they, aur tii. 1922 mein brigham yuva vishvavidyalaya mein earl parado kii prastutiyaan.
1924 mein, gillmore braun ney pasadena, california mein fair oaks playbox kii sthaapana kii, joe anya munch vinyason key alawa kendriya munch key ack mahatvapurna praarambhik abhyaskarta they, joe lacheele munch key aagaman mein agrani they. jaisa kii johns ney sanket diyaa haye, melle key oaks playbox key kendriya roop seey prastutiyon key baad lagbhag aathh saal baad unake seatle painthouse mein glain hyooj kaa kaam kiya gayaa.
stephen joseph 1950 key dashak mein sanyukt raajya america seey sanyukt raajya mein roop koo lokpriya banaane vaale pahale vyakti they aur unhone nucasal-under-lime mein theatre aur scarbero mein studio theatre sthaapit kiya. 1996 mein khola gayaa vartamaan rangmanch, stephen joseph rangmanch key roop mein jaanaa jaataa haye. joseph koo ack baar alankaarik roop seey poochha gayaa thaa, "adhikaariyon koo deewaar parr apani peeth key saath kyon khadaa honah chaahiye?"unakaa jawab thaah" isaliye koee bhee unhein peechhe seey chaku naheen maar sakata."
saim walters ney 1970 key dashak kii shuruat mein landan key richmond mein orange tree pub key oopar kii manjil parr ack twarit pradarshan sthaan sthaapit kiya aur baad mein sadak key paar ack sthaayi orange tree theatre mein chaley gaye.
1972 mein, aar. jee. gregory ney vishesh roop seey theatre-inn-dha-round mein kaam karane key liye ingland mein dorset mein word aind action theatre company kii sthaapana kii. gregory ney ack aisaa vyaakaran banaane kii maang kii joe abhinetaon koo vyaktiyon key roop mein aur ack saamoohik key roop mein darshakon key saath judane kii roop kii kshamata koo adhikatam karane mein saksham banaae. sabhi shabd aur action prastutiyaan samanya prakaash kii sthiti mein, binaa veshbhusha yaa makeup key kii gaee theen.
television aur sangeet karyakram holl mein upayog kiya jaataa haye.
1950 mein jaba unhone television key liye apana "cameo theatre" banaaya, tou margo johns key navacharon kaa albert mcclary parr spasht prabhaav padaa. 1955 taka jaari rahane key baad, mcclary ney ack sett kii divaaron key bajaay shuddh kaali prishthabhoomi key khilaf dekhe jaane vaale natakon kii peshkash kii. isane andhere mein camers koo kissy bhee sthiti seey shott lene mein saksham banaaya.
richard nixon kii 1968 yuu.aiss. rashtrapati abhiyaan ney ack abhootpoorv theatre-inn-dha-round praarup kaa upayog karke nau live television prashn aur uttar satron kaa manchan kiya, joe ack live television darshakon key liye anukoolit thaa. pahali baar staging device kaa upayog pustak mein yaad kiya gayaa thaa, joe mackinis dwara "dha selling off dha president 1968". inn nixon "maine inn dha erena" karyakramon key nirmaata roser iles they, joe baad mein fox news shuru karane gaye. ummidwar manchon key liye theatre-inn-dha-round praarup kaa iles kaa navachar aadhunik "town holl" ummidwar praarupon aur yahaan taka kii kaee-ummidwar bahason key liye khaaka bunn gayaa.
alvis presley kaa '68 vaapsee vishesh' tv karyakram ack oonche munch kaa upayog karate hue baithe sangeetkaron key saath prastut kiya gayaa thaa.
jaba 1970 key dashak key madhya mein unake tour manager zim hailey dwara pragatisheel-rock samooh key liye ack akhaade key manchan kii kalpana kii gaee thee, tou isane rock sangeet karyakramon aur sthaan baithane kii vyavastha koo phir seey design karane key liye prerit kiya.
daur kii rajneeti.
rangmanch kii rajneeti kaa sabse adhik jaanboojhkar aar. jee. gregory dwara anveshan kiya gayaa thaa. unake vichaar mein ack praseniyam kamaan kaa prakaashit sthaan shakti kii seat key anuroop haye; darshak nishkriya praaptakartaon kii bhoomika koo apanaate hain. paaramparik rangmanch design mein, yeh sunishchit karane key liye kii abhineta ack hii samay mein darshakon key pratyek sadasya koo sanlagn curr sakey, drishti rekhaaon key saath adhikatam dhyaan rakhaa jaataa haye.
haalaanki, ack baar mehrab key chitra frame seey hataae jaane key baad, abhineta darshakon key kuchh sadasyon seey apani peeth ferne key liye majboor hoe jaate hain aur isaliye aavashyak roop seey abhinay sthaan kii vishesh kamaan khou dete hain. darshakon key sabhi sadasya abhineta koo dekh sakate hain, lekin abhineta abb una sabhi koo naheen dekh sakata haye. iss bindu parr, naatak key kaary karane key liye, darshakon koo swayam pradarshan key arth key pramukh vaahak banane kii anumati dee jaani chaahiye.
kuchh, jaise lekhak kii vishishtata, ney paaramparik prasaran aur vipanan chainalon kii tulanaa mein internet-adharit sanchaar key network prabhaav key saath theatre-inn-dha-round key praathamik gatishilata key baare mein gregory key vivaran key beach ack karibi saadrishya parr jore diyaa haye.
akhaada munch sangrah.
fairfax, virginia mein george messon vishvavidyalaya sabse badey akhaade key munch sangrah kaa ghar haye aur isamen rangmanch key 50 saal key itihas kii samagri shamil haye. sangrah mein photograph, production notebook, scrapbook, playbill, maukhik itihas aur hastalikhit patrachar shamil hain. unaki website key anusaar, kull matra yaa raikhik haye aur ise fenwick pustakalaya mein rakhaa gayaa haye.