
vidyut pratibadha myography

vidyut pratibadha myography, yaa imm, maanspeshiyon key swaasthya key mulyankan key liye ack gair-aakramak takneek haye joe vyaktigat maanspeshiyon yaa maanspeshiyon key samoohon kii vidyut pratibadha visheshtaon key maap parr adharit haye. tantrika-peshi rogon key mulyankan key uddeshya seey unake nidan aur pragati key unake chala rahey mulyankan yaa chikitsiya hastakshep key liye takneek kaa upayog kiya gayaa haye. maanspeshiyon kii sanrachana aur sookshm sanrachana roga key saath badalati haye, aur roga vikriti key parinamswarup honey vaale pratibadha mein parivartan koo maapati haye. ack 501 (see) (3) gair-laabhkaari sangathan, joe upchaar aur upchaar kii khoj koo gati dene key liye samarpit haye, dwara puraskar 4 life dwara vishesh roop seey ack anya biomarker (jise javic sahsambandh yaa surrogate endupvient key roop mein bhee jaanaa jaataa haye) key roop mein apani kshamata key liye maanyata dee gaee haye. $1 million kii biomarker chunauti ack biomarker kii sateek aur vishvasaniya pehchaan karane parr kendrit thee joe charan II dawa parikshanon koo aadhe mein kaatane key liye paryaapt thee. puraskar dow. beth israel mein neurology vibhaag mein neurosmuscular roga key vibhaag key pramukh, beth israel mein neurology vibhaag key professor aur harvard medical school mein neurology key professor, seaward rutkov ney imm kii takneek aur isake vishisht anuprayog koo vikasit karane mein apane kaam key liye. yeh ummeed kii jaati haye kii ack biomarker key roop mein aaee. aim. key parinamswarup anya key liye nae upchaaron kii adhik teji seey aur kushal pehchaan hogi. imm ney vibhinn prakaar kii tantrika-peshi sthitiyon mein roga kii sthiti key prati samvedansheelta dikhaai haye, jisamen radiculopathy, soojan vaali myopathy, dukene muscular dystrophy aur reedh kii huddy kii muscular atrophy shamil hain.
tantrika-peshi roga key mulyankan key alawa, imm mein maanspeshiyon kii sthiti key ack suvidhajanak aur samvedansheel upaay key roop mein kaam karane kii sambhavana bhee haye. umr badhane vaali aabaadi aur huddy kii choton vaale vyaktiyon mein kaam karna ingit kartaa haye kii imm maanspeshiyon key kshay aur anupayukt honey key prati bahut samvedansheel haye aur isake vipareet maanspeshiyon kii sthiti aur atee-vikriti key prati samvedansheel honey kii sambhavana haye. antim antariksh shuttle mission (sts-135) parr savaar choohon key adhyayan sahit choohe aur choohon key model parr kaam karane seey iss sambhaavit moolya kii pushti karane mein madad millie haye.
antarnihit avadhaaranaaen.
vidyut pratibadha mein ruchi 20veen shatabdi key anta taka haye, jaba shareer vigyaani luis lapic ney tantrika koshikaon kii jhilli key model key liye ack praathamik paripath koo sthaapit kiya thaa. vaigyaanikon ney 1940 taka iss model parr bhinnataon key saath prayog kiya, jaba keneth coley ney ack circuit model vikasit kiya joe koshika jhilli aur antahkoshikiya drav donon key pratibadha gunon key liye jimmedaar thaa.
sabhi pratibadha-adharit vidhiyon kii tarah, ack aar. see. paripath key roop mein maanspeshiyon key ootak key ack saralikrit model parr tikaa huaa haye. yeh model paripath key pratirodhi ghatak koo baahya koshikiya aur antahkoshikiya taral padarthon key pratirodh aur pratikriyaasheel ghatak koo koshika jhilli key sandharitra prabhaavon key liye shreya detaa haye. vyaktigat koshika jhilli kii akhandata kaa ootak kii pratibadha parr mahatvapurna prabhaav padata haye; isaliye, roga kii pragati mein ootak key ksharan koo maapane key liye ack manspeshi kii pratibadha kaa upayog kiya jaa sakata haye. tantrika-peshi roga mein, vibhinn prakaar key kaarak maanspeshiyon key sanrachanaatmak aur sookshm sanrachanaatmak pahaluon koo prabhaavit curr sakate hain, jinamen sabse vishesh roop seey maanspeshiyon key fiber atrophy aur avyavasthit honah, vasaa aur sanyoji ootakon kaa jamaav, jaisa kii maanspeshiyon key dystrophy mein hotaa haye, aur soojan kii upasthiti, kaee anya vikritiyon key beach. imm ootak mein inn parivartanon koo kaee aavrittiyon mein aur pramukh maanspeshiyon key fiber kii disha key saapeksh kaee konon parr isaki pratibadha visheshtaon koo mapkar samagr roop seey pakadata haye.
imm mein, pratibadha koo pratirodh aur pratikriya mein vibhajit kiya jaataa haye, isake vaastavik aur kaalpanik ghatak. isase, koee bhee manspeshi key charan kii ganana curr sakata haye, joe usa samay-parivartan kaa pratinidhitva kartaa haye jisase ack signsoid maanspeshiyon seey gujarate samay gujarta haye. diye gaye pratirodh (r) aur abhikriya (x) key liye, charan (θ) kii ganana kii jaa sakati haye. vartamaan kaary mein, sabhi teen mapdand mahatvapurna bhoomika nibhaate dikhaai dete hain joe iss baat parr nirbhar kartaa haye kii kinn beemariyon kaa adhyayan kiya jaa rhaa haye aur praudyogiki koo kaise lagu kiya jaa rhaa haye.
imm twacha kii motai aur maanspeshiyon key ack kshetra parr upcharm vasaa seey bhee prabhaavit hoe sakata haye. haalaanki, electrode design banaae jaa sakate hain joe prabhaav koo kaafee hudd taka darkinar curr sakate hain aur iss prakaar abhee bhee praathamik maanspeshiyon kaa detta pradaan karate hain. isake alawa, bahu aavritti maap kaa upayog maanspeshiyon seey vasaa key prabhaavon koo alag karane kii iss prakriya mein bhee sahaayata curr sakata haye. iss jaankaari seey, kissy diye gaye kshetra mein maanspeshiyon key oopar vasaa kii anumaanit matra kaa anuman lagaana/ganana karna bhee sambhav hoe jaataa haye.
bahu aavritti maap.
pratirodh aur pratikriya donon sanket kii input aavritti parr nirbhar karate hain. kyonki aavritti mein parivartan pratirodh (drav) aur pratikriya (jhilli) key saapeksh yogdan koo pratibadha mein badal dete hain, bahu aavritti imm roga key adhik vyaapak mulyankan kii anumati dey sakata haye. swasth aur rogagrast samoohon key beach aavritti nirbharta mein antar koo pradarshit karane key liye pratirodh, pratikriya yaa charan koo aavritti key kaary key roop mein plot kiya jaa sakata haye. rogagrast maanspeshiyaan badhati aavritti key saath pratikriya aur charan mein vriddhi pradarshit karati hain, jabaki pratikriya aur swasth maanspeshiyon key charan moolyon mein aavritti key saath 50-100 kz taka vriddhi hoti haye, jiss bindu parr way aavritti key kaary key roop mein cumm honah shuru hoe jaate hain. 500 heartz seey 2 heartz taka kii aavrittiyon kaa upayog kissy dee gaee manspeshi key liye aavritti spectrum nirdhaarit karane key liye kiya jaataa haye.
maanspeshiyon kaa anisotropy.
maanspeshiyon key ootak kii vidyut pratibadha anisotropic haye; maanspeshiyon key tantuon key samanantar bahane vaali dhaara tantuon mein orthogonally roop seey bahane vaali dhaara seey alag hoti haye. ack manspeshi mein orthogonally roop seey bahane vaali dhaara adhik koshika jhilli kaa saamana karati haye, iss prakaar pratirodh, pratikriya aur charan moolyon mein vriddhi hoti haye. maanspeshiyon key tantuon key sambandh mein vibhinn konon parr maap laker, kissy dee gaee maanspeshiyon kii anisotropy koo nirdhaarit karane key liye imm kaa upayog kiya jaa sakata haye. anisotropy koo yaa tou ack graph plotting pratirodh, pratikriya, yaa charan key roop mein maanspeshiyon key tantuon kii disha key sambandh mein konn key kaary key roop mein yaa ack diye gaye pratibadha kaarak key anudairdhya maap (maanspeshiyon key tantuon key samanantar) key anuprasth (tantuon key lambavat) maap key anupaat key roop mein dikhaaya jaataa haye.
snaayu anisotropy bhee tantrika-peshi roga key saath badalati haye. imm ney tantrika-peshi roga key rogiyon key anisotropy profile aur swasth niyantranon key beach antar dikhaaya haye. isake alawa, imm myopathic aur neurogenic roga key beach bhedbhaav karane key liye anisotropy kaa upayog curr sakata haye. tantrika-peshi roga key vibhinn roopon mein advitiya anisotropy hoti haye. myopathic roga kii visheshta cumm anisotropy haye. neurogenic roga cumm anumaanit anisotropy paida kartaa haye. sabse nichale charan key konn koo samanantar sthiti seey sthanantarit kiya jaa sakata haye, aur samagr roop seey anisotropy aksar ack swasth niyantran kii tulanaa mein adhik hoti haye.
maap drishtikon.
samanya taur parr, takneek koo lagu karane key liye, ruchi kii maanspeshiyon key oopar cumm seey cumm chaar satah electrode rakhe jaate hain. ack minut kii vaikalpik dhaara koo baahari dou electrode parr lagu kiya jaataa haye, aur voltage sanket aantarik electrode dwara darj kiye jaate hain. lagu dhaara kii aavritti aur pramukh manspeshi fiber disha key liye electrode sarani kaa sambandh vividh haye taaki maanspeshiyon kaa ack poorna bahu aavritti aur bahudishaatmak mulyankan praapt kiya jaa sakey.
imm koo kaee alag-alag pratibadha vishleshan upkaranon key saath kiya gayaa haye. jaiv-pratibadha vishleshan key liye upayog kii jaane vaali vyaavsaayik roop seey upalabdh pranaliyon koo vyaktigat maanspeshiyon kii pratibadha koo maapane key liye calibrate kiya jaa sakata haye. ack upayukt pratibadha vishleshak koo sanket aur cumm kshamata vaali jaanch, jaise kii tectronics pee6243 kaa utpaadan karane key liye ack lock-inn emplifier kaa upayog karke anukoolit kiya jaa sakata haye, taaki satah key electrode seey voltage record kiya jaa sakey.
haalaanki, iss tarah key tareeke dheemi aur avyavasthit hain, kyonki ruchi kii maanspeshiyon parr saavdhaanipoorvak electrode kii sthiti aur electrode key galat sanrekhan aur ashuddhata kii kshamata koo dekhate hue ise lagu kiya jaataa haye. tadnusar, ack electrode haid key saath kaee ghatakon kaa upayog karke ack praarambhik haath seey pakadane vaali pranali kaa nirmaan kiya gayaa thaa jise seedhe rogi parr rakhaa jaa sakata thaa. iss upkaran mein electrode plates kii ack shrinkhala thee, jise manmaane dhang seey abhivinyas mein pratibadha maap karane key liye chuninda roop seey sakriya kiya jaa sakata thaa. ausiloscope koo ack yaugik signsoid sanket kaa utpaadan karane key liye prograam kiya gayaa thaa, jiska upayog ack tej fourier parivartan key madhyam seey ack saath kaee aavrittiyon parr pratibadha koo maapane key liye kiya jaa sakata thaa.
jaba seey vaha praarambhik pranali banaai gaee thee, anya hastchaalit vaanijyik pranaaliyan vikasit kii jaa rahee hain, jaise kii murtikala, donon tantrika-peshi roga mulyankan aur fitness nigrani key liye, jisamen maanspeshiyon kii gunavatta (yaa mq) moolya kii ganana shamil haye. iss baad key moolya kaa uddeshya ootak key diye gaye cross-sectional kshetra key liye maanspeshiyon kii saapeksh bull-utpann karane kii kshamata kaa anumaanit mulyankan pradaan karna haye. udaaharan key liye, maanspeshiyon kii gunavatta, sarcopania key mulyankan mein upayog kiya jaane vaalaa ack upaay haye.
maanak jaiv vidyut pratibadha vishleshan key saath tulanaa.
maanak jaiv vidyut pratibadha vishleshan (bee. aaee. aeye.), jaise kii ee. aaee. aim., maanav shareer kii visheshtaon koo maapane key liye ack kamjor, uchch aavritti vidyut pravaah koo bhee niyojit kartaa haye. maanak biyaa mein, ee. aaee. aim. key vipareet, haath aur pairon parr rakhe gaye electrode key beach vidyut pravaah paarit kiya jaataa haye, aur poore vartamaan path kii pratibadha visheshtaon koo maapa jaataa haye. iss prakaar, maapi gaee pratibadha visheshataaen apekshaakrit gair-vishisht hain kyonki way shareer key adhikansh hisson koo shamil karati hain jisamen angon kii poori lambai, chhaati, pett aur shroni shamil hain; tadnusar, kewal dubale shareer key dravyamaan aur% vasaa key poore shareer key upaayon kaa saransh diyaa jaa sakata haye. isake alawa, biyaa mein, dhaara cumm seey cumm pratirodh key maarg kii yatra karati haye, aur iss prakaar vartamaan path koo badalane vaale koee bhee kaarak detta mein parivartansheelta kaa kaaran banenge. udaaharan key liye, badey jahaajon kaa vistaar (ee.jee., nasein) badhate jall-sandhaaran key saath ack cumm-pratirodh maarg pradaan karegi, aur iss prakaar parinami detta koo vikrit karegi. isake alawa, pett kii samagri mein parivartan isi tarah detta koo badal dega. shareer kii sthiti kaa bhee paryaapt prabhaav hoe sakata haye, sanyukt sthiti detta mein bhinnata mein yogdan detee haye. isake vipareet, kewal vyaktigat maanspeshiyon key satahi pahaluon koo maapata haye aur shareer yaa anga kii sthiti yaa jall-sandhaaran sthiti seey apekshaakrit aprabhaavit haye. ammy aur maanak biyaa key beach key antar kaa udaaharan amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (aeye. ell. aiss.) mein ack adhyayan mein diyaa gayaa thaa, jisamen dikhaaya gayaa thaa kii ammy 60 rogiyon mein pragati koo prabhaavi dhang seey track karane mein saksham thaa, jabaki biyaa naheen thaa.