
maria dee laas mercedez barbudo

maria dee laas mercedez barbudo (1773-17 farwari, 1849) ack puerto rican raajneetik karyakarta, dweep mein pahali mahila "independentista" aur ack "swatantrata senani" theen. usa samay, puerto rican swatantrata andolan key sambandh saiman bolivar key netritva mein venezuel key vidrohiyon key saath they.
praarambhik varsh.
barbudo (janm naam maria dee laas mercedes barbudo vaaee coronado) puerto rico kii rajdhani saine juan mein ack spanish pitaa, domingo barbudo aur puerto rican maan, bellen coronado key chaar bhaai-bahanon mein seey ack they. unake pitaa spanish senaa mein ack adhikaari they. ack sainya adhikaari kii betty honey kaa laabh yeh thaa kii vaha shiksha praapt curr sakati thee aur kitaaben khareed sakati thee. vaha dweep kii una kuchh mahilaaon mein seey ack theen jinhone padhana seekha kyonki usa samay, kewal way loga jinake paas pustakalayon taka pahunch thee aur joe kitaaben khareed sakate they, unhein yaa tou spanish sarkari adhikaari yaa ameer bhoomi malik niyukt kiya gayaa thaa. garib maukhik kahani kahane parr nirbhar they, jise paaramparik roop seey puerto rico mein "coplas" aur "decimas" key roop mein jaanaa jaataa haye."sushikshit, barbudo koo rajneeti aur samajik sakriyata mein ruchi hoe gaee.
raajneetik karyakarta.
ack yuva mahila key roop mein, barbudo ney saine juan mein ack silai saman kii dukaan kii sthaapana kii, joe button, dhaage aur kapadon kii bikri mein visheshagyata rakhta thaa. antatah vaha ack vyaktigat rinn pradaata key roop mein safal hoe gaeen. unhone joaquin power vaaee morgan key saath vyaavsaayik roop seey kaam kiya, ack apravasi joe puerto rico mein company dee asciento dee nigros key pratinidhi key roop mein aaya thaa, joe dweep parr daas vyaapaar koo niyantrit kartaa thaa.
barbudo pramukh halakon mein chaley gaye, jisamen kaptan ramon power vaaee giralt (joaquin kaa betaa), bishap juan alejo dee arizmendi aur kalakar jose campeche jaise ullekhaniya nagrik shamil they. unakaa munn udaar thaa aur iss tarah way aksar apane ghar mein buddhijiviyon key saath baithaken karati theen. unhone puerto rico aur samanya roop seey spanish samrajya kii raajneetik, samajik aur aarthik sthiti parr charcha kii, aur logon kii bhalai mein sudhaar key liye samadhan prastaavit kiye.
simone bolivar aur brigadier general antonio velero dee bernabe, jinhen "puerto rico seey muktidata" key roop mein jaanaa jaataa haye, ney puerto rico aur cuba sahit ack ekikrit lattin america banaane kaa sapana dekhaa. barbudo bolivar seey prerit thee; usane dweep key liye swatantrata key vichaar kaa samarthan kiya aur seekha kii bolivar koo lattin america key sabhi nae swatantra ganrajyon key beach ack americi shally kaa sangh sthaapit karane kii ummeed thee. vaha vyaktigat adhikaaron koo badhaava denaa bhee chaahte they. unhone kaee venezuel key krantikariyon seey dosti kii aur unhein likhaa, unamen seey jose maria rojas, jinake saath vaha niyamit roop seey patrachar karati theen. unhein venezuela seey patrikaaen aur samachar patra bhee praapt hue jinhone bolivar key aadarshon koo barkarar rakhaa.
binaa jamaanat yaa mukadame key rakhaa gayaa.
governor miguel day laa torre key tahat puerto rico mein spanish adhikaariyon koo barbudo aur venezuel key vidrohi guton key beach patrachar parr sandeh thaa. spanish sarkaar key gupt agents ney usake kuchh mell koo rokkar governor dee laa torre koo bhej diyaa. unhone jaanch kaa adesh diyaa aur unake mell koo jabt curr liya. sarkaar kaa maanana thaa kii patrachar bolivarian aadarshon key prachaar key roop mein kaary kartaa haye aur yeh puerto rickens koo unaki swatantrata kii talash mein prerit karane kaa bhee kaam karega.
governor miguel day laa torre ney iss aarop parr unaki giraftari kaa adesh diyaa kii unhone puerto rico mein spanish sarkaar koo ukhaad fenkane kii yojana banaai thee. barbudo koo castillo (kilaa) dee saine christobal mein binaa jamaanat key rakhaa gayaa thaa, kyonki dweep mein mahilaaon key liye jail naheen thee. spanish adhikaariyon ney unake khilaf joe saboot prastut kiye, unamen 1 octuber, 1824 kaa ack patra thaa, jisamen unhone unhein bataaya thaa kii venezuelan vidrohiyon ney sent thomas key dennish dweep mein puerto rican swatantrata andolan key saath apana pramukh sampark khou diyaa thaa aur isaliye venezuelan vidrohiyon aur puerto rican swatantrata andolan key netaaon key beach maujood gupt sanchaar kii khoj honey kaa khatra thaa.
22 octuber, 1824 koo barbudo ack magistrate key saamane sunavaai mein pesh hue. sarkaar ney unake vibhinn patron key khilaf sakshya key roop mein prastut kiya jisamen roja key paanch patra, samachar patra "ell observador caracino" key dou ank shamil they; samachar patra "ell kometa" kii dou pratiyaan, aur samachar patra "allutional caracino" aur "alombiano" kii ack-ack prati, joe bolivar key aadarshon key prati sahaanubhooti rakhate they. yeh poochhe jaane parr kii kyaa vaha patrachar koo pehchaanati haye, usane sakaratmak jawab diyaa aur kissy bhee adhik prashn kaa uttar dene seey incar curr diyaa. sarkaar ney poore dweep mein vitarit kiye jaane vaale vibhinn rajshahi virodhi prachaar parche bhee sakshya key roop mein prastut kiye. barbudo koo doshi paaya gayaa.
nirvaasan aur venezuela mein palayan.
governor dee laa torre ney abhiyojak francisco marcos santella seey paramarsh kiya kii barbudo key saath kyaa kiya jaanaa chaahiye. santella ney sujhaav diyaa kii usey puerto rico seey nirvaasit kiya jaae aur cuba bheja jaae. 23 octuber, 1824 koo, dee laa torre ney adesh diyaa kii barbudo koo kaptan pedro dee loyjaga kii hirasat mein castillo dee saine christobal mein nazarband kiya jaae. agale dinn barbudo ney rajyapal koo patra likhaa, jisamen cuba mein nirvaasit honey seey pahale apane vittiya aur vyaktigat daayitvon kii vyavastha karane mein saksham honey key liye kahaa gayaa. rajyapal ney usake anurodh koo aswikar curr diyaa aur 28 octuber koo usey jahaaj "ell marinero" parr rakhaa gayaa.
cuba mein, unhein ack sanstha mein rakhaa gayaa thaa jisamen vibhinn apraadhon kii aaropi mahilaaon koo rakhaa gayaa thaa. krantikari guton kii madad seey barbudo bhaag gayaa aur sant thomas dweep chalaa gayaa. vaha antatah venezuela mein laa guaira pahunchi jahan usaki dost jose maria rojas usase millie. way caracas gaye jahan unaki mulakat bolivar seey hui. barbudo ney bolivar key mantrimandal key sadasyon key saath ack ghanishth sambandh sthaapit kiya jisamen jose maria vargas shamil they. baad mein way venezuela key chauthe rashtrapati chune gaye. unhone cabinet key saath milkar kaam kiya.
viraasat aur sammaan.
barbudo ney kabhi shaadi naheen kii aur naa hii unake koee bachche they aur naa hii way puerto rico laut aae. 17 farwari, 1849 koo unaki mrityu hoe gaee. unhein saiman bolivar key buggle mein caracas key cathedral mein dafnaya gayaa thaa. cathedral mein antarvirodh ack sammaan thaa joe aamtaur parr kewal church padanukram aur bahut ameer logon key liye aarakshit thaa.
1996 mein, unake baare mein ack vrittachitra banaaya gayaa thaa jiska sheershak thaa "camino sinn retorno, ell destirro dee maria dee laas mercedez barbudo" (koee vaapsee naheen, maria dee laas mercedez barbudo kaa nirvaasan). iska nirmaan aur nirdeshan sonia fritz ney kiya thaa.
bhee dekhein.
19veen shatabdi kii puerto rican swatantrata andolan kii mahila netaayen
puerto rican rashtravadi party kii mahila sadasya
 puerto rican swatantrata andolan seey sambandhit lekh