thomas randolf, morey kaa pahala earl

thomas randolf, earl off morey (see. 1285 20 julaai 1332) scotland kii swatantrata key yuddhon mein ack sanic aur rajanyik they, jinhone baad mein scotland key rajpratinidhi key roop mein kaary kiya. vaha robert dha broose kaa bhatija thaa, jisane usey morey key pahale earl key roop mein banaaya thaa. vaha angreji seey edinberg mahal parr safaltapurvak kabja karane key liye jaanaa jaataa thaa, aur vaha arbroth kii ghoshana key hastaksharkartaon mein seey ack thaa.
praarambhik jeevan.
thomas ack anya thomas kaa betaa thaa, joe scotland kaa chamberlain aur roxberg kaa sheriff thaa, aur randluff yaa ranalf kaa potaa thaa jisane parivaar koo apana upnaam diyaa thaa. yeh gyaat haye kii chhota thomas raajaa robert dha broose kaa bhatija thaa, usaki maan robert kii badee sauteli bahan kilkankhar kii martha thee. paaramparik drishtikon yeh haye kii vaha caric kii marjori kii pahali shaadi kii thee, joe apani doosari shaadi seey robbert dha broose kii maan thee. aisaa anuman lagaaya gayaa haye kii raajaa key pitaa robbert ney marjori kii mrityu key baad phir seey shaadi kii aur unaki doosari patni key saath ack betty, isabelle thee, jisane badey thomas seey shaadi kii; haalaanki, kyonki kaarik kii marjori kii mrityu 1292 taka naheen hui thee aur thomas chhota 1292 mein johnn balliol key rajyabhishek key samay thaa, yeh asambhav haye. randolf kii janm tithi kaa koee record naheen haye. halanki scots peerej key lekhak ney anuman lagaaya kii randolf kii janm tithi 1278 thee, unaki daadi kaa janm 1253 yaa 1256 mein huaa thaa, aur yeh sambhavana naheen haye kii unakaa janm taba huaa thaa jaba unaki daadi apane shuruati biss mein theen. isaliye usa tarikh parr sawal uthaaye jaane chaahiye. thomas kii maan, kilkonkhar kii martha, kaa janm 1270 mein caric kii countess key robbert dee brus seey shaadi karane seey pahale huaa thaa, isaliye, yeh adhik sambhavana haye kii thomas kaa janm 1285 key aspas huaa thaa.
swatantrata kaa yuddh.
thomas ney simhaasan parr baithane key prayaas mein robbert kaa samarthan kiya aur 1306 mein apane chaacha key rajyabhishek key samay upasthit they. unhein shayed taba yaa usake kuchh hii samay baad raajaa dwara night kii upaadhi dee gaee thee. methwen kii ladaai mein scotish haar key baad, unhein angrejon dwara bandee banaa liya gayaa, pahale surr addam gorden aur phir linken key earl kii hirasat mein aaa gayaa. apane karawas key dauran, vaha angreji key kaaran mein shamil hoe gaye, aur 1307 mein surr james dugglus dwara pakade jaane taka unase judey rahey, aur unhein scotish paksh mein phir seey shamil honey key liye raaji kiya. unakaa dalbadal ingland key edward dwiteeya key dhyaan mein aaya, jinhone apani sabhi bhoomi koo jabt curr liya, unhein apane pasandida hugg leey despensor parr saunp diyaa.
1312 mein raajaa robbert pratham ney usey morr key earl kaa nirmaan kiya, aur vaha scotland key uttar mein ack badey hisse kaa shaasak bunn gayaa, joe usaki dakshini sampatti seey kaheen adhik thaa. usey manushya key dweep kaa swami bhee banaaya gayaa thaa; redendon yaa charter key anusaar yeh 26 patvaaron key chhah jahaajon aur 100 merck key moolya key badale mein thaa. iss samay key aspas vaha robbert key sabse bharosemand leftinents mein seey ack bunn gaye, aur aisaa lagata haye kii way apane adhikansh abhiyaanon mein unake saath they. unaki sabse prasiddh upalabdhi 14 march 1314 koo thee jaba unhone edinberg mahal parr ack sahsi hamla kiya thaa. yeh scotland mein mutthi bhar mahalon mein seey ack thaa joe abhee bhee angreji haathon mein thaa, aur ack spasht roop seey asthir chattan key oopar khadaa thaa. morey key logon mein villium francis they, joe mahal key ack poorv governor key bete they, joe chattan key oopar ack gupt maarg key baare mein jaanate they. morey ney mahal taka pahunchane key liye iss raaste kaa upayog kiya, aur ise safaltapurvak scots key liye phir seey leey liya.
morey ney bannockburn kii ladaai mein scotish jeet mein ack mahatvapurna bhoomika nibhai, jahan unhone paidal senaa key teen divisions (shiltron) mein seey ack kii kamaan sambhali, anya kii kamaan raajaa robbert aur raajaa key bhaai edward broose ney sambhali. haalaanki, kaee itihaskaron ney johnn barber key kaam kaa hawala dete hue tark diyaa kii chaar shiltron they, jinamen seey ack kii kamaan james dugglus aur walter stevert ney sambhali thee. dou divasiya yuddh key pahale dinn, surr robbert clifford, surr heinry dee beamont aur surr thomas gray key netritva mein teen sou angreji ghudsavaaron key ack samooh ney scots senaa koo darkinar karane aur hilaate hue mahal koo raahat dene kaa prayaas kiya. yeh dekhkar, randolf ney apane aadmiyon koo sadak koo avaruddh karane key liye netritva kiya aur ack golakar shiltron mein khadaa kiya. una parr angrejon ney sabhi taraf seey hamla kiya. bhaala fenkane vaalon kii baad koo todane mein asamarth aur kaee hatahaton koo lene mein asamarth, angrej dagmagaane lagey. surr james dugglus koo randolf kii sahaayata key liye jaane kii anumati dee gaee thee, lekin yeh dekhkar kii isaki aavashyakta naheen thee, unhone kaarravaai mein koee hissa naheen liya, jiska sthal randolf key kshetra key roop mein jaanaa jaane lagaa. agale dinn scotland kii ladaai key kendra mein randolf koo paaya gayaa.
ireland.
1315 mein morey ireland parr aakraman key dauran raajaa key bhaai edward broose key saath they. vaha ireland mein angrej basane vaalon key khilaf yuddh mein pramukh netaaon mein seey ack they. vaha yuddh key dauran dou baar scotland laut aaya taaki vaha sainyabal praapt curr sakey aur ireland mein robbert kii vyaktigat upasthiti praapt curr sakey.
seema parr ghuspaith.
morey aur dugglus nikatata seey sambaddh they aur donon kaee karnamon mein judey hue they. 1318 mein unhone berges mein seey ack, spaulding key saiman kii madad seey aur broose dwara prabalit karke, berwick shahar koo escalade dwara jabt curr liya, way jald hii mahal key swami bunn gaye. agale vasant mein, unhone uttari angreji county parr chhaapa maaraa, jisase desh koo york taka barbad curr diyaa gayaa, jahan way angreji raani isabella koo jabt karane kii ummeed curr rahey they. unhone york key archbishop villium dee melton dwara uthaaye gaye milicia koo ack ladaai mein haraaya, jise myton kii ladaai key roop mein jaanaa jaataa haye, lekin "myton kaa adhyaay" bhee, kyonki yuddh mein maare gaye maulaviyon kii sankhya thee. edward dwiteeya, joe berwick kii gherabandi curr rhaa thaa, ney unaki vaapsee yatra mein unhein rokane kii vyarth koshish kii. baad mein varsh mein dou scotish raeeson ney phir seey ingland parr hamla kiya, aur edward ney dou saal key liye ack yuddhaviram parr hastakshar kiye. 1322 mein, morey ney puraane upa-bhoomi kii ladaai mein dugglus key shoshan mein bhaag liya.
rajanyik carrier.
morey kaa naam 1320 mein robert kii arbroth kii ghoshana key baad seedhe dikhaai detaa haye, jise scotland key raeeson dwara pope johnn xi koo scotland koo ack swatantra rashtra key roop mein maanyata dene key liye manaane key liye bheja gayaa thaa. 1323 mein, bishap villium lamberton key saath vaha baatchit mein ack pramukh vartakar they, jisake parinamswarup scotland aur ingland key beach terah saal kaa yuddhaviram huaa. baad mein, 1324 mein, unhein avinan mein unake darbar mein vyaktigat roop seey pope seey milane key liye bheja gayaa thaa. iss baithak mein, randoff ney pope johnn koo robbert koo scott key raajaa key roop mein maanyata dene key liye safaltapurvak raaji kiya, joe ack badaa rajanyik takhtapalat thaa. agale varsh pope ney morey koo patra likhakar ingland aur scotland key beach shaanti sthaapit karane key apane prayason mein apani aashaa aur vishvaas kii ghoshana kii aur unhein jerusalam mein pavitra kabr parr jaane kii anumati dee.
morey koo 1325 mein phir seey france bheja gayaa, iss baar raajaa charles IV koo franco-scotish gathbandhan koo navinikrit karane kii sandhi parr hastakshar karane key liye manaane key liye, jise unhone safaltapurvak kiya.
scotland lautane key baad, unhone angreji key khilaf steinhop park kii ladaai mein ack pramukh bhoomika nibhai. angrejon koo ack apmaanjanak haar kaa saamana karna padaa aur unhein edinberg-northumpton kii sandhi parr hastakshar karane key liye majboor honah padaa, jisake dwara scotland kii swatantrata koo antatah sweekaar curr liya gayaa.
rajpratinidhi.
raajaa key antim varshon key dauran, morey ack nirantar saathi rahey they aur simhaasan key yuva uttaradhikari, david key gharaane kii dekhrekh curr rahey they. apani mrityu seey pahale, robbert ney faisala sunaaya kii morey david key liye rajpratinidhi key roop mein kaam karenge, joe kewal paanch saal key they jaba way raajaa key roop mein safal hue. morey ney iss bhoomika koo nyaaypurna aur buddhimani seey nibhaaya, lekin teen saal baad 20 julaai 1332 koo musselberg mein edward balliol aur unake samarthakon key aakraman koo peechhe hataane key liye apani mrityu hoe gaee. usa samay yeh kahaa jaataa thaa kii unhein angrejon dwara jahar diyaa gayaa thaa, lekin kuchh aadhunik itihaskaron kaa maanana haye kii yeh adhik sambhavana haye kii unaki mrityu gurde kii pathri seey hui thee. rajpratinidhi key roop mein unakaa uttaradhikari donald, earl off maar thaa.
kavi aur itihaaskaar johnn barber ney hamein scotish itihas mein apani tarah key pahale lekh mein thomas randolf, morey key pahale earl kaa ack kalam chitra pradaan kiya haye. dugglus key james lord key apane kalam chitra key vipareet, vaha yeh naheen kahata kii yeh dusaron dwara usase sambandhit thaa, jiska arth haye kii vaha apani mrityu seey pahale randolf koo jaanata thaa, halanki barber kaafee yuva vyakti hotaa.
vaha madhyam qada kaa thaa.
aur maap mein achchi tarah seey gathit
ack vyaapak chehare key saath, sukhad aur nishpaksh.
vyavhaar mein vinamrata aur doshpurnata
aur uchit roop seey aatmavishvaas seey bharaa huaa.
wafadari vaha sabhi cheejon seey oopar pyaar kartaa thaa,
jhooth, rajdroh aur aparaadh
vaha hamesha imandari seey isake khilaf khade rahey.
unhone sammaan aur swatantrata koo badhaaya
aur hamesha dharmikta key liye prayaas kiya.
company mein, vaha parwah curr rhaa thaa 
aur usake saath pyaar bhee
aur achche shurveeron seey vaha hamesha pyaar kartaa thaa,
aggar main sach bolata huun
vaha achche hausale seey bharaa huaa thaa
aur sabhi gunon seey banaa.
- dha brus, johnn barber
shaadi aur parivaar.
thomas ney isabelle seey shaadi kii, joe margaret kii ekmatra betty thee aur johnn stevert off bonkil (falkirk kii ladaai mein maare gaye), james key ack bhaai, scotland key uchch prabandhak they. unake dou bete aur dou betiyaan theenh

