david bergleson

david (yaa dovid) bergleson (, 12 agast 1884-12 agast 1952) russie samrajya mein paida hue ack yiddi bhasha key lekhak they. germany mein satta mein naazi uday key baad soviyat sangh mein jaane seey pahale way berlin, germany mein kuchh samay taka rahey. vaha yuddh key baad key yahudi virodhi "jadaheen mahanagariya" abhiyaan kaa shikaar thaa aur maare gaye kaviyon kii raat koo maare gaye logon mein seey ack thaa.
yuva.
bergleson kaa janm 12 agast, 1884 koo keev praant mein okhrimovo (jise okhrimovka key roop mein bhee jaanaa jaataa haye, aur umaan key paas sarnie key roop mein bhee jaanaa jaataa haye) key statle mein huaa thaa. unake shuruati varshon mein poore basti mein narsamhar hue, joe paanch yuva krantikariyon key ack samooh dwara zaar alekjendar dwiteeya kii hatyaa seey utprerit hue, jisamen unamen seey ack yahudi bhee shamil thaa.
bergleson ack ameer, dhaarmik aur yiddi-bhashi parivaar mein paley-badhe. unake pitaa ack anaaj aur lakadi key vyaapaari they joe koee russie naheen bolate they, aur poori tarah seey yahudi samudaay key bheetar apana vyavasaay banaae rakhate they. unaki maan lekhan aur pustakon kii samriddh saanskritik prishthabhoomi seey aaee theen. yahudi gyaan andolan key ack vidwan, ack maskill ney unhein hibru, russie aur unake maataa-pitaa key yiddish mein padhaaya. iss shikshan kii seema bergelson koo baad key jeevan mein ack uchch shaikshanik sansthaan mein pravesh karane kii anumati dene key liye aparyaapt thee.
vayaskata aur kaam.
1905 kii asafal russie kranti key baad bergleson koo pahali baar ack lekhak key roop mein jaanaa jaane lagaa. ack hasid prishthabhoomi seey, lekin dhaarmik aur dharmnirpeksh donon shiksha praapt karane key baad, unakaa adhikansh lekhan anton chekhov kii yaad dilaata haih "badey paimaane parr dharmnirpeksh, nirash yuvaaon kii kahaaniyan..., aprabhaavi buddhijivi...", praantiya jeevan seey nirash. pahale hibru aur russie mein likhate hue, unhein kewal tabhi safalata millie jaba unhone apane mool yiddish kii or rukh kiya; unaki pahali safal pustak "aram vokjal" ("aitt dha dipo") ack upanyaas thee, joe 1909 mein varsau mein apane kharch parr prakaashit hui thee.
1917 mein, unhone keev mein awant garde yidishe kaltur ligg (yiddish culture leag) kii sthaapana kii. 1921 key vasant mein way berlin chaley gaye, joe wimer ganarajya key varshon key dauran unakaa aadhar hoga, halanki unhone europe key madhyam seey badey paimaane parr yatra kii aur philadelphia, shikago aur newyork jaise shaharon mein sanyukt raajya america kaa bhee daura kiya. jey key anusaar. hoberman, vaha "1920 key dashak key sabse prasiddh (aur nishchit roop seey sabse adhik bhugtan paane vaale) russie yidish lekhak they. 1920 key dashak key madhya taka unhone newyork shahar sthit yiddish bhasha key samachar patra "dha forward" key liye likhaa.
unake 1926 key nibandh "teen kendra" ney yeh vishvaas vyakt kiya kii soviyat sangh (jahaan yiddish bhasha aur saahitya taba aadhikarik sanrakshan praapt curr rahey they) ney ekikaranvadi sanyukt raajya aur pichhade polland koo yiddish saahitya key mahaan bhavishya key sthaan key roop mein grahan curr liya thaa. unhone newyork (morgan freeheit) aur mosco ("ames") donon mein communist yidish press key liye likhana shuru kiya, aur 1933 mein soviyat sangh mein chaley gaye, jaba naazi germany mein satta mein aae.
vaha yahudi swaayatt ganarajya biobizan seey sakaratmak roop seey prabhaavit they, aur dwiteeya vishva yuddh key dauran yahudi faasivaad virodhi samiti mein bhaag liya, samiti kii patrika, "enikaayat" (ekataa) key saahityik khand kaa saha-sampadan kiya. haalaanki, kaee soviyat yahudi lekhakon kii tarah, vaha yahudi virodhi "jadaheen mahanagariya" abhiyaan kaa lakshya bunn gayaa. janwari 1949 mein giraftar kiye gaye, una parr gupt roop seey mukadama chalaaya gayaa aur ack golibari daste dwara hatyaa kii gaee kaviyon kii raat key roop mein jaane jaane vaale karyakram mein agast 1952 mein unhein maar diyaa gayaa. stallin kii mrityu key baad, 1955 mein unakaa punarvaas kiya gayaa, aur unaki poori kritiyaan 1961 mein soviyat sangh mein prakaashit huin.
bergleson kii ekmatra santan, ack prakhyaat soviyat jaiv rasaayanagya thee, jisane dwiteeya vishva yuddh key dauran soviyat senaa key kaptan key roop mein bhee kaam kiya. pro. lev bergleson 1991 mein apani patni naomi key saath israel chaley gaye, jahan 2014 mein unaki aur unaki patni donon kii mrityu hoe gaee.
kaam kartaa haye.
nimnalikhit bergleson key karyon kii ack aanshik soochi haye.

