
villium carlos williams

villium carlos williams (17 sitambar, 1883-4 march, 1963) ack americi kavi, lekhak aur adhuniktawad aur kalpanavad seey nikatata seey judey chikitsak they.
apane lekhan key alawa, williams kaa ack chikitsak key roop mein ack lamba currier thaa joe baal roga aur samanya chikitsa donon kaa abhyaas kartaa thaa. way samanya aspatal seey sambaddh they, jahan unhone 1924 seey apani mrityu taka aspatal key baal roga pramukh key roop mein kaary kiya. aspatal, jise abb sent key naam seey jaanaa jaataa haye. mairi key samanya aspatal ney ack smaarak pattika key saath williams koo shraddhanjali dee jisamen kahaa gayaa haye kii "humm una wardon mein chalate hain joe williams chaley they.
jeevan aur currier.
villium kaa janm 1883 mein rutherford, nyu jersey mein huaa thaa. unake pitaa, villium george williams, kaa janm ingland mein huaa thaa, lekin 5 saal kii umr seey dominican ganarajya mein paley-badhe they; unaki maan, rackel helen hoheb, maayaaguez, puerto rico seey, francisi nishkarshan kii theen.
vidvaanon kaa kahana haye kii parivaar key ghar kii carribean sanskriti kaa williams parr mahatvapurna prabhaav thaa. jeffrey harlihi-meraa kaa maanana haye, "kishoravastha taka angreji unake sanchaar kaa praathamik saadhan naheen thaa. ghar parr unaki maan aur pitaa-joe kramshah puerto rico aur dominican ganarajya mein paley-badhe they-ack-dusare key saath aur yuva villium carlos key saath spanish bolate they."jabaki unhone angreji mein likhaa," "kavi kii pahali bhasha" "spanish thee aur unaki" "chetna aur samajik abhivinyas" "koo carabian reeti-rivaajon dwara aakar diyaa gayaa thaa; unakaa jeevan ack bahut hii mahatvapurna degree taka ack bahuvachan saanskritik neenv seey prabhaavit thaa."
villium ney 1897 taka rutherford mein apani praathamik aur maadhyamik shiksha praapt kii, jaba unhein dou saal key liye jineva key paas ack school aur peris mein licey condorset bheja gayaa. newyork shahar lautane parr unhone horres maine school mein padhaai kii aur ack vishesh pariksha utteern karane key baad, 1902 mein pensylvania vishvavidyalaya key medical school mein bharti hue, jahan seey unhone 1906 mein snaatak kiya. paine chhodane parr, williams ney newyork mein french aspatal aur child aspatal donon mein internship kii, phir baal roga key unnat adhyayan key liye leapsig gaye. unhone 1909 mein apani pahali pustak "kavitaaen" prakaashit kii.
villium ney germany seey lautane key baad 1912 mein florence ("flossy") herman (1891-1976) seey shaadi kii. way rutherford, nyu jersey mein 9 riz road parr ack ghar mein chaley gaye, jahan way kaee varshon taka rahey. isake turant baad, unaki kavitaon kii doosari pustak, "dha tempers", apane dost ezra pound kii madad seey landan press dwara prakaashit kii gaee, jinase way pensylvania vishvavidyalaya mein adhyayan karate samay mille they. 1914 key aspas, williams aur unaki patni kaa pahala betaa, villium ee thaa. williams, unake baad unake dusare bete, paul aich. williams, 1917 mein. unakaa pahala betaa bhee ack chikitsak bunn gayaa.
halanki unakaa praathamik vyavasaay ack parivarik chikitsak key roop mein thaa, williams kaa kavi key roop mein ack safal saahityik jeevan thaa. unake kaam kaa chitrakala key saath bahut lagaav haye, jisamen unaki aajivan ruchi thee. kavita (unakaa mukhya saahityik dhyaan) key alawa, unhone kabhi-kabhi laghu kathaaen, naatak, upanyaas, nibandh aur anuvaad bhee likhe. unhone dinn mein chikitsa kaa abhyaas kiya aur raat mein likhaa. apane currier kii shuruat mein, vaha pound aur aich key saath apani dosti key madhyam seey kalpanavadi andolan mein kuchh samay key liye shamil hoe gaye.dee. (jinase unhone apani chikitsa adhyayan key dauran dosti kii thee), lekin jald hii unhone aisee raay vikasit karna shuru curr diyaa joe unase alag thee aur unaki shally apane tatkaal vatavaran kii adhuniktawadi abhivyakti key prati apani pratibaddhata vyakt karane key liye badal gaee.
1920 mein, williams kii unake kaee sathiyon (aich sahit) dwara teekhi aalochana kii gaee thee.dee., pound aur wallace stevens) jaba unhone apani ack aur prayogaatmak pustak "koraa inn helah improvisitions" prakaashit kii. pound koo "asangat" aur aich kahaa jaataa haye.dee. socha kii kitab "flippent" thee. daadaa kalakar aur kavi baroness elsa ney march 1921 mein "dha little review" mein prakaashit apani prayogaatmak gadya kavita sameeksha "dha aaee coll hamlet off wading ring" mein williams kii yaun aur kalaatmak rajneeti kii aalochana kii. williams kaa baroness key saath sambandh thaa, aur "sampark" mein teen kavitaaen prakaashit keen, jisamen chaalees varsheeya koo "toote hue daanton [aur] upadansh" key saath "ack boodhi mahila" key roop mein varnit kiya gayaa thaa.
teen saal baad, 1923 mein, williams ney "spring aind aul" prakaashit kiya, joe unaki kavita kii maulik pustakon mein seey ack thee, jisamen "sankraamak aspatal key raaste seey", "laal pahiya" aur "lc key liye" jaisi classic kavitaaen theen. haalaanki, 1922 mein, tii kii upasthiti. aiss. elliot kii "dha west laind" ack saahityik sansani bunn gaee thee aur isane williams key kavya adhuniktawad key bahut alag brand koo prabhaavit kiya thaa. apani aatmakatha mein, williams ney baad mein "hamaare patron key liye mahaan aapada-tii kii upasthiti key baare mein likhaa. aiss. elliot kii "apashisht bhoomi."unhone kahaa, mujhe ack baar mein lagaa kii" "apashisht bhoomi" "ney mujhe bees saal peechhe curr diyaa haye aur mujhe yakeen haye kii yeh huaa. aalochanatmak roop seey, elliot ney hamein usa samay kaksha mein vaapas curr diyaa jaba mujhe lagaa kii humm ack nae kalaa roop key saar key bahut karib mamalon seey bachane key liye ack bindu parr hain-joe usa ilaake mein nihit haye joe ise phal denaa chaahiye. haalaanki unhone elliot key kaam kaa sammaan kiya, lekin williams ney videshi bhaashaon key lagaatar upayog aur shaastriya aur europeeya saahitya key sanketon key saath elliot kii atyadhik bauddhik shally kii khule taur parr aalochana kii. isake bajaay, williams ney bolchal kii americi angreji koo prathamikta dee.
1930 key dashak key dauran, williams ney ack opera parr kaam karna shuru kiya. pratham rashtrapati" sheershak seey, yeh george washington aur sanyukt raajya america key itihas parr unake prabhaav parr kendrit thaa aur iska uddeshya "aaj humm joe hain usey sakar karane mein hamein prerit karna thaa."
patterson" (1946 aur 1958 key beach prakaashit) naamak apane adhuniktawadi mahakavya kolaj mein, itihas, logon aur patterson key saar, naee jersey key baare mein, williams ney apani aadhunik mahakavya kavita likhi, jisamen unhone pahale kii tulanaa mein vyaapak paimaane parr "sthaaniya" parr dhyaan kendrit kiya. unhone americi samaaj mein kavi kii bhoomika kii bhee jaanch kii aur prasiddh roop seey apani kavyatmak vidhi koo "koee vichaar naheen balki cheejon mein" vakyansh mein sankshep mein prastut kiya (unaki kavita "ack prakaar kaa geet" mein paaya gayaa aur "patterson" mein baar-baar dohraya gayaa).
apane baad key varshon mein, williams ney kaee yuva kaviyon koo margadarshan aur prabhaavit kiya. 1950 key dashak key kaee americi saahityik andolanon parr unakaa mahatvapurna prabhaav thaa, jisamen beat andolan, saine francisco punarjagaran, black mountain school aur newyork school shamil they.
ack maargdarshak key roop mein williams key adhik gatishil sambandhon mein seey ack saathi nyu jersey kavi elen ginsberg key saath thaa. williams ney "patterson" mein ginsberg key kaee patron koo shamil kiya, jisamen kahaa gayaa thaa kii unamen seey ack ney usa kaam key paanchven khand koo prerit karane mein madad kii. williams ney 1956 mein ginsberg kii pahali pustak, "houl aind adar kavitaon" kaa parichay bhee likhaa.
williams koo 1948 mein dill kaa daura padaa aur 1949 key baad, stroke kii ack shrinkhala hui. iss tarah key ack aghaat key baad gambhir avasaad key kaaran way 1953 mein chaar maheene key liye hillside aspatal, newyork mein seemit rahey. 4 march, 1963 koo rutherford mein apane ghar parr 79 varsh kii ayu mein unaki mrityu hoe gaee. unhein naee jersey key lindhurst mein pahaadi kabristan mein dafnaya gayaa thaa.
kavita.
kavi aur aalochak randle jairel ney williams kii kavita key baare mein kahaa kii villium carlos williams ack achche upanyaskar key roop mein jadui roop seey avalokan aur nakal karate hain. vaha aashcharyajanak tajgi, spashtata aur arthavyavastha key saath joe kuchh bhee dekhta haye, usake vivaran koo punah prastut kartaa haye; aur vaha asadharan roop seey, kabhi-kabhi, iss prithvi key roopon koo, aksharon key peechhe chalane vaali aatma koo dekhta haye. usaki twarit pardarshi rekhaaon mein ghabarahat aur sankuchit shakti hoti haye, joe ack pakshi key roop mein jhatake aur dhyaan seey chalati haye. aar. pee. blackmur ney williams kii kavita key baare mein kahaa, "1912 kii kalpana, aatm-paar."ack samkaaleen, harriot monro ney kahaa", apani swatantrata kaa daavaa karane key liye usey shaitan key saath khelna chaahiye, khud koo baingani aur firoza pool mein adhikta mein dange karate hue dikhaana chaahiye."
williams key pramukh sangrah "spring aind aul" (1923), "dha desert music aind adar kavitaaen" (1954), "pictures from brugal aind adar kavitaaen" (1962), aur "patterson" (1963, rip. 1992). unaki sabse sankalit kavita "laal chakr" haye, joe kalpanavadi andolan kii shally aur siddhanton kaa ack udaaharan haye (yeh bhee dekhein kii "yeh sirf kahane key liye haye"). haalaanki, williams ney apane sahakarmi aur dost ezra pound kii tarah, kalpanavadi andolan koo taba taka khariz curr diyaa thaa jaba taka kii yeh kavita 1923 mein "spring aind aul" key hisse key roop mein prakaashit naheen hui thee.
williams saahitya mein americi adhuniktawadi andolan key saath dridhata seey judey hue hain aur unhone apani kavyatmak pariyojana koo ack vishisht americi key roop mein dekhaa; unhone america kii saanskritik aur samajik vividhata seey vikasit taaja, kachche muhaware key madhyam seey bhasha koo navinikrit karane kii maang kii, saath hii saath ise british aur europeeya sanskriti kii jeern-sheern bhasha key roop mein dekhaa. williams ney kahaa, "koee bhee yeh naheen maanata kii kavita unake apane jeevan mein maujood hoe sakati haye. ack kalakar kaa uddeshya, joe kuchh bhee hoe, vaha jeevan koo lena haye, joe kuchh bhee vaha dekhta haye, aur usey ack uchch sthiti taka badhaana haye jahaan usaki garima haye."
1920 mein, williams ney apana dhyaan "sampark" kii or modd diyaa, joe kii williams aur saathi lekhak robbert mcmon dwara shuru kii gaee ack patrika haih "donon sampadakon ney antarrashtriyatavadiyon key spasht virodh mein sthaaniya sthiti mein americi saanskritik navikaran kii maang kii-pound", chhoti sameeksha ", aur baroness."kavi/aalochak ney nirnay liya kii williams kii kavita 13veen shatabdi key sarvshreshth geet kaviyon seey ack nishchit samaantaa rakhti haye.
williams ney kavita key ack poori tarah seey nae aur advitiya americi roop kaa aavishkaar karane kii maang kii, jiska vishay jeevan kii rosemarra kii paristhitiyon aur aam logon key jeevan parr kendrit thaa. unhone "charr pair" kii avadharana key saath aaya jise williams ney kabhi spasht roop seey paribhaashit naheen kiya, halanki avadharana aspasht roop seey villium kii rekha viram nirdhaarit karane kii vidhi koo sandarbhit karati haye. "peris sameeksha ney ise" "padya mein roop aur swatantrata key beach sangharsh koo hull karane key liye ack chhand upkaran kahaa."
villium key "parivartaniya pair" key saath prayog karane kaa ack uddeshya americi (europeeya key vipareet) lay koo dikhaana thaa, jisake baare mein unhone daavaa kiya thaa kii yeh rosemarra kii americi bhasha mein maujood thaa. shaileegat roop seey, williams ney ack line-break pattern parr bhinnataon key saath bhee kaam kiya jise unhone "tridic-line kavita" kaa label diyaa jisamen unhone ack lambi pankti koo teen mukt-padya khandon mein toda diyaa. trikoniya rekha [viram]" kaa ack prasiddh udaaharan williams key prem-kavita "asphodale, usa harey rung key phool mein paaya jaa sakata haye."
villium carlos williams kii herbert leibowitz kii jeevani kii sameeksha mein, "kuchh jaruri joe mujhe aapse kahana haye": villium carlos williams kaa jeevan aur kaary ", pustak aalochak christopher benafi ney williams kii kavita key baare mein likhaah praarambhik aur dair seey, williams ney vishvaas vyakt kiya kii kavita, unake dost keneth barke key vakyansh mein," jeevan key liye upkaran, jeevan key vismay key beach ack aavashyak maargdarshak thaa."americi maidan jangli aur nayaa thaa, ack aisee jagah jahan ack khilate hue videshi koo sabhi sahaayata kii aavashyakta thee joe usey mill sakati thee. kavitaaen poorna jeevan key liye utani hii aavashyak theen jitani shaaririk swaasthya yaa purushon aur mahilaaon key pyaar key liye. williams ney iss drishtikon koo apani kavita "asphodale, vaha haraa phool" kii ack pankti mein sabse prasiddh roop seey vyakt kiya jisamen unhone likhaa thaah
williams aur chitrakaar.
williams kii maan ney peris mein ack chitrakaar key roop mein prashikshan liya thaa aur apane utsaah koo apane bete koo diyaa thaa, joe apane shuruati varshon mein bhee chitrakaari kartaa thaa. unake dwara banaai gaee ack painting abb yell vishvavidyalaya key beenek pustakalaya mein hanging haye aur 1962 key anta taka unhein abhee bhee ack sakshatkar mein yaad thaa kii "main ack chitrakaar banana chaahata thaa, aur isase mujhe cumm seey cumm ack kavi honey key roop mein bahut santushti milati."apane jeevan key adhikansh samay key liye williams ney apane doston dwara kalaa aalochana aur pradarshaniyon kaa parichay diyaa.
1915 mein, williams ney nyu york key kalakaron aur lekhakon key samooh key saath judanaa shuru kiya, jinhen "anya" key roop mein jaanaa jaataa haye."kavi alfred cramborg aur kalakar maine ray dwara sthaapit, unamen walter conrad arrensberg, wallace stevens, meena loy, marian moor, yaa erich glende johns aur marcel duchamp shamil they. unake saath americi kalakar they joe arnsberg key studio mein mille they, jinamen marsden hartley, joseph stella, charles demuth aur charles sheller shamil they, jinake saath williams kii ghanishth dosti hui thee.
haalaanki unhone europeeya avant-garde dwara agrani dekhane aur pratinidhitva key nae tareeke kaa samarthan kiya, lekin williams aur unake kalaatmak mitron ney vishuddh roop seey vyutpann shally key roop mein joe dekhaa usase door jaanaa chaaha. ack parinam key roop mein, unhone 1920 mein hartley key saath "sampark" patrika shuru kii taaki iss vishvaas koo pradarshit karane key liye kii rachanaatmak kaary kalakar key pratyaksh anubhav aur sthaan kii bhavna seey praapt honah chaahiye aur yeh kaise kiya jaanaa chaahiye, iss paaramparik dhaaranaon koo aswikar karna chaahiye.
iss tarah kii soch key jawab mein sateekta ubhari. williams parr chitrakala key prabhaav key apane adhyayan mein, rooth grogan ney iss shally mein charles scheeler key chitron parr apani kuchh kavitaon kii nirbharta key liye kaee paragraph samarpit kiye, vishesh roop seey williams key "classic drishya" mein ack power house key vivaran koo alag kiya. lekin charles demuth key saath ghanishth sambandh adhik spasht thaa. williams kii kavita "foolon kaa bartan" (1923) demuth kii painting "tuberoses" (1922) kaa sandarbh detee haye, joe unake swaamitva mein thee. unake paksh mein, demuth ney villium kii kavita "dha grate figure" (1921) koo shraddhanjali key roop mein apani "aaee see dha figure 5 inn gold" (1928) banaai. williams kaa sangrah "spring aind aul" (1923) kalakar koo samarpit thaa aur unaki praarambhik mrityu key baad, unhone lambi kavita "dha crimson cyclamen" koo samarpit kiya."(1936) demuth kii smriti mein.
baad mein kalakaron key saath sahyog mein dou kavita/dou chitra khand shamil hain jinhen unhone 1937 mein villium zorach key saath saajha kiya aur unaki kavita "jersey geet", heinry neez kii 1960 kii usee sheershak kii painting key jawab mein likhi gaeeh 
<kavita>
sardiyon key pedon kaa drishya
isase pahale
ack pedh
agrabhumi mein
kahaan
taaja-patan dwara
barfbari
6 lakadi key tukade taiyar hain
aag key liye
</kavita>
apane poore currier key dauran, williams ney kavita key prati apane drishtikon key baare mein ack chitrakaar key roop mein shabdon kii tainaati key roop mein socha, ack sakshatkar mein spasht roop seey kahaa, "maine kavita aur chitrakala koo ack hii cheej banaane key liye, ise fuse karane kaa prayaas kiya haye....kavita mein ack design aur chitra mein ack design unhein cumm yaa jyada ack hii cheez banaana chaahiye."haalaanki, bahut pahale key chitrakaron key sandarbhon key mamle mein," "brugal seey chitra" "(1962) mein samaapt honey parr, unakaa drishtikon adhik tippanipurna thaa. unake kaam key iss antim charan mein yeh daavaa kiya gayaa haye kii "williams ney inn kalakaron koo apane tareeke seey, vahee samasyaaen hull karate hue dekhaa joe unase sambandhit theen", lekin unake saath unaki sagaai kuchh doori parr thee.
viraasat, puraskar aur sammaan.
yuu.aiss. rashtriya pustak puraskar 1950 mein phir seey sthaapit kiya gayaa thaa aur 1949 mein teen shreniyon mein prakaashit pustakon key lekhakon koo pustak udyog dwara puraskar diye gaye they. williams ney "patterson" aur "chayanit kavitaon" key teesare khand donon koo maanyata dete hue kavita key liye pahala rashtriya pustak puraskar jeetaa.
1952 mein, williams koo washington, dee. see. mein library off congress key liye kavita mein salaahkaar naamit kiya gayaa thaa, lekin ack communist sangathan mein williams kii sadasyata key niradhar aaropon key kaaran unhein apana karyakal puuraa karane seey roque diyaa gayaa thaa. williams ney aaropon kaa khandan karane key liye kanuni salaahkaar koo barkarar rakhaa, lekin unhein kabhi bhee apane alochakon koo jawab dene kii anumati naheen dee gaee aur kabhi bhee congress key pustakalaya seey maafi naheen millie. haalaanki, agale varsh unhein archibald mcliss key saath bollingen puraskar milaa.
maee 1963 mein, unhein maranoparant "brugal aur anya kavitaon seey chitron" (1962) key liye pulitzer puraskar aur rashtriya kalaa aur patra sansthaan kii kavita key liye swarn padak seey sammaanit kiya gayaa thaa. america kii kavita society ack chhote, gair-laabhkaari yaa vishvavidyalaya press dwara prakaashit kavita kii sarvshreshth pustak key liye prativarsh villium carlos williams puraskar pradaan karati haye.
rutherford mein williams kaa ghar abb aitihaasik sthaanon key rashtriya register mein haye. unhein 2009 mein nyu jersey holl off fame mein shamil kiya gayaa thaa.

