
hoodia

hoodia (; sthaaniya roop seey "ghaap" yaa "bobejanghap" key roop mein jaanaa jaataa haye) dakshini africa key mool nivasi, upa-parivaar escalapiadode key tahat, aposynacy parivaar mein foolon key paudhon kaa ack vansh haye.
hoodia" kii ack prajaati, vishesh roop seey "hoodia gordoni", ney ack sambhaavit bhookh damnak key roop mein upayog key liye jaanch kiye jaane key baad, prasiddhi aur vivaad kii ack degree hassil kii haye.
varnan.
iss samooh koo pahali baar 1844 mein ack vansh key roop mein varnit kiya gayaa thaa.
hoodia stame raseele hotey hain, jinhen "cactiform" key roop mein varnit kiya gayaa haye kyonki unaki asambandhit cactus parivaar key saath ullekhaniya samaantaa haye. unaki ack shakha, jhaadi jaisa roop haye, aur sabse badee prajaati ("hoodia parviflora") ack pedh key aakar taka badh sakati haye-oonchaai mein.
phool aakar mein behad parivartansheel hotey hain-1 semi seey cumm seey laker lagbhag 20 semi vyaas taka, prajaati key aadhar parr. phool badee sankhya mein dikhaai dete hain, hamesha tanon key sheersh key paas. badee-phool vaali prajaatiyon (jaise "hoodia gordoni") key loga aksar ack kagaj gulabi-tain rung, plate key aakar key hotey hain, jisamen unake makkhi paraganakon koo aakarshit karane key liye ack apriya gandh hoti haye. kuchh prajaatiyon key chhote, gahare foolon mein badey foolon kii tulanaa mein kaheen adhik majboot aur adhik apriya gandh hoti haye.
vitaran.
hoodia" vansh dakshini africa key paschimi bhaag mein shushk kshetron taka seemit haye, joe paschimi dakshin africa seey laker madhya namibia aur sudur uttar mein dakshini angola taka haye. yeh vishesh roop seey namib registan aur narangi nadee ghaati mein aam haye. vishisht nivaas sthaan chattani dhalaan aur khule patthar key maidan hain. paudhe aamtaur parr jhaadiyon yaa chattanon key aashray mein ankurit hotey hain, lekin vayask paudhon key roop mein khule mein jeevit rahate hain.
hoodia" kii kaee chhoti-phool vaali prajaatiyan pahale ack alag genus, "trichocolon" ("ghaap") mein theen, lekin inhen genus "hoodia" mein sthanantarit curr diyaa gayaa haye, aur donon samooh abb paryaayavaachi hain. jatijanya adhyayanon ney genus "hoodia" koo monophylatic dikhaaya haye, aur stapeliad genus "lavrania" seey sabse nikatata seey sambandhit haye. larylechia", "richtersveldia" aur "notchidnopsis" sahit sambandhit vansh kii ack bahan shakha mamuli roop seey adhik door seey sambandhit haye.
upayog aur bagwani.
poorak.
"hoodia gordoni" paaramparik roop seey namib registan key saine logon (bushman) dwara kathor registani sthitiyon mein astitva key baare mein apane swadeshi gyaan key hisse key roop mein bhookh dabaane key liye upayog kiya jaataa haye. 2006 mein, ack vipanan abhiyaan key baad yeh paudha antarrashtriya star parr jaanaa jaane lagaa, jisamen jhoothaa daavaa kiya gayaa thaa kii aahar poorak key roop mein iska upayog vajan ghataane key liye ack bhookh daman thaa. 2018 taka, koee uchch gunavatta vaalaa naidaanik shodh naheen haye joe darshaata haye kii hoodia mein bhookh dabaane vaale key roop mein kaary haye yaa vajan ghataane key liye prabhaavi haye.
jaiv-piracy key mamle mein, dakshin africa kii vaigyaanik aur audyogik anusandhaan parishad (see. aiss. aaee. aar.) key jaiv-pratidarshiyon ney mahsoos kiya kii sanyantra vipanan yogya thaa aur sanyantra aur isake upayog key gyaan key liye sains key paaramparik daavon koo pehchaane binaa bhookh dabaane vaale key roop mein isake upayog kaa patent karaaya. patent koo baad mein unilever koo betch diyaa gayaa, jisane aahar poorak key roop mein hoodia utpaadon kaa vipanan kiya. 2003 mein, dakshin african saine parishad ney see. aiss. aaee. aar. key saath ack laabh sajhakaran samjhauta kiya jisamen unhein "hoe" kii bikri seey rajaswa kaa 6 seey 8 pratishat praapt hoga. gordoni "utpaad, joe dakshin africa key sabhi saine logon key liye ack nyaas mein jamaa kiya jaayega.
bagwani.
kaee prajaatiyan udyaan key paudhon key roop mein ugaai jaati hain, aur ack prajaati, "aich. gordoni, "bhookh dabaane vaale key roop mein upayog key liye jaanch kii jaa rahee haye. haalaanki, 2008 mein, britten sthit unilever plc, joe duniya kii sabse badee dibbaband-khaadya companiyon mein seey ack haye, ney aahar utpaadon kii ack shrinkhala mein hoodia kaa upayog karane kii yojana koo chhod diyaa. paul polman dwara hastaaksharit unilever kii website parr ack dastaavez mein, "satat vikas 2008: ack avalokan", ceo, unilever kahata haih "2008 key dauran, anusandhaan aur vikas mein 20 million [pound] kaa nivesh karane key baad, unilever ney aahar utpaadon kii ack shrinkhala mein slimming extract hoodia kaa upayog karane kii yojana koo chhod diyaa. hamane pariyojana koo roque diyaa kyonki hamaare naidaanik adhyayanon seey pataa chalaa haye kii hoodia kaa upayog karane vaale utpaad suraksha aur prabhavkarita key hamaare sakht manakon koo puuraa naheen karenge."
kaee "hoodia" prajaatiyan sanrakshit paudhe hain. "hoodia" vartamaan mein luptapray prajaatiyon key jangli jeevon aur vanaspatiyon (uddharan) mein antarrashtriya vyaapaar parr sammelan key parishisht II mein soochibaddh haye, jisamen vartamaan mein luptapray maani jaane vaali prajaatiyan shamil hain, lekin yadi vyaapaar niyantrit naheen kiya jaataa haye tou way jokhim mein hain.