kamchiya (jeevmandal aarakshit)

kamchiya jeevmandal abhayaranya, () bulgaria kii uttari tatrekha parr ack poorv unesco-soochibaddh jeevmandal abhayaranya haye, jisamen kamchiya nadee key muhaane parr baadh kaa maidan shamil haye. isamen badey paimaane parr jalodh lambe upavan (yaa "longoz" jaisa kii ise bhee jaanaa jaataa haye) shamil hain, lekin isamen kuchh kaalaa sagar tatrekha, reserve mein sanrakshit aavason kaa kshetra, kamchiya rait sanrakshit kshetra key saath, kull 1.200 hectare shamil haye. 1977 mein sthaapit, yeh pracheen vann koo saghan kataai aur jall nikasi seey bachaata haye jisane ise 20veen shatabdi key madhya taka nasht curr diyaa thaa. yeh varna shahar seey 25 kii. mee. dakshin mein sthit haye aur staro oriehovo, skorpilovtsi aur bliznatsi key gaanvon seey ghiraa huaa haye.
2017 mein jeevmandal aarakshit sthiti koo hataa diyaa gayaa thaa.
itihas.
1951 mein baadh key maidan key jangalon key avasheshon kii raksha key liye ack reserve kii sthaapana kii gaee thee joe kabhi kaafee badey kshetra koo cover karate they. bulgaria mein anya sabhi jeevmandal bhandaron kii tarah, swayam 1977 mein jeevmandal abhayaranya kii sthaapana kii gaee thee. yeh kshetra ateet mein lakadi kii kataai aur jall nikasi key prayason key adheen rhaa haye. aarakshit sthiti 2016 mein sanshodhan key tahat thee aur 2017 mein vaapas leey lii gaee thee, aur 14 juuna koo saarvajanik roop seey ghoshit kii gaee thee.
bhugol.
iss aarakshit kshetra kaa mukhya kshetra 842.1 hectare haye, (230 hectare key buffer kshetra key saath), iska lagbhag 764 hectare vanon seey ghiraa huaa haye, aur shesh 78.1 hectare vanon seey ghiraa huaa naheen haye, (34.5 hectare ghaas key maidan, 4.0 hectare naharen, 3.3 hectare khule maidan, 21.8 hectare daldali, 9.9 hectare daldali bhoomi aadi).), reserve kii lambai 40 kimmy haye aur kuchh kshetron mein isaki chaudaai 5 kimmy taka pahunch jaati haye. nadee key nichale maarg mein "longoz" vann poore europe mein apani tarah key sabse achche pratinidhi hain. reserve key bheetar nadee key avashesh vann, nadee key kinare fragmite aur typha key chhote meethe paani key daldali kshetra, krishi yogya bhoomi (poorv starr-auriachovo daldali kshetra), rait key teelon key saath ack samudra tata aur ack samudri khaadi haye. 
jeev-jantu.
yeh kshetra pakshiyon key liye ack pramukh sthal haye aur lagbhag 200 prajaatiyon koo aashray detaa haye, jinamen seey aathh koo luptapray maanaa jaataa haye aur inhen aaee. yuu. see. aine. laal soochi mein soochibaddh kiya gayaa haye. yeh sthal "signus signus" key sardiyon key liye mahatvapurna haye aur madhya chittidaar kathfodwa "dendrocopos medius" aur ardh-collar flycatcher "ficidula semitarakwata" key liye bulgaria mein sabse mahatvapurna prajanan kshetra haye. yeh ilaka ack pramukh pravaasi baadha sthal bhee haye, jahan pratyek sharad ritu mein 60,000 yaa usase adhik safed saaras oopar seey gujarate hain. anya pakshiyon mein chhote aggret ("agreta gargetta") aur durlabh aadhe collar vaale flycatcher ("fidesula albicolis semitorakwata") kii ack chhoti see coloney shamil haye.
nadee mein panchish machhliyon kii prajaatiyan darj kii gaee hain, jinamen seey saat koo aaee. yuu. see. aine. kii punah soochi key tahat soochibaddh kiya gayaa haye, jisamen jangli samanya carp, ("cyprinus carpio"), "nipovitshia coccica" aur aral stickleback, ("pungitius platigaster") shamil hain.
jeevmandal aarakshit kshetra mein standhaariyon mein row hiran ("capriolus capriolus"), jangli suar ("sus scropha"), pine marten ("martes martes") aur lomdi ("vulps vulps") shamil hain, europeeya talab kachhua ("emis orbicularis"), tessellated watter snake ("natricks tesselata") aur magarmachcha chhipakali ("ophysorus apodus") sahit kaee sarisrip aur ubhayachar bhee hain.
iss abhayaranya mein rahane vaale chhote standhaariyon kii panchish prajaatiyan hain, jinamen europeeya oodabilaav ("lutra lutra") bhee shamil haye, joe europeeya iucn laal soochi mein haye.
vanaspati.
jangalon mein raakh ("fraxinus oxyphila"), almus, oak ("quercus pedanculiflora"), "esser" aur "alnus" kaa prabhutva haye, jisamen "cratagus monogana", "cornus", "paleurus" aur "ligstrum" aur "chlamatis", "smilex" aur "periploca" key liana key jhaadi hain.
paryaavaran aur pradooshan.
reserve mein adhikansh pradooshan kamchiya nadee key bhaar aur vahaan maujood pradushakon seey judaa huaa haye, halanki, paryatakon kaa kachra kabhi sthaaniya adhikaariyon key liye ack badee samasya thee. mukhya roop seey aisaa isaliye thaa kyonki vahaan ack pull thaa joe logon koo reserve mein jaane kii anumati detaa thaa. baad mein ise nasht curr diyaa gayaa aur kachra ack samasya seey cumm hoe gayaa, halanki choonki nadee key muhaane koo paar karke reserve key samudra tata kshetra taka jaanaa abhee bhee sambhav haye, "(chhavi dekhein)," samasya poori tarah seey hull naheen hui haye. isake alawa kachra aur audyogik pradooshak niyamit roop seey tata parr beh jaate hain, jinamen seey adhikansh yaa tou varna key bandargah yaa kamchiya key paas key resort (joe ack hii samudra tata rekha saajha kartaa haye) seey aatey hain.
nadee seey judaa pradooshan.
jall kii gunavatta aur kaalaa sagar tateey kshetra parr isake prabhaav parr samudra vigyaan sansthaan aur bulgarian vigyaan akadami dwara 2006 mein kiye gaye ack adhyayan ney nishkarsh nikala kii ("aur isi tarah aarakshit kshetra parr bhee")
anya paryavaraniya mudde yeh hain kii nadee kathit roop seey daldali hoe rahee haye. vishva vanyajeev kosh key anusaar paani kii lilly, chamkili burf kii boond aur safed kamchiya lilly bhee gayab hoe rahee haye. targovishte mein bhandaran battery sanyantra ack mahatvapurna pradooshak haye, joe bhaari dhatuon koo kamchiya nadee mein failata haye.
pashu prajanan jall pradooshan kaa doosara pramukh srot haye aur peene key paani key sroton koo seedhe prabhaavit kartaa haye. pashuon key kheton mein jall shodhan kendron kii gambhir kamee key kaaran, gair-shuddh apashisht jall vibhinn jall besinon mein girata haye. yahee baat bhoomigat jall key liye bhee lagu hoti haye, kyonki kheti mein upayog kiye jaane vaale nitrate, phosphat aur anya khanij varsha mein ghul jaate hain aur beh jaate hain, joe baad mein jall besinon aur khanij jharanon mein dikhaai dete hain. choonki nadee seedhe jeevmandal abhayaranya seey hocker bahati haye, isaliye iska isake bheetar key paaristhitiki tantra parr majboot prabhaav padata haye. choonki puuraa kshetra nadee dwara sinchit haye, isaliye vahaan rahane vaale sabhi janwar aur paudhe apane astitva key liye isi parr nirbhar hain.
halanki, adhik sakaratmak nott parr, kamchiya nadee mein sudhaar key parinamswarup, yeh abb ghaney jangal mein baadh naheen laataa haye. ise dutch elm roga key prasaar key liye jimmedaar maanaa jaataa thaa, joe elm aur raakh key pedon koo bahut nuksan pahuncha rhaa thaa.

