
alkyle samooh

carbonic rasayan vigyaan mein, ack alkyl samooh ack anupasthit hydrogen haye.
alkyle" shabd kaee sambhaavit pratisthapanon koo shamil karane key liye jaanboojhkar anirdisht haye. 
ack chakreeya alkill kaa samanya sootra hotaa haye. ack cycloalchyl samooh ack chakr seey hydrogen paramanu koo hataakar ack cycloalcane seey praapt hotaa haye aur iska samanya sootra hotaa haye.
aam taur parr ack alkill ack badey anu kaa ack hissa hotaa haye. sanrachanaatmak sootra mein, prateek r kaa upayog ack samanya (anirdisht) alkyle samooh koo nirdisht karane key liye kiya jaataa haye. sootra key saath sabse chhota alkill samooh methyl haye.
sambandhit avadhaaranaaen.
shodhnagaron mein alkilation ack mahatvapurna kaary haye, udaaharan key liye uchch-octain gasoline key utpaadan mein. 
alkylating antinoplastic agent yaugikon kaa ack varg haye jiska upayog cancer key ilaaj key liye kiya jaataa haye. aise mamle mein, alkyle shabd kaa upayog shithil roop seey kiya jaataa haye. udaaharan key liye, nitrogen sarason prasiddh alkylating agent hain, lekin way saral hydrocarbon naheen hain.
rasayan vigyaan mein, alkyl ack samooh haye, ack pratisthaapan, joe anya aanvik tukadon seey judaa hotaa haye. udaaharan key liye, alkyl lithium abhikarmakon kaa anubhavjanya sootra lii (alkyl) hotaa haye, jahan alkyl = methyl, athyl, aadi hotaa haye. ack "dialkill" eather dou alkyle samoohon key saath ack eather haye, ee.jee., diethyl eather.
aushadhiya rasayan vigyaan mein.
aushadhiya rasayan vigyaan mein, kuchh rasayanik yaugikon mein alkill shrinkhalaon key samavesh seey unaki lipophilicity badh jaati haye. iss ranneeti kaa upayog flavenones aur chalcons kii roganurodhi gatividhi koo badhaane key liye kiya gayaa haye.
alkyl catayan, aayan aur radical.
aamtaur parr, alkill samooh anya parmaanuon yaa parmaanuon key samoohon seey judey hotey hain. mukt alkill tatasth yaugikon key roop mein, ayanon key roop mein yaa catayan key roop mein hotey hain. catayan koo carbocatine kahaa jaataa haye. ayanon koo carbenian kahaa jaataa haye. tatasth alkill mukt kanon kaa koee vishesh naam naheen haye. aisee prajaatiyan aamtaur parr kewal kshanik madhyavarti key roop mein paaee jaati hain, lekin kuchh kaafee sthir hoti hain aur unhein "ack bottle mein rakhaa jaa sakata haye. aam taur parr alkyl catayan super acid kaa upayog karke utpann hotey hain, alkyl aayan majboot kshaaron kii upasthiti mein dekhe jaate hain, aur alkyl radical ack prakaash rasayanik pratikriya dwara utpann hotey hain. alkill aamtaur parr carbonic yaugikon key dravyamaan varnakramiya mein dekhe jaate hain. saral alkill (vishesh roop seey methyl) antartarkiya sthaan mein bhee dekhe jaate hain.
namkaran.
alkill samooh samroop shrinkhala banaate hain. sabse saral shrinkhala mein samanya sootra hotaa haye. alkill mein "methyl", (), "ethyl", (), "propyl", (), "butyle", (), "pantile" (), aur isi tarah key anya shamil hain. ack valay vaale alkill samoohon kaa sootra haye, ee.jee. cyclopropyl aur cyclohexyl. alkill radical kaa sootra alkill samoohon key samaan haye, sivaay isake kii mukt sanyojakta "bindu" dwara pratisthaapit kii jaati haye aur alkill samooh key naam mein "radical" jodati haye (ee.jee. methyl radical).
namkaran parampara koo ipac namkaran seey liya gayaa haih
inn naamon kaa upayog shaakhaon seey janjeeron vaali sanrachanaon key naam key liye kiya jaataa haye, udaaharan key liye 3-methylpentenah
3-methylpenten kii sanrachana koo dou bhaagon seey milkar banaaya gayaa haye. pahala, paanch paramanu carbon kendron kii sabse lambi seedhi shrinkhala mein shamil hain. mool paanch-carbon yaugik koo penten (highlight kiya gayaa neela) naam diyaa gayaa haye. methyl "pratisthaapan" yaa "samooh" koo laal rung seey ujagar kiya jaataa haye. namkaran key samanya niyamon key anusaar, methylpenten kii tarah, mool seey pahale anu key naam mein alkyl samooh shamil kiye jaate hain. haalaanki, yeh naam aspasht haye, kyonki methyl shakha vibhinn carbon parmaanuon parr hoe sakati haye. iss prakaar, aspashtata seey bachane key liye naam 3-methylpenten haih 3-isaliye haye kyonki methyl paanch carbon parmaanuon mein seey teesare seey judaa huaa haye.
yadi ack hii alkyl samooh mein seey ack seey adhik ack shrinkhala seey judey hue hain, tou upsargon kaa upayog gunakon koo ingit karane key liye alkyl samoohon parr kiya jaataa haye (i.ee., dee, trie, tetra, aadi.)
iss yaugik koo 2,3,3-trimethylpentain key roop mein jaanaa jaataa haye. yahaan carbon paramanu 2,3 aur 3 seey judey teen samaan alkill samooh hain. samoohon kii sthiti key baare mein aspashtata seey bachane key liye naam mein sankhyaaen shamil kii gaee hain, aur "tri" ingit kartaa haye kii teen samaan methyl samooh hain. yadi teesare carbon paramanu seey judey methyl samoohon mein seey ack ethyl samooh key bajaay thaa, tou naam 3-methyl-2,3-dimethylpentain hoga. jaba alag-alag alkyl samooh hotey hain, tou way varnanukram mein soochibaddh hotey hain.
isake alawa, ack alkill shrinkhala parr pratyek sthiti kaa varnan iss baat key anusaar kiya jaa sakata haye kii usase kitane anya carbon paramanu judey hue hain. praathamik, maadhyamik, tritiyak aur chaturthansh shabd kramshah ack, dou, teen yaa chaar anya carbon seey judey carbon koo sandarbhit karate hain.
vyutpatti.
pahala naam alkill radical ethyl thaa, jiska naam 1833 mein german shabd "Âther" (joe badale mein yunani shabd "aither" seey liya gayaa thaa) seey libig dwara rakhaa gayaa thaa (Https:// en.victionary.org/viki/eather, i.ee.padaarth jise abb diethyl eather key roop mein jaanaa jaataa haye) aur yunani shabd λη (haaile), jiska arth haye "padaarth". isake baad methyl (1834 mein dumas aur peligot, jiska arth haye "lakadi kii aatma") aur emile (1840 mein auguste kahor) aaya. german shabd "alcoholradicale" aur phir-samanya pratyay-yl parr adharit, shabd alkil koo 1882 mein yaa usase pahale johannis vislicinus dwara pesh kiya gayaa thaa.

