helmate

helichiz ("fl."572) ack kuleen kuleen thaa jisane 572 mein apane raajaa, alboin koo maar daala aur usake simhaasan koo hadapane kaa asafal prayaas kiya. alboin kii raani, rosamand, ney raajaa koo hataane kii helichiz kii yojana kaa samarthan kiya yaa cumm seey cumm virodh naheen kiya, aur hatyaa key baad helichiz ney usase shaadi curr lii. hatyaa mein raajaa key kaksh-rakshak peredio kii sahaayata lii gaee thee, joe kuchh sroton mein hatyaa kaa bhautik nishpaadak bunn jaataa haye. helichish kaa ullekh sabse pahale samkaaleen itihaaskaar marius off avench dwara kiya gayaa haye, lekin unake prayason kaa sabse vistrit vivaran paul dha decan key 8 veen shatabdi key anta mein "historia langobardorum" seey praapt hotaa haye.
hatyaa kii prishthabhoomi taba shuru hoti haye jaba alboin ney 567 mein gapids key raajaa koo maar daala aur raajaa kii betty rosemund koo pakad liya. isake baad alboin ney apane logon koo itali mein leey jaaya, aur 572 taka khud koo verona mein basaaya, jisase vaha anya pramukh lombards, jaise kii helichiz, joe kii alboin key paalak-bhaai aur hathiyar-vaahak they, kii mahatvakankshaon key prati asurakshit hoe gaye. alboin kii mrityu key baad, helichish ney simhaasan hassil karane kaa prayaas kiya. unhone nae raajaa key roop mein apani sthiti koo vaidh banaane key liye rosemond seey shaadi kii, lekin turant apane saathi lombards seey sakht virodh kaa saamana karna padaa, jinhen byzantine key saath milibhugat kaa sandeh thaa; yeh shatruta antatah samrajya key prati aakramak neeti key samarthak, tikinam clayf key duke key ird-gird kendrit thee.
yuddh mein jaane key bajaay, helmate, rosamand aur unake anuyaayi byzantine itali kii rajdhani ravena bhaag gaye, jahan adhikaariyon dwara unakaa poore sammaan key saath swaagat kiya gayaa. ack baar ravna mein, rosamand koo bassentine prefect longinus dwara helichiz koo maarne key liye raaji kiya gayaa thaa taaki vaha usase shaadi karane key liye swatantra hoe sakey. rosemond jahar dene key liye aage badhaa, lekin baad vaalaa, yeh samajhate hue kii usaki patni ney usake saath kyaa kiya thaa, usey bhee cup peene key liye majboor curr diyaa, isaliye donon kii maut hoe gaee. unaki mrityu key baad, longinus ney helichish kii senaa koo constinople key liye bheja, jabaki shesh lombard pahale seey hii clayf mein ack nayaa raajaa paa chuke they.
prishthabhoomi.
helmate key baare mein likhane vaale sabse puraane lekhak samkaaleen itihaaskaar marius off avenches hain. apane khaate mein unhone ullekh kiya haye kii "alboin koo unake anuyaayiyon dwara maar diyaa gayaa thaa, joe kii baaki logon key saath hilmegis haye, unaki patni isake liye sahmat haye. marius ney aage kahaa kii raajaa kii hatyaa key baad, helichi ney apani vidhwa seey shaadi kii aur simhaasan hassil karane kii asafal koshish kii. unakaa prayaas whiffle hoe gayaa aur unhein apani patni, shaahi khajaane aur takhtapalat mein unakaa paksh lene vaale sainikon key saath bhaagne key liye majboor honah padaa. iss khaate mein "origo" mein joe kahaa gayaa haye, usake saath majboot samaantaaen hain. origo" apane badale mein "historia langobardorum" key liye ack pratyaksh srot bunn jaayega.
hatyaa kii prishthabhoomi taba shuru hoti haye jaba alboin, lombards key raajaa, panonia (aadhunik hangri key kshetra mein) mein rahane vaale ack german loga, 567 mein padosi gapids key khilaf yuddh mein gaye. ack nirnaayak yuddh mein, alboin ney gapid raajaa cunimond koo maar daala aur raajaa kii betty rosamand koo pakad liya-baad mein jeevit gapids kii wafadari kii guaranti key liye usase shaadi curr lii. agale varsh, lombards itali chaley gaye, joe taba byzantine samrajya dwara kabja kiya gayaa ack kshetra thaa. 569 mein alboin ney uttari itali kii rajdhani mediolanum (milan) koo leey liya aur 570 taka unhone uttari itali key adhikansh hisse parr niyantran curr liya thaa. byzantine balon ney khud koo tikinam (pavia) key ranneetik shahar mein sthaapit kiya, jise unhone ack lambi gherabandi key baad hii leey liya. tikinam lene seey pahale bhee, lombards ney appenine koo paar curr liya aur tucia parr aakraman curr diyaa. tissinum key patan key baad, alboin ney verona koo apane pahale sthaayi mukhyalaya key roop mein chunaa. iss shahar mein alboin kii hatyaa 572 mein kii gaee thee aur inn paristhitiyon mein hii pahali baar helmate kaa naam sunaa gayaa thaa. adhikansh upalabdh vivaran "historia langobardorum" mein hain.
hatyaa.
swayam koo verona mein basaakar aur apani vijayon kii shrinkhala koo asthaayi roop seey baadhit karke, alboin ney ack karishmai yoddha raajaa key roop mein apani lokpriya sthiti koo kamjor curr diyaa thaa. iska sabse pahale laabh uthaane vaali rosemund thee, joe apane pitaa kii mrityu kaa badala lene key avsar kii khoj mein shahar mein ugra yoddhaon key samarthan parr bharosa curr sakati thee. iss lakshya koo praapt karane key liye usane raajaa key paalak bhaai, "spatharius" aur ack vyaktigat sashastr anuchar key pramukh koo bhee rajasana mein shamil karane key liye raaji kiya taaki vaha alboin koo khatm karane aur usey simhaasan parr pratisthaapit karane kii sajish mein bhaag leey sakey. helichiz ney rosamand koo peredio koo shamil karane key liye raaji kiya, jise paul ney kewal "ack bahut hii majboot aadami" key roop mein varnit kiya thaa, jise raani dwara ack chaal key madhyam seey bahakaaya gayaa thaa aur vaastavik hatyara banane key liye sahamati dene key liye majboor kiya gayaa thaa.
yeh kahani aanshik roop seey "origo" dwara bataai gaee baat key saath sangharsh mein haye, joe ack ukasaane vaale key roop mein kaam kartaa haye naa kii hatyare key roop mein. origo" key samaan hii "historia langobardorum codisis gothani" mein nihit peredio kaa vivaran haye, jahan yeh jodaa gayaa haye kii peredio alboin kaa "chamber-gaard" thaa, yeh sanket dete hue kii kahani key mool sanskaran mein peredio kii bhoomika kewal asli hatyare koo, joe agnellus key khaate mein helichi haye, mein rahane denaa hoe sakata haye, jaisa kii yeh marrius key khaate mein thaa. haalaanki, "historia langobardorum codisis gothani" kaa praathamik uddeshya kahani mein abhinetaon kii sankhya koo cumm karke, peredio seey shuru karke, ack adhik seedha aur susangat kathaa praapt karna hoe sakata haye. lekin, peredio key gayab honey kaa matlab haye kii shirastraan kii bhoomika badal jaati haih jabaki paul usey "kushal sajishkarta aur hatyare" key roop mein prastut kartaa haye, agnellus key saath vaha ack nirdayi aur gandi raani kaa shikaar haye.
itihaaskaar paolo delogu key anusaar yeh hoe sakata haye kii agnellus kii kathaa paul kii tulanaa mein maukhik parampara koo behtar tareeke seey darshaati haye. paul kii vyakhya mein, paul kii kathaa maukhik parampara mein nihit german mithakon aur anushthaanon key dair seey hue viroopan kaa pratinidhitva karati haye. german parampara key anuroop, yeh helmate hoga joe raani dwara bahakaaya gayaa thaa, aur usake saath sote hue rosemond raajaa key bhaavi hatyare koo alboin key shaahi karishma koo jadui roop seey paarit karega. shakti key iss maarg kaa ack prateek hatyare key pravesh key baare mein paul key khaate mein paaya jaataa haih alboin kii apani talwar kheenchane mein asamarthata yahaan usaki shakti key nuksan kaa pratinidhitva karati haye.
28 juuna, 572 koo raajaa kii mrityu key baad, helichi ney rosemond seey shaadi kii aur verona mein lombard simhaasan kaa daavaa kiya. vivaah shirastraan key liye mahatvapurna thaah isane unake shasson koo vaidh banaa diyaa kyonki, adham itihas seey nirnay lete hue, shaahi visheshaadhikaar raajaa kii vidhwa seey shaadi karke viraasat mein mill sakate they; aur vivaah senaa mein gapids kii wafadari kii shirastraan kii guaranti thee, joe raani kaa paksh letee thee kyonki vaha kunimand kii betty thee.
viphalata.
takhtapalat key peechhe lagbhag nishchit roop seey byzantine they, joe ack khatarnak dushman koo hataane aur usey kissy key saath badalane mein harr tarah seey ruchi rakhate they, yadi ack byzantine samarthak gutt seey naheen, tou cumm seey cumm cumm sakriya roop seey aakramak they. gian piero bognetti ney apane takhtapalat key liye helmate kii prerana key baare mein kuchh parikalpanaon koo aage badhaayah unake kaaran mein lathings, lombard shaahi rajvansh key saath ack parivarik sambandh shamil hoe sakata thaa, jise alboin key pitaa audoin dwara bedkhal curr diyaa gayaa thaa; yaa hoe sakata haye kii vaha amalafried key madhyam seey goth key pramukh rajvansh amali seey sambandhit hoe. helichiz ney aasaani seey verona mein lombards kaa samarthan praapt kiya, aur vaha shayed sabhi yoddhaon aur lombard duke koo apane niyantran mein alboin key ekmatra bachche, albasuinda key saath apane paksh mein laane kii ummeed kartaa thaa. hoe sakata haye kii usane duke kii wafadari koo aarthik roop seey khareedane mein byzantine madad kii bhee ummeed kii hoe.
helimichis kaa takhtapalat antatah whiffle rhaa kyonki yeh kaee lombards key majboot virodh kaa saamana kartaa thaa joe byzantine key khilaf yuddh jaari rakhna chaahte they aur shasson kaa saamana karna chaahte they. bhaari baadhaon parr yuddh mein jaane kii sambhavana kaa saamana karate hue, helichiz ney byzantine seey madad maangi. pretorian prefect longinus ney unhein apani patni, apane lombard aur gapid sainikon, shaahi khajaane aur albsuinda key saath milkar, sambhavatah shatrutapurna balon dwara aayojit bhoomi maarg seey bachane mein saksham banaaya, isake bajaay unhein pough koo byzantine-niyantrit revena mein bhej diyaa. bognetti kaa maanana haye kii longinus ney kissy bhee vaidh uttaradhikari seey vanchit karke lombard koo kamjor karane kii yojana banaai hogi. isake alawa, chala rahey yuddh key kaaran, ack nae raajaa koo aupchaarik roop seey chunane key liye sabhi yoddhaon koo ikattha karna mushkil thaa. iss yojana koo tikinam mein tainaat sainikon dwara kuchh bhee naheen laaya gayaa thaa, jinhone apani duke clayf raajaa koo chunaa, joe alboin kii aakramak neeti koo jaari rakhane key liye thaa. isake vipareet, wolfram kaa tark haye kii clayf koo tikinam mein chunaa gayaa thaa, jabaki helmichis abhee bhee verona mein taaj key liye apani bolly lagaa rhaa thaa.
mrityu.
ack baar ravna mein, helmate aur rosemond teji seey alag hoe gaye. paul key anusaar, longinus ney rosemund koo apane pati seey chhutkara paane key liye raaji kiya taaki vaha usase shaadi curr sakey. ise puuraa karane key liye, usane usey jahar seey bharaa ack cup pilaaya; haalaanki, marane seey pahale, helichi koo samajh aaya kii usaki patni ney kyaa kiya thaa aur usey bhee cup peene key liye majboor kiya, isaliye way donon marr gaye. wolfram key anusaar, rosemond key liye longinus key prastaav key khaate mein kuchh aitihaasik sachchai hoe sakati haye, kyonki raani seey shaadi karke lombard raajatva praapt karna sambhav thaa, lekin donon premiyon key anta kii kahani aitihaasik naheen haye, balki pauranik haye. agnellus dwara bataai gaee aapsi hatyaa koo joaquin martinez pizaro dwara ack alag vyakhya dee gaee haih vaha helichichis kii antim kaarravaai koo iss baat key prateek key roop mein dekhta haye kii kaise anta mein lingon kaa praakritik padanukram bahaal kiya jaataa haye, jaba raani key karyon ney aswabhavik roop seey uchit santulan koo sanshodhit kiya thaa.
iss bindu parr, longinus ney shaahi khajaane aur albusuinda koo samrajya kii rajdhani, constinople koo, helichiz kii senaaon key saath bheja, joe kii basentine bhaade key sanic banane vaale they. yeh ack aam byzantine ranneeti thee, joe pahale seey hii shuturmurgon parr lagu thee, jisake dwara badey rashtriya dalon koo anya theatres mein upayog karane key liye sthanantarit kiya gayaa thaa. maanaa jaataa haye kii yeye vahee 60,000 lombard hain jinhen ephisus key johnn dwara pramaanit kiya gayaa haye kii way 575 mein faarsiyon key khilaf seeriya mein sakriya they. albsuinda key liye, byzantine kootneeti kaa uddeshya shayed usey ack raajneetik upkaran key roop mein upayog karna thaa taaki ack samarthak byzantine raajaa koo lombard parr thopa jaa sakey. agnellus key anusaar, ack baar longinus key karyon ney samrat justine II key dhyaan mein aaya, unaki bahut prashansa kii gaee, aur samrat ney apane adhikaari koo bhavya upahaar diye.
ack gulam dwara hatyaa kiye jaane seey pahale clayf ney kewal 18 maheene taka apana simhaasan rakhaa. byzantine key liye ack mahatvapurna safalata yeh thee kii kissy bhee raajaa koo unake uttaradhikari key roop mein ghoshit naheen kiya gayaa thaa, jisase ack dashak kaa antarveshan shuru huaa aur itali mein rahane vaale lombards koo frank aur byzantine key hamalon key prati adhik samvedansheel banaa diyaa gayaa. yeh kewal taba thaa jaba 584 mein frank dwara vinash key khatare kaa saamana karna padaa thaa kii lombard duke ney clayf key bete, lekhak key roop mein ack nayaa raajaa chunaa, jisane lombard raajya key nishchit samekan aur kendrikaran kii shuruat kii.
praarambhik madhya yug key srot.
madhya yug key jeevit sroton mein seey chhah aise hain joe naam seey helmate kaa ullekh karate hain. inmein seey ekmatra samkaaleen haye 580 key dashak mein likhaa gayaa pratishodh key mesh kaa "kalakram". marius aventicum kaa bishap thaa, joe bargandi key frankish raajya mein paschimi alps mein sthit ack shahar thaa. aventicum seey italvi praaydweep taka kii chhoti doori key kaaran, itihaaskaar key paas uttari itali key baare mein jaankaari taka aasaan pahunch thee. iss kaaran seey, itihaaskaar roser collins "chronica" koo, halanki chhota, italvi mamalon parr vishvasaniya maanate hain. shesh srot sabhi itali seey aatey hain aur baad kii shataabdiyon mein likhe gaye they. unamen seey dou 7veen shatabdi mein likhe gaye they, "nirantarta haveniensis samriddh" aur "origo gentis langobardorum", donon gumnam they. nirantarta" 625 key aspas likhaa gayaa ack itihas haye joe ack pandulipi mein hamaare paas pahuncha haye. jaisa kii isake naam seey pataa chalata haye, yeh 5veen shatabdi key aquitain kii samriddhi key itihas kii nirantarta haye. seville key isidor key "chronica mejar" seey kaafee hudd taka vyutpann, yeh videshi aakramankariyon seey itali kii raksha karane mein asamarthata key liye romanon koo doshi thaharaata haye, aur frank seey desh kii raksha karane key liye lombard kii prashansa kartaa haye. yeh sabse purana jeevit kaam haye jisamen rosemond kaa naam diyaa gayaa haye, joe kii lombards kii raani haye joe helichi kii satyaapit jeevani mein kendriya bhoomika nibhaati haye. 7veen shatabdi kaa anya kaary, "origo", lombards kaa ack sankshipt gadya itihas haye joe anivarya roop seey ack annotated raajaa soochi haye, halanki yeh lombard rashtra key sansthaapak mithak key vivaran key saath shuru hotaa haye. giorgio ausenda kaa maanana haye kii "origo" koo "addictum rothery" key prastaavana key roop mein 643 key aspas likhaa gayaa thaa, aur 671 taka adyatan kiya jaanaa jaari rhaa. walter pohl key anusaar, lekhak key uddeshya jyaadaatar raajneetik hainh "origo" ack saajha itihas parr jore dekar lombard kii rashtriya pehchaan koo majboot karane kaa kaary kartaa haye. mool mithak key alawa, kewal ack adhik vistrit vivaran alboin kii mrityu key baare mein haye, aur iss prakaar helichiz.
572 key aspas kii ghatnaaon key liye, sabse vyaapak srot upalabdh paul dha decan kaa "historia langobardorum" haye, joe 744 taka key lombard rashtra kaa itihas haye. pustak 8 veen shatabdi key antim dou dashakon mein samaapt hui thee, jaba 774 mein franks dwara lombard samrajya parr vijay praapt kii gaee thee. kyonki lombard maukhik parampara seey sanrakshit kaee tukadon key kaam mein spasht upasthiti key kaaran, paul key kaam koo aksar ack lupt hoti sanskriti key liye ack shraddhanjali key roop mein vyakhya kii gaee haye. inn anyatha khoye hue paramparaon mein seey ack alboin kii mrityu kii kahani haye. hervig wolfram key anusaar, paul jiss cheej seey nipatata haye, vaha iss baat kaa ack udaaharan haye kii kaise rashtriya star parr mahatvapurna ghatnaaon koo vyaktigat roop seey saamoohik smriti mein sanrakshit karna aasaan banaaya gayaa thaa. historia langobardorum" key baad bhee, lekin sambhavatah pahale khoye hue sroton kaa upayog karate hue, helichiz key baare mein bolane key liye antim dou praathamik srot hainh anaam "historia langobardorum kodikis gothani" aur andreas agnellus dwara likhit "libber pontificalis acclesia reventis". pahala "origo" kaa ack sankshipt isai sanskaran haye joe 9veen shatabdi key pahale dashak mein carolingian drishtikon seey banaaya gayaa thaa. doosara 830 key dashak mein ravena key ack pujari dwara likhaa gayaa thaa aur yeh una bishapon kaa itihas haye jinhone yugon-yugon seey ravena kaa darshan kiya thaa. alboin aur rosemond parr agnellus kaa maarg jyaadaatar paul seey liya gayaa haye aur thodaa aur.

