
arther neve

arther neve, aim. dee. (1859-1919) ack isai chikitsa missionary they jinhone jeevan mein jaldi hii videsh mein seva karane kaa ahwan mahsoos kiya. ack pratishthit doctor key roop mein, jaba unhein dow. key chikitsa mission koo jaari rakhane key liye kashmir bulaaya gayaa tou unhone cumm umr mein swechha seey ghar chhod diyaa. theodor maxwell aur dow. villium elmsey. vaha asia chaley gaye aur kabhi peechhe mudkar naheen dekhaa, jald hii kashmir chikitsa mission key pramukh bunn gaye, jahan way apane bhaai ernest key saath kashmir mission aspatal kaa nirmaan karke agale chauntis varshon taka kashmir mein bimaaron kii seva karane key liye aage badhenge. apane dharm mein apani majboot jadon seey prabhaavit hocker, neve ney kashmir key logon kii seva kii, jabaki apane isai sandesh koo mukhya roop seey muslim aur brahmin kshetra mein bhee failaaya.
unhone pratham vishva yuddh mein bryton aur france key sainya aspatalon mein ack pramukh key roop mein bhee seva kii. apane ghar key liye seva karane aur yuddh mein ghayal logon key liye unake asadharan kaam key liye unaki prashansa kii gaee.
neve koo kashmir key graameen baahari ilaakon mein apani yaatraon key liye ack shaukeen parvatarohi key roop mein bhee yaad kiya jaataa haye, kyonki videsh mein rahate hue yatra aur bhaugolik anusandhaan unake pasandida shauk mein seey ack bunn gayaa thaa. yuddh mein apana samay puuraa karane key baad, vaha 1919 mein kashmir laut aae, jahan unaki mrityu hoe gaee.
prishthabhoomi.
praarambhik jeevan aur parivaar.
arther nev kaa janm 24 disambar 1859 koo bryton, ingland mein huaa thaa. unake maataa-pitaa ingland key church key prati dridhata seey samarpit they, aur usa samay church videsh mein joe chikitsa missionary kaam curr rhaa thaa, usamen ruchi rakhate they. unake maataa-pitaa ney apane dainik jeevan mein dharm koo shamil karane key liye kaam kiya, aur ack dhaarmik vatavaran mein badey honey vaale maataa-pitaa key saath joe chikitsa missionary kaary mein ruchi rakhate they, videsh mein seva karane kii unaki ichcha aur unake baaki currier aur jeevan bhar unake susamacharak kaary koo bahut prabhaavit kiya.
neve kaa ack chhota bhaai thaa jiska naam ernest thaa, joe usase dou saal chhota thaa. kyonki way umr mein itane karib they, way sub kuchh ack saath karate hue badey hue aur ack hii school mein padhate they. antatah unake paas vahee junoon they, aur antatah ernest nev apane bhaai key nakshekadam parr chalate hue badey hue aur kashmir mein arther key chikitsa mission key kaam mein shamil hoe gaye. vahaan, vaha kashmir mission aspatal mein ack maanad sarjan bunn gaye jahan way apane bhaai key saath rahate they aur apani mrityu taka rahey. neve bhaaiyon ney apani bhatiji, nora neve koo bhee missionary seva mein ack nurse key roop mein shamil honey key liye prerit kiya.
shiksha.
neve ney apani schooly shiksha bryton vyaakaran vidyalaya mein shuru kii, jahan unhone apane bhaai ernest key saath padhaai kii. isake baad way 1876 mein edinberg vishvavidyalaya mein jaane lagey. apane jeevan mein jaldi seva karane kaa ahwan mahsoos karane key baad, unhone vishvavidyalaya star parr apani padhaai mein pravesh kiya yeh jaanate hue kii vaha ack chikitsa missionary banana chaahte hain, aur vahaan apana praarambhik chikitsa prashikshan puuraa kiya.
edinberg vishvavidyalaya seey snaatak honey key baad unhone edinberg key shaahi aspatal mein ack grih chikitsak key roop mein kaam karna shuru kiya. aspatal mein anubhav praapt karane key baad, unhein edinberg chikitsa missionary society key tahat livingstone memorial dispensory aur prashikshan society mein nivasi chikitsa adhikaari niyukt kiya gayaa, jahaan unhone prashikshan aur anubhav praapt karna jaari rakhaa. iss samaaj ney ateet mein chikitsa missions key saath uchit matra mein kaam kiya thaa aur isamen bhaag liya thaa, iss prakaar, yaheen seey unhone videsh mein apane chikitsa kaary key liye taiyari aur prashikshan shuru kiya.
1881 mein, neve 39 cougate mein ack nivasi chikitsak bunn gaye, joe varishth chikitsa chhatron key liye kaee aushdhaalayon aur chhatravason mein seey ack thaa joe edinberg key garib jilon mein faile hue they. apane jile key saath, kabhi bhee jaruratmand logon key saath kaam karane kaa pahala anubhav huaa. vaha usa kshetra mein garibon key beach rahata thaa jahan vaha dou saal taka tainaat thaa, aur usake dainik karyon mein chikitsa, shalya chikitsa aur prasooti mamle shamil they. unhone 39 cougate parr apane poore samay mein apane dharm koo jeevit rakhane aur vyavhaar mein rakhane key liye bhee kaam kiya, aur baahari baithakon aur ravivaar key aam logon jaise karyakramon kaa netritva aur yojana banaakar aisaa kiya. 39 cougate parr yeh anubhav praapt karna vaha prerana bunn gayaa jisane kashmir key garib graameen kshetron mein seva karane key liye apane jeevan key kaam key liye taiyar aur prashikshit kiya.
kashmir mein chikitsa missionary kaary.
yatra.
yeh jaanate hue kii vaha cumm umr seey hii videsh mein ack aise kshetra mein seva karna chaahte they jahan way reh sakate they aur anya isaaiyon key beach seva curr sakate they, ney apana chikitsa prashikshan samaapt karane key baad vahaan kaam karane kii ummeed mein livingstone mein rahate hue africa parr kitaaben padhana shuru curr diyaa. unhone iss dauran kaam karane key baare mein poochtaachh karane aur uganda mein apani sevaaen dene kii peshkash karane taka kaa prayaas kiya. phir bhee ack dinn unhein dow. kaa phone aaya. downus, kashmir mein ack doctor jise kashmir aaney key liye ack doctor kii tatkaal aavashyakta thee joe uska uttaradhikari bunn sakata thaa.
achaanak, ney khud koo down key anurodh koo sweekaar karate hue paaya aur united kingdam mein apana jeevan chhodane aur kashmir jaane kaa faisala kiya. anya isaaiyon key beach kaam karane aur rahane kii apani praarambhik yojanaon koo badalane key bavjood, unhone iss vikalp koo naa kewal jaruratmand logon kii madad karane key apane junoon koo puuraa karane key avsar key roop mein dekhaa, balki kashmir mein rahane vaale dou samoohon mein isai dharm key apane sandesh koo failaane key liye bhee dekhaa, jinhone unake dharm, musalmaanon aur brahmanon kaa purjor virodh kiya.
down key prastaav koo sweekaar karane key turant baad, neve church missionary society mein shamil hoe gaye aur khud koo kashmir kii or jaate hue paaya. asia pahunchane parr, unhone apane pahale kuchh saptah bhaarat key chaaron or bombe, ajmer, jaipur aur dilli jaise sthaanon kii yatra mein bitaaye. apani yatra shuru karate hue, unhone kaee alag-alag doctors aur pujaariyon seey milane kaa apana lakshya nirdhaarit kiya taaki unake saath dosti aur gathbandhan banaaya jaa sakey. inn pahale kuchh hafton key dauran unhone kshetra mein anglican baptist aur presbyterian key beach sahyog aur upasthiti kii khoj karane key saath-saath una vibhinn shaharon key aspas pahale seey hii vibhinn chikitsa missions key baare mein antardrishti praapt karane kii bhee maang kii, jahaan way jaa rahey they. bhaarat key iss praarambhik daure seey unaki sabse badee safaltaon mein seey ack duniya key iss hisse mein unhein kiss prakaar kii beemariyon aur beemariyon kaa saamana karna padegaa, isaki unaki pahali jhalak thee, aur unhone paaya kii usa samay haija maleria kii ack badee upasthiti thee.
bhaarat key apane daure key baad, way 1882 mein kashmir pahunche, jahan unhone apana kaam shuru kiya, jahan unake poorvavartiyon, dow. villium jackson elmsey, dow. theodor maxwell aur dow. admond downus ney chhod diyaa. agale dou varshon key bheetar, vaha ernest key saath shamil hoe gayaa, jisane apana chikitsa prashikshan puuraa kiya aur abb vaha ack doctor thaa. 1898 mein, unaki bhatiji nora neve unake saath shamil hoe gaeen, jinhone church missionary society key saath apana nursing prashikshan puuraa kiya thaa.
chikitsa missionary kaary.
kashmir mission aspatal.
srinagar key graameen shahar mein pahunchane parr, jahan unhein kashmir mein kaam karane key liye bheja gayaa thaa, unhone paaya kii vahaan pahale seey hii ack mission aspatal thaa jise elmsey aur maxwell dwara sthaapit kiya gayaa thaa aur dow. unaki mrityu key baad seey. halanki vaha pahale seey maujood dakshata seey prabhaavit they, unakaa maanana thaa kii aspatal kii vartamaan sthitiyaan-risate hue godam aur mitty kii jhopadiyan, farsh parr padey mareej aur ack cumm prashikshit karmchari-prabhaavi upchaar aur badey paimaane parr sergery key liye anupayukt they. iss prakaar, neve koo turant pataa chala gayaa kii srinagar key logon kii madad karane key liye pahala kadam ack nayaa aspatal banaana thaa joe prakriyaon aur rogiyon donon koo samaayojit curr sakata haye aur saath hii srinagar mein nurses key liye prashikshan mein sudhaar curr sakata haye. phir bhee dhana kii kamee, sahaayata kii kamee aur sarkari samarthan yaa poorna sarkari anumodan kii praarambhik kamee key kaaran, iss yojana koo praarambhik baadhaon kaa saamana karna padaa.
aathh varshon key dauran, unhone apane bhaai key saath sthaaniya daataon seey dhana ikattha karane, chikitsa seva shulk seey dhana bachaane aur kashmir mission aspatal key nirmaan aur udghaatan key liye kashmir sarkaar kii manjuri praapt karane key liye kaam kiya. halanki yeh ack vyaapak prakriya thee, ack baar nirmit honey key baad, aspatal (ernest key anusaar) bunn gayaa, "kashmir mein sabse mahatvapurna saarvajanik sansthanon mein seey ack". yeh pariyojana 1888 mein shuru hui aur 1896 mein poori tarah seey poori hoe gaee aur chala rahee thee. mitty kii chhaton, mitty kii divaaron aur mitty key farsh koo badalkar, nae aspatal mein laal chhaton aur suramya baramade key saath poori italvi shally kii imaaraten theen. vahaan bhee aise pankh they joe adhikansh vikasit aspatalon seey milate-julate they, jaise kii ack baahya rogi wing jisamen shamil theh prateeksha kaksh, paramarsh kaksh, aushadhaalay, prayogashaalaaen, aur aiks-ray aur sanchaalan kaksh. yeye kamare naa kewal vikasit aur paryaapt they, balki way sabhi uchit chikitsa upkaranon aur abb achchi tarah seey prashikshit kashmiri karmchaariyon seey bhee lais they. aspatal kaa rakharkhaav aspatal mein aaney vaale british agantukon key haathon mein rhaa, rogiyon seey seva shulk, aur ack baar aspatal kii safalata spasht hoe jaane key baad, kashmiri kuleen varg.
kashmir key loga turant nae aspatal mein aaa gaye, kyonki srinagar mein rahane vaale adhikansh logon koo iss prakaar kii parishkrit dekhbhal kii peshkash kabhi naheen kii gaee thee. sabse aam beemaariyaan jinka ilaaj abhee taka naheen kiya gayaa thaa, way thee haija, tapedik aur netra roga. 1893 taka, poori tarah seey puuraa honey seey pahale, aspatal mein 135 bistar they aur 20,606 seey adhik rogiyon kaa ilaaj kiya gayaa thaa. jaise-jaise saal beetate gaye, aspatal kii safalata badhane luggy. isake khulane key pahale duss varshon key bheetar, salana, neve aur unake karmchari 30,000 rogiyon kaa ilaaj curr rahey they, 1,200 rogiyon koo muft mein khilaa rahey they, aur prati varsh 3,000-4,000 rogiyon parr kaam curr rahey they. jaise-jaise poore kashmir mein aspatal kii lokpriyata badhane luggy, loga poore kshetra seey unake karmchaariyon dwara ilaaj karaane key liye aae. aspatal kii lokpriyata kaa daira taba spasht hoe gayaa jaba rogi jansankhyikiya parr vichaar kiya gayaa, jaisa kii ernest ney bataaya kii yadi kissy koo kissy bhee samay aspatal key pankhon seey gujarna haye, tou sou seey adhik alag-alag gaanv yaa kasbon kaa pratinidhitva kiya jaa sakata haye.
kashmir mein thhandi sardiyon key dauran, neve ney apani isai dharm koo jeevit rakhane key liye kaam kiya aur apane susamacharak kaary koo mahatva diyaa. unhone prarthana yaa santvana key shabdon key liye aspatal key wardon mein rogiyon key saath isai paadari kaa daura karke aisaa kiya. unhone kissy bhee rogi key dhaarmik sambaddhata key saath koee bhedbhaav kiye binaa, pratyek rogi koo iss seva kii peshkash karane kaa ack bindu banaaya.
kashmir mein yaatraaen aur anya gatividhiyaan.
parvataarohan.
una samay key dauran jaba vaha aspatal seey chhutti lene mein saksham they, kabhi bhee yatra, una logon key liye chikitsa kaary key liye kashmir key baahari hisson kii khoj mein bahut anand naheen paaya joe unake aspatal taka naheen pahunch sakate they, yaa susamacharak kaary. 1882 mein kashmir key baahari ilaakon mein unaki pahali yatra ney iss junoon koo janm diyaa, kyonki isase unhein anya janjaatiyon, gaanvon, logon aur ilaakon koo dekhane kaa mauka milaa. iss pahale daure ney unhein yeh vishvaas dilaaya kii kashmir key inn vibhinn hisson mein aur adhik chikitsa aavashyakta aur kaam kiya jaanaa thaa, aur iss mansikta ney unhein aspatal key nirmaan kii lambi prakriya shuru karane mein yogdan diyaa.
inn bhramnon key dauran, unhone hindu ghaati, saltoro ghaati aur taigoor jaise sthaanon kii yatra kii. vaha ack pratishthit parvatarohi bunn gaye, aur unaki kuchh ullekhaniya chadhaai mein 23,000 feat kii oonchaai parr nana kuna kii chadhaai key saath-saath himalaya mein nubra ghaati bhee shamil haye.
apane khaali samay mein, ney kaee alag-alag prakaar key sangeet aur jall rung sketching kaa bhee anand liya.
yuddh mein maanyata, uplabdhiyaan aur samay.
chikitsa maanyataaen.
videsh mein seva karane key ahwan kaa jawab dene parr, unhone kashmir mein 34 saal kashmir chikitsa mission key pramukh key roop mein bitaaye aur sattais varshon taka apane swa-nirmit kashmir mission aspatal key pramukh rahey. unhone apani mrityu taka iss pada parr kaary kiya, jisake baad unake bhaai ney ise unake liye sambhal liya. kashmir aur poore bhaarat mein samudaayon mein apani chikitsa uplabdhiyon seey praapt sammaan key kaaran, unhein 1908-1910 seey medical missionary association off india key adhyaksh kaa pada diyaa gayaa, aur 1909 mein unhone bhaaratiya chikitsa congress key upaadhyaksh key roop mein kaary kiya. unhein 1901 mein bhaarat mein british sarkaar dwara casser-aeye-hind swarn padak seey sammaanit kiya gayaa thaa. neve koo advitiya kaangadi cancer key vivaran key liye bhee jaanaa jaataa thaa, joe kewal kashmir mein paaya jaane vaalaa twacha kaa cancer haye.
anya uplabdhiyaan.
neve ack shaukeen lekhak they aur aksar kashmir key baare mein likhate they. unhone "kashmir, laddakh aur tibbat" (1899), "suramya kashmir" (1900), "kashmir mein tees saal" (1913), "kashmir, laddakh aur scardo key liye paryatak guide" (1923) jaisi pustaken likhin, joe sabhi aisee kritiyaan theen joe unake abhiyaanon koo darj karati theen joe unhone aspatal seey chhuttiyon key dauran kiye they. parvataarohan aur bhugol key prati unake junoon key kaaran unhein himnadon key adhyayan aur himalayon key apane mool bhaugolik shodh key kaaran 1911 mein shaahi bhaugolik samaaj seey puraskar praapt huaa.
pratham vishva yuddh mein chikitsa kaary.
1914 mein, neve koo ack farlo key liye deya thaa, iss prakaar, vaha bryton laut aae aur unhone apani sevaaon kii peshkash karane aur pratham vishva yuddh mein british yuddh key prayaas key liye seva karane kaa faisala kiya. vaha jaldi hii ack mejar bunn gayaa, aar.aeye.aim.see bryton mein kitchner aspatal mein aur baad mein dartford sainya aspatal mein iss shreni koo jaari rakhaa. inn aspatalon mein, unake kaushal ney naa kewal yuddh mein sabhi ghayalon kii seva karane mein madad kii, balki angrejon key liye seva karane vaale bhaaratiya sainikon kii bhee seva kii, kyonki bhaarat key baare mein unakaa gyaan aur unake saath samvaad karane kii unaki kshamata ney ack pramukh sampatti key roop mein kaam kiya. apane belt key tahat kaee varshon key anubhav key saath, neve kii iss yuddh aspatal mein kiye gaye kaam key liye prashansa kii gaee thee, aur 1918 mein unhein unake yuddh aspatal mein seva karane key liye france bheja gayaa thaa. vahaan, neve kaa kaam aparyaapt karmchaariyon aur lambe, kathin dinon seey lais thaa. france mein ack saal key baad, neve kashmir mein apane ghar lautane mein saksham they, jahan haija kaa prakop abhee-abhee failane lagaa thaa.
mrityu aur viraasat.
chaar saal taka angrejon key liye seva karane key baad thuck gaye aur turant haija mahamari kaa ilaaj shuru karane key liye kashmir laut aae, dow. arther nev koo 1919 key shuruati patan mein bukhaar aaya thaa joe pichhale varsh france mein rahate hue praapt ack influenzae key parinamswarup thaa. thheek honey mein asamarth, 5 sitambar 1919 koo unaki mrityu hoe gaee.
poore kashmir mein kaee alag-alag dharmon key logon ney door-door taka neve kii kshati koo mahsoos kiya. ernest key anusaar, unakaa antim sanskar ack pradarshan thaa...ameer aur garib, uchch aur nimn, joe kaee jaatiyon aur dharmon key loga iska paalan karate they, unakaa vishal samooh-yeye sabhi sanket they, humm achchi tarah seey vishvaas curr sakate hain, kuchh gahara aur adhik sthaayi mahatva kaa, gawah aur seva mein bitaaye gaye jeevan kii sundarta kii sachchi maanyata."
unaki mrityu mein, hindu aur muslim samudaay ney unaki kshati koo sweekaar kiya, jaisa kii hindu samaaj key ack sadasya ney daavaa kiya...unhein desh aur usake nivaasiyon key prati vishesh aur sachcha pyaar thaa, [aur unhone] sabhi kii seva kii...jaati yaa ling key antar key binaa.". surr aurel stein, joe madhya asia key ack pratishthit adhikaari they, ney neve key baare mein baat kii...iss bhoomi mein aashaa kii kiran, jisane itna nuksan jhelaa haye...". unaki viraasat aur jeevan key kaam kaa saransh kashmir mein poorv nivasi british raajneetik agent dwara ack bayaan mein diyaa gayaa thaa, jinhone kahaa thaa...kashmir key liye itna kuchh naheen kiya jitna unhone kiya haye, aur apane sant aur nihswaarth jeevan kii smriti, aur ack sarjan key roop mein apane uchch kaushal kii smriti aaney vaale kaee varshon taka bunny rahegi, naa kewal srinagar mein, balki kashmir key lagbhag harr gaanv mein."
unaki mrityu key sammaan mein, kaee logon ney kashmir key chikitsa aspatal koo daan diyaa, jahan ernest ney 1946 mein apani mrityu taka neve kii viraasat jaari rakhee.

