
vyabhichaar

vyabhichaar aam taur parr dou logon key beach anaitik yaun sambandh haye joe ack dusare seey shaadi naheen karate hain. jaba sahamati seey yaun sambandh banaane vaale ack yaa adhik bhagidaron kaa vivaah kissy anya vyakti seey hoe jaataa haye, tou ise vyabhichaar kahaa jaataa haye. johnn calvin ney vyabhichaar koo kissy bhee yaun kaary key roop mein dekhaa joe yaun sambhog key liye divya model seey baahar haye, jisamen vyabhichaar shamil haye.
kaee logon key liye, yeh shabd naitik yaa dhaarmik asweekriti kaa ack agrasaar haye, lekin yaun krityon kaa mahatva jiss parr yeh shabd lagu kiya jaataa haye, dharmon, samajon aur sanskritiyon key beach bhinn hotaa haye. aadhunik upayog mein, iss shabd koo aksar adhik nirnay-tatasth shabdon jaise "vivaah seey pahale kaa yaun sambandh", "vivaahetar yaun sambandh" yaa "manoranjak yaun sambandh" key saath badal diyaa jaataa haye.
vyutpatti aur upayog.
nae vasiyatnama key mool yunani sanskaran mein, "pornea" shabd (πορνεία-"veshyavritti") kaa upayog 25 baar kiya jaataa haye (aanuvanshik πορνείας jaise roopon sahit).
chauthi shatabdi key anta mein, lattin vulgate, yunani granthon kaa ack lattin anuvaad, ney iss shabd kaa anuvaad "fornicati", "fornicatus", "fornicata" aur "fornicate" key roop mein kiya. vyabhichaar" aur "vyabhichaar" shabd 1599 kii geneva bible, 1611 key raajaa james sanskaran, 1899 key catholic doye-rims bible aur 1901 key americi maanak sanskaran mein paae jaate hain. vishva yuddh 2 key baad key kaee aadhunik bible anuvaad poori tarah seey "vyabhichariyon" aur "vyabhichaar" key sabhi upayog seey bachate hainh angreji maanak sanskaran, nayaa jeevit anuvaad, nayaa antarrashtriya sanskaran, isai maanak bible, achchi khabar bible aur samkaaleen angreji sanskaran "vyabhichaar" yaa "vyabhichariyon" shabdon kaa upayog naheen karate hain. jahan ack anuvaad "vyabhichaar" kaa upayog curr sakata haye, doosara anuvaad "veshyavritti", "yaun anaitikta" (udaa.jee.) yaa adhik saralata seey "anaitik" yaa "anaitikta".
lattin mein, "fornix" shabd kaa arth haye mehrab yaa tehkhana. pracheen rome mein, veshyaaen apane grahakon key liye barish seey baahar chhat key neeche prateeksha karati theen, aur "fornix" veshyalayon key liye ack saumyokti bunn gaee, aur lattin kriya "fornicare" ack veshyalaya mein jaane vaale vyakti koo sandarbhit karati thee. angreji mein pahala darj upayog "cursor mundi" mein haye; oxford angreji shabdakosh (oad) ack alankarik upayog koo bhee darj kartaa haih "moortiyon key liye bhagwan koo chhodana". "vyabhichaar" ack visheshan key roop mein abhee bhee vanaspati vigyaan mein upayog kiya jaataa haye, jiska arth haye "dhanushakar" yaa "jhukana" (ack patte mein). johnn milton ney "church-sarkaar key kaaran mein" shabd key dohare arth parr naatak kiya, joe kii prelaty key khilaf aagrah kiya gayaa thaa (1642): "[vaha] apane shareer koo ack bhaade key aadami koo saunp detee haye joe" vyabhichaar [ar] chez "key tahat haye jise vaha devtaon kaa ghar maanati haye."
itihas, sanskritiyon aur kaanoonon key paar.
2000 aur 2008 key beach 31 vikaasheel deshon koo cover karate hue "americi samajshastriya sameeksha" dwara kiye gaye ack sarvekshan mein paaya gayaa kii "94 pratishat yahudi... 79 pratishat isaaiyon, 65 pratishat bauddhon, 43 pratishat musalmaanon aur 19 pratishat hinduon kii tulanaa mein vivaah seey pahale yaun sambandh rakhane kii soochana dee gaee."
roman samrajya.
chhathi shatabdi key dauran, samrat justinian ney kaanoon banaaya joe agali sahasrabdi key liye paschimi vivaah kaanoon kaa aadhar banana thaa. unake kaanoonon key tahat, saha-vaas karane vaale jodon koo abb vivaahit key roop mein maanyata naheen dee gaee thee aur unake bachchon koo avaidh maanaa jaataa thaa, veshyaon key bachchon key samaan sthiti key saath. haalaanki, avaidh bachchon kii sthiti koo adyatan kiya jaa sakata haye yadi maataa-pitaa baad mein shaadi curr lete hain.
grate britten.
1170 key dashak mein, "shaadi seey pahale sadharan jodon key liye saha-vaas karna aur chachere bhaaiyon key liye ack-dusare seey shaadi karna aam baat thee" aur madhyayugeen ingland mein kissy bhee samajik star parr kaminon key baare mein bahut cumm kalank thaa. udaaharan key liye, villium key normandy key simhaasan parr safal honey key adhikaar parr kabhi bhee iss aadhar parr sawal naheen uthaaya gayaa kii vaha ack kameena thaa aur naa hii, harold godwinson key saath iss mudde parr kii ingland parr kise shasson karna chaahiye, yeh unake khilaf ack tark key roop mein uthaaya gayaa thaa. haalaanki, kuchh peedhiyon key baad jaba kameene abb angreji simhaasan parr daavaa karane mein saksham naheen they, tou drishtikon badal gayaa. valdenus key loga ack madhyayugeen sampradaay they jinn parr vyabhichaar kaa aarop lagaaya gayaa thaa aur isake baare mein paap naheen thaa.
puritance key prabhutva key dauran, 1650 mein raajya kii angreji parishad dwara vyabhichaar, vyabhichaar aur vyabhichaar key ghrinit paapon koo dabaane key liye ack adhiniyam paarit kiya gayaa thaa. 1660 mein bahaali parr, iss kaanoon koo navinikrit naheen kiya gayaa thaa, aur kewal vyabhichaar key kaary key abhiyojan koo hii chhod diyaa gayaa thaa. haalaanki, kukhyaat aur khule taur parr ashishtata, jaba romanchak saarvajanik ghotale kii seema taka leey jaaya jaataa haye, tou samanya kaanoon mein ack abhiyog yogya aparaadh banaa rhaa, haalaanki niji arthon mein vyabhichaar avaidh naheen thaa.
vivaah adhiniyam 1753 key paarit honey seey pahale, 1730 aur 1740 key dashak key dauran kameene bachchon key khilaf kaanoon adhik sakht hoe gaye.
haalaanki, victorian yug mein, angreji shramik varg key paas uchch-madhyam aur uchch vargon seey alag yaun roodhiyaan bunny raheen. vivaah poorv sambhog koo shramik varg key liye sweekarya maanaa jaataa thaa, lekin prem prasang kii vistaarit avadhi key baad hii aur taba bhee kabhi-kabhi aisaa hotaa thaa. halanki, dampati key shaadi karane kii ummeed thee. upman tabhi utpann huaa jaba mahila garbhavati hoe gaee aur dampati ney shaadi naheen kii.
sanyukt raajya america.
sahamati kii umr taka pahunch chuke vishamalaingik logon key beach yaun sambandhon seey utpann honey vaale naitik muddon koo aam taur parr niji naitikta key mamalon key roop mein dekhaa gayaa haye, aur isaliye, aam taur parr aam kaanoon mein aaparaadhik apraadhon key roop mein mukadama naheen chalaaya gayaa haye. yeh kanuni sthiti sanyukt raajya america koo united kingdam seey viraasat mein millie thee. baad mein, kuchh adhikaar kshetron, dakshini aur purvi sanyukt raajya america mein kull 16, saath hii wisconsin aur yuu. tii. aeye. raajyon ney vyabhichaar key aparaadh koo banaane vaale kaanoon paarit kiye joe vipareet ling key dou avivaahit logon key beach (yoni) yaun sambandh koo pratibandhit karate hain. inmein seey adhikansh kaanoonon koo yaa tou nirast curr diyaa gayaa thaa yaa kaee raajyon mein adalaton dwara unake raajya samvidhaan key liye apriya honey key roop mein khariz curr diyaa gayaa thaa. pollard vee. mein. lyon "(1875), yuu.aiss. sarvocch nyayalaya ney kolambiya yuu key ack jile koo barkarar rakhaa.aiss. jilaa adalat ney faisala sunaaya kii vaadi dwara vyabhichaar key aaropi key mamle mein prativaadi dwara boley gaye shabd apshabd key liye kaarravaai yogya naheen they kyonki vyabhichaar, halanki naitik adhamata seey judaa huaa thaa, usa samay kolambiya jile mein ack abhiyog yogya aparaadh naheen thaa kyonki yeh 1785 seey maryland mein ack abhiyog yogya aparaadh naheen thaa (jaba 1715 mein ack praantiya kaanoon paarit kiya gayaa thaa jisane vyabhichaar aur vyabhichaar donon parr pratibandh lagaa diyaa thaa, tou maryland mahasabha dwara kewal iska vyabhichaar nishedh nirast kiya gayaa thaa). yeh bhee dekhein "raajya v. sonders, "381 aeye. 2dee 333 (aine.jey. 1977), "martin vee. ziharl, "607 aiss.ee. 2dee 367 (vee. aeye.). 2005). america mein ekmatra raajya jisamen vyabhichaar parr pratibandh lagaane kaa kaanoon haye, vaha mississippi haye. uttari carolina mein thodaa adhik shamil haye lekin phir bhee praasangik kaanoon haye, jisamen kahaa gayaa haye, "yadi koee purush aur mahila, ack-dusare seey shaadi naheen curr rahey hain, tou way ashisht aur kamuk roop seey ack saath judenge, bistar aur sahvaas karenge, tou way varg 2 key durachar key doshi honge."
vyabhichaar key aparaadh koo paribhaashit karane vaale kaanoonon key bajaay, vyabhichaar key aparaadh koo paribhaashit karane vaale aaparaadhik kaanoonon key tahat vyabhichaar key kuchh krityon koo pratibandhit kiya gayaa thaa. haalaanki, yuu.aiss. laurence banaam" mein sarvocch nyayalaya kaa nirnay. texas "(2003) ney raajyon key sodomi seey sambandhit shesh kaanoonon koo apravartaniya banaa diyaa. "laurence vee. texas "koo kaee logon dwara vyabhichaar koo pratibandhit karane vaale kaanoonon koo amaanya karane key liye bhee maanaa jaataa haih nirnay ney sodomi kaanoonon koo asamvaidhaanik ghoshit curr diyaa, yeh kahate hue kii way asambandhit vayaskon key beach niji, sahamati, gair-vaanijyik antarang sambandhon mein hastakshep karate hain, aur isaliye swatantrata aur gopaniyata key adhikaaron key liye ghrinit they, aise adhikaar sanyukt raajya key logon dwara banaae rakhe jaa rahey hain.
australia.
2003 key ack sarvekshan mein bataaya gayaa kii adhikansh gair-dhaarmik australiyai logon ney socha kii vivaah seey pahale yaun sambandh sweekarya thaa. isane dikhaaya kii udaarvaad, shiksha key star, roodhivaadi dhaarmik maanyataon kii kamee aur vivaah seey pahale yaun sambandh key prati anumati dene vaale drishtikon key beach ack sambandh thaa.
islami rashtra.
kuchh muslim deshon jaise saudi arab, pakistan, afghanistan, iran, kuwait, brunei, maldiv, malaysia, morakko, oman, mauritania, katar, sudan aur yaman mein vivaah key baahar kissy bhee prakaar kii yaun gatividhi avaidh haye.
 (vivaahpoorv yaun sambandh) aur vyabhichaar islam mein sakhti seey nishiddh hain, kyonki iss prakaar kii kaarravaai key prasaar seey aise bachche paida hotey hain joe apane maataa-pitaa koo naheen jaanate hain aur parivaar kii avadharana samaapt hoe jaayegi. islam parivaar aur bachchon key apane maataa-pitaa key prati dayalu honey kii avadharana parr jore detaa haye. kurran key anusaar islam mein sajaa kewal avivaahiton key liye maarnaa haye, vidvaanon koo hadis key anusaar kewal shadishuda logon key liye patthar maarne kii anumati haye. iss sajaa koo lagu karane key liye, iss ghatana koo dekhane vaale chaar loga honey chaahiye taaki isaki soochana dee jaa sakey. yadi abhiyukt nyayadhish key samaksh chaar gawah pesh karane mein whiffle rahata haye, tou abhiyukt koo apshabd key liye sajaa milegi jaisa kii kurran mein ullekh kiya gayaa haih "aur joe shuddh mahilaaon parr aarop lagaate hain, aur chaar gawah pesh naheen karate hain, unhein assie dhaariyon seey kode maarte hain, aur unaki gawahi koo hamesha key liye aswikar curr dete hain. way (jhooth bolane vaale, vidrohi, allah kii avagya karane vaale) vaastav mein hain.
yadi aparaadh karane vaalaa vyakti kissy nyayadhish key samaksh adalat mein saabit hoe gayaa haye kii usane aisaa kiya haye, aur yadi way vivaahit hain, tou hii unhein pathraav yaa pathraav key adheen kiya jaa sakata haye, basharte kii pathraav kewal kanuni adhikaariyon dwara kiya jaa sakata haye.
poorv-aadhunik yug key kaee udaaharan hain aur kanuni roop seey pathraav key kaee halia mamle hain. aadhunik samay mein yeh ack adhik mahatvapurna mudda bunn gayaa, kyonki islami andolanon aur sarkaaron ney saarvajanik anaitikta key khilaf vivaad kaa istemal kiya. algerian grihyuddh key dauran, islami vidrohiyon ney dheele naitikta key sandeh mein mahilaaon kii hatyaa curr dee, taliban ney machinegan kaa upayog karke sandigdh vayask mahilaaon koo maar daala, aur sammaan hatyaon key liye auchitya key roop mein upayog kiya gayaa haye. aadhunik yug mein europeeya-prerit kaanoonon dwara vyaapak roop seey shariya-adharit aaparaadhik kaanoonon key pratisthaapit honey key baad, kaee deshon ney kanuni sudhaar paarit kiye jisamen kaanoonon key tatvon koo unake kanuni sanhitaon mein shamil kiya gayaa. iran ney islami kranti key baad kaee atyadhik prachaarit pattharbaaji dekhi. nigeria mein, sthaaniya adalaton ney kaee pathraav kii sajaayen paarit kii hain, jinamen seey sabhi koo appeal parr palat diyaa gayaa thaa yaa apravartit chhod diyaa gayaa thaa. pakistan mein, 1979 key hudud adhyadeshon ney balatkar key abhiyojan koo iss shreni key tahat shamil curr liya, joe paaramparik nyaayik pratha seey alag haye, aur balatkar koo saabit karna behad mushkil banaata haye, jabaki peediton koo avaidh sambhog koo sweekaar karane key liye jail kii sajaa kaa saamana karna padata haye. haalaanki inn kaanoonon koo 2006 mein sanshodhit kiya gayaa thaa, phir bhee way balatkar aur sahamati seey yaun sambandh key beach kanuni antar koo dhundhala karate hain. manvadhikar sangathanon key anusaar, saudi arab mein bhee pattharbaaji kii gaee haye.
dhaarmik vichaar.
beh 'ee.
bahaaiyon koo shaadi seey pahale "bilkul pavitra" honah aavashyak haye. bahiyon key liye iska matlab naa kewal vyabhichaar seey door rehna haye, balki shaadi seey pahale galey lagaane aur choomane seey bhee door rehna haye. beh 'ee vishvaas kii sabse pavitra pustak, kitab-aeye-akdas, vyabhichaar koo jurmaane key saath dandit karati haye joe harr aparaadh key saath doguna hoe jaataa haye (jaise kii gehuun aur shatranj kii samasya mein). iss paap key liye kitab-aeye-akdas mein upayog kiya jaane vaalaa arabi shabd haye, joe sandarbh key aadhar parr vyabhichaar yaa vyabhichaar koo sandarbhit curr sakata haye, lekin 'abdul-baaha' ney spasht kiya haye kii iss sandarbh mein zinaa shabd vyabhichaar koo sandarbhit kartaa haye. 'abdul-bahaa aage kahata haye kii iss sajaa kaa uddeshya samaaj kii nazaron mein vyabhichariyon koo sharminda karna aur apamaanit karna haye.
bauddh dharm.
bauddh dharm apane paadari varg mein vivaahetar yaun sambandh aur vyabhichaar koo aswikar kartaa haye, jise yaun durachar maanaa jaataa haye. bauddh dharm key upadesh vishesh roop seey mathon key liye vyabhichaar kii ninda karate hain. haalaanki aam logon key beach yaun gatividhiyon koo unake apane vivek parr chhod diyaa jaataa haye jaba taka kii yeh vyabhichaar jaise yaun durachar naheen haih paschimi sabhyata dwara paaramparik roop seey samajhe jaane vaale "vyabhichaar" koo yaun durachar naheen maanaa jaataa haye. abrahamik dharmon (isai dharm, yahudi dharm aur islam) key vipareet, jinamen vivaah key baahar vishisht vyavhaar aur yaun sambandh key baare mein sakht niyam hain, "bauddh dharm mein vishisht vyavhaaron key baare mein samaan roop seey sakht niyam naheen hain.
2013 mein prakaashit ack adhyayan mein paaya gayaa kii bauddhon key vivaah seey pahale yaun sambandh banaane kii sabse adhik sambhavana sabhi pramukh dhaarmik samoohon mein thee, jisamen 85 pratishat seey adhik bauddhon ney aisaa karane kii soochana dee thee.
isai dharm.
saamaanyataaen.
paulin epistal mein vivaahetar yaun sambandh key vibhinn roopon kii kaee nindaaen hoti hain. corinthians koo likhe gaye pahale patra mein kahaa gayaa haye kii "yaun anaitikta seey bhaag jaao" aur vyabhichariyon aur "joe yaun anaitik hain"/vyavhaar karane vaale-veshyaon koo "galat karane vaalon kii soochi mein soochibaddh kiya gayaa haye...] ishwar key raajya kaa uttaradhikari naheen hoga" (1 kurinthiyon 6hah9 aur 6hah18). pratham corinthians aur galletians koo patra bhee vyabhichaar koo sambodhit karate hain. jerusalam kii parishad key apostolic decree mein vyabhichaar kaa nishedh bhee shamil haye.
poore itihas mein, adhikansh dharmshastriyon ney tark diyaa haye kii vivaah seey pahale key yaun sambandh key kissy bhee aur sabhi roop anaitik hain. ack aitihaasik udaaharan madhyayugeen angreji mathwasi, johnn beckenthorp haye. ack adhik samkaaleen udaaharan aadhunik dharamshastri lii gattis hain joe tark dete hain kii vivaah seey pahale kaa yaun sambandh dharmgranth parr adharit anaitik haye. vaha kahata haye kii, bibil key drishtikon seey, "shaaririk millen" ack shareer "(i.ee. vivaah) sangh [...] [1 kurinthiyon] adhyaay 7 mein paul dou avivaahit isaaiyon kii sthiti koo sambodhit kartaa haye joe junoon (7:8-9) key saath jall rahey hain jinhen yaa tou aatm-niyantran kaa abhyaas karna chaahiye yaa shaadi karane kii anumati dee jaani chaahiye (cf. chhand 36-38). antarnihit dhaaranaaen vyavasthaavivaran 22 mein samaan hain."
kuchh alpasankhyak dharmshastriyon ney haal key dinon mein tark diyaa haye kii kuchh seemit paristhitiyon mein vivaah seey pahale yaun sambandh anaitik naheen hoe sakate hain. ack udaaharan johnn vitte haye, joe tark detaa haye kii bible swayam ack sagaai jode key beach sahamati, vivaah seey pahale key yaun sambandh key mudde parr chup haye. dusare shabdon mein, vivek kaa daavaa haye kii bible avaidh yaun sambandhon kii apani soochi seey vivaah seey pahale key yaun sambandh koo baahar karati haye (laviticus 18) halanki laviticus 18 ekmatra aisee soochi naheen haye, naa hii laviticus 18 vyaapak roop seey anachar key roopon key liye samarpit honey kaa daavaa kartaa haye.
kuchh bahas iss sawal seey utpann hoti haye kii kiss dharamshastriya drishtikon koo lagu kiya jaa rhaa haye. sex kaa ack deontological drishtikon pornea, asselgia aur acathersia koo iss sandarbh mein vyakhya kartaa haye kii kyaa dampati vivaahit hain yaa avivaahit hain. joe baat yaun sambandh koo naitik yaa anaitik banaati haye, vaha haye vivaah kaa sandarbh. isake vipareet, ack teleological drishtikon sambandh kii gunavatta key sandarbh mein pornea, asselgia aur acathersia kii vyakhya kartaa haye (yeh bhagwan kii mahima aur ack pratibaddh, gunee sambandh kii isai dhaaranaon koo kitni achchi tarah seey darshaata haye).
bahas dou yunani shabdon (,) aur (, jiska arth haye, jinase "pornography" shabd nikla haye) kii paribhasha parr bhee badal jaati haye. pahala shabd jeevansathi key yaun vishvaasghaat seey judey sandarbhon taka seemit haye; doosara shabd avaidh yaun gatividhi key liye ack samanya shabd key roop mein upayog kiya jaataa haye, halanki kaee vidvaanon kaa maanana haye kii septuagint vishesh roop seey purush mandir veshyavritti koo sandarbhit karane key liye upayog kiya jaataa haye. pahale corinthians mein kaheen aur, anachar, samlaingik sambhog aur veshyavritti sabhi spasht roop seey naam seey varjit hain.
paul pavitrata praapt karane key sandarbh mein leveeya shaastra mein diye gaye yaun nishedhon parr adharit gatividhiyon key baare mein prachaar curr rhaa haye. isaliye ack siddhant bataata haye kii yeye vyavhaar hain, aur kewal yeye, joe adhyaay saat mein paul key nishedh dwara abhipret hain. adhikansh mukhyadhara key isai sroton kaa maanana haye kii isamen vivaah seey pahale key yaun sambandh key sabhi roop shamil hain. udaaharan key liye, vyabhichaar koo paribhaashit karane mein, kittel aur friedrich key 1977 key "nae vasiyatname key dhaarmik shabdakosh" mein kahaa gayaa haye kii "aine. tii. sabhi vivaahetar aur apraakritik sambhog key binaa shart khandan kii visheshta haye. isi tarah, freeberg kaa "yunani nae vasiyatnama key liye vishleshanatmak shabdakosh" "aam taur parr, harr prakaar key vivaahetar, gairkaanooni yaa apraakritik yaun sambhog" key roop mein paribhaashit kartaa haye.
lii gattis kaa yeh bhee tark haye kii isamen vivaah seey pahale key yaun sambandh key sabhi roop shamil hain. vaha kahata haye kii "vyabhichaar" shabd fashion seey baahar hoe gayaa haye aur gair-vaivaahik yaun sambandh kaa varnan karane key liye aam upayog mein naheen haye. haalaanki, yeh ack utkrisht anuvaad haye, joe mool roop seey vivaah key baahar kissy bhee prakaar key yaun sambandh koo sandarbhit kartaa haye...] yeh vivaadit haye [...] lekin vidvata kaa bhaari bhaar aur pracheen duniya seey sabhi upalabdh sakshya iss disha mein dridhata seey ingit karate hain. "yaun anaitikta seey bhaagen () aur aatm-niyantran kaa peechha karein" (see. aff.). 1 4:1-8) ack yaun-pagal duniya mein isaaiyon key liye seedha sandesh thaa."
yeeshu aur praarambhik church.
yeeshu key samay mein vivaah aur kamukta key prati drishtikon roman aur yahudi vichaaron key mishran seey utpann huaa. udaaharan key liye, yeeshu key jivankal key dauran, rome key logon mein bahuvivaah key prati ack majboot samajik asweekriti thee. kulpatiyon aur raajaon key beach iss vyavhaar key udaharanon koo chitrit karane vaale puraane vasiyatname key bavjood, isane yahudi dharm aur praarambhik isai dharm mein apana raasta banaaya.
yeeshu key samay mein yahudi vivaah dou charanon vaali prakriya thee. sabse pahale, ack vivaah-bandhan thaa jisamen purush ney mahila koo apani ekmatra dulhan honey kaa daavaa kiya thaa. doosara, vivaah anubandh thaa jisamen nirdisht kiya gayaa thaa kii dulhan aur doolhe key parivaar jode koo kyaa denge aur aggar dulhan talaak leey letee haye tou usey kyaa milega. "yeeshu key samay, aur gallile jaise graameen kshetron mein, ack yuva jodaa anubandh parr hastakshar karane seey pahale achchi tarah seey saha-nivaas curr sakata haye" taaki 'parichit hoe'. vivaah-bandhan koo vivaah key liye paryaapt maanaa gayaa thaa kii yadi dampati vivaah-bandhan aur anubandh key beach vibhajit hoe jaate hain tou talaak kii aavashyakta hogi.", jisamen abhee taka avivaahit joseph mairi koo yeeshu key saath garbhavati honey key sambhaavit ghotale seey bachane key liye talaak dene parr vichaar kartaa haye, iss pratha kaa sanket detaa haye.
vaivaahik mamalon parr praarambhik church key bayaan mukhya roop seey talaak aur punarvivah key sweekarya karanon seey sambandhit they. jabaki paul ney praarambhik vishvaasiyon key liye apane patron mein iss baat parr jore diyaa kii brahmacharya aur vivaah donon jeevan key achche roop they, unake jeevan key baad church ney mahsoos kiya kii brahmacharya adhik gunee aur mukt thaa. yeh dhyaan isaliye aaya kyonki praarambhik church bahut tapasvi thaa, sambhavatah yunani daarshanik vichaar key prabhaav key kaaran. brahmacharya parr dhyaan kendrit karane kaa matlab thaa kii gair-selibet key liye yaun naitikta seey sambandhit anya mudde avikasit rahey.
hippo key vichaaron key baare mein augustin ney dridhata seey prabhaavit kiya kii baad mein isai sex key baare mein kaise sochate they. isai banane seey pahale, usane apani (isai) maan kii chinta kii chetavani kii avahelana mein ack rakhail koo liya thaa, "vyabhichaar naa karane key liye. "halanki apani kamuk ichchhaon koo puuraa karane mein paapi, augustin khud koo kuchh shreya detaa haye, yeh likhate hue kii" "anand kii merrie khoj mein joe ekal ichcha haavi thee vaha kewal pyaar karna aur pyaar kiya jaanaa thaa. bahut baad mein, unakaa maanana thaa kii samasya yeh thee kii unake pyaar mein "munn key saath munn key adaan-pradaan seey koee sanyam naheen lagaaya gayaa thaa. isaliye, shuddh prem vasna kii or galat disha mein jaane seey vikrit hoe gayaa thaa, jabaki ack ishwariya sambandh koo isake bajaay ack prempurna, tarksangat saajhedaari parr dhyaan kendrit karna chaahiye.
apane baad key lekhan mein, augustein koo "yaun junoon key baare mein gahara sandeh thaa" aur isane vartamaan dinn taka sabhi pramukh isai sampradayon key drishtikon koo prabhaavit kiya haye. augustin koo vyabhichaar kii dou paribhaashaaen maani jaati hainh pahali "ack veshya seey chipakana" aur doosari, vyaapak aur adhik sateek thee "joe purush patniyaan naheen rakhate hain way una mahilaaon key saath kyaa karate hain jinake pati naheen hain. augustein kaa maanana thaa kii vyabhichaar karane vaale paapi they kyonki unhone khud koo, bhagwan kii apani chhavi aur bhagwan key mandir koo bhrasht curr diyaa thaa.
moolyavarg dwara shikshan.
kaitholikwad.
kaitholikwad vivaah seey pahale key yaun sambandh koo vyabhichaar key saath jodata haye aur ise apane catachism mein chhathi aagya ("vyabhichaar naa karo") koo todane key saath jodata haih
apani pustak mein james aff. kuchh shikshaavidon dwara kiye gaye adhyayanon kii report kartaa haye. bernard hoose dwara kiye gaye ack adhyayan mein kahaa gayaa haye kii church dwara yaunata, jeevan aur mrityu aur aparaadh aur sajaa key mamalon parr nirantar shiksha kaa daavaa "buss sach naheen haye". samalaingikta key baare mein saat madhyayugeen paath kii jaanch karane key baad, maark jorden kaa tark haye kii, "susangat honey seey parey, granthon key beach sambandh banaane kaa koee bhee prayaas asambhav saabit huaa. vaha church kii parampara kii shiksha koo "asangat" kahate hain. carle-wilheim mercs kaa maanana haye kii parampara hii "kissy vishesh shiksha kii satya guaranter naheen haye." 
halanki, utsuk kaa kahana haye kii johnn tii jaise "hastalikhit" key adhyayan. dopahar junier. yeh pradarshit kiya haye kii, "isake vipareet daavon key bavjood, hastalikhit loga naitik parampara key aavashyak aitihaasik vikas mein sahayogi they."hastalikhiton ney naitik dharamshastra kii niyamavali koo barkarar rakhaa joe" "kaarravaai kii ack vistrit shrinkhala kii naitikta key sambandh mein updeshon (yaa maandandon, yaa aacharan key niyamon) koo chitrit karati haye. dopahar, utsuk key anusaar," una kshetron mein dekhane kaa ack nayaa tarika pradaan kiya haye jahan church naa kewal badal gayaa, balki sharmanak roop seey naheen badala. 
catholic church ney 12veen shatabdi taka vivaah seey pahale yaun sambandh banaane key liye purushon kii sakriya roop seey ninda naheen kii thee. aachen kii teesari parishad ney pahale nott kiya thaa kii ack purush key liye apani shaadi taka kunwari rehna lagbhag ansuna thaa, lekin purush kaafee hudd taka sajaa seey achhoote rahey, jabaki mahilaaon koo yaun durachar key liye bhaari dandit kiya jaataa thaa. church dwara gair-vaivaahik yaun sambandh koo aswikar karane key bavjood, praarambhik madhyayugeen kaal mein vyabhichaar aam baat bunny rahee.
12veen shatabdi mein, peris-adharit "sudhaar church" andolan ack catholic gutt thaa jisane sex aur vivaah parr vishesh jore dene key saath samaaj key naitik disha-nirdesh parr phir seey dhyaan kendrit karane kaa prayaas kiya. andolan ney pujaariyon koo wells bheja, jahan usa samay taka, isaaiyon key liye shaadi seey pahale ack saath rahane kaa niyam thaa.
iss avadhi taka, shaadi koo dou logon key beach ack niji anubandh maanaa jaataa thaa. way ack-dusare key liye ack pratigya karate they aur usa kshan seey, unhein vivaahit maanaa jaataa thaa. yeh pratigya kaheen bhee hoe sakati thee; yeh kissy church mein naheen honah chaahiye thaa aur naa hii church aur naa hii raajya isamen shamil they. baarahavin shatabdi key dauran catholic church ney vivaah kii prakriya parr niyantran curr liya thaa. usa samay seey, kanuni roop seey maanyata praapt karane key liye, ack church mein ack pujari dwara aayojit aupchaarik seva key saath ack vivaah honah thaa. isaliye sabhi vivaah aur yaun gatividhi abb church key niyantran mein aaa gaee.
sudhaar key samay, catholic church ney "aadhikarik taur parr dhaarmik key liye brahmacharya kii vakaalat kii, aur vivaah koo pratibandhit curr diyaa, lekin vyabhichaar aur rakhail kii anumati dee. udaaharan key liye, 1527 mein thuringia mein 200 catholic paadari varg mein seey 10 koo chhodkar sabhi vivaah key baahar mahilaaon key saath reh rahey they.
trent kii parishad (joe protestant sudhaar kii pratikriya mein 1545 mein shuru hui) ney aupchaarik roop seey catholic drishtikon kii pushti kii kii vivaah ack sanskar thaa aur catholic aankho mein ack vaidh vivaah key baare mein sakht dishanirdesh nirdhaarit kiye.
apane 1930 key vishvakosh mein, pope payas xi ney vivaah seey pahale key yaun sambandh aur "prayogaatmak" vivaah key sabhi roopon kii kadee ninda kii.
catholic vishvaas kii vivaah seey pahale kaa yaun sambandh paappurn haye, pope johnn paul dwiteeya key 1993 key vishvakosh mein phir seey sthaapit kiya gayaa thaa.
2012 mein, pope benedict XVI ney daavaa kiya kii vivaah seey pahale yaun sambandh aur sahvaas "gambhir roop seey paappurn" they aur "samaaj kii sthirata key liye hanikarak" they. catholic church yeh sikhana jaari rakhta haye kii vivaah seey pahale yaun sambandh avyavasthit aur paappurn haye aur yeh maanata haye kii yaun sambandh kewal ack vivaahit jode key beach sweekarya hain.
2012 key british samajik drishtikon sarvekshan seey pataa chalaa kii duss british catholics aur anglican mein seey kewal ack ney socha kii vivaah seey pahale yaun sambandh galat thaa (haalaanki, saptahik aadhar parr church mein jaane vaalon mein seey kewal 23 pratishat ney socha kii yeh sweekarya thaa).
1994 mein francisi catholics key ack adhyayan seey pataa chalaa kii 83 pratishat ney apane jeevan mein badey nirnay lete samay catholic church kii aadhikarik sthiti key bajaay apane vivek koo sunana pasand kiya, jisase 2003 taka 75 pratishat catholics ney kahaa kii vivaah key baahar sahvaas ack vyaktigat mamla haye aur 13 pratishat ney kahaa kii yeh sahee haye yaa naheen, yeh paristhitiyon parr nirbhar kartaa haye.
2004 key ack sarvekshan mein vibhinn deshon mein catholics key beach bahut alag drishtikon dikhaaya gayaa. udaaharan key liye, germany mein, 76 pratishat catholic iss baat parr sahmat they yaa dridhata seey sahmat they kii vivaah seey pahale sahvaas sweekarya thaa. spen mein yeh sankhya 72 pratishat thee, check ganarajya mein yeh 66 pratishat aur france mein yeh 62 pratishat thee. spectrum key dusare chhor parr, kewal 32 pratishat australiyai catholics ney ise sweekarya maanaa, isake baad phillippeans mein 39 pratishat aur sanyukt raajya america mein 43 pratishat ney ise sweekaar kiya.
usee sarvekshan mein una catholics kii sankhya dikhaane kii maang kii gaee joe maanate they kii vivaah seey pahale yaun sambandh "bilkul bhee galat naheen haye" yaa "kewal kabhi-kabhi galat" haye. check ganarajya mein, 84 pratishat catholics ney aisaa maanaa, france mein yeh 83 pratishat thaa aur germany mein yeh 80 pratishat thaa. paimaane key dusare chhor parr, phillippeans mein yeh 21 pratishat thaa, ireland mein yeh 51 pratishat thaa aur australia aur sanyukt raajya america mein yeh 64 pratishat thaa. sarvekshan mein yeh bhee daavaa kiya gayaa haye kii sanyukt raajya america mein 40 pratishat catholic mahilaaon ney vivaah key baahar saha-vaas kiya haye.
2013 key british samajik drishtikon sarvekshan seey pataa chalaa haye kii catholic loga vivaah key baahar bachche paida karane key anglican kii tulanaa mein aur bhee adhik sweekaar karane vaale bunn gaye hainh 1989 mein, 73 pratishat british catholics ney socha kii logon koo bachche paida karane seey pahale shaadi karni chaahiye; jabaki, 2012 taka, kewal 43 pratishat ney aisaa socha.
2014 key ack sarvekshan seey pataa chalaa kii adhikansh german catholic vivaah seey pahale key yaun sambandh key khilaf church key vichaaron seey sahmat naheen they.
luthranwad.
susan see key anusaar. current-nana aur merrie ee. apani pustak, "mahilaaon parr luther" mein martin luther ney mahsoos kiya kii "yaun kriya nishchit roop seey vivaah key baahar paappurn thee."ifficies key liye patra adhyaay 5 parr apane upadesh mein, luther ney kahaah
ack anya avsar parr, luther ney likhaa, "aaee [...] anubhav seey milane vaale achche yaa burey koo paar karein aur khud koo aise achche taka seemit rakhein jaise dharamshastra aur vivaah koo satya kahein. yeh koee mamuli vardan naheen haye kii vivaah mein vyabhichaar aur anachar kii jaanch kii jaati haye aur unhein samaapt curr diyaa jaataa haye. yeh apane aap mein itna achchha haye kii yeh akele purushon koo turant shaadi karane key liye prerit karane key liye paryaapt honah chaahiye, aur kaee karanon seey... pahala kaaran yeh haye kii vyabhichaar naa kewal aatma koo balki shareer, sampatti, sammaan aur parivaar koo bhee nasht curr detaa haye. kyonki humm dekhate hain kii kaise ack kamuk aur dusht jeevan naa kewal bahut upman laataa haye, balki ack kharch jeevan bhee haye, joe vivaah seey adhik mahanga haye, aur avaidh saathi anivarya roop seey vivaahit logon kii tulanaa mein ack dusare key liye adhik peedaa kaa avsar dete hain. isake alawa yeh shareer kaa upbhog kartaa haye, maans aur rakt, prakriti aur bhautik samvidhaan koo bhrasht kartaa haye. iss tarah key vibhinn prakaar key burey parinamon key madhyam seey bhagwan ack kathor sthiti letaa haye, jaise kii vaha vaastav mein logon koo vyabhichaar seey door aur shaadi mein dhakel dega. haalaanki, kuchh loga iss tarah aashvast yaa parivartit hotey hain."
1 thissalunikiyon 4:3-5 parr likhate samay iss mamle koo adhik gaharaai seey talaashate hue, luther salah dete hain, "sabhi yuvaaon koo aakasmik yaun sambandh seey bachana chaahiye aur apani shuddhata koo banaae rakhna chaahiye. unhein bhajan yaa ishwar key vachan key kissy anya bhaag koo padhkar aur dhyaan karke vasna aur yaun bhaavanaon key khilaf khud koo majboot karane kaa sankalp lena chaahiye... yadi aapaki yaun bhookh aapako lagaatar lubhaati rahati haye, tou dhairya rakhein. jaba taka aavashyak hoe, unakaa virodh karein, bhale hii isamen ack saal seey adhik samay lagey. lekin sabse badhkar, prarthana karate rahein! yadi aapako lagata haye kii aap ise aur bardasht naheen curr sakate hain, tou prarthana karein kii bhagwan aapako ack bhakt jeevansathi dein jinake saath aap sadbhaav aur sachche pyaar mein reh sakate hain... main kaee logon koo jaanata huun, joe apani ashobhaniya aur sharmanak kalpanaon key kaaran apane junoon koo aniyantrit vasna key saath shamil karate hain. apani atript ichchhaon key kaaran, unhone aatm-niyantran koo chhod diyaa, aur bhayaanak anaitikta mein chaley gaye. anta mein, unhein bhayaanak sajaa sahani padee. vaivaahik jeevan kii vaastaviktaon seey andhe, unamen seey kuchh ney anupayukt saathi liye aur asangat sambandhon mein samaapt hoe gaye. unhein vaha milaa jisake way hakdar they. aapako lagan seey prarthana karni chaahiye aur apane bhrasht swabhaav kii ichchhaon kaa virodh karane kaa prayaas karna chaahiye. bhagwan seey poochhen kii vaha aapako dalila yaa samson yaa kissy aur seey bhee badatar key bajaay ribka yaa isaq dey. ack samarpit, wafadar patni yaa pati koo dhoondhana saubhagya kii baat naheen haye. yeh achche nirnay kaa parinam naheen haye, jaisa kii avishvasiyon koo lagata haye. balki, ack bhakt jeevansathi bhagwan kii or seey ack upahaar haye."
haalaanki, luther kaa maanana thaa kii vivaah kaanoon koo paribhaashit karna church kaa kaam naheen thaa, joe unake roman catholic virodhiyon key vipareet thaa. vaha vivaah koo ack sanskar key bajaay ack kanuni samjhauta samajhate they. unhone kahaa kii vivaah bhagwan dwara sthaapit kiya gayaa thaa, lekin iska viniyaman raajya kaa vyavasaay thaa, church kaa naheen. luther ney vivaah koo "bachche paida karane kii aashaa mein yaa cumm seey cumm vyabhichaar aur paap seey bachane aur bhagwan kii mahima key liye jeene key uddeshya seey purush aur mahila kaa ishwar dwara niyukt aur vaidh millen" key roop mein paribhaashit kiya. antim uddeshya bhagwan kaa paalan karna, paap key khilaf sahaayata aur salah praapt karna; bhagwan seey pukaarnaa; bhagwan kii mahima key liye bachchon koo dhoondhana, pyaar karna aur shikshit karna; bhagwan key darr seey apani patni key saath rehna aur croose koo sahan karna haye..."
martin busar ney tark diyaa kii yaun antarangata vivaah mein thee aur vivaah mein, purush "vyabhichaar seey bachane key liye patni kaa sir aur uddhaarak bunn jaataa haye aur usake saath ack shareer banaata haye aur patni apane pati kaa shareer aur madad haye, phir seey vyabhichaar seey bachane key liye. haalaanki, unake liye vivaah kaa arth naa kewal paap seey bachana aur bachchon key prajanan seey bachana thaa, balki samajik aur bhaavnaatmak bandhan key parinamswarup ack sangati bhee thee. jaisa kii selderhuis nott kartaa haye, "jaba loga khud koo kamukta seey, yaa tou vivaahit yaa avivaahit logon key roop mein aacharan karate hain, tou way divya nirnay key adheen aatey hain...] shaadi [...] [yeh] vaha sandarbh haye jisamen yaun antarangata kaa apana sthaan honah chaahiye...] aakhirkaar, vivaah hii ekmatra aisaa dhancha haye jisake bheetar yaun ichchhaon koo vaidh roop seey santusht kiya jaa sakata haye."
emmanuel kaant, jinka paalan-poshan ack pietist key roop mein kiya gayaa thaa, shaadi seey pahale yaun sambandh koo anaitik maanate they. unhone tark diyaa kii yaun ichcha usa vyakti koo aapattijanak banaati haye jise koee chaahata haye aur choonki koee taarkik roop seey susangat naitik niyam kissy vyakti koo ack vastu key roop mein upayog karane kii anumati naheen detaa haye, isaliye yaun sambandh banaana (vivaah key baahar) anaitik haye. vivaah seey fark padata haye kyonki vivaah mein donon loga ack millen banaane key liye apana sub kuchh dete hain aur iss prakaar, abb ack-dusare parr adhikaar rakhate hain kyonki abb donon ack-dusare key hain. jaisa kii kaant swayam kahate hain, "ekmatra shart jiss parr humm apani yaun ichchhaon kaa upayog karane key liye swatantra hain, vaha vyakti key kalyan aur khushi key saath-saath aam taur parr usa vyakti kii sabhi paristhitiyon mein niptan key adhikaar parr nirbhar karati haye... unamen seey pratyek [...]..] [way baadhya hain] kii way apane poore vyakti koo dusare koo saunp dein aur usake niptare kaa puuraa adhikaar hoe."
aaj, australia kaa luther church daavaa kartaa haye kii vivaah seey pahale yaun sambandh banaana paappurn haye. iska maanana haye kii yaun gatividhi kewal vivaah sambandh key bheetar haye aur vivaah seey pahale yaun sambandh kaa abhyaas "bhagwan kii ichcha kaa ullanghan" haye.
sanyukt raajya america mein, luthran church-misauri paadari sabhaa key paadari 2010 mein apani mandaliyon key beach vivaah seey pahale yaun sambandh parr ack sarvekshan karate they. "inn luthran paadari ney bataaya kii abb jinn jodon seey way shaadi karate hain unamen seey 57 pratishat seey adhik shaadi seey pahale ack saath reh rahey hain, aur unaki mandaliyon mein sahvaas kii darr badh rahee haye."iss pravritti key bavjood, sabhaa kaa maanana haye kii" ack saath rahane key liye diye gaye karanon kii parwah kiye binaa, saha-vaas kewal isaaiyon key liye galat haye."
wisconsin evangelical luthran synod (wells) kaa maanana haye kii "vivaah bandhan key alawa yaun sambandh key upahaar kaa koee bhee upayog vyabhichaar haye, chaahe yeh vivaah seey pahale kaa hoe yaa vivaahetar [...] vivaah seey pahale yaa vivaah seey baahar vivaah seey pahale yaa vivaahetar yaun sambandh banaana, bhagwan kii drishti mein paap karna haye. thheek yahee ibraniyon 13:4 kaa bindu haye, ack aayat jise aksar iss tarah kii charcha mein sandarbhit kiya jaataa haye. "shaadi" aur shaadi kaa bistar [...]..] ack saath jaaen aur shuddh rahein. vivaah" key alawa "bistar" kaa upayog karna paap haye jiska bhagwan nyaay karenge... 1 kurinthiyon 7:9 mein dee gaee salah bhee yahee baat bataati haye. yadi kissy vyakti mein yaun ichcha haye aur yaun ichcha (swayam mein bhagwan kii or seey ack achchha upahaar) ack vyakti key bheetar khud koo vyakt karati haye, tou usa vyakti key paas ack ishwar-prasann upaay haih vivaahit honah aur iss prakaar yaun roop seey sakriya honey kaa adhikaar praapt karna. vivaah seey pahale yaa baahar, paapmay vasna paappurn vasna haye."
apani aadhikarik site parr kaheen aur, wells kaa kahana haye kii "bhale hii hamara avishvasi samaaj vivaah key baahar ack saath rahane koo ack sweekarya jeevan shally key roop mein sweekaar kartaa haye, phir bhee yeh ack paappurn vyavastha haye. ack paadari yaa mandali una logon key saath dhairyapoorvak vyavhaar karegi joe aadhyatmik margadarshan kii talash mein hain...] [aur] pavitrata kaa isai jeevan. yeh dridhata seey aur dheere-dheere unake paap kaa saamana karke kiya jaataa haye... aur phir unhein masih key liye apana pyaar dikhaane key liye apane vyavhaar koo badalane key liye margadarshan karein."
america mein evangelical luthran church (elka) ney 2009 mein "maanav kamukta parr ack samajik bayaan" sheershak seey ack vistrit dastaavez diyaa, jisamen vivaah seey pahale yaun sambandh key sambandh mein, dastaavez mein ghoshana kii gaee haye kii "kyonki yeh church jodon seey apane sambandhon key liye uchchatam samajik aur kanuni samarthan lene kaa aagrah kartaa haye, yeh vivaah key baahar sahvaas vyavastha kaa samarthan naheen kartaa haye. jaba iss tarah kii vyavasthaon koo apane aap mein ack anta key roop mein darj kiya jaataa haye tou isaki ack vishesh chinta hoti haye. haalaanki, yeh una samajik taakton koo sweekaar kartaa haye joe iss tarah kii prathaon koo protsaahit karati hain. yeh church inn samkaaleen samajik pattern key saath aaney vaale dehaati aur parivarik muddon koo bhee maanyata detaa haye. aise mamalon mein jahaan sahvaas key liye nirnay liya jaataa haye, karanon kii parwah kiye binaa, yeh church apane padariyon aur sadasyon seey iss church kii sthiti key karanon key baare mein spasht honey aur dampati koo unaki yojanaon, apekshaon aur aapsi pratibaddhata key star key baare mein ack-dusare key saath khule aur spasht honey key apane daayitva koo pahchaanane mein samarthan karane kii ummeed kartaa haye. kuchh sahvaas vyavasthaon kaa nirmaan aise tarikon seey kiya jaa sakata haye joe naa tou aakasmik hain aur naa hii aantarik roop seey asthir hain... haalaanki, iss church kaa maanana haye kii vyaktigat moolya, deerghakaalik saahcharya aur gahari suraksha kii bhavna key liye sabse gahari maanav lalsa, vishesh roop seey paap key liye maanav pravritti koo dekhate hue, bandhankari pratibaddhata, kanuni suraksha aur saarvajanik jawabdehi key madhyam seey sabse achchi tarah seey seva kii jaati haye."
iss mudde parr finland key evangelical luthran church kaa rukh aspasht haye. yeh vivaahetar yaun sambandh kii sakht ninda kartaa haye lekin vivaah seey pahale key yaun sambandh key sambandh mein yeh kewal itna kahata haye kii "kamukta logon koo pyaar aur jimmedaari seey alag karati haye, jisase unhein aur dusaron koo nuksan hotaa haye."
kinsey sansthaan key anusaar, "aaj, swedish luthran church kaarravaai mein bahut udaar haye, lekin adhikansh yaun muddon, jaise kii vivaah seey pahale yaun sambandh, saha-vaas aur yaun shiksha mein aupchaarik rukh naa apanaane key liye savdhan haye."
germany mein luthran church (ee. key. dee.) ney nott kiya haye kii deerghakaalik sahvaas key sabhi roop kamjor hain aur vidhayakon koo vivaah key maulik mahatva koo uchit maanyata deni chaahiye. church ney aage kahaa haye kii "akele vivaah aur parivaar koo ack saath rahane key liye aadarsh maanaa jaa sakata haye."
australiyai gair-sampradayik isai kishore yaun shiksha website, "ladakon parr hamla kiya jaa rhaa haye", luthran sroton kaa hawala dete hue daavaa karati haye kii logon koo shaadi taka kaumarya banaae rakhna chaahiye. site kaa kahana haye kii maukhik yaun sambandh aur avivaahit vyaktiyon key beach aapsi hastamaithun sahit sabhi yaun gatividhi ack paap haye.
anabaptist.
menonites jaise anabaptist maanate hain kii shaadi key baahar yaun sambandh banaana paappurn haye. menonite "vishvaas kaa sweekaarokti" mein kahaa gayaa haye kii "shaastra key anusaar, sahee yaun millen kewal vivaah sambandh key bheetar hotaa haye. shaastra yaun antarangata koo ishwar key achche banaae gaye crum key bheetar rakhta haye. yaun sambandh vivaah bandhan key liye aarakshit haye."
sudhaar kiya.
sudhaar kii gaee parampara ney paaramparik roop seey hamesha yeh daavaa kiya haye kii vivaah seey pahale yaun sambandh banaana ack paap haye. calvin ney khud iss baare mein bahut cumm kahaa kii unhone kyon socha kii sagaishuda jodon koo yaun sambandh naheen banaana chaahiye aur unakaa maanana haye kii pratibandh key liye unakaa tark aspasht thaa, lekin unhone vivaah seey pahale yaun sambandh key pralobhan koo cumm karane key liye geneva mein jodon key beach sagaai kii avadhi koo chhah saptah seey bhee cumm karane kii koshish kii. haalaanki, vaha luther key saath sahmat thaa kii vivaah raajya key liye ack kanuni mamla thaa, church key liye ack sanskaarik mamla naheen thaa.
johnn vitte junier. johnn calvin aur vivaah aur parivarik jeevan parr ack adhyayan likhaa haye. isamen, vaha nott kartaa haye kii, "calvin key liye, vyabhichaar key khilaf adesh avivaahiton parr samaan roop seey badhyakari thaa, aur avaidh yaun gatividhiyon aur vibhinn krityon donon parr samaan roop seey lagu thaa joe usee kii or leey jaate they. calvin ney vyabhichaar kii ninda kii, jisamen ack-dusare yaa dusaron key saath lagey hue loga bhee shamil hain, joe yaun sambandh yaa gair-vivaahit pakshon dwara yaun sparsh, pralobhan yaa pralobhan key anya avaidh krityon kii ninda karate hain. unhone aakasmik yaun sambandh, veshyavritti, upapatni, vivaah seey pahale yaun sambandh, gair-vaivaahik sahvaas aur bistar parr koodane key anya roopon key vyaapak abhyaas kii vistaar seey ninda kii, jiska saamana unhone aadhunik samay key geneva key saath-saath pracheen bible kahaaniyon mein kiya. inn sabhi karyon ney khule taur parr vyabhichaar key khilaf bhagwan kii aagya kii avahelana kii aur unhein aadhyatmik aur aaparaadhik pratibandhon dwara dandit kiya jaanaa chaahiye. calvin lagaatar vyabhichaar key khilaf prachaar kartaa rhaa... vaha aksar vyabhichariyon koo jarh seey baahar nikaalane aur unhein chetavani aur pratibandh key adheen karane aur jurmaane aur alp karawas key adheen karane mein samooh kaa netritva kartaa thaa."theodor bezaa ney bhee isi tarah isaki kadee ninda kii.
raymond aeye. mentzer ney nott kiya kii, "jahan bhee calvinism ney mool roop seey geneva aur france koo liya, nichale deshon aur raain ghaati, scotland, ingland aur naitik kathorta kaa nyu ingland tatva... usake saath. kalvinwadi parampara mein baney churchon ney aamtaur parr vyavhaar kaa atyant uchch maanak nirdhaarit kiya haye aur vishesh roop seey, samudaay key bheetar ack sakht naitikta koo majboor karane kii maang kii haye..."yaun paap sahit paap koo kewal ack niji viphalata naheen maanaa gayaa thaa; isane poori mandali koo prabhaavit kiya. ee. villium monter kaa kahana haye kii, "kalvinwadi naitikta key kathit damankari ayam ney mahilaaon key jeevan koo una tarikon seey prabhaavit kiya joe aksar fayademand they... pratyek varsh [jeenavan] samooh ney vyast jodon dwara vyabhichaar key aadhe darjan mamalon aur maalikon aur naukaron key beach avaidh yaun sambandh key kaee aaropon kaa nyaay kiya."1560 key dashak mein, ack samooh pahali baar neems mein milaa. shahar mein jald hii ack protestant bahumat thaa, lekin phir bhee ise france mein pahale protestant-niyantrit samajon mein seey ack key roop mein naitikta koo saaf karane mein ack bahut badaa kaam karna padaa. mentzer key anusaar, 1560 aur 1580 key beach key samay mein ack tihai bahirgaman anuchit yaun vyavhaar key kaaran thaa. iss samay, uchit aacharan koo niji mamle key roop mein saarvajanik mamla maanaa jaataa thaa. saansaarik vighatan key khilaf sangharsh, aur parivaar key liye sammaan key pravartan aur samaaj kii shaanti samajik sudhaar aur vistaar dwara, aadhunikta key maarg parr sthaapit curr rahee thee."
iss naee naitik kathorta key parinamswarup, france mein satrahavin shatabdi taka huguenots key beach vivaah seey pahale kii avadhaaranaon aur avaidh janmon kii darr unake roman catholic virodhiyon key beach kii darr kii tulanaa mein ullekhaniya roop seey cumm thee, jinase sudhaar ney apani naitik pavitrata seey khud koo alag karane kii maang kii. cumm avaidh janm darr ingit karati haye kii kalvinvadiyon ney una moolyon koo aantarik roop diyaa thaa joe vivaah seey pahale key yaun sambandh koo anaitik bataate they.
ack dilchasp mamla piyare palma kaayet kaa haye, jinhone nindaatmak roop seey ack pustak likhi thee jisamen unhone veshyalayon, veshyavritti aur vyabhichaar kaa ack shastratmak bachaav pradaan kiya thaa, jisake kaaran unhein ack hugnot paadari key roop mein padchyut kiya gayaa thaa. isake turant baad, 1595 mein, unhone roman catholic dharm mein phir seey parivartan kiya. unhein turant usa church mein ack pujari key roop mein vaapas sweekaar curr liya gayaa.
vidwan nicolaus key anusaar, "vivaah hugunot mantriyon key samikaranon mein thaa... vyabhichaar aur vyabhichaar seey bachane kaa ack saadhan. isake parinamswarup, vivaah seey sambandhit kaee upadesh avaidh yaun sambandh key khatron kii ghoshana karane kaa avsar bhee they, jabaki saath hii, vaivaahik yaun sambandh kaa apekshaakrit sakaratmak mulyankan bhee thaa. udaaharan key liye, jeane mestrezat kewal yeh ghoshana kartaa haye kii avaidh kamukta key liye vivaah anushansit samadhan haye, kyonki bhagwan sabhi ashuddhiyon, vishesh roop seey baal-baal [yaun anaitikta] seey nafrat karate hain... ack anya upadesh mein, [paadari jeane] dyle 1 kurinthiyon 10:8 parr ack upadesh mein pillardis kaa ack karibi hermanutical reeding pradaan kartaa haye jaba vaha kahata haye kii isamen "iss paap kii sabhi prajaatiyan shamil hain, joe iss prakriti key sabhi dosh hain, joe kissy bhee vyakti dwara kiye gaye hain, chaahe way vivaahit houn yaa naa houn, saral vyabhichaar key saath-saath vyabhichaar bhee."hugnot key liye," "saral vyabhichaar" "ack" "gambhir paap" "haye.
sadiyon seey, francisi huguenots sabhi paristhitiyon mein vyabhichaar key sakht virodh mein rahey hain. ack udaaharan prasiddh francisi protestant paadari, andrey trokeme, (1940 key dashak mein sakriya) haye, joe sabhi vivaah poorv aur vivaahetar yaun sambandh key khilaf honey key roop mein record parr haye.
aaj, francisi kailwinwadi bahut uchch naitik manakon koo banaae rakhate hain aur apane drishtikon aur yaun vyavhaar sahit vyavhaar key uchch manakon key mamle mein khud koo apane francisi roman catholic padosiyon seey alag mahsoos karate hain. vaastav mein, francisi sudhaarit isai "vyaapak roop seey imandari aur akhandata key uchch manakon key roop mein maane jaate hain. yahaan taka kii france key sabse udaar sudhaar kailwinwadi churchon mein seey ack, peris mein ll 'oratore doo lauver, aaj bhee sabhi paristhitiyon mein veshyaon key saath aakasmik yaun sambandh aur yaun sambandh sahit vivaah seey pahale key yaun sambandh kii ninda kartaa haye.
prasiddh swiss hugenot dharamshastri carle barth ney apani mahaan kriti, "church dogmatics" mein yaun naitikta parr charcha kii. unhone kahaa kii "saha-astitva key binaa saha-astitva rakshasi haye" (isai dharm mein "rakshasi", jiska arth haye koee bhee kshetra joe bhagwan key adheen naheen haye.) barth aage kahate hain kii "purush kii shaaririk kamukta koo purush yaa mahila key roop mein usaki kull manavata kaa ack abhinn anga banana chaahiye, aur yaun sambandh key puuraa honey koo purush aur mahila key kull muthbhed mein ekikrit kiya jaanaa chaahiye. sub kuchh sahee yaa galat haye aur isaliye iss mamle mein moksh yaa vinash iss baat parr nirbhar kartaa haye kii ise algaav aur amurtata mein dekhaa jaataa haye yaa iss poore key bheetar... yadi aisaa naheen haye, yadi shaaririk kamukta aur yaun sambandhon kaa apana adhikaar aur adhikaar haye jisamen purush aur mahila aur unaki muthbhed koo niyantrit aur puuraa kiya jaa sakata haye, tou yeh ack rakshasi vyavasaay haye. swabhavik roop seey, ishwar kii aagya hamesha samprabhu shaaririk kamukta key aise kissy bhee vichaar kaa virodh karegi."barth key liye, vivaah key baahar yaun sambandh banaana naa kewal vidrohi haye, balki amanviya haye kyonki yeh manushyon koo jaanvaron key star parr rakhta haye, junoon aur aatm-santushti kii khoj seey prerit haye.
isake alawa, barth key liye, "ack shaadi kewal samaaj seey pahale aur usake dwara vivaah kii niyaamak pushti aur vaidhata haye. yeh vivaah naheen haye."vivaah key bheetar yaun sambandh bhee paappurn hoe sakate hain jaba taka kii yeh dampati key saha-astitva kii pushti naheen kartaa haye. yeh sex kii adhik samagr samajh key liye dwaar kholata haye.
haalaanki, kuchh aadhunik swiss sudhaar dharamshastri, jaise kii michel corns, teleological drishtikon lete hain kii vivaah seey pahale yaun sambandh kii anumati haye yadi yaun gatividhiyaan ack aisaa roop letee hain joe saathi kaa sammaan karati hain aur rishte koo antarangata mein vikasit karane mein madad karati hain. inn dharmshastriyon kaa maanana haye kii jaba koee rishta shoshak hotaa haye tou vaha paappurn hotaa haye. (isaliye, veshyaon key saath yaun sambandh banaana hamesha paappurn hotaa haye kyonki yeh ack shoshak sambandh haye aur pratibhagiyon koo garima mein badhane kii anumati naheen detaa haye.) yeh parivartan switzerland mein pichhali dou peedhiyon key bheetar aaya haye. isase pahale, saanskritik niyam thaa kii dampati shaadi seey pahale yaun sambandh naheen banaate they. isaliye, aadhunik sudhaar dharmshastriyon ney switzerland mein iss badey saanskritik parivartan key liye isai shiksha koo lagu karane kii chunauti kaa saamana karane kaa prayaas kiya haye.
anivarya roop seey, corns aur usake sahyogiyon koo lagata haye kii kissy koo hamesha apane vyaktigat vivek key prati sachcha honah chaahiye, isaliye yadi vyakti koo lagata haye kii shaadi seey pahale yaun sambandh paappurn haye, tou unhein apane vivek kii baat sunani chaahiye aur sanyam baratana chaahiye. mukhya baat yeh haye kii yeh dampati parr nirbhar kartaa haye kii way yeh taya karein kii kyaa vivaah seey pahale yaun sambandh banaana yaa kunwari rehna unake liye apane rishte mein bhagwan key pyaar koo pratibimbit karane kaa sabse achchha tarika haye.
mentzer key anusaar, scotish sudhaar key pahale pachas varshon key dauran, "dou-tihai seey adhik mamle avaidh yaun sambandh seey judey they... sex key saath scots calvinists key spasht junoon seey pahale baaki sub kuchh samaapt hoe gayaa. yeh germany, neetherland aur france key aankadon key saath aashcharyajanak roop seey vipareet thaa. sant aur sadhuon key parrish key liye, 1573 aur 1600 key beach suney gaye sabhi mamalon mein 47 pratishat vyabhichaar key liye jimmedaar thaa. 986 parr vyabhichaar (dou ekal vyaktiyon key beach yaun sambandh) aur 813 parr "vyabhichaar poorv sambhog" (dou logon key beach yaun sambandh joe ack dusare seey judey they lekin abhee taka vivaahit naheen they) key saath aarop lagaaya gayaa thaa. 1595 aur 1597 key beach, sant aur sadhuon mein vyabhichaar kaa star gir gayaa. "kewal [.]..] yaun apraadhon kii saapeksh anupasthiti key liye spashteekaran, asambhav roop seey halanki aisaa lugg sakata haye, yeh haye kii [...]..] vaastavik "shishtachar mein sudhaar" burg mein huaa."mentzer aur graham kaa tark haye kii sex parr yeh dhyaan vaastav mein kirk kii shuruati kamjori key kaaran hoe sakata haye. "choonki aaj paschimi samajon mein yeh prabal bhavna haye kii sarkaaron koo nagrikon key niji jeevan seey baahar rehna chaahiye, isaliye aaj church kii adaalaten hamari aadhunik aankho koo nistej yaa drishyavaadi bhee lagati hain. lekin yeh koee sarvashaktimaan badaa bhaai naheen thaa joe bedroom kii khidakiyon mein ghoor rhaa thaa. balki sex key prati kirk kaa junoon isaki taakat seey adhik isaki kamjori kaa sanket thaa...] avaidh kamukta koo hatotsaahit karane kii aavashyakta koo lagbhag sabhi shaktiyon dwara sweekaar kiya gayaa thaa...] jaba way kuchh aur parr sahmat hoe sakate they."kewal jaba mantri aur presbyter dheere-dheere ack majboot sthiti praapt karate they, tou way dheere-dheere sabt, andhavishwas prathaon, padosi vivaadon aadi key aspas key anya anushasanatmak ullanghanon parr apana dhyaan kendrit karane mein saksham they.
scuttish kalvinwadi aaj bhee vivaah key baahar kissy bhee prakaar key yaun sambandh key sakht khilaf hain. 2008 mein, scotland key swaasthya mantri, shona robison ney kahaa, "naitik muddon aur saanskritik aur jeevan shally key muddon parr gahare vichaar hain... samanya roop seey uchch bhoomi [...]..] ack majboot calvinistic lakir haye, ack vivekpurna cheej joe sex koo bund darvaajon aur kheenche gaye parde key peechhe honey vaali cheez key roop mein dekhti haye. isake parinamswarup aur samlaingik logon key liye ack drishya kii kamee key kaaran, seedhe aur samlaingik donon logon koo [aakasmik] yaun sambandh banaane key liye inn alag-thalag kshetron mein khadeda jaa rhaa haye."
americi presbyterian church ney, "anya isai nikaayon kii tarah, vivaah koo yaun sambhog key liye ack poorv shart key roop mein dekhaa haye aur vivaah key baahar yaun sambandh koo ack paap maanaa haye.
pramukh roodhivaadi americi kailwinwadi dharamshastri, aar. see. iss aadhar parr kii vivaah vaacha ack aavashyak kanuni suraksha haye, dampati key donon sadasyon koo ack-dusare kii pappurnata seey bachaati haye, vivaah seey pahale key yaun sambandh kaa virodh karati haye.
anglikvaad.
anglican church key aadhikarik prastaavon koo bishap dwara lambeth sammelanon mein upasthit hocker prastut kiya jaataa haye, joe harr duss saal mein aayojit kiye jaate hain. 1988 key lambeth sammelan ney apane "vivaah aur parivaar parr sankalp" mein yeh ghoshana keeh "vivaah seey pahale key yaun sambandh parr paaramparik isai shiksha aur aaj church key bheetar aur baahar donon hii logon dwara apnai jaa rahee jeevan-shailiyon key beach key antar koo dhyaan mein rakhate hueh (aeye) praanton aur dharmpranton seey aise logon key prati dekhbhal aur dehaati drishtikon apanaane kaa ahwan kartaa haye; (bee) paaramparik bibil key shikshan kii pushti kartaa haye kii yaun sambandh kull pratibaddhata kaa ack kaary haye joe ack sthaayi vivaahit sambandh key bheetar thheek seey sambandhit haye; (see) belfast mein yuva anglican key antarrashtriya sammelan key jawab mein, praanton aur dharmpranton seey paaramparik isai moolyon key prakaash mein vivaah seey pahale key yaun sambandh jaise muddon kaa pataa lagaane key liye yuva logon key saath yojana banaane kaa aagrah kartaa haye.
isake baad 1998 key lambeth sammelan mein ack prastaav banaaya gayaa thaa. sammelan kii iss baithak ney sankalp liya, "shaastra key shikshan koo dekhate hue, [anglican church] aajivan sangh mein ack purush aur ack mahila key beach vivaah mein wafadari koo banaae rakhta haye, aur maanata haye kii sanyam una logon key liye sahee haye jinhen vivaah key liye naheen bulaaya jaataa haye" (sankalp i. 10). iss prastaav ney maanav kamukta parr ack report kii bhee sarahana kii jiska sheershak thaa "poorna manavata key liye kahaa jaataa haye" jisamen kahaa gayaa haye kii, "pavitra shaastra aur isai parampara sikhaati haye kii maanav kamukta kaa uddeshya ack purush aur ack mahila key beach apani sahee aur poorna abhivyakti koo vivaah kii vaacha mein khojane key liye haye, jise bhagwan dwara srishti mein sthaapit kiya gayaa haye, aur hamaare prabhu yeeshu masih dwara pushti kii gaee haye. pavitra vivaah, iraade aur divya uddeshya seey, ack mahila aur ack purush key beach aajivan, ack-vivaah aur binaa shart pratibaddhata haye. lambeth sammelan 1978 aur 1998 donon ney 'vivaah pavitra honey kii pushti kii, jise bhagwan dwara sthaapit kiya gayaa aur hamaare prabhu yeeshu masih dwara aashirvaadit kiya gayaa'. nayaa vasiyatnama aur isai itihas ekalata aur samarpit brahmacharya koo masih jaise jeevan jeene key tarikon key roop mein pahachaantaa haye."
aitihaasik roop seey, angreji sudharakon ney vyabhichaar aur vyabhichaar key baare mein ack kathor drishtikon apanaaya thaa, jise homili kii pahali pustak (1547) key homili 11 mein "una hisson key sabhi gairkaanooni upayog koo shamil karane key liye paribhaashit kiya gayaa thaa, jinhen peedhi key liye mangaaya gayaa thaa.
vivaah adhiniyam 1753" (aamtaur parr hardwick adhiniyam key roop mein jaanaa jaataa haye) seey pahale, british jode ack saath reh sakate they aur apane vivaah-bandhan yaa "pati-patni" key baad yaun sambandh banaa sakate they. dharamshastri adrian thatcher kaa daavaa haye kii, adhiniyam kii shuruat seey pahale, united kingdam mein vivaah-bandhan ack aupchaarik, praarambhik charan thaa jisamen vivaah kii pratigya shamil thee. iss charan key dauran, vivaah sthaayi aur aghulansheel hoe jaayega yadi yaun sambandh huaa yaa jaba antim pratigya kii gaee, joe bhee pahale aae. inmein seey koee bhee "binaa shart" kaa vaadaa karega. isaliye, yaun sambandh banaane seey nishchit vivaah koo ack antim, aghulansheel vivaah mein badal diyaa jaayega. bhavishya key kaal mein vivaah-bandhan kii pratigyaaen kii jaati theen, isaliye yaun sambandh unhein "sakriya" karate hain, joe bandhan vivaah kii shuruat kaa sanket detaa haye.
roman catholic church mein trent kii parishad aur sanyukt raajya mein uparokt vivaah adhiniyam ney vivaah key vivaah-bandhan charan kii parampara koo samaapt curr diyaa. purvi roodhivaadi churchon mein, vivaah-bandhan abhee bhee maujood haye, lekin ise vivaah prakriya key apane alag charan key roop mein rahane key bajaay vivaah samaroh mein jodaa gayaa haye.
thatcher ney nott kiya kii, aaj, "gair-vivaah sambandhi sahvaas koo kabhi bhee isai vishvaas key anuroop naheen maanaa jaa sakata haye, aggar kewal isaliye kii bhagwan kewal vahee karenge joe hamaare liye sabse achchha haye, aur yeh sochane key liye [achche] kaaran hain kii yeye vyavasthaaen hamaare liye sabse achchi naheen hain."vaha apane pepper mein kuchh nuksan kii ruprekha detaa haye joe vaha maanata haye kii vivaah key baahar sahvaas key kaaran hotaa haye, joe anubhavjanya detta dwara samarthit haye.
united kingdam mein, jabaki raajya ney paribhaashit kiya kii kaun vivaahit thaa, yeh anglican church thaa jise raajya key liye iss kaanoon kii pulis koo jimmedaari dee gaee thee. aaj, britten europeeya deshon mein church mein shadiyon mein asamanya banaa huaa haye, jabaki usa mahadweep key adhikansh anya desh nagrik panjikaran parr jore dete hain, aggar way ack dhaarmik samaroh bhee karna chaahte hain tou ise dampati parr chhod dete hain.
1984 kii angreji angreji pustika "forward too marriage" mein vivaah seey pahale key yaun sambandh kii sahishnuta dikhaai gaee thee, lekin "deerghakaalik sambandh key liye ack aavashyak pratibaddhata" key roop mein vivaah kaa dridhata seey samarthan kiya gayaa thaa.
1987 mein, americi bishap johnn shelby spong key newark diosis ney ack report kaa gathan kiya thaa jisamen nishkarsh nikala gayaa thaa kii "episcopal church koo samlaingikon, yuva vayaskon, talakshuda aur vidhvaaon key beach pratibaddh gair-vaivaahik yaun sambandhon koo pahachaanana aur aashirvaad denaa chaahiye"> report kaa uddeshya "rashtra key 3 million episcopelian key netaaon key beach yaun naitikta parr ack naee bahas koo prajwalit karna haye iss ummeed mein kii way sabhi vishvaasiyon koo galey lagaane key liye church key siddhant mein sanshodhan karenge...] spong, sifaarishon key ack samarthak [...] unhone kahaa kii unake vichaar church mein ack alpasankhyak sthiti hain."
1987 mein bhee, ingland key church key samanya dharamsabha ney kahaa "(1) kii yaun sambandh poorna pratibaddhata kaa ack kaary haye joe ack sthaayi vivaahit sambandh key bheetar thheek seey sambandhit haye, (2) kii vyabhichaar aur vyabhichaar iss aadarsh key khilaf paap hain, aur paschaataap aur karuna key abhyaas key ahwan dwara puuraa kiya jaanaa haye.
australia mein 1996 key rashtriya church jeevan sarvekshan mein paaya gayaa kii australiyai anglican anya sampradayon key church jaane vaalon kii tulanaa mein vivaah seey pahale key yaun sambandh key baare mein adhik udaar they, lekin samanya (gair-church jaane vaali) aabaadi kii tulanaa mein adhik roodhivaadi they. sarvekshan mein una anglican logon key beach vibhajan kaa ullekh kiya gayaa joe apane churchon mein yaun roop seey sakriya avivaahit jodon kaa samarthan karna chaahte they aur anya joe naheen karate they. 2009 key ack sarvekshan mein paaya gayaa kii anglikan (baptist, roman catholic aur ekjut church key sadasyon key saath) 1993 key ack sarvekshan kii tulanaa mein vivaah poorv yaun sambandh koo thodaa adhik sweekaar curr rahey they, jabaki pentecostal isai adhik roodhivaadi hoe gaye they. 54 pratishat australiyai church key paricharakon ney mahsoos kiya kii vivaah seey pahale yaun sambandh hamesha yaa lagbhag hamesha galat thaa, jabaki kewal 3 pratishat gair-church upasthit logon ney socha kii yeh hamesha yaa aamtaur parr galat thaa. saptahik aadhar parr church jaane vaalon mein, una logon kaa pratishat joe sochate they kii vivaah seey pahale yaun sambandh hamesha yaa lagbhag hamesha galat thaa, 67 pratishat taka badh gayaa.
ingland mein "church times" dwara 2002 key ack sarvekshan mein paaya gayaa kii poochtaachh kiye gaye 5,000 pathakon mein seey aadhe seey bhee cumm ney kahaa kii purushon aur mahilaaon key liye shaadi seey pahale yaun sambandh banaana galat thaa. 25 pratishat seey adhik ney yeh bhee kahaa kii ack jode key liye shaadi karane kaa irada kiye binaa ack saath rehna sweekarya thaa.
2003 kii report, "sahavaasah ack isai pratibimb", joe southwark key diosis dwara utpaadit kiya gayaa thaa, mein paaya gayaa kii church kii paaramparik shiksha kii shaadi seey pahale yaun sambandh galat haye, aaj key samaaj kii tulanaa mein samaaj key ack alag roop seey viraasat mein millie haye. haalaanki, report ney taba shodh kaa hawala diyaa joe saha-vaas key saath aaney vaali samasyaon koo darshaata haye, vishesh roop seey bachchon kii parvarish key sambandh mein. yeh nishkarsh nikala kii vivaah "saha-vaas kii tulanaa mein bahut adhik santoshjanak samajik parampara haye", lekin yeh kahata haye kii church iss tarah seey vivaah koo prastut karane mein whiffle rhaa haye joe yuvaaon kii kalpana koo pakadata haye aur church koo chunauti kaa saamana karane aur vivaah mein apane vishvaas koo phir seey khojane kii aavashyakta haye. report mein kahaa gayaa kii paul ney shaadi kaa "satark swaagat" kiya, lekin ack "ugravaadi apostolic drishtikon" bhee thaa joe brahmacharya kaa samarthan kartaa thaa, jise kaee praarambhik isaaiyon dwara "shaadi seey adhik mahaan key roop mein dekhaa gayaa thaa. report mein yeh bhee kahaa gayaa haye kii "praarambhik isai samudaayon key sakht yaun sanhitaon ney unhein moortipoojak duniya key yaun bhogwad seey alag ack alag pehchaan dene mein madad kii."
report ney antatah iss sambhavana koo khariz curr diyaa kii isai church key sadasyon key liye shaadi karane key iraade key binaa sahvaas sweekarya haye.
2004 key ack sakshatkar mein, australia key anglican primate, archbishop peater carnley ney nott kiya kii vishamalaingik vaastavik sambandh aur pratibaddh honey kaa anichha unake liye samlaingik vivaah andolan kii tulanaa mein adhik gambhir chintaaen theen. jaba unase poochha gayaa kii kyaa unhein lagata haye kii yaun naitikta vyaktiparak thee, tou unhone asahamati jataai, yeh kahate hue kii "mujhe lagata haye kii yeh kahana sambhav haye, udaaharan key liye, kii yeh vastunishth roop seey kaafee spasht haye kii vyabhichaar ack buri baat haye."
2009 mein, aine. tii. raait ney nott kiya kii, lokpriya pravachan mein, yaun vareeyata dwara visheshta vaali ack vyaktigat 'pehchaan' kii ack "kathit aadhunik aur vaigyaanik khoj" hui haye, joe taba 'adhikaaron' kaa ack samooh utpann karati haye...] vaigyaanik sakshya kii charcha mein pravesh kiye binaa, yeh kahaa jaanaa chaahiye kii vyaktigat pehchaan kii isai dhaarana koo pahale kabhi bhee kissy bhee prakaar kii ichchhaon mein nihit naheen maanaa gayaa haye. vaastav mein, ichchhaon koo niyamit roop seey 'masih mein honey' kii baadhaon key tahat laaya jaataa haye. ack 'pehchaan' kii yeh bilkul naee dhaarana naa kewal apane bheetar paaee jaati haye, balki kissy kii bhaavnaatmak aur shaaririk ichchhaon key bheetar shaastra aur parampara key aadhar parr vyakt kii jaani chaahiye, aur merey dimag mein aisaa naheen kiya gayaa haye...] church ney kabhi bhee iss baat koo sweekaar naheen kiya haye kii shaktishali yaun pravritti, joe lagbhag sabhi manushyon mein haye, pratham drishtaya ack 'adhikaar' utpann karati haye kii yeye pravritti shaaririk abhivyakti praapt karati haye. sabhi koo pavitrata key liye kahaa jaataa haye aur, isake bheetar, kuchh koo brahmacharya key liye kahaa jaataa haye; lekin brahmacharya key liye ack coll ack hii baat naheen haye joe yeh pataa lagaane key liye haye kii kissy kii kamjor yaa nagany yaun ichcha haye. sateeta key aatm-niyantran kaa ahwan sabhi key liye haih vishamalaingik jhukaav vaale joe, chaahe way vivaahit houn yaa naa houn, niyamit roop seey aur shaktishali roop seey kaee alag-alag sambhaavit bhagidaron kii or aakarshit hotey hain, utanaa hii jitna kii alag-alag pravritti vaale logon key liye."
ack anya avsar parr, raait ney kahaa, "hamein khud koo yaad dilaane kii aavashyakta haye kii poori bibil kii yaun naitikta gaharaai seey vipareet-antargyaani haye. sabhi manushyon mein kuchh samay key liye, aur kuchh manushyon mein adhikansh samay, yaun antarangata yaa santushti (kaee bhagidar, pornography, joe bhee hoe) key liye gahari haardik lalsa hoti haye joe nirmaata key apane maanav praniyon key liye sarvottam iradon koo pratibimbit naheen karati haye, jisake madhyam seey nayaa gyaan aur phal-phoolana janm legaa. yaun sanyam sabhi key liye anivarya haye, adhikansh key liye kathin haye, kuchh key liye behad chunautipurna haye. bhagwan dayalu aur dayalu hain lekin iska matlab yeh naheen haye kii unake rachanaatmak maanak vaastav mein mayane naheen rakhate hain."
canterbury key poorv archbishop, rovan williams aur york key archbishop, johnn sendamu ney saha-vaas key prati sahishnuta vyakt kii haye. 2011 mein, johnn sendamu ney rajkumar villium aur catherine key apani shaadi seey pahale ack saath rahane key faisale parr tippani karate hue kahaa kii shaahi jode kii aaj ack saath jeevan jeene kii saarvajanik pratibaddhata unake ateet kii tulanaa mein adhik mahatvapurna hogi. sentamu ney kahaa kii unhone dakshin landan mein ack wicker key roop mein apane samay key dauran "kaee saha-nivaas karane vaale jodon" key liye shaadi kii sevaayen aayojit kii theen. rovan williams ney kahaa kii vaha vyaktigat roop seey vivaah key baahar yaun sambandh koo paap naheen maanate they aur 2002 mein nott kiya kii unhein church key saarvajanik rukh key saath apane udaar vyaktigat vishvaason kaa milan karna mushkil lagaa. haalaanki, 2008 mein, doctor williams ney kahaa, "shaadi key baahar yaun sambandh bhagwan key uddeshya key roop mein naheen haye...[ mujhe hamesha yaun naitikta koo dhwani mein parivartit karna mushkil lagata haye...] main buss itna hii kaha sakata huun kii church kahaan khadaa haye, yeh sawal naheen haye kii rovan williams kaa kyaa drishtikon haye...] yaun sambandhon kaa bibil kaa drishtikon lagaatar poorna parasparik pratibaddhata key pattern key bheetar haye, joe apane logon key prati bhagwan kii pratibaddhata koo darshaata haye. aur bible kii dhaarana yeh haye kii pratibaddhata vishamalaingik haye. yahee vaha dhancha haye jisamen humm kaam karate hain."
dow. williams ney apane 1997 key pahale nibandh, "varjit falah nayaa vasiyatnama yaun naitikta" mein kahaa thaa, "main yeh naheen dekh sakata kii nayaa vasiyatnama aasaani seey saarvajanik roop seey pratibaddh [vivaah mein] rishte key baahar yaun antarangata key kissy bhee seedhe sakaratmak mulyankan kii anumati detaa haye."
2013 mein, williams key uttaradhikari, justine welby ney kahaa kii "yaun naitikta key baare mein merrie samajh yeh rahee haye kii, chaahe vaha samlaingik hoe yaa seedha, shaadi key baahar sex galat haye."unhone 2013 mein phir seey iss vishvaas koo dohraya, yeh dekhate hue kii", aadarsh koo kewal isaliye chhodana kyonki ise praapt karna mushkil haye, hasyaspad haye."welby dwara apana pahala bayaan dene key baad, ack" "ravivaar key samay" "key sarvekshan mein paaya gayaa kii" "adhikansh vayask (69 pratishat, jisamen 76 pratishat loga shamil hain joe koee vishvaas naheen rakhate hain) vivaah key baahar yaun sambandh kii ninda karane mein galat maanate hain, jabaki 17 pratishat koo lagata haye kii vaha sahee haye (30 pratishat anglican sahit), aur 13 pratishat anishchit hain."
kinsey sansthaan tippani kartaa haye kih
2013 key british samajik drishtikon sarvekshan mein paaya gayaa kii ingland key church key sadasya pichhale 30 varshon mein vivaah seey pahale yaun sambandh koo adhik sweekaar karane lagey hain. 1983 mein, sarvekshan kiye gaye british anglican key 31 pratishat ney socha kii vivaah seey pahale yaun sambandh "hamesha" yaa "jyaadaatar" galat thaa, jabaki 2012 mein, kewal 10 pratishat ney socha kii aisaa thaa. isi tarah, 1989 mein, sarvekshan kiye gaye 78 pratishat anglican ney socha kii logon koo bachche paida karane seey pahale shaadi curr lenny chaahiye. 2012 mein yeh ghatkar 54 pratishat reh gayaa thaa.
paddhativaad.
americi paddhativetta dharamshastri aur paadari, bayne vitherinton III kaa maanana haye kii "ack mahila mein kaumarya koo shaadi seey pahale [bibil kii sanskritiyon mein] atyadhik mahatva diyaa jaataa thaa...] praarambhik yahudi kaanoon mein yadi aapane kissy mahila key saath yaun sambandh banaae they tou aapako usase vivaahit maanaa jaataa thaa yaa aapane usey sharminda kiya thaa. mairi aur joseph kii kahani dekhein. pornea sabhi prakaar key yaun paap koo sandarbhit curr sakata haye jisamen ack kunwari koo cumm karna bhee shamil haye...] adhikansh mamalon mein arrange marriage seey pahale koee detting yaa shaaririk antarangata naheen thee. yeeshu aur paul kii duniya mein detting kii dhaarana maujood naheen haye. doosara, sammaan aur sherm kii sanskritiyon ney yaun shuddhata koo uchch moolya diyaa. dhyaan dein kii veshyaon koo kaise kalankit kiya gayaa thaa. mahilaaon koo mukhya roop seey yaun anaitikta key liye doshi thaharaaya jaataa thaa. anta mein yeeshu ney apane shishyon koo vishamalaingik vivaah mein yaa napunsak honey mein dou vikalp diye! iska matlab haye kii shaadi key baahar koee yaun sambandh naheen haye."
iss mudde parr sanyukt raajya america mein sanyukt paddhativaadi church kii sthiti iss prakaar haih "halanki sabhi vyakti yaun prani hain chaahe way vivaahit houn yaa naheen, yaun sambandh kewal vivaah bandhan mein spasht roop seey pusht hotey hain."
australia mein ekjut church abhee bhee iss vishay parr apane vichaar banaa rhaa haye. yeh vivaah pratha aur jeevan shally mein parivartanon koo pahachaantaa haye joe poore samaaj mein pratidhwanit hue hain aur yeh kii yuu. see. aeye. koo janata dwara kaee anya sampradayon kii tulanaa mein manavata kii vaastaviktaon koo adhik sweekaar karane key roop mein maanaa jaataa haye. ack report mein kahaa gayaa haye kii dharmgranth vaastav mein vivaah key baare mein naheen haye jaisa kii samkaaleen paschimi samajon mein samajha jaataa haye aur vaastav mein, isake baare mein bahut cumm kahana haye. report mein, church ney yeh bhee sweekaar kiya kii kaee avivaahit logon ney yaun sambandh banaae they, lekin naa tou isaki ninda kii aur naa hii iska samarthan kiya, isake bajaay yeh dhyaan diyaa kii church key bheetar kaee alag-alag vichaar they.
steinly houyerwass kaa tark haye kii shaadi seey pahale sex key baare mein prashnon koo church kii kathaa key sandarbh mein phir seey taiyar karane kii aavashyakta haye. vaha vyaktiyon seey yeh vichaar karane key liye kahata haye kii kyaa yeh ack shuddh yaa kamuk jeevan shally haye joe isai koo church key akhyan mein rahane aur seva karane key liye sabse achchha taiyar karegi. doctor hwerwas ney nishkarsh nikala, "kyonki yeh mudda yeh naheen haye kii yaun gatividhi kaa x yaa y roop sahee haye yaa galat, jaise kii iss tarah kii gatividhi koo jeevan key poore tareeke seey alag kiya jaa sakata haye...] mudda yeh naheen haye kii koee vyakti jannang gatividhi mein shamil naheen honey key arth mein shuddh haye yaa naheen, balki yeh haye kii kyaa humm iss tarah seey rahey hain joe hamein apane saath ack aisaa itihas laane kii anumati detaa haye joe ack dusare key saath vikasit honey key liye hamein bulaaye jaane vaale samanya itihas mein yogdan detaa haye. humm bhool jaate hain kii pavitrata ack raajya naheen haye, balki vishvaas key guna kaa ack roop haye joe samudaay mein ack bhoomika key liye aavashyak haye...] yuva joe uchit roop seey maang karate hain vaha jeevan kaa ack vivaran haye aur ack samudaay mein deeksha haye joe samajh mein aataa haye kii sex mein unaki ruchi koo anya hiton key adheen kyon kiya jaanaa chaahiye. way aur humm joe maang karate hain vaha ack aise romanch kaa pralobhan haye joe kalpana koo paryaapt roop seey pakadata haye kii vijay kaa arth dusare key yaun adhikaar seey adhik haye. maine yeh sujhaav dene kii koshish kii haye kii isaaiyon key liye vivaah aur ekalata koo sirf iss tarah key ack saahas kaa pratinidhitva karna chaahiye, aur yadi aisaa naheen hotaa haye, tou sthiti koo thheek karane key liye koee naitikta yaa niyam paryaapt naheen honge."
quakers.
adhikansh quakers, joe abhivinyas mein evangelical hain, maanav kamukta key baare mein paaramparik isai vichaaron koo banaae rakhate hain, jaisa kii evangelical friends church international key "vishvaas aur abhyaas key manual" mein varnit haih
baptism lene vaale.
texas mein nau dakshini baptist churchon mein 2015 mein kiye gaye ack adhyayan mein paaya gayaa kii 70 pratishat seey adhik uttardaataon ney bataaya kii unhone vivaah seey pahale yoni yaa maukhik yaun sambandh banaae they. dakshini baptist vidwan frank ney nae vasiyatname kii vyakhya karate hue kahaa kii sex shaadi key liye aarakshit haye. unhone kahaa kii nayaa vasiyatnama sikhaata haye kii vivaah key baahar yaun sambandh vyabhichaar kaa paap haye yadi koee bhee yaun pratibhaagi vivaahit haye, anyatha vyabhichaar kaa paap yadi donon yaun pratibhaagi avivaahit hain.
dakshini baptism lene vaalon kii naitikta aur dhaarmik swatantrata aayog bhee bible kii unaki vyakhya key aadhar parr vivaah seey pahale key yaun sambandh kii ninda kartaa haye. yeh mahsoos karna kii vivaah ack "divya sanstha" haye, dakshini bapatisma dene kii sthiti roman catholic sanskarvad key karib haye, joe luther aur calvin kii tulanaa mein haye, jinhone vivaah koo ack kanuni samjhauta aur raajya kaa vyavasaay banaae rakhaa thaa.
pentecostal.
australia mein, pentecostal vivaah poorv yaun sambandh kii avadharana key teji seey virodh curr rahey hain. 1993 mein, 62 pratishat australiyai pentecostal ney mahsoos kiya kii shaadi seey pahale yaun sambandh banaana galat thaa. 2009 taka yeh aankada badhkar 78 pratishat hoe gayaa thaa.
saankhyiki aur adhyayan.
journal off marriage aind family" mein prakaashit 2004 key ack sahakarmi-sameeksha adhyayan key anusaar, jinn mahilaaon key ack seey adhik vivaah poorv yaun sambandh hain, yadi way antatah shaadi curr letee hain tou lambe samay taka vyavadhaan kii adhik sambhavana hoti haye, iss prabhaav key saath "una mahilaaon key liye sabse majboot haye jinake paas kaee vivaah poorv saha-aavaasiya sangh hain. kaana aind landan (1991) ney paaya kii vivaah seey pahale yaun sambandh aur talaak sakaratmak roop seey sahsambaddh hain.
samajshastri maark reganerus ney apani pustak "varjit falah sex aind dharm inn dha lifes off american teenagers" mein likhaa haye kii "evangelical christian kishoron ney mukhya protestant kii tulanaa mein pahale hii apana kaumarya khou diyaa hoga. way ausatan 16.3 varsh kii ayu mein yaun sambandh banaana shuru curr dete hain aur anya dhaarmik samoohon kii tulanaa mein 17 varsh kii ayu taka teen yaa adhik yaun saathi honey kii adhik sambhavana haye. "america mein parivarik adhyayan sansthaan dwara 2019 key ack adhyayan mein paaya gayaa kii protestant mein kabhi shaadi naa karane vaale yuva logon kii darr catholics kii tulanaa mein adhik haye.
2012 key ack adhyayan, prajanan aur garbhanirodhak gyaan key rashtriya sarvekshan mein paaya gayaa kii 18 seey 29 varsh kii ayu key 80 pratishat yuva americi isai vivaah seey pahale yaun sambandh banaa rahey hain.
2012 key ack sarvekshan mein paaya gayaa kii 18 seey 29 varsh kii ayu key beach key 56 pratishat avivaahit isai kabhi bhee yaun roop seey sakriya naheen they. pichhale adhyayanon key vipareet, yeh sarvekshan uttardaataon parr kewal "evangelical" key roop mein apani pehchaan karane parr nirbhar naheen thaa, balki maheene mein cumm seey cumm ack baar ack protestant church mein bhee jaanaa padata thaa, yeh vishvaas karate hue kii jaba way marenge tou way swarg jaayenge kyonki unhone yeeshu masih koo apane uddhaarak key roop mein sweekaar kiya haye, dridhata seey sahmat hain kii bible bhagwan kaa likhit shabd haye aur joe kuchh bhee yeh sikhaata haye usamen sateek haye, kii yeeshu masih key prati unaki vyaktigat pratibaddhata aaj bhee unake jeevan key liye mahatvapurna haye, kii shashwat moksh kewal yeeshu masih key madhyam seey hii sambhav haye, aur yeh kii dusaron koo unake dhaarmik vishvaason key baare mein bataane kii unaki vyaktigat roop seey jimmedaari haye. usee sarvekshan mein paaya gayaa kii uchch dharmikta, jaisa kii bible padhane kii aavritti dwara maapa jaataa haye, gair-vaivaahik yaun gatividhi kii cumm darr key saath sahsambaddh thee.
online detting websites seey 2014 kii ack press vigyapti ney detting aur sex key prati apane drishtikon mein 2,600 amerikiyon key ack sarvekshan key parinamon kii ghoshana kii. sarvekshan mein paaya gayaa kii 61 pratishat isaaiyon kaa maanana thaa kii way shaadi seey pahale yaun sambandh rakhenge. chhappan pratishat ney chhah maheene seey dou saal key beach samay bitaane key baad ack romantic saathi key saath saha-vaas karna uchit paaya.
susamachar pracharakon key liye, vivaah seey pahale kaumarya bahut mahatvapurna haye.
sachcha pyaar prateeksha kii sthaapana 1993 mein dakshini baptist sammelan key ravivaar school board dwara kii gaee thee. iska uddeshya yuva isaaiyon koo vivaah seey pahale yaun tyag key laabhon key baare mein pavitrata pratigya key saath shikshit karna haye. yeh karyakram jisamen mukhya roop seey pratigya patron, shuddhata key angoothiyon aur pustakon parr hastakshar karna shamil haye, kaee susamachar sampradayon aur sangathanon jaise cru aur yuva dwara apanaaya gayaa haye.
hindu dharm.
hindu granthon mein yaun sambandh parr kaee vichaar prastut kiye gaye hain. () kaa bhajan 4.5 () vyabhichaar (,) kahata haye. indologist vendi doniger key anusaar, vaidik granth, jisamen, () aur upanishad () shamil hain, purush premiyon aur mahila premiyon key astitva koo maanav jeevan key ack buniyaadi tathya key roop mein sweekaar karate hain, jisake baad yeh sifarish kii jaati haye kii kissy koo kuchh anushthaan avsaron (;) key dauran iss tarah key atirikt vaivaahik yaun sambandh seey bachana chaahiye. doniger kaa kahana haye kii ack mahila kii apane premi seey milane kii bhaavnaatmak utsukta kaa varnan kiya gayaa haye, aur ack bhajan devtaon seey prarthana kartaa haye kii way ack garbhavati patni key bhroon kii raksha karein kyonki vaha apane pati aur anya premiyon key saath sotee haye.
mandgade raam jois kaa anuvaad schlock 4.134 key roop mein vyabhichaar aur vyabhichaar koo ack jaghany aparaadh ghoshit karane key roop mein kiya jaataa haye, aur gambhir dund nirdhaarit kartaa haye. pada 8.362 una mahilaaon key liye vyabhichaar parr niyamon koo chhoot detaa haye joe apani aajeevika kamaati hain yaa yatra pradarshan kii patniyan hain, jahaan mahila apani ichcha seey yaa pati key protsaahan seey yaun sampark mein pravesh karati haye. (), kahate hain kii vyabhichaar parr dou vichaar prastut kartaa haye. yeh ack nae vivaahit jode koo jeevan bhar ack-dusare key prati yaun roop seey wafadar rahane kii salah detaa haye. yeh yeh bhee sweekaar kartaa haye kii vyabhichaari sambandh hotey hain, bachche aise sambandhon seey paida hotey hain aur phir yeh tark dete hain kii bachcha garbhavati mahila key kanuni pati kaa haye, naa kii javic pitaa kaa. anya granth vyabhichaar koo dandaniya aparaadh key roop mein varnit karate hain lekin vivaran mein kaafee antar haye. udaaharan key liye, vyabhichaar ack dandaniya aparaadh naheen haye yadi "mahila key pati ney usey isaliye chhod diyaa haye kyonki vaha dusht haye, yaa vaha napunsak haye, yaa ack aise purush kaa haye joe parwah naheen kartaa haye, basharte patni apani ichcha seey ise shuru karey", indologist richard laurivier kahate hain. manusmriti" kii aayat 5.154 mein kahaa gayaa haye kii mahilaaon koo apane pati kii bhagwan key roop mein pooja karni chaahiye aur poori tarah seey wafadar rehna chaahiye, bhale hii vaha vyabhichaar karey.
ramanathan aur veerakoon key anusaar, hindu dharm mein, yaun mamalon koo shamil logon key nirnay parr chhod diyaa jaataa haye, naa kii kaanoon key madhyam seey thopa jaane vaalaa mamla. kamsutra" () mein joe veda yaa puraanon jaisa dhaarmik granth naheen haye, balki prem aur ling parr ack pracheen granth haye, vatsyayan vyabhichaar key gunon parr charcha kartaa haye. udaaharan key liye, areal glucklitch kahate hain, yaun sampark ack purush key liye ack saadhan key roop mein sikhaaya jaataa haye taaki vaha shamil mahila koo usaki sahaayata karane, apane dushmanon key khilaf kaam karane aur usaki safaltaon koo suvidhajanak banaane mein purvanirdhaarit curr sakey. yeh una kaee sanketon aur karanon koo bhee bataata haye joe ack mahila shaadi key baahar yaun sambandh mein pravesh karna chaahati haye, aur jaba vaha vyabhichaar naheen karna chaahati haye.
anya hindu granth vyavhaar aur pauranik kathaaon kaa ack adhik jatil model prastut karate hain jahan devta vibhinn karanon seey vyabhichaar karate hain. udaaharan key liye, krishna vyabhichaar karate hain aur vishnu dwara maanav roop lene parr () ise kuchh apekshit key roop mein uchit thaharaate hain, jaise rishi aniyantrit hoe jaate hain. tracy colleman key anusaar, radha aur anya gopiyaan vaastav mein krishna key premi hain, lekin yeh yaa "niswarth, sachcha prem" haye aur shaaririk lalsa naheen haye. hindu granthon mein, gopiyon aur krishna key beach iss sambandh mein gupt raatri millen shamil haye. kuchh granthon mein ise divya vyabhichaar bataaya gayaa haye, anya mein aadhyatmik samarpan aur dhaarmik moolya key prateek key roop mein.
islam.
islami kaanoon mein gairkaanooni yaun sambandh koo (yaa) kahaa jaataa haye. samlaingik sambhog kaa vargeekaran kanuni school key anusaar alag hotaa haye. kurran ney usa samay arab mein prachalit vyabhichaar koo aswikar curr diyaa thaa, aur kaee chhand gairkaanooni yaun sambandh kaa ullekh karate hain, jisamen ack aisaa bhee shamil haye joe una logon key liye 100 kodon kii sajaa nirdhaarit kartaa haye jinhone aisaa kiya thaa. aparaadh saabit karane key liye chaar gavaahon kii aavashyakta hoti haye. iss prakaar () apraadhon key varg seey sambandhit hain jinamen kurran dwara nirdisht dund hain.
halanki kurran mein pattharbaaji kaa ullekh naheen haye, paaramparik nyayshastra key sabhi school hadis key aadhar parr sahmat they kii yadi aparaadhi vyabhichaar kartaa haye aur (vayask, swatantra, musalman aur vivaahit haye) tou ise pattharbaaji seey dandit kiya jaanaa haye, kuchh logon ney iss sajaa koo kuchh anya mamalon mein badhaaya haye aur anya paridrishyon mein mamuli sajaa nirdhaarit kii gaee haye. apraadhiyon koo apani mergie seey kaam karna chaahiye. paaramparik nyayshastra key anusaar, pravesh key vaastavik kaary key liye chaar chashmadid gavaahon kii gawahi seey saabit kiya jaanaa chaahiye, yaa ack sweekaarokti koo chaar baar dohraya jaanaa chaahiye aur baad mein vaapas naheen liya jaanaa chaahiye. maliki kanuni school ack avivaahit mahila kii garbhavastha koo sakshya key roop mein upayog karane kii bhee anumati detaa haye, lekin sajaa koo kaee kanuni "semblance" () dwara taalaa jaa sakata haye, jaise kii ack amaanya vivaah anubandh kaa astitva. balatkar parr paaramparik roop seey vibhinn kanuni shreniyon key tahat mukadama chalaaya jaataa thaa joe samanya sakshya niyamon kaa upayog karate they. aavashyak chashmadid gavaahon koo prastut kiye binaa aarop lagaana () kehlata haye, joe apane aap mein ack aparaadh haye.
2013 mein prakaashit ack adhyayan mein paaya gayaa kii sabhi pramukh dhaarmik samoohon key anuyaayiyon kii tulanaa mein musalmaanon mein vivaah seey pahale yaun sambandh banaane kii sambhavana cumm haye, jisamen 60 pratishat seey adhik musalmaanon ney vivaah seey pahale yaun sambandh banaae hain. mukhya roop seey muslim samajon mein logon mein vivaah seey pahale yaun sambandh banaane kii sabse cumm report haye. isi adhyayan mein paaya gayaa kii kull milakar muslim alpasankhyak deshon mein rahane vaali muslim mahilaaon ney "una deshon mein muslim mahilaaon kii tulanaa mein teen gunaa adhik vivaah poorv yaun sambandh banaae hain jahaan 90 pratishat aabaadi islam kaa paalan karati haye.
yahudi dharm.
dou sroton koo uddhrit karane key liye, "torah ise gairkaanooni naheen maanata haye kyonki yeh kaee anya prakaar key yaun sambandhon koo kartaa haye aur iss tarah key millen key bachche koo (avaidh) naheen maanaa jaataa haye. phir bhee, vaivaahik yaun sambandh koo aadarsh maanaa jaataa haye, aur vivaah seey pahale yaun sambandh paaramparik roop seey sweekrit naheen haye. vivaah seey pahale key yaun sambandh key prati nakaratmak drishtikon, kaafee hudd taka, vivaah key bheetar yaun sambandh key prati atyadhik sakaratmak drishtikon koo darshaata haye."isi tarah, torah aur isaki tippaniyon mein yaun gatividhiyon parr rakhee gaee seemaaen vyabhichaar aur vyabhichaar aur samalaingikta key khilaf nishedh hain. bibil key samay mein, ack purush koo ack mahila key saath yaun sambandh banaane seey pratibandhit naheen kiya gayaa thaa, jaba taka kii yeh shaadi kaa kaaran banaa. bible mein kabhi bhee spasht roop seey yeh naheen kahaa gayaa haye kii ack mahila aur purush shaadi seey pahale yaun sambandh naheen banaa sakate hain; isaliye, vivaah seey pahale yaun sambandh key liye koee manjuri naheen dee gaee thee, lekin ise pratha kaa ullanghan maanaa jaataa thaa."
haalaanki, Deuteronony 22:13-29 koo kuchh paristhitiyon mein vivaah seey pahale yaun sambandh koo pratibandhit karane key roop mein vyakhya kii jaa sakati haye, jaise kii mahila kaumarya kii saanskritik apekshaon kaa ullanghan. lekin anya yaun apraadhon kii tulanaa mein, iss prakaar key vivaah seey pahale key yaun sambandh key liye aavashyak sajaa donon pakshon key liye shaadi karane key liye thee. unhein talaak dene seey bhee manaa kiya gayaa thaa, binaa kissy apavaad key.
paaramparik roodhivaadi yahudi vivaah seey pahale key yaun sambandh key khilaf hain.
2013 mein prakaashit ack adhyayan mein paaya gayaa kii 80 pratishat seey adhik yahoodiyon ney shaadi seey pahale yaun sambandh banaae they, aur anya pramukh dhaarmik samoohon kii tulanaa mein shaadi seey pahale yaun sambandh banaane kii adhik sambhavana thee.
sikh dharm.
sikh dharm kissy bhee prakaar key vyabhichaar kii ninda kartaa haye. vyabhichaar sikh naitik siddhant kaam key antargat aataa haye, jiska motey taur parr anuvaad patipatni, vasna yaa lalach mein hotaa haye jaisa kii abrahamik vishvaason dwara samajha jaataa haye.

