
table tennis pakad aur khelane kii shailiyaan

table tennis rackett khelon mein advitiya haye kyonki yeh khel key uchchatam star parr bhee vibhinn prakaar kii khelane kii shailiyon kaa samarthan kartaa haye. vibhinn prakaar kii khel shailiyon seey sambandhit aur aapas mein judey hue, table tennis rackett koo pakadane key vibhinn tarikon kaa bhee samarthan kartaa haye. iss lekh mein pratispardhi khel mein dekhi jaane vaali kuchh sabse aam table tennis pakad aur khelane kii shailiyon kaa varnan kiya gayaa haye. iss lekh mein soochibaddh khel shailiyaan aspasht seemaon key saath vyaapak shreniyaan hain, aur adhikansh khilaadiyon key paas "pasandida" kii or jhukate hue inn shailiyon kaa kuchh sanyojan hoga. kaee unnat khilaadi apane swayam key kuchh "vishesh" shott bhee jodenge.
shakehand grip aur ataik-oriented khelane kii shailiyaan uchch-stariya khel mein sabse lokpriya shailiyaan hain. jabaki kaee logon kaa tark haye kii aisaa isaliye haye kyonki shakehand grip aur aakraman karane vaali shailiyon kaa ack pratispardhi laabh haye, yeh bhee sach haye kii shakehand grip koo ack shuruati key roop mein seekhana aasaan haye, aur aakraman-unmukh khel shailiyon mein rakshaatmak khelane kii shailiyon kii tulanaa mein vyaapak saundarya appeal haye. isake bavjood, vibhinn prakaar kii khelane kii shailiyon aur pakad takneekon vaale khilaadi abhee bhee uchchatam star parr tournament khelane aur jeetane kaa prabandhan karate hain.
1970 key dashak mein, adhikansh europeeya teams ney apane sabhi khilaadiyon koo ack hii upkaran aur khelane kii shally key saath prashikshit karane parr dhyaan kendrit kiyaah rackett parr ulte rubber key saath shakehand pakad, ack loop-kendrit aakraman shally khelna, mez key 2/3 koo cover karane key liye forehand kaa upayog karna aur table key 1/3 koo cover karane key liye backhand. isake vipareet, cheeni team ney apane khilaadiyon key beach khelane kii shailiyon, upkaranon aur pakad kii vividhataon kii ack vistrit vividhata banaae rakhee. cheeni team dwara banaae rakhee gaee vividhata pichhale kaee dashakon mein khel key unake prabhutva mein koee sandeh naheen haye, aur europeeya teams ney haal hii mein iska pataa lagaaya haye aur iska paalan kiya haye.
rackett pakadata haye.
pratispardhi table tennis khilaadi apane rackett koo vibhinn tarikon seey pakadate hain. lagbhag sabhi pratispardhi khilaadi apane rackett koo yaa tou shakehand pakad yaa penhold pakad seey pakadate hain. gripping shailiyon mein kaee bhinnataaen maujood hain. antarrashtriya table tennis mahasangh (aaee. tii. aff.) key niyam rackett koo pakadane kaa tarika nirdhaarit naheen karate hain.
haath pakaden.
table tennis rackett key vartamaan aakar lene key baad seey shakehand sambhavatah sabse purani bachee hui pakad haye. iska naam isaliye rakhaa gayaa haye kyonki ack vyakti rackett koo aise pakadata haye jaise kii way usase haath milaa rahey honh rackett key ack taraf angootha, doosari taraf tarjani ungli, aur shesh teen ungaliyan handle key chaaron or lapeta huaa haye. yeh pakad forehand aur backhand shots parr lagbhag samaan bijli vitaran kii anumati detee haye, lekin shareer key beach mein ack ajib crossover bindu seey peedit hoti haye, jahaan khilaadi koo forehand seey backhand parr jaanaa padata haye. forehand aur backhand key beach kaa yeh crossover bindu shakehand khilaadiyon key liye kamjori kaa ack kshetra haye, lekin penhold khilaadiyon key paas aisaa crossover point naheen hotaa haye kyonki way apane forehand koo pendulam kii tarah neeche jhoolaakar apane shareer key beach koo dhaka sakate hain. shakehand grip key mukhya laabh forehand aur backhand donon taraf teji seey topspin hamale karane kii kshamata haye, aur behad spinny genden banaane kii kshamata haye, vishesh roop seey shuddh topspin aur shuddh backspin key saath. 
lagbhag sabhi europeeya khilaadi aur lagbhag dou tihai asiai khilaadi shakehand grip kaa upayog karate hain.
penhold grip.
penhold grip kaa naam kalam koo pakadane key tareeke seey samaantaa key kaaran rakhaa gayaa haih angoothe aur tarjani key saath handle key saamane kii or lapeta jaataa haye, aur shesh teen ungaliyon koo blade key peechhe rakhaa jaataa haye. penhold shailiyon kaa ack ullekhaniya laabh haye shakehand parr kii unake shareer key beach mein ack ajib crossover bindu naheen haye. penhold shailiyaan blade key tala key aksh key chaaron or lagbhag 270° kalaai kii gatishilata kii anumati detee hain, jisase penhold khilaadiyon key liye sidepin key saath-saath hybrid sidepin-topspin yaa sidepin-backspin shots kii donon dishaaon koo banaana bahut aasaan hoe jaataa haye. penhold khilaadiyon key liye yeh prachhann karna bhee aasaan haye kii way gend parr kiss tarah kaa spin lagaa rahey hain, saath hii saath way kiss disha mein gend koo maarne jaa rahey hain. penhold khilaadiyon key liye aamtaur parr shuddh topspin yaa shuddh backspin banaana kathin hotaa haye, kyonki unake adhikansh shots mein kuchh sidepin honge. 
penhold grip shailiyaan haal key varshon mein cumm lokpriya hoe gaee hain, kyonki backhand topspin aur backhand hamalon koo karna kathin aur ajib haye, aur khel dair seey adhik aakraman-unmukh hoe gayaa haye. backhand kii kamjori seey penhold shuruati logon key liye apane shakehand samkakshon key khilaf achchha pradarshan karna bahut kathin hoe jaataa haye, aur behtar takneek vikasit karane key liye bahut cumm loga isake saath chipke rahate hain. haalaanki, isane sheersh penhold khilaadiyon koo niyamit roop seey vishva championship, vishva cup aur olympic khel jeetane seey naheen rokaa haye, kyonki backhand kamjori koo achchi backhand takneek (jaisa kii rayu seung-minn ney kiya haye) seekhane key prayaas mein dalkar, utkrisht footwork (rayu seung-minn aur zuu zinn dwara sarvshreshth udaaharan), yaa adhik aadhunik riverse penhold backhand navachar (wang haao dwara sarvshreshth udaaharan) key saath poorak karke paryaapt roop seey cover kiya jaa sakata haye.
asamanya pakad.
haalaanki adhikansh table tennis khilaadi uparokt teen shailiyon mein seey ack mein rackett koo pakadate hain, lekin kuchh baahari pakaden hain joe bahut durlabh hain.
penhold khelane kii shailiyaan.
forehand looper.
penhold looper apane praathamik shott key roop mein forehand topspin loop kaa upayog karate hain. ack loop table tennis mein ack topspin stroke haye, joe aamtaur parr forehand key saath kiya jaataa haye, jahaan khilaadi gend key neeche stroke shuru kartaa haye aur gend koo oopar kii or brush kartaa haye. ack looper aamtaur parr utkrisht footwork pradarshit kartaa haye, joe mez key adhikansh yaa sabhi hisse koo cover karane key liye forehand kaa upayog karane kii koshish kartaa haye. iss vajah seey, penhold loopers kii pahunch shakehand loopers kii tulanaa mein cumm hoti haye aur aam taur parr shaktishali loop exchange key dauran bhee table key karib rahane kii koshish karate hain. 
"ullekhaniya penhold loopers" mein shamil hain 1981-83 vishva champion guo yuhua, 1988 olympic swarn padak vijeta yuu naam-kyu, 1992 olympic purush yugal swarn padak vijeta lulin, 1992 olympic kansya padak vijeta kima tech-suu, 2001-03 vishva purush yugal champion yaan saine, 2004 olympic swarn padak vijeta rayu seung-minn, 2008 olympic swarn padak vijeta maa linn, aur 2015 purush aur mishrit yugal champion zu zinn.
dou tarfa looper.
dou-tarfa penhold looper lagbhag vishesh roop seey aadhunik cheeni penhold shally key saath khelate hain, jahan way shaktishali sankar sidepin-topspin loop banaane key liye riverse penhold backhand kaa upayog karate hain. aar. pee. bee. shott aksar sidepin key kaaran vaapas aanaa mushkil hotaa haye, aur gend key pahale seey hii hitt honey taka kii disha kaa anuman lagaana mushkil hotaa haye. 
paaramparik penhold khilaadi dou-tarfa looper hoe sakate hain, lekin backhand loop ack bahut hii kathin shott haye, jisamen bahut saare prashikshan aur atyadhik kandhe key lachilepan kii aavashyakta hoti haye. ack paaramparik kalam dhaarak key liye rayu seung-minn key paas ack achchha backhand loop haye, lekin phir bhee vaha apane shaktishali forehand kaa bahut samarthan kartaa haye.
sabse ullekhaniya dou-tarfa looper wang haao haye, joe apane lagbhag sabhi backhand shots key liye riverse penhold backhand kaa upayog kartaa haye. ack anya pramukh dou-tarfa penhold looper xue fei haye.
counter driver.
iss shally mein ack chhote crossover kaa penholder kaa laabh poori tarah seey upayog kiya jaataa haye. table key karib rahate hue, counter driver pratidvandi key topspin koo gati seey table key paar vaapas dhakelate hain, unhein sthiti seey baahar karane kii koshish karate hain, khel kii gati koo achaanak badalate hain, yaa avasarvaadi forehand kill kii talash karate hain. counter drivers key paas aamtaur parr ack surakshit forehand loop bhee hotaa haye, yadi pratidvandi ack chopper haye aur aasaani seey topspin yaa aasaan kill naheen detaa haye. yeh shally chhote pips hitters key liye achchi tarah seey kaam karati haye.
"ullekhaniya penhold counter drivers" mein 2000 asiai champion chiang peng-lung aur dakshin koriyai khilaadi moone hyun-jung shamil hain."maa linn, ack avishvasaniya roop seey achchi tarah seey goal khilaadi, iss ranneeti kaa upayog karane key liye bhee jaanaa jaataa haye jaba pratidvandi gend koo table seey door fenk rhaa hotaa haye. 
chhoti pips hitter.
yeh penhold shally ack chhote pips out rubber kaa upayog karati haye, aamtaur parr rackett key kewal ack taraf binaa kissy backside rubber key. short pips hitter table key oopar khelate hain, jaise hii gend table seey uchhalati haye, gend koo bahut sapaat roop seey maarte hain aur pips pratidvandi key adhikansh spin seey kaafee hudd taka aprabhaavit (yaa yahaan taka kii nakaarte hue) hotey hain. gend koo sapaat roop seey maarne kaa laabh yeh haye kii khilaadi kii saaree shakti gend key raikhik wegg mein sthanantarit hoe jaati haye, spin banaane parr koee oorjaa kharch kiye binaa. iska matlab haye kii shott bahut tej hotey hain, aur aamtaur parr anubhavaheen khilaadi key liye unhein rokna mushkil hotaa haye. halanki, ack topspin magnus prabhaav kii kamee kaa matlab haye kii shots koo table parr rakhna kathin haye kyonki way neeche kii or chaap prakshepavakra kaa paalan naheen karate hain, aur gend parr koniya gati kii kamee kaa matlab haye kii shots cumm susangat hain aur cumm matra mein havaa yaa havaa key dabaav key prati adhik samvedansheel hain, joe aksar ack nakal gend prabhaav dete hain. 
"ullekhaniya penhold short pips hitter" mein 1996 olympic champion liu guoliang, 1985 aur 1987 vishva champion jiang jialiang, teen baar key olympian toshio tasaki, yang ying, kwak baing-baing, seok yoon-mee, haye jhee wein, lii yoon-hii, wang zheng yee aur rory kargil shamil hain."
shakehand khelane kii shailiyaan.
forehand looper.
shakehand loopers dabaav daalate hain aur mukhya roop seey forehand seey tej aur spinny loop key saath ank jeetate hain. shuruati adaan-pradaan key baad, jaba pahala hamla kiya jaataa haye, tou looper vibhinn prakaar key topspin shots key saath hamla karenge, joe gati aur spin mein bhinn honge, apane virodhiyon koo mez key chaaron or paintarebaazi karenge aur seedhe vijetaon kii talash karenge. ack shakehand looper kii shakti aur pahunch kaa matlab haye kii way mez seey vaapas aaney parr bhee counterloop curr sakate hain, joe kii ack shandar drishya hoe sakata haye jaba ack lobbing looper koo achaanak smash dwara vaapas karane key liye majboor kiya jaataa haye aur phir seey pahal karane key prayaas mein hamla kiya jaataa haye.
"ullekhaniya shakehand loopers" mein jeane-michel sive, werner schlegger, wang likin, maa long, jhaang jaaik, ding ning shamil hain."purushon key table tennis mein forehand looper khelane kii sabse pramukh shally haye, kyonki yeh ack khelane kii shally haye joe bahut shaktishali shots kaa samarthan karati haye.
dou tarfa hamlawar.
forehand looper kii tarah, dou-tarfa hamlawar loop kaa upayog praathamik hathiyar key roop mein kartaa haye, halanki aksar backhand side seey. backhand hamale kaa laabh yeh haye kii yeh aksar ack forehand loop kii tulanaa mein adhik niyantrit aur sateek hotaa haye, aur ack shaktishali backhand honey seey pahale hamale key saath-saath vibhinn konon kii sambhavana badh jaati haye jinn parr hamla kiya jaa sakata haye. dou-tarfa hamlawar aksar ack bahut tej aur shaktishali backhand flick kaa bhee upayog karate hain. way apane forehand parr apane backhand side kaa bhee samarthan curr sakate hain, lekin ack achchha forehand loop bhee banaae rakhate hain. 
"ullekhaniya purush dou-tarfa hamlaavaron mein dimitrij ovatcharov, phain jhendong, liang jingkun aur darco jorgi shamil hain."mahilaaon key table tennis mein dou-tarfa hamlawar khelane kii sabse pramukh shally haye, kyonki purushon key khel kii tulanaa mein mahilaaon kaa khel sateekta parr adhik aur shakti parr cumm dhyaan kendrit kartaa haye.
counter-driver.
shakehand counter driver pratidvandi parr vibhinn hamalon koo rokta haye aur vaapas chalaata haye, jisase konn aur lay koo badalane key madhyam seey trutiyon koo majboor kiya jaataa haye. counter drivers key beach twarit drive aur block kii ack shrinkhala kaafee prabhaavshaali lugg sakati haye, jisamen genden harr jagah udatee prateet hoti hain. yeh shally mahila khilaadiyon key beach lokpriya haye, kyonki purushon key khel kii tulanaa mein apekshaakrit kamjor hamalon koo rokna aasaan hotaa haye. 
"ullekhaniya counter-drivers mein kaee baar key olympic champion jhaang yinning key saath-saath fukuhara aaee, tyee yaana aur haye zujia shamil hain."
allrounder.
ack harfanmaula khilaadi aadhunik table tennis kii sabse karibi cheej haye joe ack shuddh rakshaatmak khilaadi key paas haye. aam taur parr inn khilaadiyon key paas gend koo vaapas karane key liye utkrisht prativart honge, aksar mez key karib seey, aur pratidvandi key liye asuvidhajanak sthaanon mein gend koo rakhane key liye apane rakshaatmak kaushal kaa upayog karenge, yaa buss gend koo vaapas karna jaari rakhenge jaba taka kii unhein hamla karane kaa achchha avsar naa mill jaae. yeh khelane kii shally counter-driver aur forehand looper kii ranneeti koo jodati haye.
"ullekhaniya harfanmaula khilaadiyon mein vladmir samsonov aur zaan-ov waldner shamil hain."
chopper.
table tennis mein sabse vishisht shally chopper haye. helicopter iss arth mein rakshaatmak haye kii, jabaki anya shailiyaan hamla karane aur pahal karane key liye dekhti hain, helicopter pahal chhod detaa haye, chop kaa upayog karke backspin aur/yaa sidepin key saath hamale koo vaapas karane key liye. chopper baar-baar hamale kartaa haye aur dheemi gati seey, tairate hue backspin chops koo jitna sambhav hoe utanaa dair seey nishpaadit kiya jaataa haye, jisase pratidvandi koo thakaa dene aur nirash karane key liye jitna aavashyak hoe utanaa samay lagata haye. inn cutty hui gendon koo aksar sahee dhang seey vaapas karna mushkil hotaa haye kyonki una parr bhaari backspin hotaa haye, aur dheemi gati seey tairane vaale return pratidvandi key liye phir seey hamla shuru karna aavashyak banaate hain. chops backspin kii matra (binaa spin seey tairane taka), sidepin (table mein yaa hamlawar seey door jhukana) aur sthiti mein bhinn hoe sakate hain, jisase lagaatar hamla karna mushkil hoe jaataa haye. kyonki cutty hui gendon koo achchi tarah seey vaapas karna mushkil hotaa haye, way aksar kharaab tareeke seey vaapas kii jaati hain aur helicopter koo hamla karane kaa achchha avsar detee hain. ulta rubber aamtaur parr rackett key forehand side parr lagaaya jaataa haye, aur backhand aamtaur parr lambe pips rubber yaa antispin rubber key liye aarakshit hotaa haye, joe spin key liye asamvedansheel hotaa haye (aur kabhi-kabhi spin koo bhee nakaartaa haye). ulta rubber kaa upayog hamla karane key liye kiya jaataa haye, aur lambe pips/antispin rubber kaa upayog kaatane key liye kiya jaataa haye. kuchh chopper apane rackett koo modate hain taaki rackett key kiss taraf pips houn, jisase unake pratidvandi key liye bhram kii ack aur parat juda jaae.
"ullekhaniya twiddle-chopper mein koji matsushita, swetlana ganina, irina kotikhina aur victoria pavlovic shamil hain. "ullekhaniya gair-twidel choppers mein chain weaksing, juu seey-hyuk, ding song, kima kyung-aaha, park mee-young aur taana peya furn shamil hain."bahut cumm khilaadi donon taraf ulte rubber seey bachaav karane kaa vikalp chunate hain, jiska ack ullekhaniya udaaharan wang tingting haye."
ack chopper aur ack hamlawar key beach key ank aamtaur parr gair-khilaadiyon key liye sarahana karane key liye sabse aasaan hotey hain, kyonki gend kii dheemi gati aur shandar chop stroke hotaa haye.