
nitrogen trifluoride

nitrogen trifluoride () ack acarbonic, rangheen, gair-jwalansheel, thodi kathor gandh vaali vishaakt gais haye. yeh flat-panel display, photovoltic, ell. ee. dee. aur anya microelectronics key nirmaan key bheetar badhate upayog koo paataa haye. nitrogen trifluoride bhee ack atyant majboot aur lambe samay taka rahane vaali greenhouse gais haye. 2019 key dauran iska vayumandaliya bojh 2 bhaag prati kharab seey adhik hoe gayaa aur 20veen shatabdi key anta seey harr paanch saal mein doguna hoe gayaa haye.
sanshleshan aur pratikriyashilta.
nitrogen trifluoride manushyon dwara isake sanshleshan seey pahale prithvi parr mahatvapurna matra mein maujood naheen thaa. yeh dwiaadhaari fluoride kaa ack durlabh udaaharan haye jise kewal bahut hii asamanya sthitiyon jaise kii vidyut nirvahan parr seedhe tatvon seey taiyar kiya jaa sakata haye. 1903 mein pahali baar sanshleshan kaa prayaas karane key baad, otto ruff ney amonium fluoride aur hydrogen fluoride key pighale hue mishran key vidyut apghatan dwara nitrogen trifluoride taiyar kiya. yeh anya nitrogen trihlides nitrogen trichloride, nitrogen tribromide aur nitrogen triodide kii tulanaa mein bahut cumm pratikriyaasheel saabit huaa, joe sabhi visfotak hain. nitrogen trihalides key beach akele isamen gathan kii nakaratmak anthelpy hoti haye. yeh aadhunik samay mein amonia aur florin kii pratyaksh pratikriya aur ruff kii vidhi key parivartan donon dwara taiyar kiya jaataa haye. isaki aapoorti dabaav vaale cylinders mein kii jaati haye.
 rasayanik pratikriya key binaa paani mein thodaa ghulansheel haye. yeh 0.2340 d key cumm dvidhruviya kshan key saath gair-mool haye. isake vipareet, amonia mool aur atyadhik dhruviya (1.47 dee) haye. yeh antar electron-kheenchane vaale samoohon key roop mein kaary karane vaale florin parmaanuon seey utpann hotaa haye, joe nitrogen paramanu parr anivarya roop seey sabhi ekal jodee electrons koo aakarshit karate hain. aine. aff. 3 ack shaktishali lekin sust oxidizer haye.
yeh hydrogen chloride koo chlorine mein aukseekrit kartaa haih
yeh ispat aur monel key saath-saath kaee plastic key saath sangat haye.
yeh dhatuon key sampark mein aaney parr tetrafluorohydrazine mein parivartit hoe jaataa haye, lekin kewal uchch tapman parah
aine. aff. 3. florin aur antimony pentafluoride key saath pratikriya karke tetrafluoroamonium namak detaa haih
aine. aff. 3 aur bee. 2. aich. 6 kaa mishran cryogenic tapman parr bhee visfotak hotey hain, joe nitrogen gais, boron trifluoride aur hydrophloric acid kaa utpaadan karane key liye pratikriya karate hain.
anuprayog.
etching.
nitrogen trifluoride kaa upayog mukhya roop seey ardhchaalak upkaranon jaise lcd display, kuchh patali-film saur koshikaon aur anya microelectronics key nirmaan key dauran silicon aur silicon-yaugikon koo hataane key liye kiya jaataa haye. inn anuprayogon mein shuru mein ack plasma key bheetar toot jaataa haye. parinami florin radical sakriya agent hain joe polycylican, silicon nitride aur silicon oxide parr hamla karate hain. inca upayog tungsten silicide, tungsten aur kuchh anya dhatuon koo hataane key liye bhee kiya jaa sakata haye. upkaran nirmaan mein ack aakarshan key roop mein seva karane key alawa, pee. ee. see. vee. dee. kakshon koo saaf karane key liye bhee vyaapak roop seey upayog kiya jaataa haye.
 prati-florinyukt yaugikon (pee. aff. see.) aur sulfur hexafluoride () kii tulanaa mein cumm dabaav vaale nirvahan key bheetar adhik aasaani seey vighatit hotaa haye. iss prakaar utpann nakaratmak-charge mukt kanon kii adhik prachurta seey uchch silicon hataane kii darr mill sakati haye, aur anya prakriya laabh pradaan curr sakati haye jaise kii cumm avashisht sandushan aur upkaran parr cumm shuddh charge tanaav. kuchh adhik achchi tarah seey khapat kiye jaane vaale eaching aur safai agent key roop mein, aine. aff. 3 koo hexafluoroethane jaise pee. aff. see. key liye paryaavaran kii drishti seey behtar vikalp key roop mein bhee badhaava diyaa gayaa haye.
plasma prakriyaon mein lagu rasayanon kii upayog dakshata upkaran aur anuprayogon key beach vyaapak roop seey bhinn hoti haye. abhikarakon kaa ack badaa hissa nikas dhaara mein barbad hoe jaataa haye aur antatah prithvi key vayumandal mein utsarjit kiya jaa sakata haye. aadhunik hraas pranali vayumandaliya utsarjan koo kaafee cumm curr sakati haye. mahatvapurna upayog pratibandhon key adheen naheen kiya gayaa haye. kaee audyogik deshon mein dekhe gaye vayumandaliya vikas aur antarrashtriya kyoto protocol kii pratikriya key roop mein badey nirmaataon dwara utpaadan, khapat aur apashisht utsarjan kii vaarshik report kii aavashyakta haye.
atyadhik vishaakt florin gais (aff2, dietomic florin) kuchh vinirmaan anuprayogon mein nitrogen trifluoride key liye ack jalavaayu tatasth pratisthaapan haye. vishesh roop seey vinirmaan karmiyon kii suraksha key liye ise adhik sakht sanchaalan aur suraksha saavdhaaniyon kii aavashyakta haye.
nitrogen trifluoride kaa upayog hydrogen fluoride aur deuterium fluoride lazer mein bhee kiya jaataa haye, joe rasayanik lazer key prakaar hain. vahaan isake adhik suvidhajanak sanchaalan gunon key kaaran ise florin gais key liye bhee pasand kiya jaataa haye.
greenhouse gais.
 yeh ack greenhouse gais haye, jisamen vaishvik tapman vriddhi kii kshamata (jee. doubleu. pee.) 100 saal kii avadhi kii tulanaa mein 17,200 gunaa adhik haye. iska jee. doubleu. pee. ise kewal kyoto-maanyata praapt greenhouse gasses key samooh mein dusare sthaan parr rakhta haye, aur 2013 seey prabhaav aur kyoto protocol kii doosari pratibaddhata avadhi key praarambh key saath usa samooh mein shamil kiya gayaa thaa. iska anumaanit vayumandaliya jivankal 740 varsh haye, halanki anya kaary 550 varshon (aur 16,800 key anuroop jee. doubleu. pee.) kaa thodaa chhota jivankal bataate hain.
haalaanki iska jee. doubleu. pee. adhik haye, lekin lambe samay seey prithvi key vayumandal mein iska vikiran bull chhota maanaa jaataa haye, yeh maanate hue kii kewal chhoti matra mein hii vayumandal mein chhoda jaataa haye. ise niyamit roop seey todane key audyogik anuprayog, jabaki ateet mein pahale upayog kiye jaane vaale viniyamit yaugik jaise kii pee. aff. see. aksar jaari kiye jaate they. shodh ney pichhali dhaaranaon parr sawal uthaaye hain. uchch-matra vaale anuprayog jaise kii computer smriti utpaadan, sapaat panel pradarshanon kaa nirmaan aur badey paimaane parr patali-film saur koshikaon kaa utpaadan.
1992 seey, jaba 100 tunn seey cumm utpaadan kiya gayaa thaa, 2007 mein utpaadan badhkar anumaanit 4000 tunn hoe gayaa haye aur isamen kaafee vriddhi honey kaa anuman haye. 2010 taka aine. aff. 3 kaa vishva utpaadan prati varsh 8000 tunn taka pahunchane kii ummeed haye. abb taka duniya kaa sabse badaa utpaadak americi audyogik gais aur rasayanik company vayu utpaad aur rasayan haye. anumaanit 2 pratishat utpaadan vatavaran mein chhoda jaataa haye. robson ney anuman lagaaya kii adhikatam vayumandaliya sandrata aayatan dwara 0.16 bhaag prati trillion (ppt) seey cumm haye, joe ir forcing key 0.001 wm-2 seey cumm pradaan karega.
aine. aff. 3 kii ausat vaishvik kshobhamandaliya sandrata 1980 mein lagbhag 0.02 ppt (bhaag prati kharab, shushk vayu moll ansh) seey badhkar 2011 mein 0.86 ppt hoe gaee haye, jisamen 0.095 ppt varsh-1, yaa lagbhag 11 pratishat prati varsh kii vriddhi kii darr haye, aur ack antar-parimaniya dhaal joe uttari golardh mein bhaari matra mein honey vaale utsarjan key anuroop haye, jaisa kii apekshit haye. 2011 mein yeh vriddhi darr vaishvik star parr lagbhag 1200 metrick tunn/y aine. aff. 3 utsarjan, yaa aine. aff. 3 vaishvik utpaadan anumaanon key lagbhag 10 pratishat key anuroop haye. yeh udyog dwara anumaanit pratishat kii tulanaa mein kaafee adhik haye, aur iss prakaar aine. aff. 3 utpaadan kii soochi banaane aur isake utsarjan koo viniyamit karane key liye mamle koo majboot kartaa haye.
udyog key pratinidhiyon dwara saha-likhit ack adhyayan seey pataa chalata haye kii patali-film see-solar cell nirmaan key samagr greenhouse gais bajat mein aine. aff. 3 utsarjan kaa yogdan spasht haye.
kyoto protocol key sandarbh mein, yuu. aff. see. see. see. ney dusare kyoto protocol anupaalan avadhi mein nitrogen trifluoride koo shamil karane kaa nirnay liya, joe 2012 mein shuru hotaa haye aur 2017 yaa 2020 mein samaapt hotaa haye.
suraksha.
twacha kaa sampark khatarnak naheen haye, aur yeh shleshma jhilli aur aankho key liye apekshaakrit mamuli jalan haye. yeh ack fuffusiya jalan haye jisamen nitrogen oxide kii tulanaa mein kaafee cumm vishaaktata hoti haye, aur saans lene key madhyam seey adhik sampark rakt mein haemoglobin key methamoglobin mein parivartan kaa kaaran banata haye, jisase sthiti methemoglobinamia hoe sakati haye. rashtriya vyaavsaayik suraksha aur swaasthya sansthaan (aine. aaee. aiss. aich.) nirdisht kartaa haye kii jeevan yaa swaasthya key liye turant khatarnak ekagrata (aaee. dee. ell. aich. moolya) 1,000 pee. pee. aim. haye.

