robbert baldoff

robert baldoff (* 22 aprail, 1881 mein waldenberg bla; ≤ 26 maee, 1918) ney 19veen aur 20veen shatabdi key anta mein thode samay key liye besal vishvavidyalaya (switzerland) mein shaastriya bhasha vigyaan kaa adhyayan kiya. antim degree key baare mein kuchh bhee gyaat naheen haye. unhone 1904 seey 1918 mein apani praarambhik mrityu taka frankfurt mein frankfurt zitung key patrakaar key roop mein kaam kiya. 1902 aur 1903 mein unhone "itihas aur aalochana" key samanya sheershak key tahat ack ichchit chaar khandon mein seey dou prakaashit kiye; shrinkhala mein pahala aur chautha khand. yeye donon khand kalakram aur likhit itihas key alochakon key liye dilchasp hain. baldauf bhasha vigyaan vishleshan dwara apane nishkarsh parr pahunchane mein kamyab rahey.
kaam karate hain.
baldauf ney sent key prasiddh swiss mathh key abhilekhagar kaa adhyayan kiya thaa. gallen, joe pahale kaitholikwad key pramukh kendron mein seey ack thaa, aur usane pogiyo braciolini aur usake ack dost dwara kiye gaye berber pustakalaya chhaape key nishan khoje, donon roman curia key uchch shikshit sevak they. unhone iss mathh key pustakalaya seey pracheen maani jaane vaali kaee pandulipiyon aur pustakon koo shamil kiya (haalaanki, paandulipiyaan haal key yug kii hoe sakati hain, joe unhein pogiyo aur unake sahayakon dwara kaee "pracheen" karyon key nirmaan key liye prototype key roop mein kaam karane seey naheen rokti hain).
baldauf ney kaee anumaanit pracheen pandulipiyon kaa adhyayan karane kaa daavaa kiya aur daavaa kiya kii way adhikansh bhaag key liye, haal hii mein jaali theen. baldoff ney puraane vasiyatnama kii aitihaasik pustakon aur madhyakaaleen romans shally key karyon key saath-saath hommer key "eliod" key beach samaantaon kii khoj kii joe unhein iss dhaarana kii or leey jaane key liye paryaapt majboot they kii "eliod" aur bibil donon kaa paath madhya yug key anta seey haye.
vibhinn lekhakon key kuchh madhyakaaleen itihas ack-dusare seey iss hudd taka milate-julate they kii baldoff koo unhein ack hii lekhak key karyon key roop mein pahchaanane key liye majboor kiya gayaa thaa, iss tathya key bavjood kii donon dastavejon koo cumm seey cumm dou shataabdiyon key antaral seey kalanukramik roop seey alag maanaa gayaa thaa. kissy bhee darr parr, kuchh abhivyaktiyaan joe donon dastavejon mein paaee jaati hain, way kathit taarikhon mein seey kissy ack key anuroop naheen hain (unamen seey ack nauvin aur doosari gyaarahavin shatabdi). isake alawa, kuchh pandulipiyon mein spasht roop seey adhik halia ansh hain, jaise kii saarvajanik bhaap snan mein prayason kii tuchchh kahaaniyan (jinase europeeya loga kewal anta mein punarkalpana yug key dauran parichit hue) aur yahaan taka kii pavitra poochtaachh key sanket bhee hain. baldoff key "pracheen" kavita key adhyayan seey pataa chalata haye kii kaee "pracheen" kaviyon ney madhyakaaleen pareshaniyon key samaan kavita likhi thee. baldoff koo vishvaas haye kii kshitij kii kavita madhyakaaleen mool kii haye, joe unake lattin mein nihit german aur italvi prabhaavon kii or ishara karati haye. isake alawa, baldoff ney horas aur ovid (joe sambhavatah ack dusare key astitva seey anjaan they) kii kavita key beach iss tarah kii spasht samaantaon kii or ishara kiya kii ack vyakti koo vishvaas hoe jaataa haye kii donon kii kritiyaan ack teesare paksh kii hain-jahir haye, ack bahut baad key lekhak-ack tathya joe adhikansh philologist iss tathya seey samajhaate hain kii roman saahitya greek model aur vishesh roop seey hommer key lekhan seey bahut prabhaavit thaa aur "ilias" aur "audicy" mein upayog kiye gaye uddeshyon ney aaj taka sabhi pashch saahitya koo chihnit kiya haye.
baldoff ney apane shodh kaa saransh nimnalikhit shabdon mein diyaa haih "hamaare roman aur yunani italvi manavtawadi rahey hain."way sabhi-hommer, sophocles, aristotal aur kaee anya" pracheen "lekhak, joe hamari dhaarana mein itane alag hain, ack hii shatabdi seey hain, joe italvi punarjagaran kii chaudahavin aur pandrahavin haye. baldoff ney kahaa kii pracheen yoonaniyon aur romanon kaa puuraa itihas-isi tarah bibil kaa "itihas", joe kuchh hudd taka uparokt key saath sambandhit haye-kii kalpana aur parichay italvi manavtavadiyon key saath-saath unake sahyogiyon aur anya deshon key anuyaayiyon dwara kiya gayaa thaa. way kahate hain kii manavtavad ney hamein pracheen kaal aur bible key saath-saath praarambhik madhya yug kii ack poori kalpana duniya dee haye, jise baldoff ney manavtawadi lekhakon kaa aavishkaar bhee maanaa haye. iss kaalpanik itihas kaa, joe shuru mein charmpatra parr taiyar kiya gayaa thaa, patthar mein tarasha gayaa thaa aur dhaatu mein tarasha gayaa thaa; yeh "hamari dhaarana mein iss hudd taka nihit haye kii koee bhee sakaratmak aalochana manavata koo isaki sachchai parr sandeh naheen curr sakati haye."
viraasat.
unake kuchh vichaaron koo anya itihaskaron dwara padhaa gayaa haye joe prachinta aur madhya yug key aitihaasik kalakram parr sandeh karate hain, jabaki sabhi "mukhyadhara" key itihaaskaar unhein moolyaheen maanate hain aur tark dete hain kii 3000 varshon key itihas, isake likhit vivaran, saahitya, kavita aadi kaa aavishkaar kiya gayaa haye. aur iss dhokhadhadi key sabhi nishaanon koo nasht karna ack aisaa kaam thaa jise lekhakon kii ack peedhi kabhi puuraa naheen curr sakati thee. iss dhokhadhadi key liye joe bhaari kharch kii aavashyakta hoti, vaha inn siddhanton koo baldoff dwara bataae gaye saahityik karyon mein sanyog (ocam key razer key vaigyaanik siddhant key anusaar) kii tulanaa mein bahut adhik asambhav banaata haye.
baldoff advin johnson key samkaaleenon ney samaan parinamon mein yogdan diyaa. phir bhee unhone kewal kuchh seemit ruchi paida kii aur jald hii unhein bhulaa diyaa gayaa yaa ack taraf dhakel diyaa gayaa. isaliye, iss goodh lekhak key jeevan aur paristhitiyon kii jaanch karane key liye kissy ney dhyaan naheen diyaa. besal vishvavidyalaya mein unake vyakhyata honey kii abhee taka pushti naheen kii jaa sakati haye, kyonki unakaa naam iss sansthaan key vrittaant aur dastavejon mein kaheen bhee naheen milata haye; vishvavidyalaya key printer ney kewal 1901 kii sardiyon seey 1902 kii garmiyon taka dou shabdon key liye unakaa naam soochibaddh kiya haye aur hamein bataaya haye kii unakaa janm 21 aprail 1881 koo waldenberg (switzerland) mein huaa thaa. aisaa lagata haye kii unhone kabhi apani ph. dee. praapt kii thee.dee.26 maee 1918 koo frankfurt (germany) mein unaki mrityu hoe gaee. 1900 key aspas key varshon key besal shahar mein panjikaran yaa pataa pustakon mein unakaa naam shamil naheen haye. yeh 1990 key dashak kii shuruat taka naheen thaa kii haal key german itihas vishleshan dwara unhein gumnami seey baahar curr diyaa gayaa thaa (yuve topper dwara kalakram aalochana parr pustaken dekhein).

