
johnn horn burns

johnn horn burns (7 octuber, 1916-11 agast, 1953) ack americi lekhak they, joe teen upanyason key lekhak they. pahala, "dha gallery" (1947), unaki sabse prasiddh kriti haye, jise prakaashit honey parr bahut achchi tarah seey praapt kiya gayaa thaa, aur kaee baar ise phir seey jaari kiya gayaa haye.
jeevani.
burns kaa janm 1916 mein endover, massachusets mein huaa thaa. vaha ack uchch-madhyam varg key ayrish catholic parivaar key saat bachchon mein sabse badey they. unhein sent mein notrey dame kii bahanon dwara shikshit kiya gayaa thaa. augustein kaa school aur phir phillips akadami, jahan unhone sangeet kaa anusaran kiya. unhone harvard mein bhaag liya, jahan way french, german aur italvi mein dharapravah hoe gaye aur 1936 mein ack chhaatr sangeetmay comedy key liye pustak likhi. 1937 mein unhone angreji mein "magna cumm loud" key saath faaee beeta kappa koo snaatak kiya aur windser, connecticut mein lumis school mein shikshak bunn gaye. burns ney harvard aur lumis mein rahate hue kaee upanyaas likhe, jinamen seey koee bhee unhone prakaashit naheen kiya.
unhein 1942 mein ack niji key roop mein americi senaa mein shamil kiya gayaa thaa. unhone washington, dee mein adjutant general key school mein bhaag liya.see. 1943 mein ack dusare leftinent koo niyukt kiya aur videshon mein bheja, unhone casablanca aur algiers mein sainya khufiya mein seva kii aur phir itali mein dedh saal taka yuddh-kaidi mell koo sensor kiya. 1946 mein chhutti milane key baad way lumis mein adhyaapan karane key liye laut aae.
lumis mein, unhone 23 aprail, 1946 koo "dha gallery" puuraa kiya, joe unakaa abb taka kaa sabse prasiddh kaam thaa. kaee prakashakon ney ise harper aind brothers dwara juuna 1947 mein prakaashit karane seey pahale aswikar curr diyaa aur yeh ack best-seller bunn gayaa. isane 1944 mein kaee alag-alag paatron key drishtikon seey sambaddh-adhikrit uttar africa aur naples mein jeevan koo chitrit kiya. bhavna key binaa, jalan ney ausat vyakti kii senaa key prati narajgi, jatil yuddh key prayason key bheetar apane vyaktitva koo vyakt karane key liye unake sangharsh, adhikaariyon aur soochibaddh purushon key beach tanaav, visthaapan key manovaigyaanik prabhaav, amerikiyon aur jinhen unhone haraaya, unake beach aarthik aur samajik asamaanta, samlaingik sainya karmiyon kaa anubhav, aur 1944 mein sahayogi kabje key tahat naples key lokpriya jeevan kaa pataa lagaaya. sheershak ney galleria umberto aaee koo sandarbhit kiya, joe naples mein ack kharidari arcade haye jisake madhyam seey sabhi mukhya paatr gujarate hain. yeh kaam sanrachana mein aparamparaagat thaa, jisamen nau paatron key chitra shamil they, jisamen ack gumnam americi sanic dwara bataae gaye aathh sansmaran shamil they, joe ack maarg kaa anusaran karate hue ack jalata huaa track thaa. halanki yeh pustak kaafee hudd taka dukhad aur dardanaak chitron kii ack shrinkhala haye, lekin burns kaa kathakar anta mein ack mamuli roop seey sakaratmak mulyankan kaa prabandhan kartaa haih "mujhe lagata haye kii duniya key boochadkhaane seey kuchh achchha bachaaya jaa sakata haye. halanki mukhya roop seey sabhi rashtriya shalinta aur kartavya kii bhavna mrit hoe sakati haye, maine bahut vyaktigat achchaae aur pyaar dekhaa jisane mujhe aashvast kiya."paul fussel key shabdon mein," burns ack prakaar key gadya kii tarah, asantulan parr nirbhar kartaa thaa.aiss. iss prakaar, ack samkaaleen samajik visheshta key roop mein asangati kaa sujhaav detaa haye."ernest hemingway aur admond willson sahit pramukh samachar patron aur lekhakon ney isaki prashansa kii. shaniwar kii sameeksha" ney upanyaas koo "varsh kii sarvshreshth yuddh pustak" kahaa. johnn doss pasos ney likhaah
dwiteeya vishva yuddh key saahitya key 1949 key ack sarvekshan mein "sainya mamalon" mein upanyaas key "peechhe key star key seva karmiyon key manovaigyaanik adhyayan" aur unake bhaashan koo pakadane key liye, kewal paidal senaa key yuddh koo chitrit karane key unake prayaas koo dosh dete hue, jalane kaa shreya diyaa gayaa. charles poore ney "newyork times" mein socha kii gend parr bahut achchha sauda haye aur vaha aur bhee behtar pradarshan karega jaba vaha ise adhik niyantran mein leey legaa."unhone ise" "mansik aur naitik roop seey khoye hue logon kaa ack bhadda jeevant chitra" "kahaa aur kahaa kii" "isake kuchh adhik rochak ansh bataate hain kii aap abb upanyaas mein vyaavhaarik roop seey kuchh bhee kaha sakate hain."time" patrika ney ullekh kiya kii upanyaas mein "ack samlaingikon key hangout mein bitaai gaee ack shaam" koo darshaaya gayaa haye, ack puuraa adhyaay anya sameekshakon ney ullekh naheen kiya haye.
gor widel ney baad mein "gallery" kii safalata key baad jalane key saath ack baatchit kii soochana deeh
ack dashak baad, videsh mein americi koo ack saahityik prakaar key roop mein sarvekshan karate hue, fredrick morton ney nott kiya kii kaise dwiteeya vishva yuddh key baad vijeta kii bhoomika itani asahaj saabit hui kii "johnn horn burns key sambhaavit apavaad key saath" gallery, vaastav mein kissy bhee pratishthit upanyaas ney ise darj naheen kiya haye."1991 taka yeh, herbert mitgang key shabdon mein," "ack upanyaas kaa ratna bhool gayaa thaa. 2011 mein villium zinsar ney ise "proto-viyatnam upanyaas" key roop mein varnit kiya, ack peedhi dwara yeh anuman lagaate hue kii 'badsurat americi' kissy anya videshi bhoomi mein laayega "yeh poochhakar kii" kaun adhik apamaanit thaah italvi apane parivaaron koo khilaane key liye bhaag rahey they, yaa gees apane saste mein khareede gaye px saman koo bhaari laabh parr betch rahey they?"
abb saahitya parr apane swayam key vichaaron kii maang kii, burns ney kabhi-kabhaar ack saraahaniya sameeksha likhi, lekin james michener, thomas wolf aur somerset momm sahit donon sathiyon aur adhik safal lekhakon kii aparimit aalochanaon key liye achchi tarah seey jaanaa jaane lagaa. unakaa doosara upanyaas, "lucifer vid aeye book", joe kii ack boarding school mein jeevan kaa ack vyangyaatmak pratinidhitva haye, 1949 mein kaafee hudd taka pratikool sameekshaon key liye dikhaai diyaa. widel ney kahaa kii yeh "shayed apane dinn kii sabse barbarta seey hamla kii gaee pustak thee."michener ney dashakon baad likhaah" merrie smriti mein kabhi bhee way kissy lekhak key kaam key poorna vinash key itane karib naheen aae they."apane dusare upanyaas key aalochanatmak swaagat seey nirash, 1950 mein itali laut aae, iss baar florence kaa chayan kiya. vahaan unhone apana antim prakaashit kaary, "aeye cry off childran" (1952) likhaa, jise "bohemian frinz-worled mein yuva prem" key "ack nirdayi upanyaas" key roop mein vipanan kiya gayaa thaa. iska pramukh charitra ack sangeetkaar aur piyanovadak thaa joe sambhavatah apane harvard sahpathi key achche pradarshan key anuroop thaa. usa upanyaas koo nakaratmak press bhee milaa, halanki vaha abhee bhee ack yuva lekhak baney rahey. ack aalochak ney "newyork times" mein likhaah 
unhone ack chauthe upanyaas parr kaam karna shuru kiya, joe unaki mrityu parr adhura reh gayaa. unhone "avkash" key liye shahar key baare mein ack lamba lekh likhakar apana samarthan kiya, ack shrinkhala mein seey ack vaha usa prakaashan key liye likh rahey they jahan way rahate they, aur usa prayaas seey joe unake sampadakon koo aashvast kartaa thaa kii way abhee bhee unase ack aur safal upanyaas kii ummeed curr sakate hain.
florence mein apane samay mein, vaha atyadhik sharaab peene aur alochakon, pratidvandiyon aur doston aur dushmanon donon kii shikayat karane key liye jaane jaate they. widel ney usey vahaan kabhi naheen dekhaah "una varshon mein kissy ney jalane key baare mein naa sochane kii koshish kii; yeh bahut kadwa thaa. humm sabhi mein seey sabse achche ney sabse buraa raasta apanaaya thaa."ack naukaayan yatra key baad, vaha komaa mein chalaa gayaa aur 11 agast, 1953 koo mastishk raktasraav seey usaki mrityu hoe gaee. usey brookline, massachusets mein pavitra kabristan mein parivarik bhukhand mein dafnaya gayaa thaa.
hemingway ney baad mein ack lekhak key roop mein burns key sankshipt jeevan kaa chitran kiyaah "ack saathi thaa jisane ack achchi kitab likhi aur phir ack prep school key baare mein ack badbudar kitab likhi aur phir khud koo udaa diyaa."
1959-1960 mein, "dha gallery" parr adharit italvi nava-yathaarthvaadi mode mein ack film key liye ack yojana koo taba sthagit curr diyaa gayaa jaba pratibhagiyon ney napolitan aur americi donon key nakaratmak chitran key baare mein tark diyaa.
chhaatr kritiyon aur aprakaashit pandulipiyon sahit kuchh jalane key kagjat, howard gottlieb abhilekhiya anusandhaan kendra, boston vishvavidyalaya mein aayojit kiye jaate hain.
dha gallery" key ack adhyaay, "queen penicillin" koo laghu kathaaon key sangrah mein shamil kiya gayaa haye, jaise kii "dwiteeya vishva yuddh kii sarvshreshth laghu kathaaen", ack americi sankalan (1957) aur "american maine aitt arms" (1964). ack anya adhyaay, amerikiyon key napolitan key saath vyavhaar key baare mein kathavachak kaa pahala mulyankan, "yuddh kathaa kii purani pustak" (1999) mein shamil kiya gayaa thaa.