
victor alessandro mundela

victor alessandro mundela (3 disambar 1866-4 march 1939) ack angreji bhautik vigyaani, lekhak aur shikshak they. way takniki shiksha key kshetra mein pramukh they aur unhein apane samay key pramukh shikshaavidon mein seey ack kahaa jaataa thaa. way 24 varshon taka ingland key sunderland mein takniki mahavidyalaya key pracharya rahey.
praarambhik jeevan aur shiksha.
peshevar roop seey vaa mundella key roop mein jaane jaane vaale victor alessandro mundella kaa janm ingland key nottingham mein huaa thaa, joe aathh bachchon key parivaar mein saatven they. unake pitaa, johnn mundela, haaine aind mundela key parivaar kii firm mein ack hojri nirmaata they. jaba vaa mundela chhah varsh key they taba unaki mrityu hoe gaee. unake chaacha anthany johnn mundela ack udaarvaadi rajneta aur villium awart gladstone key mantrimandal key sadasya they. unake daadaa, antonio mondeli, lombardy mein como key paas monte olympino seey anishchit prishthabhoomi key apravasi they. mundela unake parivaar mein ekmatra santan they jinhen italvi naam diyaa gayaa thaa. unaki maan, emma raait, villium raait kii betty theen, joe ack nuttingham feeta, dhaga aur resham commission agent theen. mundella kii parvarish ektaavaadi thee aur unakaa parivaar raajneetik roop seey udaar thaa aur unake jeevit bhaai-bahanon key beach shiksha aur isake sudhaar kii or ack majboot jhukaav thaa.
mundella kii praarambhik shiksha nottingham mein ekaatmak uchch footpath chappel seey judey gair-sampradayik school mein thee. vahaan seey unhone nottingham hyee school aur phir university college nottingham mein pragati kii. unhone 1885 mein junier pemberton chhatravritti aur 1886 mein ack mather chhatravritti key samarthan seey nucasal apon tyne mein bhautik vigyaan key college mein bhaag liya. 1887 mein unhein bhautiki mein sammaan key saath bsc seey sammaanit kiya gayaa aur 1887 mein durham vishvavidyalaya key ack pemberton fellow key roop mein niyukt kiya gayaa, jisaki keemat prati varsh £100 seey adhik thee, jisane unhein 1888 seey 1891 taka sent johns college, cambridge mein rahate hue samarthan diyaa. unhein 1891 mein cambridge seey ack sammaan bee. aeye. aur 1899 mein unaki ma seey sammaanit kiya gayaa.
bhautik vigyaan kaa mahavidyalaya, nucasal apon tyne.
cambridge key baad mundela ney nucasal apon tyne mein bhautik vigyaan mahavidyalaya mein bhautiki mein vyakhyata key roop mein paanch saal taka seva kii, jiss dauran unhone "garmi parr vyakhyan key pathyakram kaa pathyakram" prakaashit kiya.
uttari polytechnic sansthaan.
1896 mein unhein dow. jey. tii. dunn key pracharya key tahat landan key holoye mein tatkalin nae khole gaye uttari polytechnic sansthaan mein bhautiki key professor aur bhautiki aur vidyut engineering vibhaag key pramukh kaa pada lene key liye aamantrit kiya gayaa thaa. isane 5 octuber 1896 koo yuvaaon key audyogik kaushal, samanya gyaan, swaasthya aur kalyan koo badhaava dene key mission key saath chhatron key liye apane darwaaje khol diye...(aur)... cumm laagat parr ack achchi samanya, vaigyaanik, takniki aur vaanijyik shiksha praapt karane kaa saadhan. isake pahale varsh mein, ack hazaar chhatron ney namankan karaaya aur 1900 taka chhatron kii sankhya doguni hoe gaee thee.
1899 mein, uttari polytechnic sansthaan mein, mundella aur jey. tii. dunn ney milkar ack safal vigyaan paathyapustak, "samanya praathamik vigyaan" prakaashit kii. yeh landan matrick key liye bhautiki aur rasayan vigyaan kii aavashyak paathyapustak bunn gaee aur ise praathamik vigyaan padhaane key liye nausena dwara bhee apanaaya gayaa. yeh pustak kaee sanskaranon mein prakaashit hui aur duss saal baad bhee mudrit thee.
sunderland takniki mahavidyalaya.
1908 mein mundella ney sunderland mein takniki mahavidyalaya key pracharya kaa pada sambhaalane key liye landan chhod diyaa. sthaaniya udyog seey kaafee samarthan praapt karate hue, college kii sthaapana 1901 mein kii gaee thee. mundella isake dusare pracharya they. engineering, jahaaj nirmaan, khanan aur nirmaan udyogon key liye unnat nirdesh pradaan karane key liye college kii sthaapana kii gaee thee. jaba mundella ney padbhar sambhala tou kewal chaar vibhaag theh rasayan vigyaan, yaantrik aur sivil engineering, bhautiki aur vidyut engineering (vanijya, bhaashaon aur nauparivahan mein anshakaalik vyakhyan key saath). ack gatishil nae udyam key roop mein, 1903 mein sunderland britten mein sandwich pathyakram shuru karane vaalaa pahala college bunn gayaa thaa, jisane engineering aur nausena vastukala mein sthaaniya prashikshuon koo college mein chhah maheene poorna upasthiti mein bitaane mein saksham banaaya, aur teen seey chaar varshon kii avadhi mein apane rojgar key sthaanon mein chhah maheene bitaaye.
mundella kaarigaron key liye ack udaar aur vyaapak shiksha key aadarsh parr jore dete hue apane poorvavarti dwara sthaapit neenv parr nirmaan karane mein turant saksham aur utsuk they. way apane pahale varsh mein yeh report karane mein saksham they kii 25 sthaaniya firm sandwich pathyakram yojana kaa laabh uthaa rahee theen aur way vishvavidyalaya key saath sambaddhata kii prastaavana key roop mein, vishvavidyalaya key durham adhiniyam 1908 kii aavashyaktaon koo puuraa karane key liye engineering vibhaag key vistaar kii nigrani curr rahey they. 1910 taka shaikshik pragati kii avadharana pahale seey hii thee, jaba mundella ney sunishchit kiya kii dou praarambhik varshon key baad visheshagya adhyayan kii anumati dene key liye shaam kii kakshaon kaa punargathan kiya gayaa thaa.
1911 taka mundella ney ganit aur yantriki, sivil aur mechanical engineering, electrical engineering, shuddh aur anuprayukt bhautiki, rasayan vigyaan (engineering rasayan vigyaan sahit), vanaspati vigyaan, bhawan vyaapaar aur nausena vastukala mein college vibhagon key sanchaalan koo samekit curr diyaa thaa. shaam kii kakshaon mein unnat aadhunik bhaashaaen aur vanijya padhaaya jaataa thaa.
mundella key aaney key teen saal key bheetar, college key rajyapalon ney bataaya kii "engineering prashikshuon key chune hue samooh dwara pahunchaai gaee shiksha kaa maanak iss desh key adhikansh colleges kii tulanaa mein samaan haye, aur kuchh mamalon mein behtar haye.
1916 mein mundella ney "yuvaaon kii prashikshuta seey pahale aur unake dauran shiksha" kaa ack adhyayan prakaashit kiya.
pratham vishva yuddh key baad mundella key tatvavdhan mein vistaar kii ack badee vriddhi mein maujooda imaraton kaa vistaar kiya gayaa aur naee imaraton kaa nirmaan kiya gayaa aur adhyayan kiye gaye vishayon kii soochi koo anya vishayon key beach, nauparivahan aur lattin koo shamil karane key liye badhaaya gayaa. sabse safaltapurvak, 1921 mein unhone ack dawa vibhaag kii sthaapana kii, jisake parinamswarup college koo bhaugolik roop seey leads aur edinberg key lambe samay seey sthaapit vishvavidyalayon key beach pharmacy degree pathyakramon key liye suvidhaon key saath ekmatra sansthaan key roop mein maanyata dee gaee. rasayan vigyaan vibhaag mein ekal peeth key roop mein shuru huaa vibhaag jald hii desh mein sabse susajjit, sabse badaa aur sabse safal bunn gayaa. 1930 mein pharmacy shikshan kii gunavatta durham vishvavidyalaya aur landan vishvavidyalaya pharmacy bee. aiss. see. seey sambaddhata seey parilakshit hui. 1930 mein bhee, engineering key chhaatr sivil, samudri, yaantrik aur vidyut engineering mein durham degree key vishvavidyalaya kii taiyari karane mein saksham they.
mundella koo 24 varshon taka sunderland takniki mahavidyalaya key pracharya key roop mein baney rehna thaa, joe chhatron kii sankhya aur chhaatr ghanton kii sankhya mein bhaari vriddhi key liye jimmedaar thaa. unhone mahavidyalaya aur aam taur parr kshetra donon mein takniki shiksha key maanak mein ullekhaniya sudhaar kii dekhrekh kii thee. way maee 1932 mein sevaanivritt hue.
anya pada.
1917 mein, pratham vishva yuddh key dauran, mundella koo punarnirmaan mantralaya dwara kaee samitiyon mein niyukt kiya gayaa thaa, joe yuddh key baad key sudhaaron parr vichaar-vimarsh aur salah dey rahee theen, vishesh roop seey takniki shiksha key kshetra mein bhagidari key saath.
1920 mein way uttari county takniki pariksha parishad key sansthapakon mein seey ack aur sadasya they, joe yantriki sansthanon key uttari sangh seey padbhar sambhaalate hue, "gyaan aur sabhyata key tatvon key nirantar pragati key saath ack kendra banane kii mahatvakanksha rakhta thaa, jisase uttari county kii lambai aur chaudaai mein bauddhik, vaigyaanik aur naitik aashirvaad pradaan kiye jaayenge. takniki mahavidyalayon, vidyaalayon aur anya kendron key liye pariksha pradaan karane key liye isaki sthaapana kii gaee thee.
mundella chhah saal taka durham vishvavidyalaya kii senate mein bhee they.
1920 mein way poore sunderland key liye takniki shiksha key aayojak bunn gaye, jisamen unhone sunderland key junier takniki vidyalaya kii yojana banaane aur sthaapana mein agrani bhoomika nibhai, phir takniki shiksha mein ack nayaa udyam. mundella sunderland key shaam key sansthanon key prabhaari bhee they.
way landan key bhautik samaaj key ack sadasya, vidyut engineeron key sansthaan key sadasya aur takniki sansthanon key pracharyon key sangh aur takniki sansthanon mein shikshakon key sansthaan donon key ack pramukh sadasya they.
vyaktigat jeevan.
mundela ney 1909 mein apane uttari polytechnic sansthaan key sahayogi jey. tii. dunn kii betty laura dunn seey shaadi kii. unake dou bachche they.
vaha ack udaarvaadi gair-anuroopavaadi they, apane yuva varshon mein ack shantivadi they (aur 1908 mein landan mein aayojit 17 veen saarvbhaumik shaanti congress mein laura dunn key saath ack swatantra anuyaayi key roop mein upasthit they) aur baad mein, apani patni key saath, leag off nations union key ack sakriya sadasya they.
way ack prasiddh piyanovadak they, aur kahaa jaataa thaa kii way apani badee bahan emma mundela kii tulanaa mein vaadyayantra key ack behtareen vaadak they, joe ack peshevar sangeetkaar aur sangeetkaar theen, lekin unhone kewal samajik roop seey aur apane anand key liye bajaaya.
mundela kii mrityu 4 march 1939 koo coronary thrombosis seey hui, joe kuchh samay taka puraane myocarditis seey beemar rahane key baad hui. ack shraddhanjali mein, sunderland key shiksha nideshak ney ghoshana kii kii mundella koo "unake samay key pramukh shikshaavidon mein sthaan diyaa gayaa thaa. takniki shiksha koo unhone joe achchha netritva diyaa, usake poore desh mein kaee parinam hue.

