
safed bagh (ediga upanyaas)

dha white tiger bhaaratiya lekhak arvind adiga kaa ack upanyaas haye. yeh 2008 mein prakaashit huaa thaa aur usee varsh 40vaan booker puraskar jeetaa thaa. upanyaas ack vaishveekrit duniya mein bhaarat key varg sangharsh kaa ack gahara hasyapurna pariprekshya pradaan kartaa haye jaisa kii ack gaanv key ladke balram halwai key purvavyaapi kathan key madhyam seey bataaya gayaa haye. upanyaas bhaarat mein hindu dharm, jaati, nishtha, bhrashtachar aur garibi key muddon kii jaanch kartaa haye.
upanyaas koo achchi pratikriya millie haye, jisase booker puraskar jeetane key alawa "newyork times" bestseller soochi mein shamil hoe gayaa haye. usa samay 33 varsheeya arvind adiga puraskar jeetane vaale dusare sabse cumm umr key lekhak honey key saath-saath chauthe debue lekhak bhee they. adiga kaa kahana haye kii unakaa upanyaas "prayaas [s]]
bhaarat kii yatra karate samay jinn purushon seey aap milate hain, unaki aavaaj pakadane key liye-vishal nimn varg kii aavaaj."adiga key anusaar," "safed bagh" "kii aavashyakta" "graameen bhaarat key garib kshetron" "seey logon kii anakahi aavaaj koo pakadana thaa, aur vaha" "bhaavanaon key binaa yaa unhein chitrit kiye binaa aisaa karna chaahte they.
anandaheen hasyaheen kamjor loga jaise way aamtaur parr hotey hain."
kathaanak kaa saransh.
balram halwai ney lagaatar saat raaton mein likhe gaye ack patra mein apane jeevan kaa varnan kiya aur cheeni pradhaanmantri wein jiabao koo sambodhit kiya. apane patra mein, balram bataate hain kii kaise vaha, ack riksha chaalak kaa betaa, ack safal vyavasaayi banane key liye daasata key jeevan seey butch gayaa, aur khud koo ack udyami key roop mein varnit kiya.
balram kaa janm gayaa jile key ack graameen gaanv mein huaa thaa, jahan vaha apani daadi, maataa-pitaa, bhaai aur vistaarit parivaar key saath rahate they. vaha ack chatur bachcha haye lekin apane chachere bhaai key dahej key liye bhugtan karane mein madad karane key liye school chhodane key liye majboor hoe jaataa haye aur dhanbad mein apane bhaai key saath ack chaay kii dukaan mein kaam karna shuru curr detaa haye. vahaan kaam karate hue vaha grahakon kii baatchit seey bhaarat kii sarkaar aur arthavyavastha key baare mein jaanane lagata haye. balram khud koo ack burey sevak key roop mein varnit kartaa haye lekin ack achchha shrota haye aur ack chaalak banane kaa faisala kartaa haye.
gaadi chalaana seekhane key baad, balram koo lakshmangarh key ack jamindar key bete ashok koo gaadi chalaana aataa haye. vaha mukhya chaalak kii naukari sambhalata haye, ack chhoti kaar seey laker ack bhaari-lakjari shahar taka. vaha apane parivaar koo paise vaapas bhejana bund curr detaa haye aur apane gaanv kii yatra key dauran apani daadi kaa upman kartaa haye. balram ashok aur usaki patni pinky maidam key saath naee dilli chalaa jaataa haye. dilli mein apane poore samay key dauran, balram vyaapak bhrashtachar key sampark mein haye, vishesh roop seey sarkaar mein. dilli mein, garib aur ameer key beach kaa antar ack dusare key saath unaki nikatata seey aur bhee spasht hoe jaataa haye.
ack raat gulabi maidam balram seey pahiya letee haye, jabaki nashe mein, sadak parr kuchh maarati haye aur door chully jaati haye; hamein yeh maan lena haye kii usane ack bachche koo maar diyaa haye. ashok kaa parivaar balram parr yeh sweekaar karane key liye dabaav daaltaa haye kii vaha akele gaadi chalaa rhaa thaa. ashok parivaar key koyla vyavasaay key laabh key liye sarkari adhikaariyon koo rishwat dene mein teji seey shamil hoe jaataa haye. balram taba faisala kartaa haye kii ashok koo maarnaa bhaarat key "murge key koop" seey bachane kaa ekmatra tarika hoga-bhaarat key garibon key utpeedan kaa varnan karane key liye balram kaa roopak, jaise bajar mein ack koop mein murge khud koo ack-ack karke maarte hain, lekin pinjare seey baahar nikalane mein asamarth yaa anichhuk hotey hain. isi tarah, balram koo bhee roopak murge key samooh mein fansane key roop mein chitrit kiya gayaa haih uska parivaar niyantrit kartaa haye kii vaha kyaa kartaa haye aur samaaj yeh nirdhaarit kartaa haye kii vaha kaise kaary kartaa haye.
ashok koo ack tooty hui bottle seey chaku markar maarne aur usake saath leey jaa rahey badey rishwat kii chori karane key baad, balram bangalore chalaa jaataa haye, jahan vaha apana taxi vyavasaay shuru karane mein madad karane key liye pulis koo rishwat detaa haye.
ashok kii tarah, balram ack parivaar koo paise detaa haye jiska ack betaa usake taxi drivers mein seey ack koo maar detaa haye aur maar detaa haye. balram bataate hain kii unaki hatyaa key pratishodh key roop mein unake apane parivaar koo lagbhag nishchit roop seey ashok key rishtedaron dwara maar diyaa gayaa thaa. upanyaas key anta mein, balram apane karyon koo tarksangat banaata haye aur maanata haye kii usaki swatantrata usake parivaar aur ashok key jeevan key laayak haye. aur iss prakaar giabao koo likhe patra koo samaapt karate hue, paathak koo kahani key kaale haasya key baare mein sochane key saath-saath lekhak dwara jeevan key vichaar koo ack jaal key roop mein pesh karane kii anumati detaa haye.
vishay-vastuein.
vaishvikaran.
"safed bagh" ack aise samay mein hotaa haye jisamen praudyogiki mein vriddhi ney vishva vaishvikaran kaa netritva kiya haye, aur bhaarat koee apavaad naheen haye. 21veen sadee mein bhaarat kii arthavyavastha sabse teji seey badhati arthvyavasthaon mein seey ack rahee haye. vishesh roop seey bhaarat mein amerikikaran ney kathaanak mein apani bhoomika nibhai haye, kyonki yeh balram koo usaki jaati koo badalane key liye ack maarg pradaan kartaa haye. americi sanskriti key liye pinky kii ichcha koo puuraa karane key liye, ashok, pinky aur balram america vaapas jaane key bajaay gudgaon chaley jaate hain. vaishvikaran ney bhaarat mein americi vatavaran key nirmaan mein sahaayata kii haye. ashok iss kadam koo sahee thaharaate hue bataate hain kii "aaj yeh dilli-rashtriya rajdhani kshetra kaa" aadhuniktam "upnagar haye. american express, microsoft, sabhi badee americi companiyon key karyalaya vahaan hain. mukhya sadak shopping maull seey bharee hui haye-pratyek maull key ander ack cinema haye! isaliye aggar gulabi maidam america seey chook gaee, tou usey laane key liye yeh sabse achchi jagah thee. raam parsad koo blackmail karke, dusare chaalak, balram koo padonnat kiya jaataa haye aur ashok aur gulabi koo unake nae ghar mein leey jaataa haye.
ashok koo yeh bhee vishvaas haye kii bhaarat america koo peechhe chhod rhaa haye, "abb newyork kii tulanaa mein main yahaan aur bhee bahut kuchh curr sakata huun...jiss tarah seey abb bhaarat mein cheejen badal rahee hain, yeh jagah duss varshon mein america kii tarah honey jaa rahee haye. balram teji seey vikas koo bhee dekh rhaa haye. apani kahani kii shuruat seey hii vaha jaanata haye kii apani jaati seey oopar uthane key liye usey ack udyami banana chaahiye. haalaanki unaki taxi seva ack antarrashtriya vyavasaay naheen haye, balram vaishvikaran kii gati koo banaae rakhane aur aavashyakta padane parr apane vyaapaar koo badalane kii yojana banaa rhaa haye. "main hamesha ack aisaa vyakti huun joe 'cull' dekhta haye jaba anya loga 'aaj' dekhate hain.'vaishvikaran key parinamswarup badhati pratispardha kii balram kii maanyata unake bhrashtachar mein yogdan detee haye.
vyaktivaad.
poori pustak mein, yeh dikhaane key liye sandarbh hain kii balram apane gharelu vatavaran seey kaise bahut alag haye. unhein "safed bagh" key roop mein sandarbhit kiya jaataa haye (joe pustak kaa sheershak bhee hotaa haye). ack safed bagh purvi asiai sanskritiyon mein shakti kaa prateek haye, jaise kii viyatnam mein. yeh swatantrata aur vyaktitva kaa bhee prateek haye. balram koo unake saath badey hue logon seey alag dekhaa jaataa haye. vaha vahee haye joe "andhere" seey baahar nikla aur "prakaash" mein apana raasta paaya.
swatantrata.
arvind adiga key saath ack sakshatkar mein, unhone iss baare mein baat kii kii kaise "safed bagh" ack aadami kii swatantrata kii khoj key baare mein ack pustak thee. upanyaas key naayak balram ney apani nimn samajik jaati (jise aksar "andhera" kahaa jaataa haye) seey baahar nikalane kaa kaam kiya aur una samajik baadhaon koo paar kiya joe ateet mein unake parivaar koo seemit curr detee theen. samajik seedhi parr chadhate hue, balram apane ateet key bhaar aur seemaon koo chhod detaa haye aur una samajik baadhaon koo paar curr letaa haye joe usey jeevan jeene seey poori tarah seey rokti hain. pustak mein, balram iss baare mein baat kartaa haye kii vaha kaise ack murga koop mein thaa aur kaise vaha apane koop seey mukt hoe gayaa. yeh upanyaas kuchh hudd taka bhaarat key aadhunik samay key poonjiwadi samaaj mein apani swatantrata kii khoj kii unaki yatra kii smriti haye. upanyaas kii shuruat mein, balram ney muslim kavi ikbal kii ack kavita kaa hawala diyaa haye jisamen vaha daason key baare mein baat karate hain aur kahate hain "way gulam baney rahate hain kyonki way iss duniya mein kyaa sunder haye, yeh naheen dekh sakate."balram khud koo kavita kaa prateek maanate hain aur vaha vyakti hotey hain joe duniya koo dekhate hain aur ise samaaj key rankon key madhyam seey badhate hue lete hain, aur aisaa karate hue apani swatantrata paate hain.
samajik varg/vargavaad.
yeh pustak ack aadhunik, mukt bajar aur mukt vyavasaay key saath poonjiwadi bhaaratiya samaaj koo darshaati haye. yeh yeh bhee darshaata haye kii yeh kaise aarthik vibhajan paida curr sakata haye. bhaarat mein samajik varg aur samajik jaatiyan hain. upanyaas mein bhaarat key samaaj koo nimn samajik jaati key prati bahut nakaratmak key roop mein chitrit kiya gayaa haye. 
upanyaas key khandon mein bhaarat key sabse badey dhaarmik alpasankhyak musalmaanon key khilaf bhedbhaav koo ujagar kiya gayaa haye. naayak key niyokta yeh jaanane kii maang karate hain kii kyaa vaha musalman haye. baad mein upanyaas mein, ack charitra koo blackmail kiya jaataa haye aur baad mein usey barkhast curr diyaa jaataa haye jaba usey naayak dwara gupt roop seey islam kaa abhyaas karane key liye baahar curr diyaa jaataa haye.
yeh upanyaas dou duniyaon kii asamaantaon parr adharit haih andhera, jisamen garib aur vanchit loga rahate hain joe nyuntam koo bhee puuraa naheen curr sakate hain; aur prakashmay duniya, jisamen jamindar, rajneta, vyavasaayi aadi rahate hain. joe sharmanak roop seey andhera seey logon kaa shoshan karate hain, unhein garib banaate hain aur apani bhavyata badhaate hain. balram ise "andhera" key roop mein sandarbhit kartaa haye. jaba balram seey poochha gayaa kii vaha kiss jaati seey hain, tou vaha jaanate they kii yeh antatah unake niyokta mein pakshapaatpurna rukh paida curr sakata haye aur unake rojgar kaa bhavishya nirdhaarit curr sakata haye. balram kii nichali jaati aur unaki vartamaan uchch jaati mein unaki jeevan shally, aadton aur jeevan star mein nishchit roop seey ack badaa antar dekhaa jaa sakata haye.
yeh upanyaas bhaarat kii aarthik pranali mein samajik-aarthik bhedbhaav koo ujagar kartaa haye, joe bhaaratiya samaaj mein vibhajan paida kartaa haye. yeh avsar, samajik gatishilata, swaasthya aur anya adhikaaron aur sukhon koo seemit kartaa haye joe sabhi koo diye jaane chaahiye. aaj samaaj mein faile dhana kii raashi mein ack badaa antar haye aur yeh pustak usa tathya kii or ishara curr rahee haye.
swaagat.
2020 mein, "dha independent" kii emma lii-potter ney "dha white tiger" koo 12 sarvshreshth bhaaratiya upanyason mein seey ack key roop mein soochibaddh kiya.
film roopaantaran.
5 aprail 2018 koo, ramin behrani koo netflix key liye film roopaantaran kaa nirdeshan aur lekhan karane key liye antim roop diyaa gayaa thaa. 3 sitambar 2019 koo, rajkumar raav, priyanka chopada aur aadarsh gaurav koo film mein liya gayaa thaa. yeh film 23 janwari 2021 koo chuninda cinemagharon aur netflix parr release hui thee. ise 2021 mein sarvshreshth anukoolit patkatha key liye akadami puraskar key liye namankit kiya gayaa thaa.