
enners

anerpose ushnakatibandhiya mein pahala shaikshik shuddh-shoonya oorjaa bhawan haye aur isake jaiv jalavaayu design key kaaran ushnakatibandhiya mein 13 shuddh zeb mein seey ack haye. iska naam french "energy positive" (angreji mein "positive energy") seey aaya haye. anerpose bhaaratiya mahasagar mein ack francisi kshetra runion dweep parr sthit haye. aisee jalavaayu mein ack oorjaa-kushal bhawan kaa nirmaan vishesh roop seey chunautipurna haye, lekin oorjaa apekshaon koo kaafee hudd taka paar curr liya gayaa haye. anerpose naa kewal ack oorjaa-kushal bhawan haye, balki apane upayogkartaon key liye ack aramdayak vatavaran pradaan karate hue oorjaa kii khapat koo cumm karane key liye vibhinn nishkriya tarikon koo bhee pradarshit kartaa haye. kakshaaen snaatak diploma aur degree pathyakramon key saath-saath runion dweep key snaatak engineering school mein nirmaan aur oorjaa vibhaag key liye aayojit kii jaati hain.
sthaan.
anerpose laa runion key francisi dweep parr sent-piyare mein sthit ack vishvavidyalaya bhawan haye. yeh dweep, jisaki jalavaayu germ aur aardr haye, bhaarat mahasagar mein, maidagaskar key poorv mein sthit haye. yeh kshetra aksar ushnakatibandhiya chakravaaton seey bhee prabhaavit hotaa haye, jisase nirmaan mein kathinaaiyaan paida hoti hain.
runion dweep kaa sandarbh.
runion dweep key 800,000 seey adhik nivasi oorjaa kii seemit aapoorti parr nirbhar karate hain. isake alawa, runion dweep parr bijli utpaadan prithvi parr sabse adhik pradushankari haye, joe mukhya roop seey koyale aur eendhan jaise jeevaashm eendhan seey utpann hotaa haye. utpaadit bijli mahangi haye aur duniya mein sabse adhik pradushankari haye jisamen pratyek kilowatt ghante (mukhya bhoomi france kii tulanaa mein aathh gunaa adhik) key saath saha-utpaadan hotaa haye. durbhagya seey, mahatvapurna jansankhyikiya vriddhi key kaaran oorjaa kii lagaatar badhati maang, kabhi-kabhi upalabdh oorjaa kii matra seey adhik hoe jaati haye. isake parinamswarup, australiyai garmiyon key dauran kuchh samay parr kamee hoe sakati haye jaba vatanukoolan kaa vyaapak roop seey upayog kiya jaataa haye.
jaisa kii duniya key anya hisson mein hotaa haye, imaraton kii bijli kii khapat runion dweep parr upayog kii jaane vaali oorjaa kaa ack mahatvapurna pratishat darshaati haye. francisi ushnakatibandhiya kshetron mein aur vishesh roop seey runion dweep parr imaraton koo aksar ajib tarah seey design kiya gayaa haye, poorv creol sthaaniya vastukala key vipareet, mahanagariya bhawan avadhaaranaon kaa ayaat karate hue. vaastav mein, paryaavaran aur jalavaayu key liye kissy bhee vichaar key binaa dashakon seey jitna sambhav hoe utanaa sastaa nirmaan karna aam baat rahee haye, jisase vatanukoolan key binaa rehna asahaj hoe jaataa haye. isake alawa, vatanukoolan aur prakaash vyavastha aamtaur parr designers dwara badey paimaane parr kii jaati haye, jisase vyarth oorjaa kii khapat hoti haye.
achchi khabar yeh haye kii runion dweep parr nirmaan key kshetra mein oorjaa kii khapat koo cumm karane mein kaafee sudhaar kiya jaa sakata haye.
lakshya aur uplabdhiyaan.
runion dweep parr oorjaa aapoorti aur khapat key samanya sandarbh mein, iss bhawan seey shuddh-shoonya oorjaa honey aur cumm seey cumm utani hii oorjaa kaa niryaat karane kii ummeed thee jitani isaki khapat dweep key pradushankari bijli grid mein hoti haye. iss lakshya koo praapt karane key liye, pahala mudda haye kii bhawan kii oorjaa khapat aur upayogkartaon key liye ack aramdayak vatavaran pradaan karate hue, vatanukoolan kaa upayog kiye binaa nirmaan kaise kiya jaae, ack mahatvapurna upabhokta. computer aur server key liye kull satah kshetra key kewal ack tihai mein vatanukoolan kaa upayog kiya jaataa haye, shesh dou-tihai praakritik roop seey thandaa aur hawadar hotey hain. nishkriya vidhiyon kaa upayog kiya jaataa haye, jisamen logon koo ack sakriya imarat mein nishkriya honey key bajaay sakriya honey kii aavashyakta hoti haye "(francois garde, ph.dee., pee.ee. aur ashre sadasya). 2005 mein enerpo key design kii shuruat mein, mukhya uddeshya yeh pradarshit karna thaa kii ack maanak imarat kii tulanaa mein imarat kii samagr khapat koo teen gunaa cumm kiya jaa sakata haye. parinam yeh haye kii ack maanak bhawan kii vaarshik oorjaa khapat kaa kewal ack-satwan hissa ack varsh mein upayog kiya jaataa haye. isaki bharpai key liye, chhaton parr photovoltic panels koo lagu kiya jaataa haye, jisase 2010 mein kull khapat kii tulanaa mein utpaadan mein saksham hotaa haye, jisase yeh imarat ushnakatibandhiya jalavaayu mein 13 shuddh zeb mein seey ack bunn jaati haye. sant ghaat aamtaur parr poore varsh dhoop mein rahata haye aur garmiyon mein bhaari matra mein saur vikiran praapt kartaa haye. natijatan, imarat apane utpaadan kii tulanaa mein 7 gunaa cumm oorjaa kii khapat karati haye, bijli kaa atirikt utpaadan grid mein chhoda jaa rhaa haye.
anerpose nimnalikhit dou pradarshan label, hqe aur perin kii aavashyaktaon koo puuraa kartaa haye. peren runion dweep mein ack sthaaniya label haye joe una logon kaa margadarshan kartaa haye joe iska paalan karna chaahte hain kii sambandhit jalavaayu key saath samanjasya kaise banaaya jaae (chaar alag-alag vargeekaran mukhya roop seey oonchaai key aadhar parr paribhaashit kiye gaye hain), sant ghaat dweep key sabse germ kshetra mein haye.
siddhant aur visheshataaen.
praakritik cross ventilation.
maanav aaraam paanch maandandon parr nirbhar kartaa haye, jinamen seey dou ack key kapade aur chayapachaya seey sambandhit hain, aur teen anya joe havaa key tapman, havaa kii aardrata aur havaa key pravaah kii gati parr dhyaan kendrit karate hain. havaa kaa pravaah kissy parr jitna teji seey hotaa haye, utanaa hii vaha thandaa mahsoos kartaa haye. isake alawa, praakritik ventilation achchi tarah seey design kiye jaane parr imarat mein dhwani taaji havaa laataa haye. iss prakaar, praakritik ventilation ushnakatibandhiya jalavaayu mein aaraam key saath-saath swaasthya koo bhee badhaata haye aur iska uddeshya vatanukoolan koo dabana haye.
iss imarat koo sardiyon mein kamaron mein pravesh karane seey poorv-dakshin-poorv kii tej vyaparik havaaon koo rokane key liye unmukh kiya gayaa haye aur abhee bhee garmiyon mein thermal havaa seey laabh hotaa haye. mukhya agrabhag koo phir uttar aur dakshin kii or unmukh kiya jaataa haye, jisase paschimi aur dakshini agrabhag (joe saur vikiran key adhik sampark mein aatey hain) parr garmi cumm hoti haye.
kamaron key donon vipareet taraf lauver kaa upayog karke 30 pratishat kaa khidki seey deewaar anupaat banaakar safal ventilation praapt kiya gayaa haye. lauver naa kewal vayu pravaah koo niyantrit karane key liye upayogi hain, balki chakravaaton aur tootane seey bachaane key liye bhee upayogi hain. isake alawa, kamaron mein pravesh karane seey pahale jameen koo germ honey seey rokane key liye imarat key aspas key vatavaran koo achchi tarah seey socha gayaa haih
anta mein, harr kamare mein badey chhat key pankhe lagaae jaate hain, yahaan taka kii vatanukoolan kaa upayog karane vaale bhee. chhat key pankhe yeh sunishchit karate hain kii aavashyak havaa key abhaav mein bhee, kamare mein aramdayak mahsoos karane key liye aavashyak vayu pravaah upayogkartaon key liye pradaan kiya jaataa haye. yeh ghol khapat kii jaane vaali oorjaa kii matra koo kaafee cumm curr detaa haye. chhat key pankhon aur vibhajan pranali (takniki kamaron koo thandaa karane key liye upayog kiya jaane vaalaa) kii samagr khapat prati varsh ack maanak imarat mein ack classic vatanukoolan pranali kii tulanaa mein kewal prati varsh haye.
saur chhayankan.
abb jaba vayu pravaah mapdand seey nipata gayaa haye, tou agala mudda havaa kaa tapman haye. kamaron mein praapt adhikansh garmi glazing key madhyam seey aaney vaale saur vikiran key kaaran hoti haye.
paschimi aur purvi chhote agrabhag parr mushkil seey koee glazing rakhee gaee haye kyonki unamen saur vikiran praapt honey kii sabse adhik sambhavana haye. dou mukhya agrabhag, jinamen lauver bhee shamil hain, seedhe soorya kiranon seey sanrakshit hain, joe ghumaavdaar lakadi kii pattiyon seey bunny urdhvaadhar saur chhayankan kii vajah seey hain. jitna sambhav hoe sakey utanaa kushal honey key liye, saur chhayankan koo 3-dee software key saath anukaran kiya gayaa haye. iss glazing suraksha key dou mukhya prabhaav hainh desk parr chamak koo rokane key liye, joe chhatron aur enerpo mein kaam karane vaale karmchaariyon key liye bahut pareshan karane vaalaa hoe sakata haye; aur ghar key ander key tapman koo cumm karna.
samagri.
lifafe key sambandh mein, deevaaren concreet seey bunny hoti hain; chhat koo polystyrene kii ack parat aur ack hawadar bee. pee. vee. (bhawan ekikrit photovoltic) chhat key saath insulate kiya jaataa haye; saur chhayankan pranali lakadi kii pattiyon seey bunny hoti haye; poorv aur paschim gables khanij lakadi aur lakadi key aavaran key saath insulate kiye jaate hain. upayog kiya gayaa rung poori tarah seey javic haye aur lakadi key ghatakon kaa koee vishisht upchaar naheen huaa haye. mukhya agrabhag parr kissy insulation kii aavashyakta naheen haye kyonki way saur chhayankan key kaaran aiss-moolya key mamle mein bahut kushal hain.
prakaash.
adhikansh sthaanon parr cumm seey cumm 90 pratishat kaa upayogi delite index (yuu. dee. aaee.) sunishchit karane key liye delite kaa anukaran bhee kiya gayaa haye. imarat kii pahali manjil parr samudra kii or mukh karane vaali dou kakshaon mein koee kritrim prakaash naheen haye. una dou kakshaon koo chhodkar, sabhi kakshaon aur karyalayon mein cumm oorjaa khapat vaali roshni seey prakaash daala jaataa haye joe ack maanak imarat seey cumm kritrim prakaash ghanatva kaa utpaadan karati haye, cumm oorjaa vaali tii-5 roshni vaali kakshaon mein aur karyalayon mein vyaktigat netritva vaale desk lamp key saath. yeye prakaash ghanatva inn karyasthalon koo kaam karane key liye aramdayak banaane key liye paryaapt hain aur phir bhee oorjaa kii khapat aur roshni dwara utpaadit taapiya garmi donon koo cumm karate hain.
kakshaon mein table kii panktiyon dwara roshni aur chhat key pankhon koo niyantrit karane key liye kaee switch hain kyonki kuchh loga germ mahsoos curr sakate hain yaa paryaapt roshni naheen haye jabaki anya aramdayak hain. isase bijli barbad honey seey bachaa jaa sakata haye.
ack bhawan prabandhan pranali kaa upayog sakriya pranaliyon koo niyantrit karane key liye kiya jaataa haye. yadi loga kamare seey baahar nikalate samay batti bund karna bhool jaate hain, tou dou ghante key baad ack timer swachaalit roop seey roshni bund curr dega.
computing.
yeh prakaash key mudde key samaan haye kyonki computing pranali oorjaa kii khapat aur taapiya garmi donon koo bahut prabhaavit curr sakati haye. karyalayon mein apanaaya gayaa mukhya samadhan desktop computer key bajaay laptop kaa upayog karna haye kyonki way aamtaur parr cumm bijli kaa upbhog karate hain. computer kakshon key liye, way kewal screen, choohon aur keyboard seey lais hain aur sabhi kendriya ikaaiyaan vatanukoolit takniki kamare mein sthit hain. iss prakaar computer seey thermal load koo computing kamaron key baahar rakhaa jaataa haye.
photovoltic utpaadan.
jaisa kii pahale bataaya gayaa haye, sant ghaat shahar mein poore varsh saur vikiran kii ack badee matra praapt hoti haye. isake parinamswarup oorjaa key iss praakritik srot kaa dohan kiya gayaa haye. saur panels kii badaulat enerpose koo ack sakaratmak oorjaa nirmaan banaane kaa lakshya haye, pee. vee. utpaadan cumm seey cumm imarat kii oorjaa khapat key barabar honah chaahiye.
choonki photovoltic panels kaa upayog chhat key oopar key roop mein kiya gayaa haye, isaliye panels kii samagr satah koo seedhe soorya kiranon seey poori chhat koo bachaane key liye oorjaa kii aavashyakta kii tulanaa mein badaa kiya gayaa haye. inn ekikrit saur panels seey oorjaa kii cumm khapat santulit seey adhik hoti haye, jisase ack varsh seey adhik kaa kull utpaadan hotaa haye. oorjaa kaa parinami adhishesh, joe imarat dwara khapat naheen kiya jaa rhaa haye, lekin isake bajaay grid mein chhod diyaa jaa rhaa haye, taba ack varsh mein haye.
isake alawa, iss sthaapana kii sabhi laagaten aur jokhim nirmaata dwara pradaan kiye jaate hain, jaisa kii anubandh mein sahamati hui haye, naa kii enerpus key malik dwara (yaani runion dweep vishvavidyalaya). badale mein, runion dweep vishvavidyalaya nirmaata koo photovoltic utpaadan kiraaye parr detaa haye joe 15 varshon key liye grid mein dee gaee bijli kaa laabh praapt kartaa haye. usa avadhi key baad, imarat kaa malik pee. vee. panels kaa malik bunn jaataa haye.
upayogkartaon koo sakriya banaana.
ack imarat kii oorjaa khapat naa kewal usake nirmaan key tareeke parr nirbhar karati haye, balki mukhya roop seey rahane vaale key vyavhaar parr bhee nirbhar karati haye. yeh vichaar nishkriya designs key aadhar parr nirmit kii jaa rahee imaraton key liye adhik sach haye. vaastav mein, enerpose koo ack nishkriya imarat banaane kaa tatparya haye kii logon koo iska poori kshamata seey upayog karane key liye sakriya honey kii aavashyakta haye.
udaaharan key liye, kaksha key chhat key pankhe koo chaalu karane seey pahale, chhatron koo pahale lauver kholna hotaa haye. yeh samanya gyaan prateet hotaa haye lekin vaastav mein, loga jyaadaatar samay isake baare mein naheen sochate hain. yahee kaaran haye kii kamaron mein sanket pradarshit kiye jaate hain kii oorjaa barbad karane seey bachane key liye kaksha kaa thheek seey upayog kaise kiya jaae. iska uddeshya chhatron (aur shikshakon) koo vyavhaar karane key tareeke key baare mein shikshit karna aur unhein runion dweep parr daanv parr lagey paryavaraniya muddon kaa ehsas karaana haye.
post-occupancy mulyankan.
choonki anerpose runion dweep aur ushnakatibandhiya kshetron mein ack agrani pariyojana haye, isaliye upbhog vitaran, pradarshan aur iss imarat mein loga kaisa mahsoos karate hain, iska vishleshan karna aavashyak haye. isaliye, enropo mein aaraam key star kaa aaklan karane key liye teen germ mausamon key liye ack post-occupancy mulyankan kiya gayaa haye. chhatron aur shikshakon seey ack prashnavali bharane key liye kahaa gayaa thaa kii way imarat mein kaisa mahsoos karate hain, jabaki tapman, aardrata aur havaa key wegg jaise paryavaraniya maapdandon koo ekatra kiya gayaa thaa.
mukhya nishkarsh yeh haye kii sarvekshan kiye gaye 700 chhatron mein seey adhikansh binaa kissy vatanukoolan key germ mausam mein enropo mein sahaj mahsoos karate hain. iss pariyojana kaa antim uddeshya taba puuraa hoe gayaa haye.
parinam.
enerpose kii vaarshik khapat key beach, oorjaa key antim upayog talika mein soochibaddh hain.
ack maanak imarat kii tulanaa mein samagr oorjaa khapat mein plug load kaa yogdan asamanya roop seey adhik haye kyonki vatanukoolan aur prakaash bhaagon koo achchi tarah seey cumm curr diyaa gayaa haye.
nishkarsh key liye, enropos bhawan seey pataa chalata haye kii ushnakatibandhiya kshetron mein ack shaikshik nett zeb kaa nirmaan karna sambhav haye, jabaki logon koo kaam karane aur adhyayan karane key liye ack aramdayak vatavaran pradaan kartaa haye. isake alawa, anerpose pariyojana key baare mein seekha gayaa sabak germ jalavaayu mein harit bhawan aur nett zeb pariyojanaon parr lagu kiya jaa sakata haye.

