
hipponex

hipponex (; "jeane". <unk> <unk> <unk> <unk> <unk> ≤ ≤ ≤ ≤ ≤ ≤ ≤ ≤ ≤ ≤ ≤ ≤ ≤ ≤ ≤ ≤ ≤ ≤ ≤ ≤ ≤ ≤ ≤ ≤ ≤ ≤ ≤ ≤ ≤ ≤ ≤ ≤ ≤ ≤ ≤ ≤ ≤ ≤ ≤ ≤ ≤ ≤ ≤ ≤ ≤ ≤ ≤ ≤ ≤ ≤ ≤ ≤ ≤ ≤ ≤ ≤ ≤ ≤ ≤ ≤ ≤ ≤ ≤ ≤ ≤ ≤ ≤ ≤ ≤ ≤ ≤ ≤ ≤ ≤ ≤ ≤ ≤ ≤ ≤ ≤ ≤ ′ ′ ′ ′ ′ ′ ′ ′ ′ ′ ′ ′ ′ ′ ′ ′ ′ ′ ′ ′ ′ ′ ′ ′ ′ ′ ′ ′ ′ ′ ′ ′ ′ ′ ′ ′ ′ ′ ′ ′ ′ 6 veen shatabdi eesaa poorv key uttaraardh mein), affaces aur baad mein clasoman, ack pracheen yunani imbic kavi they jinhone aayani samaaj mein jeevan key ashleel paksh koo darshaane vaale chhandon kii rachana kii thee. unhein pracheen lekhakon dwara unaki durbhavanapurna buddhi (vishesh roop seey kuchh samkaaleen murtikaaron, buplus aur athenis parr unake hamalon key liye) key liye manaaya jaataa thaa, aur unhein shaaririk roop seey vikrit honey key liye pratishthit kiya jaataa thaa (ack aisee pratishtha joe unaki kavita kii prakriti seey prerit hoe sakati thee). 
jeevan.
pracheen adhikaari unake jeevan key baare mein nange vivaran darj karate hain (kabhi-kabhi ack-dusare key vipareet) aur unaki maujooda kavita aatmakathaatmak vyakhya (sabse achche samay mein bhee ack khatarnak abhyaas) kaa samarthan karane key liye bahut khandit haye.
mermer perium, joe kewal praasangik sthaan parr aanshik roop seey sanrakshit haye, usey 541/40 BC key roop mein nirdhaarit kartaa haye, joe murtikala key vishay parr iss tippani mein pliny dha elder dwara samarthit ack tarikh haih
inn tithiyon key liye puraataatvik pushti delos mein ack moorti key aasan parr paaee jaati haye, jiss parr naam micheads aur accermus utkeern hain aur joe 550-30 bc kaa haye. isaliye kavi koo surakshit roop seey chhathi shatabdi eesaa poorv key uttaraardh mein likhaa jaa sakata haye. athenius key anusaar, vaha chhota, patala aur aashcharyajanak roop seey majboot thaa, byzantine vishvakosh "suda" mein darj kiya gayaa thaa kii usey atyachari ethanagorus aur komaa dwara affaces seey nishkaasit curr diyaa gayaa thaa, phir clasomini mein buss gayaa thaa, aur usane buplus aur ethanis parr vyangya karate hue chhand likhe they kyonki unhone usaki apmaanjanak samaantaaen banaai theen. horres key "yug" parr tippani karane vaale ack vidwan ney buplus key saath vivaad key dou alag-alag vivaran darj kiye, halanki "clasomini mein ack chitrakaar" key roop mein varnit kiya gayaah hipponex ney buplus kii betty seey shaadi karane kii maang kii, lekin "usaki shaaririk kurupata key kaaran" usey aswikar curr diyaa gayaa, aur buplus ney usey badsurat key roop mein chitrit kiya taaki vaha hansee koo ukas sakey. usee vidwan key anusaar, hipponex ney padya mein itani barbarta seey jawabi kaarravaai kii kii buplus ney khud koo fansi lagaa lii.
usa mamle mein hipponex paros key archylochus seey milata-julata haye, joe pahale kaa ack imbic kavi thaa, jisane kathit taur parr ack nishchit lycamb aur apani betiyon koo shaadi mein aswikar kiye jaane key baad khud koo fansi parr latka diyaa thaa. aisaa sanyog sandeh koo aamantrit kartaa haye. haasya kavi dipilus ney dou embic kaviyon key beach samaantaa koo aur bhee aage badhaaya, joe unhein kavi saifo key pratidvandi premiyon key roop mein prastut karate they.
hipponex kaa jeevan, jaisa kii kavitaon mein prakat huaa haye, ack nimn-jeevan kii gaatha jaisa dikhta haye joe unaki niji dushmani, unake prempurna palayan aur unaki garibi parr kendrit haye, lekin yeh sambhav haye kii vaha ack aur petronius thaa, joe vaastav mein uchch samajik halakon mein chalate hue nimn-jeevan key paatron koo darshaata haye. ack tukade mein, hipponex "buplus, maan-bhaad mein jaane vaalaa () arete key saath", spasht roop seey buplus kii maan honey key naate, phir bhee arete koo hipponex parr dusare tukade mein felicio karane key roop mein prastut kiya jaataa haye aur, kaheen aur, hipponex shikayat kartaa haye "aap usa dusht buplus key saath bistar parr kyon gaye?", phir seey spasht roop seey aarey (jiska naam vidambanapurna roop seey 'sadgun' key liye yunani haye) kaa ullekh kartaa haye. kavi ack kaaryasheel vyakti haye, lekin archylochus key vipareet, joe thasos parr ack yoddha key roop mein kaary kartaa thaa, usake yuddh key maidan ghar key karib hainh
hipponex key jhagadaalu swabhaav koo zetz dwara uddhrit chhandon mein bhee chitrit kiya gayaa haye, jahan bard mims naamak ack chitrakaar koo gaali detaa haye, aur usey iss prakaar salah detaa haih
kaam karate hain.
hipponex kii rachana, ack sou saal pahale archylochus key kaam mein, dematter aur dionius key dhaarmik panth seey judey anushthaanik durvyavahar aur ashlilata key roop mein kaary karati prateet hoti haye, lekin hipponex key dinon mein, manoranjan kaa uddeshya thaa. donon hii mamalon mein, iss shally mein tiraskarpurna durvyavahar, ack kadwa swar aur yaun anumati shamil thee. 
halanki, archylochus key vipareet, vaha aksar apane naam seey khud koo sandarbhit karate hain, ack atyadhik aatm-jagrook vyakti key roop mein ubharate hue, aur unaki kavita adhik sankeern aur dayare mein dridhata seey ashleel haih "hipponex key saath, humm ack veertapurna, vaastav mein, ack bahut hii neech duniya mein hain", joe "kavi key kaary kii ack naee avadharana" key barabar haye." 
unhein ack vishisht chhand, scazone (jise murre kahate hain, "aimbik koo rokna") yaa choliyamb kaa aavishkaarak maanaa jaataa thaa, joe ack aimbik senarius key antim ambus key liye ack spondy yaa trochy koo pratisthaapit kartaa haye, aur unaki kavitaon key berlesk charitra key liye ack upayukt roop haye. jaisa kii ack pracheen vidwan ney ack baar kahaa thaah
alekjendar vidvaanon kii ruchi key bavjood unakaa bahut cumm kaam bachaa haye, jinhone ise dou yaa teen pustakon mein ekatra kiya. adhikansh jeevit tukade choliyamb mein hain lekin anya mein trokike tetrameter aur yahaan taka kii dectile bhee hain, baad vaale kabhi-kabhi iimb key saath sanyojan mein aur yahaan taka kii apane aap mein bhee dectillic hexameter mein, mahakavya kavita kaa anukaran karate hain. pracheen vidvaanon ney vaastav mein unhein parody kaa aavishkaar karane kaa shreya diyaa aur athenius ney hommer kii odisi kii nakali-veer nakal mein dectillic hexameter mein rachit ack petu 'euromedontiades' key khilaf iss dietribe koo uddhrit kiyaah
adhikansh pracheen kavi (jinamen imbic kavi archylochus aur semonides shamil hain) aayaniya mahakavya parampara seey prabhaavit they, jaisa kii hommer key kaam mein darshaaya gayaa haye. parody koo chhodkar, hipponex ney aisaa rachana kii jaise kii hommer kabhi maujood naheen thaa, naa kewal veer bhavna seey balki mahakavya vakyansh aur shabdawali seey bhee bachana. unhone ionic yunani key ack roop koo niyojit kiya jisamen asamanya roop seey uchch anupaat mein anatolian aur vishesh roop seey lydian rinn shabd shamil they, udaaharan key liye yahaan jahan way 'raajaa' (namankit) key liye baahari lydian shabd key saath zius koo sambodhit karate hainh
khaana, shauch aur vyabhichaar aksar vishay hotey hain aur aksar unhein ack saath kaam parr rakhaa jaataa haye, jaise kii 92 key tukade mein, ack toota huaa paparus joe ack durbhavanapurna gupt mein ack yaun muthbhed kaa varnan kartaa haye, jahaan ack lydian bhashi mahila kathavachak parr kuchh goodh aur ashleel sanskar karati haye, jisamen usaki jananangon koo ack anjir kii shakha seey peetna aur usake gudaa mein kuchh dalna, asanyam koo bhadkana aur anta mein gobar bhring dwara hamla karna shamil haye-ack jangli drishya jisane sambhavatah petronius key "satyrican" mein 'onothea' prakaran koo prerit kiya. 
vartamaan kaary mein yugon key tukade bhee shamil hain (aff. aar.). 115-118) lekin lekhakatva parr kaee aadhunik vidvaanon dwara vivaad haye, joe unhein vibhinn aadharon parr archylochus key liye jimmedaar thaharaate hain, udaaharan key liye pahale key kavi key prerak mein shreshth kaushal aur khandon kii samaantaa kshitij key dasaven yug (archylochus kaa ack spasht anukarankarta) key saath. archylochus hipponex key liye jimmedaar ack asamanya roop seey sunder rekha kaa srot bhee hoe sakata haye (ack rekha jise "saaf, madhur aur spare key roop mein saifo kii ack pankti key roop mein" bhee varnit kiya gayaa haye): 
prabhaav.
hipponex ney alekjendar kaviyon koo vaikalpik shailiyon aur bhasha key upayog kii khoj mein prabhaavit kiya, jaise kii calimacus aur nayakdas, aur ack teekhe, samajik aalochak key roop mein unaki rangeen pratishtha ney bhee unhein padya key liye ack lokpriya vishay banaa diyaa, jaisa kii gadya mein prastut iss epigram mein theocritus dwara kiya gayaa haih
yaa iss 19veen shatabdi mein see dwara tukbandi anuvaad.aiss.kailvarah
pracheen saahityik alochakon ney unhein saahityik parody aur jordar durvyavahar key liye upayukt "langade" kavyatmak meters key aavishkaar key saath-saath abhijaat varg jaise haasya natakkaron koo prabhaavit karane kaa shreya diyaa. unaki majakia, apmaanjanak shally udaaharan key liye naayak dwara iss parichhed mein dikhaai detee haye, joe mukhya roop seey isake bhashai pahaluon mein ruchi rakhate they (kaee maujooda chhandon koo shabdakoshkaron aur durlabh shabdon mein ruchi rakhane vaale vyaakaranvidon dwara hamaare liye sanrakshit kiya gayaa thaa):
jahan 'naabhi-snipper' ack daaee koo darshaata haye.
prasaran aur swaagat.
alekjendar kaviyon aur vidvaanon key saath unaki pahale kii lokpriyata key bavjood unake kaam key kuchh tukade bassentine avadhi key dauran jeevit rahey. isai pitaaon ney unake apmaanjanak aur ashleel chhandon koo aswikar curr diyaa aur unhein dharmatyagi, moortipoojak samrat, dwara bhee alankrit kiya gayaa, jinhone apane pujaariyon koo "naa kewal ashuddh aur kamuk krityon seey door rahane kaa nirdesh diyaa, balki usee charitra key bhaashan aur padhane seey bhee door rahane kaa nirdesh diyaa...koee bhee aarambh archylocus yaa hipponex yaa kissy bhee lekhak koo naheen padhega joe ack hii tarah kii baat likhate hain."isake alawa, hipponex kii ionic bolly aur videshi shabdon key unake vyaapak upayog ney unake kaam koo ack pracheen shiksha pranali key liye anupayukt banaa diyaa, joe shaastriya athens kii bolly attari koo badhaava detee thee. aaj poorna, lagaatar chhandon kaa sabse lamba tukada kewal chhah panktiyon seey banaa haye. oxyrincus mein kaam karane vaale puraatatvidon ney paparus key tukadon key saath alp sangrah koo jodaa haye, jinamen seey sabse lamba, 1941 mein prakaashit, pachas seey adhik choliyambik key "bhaag" hain.
purani comedy, joe kii aakramak aur durvyavahar key madhyam key roop mein, abhijaat varg aur abhijaat varg key drishtikon seey, joe purani comedy key ustaad they, nishchit roop seey hipponex seey prerana leeh "kissy koo unhein jabade parr ack yaa dou buplus denaa chaahiye-joe unhein thodaa bund curr sakata haye" purushon kaa corus mahilaaon key corus key baare mein lysistrata mein kahata haye, aur "adbhut kavi, hipponex!"dionysus mendhakon mein chillata haye, jabaki ack kode maarne key dauran khud parr padane vaale dard koo chhipaane kii koshish kartaa haye. stobious dwara hipponex key liye jimmedaar ack uddharan vaastav mein ack nae haasya kavi dwara rachit prateet hotaa haye.

