
daldali sampatti

ack dalbadal yogya sampatti taba banaai jaati haye jaba ack anudaandaataa bhoomi koo sashart roop seey hastaantarit kartaa haye. anudankarta dwara bataai gaee ghatana yaa shart key ghatit honey parr, hastaantaran amaanya yaa cumm seey cumm radd honey key adheen hoe sakata haye. (aisee sharton key adheen naa honey vaali sampatti koo akshamya sampatti kahaa jaataa haye.) aitihaasik roop seey, aam kaanoon ney dalbadal yogya sampattiyon key upayog parr narajgi jataai haye kyonki yeh maalikon key unaki sampatti key anand mein hastakshep kartaa haye aur iss tarah bhavishya mein vaidh byaaj paida karna mushkil hoe gayaa haye. jaba taka kii ack dalbadal yogya sampatti kaa spasht roop seey irada naheen haye, aadhunik adaalaten iss prakaar kii sampatti key khilaf bhasha kaa arth lagaayengi. teen prakaar kii dalbadal yogya sampadaaen hain shulk saral nirdhaaraniya, shulk saral nishpaadan seema yaa byaaj key adheen, aur shulk saral baad kii shart key adheen. ack jeevan sampatti bhee dalbadal yogya hoe sakati haye. 
kyonki ack dalbadal yogya sampatti hamesha ack poorna shulk seey cumm anudan detee haye, ack dalbadal yogya sampatti hamesha ack yaa adhik bhavishya key hiton kaa nirmaan karegi.
saral shulk nirdhaarit kiya jaa sakata haye.
ack saral nirdhaarit shulk ack aisee sampatti haye joe ghoshit ghatana yaa sthiti honey parr swachaalit roop seey samaapt hoe jaayegi. byaaj anudan dene vaale yaa anudan dene vaale key uttaradhikariyon koo vaapas curr diyaa jaayega. aam taur parr, prativarti kii sambhavana ack saral nirdhaarit shulk kaa anusaran karati haye. haalaanki, pratyaavarti kii sambhavana nishpaadan byaaj key adheen ack saral nirdhaarit shulk kaa paalan naheen karati haye, kyonki pratyaavarti kii sambhavana anudan dene vaale mein hoti haye jabaki nishpaadan byaaj teesare paksh mein hotaa haye. jaba taka sampatti kaa upayog ack udyaan key liye kiya jaataa haye" jaisi avadhi kii bhasha ack saral nirdhaarit shulk aur prativarti kii sambhavana paida karati haye. ack saral nirdhaarit shulk dene key liye vyakhya kiye gaye anya avadhi key shabdon mein "taka", "key dauran", aur "key dauran" shamil hain."
sanyukt raajya america mein kuchh adhikaar kshetron ney iss byaaj koo samaapt curr diyaa haye. udaaharan key liye, kentucky ney 1960 mein saral nirdhaarit shulk aur kaanoon dwara prativarti kii sambhavana koo samaapt curr diyaa. iss tarah key byaaj koo banaane key prayaas koo ack shulk key roop mein maanaa jaataa haye joe baad kii shart key adheen haye (neeche dekhein), aur ack vyakti jise samanya kaanoon mein prativarti kii sambhavana hogi, usey isake bajaay pravesh kaa adhikaar hoga.
ack saral nirdhaarit shulk shashwatata key khilaf niyam kaa ullanghan naheen kartaa haye, kyonki prativarti kii sambhavana niyam key adheen naheen haye.
nishpaadan seema key adheen saral shulk.
ack nishpaadan seema key adheen ack shulk saral ack aisee sampatti haye joe ack vishisht shart koo puuraa karane parr samaapt hoti haye aur phir kissy teesare paksh koo hastaantarit kii jaati haye. byaaj anudankarta koo vaapas naheen jaayega. yadi shart poori hoe jaati haye, tou anudan praaptakarta byaaj khou detaa haye aur teesare paksh koo yeh swatah praapt hoe jaataa haye.
udaaharan key liyeh
o ack aur ack key uttaradhikari koo kaalaa ekad detaa haye; lekin aggar ack kabhi see seey ack candy baar sweekaar kartaa haye, tou bee aur bee key uttaradhikariyon koo. 
yahaan, oh mool malik haye. vaha ack sadharan shulk detaa haye joe baad kii shart key adheen haye kii vaha see seey candy baar sweekaar naheen kartaa haye. haalaanki, ack sadharan shulk key vipareet, baad kii shart key adheen, yadi shart poori hoe jaati haye tou blacker anudaandaataa (oh) key bajaay teesare paksh (bee) koo jaataa haye. isake alawa, ack sadharan shulk key vipareet, baad kii shart key adheen, bee swachaalit roop seey blacker mein byaaj praapt kartaa haye aur kewal punah pravesh key liye mukadama karane kaa adhikaar naheen rakhta haye.
mool anudan praaptakarta dwara kaale ekad key hastaantaran mein mool seema hoti haye, lekin baad mein anudan praaptakarta kaa byaaj mool anudan praaptakarta kii baad mein mrityu parr shulk saral hoe sakata haye. udaaharan key liye, ack kaalaa ekad dee koo bechata haye. yadi ack baad mein see seey candy baar key liye ack prastaav sweekaar curr liya jaataa haye, tou blacker swachaalit roop seey bee mein chalaa jaataa haye. haalaanki, yadi see seey candy baar sweekaar kiye binaa ack vyakti kii mrityu hoe jaati haye, tou sthiti koo sambhavatah puuraa naheen kiya jaa sakata haye. dee key paas taba ack saral shulk hoga.
shulk saral, baad kii shart key adheen.
ack shulk saral, baad kii shart key adheen taba banaaya jaataa haye jaba anudan key shabd iss nishkarsh kaa samarthan karate hain kii anudankarta ack shulk saral nirpeksh dene kaa irada rakhta haye, lekin anudan key saath ack shart sanlagn kii haye taaki yadi koee nirdisht bhavishya kii ghatana hoti haye tou anudankarta koo iska shulk saral poorna vaapas mill jaae, basharte kii anudankarta apane pravesh key adhikaar (yaa samaapti kii shakti) kaa prayog kartaa haye. iss prakaar, ack shulk saral shart key baad kii sthiti key honey parr swachaalit roop seey samaapt naheen hoti haye. bhavishya key byaaj koo "punah pravesh kaa adhikaar" yaa "pravesh kaa adhikaar" kahaa jaataa haye, aur sampatti kewal mool anudankarta koo vaapas mill jaati haye yadi vaha iss adhikaar kaa prayog kartaa haye. 
pravesh kaa adhikaar swachaalit naheen haye, balki baad kii shart key adheen shulk koo samaapt karane key liye prayog kiya jaanaa chaahiye. pravesh key adhikaar kaa prayog karane key liye, dhaarak koo kabja aur adhikaar kii vasuli key liye paryaapt kadam uthaane chaahiye, udaaharan key liye, ack mukadama daayar karke. bhautik pravesh kii aavashyakta naheen haye, lekin dhaarak koo kewal vaapas lene key iraade kii ghoshana karane seey adhik karna chaahiye.
ack bhasha jiska upayog shulk banaane key liye kiya jaataa haye, ack sadharan shart key baad aur pravesh kaa adhikaar ack haye, lekin yadi koee bhoomi parr sharaab bechata haye, tou anudankarta koo pravesh (yaa samaapti kii shakti) kaa adhikaar haye." 
samanya upayogon mein "hoe sakata haye", lekin "yadi", "haalaanki" yaa "pradaan kii gaee bhasha shamil haye..."

