
australia mein swadeshi sandhiyaan

australia mein swadeshi sandhiyaan australiyai sarkaaron aur australiyai pratham rashtron (yaa anya samaan samoohon) key beach badhyakari kanuni samjhauton kaa prastaav haye. ack sandhi (anya cheejon key alawa) pahale rashtron koo vishisht raajneetik samudaayon key roop mein maanyata dey sakati haye, swadeshi samprabhuta koo sweekaar curr sakati haye, parasparik roop seey maanyata praapt adhikaaron aur jimmedariyon koo nirdhaarit curr sakati haye aur/yaa kuchh hudd taka swa-shasson pradaan curr sakati haye. aisee koee sandhi lagu naheen haye.
raajya aur kshetra star parr ack sandhi prakriya vikasit karane key liye kuchh kadam uthaaye gaye hain, joe victoria sarkaar dwara pragati key liye baatchit key liye ack kanuni dhaanche kii sthaapana seey badhaava diyaa gayaa haye, jisaki ghoshana 2016 mein kii gaee thee aur 2019 mein pahali logon kii sabhaa key chunaav key saath. juuna 2020 mein ashwet jeevan key muddon key liye dikhaaya gayaa samarthan australia bhar mein railiyon ney bhee iss mamle parr pragati key liye ack gati pradaan kii haye.
prishthabhoomi.
sarkaaron aur swadeshi logon key beach sandhiyon key uddeshyon mein shamil hoe sakate hainh 
americi bhaaratiya aarthik vikas parr harvard pariyojana dwara kiye gaye shodh seey pataa chalata haye kii atmanirnaya ack aavashyak ghatak haye joe nuksan koo door karane mein sahayak haye.
kaee adiwasi australiyai logon ney kahaa haye kii ack sandhi yaa sandhiyaan unhein vaastavik key saath-saath prateekaatmak maanyata bhee pradaan karengi, aur iss vishay parr kaee varshon seey rashtriya bahas hoe rahee haye, saath hii australiyai samvidhaan mein swadeshi maanyata, bhoomi adhikaar aur antaral koo bund karane jaise nuksan koo cumm karane key uddeshya seey karyakramon jaise sambandhit mamalon key saath. iss prakaar kii sandhi mein ack aupchaarik samjhauta shamil hoga joe sarkaar aur pratham rashtron key logon key beach sambandhon koo paribhaashit kartaa haye, aur isamen vishisht muddon parr badhyakari anubandh key saath-saath swaasthya aur shiksha seey sambandhit vyaavhaarik upaay bhee shamil hoe sakate hain.
british aupaniveshik pratinidhiyon ney niptan key shuruati charanon key dauran newzealand aur kanada mein swadeshi logon key saath sandhiyon parr baatchit kii. vetangi kii sandhi 1840 mein usa samay sampann hui thee jaba newzealand kii bhavishya kii coloney taba nyu south wells kii coloney kaa hissa thee. uttari america mein british sandhi banaana solahavin shatabdi kii shuruat mein shuru huaa aur 1867 mein kanada key swa-shasson praapt karane taka jaari rhaa, jisake baad kanadai sanghiya sarkaar ney sankhyaabaddh sandhiyon (1871 seey 1921) mein pravesh kiya. aupaniveshik sandhiyaan african itihas mein bhee dikhaai deenh 1860 mein ack pramukh (vartamaan nigeria mein) ney samajhaaya kii unhone "pramukhon koo ack sandhi parr hastakshar karane key liye prerit karane kii pravritti key kaaran ack british sandhi seey incar curr diyaa jiska arth way naheen samajhate they, aur phir desh parr kabja curr liya. 1883 mein adolph luderitz koo vartamaan namibia mein "luderitzland" kii bikri ack galat samajh sandhi kaa ack udaaharan pradaan karati haye.
itihas.
australiyai upaniveshon key shuruati varshon seey swadeshi sandhiyon koo radd curr diyaa gayaa haye. 1832 mein vaine diamen kii bhoomi (abb tasmania) key governor, george arther ney coloney mein kaale yuddh key baad tippani kii kii yeh "ack ghaatak truti thee...kii mool nivaasiyon key saath ack sandhi naheen kii gaee thee. unhone aupaniveshik karyalaya koo sifarish kii kii dakshin australia key upanivesheekaran seey pahale, vahaan key adiwasi logon key saath ack samajh banaai jaae, taaki "lambe samay seey jaari yuddh koo rokaa jaa sakey. vishesh roop seey, 1836 key dakshin australia praant kii sthaapana karane vaale patron key patent ("dakshin australia adhiniyam 1834" key vipareet, jisamen isane sanshodhan kiya thaa) mein dakshin australia key adiwasi logon key adhikaaron kii maanyata shamil thee.
swadeshi australiyai logon key saath ack sandhi parr baatchit karane kaa 21veen shatabdi seey pahale kaa ekmatra prayaas jise batman sandhi key roop mein jaanaa jaane lagaa. yeh melburn key vartamaan sthal key paas port phillip key aspas bhoomi kii khareed key liye ack charwaha aur vyavasaayi johnn batman aur wurundzeri bujurgon key ack samooh key beach ack samjhauta thaa, tathaakathit sandhi koo 26 agast 1835 koo nyu south wells key governor, richard borke dwara amaanya ghoshit kiya gayaa thaa, jisane ghoshana kii thee kii coloney key bheetar kii sabhi bhoomi taaj kii thee aur ise nipataane kaa ekmatra adhikaar thaa. jabaki taaj kattarpanthi sheershak key siddhant key tahat kissy bhee bhoomi key niptan kaa adhikaar rakhta haye, bhoomi key kuchh antarnihit swadeshi adhikaaron koo deshi sheershak kaanoon key tahat maanyata dee gaee haye.
1988 mein pradhaanmantri bobb hock ney pahali baar adiwasi bujurgon seey barunga bayaan praapt karane key baad ack swadeshi sandhi kaa vaadaa kiya thaa, jisamen iss tarah kii sandhi koo samaapt karane kaa ahwan kiya gayaa thaa. saarvajanik hita aur badhate samarthan key bavjood, iss tarah kii sandhi key sambhaavit nihitarth parr chinta jataai gaee, jaise kii vittiya kshatipurti.
21veen sadee.
2017 mein, pradhaan mantri malcum turnbull ney sansad mein ack swadeshi aavaaj key prastaav koo khariz curr diyaa, yeh "dill seey uluru bayaan" kaa pahala anurodh thaa, jisamen sandhi key liye anurodh bhee shamil thaa.
sanghiya star parr ack swadeshi sandhi kii disha mein koee pragati naheen hui (dashakon kii bahas key bavjood), 21veen sadee kii shuruat mein kaee raajyon aur kshetron ney apane swadeshi logon key saath sandhi vaarta shuru kii. 2017 key "dill seey uluru bayaan" mein anurodh shamil thaah "humm sarkaaron aur pratham rashtron key beach samjhauta karane kii prakriya kii nigrani karane aur hamaare itihas key baare mein sach kahane key liye ack makarta aayog kii maang karate hain" (makarta "sangharsh samadhan, shaanti nirmaan aur nyaay kii prakriya" key liye ack yolangu shabd haye).
julaai 2019 mein, caine vyaat, jinhen haal hii mein swadeshi australiyai logon key liye mantri kii naee bhoomika key liye niyukt kiya gayaa thaa, ney rashtriya press club koo sambodhit kiya, jisamen unhone naidok saptah 2019 kii vishay vastu key baare mein baat keeh "aavaaj. sandhi. sach.". unhone ack sthaaniya, kshetriya aur rashtriya aavaaj key vikas kii baat kii, aur kahaa, "sandhi key sambandh mein, yeh mahatvapurna haye kii raajya aur kshetradhikar netritva karein. jaba aap samvidhaan parr vichaar karate hain, tou way usa kaam koo karane key liye behtar sthiti mein hotey hain.
victorian sarkaar dwara 2018 mein apani pahali logon kii sabhaa key saath swadeshi sandhi vaarta key liye ack kanuni dhaanche key nirmaan key saath, bahas phir seey australia mein pramukhta seey badhee, juuna 2020 key black life matter railiyon dwara australia mein badhaava diyaa gayaa.
australia mein sanghiya yaa kissy bhee raajya sarkaar key beach koee sandhi lagu naheen haye.
raajya aur kshetra sandhi prakriyaaen.
daniel andru kii victorian sarkaar 2018 mein swadeshi sandhi vaarta key liye ack kanuni dhancha paarit karane vaali raajya star parr pahali thee, lekin 21veen sadee mein sabhi raajyon aur kshetron mein iss tarah kii prakriya koo bhadkane key liye vibhinn kadam uthaaye gaye hain.
raajya sarkaar key saath ack swadeshi sandhi dwara cover kiye gaye muddon mein swaasthya aur shiksha shamil honey kii sambhavana haye.
uttari kshetra.
2018 mein michael gunner kii uttari kshetra sarkaar ney kshetra key swadeshi logon key saath ack sandhi prakriya shuru karane kaa vaadaa kiya, jisamen vaarta kii dekhrekh key liye ack swatantra sandhi aayukt kii niyukti bhee shamil thee. juuna 2018 mein gunner ney "barunga samjhaute" parr hastakshar kiye, ack samjhauta gyaapan joe ack sandhi prakriya vikasit karane key liye agale teen varshon mein kshetra kii chaar adiwasi bhoomi parishadon key saath baatchit karane key liye apani sarkaar koo pratibaddh kartaa haye.
iss prakriya kii dekhrekh ack swatantra sandhi aayukt dwara kii jaayegi, joe pahale charan mein ack sandhi mein unaki ruchi kaa aaklan karane key liye swadeshi samudaayon key saath ack varsh key liye paramarsh karenge. dusare charan mein, ack saarvajanik charcha patra jaari kiya jaayega, jiska paramarsh aur pratikriya key liye pramukh adiwasi bhaashaon mein anuvaad kiya jaayega. taba ack charan puuraa honey key 18 maheene key bheetar ack antim report uttari kshetra vidhansabha mein pesh kii jaayegi.
4 march 2019 koo, mike dodson koo sandhi aayukt niyukt kiya gayaa, jiss parr sabhi chaar rashtriya bhoomi parishadon aur mantri ney sahamati vyakt kii. unhein dhaaee saal key bheetar antim report prastut karane kaa kaam saunpa gayaa haye. sandhi aayog ney julaai 2020 mein prakaashit ack charcha patra mein kahaa haih "hamaare kuchh bujurg bahut puraane hain... satya-kathan kii prakriya jald seey jald shuru honey chaahiye. yeh jaruri haye ". satya-kathan ack aavashyak kadam haye, aur sandhi key liye baatchit shuru honey seey pahale honah chaahiye, jisamen lamba samay lugg sakata haye. kyonki aine. tii. ack raajya naheen haye, aine. tii. sarkaar key saath baatchit kii gaee sandhiyon koo sanghiya sarkaar dwara khariz kiya jaa sakata haye, jisase unaki prabhavsheelta seemit hoe sakati haye. aise mamalon mein bhee chunautiyen hain jahan paaramparik maalikon kii bhoomi raajya kii seemaon key paar faili hui haye, aur jahan sadasya aur chori kii peedhiyon key vanshaj yeh pataa lagaane mein saksham naheen hain kii unake loga kaun hain aur isaliye way pratham rashtra key logon key roop mein yogya naheen hoe sakate hain. sandhi aayukt 2022 mein mukhyamantri koo apani report saunpenge, jisake baad baatchit shuru hogi.
raani bhoomi.
2019 mein anastasia palaazzuk kii raani bhoomi sarkaar ney ack swadeshi sandhi prakriya key maarg koo aage badhaane mein apani ruchi kii ghoshana kii. sandhi kaary samooh aur pratishthit sandhi prakriya panel kaa gathan kiya gayaa thaa, jisamen jackie huggins aur michael lavarch ney pratishthit panel kii saha-adhyakshata kii thee. julaai 2019 aur 2020 kii shuruat key beach 1,700 seey adhik queenslanders aur 24 samudaayon mein vyaapak roop seey paramarsh karane key baad farwari 2020 mein queensland sansad mein unaki "sandhi report kaa maarg" pesh kiya gayaa thaa, aur upa pradhaan mantri, khajanchi aur adiwasi aur torres strait eyelander saajhedaari jackie trade key liye mantri koo prastut kiya gayaa thaa. huggins ney kahaa kii australia key itihas koo sweekaar karate hue satya-kathan kii prakriya "aage badhane key liye mahatvapurna ghatak" haye.
13 agast 2020 koo, premiere palaazzuk ney ghoshana kii kii sarkaar pratham rashtron kii raani key saath sandhi key maarg parr aage badhane kii sifarish kaa samarthan karegi. unhone kahaa kii sandhi pragati samiti panel kii sifaarishon key karyanvayan parr swatantra salah pradaan karegi.
dakshin australia.
2016 mein jey vedril kii dakshin australiyai sarkaar ney raajya bhar mein swadeshi samoohon key saath sandhiyon parr baatchit karane key apane iraade kii ghoshana kii, ghoshana kii kii raajya bhar mein 40 sandhiyon koo sthaapit karane key liye paanch varshon mein 44 laakh dollar alag rakhe gaye they. disambar 2016 mein, sarkaar aur teen adiwasi deshonh ngarindjeri, narunga aur adnyamathan logon key beach baatchit shuru hui. dakshin australiyai sandhi aayukt kii julaai 2017 kii report key baad, baatchit shuru hui. farwari 2018 mein, york praaydweep key narunga rashtra key saath buthera samjhaute parr hastakshar kiye gaye they.
2018 key raajya chunaav mein mausam sarkaar kii haar key baad, aaney vaale pradhaan mantri steven marshel ney sandhi vaarta prakriya koo roque diyaa joe unake poorvavarti, jey vedril dwara shuru kii gaee thee, yeh kahate hue kii vaha "vyaavhaarik parinamon" parr dhyaan kendrit karna chaahte they.
tasmania.
2015 mein australia divas parr, tasmanian greens ney tasmanian sarkaar aur tasmanian adiwasi samudaay key beach baatchit key liye ack aupchaarik sandhi kaa ahwan kiya. tasmania kii adiwasi bhoomi parishad key adhyaksh michael mansell ney agast 2019 mein kahaa kii gair-swadeshi logon koo ack sandhi seey darne kii aavashyakta naheen haye, kyonki yeh "kewal sachche loktantra aur atmanirnaya kii abhivyakti hogi. usa samay, kewal tasmania key hisse koo "adiwasi bhoomi adhiniyam 1995" key tahat vaapas kiya gayaa thaa. unhone kahaa kii nirjan jangal key kuchh pramukh kshetron koo vaapas karane kaa matlab abb mool bhoomi key roop mein adiwasi logon key liye naukariyan honah hoga.
juuna 2020 mein, mansell aur gregg braun, tasmanian adiwasi nigam board key sadasya, ney premiere peater gutween key saath apani pahali baithak kii, aur ack sandhi kaa mamla uthaaya. humm aadami george lloyd kii mrityu seey bhadke kaale jeevan key mamle mein virodh pradarshanon mein australia mein adiwasi muddon key liye dikhaae gaye samarthan seey mansell koo khushi hui thee, aur ack sandhi aayog kii aavashyakta kii lanceston raili mein unhone baat kii thee.
victoria.
victorian sarkaar raajya star parr pahali thee jisane 2018 mein swadeshi sandhi vaartaon key liye ack kanuni dhancha paarit kiya thaa. victorian liberal party ney raajya-adharit swadeshi sandhi kaa virodh karate hue kahaa kii ack sanghiya sandhi adhik upayukt hogi. vipakshi rajneta burney finn ney yeh bhee kahaa kii choonki adiwasi vijeta victorian nagrik they, isaliye raajya apane saath ack swadeshi sandhi karega, ack tark jise sarkaar ney khariz curr diyaa.
3 julaai 2018 koo, sarkaar ney pahala australiyai sandhi kaanoon paarit kiya, "adiwasi vijeta adhiniyam 2018 key saath sandhi prakriya koo aage badhaana", prabhaavi 1 agast 2018. victorian sarkaar aur adiwasi samudaayon key beach saajhedaari kaa antim lakshya "adiwasi samudaayon key liye sulah aur nyaay praapt karna haye", aur adhiniyam kaanoon mein aisee saajhedaari koo sunishchit kartaa haye.
2019 kaa victorian pratham logon kaa vidhansabha chunaav victoria mein adiwasi aur torus jaldamroomadhya dweep key logon key pratinidhiyon koo chunane key liye aayojit kiya gayaa thaa. kewal 7 pratishat paatr matdaataon ney matdan kiya.
urrook.
julaai 2020 mein, victorian sarkaar adiwasi logon key khilaf "aitihaasik galatiyon aur chala rahey anyaayon koo aupchaarik roop seey maanyata dene" key liye ack satya aur nyaay aayog key nirmaan key liye pratibaddh honey vaalaa pahala raajya yaa kshetra bunn gaee. aayog kaa naam urrook nyaay aayog rakhaa gayaa thaa, aur iska uddeshya victoria mein british upanivesh kii shuruat key baad seey adiwasi vijayiyon key anubhav kaa ack aadhikarik saarvajanik record sthaapit karna haye. yeh upaniveshvaad key parinamswarup victoria key pahale logon key saath hue ateet aur chala rahey anyaay kii jaanch karega, ack saanskritik roop seey surakshit sthaan pradaan karega jisamen pahale loga aur anya loga victoria mein hui dardanaak ghatnaaon aur unake prabhaavon key baare mein sachchai bataa sakate hain, victoria mein pranaaleegat anyaay kii pehchaan curr sakate hain aur usa anyaay koo samaapt karane key liye sudhaaron kaa prastaav rakh sakate hain aur una mamalon kaa prastaav rakh sakate hain joe victoria kii chala rahee sandhi banaane kii prakriyaon mein shamil hoe sakate hain. isake nishkarsh, joe juuna 2024 taka soochit kiye jaane vaale hain, mein sudhaar aur nivaaran key liye sifaarishen shamil hongi, aur victoria kii sandhi vaartaon koo soochit karenge. 
nyaayamurti cavin bell koo ekmatra gair-kaary-aayukt key roop mein niyukt kiya gayaa thaa; anya hainh
ankal jack charles aprail 2021 mein saarvajanik sunavaai key pahale sett, yaa "wurek tyrong" mein apane anubhavon key baare mein bolane vaale pahale swadeshi bujurg they. sunavaai kaa doosara khand maee key anta mein nirdhaarit kiya gayaa thaa. bujurgon koo saarvajanik parivesh mein apane satya bataane kii unaki taiyari key aadhar parr apane pratyaksh anubhavon aur drishtikon key baare mein bolane key liye aamantrit kiya gayaa thaa. anya loga apani kahaaniyon koo prastutiyon mein, yaa "nadar-mooyoop", likhit, audio yaa video roop mein, yaa ack kalaakriti jaise vastu key roop mein saajha karane mein saksham honge.
samay parr dastaavez pesh karane mein sarkaar kii viphalata key kaaran aayog kii gati dheemi hoe gaee haye, lekin prakriya jaari haye. haal key aankadon seey pataa chalata haye kii raajya kii dekhbhal mein swadeshi bachchon kii sankhya koo cumm karane, swadeshi logon, vishesh roop seey yuvaaon koo asman roop seey kaid karane aur hirasat mein adiwasi mauton mein madad karane key uddeshya seey kii gaee pahalon kii pragati kii nigrani mein raajya pranaliyon kii viphalata haye.
paschimi australia.
2015 mein collin barnet kii paschimi australiyai sarkaar ney noongar logon key saath ack deshi sheershak samjhaute parr hastakshar kiye, jise upa vipakshi netaa roser cook ney "ack classic sandhi" key roop mein varnit kiya thaa, aur caine vyaat ney ise "sahee mayane mein ack sandhi" kahaa thaa.
vyaapak dakshin-paschim mool swaamitva samjhaute kaa uddeshya dakshin-paschimi australia key paaramparik maalikon key roop mein noongar logon kii vaidhaanik maanyata key badale mein mool swaamitva key daavon koo hull karna haye. yeh australiyai itihas mein sabse badee mool nivasi basti haye, joe lagbhag 30,000 noongar logon koo prabhaavit karati haye aur dakshin-paschimi paschimi australia mein faili hui haye. ise "australia kii pahali sandhi" key roop mein varnit kiya gayaa haye.
2018 taka, vaa ney raajya mein ack adiwasi pratinidhi nikaay sthaapit karane kii yojana kii ghoshana kii thee.