zelies

zelize (; ziliz yaa zelige bhee likhaa jaataa haye) mozek tilework kii ack shally haye joe vyaktigat roop seey haath seey chhitare gaye tyle key tukadon seey banaai jaati haye. yeye tukade aam taur parr vibhinn rangon key hotey they aur tessellation key aadhar parr vibhinn pattern banaane key liye ack saath fitt kiye jaate they, vishesh roop seey vistrit islami jyaamitiya rupankanon jaise kii vikiran karane vaale taaron key pattern. islami kalaa kaa yeh roop paschimi islami duniya mein vastukala kii mukhya visheshtaon mein seey ack haye. yeh morakko kii vastukala, algeria kii vastukala, tunisia mein praarambhik islami sthalon aur all-andalus (iberian praaydweep mein) key aitihaasik smarakon mein paaya jaataa haye. 14veen shatabdi key baad seey, "zelize" nichali divaaron key saath, favvaaron aur talabon mein, meenaron parr aur farsh key nirmaan key liye ack maanak sajawati tatva bunn gayaa.
15veen shatabdi key baad morakko koo chhodkar adhikansh deshon mein paaramparik mozek "zelize" fashion seey baahar hoe gayaa, jahan aaj bhee iska utpaadan jaari haye. "zelize" aadhunik imaraton mein paaya jaataa haye joe paaramparik designs kaa upayog karate hain jaise kii casablanca mein hassan II masjid joe paaramparik designs key saath ack nayaa rung pallet jodati haye. punarjagaran kaal key dauran utpaadit spanish tailon mein bhee "zelize" pattern kaa prabhaav spasht thaa aur vargakar tailon parr chitrit kuchh aadhunik nakalon mein dekhaa jaataa haye.
naam.
zilliz" () shabd kriya "zalaaja" () seey liya gayaa haye jiska arth haye "slide karna", joe tailon kii chikani, chamkili satah key sandarbh mein haye. purtagaali aur spanish mein "azulezo" shabd, joe purtagaal aur spen mein chitrit tyle kii shally kaa ullekh kartaa haye, shabd "zilliz" seey nikla haye."spen mein, alhambra jaise aitihaasik islami smarakon mein upayog kii jaane vaali mozek tyle takneek koo" "elikatado" "key roop mein bhee jaanaa jaataa haye, joe ack spanish shabd haye joe arabi kriya" "kaataa" "() seey liya gayaa haye jiska arth haye" "kaatna" ".
itihas.
utpatti (10veen seey 13veen shatabdi).
"tunisia mein all-mansuria (sabra) key "zelliz" tukade, sambhavatah 10veen shatabdi key madhya seey yaa 11veen sadee key madhya zirid vyavasaay seey, sujhaav dete hain kii takneek iss avadhi key aspas paschimi islami duniya mein vikasit hui hogi. georges marcise ney tark diyaa kii yeye tukade, mahadiya mein paaee gaee samaan sajawat key saath, ingit karate hain kii takneek kii utpatti sambhavatah ifricia mein hui thee aur baad mein ise aage paschim mein niryaat kiya gayaa thaa. yeh shayed zantaain mozek seey prerit yaa vyutpann thaa aur phir muslim kaarigaron dwara fines tailon key liye anukoolit kiya gayaa thaa. 11veen shatabdi taka, "zelize" takneek paschimi islami duniya mein ack parishkrit star parr pahunch gaee thee, jaisa kii algeria mein cull 'aath baani hammad mein paae jaane vaale vistrit footpath mein pramaanit kiya gayaa thaa. 
almohad kaal key dauran, qutubia masjid aur marakesh kii kasba masjid kii meenaron parr harey aur safed rung mein cheeni mitty kii sajawat key pramukh baind pahale seey hii they. apekshaakrit saral design mein, way sanhaja berber sanskriti key kalaatmak prabhaavon koo pratibimbit curr sakate hain. jonathan khilane mein qutubia masjid kii meenar parr chamkili tailon kaa hawala diyaa gayaa haye, joe 12veen shatabdi key madhya seey haye, joe morakko mein "zelize" kaa sabse purana vishvasaniya roop seey dinaankit udaaharan haye. alag-alag tyle key tukade badey hotey hain, jisase pattern door seey dikhaai detaa haye. pratyek tukade koo beck karane seey pahale ack chhote seey chhed seey chheda gayaa thaa taaki meenar key iss hisse parr ack mortar satah mein lakadi key frame mein nakhunon seey tyle koo lagaaya jaa sakey. 1190 key dashak mein thodi dair baad nirmit kasbah masjid kii meenar, aam taur parr cheeni mitty kii sajawat kaa adhik upayog karati haye, jisamen meenar key oopari hisson parr jyaamitiya mozek bhee shamil hain, joe qutubia kii takneek mein haye (halanki design mein thodaa adhik vividhata). aaj donon meenaron parr bunny tiles mool kii aadhunik pratikriti hain, jinake tukade baadi mahal sangrahalaya key aarakshit sangrah mein sanrakshit kiye gaye hain.
poore kshetra mein saamaanyikaran (14veen seey 15veen shatabdi).
adhik jatil "zelize" shally joe aaj humm jaanate hain, 14 veen shatabdi key pahale bhaag key dauran morakko, algeria aur all-andalus mein marinid, zayanid aur nasrid rajvansh kaal key tahat vyaapak hoe gaee. all-pundlus aur paschimi maghreb key beach mahatvapurna saanskritik ekataa aur sambandhon key kaaran, marinid, nasrid aur zaayani sanrakshan key tahat "zelize" key roop behad samaan hain. ifricia (tunisia) mein, hoffsid rajvansh key tahat, isi avadhi key dauran "zelize" tiling kaafee hudd taka shally seey baahar hoe gaee aur patthar aur sangamarmar key paneling key liye ack vareeyata dwara pratisthaapit kiya gayaa thaa.
"zelize" tiling kaa upayog aamtaur parr farsh koo pakka karane aur imaraton key ander nichali divaaron koo dhakane key liye kiya jaataa thaa. "meenaron key baahari hisse aur kuchh pravesh dwaaron parr bhee "zelize" kaa upayog kiya jaataa thaa. iss avadhi key dauran badhati jatilata key pattern key saath jyaamitiya rupankanon kaa varchasva thaa. cumm baar, vanaspati yaa pushp arabi rupankanon kaa bhee nirmaan kiya gayaa thaa. divaaron parr, "zelize" jyaamitiya dadoz aamtaur parr ack shilalekh chitra dwara sheersh parr they. iss avadhi taka, peele (lohe key oxide yaa crome peele rung kaa upayog karke), neele aur gahare bhoore rung key manganese rung jaise adhik rangon kaa upayog kiya gayaa thaa. tyle mozek kii yeh shally, ack pattern banaane key liye badee sankhya mein chhote haath seey katey tukadon koo ikattha karke banaai gaee haye, joe usa avadhi kii prasiddh imaraton jaise kii nassrids key alhambra mahalon, talemsen kii masjidon aur phase, mcness aur saale key marinid madrason mein spasht haye. yeh usee avadhi key kuchh isai spanish mahalon mein bhee paaya jaataa haye, jinhone musalman yaa mudager kaarigaron koo niyukt kiya thaa, vishesh roop seey seville key alkazar, jinake 14 veen shatabdi key khand alhambra key samkaaleen hain aur unamen usee shally mein "zelize" tilework haye, halanki thodaa cumm parishkaar haye. nasrid "zelize" kalaa key sabse asadharan jeevit udaharanon mein 14veen shatabdi key alhambra mein "miradar dee lindraja" aur "torre dee laa kautiva" key pitaa hain. jabaki arabi shilalekh aamtaur parr gadde mein tarasha gayaa thaa yaa badee vargakar tailon parr chitrit kiya gayaa thaa, inn dou udaharanon mein naski lipi mein bahut maheen arabi shilalekh hain joe aksharon key roop mein katey hue rangeen tyle key tukadon kii assembly seey baney hain aur ack safed prishthabhoomi mein sett kiye gaye hain. torre dee laa kautiva" kii tailon koo baingani rung key upayog seey aur alag kiya jaataa haye joe vastukala "zelize" sajawat mein advitiya haye. lindraj key mirador" key duddo mein shilalekh key star key neeche bahut maheen mozek tukadon key saath ack vishesh roop seey unnat jyaamitiya sanrachana bhee haye. iss sanrachana mein kuchh tyle key tukade 2 millimeter chaude key roop mein cumm maapate hain.
zelize" key alawa aage paschim mein, chamkile rung key tukadon key saath "zelize" kii ack vishisht shally, aksar taad key foolon key pattern aur scrollwork mein, telman key shilpkaron key beach vikasit hui. iss shally kaa sabse mahatvapurna praarambhik udaaharan aboo tashfin aaee (aar. 1318-1337). iss prakaar kaa baad mein iss yug key baad key smarakon mein mukhya roop seey talemsen (jaise kii aboo madyan kii masjid aur madarsa) mein dikhaai diyaa, lekin chella key marinid madarse mein bhee aage, yeh sujhaav dete hue kii kaarigaron kii ack hii karyashala koo iss samay key aspas marinid dwara niyojit kiya gayaa hoga. pravesh dwaaron parr "zelize" sajawat kaa upayog, anyatha baaki magreb mein aam naheen thaa, bhee talemsen kii vastukala kii sabse vishishtata thee. aaj, talemsen key puraataatvik sangrahalaya mein zayanid rajvansh key vibhinn madhyayugeen smarakon seey panel aur "zelize" key kaee avashesh hain.
marinid tilework mein shilalekh chitra, joe aamtaur parr mukhya mozek dado mein sheersh parr hotey hain, ack alag takneek key madhyam seey banaae gaye they jise "graphito" key roop mein adhik vyaapak roop seey jaanaa jaataa haye ("kharonch" key liye italvi shabd seey). iss takneek mein, vargakar panels koo kaale rung mein chamkila kiya gayaa thaa aur taba glaze koo vaanchhit rupankan key chaaron or chipka diyaa gayaa thaa, arabi shilalekh aur anya sajawati falate-phoolate kaale rung mein ack nangi dharti key khilaf. kabhi-kabhi prithvi kii prishthabhoomi koo safed parat seey dhakaa jaataa haye, aur kuchh avsaron parr raahat mein ack harey rung kaa rupankan chhodane key liye kaale rung key bajaay harey rung kii chamak kaa upayog kiya jaataa haye. baad vaalaa kaa ack udaaharan phase (1350-1355) mein bow inania madarsa kii meenar kii cheeni mitty kii sajawat parr dekhaa jaataa haye, joe "sebka" rupankan key doobe hue sthaanon key bheetar haye.
baad kaa itihas (16veen shatabdi aur usake baad).
16veen shatabdi mein uttar africa kaa adhikansh hissa ottoman shasson key adheen aaa gayaa. algeria mein, swadeshi "zelize" shally koo jyaadaatar europe seey aayatit chhoti vargakar tailon dwara pratisthaapit kiya gayaa thaa-vishesh roop seey itali, spen aur delft seey-aur kabhi-kabhi tunis seey. iss antim avadhi mein paaee jaane vaali paaramparik mozek tailon key kuchh udaaharan talemsen mein utpaadit kiye jaate rahey honge. tunisia mein, tyle sajawat kii ack aur shally, kallaline tiles, 18 veen shatabdi key dauran aam hoe gaee aur sthaaniya roop seey utpaadit kii gaee. isamen pahale kii mozek takneek key bajaay italvi myolica key samaan takneek mein, drishyon aur foolon key saath chitrit, nishchit aakar key vargakar panel shamil they.
spen mein, jahan poorv musalman-niyantrit kshetra isai shasson key tahat aae they, tyle banaane kii naee takneekon kaa vikas huaa. jaise-jaise ameer spaniard apane aavason koo sajaane key liye mudager shally kaa samarthan karate they, iss shally mein mozek tilework kii maang tyle nirmaataon key utpaadan seey adhik badh gaee, jisase unhein nae tarikon parr vichaar karane kii aavashyakta hui. 15veen shatabdi key anta aur 16veen shatabdi kii shuruat mein seville ack prakaar kii tyle key liye ack mahatvapurna utpaadan kendra bunn gayaa jise "kyunka" ("khokhla") yaa "arista" ("riz") key roop mein jaanaa jaataa haye. iss takneek mein, binaa pakey hue tyle parr ack dhaatu yaa lakadi key saanche koo dabaakar rupankanon kaa nirmaan kiya gayaa thaa, jisase mitty kii patali katakon dwara chitrit ack rupankan chhod diyaa gayaa thaa joe becking key dauran ack dusare mein raktasraav seey alag-alag rangon koo rokta thaa. yeh purani "curda seka" takneek key samaan thaa lekin badey paimaane parr utpaadan key liye adhik kushal thaa. inn tailon parr rupankanon ney "zelize" mozek parampara seey pahale key islami aur mudager designs kaa anukaran kiya yaa unhein samkaaleen europeeya prabhaavon jaise gothic yaa italvi punarjagaran key saath mishrit kiya. inn tailon key achche udaaharan 16veen shatabdi kii shuruat mein seville mein kaasa dee pilatos kii sajawat mein paae jaa sakate hain. iss prakaar kii tyle kaa utpaadan 17veen shatabdi mein achchi tarah seey kiya gayaa thaa aur ise vyaapak roop seey spen seey anya europeeya deshon aur america mein spanish upaniveshon mein niryaat kiya gayaa thaa.morakko mein, maujooda vastukala shailiyon koo apekshaakrit cumm baahari prabhaavon key saath kayam rakhaa gayaa thaa. yahaan, paaramparik "zelies" kaa upayog 15veen shatabdi key baad bhee jaari rhaa aur aaj taka iska utpaadan jaari haye. 16veen shatabdi mein saadi rajvansh key tahat aur baad kii shataabdiyon mein, morakko key bheetar "zelize" kaa upayog aur bhee adhik sarvavyaapi hoe gayaa aur adhik seey adhik satahon koo cover kiya. alawi sultan maule ismail' (1672-1727) key shasankal key dauran, mcness mein nae shaahi gadh key smaarak dwaaron key agrabhag parr "zelize" kaa vyaapak roop seey upayog kiya gayaa thaa.
sadiyon key tahat, sabse alishan imaraton kii sajawat key liye jyaamitiya pattern kii jatilata koo badhaaya gayaa thaa, jaise kii baadi mahal (abb barbad). sadian kabron mein kuchh "zelize" rachanaaen iss prakaar key "inn seetu" key sabse achche udaharanon mein seey hain. iss udaaharan mein, kaarigaron ney maheen (patale) mozek key tukadon koo niyojit kiya aur patale, raikhik tukade joe patta banaate hain, rangeen hotey hain jabaki badey tukade joe "prishthabhoomi" banaate hain, safed hotey hain. iss yojana ney aam taur parr puraane "zelize" mein dekhe jaane vaale rung key pattern koo ulat diyaa (jahaan jameen rangeen thee aur raikhik patta safed thaa).
sadee kaal key baad seey sadiyon seey, marinid epigraphic friz key liye pahale upayog kii jaane vaali "graphito" takneek morakko mein mozek key ack saral aur adhik aarthik vikalp key roop mein adhik samanya upayog mein aaee. iss prakaar kii tyle aksar badey pravesh dwaar aur portalon key spandrail parr niyojit kii jaati thee. rupankanon koo aksar paaramparik mozek "zelize" shally kii tulanaa mein apekshaakrit saral aur cumm rangeen maanaa jaataa haye. inn rangon mein rupankanon koo praapt karane key liye iss prakaar key baad key udaharanon mein kaale glaze key alawa, harey yaa neele glaze kaa bhee upayog kiya gayaa thaa. iska ack udaaharan 1913 mein nirmit phase mein baab bau jelaud gett key neele aur harey tailon vaale agrabhag parr dekhaa jaa sakata haye.
baad kii shataabdiyon mein, ack baar jyaamitiya mozek mein bahubhuj koo alag karane vaalaa interlessing strapwork abb maanak naheen thaa aur morocan shilpkaron ney teji seey badey paimaane parr rosset-shally kii jyaamitiya rachanaon kaa nirmaan kiya. iss baad kii shally kii parakashtha 19veen aur 20veen shatabdi key dauran banaae gaye mahalon mein dikhaai detee haye. iss avadhi key dauran laal, chamkila peela aur gahara neela sahit nae rangon koo bhee pallet mein pesh kiya gayaa thaa. "zelize" koo vaastushilp tatvon kii ack vyaapak shrinkhala parr niyojit kiya gayaa thaa. jyaamitiya guldaste key rupankanon kaa upayog favvaaron (yaa ack fawware key aspas kii jameen), dhanushakar darvaajon key spandrail, yaa nakkashidar gaare key mehraabon dwara banaai gaee deewaar kii satahon koo sajaane key liye kiya jaataa thaa. saral checkerboard jaise rupankanon kaa upayog guldaste kii rachanaon key liye yaa anya badee satahon koo cover karane key liye prishthabhoomi key roop mein kiya jaataa thaa. adhik aadhunik gharon aur haveli mein, yahaan taka kii belnakar stambh bhee rajdhani key star taka tilework mein dhake hue they.
aaj morakko mein, "zelize" kalaa roop morakko kii saanskritik aur kalaatmak pehchaan key vishisht lakshnon mein seey ack haye aur aadhunik morakko vastukala mein iska upayog kiya jaataa haye. phase utpaadan kaa sabse mahatvapurna kendra banaa huaa haye. anya shaharon jaise mcness, saale aur marakesh mein karyashalaen aam taur parr phase kii shilp kaushal key samaan shally kaa anukaran karati hain. iska apavaad tetoan shahar (uttari morakko mein) haye, jisane 19veen shatabdi key baad seey apane swayam key mozek "zelize" udyog kii mejbani kii haye, jisamen phase seey alag takneek kaa upayog kiya gayaa haye. paaramparik "zelize" key pattern kaa upayog abhee bhee kuchh spanish sajawati tailon mein kiya jaataa haye, lekin aadhunik spanish tailon mein jyaamitiya rupankanon koo mozek dwara banaae jaane key bajaay badee tailon parr chitrit aur beck kiya jaataa haye.
nirmaan.
"zelize" tailon koo pahale chamkile vargon mein banaaya jaataa haye, aamtaur parr 10 semi prati paksh, phir ack chhote seey aidz jaise hathaude seey haath seey katkar vibhinn prakaar key poorv-sthaapit aakaron (aamtaur parr ratte seekhane dwara yaad kiya jaataa haye) mein samagr pattern banaane key liye aavashyak hotaa haye. halanki sateek pattern mamle seey mamle mein bhinn hotey hain, antarnihit siddhant sadiyon seey sthir rahey hain aur morocan shilpkar aaj bhee unhein banaane mein nipun hain. vibhinn rangon key chhote aakaron (ack sateek trijya gaze key anusaar cutt) koo phir ack jyaamitiya sanrachana mein ack paheli key roop mein ikattha kiya jaataa haye taaki poorna mozek banaaya jaa sakey. tetoan shahar mein vishisht roop seey, "zelize" tailon koo beck karane seey pahale vaanchhit aakaron mein kaataa jaataa haye. isake parinamswarup ack kathin tamchini hoti haye joe lambe samay taka chalati haye, lekin rung utane chamkile naheen hotey hain aur tyle key tukade aam taur parr anya shaharon jaise phase mein utpaadit kii tarah kaskar ack saath fitt naheen hotey hain.
ack baar beck aur cutt jaane key baad, tailon koo jameen parr neeche rakhaa gayaa aur ichchit pattern mein ack saath ikattha kiya gayaa. tyle key peechhe key tukadon koo plaster yaa whitewash kii patali paraton key saath ack saath lepit kiya gayaa thaa. ack baar sookhane key baad, iss parat ney tyle key tukadon koo badey panels mein ack saath baandh diyaa. nasri tilework mein plaster koo esparto ghaas aur bent key dhaage key saath milaaya jaataa thaa taaki unhein adhik tanyata shakti pradaan kii jaa sakey. panels koo phir divaaron parr ack mortar yaa grout key saath chipkaya gayaa thaa. marakesh mein qutubia aur kasba masjid kii meenaron parr almohad tilework key mamle mein, tailon koo unake peechhe kii deewaar kii satah mein lakadi key dhaanche parr nakhun kiya gayaa thaa. 
roop aur pratiroop.
paaramparik "zelize" sajawat mein, vibhinn jatilataon key jyaamitiya swaroop sabse pramukh aur vyaapak rupankan they. vanaspati arabi rupankanon kaa bhee upayog kiya gayaa thaa, halanki cumm baar. jyaamitiya pattern koo tessellation key aadhar parr banaaya gayaa thaah ack satah koo cover karane kii vidhi koo una roopon key upayog key saath dohraya jaa sakata haye aur binaa overlapping yaa unake beach khaali sthaan chhode ack saath fitt kiya jaa sakata haye. inn pratirupon koo aseem roop seey badhaaya jaa sakata haye. islami kalaa mein, jyaamitiya rupankanon mein sabse mahatvapurna prakaar key tessellation niyamit bahubhuj parr adharit hain. islami kalaa key vaichaarik dhaanche key bheetar abhivyakti key iss roop ney sthaanik sajawat key nirmaan koo mahatva diyaa joe aisee chhaviyon parr islam mein pratimanvad kii varjana key anuroop, jeevit cheejon key chitran seey bachati haye. mozek tilework kii paramparaaen iran, anatolia aur bhaaratiya upmahadweep sahit islami duniya key anya hisson mein vibhinn avadhiyon mein bhee prachalit theen. jabaki purvi islami duniya mein blues aur turcoise pramukh rung they, paschimi "zelize" mein peele, harey, kaale aur halke bhoore rung bahut aam they, jisamen blues aur firoza bhee mishran mein dikhaai dete they, aur way aamtaur parr ack safed jameen key khilaf sett kiye jaate they.
paschimi islami kalaa mein, nasri aur marini rajvanshon key tahat, vastukala sajawat key liye jyaamitiya pattern kii ack badee vividhata banaai gaee thee. sabse aam mein chhah-nukili aur baarah-nukili taaraa rachanaon koo niyojit karane vaalaa ack pattern thaa, jisamen unake beach aathh-nukili taare daale gaye they. ack lokpriya pravritti chaar gunaa samroopata kii pranaliyon parr adharit pattern kaa upayog thaa. iss prakaar key namoonon kaa vyaapak roop seey anya muslim sanskritiyon mein aur poorv mein upayog kiya jaataa thaa, lekin magreb aur all-undless mein kalakaron ney apane upayog mein utkrishtata hassil kii aur kaee navacharon koo pesh kiya. ack navachar pattern kii dohrao ikai koo badaa banaana thaa, jisamen kaee alag-alag bahubhuj roopon koo shamil karate hue vyaapak rachanaaen theen. anya navacharon mein inmein seey kuchh pattern mein adhik jatil solah-nukile sitaaron kaa samavesh aur vyaapak pattern key bheetar aage "manmaane" design tatvon kaa sammilan thaa. inn navacharon ney naa kewal rupankanon kii jatilata koo badhaaya, balki unaki drishya vividhata koo bhee badhaaya. paanch gunaa samroopata seey yukt pattern kaa parivaar, joe vyaapak roop seey upayog kiya jaataa thaa aur baaki islami duniya mein vikasit kiya jaataa thaa, maghreb aur all-andalus mein cumm aam thaa. marinid avadhi key iss pattern key kuchh asadharan udaaharan phase mein all-atterin aur bouinia madrason key "zelize" tilework mein paae jaate hain, jahan badee dohrao ikaaiyon kaa upayog karke ack baar phir seey adhik drishya vividhata praapt kii gaee thee. inn udaharanon mein aur anya mein, rung key upayog key madhyam seey atirikt drishya vividhata bhee praapt kii gaee thee. tukadon key rangon koo alag karke, ack hii jyaamitiya rupankan key bheetar vibhinn pattern koo ujagar kiya jaa sakata haye.
anya prakaar kii rachanaon koo bhee niyojit kiya gayaa thaa, jinamen seey kaee bahut saral theen. kuchh mozek kewal rangeen chaukoron seey baney they. iska ack roop haye "checkerboard" jaisa pattern joe doharaane vaale vargon/logenzon seey banaa hotaa haye, joe unake pratichedanon parr aathh-nukile sitaaron key saath safed pattiyon dwara alag kiya jaataa haye. nasri key alhambra mein, kuchh "zelize" rupankanon mein interlessing ribbon yaa tracery kii rachana kii gaee thee, kabhi-kabhi darvaajon key chaaron or ack sankeern friz key hisse key roop mein yaa badey "zelize" dado key oopar daudana. alhambra key liye ack aur vishisht rupankan tathaakathit "nasri pakshi" () haye, joe ghumaavdaar baahon key saath teen-nukile taare seey banaa haye jise ack chakr jaise rupankan mein dohraya jaataa haye. ack anya rupankan mein dohare sir vaale kulhadi key samaan ack doharaae jaane vaale vakrakar roop shamil haye, joe alhambra mein paaya jaataa haye aur morakko mein tetoan key "zelize" mein bhee aam haye, jahaan ise arabi mein "chaar hathaude" ("arba matarik") key roop mein jaanaa jaataa haye. qutubia masjid kii meenar parr 12veen shatabdi key "zelliz" key samaan iss rupankan kaa ack seedha-panktibaddh sanskaran, alhambra mein bhee paaya jaataa haye, jahan ise spanish mein "huddy" ("hyuso") rupankan key roop mein sandarbhit kiya jaataa haye. ack "darj-vaa-qataf" (yaa "sebka") rupankan koo kuchh marinid tilework mein bhee niyojit kiya jaataa haye, jisamen all-attarin aur bouinania madrason key udaaharan shamil hain. kaee anya tessellated rupankanon koo pramaanit kiya gayaa haye.
zelize" key baare mein ack aramco vishva lekh mein kahaa gayaa haih
ack vishvakosh mein jatil kii poori shrinkhala naheen hoe sakati thee, aksar vyaktigat roop seey vibhinn pattern aur vyaktigat roop seey aakar, haath seey katey hue tessera, yaa "farma", joe "ziliz" kaam mein paaya jaataa haye. taaron parr adharit pratirupon kii pehchaan unake ankon kii sankhya seey kii jaati haye-12 key liye 'itnashari', 20 key liye 'ishrini', 24 key liye 'arba' vaa 'ishrini' aur isi tarah, lekin jaruri naheen kii unakaa naam sateekta key saath rakhaa jaae. 50 ankon key liye tathaakathit "khamsini" aur 100 key liye "mii 'nee" mein vaastav mein kramshah 48 aur 96 bindu hotey hain, kyonki jyaamiti key liye aavashyak haye kii iss anukram mein kissy bhee taare key binduon kii sankhya chhah seey vibhaajya hoe. (paanch aur aathh parr adharit anukram bhee hain.) ack ekal taaraa pattern key bheetar, vividhataaen prachur matra mein hoti hain-rangon key mishran, "farma" key aakar aur antar-antar tatvon kii jatilata aur aakar jaise kii patti, brad, yaa "lalten."aur phir sabhi gair-taaraa pattern hain-honeycomb, web, kadam aur kandhe, aur checkerboard.
islami sajawat aur shilp kaushal kaa paschimi kalaa parr mahatvapurna prabhaav padaa jaba venis key vyaapaari 14veen shatabdi key baad seey kaee prakaar key saamanon koo itali vaapas laae. grenada key alhambra mein "zelize" tilework key tessellation bhee 20veen shatabdi key dutch kalakar aim. key kaam key liye prerana kaa ack mahatvapurna srot they. see. esker. mozek mein tessellation vartamaan mein kalaa key ganit mein akaadamik anusandhaan mein ruchi rakhate hain. inn adhyayanon key liye naa kewal ganit, kalaa aur kalaa itihas key kshetra mein visheshagyata kii aavashyakta hoti haye, balki computer vigyaan, computer modeling aur software engineering key kshetra mein bhee visheshagyata kii aavashyakta hoti haye.
mitty.
morakko mein, phase abhee bhee kshetra mein paaee jaane vaali myocene gray mitty key kaaran "zelliz" tailon key liye ack utpaadan kendra haye. iss kshetra kii mitty mukhya roop seey caolinite seey bunny haye. phase mein aur mcness, safee aur saale sahit anya sthalon mein, mitty key liye upayog kii jaane vaali mitty kii sanrachana 27-56% mitty key khanij hain, jinamen seey 3-29% calcite haye (phase key liye lagbhag 16 pratishat). quartz aur muscovite bhee kramshah 15-29% aur 5-18% key aspas maujood hain. mariam ell owahabi, ell. dwara ack adhyayan. daudi aur nathali fagel kahate hain kih
"zelize" karigar.
"zelies" banaana apane aap mein ack kalaa maani jaati haye. kalaa koo "maa 'alem" (kushal shilpkar) dwara peedhi darr peedhi prasaarit kiya jaataa haye. aavashyak kaushal koo sthaapit karane key liye ack lambe prashikshan kii aavashyakta hoti haye aur prashikshan aamtaur parr bachpan seey shuru hotaa haye. phase mein, karigar 6 aur 14 varsh kii ayu key beach prashikshan shuru karate hain aur ausat prashikshuta lagbhag duss saal taka rahati haye, jisamen "malem" kii sthiti praapt karane key liye kaee aur varshon kii aavashyakta hoti haye. 1993 mein, morakko sarkaar ney bachche key adhikaaron (see. aar. see.) parr sammelan kii pushti kii, 15 varsh seey cumm umr key bachchon koo kaam parr rakhane kii pratha koo samaapt curr diyaa joe khatarnak haye yaa unaki shiksha mein baadha daaltaa haye, lekin 2019 key ack adhyayan mein bataaya gayaa haye kii bachchon koo prashikshit karane kaa abhyaas jaari haye. abb yuva loga morakko key 58 karigar vidyaalayon mein seey ack mein "zelliz" banaana seekhate hain. haalaanki, shilp seekhane mein ruchi cumm hoe rahee haye. 2018 taka, phase mein ack karigar school mein 400 namankit chhatron key saath kewal 7 chhaatr "zelies" banaana seekhate hain.

