
kofta

cofta meatball yaa meetlof vyanjanon kaa ack parivaar haye joe balcon, madhya purvi, uttar african, dakshin caucasian, dakshin asiai aur madhya asiai vyanjanon mein paaya jaataa haye. sabse saral roop mein, cofta mein chhote seey maans kii genden hoti hain-aam taur parr gomans, murgi, suar kaa maans, bhed kaa bachcha yaa mutton, yaa masalon aur kabhi-kabhi anya avayavon key saath mishrit mishran. sabse pahale gyaat vyanjan praarambhik arab paak-pustakon mein paae jaate hain aur jameen key bhed key bachche key liye coll karate hain. 
kaee rashtriya aur kshetriya bhinnataaen hain. sabji aur binaa pakey sanskaran bhee hain. aakar alag-alag hotey hain aur isamen genden, patty aur cylinder shamil hotey hain. aakar aamtaur parr ack golf gend seey laker ack narangi gend taka bhinn hotey hain.
vyutpatti.
angreji mein, "cofta" ack udhaar liya gayaa shabd haye jisase samkaaleen roop seey shaastriya farsi seey liya gayaa haye. urdu bhasha mein iss shabd kaa sabse purana upayog varsh 1665 seey mullah nusrat key "aalee naam" mein pramaanit kiya gayaa haye. iska upayog pahali baar 1832 mein "kaanoon-aeye-islam" mein angreji mein kiya gayaa thaa, aur phir 1883 mein james wies dwara. cofta key mool kshetra kii bhaashaon ney mamuli dhvanyaatmak bhinnataon key saath shabd koo apanaaya haye. isi tarah key khaadya padarthon koo anya bhaashaon mein croquet, pakaude, meatball, risol aur turnover kahaa jaataa haye.
itihas.
cofta key liye vyanjanon kii pahali upasthiti sabse purani arab paak-pustakon mein haye. kesar aur andey kii jardi key mishran mein teen baar chamakate hue badey jameen key bhed key bachche key meatball key liye sabse shuruati vyanjan hain. yeh glazing vidhi paschim mein fail gaee, jahan ise "gilding" yaa "endering" key roop mein sandarbhit kiya jaataa haye. kofta bhaarat chaley gaye; alaan davidson key anusaar, nargisi kofta koo mugal darbar mein parosa jaataa thaa.
bhaaratiya upmahadweep seey madhya asia, madhya poorv, balcon aur uttari africa key madhyam seey cofta paae jaate hain. afghanistan, albania, bosnia aur herzegovina, bulgaria, georgia, armenia, lebnan, azerbaijan, grees, bhaarat, iran, morakko, pakistan, romania, serbia aur turkey key paaramparik vyanjanon mein cofta paae jaate hain. turkey mein yeh "sabhi prakaar key sampradayik samarohon mein ack pasandida peshkash haye", angreji key anusaar. armenia aur azerbaijan mein yeh, dolma, lavash, harisa, kabaab aur pahalwa key saath, "spasht roop seey prateekaatmak jaatiya mahatva" kaa ack vyanjan haye, jiss parr aksar gastronationalists dwara apane desh key paaramparik vyanjanon mein seey ack key roop mein daavaa karane kaa prayaas kiya jaataa haye, jise dusare desh dwara saha-chunaa gayaa haye. cofta assyrian logon key beach ack lokpriya vyanjan haye.
vividhataaen.
aam taur parr maans koo masalon aur aksar anya avayavon jaise chawal, bulgur, sabjiyaan yaa andey key saath milaaya jaataa haye taaki pest banaaya jaa sakey. inhen grill, talaa, bhaap mein pakaaya, pakaaya, pakaaya yaa marinet kiya jaa sakata haye, aur ack samriddh masaledar chutney key saath yaa soop yaa stoo mein parosa jaa sakata haye. kabhi-kabhi laal maans key bajaay machhali yaa sabjiyon seey kofta banaae jaate hain. kuchh sanskaran meve, panir yaa andon seey bharey hotey hain. aam taur parr aakar "ack narangi key aakar seey laker ack golf gend key aakar taka" bhinn hoe sakata haye, halanki kuchh roop usa seema key baahar hain; "tabridge coftacy", joe vyaas mein ausat haye, sabse badey hain. inhen patties, gend yaa cylinder sahit vibhinn roopon mein aakar diyaa jaa sakata haye. kuchh sanskaran binaa pakaaye hain.