
aich. aim. aiss. iron duke (1912)

aich. aim. aiss. "iron duke" shaahi nausena kaa ack bhayaanak yuddhapot thaa, joe usaki shreni kaa pramukh jahaaj thaa, jiska naam arther valesley, 1 vein duke off wellington key sammaan mein rakhaa gayaa thaa. usey portsmouth dockyard dwara banaaya gayaa thaa, aur janwari 1912 mein usaki keel rakhee gaee thee. duss maheene baad launch kiya gayaa, usey march 1914 mein bede key pramukh key roop mein gharelu bede mein shamil kiya gayaa thaa. vaha duss bandookon kii mukhya battery seey lais thee aur duss bandookon kii uchch gati mein saksham thee.
"iron duke" ney pratham vishva yuddh key dauran jutland kii ladaai sahit bhavya bede key pramukh key roop mein kaary kiya. vahaan, usane mukhya bede kii kaarravaai kii shuruat mein german yuddhapot koo mahatvapurna nuksan pahunchaaya. janwari 1917 mein, unhein bede key pramukh key roop mein raahat millie. yuddh key baad, "iron duke" bhoomadhyasagariya bede key pramukh key roop mein bhoomadhyasagariya mein sanchaalit huaa. unhone kaalaa sagar mein russie grihyuddh aur greco-turkey yuddh donon mein sahayogi hastakshep mein bhaag liya. unhone smirna seey sharanarthiyon koo nikaalane mein bhee sahaayata kii. 1926 mein, unhein atlantic bede mein niyukt kiya gayaa thaa, jahan unhone ack prashikshan jahaaj key roop mein kaary kiya.
"iron duke" kewal kuchh aur varshon key liye sakriya kartavya parr rhaa; 1930 mein, landan nausena sandhi ney nirdisht kiya kii chaar "iron duke"-shreni key yuddhpoton koo samaapt curr diyaa jaae yaa anyatha unakaa sainyikaran curr diyaa jaae. "iron duke" koo isaliye ack tope prashikshan jahaaj mein parivartit curr diyaa gayaa thaa; usake kavach aur usake adhikansh shastragar koo hataa diyaa gayaa thaa taaki vaha yuddh key liye ayogya hoe jaae. unhone sitambar 1939 mein dwiteeya vishva yuddh key prakop taka iss kshamata mein seva kii, jaba unhein ack bandargah raksha jahaaj key roop mein scapa pravaah mein baandh diyaa gayaa thaa. octuber mein, vaha german bamvarshakon dwara buri tarah seey kshatigrast hoe gaee thee aur doobane seey bachane key liye usey jameen seey kuchal diyaa gayaa thaa. unhone yuddh kii avadhi key liye ack vimaan-rodhi munch key roop mein kaam karna jaari rakhaa, aur antatah 1940 key dashak key anta mein unhein phir seey banaaya gayaa aur scrap key liye toda diyaa gayaa.
design.
1911 key nirmaan karyakram mein chaar "lauh duke" shreni key yuddhpoton kaa adesh diyaa gayaa thaa, aur yeh pichhale kii tulanaa mein ack vriddhisheel sudhaar thaa. donon designs key beach praathamik parivartan nae jahaajon mein ack bhaari dwiteeyak battery kaa pratisthaapan thaa. "iron duke" samagr roop seey lamba thaa aur isamen ack beam aur ausat draft thaa. vaha design key anusaar aur poorna bhaar parr visthaapit hoe gaee. usaki pranodan pranali mein chaar parson bhaap turbine shamil they, jisamen athaarah babcock aur wilcox boiler dwara pradaan kii gaee bhaap thee. injanon koo mulyankan kiya gayaa thaa aur unaki uchch gati kaa utpaadan kiya gayaa thaa. uska paribhraman trijya adhik kifayati thaa. "iron duke" key paas 995 adhikaariyon aur ratings kaa ack dall thaa, halanki yuddh key samay yeh badhkar 1,022 hoe gayaa.
"iron duke" duss bee. ell. aim. key. vee. nausainik bandookon kii mukhya battery seey lais thaa joe paanch judvaan bandook burjon mein luggy hui thee. unhein dou superfiring jode mein vyavasthit kiya gayaa thaa, ack aage aur ack peechhe; paanchvaan burj funnel aur peechhe kii oopari sanrachana key beach sthit thaa. tarpedo naukaaon key khilaf nikat-doori kii raksha baarah bee. ell. 6-inch aim. key. vee. aaee. bandookon kii ack dwiteeyak battery dwara pradaan kii gaee thee. jahaaj mein 3 inch kii 20 see. doubleu. tii. vimaan-rodhi bandookon aur chaar 3-pounder bandookon kii ack jodee bhee luggy thee. jaisa kii usa avadhi key pramukh jahaajon key liye vishisht thaa, vaha chaude hisse mein dooby hui chaar tarpedo tubes seey lais thee.
"iron duke" koo ack mukhya bakhtarband belt dwara sanrakshit kiya gayaa thaa joe jahaaj kii golaa-barud patrikaon aur injan aur boiler kamaron key oopar motee thee, aur dhanush aur stern kii or cumm hoe gaee thee. uska deck jahaaj key madhya bhaag mein motaa thaa, aur kaheen aur cumm hoe gayaa thaa. mukhya battery burj key chehare motey they, aur burjon koo motee barbets dwara samarthit kiya gayaa thaa.
seva itihas.
"iron duke" koo 12 janwari 1912 koo portsmouth dockyard mein rakhaa gayaa thaa aur usee varsh 12 octuber koo launch kiya gayaa thaa. fitting-out kaam puuraa karane key baad, unhone 25 navambar 1913 koo samudri pareekshan shuru kiye. jahaaj march 1914 mein puuraa huaa, aur vaha apane parikshanon koo puuraa karane key baad gharelu bede mein shamil hoe gaeen. gharelu bede mein, unhone admiral surr george kailghan key pramukh key roop mein kaary kiya. 29 julaai 1914 koo, jaise hii mahadweep parr yuddh shuru huaa, "iron duke" aur baaki gharelu bede koo ack sambhaavit german aakasmik hamale seey bede kii raksha key liye portland seey scapa pravaah key liye aage badhane kaa adesh diyaa gayaa.
pratham vishva yuddh.
agast 1914 mein, pratham vishva yuddh key prakop key baad, gharelu bede koo bhavya bede key roop mein punargathit kiya gayaa thaa; "iron duke" bede kaa pramukh banaa rhaa, abb admiral surr johnn jeliko key adheen. 22 navambar 1914 kii shaam koo, bhavya bede ney uttari samudra key dakshini aadhe hisse mein ack nishfal sweep kiya; wies admiral david beaty key pahale battlecruzer squadron key samarthan mein "iron duke" mukhya nikaay key saath khadaa thaa. 27 navambar taka bedaa scapa pravaah mein bandargah parr vaapas aaa gayaa thaa. "iron duke" aur adhikansh bedaa shuru mein 16 disambar 1914 koo scarbero, hartlepool aur whiteby parr german chhaape key dauran bandargah mein rhaa, halanki kshetra mein british balon koo majboot karane key liye teesari yuddh squadron bheji gaee thee. baaki german bede key samudra mein honey kii sambhavana key baare mein aage kii jaankaari praapt karane key baad, jeliko ney bede koo germans koo rokane kii koshish karane kaa adesh diyaa, halanki usa samay taka way pahale hii peechhe hutt chuke they. "iron duke" 23 aur 24 disambar koo hebride key uttar mein tope abhyaas key liye dusare aur chauthe yuddh squadron key saath samudra mein gayaa. agale dinn, baaki bede uttari samudra mein ack sweep key liye "iron duke" mein shamil hoe gaye, joe 27 disambar koo samaapt huaa.
"iron duke" aur baaki bede ney orkani aur shetland key paschim mein janwari 1915 mein bandook abhyaas kiya. 23 janwari kii shaam koo, bhavya bede kaa badaa hissa beaty key yuddh cruiser bede key samarthan mein ravaana huaa, lekin "iron duke" aur baaki bede agale dinn dogger baink kii agami ladaai mein shamil naheen hue. operation seey lautane parr, "iron duke" refit key liye invergorden mein gaee; jaba vaha door thee, asthaayi bede key pramukh key roop mein kaam kiya. 23 farwari taka kaam puuraa hoe gayaa, jisake baad vaha scapa flow mein laut aaee. 7-10 march parr, bhavya bede ney uttari uttar samudra mein ack sweep kaa sanchaalan kiya, jisake dauran isane prashikshan yuddhabhyas kiya. iss tarah kaa ack aur cruze 16-19 march parr huaa. 11 aprail koo, bhavya bede ney madhya uttar samudra mein gasht kii aur 14 aprail koo bandargah parr laut aaya; kshetra mein ack aur gasht 17-19 aprail koo hui, jisake baad 20-21 aprail koo shetland seey gunry abhyaas kiya gayaa.
bhavya bede ney kissy bhee german jahaajon kaa saamana kiye binaa 17-19 parr madhya uttar samudra mein ack sweep kiya. 25 maee koo, "iron duke" ney nae pahale samudri swami admiral heinry jackson seey milane key liye jeliko koo rosith leey jaaya. "iron duke" 28 maee koo scapa pravaah mein laut aaya, samay parr 29-31 maee koo uttari samudra mein ack aur sweep mein bhaag lene key liye. scapa pravaah mein lautane key baad, "iron duke" turant chromarty key liye ravaana hoe gayaa. bede ney juuna key madhya mein tope prashikshan kaa sanchaalan kiya. "iron duke", doosara yuddh squadron, aur pahala cruiser squadron ney 2 agast koo chromarty mein tope prashikshan kaa sanchaalan kiya; abhyaas puuraa karane key baad, jahaaj scapa pravaah mein laut aae. 7 agast koo, jahaaj phir seey ack aur baithak key liye jeliko koo chromorty leey gayaa, iss baar pradhaan mantri key saath. aich. esquith. "iron duke" 16 agast taka scapa pravaah mein vaapas aaa gayaa thaa.
2 seey 5 sitambar koo, bedaa uttari samudra key uttari chhor parr ack aur cruze parr gayaa aur tope abhyaas kiya. poore maheene key dauran, bhavya bede ney kaee prashikshan abhyaas kiye. "iron duke" 1 octuber koo ack aur refiting avadhi key liye invergorden mein gayaa-kaam 11 octuber taka chalaa. dou dinn baad, adhikansh bede ney uttari samudra mein ack aur sweep kiya, 15 octuber koo bandargah parr laut aae. 2 seey 5 navambar koo, "iron duke" ney orkani key paschim mein ack anya bede key prashikshan abhiyaan mein bhaag liya. 1 seey 4 disambar koo aisaa hii ack aur cruze huaa. baad mein maheene mein, "iron duke" ney tope abhyaas mein bhaag liya, aur unake dauran, jahaaj key bandukdhariyon kii sateekta nirdhaarit karane key liye ack prakaar kaa prayog kiya. jeliko ney nishkarsh nikala kii "parinam bahut santoshjanak thaa."
"12 janwari 1916 koo scapa pravaah mein "iron duke" tanker seey takra gayaa, aur baad vaalaa doob gayaa. tanker ack tej aandhi key dauran dheela hoe gayaa thaa, jisamen havaayen chala rahee theen. "durghatana mein "iron duke" koo koee nuksan naheen huaa thaa. tope abhyaas aur squadron abhyaas kii vishisht dincharya janwari mein hui. bedaa 26 farwari koo uttari samudra mein ack cruze key liye ravaana huaa; jeliko ney heligoland bite koo saaf karane key liye harvich bull kaa upayog karane kaa irada rakhaa thaa, lekin kharaab mausam ney dakshini uttari samudra mein sanchaalan koo roque diyaa. natijatan, operation samudra key uttari chhor taka seemit thaa. 25 march kii raat koo, "iron duke" aur baaki bede ney scapa pravaah seey yuddh cruiser bede aur anya halke balon kaa samarthan karane key liye yatra kii, jinhone tondern mein german zepelin adde parr chhaapa maaraa. 26 march koo jaba taka bhavya bedaa kshetra key paas pahuncha, taba taka british aur german senaa pahale hii alag hoe chuki thee aur ack gambhir toofaan ney halke jahaaz koo khatare mein daal diyaa thaa. "iron duke" ney vidhvansakon koo scapa mein vaapas leey jaane kaa margadarshan kiya, jabaki baaki bede swatantra roop seey sevaanivritt hoe gaye.
21 aprail koo, bhavya bede ney germans koo vichalit karane key liye horn reif kaa pradarshan kiya, jabaki russie nausena ney baltic samudra mein apane rakshaatmak khadanon koo phir seey sthaapit kiya. 24 aprail koo bedaa scapa pravaah mein laut aaya aur khufiya reports key jawab mein dakshin kii or badhane seey pahale eendhan bhar diyaa kii german sabse nichale star parr ack chhaapa maarne vaale they. haalaanki, germans key peechhe hatane key baad taka bhavya bedaa iss kshetra mein naheen aaya thaa. 2 seey 4 maee koo, bede ney uttari samudra parr german dhyaan kendrit rakhane key liye horn reif seey ack aur pradarshan kiya.
jutland kii ladaai.
bhavya bede key ack hisse koo lubhaane aur nasht karane key prayaas mein, german uchch samudra bedaa, jisamen 16 dreadnoff, chhah pree-dreadnoff, chhah halke cruiser aur 31 tarpedo naukaaen shamil theen, 31 maee kii subah jaldi jaid seey ravaana hoe gaye. bede ney rear admiral franz wonn hipper key paanch yuddhpoton aur sahayak cruiser aur tarpedo naukaaon key saath sangeet karyakram mein yatra kii. shaahi nausena key kamare 40 ney operation kii yojanaon vaale german radio yatayat koo roque diyaa thaa aur usey decrypt kiya thaa. nausena ney vishal bede koo adesh diyaa, kull 28 dreadnoff aur 9 yuddhpoton koo, uchch samudra key bede koo kaatane aur nasht karane key liye raat seey pahale chhaantane key liye. yuddh key dinn, "iron duke" chauthe yuddh squadron key saath bhaap mein udaaya gayaa thaa, aur british line mein 9 vaan jahaaj thaa.
praarambhik kaarravaai mukhya roop seey dopahar mein british aur german yuddh cruiser sanrachanaon dwara ladee gaee thee, lekin 18:00 dwara, bhavya bedaa drishya key paas pahuncha. lagbhag 18:14 parr, dou badey-calori gole "iron duke" key paas gir gaye lekin koee nuksan naheen huaa. pandrah minut baad, "iron duke" ney german bede key prabhaavi topon kii seema koo bund curr diyaa thaa-kuchh-aur aag key neeche khunkhar leey liya thaa. "iron duke" kaa pahala salvo cumm hoe gayaa, lekin agale teen lakshya parr they; jahaaj key bandukdhari ney german yuddhapot parr cumm seey cumm chhah hitt kaa daavaa kiya. vaastav mein, unhone "conig" parr saat hitt kiye they aur mahatvapurna nuksan pahunchaaya thaa.
19:00 key turant baad, viklang german cruiser key aspas ladaai-joe pahale sagaai mein buri tarah seey kshatigrast hoe gayaa thaa-phir seey shuru hui. "iron duke" ney apang cruiser aur paas key vidhvansak parr apani dwiteeyak battery key saath 19:11 parr golibari shuru curr dee. "iron duke" key bandukdhariyon ney ack vidhvansak koo doobane aur dusare koo maarne kaa daavaa kiya, lekin vaastav mein way apane lakshyon koo poori tarah seey chook gaye they. isake turant baad, german vidhvansakon ney british rekha parr tarpedo hamla karane kaa prayaas kiya; "iron duke" ney 19:24 parr golibari shuru curr dee. vidhvansak key doobane kaa shreya "iron duke" key salvo koo diyaa jaataa haye, lekin nausena key itihaaskaar johnn campbelle key anusaar, yeh nirdhaarit karna mushkil haye kii kiss jahaaj ney hathapai mein kaun seey gole daage.
german vidhvansak hamale key baad, uchch samudra key bede ney peechhe hatna shuru curr diyaa, aur "iron duke" aur baaki bhavya bede ney yuddh mein aage koee kaarravaai naheen dekhi. yeh, aanshik roop seey, german bede key sateek sthaan aur pathyakram parr "iron duke" parr bhram key kaaran thaa; iss jaankaari key binaa, jeliko apane bede koo kaarravaai mein naheen laa sakaa. 21:30 parr, bhavya bede ney apane raat key samay paribhraman gathan mein punargathan karna shuru curr diyaa. 1 juuna kii subah, vishal bede ney kshatigrast german jahaajon kii talash mein kshetra mein talashi lii, lekin kaee ghante khoj karane key baad, unhein koee naheen milaa. "iron duke" scapa flow mein laut aaya, 11:30 parr pahuncha. ladaai key dauran, "iron duke" ney apani mukhya battery seey nabbe round daage they, saath hii apani doosari bandookon seey pachas round daage they.
uttar samudra mein baad kii kaarravaai.
18 agast koo, germans ney phir seey chhantaai kii, iss baar sunderland parr bambari karane key liye; yojnakar ney beaty key yuddhpoton koo baahar nikaalane aur unhein nasht karane kii ummeed kii. british sanket khufiya german wireless prasaran koo decrypt karate hain, jisase jeliko koo ack nirnaayak ladaai mein shamil honey key prayaas mein bhavya bede koo tainaat karane key liye paryaapt samay milata haye. haalaanki, 19 agast 1916 kii kaarravaai mein apane virodhiyon kii pandubbiyon key nuksan key baad donon paksh peechhe hutt gaeh british cruiser aur donon koo german yuu-naukaaon dwara tarpedo kiya gayaa aur duba diyaa gayaa, aur german yuddhapot koo british pandubbi dwara kshatigrast curr diyaa gayaa. bandargah parr lautane key baad, jeliko ney ack adesh jaari kiya jisamen khaanon aur yuu-naukaaon seey bhaari jokhim key kaaran uttari samudra key dakshini aadhe hisse mein bede koo jokhim mein daalane parr pratibandh lagaa diyaa gayaa thaa, jaba taka kii nirnaayak judaav mein uchch samudra key bede koo haraane kii sambhavana adhik naa hoe.
jutland key baad, shaahi nausena ney nirdhaarit kiya kii kshaitij suraksha, vishesh roop seey golaa-barud patrikaon parr, aparyaapt thee. natijatan, bhavya bede mein kaee jahaajon mein atirikt kavach sthaapit they; octuber mein iss kaam key liye "iron duke" dock mein chalaa gayaa. jahaaj mein kavach jodane kaa kaam disambar taka puuraa hoe gayaa thaa. 28 navambar 1916 koo, jaba vaha abhee bhee dry dock mein thee, admiral beaty ney grand fleet key commander key roop mein jeliko kii jagah lii; "iron duke" ney janwari 1917 taka apane pramukh key roop mein kaary kiya, jaba vaha sthanantarit hoe gayaa. 1918 mein, vimaan key liye udaan munch "iron duke" aiss "bee" aur "kyu" burj parr sthaapit kiye gaye they.
yuddh key baad kaa currier.
march 1919 mein, "iron duke" koo bhoomadhyasagariya bede mein sthanantarit curr diyaa gayaa, jahan unhone phir seey pramukh key roop mein kaary kiya. russie grihyuddh mein sahayogi hastakshep mein bhaag lene key liye jahaaj aprail mein kaalaa samudra mein gayaa. raaste mein, jahaaj 7 aprail koo sthir logon mein ruka. vahaan, "iron duke" yuddhpoton aur anya samagriyon key vinash mein shamil thaa jinka upayog bolshevikon dwara kiya jaa sakata thaa. 12 maee koo, "iron duke" ney constantinople seey smirna taka kii yatra kii, jahan unhone shahar key kuchh baahari kilon parr kabja karane key liye ack landing party pradaan kii. vaha kaalaa samudra mein laut aaee, jahan vaha juuna taka rahee, jaba vaha bhoomadhya sagar mein lauti.
"iron duke" 1919 key anta mein kaalaa samudra mein laut aaya. vaha 12 octuber koo novorosisk pahunchi, jahan vaha safed russie sanrakshit cruiser "" general cornelov "" seey millie.  14 octuber koo jahaaj sevastopol mein ruka. "iron duke" 19 janwari 1920 koo novorosisk laut aaya. 25 janwari koo, vaha yalta aur sevastopol key bandargaahon mein vahaan key safed rusiyon kii sthiti kaa nireekshan karane key liye rookie. 17 juuna koo, "iron duke" key tata dalon aur vidhvansak ney kaale samudra parr bosperous kii raksha karane vaale kilon mein turkey bandookon koo nasht curr diyaa.
2 sitambar 1922 koo, "iron duke" ack prashikshan cruze key liye dalmetiya tata parr jaa rhaa thaa, jaba usey turkey mein yunani haar kii khabar millie. bhoomadhyasagariya bede key commander admiral osmond brock ney "iron duke" koo smirna kii or badhane kaa adesh diyaa, jahan unhein gadbadi kii ummeed thee. vahaan, unhone shahar seey yunani sharanarthiyon kii nikasi mein bhaag lene vaale british nausena balon key pramukh key roop mein kaary kiya. vaha usa bheeshan aag key dauran maujood thee jisane shahar koo tabah curr diyaa thaa. arajakta key dauran, kaee sharanarthi chhoti naukaaon mein "iron duke" key saath aaney mein kamyab rahey, aur unhein yuddhapot parr laaya gayaa. agale maheene, sahyogiyon ney greco-turkey vivaad mein madhyasthata karane key liye mudania mein "iron duke" parr ack sammelan aayojit kiya. isake baad jahaaj sthir logon kii or badhaa.
navambar 1924 mein, "queen elizabeth" ney bhoomadhyasagariya bede key pramukh key roop mein "iron duke" koo mukt curr diyaa; "iron duke" koo phir teesare yuddh squadron, bhoomadhyasagariya bede mein sthanantarit curr diyaa gayaa, jahan vaha squadron flagship bunn gaee. march 1926 mein teesari squadron koo atlantic bede mein sthanantarit curr diyaa gayaa thaa, jahan iska upayog ack prashikshan squadron key roop mein kiya gayaa thaa. "iron duke" iss avadhi key dauran 30 maee 1928 taka squadron flagship banaa rhaa, jaba usey usaki bahan "" bembo "" seey raahat millie.  1927 mein, nausena ney "iron duke" aur usake bahan jahaajon mein anty-tarpedo bulz jodane parr vichaar kiya, lekin yojana koo khariz curr diyaa gayaa kyonki 1922 kii washington nausena sandhi kii sharton key tahat jahaajon koo 1931-1932 mein badala jaanaa thaa aur yojana kifayati naheen thee. usa varsh, "iron duke" key "bee" burj parr lagey vimaan prakshepan-munch koo hataa diyaa gayaa thaa. jahaaj maee 1928 mein ack aavadhik refit key liye dry dock mein chalaa gayaa; kaam maee 1929 taka chalaa. dou vimaan-rodhi bandooken aage kii sanrachana parr sthaapit kii gaeen. iss avadhi key dauran "kyu" burj parr vimaan key munch koo bhee hataa diyaa gayaa thaa.
"iron duke" 30 maee 1929 koo seva mein laut aaya, jaba usey ack topkhaane prashikshan jahaaj key roop mein niyukt kiya gayaa thaa. haalaanki, unhone kewal dedh saal key liye iss kshamata mein seva kii. navambar 1931 mein, landan nausena sandhi kii sharton key tahat, "iron duke" koo nirastra curr diyaa gayaa aur ack topkhaane key prashikshan pott mein parivartit curr diyaa gayaa. yeh kaam 21 sitambar 1932 taka chalaa, jaba unhein nae samudri parikshanon key liye niyukt kiya gayaa. jahaaj key "bee" aur "vaaee" burjon koo bhee hataa diyaa gayaa thaa, aur "bee" barbet key oopar vibhinn prakaar kii kaee chhoti bandooken sthaapit kii gaee theen. dou vimaan-rodhi bandooken bhee sthaapit kii gaeen, lekin inhen baad mein 1935 mein hataa diyaa gayaa. vimaan-rodhi bandookon key liye ack uchch-konn nideshak koo bhee eft rangefinder key sthaan parr jodaa gayaa thaa. sainyikaran key dauran usake belt kavach seey steel key oopar seey hataa diyaa gayaa thaa; kull milakar, jahaaj seey samagri koo hataa diyaa gayaa thaa aur jodaa gayaa thaa. jahaaj koo 4 octuber 1932 koo devonport mein phir seey ack tope prashikshan jahaaj key roop mein phir seey commission kiya gayaa thaa. unhein film "braun onn resolution" mein dikhaaya gayaa thaa, joe maee 1935 mein release hui thee. 16 julaai 1935 koo, vaha king george banaam key liye thook mein rajat jayanti bede kii sameeksha mein upasthit theen. unhone 20 maee 1937 koo george vee key liye ack aur bede kii sameeksha, rajyabhishek sameeksha mein bhaag liya. 1939 mein, ack judvaan qf 5.25-inch dohare uddeshya vaali bandook mount koo "vaaee" barbet key ack feat parr sthaapit kiya gayaa thaa.
dwiteeya vishva yuddh.
dwiteeya vishva yuddh key dauran, unakaa upayog ack aadhar jahaaj aur scapa pravaah mein ack tairate vimaan-rodhi munch key roop mein kiya gayaa thaa. usaki doosari bandookon koo hataa diyaa gayaa aur aadhar key aspas tateey raksha key liye upayog kiya gayaa. 17 octuber 1939 koo, chaar junkers ney julaai 88 key madhyam bamvarshakon ney scapa pravaah parr hamla kiya, aur kaee nikat miss key saath "iron duke" koo kshatigrast curr diyaa. usey doobane seey rokane key liye, usake chaalak dall koo jahaaj koo kuchalana padaa. 16 march 1940 koo jahaaj, joe abhee bhee tata parr thaa, parr "luftwafe" vimaan dwara phir seey hamla kiya gayaa. iss baar, athaarah julaai 88 ney bandargah aur aspas key pratishthanon parr hamla kiya. "iron duke" phir seey buri tarah seey kshatigrast hoe gayaa thaa, jaisa kii bhaari cruiser thaa.
scapa pravaah mein jahaaj kii upasthiti ney operation reinbung key dauran germans kii yojanaon koo prabhaavit kiya hoga, maee 1941 mein yuddhapot kii atlantic sorty. german havaai tohi ney "iron duke" aur dou dikoy yuddhpoton, vyaapaari jahaajon koo dekhaa jinhen bandargah mein badala lene vaale yuddhpoton kii tarah dikhane key liye lakadi aur canvas key saath chhipaaya gayaa thaa, aur galati seey unhein gharelu bede kii sakriya ikaaiyon key roop mein pahachaana. iss galat dhaarana key tahat kii gharelu bede kii bhaari ikaaiyaan abhee bhee bandargah mein theen, german bede key commander, gunthar lutegens ney denmark jaldamroomadhya key madhyam seey atlantic mein pravesh karane kaa faisala kiya, jisake parinamswarup denmark jaldamroomadhya kii ladaai hui.
jahaaj kii marammat baad mein kii gaee aur yuddh kii avadhi key liye ack bandargah jahaaj key roop mein seva mein vaapas aaa gayaa, halanki vaha tata parr hii rahee. "iron duke" march 1946 taka shaahi nausena kii soochi mein rahee, jaba usey dhaatu udyogon koo scrapping key liye becha gayaa, joe abhee bhee scapa pravaah mein haye. jahaaj koo 19 aprail 1946 koo phir seey tairaaya gayaa aur 19 agast koo ise faslen mein sthanantarit curr diyaa gayaa. sitambar 1948 mein, unhein phir seey betch diyaa gayaa aur 30 navambar 1948 koo glassgo mein sthanantarit curr diyaa gayaa, aur baad mein unhein bhang curr diyaa gayaa. "iron duke" kii ghanti winchester cathedral mein pradarshit kii gaee haye. jahaaj key kuchh lakadi kaa upayog smaarak smriti chinh banaane key liye kiya jaataa thaa, jisamen aksar unaki utpatti kaa varnan karane vaali pattika hoti thee.