
nick turs

nick turs (janm 1975) ack americi khoji patrakaar, itihaaskaar aur lekhak hain. way blogg tomdispatch key sahayogi sampaadak aur shodh nideshak hain aur rashtra sansthaan mein ack saathi hain.
shiksha.
turs ney 1999 mein rutgers vishvavidyalaya-newark seey itihas mein ma kii upaadhi praapt kii aur 2005 mein kolambiya vishvavidyalaya key kalaa aur vigyaan key snaatak vidyalaya (jee. aiss. aeye. aiss.) seey samaaj chikitsa vigyaan mein doctorate kii upaadhi praapt kii. ack snaatak chhaatr key roop mein, turs harvard vishvavidyalaya key radcliffe sansthaan mein 2010-2011 mein unnat adhyayan key liye aur newyork vishvavidyalaya key sanyukt raajya america aur sheet yuddh key kendra mein ack saathi they. unhone kolambiya vishvavidyalaya mein itihas aur naitikta key liye melman school key saarvajanik swaasthya kendra mein ack sahayogi anusandhaan vaigyaanik key roop mein bhee kaam kiya.
2001 mein, yuu mein shodh karate hue.aiss. rashtriya abhilekhagar, turs ney ack panchbhuj kaary bull key record kii khoj kii jise viyatnam yuddh aparaadh kaary samooh kahaa jaataa haye joe merey laaee narsamhar key parinamswarup banaaya gayaa thaa. yeye abhilekh unake doctorate shodh prabandh kaa kendra bunn gaye, "kuchh bhee joe chalata haih sanyukt raajya america key yuddh aparaadh aur viyatnam mein atyachar, 1965-1973.
carrier.
turs blogg tomdispatch mein ack yogdan lekhak hain. unhone dakshin sudan, yuu mein jaatiya safai jaise vishayon parr "dha guardian", "dha newyork times", "dha loss angils times", "harper patrika", "wies news" aur bee. bee. see. jaise prakashanon key liye likhaa haye.aiss. africa mein sainya, video game udyog, sadak kalaa, afghanistan mein yuddh aur viyatnam yuddh. unhone "saine francisco chronicle", "dha delly beast", "asia times" aur anya prakashanon key liye pustakon kii bhee sameeksha kii haye.
dakshin sudani grihyuddh.
turs ney dakshin sudan key grihyuddh key baare mein bataaya haye joe 2013 mein shuru huaa thaa, jisamen "harper" key liye ack sarkari jaatiya safai abhiyaan kii jaanch bhee shamil thee, aur dakshin sudan key grihyuddh parr ack pustak likhi, "agali baar way mritakon kii ginati karane key liye aaenge. manvadhikar nigrani key karyakari nideshak keneth roth ney likhaa, "turs aam logon key khilaf bhayaanak apraadhon kaa ack gambhir vivaran detaa haye joe dakshin sudan key sangharsh koo paribhaashit kartaa haye. vaha darshaata haye kii kaise mritakon koo ginane, apraadhon kii jaanch karane aur apraadhiyon koo nyaay key katghare mein laane key prayaas abb taka whiffle rahey hain. unakaa sammohak vivaran hamein yaad dilaata haye kii jawabdehi kyon tatkaal aur aavashyak haye."" "loss angils kii pustakon kii sameeksha" "mein kahaa gayaa haye kii turs" "disambar 2013 mein isake patan key baad seey dakshin sudan kii peedaa kaa ack teekha aur gaharaai seey report kiya gayaa vivaran detaa haye." "agali baar jaba way mritakon kii ginati karane key liye aaenge" "2016 key khoji samvaaddaataon aur sampadakon, ink key liye ack antim thaa. pustak puraskar.
drone key kagjat.
turs "dha intercept" mein khoji dall kaa hissa they, jisane vishesh karyakram reporting key liye 2016 newyork press club puraskar aur "drone pappers" key liye khoji detta patrakaarita key liye 2016 online patrakaarita sangh puraskar jeetaa thaa. "intercept" ney yuu key aantarik karyon kaa vivaran dene vaale gupt dastavejon kaa ack sangrah praapt kiya thaa.aiss. afghanistan, yaman aur somalia mein senaa kaa hatyaa karyakram. ack whisselbloer dwara pradaan kiye gaye dastavejon ney rashtrapati obama key drone yuddhon kii ack abhootpoorv jhalak pesh kii.
"loss angils times" shrinkhala.
turs "loss angils times" key liye lekhon kii ack shrinkhala key saha-lekhak hain joe khoji samvaaddaataon aur sampadakon, ink. seey utkrisht aparaadh reporting key liye 2006 key tomm rainer puraskar key liye ack antim vijeta they. iss jaanch mein, sainya record, sakshatkar aur viyatnam kii yatra key aadhar parr, paaya gayaa kii yuu.aiss. sainikon ney viyatnam mein 800 seey adhik yuddh apraadhon kii soochana dee. turs ney jore dekar kahaa kii kaee logon koo saarvajanik roop seey badnam kiya gayaa thaa, jabaki senaa ney iss baat key saboot kaa khulasa kiya kii way sach kaha rahey they.
operation twarit express expose.
dha nation" mein 2008 key ack pradarshan mein, jisake liye unhone rydenhore puraskar jeetaa, turs ney ack anubhavi whisselbloer key baare mein bataaya, jinhone operation speedy express mein seva kii.
"joe kuchh bhee chalata haye usey maar dalo...".
turs ney "joe kuchh bhee chalata haye usey maarnaa" kaa varnan kiya haye..."(2013) yuu key haathon viyatnami" "nagrik peedaa" "key itihas key roop mein.aiss. viyatnam yuddh key dauran sanic. yeh pustak puraataatvik samagri parr adharit haye joe turs dwara khoji gaee haye aur yuu. mein chashmadid gavaahon key saath unake sakshatkar kiye gaye hain.aiss. aur viyatnam, jisamen sou americi viyatnam yuddh key diggaj shamil hain. turs ney 2014 kaa americi pustak puraskar aur ack izzy (i.aff. patthar) "joe kuchh bhee chalata haye usey maarne key liye puraskar...".
dha huffington post" mein likhate hue, peater vaine beuran ney pustak koo "viyatnam mein americi yuddh key baare mein sabse mahatvapurna pustakon mein seey ack kahaa."dha washington post" key johnn terman ney likhaa, "turs ney iss sankeern sawal kaa jore seey tark diyaa kii sarkaar viyatnam yaa kambodiya mein kiye gaye apraadhon parr mukadama chalaane mein kaise whiffle rahee."
kaaryavaahi patrika mein likhana, yuu kaa aadhikarik prakaashan.aiss. nausena sansthaan, richard rooth, yuu mein seey asiai adhyayan key professor hain.aiss. nausena akadami ney likhaah "turs kaa tark haye kii nagrik peediton kaa bhaari toll naa tou aakasmik thaa aur naa hii apratyaashit thaa. panchbhuj kii matratmak shavon kii maang yuu kii sabhi shaakhaon key madhyam seey adesh kii shrinkhala mein badh gaee.aiss. senaa, jaba taka kii kaee ikaaiyaan andhadhundh hatahaton koo paida karane parr sthir naheen hoe gaeen, joe way dushman key maare jaane kaa daavaa curr sakate they. iss pranali key tahat, hatyaa koo protsaahit kiya gayaa thaah jinn logon key shareer kii sankhya adhik thee, unhein naa kewal adhik jaldi padonnat kiya gayaa, balki unaki ikaaiyon key saath behtar vyavhaar kiya gayaa aur una logon kii tulanaa mein adhik suraksha kaa anand liya gayaa joe apane 'hatyaa kotaa' seey chook gaye... mrityu key protsaahan ney kuchh logon koo protsaahit kiya.aiss. sanic kaee dauron mein hajaaron logon kii hatyaa karate hain. jaanch kiye gaye kaee mamalon key adhyayanon mein baar-baar bataae gaye vivaran mein, inn americi super kilaron dwara kathit viet kaang koo samaapt curr diyaa gayaa thaa, jaba unhein goli maar dee gaee thee, tou aksar una parr koee hathiyar naheen thaa. turs yeh spasht kartaa haye kii itani badee sankhya nirdosh darshakon koo shamil kiye binaa asambhav hoti."rooth ney yeh bhee likhaah" turs kaee prasiddh itihas aur sansmaranon seey sahayak samagri key samriddh namoone key saath mool onn-site jaanch aur taaja abhilekhiya anusandhaan koo jodata haye. prashikshan dwara ack patrakaar, unhone aaparaadhik jaanch kamaand faailon key poorak key roop mein kaee narsamhaaron seey bache logon kaa sakshatkar kiya. jeevit bache logon kii bhayaanak yaadon aur aadhikarik sainya faailon key sandehpurna swar key beach vivaran mein asamaanta pareshan karane vaali haye. kaee mamalon mein report kiye gaye yuddh aparaadh, jinamen seey adhikansh sambandhit jee. aaee. aiss. key sakshya key aadhar parr, ruchi kii kamee key liye khariz curr diye jaate hain, aur "turs kaa adhyayan virodhi-veteran, virodhi-sainya, yaa virodhi-americi naheen haye."
"kuchh bhee maarnaa joe chalata haye" kii aalochana sanyukt raajya america mein yuddh virodhi prayaas mein kiye gaye yogdan key dayare aur mahatva koo cumm karane key liye kii gaee thee. yuddh key dauran, yuu.aiss. yuddh virodhi kaaryakartaon ney baar-baar una atyacharon kii or ishara kiya, jinaki khoj turkey ney kii haye."ack aur aalochana yeh haye kii unaki pustak vyaktigat yuu dwara apraadhon parr kendrit haye.aiss. sanic uttar viyatnam kii bambari jaisi neetiyon kii andekhi karate hue, jisamen hajaaron viyatnami nagrik maare gaye.
sainya sameeksha" mein, patrakaar aur viyatnam yuddh samvaadaata arnold aar. isacus kaa kahana haye, "iss pustak mein diye gaye tathyon koo khariz karna ack galati hogi kyonki lekhak kaa raajneetik jhukaav napsand haye. unake nishkarshon koo atiranjit kiya jaa sakata haye, lekin turs ack majboot mamla banaata haye kii viyatnam mein america key yuddh kaa kaalaa paksh aam taur parr yaad kiye jaane kii tulanaa mein gahara thaa. yadi "americi yuddh manavata key khilaf aparaadh naheen thaa, tou turs hamein iss baat key vishvasaniya saboot key saath saamana kartaa haye kii" ack americi yuddh thaa jise kuchh aur kahana mushkil haye-aur hamein ise apane itihas seey baahar naheen nikaalana chaahiye."
turs kii pustak kii ack anya sameeksha mein, peater zinoman aur gairi kulik ney turs parr mahatvapurna sandarbh koo chhodane, binaa pushti key "bhadkaau gawah tippaniyon" koo chuninda roop seey uddhrit karane aur viyatnam mein yuddh key "vaichaarik roop seey sanchaalit caricature" kaa peechha karane kaa aarop lagaaya haye. unhone nagrikon key khilaf sainya hinsa key aitihaasik adhyayan mein vartamaan sanshodhanvaadi rujhaanon seey puraane aur alag-thalag honey key roop mein turs key drishtikon kii bhee aalochana kii. unhone kahaa kii turs kii pustak roodhivaadi drishtikon kaa paalan karati haye-"itihas aur smriti mein viyatnam mein yuddh kaa americi drishtikon". turs key kaam koo aanshik, bhraamak aur trutipurna tareeke seey ingit kiya gayaa thaa."gairi kulik kaa tark haye kii nick turs aur unake ack maargdarshak, christian aipi, key kaam yuddh key aadhikarik viyatnami communist akhyan key atyadhik samarthak hain joe uttar viyatnami communist sarkaar dwara 1972 key peris shaanti samjhaute kaa ullanghan karane, hamla karane aur dakshin viyatnami aur saigan parr kabja karane seey pahale aur baad mein dakshin viyatnam key kissy bhee itihas/yaadon koo mitaane kaa prayaas kartaa haye.
janwari 2016 mein turs ney thomas key kii pustak mein manhanikarak bayanon koo hataane parr sahamati vyakt kii. equales aur unaki ikai 48veen hamla helicopter company ney 4 aprail 1972 koo ack mission mein jaanboojhkar nagrikon koo maar daala.
yuu.aiss. africa mein sainya abhiyaan.
yeh dhyaan mein rakhate hue kii yuu.aiss. africa kamaan (africum) kaa kahana haye kii yeh african mahadweep parr kewal ack saanketik upasthiti banaae rakhta haye, jise haal hii mein yuu.aiss. 49 african deshon key saath sainya bhagidari. unhone yuu key aakar aur dayare kii jaanch kii.aiss. africa mein sainya abhiyaan aur nishkarsh nikala, "uttar seey dakshin, poorv seey paschim, africa key horn seey sahel, mahadweep key dill seey laker isake taton seey door dweepon taka, yuu.aiss. senaa kaam curr rahee haye. aadhar nirmaan, suraksha sahyog judaav, prashikshan abhyaas, salaahkaar tainaati, vishesh sanchaalan mission aur ack badhata rasad network, vistaar key sabhi nirvivaad pramaan-yuu koo chhodkar.aiss. africa kamaan. dha intercept" kii jaanch mein, turs ney yuu kaa khulasa kiya.aiss. africa kamaan key pahale aprakaashit daave key anusaar african mahadweep lagbhag 50 aatankvaadi sangathanon aur "avaidh samoohon" kaa ghar haye joe aapako dhamki dete hain.aiss. ruchiyaan.
kellie bee. dha american conservative" key prabandh sampaadak vlahos ney turs koo "yuu kaa sabse adhik samvedansheel reporter" kahaa.aiss. africa mein sainya abhiyaan."
vishesh abhiyaan bull.
turs ney yuu kii vyaapak jaanch kii haye.aiss. senaa key sabse kuleen sanic. turs ney khulasa kiya kii 2014 mein, kuleen yuu.aiss. grah parr 70 pratishat deshon mein sainikon koo bheja gayaa thaa aur pratyek dinn 80 seey 90 deshon mein mission chalaa rahey they. rashtra" key liye 2015 key ack lekh mein, turs ney khulasa kiya kii obama prashaasan key tahat, yuu.aiss. usa varsh 147 deshon mein vishesh abhiyaan bull tainaat kiye gaye they. turs ney yeh dikhaane key liye aage badhaaya kii 2016 mein 138 deshon mein nausena muhar aur senaa key vishesh balon jaise kuleen balon koo tainaat kiya gayaa thaa. 2017 mein, turs ney ack lekh likhaa jisamen yuu kaa khulasa kiya gayaa thaa.aiss. varsh key madhya taka vishesh balon koo pahale hii 137 deshon mein tainaat kiya jaa chuka thaa.
yuu.aiss. sainya prashikshan karyakram.
100 reporters dwara kii gaee ack badee jaanch aur "intercept" mein, turs ney khulasa kiya...vaishvik prashikshan abhyason, sanchaalan, suvidhaon aur schools key ack vishal samooh key badey paimaane parr agyaat vivaran-yuu kaa ack chhaaya network.aiss. karyakram joe harr saal lagbhag 200,000 videshi sainikon, pulis aur anya karmiyon koo nirdesh aur sahaayata pradaan karate hain."ack whisselbloer dwara leak kiye gaye detta seey pataa chalaa kii prashikshan 120 deshon mein 471 seey cumm sthaanon parr naheen kiya gayaa thaa-harr mahadweep parr lekin antarctica-jisamen shamil thaa, yuu.aiss. paksh, 150 raksha agencies, nagrik agencies, sashastr bull college, raksha prashikshan kendra, sainya ikaaiyaan, niji companiyan aur ngo, saath hii saath paanch raajyon key rashtriya rakshak bull.
ack alag jaanch mein, turs ney yuu key vistaar kaa vishleshan kiya.aiss. sainya kaa sanyukt sanyukt vinimay prashikshan (jey. see. ee. tii.) karyakram, jise "videshi aantarik raksha" seey laker "aparamparaagat yuddh" taka vibhinn missions mein america key vishesh sanchalakon koo prashikshit karane key liye design kiya gayaa haye. sarkari faailon kaa vishleshan karate hue, turs ney paaya kii yuu.aiss. 2014 mein sainikon ney harr dou dinn mein lagbhag ack mission kiya. nausena kii muharen, senaa key harey rung key patt aur anya 176 vyaktigat jesset parr, 2013 seey 13 pratishat kii vriddhi. isamen shamil deshon kii sankhya 63 seey badhkar 87 hoe gaee.
dha intercept" key liye ack poorv jaanch mein, turs ney khulasa kiya kii "2012 seey 2014 taka america key kuchh sabse kuleen sainikon-jinamen nausena kii muharen aur senaa key harey rung key sanic shamil they-ney duniya bhar mein 500 sanyukt vinimay prashikshan missions koo anjam diyaa", ack sankhya joe yuu. aiss. ney kii thee.aiss. senaa ney pahale khulasa karane seey incar curr diyaa thaa.
afghan yuddh peedit.
patrakaron robbert dreyfus aur saaraa holwinsky key saath, turs ney "rashtra" key ack vishesh mudde mein afghanistan mein nagrik hatahaton kii jaanch kii. unhone paaya kii kissy bhee agency yaa sanstha ney poore sangharsh mein nagrik hatahaton kaa pataa naheen lagaaya thaa. 2008 mein, antarrashtriya suraksha sahaayata bull (isaf) aur yuu.aiss. senaa ney ack nagrik hatahaton parr nazar rakhane vaalaa prakoshth sthaapit kiya jiska lakshya nagrik hatahaton koo track karna aur cumm karna thaa. dreyfus aur turs key anusaar, sangharsh mein maare gaye adhikansh nagrikon ney taliban aur usake sahyogiyon key haathon aisaa kiya, lekin hajaaron afghan nagrikon koo yuu dwara maar diyaa gayaa thaa.aiss. aur sambaddh senaayen.
krantikari kaary key roop mein columbine.
49vein samanantar" patrika key sheetkaleen 2000 key ank mein, turs ney columbine hyee school narsamhar key apraadhiyon, erich harris aur dylan claybold key baare mein likhaa, "joe yeh sweekaar naheen karenge kii americi machine koo darana, usee sthaan parr jahaan yeh apana sabse shaktishali prabhaav daaltaa haye, vaastav mein ack krantikari kaary haye? apane lakshyon key baare mein aspasht honah, unhein naa samajhana bhee, unake astitva koo nakaartaa naheen haye. unake tarikon koo sweekaar yaa aswikar karein, unhein upadraviyon key roop mein badnam karein, lekin inn aadhunik kattarpanthiyon koo jaari americi kranti koo chhedane vaale asantusht vidrohiyon key navintam avtaar seey cumm kuchh bhee naheen maanate hain."mandir vishvavidyalaya key itihaaskaar david farber ney likhaa kii turse kaa daavaa" kewal ack shaikshanik sanskriti mein hii samajh mein aataa haye jisamen paribhasha key anusaar atikraman raajneetik haye aur jisamen samaaj key khilaf kissy bhee gusse koo kattarpanthi maanaa jaa sakata haye."

