
mariam report

mariam report (1928) (aadhikarik sheershakah bhaaratiya prashaasan kii samasya) sarkari anusandhaan sansthaan (aaee. jee. aar., jise baad mein brooking sansthaan key roop mein jaanaa jaataa haye) dwara shuru kii gaee thee aur rockfeller foundation dwara vitt poshit thee. aaee. jee. aar. ney luis merrium koo desh bhar mein americi bhaartiyon kii sthitiyon parr jaankaari sankalit karane aur report karane key liye sarvekshan dall kaa takniki nideshak niyukt kiya. mariam ney 21 farwari, 1928 koo aantarik sachiv, hubert work koo 847 prishthon kii report prastut kii.
report ney aantarik vibhaag (doee) key daav adhiniyam key karyanvayan aur aarakshan aur bhaaratiya boarding schools mein samagr sharton kii aalochana karane key liye aankadon key saath kathaa koo jodaa. merrium report 1850 key dashak key baad seey bhaaratiya sthitiyon kaa pahala samanya adhyayan thaa, jaba naslavigyaani aur poorv americi bhaaratiya agent heinry aar. schoolcraft ney americi congress key liye chhah khandon kaa kaam puuraa kiya thaa.
merrium report ney nae kaanoon key madhyam seey americi bhaaratiya neeti mein sudhaar key liye upayog kiye jaane vaale adhikansh detta pradaan kieh 1934 kaa bhaaratiya punargathan adhiniyam. isane bhoomi aavantan, shiksha aur swaasthya dekhbhal mein baad kii neetiyon koo dridhata seey prabhaavit kiya. report mein aam taur parr paaya gayaa kii sanghiya sarkaar mool amerikiyon, unaki bhoomi aur unake sansadhanon, vyaktigat aur saanskritik donon kii raksha karane key apane lakshyon mein whiffle rahee thee.
luis mariam.
luis mariam kaa janm 1883 mein massachusets key salem mein huaa thaa. unhone harvard vishvavidyalaya seey angreji aur sarkaar mein degree praapt kii, rashtriya kaanoon school aur george washington vishvavidyalaya seey kaanoon kii degree praapt kii, aur ack ph.dee. brooking sanstha seey. unhone bhaaratiya sarvekshan parr apane kaam seey pahale aur baad mein kaee sarkari beuro key liye kaam kiya, jisamen janganana aur baal kalyan beuro shamil they.
1926 mein, aantarik sachiv hubert work ney sarkari sanchaalan key takniki adhyayan key saath-saath sarkari prashaasan mein apani visheshagyata key kaaran bhaaratiya mamalon kii jaanch karane key liye ack sarvekshan dall kaa netritva karane key liye mariam koo chunaa. mariam ney iss pariyojana parr kaam karate hue teen saal bitaaye, jise "mariam commission" yaa "mariam report" key roop mein jaanaa jaane lagaa. bhaaratiya mamalon mein unaki bhagidari 1936 mein samaapt hoe gaee kyonki nae saude key baare mein unaki sandeh kii bhavna thee.
1946 mein unhein brooking sansthaan key upaadhyaksh key roop mein niyukt kiya gayaa thaa. 30 octuber, 1972 koo maryland key kensington mein unaki mrityu hoe gaee.
sarvekshan dall.
mariam koo ack team chunane mein kathinaaee hui kyonki kaee sambhaavit sadasya apani naukari naheen chhod sakate they. aaee. jee. aar. ney team key sadasyon koo "apane-apane kshetron mein visheshagya key roop mein uchch yogya vyakti, apane drishtikon mein vaigyaanik, sansanikhej naheen, aur poorvakalpit vichaaron aur raay seey mukt honey kii aavashyakta thee joe tathyon koo ikattha karane aur vyakhya karane mein unaki nishpakshata aur nishpakshata mein hastakshep karenge."unhone antatah vibhinn vishayon mein kaee visheshagyon seey bunny ack team ekatra keeh ray aeye. braun (kanuni pahalu), heinry row cloud (bhaaratiya salaahkaar), edward everate dell (aarthik sthitiyaan), emma duke (shahari kshetron mein bhaaratiya pravaas), dow. herbert edwards (chikitsak) (swaasthya), fait every mckenzie (srot samagri), mairi luis maark (parivarik jeevan), doubleu. carson raayan, junier. (shiksha), aur villium jey. spielman (krishi).
nishkarsh.
12 juuna, 1926 koo aantarik sachiv key anurodh parr sarkari anusandhaan sansthaan dwara adhikrit, mariam aayog koo sanyukt raajya mein bhaartiyon key mamalon kii jaanch kaa prabhaar diyaa gayaa thaa. sarvekshan key liye nishpaksh manakon koo banaae rakhane key liye, ise rockfeller foundation dwara vittaposhit kiya gayaa thaa, naa kii kissy sarkari agency yaa agent dwara. "jaanch mein lagbhag sabhi aarakshan shamil honge aur yeh bhaaratiya parisampatti adhikaaron aur aarthik sthitiyon key saath-saath bhaaratiya beuro off indian affairs kii shaikshik, audyogik, samajik aur chikitsa gatividhiyon seey bhee sambandhit hogi."
team ney apani jaankaari ekatra karane key liye saat maheene kaa kaary kiya. isane 23 raajyon mein kshetra kaary kiya, jise bhaaratiya mamalon key beuro dwara ack report key aadhar parr chunaa gayaa, jisane mool americi nivaasiyon kii sankhya key crum mein raajyon kii vyavastha kii. report mein dikhaaya gayaa haye kii 23 raajyon mein 1,000 seey adhik mool americi nivasi hain, jinamen sheersh teen oclahoma, arizona aur dakshin dakota hain. team ney kull 95 aarakshan, agencies, aspatalon aur schools kaa daura kiya. sarvekshan dall key cumm seey cumm ack sadasya ney inn 95 sthaanon mein seey pratyek kaa daura kiya; aksar dall key sadasyon koo cumm seey cumm sambhav samay mein aavashyak kaam koo puuraa karane key liye swatantra roop seey kaam karane key liye majboor kiya jaataa thaa. "[aantarik sachiv] ney jore dekar kahaa kii sarvekshan ack saal key bheetar puuraa kiya jaae, taaki vaha washington mein ack nae prashaasan key padbhar sambhaalane seey pahale parivartanon koo prabhaavit curr sakey."iss kshetra kaary ney 847 prishthon kii ack report taiyar kii jisamen nimnalikhit aathh khand shamil theh
report kaa nishkarsh sarvekshan dall kii raay koo darshaata haye. udaaharan key liye, report mein kahaa gayaa haye kii "bhaartiyon key liye iss dhaarana key aadhar parr koee bhee neeti kii unhein anya amerikiyon seey sthaayi roop seey alag rakhaa jaa sakata haye yaa rakhaa jaanaa chaahiye, whiffle honey key liye baadhya haye."report mein, sarvekshan dall ney kamiyon key sudhaar key liye vyaapak sifaarishen shamil keen, vishesh roop seey swaasthya, shiksha aur kanuni aur samajik muddon key liye sarkari sahyog mein.
swaasthya.
report mein kahaa gayaa haye, "samanya aabaadi kii tulanaa mein bhaartiyon kaa swaasthya kharaab haye."sarkaar dwara mool amerikiyon koo pradaan kii jaane vaali swaasthya dekhbhal sevaaon parr apane khand mein, report mein kahaa gayaa haih" kuchh apvaadon key bavjood, [bhaaratiya swaasthya] seva dwara banaae gaye aspatal, salutorian aur sanitorium schools koo aam taur parr karmiyon, upkaran, prabandhan aur design kii kamee key roop mein chihnit kiya jaanaa chaahiye."sarkaar ney, halanki isamen kaee onn-aind-off-aarakshan swaasthya dekhbhal sansthaan they, bhaaratiya rogiyon key liye paryaapt dekhbhal pradaan naheen kii. report mein kahaa gayaa haye, "swaasthya koo prabhaavit karane vaali sabse mahatvapurna ekal vastu shayed khaadya aapoorti haye."bhaaratiya aarakshan parr swaasthya seva kaa saamana karane vaalaa ack aur jhataka swaasthya seva pradaataon dwara bhaaratiya bhaashaon key gyaan kii samanya kamee thee.
arthavyavastha.
report ney nishkarsh nikala kii "vishisht bhaaratiya parivaar kii aaya cumm haye aur arjit aaya behad cumm haye."report ney garibi koo sambodhit kiya joe dove adhiniyam kii vyaktigat aavantan neeti key parinamswarup huaa thaa. isane paayaah "bhaartiyon key liye nyaay mein yeh kahaa jaanaa chaahiye kii unamen seey kaee aisee bhoomi parr reh rahey hain jahan seey ack prashikshit aur anubhavi shwet vyakti shayed hii ack uchit jeevan yapan curr sakata thaa."naa kewal bhoomi kaa nuksan aarakshan parr paaee jaane vaali aarakshan garibi kaa ack kaaran thaa, balki unake paas joe bhoomi thee vaha kaafee hudd taka parivarik kheti aur krishi key liye anupayukt thee. report ney nirvaachit rashtrapati prashaasan key tahat raajneetik niyuktiyon koo badalane kii samasyaon kii pehchaan kii. chunaavon ney sheersh raajneetik niyuktiyon mein badalaav laane aur aarthik vikas karyakramon mein badalaav laane kii pravritti dikhaai; iss prakaar, bee. aaee. aeye. ney aarakshan parr kissy bhee deerghakaalik vikas kaa samarthan naheen kiya. report mein yeh bhee kahaa gayaa haih "poore seva key liye ack vyaapak rachanaatmak karyakram taiyar karane key liye bahut cumm prayaas kiye gaye hain, joe varshon kii lambi avadhi taka vistaarit haye, aur isake lakshya key liye aarthik sthitiyon mein samanya sudhaar haye."
shiksha.
mariam report ney shiksha kii aavashyakta parr jore diyaa, lekin isane sujhaav diyaa kii aisee shiksha bhaaratiya bachchon koo alag-alag sansthanon mein shikshit karane key bajaay bahusankhyak sanskriti mein bhaaratiya bachchon key ekikaran parr adharit honey chaahiye, jaisa kii pichhali shiksha neetiyon mein jore diyaa gayaa thaa. shiksha khand kii pahali pankti mein kahaa gayaa haye, "bhaaratiya shiksha mein sabse maulik aavashyakta drishtikon mein badalaav haye."report vishesh roop seey bhaaratiya boarding schools kii aalochanatmak theeh" sarvekshan karmchari khud koo spasht roop seey aur spasht roop seey kahane key liye baadhya paate hain kii boarding schools mein bhaaratiya bachchon kii dekhbhal key praavdhaan sarasar aparyaapt hain."sarvekshan dall ney nishkarsh nikala kii boarding schools mein kharaab aahar pradaan kiya jaataa thaa, bheedbhaad thee, paryaapt chikitsa sevaaen pradaan naheen kii jaati theen, chhaatr shram dwara samarthit they, aur shikshak manakon koo badhaane key bajaay ack samaan pathyakram parr nirbhar they. jabaki report ney bhaaratiya boarding school shiksha kii sakal kamiyon kii or dhyaan aakarshit kiya, bhaaratiya shiksha kii aatmasaatkaari neetiyaan, joe iss tarah key boarding schools parr nirbhar hain, agale 40 varshon taka jaari raheen. 1970 key dashak mein school 60,000 chhatron key apane sheersh namankan taka pahunch gaye.
parinam.
mariam report ney sarkari neeti key kaee pahaluon koo prabhaavit kiya haih "mariam report kii aapaatkaaleen sifaarishon parr kaary karate hue, rashtrapati hoover ney bhaaratiya schools mein chhatron key liye paryaapt bhojan aur kapadon kii aapoorti key liye atirikt dhana kaa anurodh kiya."isake alawa, charles jey. rhoads aur jey. heinry scattergood (bhaaratiya mamalon key aayukt aur sahayak aayukt, jinhen hover dwara niyukt kiya gayaa haye) ney mariam report kii kaee sifaarishon koo puuraa kiya yaa shuru kiya. rashtrapati hoover ney ack sudhaar package koo ack saath rakhane key liye roads koo niyukt kiya jisamen alokpriya aarakshan boarding schools koo bund karna aur behtar chikitsa suvidhaaen shamil theen. haalaanki, aavantit bhoomi kii sthiti koo badalane key liye turant kuchh naheen kiya gayaa, jisase mool amerikiyon mein nirasha hui. unhein aavantan kii neeti key samaapt honey key liye 1934 taka intezar karna hoga.
merrium report kaa sabse mahatvapurna aur prabhaavshaali prabhaav dove adhiniyam kii isaki kadee aalochana aur isaki viphaltaon kaa vishleshan thaa. samanya aavantan adhiniyam key roop mein bhee jaanaa jaane vaalaa, 1887 key dove adhiniyam ney vyaktigat bhaaratiya parivaaron koo aavantan aavantit karke sampradayik bhaaratiya bhoomi koo todane kii maang kii thee, parivaaron koo nirvaah kheti karane key liye protsaahit kiya thaa, joe europeeya-americi sanskriti kaa model haye. 
[bhoomi] aavantan parr report key hamale kaa tatkaal parinam aavantit bhoomi jaari karane mein girawat thee. adhyayan kii shuruat seey pahale key chaar vittiya varshon mein, lagbhag 10,000 mool amerikiyon koo unake aarakshan seey 30 laakh ekad seey adhik aavantit kiya gayaa thaa. tulanaa mein, vittiya varshon key dauran 1929-1932, 'bhaaratiya prashaasan kii samasya' key prakaashan key turant baad key 4 varshon mein, 2,800 seey thodaa adhik mool amerikiyon koo 500,000 ekad seey cumm aavantit kiya gayaa thaa.
report key paanch varshon key bheetar, aavantan kii neeti koo poori tarah seey chhod diyaa gayaa thaa. 18 juuna, 1934 koo rashtrapati frankleen dee. roozvelt ney bhaaratiya punargathan adhiniyam koo kaanoon mein hastaaksharit kiya. halanki mariam report ney aavantan kii ninda kii thee aur bhaaratiya punargathan adhiniyam koo prabhaavit kiya thaa, lekin iss adhiniyam kaa shreya vaastav mein johnn collier koo diyaa gayaa thaa, jinhen roozvelt dwara bhaaratiya mamalon key aayukt key roop mein niyukt kiya gayaa thaa. nae adhiniyam ney aavantan koo samaapt curr diyaa aur janjaatiyon koo apani sarkaaron koo sangathit karane aur apani nyaas bhoomi koo sampradayik roop seey shamil karane kii anumati dee.