
offenberg

offenberg ("khula baro"-khule dwaar dikhaane vaalaa hathiyaron kaa coat; nimn elemenikah "offberg") germany key baddon-wrttemberg raajya mein sthit ack shahar haye. lagbhag 60,000 nivaasiyon (2019) key saath, yeh sabse badaa shahar aur ortenaukri kii prashaasnik rajdhani haye.
itihas.
haal key dinon mein shahar key kshetra mein roman bastiyon key avashesh paae gaye hain. offenberg kaa pahali baar 1148 key aitihaasik dastavejon mein ullekh kiya gayaa thaa. offenberg koo pahale hii 1240 taka ack swatantra shaahi shahar ghoshit curr diyaa gayaa thaa. sitambar 1689 mein, shahar-dou imaraton koo chhodkar-nau saal key yuddh key dauran francisi dwara poori tarah seey nasht curr diyaa gayaa thaa. 1803 mein pavitra roman samrajya key napolean key vighatan aur baad mein german raajyon key punargathan key kaaran, offenberg ney ack swatantra shaahi shahar key roop mein apani sthiti khou dee aur badd key grand duchy key shasson key tahat aaa gayaa.
1848 kii kraantiyon key prakop key dauran, "offenberger karyakram" jisamen "baddon key logon key naam parr terah maangen shamil theen, 12 sitambar 1847 koo salman saraay mein rakhaa gayaa thaa. yeh germany mein loktantra kii pahali gyaat maang thee. carlsbad farmaanon key saath, offenberger karyakram ney buniyaadi aur manvadhikaron key saath-saath press kii swatantrata aur ack pragatisheel aaykar sanrachana kii maang kii. 19 march 1848 koo 20,000 sadasya offenberg peepuls assembly dwara maangon kii pushti kii gaee.
pratham vishva yuddh key dauran offenberg havaai bambari key prabhaavon kaa anubhav karane vaale pahale shaharon mein seey ack thaa, offenberg railway siding key khilaf sanchaalan jyaadaatar ochi havaai adde seey swatantra bull seey vimaan dwara udaaya gayaa thaa.
yeh jyaadaatar upekshit haye, kii pratham vishva yuddh key baad, ruhar key kabje key dauran, francisi sainikon ney offenberg parr kabja curr liya, kyonki yeh kehal bridghead kii paridhi key bheetar gir gayaa thaa. francisi kabje vaali senaa farwari 1923 mein shahar mein pravesh kiya aur 1924 taka rahee, jisase offenberg aur appenwear key beach raain ghaati railway parr sabhi yatayat avaruddh hoe gaye.
1930 key dashak mein nsdap kii satta mein vriddhi key baad, offenberg kii yahudi aabaadi daman key krityon kaa shikaar hoe gaee, jisaki parinati navambar 1938 mein sthaaniya synagogue mein todfod mein hui. yuddh shuru honey key baad, yahudi aabaadi key una sadasyon koo joe desh chhodane mein kamyab naheen hue they, octuber 1940 mein gurr ekagrata shivir mein nirvaasit curr diyaa gayaa aur 1942 key dauran vahaan seey aushwitz mein bhej diyaa gayaa.
dwiteeya vishva yuddh mein, francisi seema seey bhaugolik nikatata key kaaran, offenberg yaa tou 1940 mein france kii ladaai key dauran asthaayi nikasi key liye ujagar thaa yaa sangharsh key antim charanon kii or topkhaane kii golibari key liye ujagar thaa. 27 navambar 1944 koo dwiteeya vishva yuddh key dauran yeh kewal ack avsar parr ack praathamik lakshya thaa, jaba 300 seey adhik usaf bee-17 aur liberator bamvarshakon key ack bull ney marshling yard parr hamla kiya. 1944 aur 1945 key dauran railway pratishthanon key khilaf kaee anya saamarik hamale kiye gaye.
francisi senaa ney 15 aprail 1945 koo offenberg mein pravesh kiya aur taba seey offenberg maee 1949 mein germany key sanghiya ganarajya key nirmaan taka francisi kabje vaale kshetra kaa hissa bunn gayaa.
sanghiya ganarajya key nirmaan key baad seey, offenberg lagaatar aakar, nivaasiyon aur samriddhi mein vikasit huaa haye. 1971 aur 1975 key beach gyaarah aasann gaanvon koo offenberg key samudaay mein shamil kiya gayaa thaa aur abb yeye shahar kaa ack abhinn hissa hain.
bhugol.
offenberg carlsruhe aur freeberg key beach raain nadee key poorv mein lagbhag 15 kimmy door sthit haye. strasberg kaa francisi shahar raain key paar 20 kimmy uttar-paschim mein sthit haye. offenberg kinzig nadee ghaati key muhaane aur kaale jangal key tala parr sthit haye. kinzig kaale jangal seey baahar bahati haye aur kehal key paas gande seey milati haye.
jalavaayu.
copen jalavaayu vargeekaran isaki jalavaayu koo aardr uposhnakatibandhiya (see. aff. aeye.) key roop mein vargeekrit kartaa haye. haalaanki, mahasagaron aur samudron seey isaki vishal doori key parinamswarup samudri visheshtaen seemit hain. natijatan, garmiyon kaa ack mahatvapurna uposhnakatibandhiya prabhaav hotaa haye kyonki antardeshiya havaa germ hoe jaati haye. sardiyaan madhyam hoti hain lekin aamtaur parr raat mein paalaa padata haye. iss kshetra kii jalavaayu bhoomadhyasagariya jalavaayu key karib haye, jisamen garmiyon mein cumm varsha hoti haye aur sardiyon key maheenon mein adhik varsha hoti haye.
offenberg germany key sabse germ sthaanon mein seey ack haye aur isaliye ise padosi gaanvon jaise kii darbar, oberkirch yaa jengenback jaise ack mahatvapurna saanskritik kshetra key roop mein maanaa jaataa haye.
arthavyavastha.
offenberg mein ack samriddh vyaapaar aur vinirmaan kshetra haye aur yeh kaee prasiddh brandon kaa ghar haye.
vinirmaan aur udyog.
offenberg mein sthit mahatvapurna vinirmaan companiyon mein tessa-varke offenberg jee. aim. bee. aich. (chipakane vaale tape), vivil (humbug aur mithaai), miko maascheenbaau jee. aim. bee. aich. aind koo shamil hain. kigra (peshevar dishwashing system, safai aur kitanushodhan praudyogiki), hansgrohe seey (sanitary fitting) aur hobart jee. aim. bee. aich. (peshevar rasoi upkaran). isake alawa, kaee anya chhoti aur madhyam aakar kii companiyan hain joe apane vyavasaay key upayukt kshetra mein atyadhik vishisht sheersh-shreni key utpaadon kaa utpaadan karati hain.
vyaapaar aur vanijya.
karmchaariyon (1,850) key sandarbh mein sabse mahatvapurna vyaparik company edeka handelgeselshaft sudwest aim. bee. aich. haye, joe sabse badaa german supermarket nigam haye jiska offenberg mein ack badaa kshetriya utpaadan, bhandaran aur vitaran kendra haye. prints jee. aim. bee. aich. lagbhag. 1, 600 karmchari ack sthir thoke bikri company haye. markent aeye. jee. (khaadya aur gair-khaadya vyaapaar) kii kaee sahayak yaa sambaddh companiyan lagbhag key saath offenberg mein sthit hain. 600 karmchari.
prakaashan aur mudran.
hubert burda media germany kii sabse badee prakaashan companiyon mein seey ack haye. sambaddh burda printing key saath yeh abhee bhee offenberg mein 1,600 logon koo rojgar detaa haye. 
haalaanki pichhale dashakon key dauran shahar mein aur adhik aarthik abhinetaon key ubharane key saath karmchaariyon kii sankhya key sambandh mein pramukh sthiti cumm hoe gaee haye, dwiteeya vishva yuddh key baad franz barda key mudran vyavasaay kaa vistaar key saath-saath unaki patni kii burda shally (poorv menh "burda moden") 1945 key baad sthaaniya arthavyavastha key vikas mein aur shahar key naam koo duniya bhar mein prasiddh banaane mein nirnaayak rahee haye.
buniyaadi dhancha.
yatayat.
apani anukool bhaugolik sthiti key kaaran offenberg sanchaar kii mahatvapurna lines key chauraahe parr padaa huaa haye jiska pataa roman samay seey lagaaya jaa sakata haye.
sadak.
offenberg sanghiya motorway aeye 5 seey 3 kimmy poorv mein sthit haye, jisase yeh 1960 seey ack prasiddh andey key aakar key junction key madhyam seey judaa huaa haye.
dou pramukh sanghiya sadaken, bee 3 aur bee 33, offenberg mein milati hain.
rail.
1844 mein manheim seey railway line key nirmaan key baad seey, offenberg 19veen aur 20veen shatabdi key pahale bhaag key dauran ack railway kendra key roop mein vikasit huaa thaa. haalaanki, 1990 key dashak kii shuruat mein duesh bundesban key nijikaran aur duesh baahan aeye. jee. key agami punargathan key baad seey, jisake kaaran baad mein railway karyashalaon koo bund curr diyaa gayaa, offenberg mein sanchaalan aakar mein kaafee sikud gayaa haye. 
aaj offenberg station kaee railway lines key chaurahon parr sthit haye, sabse mahatvapurna raain valley railway haye, joe karlsruhe aur besal key beach mukhya line haye, joe besal, berlin, collon, frankfurt, frankfurt havaai adde aur amsterdam key liye niyamit intercity express (burf) sevaaon key saath haye. suramya black forrest railway offenberg seey shuru hoti haye jaisa kii strasberg key liye line aur black forrest mein rench ghaati kii seva karane vaali line karati haye.
disambar 2018 mein freeberg seey peris-est taka offenberg (muelheim aur malhouse key bajaay) key madhyam seey tii. jee. vee. sevaaon key punah maarg key kaaran, taba seey offenberg seey stresberg key madhyam seey peris-est taka ack dainik (shaniwar koo chhodkar) seedhi seva haye.
havaa.
offenberg havaai kshetra (edo) kaa upayog 1911 seey udaan uddeshyon key liye kiya jaa rhaa haye aur 1975 mein ise ack pakka runway milaa haye. yeh nagarpalika key swaamitva mein haye. haalaanki, 1990 key dashak mein saarvajanik roop seey sulabh havaai kshetra key roop mein isake vargeekaran key baad seey, 910 meater damar runway (02-20) kewal nivasi aeroclubs aur una vimaanon key liye upalabdh haye jinhone operator seey poorv anumati praapt kii haye. aspas key havaai adde hainh laahar (adtl) mein flughafen laahar aur, anusoochit yatayat key saath, strasberg-antzime (lfst) aur baddon-solingan (adsb). lahaur aur badden-solingan donon kaa upayog pahale europe mein kanadai balon dwara kiya jaataa thaa aur sheet yuddh key anta key baad nagrik upayog key liye upalabdh hoe gayaa thaa.
paas mein teen susajjit havaai addon kii prachurta, nivaasiyon kii lagaatar badhati shore samvedansheelta key saath-saath vaanijyik vikas kshetron kii aavashyakta ney 2012 mein havaai adde koo poori tarah seey bund karane key liye charcha koo punarjeevit kiya haye.
shiksha.
praathamik aur maadhyamik vidyaalayon key alawa joe kaee saarvajanik nikaayon kii jimmedaari key bheetar hain, offenberg mein vibhinn prakaar key shaikshanik sansthaan hain.
offenberg mein applied sciences vishvavidyalaya bhee haye, jiska mukhya parisar offenberg mein sthit haye, aur doosara parisar jengenback (12 kimmy seey bhee cumm door) mein haye.
saanskritik viraasat.
offenberg mein kaee aitihaasik aakarshan hain jinamen shamil hainh
khel.
offenberg aff. vee. ack german association football club haye joe offenberg, baden-wrttemberg shahar mein sthit haye. club germany mein sabse safal shaukiya football clubon mein seey ack haye.
judvaan shahar-bahan shahar.
offenberg key saath jodaa gayaa haih