
nicos gatsos

nicos gatsus (8 disambar 1911-12 maee 1992) ack yunani kavi, anuvaadak aur geetkaar they.
jeevani.
harvard key anusaar, unakaa "yuddh key baad kii peedhi key yunani kaviyon parr gahara prabhaav thaa. nuksan aur aashaa donon key lekhan, gatsus key atiyathaarthvaad, prateekvaad aur lock geet key advitiya mishran ney gahan prashansa paida kii aur apane doston, nobel puraskar vijeta odicius alitis aur george sepheris key saath beesavin shatabdi key mahaan yunani kaviyon mein seey ack key roop mein unakaa sthaan sunishchit kiya.
nicos gatsos kaa janm 1911 mein arcadia mein asia mein huaa thaa.
 peloponese kaa ack jilaa, jahan unhone praathamik vidyalaya ("demotico") puuraa kiya. unhone tripoli mein uchch vidyalaya ("vyayamshala") mein padhaai kii, jahan way saahitya aur videshi bhaashaon seey parichit hoe gaye. baad mein, way athens chaley gaye, jahan unhone kewal dou saal key liye athens vishvavidyalaya mein saahitya, darshan aur itihas kaa adhyayan kiya. angreji aur french kaa unakaa gyaan kaafee achchha thaa aur way pahale seey hii coastis palama, dionysios solomos, yunani lock geeton aur europeeya kavita mein haal key rujhaanon seey parichit they. athens mein, vaha usa samay key saahityik halakon key sampark mein aae aur saathi kavi odicius alitis key aajivan mitron mein seey ack bunn gaye aur apani kavitaon koo "nee estia" (1931-32) aur "rhythmos" (1933) patrikaon mein prakaashit kiya. usa avadhi key dauran unhone "mechadonikes imeres" (ακεδονικές ηmέρες), "rhythmos" (ρyθmondes), aur "nee grammata" (νέα γράματα) (kramshah coastis bastias, myrteotisa aur thrasos kastanakis key liye) mein bhee aalochana prakaashit kii.
1935 mein way peris aur france key dakshin mein rahate they.
1936 mein way odicius elitis seey mille aur kavita mein unake saahityik "bhaai" bunn gaye.
1943 mein, atos ney apani lambi kavita "amorgos" prakaashit kii, joe samkaaleen yunani kavita mein ack pramukh yogdan haye, vishesh roop seey paaramparik yunani lock kavita rupankanon key saath atiyathaarthvaad key sanyojan key liye ullekhaniya haye. baad mein unhone teen aur kavitaaen prakaashit keenh "philologica chronica" mein "allegio" (1946), "dha night aind death" (1947), aur "song off old times" (1963), joe yorgos sepheris koo samarpit thee, "tachidromos" patrika mein.
dwiteeya vishva yuddh key baad, unhone ack anuvaadak key roop mein "greek-british sameeksha" key saath aur ack radio nirdeshak key roop mein eleanic radiophonia key saath kaam kiya. usa avadhi key dauran unhone manos hazzidakis key liye bhee geet likhana shuru curr diyaa. samay aaney parr, unhone miki theodorakis aur anya ullekhaniya sangeetkaron key saath bhee sahyog kiya.
unakaa kaam saarvbhaumik kavyatmak vishayon seey prerit haye, jaise kii burai, anyaay, balidan aur prem key dard kii samasyaaen, aur vishesh roop seey desh "purani yaadon" (kaee yunani, dwiteeya vishva yuddh key baad, videshon mein pravaas curr gaye) key baare mein yunani chintaaen.
unake kathor aur bhasha kaushal koo "kalaa rangmanch", "yunani rashtriya rangmanch" aur grees key "lokpriya rangmanch" dwara dekhaa gayaa, aur unhein vibhinn natakon kaa anuvaad karane kaa kaam saunpa gayaa-unaki mahaan kriti spanish trasdi "rakt vivaah" kaa yunani mein anuvaad thaa.
vaha manos hazzidakis aur naana mauskari key karibi they. unake british dost phillip sherard, peater levi aur peater jey aur unake ayrish dost desmond oh 'grady they.
12 maee 1992 koo athens mein unaki mrityu hoe gaee.
amorgos kavitaaen.
amorgos kii kavitaaen unake vayumandaliya gunon seey chihnit hain, kyonki kavi jeevant kalpana aur bhaavnaatmak gaharaai key madhyam seey dweep kii anoothi sundarta aur charitra koo pakadane kaa prayaas kartaa haye. gatsos kii kavya bhasha rupakon aur sanketon seey samriddh haye, joe ack sapane jaisa guna paida karati haye joe bhayaavah aur uttejak donon haye.
iss sangrah kii prashansa isaki kavyatmak bhavyata key saath-saath prem, haani aur maanav astitva kii najukta jaisi gahari bhaavanaon aur vishayon koo vyakt karane kii kshamata key liye kii gaee haye. gatsos kaa kaam apani maulikta key liye jaanaa jaataa haye, kyonki vaha paaramparik kavya roopon aur shailiyon kii seemaon koo aage badhaate hain.
kull milakar, nicos gatsos 'amorgos aadhunik yunani saahitya mein ack aavashyak kaary haye, joe pathakon koo ack shaktishali aur prerak anubhav pradaan kartaa haye joe maanav bhaavanaon kii sundarta aur jatilata koo pradarshit kartaa haye.
"amorgos seey
aaee
unake desh koo unake paal seey bandhkar aur unake patwar latkaakar
 havaa
jahaaz toot gayaa ack bistar parr marey hue jaanvaron kii tarah sou gayaa
 spunges kaa
lekin samudri shaiwal kii aankhen samudra kii or muda jaati hain
ummeed haye kii dakshini havaa unhein unake saath vaapas laayegi
 lait-cell nae-chitrit
kyonki ack khoya huaa haathi hamesha usake moolya seey kaheen adhik hotaa haye.
 ack ladki key stun hilate hue
kewal tabhi jaba sunsan chappal kii chhatein rotion houn
 shaam key taare kii kubjata
kewal tabhi jaba pakshiyon koo nimbu key pedon key stambhon key beach lehrana chaahiye
jeevant kadmon kii majboot safed jhadee key saath
kyaa havaayen aaengi, hanson key shareer joe merey liye baney rahey-
 maculate, unmoving aur tender
jaba steam roller dukaanon mein ghoomate they, jaba toofaan aatey they
 vanaspati key madhyam seey ghoomate hue
jaba auraton kii aankhen koyla aur dill bunn gaeen
 badam feriwale toot gaye they
jaba fasal kii kataai hoe gaee aur cricket kii ummeeden shuru hoe gaeen.
aur vaastav mein yahee kaaran haye kii, merey bahadur yuva, chumban, sharaab key saath,
 aur aapke munh parr chhod detaa haye
main nadiyon key kinare nagna hocker chalana chaahuunga
jangli tata kaa gaanaa gaanaa jaise jangal kaa aadami shikaar curr rhaa hoe
 mestic jhaadi
jaise jwaar key bageechon mein seey nikalate hue wiper
jalan kii garvit aankho key saath
bijli key gole kii tarah joe yuvaaon koo jhaadata haye.
aur naa hanso aur naa royo aur naa khush hoe
aur apane jooton koo vyarth naa nichoden jaise kii aap they
 samtal vriksh lagaana
bhaagya naa banein
raajaa-cheel key liye ack bund daraaj naheen haye
yeh bair key pedh key aansuu naheen hain aur naa hii paani-lilly kii muskan haye.
naa hii kabootar kii undershirt yaa sultan key mandolin
naa hii whale key sir key liye ack reshmi shaul
yeh samudra kaa ack aaree haye joe seagal koo alag curr detaa haye.
yeh ack cappenter kaa takiya haye, ack bhikhaari kii ghadee haye.
yeh lohar kii dukaan mein ack lau haye joe usaki patniyon koo chidhaati haye
 pujari aur lilly koo loolaaen
yeh turkon kaa vivaah haye, joe australiyai logon kaa ack tyohar haye.
yeh hangerian jipsey kaa chhipana haye
jahan sharad ritu mein hazel key pedh gupt roop seey ikattha hotey hain
way samajhdaar saaras koo apane andon koo kaalaa karate hue dekhate hain
aur phir way bhee rote hain
way apane raatri vastra jalaa dete hain aur batakh key kapade pahanate hain
 petikote
way raajaon key chalane key liye prithvi parr sitaaron koo ghumaate hain
apane mukut aur baingani rung key saath apane chaandi key tabij key saath
 maintals
way bageeche key bhukhandon mein rosemary daalate hain
kii choohe apane raaste seey dusare tehkhaanon mein jaa sakate hain
aur anya girjagharon koo pavitra vediyon mein seey khaane key liye
aur ullu, merey bachche,
ullu chillaate hain
aur mrit nana naachane key liye uthati hain
tambu aur drum aur violine key saath, bagpipes aur
 lute
jhande aur sensor key saath, munhaase aur jaadoo key ghoonghat key saath
bhalu key pantaloon key saath usane jamee hui ghaati
way martens key mashroom khaate hain
way sent kii angoothi key saath sir yaa poonchh khelate hain. johnn aur dha
 blackmoor key soney key phool
way sabhi chudailon kaa majaak udaate hain
unhone coloco key yaatghan key saath ack pujari kii daadhi kaat dee-
 tronis
way dhoop key vaashp mein snan karate hain
aur phir dheere-dheere jup karate hue phir seey prithvi mein pravesh karein aur gir jaaen.
 chup raho
jaise laharen chup hoe jaati hain, jaise subah koyal pakshi, tail kii tarah
 shaam koo deepak.
aur iss prakaar gahare bartan mein angur sikud jaataa haye aur usake belfree mein
 anjir kaa pedh seb peela hoe jaataa haye
aur iss prakaar ack samlaingik rung kii gardan kii patti dikhaati haye
ack grapewine bower key neeche garmiyon kaa viram
aur iss prakaar safed cherry key pedon key beach nagna ack komal pyaar
 meraa jhooth sou rhaa haye
badam kii ack shakha kii tarah ack ladki joe sookhati naheen haye
uska sir usaki kohni parr aur hatheli usake soney parr
 khajaana
dheere-dheere aur dheere-dheere chor kii tarah apani subah kii garmi parr
vasant kii khidki seey subah kaa taaraa jaagata haye
 usey."
anuvaad.
nicos gatsus ney apana adhikansh prayaas aur samay mukhya roop seey yunani rashtriya rangmanch, yunani kalaa rangmanch aur yunani lokpriya rangmanch key liye yunani mein vibhinn bhaashaon key natakon kaa anuvaad karane mein bitaaya. 1944 mein, unhone federico garcia lorka kii kavita "night song" kaa anuvaad ("philologica chronica" key liye) kiya. unhone nimnalikhit natakon kaa anuvaad bhee kiyaah
unake dwara anuvaadit sabhi natakon kaa manchan yunani rashtriya rangmanch aur yunani kalaa rangmanch mein kiya gayaa thaa. way "nee estia", "traum", "mechadonics imres", "micro tetradio", "nee vyaakaran", "philologica chronica" aur "calitechnica nee" patrikaon seey bhee judey they. isake alawa, unhone yunani radio key saath apane judaav key dauran natakon kaa nirdeshan kiya.
geet.
ack geetkaar key roop mein nicos gatsos key kaam ney samkaaleen yunani geet koo badal diyaa. unake saath lagaatar sahyog 
maanas hazzidakis aur naana mauskari faldaayi they, iss prakaar unaki kalaa antarrashtriya prasiddhi mein aaee.
unhone pramukh yunani sangeetkaron key liye geet likhe, jaise kii manos hazidakis, mikis theodorakis, stavros zarchakos, dimos mautsis, lukianos killedonis, christodolos chalaris aur eleni carendru. unhone kaee filmon key liye geet likhe, jinamen elia kazaan kii "america-america" bhee shamil haye.
granth soochi chunein.
nimnalikhit granth soochi mein gatsos key pramukh prakaashan aur pustaken shamil hain jinamen gatsos key lekhan key angreji anuvaad kii ack badee sankhya shamil haye yaa shamil haye. gatsos kii sabse prasiddh kriti "amorgos" key yunani paath koo vyaktigat pravishti naheen dee gaee haye kyonki yeh yunani mein kaee sanskaranon seey gujra haye, jinamen seey adhikansh abb mudrit naheen hain.

