peater ward (jeevaashm vigyaani)

peater dugglus ward (janm 1949) ack americi jeevaashm vigyaani aur adelide vishvavidyalaya mein washington vishvavidyalaya, ciatal aur sprig institute off geobiology mein professor hain. unhone aam darshakon key liye kaee lokpriya vigyaan kritiyaan likhi hain aur way roganu mastishk munch key salaahkaar bhee hain. 2000 mein, apane saha-lekhak donald ee key saath. brownley, unhone "durlabh prithvi" shabd kii saha-utpatti kii aur media parikalpana vikasit kii jisamen aarop lagaaya gayaa kii bahukoshikiya jeevan antatah aatm-vinashkari haye.
jeevan aur kaary.
unake maataa-pitaa, joseph aur rooth ward, dwiteeya vishva yuddh key baad ciatal chaley gaye. ward seatle key seaward park pados mein paley-badhe, franklin hyee school mein padhaai kii, aur unhone garmiyon key dauran orcas dweep parr ack parivarik grishmakaaleen kebin mein samay bitaaya.
ward key shaikshanik jeevan mein ohiyo raajya vishvavidyalaya, nassa khagol jeev vigyaan sansthaan, california vishvavidyalaya, mcmaster vishvavidyalaya (jahaan unhone 1976 mein apani phd praapt kii), aur california praudyogiki sansthaan key saath shikshan pada aur peshevar sambandh shamil hain. unhein 1984 mein california vigyaan akadami key sadasya key roop mein chunaa gayaa thaa.
ward cretaceous-peliogen vilupt honey kii ghatana, permian-tricic vilupt honey kii ghatana aur aam taur parr badey paimaane parr vilupt honey mein mahir haye. unhone jaiv vividhata aur jeevaashm record parr kitaaben prakaashit kii hain. 1992 mein unaki pustak "onn methuselah trail" koo jeevaashm vigyaan samaaj seey varsh kii sarvshreshth lokpriya vigyaan pustak key roop mein "golden trilobite award" milaa. ward prani vigyaan aur khagol vigyaan key sahayak professor key roop mein bhee kaary kartaa haye.
unaki pustak "dha aind off evolution" 1994 mein prakaashit hui thee. isamen unhone teen bhaagon mein charcha kii, pratyek mein prithvi parr vilupt honey kii ghatana key baare mein charcha kii gaee thee. iss pustak koo 2000 mein "samay mein nadiyaan" key roop mein phir seey likhaa aur prakaashit kiya gayaa thaa.
ward khagolshastri donald brownley key saath sabse adhik bikane vaale "durlabh prithvih brahmand mein jatil jeevan asamanya kyon haye" key saha-lekhak hain, joe 2000 mein prakaashit huaa, jisase "durlabh prithvi" shabd kii saha-utpatti hui. usa kaam mein, lekhakon kaa sujhaav haye kii brahmand maulik roop seey unnat jeevan key prati pratikool haye, aur yeh kii, jabaki saral jeevan prachur matra mein hoe sakata haye, prithvi parr vyaapak jeevan roopon kii sambhavana utani hii unnat haye jitani kii prithvi parr haye. 2001 mein, unaki pustak "bhavishya kaa vikas" prakaashit hui, jisamen kalakar alexes rockman key chitra shamil they.
ward aur brownley "dha life aind death off planet arth" pustak key saha-lekhak bhee hain, joe prithvi key bhavishya aur antatah mrityu parr charcha kartaa haye kyonki yeh antatah ack germ aur vistaarit soorya dwara nasht hoe jaataa haye. pustak mein bataaya gayaa haye kii "durlabh prithvi" kahaan seey nikalati haye, iss baar iss baare mein baat kii gaee haye kii prithvi aur jatil aur vishesh roop seey buddhiman jeevan kaa samarthan karane kii isaki kshamata vaastav mein naa kewal antariksh mein durlabh haye, balki samay parr bhee haye. prithvi kaa bhavishya bhee dekhein.
ward kii 2007 kii pustak, "ack harey aasmaan key neecheh global warming, ateet key badey paimaane parr vilupt honey aur way hamein hamaare bhavishya key baare mein kyaa bataa sakate hain" key anusaar, itihas mein badey paimaane parr vilupt honey kii ghatnaaon mein seey ack koo chhodkar sabhi jalavaayu parivartan key kaaran saamane aaee hain. lekhak kaa tark haye kii ateet kii ghatanaaen hamaare grah key bhavishya key baare mein moolyavaan jaankaari dey sakati hain. sameekshak daug braun aage kahate hue kahate hain, "iss tarah duniya kaa anta hotaa haye."york aur leads vishvavidyalayon key vaigyaanik bhee chetavani dete hain kii jeevaashm record aasann badey paimaane parr vilupt honey key saboot kaa samarthan kartaa haye. haal hii mein, ward dheere-dheere jalavaayu parivartan kii or apani ruchi koo sthanantarit karna shuru curr rhaa haye kyonki badey paimaane parr vilupt honey kaa adhyayan karane key saath-saath yeh bhee uchit thaharaata haye kii manavata sahit buddhiman jeevan, vishesh roop seey sthaan aur samay donon key mamle mein samanya roop seey jatil jeevan kii tulanaa mein durlabh kyon haye, kyonki buddhiman jeevan kewal kuchh hazaar varshon taka rahata haye, anta mein dhwast honey aur vilupt honey seey pahale, jaisa kii "baadh vaali prithvih burf key aavaran key binaa duniya mein hamara bhavishya" pustak mein dekhaa gayaa haye, joe chala rahey aur bhavishya mein maanav nirmit jalavaayu parivartan key prabhaavon kaa dastavejikaran kartaa haye. haalaanki, 2014 mein, ward ney apani pustak "aeye nyu histry off life" key saath ack jeevaashm vigyaani key roop mein apani jadon mein vaapsee kii, joe kirshwink key saath saha-lekhak they, aur apani 2018 kii pustak, "lamerc kaa badala" mein.
ward indee sangeetkaar aur ciatal baind haye marcils key nirmaata nick ward key pitaa hain.
media parikalpana.
media parikalpana ack aisee parikalpana key liye ward dwara gadhaa gayaa shabd haye joe gaiyan parikalpana kaa virodh karati haye, yeh prastaav karate hue kii bahukoshikiya jeevan, jise ack superorganism key roop mein samajha jaataa haye, aatm-vinashkari yaa aatmghaati haye, jisase saral jeevan-roopon mein vaapsee kii anumati milati haye.
upasthiti.
peater ward koo bhoogarbhiya record mein vikas key sakshya parr charcha karane key liye pee. bee. aiss. kii "vikas" shrinkhala (2001) mein chitrit kiya gayaa thaa aur yeh "nova sciensiono" parr dikhaai diyaa haye.
way pashu grah key "pashu armagedden" (2009) key vaigyaanikon mein seey ack they. ward "tata seey tata taka" parr bhee ack atithi haye, ack radio karyakram joe jyaadaatar asadharan gatividhi aur anya aspashteekrit ghatnaaon parr visheshagyata rakhta haye.

