
makai kaa adaan-pradaan, raajaa kaa lyon

makai vinimay mangalwar key bajar sthaan, kings linn, norphoke, ingland mein ack vaanijyik imarat haye. yeh sanrachana, jise makai key adaan-pradaan key roop mein shuru kiya gayaa thaa aur abb ack karyakram sthal key roop mein upayog kiya jaataa haye, ack shreni II soochibaddh imarat haye.
itihas.
19veen shatabdi key madhya taka, shahar mein makai key vyaapaari khule mein apane saman kaa vyaapaar karate they, jisamen bajar key cross key aspas key pakki jagah mein borey dher hoe jaate they. bajar cross, joe asthir hoe gayaa thaa, 1830 mein dhwast curr diyaa gayaa thaa. 19veen shatabdi key madhya mein, raajaa key lyon mein nagrik netaaon ney ack uddeshya-nirmit makai vinimay shuru karane kaa faisala kiyaah 18veen shatabdi mein angel saraay aur phir 1834 seey ack bajar ghar dwara chune gaye sthaan parr kabja curr liya gayaa thaa, jisamen bhootal parr kasai key stall aur pahali manjil parr ack sangeet karyakram holl thaa.
vartamaan imarat koo fredrick haydon cruso aur alfred villium maberley dwara barok shally mein design kiya gayaa thaa, jise asler patthar mein banaaya gayaa thaa aur 1854 mein puuraa kiya gayaa thaa. design mein mangalwar key bajar sthaan parr teen bey kaa ack samamit mukhya saamane shamil thaa. kendriya khaadi mein ack vaastushilp key saath ack dwaar, ack chitra aur bhootal parr koshthak dwara samarthit ack cornis aur pahali manjil parr ack nakkashidar baro coat vaalaa ack panel thaa. baahari khandon mein bhootal parr samaan dwaar they aur pahali manjil parr makai key nakkashidar sheef vaale panel they. bey koo poorna-oonchaai ionic crum stambhon dwara ack modillion cornis aur ack ballustraded parapet kaa samarthan karate hue gher liya gayaa thaa. chhat key star parr, ack kendriya panel thaa jisamen "makai vinimay 1854 mein khadaa kiya gayaa" shabd utkeern kiye gaye they aur devi kii moorti, siris dwara oopar chadhaaya gayaa thaa. vastukala itihaaskaar, nicolas pavesner ney iss design koo "majakia aur ashleel" bataaya.
19veen shatabdi key anta mein british krishi key mahamandi key baad makai key adaan-pradaan key roop mein imarat kaa upayog kaafee cumm hoe gayaa. isake bajaay, yeh ack samudayik karyakram sthal bunn gayaa, lekin 1980 key dashak key dauran imarat kii sthiti mein kaafee girawat aaee. 1990 key dashak key madhya mein levit bernstein sahyogiyon dwara design kiye gaye navinikaran karyon key ack vyaapak karyakram key baad, imarat koo 1996 mein ack karyakram aur sangeet karyakram sthal key roop mein phir seey khola gayaa thaa. ack naee kaanch kii chhat mein sthaaniya itihas koo darshaane vaale sharon ting dwara design kiye gaye blind shamil they. baad key kalakaron mein maee 2005 mein sangeetkaar, midge yoore, (poorv mein ultravox key sadasya) aur sitambar 2009 mein sangeetkaar, iaan anderson, (poorv mein rock baind jethro tool key netaa) shamil they.
pahali manjil parr sthit bhawan koo dou-screen vaale cinema mein badalane key liye ack aur karyakram sitambar 2020 mein 16 laakh pound kii laagat seey puuraa kiya gayaa thaa.

