
fredrick braun

fredrick braun (29 octuber, 1906-11 march, 1972) ack americi vigyaan kathaa, kalpana aur rahasya lekhak they. 
vaha haasya key apane upayog aur 1 seey 3 prishthon kii kahaaniyon key "laghu" roop mein mahaarat hassil karane key liye jaane jaate hain, jisamen aksar saral kathaanak aur aashcharyajanak anta hotey hain. haasya aur uttar-aadhunik drishtikon unake upanyason mein bhee shamil they. unaki ack kahani, "erena", koo americi television shrinkhala key liye anukoolit kiya gayaa thaa.
unaki patni key anusaar, fredrick braun koo likhane seey nafrat thee. isaliye unhone isase bachane key liye sub kuchh kiya. vaha apani bansuri bajaata, ack dost koo shatranj key khel key liye chunauti detaa, yaa apani siyami billi, ching taah koo chhedata. aggar braun koo ack nishchit kahani parr kaam karane mein pareshani hoti, tou vaha ack lambi buss yatra parr jaataa aur buss baithata aur sochata aur anta mein kaee dinon taka sajish rachata. jaba braun anta mein ghar lauta aur khud koo typewriter key saamane baithaa, tou usane vibhinn shailiyon mein kaam kiyaah rahasya, vigyaan kathaa, laghu kalpana, kaali comedy-aur kabhi-kabhi, uparokt sabhi.
kaam kartaa haye.
braun kaa janm sinsinati mein huaa thaa. unhone 1936 mein americi patrikaon koo rahasya laghu kathaaen bechana shuru kiya. unaki pahali vigyaan kathaa, "abhee taka anta naheen", "kaptan bhavishya" patrika key sheetkaleen 1941 key ank mein prakaashit hui thee.
unakaa vigyaan kathaa upanyaas "what maid universe" (1949) palp science-faaee kahani sammelanon kii ack parody haye. "martians, goo home" (1955) ack vyaapak prahasan aur maanav kamjoriyon parr ack vyangya haye jaisa kii ack arab majakia, abhedya martian kii aankho key madhyam seey dekhaa jaataa haye joe duniya koo jeetane key liye naheen balki ise pagal karane key liye aatey hain.
"akash mein roshni sitaare hain" (1952) ack umradaraaz antariksh yatri kii kahani bataati haye joe congress dwara apane dhana mein katauti karane key baad apane priya antariksh karyakram koo patari parr laane kii koshish curr rhaa haye.
laghu kathaa "uttar" (1954) koo "haan" kaa sabse pahala pratinidhitva maanaa jaataa haye, abb "ack bhagwan haye."vigyaan kathaa kaary joe ack samanya mithak yaa ack super computer kii kinvadanti koo prerit kartaa haye joe khud koo maanav niyantran seey mukt kartaa haye. kahani mool roop seey "angels aind spaceships" mein prakaashit hui thee aur poore sangrah koo baad mein paperback anukoolan key liye "starr shine" key roop mein phir seey prakaashit kiya gayaa thaa."
braun kii flashes fiction laghu kahani "dha hobbyst" (1961) sangstrom naam key ack vyakti key baare mein haye, joe ack agyaat jahar kii hatash khoj mein haye, lekin vaha usase adhik mill rhaa haye jisake liye usane moll-bhaav kiya thaa.
laghu kahani "akhaada" kaa upayog shrinkhala mein usee naam key prakaran key aadhar key roop mein kiya gayaa thaa. ise 1973 mein adbhut comics sheershak "worlds ananon" key ank 4 key liye bhee anukoolit kiya gayaa thaa."
braun key pahale rahasya upanyaas, "shandar clipjoint" ney utkrisht pahale rahasya upanyaas key liye edger puraskar jeetaa. isane aid aur ambrose shikari abhineet ack shrinkhala shuru kii jisamen dikhaaya gayaa haye kii kaise ack yuva vyakti dheere-dheere apane chaacha key sanrakshan mein ack jasus key roop mein paripakva hoe jaataa haye, joe ack poorv-niji aankh haye joe abb ack carnival riyayatkarta key roop mein kaam curr rhaa haye.
unaki kaee pustaken anta mein "seedhi" vyakhya aaney seey pahale alaukik yaa gupt key khatare kaa upayog karati hain. udaaharan key liye, "night off dha jaberwalk" ack chhote shahar key samachar patra sampaadak key jeevan mein ack asadharan dinn kii ack hasyapurna kathaa haye.
"dha cheating mimi" 1958 kii ack film bunn gaee jisamen aneeta ekberg aur jipsey rose lii ney abhinay kiya thaa. iska nirdeshan gerd oswald ney kiya thaa, jinhone "baahari seema" key "funn aind games" episode kaa bhee nirdeshan kiya thaa. iska kathaanak braun kii laghu kahani "erena" aur "dha phaar cry" key samaan thaa, joe cornell woolrich key kaam kii yaad dilaata haye. "udaar janwar" kaee pratham-vyakti drishtikon kaa prayog kartaa haye, unamen seey ack komal, gahara dhaarmik serial killer haye, aur arizona key americi raajya mein anglos aur latino key beach nasleeya tanaav kii jaanch kartaa haye. "yahaan ack mombatti aatee haye" koo seedhe kathaa khandon mein ack radio script, ack patkatha, ack khel prasaran, ack teleplay, ack munch naatak aur ack samachar patra lekh key saath baari-baari seey bataaya jaataa haye.
lokpriyata aur prabhaav.
unaki laghu kahani "akhaada" koo america key vigyaan kathaa lekhakon dwara 1965 seey pahale likhi gaee sheersh 20 vigyaan kathaa kahaaniyon mein seey ack key roop mein chunaa gayaa thaa. unaki 1945 kii laghu kahani "dha waveries" kaa varnan phillip key dwara kiya gayaa thaa. dick key roop mein "sabse mahatvapurna kyaa hoe sakata haye-aashcharyajanak roop seey tou-kahani vigyaan-faaee abhee taka nirmit naheen hui haye. nock" kii shuruat apane aap mein ack poorna dou-vaakya laghu-kahani haye.
braun robbert aeye key teen samarpit logon mein seey ack thaa. henlen kaa 1961 kaa upanyaas "ack ajib bhoomi mein ajnabi" (anya dou robert cornogue aur phillip jose kisan they).
1950 seey daravani shally key ack sarvekshan, apani gair-kaalpanik pustak "dance mcabrey" (1981) mein, lekhak stephen king ney usa avadhi kii "lagbhag ack sou" prabhaavshaali pustakon kaa ack parishisht shamil kiya haih fredrick braun key laghu-kahani sangrah "burey sapane aur geysonstacks" koo shamil kiya gayaa haye, aur isake alawa, una chuninda karyon mein seey ack key roop mein tarankit kiya gayaa haye jinhen "vishesh roop seey mahatvapurna" maanaa jaataa haye.
braun kii laghu kahani "naturally" koo "geometria" key roop mein rupaantarit kiya gayaa thaa, joe nirdeshak gillermo dell toro dwara banaai gaee ack laghu film thee. ack aur laghu kahani, "dha last martian", koo "maanav ruchi kii kahani" key roop mein rupaantarit kiya gayaa thaa, joe "alfred hitchock prastut kartaa haye" kaa ack prakaran thaa. spen mein, unaki laghu kahani "duhswapna mein peela" koo "ell complinos" (janmadin) key roop mein rupaantarit kiya gayaa thaa, joe "historius paira noo dormir" kaa pahala episode thaa.
dha annotated ellis" (1960) mein, martin gardner ney braun key "night off dha jaberwalk" koo "shandar roop seey majedar rahasya upanyaas" key roop mein sandarbhit kiya haye... ack utkrisht kathaa rachana jiska "ellis" pustakon seey ghanishth sambandh haye."
phillip key key amazon key roopaantaran key teesare season key teesare episode mein. dick kii "dha maine inn dha hyee casal" oberstgrouphenfuhrer smith tippani karate hain, jaba duniya key beach yatra kii sambhavana key baare mein bataaya gayaa, kii "yeh fredrick braun seey kuchh baahar haye", jiska arth haye kii braun kaa kaam poorv sanyukt raajya key german-kabje vaale kshetron mein jaanaa jaataa haye.
unake upanyaas "dha lights inn dha skye aar stars" ney 2007 key anime "gurren laigan" key antim episode koo apana naam diyaa haye.
daarshanik aur upanyaskar umberto iko ney apani pustak "kurupata parr" mein braun kii laghu kahani "centry" koo "samkaaleen vigyaan kathaa dwara nirmit sabse achchi laghu kahaaniyon mein seey ack" key roop mein varnit kiya haye aur isake anta mein isake modd kaa upayog iss udaaharan key roop mein kiya haye kii kurupata aur saundaryashastra vibhinn sanskritiyon key saapeksh kaise hain.
braun kii kahani "akash mein roshni sitaare hain" koo adhyaay 39 key anta mein taishi tsutsi key mangaa "humm kabhi naheen seekhate" yaa "humm kabhi naheen seekhate" mein sandarbhit kiya gayaa thaa.