
worfasungsbuskwerde

(vyaktigat) samvaidhaanik shikayat () german kaanoon mein ack asadharan kanuni upaay haye. yeh prakriya sanghiya ganarajya germany ("grundegesetz", sankshipt jee. jee.) key mool kaanoon key tahat samvaidhaanik adhikaaron koo sahee thaharaane kaa kaary karati haye. samvaidhaanik shikayaton kaa nirnay kewal sanghiya samvaidhaanik adalat dwara kiya jaataa haye.<bee. aar.> in business year 2018, the court recorded 5678 constitutional complaints filed, of which only 92 were granted relief, in total. haalaanki, iss tarah kii raahat asamvaidhaanik paae gaye qaanoon koo radd karane key liye bhee hoe sakati haye.<bee. aar.>
samvaidhaanik shikayat (sankshipt mein bverfg) mein nirdhaarit kii gaee haye, joe kii jee. jee. kalaa key anusaar sanghiya samvaidhaanik adalat kii sthaapana karane vaalaa kaanoon haye. 93, paira. 2.<bee. aar.>
samvaidhaanik shikayat mool roop seey sanghiya kaanoon (bverfg § 90 et seq) mein samhitaabaddh kii gaee thee.), aur shuru mein samvidhaan dwara hii guaranti naheen dee gaee thee. ise 1969 mein ack raajneetik saude key roop mein samvidhaan mein shamil kiya gayaa thaa. iss samay, samvidhaan koo vivadaspad roop seey sanshodhit kiya gayaa thaa taaki buniyaadi adhikaaron parr asthaayi pratibandhon kii anumati dete hue apavaad () kii ghoshana kii jaa sakey. yeh mahsoos kiya gayaa kii samvaidhaanik shikayat upchaar koo samvidhaan mein nihit kiya jaanaa chaahiye taaki ise ack sadharan nirsan dwara samaapt honey seey rokaa jaa sakey.<bee. aar.>
shikayat kii sweekaryata.
kalaa. 93, paira. 1, naheen. buniyaadi kaanoon kaa 4aeye una adhikaaron kii ganana kartaa haye joe samvaidhaanik shikayat kaa vishay hoe sakate hain. yeye jee. jee. lekhon 1-19 mein paae jaane vaale buniyaadi adhikaar ("grundrechte") hain, saath hii saath samkaksh (kalaa) maane jaane vaale adhikaar bhee hain. 33, 38, 101, 103 yaa 104, jee. jee.; kalaa bhee. 20, paira. 4, jee. jee.), chunaav key liye khade honey yaa nyayadhish dwara suney jaane key adhikaar kii tarah.<bee. aar.>
samvaidhaanik shikayat praakritik vyaktiyon aur kanuni vyaktiyon key liye khuli haye. haalaanki, samvaidhaanik adhikaar kewal kanuni vyaktiyon parr lagu hotey hain kyonki unhein samajhadaari seey una parr lagu kiya jaa sakata haye (kalaa. 19, paira. 3, jee. jee.).<bee. aar.>
samvaidhaanik shikayat kewal tabhi sweekarya haye jaba shikayatkarta key paas, dakhil karane key samay, aisaa karane key liye kanuni sthiti ("basewordebugnis") hoe. unhein yeh aarop lagaana chaahiye kii unake buniyaadi adhikaaron yaa samkaksh adhikaaron mein seey ack (oopar ganana dekhein) kaa ullanghan german raajya shakti kii kaarravaai yaa chook seey kiya gayaa haye. isamen sarkaar key kissy bhee star dwara kiye gaye kaary (way naheen joe europeeya sangh kii agencies dwara seedhe kiye gaye hain, kyonki way german raajya kaa hissa naheen hain), aur sarkaar kaa koee bhee kaary (karyakari, nyaayik, vidhaayi) shamil hain.<bee. aar.>
vishesh roop seey, adhiniyam yaa chook koo anivarya roop seey
shikayatkarta key khilaf adalat kaa faisala yaa prashaasnik adesh honey parr sthiti lagbhag hamesha dee jaati haye. kaanoon dwara samvaidhaanik adhikaaron kaa ullanghan bhee kaarravaai yogya haye; haalaanki, adhikansh kaanoon aatm-nishpaadan naheen karate hain, aur isaliye tatkaal aavashyakta mein whiffle hoe jaate hain.<bee. aar.>
ack asadharan upchaar key roop mein samvaidhaanik shikayat niyamit upchaaron kii sahayak haye, vishesh roop seey tatkaal adalaton mein appeal. iska matlab dou cheejen hain. pahali baat yeh haye kii apeelkarta koo anya sabhi sambhaavit upchaaron koo samaapt curr denaa chaahiye, jisamen nyaayik roop seey naheen suney jaane key prakriyaatmak aadhar parr shikayat bhee shamil haye. yahee kaaran haye kii vyaavhaarik roop seey, samvaidhaanik shikaayaten jyaadaatar nyaayik krityon key khilaf nirdeshit kii jaati hain, naa kii karyapalika key krityon key khilaf (jinhen abhee bhee prashaasnik adalaton key samaksh ladaa jaa sakata haye). doosara (aur yeh kaaran kii itani saaree shikayaton koo asweekarya key roop mein khariz curr diyaa jaataa haye), shikayatkarta ney apane anya upchaaron key dauran ullanghan kaa mudda pahale hii uthaaya hoga.<bee. aar.>
isake alawa, shikayat likhit roop mein prastut kii jaani chaahiye, aur mamle mein uchit sakshya sanlagn karke tark diyaa jaanaa chaahiye. jiss kaarravaai yaa chook key dwara shikayatkarta aarop lagaata haye kii unake adhikaaron kaa ullanghan kiya gayaa haye, usey nirdisht kiya jaanaa chaahiye, jaisa kii kathit roop seey ullanghan kiye gaye vishisht adhikaar koo nirdisht kiya jaanaa chaahiye. kissy kaanoon key khilaf shikaayaten lagu honey key ack saal key bheetar darj kii jaani chaahiye; anya krityon key khilaf shikaayaten seva yaa adhisuchana key baad ack maheene key bheetar darj kii jaani chaahiye.<bee. aar.>
anya kanuni aadeshon mein tulaniya upchaar.
worfasungsbashworde" kuchh mamalon mein "emparo kii ritt" jaisa dikhta haye, joe kuchh spanish bhashi deshon mein upalabdh ack upaay haye.

