ruzaa vanclosca

ruja vanclosca (15 disambar, 1889-1977), jinhen vyaapak roop seey gulab vinslo key roop mein jaanaa jaataa haye aur baad mein shaadi dwara gulab lions key roop mein jaanaa jaataa haye, ack polish-americi matadhikarvadi, karkhane key nireekshak aur trade union aayojak they. vaha rashtriya mahila party kii ack samarpit sadasya theen. iss sangathan key bheetar vanclosca kaa mukhya lakshya mahilaaon key liye kaaryasthal mein uchit vyavhaar kii vakaalat karna thaa. unhone ack abhinetri aur kavi key roop mein bhee kaam kiya.
praarambhik jeevan.
vanclosca kaa janm polland key congress key suvalki mein huaa thaa aur jaba vaha ack shishu thee taba apane maataa-pitaa key saath sanyukt raajya america mein buss gaee thee. gyaarah saal kii umr mein, unhone pitsburg mein hojri udyog mein ack mill ladki key roop mein kaam karna shuru kiya. unake pitaa ack khanik they aur unake bhaai ack slate pickers they. vanclosca ney philadelphia mein karkhanon mein bhee kaam kiya. jaba vaha unnis saal kii thee, taba usey tapedik hoe gayaa thaa aur vaha dou saal taka kaam karane mein asamarth thee. iss dauran, vanclosca ney raat key school mein padhaai kii aur ack shramik aayojak key roop mein kaam karna shuru kiya.
baad mein jeevan.
vanclosca ney rashtriya upabhokta leag aur rashtriya mahila trade union leag key saath newyork shahar mein ack karkhane nireekshak aur ack trade union aayojak key roop mein kaam kiya. unhone rashtriya mahila party mein shamil honey seey pahale 1913 taka mahila key raajneetik sangh key saath bhee kaam kiya. vanclosca apani sangh sakriyata key varshon key dauran ack utkrisht saarvajanik vaktaa bunn gaeen aur aksar rashtriya mahila party kii sansthaapak ellis paul key saath matadhikar railiyon mein bolate hue desh bhar mein yatra karati theen. halanki, vanclosca rashtriya mahila party mein shramik varg kii mahilaaon aur purushon koo shamil karane kii vakaalat karati thee, jabaki paul purushon koo sangathit naheen karna chaahte they aur apane munch parr shram samarthak sandesh koo protsaahit naheen karate they. farwari 1914 mein, vanclosca aur doris stevens ney kamkaji mahilaaon key liye ack saamoohik baithak mein baat kii aur ack saamoohik matadhikar pared kaa ayojan kiya jisamen kamkaji mahilaaon ney matadhikar adhikaaron parr vudro willson seey milane key liye white house kii or cooch kiya. 1914 mein bhee, vanclosca aur luci burns california mein mahila matadhikar key liye congress sangh key netaa they, taaki matdaataon seey loktaantrik congress ummidvaaron kaa virodh karane kaa aagrah kiya jaa sakey. unhone 1916 key chunavi abhiyaanon key dauran anya ayojakon key saath wamming mein isi tarah kaa kaam kiya. iss samay key dauran, unhone ack kavita bhee likhi, "mahilaaon key liye 'naee swatantrata', joe" dha matadhikar "mein prakaashit hui thee. vahaan unhone willson kii tulanaa abraham linken seey kii, jinhone daason koo swatantrata dene key liye apane jeevan kaa balidan diyaa. willson ney isake vipareet matadhikar key adhivaktaon seey kahaa, "aap intezar curr sakate hain."
1917 mein, vaha white house mein mook santai virodh kaa hissa theen. 15 octuber, 1917 koo, vanclosca koo giraftar kiya gayaa, saat maheene kii jail kii sajaa sunai gaee, aur virginia mein aukokwan workhouse mein bheja gayaa. ack baar jail mein, vanclosca aur usake saathi picketers koo dhamki dee gaee, hamla kiya gayaa aur durvyavahar kiya gayaa. vanclosca koo, khud, cumm seey cumm paanch saptah key liye ekant karawas mein rakhaa gayaa thaa. inn durvyavaharon key parinamswarup bhookh hadtaal hui, ack prateekaatmak virodh jisane adhikaariyon koo yaa tou unhein riha karane yaa unhein jabaran khilaakar yaatana dene key liye majboor kiya. iss pradarshan kaa uddeshya picketers koo aaparaadhik kaidiyon key bajaay raajneetik kaidiyon key roop mein pahachaanana bhee thaa. iss dauran, vanclosca apane pati phillip lyons aur apane doston koo patron kii taskari karati thee. inmein seey ack patra mein vaha likhati hain, "main yeh dekhane key liye intezar curr rahee huun kii kyaa hotaa haye jaba rashtrapati koo ehsas hotaa haye kii kroor badmashi ghar parr nyaay kii maang koo nipataane key liye ack rajneta jaisa tarika naheen haye...yahaan key sabhi adhikaari jaanate hain kii humm yeh bhookh hadtaal curr rahey hain kii swatantrata key liye ladane vaali mahilaaon koo raajneetik kaidi maanaa jaa sakata haye; hamane unhein bataaya haye. bhagwan jaanata haye kii humm naheen chaahte kii doosari mahilaaon koo phir kabhi aisaa karna padey."antatah sabhi mahilaaon koo riha curr diyaa gayaa aur adalaton ney faisala sunaaya kii giraftari anuchit thee. dou saal seey adhik samay taka white house mein pradarshan key baad, congress ney 19vein sanshodhan koo manjuri dee aur ise anusamarthan key liye raajyon koo bhej diyaa, jisake baad agast 1920 mein raajneetik sakriyata mein unaki bhagidari white house mein pradarshan aur baad mein jail key samay key saath samaapt hoe gaee.
jail seey riha honey key turant baad vanclosca ney shaadi curr lii, aur 1920 kii janganana mein unhein aur unake pati phillip lyon koo greenwich gaanv mein rahane key liye soochibaddh kiya gayaa. unhone khud koo ack abhinetri key roop mein soochibaddh kiya aur newyork shahar aur provinctown mein kaee natakon mein pradarshan kiya, jisamen 1924 mein broadway parr eugene oh 'neel kii "ichcha key tahat elms" mein ack hissa shamil thaa. unhone apane pahale naam, ruja vanclosca key tahat pradarshan kiya. usaki mrityu kii tarikh spasht naheen haye. apane 1940 key sansmaran mein, "kalakar sabse gandi baatein kahate hain", usa vyakti ney usake baare mein likhaa thaa "dair seey gulab jeet". haalaanki, library off congress kii website, "virodh kii mahilaaenh rashtriya mahila party key record seey tasveeren", ingit karati haye kii unaki mrityu 1977 mein hui thee. yeh sabse adhik sambhavana haye kii unaki mrityu 1977 mein hui thee.
viraasat.
doris stevens ney 1913 aur 1919 key beach sanyukt raajya america mein ugravaadi matadhikariyon key itihas, "jail forr friedam" (1920) mein aukokwan workhouse mein bitaaye gaye apane samay key vanclosca kii taskari kii diarry key ansh prakaashit kiye.
2004 kii film "iron jabade vaale angels" mein unhein vera farmiga dwara chitrit kiya gayaa thaa. haalaanki, iss film mein, vanclosca key charitra kaa upayog sabhi shramik-varg kii mahilaaon kaa pratinidhitva karane key liye ack samagr charitra key roop mein kiya gayaa haye, jinhone mahilaaon key matadhikar andolan mein yogdan diyaa, aur matadhikar andolan mein unaki bhoomika koo cumm karke dikhaaya gayaa haye; vaastavik jeevan mein, vanclosca matadhikar andolan mein ack pramukh khilaadi theen. film ingit karati haye kii vanclosca matadhikar andolan mein shamil honey key liye prerit thee, jaba ellis paul ney bataaya kii matdan kaa adhikaar rakhane vaali mahila bhee apani raay rakhane mein saksham haye, jaise kii ack surakshit kaary vatavaran kii aavashyakta. yeh spasht naheen haye kii vanclosca koo pahali baar ellis paul aur rashtriya mahila party seey kaba parichit karaaya gayaa thaa, lekin yeh gyaat haye kii vanclosca iss parichay seey pahale ack raajneetik karyakarta theen aur vaha "lohe key jabade vaale swargadooton" mein sujhaae gaye karyon kii tulanaa mein bahut adhik cheejen karengi.
2017 mein nancy quin collins kii pustak "nariwadi nibandh" prakaashit hui thee; yeh vanclosca koo samarpit thee.

