
synclair nivesh (yuu. key.) limitted banaam varsaay vyaapaar vitt limitted

 yeh ack angreji nyaas kaanoon kaa mamla haye, joe rachanaatmak nyaason seey sambandhit haye. "synclair" ([jahan taka] jaisa kii yeh "" heron "" aur "" lister "" parr nirbhar thaa yaa uska paalan kartaa thaa) koo julaai 2014 mein yuke supreme court dwara "" fhr europeeya udyam llp banaam seeder capital partners llc "" mein aanshik roop seey khariz curr diyaa gayaa thaa. 
tathya.
1995 aur 1999 key beach vibhinn niveshakon ney, jinamen synclair nivesh (yuu. key.) limitted bhee shamil haye, maal mein vyaapaar karane key liye vyaparik bhagidaron koo dhana kaa bhugtan kiya. shree kushni nideshak they, unhone paise koo ack anya company koo sthanantarit curr diyaa, jiska swaamitva unake paas thaa jise varsaay trade finance limitted kahaa jaataa thaa, joe kaarak vyavasaay mein sanlagn honey key liye thaa. isake bajaay, varsaay ney dhokhadhadi seey aanshik roop seey vyapariyon koo 'laabh' kaa bhugtan karane key liye paise kaa upayog kiya, lekin shree clau dwara bhee chori kiya gayaa thaa, yaa anya companiyon key aspas prasaarit kiya gayaa thaa taaki yeh prateet hoe sakey kii vaastavik vyavasaay hoe rhaa thaa. shree kushni ney 1999 mein apane share £ 28.69m mein beche. iss paise mein seey, £ 9.19m varsaay samooh koo, £1m seey mr cloff, £ 1.75m vyapariyon koo, £ 2.25m rinn kaa bhugtan natwest koo, aur £ 11.47m seey rbs, jisamen seey £ 1.49m ack overdraft punarbhugataan thaa aur £ <6> kensington sampatti parr surakshit rinn kaa punarbhugataan thaa. varsaay kii khoj kii gaee thee, aur ise praapt karane mein daal diyaa gayaa thaa. vyaparik bhagidaron limitted ney varsaay kii gatividhiyon key kaaran paisa khou diyaa thaa, aur julaai 2000 mein parisamapan mein bhee daal diyaa gayaa thaa.
synclair jaise lendaaron kii or seey, vyaparik bhagidar limitted (abb parisamaapak dwara sanchaalit) ney ack rachanaatmak nyaas key tahat sheyaron kii bikri seey shree kushni key laabh mein swaamitva kaa daavaa kiya. varsaay aur bainkon ney tark diyaa kii way ack pramanik kharidar bachaav kaa prayog curr sakate hain. yeh usa dhana key hakdar honey kaa bhee daavaa kartaa haye joe vyaparik bhagidaron seey varsaay mein chalaa gayaa aur varsaay key dhana key saath milaaya gayaa thaa, jiska pataa bainkon key haathon mein lagaaya jaa sakata thaa.
kushni aur clau koo chhah-chhah saal kii jail kii sajaa sunai gaee (clau koo ghataakar paanch curr diyaa gayaa) aur unhein kramshah 15 aur 10 saal key liye nideshak honey key liye ayogya ghoshit curr diyaa gayaa.
nirnay.
uchch nyayalaya.
jey. levisone ney kahaa kii "metropolitan baink banaam heron" aur "lister aind koo vee stub" mein appeal nirnayon kii adalat koo ingland mein khariz naheen kiya gayaa thaa, aur abhee bhee badhyakari bunny hui haye. swaamitva upchaar kii prakriti key baare mein unhone kahaah
yahaan koee vishvaas paida naheen hoga. tii. pee. ell. kaa sheyaron kii bikri seey praapt aaya mein koee swaamitva hita naheen thaa, aur bhale hii way aisaa karate they, baink "pramanik" kharidar they, aur unake khilaf daavaa naheen kiya jaa sakata thaa. haalaanki, tii. pee. ell. ney paise key liye ack swaamitva daavaa kiya thaa joe varsaay koo diyaa gayaa thaa, joe varsaay apane swayam key saath mishrit thaa, aur iss prakaar ise receivers dwara bainkon koo dee gaee raashi mein pataa lagaa sakata thaa.
appeal kii adalat.
ack sarvasammat nirnay mein, appeal aur cross-appeal koo khariz curr diyaa gayaa. newberger shree ney kahaa kii appeal pradhikaran kii purani adalat badhyakari thee, aur sampatti parr kewal equity mein vyaktigat daavaa thaa.
appeal parr, prashn theh
apani appeal mein, tii. pee. ell. ney tark diyaa kii "hangkang vee. reed key liye attorney general" kaa paalan kiya jaanaa chaahiye. newberger ney jawab diyaah
tii. pee. ell. kaa sheyaron kii bikri seey praapt aaya parr koee swaamitva daavaa naheen thaa. halanki shree see key nyasi karyalaya key binaa share laabh praapt naheen hoe sakata thaa, lekin aaya tii. pee. ell. key swaamitva mein naheen thee. davedar koo vishvaas key ullanghan mein arjit dhana key liye ack nyaaysangat khaate key bajaay ack swaamitva byaaj naheen mill sakata thaa, jaba taka kii yeh pahale seey hii labharthi kii sampatti koo labhanvit naheen curr rhaa thaa, yaa trusty ney ack avsar yaa adhikaar kaa laabh uthaakar ise arjit naheen kiya thaa joe uchit roop seey labharthi kaa thaa. ise kewal ack nyasi kii sthiti mein honey seey praapt sampatti seey alag kiya jaanaa chaahiye. nidhiyon key prati equity mein ack vyaktigat daavaa thaa. shree see ney sheyaron key sambandh mein nyasi jaise kartavyon kaa bhugtan naheen kiya thaa
bhale hii tii. pee. ell. ney sheyaron kii bikri kii aaya parr malikana daavaa kiya hoe, lekin jaba unhein yeh soochana millie tou bainkon koo isaki koee soochana naheen thee, aur isaliye leavison jey yeh nirnay lene key hakdar they kii baink daave seey mukt hoe gaye. mishrit nidhi mein tii. pee. ell. key swaamitva vaale byaaj kaa daavaa vaapas kiye jaane seey pahale bainkon koo koee notice naheen thaa.
tracing key liye samanya niyam yeh haye kii "yadi koee vyakti apane saath trust fund koo milata haye, tou poore koo trust sampatti key roop mein maanaa jaayega, sivaay isake kii vaha apana kyaa haye, yeh bhed karane mein saksham hoe sakata haye."yeh adalat dwara sambhaavanaon key santulan parr nirdhaarit kiya jaanaa chaahiye. iss mamle mein, bainkon aur praaptakartaon ney achche vishvaas key saath kaam kiya thaa, bhale hii unhone iss baare mein kanuni salah lii hoe kii kyaa mishrit nidhi mein swaamitva byaaj thaa.
richard elje aur galey milate hue elje sahmat hue.
mahatva.
lord newberger kaa vishleshan teen vyaapak shreniyon mein vibhajit kartaa haye-aisee paristhitiyaan jinamen ack nyasi nyasi kartavya key ullanghan mein laabh praapt kartaa haih
jabaki pahali dou shreniyon mein laabh ack rachanaatmak vishvaas koo janm denge, teesari shreni mein way naheen honge. haalaanki, kissy koo "aff. aar. europeeya udyam ell. ell. pee. banaam devdaar poonji bhagidar ell. ell. see." mein sarvocch nyayalaya key faisale koo bhee dhyaan mein rakhna chaahiye, jahaan ack agent dwara sweekaar kii gaee rishwat yaa gupt commission usake pradhaan key liye trust mein rakhe jaayenge.
"synclair" koo ack vivadaspad nirnay key roop mein dekhaa gayaa haye-vishesh roop seey isake nishkarsh mein kii ack swaamitva hita utpann naheen huaa thaa, kyonki ack diwalia mein swaamitva adhikaar prathamikta rakhate hain, joe kii ack pyramid yojana mein kendriya mahatva kaa haye jaise kii shree see dwara sanchaalit. yeh bhee tark diyaa jaataa haye kii rishwat praapt karane vaale yaa usase arjit laabh koo chheenana yaa teesare paksh key haathon mein iska pataa lagaana abb utanaa aasaan naheen hoga. yeh rashtramandal aur sanyukt raajya america key anya kshetradhikaron key saath bhinn haih australia kii sanghiya adalat ney isake bajaay "reed" kaa paalan karna pasand kiya, jaisa kii british kolambiya adalat ney appeal kii haye.
haalaanki, yeh dhyaan mein rakhaa jaanaa chaahiye kii "synclair" ([jahan taka] jaisa kii yeh "heron" aur "lister" parr nirbhar thaa yaa uska paalan kartaa thaa) koo julaai 2014 mein united kingdam supreme court dwara "aff. aar. aar. europeeya udyam ell. ell. pee. banaam seeder capital partners ell. ell. see" mein (aanshik roop seey) khariz curr diyaa gayaa thaa.

