
sanyukt raajya america vee. sineneng-smith

sanyukt raajya america vee. sineneng-smith, 590 yuu.aiss. _ _ (2020), sanyukt raajya america key sarvocch nyayalaya kaa ack mamla thaa, jisamen nyayadhishon ney 8 yuu kii samvaidhaaniktaa parr vichaar kiya.aiss.see. dhaara 1324 (aeye) (1) (aeye) (iv), 1952 key aapravaasan aur rashtriyata adhiniyam kaa ack praavdhaan joe avaidh aapravaasan koo protsaahit karane yaa prerit karane koo aparaadh maanata haye. iss mamle ney nagrik swatantrata samoohon aur aapravaasan adhivaktaon kaa dhyaan aakarshit kiya, jisamen americi nagrik swatantrata sangh, apravasi raksha pariyojana aur rashtriya vakeelon kaa sangh shamil hain.
nichali adalaton mein mamle mein salaahkaar avalin sineneng-smith dwara green card pramanan key liye kagji kaarravaai taiyar karane mein kii gaee sambhaavit dhokhadhadi seey nipata gayaa thaa, jise vaha jaanati thee kii kabhi bhee anumodit naheen kiya jaayega. jabaki sineneng-smith ney tark diyaa thaa kii aapravaasan aur rashtriya adhiniyam key vishisht khand key aadhar ney nichali adalaton mein unake pahale sanshodhan adhikaaron kaa ullanghan kiya, jaba mamla appeal key nauvein circuit court mein pahuncha, tou nyayadhishon ney yeh vichaar pesh kiya kii usa khand key doshasiddhi kaa kaanoon unake pahale sanshodhan adhikaaron key tahat atyadhik vyaapak thaa, ack aisaa mudda jise kissy bhee paksh dwara naheen laaya gayaa thaa. nauvein circuit ney baad mein kaanoon koo asamvaidhaanik bataate hue khariz curr diyaa aur sineneng-smith kii sajaa koo palat diyaa.
sarvocch nyayalaya mein, maee 2020 mein sarvasammat nirnay ney "green low banaam key tahat sthaapit party prastuti key siddhant kaa ullanghan karane key liye nauvein circuit key nirnay koo khaali curr diyaa. sanyukt raajya america, "554 yuu.aiss. 237 (2008). uchchatam nyayalaya ney mamle koo "appeal panel dwara hastakshep kii gaee atee vyaapak jaanch parr punarvichaar karane aur pakshon dwara aakar diye gaye mamle seey uchit samaantaa rakhane key liye nauvein circuit mein bhej diyaa."
prishthabhoomi.
kanuni itihas.
1952 kaa aapravaasan aur rashtriyata adhiniyam, jise mccarren-walter adhiniyam key roop mein bhee jaanaa jaataa haye, koo prakritikkaran aur aapravaasan kaanoon pravartan key aspas key niyamon koo samhitaabaddh karane key liye adhiniyamit kiya gayaa thaa. inn varshon mein, isamen kaee baar sanshodhan kiya gayaa haye, jisamen 1986 mein ack aparaadh koo anadhikrit aapravaasan koo protsaahit karane kaa kaary banaane key liye ack praavdhaan jodaa gayaa thaa. ise 8 yuu mein samhitaabaddh kiya gayaa thaa.aiss.see. dhaara 1324 (aeye) (1) (aeye) (iv), jisamen kahaa gayaa haye kii yeh ack aparaadh haih
[kissy videshi koo sanyukt raajya mein aaney, pravesh karane yaa rahane key liye protsaahit karna yaa iss tathya kii laparwahi seey upeksha karna kii aisaa aanaa, pravesh yaa nivaas kaanoon kaa ullanghan haye yaa hoga...
mamle kii jaankaari.
1990 seey 2008 taka, avalin sineneng-smith ney saine jose, california mein ack aapravaasan paramarsh firm kaa sanchaalan kiya, joe jyaadaatar sanyukt raajya america mein rahane aur kaam karane vaale philipino pravasiyon kii seva karati thee. sineneng-smith ney grahakon koo "shram pramanan" key liye aavedan karane mein sahaayata kii, joe unhein bataaya kii green card key liye aavedan karane kii disha mein pahala kadam thaa joe unhein sanyukt raajya mein vaidh sthaayi nivasi banane kii anumati dega.
 unhone pramanan key liye dakhil karane mein apani sahaayata key liye pratyek graahak seey 6,800 dollar kaa pratidhaaran shulk liya. 2001 mein, "shram pramanan" karyakram kii avadhi samaapt hoe gaee. phir bhee, sineneng-smith ney atirikt grahakon koo saain upp karane aur yeh jaanane key baad bhee kii shram pramanan prakriya abb maujood naheen haye, pratidhaaran shulk sweekaar karane parr jore diyaa.
2010 mein, ack grand juurii ney sineneng-smith koo vibhinn aaropon mein doshi thaharaaya, jisamen daak dhokhadhadi aur 8 yuu key ullanghan shamil hain.aiss.see. dhaara 1324 (aeye) (1) (aeye) (iv) sanyukt raajya america mein anadhikrit pravasiyon koo rahane key liye protsaahit karane yaa prerit karane key liye. abhiyojakon key anusaar, usane lagbhag 2,000 pravasiyon koo dhokha diyaa thaa aur 2004 seey 2007 taka grahakon seey 33 laakh dollar seey adhik kaa bhugtan jamaa kiya thaa.
nichali adalaton mein.
sineneng-smith parr 2013 mein sanghiya adalat mein california key uttari jile key liye sanyukt raajya america kii jilaa adalat mein nyayadhish ronald white key saamane daak dhokhadhadi key teen mamalon aur vittiya laabh key liye avaidh aapravaasan koo protsaahit karane key teen mamalon mein mukadama chalaaya gayaa thaa. 12 dinon key mukadame key baad, juurii ney shuru mein usey sabhi mamalon mein doshi paaya. halanki, nyayadhish white ney aparyaapt sabooton key kaaran dou mamalon (avaidh aapravaasan aur daak dhokhadhadi koo protsaahit karane key liye ack-ack) mein burry karane kaa faisala sunaaya. baad mein usane 2002 aur 2003 mein galat curr vivarani dakhil karane key dou atirikt aaropon key liye doshi thaharaaya. 2015 mein, usey avaidh aapravaasan, daak dhokhadhadi koo protsaahit karane aur galat curr vivarani jamaa karane key liye ack saal aur chhah maheene kii jail kii sajaa sunai gaee; usey 15,000 dollar kaa jurmana, 43,550 dollar kii kshatipurti aur teen saal kii paryavekshit rihaai bhee millie.
sineneng-smith ney nauvein circuit key liye sanyukt raajya america kii appeal adalat mein apani doshasiddhi kii appeal kii. teen nyayadhishon kaa ack panel jisamen nyayadhish aaa shamil hotey hain. valles tashima, marsha berzon aur andreau hervitz ney aprail 2017 mein unaki appeal parr maukhik daleelen suneen. navambar mein, isane sanghiya saarvajanik rakshakon aur apravasi adhikaar samoohon seey iss sawal parr sankshipt jaankaari maangane kaa asamanya kadam uthaaya kii kyaa avaidh pravasiyon koo america mein pravesh karane yaa rahane key liye protsaahit karane parr pratibandh lagaane vaalaa kaanoon sanyukt raajya america key samvidhaan key pahale sanshodhan kaa ullanghan thaa. disambar 2018 mein, isane sineneng-smith key daak dhokhadhadi key doshasiddhi koo barkarar rakhate hue ack adesh jaari kiya, lekin avaidh aapravaasan koo protsaahit karane key aarop mein usaki doshasiddhi koo palatate hue kahaa kii kaanoon samvaidhaanik roop seey sanrakshit bhaashan koo aparaadh maanata haye.
sanghiya sarkaar ney nauvein circuit key faisale key khilaf sarvocch nyayalaya mein appeal kii, jisane octuber 2019 mein pramaan patra key ritt key liye sarkaar kii yachika koo manjuri dey dee, aur mamle kii sunavaai key liye sahmat hoe gaee.
sarvocch nyayalaya.
adalat ney farwari 2020 mein maukhik daleelen suneen aur 7 maee, 2020 koo apani raay jaari kii.
nyaayamurti rooth bedder ginsberg dwara likhit adalat kii sarvasammat raay mein kahaa gayaa haye kii circuit adalat ney "paksh kii prastuti key siddhant seey kathor vimukhta" key bajaay "prastut mamle kaa nirnay lene" key bajaay, apani seemaon koo paar karke vivek kaa durupyog kiya thaa, jaisa kii "green low banaam. sanyukt raajya america "(554 yuu.aiss. 237 (2008). ginsberg ney likhaah "adaalaten anivarya roop seey sarkaar key nishkriya saadhan hain. way harr dinn galatiyon koo sahee karane kii talash mein naheen jaate hain yaa unhein aage naheen badhana chaahiye. way apane paas mamalon key aaney kaa intezar karate hain, aur jaba mamle saamane aatey hain, tou adaalaten aam taur parr kewal pakshon dwara prastut prashnon kaa nirnay letee hain...kissy bhee asadharan paristhiti ney panel key appeal key adhigrahan koo uchit naheen thaharaaya."nauvein circuit kaa faisala khaali hoe gayaa aur mamla nichali adalaton mein vaapas bhej diyaa gayaa. justice clarence thomas ney nauvein circuit dwara nirbhar atee vistaar siddhant key baare mein ack sahamati daayar kii, jise unhone socha kii phir seey dekhaa jaanaa chaahiye.
vidvatapurna tippani.
dou kaanoon sameeksha lekhon ney sineneng-smith key nihitarth koo chidhaaya haih harvard kaanoon sameeksha mein ack nott, aur zachaari bee kaa ack lekh. sanghiya adalaton kii kaanoon sameeksha mein polman, jisamen seey baad vaalaa ack pravartaniya paksh prastuti siddhant key dayare aur siddhant key nichali adalat key ullanghan koo lagu karane key liye adalat kii shakti donon parr sawal uthaata haye.

