
plato (computer pranali)

plato (swachaalit shikshan sanchaalan key liye kramaadeshit tark), jise pariyojana plato aur pariyojana plato key roop mein bhee jaanaa jaataa haye, pahali saamaanyikrit computer-sahaayata praapt nirdesh pranali thee. 1960 mein shuru huaa, yeh ilinois vishvavidyalaya key iliac aaee computer parr chalaa. 1970 key dashak key anta taka, isane duniya bhar mein vitarit kaee hazaar graphics terminals kaa samarthan kiya, joe lagbhag ack darjan vibhinn network vaale mainframe computers parr chalate they. bahu-upayogkarta computing mein kaee aadhunik avadhaaranaon koo pahali baar plates parr vikasit kiya gayaa thaa, jisamen munch, sandesh board, online pareekshan, email, chait room, chitra bhaashaaen, tatkaal sandesh, doorasth screen sajhakaran aur bahu-khilaadi video game shamil hain.
plato koo ilinois vishvavidyalaya dwara design aur nirmit kiya gayaa thaa aur chaar dashakon taka kaam kiya gayaa thaa, joe yuu. aaee. yuu. see. chhatron, sthaaniya schools, jail kaidiyon aur anya vishvavidyalayon koo pathyakram (vishvavidyalaya key madhyam seey praathamik) pradaan kartaa thaa. pathyakramon koo lattin, rasayan vigyaan, shiksha, sangeet, esperanto aur praathamik ganit sahit kaee vishayon mein padhaaya jaataa thaa. iss pranali mein shikshashastra key liye upayogi kaee visheshtaen shamil theen, jinamen paath koo aachchhaadit karane vaale chitra, mukt-paath uttaron kaa praasangik mulyankan, mukhya shabdon key samavesh key aadhar parr, aur vaikalpik uttaron kaa jawab dene key liye design kii gaee pratikriya shamil thee.
ack vaanijyik utpaad key roop mein plato key bajar key adhikaaron koo niyantran detta nigam (see. dee. see.) dwara licenses diyaa gayaa thaa, vaha nirmaata jisake mukhya frame computers parr plato IV pranali banaai gaee thee. cdc key adhyaksh villium norris ney plato koo computer kii duniya mein ack taakat banaane kii yojana banaai, lekin paaya kii pranali kaa vipanan karna utanaa aasaan naheen thaa jitna ummeed thee. phir bhee kuchh baajaron mein plato ney ack majboot anuyaayi banaaya, aur antim utpaadan plato pranali 2006 taka upayog mein thee.
navachar.
plato yaa tou kaee abb-samanya praudyogikiyon kaa pahala yaa pahala udaaharan thaah
itihas.
prerana.
1944 jee seey pahale.aaee. dwiteeya vishva yuddh key diggajon koo muft college shiksha pradaan karane vaale vidheyak key anusaar, uchch shiksha americi aabaadi key alpasankhyak varg taka seemit thee, halanki kewal 9 pratishat aabaadi senaa mein thee. 1950 key dashak kii shuruat taka adhik namankan kii pravritti ullekhaniya thee, aur kaee nae chhatron koo nirdesh pradaan karane kii samasya vishvavidyalaya prashasakon key liye ack gambhir chinta kaa vishay thee. aggar computerykrit swachaalan ney karkhane key utpaadan mein vriddhi kii, tou yeh shaikshanik nirdesh key liye bhee aisaa hii curr sakata haye.
yuu. aiss. aiss. aar. key 1957 mein sputnik-1 kritrim upgrah key prakshepan ney sanyukt raajya america kii sarkaar koo vigyaan aur engineering shiksha parr adhik kharch karane key liye sakriya kiya. 1958 mein, yuu.aiss. vayu senaa key vaigyaanik anusandhaan karyalaya ney pensylvania vishvavidyalaya mein computer nirdesh key vishay parr ack sammelan kiya thaa; ichchuk pakshon, vishesh roop seey aaee. bee. aim. ney adhyayan prastut kiye.
utpatti.
1959 key aspas, chalmers doubleu. ilinois vishvavidyalaya key ack bhautik vigyaani sherwin ney engineering college key deane villium everate koo ack computerykrit shikshan pranali kaa sujhaav diyaa, jinhone badale mein, ack anya bhautik vigyaani daniel alpert koo engineeron, prashasakon, ganitvidon aur manovaigyanikon key saath iss mamle key baare mein ack baithak bulaane kii sifarish kii. hafton kii baithakon key baad way ack bhee yojana parr sahmat naheen hoe sakey. viphalata sweekaar karane seey pahale, alpert ney prayogshala sahayak donald bitzer seey iss mamle kaa ullekh kiya, joe samasya key baare mein soch rahey they, yeh sujhaav dete hue kii vaha ack pradarshan pranali kaa nirmaan curr sakate hain.
isake turant baad pariyojana plato kii sthaapana kii gaee, aur 1960 mein, pahali pranali, plato aaee, sthaaniya iliac aaee computer parr sanchaalit hui. isamen pradarshan key liye ack television sett aur system key kaary menu koo navigate karane key liye ack vishesh keyboard shamil thaa; 1961 mein, plato II mein ack saath dou upayogkarta shamil they.
1963 aur 1969 key beach, plato pranali koo phir seey design kiya gayaa thaa; plato III ney "kissy koo bhee" apani tutor prograaming bhasha kaa upayog karke nae paath module design karane kii anumati dee, jisaki kalpana 1967 mein jeev vigyaan snaatak chhaatr paul tenkar dwara kii gaee thee. villium norris dwara unhein diye gaye cdc 1604 parr nirmit, plato III ack saath 20 terminals taka chalaa sakata thaa, aur iska upayog shampen-arbana mein sthaaniya suvidhaon dwara kiya jaataa thaa joe apane custom terminals key saath pranali mein pravesh curr sakate they. ekmatra doorasth plato III terminal springfield hyee school mein springfield, ilinois mein raajya kii rajdhani key paas sthit thaa. yeh ack video connection aur keyboard detta key liye ack alag samarpit line dwara plato III pranali seey judaa huaa thaa.
plato I, II aur III koo ack sanyukt senaa-nausena-vayu senaa vitt poshan pool seey chhote anudan dwara vitt poshit kiya gayaa thaa. jaba taka plato III kaam curr rhaa thaa, taba taka isamen shamil sabhi logon koo vishvaas thaa kii pariyojana koo badhaana saarthak thaa. tadnusar, 1967 mein, rashtriya vigyaan foundation ney team koo sthir vitt poshan pradaan kiya, jisase alpert koo ilinois vishvavidyalaya key arbana-shampen parisar mein computer-adharit shiksha anusandhaan prayogshala (see. aar. ell.) sthaapit karane kii anumati millie. yeh pranali 20 samay-sajhakaran terminals kaa samarthan karane mein saksham thee.
multimedia anubhav (plato IV).
1972 mein, plato IV kii shuruat key saath, bitzer ney samanya safalata kii ghoshana karate hue daavaa kiya kii saamaanyikrit computer nirdesh kaa lakshya abb sabhi key liye upalabdh thaa. haalaanki, terminal bahut mahange they (lagbhag 12,000 dollar). plato IV terminal mein kaee pramukh navachar theh
1972 mein ilinois vishvavidyalaya key ack chhaatr broose parelo ney plato IV pranali parr pahala digital imoji banaaya.
park aur seb parr prabhaav.
1972 kii shuruat mein, zerox park key shodhkartaon koo ilinois vishvavidyalaya mein plato pranali kaa daura diyaa gayaa thaa. iss samay, unhein pranali key kuchh hisse dikhaae gaye, jaise kii plato parr chitron key liye "incert display/show display" (ids/sd) anuprayog generator (baad mein zerox starr workstation parr ack graphics-drow prograam mein anuvaadit); nae varnon koo "painting" karane key liye "akshar-soochi sampaadak" (baad mein park mein ack "doodle" prograam mein anuvaadit); aur "shabd charcha" aur "monitor mode" sanchaar karyakram. jaba yeye shodhkarta paalo aulto, california laut aae tou unhone jinn naee takneekon koo dekhaa unamen seey kaee koo apanaaya aur sudhaar kiya gayaa. baad mein unhone iss takneek key behtar sanskaranon koo apple ink koo hastaantarit curr diyaa.
see. dee. see. varsh.
jaise-jaise plato IV utpaadan kii gunavatta taka pahunchata gayaa, villium norris (cdc) ack sambhaavit utpaad key roop mein isamen teji seey ruchi lene lagaa. unaki ruchi doguni thee. ack sakht vyaavsaayik drishtikon seey, vaha niyantran detta koo hardware key bajaay ack seva-adharit company key roop mein vikasit curr rahey they, aur teji seey aashvast they kii computer-adharit shiksha bhavishya mein ack pramukh bajar bunn jaayegi. usee samay, norris 1960 key dashak key anta kii ashanti seey pareshan thaa, aur mahsoos kiya kii iska adhikansh hissa samajik asamaantaon key kaaran thaa jinhen door karane kii aavashyakta thee. plato ney aabaadi key una vargon koo uchch shiksha pradaan karke ack samadhan kii peshkash kii joe anyatha kabhi bhee vishvavidyalaya kii shiksha kaa kharch wahan karane mein saksham naheen honge.
norris ney 1960 key dashak key anta mein apani pranali koo vikasit karane key liye searl koo masheenen pradaan keen. 1971 mein, unhone see. dee. see. key bheetar ack nayaa prabhaag sthaapit kiya taaki plato "pathyakram" vikasit kiya jaa sakey, aur antatah see. dee. see. key apane kaee praarambhik prashikshan aur takniki niyamavali iss parr chalati theen. 1974 mein, minnepolis mein see. dee. see. mukhyalaya mein inn-house machines parr plato chala rhaa thaa, aur 1976 mein, unhone ack naee see. dee. see. cyber machine key badale mein vaanijyik adhikaar khareede.
see. dee. see. ney jald hii adhigrahan kii ghoshana karate hue daavaa kiya kii 1985 taka company kii aaya kaa 50 pratishat plato sevaaon seey sambandhit hoga. 1970 key dashak key dauran, see. dee. see. ney ack vaanijyik upkaran key roop mein aur nae kshetron mein berojgar shramikon koo phir seey prashikshit karane key liye, donon key roop mein, plato koo athak roop seey badhaava diyaa. norris ney iss pranali koo chhodane seey incar curr diyaa, aur kaee gair-mukhyadhara key pathyakramon mein nivesh kiya, jisamen kisaanon key liye ack fasal-soochana pranali aur shahar key yuvaaon key liye vibhinn pathyakram shamil hain. see. dee. see. ney pranali kii avadharana koo pradarshit karane key liye kuchh sharedharakon key gharon mein plato terminal lagaane taka kaa prayaas kiya.
1980 key dashak kii shuruat mein, see. dee. see. ney seva kaa bhaari vigyaapan karna shuru curr diyaa, jahira taur parr abb 60 karod dollar kii pariyojana parr badhati aantarik asahamati key kaaran, print aur yahaan taka kii radio vigyapanon koo ack samanya upkaran key roop mein badhaava dete hue. "minnepolis tribune" koo unake vigyaapan kii prati seey vishvaas naheen huaa aur unhone daavon kii jaanch shuru curr dee. anta mein, unhone nishkarsh nikala kii halanki yeh ack behtar shiksha pranali saabit naheen hui thee, phir bhee iska upayog karane vaale sabhi logon ney cumm seey cumm iska anand liya. ack baahari pareekshan agency dwara ack aadhikarik mulyankan lagbhag samaan nishkarshon key saath samaapt huaa, yeh sujhaav dete hue kii sabhi koo iska upayog karane mein anand aaya, lekin yeh anivarya roop seey chhaatr kii pragati key mamle mein ack ausat maanav shikshak key barabar thaa.
beshak, ack maanav key barabar ack computerykrit pranali ack badee upalabdhi honey chaahiye thee, vahee avadharana jisake liye see. bee. tii. mein shuruati agradoot lakshya banaa rahey they. ack computer apane rakharkhaav kii laagat key liye ack school mein sabhi chhatron kii seva curr sakata haye, aur hadtaal parr naheen jaayega. haalaanki, see. dee. see. ney apane detta center taka pahunch key liye 50 dollar prati ghante kaa shulk liya, taaki unaki kuchh vikas lagaton kii bharpai kii jaa sakey, jisase yeh prati chhaatr aadhar parr ack vyakti kii tulanaa mein kaafee adhik mahanga hoe gayaa. isaliye, ack laabhdaayak vaanijyik udyam key roop mein plato ack viphalata thee, halanki iska upayog praudyogiki mein nivesh karane key ichchuk badee companiyon aur sarkari agencies mein kuchh upayog paaya gayaa.
plato pranali koo badey paimaane parr vipanan karane kaa ack prayaas 1980 mein micro-plato key roop mein shuru kiya gayaa thaa, joe ack cdc "wiking-721" terminal aur vibhinn gharelu computers parr buniyaadi shikshak pranali chalaata thaa. sanskaranon koo ti-99/4 aeye, attari 8-bitt parivaar, charam jaid-100 aur baad mein, radio shack trs-80 aur ibm personnel computer key liye banaaya gayaa thaa. micro-plato kaa upayog samanya pathyakramon key liye akele kiya jaa sakata haye, yaa bahu-upayogkarta karyakramon key liye cdc detta center seey jodaa jaa sakata haye. baad vaale koo kifayati banaane key liye, see. dee. see. ney 5 dollar prati ghante key liye "homelink" seva shuru kii.
norris ney plato kii prashansa karna jaari rakhaa, yeh ghoshana karate hue kii 1984 taka cdc key liye aaya key ack pramukh srot kaa pratinidhitva karane mein kuchh hii saal lagenge. 1986 mein, norris ney ceo key roop mein pada chhod diyaa, aur plato seva koo dheere-dheere samaapt curr diyaa gayaa. baad mein unhone daavaa kiya kii micro-plato ack kaaran thaa kii plato patari seey utar gayaa. unhone ti-99/4 aeye parr shuruat kii thee, lekin phir texas key upkaranon ney plug koo kheencha aur way attari jaisi anya pranaliyon mein chaley gaye, jinhone jald hii aisaa hii kiya. unhone mahsoos kiya kii yeh vaise bhee samay kii barbadi thee, kyonki pranali kaa moolya isaki online prakriti mein thaa, jisaki shuruat mein micro-plato mein kamee thee.
bitzer ney cdc kii viphalata key baare mein adhik spasht roop seey kahaa, samasyaon key liye apani corporate sanskriti koo doshi thaharaaya. unhone kahaa kii pathyakram kaa vikas ausatan 300,000 dollar prati vitaran ghante thaa, joe kii samaan utpaadon key liye see. aar. ell. dwara bhugtan kiye jaane seey kaee gunaa adhik thaa. iska matlab thaa kii see. dee. see. koo apani lagaton kii bharpai key liye uchch keematen vasoolani padeen, una kimaton ney joe pranali koo aakarshak naheen banaati theen. unhone sujhaav diyaa kii inn uchch kimaton kaa kaaran yeh thaa kii see. dee. see. ney ack vibhaag kii sthaapana kii thee jise pathyakram vikas key madhyam seey khud koo laabhdaayak rakhna thaa, jisase unhein dheemi avadhi key dauran apane karmchaariyon kii sankhya koo banaae rakhane key liye keematen badhaane key liye majboor honah padaa.
plato veeh multimedia.
nae plato vee terminals mein intell 8080 microprocessor pesh kiye gaye they. way chhote software module download curr sakate they aur unhein sthaaniya roop seey nishpaadit curr sakate they. yeh samriddh animation aur anya parishkrit kshamataon key saath plato pathyakram koo badhaane kaa ack tarika thaa.
online samudaay.
haalaanki plato koo computer-adharit shiksha key liye design kiya gayaa thaa, shayed isaki sabse sthaayi viraasat online samudaay kii utpatti mein iska sthaan haye. yeh plato kii abhootpoorv sanchaar aur interfaces kshamataon key kaaran sambhav huaa, jinaki visheshtaon koo haal hii mein computer itihaskaron dwara pahachaana jaa rhaa haye. david aar dwara banaae gaye plato notes. 1973 mein oonee, duniya key pahale online sandesh boardon mein seey ack thaa, aur varshon baad kamal key noton kaa pratyaksh poorvaj bunn gayaa.
plato key plasma panel khelon key liye achchi tarah seey upayukt they, halanki isaki aaee/oh bandwidth (180 varna prati sekand yaa 60 graphic laainen prati sekand) apekshaakrit dheemi thee. prati khel (shuru mein) 1500 saajha 60-bitt charr key kaaran, online game koo lagu karna sambhav thaa. kyonki yeh ack shaikshik computer pranali thee, adhikansh upayogkarta samudaay khelon mein gahari ruchi rakhate they.
jiss tarah seey plato hardware aur vikas munch ney kaheen aur pragati koo prerit kiya (jaise kii zerox park aur aim. aaee. tii.), kaee lokpriya vaanijyik aur internet khelon ney antatah plato key shuruati khelon seey apani prerana praapt kii. ack udaaharan key roop mein, plato elam silas warner dwara "casal wolfenstein" plato key kalkothri khelon (neeche dekhein) seey prerit thaa, joe badale mein "vinash" aur "bhookamp" koo prerit kartaa haye. 1970 key aspas seey 1980 key dashak taka hajaaron multiplayer online game koo nimnalikhit ullekhaniya udaharanon key saath plato parr vikasit kiya gayaa thaah
plato key sanchaar upkaran aur khel hajaaron plato upayogkartaon key ack online samudaay key liye aadhar baney, joe bees varshon seey adhik samay taka chalaa. plato key khel itane lokpriya hoe gaye kii "pravartankarta" naamak ack karyakram koo adhikansh saiton aur samay parr khel koo viniyamit yaa aksham karane key liye ack prishthabhoomi prakriya key roop mein chalaane key liye likhaa gayaa thaa-maataa-pitaa kii shally niyantran pranaliyon kaa ack agradoot joe suraksha vichaaron key bajaay samagri key aadhar parr pahunch koo viniyamit kartaa haye.
sitambar 2006 mein sanghiya vimanan prashaasan ney apani plato pranali koo sakriya kartavya seey sevaanivritt curr diyaa, joe antim pranali thee joe ack cdc cyber mainframe parr plato software pranali chalaati thee. maujooda plato jaisi pranaliyon mein abb novenate aur cyber1.org shamil hain.
1976 kii shuruat taka, mool plato IV pranali mein 950 terminal they joe 3500 seey adhik sampark ghanton key pathyakram taka pahunch pradaan karate they, aur cdc aur florida raajya vishvavidyalaya mein atirikt pranaaliyan sanchaalit theen. antatah, 12,000 seey adhik sampark ghante key pathyakram taiyar kiye gaye, jinamen seey adhikansh koo uchch shiksha key liye vishvavidyalaya key sankaay dwara vikasit kiya gayaa. plato pathyakram mein uchch vidyalaya aur mahavidyalaya pathyakramon kii ack poori shrinkhala key saath-saath padhane key kaushal, parivaar niyojan, laamez prashikshan aur ghar key bajat jaise vishay shamil hain. isake alawa, ilinois school off basic medical sciences (abb, ilinois college off medicine vishvavidyalaya) key lekhakon ney pratham varsh key chhatron key liye badee sankhya mein buniyaadi vigyaan paath aur ack swa-pareekshan pranali taiyar kii. haalaanki sabse lokpriya "courseware" unake bahu-upayogkarta khel aur bhoomika nibhaane vaale video game jaise "dee. aine. dee" baney rahey, haalaanki aisaa prateet hotaa haye kii see. dee. see. iss bajar mein ruchi naheen rakhta thaa. 1980 key dashak mein see. dee. see.-adharit samadhan kaa moolya gayab honey key baad, ichchuk shikshakon ney injan koo pahale aaee. bee. aim. pc. aur baad mein web-adharit pranaliyon mein daal diyaa.
custom charitra sett.
1970 key dashak kii shuruat mein, ilinois vishvavidyalaya mein aadhunik videshi bhasha samooh mein kaam karane vaale kuchh logon ney mool roop seey baaen or lekhan key liye achche pranali samarthan key binaa hibru paathon key ack samooh parr kaam karna shuru curr diyaa. tehran mein ack plato demo kii taiyari mein, jisamen bhaag lenge, sherwood ney donn lii key saath kaam kiya taaki farsi (farsi) sahit baain or lekhan key liye samarthan lagu kiya jaa sakey, joe arabi lipi kaa upayog kartaa haye. iss kaam key liye koee dhana naheen thaa, joe kewal sherwood key vyaktigat hita key kaaran kiya gayaa thaa, aur farsi yaa arabi donon key liye koee pathyakram vikas naheen huaa thaa. haalaanki, peater cole, robbert lebovitz aur robbert haart ney hibru paathon koo phir seey karane key liye naee pranali kshamataon kaa upayog kiya. plato hardware aur software ney apane swayam key 8-baay-16 varnon key design aur upayog kaa samarthan kiya, isaliye adhikansh bhaashaon koo graphics screen parr pradarshit kiya jaa sakata haye (jisamen daaen seey baaen likhe gaye bhee shamil hain).
ilinois vishvavidyalaya school off music plato pariyojana (praudyogiki aur anusandhaan-adharit kalakram).
inn sanshleshankartaon key liye opple (ashtak-pitch-sent-lambai) key roop mein jaani jaane vaali ack plato-sangat sangeet bhasha vikasit kii gaee thee, saath hii bhasha key liye ack sankalak, dou sangeet paath sampaadak, sangeet dwiaadhaari key liye ack filing pranali, vaastavik samay mein sangeet dwiaadhaari bajaane key liye karyakram, aur sangeet score print karna, aur kaee debugging aur rachana sambandhi sahaayataaen. kaee samvaadaatmak rachana karyakram bhee likhe gaye hain. gooch key paridhiya upkaranon kaa sangeet shiksha pathyakram key liye bahut adhik upayog kiya jaataa thaa, udaaharan key liye, ilinois vishvavidyalaya key sangeet plato pariyojana key school dwara banaaya gayaa thaa.
1970 seey 1994 taka, ilinois vishvavidyalaya (yuu off aaee) school off music ney sangeet mein online nirdesh dene key liye computer-adharit shiksha anusandhaan prayogshala (see. aar. ell.) plato computer pranali key upayog kaa pataa lagaaya. jee dwara netritva kiya gayaa. david peaters, sangeet sankaay aur chhatron ney sangeet seey sambandhit nirdeshaatmak samagri kaa utpaadan karane key liye plato kii takniki kshamataon key saath kaam kiya aur sangeet pathyakram mein unake upayog key saath prayog kiya.
peaters ney plato III parr apana kaam shuru kiya. 1972 taka, plato IV pranali ney takniki roop seey multimedia shikshashastron koo pesh karna sambhav banaa diyaa joe varshon baad taka bajar mein upalabdh naheen they.
1974 aur 1988 key beach, 25 yuu aaee sangeet sankaay ney software pathyakram vikas mein bhaag liya aur 40 seey adhik snaatak chhatron ney software likhaa aur isake upayog mein sankaay kii sahaayata kii. 1988 mein, pariyojana ney sookshm computers kii badhati upalabdhata aur upayog koo samaayojit karane key liye plato seey parey apana dhyaan kendrit kiya. vyaapak dayare key parinamswarup pariyojana kaa naam badalkar "ilinois praudyogiki-adharit sangeet pariyojana" curr diyaa gayaa."1994 mein searl plato pranali key bund honey key baad sangeet key school mein kaam anya platforms parr jaari rhaa. sangeet pariyojana key 24 saal key jeevan mein, isake kaee pratibhaagi shaikshanik sansthanon aur niji kshetra mein chaley gaye. unake prabhaav kaa pataa aaj upayog mein aaney vaale kaee multimedia shikshashastron, utpaadon aur sevaaon seey lagaaya jaa sakata haye, vishesh roop seey sangeetkaron aur sangeet shikshakon dwara.
mahatvapurna praarambhik prayaas.
pitch pehchaan/pradarshan nirnay.
1969 mein, jee. david peaters ney chhatron koo adhik swar aur layabaddh sateekta key saath bajaana sikhaane key liye plato kaa upayog karane kii vyavaharyata parr shodh karna shuru kiya. unhone plato III terminal key liye ack interfaces banaaya. hardware mein (1) aise filter shamil they joe ack swar kii sahee pitch nirdhaarit curr sakate they, aur (2) swar avadhi koo maapane key liye ack ginati upkaran. upkaran ney twarit noton koo sweekaar kiya aur unakaa mulyankan kiya, dou noton koo trill kiya gayaa aur honthon parr gaaliyan deen. peater ney pradarshit kiya kii swar aur layabaddh sateekta key liye vaadya pradarshan kaa nirnay computer-sahaayata praapt nirdesh mein sambhav thaa.
lay sanketan aur dhaarana.
1970 taka, ack yaadrichhik abhigam audio upkaran plato III key saath upayog key liye upalabdh thaa.
1972 mein, robbert doubleu. placek ney ack adhyayan kiya jisamen lay bodh key liye computer-sahaayata praapt nirdesh kaa upayog kiya gayaa. placek ney ack plato III terminal seey judey yaadrichhik abhigam audio upkaran kaa upayog kiya jisake liye unhone sangeet sanketan font aur graphics vikasit kiye. praathamik shiksha mein snaatak karane vaale chhatron koo (1) lay sanketan key tatvon koo pahchaanane aur (2) lay key pattern koo sunane aur unake sanketanon koo pahchaanane key liye kahaa gayaa thaa. yeh computer-adharit sangeet nirdesh key liye plato yaadrichhik-abhigam audio upkaran kaa pahala gyaat anuprayog thaa.
adhyayan pratibhagiyon kaa anubhav key baare mein sakshatkar kiya gayaa aur unhein yeh moolyavaan aur sukhad donon lagaa. vishesh moolya kaa thaa plato kaa tatkaal pratikriya. haalaanki pratibhagiyon ney dhwani kii gunavatta mein kamiyon koo nott kiya, lekin unhone aam taur parr sanket diyaa kii way lay sanketan pehchaan key buniyaadi kaushal koo seekhane mein saksham they.
inn plato IV terminal mein kaee nae upkaran shamil they aur dou ullekhaniya sangeet pariyojanaaen praapt huinh
vaadya sangeet shikshakon key liye drishya naidaanik kaushal.
1970 key dashak key madhya taka, james oh. frosseth (mishigan vishvavidyalaya) ney prashikshan samagri prakaashit kii thee joe vaadya sangeet key shikshakon koo baind key shuruati chhatron dwara pradarshit vishisht samasyaon kii drishti seey pehchaan karna sikhaati thee. pratyek vaadyayantra key liye, frosseth ney ack krambaddh checklist vikasit kii kii kyaa dekhana haye (i.ee.mudra, sparsh, haath kii niyukti, upkaran kii sthiti aadi.) aur una samasyaon kaa pradarshan karane vaale yuva khilaadiyon kii 35 mimi slides kaa ack sett. samaybaddh kaksha abhyason mein, prashikshuon ney slides koo sankshipt roop seey dekhaa aur checklist parr apane nidan koo darj kiya, jinaki baad mein prashikshan satra mein sameeksha aur mulyankan kiya gayaa.
1978 mein, villium aich. sander ney plato IV pranali kaa upayog karke vitaran key liye frosseth key karyakram koo anukoolit kiya. sander ney plato IV terminal key plasma display key madhyam seey peechhe key prakshepan key liye slides koo microfish mein sthanantarit curr diyaa. samaybaddh abhyaas mein, prashikshuon ney slides koo dekhaa, phir unhein pradarshan parr chhookar checklist mein bhar diyaa. karyakram ney tatkaal pratikriya dee aur samagr record rakhaa. prashikshu abhyaas key samay koo badal sakate hain aur jaba chaahen unhein dohra sakate hain.
sander aur frosseth ney baad mein karyakram key paaramparik kaksha vitaran kii tulanaa plato kaa upayog karke vitaran seey karane key liye ack adhyayan kiya. parinamon ney aeye) chhaatr key pareekshan key baad key pradarshan aur bee) prashikshan samagri key prati unake drishtikon key liye vitaran vidhiyon key beach koee mahatvapurna antar naheen dikhaaya. haalaanki, computer kaa upayog karane vaale chhatron ney apane swayam key abhyaas key ghante nirdhaarit karane key lachilepan kii sarahana kii, kaafee adhik abhyaas abhyaas poore kiye, aur kaafee cumm samay mein aisaa kiya.
sangeet vaadyayantra kii pehchaan.
1967 mein, alwin aur kuhn ney drishya-gaayan pradarshanon kaa aaklan karane key liye poorv-record kiye gaye model prastut karane key liye ack computer key saath interfaces kiye gaye chaar-channel tape recorder kaa upayog kiya.
1969 mein, aine. ee. dee. see. deehal aur rudolf ee. radioci ney sangeet mein ack computer-sahaayata praapt nirdesh adhyayan kaa sanchaalan kiya jisamen clarinet parr vakyansh, abhivyakti aur lay seey sambandhit shravya avadhaaranaon mein bhedbhaav karna shamil thaa. unhone poorv-record kiye gaye audio maarg pradaan karane key liye ack computer key saath interfaces kiye gaye chaar-track tape recorder kaa upayog kiya. dou ghante key khel/record samay upalabdh honey key saath chauthe track parr teen track aur sunai naa dene vaale sanketon parr sandesh record kiye gaye they. iss shodh ney aage pradarshit kiya kii chaar-track tape key saath computer-niyantrit audio sambhav thaa.
1979 mein, williams ney ack digital roop seey niyantrit casset tape recorder kaa upayog kiya jise ack mini computer (williams, aim.aeye. "college sangeet key chhatron key liye shravan-drishya bhedbhaav, drishti gaayan aur sangeet nirdesh key shikshan key liye teen drishtikonon kii tulnah ack paaramparik drishtikon, ack kodli drishtikon, aur computer-sahaayata praapt nirdesh dwara samvardhit ack kodli drishtikon", ilinois vishvavidyalaya, aprakaashit). yeh upkaran kaam kartaa thaa, phir bhee parivartaniya pahunch samay key saath dheema thaa.
1981 mein, aine. aeye. tii. watanabe ney computer-niyantrit poorv-record kiye gaye audio kaa upayog karke computer-sahaayata praapt sangeet nirdesh kii vyavaharyata parr shodh kiya. unhone audio hardware kaa sarvekshan kiya joe ack computer system key saath interfaces curr sakata haye.
plato IV terminals key saath interfaces kiye gaye yaadrichhik-abhigam audio upkaran bhee upalabdh they. audio mein dropout key kaaran dhwani kii gunavatta mein samasyaaen theen. isake bavjood, vatnabe ney adhyayan key liye mahatvapurna audio clip taka lagaatar teji seey pahunch koo maanaa aur adhyayan key liye iss upkaran kaa chayan kiya.
watanabe key computer-adharit abhyaas karyakram ney praathamik sangeet shiksha key chhatron koo dhwani dwara sangeet vaadyayantron kii pehchaan karna sikhaaya. chhatron ney yaadrichhik roop seey chayanit vaadyayantra kii dhwaniyon koo sunaa, jiss vaadyayantra koo unhone sunaa haye usaki pehchaan kii aur unhein tatkaal pratikriya millie. watanabe ney computer-sahaayata praapt drill karyakramon key madhyam seey seekhane vaale samooh aur upkaran pehchaan mein paaramparik nirdesh praapt karane vaale samooh key beach seekhane mein koee mahatvapurna antar naheen paaya. halanki, adhyayan ney pradarshit kiya kii sangeet mein computer-sahaayata praapt nirdesh mein yaadrichhik-abhigam audio kaa upayog sambhav thaa.
ilinois praudyogiki-adharit sangeet pariyojana.
1988 taka, sookshm-computers aur unake paridhiya upkaranon key prasaar key saath, ilinois school off music plato pariyojana kaa vishvavidyalaya kaa naam badalkar "ilinois praudyogiki-adharit sangeet pariyojana" curr diyaa gayaa."shodhkartaon ney baad mein 1994 taka sangeet nirdesh key liye ubharati, vyaavsaayik roop seey upalabdh takneekon key upayog kaa pataa lagaaya.
prabhaav aur prabhaav.
shikshaavidon aur chhatron ney indiana vishvavidyalaya, florida raajya vishvavidyalaya aur delaware vishvavidyalaya sahit anya shaikshanik sansthanon mein sangeet nirdesh key liye plato pranali kaa upayog kiya. ilinois vishvavidyalaya key school off music plato pariyojana key kaee poorv chhatron ney computing aur media praudyogikiyon mein praarambhik anubhav praapt kiya aur shiksha aur niji kshetra donon mein prabhaavshaali padon parr chaley gaye.
iss pranali kaa lakshya sangeet shikshakon koo nirdeshaatmak samagri key vikas mein upayog karane key liye upkaran pradaan karna thaa, jisamen sambhavatah sangeet dictation drill, swachaalit roop seey shrenibaddh keyboard pradarshan, lifafa aur timber ear-prashikshan, sangeet dhwaniki mein samvaadaatmak udaaharan yaa prayogshaalaaen, aur tatkaal pratikriya key saath rachana aur siddhant abhyaas shamil hoe sakate hain. ack kaana-prashikshan anuprayog, otaviano, 1980 key dashak kii shuruat mein florida raajya vishvavidyalaya mein kuchh snaatak sangeet siddhant pathyakramon kaa ack aavashyak hissa bunn gayaa.
ack anya paridhiya votrax speach synthesizer thaa, aur votrax kaa upayog karke paath-seey-bhaashan sanshleshan kaa samarthan karane key liye tutor prograaming bhasha mein ack "kaho" nirdesh (bhasha chunane key liye "selang" nirdesh key saath) jodaa gayaa thaa.
anya prayaas.
see. dee. see. kii plato key saath sabse badee vaanijyik safaltaon mein seey ack pratibhooti vikretaon key rashtriya sangh (abb vittiya udyog niyaamak pradhikaran) key liye vikasit ack online pareekshan pranali thee, joe americi pratibhooti baajaron kaa ack niji kshetra niyaamak haye. 1970 key dashak key dauran michael stein, ee. clark porter aur plato key anubhavi zim gaskier ney nassed key karyakari frank macauliffe key sahyog seey pahali "onn-demand" proctored vaanijyik pareekshan seva vikasit kii. pareekshan vyavasaay dheere-dheere badhaa aur antatah 1990 mein see. dee. see. seey drake prashikshan aur praudyogikiyon key roop mein alag hoe gayaa. 1970 key dashak key anta mein upayog kii jaane vaali kaee plato avadhaaranaon koo lagu karate hue, jaise. clark porter ney novell, ink key saath saajhedaari mein drake prashikshan aur praudyogiki pareekshan vyavasaay (aaj thomson prometric) kaa netritva kiya. mainframe model seey door ack laine-adharit client server vastukala mein aur vaishvik star parr hajaaron swatantra prashikshan sangathanon mein proctored pareekshan koo tainaat karane key liye vyavasaay model koo badal diyaa. pareekshan kendron key ack vyaapak vaishvik network key aagaman aur anya key alawa, novell aur microsoft dwara praayojit aaee. tii. pramanan karyakramon key saath, online pareekshan vyavasaay mein visfot hoe gayaa. nashpati kii sthaapana plato/prometric diggajon dwara kii gaee thee. vaishvik pareekshan buniyaadi dhaanche kaa aur vistaar karane key liye 1994 mein clark porter, steve nordberg aur kirk lundin. ack mahatvapurna vyaavsaayik seva key roop mein internet parr bharosa karane vaali pahali vaanijyik companiyon mein seey ack honey aur swa-seva pareekshan panjikaran vikasit karke vyaapaar model mein sudhaar huaa. computer adharit pareekshan udyog kaa vikas jaari haye, jisamen peshevar licenses aur shaikshik pareekshan koo mahatvapurna vyaavsaayik kshetron key roop mein jodaa gayaa haye.
pareekshan seey sambandhit kaee chhoti companiyaan bhee plato pranali seey vikasit huin. usa samooh key bache hue kuchh logon mein seey ack pareekshak nigam haye. dow. steinly trollip (poorv mein ilinois vimanan anusandhaan prayogshala vishvavidyalaya) aur gairi braun (poorv mein niyantran detta) ney 1984 mein pareekshak pranali kaa prototype vikasit kiya.
1970 key dashak kii shuruat mein, james scular ney uttar-paschimi vishvavidyalaya mein uttar-paschimi kii bahu-shikshak computer sahaayata praapt nirdesh pranali key hisse key roop mein uchch raktchaap naamak ack pranali vikasit kii. yeh vibhinn sthalon parr kaee see. dee. see. mainframe parr chalata thaa.
1973 aur 1980 key beach, thomas tii key nirdeshan mein ack samooh. arbana shampen mein ilinois vishvavidyalaya mein buniyaadi chikitsa vigyaan key school kii chikitsa computing prayogshala mein chain ney plato kii tutor prograaming bhasha koo modcomp IV mini computer mein port kiya. dugglus doubleu. johns, aeye.bee. baskin, tomm sjoliga, vincent woo aur luu bloomfield ney adhikansh karyanvayan kiya. yeh ack mini computer key liye shikshak kaa pahala bandargah thaa aur 1976 taka kaafee hudd taka chaalu thaa. 1980 mein, chain ney ise saral pranali key roop mein vipanan karane key liye shampen, ilinois kii vaishvik soochana pranali praudyogiki kii sthaapana kii. antatah adyan ink key sarkari samooh key saath iska vilay hoe gayaa. vincent woo ney attari plato cartridge vikasit kiya.
see. dee. see. ney antatah 1989 mein navgathit roach sangathan (tii. oh.) koo "plato" trademark aur kuchh pathyakram vipanan khand key adhikaar betch diye. 2000 mein tro ney apana naam badalkar plato learning curr liya aur pc parr chalane vaale plato pathyakram koo bechana aur seva denaa jaari rakhaa. 2012 key anta mein, plato learning ney apane online shikshan samadhanon koo admentum naam key tahat bajar mein laaya.
see. dee. see. ney apane vaanijyik aur sarkari grahakon kii seva key liye vyaapaar chihnon koo roach koo bechane key baad cybis (cyber-adharit nirdeshaatmak pranali) key naam seey buniyaadi pranali kaa vikas jaari rakhaa. see. dee. see. ney baad mein apane cybis vyavasaay koo vishvavidyalaya online koo betch diyaa, joe kii aaee. aim. aiss. aeye. tii. key vanshaj they. baad mein vishvavidyalaya online kaa naam badalkar vcampus curr diyaa gayaa.
ilinois vishvavidyalaya ney bhee plato kaa vikas jaari rakhaa, antatah vishvavidyalaya sanchaar, ink key saath saajhedaari mein novenate naamak ack vaanijyik online seva kii sthaapana kii. see. aar. ell. koo 1994 mein bund curr diyaa gayaa thaa, jisamen yuu. see. aaee. koo plato code key rakharkhaav key liye bheja gayaa thaa. baad mein yuu. see. aaee. kaa naam badalkar novenate learning curr diyaa gayaa, jise rashtriya computer system (aine. see. aiss.) dwara kharida gayaa thaa. usake turant baad, aine. see. aiss. koo nashpati dwara kharida gayaa thaa, aur kaee naam parivartanon key baad abb nashpati digital learning key roop mein kaam kartaa haye.
anya sanskaran.
dakshin africa mein.
usa avadhi key dauran jaba see. dee. see. vipanan plates kaa kaam curr rhaa thaa, iss pranali kaa upayog antarrashtriya star parr kiya jaane lagaa. 1980 key dashak kii shuruat mein dakshin africa plato key sabse badey upayogkartaon mein seey ack thaa. dakshin african vidyut oorjaa company escom key paas johannesburg key uttar-paschimi upnagaron mein megawatt park mein ack badaa cdc mainframe thaa. mukhya roop seey iss computer kaa upayog bijli utpaadan aur vitaran seey sambandhit prabandhan aur detta prasanskaran karyon key liye kiya jaataa thaa, lekin yeh plato software bhee chalaata thaa. 1980 key dashak kii shuruat mein dakshin africa mein sabse badee plato sthaapana paschimi cape vishvavidyalaya mein thee, joe "mool" aabaadi kii seva kartaa thaa, aur ack samay mein saikadon plato IV terminal they joe patte parr dee gaee detta lines dwara vaapas johannesburg seey judey they. dakshin africa mein shaikshanik sansthanon mein kaee anya pratishthaan they, jinamen seey nucasal key thheek baahar madadeni township mein madadeni college thaa.
yeh shayed kaheen bhee sabse asamanya plato sthaapana thee. madadeni mein lagbhag 1,000 chhaatr they, way sabhi joe mool nivasi they.ee. mool nivasi aur zulu vansh kii 99.5%. yeh college kwazulu mein 10 shikshak taiyari sansthanon mein seey ack thaa, jinamen seey adhikansh bahut chhote they. kaee mayanon mein madadeni bahut adim thaa. kissy bhee kaksha mein bijli naheen thee aur poore college key liye kewal ack telephone thaa, jise kissy operator key line parr aaney seey pahale kaee minaton taka crank karna padata thaa. isaliye 16 computer terminals key saath ack vatanukoolit, kaaleen vaalaa kamra baaki college key vipareet thaa. kabhi-kabhi ack vyakti baahari duniya key saath samvaad karane kaa ekmatra tarika thaa plato term-tock.
kaee madadeni chhatron key liye, jinamen seey adhikansh bahut graameen kshetron seey aae they, plato terminal pahali baar thaa jaba unhein kissy bhee prakaar kii electronic takneek kaa saamana karna padaa. pratham varsh key kaee chhatron ney pahale kabhi flush shauchalaya naheen dekhaa thaa. shuru mein iss baat parr sandeh thaa kii yeye takniki roop seey anpadh chhaatr prabhaavi roop seey plato kaa upayog curr sakate hain, lekin una chintaon koo door naheen kiya gayaa thaa. ack ghante yaa usase cumm samay key bheetar adhikansh chhaatr pranali kaa kushalata seey upayog curr rahey they, jyaadaatar ganit aur vigyaan kaushal seekhane key liye, halanki ack paath joe keyboard kaushal sikhaata thaa, sabse lokpriya thaa. kuchh chhatron ney shikshak, plato prograaming bhasha seekhane key liye online sansadhanon kaa bhee upayog kiya aur kuchh ney zulu bhasha mein pranali parr paath likhe.
dakshin africa mein audyogik prashikshan key liye bhee plato kaa kaafee vyaapak roop seey upayog kiya jaataa thaa. escom ney bijli sanyantra sanchalakon koo prashikshit karane key liye safaltapurvak pee. ell. aim. (plato learning management) aur simulation kaa upayog kiya, dakshin african airways (aiss. aeye. aeye.) ney kebin attendant prashikshan key liye plato simulation kaa upayog kiya, aur kaee anya badee companiyan bhee theen joe plato key upayog kii khoj curr rahee theen.
see. dee. see. kii dakshin african sahayak company ney ack poore maadhyamik vidyalaya pathyakram (aiss. aeye. aiss. see.) key vikas mein bahut adhik nivesh kiya, lekin durbhagya seey jaise-jaise pathyakram puuraa honey key antim charan key karib thaa, see. dee. see. dakshin africa mein ladkhadaane lagaa-aanshik roop seey ghar vaapas vittiya samasyaon key kaaran, aanshik roop seey dakshin africa mein vyaapaar karane key liye sanyukt raajya america mein badhate virodh key kaaran, aur aanshik roop seey teji seey vikasit honey vaale sookshm computer key kaaran, ack pratimaan parivartan jise see. dee. see. pahchaanane mein whiffle rhaa.
cyber1.
agast 2004 mein, cdc seey antim release key anuroop plato kaa ack sanskaran online punarjeevit kiya gayaa thaa. plato kaa yeh sanskaran desktop cyber naamak mool see. dee. see. hardware key ack mukt aur mukt srot software anukaran parr chalata haye. chhah maheene key bheetar, kewal maukhik roop seey, 500 seey adhik poorv upayogkartaon ney pranali kaa upayog karane key liye saain upp kiya thaa. 1970 aur 1980 key dashak mein plato kaa upayog karane vaale kaee chhatron ney una upayogkartaon key samudaay key saath ack vishesh samajik bandhan mahsoos kiya joe plato parr shaktishali sanchaar upkaranon (vaarta karyakram, record pranali aur notesfiles) kaa upayog karke ack saath aae they.
cyber1 parr upayog kiya jaane vaalaa plato software vcampus kii anumati seey cybis kaa antim release (99aeye) haye. antarnihit operating system sankhya 2.8.7 haye, joe cintegra (abb british dursanchar [beaty]) kii anumati seey aine. oh. aiss. operating system kaa antim vimochan haye, jisane cdc key mukhya frame vyavasaay key shesh hisse kaa adhigrahan curr liya thaa. cyber1 iss software koo desktop cyber amulator parr chalaata haye. desktop cyber software mein cdc cyber mainframe model aur kaee paridhiya kaa sateek anukaran kartaa haye.
cyber1 pranali taka muft pahunch pradaan kartaa haye, jisamen 1980 key dashak mein see. aar. ell. aur see. dee. see. pranaliyon parr paley-badhe mool plato samudaayon koo sanrakshit karane key prayaas mein 16,000 seey adhik mool paath shamil hain. iss punarjeevit pranali kaa bhaar ausat 10-15 upayogkartaon key baare mein haye, joe vyaktigat aur nott-file notes bhejate hain, aur "avtaar" aur "empire" (ack "starr track"-jaisa khel) jaise antar-antim khel khelate hain, joe donon ney mool plato pranali parr 10 laakh seey adhik sampark ghante jamaa kiye they.