
jahaaj panjikaran

jahaaj panjikaran vaha prakriya haye jisake dwara ack jahaaj koo pralekhit kiya jaataa haye aur usa desh kii rashtriyata dee jaati haye jisake liye jahaaj koo pralekhit kiya gayaa haye. rashtriyata ack jahaaj koo antarrashtriya star parr yatra karane kii anumati detee haye kyonki yeh jahaaj key swaamitva kaa pramaan haye.
antarrashtriya kaanoon key anusaar pratyek jahaaj koo ack desh mein panjikrit kiya jaanaa chaahiye, jise uska dhwaj raajya kahaa jaataa haye. ack jahaaj apane dhwaj raajya key kaanoon key adheen haye. yeh kahana samanya haye kii jahaaj panjikaran key desh key jhande key neeche paal kartaa haye.
ack jahaaj kaa dhwaj raajya pott parr niyaamak niyantran kaa abhyaas kartaa haye aur ise niyamit roop seey nireekshan karane, jahaaj key upkaran aur chaalak dall koo pramaanit karane aur suraksha aur pradooshan roktham dastavej jaari karane kii aavashyakta hoti haye. vaha sangathan joe vaastav mein jahaaj koo panjikrit kartaa haye, usey isaki registry key roop mein jaanaa jaataa haye. registry sarkari yaa niji agencies hoe sakati hain. kuchh mamalon mein, jaise kii sanyukt raajya america key vaikalpik anupaalan karyakram mein, registry nireekshan karane key liye kissy teesare paksh koo niyukt curr sakati haye.
ack register joe kewal apane rashtra key jahaajon key liye khula haye, usey "paaramparik" yaa "rashtriya register" key roop mein jaanaa jaataa haye. videshi swaamitva vaale jahaajon key liye khule rajistaron koo "open registry" key roop mein jaanaa jaataa haye aur kabhi-kabhi unhein suvidha key jhande kahaa jaataa haye.
itihas.
samudra parr vyaapaar mahatvapurna honey key baad seey jahaaj panjikaran kiya gayaa haye. mool roop seey europeeya samudri deshon mein maal leey jaane vaale jahaajon koo niyantrit karane key liye, iska upayog yeh sunishchit karane key liye kiya jaataa thaa kii jahaajon kaa nirmaan sthaaniya desh mein kiya jaa rhaa thaa, jisamen mukhya roop seey sthaaniya desh key chaalak dall they. taba seey, swaamitva key liye jahaajon key dastavejikaran key liye jahaaj panjikaran kaa upayog kiya jaataa rhaa haye. pralekhan antarrashtriya uddeshyon key liye rashtriyata kaa nishchit pramaan pradaan kartaa haye aur pralekhit jahaajon parr pasandida bandhak kii upalabdhata key saath vittaposhan key avsar pradaan kartaa haye.
panjikaran key liye aavashyaktaaen.
antarrashtriya star parr yaa antarrashtriya seemaon koo paar karane vaale jahaajon koo panjikrit honah aavashyak haye. kuchh kshetradhikaron mein una jahaajon kii bhee aavashyakta hoti haye joe kewal kshetriya jall mein kaam karate hain aur apane rashtriya register parr panjikrit hotey hain, aur kuchh videshi jhande vaale jahaajon koo desh key bheetar bandargaahon key beach vyaapaar karane seey manaa karate hain (ack pratha jise cabotage key roop mein jaanaa jaataa haye). panjikaran kaa desh ack jahaaj kaa dhwaj raajya haye aur isaki rashtriyata key saath-saath kiss desh key kaanoon isake sanchaalan aur isake chaalak dall key vyavhaar koo niyantrit karate hain, yeh nirdhaarit kartaa haye.
pratyek registry key apane niyam hain kii vaha jahaajon key prakaron koo panjikaran key liye sweekaar karega. udaaharan key liye, liberian registry 500 shuddh tunn seey adhik key samudri jahaajon koo panjikrit karati haye joe videshi vyaapaar kaa sanchaalan karate hain. 20 varsh seey adhik ayu key jahaajon koo chhoot key saath-saath pott key vargeekaran samaaj koo pott koo vaidhaanik pramaan patra jaari karane key liye taiyar honah aavashyak haye. 15 varsh yaa usase adhik umr key jahaajon key paas samudri suraksha dwara sameeksha kiye jaane key liye pott key vishesh sarvekshan kii sthiti report honey chaahiye. registry panjikaran shulk lete hain.
dhwaj raajya seey judein.
ack pott aur usake dhwaj raajya key beach ack "vaastavik kadee" honey chaahiye. 1958 key uchch samudron parr geneva sammelan key anuchhed 5 (1), joe 1962 mein prabhaavi huaa, key anusaar raajya koo apane dhwaj koo udaane vaale jahaajon parr prashaasnik, takniki aur samajik mamalon mein apane adhikaar kshetra aur niyantran kaa prabhaavi dhang seey prayog karna chaahiye."usa sammelan mein 63 raajya paksh hain. iss siddhant koo 1982 key samudra key kaanoon (uncloss) parr sanyukt rashtra sammelan key anuchhed 91 mein dohraya gayaa thaa, joe 1994 mein prabhaavi huaa thaa. usa sammelan mein 167 paksh hain.
1986 mein, vyaapaar aur vikas parr sanyukt rashtra sammelan ney jahaajon key panjikaran kii sharton parr sanyukt rashtra sammelan mein vaastavik link avadharana koo majboot karane kaa prayaas kiya. jahaajon key panjikaran kii sharton parr sammelan key liye aavashyak hoga kii ack dhwaj raajya koo apane jahaajon key swaamitva mein aarthik hissedari rakhate hue yaa jahaajon key chaalak dall koo navik pradaan karke apane jahaajon seey jodaa jaae. 1986 kii sandhi koo lagu karane key liye 40 hastaksharkartaon kii aavashyakta hoti haye, jinka sanyukt tunn bhaar duniya key kull tunn bhaar key 25 pratishat seey adhik haye. aaj taka kewal 14 deshon ney sandhi parr hastakshar kiye hain.
rashtriya yaa bund rajistriyon key liye aam taur parr aavashyak haye kii ack jahaaj rashtriya hiton key swaamitva mein hoe, aur cumm seey cumm aanshik roop seey isake nagrikon dwara chaalak dall hoe. khuli rajistriyon mein aisee aavashyaktaaen naheen hoti hain; kuchh online panjikaran kii peshkash karate hain, aur ack dinn seey bhee cumm samay mein puuraa honey kii guaranti dete hain.
binaa jhoolate hue jahaaj.
avaidh roop seey sanchaalit jahaaj, jaise kii samudri dakuon dwara, yaa narco-pandubbiyan, aam taur parr operators dwara panjikrit naheen hotey hain (halanki ack panjikrit jahaaj koo avaidh uddeshyon key liye kabja kiya jaa sakata haye yaa gupt roop seey upayog kiya jaa sakata haye).

