
tetracord

sangeet siddhant mein, ack tetracard (;) teen antaralon dwara alag kiye gaye chaar swaron kii ack shrinkhala haye. paaramparik sangeet siddhant mein, ack tetracard hamesha ack poorna chauthe key antaral, ack 4:3 aavritti anupaat (lagbhag. 498 sent)-lekin aadhunik upayog mein iska arth haye ack paimaane yaa swar pankti kaa koee bhee chaar-nott khand, joe aavashyak roop seey kissy vishesh tuning pranali seey sambandhit naheen haye.
itihas.
yeh naam "tetra" (yunani seey-"kissy cheez kaa chaar") aur "cord" (yunani seey "charden"-"string" yaa "nott") seey aataa haye. pracheen yunani sangeet siddhant mein, "tetracord" "achal" noton () seey ghiri badee aur cumm paripurna pranaliyon key ack khand koo darshaata haye; inn donon key beach key nott "chala" () they. iska shaabdik arth haye "chaar taar", mool roop seey veenaa yaa kithar jaise veenaa jaise vaadyayantron key sandarbh mein, iss antarnihit samajh key saath kii chaar taaron ney nikatvarti utpaadan kiya (i.ee., conjuct) notes.
aadhunik sangeet siddhant tuning nirdhaarit karane key liye mool ikai key roop mein saptak kaa upayog kartaa haye, jahaan pracheen yoonaniyon ney tetracord kaa upayog kiya thaa. pracheen yunani siddhantkaron ney maanaa kii saptak ack maulik antaral haye lekin ise dou tetracord aur ack poore swar seey nirmit maanaa.
pracheen yunani sangeet siddhant.
pracheen yunani sangeet siddhant tetracords kii teen "vansh" (ekvachanah "vansh") koo alag kartaa haye. inn vanshon kii visheshta tetracord key teen antaralon mein seey sabse badee haih
jaba dou chhote antaralon kaa sanyojan shesh (asangat) antaral seey cumm hotaa haye, tou teen-nott samooh koo "pycan" ("pycan" seey, jiska arth haye "sampeedit") kahaa jaataa haye. yeh varna aur harmonic tetracard key liye mamla haye, lekin dietonic (jiska arth haye "faila huaa") tetracard key liye naheen haye.
tetracard kii joe bhee tuning hoe, usake chaar degree koo aarohi crum mein, "hypet", "parhypet", "lichanos" (yaa "hypermese"), aur "mez" aur, pranali key nirmaan mein dusare tetracard key liye, "paramese", "trite", "paranet", aur "nett" naam diyaa gayaa haye. hypet" aur "mez", aur "paramese" aur "nett" sthir hain, aur ack poorna chautha alag haye, jabaki "paraipet" aur "lichanos", yaa "trite" aur "paranet" kii sthiti chala haye.
choonki teen vansh kewal tetracord key bheetar sambhaavit antaral kii shreniyon kaa pratinidhitva karate hain, isaliye vishisht tuning key saath vibhinn "shades" ("chroi") nirdisht kiye gaye they. ack baar tetracard key vansh aur chhaaya koo nirdisht karane key baad, unaki vyavastha teen mukhya prakaar key taraju kaa utpaadan curr sakati haye, joe iss baat parr nirbhar karati haye kii tetracard key kiss nott koo paimaane key pahale nott key roop mein liya jaataa haye. tetracord swayam apane dwara utpaadit taraju seey swatantra rahate hain, aur greek siddhantkaron dwara inn taraju key naam parr kabhi naheen rakhaa gayaa thaa.
sabhi mamalon mein, tetracard key charam nott, ee-bee, aur aeye-ee, sthir rahate hain, jabaki beach key nott genus key aadhar parr alag hotey hain.
pythagorean tuning.
yahaan dietonic aur rangeen tetracords key paaramparik pythagorean tuning hainh
yahaan architas key liye jimmedaar enharmonic genus kaa ack pratinidhi pythagorean tuning haih
shaastriya veenaa parr taaron kii sankhya vibhinn yugon mein bhinn thee, aur sambhavatah vibhinn ilaakon mein-chaar, saat aur duss pasandida sankhyaaen theen. badey taraju kaa nirmaan netrashleshma yaa vichhedan tetracords seey kiya jaataa haye. netrashleshma tetracard ack swar saajha karate hain, jabaki vichhedan tetracard 9/8 (ack pythagorean pramukh sekand) key "vichhedansheel swar" dwara alag kiye jaate hain. vaikalpik netrashleshmala aur vichhedan tetracard ack paimana banaate hain joe saptakon mein dohrata haye (jaisa kii parichit dietonic paimaane mein, dietonic vansh seey iss tarah seey banaaya gayaa haye), lekin yeh ekmatra vyavastha naheen thee.
greek logon ney dietonic, enharmonic aur chromatic sahit vibhinn shabdon kaa upayog karke vansh kaa vishleshan kiya. taraju kaa nirmaan netrashleshma yaa vichhedan tetracords seey kiya jaataa haye.
yeh hoffman key baad chalmers dwara superparticular divisions kii ack aanshik talika haye.
vividhataaen.
romantic yug.
samaan swabhaav tuning parr adharit tetracords kaa upayog samanya heptatonic taraju kii vyakhya karane key liye kiya jaataa thaa. tetracords kii nimnalikhit shabdawali koo dekhate hue (ank tetracords key lagaatar antaral mein semitones kii sankhya dete hain, paanch koo jodate hain):
nimnalikhit taraju koo dou tetracords koo ack poore charan (2) key saath jodkar praapt kiya jaa sakata haih
yeye sabhi taraju dou poorna vichhed tetracard dwara banaae jaate hainh yunani aur madhyayugeen siddhant key vipareet, tetracard yahaan paimaane seey paimaane mein badalate hain (i.ee.see pramukh tetracard see-dee-ee-aff, dee pramukh dee-ee-aff-jee, see minor see-dee-ee-aff, aadi hoga.). pracheen yunani sangeet key 19veen shatabdi key siddhantkaron kaa maanana thaa kii pracheen kaal mein bhee aisaa hii huaa thaa, aur unhone kalpana kii kii dorian, frigian yaa lydian tetracard maujood they. iss galat dhaarana kii ninda otto gombosi key shodh prabandh (1939) mein kii gaee thee.
20veen shatabdi kaa vishleshan.
20veen shatabdi key baad key siddhantkar aksar vibhinn shailiyon aur aitihaasik avadhiyon key sangeet kaa vishleshan karate samay kissy bhee chaar-swar samooh kaa varnan karane key liye "tetracord" shabd kaa upayog karate hain. chromatic tetracard" abhivyakti kaa upayog dou alag-alag indriyon mein kiya jaa sakata haih chromatic paimaane key chaar-nott khand seey yukt vishesh mamle kaa varnan karane key liye, yaa, adhik aitihaasik roop seey unmukh sandarbh mein, ack poorna chauthe key antaral koo bharane key liye upayog kiye jaane vaale chhah chromatic noton koo sandarbhit karane key liye, joe aamtaur parr avrohi baas rekhaaon mein paae jaate hain. iska upayog chaar seey cumm noton key sett kaa varnan karane key liye bhee kiya jaa sakata haye, jaba ack poorna chauthe key antaral koo badhaane key liye paimaane jaise tareeke seey upayog kiya jaataa haye.
atnal upayog.
elen fort kabhi-kabhi "tetracard" shabd kaa upayog karate hain jiska arth haye kii vaha kaheen aur "tetraid" yaa buss "4-element sett"-kissy bhee chaar pichon yaa "pitch vargon" kaa ack sett kahate hain. baarah-swar siddhant mein, shabd mein baarah-swar pankti key kissy bhee lagaatar chaar noton kaa vishesh arth hoe sakata haye.
gair-paschimi taraju.
samaan-swabhaav vaale tuning parr adharit tetracords kaa upayog bhaaratiya, hangerian, arabi aur yunani sangeet mein upayog mein aaney vaale samanya heptatonic taraju kaa anuman lagaane key liye bhee kiya jaataa thaa. 19veen aur 20veen shatabdi key paschimi siddhantkaron ney aashvast kiya kii kissy bhee paimaane mein dou tetracord aur ack swar honah chaahiye, jisamen vibhinn sanyojanon kaa varnan kiya gayaa haye joe vibhinn prakaar key videshi taraju key anuroop honey chaahiye. udaaharan key liye, ack, dou yaa teen semitone key nimnalikhit dietonic antaral, hamesha kull paanch semitone, poore charan seey judane parr 36 sanyojanon kaa utpaadan karate hainh
bhaaratiya-vishisht tetracord pranali.
kahaa jaataa haye kii ack aadhe kadam seey alag tetracord vishesh roop seey bhaaratiya sangeet mein bhee dikhaai dete hain. iss mamle mein, nichale "tetracord" mein kull chhah semitone (ack triton) hotey hain. nimnalikhit tatva 36 sanyojanon kaa utpaadan karate hain jaba aadhe charan seey juda jaate hain. oopar varnit 36 sanyojanon key saath yeye 36 sanyojan tathaakathit "72 karnik mode" kaa utpaadan karate hain.
farsi.
farsi sangeet yunani sangeet kii tulanaa mein chauthe key antaral koo alag tarah seey vibhajit kartaa haye. udaaharan key liye, all-farabi chauthe key vibhajan kii chaar shailiyon kaa varnan kartaa haih
vaha chaar anya sambhaavit shailiyon key saath jaari rakhate hain "swar koo chauthai, aathven, teesare, aadhe tihai, chauthai tihai mein vibhajit karate hain aur unhein vividh tarikon seey jodate hain. baad mein, vaha veenaa parr frate kii sambhaavit sthiti prastut kartaa haye, joe taaron key beach chauthe key antaral koo vibhajit karane vaale duss antaral kaa utpaadan kartaa haih
yadi koee yeh maanata haye kii lute (oud) key taaron key beach ack chauthe kaa antaral ack tetracard key anuroop haye, aur ack saptak mein dou tetracard aur ack pramukh swar hain, tou yeh ack 25-swar paimana banaayega. ack adhik samaveshi vivaran (jahan ottoman, farsi aur arabi overlap), paimaane key vibhajan kaa 24 chauthai tone kaa haye (arabi makaam bhee dekhein). yeh ullekh kiya jaanaa chaahiye kii anya islami granthon key beach, all-farabi mein atirikt vibhajan yojanaaen bhee theen, saath hii saath yunani pranali kaa ack vivaran bhee thaa kyonki aksar abhijaat siddhant shamil kiye jaate they.
rachana roop.
tetracord, ack maulik roop seey adhura tukada, usa tukade kii punaravritti parr nirmit dou sanrachanaatmak roopon kaa aadhar haih shikayat aur litney.
avrohi tetracard tonic seey pramukh taka, aamtaur parr mamuli (ee.jee. a-g-f-e ack nabalig mein), punarjagaran key baad seey ack vilaap koo darshaane key liye upayog kiya jaataa thaa. prasiddh mamalon mein heinry percel key "dido aur annes" mein dido key eriya kaa "jaba main prithvi mein padaa huun" kaa austinato baas, bee minor mein johann sebastian baach key dravyamaan mein "crucifixus", beadbluevy 232, yaa see minor, kevi 427, aadi mein mosart key dravyamaan mein "kwi tollis" shamil hain. iss tetracard, jise "lamello" ("shikayat", "vilaap") key roop mein jaanaa jaataa haye, kaa upayog aaj taka kiya jaataa rhaa haye. ack prakaar kaa roop, poorna varnamay vansh (ee.jee. aeye-jee-jee-aff-aff-ee ack minor mein), barok "figuranlehre" mein "passus duriousculus" key roop mein jaanaa jaataa haye.
romantic yug kaa ack chhota, mukt sangeet roop maujood haye, jise "shikayat" yaa "shikayat" (aff. aar.) kahaa jaataa haye.) yaa vilaap. yeh aam taur parr samroop banaavat mein harmonic bhinnataon kaa ack samooh haye, jisamen baas kuchh tetracord key madhyam seey utarata haye, sambhavatah pichhale paragraph kaa, lekin aamtaur parr ack mamuli mode kaa sujhaav detaa haye. iss tetracard koo, ack bahut hii chhote ground baas key roop mein maanaa jaataa haye, jise rachana kii lambai parr baar-baar dohraya jaataa haye.
isi samay avadhi kaa ack aur sangeet roop "litney" yaa "litney" (aff. aar.) haye.), yaa "lighteny" (oee spur). yeh samroop banaavat mein harmonic bhinnataon kaa ack samooh bhee haye, lekin vilaap key vipareet, yahaan tetracordal tukada-aarohi yaa avrohi aur sambhavatah punah krambaddh-ack coral prastaavana key tareeke seey oopari aavaaj mein sett kiya gayaa haye. vishay kii charam sankshiptata aur aavashyak punaraavrittiyon kii sankhya key kaaran, aur vilaap mein tetracord key liye taar kii pragati key bandhan seey mukt, litney mein harmonic bhraman kii chaudaai aamtaur parr ullekhaniya haye.
sandarbh.
srot

