
kaale jahaaj

kaalaa jahaaj (edo avadhi key liye) 16veen aur 19veen shatabdi mein japan pahunchane vaale paschimi jahaajon koo diyaa gayaa naam thaa.
1543 mein purtagaliyon ney gova koo nagasaki seey jodane vaale vyaapaar maarg kii sthaapana karate hue pahala sampark shuru kiya. iss vyaapaar mein lagey badey kairak mein patwar koo pitch key saath kaalaa rung diyaa gayaa thaa, aur yeh shabd sabhi paschimi jahaajon kaa pratinidhitva karane key liye aaya thaa. 1639 mein, isai vichaar key prabhaav parr doshi thaharaae gaye vidroh koo dabaane key baad, sattaaroodh tokugawa shogunet ack algavvadi neeti, sakoku mein peechhe hutt gayaa. iss "bund raajya" key dauran, paschimi logon dwara japan key saath sampark nagasaki mein dejima dweep taka seemit thaa.
1844 mein, neetherland key villium dwiteeya ney japan seey kholane kaa aagrah kiya, lekin ise aswikar curr diyaa gayaa. 8 julaai, 1853 koo yuu.aiss. nausena ney edo mein khaadi mein chaar yuddhapot bheje aur dhamki dee kii aggar japan ney paschim key saath vyaapaar shuru naheen kiya tou vaha hamla curr dega. unake aagaman ney dou sou seey adhik varshon key aatm-thope gaye algaav key baad desh koo raajneetik baatchit key liye phir seey kholane koo chihnit kiya. paschimi deshon key saath vyaapaar taba taka naheen hoga jaba taka kii paanch saal seey adhik samay baad mitrata aur vanijya kii sandhi naheen hoe jaati.
vishesh roop seey, "curofune" kaa arth haye "mississippi", "plymouth", "saratoga" aur "suskiana" japan key udghaatan key liye perry abhiyaan, 1852-1854, joe 14 julaai, 1853 koo kanagawa praant, japan mein uraga bandargah (vartamaan yokosuka kaa hissa) mein aaya thaa. "kaalaa" puraane naukaayan jahaajon key kaale rung koo sandarbhit kartaa haye, aur americi jahaajon key koyale seey chalane vaale bhaap injanon seey kaalaa dhuaan. iss arth mein, "curofune" algaav key anta kaa prateek bunn gayaa.
pahala curofune jahaajah nau doo trato.
1543 mein purtagaali vyaapaari japan pahunche aur paschim key saath pahala sampark shuru kiya. jald hii unhone gova mein apane mukhyalaya koo malakka seey nagasaki taka jodane key liye ack vyaapaar maarg sthaapit kiya. badey karaik falate-phoolate "nainban vyaapaar" mein lagey hue they, jisamen europeeya vyapariyon seey aadhunik aavishkaron kii shuruat kii gaee, jaise kii parishkrit cheeni, prakashiki aur agneyastra; yeh agneyastra, arquabus they, joe sengoku avadhi kaa ack pramukh navachar bunn gayaa-ack samay jaba teevra aantarik yuddh-jaba matchlock koo dohraya gayaa thaa. baad mein, way trikoniya vyaapaar mein lagey rahey, chean seey makaau key madhyam seey japan seey resham key saath chaandi kaa adaan-pradaan karate rahey.
iss vyaapaar mein lagey purtagaliyon dwara "nau doo trato" ("sandhi jahaaj") yaa "nau daa chaina" naamak 1200 seey 1600 tunn key kairak mein patwar koo pitch key saath kaalaa rung diyaa gayaa thaa, aur yeh shabd sabhi paschimi jahaajon key liye lagu honey lagaa. yeh naam 1603 mein sankalit pahale paschimi japani shabdakosh nippo jisho mein ankit thaa.
1549 mein spanish missionary francis javier ney japan mein ack jesuit mission shuru kiya. isai dharm fail gayaa, nae vyaapaar key saath milaa, kisaanon aur kuchh daimyo (sardar) key beach 300,000 dharmaantaran kiya. 1637 mein isai prabhaav parr doshi thaharaae gaye shimabara vidroh koo dabaa diyaa gayaa thaa. purtagaali vyapariyon aur jesuit missionaryon koo uttarottar sakht pratibandhon kaa saamana karna padaa, aur 1639 mein nishkaasit honey seey pahale degima dweep taka seemit they.
tokugawa shogunet algavvad kii neeti mein vaapas chalaa gayaa, jisaki pehchaan adhikansh baahari deshon key saath sampark parr pratibandh lagaane key roop mein kii gaee thee. chean, koria, ryukyu dweepon aur dutch key saath kewal ack seemit paimaane key vyaapaar aur rajanyik sambandh banaae rakhe gaye they. sakoko neeti 1853 taka commodore perry key aagaman aur japan key "udghaatan" key saath prabhaavi rahee.
gunboat kootneeti.
commodore perry kaa behtar sainya bull japan key saath americi vyaapaar kii anumati dene vaali sandhi parr baatchit karane kaa pramukh kaarak thaa, iss prakaar 200 seey adhik varshon kii sakoku avadhi koo prabhaavi dhang seey samaapt curr diyaa gayaa jisamen japan key saath vyaapaar kii anumati dutch, koriyai, cheeni aur vishesh roop seey ainu koo dee gaee thee.
edo khaadi mein pravesh karane vaale chaar jahaajon key havaa mein kaalaa dhuaan garjana karate hue aur apani shakti key tahat aage badhane mein saksham honey key drishya ney japaniyon koo bahut daraa diyaa. perry ney tata seey aaney vaale anurodhon koo nazarandaj curr diyaa kii usey nagasaki-baahari vyaapaar key liye aadhikarik bandargah-mein jaanaa chaahiye-aur badale mein apane jahaajon koo seedhe edo mein leey jaane kii dhamki dee, aur aggar usey jameen parr jaane kii anumati naheen dee gaee tou shahar koo jameen parr jalaa diyaa. antatah iss baat parr sahamati bunny kii vaha kurihama mein paas hii utaren, jisake baad unhone apana patra diyaa aur chaley gaye.
agale varsh, kanagawa key sammelan mein, perry sanyukt raajya america kii nausena kii shakti kaa pradarshan karane key liye, aur apani ghoshana koo bhaar dene key liye kii vaha phir seey naheen chhodenge, aathh daraavane kaale jahaajon key bede key saath laut aae, jaba taka kii unaki sandhi naheen hoe gaee. antarim mein, adhikaariyon dwara bahas key baad japani sarkaar ney yuddh seey bachane aur sanyukt raajya key saath ack sandhi parr sahmat honey kaa faisala kiya thaa. 
lagbhag ack maheene kii baatchit key baad, "shogun" key adhikaariyon ney shaanti aur sauhard kii sandhi key saath perry prastut kiya. perry ney sandhi kii kuchh sharton koo aswikar curr diyaa, lekin baad mein apane prastaav koo sthagit karane aur anta mein japan aur sanyukt raajya america key beach aupchaarik rajanyik sambandh sthaapit karane parr sahmat hoe gaye. ack sthaayi samjhaute parr baatchit karane key liye, ack vanijya doot, townsand harris koo shimoda mein chhodate hue, bedaa ravaana hoe gayaa. 29 julaai 1858 koo sanyukt raajya america key saath harris sandhi parr hastakshar kiye gaye they aur shaanti aur sauhard kii sandhi parr hastakshar karane key paanch varshon key bheetar, japan anya paschimi deshon key saath sandhiyon parr hastakshar karane key liye aage badh gayaa thaa.
kaale jahaajon kii pahali yatra seey prerit ashcharya aur bhaya kaa varnan iss prasiddh "kyaka" (31-akshar vaale vaak roop mein ack hasyamaya kavita) mein kiya gayaa haih
yeh kavita shleshon kaa ack jatil samooh haye (japani mein, "kekotoba" yaa "dhuri shabd"). "taihi" (<unk>) kaa arth haye "shaant"; "jokisen" (<unk>) hurry chaay key ack mahange brand kaa naam haye jisamen badee matra mein caffein hotaa haye; aur "shihai" (<unk>) kaa arth haye "chaar cup", isaliye kavita kaa shaabdik anuvaad haih
dhuri shabdon parr adharit ack vaikalpik anuvaad haye. "taihi" "prashant mahasagar" "koo sandarbhit curr sakata haye;" "jokisen" "kaa arth" "bhaap seey chalane vaale jahaaj" "bhee haye; aur" "shihai" "kaa arth" "chaar jahaaj" "bhee haye. isaliye, kavita kaa ack chhipa huaa arth haih
"curofune" ("" kaale jahaaj "") pahale japani opera kaa sheershak bhee haye, jise kosaku yamada dwara rachit kiya gayaa haye, "" tojin okichi kii kahani parr adharit haye, ack geesha joe tokugawa shogunet key ghatate varshon mein japan mein uthal-puthal mein funce gayaa thaa ", jiska premiere 1940 mein huaa thaa.

