
krishi-bhoovigyaan

krishi bhoovigyaan krishi-khanij key roop mein jaane jaane vaale khanijon kii utpatti aur unake anuprayogon kaa adhyayan haye. yeye khanij krishi aur bagwani key liye mahatvapurna hain, vishesh roop seey mitty kii urvarta aur urvarak ghatakon key sambandh mein. yeye khanij aamtaur parr aavashyak paadap poshak tatva hotey hain. krishi-bhoovigyaan koo krishi mein samasyaon key liye bhoovigyaan key anuprayog key roop mein bhee paribhaashit kiya jaa sakata haye, vishesh roop seey mitty kii utpaadaktaa aur swaasthya key sandarbh mein. yeh kshetra bhoovigyaan, mrida vigyaan, krishi vigyaan aur rasayan vigyaan sahit kuchh alag-alag kshetron kaa sanyojan haye. samagr uddeshya mitty key rasayanik aur bhautik pahaluon mein sudhaar key liye bhoovaigyaanik sansadhanon kaa upayog karke krishi utpaadan koo aage badhaana haye.
itihas.
pramukh vitt poshan praapt karane vaali pahali krishi-bhoovigyaan pariyojana tanzania-kanada pariyojana (1989) thee. yeh pariyojana dakshini tanzania mein sthaaniya kachche maal koo dhoondhane aur pareekshan karke mitty kii utpaadaktaa badhaane mein kisaanon kii sahaayata karane key tareeke key roop mein hui thee. halanki, urvarak key roop mein kachche maal kaa upayog 1800 key dashak kii ack pratha haye. erling jaarne johnson ney varshon mein nitrophosphate prakriya kii khoj kii.
urvarak key roop mein rock phosphat.
krishi mein ack aam samasya phosphorus kii kamee vaali mitty seey nipatna haye. nitrogen aur potasium key saath-saath phosphorus, paudhon key vikas aur swaasthya koo nirdhaarit karane mein ack mahatvapurna tatva haye. phosphorus kii kamee vaali mitty koo thheek karane key liye paaramparik urvarakon kaa ack uchch pratishat mitty mein aghulansheel parisar bunn jaataa haye. yeh nirantar punah anuprayog kii aavashyakta prastut kartaa haye. rock phosphat, jise phosphorite key roop mein bhee jaanaa jaataa haye, kaa upayog paudhe key vikas seey judee samasyaon koo thheek karane key liye ack sthaayi, laagat prabhaavi vidhi key roop mein kiya jaa sakata haye.
rock phosphat mitty key bhandar seey khanan kiya jaataa haye jisamen phosphorus hotaa haye. yeh dakshin africa, kanada, samudri tala aur prashant aur atlantic mahasagaron mein samudri pahaadon parr paaya jaa sakata haye. yeye chattaanen jyaadaatar talchhati hain, ack udaaharan choona patthar haye.
ghulansheel aur aasaani seey sulabh anya tatvon key vipareet, rock phosphat koo sansaadhit karane kii aavashyakta hoti haye taaki unamen phosphorus koo paudhe aur mitty key sevan key liye upalabdh karaaya jaa sakey. vartamaan mein, rock phosphat koo sansaadhit karane key kuchh tareeke hain. kavak key madhyam seey rock phosphat kaa sookshmajeev ghulansheelkaran carbonic acid kaa utpaadan karane vaali prakriyaon dwara acarbonic phosphat koo ghulansheel roopon mein todane mein saksham paaya gayaa haye.
khanan seey nikalane vaali avashisht dhool kaa upayog bhee prasanskrit urvarak key saath milkar kiya gayaa haye taaki paudhon key vikas mein sudhaar kiya jaa sakey. zimbabwe mein ack adhyayan seey pataa chalata haye kii yeh mishran paudhe kii vriddhi, phosphorus key star aur carbonic carbon koo badhaata haye.
vaanijyik urvarak rasayan vigyaan kaa upayog karke rock phosphat kaa khanan aur prasanskaran karate hain. phosphorite kaa khanan mukhya roop seey dragline aur balty wheel utkhanan yantron kaa upayog karke satah key tarikon seey kiya jaataa haye. ack baar jaba yeh jameen parr hoe jaataa haye aur ashuddhiyon koo hataa diyaa jaataa haye, tou phosphat chattan mein paani aur sulfuric acid milaaya jaataa haye joe jipsum chrystal utpann kartaa haye, joe humm naheen chaahte hain usase chhutkara paane kaa ack tarika haye, jisase phosphorus ack amleeya taral key roop mein reh jaataa haye. phosphorus key star koo badhaane key liye, ashuddhiyon koo avakshepit kiya jaataa haye aur kissy bhee atirikt paani koo vaashpit kiya jaataa haye. phir vaashp amonia koo taral phosphorus parr lagaaya jaataa haye aur antim utpaad phosphorus daane hotey hain.
krishi mein upayog kiye jaane vaale anya kachche maal kii soochi.
appetite-amleeya mitty mein phosphat key dheere-dheere nikalane kaa ack pramukh srot.
carbonate-isamen amlata aur sambandhit vishaaktata kii samasyaon koo hull karane key liye upayog kii jaane vaali seemit samagri hoti haye.
malakite-tambe kii kamee koo sudhaarne key liye upayogi
scoria-mitty key paani key sanrakshan aur poshak tatvon kii dheemi rihaai pradaan karane key liye ack mulching samagri key roop mein upayogi haye.
zeolite-nitrogen key sanrakshan mein upayogi aur appetite yugm pratikriya seey phosphorus koo chhodane mein upayogi, ph bhee badhaata haye
bhavishya.
kachche maal kaa upayog karane seey krishi utpaadan mein kaafee sudhaar hoe sakata haye kyonki yeh laagat prabhaavi, aasaani seey sulabh aur tikaau donon haye. krishi-bhoovigyaan, halanki abhee bhee vikas mein haye, fasal kii kheti aur upaj key liye krishi sambandhi mahatva kaa saabit hoe rhaa haye, jisake parinamswarup khaadya kii kamee aur kheti seey judee arthavyavastha seey sambandhit muddon koo hull kiya jaa rhaa haye.
krishi bhoovigyaan mein visheshagyata rakhane vaale vaigyaanikon koo krishi bhoovaigyaanik kahaa jaataa haye.

