matheran

matheran bhaarat key maharashtra raajya mein sthit raigarh jile key karjat taluka mein ack vaahan mukt hill station aur ack nagar parishad haye. matheran mumbai mahanagar kshetra kaa hissa haye aur bhaarat key sabse chhote hill stations mein seey ack haye. yeh paschimi ghaaton mein samudra tala seey lagbhag 800 meater (2,625 feat) kii oonchaai parr sthit haye. yeh mumbai seey lagbhag 90 kii. mee. aur puney seey 120 kii. mee. door haye. inn shahari kshetron kii yeh nikatata ise kaee logon key liye saptahant kii sair kaa sthaan banaati haye. matheran, jiska arth haye marathi mein (pahaadon kaa) "maathe parr jangal", ack paryaavaran-samvedansheel kshetra haye, jise paryaavaran, vann aur jalavaayu parivartan mantralaya, bhaarat sarkaar dwara ghoshit kiya gayaa haye. yeh asia kaa ekmatra automobile mukt hill station haye.
iss kshetra mein kaee hotal aur parsi bangale hain. purani british aupaniveshik vastukala matheran mein sanrakshit haye. sadaken laal laterite mitty seey bunny hain.
itihas.
1850 key maee mein raigarh jile key tatkalin jilaa collector hyug pointz mallet ney matheran kii pehchaan kii thee. bombe key tatkalin governor lord elphinstone ney bhavishya key hill station key roop mein vikas kii neenv rakhee thee. angrejon ney matheran koo kshetriya garmi seey bachane key liye vikasit kiya. yeh swatantrata senani veer bhaai kotwal kaa janmasthan bhee haye.
matheran railway
matheran pahaadi railway kaa nirmaan 1907 mein surr adamji pirbhoy dwara kiya gayaa thaa aur yeh vann bhoomi key madhyam seey ack doori taya kartaa haye. railway kaa nireekshan unesco key adhikaariyon dwara kiya gayaa thaa, lekin yeh vishva dharohar sthalon kii soochi mein jagah banaane mein whiffle rhaa. bhaarat key anya pahaadi railway jaise darziling railway, kangda ghaati railway, nilgiri parvatiya railway pahale seey hii soochi mein hain.
toy train koo 2016 aur 2017 mein adhikansh bhaag key liye bund curr diyaa gayaa thaa. yeh 26 janwari 2018 seey phir seey chaalu hoe gaee aur maharashtra key tatkalin mukhyamantri shree dwara iska ee-udghaatan kiya gayaa thaa. devendra fadanvis. haalaanki, 2019 mein bhuskhalan key baad ise asthaayi roop seey phir seey nilambit curr diyaa gayaa thaa. isake baad, yeh prati ghante key aadhar parr ammon lodge aur matheran station key beach shuttle sawari sanchaalit kartaa haye.
mitty aur chattaanen.
bhaugolik roop seey chattanon key prakaar poori tarah seey dakkan jaal seey baney hain, jisamen cretaceous, eocrase aur abhee bhee cumm umr key laterite key antar-trapian hain. chattan besault haye, jisane paarshvik key roop mein jaane jaane vaale dwiteeyak parivartan koo janm diyaa haye. laterite pahaadiyon mein pramukh haye aur lagbhag pahaadi kii chotiyon koo cover kartaa haye. isase laterite kii kathor ujagar satahen laal bajridar mitty dikhaati hain. mitty mein ack vermicular yaa pisolitic sanrachana hoti haye aur isamen badee matra mein paani hotaa haye. pahaadi kii adhikansh choti parr mitty kaa aavaran bahut cumm haye. chattan kii sabse oopari parat ack naram chhidrapurna lohe kii mitty haye, jisake madhyam seey garmiyon kii shuruat taka paani kii nikasi hoti haye.
vann aur vanaspati.
matheran mein ardh-sadabahar vann maujood hain. pedh sadabahar hotey hain, jisase pathaar key jangal bahut ghaney hoe jaate hain aur yahaan taka kii kaheen-kaheen bheed bhee hoe jaati haye. laterite, chhidrapurna mitty key saath-saath bahut bhaari varsha key saath ghaney kohre key parinamswarup pathaar parr vividhata seey bharpur anoothi vanaspatiyaan hain. vanon mein oopar, beach aur jameen kii manjilon parr vanaspati dikhaai detee haye. pedh chhaaya-premi jadee-bootiyon, parvatarohiyon, furn aur kaaee kii ack badee vividhata parr ack aavaran banaate hain. matheran key jangalon ney kaee vanaspatividon koo aakarshit kiya haih smith jey.vaaee.(1871), birdwood aich.aim. (1886) aur (1896), cook tii. (1887-1901), vudro jee.aim. (1897-1901), irani n.aeye.(1962), satyanarayan aur mudaliyar (1959), vartak, banaam.dee.(1966), kothari aur moorti (1993). sookhe paudhon kaa ack achchha sangrah blatter herberium, sent mein jamaa kiya jaataa haye. javier college, bombe, mumbai. matheran mein badee sankhya mein aushadhiya paudhe aur jadee-bootiyaan hain. ise 4 farwari 2003 koo kendriya paryaavaran mantralaya dwara paryaavaran-samvedansheel kshetra (ee. aiss. jey.) ghoshit kiya gayaa thaa. ee. aiss. jey. key roop mein ghoshana key kaaran vikasatmak gatividhiyon aur khatarnak udyogon kaa nirmaan bund hoe gayaa haye.
matheran mein paae jaane vaale pedon kii soochi.
kshetra kii vanaspati mitty key prakaar aur gaharaai parr nirbhar karati haye. mitty kii gahari kamee key kaaran, pathaaron key kinaaron parr vanaspati kharaab haye. bhaari varsha, vichhedit pahaadi kshetra aur mitty key atyadhik risaav key kaaran, ujagar kshetra cumm upajaau hoe jaate hain aur cumm namee dhaaran karane vaale bunn jaate hain, jisake parinamswarup uthali jadon vaali vanaspati hoti haye. mitty key aavaran koo apani moolyavaan aardrata aur urvarta khone seey bachaane key liye pedh lagaane kii aavashyakta hoti haye. mansoon key dauran havaayen bahut tej hoti hain aur paschim yaa dakshin-paschim seey chalati hain aur janwari seey march taka key teen maheenon key dauran sookhi havaayen bhee chalati hain. yeye havaayen paudhon kii namee koo avashoshit karate hue unhein kataraati aur modti hain.
vanyajeev.
shahar mein bandaron kii ack badee aabaadi bhee haye, jisamen bonat makak aur hanuman langur shamil hain. sawari key liye paltu ghode bhee badee sankhya mein hain aur matheran key prateek mein seey ack hain. jangalon key ander, bhaunkane vaale hiran, malabar key vishal gilhari, lomdi, jangli suar, nevla jaise janwar paae jaa sakate hain. lekin bandaron kii tulanaa mein yeye janwar sankhya mein durlabh hain aur aamtaur parr maanav gatividhi vaale sthaanon parr naheen jaate hain.
tendue kii jhalakiyan
pichhale dashak mein kaee baar matheran mein tendue key dekhane kii khabaren aaee hain. haalaanki tendue matheran mein rahane key liye naheen jaane jaate hain. matheran key aspas kii ghaatiyon mein ghaney jangalon key rahane kaa sandeh haye. haalaanki bhaarat mein unaki ghatati aabaadi key kaaran aajkal unhein dekhana behad durlabh hoe gayaa haye. matheran mein tendue key hamalon kii shoonya ghatanaaen darj kii gaee hain.
jansankhyiki.
2001 kii bhaarat kii janganana key anusaar, matheran kii aabaadi 5139 thee. purushon kii aabaadi 58 pratishat aur mahilaaon kii 42 pratishat thee. matheran kii ausat saksharta darr 71 pratishat thee; purush saksharta 75 pratishat aur mahila saksharta 66 pratishat thee. matheran mein, 11 pratishat aabaadi 6 varsh seey cumm ayu kii thee. bolly jaane vaali bhaashaon mein marathi, hindi aur angreji shamil hain.
bhugol aur jalavaayu.
matheran sthit haye. isaki samudra tala seey ausat oonchaai 800 meater (2,625 feat) haye. ack oonche kshetra mein sthit, isaki jalavaayu apane aspas key saapeksh thhandi aur sookhi hoti haye, jisase yeh garmiyon key dauran lokpriya hoe jaati haye. tapman 32 degree celsius (90 degree fahrenheit) seey 16 degree celsius (61 degree fahrenheit) taka hotaa haye.
octuber seey navambar taka.
mansoon iss samay avadhi seey pahale peechhe hutt jaataa haye, jisase tapman thandaa hoe jaataa haye, lekin aardr naheen hotaa haye. iss tarah kaa mausam darshaniya sthalon koo dekhane mein suvidha pradaan kartaa haye.
disambar seey farwari taka.
sardiyon key maheene thhande hotey hain aur tapman aamtaur parr 11 degree celsius seey oopar rahata haye. jabaki dinn jyaadaatar dhoop vaale hotey hain, shaam aur subah thodi thhand hoti haye. jode apane hanimoon key liye iss samay avadhi koo matheran jaanaa pasand karate hain.
maee taka march karein.
dinn mein tapman 35 degree celsius seey adhik hoe sakata haye. haalaanki, tapman key bavjood paryatak nakhushi kii soochana naheen dete hain.
juuna seey sitambar taka.
iss avadhi mein matheran mein bhaari varsha hoti haye.
parivahan.
matheran rail aur sadak dwara mumbai (100 kii. mee.) aur puney (120 kii. mee.) seey judaa huaa haye, jisamen nikatatam railway station talhati key shahar neral mein haye. nikatatam havaai adda chhatrapati shivaji antarrashtriya havaai adda, mumbai haye.
rail.
matheran shahar key kendra mein ack nairo gaze railway station haye. purani matheran pahaadi railway neral key liye kaee dainik trains pradaan karati haye. 
toy train neral junction parr mukhya rail maarg seey judee hui haye. neral aur matheran key beach mini train yaa toy train seva 22 octuber 2022 seey shuru hui. ammon lodge aur matheran key beach train bhee lagbhag harr ghante key antaral parr lagbhag 85 seeton key saath chalati haye. 
vartamaan mein 2 oopar aur 2 neeche kii train seva shuru kii gaee haye.
pahali train neral seey subah 850 baje shuru hoti haye, doosari train 220 baje haye. aap kramshah subah 1130 baje aur shaam 5 baje matheran pahunchenge.
matheran seey neral trains dopahar 245 baje aur 420 baje hain joe kramshah shaam 530 baje aur shaam 7 baje neral pahunchengi.
sadak.
neral railway station seey ammon lodge taka taxi seva upalabdh haye, jabaki neral aur karjat donon key railway stations seey buss seva upalabdh haye. nagarpalika dwara sanchaalit ambulance key alawa kissy bhee automobile koo matheran key ander jaane kii anumati naheen haye.
gair-swachaalit parivahan.
ammon lodge key alawa, kewal ghode aur haath seey kheenche jaane vaale riksha hii parivahan kii suvidha upalabdh hain.
ubharate samadhan.
nagarpalika ney ammon lodge key alawa electronic riksha koo bhee anumati dene mein apani ruchi vyakt kii haye. haalaanki, iska kaee matheran sthaaniya logon ney virodh kiya haye. isake bavjood, uparokt samadhan key liye pareekshan parikshanon koo nagarpalika dwara pradhikaran diyaa gayaa haye.
ruchi key sthaan.
matheran mein kull milakar 40 sthaan, dou jheelen, dou udyaan, chaar pramukh pooja sthal aur ack daud kaa maidan haye.
drishtikon.
matheran parr kuchh pramukh drishtikon nimnalikhit hainh
jheelen.
matheran koo paani kii aapoorti charlot jheel seey kii jaati haye. yeh baandh mansoon key dauran beh jaataa haye, jisase yeh ack paryatak aakarshan bunn jaataa haye.
park.
matheran mein "paymaster park" kaa rakharkhaav sthaaniya nagarpalika dwara kiya jaataa haye. yahaan bachchon key liye khel aur pagoda aayojit kiye jaate hain.
trekking maarg.
matheran mein vibhinn trekking maarg hain, jinn parr paryatakon dwara aasaani seey gujarna bataaya jaataa haih
suryast bindu maarg.
yeh maarg dodhani gaanv seey shuru hotaa haye aur matheran mein suryast bindu parr samaapt hotaa haye. trekkers key liye yeh sabse lokpriya maarg haye.
2) garbet bindu maarg.
yeh maarg dhaam baandh key paas ack chhote seey adiwasi gaanv "sagchiwadi" seey shuru hotaa haye. yeh doosara sabse lokpriya maarg haye.
3) rambagh bindu maarg.
yeh maarg rambagh bindu seey chauk gaanv key paas pokharwadi naamak ack chhote seey gaanv taka jaataa haye. yeh maarg barsaat key mausam mein ack jharane seey hocker gujarta haye. iss maarg seey gujarate samay morb baandh key apravaahi jall kaa drishya dikhaai detaa haye.
4) ack vriksh pahaadi maarg.
maarg kaa aadhar gaanv ambewadi gaanv haye. ambewadi pokharwadi key paas haye, jahan seey rambagh point kaa maarg shuru hotaa haye. iss maarg seey gujarate samay morb baandh key apravaahi jall kaa drishya dikhaai detaa haye.
5) vikasgarh maarg.
yeh matheran kaa sabse kathin trekking maarg bataaya jaataa haye. yeh aadhar gaanv mamdapur seey shuru hoti haye aur vikasgarh kille key madhyam seey matheran taka pahunchane mein lagbhag 3 ghante lagati haye.
sabhi track koo puuraa honey mein 2 seey 3 ghante key beach kaa samay lagata haye. rambagh point aur vann tree hill maargon parr aajkal aamtaur parr koee trekker naheen jaataa haye.

