
johnn boyd (natakkar)

johnn boyd (1912-2002) ack uttari ayrish shikshak, radio nirmaata aur natakkar they. shramik varg key belfast key bhaashan koo punah prastut karane kii unaki kshamata key liye jaane jaane vaale, unhein uttari ireland key sabse mahatvapurna natakkar key roop mein varnit kiya gayaa haye, aur unhone seamus henny aur stevert parker sahit anya lekhakon key currier koo protsaahit kiya haye.
praarambhik jeevan aur shiksha.
johnn boyd kaa janm 19 julaai 1912 koo purvi belfast key ack mazdoor varg kshetra mein huaa thaa. vaha robbert boyd, ack bhaap injan fireman aur baad mein ack train chaalak, aur jaine boyd (nee leeman) key teen bachchon mein seey pahala bachcha thaa. boyd ney mountpottinger praathamik vidyalaya mein padhaai kii, aur baad mein royal belfast shaikshanik sansthaan key liye chhatravritti jeeti. baad mein unhone ack aur chhatravritti praapt kii, jisase unhein queen vishvavidyalaya belfast mein bhaag lene kii anumati millie. ack yuva ladke koo ack chaacha aur chaachi ney rangmanch aur shram andolan key saahitya seey parichit karaaya, joe unake jeevan kii pramukh adharshila rahey. snaatak honey key baad, unhone ingland mein ack karkhane mein ack niji shikshak key roop mein aur phir belfast mein berojgar yuvaaon key liye ack shaikshik pratishthaan mein kuchh samay key liye kaam kiya. 11 navambar 1939 koo elizabeth mccain (jinake saath unake dou bete aur ack betty hogi) seey apani shaadi key baad, unhone lisburn intermediate school mein shikshan kii naukari kii.
boyd ney baad mein ack extramural bee puuraa kiya.chhota. trinity college doublin key madhyam seey, forrest reed key kaam parr ack thesis key saath, ack belfast lekhak jinake alster saahitya ney unhein prerit kiya. 
carrier.
1940 key dashak kii shuruat mein, boyd ney samajwadi aur rashtravadi samachar patra "ayrish democrate" mein gumnam roop seey kaee lekh prakaashit kiye."1943 mein, unhone apane dost aur saathi lekhak saim hannah bell key saath ack saahityik patrika" "lagaan" "kii saha-sthaapana kii. 1943-6 key beach prakaashit, patrika ney uttari ireland key saahitya aur sanskriti koo badhaava dene kii ummeed kii. boyd belfast key saanskritik jeevan mein ack kendriya vyakti bunn gaye, jisamen ack vritt thaa jisamen roy mcfedden, doubleu shamil they. aar. rosers, joseph tomelty, michael mccleverty, frank oh 'connor aur sent johnn survine.
jaba dwiteeya vishva yuddh kii samaapti key baad, bee. bee. see. ney kshetriya prasaran koo phir seey shuru kiya, tou boyd apane belfast studio mein ack vaarta nirmaata bunn gaye. bee. bee. see. mein rahate hue, boyd koo apani adhikansh saahityik rachanaon kaa nirmaan karna mushkil lagaa, aur vaha kissy bhee raajneetik gatividhi mein khule taur parr bhaag lene mein asamarth they. isake bavjood, unhone bee. bee. see. (jahaan unhone dou dashakon seey adhik samay bitaaya) mein apane samay kaa anand liya, aur uttari ireland kii saanskritik aur raajneetik hastiyon key saath vyaapak roop seey juda gaye. inn varshon key dauran, unhone 'dha arts inn alster' (bell, johnn havit aur nesca robb dwara sampaadit) key liye 'alster gadya' parr ack adhyaay kaa yogdan diyaa, aur 1954 mein munch key liye sent johnn survine key 'shrimati martin key aadami' koo anukoolit kiya.
1960 key dashak key anta seey boyd ney kuchh television karyakramon kaa bhee nirmaan kiya, lekin apane saahityik currier parr dhyaan kendrit karane key iraade seey 1972 mein 60 saal kii umr mein bee. bee. see. seey sevaanivritt hoe gaye. 1971 seey, unhone geet rangmanch kii saahityik patrika "threshold" kaa sampadan kiya, saath hii saath unake saahityik salaahkaar key roop mein rangmanch key utpaadan koo aakar dene mein madad kii. iss bhoomika mein, unhone stevert parker jaise ubharate hue natakkaron koo protsaahit kiya. geet rangmanch mein boyd key kaee natakon kaa nirmaan kiya gayaa, jinamen "dha farm" (1972), "gests" (1974), "dha street" (1977), "facing north" (1979), "speranza boy" (1982), "summer class" (1986), aur "round dha bigg clock" (1992) shamil hain.
apane 1971 key naatak, "dha trubble" key saath, boyd koo ack naatakiya shally key vikas mein yogdan dene vaalaa maanaa jaataa haih trubble key baare mein naatak. "dha flat" uttari ireland key itihas kii iss avadhi key dauran sthaapit kiya jaane vaalaa pahala naatak thaa, aur march 1971 mein geetkaaron dwara prastut kiya gayaa thaa, aur 1973 mein derry key little theatre aur doublin key project theatre mein bahut lokpriya thaa. yeh 1975 mein television parr prasaarit kiya gayaa thaa, aur 1980 mein doublin mein ayrish bhasha mein pradarshan kiya gayaa thaa.
boyd ney aatmakatha key dou khand aur ack maranoparant prakaashit upanyaas, "kadve samudra key paar" bhee likhaa.
mrityu aur viraasat.
johnn boyd kaa julaai 2002 mein lagbhag 90 varsh kii ayu mein belfast mein nidhan hoe gayaa. apane jeevan key dauran, unhone ack badaa vyaktigat sangrah jamaa kiya thaa, jisamen seey adhikansh saahityik aur saanskritik itihaskaron key liye bahut ruchi kaa vishay rhaa haye. ullekhaniya vastuon mein frank oh 'connor kii apane bachpan key baare mein baat karate hue ack durlabh (sambhavatah ekvachan) recording aur james joyce key "eulysis" kaa ack sanskaran shamil haye, jise ayrish seema shulk adhikaariyon dwara ack ashleel prakaashan key roop mein jabt karane seey bachane key liye ireland mein taskari kii gaee thee.
aaj, johnn boyd koo ack prabhaavshaali uttari ayrish vyakti key roop mein sweekaar kiya jaataa haye, jinaki dosti aur samarthan seemaon aur 'sthaaniya roop seey nirmit boxes' seey parey haye. unhein shayed unake aatmakathaatmak lekhan key liye sabse jyada yaad kiya jaataa haye. boyd kaa sangrah aaj uttari ireland key saahityik sangrah kaa hissa haye, joe linnon holl pustakalaya dwara aayojit haye, joe unhein "uttari ireland mein ack saahityik sanskriti key vikas mein ack pramukh vyakti key roop mein varnit kartaa haye."
2003 mein geet theatre mein boyd key liye ack smaarak sabhaa aayojit kii gaee thee. 2008 mein, linnon holl pustakalaya mein boyd key jeevan aur kaam key baare mein ack pradarshani aayojit kii gaee thee.

