
jhaang zaai

jhaang zaai (<unk>) (1020-1077) ack cheeni daarshanik aur rajneta they. vaha buddhijiviyon key liye chaar sattavidyas sambandhi lakshyon koo nirdhaarit karane key liye jaane jaate hainh swarg aur prithvi kii aatma kii abhivyaktiyon kaa nirmaan karna, janata key liye achchha jeevan banaana, ateet key rishiyon kii luptapray vidvata kaa vikas karna aur shashwat shaanti koo kholna.
jeevan aur kaary.
jhaang zaai kaa janm 1020 esvi mein shanxi praant key hengku mein huaa thaa. apane bachpan mein unhone sainya mamalon mein ruchi dikhaai, lekin confucian granthon kaa adhyayan karna shuru curr diyaa. kaee geet daarshnikon kii tarah, jhaang shuru mein confucian vichaar seey nirash they aur unhone kaee varshon taka daovad key saath bauddh dharm kaa adhyayan kiya. lekin, unhone nirnay liya kii bauddh dharm yaa daao dharm mein "raasta" naheen mill sakata haye aur confucian granthon kaa sahaara liya. vividh dhaarmik vichaaron kii unaki khoj kaa unake apane aadarshon parr badaa prabhaav padaa. 1056 mein jhaang ney "parivartanon key utkrisht" parr vyakhyan diyaa, jise unaki sabse yadgar kritiyon mein seey ack key roop mein jaanaa jaayega. yeh sandeh haye kii isi samay key aspas jhaang pahali baar cheng bhaaiyon seey milaa thaa. sivil seva pareekshaon key uchchatam star koo utteern karane key baad, unhone kaee chhote sarkari padon parr kaary kiya.
1069 mein zhang koo samrat koo sujhaav diyaa gayaa aur rajdhani kii sarkaar mein ack sthaan diyaa gayaa, lekin pradhaanmantri key saath asahamati mein padane aur apane ghar hengku mein sevaanivritt honey key kuchh hii samay baad, jahan unhone apana samay adhyayan aur shikshan mein bitaaya. yeh sambhavatah apane daarshanik vichaaron koo vikasit karane aur failaane key liye unake jeevan kaa sabse utpaadak kaal thaa. 1076 esvi mein unhone apana sabse mahatvapurna kaam "agyaantaa koo sudhaarne" key liye puuraa kiya aur ise apane shishyon key saamane prastut kiya. baad mein 1076 esvi mein unhein rajdhani vaapas bulaaya gayaa aur ack uchch pada parr bahaal curr diyaa gayaa. haalaanki, sardiyon mein way beemar hoe gaye aur phir seey istifa dene key liye majboor hoe gaye. vaha kabhi bhee apane grih nagar hengku naheen pahuncha, 1077 mein sadak parr marr gayaa. jhaang koo usake kaam key liye 1241 mein confucian mandir mein sthaapit kiya gayaa thaa. jhaang key kaee lekhan khou gaye hain. zuu zee ney zhang key lekhan key chayan koo apane geet sangrah mein "haath mein cheejon parr pratibimb" key roop mein jaane jaane vaale tareeke key adhyayan key liye ekatra kiya. unaki sabse mahatvapurna jeevit kritiyaan shayed unaki "parivartanon parr tippani" aur "agyaantaa koo sudharna" hain.
jhaang zaai kii mrityu key baad unake adhikansh chhaatr cheng bhaaiyon (cheng yee aur cheng haao) school mein shamil hoe gaye. unake vichaar adhikansh bhaag mein cheng bhaaiyon aur jhoo shee key prayason seey jaane gaye. zuu zee ney jhaang koo maarg key adhyayan key sansthapakon mein seey ack key roop mein sammaanit kiya.
jhaang zaai kaa darshan.
jhaang zaai key anusaar kii kaa arth aur visheshataaen.
jhaang zaai kaa tatvamimansa kaafee hudd taka "parivartanon key classic" parr adharit haye. jhaang key anusaar, duniya kii sabhi cheejen ack adim padaarth seey bunny hain jise kii (chee bhee likhaa jaataa haye) kahaa jaataa haye. jhaang key liye, kii mein padaarth aur way bull shamil hain joe padaarth, yinn aur yang key beach antahkriya koo niyantrit karate hain. apani chhitari hui, durlabh avastha mein, kii adrishya aur aprasangik haye, lekin jaba yeh sanghanit hotaa haye tou yeh ack thhos yaa taral bunn jaataa haye aur nae gunon koo grahan kartaa haye. sabhi bhautik cheejen sanghanit kii seey bunny hainh chattaanen, pedh, yahaan taka kii loga bhee. aisaa kuchh bhee naheen haye joe kii kii naheen haye. iss prakaar, vaastavik arthon mein, harr cheej kaa saar ack hii haye, ack aisaa vichaar jiska mahatvapurna naitik nihitarth haye. cheeni darshan mein jhaang zaai kaa sabse mahatvapurna yogdan unaki ontocosmology key aadhar key roop mein kii kii chinta haye. jhaang zaai key anusaar, kii yaa praan bull vaha maulik padaarth haye jisake dwara brahmand kii sabhi prakriyaon koo samajhaaya jaa sakata haye. sabse pahale, jhaang zaai key anusaar, kii yaa praan shakti hamesha key liye badalane kii prakriya mein haye. doosara, praan bull kaa nirantar parivartan dou siddhanton, yinn aur yang key anusaar gatividhi key ack nishchit pattern kaa paalan kartaa haye. kinn aur yang siddhanton kii nirantar gatividhi key parinamswarup kii dwara kiye gaye parivartan. jhaang zaai kaa nishkarsh yeh haye kii brahmand mein aisaa kuchh bhee naheen haye jise kii kii dohri gatividhi kii paraspar kriya key sandarbh mein samajhaaya naheen jaa sakata haye. teesara, sanghanan seey failaav mein, yaa drishyata seey adrishyata mein kissy bhee cheez kaa parivartan prashnagat cheez key matratmak vilupt honey key vichaar kaa sanket naheen detaa haye. chautha, jhaang zaai iss tathya parr jore dete hain kii halanki kaee gunaa cheejon key nirmaan aur parivartan koo ack samaan pattern (yinn aur yang kii antahkriya) taka cumm kiya jaa sakata haye, lekin poore brahmand mein kuchh bhee kissy aur cheez kii punaravritti naheen haye. jhaang zaai dwara prastut ack udaaharan key roop mein, koee dou vyakti naheen hain jinake munn bilkul samaan hain. paanchvaan, bhautik duniya kii sthaayi gati mool roop seey kissy baahari bull key kaaran naheen hoti haye. unakaa kahana haye kii brahmand apane pahale prerak honey key liye kissy bhee cheez parr nirbhar naheen kartaa haye, kyonki kii ack mahatvapurna aur aatm-gatishil bull haye joe akele sabhi parivartan aur gati koo sambhav banaata haye (huang (1968)).
jhaang zaai kaa maanav achchaae mein vishvaas.
nava-confucian mukhya roop seey jhaang zaai key rishi key siddhant "brahmand key saath ack shareer kaa nirmaan" koo mahatva dete they."yeh siddhant apani shaastriya confucian viraasat key saath confucian nikatata aur nava-confucian pranali key vistaar donon kaa pratinidhitva kartaa haye. jhaang zaai kii shiksha key kendra mein raine, manavata yaa maanviya-hriday kaa vichaar haye, kaee mayanon mein shaastriya confucian parampara kaa mukhya shikshan haye. yeh mool guna, joe confucius aur mencius key liye maanav samaaj aur swarg (tian) key tarikon key beach kaa bandhan thaa aur isaliye brahmand kii antarnihit naitik sanrachana key liye maulik thaa, kaa vistaar jhaang zaai dwara brahmand koo shamil karane key liye kiya gayaa thaa, kyonki rishi key liye "brahmand key saath ack shareer" kaa nirmaan karane seey sookshm brahmand aur brihad brahmand kii poorakta aur maulik pehchaan kaa pataa chalata haye. yeh siddhant brahmand kii maulik achchaae aur uddeshya mein jhaang zaai key vishvaas key saath-saath rishi key aadarsh koo praapt karane kii vyakti kii kshamata koo bhee darshaata haye. brahmand key saath ack shareer banaane" key shikshan mein, jhaang zaai ney confucius koo bauddh dharm aur daao dharm seey spasht roop seey alag karane kaa bhee daavaa kiya. unake liye brahmand aur usaki prakriyaon kaa ack vaastavik astitva haye. badale mein, maanav jeevan koo aantarik roop seey moolyavaan aur antatah rishi key bodh kii neenv key roop mein dekhaa jaataa haye. jhaang zaai key liye, iss tarah kaa drishtikon spasht roop seey daovad aur bauddh dharm seey alag haye, donon key liye brahmand seey ack kattarpanthi prasthaan kii aavashyakta hoti haye kyonki yeh soteriological khoj koo puuraa karane key liye diyaa gayaa haye. jhaang zaai key shabdon mein, daovad aur bauddh dharm donon duniya seey palayan parr jore dete hain, jabaki confucius iss duniya mein paae jaane vaale parivartanon key bheetar poornata aur antim pehchaan paataa haye, khalipan key bajaay kii kii duniya. rishi kii kii kii antim vaastaviktaa aur isaki antarnihit achchaae koo sweekaar kartaa haye, vaha brahmand kii poori sanrachana mein raine key jalsek koo sweekaar kartaa haye, aur iss prakaar vaha rishi key aadarsh koo puuraa curr sakata haye, "brahmand key saath ack shareer kaa nirmaan curr sakata haye."
vanshaj.
jhaang zaai kii santanon koo wujing boshi (wujing boshi) kii upaadhi dee gaee thee.
1452 mein wujing boshi koo mengi-meng ziven kii 56veen peedhi aur yaan hui-yaan jihui kii 59veen peedhi kii santanon koo pradaan kiya gayaa thaa, yahee raashi jhau dooney-jhau miyan kii 12veen peedhi, dou cheng bhaaiyon (cheng haao aur cheng yee-chain keren 17veen peedhi), jhoo jhoo ting (jhoo chaan?) 9veen peedhi, 1539 mein, zheng caine kii santan-zheng jhikui kii 60veen peedhi koo yeh puraskar diyaa gayaa thaa, 1622 mein zhang zaai kii santan koo yeh upaadhi millie aur 1630 mein shaao yong kii santan koo.

