salisbury cathedral ghadee

salisbury cathedral ghadee, ingland key salisbury cathedral mein, binaa dial key ack badee lohe kii frame vaali meenar ghadee haye. yeh lagbhag 1386 seey socha jaataa haye, yeh sabse shuruati prakaar kii yaantrik ghadee kaa ack achchi tarah seey sanrakshit udaaharan haye, jise kagaar aur parna ghadiyaan kahaa jaataa haye, aur ise duniya kii sabse purani kaam karane vaali ghadee kahaa jaataa haye, halanki anya ghadiyon key liye isi tarah key daave kiye jaate hain. pahale ack ghanti-meenar mein jise 1790 mein dhwast curr diyaa gayaa thaa, ghadee koo 1956 mein kaam karane kii sthiti mein bahaal curr diyaa gayaa thaa aur paschimi morche key karib cathedral key uttari naabhi galiyare mein pradarshit kiya gayaa haye.
itihas.
ghadee kii khoj 1928 mein kii gaee thee, jise cathedral tower mein alag rakhaa gayaa thaa. usa samay isamen ack pendulam thaa, joe baad kii tarikh mein sthaapit kiya gayaa thaa, ack kinare aur parnasamuh kii jagah. 1956 mein ghadee koo bahaal kiya gayaa thaa, aur ack prajanan kagaar aur parna sthaapit kiye gaye they. koee chitra yaa dastavej upalabdh naheen they, aur yeh sambhav haye kii mool parna aur kinare seey bachane kii jagah bilkul vaisi naheen thee jaisi abb ghadee mein sthaapit kii gaee thee.
ghadee kii hadataali train koo mool maanaa jaataa haye.
inmein seey kaee adhik vyaavhaarik upkaranon kii tarah, iska mukhya uddeshya sateek samay parr ack ghanti bajaana thaa. shayed isamen dial naheen thaa. pahiyon aur gear koo chaar-post lohe key frame mein lagaaya jaataa haye. nuts aur boult (jinka aavishkaar naheen kiya gayaa thaa) key bajaay, framework koo dhaatu key waged tennon key saath rakhaa jaataa haye.
jaisa kii paaya gayaa, palayan ack pendulam thaa joe ack pratisthaapan honah chaahiye thaa, kyonki yeh iss yug kii ghadiyon key liye bahut jaldi haye, joe kinare aur pattedaar hoti. bijli kii aapoorti dou badey patthar key vajan dwara kii gaee thee. jaise hii vajan neeche aataa haye, lakadi key bairal seey rassiyaan aaraam karati hain. ack bairal chalati train koo chalaata haye joe palayan dwara viniyamit hoti haye; doosari hadataali train koo chalaati haye, jisaki gati fly (air break) dwara viniyamit kii jaati haye.
vazan key farsh parr pahunchane seey pahale, unhein phir seey oopar karna padata haye, ack aisaa kaary joe ghadee key donon chhoron parr sanchaalan pahiyon key aakar key dou badey pahiyon kii upasthiti koo samajhaata haye.
ghadee abb ack "ekal hadtaal" ghadee haye joe kewal ghante parr chalati haye. yeh dinn mein prati ghante ack hadtaal kartaa haye (ee.jee. dopahar mein ack hadtaal). ghadee kaa baayan aadhaa hissa (jaisa kii oopar kii tasveer mein haye), hadataali train haye; daaen aadhe hisse mein jaa rahee train haye. jaba iska nirmaan kiya gayaa thaa, tou hoe sakata haye kii yeh janata key liye kewal ghanti bajaata hoe, jinamen seey chaar taka they.
17veen shatabdi key anta mein, kaee anya logon kii tarah, salisbury ghadee koo kagaar aur parnasamuh seey pendulam aur lunger sanchaalan mein sanshodhit kiya gayaa thaa. yeh aamtaur parr ghadiyon koo bahut adhik sateek banaata haye, bhale hii 1990 key dashak kii shuruat mein michael maltin dwara kiye gaye parikshanon seey pataa chalaa kii aggar bairal parr russie koo ack parat mein rakhaa jaataa haye tou ghadee dinn mein dou minut key bheetar chala rahee thee. jaise hii dou paraten hoti hain, vajan key aadhar parr bairal parr adhik toqa lagaaya jaataa haye aur ghadee teji seey chalati haye. choonki ghadee koo 12 ghante taka chalane key liye ack parat paryaapt haye, isaliye aggar ise dinn mein dou baar ghaav kiya gayaa hotaa tou ise dinn mein dou minut key bheetar sateek rakhaa jaa sakata thaa.
1790 mein, 1386 key dastaavez mein ullikhit church key cannon key karib kii khaai parr 'purana ghanti tower', jisamen ghadee rakhee gaee thee, koo dhwast curr diyaa gayaa thaa, isaliye ghadee koo cathedral key kendriya tower mein sthanantarit curr diyaa gayaa thaa. 1884 mein, ack naee ghadee sthaapit kii gaee aur purani ghadee koo kinare parr chhod diyaa gayaa.
"sabse purani kaam karane vaali ghadee" kaa daavaa.
duniya kii sabse purani kaam karane vaali ghadee honey kaa daavaa karane vaali anya ghadiyaan france mein beauvis key cathedral mein hain (1305 seey kahaa jaataa haye, aur poori tarah seey sanrakshit, isake puratan frame mein), itali mein chiogzia kaa ghadee tower, aur honduras mein komayagua cathedral kii ghadee. (kahaa jaataa haye kii 12veen shatabdi key dauran moors dwara spen mein banaaya gayaa thaa, halanki isake record khou gaye hain). proof utkeern tithi (1463) key saath duniya kii sabse purani ghadee germany key forchtenberg mein haye.
ghadee 14veen seey 16veen shatabdi kii ghadiyon key ack samooh mein seey ack haye joe ingland key paschim mein kuon, exeter, casal combay, ottery sent mairi aur wimborne minster mein paaee jaati haye. iss ghadee koo lagbhag 1386 taka leey jaane kaa prayaas tii dwara kiya gayaa thaa.aar. robbinson. unaki anumaanit tithi kaa samarthan anya logon ney kiya haye.
14veen shatabdi mein europe mein yaantrik ghadiyaan panapane lageen. usa shatabdi kii anya ghadiyaan, jaise kii ruen (gross horlose), peris (heinrich wonn wick ghadee) yaa disen (1382 mein courterai seey phillip dwara bolled kii gaee ghadee), yaa tou khou gaee hain, nasht hoe gaee hain, yaa kaafee hudd taka sanshodhit kii gaee hain. kuein key cathedral ghadee koo shayed usee kaarigaron dwara banaaya gayaa thaa joe salisbury ghadee key roop mein they, lekin aamtaur parr 1392 key aspas kaa haye, aur abb landan mein vigyaan sangrahalaya mein haye, jahan yeh kaam karna jaari rakhta haye.
kuchh sandeh hain kii salisbury cathedral mein pradarshit ghadee vaastav mein 1386 mein ullikhit ghadee haye, kyonki nirmaan kaafee unnat haye aur 14 veen shatabdi mein banaai gaee ghadiyon kii tulanaa mein 16 veen aur 17 veen shatabdi mein banaai gaee ghadiyon seey adhik tulaniya haye. yeh sawal kii kyaa yeh 1386 kii ghadee haye, kaafee mahatvapurna haye kyonki kuein kii cathedral ghadee pahale 16veen shatabdi mein thee, lekin phir 1928 mein salisbury ghadee kii khoj key baad 1392 kii thee. purani burj ghadiyon key liye detting galatiyan asamanya naheen hain. dover mahal ghadee shuru mein 14veen shatabdi mein dinaankit thee, jise baad mein 1600 key aspas sanshodhit kiya gayaa thaa.
1993 mein, christopher maike ney yeh nirdhaarit karane key liye kii kyaa ghadee 1386 kii hoe sakati haye, puratan horological society key saath ack sangoshthi kaa ayojan kiya. adhikansh pratibhagiyon ney ise mool honey key liye matdan kiya, lekin lagbhag ack tihai pratibhagiyon ney ghadee koo bahut baad kii tarikh key liye matdan kiya.
punrutthan.
ghadee kii khoj 1928 mein meenar mein tii dwara kii gaee thee.aar. robbinson, ack bhayaanak utsaahi joe naee ghadee (1884 mein sthaapit) dekhane key liye ghadee key meenar parr gayaa thaa. purani ghadee kii upasthiti key baare mein kaee logon koo pataa thaa, lekin kissy ney bhee ise jyada mahatva naheen diyaa. yeh kewal tii thaa.aar. robbinson, jinka maanana thaa kii yeh 1386 mein ullikhit ghadee thee. 1928 mein lii gaee tasveeron seey, yeh kaafee poorna lugg rhaa thaa. antatah isake aitihaasik mahatva koo mahsoos kiya gayaa. ise pahali baar cathedral key uttari bhaag mein pradarshit kiya gayaa thaa. phir, 1956 mein, ghadee koo apani anumaanit mool sthiti kii or bahaal kiya gayaa aur phir seey kaam karna shuru curr diyaa gayaa. pendulam aur recoil escapement koo ack nae kinare aur parna palayan dwara pratisthaapit kiya gayaa thaa, iss prakaar ghadee koo apane mool design kii tarah kuchh bahaal kiya gayaa thaa.
aaj, palayan kaary kartaa haye, lekin hadataali tantra koo aam taur parr ack clamp dwara chalaane seey rokaa jaataa haye, jise pradarshan uddeshyon key liye hataaya jaa sakata haye.
1956 kii bahaali.
messers. johnn smith aur derby key beton koo farwari 1956 mein ghadee millie. ise parivahan key liye alag curr diyaa gayaa thaa. unhone apani karyashala mein ghadee koo phir seey ikattha kiya aur ise bahaal karane kaa nirnay lene seey pahale vigyaan sangrahalaya mein maujooda ghadiyon seey isaki tulanaa kii.
dou pahiyon key teeron kii aiks-ray tasveeren lene key liye roll-royce kii madad lii gaee thee. isase pushti hui kii chalati train key dou teeron koo lamba curr diyaa gayaa thaa jaba ghadee koo pendulam operation mein badal diyaa gayaa thaa. baad kii jaanch seey pataa chalaa kii ghadee koo vaastav mein dou baar parivartit kiya gayaa thaa, kyonki pahale key pendulam escapement key avasheshon kii khoj kii gaee thee.
ghadee abb cathedral key uttari naabhi galiyare mein pradarshit kii jaati haye, joe paschim key saamane key karib haye.
takniki vivaran.
frame.
frame kii oonchaai 1.24m, chaudaai 1.29m, aur gaharaai 1.06m haye.
train mein jaa rhaa haye.
badaa pahiya seey bachane kaa chakrah 100 seey 10, kinare seey bachane kaa chakr 45 daant.
mahaan chakr 3600 sekand (1 ghante) mein ack baar mudataa haye, isaliye kinare seey bachane vaalaa chakr 360 sekand mein ack baar mudataa haye. iss prakaar ack poorna parna swing mein 8 sekand yaa 4 sekand prati aadhaa swing lagata haye.
chalati train kii taraf seey dekhaa gayaa, ghumaavdaar bairal key saath badaa pahiya ghadee kii vipareet disha mein muda jaataa haye, aur palayan chakr ghadee kii disha mein muda jaataa haye.
hadataali train.
udane key liye mahaan chakrah 64 daant 8 pinn vaale pakshi koo chalaate hain; doosara (hoop) pahiya 64 daant ack 8 patti vaale pinion koo udaate hain. isaliye mahaan chakr kaa pratyek modd udaan koo 64 baar modata haye, yaa ghadee key prati prahaar udaan key 8 modd (kyonki mahaan chakr mein 8 hadataali pinn hotey hain).
ginati key liye mahaan chakrah ginati key chakr parr aantarik 78 daanton key liye 8 tooth pinion, mahaan chakr parr 8 hadataali pinn key saath. yeh seedhe 12 ghanton mein ghadee dwara kiye jaane vaale 78 praharon (1 + 2 + 3 + 4 + 5 + 6 + 7 + 8 + 9 + 10 + 11 + 12 = 78) key anuroop haye. ginati chakr harr 12 ghante mein ack baar mudataa haye, isaliye mahaan chakr 9.75 baar mudataa haye, iss prakaar strike leaver koo sanchaalit kartaa haye 9.75 × 8 = 78 baar.
hadataali train kii taraf seey dekhaa gayaa, ghumaavdaar bairal key saath badaa pahiya ghadee kii disha mein mudataa haye, hoop wheel ghadee kii vipareet disha mein, ginati kaa pahiya ghadee kii disha mein, aur ghadee kii disha mein udataa haye.
ginati chakr mein kewal 11 nokein prateet hoti hain, lekin ghadee pratyek poorna modd parr 12 baar bajati haye. aisaa isaliye haye kyonki pahali hadtaal (jaba ghadee ack parr prahaar karati haye) nishpaadit kii jaati haye jabaki leaver abhee bhee pahale, vyaapak, nishan key bheetar hotaa haye. taalaa lagaane vaale tukade koo hoop wheel key hoop seey baahar nikala jaataa haye, joe phir ack baar muda jaataa haye, jisase badaa pahiya 1/8 mudataa haye aur ack baar takaraata haye. phir taalaa lagaane kaa tukada vaapas hoop wheel mein gir jaataa haye. makkhi taba taka ghoomati rahegi jaba taka kii yeh apane aap dheere-dheere bund naheen hoe jaati kyonki isamen ack chuha tantra hotaa haye, joe makkhi key bandar parr pakshi pinjare kii raksha kartaa haye.

