
2003 baam bhookamp

26 disambar, 2003 koo dakshinpurvi iran key german praant mein ack bhookamp aaya, jiska teevrata 6.6 thaa aur adhikatam teevrata ix ("hinsak") thee. bhookamp vishesh roop seey bumm mein vinashkari thaa, jisamen cumm seey cumm 34,000 logon kii maut hui aur 200,000 taka ghayal hoe gaye. bhookamp key prabhaav maanak nirmaan madhyam key roop mein mitty kii eent key upayog seey badh gaye they; kshetra kii kaee sanrachanaon ney 1989 mein nirdhaarit bhookamp niyamon kaa paalan naheen kiya thaa.
bhookamp key baad yuu.aiss. iran koo pratyaksh maanviya sahaayata kii peshkash kii aur badale mein raajya ney antarrashtriya paramanu oorjaa agency key saath ack samjhaute kaa paalan karane kaa vaadaa kiya joe apane paramanu hiton kii adhik nigrani kaa samarthan kartaa haye. kull milakar 44 deshon ney raahat karyon mein sahaayata key liye karmiyon koo bheja aur 60 deshon ney sahaayata kii peshkash kii.
bhookamp key baad, irani sarkaar ney vahaan bhookamp key darr seey tehran kii rajdhani koo sthanantarit karane parr gambhirta seey vichaar kiya. bhookamp kaa kaee peediton parr baad key varshon taka manovaigyaanik prabhaav padaa. shahari niyojan kii samasyaon koo sambodhit karane aur sakht bhookampiya niyamon key anupaalan mein baam shahar key punarnirmaan key liye iran mein ack nayaa sansthaagat dhancha sthaapit kiya gayaa thaa. iss prakriya ney ack mahatvapurna modd diyaa, kyonki sarkari mantriyon aur antarrashtriya sangathanon ney shahar key vyavasthit punarnirmaan koo vyavasthit karane key liye sthaaniya engineeron aur sthaaniya logon key saath iss dhaanche key tahat sahyog kiya.
prishthabhoomi.
baam kaa shahar.
bhookamp seey pahale, baam kii aabaadi lagbhag 97,000 thee. yeh iran key sabse lokpriya paryatan kshetron mein seey ack haye, isake sabse lokpriya akarshanon mein seey ack iska 2000 saal purana mitty-eent kaa baam gadh haye. safavid rajvansh (1501-1736) key dauran baam resham maarg parr sthit honey key kaaran ack badaa vyaparik kendra thaa. 1722 mein afagaanon key aakraman key baad iska mahatva dheere-dheere cumm hoe gayaa, 1932 mein isake parityag taka ack sainya shivir key roop mein seva karate hue. 1953 mein jaba baam key puraane quarter kii bahaali shuru hui tou shahar ack paryatak aakarshan bunn gayaa.
irani bhookamp shiksha.
iran mein bhookamp kii shiksha bahut cumm haye, halanki bhookamp engineering aur bhookamp vigyaan key antarrashtriya sansthaan ney 1990 mein "samaaj key sabhi samoohon key beach bhookamp key khilaf suraksha, roktham aur taiyari sanskriti" mein sudhaar key liye ack saarvajanik shiksha vibhaag kii sthaapana kii. octuber 2003 mein, tehran vishvavidyalaya mein bhubhautiki key professor behram akasheh ney bhookampon key baare mein saarvajanik agyaantaa key prabhaavon koo "jaharila" kahaa.
vivartanik.
iran mein aksar bhookamp aatey hain, lagbhag rojana mamuli bhookamp aatey hain. yeh bhookamp lagbhag prati varsh ack vivartanik plate, arabi plate, dusare, eurasian plate key khilaf uttar kii or badhane seey utpann tanaav key parinamswarup huaa. iran kii chaudaai mein faile aur uttar mein turkmenistan taka faile ack vyaapak kshetra mein plate kii gati key jawab mein prithvi kii parat vikrit hoe jaati haye. bhookamp viroopan key kshetra mein riverse fault aur strike-slip fault key parinamswarup hotey hain.
26 disambar, 2003 key bhookamp seey nikalane vaali bhookampiya-laharon key pattern kaa praarambhik vishleshan uttar-dakshin unmukh fault parr daahine-parshviya strike-slip gati key kaaran bhookamp key anuroop thaa. bhookamp ack aise kshetra mein aaya jisake bheetar pramukh uttar-dakshin, daaen-paarshv, strike-slip fault koo pahale mapp kiya gayaa thaa, aur uparikendra pahale mapp kiye gaye, uttar-dakshin unmukh baam fault key paas haye. haalaanki, yeh pataa lagaane key liye kii bhookamp baam fault parr aaya yaa kissy anya parr aaya, kshetra kii jaanch aavashyak hogi. baam bhookamp 11 juuna, 1981 (parimaan 6.6, lagbhag 3,000 mautein) aur 28 julaai, 1981 (parimaan 7.3, lagbhag 1,500 mautein) key vinashkari bhookampon key dakshin mein haye. yeye bhookamp uttar-dakshin unmukh gock fault parr riverse-motion aur strike-slip motion key sanyojan key kaaran hue they.
bhookamp key tootane kii lambai lagbhag 24 kilometres honey kaa anuman thaa. bhookamp kaa aadhaa seey adhik hissa lagbhag isake dakshini bhaag seey utpann huaa thaa, jahan purchy adhikatam 6 aim. pee. aeye. taka pahunch gaee thee jisake parinamswarup cumm seey cumm 6 aim. pee. aeye. kii badee tanaav girawat aaee thee. optical remot sensing detta seey pataa chalata haye kii baam fault ack ekal fault naheen haye, balki isamen 4-5 kimmy chaudi fault system hoti haye, jisamen mukhya shakha baam aur barawat shaharon key beach chalati haye. aisaa maanaa jaataa haye kii baam bhookamp seey tootane vaalaa fault iss fault system kii uttar-paschim shakha key saath baam seey dakshin kii or faila huaa haye. inn parinamon key aadhar parr, vaigyaanikon kaa sujhaav haye kii bumm bhookamp ney ack chhipi hui galati koo toda diyaa aur iss prakriya mein ack asamanya roop seey majboot prabhaav shamil thaa, jisase bhookamp kii vyaapak tabahi hui.
kshati aur hataahat.
bhookamp 26 disambar, 2003 koo 01:56 UTC (iran maanak samay subah 5:26 baje) parr aaya thaa. iska kendra lagbhag pracheen shahar baam key dakshin-paschim mein thaa. adhikatam teevrata baam aur barawat mein thee, jisamen sabse adhik nuksan shahar key aspas key dayare mein kendrit thaa.
cumm seey cumm 26,271 loga maare gaye aur 30,000 ghayal hoe gaye. maanav haani key sandarbh mein bhookamp irani itihas mein sabse buraa thaa. bee. bee. see. ney bataaya kii badee sankhya mein peediton koo sote samay kuchal diyaa gayaa thaa. gyaarah hazaar chhaatr maare gaye aur 5,400 sthaaniya shikshan karmchaariyon mein seey ack-tihai bhee maare gaye. isase sthaaniya shiksha pranali key liye ack mahatvapurna samasya paida hui.
baam kshetra mein nabbe pratishat taka imaaraten aur buniyaadi dhaanche yaa tou kshatigrast hoe gaye they yaa nasht hoe gaye they, jisamen 70 pratishat ghar poori tarah seey nasht hoe gaye they, saath hii baam key aavaasiya kshetron kaa 70-90%. isase anumaanit 100,000 loga beghar hoe gaye. barawat mein ack bhee ghar khadaa naheen thaa. 16veen aur 17veen shatabdi key dauran ack mahatvapurna kshetriya kendra, baam mein kaee imaaraten theen jinka nirmaan iss tarah key tootane seey bachane key liye naheen kiya gayaa thaa. baam mein kaee ghar ghar mein baney they, aur isake maalikon ney nirmaan mein bhookamp kaa virodh karane key liye kushal shram yaa uchit nirmaan samagri kaa upayog naheen kiya. inhen aksar paaramparik mitty-eent shally mein banaaya jaataa thaa. central ingland vishvavidyalaya mein vastukala key professor mohsen aboutoraby ney dou eenton koo ack saath bumm mein markar achchi nirmaan samagri kii kamee kaa pradarshan kiya, jisake parinamswarup daraaren parh gaeen. doosari or, 1989 key irani bhookampiya sanhita mein nirdhaarit irani niyamon koo oonchi imaraton aur gaganchumbi imaraton mein behtar tareeke seey lagu kiya gayaa thaa.
badee sankhya mein hatahaton kaa ack kaaran yeh thaa kii jaba deevaaren girane lageen, tou bhaari chhatein dhaha jaayengi, jisase unamen kuchh havaa key hisse reh jaayenge. dhool aur oxygen kii kamee ney jeevit bache logon key dumm ghutane mein yogdan diyaa. irani sarkaar ney bhawan niyamon kaa ullanghan karane vaale kissy bhee vyakti parr mukadama chalaane kaa vaadaa kiya, yahaan taka kii iss mudde seey nipatane key liye ack vishesh ikai kii sthaapana bhee kii.
210 peediton key ack adhyayan seey pataa chalaa kii ausatan, pratyek vyakti ney nasht imaraton key neeche 1.9 ghante bitaaye they. peediton mein, lagbhag 19 koo compartment syndrome thaa, 32 koo gurde kii kriya mein kamee aaee thee, aur unaki haddiyon mein fracture aam they. inn asthibhang key parinamswarup tantrika chotein bhee aam theen.
bumm gadh koo bhookamp seey pahale sabse achche jeevit mitty key gadhon mein seey ack maanaa jaataa thaa. iska adhikansh hissa nasht hoe gayaa thaa, jisamen ack badaa vargakar meenar bhee shamil thaa.
bhookamp seey bijli aur paani kii aapoorti mein katauti hoe gaee. mukhya sadame key baad cumm seey cumm 29 gambhir aftershock aae.
bhookamp seey badee sankhya mein school prabhaavit hue. anumaanit 1,200 shikshak aur 10,000 chhaatr maare gaye they. baam mein shiksha key pramukh allie zhang-abadi ney chhatron aur shikshakon kii sthiti koo "manovaigyaanik madad kii buri tarah seey aavashyakta [aaee. jee.] key roop mein varnit kiya kyonki way naitik roop seey tabah hoe gaye hain. 5 janwari key aspas, shikshakon koo phir seey shiksha shuru karane key liye panjikrit kiya jaa rhaa thaa.
pratikriya.
iran-sanyukt raajya sambandh.
bhookamp key kaaran sanyukt raajya america aur iran key beach sambandh bigad gaye. yuu.aiss.-george doubleu key shuruati varshon key dauran irani sambandh tanaavpurna rahey they. jhaadi. rashtrapati pada, rashtrapati george doubleu dwara diye gaye "burai key aksh" bhaashan key baad nichale star parr pahunch gayaa. jhaadi. haalaanki, bhookamp key baad, white house key pravakta scott mcclellan ney rashtrapati busch kii or seey kahaah "hamaare vichaar aur praarthanaaen una logon key saath hain joe ghayal hue they aur joe maare gaye they unake parivaaron key saath hain."
yuu.aiss. iran koo pratyaksh maanviya sahaayata kii peshkash kii jise shuru mein aswikar curr diyaa gayaa thaa lekin baad mein sweekaar curr liya gayaa. 30 disambar koo 81 sadasyiya aapaatkaaleen pratikriya dall koo yuu key madhyam seey iran mein tainaat kiya gayaa thaa.aiss. sainya vimaan jisamen khoj aur bachaav daste, sahaayata samanvayak aur chikitsa sahaayata shamil thee, jisake parinamswarup pahala yuu.aiss. 20 seey adhik varshon key liye iran mein utarane key liye sainya havaai jahaaj. bachaav prayaas mein madad karane key liye pratibandhon koo asthaayi roop seey hataa diyaa gayaa thaa.
badale mein, iran ney antarrashtriya paramanu oorjaa agency key saath ack samjhaute kaa paalan karane kaa vaadaa kiya, jisane apane paramanu hiton kii behtar nigrani kaa samarthan kiya. yeh yuu kaa netritva kiya.aiss. raajya sachiv collin powell bhavishya mein iran key saath seedhi baatchit kaa sujhaav denge, halanki, unhone yeh bhee kahaa kii yuu.aiss. vaha abhee bhee anya irani muddon jaise aatankvaad kii sambhavana aur desh key haama key samarthan key baare mein chintit thaa.
yuu seey madad aur bachaav key liye pratikriya.aiss. mishrit thaa. ghatnasthal parr chikitsakon aur nagrikon dwara iska achchha swaagat kiya gayaa, halanki, iss samarthan key vipareet, iran mein raajya-niyantrit radio irna ney sanyukt raajya parr aantarik mamalon mein avaidh hastakshep kaa aarop lagaaya. khatami, jabaki aapaki aalochana naheen curr rhaa haye.aiss. sahaayata ney iss ghatana key rajneetikaran key baare mein khed vyakt kiya thaa. grih mantri abdolved mausavi laari ney yuu koo sweekaar curr liya.aiss. sahaayata lekin donon deshon key beach raajneetik tanaav aur iran kii israel raajya kii maanyata kii kamee key kaaran israel kii sahaayata koo aswikar curr diyaa.
raahat.
baam koo yuu dwara "shaabdik roop seey ack malabe key dher" key roop mein varnit kiya gayaa thaa.aiss. raahat samanvayak, bill garvelink. iran key rashtrapati mohammad khatami ney bhookamp koo ack "rashtriya trasdi" kahaa aur sabhi iraniyon seey isake peediton kii madad karane kaa aagrah kiya. aapada ney sahaayata key twarit sankalpon koo laaya, jisake parinamswarup rashtrapati khatami kaa bayaan kii "manavata aur dayaa kii bhavna jeevit haye."sarvocch netaa ayatollah allie khameni ney 29 disambar koo kshatigrast kshetron kaa daura kiya, sabhi irani aur antarrashtriya sangathanon seey kissy bhee tarah seey madad karane kaa aagrah kiya.
8 janwari koo, redd cross aur yuu kaa antarrashtriya mahasangh.aine. baam mein ack sammelan mein raahat key liye ack antarrashtriya appeal shuru kii, jisamen kramshah $42 million aur $31.3 million kii appeal kii gaee. isake jawab mein 44 deshon ney operation mein sahaayata key liye karmiyon koo bheja aur 60 deshon ney bhookamp key baad sahaayata kii peshkash kii. 15 janwari taka, yuu.aine. vishva khaadya karyakram (doubleu. aff. pee.) ney lagbhag 100,000 raashan vitarit kiye they. sanyukt rashtra ney raahat prayason kaa samanvaya karane key liye visheshagyon koo bheja. laal ardhchandra ney bache hue logon key liye tambu lagaae.
chean kaa janvaadi ganarajya sahaayata kii aapoorti karane vaale pahale deshon mein seey ack thaa. bhookamp kii khabar sunkar, isane turant 43 sadasyiya bachaav daste koo bheja. kull milakar, isaki sarkaar ney 15 million yuan (18.1 karod americi dollar) daan kiye. kaee vyaktiyon aur companiyon ney bhee dhana aur/yaa aapoorti kaa daan kiya.
81 sadasyiya aapaatkaaleen pratikriya dall ney 11 sadasyiya fairfax county yusar task force (va-tf1), 57 sadasya antarrashtriya chikitsa/shalya chikitsa pratikriya dall (imsurt) aur sanghiya aapaatkaaleen prabandhan agency (feema) seey 6-sadasya prabandhan sahaayata dall (mst) key saath kaam kiya. yuu. aiss. aeye. dee. aur oh. aff. dee. aeye. ney raahat key liye aapoorti key paanch airlift bheje, jinamen 1,146 tambu, 4,448 rasoi sett, lagbhag 12,500 kambal aur 430 plastic sheet key roll shamil hain, jinaki laagat 543,605 dollar haye.aiss. raksha vibhaag (dod) ney lagbhag 68 tunn chikitsa aapoorti aur 2,000 kambal key saath saat see-130 bheje joe raahat mein sahaayata karate hain.
31 disambar seey 4 janwari taka, imsert feeled aspatal ney 727 rogiyon kaa ilaaj kiya, jisamen shalya chikitsa aur aghaat key baad key mamle shamil they. imsert aspatal 5 janwari koo bund hoe gayaa, aur taba seey redd cross (aaee. aff. aar. see.) feeled aspatal key antarrashtriya mahasangh ney 13 janwari koo prati dinn 550 baahya rogiyon kii soochana dete hue jimmedaari lii. usa dinn, aaee. aff. aar. see. ney ghoshana kii kii irani redd chrysant society (aaee. aar. see. aiss.) ney 75 swayamsevakon koo bheja thaa, joe bhookamp seey bache logon key aghaat key ilaaj aur manovaigyaanik sahaayata pradaan karane key liye 11 teams mein aayojit kiye gaye they.
bhookamp key baad kii raaton key dauran, tapman "kadvi thhand" kii charam seema taka gir jaayega, jisase kuchh jeevit bache loga prabhaavi roop seey maare jaayenge. inmein seey kaee loga malabe key beach binaa germ kiye gaye tambu mein reh rahey they, jisase samanvayakon koo hajaaron parivaaron koo baam key baahari ilaakon mein germ shiviron mein sthanantarit karane key liye majboor honah padaa. durbhagya seey, iss kaarravaai koo kuchh pratirodh kaa saamana karna padaa aur isake parinamswarup kaee nivaasiyon koo apane sthaan parr rehna padaa. isake vipareet, irani sarkaar kii tent kii paryaapt aapoorti naheen karane key liye aalochana kii gaee thee. jinn logon key paas motor chaalit vaahan they, unhein baam key madhyam seey jaane vaale donon raaston parr jaam kaa saamana karna padaa. raahat samagri, swayamsevak aur rishtedaar pahunch rahey they, jabaki jeevit bache logon ney apana saman kaheen aur leey jaane key liye bhar diyaa. kuchh kshetron mein, luteron ney godamon aur sthaaniya baajaron seey bhojan churaa liya, jisase pulis bull bachaav prayason koo aur asthir karane seey rokane key liye pratikriya vyakt curr rhaa thaa.
29 disambar koo, nassin naam kii ack bachchi koo usaki mrit maan kii baahon mein malabe key neeche jeevit paaya gayaa thaa. "chean delly" ney ise "varshon seey iran key sabse bheeshan bhookamp kii tabahi key beach khushi kaa ack durlabh kshan kahaa."iss samay key aspas, raahat abhiyaan jeevit bache logon koo khojane seey unaki dekhbhal karane kii or badhane lagey they. bachaav karmchaariyon ney apane prayason koo dheema karna shuru curr diyaa, halanki kuchh hii samay baad teen vyaktiyon koo jeevit paaya gayaa. taba taka shahar key adhikansh hisson mein paani aur bijli bahaal curr dee gaee thee.
sabse ullekhaniya bachaav mein seey ack 97 varsheeya sharbanau majandarani (farsi mein shaharbanu majandarani) kaa thaa, joe aathh dinon taka apane ghar mein fansi rahee, jaba taka kii usey 3 janwari koo bachaaya naheen gayaa. bachaav kaaryakartaon ney sniffer kutton dwara usey paae jaane key baad usey baahar nikaalane mein teen ghante kaa samay liya. 8 janwari koo jaba ack vyakti koo malabe seey jeevit baahar nikala gayaa tou media mein nae sire seey dilchaspi aaee. isake baad adhik jeevit jeevit bache logon koo khojane kii sambhavana kathit taur parr bahut cumm thee.
irani nausena kaa ack helicopter 28 disambar koo tambu aur kambal kii delivery key baad baam key dakshin-paschim mein durghatanagrast hoe gayaa. yeh agyaat karanon seey neeche girate hue bandar abbas kii or badh rhaa thaa. deck parr dou pilot aur ack teesara vyakti thaa, jinamen seey koee bhee jeevit naheen bachaa thaa. helicopter una 500 seey adhik logon mein seey ack thaa jinhone baam kshetra koo sahaayata pradaan kii.
isake baad.
bhookamp key baad, irani sarkaar ney raajya kii rajdhani koo tehran seey dusare sthaan parr sthanantarit karane parr vichaar kiya kyonki ack apang ghatana key darr seey joe abhee-abhee bumm parr hui thee. tehran ack badee galati parr sthit haye jisaki vaigyaanikon ney bhavishyavani kii haye kii nikat bhavishya mein baam key samaan vinashkari bhookamp seey peedit hoe sakata haye. naee rajdhani key liye sabse uddhrit udaaharan madhya iran kaa ack shahar isfahan thaa, joe pahale 1788 mein tehran mein sthanantarit honey taka rajdhani key roop mein kaary kartaa thaa.
varsh 2003 koo baad mein 1990 key baad seey vishva star parr sabse ghaatak bhookamp varsh ghoshit kiya gayaa thaa, mukhya roop seey baam bhookamp key kaaran, jisane usa varsh key liye prithvi key bhookamp kii mauton mein lagbhag 75 pratishat kaa yogdan diyaa thaa.
punarnirmaan.
yojana banaana.
janwari 2004 mein, sanyukt rashtron ney anuman lagaaya kii baam key punarnirmaan parr 70 karod dollar aur 1 arab dollar key beach kii laagat aaegi. isane antarrashtriya samudaay seey iss prayaas key liye dhana pradaan karane kaa ahwan kiya. irani sarkaar ney raajya television parr ghoshana kii thee kii usane iss punarnirmaan key liye lagbhag 41 karod dollar kaa praavdhaan kiya haye.
mitty kii eenton kii imaraton kii viphalata aur 1989 key irani bhookampiya sanhita key anupaalan kii kamee koo dekhate hue, baam mein punarnirmaan ney bhookamp-tikaau samagri kaa upayog karane parr vishesh dhyaan diyaa. dow. baam punarnirmaan prayaas key prabhaari hamid escander ney kahaa, "baam mein mitty kii eenten naheen hongi. nae design koo uchit bhookampiya design takneekon aur maapdandon koo dhyaan mein rakhna hoga. jaba aap purani shally kii imaraton aur purani shally kii engineering key saath jaate hain tou aap pareshani kii talash mein hotey hain isaliye humm abb ise badalane jaa rahey hain."ack german gair-sarkari sangathan, aeye. aiss. bee. key sthaayi aashray muddon key liye ack pratinidhi, horst indorf ney bhookamp key dauran shahar mein lohe kii sanrachanaon key upayog parr narajgi jataate hue kahaa," "iss kshetra key liye sabse achchi vastukala mitty kii eent (jaal key saath) haye, lekin iska matlab haye kii 80 seey 90 semi motee deevaaren aur ack bahut achchi insulated chhat.
iran kii sarkaar ney baam (goo) kii vasuli key liye maargdarshak karyalaya kii sthaapana kii, jisamen 11 sadasyon kaa ack panel thaa, jisake adhyaksh key roop mein awas aur shahari vikas mantri they. jee.oh. bhavishya mein bhookamp pratirodh koo badhaane key liye shahari punarvinyas mein sambhaavit ranneetiyon kii yojana banaane, vishleshan karane aur sameeksha karane key liye paramarsh vastukaron koo niyukt karke punarnirmaan kii pragati mein ack mahatvapurna bhoomika nibhai. bhookamp seey prabhaavit samanya samudaay koo yojana, design aur nirmaan prakriya mein sakriya roop seey bhaag lene kii swatantrata dee gaee thee, jisamen ghar key loga aksar apane swayam key design kaa chayan karke aur ack vaanchhaniya aur prabhaavi punarvikas sunishchit karane key liye vastukaron aur thekedaaron key saath sahyog karke punarnirmaan mein yogdan karate hain.
vastukala aur shahari vikas parishad (see. aeye. dee.) kii bhee sthaapana kii gaee thee, jisamen aich. aff. sadasya, vastukar, engineer aur vyavasaayi sahit aathh pramukh peshevaron kii ack parishad thee. nae dhaanche dishaanirdeshon kaa paalan karate hue aur nae nirmit sanrachanaon key liye baink rinn aur rinn koo viniyamit karke, yeh sunishchit karke kii nae dhaanche dishaanirdeshon kaa paalan karate hain, kaud ney punarnirmaan key shasson aur vitt mein ack bhoomika nibhai. parishad ney baam satat punarnirmaan ghoshanapatra kaa udghaatan kiya, punarnirmaan mein visheshagyon kii ack aur samiti yeh sunishchit karane key liye kii yojana aur bhawan bhookampiya sanhita key saath samanvaya mein aayojit kiya gayaa thaa, lekin inn prayason key dauran baam kii shahari pehchaan kii bhavna koo banaae rakhane key liye bhee.
sanyukt rashtra maanav basti karyakram, gair-nivaas, ney 1 march, 2004 koo baam mein bhookamp-pratirodhi sanrachanaon key mudde koo sambodhit karane key liye ack pariyojana shuru kii. yuu. aine. ney punarnirmaan prakriya koo nazarandaj karane key liye sarkari parishadon aur samudaay key saath milkar kaam kiya, jisamen islami krantikari awas foundation bhee shamil thaa. yuu. aine. awas pariyojana chhah maheene taka chalane vaali thee aur isaki laagat 400,000 dollar honey kaa anuman thaa.
punarvikas kii samasyaaen.
jabaki sthaapit parishadon aur sahyogaatmak yojana key prayason koo punarnirmaan charan key dauran sthaapit kiya gayaa thaa, imarat mein kaee hitdhaarakon key liye vividh aur aksar paraspar virodhi hiton koo dekhate hue vastukala nirnay lene parr aam sahamati praapt karna kaafee adhik kathin rhaa haye. vaastav mein vaastavik sahyog shuru mein poorv anuman seey adhik seemit thaa, aur vaastavik punarnirmaan key sambandh mein antarrashtriya samarthan aur bhagidari cumm thee. isake alawa, punarnirmaan yojana koo lagu karane mein kaafee dheemi gati seey kaam kiya gayaa haye. yojana company koo shahar kii naee samagr shahari yojana taiyar karane mein kaafee samay lagaa, aur aapada key dou saal baad bhee ise apanaaya naheen gayaa aur isamen shamil parishadon dwara karyanvayan key liye adhikrit naheen kiya gayaa. yeh kaafee hudd taka unake aur thekedaaron key beach hiton key takraav aur sthaaniya star parr logon kii alag-alag vaastushilp maangon key kaaran thaa. natijatan, samagr shahari ranneetik master plan koo sweekaar kiye binaa vaastavik punarnirmaan shuru kiya gayaa thaa, jisake parinamswarup kaee mool prastaavon aur sahyog key liye gunjaish koo tyag diyaa gayaa thaa. vishesh roop seey shahar key punarnirmaan yojnakaron koo sadakon kii yojana banaane aur unaki chaudaai key sambandh mein gambhir kathinaaiyaan aaee hain, jisase way buniyaadi dhaanche key punarvikas prakriya koo suvidhajanak banaane aur aakar dene mein madad karane key liye 1200 seey adhik sampattiyon kii khareed karate hain. punarvikreta jinn karakon koo dhyaan mein rakhane mein whiffle rahey, unamen seey ack samajik kaarak jaise kii bhedyata thee, jisake parinamswarup punarnirmaan kii prakriya dheemi hoe gaee.
punarvikas kii safalataaen aur laabh.
halanki punarnirmaan prakriya lambi thee aur yojana banaana aksar samanvaya aur anumodan karna mushkil thaa, lekin iss prakriya mein hitdhaarakon dwara bumm key bhookamp key baad key punarnirmaan koo bhavishya mein mahatvapurna mahatva aur prabhaav kaa maanaa jaataa haye taaki desh mein punarnirmaan karyakram kaise sanchaalit houn. baam key punarnirmaan key dauran, engineeron ney bhawan key manakon koo kaafee badhaa diyaa aur 1989 key bhookampiya bhawan sanhita key daayitvon kaa bariki seey paalan kiya gayaa.
aarthik roop seey, bhookamp key baad baam key punarvikas ney shahar koo vikas key liye kaafee avsar pradaan kiye, aur saanskritik roop seey, bhookamp seey hue vyaapak nuksan key bavjood, inn paramparaon mein kaee nirantarta aur pragati bhee dekhi haye. vishesh roop seey shahar key nae sire seey design aur punarnirmaan ney sinchai pranali aur isaki gunavatta mein bahut sudhaar kiya, joe baam mein khajur udyog key liye mahatvapurna haye. punarnirmaan prakriya key dauran, sinchai pranali key sudhaar ney apani mool sthiti seey parey utpaadan kii gunavatta aur matra mein vriddhi kii, aur prakriya kii teji ney bhookamp key baad tarikh utpaadan key patan koo roque diyaa. baam mein bhookamp key baad seey khajur udyog mein vriddhi hui haye aur taad key bageechon kaa vistaar huaa haye aur nivesh aur rojgar mein vriddhi hui haye.
chikitsa prabhaav.
manovaigyaanik roop seey, bhookamp kaa peediton parr gahara prabhaav padaa aur naa kii kewal tatkaal parinam mein. bhookamp key parinamswarup, baam mein dou aspatal dhaha gaye aur shesh aspatalon mein bheed bhar gaee. ghayalon kii dekhbhal key liye aapaatkaaleen kendra sthaapit kiye gaye they, halanki kaee kendron mein aisaa karane key liye paryaapt jagah naheen thee. baam key sabhi swaasthya kaaryakartaon mein seey aadhe tootane seey maare gaye they. vishva swaasthya sangathan (jisane) ney chikitsa raahat mein $4 million kii appeal kii. iss operation mein prathmiktaon mein seey ack mansik swaasthya rogiyon kii madad karna thaa, jinamen seey kaee anubhav key kaaran aghatgrast they. yuu dwara jaari ack sthiti report.aine. aapada mulyankan samanvaya dall ney aghaat key baad key tanaav vikaar aur avasaad mein vriddhi kaa ullekh kiya.
chikitsa samudaay parr tootane kaa ack aur prabhaav maadak padarthon kii taskari mein vyavadhaan thaa. baam mein bhookamp seey pahale, 15 varsh seey adhik kii lagbhag 20 pratishat aabaadi nashe kii aadee thee. isake baad nashili davaaon key nashedi koo afeem key saath searinge kii aapoorti kii gaee.
irani redd chrysant society (aaee. aar. see. aiss.), jisane isake baad chhah maheene kaa ack niyojit swaasthya laabh karyakram shuru kiya thaa, ack saal baad bhee baam mein maujood they. sitambar 2004 mein, aapada seey judey mansik vikaaron kaa upchaar abhee bhee uchch star parr thaa, jisamen baam mein ack paramarsh kendra mein usa maheene 129 nae post traumatic strace disorder rogi praapt hue. disambar 2004 mein, iran mein redd cross aur redd chrysant societies key antarrashtriya mahasangh key pratinidhimandal key pramukh mohammad mukhiyar ney sthiti key baare mein kahaa, "baarah maheene baad, tabahi key sanket abhee bhee spasht hain, naa kewal dhahi hui imaraton mein balki logon key dimag mein bhee. achaanak shuru honey vaali aapada kii shuruat seey hii raahat prayaas mein manovaigyaanik samarthan koo ekikrit karna ack aisaa model haye jiska adhik vyaapak roop seey upayog kiya jaa sakata haye. iran mein hamaare anubhav kaa upayog bhavishya kii aapadaon key jawab mein kaheen aur kiya jaa sakata haye, aur hamein peediton aur bachaav shramikon donon koo vaha sahaayata pradaan karane kaa dhyaan rakhna chaahiye."
manovaigyaanik karyakram ney 20,000 logon kaa mulyankan kiya, jinamen seey 9,300 koo mansik sahaayata kii aavashyakta key roop mein pahachaana gayaa, jisake parinamswarup 5,600 seey adhik loga vyaktigat yaa samooh paramarsh seey gujar rahey they. irani laal ardhchandra samaaj koo denmark, iceland aur itali key redd cross samajon seey samarthan milaa, lekin dhana kaa mukhya srot pratidhvani, europeeya sangh key maanviya karyalaya dwara pradaan kiya gayaa thaa. karyakram ney naa kewal paaramparik chikitsa pradaan kii, balki prabhaavit logon koo upchaar key roop mein chitrakala, silai aur computer kakshaon jaisi avkash suvidhaaen bhee pradaan keen.
halanki baam mein sthaayi aspatal kaa punarnirmaan kiya gayaa thaa, asthaayi aspatal koo naa kewal iran mein balki kshetriya kshetra mein aapada key roop mein bhavishya kii aapaatkaaleen pratikriya kii taiyari mein sangraheet kiya gayaa haye. bhookamp key jawab mein, redd cross key antarrashtriya mahasangh ney irani laal ardhchandra koo apani paryavaraniya aapada pratikriya ranneetiyon mein vyaapak roop seey sudhaar karane mein sahaayata karane key liye antarrashtriya dhana aur sansadhanon koo jutaaya, jisamen ack shahari swaasthya kendra aur duss schools kaa nirmaan dekhaa gayaa haye, jisamen isake raahat adhikaariyon key liye ack aupchaarik prashikshan karyakram aur ack sadak bachaav station, 2005 key anta mein puuraa huaa.
avaidh maadak padarthon kaa uday aur baam key kamkaji logon kaa patan.
bhookamp key baad, bache logon ney badey paimaane parr afeem kaa upayog karna shuru curr diyaa, joe afghanistan aur pakistan seey aaney vaale drugs key liye vyaapaar maarg parr baam key sthaan key kaaran aasaani seey sulabh thaa. 2006 taka, 50 pratishat seey adhik purush aur lagbhag 15 pratishat mahilaaen kathit roop seey 11 varsh kii ayu key sabse cumm umr key vyasani key saath vyasani theen. nirmaan shramik aitihaasik roop seey badey injection rahey hain, aur lutt mein vriddhi kaa shreya iss samooh koo janata koo suee dene key liye diyaa jaa sakata haye. ack anaam unicef karyakarta ney daavaa kiya kii drugs punarnirmaan koo dheema curr rahey they aur prerana koo cumm curr rahey they.
bhookamp parr adharit filmein.
"2008 mein jaari "colours off memori" ack sarjan kii kahani bataati haye joe 33 saal taka germany mein rahane key baad ghar lautata haye. dow. parsa ack jatil operation karane key liye tehran mein aataa haye, jahan vaha "kwanti" naamak ack parivarik mitra koo dekhta haye joe usey sahaayata key liye apane grihnagar baam vaapas aaney kaa aagrah kartaa haye. kanadai online khojkarta dwara film kii prashansa "utsav aur dill dahala dene vaale donon" key roop mein kii gaee thee aur irani logon seey "ootak laane" kaa aagrah kiya gayaa thaa."
"2006 mein release hui "voyce off baam", iss ghatana key baare mein ack dutch nirmit vrittachitra haye.

