sent kaa itihas. lui (1804-1865)

sent kaa itihas. 1804 seey 1865 taka luis, misauri mein sent kaa nirmaan shamil thaa. louisiana kshetra kii kshetriya rajdhani key roop mein, 1819 kii dahashat aur baad key avasaad taka vikas kii ack sankshipt avadhi, bhaap kii nauka kii shuruat aur samriddhi kii vaapsee key baad udyog kaa teji seey vividhikaran, aur aapravaasan aur gulami key muddon key baare mein badhate tanaav. sent. luis ney americi grihyuddh mein bhee bhoomika nibhai.
sarkaar aur rajneeti mein parivartan.
antim spanish leftinent governor key baad oopari louisiana aur sent ney aatmasamarpan curr diyaa. france aur sanyukt raajya america key pratinidhi, amos stodard koo yuu taka kshetra kii nagrik kamaan (march-octuber 1804) dee gaee thee.aiss. congress ney aage bhee kaarravaai kii. stoddard ney sthaaniya niyamon koo likhane key liye jaldi seey ack nagrik samiti (pramukh creol parivaaron key netritva mein) kii sthaapana kii. haalaanki, congress ney ack sangathan kaanoon paarit kiya jisane 33vein samanantar mein louisiana khareed koo sent sahit oopari bhaag key saath alag curr diyaa. lui koo louisiana kaa jilaa kahaa jaataa haye aur indiana kshetra key adhikaariyon dwara shaasit kiya jaataa haye. jile koo upa-jilon mein vibhajit kiya gayaa thaa jisamen sent shamil they. lui, sent. charles, aur stee. genevieve, anya logon key beach. adhiniyam ney videshi daas vyaapaar parr bhee pratibandh lagaa diyaa aur 1 octuber, 1800 key baad banaae gaye 640 ekad seey adhik key kissy bhee bhoomi anudan koo radd curr diyaa. adhikansh ameer creol ney nae sangathan kaanoon koo vishesh roop seey ghrinit paaya, yadi gulami key prati isake khatare key liye naheen tou isake mahatva mein kamee key kaaran. lui.
creol parivaaron aur amerikiyon, jinake paas badey spanish bhoomi anudan they, ney iss prakaar 1804 mein congress koo pranali kii sameeksha karane key liye yachika daayar kii. yachika koo kshetriya governor, villium heinry harrison seey samarthan milaa, aur julaai 1805 mein, congress ney louisiana jile koo louisiana kshetra key roop mein punargathit kiya, jisaki kshetriya rajdhani sent louisiana mein thee. lui. nae punargathan ney ack bhoomi daavaa board bhee banaaya joe unaki vaidhata nirdhaarit karane key liye badey bhoomi anudan daavon kii sameeksha karega. jefferson ney jaldi seey james wilkinson koo nae kshetriya governor key roop mein niyukt kiya, jisamen johnn coburn, rufus easton aur johnn baptist charles lucas koo kshetriya nyayadhish key roop mein niyukt kiya gayaa. easton aur lucas donon sent key fixture baney rahey. lui sarkaar 19veen shatabdi mein achchi tarah seey.
1806 taka, wilkinson sent mein vyaapak roop seey alokpriya hoe gaye they. bhoomi daavaa sameeksha board mein unake hastakshep aur ack kshetriya vidhaayika bulaane seey incar key kaaran lui. wilkinson ney aaron barr seey bhee dosti kii thee, jisase afavaahen uda gaeen kii donon paschimi vidroh kii yojana banaa rahey they. iss prakaar wilkinson koo maee 1806 mein karyalaya seey hataa diyaa gayaa aur 1807 kii shuruat mein luis aur clark abhiyaan key khojkarta aur saha-naam mereveder luis dwara pratisthaapit kiya gayaa, jinhone march 1808 mein karyalaya liya. halanki, luis kaa karyakal chhota thaa, kyonki unaki mrityu washington kii yatra parr hui thee.see. 1809 key anta mein.
louisiana kii khareed key baad shahar kii aabaadi dheere-dheere badhee, lekin vistaar key saath sent koo shamil karane kii ichcha badh gaee. ack shahar key roop mein lui, kshetriya vidhaayika kii manjuri key binaa sthaaniya adhyadesh banaane kii anumati detaa haye. 1808 mein ack asafal prayaas key baad, sthaaniya jilaa adalat ney shahar seey ack yachika koo shamil karane key liye manjuri dee, aur 27 navambar, 1809 koo, pahale nyasi mandal koo shahar key nagrikon kaa pratinidhitva karane key liye chunaa gayaa.
nyasi mandal mukhya roop seey creol abhijaat varg key sadasyon aur nae aae amerikiyon seey banaa thaah auguste chauteu, villium see. kaar, jeane caben, edward hampstead aur villium christy, chautu key saath adhyaksh key roop mein chune gaye. board mukhya roop seey gulam niyantran seey sambandhit thaa, sivaay ack adhyadesh key joe shahar kii sadakon parr ghuddaud parr pratibandh lagaata haye. anya adhyadeshon ney swayamsevi agnishaman vibhaag kii companiyon kaa nirmaan kiya, shahar seey mrit jaanvaron koo hataane kii aavashyakta thee, aur ack sadak paryavekshak banaaya joe purushon koo unaki sampatti seey satey sadakon parr kaam karane kaa adesh dene mein saksham thaa. shahar ney ack chhota sampatti curr bhee lagu kiya aur vyaavsaayik licenses jaari karane seey kuchh rajaswa praapt kiya.
nyasi mandal ney apane adhyadeshon koo lagu karane key liye ack constabulary kii sthaapana kii, jisamen chaar purush shamil they joe shahar key vayask purushon mein seey ack baari-baari seey chune gaye, binaa vetan key seva karate they. jilaa aur nagar jail poorv chinai tower mein sthit thaa, jise fort saine carlos key roop mein jaanaa jaataa haye, jise sent kii ladaai key liye leeba dwara banaaya gayaa thaa. 1780 mein lui. 1810 key dashak taka aparaadh apekshaakrit durlabh rhaa; shahar kii pahali hatyaa 1817 mein hui thee.
1812 mein, louisiana kshetra kaa naam badalkar misauri kshetra curr diyaa gayaa, aur 1812 seey 1821 taka, sent. lui iss kshetra kii rajdhani bunny rahee. kshetra kaa naam badalane key alawa, sabhi upa-jile (jaise sent. lui, sent. charles, stee. genevieve, aadi.) kaa naam badalkar county curr diyaa gayaa. nae kshetriya vidhanmandal mein, sent. luis county (jisamen usa samay sent kaa shahar shamil thaa. lui) chaar pratinidhiyon key hakdar they, joe kissy bhee county mein sabse adhik they.
1812 key yuddh key anta key baad, sent kii aabaadi. lui aur misauri kshetra kaa teji seey vistaar honey lagaa. 1804 aur 1810 key beach, shahar 1,200 seey badhkar 1,400 hoe gayaa, jabaki 1810 seey 1820 taka, shahar kii aabaadi 1,400 seey teen gunaa seey badhkar 4,600 hoe gaee. yeh aabaadi key iss pravaah key dauran thaa joe chaute aur jey.bee.see. lucas ney teesari sadak key paschim mein apani bhoomi koo vibhajit kiya, saatvin sadak key madhyam seey paschim mein bahut kuchh jodaa aur poorv-paschim sadakon kii chaudaai koo doguna curr diyaa. chauteu aur lucas ney bhee county courthouse key roop mein upayog karane key liye bahut kuchh daan kiya, jahan 1828 mein purana sent. lui county courthouse kaa nirmaan kiya gayaa thaa.
jansankhya mein vriddhi ney misauri key liye raajya kaa darja paane mein bhee ruchi paida kii; lagbhag sabhi sent. lui abhijaat varg (creol aur americi donon) ney iss kshetra mein apani raajneetik shakti badhaane key tareeke key roop mein raajya kaa samarthan kiya. disambar 1818 mein, congress ney misauri key pravesh parr bahas kii, misauri samjhaute key saath apani bahas koo samaapt kiya aur march 1820 mein ack saksham adhiniyam ney misauri koo raajya sarkaar kaa chunaav karane aur raajya samvidhaan banaane key liye adhikrit kiya. misauri key samvaidhaanik sammelan ney 12 juuna, 1820 koo sent pietersberg mein teesari sadak parr haveli house hotal mein kaam shuru kiya. lui, 19 julaai, 1820 koo misauri samvidhaan koo puuraa karane aur apanaane key baad, raajya kaa darja milane key baad, pahali aam sabhaa sent mein misauri hotal mein hui. luis, jahan vidhaayika ney sent kaa chayan kiya. jefferson shahar key sthaayi rajdhani key roop mein puuraa honey taka raajya kii rajdhani key liye ack asthaayi ghar key roop mein charles. sent. louisons koo apani poonji kii sthiti key nuksan parr "koee spasht pachtawa naheen" thaa, kyonki unhone ise hassil karane kaa bahut cumm prayaas kiya thaa.
aam sabhaa key shuruati nirnayon mein seey ack sent seey ack yachika lena thaa. ack charter key saath ack shahar key roop mein nigman key liye lui. pahala sent. lui shahar charter koo 9 disambar, 1822 koo vidhaayika dwara anumodit kiya gayaa thaa, joe shahar key matdaataon kii manjuri key adheen thaa (joe taba 107 seey 90 key antar seey paarit huaa). shahar key pahale mahapour haal hii mein aae ack americi chikitsak, villium kaar laine they, jinhone aprail 1823 mein shahar key sansthaapak august chauteu koo 122-70 key vote seey haraaya thaa. alderman key nau sadasyiya board koo bhee chunaa gayaa thaa (pahale key nyasi board kii jagah), aur shahar kii seema koo paschim seey saatvin sadak aur uttar aur dakshin mein lagbhag 5 blocks dwara vistaarit kiya gayaa thaa.
praarambhik shahar sarkaar kaa dhyaan nadee key kinare aur shahar kii swaasthya sthitiyon mein sudhaar parr thaa. 1823 mein, alderman ney mukhya (pahali) sadak koo vaapas karane aur footpath banaane key liye matdan kiya, aur 1824 mein sadakon aur footpath koo footpath banaane aur sabhi shahar key blocks mein gully banaane key liye ack samanya adhyadesh key liye matdan kiya. haalaanki, pakki pragati dheemi thee aur 1830 key dashak mein adhikansh sadaken gandi raheen. footpath karyakram key alawa, alderman ney sadakon kaa naam badalane key liye matdan kiya, jisamen uttar-dakshin sadakon koo aadhikarik roop seey sankhya dee gaee, jabaki poorv-paschim sadakon kaa naam pedon key naam parr rakhaa gayaa.
catholic punrutthan aur sent mein protestantwad kaa vikas. lui.
sanyukt raajya america mein louisiana key hastaantaran key kaaran sent mein catholic church huaa. lui koo kaafee vittiya kathinaaee kaa saamana karna padaa; hastaantaran seey pahale, spanish sarkaar ney sabhi church sanchaalan kharchon kaa bhugtan kiya thaa, aur isaliye nagrikon key beach koee dashmansh aavashyak naheen thaa. iss prakaar sent key nivasi pujari. 1804 mein lui chaley gaye, aur sthaaniya catholics koo stee seey ack yatra pujari dwara aavadhik sevaayen dee gaeen. 1818 taka saal mein lagbhag chhah baar genevieve karein. samasyaon key bavjood, sent mein church mein bapatisma jaari rhaa. lui, lagbhag 400 gorey aur 100 ashweton key saath 1804 aur 1816 key beach bapatisma liya.
1815 mein, nyu orleans key apostolic prashaasak, luis villium valentine duborg koo louisiana key nae banaae gaye diosis aur floridas (joe nyu orleans key diosis seey alag hoe gayaa thaa) key bishparik koo saunpa gayaa thaa, aur unhone sent mein apane episcopal see kii sthaapana kii. lui. janwari 1818 kii shuruat mein unake aagaman parr, bishap duborg ney cruzat key tahat nirmit kshay kiye gaye logg church koo dhwast karane kaa adesh diyaa aur usee church block parr ack eent church key saath ise badal diyaa. nayaa church, aakar mein 40 feat seey 135, kii laagat $24,000 seey adhik thee aur iska aantarik bhaag kabhi puuraa naheen huaa thaa, halanki 25 disambar, 1819 koo isamen pahala saamoohik utsav manaaya gayaa thaa. lui 1822 mein sthaayi roop seey nyu orleans laut aae, lekin nivasi pujaariyon kii unaki bharti, ack madarse kii sthaapana, aur church key punarnirmaan ney sent mein catholic church kii sthiti mein sudhaar kiya. lui. 1826 taka, ack alag sent. lui diosis kaa nirmaan joseph rosati key saath kiya gayaa thaa, jise 1827 mein pahale bishap key roop mein naamit kiya gayaa thaa.
1790 key dashak key anta mein pravaasi mantriyon key netritva mein protestant apane gharon mein sevaaen praapt karane lagey, lekin louisiana kii khareed seey pahale adhikansh koo jaldi seey americi kshetra mein hataane kii aavashyakta thee. khareed key baad, baptists ney 1807 mein ack mandali kaa ayojan kiya aur 1815 mein shulk creak (sent seey parey) parr ack logg church kaa nirmaan kiya. lui shahar kii seemaaen). kewal 1818 mein sent key bheetar ack protestant church banaaya gayaa thaa. lui, joe kii baptist missionary johnn messon peck dwara aayojit kiya gayaa thaa, jisamen gyaarah sadasya pahale baptist church mein sadasyata kaa daavaa curr rahey they. yatra key baad key shuruati varshon key dauran yatri paddhativaadi mantri bhee shahar pahunche, lekin kewal 1821 mein ack mandali kaa gathan kiya.
sent koo prabhaavit karane vaalaa teesara protestant samooh. luis presbyterian church thaa, jise mool roop seey 1811 mein charles gratiot sr dwara ack bible pathan samaaj key roop mein aayojit kiya gayaa thaa., villium see. kaar, aur stephen hampstead (edward hampstead key pitaa). dou presbyterian missionaryon ney sent mein prachaar kiya. 1816 mein lui, lekin yeh kewal disambar 1817 mein ack church key ayojan seey pahale thaa. chautha protestant samooh episcopal church thaa, jisaki sthaapana 1825 mein hui thee jaba thomas horrell christ church episcopal church key pahale rector baney they. nae churchon aur kaitholikwad key punrutthan kii parwah kiye binaa, adhikansh aabaadi sangathit dharm mein ruchi naheen rakhti thee yaa agyeyavaadi thee.
praarambhik vanijya aur 1819 kii dahashat.
louisiana kii khareed key baad shahar kaa vanijya farr vyaapaar parr kendrit rhaa; sent mein vyaapaar sanchaalan. lui kaa netritva chauteu parivaar aur oces key saath isake gathbandhan aur manuel lissa aur unaki misauri farr company ney kiya thaa. yeye praarambhik sanchaalan kaafee hudd taka bhaaratiya gaanvon key paas vyaparik chaukiyon parr nirbhar they, jahan bhaaratiya aur kuchh safed trapper saman key liye farr kaa adaan-pradaan curr sakate they. inn vyapariyon kii visheshagyata seey labhanvit honey vaalaa luis aur clark abhiyaan thaa, joe sent koo chhod gayaa. maee 1804 mein lui, 1805 kii garmiyon mein prashant mahasagar mein pahuncha, aur 23 sitambar, 1806 koo laut aaya. farr vyaapaar abhijaat varg key dhana kaa aadhar banaa rhaa. lui creol parivaar jaise chautaus 1820 key dashak kii shuruat mein.
1810 key dashak kii shuruat mein americi parivaaron key sent mein jaane key saath shuru huaa. lui, shahar mein eenton kii imaaraten banane lageen. mool gaanv kii creol shally kii tulanaa mein adhik frame house aur logg imaraton key saath vastukala americi shally koo bhee pratibimbit karati haye. lagbhag 1810 taka maujood imaraton parr sevaaon key sanket aur vigyaapan key saath americi vyaavsaayik prathaon ney bhee pakad banaa lii. inn praarambhik americi aur apravasi parivaaron ney 1810 key dashak mein mudran aur banking sahit nae vyavasaay kholna shuru curr diyaa.
praarambhik printers mein seey sent mein basane key liye. lui aur joseph charless naamak ayrish apravasi they, jinhone mississippi key paschim mein pahala samachar patra, "misauri rajpatra", sent mein prakaashit kiya. 12 julaai, 1808 koo lui ney binaa kissy aarop key sarkari kaaryavaahi, antarrashtriya samachar, janm aur mrityu notice aur apane swayam key sampadakiya chhaape, lekin aam taur parr dwandwayuddh key baare mein jaankaari chhaapane seey incar curr diyaa.
1810 key dashak key dauran bhee, sent. lui vyapariyon koo bahut cumm sarrafa mudra kii samasya kaa saamana karna padaa aur kentucky aur ohiyo mein bainkon dwara jaari avishvasaniya kagji mudra kii aapoorti mein vriddhi hui. sent kii vaastavik barter arthavyavastha mein sudhaar karna. lui, disambar 1816 mein vyapariyon key ack samooh ney sent baink kaa gathan kiya. lui, jise kshetriya vidhaayika dwara chartered kiya gayaa thaa aur jise farr koo sampaarshvik key roop mein sweekaar kiya gayaa thaa. haalaanki, baink apane cashier kii or seey kuprabandhan aur dhokhadhadi key parinamswarup whiffle rhaa. 1817 kii shuruat mein, vyapariyon key ack anya samooh ney baink off misauri kaa gathan kiya, joe shuru mein safal rhaa aur 150,000 dollar kii guaranteekrit jamaa key saath ack sanyukt raajya kaa depository baink bunn gayaa. haalaanki, sanyukt raajya america key dusare baink ney 1818 key anta mein apani mudra neeti koo anubandhit kiya, jisase 1819 kii dahashat fail gaee aur antatah misauri baink bund hoe gayaa.
1819 kii dahashat aur baad key avasaad key prabhaav ney sent mein vaanijyik gatividhi koo dheema curr diyaa. 1820 key dashak key madhya taka lui. halanki, 1824 aur 1825 taka sent. lui vyavsaayon ney paschim kii or jaane vaale kisaanon kii badhati sankhya koo taiyar karna shuru curr diyaa, jabaki anya vyapariyon ney paschimi chaukiyon mein jaane vaale sainya balon kii aapoorti kii. sent. steamboat kii shuruat key baad purvi baajaron key saath lui kaa sambandh bhee badh rhaa thaa; steamboat mein aaney vaalaa pahala steamboat. lui, zebulon aim. 2 agast, 1817 koo dock kiya gayaa, 1820 key dashak key madhya mein aarthik sudhaar key samay taka, steamboat mississippi aur sent mein aam they. lui docks. shahar key uttar mein teji seey sent banaa. kaee badee nadee naukaaon key liye sabse uttari naugamya bandargah lui haye, aur "pike" aur anya jahaajon ney jald hii sent koo badal diyaa. ack halchal vaale antardeshiya bandargah mein lui.
purvakaaleen aarthik vistaar.
sent mein upalabdh utpaadon mein vividhikaran. aarthik sudhaar key dauran, badey paimaane parr naee bhaap nauka shakti key parinamswarup, lui huaa. confectionary, jewellery, kitaabon kii dukaanen, sangeet vaadyayantra kii dukaanen, lakadi key yard aur murdaghar sabhi 1820 aur 1830 key dashak key anta mein pahali baar khole gaye. banking ney 1830 key dashak key anta mein dalali aur beema farmon key saath khud koo phir seey sthaapit karna shuru kiya, jaba taka kii 1840 key dashak kii shuruat mein banking sankat ney kaee companiyon koo phir seey parisamapan key liye majboor naheen kiya. 1830 key dashak key dauran thoke vikretaon ney bhee kaam karna shuru curr diyaa, shahar mein badee company key godamon seey khudra pratishthanon kii aapoorti kii. 1836 mein sthaapit shahar kaa vyaapaari vinimay, sanyukt raajya america mein pahala vastu-vyaapaar vinimay thaa. 1820 key dashak aur 1830 key dashak mein bhee farr kaa vyaapaar ack pramukh vaanijyik udyam key roop mein jaari rhaa.
1819 kii dahashat aur aarthik mandee key baad, farr kaa vyaapaar bhaartiyon aur trappers key saath vyaapaar parr adharit honey seey seedhe trapping aur shipping farr parr adharit hoe gayaa thaa. iss vidhi key agraduton mein ack company thee jise chattani pahaadi farr company key roop mein jaanaa jaataa thaa, joe sent seey chully gaee thee. aprail 1822 mein lui mein zim brijar, jediah smith, thomas fitzpatrick, zim beckworth aur etine provost jaise pahaadi purush shamil they. chattani parvat samooh koo antatah johnn jacob estore key swaamitva vaali americi farr company dwara vyavasaay seey majboor kiya gayaa thaa, lekin paschimi farr vyaapaar kaa mukhyalaya sent mein banaa rhaa. lui. haalaanki, 1830 key dashak key anta aur 1840 key dashak kii shuruat taka, fashion mein parivartan kaa matlab thaa kii beaver farr kii abb maang naheen thee, halanki sent. lui bhains kii khaal aur anya farr key kendra key roop mein jaari rhaa.
jaise-jaise vaanijyik vyaapaar phir seey shuru huaa, vaise-vaise shahar kaa nirmaan aur bhautik vikas huaa. puraane sent kaa nirmaan. 1820 key dashak key anta mein lui county courthouse ney anya vikas koo protsaahit kiya, 1833 mein nauvin sadak key liye paschimi lott aur nadee seey satey ack nae city holl key saath. 1833 aur 1845 key beach, shahar mein 31 aur jode gaye, joe paschimi kinare koo 14 veen sadak taka vistaarit karate they. fort belefontein (misauri nadee key kinare shahar key uttar mein) mein sainya chauki sthanantarit hoe gaee aur 1826 mein sent seey lagbhag duss meal dakshin mein jefferson bairak taka vistaarit hoe gaee. mississippi nadee parr lui. senaa ney ack shastragar banaane key liye shahar key teen meal dakshin mein 37 ekad jameen kharidi, jisase ack audyogik jodd aur dakshin mein lohe key pahaad, misauri key liye rail line shuru hui. shahar key uttar mein ack aur jodd bremen shahar koo jodata haye, jise taba sent dwara jodaa gayaa thaa. lui
1830 key dashak mein shahar kii aabaadi mein naatakiya vriddhi dekhi gaeeh 1830 taka, shahar kii aabaadi 1820 mein lagbhag 4,500 seey badhkar 5,832 hoe gaee thee. 1835 taka, shahar kii aabaadi 8,316 taka pahunch gaee, 1840 taka doguni hocker 16,439 hoe gaee, 1845 taka phir seey doguni hocker 35,390 hoe gaee, aur phir 1850 taka 77,860 hoe gaee. lui sabse badaa yuu bunn gayaa thaa.aiss. pitsburg, pensylvania key paschim mein shahar aur desh kaa doosara sabse badaa bandargah, ack vaanijyik tunn bhaar key saath kewal newyork shahar seey adhik thaa.
buniyaadi dhaanche mein sudhaar.
1830 aur 1840 key dashak key teji seey vikas key kaaran, haija sent mein ack mahatvapurna samasya bunn gaee. lui. disambar 1848 mein, kaee bhaap naukaaon mein pravasiyon kii bheed key baad haija key mamle saamane aae, jisase sambhavatah yeh bimari hoe gaee. 1849 key vasant aur garmiyon mein, haija mahamari key anupaat mein poori aabaadi mein fail gayaa, jisamen lagbhag 5,000 loga maare gaye. haija samasya key samadhan key roop mein, shahar key adhikaariyon ney mull aur kachare seey bharey hue sinkhole koo nikaalane key liye ack seaver pranali kaa nirmaan kiya. 1861 taka nirmit lagbhag 31 meal seaver pipe key alawa, bhoomigat jall sandushan koo cumm karane key liye kabristanon koo shahar key baahari ilaakon mein belfontein kabristan aur kalwari kabristan mein hataa diyaa gayaa thaa, aur 1851 mein ack badey mill talab koo nikaal diyaa gayaa thaa.
1849 kii haija mahamari key usee varsh, tata parr ack bhaap kii naav mein ack badee aag lugg gaee, joe 23 anya naukaaon mein fail gaee, phir kendra shahar key ack badey hisse koo nasht curr diyaa. sampatti key nuksan kaa anuman $61 laakh thaa, jabaki hajaaron loga berojgar hoe gaye, saikadon ney apane ghar khou diye aur darjanon pramukh vyavasaay nasht hoe gaye. aag key jawab mein, sadakon koo chauda kiya gayaa, ghaat mein sudhaar kiya gayaa, aur ack nae bhawan code key liye patthar yaa eent seey nirmaan kii sanrachanaon kii aavashyakta thee.
1850 key dashak key dauran tatbandh mein bhee mahatvapurna sudhaar dekhaa gayaa. 19veen shatabdi key poorvaardh mein, sent mein mississippi nadee mein ack doosara channel vikasit huaa. lui. dou chainalon key beach ack dweep (vahaan ladey gaye dwandwa key liye khatta dweep upnaam) banaa, aur sent key neeche ack chhota dweep (dunken dweep) vikasit huaa. lui. yeh darr thaa kii sent mein levi. lui koo uchch aur shushk chhod diyaa jaa sakata haye, aur sanghiya sahaayata kii maang kii gaee thee aur 1851 mein $50,000 key anudan key saath praapt kii gaee thee. robbert ee kii engineering yojana kaa upayog karate hue. lii, leave kaa nirmaan 1852 aur 1853 mein ilinois kii or kiya gayaa thaa taaki misauri kii or paani koo nirdeshit kiya jaa sakey aur dusare channel koo samaapt kiya jaa sakey, ilinois kii or bhoomi parr khooni dweep mein shamil hoe jaae aur 1855 taka dunken key dweep koo dhou diyaa jaa sakey.
shahar key buniyaadi dhaanche kaa ack antim ghatak joe grih yuddh seey pahale banaaya gayaa thaa, vaha shahar kii jall pranali thee. mool roop seey, shahar key nivaasiyon ney nadee key paani kaa upayog kiya, joe shahar key uttar mein nadee key kinare seey seedhe kheencha jaataa thaa. 1830 mein shuru huaa, ack mool americi tealey key oopar ack pumping station aur jalaashay banaaya gayaa thaa, lekin yeh jaldi seey shahar kii jarooraton key liye aparyaapt hoe gayaa. 1843 aur 1845 mein station aur jalaashay kaa vistaar kiya gayaa, lekin phir seey aparyaapt saabit huaa. 1849 aur 1860 key beach chaar nae jalashayon kaa nirmaan kiya gayaa thaa, lekin grihyuddh seey pahale, paani kii gunavatta yaa aapoorti mein koee mahatvapurna sudhaar naheen huaa thaa.
grihyuddh seey pahale shiksha.
misauri rajpatra" key mudrak joseph charless ney bhee misauri kshetra mein pahali pustak (kshetriya kaanoonon key baare mein) prakaashit kii aur ack pustak kii dukaan kaa sanchaalan kiya. isake alawa, sent mein sabse ameer vyakti. lui key paas niji pustak sangrah bhee they. haalaanki, vayaskon kaa ack badaa anupaat anpadh rhaa.
sent mein praarambhik school. lui sabhi shulk-adharit they aur jyaadaatar french mein paath aayojit karate they. pahala paryaapt shaikshik prayaas catholic church key adhikaar key tahat aaya, jisane 1818 mein sent luis akadami kholi, jise baad mein sent luis vishvavidyalaya kaa naam diyaa gayaa, joe devatva, darshan, bhaashaon aur ganit mein pathyakram pradaan kartaa thaa. haalaanki, akadami mukhya roop seey aam janata key bajaay seminary chhatron key liye thee. baad mein, 1840 aur 1850 key dashak mein, catholic schools ney cumm seey cumm duss praantiya schools mein 3,000 seey adhik chhatron koo shiksha pradaan kii.
sent mein saarvajanik shiksha. lui kii shuruat 1838 mein hui, jaba shahar key alderman board ney dou praathamik vidyaalayon, jinhen uttar aur dakshin schools key roop mein jaanaa jaataa haye, kaa samarthan karane key liye ack samanya bhoomi aaykar lagaane key liye matdan kiya. 1841 mein ack teesara vidyalaya khola gayaa, jise benton school kahaa jaataa haye, joe buniyaadi lekhan, padhane aur ganit mein nirdesh pradaan kartaa haye. shuru mein schools mein chhatron koo shulk kaa bhugtan karane kii aavashyakta thee, lekin 1847 taka curr shulkon ney muft saarvajanik shiksha aur pranali key vistaar kii anumati dee. 1854 taka, iss pranali mein 27 school they aur lagbhag 4,000 chhatron kii seva kii gaee, 1855 mein ack uchch vidyalaya kaafee dhumdham seey khola gayaa, aur 1860 taka, lagbhag 12,000 chhatron ney sent mein dakhila liya thaa. lui public school. jile ney 1857 mein ack samanya vidyalaya bhee khola, joe baad mein harris-stow raajya vishvavidyalaya bunn gayaa.
sent mein gulami aur naslavaad. lui.
misauri koo 1821 mein ack gulam raajya key roop mein bharti kiya gayaa thaa. kaee gulam dhaarak kentucky aur tenacy seey kshetra mein chaley gaye they, aur kendriya misauri nadee key kinare gulamon key saath buss gaye they, ack aise kshetra mein joe "little dixi" key roop mein jaanaa jaane lagaa, saath hii saath booteel key delta kshetra mein bhee. kaee swatantra ashwet aur gulam sent mein rahate they aur kaam karate they. luis, gharelu, kaarigaron, nadee kii naukaaon parr chaalak dall aur ghaaton parr majdooron key roop mein.
misauri koo ack gulam raajya key roop mein sweekaar karane key baad, sent mein daason kaa swaamitva aur bikri jaari rahee. luis, halanki jaise-jaise shahar badhata gayaa, gulamon key roop mein rakhee gaee aabaadi kaa pratishat cumm hoe gayaa. sent mein daason kaa upchaar. anya kshetron kii tulanaa mein lui spasht naheen haye; kuchh saboot halke seey laker kathor vyavhaar kaa sujhaav dete hain, aur yeh spasht haye kii kaee daason ney bhaagne kaa prayaas kiya. gulamon kii bikri aamtaur parr samachar patron mein vigyaapan key madhyam seey hoti haye, jisamen hotal yaa niji gharon mein lenden kiya jaataa haye. gulamon koo aksar sent mein rakhaa jaataa thaa. kissy vishesh khet yaa ack vyaapaari key paas jaane seey pahale lui jail. kaee daason ney chaalak dall key roop mein yaa nadee key kinare majdooron key roop mein bhaap kii naukaaon parr kaam kiya, aur kuchh nadee key paar ilinois key mukt raajya mein bhaag gaye, joe bhoomigat rail maarg key madhyam seey kanada taka jaari rhaa. kuchh daason koo unake maalikon dwara ack varsh taka kii avadhi key liye khet yaa vaanijyik kaam key liye bhee kaam parr rakhaa gayaa thaa.
kaam kii upalabdhata kaa matlab thaa kii gulam majdoori kamaa sakate they, aur kuchh loga apani yaa rishtedaron kii swatantrata khareedane key liye paise bachaane mein saksham they. aisaa hii ack udaaharan johnn berry meecham kaa thaa, ack cooper jisane apani swatantrata khareed lii, phir apane parivaar aur dusaron koo gulami seey khareedane key liye kaam kiya. meecham baad mein ack baptist mantri bunn gayaa aur sent key african baptist church kii sthaapana kii. lui. anya daason koo kuchh samay kii seva key baad maanav mukti key madhyam seey mukt kiya gayaa thaa, jaise kii francis naamak ack gulam kaa mamla thaa jise 1826 mein august chaute dwara mukt kiya gayaa thaa. 1828 seey 1865 taka, kewal 1,000 seey cumm daason ney apani swatantrata praapt kii, kull daason kii aabaadi mein seey 2,600 seey adhik kabhi naheen.
maanav mukti aur aatm-mukti key abhyaas key alawa, kuchh daason ney swatantrata mukdamon key madhyam seey apani swatantrata praapt kii, 1824 key misauri raajya kaanoon key tahat mukdamon kii anumati dee gaee, joe unhein apani swatantrata key liye mukadama karane kii anumati dekar mukt ashweton koo gulami seey bachaane key liye design kiya gayaa thaa. inn swatantrata sooton mein seey sabse pahale skypian parivaar dwara laaya gayaa thaa. mairi jeane cypian, ack aadhaa bhaaratiya gulam, koo takniki roop seey 1760 key dashak mein spanish shasson kii shuruat mein oh 'railey decree key saath mukt kiya jaanaa chaahiye thaa; 1805 mein, unaki betty margaret ney swatantrata key liye mukadama daayar kiya aur shuru mein adalat mein jeet hassil kii, ack nirnay jise misauri kshetriya adalat dwara ulat diyaa gayaa thaa. raajya kaa darja milane key baad, tyne ney parivaar koo jeane piyare chauteu (auguste chauteu key bhaai) koo betch diyaa. 1825 mein, margaret ney phir seey ack swatantrata mukadama daayar kiya, iss baar 1824 key misauri raajya kaanoon key tahat. misauri sarvocch nyayalaya aur yuu sahit kaee apeelon key baad.aiss. sarvocch nyayalaya, marguret cypian ney 1836 mein apana mamla jeet liya, cypian parivaar koo mukt curr diyaa aur misauri mein bhaaratiya gulami koo samaapt curr diyaa.
1846 mein, daason ney scott aur unaki patni harriot parr swatantrata key liye mukadama daayar kiya, ack mamle mein puraane adalat mein sunaa gayaa, joe unake dwara yatra karane aur swatantra raajyon mein apane malik key saath rahane key aadhar parr thaa. haalaanki raajya ney unake paksh mein faisala sunaaya, lekin yuu key liye ack appeal.aiss. sarvocch nyayalaya ney unake khilaf 1857 kaa faisala sunaaya. sarvocch nyayalaya ney faisala sunaaya kii daason koo nagrik key roop mein naheen ginaa jaa sakata haye. iss nirnay ney misauri samjhaute key aadhar koo ulat diyaa. nirnay key varsh mein, donon scots koo unake swami key parivaar dwara mukt kiya gayaa thaa.
cypian parivarik mamle aur dred scott mamle sahit, sent mein teen sou ack swatantrata mukadame daayar kiye gaye they. 1814 seey 1860 taka lui adalaton mein, haalaanki, daason ney unamen seey aadhe seey bhee cumm mein swatantrata praapt kii.
sent mein aapravaasan aur nativism. lui.
1830 key dashak key aarthik vistaar key dauran, ayrish aur german aapravaasan sent. lui mein kaafee vriddhi hui. vishesh roop seey, gottfried duden key lekhan ney madhya-paschim aur sent mein german aapravaasan koo protsaahit kiya. vishesh roop seey lui. 1830 key dashak kii shuruat taka sent kii german aabaadi. lui americi aur francisi dwara ack gutt key roop mein maane jaane key liye paryaapt mahatvapurna hoe gayaa thaa. vaastav mein, disambar 1833 mein ack hii dinn mein germany seey 500 seey adhik apravasi shahar mein pahunche. 1840 aur 1850 key dashak mein german aapravaasan jaari rhaa, vishesh roop seey 1848 kii kraantiyon kii viphalata key baad.
grihyuddh seey pahale key pravasiyon kaa doosara pramukh samooh ireland seey aaya thaa, jisamen catholic aur protestant ayrish donon shamil they. haalaanki anya kshetron mein ayrish apravasiyon koo 1820 aur 1830 key dashak key dauran garibi key barabar maanaa gayaa thaa, sent key praarambhik ayrish samudaay. 1830 key dashak mein lui mein aksar ameer, raajneetik roop seey shaktishali aur prabhaavshaali sadasya shamil they, jaise kii johnn mulanfi, alekjendar mcnair aur johnn oh 'faulan. haalaanki, 1840 key dashak key madhya mein badee sankhya mein ayrish loga garibi seey bhagkar videsh chaley gaye aur sent mein pahunche. bahut cumm paise yaa kaushal key saath lui. inmein seey kaee ayrish 1845-1846 key mahaan akaal aur 1848 key asafal ayrish vidroh seey prerit they.
sent mein nativist bhavna mein vriddhi hui. 1840 key dashak key anta mein lui, 1844 mein sent luis vishvavidyalaya parr bheed key hamale aur aprail 1844 key chunaav mein praakritik nagrikon parr hamalon kaa kaaran banaa. haalaanki, praakritik nagrikon kii badhati sankhya key kaaran 1847,1848 aur 1849 mein aapravasiyon key samarthak loktaantrik mahapouron kaa chunaav huaa. isake bavjood, nativist bhaavanaon ney 1849 mein ack aur dange kaa kaaran banaa, jisamen nativist bheed ney apravasiyon aur unaki sampatti parr hamla kiya. 1852 mein hue teesare dange mein, german apravasiyon parr sollard bajar mein ack matdan sthal parr nativist whig party samarthakon parr hamla karane kaa aarop lagaaya gayaa thaa, whig party koo sent key ameer creol aur ayrish netaaon kaa samarthan praapt thaa. lui aur germans ney bhedbhaav key aarop lagaae they.
haalaanki, sent mein sabse buraa nativist danga. lui, joe 1854 mein huaa, ney aapravaasan virodhi aur gulami key mudde kii samasyaon koo jodaa. thomas haart benton, joe pahale misauri senator they, yuu key roop mein punah chunaav key liye daud rahey they.aiss. misauri key pahale congress jile key pratinidhi. benton loktaantrik party key ack thhos sadasya they aur unhein nae praakritik aur nimn-varg key germans aur ayrish dwara samarthit kiya gayaa thaa. unhone luther aim kaa saamana kiya. kennet, jinhone vighatit whig party (ameer sent sahit) kaa samarthan praapt kiya thaa. lui abhijaat varg) aur nativist kuchh bhee naheen jaanate hain. 7 agast, 1854 koo sent mein chunaav kaa dinn. lui, ack nativist bheed ney dakshin sent mein loktaantrik ayrish matdaataon aur ayrish sampatti parr hamla karna shuru curr diyaa. lui. ayrish ney vaapas ladanaa shuru curr diyaa, jaba danga nadee key kinare chalaa gayaa, jahan dock workers ney nativist bheed seey ladanaa shuru curr diyaa, joe aakar mein kaee hazaar taka badh gaee thee. ayrish aur dock key karmchari boarding houses mein peechhe hutt gaye, jiss samay nativists ney sent luis vishvavidyalaya aur german samachar patra karyalayon parr hamla karna shuru curr diyaa. sent. lui pulis vibhaag aur sthaaniya milicia ney antatah dangon koo shaant curr diyaa, halanki isase pahale kii 10 maare gaye, 33 ghayal hoe gaye aur 93 imaaraten kshatigrast hoe gaeen. chunaav parr niyam (jaise chunaav key dinn sailoon bund karna) 1856 aur 1858 mein bhavishya key chunaavon mein ladane seey rokte they.
sent. americi grihyuddh mein lui.
sainya roop seey, grihyuddh (1861-1865) mushkil seey sent koo chhoota haye. lui; iss kshetra mein kewal kuchh jhadapen huin jinamen sangh balon kii prabalata thee. lekin yuddh ney dakshin key saath vyaapaar koo bund curr diyaa, jisase shahar kii arthavyavastha barbad hoe gaee. misauri nammatra ack gulam raajya thaa, lekin isaki arthavyavastha gulami parr nirbhar naheen thee, aur yeh kabhi bhee sangh seey alag naheen huaa. little dixi" key kshetra aur kansas key saath seema yuddh key dauran vidroh aur gurilla gatividhi key liye ack aadhar they. raajya mein aise loga bhee they jinhone gulami kaa virodh kiya, jaisa kii 1846 mein swatantrata key ugravaadi shurveeron kii neenv key saath. sent mein shastragar. yuddh key dauran sangh key liye lohe seey dhake jahaajon key nirmaan key liye lui kaa upayog kiya gayaa thaa.

