
mahaan sent bernard dharamshala

grate sent bernard dharamshala (;;), jiska naam menthon key bernard key naam parr rakhaa gayaa haye, switzerland mein grate sent bernard paas mein yaatriyon key liye ack dharamshala aur chhatrawas haye. penin alps kii oonchaai parr, yeh itali kii seema seey kuchh sou meater uttar mein sthit haye. yeh valice key swiss canton mein burg-sent-piyare kii nagarpalika kaa hissa haye.
itihas.
pahala dharamshala yaa mathh 9veen shatabdi mein burg-sent-piyare mein banaaya gayaa thaa, jiska ullekh pahali baar 812-820 key aspas kiya gayaa thaa. yeh 10veen shatabdi key madhya mein sarasen akramanon dwara nasht curr diyaa gayaa thaa, shayed 940 mein, jiss tarikh koo unhone sant-mauris parr bhee kabja curr liya thaa. 1050 key aspas, menthan key sant bernard, aosta key archdecan, niyamit roop seey yaatriyon koo bhayabheet aur vyathit hotey hue aatey hue dekhate they, isaliye unhone kshetra mein pahaadi brigade koo samaapt karane kaa faisala kiya. ise dhyaan mein rakhate hue, unhone darre parr dharamshala kii sthaapana kii, jiska naam baad mein unake naam parr padaa (yeh mool roop seey sent nicolaus koo samarpit thaa). church kaa pahala paath 1125 key ack dastaavez mein haye. dharamshala koo saayan key bishap, prefect aur valice kii ginati key adhikaar kshetra mein rakhaa gayaa thaa, iss prakaar yeh samajhaaya gayaa kii puuraa paas abb swiss kshetra mein kyon haye.
sent. bernard kutta.
sent bernard kutte kii nasl koo dharamshala mein cross-breeding kutton seey banaaya gayaa thaa, joe shayed 1660 aur 1670 key dashak mein parivaar dwara pesh kiye gaye they. nasl kaa pahala nishchit ullekh 1709 mein haye. nasl koo mool roop seey dharamshala key liye rakshak kutton koo pradaan karane key liye uthaaya gayaa thaa, isase pahale kii way pahaadi bachaav kutte bunn jaaen. sent bernards koo vishesh roop seey paida kiya gayaa thaa aur pahaadi bachaav kii bhoomika key liye prashikshit kiya gayaa thaa kyonki way gahari burf key bahaav koo paar karane key liye paryaapt roop seey majboot they aur unamen gandh dwara khoye hue yaatriyon koo track karane kii kshamata thee. iss mathh mein kutton key upayog kaa pahala pramaan salvator rossa dwara 1690 mein banaae gaye dou chitron mein haye.
kutton koo aksar yaatriyon koo punarjeevit karane key liye apani gardan key chaaron or brandy kii ack chhoti see bottle leey jaane key roop mein chitrit kiya jaataa haye. halanki yeh aam taur parr 19veen shatabdi kaa mithak prateet hotaa haye, lekin jahir haye kii cumm seey cumm ack kutta aisaa thaa joe vaastav mein aisaa kartaa thaa. 1823 mein prakaashit thomas byrley dwara "dha persey encadotes" mein nimnalikhit upakhyan dikhaai detaa haye, aur aksar 19veen shatabdi kii anya pustakon mein uddhrit kiya gayaa thaah
bhikshuon dwara unaki sahaayata key liye kutton kii nasl rakhee jaati haye... isaki doordarshita aur nishtha key liye lambe samay seey manaaya jaataa rhaa haye. unamen seey sabhi sabse puraane aur sabse adhik aazamaae gaye koo haal hii mein kuchh durbhagyapurna yaatriyon key saath ack daldal key neeche dafnaya gayaa thaa; lekin teen yaa chaar ashawadi pille convent mein ghar parr reh gaye they, aur abhee bhee jeevit hain. joe loga abb naheen hain, unamen sabse prasiddh ack kutta thaa jise bairi kahaa jaataa thaa. iss janwar ney baarah saal taka aspatal kii seva kii, jiss dauran unhone chaalees logon kii zaan bachaai. unakaa utsaah athak thaa. jaba bhee pahaad kohra aur burf seey dhakaa huaa thaa, vaha khoye hue yaatriyon kii talash mein nickle padaa. vaha taba taka bhaunkane key aadee they jaba taka kii unaki saans naheen chully jaati thee, aur aksar sabse khatarnak sthaanon parr jaate they. jaba unhein pataa chalaa kii unaki taakat burf seey nikalane key liye aparyaapt thee, tou ack yatri thhand seey pareshan thaa, tou vaha bhikshuon kii talash mein aspatal vaapas bhaag jaataa....
jaba vriddhavastha ney unhein shakti seey vanchit curr diyaa, tou convent key poorv ney unhein puraskar key roop mein burney mein pension dee. unaki mrityu key baad, unaki chhipaai koo bharaa gayaa aur usa shahar key sangrahalaya mein jamaa curr diyaa gayaa. vaha chhota fiyaal, jisamen vaha pareshan yaatriyon key liye ack punarjeevit sharaab leey jaataa thaa, jise vaha pahaadon key beach paataa thaa, abhee bhee usaki gardan seey latka huaa haye.
kutton mein seey ack dwara antim baar 1955 mein bachaav kiya gayaa thaa, halanki 2004 key anta mein athaarah jaanvaron koo bhaavanaon aur parampara key karanon seey abhee bhee dharamshala mein rakhaa gayaa thaa. 2004 mein, kutton kaa prajanan martini mein bairi foundation dwara kiya gayaa thaa, aur shesh sent bernard koo dharamshala seey sthanantarit curr diyaa gayaa thaa. way ack paryatak aakarshan baney hue hain, aur garmiyon key maheenon key dauran kaee jaanvaron koo asthaayi roop seey martini seey dharamshala mein sthanantarit curr diyaa jaataa haye.
smaarak.
juuna 1800 mein, napolean bonapart ney luis desikes (marengo kii ladaai mein maare gaye) key liye dharamshala mein ack smaarak makbare key nirmaan kaa adesh diyaa, bhale hii desikes ney armi dee reserve key saath alps koo paar naheen kiya thaa. unakaa shareer 1800 seey 1805 taka milan mein aaraam kartaa thaa, jaba ise samrat kaa pratinidhitva karane vaale luis-alexandre berthier kii upasthiti mein dharamshala mein dafnaya gayaa thaa. vahaan ack smaarak smaarak sthaapit kiya gayaa thaa joe 1829 mein ack chappel mein sthaapit kiya gayaa thaa, taaki abb sant fostina koo samarpit ack vedi key neeche desikes gumnam hoe.
lokpriya sanskriti mein.
yeh mathh 1857 key charles decance upanyaas "little dorit" key ack adhyaay kii prishthabhoomi haye, jisamen kuchh thhande yatri aur unake khachchar raat bitaate hain, aur murdaghar mein kuchh jamey hue agyaat shavon seey tulanaa kii jaati haye, jinhen pitaa dwara pahaad seey baramad kiya gayaa thaa. bhikshuon dwara banaae gaye kutton aur kuchh baahari sharan sthalon kaa bhee ullekh kiya gayaa haye. decance ney usa sthaan kaa daura kiya aur 1846 mein murdaghar dekhaa, aur 6 sitambar 1846 koo apane dost aur jeevanikaar johnn forster koo likhe ack patra mein iska varnan kiya. swedish lekhak aur sudhaarak fredrick bremer ney bhee dharamshala kaa daura kiya, aur apane anubhav koo khand mein darj kiya. purani duniya mein jeevan" (angreji trance. mairi howitt, 1860).

