kishorlal mashruwala

kishorlal ghanshyamlal mashruwala (5 octuber 1890-9 sitambar 1952) ack bhaaratiya swatantrata karyakarta key saath-saath jeevanikaar, nibandhkar aur anuvaadak they. bombe aur aagara mein shikshit hocker unhone beee aur llb puuraa kiya. way mahatma gaandhi key sahayogi they aur unase bahut prabhaavit they. unhone shiksha, dharm aur darshan parr vyaapak roop seey likhaa aur saath hii kuchh karyon kaa gujaraati mein anuvaad kiya.
jeevani.
praarambhik jeevan.
mashruwala kaa janm 5 octuber 1890 koo bombe (abb mumbai) mein mashruwala parivaar mein huaa thaa. unakaa parivaar soorat kaa thaa. way apane pitaa key kaaran swaminarayan sampradaay seey prabhaavit they. unhone apani praathamik shiksha marathi bhasha mein akola mein shuru kii. jaba vaha aathh saal key they taba unaki maan kii mrityu hoe gaee thee, isaliye unakaa paalan-poshan unaki chaachi ney bombe mein kiya thaa, jahan unhone gujaraati mein adhyayan kiya thaa. bombe mein plaig key baad, vaha schooly shiksha key liye aagara chaley gaye, jahan unhone hindi aur urdu kaa bhee adhyayan kiya.
unhone 1909 mein willson college, bombe seey bhautik vigyaan aur rasayan vigyaan key vaikalpik vishayon key saath beee praapt kiya. unhone 1913 mein ell. ell. bee. puuraa kiya aur teen saal taka kaanoon kaa abhyaas kiya. unhone 1907 mein gomatiben seey shaadi kii.
carrier.
mashruwala ney kuchh samay key liye mahatma gaandhi key sachiv key roop mein kaary kiya thaa. unhone 1917 seey 1919 taka apane sabarmati ashram mein rashtriya vidyalaya mein padhaaya. unhone gujaraat vidyapeeth key pahale panjiyak key roop mein kaary kiya, jisaki sthaapana unhone kii thee. iss avadhi key dauran, unakaa parichay kaaka kalelkar dwara kedarnath jee seey karaaya gayaa thaa. way sahjanand swami, mahatma gaandhi aur kedarnath jee seey prabhaavit they. unhone bhaaratiya swatantrata andolan mein 1930-32 mein bhaag liya aur british adhikaariyon dwara dou saal taka kaid rahey. unhone 1934 seey 1938 taka gaandhi seva sangh key adhyaksh key roop mein kaary kiya. 1942 key bhaarat chhodo andolan key dauran gaandhi kii giraftari key baad, unhone gaandhi kii aavadhik "harijan" kaa prabandhan kiya. vaha phir seey kuchh samay key liye kaid hoe gayaa. 1946 key baad, unhone apani mrityu taka "harijan" kaa sampadan kiya.
damey key hamale key baad 9 sitambar 1952 koo unaki mrityu hoe gaee. agale dinn unakaa antim sanskar jamnalal bajaj key smaarak key buggle mein warda key gopuri mein kiya gayaa.
kaam kartaa haye.
jeevani.
mashruwala ney apani jeevani mein maanav tatvon parr prakaash daala haye jinamen "raam aney krishna" (raam aur krishna, 1923), "isu masih" (yeeshu masih, 1925), "buddh aney mahavir" (buddh aur mahavir, 1926) aur "sajnand swami" (sajnand swami, 1926) shamil hain. yeye ack saral aur prabhaavshaali bhasha mein likhe gaye hain.
nibandh.
mashruwala ney shiksha parr kuchh kritiyaan likhi theen jaise "kelwanina paaya" (1925), "kelwani vivek" (1949), "kelwani vikas" (1950). unhone shiksha mein kaee badalaav aur vichaaron kaa sujhaav diyaa thaa. unake kaary mahatma gaandhi kii buniyaadi shiksha yojana "naee taleem" koo darshaate hain.
saahitya mein unakaa sabse badaa yogdan dharm aur darshan parr unake nibandhon seey sambandhit haye. "jeevan shodhan" (1929) mein jeevan key badalate drishtikon parr dhyaan kendrit karane vaale chhah khand hain. "gandhivichardohan" (1932) gaandhi darshan parr unakaa kaam haye. "gitamanthan" (1933) "bhagwad geetaa" parr ack tippani haye. "stripurush maryada" (1937) ack dashak kii avadhi mein likhe gaye unake nibandhon koo ekatra kartaa haye aur isamen swaminarayan sampradaay kaa prabhaav haye. "kagdani najaare" (1947) gaandhi key anuyaayiyon parr unake vyangyaatmak nibandh hain. unaki "samuli kranti" (1948) mein dharm, samaaj, arthshastra, rajneeti aur shiksha parr unake mool vichaar aur tippaniyan shamil hain. unake dou khandon "sansar aney dharm" (1948) mein dharm parr unake aalochanatmak vichaar shamil hain. "gaandhi aney vivaad" (gaandhi aur saamyvaad/gaandhi aur marks, 1951) "harijan" mein prakaashit nibandhon kii shrinkhala kaa ack sangrah haye joe gandhiwad aur saamyvaad kii tulanaa kartaa haye. unake "ahinsa" (1942) mein ahinsa parr unake lekh shamil hain jinamen gaandhi seey kuchh matbhed hain.
anuvaad.
mashruwala ney gujaraati mein kaee kritiyon kaa anuvaad kiya haye, jinamen khaleel jibran kii "dha profet" kaa "hidayat velle" (1935), johnn morley kii "onn promise" kaa "satyamay jeevan" (1933), leo tolstoy kii "dha light shines inn dha dark" kaa "timirama prabha" (1936), mauris materlyn kii "dha life off dha white kii" kaa "yudhishthir jeevan" (1940) shamil hain. unhone gujaraati mein bhagwad geetaa kaa kavya roop seey "gitadhwani" (1933) key roop mein anuvaad bhee kiya haye. 1942 mein apane karawas key dauran, unhone perry berges 'joe akele chalati haye' kaa saha-anuvaad kaaka kalelkar key saath 'manvi khandiron' (1946) key roop mein kiya.
unake sahayogi narhari parikh ney apani jeevani "shreyarthini saadhana" (1953) likhi haye.

