
jilaa railway

metropolitan district railway, jise district railway key roop mein bhee jaanaa jaataa haye, ack yatri railway thee joe 1868 seey 1933 taka landan, ingland mein seva pradaan karati thee. 1864 mein landan mein railway terminals koo jodane vaali lines key ack "aantarik vritt" koo puuraa karane key liye sthaapit kiya gayaa thaa, line kaa pahala bhaag gais-prakaashit lakadi kii gaadiyon kaa upayog karke khola gayaa thaa. 1871 mein jilaa railway dwara apani trains kii shuruat karane taka mahanagariya railway ney sabhi sevaaon kaa sanchaalan kiya. railway koo jald hii earl key court key madhyam seey paschim kii or phulham, richmond, ealing aur haunsalo taka vistaarit kiya gayaa. 1884 mein aantarik vritt koo puuraa karane aur whitechappel taka pahunchane key baad, ise 1902 mein assex mein upminster taka badhaa diyaa gayaa thaa.
20veen shatabdi kii shuruat mein vidyuteekaran key vittaposhan key liye, americi vittaposhi charles yarkes ney ise apane niyantran mein leey liya aur ise landan (yuu. ee. aar. ell.) samooh kii apani bhoomigat vidyut railway company kaa hissa banaa diyaa. vidyut pranodan 1905 mein shuru kiya gayaa thaa, aur varsh key anta taka vidyut kaee ikaaiyon ney sabhi sevaaon kaa sanchaalan kiya. 1 julaai 1933 koo, jilaa railway aur anya yuu. aar. ell. railway koo landan yatri parivahan board banaane key liye mahanagariya railway aur rajdhani key tramway aur buss operators key saath vilay curr diyaa gayaa.
aaj, poorv jilaa railway patariyon aur stations kaa upayog landan bhoomigat jile, piccadilly aur circle lines dwara kiya jaataa haye.
itihas.
mool, 1863-1886.
aantarik vritt.
1863 mein, mahanagariya railway (jise mett key roop mein bhee jaanaa jaataa haye) ney duniya kaa pahala bhoomigat railway khola. line koo naee sadak key neeche paddington seey banaaya gayaa thaa, joe mukhya line railway terminus aur kings cross koo jodata haye. phir yeh shahar mein rajdhani key vittiya kendra key paas smithfield mein farringdon street parr ack station taka farringdon road kaa anusaran kartaa haye.
iss baithak kii shuruati safalata ney 1863 mein landan mein nae railway key liye sansad mein avedanon kii ack jhadee koo prerit kiya, jisamen seey kaee isi tarah key maargon key liye pratispardha curr rahey they. house off lords ney ack chayan samiti kii sthaapana kii jisane "railway key aantarik paripath kii sifarish kii, joe vaastav mein mahanagar mein lagbhag sabhi pramukh railway terminals seey judanaa chaahiye, yadi vaastav mein naheen. 1864 key sansadiya satra key liye, railway yojanaon koo prastut kiya gayaa joe vibhinn tarikon seey sifaarishon koo puuraa karati theen aur sansad key donon sadanon key sadasyon seey bunny ack sanyukt samiti ney vikalpon kii sameeksha kii.
paschim aur phir dakshin mein paddington seey dakshin kensington aur poorv mein moorgate seey tower hill taka vistaar karane key prastaavon koo sweekaar curr liya gayaa aur 29 julaai 1864 koo shaahi manjuri praapt hui. circuit koo puuraa karane key liye, samiti ney kensington aur shahar key beach vibhinn maargon key madhyam seey chalane key liye prastaavit dou yojanaon key ekikaran koo protsaahit kiya aur usee dinn "metropolitan district railway" key naam seey ack sanyukt prastaav parr sahamati bunny. shuru mein, jilaa aur nagar nigam nikatata seey judey hue they aur iska irada thaa kii way jald hii vilay curr lenge. baithak key adhyaksh aur teen anya nideshak jile key board mein they, johnn fouler donon companiyon key engineer they aur sabhi vistaaron key liye nirmaan karyon koo ack anubandh key roop mein diyaa gayaa thaa. jile koo ack alag company key roop mein sthaapit kiya gayaa thaa taaki swatantra roop seey dhana jutaaya jaa sakey.
mahanagar key vipareet, maarg maujooda sadakon key tahat ack aasaan sanrekhan kaa paalan naheen kartaa thaa aur bhoomi moolya adhik they, isaliye sampatti key liye muaavaje kaa bhugtan bahut adhik thaa. lord kensington sahit pramukh bhoomi maalikon ney railway company koo bhoomi key tukade betch diye. vayu sanchaar sunishchit karane key liye, glocester sadak key paschim kii line koo khule cutting mein leey jaaya gayaa thaa, baaki mukhya roop seey ack cutt aur cover surang mein chaudi aur gahari; stations parr munch key chhor khule chhod diye gaye they. nirmaan laagat aur muaavaje kaa bhugtan itna adhik thaa kii dakshin kensington seey westminster taka jile key pahale khand kii laagat £3 million thee, joe kii mool, lambi line kii laagat seey lagbhag teen gunaa adhik thee. 24 disambar 1868 koo, jile ney dakshin kensington seey westminster taka apani line kholi, jisamen dakshin kensington, sloane squire, victoria, sent james park aur westminster brij (abb westminster) station they, joe usee dinn brompton seey dakshin kensington mein ack saajha station taka poorv kii or faila huaa thaa.
jile koo brompton (glocester road) station seey paschim kii or vistaar karane kii sansadiya anumati bhee thee aur 12 aprail 1869 koo, isane paschim landan railway parr vahaan seey paschim brompton taka ack ekal track line kholi. koee madhyavarti station naheen they aur yeh seva shuru mein ack shuttle key roop mein sanchaalit hoti thee. 1869 kii garmiyon taka dakshin kensington aur brompton (glocester road) key beach aur kensington (hyee street) seey paschim brompton taka line key saath ack junction taka atirikt patariyan bichhaai gaee theen. 5 julaai 1870 kii raat key dauran jile ney gupt roop seey vivadaspad cromwell vakr kaa nirmaan kiya joe brompton (glocester road) aur kensington (hyee street) koo jodata haye. westminster key poorv mein, agala khand themus nadee key uttari tata parr metropolitan board off works dwara nirmit navanirmit victoria tatbandh mein chalaa. 30 maee 1870 koo westminster seey blackfreers taka line koo charring cross (abb tatbandh), mandir (abb mandir) aur blackfreers mein stations key saath khola gayaa thaa.
iss sansthaan ney shuru mein sabhi sevaaon kaa sanchaalan kiya, joe ack nishchit star kii seva key liye sakal praaptiyon kaa 55 pratishat praapt karati thee. jile seey kissy bhee atirikt train key liye shulk bhee liya jaataa thaa aur aaya mein jile kaa hissa lagbhag 40 pratishat taka gir jaataa thaa. jile key rinn key star kaa matlab thaa kii vilay abb baithak key liye aakarshak naheen thaa aur isake nideshakon ney jile key board seey istifa dey diyaa. apane vitt mein sudhaar key liye, jile ney parichaalan samjhaute koo samaapt karane key liye baithak kaa notice diyaa. uchch nirmaan laagat key bojh key tahat sangharsh karate hue, jilaa tower hill taka pahunchane key liye mool yojana koo jaari rakhane mein asamarth thaa aur blackfreers seey aage poorv mein haveli ghar mein ack poorv niyojit shahar key terminus taka apani line ack station kaa antim vistaar kiya.
shaniwar 1 julaai 1871 koo, ack udghaatan bhoj mein pradhaan mantri villium gladstone ney bhaag liya, joe ack sharedharak bhee they. agale somwar koo, haveli ghar khola gayaa aur jile ney apani trains chalaana shuru curr diyaa. iss tarikh seey, donon companiyon ney dakshin kensington aur ageware road key madhyam seey haveli ghar aur moorgate street key beach ack sanyukt "aantarik circle" seva sanchaalit kii joe harr duss minut mein chalati thee. ise haveli ghar aur paschim brompton key beach harr duss minut mein ack jilaa seva dwara poorak kiya gayaa thaa, aur hathauda aur shahar railway aur edgware road aur moorgate street key beach mahaan paschimi railway (gwr) upnagariya sevaaen. haveli key poorv mein railway key liye anumatiyon koo samaapt karane kii anumati dee gaee thee. line key dusare chhor parr, dakshin kensington station kaa jilaa bhaag 10 julaai 1871 koo khola gayaa aur earl kaa court station 30 octuber 1871 koo paschim brompton vistaar parr khola gayaa.
paschim seey putni brij, richmond, ealing aur haunsalo.
jilaa railway kaa mukhya vistaar paschim mein thaa. glocester road aur west brompton key beach earl key darbar mein ack chhota station, 31 octuber 1871 koo teen platforms key saath khola gayaa. 1872 mein khola gayaa lilly brij dipo, paschim landan sanyukt railway key samanantar banaaya gayaa thaa aur shuru mein paschim landan line parr ack vakr dwara pahuncha gayaa thaa. iss vakr ney 1 farwari 1872 seey, landan aur uttar paschimi railway (ell aind aine. doubleu. aar.) koo broad street seey haveli house taka, edison road aur earles court key madhyam seey aadhe ghante kii "baahari circle" seva chalaane kii anumati dee. 1 octuber 1872 seey, jee. doubleu. aar. ney mett key moorgate street station seey paddington aur earl key court key madhyam seey haveli ghar taka aadhe ghante kii "madhya vritt" seva bhee chalaai.
hathaude banaane key liye ack lambe railway key nirmaan kii anumati 7 julaai 1873 koo dee gaee thee, swatantra hathaude banaane vaale vistaar railway kaa gathan aavashyak poonji badhaane key liye kiya gayaa thaa. naee line vakr parr ack junction seey edison road taka shuru hui aur lilly brij dipo taka aasaan pahunch kii bhee anumati dee. yeh 9 sitambar 1874 koo uttar chhor (phulham) parr ack madhyavarti station (1877 mein iska naam badalkar paschim kensington curr diyaa gayaa) aur hathauda banaane vaale station parr ack terminus key saath khola gayaa, aur ise relgaadiyon key madhyam seey haveli ghar taka seva dee gaee. west brompton koo abb earl key darbar mein ack shuttle dwara seva dee gaee thee. earl kaa court station 1875 mein jall gayaa aur 1 farwari 1878 koo chaar patariyon aur dou dweep platforms key saath ack badaa pratisthaapan khola gayaa. yeh mool station key paschim mein sthit thaa; station key poorv mein ack udaan junction banaaya gayaa thaa taaki kensington (hyee street) aur glocester road seey yatayat koo alag kiya jaa sakey.
disambar 1876 mein, chhah trains prati ghante haveli ghar aur aldgate key beach "aantarik vritt" parr chalati theen. jile ney haveli seey hathaude banaane vaale taka prati ghante chaar trains sanchaalit keen. haveli ghar seey harr ghante dou jee. doubleu. aar. "madhya vritt" sevaayen edison road key madhyam seey ell. dee. gett key liye aur dou ell. aind. aine. doubleu. aar. sevaayen willsden junction key madhyam seey chaudi sadak key liye theen. west brompton aur earl key court key beach ack ghante mein teen sevaayen chalati theen.
1864 mein landan aur dakshin paschimi railway (ell aind aiss. doubleu. aar.) ney kensington aur richmond line key liye anumati praapt kii thee. paschim landan railway parr edison road seey uttar kii or jaane vaalaa maarg ack station parr (footbridge dwara hammersmith aur city railway station seey judaa huaa), turnham green, brentford road (1871 seey gunnersbury) aur kyu garden aur richmond mein hathaude banaane vaale koo seva dene key liye ghumaavdaar daur seey pahale. line 1 janwari 1869 koo kholi gaee, ell aind aiss. doubleu. aar. edison road key madhyam seey waterloo aur ludgate hill seey chalane vaali sevaaen, aur ell aind aine. doubleu. aar. brentford road seey north landan line taka ack link seey broad street seey richmond taka chalane vaali sevaaen. station shaftsbury road (1888 seey ravenscourt park) parr line parr khole gaye aur 1 maee 1874 koo shaferred busch.
1875 mein hammersmith key jilaa station seey ravenscourt park key thheek poorv mein ack junction taka ack link key liye anumati dee gaee thee. jaise hii ell aind aiss. doubleu. aar. line ack pull parr thee aur jilaa line ack katauti mein thee, line khadee hoe gaee. 1 juuna 1877 koo, hathauda banaane vaali shakha koo richmond taka badhaaya gayaa thaa, shuru mein ack train kii seva key saath ack ghante mein haveli ghar taka. mett aur jee. doubleu. aar. hammersmith aur city line key paas unake hammersmith station key thheek uttar mein ack link dwara pahunch thee aur 1 octuber 1877 seey ack seva koo richmond mein modd diyaa gayaa thaa.
1 maee 1878 seey 30 sitambar 1880 taka, midland railway ney dudding hill, acton aur ell aind swaar seey hathaude banaane vaale key madhyam seey earl key darbar taka ack paripatra seva sanchaalit kii. 1879 mein jile ney ell aind aiss. doubleu. aar. key turnham green station key paschim mein ack junction khola, joe ealing key liye ack line thee. acton green (abb chiswick park), mill hill park (abb acton town), ealing common aur ealing broadway parr stations key saath, ealing station gwr station key thheek uttar mein banaaya gayaa thaa. 4 julaai 1878 koo, west brompton shakha koo them taka badhaane kii anumati dee gaee thee. station walham green (abb phulham broadway), parsons green mein khole gaye. line putni brij aur phulham (abb putni brij) parr samaapt hui. usa varsh 22 march koo aayojit vishvavidyalaya nauka daud key liye samay parr, line 1 march 1880 koo kholi gaee. shuru mein yeh seva haveli ghar key liye ack ghante mein dou trains kii thee, 1 aprail seey hyee street kensington key liye ack ghante mein dou trains dwara poorak thee.
1866 mein, prastaavit acton aur brentford railway seey jodane key liye "haunsalo aur metropolitan railway" key liye haunsalo kshetra mein bhoomi maalikon koo anumati dee gaee thee. haalaanki, yeh kabhi naheen banaaya gayaa thaa, lekin abb acton mein jile key saath ack vikalp thaa. 1880 mein mill hill park station seey haunsalo bairak taka lagbhag railway key liye anumati dee gaee thee, jisamen dakshin ealing, boston road aur spring grove station they, aur line koo kaam karane key liye jile key liye samjhauta huaa thaa. 1 maee 1883 koo jile ney dakshin ealing, boston road (abb boston manore) aur austerley aur spring grove (austerley dwara pratisthaapit) koo bulaate hue haunsalo shahar key liye ack seva shuru kii. ack saal baad 1884 mein haunsalo shahar key paas junction seey haunsalo bairak (abb haunsalo west) taka ack ekal-track line kholi gaee. yatayat halka thaa aur haunsalo bairak shuru mein austerley aur spring grove key liye ack shuttle dwara parosa gayaa thaa joe ack off-peak haunsalo shahar seey mill hill park train seey judaa thaa. 1886 mein haunsalo town station bund hoe gayaa aur heston haunsalo station (abb haunsalo central) khola gayaa.
1 march 1883 seey 30 sitambar 1885 taka, ealing mein jee. doubleu. aar. patariyon key sampark key madhyam seey, jile ney windser key liye ack seva chalaai.
vistaar, 1874-1900.
vritt koo puuraa karein.
baithak aur jile key beach sangharsh aur nirmaan key kharch ney "aantarik vritt" key puuraa honey mein deree kii. 1874 mein, hatash shahar key vittaposhakon ney maarg koo samaapt karane key uddeshya seey "metropolitan inner circle completion railway company" kaa gathan kiya. company koo jilaa railway dwara samarthit kiya gayaa thaa aur 7 agast 1874 koo sansadiya pradhikaran praapt kiya gayaa thaa, lekin vitt poshan key saath sangharsh kiya. 1876 mein anumati praapt samay koo badhaaya gayaa thaa. 1877 mein jile aur mahanagariya key beach ack baithak aayojit kii gaee thee, abb yeh purvi landan railway (lr) key madhyam seey dakshin purvi railway (ser) taka pahunchane kii ichcha rakhta haye. donon companiyon ney 1879 mein vistaar aur lr key liye ack link key liye sansad key ack adhiniyam koo badhaava diyaa aur praapt kiya. iss adhiniyam ney donon companiyon koo poore dayare taka pahunch kii anumati dekar bhavishya mein sahyog sunishchit kiya. sadak aur seaver sudhaar key liye adhikaariyon dwara ack badaa yogdan diyaa gayaa thaa. 1882 mein mett ney apani line koo aldgate seey landan key tower mein ack asthaayi station taka badhaa diyaa. sanyukt lines key nirmaan key liye dou anubandh rakhe gaye they, ack 1882 mein haveli ghar seey tower taka aur doosara 1883 mein lr parr ack vakr key saath aldgate key uttar mein vritt seey whitechappel taka. 1 octuber 1884 seey jilaa aur mahanagariya ney iss vakr key madhyam seey sent mairi seey purvi landan railway parr sair key nae cross station taka sthaaniya sevaaen shuru keen. 17 sitambar koo ack aadhikarik udghaatan samaroh aur pareekshan key baad, ack paripatra seva somwar 6 octuber 1884 koo shuru hui. usee dinn jile ney whitechappel aur lr seey nae cross taka apani sevaaon kaa vistaar kiya, aldgate east aur sent mairi key nae sanyukt stations parr coll kiya. sanyukt station tope sadak, eastchap (1 navambar 1884 seey smaarak) aur maark laine parr circle line parr khole gaye. jilaa dwara station key liye tikat bechane seey incar karane key baad 12 octuber 1884 koo landan station kaa meats tower bund hoe gayaa. naee cross phore trains seey jilaa seva kholane key baad ack ghante mein baari-baari seey hathaude banaane vaali yaa patni taka chalati thee, lekin ack maheene key baad yatri maang cumm honey key kaaran yeh ghata curr dou trains mein ack ghante mein badal gaee. ack ghante mein chaar trains whitechappel seey, dou putni, ack hathauda banaane vaale aur ack richmond key liye jaati theen. madhya aur baahari circle sevaayen haveli ghar seey dou prati ghante kii darr seey kaam karna jaari rakhti theen. shuru mein "inner circle" seva prati ghante aathh trains theen, joe 81-84 minut mein paripath koo puuraa karati theen, lekin ise banaae rakhna asambhav saabit huaa aur 1885 mein 70 minut key samay key saath seva koo ghataakar chhah trains prati ghante curr diyaa gayaa thaa. shuru mein guards koo sitambar 1885 taka apani paali key dauran koee raahat avkash kii anumati naheen thee jaba unhein teen 20 minut key break kii anumati dee gaee thee.
dakshin seey wimbledon taka.
putni brij seey gildford, serbiton yaa wimbledon taka them koo paar karane key liye kaee yojanaon kaa prastaav rakhaa gayaa thaa aur sansad seey anumodan praapt huaa thaa, halanki jilaa aavashyak dhana jutaane mein asamarth thaa. 1886 mein ell aind aiss. doubleu. aar. ney inn yojanaon koo wimbledon aur phulham railway key saath badal diyaa joe wimbledon key paschim kii or shuru huaa aur jile key putni brij station seey milane key liye them koo paar curr rhaa thaa. line mein wimbledon park, southfields aur east putni mein madhyavarti station they aur ack junction line koo ell aind aiss. doubleu. aar. key waterloo seey purvi putni station key thheek uttar mein reeding line seey jodata thaa. jile key paas chalane key adhikaar they aur 3 juuna 1889 koo wimbledon key liye kuchh putni sevaaon kaa vistaar kiya gayaa.
poorv seey poorv haim.
1897 mein nammatra key roop mein swatantra whitechappel aur bow railway koo whitechappel mein jilaa railway seey landan, tilbury aur southand railway (ell. tii. aind aiss. aar.) taka, bromley station key paschim mein, bow mein ack jameen key oopar key junction parr ack link key liye anumati millie. agale varsh ell. tii. aind aiss. aar. aur jile ney sanyukt roop seey company koo apane niyantran mein leey liya aur 2 juuna 1902 koo stepany green, meal aind aur bow road parr nae stations key saath line kholi gaee. kuchh jilaa sevaaon koo whitechappel seey east haim taka badhaaya gayaa thaa aur pratyek subah aur shaam ack train upminster taka jaati thee. julaai 1902 mein chaar trains ack ghante mein bow road (2 seey 3 purvi haim seey) seey ealing yaa wimbledon taka chalati theen aur dou trains ack ghante mein naee cross seey hammersmith yaa richmond taka chalati theen. baahari vritt" haveli ghar seey chalata rhaa, GWR kaa "madhya vritt" 1900 seey earl key darbar mein shuru huaa thaa.
jile ney hairo aur euxbridge kii seva karane kii maang kii aur 1892 mein ealing seey roxeth (dakshin hairo) taka key maarg kaa sarvekshan kiya gayaa aur nammatra swatantra ealing aur dakshin hairo railway (ee aind sr) key naam parr ack bill prastut kiya gayaa. nirmaan 1897 mein shuru huaa aur 1899 key anta taka yeh kaafee hudd taka puuraa hoe gayaa thaa, lekin cumm yatayat kii sambhaavanaon key saath khula naheen rhaa. euxbridge taka pahunchane key liye dakshin haaro seey ruislip key madhyam seey ack line koo 1897 mein adhikrit kiya gayaa thaa. jile koo vitt badhaane mein samasyaaen theen aur mahanagar ney ack bachaav package kii peshkash kii thee jisake tahat way haaro seey rainer laine taka ack shakha kaa nirmaan karenge aur euxbridge taka line koo leey jaayenge, jisamen jile ney ack ghante mein teen trains taka chalane key adhikaar banaae rakhe hain. mahanagar ney euxbridge key liye railway kaa nirmaan kiya aur 4 julaai 1904 koo sevaaon koo chalaana shuru kiya.
vidyuteekaran, 1900-1906.
vikas.
20veen shatabdi kii shuruat mein jilaa aur mahanagariya railway koo naee, vidyut, gahare star kii tube lines seey madhya landan mein pratispardha kaa saamana karna padaa. shahar aur dakshin landan railway koo 1890 mein ack badee safalata millie thee jaba yeh khola gayaa thaa. 1900 mein shaferred busch seey shahar taka 2 dee key sapaat darr key saath kendriya landan railway key khulane key baad, jile aur mahanagar ney 1899 key dusare aadhe aur 1900 key dusare aadhe key beach milkar chaalees laakh yaatriyon koo khou diyaa. bhaap pranodan key upayog seey dhuein seey bharey station aur gaadiyan bunn gaeen joe yaatriyon key saath alokpriya theen aur vidyuteekaran koo aage badhane key raaste key roop mein dekhaa gayaa thaa. haalaanki, vidyut karshan abhee bhee apani praarambhik avastha mein thaa aur "aantarik vritt" key saajha swaamitva key kaaran mahanagariya key saath samjhaute kii aavashyakta hogi. chhah dibbon kii ack sanyukt swaamitva vaali train ney 1900 mein chhah maheene key liye earl key court seey hyee street kensington section mein ack prayogaatmak yatri seva safaltapurvak chalaai. nividaon kaa anurodh kiya gayaa aur 1901 mein ack mahanagariya aur jilaa sanyukt samiti ney overhead taaron key saath gaanj teen-charan assie pranali kii sifarish kii. shuru mein ise donon pakshon dwara sweekaar kiya gayaa thaa.
jile koo 1901 mein americi charles yercus key unnayan key vittaposhan key liye ack niveshak milaa. 15 julaai 1901 koo, yarkes ney mahanagar jilaa vidyut karshan company kii sthaapana kii, jisamen way khud prabandh nideshak they aur unhone vidyuteekaran key liye 10 laakh pound jutaaye, jisamen utpaadan station kaa nirmaan aur nae rolling stock kii aapoorti shamil thee. yarkes key paas jald hii jilaa railway kaa niyantran thaa aur sanyukt raajya america mein unake anubhavon ney unhein shahar aur dakshin landan railway aur madhya landan railway parr upayog kiye jaane vaale track star key conductor rail key saath dc kaa paksh liya. vyaapaar mandal dwara madhyasthata key baad, dee. see. pranali koo apanaaya gayaa.
jile koo earl key court aur haveli ghar key beach upa-satah rekha key neeche ack gahari-stariya tube key liye anumati thee aur 1898 mein dakshin kensington seey piccadilly circus taka ack tube key liye pradhikaran key saath brompton aur piccadilly circus railway kharida gayaa thaa. inn yojanaon koo mahaan uttari aur strand railway key saath jodaa gayaa thaa, ack tube railway jise strand seey lakadi key harey rung taka ack line banaane kii anumati thee, taaki mahaan uttari, piccadilly aur brompton railway (gnp aind br) banaaya jaa sakey. dakshin kensington seey haveli ghar taka jile kii gahari-stariya tube key hisse koo yojanaon seey hataa diyaa gayaa thaa. aprail 1902 mein, inn companiyon koo niyantrit karane aur niyojit karyon kaa prabandhan karane key liye, landan (yuu. ee. aar. ell.) kii bhoomigat vidyut railway company kii sthaapana kii gaee thee, jisake adhyaksh yarkes they. 8 juuna 1902 koo, yuu. aar. ell. ney karshan company koo apane niyantran mein leey liya aur company key sharedharakon koo nakad aur yuu. aar. ell. sheyaron key saath bhugtan curr diyaa.
yuu. aar. ell. ney ack badaa bijli station banaaya joe jilaa lines aur bhoomigat lines key liye bijli pradaan karane mein saksham hoga. 1902 mein lots road parr, chelsey creak dwara kaam shuru huaa aur farwari 1905 mein lots road power station ney 11 kevi heartz parr bijli paida karna shuru kiya, jise uchch voltage kebalon dwara substations taka pahunchaaya gayaa, joe ise lagbhag 550vee dc mein badal diyaa.
jaba bijli station kaa nirmaan kiya jaa rhaa thaa, taba jile ney ealing seey hero line kaa vidyuteekaran kiya joe abhee taka naheen khuli thee. yeh track circuit aur vaayaviya semaphore sanketon kaa upayog karke swachaalit signalling seey lais thaa, aur dou saat kaar trains key saath pareekshan chalaae gaye they. agast 1903 mein, 420 kaaron key liye ack adesh diyaa gayaa thaa aur mill hill park (abb acton shahar) key paschim mein ack nayaa rakharkhaav dipo banaaya gayaa thaa.
parikshanon key baad, dakshin haaro kii line juuna 1903 mein 23 juuna seey usa varsh key shaahi krishi show key liye royal aind twiford abby (abb park royal) koo park karane key liye ack shuttle key saath kholi gaee. uttar ealing, park royal aind twiford abby, perivel-alperton (abb alperton), sudbury town, sudbury hill aur south hairo mein stations key saath dakshin hairo key liye baaki line agale saptah 28 juuna koo kholi gaee.
bijli sevaayen.
bijli kii sevaayen 13 juuna 1905 koo haunsalo aur south acton key beach shuru huin, pahali baar yatri seva key liye mill hill park seey south acton taka kii line kaa upayog kiya gayaa. haunsalo town station koo phir seey khol diyaa gayaa, ack nae ekal track vakr kaa upayog karke haunsalo bairakon koo jaari rakhane seey pahale station parr trains palat rahee theen. 1 julaai 1905 koo electric trains ealing seey whitechappel taka chalane lageen, aur usee dinn mahanagariya aur jilaa railway donon ney "aantarik vritt" parr electric ikaaiyon kii shuruat kii."halanki, ack mahanagariya bahu ikai ney jilaa railway parr sakaratmak vartamaan rail koo palat diyaa, aur jaanch mein metro trains aur jilaa railway track parr jootaa-gear lagaane key tareeke key beach ack asangatata dikhaai dee, aur metro trains koo jilaa lines seey vaapas leey liya gayaa. sanshodhan key baad meat vaapas aaa gayaa aur 24 sitambar koo electric trains ney chakkar key aspas yatra key samay koo sattar seey ghataakar pachas minut curr diyaa. sitambar taka, bijli rahit purvi landan line aur purvi haim key poorv mein sevaaon koo vaapas lene key baad, jile mein shesh sabhi maargon parr bijli sevaaen chala rahee theen. disambar 1905 seey ell aind aine. doubleu. aar. seva koo bijli key injanon dwara haveli ghar seey earl key darbar taka kheencha gayaa thaa, jahan ack ell aind aine. doubleu. aar. bhaap injan ney apana karyabhar sambhala thaa.
1907 mein saptah key dinn off-peak seva purvi haim seey ealing broadway taka prati ghante chaar trains, haveli ghar seey baari-baari seey richmond aur wimbledon taka chaar prati ghante aur wimbledon seey hyee street kensington aur ealing broadway seey whitechappel taka dou prati ghante thee. prati ghante chaar trains putni brij seey earl key court taka chalati theen, dou hyee street kensington taka chalati theen. south hairo seey mill hill park key liye prati ghante dou trains theen, aur haunsalo bairak seey mill hill park key liye prati ghante chaar trains theen, jinamen seey dou dakshin acton taka jaari theen.
iss beach, yuu. aar. ell. kaa jee. aine. pee. aur bee. aar. tube railway nirmanadhin thaa, joe paschim kensington key paschim mein satah parr thaa aur jile key hathauda station key uttar kii or dou terminal platforms mein pravesh curr rhaa thaa. ack nayaa station, bairan court, dou dweep platforms key saath banaaya gayaa thaa, pratyek railway key liye ack. choonki jile key mill hill park mein sthanantarit honey key baad lilly brij dipo mein jagah thee, isaliye gnp aind br ney apane dipo key liye site kaa hissa leey liya. bairan court 9 octuber 1905 koo khola gayaa aur tube railway 15 disambar 1906 koo piccadilly line key roop mein khola gayaa.
landan bhoomigat, 1908-1933.
ack vidyut railway chalaana.
1908 mein yuu. aar. ell. aur landan mein anya bhoomigat railway companiyan ack sanyukt vipanan vyavastha mein aaeen jisamen maanchitra, sanyukt prachaar aur sanyukt tikat shamil they. madhya landan mein stations key baahar uda sanketon kaa upayog kiya gayaa thaa. yuu. aar. ell. ney antatah landan mein waterloo aur city railway, mahanagariya railway aur isaki sahayak grate northern aur city railway koo chhodkar sabhi bhoomigat railway koo niyantrit kiya, aur ack laal disk aur ack neeli patti key saath station naam board pesh kiye.
'disambar 1907 mein jile mein 'none-stop' kaam shuru kiya gayaa thaa. aamtaur parr kuchh stations koo chhod diyaa gayaa thaa; trains koo none stop yaa sabhi stations koo upayukt key roop mein chihnit kiya gayaa thaa aur stations key buggle mein panel soochibaddh they kii train chhod degi. bow road station key poorv mein jile ney patariyon koo bhaap injanon key saath saajha kiya aur purvi haim taka railway koo chauda karna aavashyak maanaa jaataa thaa. chaar patariyan bichhaai gaeen aur dou vidyuteekrit kiye gaye, jahan tilbury aur upminster maarg alag hoe gaye. 1 aprail 1908 koo jilaa trains koo bhaunkane taka badhaaya gayaa aur julaai 1908 mein kaam kaafee hudd taka puuraa hoe gayaa. 2 maee 1909 key baad station bund honey aur seedhe maarg parr ack nayaa haunsalo town station khole jaane key baad haunsalo shahar mein trains vaapas naheen aaeen.
1904 key baad seey, jaba jile ney yeh soochit kiya kii vaha bhaap trains key saath euxbridge line parr apane chalane key adhikaaron kaa upayog naheen karega, tou usane sevaaen naheen chalaai theen, halanki usane saksham adhiniyam key tahat prati varsh £2,000 kaa bhugtan kiya thaa. jaba jile ney rainer laine taka chalane kaa sujhaav diyaa, tou baithak ney station koo jilaa terminus key roop mein punarnirmaan key prastaav key saath pratikriya dee. 1 march 1910 koo jilaa sevaaon koo euxbridge taka vistaarit karane seey pahale traction current key liye shulk key baare mein baatchit key liye jile ney euxbridge key madhyam seey chalane vaali trains kaa prastaav rakhaa. 1910 mein mill hill park mein haunsalo aur euxbridge shuttle key liye ack munch banaaya gayaa thaa aur station key uttar mein ack flying junction banaaya gayaa thaa taaki ealing aur haunsalo yatayat koo alag kiya jaa sakey. 1 march 1910 koo station kaa naam badalkar acton town curr diyaa gayaa.
turnham green aur ravenscourt park key beach jile ney ell aind aiss. doubleu. aar. bhaap trains key saath patariyon koo saajha kiya, joe richmond seey ladbroke grove aur midland koyla trains key liye ack jee. doubleu. aar. bhaap seva haye. jilaa aur ell aind aiss. doubleu. aar. ney jile key ekmatra upayog key liye ack jodee kii anumati dene aur stamford brook mein jilaa patariyon parr ack station banaane key liye patariyon koo chaar gunaa karane parr sahamati vyakt kii. line kaa pahali baar 3 disambar 1911 koo upayog kiya gayaa thaa aur 1 farwari 1912 koo stamford brook khola gayaa thaa. haalaanki, jee. doubleu. aar. ney pahale hii apani seva vaapas leey lii thee aur ell aind aiss. doubleu. aar. koo 1916 mein vaapas lena thaa. earl key darbar key paschim mein richmond aur hathauda maargon koo alag karane vaalaa ack udaan junction janwari 1914 mein khola gayaa thaa.
1910 seey 1939 taka relgaadiyon mein ealing broadway seey laker southend yaa schubriness taka chalati thee, jise jile key electric injanon dwara bhaunkane key liye kheencha jaataa thaa, jinaki abb ell aind aine. doubleu. aar. kii baahari circle seva key liye aavashyakta naheen thee, phir bhaap injan dwara kheencha jaataa thaa. 1912 seey pratidhaaran shauchalayon key saath sailoon dibbon key dou vishesh roop seey nirmit seton kaa upayog kiya gayaa thaa. 1920 key dashak mein off-peak saptah key dinn seva wimbledon aur ealing seey harr duss minut mein aur richmond seey harr pandrah minut mein ack train thee. putni brij seey hyee street kensington taka prati ghante chhah trains chalati theen. haunslo seey trains harr 6-8 minut mein nikalati hain, acton shahar yaa south acton mein samaapt hoti hain. chhah trains prati ghante dakshin haaro key liye hathaude banaane vaali chhodin, teen euxbridge taka jaari raheen. 1925 mein "inner circle" seva pratyek disha mein prati ghante duss trains theen, lekin seva kii iss aavritti ney samasyaon kaa kaaran banaa. aathh taka kii kamee kensinton hyee street seey ageware road section taka bahut cumm trains key saath chhod degi. haalaanki, mahanagar ney haal hii mein ise chaar platforms key saath ack tube too kilburn key liye ack parityakt yojana key hisse key roop mein punarnirmit kiya thaa. jile ney apani patni koo uchch sadak seva seey edgware road taka badhaaya aur mahanagar ney prati ghante aathh trains kii aavritti parr sabhi "aantarik circle" trains pradaan keen.
1923 mein landan, midland aur scotish railway koo viraasat mein iss line koo bhaunkane key liye milaa thaa, aur 1929 mein upminster key liye line koo chaar gunaa karane aur jile dwara upayog key liye patariyon kii ack jodee kaa vidyuteekaran karane kaa prastaav rakhaa gayaa thaa. 12 sitambar 1932 koo apani aur heathway (abb deggenham heathway) mein nae stations key saath sevaayen shuru huin, jisamen kewal jilaa patariyon parr platform they.
piccadilly line kaa vistaar.
navambar 1912 mein ack bill prakaashit kiya gayaa thaa jisamen ell aind aiss. doubleu. aar. kii richmond shakha patariyon seey judane key liye hathaude banaane vaale seey paschim kii or piccadilly tube patariyon kaa vistaar karane kii yojana shamil thee. yeh vidheyak 15 agast 1913 koo "landan electric railway act, 1913" key roop mein paarit kiya gayaa, halanki pratham vishva yuddh key aagaman ney vistaar parr kaam karane seey roque diyaa.
1926 mein hathaude banaane vaale seey charhare track koo acton shahar key paschim taka vistaarit karane key liye shaktiyon kaa navinikaran kiya gayaa thaa, jisamen bheetari jodee parr binaa ruke chalane vaale piccadilly kii avadharana thee. prastaavit seva vibhajan, jisamen pikkadili hairo aur haunsalo taka jaati haye, 1929 taka spasht kiya gayaa thaa. jilaa sevaaen mukhya roop seey wimbledon, richmond, haunsalo aur ealing taka chalati theen, jisamen south hairo seey euxbridge aur acton shahar seey south acton taka shuttle hotey they.
1929 key "vikas (rinn guaranti aur anudan) adhiniyam" dwara vitt kii guaranti key saath, nirmaan 1930 mein shuru huaa. turnham green key paschim seey haunsalo shakha parr northfields taka dou atirikt patariyon kaa nirmaan kiya gayaa thaa. turnham green key poorv mein richmond seey kensington taka poorv kii or jaane vaali koyla trains key liye ack maal dhulai loop banaaya gayaa thaa. acton shahar koo paanch platforms key saath punarnirmit kiya gayaa thaa, aur northfields station key paschim mein ack dipo banaaya gayaa thaa.
kaee stations koo charles holden dwara prabhaavit yaa design kii gaee adhuniktawadi shally mein punarnirmit kiya gayaa thaa, joe mukhya bhoomi europe mein adhuniktawadi vastukala key udaharanon seey prerit they. iss prabhaav koo urdhvaadhar aur kshaitij roopon mein dekhaa jaa sakata haye, jinhen eent jaisi paaramparik samagriyon key upayog key saath jodaa gayaa thaa. holden ney unhein 'concreet key dhakkan vaale eent key dibbe' kahaa. aaj, inmein seey kaee holden-design kiye gaye station soochibaddh imaraton mein hain, jinamen grade II * key roop mein soochibaddh prototype sudbury shahar bhee shamil haye.
4 julaai 1932 koo acton shahar seey dakshin hairo taka jilaa seva vaapas leey lii gaee aur teen mein seey ack piccadilly train koo hathaude banaane vaale seey dakshin hairo taka badhaaya gayaa, jilaa dakshin hairo seey euxbridge taka ack shuttle chalaata rhaa. 18 disambar 1932 koo northfields key liye sabhi chaar patariyan khuleen aur 9 janwari 1933 seey piccadilly trains northfields key liye chalane lageen, joe 13 march 1933 seey paschim kii or chalati raheen. jilaa trains dakshin acton seey ack shuttle key saath off-peak key liye chalati raheen.
landan yatri parivahan board, 1933.
1912 seey uchch laabhdaayak landan general omnibus company (ell. jee. oh. see.) key yuu. aar. ell. key swaamitva ney yuu. aar. ell. samooh koo, rajaswa key pooling key madhyam seey, cumm laabhdaayak railway koo subsidy dene key liye buss company seey laabh kaa upayog karane mein saksham banaaya thaa. haalaanki, 1920 key dashak kii shuruat mein kaee chhoti buss companiyon seey pratispardha ney ell. jee. oh. see. kii laabhpradata koo cumm curr diyaa aur samooh kii laabhpradata parr nakaratmak prabhaav daala.
yuu. aar. ell. samooh kii aaya kii raksha key liye, isake adhyaksh lord ashfield ney landan kshetra mein parivahan sevaaon key viniyaman key liye sarkaar kii pairavi kii. 1923 mein shuru hocker, iss disha mein vidhaayi pahalon kii ack shrinkhala kii gaee, jisamen ashfield aur laber landan county paarshad (baad mein saansad aur parivahan mantri) herbert maurison, viniyaman aur saarvajanik niyantran key star key roop mein bahason mein sabse aage they, jisake tahat parivahan sevaaon koo laaya jaanaa chaahiye. ashfield kaa uddeshya viniyaman haye joe yuu. aar. ell. samooh koo pratispardha seey suraksha dega aur ise ell. see. see. kii traum pranali kaa niyantran lene kii anumati dega; maurison ney poorna saarvajanik swaamitva koo prathamikta dee. saat saal kii galat shuruat key baad, 1930 key anta mein landan yatri parivahan board (ell. pee. tii. bee.) key gathan key liye ack vidheyak kii ghoshana kii gaee, ack saarvajanik nigam joe yuu. ee. aar. ell., mahanagariya railway aur sabhi buss aur traum operators kaa niyantran legaa. board ack samjhauta thaa-saarvajanik swaamitva lekin poorna rashtriyakaran naheen-aur 1933 mein astitva mein aaya. iss tarikh koo, jile kii sampatti aur anya bhoomigat companiyon kaa swaamitva ell. pee. tii. bee. koo hastaantarit curr diyaa gayaa.
viraasat.
railway landan parivahan kii jilaa line bunn gaee. 23 octuber 1933 seey ack piccadilly line seva ney haaro seey euxbridge jilaa shuttle koo badal diyaa. 1923 mein landan, midland aur scotish railway (ell. aim. aiss.) ney earl key court seey ell. aind aine. doubleu. aar. railway kii baahari circle seva koo apane haath mein leey liya thaa aur dusare vishva yuddh taka ise willsden junction shuttle key liye ack vidyuteekrit earl key court mein vaapas curr diyaa gayaa thaa. 1940 mein paschimi landan line parr bambari key baad ell. aim. aiss. aur edison road key liye metropolitan line sevaaon donon koo nilambit curr diyaa gayaa thaa. yuddh key baad, kensington pradarshani holl kii seva key liye ack jilaa line shuttle seva earl key court seey edison road taka shuru hui, jiska naam abb kensington olympia rakhaa gayaa haye.
off-peak district haunsalo branch shuttle koo dakshin acton key liye 29 aprail 1935 koo bund curr diyaa gayaa thaa aur ack acton town seey dakshin acton shuttle dwara pratisthaapit kiya gayaa thaa. iss shuttle koo 28 farwari 1959 koo vaapas leey liya gayaa thaa, aur nau octuber 1964 koo hounslow key liye seva key madhyam seey peak aavar district line koo vaapas leey liya gayaa thaa. 1970 key dashak mein hounslow shakha heathrow shakha bunn gaee jaba ise heathrow havaai adde kii seva key liye vistaarit kiya gayaa thaa, pahale 19 julaai 1975 koo hatton cross kii seva key liye aur phir 16 disambar 1977 koo jaba heathrow central khola gayaa. baad mein 27 march 2008 koo shakha koo heathrow terminal 5 taka badhaa diyaa gayaa.
rolling stock.
bhaap injan.
jaba 1871 mein jilaa railway koo apane swayam key injanon kii aavashyakta thee, tou unhone bayer morr seey chaubis sanghanan bhaap injanon kaa adesh diyaa, joe ack varg key injanon key samaan thaa joe metropolitan railway maarg parr upayog curr rhaa thaa. choonki way ack bhoomigat railway key liye they, isaliye injanon mein taxi naheen thee, lekin peechhe kii or jhukane vaale sheersh key saath ack mausam board thaa. bunker koo pahale chalaane parr suraksha pradaan karane key liye bunker kii pichhali plate koo uthaaya gayaa thaa. kull 54 injan khareede gaye. way 1905 mein bhee seva mein they jaba line kaa vidyuteekaran kiya gayaa thaa, aur agale varsh chhah koo chhodkar sabhi koo betch diyaa gayaa thaa.
vidyut injan.
1905 mein jile ney duss bogi boxes cab injan khareede joe unaki kaee ikaaiyon key samaan dikhate they lekin kewal lambe they. way mahanagar samaamelit gaadi aur vaigan company dwara nirmit they aur adhikansh key ack chhor parr ack hii cab thee. natijatan, way jode mein sanchaalit kiye gaye they, joe baahari chhor parr taxi key saath vaapas vaapas jode gaye they.
injanon kaa upayog earl key court aur haveli house key beach "baahari vritt" maarg key vidyuteekrit khand parr ell aind aine. doubleu. aar. yatri trains koo dhone key liye kiya jaataa thaa. disambar 1908 key baad yeye sevaaen earl kii adalat mein samaapt hoe gaeen. inn injanon kaa upayog jilaa trains koo dhone key liye kiya jaataa thaa, ack chaar trailer kaaron key reck key pratyek chhor parr jodaa jaataa thaa. 1910 seey injanon kaa upayog landan, tilbury aur dakshin railway (ell. tii. aind. aiss. aar.) trains parr kiya gayaa thaa, joe jilaa line parr faili hui theen, joe bhaunkane parr bhaap injanon seey leey jaati theen.
gaadiyan.
bhaap kii gaadiyan chaar pahiyon vaali theen, joe buffers key oopar lambi theen. pratham, dwiteeya aur tritiya shreni key dibbe upalabdh they. pratham shreni kii gaadiyon mein chaar dibbe they, anya mein paanch dibbe they. shuru mein chhat parr thailon mein rakhee koyla gais koo jalaakar prakaash pradaan kiya gayaa thaa, baad mein ack dabaav tail gais pranali dwara. pahale tou unhein chain break seey susajjit kiya gayaa thaa. ise saral westinghouse break aur phir poori tarah seey swachaalit westinghouse break dwara pratisthaapit kiya gayaa thaa.
shuru mein trains aathh dibbon seey bunny theen, lekin 1879 key baad nau maanak bunn gaeen. 1905 key anta mein jile ney 395 dibbon koo bijli kii kaee ikaaiyon seey badal diyaa. kent aur east sussex railway mein ack sanrakshit gaadi koo jilaa railway pratham shreni maanaa jaataa thaa, lekin abb maanaa jaataa haye kii yeh ack cutdown metropolitan railway aathh pahiya honey kii sambhavana haye.
vidyut bahu ikaaiyaan.
1903 mein jile ney ealing aur south hairo key beach apani khuli hui line parr alag-alag niyantran aur break system key saath dou saat-kaar trains kaa pareekshan kiya. kaar taka pahunch platforms dwara thee, jinake siron parr jaalidaar dwaar they aur kaar key kinaaron parr haath seey sanchaalit sliding darwaaje they. baad mein kuchh trailer kaaron mein driving niyantran lagaae gaye aur dou aur teen kaar trains mill hill park seey haunsalo aur south hairo aur baad mein euxbridge taka sanchaalit huin jaba taka kii 1925 mein unhein vaapas naheen leey liya gayaa.
jilaa railway ney 1903 mein 60 x 7-kaar electric trains kaa adesh diyaa. vaahanon kaa ack tihai ingland mein banaaya gayaa thaa, baaki belgium aur france mein aur bijli key upkaran ealing samanya karyon mein aaney parr sthaapit kiye gaye they. pravesh sliding darvaajon, kendra mein dohare darvaajon aur donon chhoron parr ekal darvaajon seey thaa. pratham aur tritiya shreni key awas khule sailoon mein bijli kii roshni key saath pradaan kiye gaye they. seeten teesari shreni mein rattan aur pahali shreni mein alishan seey dhaki hui theen. 1906 seey maanak gathan chhah kaaren theen, jisamen motor aur trailer kaaron kii samaan sankhya dou yaa chaar kaar sanrachanaon mein chalati thee. 1910 taka jile koo atirikt rolling stock kii aavashyakta thee aur badey paimaane parr steel seey nirmit kaaron kaa adesh diyaa gayaa thaa. pahala batch 1911 mein aaya, usake baad 1912 mein ack alag nirmaata seey lekin ack samaan design mein. aage kii kaaren 1914 mein pahale key designs parr clarestory chhat key bajaay ack andakar chhat key saath aaeen. 1920 mein jile ney naee kaaron kii delivery lii, joe maujooda bede key saath asangat thee, jisamen pratyek taraf teen haath seey sanchaalit dohare sliding darwaaje they.
1923 mein pachas motor kaar nikaayon koo kuchh mool 1904-05 kaar nikaayon koo hataane kii anumati dene kaa adesh diyaa gayaa thaa. 1926 seey dou stock pool banaae gaye. mukhya line trains kaa gathan 101 naee motor kaaron seey kiya gayaa thaa, joe mool roop seey 1910-14 aur 1923 mein nirmit steel boddy vaali kaaron seey punarnirmit motor kaaron dwara poorak theen, aur trailer mool lakadi kii boddy vaali kaaron seey sanshodhit they. ack chhote seey aparivartit 'sthaaniya stock' key pool ney acton shahar seey laker dakshin acton, dakshin hairo aur haunsalo taka shuttles koo kaam diyaa.
1932 mein upminster key liye line kaa vidyuteekaran kiya gayaa aur nae vaahan khareede gaye. jilaa railway key landan bhoomigat kaa hissa banane key baad, isi tarah kii kaaron koo metropolitan line koo bhaunkane taka badhaane aur teji seey bigadate mool lakadi key trailers mein seey kuchh koo badalane kaa adesh diyaa gayaa thaa. 1935-40 nae kaary karyakram mein adhikansh jilaa line stock key liye vidyut-vayu-sanchaalit break aur havaa seey sanchaalit darwaaje lagaae gaye aur shesh lakadi kii kaaron koo hataane kii anumati dee gaee. kaee motor kaaren roopaantaran key liye upayukt naheen theen aur isaliye kuchh trains ney apane haath seey kaam kiye gaye darvaajon koo banaae rakhaa aur yeye 1957 taka chalati raheen.
 1923 mein nirmit ack driving motor kaar landan parivahan sangrahalaya mein covent garden mein ack sthir pradarshani haye.

