
bohemian mukut kii bhoomi

madhya europe mein madhyayugeen aur praarambhik aadhunik kaal key dauran bohemian raajaon key prati samanti daayitvon key saath bohemian taaj kii bhoomi raajya they. taaj bhoomi mein mukhya roop seey bohemia kaa raajya, 1356 key sunhare bail key anusaar pavitra roman samrajya kaa ack nirvaachak mandal, moravia kaa margarevet, sileshiya key duchy aur dou lucesia, jinhen oopari lucesia kaa margarevet aur nichale lucesia kaa margarevet key roop mein jaanaa jaataa haye, key saath-saath isake poore itihas mein anya kshetra shamil they. bohemian raajaon key shasson key tahat nammatra key roop mein raajyon key iss samooh koo kewal bohemia key roop mein sandarbhit kiya jaataa thaa. abb unhein kabhi-kabhi chhatravritti mein check bhoomi key roop mein sandarbhit kiya jaataa haye, joe check sankshipt naam kaa seedha anuvaad haye.
corona regni bohemia" kaa sanyukt shasson kanuni roop seey 7 aprail 1348 koo raajaa charles chaturth key farman dwara jaari kiya gayaa thaa, joe 1306 taka premislid rajvansh dwara shaasit mool check bhoomi kii neenv parr thaa. kshetron koo jodkar, taaj bhoomi kaa paraspar sambandh iss prakaar kissy raajaa yaa rajvansh seey sambandhit naheen thaa, balki bohemian rajshahi seey sambandhit thaa, joe sant vencellas key mukut dwara prateek thaa. 1526 seey raajaa ferdinand pratham key shasankal key dauran, bohemian taaj kii bhoomi habsberg rajshahi kaa ack ghatak hissa bunn gaee. 18veen shatabdi key madhya mein sileshiya kaa ack badaa hissa khou gayaa thaa, lekin baaki bhoomi austriyai samrajya aur austriya-hangri key syslathanian aadhe hisse mein chully gaee. 1918 mein chekoslovak kii swatantrata kii ghoshana seey, shesh check bhoomi pahale chekoslovak ganarajya kaa hissa bunn gaee.
bohemian mukut naa tou ack vyaktigat sangh thaa aur naa hii samaan sadasyon kaa sangh thaa. balki, bohemia raajya koo anya nigamit ghatak deshon kii tulanaa mein uchch darja praapt thaa. bohemian taaj key kewal kuchh samanya raajya sansthaan they joe 18veen shatabdi mein raani maria theresa key tahat habsberg rajshahi key kendrikaran seey butch naheen sakey. unamen seey sabse mahatvapurna bohemian darbar kaa kuladhipati thaa jise 1749 mein austriyai kuladhipati key saath jodaa gayaa thaa.
naam.
bohemian mukut () kii bhoomi koo "zeme koruni české" yaa buss "koruna česká" (bohemia yaa bohemian mukut kaa mukut) aur "české zemé" (i.ee. check bhoomi), check visheshan "českı" "bohemian" aur "check" donon kaa ullekh kartaa haye. german shabd "lender dair bomission crone" koo isi tarah "bomishe crone" yaa "bomishe cronlander" key roop mein chhota kiya gayaa haye. deshi naamon mein shamil hain, aur. sant vencellas key mukut kii niroopit bhoomi ("zeme koruni swatovaklavsk") sant vencellas key mukut koo sandarbhit karati haye, joe bohemian raajaon key raaj-mandal kaa hissa haye.
itihas.
premislids.
10veen aur 11veen shatabdi mein, bohemia key duchy, moravia (1182 seey moravia kaa margarevet), aur clodzco bhoomi koo sattaaroodh premislid rajvansh key tahat samekit kiya gayaa thaa.
bohemia key duke ottokar pratham ney apane samarthan key liye 1198 mein german (virodhi)-swabia key raajaa phillip seey bohemia key duchy koo vanshaanugat shaahi upaadhi praapt kii. upaadhi key saath, phillip ney duchy koo bohemia key raajya key pada taka bhee badhaaya. antatah phillip key bhatije german raajaa fredrick dwiteeya, baad mein pavitra roman samrat (1220-1250) dwara 1212 mein jaari kiye gaye sisili key sunhare bail mein rajtantra kii pushti kii gaee thee.
bohemia key premislid raajaa ottokar dwiteeya ney 1251 mein austriya key duchy, 1261 mein styria key duchy, 1266 mein aggerland, 1269 mein carniola key march key saath carinthia key duchy aur 1269 mein windick march key saath-saath 1272 mein freuli key march kaa adhigrahan kiya. bohemia koo pramukh shaahi raajya mein badalane kii unaki yojanaon koo germany key habsberg pratidvandi raajaa rudolf pratham dwara nirast curr diyaa gayaa thaa, jinhone unake adhigrahan parr kabja curr liya aur anta mein 1278 mein marchfeld parr yuddh mein unhein haraa diyaa.
vilasita.
1306 mein, luxemberg key gharaane ney premislids key vilupt honey parr bohemian raajaon kaa utpaadan shuru kiya. unhone bohemian bhoomi kaa phir seey kaafee vistaar kiya, jisamen raajaa johnn dha blind ney sileshiya key adhikansh polish piast duke kaa jagirdar banaana bhee shamil thaa. 1335 kii trentskin sandhi mein polish raajaa kasimir III dha grate dwara unake aadhipatya koo sweekaar kiya gayaa thaa. johnn ney german raajaa luis IV dwara boutjen (1319) aur gorlitz (1329) kii oopari lucessian bhoomi key saath bhee samjhauta kiya.
raajaa johnn key sabse badey bete charles chaturth koo 1346 mein romanon kaa raajaa chunaa gayaa aur usee varsh bohemia key raajaa key roop mein apane pitaa key uttaradhikari baney. 1348 mein, charles IV ney "bohemia kaa mukut" (lattin mein "corona regni bohemia") kii avadharana kii shuruat kii, ack aisaa shabd jisane poore raajya koo bohemia key raajaon dwara vanshaanugat roop seey shaasit kiya, naa kewal bohemia key mukhya kshetra balki nigamit praanton koo bhee naamit kiya.
luxemberg rajvansh apane uchch bindu parr pahunch gayaa, jaba charles koo 1355 mein pavitra roman samrat kaa taaj pahanaaya gayaa thaa. apane shaahi adhikaar dwara unhone faisala sunaaya kii sanyukt bohemian bhoomi koo vanshvaadi vikas kii parwah kiye binaa tike rehna chaahiye, bhale hii luxemberg marr jaaen.
1367 mein, unhone apane sautele bete brandenberg key margrave otto vee aur brandenberg key margarevate seey loer lusatia kharida. luxemberg key apane grih county key alawa, rajvansh ney nichale deshon mein aur gair-sannihit shaahi jaagiren rakheen, jaise kih brabent kii duchy aur limberg kii duchy, jise charles key chhote sautele bhaai venceslaus off luxemberg dwara 1355 mein shaadi key madhyam seey hassil kiya gayaa thaa; saath hii saath brandenberg kii margarevate koo 1373 mein kharida gayaa thaa. kyonki bohemia key raajaa aur brandenberg key margrave donon koo 1356 key sunhare bail mein rajkumar-nirvaachak naamit kiya gayaa thaa, luxemberg key paas nirvaachak mandal mein dou vote they, jisase 1376 mein charles key bete vensalos kaa uttaradhikar surakshit huaa.
raajaa vensalos key saath, luxemberg rajvansh kaa patan shuru huaa. unhein swayam 1400 mein romanon key raajaa key roop mein apadasth curr diyaa gayaa thaa. brabent, limberg (1406 mein) key duchy, aur yahaan taka kii khud luxemberg (1411 mein) koo francisi ghar vaale valois-bargandi koo saunp diyaa gayaa thaa; jabaki brandenberg kaa margarevate hohenzolern key ghar (1415 mein) chalaa gayaa thaa. phir bhee, bohemian bhoomi kaa sanyukt shasson 1437 mein samrat sigismund kii mrityu key baad hussite yuddhon aur luxemberg purush vansh key vilupt honey seey aage nickle gayaa.
jagilones.
polish raajaa casimir chaturth key putra, jagilon rajvansh key vladislas dwiteeya koo 1471 mein bohemia kaa raajaa naamit kiya gayaa thaa, jabaki moravia, silesia aur lucesia kii taaj bhoomi parr hangri key pratidvandi raajaa mathius corvinus kaa kabja thaa. 1479 mein, donon raajaon ney olomoc kii sandhi parr hastakshar kiye, jisake tahat bohemian crown bhoomi kii ekataa koo aadhikarik taur parr aparivartit rakhaa gayaa aur raajaon ney ack-dusare koo ekmatra uttaradhikari key roop mein niyukt kiya. 1490 mein raajaa mathias kii mrityu key baad, vladislas ney bohemian crown bhoomi aur vyaktigat sangh mein hangri key raajya parr shasson kiya.
habsberg.
jaba 1526 mein mohak kii ladaai mein vladislas key ekmatra bete lui kii hatyaa curr dee gaee, jisase bohemia mein jagilon rajvansh kaa shasson samaapt hoe gayaa, tou bohemian raeeson key ack sammelan ney unake behnoi, austriya key habsberg archduke ferdinand pratham koo bohemian taaj key nae raajaa key roop mein chunaa. austriya "vanshaanugat bhoomi" aur hangri samrajya key archducci key saath, unhone habsberg rajshahi kaa gathan kiya, joe agali shataabdiyon mein pavitra roman samrajya seey ack alag europeeya shakti mein vikasit huaa. bohemian protestant sudhaar estate dwara ack swaayatt sangh key nirmaan key prayason koo 1620 mein safed pahaad kii ladaai mein whiffle curr diyaa gayaa thaa, jisake baad prashaasan koo vienna mein kendrikrit kiya gayaa thaa. isake alawa, habsberg shasakon ney 1635 mein praag kii shaanti mein tees saal key yuddh key baad saxony key matdaataon key saamane lucesia khou diye, aur 1742 kii bracelou kii sandhi mein pahale sileshiyan yuddh key baad cladsco key saath adhikansh sileshiya koo prussia key raajya mein khou diyaa.
aadhunik yug mein, bohemia, moravia aur austriyai silesia kii shesh mukut bhoomi 1804 mein austriyai samrajya key ghatak bhaag bunn gaye, aur baad mein 1867 mein austriya-hangri kaa aadhaa bhaag sislethania bunn gayaa.
pratham vishva yuddh aur austriya-hangerian rajshahi key vighatan key baad, yeye aitihaasik kshetra bunn gaye jinhen aamtaur parr check ganarajya banaane vaali check bhoomi key roop mein jaanaa jaataa haye. purvi seasin celesia key apavaad key saath, joe 1920 mein dusare polish ganarajya mein chalaa gayaa, hulusin kshetra key saath austriyai celesia koo aaj check celesia key roop mein jaanaa jaataa haye.