
bantu shiksha adhiniyam, 1953

bantu shiksha adhiniyam 1953 (adhiniyam sam. 1953 kaa 47; baad mein kaalaa shiksha adhiniyam, 1953 kaa naam badal diyaa gayaa) ack dakshin african algaav kaanoon thaa jisane rangbhed pranali key kaee pahaluon key liye kaanoon banaaya. isake pramukh praavdhaan ney nasleeya roop seey alag-alag shaikshik suvidhaon koo lagu kiya; yahaan taka kii vishvavidyalayon koo bhee "adiwasi" banaa diyaa gayaa thaa, aur teen missionary schools koo chhodkar sabhi ney bund karane kaa faisala kiya jaba sarkaar unake schools kaa samarthan karane mein madad naheen karegi. bahut cumm adhikaariyon ney mool african logon key liye shiksha kaa samarthan karane key liye apane swayam key vitt kaa upayog karna jaari rakhaa. 1959 mein, usa prakaar kii shiksha koo vishvavidyalaya shiksha adhiniyam key vistaar key saath "gair-shwet" vishvavidyalayon aur colleges taka vistaarit kiya gayaa thaa, aur vishvavidyalaya college off fort haare koo sarkaar dwara apane niyantran mein leey liya gayaa thaa aur bantu shiksha pranali kaa hissa honey key liye apamaanit curr diyaa gayaa thaa. aksar yeh tark diyaa jaataa haye kii bantu (african) shiksha kii neeti kaa uddeshya kaale yaa gair-gorey yuvaaon koo akushal shram bajar mein nirdeshit karna thaa, halanki deshi mamalon key mantri, hendrick worward ney daavaa kiya kii iska uddeshya vibhinn jaatiya samoohon key liye poorak aarthik aur raajneetik ikaaiyon kaa nirmaan karke dakshin africa kii "jaatiya samasyaon" koo hull karna thaa.
sattaaroodh rashtriya party ney shiksha koo antatah dakshin africa koo poori tarah seey bantustans seey alag karane key apane lakshya mein ack mahatvapurna sthiti key roop mein dekhaa. vervord, "rangbhed key vastukar" ney kahaah
"europeeya samudaay mein shram key kuchh roopon key star seey oopar [bantu] key liye koee jagah naheen haye... bantu baal ganit padhaane kaa kyaa upayog haye jaba vaha ise vyavhaar mein upayog naheen curr sakata haye?"
iss adhiniyam key kaaran ashwet african logon key shikshan sansthanon key liye sarkari dhana mein paryaapt vriddhi hui, lekin way jansankhya vriddhi key saath naheen rahey. kaanoon ney sansthanon koo raajya key pratyaksh niyantran mein rahane key liye majboor kiya. rashtriya party key paas abb shikshakon koo niyukt karane aur prashikshit karane kii shakti thee jaisa kii vaha uchit samajhati thee.
1953 mein ashwet shikshakon key vetan behad cumm they aur isake parinamswarup prashikshu shikshakon kii sankhya mein naatakiya girawat aaee. kewal ack tihai ashwet shikshak yogya they.
desh key shwet bachchon key liye aarakshit school paschimi maanak key they. adhiniyam mein gair-goron key liye shiksha key cumm manakon koo nirdhaarit naheen kiya gayaa thaa, lekin isane ack salaahkaar board kii sthaapana key liye kaanoon banaaya aur mantri koo aisaa karane kaa nirdesh diyaa. kaale schools mein seey 30 pratishat mein bijli naheen thee, 25 pratishat mein paani naheen thaa aur aadhe seey adhik mein nalsaji naheen thee. ashweton, bhaartiyon aur rangon key logon key liye shiksha kaafee sastee thee lekin muft naheen thee, aur shikshakon key vetan bahut cumm star parr nirdhaarit kiye gaye they.
1970 key dashak mein, ashwet shiksha parr prati vyakti sarkari kharch shwet shiksha parr kharch kaa dasvaan hissa thaa.
1976 mein, 1974 key "africans madhyam decree", jisane sabhi ashwet schools koo praathamik vidyalaya key antim varsh seey shiksha kii bhaashaon key roop mein africans aur angreji donon kaa upayog karane key liye majboor kiya, ney soveto vidroh kaa netritva kiya, jisamen 575 seey adhik logon kii mrityu hoe gaee, jinamen seey cumm seey cumm 134 loga 18 varsh seey cumm umr key they.
iss adhiniyam koo 1979 mein shiksha aur 1979 key prashikshan adhiniyam dwara nirast curr diyaa gayaa thaa, jisane nasleeya roop seey vibhajit shiksha kii pranali koo jaari rakhaa, lekin tution shulk aur bantu shiksha key alag-alag vibhaag donon mein bhedbhaav koo bhee samaapt curr diyaa aur chauthi kaksha taka mool bhasha shiksha key upayog aur niji schools mein seemit upasthiti donon kii anumati dee.
1994 mein antarim samvidhaan kii shuruat key baad algaav asamvaidhaanik hoe gayaa, aur shiksha aur prashikshan adhiniyam key adhikansh khandon koo dakshin african school adhiniyam, 1996 dwara nirast curr diyaa gayaa thaa.
sandarbh.
HTTP:// nmmu.assie.zaa/dastaavez/amward/bantu% 20 shiksha% 20 act% 201953.pdf