
grih kalaa aur udyog sangh

grih kalaa aur udyog sangh britten mein kalaa aur shilp andolan kaa hissa thaa. isaki sthaapana 1884 mein escaltine luis jeb, bachchon koo bachaane vaali sansthapakon kii maan, dorothy aur escaltine jeb aur luis wilkins dwara kii gaee thee, jinhone mahilaaon kii bhoomi senaa shuru karane mein madad kii thee.
1885 mein badala gayaa praarambhik naam "kuteer kalaa sangh" thaa. jeb philadelphia mein charles godfrey leyland kii ack pahal seey prerit thaa. ack anya pramukh sadasya designer mairi fraser titler they. sangathan ney paaramparik graameen shilp koo punarjeevit karane kii maang kii, joe utpaadan key mashinikaran aur badhate shaharikaran seey khatare mein they. johnn ruskin kii soch aur kalaa aur shilp darshan key anuroop, samarthakon kaa maanana thaa kii paaramparik shilpon key phalane-phoolane seey graameen samudaayon koo banaae rakhane mein madad millie aur shramikon koo karkhane key shramikon key liye sambhav seey kaheen adhik vyaktigat santushti pradaan kii gaee. sangh ney schools koo vitt poshit kiya aur shilpkaron key liye vipanan key avsaron kaa ayojan kiya. 1889 taka isamen 450 kakshaaen, 1,000 shikshak aur 5,000 chhaatr they.
sanghon kii vaarshik pradarshaniyon mein seey pahali julaai 1885 mein hui aur 1888 taka royal albert holl mein honey key liye kaafee badee thee, joe 1913 taka ack vaarshik ghatana thee. 1890 mein sangh ney bhawan key kiraayedaron key roop mein apane karyalayon koo holl mein sthanantarit curr diyaa aur schools key vittaposhan aur shilpkaron key liye vipanan key avsaron key ayojan kaa apana kaam jaari rakhaa. 1904 mein kalaa kaaryakartaon ney timahi mein kahaa, '...yeh ack aisaa samaaj haye joe kamkaji vargon koo lakadi kii nakkashi, jadaai, dhaatu key bhandar, tokri bunai, chamade kaa kaam, pustak bandhan jaise hastshilp sikhaata haye aur inhen aur anya jaise feeta, kadhaai kataai, bunai, mitty key bartan aadi koo protsaahit kartaa haye., ack vaarshik pradarshani key madhyam seey.

