
clyde kenard

clyde kenard (12 juuna, 1927-julaai 4,1963) ack americi koriyai yuddh key anubhavi aur hattiesberg, mississippi key nagrik adhikaar netaa they. 1950 key dashak mein, unhone shikago vishvavidyalaya mein shuru hui apani snaatak kii degree koo puuraa karane key liye kaee baar poorna-shwet mississippi dakshini college (abb dakshini mississippi vishvavidyalaya) mein dakhila lene kaa prayaas kiya. halanki sanyukt raajya america kii sarvocch adalat ney 1954 mein faisala sunaaya thaa kii saarvajanik schools kaa algaav asamvaidhaanik thaa, college ney unhein khariz curr diyaa. kennard 1940 aur 1950 key dashak mein una hajaaron sthaaniya kaaryakartaon mein seey they jinhone apane adhikaaron key liye dabaav daala thaa.
kenard dwara ekikrit shiksha key baare mein sthaaniya patra mein ack patra prakaashit karane key baad, mississippi raajya samprabhuta aayog, ack raajya samarthit agency, ney usey jhoothe aaropon mein giraftar karane kii sajish rachee. unhein doshi thaharaaya gayaa aur raajya kii kukhyaat uchch suraksha jail, charmkaar jail mein saat saal kii sajaa sunai gaee. vaha cancer seey buri tarah beemar hoe gaye. raajya key rajyapal ney unhein maaf karane seey incar curr diyaa, lekin janwari 1963 mein unhein parol parr riha curr diyaa. usa varsh julaai mein kenard kii mrityu hoe gaee. 2005 mein saboot key prakaashan key baad kii kenard koo fansaaya gayaa thaa, samarthakon ney unake liye maranoparant maafi praapt karane kii koshish kii, lekin governor hailey barber ney incar curr diyaa. samarthakon ney kenard key mamle kii sameeksha key liye adalat mein yachika daayar karane mein barber kaa sahyog praapt kiya, aur 2006 mein, unaki doshasiddhi koo poori tarah seey palat diyaa gayaa.
praarambhik jeevan aur shiksha.
kenard kaa janm 1927 mein hattisburg, mississippi mein huaa thaa. jaba way 12 saal key they, tou way shikago gaye aur apani badee bahan saaraa key saath public school mein purnakaalik jaane key liye rahate they. unhone wendell phillips hyee school seey snaatak kiya. vaha americi senaa mein saat saal taka seva karate hue bharti hueh dwiteeya vishva yuddh key baad pahale germany mein, phir koriyai yuddh key dauran ack paratrooper key roop mein seva karate hue.
kenard apani seva key baad shikago laut aae, shikago vishvavidyalaya mein college shuru kiya. 1955 mein, apane kanishth varsh koo puuraa karane key baad, kenard apane sautele pitaa kii mrityu key baad apani maan kii madad karane key liye hattiesberg laut aae. usane paas key eatonville, mississippi mein usake liye jameen kharidi thee jahan usane ack chikan farm shuru kiya thaa. unhone ravivaar key school mein mairi magdlean baptist church mein padhaaya, jisamen unhone etonville mein bhaag liya thaa.
shiksha key liye lado.
hattiesberg mein rahane kii aavashyakta koo dekhate hue, kenard ney 1956,1957 aur 1959 mein mississippi dakshini college, ack raajya sansthaan mein dakhila lene kii maang kii. americi sarvocch nyayalaya dwara "braun banaam" mein faisale key bavjood ise abhee bhee alag kiya gayaa thaa. shiksha board "(1954) kii saarvajanik vidyaalayon kaa algaav asamvaidhaanik thaa. mississippi key governor james pee. colleman ney ack niji college mein raajya key vetan key liye kenard key tution kii peshkash kii, lekin kenard ney manaa curr diyaa. unhone usa college koo pasand kiya kyonki yeh unake ghar key sabse karib thaa, joe unaki parivarik sthiti koo dekhate hue ack pramukh kaarak thaa.
6 disambar, 1958 koo, kenard ney "hattiesberg american" samachar patra mein ack patra prakaashit kiya. unhone likhaa kii way "prakriti seey algavvadi" they lekin "pasand seey ekikaranvadi" they."unhone ack tarkapurna spashteekaran diyaa kii shiksha mein algaav avyaavhaarik kyon thaa aur ack ekikrit pranali dwara pratisthaapit kiya jaanaa baadhya thaa.
mississippi raajya samprabhuta aayog key jack vaine landingham, jinhone raajya kii saarvajanik chhavi koo protsaahit kiya, lekin nagrik adhikaaron key liye kaaryakartaon koo dabaane key liye kaam kiya, ney jey. aich. mississippi vyaavsaayik mahavidyalaya key african-americi adhyaksh, shwet, mississippi dakshini mahavidyalaya mein apani khoj koo samaapt karane key liye kenard koo manaane key liye. jaba kennard koo manaa naheen kiya jaa sakata thaa, tou vaine landingham aur dudley connor, ack hattiesberg vakeel. unaki sakriyata koo dabaane key liye sahyog kiya. samprabhuta aayog kii faailen, jise raajya ney 1998 mein saarvajanik sameeksha key liye khola thaa, seey pataa chalaa kii isake adhikaari kenard koo ack durghatana mein majboor karane yaa usaki khoj koo rokane key liye usaki kaar parr bambari karane parr vichaar karane key charam parr gaye. isake bajaay, unhone usey ack aaparaadhik aparaadh key liye fansaaya.
sajaa, sajaa aur karawas.
samprabhuta aayog ney ack aparaadh key liye kenard koo fansaane kii sajish rachee. 15 sitambar, 1959 koo unhein hattiesberg mein sipahi charley ward aur lii daniels dwara laparwahi seey gaadi chalaane key liye giraftar kiya gayaa thaa. jail mein daalane key baad, ward aur daniel ney shaanti key nyaay key samaksh daavaa kiya. see. shauk haye kii usaki kaar kii seat key neeche anya sharaab key saath whisky key paanch aadhe-pints paae gaye. mississippi ack "shushk" raajya thaa, aur 1966 taka sharaab kaa kabja avaidh thaa. kenard koo doshi thaharaaya gayaa aur $600 kaa jurmana lagaaya gayaa. vaha jald hii ack anaupchaarik sthaaniya aarthik bahishkaar (samprabhuta aayog aur shwet nagrik parishadon kii ack ranneeti bhee) kaa shikaar hoe gayaa, jisane uska shreya kaat diyaa.
kenard koo 25 sitambar, 1961 koo phir seey giraftar kiya gayaa thaa, jisamen ack kathit saathi ney forrest county sahakaari godam seey 25 dollar moolya key chikan feed kii chori kii thee. kenard parr mukadama chalaaya gayaa aur unake anpadh "saathi", johnny lii roberts ney unake khilaf gawahi dee. 21 navambar, 1960 koo, ack poorna-shwet juurii ney 10 minut taka vichaar-vimarsh kiya aur kenard koo doshi paaya. (iss samay, 1890 key samvidhaan key tahat matadhikar seey vanchit honey aur mississippi mein matdan karane mein asamarth honey key kaaran, ashweton koo bhee juurii seey baahar rakhaa gayaa thaa.)
kenard koo saat saal kii jail kii sajaa sunai gaee thee, jise raajya kii uchch suraksha suvidha, charmkaar jail mein seva dee jaani thee. iss vaakya ney unhein mississippi key kissy bhee shwet mahavidyalaya mein phir seey aavedan karane seey roque diyaa. roberts koo paanch saal kii pariveeksha dee gaee aur unhein riha curr diyaa gayaa. 2005 mein, jaba mamle kii jaanch phir seey shuru kii gaee, tou roberts ney shapath key tahat gawahi dee kii kenard nirdosh thaah "kenard ney mujhe chori karane key liye naheen kahaa, kenard ney mujhe sahakaari mein ghusane key liye naheen kahaa, kenard ney mujhe kuchh bhee avaidh karane key liye naheen kahaa."
mukadame key samaapan key thheek baad, nakp key mississippi adhyaay key adhyaksh medgar everse koo adalat dwara avamaanana key liye uddhrit kiya gayaa thaa, jaba unhone ack bayaan jaari kiya thaa kii kenard kii doshasiddhi "nyaayik nyaay kaa majaak thaa."everse parr $100 kaa jurmana lagaaya gayaa aur 30 dinon kii jail kii sajaa sunai gaee, lekin 12 juuna, 1961 koo mississippi sarvocch nyayalaya ney unaki sajaa koo palat diyaa.
cancer aur mrityu.
1961 mein jail mein rahate hue, kenard koo brihadantra cancer kaa pataa chalaa aur unhein sergery key liye mississippi vishvavidyalaya key aspatal leey jaaya gayaa. chikitsa karmchaariyon ney sifarish kii kii unhein unaki hirasat mein rakhaa jaae yaa unaki sthiti kii jaanch karane key liye unhein niyamit roop seey jaane kii anumati dee jaae. adhikaariyon ney usey vaapas charmkaar jail bhej diyaa, jahan vaha ack mazdoor key roop mein kaam kartaa thaa.
unaki bimari key baare mein jaanane key baad, hattiesberg mein nagrik adhikaar netaaon ney kenard kii rihaai koo surakshit karane key liye ack abhiyaan shuru kiya. 1963 mein kahani ney rashtriya dhyaan aakarshit kiya, kyonki nagrik adhikaar andolan gahare dakshin mein badh rhaa thaa, mississippi key governor ross barnet ney kenard koo "anishchitkaaleen nilambit sajaa" yaa parol dee.
kennard koo 30 janwari, 1963 koo release kiya gayaa thaa. comedian dick gregory ney chikitsa upchaar key liye shikago key liye apani udaan key liye bhugtan kiya. agale paanch maheenon mein shikago vishvavidyalaya parisar key billings aspatal mein kenard kii dou baar sergery hui, lekin doosari prakriya key duss dinn baad unaki cancer seey mrityu hoe gaee.
7 julaai koo shikago key mahanagariya antim sanskar parlor mein kenard key liye ack antim sanskar seva aayojit kii gaee thee. 16 aprail, 1962 koo unhone ack kavita likhi thee, jise mandali koo padhaa gayaa.
unhone kavita kaa sheershak "odd too dha death angel" rakhaa thaa>
oh, tum phir seey aao
oll kii purani thhandi maut'
jeevan kii sajish rachane key liye
aur amar aatma kii pariksha karein
maine dekhaa kii tum ugra samudra key khilaf gir gaye
taba maine aapako dhokha diyaa thaa aur abb aap mujhe naheen pakadenge
main aapka chehra jaanata huun
yeh harr daud mein jaanaa jaataa haye
aapaki gati tej haye
aur raaste mein
aapaki chhaaya joe aapane daali haye
aasmaan mein
taba aapako lagaa kii aap merey paas hain
main surakshit roop seey utar gayaa
lekin yahaan aap phir seey hain
main dekh rhaa huun kii aap usa aage key pyu parr rook gaye hain
jaba aapako lagata haye kii main sou rhaa huun
main aapako dekh rhaa huun
tum mujhe kyon shikaar karna chaahte hoe, isaliye main jahan bhee jaataa huun?
yeh sach haye kii merrie aankhen mund hain
merey haath thhande hoe rahey hain
taba mujhe leey low, kii
main aakhirkaar apani aatma bunn sakata huun
</kavita>
kenard koo teen dinn baad hattiesberg, mississippi mein mairi magdelein kabristan mein unake parivaar key bhukhand mein dafnaya gayaa thaa.
prayason koo kshama karein.
31 disambar, 2005 koo, ack puraskar vijeta khoji reporter, jairi michel ney soochana dene vaale johnny lii roberts key saath ack sakshatkar prakaashit kiya. unhone kahaa kii 1960 mein unaki gawahi jhoothi thee, aur kenard kaa aparaadh seey koee sambandh naheen thaa. michel, joe kaee varshon seey mamle kii jaanch curr rahey they, ney pahale nagrik adhikaar yug key kuchh anya kukhyaat "thhande mamalon" mein jaanch mein sahaayata kii thee.
2006 mein, shikshak bairi bradford aur ilinois key unake teen hyee school key chhaatrah monaa gadiri, agness majur aur callie mccune, saath hii professor steven aeye. uttar-paschimi vishvavidyalaya key kaanoon key school kaa druzzin, galat doshasiddhi parr kendrit haye. unhone mississippi key governor hailey barber koo kenard koo poorna maafi jaari karane key liye manaane key liye ack gathbandhan kaa netritva kiya. (bradford ney anya hyee school key chhatron key saath jaankaari ekatra karane key liye kaam kiya thaa jisake kaaran 1964 mein teen nagrik adhikaar kaaryakartaon key hatyaron parr 2002 mein safal mukadama chalaaya gayaa thaa.)
pramukh mississippi raajnetaon, shikshaavidon aur media kii salah key khilaf, barber ney maafi dene seey incar curr diyaa, iss baat seey chintit kii yeh ack mrit vyakti key liye thaa. unake pravakta ney kahaa kii barber ney kabhi kissy koo maaf naheen kiya thaa aur kenard key liye bhee aisaa naheen karenge. unhone sweekaar kiya kii kenard "hakdar" thaa 
apane adhikaaron koo bahaal karane key liye."barber ney 30 march koo raajya mein clyde kenard divas key roop mein naamit kiya, taaki dhyaan aakarshit kiya jaa sakey aur kenard key dridh sankalp, anyaay aur mississippi mein nagrik adhikaar andolan key itihas mein unaki mahatvapurna bhoomika koo yaad kiya jaa sakey.
dakshini mississippi vishvavidyalaya key chhaatr pahale kenard key naam koo saaf karane key abhiyaan mein shamil hue they aur maafi key samarthan mein 1,500 seey adhik hastakshar ekatra kiye they. unhone nott kiya kii 2006 mein, yuu. aiss. aim. mein 2,000 seey adhik ashwet chhaatr they. chaar poorv mississippi governors kii daleelon key bavjood, 10 maee, 2006 koo, mississippi raajya parol board ney maafi kii sifarish karane seey incar curr diyaa. board kaa vote nasleeya rekhaaon key anusaar vibhajit kiya gayaa thaa, jisamen sabhi shwet sadasyon ney maafi kii sifarish kaa virodh karane key liye matdan kiya thaa.
mississippi key harr pramukh samachar patra ney governor aur board key faisalon kii ninda kii. kennard key behnoi, rev. villie grant ney board key faisale parr nirasha vyakt kii. unhone kahaa kii raajya galat karawas parr kissy bhee sambhaavit mukadame key nuksan seey bachane kii koshish curr rhaa haye. kennard parivaar ney pahale hii saarvajanik roop seey kahaa thaa kii unhein harjaane kii maang mein koee dilchaspi naheen haye.
sankalp.
bradford aur ilinois key chhatron ney doshasiddhi koo vaapas lene key liye adalaton kaa upayog karane key apane prayason koo sthanantarit curr diyaa. unhone charles pickering, ack poorv sanghiya nyayadhish, aur villium winter, ack poorv mississippi governor, seey sampark kiya, jinhone poorv-nirdhaarit kanuni ranneeti banaai.
bradford aur chhatron dwara shodh kaa upayog karate hue, aur mississippi key ack uttar-paschimi vishvavidyalaya key kaanoon key chhaatr drizin aur bobby ovens dwara taiyar kiye gaye vistrit kanuni shodh, pickering aur sardiyon ney aakhirkaar kenard key naam koo saaf karane mein safalata praapt kii. nyayadhish bobb helfrich ney mamle kii sunavaai key liye "barber, kaee poorv nyayadhishon, ack vishvavidyalaya key adhyaksh aur anya" kii yachika sweekaar curr lii. 17 maee, 2006 koo ack neeli-ribbon kanuni team kaa netritva karate hue, picker aur sardiyon kii daleelon key baad, helfrich ney kenard kii mool chori kii sajaa koo yeh kahate hue fenk diyaa, "merey liye, yeh ack kaalaa aur safed mudda naheen haye; yeh ack sahee aur galat mudda haye. usa galat koo thheek karane key liye, main sahee kaam karane key liye majboor huun."barber ney kahaa kii helfrich kaa nirnay" iss nirdosh vyakti koo doshmukt karane kaa uchit, samvaidhaanik tarika thaa."
helfrich key adesh key chhah dinn baad, shwet varchasvavaadi richard barrett ney nirnay koo palatane key liye dastavej daayar kiye. barrett edger ray killen key mukhar samarthak they, jinhen juuna 2005 mein sanghiya adalat mein 1964 mein chaini, goodman aur schwerner kii hatyaon mein maanav hatyaa key liye doshi thaharaaya gayaa thaa. barrett key prastaav koo nyayadhish helfrich dwara sankshep mein khariz curr diyaa gayaa thaa. mississippi raajya sarvocch nyayalaya mein unaki appeal koo bhee isi tarah khariz curr diyaa gayaa, jisase kanuni gaatha samaapt hoe gaee.