
pareshaniyon mein ardhsainik balon kaa vitt

pareshaniyon key dauran apane sashastr abhiyaanon (1969-1998) key vittaposhan key liye, ayrish ganarajya aur alster wafadar ardhsainik bull donon british dweepon key bheetar kaee dhana gatividhiyon mein lagey hue hain, jaise kii dhana ugaahana, baink dakaiti, jabaran vasuli, nashili davaaon kii taskari, loot kii recording, racketeering aur samajik clubon, taxi companiyon aur khudra dukaanon jaise vaidh vyavasaay. unhein videshon seey bhee vitt praapt huaa, jisamen ganarajya key ardhsainik balon koo sabse adhik samarthan diyaa gayaa.
poore sangharsh key dauran ardhsainik balon key liye pradaan kiye gaye rajaswa kaa bhaari hissa ireland ganarajya, uttari ireland aur grate britten mein aaparaadhik aur vaidh gatividhiyon seey aaya. inn dhana kaa upayog videshon mein hathiyar khareedane aur purjon kaa upayog ghar mein baney agneyastron key nirmaan key liye kiya jaataa thaa.
visfotak, apane swayamsevakon aur kaid kaaryakartaon key parivaaron koo bhugtan karate hain, aur raajneetik, jansampark aur samudayik gatividhiyon key liye. jabaki videshi daan kii aam taur parr sarahana kii jaati thee, way jyaadaatar chhote they aur vaastav mein ardhsainik balon parr kissy bhee saamarik yaa raajneetik nirnay koo prabhaavit naheen karate they.
vyavasaay.
gantantra.
asthaayi ayrish ganarajya kii senaa vaidh yaa ardh-vaidh swaamitva vaale vyavasaay chalaati thee jisamen niji suraksha firm shamil they, belfast mein kaali taxi cab (fauls road parr sthit 300 seey adhik taxis key ack sahakaari kii vaarshik aaya lagbhag $1 million honey kaa anuman thaa. inmein doublin mein cumm seey cumm dou gyaat hackney cab sevaaen, nirmaan firm, dukaanen, restaraan, courier sevaaen, atithi ghar, kaar aur machinary, pub shamil hain jinamen ack yaa dusare samay mein finglass, county doublin mein dou chhote pub, coolock mein dou, doublin mein bhee shahar key kendra mein kaee aur, latercany mein teen, county mein teen, cork mein teen (ack cork hotal sahit), aur desh key aspas bikhare hue adhik chhote pub shamil hain.
ack iraa sakshatkarkarta ney kahaa kii 1970 key dashak mein shuru huaah
belfast apane [samajik] clubon parr varshon taka chalaa. kyaa aap clubon koo jaanate hain? unhone clubon kaa gathan kiya, pahale unhone ise banaaya aur... kaar park, aap jaanate hain, unhein naheen banaate hain, balki kshetron koo lete hain aur unhein kaar park key roop mein chalaate hain. yeh kahane vaalaa koee naheen thaa kii aapane kitna liya aur aapane kitna nikala aur isaliye, aap jaanate hain, aggar harr saptah bees hazaar aaa rahey they tou aap kaha sakate hain kii baarah hazaar aaa rahey hain aur phir aathh hazaar ack tarah seey jaa rahey hain, aur aapane apane logon koo bhugtan kiya aur kahaa kii harr saptah bahut kuchh hoe rhaa haye. aur isane andolan koo vittaposhit kiya.
1978 taka, veshyalayon aur massage parlours key duss gunaa badhane key baad, ardhsainik samoohon ney rajaswa key srot key roop mein apani kshamata dekhi. asthaayi iraa ney kuchh pratishthanon seey praapt aaya kaa upayog hathiyar aur visfotak khareedane key liye karna shuru curr diyaa thaa. uttari ireland mein nagrik avyavastha key maddenajar ardhsainik balon dwara sanchaalit pub sthaapit kiye gaye they, joe shuru mein sthaaniya samudaayon koo ikattha honey key liye surakshit kshetra pradaan karane key liye kaam curr rahey they. 20 seey adhik gantantra-niyantrit peyajal club jald hii pramukh dhana jutaane vaale morchon mein vikasit hue, jisamen "aparaadhi" jaise club kathit roop seey laabh kaa ack badaa hissa peera koo saunp rahey they. jabaki iraa dwara sanchaalit kaee club "vaidh" hoe gaye, phir bhee way sabhi "kitaabon key dou sett chalaate they" taaki iraa-sambaddh sangathanon koo dhana key modd koo aspasht kiya jaa sakey, saath hii saath unaki avaidh munafakhori kii seema koo chhipaaya jaa sakey.
british professor isabelle woodford aur aim.ell.aar. smith ney anuman lagaaya kii prati varsh 1970 key dashak mein aaee. aar. aeye. dwara sanchaalit sambaddh clubon seey £ 1,444,000 aaya thaa. march 1997 mein, "dha ayrish times" ney bataaya kii "iraa ney 20 saarvajanik gharon key adhigrahan aur sanchaalan aur dhana shodhan kii dekhrekh key liye doublin mein ack lekhakar aur banker sahit varishth peshevar hastiyon kii sevaaon kaa adhigrahan kiya haye."
kaalaa taxiyaan bhee iraa key liye kaafee laabhdaayak theen, jisamen fauls road black taxiyaan seva bhee shamil thee, joe poorv iraa kaidiyon koo aakarshit karati thee. "ravivaar key samay" ney 1995 mein bataaya kii prati varsh 750,000 pound seey adhik iraa black taxis seey aaya thaa. neel dakshini ney likhaa haih
[bee] taxis kii kamee, joe uchit kiraya letee theen, iraa key liye aaya kaa ack mahatvapurna srot thee. chalakon ney apani saptahik kamai kii ack chhoti raashi 'kaaran' mein yogdan diyaa aur isaliye unhein ack atyadhik bojh vaale jabaran vasuli rackett dwara naheen bandha gayaa. ack badey sansaadhan seey thodaa lena ack behtar ranneeti thee, ack sansaadhan pool seey bahut adhik maang karane kii tulanaa mein joe chhota haye.
sainya itihaaskaar margaret sanki ney kahaah
1972 mein, british khufiya ney belfast city bason key khilaf ack peera firebombing abhiyaan kaa pataa lagaaya, yeh maanate hue kii yeh poori tarah seey sarkaar key khilaf ack aatankvaadi ranneeti thee aur iska uddeshya aabaadi koo asthir karna aur buniyaadi dhaanche koo nasht karna thaa. yeh pataa chalaa kii peera ney taxi vyavasaay mein khareedane kaa faisala kiya thaa, iss uddeshya seey sambaddh udyamiyon koo sinn pheen key anudan key madhyam seey "kaam karane key liye" paisa lagaaya thaa. black cab key sanchaalan kaa harr kadam-vaahan kiraaye parr lena, usey eendhan denaa, isaki marammat karna aur kamai parr curr kaa bhugtan karna-gantantra kii jebon mein chalaa gayaa, iss atirikt ummeed key saath kii cab logon koo gumnam roop seey leey jaane aur hathiyaron key dibbon koo vitarit karane key liye coll parr they. firebomb shahar key saarvajanik parivahan koo aksham banaane aur yaatriyon koo adhik mahangi taxi taka leey jaane key liye bhee they, jabaki shahar key bajat seey prati varsh $30 laakh nikaalate they.
1976 mein, ack uttari ayrish adhikaari ney majboot ardhsainik sambandhon vaali kaee farmon parr ack vistrit patra likhaa. ack prasiddh west belfast taxi firm key sandarbh mein, unhone likhaa kii yeh "majboot asthaayi iraa/asthaayi sinn phene connection vaale purushon dwara prabandhit kiya gayaa thaa. choonki yeh bhulbhulaiya key bheetar seey bandiyon dwara banaaya gayaa thaa, isaliye yeh maan lena uchit lagata haye kii isake cumm seey cumm 200 seey adhik sadasyon mein seey adhikansh apane vichaar saajha karate hain. ise aam taur parr peera/pee. aiss. aff. vyavasaay maanaa jaataa haye."unhone yeh bhee kahaa kii" yeh apane munafe kaa 20 pratishat peera koo dene key liye bataaya gayaa haye aur isake board mein peera kaa ack pramukh sadasya haye."
sashastr loot.
gantantra.
1973 mein, iraa ney aupchaarik roop seey dakaiti shuru kii. disambar 1974 mein, iraa key sadasyon kii ack team ney mainhattan key peechha karane vaale baink mein ack dakaiti kii, jisamen unhein lagbhag £140,000 kaa nuksan huaa. 31 march 1976 koo, ack iraa ikai ney vaastavik dakaiti seey pahale hii peera dwara yojnabaddh ack abhiyaan mein county kildare mein cork-doublin train seey £1 seey adhik kii loot kii, ack chhaapa jise ayrish rashtriya mukti senaa dwara sambhaavit yuddh kii prakriti key kaaran bhee maanaa gayaa thaa. 1970 key dashak key anta taka, ireland ganarajya mein lagbhag harr dusare dinn sashastr dakaiti hoe rahee thee. 1978 mein, 237 sashastr dakaiti hui, jisamen £837,000 kii chori hui. agale varsh, lagbhag 25 laakh pound 250 sashastr dakaiti mein liye gaye. maanaa jaataa thaa kii iraa lagbhag aadhe paise kii chori key liye jimmedaar thaa.
brigadier james glover dwara 1978 kii british senaa kii ack report mein iraa kii vaarshik aaya kaa anuman 950,000 pound lagaaya gayaa thaa, jisamen seey 550,000 pound chori seey they.
yeh pravritti 1980 key dashak mein bhee jaari rahee, jisamen county kerrie mein kilarni mein badee baink dakaiti aur kramshah aprail aur juuna 1980 mein county wakesford mein naee ross shamil hain. nae rose mein, baink karmchaariyon aur sanrakshkon koo imarat mein bund curr diyaa gayaa kyonki aparaadhi bhaag gaye. 1982 mein county waterford dakaiti key baad, iraa ikai pulon parr guarda road blocks seey bachate hue nadee suir key paar naav seey bhaag gaee. bahut saaraa paisa hathiyaron kii khareed mein chalaa gayaa.
26 march 1983 kii uttari ireland karyalaya kii report mein kahaa gayaa haih "1971 aur 1982 key beach uttari ireland mein sashastr dakaiti mein £7 million seey adhik kii chori hui thee, joe sabse badaa anupaat thaa jise praavdhaanon dwara liya jaa rhaa thaa. ayrish ganarajya mein, yeh anuman lagaaya gayaa haye kii asthaayi iraa harr saal chori kii gaee £4,00,000 nakadi kaa lagbhag 50 pratishat letaa haye."march 1997 mein," "dha ayrish times" "ney bataaya kii" "sashastr dakaiti mein chori kiye gaye 60,000 pound koo 1994 key sangharsh viram kii shuruat mein iss [iraa pramukh lekhakar] vyakti key saamane aatmasamarpan curr diyaa gayaa thaa."
wafadar.
iraa key vipareet, wafadar ardhsainik balon dwara kii gaee sashastr dakaiti uttari ireland key bheetar kaafee hudd taka pratibandhit thee. julaai 1987 mein, uvf ney portdown mein ack uttari baink seey 250,000 pound kii chori kii. iss dhana kaa upayog dakshin african rangbhed shasson seey hathiyaron key shipment key liye kiya gayaa thaa, jisamen british sarkaar ney kaafee hudd taka sahaayata kii thee. 1996 mein, udaa ney ack suniyojit aur nishpaadit dakaiti kii. yeh suraksha company key chaalak key ghar mein shuru huaa, jahan usake parivaar koo hathkadi lagaai gaee aur unakaa galaa ghonta gayaa. vaastavik dakaiti taba hui jaba lisburn key baahar sashastr aur nakabposh logon ney vaine koo roque diyaa, aur yuu. dee. aeye. dwara upayog kiye gaye banknotes mein ack million pound jabt curr liye gaye. yeh dhana parivahan parr sabse badey hamalon mein seey ack thaa.
apaharan.
gantantra.
apaharan, jabaki ack bahut hii jokhim bharaa kaam thaa, dhana kaa ack pramukh srot bhee thaa. 1972 mein, sambaddh ayrish bainkon ney apane ack karmchari kii zaan bachaane key liye 5,000 pound kaa bhugtan kiya, joe iraa baink key chhaape koo whiffle karane key liye "maut kii sajaa key tahat" thaa. 1981 mein, iraa ney ayrish vyavasaayi bayne dunn kaa ack county laath road parr apaharan curr liya aur ack agyaat sthaan parr rakhaa gayaa, sambhavatah county aarmagh, uttari ireland key dakshini bhaag mein. chhah dinn baad usey riha curr diyaa gayaa, aur kathit taur parr dunney parivaar ney firauti dene seey incar curr diyaa, halanki yeh vyaapak roop seey bataaya gayaa thaa kii iraa koo 700,000 pound praapt hue. (uttari aur dakshini) baink prabandhakon aur unake parivaaron key apaharan kii ack shrinkhala ney prati ghatana lagbhag 60,000 pound (80,000 dollar) seey 80,000 pound (110,000 dollar) kii kamai kii (koee naheen jaanata kii iss tarah key kitane apaharan hue kyonki baink aksar bhugtan karna aur chup rehna pasand karate they).
24 navambar 1983 koo, quinsworth karyakari donn tidy koo iraa dwara rathfornham, doublin mein unake ghar key baahar apaharan curr liya gayaa thaa. ayrish suraksha balon ney apaharankartaon key liye ack khoj shuru kii, jiska samaapan iraa key saath golibari mein huaa, jisamen ayrish sanic patrick kellie aur guarda adhikaari gairi sheehan maare gaye. inn hatyaon ney ireland ganarajya mein hangama machaa diyaa aur firauti kaa bhugtan kabhi aadhikarik roop seey naheen kiya gayaa. isake parinamswarup iraa koo apaharan chhodane key liye majboor honah padaa.
racketing, taskari aur dhokhadhadi.
racketing, taskari aur dhokhadhadi ney bhee aaya key mahatvapurna srot paida kiye, jisamen sooaron seey laker tambaku taka key pratibandhit padaarth they. royal alster constabulary key mukhya sipahi johnn herman ney 1983 key liye apani vaarshik report mein kahaa kih ganatantravaadi aur wafadar ardhsainik sangathanon ney aaparaadhik racketing mein ack aakarshak pair rakhaa haye, joe aggar samaapt naheen huaa, tou hamaare samudaay key samajik aur aarthik jeevan kii ack hanikarak visheshta bunn jaayegi.
shayed sabse kukhyaat operation thomas "slab" marfi kaa haye, jisane logon key pairon parr cement block chhodane kii apani aadat seey apana upnaam arjit kiya. 1980 key dashak key madhya mein, marfi ney seema parr ack sakriya seva ikai kaa netritva kiya. kaee varshon taka unhone iraa uttari kamaan key sadasya key roop mein kaary kiya. 1970 mein, marfi ney ack godam kaa nirmaan kiya joe ireland ganarajya key saath seema parr faila huaa thaa. jaba europeeya aarthik samudaay ney britten koo niryaat kiye jaane vaale pratyek janwar key liye ayrish kisaanon koo subsidy kii peshkash kii, tou marfi ney pashuon koo nauka dwara uttar mein laaya, subsidy ekatra kii, aur phir jaanvaron koo apane godam key ack chhor mein rakhaa. isake baad pashudhan sanrachana key madhyam seey dakshin kii or chalaa gayaa, jaba vahaan seey murafi ney phir seey jaanvaron koo subsidy key sangrah key liye uttar kii or leey jaaya. 2005 taka, marfi key taskari abhiyaanon koo prati varsh 20 million pound kii seema mein shuddh iraa aur sinn finn maanaa jaataa thaa. adhikansh bhaag key liye, gantantra iss kshetra koo niyantrit karate hain.
aprail 1984 mein, dou sashastr iraa sadasyon ney ack laurie kaa apaharan curr liya kyonki yeh county louth key dundock key baahari ilaake mein pee. jey. caroll sigaret karkhane seey nickle gayaa thaa. laurie mein 250,000 pound key anumaanit bajar moolya key saath sigaret bharee hui thee. hamlawar laurie koo ack side road parr leey aae jahan sigaret koo ack prateeksha vaahan mein sthanantarit curr diyaa gayaa thaa. ack poorv laurie chaalak parr baad mein chhah maheene baad apaharan kii soochana pradaan karane key liye aarop lagaaya gayaa thaa.
daan.
gantantra.
ayrish ganarajya key ugravaadiyon koo uttari ireland key baahar samoohon, vyaktiyon aur raajya abhinetaon seey bhee kaafee daan milaa. 1970 key dashak seey 1990 key dashak kii shuruat taka, libian tanashah muammar gaddafi ney iraa koo 12.5 laakh dollar seey adhik nakad (2021 mein lagbhag 4 karod dollar key barabar) diyaa. iraa koo columbia (fark) key krantikari sashastr balon seey cumm seey cumm 20 laakh dollar bhee praapt hue, badale mein unhein bumm takneekon key saath prashikshan diyaa gayaa, jisamen aakar key charge, propen bumm, barudi surang aur mortar kaa nirmaan shamil thaa (columbia three bhee dekhein).
grate britten key baahar mool anglosphere mein, ayrish americi, ayrish kanadian, ayrish australiyai aur ayrish newzealanders ney ganarajya andolan koo kaafee yaa paryaapt vittiya daan pradaan kiya, jinamen seey jyaadaatar praavdhaan they. america mein asthaayi kaaran kii vittiya reedh ayrish uttari sahaayata samiti (noraid) thee, jisane 1970 aur 1991 key beach mrit yaa kaid iraa sadasyon key parivaaron kaa samarthan karane seey laker lobbing aur prachaar prayason taka 36 laakh dollar jutaaye they. australia mein, adhikaariyon ney anuman lagaaya kii 1990 key dashak taka, praavdhaanon key liye salana 20,000 dollar seey adhik naheen jutaaye gaye they. kanadai samarthakon ney gupt roop seey hathiyar khareedane key liye dhana jutaaya, vishesh roop seey kanadai khanan sthalon key liye upayog kiye jaane vaale detonator aur iraa mein taskari kii gaee.
wafadar.
juuna 2002 kii uttari ireland mamalon kii chayan samiti kii report mein anuman lagaaya gayaa thaa kii 1992 mein, uvf aur uda key liye scotish samarthan prati varsh 100,000 pound thaa.
avalokan.
inn tarikon key kaaran, donon ganarajya aur wafadar ardhsainik bull kaafee hudd taka achchi tarah seey vitt poshit aur apane tarikon mein parishkrit they, joe poore sangharsh key dauran paryaapt agneyastra aur visfotakon key saath-saath anya gatividhiyon koo khareedane key liye paryaapt they. videshon seey daan kii raashi bahut cumm thee aur british dweepon key bheetar utpann sroton kii tulanaa mein nirdhaarit kii gaee thee, joe ganarajya aur wafadar ardhsainik balon donon key liye bhaari rajaswa pradaan karati thee.
gantantra.
1978 taka, glover ney anuman lagaaya kii iraa kii vaarshik aaya £950,000 thee. 1980 key dashak taka, iraa kii vaarshik nidhi £2 million seey £4 million taka thee. aprail 1987 mein, mukhya sipahi johnn herman ney anglo-ayrish antar-sarkari sammelan mein sarkari mantriyon seey kahaa kii "apani gatividhi koo banaae rakhane key liye prati varsh ira £2-£3 million kii laagat aatee haye. yeh raashi unake liye koee samasya naheen haye aur unake paas hathiyar khareedane key liye paise kii koee kamee naheen haye."1994 taka, yeh prati varsh $7.5 laakh taka pahunch gayaa. 
juuna 2002 kii uttari ireland mamalon kii chayan samiti kii report mein peera kii chaalu laagat prati varsh 15 laakh pound honey kaa anuman lagaaya gayaa haye, jabaki isaki anumaanit vaarshik nidhi 5-8 laakh pound haye. isi report mein 500,000 pound key anumaanit vaarshik vitt poshan key mukabale prati varsh inla kii sanchaalan laagat £ 25-30,000 aur vaastavik ayrish ganarajya senaa (reera) kii sanchaalan laagat £5 million key anumaanit vaarshik vitt poshan key mukabale prati varsh £500,000 dekhi gaee.
wafadar.
juuna 2002 kii uttari ireland mamalon kii chayan samiti kii report mein anuman lagaaya gayaa haye kii uvf kii vaarshik sanchaalan laagat prati varsh £1-2 million haye, jabaki vaarshik dhana ugaahane kii kshamata £15 laakh haye. usee report mein yuu. dee. aeye. kii vaarshik sanchaalan laagat kaa anuman £500,000 lagaaya gayaa haye jabaki vaarshik dhana ugaahane kii kshamata £1 million haye.