
harmon auld babaana

horma auld babaana (1 march 1912-7 julaai 1979), jise ahmado binn horma, ahmado auld horma auld babaana aur horma babaana key roop mein bhee jaanaa jaataa haye, ack mauritanian rajneta they joe upaniveshvaad key khilaf desh key sangharsh mein sakriya they. babana francisi rashtriya sabhaa key pahale mauritanian upa they.
praarambhik jeevan.
1 march 1912 koo mederda mein janme, babana ney kurran aur arabi bhasha aur saahitya kaa adhyayan kiya. unhone sent-luis, senegal mein shiksha praapt kii thee. babana kii maan aur padosi chintit they kii jaba vaha apana gaanv chhod dega, tou vaha apani saanskritik pehchaan khou dega aur francisi upaniveshvadiyon kaa samarthan karega. 27 saal kii umr mein apani padhaai poori karane key baad, unhone duss saal taka poore mauritania mein ack francisi anuvaadak banane seey pahale kuchh samay key liye padhaaya. jaba babana kii katar mein francisi adhikaariyon key saath ack nritya mein mauritanian mahilaaon key utpeedan koo laker jhadap hui, tou unhein nikaal diyaa gayaa, jurmana lagaaya gayaa aur niger mein nirvaasit curr diyaa gayaa.
raajneetik jeevan.
francisi chauthe ganarajya samvidhaan kii aavashyaktaon koo jaanane key baad, octuber 1946 mein babana ney khud koo francisi samajwadi party mein naamit kiya. unhone senegal key samajvadiyon kaa samarthan praapt kiya, jinamen seey sabse prasiddh leopold sengor aur lii minn kii they. babana ney apane mukhya pratidvandi, francisi mahila yavon razaak koo 63 pratishat bahumat seey haraaya. unhone mauritanian dall kaa netritva kiya, joe kshetra kaa pahala raajneetik dall thaa, jisaki sthaapana 1946 mein hui thee.
unhone baandhon, kuon aur paani key tankon sahit ack prabhaavi jall neeti kii vakaalat kii; sabhi mausam kii sadaken, jisase morakko aur senegal key liye vishvasaniya connection aur dwibhashi (arabi aur francisi) shiksha koo saksham banaaya jaa sakey. babana ney mauritania key liye poorna swatantrata aur maali key saath isaki seema key seemankan (aur samaayojan) kaa samarthan kiya. unhone jabaran shram, vyaktigat karon aur francisi sainikon key anivarya billing koo samaapt curr diyaa. babana ney francisi paschim africa mein shiksha kaanoonon aur paschim african aspatalon mein shramikon koo niyantrit karane vaale kaanoonon mein sanshodhan kaa prastaav rakhaa.
francisi sansad mein, unhone philistine key vibhajan aur israel kii maanyata kaa virodh kiya. babana ney france parr israel kii sahaayata rokane key liye dabaav daala aur maghreb key liye swatantrata kaa samarthan kiya. unhone 6 maee 1947 koo mormanga, maidagaskar mein hue narsamhar mein francisi sarkaar kii bhoomika kii jaanch shuru kii. rajkoshiya neeti key baare mein chintit babana ney shramikon key liye uchch vetan aur kisaanon key liye curr chhoot kaa samarthan kiya. unhone marshel yojana, saamoohik-saudebaji samjhauton aur chunavi pranali mein sudhaar kaa bhee samarthan kiya. babana francisi sainya bajat koo seemit karna chaahte they aur poore mauritania mein swaasthya kendra aur school sthaapit karna chaahte they. israel key virodh key bavjood, vaha lyon blum key samarthak they.
1951 aur 1956 key chunaavon mein, babana key mauritanian sangh koo mauritanian pragatisheel sangh dwara haraaya gayaa thaa. way aur kaee anuyaayi 1956 kii garmiyon key dauran morakko bhaag gaye, jahan unhone mauritanian pratirodh kii rashtriya parishad kaa netritva kiya. samooh ney mauritania key morocan daavon kaa samarthan kiya aur mauritanian swatantrata kaa virodh kiya. maee 1958 mein eleg kii congress mein, mauritanian pragatisheel sangh key vilay mein mauritanian punarsamuh party kaa gathan kiya gayaa thaa, joe mauritanian entent key tatva they joe babana aur gorgol loktaantrik gutt key virodh mein they. hatyaa key dou prayason key baad, vaha switzerland aur phir misra chalaa gayaa.
punarjagaran dalon key anusaar.
mauritanian party kii sthaapana juuna 1950 mein hui thee aur isamen babana kii sthiti thee. party ney samajik loktantra, pragati, ekataa aur bhaichare kaa samarthan kiya. france ney 1958 mein party koo samaapt curr diyaa, aur punarjagaran party kii sthaapana usa varsh isake uttaradhikari aur mauritanian pratirodh key raajneetik wing key roop mein kii gaee thee. party lokpriya hoe gaee, aur 1960 mein francisi mauritanian sarkaar (jisamen all-mukhtar auld daadaa, hamood auld mohammad, sidi all-mukhtar auld yahiya engaay aur marouf auld sheikh abdallah shamil they) ney baatchit karane kaa faisala kiya. usa samay, mauritania seey abdin, ahmadou aur anya rashtriya party netaaon koo pratibandhit curr diyaa gayaa thaa. jaba netaa mauritan kii rajdhani nouakchat pahunche, tou sayed ahmed key netritva mein pradarshankariyon ney havaai adde parr pulis seey safaltapurvak ladaai kii. pradarshan ney sarkaar koo punarjagaran party key saath baatchit karane key liye majboor curr diyaa. baaba ney 1,200 logon kii mukti senaa kii kamaan sambhali, radio, samachar patron aur parche key madhyam seey pahunch gaye. mauritania aur padosi maali, morakko aur senegal mein prashikshan kendra sthaapit kiye gaye they, jisamen sainikon ney nagrikon koo lootane yaa maarne kii pratigya naheen kii thee. apani gatividhiyon key parinamswarup, babana koo uchch rajdroh key liye "anupasthiti mein" doshi thaharaaya gayaa, unake nagrik adhikaaron seey vanchit curr diyaa gayaa aur maut kii sajaa sunai gaee. 1965 mein, babana ney mauritania aur france key beach sandhi kii sameeksha karane key baad mukti senaa koo bhang curr diyaa.
sevaanivritti.
1967 mein, babana (morakko mein nirvaasan mein) ney morakko key raajaa hassan dwiteeya seey kahaa kii unhein makka key liye morakko chhodane kii anumati dee jaae.
mrityu.
haalaanki babana morakko aur saudi arab mein rahata thaa, lekin vaha mauritania lautana chaahata thaa. jaba way laute, tou unhone nockchat mein buss gaye aur 1974 mein vahaan ack ghar banaaya. unhone tambila mein ack ghar bhee banaaya, jahan 7 julaai 1979 koo unaki mrityu hoe gaee. babaana koo unake pitaa aur daadaa key beach tambila mein dafnaya gayaa.