
aaee. bee. aim. pranali/370

aaee. bee. aim. pranali/370 (aiss./370) aaee. bee. aim. mukhya frame computers kii ack model shrinkhala haye jisaki ghoshana 30 juuna, 1970 koo pranali/360 parivaar key uttaradhikariyon key roop mein kii gaee thee. shrinkhala jyaadaatar aiss/360 key saath pichhade anukulata banaae rakhti haye, jisase grahakon key liye ack aasaan pravaas maarg kii anumati milati haye; yeh, aur behtar pradarshan, utpaad ghoshana key pramukh vishay they. sitambar 1990 mein, pranali/370 line koo pranali/390 seey badal diyaa gayaa thaa.
vikas.
mool pranali/370 line kii ghoshana 30 juuna, 1970 koo kii gaee thee, jisamen kramshah farwari 1971 aur aprail 1971 key liye 155 aur 165 model key pahale graahak shipment kii yojana banaai gaee thee. 155 pahali baar janwari 1971 mein bheja gayaa. pranali/370 mein lagbhag 20 saal key jivankal key dauran kaee vaastushilp sudhaar hue.
sanchaalan key siddhanton mein ullikhit nimnalikhit visheshtaen
aiss/360 parr vaikalpik hain lekin aiss/370 parr maanak hain, aiss/370 key saath pesh kiye gaye hain yaa ghoshana key baad aiss/370 mein jode gaye hain.
praarambhik model.
pahali pranali/370 masheenen, model 155 aur model 165, ney pranali/360 vastukala mein kewal ack chhoti sankhya mein parivartanon koo shamil kiya. inn parivartanon mein shamil hainh
inn models mein mukhya smriti thee aur inmein aabhaasi bhandaran key liye samarthan shamil naheen thaa.
tark praudyogiki.
pranali/370 key sabhi models mein aaee. bee. aim. key monolithic integrated circuit key roop kaa upayog kiya gayaa jise aim. aiss. tii. (monolithic system technology) kahaa jaataa haye, jisase way teesari peedhi key computer banaate hain. aim. aiss. tii. ney pranali/370 koo paripath ghanatva key chaar seey aathh gunaa aur pranali/360 kii pichhali doosari peedhi kii aiss. ell. tii. praudyogiki kii tulanaa mein duss gunaa seey adhik vishvasaniyata pradaan kii.
monolithic memori.
23 sitambar, 1970 koo, aaee. bee. aim. ney pranali/370 key teesare model, model 145 kii ghoshana kii, joe kii monolithic integrated circuit seey baney ardhchaalak mukhya memori koo pesh karane vaalaa pahala model thaa aur 1971 kii garmiyon key anta mein delivery key liye nirdhaarit kiya gayaa thaa. baad key sabhi aiss/370 model ney iss tarah kii memori kaa upayog kiya.
aabhaasi bhandaran.
1972 mein, ack bahut hii mahatvapurna badalaav taba kiya gayaa jaba aabhaasi bhandaran key liye samarthan koo aaee. bee. aim. kii "system/370 unnat kaary" ghoshana key saath pesh kiya gayaa thaa. aaee. bee. aim. ney shuru mein (aur vivadaspad roop seey) aiss/370 line seey aabhaasi bhandaran koo baahar karane key liye chunaa thaa. 2 agast, 1972 kii ghoshana mein shamil theh
vaastav mein iss ghoshana seey pahale aiss/370 hardware parr aabhaasi bhandaran diyaa gayaa thaah
2 agast, 1972 kii ghoshana key turant baad, aiss/370-155 aur aiss/370-165 key liye dett boxes (pataa sthanantaran hardware) unnayan kii ghoshana chupchaap kii gaee thee, lekin kewal una grahakon dwara khareed key liye upalabdh they jinake paas pahale seey hii ack model 155 yaa 165 thaa. sthaapana key baad, inn model koo aiss/370-155-iii aur aiss/370-165-iii key roop mein jaanaa jaataa thaa. aaee. bee. aim. chaahata thaa kii graahak apane 155 aur 165 pranaliyon koo vyaapak roop seey beche jaane vaale aiss/370-158 aur-168 mein upgraded karein. yeye unnayan aashcharyajanak roop seey mahange they (kramshah $200,000 aur $400,000) aur ack graahak dwara order kiye jaane key baad lambe samay taka jahaaj kii tarikh kaa samay thaa; parinamswarup, way grahakon key saath kabhi bhee lokpriya naheen they, jinamen seey adhikansh ney apane system koo teesare paksh kii patte parr dene vaali company key madhyam seey patte parr diyaa thaa. isake kaaran mool aiss/370-155 aur aiss/370-165 model koo "naav lunger" key roop mein varnit kiya gayaa. os/banaam 1 yaa os/banaam 2 chalaane key liye aavashyak unnayan, adhikansh grahakon key liye laagat prabhaavi naheen thaa jaba taka kii ibm vaastav mein ise vitarit aur sthaapit curr sakata thaa, isaliye kaee graahak inn machines key saath atake hue they joe unakaa patta samaapt honey taka mvt chala rahey they. yeh asamanya naheen thaa kii adhik durbhagyapurna logon key liye yeh chaar, paanch yaa chhah saal bhee hoe, aur os/banaam 2 mvs koo dheere-dheere apanaane mein ack mahatvapurna kaarak saabit huaa, naa kewal samanya roop seey grahakon dwara, balki kaee aantarik ibm saiton key liye bhee.
baad mein vriddhi.
baad mein vastukala parivartanon mein mukhya roop seey smriti (kendriya bhandaran) mein vistaar shamil thaa-bhautik smriti aur aabhaasi pataa sthaan donon-badey kaary bhaar koo saksham karane aur adhik bhandaran key liye graahak kii maangon koo puuraa karane key liye. yeh apariharya pravritti thee kyonki moor key niyam ney smriti kii ikai laagat koo nasht curr diyaa thaa. sabhi aaee. bee. aim. mukhya frame vikas key saath, pichhade anukulata koo sanrakshit karna sarvopari thaa.
dohri pataa jagah.
1981 mein, aaee. bee. aim. ney pranali/370 mein dohare-patey-sthaan kii suvidha koo jodaa. yeh ack karyakram koo dou patey kii jagah dene kii anumati detaa haye; niyantran register 1 mein praathamik patey kii jagah key liye khand talika mool (aiss. tii. oh.) hotaa haye aur see. aar. 7 mein maadhyamik patey kii jagah key liye aiss. tii. oh. hotaa haye. processor praathamik-sthaan mode yaa maadhyamik-sthaan mode mein chala sakata haye. jaba praathamik-sthaan mode mein, nirdesh aur detta praathamik pataa sthaan seey praapt kiye jaate hain. jaba maadhyamik pataa mode mein, operand jinake patey taarkik honey key liye paribhaashit kiye jaate hain, unhein maadhyamik pataa sthaan seey laaya jaataa haye; yeh apratyaashit haye kii kyaa nirdesh praathamik yaa maadhyamik pataa sthaan seey laae jaayenge, isaliye code koo donon patey sthaanon mein ack hii patey kii seema mein donon patey sthaanon mein mapp kiya jaanaa chaahiye. karyakram nirdhaarit pataa sthaan niyantran nirdesh key saath praathamik-sthaan aur maadhyamik-sthaan mode key beach switch curr sakata haye; praathamik parr bhee jaaen aur maadhyamik nirdeshon parr jaaen joe ack patey kii jagah mein ack patey kii seema seey dusare patey kii jagah mein ack patey kii seema mein bites kii ack shrinkhala kii pratilipi banaate hain.
pataa sthaan kii pehchaan ack pataa-sthaan sankhya (aeye. aiss. aine.) dwara kii jaati haye. aeye. aiss. aine. mein dou-stariya talika mein soochkaank hotey hain, joe dou-stariya prishth talika key samaan sanrachit hotey hain, jisamen ack upasthiti bitt vaali pravishtiyaan hoti hain, vibhinn kshetra joe pataa sthaan taka pahunch key liye dee gaee anumatiyon, praarambhik pataa aur pataa sthaan key liye khand talika kii lambai aur anya jaankaari kaa sanket dete hain. sett secondary aeye. aiss. aine. nirdesh vartamaan secondary address space koo diye gaye aeye. aiss. aine. moolya dwara pehchaane gaye address space koo banaata haye.
vistaarit vaastavik sambodhan.
praarambhik pranali/370 vastukala mein bhautik paton parr 24-bitt seema haye, joe bhautik smriti koo 16 mb taka seemit karati haye. prishth talika pravishtiyon mein 4 key. bee. prishthon key saath prishth frame patey key 12 bits aur 2 key. bee. prishthon key saath prishth frame patey key 13 bits hotey hain, isaliye prishth key bheetar 12-bitt offset key saath 12-bitt prishth frame patey yaa prishth key bheetar 11-bitt offset key saath 13-bitt prishth frame patey koo milakar 24-bitt bhautik pataa utpann hotaa haye.
system/370 mein vistaarit vaastavik sambodhan suvidha iss seema koo 26 bits taka badhaa detee haye, jisase bhautik smriti seema 64 mb taka badh jaati haye. prishth talika pravishti mein 4 key. bee. prishthon key liye dou aarakshit bits kaa upayog prishth frame patey koo badhaane key liye kiya gayaa thaa. vistaarit vaastavik pataa kewal pataa anuvaad saksham aur 4 key. bee. prishthon key saath upalabdh haye.
shrinkhala aur model.
model koo pesh kii gaee tarikh (talika) key anusaar krambaddh kiya gayaa.
nimnalikhit talika pramukh aiss/370 shrinkhalaon aur models koo sankshep mein prastut karati haye. dusare stambh mein pratyek shrinkhala seey judee pramukh vastukala koo soochibaddh kiya gayaa haye. kaee models ney ack seey adhik vastukala koo lagu kiya; iss prakaar, 308x processor shuru mein aiss/370 vastukala key roop mein bheje gaye, lekin baad mein xa kii peshkash kii gaee; aur kaee processor, jaise kii 4381 mein, microcode thaa joe aiss/370 yaa xa (baad mein, esa) sanchaalan key beach graahak chayan kii anumati detaa thaa.
system/370-sangat" bhramit karane vaale shabd koo bhee nott karein, joe kuchh utpaadon kaa varnan karane key liye aaee. bee. aim. srot dastavejon mein dikhaai diyaa. aaee. bee. aim. key baahar, yeh shabd aksar amdal nigam, hitachi limitted seey pranaliyon kaa varnan kartaa haye., aur anya, joe usee aiss/370 software koo chalaa sakate hain. aaee. bee. aim. dwara shabdawali kaa yeh vikalp una plug sangat nirmaataon (pee. see. aim. aiss.) key astitva koo nazarandaj karane kaa ack jaanboojhkar prayaas hoe sakata haye, kyonki way aaee. bee. aim. hardware prabhutva key khilaf aakramak roop seey pratispardha karate they.
model sankhya (vistrit) dwara samoohbaddh model.
aaee. bee. aim. ney nimnalikhit gyaarah (3 ankon) kii peshkashon kii ghoshana karane key liye naam pranali/370 kaa upayog kiyaah
pranali/370 model 115.
aaee. bee. aim. pranali/370 model 115 kii ghoshana 13 march, 1973 koo aaee. bee. aim. pranali/3,1130 computing pranali aur pranali/360 model 20,22 aur 25 key upayogkartaon key liye ack aadarsh pranali/370 pravesh pranali key roop mein kii gaee thee."
ise "nyuntam dou (aaee. bee. aim. key nae ghoshit) seedhe-sanlagn aaee. bee. aim. 3340 disk drive key saath vitarit kiya gayaa thaa."chaar 3340 taka jode jaa sakate hain.
cpu koo mukhya smriti key 65,536 (64key) yaa 98,304 (96key) bites key saath configure kiya jaa sakata haye. ack vaikalpik 360/20 amulator upalabdh thaa.
115 koo 9 march, 1981 koo vaapas leey liya gayaa thaa.
pranali/370 model 125.
aaee. bee. aim. pranali/370 model 125 kii ghoshana 4 octuber, 1972 koo kii gaee thee.
dou, teen yaa chaar seedhe judey aaee. bee. aim. 3333 disk bhandaran ikaaiyon koo "400 million bites taka online pradaan kiya gayaa."
mukhya smriti yaa tou 98,304 (96k) yaa 131,072 (128k) bites thee.
125 koo 9 march, 1981 koo vaapas leey liya gayaa thaa.
pranali/370 model 135.
aaee. bee. aim. pranali/370 model 135 kii ghoshana 8 march, 1971 koo kii gaee thee. aaee. bee. aim. 1400 shrinkhala (1401,1440 aur 1460) anukaran key liye chaar mukhya smriti aakaron kaa vikalp shamil thaa.
model 135 kansol mein sthit ack "reeding device" ney model 135 key microcode mein adyatan aur suvidhaon koo jodane kii anumati dee.
135 koo 16 octuber, 1979 koo vaapas leey liya gayaa thaa.
pranali/370 model 138.
aaee. bee. aim. pranali/370 model 138, jisaki ghoshana 30 juuna, 1976 koo kii gaee thee, koo yaa tou 524,288 (512key) yaa 1,048,576 (1 mb) memori key saath pesh kiya gayaa thaa. baad vaalaa "model 135 kii adhikatam kshamata seey doguna" thaa, jise "graahak sthaanon parr nae computer key aantarik pradarshan staron mein unnat kiya jaa sakata haye."
138 koo 1 navambar, 1983 koo vaapas leey liya gayaa thaa.
pranali/370 model 145.
155 aur 165 model key teen maheene baad, aaee. bee. aim. pranali/370 model 145 kii ghoshana 23 sitambar, 1970 koo kii gaee thee. ise pahali baar juuna 1971 mein bheja gayaa thaa.
monolithic mukhya smriti kaa upayog karane key liye pahali pranali/370, model 145 koo chhah smriti aakaron mein pesh kiya gayaa thaa. mukhya smriti kaa ack hissa, "punah bhaarit niyantran bhandaran" (aar. see. aiss.) koo microcode yukt ack poorv likhit disk cartridge seey load kiya gayaa thaa, udaaharan key liye, sabhi aavashyak nirdesh, aaee/oh channel, aur vaikalpik nirdesh joe system koo pahale kii aaee. bee. aim. machines kaa anukaran karane mein saksham banaate hain.
145 koo 16 octuber, 1979 koo vaapas leey liya gayaa thaa.
pranali/370 model 148.
aaee. bee. aim. pranali/370 model 148 mein vahee ghoshana aur vaapsee kii taareekhen theen joe model 138 mein theen.
135 koo feeled-upgraded karane key vikalp key saath, ack 370/145 koo "graahak sthaanon parr" 148-star key pradarshan key liye feeled-upgraded kiya jaa sakata haye. unnat 135 aur 145 pranaliyon koo "model 135-3 aur 145-3 naamit kiya gayaa thaa."
pranali/370 model 155.
aaee. bee. aim. pranali/370 model 155 aur model 165 kii ghoshana 30 juuna, 1970 koo kii gaee thee, joe 370 key dashak mein seey pahala thaa. naa hii unake paas ack dett boxes thaa; way system/360 key liye upalabdh ack hii gair-aabhaasi-memori operating system koo chalaane taka seemit they. 155 pahali baar janwari 1971 mein bheja gayaa thaa.
os/doses" (os/360 key tahat doss/360 prograam), "1401/1440/1460 aur 1410/7010" aur "7070/7074" sangatata suvidhaaen shamil kii gaeen, aur sahayak ekikrit amulator prograam maanak pranali/370 karyabhar key saath samvarti roop seey kaam curr sakate they.
agast 1972 mein aaee. bee. aim. ney kewal ack kshetra unnayan key roop mein, aaee. bee. aim. pranali/370 model 155 II kii ghoshana kii, jisane ack dett boxes jodaa.
155 aur 165 donon koo 23 disambar, 1977 koo vaapas leey liya gayaa thaa.
pranali/370 model 158.
aaee. bee. aim. pranali/370 model 158 aur 370/168 kii ghoshana 2 agast, 1972 koo kii gaee thee.
isamen gatishil pataa anuvaad (dett) hardware shamil thaa, joe nae aabhaasi smriti sanchaalan pranaliyon (doss/banaam, os/banaam 1, os/banaam 2) key liye ack poorv shart thee.
ack kaskar yugmit bahu-processor (mp) model upalabdh thaa, jaisa kii ack vaikalpik channel-too-channel adaptor key madhyam seey iss pranali koo ack aur 360 yaa 370 mein shithil roop seey jodane kii kshamata thee.
158 aur 168 koo 15 sitambar, 1980 koo vaapas leey liya gayaa thaa.
pranali/370 model 165.
aaee. bee. aim. pranali/370 model 165 koo aaee. bee. aim. dwara "madhyam paimaane" 370/155 kii tulanaa mein "adhik shaktishali" key roop mein varnit kiya gayaa thaa. ise pahali baar aprail 1971 mein bheja gayaa thaa.
sangatata visheshtaon mein 7070/7074,7080, aur 709/7090/7094 7094 key liye anukaran shamil thaa.
kuchh logon ney microcoded banaam hardwired key upayog koo 370/165 key liye ack pull key roop mein varnit kiya haye.
agast 1972 mein aaee. bee. aim. ney kewal ack kshetra unnayan key roop mein, aaee. bee. aim. pranali/370 model 165 II kii ghoshana kii, jisane ack dett boxes jodaa.
165 koo 23 disambar, 1977 koo vaapas leey liya gayaa thaa.
pranali/370 model 168.
aaee. bee. aim. pranali/370 model 168 mein mukhya smriti kaa "aathh megabyte taka" shamil thaa, joe adhikatam 4 megabyte seey doguna thaa. 
370/158.
isamen gatishil pataa anuvaad (dee. tii.) hardware shamil thaa, joe nae aabhaasi smriti sanchaalan pranaliyon key liye ack poorv-aavashyakta thee.
haalaanki 168 ney aaee. bee. aim. kii "pramukh" pranali key roop mein kaam kiya, 1975 key ack nae brief ney kahaa kii aaee. bee. aim. ney "amdahal chunauti key maddenajar" phir seey 370/168 kii shakti koo badhaaya... behtar 168-3 processor pesh karane key kewal 10 maheene baad."
370/168 sitambar 1980 taka vaapas naheen liya gayaa thaa.
pranali/370 model 195.
aaee. bee. aim. pranali/370 model 195 kii ghoshana 30 juuna, 1970 koo kii gaee thee aur usa samay, yeh aaee. bee. aim. kii sabse shaktishali computing pranali thee."
isaki shuruat isake pratyaksh poorvavarti, 360/195 kii ghoshana key lagbhag 14 maheene baad hui. donon 195 machines koo farwari mein vaapas leey liya gayaa thaa. 9, 1977.
pranali/370-sangat.
1977 mein shuruat karate hue, aaee. bee. aim. ney "pranali/370 parivaar key ack sangat sadasya" key vivaran kaa upayog karate hue naee pranaliyon koo pesh karna shuru kiya."
aaee. bee. aim. 303x.
praarambhik uchch anta vaali machines mein seey pahali, aaee. bee. aim. kii 3033, kii ghoshana 25 march, 1977 koo kii gaee thee aur agale march mein vitarit kii gaee thee, jiss samay 3033 key ack bahu-processor sanskaran kii ghoshana kii gaee thee. aaee. bee. aim. ney ise "badaa" bataaya."
aaee. bee. aim. ney 3033 key baare mein nott kiya, peechhe mudkar dekhate hue, kii "jaba ise 25 march, 1977 koo roll out kiya gayaa thaa, tou 3033 ney company key pichhale pramukh system/370 model 168-3 kii aantarik sanchaalan gati koo grahan curr liya..."
aaee. bee. aim. 3031 aur aaee. bee. aim. 3032 kii ghoshana octuber mein kii gaee thee. 7, 1977 aur vaapas leey liya gayaa. 8, 1985.
aaee. bee. aim. 308x.
teen pranaliyon mein uchch anta machines kii agali shrinkhala, aaee. bee. aim. kii 308x pranaaliyan shamil theenh
sankhya key bavjood, sabse cumm shaktishali 3083 thaa, jise 3081 taka kshetra-unnayan kiya jaa sakata thaa; 3084 rekha kaa sheersh thaa.
inn models ney aaee. bee. aim. kii vistaarit vastukala kii 31-bitt pataa kshamata aur pichhale utpaadon aur os/banaam 2 aar3.8 key hisse kii jagah pichhade sangat aim. vee. aiss/vistaarit vastukala (aim. vee. aiss/aiks. aeye.) software kaa ack sett pesh kiyaah
sabhi teen 308x pranaliyon koo 4 agast, 1987 koo vaapas leey liya gayaa thaa.
aaee. bee. aim. 3090.
uchch-anta machines kii agali shrinkhala, aaee. bee. aim. 3090,200 aur 400 model key saath shuru hui. unhein farwari mein ghoshit kiya gayaa thaa. 12, 1985, aur kramshah dou yaa chaar cpu key saath configure kiye gaye they. aaee. bee. aim. ney baad mein 120,150,180,300,500 aur 600 model kii ghoshana kii, jisamen cumm, madhyavarti aur uchch kshamataaen hain; model sankhya kaa pahala ank kendriya processor kii sankhya detaa haye.
ee model seey shuru karate hue, aur jey aur aiss model key saath jaari rakhate hue, aaee. bee. aim. ney udyam pranali vastukala/370 (ee. aiss. aeye./370), processor sansaadhan/pranali prabandhak (pee. aar./aiss. aim.) aur pichhale utpaadon kii jagah pichhade sangat aim. vee. aiss./udyam pranali vastukala (aim. vee. aiss./ee. aiss. aeye.) software kaa ack sett pesh kiyaah
3090 key liye vaikalpik vector suvidha (vee. aff.) vistaar kii aaee. bee. aim. kii peshkash aise samay mein aaee jaba vector prasanskaran/sarani prasanskaran ney cray aur niyantran detta nigam (see. dee. see.) jaise naamon kaa sujhaav diyaa.
200 aur 400 koo 5 maee, 1989 koo vaapas leey liya gayaa thaa.
aaee. bee. aim. 4300.
aaee. bee. aim. 4300 processors kii pahali jodee madhya/nimn anta pranali thee jisaki ghoshana janwari 30,1979 koo "compact (aur)" key roop mein kii gaee thee.. pranali/370 key saath sangat."
4331 koo baad mein 18 navambar, 1981 koo aur 4341 koo 11 farwari, 1986 koo vaapas leey liya gayaa.
anya model 4321,4361 aur 4381 they.
4361 mein "prograam karane yogya power-off-upayogkarta koo prograam niyantran key tahat processor koo bund karane mein saksham banaata haye"; "unit power off" 4381 suvidha soochi kaa hissa (bhee) haye.
aaee. bee. aim. ney 4300 parivaar key kaee model samoohon aur model kii peshkash kii, jisamen pravesh star 4331 seey laker 4381 taka shamil they, jinhen aaee. bee. aim. dwara utpaadit sabse shaktishali aur bahumukhi madhyavarti pranali processors mein seey ack key roop mein varnit kiya gayaa haye."
4381 model samooh 3 dohri-cpu thee.
aaee. bee. aim. 9370.
7 octuber, 1986 koo ghoshit iss nimn-anta pranali koo "aaee. bee. aim. grahakon kii computing aavashyaktaon koo puuraa karane key liye design kiya gayaa thaa joe pranali/370 aatmiyata koo mahatva dete hain" aur "karyalaya key vatavaran mein kaam karane key liye paryaapt chhota aur shaant thaa."
aaee. bee. aim. ney pravesh software kii kimaton, samarthan aur prashikshan aavashyaktaon mein paryaapt kamee, aur mamuli bijli kii khapat aur rakharkhaav laagat key prati apani samvedansheelta koo bhee nott kiya."
isake alawa, isane kahaa kii "computing kii aavashyaktaaen badhane" key saath-saath pratikriya karane mein saksham honey key liye chhote seey madhyam aakar key vyavsaayon kii aavashyaktaon key baare mein apani jagrukta, yeh kahate hue kii "aaee. bee. aim. 9370 pranali koo samaayojit karane key liye atirikt suvidhaon aur rack koo jodkar aasaani seey vistaarit kiya jaa sakata haye..."
yeh ack aise samay mein aaya jaba digital upkaran nigam (dee. see.) aur isaki vacs pranali hardware aur software donon mein majboot pratiyogi theen; usa samay key media ney aaee. bee. aim. key kathit "vacs killer" vakyansh koo aksar sandeh key saath prastut kiya.
clone.
360 key yug mein, kaee nirmaataon ney pahale seey hii aaee. bee. aim./360 nirdesh sett aur ack degree taka, 360 vastukala parr maankeekrit kiya thaa. ullekhaniya computer nirmaataon mein univac 9000 shrinkhala key saath univac, rca spectra 70 shrinkhala key saath rca, angreji vidyut pranali 4 key saath angreji vidyut aur soviyat ee. vee. aim. shamil they. yeye computer poori tarah seey sangat naheen they, naa hii (russie prayason koo chhodkar) unakaa irada thaa.
1970 key dashak mein aaee. bee. aim./370 kii shuruat aur jeane emdal dwara apani company key shubharambh key saath yeh badal gayaa. lagbhag usee samay, japani diggajon ney desh aur videsh donon mein aakarshak mukhya frame bajar parr nazar rakhni shuru curr dee. ack japani sangh ney aaee. bee. aim. key pratiyogiyon key samooh (baroj/univac/aine. see. aar./controll detta/honeywell) seey aaee. bee. aim. aur dou anya parr dhyaan kendrit kiya. baad key prayason koo chhod diyaa gayaa aur antatah sabhi japani prayason ney aaee. bee. aim. mukhya frame lines parr dhyaan kendrit kiya.
yug key kuchh clones mein shamil hainh
vastukala vivaran.
aaee. bee. aim. pralekhan uchch crum seey nimn crum taka key bits koo sankhya detaa haye; sabse mahatvapurna (sabse baaen) bitt koo bitt sankhya 0 key roop mein naamit kiya jaataa haye.
aiss/370 ack computer system vastukala vinirdesh koo bhee sandarbhit kartaa haye, aur yeh pranali/360 vastukala kaa ack pratyaksh aur jyaadaatar pichhade sangat vikas haye jisase yeh adhikansh pahaluon koo barkarar rakhta haye. yeh vinirdesh karyanvayan parr hii koee dhaarana naheen banaata haye, balki ack karyanvayan key interfaces aur apekshit vyavhaar kaa varnan kartaa haye. vastukala anivarya interfaces kaa varnan karati haye joe sabhi karyanvayanon aur vaikalpik interfaces parr upalabdh honah chaahiye jinhen lagu kiya jaa sakata haye yaa naheen bhee.
iss vastukala key kuchh pahalu iss prakaar hainh
kuchh vaikalpik visheshtaen hainh
aaee. bee. aim. ney yeh sunishchit karane key liye bahut dhyaan rakhaa kii vastukala mein parivartan visheshaadhikaar praapt (samasya sthiti) karyakramon key liye sangat rahein; kuchh nae interfaces ney visheshaadhikaar praapt (paryavekshak mode) karyakramon key liye praarambhik interfaces anubandh koo naheen todaa. kuchh udaaharan hain -
anya parivartan kewal visheshaadhikaar praapt karyakramon key liye sangat they, halanki visheshaadhikaar praapt karyakramon key liye parivartan seemit dayare key they aur achchi tarah seey paribhaashit they. kuchh udaaharan hainh
yeh sunishchit karane key liye bahut dhyaan rakhaa gayaa kii vastukala mein aage key sanshodhan sangat rahein, cumm seey cumm jahaan taka gair-visheshaadhikaar praapt karyakramon kaa sambandh haye. yeh darshan aiss/370 vastukala kii paribhasha seey pahale kaa haye aur aiss/360 vastukala key saath shuru huaa. yadi kuchh niyamon kaa paalan kiya jaataa haye, tou iss vastukala key liye likhaa gayaa ack karyakram iss vastukala key uttaradhikariyon parr ichchit parinamon key saath chalega.
aisaa ack udaaharan yeh haye kii aiss/370 vastukala nirdisht karati haye kii 64-bitt pee. aiss. doubleu. register bitt sankhya 32 koo 0 parr sett kiya jaanaa haye aur anyatha aisaa karane seey ack apavaad kii or jaataa haye. baad mein, jaba aiss/370-xa vastukala koo paribhaashit kiya gayaa thaa, tou yeh kahaa gayaa thaa kii yeh bitt ingit karega kii kyaa karyakram 24-bitt pataa vastukala yaa 31-bitt pataa vastukala kii ummeed karane vaalaa karyakram thaa. iss prakaar, 24-bitt vastukala parr chalane vaale adhikansh prograam abhee bhee 31-bitt pranaliyon parr chala sakate hain; 64-bitt jaid/vastukala mein 64-bitt paton key liye ack atirikt mode bitt haye, taaki way prograam, aur prograam joe 31-bitt vastukala parr chalate hain, abhee bhee 64-bitt pranaliyon parr chala sakate hain.
haalaanki, sabhi interfaces sangat naheen reh sakate hain. gair-niyantran karyakramon (jinhen samasya raajya karyakram kahaa jaataa haye) key anukool rahane parr jore diyaa gayaa thaa. iss prakaar, operating system koo naee vastukala mein port kiya jaanaa chaahiye kyonki niyantran interfaces ack asangat tareeke seey punarparibhashit hoe sakate hain (aur they). udaaharan key liye, aaee/oh interfaces koo aiss/370-xa mein punah design kiya gayaa thaa, jisase aaee/oh sanchaalan jaari karane vaale aiss/370 prograam koo upayog mein naheen laaya jaa sakata thaa.
aiss/370 pratisthaapan.
1990 key dashak mein aaee. bee. aim. ney pranali/370 line koo pranali/390 key saath badal diyaa, aur isi tarah vastukala koo ee. aiss. aeye./370 seey ee. aiss. aeye./390 taka badhaa diyaa. yeh ack mamuli vaastushilp parivartan thaa, aur oopar kii or sangat thaa.
2000 mein, pranali/390 koo jaid seereez (abb aaee. bee. aim. jaid. kahaa jaataa haye) key saath badal diyaa gayaa thaa. jaid seereej mainframe ney 64-bitt jaid/architecture kii shuruat kii, joe 31-bitt sankraman key baad seey sabse mahatvapurna design sudhaar haye. sabhi ney mool aiss/360 vastukala aur nirdesh sett key saath aavashyak pichhade anukulata koo banaae rakhaa haye.
aiss/370 parr jee. see. see. aur linux.
jee. aine. yuu. sankalak sangrah (jee. see. see.) kaa aiss/370 key liye ack back aind thaa, lekin yeh samay key saath aprachalit hoe gayaa aur anta mein aiss/390 backend key saath badal diyaa gayaa. haalaanki aiss/370 aur aiss/390 nirdesh sett anivarya roop seey samaan hain (aur aiss/360 kii shuruat key baad seey susangat rahey hain), puraane system parr jee. see. see. sanchaalan koo chhod diyaa gayaa haye. jee. see. see. vartamaan mein una machines parr kaam kartaa haye jinamen pranali/390 peedhi 5 (jee5) kaa poorna nirdesh sett haye, linux/390 key praarambhik release key liye hardware platform. haalaanki, jee. see. see. 3.2.3 kaa ack alag seey banaae rakhaa gayaa sanskaran joe aiss/370 key liye kaam kartaa haye, upalabdh haye, jise jee. see. see. aim. vee. aiss. key roop mein jaanaa jaataa haye.
aaee/oh vikas.
mool aiss/360 seey aiss/370 taka kaa vikas.
block multiplexer channel, joe pahale kewal 360/85 aur 360/195 parr upalabdh thaa, vastukala kaa ack maanak hissa thaa. anukulata key liye yeh ack chayankarta channel key roop mein kaam curr sakata haye. block multiplexer channel ekal bite (1.5 mb/aiss) aur double bite (3 mb/aiss) sanskaranon mein upalabdh they.
mool aiss/370 key baad seey aaee/oh vikas.
dett ghoshana key hisse key roop mein, aaee. bee. aim. ney chainalon koo apratyaksh detta pataa soochiyon (aaee. dee. ell.) key liye unnat kiya. aaee/oh aim. aim. yuu. kaa ack roop.
detta streaming chainalon kii gati ack ekal bite interfaces parr 3 mb/aiss thee, jise baad mein 4.5 mb/aiss taka unnat kiya gayaa.
channel sett switching ney ack processor koo multiprocessor configuration mein dusare processor seey aaee/oh karyabhar lene kii anumati dee yadi yeh whiffle hoe gayaa yaa rakharkhaav key liye offline liya gayaa. 
system/370-xa ney ack channel subsystem pesh kiya joe pahale operating system dwara kiye gaye aaee/oh kataar kaa pradarshan kartaa thaa.
pranali/390 ney escon channel, ack optical fiber, aadhaa-duplexes, serial channel kii shuruat kii, jisaki adhikatam doori 43 kilometres thee. mool roop seey 10 aim. bee. tii./aiss. parr sanchaalit, baad mein ise badhaakar 17 aim. bee. tii./aiss. curr diyaa gayaa.
baad mein, silicon maanak aaee. bee. aim. mainframe channel bunn gayaa; fiber connection (aff. see.) fiber channel (aff. see.) protocol key liye aeye. aine. aiss. aaee. aff. see.-aiss. bee.-3 ekal-bite kamaand code sett-3 mapping protocol key liye aaee. bee. aim. swaamitva naam haye jiska upayog aaee. bee. aim. key poorvavarti (yaa tou aiss. see. aine. yaa samanantar buss aur tagg) channel-too-controll-unit cabling buniyaadi dhaanche aur protocol donon koo maanak aff. see. sevaaon aur buniyaadi dhaanche parr 100 kimmy. taka kii doori parr 16 gigabit/sekand taka detta daron parr mapp karane key liye kiya jaataa haye. fiber channel protocol (aff. see. pee.) silicon key samaan buniyaadi dhaanche kaa upayog karke aiss. see. aiss. aaee. upkaranon koo jodane kii anumati detaa haye.