
charles chaturth, pavitra roman samrat

charles IV (;;; 14 maee 1316-29 navambar 1378), jinhen charles off luxemberg key naam seey bhee jaanaa jaataa haye, bohemia key pahale raajaa they joe pavitra roman samrat baney. vaha apane pitaa kii or seey luxemberg key gharaane aur apani maan kii or seey premislid key bohemian gharaane key sadasya they; unhone apani viraasat key bohemian paksh key liye apane aajivan lagaav key kaaran aur yeh bhee kii premislid vansh mein unake pratyaksh poorvajon mein dou sant shamil they.
vaha bohemia key johnn, bohemia key raajaa aur luxemberg key count key sabse badey bete aur uttaradhikari they, jinaki mrityu 26 agast 1346 koo cracy kii ladaai mein hui thee. unaki maan, elizabeth, bohemia kii raani, bohemia aur polland key raajaa vensalos III kii bahan theen, joe bohemia key purush premislid shasakon mein seey antim theen. charles koo apane pitaa seey luxemberg county viraasat mein millie aur unhein bohemia raajya kaa raajaa chunaa gayaa. 2 sitambar 1347 koo charles koo bohemia key raajaa kaa taaj pahanaaya gayaa.
11 julaai 1346 koo, rajkumar-nirvaachakon ney unhein pavitra roman samrat lui chaturth key virodh mein romanon key raajaa ("rakes romanoram") key roop mein chunaa. charles koo 26 navambar 1346 koo bonn mein taaj pahanaaya gayaa thaa. apane pratidvandi kii mrityu key baad, unhein 1349 mein phir seey chunaa gayaa aur unhein romanon kaa raajaa ghoshit kiya gayaa. 1355 mein, unhein itali key raajaa aur pavitra roman samrat kaa taaj pahanaaya gayaa. 1365 mein bargandi key raajaa key roop mein apane rajyabhishek key saath, vaha pavitra roman samrajya key sabhi raajyon key vyaktigat shaasak bunn gaye.
bohemia samrajya key raajneetik aur saanskritik itihas mein ack jabardast bhoomika nibhaane key baad, vaha check ganarajya mein ack bahut hii lokpriya vyakti baney hue hain. 1356 key swarn bail ney pavitra roman samrajya kii rajneeti mein ack sanrachanaatmak parivartan koo chihnit kiya. haalaanki unaki viraasat key kaee pahalu ack vivadaspad vishay baney hue hain. charles kii chhavi ack buddhiman, pavitra, shaantipriya raajaa (aanshik roop seey charles dwara swayam nirmit) key roop mein aaj taka prabhaavshaali saabit hui haye, jise charles key shasankal key dauran yaa usake baad nirmit kaee kalaatmak yaa vidwan pariyojanaon dwara samarthit kiya gayaa haye.
jeevan.
janm aur bachpan.
charles kaa janm luxemberg rajvansh key bohemia key johnn aur praag mein bohemian premislid rajvansh kii bohemia kii raani elizabeth key ghar huaa thaa. unake naana bohemian raajaa vensalos dwiteeya they. unhone apane chaacha, france key raajaa charles chaturth key sammaan mein charles naam kaa chayan kiya, jinake darbar mein way saat saal taka rahey.
charles ney francisi shiksha praapt kii aur way paanch bhaashaon mein sakshar aur dharapravah theh lattin, check, german, french aur italvi.
itali aur moravia.
1331 mein, unhone apane pitaa key saath itali mein yuddh kaa kuchh anubhav praapt kiya. 1333 kii shuruat mein, charles apane shasson koo majboot karane key liye lukka (tuscany) gaye. shahar kii raksha key prayaas mein, charles ney paas key kille aur montecarlo (charles kaa parvat) shahar kii sthaapana kii.
1333 seey, unhone apane pitaa kii lagaatar anupasthiti aur bigadati drishti key kaaran bohemian taaj kii bhoomi kaa prashaasan kiya. 1334 mein, charles koo moravia kaa margrave naam diyaa gayaa, joe simhaasan key uttaradhikariyon key liye paaramparik upaadhi thee. dou saal baad, unhone apane bhaai, johnn heinry kii or seey tyrol kii sarkaar sambhali, aur jald hii iss county key kabje key liye ack sangharsh mein sakriya roop seey shamil hoe gaye.
romanon kaa raajaa.
11 julaai 1346 koo, apane pitaa aur samrat lui chaturth key athak dushman pope clement VI key beach gathbandhan key parinamswarup, charles koo rains mein kuchh rajkumar-nirvaachakon dwara lui key virodh mein roman raajaa key roop mein chunaa gayaa thaa. jaisa kii unhone pahale clement key adheen honey kaa vaadaa kiya thaa, unhone 1347 mein pope koo vyaapak riyaayaten deen. vishal kshetron key kabje mein pope key shasson kii pushti karate hue, unhone clement key khilaf luis key krityon koo radd karane, italvi mamalon mein koee bhaag naheen lene aur church kii raksha karane kaa vaadaa kiya.
charles IV germany mein bahut kamjor sthiti mein they. unake chunaav kii sharton key kaaran, unhein upahaaspurna roop seey "pujaariyon key raajaa" ("fafenconig") key roop mein sandarbhit kiya gayaa thaa. kaee bishap aur lagbhag sabhi shaahi shahar luis dha bavarian key prati wafadar rahey. isase bhee badatar, charles ney sou saal key yuddh mein galat paksh kaa samarthan kiya, agast 1346 mein cracy kii ladaai mein apane pitaa aur apane kaee sarvshreshth shurveeron koo khou diyaa, jisamen charles khud maidan seey ghayal hoe gaye.
haalaanki, germany mein grihyuddh koo rokaa gayaa thaa, jaba 11 octuber 1347 koo bhalu key shikaar key dauran ack aghaat seey peedit honey key baad lui IV kii mrityu hoe gaee thee. janwari 1349 mein, whittelsback pakshakaron key gharaane ney raajaa key roop mein gunthar wonn schwarzberg key chunaav koo surakshit karane kaa prayaas kiya, lekin unhone kuchh samarthakon koo aakarshit kiya aur maee mein altville kii gherabandi mein charles seey haar gaye. isake baad, charles koo shaahi simhaasan parr apane daave key liye koee seedha khatra naheen thaa.
charles ney shuru mein apane shakti aadhar koo surakshit karane key liye kaam kiya. bohemia plaig seey achhoota rhaa thaa. praag unaki rajdhani bunn gaee, aur unhone peris key model parr shahar kaa punarnirmaan kiya, nae shahar ("noway mesto") kii sthaapana kii. 1348 mein, unhone praag mein charles vishvavidyalaya kii sthaapana kii, jiska naam baad mein unake naam parr rakhaa gayaa aur yeh madhya europe kaa pahala vishvavidyalaya thaa. yeh naukarshahon aur vakeelon key liye ack prashikshan sthal key roop mein kaary kartaa thaa. jald hii praag madhya europe key bauddhik aur saanskritik kendra key roop mein ubhara.
apane virodhiyon kii kathinaaiyon kaa achchha upayog karane key baad, charles koo 17 juuna 1349 koo frankfurt mein phir seey chunaa gayaa aur 25 julaai 1349 koo aachen mein phir seey taaj pahanaaya gayaa. vaha jald hii samrajya key nirvivaad shaasak they. uphaaron yaa vaadon ney renish aur swabian shaharon kaa samarthan hassil curr liya thaa; ack vivaah gathbandhan ney habsberg kii dosti koo surakshit kiya; aur bavaria key rudolf dwiteeya, raain key count palatine key saath ack gathbandhan taba praapt huaa jaba charles, joe 1348 mein ack vidhur bunn gaye they, ney rudolf kii betty annaa seey shaadi kii.
1350 mein, roman tribune colla dee reenjo dwara praag mein raajaa seey mulakat kii gaee, jinhone unase itali jaane kaa aagrah kiya, jahan kavi petrarch aur florence key nagrikon ney bhee unaki upasthiti kaa anurodh kiya. inn anurodhon parr kaana naa lagaate hue, charles ney colla koo ack saal taka jail mein rakhaa, aur phir usey avignon mein kaid karane key liye ack kaidi key roop mein saunp diyaa.
praag key baahar, charles ney apane shaahi adhikaar kaa upayog karate hue sileshiya, oopari palatinate aur franconia mein jaagiron koo praapt karane key liye bohemian crown bhoomi kaa vistaar karane kaa prayaas kiya. baad key kshetron mein "nayaa bohemia" shamil thaa, joe bohemia koo reinland mein luxemberg kshetron key saath jodane key uddeshya seey sampatti kii ack shrinkhala thee. haalaanki, bohemian estate inn udyamon mein charles kaa samarthan karane key liye taiyar naheen they. jaba charles ney 1355 key mastas carolina mein bohemian kaanoon koo samhitaabaddh karane kii maang kii, tou unhein teevra pratirodh kaa saamana karna padaa. usa samay key baad, charles ney kendrikaran mein apane prayason koo cumm karna samichin paaya.
pavitra roman samrat.
1354 mein, charles ney binaa senaa key alps koo paar kiya, sent mein lombard mukut praapt kiya. ambrose basilica, milan, 6 janwari 1355 koo, aur usee varsh 5 aprail koo ack cardinal dwara rome mein samrat kaa taaj pahanaaya gayaa. aisaa prateet hotaa haye kii unakaa ekmatra uddeshya pope clement seey pahale kiye gaye vaade key anusaar shaanti seey shaahi taaj praapt karna thaa. roman logon kii ichchhaon key bavjood, vaha kewal kuchh ghanton key liye shahar mein rahey. itali mein sabhi shaahi adhikaaron koo lagbhag tyagane key baad, samrat ney alps koo phir seey paar kiya, jiska peechha petrarch key tiraskarpurna shabdon ney kiya, lekin kaafee dhana seey bharaa huaa thaa. apani vaapsee parr, charles samrajya key prashaasan mein vyast they, phir black death seey ubarate hue, aur 1356 mein, unhone raajaa key chunaav koo viniyamit karane key liye prasiddh sunhare bail koo ghoshit kiya.
ack bhaai, johnn heinry koo moravia dene aur luxemberg county koo dusare key liye ack duchy, venslaus mein sthaapit karane key baad, vaha muaavaje key roop mein anya kshetron koo surakshit karane aur bohemian rajshahi koo majboot karane key apane prayason mein nirantar they. iss uddeshya key liye unhone 1353 mein gande key oopari palatinate kaa hissa kharida, aur 1367 mein nichale lusatia koo bohemia mein milaa liya aur germany key vibhinn hisson mein kaee sampattiyan khareed leen. 1363 mein oopari bavaria key duke aur tyrol kii ginati, minehard kii mrityu parr, oopari bavaria parr samrat luis chaturth key putron dwara daavaa kiya gayaa thaa, aur austriya key duke rudolf chaturth dwara tyrol parr daavaa kiya gayaa thaa. donon daavon koo charles ney iss samajh parr sweekaar kiya thaa kii yadi yeye parivaar marr jaate hain tou donon kshetron koo luxemberg key ghar mein jaanaa chaahiye. lagbhag usee samay, unhein brandenberg key margerwaite key uttaradhikar kaa vaadaa kiya gayaa thaa, jise unhone vaastav mein 1373 mein apane bete vensalos key liye praapt kiya thaa.
polland key casimir III aur hangri key lui I ney charles key khilaf ack sajish rachee aur bavaria key otto V koo shamil honey key liye manaane mein kamyab rahey. julaai 1371 kii shuruat mein, margrave otto dwara sampatti anubandh key nirsan key baad, charles IV ney shatruta kii ghoshana kii aur brandenberg key margarevate parr aakraman kiya; dou saal key sangharsh key baad, 1373 mein brandenberg check bhoomi kaa hissa bunn gayaa. yeh taba thaa jaba unhone apane nae kshetra, usake gaanvon, logon aur aaya koo maapane kaa adesh diyaa thaa. yeh 1375 mein samaapt hue gaanvon mein darj kiya gayaa thaa. iss pustak mein pahali baar kaee gaanvon kaa ullekh kiya gayaa thaa, taaki yeh jaankaari pradaan curr sakey kii way kitane puraane hain. unhone apani teesari patni, heinry dwiteeya kii betty, sweeden key duke aur hangri kii catherine, enaa wonn schwednitz key madhyam seey viraasat mein mille, jisase unhone sileshiyan kshetra kaa ack badaa hissa bhee praapt kiya. 1365 mein, charles ney avinan mein pope urban vee kaa daura kiya aur unhein rome leey jaane kaa beedaa uthaaya; usee avsar parr unhein arles mein bargandi key raajaa kaa taaj pahanaaya gayaa.
itali kii unaki doosari yatra 1368 mein hui jaba unhone vitterbo mein pope urban vee key saath ack baithak kii, siena mein apane mahal mein gher liya gayaa, aur 1369 key anta seey pahale desh chhod diyaa. apane baad key varshon key dauran, samrat ney 1376 mein romanon key raajaa key roop mein apane bete vensalos key chunaav koo surakshit karane aur 1378 mein shaharon key swabian leag aur kuchh raeeson key beach shaanti vaarta karane key alawa german mamalon mein bahut cumm bhaag liya. apane teen beton aur apane bhateejon key beach apani bhoomi vibhajit karane key baad, navambar 1378 mein praag mein unaki mrityu hoe gaee, jahaan unhein dafnaya gayaa thaa, aur jahaan 1848 mein unaki smriti mein ack moorti khadee kii gaee thee.
charles IV gathiya (chayapachaya gathiya) seey peedit they, joe usa samay kaafee aam thee.
viraasat.
mulyankan.
charles IV key shasankal mein samrajya kii prakriti mein parivartan huaa aur ise bohemia key swarn yug key roop mein yaad kiya jaataa haye. unhone 1356 key swarn bail koo ghoshit kiya, jisake tahat shaahi upaadhi kaa uttaradhikar nirdhaarit kiya gayaa thaa, joe agali chaar shataabdiyon taka banaa rhaa.
unhone samrajya key raajyon koo shaanti-rakshak sanghon mein bhee sangathit kiya. inmein shaahi shaharon kaa pramukhta seey chitran thaa. 1370 kaa swabian landfried sangh lagbhag poori tarah seey shaahi shaharon seey banaa thaa. usee samay, leegon kaa ayojan aur netritva taaj aur usake agents dwara kiya jaataa thaa. matdaataon kii tarah, inn leegon mein seva karane vaale shaharon koo shaanti banaae rakhane key unake prayason mein sahaayata karane kaa visheshaadhikaar diyaa gayaa thaa.
unhone habsberg key saath uttaradhikar sandhiyon aur brandenberg kii khareed key madhyam seey samrajya kii purvi seemaon parr apane prabhutva kaa ashvasana diyaa. unhone prussia aur livonia key yoddha raajyon parr shaahi prabhutva kaa bhee daavaa kiya.
2005 mein charles IV ney tv show "nejvetsi cheech" mein pahala sthaan praapt kiya, joe kii bbc "gratest brittons" show kaa check spin-off thaa.
sanskriti aur kalaa kaa sanrakshan.
charles chaturth key shasankal key dauran praag pavitra roman samrajya kii rajdhani bunn gaee. shaahi sansthaapak aur sanrakshak kaa naam kaee smarakon aur sansthanon parr banaa huaa haye, udaaharan key liye charles vishvavidyalaya, charles brij, charles squire. unake sanrakshan mein peater parlor dwara uchch gothik praag mahal aur sent vitus key cathedral kaa hissa bhee banaaya gayaa thaa. anta mein, praag mein pandulipi chitrakala kaa pahala phool charles key shasankal seey haye. vartamaan check ganarajya mein, unhein abhee bhee "pitaa deshbhakt" (desh key pitaa yaa "otech vlasty") key roop mein maanaa jaataa haye, ack upaadhi joe pahali baar adulberts ranconis dee arisinio dwara unake antim sanskar mein gadhaa gayaa thaa.
charles key neuremberg key saath bhee majboot sambandh they, joe 52 baar shahar kii divaaron key bheetar rahey aur iss tarah german shaharon key beach apani pratishtha koo majboot kiya. charles 1352 aur 1362 key beach nirmit neuremberg fruenkirche key sanrakshak they (vastukar sambhavatah peater parlor they), jahan shaahi darbar neuremberg mein apane pravaas key dauran pooja kartaa thaa.
charles kii shaahi neeti vanshvaad key kshetra parr kendrit thee aur isaijagat key saarvbhaumik rajshahi key roop mein samrajya key uchch aadarsh koo tyag diyaa. 1353 mein, unhone apane sautele bhaai, venceslaus koo luxemberg kii duchy pradaan kii. unhone apani oorjaa mukhya roop seey bohemia key aarthik aur bauddhik vikas parr kendrit kii, jahan unhone 1348 mein vishvavidyalaya kii sthaapana kii aur praarambhik manavtavadiyon koo protsaahit kiya. unhone petrarch key saath patrachar kiya aur unhein praag mein shaahi nivaas parr jaane key liye aamantrit kiya, jabaki italvi koo ummeed thee-koee fayda naheen huaa-kii charles apane nivaas koo rome mein sthanantarit curr denge aur roman samrajya kii parampara koo phir seey jaagrit karenge.
charles kii bahan bonaa ney 1335 mein france key phillip VI key sabse badey bete, france key bhaavi johnn II seey shaadi kii. iss prakaar, charles france key charles V key maama they, jinhone 1356 mein peris key vidroh key dauran metz mein apane rishtedaar kii salah maangi thee. iss parivarik sambandh koo saarvajanik roop seey taba manaaya gayaa jaba charles ney apani mrityu seey kuchh maheene pahale 1378 mein apane bhatije seey mulakat kii thee. iss avsar kaa ack vistrit vivaran, joe kaee shandar laghu chitron seey samriddh haye, charles banaam kii "grandes chronic dee france" kii prati mein paaya jaa sakata haye.
mahal.
charles IV dwara nirmit yaa sthaapit mahalah
parivaar.
vivaah aur bachche.
charles ney chaar baar shaadi kii thee. unaki pahali patni charles kii betty, valois kii ginati, aur france key raajaa phillip VII kii sauteli bahan, valois (1316-1348) kii blanch thee. unake teen bachche theh
unhone doosari baar bavaria key annaa seey shaadi kii, (1329-1353), rudolf dwiteeya kii betty, gande key count palatine; unakaa ack betaa thaah
unaki teesari patni annaa wonn schwednitz (1339-1362), heinry dwiteeya kii betty, shwidanika key duke aur anjou kii catherina (charles pratham robbert, hangri key raajaa kii betty) theen, jinase unake teen bachche hueh
unaki chauthi patni pomerania kii elizabeth (1345 yaa 1347-1393), bogislav banaam, pomerania key duke aur polland kii elizabeth kii betty theen, joe polland key raajaa kasimir III kii betty theen. unake chhah bachche theh
charles kaa ack avaidh betaa thaa, villium, jiska janm 1362 mein ack agyaat mahila key ghar huaa thaa. unakaa paalan-poshan brabent mein huaa thaa aur aisaa lagata haye kii way 1377 mein france kii yatra key samay apane pitaa key saath shamil hue they. unhein unake pitaa ney sweekaar kiya thaa, jinhone chauthe star key bheetar shaadi karane key liye pope sarkaar kii maang kii thee. yeh agyaat haye kii usane kabhi shaadi kii haye yaa naheen. unhone ack rajanyik key roop mein apane bohemian rishtedaron kii seva kii, lekin unakaa antim bhaagya agyaat haye.

