aeye. ell. aiss. 162 samay sanket

aeye. ell. aiss. 162 ack francisi lambi lahar samay sanket aur maanak-aavritti radio station haye aur iska upayog janata key liye francisi rashtriya kanuni samay key prasaar key liye kiya jaataa haye. teledifusion dee france ney ney samay sanket kaa prasaran kiya, joe lne-sirt aur lne-ltfb samay prayogshalaon dwara (radio aavrittiyon key liye raajya nikaay) jimmedaari key tahat pradaan kiya gayaa thaa, alouis longwave transmitter seey 162 kilowatt parr, 800 kilowatt kii shakti key saath.
vartamaan samay sanket atyant sateek caesium paramanu ghadiyon dwara utpann hotaa haye aur 162 khjd (tarang dairdhya) vaahak sanket parr charan-modulate iss tarah seey hotaa haye kii samanya lambi tarang praaptakartaon kaa upayog karke sanket koo sunane parr sunai naheen detaa haye. aeye. ell. aiss. 162 charan-niyantrit samay sanket seva key liye lokpriya german dee. see. aff. 77 ayam-niyantrit samay sanket seva kii tulanaa mein adhik jatil praaptakarta kii aavashyakta hoti haye, lekin bahut adhik shaktishali transmitter (dee. see. aff. 77 kaa 50 kilowatt kaa 16 gunaa) ise 3,500 kimmy kii bahut adhik seema detaa haye.
sanket sancharan lagbhag nirantar haye, lekin rakharkhaav key liye niyamit roop seey nirdhaarit rukawat hoti haye aur harr mangalwar kii subah 08:00 seey 12:00 taka pareekshan kiya jaataa haye.
transmitter bhawan mein dou caesium paramanu ghadiyaan hoti hain jinka upayog samay sanket utpann karane key liye kiya jaataa haye aur jinaki nigrani aadhikarik francisi utc (opp) samay paimaane key saath sanrekhit karane key liye siraf pranali aur gps samanya-drishya maap key madhyam seey kii jaati haye. था। samay sanket sateekta 1 millisecond anishchitata seey adhik honey chaahiye. aeye. ell. aiss. 162 sanket kii nigrani sanyukt roop seey ell. aine. ee.-sirt, ell. aine. ee.-ell. tii. aff. bee. aur vyaapaar nikaay france horlogri dwara kii jaati haye aur maap key parinam vaastavik samay mein prakaashit kiye jaate hain. masik nigrani bulletin, jaise kii janwari 2022 key maap key sambandh mein aeye. ell. aiss. 162 sanket key aich. 649, yeh darshaate hain kii kyaa sateekta lakshyon koo puuraa kiya gayaa thaa. 3, 00, 000 seey adhik upkaranon (saarvajanik sthaanon parr ghadiyaan, soochana panel, yatayat roshni, saarvajanik prakaash, parking meater, aadi) key liye samay sanket mahatvapurna haye.) francisi udyamon aur raajya sansthaon key bheetar tainaat, jaise kii francisi railway (aiss. aine. see. aff.), bijli vitarak inedi, havaai adde, aspatal, nagarpaalikaaen, aadi. joe france aur videshon mein sanket parr nirbhar kartaa haye.
itihas.
coll saain.
transmitter koo pahale tii. dee. aff., faaee yaa france inter key roop mein jaanaa jaataa thaa kyonki yeh signal pahale france inter aim signal koo radio prasaran key liye jaanaa jaataa thaa. audio (dhwani) sanket kaa sancharan 2016 key anta mein bund hoe gayaa, lekin alouis transmitter samay sanket aur anya digital sanketon key prasaar key liye upayog mein haye.
2017 taka transmitter kaa naam badalkar aeye. ell. aiss. 162 curr diyaa gayaa haye.
coll saain aeye. ell. aiss. 162 kaa arth haye aeye. ell. aiss. = aeye. ell. yuu. aaee. aiss. transmitter, 162 = aavrittih 162 key. aich. jee.
takniki vikas.
1977 mein, vartamaan charan-niyantrit samay sanket koo sancharan mein jodaa gayaa thaa. prasaran aavritti, joe pahale 164 kilohertz thee, koo adhik suvidhajanak aavritti maanak key roop mein 163.840 kilohertz (adhikansh quartz ghadiyon dwara upayog kii jaane vaali samanya 32,768 heartz samay-nirdhaaran aavritti kaa 5vaan harmonic) mein badal diyaa gayaa thaa.
1980 mein, vaahak aavritti koo viniyamit karane key liye pahali paramanu ghadee sthaapit kii gaee thee.
1 farwari 1986 koo, 1975 kii geneva aavritti yojana key anusaar ise 9 kilohertz key gunak taka laane key liye aavritti koo 162 kilohertz (abhee bhee ack sateek roop seey niyantrit aavritti maanak) key apane vartamaan moolya mein badal diyaa gayaa thaa.
2017 seey pahale rakharkhaav aur parikshanon key liye nirdhaarit sanket vyavdhaanon key liye upayog kii jaane vaali avadhi mangalwar koo 01:03 seey 05:00 taka thee.
bijli utpaadan.
pahale yeh signal 1,000 kilowatt thaa aur 1981 mein badhkar 2,000 kilowatt hoe gayaa, lekin laagat bachat key liye 2011 mein ise ghataakar 1,500 kilowatt, 2017 mein 1,100 kilowatt aur baad mein farwari 2020 mein 800 kilowatt curr diyaa gayaa haye.
sanket praarup.
teledifusion dee france (tii. dee. aff.) ack ayam modulated longwave transmitter station kaa upayog kartaa haye. samay sanketon koo pratyek minut key 59vein sekand koo chhodkar harr sekand mein ±1 radian dwara vaahak koo charan-modulate karke preshit kiya jaataa haye. iss modulan pattern koo dwiaadhaari koo ingit karane key liye dohraya jaataa haye.
15 seey 18 aur 20 seey 59 sekand key dauran tithi aur samay detta kii dwiaadhaari encoding dee. see. aff. 77 key samaan haye; minut, ghante, maheene key dinn, saptah key dinn, maheene aur varsh kii sankhya francisi kanuni samay paimaane key anusaar 21 seey 58 sekand taka pratyek minut mein preshit kii jaati haye. preshit samay agami minut kaa sthaaniya samay haye.
dee. see. aff. 77 kii tarah, bitt 20 hamesha 1 hotaa haye, bitt 18 ingit kartaa haye kii sthaaniya samay yuu. tii. see. + 1 (see. ee. tii.) haye, bitt 17 ingit kartaa haye kii sthaaniya samay yuu. tii. see. + 2 (see. ee. tii.) haye, aur bitt 16 ingit kartaa haye kii sthaaniya samay mein parivartan vartamaan ghante key anta mein hoga. bitt 15 asamanya samvaahak sanchaalan koo ingit karane key liye aarakshit haye.
dee. see. aff. 77 code key vistaar key roop mein, bitt 14 saarvajanik chhuttiyon (14 julaai, chrismus, aadi) key dauran nirdhaarit kiya jaataa haye.), aur bitt 13 saarvajanik chhuttiyon seey ack dinn pahale nirdhaarit kiya jaataa haye.
bits 7-12 aprayukt hotey hain aur hamesha 0 key roop mein preshit hotey hain.
bits 3 seey 6 atirikt truti jaanch pradaan karate hain; way bits kii kull sankhya (hamming vajan) bits 21 seey 58 taka koot karate hain. kyonki isamen summ samaantaa bits shamil hain, yog hamesha summ hotaa haye. isake alawa, halanki usa seema mein 38 bits hain, way sabhi sett naheen kiye jaa sakate hain. sambhaavit maan 4 (mangalwar koo 2000-01-04 parr 00:00) seey 24 (ravivaar koo 2177-07-27 parr 17:37) taka kii summ sankhyaaen hain.
dee. see. aff. 77 key vipareet, bitt 19 kaa upayog doosari chhalang kii chetavaniyon key liye naheen kiya jaataa haye, lekin hamesha shoonya hotaa haye. isake bajaay, bitt 1 kaa upayog vartamaan ghante key anta mein ack sakaratmak chhalang sekand kii chetavani dene key liye kiya jaataa haye, aur bitt 2 kaa upayog ack (bahut hii apratyaashit) nakaratmak chhalang sekand kii chetavani dene key liye kiya jaataa haye. leap sekand key mamle mein, bits 2 aur 3 key beach ack atirikt shoonya bitt daala jaataa haye. ise ghante key minut 59 key dauran (jisake dauran minatah 00 key liye timestamp preshit kiya jaataa haye), 23:59:03 parr daala jaanaa chaahiye, taaki minut marker sabhi sahee samay parr prasaarit kiye jaaen, lekin disambar 2016 key anta mein leap sekand key liye, ise spasht roop seey 23:58:03 parr daala gayaa thaa.
था। sancharit vaahak aavritti saapeksh anishchitata 24 ghante kii avadhi mein 2 × 10−12 aur 30 dinon mein 1 × 10−13 haye.
charan modulan pattern.
ack sanket tatva mein vaahak kaa charan 25 ms mein + 1 redd dwara raikhik roop seey sthanantarit hotaa haye (jise "ramp aeye" key roop mein jaanaa jaataa haye), phir 50 ms ("ramp bee") parr −2 redd dwara raikhik roop seey sthanantarit kiya jaataa haye, phir dusare 25 ms ("ramp see") key liye + 1 redd dwara raikhik roop seey phir seey sthanantarit kiya jaataa haye, joe charan koo shoonya parr lautaata haye. ack sanket tatva hamesha 0 aur 58 key beach pratyek sekand mein bheja jaataa haye. dou sanket tatvon koo dwiaadhaari kaa pratinidhitva karane key liye anukram mein bheja jaataa haye; anyatha ise dwiaadhaari shoonya key roop mein vyakhya kii jaati haye. praarambhik sanket tatva key ramp bee key dauran, sanket charan shoonya parr haye, joe utc sekand key sheersh koo darshaata haye. choonki charan aavritti kaa abhinn anga haye, 40 redd/aiss parr yeh trikoniya charan modulan 20/"π" ± 6.37 heartz key vichalan key saath ack varg aavritti modulan seey mell khaata haye.
<bee. aar.>
iss prakaar ausat charan aur ausat aavritti vichalan donon shoonya hain. pratyek sekand key baaki samay key dauran charan modulan dwara atirikt gair-samay detta bheja jaataa haye. lekin doosara marker (aur detta bitt) hamesha binaa kissy charan modulation key 100 ms seey pahale hotaa haye. minut key 59vein sekand key dauran signal koo charan-modulate naheen kiya jaataa haye.

