
pranali vishleshan

vidyut abhiyaantriki key kshetra mein pranali vishleshan vidyut pranaliyon aur unake gunon koo darshaata haye. pranali vishleshan kaa upayog jansankhya vriddhi seey laker audio speaker taka lagbhag kissy bhee cheez kaa pratinidhitva karane key liye kiya jaa sakata haye; vidyut engineer aksar iska upayog apane anushasana key kaee kshetron, vishesh roop seey sanket prasanskaran, sanchaar pranali aur niyantran pranaliyon key liye isaki pratyaksh prasangikta key kaaran karate hain.
pranaliyon kaa charitra varnan.
ack pranali kii visheshta yeh haye kii yeh input sanketon key prati kaise pratikriya karati haye. samanya taur parr, ack pranali mein ack yaa adhik input sanket aur ack yaa adhik output sanket hotey hain. isaliye, pranaliyon kaa ack praakritik lakshan varnan yeh haye kii unake paas kitane input aur output hainh
vishleshan key liye ack pranali koo chhote tukadon mein vibhajit karna aksar upayogi (yaa aavashyak) hotaa haye. isaliye, humm ack simo pranali koo kaee siso pranaliyon (pratyek output key liye ack) key roop mein maan sakate hain, aur isi tarah ack mimo pranali key liye. abb taka, pranali vishleshan mein sabse adhik kaam siso pranaliyon key saath kiya gayaa haye, halanki siso pranaliyon key ander kaee hisson mein kaee input (jaise kii aidar) hotey hain.
sanket samay mein nirantar yaa asatat hoe sakate hain, saath hii saath kissy bhee samay way joe moolya lete hain unamen nirantar yaa asatat hoe sakate hainh
sanketon key iss vargeekaran key saath, ack pranali koo taba iss prakaar seey chihnit kiya jaa sakata haye kii yeh kiss prakaar key sanketon seey sambandhit haih
pranaliyon koo chihnit karane kaa ack aur tarika yeh haye kii kyaa kissy bhee samay unakaa utpaadan kewal usa samay key input parr nirbhar kartaa haye yaa shayed ateet mein kissy samay (yaa bhavishya mein) input parr nirbhar kartaa haye!).
smriti key saath analogue pranaliyon koo aage "lumped" yaa "distributed" key roop mein vargeekrit kiya jaa sakata haye. ack pranali mein smriti key arth parr vichaar karke antar koo samajhaaya jaa sakata haye. smriti key saath ack pranali kaa bhavishya kaa utpaadan bhavishya key input aur kaee sthiti charr parr nirbhar kartaa haye, jaise kii ateet mein vibhinn samay parr input yaa output key moolya. yadi bhavishya key utpaadan kaa varnan karane key liye aavashyak avastha charr kii sankhya seemit haye, tou pranali koo ack saath jodaa jaataa haye; yadi yeh anant haye, tou pranali vitarit kii jaati haye.
anta mein, pranaliyon koo kuchh gunon dwara chihnit kiya jaa sakata haye joe unake vishleshan koo suvidhajanak banaate hainh
vishesh roop seey raikhik samay-parivartansheel ("ell. tii. aaee") nirdhaarak pranaliyon key liye vishleshan key kaee tareeke vikasit kiye gaye hain. durbhagya seey, analogue system key mamle mein, inmein seey koee bhee guna kabhi bhee poori tarah seey praapt naheen hotaa haye. raikhikta kaa tatparya haye kii ack pranali key sanchaalan koo manmaane dhang seey badey parimaan taka badhaaya jaa sakata haye, joe sambhav naheen haye. samay-bhinnata kaa ullanghan umr badhane key prabhaavon dwara kiya jaataa haye joe samay key saath analogue system key output koo badal sakate hain (aamtaur parr varshon yaa dashakon taka). taapiya shore aur anya yaadrichhik ghatanaaen yeh sunishchit karati hain kii kissy bhee anuroop pranali key sanchaalan mein kuchh hudd taka yaadrichhik vyavhaar hoga. inn seemaon key bavjood, halanki, yeh maan lena aamtaur parr uchit haye kii inn aadarshon seey vichalan chhote honge.
ell. tii. aaee. pranaaliyan.
jaisa kii oopar ullekh kiya gayaa haye, vishesh roop seey raikhik samay-parivartansheel pranaliyon (ell. tii. aaee. pranaaliyan) key liye vishleshan key kaee tareeke vikasit kiye gaye hain. yeh unake vinirdesh kii sadgi key kaaran haye. ack ell. tii. aaee. pranali poori tarah seey isake sthanantaran kaary dwara nirdisht kii jaati haye (joe digital aur lumped analogue ell. tii. aaee. pranaliyon key liye ack tarksangat kaary haye). vaikalpik roop seey, humm ack ell. tii. aaee. pranali key baare mein soch sakate hain joe isaki aavritti pratikriya dwara poori tarah seey nirdisht kii jaa rahee haye. ack ell. tii. aaee. pranali koo nirdisht karane kaa teesara tarika isake vishisht raikhik vibhedak sameekaran (analogue pranaliyon key liye) yaa raikhik antar sameekaran (digital pranaliyon key liye) haye. kaun saa vivaran sabse upayogi haye, yeh aavedan parr nirbhar kartaa haye.
lumped aur distributed ell. tii. aaee. pranaliyon key beach kaa antar mahatvapurna haye. ack lumped ell. tii. aaee. pranali koo parimit sankhya mein maapdandon dwara nirdisht kiya jaataa haye, chaahe vaha isake sthanantaran kaary key shoonya aur dhruv houn, yaa isake vibhedak sameekaran key gunank houn, jabaki ack vitarit ell. tii. aaee. pranali key vinirdesh key liye ack poorna kaary, yaa aanshik vibhedak samikaranon kii aavashyakta hoti haye.

