
amonia pradooshan

amonia pradooshan rasayanik amonia (aine. aich. 3) dwara pradooshan haye-nitrogen aur hydrogen kaa ack yaugik joe krishi aur udyog kaa ack upotpaad haye. aam roopon mein sadatee krishi ghol aur urvarak karkhanon seey utsarjit amonia gais dwara vayu pradooshan shamil haye, jabaki praakritik sroton mein jhariya kii jalati hui koyla khadaanen, castic jheel natron aur samudri pakshi kaloniyon key gwano shamil hain. gaisiya amonia havaa mein anya pradushakon key saath pratikriya karke amonium lavan key maheen kann banaata haye, joe maanav shwas koo prabhaavit kartaa haye. amonia gais usa mitty key rasayan koo bhee prabhaavit curr sakati haye jiss parr yeh basati haye aur udaaharan key liye, pietland key sphagnum moss aur heather dwara aavashyak sthitiyon koo cumm curr degi.
amonia kaa pataa lagaane mein filter paik aur kapade key denuder (ack gais vibhaajak) key upayog key madhyam seey suvidha pradaan kii jaati haye. upgrah imaging aur varsha jall vishleshan jaisi takneekon kaa bhee upayog kiya jaataa haye. amonia pradooshan key prabhaav key baare mein abhee bhee bahut kuchh agyaat haye, lekin badhati utsarjan darr vaigyaanikon koo chintit karati haye. vayumandal mein amonia kaa star 2010 mein 1940 kii tulanaa mein dogune seey adhik thaa. amonia koo abb kaee deshon dwara ack pramukh pradooshak key roop mein maanyata dee gaee haye aur kuchh ney apane utsarjan koo seemit karane key liye kadam uthaana shuru curr diyaa haye.
srot.
neeche dee gaee talika mein amonia pradooshan key sroton aur vaishvik amonia utsarjan mein unake pratishat yogdan koo soochibaddh kiya gayaa haye. sroton koo yaa tou maanavjanit (manushyon key parinamswarup) yaa praakritik key roop mein bhee vargeekrit kiya gayaa haye.
prabhaav.
amonia sthaliya aur jaleey paaristhitiki tantra kii jaiv vividhata koo cumm kartaa haye aur vayumandal mein aerosol bhee banaata haye joe saans lene parr maanav swaasthya jatilataon kaa kaaran bunn sakata haye.
jaiv vividhata.
gaisiya amonia utsarjan geele aur sookhe donon nikshepanon key madhyam seey prithvi kii mitty aur paani mein pravesh kartaa haye. jaleey amonia, yaugik kaa ack anya roop, seedhe jameen mein ris sakata haye yaa jaleey paaristhitiki tantra mein pravaahit hoe sakata haye. sthaliya aur jaleey amonia pradooshan donon mukhya roop seey nitrification kii prakriya key madhyam seey jaiv vividhata koo cumm karate hain.
sthaliya prabhaav.
sthaliya sthitiyon mein, amonia mitty kii amlata koo badhaata haye (ph mein kamee) aur utrofication (poshak tatvon kii adhikta) kaa kaaran banata haye. yeye donon nitrification key pratyaksh parinam key roop mein hotey hain. iss prakriya mein, amonia koo bacteria (aamtaur parr nitrosomonas aur nitrobacter kii peedhi) dwara nitrate mein parivartit kiya jaataa haye joe nimnalikhit dou charaniya pratikriya kartaa haih
charan 1: amonia (aine. aich. 3) koo nitrite (aine. oh. 2−) mein aukseekrit kiya jaataa haih
<came> aine. aich. 3 (aeye. kyu.) + oh. 2 (jee.)-> number 2-(aeye. kyu.) + 3aich + (aeye. kyu.) + 2ee-</came>
charan 2: nitrite (sankhya 2-) koo nitrate (sankhya 3-) mein aukseekrit kiya jaataa haye.
<came> number 2-(aeye. kyu.) + aich 2 oh. (ell.)-> number 3-(aeye. kyu.) + 2 aich. + (aeye. kyu.) + 2 ee.-</came>
iss pratikriya key utpaadon mein hydrogen (aich +) aayan shamil hain joe mitty key ph koo cumm karate hain aur amlikaran kii or leey jaate hain. paaristhitiki tantra mein mitty kii amlata mein vriddhi seey thhande tapman, sookhe, bimari aur aakramak prajaatiyon key khilaf suraksha mein kamee aatee haye. anya utpaad, nitrate (sankhya 3-), paudhe key vikas key liye ack pramukh poshak tatva haye. amonia nitrification seey yeh atirikt nitrate nitrophilus paudhon (joe uchch nitrate sandrata pasand karate hain) kaa paksh letaa haye aur dusaron koo nuksan pahunchaata haye. udaaharan key liye, nitrophilus paudhon kii aabaadi mein vriddhi aavashyak soorya key prakaash seey anya paudhon koo chhaaya detee haye. lycane aur kaaee jaise samvedansheel paadap samooh vishesh roop seey amonia pradooshan key prati atisamvedansheel hain aur awas jaise kii bhoo-bhaag, pietland, ghaas key maidan, oonta key maidan aur vann mukhya roop seey prabhaavit hain.
jaleey prabhaav.
jaleey sthitiyon mein, amonia nitrogen oxygen kii maang, utrofication aur machhali key swaasthya mein parivartan kaa kaaran banata haye. nitrogenous javic oxygen kii maang (aine. bee. oh. dee.) nitrification key pratyaksh parinam key roop mein hoti haye (sthaliya prabhaav dekhein). ghulansheel oxygen (oh2) kaa upayog nitrification mein aine. aich. 3 key saath pratikriya karane key liye kiya jaataa haye. isake parinamswarup una jeevon key liye cumm oh2 upalabdh hotaa haye joe iss parr nirbhar karate hain. nitrification nitrate bhee chhodata haye joe sthaliya settings kii tarah utrofication kii or leey jaataa haye. nitrophilus shaiwal aur macrophytes khade paani mein badey phool banaate hain. yeh sansadhanon parr dabaav daaltaa haye aur vishaakt shaiwal key nirmaan key madhyam seey apratyaksh roop seey jeevon koo jahar bhee dey sakata haye. isake vipareet, amonia pargamya twacha vaale jeevon koo bhee seedhe nuksan pahuncha sakata haye yadi way ise avashoshit karate hain. machhali maar detee haye aur machhali key vikas mein parivartan, gill kii sthiti, anga vajan, aur hematocrit (laal rakt koshika) key star amonia key sampark seey judey hotey hain.
maanav swaasthya.
gaisiya amonia joe jamaa naheen hotaa haye, sulfur dioxide (aiss. oh. 2) aur nitrogen oxide (aine. oh. aiks.) jaise anya utsarjanon key saath sanyojan karke aerosol banaata haye. sulfur dioxide, nitrogen oxide, madhyavarti utpaadon aur anya gasses key beach vayumandaliya pratikriyaon key parinamswarup antatah amonium nitrate (aine. aich. 4. aine. oh. 3) aur amonium bisulfate (aine. aich. 4. aiss. oh. 4) kaa gathan nimnalikhit roop seey hotaa haih
<came> aine. aich. 3 (jee) + aich. aine. oh. 3 (jee)-> aine. aich. 4. aine. oh. 3 (jee) </came>
<came> aine. aich. 3 (jee) + aich. 2. aiss. oh. 4 (jee)-> aine. aich. 4. aich. aiss. oh. 4 (jee) </came>
inn parinami amonium (aine. aich. 4) aerosol koo maheen kann padaarth (pm2.5 yaa 2.5 microne seey cumm aakar key kann padaarth) key roop mein vargeekrit kiya jaataa haye. pm2.5 kanon kaa chhota aakar unhein shwas key madhyam seey fefadon aur rakt pravaah mein pravesh karane kii anumati detaa haye. amonium kann taba damaa, fefadon key cancer, hriday sambandhi samasyaon, janm doshon aur manushyon mein samay seey pahale mrityu sahit jatilataon kaa kaaran bunn sakate hain. vayumandal mein apratikriyaasheel amonia (10-100 kimmy seey cumm) kii tulanaa mein chhota amonium bhee aage kii doori (100-1000 kimmy) taya curr sakata haye. chean jaise kuchh deshon ney sou2 aur nox utsarjan koo cumm karane parr dhyaan kendrit kiya haye, haalaanki aine. aich. 3 pradooshan mein vriddhi key parinamswarup abhee bhee pm2.5 kaa nirmaan hotaa haye aur vayu kii gunavatta cumm hoe jaati haye.
nigrani takneeken.
amonia pradooshan koo aamtaur parr vayumandal mein isaki upasthiti seey maapa jaataa haye. carbon dioxide jaise anya pradooshak maapon key saath isaki koee swachaalit rille pranali naheen haye; isaliye, amonia key namoonon koo filter paik, kapade key denuder, upgrah imaging aur varsha jall vishleshan sahit anya tarikon key madhyam seey ekatra kiya jaanaa chaahiye.
filter paik.
filter paik mein ack teaflon aur glass fiber filter key saath ack air pump hotaa haye. pump havaa mein choosata haye aur filter amonia kanon koo hataa dete hain. teflon aur kaanch key fiber filter citric acid mein lepit hotey hain joe thode buniyaadi amonia kanon key saath pratikriya karate hain. yeh pratikriya anivarya roop seey amonia koo sthaan parr "gond" karati haye. baad mein, filter kaa pareekshan nessler key abhikarmak (ack amonia sanketak) key saath kiya jaataa haye aur ack spectrophotometer maujood amonia kii matra koo padhata haye.
kapade kii ninda karane vaale.
kapade key pratiroopan nishkriya namoone key madhyam seey kaary karate hain (koee pump upayog naheen kiya jaataa haye aur sangrah kewal vayu pravaah parr nirbhar kartaa haye). donon taraf kapade key filter seey susajjit ack pipe havaa key prasaar key liye ack surang key roop mein kaary kartaa haye. kapade koo phosphoric acid mein lepit kiya jaataa haye joe amonia gais (ack aadhar) koo aakarshit kartaa haye. tube key madhyam seey havaa bahati haye aur amonia filter parr chipak jaataa haye jise nessler key abhikarmak aur ack spectrophotometer kaa upayog karke aine. aich. 3 sandrata key liye pareekshan kiya jaa sakata haye.
upgrah imaging.
upgrahon kii pranaaliyan samay key saath vayumandal mein gais hastakshar koo maapati hain. amonia key hastakshar koo havaa mein isake prasaar kaa anuman dete hue chart kiya gayaa haye aur yeh kahaan sabse adhik kendrit haye. nassa 2008 seey amonia utsarjan kii nigrani key liye upgrah imaging kaa upayog curr rhaa haye.
varsha jall vishleshan.
varsha kii baaltiyan ekatra kii jaati hain aur phir oopar varnit takneekon kaa upayog karke amonia key liye pareekshan kiya jaataa haye. yeh vayumandaliya jall vaashp mein fansi amonia gais kii sandrata pradaan kartaa haye.
niyam.
halanki amonia koo abb ack sambhaavit khatarnak vayu pradooshak key roop mein maanyata dee gaee haye, kewal kuchh deshon ney apane utsarjan koo cumm karane key liye aage kii kaarravaai kii haye. katauti kii ranneetiyaan mukhya roop seey krishi prathaon koo niyantrit karane parr dhyaan kendrit karati hain.
neeti.
europeeya sangh ney amonia pradooshan koo rokane key liye 1999 seey dou neetiyaan apnai hain. inmein gothenberg protocol (1999) aur ekikrit pradooshan sanrakshan aur niyantran (1999) parr nirdesh shamil hain. aine. aich. 3 utsarjan koo aur cumm karane key liye ee. yuu. dwara 2001 mein rashtriya utsarjan seema nirdesh bhee lagu kiya gayaa thaa. gothenberg protocol koo 2012 mein sanshodhit kiya gayaa thaa taaki 2020 taka amonia parr naee, sakht, adhikatam seema nirdhaarit kii jaa sakey aur sabhi eu-27 deshon koo shamil kiya jaa sakey. vishesh roop seey united kingdam ney ghoshana kii haye kii way 2030 taka utsarjan mein 16 pratishat kii katauti karane kii yojana banaa rahey hain, halanki koee naee neetiyaan lagu naheen kii gaee hain. chean aur sanyukt raajya america jaise anya desh amonia koo ack pradooshak key roop mein sweekaar karate hain, lekin ise viniyamit karane key liye koee neeti naheen haye.
amonia pradooshan niyam mukhya roop seey behtar krishi prathaon key madhyam seey shaman parr dhyaan kendrit karate hain. ack sujhaav parivartan khaad aur urvarak koo badey bhandaran tankon mein rakhna haye taaki havaa mein pravaah aur vashpikaran koo rokaa jaa sakey. ack anya ranneeti mein pashudhan koo cumm protein yukt aahar denaa shamil haye. isake parinamswarup nitrogen protein (amonia sahit) cumm hoe jaayega aur khaad mein samaapt hoe jaayega. ack antim vichaar cumm euria aur amonium adharit urvarakon kaa upayog karna haye joe amonia mein vashpikaran key liye pravan hain.

