
debricane

debresen (, budapest key baad hangri kaa doosara sabse badaa shahar haye, joe uttari mahaan maidani kshetra kaa kshetriya kendra aur hajdu-bihaar county kii seat haye. county adhikaaron vaalaa ack shahar, yeh 18veen shatabdi mein sabse badaa hangri shahar thaa aur yeh hangri key logon key sabse mahatvapurna saanskritik kendron mein seey ack haye. debreaken, 1848-1849 mein kranti key dauran hangri kii rajdhani bhee thee. kranti key dauran, habsberg rajvansh key simhaasan seey hatane kii ghoshana sudhaar kiye gaye mahaan church mein kii gaee thee. dwiteeya vishva yuddh key anta taka yeh shahar hangri kii rajdhani key roop mein bhee kaary kartaa thaa. yeh debrisen vishvavidyalaya kaa ghar haye.
vyutpatti.
shahar koo pahali baar 1235 mein "debrezun" key roop mein pralekhit kiya gayaa haye. yeh naam turkey shabd seey nikla haye, jiska arth haye 'jeevit' yaa 'chalana' aur yeh ack purush naam bhee haye. ack anya siddhant kahata haye kii naam slavic mool kaa haye aur iska arth haye 'sammaanit', slavic dee. doublue. bee. aar. aaee. aine. yuu. yaa 'dobre zlim' ('achchi bhoomi') seey.
shahar kaa maanak roman naam haye, haalaanki hangri mein roman samudaay sanskaran kaa upayog karate hain.
itihas.
hangri kii vijay key baad basti kii sthaapana kii gaee thee. europe key mangol aakraman key kaaran kshetra key kuchh chhote gaanvon (boldogaszonifalva, zentalazalofalva) key sunsan honey key baad debresen adhik mahatvapurna hoe gayaa. 13veen shatabdi key madhya key baad isane teji seey vikas kaa anubhav kiya.
1361 mein, hangri key lui ney nagar key nyayadhish aur parishad koo chunane kaa adhikaar dey diyaa. isase shahar key liye swashaasan key kuchh avsar mille. 16veen shatabdi kii shuruat taka, debresen ack mahatvapurna bajar shahar thaa.
raajaa sigismund, pavitra roman samrat, serbian shaasak stephen lazarevic key saath ack sandhi key hisse key roop mein, unhein sitambar 1411 mein debresen parr shasson karane kaa avsar diyaa. 1426 mein lazarevic kii mrityu key ack saal baad, unaki bhoomika koo unake uttaradhikari, dura brankkovic dwara sambhala gayaa thaa. 1450 aur 1507 key beach, yeh hunyaadi parivaar kaa ack kshetra thaa.
ottoman kaal key dauran, seema key karib honey aur koee mahal yaa shahar kii deewaar naa honey key kaaran, aksar khud koo kathin paristhitiyon mein paaya jaataa thaa aur shahar koo kewal apane netaaon key rajanyik kaushal seey bachaaya gayaa thaa. kabhi-kabhi yeh shahar ottoman samrajya dwara sanrakshit thaa, kabhi-kabhi catholic europeeya shasakon dwara yaa transylvania key rajkumar francis dwiteeya raakozi dwara. debresen ney baad mein kaafee pahale protestant sudhaar koo apanaaya, jisase monikaron koo "kailwinwadi rome" aur "hangri kaa vanshavali" arjit huaa. iss avadhi mein shahar key nivasi mukhya roop seey hangerian kalvinwadi they. debresen 1558 aur 1693 key beach ack sanjak key roop mein turkey niyantran mein aaya aur budin (1541-1596), igri (1596-1660) aur varaat (1660-1693) kii palakon seey "debracin" key roop mein vyavasthit roop seey bandha huaa thaa.
1693 mein, pavitra roman samrat, leopold I ney shaahi shahar kaa darja mukt karane key liye debrison koo unnat kiya. 1715 mein, roman catholic church debrisen mein laut aaya, aur shahar ney unhein ack church banaane key liye ack jagah dee, taaki chori karane vaale bhikshu sent kaa nirmaan curr sakein. aine kaa cathedral. iss samay taka yeh shahar ack mahatvapurna saanskritik, vaanijyik aur krishi kendra thaa, aur kaee bhavishya key vidvaanon aur kaviyon ney isake protestant college (aaj key debrisen vishvavidyalaya key poorvavarti aur debrisen sudhaarit dhaarmik vishvavidyalaya) mein bhaag liya.
1849 mein, debresen thode samay key liye hangri kii rajdhani thee jaba hangri kii krantikari sarkaar keat-budaa (aadhunik-dinn key budapest) seey vahaan bhaag gaee. aprail 1849 mein, habsberg key simhaasan seey hatane (kranti key patan key baad upekshit) aur hangri kii swatantrata kii ghoshana yahaan mahaan (calvinist) church (hangerian mein "nagitemplum") mein lajos kosuth dwara kii gaee thee.) swatantrata sangram kii antim ladaai bhee patan key karib thee. habsberg key saath gathbandhan karane vaale rusiyon ney shahar key paschimi hisse key karib hangerian senaa koo haraaya.
yuddh key baad, dheere-dheere phir seey samriddh honah shuru huaa. 1857 mein, budapest aur dibresen key beach railway line poori hoe gaee, aur jald hii dibresen ack railway junction bunn gayaa. nae school, aspatal, church, karkhane aur mill banaae gaye, baink aur beema companiyan shahar mein buss gaeen. shahar kaa roop bhee badalane lagaah naee, lambi imaraton, udyaanon aur vilaa key saath, yeh abb ack praantiya shahar seey milata-julata naheen thaa aur ack aadhunik shahar kii tarah dikhane lagaa. 1884 mein, debresen bhaap tramway vaalaa pahala hangerian shahar bunn gayaa.
pratham vishva yuddh key baad, hangri ney apane purvi kshetra kaa ack badaa hissa romenia key haathon khou diyaa, aur ack baar phir desh kii seema key karib sthit hoe gayaa. 1919 mein thode samay key liye roman senaa ney iss parr kabja curr liya thaa. paryatan ney shahar koo phir seey samriddh honey kaa ack raasta pradaan kiya. kaee imaaraten (unamen seey ack indor swimming pool aur hangri kaa pahala stadium) kendriya udyaan, "nagyardo" ("badaa jangal") mein banaai gaee theen, joe manoranjak suvidhaaen pradaan karati theen. vishvavidyalaya kaa bhawan puuraa hoe gayaa thaa. shahar key swaamitva vaalaa ack badaa charagah, hortobaggy, ack paryatak aakarshan bunn gayaa.
dwiteeya vishva yuddh key dauran, dibresen lagbhag poori tarah seey nasht hoe gayaa thaa, 70 pratishat imaraton koo nuksan huaa thaa, unamen seey 50 pratishat poori tarah seey nasht hoe gaye they. octuber 1944 mein shahar key paas kaee sou tankon (debresen kii ladaai) sahit sanyukt hathiyaron seey judee ack badee ladaai hui. 20 octuber koo dusare ukraini morche key soviyat sainikon dwara debresen parr kabja curr liya gayaa thaa. 1944 key baad, punarnirmaan shuru huaa aur ack baar phir thode samay key liye debresen hangri kii rajdhani bunn gaee. nagrikon ney apane shahar kaa punarnirmaan karna shuru curr diyaa, yuddh seey pahale kii sthiti koo bahaal karane kii koshish kii, lekin hangri kii naee, saamyavaadi sarkaar kii anya yojanaaen theen. shahar key sansthanon aur sampattiyon koo saarvajanik swaamitva mein leey liya gayaa, niji sampatti koo chheen liya gayaa. purani pranali key iss jabaran parivartan ney nae nuksan koo cumm curr diyaa; isake aadhe kshetra koo aas-paas key shaharon mein milaa diyaa gayaa thaa, aur shahar ney hortobaggy parr apane adhikaar bhee khou diye they. 1952 mein, dou nae gaanv-eabs aur nagyages-debrisen key poorv hisson seey banaae gaye they, jabaki 1981 mein, paas key gaanv jozaa koo shahar mein milaa diyaa gayaa thaa.
jansankhyiki.
bhaashaaen.
2011 kii janganana key anusaar, kull jansankhya 211,320 thee, jinamen seey 209,782 loga (99.3%) hangerian bolate hain. 49, 909 (23.6%) angreji bhee jaanate hain, 22,454 (10.6%) german, aur 5,416 (2.6%) russie bolate hain.
jaatiya samooh.
2011 kii janganana key anusaar, debresen mein 177,435 (84.0%) hangerian, 1,305 (0.6%) roman, 554 (0.3%) german aur 504 (0.2%) roman they. 31, 931 logon (kull aabaadi kaa 15.1%) ney apani jaatiyata ghoshit naheen kii. inn logon koo chhodkar hangerian kull aabaadi kaa 98.9% banaa. hangri mein loga ack seey adhik jaatiyata ghoshit curr sakate hain, isaliye jaatiyataon kaa yog kull jansankhya seey adhik haye.
dharm.
2011 kii janganana key anusaar, 52,459 (24.8%) hangerian reform (calvinist), 23,413 (11.1%) lattin catholic, 10,762 (5.1%) greek catholic, 899 (0.4%) baptist, 885 (0.4%) jehovah key gawah, aur 812 (0.4%) luthran dibresen mein they. 54, 909 loga (26.0%) adhaarmik they, 3,877 (1.8%) naastik they, jabaki 59,955 logon (28.4%) ney apana dharm ghoshit naheen kiya.
church mein sudhaar.
16veen shatabdi seey, sudhaar kii jadein shahar mein parh gaeen; pahale luthranwad, phir calvin kii shikshaaen pramukh hoe gaeen. 1551 seey, shahar kii kalvinwadi sarkaar ney catholics key debreken mein jaane parr pratibandh lagaa diyaa. catholic churchon koo kailwinwadi church dwara leey liya gayaa thaa. 1552 mein, catholic vishvaas 1715 taka shahar seey gayab hoe gayaa jaba unhone ack church koo phir seey hassil kiya. peater melius juhas jaise kaee kailwinwadi church key netaa jinhone vanshavali bhajanon kaa anuvaad kiya, yahaan rahate they aur kaam karate they. 1567 mein, shahar mein ack sabhaa kaa gathan kiya gayaa thaa jaba doosara sahayak sweekaarokti apanaaya gayaa thaa. prasiddh calvinist college aur school banaae gaye. hangri mein aamtaur parr upayog kiya jaane vaalaa debresen kaa upnaam "kailwinwadi rome" yaa "hangri kaa geneva" haye kyonki shahar mein kailwinwadi vishvaas key saath-saath shahar aur kshetra mein kailwinwadi church kaa mahatvapurna prabhaav haye. debresen mein 1538 mein sthaapit debresen (debreseni reformats hittudomani agyetem) kaa sudhaar dharamshastriya vishvavidyalaya bhee haye aur yeh desh mein ekmatra kailwinwadi dharamshastriya sansthaan thaa jise communist shasson key dauran kaary karane kii anumati dee gaee thee.
hangerian sudhaar church mein lagbhag 20 mandaliyaan hain, jinamen prasiddh sudhaar mahaan church off debrisen bhee shamil haye, joe aasaani seey lagbhag 5000 logon (3000 seeton key saath) koo samaayojit curr sakata haye.
yahudi samudaay.
yahoodiyon koo pahali baar 1814 mein debrisen mein basane kii anumati dee gaee thee, jisamen 4 varshon key bheetar 118 purushon kii praarambhik jansankhya kii ginati hui thee.
bees saal baad, unhein jameen aur ghar khareedane kii anumati dee gaee. 1919 taka, way aabaadi kaa 10 pratishat (10,000 seey adhik samudaay key sadasyon key saath soochibaddh) they aur shahar aur usake aspas kii lagbhag aadhi badee sampattiyon key malik they.
1938 key hangerian yahudi virodhi kaanoonon key kaaran kaee vyavasaay bund hoe gaye, aur 1939 mein kaee yahoodiyon koo gulam banaa liya gayaa aur ukraine bhej diyaa gayaa, jahan kaee khadanon mein marr gaye.
1940 mein, germans ney anuman lagaaya kii 12,000 yahudi shahar mein reh gaye they. 1941 mein, galician aur polish mool key yahoodiyon koo nishkaasit curr diyaa gayaa, jisase yahoodiyon kii sankhya ghatkar 9142 hoe gaee. 1942 mein, adhik yahoodiyon koo hangerian jabaran shram samoohon mein shamil kiya gayaa aur unhein ukraine bheja gayaa.
german senaa ney 20 march 1944 koo shahar mein pravesh kiya, (passover seey dhaaee saptah pahale) rabbi paal (meer) veez key netritva mein ack judenrate (yahudi parishad) kaa adesh diyaa, aur poorv senaa kaptan bella luztabaam key netritva mein ack yahudi pulis daste kaa gathan kiya gayaa. 30 march 1944 koo (passover seey ack saptah pahale) yahoodiyon koo david kaa peela taaraa pahanane kaa adesh diyaa gayaa thaa. yahudi kaaron koo jabt curr liya gayaa aur phone kii laainen kaat dee gaeen. passover saptah key dauran, kaee yahudi ganmaanya vyaktiyon koo paas key jail shivir mein leey jaaya gayaa, joe antatah 300 kaidiyon kii sankhya taka pahunch gayaa. ack saptah baad sabhi yahudi dukaanen bund curr dee gaeen aur yahudi virodhi samachar patra key sampaadak mihali kaloshwari borska ney yahudi pustakon koo saarvajanik roop seey jalaane kii adhyakshata kii. 
28 aprail 1944 koo shahar key mahapour sander colsey key naam parr ack yahudi basti banaane kaa adesh jaari kiya gayaa thaa, jinhone iss adhiniyam kaa virodh kiya thaa aur germans dwara unhein bedkhal curr diyaa gayaa thaa. yahoodiyon koo yahudi basti kii divaaron kaa nirmaan karane key liye majboor kiya gayaa, 15 maee 1944 koo ack maheene seey bhee cumm samay key bheetar ise puuraa curr liya gayaa.
7 juuna 1944 koo, yahudi basti key ander yaa baahar sabhi aavaajaahi pratibandhit curr dee gaee thee aur ack saptah baad sabhi avaidh yahoodiyon koo paas key eenton key bageechon mein nirvaasit curr diyaa gayaa thaa, aur unakaa saman chheen liya gayaa thaa, aur anya kshetron seey yahoodiyon koo shamil curr liya gayaa thaa.
pramukh yahoodiyon key duss parivaar, jinamen rabbi veez aur roodhivaadi pramukh rabbi stresser shamil they, zionist (gair roodhivaadi) andolan key pramukhon key saath cuztner train mein shamil hoe gaye. (kuchh sroton key anusaar, yadi german inn yahoodiyon koo riha karane key liye kuchh praapt curr sakate hain, tou baatchit key liye strashoff shivir yahoodiyon seey bharey hue they, unamen seey 6841 dibresen seey they.) inmein seey 298 yahudi bavaria mein ss dwara goli maar dee gaee thee, yeh bataae jaane key baad kii way resenstead taka pahunchenge. kuchh yuva yahudi shahar seey bhaag gaye, hyee school key principle adoniahu bilitzer key netritva mein aur pratirodh andolanon aur pakshpaatiyon mein shamil hocker budapest pahunche.
shesh adhikansh asantusht yahoodiyon koo 3 julaai 1944 koo aushwitz mein nirvaasit curr diyaa gayaa.
20 octuber 1944 koo soviyat senaa ney debresen parr kabja curr liya thaa. yuddh mein lagbhag 4,000 yahudi aur usake aspas key loga butch gaye, jisase 1946 mein 4,640 kaa ack samudaay banaa-joe iss kshetra mein sabse badaa thaa. unamen seey lagbhag 400 israel chaley gaye, aur kaee anya 1970 taka paschim mein chaley gaye, shahar mein 1,200 yahudi reh gaye, dou aradhanalayon kaa upayog karate hue, jinamen seey ack pratham vishva yuddh seey pahale sthaapit kiya gayaa thaa.
jalavaayu.
debresen, aamtaur parr apane madhya europeeya sthaan key liye, ack aardr mahadvipiya jalavaayu (copen "dee. aff. bee") haye.
sanskriti.
mukhya roop seey sudhaar aur pratishthit kalvinwadi college key liye dhanyavaad, jisaki sthaapana 1538 mein hui thee, debrisen 16veen shatabdi seey aspas key kshetra kaa bauddhik aur saanskritik kendra rhaa haye. sadiyon seey, college koo ack vishvavidyalaya mein badal diyaa gayaa thaa, aur isake bauddhik jeevan ney eger aur oradea (huh "nagivarad", abb romenia mein) key beach prabhaav kaa ack kshetra vikasit kiya. 1949-1950 mein, vishvavidyalaya key kaee vibhagon koo bund curr diyaa gayaa thaa, communist adhigrahan key kaaran, kaee chhatron aur shikshakon koo nishkaasit curr diyaa gayaa thaa. debrisen vishvavidyalaya, jaisa kii abb ise kahaa jaataa haye, abhee bhee vastukala key vyaapak roop seey maanyata praapt kaam haye (jyaadaatar isaki mukhya imarat key liye dhanyavaad). vishvavidyalaya hangri kaa sabse badaa vishvavidyalaya haye, jisamen 100 seey adhik vibhaag hain aur yeh europe mein ack pramukh shodh suvidha haye. vishvavidyalaya mukhya bhawan key peechhe vanaspati udyaanon mein cactus anusandhaan prayogshala key liye jaanaa jaataa haye.
19veen shatabdi key uttaraardh mein, dibresen press ney shahar mein kaee ullekhaniya hastiyon koo aakarshit kiya. andrey addie, gyula crudy aur ard toth sabhi ney debresen mein apane patrakaarita currier kii shuruat kii. shahar kii pramukh saahityik hastiyon mein magda zabo aur shamil hain. hangri key sabse prasiddh kaviyon mein seey ack, mihali kokonai vitage, kaa janm aur nivaas shahar mein huaa thaa. 1865 mein nirmit shahar key rangmanch kaa naam 1916 mein unake sammaan mein rakhaa gayaa thaa, lekin isaki jadein 1789 mein debrisen mein sthaapit rashtriya rangmanch company mein vaapas mill sakati hain, jisane pahale ack saraay key carhouse mein pradarshan kiya thaa. prasiddh abhinetri lujja blaha una logon mein seey hain jinhone vahaan pradarshan kiya haye.
debresen mein tanksapda haye, joe hangri key sabse safal rock baindon mein seey ack haye. shahar mein ack rock school bhee haye joe yuva sangeetkaron koo prashikshan aur margadarshan pradaan kartaa haye. shahar mein classic media mein samachar patra naplo, dou tv channel, sthaaniya radio stations kii ack shrinkhala aur media samagri kaa utpaadan karane vaali kaee companiyan aur sangh shamil hain.
debresen ack mahatvapurna samooh pratiyogita, bella bartok antarrashtriya gaayak mandal pratiyogita kaa sthal haye, aur samooh gaayan key liye europeeya grand prix kaa ack sadasya shahar haye. harr agast mein shahar ack phool utsav kii mejbani kartaa haye.
arthavyavastha.
dibresen key vikas kaa vittaposhan mukhya roop seey krishi, swaasthya aur shaikshik udyamon dwara kiya jaataa haye. yeh shahar purvi hangri mein kharidari kendron kaa mukhya kendra haye. forum debrisen iss kshetra kaa sabse badaa kharidari kendra haye. debresen hangri key sabse vikasit shaharon mein seey ack haye, joe rashtriya upkaranon, yeh sevaayen hangri, beaty, mahadvipiya, bmw aur swaasthya seva nirmaataon (tii. ee. vee. pharmaceutical industries limitted) jaisi antarrashtriya companiyon kaa kshetriya kendra haye. aur gadion richter plc.).
sthaan.
debresen badapest key poorv mein mahaan hangerian maidan parr sthit haye. paas mein hortobaggy rashtriya udyaan sthit haye.
parivahan.
yeh shahar hangri key mukhya parivahan kendra badapest seey kuchh hudd taka alag huaa kartaa thaa. halanki, aim35 motorway key puuraa honey kaa matlab haye kii abb dou ghante seey bhee cumm samay mein buddepest taka pahuncha jaa sakata haye. debresen havaai adda (hangri mein doosara sabse badaa) haal hii mein adhik antarrashtriya udaanon koo sambhaalane mein saksham honey key liye aadhunikikaran seey gujra haye, halanki hangri seey aaney aur jaane vaali lagbhag sabhi udaanen abhee bhee buddepest key ferihegi havaai adde (abb jise buddepest ferenk liszt antarrashtriya havaai adda kahaa jaataa haye) kaa upayog karati hain. debrisen havaai adde seey jinn shaharon taka pahuncha jaa sakata haye, unamen brussels, eindhoven, landan, malmo, milan, tail avive, mosco aur peris shamil hain. 2004 seey 2006 key liye hangri kii mukhya roop seey ee. yuu.-vitt poshit rashtriya vikas yojana key hisse key roop mein rajdhani aur dibresen key beach railway key kuchh hisson mein bhee sudhaar kiya gayaa haye. 
debresen mein kaee railway station hain, sabse mahatvapurna debresen kaa mukhya station haye, isake alawa anya chhote station maujood hain, inmein debresen-capocart, debresen-condoros, debresen-zabadsagtelap aur tocology shamil hain.
ukraine, slovakia aur romenia key saath debresen kii nikatata ise vyaapak antarrashtriya kshetra key liye ack mahatvapurna vyaapaar kendra aur parivahan kendra key roop mein vikasit karane mein saksham banaati haye.
shahar mein sthaaniya parivahan mein basein, trolley basein aur traum shamil hain. 2 traum laainen, 5 trolleybus laainen aur 60 buss laainen hain. yeh dee. key. vee. ("debreseni kozlekedesi vallat", yaa "dibresen kii parivahan company") dwara pradaan kiya jaataa haye. aas-paas key shahar aur gaanv hajdu volan buss sevaaon dwara shahar seey judey hue hain.
khel.
shahar kaa sabse prasiddh association football club debreseni vee. aiss. see. haye jisane saat baar nemjeti bajnoksag jeetaa, 2014 mein aakhiri baar. debreseni vee. aiss. see. koo antarrashtriya star parr bhee jaanaa jaataa haye kyonki way 2009-10 uefa champions leag samooh charan aur 2010-11 uefa europa leag samooh charan mein pahunche they. club kaa navanirmit stadium 2014 mein khola gayaa thaa, jahan club 2014-15 nemjeti bajnoksag i jeetkar apana satwan khitaab manaa sakata thaa. yeh stadium hangri rashtriya football team kaa kabhi-kabhaar ghar bhee haye. team ney 2014 mein denmark aur 2015 mein lithuania kii mejbani kii.
shahar mein anya association football club they joe nemjeti bajnoksag mein pratispardha curr rahey they. unamen seey ack boskai aff. see. thaa joe 1930 mein ack baar magyar kupa bhee jeet sakata thaa. shahar kaa doosara club doza madis tey thaa jisane 1945-46 nemjeti bajnoksag aaee mein pratispardha kii.
shahar ney haal key varshon mein kaee antarrashtriya khel ayojanon kii mejbani kii haye, jaise kii julaai 2001 mein athletics mein doosari vishva yuva championship aur octuber 2006 mein pahali aaee. aeye. aeye. aff. vishva sadak daud championship. 2007 europeeya aiss. see. tairaki championship aur 2002 kii vishva kalaatmak gymnastic championship bhee debresen mein hui thee. haal hii mein, shahar ney octuber 2010 mein 19veen faaee vishva germ havaa gubbara championship kii mejbani kii. 2012 mein, debresen ney 31veen laine europeeya tairaki championship kii mejbani kii.
rajneeti.
debresen key vartamaan mahapour dow. lazlo paip (fidez-key. dee. aine. pee.).
2019 key sthaaniya sarkaar key chunaavon mein nirvaachit sthaaniya nagarpalika vidhansabha mein 33 sadasya (1 mahapour, 23 vyaktigat nirvaachan kshetra aim. ee. pee. aur 9 kshatipurti soochi aim. ee. pee.) hotey hain joe inn raajneetik dalon aur gathbandhanon mein vibhajit hotey hainh
mahapouron kii soochi.
1990 seey shahar key mahapouron kii soocheeh
judvaan shahar-bahan shahar.
debresen key saath jodaa gayaa haih