
niyantran kaar

ack niyantran kaar, cab kaar (uttari america), niyantran trailer, yaa driving trailer (yuke, ireland aur bhaarat) ack gair-sanchaalit rail vaahan haye jisase ack train kaa sanchaalan kiya jaa sakata haye. samarpit vaahanon yaa niyamit yatri kaaron key roop mein, unake paas ack yaa dou chaalak dibbe hain jinamen sabhi niyantran aur maapak hain joe door seey locomotive koo sanchaalit karane key liye aavashyak hain, jisamen baahari locomotive upkaran jaise horn, ghanti, hull aur roshni shamil hain. unake paas sanchaar aur suraksha pranaaliyan bhee hain jaise kii jee. aiss. aim.-aar. yaa europeeya train niyantran pranali (aadi). niyantran kaaren injan koo sthanantarit kiye binaa yaa train koo ghumaaye binaa train koo ack terminus parr vipareet disha mein jaane kii anumati dekar apane injan key vipareet train key anta mein sthit honey parr push-pull operation koo saksham banaati hain.
niyantran kaaren yaatriyon, saman aur daak koo leey jaa sakati hain, aur jaba deejal injanon key saath ack saath upayog kiya jaataa haye, tou isamen haid-aind power (happy) pradaan karane key liye ack injan-generator sett hoe sakata haye. inca upayog power kaar yaa rail kaar key saath bhee kiya jaa sakata haye.
europeeya railway ney 1920 key dashak seey niyantran kaaron kaa upayog kiya haye; way pahali baar 1960 key dashak mein sanyukt raajya mein dikhaai diye. 
niyantran kaaren injan key saath cable key madhyam seey samvaad karati hain joe kaaron key beach koodati hain. uttar america aur ireland ack maanak aeye. aar. 27-taar ekaadhik ikai cable kaa upayog karate hain, jabaki anya desh 61 taaron vaale cable kaa upayog karate hain. ack aur halia vidhi ack samay-vibhajan bahu-vibhaajak (tii. dee. aim.) connection key madhyam seey train koo niyantrit karna haye, joe aamtaur parr dou sanrakshit taaron key saath kaam kartaa haye.
uttari america.
uttar america mein, "cab kaar" kaa upayog mukhya roop seey yatri rail key liye aur cumm baar, lambi doori kii trains key liye kiya jaataa haye. ekal aur dwistariya donon model hain; styling kund chhor seey laker nae, adhik vaayugatiki, suvyavasthit cab taka hoti haye. way niyamit dibbon key samaan hoe sakate hain, kaaron key beach ack gangway koo shamil karane key liye taaki yadi aavashyak hoe tou unakaa upayog ack niyamit coach kii tarah yatri train key beach mein kiya jaa sakey.
shikago aur uttar paschimi railway mein 1960 mein pullman-standard dwara nirmit 42 niyantran cab they, jisase isaki trains yaa injanon koo ghumaane kii aavashyakta samaapt hoe gaee. yeh kaee-ikaaiyon key sanchaalan kaa ack vikas thaa joe usa samay key deejal injanon parr pahale seey hii aam thaa. kanadai pargaman agency exo apani sabhi trains mein niyantran kaaron kaa upayog karati haye, sivaay isake kii isaki vidyut bahu ikaaiyon key, joe dohare anta vaale ardh-sthaayi roop seey jode gaye teen-kaar reck key roop mein chalati hain. amtrack mein kaee poorv-buds metro liner cab kaaren bhee hain, jinka upayog mukhya roop seey keystone seva aur nae haven-springfield shuttle parr push pull sevaaon key liye kiya jaataa haye. lambi dweep rail sadak apane see3 double deck dibbon parr cab kaaron kaa upayog karati haye.
1990 key dashak key madhya key dauran, jaise-jaise sanyukt raajya america mein push-pull sanchaalan adhik aam hoe gayaa, leval crossing durghatanaon key dauran injan chaalak dall koo cumm suraksha pradaan karane key liye cab-kaaren aalochana key dayare mein aaa gaeen. ise taxi kaaron mein atirikt sudridhikaran pradaan karke sambodhit kiya gayaa haye. yeh aalochana 2005 kii glendale train durghatana key baad aur majboot hoe gaee, jisamen california mein ack leval crossing parr ack metro link ack jeep grand cheroki seey takra gaee. train apani taxi kaar key saath aage kii or yatra curr rahee thee, aur train jacknief hoe gaee. durghatana mein gyaarah logon kii maut hoe gaee aur lagbhag 180 loga ghayal hoe gaye. duss saal baad, 2015 kii shuruat mein, oxnard, california mein ack aur takkar hui, jisamen metro link kii behtar "rotem" cab kaaron mein seey ack train key saamane ack crossing parr ack truck seey takra gaee. truck chaalak ney takkar seey pahale apane vaahan koo chhod diyaa, lekin takkar key parinamswarup kaee kaar patari seey utar gaeen aur aage kii kaaren vyaapak roop seey ghayal hoe gaeen.
parivartit injan.
1970 key dashak seey 1999 taka, lambi dweep rail sadak mein kaee puraane injanon kaa upayog kiya gayaa thaa jinhen "power paik" mein parivartit kiya gayaa thaa. mool mukhya movers koo kewal engineer key niyantran stand key saath hape kii aapoorti key liye injan/generator key saath badal diyaa gayaa thaa. parivartit injanon mein alco aff. aeye.-1aiss aur aff. aeye.-2aiss, ee. aim. dee. aff. 7aiss aur ack aff. 9 shamil they. ack aff. aeye. koo 1991 mein see. 1 dwi-stariya kaaron key liye ack power kaar mein parivartit kiya gayaa thaa. taba seey rail maarg ney kuchh trains mein dee30assie/dee. aim. 30assie locomotive key saath classic cab kaaron mein badalaav kiya haye. lambi trains key liye dou injanon kii aavashyakta hoti haye, pratyek chhor parr ack.
1980 key dashak taka, ontario key goo pargaman mein ee. aim. dee. aff. pee. 7 key liye ack samaan sahayak bijli ikai (aeye. pee. yuu.) karyakram thaa. inca upayog aksar jee. pee. 40-2 doubleu. aiss. aur jee. pee. 40 aim.-2aiss. key saath kiya jaataa thaa, jisamen bijli seey chalane vaali trains mein hape kii kamee thee. unhein hape-susajjit gp40tc aur aff40fs key saath bhee upayog kiya gayaa, aur kabhi-kabhi anya railmargon koo patte parr diyaa gayaa thaa. way antatah 1995 mein ee. aim. dee. aff59aff. aiss. key aagaman parr sevaanivritt hoe gaye aur baad mein ack aff7aeye aur ack aff7bee koo chhodkar, jinhen kramshah trie-rail aur ontario northland railway koo betch diyaa gayaa thaa, koo chhodkar samaapt curr diyaa gayaa.
maark kii ack poorv aff7 ikai, #7100 thee, jise ack aeye. pee. see. yuu., yaa sabhi uddeshya vaali niyantran ikai mein bhee parivartit kiya gayaa thaa, jise kabhi-kabhi ack cab kaar key liye pratisthaapit kiya jaataa thaa. ise ack hape generator, nae cab niyantranon key saath phir seey banaaya gayaa thaa, aur ack nathan airchime key5la key saath susajjit kiya gayaa thaa. iska upayog 2000 key dashak key anta taka kiya gayaa thaa, aur 2010 mein bee aind oh railroad sangrahalaya koo daan kiya gayaa thaa.
amtrack ney atirikt ee. aim. dee. aff40aff. injanon seey prime mover, mukhya ulternator aur traction motors koo hataakar apani gair-sanchaalit niyantran ikai (aine. pee. see. yuu.) vikasit kii. niyantran stand koo jagah parr chhod diyaa gayaa thaa, jaisa kii horn, ghanti aur headlight operation kii anumati dene vaale upkaran they. saman seva kii anumati dene key liye ack farsh aur roll-upp side-door sthaapit kiye gaye they, jisase "cab-saman kaar" yaa "cabage" upnaam mill gayaa.
prashant uttar-paschim mein "cascades" seva key liye punarnirmit chhah aine. pee. see. aiss. mein roll-upp side darwaaje naheen hain, kyonki jiss talgo sett parr way kaam karate hain, usamen train key hisse key roop mein ack baggage kaar hoti haye, halanki #90230 aur #90250 haal hii mein inn darvaajon seey susajjit they.
downester parr chaar aine. pee. see. aiss. kaa upayog kiya jaataa haye. inn ikaaiyon mein neeche kii or key logo koo ikaaiyon key saamane aur kinaaron parr lagaaya jaataa haye.
teen aine. pee. see. yuu. koo amtrack california sevaaon parr upayog key liye naamit kiya gayaa haye. way 1985 aur 1997 key beach caltrain dwara upayog kiye jaane vaale neele aur teal dhaaridaar vardi key saath purani key samaan ack pent yojana mein chitrit kiye jaate hain.
2011 mein, amtrack kii 40veen varshgaanth pradarshani train key push-pull sanchaalan koo saksham karane key liye amtrack aff40aff 406 koo ack npq mein parivartit kiya gayaa thaa; isake alawa sahayak bijli kii aapoorti key liye ack hape generator sthaapit kiya gayaa thaa. anya aine. pee. see. aiss. key vipareet, 406 apani mool sankhya (90406 taka punah kramaankit honey key bajaay) koo barkarar rakhta haye aur baahari roop seey ack parichaalan aff40aff jaisa dikhta haye.
2017 mein, aine. see. dee. oh. tii. ney aiks-goo aff59aff. aiss. kaa upayog karke ack cab niyantran ikai (see. see. yuu.) karyakram shuru kiya. inca upayog "peedmont" parr kiya jaataa haye.
europe.
europe mein iss prakaar key vaahan key sanchaalan key kaee udaaharan hain.
bellaroos.
bellaroos mein, push-pull trains key hisse key roop mein, reega machine-nirmaan sanyantra (aar. vee. aar.) dwara nirmit dee. aar. 1. dums seey niyantran aur madhyavarti kaaron kaa upayog kiya jaataa haye. bijli seey chalane vaali kaaron koo bund karane key baad, unamen seey kuchh koo injan kaksh koo yatri dibbe seey badalkar niyantran kaaron mein parivartit curr diyaa gayaa, aur ack train key dusare chhor parr, 2m62 yaa 2m62u deejal injanon kii ack ikai kaa upayog dusare key bajaay shuru hoe gayaa. baad mein, dee. aar. bee. 1 trains kii niyantran kaaron kaa utpaadan aar. vee. aar. dwara shuru mein dee. aim. aiss. key barabar push-pull trains key liye kiya jaanaa shuru huaa. aar. vee. aar. ney aise train seton key liye dee. aar. bee. 2 niyantran kaaron kaa bhee utpaadan kiya, joe ee. aar. 9 ee. aim. yuu. kii niyantran kaaron key samaan hain.
belgium.
aine. aim. bee. aiss./aiss. aine. see. bee. push-pull operation kaa vyaapak upayog karate hain. trains 21veen kaksha key 27 yaa 18veen kaksha key vidyut injanon dwara sanchaalit hoti hain aur ack driving gaadi seey ack disha mein sanchaalit hoti hain.
check ganarajya.
check ganarajya mein, inn niyantran gaadiyon kaa upayog ateet mein shayed hii kabhi kiya jaataa thaa. mukhya kaaran una trains kii adhik pravritti key baare mein chinta thee jinamen train key sheersh parr patari seey utarane key liye ack karshan ikai naheen haye. pahale key kaanoon mein iss tarah kii train koo doobane key liye maanaa jaataa thaa aur iss kaaran seey iss tarah kii train kii gati seemit thee.
finland.
vee. aar. bede mein 12 cab kaaren (finishah "ohjauswanu") shamil hain, jinhen edo key roop mein vargeekrit kiya gayaa haye.
france.
corell bede mein 28 "voiters-pilot" shamil hain, jinhen bee6dukes key roop mein vargeekrit kiya gayaa haye.
denmark.
dennish koo 2002 mein adhigrahit kiya gayaa thaa. niyantran kaar kaa nirmaan bombardier dwara kiya jaataa haye. unhein 2019 seey urdhvata key liye unnat kiya jaanaa haye.
germany.
niyantran kaaron (jarmanah "steerwagen") aur remot controll seey lais bhaap injanon kaa upayog karane key pahale german prayaas dwiteeya vishva yuddh seey pahale duesh reachesban (dee. aar. bee.) dwara kiye gaye they. chaalak key niyantran nirdeshon koo niyantran kaar seey locomotive taka chadburn-prakaar kii machine telegraph (jahaajon parr injan order telegraph key samaan) dwara preshit kiya gayaa thaa. adesh koo turant sweekaar karna padaa aur swachaalit firebox niyantrakon dwara lagu kiya gayaa. iss apratyaksh niyantran koo avyaavhaarik aur asurakshit key roop mein aanka gayaa thaa, kyonki, halanki chaalak ney seedhe break koo niyantrit kiya thaa, khatra thaa kii ack aapaatkaaleen sthiti mein locomotive kuchh samay key liye "dhakka" bijli kii aapoorti jaari rakhega aur sambhavatah train koo patari seey utaar dega.
vidyut injanon kaa upayog karane key prayaas (parivartit ee 04 varg model seey shuru) adhik ashajanak they, kyonki injan chaalak seedhe injan koo niyantrit curr sakata thaa. achchi safaltaon key bavjood dwiteeya vishva yuddh ney pareekshan karyakram koo baadhit curr diyaa. yuddh key baad hii kaar sanchaalan koo dheere-dheere sweekaar kiya jaayega, jaba injan aur upayukt roop seey susajjit kaaren upalabdh hoe jaayengi.
train kii lambai mein push-pull sanchaalan shamil haye joe mool roop seey margadarshan gatishilata key karanon seey 10 kaaron taka seemit thee. 1980 mein gati seema bhee lagu kii gaee thee, joe badhkar 1980 mein hoe gaee thee. yeh ack parichaalan baadha naheen thee, kyonki push-pull trains kaa upayog aam taur parr shuru mein chhah-kaar yatri trains mein kiya jaataa thaa.
kewal 1990 key dashak key madhya seey lambi doori kii trains hain, jinamen 14 kaaren hoe sakati hain aur jinaki gati seey yatra kii jaa sakati haye, jinhen niyantran kaaron key saath sanchaalit kiya jaataa haye. ack vishesh paristhiti burf 2 haye, joe haal hii mein nirmit uchch gati vaali lines parr niyantran kaar key saath kaam curr sakati haye.
hangri.
hangri mein 1960 key dashak seey niyantran kaaren maujood hain. aim. aeye. vee. dwara upayog kii jaane vaali pahali prakaar kii niyantran kaaren, joe abhee bhee cumm yatayat shakha lines parr upayog kii jaati hain, bee. dee. tii. (taba bee. dee. aeye. tii. kahaa jaataa haye) shrinkhala thee, jisamen bee. dee. tii. 100 shrinkhala deejal (aur pahale bhaap key saath) injanon (vishesh roop seey aim. 41 shrinkhala) key saath yatra karane mein saksham thee, aur bee. dee. tii. 300 shrinkhala vidyut vee. 43 shrinkhala injanon key saath yatra karane mein saksham thee. inn dibbon kaa nirmaan 1962 aur 1972 key beach maav dunakezi mukhya karyashala dwara kiya gayaa thaa.
bee. dee. tii. 100 shrinkhala key adhikansh, bee. jaid. aim. tii. shrinkhala key baad kaary kii kamee key saath, bijli rahit shakha lines kii sikudati sankhya koo peechhe chhod diyaa, 2005 mein (1999 mein nirmit 7 kii ack prototype shrinkhala key baad) dunekezi mukhya karyashala dwara bee. dee. tii. 400 shrinkhala mein parivartit curr diyaa gayaa, jiska netritva abb bombardier ney kiya thaa. way kewal v43 2xx shrinkhala key saath sangat hain, kyonki kewal unake paas digital remot controll haye.
dee. bee. seey poorv purvi german gaadi shrinkhala kii khareed key saath, jise "halberstadders" kahaa jaataa haye, 27 niyantran kaaren kramik roop seey bee. dee. tii. dwara hangri mein aaeen. halanki ack vee43 3XX shrinkhala pesh kii gaee thee jisamen inn niyantran kaaron key liye vishesh remot controll sangat haye, kyonki shakha line dibbon key roop mein halberstadder key durlabh upayog key kaaran, way shayed hii kabhi prabhaavi niyantran kaaron key roop mein upayog kiye jaate hain, aur unhein aksar ack niyamit gaadi key roop mein dekhaa jaataa haye kyonki unake saikil bhandaran sthaan key kaaran.
takniki roop seey alag niyantran kaaren hain, jaise kii bdx shrinkhala joe mdmo shrinkhala kaa hissa thee (abb rolling stock seey hataa dee gaee haye), yaa bmxt shrinkhala joe btvmot aur bvhmot eemu shrinkhala kaa hissa haye, lekin unhein kramshah unake dmu aur eu ikai key ack hisse key roop mein maanaa jaataa haye aur maanaa jaataa haye.
ireland.
inard erain dou vargon key push-pull train kaa sanchaalan kartaa haye, pratyek apani niyantran kaar key saathah
sabhi maark 4 niyantran kaaron mein poorna aakar kii driving cab hoti hain jinamen ee. aim. dee. locomotive prakaar kii shakti aur break niyantran hotey hain. locomotive niyantran ack aar pranali key madhyam seey haye, jise train key darvaajon key niyantran koo shamil karane aur 201 varg key injanon key saath sanchaalit karane key liye aaee. aar. aar. oh. aaee. aar. aine. (aaee. ee.) dwara sanshodhit kiya gayaa haye.
inard erain ney pahale 1989 seey 2009 taka 3 niyantran kaaron kaa sanchaalan kiyaah
itali.
itali mein, dwiteeya vishva yuddh key baad pahali push-pull trains chalani shuru huin.
usa samay vaastav mein peechhe key injan koo remot kamaand karane key liye koee pranali naheen thee, isaliye ack engineer koo isamen jagah lenny thee aur dusare chaalak dwara diye gaye nirdeshon (ack upayukt intercom key madhyam seey) kaa paalan karate hue karshan kii kamaan sambhaalani thee, joe saamane kii kaar mein rahey, break aur sanketon koo dekh rahey they.
yeh 1970 key dashak mein 78-taar cable koo apanaane taka chalaa, jisane niyantran kaaron seey poorna remot commanding koo saksham kiya.
aaj push-pull trains bahut aam hain, aur vibhinn prakaar kii niyantran kaaron kaa upayog kiya jaataa haih
yeye prakaar maanak 78-taar cable key saath aapoorti kiye gaye kissy bhee italvi locomotive key poorna remot controll kii anumati dete hain, sivaay yuu. aaee. see. jaid. 1 key, joe aaee. see. sevaaon parr upayog kiye jaate hain aur kewal varg e.402 locomotive, aur aim. dee. vee. see. deejal-vishisht sanskaran koo kamaand karane mein saksham hotey hain, joe kewal varg d.445 deejal locomotive key saath upayog karane yogya hotey hain.
ack hii driving kamaand kaa upayog rheostatic aur electronic injan donon key liye kiya jaataa haye, lekin unake arth badal jaate hain.
"vivalto" prakaar kii niyantran kaaren, iss samay, kewal doorasth kamaand varg e.464 aur varg e.632 injan curr sakati hain, kyonki software key mudde hain, halanki way anya locomotive prakaron koo kamaand karane mein saksham hain.
vivalto kaaren tii. see. aine. remot controll cable kaa bhee upayog curr sakati hain.
driving kaaron koo unaki pehchaan sankhya mein "aine. pee." key kaaran pahachaana jaa sakata haye aur aamtaur parr saikil aur saman parivahan key liye ack samarpit dibbe bhee hotey hain.
vishisht ee. aim. yuu./dee. aim. yuu. gair-motor chaalit ikaaiyaan bhee hain, jinhen (trainitalia mein) leey/ell. aine. aiks. aiks. key roop mein vargeekrit kiya gayaa haye, jisamen karshan motors kii kamee koo chhodkar unake aur motor chaalit ikaaiyon key beach koee mahatvapurna antar naheen haye.
neetherland.
aine. aiss. dwara neetherland mein cab kaaron (dachah stoorstandriztuig) kaa upayog sett key imus mein parivartan aur "intercity direct" sevaaon parr niyantran kaaron key bund upayog key kaaran durlabh hotaa jaa rhaa haye.
desh key uttar mein kuchh cumm doori kii trains key liye "aabhaasi eemu" avadharana kaa upayog vaha jagah haye jahan ack driving gaadi, dou yaa teen madhyavarti dibbon aur ack varg 1700 electric locomotive key train sett banate hain. inn train seton koo iss tarah seey aarekhit kiya gayaa haye jaise kii way sabhi imu they jisake parinamswarup dou injanon key saath sanrachana hoti haye, aksar train mein madhyavarti sthitiyon parr. adhikansh train seton koo double-decker imus mein parivartit curr diyaa gayaa haye jise dee. dee. jaid. kahaa jaataa haye.
polland.
polland mein, upayog kiya jaane vaalaa shabd "vaigan steronici" haye, jiska shaabdik arth haye "niyantran gaadi".
college mazoviki apani kshetriya sevaaon parr driving trailer kaa upayog karate hain. double-decker driving trailer aur kaaron key pahale batch, twindex bombardier double-deck coach, 2008 mein vitarit kiye gaye they. doosara batch, pessa-nirmit sundeck, 2015 key anta mein vitarit kiya gayaa thaa.
slovakia.
2011 mein, raajya key swaamitva vaale slovakian railway operator zsk ney ack jnr-adharit yatri train operator kii shuruat kii; scoda parivahan dwara nirmit ack push-pull operation train shrinkhala, jisamen varg 381 electric 109ee injan aur yahaan taka kii varg 263 vaikalpik-vartamaan injan shamil hain, company dwara upayog kiye jaane vaale vaahan pradaan karate hain. class 951 system train coach bratislava hlavna stanica mein pesh kiye gaye hain, joe aam taur parr yatri rail aur kshetriya rail key sanyojan mein sanchaalit hotey hain.
sweeden.
sweeden mein kewal ack prakaar kii niyantran kaar seva mein haye. aeye. aff. aim. 7 key kewal teen udaaharan banaae gaye they aur way vartamaan mein malren ghaati mein aiss. jey. key saath seva mein hain. niyantran kaar key liye swedish shabd "manvervagon" haye jiska shaabdik arth haye "paintarebaazi vaali kaar". 
switzerland.
swiss driving trailer kaee alag-alag vinyason mein kaam karate hain. vartamaan mein aiss-baahan network key saath-saath kshetriya, antar-kshetriya aur antar-shahar sevaaon parr kaee model seva mein hain. yeye sanghiya railway pranali (aiss. bee. bee.) key saath-saath desh bhar mein vibhinn niji railmargon (sankeern gaze lines sahit) aur france, germany aur itali mein sanchaalit hotey hain.
driving trailers koo yuu. aaee. see.-patra pranali key baad vargeekrit kiya jaataa haye, jisamen ack "tii" jodaa jaataa haye, jisamen "beaty" (dwiteeya shreni), "bee. dee. tii" (dwiteeya shreni + saman), "abt" (pratham + dwiteeya shreni), yaa "dt" (saman) diyaa jaataa haye.
intercity trains key liye beaty ic hain joe eadblue IV key saath kaam karate hain aur ic 2000 trains key liye double-deck sanskaran, 460 key saath kaam karate hain.
450 key barabar kaam karane vaali zurikh aiss-baahan trains mein 450-bee-abb-beaty shamil hain, lekin madhyavarti kaaron aur driving trailers koo coaching stock key roop mein kramaankit kiya jaataa haye.
"aar. bee. dee. ee. 560 vaali "aine. pee. jaid.". kshetriya aur aiss-baahan trains mein aamtaur parr ack milan bee. tii. driving trailer hotaa haye. takniki roop seey puraane bee. dee. tii. ee. doubleu. aaee./aaee. aaee. dwara pratisthaapan sambhav haye. puraane driving trailer, jyaadaatar bee. dee. tii. ee. doubleu. aaee./aaee. aur aiss. bee. bee. key kuchh shesh dee. tii. kaa upayog ray 420 aur aar. bee. ee. 540 aur niji railway kii kuchh prerak shakti key saath kiya jaa sakata haye. siddhant roop mein bhee 430 aur 620 koo niyantrit kiya jaa sakata haye lekin yeye varg aaj kewal malgadiyon kaa kaam karate hain.
bee. ell. aiss. driving trailers key chaar samoohon koo sanchaalit kartaa haih
sudostabahan key paas unake bee. dee. ee. 4/4 key liye aeye. bee. tii. kaa ack bedaa thaa lekin way jald hii poori tarah seey flirt dwara pratisthaapit hoe jaayenge. aine. pee. jaid. aib. tii. dou prakaar key aar. bee. dee. ee. 566 sob key liye maujood haye (566 071-076 aiks. bee. tii. aur 566 077-080 aiss. bee. bee.-prakaar key aiks. sob). nau bee. dee. tii. kaa upayog 456,446 yaa aiss. bee. bee.-see. aff. aff. aiss. 420 key saath voralpen-express key liye kiya jaataa haye.
nairo gaze gentralban ebt aich. jee. 101 (aiks aiss. bee. bee.), dee 110, bee. dee. ee. aich 140 (aiks. ell. aiss. ee.) aur nae "spatz" aib 130 koo niyantrit curr sakata haye.
reishian railway (aar. aich. bee.) mein, 4/4 511-516 key saath kaam karane vaale abudt key alawa, driving trailers kaa ack samooh haye jiska upayog unake jee. ee. 4/4 aaee, aaee. aaee. aur aaee. aaee. aaee. injanon key saath kiya jaa sakata haye. unamen seey teen vishesh roop seey veraina kaar shuttle trains key liye susajjit hain.
matterhorn-gothard-baahan (aim. jee. bee.) mein lagbhag sabhi prakaar kii prerak shakti key liye kaee driving trailer hain. way furka aadhar surang key madhyam seey kshetriya trains aur kaar shuttle trains kaa kaam karate hain.
united kingdam.
united kingdam mein, "driving trailer" mein ack yaa dou driving cab hoe sakate hain. inca upayog kaee dashakon seey kiya jaa rhaa haye, mahaan paschimi railway aksar shakha line sevaaon parr autocoach kaa upayog kartaa haye. inn sub ney ack train chaalak koo upayukt roop seey susajjit locomotive key niyaamak aur reversor koo door seey niyantrit karane kii anumati dee. boiler aur locomotive ct chalaane key liye fireman locomotive parr banaa rhaa. injanon koo aamtaur parr autocoach kii ack jodee key beach sandwich kiya jaataa thaa, jisase adhikatam chaar kaa upayog kiya jaa sakata thaa.
driving trailer.
driving break standard open yaa dee. bee. aiss. oh. vishesh roop seey parivartit maark 2 yatri kaar haye. shuru mein 1979 seey scottrell dwara sanchaalit, way 1980 key dashak key anta seey 2006 taka mahaan purvi mukhya line parr intercity aur anglia railway sevaaon parr sanchaalit kiye gaye they. kuchh koo network rail pareekshan trains mein upayog key liye navinikrit kiya gayaa haye. anya kaa upayog cumbrian tata line locomotive parr seedhi rail sevaaon dwara kiya jaataa thaa, joe 2018 key anta taka uttari rail key anubandh key tahat yatri trains koo kheenchati thee, jaba unhein niyamit deejal kaee ikaaiyon dwara pratisthaapit kiya gayaa thaa.
transpanin express key maark 5aeye sett mein ack uddeshya nirmit driving trailer shamil haye.
gaadi chalaane vaalaa trailer.
driving vaine trailer yaa dee. vee. tii. ack adhik aadhunik prakaar kii niyantran kaar haye, jiska uddeshya saman aur ack gaard key karyalaya key liye jagah shamil karna haye. dee. vee. tii. koo 1980 key dashak key anta mein dee. bee. aiss. oh. seey vikasit kiya gayaa thaa aur ise paschimi tata mukhya line sevaaon parr maark 3aiss key saath upayog karane key liye design kiya gayaa thaa aur purvi tata mukhya line parr maark 4aiss kiya gayaa thaa. farwari 2021 taka, maark 3 dee. vee. tii. chilton railway aur network rail key saath seva mein hain, maark 4 dee. vee. tii. key saath landan uttar purvi railway key saath seva mein hain, jinamen seey kuchh 2021 seey wells rail key liye parivahan dwara sanchaalit kiye jaayenge. maark 3 dee. vee. tii. key poorv operators mein ariva trains wells, grater anglia, kevalisamy wells, virgine trains paschimi tata aur rexham aur shropshire hain.
mahasagar.
australia.
aine. aiss. doubleu.
sabhi driving trailer aam taur parr pahale key rolling stock parr hotey hain. inn driving trailers key udaaharan see aur key sett (4 trailer) key saath kuchh purani (abb sabse adhik sambhavana scrap) laal ratler kaaron parr they. key sett seey driving trailers koo baad mein samanya trailers mein badal diyaa gayaa. inhen pantograph kii sthiti seey nott kiya jaa sakata haye. ack sett parr pentograph koo doosari aur teesari kaaron parr rakhaa jaataa haye, aur ack aathh kaar train (2 sett sanyukt) parr unhein doosari, teesari, chhathi aur saatvin kaaron parr rakhaa jaataa haye. sidney trains kii kuchh teesari peedhi, tangra yaa tii sett mein driving trailer hotey hain, lekin ack pantograph key upayog key bavjood train koo bijli kii aapoorti karane key liye susajjit hotey hain.
waratah (ack sett) mein dou driving trailer (pratyek chhor parr ack) hotey hain, jisamen driving aur gair-driving trailers key beach power trailer hotey hain.
dakshin australia.
2100 shreni kii railkar driving trailer hain, jinhen 2-kaar mein rakhaa jaa rhaa haye jisamen 2000 shreni kii power unit hoti haye, kabhi-kabhi 3-kaar banaane key liye dusare trailer key saath-power kaar koo dou trailers key beach rakhaa jaataa haye. 2018 taka, inmein seey kewal teen trailer maujood hain, baaki koo hataa diyaa gayaa thaa. dou sanrakshit hain aur ack joe dakshin australiyai mahanagariya agnishaman seva (aadhe mein katauti) koo daan kiya gayaa thaa. baarah mein seey teen 2000 varg bijli ikaaiyon kaa ack hii bhaagya rhaa haye.
newzealand.
halke railkaron key saath prayogon kaa uddeshya halke upayog vaali shakha lines parr laagat mein katauti karna thaa. 1906 aur 1907 mein autotrain banaae gaye they aur 1925 taka aine. jaid. aar. mein 8 88-seat aur 5 72-seat vaali motor trains theen. 1908 mein otahuhu aur 1913 mein morinsville aur putaruru key beach ack motor train ockland upnagariya seva thee.
uckland mein, transdev uckland ney 21 dee. see. varg key injanon aur chaar dee. aff. tii. varg key injanon (keevirel key swaamitva mein) koo push-pull mode mein sanchaalit kiya, jisamen 3-5 aiss. aeye. kaaron key 24 sett aur driving cab aur remot controll key saath ack aiss. dee. driving kaar (upnagariya seva key liye poorv british rail maark 2 dibbon kaa punarnirmaan), ack uckland parivahan key swaamitva mein thee. julaai 2015 mein dibbon koo imu seey badal diyaa gayaa thaa.
asia.
srilanka.
srilanka railway dwara sanchaalit adhikansh deejal ikaaiyon parr niyantran kaaren upalabdh hain.
israel.
niyantran kaaren israel railway dwara sanchaalit adhikansh deejal kaee ikaaiyon parr upalabdh hain.
bhaarat.
niyantran taxi aamtaur parr bhaarat mein demu, emu aur memu parr paaee jaati hain.