
lucia dee lammermoor

lucia dee lammermoor () italvi sangeetkaar getano donizetti dwara teen krityon mein ack (dukhad opera) haye. salvador cammarano ney surr walter scott key 1819 key aitihaasik upanyaas "dha bride off lammermoor" parr adharit italvi bhasha kaa libretto likhaa.
donizetti ney 1835 mein "lucia dee lammermoor" likhaa, jaba vaha ack opera sangeetkaar key roop mein apani pratishtha key shikhar parr pahunch rahey they. giochino rosini haal hii mein sevaanivritt hue they aur vincenzo bellini kii mrityu "lucia" key premiere seey kuchh samay pahale hoe gaee thee, jisase donizetti "italvi opera key ekmatra shaasak pratibha" key roop mein reh gaye they. naa kewal ack sangeetkaar key roop mein donizetti kii safalata key liye paristhitiyaan upayukt theen, balki scotland key itihas aur sanskriti mein bhee vyaapak ruchi thee. isake hinsak yuddhon aur jhagadon key saath-saath isaki lokkathaon aur pauranik kathaaon key kathit romans ney 19veen shatabdi key pathakon aur darshakon koo aakarshit kiya. surr walter scott ney apane upanyaas 'dha bride off lammermoor' mein inn tatvon koo naatakiya roop diyaa, jisane 'lucia' sahit kaee sangeet karyon koo prerit kiya.
kahani bhaavnaatmak roop seey najuk luci ashton (lucia) seey sambandhit haye joe apane parivaar aur covenswod key beach ack jhagade mein funce jaati haye. 17veen shatabdi mein scotland (lammermoor) kii lammermuir pahaadiyaan iss kshetra kii prishthabhoomi hain.
pradarshan kaa itihas.
19veen shatabdi.
opera kaa premiere 26 sitambar 1835 koo naples mein teatro dee saine carlo mein huaa. haalaanki, johnn black ney nott kiya kii "isake baad key pradarshan itihas kii aashcharyajanak visheshta yeh haye kii yeh napolitan pradarshanon key pradarshan mein itani dheere-dheere sthaapit huaa", yeh dekhate hue kii 1835 key baaki hisson mein 18 pradarshan they,
1836 mein kewal chaar, 1837 mein 16,1838 mein dou, aur iss tarah seey jaari rahey aur 1847 aur 1848 mein pratyek mein kewal dou they.
landan ney 5 aprail 1838 koo opera dekhaa aur peris key liye, donizetti ney ack francisi sanskaran key liye score koo sanshodhit kiya, joe 6 agast 1839 koo peris mein thetre dee laa renesaan mein shuru huaa. yeh 28 maee 1841 koo nyu orleans mein utpaadan key saath sanyukt raajya america mein pahuncha.
20veen shatabdi aur usase aage.
opera 1903 seey 1972 taka ack samay mein ack seey adhik season key liye mahanagariya opera key repertory seey kabhi anupasthit naheen thaa. dwiteeya vishva yuddh key baad, opera koo nayaa jeevan dene mein kaee soprano kii mahatvapurna bhoomika thee, jisamen maria kalas (1955 mein ll scala aur berlin mein herbert wonn karajan key tahat 1954 seey pradarshan key saath) aur dame johnn aiss. doubleu. (1959 aur 1960 mein shaahi opera house covent garden mein pradarshan key saath) shamil they.
yeh operatic pradarshanon kii soochi kaa ack mukhya hissa banaa huaa haye.
opera seey ack eriya, "ill dolsey suono", film key paanchven tatva mein dikhaaya gayaa haye. 
vaadyayantra.
upkaran haih
isake alawa ack off-stage wind baind kaa upayog kiya jaataa haye; donizetti ney vaadya pradaan naheen kiya. 
saath hii, kabhi-kabhi glass harmonica koo lucia key pagal drishya mein ekal bansuri key liye pratisthaapit kiya jaataa haye, donizetti key mool score key anusaar.
saransh.
adhiniyam 1.
"drishya 1: lammermoor mahal key bageeche"
normanno, mahal key rakshak key kaptan, aur anya anuchar ack ghuspaithiye kii talash curr rahey hain. vaha enrico koo bataata haye kii vaha maanata haye kii vaha aadami revenswod kaa adgardo haye, aur vaha enrico kii bahan, lucia seey milane key liye mahal mein aataa haye. yeh pushti kii gaee haye kii adgardo vaastav mein ghuspaithiya haye. enrico ney revenswod parivaar key liye apani nafrat aur rishte koo samaapt karane key apane dridh sankalp kii pushti kii.
"drishya 2: mahal key buggle mein park key pravesh dwaar parr ack fawware seey"
lucia adgardo kii prateeksha karati haye. apane prasiddh eriya mein, "lucia apani naukarani elissa koo bataati haye kii usane ack ladki key bhoot koo usee sthaan parr ack irshyalu kauve key poorvaj dwara maaraa gayaa haye. elissa lucia koo bataati haye kii yeh bhoot ack chetavani haye aur usey adgardo key liye apana pyaar chhodana hoga. adgardo pravesh kartaa haye; raajneetik karanon seey, usey turant france key liye ravaana honah chaahiye. vaha enrico key saath shaanti sthaapit karane aur lucia seey shaadi karane kii ummeed kartaa haye. lucia usey bataati haye kii yeh asambhav haye, aur isake bajaay way shaadi kii shapath lete hain aur angoothiyon kaa adaan-pradaan karate hain. adgardo chhod detaa haye.
adhiniyam 2.
"drishya 1: lord ashton key apartment"
lucia seey arturo kii aasann shaadi kii taiyari kii jaa rahee haye. enrico iss baat koo laker chintit haye kii kyaa lucia vaastav mein shaadi key liye prastut hogi. vaha apani bahan koo ack jaali patra dikhaata haye joe yeh saabit kartaa haye kii adgardo usey bhool gayaa haye aur ack nayaa premi leey liya haye. enrico lucia koo aage manaane key liye chhod detaa haye, iss baar lucia key paadari aur shikshak, raimondo dwara, kii usey parivaar kii bhalai key liye adgardo key liye apani pratigya kaa tyag karna chaahiye, aur arturo seey shaadi karni chaahiye.
"drishya 2: mahal mein ack holl"
arturo shaadi key liye aataa haye. lucia vyathit lagati haye, lekin enrico bataati haye kii yeh usaki maan kii mrityu key kaaran haye. arturo vivaah anubandh parr hastakshar kartaa haye, jisake baad anichha seey lucia. usa samay adgardo achaanak holl mein dikhaai detaa haye, joe prasiddh sextate "chee mee frena inn taal momento" kii or leey jaataa haye. raimondo ack ladaai koo rokta haye, aur vaha vivaah anubandh parr adgardo lucia key hastakshar dikhaata haye. adgardo usey shaap detaa haye, aur maang kartaa haye kii way ack-dusare koo apani angoothiyaan vaapas curr dein. mahal seey baahar nikalane seey pahale vaha apani angoothi koo jameen parr raund detaa haye.
adhiniyam 3.
"drishya 1: wolfcrag"
enrico usey dwandwayuddh key liye chunauti dene key liye adgardo seey milane jaataa haye. vaha usey bataata haye kii lucia pahale seey hii apane dulhan key bistar kaa anand leey rahee haye. adgardo usase ladane key liye sahmat hoe jaataa haye. way baad mein bhediye key chattan key paas kauve key kabristan mein milenge.
"drishya 2: ack holl"
raimondo mehmaanon koo yeh bataane key liye shaadi key samaroh mein baadha daaltaa haye kii lucia pagal hoe gaee haye aur usane apane doolhe arturo koo maar daala haye. lucia pravesh karati haye. " "" vaha adgardo key saath honey kii kalpana karati haye, jald hii khushi seey shaadi karane vaali haye.  enrico pravesh kartaa haye aur pahale lucia koo dhamki detaa haye lekin baad mein jaba usey usaki sthiti kaa ehsas hotaa haye tou vaha naram hoe jaataa haye. lucia gir jaati haye. raimondo poori trasdi koo tej karane key liye enrico koo doshi thaharaata haye.
"drishya 3: revenswod parivaar kaa kabristan"
adgardo ney enrico kii talwar parr khud koo maarne kaa sankalp liya. usey pataa chalata haye kii lucia marr rahee haye aur phir raimondo usey yeh bataane key liye aataa haye kii vaha pahale hii marr chuki haye. adgardo ney khud koo ack khanjar seey chaku maaraa, iss ummeed mein kii vaha swarg mein lucia key saath phir seey mill jaayega.
sangeet.
pagal drishya".
pagal drishya" (adhiniyam 3, drishya 2) seey "adhik geetaatmak" kaa anusaran karate hue, aitihaasik roop seey kaee rangeen sopranos (dame johnn key liye ack safalata pradaan karna) key liye ack vaahan rhaa haye aur yeh takniki aur spasht roop seey maang vaalaa tukada haye. donizetti ney ise aff mejar mein likhaa thaa, lekin ise aksar ack swar (dou aadhe kadam) koo ee-flat mein sthanantarit kiya jaataa haye.
maria kalas sahit kuchh soprano ney drishya koo "(" jaisa likhaa gayaa haye ") tareeke seey prastut kiya haye, jisase unaki vyakhyaon mein nyuntam alankaran jodaa gayaa haye. haalaanki, adhikansh soprano apani takniki kshamata koo pradarshit karane key liye alankaran jodate hain, jaisa kii bell canto avadhi mein parampara thee. isamen trills, mordants, turn, runn aur cadenza kaa jodd aur antarveshan shamil haye. lagbhag sabhi soprano cadenza koo "pagal drishya" key anta mein jodate hain, kabhi-kabhi unhein ack uchch mukhya bhaashan parr samaapt karate hain (ee-flat yaa aff, jiss kunji mein way gaa rahey hain, usake aadhar parr, halanki maido robbin aur bhee adhik bee-flat letaa haye). rooth velting, marella davia, maddy mesplay aur lilly pones sahit kuchh soprano ney donizetti kii mool aff pramukh kunji mein "pagal drishya" gaaya haye, halanki ee-flat koo adhik aam taur parr sunaa jaataa haye.
iss drishya kaa mool scoring glass harmonica aur soprano key liye thaa. haalaanki, bansuri aur soprano ekal vaadak key liye ack anukoolan taba seey adhik aam taur parr kiya gayaa haye, jyaadaatar vyaavhaarik karanon seey. glass harmonica khilaadi saasa recart aur phillip alekjendar margare ney 2006 mein milan mein opera laa scala mein gatano donizetti kii drishti koo punarjeevit kiya, jisamen mairila davia bhee shamil thee, aur taba seey donizetti key mool score koo sabhi pramukh opera houses mein vaapas laaya gayaa haye, jisamen isake premiere, teatro dee saine carlo kaa sthaan bhee shamil haye. friedrich heinrich kern, joe recart aur marguerre key saath synphonia dee vetro key roop mein sahyog curr rahey hain, ney sanyukt raajya america mein mool pradarshan abhyaas koo punarjeevit karna shuru curr diyaa, haal hii mein metropolitan opera, saanta phey opera aur opera philadelphia mein "lucia dee lammermoor" prastutiyon mein pradarshit kiya gayaa.
lokpriya soprano aur bansuri yugal cadenza kii rachana 1888 mein mathilde marchesi dwara unaki chhaatr nelly melba key bhoomika key pradarshan key liye kii gaee thee, jisamen nae jodd key liye duss saptah key rehearsal kii aavashyakta thee aur opera mein ack mahatvapurna punarmulyankan aur naee ruchi kaa uday huaa thaa.
aarya aur sangeet kii soochi.
boninge key sanskaran kaa soochkaank nimnalikhit sankhyaon koo soochibaddh kartaa haye.
<kavita>
1. "prastaavana"
"adhiniyam 1"
2. "percourate leey spiyagi visine"
3. "tuu tou tuu hii haye!"
4. "kruda, funesta smania" (enrico)
5. "laa peeted inn suo favour" (enrico)
6. "ack dinn pahale!"(lucia)
7. "regnawa nell silenzio" (lucia)
8. "estasi mein quando rapito" (lucia)
9. "agley 'swanza" (alissa, adgardo, lucia)
10. "sulla tomba chey rinsera" (adgardo, lucia)
11. "hamesha key liye kyaa karein... aaha! verrano aeye tey sul 'aurey "(adgardo, lucia)
</kavita>
<kavita>
"adhiniyam 2"
12. "lucia, fra poko aeye verra"
13. "apresaati, lucia"
14. "aggar aap ise pasand karate hain tou achchha hoga."
15. "sofriva nell piyanto"
16. "achchha lagaa"
17. "seey parampara tum potrai"
18. "kyaa? - dee tuaa speranza "
19. "aaha! seddy, seddy "(raimondo)
20. "all bayne dey tuoi kwal vittima" (raimondo)
21. "prati vyakti"
22. "kyaa aap jaanate hain?"
23. "chee mee frena inn taal momento" (sextate)
24. "taut 'alontana cygurato"
</kavita>
<kavita>
"adhiniyam 3"
25. "" "ack nayaa" ""
26. "" "kyaa ack poorvavarti" ""
27. "" "humm loga"
28. "aaha! kwell samagri koo bund karein "
29. "oh! achchha manoranjan!"
30. "oh, tum loga!... ill dolsey suono (lucia, "pagal drishya")
31. "oh! george ill jabardast kalpana "
32. "aiss 'awanza enrico"
33. "" "amaro pyanto" ""
34. "see tragga ultrove"
35. "tombay deagly avy meei" (adgardo)
36. "mujhe achchha lagey"
37. "oh meshina!"
38. "tum ack dio spiegasty ll 'allie" (adgardo)
</kavita>
"lucie dee lammermoor" (francisi sanskaran).
peris mein "lucia dee lammermoor" key utpaadan key baad, peris mein thetre dee laa renesaan key liye ack francisi sanskaran shuru kiya gayaa thaa. donizetti usa samay vahaan reh rhaa thaa, apane francisi sanskaran mein "poliyot" key sanshodhan kii taiyari curr rhaa thaa (joe "less shahidon" bunn gayaa). "luci" 6 agast 1839 koo khola gayaa aur iss sanskaran ney poore france mein vyaapak roop seey daura kiya. alphons royer aur gustaav ways dwara likhit libretto, kewal ack anuvaad naheen haye, kyonki donizetti ney kuchh drishyon aur paatron koo badal diyaa haye. adhik ullekhaniya parivartanon mein seey ack lucia kii daasi aur vishvaspatra alissa kaa gayab honah haye. yeh francisi sanskaran koo lucia koo alag karane kii anumati detaa haye, iss prakaar kahani key bhaavnaatmak prabhaav koo badhaata haye. isake alawa, lucia raimondo kaa adhikansh samarthan khou detee haye; usaki bhoomika naatakiya roop seey cumm hoe jaati haye jabaki arturo kii bhoomika badh jaati haye. donizetti ney ack nayaa charitra, gilbert bhee jodaa, joe italvi sanskaran mein shikari parr adharit haye. haalaanki, gilbert ack adhik vikasit vyakti haye joe adgardo aur enrico donon kii seva kartaa haye, paise key liye apane rahasyon koo dusare koo bataata haye.
francisi sanskaran kaa pradarshan italvi kii tulanaa mein bahut cumm kiya jaataa haye, lekin ise 2002 mein opera national dee leone mein natali desse aur roberto alagna dwara bahut prashansa key liye punarjeevit kiya gayaa thaa. ise boston geet opera aur glimmerglass opera dwara saha-nirmit kiya gayaa thaa. saaraa coburn ney 2005 mein iss francisi sanskaran mein apani pahali "lucia" key roop mein sheershak bhoomika gaaee. 2008 mein "luci" koo sinsinati opera dwara nirmit kiya gayaa thaa aur phir seey sheershak bhoomika mein coburn thaa.
recording.
"lucia" koo bees seey adhik vaanijyik studio recording aur darjanon aur live pradarshan praapt hue hain. inmein seey dou francisi sanskaran aur ack mool italvi sanskaran kaa angreji mein anuvaad kiya gayaa haye. sabse pahali poori recording 1929 mein laurenzo molajoli dwara laa scala orchestra aur corus kaa sanchaalan karane key saath kii gaee thee aur sheershak bhoomika mein mercedez capsir thaa. sheershak bhoomika mein maria kalas key saath kaee recording hain, jinamen tullio serafin (1953 aur 1959) dwara sanchaalit dou studio sanskaran aur herbert wonn karajan (1954 aur 1955) dwara sanchaalit dou live sanskaran shamil hain. johnn syu, joe vishesh roop seey lucia key roop mein pradarshan key liye jaane jaate they, koo kaee baar bhoomika mein darj kiya gayaa haye, jisamen adgardo key roop mein luciano pavrotti key saath richard boninge dwara aayojit 1971 key dekka record recording bhee shamil haye. 2002 mein, chandos record ney david pairi conducting aur elizabeth futral key roop mein lucia key saath angreji sanskaran jaari kiya. kaee video recording bhee jaari kii gaee hain, jinamen seey ack french mein haye. charles mackeras donizetti key autograph score parr laut aae aur score kaa ack nayaa sanskaran taiyar kiya. vaha mool pramukh sanrachana mein laut aaya aur pagal drishya kaafee alag haye. unhone 1997 mein soney key liye iss sanskaran koo record kiya. ack aur ullekhaniya recording adgardo kii bhoomika mein joseph kailja aur ludovic tazier key saath dianna damrau kii haye.
sandarbh.
notes
uddhrit srot
anya srot

