flore slip pratirodh pareekshan

farsh purchy pratirodh pareekshan farsh kii satahon key gharshan (yaa purchy durghatanaon key pratirodh) key gunank koo maapane kaa vigyaan haye, yaa tou prayogshala mein (sthaapana seey pahale yaa baad mein) yaa sthaan mein farsh parr. purchy pratirodh pareekshan (yaa farsh gharshan pareekshan) aamtaur parr imarat key malik yaa prabandhak dwara vaanchhit hotaa haye jaba purchy aur girane kii durghatana kii report hoti haye, jaba nikat durghatana kii report hoti haye, yaa (adhimaantah) farsh sthaapit honey seey pahale sampatti parr. farsh kaa pareekshan ack tribometer (flore slip resistance tester) kaa upayog karke kiya jaataa haye taaki yeh pataa lagaaya jaa sakey kii kyaa usa parr purchy aur girane kii durghatanaon key liye uchch pravritti haye, yaa tou sookhi aur/yaa (aksar) jaba paani seey geeli hoti haye yaa anya dooshit padarthon jaise kii rasoi kaa tail, hydrolic tail, aadi key saath chiknai hoti haye. gharshan key sthir (sthir) aur gatishil (gati mein) gunank donon koo maapane key liye duniya bhar mein kaee flore slip pratirodh pareekshan tribometer aur prayogshala upkaranon kaa utpaadan kiya gayaa haye, lekin vartamaan mein kewal kuchh hii aise hain joe upayogi suraksha parinam praapt karane key liye vishvasaniya saabit hue hain aur jinake paas vartamaan aadhikarik pareekshan vidhiyaan hain. gharshan (scoff) pareekshan kaa sthir gunank hamesha geeli sthiti mein suraksha kaa aaklan karane key liye avishvasaniya rhaa haye, isaliye koee bhee vishvasaniya purchy pratirodh pareekshan kissy aise vyakti key liye upalabdh purchy pratirodh koo maap rhaa hoga joe farsh parr (gatishil) chala rhaa haye, aur isaliye gharshan (dee. see. oh. aff.) key gatishil gunank kaa aaklan karega. yadi kissy upkaran mein koee aadhikarik prakaashit pareekshan vidhi naheen haye, yaa ack vaapas lii gaee (yaa aitihaasik) pareekshan vidhi haye, tou upkaran key saath ack samasya haye, joe aksar kharaab sateekta hoti haye.
ack farsh key purchy pratirodh kaa aaklan karane key liye, ack vishvasaniya, poori tarah seey shodhit (prayogshala adhyayanon mein) farsh gharshan pareekshan vidhi kaa upayog kiya jaanaa chaahiye, aur phir ack nyuntam suraksha mandand (0.02,0.60,36, aadi).) parinamon parr lagu karane key liye aavashyak haye. pratyek alag-alag purchy pareekshan upkaran kaa apana suraksha mandand hoga. yadi upayog mein paani yaa tail key saath farsh key snehan kii sambhavana haye, tou inn apekshit sthitiyon mein ise anty-slip honey kii aavashyakta haye. farsh purchy pratirodh pareekshan sookhe, paani key saath geele, yaa tail aur anya dooshit padarthon key saath chiknai kiya jaa sakata haye. dry slip pratirodh geeli purchy pratirodh kaa ack sanketak naheen haye-vaastav mein donon aksar vipareet roop seey bhinn hotey hain-isaliye vishvasaniya geeli purchy pratirodh pareekshan kii aavashyakta hoti haye aur saath hii vishvasaniya shushk pareekshan kii bhee aavashyakta hoti haye.
pareekshan vidhiyaan aur suraksha mandand.
pendulam purchy pratirodh pareekshak.
 aeye. aiss. tii. aim. ee. 303-22 (sanyukt raajya), bee. aiss. aine. 16165:2021, bee. aiss. aine. 13036-4:2011 (sanyukt raajya aur kaee anya europeeya rashtra), key roop mein 4663:2013-"maujooda paidal yaatriyon kii satahon kaa purchy pratirodh", aur 4586:2013 key roop mein-"naee paidal yaatriyon kii satah samagri kaa purchy pratirodh vargeekaran" (australia/newzealand) purchy pratirodh pareekshan maanak pendulam tester koo paribhaashit karate hain joe abb paanch mahadweepon parr cumm seey cumm 50 deshon mein paidal chalane vaalon key purchy pratirodh key liye ack rashtriya maanak haye aur 2001 seey america key syremic tyle sansthaan dwara iska samarthan kiya gayaa haye. yeh duniya bhar mein sabse vyaapak roop seey upayog kii jaane vaali paidal yatri purchy pratirodh pareekshan vidhi haye. isane prakaashit adhyayanon mein aeye. aiss. tii. aim. aff. 2508 koo paarit kiya haye (aff. 2508 parr adhik jaankaari key liye vaale khand dekhein). pendulam rubber key ack maankeekrit tukade (chaar rubber, jise slider 96 yaa "maanak jootaa soul simulating" rubber key roop mein bhee jaanaa jaataa haye) kaa upayog kartaa haye, jise pendulam phut parr lagey 123-125 mimi key liye farsh key namoone mein yatra karane key liye sett kiya jaataa haye. jaba pendulam kii bhuja poori tarah seey farsh seey chookane key liye sett kii jaati haye, tou bhuja jahaan seey shuru hui thee, vahaan seey samanantar roop seey oopar kii or ghoomati haye, aur soochak (rubber slider koo pakade hue bhuja dwara laaya gayaa) shoonya padhata haye. fislan vaalaa farsh shoonya key karib reeding paida kartaa haye, aur farsh joe fislan key liye uchch pratirodh dikhaata haye, vaha shoonya seey adhik sankhya (jaise kii 36 aur usase oopar) seey aage parinam detaa haye joe upayukt purchy pratirodhi farsh kaa sanket detaa haye.
1971 seey united kingdam mein pendulam yaa british pendulam key aadhar parr achchi tarah seey sthaapit purchy pratirodh maanak they, jaisa kii ise kabhi-kabhi kahaa jaataa haye. yeh pareekshan yuu dwara paidal chalane vaalon key karshan key liye vikasit kiya gayaa thaa.aiss. 1940 key dashak mein rashtriya maanak beuro aur britten mein aur parishkrit. ise 1971 mein paidal chalane vaalon key karshan key liye maanya kiya gayaa thaa, saath hii saath isake suraksha manakon key saath, yuke mein 25 varshon kii avadhi mein 3500 vaastavik-vishva saarvajanik chalane key kshetra parikshanon aur site durghatana record dwara. pareekshan ack aeye. aiss. tii. aim. maanak (aeye. aiss. tii. aim. ee. 303-22) haye, jise 2022 mein farsh key liye pareekshan key saath-saath sadakon key liye skid pratirodh pareekshan kaa varnan karane key liye adyatan kiya gayaa thaa. ack star key farsh key liye samanya suraksha maanak 36 kaa nyuntam pendulam pareekshan moolya (pee. tii. vee.) haye. pendulam bhee tikaau purchy pratirodh pareekshan vidhi mein upayog kiya jaane vaalaa upkaran haye, joe ack sambhaavit farsh key purchy pratirodh parr upayog key varshon key sambhaavit prabhaav koo maapata haye. pendulam kaa upayog yuu mein kiya gayaa haye.aiss. aur anya sthaanon parr havaai adde key runway aur basketball court kii fislan koo nirdhaarit karane key liye anya astm manakon key saath, lekin anya upayog mein aasaan meters key saath behad durlabh haye.
manakon australia aich. bee. 197:1999 key saath-saath manakon australia aich. bee. 198:2014 mein kaee alag-alag sthitiyon key liye nyuntam geele pendulam pareekshan purchy pratirodh moolyon kii vistrit sifaarishen/dishanirdesh diye gaye hain.jee. baahari ramp, 54; baahari paidal maarg aur paidal yatri crossing, 45; shopping center food court, 35; aur baahari pravesh star seey oopar lift lobby 25 yaa usase cumm hoe sakate hain. naram rubber slider (tii. aar. ell. rubber, jise slider 55 key roop mein bhee jaanaa jaataa haye) key saath pendulam parikshanon key aadhar parr nange pair kshetra kii sifaarishen bhee hain. australiyai sifaarishen vartamaan mein paidal chalane vaalon key geele purchy pratirodh key liye duniya key sabse vistrit maanak hain. 2022 mein astm ee 303-93 key halia update aur 2021 mein europeeya (aur united kingdam key) pendulam pareekshan maanak bss aine 16165 key saath, duniya key pendulam pareekshan vidhiyaan unake tarikon aur sateekta mein bahut samaan hain, jiska arth haye kii humm duniya bhar key dashakon key shodh seey vikasit suraksha maandandon (prishth key neeche link dekhein) kaa upayog curr sakate hain.
aeye. aiss. aim. 925 purchy pareekshak.
sabse portable dee. see. oh. aff. purchy pratirodh pareekshak. aeye. aiss. aim. 925 dee. see. oh. aff. meater ack vikaasheel tribometer yaa slip meater key hamaare darshan kaa anusaran kartaa haye. yeh anya dee. see. oh. aff. upkaranon kii tulanaa mein chhota, halka aur upayog karane mein aasaan haye.
rashtriya tala suraksha sansthaan key madhyam seey antar prayogshala adhyayan paarit hoe gayaa haye aur gharshan pareekshan key gatishil gunank key liye ack aine. aff. aiss. aaee. anumodit upkaran key roop mein soochibaddh hain. 925 aine. aff. aiss. aaee. b101.3 manakon key saath-saath ack samkaksh upkaran key roop mein aine. aiss. aaee. a326.3 maanak kaa pareekshan kartaa haye. 
meater jahaajon koo ack poorna kitt key roop mein shuru karane kii aavashyakta haye jisamen ack haard shale roller leey jaane vaalaa mamla bhee shamil haye.meater dee. see. oh. aff. key liye udyog manakon key liye pareekshan kartaa haye aur upkaran kaa upayog karke vibhinn operators key beach charr koo cumm karane yaa hataane key liye design kiya gayaa haye.
vaale purchy pareekshak.
 america kaa ancy a326.3 pareekshan maanak vaale digital tribometer key upayog key liye haye, joe pendulam kii tulanaa mein cumm gati seey gatishil gharshan koo maapata haye. yeh pareekshak sampatti key maalikon aur anya logon key liye ack moolyavaan upkaran hoe sakata haye jinhen una karmiyon dwara twarit dee. see. oh. aff. maap kii aavashyakta hoti haye jinake paas farsh purchy pratirodh pareekshan mein bahut cumm yaa koee prashikshan naheen haye, lekin iska upayog kabhi bhee yeh aaklan karane key liye naheen kiya jaanaa chaahiye kii kyaa farsh una kshetron mein upayog key liye upayukt haye joe upayog mein geele honey kii sambhavana haye. navintam pareekshan vidhi, aine. aiss. aaee. a326.3, spasht roop seey bataati haye kii pareekshan vidhi key ack prishth mein jahaan yeh kahata haye kii vaale "satahon kii upayogi tulanaa pradaan curr sakata haye, lekin iss sambhavana kaa anuman naheen lagaata haye kii ack vyakti kathor satah samagri parr fisal jaayega yaa naheen.yeh upkaran uchch tapman, dhalaan, seedhiyon, banaavat vaale coatings aur ghumaavdaar bathtub mein doshpurna aur avishvasaniya hoe sakata haye. 
haalaanki yeh pareekshan vidhi shithil roop seey usa shodh parr adharit haye joe pahale seey sakriya ancy b101.3 pareekshan vidhi kaa upayog karke kiya gayaa thaa, ancy a326.3 pareekshan vidhi spasht roop seey maanav karshan parikshanon yaa purchy jokhim key kissy bhee nyaaysangat star key sahsambandh parr adharit naheen haye. yeh vaale kaa upayog karke ack paas/fail pareekshan vidhi haye, jahaan upayog mein aaney vaale kissy bhee star key indor farsh mein upayog key liye sweekarya honey key liye 0.02 yaa usase adhik kaa nyuntam dee. see. oh. aff honah chaahiye. 
ancy a137.1 purchy pratirodh pareekshan vidhi ancy a326.3 seey pahale thee aur anivarya roop seey ack hii pareekshan vidhi thee. 2021 mein, aine. aiss. aaee. a326.3 koo nange pair key kshetron, jhuke hue farsh aur baahari farsh key liye atirikt nyuntam dee. see. oh. aff. moolya dene key liye adyatan kiya gayaa thaa, lekin pareekshan vidhi key anusaar kaee anya karakon parr vichaar kiya jaanaa chaahiye, aur pareekshan vidhi key bheetar asweekriti spasht roop seey bataati haye kii nyuntam dee. see. oh. aff. sankhya dee gaee haye joe nyuntam milane parr ack manjil koo "surakshit" naheen maanaa jaayega. pareekshan vidhi key navintam sanskaran mein jode gaye kaee asweekaranon mein seey ack mein kahaa gayaa haye kii "maapa gayaa dee. see. oh. aff. moolya kissy vishesh anuprayog key liye ack kathor satah kii farsh samagri kii upayuktata nirdhaarit karane mein ekmatra kaarak naheen hoga.iska matlab haye kii a326.3 kaa upayog vaastavik duniya key purchy jokhim kaa aaklan karane key liye naheen kiya jaanaa chaahiye, balki pahanane, rakharkhaav prathaon aur anya karakon key kaaran purchy pratirodh mein parivartan kaa aaklan karane key liye ack upayogi pareekshan vidhi haye.
vaale ney 2013 mein prakaashit astm aff 2508-13 maanak koo paarit kiya haye jise "sandarbh satahon kaa upayog karke walkway tribometer key satyapan, anshankan aur pramanan key liye maanak abhyaas" kahaa jaataa haye. halanki yeh pareekshan ack tribometer key paas honey key liye aavashyak haye, lekin yeh chalane kii satah kii maanav karshan kshamata key sanket key roop mein ack tribometer koo maanya karane mein paryaapt naheen haye. yeh avishvasaniya rhaa haye kyonki nirmaata upkaran koo badalata haye aur software koo update kartaa haye. aeye. aiss. tii. aim. aff. 2508 pareekshan aksar una logon dwara aayojit aur vyakhya kii jaati haye joe pareekshan utteern karane key baad apane tribometer mein nihit ruchi rakhate hain. dusare shabdon mein, iss pareekshan koo paas karane vaale ack tribometer koo yeh taya karane mein poori tarah seey nirbhar naheen honah chaahiye kii ack nishchit tribometer bharosemand haye yaa naheen. ack vishvasaniya tribometer pratyek pareekshan maanak-prakaashan agency, jaise kii astm, ansi, australia maanak aur british manakon dwara aavashyak ack uchit sateek bayaan prastut karane mein bhee saksham hoga. antarrashtriya star parr sweekrit anumodan key saath ack tribometer maanav karshan (neeche dekhein) yaa pendulam dcoff tester key charr-konn ramp parikshanon key saath achchi tarah seey sahsambaddh paaya jaayega, ack aadhikarik aur/yaa achchi tarah seey shodhit pareekshan vidhi hogi, aur ack uchit parishuddhata kathan pradaan karane mein saksham hoga. angreji xl, brungreber maark II, aur maark IIib (neeche adhik charcha kii gaee) iss mandand mein fitt naheen hotey hain kyonki way una upkaranon key liye uchit sateek bayaan pradaan naheen curr sakate hain, joe aamtaur parr purnakaalik visheshagya gavaahon dwara upayog kiye jaate hain, mukhya roop seey sanyukt raajya america mein. inn upkaranon koo yaa tou "uchit sateek vivaran pradaan karane mein viphalata" key kaaran apane astm pareekshan vidhiyon koo vaapas leey liya gayaa haye, yaa way antar-prayogshala adhyayanon mein sateekta kii kamee key kaaran kabhi bhee prakaashit astm maanak praapt karane mein saksham naheen hue hain.
charr-konn ramp.
parivartaniya-konn ramp paidal chalane vaalon key purchy pratirodh moolyon koo praapt karane key liye ack german-vikasit vidhi haye. farsh key namoonon koo ramp pareekshak parr kshaitij roop seey lagaaya jaataa haye aur suraksha boot yaa nange pair pahane ack operator operator koo ghayal honey seey rokane key liye ack harness pahanate hue namoone key oopar aur neeche ack maankeekrit chalane kaa pradarshan kartaa haye. namuna dheere-dheere jhukaa huaa haye jaba taka kii sanchaalak satah parr fisal naa jaae. jiss konn parr vishay fisalata haye, usey phir darj kiya jaataa haye. dou prachaalak iss pareekshan koo teen baar dohrate hain aur phir ausat kii ganana kii jaati haye. iss pareekshan vidhi kii punaravritti koo vyaapak roop seey pralekhit kiya gayaa thaa. pareekshan sookhe, sabun key paani aur nange pairon seey geele, tail seey geele aadi kiye jaa sakate hain.
germany aur australia mein vishisht sthitiyon-swimming pool deck, vaanijyik rasoi, shauchalaya aadi key liye 150 seey adhik suraksha maandandon koo apanaaya gayaa haye. charr-konn ramp parr adharit, lekin ramp swayam aasaani seey portable naheen haye, isaliye yeh upkaran kewal prayogshala pareekshan key liye haye aur isaliye isaki upayogita mein kaafee seemit haye. dusare shabdon mein, aap apane farsh key hisse koo oopar kiye binaa aur ise ramp pareekshak mein daale binaa iss vidhi kaa upayog karke apani vishisht farsh tailon kaa pareekshan naheen curr sakate hain. haalaanki, choonki yeh vaastavik maanav gherabandi koo maap rhaa haye, isaliye ise kaee logon dwara astitva mein sabse yathaarthvaadi pareekshan vidhi maanaa jaataa haye, aur pendulam aur dragg-slade meater parikshanon key parinamon kii tulanaa kabhi-kabhi charr-konn ramp parikshanon key parinamon seey kii jaati haye taaki yeh dekhaa jaa sakey kii kyaa parinamon kaa ack majboot sahsambandh haye. ramp pareekshan parinamon key saath ack achchha sahsambandh ack purchy pratirodh pareekshan upkaran koo adhik vyaapak roop seey upayog aur sweekaar karane mein madad curr sakata haye.
slipplert slip tester.
slipplert ack machis-petty kaar jaisa tribometer haye jise pendulam key reeding kii nakal karane key liye design kiya gayaa haye. united kingdam mein nirmit, iska upayog kshetra pareekshan key liye kiya jaataa haye, lekin prayogshala setting mein iska upayog seemit haye kyonki pareekshan karane key liye farsh kii lambi lambai kii aavashyakta hoti haye. choonki yeh ack swaamitva vaalaa upkaran haye, isaliye isaki koee aadhikarik americi maanak pareekshan vidhi naheen haye, lekin iska sanyukt raajya mein bee. aiss. 8204-6:2008 mein ack aadhikarik pareekshan maanak haye.
slipplert "kaar" key neeche ack rubber slider hotaa haye, joe ack nishchit ramp seey neeche chalane key baad farsh key paar fisal jaataa haye. yadi slipplert chhota hoe jaataa haye, tou farsh fislan pratirodhi hotaa haye, lekin yadi yeh lambi doori taka fisalata haye tou farsh koo fislan vaalaa maanaa jaataa haye. upkaran parr ack digital readout haye joe farsh parr slipplert dwara taya kii gaee adhikatam doori koo record kartaa haye, aur ack suraksha mandand graph joe parinamon kii vyakhya kartaa haye. pareekshan sookhe aur geele kiye jaa sakate hain, aur yuu dwara vyaapak shodh kiya jaa sakata haye.key. aur australiyai sarkari agencies ney inn seetu pareekshan key liye iss pareekshan upkaran key kaee samarthan kiye hain.
torts digital tribometer.
torts digital tribometer slip pratirodh pareekshan vidhi ack swaamitva yaa patent upkaran parr adharit haye, joe ise ack astm maanak banane key liye ayogya banaata haye. yeh yuu mein utpaadit hotaa haye.key.aur yeh purchy pratirodh pareekshak upkaranon kii ack shreni mein haye jise "dragg-slade meater" key roop mein jaanaa jaataa haye, jiska arth haye kii yeh farsh parr maankeekrit rubber key ack tukade key saath nirantar gati seey apani shakti key tahat farsh key paar yatra kartaa haye. rubber key iss tukade dwara banaae gaye gharshan kii matra koo darj kiya jaataa haye kyonki ise farsh (sookhe yaa geele) key paar kheencha jaataa haye aur machine dwara ganana kii jaati haye kyonki yeh ack poorv nirdhaarit path kii lambai kii yatra kartaa haye. gharshan (dee. see. oh. aff.) key gatishil gunank kii ausat sankhya kii ganana machine dwara farsh parr chalane key baad kii jaati haye. ise "dcoff" key roop mein darj kiya jaataa haye, yaa farsh parr maankeekrit rubber koo kheenchane key liye aavashyak gharshan kii matra (gatishil arth "gati mein"). uchch sankhyaaen (ee.jee. 0. 50 seey oopar) ingit kartaa haye kii machine key liye farsh parr rubber koo kheenchana mushkil haye kyonki yeh anty-slip haye, aur cumm sankhya (ee.jee. 0. 50 seey neeche) kaa matlab haye kii rubber aasaani seey farsh parr fisal jaataa haye aur isaliye fislan bharaa hotaa haye.
torts abb navintam australiyai purchy pareekshan maanak mein shushk purchy pratirodh kaa aaklan karane key liye praathamik upkaran haye-4586-2013 key roop mein. ise 2001 seey syremic tyle institute off america (ctioa) dwara maadhyamik maanak key roop mein bhee samarthan diyaa gayaa haye, jisamen pendulam praathamik maanak haye. pendulam kii tulanaa mein torts kaa laabh yeh haye kii yeh kathor aur naram donon rabaron kaa upayog karke cumm samay mein, sookhe aur geele, kaee purchy pareekshan curr sakata haye. prachaalak key liye pareekshan key parinamon koo prabhaavit karna bhee mushkil haye (kuchh tribometers key vipareet) kyonki ack electronic button dabaaya jaataa haye aur phir prachaalak seey aage kii kissy bhee madad key binaa pareekshan chalaaya jaataa haye. yeh ise ack vishvasaniya forensic vigyaan upkaran banaata haye. ctoa ney torts slip pratirodh pareekshan vidhi kaa upayog karke 0.50 key star key farsh key liye gharshan key nyuntam gatishil gunank kaa samarthan kiya haye.
manakon koo vaapas leey liya gayaa aur avishvasaniya pareekshan vidhiyaan.
aeye. aiss. tii. aim. see. 1028-07-gharshan pareekshan kaa sthir gunank.
suraksha mandand poori tarah seey gharshan (scoff) key sthir gunank parr adharit haye, joe aksar yuu mein upayog kiya jaataa haye.aiss. ateet mein suraksha kaa aaklan karane key liye, aksar bhraamak hotey hain jahaan farsh geela hoe jaataa haye yaa anyatha upayog mein chikna hoe jaataa haye. yahee kaaran haye kii 2014 mein aeye. aiss. tii. aim. है। pareekshan vidhi koo aadhikarik taur parr binaa kissy pratisthaapan key vaapas leey liya gayaa thaa. sanyukt raajya america mein, vastukar aur designer aam taur parr aeye. aiss. tii. aim. vidhi है। dwara 0.60 yaa usase adhik key gharshan key geele sthir gunank kii talash karate hain taaki satah key geele kshetron key liye sambhaavit suraksha kaa aaklan kiya jaa sakey. yeh bhraamak parinam dey sakata haye, kuchh farsh key namoonon parr "surakshit" rating lagu curr sakata haye joe vaastav mein geele honey parr bahut fislan vaale hotey hain. iss vidhi koo abb aeye. aiss. tii. aim., syremic tyle institute off america aur uttar america kii tyle parishad dwara purchy suraksha kaa aaklan karane key liye aparyaapt maanaa jaataa haye.
है। pareekshan kii aparyaptataon parr adhik jaankaari key liye iss prishth key neeche "baahari link" dekhein. shabdprayog seey peedit honah aur yeh tathya kii liya gayaa maap iss baat kaa ack upaay haye kii jaba koee usa parr khadaa hotaa haye tou satah kitni fislan bharee hoti haye (joe satah parr chalane vaale vyakti key liye purchy pratirodh koo maapane key liye aprasangik haye-jahaan lagbhag harr durghatana hoti haye), see 1028-07, james machine, aur aeye. aiss. aim. 725/825 aeye jaisi vidhiyon kaa upayog geele farsh key gharshan kaa aaklan karane mein naheen kiya jaanaa chaahiye aur geele farsh key gharshan suraksha key vishvasaniya aaklan key liye iss parr bharosa naheen kiya jaanaa chaahiye. inn sthir pareekshan vidhiyon kaa upayog samay key saath purchy kshamata mein parivartanon kii nigrani key liye kiya jaa sakata haye, lekin farsh key purchy pratirodh koo nirdhaarit karane key liye vishvasaniya pareekshan naheen hain. udaaharan key liye, yeh sunishchit karane key liye kii nae mome key saath scoff naatakiya roop seey naheen badala haye, ack farsh parr mome kaa ack taaja coat lagaane seey pahale aur baad mein sthir pareekshan kiye jaa sakate hain, yaa yeh sunishchit karane key liye kii ack vyaavsaayik dinn key dauran vibhinn samay parr reeding lii jaa sakati haye kii gandagi aur dhool poore dinn farsh kii slip kii sthiti koo badatar naheen banaa rahee haye. sookhe scaff mein parivartanon kii nigrani karna ack upayogi abhyaas hoe sakata haye. haalaanki, yeh nirdhaarit karane key liye kabhi bhee scoff pareekshan kaa upayog naheen kiya jaanaa chaahiye kii geele honey parr farsh fislan bharaa haye yaa naheen. yuu.aiss. vyaavsaayik suraksha aur swaasthya prashaasan (osha) ney kaaryasthal key vatavaran key liye 0.50 key scoff kii sifarish kii haye, lekin aksar 0.60 yaa usase adhik kii rating vaale farsh (maanaa jaataa haye kii 0.50 farsh seey bhee adhik purchy pratirodhi) vishvasaniya pareekshan upkaranon (aur kaee purchy aur girane kii durghatana peediton) dwara iss purani pareekshan vidhi kaa upayog karate samay bahut, bahut fislan saabit hotey hain. iss astm pareekshan maanak kii avadhi samaapt hoe gaee haye, aur ise navinikrit karane kii koee yojana naheen haye kyonki isase kissy bhee cheez seey adhik bhram paida huaa haye.
angreji xl (witt), brungreber maark aaee, brungreber maark II (piest), aur brungreber maark IIib.
poorv astm kii brungreber maark II (jise portable enclinable articulated strut tribometer yaa piest key roop mein bhee jaanaa jaataa haye) upkaran key liye pareekshan vidhi thee, aur poorv astm aur pareekshan vidhi angreji xl charr ghatana tribometer (witt) key liye likhi gaee thee. prakaashit honey key turant baad, aeye. aiss. tii. aim. ney 2006 mein inn manakon koo vaapas leey liya, binaa kissy pratisthaapan key. astm aur key sambandh mein, astm nimnalikhit 'vaapas liya gayaa tark' pradaan kartaa haih "pahale paidal yatri/paidal maarg suraksha aur joote parr samiti samiti key adhikaar kshetra key tahat, iss pareekshan vidhi koo 30 sitambar, 2006 koo manakon kii samiti (coss) kii kaarravaai dwara ack sakriya astm maanak key roop mein vaapas leey liya gayaa thaa, kyonki ack anumodit parishuddhata bayaan (astm manakon key liye form aur shally kii dhaara aeye21 kaa ullanghan) koo shamil karane mein viphalata key liye, aur swaamitva upkaran key sandarbh koo shamil karane key liye jahaan vikalp maujood hain (astm takniki samitiyon koo niyantrit karane vaale niyamon kii dhaara 15 kaa ullanghan)."astm kii key liye nimnalikhit, samaan 'vaapas liye gaye tark' pradaan kartaa haih" "pahale paidal yatri/paidal maarg suraksha aur joote parr samiti samiti key adhikaar kshetra key tahat, iss pareekshan vidhi koo 30 sitambar, 2006 koo manakon kii samiti (coss) kii kaarravaai dwara ack sakriya astm maanak key roop mein vaapas leey liya gayaa thaa, kyonki ack anumodit parishuddhata bayaan (astm manakon key liye form aur shally kii dhaara aeye21 kaa ullanghan) koo shamil karane mein viphalata key liye, aur swaamitva upkaran key sandarbh koo shamil karane key liye jahaan vikalp maujood hain (astm takniki samitiyon koo niyantrit karane vaale niyamon kii dhaara 15 kaa ullanghan)."inn dou upkaranon kaa upayog karate hue, vibhinn pareekshan prayogshalaon koo antar-prayogshala adhyayanon mein samaan tailon parr bahut alag jawab mille, jiska arth haye kii yeye pareekshan vidhiyaan (yaa upkaran) avishvasaniya theen aur" "uchit sateek bayaan" "pradaan karane mein asamarth theen. chihn IIib chihn II key samaan haye aur apane poorvavarti key samaan hii kharaab parishuddhata key muddon seey peedit haye. astm website abb dikhaati haye kii kii aur aur "aitihaasik" manakon key roop mein hain, jiska arth haye kii way abb sakriya naheen hain aur unakaa upayog farsh suraksha kaa aaklan karane key liye naheen kiya jaanaa chaahiye.
angreji xl aur brungraber maark iib key upayogkartaon ney haal key varshon mein yeh hawala denaa shuru curr diyaa haye kii unake upkaran abb astm astm koo paarit karane mein saksham hain, yeh daavaa karate hue kii yeh unake upkaran koo slip aur fauls kii jaanch key liye "maanya" banaata haye. lekin jaisa kii pahale ullekh kiya gayaa haye, ack upkaran koo astm astm koo paarit karane mein saksham honah chaahiye, lekin sabhi maanak prakaashan agencies seey aavashyak "uchit parishuddhata vivaran" pradaan karane mein bhee saksham honah chaahiye. inn donon aavashyaktaon koo puuraa karane mein saksham upkaranon koo antarrashtriya sweekriti hogi aur ack yaa adhik deshon mein maanak prakaashit kiye jaayenge. pendulam aur slipplert (abb ellert key roop mein jaanaa jaataa haye) dou upkaran hain jinake paas sakriya maanak hain aur jinhone vaidh purchy pareekshan upkaranon key roop mein antarrashtriya sweekriti praapt kii haye. angreji xl aur brungreber maark iib upkaranon ney kissy bhee desh mein pareekshan maanak prakaashit naheen kiye hain, aur kewal purnakaalik americi "visheshagya" gavaahon key saath bahut lokpriya hain, jinhone paaya haye kii way aasaani seey inn upkaranon mein herfer curr sakate hain taaki koee vishesh vakeel unhein joe bhee jawab dey rhaa haye usey praapt curr sakey. 
aeye. aiss. tii. aim. aff. 462 koo 2016 mein aeye. aiss. tii. aim. dwara vaapas leey liya gayaa thaa, aur snan-tabon key pareekshan key liye brungraber maark aaee key saath upayog key liye thaa. iss kharaab likhit maanak ney junk science kaa upayog karke slipper bathtub key vikretaon koo maanak vaapas lene seey pahale dashakon taka madad kii.
astm नहीं। aur james machine.
astm नहीं। ack sakriya maanak haye jisamen "polish-lepit farsh kii satahon key gharshan key sthir gunank key maapan key liye james machine kaa upayog" shamil haye, lekin "pareekshan vidhi 'geeli' satahon parr upayog key liye naheen haye."isaliye yeh pareekshan polish koo maapane key liye haye (mool roop seey farsh key mome koo maapane key liye) joe farsh key oopar jaate hain, naa kii farsh koo maapane key liye. kaee farsh nirmaata iss tathya koo nazarandaj karna pasand karate hain kyonki pareekshan dharti parr lagbhag kissy bhee manjil koo ack passing grade dega, fislan yaa naheen. नहीं। ack prayogshala pareekshan haye joe ack saaf aur sookhi satah parr kiya jaataa haye, jahaan kabhi koee purchy aur girane kii durghatana naheen hui haye. farsh fislan bharaa honey key liye kissy prakaar kaa dooshit padaarth honah chaahiye. pareekshan vidhi ack sthir pareekshan haye, isaliye yeh maap rhaa haye kii kissy aise vyakti key liye ack farsh kitna fislan bharaa haye joe usa parr sthir (sthir) khadaa haye. isaliye, dukh kii baat haye kii yeh pareekshan vidhi yeh nirdhaarit karati haye kii kyaa ack vyakti key liye ack farsh fislan haye joe ack farsh parr abhee bhee khadaa haye, aur farsh saaf aur sookha haye. iska matlab haye kii yeh pareekshan vidhi bahut sambhavana naheen bataayegi kii prithvi parr koee bhee farsh fislan bharaa haye, joe ise farsh nirmaan companiyon key saath ack lokpriya pareekshan banaata haye joe fislan vaalaa farsh bechane mein madad karane key liye apane grahakon koo bhraamak suraksha detta denaa chaahte hain.
ansi/nfsi b101.1 aur ansi/nfsi b101.3.
inn dou pareekshan vidhiyon koo mool roop seey oopar charcha kiye gaye vaale upkaran key saath upayog key liye ancy dwara prakaashit kiya gayaa thaa. ansi b101.1 gharshan (scoff) pareekshan kaa ack aur sthir gunank thaa, joe geele paidal yatri purchy jokhim kaa aaklan karane key liye maanya haye. yeh abhee bhee ack aitihaasik maanak key roop mein becha jaataa haye, lekin iska upayog kewal purchy jokhim kaa aaklan karane key liye naheen kiya jaanaa chaahiye. isi tarah, 2017 mein, ancy dwara prakaashit honey key paanch saal baad ancy b101.3 koo bhee samaapt honey kii anumati dee gaee thee. inn parikshanon mein upayog kiye jaane vaale vaale upkaran key nirmaata abb inn dou pareekshan vidhiyon key upayog kaa samarthan naheen karate hain.

