
surguja jilaa

surguja jilaa bhaarat key chhattisgarh raajya kaa ack jilaa haye. yeh jilaa chhattisgarh key sabse puraane jilon mein seey ack haye. jile kaa mukhyalaya ambikapur haye. 
yeh jilaa apane naam key surguja bolly kshetra (jahan surgujia bolly jaati haye) mein sthit haye aur praayadveepiya bhaarat key vindhyachal-baghelkhand kshetra key poorv mein sthit haye.
yeh jilaa ack vishal pahaadi kshetra mein faila huaa haye, jahan gond, bhoomij, oraaon, panika, korwa, bhuiya, kharwar, munda, chero, rajwar, nagesia, kaanvar aur santal jaise kaee alag-alag logon key samooh rahate hain.
itihas.
kinvadanti key anusaar, bhagwan raam ney apane 14 varshon key vanvaas key dauran surguja kaa jangal mein daura kiya thaa. ramayan key mahakavya key sambandh mein kaee sthaan hain, jinka naam bhagwan raam, lakshman aur devi seetaa key naam parr rakhaa gayaa haye jaise kii ramgarh, seetaa-bhangda aur lakshmangarh.
mauryon key aagaman seey pahale, iss kshetra parr nandon kaa shasson thaa. eesaa poorv teesari shatabdi mein yeh kshetra chhote raajyon mein vibhajit thaa. 1613 mein, ack rajput raajaa ney palamu seey hamla kiya joe abb jharkhand haye, aur kshetra parr niyantran curr liya. 1753 mein, maraathon ney surguja parr aakraman kiya aur raajaa koo jagirdar banane key liye majboor kiya. 1818 mein teesare aangl-maratha yuddh key baad, angrejon ney surguja, koria aur changbhakar kii teen riyasaton parr niyantran hassil curr liya. 1820 mein, amar sinh koo maharaja key roop mein taaj pahanaaya gayaa thaa. british raaj kaal key dauran, surguja raajya ack riyasat thee.
1951 mein, surguja madhya pradesh key nae raajya kaa hissa bunn gayaa. 2000 mein, yeh nae raajya chhattisgarh key jilon mein seey ack thaa.
bhugol.
yeh 23° 37'25 seey 24° 6'17 uttar akshansh aur 81° 34'40 seey 84° 4'40 poorv deshantar key beach sthit haye. poorv seey paschim taka aur uttar seey dakshin taka chaudi iss bhoomi kaa kshetrafal lagbhag lagbhag haye.
surguja jile key uchch-bhoomi mein vishisht 'putt sanrachanaaen' hain-chhote pathaaron key saath uchch bhoomi. mukhya putt, jarang putt, jonka putt, jamira putt aur lahsunpat jile key pramukh bhaag hain. kshetrafal kii ausat oonchaai oopar haye. kuchh chotiyaan melan, jaam, paaraa gharsa, kanda daara, chutai aur kaaro hain. kaee anya chotiyaan hain. uttar-paschim surguja prakriti mein pahaadi haye, aur paschim kii or badhate hue, teen alag-alag kadam chihnit kiye jaa sakate hainh pahale srinagar seey poorv mein patna aur kharsaavaan key nichale ilaakon taka, doosara vahaan seey sonhat key aspas key uchch bhoomi taka aur teesara sonhat seey parey ack oonchaai seey oopar taka. kendriya surguja ack nimn besin haye jisake madhyam seey rehand aur isaki sahayak nadiyaan bahati hain.
surguja jile kii mitty koo motey taur parr chaar pramukh prakaron mein vargeekrit kiya jaa sakata haih laal aur pealy mitty, jalodh mitty, laterite mitty aur madhyam neeli mitty.
laal aur pealy mitty gondwana pranali kii mool chattanon seey praapt hoti haye, jisamen talchhati chattaanen bhee shamil hain. way varsha key kaaran aisee chattanon key kataav seey banate hain. yeh mitty vishesh roop seey purvi sitapur, dakshin ambikapur, madhya surajpur aur pratappur prakhandon mein paaee jaati haye. laal rung lohe key vyaapak prasaar key kaaran hotaa haye jabaki ferric oxide key jalsanchayan key parinamswarup mitty mein peela rung aataa haye. yeh mitty halki banaavat kii haye aur isaki sanrachana chhidrapurna aur bhangur haye. ghulansheel namak cumm matra mein paaya jaataa haye. choone, kankad aur mukt kankad poori tarah seey anupasthit hain. yeye mitty potash, nitrogen, humous aur carbonate mein kharaab hain aur sthirata, rung, gaharaai aur urvarta mein bahut bhinn hain. oopari bhoomi parr way patale aur bajari, retile, jharjhara aur halke rung key jalodh hotey hain, joe aam taur parr kaheen aur seey leey jaae jaate hain, nadee key kinaaron parr rait aur gaad kii vaikalpik paraton mein purvi ramanujganj, uttar ambikapur aur surajpur mein, nadee key kinare, kandhar aur haddo nadiyon aur unaki pramukh sahayak nadiyon key saath paae jaate hain. mitty kaa rung ack samaan naheen haye lekin peele seey laker bhoore rung taka bhinn hotaa haye. samri aur sitapur tehseel key pathaar kshetron key shikharon parr laterite mitty achchi tarah seey vikasit haye jisamen shankargarh, kusmi, sitapur, batoli aur menpat, jamirpat, lahsunpat aur jonkpat key menpat block shamil hain.
suguja jile mein teen nadee besin hain-hasdev nadee, rihand nadee aur kanhar nadee.
sardiyon mein tapman neeche chalaa jaataa haye aur garmiyon mein yeh oopar kii or badh jaataa haye.
prashaasan.
surguja jilaa 7 tehsilon mein vibhajit haih
krishi.
lagbhag 90 pratishat kamkaji aabaadi krishi parr nirbhar haye, jisamen 50.36% kamkaji aabaadi kheti karati haye aur lagbhag 12.77% kshetra krishi mazdoor hain.
krishi seedhe bhoomi aur jall sansadhanon seey judee hui haye. surguja mein jile key madhya kshetra mein kheti kii gaee bhoomi kii pratishat sandrata poorv seey paschim disha mein faili hui haye. isake uttar aur dakshin mein ekagrata kaa pratishat cumm hoe jaataa haye, kyonki kaee karakon mein seey dou pramukh kaarak hain.
uchch bhoomi aur oonchi bhoomi jyaadaatar chattani banjar bhoomi, banjar mitty, jangal aur jhaadiyan, dhalaan aur vann kshetra seey dhaki hui haye.
adhikansh kshetra mein sinchai key liye paani kii anupalabdhata, chattani tahakhaane key kaaran kuon koo khodane mein anuchit jall nikasi kii kathinaaee, sanchaar key avikasit saadhan, parivahan ney kheti kii bhoomi key vistaar koo pratibandhit curr diyaa haye.
doosari or, kendriya surguja apekshaakrit samtal haye aur upajaau mitty haye, sinchai key liye kuchh paani vibhinn tarikon seey upalabdh haye, aur sanchaar kaa ack saadhan vikasit kiya gayaa haye.
dohare fasal kshetra aam taur parr paani kii aapoorti, praakritik yaa kritrim aur jansankhya key dabaav seey judaa hotaa haye. jahan bhee bhautik sthiti anumati detee haye aur bhoomi parr adhik dabaav padata haye, ack hii khet seey ack varsh mein dou fasalen ugaai jaati hain. parinamswarup, bhoomi sansadhanon key upayog kaa ack vishesh swaroop ubharata haye, joe vartamaan upalabdh sansadhanon aur unake upayog kii seema key aadhar parr niyojan kshetron key seemankan mein madad kartaa haye. nishchit roop seey dohare fasal vaale kshetra key vitaran mein koee ekroopata naheen haye, lekin isake vitaran kaa adhyayan aavashyakta key saath-saath sansadhanon mein bhee upayogi hoga. iss prakaar adhikansh ekagrata dou dhabbon mein paaee jaati haih
sthaaniya sthiti key kaaran kuchh apvaadon key saath, lagbhag poore kendriya maidan kaa moolya madhyam seey apekshaakrit uchch haye. iss bhaag mein garmiyon key dauran adhikansh kshetra binaa kheti key rahata haye. kewal ambiyakpur prakhand mein sinchai suvidhaon key kaaran yahaan dohare fasali kshetra kii kuchh sandrata haye. prati vyakti bhoomi graameen aabaadi mein vriddhi key kaaran ghata rahee haye, jise dohri fasal pranali key tahat adhik seey adhik kheti kii gaee bhoomi koo laakar, sinchai suvidhaon kaa vistaar karke, behtar urvarakon aur behtar sanskriti kaa upayog karke prati ekad utpaadan badhaakar poshit kiya jaa sakata haye.
vibhinn fasalon key liye bhautik sthiti kaa mulyankan unhein vyavasthit karane mein madad kartaa haye taaki iska ishtatam laabh praapt kiya jaa sakey, joe ausat utpaadan key saath unake vitaran key adhyayan key madhyam seey kiya jaa sakata haye. vibhinn fasalon koo pradaan kii gaee bhoomi kaa utpaadan mitty kii bhautik roop seey upayuktata aur paani kii upalabdhata aadi parr nirbhar kartaa haye. yahee naheen, iss sambandh mein sthaaniya aavashyaktaaen bhee mahatvapurna hain. kull bhaugolik kshetra mein seey lagbhag 41.67% kheti key adheen haye.
jansankhyiki.
2011 kii janganana key anusaar surguja jile kii jansankhya 2,359,886 haye, joe lagbhag latvia rashtra yaa nyu maxico key americi raajya key barabar haye. yeh ise bhaarat mein 192vein sthaan parr detaa haye (kull 640 mein seey). jile mein jansankhya ghanatva haye. dashak mein isaki jansankhya vriddhi darr 2001-2011 19.74% thee. surguja mein pratyek 1000 purushon key liye 976 mahilaaon kaa linganupat haye, aur saksharta darr 61.16% haye.
vibhajit surguja jile kii jansankhya 840,352 haye, jinamen seey 136,702 (16.27%) shahari kshetron mein rahate hain. vibhajit jile mein prati 1000 purushon parr 980 mahilaaon kaa linganupat haye. anusoochit jaatiyan aur anusoochit janjaatiyaan kramshah jansankhya kaa% 4.77% aur 57.40 banaati hain.
bhaashaaen.
bhaarat kii 2011 kii janganana key samay, jile kii% aabaadi apani pahali bhasha key roop mein surgujia, 13.2% kurukh, 11.83% hindi, 2.71% bhojpuri, 2.39% sadri, 0.91% chhattisgarhi aur 0.90% odia bolati thee.
khanij.
surguja key khanij pattiyanh
surguja mein boxite key bhandar tritiyak chattanon mein paae gaye hain. aluminium seey bharpur chattanon key kshay aur apakshay key kaaran, aamtaur parr ushnakatibandhiya mansoon kii sthitiyon mein felspar kaolinikrit hotaa haye, apakshay ack kadam aage badhata haye aur isake parinamswarup aluminium key hydroxide seey bharpur avashesh, lohe, manganese aur titanium key oxide key saath aluminium hydroxide key paryaapt sankuchan key saath, boxite key aarthik bhandar utpann hotey hain. boxitization' kii yeh prakriya jise ise kahaa jaataa haye, cumm raahat key sthalaakritik roop seey oonche achchi tarah seey sookhe pathaaron parr achchi tarah seey panpati haye. surguja mein boxite kaa punarpraapt bhandar 57.54 million tunn haye, joe kull raajya bhandar kaa lagbhag 57 pratishat haye.
57.74 million tunn mein seey, 42.21 million tunn saabit shreni key tahat hain, 13.56 million tunn sambhaavit shreni key tahat hain aur shesh 1.76 million tunn sambhaavit shreni key tahat hain. kull bhandar mein seey lagbhag 5 karod 10 laakh tunn dhaatu vigyaan shreni key hain aur 60 laakh tunn key grade vishesh key baare mein pataa naheen haye.
aarthik bhandar purvi aur dakshin purvi surguja key poore putt (pathaar yaa platex koo diyaa gayaa sthaaniya naam) kshetra mein sthit hain, jisamen menpat, samari aur jamirapat shamil hain.
inn kshetron key boxite bhandar dhaatu vigyaan shreni I hain. yeye dou pramukh bhandar samri tehseel aur aspas key pathaaron-jamripat, jaranpat, lahsunpat, jonkpat aur anya chhoti pahaadi chattanon mein kendrit hain.
gondwana mein adhikansh koyla baraakar shrinkhala mein paaya jaataa haye. koyale koo ack thhos stareekrit chattan key roop mein mukhya roop seey hydrocarbon seey banaa haye aur garmi yaa prakaash yaa donon kii aapoorti key liye eendhan key roop mein upayog karane mein saksham haye. surguja key koyla kshetra gondwana koyla kshetron seey sambandhit hain. iss kshetra kaa koyla achchi gunavatta vaale pravaah aur gais koyale kaa haye. surguja key koyla kshetron koo iss prakaar vargeekrit kiya jaa sakata haih
rajneeti.
surguja jilaa surguja (aiss. tii.) loksabha nirvaachan kshetra kaa hissa haye. surguja jile mein vidhansabha kshetra hainh lundra, ambikapur aur sitapur. lundra aur sitapur anusoochit janjaatiyon key liye aarakshit hain.
lundra, ambikapur aur sitapur key vartamaan vidhaayak dow. preetam raam, tii. aiss. sinh deva aur amarjit bhagat, sabhi bhaaratiya rashtriya congress seey hain. surguja key liye saansad bhaaratiya janata party key renuk sinh hain.

