draft (paani)

ack masauda ack chushan pump key sevan key neeche ack paatr yaa paani key nikaay seey paani jaise taral koo sthanantarit karane key liye chushan kaa upayog haye. ack graameen agnishaman vibhaag yaa kisan paani koo kaheen aur leey jaane kii disha mein pahale kadam key roop mein talab seey paani kaa masauda banaa sakata haye. ack chushan pump ack aanshik nirvaat (ack "draft") banaata haye aur paani kii satah parr vayumandaliya dabaav paani koo pump mein majboor kartaa haye, aamtaur parr ack kathor pipe (kabhi-kabhi ack shushk hydrant kahaa jaataa haye) yaa ack ardh-kathor kathor chushan nully key madhyam seey.
maanak vayumandaliya dabaav 101 kPA (14.7 lbf/in2) haye aur yeh kewal paani koo saiddhaantik adhikatam taka badhaa sakata haye. anuprayog key aadhar parr, agnishaman vibhaag key pump paani uthaate hain.
drafting gharshan koo cumm karane aur ack badaa pravaah yaa uchch lift praapt karane key liye, suction nully kaa ack badaa cross-section niyojit kiya jaataa haye. udaaharan key liye, paanch inch (127 mimi) nully kaa upayog karate hue, ack pump joe 500 yuu. aiss. gallen prati minut (30 ell/aiss) oopar uthaa sakata haye, kewal ack nully key madhyam seey utani hii matra mein paani uthaane mein saksham hoga. damkal injanon koo aksar dou yaa teen lambai kii chushan nully leey jaate hue dekhaa jaataa haye, lekin ack nishchit vyaas kii chushan nully aur ack diye gaye pump key liye lift jitna lamba hoga, pravaah utanaa hii cumm hoga. aavashyakta padane parr kaee rille kaa upayog kiya jaa sakata haye, jisamen ack suction pump bahut door taka drafting aur nirvahan kartaa haye.
ack chhoti lift key liye paani kaa masauda taiyar karane key liye ack gurutvaakarshan saiphan kaa upayog karna bhee sambhav haye, aur iss takneek kaa upayog aksar jangal kii aag koo dabaane mein kiya jaataa haye, jahaan 1,000 seey 3,000 yuu. aiss. gallen (5 seey 10 aim. 3) key portable jalashayon koo paani seey bharaa jaataa haye aur chhoti nully kaa upayog talabon kii neeche kii or kiya jaataa haye. nozzle kaa dabaav jalaashay kii satah key neeche kii doori key samanupati hotaa haye. 100 feat kii oonchaai mein parivartan seey lagbhag 43 psi praapt hotaa haye. tank koo paas key jall srot seey nully key madhyam seey yaa pampon yaa helicopters dwara aage seey paani pahunchaane key madhyam seey gurutvaakarshan-poshit kiya jaa sakata haye.

