
penfui kii ladaai

penfui kii ladaai 9 navambar 1749 koo aadhunik kupang key paas penfui kii pahaadi parr hui thee. yuddh key maidan seey poorv key timoriyon key sahyogiyon kii vaapsee key baad ack badee topas senaa koo sankhyaatmak roop seey nimn dutch east india company bull dwara haraaya gayaa thaa, jisake parinamswarup topas netaa gaspar daa costa kii mrityu hoe gaee thee. yuddh key baad, timor parr topas aur purtagaali donon kaa prabhaav cumm hoe gayaa, jisase antatah dutch aur purtagaali timor key beach ack seema kaa nirmaan huaa joe paschim timor aur purvi timor key beach aadhunik seema mein aaa gaee.
prishthabhoomi.
1641 mein dutch key haathon malakka key nuksan key baad, vahaan key purtagaali vahaan seey nishkaasit honey seey pahale taalo key gova-raajya mein chaley gaye, jisase avasheshon koo dutch batavia yaa purtagaali niyantrit timer aur solor dweepsamuh mein jaane key liye majboor honah padaa. iss kshetra mein purtagaali upasthiti 1520 seey shuru hui thee jaba unhone jeevan kii sthaapana kii thee, aur badey paimaane parr topas dwara pratinidhitva kiya gayaa thaa-"kaale purtagaali" jisamen mishrit europeeya-asiai vanshaj, mukt gulam jinhen mardizkar key roop mein jaanaa jaataa haye, aur kuchh sthaaniya isai shamil they. dweep kii rajneeti mein sheershon kaa mahatvapurna prabhaav thaa. 18veen shatabdi kii shuruat mein khule sanghrshon key saath "kaale" aur "safed" purtagaali samudaayon key beach sambandhon mein kabhi-kabhi khatas aaa gaee, kyonki purtagaliyon ney ack rajyapal sthaapit karke pratyaksh shasson lagu karane kaa prayaas kiya. baad mein una sabhi koo hataa diyaa gayaa aur 1748 taka purtagaal seey koee pratyaksh rajyapal naheen thaa.
purtagaali balon ney 1642 mein timor key aantarik bhaag parr aakraman kiya thaa, jisase antardeshiya rajneeti parr unakaa shasson sthaapit huaa thaa. dutch east india company (voc) ney 1613 mein solar mein purtagaali kille parr kabja curr liya aur 1653 mein purtagaliyon koo haraane key baad timor mein khud koo sthaapit kiya. unhone 1655 mein sonbai aur amabi jaisi mool rajneeti key saath gathbandhan kiya, lekin agami sanghrshon mein unhein haar kaa saamana karna padaa. satrahavin aur athaarahavin shatabdi mein rook-rook curr yuddh aur ladaai hui, dutch ney 1746 mein kupang mein apane kille kaa punarnirmaan kiya. iss avadhi key dauran, timor aur aspas key kshetron parr dutch kaa niyantran kaafee hudd taka unake kupang kille aur aspas taka seemit thaa. 1749 kii shuruat mein, sombai key shaasak (jise pahale purtagaali prabhaav mein vaapas curr diyaa gayaa thaa) ney dutch key saath khud koo phir seey jodaa aur kupang key paas apane anuyaayiyon key saath buss gaye, jisase tapas key netaa gaspar daa costa, donon seey ack senaa ikattha karane key liye, topas aur sthaaniya rajneeti donon portugal key saath sanrekhit they.
18 octuber 1749 koo, amabi key shaasak ney dutch koo ack badee senaa key jamaavade kii jaankaari dee. daa costa sombai koo usake prati nishtha kii shapath lene key liye majboor karna chaahata thaa, jisamen kshetra mein purtagaali-gutt shasakon kii sahaayata key saath-saath laurantuca key loga bhee shamil they. daa costa key saath gathbandhan karane vaale shasakon mein seey ack amrasi "raajaa" ney kupang "raajaa" aur dutch koo sangharsh mein tatasth rahane key liye manaane kaa prayaas karane key liye ack doot bheja.
bull.
dutch khaaton mein 20,000 seey 50,000 taka key dushman balon key "dasiyon hazaaron" kaa anuman lagaaya gayaa haye, halanki yeh aankada sambhavatah ack atishayokti thee kyonki usa samay timor kii aabaadi aadhe million seey bahut cumm thee. kuchh purush mool netaaon key they jinhen senaa mein shamil honey key liye majboor kiya gayaa thaa, aur kaee netaaon koo daa costa dwara maar diyaa gayaa thaa kyonki unhein dutch mein jaane kaa sandeh thaa. maukhik paramparaon key anusaar, kupang kii or badhane seey pahale senaa koo nunuhenu mein, ambeno mein ikattha kiya gayaa thaa. daa costa koo purtagaali adhikaariyon dwara samarthit naheen kiya gayaa thaa, aur yeh bhee kii yuddh mein bhaag naheen lene vaale pratispardhi dee horney parivaar key saath, topas parr puuraa niyantran naheen thaa.
praarambhik ladaai mein bhaag naheen lene vaale sahyogiyon key alawa, lagbhag 500 dutch sanic they-ack sargent aur dou corporal, 20 europeeya, 130 mardizkar, saboo seey 240, solar seey 60 aur rotte seey 30, company key swayamsevakon key alawa. sabhi koo agneyastra pradaan kiye gaye they. isake alawa, atirikt sanic they joe kupang key kille aur shahar mein tainaat they. dutch bull kii kamaan christophel lip ney sambhali thee, jabaki mardijkaron kii kamaan fraans money kaanaa ney sambhali thee. yuddh seey pahale, kupang kii aabaadi kaa badaa hissa shahar seey bhaag gayaa, senaa key aaney key darr seey, dutch khaaton mein sthaaniya vauco commander koo apane mool sahyogiyon koo ladane key liye manaane kii aavashyakta bataai gaee thee. rotte aur saibu key loga bhee shuru mein hatotsaahit they, unhein vaade karane padey aur bhaagne seey pahale jahaajon koo dubana padaa.
yuddh.
daa costa kii senaa ney kupang key poorv mein ack pahaadi, penfui mein derra daala aur vahaan patthar aur mitty key kilon kaa nirmaan kiya. 9 navambar 1749 kii ravivaar kii subah, dutch senaa shivir mein shamil honey key liye kupang seey ravaana hui. aaney vaali dutch senaaon kaa saamana karane parr, amarasi, jise sabse saamane kilebandi key liye niyukt kiya gayaa thaa, ney dutch koo ack doot bhejkar kahaa kii way "abb seey dutch key dost kahey jaa sakate hain" aur amarasi ney dutch kaa peechha kiye binaa yuddh key maidan koo chhod diyaa. jaise hii dutch anya kilon kii or badhe, anya timor senaayen joe senaa mein majboor hoe gaee theen, unakaa anusaran kiya aur yuddh key maidan seey chaley gaye. yuddh key baad, daa costa key tahat kaee rajneeti dutch key saath phir seey juda jaayegi.
ladaai hui kyonki dutch ney ack baar mein kilebandi koo lene kaa prayaas kiya, aur jaise hii ladaai kaa jwaar dutch key paksh mein hoe gayaa, unake timor sahayogi ladaai mein shamil hoe gaye. antatah, antim kille mein sheersh key saath, daa costa ney yuddh key maidan seey bhaagne kaa prayaas kiya, lekin door jaane seey pahale ack essegai dwara apane ghode seey maaraa gayaa, aur uska sir kalam curr diyaa gayaa. yuddh seey bachane kaa prayaas karane vaale anya logon kaa bhee peechha kiya gayaa aur maare gaye, jisamen lagbhag 2,000 loga maare gaye, jinamen kaee sheersh adhikaari aur teen mool nivasi "raajaa" shamil they. dutch hatahaton kii sankhya cumm thee, jisamen 19 timoris, ack murdiser aur dou swayamsevakon kii maut hoe gaee.
yuddh key turant baad, timoriyon ney shavon kaa sir kalam curr diyaa, jisamen dutch key timoriyon key sahyogiyon seey batavia mein governor-general koo ack patra likhaa gayaa thaa, jisamen ack hazaar seey adhik sir liye jaane kii soochana dee gaee thee. unake liye aadhyatmik arth kii topas regalia bhee jabt curr lii gaee. jaba yuddh key parinam key baare mein soochit kiya gayaa, tou timor key purtagaali governor ney tippani kii kii daa costa apane bhaagya kaa hakdar thaa, aur daa costa ney usey abhiyaan shuru karane seey rokane key apane prayason koo nazarandaj curr diyaa thaa.
swedish itihaaskaar ney tippani kii kii halanki badee senaa daa costa kii ack "upalabdhi" thee, lekin timoriyon koo lambe sainya abhiyaanon key liye upayog naheen kiya gayaa thaa aur daa costa kii agami haar "taarkik" thee.
isake baad.
iss haar key parinamswarup timor mein topas prabhaav mein girawat aaee aur dweep parr purtagaali shakti kamjor hoe gaee. agale baarah varshon mein, timor mein sthaaniya rajneeti ney apani nishtha koo purtagaliyon seey dutch mein sthanantarit curr diyaa. 1769 mein, dweep parr purtagaali adhikaariyon ney baad mein dutch aur topas donon key kaaran paschim mein jeevan seey poorv mein dilee mein apana mukhyalaya sthanantarit curr diyaa. dutch itihaaskaar ney tippani kii kii halanki yuddh key prabhaav koo timor key itihas mein ack modd key roop mein ack "atishayokti" haye, lekin dweep mein shakti kaa santulan yuddh key baad naatakiya roop seey badal gayaa, aur yadi daa costa ney jeet hassil kii hoti, tou timor aur solar dweepsamuh purtagaali baney rahey honge. baad kii sthaaniya parampara mein, shabd kii jeet kaa shreya divya hastakshep koo diyaa gayaa thaa, jisamen swayam sheersh dwara bhee shamil thaa. 
dutch senaaon kii kamaan sambhaalane vaale ensign lip koo baad mein kupang key "operhoofed" key saath baahar curr diyaa gayaa aur unake yogdan koo dabaa diyaa gayaa. isi tarah, mardijkaron koo bhee unake sambhaavit khatare key kaaran shreya naheen diyaa gayaa thaa. dutch kii jeet key kaaran, protestant church ney timer parr apani upasthiti banaae rakhee, halanki sthaaniya logon koo dharm lagu karane key liye tatkaal koee prayaas naheen kiye gaye they. timor key lagbhag 50,000 nivasi lock vishay bunn gaye, aur 1750 key dashak mein kaee catholic shasakon ney dutch sudhaar church mein parivartit curr diyaa. 
1750 key dashak key dauran, kupang mein dutch commander ney kaee topas kilon koo apane kabje mein lete hue, unaki upasthiti koo aur kamjor karane key liye topas key khilaf abhiyaan shuru kiye, lekin antatah kaee baar unake gadh parr kabja karane mein whiffle rahey, aanshik roop seey makasare vyapariyon key kaaran joe logistic aur gathbandhan key muddon key alawa topas kii aapoorti karate they. isake kaaran, dutch ney unnisvin shatabdi key madhya taka timor key mamalon mein bhaag lene kaa prayaas kiya. antatah dutch-purtagaali seema, joe unnisvin shatabdi taka aupchaarik naheen thee, joe gatirodh key kaaran beesavin shatabdi taka purvi timor parr indoneshiyai aakraman taka jaari rahee. jiss kshetra mein ladaai hui thee, vaha abb ell taari antarrashtriya havaai adde kaa sthal haye.