
antahshira kshetriya sangyaaharan

antahshira kshetriya sangyaaharan (aaee. vee. aar.) yaa bears block sangyaaharan shareer key angon parr ack sangyaaharan takneek haye jahan ack sthaaniya sangyaaharan koo antahshira roop seey inject kiya jaataa haye aur ack lakshit kshetra mein parisancharan seey alag kiya jaataa haye. takneek mein aamtaur parr lakshit kshetra kaa rakt-bahirgaman shamil hotaa haye, joe rakt koo chhor seey baahar nikaalane key liye majboor kartaa haye, isake baad rakt pravaah koo surakshit roop seey rokane key liye vaayaviya turnicutes kaa upayog kiya jaataa haye. anaesthetic agent koo antahshira mein anga mein pravesh karaaya jaataa haye aur aspas key ootak mein failane diyaa jaataa haye jabaki turnicutes agent koo vaanchhit kshetra key bheetar banaae rakhate hain.
itihas.
sthaaniya sangyaaharan koo prerit karane key liye turnicutes aur injected sangyaaharan kaa upayog pahali baar 1908 mein agast bear dwara shuru kiya gayaa thaa. unhone haath koo exsanguinate karane key liye ack esmark patti kaa upayog kiya aur site mein teji seey sangyaaharan aur analgesic prabhaavon koo prerit karane key liye dou turnicutes key beach proken kaa injection diyaa. halanki yeh prabhaavi saabit huaa, ivera see taka apekshaakrit alokpriya rhaa. aim. key. homes ney 1963 mein ise phir seey pesh kiya. aaj, yeh takneek apani arthavyavastha, teji seey sudhaar, vishvasaniyata aur sadgi key kaaran aam haye.
vidhiyaan.
sthaaniya maanak prakriyaon aur jiss chhor parr sanchaalan kiya jaa rhaa haye, usake aadhar parr protocol bhinn hotey hain. adhikansh chikitsak anga koo rakt seey baahar nikaalana shuru karate hain jaisa kii bear ney ack lochdaar patti (esmark patti) key saath kiya thaa, rakt koo hriday kii or nikatata seey nichodate hue, phir anga parr vaayaviya turnicutes lagaae jaate hain aur sabhi rakt vaahikaon koo avaruddh karane key liye dhamani key dabaav seey 30 mimiechji oopar phoolaaya jaataa haye aur phir lochdaar patti koo hataa diyaa jaataa haye. sthaaniya sangyaaharan kii ack uchch khuraak, aamtaur parr adrenaline key binaa lidocane yaa prelocane, koo dheere-dheere rakt-bahishkrit anga mein jitna sambhav hoe utanaa door taka inject kiya jaataa haye. nason koo behoshi seey bharaa jaataa haye, lagbhag 6-8 minut key baad sthaaniya ootak mein behoshi kii setting key saath, jisake baad kshetra kii sergery, kamee yaa herfer shuru hoe sakata haye. yeh mahatvapurna haye kii iss samay kshetra sakriya rakt pravaah seey alag hoe. analgesic prabhaav aamtaur parr dou ghante taka rahata haye joe khuraak aur upayog kiye jaa rahey anaesthetic agent key prakaar parr nirbhar kartaa haye. rakt mein anaesthetic agent kii adhik matra seey bachane key liye prateeksha samay aur kshetra seey rakt pravaah kaa algaav mahatvapurna haye jisase hypotension, ainthan, ataalata aur mrityu hoe sakati haye. bupivakine aur atidocane jaise cardiotoxic sthaaniya anaesthetic agent sakhti seey pratibandhit hain.
suraksha.
naidaanik saahitya mein hathidant kii suraksha aur prabhavsheelta achchi tarah seey sthaapit haye. haalaanki, bupivakine aur atidocane jaise cardiotoxic sthaaniya anaesthetic agents koo pratibandhit kiya jaataa haye. jaba door key anga parr, vishesh roop seey agra-bhuja parr hathidant lagaaya jaataa haye, tou cumm prakriya samay (2 ghante taka) koo prathamikta dee jaati haye, sivaay taba jaba rogi koo turnicute upayog key liye matbhed hotey hain (jaise sickle cell anaemia mein, jahaan cumm oxygen tanaav yaa seemit rakt pravaah key kaaran haemolitic sankat key kaaran badey paimaane parr haemolysis kaa khatra hotaa haye). hathidant seey sambandhit jatilataon kii ack vyavasthit sameeksha mein 1964 aur 2005 key beach 64 mamle paae gaye, joe anya takneekon key mukabale anukool hain. hathidant seey sambandhit rugnata key adhikansh mamalon mein sangyaaharan agent kaa prakaar, anuchit upkaran upayog yaa chayan, aur takniki truti pramukh kaarak hain. aadhunik abhyaas mein abb rogi kii suraksha mein sudhaar key liye vibhinn suraksha upaay shamil hain.
upkaran.
anaesthesiologist aur sarjanon kii report mahatvapurna suraksha upaayon key roop mein upkaranon key uchit chayan, nireekshan aur rakharkhaav kaa hawala detee haye. sabse surakshit tournicute upkaran mein ivera-vishisht visheshtaen honey chaahiye jaise kii pratyek channel key liye swatantra anga avrodh dabaav maap, saath hii saath dohare-blade vaale tournicute cuff key saath samarpit suraksha talabandi joe maanav truti koo cumm karati haye. isake alawa, hathidant protocol mein shalya chikitsa seey pahale upkaran key niyamit nivaarak rakharkhaav aur pradarshan pareekshan, chaahe vaha haath seey hoe yaa swachaalit, key liye prakriyaaen shamil honey chaahiye.
dawa yojak.
sahayak samvednahari kriya koo badhaava dekar aur dushprabhavon koo cumm karke haathi daant kii suraksha mein sudhaar karate hain. udaaharan key liye, benzodiazepine aur fentanil koo aksar daure koo rokane aur tantrika avrodh mein sudhaar key liye jodaa jaataa haye.
prakriyaatmak suraksha upaay.
maankeekrit abhyaas key paalan sahit behtar protocol, jatilataon key avsar aur prabhaav koo cumm karane mein bhee madad curr sakate hain. udaaharan key liye, anga suraksha padding aur ack aramdayak turnicate anuprayog ootak kshati koo rokta haye, jabaki paryaapt lekin atyadhik turnicate dabaav yeh sunishchit kartaa haye kii anaesthetics chot key jokhim key binaa anga key bheetar rahey. samay seey pahale chhootane yaa cuff mein mudrasfeeti kii kamee seey bachane key liye dhyaan rakhaa jaanaa chaahiye. yadi jatilataaen hoti hain, tou nirantar shaaririk nigrani aur punarjeevit davaaon aur upkaranon taka taiyar pahunch twarit pratikriya kii suvidha pradaan karati haye.

