
imam rezaa mandir

iran key mashahad mein imam rezaa mandir () ack parisar haye jisamen imam rezaa, urf allie all-ridaa yaa allie all-ridha kaa makbara haye, joe twelver shiyaon kaa aathvaan imam haye. yeh kshetrafal key hisab seey duniya kii sabse badee masjid haye. parisar key bheetar goharshad masjid, ack sangrahalaya, ack pustakalaya, chaar madarse, ack kabristan, islami vigyaan kaa rajaavi vishvavidyalaya, teerthyatriyon key liye ack bhojan kaksh, vishal prarthana kaksh aur anya imaaraten bhee hain.
2007 key ack anuman key anusaar, parisar iran mein ack paryatan kendra haye aur ise "shiya iran key dill" key roop mein varnit kiya gayaa haye, jisamen harr saal 25 million irani aur gair-irani shiya mandir kaa daura karate hain. iss parisar kaa prabandhan astan quds rajaavi foundation dwara kiya jaataa haye aur vartamaan mein iska netritva ack pramukh irani maulavi ahmed marvi curr rahey hain.
mandir apane aap mein ack kshetra koo cover kartaa haye jabaki saat aangan joe isake chaaron or kull ack kshetra koo cover karate hain. imam rajaa mandir mein harr saal dhool saaf karane kaa samaroh manaaya jaataa haye.
dhaarmik mahatva.
shiya srot shiya imamon aur paigambar muhammad kii kaee hadison kaa hawala dete hain joe tirthayatra key mahatva koo ujagar karate hain. islami paigambar kii ack hadis mein likhaa haih meraa apana maans aur khoon khurasan kii bhoomi mein dafnaya jaayega. sarvocch ishwar nishchit roop seey kissy bhee dukhi vyakti key dukh koo door curr dega joe apane mandir kii tirthayatra parr jaataa haye. bhagwan nishchit roop seey kissy bhee paapi vyakti key paapon koo maaf curr denge joe usake mandir kii tirthayatra parr jaataa haye.
itihas.
praarambhik varsh.
daar-ull-imarah (shaahi nivaas) yaa humayad ibn qahtaba all-taaee kaa bagicha sanabad gaanv mein ack kilaa thaa. yeh islam dharm seey pahale key yug kaa haye. ise sanabad, nishabor, sarakh, too aur radkan key kaante vaale raaste parr rakhaa gayaa thaa. yeh kilaa seemavarti guards key liye sthiti lene aur inn sadakon aur kshetron kii suraksha sthaapit karane key liye ack sthaan thaa. haaroon all-rasheed key nidhan key baad, unhein iss sthaan parr dafnaya gayaa thaa. iss aitihaasik ghatana key kaaran, daar-ull-imarah koo haruniah key makbare key roop mein jaanaa jaataa thaa. daar-ull-imarah kii mool aantarik imarat ack parsi mandir thaa. iss imarat koo all-mamoon key adesh seey dhwast curr diyaa gayaa thaa, aur phir ise khorasana kii vishesh vastukala key anusaar punarnirmit kiya gayaa thaa. imarat key chaaron or chaar saade aur chhote divaaron kaa nirmaan kiya gayaa thaa, joe ack cumm dhalaan vaale gumbad seey dhaki hui thee. baad mein, pavitra imam key kaaran makbare (haruniah) kaa naam badal diyaa gayaa aur ise mashad-urr-rajaa key roop mein jaanaa jaataa haye. mashad kaa shaabdik arth haye ack aisee jagah jahan ack shaheed koo dafnaya gayaa haye.
allie all-ridha kii shahadat.
shiya prachaar key anusaar, 818 mein, imam allie all-ridha kii hatyaa abbasid khalifa all-mamoon (shaasit 813-833) dwara kii gaee thee aur unhein all-mamoon key pitaa, haaroon all-rasheed (r. 786-809). iss ghatana key baad, iss sthaan koo mashad all-ridha ("all-ridha kii shahadat kaa sthaan") kahaa gayaa thaa. shiya aur sunni (udaaharan key liye, ibn hibban ney apane kitab all-sikat mein likhaa haye kii jaba bhee pareshan aur mashad mein vaha hamesha tirthayatra parr apani kabr parr jaate they taaki unhein pareshan karane vaali samasyaon seey raahat mill sakey). 9veen shatabdi key anta taka kabr parr ack gumbad banaaya gayaa thaa aur isake chaaron or kaee imaaraten aur bajar uthhe they. agale hazaar varshon key liye, yeh kaee baar tabah hoe gayaa haye aur iska punarnirmaan kiya gayaa haye.
prasiddh musalman yatri ibn batoota ney 1333 mein mashahad kaa daura kiya aur bataaya kii yeh prachur matra mein falon key pedon, dhaaraon aur milon vaalaa ack badaa shahar thaa. suruchipurna nirmaan kaa ack mahaan gumbad mahaan makbare parr chadhata haye, divaaron koo rangeen tailon seey sajaaya jaa rhaa haye. imam key makbare key saamane khalifa haaroon all-rasheed kaa makbara haye, jiss parr jhoomar vaale ack munch dwara chadhaaya gayaa haye.
ghaznavi yug.
teesari hijri shatabdi key anta taka, imam rezaa kii kabr parr ack gumbad banaaya gayaa thaa aur pavitra mandir key chaaron or kaee imaaraten aur bajar uthhe they. 383 aeye mein.aich. / 993 aeye.dee.sebuctigin, ghaznavi sultan ney mashahad koo tabah curr diyaa aur teerthyatriyon koo imam rezaa key pavitra mandir jaane seey roque diyaa. lekin 400 aeye mein.aich./ 1009 aeye.dee., gajani key mahmoud (janm 971, shasson kiya, 998-1030 a.dee.) ney pavitra mandir kaa vistaar aur navinikaran shuru kiya aur shahar key chaaron or kaee kille banaae.
salyug yug.
sultan sanjar (bee. 1086 aeye.dee., aar. 1097-1157 a.dee.), imam rezaa key pavitra mandir mein apane bete key chamatkari upchaar key baad, abhayaranya kaa navinikaran kiya gayaa aur isake parisar key bheetar naee imaraton koo jodaa gayaa. sultan sanjar saljuki key samay, sharaf all-deen aboo tahir bee key baad. saa 'dud bee. allie qummi ney mandir kii marammat kii, unhone usa parr ack gumbad kaa nirmaan shuru kiya. 612 aeye mein.aich./ 1215 aeye.dee.jaisa kii kuchh tailon parr shilalekhon seey pataa chalata haye, alauddin khwarezm shaah ney mandir kaa navinikaran kiya.
mangol aakraman.
khwarazmian rajvansh key dauran, rajvi mandir parr bahut dhyaan diyaa gayaa thaa aur isake ander kuchh marammat aur sajawat kii gaee thee. iss yug mein (612 aeye.aich./1215 aeye.dee.), dou bahut hii shandar ubhare hue thuluth (ack badee nasakh likhaavat) shilalekh chaukor tyle key roop mein mandir key pravesh dwaar key donon taraf-daar all-hufaaz baramade key buggle mein lagaae gaye they-jisamen imam rezaa key naam aur vansh imam allie key liye vaapas likhe gaye they. iss pavitra parisar mein iss yug seey sambandhit kuchh anya shilalekh aur teen mihrab (masjidon mein prarthana-netaa key liye ack vishesh sthaan) maujood hain. 1220 aeye mein mangol aakraman key dauran.dee. (617 aeye.aich.), khurasan koo aakramankari bheed dwara luutaa gayaa thaa aur iss narsamhar seey bache logon ney mashad mein sharan lii aur pavitra mandir key aspas buss gaye. sultan muhammad khudabandeh iljaitu (bee. 1282 esvi), iran key mangol shaasak, ney shiya dharm mein parivartit hoe gaye aur 703-716 a mein iran parr shasson kiya.aich (1304-1316 aid), ack baar phir pavitra mandir kaa bhavya paimaane parr navinikaran kiya gayaa.
kaalaatit yug.
mashahad kaa gauravshali charan shahrukh mirja (bee. 1377 aeye.dee., aar, 1405-1447), tamarlen kaa betaa, aur 1501 seey 1736 taka iran parr shasson karane vaale safavid shaahon key shasankal key dauran apane charam parr pahunch gayaa. shahrukh mirja, jinaki rajdhani herat thee, niyamit roop seey imam rezaa (aeye) key pavitra mandir kii tirthayatra key liye mashahad kaa daura karate they.aiss.). 15veen shatabdi mein, taimuri shahrukh mirza key shasankal key dauran, mashahad raajya key mukhya shaharon mein seey ack bunn gayaa. 1418 mein, unaki patni maharani goharshad ney mandir key buggle mein ack utkrisht masjid key nirmaan key liye dhana diyaa, jise goharshad masjid key roop mein jaanaa jaataa haye.
safavid yug.
1501 aeye mein safavid rajvansh key udbhav key saath.dee. aur raajya dharm key roop mein twelver shiya sampradaay kii unaki ghoshana, maash apane vikas key shikhar parr pahunch gayaa aur jald hii tirthayatra key sabse badey sthalon mein seey ack bunn gayaa. haalaanki, choonki khurasan safavid samrajya kaa ack seemavarti praant thaa, isaliye uzbekistan key khaanon-muhammad khaan, abdullah khaan shaibani, muhammad sultan aur vishesh roop seey abdul-momen khaan dwara baar-baar aakraman aur kabje kii avadhi kaa saamana karna padaa. yeye aakraman 996 aeye taka jaari rahey.aich./ 1586 aeye.dee.shaah abbas pratham kaa shasankal, jinhone antatah uzbekon koo khurasan seey baahar nikaal diyaa.
shaah abbas key samay mein saahan ateek kaa vistaar kiya gayaa thaa, aur safavid yug key dauran, isake aur sudhaar key liye bahut prayaas kiye gaye they. shaah tehmasp aaee ney gumbad key paas meenar kii marammat aur sajawat shuru kii aur 932/1525 mein, gumbad koo dhakane vaali keemati tailon koo soney kii lepit eenton mein badal diyaa gayaa. abd all-mumin khaan uzbekistan key aakraman key dauran unhein lootane key baad, soney kii lepit eenton koo shaah 'abbas dwara 1010/1601 mein phir seey banaaya gayaa thaa, jiska vivaran allie rezaa abbasi dwara ack tamchini shilalekh parr likhaa gayaa thaa. shaah abbas ney uttari baramade, kamaron, kamaron, agrabhagon key saath-saath purvi aur paschimi baramade bhee sthaapit karna shuru curr diyaa. aisaa kahaa jaataa haye kii mullah muhsin faayad kashani ney mandir key uttar kii or tauhid khanah portico sthaapit karane kaa adesh diyaa thaa. alhaverdikhan portico, daar all-jiafah (swaagat kaksh) key uttar kii or baramda aur hataam khaani portico, sabhi safavid, alhaverdikhan aur hataam beck ordubadi key mahaan rajkumaron key samay mein banaae gaye they.
shaah abbas dwiteeya ney marammat aur tyle kii aagya dee aur shaah suleiman ney pavitra mandir key gumbad kii marammat kaa bhee adesh diyaa joe bhookamp key kaaran vibhajit hoe gayaa thaa; ise ack banaae gaye shilalekh mein padhaa jaa sakata haye. unhone kaee madrason (islami madrason) kii sthaapana karane kaa bhee adesh diyaa. goharshad masjid key uttari baramade, pavitra mandir key pravesh dwaar, saath hii pagbean khiyaban (nichali sadak) mein sthit musallah (prarthana kaa sthaan) kii marammat aur tiles ustaad shuja naamak ack kushal isfahani rajmistri dwara kii gaee thee.
safavid yug key dauran, iss mandir koo bhaaratiya upmahadweep key shasakon, arthaat kulee qutub-ull-mulk (qutub shaahi rajvansh key sansthaapak) aur mugal samrat akbar seey bhee sanrakshan milaa. baad vaalaa vishesh roop seey ack soonni thaa.
afsharid aur kajaar yug.
 
naadar shaah afshar (bee. 1688, aar. 1736-1747 a.dee.) aur 1789 seey 1925 taka iran parr shasson karane vaale kajaar shaahon ney vibhinn aangan (saahan), baramade (riyak) aur pavitra mandir key sthaanon koo rotion, sunder aur vistaarit kiya. sahan ateek key swarn baramade aur usake sheersh parr meenar kii marammat aur soney kaa rung lagaaya gayaa thaa, uttari baramade kii meenar khadee kii gaee thee aur rotion kii gaee thee; aur ismel taalaa 'ee sakka khanah (peene key paani key liye ack saarvajanik sthaan) mein sangab (sangamarmar key ekal khand seey banaa ack bartan yaa paatr) sahan ateek mein banaaya gayaa thaa. yeye sub naadar shaah afshar key rajtantra key dauran huaa.
kajaar rajvansh key dauran pavitra mandir parisar mein kuchh sudhaar bhee hue, jisamen nae praangan kii sthaapana aur isake baramade koo sajana shamil thaa, donon hii fath-allie shaah key shasankal key dauran shuru hue aur nasser all-deen shaah key shasankal key dauran samaapt hue. muhammad shaah kajaar key shasson key dauran, jaisa kii isake sheersh key shilalekh mein likhaa gayaa haye, saahan ateek key baramade aur uttari agrabhag kii bhee marammat kii gaee thee. adud all-mulk key sanrakshak honey key samay mein tawheed khanah kii marammat 1276/1859 mein kii gaee thee. unake paas mandir key maheen chitra aur tiles they jinhen 1275/1858 mein darpanon seey sajaaya gayaa thaa. nasser all-deen shaah ney bhee divaaron parr soney kii lepit eenten lagaai theen, joe nae aangan key paschimi baramade key sheersh taka theen aur isaki stalactite key aakar kii chhat thee. isaliye ise "nasiri porch" kahaa jaataa thaa. mozafar adha-deen shaah key rajtantra key dauran puraane aur nae donon aangan mein kuchh marammat bhee kii gaee thee.
disambar 1911 mein takhtapalat key baad, russie topkhaane ney una krantikariyon parr golabari kii jinhone pavitra mandir mein sharan lii thee. 1911 mein puuraa parisar bahut kshatigrast hoe gayaa thaa, lekin kuchh samay baad khurasan key governor hussain mirza naiyar all-davala dwara isaki marammat kii gaee thee.
aadhunik yug.
1347/1928 mein parisar key chaaron or kuchh aavashyak parivartan hue, jaba gumbad key sheersh seey 180 meater kii trijya key saath falaka (goal khula sthaan) sthaapit kiya gayaa thaa. phir unhone samarohon key liye sangrahalaya, pustakalaya aur holl kaa nirmaan shuru kiya. islami kranti kii jeet seey pahale puraane falakah koo 620 meater key dayare taka badhaaya gayaa thaa, aur pavitra imaraton kii aitihaasik sanrachana key ack mahatvapurna hisse koo isaki prachinta aur bhavyata parr vichaar kiye binaa dhwast curr diyaa gayaa thaa.
11 veen rubby all-thaani 1354 aeye parr.aich. / 13 julaai 1935, goharshad masjid vidroh key dauran, rezaa shaah key sashastr bull (bee. 1878, aar. 1925-1941 a.dee.), iran key shaasak samrat aur pahalvi rajvansh key sansthaapak ney pavitra mandir parr aakraman kiya aur goharshad masjid mein logon kaa narsamhar kiya. vahaan key loga shaah kii aadhunikikaran neetiyon key khilaf virodh curr rahey they, jinhen kaee, vishesh roop seey shiya padariyon key beach, islami virodhi maanaa jaataa thaa, jisamen iran mein mahilaaon key liye hizab (sir parr scarf) parr pratibandh lagaana bhee shamil thaa. irani kranti seey kuchh samay pahale, 21 navambar 1978 koo, mohammad rezaa shaah (bee. 1919, aar. 1941-1979 a.dee.), rezaa shaah key bete aur uttaradhikari ney mandir key bheetar badee sankhya mein logon koo maar daala.
iss mandir koo 2004 seey jaari irani 100 riyal sikke key peechhe chitrit kiya gayaa haye. yeh nae irani smart rashtriya card parr bhee haye.
vinirdesh.
aangan (saahan).
parisar mein kull saat aangan hain, joe ack kshetra koo cover karate hainh aangan mein kull 14 meenaaren aur teen fawware bhee hain.
holl.
praangan seey, vidvaanon key naam parr naamit baahari dalan masjid key aantarik kshetron kii or leey jaate hain. unhein "kameena" ("abhayaranya") key roop mein sandarbhit kiya jaataa haye, kyonki way mandir kshetron key liye ack suraksha key roop mein theh
kameena" dalan kull 21 aantarik holl (riyak) kii or leey jaataa haye joe allie all-ridha key dafan kaksh koo gherta haye. dafan kaksh key buggle mein 10veen shatabdi kii ack masjid bhee haye jise baalaa-aeye-saar masjid key naam seey jaanaa jaataa haye.
goharshad masjid.
yeh masjid iran mein sabse pratishthit mein seey ack haye aur imam ridha key pavitra mandir key buggle mein sthit haye. iska nirmaan 821 mein kiya gayaa thaa. shahrukh mirja kii patni, goharshad begum key adesh parr. iska kshetrafal 9410 varg meater haye aur isamen ack aangan, chaar baramade aur saat badey prarthana kaksh shamil hain. maksureh baramade key donon taraf 40 meater oonchi dou meenaaren sthit hain. baramade key kinare parr baain or ack shilalekh haye jise bassoncore ney likhaa haye, joe usa samay key sabse achche sulekhkaaron mein seey ack they. sahib-all jamaan kaa mandir maksureh baramade mein haye. ise 1243 ghante mein akhrot kii lakadi seey aur binaa kissy lohe yaa nakhun key banaaya gayaa thaa. iss masjid mein 34,650 khandon vaalaa ack saarvajanik pustakalaya haye.
allie all-ridha kaa makbara.
yeh sunhare gumbad key neeche sthit haye (sunhara gumbad masad shahar kaa sabse pramukh prateek haye jisaki oonchaai 31.20 meater haye) aur alag-alag baramadon seey ghiraa huaa haye, jinamen seey pratyek kaa ack alag naam haye. kushal kalakaron ney iss sthaan key nirmaan mein apana sarvshreshth pradarshan kiya haye. yeh aakar mein vargakar haye aur lagbhag 135 varg kilometres haye. vistaar karyon key baad isake kshetra mein meater jode gaye hain. deevaaren bees centimeter taka sangamarmar seey dhaki hui hain aur agale 92 centimeter sultan sanjari tailon key roop mein jaani jaane vaali mahangi tailon seey dhaki hui hain. inn tailon parr kurran kii aayaten aur ahle bett kii hadis nakkashi kii gaee hain. divaaron key chaaron or likhaa gayaa mahatvapurna shilalekh assie centimeter chauda haye aur safavid kaal key prasiddh sulekhkar allie ridha abbasi dwara likhaa gayaa haye aur isamen kurran kaa surah juma haye.
sangrahalaya aur anya aitihaasik sahayak.
pavitra mandir kii seema mein dou sangrahalaya hain. astan quds sangrahalaya aur kurran sangrahalaya.
astan quds sangrahalaya iran key sabse ameer aur sabse utkrisht sangrahalayon mein seey ack haye. yeh imarat sahane imam khomaini key purvi hisse mein sthit haye aur haraam chauk key karib haye. isaki kuchh vastuein chhathi shatabdi kii hain. makbare key liye kaaleen, kaaleen aur soney key aavaran kaa sangrah sabhi advitiya hain aur 11veen aur 13veen shatabdi key hain. allie rezaa abbasi dwara likhe gaye kuchh shilalekh moolyavaan vastuon mein seey hain. sangrahalaya mein kalaa key anoothe karyon mein imam kaa pahala makbara patthar haye, jiska shilalekh 516 aich seey sambandhit kufi raahat lipi mein tarasha gayaa thaa.
kurran sangrahalaya bhee astan quds sangrahalaya key aspas sthit haye. isamen pavitra imamon key liye jimmedaar gauravshali kurran kii bahumulya paandulipiyaan aur kuchh soney kii paandulipiyaan hain. ise 1364 mein khola gayaa thaa. pavitra imamon kii sabse purani pandulipi pahali shatabdi kii hiranon kii twacha parr kufi lipi mein haye.
imam rezaa mandir kii aitihaasik prishthabhoomi key kaaran, yeh meenaaren, nkareh khaneh (ketli drum kaa sthaan), sakka khaneh (saarvajanik peya sthaan), saat (ghadee), daar-all-hofaaz (pathakon kaa sthaan), tauhid khaneh (divya ekataa kaa sthaan), daar-all-siyada, baalaa-saar masjid, daar-all-rahma baramda, alhaverdi khaan, hataam khaani gumbad, swarn gumbad, astan quds memansara jaisi aitihaasik vastuon kaa sangrah haye.