
maximo castillo

general maximo castillo (1864-1919) maxican kranti (see. aeye.) mein ack brigadier general they. 1910-1920) jinhone uttari mexico mein krishi sudhaar key liye ladaai ladee. castillo garib paida huaa thaa aur apane jeevan key ack hisse key liye ack yatri khet mazdoor key roop mein kaam kartaa thaa. apane mool chihuahua lautane parr, castillo maxican kranti mein shamil hoe gaye aur francisco madero key vyaktigat angarakshak bunn gaye. satta hassil karane key baad madero key sudhaaron kii mandee seey nirash, castillo jaldi seey madero sarkaar key sashastr vipaksh mein shamil hoe gaye. sarkaar dwara una parr ack train mein todfod karane kaa aarop lagaane key baad unhein sanyukt raajya america mein kaid curr liya gayaa thaa. apani nazarbandi mein, unhone sansmaranon kii ack shrinkhala likhi, joe usa aadhar kaa nirmaan karati haye jisase itihaaskaar aaj unake jeevan kaa adhyayan karate hain. 55 varsh kii ayu mein unakaa nidhan hoe gayaa.
praarambhik jeevan.
maximo castillo kaa janm 11 maee, 1864 koo saine nicolas dee caretas (abb grain morelos) key gaanv key baahar chihuahua mein apane daadaa key khet mein huaa thaa. iss khet mein lagbhag chaar hazaar mestizo rahate they, jinamen unake maataa-pitaa bhee shamil they, jinake paas kaee chhote bhukhand they. athaarah varsh kii ayu mein, unhone maria dee jesu flores seey shaadi kii. haalaanki vaha ack sakshar aur sammaanit "campacino" they, lekin way, unaki patni aur unake dou bachchon ney aarthik roop seey sangharsh kiya. castillo ney 1895 mein gaanv key mahapour banane seey incar curr diyaa, aur 1901 mein chihuahua shahar jaane seey pahale ack lohar aur ack khanik key roop mein kaam kiya. phir unhone sanyukt raajya mein ack pravaasi khet mazdoor key roop mein kaee saal bitaaye. sanyukt raajya america mein castillo kii yaatraon ney unhein kattarpanthi banaa diyaa.
maxican kranti.
1908 mein apane parivaar key paas lautane parr, castillo ney general porpherio diaz kii tanashahi koo chunauti denaa shuru curr diyaa. vaha diaz key haal key raajneetik pratidvandi francisco key lekhan seey bahut prabhaavit they. madero. way 1910 mein madero kii kranti mein shamil hoe gaye aur jaldi hii unakaa vyaktigat angarakshak bunn gaye. march 1911 mein, madero ney kaisas grands kii gherabandi kii, jahan unhein ghayal honey kii soochana millie thee, halanki baad mein isase incar curr diyaa gayaa thaa. castillo ney apani zaan bachaai, lekin unaki senaaon koo diaz key sainikon ney peechhe hataa diyaa. lekin, kewal dou maheene baad, krantikari balon ney diaz sarkaar koo samaapt karate hue, siudad juaarez parr kabja curr liya. usee varsh octuber mein madero rashtrapati chune gaye they. castillo ney rajdhani mein ack pramukh sthiti koo aswikar curr diyaa aur isake bajaay kshetra mein vyavastha laane key liye madero key aadeshon key saath ghar laut aae. vahaan, unhone alokpriya sthaaniya adhikaariyon kii jagah "graameen" dwara samarthit adhikaariyon koo niyukt kiya, lekin way sthaaniya daku-dakuon koo sambodhit karane mein utane safal naheen they.
castillo nae shasson key tahat sudhaar kii dheemi gati seey pareshan they. 2 farwari, 1912 koo castillo aur anya krantikari netaaon ney saanta rossa kii yojana parr hastakshar kiye, jisamen mexico mein kattarpanthi aarthik aur raajneetik parivartanon kaa ahwan kiya gayaa. kuchh hii hafton baad, castillo ney empacadora kii yojana parr bhee hastakshar kiye, jisane madero sarkaar key khilaf sashastr pratirodh kaa udghaatan kiya. madero ney vidrohiyon seey ladane key liye general victoriano huerta koo bheja. madero kii hatyaa key baad aur huerta key rashtrapati pada parr chadhane key baad, unhone krantikari netaaon mein seey ack, pascul orozco key saath gathbandhan kiya. castillo ney iss naee sarkaar key saath gathbandhan kaa virodh kiya, lekin ise prabhaavi dhang seey chunauti dene key liye sainikon aur aapoorti kii kamee thee. isake bajaay, unhone apana dhyaan uttari maxico kii or ghumaaya.
jabaki madero aur huerta seey aprasann, castillo ney dakshin mein morelos key krantikari netaa emiliano zapaataa key bhoomi sudhaaron kaa dridhata seey samarthan kiya. castillo aur zapaataa 1911 mein kuchh samay key liye mille, ack aisee baithak jisane castillo koo gaharaai seey prabhaavit kiya. march 1913 mein, castillo ney ell passo mein zapetista andolan key ack rashtriya netaa emilio wazquays gomez seey mulakat kii, jisane castillo ney uttar mein samarthan karane kaa vaadaa kiya. brigadier general key pada seey sammaanit, unhone gomez koo kasam khaai, "maine una aadarshon key liye peedit kiya haye, aur maine apane sammaan key saath-saath apane bachchon key sammaan mein mrityu yaa jeet taka ladane kii shapath lii haye."
karawas.
1913 kii shuruat mein, castillo aur unake anuyaayiyon ney americi khanan, lakadi aur railway hiton koo lakshit karna shuru kiya, jinhone uttari maxico mein nivesh kiya thaa. way apani senaa koo banaae rakhane key liye aavashyak aapoorti praapt karane kii ummeed karate they. ack lakshya romani aind farnsworth kaa bhandar thaa, jahan seey vaha paise aur saman letaa thaa aur jise americi rajneta mitt romani key daadaa gaskell romani dwara sanchaalit kiya jaataa thaa. antatah, castillo americi raajya nyu maxico mein chaley gaye jahan unhein turant americi sainikon dwara pakad liya gayaa aur ell passo key poorv mein fort bliss mein seemit curr diyaa gayaa.
jail mein, sanyukt raajya sarkaar ney kambre surang mein trasdi key liye castillo koo doshi thaharaaya. 4 farwari, 1914 koo, dakaiton key ack giroh ney jaanboojhkar ack yatri train koo khaali maal gaadiyon mein ghusavaaya thaa, jinhen chihuahua mein kambre railway surang mein hirasat mein liya gayaa thaa aur aag lagaa dee gaee thee. iss agnikand mein bees seey adhik amerikiyon sahit pachas seey adhik logon kii mrityu hoe gaee. sanyukt raajya sarkaar ney castillo seey poochtaachh kii lekin usey trasdi seey jodane mein asamarth rahee. iss samay pancho vilaa ney castillo aur usake kattarpanthi sudhaaron kaa kadaa virodh kiya, aur aggar usey riha curr diyaa gayaa tou castillo koo maarne kii dhamki dee. halanki, vilaa kii patni, luj coral vaaee vilaa, joe ack baar castillo seey dosti curr chuki thee, ney apane aparaadh seey incar kiya. ack sakshatkar mein, unhone kahaa kii, "mujhe vishvaas naheen hoe rhaa haye kii komal chehare aur muskurati aankho vaalaa aadami iss tarah kaa aparaadh curr sakata thaa."aadhunik itihaaskaar iss baat seey sahmat hain kii castillo nirdosh thaa.
jail mein, castillo ney sansmaranon kii ack shrinkhala likhi, jinhen itihaskaron ney haal hii mein phir seey khoja haye. sansmaranon mein mukhya roop seey castillo kaa maxican kranti aur usake vibhinn netaaon kaa varnan shamil haye.
mrityu aur viraasat.
dou saal key karawas key baad, sanyukt raajya sarkaar ney castillo koo cuba mein nirvaasan key liye bheja. unhone janwari 1916 mein bhaap jahaaj "axellier" parr savaar hocker desh chhod diyaa. unaki mrityu seey pahale key antim varshon mein unake baare mein bahut cumm jaankaari haye. 1919 mein, pachas-paanch saal kii umr mein, unaki mrityu hoe gaee, usake baad teen saal baad chihuahua shahar mein unaki patni kii mrityu hoe gaee, jahan school aur sadaken unake jeevan kaa sammaan karati hain.