
raajya punargathan adhiniyam, 1956

raajya punargathan adhiniyam, 1956 bhaarat key raajyon aur kshetron kii seemaon kaa ack pramukh sudhaar thaa, joe unhein bhashai aadhar parr vyavasthit kartaa thaa.
haalaanki 1956 seey bhaarat kii raajya seemaon mein atirikt parivartan kiye gaye hain, 1956 kaa raajya punargathan adhiniyam bhaarat kii swatantrata key baad raajya seemaon mein sabse vyaapak parivartan banaa huaa haye.
yeh adhiniyam usee samay prabhaavi huaa jaba samvidhaan (satwan sanshodhan) adhiniyam, 1956 ney (anya baaton key alawa) bhaarat key maujooda raajyon key liye samvaidhaanik dhaanche kaa punargathan kiya aur bhaarat key samvidhaan key bhaag 1, anuchhed 3 key praavdhaanon key tahat raajya punargathan adhiniyam, 1956 koo paarit karane kii aavashyaktaaen.
swatantrata aur 1950 key samvidhaan key baad raajneetik ekikaran.
british bhaarat, jisamen vartamaan bhaarat, pakistan, bangladesh aur myanmar shamil they, koo dou prakaar key kshetron mein vibhajit kiya gayaa thaah british bhaarat key praant, joe seedhe bhaarat key governor-general key liye jimmedaar british adhikaariyon dwara shaasit they; aur bhaaratiya raajya, sthaaniya vanshaanugat shasakon key shasson key tahat, jinhone sandhi dwara sthaapit adhikansh mamalon mein apane swayam key kshetron parr nirantar adhikaar key badale mein british adhirajya koo maanyata dee. 20veen shatabdi kii shuruat mein hue sudhaaron key parinamswarup, adhikansh british praanton mein seedhe vidhaayikaon key saath-saath rajyapal bhee chune gaye they, halanki kuchh chhote praant governor-general dwara niyukt mukhya aayukt dwara shaasit they. 1930 key dashak mein angrejon dwara kiye gaye pramukh sudhaaron ney bhee sanghwad key siddhant koo maanyata dee, jise swatantra bhaarat key shasson mein aage badhaaya gayaa thaa.
15 agast 1947 koo british bhaarat koo bhaarat aur pakistan key alag-alag prabhutva key roop mein swatantrata dee gaee thee. angrejon ney paanch sou seey adhik riyasaton key saath apane sandhi sambandhon koo bhang curr diyaa, jinhen bhaarat yaa pakistan mein shamil honey key liye protsaahit kiya gayaa thaa, jabaki aisaa karane key liye koee majburi naheen thee. adhikansh raajyon ney bhaarat mein pravesh kiya, aur kuchh ney pakistan mein pravesh kiya. bhootaan, hyderabad aur kashmir ney swatantrata kaa vikalp chunaa; bhootaan swatantra banaa huaa haye, lekin hyderabad koo bhaarat dwara apane saath milaa liya gayaa thaa, aur kashmir kaa darja bhaarat aur pakistan key beach sangharsh kaa vishay bunn gayaa.
1947 aur lagbhag 1950 key beach, riyasaton key kshetron koo raajneetik roop seey bhaaratiya sangh mein ekikrit kiya gayaa thaa. kaee raajyon koo maujooda praanton mein milaa diyaa gayaa thaa; anya sanghon mein sangathit kiye gaye they, jaise kii rajputana, himachal pradesh, madhya bhaarat aur kaee riyasaton seey banaa raajya, jinamen maisur, hyderabad, bhopal aur bilaspur shamil they, kuchh alag-alag raajya baney rahey. bhaarat sarkaar adhiniyam 1935 bhaarat kaa samvaidhaanik kaanoon banaa rhaa joe ack nae samvidhaan koo apanaane taka banaa rhaa.
bhaarat kaa nayaa samvidhaan, joe 26 janwari 1950 koo lagu huaa, ney bhaarat koo ack samprabhu loktaantrik ganarajya banaa diyaa. nae ganarajya koo "raajyon kaa sangh" bhee ghoshit kiya gayaa thaa. 1950 key samvidhaan ney teen mukhya prakaar key raajyon aur kshetron key ack varg key beach antar kiyaah
iss vargeekaran mein, ack bhaag raajyon mein ack "rajyapal" thaa, bhaag bee raajyon mein ack "rajpramukh" thaa aur bhaag see raajyon mein ack "aayukt" thaa.
bhashai raajyon key liye andolan.
bhaarat key british shasson seey swatantrata praapt karane seey pahale hii bhashai aadhar parr raajyon koo sangathit karane kii maang vikasit kii gaee thee. 1895 mein apani tarah kaa pahala bhashai andolan shuru huaa, joe abb odisha haye. maujooda bihaar aur udeesaa praant koo vibhajit karke ack alag udeesaa praant key gathan kii maang key saath andolan ney baad key varshon mein gati praapt kii. odia raashtravaad key janak madhusudan daas key prayason key kaaran, andolan ney antatah 1936 mein apana uddeshya hassil kiya, jaba orissa praant aam bhaashaon key aadhar parr sangathit honey vaalaa pahala bhaaratiya raajya (swatantrata poorv) bunn gayaa.
swatantrata key baad key samay mein bhashai aadhar parr nae raajyon key nirmaan key liye raajneetik andolanon kaa uday huaa. madras raajya key uttari bhaag seey ack telugu bhashi raajya banaane key andolan ney swatantrata key baad key varshon mein taakat jutai, aur 1953 mein, madras raajya key solah uttari telugu bhashi jile aandhr kaa nayaa raajya bunn gaye.
1950-1956 avadhi key dauran, raajya kii seemaon mein anya chhote badalaav kiye gaeh 1 julaai 1954 koo bilaspur key chhote raajya kaa himachal pradesh mein vilay curr diyaa gayaa thaa; aur 1955 mein francisi bhaarat key ack poorv antahkshetra, chandernagar koo paschim bangal mein shamil kiya gayaa thaa.
raajya punargathan aayog.
raajya punargathan aayog seey pahale bhashai praant aayog (urf dhaar aayog) thaa, jisaki sthaapana juuna 1948 mein kii gaee thee. isane raajyon koo vibhajit karane key liye ack mapdand key roop mein bhasha koo khariz curr diyaa thaa. baad mein, pradhaanmantri jawaharlal nehru ney disambar 1953 mein bhaaratiya raajyon key punargathan key liye raajya punargathan aayog niyukt kiya. nae aayog kii adhyakshata sarvocch nyayalaya key sevaanivritt mukhya nyayadhish fazal allie ney kii thee; isake anya dou sadasya aich they. aine. kunjaru aur key. aim. panikar. aayog key prayason kii dekhrekh govind ballabh pant ney kii, jinhone disambar 1954 seey grih mantri key roop mein kaary kiya.
raajya punargathan aayog ney 30 sitambar, 1955 koo bhaarat key raajyon key punargathan key liye sifaarishon key saath ack report prastut kii, jiss parr taba bhaaratiya sansad dwara bahas kii gaee thee. baad mein, samvidhaan mein parivartan karane aur raajyon key punargathan key liye vidheyak paarit kiye gaye.
anya kaanoonon dwara sambandhit parivartan.
raajya punargathan adhiniyam 31 agast 1956 koo adhiniyamit kiya gayaa thaa. 1 navambar koo prabhaavi honey seey pahale, bhaarat key samvidhaan mein ack mahatvapurna sanshodhan kiya gayaa thaa. saatven sanshodhan key tahat, bhaag aeye, bhaag bee, bhaag see aur bhaag dee raajyon kii maujooda shabdawali mein badalaav kiya gayaa thaa. bhaag aeye aur bhaag bee raajyon key beach key antar koo hataa diyaa gayaa, jise kewal "raajyon" key roop mein jaanaa jaane lagaa. ack nae prakaar kii ikai, kendra shaasit pradesh ney vargeekaran koo bhaag see yaa bhaag dee raajya key roop mein badal diyaa.
bihaar seey paschim bangal mein kuchh kshetron koo sthanantarit karate hue ack aur adhiniyam 1 navambar koo bhee lagu huaa.
parivartanon kaa prabhaav.
1956 kaa raajya punargathan adhiniyam bhaarat koo raajyon aur kendra shaasit pradeshon mein vibhajit karane kii disha mein ack badaa kadam thaa. nimnalikhit soochi mein 1 navambar 1956 koo punargathit bhaarat key raajyon aur kendra shaasit pradeshon koo nirdhaarit kiya gayaa haih
kendra shaasit pradesh.
bhaag see aur bhaag dee kshetron koo joe anya raajyon mein vilay naheen kiye gaye they, unhein kendra shaasit pradeshon mein parivartit curr diyaa gayaa thaah

