
gathbandhan kaa charter

gathbandhan kaa charter (), jise samjhaute key vilekh key roop mein bhee jaanaa jaataa haye, ottoman samrajya key grand vajir aur kaee shaktishali sthaaniya shasakon key beach 1808 mein hastaaksharit ack sandhi thee, joe kendriya ottoman sarkaar key saath apani shakti aur sambandhon koo viniyamit karane key prayaas mein thee.
prishthabhoomi.
ottoman samrajya mein, krishi bhoomi koo sultan kii niji sampatti maanaa jaataa thaa. inn sampadaon () koo yuddh key dauran unaki sainya sevaaon key badale mein ghudsavaaron ("timariyat sipaahiyon") koo diyaa gayaa thaa. yeh pranali madhyayugeen europe kii jagir pranali key samaan thee, sivaay isake kii yeh bhoomi gair-viraasat mein millie thee, ottoman samrajya mein saamantvaad key uday koo chhodkar. haalaanki, 18veen shatabdi mein samrajya key patan key dauran, dou karakon ney ack prakaar kii saamantvaad koo ukasaayaah
ghudsavaaron kii jagah curr sangrahakartaon aur sthaaniya sainya shasakon ney leey lii jinhen derbe ("nadee key swami") yaa ayyan kahaa jaataa thaa. inn shaktishali sthaaniya netaaon ney kaafee sainya shakti dwara samarthit vaastavik sthaaniya rajvanshon kaa gathan kiya. 18veen shatabdi key anta taka, sultan kaa adhikaar rajdhani istambul key baahar lagbhag astitvaheen hoe gayaa thaa, aur samrajya atyadhik vikendrikrit hoe gayaa thaa.
elemdar mustafa kaa mahaan vajir key roop mein uday.
alemdar mustafa paasha ack ayyan rusuk (russ, bulgaria) mein sudhaarvaadi sultan selim III (shasson 1789-1807) kaa samarthan curr rhaa thaa. selim III koo gaddi seey hataae jaane key baad, alemdar ney saleem III koo phir seey simhaasan parr bithaane key liye istambul kii or cooch kiya. haalaanki saleem koo nae sultan mustafa IV (shasson 1807-1808) dwara maar diyaa gayaa thaa. alemdar ney mustafa IV koo gaddi seey hataa diyaa aur apane bhaai mahmut II (shasson 1808-1839) koo gaddi parr bithaaya. kritagyata dikhaane key liye, mahimat dwiteeya ney alemdar koo apana pradhaan vajir niyukt kiya.
gathbandhan kaa charter.
vaarta mein bhaag lene vaale ullekhaniya logon kii sankhya gyaat naheen haye. haalaanki, sroton mein bojok (yozgat) seey Çapanoğlu süleyman bey, manissa seey Каросманоглу ömer ğa, siroz seey исмал Âil Âe, сиle seey ahmed āga, bolu voivode hassimedolu seyid brahim ā, billesic ullekhaniya kaliyonku mustafa bey aur Çirmanen governor kaa ullekh haye.
mool roop seey swayam ayaanon mein seey ack, alemdar ney ack sandhi dwara samrajya mein arajakta koo samaapt karane kii koshish kii. unhone anya ayaanon koo istambul mein aamantrit kiya. haalaanki unamen seey kewal chaar hii saamane aae, elemdar aur unhone 29 sitambar 1808 koo "gathbandhan kaa charter" () naamak ack dastaavez parr hastakshar kiye.
isake baad.
kuchh itihaskaron key anusaar, gathbandhan kaa charter turkey magna carta kaa ack roop thaa. anya, halanki; ingit karate hain kii 19veen shatabdi key poorvaardh mein hastaaksharit charter kii tulanaa 13veen shatabdi key magna carta seey naheen kii jaa sakati haye.
kissy bhee mamle mein, charter alpakaalik thaa. sandhi key anusaar, alemdar key uttaradhikari bhee sandhi parr hastakshar karenge. lekin alemdar kii mrityu key baad kissy bhee badey vazeer ney sandhi kii pushti naheen kii, shayed sultan key kewal aadhe dill key samarthan key kaaran. sultan ney iss sandhi koo apani pratishtha key liye ack chunauti key roop mein dekhaa. haalaanki, baad key varshon mein urjaavaan sultan ayaanon key khilaf ladey aur unamen seey adhikansh koo vash mein karane mein saksham hue.

