
dnp3

vitarit network protocol 3 (dnp3) prakriya swachaalan pranaliyon mein ghatakon key beach upayog kiye jaane vaale sanchaar protocol kaa ack samooh haye. iska mukhya upayog bijli aur paani companiyon jaisi upayogitaon mein hotaa haye. anya udyogon mein upayog aam naheen haye. ise vibhinn prakaar key detta adhigrahan aur niyantran upkaranon key beach sanchaar key liye vikasit kiya gayaa thaa. yeh scada pranaliyon mein ack mahatvapurna bhoomika nibhaata haye, jahan iska upayog scada master stations (aeye.key.aeye. niyantran kendra), doorasth terminal ikaaiyaan (aar. tii. aiss.), aur buddhiman electronic upkaran (aaee. ee. dee. aiss.). iska upayog mukhya roop seey ack master station aur aar. tii. aiss. yaa aaee. ee. dee. aiss. key beach sanchaar key liye kiya jaataa haye. aaee. see. see. pee., antar-niyantran kendra sanchaar protocol (aaee. ee. see. 60870-6 kaa ack hissa), kaa upayog antar-master station sanchaar key liye kiya jaataa haye. pratispardhi manakon mein puraane modbus protocol aur nae aaee. ee. see. 61850 protocol shamil hain.
itihas.
jabaki aaee. ee. see. 60870-5 abhee bhee vikas key tahat thaa aur maankeekrit naheen kiya gayaa thaa, ack maanak banaane kii aavashyakta thee joe vidyut grid key liye vibhinn vikretaon key scada ghatakon key beach antar-sanchaalan kii anumati dega. iss prakaar, 1993 mein, jee-haris kanada (jise pahale vestronic key roop mein jaanaa jaataa thaa) ney aanshik roop seey puuraa kiye gaye aaee. ee. see. 60870-5 protocol vinirdeshon kaa upayog ack khule aur turant lagu kiye jaane yogya protocol key aadhar key roop mein kiya joe vishesh roop seey uttari americi aavashyaktaon koo puuraa kartaa thaa. protocol koo pratikool vatavaran mein vishvasaniya sanchaar kii anumati dene key liye design kiya gayaa haye, joe vidyut upayogita swachaalan pranaliyon key adheen hain, vishesh roop seey vidyut chumbakiya hastakshep (ee. aim. aaee.), umr badhane vaale ghatakon (unakaa apekshit jivankal dashakon taka fail sakata haye), aur kharaab sancharan media dwara prerit vikriti koo door karane key liye design kiya gayaa haye.
suraksha.
kyonki smart grid anuprayog aam taur parr teesare paksh dwara samaan bhautik network aur grid key antarnihit aaee. pee. buniyaadi dhaanche taka pahunch maanate hain, isaliye dee. aine. pee. 3 protocol mein surakshit pramanikaran suvidhaon koo jodane key liye bahut kaam kiya gayaa haye. dnp3 protocol iec 62351-5 key anuroop haye. kuchh vikreta internet protocol-adharit sanchaar key liye serial sanchaar yaa aabhaasi niji network key liye bump-inn-dha-wire key madhyam seey encryption kaa samarthan karate hain. sabse lokpriya bump-inn-dha-wire vidhiyon mein seey ack mool roop seey 2003 mein aeye. jee. aeye.-12 (american gais association) key roop mein shuru hui, joe baad mein aaee. ee. ee. ee. st. dee. bunn gaee. . iss maanak koo baad mein 27 march, 2014 koo vaapas leey liya gayaa thaa.
dnp3 protocol koo aaee. ee. ee. ee. std mein bhee sandarbhit kiya gayaa haye. aaee. ee. ee. ee. 1379-2000, joe aadhunik scada master-aar. tii. yuu./aaee. ee. dee. sanchaar link koo lagu karane key liye sarvottam prathaon key ack samooh kii sifarish kartaa haye. inmein kewal kootlekhan hii naheen balki anya prathaaen bhee shamil hain joe jaane-maane ghuspaith key tarikon key khilaf suraksha koo badhaati hain.
aaee. ee. see. 62351-3 key anusaar, parivahan parat suraksha key saath dee. aine. pee. 3 kaa upayog karane kii anushansa kii jaati haye.
takniki vivaran.
dnp3 protocol mein mahatvapurna visheshtaen hain joe ise adhik jatilata kii laagat parr modbus jaise puraane protocol kii tulanaa mein adhik majboot, kushal aur antar-sanchaalit banaati hain.
network key liye oh. aiss. aaee. model key sandarbh mein, dee. aine. pee. 3 ack parat 2 protocol koo nirdisht kartaa haye. yeh upayogkarta detta key liye bahugunan, detta vikhandan, truti jaanch, link niyantran, prathamikta aur parat 2 sambodhit sevaayen pradaan kartaa haye. yeh ack parivahan kaary (kuchh hudd taka parat 4 key kaary key samaan) aur ack anuprayog parat (parat 7) koo bhee paribhaashit kartaa haye joe samanya scada anuprayogon key liye upayukt karyon aur samanya detta prakaron koo paribhaashit kartaa haye. dnp3 frame dridhata seey milata-julata haye, lekin iec 60870-5 ft3 frame key samaan naheen haye. yeh trutiyon kaa pataa lagaane key liye chakreeya atirek jaanch code kaa bhaari upayog kartaa haye.
behtar bandwidth dakshata ghatana unmukh detta reporting key madhyam seey poori kii jaati haye. doorasth terminal ikai detta binduon kii nigrani karati haye aur ghatnaaon koo utpann karati haye jaba yeh nirdhaarit kartaa haye kii detta kii soochana dee jaani chaahiye (udaaharan key liye, jaba yeh moolya badalata haye). inn ghatnaaon koo pratyek koo teen buffers mein seey ack mein rakhaa jaataa haye, joe "varg" 1,2 aur 3 seey judey hotey hain. inke alawa, varg 0 koo "sthir" yaa nigrani kiye gaye detta kii vartamaan sthiti key roop mein paribhaashit kiya jaataa haye.
doorasth terminal ikai seey shuru mein poochtaachh kii jaati haye kii dnp3 kyaa kahata haye "akhandata sarvekshan" (varg 1,2,3 aur 0 detta kaa sanyukt paath). yeh doorasth terminal ikai koo sabhi buffer kiye gaye karyakramon aur sabhi sthir bindu detta koo master station koo bhejane kaa kaaran banata haye. isake baad, kaksha 1, kaksha 2 yaa kaksha 3 koo padhkar karyakram key aankadon key liye master poul. kakshaon key padhane koo ack saath kiya jaa sakata haye yaa pratyek kaksha koo alag-alag darr parr padhaa jaa sakata haye, joe vibhinn vargon key liye alag-alag reporting prathmiktaon koo banaane key liye ack tantra pradaan kartaa haye. ack satyanishtha sarvekshan key baad, kewal mahatvapurna detta parivartan bheje jaate hain. isake parinamswarup matdan kii tulanaa mein harr samay, mahatvapurna roop seey adhik uttardaayi detta punarpraapti hoe sakati haye, chaahe vaha kaafee badal gayaa hoe.
doorasth terminal ikai koo bhee swachaalit roop seey varg 1,2, yaa 3 detta kii report karane key liye configure kiya jaa sakata haye, jaba yeh upalabdh hoe jaataa haye.
dnp3 protocol ack rtu key saath samay samanvaya kaa samarthan kartaa haye. dnp protocol mein sabhi bindu detta vastuon key samay parr muhar vaale roop hain taaki kabhi-kabhi rtu matdan key saath bhee, chunaavon key beach joe huaa usake anukram kaa punarnirmaan karane key liye paryaapt detta praapt karna abhee bhee sambhav haye.
dnp3 protocol mein samanya bindu-unmukh vastuon kaa ack paryaapt pustakalaya haye. iss vyaapak pustakalaya kaa dhyaan anya vastuon parr bitt-mapping detta kii aavashyakta koo samaapt karna thaa, jaisa kii aksar kaee modbus installation mein kiya jaataa haye. udaaharan key liye, floating point number sanskaran upalabdh hain, isaliye 16 bitt rajistaron kii ack jodee parr sankhya koo mapp karane kii koee aavashyakta naheen haye. yeh anukulata mein sudhaar kartaa haye aur antargrahan jaisi samasyaon koo samaapt kartaa haye.
dnp3 protocol key liye ack doorasth terminal ikai ack chhota, saral antarnihit upkaran hoe sakata haye, yaa yeh upkaran seey bharaa ack badaa, jatil rack hoe sakata haye. dnp upayogkarta samooh ney rtu anupaalan key liye protocol key upasamuchchay key chaar star sthaapit kiye hain. dnp upayogkarta samooh ney star 1 aur 2 key liye pareekshan prakriyaaen prakaashit kii hain, joe sabse saral karyanvayan hain.
protocol majboot, kushal aur upkaranon kii ack vistrit shrinkhala key saath sangat haye, lekin samay key saath adhik jatil aur sookshm hoe gayaa haye. teji seey maang vaale audyogik anuprayog chunauti kaa hissa hain. isake alawa, scada avadhaaranaaen takniki roop seey saral hain lekin kshetra anuprayog joe kaee prakaar key upkaranon koo ekikrit karate hain, vikreta karyanvayan mein bhinnataon key kaaran sthaapit karane yaa samasya nivaaran key liye jatil hoe sakate hain.
aaee. ee. ee. mankikaran.
aaee. ee. ee. ney 23 julaai, 2010 koo dee. aine. pee. 3 koo aaee. ee. ee. ee. st. dee. 1815-2010 key roop mein apanaaya. aaee. ee. ee. ee. st. dee. 1815 koo dee. aine. pee. upayogkarta samooh seey atirikt input key saath aaee. ee. ee. ee. power aind energy society kii sancharan aur vitaran samiti aur substation samiti dwara saha-praayojit kiya gayaa thaa.
aprail 2012 mein, aaee. ee. ee. ney prakaashan key liye std 1815-2012 koo manjuri dee. aaee. ee. ee. ee. st. dee. 1815-2010 koo apasrit curr diyaa gayaa haye. maanak key 2012 sanskaran mein surakshit pramanikaran sanskaran 5 key liye suvidhaaen shamil hain. aaee. ee. ee. ee. 1815-2010 mein surakshit pramanikaran kaa pichla sanskaran kewal poorv-saajha kunjiyon kaa upayog kartaa haye. nayaa sanskaran saarvajanik pramukh buniyaadi dhaanche kaa upayog karane mein saksham haye, aur yeh doorasth pramukh parivartanon kii suvidha pradaan kartaa haye.

