swindon kaa itihas

swindon ingland key dakshin paschim mein wiltshire kaa ack shahar haye. kansya yug seey loga shahar mein reh rahey hain aur shahar kaa sthaan, bristol aur landan key beach lagbhag aadhaa honey key kaaran, 19 veen shatabdi mein mahaan paschimi railway key locomotive karkhanon key liye ise ack aadarsh sthaan banaa diyaa.
swindon kii aabaadi 1801 mein sirf 1,198 seey badhkar 2001 mein 150,000 seey adhik hoe gaee haye.
poorv-itihas.
aadhunik swindon shahar ack pahaadi parr aur usake aspas banaaya gayaa haye joe samudra tala seey oopar haye, jise abb swindon pahaadi key roop mein jaanaa jaataa haye. marlboro down key uttar mein aur safed ghode kii ghaati key dakshini chhor parr, nadee cole aur anya taka pahunch key saath, isake sthaan ney ise krishi bhoomi key roop mein upayog key liye upayukt banaa diyaa.
pragaitihasik kaal seey pahaadi key aspas bastiyaan hain, lekin pahaadi parr "kabje" kaa koee spasht pramaan naheen milaa haye. swindon pahaadi key madhya bhaagon aur puraane shahar mein badey paimaane parr utkhanan kiya gayaa haye, vishesh roop seey perbeck patthar key bistar, jaisa kii kshetra key liye pahale british bhoovaigyaanik sarvekshan mein spasht roop seey pramaanit haye. kissy bhee thhos kilebandi kaa koee spasht pramaan naheen haye.
haalaanki, swindon key poorv khadaan sthalon key aspas khudai aur nirmaan karyon key dauran kansya yug key avasheshon sahit seemit pragaitihasik khojon kaa pataa chalaa haye, jisamen sujhaae gaye dafan, chakmak key upkaran aur mitty key bartan shamil hain. baad mein lauh yug kii kalaakritiyaan bhee millie hain. kull milakar puraane shahar key kshetra mein jeevit rahane kii seemit sambhavana haye, lekin joe bachaa haye vaha sthaaniya roop seey praasangik haye.
swindon pahaadi key aspas puraataatvik khudai seey poorv-roman kheton kaa pataa chalaa haye aur 1970 key dashak mein swindon key uttar mein nichale ilaakon mein ack atirikt lauh yug key khet parisar kii khoj kii gaee thee. paas mein vibhinn smaarak aur mitty key kaam hain, jinamen liddington mahal, barbury mahal, avebari aur uffington, hackpain aur marlbero key safed ghode shamil hain.
baad key pragaitihasik vyavasaay key alawa, puraane shahar key aspas kii pahaadi parr madhyapashan gatividhi koo sambhaavit maanaa jaa sakata haye, lekin abb shaharikaran key kaaran saboot khou jaane kii bahut sambhavana haye. madhyapashan aur anya chakmak khojon kaa ack samooh (sthal aur smaarak record aur aitihaasik paryaavaran record) jurassic bahirgaman dwara banaai gaee nichali katakon key saath soochibaddh hain, joe puraane shahar key neeche haye, jisake paschim chhor parr utkhanan kiya gayaa thaa. isamen saarvajanik udyaan key aspas kaa ack kshetra shamil haye jise lonn kahaa jaataa haye, joe puraane shahar key poorv mein ack dhaara channel key donon or faila huaa haye. purani dhaara key dakshin aur paschim mein uchch bhoomi parr vibhinn bhawan nirmaan karyon seey yeye khojen millie hain. aage key sthalon aur smarakon key abhilekhon seey pataa chalata haye kii madhyapashan aur anya pragaitihasik shilastambhon kii pehchaan kaee sthaanon parr kii gaee haye joe swindon pahaadi (sabse oonche aur sabse paschimi hisse mein) seey dakshin-paschim mein coet watter country park seey parey, coat stone circle key karib, aur dorkan dhaara key poorv mein hain.
wiltshire puraataatvik aur praakritik itihas samaaj aur pragaitihasik samaaj key ack sadasya aeye dee pasmore ney vartamaan saarvajanik udyaan key uttar mein thodi adhik oonchi jameen parr, lonn kii vartamaan uttari seema seey parey kaheen ack sambhaavit sarsen patthar kii setting kaa ullekh kiya, lekin abb 19 veen aur 20 veen shatabdi key shaharikaran mein khou gayaa. unhone kshetra key aspas vibhinn anya patthar kii vyavasthaon aur panktiyon kaa bhee ullekh kiya, joe sabhi spasht roop seey sthit naheen hain, lekin aadhunik coat watter country park key aspas kii visheshtaon koo shamil karate hain. pasmore kii vyakhya kii sthiti parr puraataatvik raay alag haye, kuchh logon kaa sujhaav haye kii sabhi patthar praakritik they, aur sambhavatah sarsen aniyamit pattharon key sett, sambhavatah lambe samay taka ghulansheel chaak seey ack antaral jamaa key roop mein praapt kiye gaye they aur sambhavatah bahut pracheen himnadon dwara sthanantarit kiye gaye they. haalaanki, yeh ullekhaniya haye kii pasmore dwara nott kiye gaye kewal patthar joe shaharikaran, twarit utkhanan aur anya vinash seey butch gaye hain, coat patthar vritt banaate hain. yeh angreji viraasat dwara sanrakshit haye, aur agyaat tithi kaa ack patthar kaa vritt maanaa jaataa haye. yeh spasht naheen haye kii kyaa sabhi patthar vaastav mein apane sabse lambe aksh parr khade they, jisase vritt sambhaavit roop seey khade pattharon key bajaay ack recombent patthar key vritt key samaan hoe gayaa thaa. pattharon kaa jeevit paripath mitty mein achchi tarah seey dafnaya gayaa haye, jisamen kewal nimn aur chaude sheersh dikhaai dete hain. bahut seemit kshetra jaanch hui haye, lekin isamen ack bhubhautikiya sarvekshan shamil haye.
coat patthar key vritt key paschim aur dakshin mein, thodi oonchi jameen parr, oxford puraatatva ikai aur wessex puraatatva ikai ney 2006 aur 2007 mein fieldwalking key madhyam seey paae gaye madhyapashan khojon key ack badey prasaar kii pehchaan kii aur report kii. yeh wiltshire key aitihaasik paryaavaran record mein "coat tealey" key roop mein soochibaddh ack visheshta key karib haye. coat patthar key vritt key thheek poorv mein dorkan dhaara kaa vartamaan channel roop haye, joe dakshin key aspas key kshetra seey kaee chhote lekin sakriya praakritik jharanon mein seey ack key roop mein utpann hotaa haye, badbury wick mein pahaadi key aspas, joe swayam kansya yug key vyavasaay kaa ack sthal haye. dorcan dhaara key purvi bhaag seey parey, jameen oopar uthati haye, aur paschim kii or dhalaan key sheersh/kinare parr, dhaara key oopar seey ack drishya key saath, aur coat patthar key vritt key kshetra kii or, 2014 mein awas vikas key dauran madhyapashan khojon kaa ack aur sanyojan baramad kiya gayaa thaa, saath hii kansya yug key daah sanskar aur ack chattan-cutt khaai sahit anya pragaitihasik gatividhi key pramaan bhee mille they.
aitihaasik paryaavaran abhilekh mahaan paschimi aspatal key sthal key aspas kansya yug key bikhare hue vyavasaay key aur saboot dikhaate hain. haalaanki, charcha kiye gaye kshetron key liye spasht navpashan sakshya kaafee seemit hain. lohe key yug key vyavasaay kii pehchaan kii gaee haye aur coat patthar key vritt key uttar mein kheton mein khudai kii gaee haye, aur paas key goal bairo visheshtaon kaa sarvekshan kiya gayaa haye. coat patthar key vritt key turant uttar mein mitty key karyon key aage key sarvekshan seey pataa chalata haye kii madhyayugeen basti key avashesh madhyayugeen gaanv key prakaar key hain. isake alawa, ack roman-british khet coat patthar key ghere key dakshin mein nichale kheton mein sthit haye.
swindon mein roman.
pahali seey chauthi shatabdi taka swindon key poorv mein durocornovium naamak ack roman shahar maujood thaa, joe vartamaan vanbaro mein sthit haye. yeh sambhav haye kii swindon ney roman kabje key shuruati dinon mein ack sainya shivir seey judee ack basti key roop mein jeevan shuru kiya thaa.
abb joe sthaan swindon haye, vaha dou roman sadakon key sangam parr thaa, ack dakshin mein cyrencester seey marlbero kii or aur doosara dakshin poorv kii or silchester kii or jaataa haye (ermin maarg dekhein). saboot yeh dikhaane key liye maujood hain kii iss samay swindon kii khadanon kaa upayog vilaa key liye patthar banaane key liye kiya jaataa thaa aur safed pahaadi kshetra (abb paschimi swindon) seey mitty kaa upayog "safed godam" mitty key bartan banaane key liye kiya jaataa thaa.
chauthi shatabdi key kabristanon koo purton mein paaya gayaa haye, lekin sabse mahatvapurna khoj 1996 mein kii gaee thee, jaba bhoo-kuein key riz key kshetra koo vikasit karane vaale thekedaaron ney roman imaraton kii dafan divaaron koo ujagar kiya thaa. imaraton key ack badey parisar key saath ack mahaan mahatva kaa sthal, ack hypocost (under-flore heating kii ack pranali, aamtaur parr roman snan gharon key hisse key roop mein paaee jaati haye), divaaron koo chitrit plaster seey dhakaa huaa aur ack saavdhaanipoorvak design aur nirmit paani kii aapoorti key roop mein varnit haye.", yeh kshetra abb swindon baro council aur angreji viraasat key swaamitva mein haye, aur ack anusoochit pracheen smaarak key roop mein sanrakshit haye. 28 aur 29 juuna 2003 koo iss sthal koo channel 4 key puraataatvik television karyakram "time team" key hisse key roop mein isake 'bigg digg' saptahant mein dikhaaya gayaa thaa.
anglo-saxon.
5veen shatabdi mein rome key liye senaaon key vaapas bulaaye jaane key saath, swindon key aspas roman bastiyon mein teji seey girawat aaee. haalaanki german basane vaale pahale maujood hoe sakate hain, lekin paschimi saxon 5 veen shatabdi mein dakshin tata seey aage badhe aur kathit taur parr 556 mein barbury mahal mein, bernberg kii ladaai key baad swindon koo apane niyantran mein leey aae.
591 mein wanbaro mein deshi roman-britton key khilaf ack aur ladaai kii kuchh sambhavana haye. daavaa kiya gayaa haye kii 717 mein marasiya key raajaa seolard aur wessex key raajaa inn key beach wanbaro mein ack aur ladaai ladee gaee thee, aur yeh kshetra 825 mein abhee bhee vivaad mein thaa jaisa kii elandun kii ladaai dwara pradarshit kiya gayaa thaa.
paschimi saxons ney swindon pahaadi kii choti parr adharit ack krishi samudaay kaa nirmaan kiya, jisamen lakadi key frame vaale avashesh aur bajar key chauk key paas paaee jaane vaali plaster jhopadiyon key avashesh they. anglo-saxon mitty key bartan aur kapade seey pataa chalata haye kii shahar abhee bhee 6 veen aur 7 veen shatabdi mein kabja curr liya gayaa thaa.
anglo-saxon ney paridrishya aur aspas key vatavaran parr kaee sthaayi nishan chhode, jisamen sthaaniya sthaanon aur visheshtaon key naam aur antatah swindon kaa bhavishya kaa naam shamil haye, joe sambhavatah "suar" key liye "swine" aur "pahaadi" key liye "down" shabdon seey liya gayaa haye.
madhyayugeen swindon.
1086 mein gumbad kii pustak mein "suindon" aur "suindun" donon key roop mein darj, basti kaa aaklan 123/4 hydes parr kiya gayaa thaa aur ise paanch holdings mein vibhajit kiya gayaa thaa. sabse badee pakad, meal chrispin aur odeen dha chamberlain key swaamitva key tahat, baad mein uchch swindon kii jagir key roop mein jaani jaati thee. paanch khaal, jinhen netharkot kii jagir key roop mein jaanaa jaataa haye, key swaamitva mein odo, biox key bishap, kent key earl aur raajaa villium key aadhe bhaai vijeta they. gumbad kii pustak mein darj anya bhukhand paschimi swindon mein hain, jahan 2 chhatari ulward dwara aur 11⁄2 marlboro key alvard dwara rakhee gaee thee. walkote mein chhoti sampattiyan, yahaan taka kii swindon aur jhaadoo bhee ullekhaniya hain.
itali mein ack sainya abhiyaan kii yojana banaane key liye odo key karawas key baad, 13 veen shatabdi mein heinry III key shasankal taka hyee swindon taaj mein vaapas aaa gayaa, jisane ise villium dee valence, pembroke key earl koo dey diyaa. villium dee valence key swaamitva key tahat yeh darj kiya gayaa haye kii 1259 mein, pahala pralekhit bajar swindon mein aayojit kiya gayaa thaa.
swindon key liye sansad key pahale darj sadasya johnn wildelfe aur richard parnant hain, joe 1295 mein raajaa edward I key model sansad key liye chune gaye they. swindon 1660 mein cricklade key nirvaachan kshetra kaa hissa bunn gayaa. (swindon mein sarkaar kaa itihas bhee dekhein.)
1334 mein shahar mein 248 chunaav curr daataa they.
shahar kii sabse purani darj kii gaee sadak newport street haye, joe pashu bajar (dinank 1346) key paas haye, jise mool roop seey "newport" street kahaa jaataa haye jiska arth haye "nayaa bajar". aadhunik samay kii newport street mein kuchh gharon key tahakhaane iss yug key hain.
14veen shatabdi key dauran, uchch swindon kii jagir koo "heggerswindon" key roop mein jaanaa jaataa thaa. uchch swindon ney shayed sabhi manners kaa sabse cumm vikas dekhaa haye, joe 19veen shatabdi taka kaafee hudd taka aparivartit rhaa haye.
1086 seey aage kii avadhi key dauran, uchch aur paschimi swindon kii seemaon koo over aur nether swindon mein phir seey vyavasthit kiya gayaa, jise 16veen shatabdi mein paschim aur purvi swindon key roop mein jaanaa jaane lagaa. netharkot usee shatabdi mein eastkot aur westcoat key manners bunn gaye. eastkot koo 18veen shatabdi mein villet parivaar dwara kharida gayaa thaa (abb aaj key shahar mein eastkot pahaadi dwara chihnit) aur westcoat koo 18veen shatabdi mein goddard parivaar dwara kharida gayaa thaa. 1563 mein, swindon (poorv aur paschim swindon) kii jagir thomas goddard dwara kharidi gaee thee. khareed key samay, swindon kii arthavyavastha krishi key ird-gird ghoomati thee, dakshin mein bhed key khet, uttar mein suar aur maveshi, shahar mein charmkaar aur oona banaane vaalon jaise vyaapaar dwara samarthit they.
1700 kaa dashak.
1705 mein ack church kii ganana (ack prakaar kii 'anuman janganana', isai church dwara kiye gaye 25 varshon key vikas kaa anuman) kii gaee thee. swindon key liye aankade-600 purush, mahila, bachche aur 26 mukt dhaarak. abb bhagwan key paas poori tarah seey swindon kii jagir haye, aur jagir key sahee malik honey key kaaran-kiraaye, patton aur karadhan seey unaki aaya mein vriddhi hui. 1717 mein, michael divas mein lord off manner key kaaran 45 kirayedar aur 34 pattadharakon (michael parr deya kiraya aur lease key liye lady day) koo kiraaye key liye nirdhaarit kiya jaataa haye. usa samay key ack record seey pataa chalata haye-'richard york, "apane ghar key liye ack varsh mein aathh pence kaa bhugtan karate hue".
shahar key liye rajaswa key mukhya srot abb krishi, pashudhan aur utkhanan seey they, jisamen chhote vistaar aur ghar-nirmaan key liye patthar pradaan karane key liye purbek patthar kii khadanon parr kaam kiya jaa rhaa thaa.
pahali gair-bajar dukaanen bhee iss avadhi key aspas dikhaai deen, joe vishuddh roop seey vastu-vinimay sanchaalit arthavyavastha seey lagaatar door chala rahee theen, jisamen 1705 mein uchch sadak parr bajar seey swatantra roop seey pahala darj kiraane kaa saman robbert aur margaret boxwell ney khola thaa. yeh vyavasaay cumm seey cumm 50 varshon taka chalaa, usa samay key record seey pataa chalata haye kii way landan seey chaay aur cheeni kaa ayaat curr rahey they.
1700 seey 1900 taka key swindon key maanviya abhilekhon seey pataa chalata haye kii kaee parivaaron ney kaheen aur bhaagya kii talash karane key bajaay yahaan rehna chunaa-'swindon ack aisaa shahar naheen thaa jahan seey isake nivasi aasaani seey chaley gaye yaa badal gaye'.
1701 mein shahar key sabse badey niyokta khadaan they, jinamen 15 khurdara mistri yaa patthar kaatane vaale aur 40 mazdoor soochibaddh they.
manorrheal record mein shahar key nimnalikhit vyapariyon/parivaaron koo bhee nott kiya gayaa haye -
chaar becker, chaar kasai, paanch sarjamin dhaarak, 1 cooper, 1 mercer, 1 draper, 1 glover, 1 currier, 1 saddler, 3 bunkar. 20 naukar, 4 darji, 10 mochi, 4 lohar, 2 badhai, 1 jhoomar, 1 cheez factor, 1 joiner, 2 slatter, 1 wheelright, 1 ironmonger, 1 glazier aur 1 sarjan.
usa samay ausat aahar mein rotty, maans aur bear shamil hotey hain.
sadaken.
khadanon key vistaar aur turnpike adhiniyam (1706) kii shuruat key saath, shahar mein chaar mukhya pravesh sadakon koo 1751 aur 1775 key beach turnpike mein badal diyaa gayaa thaa. 1757 mein swindon seey farringdon sadak aur 1761 mein swindon seey marlboro sadak poori hui thee.
strayton sent margaret, marlbero, davies, wooton basset aur cricklade kii sadakon parr toll house bhee lagaae gaye they.
rodbourne chenny aur lidiard key nivasi sadak maarg key madhyam seey swindon mein aae joe shau aur rushe plate koo kinghill key dwaar seey jodate they.
shulk raashi gaadi key prakaar, upayog kiye gaye ghodon kii sankhya aur pahiyon kii chaudaai (kyonki sankeern pahiyon seey sadak koo adhik nuksan huaa) parr nirbhar karati haye.
sadakon koo saaf rakhaa gayaa aur achchi marammat key liye shahar key logon koo nilami kii gaee joe sambhavatah 'sadak khurdara aur khurdara' (khaad aadi) betch sakate they.).
yeh pratha cumm seey cumm 1846 taka jaari rahee, usa samay nilamikartaon ney bikri key liye lott prakaashit kiye
"1, swindon seey laker kinghill key sheersh taka. 2, vahaan seey nahar taka. 3, vahaan seey mannington mein haath kii chauki taka. 4, vahaan seey safed pahaadi parr pahaadi key maathe taka. 5, vahaan seey lodge gett taka. 6, vahaan seey agburn copice key paschim koney taka. 7, vahaan seey chauthe meal-patthar taka. 8, vahaan seey gett taka, aine ruddler key kabje mein. 9, vahaan seey villium vaat dwara sadak paar karane vaali paani kii dhaara taka. 10, vahaan seey turnpike gett taka. 11, vahaan seey wooton basset key baro taka. swindon parrish road. 12, shree blackford key koney seey ghaat pull taka, aur 13, swindon shahar kii sabhi sadakon koo khurchana aur jhaadana."
13, shahar kii sadaken honey key naate sabse adhik kaam aur sabse achchha puraskar bhee pradaan karati hain. iss lott key liye atirikt shartein nirdhaarit kii gaee theen, jisamen pratyek guruwar aur shaniwar koo jhaadoo hataane kii aavashyakta bhee shamil thee. iss samay bajar somwar koo aayojit kiye jaate they, isaliye guruwar koo sadak parr ack samriddh aavaran hotaa.
goddard parivaar-swindon kii jagir key swami.
15veen shatabdi seey pahale swindon key bheetar goddard parivaar kii sthaapana hui thee. upaham key thomas goddard ney 1563 mein jagir kaa adhigrahan kiya aur unakaa vanshaj parivaar 20veen shatabdi taka jagir kaa malik thaa. iss estate mein vaha kshetra shamil thaa jise aaj lonn key roop mein jaanaa jaataa haye, aur yeh hyee street aur christchurch key sthal seey ghiraa huaa thaa.
22 janwari 1658 koo thomas goddard key sanrakshak francis bowman ney ack mahal koo patte parr diyaa, joe haal hii mein swindon mein annie goddard dwara kabja kiya gayaa thaa, villium levet koo, ack darbari joe raajaa charles key saath usake nishpaadan key liye gayaa thaa. unake beton mein landan charterhouse key chikitsak heinry levet shamil they; levet kaa betaa villium magdlean holl, oxford kaa principle thaa aur baad mein bristol kaa deane thaa.) baad mein goddard parivaar ney levet koo patte parr diyaa, jisane apane khet koo severneck vann key bheetar banaae rakhaa, aur swindon mein anya bhoomi koo shamil karane key liye aaya. taba taka levet duke off somerset key liye sarvekshak key roop mein kaam curr rhaa thaa. 5 aprail 1664 key patte mein, patte mein likhaa haye kii "park aadi."isamen goddard haveli bhee shamil haye. levet key dou bachchon koo swindon mein pavitra rudd church mein dafnaya gayaa haye.
goddard purush vansh key antim, mejar fitzroy playdale goddard, ack rajanyik, kii 1927 mein mrityu hoe gaee. unaki vidhwa, eugenia cathleen, ney 1931 mein swindon chhod diyaa. isake baad, yeh ghar taba taka khaali rhaa jaba taka kii dwiteeya vishva yuddh key dauran british aur americi balon dwara kabja naheen curr liya gayaa thaa. senaa dwara kshatigrast, ise 1947 mein swindon nigam dwara mukut seey 16,000 pound mein kharida gayaa thaa. bikri mein bhoomi, jagir ghar aur nikatvarti pavitra chhat church shamil they. 1952 taka ghar koo hii dhwast curr diyaa gayaa thaa. jagir key maidanon koo udyaan key roop mein khola gayaa thaa aur way aise hii baney hue hain. aaj lakadi, jheel, duba huaa bagicha, divaaron key tatva aur lonn key pravesh dwaar parr dwaar sabhi janata key liye khule hain. poorv astabal abb plank nilami ghar hain.
bazar.
swindon kii arthavyavastha, poorv-pramukh roop seey varshon seey, bhoomi, krishi aur pashudhan baajaron parr nirbhar rahee haye.
villium dee valence, pembroke kaa earl (heinry III kaa 1⁄2 bhaai) 1259 seey swindon mein ack bajar aayojit karane key roop mein darj kiya gayaa haye. inn records seey yeh naam pahali baar dikhaai detaa haye, saath hii 1289 mein 'chapping swindon' aur 1336 mein 'market swindon'.
halanki 1626 mein thomas goddard koo ack saptahik bajar aur ack varsh mein dou melon kii anumati dee gaee thee, lekin 1640 taka swindon mein bajar mein girawat aaee thee. haalaanki 1652 mein ack pashu plaig ney paas key uchch moolya koo chhuaa, jisase swindon key pashudhan kii bikri mein vriddhi hui.
1672 mein, johnn aubrey ney tippani kii, "yahaan harr saptah somwar koo maveshiyon key liye ack veertapurna bajar haye, joe plaig key uchch moolya parr apane nae mahaan logon taka badh gayaa."
swindon bajar 1718 taka poore wiltshire mein aayojit 32 saptahik baajaron mein seey ack thaa.
1814 mein, johnn britton swindon seey hocker gujare aur shahar mein 1,600 logon aur 263 gharon koo darj kiya. unhone saptahik makai bajar, pakhwade key pashu bajar aur niyamit ghode kii bikri key baare mein bhee likhaa. haalaanki, 19veen shatabdi key madhya taka pashu bajar mein bahut cumm upasthiti thee.
1873 mein bajar koo punarjeevit karane kii koshish key liye ack nayaa pashu bajar sthal banaaya gayaa thaa, ack aisaa sthal joe 1980 key dashak key anta taka banaa rhaa jaba antim nilami aayojit kii gaee thee. aadhunik swindon mein abb pashu bajar naheen haye.
1800 key dashak-naharen aur bhaap.
19veen shatabdi mein swindon key vikas kii shuruat hui, pahale naharon key madhyam seey aur baad mein railway key kaaran. jinn parivartanon ney shatabdi kii pahali chhamaahi mein shaharon kii aabaadi koo doguna karane mein madad kii, 1801 mein 1,198 seey 1841 mein 2,495 taka. sthaaniya khadanon seey patthar kaa upayog karke snan sadak key saath nae gharon key nirmaan key saath, swindon ack vishuddh roop seey krishi shahar seey door jaanaa jaari rakhaa.
haalaanki, yeh 1830 mein kiye jaa rahey ack avalokan koo naheen roque sakaa kii swindon "dou pramukh sadakon kaa ack shahar thaa."aur" uchch moolya key mahatvapurna bajar shahar key paas pahaadi key shikhar parr koee mahatva naheen vaalaa ack chhota saa gaanv."
inn naharon koo baad mein 19veen shatabdi key madhya mein mahaan paschimi railway key karyon aur nae swindon key nirmaan dwara pratisthaapit kiya gayaa.
19veen shatabdi kii shuruat mein swindon abhee bhee mukhya roop seey swindon pahaadi key sheersh parr kendrit thaa, kuchh farmhouse, cottage aur chhote ghar isake aadhar key chaaron or bikhare hue they. aaj key upnagaron mein coat, brome, westleys, walcott, roose plaat (baad mein rushe plaat), westcoat, eastkot, rodbourne chenny, vestalekot aur kings hill sabhi abhee bhee chhote chhote gaanv they. inmein seey kaee abb shahar key kendra mein maane jaane vaale kshetron mein hain.
eastcott nae swindon kaa kendra bunn gayaa, jisamen wilts aur berks kainal company ney swindon ghaat aur basti key thheek uttar mein kaee nahar imaraton kaa nirmaan kiya. regent circus ack poorv bageeche aur ack saarvajanik ghar haye jise laal gaay kahaa jaataa haye (abb mool sthal key paas laal gaay naamak vartamaan pub mein maanyata praapt haye).
1806 mein ack khet taka pahunch pradaan karane key liye nahar key paar rakhaa gayaa ack pull baad mein golden lyon brij bunn gayaa, joe abb nahar parr chalane parr swindon key mukhya kharidari kshetra key kendra mein sthit haye. 1840 taka, jise aaj swindon shahar key kendra key roop mein jaanaa jaataa haye, vaha khet aur khet they.
perbeck patthar kii khadaanen.
17veen shatabdi key madhya seey 18veen shatabdi key anta taka, swindon kii arthavyavastha mein perbeck patthar (ack prakaar kaa choona patthar) khadanon key dohan key saath vriddhi honey luggy.
inn khadanon key patthar kaa upayog roman kabje key samay seey kiya jaataa rhaa haye, iss kshetra mein roman vilaa aur bastiyon mein swindon patthar paaya gayaa haye.
1641 seey pralekhit kaary jeevit hain, jisamen sabhi nae utkhanan koo goddard parivaar dwara sweekrit aur curr lagaaya gayaa haye. 1775-1800 avadhi key dauran khadanon mein girawat aaee, lekin wilt aur berk nahar key nirmaan key dauran phir seey badh gaee. nahar kii divaaron, imaraton key nirmaan mein patthar kaa upayog kiya jaataa thaa aur iska upayog karke niryaat bhee kiya jaataa thaa. 1820 mein, 101 tunn swindon patthar koo nahar key saath leey jaaya gayaa thaa. 1845 mein railway kii shuruat key saath yeh 44 tunn taka gir gayaa; haalaanki, mahaan paschimi railway bhavanon aur swindon nae shahar key nirmaan ney patthar key utpaadan mein punrutthan dekhaa. 1950 key dashak key anta mein aadhunik shahar mein raani udyaan aur nagar udyaanon key sthaanon mein dou khadanon key sthalon key saath utkhanan gatividhi poori tarah seey bund hoe gaee. poorv ocus khadaan kaa sthal abb vishesh vaigyaanik ruchi kaa ack sanrakshit sthal haye.
naharen.
1775 mein, sansad kaa ack adhiniyam paarit kiya gayaa thaa jisamen wilts aur berks nahar key nirmaan koo adhikrit kiya gayaa thaa. ack jalmarg joe semington mein kennet aur avon nahar koo, trobridge key paas abindon mein themus nadee seey jodega.."yeh 1804 mein swindon taka pahuncha aur 1810 mein abingdon. kull milakar, jalmarg kaa nirmaan kiya gayaa.
nahar ney swindon vyavsaayon aur kisaanon koo ack vyaapak kshetra mein maal parivahan karane mein saksham banaaya aur county key baahar seey nae nivaasiyon koo laaya, jinamen nausenaaen bhee shamil theen joe nahar kaa kaam puuraa honey key baad buss gaeen. usa samay swindon kii jagir key swami ambrose goddard, nahar company mein ack sharedharak they, aur isake antim maarg parr isaki kaee bhoomi khareed koo adhikrit kiya, joe bhoomi unake paas swayam thee.
1813 mein, sansad kaa ack aur adhiniyam paarit kiya gayaa thaa, jisamen themus aind severn kainal company aur wilts aind berks kainal company dwara swindon mein maujooda wilts aur berks kainal koo latton mein themus aur severn kainal key saath jodane kaa prastaav paarit kiya gayaa thaa. jalmarg aur baarah talabon seey yukt, yeh 1814 mein puuraa kiya gayaa thaa. donon naharon koo 1821 mein samekit kiya gayaa thaa aur wilts aind berks navigation company key tatvavdhan mein ack saath laaya gayaa thaa.
1822 mein shahar key dedh meal dakshin mein coat mein ack feeder jalaashay banaaya gayaa thaa. iss jalaashay koo swindon kshetra mein nahar koo naugamya star parr rakhane key liye banaaya gayaa thaa.
railway dwara parivahan kaa ack tez aur sastaa tarika pradaan karane key saath, nahar 1895 taka apekshaakrit aprayukt hoe gaee thee. 1908 mein ise khod liya gayaa thaa, lekin isake turant baad ise barbad ghoshit curr diyaa gayaa thaa. ise antatah "wilts aind berks kainal parityag adhiniyam, 1914" key tahat bund curr diyaa gayaa aur aanshik roop seey bharaa gayaa.
nahar key tatvon koo abhee bhee swindon mein dekhaa jaa sakata haye, jisamen maarg koo shahar key kendra mein nahar chalane key naam seey yaad kiya jaa rhaa haye. shahar key dakshin mein nahar key liye ack nayaa maarg vikas key adheen haye, jiska pahala khand 2011 mein wichelsto mein khola gayaa thaa.
brunal, railway aur swindon dha industrial giant.
jaisa kii 1830 mein bataaya gayaa thaa kii swindon abhee bhee ack shaant, bajar shahar thaa -
swindon landan seey assie meal, salisbury seey adtis, davies seey unnis aur marlboro seey gyaarah; wilts aur berks nahar key tata parr sukhad roop seey baithaa huaa ack bajar shahar haye, jisase iss sthaan key vyaapaar koo bahut suvidhajanak banaaya jaataa haye;-shree villium dunsford, jinka nivaas ghaat parr haye, adheekshak hain. church yard key buggle mein paani kaa ack achchha jharna haye, joe apane srot key pachas gaj key bheetar ack makai mill koo badal detaa haye; aur shahar key lagbhag dedh meal dakshin mein ack jalaashay haye, joe nahar kii aapoorti key liye sattar ekad seey oopar kii or faila huaa haye. 1821 kii janganana key anusaar, poore parrish kii aabaadi mein 1,580 nivasi shamil they.
mahaan paschimi railway key aaney key saath yeh ullekhaniya roop seey badalane vaalaa thaa.
1835 mein sansad ney landan aur bristol key beach ack railway key nirmaan koo manjuri dee, jisase isambard kingdam brunell koo mukhya engineer kii bhoomika millie.
yeh kaise swindon seey hocker gujra, iss baare mein kaee kahaaniyan hain, ack achchi tarah seey prasaarit mithak key saath kii brunal aur daniel gooch swindon pahaadi key uttar mein ack ghaati kaa sarvekshan curr rahey they aur brunal ney yaa tou ack patthar fenka yaa ack sandwich giraa diyaa aur usa sthaan koo karyon kaa nayaa sthaan ghoshit kiya.
locomotive karyon key baithane seey swindon ack chhote seey bajar shahar seey ack pramanik railway shahar mein badal gayaa, jisase aabaadi mein kaafee vriddhi hui aur chikitsa aur shaikshik suvidhaaen bhee pradaan kii gaeen jinaki bahut kamee thee.
railway kaam kartaa haye.
mahaan paschimi railway koo mool roop seey marlboro key paas severneck jangal seey kaatane kii yojana banaai gaee thee, halanki eilsbury key markes ney apatti jataai, joe bhoomi key malik they. markes ney pahale apani sampatti seey gujarane vaali kennet aur avon nahar key hisse parr bhee apatti jataai thee (broose surang dekhein).
iss bindu parr railway koo ack nahar key paas chalane kii aavashyakta thee, aur choonki iss samay naharon key saath trains key liye koyale kaa parivahan karna sastaa thaa, isaliye mool maarg key uttar mein kaam karane key liye swindon agala taarkik vikalp thaa.
ack baar jaba railway key swindon aaney kii yojana banaai gaee thee, tou pahale iska uddeshya ise pahaadi key tala key saath nikatata seey laana thaa, taaki atyadhik engineering karyon koo shamil kiye binaa shahar key jitna sambhav hoe utanaa karib hoe. haalaanki, goddard parivaar ney, markis (aur usa dinn key kaee anya bhoomi maalikon) key oopar uddhrit udaaharan kaa paalan karate hue, ise apani sampatti key paas rakhane parr apatti jataai, isaliye ise antatah kuchh meal aage uttar mein rakhaa gayaa.
antatah yeh nae swindon key nirmaan aur agale 50 varshon mein 10,000 seey adhik nae nivaasiyon key aagaman kaa kendra bindu bunn gayaa. "yeh avadhi swindon mein jee. doubleu. aar. key karyon kii abhootpoorv vriddhi thee, jahaan jee. doubleu. aar. prabandhan kissy bhee anya railway company kii tulanaa mein kaheen adhik kendrit thaa-unake adhikansh nirmaan, marammat aur seva sanchaalan. isake parinamswarup 19veen shatabdi key anta taka swindon mein astitva thaa, joe europe mein paaya jaane vaalaa sabse badaa audyogik parisar thaa."
apane charam parr, isane 14,000 seey adhik logon koo rojgar diyaa aur mukhya locomotive nirmaan karyashala, "ack dukaan", duniya key sabse badey cover kshetron mein seey ack thee.
swindon station.
1841 kii shuruat mein shahar seey gujarane vaale railway key saath, puraane swindon mein goddard arms public house kaa upayog ack station key badale mein railway booking karyalaya key roop mein kiya jaataa thaa. khareede gaye tikaton mein pahaadi key neeche patariyon taka ghode seey chalane vaali gaadi kaa kiraya shamil thaa.
1842 mein swindon railway station khola gayaa aur nirmaan kaary jaari rhaa.
railway gaanv aur nayaa swindon.
karkhane koo turant railway key nikat honah thaa, aur shramikon koo isake jitna sambhav hoe utanaa karib rakhna aavashyak thaa.
choonki usa samay swindon shahar pahaadi kii choti parr ack meal seey adhik door thaa, isaliye 1841 mein 300 gharon key ack mamuli railway gaanv kaa prastaav rakhaa gayaa thaa. swindon kii khadanon seey patthar kaa upayog karna shuru kiya gayaa thaa aur boxes surang key boaring key dauran khudai kiye gaye patthar seey bhee, 1853 taka 243 ghar poore hoe gaye they, jisamen shahar kii aabaadi 2,500 seey adhik honey kaa anuman thaa. sabhi 300 ghar 1860 key dashak key madhya taka poore hoe gaye they.
natijatan, ack nayaa shahar banaaya gayaa, jise nyu swindon key roop mein jaanaa jaataa haye. yeh shahar 1900 taka puraane swindon seey bhautik aur prashaasnik roop seey alag rahega.
1900 kaa dashak-boom town.
1900-1910-ack swindone.
22 janwari 1900 koo, raani victoria ney 9 navambar koo adhiniyamit swindon nagar nigam kaa darja dene vaale charter parr hastakshar kiye. charter ney puraane aur nae swindon koo ack shahar (1901 mein jansankhya 45,006) mein milaa diyaa, jisase donon adhikaariyon seey sansadhanon kaa pooling sambhav hoe gayaa. isane 1903 mein loer eastkot farm (abb nigam sadak mein sthit) mein naee parishad dwara kharidi gaee bhoomi parr ack vidyut bijli kendra kholane key liye paryaapt dhana pradaan kiya.
iska laabh uthaate hue, sitambar 1904 mein trams kii shuruat kii gaee.
1906 mein, swindon traum aapada hui. puraane shahar mein aayojit kiye jaa rahey snan aur paschimi show seey yaatriyon koo leey jaane vaale ack number 11 traum koo victoria pahaadi seey neeche gaadi chalaane mein break viphalata kaa saamana karna padaa aur regent circus mein durghatanagrast hoe gayaa, jisamen paanch logon kii maut hoe gaee.
wilts aur berks nahar kaa upayog bund hoe gayaa, aur iss varsh antim gujarane vaale pott koo darj kiya gayaa.
1910-1930-palayan, jhande kaa danga aur pahali parishad sampatti.
iss avadhi mein shahar ney bijli vitaran mein aasaani key liye traum maargon parr apana pahala cinema ghar banaaya.
swindon town aff.see. dakshini leag mein teen saal mein dou baar aff. aeye. cup key semifinal mein pahunche. shahar key khilaadi harrold fleaming koo ingland key liye 12 baar cap kiya gayaa thaa, jisamen unhone 9 baar score kiya thaa.
wilts aind berks nahar koo aupchaarik roop seey 1914 mein chhod diyaa gayaa thaa aur isake coat jall jalaashay koo ack anand udyaan mein badal diyaa gayaa thaa.
1919 mein, ack dhwajastambh yuddh smaarak una logon dwara shahar mein vyaapak dangon key liye prerana thee joe maanate they kii yeh yuddh key mritakon kaa anadar haye. jhande key khambhe koo baad mein jalaa diyaa gayaa aur antatah ack lakadi key kabristan dwara pratisthaapit kiya gayaa. maujooda patthar kaa smaarak 1920 mein pesh kiya gayaa thaa.
iss avadhi mein hurst farm kii site parr pinehurst mein pahali parishad awas sampatti kaa puuraa honah bhee dekhaa gayaa. naee sampatti key gharon mein bijli kii roshni aur snanghar jaisi vilasita shamil thee. developers ney ack sthaaniya shopping center, dakghar, samudayik kendra aur asthaayi school bhee pradaan kiye they.
swindon vigyapandata" aur "wiltshire, berkshire aur gluestershire chronicle" koo 1920 mein "swindon press" dwara kharida gayaa thaa aur "shaam kaa vigyapandata" bunn gayaa, abb "swindon vigyapandata". "itihas" koo aaj "wiltshire rajpatra aur herauld" key roop mein jaanaa jaataa haye.
1924 mein jee. doubleu. aar. railway karyon mein abb taka kaa sabse adhik rojgar dekhaa gayaa, jisamen 14,369 loga vibhinn karkhanon mein kaaryarat they. 28 aprail koo, raajaa george banaam aur raani mairi ney nirmaan mein 6000, raajaa george banaam kaa avalokan karate hue karyon kaa daura kiya.
swindon key jagirdar aur jagirdar key antim fitzroy playdale goddard ney 1927 mein apani antim mrityu seey pahale iss avadhi key dauran wiltshire key uchch sheriff key pada parr kaary kiya thaa. kewal 25 varshon key baad, 1929 mein swindon key trams koo bason dwara charanbaddh tareeke seey hataa diyaa gayaa thaa.
1930-1950-yuddh key varsh.
swindon koo 1931 mein apana pahala uddeshya-nirmit prasooti aspatal milaa, joe abb baath road key saath sthit kinghill house haye. isase pahale, kewal upalabdh suvidhaaen bheedbhaad vaale milton road jee. doubleu. aar. medical fund aspatal mein theen.
30 key dashak mein niji haathon mein adhik motor kaaren bhee dekhi gaeen, jisamen shahar key uddeshya seey town holl key peechhe kaar park banaaya gayaa thaa.
1934 aur 1935 key beach, puraane shahar kshetra mein phir seey vistaar shuru huaa, jisamen marlboro sadak key saath ghar aur estate banaae jaa rahey they, pratyek kii bikri £730 mein kii jaa rahee thee, aur saath hii walkote mein naee seedhidaar awas sampatti, jahaan ack ghar kii keemat £450 hogi.
yuddh kii ghoshana aur dwiteeya vishva yuddh kii shuruat key saath, 1939 mein visthaapit loga swindon pahunche. poore shahar mein churchon aur school holl mein sainikon koo tainaat kiya gayaa thaa, jisamen lonn mein tainaat british aur americi balon kii ack tukadi thee, jisase jagir ghar kii antatah upeksha hoe gaee. farringdon road park mein pedon key neeche khaai khodi gaee thee aur havaai-hamla aashray sthal jode gaye they kyonki yeh donon karyon aur railway gaanv key paas sthit thaa.
jee. doubleu. aar. kaary ack yuddh karkhana bunn gayaa, jisake parinamswarup swindon bambari key liye ack lakshya bunn gayaa, jisamen karyon key hooter kaa upayog shahar key havaai hamale key cyron mein seey ack key roop mein kiya gayaa.
juuna/julaai 1940 mein pahala havaai hamla alert jaari kiya gayaa aur swindon koo agast mein apana pahala bumm milaa. upkaran shreevenham sadak key peechhe gir gayaa aur koee ghayal naheen huaa. octuber mein, york road aur roseberry street parr bamon ney shahar kii pahali mauton kaa kaaran banaa.
yuddhakaaleen samudaay key liye manoranjan pradaan karane key liye, shahar kaa pahala saarvajanik pustakalaya 1943 mein senaa kii madad seey regent street mein khola gayaa thaa. isake baad 1946 mein ack kalaa kendra key saath, joe regent street parr bhee thaa.
1950-1970-aadhunikikaran, vistaar aur sabhaa.
yuddh key baad, swindon mein nae nivaasiyon kii aamad aur dwiteeya vishva yuddh key baad bebi boom ney 1951 taka shahar kii aabaadi koo 68,953 taka badhaa diyaa aur yeh spasht hoe gayaa kii adhik awas kii aavashyakta thee. 1921 seey yeh sankhya 13,000 nivaasiyon kii vriddhi thee.
1950 key dashak mein naee sampadaaen dikhaai deenh 1951 seey nirmit penhill, 1956 mein poorv mein walkote aur phir park uttar aur park dakshin.
kaar nirmaan key saath swindon key judaav kii shuruat bhee 1950 key dashak mein hui, jaba steel machuaaron ney ack karkhane kaa nirmaan kiya. rover dwara antim adhigrahan seey pahale, karkhane ney vibhinn prakaar key anuprayogon key liye sheet metal pressing aur bodywork kaa utpaadan kiya, jisamen railway bhee shamil thaa. yeh aaj bmw key swaamitva mein haye aur honda kaar karkhane koo kuchh suvidhaaen pradaan kartaa haye.
audyogik swindon mein nae nivaasiyon key aaney key saath, chikitsa suvidhaon parr adhik bojh parh gayaa aur ocus mein ack nae aspatal kaa prastaav rakhaa gayaa. rajkumari margaret ney 1957 mein rajkumari margaret aspatal kii adharshila rakhee, joe janwari 1960 mein puuraa huaa thaa.
jaise hii swindon ney 1960 key dashak mein pravesh kiya, 1951 key baad seey 22,000 kii jansankhya vriddhi ney 1961 mein nivaasiyon kii kull sankhya koo 91,775 taka laa diyaa. isase poorv kii or aur adhik vistaar huaa, jisase dorcan, alden, covingham aur liden key aavaasiya kshetra sthaapit hue.
nae aspatal aur nae nivaasiyon ney shahar mein punarvikas key ack yug kii shuruat kii, jisamen parishad ney jhuggi-jhopadi nikasi key liye shahar key kendra key aspas ghar khareede aur khudra ikaaiyon aur dukaanon mein parivartan kiya. suraksha key liye, shahar key kendra ney paidal chalane vaalon koo jodane kii shuruat kii, jisamen pull sadak, bede kii sadak aur regent sadak parr vaahan dwaar lagaae gaye. mool roop seey shaniwar koo subah 10 baje seey shaam 5 baje taka hii yatayat key liye bund thaa, iska vistaar mukhya kharidari kshetra key antim paidal chalane vaalon aur maujooda sadakon aur naharon koo pakka karane taka kiya gayaa thaa.
ack pramukh railway locomotive nirmaata key roop mein swindon kii bhoomika 1962 mein samaapt hoe gaee, jisamen dibbon aur injanon kii marammat parr dhyaan kendrit karane key liye kaam mein badalaav kiya gayaa aur site key badey hisse koo betch diyaa gayaa. haalaanki, 1967 mein, khudra vikreta smith ney apane pustak vitaran kendra koo shahar mein sthanantarit curr diyaa, ack kadam jise swindon key kendriya sthaan kaa laabh uthaane key liye banaaya gayaa thaa. 1970 key dashak mein anya companiyon ney bhee iska anusaran kiya.
1960 key dashak key anta mein तक। motorway parr nirmaan shuru huaa taaki iss kshetra seey landan taka twarit aur aasaan pahunch pradaan kii jaa sakey.
1969 mein swindon town aff.see. apane itihas mein sabse achchha parinam darj kiya, vidhansabha stadium mein shastragar key khilaf leag cup final mein 3-1 seey jeet hassil kii, ack match jise lagbhag 100,000 logon ney dekhaa. club ney baad mein 1969 key sammaan mein anglo-italian leag cup vijeta cup koo jodaa, jisamen usane dou pairon parr roma koo 5-2 seey haraaya.
1970-1990-railway seey karyalayon taka.
तक। motorway 1971 mein khola gayaa, jisase dou motorway junction (sankhya 15 aur 16) key saath swindon pradaan kiya gayaa. shahar key kendra mein, joe punarvikas key tahat thaa, chhote parivaar key swaamitva vaale stores koo badey shrinkhala stores dwara pratisthaapit kiya gayaa thaa. shahar key vikas mein vivern theatre kaa nirmaan shamil thaa.
1972 taka rajkumari margaret aspatal, swindon key mukhya aspatal mein ack uddeshya-nirmit durghatana aur aapaatkaaleen ikai naheen thee. iss samay taka aspatal asthaayi jhopadi adharit suvidhaon kaa upayog curr rhaa thaa.
tail company barma tail ney 1972 mein pipers key raaste parr apana vishva mukhyalaya banaaya, joe abb barma-castroll key swaamitva mein haye.
70 key dashak mein barma tail key pravesh koo jodate hue, ack aur badey nigam, hambro jeevan ashvasana ney 1970 key dashak mein shahar mein apana mukhyalaya sthaapit kiya, jisamen railway station parr karyalaya aur kharidari kshetra mein debenhams they. zurich vittiya sevaaon dwara antim khareed seey pahale, company kaa naam 1984 mein sambaddh hambro aur 1985 mein sambaddh dunbar mein badal diyaa gayaa thaa.
1974 mein seema parivartan key baad, swindon kaa baro nikatvarti uchch moolya vaale graameen jile key saath vilay hoe gayaa aur themsdowne kaa baro bunn gayaa. nae pradhikaran ney usee varsh brunal shopping center key nirmaan aur 1976 mein oesis avkash kendra key udghaatan kaa nireekshan kiya. david murre johnn tower, shahar key kshitij parr haavi ack aitihaasik sthal, kharidari kendra key nirmaan key hisse key roop mein banaaya gayaa thaa aur iska naam shahar key clerk key naam parr rakhaa gayaa haye, jinhone seema parivartan aur antatah swindon key punarjanan kaa samarthan kiya thaa.
1980 key dashak mein swindon ney paschim mein vistaar kiya, jisamen toothil aur freshbrook ney kshetra banaaya jise abb west swindon key roop mein jaanaa jaataa haye. yeh bhee yahaan thaa kii shahar seey baahar pahala kharidari kendra swindon mein banaaya gayaa thaa, carifour dwara; yeh abb ack asda supermarket haye.
jee. doubleu. aar. kaa kaam antatah 1986 mein bund hoe gayaa, halanki kuchh karmchaariyon key 1987 taka shesh rahane key saath yeh dheere-dheere bund hoe gayaa thaa. 1987 mein wills tambaku karkhana bhee bund hoe gayaa, abb yeh site kull milakar badee tesco dukaan haye.
1990-2010-aage kaa vistaar.
1 aprail 1997 koo yeh kshetra ack baar phir swindon key baro key roop mein jaanaa jaane lagaa, ack nae ekaatmak pradhikaran key nirmaan key baad, themsdowne naam kii jagah leey liya gayaa.
1990 key dashak key dauran shahar koo uttar kii or haydon wick aur blunsdon sent key padosi pairishon mein vistaarit kiya gayaa thaa. andreau, jisake parinamswarup abby meads, taau hill aur sent key nae samudaayon mein 10,000 aur gharon kaa nirmaan huaa. andreau kaa riz. 21veen shatabdi key pahale dashak mein okhurst, redhouse aur haydon aind key aavaasiya kshetron koo vikasit kiya gayaa thaa-jinhen ack saath priyori valley key roop mein jaanaa jaataa haye-saath hii orbital shopping park mein uttari swindon key liye ack nae jilaa kendra key saath. iss kshetra mein aeye419 trunk road koo paschim swindon seey jodane vaali dohri carridgeway baahari ring road dwara pahuncha jaataa haye, jise poorv baro naam kii yaad mein themsdowne drive naam diyaa gayaa haye.
2002 mein naee swindon company kaa gathan shahar key kendra koo ack gatishil kshetriya kendra mein punarjeevit karane key liye kiya gayaa thaa, joe iss kshetra mein swindon key mahatva koo darshaata haye aur shahar koo vaha kendra detaa haye jiska vaha hakdar haye.
2010 mein swindon baro council ney forward swindon kii sthaapana kii, company koo shahar mein aarthik vikas aur sampatti vikas koo pradaan karane aur suvidhajanak banaane kaa kaam saunpa gayaa.

