
pehchaan sankat

manovigyaan mein, pehchaan sankat pehchaan vikas kaa ack charan siddhant haye jisamen jivankal key 8 charanon parr sangharsh kaa samadhan shamil haye. yeh shabd german manovaigyaanik erich ericson dwara gadhaa gayaa thaa.
manosamajik vikas kaa vaha charan jisamen pehchaan kaa sankat hoe sakata haye, pehchaan samanjasya banaam pehchaan samanvaya kahaa jaataa haye. bhoomika mein bhram. iss charan key dauran, kishoron koo shaaririk vikas, yaun paripakvata aur apane baare mein vichaaron koo ekikrit karane aur dusaron key baare mein unake baare mein kyaa sochane kaa saamana karna padata haye. isaliye kishore apani aatm-chhavi banaate hain aur apani mool ahankar pehchaan key sankat koo hull karane kaa kaary sahan karate hain. sankat kaa safal samadhan pichhale vikasatmak charanon key madhyam seey kissy kii pragati parr nirbhar kartaa haye, joe vishvaas, swaayatta aur pahal jaise muddon parr kendrit haye.
pehchaan mein ericson kii apani ruchi bachpan seey shuru hui thee. ashcanazic yahudi key roop mein janme ericson ney mahsoos kiya kii vaha ack baahari vyakti they. uttari california key eurok aur dakshin dakota key seox key beach saanskritik jeevan key unake baad key adhyayanon ney pehchaan vikas aur pehchaan sankat key baare mein ericson key vichaaron koo aupchaarik banaane mein madad kii. ericson ney pehchaan sankat seey gujarane vaalon koo bhram kaa pradarshan karane vaale key roop mein varnit kiya.
avadharana.
kishore samanya jeevan seey peechhe hutt sakate hain, kaarravaai naheen curr sakate hain yaa jaisa kii way aamtaur parr kaam parr, apani shaadi mein yaa school mein karate hain, vaisa vyavhaar naheen curr sakate hain, yaa bhavishya key baare mein nirnay lene mein asamarth hoe sakate hain. way nakaratmak gatividhiyon kii or bhee rukh curr sakate hain, jaise kii aparaadh yaa drugs kyonki unake drishtikon seey nakaratmak pehchaan honah kissy bhee cheez seey adhik sweekarya naheen hoe sakata haye. varnakram key doosari taraf, joe loga vyaktitva vikas key kishore avastha seey pehchaan kii majboot bhavna key saath ubharate hain, way aatmavishvaas aur nishchitata key saath vayaskata kaa saamana karane key liye achchi tarah seey susajjit hotey hain. ericson ney 8 charanon kaa adhyayan kiya joe unake siddhant koo banaate they. ahankar kii pehchaan "pehchaan kyaa haye" koo samajhane key liye ack pramukh avadharana thee aur isane sachet munn mein ack badee bhoomika nibhai jisamen kalpanaaen, bhaavanaaen, yaaden, dhaaranaaen, aatm-jagrukta, samvedanaaen aur vichaar shamil hain; pratyek samajik baatchit key madhyam seey vikasit aatm mein ack bhavna kaa yogdan kartaa haye. unhone mahsoos kiya kii kishoravastha key dauran ahankar kii pehchaan key vikas parr sathiyon kaa majboot prabhaav padata haye. unakaa maanana thaa kii panth yaa kattarpanthiyon jaise nakaratmak samoohon key saath judaav vaastav mein iss najuk samay key dauran vikaasheel ahankar koo "punah pratibandhit" curr sakata haye. kishoravastha key dauran ericson koo joe buniyaadi taakat milani chaahiye, vaha nishtha haye, joe kewal ack saamanjasyapurna ahankar pehchaan seey ubharati haye. nishtha anya logon key saath hamaare sambandhon mein imandari, sachchai aur kartavya kii bhavna koo shamil karane key liye jaani jaati haye. ericson ney ise pehchaan aur bhram key beach ack tark banaaya. yuva peedhi, "kishoron" key beach bhram haye aur kishoron key dauran way kahate hain kii unhein "aatm aur vyaktigat pehchaan kii bhavna vikasit karane kii aavashyakta haye. yadi way swayam kii iss bhavna koo vikasit naheen karate hain, tou way asurakshit hoe jaayenge aur khud koo usa aatmavishvaas aur nishchitata kii kamee seey khou denge jiska way ack vayask key roop mein saamana karenge.unhone pehchaan koo "ack vyaktiparak bhavna key saath-saath vyaktigat samaantaa aur nirantarta kii ack avalokan yogya gunavatta key roop mein varnit kiya, joe kuchh saajha vishva chhavi kii samaantaa aur nirantarta mein kuchh vishvaas key saath jodee gaee. yeh ack aise yuva vyakti mein, joe khud koo apani samaantaa key roop mein paataa haye, aatm-jagrook jeevan kii gunavatta key roop mein spasht hoe sakata haye. unamen humm ack advitiya ekikaran koo ubharate hue dekhate hain joe aparivartaniya roop seey diyaa jaataa haye-yaani, shareer kaa prakaar aur swabhaav, pratibha aur bhedyata, shishu model aur arjit aadarsh-upalabdh bhoomikaon, vyaavsaayik sambhaavanaon, moolyon kii peshkash, salaahkaaron kii mulakat, dosti aur pahale yaun muthbhedon mein pradaan kiye gaye khule vikalpon key saath."
martian siddhant.
kishoron kii pehchaan kii sthiti parr james marcia kaa shodh kishoron mein pehchaan sankat key ericson key dhaanche parr bhee lagu hotaa haye.
pehchaan kaa poorv-prakateekaran ack pehchaan kii sthiti haye jiska daavaa kiya jaataa haye kii yeh ack aisee pehchaan haye jise ack vyakti dwara binaa kissy vikalp key vikasit kiya gayaa haye. "poorv-parisampatti kii sthiti taba hoti haye jaba vikalpon kii khoj kiye binaa ack pratibaddhata kii jaati haye. aksar yeye pratibaddhataaen maataa-pitaa key vichaaron aur vishvaason parr adharit hoti hain jinhen binaa kissy sawal key sweekaar kiya jaataa haye. pehchaan kaa poorv-prakateekaran kishoron mein pehchaan key sankat mein yogdan curr sakata haye jaba unaki maani gaee pehchaan kaa "suraksha kavach" hataa diyaa jaataa haye. yeye "poorv-bund vyakti aksar sankat mein chaley jaate hain, yeh naheen jaanate kii maandandon, niyamon aur sthitiyon parr bharosa karane mein saksham hue binaa kyaa karna haye jinake way aadee rahey hain. iska ack udaaharan ack kisan kaa betaa hoga jise pataa chalata haye kii usake pitaa khet betch rahey hain, aur ack khet key uttaradhikari key roop mein jisaki pehchaan aur ack kisan kii jeevan shally aur pehchaan usa khabar seey hill gaee haye.
pehchaan prasaar ack martian pehchaan kii sthiti haye joe kishoron mein pehchaan sankat kaa kaaran bunn sakati haye. pehchaan prasaar koo "udaseen sthiti key roop mein varnit kiya jaa sakata haye joe anveshan aur pratibaddhata donon kii saapeksh kamee kaa pratinidhitva karati haye. pehchaan prasaar schizophrenia aur avasaad jaise nidan key saath overlap hoe sakata haye, aur pehchaan sanrachana kii kamee key roop mein sabse achchha varnit kiya jaa sakata haye. iss sthiti seey ubharate pehchaan sankat kaa ack udaaharan ack kishore haye joe ack starr athlete key roop mein apani pehchaan key gambhir chot seey nasht honey key baad alag hoe jaataa haye.
pehchaan sthagan vaha sthiti haye joe marcia siddhant vyaktiyon mein sabse lambe samay taka rahati haye, sabse asthir haye, aur ise "vikalpon key sakriya anveshan" key roop mein sabse achchha varnit kiya jaa sakata haye. pehchaan sthagan kaa anubhav karane vaale vyakti bahut khule dimag vaale aur vichaarsheel hoe sakate hain, lekin apani pehchaan koo laker sankat mein bhee hoe sakate hain. iska ack udaaharan ack college chhaatr hoga joe kaee baar mejar badalane key baad apane bhavishya mein dridh vishvaas kaa abhaav rakhta haye lekin phir bhee apana junoon naheen dhoondh paataa haye.
pehchaan kii upalabdhi kaee pehchaan sankaton kaa samadhan haye. pehchaan kii upalabdhi taba hoti haye jaba kishore apani pehchaan key mahatvapurna pahaluon kaa pataa lagaata haye aur unake prati pratibaddh hotaa haye."