
symphany nam. 2 (mahler)

symphany nam. 2 inn see minor baay gustaav mahler, jise punrutthan symphany key roop mein jaanaa jaataa haye, 1888 aur 1894 key beach likhaa gayaa thaa, aur pahali baar 1895 mein pradarshan kiya gayaa thaa. yeh symphany unake jivankal key dauran mahler kii sabse lokpriya aur safal kritiyon mein seey ack thee. yeh unakaa pahala pramukh kaary thaa jisane maranoparant jeevan aur punrutthan kii sundarta key baare mein unake aajivan drishtikon koo sthaapit kiya. iss badey kaam mein, sangeetkaar ney "doori kii dhwani" kii rachnaatmaktaa koo aur vikasit kiya aur "apani khud kii duniya" kaa nirmaan kiya, joe pahale seey hii unaki pahali symphany mein dekhaa jaa chuka haye. iss kaam kii avadhi 80 seey 90 minut kii hoti haye, aur paaramparik roop seey ise see minor kii kunji key roop mein label kiya jaataa haye; "sangeet aur sangeetkaron kaa nayaa grove shabdakosh" kaam kii tonality koo see minor mejar key roop mein label kartaa haye. bee. bee. see. sangeet patrika dwara kiye gaye chalakon key sarvekshan mein ise abb taka kii paanchvin sabse badee symphany key roop mein chunaa gayaa thaa.
mool.
mahler ney 1888 mein "totenfear" (antim sanskar) naamak ekal-andolan symphonic kavita key roop mein symphany kaa pahala andolan puuraa kiya. dusare andolan key liye kuchh rekhaachitra bhee usa varsh key hain. mahler ney paanch saal taka iss baat parr vichaar kiya kii kyaa "tottenfare" koo ack symphany kaa praarambhik andolan banaaya jaae, haalaanki unaki pandulipi ise ack symphany key roop mein label karati haye. 1893 mein unhone dusare aur teesare andolan kii rachana kii. antim samasya thee. jabaki vaha poori tarah seey jaanate they kii way beethoven kii symphany number key saath tulanaa koo aamantrit curr rahey they. 9-donon symphany ack antim andolan key kendra mein ack corus kaa upayog karate hain joe sandarbhon key saath shuru hotaa haye aur isase pahale key logon kii tulanaa mein bahut lamba hotaa haye-mahler koo pataa thaa kii vaha ack mukhar antim andolan chaahata thaa. iss andolan key liye sahee paath dhoondhana lamba aur bhramit karane vaalaa saabit huaa.
jaba mahler ney 1891 mein hamberg opera mein apani niyukti kii, tou unhone vahaan anya mahatvapurna sanchaalak koo huns wonn bulo paaya, joe shahar key symphany sangeet karyakramon key prabhaari they. apani dayaluta key liye naheen jaane jaane vaale bulo mahler seey prabhaavit they. jaba mahler ney piano parr unake liye ise bajaaya tou "tottenfear" koo pasand karane yaa samajhane mein unaki viphalata seey unakaa samarthan cumm naheen huaa. bulo ney mahler koo bataaya kii "totenfear" ney usey "triston aur isolde" kii aavaaz dee, jaise kii haydon symphany. jaise hii bulo kii tabiyat bigadati gaee, mahler ney usey badal diyaa. 1894 mein bulo kii mrityu ney mahler koo bahut prabhaavit kiya. antim sanskar mein, mahler ney friedrich gottlieb clopstock kii kavita (punrutthan) kii ack setting sunee, jahan kahawat "phir seey uthein, haan, tum phir seey uthoge/merrie dhool".
"yeh mujhe bijli kii tarah lagaa, yeh baat", unhone conductor anton seedle koo likhaa, "aur sub kuchh mujhe spasht aur spasht roop seey prakat kiya gayaa thaa."mahler ney clopstock key bhajan key pahale dou chhand kaa upayog kiya, phir apane swayam key chhand jode joe adhik spasht roop seey mukti aur punrutthan seey sambandhit they. unhone samaapan samaapt kiya aur 1894 mein pahale andolan key orchestration koo sanshodhit kiya, phir geet "urlicht" (primal light) koo upaant andolan key roop mein daala. yeh geet shayed 1892 yaa 1893 mein likhaa gayaa thaa.
mahler ney shuru mein kaam key liye ack kathaa karyakram (vaastav mein kaee sanskaran) taiyar kiya, jise unhone kaee doston (natali baur-letchner aur sahit) key saath saajha kiya. unhone 20 disambar 1901 koo dresden mein premiere mein karyakram pustak mein inmein seey ack sanskaran bhee mudrit kiya thaa. iss karyakram mein, pahala andolan ack antim sanskar kaa pratinidhitva kartaa haye aur iss tarah key sawal poochata haye kii "kyaa mrityu key baad jeevan haye?"doosara andolan mritak key jeevan mein sukhad samay kaa smaran haye; teesara andolan jeevan koo arthaheen gatividhi key roop mein darshaata haye; chautha andolan arthaheen jeevan seey mukti kii ichcha haye; aur paanchvaan andolan-teesare andolan key sandehon kii vaapsee key baad aur pahale key prashn-shashwat, divya navikaran key liye ack teevra aashaa key saath samaapt hotaa haye, ack vishay joe mahler antatah" "daas lied wonn derde" "key sangeet mein parivartit hoe jaayega. jaisa kii aam taur parr hotaa thaa, mahler ney baad mein karyakram key sabhi sanskaranon koo prachalan seey vaapas leey liya.
prakaashan.
yeh kaam pahali baar 1897 mein friedrich hofmester dwara prakaashit kiya gayaa thaa. isake turant baad adhikaaron koo hastaantarit curr diyaa gayaa, aur anta mein saarvbhaumik sanskaran mein, jisane 1910 mein doosara sanskaran jaari kiya. ack teesara sanskaran 1952 mein prakaashit huaa, aur ack chautha, mahatvapurna sanskaran 1970 mein, donon saarvbhaumik sanskaran dwara. gustaav mahler samaaj dwara shuru kiye jaa rahey mahler key symphany key nae poorna aalochanatmak sanskaran key hisse key roop mein, dusare symphany kaa ack nayaa mahatvapurna sanskaran saarvbhaumik sanskaran aur kaplan foundation key beach ack sanyukt udyam key roop mein banaaya gayaa thaa. iska vishva premiere pradarshan 18 octuber 2005 koo landan key royal albert holl mein diyaa gayaa thaa, jisamen gilbert kaplan ney shaahi philharmonic orchestra kaa sanchaalan kiya thaa.
pahale key sanskaranon key punarutpadan koo dawar aur boosi aind hocks dwara jaari kiya gayaa haye. kaplan foundation ney 1986 mein atirikt samagri key saath ack vyaapak pratiroop sanskaran prakaashit kiya. 1989 mein piano key liye bruno walter dwara chaar haathon kii vyavastha kaa prakaashan dekhaa gayaa.
vaadyayantra.
symphany koo badey orchestra key liye score kiya jaataa haye, jisamen nimnalikhit vaadyayantra shamil hotey hain.
roop.
apane taiyar roop mein kaam mein paanch andolan hotey hain.
aaee. roopak mestoso.
pahali gati koo "mitt derchouse ernstem aind fearlichem ausdruk" (poorna gurutvaakarshan aur abhivyakti kii gambhirta key saath) key roop mein chihnit kiya jaataa haye. yeh see minor mein likhaa gayaa haye, lekin kaee alag-alag manodashaon seey gujarta haye aur ack antim sanskar march jaisa dikhta haye.
andolan kii aupchaarik sanrachana sanshodhit sonata roop haye. pradarshan koo ack vibhinn roop mein dohraya jaataa haye (rehearsal sankhya 4 seey 15 taka, jaisa kii ludwig vaine beethoven aksar apane antim string quartet mein karate they). vikas kaee vichaaron koo prastut kartaa haye jinka upayog baad mein symphany mein kiya jaayega, jisamen "dies aire" plainchant parr adharit ack vishay shamil haye.
mahler andolan key liye kuchh hudd taka sanshodhit tonal dhaanche kaa upayog kartaa haye. dwiteeyak vishay, jise pahale ee mejar mein prastut kiya gayaa thaa (aff mejar kaa enharmonic, ee kaa napolitan), see mejar mein apana doosara kathan shuru kartaa haye, ack kunji jisamen yeh punaravritti taka apekshit naheen haye.
sanyog seey, punaravritti mein kathan mool ee mejar (aff mejar) mein haye. symphany key antim lakshya, ee-flat mejar, koo rehearsal 17 key baad sankshipt roop seey sanket diyaa jaataa haye, jisamen ack vishay key saath turahiyon mein joe samaapan mein lautata haye.
iss andolan key baad, mahler dusare andolan seey pahale paanch minut key antaral key liye score mein coll kartaa haye. yeh viram aaj shayed hii kabhi dekhaa jaataa haye. aksar sanchaalak mahler seey aadhe raaste mein milenge, kuchh minaton key liye rukenge, jabaki darshak ack saans lete hain aur buss jaate hain aur baaki tukade kii taiyari mein orchestra phir seey kaam karega. julius bootus ney 1903 mein dusseldorf mein pradarshan seey pahale vyaktigat roop seey mahler seey yeh nirdesh praapt kiya thaa, haalaanki, unhone isake bajaay chauthe aur paanchven andolanon key beach lambe viram koo rakhane kaa vikalp chunaa, jisake liye mahler ney unhein unaki antardrishti, samvedansheelta aur unaki ghoshit ichchhaon key khilaf jaane kii himmat key liye badhaai dee.
mahler key mool sanket kaa paalan karane kaa ack vyaavhaarik tarika yeh haye kii dou ekal gaayak aur samooh pahale andolan key baad hii munch mein pravesh karein. yeh pahale andolan aur baaki symphany key beach ack swabhavik algaav paida kartaa haye aur gayakon koo munch parr baithane key bees minut seey adhik samay taka bachaata haye. mahler key symphany number key saath tulanaa key madhyam seey mahler key iraade kaa andaja lagaaya jaa sakata haye. 3, jahan-tukade kii lambai key kaaran-pahale andolan key baad ack vaastavik viram (ack opera key dou krityon key beach) kii atyadhik sifarish kii jaati haye, aur vaastav mein mahler dwara ingit kiya jaataa haye. jaise kii symphany key mamle mein nam. 2, yeh aajkal hamesha naheen dekhaa jaataa haye.
II. aur moderate.
doosara andolan "sehar jamechalich" key roop mein chihnit haye. nee elen."(bahut aaraam seey. kabhi jaldbaji naa karein.) yeh ack pramukh mein ack najuk lundler haye.
isamen thode gahare sangeet key dou vipareet khand hain.
yeh dheemi gati swayam dou aasann gatividhiyon key vipareet haye. sanrachanaatmak roop seey, yeh mahler key poore utpaadan mein sabse saral andolanon mein seey ack haye. yeh mritak key jeevan mein anandamaya samay kaa smaran haye.
iii. "roohig fleezender mein.
teesara andolan see minor mein ack sherzo haye. yeh dou majboot, chhote timpani stroke key saath khulata haye.
isake baad dou naram stroke aur phir isake baad naram stroke bhee hotey hain joe iss andolan koo gati pradaan karate hain, jisamen yahudi lock sangeet key sandarbh shamil hain.
mahler ney andolan key charmotkarsh koo triple-forte mein ack fafole vaalaa bm/see cord kahaa joe anta key paas hotaa haye, kabhi-kabhi "nirasha kaa chillana", aur kabhi-kabhi "mrityu kii chillahat".
yeh andolan mahler kii "days antonius wonn padua fishpredigt" kii setting parr adharit haye, jise mahler ney lagbhag samvarti roop seey rachit kiya thaa; patrachar mein, mahler ney manoranjan vyakt kiya kii unaki paapi sangeet setting kaa arth hoe sakata haye. jaba vaha machhali koo upadesh dey rhaa thaa tou padua kaa anthany khud nashe mein thaa.
1967-68 mein, iss andolan kaa upayog luciano berio dwara unake "synphonia" key teesare andolan key liye kiya gayaa thaa, jahan iska upayog paschimi shaastriya parampara key karyon key sangeet kolaj key nirmaan key liye dhaanche key roop mein kiya jaataa haye.
iv. "" "zaraa zaraa.
chautha andolan, "urlicht" (praathamik prakaash) koo "sehar fairich, eber schlicht" (bahut gambhir, lekin saral) key roop mein chihnit kiya jaataa haye. yeh ack "wonderhorn" geet haye, jise ack alto dwara gaaya gayaa haye, joe samaapan key parichay key roop mein kaary kartaa haye. dee mejar kii doorasth kunji mein sett kiya gayaa geet, saansaarik sankaton seey raahat kii lalsa koo darshaata haye, joe samaapan mein pratikriya key liye binaa kissy viram key agrani haye.
vee. "main apane aap mein bahut achchha huun.
samaapan sabse lamba andolan haye, joe aamtaur parr aadhe ghante seey adhik samay taka chalata haye. ise dou badey bhaagon mein vibhajit kiya gayaa haye, jiska doosara bhaag samooh key pravesh key saath shuru hotaa haye aur jiska roop iss andolan key paath dwara shaasit hotaa haye. pahala bhaag vaadya haye, aur bahut hii praasangik haye, jisamen vibhinn prakaar key manodasha, gati aur kunji hain, jisamen pichhali gatividhiyon mein sunee gaee samagri key aadhar parr, halanki yeh motey taur parr sonata siddhanton kaa bhee paalan kartaa haye. pesh kiye gaye nae vishayon kaa baar-baar upayog kiya jaataa haye aur unamen badalaav kiya jaataa haye.
andolan ack lambe parichay key saath shuru hotaa haye, jisaki shuruat "nirasha key chillaane" seey hoti haye joe kii teesare andolan kaa charmotkarsh thaa, jisake baad ack vishay kii shaant prastuti hoti haye joe samooh khand mein sanrachanaatmak sangeet key roop mein phir seey dikhaai detee haye.
isake baad offstage horn mein ack coll hoti haye.
pahala vishay samooh pahale andolan seey "dies aire" vishay koo dohrata haye aur phir "punrutthan" vishay kaa parichay detaa haye jisake liye samooh apane pahale shabd gaayega, aur anta mein ack dhumdham.
doosara vishay ack lamba vaadyavrind gaayan haye, joe samooh khand mein ekal key liye sangeet pradaan kartaa haye.
pradarshani kaa samaapan pahale vishay samooh key punarkathan key saath hotaa haye. yeh lamba udghaatan khand kaee vishayon koo pesh karane kaa kaam kartaa haye, joe samaapan key samooh bhaag mein mahatvapurna hoe jaayega.
vikas khand vaha haye jise mahler "mritakon kaa march" kahata haye. yeh dou lambe drum roll key saath shuru hotaa haye, jisamen gong kaa upayog shamil haye. dies aire" aur punrutthan key vishayon aur nirasha key shuruati rote seey uddeshyon koo vikasit karane key alawa, yeh khand, episodic roop seey, pahale kii samagri key aadhar parr, kaee anya vishayon koo bhee bataata haye. punarkathan march key saath overlap hotaa haye, aur pahale vishay samooh key kewal sankshipt bayanon koo phir seey prastut kiya jaataa haye. orchestra kaa paath poori tarah seey punaraavartit haye, aur iss baar peetal aur taalvaadya key ack baind seey offstage rukaavaton key saath haye (jise kuchh logon ney sarvanash key saat turahiyon key roop mein samajhaaya thaa). yeh ack charmotkarsh kaa nirmaan kartaa haye, joe praarambhik parichayaatmak khand key punarnirdharan kii or leey jaataa haye. horn coll koo mahler key "mahaan saman" mein vistaarit kiya jaataa haye, joe coral section mein ack sankraman haye.
tonely, yeh pahala badaa hissa, andolan kaa vaadya aadhaa, aff minor mein aayojit kiya jaataa haye. parichay key baad, joe pahale key andolanon seey dou kunji yaad kartaa haye, pahala vishay samooh poori tarah seey aff minor mein prastut kiya jaataa haye, aur doosara vishay samooh upa-pramukh, bee minor mein prastut kiya jaataa haye. pahale vishay samooh kaa punarkathan pramukh, see mejar mein hotaa haye. vikas madhyasth, ack pramukh, aur samanantar pramukh, aff pramukh sahit kaee chabiyon kii khoj kartaa haye. pahale andolan key vipareet, dusare vishay koo tonic kunji mein apekshit roop seey dohraya jaataa haye. parichay kaa punarkathan vishayagat aur swargat roop seey dusare badey bhaag mein ack sankraman haye, joe see minor seey samanantar dee mejar-aff minor kaa pramukh-jisamen mahaan saman kahaa gayaa haye. epiphany ack uchch register mein bansuri dwara bajaaya jaataa haye, aur jisamen turahiyan hoti hain, joe munch seey baahar bajati hain. coral section jee mejar mein shuru hotaa haye.
samooh-samooh andolan key aadhe raaste seey thodi dair baad chupchaap aataa haye.
gaayan-samooh khand mukhya roop seey paath dwara aayojit kiya jaataa haye, jisamen andolan mein pahale seey sangeet samagri kaa upayog kiya jaataa haye. (bases clayf key neeche bee coral baas bhaag mein chaar baar hotaa haih teen corus 'hushed pravesh dwaar parr aur phir seey "hoe' auf zu beben" shabdon parr. yeh maanak shaastriya pradarshanon mein sabse cumm swar haye. mahler swar koo gaane mein asamarth baas koo nirdesh detaa haye kii swar koo ack saptak seey adhik gaane key bajaay chup rahein.) pahale dou chhand mein seey pratyek key baad ack vaadya antaral hotaa haye; alto aur soprano solos, "oh glob", joe gaayan raag parr adharit hotaa haye, chauthi kavita seey pahale, corus dwara gaaya jaataa haye; aur paanchvin kavita dou ekalvaadakon key liye ack yugal geet haye.
shuruati dou chhand jee mejar mein prastut kiye gaye hain, solo aur bee minor mein chautha schlock (kunji jisamen mool roop seey paath kahaa gayaa thaa), aur yugal ack mejar mein. symphany kaa lakshya, ee mejar, shuruati see minor kaa saapeksh pramukh, taba praapt kiya jaataa haye jaba corus yugal geet, "mitt flugeln" seey shabdon koo uthaata haye, halanki aathh maapon key baad sangeet jee mejar kii or aakarshit hotaa haye (lekin usa parr kabhi taal naheen).
ee achaanak "sterben word 'itch umm joo leben" paath key saath phir seey pravesh kartaa haye, aur ack uchit taal anta mein antim kavita key downbeat parr hoti haye, jisamen hetophore silent organ (chihnit "volz work", poorna anga) key pravesh dwaar key saath aur gaayak mandal koo "mitt hoster craft" (uchchatam shakti key saath) gaane kaa nirdesh diyaa jaataa haye. vaadya yantra kaa kodaa bhee iss antim kunji mein haye, aur isake saath gahari ghantiyaan bajaai jaati hain. mahler ney pradarshan key liye vaastavik church kii ghantiyaan khareedane key liye itna aage badh gaye, iss dhwani koo asantoshjanak praapt karane key anya sabhi sadhanon koo dhoondhate hue. mahler ney iss andolan key baare mein likhaah "badhata tanaav, antim charmotkarsh taka kaam karna, itna jabardast haye kii main khud koo naheen jaanata, abb jaba yeh samaapt hoe gayaa haye, tou main ise likhane key liye kaise aaya."
paath.
chautha andolan.
<kavita laing = "dee" shally = "flotah left";> urlict
oh roshen sadaandh!
aadami jhooth bolata haye aur naheen!
purushon key liye ack badaa saa saa saa saa!
main khud koo sahee maanata huun.
humm kyaa kaha rahey hain?
dha kaam engeleen aind volt 'mike abuaisen.
naheen! main bahut khush huun!
aich binn wonn ney kahaa kii vaha aisaa naheen karega!
darr lebe ney apane aap koo alag curr liya.
daas evig selig leben mein vichitra leuchten meer biss!
- "days naben wonderhorn" </kavita>
<kavita shally = "margine-leftah 2aim; flotah left;"> primeval light
oh chhota laal gulab!
aadami sabse badee zaroorat mein jhooth bolata haye!
aadami sabse badey dard mein jhooth bolata haye!
main swarg mein kaise rahoonga.
vahaan main ack vyaapak raaste parr aaya
jaba ack chhota saa doot aaya aur mujhe door karna chaahata thaa.
aaha naheen! main khud koo door naheen honey doonga!
main bhagwan seey huun aur bhagwan key paas laut jaaoonga!
prem karane vaalaa bhagwan mujhe thodaa prakaash dega,
joe mujhe usa shashwat anandamaya jeevan mein prakaash dega!</kavita>
paanchvaan andolan.
<kavita laing = "dee" shally = "flotah left";> aufresteh 'aine, jaa aufresteh' aine worst doo,
main tou buss, kuchh naheen!
unsterblick leben! unsterblick leben
yeh sub kuchh hoga!
aap bhee tou aisaa hii karenge!
unake liye ack badaa upahaar
aur garben koo milaaen
naheen, marr jaao!
- taley hue clopstock
oh glob, meey herz, oh globah
yeh sach haye!
yeh sub kuchh haye, lekin yeh sub kuchh haye,
dey, yeh bahut achchha thaa,
yeh tou bahut hii ajib thaa!
oh glob,
sabse pahale aap kabhi naheen dekh sakate!
yeh sabse achchha utsav haye,
zeleton!
yeh tou thaa,
yeh tou mushkil haye!
vergangen, offeresten!
yeh tou aapke liye achchha haye!
shoke santapt jeevan!
oh schmerge! yeh sub kuchh thheek haye!
dair binn itch entrungen!
oh toda! doo albezwinger!
nist doo bezwungen!
merey dost, main marr jaataa huun,
hazem libestraben mein,
wared 'ichchweben
zum licht, zuu dame kii 'aga' gedrungen!
sterben word 'itch, umm zu leben!
efferstein, efferstein doo
main haraz, inem nyu mein!
doo geslazen thaa
zuu ney yeh sub kuchh galat tareeke seey kiya!
- gustaav mahler </kavita>
<kavita shally = "margine-leftah 2aim; flotah left;"> phir seey uthein, haan, phir seey uthein,
thodi dair aaraam karane key baad, merrie dhool, tum!
amar jeevan! amar jeevan
joe aapako bulaayega, vaha aapako dega.
aap phir seey khilane key liye boye gaye hain!
fasal kaa swami jaataa haye
aur sheev ikattha karate hain,
humm, joe marr gaye hain.
 
oh vishvaas karo, merey dill, oh vishvaasah
kuchh bhee naheen khoya haye!
aapka, haan aapka, vahee haye joe aap chaahte they
joe aapako pasand aaya haye
aap kiss liye ladey hain!
vishvaas keejiye,
aap binaa kissy kaam key paida naheen hue they!
kuchh bhee naheen key liye jeeya haye,
naa hii peedit!
kyaa banaaya gayaa thaa
nasht honah chaahiye;
kyaa nasht hoe gayaa, phir seey oopar uthein!
kaampana bund karo!
jeene key liye khud koo taiyar karein!
oh dard, tum sub cheejon key chhed,
tumse, mujhe chheen liya gayaa haye!
mrityu, aap sabhi cheejon key vijeta hain,
abb, kyaa aap jeet gaye hain!
jinn pankhon koo maine apane liye jeetaa haye,
prem key bhayankar prayaas mein,
main oopar kii or badhuungaa
usa prakaash mein joe koee aankh naheen ghusi haye!
main jeene key liye marr jaaoonga.
phir seey uthein, haan, phir seey uthein,
ack pull mein, merey dill, aap!
jise aapane jeet liya haye,
yeh aapako bhagwan key paas leey jaayega!</kavita>
ank.
mool pandulipi score mahler kii vidhwa dwara conductor willem mengelberg koo 1920 key mahler utsav mein mengelberg aur concertbau orchestra dwara diyaa gayaa thaa. ise 1984 mein mengelberg foundation seey udyami gilbert kaplan dwara kharida gayaa thaa, joe ack shaukiya key roop mein symphany kaa sanchaalan karane mein visheshagya they.
29 navambar 2016 koo score landan key sothbies mein 4.5 million pound mein becha gayaa thaa, joe nilami mein bechi gaee ack sangeet pandulipi key liye abb taka kii sabse adhik keemat thee. pandulipi key liye chaar telephone bolidata they, jisamen vijeta bolidata ney gumnam rahane kaa vikalp chunaa.
score abb cleveland, ohiyo mein cleveland orchestra kii sampatti haye. yeh german media mugal aur cleveland orchestra trusty herbert cloiber dwara orchestra koo upahaar mein diyaa gayaa thaa, joe sothbi kii nilami mein gumnam uchch bolidata they. yeh astitva mein kaam kii ekmatra gyaat hastalikhit aur hastaaksharit pandulipi haye.
sandarbh.
srot

