sankraman dhaatu carbine parisar

ack sankraman dhaatu carbine parisar ack carbonic yaugik haye jisamen ack dvivaarshik carbonic ligand hotaa haye. dhaatu kendra seey samanvit dvivaarshik carbonic ligand koo carbine kahaa jaataa haye. lagbhag sabhi sankraman dhatuon key liye carbine parisaron kii soochana dee gaee haye. unhein sanshleshit karane key kaee tareeke aur unakaa upayog karane vaali pratikriyaon kii soochana dee gaee haye. carbine ligand shabd ack aupchaariktaa haye kyonki kaee carben seey naheen liye gaye hain aur lagbhag koee bhee carben kii pratikriyashilta visheshta koo pradarshit naheen kartaa haye. aksar key roop mein varnit, way alkill aur carbine key beach carbonic ligand madhyavarti key ack varg kaa pratinidhitva karate hain. way kuchh utprerak pratikriyaon mein dikhaai dete hain, vishesh roop seey alkien metathesis, aur kuchh maheen rasayanon kii taiyari mein mahatvapurna hain.
vargeekaran.
dhaatu carbine parisaron koo aksar dou prakaron mein vargeekrit kiya jaataa haye. ernst otto fisher key naam parr naamit fisher carben mein dhaatu parr majboot π-receptor hotey hain aur carbine carbon paramanu parr electrophilic hotey hain. scrock carben, jiska naam richard aar key naam parr rakhaa gayaa haye. scrock, adhik nucleophilic carbine carbon kendron kii visheshta haye; inn prajaatiyon mein aamtaur parr uchch sanyojak dhaatuen hoti hain. "1991 mein ack sthir mukt carbine key ardengo key algaav key baad aine-heterocyclic carben (nhc) koo lokpriya banaaya gayaa thaa. kshetra key vikas koo darshaate hue, carbine parisar abb vibhinn pratikriyaon aur vividh pratisthapanon kii ack vistrit shrinkhala key saath jaane jaate hain. aksar carbine parisar koo isaki electrophilicity yaa nucleophilicity key sambandh mein vargeekrit karna sambhav naheen hotaa haye.
fisher carben.
fisher carben nimn key saath paae jaate hainh
rasayanik bandhan ("yojana 1") carbine see paramanu key bharey hue ekal jodee kakshiya key σ-prakaar key electron daan parr ack khaali dhaatu dee-kakshiya koo, aur π carbon paramanu parr khaali pee-kakshiya key liye ack bharey hue dhaatu dee-kakshiya key peechhe key bandhan parr adharit haye. ack udaaharan haye jatil.
fisher carben kii tulanaa keaton seey kii jaa sakati haye, jisamen carbine carbon paramanu electrophilic hotaa haye, joe kii keaton key carbonyl carbon paramanu kii tarah hotaa haye. keaton kii tarah, fisher carbine prajaatiyan aldol jaisi pratikriyaon seey gujar sakati hain. carbine carbon paramanu seey judey carbon paramanu α seey judey hydrogen paramanu amleeya hotey hain, aur ack nucleophile dene key liye "aine"-butylithium jaise kshaar dwara avamilit kiye jaa sakate hain, joe aage kii pratikriya seey gujar sakate hain.
yeh carbine anya pratikriyaon jaise kii wolf-dutz pratikriya key liye praarambhik samagri haye.
scrock carben.
scrock carben mein π-sweekaar karane vaale ligand naheen hotey hain. yeye parisar carbine carbon paramanu parr nucleophilic hotey hain. scrock carben aamtaur parr nimnalikhit key saath paae jaate hainh
aise parisaron mein bandhan koo teen avastha dhaatu aur teen avastha carbine key sanyojan key roop mein dekhaa jaa sakata haye. yeye bandhan carbon kii or dhruvikrit hotey hain aur isaliye carbine paramanu ack nucleophile hotaa haye. ack scrock carbine kaa ack udaaharan yaugik haye, jisamen ack tantalum (vee) kendra ack neopentilidine ligand key saath-saath teen neopentil ligand seey doguna bandha hotaa haye. carbonic sanshleshan mein ruchi kaa ack udaaharan tebe kaa abhikarmak haye.
"aine"-heterocyclic carben.
"aine"-heterocyclic carben (aine. aich. see.) vishesh roop seey aam carbine ligand hain. way lokpriya hain kyonki way scrock aur fisher carben kii tulanaa mein adhik aasaani seey taiyar kiye jaate hain. vaastav mein kaee aine. aich. see. mukt ligand key roop mein alag kiye jaate hain, kyonki way sthaayi carben hotey hain. π-daan karane vaale pratisthapanon dwara dridhata seey sthir honey key kaaran, nhcs shaktishali σ-daataa hain lekin dhaatu key saath π-bandhan kamjor haye. iss kaaran seey, carbon aur dhaatu kendra key beach key bandhan koo aksar ack ekal vyutpann bandhan dwara darshaaya jaataa haye, jabaki fisher aur scrock carben koo aamtaur parr dhaatu key dohare bandhan key saath darshaaya jaataa haye. iss saadrishya koo jaari rakhate hue, aine. aich. see. kii tulanaa aksar trialkilfosphine ligand key saath kii jaati haye. phosphine kii tarah, aine. aich. see. darshak ligand key roop mein kaam karate hain joe electronic aur steric prabhaavon key sanyojan key madhyam seey utpreran koo prabhaavit karate hain, lekin way seedhe substrate koo naheen baandhate hain. prayogshala mein dhaatu ligand key binaa carben kaa utpaadan kiya gayaa haye.
carbine radical.
carbine radical lambe samay taka rahane vaale pratikriya madhyavarti hotey hain jinake saath paae jaate hainh
carbine parisaron key anuprayog.
dhaatu carbine key mukhya anuprayogon mein yaugikon key uparokt vargon mein seey koee bhee shamil naheen haye, balki khol uchch olephine prakriya mein alkien metathesis key liye upayog kiye jaane vaale visham utprerak shamil hain. vibhinn prakaar kii sambandhit pratikriyaon kaa upayog prakaash alkins koo aapas mein badalane key liye kiya jaataa haye, jaise.jee. beautine, propleen aur ethylene. carbine-complexes koo hydrocarbon key liye fisher-trops maarg mein madhyavarti key roop mein bulaaya jaataa haye. vibhinn prakaar key ghulansheel carbine abhikarmakon, vishesh roop seey grubs aur molybdenum-imido utprerak koo praakritik utpaadon aur samagri vigyaan key prayogshala-paimaane key sanshleshan key liye lagu kiya gayaa haye. nucleophilic amoort pratikriya mein, aage kii pratikriya key liye ack methyl samooh koo fisher carbine seey amoort kiya jaa sakata haye.
methyl phenyldiazoestate jaise diazo yaugikon kaa upayog cyclopropanation key liye yaa carbonic substrate key see-aich bonned mein daalane key liye kiya jaa sakata haye. yeye pratikriyaaen derodium tetracitate yaa sambandhit kieral vyutpannon dwara utprerit hoti hain. aisaa utpreran carbine parisaron key madhyasthata key madhyam seey aage badhane key liye maanaa jaataa haye.
itihas.
1960 key dashak mein lakshan varnan koo aksar kshetra key praarambhik bindu key roop mein uddhrit kiya jaataa haye, halanki carbenoid ligand koo pahale shamil kiya gayaa thaa. ernst otto fisher koo organomatellic rasayan vigyaan mein isake liye aur anya uplabdhiyon key liye 1973 mein rasayan vigyaan mein nobel puraskar seey sammaanit kiya gayaa thaa.

