
erich motram

erich mottram (29 disambar 1924-16 janwari 1995) ack british shikshak, aalochak, sampaadak aur kavi they joe british kavita punrutthan mein kendriya hastiyon mein seey ack they.
praarambhik jeevan aur shiksha.
mottram kaa janm landan mein huaa thaa aur unhone parle vyaakaran vidyalaya, croydon aur blackpool vyaakaran vidyalaya, lancashire mein shiksha praapt kii thee. 1943 mein, unhein pembroke college, cambridge key liye chhatravritti seey sammaanit kiya gayaa, lekin isake bajaay shaahi nausena mein seva karane kaa vikalp chunaa, kewal 1947 mein chhatravritti lii. unhone 1950 mein sammaan key saath snaatak kiya, angreji saahitya, jeevan aur vichaar tripos (double first) key donon hisson mein pratham sthaan praapt kiya. aim.aeye. 1951 mein. agale dashak mein, mottram ney vyaapak roop seey yatra kii aur zurich switzerland vishvavidyalaya (1951-52), singapur mein malay vishvavidyalaya (1952-55), aur groningen vishvavidyalaya, neatherlands (1955-60) mein professor key roop mein kaam kiya.
kings college landan.
1960 mein, mottram landan laut aae aur kings college landan mein angreji aur americi saahitya mein vyakhyata key roop mein ack pada liya. usa samay, kings americi adhyayan kii peshkash karane vaale bahut cumm british vishvavidyalayon mein seey ack thaa, aur motram koo iss kshetra mein agrani saabit karna thaa. unhone 1963 mein sanyukt raajya adhyayan sansthaan kii saha-sthaapana kii, usee varsh jisamen kings mein ack vyakhyata key roop mein unake karyakal kii pushti hui thee. 1973 mein, angreji aur americi saahitya mein paathak baney aur 1982 mein professor key roop mein unake liye ack vishesh peeth banaai gaee. sitambar 1990 mein way angreji aur americi saahitya key maanad professor key khitaab key saath sevaanivritt hue.
mottram aur beat peedhi.
1960 key dashak kii shuruat mein, mottram ney sanyukt raajya america kii yatra kii aur villium carlos williams, elen ginsberg aur anya sahit kaee lekhakon seey mulakat kii. landan mein apane samay key dauran way villium baroj key saath dostana hoe gaye. inn samparkon key parinamswarup mottram kii teen sabse prasiddh aalochanatmak pustaken-"villium barojah dha algebra off need" (1971, british sanskaran 1977), "elen ginsberg inn dha sixties" (1972) aur "paul bowels staticity aind terror" (1976). inn adhyayanon ney beat peedhi key lekhakon koo vyaapak british darshakon seey parichit karaane mein bahut madad kii.
motram aur robert dunken.
mottram ney 1971 aur 1986 key beach americi kavi robbert dunken key saath patrachar kiya. poorna patrachar "dha aniyantrit udyaanah robert dunken aur erich mottram, patra aur nibandh" key roop mein prakaashit kiya gayaa thaa, jise ammy evance aur shamoon zameer (peater laing, 2007) dwara sampaadit aur ack parichay key saath prakaashit kiya gayaa thaa.
kavi key roop mein mottaram.
mottram kii kavita kii pahali pustak, "inside dha whale", 1970 mein bobb cobbing key lekhak munch dwara prakaashit kii gaee thee. mottram ney cumm seey cumm 34 anya sangrah prakaashit kiye, jinamen "aeye book off harnah 1975-1981", "eligies" (donon 1981) aur "chayanit kavitaaen" (1989) shamil hain.
keyers 20veen shatabdi key madhyayugeenvaad key ack pramukh andekhi vyakti key roop mein motram kaa prastaav rakhate hain, yeh sujhaav dete hue kii motram kii "aeye book off hearn" 'kolaj key vikasit roopon koo praarambhik madhyayugeen ateet koo kavyatmak roop key baare mein sochane key nae tarikon key saath takraav mein laaya'.
unakaa kaam spasht roop seey americi "avant-garde" kaviyon key prabhaav koo darshaata haye, jinaki unhone prashansa kii thee, vishesh roop seey kavita, cutt-upp takneek aur kolaj jaisi takneekon key upayog mein, lekin tulsi key bunting kii parampara mein bhee isaki ack spasht british gunavatta haye.
mottram key saath ack sakshatkar unaki kavita key saath landan sthit patrika "angel agjost" mein dikhaai diyaa.
1982 mein darj ack sakshatkar aur kavita padhana, merey kpfa mein dikhaai detaa haye.
sampaadak key roop mein mottram.
1971 mein, mottaram koo kavita samaaj kii patrika "kavita sameeksha" kaa sampaadak banaaya gayaa thaa. agale chhah varshon mein, unhone bees muddon kaa sampadan kiya, jinamen british kavita punrutthan seey judey pramukh kaviyon key adhikansh, yadi sabhi naheen, shamil they aur una chhote presses kii vistrit shrinkhala seey pustakon aur patrikaon kii sameeksha kii gaee joe unhein prakaashit karane key liye ubhari theen. mottram mein kaee americi kaviyon kaa kaam bhee shamil thaa, ack aisaa tathya jisake kaaran antatah unhein pada seey hataa diyaa gayaa.
iss avadhi key dauran, mottaram dou baar kent raajya vishvavidyalaya mein atithi vyakhyata they, jahan, ashwet parvat kavi aid dorn key saath, way sangeet samooh devo key shuruati samarthak they, aur isake sansthaapak gerald casal aur bobb luis, jinaki kavita mottram prakaashit hui jaba way "kavita sameeksha" key sampaadak they. unhone "dha rexroth reader" (1972) aur 1988 key sankalan "dha nyu british kavita" key khand kaa bhee sampadan kiya, joe punrutthan seey judey kaviyon koo diyaa gayaa thaa.
mrityu, abhilekhagar aur sangrah.
mottram kii mrityu 16 janwari 1995 koo landan mein hui.
unakaa sangrah abb kings college landan abhilekhagar kii dekhrekh mein haye. mottram key 'protease' bill griffith ney sangrah key ayojan mein sahaayata kii aur vartamaan mein ise valery saur dwara puuraa kiya jaa rhaa haye. carle cares ney nott kiya kii sangrah key bheetar madhyayugeen kavita, vishesh roop seey purani angreji kavita kaa prabhaav spasht haye.
erich motram kaa ack lekhah "kavita parr tippaniyan", pathyakram jeevan, patra aur teen kavitaaen, aur poorna erich motram granth soochi, tii dwara sampaadit ack dastaavez mein sankalit hain. wigneson, "tulanaatmak kavitaon kii patrika", khand. i, n°1 (peris), vasant 1989, pp. 37-63. usee patrika key khand 1 sankhya 2 aur 3 mein clive busch dwara erich motram granth soochi key liye ack poorak shamil haye.
baahari link.
 kavya kaa pradarshanah erich motram aur jerom rothenberg key kaam key utsav mein dou divasiya karyakram. kings college landan 12 aur 13 march 
 2022