
lui charles delsclues

lui charles delsclues (2 octuber 1809-25 maee 1871) ack francisi krantikari netaa, patrakaar aur peris samudaay key sainya commander they.
jeevani.
praarambhik jeevan.
deleclues kaa janm drakes, yoore-aitt-loyer mein huaa thaa. unhone peris mein kaanoon kaa adhyayan kiya aur kaee gupt ganarajya samajon key sadasya bunn gaye. unhone 1830 kii julaai kranti mein bhee bhaag liya, jisane borban rajshahi koo ukhaad fenka aur raajaa luis-phillip koo satta mein laa diyaa. 1836 mein unhein belgium mein sharan lene key liye majboor honah padaa, jahan unhone khud koo ganatantravaadi patrakaarita key liye samarpit curr diyaa.
way 1840 mein france laut aae aur valencience mein buss gaye. 1848 kii kranti key baad, jisane lui-phillip koo ukhaad fenka aur doosara francisi ganarajya banaaya, vaha peris chaley gaye, jahan unhone "laa revolution democratic aitt soshal" ("loktaantrik aur samajik kranti") naamak ack samachar patra shuru kiya, aur "solidarite republican" naamak krantikari sangathan kii sthaapana kii."juuna 1848 mein unhone aur anya krantikariyon ney nae ganarajya kii sarkaar koo ukhaad fenkane kaa asafal prayaas kiya, jise general luis-eugene cavagneck key tahat senaa dwara teji seey aur hinsak roop seey dabaaya gayaa thaa. march 1849 mein unhein cavagneck kii aalochana karane key liye giraftar kiya gayaa aur ack saal kii jail kii sajaa sunai gaee. aprail 1850 mein unhein phir seey giraftar kiya gayaa aur teen saal kii jail kii sajaa sunai gaee; jisake baad way france seey ingland bhaag gaye. vaha 1853 mein gupt roop seey france laut aaya, lekin usey giraftar curr liya gayaa aur duss saal kii jail aur nirvaasan kii sajaa sunai gaee. unhone sent-pelagi, belle-iley, carte aur anta mein french guyana mein devils dweep kii jailon mein apani sajaa poori kii. apane chhah saal key karawas key dauran, unhone ack sansmaran kii rachana kii, jise 1869 mein peris mein "dee peris aeye keyen, journal dee 'una transporte" key roop mein prakaashit kiya gayaa thaa.
1859 mein, unhein aur anya raajneetik kaidiyon koo samrat napolean III dwara giraftar kiya gayaa aur navambar 1860 mein way bimari seey kamjor hocker france laut aae. unakaa agala udyam "reville" kaa prakaashan thaa, joe 1864 mein sthaapit nae samajwadi antarrashtriya shramik sangh kaa samarthan karane vaalaa ack kattarpanthi samachar patra thaa. iss patrika ney unaki teen ninda kii, ack jurmana aur ack hii varsh mein karawas, antatah dabaa diyaa gayaa; aur vaha phir seey belgium bhaag gaye.
peris samudaay.
1870 key franco-german yuddh mein fraansisi senaa kii teji seey haar aur sedan kii ladaai mein samrat key kabje seey dusare samrajya kaa achaanak anta hoe gayaa aur fraansisi ganarajya kii ghoshana hoe gaee. naee sarkaar, jiska mukhyalaya bordo mein thaa, ney yuddh jaari rakhane kii koshish kii. 8 sitambar koo, delsclues peris laut aae aur naee rashtriya sarkaar key khilaf andolan karate hue krantikari rajneeti mein vaapas aaa gaye. navambar 1870 mein, way shramik varg key 19vein arrondicement key mahapour they. germans ney peris koo gher liya aur ack lambi gherabandi shuru kii aur shahar parr bambari shuru curr dee. 28 janwari 1871 koo, shahar mein bhookh aur bimari seey hajaaron mautein honey key baad, rashtriya raksha sarkaar ney germans key saath ack yuddhaviram parr hastakshar kiye. delsclues ney yuddhaviram kii ninda kii aur rashtriya raksha sarkaar key khilaf ack sashastr sangharsh kaa ahwan kiya. krantikariyon ney hotal dee wille koo jabt karane kii asafal koshish kii, aur delisclues kaa samachar patra kuchh samay key liye bund curr diyaa gayaa. 
18 march koo, francisi senaa ney montmartre kii oonchaai parr ack dipo mein sangraheet badee sankhya mein topon koo hataane kaa prayaas kiya, lekin unhein peris national gaard key sainikon dwara avaruddh curr diyaa gayaa. sainikon ney dou francisi senaa key generalon, clod lecomte aur jacques lyon clement-thomas koo jabt curr liya aur maar daala. peris key krantikari netaaon ney, jisamen delsclues bhee shamil thaa, ack naee krantikari sarkaar key liye teji seey chunaav aayojit kiye, jise peris commune kahaa jaataa haye. peris key aadhe loga, jyaadaatar way joe shahar key paschim mein adhik ameer pados mein they, anupasthit rahey, lekin poorv mein kamkaji varg key logon ney badee sankhya mein matdan kiya. 26 march koo delsclues koo 11vein aur 19vein arrondicements seey commune kaa sadasya chunaa gayaa, aur unhone rashtriya vidhansabha mein apani seat seey istifa dey diyaa. 27 march koo commune koo aupchaarik roop seey ghoshit kiya gayaa thaa. 
krantikari netaa.
apani pratishtha aur lambe krantikari currier key kaaran, jald hii samudaay kii pramukh samitiyon key sadasya bunn gaye; videsh sambandh aayog, karyakari aayog (4 aprail); saarvajanik suraksha samiti (9 maee) aur, halanki unake paas koee sainya anubhav naheen thaa, yuddh samiti key nagrik pratinidhi (11 maee), jisane unhein prabhaavi dhang seey samudaay kaa sainya netaa banaa diyaa. francisi khojkarta theodor bair, joe samudaay kaa samarthan karane key liye peru seey vaapas aae they, delesclues key vyaktigat sachiv bunn gaye. 
delisclues aur anya samudaay key sadasyon key paas apane nae prashaasan koo vyavasthit karane key liye bahut cumm samay thaa; generalon lekomte aur clement-thomas kii hatyaa key baad, francisi rashtriya sarkaar, mukhya karyakari adolph theors key netritva mein, apane mukhyalaya koo varsaay mein sthanantarit curr diyaa aur shahar parr phir seey kabja karane key liye francisi senaa koo jutana shuru curr diyaa. samudaay ney apane swayam key sainya bull, rashtriya rakshak koo sangathit kiya aur vipaksh koo dabaane key liye francisi kranti mein isi naam kii samiti key anusaar saarvajanik suraksha kii ack samiti kii sthaapana kii. vipakshi samachar patron koo bund curr diyaa gayaa aur 5 aprail seey shuru hocker, samudaay ney peris key archbishop aur dou sou pujaariyon aur anya dhaarmik hastiyon koo giraftar curr liya, aur unhein francisi sarkaar dwara aayojit ack kattarpanthi krantikari netaa auguste blanky key liye vyaapaar karane kaa prastaav rakhaa. theors ney manaa curr diyaa.
francisi senaa dwara peris kii ack naee gherabandi, german senaa kii nazaron mein shuru hui, joe abhee bhee shahar key uttar aur poorv kii unchaaiyon parr kabja curr rahee thee. jaise hii senaa ney sampark kiya, delsclues aur samudaay ney purani sarkaar key prateekon koo nasht karane key liye matdan kiya; 16 maee koo vendom collum koo neeche kheench liya gayaa thaa; adolph theors key ghar koo unake kalaa sangrah seey khaali curr diyaa gayaa thaa aur 16 maee koo dhwast curr diyaa gayaa thaa.
21 maee koo, jaba samachar aaya kii francisi senaa peris mein pravesh curr gaee haye, tou nagar key ack hisse key madhyam seey, jise anajaane mein maanav rahit chhod diyaa gayaa thaa, yeh baat saamane aaee kii kyaa samudayik sainya netaa koo dandit kiya jaae yaa naheen, tou samudaay key sadasya bahas curr rahey they. agale dinn, delsclues ney ack ghoshana jaari kii, jisamen sabhi perisiyon koo senaa key khilaf ladaai mein shamil honey kaa ahwan kiya gayaa. ack sanic key roop mein unhein koee anubhav naheen thaa, lekin way jaanate they kii kaise uttejak gadya likhana haye. yeh unaki ghoshana thee, jise 22 tarikh koo poore shahar mein mudrit aur post kiya gayaa thaah
"peris key logon key liyeh
rashtriya rakshak key liyeh
nagrik!
sainyavaad key liye paryaapt, apani vardi parr brad aur gilding key saath koee aur samanya karmchari naheen! logon key liye, nangi baahon vaale ladaakon key liye raasta banaao! krantikari yuddh kii ghadee buzz gaee haye. loga chatur chaal key baare mein kuchh naheen jaanate hain, lekin jaba unake haath mein ack rifle hoti haye, aur unake pairon key neeche footpath hotaa haye, tou unhein shaahi sainya school key sabhi rannitikaron seey darne kii koee baat naheen hoti haye.
hathiyar, nagrikon! hathiyaron key liye! jaisa kii aap jaanate hain, yeh ack sawal haye kii way pratikriyaavaadi aur paadari, una dukhi logon key nirdayi haathon mein jeet yaa gir jaate hain, jinhone apane karyon seey france koo prashiya koo saunp diyaa haye, aur joe hamein apane rajdroh key liye firauti denaa chaahte hain!
yadi aap chaahte hain kii pichhale chhah hafton seey paani kii tarah bahane vaalaa rakt kii udaar matra vyarth naa gaee hoe; yadi aap ack aise france mein rehna chaahte hain joe swatantra haye aur jahaan sabhi samaan hain; yadi aap apane bachchon koo apane dard aur dukh seey bachaana chaahte hain; tou aap ack aadami kii tarah uthenge-aur aapke durjeya pratirodh key kaaran, dushman, joe garv seey kalpana kartaa haye kii vaha aapako aapke joole mein vaapas daal dega, vaha khud koo apane bekaar apraadhon key liye sharminda paayega jisase vaha pichhale dou maheenon seey dagdar haye.
nagrik, aapke pratinidhi aapke saath ladenge aur yadi aavashyakta hogi tou marenge; lekin, iss gauravshali france key naam parr, sabhi lokpriya kraantiyon kii maan, nyaay aur ekjutata key vichaaron kii sthaayi ghar joe duniya key kaanoon honey chaahiye aur hogi, dushman parr march karein, aur apani krantikari oorjaa koo usey dikhaane dein kii gaddaar peris bechane kii koshish curr sakate hain, lekin koee bhee ise aatmasamarpan naheen curr sakata haye yaa ise jeet naheen sakata haye.
samudaay aap parr bharosa curr rhaa haye-samudaay parr bharosa karein!" 
unake saahasik shabdon key bavjood, samudaay ack badey nuksan mein thaa; samudaay balon kii sankhya senaa seey chaar yaa paanch seey ack adhik thee; unake paas bahut cumm prashikshit adhikaari they; aur, sabse mahatvapurna baat, unake paas shahar kii raksha key liye koee yojana naheen thee; pratyek pados koo apani raksha karane key liye bulaaya gayaa, jisase unake liye ack ekikrit bull key roop mein aage badhana yaa ladanaa asambhav hoe gayaa.
peris key liye ladaai 21 aur 28 maee 1871 key beach hui, jise baad mein "khooni saptah" key roop mein jaanaa jaane lagaa. 22 maee taka senaa ney montmartre aur shahar key paschimi hisse parr kabja curr liya thaa. 23 maee koo samudaay key netaa hotal dee wille key ander sthit they. unhone sarkari pradhikaran key prateek tularies mahal key saath-saath palace dee justice, court days comptage, palace dee laa legian dee 'onar, palace-royal kaa hissa, aur anya sarkari bhavanon aur sansthanon koo jalaane kaa adesh diyaa. 24 maee koo, jaise hii senaa ney sampark kiya, samajh mein aaya aur samudaay key netaaon koo hotal dee wille koo chhodana padaa. jaise hii way chaley gaye, city holl mein aag lagaa dee gaee, jisase imarat aur shahar key abhilekhagar nasht hoe gaye. usee dinn, saarvajanik suraksha samiti key adesh parr, archbishop darboy aur ack darjan anya bandhakon koo maar diyaa gayaa. agale dinn dominican pujaariyon key ack samooh koo maar diyaa gayaa. donon taraf ladaai kadvi thee; senaa dwara pakade gaye samudayik sainikon koo aksar binaa kissy aupchaariktaa key goli maar dee jaati thee. 
mrityu aur viraasat.
delsclues aur shesh samudaay key netaaon ney apane mukhyalaya koo 13vein arrondicement key city holl mein sthanantarit curr diyaa, lekin yeh pados bhee jald hii senaa dwara hamale kaa shikaar hoe gayaa. 25 tarikh koo shaam koo lagbhag 7.30 baje, delsclues ney samudaay key mukhya karyakari key roop mein apani aupchaarik saish pahani, aur nikatatam sanrakshit samudaay avarodhak kii or chaley, joe kii chatto-dee 'yuu sthaan parr thaa. nihatthe, vaha senaa key sainikon key spasht drishya mein barricade key sheersh parr chadh gayaa, aur usey turant goli maar dee gaee. delsclues kii mrityu key baad, ladaai 26 aur 27 tarikh koo jaari rahee, jaba perey lachais kabristan mein ack khooni ladaai ladee gaee thee. 28 maee koo samudaay key antim sainikon ney aatmasamarpan curr diyaa aur ladaai samaapt hoe gaee. senaa key hatahaton kii sankhya 873 thee aur 6,424 ghayal hue they. samudayik hatahaton kii ginati kabhi aadhikarik roop seey naheen kii gaee, lekin chhah seey saat hazaar samudayik sainikon koo asthaayi kabron mein dafnaya gayaa aur phir shahar key kabristanon mein phir seey dafnaya gayaa, aur anya teen hazaar koo achihnit kabron mein dafnaya gayaa hoga. 45, 522 samudayik kaidiyon koo leey jaaya gayaa, jinamen seey adhikansh koo riha curr diyaa gayaa. 3, 417 koo nirvaasan, 1,247 koo aajivan karawas, 3,359 koo cumm avadhi key liye aur 93 koo maut kii sajaa sunai gaee, jinamen seey 23 koo fansi dee gaee. vahaan parr koee chihnit kabr naheen haye. unaki anupasthiti aur unaki hatyaa kii report key bavjood, unaki anupasthiti mein ack sainya nyayadhikaran dwara aupchaarik roop seey mukadama chalaaya gayaa aur unhein maut kii sajaa sunai gaee. 
1930 mein, peris kii nagar parishad ney 11vein arrondicement mein ack sadak kaa naam rakhane key liye matdan kiya.