scoda 15t

scoda 15tii (jise scoda forcity alfa key roop mein bhee jaanaa jaataa haye) ack 100% nimn-tala bahu-ikai traum haye jise vukav aeye dwara vikasit kiya gayaa haye.aiss. aur praag traum network key liye pilson mein scoda parivahan dwara nirmit. yeh scoda 14 tii kaa uttaradhikari thaa, jisamen 14 tii key sanchaalan key dauran paaee jaane vaali samasyaon koo thheek karane key liye spasht dibbon aur adhik shakti kii visheshta thee. 15tii mein train key donon chhoron parr spasht dibbe hain, aur khandon key beach jacobs dibbe hain. traum mein pratyek khand mein dou dohare darwaaje (yaa dou-dishaatmak sanskaran mein chaar) hain joe yaatriyon koo teji seey chadhane kii anumati dete hain, aur ack atirikt side darwaja joe chaalak key kebin kii or jaataa haye.
design.
scoda 15tii forcity koo atyadhik modular key roop mein vikasit kiya gayaa thaa; ise paanch kaar boddy section aur lambai key saath pesh kiya jaataa haye. iska upayog maap parr kiya jaa sakata haye aur shareer chauda hoe sakata haye. traum ack-dishaatmak yaa dwi-dishaatmak hoe sakati haye. isamen 60 pratishat pahiye seey laker pahaadi shaharon mein network key liye sanchaalit sabhi pahiyon taka hoe sakate hain. choonki dibbe uchchaaran key tahat hain aur shareer key vargon key aantarik sthaan mein hastakshep naheen karate hain, isaliye aantarik leout aur darvaajon key sthaan kaa aseemit vikalp haye.
vaahan kii mool lambai koo sanshodhit kiya jaa sakata haye. dou yaa dou seey adhik vaahanon koo jodaa jaa sakata haye. traum kii upasthiti aur saamane kaa design upayogkarta-paribhaashit haye.
nae model traum lambe hoe sakate hain aur aramdayak sthaan parr 539 yaatriyon koo leey jaa sakate hain.
dibbe.
iss samay key liye adhikansh aaee. dee. 1. nichali manjil key trams dwara upayog kiye jaane vaale nishchit dibbe track key kharaab honey koo badhaate hain aur usa gati koo cumm karate hain jiss parr ack traum ack vakr (aamtaur parr trijya vakr parr) seey gujar sakata haye. 15tii koo abhivyakti key tahat jacobs dibbon kaa upayog karke aur traum key anta mein dhuri dibbon kaa upayog karke inn kamiyon seey nipatane key liye design kiya gayaa haye.
kuchh samay key liye 15t koo poorna-matdan dibbon key saath utpaadan mein ekmatra 100% nichali manjil kii traum kahaa jaataa thaa. halanki, alstom citadis x04, ack prayogaatmak 100% nichali manjil kii traum joe vartamaan mein dhuri dibbon key saath vikasit kii jaa rahee haye (lekin dibbon parr oonchi manjil key baithane key khandon key saath), ney istambul mein ack sanshodhit seatdis 301 (ack nishchit kendra bogi key saath) key roop mein praarambhik utpaadan kii upasthiti darj karaai haye, aur, ack samaan aantarik vyavastha key saath ack traum, aur sabhi dhuri dibbon, helsinki key liye parikshanon seey gujar rhaa haye. tramcar kii samaan lambai key saath, scoda 15tii mein chaar dibbe bhee hain, jabaki teen (nishchit) dibbon (adhikansh 100% nichali manjil key trams key samaan) kii tulanaa mein, isake poorvavarti, scoda 14 tii, joe pratyek pahiye key patari parr daalane vaale bhaar koo cumm kartaa haye. traum kaa adhikansh tala rail key oopar haye, lekin dibbon key oopar kii oonchaai rail key oopar haye. sankraman binaa aantarik charanon key jhukaa huaa haye. kendriya dibbon key oopar kaa galiyara chauda haye.
graahak kii prathmiktaon key aadhar parr sabhi dibbon koo chalaaya jaa sakata haye, yaa kuchh bekaar hoe sakate hain. dibbon mein dou dhuri aur dou-stariya spring hoti haye. ghudsavaar pahiye rubber seey nikalane vaale hotey hain, jisamen ekikrit break-disk aur axel bearing hotey hain. axel bearing parr ack sanyukt, gatishil roop seey pratirodhi, praathamik rubber-bandhe-dhaatu-sprung bogi dhancha haye. yeh dhancha chaar karshan motors aur ack (baahari dibbon mein) yaa dou (aantarik dibbon mein) ubharate swing boulters kaa samarthan kartaa haye. swing boulters kii dwiteeyak spring samanantar hydrolic ghoornan dampers key saath steel coil springs dwara surakshit haye. swing boulters mein dhuri bearing hoti haye, joe binaa kissy seema key shareer key neeche bogi key poorna ghoornan kii suvidha pradaan karati haye.
pahiye aur motor.
sabhi dibbon mein samaan pahiye hotey hain, jinamen shore koo cumm karane key liye tyres koo nama karane vaale rubber paid hotey hain. chayanit dibbon koo sanding pranali seey susajjit kiya jaa sakata haye.
vaahan karshan ikaaiyon dwara chalaaya jaataa haye. pratyek ikai mein vaahan kii chhat parr karshan paatr aur chaar karshan motor hotey hain, joe ack driving bogi key pahiyon koo chalaate hain. sambandhit dibbon parr vyaktigat wheel drive chipakane kii sthitiyon kaa sahee upayog aur modd aur seedhi rekhaaon donon parr aadarsh sawari koo surakshit kartaa haye. rotter parr sthaayi chumbak uttejana key saath 3-charan samkaalik motor hain. way baahar key pahiyon seey bogi dhaanche mein lagey hotey hain. karshan motor ack gear boxes kaa upayog naheen karate hain-way traum pahiyon koo seedhe ack yaantrik roop seey disconnectable jabade clutch key madhyam seey chalaate hain.
jabaki drive koo dou niyantran ikaaiyon dwara niyantrit kiya jaataa haye joe tej kramik sanchaar dwara ack saath judey hotey hain, suraksha paripath aur kaary hardware-hull hotey hain.
break.
breaking mukhya roop seey electrodynamic break dwara kii jaati haye joe breaking oorjaa koo vidyut grid mein vaapas laane mein saksham banaati haye. yadi isaki koee aavashyakta naheen haye, tou breaking oorjaa kaa upayog mukhya roop seey vaahan key sahayak upkaranon koo khilaane key liye kiya jaa rhaa haye, jabaki baaki break pratirodhakon mein samaapt hoe jaate hain. vidyut-gatishil break grid kii voltage viphalata key dauran bhee swachaalit roop seey chalane mein saksham haye. viphalata key mamle mein, break lagaana gharshan disk break kii pranali dwara swachaalit roop seey kiya jaataa haye, joe taba taka kaam karega jaba taka kii vaahan poori tarah seey bund naheen hoe jaataa. gharshan disk break koo vidyut sampeedan ikai key saath hydrolic roop seey niyantrit kiya jaataa haye. pratyek bogi 24 vee. dee. see. key voltage key saath vidyut chumbakiya rail break kii ack jodee seey bhee susajjit haye. gharshan disk break bhee parking break kaary koo sunishchit kartaa haye.
darwaaje.
vaahan kii pratyek shareer ikai parr dou dohare darwaaje hotey hain (yaa unamen seey chaar dwi-dishaatmak sanskaran parr), yaa vaikalpik roop seey pratyek shareer ikai parr ack-ack darwaja hoe sakata haye joe kissy bhee side panel key sthaan parr sthit hoe. chaalak key kebin kii or jaane vaalaa ack alag darwaja hotaa haye. darwaaje baahar kii or khisak jaate hain. pratyek darwaja ack vyaktigat niyantran ikai seey susajjit haye, joe ise sanchaalit kartaa haye aur vaahan kendriya niyantran ikai key saath sanchaar kartaa haye. chayanit dou darvaajon vaale kshetra mein yaa tou ramp yaa lift hoe sakati haye jisase seemit gatishilata vaale yaatriyon key liye aasaan pravesh hoe sakata haye. saikil aur praam key liye bhee ack kamra hoe sakata haye.
utpaadan.
praag.
scoda forcity ney 2005 mein 250 nae trams key liye praag parivahan company kii bolly prakriya jeeti. order kaa moolya 17 billion cjdk (lagbhag 68 million cjdk prati ikai (2,3 million € prati ikai-1 € 2005 = 29,6czk) haye.
pahale prototype kaa pareekshan 2009 mein shuru huaa, yaatriyon key saath pahali sawari octuber 2010 mein shuru hui aur antim tramcar 2017 mein vitarit kii jaayegi. prototype mein 3 prakaar kii seeten theen-lakadi, plastic aur kapade kii asbab key saath. yaatriyon ney ack internet poul mein nirnay liya haye kii vitarit sanskaran mein lakadi kii seeton kaa upayog kiya jaayega.
2011 mein pahale batch kii delivery key dauran, praag parivahan company ney yatri dibbe mein vatanukoolan kii sthaapana key sambandh mein scoda key saath baatchit shuru kii. isane iss chinta koo bhee uthaaya kii 1,000-horse power vaali streetcar anaavashyak roop seey shaktishali hoe sakati haye aur reega sanskaran mein upayog kiye jaane vaale samadhan kaa prastaav rakhaa, jisamen chaar mein seey kewal teen dibbe sanchaalit hain. parivahan company key vichaar mein atirikt vatanukoolan kii keemat koo pahale bogi key motors koo samaapt karke cover kiya jaanaa chaahiye. maee, 2011 taka, yeh abhee taka taya naheen kiya gayaa thaa kii yeh samadhan lagu kiya jaayega yaa naheen. pahala yeh mudda haye kii mool nivida mein pratibhaagi parivartan kaa mukabala curr sakate hain aur ack naee pratiyogita kii aavashyakta hoe sakati haye; doosara yeh pareekshan karna hoga kii kyaa poorna asanjan key binaa 15t praag key pahaadi network parr gaadi chalaane mein saksham hoga.
maee 2014 mein, praag shahar key liye vittiya samasyaon key kaaran, praag parivahan company aur scoda parivahan ney order kii delivery key liye aur order key antim 125 traum mein poorna vatanukoolan aur vaaee-faaee kii fitting key liye chaar atirikt varshon key liye anubandh parr phir seey baatchit kii. juuna, 2014 taka, order key pahale 100 traum vitarit kiye jaa chuke they aur sanshodhit trams mein seey pahala (order key dusare bhaag seey) 2015 mein vitarit kiya jaayega.
reega.
maee 2008 mein scoda ney reega parivahan company (latvia) key saath 13 karod cjdk (lagbhag 65 laakh cjdk prati ikai (26 laakh euro prati ikai-1 2008 = = key 20 traum (anya 32 key vikalp key saath) kii delivery key liye ack anubandh kiya. bolly prakriya 2007 mein shuru hui aur isamen kull 9 companiyon ney bhaag liya. reega sanskaran teen-khandon vaalaa haye, jaise kii praag sanskaran, poore traum key liye vatanukoolan key saath (kewal chaalak key kebin key liye praag) aur yeh safed-neele rung mein haye. praag key sanskaran key vipareet, jisamen sabhi dibbon koo kathin chipakane vaali sthitiyon (praag mein pahaadi ilaka haye) key kaaran chalaaya jaataa haye, reega traum mein 3 dibbe sanchaalit hain (pahali bogi mein motor naheen haye). traum mein reega mein upayog kii jaane vaali scoda trolleybus key samaan asbab vaali seeten hain.
pahali traum march, 2010 mein reega koo dee gaee thee, doosari agast 2010 mein aur anya 18 2011 key anta seey pahale vitarit kii gaee thee. yaatriyon key saath pahali sawari juuna, 2010 mein thee, joe pahale pareekshan-drive key baad thee.
reega, latvia key liye 6 chaar-khand vaali tramcar (lambi) bhee banaai gaee hain, kyonki shahar ney 32 key poorv-sahmat vikalp (joe 20 key liye pichhale adesh kaa hissa thaa) kaa ack hissa lagu karane kaa faisala kiya haye. inhen juuna aur octuber 2012 key beach vitarit kiya gayaa thaa.
aprail 2016 mein reega transport (rs) ney scoda parivahan koo 20 aur, 15t forcity low-flore traum kii aapoorti key liye ack € 62.6m anubandh seey sammaanit kiya. adesh mein 15 teen-khand vaahan aur paanch chaar-khand ell. aar. vee. shamil hain. sabhi 20 vaahanon kii delivery agale saal honey vaali haye. line 1 parr-gaze 600 vee. dee. see. vaahanon kaa upayog kiya jaayega, joe reega pados key jugla koo emanta seey jodata haye, vaastav mein yeh line chauthi aur chhathi lines koo jodati haye.
anya nividaaen.
anya shaharon mein "forcity" traum key liye scoda dwara kaee asafal nividaaen dee gaee hain.
praag key ack scoda 15tii kaa 2012 mein german shahar camnitz mein traum network parr pareekshan aur pramanan kiya gayaa. baad mein, 2016 mein "forcity classic" traum key liye ack adesh diyaa gayaa thaa.
chean.
2013 mein scoda ney licenses key tahat cheeni bajar key liye scoda 15t kaa utpaadan karane key liye cheeni csr sifang key saath ack samjhaute parr hastakshar kiye hain. 10 saal kaa samjhauta 400 traum taka koo cover curr sakata haye. pahala ack-dishaatmak prototype 2014 mein banaaya gayaa thaa.
2015 mein csr sifang ney 27tii key roop mein naamit 15tii parr adharit naee dwi-dishaatmak traum kaa anaavaran kiya. yeh vaahan chauda haye aur dou-dishaatmak haye. paaramparik overhead line key alawa vaahan koo battery, supercapacitor yaa hydrogen-eendhan seey sanchaalit kiya jaa sakata haye.
march 2016 mein kingdao traum kii pahali line kaa udghaatan kiya gayaa thaa, jisamen saat csr sifang key bede ney 27 tunn traum kaa utpaadan kiya thaa. traum lambe hotey hain aur binaa overhead vidyuteekaran key maarg key kuchh hisson mein seva kii anumati dene key liye hydrogen eendhan koshikaon kaa upayog karate hain. baad mein, inn trams dwara sanchaalit ack aur pranali koo fushion mein khola gayaa haye. maee 2019 mein dillinga traum kii pahali traum kaa anaavaran kiya gayaa thaa. traum dou khand lambe hotey hain aur overhead vidyuteekaran key binaa maarg key kuchh hisson mein seva kii anumati dene key liye supercapacitor aur lithium-tyten battery oorjaa bhandaran kaa upayog karate hain.

