
phain chung

phain-rong king chung graham (; janm 9 octuber, 1949), jinhen peshevar roop seey phain chung key roop mein jaanaa jaataa haye, ack americi ganitshastri hain joe mukhya roop seey varnakramiya graph siddhant, charam graph siddhant aur yaadrichhik graph key kshetron mein kaam karate hain, vishesh roop seey samanya degree vitaran key saath graph key liye erdos-renee model koo samanya banaane mein (badey soochana network key adhyayan mein shakti-kaanoon graph sahit).
1998 seey, chung california vishvavidyalaya, saine diego (yuu. see. aiss. dee.) mein sanyojan vigyaan mein paul erdos professor rahey hain. unhone 1974 mein herbert wilf key nirdeshan mein pensylvania vishvavidyalaya seey doctorate praapt kii. unnis varshon taka bell laboratories aur belkor mein kaam karane key baad, vaha ganit mein pahali mahila professor key roop mein pensylvania vishvavidyalaya key sankaay mein shamil huin. vaha ack darjan seey adhik antarrashtriya patrikaon key sampadakiya boardon mein kaary karati hain. 2003 seey vaha "internet ganit" kii pradhaan sampaadak rahee hain. unhein kaee sammelanon mein vyakhyan dene key liye aamantrit kiya gayaa haye, jisamen 1994 mein antarrashtriya ganit congress aur americi ganitiya samaaj kii 2008 kii vaarshik baithak mein pagerank key ganit parr ack poorna vyakhyan shamil haye. unhein 2009 mein nother lecturer key roop mein chunaa gayaa thaa.
jeevani.
phain chung kaa janm 9 octuber, 1949 koo kaoshiyung, taiwan mein huaa thaa. apane pitaa, ack engineer key prabhaav mein, vaha ganit mein ruchi lene luggy, vishesh roop seey kaoshiyung mein uchch vidyalaya mein sanyojan key kshetra mein. hyee school key baad, chung ney aupchaarik roop seey ganit mein apana currier shuru karane key liye rashtriya taiwan vishvavidyalaya (aine. tii. yuu.) mein pravesh kiya. jabaki chung ack snaatak theen, vaha kaee mahila ganitvidon seey ghiri hui theen, aur isase unhein ganit kaa adhyayan karane key liye protsaahit karane mein madad millie.
aine. tii. yuu. seey bee. key saath snaatak honey key baad.aiss. chung ney ganit mein apana currier banaane key liye pensylvania vishvavidyalaya mein dakhila liya. vahaan unhone yogyata pariksha mein vyaapak antar seey uchchatam ank praapt kiya, jisase herbert wilf kaa dhyaan aakarshit huaa, joe antatah unake doctorate salaahkaar bunn gaye. wilf ney sujhaav diyaa kii ramse siddhant ack vishay key roop mein chung parr kaam curr sakata haye. ack saptah key dauran adhyayan samagri chung ney kshetra mein sthaapit parinamon key liye nae pramaan diye they. wilf ney kahaah "merrie aankhen phooli hui theen. main bahut utsaahit thaa. maine usey blackboard parr jaane aur mujhe dikhaane key liye kahaa. unhone joe likhaa vaha avishvasaniya thaa! ack saptah mein, ack thhandi shuruat seey, usey ramsey siddhant mein ack badaa parinam milaa. maine usey bataaya kii usane abhee-abhee dou-tihai doctorate shodh prabandh kiya haye."
chung koo ack aim seey sammaanit kiya gayaa thaa.aiss. 1972 mein aur ack ph.dee. dou saal baad. iss samay taka, vaha shadishuda thee aur pahale hii apane pahale bachche koo janm dey chuki thee. usee varsh unhein ph. dee. praapt hui.dee. aur nyu jersey key murre hill mein bell prayogshalaon mein computing vibhaag kii ganitiya neenv key liye kaam karna shuru kiya. ghanti prayogshalaon mein sthiti anya utkrisht ganitvidon key saath kaam karane kaa avsar thaa, lekin isane unaki ganitiya duniya mein bhee shaktishali yogdan diyaa. unhone kaee prabhaavshaali ganitiya shodh patra prakaashit kiye hain, aur rone graham key saath kaee sanyukt shodh patra prakaashit kiye hain.
ghanti prayogashaalaaen.
1974 mein, phain chung ney pensylvania vishvavidyalaya seey snaatak kii upaadhi praapt kii aur nyu jersey key murre hill mein bell prayogshalaon mein computing vibhaag kii ganitiya neenv key liye kaam karane vaale takniki karmchaariyon key sadasya bunn gaye. unhone heinry polak key tahat kaam kiya. iss dauran, chung ney kaee pramukh ganitvidon key saath sahyog kiya joe ronn graham jaisi ghanti prayogshalaon key liye kaam karate hain.
1975 mein, chung ney graham key saath apana pahala sanyukt pepper prakaashit kiya, "poorna dvidaliya graph key liye bahu rangeen ramsey nambaron parr", joe "journal off combinatorial theory (shrinkhala bee)" mein prakaashit huaa thaa.
1983 mein bell telephone company vibhajit hoe gaee thee. jaba seey polak ack naee company mein shamil hue aur ack shodh ikai key pramukh baney, unhone chung koo shodh prabandhak banane key liye kahaa. unhone ikai mein kaee ganitvidon kii dekhrekh kii.
1990 mein, vaha belkor vishvavidyalaya fellowship praapt karane vaali pahali mahilaaon mein seey ack theen, joe unhone harvard vishvavidyalaya mein bitaai thee.
baad mein currier.
bell laboratories aur belkor mein bees saal kaam karane key baad, chung ney ganit key professor banane key liye pensylvania vishvavidyalaya mein vaapas jaane kaa faisala kiya. 1998 mein, unhein california vishvavidyalaya, saine diego mein ganit kii pratishthit professor naamit kiya gayaa thaa.
graph siddhant mein apane yogdan seey parey, chung ney vigyaan key vibhinn kshetron koo jodane key liye apane gyaan kaa upayog kiya haye. jaisa kii unhone "soochana yug mein graph siddhant" mein likhaa haye,
chung key jeevan koo 2017 kii vrittachitra film "ladkiyon koo joe ganit seey pyaar karati theen" mein chitrit kiya gayaa thaa.
2012 mein, vaha americi ganitiya samaaj kii ack sadasya bunn gaeen.
chung badey paimaane parr ack americi ganitiya samaaj (aeye. aim. aiss.) parishad key sadasya they.
vyaktigat jeevan.
chung key dou bachche hain; pahali santan kaa janm unaki pahali shaadi seey snaatak kii padhaai key dauran huaa thaa. 
phain chung kii pahali shaadi 1982 mein talaak mein samaapt hoe gaee. haalaanki, jaba unhone bell laboratories mein kaam kiya, tou vaha ronald graham seey mileen. usa samay key dauran, way karibi dost bunn gaye aur graph siddhant mein kaee sanyukt patra prakaashit kiye, antatah 1983 mein shaadi curr lii. 2020 mein unaki mrityu taka unaki shaadi unase hui thee. 
paul hoffman kii pustak "dha maine huu loved onli numbers" mein, chung ney graham key saath apani shaadi key baare mein kahaah
chung aur graham donon hii ganitshastri paul erdos key karibi dost they, aur donon ney unake saath shodh patra prakaashit kiye hain-unake mamle mein 13; iss prakaar, donon key paas ack kii sankhya haye. 1998 mein, graham aur chung ney "erdos onn graphs" pustak kaa saha-lekhan kiya."
shodh.
chung ney 200 seey adhik shodh patra aur teen pustaken prakaashit kii hainh
varnakramiya graph siddhant.
phain chung key prakashanon mein, varnakramiya graph siddhant mein unakaa yogdan graph siddhant key iss kshetra key liye mahatvapurna haye. anirdisht graph key baare mein pahale prakashanon seey laker nirdeshit graph key baare mein haal key prakashanon taka, phain chung bhavishya key graph siddhantkar key liye varnakramiya graph siddhant mein thhos aadhar banaata haye.
varnakramiya graph siddhant, graph siddhant mein sabse mahatvapurna siddhanton mein seey ack key roop mein, beejganit aur graph koo poori tarah seey jodata haye. aitihaasik roop seey, beejganitiya vidhiyaan kaee prakaar key graphon kaa kushalata seey ilaaj karati hain. unake kaam ney vibhedak jyaamiti key connection key saath varnakramiya graph siddhant key liye ack jyaamitiya drishtikon shuru kiya. jeevani "phain rong key chung graham" key anusaar, varnakramiya graph siddhant adhyayan kartaa haye kii kaise ack graph key laplacian kaa spectrum isake sanyojan gunon seey sambandhit haye.".
1997 mein, americi ganitiya samaaj ney chung kii pustak "varnakramiya graph siddhant" prakaashit kii. yeh pustak kaee vishvavidyalayon mein ack maanak paathyapustak bunn gaee aur iss kshetra mein ruchi rakhane vaale kaee ganit chhatron key liye varnakramiya graph siddhant kaa adhyayan karane kii kunji haye. varnakramiya graph siddhant mein phain chung kaa adhyayan graph key iss "beejganitiya sampark" koo ack nae aur uchch star parr laataa haye.
network vigyaan.
yaadrichhik graph model mein phain chung kaa kaam network vigyaan key kshetra mein naee roshni daaltaa haye. kaee vaastavik duniya key badey soochana network (jaise internet graph, coll graph aur sahyog graph, aadi).) koo bijli kaanoon vitaran dwara achchi tarah seey anumaanit maanaa gayaa haye. chung-luu model mein phain chung key kaam ney yaadrichhik graph koo manmaane dhang seey degree vitaran key saath upchaar karane key siddhant kaa beedaa uthaaya, jisamen shakti kaanoon graph bhee shamil hain. unakaa kaam badey jatil network key modeling aur vishleshan key liye matratmak aur kathor vishleshan key liye ack thhos dhancha pradaan kartaa haye. yeh aksar network vigyaan mein nae graph model kii tulanaa karane key liye ack lokpriya benchmark key roop mein bhee kaary kartaa haye.
2006 mein, americi ganit samaaj aur ganitiya vigyaan key sammelan board ney prashansak chung aur linuan luu kii pustak "jatil graph aur network" koo saha-prakaashit kiya. pustak ney vaastavik duniya key badey soochana network kaa vishleshan karane key liye sanyojan, sambhaavit, varnakramiya tarikon key saath-saath anya nae aur behtar upkaranon kaa upayog karane key liye ack achchi tarah seey sanrachit vyakhya dee.
ardh-yaadrichhik graph.
phain chung ney, ronald graham aur richard willson key saath milkar, truti seema key niyantran key madhyam seey graph gunon key beach samaantaa kii ack majboot dhaarana pesh kii aur ardh-yaadrichhik graph key siddhant koo vikasit kiya. shodh patron kii ack shrinkhala mein (kaee saha-lekhakon key saath), unhone dikhaaya kii graph gunon kaa ack badaa parivaar iss arth mein samkaksh haye kii yadi ack graph kissy ack guna koo santusht kartaa haye, tou usey una sabhi koo santusht karna hoga. samatulya ardh-yaadrichhik gunon key samooh mein gunon kaa ack aashcharyajanak roop seey vividh sangrah shamil haye, aur isaliye graph gunon koo maanya karane key liye kushal tareeke pradaan kartaa haye. kaee (lekin sabhi naheen) yaadrichhik graph guna ardh-yaadrichhik hain. ardh-yaadrichhikta kii dhaarana koo kaee anya sanyojan sanrachanaon, jaise anukram, pratiyogita, hypergraph aur graph seemaon taka vistaarit kiya gayaa haye. samanya taur parr, ardh-yaadrichhikta kaa siddhant 'yaadrichhik-jaise' yaa 'chhadm' vikalpon key liye ack kathor drishtikon detaa haye.
charam graph siddhant.
charam graph siddhant mein ack buniyaadi prashn diye gaye ghanatva yaa vitaran key saath graph mein apariharya pattern aur sanrachanaon koo khojana haye. ack poorak samasya ack sabse chhota graph khojana haye jisamen graph key diye gaye parivaar key pratyek sadasya koo upgraph key roop mein shamil kiya gayaa haye. paul erdos key saath kaam kii ack shrinkhala mein, chung ney apariharya graph aur hypergraph key aakar aur sanrachanaon koo nirdhaarit kiya. kaee saha-lekhakon key saath, unhone saarvbhaumik graph parr kaee suruchipurna aur aashcharyajanak parinam bhee praapt kiye. charam graph siddhant key inn kshetron mein unake maulik yogdan key samanantar gananaon mein kaee anuprayog hain.

