
fayer emp

fayer emp koyla khadanon mein paaee jaane vaali koee bhee jwalansheel gais haye, aamtaur parr coalbed meethen. yeh vishesh roop seey una kshetron mein paaya jaataa haye jahan koyla bituminus haye. gais koyale aur aspas key staron mein jamaa hoe jaati haye aur jaba way pravesh curr jaate hain tou release visfoton koo trigger curr sakati haye. aitihaasik roop seey, yadi iss tarah kii jeb parr atyadhik dabaav daala jaataa thaa, tou ise "ashuddhata kaa thaila" kahaa jaataa thaa.
naam.
grate britten aur uttari america mein koyla khadanon mein paaee jaane vaali sabhi gasses (havaa key alawa) koo saamoohik naam diyaa gayaa haye. 
fayer kiye gaye damp key saath-saath anya damp mein "blackdamp" (carbon dioxide, jall vaashp aur anya gasses kaa gair-shwas yogya mishran); whittemp (carbon monoxide aur dahan dwara utpaadit anya gaisen); jaharile, visfotak "stinkdamp" (hydrogen sulphide), isaki visheshta saree hui-andey kii gandh key saath; aur nakali ghaatak "afterdamp" (carbon monoxide aur anya gaisen) shamil hain joe fayer kiye gaye damp yaa koyale kii dhool key visfoton key baad utpann hotey hain.
vyutpatti.
aksar agni-damp key roop mein hyphenated, pahale bhaag mein ack jwalansheel prakaar kii bhoomigat khadaan gais key liye yeh shabd purani angreji "fire" key madhyam seey aur "fire" key liye proto-german "foor" seey praapt hotaa haye (dutch aur german mein ack hii shabd kii utpatti, puraane saxon, frisian aur norse mein samaan mool vartani key saath, saath hii saath madhya dutch aur puraane uchch german). dusare bhaag mein, "aardr" (aamtaur parr aardrata koo ingit karane key liye samajha jaataa haye) kaa arth cumm seey cumm 18 veen shatabdi key pahale dashak taka usa nae, aprasangik arth seey alag honey kaa pramaan prastut kartaa haye, jahaan "vaashp" kaa mool praasangik arth bhee ack proto-german mool, "dampass" seey praapt hotaa haye, jisane apane tatkaal angreji poorvavarti, madhya nimn german "aardr" (ack puraane angreji madhyasth kaa koee record naheen) koo janm diyaa. pahale kii vyutpatti key saath, proto-german "dampass" ney kaee anya sangyanatmak tatvon koo janm diyaa, jisamen puraane uchch german "damp", puraane norse "dampy" aur aadhunik german "dampf" shamil hain, jinamen seey antim abhee bhee "vaashp" key roop mein anuvaadit hotaa haye.
khadanon mein honey vaali mauton mein yogdan.
fayer kiye gaye visfot 4 pratishat aur 16 pratishat key beach kii sandrata mein visfotak hotey hain, jinamen seey adhikansh visfot lagbhag 10 pratishat parr hotey hain. geordi lamp aur davie lamp key aavishkaar seey pahale yeh koyla khadanon mein kaee mauton kaa kaaran banaa. suraksha lamp koo aam upayog mein laae jaane key baad bhee, fayer kiye gaye visfot taba bhee utpann chingari key kaaran hoe sakate hain jaba pyrite seey dooshit koyale koo dhaatu key upkaranon seey maaraa jaataa thaa. havaa mein koyale kii dhool kii upasthiti ney fayer kiye gaye visfot key saath visfot kaa khatra badhaa diyaa aur fayer kiye gaye visfot key abhaav mein bhee visfot hoe sakate hain. ingland mein tyneside koyla khadanon mein bituminus koyale kaa ghaatak sanyojan pyrits seey dooshit thaa aur 1835 mein wallsand mein 102 logon key maare jaane sahit fayer kiye gaye visfoton key kaaran honey vaali durghatanaon mein badee sankhya mein mautein huin.
khaanon mein firepamp kii samasya koo 1677 taka shaahi samaaj key dhyaan mein laaya gayaa thaa aur 1733 mein james lother ney bataaya kii safed swarg key paas namak mein ack nae gaddhe key liye ack shaft duba jaa rhaa thaa, jaba ack badee rihaai hui thee jaba kaale patthar kii ack parat koo koyale kii silai mein toda diyaa gayaa thaa. ack mombatti seey prajwalit, isane ack sthir lau dee thee "vyaas mein lagbhag aadhaa yard, aur dou gaj key karib oonchi. jwala bujhaai jaa rahee thee aur kaale patthar key madhyam seey ack vyaapak pravesh, gais key punrutthan ney ack badee lau dee, vyaas mein ack yard aur lagbhag teen gaj oonchi, jise kewal kathinaaee key saath bujhaa diyaa gayaa thaa. blover koo shaft seey panel kiya gayaa thaa aur satah parr pipe kiya gayaa thaa, jahaan dhaaee saal seey adhik samay baad yeh hamesha kii tarah teji seey jaari rhaa, kuchh sekand mein ack badey mootrashay koo bhar diyaa. samaaj key sadasyon ney surr james saathi koo chunaa, lekin pepper key lekhak, carlisle speeding key daave (antatah galat paaya gayaa) parr koee samadhan naheen nikaal sakey aur naa hii sudhaar curr sakey, kii "iss tarah kii vaashp, yaa nama havaa, aag naheen lagaayegi sivaay lau key; chingari ise prabhaavit naheen karati haye, aur iss kaaran seey iss tarah key nama seey prabhaavit sthaanon mein flint aur steel kaa upayog karna aksar hotaa haye, joe ack chamakata huaa prakaash dega, joe kathin mamalon mein shramikon key liye ack badee madad haye."
firepamp kii samasya kaa mukabala karane key liye ack badaa kadam taba aaya jaba firepamp koo prajwalit karane mein asamarth honey key saath-saath roshni pradaan karane key uddeshya seey suraksha lamp, george stephenson aur humphrey davie donon dwara prastaavit kiye gaye they, jaise kii 25 maee 1812 koo nucasal onn tyne key paas khadaan aapada mein 92 logon kii maut hoe gaee thee. davie ney peetal key jaali key saath prayog kiya, antaral key adhikatam aakar aur jaali key madhyam seey gujarane vaali lau koo rokane key liye ishtatam taar kii motai kaa nirdhaaran kiya. yadi iss prakaar ack nagna lau poori tarah seey iss tarah key ack jaali seey ghiri hui thee, tou meethen deepak mein jaa sakati thee aur lau key oopar surakshit roop seey jall sakati thee. stephenson kaa deepak ("geordi lamp") ack alag siddhant parr kaam kartaa thaah lau kaanch seey ghiri hui thee; lau taka havaa kii pahunch naliyon key madhyam seey paryaapt roop seey sankeern thee kii aaney vaale fayer kiye gaye fayer mein lau vaapas naheen jall sakati thee aur baahar nikalane vaali gasses mein oxygen bahut cumm thee taaki sanlagn lau aspas key vayumandal taka pahunch sakey. donon siddhanton koo suraksha lamp key baad key sanskaranon mein jodaa gayaa thaa.
suraksha deepak key vyaapak roop seey pesh kiye jaane key baad bhee, visfot jaari rahey kyonki shuruati deepak najuk they aur aasaani seey kshatigrast hoe gaye they. udaaharan key liye, ack davie lamp parr lohe kii jaali koo asurakshit honey key liye kewal ack taar khone kii aavashyakta hoti haye. prakaash bhee bahut kharaab thaa (nagna lau kii tulanaa mein) aur buniyaadi design mein sudhaar karane key nirantar prayaas kiye gaye. jwala suraksha deepak mein jalate meethen key shanku kii oonchaai kaa upayog sthaaniya vatavaran mein gais kii sandrata kaa anuman lagaane key liye kiya jaa sakata haye. 1890 key dashak taka koyla karkhanon mein surakshit aur vishvasaniya bijli key deepak upalabdh naheen they.