
saanta clara cannery strike

saanta clara cannery hadtaal 1931 kii garmiyon key dauran hui. shramikon ney majdoori mein 20 pratishat kii katauti key virodh mein cannery seey swatah hii baahar nickle aae. inn shramikon koo sthaaniya adhikaariyon seey hinsa kaa saamana karna padaa aur hadtaalkaariyon koo shramikon kii jagah lene key liye laaya gayaa. jabaki yeh hadtaal asafal rahee, isane cannery shramikon koo sangathit karane kii shuruat kii.
prishthabhoomi.
1920 key dashak mein cannery kaa kaam.
saine francisco key dakshin mein california saanta clara ghaati, 1920 key dashak key dauran duniya kaa sabse badaa phal ugaane aur prasanskaran kendra thaa. isake alawa, iss samay key dauran, khaadya prasanskaran shram aakar aur utpaad moolya donon mein sabse badaa sanyukt raajya udyog thaa. iss udyog kii vishaalata koo spasht karane key liye, 1929 mein, sanyukt raajya america mein nirmit vastuon kii kull matra mein dibbaband aur sanrakshit khaadya padarthon kaa dou-tihai hissa thaa. california vishesh roop seey desh key lagbhag sabhi nimbu, jaitoon aur khubani key saath-saath isake sattar pratishat santare, angur, alubukhara aur mevon kaa utpaadan curr rhaa thaa.
canneries key shramikon kii jansankhyiki.
1920 key dashak mein samriddhi ney shwet shramikon koo behtar bhugtan vaali naukariyon kii or leey jaaya, jisase saanta clara ghaati mein apravasiyon aur rung key logon dwara cannery padon koo bharaa jaa sakaa. iss kshetra key cannery mein shram bull mein safed, purtagaali (20 pratishat), italvi (50 pratishat) aur maxican shramik shamil they. canneries key maalikon ney mahila shramikon koo yeh maanate hue prathamikta dee kii way canning key liye phal aur sabjiyon kii taiyari mein adhik nipun hain. isamen jaldi seey chhantaai karane, chhilka nikaalane aur upaj koo kaatane kii kshamata shamil thee. inn jansankhyiki ney cannery shramikon key sanghikaran koo nirdhaarit kiya. isake alawa, mahila shramikon kii vyaapaktaa ney hadtaal key dauran kaee maangon koo janm diyaa.
kaam karane kii sthiti.
saanta clara mein canneries key kaam karane vaale loga canneries key kaam kii mausami prakriti kaa shikaar hoe gaye. 1930 key dashak mein ack cannery farwari mein kewal 4,731 shramikon koo niyukt karegi aur agast mein 17,333 shramikon koo. mausami kaam key kaaran canneries key shramikon kii vaarshik aaya bhee cumm hui. 1939 mein ausat vaarshik vetan teen sou dollar seey cumm thaa. saanta clara mein cannery key kaam kii mausami prakriti key liye ack badey aur anukuli shram bull kii aavashyakta thee. yeye mazdoor pravaasi mazdoor they. karmchaariyon koo ack tukade darr pranali parr bhugtan kiya jaataa thaa, jiska arth haye kii unakaa vetan iss baat parr nirdhaarit kiya jaataa thaa kii unhone kitna kaam puuraa kiya. kaee shramikon ney iss pranali kii sarahana kii kyonki jitna adhik kaam unhone puuraa kiya, utanaa hii adhik unhein bhugtan kiya gayaa. iss udyog mein duss seey baarah ghante key kaary divas maanak they. kaineri shramikon koo aksar sankraman kaa saamana karna padata thaa. phal kii amlata key kaaran twacha mein raktasraav hotaa haye aur isake parinamswarup rakt vishaaktata sahit sankraman hotey hain.
canneries ney audyogik california krishi kaa prateek banaaya. isamen doharaae jaane vaale aur akushal tukade shamil they. cannery kaa sett-upp logon koo machines key adheen curr detaa haye. pravaasi shramikon aur mausami kaam ney karmchaariyon key liye asthir kaam karane kii sthiti pradaan kii. niyokta shramikon key saath kathor they.
hadtaal key kaaran.
mahaan avasaad kaa sandarbh.
1930 key dashak mein dibbaband phal ack vilasita vaali vastu thee aur badey avasaad key saath, dibbaband vastuon mein kamee aaee thee. isaliye dibbaband vastuon key utpaadan mein kamee aaee aur isake parinamswarup karmchari majdoori mein kamee aaee. mahamandi ney badey maidanon key shramikon parr bhee hamla kiya. shram bull mein iss vriddhi ney 1931 seey pahale kaam karane kii sthitiyon key khilaf virodh karane vaale shramikon koo bund curr diyaa. kissy bhee asantusht karmchari koo aasaani seey badala jaa sakata thaa, lekin alag-alag naukari key avsaron kii guaranti naheen thee.
aviu/kaviu.
canneries key shramikon kii apravasi jansankhyiki ney udyog koo sanghon key tahat sangathit karna mushkil banaa diyaa. americi shram mahasangh (aeye. aff. ell.) apane vividh kaary bull aur apravasi shram key upayog key kaaran cannery kaa ayojan naheen karega. krishi shramik audyogik sangh (aviu), ack sangathan jisaki sthaapana yuu. aiss. kii communist party dwara sthaapit trade union unity leag key tahat kii gaee thee.aiss.aeye. yeh ardh-kushal aur akushal shramikon koo sangathit karane key lakshya key saath aayojit kiya gayaa thaa jinhen aeye. aff. ell. dwara nazarandaj kiya jaa rhaa thaa. haalaanki, aviu ney sangh banaane key liye ack nishkriya vidhi apnai.
ghatnaaon kii samayrekha.
julaai 1931 mein saanta clara ghaati mein cannery niyoktaon ney shramikon key vetan mein 20 pratishat kii katauti kaa ahwan kiya. isake parinamswarup, 2,000 shramik anayas naukari chhod curr chaley gaye. turant, americi shramik sangh, 1931 kii shuruat mein gathit ack chhota swatantra sangh aur mukhya roop seey italvi cannery shramikon ney hadtaal kaa ayojan karna shuru curr diyaa. jaldi hii, auvil ney netritva liya, aur hadtaal koo 16,000 seey adhik saanta clara cannery shramikon taka faila diyaa. aviu koo inn hadtaalkaariyon seey samarthan naheen mill rhaa thaa, isaliye unhone apana naam badalkar cannery aur krishi shramikon key audyogik sangh mein badalkar samarthan praapt karane kaa prayaas kiya. kaavi ney inn shramikon key liye maangon key ack samooh koo majboot kiya, jisamen shamil hain
1. vetan mein duss sent prati ghante kii vriddhi
2. overtime key liye dedh samay
3. mahila karmchaariyon key liye nihshulk parivahan
4. sangh key karmchaariyon key khilaf koee niyokta bhedbhaav naheen
5. samaan kaam key liye samaan vetan
6. sangh kii aupchaarik maanyata
31 julaai koo, hadtaalkaariyon ney sent mein ack raili kaa ayojan kiya. saine jose shahar key kendra mein james park. park mein ack munch sthaapit kiya gayaa thaa aur jaise hii pratyek vaktaa aaya, unhein giraftar curr liya gayaa. anta mein, ack nihatthe mahila munch parr pahunchi aur city holl kii or cooch karane kaa ahwan kiya. vahaan, way inn pradarshankariyon kii rihaai kii maang karenge. iss mahila ney pradarshankariyon kaa netritva karate hue city holl kii or cooch kiya, lekin achaanak ack aansuu gais bumm seey unake chehare parr prahaar kiya gayaa aur way behosh hoe gaeen. sainta clara ghaati key adhikaariyon ney inn shramikon parr raat kii chhaden aur laathi chhod dee aur pradarshankariyon key aamane-saamane aaney parr bees hadtaalkaariyon koo hirasat mein leey liya gayaa. saine jose jail mein inn pradarshankariyon seey milane key liye americi senaa key sadasyon kii bharti kii gaee thee. dou ghante taka takraav huaa aur pradarshankariyon koo saine jose agnishaman vibhaag ney titar-bitar curr diyaa.
1 agast koo, communists ney sent mein ack aur raili kaa ayojan kiya. james park. vahaan, unhone samanya roop seey yuddhon kaa virodh kiya, aur vishesh roop seey pradarshankariyon parr yuddh kiye. iss dinn pradarshankariyon key khilaf koee hinsa naheen hui thee. samachar patron ney ack badee kranti kii bhavishyavani karane vaale virodh pradarshanon parr pratikriya vyakt kii. richmond cases cannery mein, jahan 15,000 seey adhik shramikon ney akele baahar kadam rakhaa, apane pravesh dwaar parr machinegan pradarshit kii, pradarshankariyon koo door rahane kii chetavani dee. anya cannery maalikon ney hadtaal karane vaalon koo badalane key liye scab laae. iss dauran kaee loga kaam seey baahar they aur cumm vetan parr kaam karane key liye taiyar they. kuchh dinon key bheetar, hadtaal bhang hoe gaee aur shramikon kii koee bhee maang poori naheen hui.
aitihaasik mahatva aur parinam.
haalaanki iss hadtaal key parinamswarup niyoktaon ney shramikon kii maangon koo sweekaar naheen kiya, lekin yeh cannery shramikon koo sangh banaane kii disha mein ack deerghakaalik pravritti koo chihnit kartaa haye. iss hadtaal seey pahale, cannery shramik sanghon seey sambandhit naheen they yaa way americi shramik sangh jaise chhote sanghon dwara aayojit kiye gaye they. iss hadtaal ney sanghikaran key liye ack misal kayam kii. jabaki communist kaivi key liye samarthan naheen rhaa, saanta clara mein aur poore california mein cannery karyakarta aeye. aff. ell. key tahat sangathit hoe gaye. yeh hadtaal krishi shramikon key beach pahali hadtaal mein seey ack thee. shramikon kii ashanti poore california mein pickers aur processor sahit krishi shramikon key anya samoohon mein teji seey fail gaee.

