
1948 sheetkaleen olympic

1948 sheetkaleen olympic, aadhikarik taur parr vee olympic sheetkaleen khelon key roop mein jaanaa jaataa haye (;;;) aur aamtaur parr sent key roop mein jaanaa jaataa haye. moritz 1948 (;), sent pietersberg mein 30 janwari seey 8 farwari 1948 taka aayojit ack sheetkaleen bahu-khel karyakram thaa. moritz, switzerland. dwiteeya vishva yuddh key baad yeye khel sabse pahale manaae gaye they; 1936 mein pichhale sheetkaleen khelon koo baarah saal hoe chuke they.
ack tatasth desh mein ack mezban shahar key chayan seey laker japan aur germany key bahishkaar taka, yuddh key baad kii duniya kaa raajneetik vatavaran 1948 key khelon key dauran apariharya thaa. yuddh dwara upbhog kiye gaye vittiya aur maanav sansadhanon kii kamee key kaaran ayojan samiti koo kaee chunautiyon kaa saamana karna padaa. yeye sigfried adstrom kii ioc adhyakshata mein dou sheetkaleen olympic khelon mein seey pahale they.
30 janwari 1948 koo udghaatan samaroh mein 28 deshon ney march kiya. bibi toriani ney switzerland kii purush rashtriya aais hockey team key liye khela, aur sabhi khilaadiyon kii or seey olympic shapath kaa paath karane vaale pahale aais hockey khilaadi baney. lagbhag 670 khilaadiyon ney chaar khelon mein 22 pratiyogitaon mein bhaag liya. 1948 key khelon mein dou pradarshan khel bhee shamil theh sainya gashti, joe baad mein biathlon bunn gayaa, aur sheetkaleen pentathlon, jise inn khelon key baad bund curr diyaa gayaa thaa. figure skater dick button aur barbara aine scott aur skier heinry oriller dwara ullekhaniya pradarshan kiye gaye. adhikansh athletic sthal pahali baar sent seey pahale seey hii astitva mein they. moritz ney 1928 mein sheetkaleen khelon kii mejbani kii. sabhi sthaan baahar they, jiska arth thaa kii khel anukool mausam kii sthiti parr bahut adhik nirbhar they.
mezban shahar kaa chayan.
aaee. oh. see. ney sent kaa chayan kiya. moritz 6 sitambar, 1946 koo switzerland key lusaane mein 40 samanya satra mein prashansa dwara 1948 key khelon kii mejbani karane key liye. chayan prakriya mein dou boliyaan shamil theen, aur sent. moritz koo lake pelicid, newyork, sanyukt raajya america seey pahale chunaa jaanaa chaahiye. sent. moritz koo iss tathya key kaaran chunaa gayaa thaa kii 1928 key sheetkaleen olympic key sabhi sthaan upalabdh they aur swiss resort 1936 key mezban germ-partenkirchen koo chhodkar kissy bhee anya shahar kii tulanaa mein khelon kaa ayojan bahut teji seey curr sakata thaa, jiss parr vichaar naheen kiya gayaa thaa. 1928 key kaee sthalon key astitva key bavjood, 18 maheene seey bhee cumm samay mein sheetkaleen olympic khelon kaa ayojan karna abhee bhee ack kathin kaam thaa.
ayojan.
comite olympic (saha) sthaaniya ganmaanya vyaktiyon aur swiss rashtriya olympic samiti (coss) key sadasyon seey banaa thaa. unhone khelon key vibhinn pahaluon key liye jimmedaar kaee upa-samitiyon mein alag honey kaa faisala kiya. inn samitiyon mein awas aur rakharkhaav, sthal nirmaan, vitt aur media aur vigyaapan shamil they. sthaaniya samitiyon ney swiss sanghiya sarkaar aur ioc key saath bahut nikatata seey kaam kiya taaki yeh sunishchit kiya jaa sakey kii khelon kaa sangathan binaa kissy baadha key aage badhe. choonki pichhale khelon seey koee athletes kaa gaanv maujood naheen thaa, isaliye athletes aur adhikaariyon koo shahar key aspas key hotalon mein rakhaa gayaa thaa. samitiyon key liye 1928 key olympic seey apane anubhavon kaa laabh uthaana bahut mahatvapurna thaa. vibhinn ayojanon key liye unake sthaanon kaa chayan mausam kii sthiti parr nirbhar thaa kyonki sabhi karyakram baahar aayojit kiye gaye they.
800 seey adhik loga duniya koo khelon kii khabaron kii report karane mein shamil they. khel key liye press aayog dwara lagbhag 500 press pramaan patra jaari kiye gaye they. 1956 taka television ney olympic mein apani shuruat naheen kii thee. 1948 key khelon key coverage koo samachar patron aur radio prasaranon key beach vibhajit kiya gayaa thaa. ayojan samiti koo apane ghatakon key saath samvaad karane mein press kii sahaayata key liye lambi doori kii telephone laainen aur telegraph sevaaen jaisi takneek pradaan karni padee.
khelon mein press, adhikaariyon aur khilaadiyon key liye sabhi sevaaen pradaan karane key liye 2,200 seey adhik logon kii aavashyakta thee. inn sevaaon mein swachchata, suraksha aur sthaanon kii dekhbhal shamil thee. sent mein logon key pravaah koo samaayojit karna. moritz ayojan samiti key liye ack kathin kaary thaa. yeh usa pahaadi kshetra seey jatil thaa jisamen samudaay sthit thaa. gaanv key parivahan buniyaadi dhaanche mein sudhaar key liye ack badee pariyojana koo khelon seey pahale puuraa karna thaa. isamen vaahanon key awagaman key liye sadakon kaa nirmaan aur chaudikaran shamil thaa. saarvajanik parivahan kii badhati maang koo puuraa karane key liye kaee railway station banaae gaye. unhein shahar key seevaron kii kshamata bhee badhaani padee. sabhi pariyojanaon koo swiss sarkaar dwara anumodit kiya jaanaa thaa, aur khelon kii safalata parr isake prabhaav seey uchit thaharaaya jaanaa thaa. ayojan samiti kii sahaayata key liye aaee. oh. see. ney maang kii kii sabhi bhaag lene vaale desh khelon seey kaee maheene pahale apane khilaadiyon kii soochi pradaan karein. natijatan, swiss koo pataa thaa kii kitane khilaadiyon aur adhikaariyon key liye yojana banani haye.
rajneeti.
choonki yeye khel dwiteeya vishva yuddh key baad seey pahale they, isaliye inhen "navikaran key khel" naam diyaa gayaa thaa."japan aur germany koo inn khelon mein aamantrit naheen kiya gayaa thaa kyonki unhein abhee bhee dwiteeya vishva yuddh mein unaki bhoomika key liye antarrashtriya samudaay dwara bahishkrit kiya gayaa thaa. haalaanki unaki anupasthiti alpakaalik thee, kyonki way 1952 mein olympic pratiyogita mein laut aae. soviyat sangh ney sent mein khilaadiyon koo naheen bheja. 1948 key moritz khel, lekin unhone khelon key paryavekshakon key roop mein duss pratinidhiyon koo bheja taaki yeh nirdhaarit kiya jaa sakey kii soviyat athlete kitane safal hotey yadi way pratispardha karate.
dwiteeya vishva yuddh kaa prabhaav.
saporo, japan 1940 key sheetkaleen khelon key liye vikalp thaa. 1938 mein, japaniyon ney khelon kii mejbani key nimantran koo yeh daavaa karate hue aswikar karane kaa faisala kiya kii olympic khelon kii taiyari desh key sansadhanon koo samaapt curr rahee thee. ioc ney 1936 key khelon, garmish-partenkirchen key mezban kii or rukh kiya, joe ise lagaatar khelon kii mejbani karane vaalaa ekmatra shahar banaa dega. yeh avyavahaarik hoe gayaa jaba germany ney 1 sitambar, 1939 koo polland parr aakraman kiya; baad mein germany ney khelon kii mejbani key liye apani bolly vaapas leey lii. finland kaa maanana thaa kii vaha khelon kii mejbani curr sakata haye aur ioc koo nimantran diyaa, lekin soviyat sangh key finland parr aakraman ney 1940 mein olympic khelon kii sabhi aashaon koo samaapt curr diyaa. 1944 key sheetkaleen olympic koo 1939 mein itali key courtina dee 'empezo koo pradaan kiya gayaa thaa. jaise-jaise yuddh jaari rhaa, yeh avyaavhaarik saabit huaa aur lagaatar doosara olympiad khelon key utsav key binaa paarit hoe gayaa. ioc koo yuddh key baad key pahale khelon key liye dou sambhaavit mezban shaharon key saath prastut kiya gayaa thaah jheel shaant, sanyukt raajya america aur sent. moritz, switzerland. aaee. oh. see. ney dwiteeya vishva yuddh key turant baad, poorv ladaakon kii or seey raajneetik mudra seey bachane key liye, ack tatasth desh, switzerland koo khelon kaa puraskar dene kaa faisala kiya.
dwiteeya vishva yuddh kaa prabhaav abhee bhee 1948 mein mahsoos kiya jaa rhaa thaa. vittiya sansadhanon aur maanav oorjaa kii kamee ney khelon key sangathan koo chunautipurna banaa diyaa. khilaadi bhee sansadhanon kii kamee seey prabhaavit they. kaee pratiyogi cumm yaa binaa kissy upkaran key aae. ack ullekhaniya mamle mein, norwey key skieron koo pratispardha karane key liye americi team seey skii udhaar lenny padee.
ghatanaaen.
4 khelon (9 vishayon) mein pratispardha kii gaee 22 pratiyogitaon mein padak pradaan kiye gaye.
dou pradarshan khel bhee they, sainya gashti aur sheetkaleen pentathlon.
baula huaa.
1948 key sheetkaleen khelon mein dou sliding khel ladey gaye they, pahala bobslade thaa. ack vivaad taba chhid gayaa jaba yeh aarop lagaaya gayaa kii sanyukt raajya america kii team key slaze mein todfod kii gaee thee. yeh pataa chalaa kii sanchaalan pahiyon koo nuksan pahuncha thaa. spasht aniyamitataon kii khabar saamane aaney key baad ack truck chaalak aage badhaa aur galati seey bobslades vaale shade mein vaapas jaane kii baat sweekaar kii. halanki, yeh durghatana dou-vyakti spardha mein kansya padak jeetane vaali sanyukt raajya kii teams aur chaar-vyakti spardha mein ack swarn aur ack kansya padak jeetane vaali teams mein baadha naheen bunny. swiss dou-sadasyiya teams ney pahale aur dusare sthaan parr rakhaa, joe ayojan key liye sabse achchha sambhav parinam haye kyonki kewal dou teams koo pravesh karane kii anumati thee. pratham sthaan praapt team key chaalak, felix andrich ney apane coach, dwiteeya sthaan praapt team key chaalak, fritz fairaband koo haraaya.
aais hockey.
aais hockey tournament kanada ney jeetaa thaa, jisamen chekoslovakia dusare aur switzerland teesare sthaan parr thaa. hockey mein kanada key liye yeh paanchvaan olympic swarn padak thaa. 1920 key grishmakaaleen olympic mein hockey kii shuruat key baad seey kanada koo haraane vaali ekmatra team 1936 key sheetkaleen olympic mein grate britten thee. sanyukt raajya america kaa pratinidhitva karane vaali pratidvandi teams key aaney parr tournament lagbhag radd hoe gayaa thaa. ack shaukiya athletic sangh (aeye. aeye. yuu.) team koo sanyukt raajya olympic samiti (yuu. aiss. oh. see.) dwara samarthit kiya gayaa thaa, aur ack shaukiya hockey sangh (aeye. aich. aeye.) team koo ligue international dee hockey sur glace (ell. aaee. aich. jee.) dwara samarthit kiya gayaa thaa. antarrashtriya olympic samiti ney faisala sunaaya kii koee bhee team pratispardha naheen curr sakati haye, lekin swiss ayojan samiti ney aeye. oh. team koo udghaatan samaroh mein march karane kii anumati dee, aur ahaa team koo padak key liye paatr hue binaa anaupchaarik roop seey khelane kii anumati dee.
figure skating.
barbara aine scott figure skating mein olympic swarn padak jeetane vaali pahali aur ekmatra kanadai mahila baneen, jaba unhone sent mein pratiyogita jeeti. moritz. apani anivarya dincharya key dauran cumm udaan vaale havaai jahaaj key kaaran honey vaale vichalit honey key bavjood, vaha free skate mein pravesh karane key liye pahale dhyaan kendrit karane mein saksham thee. free skate seey ack raat pahale dou aais hockey khelon dwara burf koo kaat diyaa gayaa thaa (burf punarutthankarta kaa abhee taka aavishkaar naheen kiya gayaa thaa); phir bhee vaha gaddhon seey bachane aur vijayi honey key liye apani dincharya koo samaayojit karane mein saksham thee.
athaarah varsheeya americi dick button ney figure skating swarn padak key abhootpoorv uttari americi sweep koo puuraa kiya. unhone anivarya skate key baad maidan kaa netritva kiya aur phir pratiyogita mein double axel puuraa karane vaale pahale vyakti bunn curr swarn padak jeetaa. baad mein 1952 key olympic mein, dick button ney doosari baar swarn jeetaa. swiss vishva champion hans gershviller free skate key dauran gir gaye, lekin rajat padak jeetane key liye unhone vaapsee kii.
speed skating.
speed skating pratiyogita usee rink parr aayojit kii gaee thee jisane 1928 mein ayojanon kii mejbani kii thee. samudra tala seey oopar, speed skating pratiyogita olympic itihas mein doosari sabse adhik oonchaai parr aayojit kii gaee thee, 1960 mein kewal squa valley adhik thee. pratiyogita mein norwey aur sweeden key scandinavian deshon kaa varchasva thaa jinhone baarah sambhaavit padak mein seey nau jeete. 1948 key khelon taka scandinavian logon ney speed skating pratiyogitaon mein kharaab pradarshan kiya thaa. unaki safalata kaa kaaran yeh thaa kii dwiteeya vishva yuddh key dauran europe mein speed skating ack sthir sthiti mein aaa gaee thee. kewal way desh joe sangharsh key sahayak they, unake paas apane speed skating karyakramon koo barkarar rakhane key liye sansaadhan they. 500 meater kii daud norwey key finn helgason ney jeeti thee. dusare sthaan key liye norwey key thomas buyberg aur americi robbert fitzgerald aur keneth bartholomeu key beach teen-tarfa barabari thee. teenon ney thheek 43.2 sekand mein kaam puuraa curr liya thaa. sweeden key eke seaforth ney 10,000 meater daud mein swarn padak aur 1,500 meater daud mein rajat padak jeetaa. 5, 000 meater kii yeh pratiyogita mausam seey prabhaavit thee. bees dhaavakon koo dinn kii pratiyogita key dauran havaa, suraj aur burf donon kaa saamana karna padaa. anta mein norwey key lambi doori key visheshagya reider liaclave vijayi hue.
alpine skiing.
inn khelon mein alpine skiing ney olympic mein apani shuruat kii. 1936 key khelon mein kuchh karyakram aayojit kiye gaye they lekin sent. moritz khelon mein teen purushon aur teen mahilaaon kii alpine ghatnaaon kaa ack poorna slate shamil thaa. francisi heinry oriller ney teenon alpine spardhaon mein padak jeetaa; downhill aur sanyukt mein swarn, aur slallum mein kansya. way 1948 key khelon mein dou swarn padak jeetane vaale kewal dou khilaadiyon mein seey ack they, aur way teen yaa adhik padak jeetane vaale ekmatra khilaadi bhee they.
austriya ney mahilaaon kii alpine pratiyogitaon mein dabdaba banaaya, sambhaavit nau mein seey paanch padak jeete. trude beaser dohare padak vijeta they, jinhone sanyukt spardha mein swarn aur utaar mein rajat padak arjit kiya. vaha dou padak jeetane vaali ekmatra mahila skier naheen theen, halanki sanyukt raajya america key skier gratchen fraser ney slallum mein swarn padak jeetaa aur sanyukt roop seey beaser key peechhe rajat padak jeetaa. austriyai erika mahringer ney slallum aur sanyukt donon mein kansya padak jeetkar dou padak arjit kiye.
cross-country skiing.
cross-country skiing mein 15 deshon key kull 106 skieron ney teen pratiyogitaon mein bhaag liya. ayojan 50 kilometres kii daud, 18 kilometres kii daud aur 4 x 10 kilometres rille they. 1948 key khelon mein mahilaaon kii koee pratiyogita naheen thee. sweeden key martin lundstrome dou swarn padak jeetane vaale anya khilaadi they jaba unhone 18 kilometres kii daud jeeti aur vijeta cross-country rille team mein bhaag liya. kull milakar sweeden ney nordic spardhaon mein sambhaavit pandrah padak mein seey saat jeete, jinamen sabhi teen swarn padak aur 18 kilometres kii daud mein ack sweep shamil haye. sabhi pandrah padak sweeden, norwey yaa finland dwara jeete gaye they.
kankal.
inn khelon key dauran olympic mein kankal ney apani doosari upasthiti darj karaai. isaki shuruat sent mein aayojit 1928 key sheetkaleen olympic mein bhee hui thee. moritz. kankal lues kaa ack roop thaa, joe mool roop seey sent mein dikhaai diyaa thaa. 19veen shatabdi key anta mein moritz kshetra. americi johnn heaton ney kankal mein apana doosara olympic padak jeetaa, unhone apana pahala padak 20 saal pahale 19 saal kii umr mein jeetaa thaa. italvi slider nino bibiya ney swarn padak jeetaa. yeh cresta bobble track parr unake currier kii 331 jeeton mein seey pahali thee. sezana periol mein vakron mein seey ack, jahan turin mein 2006 key sheetkaleen olympic mein bobslade, lues aur kankal kii ghatanaaen huin, kaa naam bibiya key naam parr rakhaa gayaa thaa.
nordic sanyukt.
nordic sanyukt pratiyogita 1924 seey pratyek sheetkaleen olympic mein ladee jaa rahee thee. nordic sanyukt roop seey khilaadiyon koo pahale anya cross-country pratiyogiyon key saath 18 kilometres lambi khuli cross-country skii daud mein pratispardha karane kii aavashyakta thee. unake samay kaa ack ank moolya nirdhaarit kiya jaayega. dou dinn baad khilaadi skii jump pahaadi seey dou kood karate they. kood koo ack ank moolya diyaa jaayega aur sabse lambi kood koo unake cross-country samay key saath jodkar ack ank banaaya jaayega. paaramparik nordic sanyukt shakti norwey 1948 key khelon mein danga reh gayaa thaa jaba finland key hekki hasu iss pratiyogita koo jeetane vaale pahale gair-norwegian bunn gaye they. vaastav mein norwey ney munch bhee naheen banaaya. hasoo kii saathi marty huhtala ney rajat aur sweeden key swen israelson ney kansya padak jeetaa.
skii jumping.
norwey key logon ney skii jumping pratiyogita koo jeetaa. burger rudd ney 1932 aur 1936 donon sheetkaleen khelon mein skii jumping spardha mein swarn padak jeetaa thaa. dwiteeya vishva yuddh key kaaran baarah saal key antaral kaa matlab thaa kii 1948 mein rudd 36 saal key they. way pratiyogita seey sevaanivritt hoe gaye they aur norwey kii team koo coaching dey rahey they. haalaanki, jaba way khelon mein pahunche tou unhone sevaanivritti seey baahar aaney aur ack aakhiri baar pratispardha karane kaa faisala kiya. kaee varshon taka pratispardha naheen karane key bavjood unhone rajat padak arjit kiya. norwey key peater husted ney swarn aur team key saathi thorleaf schzelderup ney kansya padak jeetaa.
pradarshan khel.
1948 key khelon mein dou pradarshan khel aayojit kiye gaye they. sainya gashti 1924,1928 aur 1936 key sheetkaleen olympic khelon mein ack pradarshan khel thaa. isamen cross-country skiing aur lakshyon parr shooting kaa sanyojan shamil thaa. antatah pratiyogita kaa naam badalkar biathlon curr diyaa gayaa aur sanyukt raajya america key squa valley mein 1960 key khelon mein ise ack aadhikarik olympic padak khel banaa diyaa gayaa. sheetkaleen pentathlon mein paanch pratiyogitaaen shamil theenh 10 kilometres cross-country skii races, shooting, downhill skiing, talwarbaji aur ghudsavaari. yeh pahali aur aakhiri baar thaa jaba yeh ayojan kiya gayaa thaa. iss ayojan mein chaudah pratiyogiyon ney bhaag liya.
calender.
udghaatan samaroh 30 janwari koo subah 10:00 parr praarambhik hockey khelon aur dou-aadami bobslade key pahale dou runn key saath aayojit kiye gaye they. samaapan samaroh 8 farwari koo shaam 4 baje aayojit kiye gaye they. sabhi padak karyakram key turant baad key bajaay samaapan samarohon mein pradaan kiye gaye they jaisa kii vartamaan parampara bataati haye.
sthal.
stad olympic (olympic stadium) ney udghaatan aur samaapan samarohon kii mejbani kii. stadium kaa upayog speed skating, figure skating pratiyogita aur aais hockey key liye padak khelon key liye bhee kiya jaataa thaa. adhikansh aais hockey khel sent mein "suvreta" aur "kulm" stadiums mein aayojit kiye gaye they. moritz. sent mein bobslade aayojit kiya gayaa thaa. moritz-celerina olympic bobrun. cresta runn track parr kankal kaa mukabala kiya gayaa thaa. olympia bobb runn kaa nirmaan 1897 mein kiya gayaa thaa aur 1948 key khelon key liye iska aadhunikikaran kiya gayaa thaa, jabaki cresta runn kaa nirmaan pahali baar 1885 mein kiya gayaa thaa. skii jump pratiyogitaon kaa ayojan sent mein olympiaschange skii jump hill mein kiya gayaa thaa. moritz. ise 1927 mein 1928 key khelon key liye banaaya gayaa thaa, aur 2006 taka upayog mein rhaa. alpine pratiyogitaaen pizz nair mein aur usake aspas skii-runn parr aayojit kii jaati theen.
bhaag lene vaale rashtra.
28 deshon ney sent mein bhaag liya. moritz, 1936 mein pichhale sheetkaleen khelon key samaan sankhya. chilly, denmark, iceland, koria aur lebnan sabhi ney inn khelon mein apani sheetkaleen olympic shuruat kii. dwiteeya vishva yuddh mein shamil honey key kaaran germany aur japan koo aamantrit naheen kiya gayaa thaa. itali, mool roop seey ack aksh shakti honey key bavjood, 1943 mein sahyogiyon key paksh mein unake dalbadal key baad khilaadiyon koo bhejane kii anumati dee gaee thee. astonia, latvia aur lithuania koo 1940 mein soviyat sangh dwara milaaya gayaa thaa, aur 1992 taka swatantra rashtron key roop mein phir seey pratispardha naheen karega. argentine 1932 aur 1936 key khelon seey chookane key baad sheetkaleen khelon mein laut aaya, aur australia aur luxemberg ney 1948 mein pratispardha naheen kii, bhale hii unhone 1936 mein bhaag liya thaa.
padak kii ginati.
yeye sheersh duss desh hain jinhone 1948 key sheetkaleen khelon mein padak jeete they.

