
taitu kaa nishan

all-vashmu (taitu maark) iraqi lekhak abdul rahman majeed all-rubi kaa 1972 kaa upanyaas haye. upanyaas koo 100 sarvshreshth arabi upanyason mein chunaa gayaa thaa. yeh lekhak key vampanthi jhukaav koo darshaata haye kyonki vaha 1958 key iraqi takhtapalat key baad saamoohik giraftari aur paraajayvaad parr dhyaan kendrit kartaa haye.
saransh.
upanyaas 1958-1967 mein faila huaa haye, aur yeh mukhya charitra (kareem all-nasseri) parr kendrit haye. kareem ack iraqi yuvak haye joe kaee dalon kaa sadasya haye. jaba taka vaha giraftar naheen hoe jaataa, taba taka usaki krantikari bhavna apane uchchatam star parr haye. giraftari key baad, kareem kaa ack poori tarah seey nayaa vyaktitva haye, joe usake puraane vyaktitva kaa khandan kartaa haye, joe tiraskar, paraajayvaad aur siddhanton kii kamee seey grast haye. unake puraane aur nae vyaktitva key beach ack sangharsh paida hotaa haye. uska jeevan sharaab, yaun sambandh aur mahilaaon dwara upbhog kiya jaataa haye. upanyaas utpeedan aur paraajayvaad key sabhi pahaluon koo darshaata haye. 
saahityik aalochana.
upanyaas swayam all-rubi dwara saamana kiye gaye utpeedan aur raajneetik utpeedan koo darshaata haye. vaha saamoohik giraftari key sawal koo ack samanya kaaran key roop mein maanata haye jisase arab desh peedit hain. unake iraqi honey key bavjood, all-rubi key raashtravaad mein poori arab duniya shamil thee, kyonki unake upanyaas (all-vashmu) yaa (taitu maark) mein jinn prashnon aur karanon kii charcha kii gaee haye, way sabhi arab deshon key liye praasangik hain. alochakon kaa daavaa haye kii all-rubi apane lekhan mein paschimi saahitya aur aalochana parr nirbhar they, aur yeh lekhak dwara swayam satyaapit kiya gayaa thaa jaba unhone kahaa kii way michel butor aur elen robbe-grillet jaise kuchh lekhakon aur anya antarrashtriya lekhakon seey prerana lete hain. paschimi saahitya seey praapt kuchh vishay joe all-rubi ney apane upanyason mein niyojit kiye hain, way hain yathaarthvaad, markswad aur astitvaad. all-rubi ney arabi saahitya seey bhee aakarshit kiya, jaise mahmoud ameen all-alim, hussain marwa, jibran khaalil jibran, abdelmuhsin taaha badra, usafe idris aur abdelwahab all-bayati. all-rubi paschimi saahitya aur arabi saahitya koo parasparik roop seey ananya naheen maanate they; unhone unhein poorak key roop mein dekhaa.

