
nassa x-38

aiks-38 ack prayogaatmak punah pravesh vaahan thaa jise nassa dwara antarrashtriya antariksh station (aaee. aiss.) key liye ack sambhaavit aapaatkaaleen chaalak dall vaapsee vaahan (see. aar. vee.) parr shodh karane key liye design kiya gayaa thaa. 1995-2002 karyakram ney chaalak dall key vaapsee vaahan key design key liye avadhaaranaon koo bhee vikasit kiya jise anya upayogon key liye sanshodhit kiya jaa sakata haye, jaise kii ack sambhaavit sanyukt yuu.aiss. aur antarrashtriya maanav antariksh yaan jise french ariane 5 booster parr launch kiya jaa sakata haye.
karyakram antatah prastaavit chaalak dall vaapsee vaahan key liye kull teen pareekshan prototype udaan pradarshankariyon koo vikasit karega, jinamen seey pratyek mein apane poorvavarti parr vriddhisheel sudhaar honge. teenon pankh rahit shareer uthaane vaale vaahan they jinka upayog drop parikshanon mein kiya jaataa thaa. bajat mein katauti key kaaran 2002 mein aiks-38 karyakram koo radd curr diyaa gayaa thaa.
itihas.
iss pariyojana key liye chaalak dall kaa adhikatam aakar chaalak dall kii bachaav kshamata parr nirbhar kartaa haye. choonki yeh anivarya haye kii chaalak dall key sadasya ack apratyaashit apatkal kii sthiti mein prithvi parr lautane mein saksham houn, isaliye ack chaalak dall key vaapsee vaahan koo saat chaalak dall key sadasyon koo pakadane mein saksham honey kii yojana shuru mein karyakram netritva dwara banaai gaee thee. isase saat antariksh yaatriyon koo iss mudde parr rahane aur kaam karane kii anumati mill jaayegi.
kaksha mein nirmaan key shuruati varshon key dauran, chaalak dall teen taka seemit thaa, joe ack ekal russie soya za za tii aim aeye vaahan key anuroop thaa jise kissy bhee samay station parr dock kiya jaa sakata thaa. baad mein maee 2009 mein ack saath dou dock kiye gaye soyaz vaahanon key liye praavdhaan jode gaye aur isu chaalak dall koo badhaakar 6 sadasya curr diyaa gayaa. nassa ney pichhale kuchh varshon mein vibhinn staron key vivaran key saath kaee chaalak dall key vaapsee vaahanon koo design kiya haye.
aiks-38 avadharana kaa ack chhota, aantarik vikas adhyayan pahali baar 1995 kii shuruat mein johnson antariksh kendra (jey. aiss. see.) mein shuru huaa; haalaanki, 1992 kii shuruat mein nassa dwara kaee prakaar key aapaatkaaleen paridrishyon koo maanyata dee gaee thee jisane antarrashtriya antariksh station seey chaalak dall kii vaapsee kii aavashyakta koo prerit kiya thaah
1996 kii shuruat mein, scale kiye gaye composite, ink koo ack anubandh diyaa gayaa thaa., mojaave, california.teen poorna paimaane key vayumandaliya pareekshan airframe key nirmaan key liye. pahala vaahan airframe sitambar 1996 mein jey. aiss. see. koo diyaa gayaa thaa.
vikas.
ack aiks-plain key liye ack asamanya kadam mein, karyakram mein europeeya antariksh agency aur german antariksh agency dee. ell. aar. shamil they. ise mool roop seey aiks-35 kahaa jaataa thaa. karyakram prabandhak johnn murator they, jabaki udaan pareekshan engineer bhavishya key nassa antariksh yatri michael ee they. fossum.
robb mayerson, joe baad mein blue origin key adhyaksh baney, team key shuruati sadasya they.
aiks-38 design mein mool roop seey yuu dwara vikasit ack pankh rahit uthaane vaali shareer avadharana kaa upayog kiya gayaa thaa.aiss. 1960 key dashak key madhya mein x-24 karyakram key dauran vayu senaa. aar. dell reed ney 1955-2000 seey nassa key liye kaam kiya aur unhein lifting boddy prograam kaa janak maanaa jaataa haye. way murator (1992-93) seey mille aur x-24a key apane design koo saajha kiya joe way x-38 kii avadharana koo nassa (pankh rahit udaan, adhyaay 9, prishth 186-88) key liye prastut karate they.
aiks-38 karyakram ney see. aar. vee. design kaa pareekshan karane key liye binaa chaalak key mockup kaa upayog kiya. udaan model koo "vaahan" key liye akshar v key saath ack sankhya key saath ingit kiya gayaa thaa.
x-38 v-131 aur v-132 ney x-24a key vaayugatikiya aakar koo saajha kiya. iss aakar koo chaalak dall key lautane vaale vaahan (saat antariksh yaatriyon key chaalak dall) kii jarooraton key liye badhaaya jaanaa thaa aur vishesh roop seey peechhe key hisse mein phir seey design kiya jaanaa thaa, joe motaa hoe gayaa thaa.
x-38 v-131r koo ack see. aar. vee. [,,] key aakar key 80 pratishat parr design kiya gayaa thaa, aur isamen antim punah design kiye gaye aakar koo dikhaaya gayaa thaa (dou baad key sanskaran, v-133 aur v-201, see. aar. vee. aakar key 100 pratishat parr yojana banaai gaee thee). 80 pratishat paimaane key sanskaran 15,000 seey 24,000 pound vajan parr udaaye gaye they. x-38 v-201 kakshiya prototype 90 pratishat puuraa thaa, lekin kabhi naheen udaaya gayaa.
drop parikshanon mein vee-131, vee-132 aur vee-131aar koo 45,000 feat (13,700 meater) kii oonchaai seey bee-52 dwara giraaya gayaa thaa, ack drogg parachute koo tainaat karane seey pahale nikat pargaman gati seey gliding karate hue unhein dheema karane key liye. baad key prototype kaa vansh ack paraphoil wing key tahat jaari thaa, joe abb taka kaa sabse badaa banaa thaa. udaan niyantran jyaadaatar swaayatt thaa, jise ack jamini-adharit pilot dwara samarthit kiya gayaa thaa.
design.
aiks-38 kaa uddeshya ardh-sthaayi roop seey iss parr dock karna thaa. yadi chaalak dall apane mission key dauran beemar yaa ghayal hoe jaataa haye, tou way ack hatch docking tantra key madhyam seey bachaav vaahan mein pravesh karenge. ack chhoti prakriya key nishpaadan key saath, chaalak dall key vaahan swachaalit roop seey chaalak dall key sadasyon koo surakshit roop seey prithvi parr leey jaayenge. ack baar undock honey key baad, vaahan koo ack deorbital pranodan pranali (dps) kaa upayog karke deorbit kiya jaayega. aathh-thruster dee. pee. aiss. antariksh yaan key drishtikon aur aiks-38 koo dheema karane key liye retrofire koo samaayojit karega, jisase gurutvaakarshan aakarshan ise prithvi key vayumandal mein vaapas kheench sakata haye. ack dee. pee. aiss. module aerojet dwara vikasit kiya gayaa thaa aur 2002 mein vee-201 key liye johnson antariksh kendra koo vitarit kiya gayaa thaa.
dee. pee. aiss. key utarane key baad, aiks-38 kaksha seey chalaa gayaa hoga aur apane antim utarane aur utarane key liye ack steerable paraphoil kaa upayog kiya hoga. jiss uchch gati parr shareer vimaanon koo uthaana kaam kartaa haye, vaha unhein utarane key liye chunautipurna banaa sakata haye. paraphoil kaa upayog vaahan koo dheema karane aur utarane koo aasaan banaane key liye kiya gayaa hoga. landing gear mein pahiyon key bajaay skid shamil theh skid slaze kii tarah kaam karate they taaki vaahan jameen parr rukane key liye fisal gayaa hoe.
aiks-38 kaa aakar aur aakar donon antariksh yaan seey alag they. chaalak dall key lautane vaale vaahan koo shuttle key payload bey mein fitt kiya gayaa hoga. haalaanki, iska matlab yeh naheen haye kii yeh chhota hotaa. aiks-38 kaa vajan 10,660 kilogram thaa aur yeh 9.1 meater lamba thaa. nau ghante taka chalane vaali battery pranali kaa upayog bijli aur jeevan samarthan key liye kiya jaanaa thaa. yadi chaalak dall key lautane vaale vaahan kii aavashyakta hoti, tou ise prithvi taka pahunchane mein kewal dou seey teen ghante lagenge.
landing key liye niyojit paraphoil parachute, yuu dwara vikasit takneek seey liya gayaa thaa.aiss. senaa. yeh vishal paraphoil ishtatam pradarshan key liye 5 charanon mein tainaat kiya jaataa haye. aiks-38 key peechhe seey ack dragg chyoot chhoda gayaa hoga. iss dragg chyoot kaa upayog vaahan koo sthir karane aur dheema karane key liye kiya gayaa hoga. phir paraphoil (687 varg meater kaa kshetra) koo chhod diyaa gayaa. yeh paanch charanon mein khulega (ack prakriya jise staging kahaa jaataa haye). jabaki staging prakriya mein kewal 45 sekand lagate hain, yeh ack safal chyoot pariniyojan key liye mahatvapurna haye. staging uchch gati vaali havaaon koo paraphoil koo faadane seey rokti haye.
antariksh yaan kii landing poori tarah seey swachaalit honey thee. mission niyantran ney onboard computer system koo nirdeshank bheje honge. iss pranali mein ghar kii surakshit yatra key samanvaya key liye pawan samvedak aur vaishvik sthiti pranali (ack upgrah-adharit samanvaya pranali) kaa bhee upayog kiya jaayega. choonki chaalak dall key lautane vaale vaahan koo chikitsa aapaat sthitiyon koo dhyaan mein rakhate hue design kiya gayaa thaa, isaliye yeh samajh mein aaya kii chaalak dall key sadasya aksham yaa ghayal honey kii sthiti mein vaahan swachaalit roop seey ghar kaa raasta khoj sakata haye. yadi aavashyakta hoti, tou chaalak dall key paas back-upp system parr switch karke vaahan koo sanchaalit karane kii kshamata hoti. isake alawa, chaalak dall key kebin mein saat uchch-oonchaai vaale cumm-kholane vaale (hello) parachute paik shamil kiye gaye they, joe ack upaay thaa jise shilp seey baahar nikalane kii kshamata pradaan karane key liye design kiya gayaa thaa.
aiks-38 key liye ack unnat docking birthing system (adbs) banaaya gayaa thaa aur iss parr kaam karane seey cumm prabhaav vaali docking pranali paida hui, jise baad mein pariyojana nakshatr mein niyojit vaahanon key liye johnson antariksh kendra banaaya gayaa.
aiks-38 vaahan koo aiks-35 key roop mein bhee jaanaa jaataa thaa (lekin yeh padnam pahale seey hii usaf dwara join tii strike fighter prograam mein lockheed martin key pravesh key liye aavantit kiya gayaa thaa) aur aiks-crv (prayogaatmak-chaalak dall vaapsee vaahan)
radd karna.
1990 key dashak key anta aur 2000 key dashak kii shuruat mein isake vikas aur nirmaan key dauran gambhir laagat ney iss karyakram koo prabhaavit kiya. laagat koo niyantran mein laane key liye antarrashtriya antariksh station prabandhan aur laagat mulyankan (aaee. aim. see. ee.) kaary bull banaaya gayaa thaa. kaary bull ney ack naee avadharana pesh kii jise "american core complete" key roop mein jaanaa jaataa haye, jisake tahat yuu.aiss. antarrashtriya bhagidaron key niyantrak sadasya key roop mein apani bhoomika koo banaae rakhate hue iss mudde parr pahale seey sahmat americi yogdan koo ektarafa roop seey cumm curr dega. core complete (mool roop seey niyojit "station complete" key vipareet) ney antarrashtriya bhagidaron key saath kissy bhee baatchit key binaa americi nivaas module, americi see. aar. vee. aur node-3 koo jaari kiye gaye design seey hataa diyaa. nassa prashaasak, seane oh 'keefe, rashtrapati george doubleu dwara niyukt. busch ney disambar 2001 mein kahaa kii vaha aaee. aim. see. kii sifaarishon kaa paalan karane kaa irada rakhate hain, jisamen core complete kaa karyanvayan bhee shamil haye. aaee. aim. see. ee. kii sifaarishon key anusaar laagat mein katauti key upaay key roop mein 29 aprail, 2002 koo aiks-38 pariyojana radd karane kii ghoshana kii gaee thee.
mool poorna avadharana kii usa samay kaee visheshagyon dwara vyaapak aalochana kii gaee thee kyonki aiks-38 parr adhikansh vikas kaary puuraa hoe chuka thaa. prototype antariksh vaahan lagbhag 90 pratishat puuraa hoe gayaa thaa jaba ise radd curr diyaa gayaa thaa.
viraasat aur vaahan kii punah tainaati.
aiks-38 vee-132 abb nassa seey ashland, nebrasca mein ranneetik vayu aur antariksh sangrahalaya key liye sthaayi rinn parr haye.
 90 pratishat poorna x-38 v-201, johnson antariksh kendra mein 220 kii imarat seey baahar leey jaaya gayaa haye, abb johnson antariksh kendra mein nirmaan webbing mein lipate bhawan 49 key baahar baithaa haye.
aiks-38 vee-131aar nassa seey amseminville, oregan mein sadabahar vimanan sangrahalaya koo rinn parr haye.