
james lenox

james lenox (19 agast, 1800-17 farwari, 1880) ack americi granthapremi aur paropkari they. unake chitron aur pustakon kaa sangrah antatah lenox pustakalaya key roop mein jaanaa jaane lagaa aur 1895 mein newyork saarvajanik pustakalaya kaa hissa bunn gayaa.
unhein apane vyaapaari pitaa seey viraasat mein ack dhana milaa aur unhone apane jeevan kaa adhikansh samay kalaa aur saahitya key advitiya sangrah koo ikattha karane mein bitaaya. lenox key sangrah mein guttenberg bibil jaisi durlabh vastuein shamil theen. unakaa pustakalaya, jiska moolya lagbhag duss laakh dollar thaa, usa sthaan parr khadaa thaa joe abb frick sangrah kaa sthaan haye. lenox ney presbyterian aspatal aur american bible society jaise sansthanon koo bhee udaartaa seey daan kiya. unhone kabhi shaadi naheen kii, aur ack toote hue romans key baad way teji seey alag hoe gaye.
praarambhik jeevan.
lenox kaa janm 19 agast, 1800 koo newyork shahar mein huaa thaa. vaha rachelle (nee carmer) lenox aur robert lenox (1759-1839) key chhah bachchon mein seey ekmatra jeevit betaa thaa. unake pitaa ack dhanee vyaapaari they, joe kirkedbrite, scotland mein paida hue they, krantikari yuddh key dauran america chaley gaye aur 1783 mein newyork mein buss gaye. unaki paanch bahanon mein seey chaar shadishuda theen aur ack jeevan bhar ekal rahee, jaise kii lenox.
unake naana nicolaus carmer they, joe newyork key cabinet nirmaata they. 1839 mein apane pitaa kii mrityu key baad, lenox koo ack million dollar seey adhik kii sampatti aur chauthe aur paanchven raaste key beach 30 ekad bhoomi viraasat mein millie. kolambiya college seey snaatak, unhone kaanoon kaa adhyayan kiya aur baar mein bharti hue, lekin kabhi abhyaas naheen kiya. jaba unake pitaa kii mrityu hoe gaee tou way vyavasaay seey sevaanivritt hoe gaye.
carrier.
baar mein pravesh key turant baad lenox europe chaley gaye aur videsh mein rahate hue unhone durlabh pustaken ikattha karna shuru curr diyaa. yeh, kalaa key sangrah key saath-saath, unake jeevan kaa avashoshit karane vaalaa junoon bunn gayaa. aadhi sadee taka, unhone apana adhikansh samay aur pratibha koo ack pustakalaya aur chitron kii gallery banaane mein samarpit kiya, joe naee duniya mein kissy bhee anya niji sangrah key liye moolya mein atulaniya thaa. 1870 mein yeye kaee durlabh pandulipiyon, sangamarmar kii pratimaon aur moortiyon, mozek, nakkashi aur vichitrata key saath newyork shahar mein lenox pustakalaya bunn gaye. lenox ney isake pahale adhyaksh key roop mein kaary kiya.
pustakalaya ney paanchven maarg parr pahaadi key shikhar parr kabja curr liya, 70 veen aur 71 veen sadakon key beach, kendriya udyaan koo dekhate hue. 23 maee, 1895 koo, lenox pustakalaya koo estore pustakalaya aur tilden trust key saath samekit karke newyork saarvajanik pustakalaya banaaya gayaa.
guttenberg bibil sahit bibil kaa sangrah-sankhya aur durlabhata donon mein-british sangrahalaya key sangrah key barabar naheen maanaa jaataa thaa; jabaki isake americi, incunabula aur shakespeareana, kissy bhee anya americi pustakalaya, saarvajanik yaa niji seey aage nickle gaye. iss sangrah kaa moolya lagbhag ack million dollar thaa; jisamen bhoomi, bhawan aur daan key liye 900,000 dollar shamil they, yeh kull milakar $2,000,000 seey oopar thaa. frick sangrah lenox pustakalaya kii poorv site parr haye.
lenox newyork shahar mein presbyterian aspatal key sansthaapak they. isake liye unake uphaaron kii raashi 600,000 dollar thee. unhone prinston college aur madarse koo bhee mahatvapurna upahaar diye, aur presbyterian church seey judey kaee churchon aur daanon koo udaartaa seey diyaa. lenox americi bible samaaj key adhyaksh bhee they, jisake liye way ack udaar daataa they. james grant willson ney lenox seey jaruratmand vidvaanon koo kaee gumnam upahaar dene kii report dee. way 1854 mein americi daarshanik samaaj mein shamil hoe gaye. usee varsh, way americi puratan samaaj key sadasya bhee chune gaye, aur 1868 seey 1880 taka samaaj key upaadhyaksh key roop mein kaary kiya.
lenox ney kabhi-kabhi durlabh pustakon key seemit sanskaranon koo punarmudran kiya, joe duss yaa bees pratiyon taka seemit they, jinhen unhone kuchh mahaan saarvajanik pustakalayon aur ullekhaniya niji sangrhon mein rakhaa, udaaharan key liye, johnn carter braun key. linox key chitra 1848 mein francis grant dwara aur jee dwara chitrit kiye gaye they. pee. aeye. teen saal baad. 1874 mein unhein daniel huntington dwara bhee chitrit kiya gayaa thaa.
vyaktigat jeevan.
lenox ney kabhi shaadi naheen kii. ack praarambhik prem, ekmatra mahila jisake saath vaha prempurna roop seey judaa huaa thaa, ney usey aswikar curr diyaa aur usaki mrityu key baad avivaahit hii rhaa. toote hue romans ney unaki badhati ekantata koo badhaava diyaa. unhone usa dinn key sabse pratishthit purushon seey milane seey incar curr diyaa. ack prakhyaat vidwan, joe kaee hafton taka durlabh pustakon kaa paramarsh karane mein vyast thaa, joe kaheen aur naheen millie, lenox key pustakalaya taka pahunch praapt karane mein whiffle rhaa. unhein lenox kii vishal haveli mein ack apartment saunpa gayaa thaa, aur kaam koo kishton mein bheja gayaa thaa, binaa unake pustakalaya yaa baithak lenox mein pravesh kiye.
1855 mein newyork mein 19 karodpati they. vaha newyork key teesare sabse ameer vyakti they, jinaki keemat lagbhag 30 laakh dollar thee.
lenox kii mrityu 17 farwari, 1880 koo newyork shahar mein 53vein avenue mein unake ghar parr hui. unhein newyork shahar key sangamarmar key kabristan mein dafnaya gayaa thaa. unaki saat bahanon mein seey dou bahanen unase aage nickle gaeen. antim jeevit bache henrita lenox ney lenox pustakalaya koo 22 moolyavaan aspas key lott aur kitaaben khareedane key liye 100,000 dollar diye. harlem mein lenox avenue kaa naam james lenox key naam parr rakhaa gayaa haye. kaee daan key alawa, unaki sampatti unake rishtedaron parr chhod dee gaee thee, jisamen unaki bahan, henrita aeye bhee shamil thee. lenox, mairi lenox sheef, ack aur bahan, aur elizabeth aiss sahit vibhinn bhatije aur bhatiji. matland, james lenox belknap, robbert lenox baink, james lenox baink, robbert lenox kenedi (joe unake baad lenox library key nyasiyon key adhyaksh baney), rechel lenox kenedi aur mairi lenox kenedi. ack hissa grand-nees aur grand-bhateejon key liye bhee chhod diyaa gayaa thaa, jisamen alekjendar matland, elija lenox matland, robbert lenox matland aur heinry vaine renseller kenedi shamil they.