dakshini philistine kaa aakraman

31 octuber 1917 koo pratham vishva yuddh key sinai aur palestine abhiyaan key dauran birsheba kii ladaai key saath dakshini palestine aakraman shuru huaa. misra key abhiyaan bull (ee. ee. aff.) dwara birsheba parr kabja karane key baad, gaaja seey birsheba rekha teji seey kamjor hoe gaee aur saat dinon baad, ee. ee. aff. ney safaltapurvak ottoman turkey samrajya kii saatvin aur aathvin senaaon koo peechhe hatane key liye majboor curr diyaa. agale saat dinon key peechha key dauran, turkey senaaon koo vaapas jaffa mein dhakel diyaa gayaa. 9 disambar 1917 koo jerusalam parr kabja karane seey pahale yahudi pahaadiyon mein teen saptah kii kadee ladaai hui. lagbhag saadhe paanch saptah key nirantar aakramak abhiyaanon key dauran, kshetra parr kabja curr liya gayaa.
XX aur registan ghudsavaar core dwara ack sanyukt hamale key baad, gaaja key purvi chhor parr birsheba rekha parr kabja curr liya gayaa thaa. agale dinn, 1 navambar koo, bell ell khuvilfe kii ladaai shuru hui, jisamen birsheba key uttar mein 53 veen (velsh) aur anjack ghudsavaar divisions dwara yahudi talhati mein aage badhana shuru huaa. yeh bersheba seey jerusalam taka kii sadak parr jaataa haye, jisase hebron aur bethelham koo bhee khatra hotaa haye. phir, dedh navambar kii raat key dauran, gaaja kii teesari ladaai bhoomadhyasagariya tata parr hui, jaba aiks. aiks. aaee. core dwara majboot, durjeya raksha key khilaf seemit hamale kiye gaye. agale dinn, tail ell khuelfe key dakshin mein eef dwara bheeshan roop seey ladey gaye yuddh koo hebron parr kabja karane key liye naheen banaaya gayaa thaa, balki puraane gaaja key kendriya raksha parr ack paarshv hamale key liye xxx core kii tainaati key liye paryaapt kshetra banaane key liye banaaya gayaa thaa. birsheba seey jerusalam sadak key liye ladate hue, turkey commanders koo apane bhandar koo tainaat karane key liye protsaahit kiya, taaki eef khatare koo pakad sakein. 6 navambar koo purani rekha key kendra mein, gaaja aur birsheba key beach aadhe raaste parr, harera aur sheria kii ladaai shuru kii gaee thee, aur harera parr kabja curr liya gayaa thaa; lekin agale dinn dair taka naheen thaa, kii chauthe halke ghode kii brigade (australiyai ghudsavaar division) dwara ack whiffle aarop key baad, 60vein (landan) division dwara sheria sthiti parr aakhirkaar kabja curr liya gayaa thaa. saatvin aur aathvin senaayen abb taka puraane gaaja key avasheshon seey birsheba rekha taka poori tarah seey peechhe hutt gaee theen.
7 navambar koo, harera aur sheria key liye ladaai key dusare dinn, 52 vein (nichale) division aur shaahi seva ghudsavaar brigade ney vaadi ell hessy mein majboot reorgard padon parr hamla karane key liye binaa kissy virodh key aage badhe, jinn parr agale dinn kabja curr liya gayaa.
prishthabhoomi.
gaaja key liye pahali dou ladaaiyon key baad, british commanders key liye yeh spasht thaa kii general murre kii senaa koo phir seey gati dene key liye badey sudridhikaran kii aavashyakta thee."vaastav mein, murre ney maee kii shuruat mein yuddh mantrimandal aur shaahi general staff koo spasht curr diyaa kii vaha sudridhikaran key binaa philistine parr aakraman naheen curr sakata thaa. yuddh karyalaya ney usee maheene unhein ashvasana diyaa kii unhein atirikt bull praapt karane key liye taiyar rehna chaahiye, joe misra key abhiyaan bull (ee. ee. aff.) koo chhah paidal senaa aur teen ghudsavaar divisions taka laayega. haalaanki julaai taka, jaba general admond elenbee ney eif kii kamaan sambhali, taba bhee gaaja key liye ladaai key dauran hatahaton key baad 5,150 paidal senaa aur 400 sainya sudridhikaran kii aavashyakta thee.
uttari golardh mein 1917 kii garmiyon key anta taka, british sarkaar aur ee. ee. aff. key raajneetik aur ranneetik hita ack saath aae. yeh francisi ganarajya key nivel aakraman key paschimi morche parr viphalata aur british samrajya key jahajrani key khilaf german pandubbi abhiyaan kii safalata key kaaran thaa. british nauvahan key vinash key kaaran britten mein gambhir kamee hoe gaee, aur haalaanki sanyukt raajya america ney yuddh mein pravesh kiya thaa, lekin kuchh samay key liye unakaa sainya samarthan spasht naheen hoga. britten behad mahange yuddh key chauthe varsh mein pravesh karane vaalaa thaa, aur unake pradhaan mantri, david lloyd george ney "gharelu morche" koo dhyaan mein rakhane kii aavashyakta kii sarahana kii."unakaa maanana thaa kii ack hadataali sainya safalata nagrik aabaadi key manobal koo badhaa sakati haye, aur unhone elenbee seey kahaa kii" vaha british rashtra key liye ack chrismus key roop mein jerusalam chaahte they."lloyd garge ney spasht curr diyaa kii britten kii" "rahane kii shakti aur manobal koo majboot karane" "key liye iss jeet kii aavashyakta thee. british yuddh mantrimandal koo aise samay mein ack safal palestine aakraman kii aavashyakta thee jaba paschimi morche seey bahut achchi khabar naheen aaa rahee thee, aur jaba aisaa lugg rhaa thaa kii yuddh 1919 taka badh sakata haye. aggar way jerusalam parr kabja curr sakate they tou yeh ottoman samrajya parr dabaav daal dega, joe badale mein german gathbandhan parr dabaav daal sakata thaa, saath hii saath madhya poorv mein apane prabhaav koo majboot karane key britten key deerghakaalik uddeshya koo badhaa sakata thaa. octuber key anta taka, eif hamla karane key liye taiyar thaa.
1917 kii sharad ritu mein, philistine mein ack badaa aakraman shuru karane kaa nirnay bhee "bahut hii thhos ranneetik karanon" parr adharit thaa."vasant mein russie samrajya key patan key kaaran russie kranti key parinamswarup yuddh seey roose kii vaapsee hui aur badee sankhya mein ottoman samrajya key sainikon koo mukt curr diyaa, joe purvi morche parr rusiyon seey lada rahey they. yeye ottoman ikaaiyaan pyalestine front koo majboot karane key liye upalabdh hoe gaeen aur german sainikon aur upkaranon key saath aleppo key paas ikattha honey kii prakriya mein theen. unhein baghdad koo phir seey hassil karane key liye abhiyaan shuru karna thaa, jise march mein angrejon ney kabja curr liya thaa. baghdad key liye khatare kaa dakshini philistine mein ack eif aakraman seey aarthik roop seey adhik virodh kiya jaa sakata haye. general fredrick koo atirikt bull bhejane key bajaay. baghdad koo dhaaran karane vaali maude kii mesopotamia kii senaa, salonica morche seey british sudridhikaran, jise yuddh karyalaya cumm karna chaahata thaa, eif koo majboot karegi.
elenbee kaa ranneetik uddeshya dakshini philistine mein ottoman senaa kii haar thee, joe yeh sunishchit karane key liye paryaapt thee kii baghdad key liye niyat ottoman sudridhikaran koo philistine kii or modd diyaa gayaa thaa. haalaanki, 5 octuber taka, general villium robertson, siggs ney, telegraph kiya kii yuddh mantrimandal ney unhein "bhaari haar" key saath yuddh seey ottoman samrajya koo samaapt karane kii ichcha vyakt kii, jisake baad jaaf-jerusalam rekha parr kabja curr liya gayaa. unhein "nae british prabhagon" kii aapoorti kii jaani thee... harr solah dinon mein ack kii darr seey."yeh aakraman shuru honey key baad taka naheen thaa kii elenbee koo bataaya gayaa thaa kii unake bull mein iss tarah kii vriddhi asambhav thee.
elenbee ney anuman lagaaya kii ottoman senaa key 20 division hoe sakate hain, jisamen 12 seey adhik agrim pankti mein naheen hoe sakate hain. haalaanki, choonki inhen ottoman senaa dwara pratisthaapit kiya jaa sakata thaa, isaliye eif kii aapoorti lines kii seemaon key kaaran, kantara seey railway line key doharikaran key baad eif 14 seey adhik divisions mein maidan naheen banaa sakaa. aprail aur octuber 1917 key beach, eef aur ottoman senaa donon ney railway aur paani kii pipe laainen bichhaain, aur sainikon, bandookon aur bhaari matra mein golaa-barud koo saamane bheja. octuber 1917 key madhya taka, landan seey ack karmchari prashansa ney dakshini philistine mein ottoman rakshakon kii taakat koo sweekaar kiya, aur unhein gaaja seey birsheba line taka hataane key kissy bhee prayaas mein teen divisions kii laagat aaa sakati haye. prashansa ney sweekaar kiya kii "[tii] vaha turkey khaai mein ack jiddi yoddha haye aur hamein ummeed karni chaahiye kii kissy bhee ghatana mein vaha hamein gambhir nuksan pahunchaane key liye paryaapt lamba khadaa rahega... hamein kamjor vibhajanon koo door karane key liye teen aur prabhagon key saath samanya elenbee kii aapoorti karane key liye taiyar rehna chaahiye.
yuddh kaa maidan.
aprail seey octuber 1917 key anta taka dakshini philistine mein gatirodh key dauran donon pakshon dwara gaaja seey birsheba rekha kaa bachaav kiya gayaa thaa. eef front line gaaja mein bhoomadhyasagariya tata seey ell gamali key paas vaadi ghazeh parr ack bindu taka, shariya key dakshin-paschim mein aur filistia key maidan key dakshini kinare parr birsheba key paschim mein faili hui thee. tata parr, chaude key beach badalati rait key teelon kii ack patti pahiyon vaale vaahanon key liye durgam thee. rait key teelon aur judian pahaadiyon key beach, joe oopar kii or badhate hain, mukhya roop seey lahardaar "down-laind" maidan chaude key beach faile hue hain. maidanon koo kaee vaadiyon dwara kaat diyaa gayaa thaa, joe geeli sardiyon key dauran nange chattani judian pahaadon seey neeche kii or daudate hue "ugra dhaaraon" mein badal gaye they. iss kshetra mein aabaadi cumm thee, pratyek gaanv paani key liye apane kuein parr nirbhar thaa, jabaki jou kii fasalen ugaai jaati theen. iss kshetra seey, maidan kii sthalaakritik sthitiyaan uttar kii or aparivartit hain, joe jaffa seey sheron kaa maidan bunn jaataa haye, aur anta mein hypha key paas mount carmel parr samaapt hotaa haye.
purvavlokan karein.
marshel erich wonn falkenhein kii kamaan mein philistine mein ottoman senaa lagbhag 50,000 majboot thee, jabaki general elenbee kii ef 76,000 majboot thee.
raksha bull.
juuna 1917 taka, sheria gaaja-birsheba rekha koo dhaaran karane vaale german-kamaan vaale rakshakon kaa mukhyalaya thaa. agast 1917 mein, chauthi senaa koo iss prakaar sanrachit kiya gayaa thaah
philistine mein chauthi senaa koo dou core mein punargathit kiya gayaa thaa, XX core koo 16 veen aur 54 veen paidal senaa divisions seey 178 veen paidal senaa resiment aur 3 veen ghudsavaar senaa division koo shamil karane key liye vistaarit kiya gayaa thaa, jabaki XXI core key teen division aparivartit rahey. xxx core kaa mukhyalaya huz mein thaa, jabaki xxi core ney teesare aur 53vein divisions key saath gaaja kaa bachaav kiya. julaai taka aathvin senaa kii kamaan friedrich freeher crace wonn cresenstein ney sambhali, jisamen chhah paidal senaa prabhaag aur ack ghudsavaar dall shamil they, jisamen 46,000 rifles, 28,000 sebar aur 200 bandookon kii anumaanit taakat thee.
yildirim senaa samooh.
germany ney sujhaav diyaa thaa kii yuddh seey russie senaa kii vaapsee key parinamswarup chhah yaa saat ottoman divisions koo german samarthan key saath mesopotamia parr hamla karna chaahiye. germany golaa-barud, upkaran, sanic aur soney kii aapoorti germany key "sabse pratishthit sainikon" mein seey ack, erich wonn falkenhein aur ack senaa mukhyalaya key karmchaariyon key saath karega. inn german sudridhikaranon mein german asia core, "chune hue aur poori tarah seey prashikshit" paidal senaa key teen batalian samooh shamil they, jinhen topkhaane, machine gunn, mortar, vimaan aur yaantrik parivahan dwara bahut dridhata seey samarthit kiya gayaa thaa. ottoman samrajya coccus aur balcon morchon seey sthanantarit divisions seey bunny ack naee saatvin senaa kaa yogdan karega.
juuna 1917 mein yildirim senaa samooh key gathan key baad, seeriya aur philistine mein paryaapt balon koo tainaat kiya gayaa, jahan unhone chauthi senaa kii raksha karna jaari rakhaa. pahale seey hii philistine mein 3rd, 7th, 16th aur 54th paidal senaa division they jabaki 26th 27th, aur 53th paidal senaa division garmiyon key dauran pahunche. 3rd, 7th 16th, aur 26th paidal senaa divisions ney gallipoli abhiyaan mein ladaai ladee thee aur 3rd ghudsavaar division ney caucasian abhiyaanon mein ladaai ladee thee. inn saat paidal senaa prabhagon aur ack ghudsavaar senaa prabhaag ney haal hii mein sakriya ottoman aathvin senaa kaa gathan kiya.
sthaapana key samay, yildirim senaa samooh mein pahale seey hii philistine aur mesopotamia mein ottoman senaa key sanic shamil they. inmein galicia key 19vein aur 20vein division, dardanels key 24vein aur 42vein division, coccus key 48vein division, macedonia key 50vein division aur iscanderoon kii khaadi mein adana key 59vein division shamil they. 1maam aur 11maam divisions koo bhee coccus seey yildirim senaa samooh mein sthanantarit curr diyaa gayaa thaa, joe kramshah disambar key anta mein aur march 1918 mein jerusalam koo phir seey lene key prayaas key liye samay parr pahunche they.
agast 1917 mein, yildirim senaa samooh mein shamil theh
30 sitambar koo 12 ikaaiyon key liye kull paidal senaa "rifle taakat" 28,067 aur 19vein division kii 4,000 thee, joe 268 bandookon dwara samarthit kull 32,067 raifalen detee thee. kshetra mein dou teesari ghudsavaar resiments mein 1,400 sebar they, jabaki division kii teesari resiment koo jorden nadee key poorv mein tainaat kiya gayaa thaa. 30 sitambar kii inn raifalon key aankade pratyek paidal senaa batalian kii 25 pratishat raifalon koo dekhate hain, jinhen 10 agast 1917 seey machine gunn seey badal diyaa gayaa thaa.
sitambar 1917 key madhya taka ottoman senaa ney baghdad koo phir seey lene key prayaas key khilaf faisala kiya thaa. enver paasha ney wonn falkenhein kii salah lii kii vaha yildirim senaa samooh koo palestine bhejen, taaki crace wonn cresenstein dwara bataae gaye badhate khatare kaa saamana kiya jaa sakey. enver paasha ney 26 sitambar koo chauthe senaa mukhyalaya koo damascus mein sthanantarit karane key adesh jaari kiye, usee samay kshetra koo aadhe mein vibhajit karate hue, seeriya aur paschimi arab key liye jimmedaari key saath seemal paasha chhod diyaa. 2 octuber koo, enver paasha ney naee aathvin senaa koo sakriya kiya, jisaki kamaan crace wonn cresenstein ney sambhali, aur ise mustafa kemal kii kamaan vaali saatvin senaa key saath, wonn falkenhein kii kamaan vaale yildirim senaa samooh mein tainaat kiya. haalaanki, sitambar key anta mein mustafa kemal ney kuchh enver paasha key faisalon aur naee kamaan sanrachana seey asahamati jataai. unhone sanchaar kii behtar british lines key jawab mein ack rakshaatmak sainya neeti apanaane kii salah dee, joe kissy bhee vivaadit theatre mein nirantar sankhyaatmak shreshthata sunishchit karegi. unhone socha kii iss asantulan key kaaran yildirim senaa samooh key liye aakramak honah asambhav hoe jaayega. unhone saatvin aur aathvin senaaon koo vilay karane kii salah dee, aur crace wonn cresenstein key paksh mein kadam rakhane kii peshkash kii. kaee hafton baad mustafa kemal ney istifa dey diyaa aur favezi passa ney saatvin senaa kii kamaan sambhali joe abhee bhee aleppo key paas ikattha hoe rahee thee. octuber 1917 taka, crace wonn keresenstein kii kamaan vaali aathvin senaa kaa mukhyalaya huz key uttar mein huleikat mein thaa.
inn badey paimaane parr punargathanon koo octuber mein lagu kiya jaanaa shuru huaa, lekin maheene key anta taka, kewal saatvin aur aathvin senaaon kaa mukhyalaya hii maidan mein utarane kii sthiti mein thaa. 1 octuber koo aathvin senaa mein 2,894 adhikaari, 69,709 purush, 29,116 raifalen, 403 machinegan, 268 topkhaane key tukade aur 27,575 janwar shamil they. 10 aur 28 octuber 1917 key beach, aathvin senaa ney teen paidal senaa prabhagon koo aarakshit padon parr sthanantarit curr diyaa, halanki birsheba kii raksha ottoman III core kii jimmedaari bunny rahee, jisamen mukhya roop seey arab 27 veen paidal senaa prabhaag aur doosari paidal senaa resiment "minus isaki machine gunn" shamil thee, jisamen 3 veen ghudsavaar senaa division key dou resiment they.
28 octuber koo, wonn falkenhein key yildirim senaa samooh mukhyalaya dwara adesh jaari kiye gaye, jisamen crace wonn cresenstein kii aathvin senaa koo ottoman front line key paschimi, yaa gaaja aadhe kii jimmedaari lene kaa nirdesh diyaa gayaa, jabaki fevzi passa kii saatvin senaa ney birsheba sahit purvi aadhe kii jimmedaari lii. 27vein paidal senaa prabhaag aur 3rd ghudsavaar senaa prabhaag kii kamaan sambhaalane vaale III core mukhyalaya koo aathven seey saatven senaa mein sthanantarit curr diyaa gayaa thaa. 16veen aur 24veen paidal senaa division aur dakshin kii or jaane vaale 19vein paidal senaa division koo bhee saatvin senaa koo saunpa gayaa thaa. yuddh shuru honey seey pahale 19veen aur 24veen division donon aaa gaye. crace wonn cresenstein ney baad mein 27vein paidal senaa division kaa beerasabe kaa bachaav karate hue 'buri tarah seey prashikshit, buri tarah seey sangathit aur arabon seey banaa' bataaya, jinhen dekhaa jaanaa thaa. unhone division koo nishkriya karane aur isake sainikon koo sudridhikaran key roop mein kaheen aur tainaat karane kii sifarish kii. unhone 19vein paidal senaa prabhaag, mustafa kemal key "prasiddh gallipoli prabhaag" kaa sujhaav diyaa, jise birsheba mein pratisthaapit kiya jaae. ottoman general staff dwara ottoman senaa key yuddh key crum mein sabse shaktishali paidal senaa division key roop mein maanaa jaataa haye, 19 veen division joe galicia mein bhee seva curr rahee thee, mein ack asamanya roop seey shaktishali topkhaane kaa ghatak thaa. yildirim senaa samooh key commander, wonn falkenhein ney 19vein paidal senaa division koo seememe [jemame?] birasbeba seey adhik gaaja key nikat.
31 octuber taka, nau ottoman paidal senaa division aur 45,000 rifles, 1,500 sebar aur 300 bandookon kii kull taakat key saath ack ghudsavaar division ney gaaja seey birsheba line kaa bachaav kiya. gaaja kaa bachaav aathvin senaa key xxii core dwara kiya gayaa thaa, isake xx core ney sheria kaa bachaav kiya thaa, jabaki saatvin senaa key III core ney birsheba kaa bachaav kiya thaa. haal hii mein saatvin senaa key commander, fevzi paasha ney, "gaaja kii teesari ladaai key shuruati charanon key dauran kamaan mein koee sakriya bhoomika naheen nibhai aur puuraa morcha crace key niyantran mein rhaa."
hamla batalian.
pratyek paidal senaa division koo teen paidal senaa resiments mein punargathit kiya gayaa thaa, jinamen seey pratyek mein teen paidal senaa batalian aur ack assault batalian thee. german senaa key vishesh aakraman yaa toofaan sainya prabhaag kabhi bhee ottoman senaa dwara naheen banaae gaye they. haalaanki, hamale kii bataliyanon kii sthaapana 1 sitambar 1917 koo poore ottoman senaa mein "stotrupen" shally key hamale key sainikon key samanya sakriyan key dauran enver paasha key adesh seey kii gaee thee. xv core, pahali senaa aur chauthi senaa ney kramshah pahali, doosari aur teesari hamla batalian kii sthaapana kii. isake alawa, enver paasha ney yildirim senaa samooh mein aur chauthi senaa mein pratyek paidal senaa division koo adesh diyaa kii way division mein sarvshreshth adhikaariyon, aine. see. oh. aiss. aur sarvshreshth ikaaiyon key purushon seey milkar hamla karane vaale tukadiyon koo sthaapit karein. inn sainikon kii ayu 27 varsh yaa usase cumm honey chaahiye, way buddhiman, swasth aur majboot houn. pratyek aakraman ikai koo ack maheene kaa aakraman pathyakram, behtar raashan aur ack hathgole key saath kadhaai vaalaa baij diyaa gayaa thaa.
vimaan.
octuber key dauran, 56 vimaan sankhya mein. german flying core key 301,302,303 aur 304 squadron germany seey philistine pahunche. usa samay naheen. 14 (ottoman) squadron aeye.ee.jee. dou-seater, kutrani mein tainaat they.
visheshataaen.
yeh bhee daavaa kiya gayaa haye kii 1917 mein roose key patan key baad kii palestine mein aavashyak sudridhikaran koo coccus koo bheja gayaa thaa, jisase ottoman senaa kaa manobal cumm hoe gayaa thaa. sthiti kaa varnan karate hue, galey milate hue likhate hain kii "kaee logon koo varshon seey ghar seey koee mell naheen milaa thaa. asahaay turkey bhartiyaan 'najuk tambu' mein 'apane hausale koo khush karane key liye kuchh bhee naheen' key saath eif hamale kaa intezar curr rahee theen."aisaa isaliye thaa kyonki" ottoman railway pranali kii sthiti aisee thee kii turkon koo rakshaatmak yaa aakramak sanchaalan key liye kissy bhee paryaapt bull koo banaae rakhane mein kathinaaee hoti thee."1,275 meal key liye ack ekal track key aadhar parr, maanak aur sankeern gaze key khandon key saath, sanchaar kii ottoman lines koo" "bhayaavah" "key roop mein varnit kiya gayaa haye."
1917 mein philistine mein ottoman senaa ney yuddh key pahale dou varshon key dauran apani adhikansh visheshtaon kaa pradarshan karna jaari rakhaa. senaa parichaalan aur ranneeti key anusaar aakramak thee, joe rakshaatmak aur aakramak donon abhiyaanon koo anjam detee thee aur sainya star parr aur kendrikrit settings mein yathaarthvaadi, upp-too-dett tarikon seey lagaatar prashikshan detee thee. ericson key anusaar, "[dee] ivision vibhinn prakaar key" vishisht saamarik missions key liye kaary-vyavasthit they."commander anubhavi, uchch prashikshit aur saksham netaa they jinhone" bahu-morche key kull yuddh key apane teesare varsh mein achchi tarah seey kaam karna jaari rakhaa."
haalaanki, yeh bhee daavaa kiya gayaa haye kii ottoman agrim pankti paidal senaa batalian lagbhag aadhi taakat seey kaam curr rahee thee."turkey key samanya karmchaariyon key abhilekhagar key anusaar, 26 octuber koo 21veen paidal senaa resiment mein" "prashikshit purushon kii aadhi taakat" "honey kaa daavaa kiya gayaa thaa aur atirikt bull" "beemar aur yuddh hatahaton" "koo banaae rakhane mein whiffle rahey they."unaki aakhiri ladaai saat maheene pahale, aprail mein, majboot kilebandi key peechhe seey ack nirnaayak jeet thee. yildirim senaa samooh key sahayak pramukh, kaptan hussain husnu emir ney daavaa kiya kii 16vein division mein sitambar 1916 mein 200 adhikaari, 400 aine. see. oh. aur 10,900 purush they, 15 octuber 1917 taka kewal 5,017 adhikaari aur purush they. phir "apani 78veen paidal senaa resiment mein teen paidal senaa bataliyanon mein lagbhag 400 purush they (prati batalian lagbhag 750 purushon key pradhikaran mein seey)."unhone yeh bhee daavaa kiya kii gaaja raksha mein pratyek division 50 pratishat seey cumm thaa, lekin hamale kii bataliyanon kii sthaapana kaa koee ullekh naheen haye. isake alawa, hatahaton aur maanav shakti kii kamee key kaaran purani viphaltaon koo "bimari aur registan seey bhayaanak palayan seey adhik honey key roop mein bataaya gayaa thaa."3 agast 1917 koo, yildirim senaa samooh ney" "lagbhag 70,000 sainikon kii kamee" "kii soochana dee, aur yeh kii prastaavit sudridhikaran bhee unhein 40,000 cumm chhod dega. hussain husni key yilderim key anusaar, "sitambar 1917 mein, palestine mein saatvin senaa key commander mustafa kemal ney enver paasha koo bataaya kii aaney vaale 54vein division key 50 pratishat yaa tou bahut chhote they yaa boodhe they; [koee srot naheen] sabse achche divisions mein seey ack kii ack batalian, joe 1,000 majboot bachee thee, kewal 500 purushon key saath aleppo taka pahunchane key liye. [nott 76 hussain husni, yilderim, bhaag 1, adhyaay 4 (parishisht 16 bhee).] "
massie key anusaar, british samrajya key sainikon kaa saamana karane vaale prabhagon key beach raashan aur netritva bhee garib they, likhate hue "aggar...[ottoman senaa]...achchi tarah seey netritva kiya gayaa thaa aur thheek seey raashan kiya gayaa thaa, "ottoman 3rd, 7th, 16th, 19th, 20th, 24th, 26th, 27th, 53th aur 54th division aur 3rd ghudsavaar division koo adhik dridhata seey pratirodh karane mein saksham honah chaahiye thaa.
gaaja-birsheba line.
aprail key baad, gaaja mein suraksha koo majboot kiya gayaa thaa. kaee ghar ack katak parr banaae gaye they, jinamen seey pratyek kaa apana bagicha uchch cactus baadon seey ghiraa huaa thaa, joe cumm seey cumm ack kshetra koo gahara kartaa thaa. iss durjeya kshetra key saath-saath shahar key paschim mein khaai key kshetra parr paidal senaa dwara hamla karane kii aavashyakta thee kyonki elenbee key paas kaam karane key liye paryaapt topkhaane naheen they. sheria aur birsheba donon koo vishesh roop seey ottoman bull dwara dridhata seey majboot kiya gayaa thaa, sthaayi roop seey dridhata seey sthaapit aur wired padon kaa nirmaan kiya gayaa thaa, samudra seey gaaja mein shail taka vaadi ghazz parr, paidal senaa dwara sanrakshit. ottoman prashansa ney kahaa kii paani kii kamee key kaaran birsheba parr koee bhee hamla kewal ack ghudsavaar aur ack paidal senaa division dwara kiya jaa sakata thaa.
achchi tarah seey sthit ottoman raksha, jawabi hamale key liye harr avsar kaa laabh uthaane key liye taiyar ottoman sainikon parr nirbhar thee. gaaja aur birsheba donon lagbhag kilebandi seey ghire hue they. eif dwara ack hamale kii ummeed kii jaa rahee thee aur ottoman senaa koo hamale kii taiyari key baare mein pataa thaa.
gaaja seey birsheba line koo dhaaran karane vaali yildirim senaa samooh ikaaiyon kii taakat 40,000 rifles kaa anuman lagaaya gayaa thaa, halanki baad mein yeh aankada 33,000 rifles, 1,400 sebar aur 260 bandookon key karib paaya gayaa, jisamen iraq ell menshi mein aarakshit 19 veen division aur hebron mein 12 veen dipo resiment shamil thee. jabaki sheria aur birsheba donon koo ottoman rakshakon dwara vishesh roop seey dridhata seey majboot kiya gayaa thaa, vahaan gaza mein samudra seey vaadi gazeh parr shelal taka sthaayi roop seey majboot aur taar vaale sthaan they.
31 octuber koo, gaaja seey birsheba line key rakshakon koo nau divisions aur ack ghudsavaar division taka badhaa diyaa gayaa thaa. yildirim senaa samooh kii yuddh-poorv tainaati ney dou kshetriya senaaon dwara aayojit gaaja-birsheba rekha koo dekhaa."dahini or, huz key uttar mein huleikat mein mukhyalaya key saath aathvin senaa tainaat kii gaee,
gaza koo ack majboot kille key roop mein vikasit kiya gayaa thaa, joe bhaari roop seey bandha huaa thaa aur taaron seey dhakaa huaa thaa. bhoomadhya sagar seey gaaja key donon or faile, sihan, atavineh, aboo harira-arab ell tihaha aur birsheba mein sthiti key majboot samoohon kii ack shrinkhala, shariya key dakshin mein ack bindu taka poorv kii or daudati haye. railway key paar faile hue, rakshaatmak sthitiyon key inn samoohon koo "lambi nangi dhalanon parr avalokan kaa harr laabh thaa jise ack hamlawar koo paar karna padata haye."inn mukhya padon seey parey birsheba mein lagbhag raksha kaa antar thaa jahan registani desh ney ack eef hamale key khatare koo cumm kiya. haalaanki birsheba key paschim aur dakshin-paschim mein 5,000 kii saatvin senaa kii ack senaa key saath majboot raksha vikasit kii gaee thee, joe isake mahatvapurna kuon kii raksha karati thee, jise birsheba key aspas kaee oonchi pahaadiyon dwara samarthit kiya gayaa thaa.
baain or saatvin senaa, jisaki kamaan fevzi paasha ney sambhali thee, tainaat kii gaee thee -
16vein aur 24vein divisions kii bataliyanon dwara prabalit ottoman 27vein division dwara birsheba kaa bachaav kiya gayaa thaa. yahaan, kilebandi mein rakshaatmak sthitiyon kii dou panktiyaan shamil theen. baahari rekha ney shahar koo gaaja seey birsheba sadak taka chakkar lagaaya, jahan yeh rekha birsheba key paschim aur dakshin-paschim mein jaari rahane seey pahale birsheba key uttar-paschim mein oonchi jameen seey hocker gujarati haye, raas ghannam taka. ausatan birsheba seey sthit, raksha kaa yeh ardh-vritt bhaari roop seey khadaa aur taaron seey ghiraa huaa thaa. uttar-poorv, poorv aur dakshin-poorv mein raksha kii baahari rekha mein tail ell sakati aur tail ell sabaa mein uchch bhoomi parr ack shrinkhala key avrodh yaa majboot chaukiyan shamil theen, saath hii vaadi sabaa key uttari tata kii raksha karane vaale dou patthar key block-house bhee they. raksha kii doosari aantarik rekha ney railway pull key dakshin mein vaadi sabaa koo paar karate hue shahar koo poori tarah seey bersheba seey gher liya.
yuddh seey pahale, crace wonn cresenstein ney sifarish kii kii birsheba key kuon koo nasht curr diyaa jaae aur shahar key uttar kii pahaadiyon mein sainya-dall vaapas leey liya jaae, kyonki unhone maanaa kii birsheba kii safaltapurvak raksha karane key liye paryaapt sanic naheen they. unhone tark diyaa kii pahaadiyon seey uttar kii or, birsheba garrison harera aur sheria key khilaf aage badhane vaali kissy bhee eef ikaaiyon key paarshv parr hamla curr sakata haye, lekin wonn falkenhein ney iss salah koo aswikar curr diyaa.
hamla karane vaalaa bull.
dakshini philistine mein gatirodh key dauran eif koo punargathit aur majboot kiya gayaa thaa taaki gaaja seey birsheba rekha koo pakad curr dridhata seey prabalit aur majboot ottoman balon koo door kiya jaa sakey. elenbee koo yuddh mantrimandal dwara "jitna sambhav hoe sakey turkon parr hamla karane" aur jahaan bhee way eif kaa virodh karate hain, shatrutapurna balon koo haraane kaa nirdesh diyaa gayaa thaa. yuddh seey roose kii vaapsee key baad ottoman senaa dwara apani senaaon koo phir seey tainaat karane seey pahale unhein "sitambar mein jitani jaldi hoe sakey" aakraman shuru karna thaa. robertson ney ashvasana diyaa kii elenbee koo ashvasana diyaa gayaa thaa kii eif koo poori taakat seey vaapas laane aur poori tarah seey yuddhasamagri kii aapoorti karane key liye "harr sambhav" kiya jaa rhaa haye. haalaanki, "vartamaan mein aapako aage kii atirikt senaa bhejane mein saksham honey kii koee sambhavana naheen thee... jefa-jerusalam rekha seey parey sanchaalan key liye aavashyak."iss samay taka ee. ee. aff. seemit british sansadhanon key liye pratispardha curr rhaa thaa, joe bahut safal german pandubbi hamalon dwara pratibandhit kiye jaa rahey they, jinhone british jahaajon aur aapoorti koo nasht curr diyaa thaa, aur yeapress kii teesari ladaai joe 31 julaai koo shuru hui thee. haalaanki, adhik topkhaane pargaman mein they, aur 21 julaai koo railway key doharikaran koo adhikrit kiya gayaa thaa.
eif kii ladaai kii taakat 100,189 theeh
xxx core (leftinent general surr aar.doubleu. chetwode, bart.)
xxi core (leftinent general surr ee.aiss. bulfin)
registan ghudsavaar core (leftinent general surr aich. chauvel)
kull milakar, eif mein 200,000 purush (arab shramikon sahit), 46,000 ghode, 20,000 oont, 15,000 seey adhik khachchar aur gadhe aur saikadon topkhaane key tukade shamil they. 28 octuber 1917 koo eif kii aadhikarik rifle kii taakat, paidal senaa divisions aur shaahi oonta brigade mein 80,000 thee, aur ghudsavaar raifalon aur ghudsavaar paidal senaa brigedon sahit 15,000 ghudsavaar senaa thee. haalaanki "vaastavik shakti... [thaa] kramshah lagbhag 60,000 aur 12,000."yeh 2:1 paidal senaa, 8:1 ghudsavaar senaa aur lagbhag 3:2 bandookon key tulaniya anupaat kaa pratinidhitva kartaa haye.
elenbee kii adhikansh paidal senaa kshetriya prabhagon mein thee, joe yuddh key prakop key samay jutai gaee thee, yadi sabhi bataliyanon mein kuchh niyamit senaa adhikaari aur aine. see. oh. they. gallipoli abhiyaan key dauran kaee divisions ney ottoman senaa key khilaf ladaai ladee thee. cape hales mein 52vaan (nichale) division, jabaki 53vaan (velsh) division aur 54vaan (purvi anglion) division suvala khaadi mein ladey, jabaki 60vaan (doosara/doosara landan) division paschimi morche parr aur salonica mein ladaa thaa. haal hii mein gathit 74vein (yomnari) division mein 18 cumm-shakti vaale yomnari resiment they, joe sabhi gallipoli mein lada gaye they. 10veen (ayrish) division, ack naee senaa senaa division ney bhee suvala khaadi aur salonica mein ladaai ladee thee. anjack ghudsavaar division kii teenon brigedon aur australiyai ghudsavaar division kii dou halki horse brigedon ney gallipoli parr ottoman senaa seey ladaai ladee thee.
elenby ney sahamati vyakt kii kii jaise hii vyavastha poori hoe jaayegi vaha hamla karega aur usake paas kaarravaai key liye saat paidal senaa prabhaag taiyar they. octuber key dauran elenbee ingland seey sudridhikaran kii prateeksha curr rhaa thaa."17 octuber koo elenbee ney robertson koo likhaa kii 75vaan division puuraa hoe gayaa thaa, lekin 10vein (ayrish) division mein bukhaar key lagbhag 3,000 mamle they aur isake divisional golaa-barud collum key" "bee" "star kii kamee thee. unhein ummeed thee kii ayrish division puuraa hoe jaayega aur usa dinn 8,000 aur 9,000 rifles key beach fielding karane mein saksham hoga."isake alawa, elenbee nausena key kaptanon key saath nikat sampark mein they, jaba way atirikt balon kii prateeksha curr rahey they, yeh sunishchit karane key liye kii way vyaktigat roop seey apane samudra aur bhoomi kaa punah nireekshan curr rahey they taaki way" "vaastav mein jaanate hain kii kyaa karna haye."
vimaan.
senaa key wing vimaanon koo ranneetik punargathan karane, ottoman bhandaron parr apani lines key peechhe achchi tarah seey report karane aur photography kartavyon aur havaai hamalon koo puuraa karane key liye saunpa gayaa thaa. senaa key ladaakoo squadron koo shatrutapurna havaai hamale seey suraksha pradaan karni thee, jabaki senaa kii bambari squadron bambari havaai hamale karane key liye taiyar thee. dou paidal senaa core seey judey vimaanon key core squadron ney saamarik tohi key saath topkhaane aur sampark gasht kii. aam taur parr senaa kii shakha dwara pratidin vipaksh kii khaai kii photography kii jaati thee. xxx core seey judee vimaan kii ack udaan, topkhaane aur sampark gashti aur registan mein ghudsavaar core key liye saamarik punarkathan key liye jimmedaar thee.
saath hii british sainikon key aagaman, bhaari bandookon, motor parivahan, upp-too-dett tej vimaan key saath sabhi prakaar kii yuddh samagri ney dheeme vimaan koo badal diyaa, joe german fokar aur albatross scout vimaan dwara aage nickle gayaa thaa. nae aar kaa pahala.ee. 8 number parr aaya. 17 octuber koo 1 squadron nae martinsides key saath, puraane 120-hp injan key bajaay 160-hp injan seey susajjit. natijatan, havaa kaa niyantran dheere-dheere ottoman senaa seey eef mein chalaa gayaa, joe ise sinai abhiyaan key baad seey apane paas rakhti thee.
nae bristol ladaakoo vimaan ack aur dou mein naheen sthaapit karane key liye pahunche. 111 squadron aar. aff. see. jisake baad jald hii number ack thaa. 113 squadron aar. aff. see., jisane core operation koo apane haath mein leey liya, aur noo koo raahat dene key liye. kuchh khaai punargathanon kaa 1 squadron, kyonki yeh badale mein ack visheshagya bambari squadron bunn gayaa. prashikshan vidyalaya key nae pilots aur paryavekshakon ney squadranon koo soochit kiya aur agast mein, naheen. 1 squadron koo aeye dwara adhikrit kiya gayaa thaa.aaee.aff. mukhyalaya, pratishthaan key oopar pachas pratishat udaan adhikaariyon kaa aarakshit sthaan rakhna. iss praavdhaan kaa puuraa moolya 1918 key havaai yuddh taka poori tarah seey upayog naheen kiya gayaa thaa.
sherifial bull.
elenbee koo ummeed thee kii laurence aur sherifial arab bull sitambar key hamale kaa samarthan curr sakate hain, yeh maanate hue kii way sitambar seey pahale fasal kii kataai mein shamil they, lekin siriyai registan mein oonta charaane kii bhoomi parr unake samanya kadam seey pahale "sitambar key anta seey pahale jaanaa hoga". "way, swabhavik roop seey, taba taka bahut kuchh naheen karenge jaba taka main aage naheen badh jaataa; aur yeh unake turkon key sanchaar koo nasht karane kaa bahut adhik upayog naheen kartaa haye jaba taka kii main iss tarah key vinash kaa tatkaal laabh naheen uthaata... aggar main unhein ladaai mein laataa huun aur khud pragati naheen kartaa huun, tou yeh unhein pratishodh key liye bhee ujagar karega-joe kuchh janjaatiyon key liye, jaise kii druze, aiss. damishk kaa arth vinash hoe sakata haye."
aapoorti.
bearsheba rekha parr kabja karane aur antatah jerusalam parr kabja karane key liye elenbee kii ranneetik yojanaon key liye, commander key poorna nirdhaaran aur usake bull kii gatishilata kaa samarthan karane key liye kushal aapoorti lines kii aavashyakta thee. aakramak poori tarah seey sanchaar kii kushal lines parr nirbhar thaa. birsheba parr hamla karane key liye dou prabhagon koo shushk desh koo paar karane key liye, paani, bhojan aur golaa-barud kii aapoorti key liye vistrit vyavastha aavashyak thee. vaastav mein paani kii anupasthiti ney yeh nirdhaarit kiya kii hamla nirnaayak honah thaa, anyatha ghudsavaar divisions koo paani mein vaapas jaane key liye majboor honah hoga.
haalaanki, spasht roop seey jalheen registan mein feeled engineeron dwara ack shrinkhala mein punarmilan aur kaam, buddhimatta key aadhar parr, ghodon key liye birsheba key paschim mein paryaapt paani kaa utpaadan kiya gayaa, aur ghode ack vistrit mehrab mein dakshin kii or chakkar lagaa rahey they.
pyalestine anveshan samaaj key abhilekhon seey pataa chalaa kii khalasa bersheba key dakshin paschim mein yunani shahar elusa kaa sthal thaa aur asluz bersheba key dakshin mein ack badaa shahar thaa. inn donon sthaanon parr paani milane kii sambhavana kii jaanch shaahi engineeron key commander, registan ghudsavaar core dwara kii gaee thee aur kshetra key nivaasiyon key saath charcha key dauran isaki pushti kii gaee thee. inn jall sroton koo vikasit karane kii yojana banaai gaee thee. 23 seey 25 sitambar taka tail ell faraa seey 48 ghante kii tohi kii gaee taaki essani aur khalasa kshetron mein sadakon aur paani kaa sarvekshan kiya jaa sakey.
20/21 octuber kii raat key dauran xxx core kii ikaaiyon koo aapoorti dump banaane aur essani mein paani sangraheet karane key liye aage bheja gayaa thaa, jabaki registan mein ghudsavaar core engineeron ney khalasa aur asluz mein paani vikasit kiya thaa, jise pahale unake dwara phir seey dekhaa gayaa thaa. imara key liye maanak gaze line poori hoe gaee aur station 28 octuber koo khola gayaa. railway line koo karm key uttar-uttar-poorv taka badhaaya gayaa thaa aur 3 navambar koo vahaan ack station khola gayaa thaa. 30 octuber koo gamali mein vaadi gaj key purvi tata seey karm seey khasif taka halki railway poori hui thee. 22 octuber aur 1 navambar key beach mendur seey sheikh azilin taka kaa paani aiks. aiks. aaee. core dwara, isani, imara, karm aur khasif mein aiks. aiks. core dwara aur aboo ghalyun, malaga, khalasa aur asluz mein registani ghudsavaar core dwara vikasit kiya gayaa thaa. khaseef aur imsiri kshetra mein 53vein aur 74vein division key liye 60,000 gallen paani seey bharaa gayaa thaa, jise oont kafile dwara poorak kiya gayaa thaa.
doosari halki ghode kii brigade key biir ell essani aur aaee. see. see. bee. key aboo ghalyun jaane key baad, paani key vikas parr raat-dinn kaam jaari rhaa. inn dou brigedon koo anjack aur australiyai ghudsavaar divisions key feeled squadron dwara samarthit kiya gayaa thaa. elenbee ney vyaktigat roop seey shelal karyon mein paani key binduon kaa nireekshan kiya aur engineeron koo khalasa aur asluz mein kuon kii safai karate hue dekhaa. unake aakasmik aagaman aur gahari ruchi ney kathin, gande kaam koo karane vaalon koo apane kaam seey judey mahatva kii bhavna dee.
paani key mahatva key baare mein, itihaaskaar mattheau hugs ney likhaah "[doubleu] gaza kii teesari ladaai mein elenbee kii yojana kii safalata yaa anyatha nirdhaaran kaarak thaa."elenbee ney 21 agast koo samasya koo sweekaar karate hue kahaa," "[tii] vaha shayed uda jaayega. unakaa maanana thaa kii vaadi aiss sabaa aur vaadi ell imaleh mein "kuchh paani" hoga, lekin vaha raashi key baare mein anishchit they, yeh sweekaar karate hue kii yeh thaa...varsh kaa sabse shushk samay."saubhagya seey british yojana key liye, halanki, 25 octuber koo garaj key saath ack vistrit kshetra mein paani key pool reh gaye they. jabaki poorna aur niyamit aapoorti sunishchit karane key liye sabhi sambhav kadam uthaaye gaye they, elenbee key prashaasnik nirdeshon mein nimnalikhit chetavani shamil theeh "[tii] yeye gananaaen poorna mobile raashan key paimaane parr adharit hain. sabhi doori koo doguna karna aur aadhe raashan parr bull lagaana aavashyak hoe sakata haye."phir bhee, galey milate hue nott karate hain kii" birsheba mein paani key binaa ghudsavaar senaa karm yaa yahaan taka kii rafaa mein rail terminals parr nirbhar thee."
xxx aur xxi core parivahan.
ack hii samay mein kshetra mein xxx aur xxi donon koo rakhane key liye paryaapt parivahan naheen thaa. natijatan, adhikansh laurie, tractor (golaa-barud tractors koo chhodkar), aur gaaja kshetra koo dhaaran karane vaale aiks. aiks. aaee. core key oonton koo vaapas leey liya gayaa aur birsheba kshetra mein aiks. aiks. core kii aapoorti koo majboot karane key liye sthanantarit curr diyaa gayaa."rail key vistaar key saath-saath shelal aur karm key liye aiks. aiks. aaee. core parivahan kii aavaajaahi mein antim kshan taka deree hui, taaki agrim pankti key usa khand kii or dhyaan aakarshit karane seey bachaa jaa sakey. iss beach, xxi core kshetra mein chhipe hue sthaanon mein raashan, golaa-barud aur engineer stores kaa dher lagaa diyaa gayaa.
31 octuber seey 7 navambar taka.
gaaja-birsheba rekha parr kabja.
adesh sankhya. 54 dwara 22 octuber koo elnabi ney kahaa kii yeh unakaa irada thaa kii way birsheba aur gaaja parr "aakramak" houn, phir harera aur sheria kii or "hamla karein. "elenbee ney turkon koo unaki rakshaatmak sthiti seey baahar curr diyaa", gaaja-birsheba rekha poori tarah seey khatm hoe gaee, aur 12,000 ottoman sainikon koo pakad liya gayaa yaa aatmasamarpan curr diyaa gayaa. baad kii pragati 9 disambar koo eif koo jerusalam leey jaayegi.
elenbee ney yuddh key baad shaam koo likhi apani report mein birsheba key kabze kaa varnan kiya haih
haalaanki ottoman rakshakon koo birsheba mein kaee hatahaton kaa saamana karna padaa, lekin majboot ottoman reorgward key khilaf "jiddi ladaai jaari rahee", jisane saat dinon taka ack ef safalata mein deree kii. abb taka key aakraman kii nirantarta aakramankari bull kii kushalata seey aapoorti parr nirbhar karati haye. australiyai ghudsavaar division koo unaki divisional train dwara aapoorti kii gaee thee joe 2 navambar koo birsheba mein unhein aapoorti laati thee. 31 octuber koo australiyai ghudsavaar divisional train essani seey gamali vaapas chully gaee, jahan unhone 1 navambar koo 17:00 parr pahunchane seey pahale resham key liye baahar jaane seey pahale aapoorti bharee. 2 navambar koo 09:30 parr prasthaan karate hue, way lambi dhool bharee vaadi saliya key saath pahaadi 1070 key raaste birsheba kii or badhe. divisional train bhojan aur aaraam key liye rookie jaba jaanvaron koo khilaaya gayaa, isase pahale kii way 20:00 parr birsheba aur bivoac parr pahunchate rahein. 3 navambar koo 08:00 parr, unhone aapoorti utaarnaa shuru curr diyaa.
chikitsa sthiti.
resiment key peechhe seey peechha karane vaale ambulance stretcher vaahak ney ghayalon koo ikattha kiya jahaan way gir gaye. pahala sambhaagiya sangrah station khasam janna mein mobile section dwara banaaya gayaa thaa, joe birsaheba key kuchh poorv mein 12:30 parr thaa. jaba yeh bharaa huaa thaa, tou 19:00 parr doosara birsaheba key paas banaa thaa. anjack aur australiyai ghudsavaar divisions seey ghayal 165 logon koo raat bhar banaae rakhaa gayaa. inn ghayalon koo birsheba key ottoman aspatal mein sthanantarit curr diyaa gayaa, jise 1 navambar koo sanchaalan ikai aur australiyai ghudsavaar division receiving station key 07:00 parr pahunchane key baad leey jaaya gayaa thaa. enzac ghudsavaar division station aur kafile kii kaaron koo reserve mein praapt curr rhaa thaa, 11:00 parr pahuncha jaba motor ambulance kafile dwara imara koo nikasi kii jaa rahee thee aur light (ford) motor ambulance vaigan shuru hue. 2 navambar koo xxx core ney ottoman aspatal koo apane kabje mein leey liya jaba australiyai ghudsavaar division receiving station koo town holl mein sthanantarit curr diyaa gayaa, jahaan shahar key uttar mein pahaadiyon mein ladaai seey ghayal honey vaale loga aaney lagey.
hebron kii or dakshini judian pahaadiyaan.
ack saptah taka, ottoman rakshakon ney sheria sahit birsheba parr kabja karane key baad puraane gaaja seey laker birsheba line taka kaa adhikansh hissa pakadana jaari rakhaa, aur tank aur atavine redobs key saath gaaja. "yeh paani naheen thaa jitna kii dushman dwara kii gaee majboot raksha aur thhandi kaarravaai thee, jisane birsheba key girane key baad saat dinon taka apani rekha koo banaae rakhaa, jisane apani senaa koo ack vyavasthit tareeke seey sevaanivritt honey kii anumati dee."halanki haal key itihas paani key mudde parr kendrit rahey hain. "gaaja kii teesari ladaai mein elenbee kii yojana kii safalata yaa anyatha paani nirnaayak kaarak thaa."vaastav mein, karm mein paani mein australiyai ghudsavaar vibhajan kii vaapsee koo" paarshv sanchaalan key poore uddeshya koo nakaarne "key roop mein varnit kiya gayaa haye... paani kii kathinaaiyon key kaaran honey vaali deree key kaaran dushman balon koo kaatane kaa prayaas whiffle hoe gayaa thaa.
birsheba key nuksan key baad, ottoman rakshak uttar paschim mein telesh sheria kii or aur uttar kii or tail ell khuvilfe kii or peechhe hutt gaye. joe uttar kii or sevaanivritt hue, unhein hebron mein saatven senaa mukhyalaya aur uttar mein jerusalam kii or jaane vaale raaste kii raksha karni thee. yahaan sabhi upalabdh aarakshit ikaaiyon sahit ack kaafee ottoman bull koo tail ell kuvilfeh kshetra mein tainaat kiya gayaa thaa taaki anjack ghudsavaar division dwara majboot hamalon kaa saamana kiya jaa sakey. inn hamalon kaa, joe birsheba key kabja kiye jaane key ack dinn baad shuru hue they, ottoman rakshakon dwara tail ell khuvilfe kii ladaai key dauran dridhata seey virodh kiya gayaa thaa, jinhen ack badey ghudsavaar hamale kaa darr thaa.
bhoomadhyasagariya tata.
gaaja kii teesari ladaai key dauran, 52vein (nichale ilaakon), 54vein (purvi anglion) aur 75vein divisions dwara aiks. aaee. core dwara kaee hamale kiye gaye they. inn abhiyaanon kaa mukhya uddeshya 8,000 rifleman kii ottoman garrison koo 116 bandookon dwara samarthit rakhna thaa. aiks. aiks. aaee. core ney dedh navambar kii raat koo chhatra pahaadi kii or 23:00 parr hamla kiya. kuchh ghanton baad doosara hamla 03:00 parr ell arish redob kii or shuru kiya gayaa thaa. yeye hamale, joe chhatra pahaadi aur tata key beach raksha key ack lambe hisse parr kendrit they, kaa uddeshya khaai parisaron yaa redbots key teen samoohon koo pakadana thaa, jinhen eef dwara "ell arish", "rafa" aur "cricket" kahaa jaataa haye. yeye kille kaee paraton kii motee khaai rekhaaon kii ack shrinkhala dwara dridhata seey judey hue they, aur anya khaai aur majboot binduon dwara samarthit they."inn hamalon key dauran, jinka kabhi bhee gaaja parr kabja karane kaa irada naheen thaa, ottoman khaaiyon kii pahali pankti mein, xxi core ney naee paidal senaa kii ranneeti kaa upayog kiya, aur paschimi agrim shally key anusaar tank aur badee matra mein topkhaane dwara samarthit they.
kendra mein.
gaaja seey faili ottoman front line parr mukhya paarshv hamla, 6 navambar koo harera aur sheria mein kendra mein eef dwara kiya gayaa thaa, aur registan mein ghudsavaar core key liye bhoomadhyasagariya tata key raaste mein huz parr kabja karane key liye ack antaral banaaya gayaa thaa.
haalaanki, registan mein ghudsavaar senaa mein 17,000 mein seey 8,000 seey bhee cumm ghudsavaar upalabdh they. safalata mein bhaag lene key liye 7 navambar koo kewal teen halke ghode aur ack ghudsavaar brigade turant upalabdh they. way pahali aur doosari halki ghode kii brigade (enzac ghudsavaar division), chauthi halki ghode aur 5 veen ghudsavaar brigade theen, jabaki teesari halki ghode kii brigade (australiyai ghudsavaar division), xxx aur xxi core koo jodane vaale chauki key kaam seey raahat paane key liye prateeksha curr rahee thee. registani ghudsavaar core kii taakat mein ack tihai kii katauti kii gaee thee, joe kii yomainari ghudsavaar division, nyu zeeland ghudsavaar raifalon kii brigade, aur judian pahaadiyon mein 11 veen aur 12 veen halki bakhtarband kaar baitariyon koo chhodane key nirnay seey hui thee, joe tail ell khuelfe mein 53 vein (velsh) division key hamalon kaa samarthan karati thee. enzac ghudsavaar division bhee dou squadron aur machine gunn seey cumm thaa, aur division key adhikansh feeled squadron australiyai engineer joe abhee bhee bearsheba kuon seey bahane vaale paani kii matra mein sudhaar karane key liye kaam curr rahey they.
09:00 dwara australiyai ghudsavaar division (ack seey cumm brigade) koo kha mein jodana thaa. beautiha, enzac ghudsavaar vibhajan key saath, joe paintarebaazi key liye jagah hassil karane key liye ottoman padon koo lagaatar peechhe dhakel rhaa thaa. haalaanki, australiyai ghudsavaar division tail aish sheria key kabja mein deree key kaaran, andhera honey taka aage badhane kii sthiti mein naheen thaa. asafal aarop mein bhaag lene key baad, 11veen halki horse resiment key ghodon koo 8 navambar koo sheria watter tower parr 06:00 parr paani diyaa gayaa, jahaan resiment koo unake unake eachelon key vishesh aapaatkaaleen raashan seey raashan aur chaara jaari kiya gayaa thaa. 07:30 parr chauthi halki ghode kii brigade ney resiment koo soochit kiya kii brigade vaadi sudeh kii uttar disha mein 09:00 parr aage badh rahee thee. chauthi halki ghode kii brigade ney tail ell sheria key dakshin mein dhyaan kendrit kiya aur 12veen halki ghode kii resiment ney brigade koo uttar kii or badhaa diyaa. ottoman stambhon key 7-8 navambar kii madhyaraatri mein atavineh seey huz aur bett hanoon kii or uttar kii or peechhe hatane kii soochana millie thee.
iss beach khuvilfeh parvat shrinkhala key liye ladane vaali virodhi taakton ney 7 navambar koo binaa kissy badalaav key apana lamba sangharsh jaari rakhaa. shaam kii or ottoman senaayen vaapas hatane lageen, taaki gaaja aur sheria sahit poori ottoman rakshaatmak rekha kii lambai key saath ack samanya sevaanivritti key anuroop hoe sakein. gaaja mein, 6 navambar kii raat key dauran eef paidal senaa key hamalon kii ack shrinkhala kaa dridhata seey virodh naheen kiya gayaa thaa aur jaba 7 navambar kii subah key dauran ack samanya agrim ghatana hui tou shahar koo chhod diyaa gayaa thaa. yuddh seey pahale jiss shahar kii aabaadi 40,000 thee, vaha poori tarah seey sunsan thaa. usa shaam taka, halanki kaee kaidiyon koo pakad naheen liya gayaa thaa, "dushman koo majboot padon seey baahar nikaal diyaa gayaa thaa" joe aathh maheene taka eif key khilaf safaltapurvak aayojit kiya gayaa thaa.
ottoman vaapsee.
ottoman xxii core koo haraaya naheen gayaa thaa, lekin kushalata seey gaaja seey ack saamarik peechhe hatane kaa sanchaalan kiya thaa, joe parichaalan aur saamarik gatishilata donon kaa pradarshan kartaa thaa. naa hii yildirim senaa samooh ney ack majboot jawabi hamale kaa prayaas kiya. mustafa kemal kii kamaan vaali saatvin senaa aur crace wonn cresenstein kii kamaan vaali aathvin senaa koo isake bajaay "ladaai vaapas lene" kaa adesh diyaa gayaa thaa, jisamen ottoman 3rd ghudsavaar division ney saatvin senaa key baaen hisse kii jaanch kii thee. jabaki yildirim senaa samooh kaa mukhyalaya vaapas jerusalam mein sevaanivritt hoe gayaa, saatvin senaa kaa mukhyalaya hebron seey vaapas bethelham mein sevaanivritt hoe gayaa. raat key dauran apane balon koo peechhe hataane seey pahale, gaaja key uttar mein ack naee rakshaatmak rekha sthaapit kii jaane luggy thee. kaee reorgard ney vighatan koo cover kiya jaba kaee ottoman sanic maare gaye yaa inn reorgard kaa bachaav karate hue pakade gaye. kendra mein aur aathvin senaa kii or tata key saath mukhya eef key dabaav mein, crace wonn cresenstein koo niyantran aur samanjasya banaae rakhane mein bahut kathinaaee hui. 9 navambar taka aathvin senaa peechhe hutt gaee thee jabaki saatvin senaa ney shayed hii koee jameen khou dee thee.
punarvyavastha.
haalaanki way pichhali dou raaton key dauran sevaanivritt hoe rahey they, lekin unhone beach key dinn eif ghudsavaar divisions seey ladate hue dridhata seey virodh kiya. ack company seey laker kaee resiments taka key samoohon dwara gathit reorgard, ack majboot reorgard sthiti sthaapit karane key liye harr kahane yaa anya commanding ground parr kabja curr lete hain, jisase way "dridhata seey ladey."kaee ottoman sanic maare gaye yaa apane reorgard kaa bachaav karate hue pakad liye gaye, lekin ottoman reorgard key balidan ney ef koo aage badhane mein deree kii aur aathvin senaa koo gherabandi aur vinash seey bachaa liya.
gaaja koo khaali karane key baad, ottoman 53 vein division koo aage badhane kaa adesh diyaa gayaa, registan mein ghudsavaar core key breakout koo rokane key liye huz seey gujar gayaa. unhone doosari halki horse brigade key pramukh squadranon parr hamla kiya, joe unake baain or 7 veen ghudsavaar brigade parr hamla karane seey pahale ander chaley gaye they, jisane aage badhane koo roque diyaa. haalaanki jaba daaeen or pahali halki ghode kii brigade dwara dhamki dee gaee, tou 53 veen division vaadi hessy mein vaapas aaa gaee, lekin ghudsavaar agrim mein deree ney 16 veen aur 26 veen division koo pakadane seey bachane kii anumati dee.
shaam taka anjack ghudsavaar division tail aboo dilakh taka pahunch gayaa, australiyai ghudsavaar division unake baain or 60vein (landan) division key saath. yeh safalata kewal aanshik thee kyonki majboot suvyavasthit jawabi hamalon ney tail aaboo dilakh mein ghudsavaar divisions koo avaruddh curr diyaa, joe tail aish sheria key uttar mein aur vaadi ell hessy line parr atavinah, tank aur bear suraksha seey peechhe hatane key liye saksham thaa. yeh anushaasit vaapsee ack parajay koo rokane mein safal rahee, lekin ottoman raksha abb kewal praathamik thee aur lambe samay taka registani ghudsavaar senaa koo roque naheen sakee.
dou karakon ney eif kii pragati kii gati koo prabhaavit kiya, baar-baar jawabi hamale aur paani. yeh gyaat thaa kii biir jamameh, tail ell jazil aur huz mein paani upalabdh thaa. haalaanki registan mein ghudsavaar senaa kaa kewal ack hissa ghudsavaar hamale key liye sashastr thaa. "lekin yeh tathya kii upalabdh chhah brigedon mein seey kewal dou talwar seey lais they, nissandeh turkey regard key virodh seey nipatane mein unaki ranneeti aur gati koo prabhaavit kiya."
7 navambar key dauran, sheria key paas harera aur sheria kii ladaai key dauran australiyai ghudsavaar division mein majboot ottoman reorgards dwara deree kii gaee thee, jabaki enzac ghudsavaar division kii kewal dou brigade ottoman vaapsee koo aage badhaane aur dhamki dene key liye upalabdh theen, joe aprabhaavit rahee. chauvel ney yomnari ghudsavaar division koo registan ghudsavaar core mein vaapas karane kaa anurodh kiya.
7 seey 16 navambar taka peechha karein.
haalaanki, haal key itihaskaron ney paintarebaazi key safal sahayogi abhiyaan kii andekhi kii haye, jisake parinamswarup sitambar 1918 mein magido kii ladaai kaa daavaa karate hue, jerusalam parr kabja curr liya gayaa, joe "poore mahaan yuddh mein paintarebaazi kaa ekmatra safal sahayogi abhiyaan thaa."ghodon koo paani dene kii samasyaon, aapoorti kii kamee, donon koo ack khamsin, germ dakshini havaa seey badhaa diyaa gayaa thaa, jisane dhool aur rait key baadlon koo hilaa diyaa thaa, seey peechha karna baadhit thaa. poore paani key tank leey jaane vaali sou motor laurie bearsheba aur karm key beach chalati hain. aparyaapt paani aur aksar jawabi hamale, joe aksar yahudi pahaadiyon kii talhati seey aage badhane vaale ghudsavaar dall key daahine taraf nirdeshit kiye jaate they, dou pramukh kaarak they jinhone peechha karna dheema curr diyaa.
7 navambar.
anjack ghudsavaar division (nyu zeeland ghudsavaar raifalon kii brigade abhee bhee 53 vein (velsh) division key saath khuvilfe key paas bairo kii tukadi seey judee hui haye) koo 7 navambar koo amidat key liye aage badhane kaa adesh milaa. unhone kha mein ottoman rakshaatmak rekha mein ack antaral key madhyam seey dhakka diyaa. umm all bucker. yeh antar taba paida huaa thaa jaba rakshakon ney tail aish sheria aur tail ell khuvilfe kii or rukh kiya thaa. way pahale kuchh meal taka virodh kiye binaa birsheba seey junction station railway taka tail aish sheria station key uttar paschim mein umm ell amidat kii sawari karate they. pramukh brigade key roop mein, pahali halki horse brigade maidan key oopar khule gathan mein chully gaee, unhein paschim aur uttar-paschim seey ottoman topkhaane dwara golabari kii gaee. jaise hii pahali halki horse brigade ney 11:00 parr station kaa rukh kiya, pramukh resiment parr golibari kii gaee. hamale key liye utarane key bajaay, unhone usa sthaan parr hamla kiya, jise badee aapoorti aur golaa-barud dipo key saath "tej ladaai" key baad pakad liya gayaa thaa. amidat mein unhone 396 kaidiyon aur golaa-barud, hathiyaron aur kaathi sahit ayudh bhandar seey bharey 27 trucks koo pakad liya. purani ottoman front line key peechhe kii sthiti seey anjack ghudsavaar division koo unake daaeen or yahudi pahaadiyon seey aur sheria aur attavin redobs seey ottoman bhaari bandookon seey golabari kii gaee thee. inn ottoman bandookon ney desh koo chhura, dhuaan aur dhool seey dhakte hue xxx aur xxi core parr bhee golibari kii.
dopahar mein enzac ghudsavaar division seey gashti dall amidat seey uttar kii or rail parr door tail aine nejil kii or aur uttar-paschim mein kha kii or nikalate hue. vaadi jammame parr bhee jammame door. aadhe ghante baad unhein soochit kiya gayaa kii gaaja gir gayaa haye aur division seey aagrah kiya gayaa kii vaha kha kii or aage badhkar gaaja kii senaa key peechhe hatane kaa prayaas karey. jemmame halanki harera aur atavinah key aspas kii rekha kaa kendra abhee bhee ottoman reorgards dwara aayojit kiya jaataa thaa.
donon gashti koo ottoman reorgards dwara roque diyaa gayaa thaa, ack bahut hii majboot gashti tail aboo dilakh seey kha key aadhe raaste parr sthit thee. jemmame. haalaanki doosari halki ghode kii brigade ney 15:00 parr tail parr pahali halki ghode kii brigade key hamale kaa samarthan karane key liye aage kii sawari kii, aur dou brigedon key sanyukt bull ney rakshakon koo pahaadi seey peechhe dhakel diyaa, lekin reorgard ney uttar kii or ack aur majboot sthiti leey lii. halanki paani upalabdh naheen thaa, lekin railway key aboo dilakh seey poorv taka faili ack yuddh chauki line koo pakade hue ameidat key paas enzac ghudsavaar division koo baandh diyaa gayaa. raat key dauran teesari halki horse brigade key scout (xxi core key saath xxx koo jodane vaali chauki line seey raahat milane key baad) koo aboo dilakh key paas anjack ghudsavaar division key saath sparsh milaa, aur 7 veen ghudsavaar brigade koo anjack ghudsavaar division koo majboot karane key liye bheja gayaa, kyonki newzealand ghudsavaar rifles brigade abhee bhee 53 vein (velsh) division key saath tail ell khuelfe kshetra mein thee.
7-8 navambar.
bett hanun aur vaadi all hessy.
yeh daavaa kiya gayaa haye kii aiks. aiks. aaee. core key paas tateey maidan mein peechhe hatane vaali ottoman senaa kaa peechha karane key liye koee ghudsavaar naheen thaa."haalaanki, yeh peechha joe antatah kuchh uttar mein samaapt huaa, 7 navambar kii subah key dauran shuru huaa jaba shaahi seva ghudsavaar senaa kii brigade beit hanun taka pahunchane key liye gaaja seey baahar nickle gaee, jahan unhein beit hanun key dakshin-poorv mein ack katak parr ack majboot reorgard sthiti kaa bachaav karate hue gaaja garrison key hisse kaa saamana karna padaa. jaba way bett hanun key paschim mein ack katak parr kabja karane mein safal rahey, taba taka gaanv ottoman haathon mein rhaa, jaba taka kii vaadi hessy key peechhe, gaaja key uttar poorv mein rait key teelon mein aur kheti vaale kshetra mein sevaanivritt naheen hoe gayaa. yildirim senaa samooh ney raat bhar jall sroton kii raksha karane key liye ack halki khaai rekha sthaapit karane key liye doori aur samay praapt karane key liye march kiya thaa. yahaan, una parr 157veen brigade (52veen division) dwara hamla kiya gayaa thaa, joe gaaja seey uttar kii or cooch curr rahee thee. haalaanki, ottoman senaayen 8 navambar key anta taka poore dinn vaadi koo pakadane mein safal raheen, aur eif key aage badhane kaa dridhata seey virodh kiya.
31 octuber aur 7 navambar key beach XX core dwara peedit hatahaton mein 932 maare gaye, 4,444 ghayal hue aur 108 laapata they. iss avadhi key dauran unhone 2,177 kaidiyon, 45 bandookon, saat trench mortar aur 50 machineganon koo pakad liya.
8 navambar.
8 navambar kii subah taka, allie fuad kii senaa tail ell sheria key uttar mein paaee gaee, joe saatvin aur aathvin senaaon seey swatantra roop seey kaam curr rahee thee. sheikh abbas mein mishrit resiment (royal glassgo yomainari, duke off lankester yomainari 1/1st hertfordshire yomainari squadron) dwara gasht karate hue, gaaja seey laker birsheba sadak taka key ghaaton koo halke mein paaya gayaa. ottoman 26vein aur 54vein division key badey hisse 7-8 navambar kii raat key dauran chupchaap peechhe hutt gaye they, jabaki 53vein division kii machine gunn screen ney eif koo pakad liya thaa. ottoman bull tata parr aage badhane vaale eif key ghudsavaar sainikon aur antardeshiya sainikon key beach key sankeern antaral key madhyam seey peechhe hutt gayaa. gaaja seey birsheba sadak parr abhee bhee reorgard khaai bunny hui thee, jisake parinamswarup aag seey bachane key liye xxx core aur xxi core parivahan lambe chakkar lagaate they. dakshin african brigade feeled artillery key saath 232 veen brigade, 495 veen feeled company royal engineer aur ack feeled ambulance key dou khand dinn key dauran chupke seey aage badhane mein kamyab rahey.
hodson ney teesare halke ghode aur australiyai ghudsavaar division kii 5 veen ghudsavaar brigade koo aage badhane kaa adesh diyaa, jisamen teesari halki ghode kii brigade kaa adhikaar kha parr thaa. ell kofkha, aur 5 veen ghudsavaar brigade key huz parr chhod diyaa. chauvel, tata key saath aiks. aiks. aaee. core key sainikon dwara agrim kaarravaai seey avagat, ney unhein chhoone key liye chauthe halke ghode kii brigade (joe dinn mein pahale usaki kamaan mein laut aaee thee) kii ack resiment bhejane key liye 13:00 parr hodgeson koo adesh diyaa. 12veen halki ghode kii resiment ney bett hanun key paas shaahi seva ghudsavaar senaa key saath judane key liye desh bhar mein dedh ghante mein sawari kii. aur, dopahar mein dair seey australiyai ghudsavaar division huz pahunch gayaa, jahan yomnari charge ney 30 kaidiyon, 11 feeled gunn aur chaar machine gunn koo pakad liya.
huz.
60vein (landan) division key saath australiyai ghudsavaar division dwara huz kii or aage badhana, 8 navambar koo phir seey shuru huaa, jaba topkhaane aur machine-bandookon key ack aur majboot reorgard kaa saamana kiya gayaa. kaafee golabari" seey peedit honey key dauran, 5veen ghudsavaar brigade 60veen (landan) division key baain or aage badhee. 60vein (landan) division kii kamaan sambhaalane vaale mejar general shee dwara ack vyaktigat tohi key dauran, unhone dushman key ack tukadi koo paschim seey poorv kii or badhate hue dekhaa, kuchh aage aur ack flank gaard key saath topkhaane ney jaldbaji mein daahine morche parr sthiti banaai."unhone ottoman paarshv rakshak koo charge karane key liye 5veen ghudsavaar brigade kii kamaan sambhali. ack chhoti tukadi ney bhuj mein talvaaron key saath ghudsavaar senaa kaa aakraman kiya. 1/1 warwickshire yomnari aur 1/1 worcestershire yomnari key inn 200 purushon koo bhaari hatahaton kaa saamana karna padaa, lekin way bandookon taka pahunchane aur bandukdhariyon koo kaatane mein kamyab rahey. aisaa karate hue unhone huz key dakshin mein ottoman shakti key antim hisse koo nasht curr diyaa. haalaanki, dushman sainikon key kissy bhee badey samooh koo kaat naheen diyaa gayaa thaa. jabaki australiyai ghudsavaar division ney huz parr kabja curr liya, joe kii crace wonn cresenstein kii aathvin senaa key mukhyalaya kaa sthal thaa, enzac ghudsavaar division ney vaadi jemmame aur paani kii aapoorti parr kabja curr liya.
60vaan (landan) division apani sanchaar lines key anta taka pahunch gayaa jaba unhone huz key poorv mein dwi-sanchaar kiya. division ney 6 navambar koo 05:30 aur 8 navambar koo 16:30 key beach march kiya thaa, kavuka aur rushdi system parr kabja curr liya thaa, aur sheria mein bridghead; ack dridh jawabi hamale koo rokte hue aur teen rakshaatmak sthitiyon seey ottoman regard koo dhakelate hue. unhone dou 5.9 howitzer, 10 feeled gunn, 21 machine gunn, dou luis gunn aur anty aircraft gunn jabt kii. 179veen brigade koo 28 logon kii maut hoe gaee, 274 ghayal aur dou laapata hoe gaye, 180veen brigade koo 50 logon kii maut hoe gaee, 249 ghayal hoe gaye aur chhah laapata hoe gaye, aur 181veen brigade koo 35 logon kii maut hoe gaee, 207 aur 10 laapata hoe gaye. divisional topkhaane mein 11 loga maare gaye aur 44 ghayal hoe gaye.
xxx aur xxi core parivahan samasyaaen.
kewal ack paidal senaa division kii aapoorti aur rakharkhaav railhead seey doori parr kiya jaa sakata thaa, jisamen oont aur pahiye vaale parivahan koo ef paidal senaa core koo aavantit kiya gayaa thaa. birsheba parr hamale key dauran aiks. aiks. aaee. core key parivahan koo aiks. aiks. core kii aapoorti key liye saunpa gayaa thaa, joe jeet key baad karm parr railhead key paas vaapas chalaa gayaa. yahaan nyuntam parivahan kii aavashyakta thee isaliye parivahan koo xxi core koo vaapas bhej diyaa gayaa thaa. lambi kataron mein khade hajaaron oont dheere-dheere apane aavantit kshetron mein jamaa hoe gaye, isase pahale kii unhein agrim key liye load kiya jaae. dhool seey bharee motor laurie bhee rait aur mitty key choorn key paar paschim kii or chully gaee. neend naa aaney vaale chalakon key vaahanon koo apani paidal senaa ikaaiyon kii aapoorti key liye gaadi chalaane seey pahale load kiya jaataa thaa.
60vaan (landan) division, jise huz key uttar mein aapoorti naheen kii jaa sakati thee, usa kshetra mein banaa rhaa, jabaki dou paidal senaa core key parivahan kaa punargathan kiya jaa rhaa thaa.
registan ghudsavaar core.
isaliye tata parr aiks. aiks. aaee. core kii kewal ikaaiyaan hii vaadi hessy rekha kaa bachaav karane vaale ottoman reorgard parr hamla karane key liye aage badh rahee theen, aur registan ghudsavaar core kii chhah ghudsavaar brigade joe ottoman senaa kaa peechha karane key liye upalabdh theen. tatkaal sudridhikaran kii aavashyakta key kaaran, chauvel ney 8 navambar koo tail ell khuvilfe kshetra mein bairo kii tukadi seey registani ghudsavaar core koo vaapas karane kaa adesh diyaa. dorset yomainari (6 veen ghudsavaar brigade, yomainari ghudsavaar division) 54 ghanton mein cover kiya gayaa. registani ghudsavaar senaa kii or nirdeshit kaee baar jawabi hamale, saatvin ottoman senaa dwara aayojit yahudi pahaadiyon kii talhati seey daaeen or they.
neel key dakshin-paschim mein ack pramukh ottoman reorgard ney 24 ghante key liye eif kaa peechha karane key liye dridh sankalp kiya. 7veen ghudsavaar brigade key saath enzac ghudsavaar division kaa dabaav, (jabaki naee zeeland ghudsavaar rifle brigade koo isake division seey alag curr diyaa gayaa thaa) antatah reorgard koo raasta chhodane key liye majboor curr diyaa. haalaanki, 1/1 sherwood ranger aur 1/1 dakshin nots husar (7 veen ghudsavaar brigade) koo anjack ghudsavaar division key daaeen or madveh parr jordar jawabi hamla kiya gayaa thaa, jise unhone bahaduri seey roque diyaa thaa."
anjack ghudsavaar division (newzealand ghudsavaar raifalon kii brigade seey cumm) subah mein, gaaja key lagbhag uttar-poorv mein, barir kii or nickle gayaa thaa, jisamen pahali aur doosari halki ghode kii brigeden aboo dilakh key baare mein ack saamane koo cover karati theen, jisamen 7 veen ghudsavaar brigade reserve mein doosari halki ghode kii brigade key daaeen or thee. pahali halki horse resiment (pahali halki horse brigade) ney aine nejil koo bataane key liye 05:45 parr pragati kii, jabaki teesari halki horse resiment (pahali halki horse brigade) daahine hisse kii raksha key liye amidat mein rahee. 5veen aur 7veen halki ghode kii resiment (2jee halki ghode kii brigade), baain or kha kii or aage badhee. jemmame. division ney khule, ludhakane vaale, pedon seey rahit, dridh desh mein sawari kii, jisamen pramukh pahaadiyaan yaa ghudsavaar senaa key liye design kiye gaye 'tails' they, aur australiyai unake baain or savaar they. iss prakriya mein, doosari halki ghode kii brigade ney dou bandooken pakad leen, jinhone unhein shaam koo pakad liya thaa.
09:00 seey peechhe hatane vaale yildirim senaa samooh ikaaiyon key lambe stambhon koo bandookon aur parivahan key saath uttar kii or badhate hue dekhaa gayaa. ell kofkha jemmame kii or. vaadi sheria mein apane ghodon koo paani dene key baad, 7veen ghudsavaar brigade, 09:00 mein sambhaagiya mukhyalaya mein pahunchi aur turant kendra mein pahali aur doosari halki ghode kii brigade koo majboot karane kaa adesh diyaa gayaa. 11:00 parr doosari halki ghode kii brigade parr ghudsavaar paidal senaa line key daaeen or, tail ell nejil key paas jordar hamla kiya gayaa thaa, aur usey pakad liya gayaa thaa, jabaki 7 veen ghudsavaar brigade, kendra mein, biir ell jemameh kii or aage badh rahee thee. lagbhag 13:00 taka way apane uddeshya taka lagbhag pahunch chuke they, jaba ottoman rakshakon dwara paani kii aapoorti koo cover karane key liye una parr bhaari hamla kiya gayaa thaa, jisase brigade koo vaapas majboor kiya gayaa thaa, aur isake baaen hisse koo khatare mein daal diyaa gayaa thaa. pahali halki ghode kii brigade 7veen ghudsavaar brigade key paschimi hisse mein aaee, aur ottoman hamlaavaron koo vaapas bhagaa diyaa, pahali halki ghode kii brigade key pramukh sainikon, teesari halki ghode kii resiment ney 15:00 key turant baad biir ell jemameh/kha jameme mein apana raasta banaaya. yahaan unhone kuon, kundon aur bhaap pump karane vaale sanyantra koo barkarar rakhaa, jisamen prabhaari engineer bhee shamil thaa. jabaki pahali halki horse brigade kii ack resiment ney uttar kii or uchch bhoomi koo surakshit kiya, jisamen biir ell jemameh kshetra kii raksha curr rhaa thaa, shesh brigade aur 7 veen ghudsavaar brigade ney apane sabhi ghodon koo paani diyaa. iss beach, doosari halki ghode kii brigade ney andhera honey key baad tail ell nejil station parr kabja curr liya, jaba ottoman 53 vein division key rakshak sevaanivritt hoe gaye they. haalaanki yahaan vaadi hessy mein kuchh paani paaya gayaa thaa, lekin chauki sainikon key ghodon koo paani denaa sambhav naheen thaa, jinhone nejil kii raksha karate hue ack raat kii chauki line sthaapit kii thee.
anzac ghudsavaar division ney 300 kaidiyon aur dou bandookon key saath nadee key uttari tata taka desh parr kabja curr liya thaa. jabaki australiyai ghudsavaar division huz key uttar kii or aage badhaa, unaki chauthi halki ghode kii brigade bett hanoon mein shaahi seva ghudsavaar brigade (xxi core) key sampark mein thee. dinn key dauran, unaki teesari halki ghode kii brigade ney kaidiyon aur dou austriyai 5.9 howitzer koo pakad liya.
8 navambar kii shaam taka, gaaja-birsheba rekha koo banaane vaale sabhi ottoman padon parr kabja curr liya gayaa thaa aur dushman poori tarah seey peechhe hutt gayaa thaa. 8 navambar key dauran eif ney huz key poorv mein ack sthiti parr kabja karane key liye aage badhana shuru kiya, joe kii senaa kaa mukhyalaya aur tata rekha kaa sainya railway terminus thaa. taba eif topkhaane ney andhera honey seey thheek pahale, raat key dauran huz seey uttar kii or jaane vaali mukhya sadak parr golibari kii. 9 navambar kii subah taka, sadak bandookon, angon, golaa-barud key dibbon aur sabhi vivaranon key parivahan seey bharee hui thee, aur apani teams key saath dheron mein gir gaee thee.
itihaskaron ney iss khoj koo peechhe hatane vaale ottoman balon koo pakadane key asafal prayaas key roop mein varnit kiya haye. kii aiks. aiks. aaee. core gaaja seey aage badhata haye aur registani ghudsavaar core tail aish sheria seey aage badhate hue peechhe hatane vaali ottoman senaaon koo kaatane aur pakadane key liye "dou jabade" banaane vaale they. iss avadhi key dauran, kuchh ghodon ney chaar dinon mein kewal ack achchha peya piyaa, jiska unaki sthiti parr gambhir prabhaav padaa. isaliye registan mein ghudsavaar senaa kii 11 brigedon mein seey kewal chhah hii peechha karane key liye upalabdh theen aur khalasa/asluz/ijni koo 30/31 octuber parr chhodane key baad seey paani kii kamee thee, unake ghode fitt seey bahut door they. ayogya brigedon koo ack aarakshit dall mein banaaya gayaa aur una kshetron mein vaapas curr diyaa gayaa jahaan feed aur paani upalabdh thaa. jaba way punarjeevit hue, tou way sudridhikaran key roop mein upalabdh hoe gaye kyonki harera aur shariya key uttar mein paani kii sthiti bahut cumm thee, jisamen kuchh bahut gahare, cumm upaj dene vaale paani key kuein they. yildirim senaa samooh kii ranneeti ney bhaugolik sthitiyon koo dhyaan mein rakhaa. way jaanate they kii aggar eef koo paani key binaa 48 ghante seey adhik deree seey chalaaya jaataa haye tou peechha karna itna majboot hoga kii unake paidal senaa koo dheemi british paidal senaa seey pahale vaapas jaane kii anumati dene key liye majboot reorgard sthaapit kiye gaye. ottoman balon parr lagaatar hamla karane key liye, bahut seemit chaare aur paani parr lambe julus key bavjood, ef balon ney dridhata seey prayaas kiya.
yuddh key hathiyaron kaa paintarebaazi.
machine gunn dwara yuddh key vishal parivartan kaa pradarshan 8 navambar key dauran kiya gayaa thaa, kyonki yeh ottoman topkhana naheen thaa joe enzac ghudsavaar division key agrim mein hastakshep kartaa thaa, balki machine gunn thee jisane unhein aakraman karane aur stambhon parr kabja karane seey roque diyaa thaa. 8 navambar koo seedhe huz mein hamale key dauran aur apratyaksh roop seey jaba talwar rahit australiyai halke ghode koo badey peechhe hatane vaale ottoman stambhon parr hamla karane key bajaay "giraaye gaye hamale karane key liye majboor" kiya gayaa thaa, tou ghudsavaar hamale mein talvaaron key moolya kaa bhee pradarshan kiya gayaa. elnabi key aaney seey pahale, british kamaan ney "apane ghodon key bojh koo halka karane key liye yomnari resiments seey talvaaren vaapas lene parr vichaar kiya thaa, iss aadhar parr kii" arm blanch "kaa upayog honey kii sambhavana bahut cumm thee."
havaai hamale aur samarthan.
naheen. 304 bavarian flying squadron.
yildirim senaa samooh koo peechhe hatane key dauran vimaan, bhandar aur havaai addon kaa gambhir nuksan huaa. apani vayu senaa kii raksha key liye, 4 navambar koo german vayu senaa key felmi commander key saath ack sammelan key dauran yeh nirnay liya gayaa thaa kii iraq ell menshi havaai adde parr sthit nae german squadron mein seey ack koo uttar mein junction station key paas ack nae havaai adde parr jaanaa chaahiye. pilots kii tatkaal aavashyakta key kaaran iss kadam mein teen dinon kii deree hui thee, lekin 7 navambar taka, jaba anta mein kadam kaa adesh diyaa gayaa, tou parivahan upalabdh naheen thaa. ottoman aathvin senaa kaa ack karmchari adhikaari tatkaal peechhe hatane kaa adesh dene key liye ack kaar mein 18:00 parr pahuncha. naheen. 304 squadron ney udaan samagri key parivahan key liye railway vaiganon kaa anurodh kiya, lekin kewal upalabdh vaigan makai seey bharey hue they. sainya aayukt ney tark diyaa kii senaa samooh ney praavdhaanon koo prathamikta key roop mein vaapas bhejane kaa adesh diyaa thaa, lekin flying squadron adhikaari ney vaigan naheen saunpe jaane parr railway station parr machine gunn chalaane kii dhamki dee. makai koo khaali curr diyaa gayaa thaa, aur udaan squadron train key prasthaan koo pakadate hue bharee hui thee.
havaai samarthan.
dedh navambar kii raat key dauran eif dwara havaai hamale kiye gaye jaba gaaja parr baarah bumm giraaye gaye. 3 aur 4 navambar koo birsheba key uttar kii pahaadiyon parr havaai hamale kiye gaye. 6 navambar taka yeh bataaya gayaa kii ottoman aspatalon koo vaapas leey jaate hue dekhaa gayaa thaa joe majedale kii or ack samanya peechhe hatane kii shuruat kaa sanket detaa haye, jiss parr vimaan dwara bhee bambari kii gaee thee. kauvuka raksha key peechhe mukhya sthaanon parr, umm amidat key paas, gaaja parr aur sheria key paschim mein aashray sthalon parr bhee bumm giraaye gaye aur teen shatrutapurna vimaanon key khilaf teen havaai yuddh ladey gaye. iss dauran german vimaan shayed hii kabhi dekhe gaye they, lekin usa dopahar dou aar.ee. 8 aur dou bee.e.12.a vimaan nam. photography gashti parr 1 squadron parr chaar albatro vimaanon dwara hamla kiya gayaa aur buri tarah seey kshatigrast hoe gayaa. jabaki ack german vimaan koo vaadi hessy key paas aag kii lapaton mein maar diyaa gayaa thaa.
7 navambar koo ottoman kii vaapsee spasht honey taka, shaahi udaan dall mukhya roop seey 40vein (senaa) wing dwara ranneetik tohi mein shamil thaa, jabaki 5vein (core) wing topkhaane key panjikaran aur saamarik photography curr rhaa thaa. abb adhikansh vimaanon ney sevaanivritt stambhon parr bumm aur machine gunn hamale shuru curr diye. peechha karane key dauran nam. 1 australiyai udaan squadron ney desh aur dushman kii sthiti kii vistrit tasveeren lete hue, photographic kaary kiya aur havaai hamalon mein bhaag liya. ack poore saptah key liye, unhone ottoman stambhon parr machinegan aur bamon key saath-saath ottoman buniyaadi dhaanche parr hamla kiya, jisamen havaai adde, parivahan aur topkhaane shamil they, aur unake kaee lakshyon koo maaraa.
7 navambar koo vaadi hessy key uttar mein ell majedale aur bett duras mein ottoman balon kii sandrata kii soochana dee gaee thee. jabaki 8 navambar koo subah kii tohi ney dushman key harr jagah seey peechhe hatane kii soochana dee, lekin ottoman havaai squadron mein deree hoti dikhaai dee. julis (majedale seey thheek aage), araak ell menshi aur aitt tinn mein havaai addon parr, vimaan jameen parr they aur kaee hanger abhee taka nasht naheen kiye gaye they. nau australiyai vimaanon sahit 30 vimaanon dwara ack bambari hamla subah arak ell menshi mein sabse badey havaai addon parr hamla kartaa haye. iss chhaape key saath dopahar mein ack baar phir seey, kaafee nuksan huaa kyonki 200 bumm giraaye gaye they, jinamen seey 48 hitt they, jinamen seey duss jameen parr vimaan seey takra gaye they. kaee hangers mein aag lagaa dee gaee yaa kshatigrast curr diyaa gayaa, jabaki jameen parr vimaan bhee kshatigrast hoe gaye. arak ell menshi aur julis seey bhaag nikale vimaanon parr 9 navambar koo dou baar bambari kii gaee thee. aur 9 navambar koo cumm seey cumm nau vimaan nasht curr diye gaye. jaba registani ghudsavaar dall arak ell menshi aur aitt tinn pahunche, tou 10 aur 11 navambar koo unhein aathh nasht vimaan aur aerodrome key saath-saath arak ell menshi railway station khandahar mein milaa. anya lakshyon mein railway station aur junction, march parr sanic, aapoorti dump, parivahan sabhi parr lagaatar bambari kii gaee aur machine gunn seey hamla kiya gayaa.
ramleh havaai adde parr aur ack anya shatru vimaan koo nasht curr diyaa gayaa, jabaki yuddh key maidan mein havaai aur jamini bambari key malabe seey dhakaa huaa thaa. dushman vimaan ney ee. aff. vimaan kii naee shreshthata koo chunauti dene key prayaas mein dou aur chaar vimaanon key beach kii sanrachanaon mein udaan bharee, lekin lagbhag harr avsar parr asafal rahey. ee. ee. aff. vimaan ney kuchh samay key liye aasmaan koo niyantrit kiya, halanki lagbhag 24 navambar koo havaai yuddh kaa navinikaran huaa.
9 navambar.
9 navambar koo aage badhane mein saksham ekmatra paidal senaa ikai 52vein (nichale) division kii 156veen (scotish rifles) brigade thee, jisaki kamaan brigadier general archibald herbert legget ney sambhali thee. 8 navambar koo sossage riz key liye bheeshan ladaai key baad, 52vein (nichale ilaakon) division kii 155veen aur 157veen brigade 9 navambar koo phir seey sangathit hoe rahee theen.
misra key adhikansh abhiyaan bull key paidal senaa prabhaag apani sanchaar lines key anta mein they aur ottoman vaapsee kaa paalan karane mein saksham naheen they. xxi core key 54vein (purvi anglion) division koo gaaja mein aur shaahi seva ghudsavaar brigade koo bett hanoon mein aaraam karane key liye majboor kiya gayaa thaa. peechhe, leftinent general phillip chetwode key xxx core ney apane parivahan koo xxi core mein sthanantarit curr diyaa thaa. xxx core kaa 60vaan (2/2 landan) division (mejar general johnn sheeaa) huz mein aaraam curr rhaa thaa aur iska 10vaan (ayrish) (mejar general johnn longly) aur 74vaan (yomainari) (mejar general erich girdwood) division karm mein they. maidan mein 53vaan (velsh) prabhaag (mejar general aiss. aff. mott), core ghudsavaar senaa, imperial oont core brigade aur newzealand ghudsavaar rifles brigade, birsheba key uttar mein judian pahaadiyon kii talhati mein tail ell khuvilfe key paas agrim pankti mein tainaat hain. elenbee ney 8 navambar kii dopahar mein turant khuvilfe seey chauvel taka yomainari ghudsavaar division koo vaapas aaney kaa adesh diyaa, lekin way dou dinn baad, 10 navambar taka registan ghudsavaar core key daahine hisse parr naheen pahunche. imperial oonta core brigade koo bhee 11 navambar koo chauvel kii kamaan mein vaapas curr diyaa gayaa thaa jaba naee zeeland ghudsavaar rifle brigade koo birsheba seey aage badhane kaa adesh diyaa gayaa thaa. way saadhe 18 ghante baad pahunche. iss beach, chauvel koo 9 navambar koo australiyai ghudsavaar division koo paani mein vaapas bhejane key liye majboor kiya gayaa thaa, isaliye kewal anjack ghudsavaar division (nyu zealanders seey cumm) joe jemmameh mein paani diyaa gayaa thaa, peechha jaari rakhane key liye upalabdh thaa. yadi australiyai aur newzealand resiment talwar seey lais hotey tou unhein huz, ell mugar aur aboo shushe mein ghudsavaar senaa key akramanon key alawa nirnaayak aghaat karyon key avsar mill sakate they.
ottoman aathvin senaa key sanic jald seey jald kissy naa kissy crum mein sevaanivritt hoe rahey they, gambhir hamale seey surakshit they, aur apane peechha karane vaalon seey kaafee aage they, jabaki achchi sthiti mein saatvin senaa, binaa kissy hastakshep key sevaanivritt hoe gaee thee, aur jawabi hamla shuru karane kii taiyari curr rahee thee. jabaki eif ney 9 navambar koo naahar sucraer kii or aage badhane key liye adesh jaari kiye, joe kii gaaja key uttar kii tulanaa mein adhik haye, joe raksha kii agali sambhaavit rekha haye.
isdood.
9 navambar taka aathvin senaa peechhe hutt gaee thee jabaki saatvin senaa ney shayed hii koee jameen khou dee thee."dinn key ujaale key turant baad, chetter kaa anjack ghudsavaar division pichhali shaam apane ghodon koo paani pilakar tata kii or samudri maidan mein sawari karane key liye nickle padaa. lagbhag 08:30 taka pahali halki ghode kii brigade ney beurier mein pravesh kiya aur lagbhag ack ghante baad doosari halki ghode kii brigade huluyat mein friedrich freeher crace wonn cresenstein key aathven senaa mukhyalaya key paas aaa rahee thee, jahan ack ottoman regard ney ack majboot sthiti parr kabja curr liya thaa. brigade ney 600 kaidiyon, badee matra mein aapoorti, samagri aur ack parityakt german feeled aspatal koo pakadate hue ack hamla kiya. dopahar key samay ell majedale, gaaja key uttar-poorv mein, pahali halki ghode kii brigade ney kabja curr liya thaa, jaba unhone 170 kaidiyon koo pakad liya aur ack bhaap pump key saath ack achchha kuaan paaya, jisase brigade sabhi ghodon koo jaldi seey paani dey sakee. pracheen shahar ashkellen seey gujarane key baad enzac ghudsavaar division koo registan ghudsavaar core dwara soochit kiya gayaa thaa kii aiks. aiks. aaee. core ell majedale aur julis kii or tata parr badh rhaa thaa. mukhya ottoman sadak aur gaaja seey uttar kii or jaane vaali railway donon koo katkar chauvel ney vibhajan koo bett daara kii or badhane kaa adesh diyaa, jisake liye vibhajan koo uttar-poorv kii or mudane kii aavashyakta thee. baad mein pahali halki ghode kii brigade bhoomadhya sagar key karib isdood mein pravesh kii, jabaki unaki daaeen or, doosari halki ghode kii brigade ney sufir ell sharki aur araak suveiden, ack kafile aur usake anurakshak (lagbhag 350 kaidi) key gaanvon parr kabja curr liya. jaise hii brigade kaidiyon koo surakshit karane key liye punargathan curr rahee thee, ottoman bandookon ney aage uttar mein golibari shuru curr dee, donon apaharankartaon aur kaidiyon parr samaan roop seey golabari kii. andhera honey seey thheek pahale doosari halki ghode kii brigade ney 200 aur kaidiyon koo pakad liya, isase pahale kii anjack ghudsavaar division ney vaadi mezma key dakshin mein, isdud key paas seey arak suvedan taka, ack raat kii yuddh chauki line koo leey liya.
iss beach hodson key australiyai ghudsavaar division ney 9 navambar kaa adhikansh samay paani kii khoj mein bitaaya, joe antatah huz mein paaya gayaa. 8 navambar kii shaam taka, teesari halki ghode kii brigade ney 7 navambar seey paani naheen pilaaya thaa aur 5 veen ghudsavaar brigade ney 6 navambar kii shaam seey paani naheen pilaaya thaa, aur aggar inn donon brigedon koo agale dinn paani naheen diyaa gayaa, tou sambhaagiya yuddh diarry ney bataaya, "parinam sabse gambhir honge."9 navambar koo 07:30 parr inn dou brigedon koo raahat dene key baad, chauthi halki ghode kii brigade ney paani kii talash mein gasht bheji. 12veen halki ghode kii resiment ney naged mein ack chhota kuaan paaya, jabaki ack anya gashti dall ney simsim mein buniyaadi uthaane key upkaranon key saath dou kuein paae, jisase paani bahut dheema hoe gayaa. unhone enzac ghudsavaar vibhajan key saath bhee sparsh paaya. 9 navambar koo dopahar taka division jemmameh mein paani bhar rhaa thaa, jisake puuraa honey kii ummeed naheen thee jaba taka kii 18:00. adhikansh ghodon koo paani diyaa gayaa thaa, way castina-isdud line parr aage badhe aur raaste mein kaidiyon, bandookon aur parivahan koo pakad liya. yeh march navambar kii raat key dauran kiya gayaa thaa, joe ottoman kshetra key madhyam seey sinai aur palestine abhiyaan key dauran kiya gayaa ekmatra raat kaa march thaa.
australiyai ghudsavaar division kii 12veen halki ghode kii resiment (chauthi halki ghode kii brigade) navambar mein jaba engineering store aur paanch jaley hue vimaanon koo pakad liya gayaa tou burih seey all-faluja taka pahunchane key liye uttar kii or badhee. division key baad chauthi light horse brigade feeled ambulance aur brigade parivahan aur raashan leey jaane vaale aapoorti anubhagon seey bunny divisional train aaee. feeled ambulance ney ack dressing station sthaapit kiya aur lagbhag 40 ghayal logon kaa ilaaj kiya, taba way 16:00 parr huz seey gujarane lagey. oobad-khabad pahaadi ghaatiyon aur bahut kharaab ilaakon kaa saamana karane key baad, aadhi raat key aspas unhone ack vaadi bistar mein shivir sthaapit kiya.
bairo kaa yomainari mounted division, tail ell khuvile kshetra mein lada rhaa thaa, jaba taka kii elenbee ney ise tata parr registan ghudsavaar core mein phir seey shamil honey kaa adesh naheen diyaa. iss beach, 10veen (ayrish) aur 74veen (yomainari) divisions mein paidal senaa karm mein rahee, jabaki 60veen (landan) division huz mein rahee.
10 navambar.
vaadi sukerir.
bhoomadhya sagar mein isdud key paas 10 navambar koo ottoman balon kaa saamana huaa. 52vein (nichale ilaakon) division kii pramukh brigade, 156veen (scotish rifles) brigade, kathor ottoman pratirodh kaa saamana karane key bavjood aage badhee aur naahar sukerer key paar seey topkhaane kii bambari key adheen thee. 156veen (scotish rifles) brigade jisar isdud mein naahar sukerer key paar hamama kii or dhakel rahee haye. yahaan unhone ottoman key daahine hisse parr ack pull kaa sheersh safaltapurvak sthaapit kiya. paryaapt paani milaa aur agale dinn pull kaa sheersh badhaaya gayaa. unhone pahali halki ghode kii brigade kaa anusaran kiya jisane 08:30 parr isdud parr "sabhi spasht" bataaya thaa.
halanki 10 navambar kii subah enzac mounted division ney bataaya kii division koo "baahar nikaal diyaa gayaa thaa" aur paani key liye rukna padaa thaa, pahali halki horse brigade koo pichhali dopahar ell medgel mein paani milaa thaa aur isaliye vaha aage badhane mein saksham thee. haalaanki, doosari halki horse brigade 10 navambar koo "nyu beat duras" aur custin key paas majboot ottoman reorgard key kaaran aage badhane mein asamarth thee. raat mein hamama jaane seey pahale, ghodon koo paani dene key liye, way dinn bhar paani kii khoj mein aur brigade koo paani dene mein bitaate they.
sammil.
4 veen halki ghode kii brigade koo 10 navambar koo 10:40 parr adesh diyaa gayaa thaa kii way menshiye-all falza line parr 3 light horse brigade kaa virodh karane vaale ottoman bull koo dhamki dein. 08:00 aur 10:30 key beach, teesari halki ghode kii brigade ney arak ell menshi station parr kabja curr liya thaa, jabaki chauthi halki ghode kii brigade ney uttar-paschim mein all-faluja mein pravesh kiya thaa.
australiyai ghudsavaar division kuchh ghanton baad yomnari ghudsavaar division dwara shamil hoe gayaa thaa joe subah jaldi huz seey ravaana hoe gayaa thaa. way australiyai ghudsavaar division key daaeen or aae aur rekha koo thodaa aur poorv mein vistaarit karate hue arak ell menshi parr kabja curr liya. 10 navambar kii dopahar taka poore registan ghudsavaar dall, naee zeeland ghudsavaar raifalon kii brigade koo chhodkar, (abhee bhee tail ell khuvelfe mein) araak ell menshi key ack chhote seey poorv bindu seey samudra taka kataar mein they. australiyai aur yomnari donon ghudsavaar divisions ney castina seey lagbhag balin aur barcussia key madhyam seey, yahudi pahaadiyon mein bett jibrin key pados taka chalane vaali ottoman rekha key purvi aadhe hisse koo phir seey sthaapit kiya.
chauvel ney yomainari ghudsavaar division koo paschim kii or samudra tata kii or badhane kaa adesh diyaa taaki anjack ghudsavaar division kaa samarthan kiya jaa sakey, jisase australiyai ghudsavaar division koo daahine kinare parr chhod diyaa gayaa. naa tou vaha aur naa hii hodson australiyai ghudsavaar division kii kamaan sambhal rahey they, usa samay unhein pataa thaa kii division koo teen yaa chaar ottoman aathvin senaa paidal senaa divisions dwara khatra thaa. 16vein aur 26vein division (XX core) aur 53vein division (XXIi core) mein railway line aur beit jibrin key beach ack line thee, joe kamobesh punargathit thee aur sabhi hadataali doori key bheetar thee. ottoman khaaiyon koo arak ell mentiae key uttar mein shikhar seey zieta taka, uttar-poorv mein aur railway line key poorv mein khoda gayaa thaa.
10 aur 11 navambar koo all-faluja mein apane mukhyalaya key saath, australiyai ghudsavaar division jiddi ladaai mein (10 navambar key dauran) lagaa huaa thaa, jaba australiyai ghudsavaar division kii teen brigade iss ottoman reergward key baaen hisse mein shikhar key gaanv key paas bhaag gaee. 12:55 parr, ottoman balon koo shikhar seey aage badhate hue dekhaa gayaa, aur una parr hamla karane key liye chauthi halki ghode kii brigade koo tainaat kiya gayaa, jisamen teesara halka ghodaa aur 5 veen ghudsavaar brigade samarthan mein thee. aaee. dee. 1. dwara teesari halki ghode kii brigade kaa mukhyalaya railway line parr all-faluja key dakshin-poorv mein sthaapit kiya gayaa thaa, lekin aaee. dee. 2. parr andhera honey key kaaran hamla vikasit naheen kiya gayaa thaa aur aaee. dee. 3. parr raat kii yuddh chauki kii laainen sthaapit kii gaeen. chauthi halki ghode kii brigade ney beaten mein enzac ghudsavaar division seey jodane vaali ack line aayojit kii, jabaki ottoman rrguard ney teen ghudsavaar sainikon, teen bandookon aur lagbhag 1,500 paidal senaa key saath barcussia key paas ack riz koo pakad rakhaa thaa.
11 navambar.
australiyai ghudsavaar division kii ghudsavaar paidal senaa aur ghudsavaar senaa kii brigade 10 navambar koo aage badhane mein asamarth theen, kyonki poore dinn ottoman topkhaane mein bheeshan aag luggy rahee. haalaanki, 11 navambar koo jaba yeh sthaan sunsan paaya gayaa tou teesari halki ghode kii brigade key gashti dall dwara 06:00 parr shikhar parr nirvirodh kabja curr liya gayaa thaa. haalaanki ottoman ikaaiyon ney shahar key uttar poorv mein ack oonchi katak pakad rakhee thee aur ottoman feeled bandookon ney lagbhag door seey golabari shuru curr dee. dopahar mein brigade ney sakriya gasht kii aur binaa lagey khud koo yathasambhav vishisht banaa liya, jabaki division uttar kii or badhaa.
elenbee key bull koo 52vein (nichale) division aur kendra mein 75vein division seey paidal senaa key saath tainaat kiya gayaa thaa, australiyai ghudsavaar division apane daahine paarshv parr anjack key saath aur yomainari paidal senaa key baaen paarshv parr ghudsavaar divisions key saath. unhone 52vein (nichale) vibhajan koo ottoman daahine kinare parr naahar sukerer key paar apani sthiti badhaane kaa adesh diyaa. aur, dou atirikt brigedon key saath prabalit, unhone australiyai ghudsavaar division koo tail aiss safee kii or badhane kaa adesh diyaa, jahan unhein ack dridh aur paryaapt ottoman jawabi hamale kaa saamana karna padaa. newzealand ghudsavaar rifles brigade koo 11 navambar koo anjack ghudsavaar division mein phir seey shamil honey kaa adesh diyaa gayaa thaa. way birsheba koo 16:30 parr chhod curr 12 navambar koo 23:00 parr hamama pahunche.
ottoman line.
ottoman commanders dwara apani 20,000-majboot senaa koo ikattha karane aur dakshini philistine key aakraman koo rokane key liye chuni gaee lambi rakshaatmak rekha koo bhee jaffa seey jerusalam railway aur junction station kii raksha key liye design kiya gayaa thaa. ottoman senaa kii lagbhag harr ikai seey kaidiyon koo pakad liya gayaa thaa, joe darshaata haye kii aathvin ottoman senaa key mukhya bhaag mein peechhe hatane vaale sainikon koo vaapas bhej diyaa gayaa thaa. haalaanki, unake ottoman pratirodh key saath-saath unaki rekha kaafee majboot hoe gaee.
yildirim senaa samooh key commander erich wonn falkenhein ney 11 navambar kii shaam taka apani senaa koo tainaat karate hue junction station key saamane khade honey kaa faisala kiya thaa aur unhone british daahine hisse key khilaf jawabi hamale kaa adesh diyaa thaa jise australiyai ghudsavaar division dwara cover kiya gayaa thaa. unaki yojana unhein abhibhoot karane, unaki aapoorti lines koo kaatane, baahari hisse mein laane aur sabhi agrim ikaaiyon koo pakadane kii thee. mool roop seey 11 navambar key liye adesh diyaa gayaa thaa, ise agale dinn taka key liye sthagit curr diyaa gayaa thaa.
12 navambar.
paidal senaa kaa hamla.
junction station parr hamale kii taiyari key hisse key roop mein, agale dinn key liye yojana banaai gaee, 52vein (nichale ilaakon) division ney tata key paas ack praarambhik hamla kiya. unhein burkha aur yajur key gaanvon key beach naahar sukherer key uttar mein hamla karna thaa, jisamen yomnari ghudsavaar division paarshv rakshak key roop mein kaary curr rhaa thaa. unakaa uddeshya ack mahatvapurna ottoman regard sthiti thee joe burka key gaanv seey bhoore rung kii pahaadi taka jaati thee. jabaki gaanv koo aasaani seey leey liya gayaa thaa, khadee bhoore rung kii pahaadi ack behad kathin hamla saabit hui. pahaadi parr ack badaa stoop thaa aur naahar sukherer key paar dakshin kii or maidani kshetra mein aag key ack lambe maidan kii kamaan sambhali. jaba taka 156veen brigade kii ack batalian, 264veen brigade royal feeled artillery kii dou baitariyon dwara cover kii gaee aur 75veen division kii dakshin african feeled artillery brigade ney crest parr kabja curr liya, taba taka batalian koo ack adhikaari aur lagbhag 100 purushon taka cumm curr diyaa gayaa thaa. haalaanki, apani jeet key kewal 20 minut baad, scots batalian key avashesh ack ottoman jawabi hamale kaa saamana karane mein asamarth they aur nikat quarter mein ack bheeshan sangharsh key baad unhein bhagaa diyaa gayaa thaa.
2/3 gurkha rifles koo shaam koo hamale koo phir seey shuru karane kaa adesh diyaa gayaa thaa. kharaab roshni key kaaran, topkhaane abb adhik sahaayata dene mein saksham naheen they, lekin gurkhaaon ney jaldi seey ack bennet charge key saath pahaadi parr phir seey kabja curr liya, jisamen 50 hataahat hue, aur iss prakriya mein dou luis bandooken baramad huin. yahaan kii ladaai koo 8 navambar koo sossage riz parr 157veen (highland light infantory) brigade key hamale key barabar teevrata key roop mein varnit kiya gayaa haye. naahar sukherer key uttar mein inn abhiyaanon kii safalata ney agale dinn ottoman senaaon kii agrim pankti kii sthiti parr mukhya hamalon key liye bhoomadhyasagariya tata parr raasta khol diyaa.
ottoman jawabi hamla.
jaba paidal senaa kaa hamla jaari thaa, australiyai ghudsavaar division ney ottoman balon key baaen hisse koo yathasambhav dridhata seey dabaane key liye tail aiss safee kii disha mein aage badhaa. lagbhag 4,000 australiyai aur british ghudsavaar sanic, teesare aur chauthe halke ghode aur paanchven ghudsavaar brigade, aakraamakta key ack vishisht pradarshan mein uttar kii or badhe. ottoman bull pahale dikhaai diyaa, poori tarah seey sevaanivritt hoe gayaa, aur 9 veen halki ghode kii resiment (3 light horse brigade) barkusya key madhyam seey sawari karane mein saksham thee, jisamen ack dall tail aiss safee parr kabja karane key liye dabaav daal rhaa thaa. 5veen ghudsavaar brigade ney bhee balin koo khaali paaya, aur teji seey uttar kii or tail aiss safee aur kustineh kii or badh gaee. australiyai ghudsavaar division cumm seey cumm uttar aur poorv kii or faila huaa thaa, jaba ottoman saatvin senaa (lagbhag 5,000 sanic) key chaar divisions ney apana jawabi hamla shuru kiya. duss minut baad british sammaanit topkhaane kii company horse artillery battery ney golibari shuru curr dee, lekin ummeed key binaa goli chala gaee, sankhya mein adhik thee, aur adhik shakti aur vajan kii ottoman bandookon dwara baahar kii gaee.
ottoman paidal senaa division railway line kii ottoman niyantrit shakha line seey castina key poorv mein ell tineh seey dakshin kii or badh rahey they. yahaan aur railway key saath aage uttar mein, trains badee sankhya mein ottoman sainikon key saath aaa rahee theen, jinhen hamale key liye teen alag-alag stambhon (sabhi hathiyaron) mein tainaat kiya gayaa thaa. unhein uttar aur uttar-poorv seey tail aiss safee kii or badhate hue dekhaa gayaa. isake kuchh hii samay baad, 11veen halki ghode kii resiment (4veen halki ghode kii brigade) koo castina seey sevaanivritt honey key liye majboor honah padaa, kyonki ottoman ikaaiyon ney taakat mein jagah parr kabja curr liya thaa.
aathvin ottoman senaa key XX core (16 veen, 26 veen, 53 veen aur 54 veen division) kaa drishtikon pahale balin mein 5 veen ghudsavaar brigade key liye agyaat thaa. lekin lagbhag 13:00 parr una parr dou stambhon mein lagbhag 5,000 ottoman sainikon dwara hamla kiya gayaa, ack junction station seey tail ell safee taka patari seey neeche aaa rhaa thaa, aur doosara train seey aaya aur ell tineh station seey dakshin kii or cooch kiya. 5veen ghudsavaar brigade koo balin seey baahar dhakel diyaa gayaa thaa, isase pahale kii unhein teesari halki ghode kii brigade dwara prabalit kiya jaa sakey, joe shikhar seey sawari karati thee, usake baad australiyai ghudsavaar division kii dou baitariyan. ack halki ghode kii resiment joe barkusi parr kabja karane mein kamyab rahee, kaee baitariyon seey bhaari topkhaane kii aag seey samarthit ack bahut hii majboot ottoman bull dwara sevaanivritt honey key liye majboor thee. australiyai ghudsavaar division key sabhi upalabdh sanic abb lagey hue they, lekin ottoman hamale koo dridhata seey dabaaya jaanaa jaari rhaa. chauthi halki ghode kii brigade teesare halke ghode yaa 5vein ghudsavaar brigade kaa samarthan karane mein asamarth thee, kyonki una parr 5vein ghudsavaar brigade key baain or bhaari hamla kiya jaa rhaa thaa, jabaki way dayer suned railway line kii or paschim kii or line pakad rahey they. ottoman ikaaiyaan chauthi halki ghode kii brigade kii sthiti key bheetar aage badhane mein kamyab raheen, lekin antatah dinn key anta mein machine-gunn aur rifle fayer seey roque diye gaye.
hodson (australiyai ghudsavaar division key commander) ney teesare halke ghode aur paanchven ghudsavaar brigade dwara line biir shikhar-khurbet zeladiah parr oonchi jameen parr dheere-dheere vaapsee kaa adesh diyaa thaa. adesh kewal tabhi diyaa gayaa thaa jaba ack aur ottoman train koo dakshin kii or badhate hue dekhaa gayaa thaa. yeh balin key paschim mein rook gayaa aur 5veen ghudsavaar brigade key baaen hisse parr hamla karane key liye ottoman sainikon kii ack naee senaa koo teji seey tainaat kiya gayaa. lagaatar ladate hue aur kushalata seey peechhe hatate hue, teesara halka ghodaa aur 5 veen ghudsavaar brigade shikhar gaanv key kinare parr pahunch gaee, jahan antatah ottoman hamla huaa. australiyai ghudsavaar division kii dou baitariyan sumeel key uttar-paschim mein uchch bhoomi parr sakriya hoe gaee theen, bandukdhariyon key poore drishya mein khule maidan key oopar seey aage badhate hue taaja ottoman bull parr golibari. prabhaavi eef topkhaane kii aag ney iss hamlawar ottoman agrim koo roque diyaa, jisase unhein thodi see khaai khodna padaa. hamla 18:00 parr andhere mein samaapt huaa. australiyai ghudsavaar vibhajan kii sthirata parr chauvel kii nirbharta "poori tarah seey uchit thee."yildirim senaa samooh key commander koo apani saatvin senaa key hamale koo rokane aur phir usase 16 veen division, aur ack resiment koo chheenane key liye majboor kiya gayaa thaa. jabaki unake purvi kshetra mein, teesare ghudsavaar division (saatvin senaa kii III core) aur 19 veen division (aathvin senaa) ney bett jibrin key saamane ack pankti aayojit kii. yeh bull poore dinn intezar kartaa rhaa, ack paarshv hamla shuru karane key liye taiyar thaa, lekin avsar kabhi naheen aaya.
13 navambar.
mugad parvat shrinkhala.
vaadi all-sarar aur all-nabi rubin key saath-saath jaffa seey jerusalam railway kii raksha key liye 20,000-majboot ottoman bull tainaat kiya gayaa thaa. unhone pramukh uchch katak koo dhaaran kiya, joe uttar mein zarnuka kii or faila huaa thaa aur ell kubebeh yuddh key maidan parr haavi thaa, jisamen mukhya roop seey nangi aur khuli kheti kii bhoomi shamil thee. yeh praakritik roop seey majboot katak ottoman senaa kii lambi rakshaatmak sthiti kii reedh thee, jiska uttar mein aathvin senaa key teesare division (xxii core) dwara bachaav kiya gayaa thaa, poorv mein 7 veen division (aathvin senaa reserve), ell mesmiye key paas 54 veen division (xx core), 53 veen division key saath 26 veen division (xx core) koo tail aiss safee seey jodati haye. katak parr, katra aur all-maghar key gaanvon koo dou majboot rakshaatmak sthiti banane key liye majboot kiya gayaa thaa, jinamen seey pratyek graameen ilaakon key prabhaavshaali drishyon key saath thaa. inn gaanvon koo vaadi jaamu dwara alag kiya gayaa thaa, joe vaadi all-saarar koo naahar rubin seey jodata haye.
13 navambar key liye elenbee kii yojana tata parr ottoman rekha key daahine hisse koo ghumaane kii thee, vimaan aur ghudsavaar senaa key punarmilan key bavjood, badey ottoman bull kaa khulasa karate hue, antardeshiya roop seey australiyai ghudsavaar vibhajan kaa saamana karate hue unake daahine hisse mein. vaastav mein vibhajan koo tateey kshetra seey door ottoman dhyaan kendrit karane key liye, apani gatividhiyon kaa jitna sambhav hoe utanaa badaa pradarshan karane kaa adesh diyaa gayaa thaa. yahaan elenby ney ottoman daahine kendra parr paidal senaa key hamalon kii sahaayata seey ottoman daahine hisse koo modane kaa prayaas karane key liye uttar kii or badhane key liye enzac aur yomnari ghudsavaar divisions kii yojana banaai.
kendra mein, xxi core '52 vein (nichale kshetra) aur 75 vein divisions koo daaeen or gaaja sadak aur baain or ell mugal key gaanv key beach junction station kii or aage badhana thaa. inn paidal senaa key hamalon koo bahut majboot ottoman raksha dwara rokaa gayaa thaa. mesmiye mein ottoman senaa koo gaanv mein aur usake paas oonchi jameen parr dridhata seey tainaat kiya gayaa thaa, aur achchi tarah seey sthit machine-bandooken sabhi drishtikonon koo bahaa detee theen. haalaanki, 75vein division mein paidal senaa ney lagaatar dheemi pragati kii, antatah ottoman rear gaard key mukhya bhaag koo uttar-poorv mein ack chhoti see katak parr vaapas girane key liye majboor kiya. shaam kii or paidal senaa key hamale key antim charan koo 11veen halki ghode kii resiment (chauthi halki ghode kii brigade) key dou sainikon dwara samarthit kiya gayaa thaa, joe paidal senaa key daahine hisse parr teji seey kaarravaai mein aae aur unhone bahumulya agni samarthan diyaa. machine-gunn kii aag seey dhake paidal senaa key ack agrim hamale ney ottoman rakshakon koo riz seey baahar curr diyaa, jisase mesami ish sherki koo jald hii kabja curr liya gayaa. baad mein way junction station seey kuchh door andhere mein rook gaye.
unake daahine kinare parr australiyai ghudsavaar division key teesare aur chauthe halke ghode aur 5vein ghudsavaar brigade, dusare halke ghode brigade (anjack ghudsavaar division), 7vein ghudsavaar brigade (yomainari ghudsavaar division) aur 12veen halki bakhtarband motor battery kii dou kaaron dwara prabalit, junction station kii or uttar kii or badhane vaali line mein hamla kiya gayaa. 75vein division key daahine hisse koo cover karane vaali chauthi halki horse brigade, 12:00 parr qazazaa mein pravesh kiya, jaba unaki baain or 7veen ghudsavaar brigade, kewal junction station seey thee. 16:00 dwara chauthi halki ghode kii brigade koo ell tineh kii or aage badhane kaa adesh diyaa gayaa thaa kyonki unaki baain or paidal senaa aage badh rahee thee. agali subah yeh vyast thaa.
aiks. aaee. core key baaen hisse mein, registan mein ghudsavaar core key shesh bhaag mein; enzac aur yomainari ghudsavaar divisions ney paidal senaa key hamale koo cover kiya, jisamen yibna unake pahale uddeshya key roop mein aur akir unake dusare uddeshya key roop mein they. jaise hii junction station parr kabja kiya gayaa, way uttar kii or jhoolate hue ramla aur laude parr kabja karane aur jaffa kii or mudane vaale they. yibna parr kabja karane key baad, 8veen ghudsavaar brigade (yomnari ghudsavaar division) ney uttar kii or, ell kubebeh aur zarnukaah kii or apani pragati jaari rakhee. haalaanki, 22veen ghudsavaar brigade koo akir kaa bachaav karane vaali ottoman ikaaiyon dwara pakad liya gayaa thaa, jabaki 6veen ghudsavaar brigade (shaahi oont brigade key saath unake uttari hisse koo cover karane key saath) koo ell mugal parr hamla karane kaa nirdesh diyaa gayaa thaa.
52vein (nichale ilaakon) division koo lagbhag 11:30 parr bhaari chharre aur machine-gunn kii aag ney roque diyaa thaa, jisase unhein apane uddeshya seey lagbhag vaadi jaimas key aashray parr majboor honah padaa thaa. vaadi chhodane key harr prayaas koo achchi tarah seey rakhee ottoman machine-bandookon seey bahut bhaari aag seey roque diyaa gayaa thaa. lagbhag 14:30 parr yeh sahamati bunny kii Goc 52 vein (nichale kshetra) division aur Goc yomainari ghudsavaar division key beach yeh sahamati bunny kii 6 vein ghudsavaar brigade koo katra aur ell mugal parr ack nae paidal senaa hamale key saath ell mugal riz parr hamla karna chaahiye. aadhe ghante baad dou ghudsavaar resiment, shaahi buckinghamshire yomainari aur raani kii apani dorset yomainari (6 veen ghudsavaar brigade), pahale seey hii vaadi jaimas mein tainaat, squadron key stambh mein aage badhkar chaar charanon taka fail gaee, pahale trotting parr phir teji seey oopar aur riz key shikhar parr. ghode poori tarah seey thuck gaye they aur door kii or bhaagne vaali ottoman ikaaiyon kaa peechha jaari naheen rakh sakey. haalaanki, ottoman rakshakon ney all mugar gaanv koo taba taka pakadana jaari rakhaa jaba taka kii 52vein (nichale) division kii dou bataliyanon key saath, berkshire yomainari resiment (6 veen ghudsavaar brigade) key dou squadron ladate hue gir gaye, aur hamale koo phir seey shuru naheen kiya. gaanv mein ladaai taba taka jaari rahee jaba taka kii qatar aur all mugar key donon mahatvapurna kileband gaanvon parr kabja naheen curr liya gayaa.
14 navambar.
14 navambar kii subah key dauran kaee bakhtarband kaaron dwara samarthit 75vein division kii ikaaiyon ney junction station parr kabja curr liya, ottoman jaaf seey jerusalam railway koo kaat diyaa. jabaki 52vein (nichale ilaakon) aur 75vein divisions ney dinn key dauran apane rankon koo kendrit aur punargathit kiya, chauthi halki horse brigade ney subah jaldi ell tineh mein pravesh kiya, baaki australiyai ghudsavaar division key kuchh ghanton baad. yahaan bahut saare paani vaale achche kuein paae gaye they, lekin binaa bhaap pump key, paani dene kaa kaam taba taka puuraa naheen huaa thaa jaba taka kii 16:00. iss beach, unaki divisional supply train 11 navambar koo birsheba seey harera aur gaaja hotey hue 14 navambar koo isdud taka pahunchane key liye, phir agale dinn messimi aur 16 navambar koo junction station taka pahunchane key liye, yatra karati thee.
ayun kaaraa.
aage kii or yomnari ghudsavaar division dwara liya gayaa thaa joe junction station key uttar mein railway koo paar kartaa thaa, aur anjack ghudsavaar division joe tata key paas peechhe hatane vaali ottoman senaa koo uttar kii or dabaata thaa. enzac ghudsavaar division koo ramleh aur lude parr kabja karane kaa adesh diyaa gayaa thaa, aur jaaf koo jerusalam seey jodane vaali ekmatra sadak koo kaat diyaa gayaa thaa. subah key dauran meldrum kii naee zeeland ghudsavaar raifalon kii brigade ney vaadi aiss surar/naahar rubin koo rait key teelon key paas paar kiya, jisaki daaeen or pahali halki ghode kii brigade thee, aur 09:00 ney ell kubebeh parr kabja curr liya thaa. way vaadi hunain kii or badhe jahan narangi upavanon mein aur ell kubebeh aur rait key teelon key beach kii pahaadiyon parr ottoman regards kaa saamana kiya gayaa. dopahar key karib pahali halki ghode kii brigade ney yibna kii or ack katak seey ack ottoman reorgard koo chalaaya aur rehovot key gaanv parr kabja curr liya jise deiran key naam seey bhee jaanaa jaataa haye. usee samay naee zeeland ghudsavaar raifalon kii brigade (brigadier general villium meldrum kii kamaan mein) ayun kaaraa key paas ack dridh aur achchi tarah seey sthaapit ottoman reorgward mein chully gaee, jiss parr unhone hamla kiya. ottoman 3 padaatik division key khilaf bheeshan karibi ladaai dopahar key dauran jaari rahee. halanki gambhir roop seey khatare mein, newzealand ghudsavaar rifle brigade antatah prabal hoe gaee aur unhone dou dinn baad binaa kissy virodh key jaffa parr kabja curr liya. aadhikarik newzealand itihaaskaar ney 1922 mein nishkarsh nikala kii ayun kaaraa mein sagaai ney nae newzealand ghudsavaar raifalon kii resiments kii teji seey hamla karane aur ghode parr lagaatar sthiti koo majboot karane kii kshamata kaa pradarshan kiya. iss teevra sangharsh key dauran, ghudsavaar rifle kii shakti, ack majboot paidal senaa kii sthiti key khilaf, vyaapak roop seey saabit hui.
15 navambar 1917.
aboo shusheh, lude aur ramleh.
14 navambar kii madhyaraatri mein wonn falkenhein ney ack samanya vaapsee aur ottoman saatvin senaa kaa adesh diyaa, joe vaapas yahudi pahaadiyon mein jerusalam kii or peechhe hutt gaee, jabaki aathvin senaa koo jaaf key uttar mein naahar ell aujaa key paar jaffa key uttar mein peechhe hatane kaa adesh diyaa gayaa. inn ottoman senaaon koo bhaari nuksan uthaana padaa thaa, aur purani gaaja-birsheba rekha key uttar mein ottoman kshetra key beach haar gaye they. inn donon ottoman senaaon ney 10,000 yuddh bandee aur 100 bandooken peechhe chhod dee.
ayun kaaraa mein kaarravaai key agale dinn, 75vaan division aur australiyai ghudsavaar division latron kii or badhaa, jahan jaffa seey jerusalam kii sadak yahudi pahaadiyon mein pravesh karati haye, jabaki anjack ghudsavaar division ney junction station key uttar mein ramleh aur ludd parr kabja curr liya. aboo shusheh key oopar ack ottoman reorgard ney ramleh kii or aage badhane key daahine hisse mein azlon key ghaat koo avaruddh curr diyaa. 6 veen ghudsavaar brigade dwara ghudsavaar senaa parr hamla karane key baad, yomnari ghudsavaar division jerusalam sadak parr pahunch gayaa, jisane ack ottoman regard sthiti koo abhibhoot curr diyaa. iss avesh koo mugal parvat shrinkhala kii tulanaa mein aur bhee adhik kathin bataaya gayaa haye, kyonki jameen kii chattani prakriti key kaaran jiss parr ghudsavaar savaar they.
16 navambar.
eif key uttar kii or badhane key saath peechha jaari rhaa, navambar key madhya mein jaafaa koo enzac ghudsavaar division dwara kabja curr liya gayaa thaa, aur 9 disambar koo jerusalam koo xxx core dwara kabja curr liya gayaa thaa. judian pahaadiyon mein nae morche key sthir honey seey pahale akele registani ghudsavaar dall ney 9,000 seey adhik kaidiyon aur 80 bandookon koo pakad liya. satrah dinon key operation key parinamswarup, binaa aaraam key, birsheba seey beach mein ack agrim parinam thaa; una dinon mein seey 13 koo badey aur chhote vyastataaen hoti theen. 29 octuber 1917 seey adhikansh ghudsavaar ikaaiyon ney cumm seey cumm 5,270 kaidiyon aur 60 seey adhik bandookon aur lagbhag 50 machine-bandookon koo pakad liya thaa. jaba seey gaaja aur birsheba seey aage badhane seey bahut bhaari hatahaton kii shuruat hui aur misra key abhiyaan bull dwara 10,000 seey adhik ottoman yuddh kaidiyon aur 100 bandookon koo pakad liya gayaa thaa.
eif ack "vaastavik roop seey shaahi sabhi hathiyaron vaale bull" mein vikasit huaa thaa aur aakraman "sanyojan mein sabhi hathiyaron key uchit upayog kaa lagbhag aadarsh udaaharan thaa."
jaaf aur latron.
16 navambar koo latron parr kabja curr liya gayaa aur newzealand ghudsavaar rifle brigade (anjack ghudsavaar division) ney binaa kissy virodh key jaaf parr kabja curr liya. way taba taka shahar kaa prashaasan karate rahey jaba taka kii adhikrit dushman kshetra key nideshak key pratinidhi kaam sambhaalane key liye naheen pahunch gaye.
judian hills 19-24 navambar.
parikshetron kii ack rakshaatmak rekha sthaapit naheen karane key bavjood, elenbee ney jawabi hamale key khatare aur apani aapoorti sthiti kii sameeksha kii. unhone nirnay liya kii ack badee senaa joe yahudi pahaadiyon parr hamla karane key liye paryaapt haye, aur samudri maidan parr kaam karane key liye ack aur alag bull, aadhar seey ack vistaarit doori parr banaae rakhaa jaa sakata haye.
18 navambar koo, jaba elenbee ell castin mein aiks. aiks. aaee. core mukhyalaya mein they, taba ottoman saatvin senaa kaa judian pahaadiyon mein bariki seey paalan karane kaa nirnay liya gayaa thaa. yeh nirnay, yahudi pahaadiyon mein favezi paasha kii saatvin senaa parr jaldi seey hamla karane kaa thaa, iss ottoman senaa parr dabaav banaae rakhane key liye, jerusalam parr kabja karane kii ummeed key saath, unhein apane punargathan koo puuraa karane, gahari khaai khodane yaa sabse kharaab, jawabi hamale key liye samay dene seey incar karna thaa.
dou paidal senaa prabhaag; 52vaan (nichale kshetra) (mejar general jey. pahaadi) aur 75vaan prabhaag, (pramukh samanya pee. see. palin), aur dou ghudsavaar prabhaag; yomnari aur australiyai ghudsavaar prabhaag, yahudi pahaadiyon mein aage badhana shuru karane vaale they. ottoman senaaon kaa saamana pahaadiyon mein sadak parr huaa, joe kii wonn falkenhein key netritva mein they, unhone XX core koo sthaapit karane kaa adesh diyaa thaa, kyonki yeh jerusalam kii raksha key liye vaapas chalaa gayaa thaa. kamaandaar shailiyon parr sthaapit, yeye reorgard pahaadiyon parr khode gaye chhote samoohon seey baney they, jinamen seey pratyek parr bhaaratiya aur gorkha sainikon dwara ack key baad ack hamla kiya gayaa thaa, jinhone ottoman rakshakon koo pachhaad diyaa thaa. "[aeye] una senaaon ney joe jerusalam koo lene kii koshish curr rahee hain, kewal joshua koo chhodkar iss tarah seey gujar gaye hain. philistini aur hittait, babylonian aur assyrian, misra aur roman aur greek, cross key spasht shurveer, sabhi iss tarah seey gujar gaye hain, aur sabhi ney apane khoon seey aamva kii pahaadi koo paani diyaa haye."
nebi samvil.
19 navambar koo agrim roop seey aage badhane key baad, 75 veen division apane uttari paarshv parr yomnari mounted division key saath, nebi samvil kii or aage badhee. yeh kileband aur judian pahaadiyon mein samudra tala seey oopar pramukh pahaadi, paigambar saimuel key makbare kaa paaramparik sthal thaa, jise antatah 21 aur 24 disambar key beach vishesh roop seey bheeshan ladaai key baad 234 veen brigade, 75 veen division dwara dair shaam koo kabja curr liya gayaa thaa. iss yuddh key dauran unhein 52vein (nichale) division dwara samarthan diyaa gayaa thaa, jisane adhik kathin rekha leey lii thee, jaba 75vein division koo dakshin paschimi drishtikon kii or nirdeshit kiya gayaa thaa. bulfin dwara kamaan kiye gaye aiks. aiks. aaee. core key yeye dou prabhaag behad safal rahey they, lekin 7 navambar seey lagbhag nirantar ladaai mein shamil they. paintarebaazi key iss pahale abhiyaan mein unaki bhoomika ney unhein charanon mein aage badhaaya aur phir jerusalam key aspas kii pahaadiyon mein ladkhadaayaa... [jahan way they] [dee] jerusalam kii raksha karane vaali turkey senaaon dwara jabt curr liya gayaa aur vaapas leey liya gayaa. yahaan favezi kii saatvin senaa ney unase ladate hue ack thaharaav taka pahunch gaye.
bhoomadhyasagariya tata 24-25 navambar.
naahar all aujaa.
24 navambar koo, 54vein (purvi anglion) division aur anjack ghudsavaar division kii paidal senaa ney bhoomadhyasagariya tata parr, naahar ell aujaa key paar jaffa key uttar mein apana hamla shuru kiya. uttari tata kii raksha ottoman 3 aur 7vein division (aathvin senaa) dwara kii gaee thee.
newzealand ghudsavaar raifalon kii brigade dwara dou pulon kii sthaapana kii gaee thee. pahala khurbet hadrah key paas mukhya sadak parr pull key paar thaa, jabaki doosara nadee key muhaane key paas tata sheikh muanis parr sthaapit kiya gayaa thaa. unakaa uddeshya ottoman aathvin senaa koo saatvin senaa koo majboot karane aur kshetra hassil karane key liye yahudi pahaadiyon mein sainikon koo sthanantarit karane seey hatotsaahit karna thaa. newzealand ghudsavaar brigade, aur 54vein (poorv anglion) division kii dou paidal senaa bataliyanon ney uttari tata parr inn dou pulon koo taba taka pakadana jaari rakhaa, jaba taka kii 25 navambar koo bhaari balon dwara una parr hamla naheen kiya gayaa. ottoman aathvin senaa key teesare aur saatven divisions ney pull key sir koo peechhe dhakel diyaa aur naahar ell aujaa aur saamarik sthiti parr apani pakad bahaal curr dee.
xxi core aur registan ghudsavaar core kii raahat 24 navambar seey 2 disambar taka.
24 navambar koo bhee, elenbee ney xxx core dwara xxi core aur registan ghudsavaar core kii raahat kaa adesh diyaa. xxi core kii iss raahat koo iss roop mein varnit kiya gayaa haye, "sainikon kaa unakaa anaavashyak sthanantaran [joe] ack samay lene vaali prakriya thee jisane jerusalam key patan mein deree kii... [british pragati kii durpoke prakriti key kaaran]."
bearsheba seey aage badhane key dauran aapoorti kii samasyaon key kaaran, elenbee ney phillip doubleu chhod diyaa thaa. peechhe kii or chetwode kii xxx core sanchaar kii lines key karib hoti haye jahan unhein aasaani seey aapoorti aur refit kiya jaa sakata haye. 10 dinon key aaraam key baad, inn nae sainikon koo ottoman saatvin senaa key khilaf aakraman karane key liye yahudi pahaadiyon mein saamane aaney kaa adesh diyaa gayaa thaa. 23 navambar koo, mejar general johnn shee kii kamaan mein 60vaan (landan) division, huz seey latron pahuncha aur 28 navambar koo ladaai kii kshamata mein bahut kamee key binaa, gambhir roop seey samaapt 52vein (nichale ilaakon) aur 75vein divisions koo raahat dee. usee dinn, 74vaan (yomnari) division, mejar general ee dwara kamaan sambhala gayaa. aiss. girdwood, karm seey latron pahunche, aur dou dinn baad 10vein (ayrish) division, mejar general jey. aar. longly bhee karm seey latron pahuncha. iss tarah kii badee sanrachanaon key andolan ney ladaai mein ack viram koo apariharya banaa diyaa, aur isaliye hamla bund curr diyaa gayaa, lekin wonn falkenhein aur unaki ottoman senaa ney shatruta kii asthaayi samaapti kaa dhyaan rakhaa.
ottoman 27 navambar seey 1 disambar taka jawabi hamla kartaa haye.
wonn falkenhein aur ottoman senaa ney jeern-sheern british samrajya vibhajan kii kamjor aur ksheen sthiti seey laabh uthaane kii maang kii joe maheene kii shuruat seey lada rahey they aur aage badh rahey they. 27 navambar kii shuruat mein saptah key dauran ottoman senaa ney eef sudridhikaran aur vaapsee dwara banaae gaye asthirta kii avadhi key dauran british rekhaaon koo todane kii ummeed mein shock ranneeti kaa upayog karate hue paidal senaa key hamalon kii ack shrinkhala shuru kii. ottoman 16vein aur 19vein divisions dwara nebi sumwell aur zitun pathaar parr yahudi pahaadiyon mein jawabi hamale kiye gaye they. samudri maidan parr british balon aur yahudi pahaadiyon mein una logon key beach ack antaral key madhyam seey aur samudri maidan parr faili kaee british ikaaiyon key khilaf bhee british sanchaar lines key khilaf hamale kiye gaye they.
samudri maidan parr ottoman balon ney vilhelma (ack german coloney) key kshetra mein 162 veen brigade (54 veen division) parr hamla karane key liye taakat mein aage badh gaye. yahaan vilhelma station dhaaran karane vaali ee. ee. aff. ikaaiyon key khilaf ack majboot hamla kiya gayaa thaa. hamlaavaron ney vaadi rent mein ack majboot golibari line bhee sthaapit kii. 17:00 dwara inn samanvit hamalon ney british paidal senaa line key bheetar pragati kii thee, jahan unhein rakhaa gayaa thaa, jabaki ottoman bull key donon kinaaron parr hamla kiya gayaa thaa aur ander dhakel diyaa gayaa thaa, jisase hamlaavaron koo vaapas renti mein majboor honah padaa thaa. baain or 54veen (purvi anglion) division kii chauthi batalian (shaahi oont brigade) kii ack company parr khachchar key dakshin mein ganje pahaad parr hamla kiya gayaa aur pahaadi seey peechhe dhakel diyaa gayaa, jise baad mein eef topkhaane dwara nishana banaaya gayaa. 27 navambar koo bhee, betunia riz key paschimi chhor parr zitun mein yomnari mounted division kii unnat chauki parr ack badey ottoman bull dwara hamla kiya gayaa thaa. way 28 navambar taka hamlaavaron koo rokane mein kamyab rahey, jaba division koo sheikh aboo aiz zitun aur bett urr all foka key saath-saath zitun seey vaapas lene key liye majboor kiya gayaa.
28 navambar koo, australiyai ghudsavaar division (5 veen ghudsavaar yomainari brigade seey cumm) joe 19 seey 27 navambar taka majedale mein aaraam curr rhaa thaa, usey yahudi pahaadiyon mein lautane kaa adesh diyaa gayaa thaa. 4tha light horse brigade key march koo berfilya kii or seedhe bett urr all taahata kii or modd diyaa gayaa thaa. jaba way bett urr all taahata key dakshin mein pahunche, tou brigade ney 8veen yaa 6veen ghudsavaar brigade key sampark seey baahar ack khatarnak, alag-thalag sthiti koo cover kiya. raat honey taka, line, 60vein (landan) division dwara aayojit kii gaee thee, 8vein ghudsavaar, 22vein ghudsavaar, 7vein ghudsavaar, 156vein brigade, 155vein brigade, 4 veen halki horse brigade abhee bhee 8vein aur 6vein ghudsavaar brigade key sampark seey baahar thee. raat mein girane key baad jaba ottoman hamlaavaron ney ack "bahut hii bheeshan bambari hamla" shuru kiya tou iss rekha koo "kadee mehnat" seey dabaaya gayaa thaa.
inn abhiyaanon koo 28 navambar koo british aur australiyai senaa key ack sanyukt bull dwara samarthit kiya gayaa thaa. 1 aur 111 squadron, jinhone havaai bambari key saath tull keram havaai adde parr hamla kiya. yeh hamla agali subah aur shaam koo dohraya gayaa jaba german vimaanon ney julis havaai adde parr bambari kii aur number ack parr hamla kiya. 113 squadron kaa vyavasthit kamra.
29 navambar koo ottoman jawabi hamale jaari rahane key kaaran, 5veen ghudsavaar yomnari brigade koo apane division mein phir seey shamil honey kaa adesh diyaa gayaa, jabaki 10veen halki horse resiment (3jee halki horse brigade) 60veen (landan) division key adesh key tahat bunny rahee. teesari halki ghode kii brigade ney ell burj key paschim mein berfilya kii or cooch kiya. yomnari ghudsavaar division koo 74vein (yomnari) division dwara raahat dee gaee thee; paidal senaa kii dou brigedon koo ghudsavaar senaa kii chaar brigedon key liye pratisthaapit kiya gayaa thaa jisake parinamswarup rifles kii sankhya mein chhah gunaa vriddhi hui thee. australia key ghudsavaar division seey atirikt sudridhikaran key saath, yeye baad key sabhi ottoman jawabi hamalon koo rokane key liye paryaapt sanic saabit hue.
1 disambar koo lagbhag 01:00 parr ottoman 19 veen division kii ack batalian ney hathgole seey lais hocker 157 veen brigade key khilaf bett urr all tahata mein aur ell burj key uttar poorv mein teesari halki horse brigade key khilaf hamalon kii ack shrinkhala shuru kii. bett urr all taahata mein dou prayason key baad, way 5veen batalian kii ack gambhir roop seey kamjor paidal senaa company, highland light infantory, 52veen (loland) division, gaanv key saamane riz seey door chalaane mein safal rahey, lekin 04:30 dwara unhone sthiti parr phir seey kabja curr liya thaa. ell burj key uttar poorv mein 8veen halki ghode kii resiment ney chhadi grenade seey lais dushman balon dwara chaar alag-alag hamalon kaa saamana kiya. 5veen ghudsavaar yomainari brigade key shaahi gloucestershire husar key ack squadron koo, joe teesari halki horse brigade seey judaa huaa thaa, line mein antaral koo bharane key liye bheja gayaa thaa, aur hangkang battery kaarravaai mein aaa gaee. unhein chauthi batalian, shaahi scots fucilliers dwara beat siraa seey bamvarshakon key ack chhote samooh key saath majboot kiya gayaa thaa, joe ottoman sainikon dwara ack nayaa hamla shuru karane key saath hii pahunche they. british bambari dall ney ottoman bamvarshakon parr hamla kiya aur ack bheeshan muthbhed key baad unhein vaapas jaane key liye majboor curr diyaa. ottomans ney hamla karna jaari rakhaa aur chauthe scots fucilliers kii ack aur company saamane aaee. teesari halki ghode kii brigade kii sthir aag key saath, fucillier seey bamon kii bauchhar ney ottoman sainikon koo vaapas girane aur ander khudai karane key liye majboor curr diyaa. bhor mein unhone aatmasamarpan curr diyaa. 1 disambar koo nebi samvil mein shuru kiye gaye ottoman jawabi hamalon koo palat diyaa gayaa, jisamen ottoman saatvin senaa koo bhaari nuksan huaa. ottoman senaa apane jawabi hamalon key parinamswarup koee bhee maidan jeetane mein whiffle rahee thee, aur aage badhate british sanic safaltapurvak jeern-sheern xxi core koo badal rahey they, joe jerusalam key karib achchi tarah seey sthaapit padon parr they, nae xx core key saath.
jerusalam 2-9 disambar.
2 disambar taka xxx core dwara xxi core kii raahat poori hoe gaee thee. aur donon pakshon ney apani lines koo samaayojit karna aur sudharna shuru curr diyaa, jisase asurakshit yaa sthaanon kii raksha karna mushkil hoe gayaa. taaja eif sainikon ney apani pankti kii taakat koo badhaaya, jisase ack shaktishali ekagrata paida hui. chaar dinon mein 10vein (ayrish) aur 74vein (yomainari) divisions ney apane padon kaa vistaar kiya, jabaki 60vein (landan) division dwara aayojit vistaarit sthiti mein kamee aaee. haalaanki yeh daavaa kiya jaataa haye kii 3 disambar koo ottoman senaa ney apane jawabi hamalon koo chhod diyaa thaa aur 74vein (yomnari) division kii ikaaiyon dwara bett urr all foka parr phir seey kabja karane key parinamswarup, judian pahaadiyon mein ladaai bund hoe gaee thee, raat key samay hamale key dauran, sthiti koo pakadana asambhav thaa. dinn key ujaale mein unhone paaya kii unhein oonchi jameen parr ottoman padon dwara andekha curr diyaa gayaa thaa. bambari aur haath seey haath kii ladaai poori subah jaari rahee, aur yomnari paidal senaa batalian koo peechhe hatane key liye majboor honah padaa, jisamen 300 loga hataahat hue.
mott kii algaav.
53vaan (velsh) division (xxx core), core ghudsavaar resiment aur ack bhaari battery key saath, birsheba key uttar mein hebron road parr banaa rhaa, usake baad usa sthaan parr 31 octuber koo kabja curr liya gayaa aur samudri maidan mein aage badhane key dauran. abb way samanya mukhyalaya (jee. aich. kyu.) seey seedhe adesh key tahat aae aur mott kii tukadi key roop mein jaane jaane lagey. tukadi koo birsheba seey laker jerusalam sadak taka uttar kii or badhane kaa adesh diyaa gayaa thaa aur 4 disambar taka hebron key dakshin mein pahunch gayaa thaa. yahaan ack halki bakhtarband motor battery (bhed kaa bachcha) seey dou australiyai halki bakhtarband kaaren uttar seey aaee. unhone hebron mein kissy ottoman ikai kii soochana naheen dee, isaliye tukadi ney usa raat dilbe ghaati kii or apana aage badhana jaari rakhaa.
chetwode commanding xxx core ney mott koo jald seey jald aage badhane aur 8 disambar kii subah taka jerusalam key dakshin mein ack sthiti mein aaney kaa adesh diyaa. 5 disambar kii raat key dauran mott key unnat gaard ney hebron key uttar mein asthaayi roop seey kadam rakhaa, aur 7 disambar taka aakhirkaar ack ottoman reorgward koo apane uddeshya seey bethelham kaa bachaav karate hue paaya gayaa. kharaab mausam ney aage badhane koo roque diyaa. isaliye mott kii tukadi jerusalam seey jericho taka kii sadak koo kaatane mein saksham naheen thee, aur 60vein (landan) division key daahine hisse koo cover karane key liye samay parr sthiti mein naheen thee, halanki mott 7 disambar kii shaam taka bethelham key dakshin mein soloman key pool parr kabja karane mein kamyab rhaa.
8 disambar koo dopahar key karib, chetwode ney tukadi koo sthanantarit karane kaa adesh diyaa. mott ney antatah 16:00 parr beat jaalaa mein apane mukhya uddeshya parr hamla kiya. shaam taka unhone ottoman rakshakon seey poori tarah seey spasht raasta khojane key liye apani pragati jaari naheen rakhee. mahatvapurna samay mein, mott kii tukadi 60vein (landan) division key dakshini hisse koo cover karane mein asamarth thee, jisase landan key logon koo dinn key ujaale key dauran rukane key liye majboor honah padaa, kyonki aag koo failaane seey unaki agrim pragati behad mahangi hoe gaee hogi.
aatmasamarpan karein.
8 disambar koo lagbhag nirantar barish key dauran, yerushalam ottoman samrajya dwara sanrakshit honah bund curr diyaa gayaa. usee samay chetwode ney shahar key paschim kii unchaaiyon koo leey jaane key liye antim agrim shuru kiya. ottoman kii saatvin senaa shaam key dauran peechhe hutt gaee aur agale dinn shahar ney aatmasamarpan curr diyaa. jerusalam lagbhag eif dwara gher liya gayaa thaa, halanki ottoman senaa kii ikaaiyon ney 9 disambar koo zaitoon key pahaad koo kuchh samay key liye aayojit kiya thaa. una parr 60vein (landan) division kii ikaaiyon dwara hamla kiya gayaa, jinhone agali dopahar sthiti parr kabja curr liya.
hataahat.
31 octuber seey laker yerushalam parr kabja karane taka ottoman senaaon koo 25,000 hatahaton kaa saamana karna padaa.
octuber aur navambar 1917 key dauran 739 australiyai logon key saath kull 14,393 yuddh hatahaton koo eif seey misra leey jaaya gayaa. inn australiyai ghayalon kaa mukhya roop seey 1,040 bistaron mein ilaaj kiya gayaa. carro key abbasia bairak mein 14 australiyai samanya aspatal. yahaan 754 shalya chikitsa mamle, sabse bhaari yuddh hatahaton mein seey sinai aur palestine abhiyaan key pravesh, navambar key dauran bharti kiye gaye they. inhen dir ell belah aur imara mein british casualty clearing stations seey ambulance trains dwara nikala gayaa thaa. isi avadhi key dauran isamen 720 chikitsa mamle praapt hue, joe agale maheenon key dauran teji seey badhe.
isake baad.
disambar mein arsoof 20-21 kaa kabja.
elenbee ney bhoomadhya sagar seey mrit samudra taka chalane vaali ack rakshaatmak rekha sthaapit karane kii yojana banaai. donon taraf surakshit honey parr, line koo uchit suraksha key saath rakhaa jaa sakata thaa. iss rekha koo sthaapit karane key liye, ottoman aathvin senaa key teesare aur saatven paidal senaa prabhagon koo bhoomadhyasagariya tata parr jaaf key uttar mein naahar ell aujaa seey vaapas dhakelana aavashyak thaa. 24 seey 25 navambar key beach pahale prayaas key baad, usee kshetra mein iss dusare prayaas koo aadhikarik taur parr jerusalam abhiyaanon key dauran ack sahayak yuddh key roop mein naamit kiya gayaa thaa. ack itihaaskaar ney socha kii inn abhiyaanon kaa "aakar yaa mahatva mein shayed hii koee yogyata hoe 'jaaf kii ladaai' naam."abb, xxi core key teen paidal senaa prabhagon ney 7 disambar koo tateey maidan parr apani ikaaiyon koo sthanantarit karna shuru curr diyaa. 75vaan prabhaag kendra mein 54vaan (purvi anglion) prabhaag aur tata parr 52vaan (nichale) prabhaag key saath daaeen or thaa. unhone naee zeeland ghudsavaar raifalon kii brigade koo raahat dee, joe naahar ell aujaa koo pakadane key pahale prayaas mein bhaari roop seey shamil thee, joe ayun kaaraa kii ladaai mein apani jeet key turant baad ladee.
iss abhiyaan key antim hamale key saath jerusalam key aatmasamarpan key ack pakhwade baad sainya abhiyaan phir seey shuru hoe gayaa. haalaanki, taiyari naahar ell aujaa key dakshini tata parr nichale aur daldali bhoomi kii soden sthiti seey jatil thee, jahan hamla kiya jaayega, aur nadee 19 aur 20 disambar koo hui barish seey sooj gaee thee. khachchar seey laker samudra taka nadee chaudi aur gahari thee, sivaay isake kii muhaane parr forred koo sheikh muanis key roop mein jaanaa jaataa haye. nadee key uttar mein dou pramukh spurse retile pahaadon kii ack shrinkhala seey nadee taka neeche chaley gaye. inn logon ney poorv mein khurbet hadrah mein kshatigrast patthar key pull aur paschim mein jerisheh key paas sheikh muanis key gaanv koo nazarandaj curr diyaa, jahan ack mill baandh ney dhaara koo baandh diyaa thaa. ottoman aathvin senaa ney sabhi sambhaavit crossing sthaanon koo cover karate hue majboot commanding padon parr kabja curr liya, jinka upayog navambar mein hamlaavaron dwara kiya gayaa thaa. way naahar ell aujaa key muhaane parr ford key saamane ack post key alawa donon spurse rakhate they. unhone khurbet hadra key poorv mein faili ack rekha bhee rakhee joe nadee key dakshin tata koo paar karke ganji pahaadi aur khaccharon koo shamil karati thee.
52vein (nichale ilaakon) division kii teenon paidal senaa brigade disambar kii raat koo aujaa nadee koo paar karane mein kamyab raheen, jisase poori tarah seey ashcharya huaa kii rakshakon ney binaa goli chalaae aatmasamarpan curr diyaa. baad mein asthaayi pulon kaa nirmaan kiya gayaa taaki paidal senaa kii topkhaane nadee koo paar curr sakein. 23 disambar koo 52vein (nichale ilaakon) aur 54vein (purvi anglion) divisions ney tata koo aur oopar leey jaaya, jabaki agrim kii baain or jaffa key uttar mein arsuf taka pahunch gaee, joe pramukh ottoman rakshaatmak sthitiyon parr kabja curr rahee thee. unhein yuddhpoton parr bandookon dwara samarthan diyaa gayaa thaa. isake turant baad, 52vein (nichale) division koo france mein bhejane kaa adesh diyaa gayaa.
jerusalam kii raksha 26-30 disambar.
british dwara aadhikarik taur parr teen ladaaiyon mein seey ack key roop mein maanyata praapt haye, joe "jerusalam abhiyaan" banaati haye, yeh ottoman hamla 26 aur 30 disambar 1917 key beach huaa. 10vaan (ayrish), 60vaan (landan), aur 74vaan (yomnari) division 53vein (velsh) division (XX core) mein paidal senaa key samarthan seey saatven ottoman senaa key 24vein, 26vein aur 53vein division (III core) mein ladey.
ottoman nikasi key baad, jerusalam ottoman topkhaane kii seema key bheetar rhaa, aur virodhi pakshon key itane karib honey key bavjood, jawabi hamale kaa khatra abhee bhee thaa. ottoman senaa koo shahar seey aage uttar kii or dhakelane key liye 24 disambar 1917 koo ack aakraman kii yojana banaai gaee thee, lekin kharaab mausam key kaaran isamen deree hui. isaliye eif yuddh key liye taiyar thaa jaba ottoman senaa ney 27 disambar koo 01:30 parr apana jawabi hamla kiya. yeh 60vein (landan) division kii ikaaiyon parr gir gayaa joe nabalas road koo pakadati thee. ottoman hamale kaa praarambhik uddeshya, gaanvon kii ack pankti thee, jisamen unaki praarambhik sthitiyon key saamane nebi sumwell bhee shamil thaa. unakaa dhyaan tail ell phul kii or thaa, joe kii jerusalam key uttar mein nabalas sadak key poorv mein ack pahaadi thee, jise 60vein (landan) division dwara sanrakshit kiya gayaa thaa. tail ell phul parr iss ottoman hamale ney shuru mein british chaukiyon koo vaapas bhagaa diyaa aur kaee mahatvapurna sthaanon parr kabja curr liya. haalaanki, sagaai dou dinon taka jaari rahee aur antatah asafal rahee. ack samanya ee. aff. paidal senaa ney ack morche parr apani agrim pankti koo uttar kii or daaeen or aur baain or sthanantarit kiya. unhone 30 disambar taka nabalas sadak key saath-saath poori rekha koo ramalla aur bireh seey aage dhakel diyaa. antim uddeshya praapt kiye gaye aur poore morche parr rekha surakshit hoe gaee. farwari 1918 key madhya mein iss rekha koo poorv kii or jorden ghaati mein jericho taka badhaaya gayaa thaa, jaba ise antatah mrit samudra parr surakshit curr liya gayaa thaa.
aakramak kaa yog.
eif ack "vaastavik roop seey shaahi sabhi hathiyaron vaale bull" mein vikasit huaa thaa aur aakraman "sanyojan mein sabhi hathiyaron key uchit upayog kaa lagbhag aadarsh udaaharan thaa."dakshini philistine key bhaari kshetriya laabh kaa paimana, cambry mein paschimi morche parr british aakraman key vipareet thaa. 20 seey 30 navambar taka flanders mein ladaa gayaa, yeh bhaari nuksan aur koee kshetriya laabh key saath samaapt huaa. francisi senaa abhee bhee ack gambhir vidroh seey uber rahee thee, jabaki italvi caporato kii ladaai mein parajit hoe gaye they, aur bolshevik kranti key baad roose yuddh seey baahar hoe gayaa thaa. tulanaa mein elenbee kii pragati ney kaafee kshetriya laabh arjit kiye, baghdad aur mesopotamia mein basra mein tail kshetron koo surakshit karane mein madad kii, arab vidroh koo protsaahit kiya, aur ottoman senaa koo aparivartaniya nuksan pahunchaaya. octuber seey disambar 1917 taka eif key abhiyaan kii inn mahatvapurna jeeton key parinamswarup ack kendriya shakti kii pahali sainya haar hui, jisake kaaran dushman key kshetra kaa kaafee nuksan huaa. vishesh roop seey 31 octuber seey 7 navambar taka ottoman gaaja-sheria-birsheba rekha key khilaf ladaai key parinamswarup dridhata seey khadee, anubhavi aur taba taka, safal ottoman senaaon kii pahali haar hui, jinhen topkhaane, machine gunn aur vimaanon dwara samarthit kiya gayaa thaa.

