
mairi open

mairi open (28 navambar, 1908-14 maee, 1990), ack americi karyakarta, kalakar, photographer, kavi aur lekhak theen. unhone ack aatmakatha, "arth ack jeevan" (1978), aur kavitaon aur parivartanon kii ack pustak (1980) prakaashit kii.
praarambhik jeevan.
open kaa janm kalispel, montana mein orah aur ellis (conclin) colby key ghar huaa thaa. unake pitaa ack postmaster they aur unaki maan ack gayika theen. unakaa paalan-poshan prashant uttar-paschim mein huaa thaa. 1926 mein vaha oregan raajya vishvavidyalaya mein ack kavita kaksha mein george open seey mileen. haalaanki unhein raat bhar ack saath rahane key liye kramshah nilambit (george) aur nishkaasit (mairi) curr diyaa gayaa thaa, lekin unhone ack gambhir pratibaddhata banaai, joe antatah ack aajivan bandhan bunn gayaa. unhone ack saath badey paimaane parr yatra kii, aur isase dosti aur samparkon kaa crum shuru huaa, jisase george aur mairi open kii kavita aur rajneeti badhee.
pachas saal baad, apani aatmakatha "arth ack jeevan" (1978) mein, mairi open ney inn samay key baare mein kahaah 
kavita, sakriyata aur dwiteeya vishva yuddh.
apane praarambhik peripatatic varshon key baad, 1920 key dashak key anta mein vipaksh ney newyork shahar mein nivaas kiya. vahaan way kalakaron aur lekhakon key ack mandal mein shamil hoe gaye, jinamen kavi charles resnicoff aur lui zukofsky they. 1930 key dashak key dauran vipaksh vampanthi raajneetik andolanon mein shamil hoe gaye. way 1935 mein communist party america mein shamil hoe gaye, jaba communist dalon kii saatvin vishva congress mein buddhijiviyon koo faasivaad aur yuddh key khilaf ack sanyukt morche mein shamil honey kaa ahwan kiya gayaa.
dwiteeya vishva yuddh key baad, jisamen george open ubhaar kii ladaai mein gambhir roop seey ghayal hoe gaye they, vipaksh koo yuu dwara sataaya gayaa thaa.aiss. avasaad key dauran unaki vampanthi gatividhiyon key liye sarkaar. mitron aur sahyogiyon key khilaf gawahi dene key bajaay, vipaksh ney 1950 mein mexico bhaagne kaa faisala kiya, aur 1950 key dashak key anta taka unhone yuu key ack ghere mein apana raasta khoj liya thaa.aiss. mexico shahar mein rahane vaale pravaasi.
sanyukt raajya america koo lautein.
1958 mein sanyukt raajya america kii ack sankshipt yatra key baad, unaki betty linda seey milane key liye unake vishvavidyalaya mein, 1960 key dashak kii shuruat mein vipaksh newyork laut aae. brooklin mein, george, jinhone mexico mein apane samay key anta mein phir seey likhana shuru curr diyaa thaa, ney apane saathi vastunishthatavadiyon key saath puraane sambandhon koo phir seey shuru kiya aur kaee yuva kaviyon seey dosti bhee kii. ack baar miyami seey newyork taka ack ubhayachar kaar chalaate hue, vipaksh ney idhar-udhar ghoomana jaari rakhaa. 1960 key dashak key baad key hisse mein, vipaksh ney saine francisco khaadi kshetra mein nivaas kiya, jahan george oppen kaa parivaar kaafee hudd taka rahata thaa. kuchh samay key liye, way hiran dweep, maine mein garmiyon mein rahate they, jahan unhone theodor enslin, rechel blau duplesses, michael heller aur johnn taggart jaise purvi tata key lekhakon kaa manoranjan kiya.
baad key varshon mein.
1970 mein mairi open ney kavitaaen likhana phir seey shuru kiya aur chitrakaari aur kolaj mein kaam karna jaari rakhaa. 1975 taka vaha apane sansmaranon kii rachana key beach mein theen, antatah maee 1978 mein black sparro press dwara "ack jeevanah ack aatmakatha" key roop mein prakaashit kii gaee. iss kaam mein, mairi open spasht karati hain kii unhone aur george ney apane yatra aur kalaatmak jeevan key jokhimon, romanch aur pratibaddhataon koo poori tarah seey saajha kiya.
isamen sitambar 1975 mein israel kii unaki dukhad, jeevan badalane vaali yatra shamil thee. unhein jerusalam key mahapour dwara miscanote shananim mein apane mehmann banane key liye aamantrit kiya gayaa thaa, joe puraane shahar kii divaaron kaa saamana karane vaale videshon key pratishthit kalakaron, lekhakon aur sangeetkaron key liye ack nivaas thaa. iss yatra seey lautane key baad, mairi ney apane pati key swaasthya mein girawat aur unake kalaatmak adhikaar mein kamee dekhi. 1977 mein, unhone sachiviya sahaayata pradaan kii taaki george apani kavita key antim khand, "adim" koo puuraa curr sakein. rechel blau duplesses key anusaar, yeh "sahaayata" unake abhyaas kii asamanya thee aur george key patan seey sambandhit thee. iss samay key dauran, george kii antim bimari bhram, whiffle smriti aur anya nuksan key saath prakat honey luggy. 1980 mein, montemora foundation ney unaki pustak "kavitaaen aur parivartan" prakaashit kii. george open kii 76 varsh kii ayu mein 7 julaai, 1984 koo alzheimer roga seey pahale pneumonia seey mrityu hoe gaee. 3 disambar, 1987 koo unaki vidhwa ney saine francisco kalaa aayog gallery mein apani aatmakatha padhee. 
mairi open kii mrityu 14 maee, 1990 koo berkley, california key alta bates-herrick aspatal mein dimbagranthi key cancer seey hui, 81 varsh kii ayu mein. vaha albany, california mein reh rahee thee. unake parivaar mein ack betty linda maurelatos thee.
kalakar, kavi, lekhak, photographer.
unaki kaee kritiyon koo pradarshit kiya gayaa haye. open ack mehnati photographer bhee theen aur unakaa jeevan lekhakon aur kalakaron key beach saajha kiye gaye jeevan kaa ack record haye joe abb kewal maanyata praapt curr rhaa haye. yeye tasveeren usa duniya kii jhalakiyan detee hain jisamen george aur mairi open rahate they-ack jise aadhikarik taur parr swaad key madhyasthon yaa yuddh key baad key america mein shikshaavidon dwara darj naheen kiya gayaa thaa. mairi open dwara mudrit chitra, chitra aur kolaj koo 1963 mein congress key pustakalaya mein mudrit kii 19veen rashtriya pradarshani mein shamil kiya gayaa thaa.

