
samajshastriya kalaa

samajshastriya kalaa ack kalaatmak andolan aur saundaryashastra key prati drishtikon haye joe 1970 key dashak kii shuruat mein france mein ubhara aur 1974 mein fred forrest aur jeane-paul thenot dwara gathit samajshastriya kalaa samooh kaa aadhar bunn gayaa.
1968 seey 1974 taka.
1968 kii shuruat mein, kalaa aalochak piyare restney aur francois pluechart samajik roop seey sanlagn kalaa aur kalakaron key ack vividh samooh key beach cumm vaanijyik prathaon kaa ullekh karate hain, jisamen shareer kalakar jeena paine aur michel journal, spanish mein janme video kalakar johnn rabascal, harve fisher, fred forrest aur jeane-paul thenot shamil hain. 1973 key anta mein, francois pluechart ney patrika, paine, fisher aur thenot key beach ack bahas shuru kii, jise kalaa patrika artitudes mein "samajshastriya kalaa parr duss prashn" ("dicks prashn sur ell art samajshastra") key roop mein prakaashit kiya gayaa thaa, jisaki sthaapana unhone 1971 mein kii thee.
samajshastriya kalaa key itihas kaa pataa fisher, vann aur phir key swatantra prathaon key madhyam seey bhee lagaaya jaa sakata haye joe baad mein samajshastriya kalaa saamoohik kaa gathan karenge. inn prathaon koo swayam samajik judaav aur samajik vigyaanon kii disha mein vyaapak antarrashtriya kalaatmak pravrittiyon key saath samvaad mein rakhaa jaanaa chaahiye, udaaharan key liye, stephen willots aur huns hackey key kaam mein, samaaj mein kalaa, samaaj mein kalaa (samkaaleen kalaa sansthaan, landan, 1974), aur samajik kalaa itihas aur kalaa key samajshastra key bauddhik itihas jaisi pradarshaniyon mein.
1960 key dashak key madhya mein, vann (janm 1933, algeria) ney paaramparik kalaatmak media aur gatividhi koo chunauti dene key liye drishya-shravya aur sanchaar praudyogikiyon kaa upayog karke karyon kii ack shrinkhala shuru kii. kaee karyon kii chhaviyaan webnetmuseum mein upalabdh hain, unhone apane chitron parr slides koo prakshepit kiya ("tablue ikran", 1963), garib pados mein samudayik karyakramon kii shuruat kii ("parivarik chitra", 1967), aur samajik sthaanon ("murr dee 'arles" aur "kebin telephonic", 1967) koo sanlagn karane key liye video kaa upayog kiya. 1970 key dashak kii shuruat mein, samajik judaav aur raajneetik ukasaave key sadhanon key roop mein press aur video kaa unakaa upayog badhaa. janwari 1972 mein, vann ney samachar patra "leey monde" mein ack khaali aayat rakhkar aur pathakon koo ise bharane aur usey mell karane key liye aamantrit karke apani "antariksh media" pariyojana shuru kii. maee 1972 mein peris key gallery german mein "vartamaan kaa puraatatva" ("puraatatva doo present") naamak ack pradarshani key liye, jangal ney usa sadak koo leey liya jahan gallery sthit thee, ack vishay key roop mein, ack video circuit banaate hue gallery mein sadak koo pradarshit kiya aur gallery mein khidki mein gallery aur gallery koo gallery mein dikhaane key liye sadak seey kachra ikattha kiya. piyare restney ney 13 maee, 1973 koo prasaarit "forum days arts" key ack episode key liye raahgiron key saath chhote sakshatkar kiye, juuna 1973 mein, daarshanik willem flusser aur samajshastri phillip bootod key sahyog seey, vann ney france key dakshin mein ack video exchange ("video trossime aij", 1973) shuru karane key liye sevaanivritt logon key ack samudaay mein ack video studio sthaapit kiya. octuber 1973 mein xii bienal de são polo key avsar parr, unhone kaee ghatnaaon koo prabhaavit kiya, jisamen antariksh media kaa ack sanskaran, ack samajshastriya sair, aur shahar key kendra key madhyam seey ack julus jisamen pratibhagiyon ney safed takhtiyan ("blanks ivaanahit laa wille") pakade hue they, joe sabhi sthaapit sainya tanashahi key saamane ukasaave they. hamesha satta mein rahane vaalon key liye atyadhik aalochanatmak, sahabhaagi kalaa key liye pratibaddh, aur naee sanchaar praudyogikiyon key saath gaharaai seey judey, vann octuber 1974 mein saamoohik mein shamil honey key baad inn karyon koo jaari rakhenge.
harve fisher (janm 1941, france) samajshastra key chhaatr they aur 1970 key dashak kii shuruat mein sorbone mein sanchaar aur sanskriti key samajshastra koo padhaate they. shuru mein fisher key saath judey hue logon ney chitrakala key madhyam koo vighatit karane key saadhan key roop mein kapade key roll parr hastamudran key saath "assue-mains" chitron kii ack shrinkhala kii. unhone paaramparik prathaon aur media kii kalaa koo samaapt karane key liye "hygiene dee ll 'art" sheershak key tahat vibhinn abhiyaan bhee shuru kiye, aur yahaan taka kii kalakaron koo apani kritiyon koo bhejane key liye aamantrit kiya, jinhen unhone faad diyaa aur chhote plastic baigon ("laa dechiror days oyoovars dee art") mein pradarshit kiya. 1974 key aspas, unaki pariyojanaaen chitrakala key madhyam seey adhik seemant aur lokpriya drishya muhaware, jaise kii tikat aur sadak sanketon kii or aur samajik kshetra mein pradarshan kii or sthanantarit hoe gaeen.
jeane-paul thenot (janm 1943, france) koo ack manochikitsak key roop mein prashikshit kiya gayaa thaa, ack aisaa pesha jise unhone kalaa kaa utpaadan karate hue jaari rakhaa. 1969 key aspas, unhone apani "sadak mein hastakshep" key saath kalakritiyon kaa nirmaan shuru kiya, jisamen saarvajanik sthaan parr sthaapit rosemarra kii vastuon kii chhoti moortiyon kii ack shrinkhala shamil thee, jaise kii moostrap. 1970 key aspas, way vastuon key utpaadan seey door badey paimaane parr paathya aur vaichaarik karyon mein chaley gaye, jaise kii unake "constats dee 'accistance", samkaaleen kalakaron parr tippani key prishth type kiye gaye jinhen kalaa kii duniya mein vibhinn hastiyon koo daak dwara bheja gayaa thaa. 1972 mein, unhone kalaa aur dhaarana key baare mein samvaadaatmak sarvekshan karna shuru kiya. kukhyaat, raajya-praayojit "expo 72" ("doose ains dee ll 'art contemporen aine fraans") key jawab mein, unhone uttardaataon koo sabse pratinidhi francisi kalakaron kaa chayan karane key liye aamantrit karate hue ack badaa sarvekshan kiya aur phir usa vyakti koo ghoshit kiya jisaki prastut soochi ausat key sabse karib thee, antim soochi ack saarvajanik pradarshani udghaatan key maanad curator kii hoe sakati haye.
teenon kalakar 1970 key dashak kii shuruat mein udghaatan aur karyakramon mein mille aur adhik vaichaarik aur cumm kaushal-adharit kalaa kii or kalaatmak abhyaas mein ack vaishvik pravritti kaa hissa they joe jaanboojhkar vyaavsaayik virodhi thee. france mein, maee aur juuna 1968 kii ghatnaaon ney aparivartaniya roop seey badal diyaa thaa kii kitane kalakaron ney apane kaam kii kalpana kii thee. jabaki pratyek kalakar visheshagyata key kshetron koo laaya-nae media mein vann kii ruchi, fisher kii saiddhaantik aadhar, aur phir key poochtaachh-adharit shodh-janata koo sanlagn karane, paaramparik aur vyaavsaayik roop seey sanchaalit kalaa kaa virodh karane aur samajik parivartan koo prabhaavit karane key liye pratibaddhata ney teenon kalakaron koo ekjut kiya.
1974 seey 1980 taka.
1974 kii garmiyon mein, patrakaar ney peris mein apane apartment mein aalochanatmak aur samajik vaastaviktaon seey judey ack kalakar andolan kii shuruat parr charcha karane key liye baithakon kii ack shrinkhala kaa ayojan kiya. baithakon mein jinaa paine, bertrand lavier, thiyari agulo, johnn rubscall, josleen harve, sonso, harve fisher, jeane-paul thenot key saath-saath kalaa aalochak francois pluechart aur bernard tessedre jaise kalakar ack saath aae. inn baithakon seey hii samajshastriya kalaa samooh banaane kaa aaveg ubharata haye, aur 10 octuber, 1974 koo, samajshastriya kalaa samooh koo aadhikarik taur parr apane pahale ghoshanapatra key samachar patra "leey monde" mein prakaashan key saath ghoshit kiya gayaa thaa, jiss parr harve fisher, fred forrest aur jeane-paul thenot dwara hastakshar kiye gaye they. iss tarikh seey, yeye kalakar iss vansh kaa daavaa karane vaali prathaon aur apani vyaktigat prathaon key beach vaikalpik roop seey kaam karenge. thhos roop seey, saamoohik ney teen ghoshanapatron sahit kaee granth prakaashit kiye; chaar samooh pradarshaniyon aur badey paimaane parr shahari hastakshepon sahit pariyojanaon kii ack shrinkhala kaa ayojan aur prabhaav daala; aur paaristhitiki samajshastra poochtaachh kii sthaapana kii.
unaki gatividhi 1990 key dashak key madhya mein sambandhparak kalaa yaa samajik roop seey sanlagn kalaa key itihas mein ack praarambhik kshan koo turant darshaati haye, lekin 1970 key dashak kii kaee kalaatmak pravrittiyon, jaise kii vaichaarik kalaa, pradarshan kalaa aur sansthaagat aalochana seey bhee judee hui haye. udaaharan key liye, julaai 1976 mein dakshini francisi shahar parpignan mein saamoohik dou saptah key hastakshep, jiska sheershak "adhyayan aur parpignan kaa animation" thaa, ack tees-vyakti, antahvishay dall dwara parpignan mein pados kii sthitiyon aur jarooraton key adhyayan key saath shuru huaa aur phir darjanon pratyaksh hastakshepon kaa netritva kiya, jisamen popp-upp pradarshaniyan, screening, sakshatkar, partiyan aur ack bahu-padosi photo adla-badali shamil thee, sabhi kaa uddeshya press vigyapti nott key roop mein, "vibhinn pados koo ack saath laana [. . .]joe bhaugolik roop seey nikat honey key bavjood samajik sanchaar key star parr door haye.chaar siddhanton-aalochana, sanchaar, hastakshep aur shikshashastra koo nirdhaarit karane key baad-samooh samajshastriya kalaa kaa prastaav kartaa haye taaki" paryaavaran key prati ack ardh-vaigyaanik drishtikon aur vyaktiyon key beach sthaapit ack jeevit sambandh "key beach vibhajan koo door kiya jaa sakey. . .] aur adhyayan kiya gayaa vatavaran."
yeh pariyojana aur sambandhit granth teen pramukh pahaluon koo ingit karate hain joe vyaapak roop seey samajshastriya kalaa kii visheshta hain. sabse pahale, kalaatmak shram mein ayojan, lekhan, anusandhaan aur shikshan jaisi gatividhiyaan shamil theen. audyogik arthavyavastha seey seva aur soochana arthavyavastha mein vyaapak sankraman seey sambandhit bauddhik aur safed-collar kaushal koo ekikrit karane key liye paaramparik kalaatmak kaushal kaa vistaar. doosara, vishisht sthalon aur unake sambandhit darshakon key saath samvaad mein vikasit pariyojanaaen. chaahe vaha kissy shahar yaa kissy vishesh samudaay parr kendrit hoe, samajshastriya kalaa kaa uddeshya sthalon aur manushyon key saath adaan-pradaan key madhyam seey astitva kii samajik sthitiyon key baare mein jagrukta badhaana haye. teesara, samajshastriya kalaa aamtaur parr samay-adharit aur alpakaalik hoti thee aur mukhya roop seey anudan, vyaktigat vitt aur commission dwara vitt poshit hoti thee. isaliye, shesh samagri mein "durlabh" kalaa vastuon koo khareedane, bechane aur ekatra karane key bajaay badey paimaane parr pralekhan shamil hain.
chhah varshon taka, saamoohik roop seey kuchh sahayogi samajshastriya kalaa pariyojanaon koo anjam diyaa gayaa, bolchal aur pradarshani mein bhaag liya, sahyogiyon kaa ack samudaay utpann kiya gayaa, aur swatantra kaam key liye samarthan pradaan kiya gayaa. vartakaron mein heinry lefebrey, edger morin, violem flusser, jeane duvignod, george glusberg, christine styles aur kaee kalakar shamil they, jinamen kalakar placement samooh key johnn latham, stephen willots aur caine friedman shamil they. fisher, vann aur phir key beach tanaav vikasit huaa, aur 1980 mein, vann aur phir ney ikol samajshastra poochtaachh koo bechane vaale "art press" mein ack vigyaapan prakaashit kiya, joe fisher key apartment mein sthit thaa, aur saamoohik key anta kii ghoshana karate hue ack lekh likhaa.
siddhant.
samajshastriya kalaa kaa uddeshya hastakshepvadi kalaatmak prathaon aur sambandhit lekhan key madhyam seey kalaa aur samaaj kaa ack aalochanatmak vishleshan vikasit karna thaa joe samajshastra key tarikon aur siddhanton parr adharit thaa. isane sabhi aur kissy bhee prakaar key anukoolan kii ninda karane key drishtikon seey baatchit, animation, shikshashastra aur vinimay, ukasaave aur paaramparik samajik vyavhaaron key vyavadhaan kii sanrachanaon key nirmaan key sandarbh mein kalaa kii kalpana kii. jaisa kii fred vann dwara sankshep mein kahaa gayaa haih "samajshastriya kalaa kaa vyaavhaarik uddeshya vibhinn upkaranon key liye astitva kii aavashyak sthitiyaan pradaan karna haye joe ack diye gaye kushal aur prabhaavi poochtaachh yaa jaanch koo taiyar karate hain, jisase antar-vishayavastu kii sthiti key liye ishtatam sthitiyaan sthaapit hoti hain.samajshastriya kalaa ack aisee kalaa duniya key liye raajneetik roop seey sanlagn pratikriya thee jise apane samay kii praudyogikiyon aur samaaj donon key sampark seey baahar maanaa jaataa thaa. yeh rukh adhuniktawadi aur aupchaarik hathdharmita key sakht virodh mein thaa joe madhyam vishishtata aur aadhikarik iraade koo visheshaadhikaar detaa thaa.
samajshastriya kalaa key madhyam seey vibhinn saiddhaantik prabhaavon kaa pataa lagaaya jaa sakata haye. sthitivaadi sthagan kii ack shaastriya pariksha mein, samajshastriya kalaa kaa uddeshya shakti aur zana sanchaar key madhyamon kii or dhyaan aakarshit karna thaa, jiska uddeshya ise kamjor karna thaa. yeh usa samay key samajik sanhitaon dwara sanrachit ack nishchit vaastaviktaa koo visfot yaa badalane key liye upahaas, simulakram aur bhagidari kaa ahwan kartaa haye. yeh vichaar karate hue kii kaise vichardhara ney samaaj koo francisi aalochanatmak siddhant mein samkaaleen vishleshanon seey sambandhit kiya, jaise kii luis althusar key vaichaarik raajya tantra key vichaar key saath-saath satta parr faucault key lekhan. usee samay, kalaa aur sanskriti kaa adhyayan karane key liye samajik vigyaan key bheetar upa-anushasana ubhare, jisamen kalaa aur drishya nrivigyaan kaa samajshastra shamil haye, aur kalaa key samajik-aarthik dhaanche kii or dhyaan aakarshit karane key liye naveen vidhi aur siddhanton koo lagu kiya gayaa.
usase parey.
samajshastriya kalaa samooh key vighatan key baad, isake sansthapakon ney apane baad key kaam aur karyon mein kuchh samajshastriya siddhanton koo banaae rakhaa. fisher ney paaristhitiki samajshastra key saath poochtaachh jaari rakhee aur badey paimaane parr shahari hastakshep kiye. isake baad vaha montrial chaley gaye, jahan unhone nae media key curator key roop mein kaam kiya, aur 2010 mein, unhone searate mein ack badee purvavyaapi pradarshani kii. vann ney sanchaar saundaryashastra key apane baad key siddhant koo shuru kiya aur ack shikshak aur kalakar key roop mein apana kaam jaari rakhaa, joe nett aur internet kalaa key ack mahatvapurna praarambhik siddhantkar aur vyavasaayi bunn gaye. 2007 mein, vann ney slot foundation mein ack purvavyaapi pradarshani kii thee. ack manochikitsak key roop mein apane kaam mein kalaa aur video kii chikitsiya kshamata parr dhyaan kendrit kiya. 2010 mein, unhone ack pradarshani kii, jise gallery fluxes mein ack "intervention dee art sociologic" kahaa jaataa haye, jisamen kalakar key saath ack video sakshatkar shamil thaa. teenon ney shandar tareeke seey likhana jaari rakhaa aur haal hii mein apani kalaakriti kaa phir seey pradarshan kiya haye. haalaanki aaj apekshaakrit agyaat haye, samajshastriya kalaa france aur europe mein 1960 aur 1970 key dashak key anta mein aitihaasik uthal-puthal kaa poori tarah seey prateek haye aur 1990 key dashak key madhya seey kalaa mein kaee pramukh rujhaanon koo purvanirdhaarit karati haye.