
plymouth mein tramway

plymouth mein tramway kaa nirmaan mool roop seey chaar swatantra network key roop mein kiya gayaa thaa joe teen alag-alag companiyon dwara sanchaalit they taaki devon, ingland mein plymouth, stonehouse aur devonport key aas-paas key shaharon kii seva kii jaa sakey. 1914 mein plymouth key nae baro mein 'teen shaharon' kaa vilay naee plymouth nigam key tatvavdhan mein teenon companiyon key shamil honey key liye utprerak thaa. dwiteeya vishva yuddh key dauran bumm seey hue nuksan key parinamswarup 1945 mein network koo bund curr diyaa gayaa thaa.
teen companiyon mein seey sabse pahala, plymouth, stonehouse aur devonport tramway, tramway adhiniyam 1870 key praavdhaanon key tahat nirmit honey vaalaa united kingdam kaa pahala tramway thaa. shuru mein ack gaze horse-work line, ise baad mein gaze aur bijli mein parivartit curr diyaa gayaa thaa. doosara plymouth, devonport aur district tramway (baad mein plymouth tramway company) thaa, jise 3 feat 6 inch key gaze mein banaaya gayaa thaa aur vidyuteekaran seey pahale bhaap aur horse power donon kaa upayog kiya gayaa thaa. antim company devonport aur jilaa tramway thee jisane 3 feat 6 inch key gaze koo bhee apanaaya thaa lekin shuru seey hii iska vidyuteekaran kiya gayaa thaa.
itihas.
plymouth dakshin devon tata parr, abb plymouth hoe key naam seey jaane jaane vaale promontary key purvi hisse mein ack praakritik bandargah key aspas palaa-badhaa. plymouth dock (baad mein devonport key roop mein jaanaa jaataa haye) mein nausena dockyard sthaapit kiye gaye they, joe plymouth key uttar paschim mein taamar nadee key paar they; stonehouse koo donon key beach sandwich kiya gayaa thaa aur yeh sainya bairak, aspatalon aur ack victulling yard kaa ghar bunn gayaa thaa.
south devon railway 1848 mein plymouth mein aaya aur agale varsh milbe mein ack sthaayi station sthaapit kiya gayaa. yeh plymouth hoe key paschimi hisse mein thaa aur station key saamane tata parr ack nayaa vaanijyik dock sthaapit kiya gayaa thaa. station key turant uttar mein railway ney ack pull parr union street koo paar kiya. yeh ack sadak thee joe teenon shaharon key kendron koo jodane key liye banaai gaee thee. cornwall railway ney 1859 mein milbe seey hocker ack aur line kholi.
plymouth, devonport aur stonehouse.
sadak tramway key aasaan nirmaan koo saksham karane key liye 1870 kaa tramway adhiniyam paarit kiya gayaa thaa, aur stonehouse key madhyam seey line koo badhaava dene vaali company ney iska laabh sabse pahale uthaaya thaa. tramway koo 18 march 1872 koo khola gayaa thaa. plymouth mein theatre royal dwara derry kii ghadee seey shuru hocker, yeh union street key saath chalata thaa aur stonehouse mein pravesh karane seey pahale railway pull key neeche seey gujarta thaa. isake baad yeh "hafpeni brij" (ack jwaariya khaadi parr ack toll brij) koo paar curr gayaa aur devonport mein pravesh kiya. devonport pahaadi parr chadhane key baad yeh comberland street parr samaapt huaa. dou saal baad iss line koo chappel street, phore street aur marlboro street key saath comberland street seey aage badhaaya gayaa. yeh ack loop thaa jiss parr traum ghadee kii vipareet disha mein chalate they.
plymouth mein ekmatra stonehouse line thee jise british maanak gaze key liye banaaya gayaa thaa. isaki trams koo ghodon dwara kheencha jaataa thaa; dou ney plymouth seey devonport taka kaam kiya, lekin stonehouse pull koo paar karane mein madad karane key liye ack atirikt jodee jodee gaee aur devonport pahaadi kii yatra key liye inmein ack yaa dou aur jode gaye. ack baar star parr vaapas aaney key baad atirikt ghodon koo agali traum kii sahaayata key liye stonehouse mein vaapas curr diyaa gayaa, lekin chappel street key saath antim pahaadi key liye dou aur jode gaye.
1901 mein patthar key ghar kii line koo vidyut karshan mein badal diyaa gayaa thaa. usee samay plymouth aur devonport lines key gaze seey mell khaane key liye line koo sankeern curr diyaa gayaa thaa. vidyut traum ghadee kii disha mein devonport parr loop key chaaron or chaley, jisase comberland street parr uttar aur dakshin kii or jaane vaale trams key beach sambhaavit sangharsh door hoe gayaa. plymouth aur devonport mein patariyon koo sambandhit nigamon koo betch diyaa gayaa aur traum company koo vaapas patte parr diyaa gayaa, lekin stonehouse key madhyam seey khand isake swaamitva mein rhaa. patta 21 varshon taka chalaa, jisake baad stonehouse company plymouth corporation tramway vibhaag koo betch dee gaee, joe taba taka shahar mein anya sabhi trams kaa sanchaalan curr rhaa thaa. plymouth, devonport aur stonehouse tramway company praantiya tramway company kii poorna swaamitva vaali sahayak company thee.
plymouth, devonport aur jilaa.
plymouth, devonport aur district tramways company kii sthaapana 1882 mein sansad key adhiniyam dwara teen shaharon mein aur sudur poorv mein plympton mein ack network banaane key liye kii gaee thee. adhikrit saat maargon mein seey kewal dou maarg banaae gaye they, ack west hoe seey milbe hotey hue matale mein hyde park corner taka. yeh khadee uttari pahaadi seey bachane key liye coberg street aur uttari sadak key saath chalata thaa. doosara maarg shahar key kendra seey barbican mein dakshin kii or sadak taka jaataa thaa. traum kaaron (starbuck kaar aur vaigan company dwara nirmit) koo west hoe mein ack dipo mein rakhaa gayaa thaa aur vigan key villium wilkinson dwara nirmit 0-4-0 bhaap injanon dwara sanchaalit kiya gayaa thaa. vyaapaar mandal ney bhaap karshan key upayog kii anumati dene seey incar curr diyaa, naa hii traum koo richmond street mein rakhee gaee patariyon key saath chalane kii anumati dee aur isaliye matale seey traum shahar key kendra taka naheen pahunch sakey. company ney bhaap key upayog parr vyaapaar pratibandh board kii andekhi karate hue dabaav daala aur 4 navambar koo ack niyamit seva kaa udghaatan kiya.
devonport nigam ney 14 navambar koo uchch nyayalaya key chancy division seey ack nishedhagya praapt kii taaki company koo poori pranali key puuraa honey taka kissy bhee seva koo kholane yaa sanchaalit karane seey rokaa jaa sakey. company ney appeal kii adalat mein ack appeal khou dee, aur yeh plymouth mein bhaap tramway kaa anta thaa. company aur vyaapaar mandal key karyon key parinamswarup house off lords mein derry banaam peak kaa faisala aaya.
company apani yojanaon koo puuraa karane key liye paryaapt poonji jutaane mein whiffle rahee aur isaliye 1886 mein ack naee plymouth tramway company koo betch dee gaee. iss company ney shahar key kendra seey barbican taka kii line koo bund curr diyaa aur shesh maargon parr horse power kii shuruat kii. bhaap injanon koo kent mein hanscomb koyla khadaan koo becha gayaa thaa, jahan way 1922 taka kaam karate they. company ney 1892 taka tramway kaa sanchaalan kiya jaba ise plymouth nigam koo 12,500 pound mein betch diyaa gayaa.
devonport aur jilaa.
plymouth mein shuru honey vaalaa antim vaanijyik traum sanchaalan devonport aur jilaa tramway company thee. british electric traction group (bett) dwara 1898 mein sthaapit, isane 1901 mein sevaaon kaa sanchaalan karna shuru kiya. trams ney devonport mein dou sthaanon seey shuru kiyaah phore street (stonehouse company kii line key karib) aur morris town, joe mukhya dockyard key karib thaa. phore street seey ack maarg poorv kii or paradise road aur stewart road key saath penikamkwik taka chalaa, joe ell. aiss. doubleu. aar. station kii seva kartaa haye aur plymouth mein uttari road station key paas samaapt hotaa haye. ack anya maarg uttar-poorv kii or mealhouse taka chalaa gayaa jahan mukhya traum dipo sthaapit kiya gayaa thaa. morris shahar seey ack maarg poorv kii or mealhouse taka jaataa thaa, aur doosara uttar kii or keeham key madhyam seey oont key sir taka jaataa thaa. inn maargon kaa kull milaa. devonport nigam ney penikamkwik line key paas stonehouse creak mein apane bijli kendra seey bijli pradaan kii.
company key prastaavit maarg nigam kii aakaankshaon koo puuraa karane key liye paryaapt vyaapak naheen they, isaliye unhone dou aur lines kaa nirmaan kiya. ack mealhouse seey paverail taka kaa vistaar thaa, doosara oont key sir seey sultash maarg taka kii ack rekha thee. yeh shuru mein morris shahar seey line seey judaa naheen thaa kyonki oont kii mukhya khaadi parr lakadi kaa pull traum lines koo samaayojit karane mein saksham naheen thaa, isaliye oont key sir parr ack chhota dipo pradaan kiya gayaa thaa. nigam ney 1903 mein devonport aur jilaa company koo apani laainen patte parr dee. company ney sultash maarg key paas chhoti raakh parr ack chaay kaa kamra khola aur round-trip tikat kii peshkash kii, jisamen chaay key kamare kii yatra ack disha mein traum seey aur doosari disha mein naav seey thee.
octuber 1914 mein jaba teenon shaharon kaa vilay hoe gayaa, tou company plymouth nigam koo betch dee gaee.
plymouth nigam.
plymouth nigam kaa tramway sanchaalan mein pahala udyam taba thaa jaba usane 1892 mein whiffle plymouth tramway company koo apane niyantran mein leey liya thaa. isake nae tramway vibhaag ney horse traum key saath matale aur west hoe key maargon kaa sanchaalan jaari rakhaa, naee kaaren 1894 aur 1895 mein vitarit kii jaa rahee theen. west hoe line koo 11 march 1893 koo ghaat sadak taka thodi doori taka badhaaya gayaa thaa. matale seey 3 aprail 1893 koo hyde park corner seey compton laine taka line koo uttar mein vistaarit kiya gayaa thaa. isake baad old town street key saath richmond street seey market avenue taka ack connection aaya taaki matale line koo ack adhik suvidhajanak town center terminus diyaa jaa sakey. 1895 mein seedhe uttari pahaadi key neeche matale maidan seey ack naee line kholi gaee, joe uttar sadak key madhyam seey ack sapaat maarg key saath ack aisee jagah parr juda gaee jise baad mein tavistock road mein bhaala key koney key roop mein jaanaa gayaa. agale varsh sadak chaudi hui jisane chhote khand koo kholane kii anumati dee jise vyaapaar board ney pahale manjuri dene seey incar curr diyaa thaa. 10 disambar 1896 koo ack poori tarah seey naee line koo poorv kii or tavistock road (jise abb drake circus key roop mein jaanaa jaataa haye) key neeche junction seey prince rock taka khola gayaa thaa.
nigam kii lines koo 1898 mein bijli mein badalane kaa kaam shuru huaa. pahala kaam bajar key maarg seey laker prince rock taka kiya gayaa thaa jise 22 janwari 1899 seey bijli key trams dwara sanchaalit kiya gayaa thaa. bijli kii aapoorti nigam key apane bijli kendra seey catwater (line key purvi chhor key paas) mein kii gaee thee aur elliot road mein ack nayaa traum dipo banaaya gayaa thaa. vidyuteekaran koo jald hii bajar maarg seey theatre taka badhaa diyaa gayaa. pahali chhah electric kaaren ack purani horse traum koo trailer key roop mein leey jaane key liye susajjit theen, lekin puraane shahar kii sadak parr patari seey utarane key baad iss pratha koo bund curr diyaa gayaa thaa. 4 aprail 1901 koo compton key maarg koo vidyut sanchaalan mein badal diyaa gayaa. 2 aprail 1902 koo poorv kii or beamont sadak key liye ack nayaa vidyut maarg khola gayaa thaa. paverail key liye horse traum koo 13 janwari 1903 koo bijli seey badal diyaa gayaa thaa, aur 21 sitambar 1905 koo penikamkwik key liye. yeh sirf west hoe maarg parr horse traum chhod gayaa, jise 22 juuna 1907 koo parivartit kiya gayaa thaa.
octuber 1914 mein plymouth nigam key tatvavdhan mein 'teen shaharon' kaa vilay curr diyaa gayaa. devonport nigam key swaamitva vaali laainen plymouth nigam key niyantran mein aaa gaeen, aur saath hii saath daanv kii devonport aur jilaa company koo nigam koo betch diyaa gayaa. agale varsh penikamkwik aur peverel mein donon networkon key beach sambandh baney. pratham vishva yuddh key baad puraane plymouth traum dipo dhwast honey lagey, jabaki milehouse mein puraane devonport dipo kaa vistaar kiya gayaa aur vahaan nae karyalaya banaae gaye. pradaan kii gaee suvidhaaen purani traum kaaron key poorna punarnirmaan aur punarnirmaan karane mein saksham theen. stonehouse line swatantra rahee lekin plymouth aur devonport donon mein line key kuchh hisson koo 1901 mein sambandhit nigamon koo betch diyaa gayaa thaa aur 21 varshon key liye patte parr diyaa gayaa thaa, isaliye jaba yeh patta 1922 mein samaapt hoe gayaa tou company plymouth nigam koo betch dee gaee. isane antatah ack hii swaamitva key tahat sabhi maargon koo khareed liya. adhikansh plymouth maargon dwara upayog kiye jaane vaale aasann theatre terminus key saath derry kii ghadee key beach aur puraane devonport network key saath phore street parr stonehouse line seey nae connection bichhaae gaye they.
bund curr diyaa.
1930 taka tramway rolling stock key adhikansh hisse koo navinikrit karna aavashyak hoe rhaa thaa. trolley bason mein badalane parr vichaar kiya gayaa, lekin isake bajaay traum koo motor bason seey badalane key liye duss saal key karyakram koo lagu karane kaa nirnay liya gayaa. parivartit kii jaane vaali pahali line devonport seey sent boodex line thee jise octuber 1930 mein bund curr diyaa gayaa thaa jaba chhah naee double-deck bason ney trams koo badal diyaa thaa. west hoe kii line 1931 mein bund hoe gaee, 1932 mein compton kii line bund hoe gaee, aur 1934 mein shaahi nausena bairakon key liye niyamit sevaaen vaapas leey lii gaeen. inn maargon key liye aur naee basein laaee gaeen, aur abb bund exeter tramway company aur torke tramway seey kuchh purani tramkaron ney sabse purani plymouth kaaron koo vaapas lene kii anumati dee. 1935 mein shahar kii pahali deejal-injan vaali bason kii delivery key baad milehouse seey devonport line bund hoe gaee. 1936 mein prince rock taka kii line koo bund karane kii anumati dene key liye aur 1937 mein dou lambe vrittakar maargon koo vaapas lene kii anumati dene key liye aur adhik kii aavashyakta thee. sitambar 1942 mein dwiteeya vishva yuddh key prakop key baad shesh trams koo badalane kii yojana koo roque diyaa gayaa thaa kyonki way british koyale seey utpann bijli seey sanchaalit they, jabaki basein aayatit eendhan parr nirbhar theen. isaliye theatre seey peverel taka kaa ack shesh maarg chalata rhaa. haalaanki, aprail 1941 mein shahar key kendra mein bumm seey kshati key baad (jaba kaar 133 nasht hoe gaee thee) seva kewal drake key circus aur peverel key beach sanchaalit hui. aprail 1941 mein milehouse dipo parr bhee bambari kii gaee thee. europe mein yuddh samaapt honey key baad sitambar 1945 mein antim traum sanchaalit kiya gayaa thaa.
plymouth mein baath street aur martin street key beach sthit ack joinary karyashala mein 2016 mein purani tramway rail key ack hisse kaa pataa chalaa thaa, jahaan ise 1945 seey pahale banaaya gayaa thaa. plime valley railway key swayamsevakon ney 116 saal purani kalaakriti baramad kii thee.
raaste.
1915 mein devonport aur plymouth network key beach kiye gaye connection ney maargon koo sanshodhit karane aur devonport aur plymouth key kendra key beach sevaaon key madhyam seey peshkash karane kaa avsar diyaa. 1921 mein 9 seey paschim hoe koo seva vaapas leey lii gaee aur beamont road aur prince rock seey paschim hoe taka maarg 4 aur 5 parr kuchh sevaaon kaa vistaar karke pratisthaapit kiya gayaa. alma road key madhyam seey penikamkwik seey milehouse taka ack naee line kholane seey peverel aur alma road key madhyam seey ack alpakaalik vrittakar seva kii anumati millie. 1922 mein stonehouse maarg key avashoshan ney maarg 2 aur 6 koo vaapas union street key saath theatre taka vistaarit karke ack lambe samay taka chalane vaale golakar maarg kii shuruat kii.
bedaa.
plymouth nigam kii electric tramkaron koo aam taur parr 1927 taka delivery key crum mein kramaankit kiya jaataa thaa. agali delivery (1931 mein) mein shrinkhala koo number 1 parr phir seey shuru kiya gayaa kyonki taba taka sabse purani kaaron koo vaapas leey liya gayaa thaa.
haalaanki adhikansh kaaren samanya engineering companiyon seey kharidi gaee theen, badey dipo ney mahatvapurna punarnirmaan kaary kiya aur naee kaaron key nirmaan kaa shreya mealhouse koo bhee diyaa jaataa haye. pahala 1920 mein kaar 91 thaa, jisamen devonport kaar 22 seey truck parr poori tarah seey nayaa shareer banaaya gayaa thaa. isi tarah kaa kaam kaar 24 parr kiya gayaa thaa joe 1922 mein ack naee sankhya 93 key roop mein ubhari thee. usee varsh ack teesari naee kaar ubhari aur usey 112 number diyaa gayaa. kuchh engineering kaaron kaa nirmaan bhee kiya gayaa thaa, yaa vibhinn dipo mein unakaa punarnirmaan kiya gayaa thaa. sabse ullekhaniya 1915 mein crompton dipo mein nirmit ack rail grinder aur kaar 42 haye jise 1924 mein welding kaar mein parivartit kiya gayaa thaa.
stonehouse line aathh horse trams key saath kholi gaee, lekin lagbhag 1888 mein 12 key ack badey bede key saath inhen badal diyaa gayaa. 1901 key isake vidyut bede mein 1 seey 12,14 aur 15 kii sankhya vaali 14 kaaren shamil theen. 1916 mein bede mein ack kaar 16 jodee gaee aur way 1922 mein plymouth kaar 113 seey 127 bunn gaeen.
plymouth, devonport aur district steam trams kii sankhya 1 seey 5 thee, aur aathh trailer upalabdh they. jaba plymouth tramway ney apana adhikaar sambhala tou unhone baarah ghodon kii kaaron kaa upayog kiya, joe sabhi 1892 mein nigam koo dee gaeen. 1898 taka unaki ghodon kii trams kii sankhya 29 hoe gaee, milness aur bristol tramway seey atirikt kaaren kharidi gaee theen.
1901 mein devonport key electric kaaron key praarambhik bede mein brill company kii 20 kaaren aur brush dwara nirmit 5 kaaren shamil theen joe birmingham mein ack tramway seey doosari baar aatee theen. 1911 mein 8 aur vitarit kiye gaye, aadhe brush seey aur aadhe birmingham seey.
leaver.
plymouth, stonehouse aur devonport traum koo halke harey aur safed rung seey chitrit kiya gayaa thaa.
plymouth, devonport aur district steam traum key chhor bhoore rung key they aur safed kinaaron key saath underframe they.
devonport aur jilaa company ney apane traum koo chocolet aur cream seey rangaa, lekin 1914 taka ise gahare harey aur cream mein badal diyaa gayaa.
plymouth nigam ney 1892 seey 1922 taka ack sindur yojana kaa upayog kiya, jaba ack nayaa primerose peela aur safed rung pesh kiya gayaa thaa.
dipo.
pranali kaa sabse badaa dipo milehouse mein thaa. ise 1901 mein devonport company dwara khola gayaa thaa. plymouth nigam key saath vilay key baad ise sanyukt bede key liye pramukh dipo key roop mein vikasit kiya gayaa thaa. penikamkwik aur paverail mein connection ney mealhouse seey kaaron koo plymouth maargon taka pahunchane kii anumati dee, aur maee 1922 mein alma road key saath ack nayaa maarg khola gayaa jisane milehouse seey penikamkwik aur theatre taka seedha maarg diyaa. iss samay key aspas dipo mein suvidhaon kaa vistaar kiya gayaa thaa. mool shade key purvi chhor parr kull chhah patariyon vaale dou nae shade banaae gaye, milhouse road/alma road junction key liye ack nayaa pravesh dwaar bichhaaya gayaa aur tramway vibhaag key liye nae karyalaya khole gaye. 1936 taka anya sabhi dipo bund curr diye gaye they aur sabhi trams koo mealhouse mein rakhaa gayaa thaa. dipo ney motor bason key badhate bede koo bhee banaae rakhaa. antim trams kii vaapsee key baad seey yeh kaam jaari haye, aur karyalaya abhee bhee plymouth citibus key liye ghar hain.
mool plymouth electric traum key liye dou dipo compton mein loer compton road (1893 mein khole gaye) aur elliot road, prince rock (1899) mein they. way kramshah 1934 aur 1936 mein bund hoe gaye. horse traum koo belgrave muse (matale) aur west hoe road key dipo mein rakhaa gayaa thaa. stonehouse company kaa horse traum dipo manore laine mein thaa, lekin jaba 1901 mein maarg kaa vidyuteekaran kiya gayaa tou bajar sadak parr ack nayaa dipo sthaapit kiya gayaa. devonport company kaa sent budox key raaste mein dou kaaron key liye oont key sir parr harford place mein ack chhota saa dipo bhee thaa. 1930 taka morris shahar seey line seey judey rahane key baad dipo koo banaae rakhaa gayaa thaa.

