
network pull

ack network brij ack computer networking upkaran haye joe kaee sanchaar network yaa network khandon seey ack ekal, samagr network banaata haye. iss kaary koo network bridging kahaa jaataa haye. pull banaana maarg seey alag haye. rooting kaee networkon koo swatantra roop seey samvaad karane kii anumati detaa haye aur phir bhee alag rahata haye, jabaki bridging dou alag-alag networkon koo jodati haye jaise kii way ack ekal network they. oh. aiss. aaee. model mein, detta link parat (parat 2) mein bridging kii jaati haye. yadi brij network key ack yaa adhik khand wireless hain, tou upkaran koo wireless brij key roop mein jaanaa jaataa haye.
network bridging praudyogikiyon key mukhya prakaar saral bridging, multiport bridging aur seekhane yaa pardarshi bridging hain.
pardarshi pull.
pardarshi pull nirmaan network khandon key beach frames key agragaman koo niyantrit karane key liye agreshan soochana aadhar naamak ack talika kaa upayog kartaa haye. table khaali shuru hoti haye aur pravishtiyaan jodee jaati hain kyonki pull frame praapt kartaa haye. yadi table mein gantavya pataa pravesh naheen milata haye, tou frame pull key anya sabhi bandargaahon mein bhar jaataa haye, frame koo sabhi khandon mein bhar detaa haye, sivaay usa hisse key jahan seey yeh praapt huaa thaa. inn baadh frames key madhyam seey, gantavya network parr ack mezban pratikriya dega aur ack agreshan databases pravishti banaai jaayegi. iss prakriya mein srot aur gantavya donon patey upayog kiye jaate hainh srot patey talika mein pravishtiyon mein darj kiye jaate hain, jabaki gantavya patey koo talika mein dekhaa jaataa haye aur frame koo bhejane key liye uchit khand seey milan kiya jaataa haye. digital upkaran nigam (dee. see.) ney mool roop seey 1980 key dashak mein praudyogiki vikasit kii thee.
dou-bandargah pull key sandarbh mein, agreshan soochana aadhar koo ack filtering databases key roop mein dekhaa jaa sakata haye. ack pull ack frame key gantavya patey koo padhata haye aur aage yaa filter karane kaa nirnay letaa haye. yadi pull yeh nirdhaarit kartaa haye kii gantavya mezban network parr kissy anya khand parr haye, tou yeh usa khand key liye frame koo aage badhaata haye. yadi gantavya kaa pataa srot key patey key samaan khand seey sambandhit haye, tou pull frame koo filter kartaa haye, jisase yeh dusare network taka pahunchane seey bachata haye jahaan isaki aavashyakta naheen haye.
pardarshi pull dou seey adhik bandargaahon vaale upkaranon parr bhee kaam curr sakate hain. udaaharan key liye, teen mejbaanon, aeye, bee aur see seey judey pull parr vichaar karein. iss pull mein teen bandargah hain. a pull bandargah 1 seey judaa huaa haye, b pull bandargah 2 seey judaa huaa haye, c pull bandargah 3 seey judaa huaa haye. a pull koo sambodhit ack frame bhejata haye. pull frame key srot patey kii jaanch kartaa haye aur apani agreshan talika mein mezban "aeye" key liye ack pataa aur port sankhya pravishti banaata haye. pull frame key gantavya patey kii jaanch kartaa haye aur ise apani aage kii mez mein naheen paataa haye isaliye yeh anya sabhi bandargaahon parr baadh (prasaran) kartaa haih 2 aur 3. frame mezban bee aur see dwara praapt kiya jaataa haye. mezban see gantavya patey kii jaanch kartaa haye aur frame koo nazarandaj kartaa haye kyonki yeh apane patey seey mell naheen khaata haye. mezban bee ack gantavya patey key milan koo pahachaantaa haye aur ack key liye pratikriya utpann kartaa haye. vaapsee key raaste parr, pull apani aage kii mez mein bee key liye ack pataa aur port number pravishti jodata haye. pull key aage kii mez mein pahale seey hii ack pataa haye isaliye yeh kewal port 1 koo pratikriya detaa haye. port see yaa port 3 parr kissy anya mezban parr pratikriya kaa bojh naheen haye. network mein aage kii baadh key binaa abb aeye aur bee key beach dou-tarfa sanchaar sambhav haye. abb, yadi ack frame see koo sambodhit kartaa haye, tou usee prakriya kaa upayog kiya jaayega, lekin iss baar pull ack key patey/port key liye ack naee agreshan-talika pravishti naheen banaayega kyonki yeh pahale hii curr chuka haye.
jaba frame praarup aur iska pataa kaafee hudd taka naheen badala jaataa haye tou bridging koo "pardarshi" kahaa jaataa haye. "gair-pardarshi" pull banaane kii aavashyakta hoti haye, vishesh roop seey jaba pull key donon taraf kii frame ack dusare key saath sangat naheen hoti haye, jaise.jee. sthaaniya patey key saath archnet aur aaee. ee. ee. ee. mack paton kaa upayog karke ethernet key beach, anuvaad kii aavashyakta hoti haye. haalaanki, aksar iss tarah key asangat network beach mein root kiye jaate hain, brij naheen.
saral pull.
ack saral pull dou network khandon koo jodata haye, aamtaur parr pardarshi roop seey kaam karke aur ack frame-darr-frame aadhar parr nirnay karke kii ack network seey dusare network mein aage badhana haye yaa naheen. ack store aur forward takneek kaa upayog aamtaur parr kiya jaataa haye, isaliye forwarding key hisse key roop mein, frame akhandata koo srot network parr satyaapit kiya jaataa haye aur see. aiss. aim. aeye./see. dee. deree koo gantavya network parr samaayojit kiya jaataa haye. repeater key vipareet joe kewal ack khand kii adhikatam avadhi kaa vistaar karate hain, pull kewal aage kii frame hain joe pull koo paar karane key liye aavashyak hain. isake alawa, pull key donon or ack alag takraav kshetra banaakar pull takraav koo cumm karate hain.
multiport bridging.
ack bahu-bandargah pull kaee networkon koo jodata haye aur ack frame-darr-frame aadhar parr "aage yatayat karna haye yaa naheen" yeh taya karane key liye pardarshi roop seey sanchaalit hotaa haye. isake alawa, ack bahu-bandargah pull koo yeh taya karna hoga kii yatayat koo aage kahaan leey jaanaa haye. sadharan pull kii tarah, ack bahu-bandargah pull aamtaur parr store aur aage key sanchaalan kaa upayog kartaa haye. multiport brij kaary network switch key liye aadhar key roop mein kaary kartaa haye.
karyanvayan.
samagri-pataa-yogya smriti (cam) mein sangraheet agreshan soochana aadhar shuru mein khaali haye. pratyek praapt ethernet frame key liye switch frame key srot mack patey seey seekhata haye aur ise agreshan soochana aadhar mein ack interfaces pahchankarta key saath jodata haye. switch phir frame key gantavya mack patey key aadhar parr cam mein paae jaane vaale interfaces key liye frame koo aage badhaata haye. yadi gantavya kaa pataa agyaat haye tou switch sabhi interfaces parr frame bhejata haye (pravesh interfaces koo chhodkar). iss vyavhaar koo unicast baadh kahaa jaataa haye.
aage badhana.
ack baar jaba ack pull apane judey hue nodes key patey seekh letaa haye, tou yeh ack parat-2 agreshan vidhi kaa upayog karke detta link parat frame koo aage badhaata haye. ack pull dwara upayog kiye jaane vaale chaar agreshan vidhiyaan hain, jinamen seey doosari seey chauthi vidhiyaan pradarshan badhaane kii vidhiyaan theen jaba ack hii input aur output port bandwidth key saath "switch" utpaadon parr upayog kiya jaataa thaah
sabse chhota maarg setu.
aaee. ee. ee. ee. 802.1aq maanak mein nirdisht aur dejextra key algorithm parr adharit sabse chhota path setu (aiss. pee. bee.) ack computer networking praudyogiki haye jiska uddeshya network key nirmaan aur vinyas koo saral banaana haye, jabaki bahu path maarg koo saksham karna haye. yeh vriksh protocol key liye ack prastaavit pratisthaapan haye joe kissy bhee anaavashyak path koo avaruddh kartaa haye jisake parinamswarup ack switching loop hoe sakata haye. aiss. pee. bee. sabhi raaston koo kaee samaan laagat vaale raaston key saath sakriya honey kii anumati detaa haye. aiss. pee. bee. ack parat-2 network parr anumat vlan kii sankhya koo bhee badhaata haye.
trill (bahut saare link kaa pardarshi paraspar sambandh) vriksh protocol kaa uttaradhikari haye, donon koo ack hii vyakti, rediya paralman dwara banaaya gayaa haye. tril key liye utprerak beth israel deconness medical center mein ack karyakram thaa joe 13 navambar 2002 koo shuru huaa thaa. rbridges [sic] kii avadharana koo pahali baar varsh 2004 mein vidyut aur electronics engineeron key sansthaan koo prastaavit kiya gayaa thaa, jinhone 2005 mein trill key roop mein jaane jaane vaale koo khariz curr diyaa thaa, aur 2006 seey 2012 key varshon mein ack asangat bhinnata taiyar kii jise sabse chhote path bridging key roop mein jaanaa jaataa haye.

