
skimmitter orics

skimmitter orics (orics damma), jise skimmitter-seeng vaale orics aur sahaara orics key roop mein bhee jaanaa jaataa haye, ack "orics" prajaati haye joe kabhi poore uttar africa mein vyaapak thee. 2000 mein, ise iucn laal soochi mein vilupt ghoshit kiya gayaa thaa. yeh vishesh orics kathor registani sthitiyon key liye anukoolit haye aur peene key paani key binaa maheenon yaa varshon taka jeevit reh sakata haye. ack charaane vaalaa janwar, yeh apane dainik namee kaa adhikansh sevan paudhon seey praapt kartaa haye.
simiter orics kii aabaadi mein girawat navpashan kaal key dauran jalavaayu parivartan key parinamswarup shuru hui, aur baad mein isake seengon key liye iska vyaapak roop seey shikaar kiya gayaa. aaj, ise tunisia, morakko aur senegal mein vishesh bhandar mein kaid mein aur texas pahaadi desh mein niji videshi pashu kheton mein paalaa jaataa haye. 2016 mein, ack punah parichay karyakram shuru kiya gayaa thaa aur vartamaan mein ack chhote jhund koo safaltapurvak chaid mein phir seey pesh kiya gayaa haye.
skimmitter orics pracheen misra key orics nome kaa prateek thaa aur aaj yeh sahaara sanrakshan kosh kaa pashu prateek haye.
vargeekaran aur namkaran.
skimmitter orics "orics" vansh aur boviday parivaar kaa sadasya haye. german prakritivaadi lorenz okan ney pahali baar 1816 mein iska varnan kiya, iska naam "orics algazel" rakhaa. taba seey namkaran mein vibhinn parivartan hue hain, jaise kii "orics taao", oh. leukorics, "oh. damma, "oh. dammah, "oh. bezoarticus, "aur" oh. ensecornis. 1826 mein, phillip jacob cretzshmar ney prajaati key liye "orics amma" naam kaa upayog kiya. ack saal baad, "orics leukorics" naam upayog mein aaya, lekin choonki yeh arabi orics (jise taba "orics betricks" kahaa jaataa thaa) kaa paryaay thaa, isaliye ise chhod diyaa gayaa, aur "orics algazel" koo ack baar phir seey sweekaar curr liya gayaa. 100 saal baad 1951 mein, surr johnn allerman aur terrence maurison-scott ney paaya kii "orics algazel" naam bhee upayog key liye ayogya thaa. anta mein, janwari 1956 mein, prani vigyaan namkaran key liye antarrashtriya nyaas ney vaigyaanik naam key roop mein "orics dammah" koo sweekaar curr liya. taba seey koee aur badalaav naheen kiya gayaa haye, halanki 1956 key baad prakaashit kaee patron ney "oh" jaise naamon kaa upayog karke bhram paida kiya. gajela taao.
iska vaigyaanik naam, "orics dammah", pracheen yunani (') seey liya gayaa haye, jiska arth haye ack gajel yaa mrig (mool roop seey ack picax); lattin' (girgit hiran yaa mrig); aur arabi "(bhed). skimmitter orics kaa naam isake seengon key liye rakhaa gayaa haye, joe skimmitter seey milate-julate hain. angreji mein iska aam naam "skimmitter-horn orics" yaa buss "skimmitter orics" haye.
aanuvanshiki aur vikas.
skimmitter orics mein 58 gunasutra hotey hain-ack jodee badey upa-upa-kendrik autosome aur 27 acrocentric autosomal jode. aiks aur vaaee gunasutra sabse badey aur sabse chhote accrosentrics hain. iss prajaati key pahale aanvik adhyayan (2007 mein prakaashit) mein europeeya, uttari americi aur kuchh anya bandee samoohon key beach aanuvanshik vividhata dekhi gaee. mitochondrial dee. aine. aeye. haplotype key bheetar vichalan paaya gayaa thaa, aur anuman lagaaya gayaa thaa kii yeh 2.1 aur 2.7 laakh saal pahale huaa thaa. jansankhya mein vriddhi lagbhag 12 aur 0.5 laakh varsh pahale hui thee.
ack anya adhyayan mein, "orics" prajaatiyon key beach aanuvanshik antar, "orics" prajaatiyon key cariotype aur upa-prajaatiyon-arthaat "oh" koo nott karane kaa irada haye. gajela, "oh. bee. beesa, "oh. bee. calotis, "oh. dammah ", aur" oh. leukorics kii tulanaa "boses vrishabh" key maanak caryotype seey kii gaee thee. sabhi caryotype mein autosome kii sankhya 58 thee. sabhi paanch prajaatiyon mein aiks aur vaaee gunasutra sanrakshit they.
bhautik vivaran.
skimmitter orics ack seedha seeng vaalaa mrig haye joe kandhe parr khadaa hotaa haye. purushon kaa vajan aur mahilaaon kaa vajan. shareer sir seey laker poonchh key aadhar taka maapata haye. poonchh lambi hoti haye aur ack tuft key saath samaapt hoti haye. way yaun roop seey dwiroop hain aur purush mahilaaon seey badey hotey hain.
iska coat safed hotaa haye aur chhaati laal-bhoore rung kii hoti haye aur maathe parr aur naak kii lambai key neeche kaale nishan hotey hain. coat soorya kii kiranon koo pratibimbit kartaa haye, jabaki kaale bhaag aur jeebh kii noke dhoop mein jalan seey suraksha pradaan karati haye. safed coat registan kii garmi koo pratibimbit karane mein madad kartaa haye. bachhade peele coat key saath paida hotey hain aur unamen vishisht nishan kii kamee hoti haye, joe baad mein jeevan mein dikhaai dete hain. 3-12 maheene kii umr mein unakaa pelaj vayask rung mein badal jaataa haye.
narr aur maadaa donon orics key seeng hotey hain, jisamen maadaa adhik patali hoti haye. seeng lambe, patale aur samamit hotey hain, aur peechhe kii or vakr (iss prajaati kii ack vishisht visheshta) hotey hain; way donon lingon mein pahunch sakate hain. seengon kii khokhali deevaaren itani patali hoti hain kii way aasaani seey toot sakati hain. mahila key ooda mein chaar teat hotey hain. inn mrigon koo unake sookhe awas kii rait parr chalane kii anumati dene key liye badey, faile khurr achchi tarah seey anukoolit hain. ack skimmitter orics 20 saal taka jeevit reh sakata haye. smithsonian rashtriya chidiyaghar mein, ack maadaa orics kii 21 saal kii umr mein mrityu hoe gaee, ack asadharan umr kyonki mahilaaon kaa jivankal aam taur parr lagbhag 15 saal hotaa haye.
roga aur parjivi.
skimmitter orics koo cryptosporidiosis seey sankramit kiya jaa sakata haye, joe kii filum epicomplexes mein "cryptosporidium" vansh key protozoa parjivi key kaaran honey vaali ack parjivi bimari haye. 2004 mein ack adhyayan seey pataa chalaa kii "see. paravum yaa isi tarah key jeev 155 standhari prajaatiyon koo sankramit karate hain, jinamen skimmitter orics bhee shamil haye. 2005 mein ack vishleshan mein 100 standhaariyon key mull key namoonon mein "cryptosporidium" parjivi paae gaye, jinamen skimmitter orics bhee shamil haye. riyadh mein chidiyaghar key bageeche seey ack nae parjivi, "imeria auricsa" key andakosh, ack skimmitter orics key mull mein paae gaye hain. france mein, "streptococcus euberis" koo pahali baar ack orics mein alag kiya gayaa thaa. yeh janwar mein vanaspati endocarditis kaa kaaran banaa thaa, jisase ghaatak hridaya viphalata hoe gaee thee.
paaristhitiki aur vyavhaar.
skimmitter orics ack bahut hii milansar janwar thaa aur aam taur parr ack pramukh bail key netritva mein dou seey 40 vyaktiyon key jhund mein yatra kartaa thaa. yeh prajaati ack baar pravaas key liye kaee hazaar key samoohon mein ekatra hui thee. aardr mausam key dauran, way uttar mein sahaara mein chaley gaye. skimmitter orics dainik hotey hain. subah aur shaam koo way pedon aur jhaadiyon key neeche aaraam karate hain, yaa yadi donon mein seey koee bhee upalabdh naheen haye, tou way apane khuron key saath mitty mein khudai karate hain aur vahaan aaraam karate hain. purush aksar ladate hain, lekin lambe samay taka naheen aur hinsak roop seey naheen. shikaar karane vaale, jaise shher, tendue, lakadbaggha, cheeta, sunhare siyar, giddh aur cape shikaar karane vaale kutte, jyaadaatar kamjor aur yuva orics koo maarte hain.
anukoolan.
ack chayapachaya key saath joe unake aavason mein prachalit uchch tapman parr kaary kartaa haye, skimmitter orics koo shareer seey garmi koo door karane mein madad karane key liye vashpikaran key liye cumm paani kii aavashyakta hoti haye, jisase way lambe samay taka paani key binaa reh sakate hain. way apane shareer key tapman koo paseene aanaa shuru karane seey pahale hii badhane dey sakate hain. paryaapt aapoorti key samay, orics mootra aur mull key madhyam seey taral padaarth key nuksan kaa upayog curr sakata haye taaki raat mein unake shareer key tapman koo cumm kiya jaa sakey, jisase agale dinn shareer key adhikatam tapman taka pahunchane seey pahale adhik samay mill sakey. way uchch tapman koo sahan curr sakate hain joe adhikansh standhaariyon key liye ghaatak hoga. unake paas maheen rakt vaahikaon kaa ack network hotaa haye joe hriday seey mastishk taka rakt leey jaataa haye, joe naak key maarg key karib seey gujarta haye, iss prakaar rakt koo mastishk taka pahunchane seey pahale thandaa karane kii anumati detaa haye, joe shareer key adhik garmi-samvedansheel angon mein seey ack haye.
aahar.
jangli mein skimmitter orics kaa nivaas sthaan maidan aur registan thaa, jahan way patte, ghaas, jadee-bootiyaan, jhaadiyan, raseele paudhe, faliyaan, rasdar jadein, kaliyaan aur phal khaate they. way binaa paani key 9-10 maheenon taka jeevit reh sakate hain kyonki unake gurde mootra seey paani key nuksan koo rokte hain-registan key aavason key liye ack anukoolan. way paani seey bharpur paudhon jaise jangli tarbooj ("citrulus colosynthis") aur "indigophera oblongifolia" aur "caparis decidua" kii pattedaar tahaniyon seey paani praapt curr sakate hain. raat mein yaa subah jaldi, way aksar "indigophera collutia" jaise paudhon kii khoj karate hain, joe ack hygroscopic sraav kaa utpaadan karate hain joe paani kii aavashyaktaon koo puuraa kartaa haye. way barish key baad "symbopogan sconenthus" jaisi tuft ghaas khaate hain, lekin way aam taur parr adhik swaadisht ghaas pasand karate hain, jaise kii "sancrus bifluorus", "panicum latum" aur "dectyloctanium egyptium". jaba shushk mausam shuru hotaa haye, tou way "babool radiana" key beej koo khaate hain, aur shushk mausam key dauran, way "panicum" (vishesh roop seey "panicum turgidam") aur "arishida" jaisi peedhi kii barahmasi ghaason parr nirbhar karate hain, aur "leptedinia" prajaati, "kaisiya italika", aur "cornulaca monkantha" jaise paudhon koo dekhate hain.
prajanan.
purush aur mahila donon hii 18-24 maheene kii umr mein yaun paripakvata taka pahunch jaate hain. march aur octuber key beach janm charam parr haye. jaba paryavaraniya sthitiyaan anukool hoti hain tou sambhog kii aavritti adhik hoti haye. chidiyagharon mein, sharad ritu mein purush yaun roop seey sabse adhik sakriya hotey hain. astrus chakr lagbhag 24 dinon taka chalata haye, aur mahilaaon koo vasant mein ack annovulatory avadhi kaa anubhav hotaa haye. janm key beach kii avadhi 332 dinon seey cumm hoti haye, joe darshaati haye kii skimmitter orics polyestrus haye.
detting ack sambhog vritt key madhyam seey kii jaati haye; purush aur mahila ack dusare key samanantar khade hotey hain, vipareet dishaaon mein hotey hain, aur phir ack dusare key chaaron or taba taka ghere rahate hain jaba taka kii mahila purush koo peechhe seey chadhane kii anumati naheen detee. yadi mahila sambhog karane key liye taiyar naheen haye, tou vaha bhaag jaati haye aur vipareet disha mein chakkar lagaati haye. garbhavati maadaaen ack saptah key liye jhund chhod detee hain, bachhade koo janm detee hain, aur apane prasavottar astrus key dauran phir seey saathi banaati hain; iss prakaar, way ack varsh mein ack bachhada paida curr sakati hain. garbhavastha lagbhag nau maheene taka chalati haye, jisake baad ack bachhada paida hotaa haye, jiska vajan hotaa haye. judvaan janm bahut durlabh hotey hain-ack adhyayan mein dekhe gaye janmon mein seey kewal 0.7%. janm key kuchh ghanton key bheetar maan aur bachhada donon mukhya jhund mein laut aatey hain. maadaa kuchh ghanton key liye jhund seey khud koo alag karati haye jabaki vaha bachhade kii dekhbhal karati haye. doodh chhodane kii shuruat saadhe teen maheene seey hoti haye, aur yuva lagbhag 14 saptah kii umr mein poori tarah seey swatantra hoe jaate hain.
nivaas aur vitaran.
ack samay mein simiter orics madhya uttar africa (vishesh roop seey niger aur chaad mein) kii ack sankeern patti mein ghaas key maidanon, ardh registanon aur registanon mein rahata thaa. yeh sahaara key kinaaron parr vyaapak thaa, mukhya roop seey upa-registan maidan mein, vaastavik registan aur sahel key beach ghaas vaale kshetra mein, ack aisaa kshetra jisamen vaarshik varsha hoti haye. 1936 mein, 10,000 skimmitter orics kaa ack jhund chaad key maidan kshetra mein dekhaa gayaa thaa. 1970 key dashak key madhya taka, chaad iss prajaati kii vishva kii 95 pratishat seey adhik aabaadi kaa ghar thaa.
sthiti aur sanrakshan.
navpashan uppluvial key baad, lagbhag 7500 seey 3500 eesaa poorv, "haraa sahaara" shushk hoe gayaa aur upayukt awas key nuksan key kaaran skimmitter orics kii aabaadi mein girawat aaney luggy. yeh una manushyon dwara aur adhik badhaa diyaa gayaa thaa joe isake maans aur seeng donon key liye skimmitter orics kaa shikaar karate they. uttari aabaadi 20veen shatabdi seey pahale hii lagbhag khou chuki thee. 20veen shatabdi key dauran ghodon aur agneyastron kii shuruat key saath, khanabdosh shikari aabaadi koo nasht karane mein saksham they. dakshini aabaadi mein girawat teji seey badhee kyonki europeeya logon ney iss kshetra mein basna shuru curr diyaa aur maans, khaal aur seeng kii trophy key liye unakaa shikaar karna shuru curr diyaa. dwiteeya vishva yuddh mein francisi bhagidari aur 1960 key dashak mein shuru hue chaad mein grih yuddh key kaaran bhojan key shikaar mein vriddhi key madhyam seey prajaatiyon mein bhaari kamee aaee haye. sadak hatyaa, paani key gaddhon (orics key sookhe mausam key bhojan sthaanon) key paas khanabdosh bastiyon, aur aasaan shikaar key liye maveshiyon aur agneyastron kii shuruat ney bhee sankhya mein kamee kii haye.
iucn ney algeria, burkina faso, chaad, misra, libia, maali, mauritania, moroco, niger, nigeria, senegal, sudan, tunisia aur paschimi sahaara mein vilupt honey vaale skimmitter orics koo soochibaddh kiya haye aur 2000 seey ise jangli mein vilupt honey key roop mein aanka haye. poore chaid aur niger mein vyaapak sarvekshanon key bavjood, 2001 seey 2004 taka saihal aur sahaara mein mrigon kaa pataa lagaane key prayaas mein chaid aur niger mein dekhane kii report apramaanit bunny hui haye. cumm seey cumm 1985 taka, 500 skimmitter orics key chaad aur niger mein jeevit rahane kaa anuman thaa, lekin 1988 taka, kewal kuchh hii loga jangal mein butch paae.
skimmitter orics key liye abb ack vaishvik bandee-prajanan karyakram maujood haye. 2015 mein, lagbhag 1,750 bandee prajanan karyakramon key hisse key roop mein prabandhit kiye gaye they; karyakram key charam parr, 11,000 taka texas key kheton mein rakhe gaye they aur 4,000 faras kii khaadi key arab raajyon mein aayojit kiye gaye they. punah parichay yojanaon mein tunisia mein bau-hedma rashtriya udyaan (1985), sidi toee rashtriya udyaan (1999) aur oaid decock rashtriya udyaan (1999) mein baad vaale jhund shamil hain; morakko mein saus-maasaa rashtriya udyaan (1995); aur senegal mein ferlo jeev abhayaranya (1998) aur guembul vanyajeev abhayaranya (1999).
chaad vartamaan mein sahaara sanrakshan kosh aur aboo dhaabi kii paryaavaran agency key samarthan seey ovaadi rime-audi achim khel bhandar mein prajaatiyon koo phir seey pesh karane kii pariyojana kaa netritva curr rhaa haye. 78, 000 varg kii. mee. parr-scotland key aakar key barabar-oudi rima oudi achim duniya key sabse badey sanrakshit kshetron mein seey ack haye. pahala samooh 2016 kii shuruat mein ack anukoolan ghere mein jaari kiya gayaa thaa aur phir barish key mausam mein poori tarah seey jangal mein jaari kiya gayaa thaa. usa samooh mein 21 janwar they, joe 2017 kii shuruat taka pahale hii ack bachhada paida curr chuke they, joe 20 seey adhik varshon key liye jangal mein pahala janm thaa. 21 janwari 2017 koo chhah purushon aur aathh mahilaaon key ack dusare samooh koo anukoolan ghere mein rakhaa gayaa thaa. ack bandee nasl samooh koo 2016 mein owadi rime-audi achim jeev abhayaranya key bheetar ack anukoolan ghere mein chhod diyaa gayaa thaa, phir ise jangal mein phir seey pesh kiya gayaa thaa. 2017 mein 21 atirikt vyaktiyon koo anukoolan parikshetra mein chhod diyaa gayaa thaa. sthanantarit kiye jaane vaale pahale logon koo 2016 mein jangal mein chhod diyaa gayaa thaa aur unhone apane aspas key vatavaran key liye achchi tarah seey anukoolit kiya haye. 2017 mein, 75 simitar-seeng vaale orics kaa ack aur jhund chaad key paryaavaran aur matsya paalan mantralaya aur sahaara sanrakshan kosh key netritva mein ack operation mein aaya. 2021 mein, 60 nae bachhadon kaa janm huaa, jisase jangli mein sankhya lagbhag 400 hoe gaee.
hampshire mein marwell chidiyaghar aur edinberg chidiyaghar ney bhee jaid. aiss. ell. key saath saajhedaari mein kaam kiya haye taaki bandee nasl key skimmitter orics koo unaki poorv praakritik shreniyon mein phir seey pesh karane mein madad mill sakey. tunisian punah parichay 1985 mein marwell aur edinberg chidiyagharon (jdsl dwara samanvit) seey 10 simiter orics key saath shuru huaa. 1999 aur 2007 mein, marwell ney apane poorv aitihaasik dayare key bheetar teen aur sanrakshit kshetron mein skimmitter orics key vimochan kaa samanvaya kiya.
sanskriti mein.
pracheen kaal.
pracheen misra mein, skimmitter orics koo paltu banaaya jaataa thaa aur niyantrit kiya jaataa thaa, sambhavatah dhaarmik samarohon key liye yaa bhojan key roop mein upayog kiya jaataa thaa. unhein "daud" kahaa jaataa thaa aur kaid mein unakaa paalan-poshan kiya jaataa thaa. pracheen rome mein, unhein paddox mein rakhaa jaataa thaa aur unhein course key liye istemal kiya jaataa thaa, aur ameer roman unhein khaate they. simiter orics sahelo-sahaara shikariyon kii pasandida khadaan thee. isaki chhipaai uchch gunavatta kii haye, aur riyo dee oro key raajaa ney madhya yug mein samkaaleen logon koo isase bunny 1,000 dhaalen bheji theen. taba seey, iska upayog rassiyon, harness aur kaathi banaane key liye kiya jaataa rhaa haye.
unicorn mithak.
ack seeng vaale unicorn kaa mithak ghayal skimmitter orics key darshan seey utpann hoe sakata haye; aristotal aur pliny dha elder kaa maanana thaa kii orics unicorn kaa "prototype" thaa. kuchh konon seey, orics mein dou key bajaay ack seeng prateet hoe sakata haye, aur yeh dekhate hue kii isake seeng khokhali huddy seey baney hotey hain jinhen phir seey ugaaya naheen jaa sakata haye, yadi ack skimmitter orics apane ack seeng koo khou detaa haye, tou apane shesh jeevan key liye isamen kewal ack hii seeng hotaa.
aadhunik samay.
2015 mein, portland, oregan mein rahane vaalaa ack skimmitter orics, peela naak, jangal park mein paidal chalane vaalon koo chaunka curr bhaag gayaa. agale dinn, vaha pakada gayaa aur ghar laut aaya.