
germany mein krishi

2021 mein, germany duniya bhar mein upabhokta unmukh krishi utpaadon kaa teesara sabse badaa ayatak aur niryaatak thaa, aur videshi utpadakon key liye abb taka kaa sabse mahatvapurna europeeya bajar thaa. khudra bajar kii pramukh visheshataaen samekan, bajar santripti, majboot pratispardha aur cumm keematen hain. germany europeeya sangh key kendra mein ack aakarshak aur laagat-kushal sthaan haye. jabaki kaee upabhokta moolya key prati bahut samvedansheel hotey hain, bajar kaee ameer upbhoktaon koo bhee pradaan kartaa haye joe dhana key liye moolya kii avadhaaranaon kaa paalan karate hain. yeye upabhokta uchch gunavatta vaale utpaadon kii talash curr rahey hain aur adhik keemat chukaane key liye taiyar hain. germany mein abhee bhee europe mein khaadya padarthon kii sabse cumm keematen hain, aur german nagrik apani aaya kaa kewal 14 pratishat bhojan aur peya padarthon parr kharch karate hain. khaadya padarthon kii cumm keematen discounters aur kiraane kii khudra bikri khand key beach uchch pratispardha kaa parinam hain.
itihas.
germany kii jalavaayu ney aitihaasik roop seey kathor sabjiyon (jaise salgam, pattagobhi aur pyaaj) key utpaadan key saath-saath jou key utpaadan koo bhee pasand kiya haye joe german vyanjanon mein parilakshit hotaa haye.
germany ney 1914 mein apani khaadya aapoorti kaa lagbhag ack tihai ayaat kiya. inn aayaton koo pratham vishva yuddh kii shuruat seey lakshit kiya gayaa thaa. 1915 mein 50 laakh sooaron kaa vadh kiya gayaa thaa aur berlin mein khaadya dange hue they. 1916 taka german bhojan koo sabhi raashan mein diyaa gayaa thaa aur 1916-7 kii sardiyon koo kohlrubenvinter key roop mein jaanaa jaane lagaa kyonki logon koo aam taur parr jaanvaron koo khilai jaane vaali shaljam khaane key liye majboor kiya jaataa thaa. mausam kharaab thaa aur shramshakti kii kamee thee. vyaapak kuposhan thaa. yuddh key baad bhojan mein aatmanirbharta praapt karane key liye bahut sankalp thaa, aur yeh lebensram neetiyon kaa ack mukhya srot thaa.
paschim germany mein kheton kii sankhya 1950 mein 16 laakh seey ghatkar 1990 mein 630,000 hoe gaee thee. purvi germany mein, jahaan 1960 key dashak mein samajwadi shasson key tahat kheton koo ekatrit kiya gayaa thaa, lagbhag 5,100 krishi utpaadan samooh they, jinamen ausatan 4,100 hectare krishi key tahat thaa. ekikaran key baad seey, lagbhag teen-chauthai saamoohik sahakaari samitiyon, saajhedaari yaa sanyukt-stock companiyon key roop mein baney hue hain. anya purvi german samoohon koo toda diyaa gayaa thaa, swaamitva mukhya roop seey una vyaktigat kisaanon koo vaapas curr diyaa gayaa thaa jinhen yuddh key baad unaki bhoomi kaa adhikaar diyaa gayaa thaa; yaa niji roop seey beche gaye they, joe lagbhag 14,000 niji khet bunn gaye they. 1990 kii ekikaran sandhi kii sharton ney poorv krishi bhoomi maalikon koo-soviyat kabje vaale adhikaariyon dwara jabt-unaki vishal yuddh poorv krishi sampadaon koo punah praapt karane seey roque diyaa. paschimi germany mein aur purvi germany mein nae nijikaran kiye gaye kheton mein, parivarik kheton kaa varchasva haye. 630, 000 kheton key liye, 750,000 purnakaalik karmchari hain. haalaanki, kaee aur anshakaalik karmchari bhee hain, aur adhikansh khet apane maalikon key purnakaalik vyavasaay kaa pratinidhitva naheen karate hain.
halanki kheton kii sankhya mein girawat aaee haye, vaastav mein adhik kushal utpaadan vidhiyon key madhyam seey utpaadan mein vriddhi hui haye. 1990 kii shuruat taka, ack ekal kisan pachahattar logon key liye paryaapt bhojan kaa utpaadan curr sakata thaa, joe 1950 yaa 1960 key dashak kii tulanaa mein kaheen adhik thaa.
utpaadan.
krishi utpaad kshetra-darr-kshetra bhinn hotey hain. uttari germany key samtal ilaakon mein aur vishesh roop seey purvi bhaagon mein, anaaj aur cheeni chukandar ugaaye jaate hain. kaheen aur, adhik pahaadi aur yahaan taka kii pahaadi ilaakon key saath, kisan sabjiyaan, doodh, suar kaa maans yaa gomans kaa utpaadan karate hain. lagbhag sabhi badey shahar falon key baagon aur sabji key kheton seey ghire hue hain. dakshini aur paschimi germany mein adhikansh nadee ghaatiyon mein, vishesh roop seey raain aur mukhya key saath, daakh kii baariyan hain. bear kaa utpaadan mukhya roop seey kiya jaataa haye, lekin vishesh roop seey bavaria mein naheen. sharaab kaa utpaadan mukhya roop seey hotaa haye, lekin vishesh roop seey naheen, reinland-palatinate mein.
2018 mein, germany ney 26.1 laakh tunn chukandar (duniya mein chautha sabse badaa utpaadak) kaa utpaadan kiya, joe cheeni aur ethanol kaa utpaadan kartaa haye; 20.2 laakh tunn gehuun (duniya mein 10vaan sabse badaa utpaadak); 9.5 laakh tunn jou (duniya mein teesara sabse badaa utpaadak, kewal roose aur france key baad), 8.9 laakh tunn aaloo (duniya mein 7vaan sabse badaa utpaadak); 36 laakh tunn rapeseed (duniya mein 6vaan sabse badaa utpaadak); 22 laakh tunn raaee (duniya mein doosara sabse badaa utpaadak); 19 laakh tunn tritical (duniya mein 16vaan sabse badaa utpaadak); 12 laakh tunn seb (duniya mein 12vaan sabse badaa utpaadak). isake alawa, 2018 mein, desh ney 33 laakh tunn makka aur anya krishi utpaadon kii chhoti paidawar kaa bhee utpaadan kiya, jaise kii pattagobhi (604 hazaar tunn), gaajar (625 hazaar tunn), jaee (577 hazaar tunn), pyaaj (409 hazaar tunn), aadi.
german krishi aur europeeya sangh.
1960 key dashak seey, german krishi neeti germany mein naheen balki europeeya sangh mein banaai gaee haye. sabhi krishi kaanoon aur niyam brussels mein likhe jaate hain, aksar khaadya utpaadak aur khaadya-khapat vaale raajyon key beach kathin baatchit key baad. una vaartaon kaa mukhya uddeshya kisaanon key liye uchch aaya praapt karna haye, jabaki bajar kii kimaton koo upabhokta virodh seey bachane key liye paryaapt cumm rakhna haye. iss antar koo puuraa karane key liye, ee. see. ney samanya krishi neeti (cap-dekhein shabdawali) subsidy karyakram aur niryaat subsidy karyakram koo apanaaya, joe donon german kisaanon key saath-saath anya ee. yuu. kisaanon koo labhanvit karate hain. badale mein, german kisaanon ney utpaadan kii gunavatta aur matra parr europeeya nirdeshon kaa paalan kiya haye. 
germany ney poshan ranneeti yojanaon key saath eu key khet koo kaante kii bhavna key saath apanaaya, eu khet mein ack rashtriya poshan ranneeti kii yojanaon key saath nus banaane key liye, german krishi mantri came özdemir aahar koo swasth aur adhik paudhe-adharit banaana chaahte hain, lekin kuchh kaa kahana haye kii prastaav yeh nirdhaarit curr rhaa haye kii loga kyaa khaa sakate hain aur kyaa naheen khaa sakate hain.

