
daffney oram

daffney blake oram (31 disambar 1925-5 janwari 2003) ack british sangeetkaar aur electronic sangeetkaar they. vaha electronic dhwani kaa utpaadan karane vaali pahali british sangeetkaron mein seey ack theen, aur britten mein sangeet sangeet kii ack praarambhik abhyaasak theen. bee. bee. see. radiophonic karyashala kii saha-sansthaapak key roop mein, vaha british electronic sangeet key vikas key liye kendriya theen. 1961 kii film 'dha emmonents' parr unake binaa maanyata praapt scoring kaam ney electronic soundtrack kaa netritva karane mein madad kii.
oram, kheenchi gaee dhwani kaa upayog karke electronic dhwaniyaan banaane key liye oramics takneek key nirmaata they. ack sangeet navpravartak honey key alawa, vaha swatantra roop seey ack vyaktigat electronic sangeet studio kaa nirdeshan karane aur sthaapit karane vaali pahali mahila theen, aur ack electronic sangeet vaadyayantra kaa design aur nirmaan karane vaali pahali mahila theen. apani pustak "sangeet, dhwani aur electronics kaa ack vyaktigat nott" (1971) mein unhone dhwani key bhautiki seey sambandhit daarshanik vishayon kaa pataa lagaaya.
praarambhik jeevan aur shiksha.
oram kaa janm james aur idaa oram key ghar 31 disambar 1925 koo wiltshire, ingland mein huaa thaa. ladkiyon key liye sherbourne school mein shikshit, vaha cumm umr seey hii piano aur anga key saath-saath sangeet rachana bhee padhaati theen. unake pitaa 1950 key dashak mein wiltshire puraatatva samaaj key adhyaksh they. unakaa bachpan kaa ghar avebury key patthar key vritton key 10 meal key bheetar aur stonehange seey 20 meal kii doori parr thaa.
carrier.
bee. bee. see. mein kaam karein.
1942 mein, oram koo sangeet key shaahi mahavidyalaya mein ack sthaan kii peshkash kii gaee thee, lekin isake bajaay unhone bbc mein ack junier studio engineer aur "sangeet santulan" key roop mein ack pada sambhala. unaki naukari kii jimmedariyon mein seey ack poorv-record kiye gaye sanskaran key saath live sangeet karyakramon koo "chhaaya" karna thaa taaki "dushman kii kaarravaai" seey baadhit honey parr prasaran jaari rahey. anya naukari kartavyon mein radio show key liye dhwani prabhaav banaana aur prasaran staron koo jodana shamil thaa. iss avadhi key dauran vaha synthetic dhwani mein vikas key baare mein jagrook hoe gaeen aur tape recorder key saath prayog karna shuru curr diyaa. aksar ghanton key baad rahane key baad, vaha dair raat taka tape recorder key saath prayog karane key liye jaani jaati thee. usane tape parr aavaazen record keen, aur phir kaatin, splies keen aur loop keen, unhein dheema curr diyaa, gati badhaai, aur unhein peechhe kii or bajaaya.
unhone 1940 key dashak mein sangeet kii rachana mein bhee samay diyaa, jisamen "still point" naamak ack orchestra kaary bhee shamil thaa. yeh turntables, "double orchestra" aur paanch microphone key liye ack abhinav tukada thaa. kaee loga "abhee bhee bindu" koo pahali rachana maanate hain joe live electronic herfer key saath dhwanik orchestration koo jodati haye. bee. bee. see. dwara aswikar kiya gayaa aur kabhi pradarshan naheen kiya gayaa, "still point" 70 varshon taka ansuna rhaa, 24 juuna 2016 koo shiv feshareki aur landan key samkaaleen orchestra ney pahali baar iska pradarshan kiya. antim score kii khoj key baad, "still point" key sanshodhit sanskaran kaa premiere 23 julaai 2018 koo landan mein "promes" mein sangeetkaar shiv feshareki aur james bulle dwara kiya gayaa thaa-jinhone landan key samkaaleen orchestra key saath-saath oram key notes key baad rachana kaa ehsas kiya.
1950 key dashak mein, unhein ack sangeet studio prabandhak banane key liye padonnat kiya gayaa thaa. peris mein aar. tii. aff. studio kii yatra key baad, unhone bbc key liye electronic sangeet aur sangeet takneekon kaa upayog karke, dhwaniyon aur sangeet kii rachana key liye electronic sangeet suvidhaaen pradaan karane key liye abhiyaan shuru kiya, taaki isaki prograaming mein upayog kiya jaa sakey. 1957 mein unhein "amphitrian 38" naatak key liye sangeet rachana karane key liye niyukt kiya gayaa thaa. unhone iss tukade koo ack saain wave ausilator, ack tape recorder aur kuchh swa-design kiye gaye filter kaa upayog karke banaaya, jisase bee. bee. see. key itihas mein pahala poori tarah seey electronic score utpann huaa. saathi electronic sangeetkaar aur bee. bee. see. key sahayogi desmond brisco key saath, unhein kaee anya karyon key liye commission milna shuru hoe gayaa, jisamen saimuel becket key "aul dha faul" (1957) kaa ack mahatvapurna utpaadan shamil thaa. jaise-jaise inn electronic dhwaniyon kii maang badhee, bee. bee. see. ney 1958 kii shuruat mein bee. bee. see. radiophonic karyashala sthaapit karane key liye oram aur brisco koo ack bajat diyaa, jahan vaha pahali studio prabandhak theen. karyashala nigam key sabhi output key liye dhwani prabhaav aur vishay sangeet banaane parr kendrit thee, jisamen radio comedy shrinkhala "gundo show" key liye vigyaan kathaa dharavahik "quatermass aind dha pitt" (1958-59) aur "mejar bloodnock 'sus pett" shamil they.
octuber 1958 mein, oram koo bee. bee. see. dwara brussels worled key melle mein "journal international dee music experimentail" koo bheja gayaa thaa (jahaan edgard verus ney apane "poem alectronic" kaa pradarshan kiya thaa). apane samkaaleenon dwara nirmit kuchh karyon koo sunane key baad aur bee. bee. see. sangeet vibhaag dwara electronic rachana koo unaki gatividhiyon key agrabhumi mein dhakelane seey lagaatar incar karane seey nakhush honey key baad, unhone karyashala key khulane key ack saal seey bhee cumm samay baad bee. bee. see. seey istifa dene kaa faisala kiya, iss ummeed mein kii vaha apani takneekon koo aur vikasit curr sakati hain.
1965 mein, oram ney kalaa kii shaahi akadami mein rashtramandal pradarshani key khajaane key liye "puls persphone" kaa utpaadan kiya.
film.
oram ney "dow." key dhwani-crum key liye pramukh electronic dhwaniyaan pradaan keen. naheen" (1962) unake chhah minut key kaam "antariksh mein paramanu" seey, lekin unhein film mein shreya naheen diyaa gayaa thaa. inn dhwaniyon kaa upayog james bonned filmon dwara "goldfinger" (1964) taka kiya gayaa thaa. oram ney "snow" (1963) key soundtrack mein dhwaniyaan bhee jodee, joe geophrey johns dwara ack laghu vrittachitra haye. snow" kii safalata key baad, unhone phir seey johns key saath kaam kiya aur unhein "rail" (1967) key electronic upchaar (sangeet) kaa shreya diyaa jaataa haye.
oramics.
1959 mein bee. bee. see. chhodane key turant baad, oram ney tower folly mein electronic rachana key liye apane oramics studio sthaapit karna shuru curr diyaa, joe kent key rotham key paas faircit mein ack parivartit ost house thaa.
oramics ack kheenchi gaee dhwani takneek haye jisamen seedhe 35 mimi film stock parr chitra banaana shamil haye. film strips mein taraashe gaye aakar aur designs koo photo-electric koshikaon dwara padhaa jaataa haye aur dhwaniyon mein badal diyaa jaataa haye. oram key anusaar, "pratyek baarikiyon, vakyansh kii pratyek sookshmata, pratyek swar shrenikaran yaa pitch kaa parivartan kewal likhit roop mein parivartan seey sambhav honah chaahiye."oramics takneek aur dhwani kii baarikiyon parr niyantran kaa lachilaapan sangeet utpaadan key liye ack poori tarah seey nayaa aur abhinav drishtikon thaa. vittiya dabaav kaa matlab thaa kii ack vaanijyik sangeetkaar key roop mein unake kaam koo banaae rakhna aavashyak thaa, aur oramics pranali parr unake kaam ney radiophonic karyashala kii tulanaa mein ack vyaapak seema koo cover kiya. unhone naa kewal radio aur television key liye sangeet kaa nirmaan kiya, balki rangmanch, laghu vaanijyik filmon, dhwani pratishthanon aur pradarshaniyon key liye bhee sangeet kaa nirmaan kiya. iss studio key anya karyon mein jack clayton kii daravani film "dha masoom" (1961) key liye electronic dhwaniyaan, "chaar pahaluon" (1960) sahit sangeet karyakram key kaam aur opera sangeetkaar thaa musgrave aur ivor wallsworth key saath sahyog shamil they.
farwari 1962 mein, unhein oramics pranali key vikas kaa samarthan karane key liye gulbenkian foundation seey £3,550 () kaa anudan diyaa gayaa thaa. 1, 000 pound kaa doosara gulbenkian anudan 1965 mein diyaa gayaa thaa. machine kaa upayog karke pahali poori tarah seey kheenchi gaee dhwani rachana, jiska sheershak "contrasts assonic" thaa, 1963 mein darj kii gaee thee. jaise hii oramics shodh vikasit huaa, oram kaa dhyaan sookshm baarikiyon aur sonic maapdandon key beach baatchit parr kendrit hoe gayaa. oramics key iss charan mein, unhone maanav kaana key gair-raikhik vyavhaar aur duniya key baare mein mastishk kii ashanka kii dhaarana key liye apane dhwani shodh koo lagu kiya. unhone compansheel ghatnaaon kaa adhyayan karane key liye oramics kaa upayog kiya, jise "vaanijyik oramics" aur "rahasyamay oramics" mein vibhajit kiya gayaa."apane tippaniyon mein, oram ney oramics koo" dhwani aur jeevan key saath isake sambandh key adhyayan key roop mein paribhaashit kiya."
1980 key dashak mein oram ney aar. vee. doubleu. (ralf waghan williams) trust seey praapt anudan dhana kaa upayog karke acorn archimedies computer key liye oramics key ack software sanskaran key vikas parr kaam kiya. vaha apane "rahasyamay oramics" shodh koo jaari rakhna chaahati thee, lekin dhana kii kamee ney iss pariyojana koo poori tarah seey sakar honey seey roque diyaa.
likhit kritiyaan.
apane poore currier mein, oram ney electronic sangeet aur studio takneekon parr vyakhyan diyaa. unaki pustak, "sangeet, dhwani aur electronics kaa ack vyaktigat nott" (1971), dhwani key bhautiki aur daarshanik tareeke seey electronic sangeet key udbhav kii jaanch karati haye. disambar 2016 mein ack nayaa sanskaran prakaashit kiya gayaa thaa.
1970 key dashak key anta mein, oram ney ack doosari pustak shuru kii, joe pandulipi mein jeevit haye, jiska sheershak haye "ateet kii dhwani-ack pratidhwanit atkalen". iss pandulipi mein vaha puraataatvik dhwaniki parr anuman lagaati haye, aur shodh dwara samarthit ack siddhant prastut karati haye joe bataati haye kii navpashan kaksh vaale tealey aur misra mein patthar key khoonte aur mahaan pyramid jaise pracheen sthalon kaa upayog anunaad key roop mein kiya gayaa thaa. unhone kahaa kii unake shodh seey pataa chalata haye kii pracheen kaal key logon koo lambi doori key sanchaar mein dhwani key gunon key baare mein teevra gyaan hoe sakata haye.
mrityu.
1990 key dashak mein, oram koo dou stroke kaa saamana karna padaa aur unhein kaam karna bund karane key liye majboor honah padaa, baad mein ack nursing home mein chaley gaye. 5 janwari 2003 koo 77 varsh kii ayu mein unakaa nidhan hoe gayaa.
sangrah.
oram kii mrityu key baad unake jeevan key kaam seey sambandhit ack badaa sangrah sangeetkaar hyug davis koo diyaa gayaa. jaba 2005 mein unaki mrityu hoe gaee, tou yeh samagri dhwani kalaa network koo hastaantarit curr dee gaee. 2008 mein yeh sangrah landan vishvavidyalaya key swarnakaron key paas gayaa aur abb ise pustakalaya mein swarnakaron key vishesh sangrah aur abhilekhagar key bheetar rakhaa gayaa haye, jahaan yeh saarvajanik pahunch aur chala rahey shodh key liye khula haye. sangrah kaa shubharambh dakshin tata kendra mein ack sangoshthi aur sangeet karyakramon kii ack shrinkhala key saath manaaya gayaa. isamen humm jaise sangeet kolaj kalakar dwara sangrah seey samagri key nae punarnirmit sanskaranon kaa ack sangeet karyakram shamil thaa.
2007 mein, unake sangeet kaa ack sankalan, jiska sheershak "oramics" thaa, jaari kiya gayaa thaa.
2008 mein, oram key jeevan parr ack bee. bee. see. radio 3 vrittachitra "ravivaar kii visheshta" strand key hisse key roop mein prasaarit kiya gayaa thaa, jiska sheershak thaa "vee haiv sound-house".
viraasat.
radiophonic karyashala mein unake kaam ney bhee delia dair key liye maarg prashast karane mein madad kii, joe 1960 mein bee. bee. see. mein aaeen aur baad mein mool "doctor huu" theem sangeet kaa saha-nirmaan kiya.
unhone apane lekhan mein sangeet darshan koo aage badhaaya, aur dhwani aur anunaad aavrittiyon key sambandh mein maanav tatva parr vichaar karane key liye samay samarpit kiya. apani adhuri pandulipi mein, "ateet kii dhwani, ack pratidhwanit atkalen", unhone abhinirdhaarit kiya kii pracheen sabhyataon ney ise atyadhik vikasit star taka kiya hoga. surr george travellion koo likhe ack patra mein oram ney ummeed jataai kii oramics parr unakaa vyaapak kaam aise beej lagaayega joe 21veen sadee mein paripakva honge.
canterbury christ church vishvavidyalaya mein daffney oram rachanaatmak kalaa bhawan 2019 mein khola gayaa thaa.
"shraddhanjali" parr click karein.
2012 key apane pahale show mein, bee. bee. see. television praudyogiki karyakram, "click" mein daffney oram aur usake synthesizer key baare mein ack tukada dikhaaya gayaa thaa, joe mukhya roop seey vigyaan sangrahalaya, landan mein electronic sangeet key itihas parr ack saal kii pradarshani key dauran teen-bhaag vaali oramics machine dwara pradarshit kiya gayaa thaa. isane machine koo ack badey pradarshan cabinet mein sthaapit kiya huaa dikhaaya, aur bataaya kii kaise isaki najuk sthiti key kaaran khelna sambhav naheen thaa. haalaanki, machine kaa ack samvaadaatmak, aabhaasi sanskaran banaaya gayaa haye, joe agantukon koo apani rachanaaen banaane kii anumati detaa haye. karyakram ney oram key sangrah footage koo oramics banane kii prakriya kaa varnan karate hue dikhaaya, jisamen usey sangeet 'drying' karate hue dikhaaya gayaa, phir usaki machine bajaai gaee. yeh rachana poori tarah seey sakaratmak thee aur usey electronic sangeet key 'gumnam naayak' key roop mein varnit kiya.
"daffney oram kii dhwani kii adbhut duniya.
"daffney oram kii dhwani kii adbhut duniya" ack aisaa naatak haye joe oram key jeevan aur currier kaa vivaran detaa haye. ise yuva aur trone theatre key khoon seey prastut kiya gayaa thaa. iss naatak kaa premiere 9 maee 2017 koo glassgo mein huaa aur maee 2017 seey juuna 2017 taka scotland kaa daura kiya. iss naatak koo isobel emcarther dwara likhaa gayaa thaa aur paul brotherston dwara nirdeshit kiya gayaa thaa. ise ack scotish electronic dhwani kalakar eneke campman dwara live-score kiya gayaa thaa.
oram puraskar.
oram puraskaron kaa shubharambh pee. aar. aiss. foundation aur naee bee. bee. see. radiophonic karyashala dwara "sangeet, dhwani aur sambandhit praudyogikiyon key kshetra mein ubharate kalakaron koo daffney oram key sammaan mein, aur sangeet aur dhwani mein anya agrani mahilaaon kaa jashn manaane key liye kiya gayaa thaa."udghaatan oram puraskar 3 julaai 2017 koo praayogik sangeet aur dhwani key dolan utsav key ack hisse key roop mein marget mein turner samkaaleen mein hue. dou mahila navpravartakon koo £1,000 kaa uchchatam puraskar milaa, jabaki chhah anya mahila navpravartakon koo £500 milaa.