
pratham ulcbads

pahala alsibiades, jise alsibiades mejar key roop mein bhee jaanaa jaataa haye aur jise alsibiades aaee () key roop mein sankshipt kiya jaataa haye, ack samvaad haye joe plato key liye jimmedaar haye, jisamen alsibiades key saath baatchit mein socretis koo darshaaya gayaa haye.
samagri.
prastaavana mein alsibiades koo ack mahatvakankshi yuvak key roop mein varnit kiya gayaa haye joe saarvajanik jeevan mein pravesh karane key liye utsuk haye. usey apane achche roop, mahaan janm, kaee doston, sampatti aur ethanian raajya key netaa pericals key saath apane sambandh parr behad garv haye. alsibiads key kaee prashansak hain aur unake kaee premi they, lekin way sabhi usaki thandak seey darkar bhaag gaye hain. apane premiyon mein seey pahale vyakti socrets they, lekin unhone kaee varshon seey unase baat naheen kii haye. abb vriddh vyakti ethanian sabhaa key saamane khud koo prastut karane seey pahale apane prashnon key saath yuvaaon kii madad karane kii koshish kartaa haye. baaki samvaad key liye sukaraat kaee karanon koo samajhaate hain kii alsibiads koo unaki aavashyakta kyon haye. alsibiades aaee" key anta taka, yuva socretis key tark seey bahut raaji hoe jaate hain, aur unhein apane maargdarshak key roop mein sweekaar karate hain.
way jiss vishay mein pravesh karate hain vaha rajneeti kaa saar haye-yuddh aur shaanti. socretis kaa daavaa haye kii logon koo nyaay key aadhar parr ladanaa chaahiye, lekin unhein sandeh haye kii nyaay key baare mein alsibiads koo koee jaankaari haye. socretis key poochtaachh seey prerit hocker, alsibiads sweekaar karate hain kii unhone kabhi bhee kissy guru seey nyaay kii prakriti naheen seekhi haye aur naa hii khud seey isaki khoj kii haye.
alsibiades kaa sujhaav haye kii rajneeti nyaay key baare mein naheen haye, balki samichinta key baare mein haye aur donon siddhanton kaa virodh kiya jaa sakata haye. sukaraat usey samajhaata haye kii vaha galat haye, aur nyaay key binaa koee auchitya naheen haye. apamaanit yuva sweekaar kartaa haye kii vaha rajneeti key baare mein kuchh naheen jaanata haye.
baad mein alsibiades kaa kahana haye kii vaha apani agyaantaa key baare mein chintit naheen hain kyonki anya sabhi ethanian rajneta agyaani hain. sukaraat usey yaad dilaata haye kii usake sachche pratidvandi sparta aur faras key raajaa hain. way inn videshi shasakon kii saavdhaanipoorvak shiksha, gauravshali shakti aur advitiya samriddhi key baare mein ack lamba vyakhyan dete hain. alsibiades key pair thhande parh jaate hain joe kii thheek sukaraat key bhaashan kaa uddeshya thaa.
isake baad samaaj key niyamon key baare mein aage sawal uthaane key saath baatchit aage badhati haye. socretis ney alsibiades key vichaaron mein kaee virodhabhason kii or ishara kiya. baad mein way sahmat hotey hain kii aadami koo prasiddh delphic vakyansh kii salah kaa paalan karna haih "gnothy seuton" jiska arth haye khud koo jaanana. way charcha karate hain kii manushya kaa "shaasak siddhant" shareer naheen balki aatma haye. kissy kaa sachcha premi apani aatma seey pyaar kartaa haye, jabaki shareer kaa premi yuvavastha key lupt hotey hii uda jaataa haye. iss sakretis key saath yeh saabit hotaa haye kii vaha alsibiads kaa ekmatra sachcha premi haye. "aaj seey aage, mujhe aapka anusaran karna chaahiye aur karunga, jaisa kii aapane meraa anusaran kiya haye; main shishya houunga, aur aap merey swami honge", yuvaaon ney ghoshana kii. way milkar alsibiades key charitra koo behtar banaane key liye kaam karenge kyonki kewal gunee logon koo hii shasson karane kaa adhikaar haye. atyachari shakti vyaktiyon kaa uddeshya naheen honah chaahiye, balki loga ack varishth dwara adesh diye jaane koo sweekaar karate hain.
antim vaakya mein socretis apani aashaa vyakt kartaa haye kii alsibiades baney rahenge, lekin usey darr haye kyonki raajya kii shakti una donon key liye "bahut adhik" hoe sakati haye.
pramanikta.
pracheen kaal mein "alsibiades aaee" koo platonic darshan seey parichit karaane key liye sabse achchha paath maanaa jaataa thaa aur isaki pramanikta parr kabhi sandeh naheen kiya gayaa thaa. yeh 19veen shatabdi taka naheen thaa jaba german vidwan friedrich schleirmaker ney plato key liye aavedan key khilaf tark diyaa thaa. baad mein isaki lokpriyata mein girawat aaee. haalaanki, shaileegat shodh plato key lekhakatva kaa samarthan kartaa haye, aur kuchh vidvaanon ney haal hii mein isaki pramanikta kaa bachaav kiya haye.
detting.
paaramparik roop seey, "pratham alsibiades" koo ack praarambhik samvaad maanaa gayaa haye. gerard lazer key shaileegat vishleshan ney iss parampara kaa samarthan kiya, joe 390 key dashak key kaam kaa samay haye. pratidvandi premiyon" kii pramanikta kaa samarthan karate hue, julia annas ney donon samvaadon koo vichaaron kii neenv rakhane key roop mein dekhaa joe baad mein "aakarshan" mein vikasit honge.
baad mein detting kaa bhee bachaav kiya gayaa haye. nicolaus denner kaa sujhaav haye kii yeh 350 eesaa poorv mein likhaa gayaa thaa, jaba plato, athens mein vaapas, syracuse key dionysius dwiteeya (jaisa kii humm unhein "saatven patra" seey jaanate hain) aur elsibiades key beach samaantaon parr pratibimbit curr sakata thaa-dou yuva purush darshan mein ruchi rakhate hain lekin unaki mahatvakanksha aur doshpurna praarambhik shiksha seey samjhauta karate hain. iss parikalpana key liye iss baare mein sandeh kii aavashyakta hoti haye kii jise aamtaur parr platonic shailimiti kaa ekmatra nishchit parinam maanaa jaataa haye, chhah samvaadon mein antaral seey bachane key liye plato kii chihnit pravritti vyaapak roop seey usa avadhi mein banaai gaee haye jisake liye aswikar karane vaale "pahale alsibiades" ("timeus", "critias", "sophist", "statesman", "philabus", aur "low") koo assign karate hain.
pratham alsibiades" kii bhashai visheshtaon mein bhaag lene key kathin muddon kaa ack samjhauta samadhan bhee iss parikalpana mein manga gayaa haye kii samvaad kaa pahala dou-tihai bhaag platonic akadami key kuchh anya sadasya dwara likhaa gayaa thaa, jinake prayason koo plato ney swayam apane madhya-kaal key anta mein puuraa kiya thaa.
aar.aiss. bluck, halanki samvaad kii pramanikta key khilaf pichhale tarkon seey aprabhaavit, asthaayi roop seey plato key jeevan key anta key baad kii tarikh kaa sujhaav detaa haye, lagbhag 343/2 BC, vishesh roop seey "ailsibiyeds" aur abhijaat varg key shuruati karyon key beach ack hadataali samanantarta key saath-saath kuchh anya rachanaaen joe shayed baad vaale key samaan avadhi seey sambandhit hain."

