
borah gufaayen

borah gufaayen "(borah guhalu)" bhaarat key purvi tata parr, aandhr pradesh mein alluri sitaram raju jile kii arku ghaati (pahaadi shrinkhalaon kii oonchaai key saath) kii anantgiri pahaadiyon mein sthit hain. desh kii sabse badee gufaaon mein seey ack, lagbhag ack oonchaai parr, vibhinn prakaar key vishisht roop seey aakar aur aniyamit aakar key stalactite aur stalagmite pradarshit karati haye. gufaayen mool roop seey carstick choona patthar kii sanrachanaaen hain joe gaharaai taka faili hui hain, aur inhen bhaarat kii sabse gahari gufaayen maanaa jaataa haye.
inn gufaaon kaa mool naam "borah guhalu" haye, jahan telugu bhasha mein "borah" kaa arth haye pett mein aur "guhalu" kaa arth haye gufaayen.
vyutpatti.
borah mool uttar aur aandhr bolly mein telugu shabd haye jiska arth haye chhed (maanak telugu mein 'boria').
kinvadanti.
gufaaon kii khoj parr, kaee kinvadantiyaan hain, joe adivasiyon (jatapu, porja, kondora, nukdora, valmiki aadi) key hain.) joe gufaaon key aspas key gaanvon mein rahate hain, way bataate hain. lokpriya kinvadanti yeh haye kii gufaaon key sheersh parr charati hui ack gaay chhat mein ack chhed key madhyam seey gir gaee. gaay kii khoj karate hue charwaha gufaaon mein aaya. unhein gufa key ander ack patthar milaa joe ack lingam jaisa dikhta thaa, jise unhone bhagwan shiv key roop mein vyakhya kii joe gaay kii raksha karate they. gaanv key loga jinhone kahani sunee thee, unhone iss parr vishvaas kiya aur taba seey unhone gufa key baahar bhagwan shiv key liye ack chhota saa mandir banaaya haye. loga pooja key liye mandir aur gufa mein ling kii ack jhalak paane key liye aatey hain.
ack anya geetaatmak kathaa yeh haye kii hindu bhagwan shiv kaa pratinidhitva karane vaalaa shivling gufaaon mein gaharaai mein paaya jaataa haye aur jisake oopar ack gaay (sanskritah kamdhenu) kaa patthar kaa gathan hotaa haye. yeh anuman lagaaya jaataa haye kii iss gaay kaa oodabilaav gosthani (sanskritah gaay kaa oodabilaav) nadee kaa srot haye joe yahaan seey nikalati haye, bhimanipatnam key paas bangal kii khaadi mein khaali honey seey pahale vijaynagaram aur visakhapatnam jilon seey hocker bahati haye.
bhugol aur jalavaayu.
yeye gufaayen anantgiri pahaadi shrinkhala kii arku ghaati mein sthit hain aur gosthani nadee seey bahati hain. pravesh parr, gufa kshaitij aur urdhvaadhar roop seey maapati haye. gufaaon mein stalagmite aur stalactite sanrachanaaen paaee jaati hain.
arku pahaadiyon kaa ausat vaarshik tapman, jahan gufaayen sthit hain, lagbhag haye. ausat vaarshik varsha (jyaadaatar poorvottar mansoon key dauran hoti haye) darj kii jaati haye. gosthani nadee visakhapatnam shahar koo paani kii aapoorti pradaan karati haye.
bhoovigyaan.
purvi ghaaton key gatishil kshetra mein kshetriya bhoovigyaan, jahan gufaayen sthit hain, arcan yug kii chattanon key khondalite soot (garniferous sillimanite neeses, quartzo-feldatic garnet neeses) dwara darshaaya jaataa haye. chaturthak jamaa mein laal tala talchhat, laterite, pediment pankhe, coluvium, jalodh aur tateey rait shamil hain.
aarakshit vann kshetra kii gufaayen mool roop seey vibhinn aakaron aur aniyamit aakar key stalactite aur stalagmite kii vibhinn prakaar kii vishishtataon kii mejbani karati hain. carbonate chattaanen shuddh safed hoti hain, aur motey kristaliya hotey hain aur vikrit aur pattedaar sangamarmar ack trikoniya kshetra koo cover karate hain; joe diopside-scapolite-feldspar calls-granulites seey ghiraa hotaa haye. pyroxanite key bahirgaman kaale aur badey hotey hain aur isamen asantat calls-silicate baind, kuchh bhoore abhrak aur anya calcite key saath shamil hotey hain.
gathan.
gosthani nadee, joe inn gufaaon seey nikalati haye aur carbic choone key pattharon key nirmaan mein thhos stambhon aur stambhon key beach bahati haye, sanrachanaon key visham aakaron key vikas kaa kaaran haye. gufaaon kii chhat seey risne vaalaa paani choona patthar koo bhang curr detaa haye aur gufa kii chhat parr stalactite banaane key liye boond-boond giraata haye aur phir jameen parr tapakata huaa stalagmite bunn jaataa haye. inn bhandaron ney gufaaon key ander shiv-paarvati, maan-bachche, rishi kii daadhi, maanav mastishk, mashroom, magarmachcha, mandir, church aadi jaise dilchasp roopon aur sanrachanaon mein vikas kiya haye. inn aakritiyon ney paryatakon kii kalpana koo aakarshit kiya haye, jabaki kuchh koo dhaarmik vyakhya dee gaee haye.
gufaaon mein sanrachanaaen.
gufaayen gahari aur poori tarah seey apraakritik hain. gufaaon mein ack kshetra haye jahan seemit prakaash pravesh kartaa haye. gufaaon mein dekhe jaane vaale stambh lagbhag lambai mein hain jabaki stambh lambe hain aur stambh oonchaai aur chaudaai mein hain. gufa kii oonchaai aur lambai lagbhag haye. bheetari gufa deewaar kaa ausat tapman lagbhag bataaya gayaa haye. gufa maargon mein sulfur key jharane nikalate hain jisase choona patthar kaa ksharan hotaa haye. vasant kaa paani tairate hue shleshma jaise biophilm pradarshit kartaa haye.
yeye ghaney narangi sookshmajeev chataai (motee) hain jinamen peele jaiv film key dhabbe hain joe aphotic gahari gufa key chhidra seey faile hue hain.
jabaki gufaayen mool roop seey choona patthar kii sanrachanaaen hain, inke aspas kaa kshetra abhrak sanrachanaon kaa haye joe maanik jaise keemati pattharon key liye sambhaavit hain.
gufaaon mein puraataatvik kalaakritiyaan (purapashan kaal key upkaran) paaee gaee hain. aandhr vishvavidyalaya key puraatatvidon dwara gufaaon mein kii gaee khudai mein 30,000 seey 50,000 saal purani madhya purapashan sanskriti key patthar key aujaaron kaa pataa chalaa haye, joe maanav nivaas kii pushti karate hain.
utpatti.
gufaaon mein paae jaane vaale speliotham carbonate vaigyaanik adhyayanon key adheen hain. fluviatal, spring, gufa aur mitty key vatavaran mein sookshmajeev carbonate mahatvapurna hain. gufaaon mein banane vaale jaiv filmon aur/yaa sookshmajeev chataai mein, bacteria, vishesh roop seey sinobacteria, chhote shaiwal aur kavak seey judey pramukh jeev hain. ack patale khand key petrographic vishleshan ney lithified sanrachanaon aur micrite kii upasthiti kaa khulasa kiya haye, joe chocolet-braun blubs key saath thakke key roop mein maujood haye. yeye aadhunik aur pracheen stromatolic carbonate mein dekhe jaane vaale sookshmajeevon key samaan hain. scanning electron microscope (same) key saath prayogshala tippaniyon ney bhee calcified bacteria, micro-rodd aur suee calcite kii upasthiti kii pushti kii haye. carbonic chataai (peele-narangi rung kii) khanij philamentus bacteria, bacteria key danthal, koshikaon aur aavaran seey bunny hoti hain. iss prakaar, inn adhyayanon ney sanket diyaa haye kii sookshmajeevon ney borah gufaaon key speliothems kii utpatti koo sakriya roop seey prabhaavit kiya haye.
javic vatavaran.
sookshm jeev.
gufa key nirmaan parr chataai mein sookshmajeevon key prabhaav aur lauh khanij varsha parr unaki bhoomika kaa aage adhyayan kiya gayaa haye. ack report lauh-samriddh chataai key gathan aur lauh avakshepit bacteria key beach ack kadee kaa sanket detee haye.
jeev aur vanaspati.
gufaaon mein dekhe jaane vaale jeev mukhya roop seey chamgaadad hain, saath hii saath golden geko bhee hain. batakh kaa prakaar poorna phal vaalaa chamgaadad ("rusetus lationaulty") haye-ack prajaati joe badee gufaaon, purani imaraton, kalkothri aur puraane kilon key kaale kshetron mein rahati haye. iss prajaati kii chhoti aur patali maanspeshiyaan badee, achchi tarah seey vikasit aankho key saath hoti hain. way phool aur phal, vishesh roop seey jamun, amrood, resham, kapas aur aam khaate hain.
stagophona.
"habrobathnella borensis" kaa varnan borah gufaaon seey kiya gayaa thaa. yeh "habrobethnella" vansh kii pahali bhaaratiya gufa prajaati haye.
sthaan aur pahunch.
yeye gufaayen aandhr pradesh key alluri sitaram raju jile kii arku ghaati kii anantgiri pahaadi shrinkhala mein sthit hain. yeye gufaayen odisha key bhubneshwar seey aur hyderabad seey hain, donon rashtriya rajmarg 5 key madhyam seey hain. yeye gufaayen sadak, rail aur havaai sevaaon seey achchi tarah seey judee hui hain. nikatatam antarrashtriya havaai adda visakhapatnam havaai adda haye, joe borah gufaaon seey haye, joe visakhapatnam shahar key kendra seey haye. visakhapatnam sadak maarg seey door haye. yeh jyaadaatar ack pahaadi sadak haye aur yatra mein lagbhag teen ghante lagate hain.
bhaaratiya railway key purvi tata railway mein kothawalasa-kirandul railway line parr train sevaayen sanchaalit hoti hain. viskapatnam railway station seey kuchh doori parr train kii yatra purvi ghaat (pahaadi) khand seey hocker gujarati haye, jisake maarg mein 30 surangen hain. train seey yatra mein gufaaon key paas railway station taka lagbhag paanch ghante lagate hain jise borah guhalu railway station kahaa jaataa haye.
agantuk kii jaankaari.
borah gufaaon kii ack dinn kii yatra key liye nirdeshit paryatan mein tyda railway surang, damuku vyu point, anantgiri coffey bagan, padmapuram udyaan aur arku ghaati jaise dilchasp aakarshan shamil hain. agantukon key laabh key liye, gufaaon key pravesh bindu parr ack soochana board gufaaon aur usake aspas key kuchh vivaran detaa haye (chitra mein).
aandhr pradesh raajya paryatan vibhaag dwara aayojit ack araku aur borah rail-saha-sadak package tour borah gufaaon koo dekhane key ichchuk agantukon key liye upalabdh haye.
gufaaon key chaaron or tahalane seey pahaadi kshetra kaa drishya milata haye joe vanaspatiyon aur jeevon seey samriddh haye. aandhr pradesh raajya paryatan vibhaag ney 26 paaraa, sodium vaashp aur helogen vidyut deepak sthaapit kiye hain, joe sanrachanaon key drishya pradaan karate hain. borah gufaaon seey lagbhag ack pahaadi station arku ghaati bhee gufaaon mein aaney vaale logon key liye ack paryatak aakarshan haye.
navambar aur disambar gufaaon kii yatra key liye aadarsh maheene hain.