
maori raajaa andolan

maori raajaa andolan, jise maori mein kahaa jaataa haye, ack andolan haye joe 1850 key dashak mein madhya uttari dweep mein newzealand key kuchh maori (janjaatiyon) key beach utpann huaa, taaki british upaniveshvadiyon key samrat kii sthiti key samaan bhoomika sthaapit kii jaa sakey, joe maori bhoomi key algaav koo rokane kaa ack tarika haye. maori samrat takniki roop seey naee zeeland sarkaar key bheetar koee kanuni yaa nyaayik shakti key binaa ack gair-samvaidhaanik kshamata mein kaam kartaa haye, lekin phir bhee, desh mein apane 50 laakh logon mein seey kaee key liye ack pramukh raajneetik aur saanskritik vyakti haye, joe mahatvapurna pairavi shakti kaa upayog kartaa haye aur. shasson karane vaale samrat kaee key sarvocch pramukh key pada koo banaae rakhate hain aur inn parr kuchh shakti rakhate hain, vishesh roop seey tainui key bheetar.
vartamaan maori samrat, tuhetia paaki, 2006 mein chune gaye they aur unakaa aadhikarik nivaas nagrawahiya shahar mein toorangaave maare mein turango house haye. tuhetia saatven samrat hain kyonki yeh sthiti banaai gaee thee aur ack rajvansh kii nirantarta haye joe udghaatan raajaa, potatau terro hiro taka vaapas pahunchati haye.
europeeya upaniveshvadiyon dwara teji seey jansankhya vriddhi key samay bhoomi key algaav koo rokane key liye 1850 key dashak mein kendriya uttari dweep iv key ack samooh key beach maori ekataa praapt karane key saadhan key roop mein andolan kaa uday huaa. andolan ney ack aise samrat koo sthaapit karane kii maang kii joe raani victoria key samaan sthiti kaa daavaa curr sakata thaa aur iss prakaar maori koo (europeeya) key saath samaan aadhar parr vyavhaar karane kii anumati detaa thaa. isane apane swayam key jhande, samachar patra, baink, parshadon, magistrates aur kaanoon pravartan key saath ack vaikalpik sarkaar kii upasthiti koo apanaaya. lekin aupaniveshik sarkaar dwara ise british rajshahi kii sarvochata key liye ack chunauti key roop mein dekhaa gayaa thaa, joe 1863 key viacato key aakraman kii or leey gayaa, joe kii angitanga kii shakti aur prabhaav koo beasar karane key liye ack abhiyaan seey aanshik roop seey prerit thaa. 1864 mein ōrākau mein apani haar key baad, kingitanga senaa uttari dweep key nagaati maniyapoto adiwasi kshetra mein vaapas chully gaee joe raajaa desh key roop mein jaanaa jaane lagaa. maori samrat kaa prabhaav utanaa majboot naheen rhaa haye jitna kii hoe sakata haye, aanshik roop seey kii ivi key kingitanga seey sambaddhata kii kamee key kaaran, vishesh roop seey tuho, ngaati porau aur sabhi mein sabse badaa ivi, ngapuhi.
itihas.
prishthabhoomi.
1850 key dashak kii shuruat seey, uttari dweep maori krishi yogya bhoomi key liye europeeya basane vaale kisaanon kii maang koo puuraa karane key liye badhate dabaav mein aaa gayaa. jabaki maori chhote kshetron mein kheti karate they, berry, pakshiyon aur jadon key liye vyaapak jangalon parr nirbhar karate they, basane vaalon ney jangal aur furn koo jalaakar aur raakh mein ghaas key beej lagaakar apani utpaadan kshamata kaa vistaar kiya. tey raupraha sahit kuchh prabhaavshaali pramukhon ney 1840 key dashak mein bhoomi bikri kaa virodh kiya (1843 key vairaau afrey mein samaapan), aur agale dashak mein yeh vichaar adhik vyaapak hoe gayaa, jaba pikeha (europeeya) kii aabaadi maori seey adhik hoe gaee aur aupaniveshik sarkaar key mool bhoomi khareed vibhaag ney swaamitva lene key liye beiman tareeke apanaae, jisamen pramukhon yaa maalikon key chhote samoohon koo prastaav shamil they. vyaktigat maori yaa samoohon key saath sauda kartaa haye joe bahumat hiton kaa pratinidhitva naheen karate they, unhone bhee maori koo ack dusare key saath vivaadon mein ghasita. jaise hii safed seema ney apani bhoomi parr aur adhik atikraman kiya, kaee loga chintit hoe gaye kii unaki bhoomi aur jaati jald hii khatm hoe jaayegi.
lagbhag 1853 seey maori ney pracheen adiwasi "rananga" yaa mukhya roop seey yuddh parishadon koo punarjeevit karna shuru kiya, jahaan bhoomi key mudde uthaaye gaye they aur maee 1854 mein dakshin taranaki key manavapou mein ack badee baithak aayojit kii gaee, jisamen 2000 maori netaa shamil hue, jahaan vaktaaon ney bhoomi bechane key liye thhos virodh kaa aagrah kiya. 
baithakon ney tey raupraha key bete, isai dharmaantarit tamihana tey raupraha key liye ack mahatvapurna munch pradaan kiya, joe 1851 mein ingland gaye they, jahan unhein raani victoria koo prastut kiya gayaa thaa. tamihana tey rauprah ack maori raajya banaane key vichaar key saath newzealand laut aaya thaa, jisamen ack raajaa sabhi (janjaatiyon) parr shasson kartaa thaa, aur apane vichaar key liye prabhaavshaali uttari dweep pramukhon key samjhaute koo surakshit karane key liye iska upayog kiya thaa. yaa ekataa andolan kaa uddeshya maori mein ekataa laana thaa joe europeeya logon key beach ack spasht taakat thee. yeh maanaa jaataa thaa kii ack raajaa honey seey joe raani victoria key samaan sthiti kaa daavaa curr sakata haye, maori barabar aadhar parr pakeha seey nipatane mein saksham hoga. iska uddeshya maori samudaayon mein kaanoon aur vyavastha kii ack pranali sthaapit karna bhee thaa, jisamen ockland sarkaar ney abb taka bahut cumm ruchi dikhaai thee.
potatau tii-hiro.
kaee uttari dweep key ummidwar jinhen khud koo aage rakhane key liye kahaa gayaa thaa, unhone incar curr diyaa; farwari 1857 mein, taupo mein ack pramukh antar-janjaatiya baithak key kuchh hafton baad, purvi viacato mein ngaati haaui key ack pramukh, vayaramu tamihana ney bujurgon aur uchch padasth viacato pramukh koo raajaa niyukt karane kaa prastaav prasaarit kiya aur isase nipatane key liye aprail mein rangiri key liye ack badee baithak aayojit kii gaee.
shuru mein incar karane key baad-vaha apani umr mein nae udyam karane key liye taiyar naheen thaa aur ack europeeya agantuk dwara usey andhaa aur georger key roop mein varnit kiya gayaa thaa, "apani kabr key bahut kinare parr"-terro hiro sitambar 1857 mein raajatva sweekaar karane key liye sahmat hoe gayaa aur juuna 1858 mein usey engaruahiya mein taaj pahanaaya gayaa, baad mein usane potatau terro hiro yaa buss potatau naam apanaaya.
apane sweekriti bhaashan mein potatau ney raajatva dwara prateek ekataa kii bhavna parr jore diyaa aur apane logon seey "prem, kaanoon aur bhagwan mein vishvaas koo dridhata seey rakhane" kaa ahwan kiya."samay key saath raajaa andolan mein ack jhanda, raajya kii ack parishad, ack kaanoon sanhita, ack" "raajaa key nivasi magistrate", "pulis, ack sarvekshankarta aur ack samachar patra", "taye hokioi", joe sabhi andolan koo ack vaikalpik sarkaar kii upasthiti dete they.  unake anuyaayiyon key jeevan koo kaanoon banaane, parikshanon aur lambi baithakon aur bahason key saath nayaa uddeshya diyaa gayaa thaa. itihaaskaar michael king ney kahaah "unake samarthakon kii nazar mein, jinn pramukhon ney unhein uthaaya thaa, unhone unhein apane munn aur tapu aur apani bhoomi key liye ack bhandar banaa diyaa thaa. potaataau abb ack gambhir pratishtha aur pavitrata kaa vyakti thaa. yeh vishvaas logon koo raajatva koo banaae rakhane key liye veertapurna tareeke seey aage badhane key liye prerit karane key liye thaa aur baad mein, isake liye ladane key liye thaa."
potatau ney apane adhikaar koo rajyapal seey alag karane vaali seema kii ghoshana karate hue kahaah "maungatutari koo hamari seema honey dein. iss taraf atikraman naa karein. isi tarah main usa taraf pair naheen rakhunga."raajaa ney ack sanyukt prashaasan kii parikalpana kii jisamen unhone abhee bhee maori prathaagat upaadhi key tahat kshetra mein shasson kiya, jabaki rajyapal ney taaj dwara adhigrahit kshetron mein shasson kiya.
governor thomas gor braun chinta key saath ghatanakram dekh rahey they. juuna 1857 mein unhone landan koo likhaa kii "mujhe vartamaan andolan seey kissy bhee tarah kaa khatra naheen haye, lekin yeh spasht haye kii yadi kissy bhee roop yaa aakar mein maori dwara ack alag rashtriyata kii sthaapana kii jaati haye tou yeh jald yaa baad mein takraav mein samaapt hoe jaayegi."halanki abhee bhee koee sanket naheen they kii andolan ack aakramak bhavna vikasit curr rhaa thaa, braun ney jald hii apana darr vyakt karna shuru curr diyaa kii" "yeh nasl key sangharsh mein hull hoe jaayega aur sabse badee raajneetik kathinaaee bunn jaayegi jiska hamein saamana karna padaa haye.
haalaanki, nae raajaa kii maanyata tatkaal naheen theeh halanki bhoomi kii bikri koo dheema karane key liye ack "laind leag" kii sthaapana mein andolan key prayason key liye vyaapak sammaan thaa, lekin potaataau kii bhoomika koo kewal viacato maori dwara dridhata seey apanaaya gayaa thaa, jisamen uttar uckland aur dakshin viacato key ivi ney unhein bahut cumm maanyata dikhaai thee. kuchh virodhiyon ney kingitanga koo kewal ack viacato andolan key roop mein khariz curr diyaa. 1859 key dauran raajaa andolan key dooton ney uttari dweep key madhyam seey yatra kii, jisamen taranaki, wanganui aur hocks khaadi shamil they, aur aage key anuyaayiyon kii talash mein, kabhi-kabhi ivi unake samarthan mein vibhajit they. andolan key bheetar bhee gahara vibhajan kahaa gayaa thaah itihaaskaar keath synclair ney daavaa kiya kii "madhyam" ney khud koo vayaramu tamihana key saath jodaa aur "europeeya virodhi charampanthiyon" ney engati maniapoto pramukh aur sardar revy maniapoto kaa anusaran kiya, halanki bellich aur itihaaskaar vincent oh 'maili ney iss parr vivaad karate hue kahaa kii donon gutt saajha uddeshyon aur chintaon seey prerit they aur vibhajan itihaskaron dwara atiranjit kiye gaye they. janjaatiya pratidvandvita ney bhee ekataa koo kamjor curr diyaa hoga. itihaaskaar bee.jey. dalton ney kahaah "viacato key baahar, raajaa andolan ney yuva peedhi seey appeal kii joe apane pitaa dwara yuddh mein jeete gaye" munn "koo praapt karane kaa koee anya tarika naheen dekh sakate they."
10 aprail 1860 koo, taranaki yuddhon kii shuruat key teen saptah baad, paschimi tata seey pratiniyukti iv tetee away aur nagaa ruanui ney nagruwahiya mein vacato maori kii ack sabhaa mein bhaag liya aur raajaa key prati apani aupchaarik nishtha vyakt kii. usa baithak mein charcha, aur chhah saptah baad periya mein ack doosari baithak mein jisane nichale viacato key samarthakon key ack badey samooh koo aakarshit kiya, joe taranaki mein shatruta aur iss sawal parr kendrit thaa kii kyaa raajaa andolan koo hastakshep karna chaahiye. andolan key bheetar narampanthiyon key ack gutt ney pratyaksh bhagidari key khilaf nirnay liya, lekin baithakon kii khabaron ney rajdhani parr maori hamale kii sambhavana koo laker arajakta paida curr dee, jisake parinamswarup dalton ney "sabhi maori key prati kroor pratishodh kii manodasha" key roop mein varnit kiya. juuna 1860 key anta mein badee sankhya mein viacato maori ney tey aati vaa pramukh vayaramu keengi kii senaa koo majboot karane key liye taranaki kii yatra kii aur parityakt kheton kii loot mein shamil hoe gaye, lekin hastakshep asangathit thaa aur seemit paimaane parr thaa, jisase taranaki basane vaalon koo poorna paimaane parr keengitanga kii bhagidari key kuchh darr seey raahat millie.
25 juuna 1860 koo potaataau kii influenzae seey mrityu hoe gaee aur unake baad unake bete, matutera tavao ney raajya sambhala.
matutera taau.
raajaa key pada parr tavao kaa uttaradhikar bhoomi swaamitva aur samprabhuta key muddon parr maori aur uckland-adharit basane vaali sarkaar key beach badhate gharshan kii avadhi key saath huaa. taranaki mein bhoomi khareed key aspas kii shatruta fail gaee, joe sanghrshon kii ack shrinkhala mein fail gaee jise newzealand yuddhon key roop mein jaanaa jaane lagaa.
kingmaker" key roop mein sammaanit ack rannitikar, tamihana ney 1861 mein pahale taranaki yuddh key anta mein braun koo likhe ack patra mein kingitanga andolan kii pramukh chinta vyakt kii. unhone kahaa kii viacato ivi ney kabhi bhee vetangi kii sandhi parr hastakshar naheen kiye they aur yeh kii maori ack alag rashtra they. "main iss dweep seey raani koo naheen, balki apane tukade (bhoomi) seey dalna chaahata huun. main apane khud key tukade koo nazarandaj karane vaalaa vyakti banoonga, "unhone likhaa. lekin braun ney kingitanga rukh koo bevafai kaa kaary maanaa; viacato parr aakraman key liye unaki yojanaon koo kingitanga chunauti key saamane "raani kii sarvochata" koo banaae rakhane kii unaki ichcha seey badhaava milaa. braun key uttaradhikari, surr george gray ney disambar 1861 mein viacato nadee key muhaane key paas taupri mein ack badee maori sabhaa koo bataaya kii raajaa andolan kharaab thaa aur ise chhod diyaa jaanaa chaahiye. 9 julaai 1863 koo gray ney ack ultimatum jaari kiya kii uckland aur viacato key beach rahane vaale sabhi maori raani victoria key prati nishtha kii shapath lete hain yaa viacato nadee key dakshin mein nishkaasit hoe jaate hain. sainikon ney apana aakraman shuru karane key liye teen dinn baad viacato kshetra mein pravesh kiya.
kingitanga balon koo apane dushman koo nirash karane aur dheema karane key aadhar parr ack rakshaatmak yuddh ladane key liye majboor kiya gayaa thaa, lekin way lagbhag aseemit shramshakti aur agni shakti key saath ack purnakaalik peshevar senaa parr haavi honey mein asamarth they.
tavao aur unake karibi anuyaayi maniyapoto kshetra kii jhaadi aur khadee choona patthar kii ghaatiyon mein bhaag gaye, jise baad mein raajaa desh key roop mein jaanaa jaataa thaa, yeh ghoshana karate hue kii europeeya logon koo mrityu kaa khatra haye yadi way "aukaati" yaa jabt kii gaee bhoomi kii seema koo paar karate hain. iss beach, governor gray ney "vidrohi" maori kii bhoomi parr vyaapak roop seey kabja karane key liye sansad key kaanoon key madhyam seey sanchaalan shuru kiya. kheti key tahat upajaau kshetron, dafan sthalon aur sadiyon seey basey kshetron sahit 486,500 hectare bhoomi koo jabt karna, viacato maori key liye ack kadwa jhataka thaa. 1869 aur 1870 mein tavao koo ringtu paigambar aur gurilla netaa tey kootee dwara sarkaar key khilaf shatruta phir seey shuru karane key liye chunauti dee gaee thee taaki jabt kii gaee bhoomi koo vaapas lene kaa prayaas kiya jaa sakey. halanki, tauhiyaav ney yuddh kaa tyag curr diyaa thaa aur "bhed key bachche kaa varsh" aur "shaanti kaa varsh" ghoshit curr diyaa thaa; aprail 1869 mein unhone ack aur ghoshana jaari kii thee kii "manushya dwara manushya kaa vadh bund karna haye. halanki kingitanga andolan mein kattarpanthi tatva they jinhone yuddh kii bahaali kaa samarthan kiya, jisamen revy maniyapoto aur sambhavatah swayam tavao shamil they, narampanthiyon ney raajaa koo chetavani denaa jaari rakhaa kii unake paas safalata kii bahut cumm sambhavana haye aur way tii kootee key karyon mein shamil hocker vinash kaa jokhim uthaate hain.
tavao 20 varshon taka nirvaasan mein rahey, maniyapoto aur taranaki bastiyon key madhyam seey bhatakate hue, jangal mein bhatakate hue ack chune hue logon key abhishikt netaa key roop mein khud key ack puraane vasiyatnama drishtikon koo apanaate hue apani viraasat mein ack mukti kii prateeksha curr rahey they.
1870 key dashak seey sarkaar-uttari dweep key kendra key madhyam seey ack uttar-dakshin railway link koo aage badhaane aur raajaa desh koo adhik basane vaalon key liye kholane key liye utsuk-shaanti sharton kii peshkash karane key liye tavao key liye drishtikon banaana shuru curr diyaa. gray, abb taka newzealand key pradhaan mantri, maee 1878 mein raajaa seey milane gaye, unhein "vaipa key baaen kinare parr bhoomi, nagruwahiya mein 500 ekad bhoomi, sabhi kasbon mein bhoomi" key saath-saath aarthik sahaayata aur sadakon aur bhoomi saude parr adhikaar pradaan karane key liye. tavao ney prastaav koo aswikar curr diyaa. teen saal baad, julaai 1881 mein, unhone nivasi magistrate villium gilbert mair koo alekjendra (aaj pirongia key roop mein jaanaa jaataa haye) mein ack baithak mein bulaaya, jahan unhone aur 70 anuyaayiyon ney apani bandooken rakhee, phir unake saath 70 bhune hue kabootar aur ack kalpana rakhee, yeh samajhaate hue kii "iska matlab shaanti haye."
unhone 1884 mein paschimi maori aim. pee. vayaramu tey vhoro key saath landan kii yatra kii, taaki maori bhoomi kii shikayaton key baare mein mukut key paas ack yachika key saath ack pratiniyukti kaa netritva kiya jaa sakey, lekin raani key saath ack shrota seey incar curr diyaa gayaa. 1886 mein newzealand mein vaapas aakar aur maori sansthanon key madhyam seey maori samasyaon key liye maori samadhan kii maang karate hue, unhone deshi mantri johnn balance seey "iss dweep key sabhi pramukhon key liye" ack maori parishad kii sthaapana key liye yachika daayar kii. jaba iss prastaav koo bhee nazarandaj curr diyaa gayaa, tou unhone 1892 mein maungkawa mein apani khud kii kauhanganui, ack kingitanga sansad kii sthaapana kii. halanki sabhi uttari dweep iv koo bhaag lene key liye aamantrit kiya gayaa thaa, bhagidari mukhya roop seey viacato, maniyapoto aur hauraki logon taka seemit thee joe pahale seey hii raajaa andolan kaa hissa they. vidhansabha kii charchaon mein rashtriya sansad mein kaaryavaahi, vetangi kii sandhi kii vyakhya, jabt karane kaa mudda aur bhoomi bikri key liye shartein shamil theen, lekin isake vichaar-vimarsh aur sifaarishon koo sansad aur lock sevakon dwara yaa tou nazarandaj curr diyaa gayaa yaa unakaa upahaas kiya gayaa. tavao key kauhanganui kii sthaapana heretunga mein vaipatu maare mein ack maori sansad key gathan key saath hui. yeh sansad, jisamen pradhaanmantri hamiora mangakahiya key tahat uttar aur dakshin dweepon key 96 sadasya shamil they, kotahitanga (ekikaran) andolan key hisse key roop mein banaai gaee thee, jisamen shamil honey seey tavao ney incar curr diyaa thaa.
lagbhag 1886 seey lagbhag 1905 taka iska ack baink, aoteroa kaa baink bhee thaa, joe paravera, maungataturi aur maungakawa mein sanchaalit hotaa thaa.
tavao ney raajaa dwara keengitanga maare kii vaarshik paukai yaatraon kii ack pranali bhee sthaapit kii, jise unhone pratyek varsh ack nishchit dinn parr logon koo unake maare kii or vaapas laane key saadhan key roop mein taiyar kiya. paukai baad mein kingitanga netritva aur usake anuyaayiyon key beach niyamit paramarsh baithakon mein vikasit hue, jahan andolan key kharchon aur sthaaniya maare key rakharkhaav key liye dhana bhee jutaaya gayaa thaa.
26 agast 1894 koo taviao kii achaanak mrityu hoe gaee aur unake sabse badey bete, mahuta taviao ney unakaa uttaradhikari banaa liya.
mahuta taau.
1854 key aspas paida hue mahuta kaa paalan-poshan 1860 key dashak key yuddhon aur usake baad key nirvaasan key dauran huaa thaa, aur unhein koee europeeya shiksha naheen millie aur way bahut cumm angreji bolate they. unake rajyabhishek key samay taka raajaa andolan key liye samarthan mein girawat aaee thee aur isake anuyaayi mukhya roop seey viacato mein tainui ivi aur raajaa desh key nagaati maniyapoto taka seemit they.
apane raajatva kii shuruat seey hii mahuta ney rajneeti mein ruchi leeh unhone 1860 key dashak mein bhoomi jabt karane key liye muaavaje key liye sarkaar parr dabaav daala, paschimi maori matdaataon key liye ack rishtedaar, henere kaihaau koo praayojit kiya aur 1890 key dashak key anta seey pradhaanmantri richard seddon aur sthaaniya mamalon key mantri james caroll key saath lagaatar sampark kiya, joe cabinet pada parr rahane vaale pahale maori they. mahuta maori aur pakeha key beach sulah key samarthak they; itihaaskaar michael king key anusaar, seddon ney adhik maori bhoomi kii bikri koo surakshit karane key liye apani sadbhavana aur nadani kaa laabh uthaaya. seddon ney mahuta koo vidhaan parishad (oopari sadan) key sadasya key roop mein wellington mein aamantrit kiya aur karyakari parishad mein "maori jaati kaa pratinidhitva karane vaale mantri" key roop mein baithane key liye aamantrit kiya. viacato maori key vyaapak virodh key bavjood, jise darr thaa kii yeh raajaa andolan koo beasar karane kaa ack prayaas thaa, mahuta ney sweekaar curr liya aur maee 1903 mein unhone shapath lii. unhone apane chhote bhaai veero hiro tauhiyavo koo raajatva saunpa, lekin 21 maee 1910 koo raajatva phir seey shuru kiya, joe maori zabt karane key daavon seey nipatane mein raajneetik prakriya seey mohbhang hoe gayaa.
raajaa key roop mein mahuta key varshon key dauran, vacato aarthik aur samajik avasaad mein duba huaa thaa. kaee maori zabt kiye jaane key kaaran bhumihin aur besahara they, jabaki joe abhee bhee apani jameen rakhate they, way ise utpaadak banaane mein asamarth they. typhoid mahamari, influenzae, khasra aur kaali khansi key lagaatar dauron key saath kshetra mein gambhir swaasthya samasyaaen theen. swachchata kii sthiti aam taur parr kharaab thee, berojgari adhik thee, sharaab kaa sevan vyaapak thaa aur bachchon kii schooly shiksha kii darr bahut cumm thee.
1911 mein mahuta ney paschimi maori mein kaihaau key liye apana samarthan vaapas leey liya, jaba unhein pataa chalaa kii unhone kingitanga dhana key £50,000 key nuksan kii adhyakshata kii thee aur usa varsh key aam chunaav mein doctor aur poorv swaasthya vibhaag key chikitsa adhikaari maui pomre koo samarthan dene key liye apani bhatiji, tey pue harangi kaa upayog kiya. pomre ney 565 maton seey seat jeeti. mahuta key pasandida ummidwar key liye prachaar mein tey pue kii bhagidari ney unhein raajaa andolan key liye mukhya aayojak key pada parr padonnat kiya, ack bhoomika joe unhone 1952 mein apani mrityu taka nibhai.
1912 key dauran mahuta kii tabiyat bigadati gaee aur 9 navambar koo 57 varsh kii ayu mein unaki mrityu hoe gaee.
tey rattan mahuta.
mahuta key sabse badey bete tey raataa, jinaki umr taba 30 aur 33 key beach thee, koo 24 navambar 1912 koo kingmaker tupu taingkawa dwara taaj pahanaaya gayaa thaa. vaha sharmile aur shaaririk roop seey kamjor they, lambe samay seey sandhishoth, gathiya aur hriday roga seey peedit they. apane chachere bhaai aur sanrakshak tey pue (baad mein vyaapak roop seey "rajkumari tey pue" key roop mein sandarbhit) key majboot samarthan key saath, unhone taingkawa dwara apane adhikaar key liye ack chunauti kaa saamana kiya, jinhone morinsville key paas rukumoana mein ack pratidvandi "kauhanganui" (vidhansabha) kii sthaapana kii. tey puea ney mangtaviri paa mein suvidhaon kaa nirmaan kiya aur adiwasi itihas key paath, viacato geeton key gaayan aur anya saanskritik paramparaon koo punarjeevit kiya.
1913 mein taingakawa ney vetangi kii sandhi key ullanghan key roop mein bhoomi jabt koo radd karane key liye taaj koo yachika dene key liye ingland mein ack aur pratinidhimandal kaa netritva karane key liye tey raata koo aashvast kiya. raglan mein ack antar-janjaatiya baithak mein nirnay liya gayaa kii raajaa andolan key sabhi anuyaayi laagat koo puuraa karane key liye ack sir koo dhone mein yogdan denge aur chaar-vyakti pratinidhimandal 11 aprail 1914 koo uckland seey ravaana huaa. shuru mein manaa kiye jaane key baad, unhone 4 juuna koo raajaa george vee aur raani mairi key saath ack shrota praapt kiya, iss shart parr kii kuchh bhee sharmanak naheen hoga. way 10 agast koo ingland seey ravaana hue, lekin unake daavon koo naee newzealand sarkaar koo vaapas bhej diyaa jaayega.
tey raata kii vaapsee parr pahale seey hii pratham vishva yuddh mein shamil newzealand key saath, raajaa ney viacato kii bharti koo hatotsaahit kiya-donon tavaahiyo kii 1881 kii ghoshana key kaaran kii viacato maori phir kabhi naheen ladegaa aur zabt karane key anyaay parr narajgi jaari rakhega. tey pue ney samajhaayah "way hamein raajaa aur desh key liye ladane key liye kahate hain. hamaare paas ack raajaa haye, lekin hamaare paas ack desh naheen haye. yeh hamse chheen liya gayaa haye."yuddh koo pakaa rashtron key beach ack pakaa ladaai key roop mein dekhaa gayaa thaa. juuna 1917 seey sainya seva adhiniyam mein sabhi maori koo anivarya roop seey bharti karane key liye sanshodhan kiya gayaa thaa, halanki raksha mantri ney adhikaariyon koo salah dee kii yeh kewal viacato maori parr lagu honah thaa. 11 julaai 1918 koo pulis tey penaa, mangtaviri mein raajaa andolan key paa parr pahunchi, aur una purushon koo giraftar karna shuru curr diyaa joe sainya kartavya key liye report karane mein whiffle rahey they. purushon koo uckland mein senaa key sankeern prashikshan shivir mein leey jaaya gayaa, jahan unhein sainya vardi pahanane seey incar karane key liye baar-baar dandit kiya gayaa. yuddh key anta mein 111 kaid mein rahey; unhein maee 1919 mein riha curr diyaa gayaa thaa. bharti virodhi rukh key kaaran kingitanga andolan koo vyaapak roop seey pakistani deshdrohi gaddaron aur german sahaanubhooti rakhane vaalon key roop mein maanaa jaa rhaa thaa aur tii pue aur pomre key beach ack daraar bhee paida hoe gaee, jinhone poore yuddh mein sabhi maori seey samrajya balon key liye ladane kaa aagrah kiya.
tey puea ney ack aayojak aur aadhyatmik netaa key roop mein apani sthiti koo majboot karna jaari rakhaa. unhone 1918 kii influenzae mahamari key peediton kii dekhbhal key prayason kaa beedaa uthaaya, viacato maori koo pahale seey aprayukt bhoomi koo kheton mein badalane mein madad kii aur andolan key nae aadhyatmik aur saanskritik ghar, ngaravahiya mein turangaave maare koo vikasit kiya. pahala hui 25 disambar 1921 koo aayojit kiya gayaa thaa.
1 octuber 1933 koo tey raata kii mrityu hoe gaee. tey pue ney unhein maori samrat banaane key prastaav koo khariz curr diyaa, yeh maanate hue kii 21 varsheeya koroki, tey raata kaa sabse badaa betaa, simhaasan kaa sahee uttaradhikari thaa.
koroki mahuta.
koroki tey rataa mahuta tavao potatau tey vhero hiro maori raajaon kii pankti mein paanchven they. sharmile aur aarakshit, unhein 8 octuber 1933 koo lagbhag 25 saal kii umr mein taaj pahanaaya gayaa thaa aur unhone anichha seey bhoomika sweekaar kii, iss baat kaa virodh karate hue kii itane saare viacato maori garibi mein reh rahey hain, way ack raajaa kaa kharch wahan naheen curr sakate they. apane poore shasankal key dauran vaha kaee virodhi guton key majboot lekin paraspar virodhi prabhaav mein aaa gaye, jisane kuchh vivaad paida kiye; unhone raajaa desh koo sharaab key licenses seey mukt rakhane key liye raajnetaon key saath ack ladaai bhee khou dee. unhone 30 disambar 1953 koo raani elizabeth dwara turangaave kii ack sankshipt yatra kii mejbani kii; sarkaar ney unhein ack bhaashan dene kii anumati dene seey incar curr diyaa jisamen unhein british taaj key prati wafadari kii ghoshana karane kaa aitihaasik kadam uthaana thaa, lekin bhaashan kii ack prati baad mein raani koo bheji gaee thee. 1950 key dashak key anta seey unaki tabiyat bigadane luggy aur 18 maee 1966 koo unakaa nagrawahiya mein nidhan hoe gayaa.
yeh atiangika haye.
tey atairangikahu, maori raajaa koroki mahuta kii betty, 23 maee 1966 koo pahali maori raani key roop mein chuni gaee thee aur 15 agast 2006 koo unaki mrityu taka seva kii thee. nae varsh key sammaan mein 1970 mein tey atairangikahu british samrajya key adesh kaa ack dame commander niyukt honey vaale pahale maori they...maori logon key liye utkrisht sevaayen...". unakaa 40 saal kaa shasankal kissy bhee maori samrat kaa sabse lamba shasankal thaa.
tuhetia pucky.
apani prasiddh maan, dame tey atairangikahu kii mrityu key baad, 21 agast 2006 koo tuhetia paaki ney maori raajaa key roop mein shapath lii. agast 2014 mein, tuhetia paaki ney ack maori sammaan pranali banaai. teen puraskar hainh raajaa putatu taye vhero hiro kaa adesh; taniva kaa adesh; aur tey arikiniyi raani tairangikahu kaa shandar adesh.
uttaradhikar.
samrat kii niyukti pichhale samrat key antim sanskar key dinn aur dafanaane seey pahale "kingitanga" andolan mein shamil ivi key netaaon dwara kii jaati haye.
siddhant roop mein maori samrat kii sthiti vanshaanugat naheen haye. haalaanki, abb taka, rajshahi prabhaav mein vanshaanugat rahee haye, kyonki pratyek nae maori samrat sangyanatmak jyeshthadhikar dwara pichhale samrat key uttaradhikari rahey hain, joe saat peedhiyon mein potato terro hiro seey vartamaan maori raajaa taka utarate hain. pratyek kramik samrat key saath, potatau key parivaar kii bhoomika sthaapit kii gaee haye, halanki kissy bhee shasankal key anta key baad aavaran koo kissy anya whanau yaa ivi seey kissy koo diye jaane kii sambhavana haye yadi vibhinn ivi key pramukh sahmat hain.
shaktiyaan.
1890 seey kingitanga ack "sansadiya" nirvaachit rajshahi rahee haye. shakti kauhanganui, kingitanga aur viacato tainui sansad aur sthaayi maori samrat key beach vibhajit haye. maori raajaa kii sthiti mukhya roop seey seemit shaktiyon key saath vacato tainui ivi key bheetar ack atyadhik sammaanit aupchaarik bhoomika haye. phir bhee, sthaayi samrat apani munn key aadhar parr janjaatiya neeti koo prabhaavit curr sakata haye aur kauhanganui key karyakari board, tey aratura parr 11 sadasyon mein seey ack koo niyukt karane kaa hakdar haye.
haalaanki kingitanga key raajaon koo newzealand key kaanoon yaa kaee maori ivi dwara maanyata naheen dee jaati haye, way kaee mahatvapurna maori ivi key sarvopari pramukh honey kaa gaurav rakhate hain aur sthaaniya star parr, vishesh roop seey tainui ivi key bheetar kuchh shakti kaa upayog karate hain.
maori raajaa" kii upaadhi key upayog koo vibhinn maori netaaon, arthaat uttar key netaaon dwara chunauti dee gaee haye. apane pravachan mein, david rankin, uttari bhoomi key nagapuhi ivi key ack netaa, bataate hain kii samrat sabhi maori kaa raajaa naheen haye. tark mein kahaa gayaa haye kii iss tarah key sheershak key swaamitva kaa daavaa karane vaale kingitanga dwara, andolan seey judey (yaa dridhata seey judey) naa honey vaale ivi key rangatiratanga aur munn koo cumm curr diyaa jaataa haye, isaliye maori aur ivi key roop mein unaki pehchaan aur swaayatta kaa ullanghan kiya jaataa haye.
abhyaas.
ack rajyabhishek utsav, "coronihana", harr saal ngaravahiya mein turangaave maare mein aayojit kiya jaataa haye. ack bibil paaramparik roop seey ack samrat key taaj key dauran upayog kiya jaataa haye.
paukai", maaree samrat dwara maare kii yaatraon kaa ack vaarshik paripath haye joe raajaa andolan kaa samarthan kartaa haye. yeh parampara 1880 key dashak mein dusare maori raajaa tavao dwara shuru kii gaee thee. samarohon mein dawat aur saanskritik pradarshan shamil hain.

