
sitara devi

sitara devi (janm dhanlakshmi; 8 navambar 1920-25 navambar 2014) shaastriya kathak shally key nritya kii ack bhaaratiya nartaki, ack gayika aur ack abhinetri theen. vaha kaee puraskaron aur prashansaon kii praaptakarta theen, aur bhaarat aur videshon mein kaee pratishthit sthaanon parr pradarshan kiya; jisamen royal albert holl, landan (1967) aur kaarnegi holl, newyork (1976) shamil hain.
cumm umr mein devi kii mulakat ravindernath tagor seey hui, jinhone unhein kathak jaisi khoyi hui bhaaratiya pradarshan kalaaon koo punarjeevit karane key liye protsaahit kiya. ravindernath tagor ney unhein "nritya samragni" key roop mein varnit kiya, jiska arth haye nritya kii maharani, jaba way sirf solah saal kii theen, taba unakaa pradarshan dekhane key baad. kuchh loga unhein "kathak raani" maanate hain.
praarambhik jeevan aur prishthabhoomi.
sitara devi kaa janm 8 navambar 1920 koo kolkata (tatkalin kalkatta) mein huaa thaa, joe usa varsh bhaaratiya tyohar deepawali kii poorv sandhya parr dhanteras key tyohar key saath huaa thaa. saubhagya kii devi key sammaan mein unakaa naam dhanlakshmi rakhaa gayaa thaa, jinaki usa dinn pooja kii jaati haye.
devi kaa paitrik parivaar brahmin viraasat aur varanasi shahar seey thaa, lekin kaee varshon taka kolkata mein buss gayaa thaa. unake pitaa, sukhdev maharaj, ack brahmin sajjan aur sanskrit key vaishnav vidwan they, aur unhone kathak nritya roop koo padhaakar aur pradarshan karke apani aajeevika arjit kii. devi kii maan, matsya kumari aur unakaa parivaar kalakar samudaay seey they. unake pitaa mein shaastriya nritya key prati junoon vikasit huaa aur unhone bharat natyam aur natyashastra kaa gahan adhyayan kiya aur kathak kaa abhyaas aur pradarshan kiya jisamen unhone utkrishtata praapt kii. nritya key liye yeh junoon kuchh aisaa thaa joe unhone apani betiyon, alaknanda, taaraa aur dhanlakshmi urf dhanno aur apane beton, chaube aur pandey koo diyaa.
unhone apane pitaa seey nritya seekha, jinhone apani betiyon aur beton sahit bachchon koo nritya sikhaane key liye ack school kii sthaapana kii. unaki nritya shally mein banaras aur lakhanau gharaana donon shamil they, joe 'naaj', 'nakhare' aur 'nazakat' kaa sanyojan thaa.'.
usa samay kii parampara kii tarah, devi kii shaadi taba honey thee jaba vaha aathh saal kii chhoti ladki thee, aur usake bachche key doolhe kaa parivaar shaadi koo sampann karna chaahata thaa. haalaanki, usane virodh kiya, aur ack school mein rehna chaahati thee. unake aagrah parr, shaadi naheen hui, aur unhein kamachagarh hyee school mein bharti karaaya gayaa. school mein, savitri aur satyavan kii pauranik kahani parr adharit ack nritya naatak koo school key chhatron dwara aayojit kiye jaane vaale ack saanskritik karyakram mein prastut kiya jaanaa thaa. school chhatron key beach kissy aise vyakti kii talash curr rhaa thaa joe nritya naatak mein antarnihit nritya anukram curr sakey. devi ney apane shikshak koo ack tatkaal nritya pradarshan dikhaakar prabal kiya. pradarshan ney unake liye bhoomika hassil kii aur unhein anukram mein apane saha-kalakaron koo nritya sikhaane kaa kaam bhee saunpa gayaa. dhanno koo sitara key roop mein phir seey naamit kiya gayaa thaa, aur unhein unaki badee bahan, taaraa kii dekhbhal aur unhein nritya kaa paath padhaane kaa kaam saunpa gayaa thaa. sanyog seey, taaraa prasiddh kathak nartak pann. gopi krishna.
jaba taka devi duss saal kii hoe gaee, taba taka vaha akele pradarshan curr rahee thee, jyaadaatar apane pitaa key dost key ack cinema mein filmon key dauran pandrah minut key avkash key dauran. nritya seekhane key prati unaki pratibaddhata ney unake paas bahut cumm samay chhod diyaa, aur unhone apani schooly shiksha jaari naheen rakhee. jaba vaha gyaarah saal kii theen, taba taka unakaa parivaar bombe (abb mumbai kahaa jaataa haye) chalaa gayaa. bombe pahunchane key turant baad, devi ney chuninda darshakon key saamane atiya begum palace mein ack kathak prastuti dee, jisamen ravindernath tagor, sarojini nayudu aur surr kovasji jahangir shamil they. unhone tagor koo prabhaavit kiya joe chaahte they kii vaha taata palace mein ack vishesh pradarshan dein. vahaan gyaarah varsheeya nrityarat ladki ney apani sabhi baarikiyon key saath teen ghante taka kathak kaa adhyayan kiya. tagor ney unhein ack shaul aur rupaye kaa upahaar dene kii paaramparik bhaaratiya shally mein badhaai dene key liye unhein phone kiya. 50 unaki prashansa key prateek key roop mein.
unaki shuruat jahangir holl (mumbai) mein hui thee, joe taba metro key saanskritik jeevan kaa kendra thaa. jaba vaha baarah saal kii thee, devi koo ack film nirmaata aur nritya nirdeshak, niranjan sharma dwara bharti kiya gayaa thaa, aur unhone kuchh hindi filmon mein nritya drishya diye, jisamen "ushaa harran" 1940, "nagina" 1951, "rotty", "vatan" 1938, "anjali" 1957 (deva anand key bhaai chetan anand dwara nirdeshit) shamil hain. madar india 1957 mein, unhone ack ladke key roop mein ack hollie nritya kiya, aur yeh kissy bhee film mein unakaa antim nritya thaa. unhone filmon mein nritya karna bund curr diyaa, kyonki way shaastriya nritya, kathak mein unaki padhaai parr pratikool prabhaav daal rahey they.
vyaktigat jeevan.
sitara devi ney chaar baar shaadi kii. unake pahale pati ack shree desai they; unake baare mein bahut cumm jaankaari haye. unake dusare pati abhineta najir ahmed khaan they (nasir khaan key saath bhramit naa houn joe najir key damad they). unake beach umr kaa antar solah saal thaa, aur najir kii pahali patni sikander begum hamesha maujood rahati theen. dharm mein bhee gahara antar thaa, khaan musalman honey key naate aur sitara devi hindu honey key kaaran. usa samay (1956 seey pahale), alag-alag dharmon key logon key liye shaadi karna sambhav naheen thaa aur pati-patni key liye alag-alag dharmon key honey kii sambhavana naheen thee. sitar ney iss shaadi mein pravesh karane key liye islam dharm apana liya. yeh shaadi alpakaalik aur nihsantaan donon thee, aur unakaa jald hii talaak hoe gayaa.
sitara devi kii teesari shaadi film nirmaata key. asif, joe naa kewal apane dusare pati key pahale chachere bhaai they, balki sikander begum key bhaai bhee they.yeh shaadi bhee bahut lambe samay taka naheen chully aur yeh nihsantaan thee.
apane teesare talaak key baad, sitara ney gujaraati viraasat key ack hindu sajjan prataap barot seey shaadi kii. dampati kaa ack betaa, ranjeet barot thaa, jiska janm 1950 mein huaa thaa.
pehchaan.
devi koo sangeet naatak akadami puraskar (1969), padm shree puraskar (1973) aur kalidas sammaan (1995) puraskar sahit kaee puraskar mille.
unhone padm bhushan puraskar sweekaar karane seey incar curr diyaa, yeh ghoshana karate hue kii "yeh ack upman haye, sammaan naheen", aur press trust off india kii ack report key roop mein unhone kahaah "kyaa yeh sarkaar kathak mein merey yogdan seey avagat naheen haye? main bhaarat ratna seey cumm kaa koee puraskar sweekaar naheen karunga."
8 navambar 2017 koo googal ney sitara devi key 97vein janmadin key liye bhaarat mein ack doodle dikhaaya.
baad key varshon mein.
haalaanki unaki visheshta kathak thee, lekin vaha bhaarat natyam aur bhaarat key lock nrityon key kaee roopon sahit nritya kii kaee anya shailiyon mein bhee ack kushal nartaki theen. unhone russie baile aur paschimi duniya key anya nritya bhee seekh liye. badhati umr key saath, unaki nritya gatividhiyaan cumm hoe gaeen, aur vaha nritya key kshetra mein, vishesh roop seey kathakali shally mein apane pitaa aur unake dwara kiye gaye shodh koo shamil karate hue ack pustak sankalit karane parr kaam curr rahee theen. unhone madhubala, rekha, maalaa sinh aur kajal jaisi bollywood hastiyon koo kathak nritya sikhaaya. unhone apane shikshan koo aupchaarik banaane kii kalpana kii, aur ack kathak prashikshan akadami sthaapit karane kii yojana banaai.
lambi bimari key baad 25 navambar 2014 koo mumbai key jaslok aspatal mein unakaa nidhan hoe gayaa.
yeh bhee dekhein.
kathak pratipaadakon kii soochi

