british dweep vayumarg

british dweep vayumarg (biyaa) british united eyeland vayumarg (biyaa) kaa kanuni uttaradhikari thaa. isane 1970 key madhya mein usa naam key tahat sanchaalan shuru kiya. duss saal baad yeh air anglia, air wells aur air west key saath vilay hoe gayaa aur usa samay united kingdam kii sabse badee kshetriya airline aur iska teesara sabse badaa anusoochit operator thaa. pahale british dweep airways kaa mukhya karyalaya congrave house (1970-1972) aur berkley house (1973-1979) mein thaa, joe kramshah station road mein aur redhill, surre mein hyee street parr sthit hain.
1982 mein british dweep airways koo charter operation air yuke koo vibhajit karke punargathit kiya gayaa thaa, jise isake nirmaan key samay biyaa seey ack alag company mein viraasat mein milaa thaa.
punargathit bee. aaee. aeye. ney 1991 mein sanchaalan bund curr diyaa.
itihas.
mool.
"british eyeland airways" nayaa naam buyaa thaa, joe british united airways (buaa) kaa kshetriya sahayogi thaa, jise julaai 1970 mein apanaaya gayaa thaa. usa samay airline ney ack naee vardi bhee apnai thee.
jaba usa varsh navambar key anta mein caledonian airways ney british aur rashtramandal (bee aind see) seey buaa kaa adhigrahan kiya, usa samay buaa aur buaa donon key malik, baad vaale kii sampatti usa saude mein shamil naheen thee. natijatan, buaa kii poorv mool company ney biyaa kaa swaamitva jaari rakhaa.
30 navambar 1970 koo caledonian koo buaa kii bikri poori honey key baad, biyaa ney aadhikarik taur parr agale dinn, 1 disambar 1970 koo apane swayam key adhikaar mein ack kanuni ikai key roop mein apana jeevan shuru kiya.
british dweep vayumarg "ack chihnit karein" (1970-1980).
biyaa kaa corporate mukhyalaya redhill, surre mein sthit thaa. airline kaa mukhya engineering aadhar blackpool mein thaa jabaki iska mukhya parichaalan aadhar landan gatwick mein thaa. 1970 key dashak kii shuruat seey madhya taka biyaa kii niyamit nirdhaarit yatri sevaaon koo praapt karane vaale anya havaai addon mein entwerp, belfast, blackpool, doublin, edinberg, exter, glassgo, gwernsey, dha aisal off maine, jersey, manchester, nucasal, peris orli aur southampton shamil they. channel dweepon aur dweepon key liye kaee sevaaon koo mausami aadhar parr sanchaalit kiya gayaa thaa-apavaad key roop mein gatwick koo gwernsey, southampton koo donon channel dweepon aur dweepon koo blackpool aur belfast key saath jodane vaale saal bhar key sanchaalan they. 1979 mein biyaa key nirdhaarit maarg network kaa kaafee vistaar kiya gayaa thaa jaba isane british havaai naukaaon (baaf) key poore nirdhaarit sanchaalan koo grahan curr liya thaa.
sabhi yatri sevaaon koo 50-seat vaale handley pays dart herauld turboprop key bede key saath sanchaalit kiya gayaa thaa. inmein seey pratyek vimaan parivartaniya thaa, jisase unakaa upayog sabhi malvahak sevaaon koo sanchaalit karane key liye bhee kiya jaa sakata thaa. biyaa koo apani sthaapana key samay inmein seey adhikansh vimaan biyaa seey viraasat mein mille they. baad mein isane vibhinn anya sroton seey atirikt puraane udaaharan praapt kiye.
apane herauld turboprop bede key alawa, biyaa koo buyaa seey thodi sankhya mein dugglus dc-3 "dakota" piston-injan vaale vimaan bhee viraasat mein mille. yeye vishesh roop seey 30 maee 1974 koo antim udaaharan kii sevaanivritti taka maal sevaayen sanchaalit karate they. taba taka, dee. see.-3 malvahak (parivartaniya herauld key saath) koo mell aur maal leey jaane mein vyast rakhaa jaataa thaa, jisamen channel dweepon seey yuke kii mukhya bhoomi (mukhya roop seey bornemouth aur gatwick) taka taaja phool shamil they, saath hii saath germany mein yuke key sashastr balon kii aapoorti key liye raksha mantralaya koo anubandh key tahat gatwick seey raat bhar samachar patra kii delivery bhee shamil thee.
ack seemit matra mein charter udaan (yatri aur maal dhulai) bhee hui, jisamen gatwick jalgrahan kshetra seey school samoohon key liye ack ghante kii havaai bhugol yaatraon kii biyaa kii visheshta shamil haye, jisane dakshin-poorv ingland key cumm oonchaai vaale udaan paryatanon parr herauld kii shandar neeche kii yatri drishyata (uchch pankhon aur apekshaakrit badee khidakiyon key kaaran) kaa laabh uthaaya, jisamen aamtaur parr kent, susanks aur hampshire key dakshin taton kaa ack maarg shamil hotaa haye aur havaa seey uttar aur dakshin key neeche aur naal koo dekhane kaa avsar hotaa haye.
dee. see.-3 kii sevaanivritti key baad, biyaa ney apane bede koo baarah handley pays dart herauld turboprops parr maankeekrit kiya. airline ney vyast grishmakaaleen avkash avadhi key dauran apane mukhya bede koo badhaaya jaba usane anya operators, jaise kii british midland seey atirikt herauld mein geele patte key aadhar parr patte parr diyaa.
apane bede mein badey, adhik aadhunik jett vimaanon key prakaron kii shuruat key saath-saath apane vittiya pradarshan mein kaafee sudhaar karane key liye, bee. aaee. aeye. koo uchch matra, uchch profile varsh bhar key anusoochit maargon taka pahunch kii aavashyakta thee, jinamen mahatvapurna sankhya mein vyaavsaayik yaatriyon koo aakarshit karane kii kshamata thee.
1977 mein, biyaa ney nagrik uddayan pradhikaran (see. aeye. aeye.) koo niyamit, saal bhar key nirdhaarit aadhar parr gatwick seey doublin, coppenhagen, hamberg, frankfurt, zyurikh aur geneva kii seva key liye aavedan kiya. (usa samay british airways, british caledonian aur danne-air ney niyamit roop seey nirdhaarit aadhar parr gatwick seey inn aur anya gantavyon kii seva key liye aavedan kiya thaa.) apane aavedan key samarthan mein, biyaa ney inn sevaaon kaa sanchaalan teen 65-seater fokar aff-28 1000 shrinkhala "fellowship" jett vimaanon key saath shuru karane kaa prastaav rakhaa thaa, jise vaha germanier seey dusare haath seey praapt karane kii yojana banaa rhaa thaa, naa kii badey back vann-eleven 500 key bajaay apane pratidvandiyon ney apani sevaaon parr upayog karane kii yojana banaai thee. inmein fokar jett kii baithane kii kshamata seey lagbhag doguni kshamata thee. chhote vimaanon kaa upayog karane seey biyaa adhik baar udaanon kii peshkash karane mein saksham hotaa, jisase vyaavsaayik yatra bajar key liye ack adhik aakarshak utpaad kii peshkash hoti. biyaa ney maanaa kii isase inn licenses seey sammaanit honey kii sambhaavanaon mein sudhaar hoga.
iss ghatana mein, caa ney british airways aur british caledonian key anuprayogon koo manjuri dete hue biyaa aur danne-air donon key avedanon koo aswikar karane kaa faisala kiya. isane tark diyaa kii british airways aur british caledonian key vipareet, pramukh antarrashtriya trunk maargon parr sthaapit anusoochit airlines koo lene key liye aavashyak visheshagyata kii kamee thee.
baaf key dakshin-poorv aadhar seey usa airline kii nirdhaarit sevaaon key sanchaalan koo sambhaalane key liye british havaai naukaaon key saath samjhaute key parinamswarup saat herauld baaf inn sevaaon koo sanchaalit karane key liye upayog kiye gaye they. poorv-baaf vimaan key judane seey 1979 seey 19 vimaanon taka biyaa key parichaalan herauld bede kaa vistaar huaa.
1979 mein biyaa key dusare aur antim nae saman koo apanaane key saath-saath chaar 89-seat vaale ack-gyaarah 400 vimaanon vaale ack samarpit charter bede kaa adhigrahan bhee dekhaa gayaa, joe biyaa key itihas mein pahala jett vimaan thaa. inmein seey teen poorv-gulfair they jabaki chautha pahale indoneshiya sarkaar dwara sanchaalit thaa.
apane khaate mein kshetriya, alp-doori kii anusoochit sevaaon key sanchaalan key alawa, biyaa koo anya airlines dwara bhee unaki or seey anusoochit sevaaon koo sanchaalit karane key liye anubandhit kiya gayaa thaa.
british caledonian ney 1973 aur 1976 key beach apani gatwick-manchester seva kaa sanchaalan karane key liye bee. aaee. aeye. seey anubandh kiya (iss seva kaa sanchaalan karane vaalaa vimaan 1975 seey charam grishmakaaleen chhuttiyon key mausam key dauran blackpool aur maine key dweep parr jaari rhaa, joe yuke udaan designers key saath bee. aaee. aeye. udaanon key roop mein kaam curr rhaa thaa) saath hii saath usa airline key landan-peris key gatwick-leey tookwet air bhaag-silver ero/fletch dee 'argent rail-air seva aur 1975 aur 1979 key beach gatwick-rotterdam maarg koo (1979 mein british caledonian ney bee. aaee. aeye. koo apani dou-akshar yuu. key. airline designer (british key brotterdam design key alawa) key saath anubandh key tahat gatwick seey leey tookwet aur rotterdam taka sanchaalit sabhi udaanon koo purvanirdhaarit karane kii anumati dee.)
saben ney apane landan heathrow-entwerp maarg koo sanchaalit karane key liye biyaa koo anubandhit kiya.
kabhi-kabhi, biyaa gatwick aur burn key beach danne-air kii nirdhaarit seva kaa bhee sanchaalan karati thee, jisamen swiss sanghiya rajdhani key aspas key khatarnak alpine ilaake key kaaran vishesh chaalak dall prashikshan aur permit shamil they.
biyaa ney ummeed jataai kii janwari 1980 mein air anglia key saath-saath air wells aur air westward key saath vilay seey, british dweepon key paschimi aadhe hisse mein mukhya roop seey mausami anusoochit sanchaalan koo santulit karke apane vittiya pradarshan koo badalane mein madad milegi, jisamen air anglia kii saal bhar kii nirdhaarit sevaaon key saath sanyukt raajya key purvi aadhe hisse koo cover karane vaale mahatvapurna tail aur gais udyog kendron koo jodana hoga, saath hii saath naee airline sanyojan kii badee arthvyavasthaon key paimaane key parinamswarup gatividhi key ack badey star parr nishchit laagat failaane mein bhee madad milegi.
vimaan bedaa aur rojgar vivaran.
mool biyaa nimnalikhit vimaan prakaron kaa sanchaalan kartaa thaah
1971 mein bedaa aur rojgar detta.
maee 1971 mein, biyaa key bede mein 11 vimaan (8 turboprop + 3 piston airliner) shamil they.
biyaa ney iss samay 600 logon koo rojgar diyaa.
1975 mein bedaa aur rojgar detta.
march 1975 mein, biyaa key bede mein 12 turboprop vimaan shamil they.
biyaa ney iss samay 600 logon koo rojgar diyaa.
1979 mein bedaa aur rojgar detta.
1979 key anta mein, biyaa key bede mein 26 vimaan (4 jett + 22 turboprop) shamil they.
biyaa ney iss samay (aprail 1979) 1,000 logon koo rojgar diyaa.
british dweep vayumarg "dou chihnit karein" (1982-1991).
ghaate mein chala rahey charter operation koo bechane key kaee asafal prayason key baad, air yuu. key. koo apane gathan key samay mool bee. aaee. aeye. seey ack anya airline, peater vilaa, phir air yuu. key. key prabandh nideshak (saath hii mool bee. aaee. aeye. key [dusare] aim. dee.) koo viraasat mein milaa thaa, 1982 mein bee. aaee. aeye. koo ack charter airline key roop mein punargathit karane kaa faisala kiya. isamen vilaa dwara biyaa limitted kii khareed shamil thee, joe ack poorna swaamitva vaali bee aind see sahayak company thee, jisane maalikon seey rinn key saath isake antim niptan koo suvidhajanak banaane key liye air yuke key gair-anusoochit vibhaag kaa swaamitva grahan kiya thaa. nyu biyaa" kaa mukhyalaya crolle key lofield heath kshetra (gatwick havaai adde key karib) mein audyogik estate parr apolo house mein thaa. isane 1 aprail 1982 koo chaar ack-gyaarah 400 key saath sanchaalan shuru kiya, joe mool biyaa ney 1979 mein ack charter operation sthaapit karane key liye praapt kiya thaa. inn vimaanon, joe mool biyaa key dusare aur antim vardi key samaan they, koo baad mein chaar sekand-haind 500 shrinkhala ack-eleven key saath-saath chaar brand-nae aim. see. donnell-dugglus aim. dee.-80 key saath poorak kiya gayaa, joe 1980 key dashak key dusare bhaag key dauran seva mein pravesh kiya.
89-seat ack-gyaarah 400 aur 119-seat ack-gyaarah 500 dusare biyaa dwara sanchaalit britten key charter bajar mein ack sthaan bhar gayaa, joe usa samay 130-seat boing 737-200 dwara sanchaalit thaa joe biyaa key bahut badey, urdhvaadhar roop seey ekikrit pratiyogiyon dwara sanchaalit thaa. inn chhote, puraane vimaanon kii cumm adhigrahan laagat (pratiyogita key badey aur nae 737-200 kii tulanaa mein) ney biyaa koo tour operators koo cumm kshamata vaale vimaanon koo tej daron parr pradaan karane mein saksham banaaya, jisase ise cumm ghaney maargon parr ack pratispardhi laabh milaa. aaee. dee. 1. kii seema seey mell khaane kii ack-gyaarah 400 kii kshamata, saath hii 737 kii eendhan khapat seey mell khaane aur 1985 key baad key sakht shore cumm karane key niyamon (unake injanon mein shaant kitt lagaae jaane key parinamswarup) kaa paalan karane kii donon ack-gyaarah sanskaranon kii kshamata, apane pratidvandiyon kii tulanaa mein biyaa kii pratispardha koo aur badhaa detee haye. isase apane pratidvandiyon key swaamitva vaale badey tour operators seey vyavasaay koo aakarshit karane mein madad millie, vishesh roop seey maadhyamik europeeya skii gantavyon key liye joe sardiyon mein seva karate they, jahaan biyaa key puraane vimaanon kii cumm yatra laagat inn-house airlines key takniki roop seey adhik unnat upkaran kii seat-meal laagat laabh seey adhik thee. isase tour operators key jokhim koo cumm karane mein madad millie, jisase donon pakshon key liye 'jeet-jeet' kii sthiti kaa pratinidhitva hotaa haye.
ack achchi tarah seey sadasyata praapt, baad key share bajar mein teji jisane biyaa kii kanuni sthiti koo ack niji swaamitva vaali company seey ack saarvajanik seemit company mein badal diyaa, bhavishya key vikas key liye vittaposhit kiya.
1980 key dashak key uttaraardh key dauran badee kshamata key atirikt, takniki roop seey unnat aim. dee.-83 ney biyaa koo tour operators koo 119-seat vaale ack-gyaarah 500 aur 228/235-seat boing 757-200 key beach kii jagah koo bharane key liye ack atyaadhunik vimaan pradaan karane mein saksham banaaya, joe usa avadhi key dauran apane urdhvaadhar roop seey ekikrit pratidvandiyon key bede parr teji seey haavi thaa. isane airline koo tour operators koo pratidvandi swatantra yuke airline danne-air dwara sanchaalit samaan aakar key boing 727-200 unnat kii tulanaa mein kaafee cumm parichaalan laagat key saath adhik unnat vimaan pradaan karane mein saksham banaaya.
thomas cook, antarrashtriya avkash samooh (aaee. ell. jee.) aur videshon mein maalikon sahit vibhinn package tour operators koo poore vimaan charter seeton key saath aapoorti karane key alawa, punargathit airline koo anya airlines dwara bhee anubandh kiya gayaa thaa taaki 1980 key dashak kii shuruat mein air florida aur 1980 key dashak key madhya key dauran virgine atlantic sahit apani bahu-charaniya anusoochit sevaaon key hisse koo sanchaalit karane key liye vimaan pradaan kiya jaa sakey. una avadhiyon key dauran biyaa vann-eleven 400 poorv key miyami-landan (gatwick)-amsterdam maarg key gatwick-amsterdam bhaag key saath-saath baad kii atlantic paar lambi doori kii sevaaon key liye ack gatwick-mastrich feeder sanchaalan kaa sanchaalan curr rahey they.
1980 key dashak key anta taka, bee. aaee. aeye. laabhdaayak hoe gayaa, jisase airline kaa safal vittiya parivartan puuraa hoe gayaa.
1988 key anta aur 1989 kii shuruat key dauran kaee hafton taka ilg koo biyaa kii bikri kii khoj key liye gahan vaartaaen aayojit kii gaeen. usa samay ilg ney biyaa kaa niyantran lene kii maang kii kyonki airline key sthaan teji seey bheedbhaad vaale gatwick mein they aur saath hii yeh tathya kii yeh ilg kii charter kshamata kaa ack pramukh aapurtikarta thaa. usa havaai adde parr ack pramukh nirdhaarit upasthiti banaane key liye, bee. aaee. aeye. key gatwick slot kii aavashyakta thee taaki saathi gatwick-adharit air europe, joe kii aaee. ell. jee. kii teji seey vistaar curr rahee airline sahayak company haye, koo saksham kiya jaa sakey. isake alawa, biyaa key ilg key swaamitva ney ilg key swaamitva vaale package tour operators koo, vishesh roop seey intasun, unaki charter airline seat inventory parr adhik niyantran diyaa hoga. isake alawa, gatwick seey dakshini itali mein sisili aur anya aalaa bajar gantavyon kii seva key liye biyaa key nirdhaarit maarg licenses ney apane nirdhaarit maarg network kii pahunch koo aur badhaane key liye havaai europe key prayason koo sambhaavit roop seey sahaayata pradaan kii hogi. haalaanki, donon paksh ack dridh saude taka pahunchane mein asamarth they jisake parinamswarup ilg ney biyaa kaa adhigrahan kiya hoga.
antatah, ack badey, vittiya roop seey majboot sangathan kaa hissa banane mein biyaa kii asamarthata, 1990 key dashak kii shuruat mein britten mein gahari mandee, saath hii saath badhate jett eendhan kii keemat aur 1990 kii garmiyon key dauran pahale khaadi yuddh key dauran package tour bajar key patan key parinamswarup isake yatri yatayat mein 38 pratishat kii kamee aaee (varsh pahale kii isi avadhi kii tulanaa mein) aur mukhya kaarak they jinhone punargathit biyaa koo 9 farwari 1991 koo sabhi sanchaalan bund karane key liye majboor kiya.
vimaan bedaa aur rojgar vivaran.
punargathit biyaa nimnalikhit vimaan prakaron kaa sanchaalan kartaa haih
1982 mein bedaa aur rojgar detta.
aprail 1982 mein, biyaa key bede mein 4 jett vimaan shamil they.
biyaa ney iss samay 115 logon koo kaam diyaa.
1985 mein bedaa aur rojgar detta.
march 1985 mein, biyaa key bede mein 6 jett vimaan shamil they.
biyaa ney iss samay 120 logon koo kaam diyaa.
1989 mein bedaa aur rojgar detta.
aprail 1989 mein, biyaa key bede mein 12 jett vimaan shamil they.
biyaa ney iss samay 480 logon koo kaam diyaa.
durghatanaaen aur ghatanaaen.
1970 seey 1980 taka apane duss saal key astitva key dauran mool biyaa dwara sanchaalit vimaan seey judee dou gair-ghaatak ghatanaaen darj kii gaee hain.
inmein seey pahali ghatana 20 disambar 1974 koo hui thee jisamen airline key handley pays dart herauld turboprops (panjikaranah jee-bbxj) mein seey ack jersey havaai adde parr ack landing durghatana mein shamil thaa. vimaan koo marammat seey parey nuksan pahuncha thaa lekin 54 savaaron mein seey koee ghayal naheen huaa thaa.
doosari ghatana 20 julaai 1975 koo hui. isamen company key handley pays dart heralds (panjikaranah jee-apwf) kaa ack aur hissa shamil thaa, joe landan gatwick seey ack nirdhaarit udaan parr gwernsey key liye prasthaan karate samay ack runway durghatana mein shamil thaa. pratyakshadarshi reports key anusaar, vimaan ney runway 26 seey udaan bharee aur vimaan key dhad key peechhe key hisse key runway parr vaapas aaney seey pahale apane landing gear key saath vaapas havaa mein dikhaai diyaa. udaan key commander key nirdesh parr dou kebin cru sadasyon dwara vimaan key chaalak dall key pravesh dwaar key madhyam seey surakshit roop seey nikaale gaye 41 yaatriyon sahit 45 yaatriyon mein seey koee bhee usa durghatana mein ghayal naheen huaa thaa. baad kii jaanch ney nishkarsh nikala kii yeh durghatana vimaan kii praarambhik chadhaai mein thheek seey sthaapit honey seey pahale landing gear koo vaapas lene key kaaran hui thee. anya sahayak karakon mein ack galat wing flap vinyas aur parinamswarup ghoornan mein aparyaapt vayu gati shamil thee. vimaan koo kaafee nuksan huaa aur havaa key yogya sthiti mein bahaal karane key liye vyaapak marammat kii aavashyakta thee.
uparokt dou ghatnaaon key alawa, 1979 mein, biyaa key rakharkhaav engineeron ney vimaan key niyamit nireekshan key dauran firm key kuchh herauld key fuselays mein thakan kii daraaron kii khoj kii thee. isake liye daraaron kii marammat key liye prabhaavit vimaan koo seva seey baahar nikaalana aavashyak thaa.
punargathit biyaa dwara sanchaalit ack vimaan seey judee ack abhilikhit, gair-ghaatak ghatana haye.
yeh ghatana 12 aprail 1988 koo hui thee. isamen ack-ack-paanch sou (panjikaranah jee-ayyab) shamil they. vimaan, jise gatwick key runway 08 ell (havaai adde key standbye runway) parr utarane key liye saaf curr diyaa gayaa thaa, anajaane mein samanantar taxiway parr utar gayaa. gatwick key niyantran tower mein ack havaai yatayat niyantrak, jisane aapaat runway key samanantar taxiway parr utarane key liye aaya huaa ack-gyaarah vimaan koo dekhaa, ney ack british airways boing 737 kaa adesh diyaa joe usee taxiway mein pravesh curr gayaa thaa taaki usey turant khaali kiya jaa sakey. isake parinamswarup 737 seedhe ghaas mein taxi chalaa rhaa thaa aur 737 kii sthiti key paschim mein ack-gyaarah rook rhaa thaa.
baahari link.
ingland mein 1970 key pratishthaan
1991 ingland mein vighatan

