
pahala siriyai ganarajya

pahala siriyai ganarajya, aadhikarik taur parr siriyai ganarajya, 1930 mein seeriya aur lebnan key liye janadesh key ack ghatak key roop mein banaaya gayaa thaa, joe seeriya raajya key baad aaya thaa. seeriya koo swatantrata dene aur aadhikarik francisi shasson koo samaapt karane key liye 1936 mein swatantrata kii ack sandhi kii gaee thee, lekin francisi sansad ney sandhi koo sweekaar karane seey incar curr diyaa. 1940 seey 1941 taka, siriyai ganarajya witchy france key niyantran mein thaa, aur 1941 mein sahayogi aakraman key baad dheere-dheere swatantrata kii or badhaa. swatantrata kii ghoshana 1944 mein hui, lekin kewal octuber 1945 mein sanyukt rashtra dwara maanyata praapt siriyai ganarajya "dee jeur" thaa; yeh 17 aprail 1946 koo francisi sainikon kii vaapsee key saath ack "vaastavik" samprabhu raajya bunn gayaa. 5 sitambar 1950 koo ack nae samvidhaan koo apanaane parr dusare siriyai ganarajya ney iska uttaradhikari banaa.
prishthabhoomi.
23 disambar, 1925 koo heinry dee jovenel koo seeriya key liye francisi uchchaayukt key roop mein niyukt kiya gayaa thaa, aur 28 aprail, 1926 koo uchchaayukt ney ahmed naami koo pradhaan mantri aur raajya key pramukh key roop mein niyukt kiya, jinhone chhah mantriyon seey milkar ack sarkaar banaai, jinamen seey teen rashtravadi they, aur yeh sarkaar key kaary agende parr francisi uchchaayukt key saath sahmat thaa, jisamen duss binduon koo gyaat kiya gayaa thaa, sabse mahatvapurna bindu theh 
maee 1926 aur farwari 1928 key beach ahmed naani dwara gathit teen sarkaaren apane agende koo puuraa karane mein asamarth theen. sitambar 1926 mein uchchaayukt heinry dee jovenel key sthaan parr heinry ponsot ney siriyai prashn key sambandh mein disha mein badalaav kiya, aur samanya maafi key vipareet, francisi aeye1926 ney sitambar 1926 mein teen rashtriya sarkaar key mantriyon koo giraftar kiya aur unhein lebnan mein nirvaasit curr diyaa.
francisi uchchaayukt ney mukhya siriyai rashtriya netaaon hashim all-atassi aur ibrahim hananu key saath bhavishya key samvidhaan parr berut mein charcha kii ack shrinkhala shuru kii, joe kissy bhee samjhaute parr pahunchane mein whiffle rahee. 15 farwari 1928 koo ahmed naami ney istifa dey diyaa aur uchchaayukt ney sheikh taaj all-deen all-hassani koo raajya kaa nayaa antarim pramukh niyukt kiya.
uchchaayukt ney chunaavon seey pahale ack aam maafi kaa adesh diyaa, ise ack samanya maafi karaar diyaa, lekin mahaan kranti seey sambandhit aaropon aur pramukh siriyai-lebnani rashtravadi netaaon jaise shukri all-kuwatali, abdel rahman shahbandar, faazi kawukji, ehsan jabri (seeriya), ameen ruiya aur mohamed shurki (alawi kshetra), sultan all-atrash (jabal druze), saath hii saath shakib arsalan aur shab waab (lebnon) koo chhodkar. isaliye, siriyai sashastr pratirodh netaa chunaavon mein bhaag lene mein asamarth they.
rashtravadiyon ney chunaavon kii taiyari mein ack nayaa raajneetik samooh banaaya jisamen poorv rashtriya party, peepuls party key kuchh sadasya aur swatantra vyakti shamil they, jinamen seey adhikansh sthaaniya hain, aur khud koo rashtriya gutt kahate hain, aur hashim all-atassi koo isake adhyaksh key roop mein chunaa gayaa thaa. aprail 1928 mein chunaav hue aur 70 sadasya chune gaye, aur parinam taya naheen kiye gaye, balki shahari rashtravadiyon aur graameen narampanthiyon key paksh mein they.
ack nae samvidhaan kii pariyojana parr aprail 1928 mein nirvaachit ack samvidhaan sabhaa dwara charcha kii gaee thee, lekin swatantrata samarthak rashtriya gutt ney bahumat hassil kiya thaa aur kaee anuchhedon koo daalane parr jore diyaa thaa "joe anivarya shakti key visheshadhikaron koo sanrakshit naheen karate they. 
samvidhaan sabhaa kii baithak 9 maee, 1928 koo sarkari parisar mein hui aur sarvasammati seey shree kaa chunaav kiya gayaa. haisham all-atasi isake adhyaksh key roop mein, aur heinry ponsot, uchchaayukt, aur taaj all-deen all-hassani, pradhaan mantri aur unake mantriyon key aagaman key baad. samvidhaan sabhaa ney samvidhaan key anuchhedon kaa paath karna shuru curr diyaa, phir baithak koo 11 agast, 1928 kii tarikh taka nilambit curr diyaa gayaa, jaba uchchaayukt, pradhaan mantri aur unake mantriyon kii upasthiti mein satra phir seey khola gayaa, phir samvidhaan key baaki anuchhedon kaa paath kiya gayaa, aur poore key roop mein matdan karane parr, samvidhaan sabhaa dwara isake sabhi 115 anuchhedon key liye anumodit kiya gayaa, jisamen chhah anuchhed (2,32,73,75,110,112 aur kaee rashtrapati aur senaa key adhikaariyon seey sambandhit) shamil they, joe janadesh key purush they, joe janadesh pranali key saath visangati key liye samvidhaan seey isake unmoolan kii ummeed curr rahey they. 
uchchaayukt ney gusse mein satra seey peechhe hutt gaye aur usake baad pradhaanmantri aur mantri aae aur unhone samvidhaan sabhaa key ayojan koo teen maheene kii avadhi key liye sthagit karane kaa nirnay jaari kiya, iss ummeed mein kii samvidhaan key chhah anuchhedon parr ack samjhauta hoe jaayega joe janadesh neeti kaa khandan karate hain, aur vaartaon koo sthagit karane kaa koee fayda naheen huaa. phir jaba 5 farwari, 1929 koo samvidhaan sabhaa ney apana satra khola, tou uchch aayog key raajneetik vibhajan key pramukh ney unhein aashcharyachakit curr diyaa aur upaayukton koo uchchaayukt kaa gyaapan padhaa, jisamen janadesh kii neeti kaa virodh karane vaale chhah lekhon koo samaapt karane aur samvidhaan sabhaa key nilamban koo anishchit kaal key liye ghoshit karane kaa ullekh thaa.  
anivarya siriyai ganarajya (1930-1946).
pahala siriyai samvidhaan.
14 maee, 1930 koo francisi uchchaayukt ney siriyai raajya key liye ack samvidhaan jaari kiya. 22 maee, 1930 koo seeriya raajya koo seeriya ganarajya ghoshit kiya gayaa thaa aur francisi uchchaayukt dwara ack nayaa siriyai samvidhaan jaari kiya gayaa thaa, usee samay mein jaba lebnan key samvidhaan, "regment doo sandjack dee 'alexandrate", alawi sarkaar kaa kaanoon, jabal druze raajya kaa kaanoon. iss samvidhaan mein ack nae jhande kaa bhee ullekh kiya gayaa thaah
siriyai dhwaj nimnanusar banaaya jaayega, lambai oonchaai seey doguni hogi. isamen samaan aayamon key teen baind honge, oopari baind haraa, madhya baind safed aur nichala baind kaalaa hoga. safed bhaag mein teen laal sitaare honge, jinamen seey pratyek mein paanch ank honge.
20 disambar, 1931 aur 4 janwari, 1932 key dauran, nae samvidhaan key tahat pahale chunaav ack chunavi kaanoon key tahat aayojit kiye gaye they, joe samvidhaan key anuchhed 37 dwara lagaae gaye "dhaarmik alpsankhyakon key pratinidhitva" key liye pradaan kartaa haye. francisi adhikaariyon dwara gahan vote-dhandhali key kaaran, 70 mein seey kewal 16 pratinidhiyon key saath nae pratinidhi mandal mein rashtriya gutt alpamat mein thaa. upa-pratinidhiyon mein siriyai kurdish rashtravadi zoyboon (khoybaun) party, khalil bey ibn ibrahim paacha (all-jazira praant), mustafa bey ibn shahin (jarabulus) aur hassan aunee (kurd daag) key teen sadasya bhee they. varsh key anta mein, 30 march seey 6 aprail taka, "poorak chunaav" hue. 11 juuna, 1932 koo siriyai chamber off deputies ney muhammad 'allie bey all-abid koo rashtrapati key roop mein chunaa, julaai 1932 mein "siriyai raajya" kaa naam badalkar "seeriya kaa ganarajya" curr diyaa gayaa. 
1933 mein, france ney france key paksh mein bhaari purvagrah vaali swatantrata kii sandhi lagu karane kaa prayaas kiya. isane dheere-dheere swatantrata kaa vaadaa kiya lekin siriyai pahaadon koo francisi niyantran mein rakhaa. usa samay raajya kaa siriyai pramukh ack francisi kathputali, muhammad 'allie bey all-abid thaa. iss sandhi key ugra virodh kaa netritva varishth rashtravadi aur saansad hashim all-atassi ney kiya, jinhone virodh mein 60 dinon kii hadtaal kaa ahwan kiya. atasi key raajneetik gathbandhan, rashtriya gutt ney unake ahwan key liye badey paimaane parr lokpriya samarthan jutaaya. dange aur pradarshan bhadke aur arthavyavastha thhap hoe gaee.
swatantrata kii franco-siriyai sandhi aur alexandrata kaa sandjack.
seeriya mein francisi uchchaayukt damien dee martel key saath march mein baatchit key baad, hashim all-atasi ack varishth rashtriya gutt key pratinidhimandal kaa netritva karate hue peris gaye. aprail-maee chunaavon key baad juuna 1936 mein gathit naee lokpriya morche key netritva vaali francisi sarkaar, rashtriya gutt koo siriyai logon key ekmatra vaidh pratinidhiyon key roop mein maanyata dene parr sahmat hui thee aur all-atasi koo swatantrata vaarta key liye aamantrit kiya thaa. parinamswarup sandhi mein 25 saal kii avadhi mein dheere-dheere poorna mukti key saath ack samprabhu ganarajya key roop mein siriyai swatantrata koo tatkaal maanyata dene kaa ahwan kiya gayaa.
1936 mein, swatantrata kii franco-siriyai sandhi parr hastakshar kiye gaye, ack sandhi jise fraansisi vidhaayika dwara anumodit naheen kiya jaayega. haalaanki, sandhi ney agale dou varshon key bheetar jabal druze, alavite kshetra (jise abb latakia kahaa jaataa haye) aur alekjendar koo siriyai ganarajya mein shamil karane kii anumati dee. grater lebnan (abb lebnan ganarajya) ekmatra raajya thaa joe siriyai ganarajya mein shamil naheen huaa thaa. hashim all-atasi, joe raajaa faisal key sankshipt shasankal (1918-1920) key dauran pradhaanmantri they, swatantrata sandhi key baad apanaae gaye nae samvidhaan key tahat chune jaane vaale pahale rashtrapati they.
sandhi ney pahale seey swaayatt druze aur alavite kshetron koo adhik seey adhik seeriya mein shamil karane kii guaranti dee, lekin lebnan mein naheen, jisake saath france ney navambar mein isi tarah kii sandhi parr hastakshar kiye. sandhi ney siriyai gharelu mamalon mein francisi hastakshep koo cumm karane key saath-saath seeriya mein francisi sainikon, karmiyon aur sainya thikaanon koo cumm karane kaa bhee vaadaa kiya. badale mein, seeriya ney yuddh key samay mein france kaa samarthan karane kaa vaadaa kiya, jisamen usake havaai kshetra kaa upayog bhee shamil thaa, aur france koo siriyai kshetra mein dou sainya thikaanon koo banaae rakhane kii anumati dee gaee. anya raajneetik, aarthik aur saanskritik praavdhaan shamil they.
atasi 27 sitambar, 1936 koo vijay praapt karke seeriya laut aae aur navambar mein ganarajya key rashtrapati chune gaye.
sitambar 1938 mein, france ney phir seey alexandrata key siriyai sanjak koo alag curr diyaa aur ise haite raajya mein badal diyaa. agale varsh juuna 1939 mein hete raajya turkey mein shamil hoe gayaa. seeriya ney turkey mein hete key samavesh koo maanyata naheen dee aur yeh mudda abhee bhee vartamaan samay taka vivaadit haye.
adolph hitler key ubharate khatare ney naazi germany dwara baahar kiye jaane kaa darr paida curr diyaa yadi france madhya poorv mein apane upaniveshon koo chhod detaa haye. francisi sarkaar key kuchh staron mein samrajyavadi jhukaav key saath, france ney apane vaadon parr punarvichaar kiya aur sandhi kaa anumodan karane seey incar curr diyaa. france ney alekjendar key sanjak koo bhee turkey koo saunp diyaa, jisake kshetra kii sandhi mein seeriya key hisse key roop mein guaranti dee gaee thee. dange phir seey bhadak uthhe, atasi ney istifa dey diyaa, aur dwiteeya vishva yuddh key baad taka siriyai swatantrata koo sthagit curr diyaa gayaa.
dwiteeya vishva yuddh aur swatantrata.
dwiteeya vishva yuddh key dauran 1940 mein france key patan key saath, seeriya witchy sarkaar key niyantran mein aaa gayaa jaba taka kii british aur swatantra francisi ney julaai 1941 mein desh parr aakraman naheen kiya aur kabja naheen curr liya. seeriya ney 1941 mein phir seey apani swatantrata kii ghoshana kii lekin 1 janwari 1944 taka ise ack swatantra ganarajya key roop mein maanyata naheen dee gaee.
1940 key dashak mein, britten ney gupt roop seey ack badey siriyai raajya key nirmaan kii vakaalat kii joe sainya, aarthik aur saanskritik mamalon mein britten koo tarjihi sthiti pradaan karega, badale mein philistine mein yahudi mahatvakanksha koo poori tarah seey roque dega. france aur sanyukt raajya america ney iss kshetra mein british aadhipatya kaa virodh kiya, jisake kaaran antatah israel kaa nirmaan huaa.
27 sitambar 1941 koo, france ney janadesh key aadhar parr aur janadesh key dhaanche key bheetar, siriyai raajya kii swatantrata aur samprabhuta kii ghoshana kii. ghoshana mein kahaa gayaa haye kii "seeriya aur lebnan kii swatantrata aur samprabhuta nyaayik sthiti koo prabhaavit naheen karegi kyonki yeh janadesh adhiniyam key parinamswarup hoti haye. vaastav mein, iss sthiti koo kewal sanyukt raajya kii sarkaar kii sahamati seey, 4 aprail, 1924 key franco-americi sammelan key hastaksharkarta, aur fraansisi sarkaar aur siriyai aur lebnani sarkaaron key beach francisi ganarajya key kaanoonon key anusaar vidhivat pushti kii gaee sandhiyon key nishkarsh key baad hii leag off nations kii parishad key samjhaute seey badala jaa sakata haye.
benkt bromes ney kahaa kii yeh dhyaan rakhna mahatvapurna thaa kii sanyukt rashtra key kaee sansthaapak sadasya they jinka raajya kaa darja saine francisco sammelan key samay sandigdh thaa aur france kii sarkaar abhee bhee seeriya aur lebnan koo janadesh maanati thee.
dunken holl ney kahaa, "iss prakaar, leag yaa usake uttaradhikari kii or seey kissy bhee aupchaarik kaarravaai key binaa siriyai janadesh koo samaapt curr diyaa gayaa haye. janadesh koo anivarya shakti kii ghoshana dwara samaapt curr diyaa gayaa thaa, aur nae raajyon kii swayam, unaki swatantrata kii ghoshana key baad, anya shaktiyon dwara binaa shart maanyata kii ack prakriya key baad, sanyukt rashtron mein aupchaarik pravesh mein samaapt huaa. charter key anuchhed 78 ney kissy bhee sadasya raajya key liye prashikshan kii sthiti koo samaapt curr diyaah 'nyasi pranali una kshetron parr lagu naheen hogi joe sanyukt rashtra key sadasya bunn gaye hain, jinake beach sambandh samprabhu samaantaa key siddhant key sammaan parr adharit honge.'" isaliye jaba sanyukt rashtra charter key paanch sthaayi sadasyon dwara anusamarthan key baad 24 octuber 1945 koo sanyukt rashtra sangh aadhikarik roop seey astitva mein aaya, kyonki seeriya aur lebnan donon sansthaapak sadasya raajya they, tou donon key liye francisi janadesh koo usa tarikh koo kanuni roop seey samaapt curr diyaa gayaa thaa aur poorna swatantrata praapt hui thee.
29 maee 1945 koo, france ney damishk parr bambari kii aur loktaantrik roop seey nirvaachit netaaon koo giraftar karane kii koshish kii. jaba francisi vimaan damascus parr bambari curr rahey they, taba pradhaan mantri faris all-khori saine francisco mein sanyukt rashtra key sansthaapak sammelan mein they, joe francisi janadesh seey swatantrata key liye seeriya key daave koo prastut curr rahey they.
siriyai swatantrata 24 octuber 1945 koo "dee jeur" praapt hui thee. siriyai rashtravadi samoohon aur british dabaav key nirantar dabaav ney francisi koo 17 aprail 1946 koo apane antim sainikon koo nikaalane key liye majboor curr diyaa.
swatantra pahala siriyai ganarajya (1946-1950).
samvaidhaanik sanshodhan.
1930 key samvidhaan mein 1947 mein sanshodhan kiya gayaa thaa.
1947 mein, seeriya antarrashtriya mudra kosh (aaee. aim. aff.) mein shamil hoe gayaa aur apani mudra koo yuu.aiss. dollar 2.19148 pound = 1 dollar parr, ack darr joe 1961 taka bunny rahee. lebani aur siriyai mudraaen 1948 mein vibhajit huin.
1948 arab-israel yuddh aur usake baad key parinam.
arab leag 1948 key arab-israel yuddh mein whiffle rahee.
husni all-zaim ney 1949 mein satta sambhali lekin usa varsh baad mein unaki mrityu hoe gaee. unake baad atasi ney safalata praapt kii.
1950 mein ack nae samvidhaan kaa masauda taiyar kiya gayaa aur ise apanaaya gayaa, joe dusare siriyai ganarajya kii shuruat koo chihnit kartaa haye.