
robbert see. stabin

robbert siril stabins (31 march, 1915-23 sitambar, 2013) ack americi jadee-bootiyon key visheshagya aur chitrakaar they, jinhen unake feeled guide aur lokpriya pustakon key saath-saath sarisripon aur ubhaycharon key adhyayan key liye jaanaa jaataa haye. pahali baar 1966 mein prakaashit unaki "paschimi sarisripon aur ubhaycharon key liye feeled guide" koo abhee bhee chitron kii gunavatta aur paath kii vyaapaktaa donon key kaaran apani tarah kaa nishchit sandarbh maanaa jaataa haye. 30 seey adhik varshon taka california vishvavidyalaya, berkley mein prani vigyaan key professor, way kasheruki prani vigyaan sangrahalaya mein jadee-bootiyon key pahale curator, 1949 key guggenheim fellow aur 70 seey adhik vaigyaanik lekhon key lekhak they. ensatina" salamanders mein ring prajaati kii ghatana kii unaki khoj abb prajaati vargeekaran kaa ack paathyapustak udaaharan haye, aur unhone sarisripon kii paarshvik aankh parr vyaapak shodh kiya. unhone prakriti filmon kaa nirmaan kiya, praathamik kakshaon mein vigyaan shiksha kaa samarthan kiya aur sanrakshan prayason kaa ayojan kiya, jisase 1994 key california registan sanrakshan adhiniyam koo paarit karane mein sahaayata millie. sevaanivritti key baad unhone chitra banaana, feeled notes ikattha karna aur kitaaben likhana jaari rakhaa. stabin koo teen prajaatiyon key vaigyaanik naamon mein yaad kiya jaataa haih "batrachoceps stabincy", "tehachapi slander salamander"; "anilla stabincy", ack pair rahit chhipakali; aur "ambistoma tigrinum stabincy", luptapray sonora tiger salamander.
praarambhik jeevan.
robbert stabins kaa janm 31 march, 1915 koo chiko, california mein maataa-pitaa siril edelbert aur luis stabins ("nee" beck) key ghar huaa thaa. angreji mool key wisconsin mein janme unake pitaa, chiko state normal school mein ack prashikshak they, jinhone shiksha mein bagwani key mahatva parr jore dete hue pakshiyon aur krishi parr bhee prakaashan kiya thaa. saat bachchon mein sabse badey, yuva robbert sthaaniya pakshiyon key baare mein seekhate hue aur uttari california key vanyajeevon kii khoj karate hue badey hue. unaki maan, jinka janm switzerland mein huaa thaa aur samanya vidyalaya mein shikshit theen, ney robbert mein kalaatmaktaa kii bhavna paida kii, apane khaali samay mein robbert aur unake bhaai-bahanon key liye chitra banaae. jaba stabins saat saal key they, unakaa parivaar saine francisco khaadi kshetra mein chalaa gayaa, jahan unake pitaa ney bachchon key liye krishi pathyakram parr kaam kiya aur california vishvavidyalaya, berkley mein padhaaya. nau saal kii umr key aspas, unakaa parivaar dakshini california chalaa gayaa, pahale pomona mein, phir sherman oaks, loss angils mein rahata thaa. stabin ney paas key saanta monika pahaadon mein lambi paidal yatra mein samay bitaaya, vanyajeevon kii khoj kii aur pakshiyon aur standhaariyon key namoonon kaa sangrah kiya jinhen unhone taiyar kiya aur khud parr chadhaaya. stabins ney north hollywood hyee school mein padhaai kii, jahan unake pitaa ney swachchata aur krishi sikhai. robbert ney 1933 mein snaatak kiya. unhone lagbhag solah saal kii umr mein apani kalaatmak pratibha kii khoj kii. unake shuruati kaam mein cartoon shamil theh unhone sahpaathiyon key kapadon parr chitra banaae aur yuva patrikaon mein cartoon kaa yogdan diyaa, jisase unhone kaee puraskar jeete.
vishvavidyalaya aur praarambhik carrier (1933-1945).
hyee school seey snaatak honey key turant baad, stabins ney california vishvavidyalaya, loss angils (yuu. see. ell. aeye.) mein dakhila liya. unhone shuru mein sivil engineering mein snaatak kiya, ise jeev vigyaan kii tulanaa mein ack behtar carrier vikalp samajhate hue, lekin karyakram seey nakhush hoe gaye. kharaab pradarshan aur janmajaat hriday samasyaon seey sambandhit swaasthya samasyaon seey joojhate hue, unhone dedh saal taka chhutti lii. swaasthya laabh key dauran, unhone apana dhyaan praakritik itihas kii or vaapas ghumaaya, aur vahaan key jeev vigyaan key professor raymond couls ney unhein yuu. see. ell. aeye. mein lautane key liye raaji kiya. naukari kii suraksha kii kathit kamee key bavjood stabin utsaah key saath laute, 1985 mein tippani karate hueh "main mahamandi key kaaran satark thaa, lekin main jeev vigyaan koo aage badhaane key liye dridh thaa, bhale hii iska matlab tinn kaa cup ack koney parr khadaa honah hoe."unhone apana pramukh prani vigyaan mein badal diyaa aur 1940 mein sarvocch sammaan key saath snaatak kiya.
snaatak honey key baad, stabins ney apana samay lassen jwalamukhiya rashtriya udyaan mein prakritivaadi key roop mein grishmakaaleen naukari aur yuu. see. ell. aeye. mein snaatak school mein adhyayan karane key beach vibhajit kiya. agale kuchh varshon mein unhone junier college, hyee school aur praathamik shiksha mein shikshan yogyata bhee praapt kii. stabin ney shuru mein pakshiyon kaa adhyayan karane kii yojana banaai, sadak parr daudane vaalon kii or dhyaan dete hue, lekin mahsoos kiya kii pakshi vigyaan key kshetra mein bahut bheed thee, jabaki sarisripon aur ubhaycharon key adhyayan, jadee-bootiyon key vigyaan ney nae shodh key liye adhik avsar pradaan kiye. couls unake snaatak salaahkaar baney. stabins key snaatak anusandhaan kaa mukhya kendra dakshin-paschim americi rait mein rahane vaali chhipkaliyon kaa ack samooh, frinz-pair vaali chhipkaliyon kaa jeev vigyaan thaa. apani snatkottar degree (1942 mein puuraa) key liye unhone chhipkaliyon key naak key maargon kii shaaririk sanrachana kaa adhyayan kiya, jisamen naak key maargon kii looped, ghode kii naal key aakar kii sanrachana kaa vistaar seey dastavejikaran kiya gayaa joe yuu-trap key roop mein kaary karati haye, jisase rait key kanon koo saans lene seey rokaa jaa sakata haye jabaki chhipkaliyan rait kii satah parr dabi hui hoti hain. unake ph.dee shodh prabandh (1943 mein puuraa huaa) ney chhipkaliyon key shaaririk, vyavhaar aur shaaririk anukoolan kaa aur pataa lagaaya. iss dauran unhone sidewinder rattlesnake key vyavhaar parr bhee prakaashit kiya, aur apane pitaa key saath milkar pakshiyon key liye dou feeled guide taiyar kiye, joe unake pitaa key paath koo chitran pradaan karate they. unaki pahali kitab, "vaha kaun saa pakshi haye?", parivaar key gairaj mein dabaaya gayaa thaa. stabins ney apane pitaa koo "praakritik itihas sikhaane mein chitron key vyaapak upayog mein ack tarah kaa agrani" maanaa, ack aisee parampara jise unhone baad mein apane karyon mein jaari rakhane kaa prayaas kiya.
8 juuna, 1941 koo, stabins ney annaa-rose cooper seey shaadi kii, joe antatah stabins key sabhi feeled guides kaa paath type karenge. unake hanimoon kaa ack hissa dakshinpurvi california kii ovens ghaati mein shivir mein bitaaya gayaa thaa.
carrier (1945-1978).
1945 mein stabins koo california vishvavidyalaya, berkley mein prani vigyaan key sahayak professor key roop mein niyukt kiya gayaa aur way kasheruki prani vigyaan sangrahalaya mein jadee-bootiyon key vigyaan key pahale curator baney, jahan way apane poore currier mein rahenge. berkley mein herpatology padhaane vaale pahale sankaay sadasya, unhone naee prayogshala niyamavali likhi, herpatology shikshan sangrah banaaya, aur kasheruki praakritik itihas parr ack lokpriya pathyakram koo saha-padhaaya.
salamander mein ring prajaati.
stabin jald hii "ensatina" salamander mein ruchi lene lagey, joe british kolambiya seey baajaa california taka paae jaate hain aur california key siera nevada aur tata shrinkhalaon donon mein maujood hain lekin madhya ghaati mein anupasthit hain. berkley mein salamander koo dakshini california key pahaadon mein dekhane key aadee logon seey bahut alag paate hue, unhone poore california mein rung antar kii jaanch karane key liye ack shodh karyakram shuru kiya. 1949 mein prakaashit apane parinami monograph mein, unhone prastaav diyaa kii rung kii kismein-jinhen pahale alag-alag prajaatiyon key roop mein maanaa jaataa thaa-vaastav mein ack hii prajaati kii vibhinn jaatiyan yaa upa-prajaatiyan theen joe adhikansh sthaanon parr paraspar prajanan karati theen jahaan dou roop saha-ghatit hotey hain, jisase sankar banate hain joe aanshik roop seey donon roopon seey milate-julate hain. haalaanki, madhya ghaati key dakshini kinare parr, jahan siera talhati kii aabaadi tata seema key logon key sampark mein aatee haye, aabaadi antar-prajanan naheen karati haye, balki alag prajaatiyon key roop mein kaary karati haye. iss ghatana koo ack valay vikhandan key roop mein jaanaa jaataa haye, jisamen vibhinn aabaadi vikhandan key vibhinn charanon kaa pratinidhitva karati haye, vaha prakriya jisake dwara ack prajaati dou hoe jaati haye. prani vigyaani arnold grobeman ney stabins key shodh koo binaa kissy sandeh key kahaa, americi salamander key ack vansh kaa sabse utkrisht adhyayan joe abhee taka prakat naheen huaa haye."ensatina" parisar taba seey shodh kaa kendra rhaa haye, aur vikaasvaadi prakriyaon kaa vyaapak roop seey upayog kiya jaane vaalaa paathyapustak udaaharan haye.
sarisrip paarshv netra.
dakshini california registan mein chhipkaliyon key saath stabin key shuruati kaam ney 1950 key dashak seey 1970 key dashak taka sarisripon kii paarshv aankh (jise "teesari aankh" bhee kahaa jaataa haye, joe maathe parr ack chhota saa prakaash-samvedansheel anga haye) aur sambandhit pineal granthi kii khoj key liye kagajon kii ack shrinkhala kaa netritva kiya, joe donon abb circadian lay koo prabhaavit karane key liye jaane jaate hain. rashtriya vigyaan foundation kii ack varishth postdoctoral fellowship kii sahaayata seey, stabin aur sahyogiyon ney paaya kii shalya chikitsa dwara hataai gaee paarshvik aankh vaali chhipkaliyon ney apana vyavhaar badal diyaah way dinn mein bahut pahale sakriya hoe gaeen, dhoop mein adhik samay bitaain, aur niyantran chhipkaliyon kii tulanaa mein bahut dair taka sakriya raheen. agale kuchh dashakon mein aage key adhyayanon mein tuatara kii parshvika aankh, chhipakali prajanan vyavhaar parr pineal granthi key prabhaav aur jeevaashm "standhari jaise sarisripon" jaise "lastrosaurus" mein parshvika khopadi key udghaatan parr dhyaan kendrit kiya gayaa. unake kaam kaa sarisrip jeev vigyaan seey parey prabhaav thaah nobel puraskar vijeta julius accelrod ney stabin aur anya logon key kaam koo padhane key baad, standhaariyon mein pinal granthi kii jaanch shuru kii, jisamen gatividhi chakron parr melatonin key prabhaav parr jore diyaa gayaa. taba seey melatonin maanav swaasthya koo prabhaavit kartaa paaya gayaa haye. stabins koo apane paarshvik aur pineal kaam parr garv thaa, ise "sambhavatah shodh kaa ekmatra tukada joe mujhe sabse adhik santushti detaa haye."
anya anusandhaan, sanrakshan aur kshetra maargdarshak.
1949 mein stabin koo ack guggenheim fellowship millie jisane unhein poore paschimi sanyukt raajya mein apani padhaai kaa vistaar karane aur apani pahali ubhayachar kshetra niyamavali taiyar karna shuru karane key liye paryaapt samagri ekatra karane kii anumati dee. inmein seey pahala dikhaai dene vaalaa "paschimi uttari america key ubhayachar" (1951, university off california press) thaa, joe yuu. aiss. koo cover kartaa thaa.aiss. aur kanada 102vein meridian key lagbhag paschim mein haye. apani poornata key saath-saath isake chitron key liye prashansit, pustak "nirvivaad roop seey 51 prajaatiyon key baare mein adhik jaankaari pradaan karati haye... isase pahale key kissy bhee mamle kii tulanaa mein, "charles aim ney likhaa. bogartah "pratyek prajaati aur upa-prajaati key liye pradaan kiye gaye maanchitra abb taka prakaashit kissy bhee maanchitra key sabse vistrit aur sateek hain."stabins key dusare herpatological feeled guide", "amphibian aur paschimi uttari america key sarisrip" (1954, mcgra-hill) kii isi tarah prashansa kii gaee thee.
1964 mein stabin ney ack shodh abhiyaan parr gallapagos dweepon kaa daura kiya aur samudri iguana aur laava chhipkaliyon kii paaristhitiki aur vyavhaar kaa adhyayan kiya. abhiyaan mein roser tory pieterson bhee they, jinhone yaad kiya kii "jabaki baaki loga adhik dooradraj key dweepon aur samudri-cummer kii chattanon parr uchch romanch kaa anand leey rahey they, unhone dhairyapoorvak 200 tanga chhipkaliyon koo ack chhad seey latkaaya gayaa dhaga key fandaa key saath fansaaya. unhone unake clocal tapman koo liya, unhein rung seey chihnit kiya, aur phir unhein radiodharmi iodene kaa khuraak diyaa, jisase way baad mein ack geiger counter key saath mayawi sarisripon kaa pataa lagaane mein saksham hue."1966 mein, stabins ney apani sabse prasiddh pustak" "aeye feeled guide too western reptiles aind amphibians" "(pieterson feeled guide) kaa nirmaan kiya, jise pieterson ney" "ack classic" "kahaa... shrinkhala mein sabse sunder aur saath hii vidvaanon kii kritiyon mein seey ack.
stabin shiksha aur sanrakshan key liye bhee pratibaddh they. unhone tv shrinkhala "science inn action" mein upasthiti darj karaai, vigyaan shiksha koo badhaava dene key liye asia kii yatra kii, aur ack vishvavidyalaya kii adhyakshata kii.see. praathamik vidyalaya vigyaan pariyojana jisane sifarish kii kii bachchon koo chhah saal kii umr mein vigyaan padhaaya jaae. siera club key saath milkar unhone dou shaikshik filmon kaa nirmaan kiyaah "nature next door" (1962) aur "noo room forr wildern?"(1967). stabins ney vyaapak roop seey upayog kii jaane vaali pathyapustakon "samanya prani vigyaan" (5vaan sanskaran) key sanshodhanon kaa saha-lekhak thaa., 1972; chhathaa sanskaran.1979) aur "prani vigyaan key tatva" (chautha sanskaran.1974), mool roop seey tracy storer aur robbert usinger dwara likhi gaee pustaken.
1960 key dashak key anta mein stabin dakshini california key registani paaristhitiki tantra parr teji seey lokpriya off-road vaahan (oh. aar. vee.) driving key prabhaavon key baare mein chintit hoe gaye-kuchh sthaanon parr paryavaraniya ksharan dekhaa gayaa, jinka unhone snaatak school key dauran adhyayan kiya thaa-aur sakriya roop seey ack dashak seey adhik key sanrakshan prayason mein shamil hoe gaye. stabin aur unake sahyogiyon ney oh. aar. vee. kshetron mein aur unake aspas key jeevon kii vividhata kaa adhyayan kiya, bhoomi prabandhan adhikaariyon key beuro koo shodh key baare mein bataaya, aur rashtrapati jimmi carter seey registanon mein sabhi-kshetra vaahan upayog koo seemit karane key liye yachika daayar kii. stabin koo orv savaaron aur unake pairveekartaon key virodh kaa saamana karna padaah "americi motorcycle chaalak" patrika ney unhein registan mein motor chaalit vaahanon key khilaf yuddh mein ack kattar unmoolanvaadi kahaa."stabin key prayason ney antatah 1994 key california registan sanrakshan adhiniyam koo paarit karane mein madad kii, jisane mojaave rashtriya sanrakshan kii sthaapana kii aur joshua vriksh aur mrityu ghaati koo rashtriya smarakon seey adhik sanrakshit rashtriya udyaanon mein unnat kiya. 1998 mein yuu. aiss. mein stabin koo maanyata dee gaee thee.aiss. pratinidhi george miller dwara congress aur 10 paryaavaran netaaon mein seey ack key roop mein "contra costa times" koo unaki sakriyata key liye "rashtriya khajaana" maanaa jaataa haye.
anya shodhon mein kolambiya, dakshin africa aur australia mein kshetra kaary aur kaee prajaatiyon kaa vivaran shamil thaah jamez parvat salamander, dakshini dhaar salamander, pealy aankho vaali ensatina aur panamint magarmachcha chhipakali. berkley mein unake samay key dauran unake sammaan mein dou salamanders kaa naam rakhaa gayaa thaah tehachapi slander salamander ("batrachoceps stabincy") aur sonora tiger salamander ("ambistoma tigrinum stabincy"). berkley mein apane 32 varshon mein, stabins 29 snaatak chhatron key salaahkaar they, jinamen waid fox, richard jee shamil they. zweefel, aur aar. buras dafan. 1978 mein yuu. see. berkley seey unaki sevaanivritti key baad, stabins koo sarvocch sankaay sammaan, berkley prashasti patra seey sammaanit kiya gayaa.
sevaanivritti varsh (1978-2013).
sevaanivritt honey key baad, stabin chitrakala, sanrakshan aur shiksha mein sakriya rahey, aur praakritik itihas avalokan karna jaari rakhaa. unhone 1985 mein aur phir 2003 mein apane prasiddh aur vyaapak roop seey upayog kiye jaane vaale "feeled guide" koo sanshodhit kiya. unhone 1997 mein poorv chhaatr nathan kohain key saath gair-visheshagya pustak "ubhaycharon kaa ack praakritik itihas" kaa saha-lekhan kiya, aur 2012 mein ack anya poorv chhaatr saimuel mcguinness key nae yogdan key saath "california ubhaycharon aur sarisripon key liye feeled guide" koo sanshodhit kiya. 2009 mein unhone "prakriti key saath judanaah ack prakritivaadi kaa pariprekshya" naamak ack pustak kaa nirmaan kiya, jiska uddeshya bachchon koo prakriti seey jodane mein madad karna thaa. unhone kalaa key atirikt paath liye, paridrishya, african vanyajeev, chitra aur sthir jeevan koo shamil karane key liye apane vishay kaa vistaar kiya, aur violine koo apanaaya, jiska unhone dashakon pahale adhyayan kiya thaa. unake chitron koo berkley, taad key jharanon aur oregan mein deerghaon aur sangrahalayon mein dikhaaya aur becha gayaa haye.
stabins california vigyaan akadami key ack sadasya they, jisane unhein 1991 mein apana sarvocch sammaan, adhyeta padak seey sammaanit kiya thaa.
stabins kaa 98 varsh kii ayu mein 23 sitambar, 2013 koo eugene, oregan mein unake ghar parr nidhan hoe gayaa, joe pichhale varsh kii tulanaa mein bigadate swaasthya mein they. unake parivaar mein unaki patni aur teen bachche they. unaki mrityu seey kewal ack saptah pahale, unhein pair rahit chhipakali kii ack naee varnit prajaati, "anilla stabincy" key vaigyaanik naam seey sammaanit kiya gayaa thaa. unake sangrahit feeled notes, jinamen 35 seey adhik baadhya khand shamil hain, kasheruki prani vigyaan key sangrahalaya mein sangraheet hain.
stabin".
stabins kii pustak "paschimi sarisripon aur ubhaycharon key liye ack feeled guide", pahali baar 1966 mein prakaashit hui aur 1985,2003 aur 2018 mein sanshodhit, americi jadee-bootiyon key liye vyaapak roop seey "kshetra kii bible" maani gaee haye. aksar kewal "stabin" key roop mein sandarbhit, iss pustak ney prakritividon aur jadee-bootiyon key visheshagyon kii peedhiyon koo shikshit aur prerit kiya haye. guide key prabhaav parr, yuu. see. saanta barbara key professor saimuel sweet ney kahaa, "usa pustak seey pahale, aggar loga saampon kii talash mein baahar jaate they, tou yeh isaliye thaa taaki way unhein paltu jaanvaron kii dukaanon mein bechane yaa buss apane doston koo dikhaane key liye ikattha curr sakein. [stabins] ney joe kiya vaha pakshi dekhane jaisi sthiti mein parivartan karane mein madad curr rhaa thaa, jahaan jaanvaron koo dekhana aur unhein akela chhodana thheek hoe gayaa."2017 mein pustak koo bookfinder mein #7 sthaan diyaa gayaa thaa.comm kaa "out-off-print aur maang mein", out-off-print shirshakon key liye sabse adhik khoje jaane vaale shirshakon kii ack soochi.
1966 mein, hutton-mifflin company ney pahali baar apani pieterson feeled guide shrinkhala key hisse key roop mein "paschimi sarisripon aur ubhaycharon key liye ack feeled guide" prakaashit kiya. stabin kii pichhali pustakon key kuchh chitron koo shamil karate hue, kalaakriti kii uchch gunavatta koo turant pahachaana gayaa, saath hii lekhan kii gunavatta aur poornata koo bhee. jeevvigyaani david bee. wake, phir shikago vishvavidyalaya key lekin baad mein berkley mein stabin key saath kaam karane key liye, ekmatra "gambhir dosh" koo saamp key kaatane kii praathamik chikitsa key kissy bhee coverage kii anupasthiti maanaa jaataa haye. wake ney yeh bhee nott kiya kii jaba pahale key pieterson guide key saath purvi sarisripon aur ubhaycharon key liye rogger connent dwara jodaa gayaa tou bhaugolik kshetra 75 meal seey laker 400 meal seey adhik chauda thaa.
1985 mein prakaashit dusare sanskaran mein kaee parivartan shamil they jaise kii 37 naee prajaatiyan, chitron kii 12 naee platein, baajaa california praaydweep kii sthaanik prajaatiyon koo shamil karna aur spashtata badhaane key liye chune gaye nae samanya naam. apani 1986 kii sameeksha mein, sweet ney apoorna gyaan kii spashtata parr tippani keeh "pahali baar hamaare paas ack feeled guide haye joe spasht roop seey ingit kartaa haye kii kaun see vargeekaran sambandhi vyaakhyaaen asthaayi hain aur kahaan vitaran aur jeevan itihas kii visheshataaen cumm gyaat hain."adhik sangrah key prabhaav key baare mein chintit, stabin ney jaanvaron koo ikattha karane aur rakhane key dayare koo cumm curr diyaa, aur jaharile saampon koo sambhaalane parr ack khand koo bhee hataa diyaa.
2003 mein prakaashit teesare sanskaran mein 36 naee prajaatiyan aur kaee nae chitra shamil they. stabin ney haal key prakashanon kii matra key kaaran vartamaan vaigyaanik saahitya key saath adyatit rehna sabse kathin kaary maanaa. chautha sanskaran 2018 mein maranoparant prakaashit kiya gayaa thaa, jisamen saimuel mcguinness saha-lekhak they. isamen teesare sanskaran key 281 kii tulanaa mein 332 prajaatiyan shamil hain, joe pichhale 15 varshon mein vargeekaran parivartanon kaa parinam haye, halanki naee shamil prajaatiyon mein seey kewal dou hii sachitra hain.

