darughachi

darughachi (mangol roop) yaa bascuck (turkey roop) mool roop seey mangol samrajya mein naamit adhikaari they joe ack nishchit praant mein karon aur prashaasan key prabhaari they. mangolian shabd kaa bahuvachan roop "darugha" haye. unhein kabhi-kabhi rajyapal key roop mein sandarbhit kiya jaataa thaa. yeh shabd cheeni mein (faarsih) aur yaa turkey, pinyin mein yaa jaid-gills (paaramparik cheeni varnah; saralikrit cheeni varnah) mein mell khaata haye.
itihas.
yeh sheershak 1211 seey change khaan key shasson key tahat sthaapit kiya gayaa thaa. "mangolon kaa gupt itihas" bataata haye kii 1237 aur 1240 key beach kipchak aur russ key aakraman aur vijay key baad, ögödei ney una logon koo niyantrit karane key liye "darugasin" aur "tammasin" rakhaa jinake shahar ornas, sasson, bolghar aur keev they.
yuan rajvansh key tahat, "jhangguan" kii upaadhi ney poorv padnam koo badal diyaa-pratyek prashaasnik upkhand key liye ack aisaa adhikaari thaa, jahaan rajyapal aur senaaon key pramukh key karyon koo sanyukt kiya gayaa thaa. yeh upaadhi kendra sarkaar key karyalaya key pramukh koo bhee dee gaee thee. yeh avesh aamtaur parr ack mangol parr girata haye, shayed ack semu parr, iss prakaar mangolon key bheetar shakti key sanrakshan kii guaranti detaa haye. haalaanki, kuchh anya aabaadi key paas karibi karyon key saath ack prashaasnik sheershak hoe sakata haye.
yange key granthon mein ullekh haye kii jaba darugha turfan koo badal diyaa jaae tou usey badee matra mein sonaa aur chaandi dee jaani chaahiye.
turkey shabd mangolian sroton mein dikhaai naheen detaa haye. russie sroton mein, "darughachi" koo lagbhag hamesha (bahuvachanah) key roop mein sandarbhit kiya jaataa thaa. way mangol vijay key turant baad 13veen shatabdi mein dikhaai dete hain, lekin 1328 taka vaapas leey liye gaye aur vladmir key grand prince (aamtaur parr masco key prince) khaan key curr sangraahak aur shaahi bete ("kurgan") bunn gaye, jinhen soney kii bheed key liye "daan" yaa roose kii riyasaton seey shraddhanjali ekatra karane kaa kaam saunpa gayaa.
13veen shatabdi mein, mangol "daarughon" key pramukh vladmir aur baghdad mein tainaat they. mangol samrajya ney pahale (chhah) akramanon key baad 1231 mein darughachi koo gorio bhejane kaa prayaas kiya. kuchh abhilekhon key anusaar, 72 darughachi bheje gaye aur mangol sainya senaa koo vaapas leey liya gayaa. haalaanki, baar-baar vidroh aur mangol prabhutva key prati nirantar gorio pratirodh (mool darughachi joe sabhi 1232 kii garmiyon mein gorio balon dwara maare gaye they) ney darughachi koo khadaa karna mushkil banaa diyaa. jabaki darughachi kii vaastavik sankhya key baare mein sawal hain, sabse vishvasaniya srot ("gorio-saa" sahit) ingit karate hain kii cumm seey cumm kuchh darughachi mangol samrajya key liye apane jagirdar kii avadhi key liye gorio mein tainaat they. 72 darughachi koo darshaaya gayaa maujooda record apane aap mein ack puraane record kii vyutpatti thee joe khou gayaa haye; goryo itane saare darughachi key yogya honey key liye ack kshetra bahut chhota thaa; 72 darughachi mein seey kissy kaa bhee naam naheen haye, joe unaki sthiti key mahatva koo dekhate hue asamanya haye. jabaki koria mein darughachi kaa aage ullekh maujooda sroton mein durlabh haye; 1259 mein gorio aur mangol samrajya key beach shaanti sthaapit honey key baad koria koo samrajya key jagirdar key roop mein sthaapit kiya gayaa, koria mein darughachi kaa sthaan ack adhik sthir prastaav thaa.
1921 key baad mangolia mein uchch-stariya adhikaariyon key liye shabd key roop mein abhijaat varg key "noyan" kii jagah shabd ('boss') ("darugha" key liye khalkha) ney leey lii.

