
donald finkel

donald alekjendar finkel (21 octuber, 1929-15 navambar, 2008) ack americi kavi they jinhen unaki aparamparaagat shailiyon aur "jigyasu juxtapositions" key liye jaanaa jaataa thaa.
jeevan.
finkel kaa janm 21 octuber, 1929 koo newyork shahar mein huaa thaa. vaha bronx mein paley-badhe aur ack yuva key roop mein ack moortikaar banane kii akanksha rakhate they. unhone shikago vishvavidyalaya mein bhaag liya, kewal marizuana dhumrapan karane key liye nishkaasit kiya gayaa. finkel ney kolambiya vishvavidyalaya mein bhaag liya, jahan unhein 1952 mein darshanshastra mein snaatak kii degree seey sammaanit kiya gayaa thaa. unhone 1953 mein kolambiya seey angreji mein master degree arjit kii.
unhone sent washington vishvavidyalaya mein ack sankaay pada sweekaar karane seey pahale, ayova vishvavidyalaya mein ayova lekhakon kii karyashala aur anandale-onn-hudson, newyork mein bard college mein padhaaya. 1960 mein lui. finkel ney 30 seey adhik varshon taka washington vishvavidyalaya mein padhaaya, aur vahaan ack mahatvapurna saahityik dayare kaa ack abhinn sadasya thaa jisamen upanyaskar aur kathaa lekhak steinly alkin aur villium gais, kavi howard nemrav, monaa vaine duin aur johnn morris, aalochak naomi lebovitz aur richard stang, aur "pariprekshya" key sampaadak aur prakaashak jarvis thurston shamil they. unhone 1991 taka washington vishvavidyalaya mein padhaaya, aur 2008 mein apani mrityu taka vahaan kavi-inn-residence emeritus they. finkel kii patni, constance urdang, ack upanyaskar aur kavi, 1996 mein unaki mrityu hoe gaee. unake bete, tomm, sent key alawa. lui, unake parivaar mein dou betiyaan hain, portland kii leeza finkle, ayask., aur sent key ammy finkel. lui; ack sautela bhaai, mainhattan key david finkel; aur dou potey-potiyaan.
kavita.
dee witt bell, 1964 kii ack sameeksha mein, jise finkel key kaam "simone" kahaa jaataa haye, mahaan "elaan" kii ack pustak, joe vishva drishtikon mein majboot aur shally mein jordar haye. kavi aur kavitaaen donon hii anand leey rahey hain."
finkel koo 1968 mein antarctica bheja gayaa thaa, joe rashtriya vigyaan foundation dwara praayojit ack vaigyaanik abhiyaan key hisse key roop mein kalakaron koo antarctica bhejane key liye thaa. iss yatra ney 1972 mein ack pustak-lambai kavita, "paryaapt prithvi" koo janm diyaa, aur yeh vishay unaki 1978 kii pustak, "sahanshaktih ack antarctic idel" mein phir seey dikhaai diyaa.
finkel ney apani kavitaon koo swatantra kavita mein likhaa, jisamen ack dusare key khilaf vibhinn vishayon koo jodaa gayaa. unaki kuchh kavitaaen behad lambi theen, jinamen seey ack hii kavita ack khand mein bhar gaee thee. finkel amurtata seey bhatak gaye aur apane lekhan mein samanya bhasha kaa upayog kiya. way apani kavitaon koo kaee prakaar kii kritiyon seey liye gaye khandon key saath jodate they, jisamen lenny broose, admiral richard avalin burd, albert camus aur fraans kafka sahit lekhakon key lekhan shamil they, taaki "nyu york times" koo "bahustariya, murtikala dwidal" key roop mein varnit kiya jaa sakey, jisake madhyam seey shree. finkel ney paathak kii iss bhavna kaa vistaar kiya kii shally mein kyaa sambhav thaa."finkel kii kuchh sabse prasiddh kavitaon mein vishal gufa key baare mein unakaa 1968 kaa kaam" "jawab vaapas", "paryaapt prithvi", aur unakaa 1987 kaa kaam "" dha wake off dha electron "" shamil haye joe navik donald croherst kii kahani seey prerit thaa, jinaki 1969 mein ravivaar key samay golden globe races mein pratispardha karate hue mrityu hoe gaee thee. 
kavita kii 14 pustaken aur anya kritiyaan joe unhone prakaashit kii hain, unamen "simone" (1964), "aeye joyful noise" (1966), "dha garbage wars" (1970), "aeye mott inn havens aaee" (1975), "anduranceh aine antarctic edeal" (1978), "goeing under" (1978), "what methed off beast" (1981) aur "nott sou dha kursisah selected aind nyu poems" (2003) shamil hain. unhone 1991 mein prakaashit carolin kaijar key saath "loktantra andolan seey ack vibhajit darpanah cheeni kavita" kaa anuvaad kiya.
arth kaa aavishkaar
shuru mein haath thaa 
aur haath kii kavita, 
ack saans rahit trop, ack tairta huaa chitralipi, 
paani kii tarah nirbaadh.
phir haath bolaa, aur haath bolaa 
arth honey dou", aur arth gaaya gayaah 
pyaar honey dou", aur haath 
mitty key ack aur haath koo aakar diyaa.
abb jahan thaa 
lekin ack arth, dou they. 
tou haath raat bhar ladate rahey 
jaba taka unhone naheen dekhaa, yeh vyarth thaa.
isaliye unhone milkar khud koo aakar diyaa 
ack chaalaak bhasha, madhyasthata karane key liye. 
abb, jahan dou arth they, 
teen they.
aur haath ack dusare koo kaatate hain, 
dhansa huaa, aur jeebh ney apana adhikaar leey liya.
- donald finkel
seh praakritik pull
murtikala aur mrityu.
apani mrityu seey pahale, finkel murtikala mein laut aaya, batanon, botalon aur anya paaee gaee vastuon seey tukade banaae, ack prakriya mein jise usane "dracolage" kahaa.
15 navambar, 2008 koo 79 varsh kii ayu mein sent pietersberg mein apane ghar parr unakaa nidhan hoe gayaa. lui, alzheimer roga kii jatilataon kii misauri.

