
indiana white cap

safed topi safed topi mein shamil samooh they joe 19veen shatabdi key anta mein dakshini indiana mein kaam curr rahey they. way chaukas nyaay aur linching mein lagey hue they. aadhunik samay mein, unhein aksar aatankvaad mein shamil honey key roop mein dekhaa jaataa haye. way americi grihyuddh key baad raajya mein aam hoe gaye aur 20veen shatabdi key anta taka chaley. 1880 key dashak key anta mein safed topi vishesh roop seey crofford aur padosi county mein sakriya they. 1868 mein reno giroh key kaee sadasyon kii peat-peetkar hatyaa curr dee gaee thee, jisase ack antarrashtriya ghatana hui thee. kuchh sadasyon koo kanada seey sanyukt raajya america mein pratyarpit kiya gayaa thaa aur unhein sanghiya sanrakshan key tahat honah thaa. anya apraadhiyon key khilaf linching jaari rahee, lekin jaba 1889 mein corridon mein dou sambhavatah nirdosh purushon kii hatyaa curr dee gaee, tou indiana ney safed topi vaale chaukas samoohon parr nakel kaskar pratikriya dee, jisaki shuruat isaq pee key prashaasan seey hui. gray.
indiana key governor james aeye. mount safed topi samoohon mein seey ack seey sambandhit thaa, aur samoohon koo rokane kii koshish karane kii raajya neeti koo ulat diyaa. unake uttaradhikari, winfield tii. durbin ney 1900 mein neeti koo phir seey shuru kiya, indiana mahasabha dwara ack majboot linching virodhi kaanoon paarit karane key dou saal baad. jaba 1902 mein winsense mein ack linching hui tou durbin ney kaee kaanoon pravartan karmiyon koo unake padon seey hataa diyaa, yeh dikhaane key liye kii unhein ummeed thee kii sthaaniya loga linching koo rokane mein sahyog karenge. usaki yojana kaam aaee, aur jaba agale varsh ack linching kii dhamki dee gaee tou sthaaniya pulis ney durbin koo soochit kiya, jisane jail house kii raksha key liye raajya key milicia koo bulaaya. jaba safed topi samoohon ney jailhouse parr hamla kiya, tou milicia ney golibari shuru curr dee; ack kii maut hoe gaee aur cumm seey cumm gyaarah ghayal hoe gaye.
bull key pradarshan ney indiana mein satarkatapurna linching koo prabhaavi dhang seey samaapt curr diyaa. taba seey kewal dou darj linching hui hain, 1930 mein thomas ship aur abram smith kii hatyaa. indiana mein linching spasht roop seey nasleeya naheen thee, lekin hatyaa key sandeh mein kissy key khilaf honey kii pravritti thee. 1860 aur 1910 key beach, cumm seey cumm 68 logon kii peat-peetkar hatyaa curr dee gaee thee; bees ashwet they aur adtalis gorey they.
praarambhik safed topi gatividhi.
reno gaing linching.
americi grihyuddh key baad key varshon mein, dakshini indiana ney kaee uchch-profile aaparaadhik ghatnaaon kaa anubhav kiya. reno giroh ney yuddh key turant baad key varshon mein iss kshetra koo aatankit karna shuru curr diyaa, joe trains koo lootana shuru karane vaalaa desh kaa pahala giroh bunn gayaa. unhone graameen shaharon koo loot liya, yaatriyon kii hatyaa curr dee aur lootpaat kii aur logon key khilaf andhadhundh hinsa key kaee kritya kiye. raajya pulis samooh koo niyantran mein laane mein asamarth thee, lekin pinkerton agency koo loot kii gaee train companiyon mein seey ack dwara samooh kaa peechha karane aur usey pakadane key liye kaam parr rakhaa gayaa thaa. gulabi rung key logon koo giroh key netaaon koo pakadane mein ack saal lugg gayaa aur shahar key loga pahale seey hii giroh seey savdhan hoe gaye they aur 1868 mein "jackson county kameti off vigilance" kaa gathan kiya thaa, joe indiana mein safed topi samoohon mein seey pahale mein seey ack thaa. sambhavatah grih yuddh key diggajon seey baney, unhone jail parr hamla kiya jahan purushon koo rakhaa gayaa thaa aur unamen seey teen kii peat-peetkar hatyaa curr dee gaee thee. giroh key chaar aur sadasyon koo kanada mein pakad liya gayaa aur unhein sanyukt raajya america mein pratyarpit curr diyaa gayaa. hood vaale purushon key usee samooh ney raat mein yatra kii, gathan mein march karate hue unhone naee albeny jail parr hamla kiya jahaan kaidiyon koo rakhaa gayaa thaa, county sheriff koo ghayal curr diyaa, aur purushon koo peat-peetkar maar daala.
unaki hatyaon key kaaran grate britten key saath ack antarrashtriya ghatana hui, jinhone yeh jaanane kii maang kii kii unhein paryaapt roop seey sanrakshit kyon naheen kiya gayaa thaa aur sanyukt raajya key saath unaki pratyarpan sandhi koo radd karane kii dhamki dee. giroh key apraadhon kii gambhirta koo dekhate hue, aur lagbhag nishchit roop seey ack mukadame key baad unhein bhee vahee nuksan uthaana padaa hoga, raajya sarkaar ney safed topi samooh key khilaf koee kaarravaai naheen kii.
naitik pulis.
agale dashak mein raajya bhar mein safed topi samoohon kaa uday honah shuru hoe gayaa. 1870 key dashak key madhya taka, raajya key ghode chor jasusi sangh jaise kaee aise samooh they, joe ghode key choron key khilaf satarkataapoorvak nyaay karate they. samooh gupt roop seey kaam karate they, aur unake sangathan mein rajmistri prabhaav kaa ack tatva thaa. samooh indiana key dakshini bhaag mein sabse adhik prachalit they, aur vishesh roop seey harrison aur crofford county mein. kaee samoohon ney naitikta koo lagu karane vaalon key roop mein shuruat kii. way sharabiyon koo nishana banaane key liye jaane jaate they, logon koo bekaar maanaa jaataa thaa, aur aise purush joe apane parivaaron kii dekhbhal naheen karate they. aise logon koo aksar apaharan kiya jaataa thaa aur kode maare jaate they.
unhone jald hii una mahilaaon koo lakshit karna shuru curr diyaa joe apane ghar aur bachchon kii paryaapt dekhbhal naheen curr rahee theen, joe school seey aae hue they, aur joe loga sadak pariyojanaon parr kaam karane jaise nagrik kartavya seey kataraate they. 1870 key dashak key anta taka, samoohon ney sajaa key liye apraadhiyon koo nishana banaana shuru curr diyaa thaa, aur chhitput linching karna jaari rakhaa.
raajya kaarravaai.
praarambhik upaay.
13 juuna, 1889 koo, corridon mein dou logon kii peat-peetkar hatyaa karane seey satark logon key baare mein kuchh karane key liye akrosh fail gayaa. bees nakabposh safed topi key netritva mein 150 ghudsavaar purushon kii bheed county jail mein pahunchi aur hatyaa key prayaas key aarop mein dou logon (james davin aur charles tennison) kii hirasat mein rihaai kii maang kii. samooh key netaaon ney jail kii chabiyon kii maang kii, aur dhamki dee kii aggar unhein manaa curr diyaa gayaa tou shahar koo jalaa diyaa jaayega; jaba sheriff ney chaabiyan saunpane seey incar curr diyaa, tou bheed ney jail key darvaajon koo khatkhataane key liye hathaudon kaa istemal kiya aur dou kathit hamlaavaron koo hataa diyaa. donon logon koo puraane paschimi pull parr ghasita gayaa, jahan unhein fansi dee gaee. purushon key aparaadh koo vyaapak roop seey sweekaar naheen kiya gayaa thaa, aur kaee logon kaa maanana thaa kii unhein anuchit tareeke seey maar diyaa gayaa thaa aur way mukadame key yogya they.
1889 mein, indiana key governor isaq pee. safed topi kii gatividhiyon koo samaapt karane kaa prayaas shuru karane vaalaa pahala vyakti gray thaa. unhone aisaa mukhya roop seey dakshini indiana mein sthaaniya adhikaariyon koo pulis sahaayata kii peshkash karke kiya. halanki yeh upaay aprabhaavi saabit huaa, kyonki kaee sthaaniya sheriff swayam sangathanon key sadasya they aur unhone iss gatividhi parr aankhen moond leen. governor alwyn hovi, ack americi grihyuddh key general, jinhone safed topi kii samasya parr aanshik roop seey abhiyaan chalaaya thaa, unakaa mukabala karane vaale agale governor they. unhone apane poorvavarti key prayaas koo jaari rakhaa kii sthaaniya kaanoon pravartan safed topi koo rokane mein ack bhoomika nibhaae, lekin sthaaniya kaanoon pravartan koo karyalaya seey hataane aur una shaharon mein marshel low ghoshit karane kii dhamki dekar bayanbaji koo tej curr diyaa jahaan linching hui thee. unaki dhamkiyaan kuchh hudd taka safal raheen, aur unake karyakal key dauran kewal dou linching kii ghatanaaen huin.
governor clod mathuse ney samoohon key saath nipatane mein ack aur kadam uthaaya, mukhya roop seey samoohon key netaaon kii pehchaan karane aur una parr mukadama chalaane kaa prayaas karke. unake prayaas jyaadaatar kissy bhee yogyata vaale vyakti koo pakadane mein asafal rahey, lekin samoohon mein daman kaa ack aur star jodaa. jaba james aeye. mount karyalaya mein aae, halanki unhone adhikansh safed topi virodhi neetiyon koo roque diyaa. way swayam aise hii ack sangathan key sadasya rahey they. unake karyakal key dauran, samooh teji seey sakriya hoe gaye, jisase satarkata nyaay kii kaee ghatanaaen huin aur linching mein vriddhi hui. indiana mahasabha ney 1898 mein ack kaanoon paarit karke rajyapal koo kaarravaai karane key liye majboor karane kaa prayaas kiya jisamen sthaaniya sherifon koo dhamki bharey linching kii sthiti mein samarthan key liye rajyapal seey yachika daayar karane kii aavashyakta thee. unhone rajyapal koo kaidiyon kii raksha key liye milicia koo bulaane key liye bhee adhikrit kiya, aur yadi unhone unhein hinsa key khatare key kritya key baare mein soochit naheen kiya tou unhein sthaaniya adhikaariyon koo karyalaya seey hataane kii shakti pradaan kii. kaanoon key bavjood, mount ney apane karyakal key dauran samoohon key khilaf koee kaarravaai naheen kii.
takraav.
winfield tii. durbin 1900 mein mount mein safal rhaa aur safed topi koo samaapt karane key liye ack jordar abhiyaan shuru kiya. 1902 mein, unhone winsense mein ack linching key baad nae anty-linching kaanoon kaa ahwan kiya. unhone kaee kaanoon pravartan adhikaariyon koo karyalaya seey hataa diyaa aur milicia koo gasht parr rakhaa, aur sthaaniya sarkaar mein kaee jaanch shuru kii.
1903 mein, ack baar mein dou ashwet purushon key beach vivaad key baad evanceville mein ack pulis adhikaari kii hatyaa curr dee gaee thee. sheriff, paas key winseness mein sheriff key samaan bhaagya key darr seey, governor koo sandigdh, lii braun, koo hirasat mein rakhane mein sahaayata kaa anurodh karate hue sandesh bheja. durbin ney jailhouse koo kissy bhee sambhaavit khatare seey bachaane key liye turant milicia kii ack company bheji. hood vaali safed topi kii bheed ney jald hii jail house aur milicia koo gher liya aur unhein taanaa denaa shuru curr diyaa. kaee ghanton key baad, bheed teji seey shatrutapurna honey luggy, yeh maang karate hue kii milicia unhein sandigdh parr chadhane dey. bheed mein seey kissy ney sainikon parr goli chalaai, jinhone bheed parr goli chalaakar jawab diyaa. milicia ney gyaarah koo ghayal curr diyaa thaa aur ack koo maar daala thaa. bheed bhaag gaee aur shahar key kaale pados mein lootpaat aur dange shuru curr diye, ack ghatana jise evanceville races dange key roop mein jaanaa jaataa haye. jaba dange cumm hue, tou ashwet samudaay key kaee loga shahar seey bhaag gaye they aur vaapas naheen lautenge. bull pradarshan ney raajya mein safed topi gatividhi kaa anta bhee shuru curr diyaa.
isake baad.
1930 mein thomas ship aur abram smith kii maut taka tees varshon seey adhik samay taka indiana mein koee aur linching naheen hogi. 1865 aur 1905 key beach, cumm seey cumm adsath logon koo safed topi seey peat diyaa gayaa thaa. sabhi mamalon mein, peedit sandigdh aparaadhi they, jinamen seey lagbhag sabhi raajya kii hirasat mein they jaba way maare gaye they. peediton mein seey adtalis gorey they, jabaki bees kaale they. halanki safed topi ney unaki linching aur satarkata nyaay key adhik gambhir roopon koo samaapt curr diyaa, lekin agale dashak mein koo clux clan kii indiana shakha badhane luggy, jisase kaee poorv safed topi unaki sankhya mein aaa gaeen.