
makhmali

makhmali ack prakaar kaa bunaa huaa kapade haye jisamen katey hue dhaage samaan roop seey vitarit kiye jaate hain, ack chhote, ghaney dher key saath, ise ack vishisht naram anubhav detaa haye. vistaar seey, "makhmali" shabd kaa arth haye "makhmali kii tarah chikani". ateet mein makhmali aamtaur parr resham seey banaai jaati thee. aaj makhmal linnon, kapas, oona aur synthetic fiber seey banaaya jaa sakata haye.
nirmaan aur rachana.
makhmali ack vishesh karagh parr buni jaati haye joe ack hii samay mein samagri kii dou motai bunati haye. phir dher prabhaav banaane key liye donon tukadon koo alag kiya jaataa haye, aur kapade kii dou lambai koo alag-alag tech-upp roll parr ghaav kiya jaataa haye. iss jatil prakriya kaa matlab thaa kii audyogik bijli karghon key upalabdh honey seey pahale makhmali banaana mahanga thaa, aur achchi tarah seey nirmit makhmali ack kaafee mahanga kapada banaa huaa haye. makhmal koo usake dher key kaaran saaf karna mushkil haye, lekin aadhunik sookhi safai key tareeke safai koo adhik sambhav banaate hain. makhmali dher koo warp yaa urdhvaadhar dhaage seey banaaya jaataa haye aur makhmali dher koo weft yaa phil yarn seey banaaya jaataa haye.
makhmali koo kaee alag-alag prakaar key reshon seey banaaya jaa sakata haye, paaramparik roop seey, jisamen seey sabse mahanga resham haye. aaj "resham makhmali" key roop mein bechi jaane vaali makhmali kaa adhikansh hissa vaastav mein rayon aur resham kaa mishran haye. poori tarah seey resham seey bunny makhmali durlabh haye aur aamtaur parr isaki bajar keemat prati yard kaee sou americi dollar hoti haye. makhmali banaane key liye bhee kapas kaa upayog kiya jaataa haye, halanki isake parinamswarup aksar cumm shandar kapade banate hain. makhmali koo linnon, mohair aur oona jaise reshon seey bhee banaaya jaa sakata haye. kango key loktaantrik ganarajya key cuba logon dwara raifiya taad seey banaae gaye kapade koo aksar "cuba makhmal" key roop mein sandarbhit kiya jaataa haye. haal hii mein, synthetic makhmali vikasit kii gaee haye, jyaadaatar polyester, nylon, viscose, acetate seey, aur vibhinn synthetics key mishran seey yaa sanyukt synthetics aur praakritik reshon seey (udaaharan key liye resham key saath mishrit viscose ack bahut hii naram, paraavartak kapade kaa utpaadan kartaa haye). kabhi-kabhi antim samagri koo ack nishchit matra mein khinchaav dene key liye spandex kaa ack chhota pratishat jodaa jaataa haye (isaliye "khinchaav makhmali").
itihas.
makhmal apani asamanya komalata aur upasthiti key saath-saath utpaadan kii uchch laagat key kaaran aksar kuleenata seey judaa huaa haye. kashmir key vyapariyon dwara haaroon all-rasheed (786-809) key shasson key dauran baghdad mein makhmali aur ziryab dwara all-undless koo pesh kiya gayaa thaa. mamluk yug mein, carro makhmal kaa duniya kaa sabse badaa utpaadak thaa. iska adhikansh hissa venis (jahan seey yeh europe key adhikansh hisson mein fail gayaa), iberia aur maali samrajya koo niryaat kiya jaataa thaa. maali samrajya key shaasak, mansa moosa ney makka kii apani tirthayatra parr carro kaa daura kiya. kaee arab makhmali nirmaata unake saath vaapas timbuctu gaye. baad mein ibn batoota ney ullekh kiya kii kaise maali key shaasak suleiman ney eed parr sthaaniya roop seey utpaadit poorna laal rung kaa makhmali kaftan pahana thaa. mehmed dwiteeya key shasankal key dauran, sahayak rasoiye neele kapade (), shankudhari topi (,) aur barsa makhmali seey baney baggy patloon (,) pahanate they.
ingland key raajaa richard dwiteeya ney apani vaseeyat mein nirdesh diyaa kii 1399 mein unake shareer koo pahana jaanaa chaahiye.
encyclopaedia britannica" key gyaarahaven sanskaran mein makhmal aur isake itihas kaa varnan iss prakaar kiya gayaa haih

