
german vaidhaanik durghatana beema

german vaidhaanik durghatana beema yaa shramikon kaa muaavaja german samajik beema kii sabse purani shaakhaon mein seey ack haye. germany mein vyaavsaayik durghatana beema kii sthaapana 1884 mein kaanoon dwara kii gaee thee. yeh abb ack rashtriya, anivarya karyakram haye joe shramikon koo unake rojgar key madhyam seey hui choton yaa bimari, yaa unake rojgar seey aaney yaa jaane key liye beema kartaa haye. iss karyakram mein baalvaadi key bachchon sahit vetanbhogi, prashikshu, parivaar key sahayak aur chhaatr shamil hain. lagbhag sabhi swa-niyojit vyakti swechha seey beemit hoe sakate hain. german shramikon key muaavaje key kaanoon apani tarah key pahale they.
itihas.
1871 mein, franco-russie yuddh key anta mein german samrajya kii sthaapana kii gaee thee. prussia key poorv chansler, otto wonn bismark, joe abb nae german samrajya key chansler hain, ney usa samay europe key manakon dwara atyadhik pragatisheel kalyan kaanoon pesh kiya thaa.
1883 mein bimari vidheyak kaanoon bunn gayaa aur 1884 mein durghatana vidheyak. german samrajya key kuladhipati otto wonn bismark ney aakasmik chot, bimari yaa vriddhavastha kii sthiti mein shramikon kii sahaayata key liye karyakram shuru kiye. praarambhik pranali kaa vittaposhan shramikon aur niyoktaon dwara kiya gayaa thaa. bimari beema kaanoon ney 13 saptah taka key liye kshatipurti kaa bhugtan kiya. pahale 4 saptah poorv majdoori key 50 pratishat parr they, paanchven saptah seey laabh pichhali aaya kaa 66.7% thaa. joe shramik poori tarah seey viklang they, unhein 13 saptah key baad 67 pratishat kii darr seey laabh praapt huaa, joe poori tarah seey niyoktaon dwara vittaposhit thaa. yadi viklang vyakti koo nirantar dekhbhal kii aavashyakta hoti haye, tou pichhale vetan kaa 100% taka diyaa jaataa thaa.
beema key roop mein pradaan karane kii prabhaari agencies audyogik aur krishi niyokta deyata kosh key saath-saath saarvajanik kshetra kii durghatana beema nidhi hain, jisamen nagarpalika durghatana beema sangh aur anya durghatana nidhi donon shamil hain. jahaan niyokta deyata nidhi udyog key anusaar sangathit kii jaati haye, vaheen saarvajanik kshetra kii durghatana beema nidhi adhikansh bhaag kshetriya roop seey sangathit hoti haye.
durghatana beema kosh niyoktaon, udyamiyon aur karmchaariyon key beach samaan pratinidhitva key saath vibhajit swayam koo (swa-prashaasan) niyantrit karate hain. swa-prashaasan key anga sadasya kii sabhaa aur karyakari mandal hain. yeh vyavastha yeh sunishchit karati haye kii sabhi pratibhagiyon key hiton kaa pratinidhitva kiya jaae.
vyaavsaayik durghatana beema key liye kanuni aadhar german samajik sanhita dwara banaaya gayaa haye, vishesh roop seey pustak VII (aiss. jee. bee. VII) mein.
german kshatipurti pranali kaa upayog kaee anya deshon key shramikon key kshatipurti karyakramon key liye ack model key roop mein kiya gayaa thaa.
germany mein aadhunik kshatipurti pranali.
aaj, germany mein, pratyek karmchari ack sambandhit shramik kshatipurti sansthaan ("berufsgenocenshaft") kaa sadasya haye, aur lagbhag sabhi swa-niyojit vyakti swechha seey ack sansthaan key beemit sadasya bhee bunn sakate hain. vyaavsaayik punah prashikshan aur unnat vyaavsaayik yogyataon koo pramukh ranneetiyon key roop mein upayog karate hue sansthanon kii lagbhag 90 pratishat kaary-vaapsee darr haye.
kaaryasthal parr yaa aaney-jaane mein honey vaali sabhi durghatanaon koo cover kiya jaataa haye. 80 beemariyon koo vyaavsaayik roga bhee maanaa jaataa haye aur yeye bhee iss karyakram mein shamil hain.
shramikon key muaavaje key karyakram koo niyoktaon dwara vitt poshit kiya jaataa haye (sarkaar key coverage koo chhodkar)
chhatron aur bachchon key liye aur krishi durghatana kosh mein sarkari subsidy). niyokta kaa ausat yogdan 2019 mein perol key 1.14% parr thaa.
ghayal shramikon koo apane sansthaan kii samiti key samaksh appeal karane kaa adhikaar haye. samiti key baad appeal kaa agala star "sozialgericht" adalat mein haye. german samajik adalaton (sozialgerichte) mein appeal karmchari key liye nihshulk haye.
vittaposhan.
vaidhaanik vyaavsaayik durghatana beema german samajik beema kii sabse purani shaakhaon mein seey ack haye. swaasthya, deerghakaalik dekhbhal, pension aur berojgari beema key vipareet, vaidhaanik vyaavsaayik durghatana beema beemit logon key liye yogdan-mukt haye. roktham aur punarvaas key liye vyaapak beema coverage kii laagat niyoktaon dwara wahan kii jaati haye. saarvajanik kshetra kii naukariyon key liye, sanghiya, raajya aur nagarpalika sarkaaren laagat wahan karati hain.
yogdan darein pichhale varshon mein hue kharchon key aadhar parr paye-aiz-yuu-goo siddhant key anusaar nirdhaarit kii jaati hain. iska matlab haye kii pratyek vittiya varsh key anta mein vaidhaanik durghatana beema kosh sadasya companiyon key beach apane kharchon koo aavantit karate hain. ganana kaa aadhar iss prakaar vaastavik vittaposhan aavashyaktaon seey banata haih alag rakhee jaane vaali aavantan raashi, beemit vyakti key vetan aur vetan aur sambandhit udyog vishesh key jokhim varg. nagarpalika durghatana beema sanghon aur durghatana nidhi key liye, yogdan jansankhya, beemit vyaktiyon kii sankhya, yaa majdoori aur vetan parr adharit hotaa haye.
jiska beema kiya gayaa haye.
harr saal, germany key sanghiya ganarajya mein lagbhag 10 laakh durghatanaaen hoti hain jinamen way karmchari shamil hotey hain joe yaa tou kaam curr rahey hotey hain yaa kaam parr yaa jaane key liye jaate hain. inmein maanyata praapt vyaavsaayik beemariyon key lagbhag 18,000 mamle aur lagbhag 12 laakh school durghatanaaen shamil hain. prabhaavit logon key liye, parinam aksar unake jeevan shally mein vyaapak parivartan karate hain. inn logon key swaasthya koo bahaal karna aur jahaan taka sambhav hoe, unaki kaam karane kii kshamata vaidhaanik durghatana beema kaa kaary haye.
pratyek karmchari aur prashikshu vaidhaanik vyaavsaayik durghatana beema dwara cover kiya jaataa haye. udyog aur krishi mein niyokta kaa deyata beema kosh ("berufsgenocenshaften") durghatana beema key liye jimmedaar haye. saarvajanik kshetra mein coverage pradaan karane vaale nagarpalika durghatana beema sangh ("gamindianfolversitungerunge") aur anya saarvajanik kshetra kii durghatana nidhi hain.
kaaryasthal yaa vidyalaya mein yaa kaaryasthal yaa vidyalaya seey aaney yaa jaane key raaste mein durghatanaon key saath-saath vyaavsaayik beemariyon key liye bhee coverage pradaan kii jaati haye.
laabh.
vaidhaanik vyaavsaayik durghatana beema mein naukari seey sambandhit durghatanaon aur beemariyon koo rokane key saath-saath shramikon koo naukari parr honey vaale khatron seey bachaane key upaay karane kaa kaam haye. yadi vyaavsaayik durghatanaaen yaa beemaariyaan hoti hain, tou durghatana beema shamil vyaktiyon key swaasthya aur kaary kshamata koo bahaal karane aur beemit vyaktiyon yaa unake vyaktiyon yaa unake jeevit bache logon koo nakad laabh key praavdhaan key madhyam seey muaavaja pradaan kartaa haye.
kaanoon key anusaar vaidhaanik vyaavsaayik durghatana beema kaa praathamik mission vyaavsaayik durghatanaon aur bimari koo honey seey rokane aur naukari seey sambandhit sambhaavit khatron koo cumm karane key liye sabhi sadhanon kaa upayog karna haye. audyogik suraksha aur swaasthya seey sambandhit sabhi mamalon mein companiyon koo salah dene parr dhyaan kendrit kiya jaataa haye. isamen niyoktaon aur karmchaariyon koo vyaapak nirdesh aur dishanirdesh key saath-saath antarrashtriya media pradaan karna shamil haye. durghatana beema agencies kaaryasthal parr suraksha key vishay parr muft soochanaatmak, prerak karyakram bhee aayojit karati hain.
yadi kissy beemit vyakti kii kaaryasthal parr durghatana hoti haye yaa vaha kissy vyaavsaayik bimari seey peedit hotaa haye, tou vaidhaanik vyaavsaayik durghatana beema parinami laagat koo cover kartaa haye. iska matlab haye kii beema kosh sarvottam sambhav chikitsa, vyaavsaayik aur samajik punarvaas key saath-saath yadi lagu hoe tou vittiya muaavaja bhee pradaan kartaa haye.
vyaavsaayik durghatana yaa bimari kii sthiti mein, vaidhaanik vyaavsaayik durghatana beema pradaan kartaa haih
durghatana beema kosh kii sarvocch prathamikta beemit vyakti key swaasthya aur kaam karane kii kshamata koo bahaal karna haye. pension kaa bhugtan sadasyon koo tabhi kiya jaataa haye jaba unaki kaam karane kii kshamata koo poori tarah seey bahaal karna sambhav naa hoh una logon key liye jinaki kamai kshamata mein cumm seey cumm 20 pratishat kii kamee aaee haye.
akshamta laabhon kaa bhugtan saptahik "majdoori haani" muaavaje key roop mein kiya jaataa haye. chot yaa bimari key kaaran apani vartamaan naukari karane mein asamarth shramikon koo unaki poorv sakal aaya kaa 80 pratishat samay-samay parr bhugtan taba taka milata haye jaba taka kii way kaam parr naheen lautate (adhikatam kull bhugtan taka). yadi punarvaas asambhav honey kaa anuman lagaaya jaataa haye, tou karmchari koo 78 saptah key liye laabh milata haye.
karmchari dwara alpakaalik akshamta laabhon parr jaane seey pahale niyokta dwara chhah saptah key liye majdoori kaa bhugtan kiya jaataa haye.
jinn shramikon koo kaam parr chot lagane yaa 20 pratishat yaa usase adhik kii vyaavsaayik bimari key kaaran aaya kshamata kaa nuksan hotaa haye, unhein pichhale varsh kii aaya key 66.7% key barabar pension milati haye. iska bhugtan 65 varsh kii ayu taka kiya jaataa haye jaba taka kii unhein usa ayu seey pahale vriddhavastha pension praapt naheen hoe jaati haye.
chikitsa dekhbhal laabh vyaapak hain, jisamen shaaririk punarvaas aur upkaranon kii kull laagat shamil kii jaa rahee haye. sansthaan sabhi chikitsa dekhbhal laabh pradaan karate hain aur doctor aur aspatal key chayan koo niyantrit karate hain.