
dunderland ghaati

dunderland ghaati (,) nordland county, norwey mein raanaa kii nagarpalika mein ack ghaati haye. yeh archtic vritt key dakshin mein purvi saltfagelate pathaar key thheek neeche seey pahunchata haye. parvat bolna ghaati kii sabse oopari seema mein sthit haye joe phir dakshin-paschim kii or neeche kii or daudata haye. kuchh chhoti-motee paarshv ghaatiyon mein plardalen, rovasdalen, jolladalen, gronfzeldalen aur virvasdalen shamil hain. ghaati mein kaee gaanv bhee shamil hain jaise kii crockstrand, bajolens, storewall, dunderland, itera, neverness, storforcei, nevermon aur roswol.
europeeya maarg ee6 rajmarg ranelva nadee key baad dunderland ghaati seey hocker gujarta haye. ee6 rajmarg parr, nevermoen aur roswol key beach, 2002 mein khola gayaa thaa. nordland line bhee ghaati key madhyam seey nadee kaa anusaran karati haye. aaj, ghaati mein kewal thodi sankhya mein loga rahate hain, aur nordland line parr isake dou station hainh dunderland station aur bolna station.
bhoovigyaan.
dunderland ghaati mein pahaadi chattaanen ack caledonian shale hain, joe lauh ayask, abhrak shist aur sangamarmar kii ghatnaaon seey jaani jaati hain. isake khanan udyog ney foske sangamarmar kaa utpaadan kiya haye, joe uttar mein foske nagarpalika mein bhee maujood haye. storeforchei mein, badey paimaane parr lauh khanan udyog rhaa haye.
pyrite khadaanen bhee hain. ghaati mein choona patthar mein kaee stelectite gufaayen hain, jinamen seey kuchh sahayak dhaaraaen kaafee doori taka bhoomigat bahati hain. dunderland ghaati key oopari hisson seey, ack alag-alag briddle-path bolna seey saltdall taka skjerstadfjord parr chalata haye, jisamen shandar junckerdal rashtriya udyaan key madhyam seey ack shakha hoti haye.
khanan.
iss kshetra mein lauh ayask key bhandar 1799 seey gyaat hain. dunderland lauh ayask company ney kaee parichaalan avadhiyon key dauran yahaan khanan kiya, pahala 1902 mein shuru huaa. nadee ranelva ney khanikon koo jall shakti pradaan kii. khanan company 1947 mein bund hoe gaee thee.
1937 seey, raanaa gruber ney lauh ayask kaa khanan kiya haye. norsk journwork kii sthaapana 1946 mein hui thee, aur isane 1964 mein lauh ayask seey magnetite aur hematite kaa khanan shuru kiya thaa.
itihas.
haal kaa itihas.
yeh ghaati norwey key itihas mein kaee durghatanaon aur darj kii gaee ghatnaaon kaa sthal thee. dwiteeya vishva yuddh key dauran, naaziyon key ghaati mein kaee yaatana shivir they. way mukhya roop seey polish aur russie kaidiyon koo rakhate they, jinka upayog trondheim seey nordland line banaane key liye kiya jaataa thaa. saltfagelate seey gujarane vaalaa railway kaa hissa behad kroor thaa aur kaee logon ney ise banaate hue apani zaan ganwa dee. german sainikon ney dunderland ghaati seey bahane vaali nadee ranelva mein adhikansh beemar/rogagrast kaidiyon key shavon kaa niptan kiya. tej dhaaraon ney kissy koo bhee thheek karna lagbhag asambhav banaa diyaa.
1948 mein, dunderlandsdall durghatana hui, yeh norwey key itihas mein abb taka kii sabse kharaab buss durghatanaon mein seey ack thee. saami key liye, lagbhag sou saal pahale hui ack dukhad ghatana key kaaran ghaati kaa ack vishesh prateekaatmak moolya haye. 1900 key dashak kii shuruat mein tromso mein ack saami sammelan seey laut rahee ack buss sadak seey chully gaee aur ghaati key tala parr ranelva nadee mein durghatanagrast hoe gaee. jahaaj parr savaar 23 logon mein seey 16 maare gaye aur 4 kabhi naheen mille. buss mein savaar adhikansh logon kii maut hoe gaee, aur iss prakaar dakshini saami logon ney ack hii jhatake mein apane adhikansh raajneetik netaaon koo khou diyaa. 1950 mein usa sthaan parr ack smaarak banaaya gayaa thaa jahan buss sadak seey bhaag gaee thee. yeh kuchh hudd taka jangal mein chhipa huaa haye, lekin sadak seey ack chhoti see seedhi seey pahuncha jaa sakata haye.
1953 mein, ack parivarik trasdi ghaati mein aaee. ack parivaar koo ack dooradraj key khet mein vadh kiya gayaa thaa. 6 saal kii umr mein ack yuva ladki aur usaki maan koo godam mein maaraa gayaa thaa. pitaa usee godam mein latka huaa paaya gayaa.
1995 mein, ack aur dukhad ghatana ghaati mein hui. ack puraane khet mein ack ladke key scout shivir key dauran, ack 12 varsheeya ladki gayab hoe gaee. ladki uttari norwey key tromso shahar kii thee. iss ghatana koo norwey key press mein vyaapak roop seey cover kiya gayaa thaa. dall ney dou saal taka usaki talash kii, lekin unhein kewal uska backpack milaa joe ranelva nadee key kinare padaa thaa.
pashan yug kii bastiyaan.
pashan yug seey hii dunderland ghaati mein bastiyaan hain. 2003 kii garmiyon mein, ack dennish paryatak ney ack yuddh kulhadi (streetax) kii khoj kii joe itera nadee key karib thee. kulhadi 1 julaai 2004 koo raanaa sangrahalaya key saanskritik vibhaag koo saunp dee gaee thee.
uttari norwey key aantarik hisson mein yuddh kulhadi sanskriti kii yeh pahali khoj haye. 1913 mein, usee saanskritik kshitij seey ack lambi kulhadi kii khoj yootskarpen mein bratland parr kii gaee thee. kulhadi lagbhag 2800-2400 eesaa poorv seey swedish-norwegian prakaar kii ack "naav-kulhadi" haye. yeh ack karyatmak upkaran naheen thaa, balki yogyata aur ack uchch samajik varg kaa garima prateek thaa. yeh kissy sthaaniya sardar kaa hoe sakata haye.
kulhadi key peechhe kii or kii patti moulding key kinare seey milati-julati haye, aur yeh scan yaa denmark seey kansya mein moulded aiks kii nakal haye. bhoovigyaani barbara prissman (praakritik itihas vibhaag, raanaa sangrahalaya) key anusaar, kulhadi harey shale chattan prakaar seey banaai gaee haye.

