
wells kaa cinema

wells kaa cinema (velashah "cinema saimaru") mein wells mein yaa sthaaniya yaa videsh mein velsh film nirmaataon dwara banaai gaee film aur rachanaatmak filmon kii kalaa shamil haye. velsh cinema kii shuruat 19veen shatabdi key anta mein hui, jiska netritva velsh sthit nirdeshak villium hugger ney kiya. wells ney poori 20veen shatabdi mein velsh aur angreji donon bhaashaon mein alag-alag gunavatta vaali filmon kaa utpaadan jaari rakhaa, halanki buniyaadi dhaanche aur vitt kii kamee key kaaran swadeshi utpaadan mein katauti kii gaee thee, jisane rashtriya star parr udyog key vikas koo roque diyaa thaa. isake bavjood, wells koo film nirmaan prakriya key sabhi kshetron mein pratinidhitva diyaa gayaa haye, jisamen abhineta aur nirdeshak shamil hain.
itihas.
utpatti aur praarambhik itihas.
wells kaa ack lamba film nirmaan itihas haye, jisamen pahali filmein 1896 mein shoot kii gaeen, lumiers cinematography key vikas key ack saal baad. wells mein record kii jaane vaali pahali gyaat film americi bert ekad dwara thee jisamen wells key rajkumar, baad mein edward VII dwara cardiff kii shaahi yatra kii gaee thee. film koo baad mein juuna 1896 mein cardiff key cathes park mein mahaan lalit kalaa, audyogik aur samudri pradarshani mein dikhaaya gayaa thaa. swadeshi film nirmaan 1898 mein shuru huaa, jaba rayal adharit arther cheetham ney sthaaniya ghatnaaon kii mook 'laghu' filmon kii recording shuru kii. unaki pahali film janwari 1898 mein dikhaai gaee thee jisamen bachche ryle rait parr khel rahey they.
villium hugger, jinhone 1901 aur 1908 key beach 30 seey adhik kaalpanik filmein banaain, wells mein sthaayi qada key pahale film nirmaata they. hugger key kaam koo mukhya roop seey gamont aur shahari companiyon key madhyam seey duniya bhar mein darshakon ney praapt kiya. hugger kii sabse ullekhaniya film "hatash avaidh shikaar" (1903) thee jise isaki hinsa, pratima aur pragatisheel sampadan key liye pahachaana jaataa haye. film, frank motorshau kii "aeye daring delite dakaiti" aur advin stanton porter kii "dha grate train dakaiti" key saath, beesavin shatabdi kii shuruat mein, americi filmon key peechha karane kii upa-shally koo prabhaavit karane kaa shreya diyaa gayaa haye.
wells mein filmai jaane vaali anya maujooda mahaan yuddh-poorv filmein desh key baahar key film nirmaataon dwara banaai gaee theen. inmein british jeevani company kii film "conway casal" (1898) aur charles urban company kii "wells, englandah casal aur jharane kii bhoomi" (1907) shamil theen. 1906 mein wells aur ireland key beach hue british gharelu championship match koo blackburn firm michel aur keynon dwara filmaya gayaa thaa, aur abb yeh ack antarrashtriya football match kii sabse purani jeevit film haye. jabaki kissy bhee football match kaa sabse purana footage arther cheetham kii 1898 kii film haye, "blackburn rovers banaam west bromwich albian".
velsh cinema wells key pahale kuchh dashakon key dauran ack audyogik kranti kii oonchaai parr thaa, lekin desh key bheetar lii gaee shuruati mook filmon mein audyogik paridrishya yaa jeevan kii bahut cumm samajh haye. edison aur british aur aupaniveshik jaisi aaney vaali companiyon ney graameen wells mein filmancan kaa paksh liya.
1914 seey 1980 taka.
1910 aur 1920 key dashak key uttaraardh mein wells kaa adhikansh cinema khou gayaa haye. 1920 mein nau filmon koo wells mein shoot kiya gayaa thaa, joe abb sabhi khou gaee hain. iss avadhi kii sabse ullekhaniya aur prasiddh filmon mein seey ack "aeye velsh singer" (1915) haye, joe velsh lekhak elen raine key ack kaam seey anukoolit haye, jisamen florence turner ney abhinay kiya thaa. heinry edwards, jinhone "ack velsh gaayak" kaa nirdeshan kiya, ney 1930 kii film "alwyn" bhee banaai, joe theodor wats-dunton key upanyaas seey haye, joe jipsey aur ack pauranik, rahasyamay wells kii duniya mein aakarshit karati haye. 1930 key dashak mein pahali velsh bhasha kii film, "vaaee chaveralvar" dekhi gaee, jiska nirdeshan 1935 mein iffan abb owen edwards ney kiya thaa. dashak mein dou mahatvapurna egitprop vrittachitra bhee dekhe gaye, "aaj humm rahate hain" (1937) ronda ghaatiyon mein pentre gaanv key berojgar khanikon key beach sett kiya gayaa, aur donald alekjendar kii "purvi ghaati" (1937). dwiteeya vishva yuddh key prakop ney wells mein ack khanan ghaati kii prishthabhoomi koo ack yuddh prachaar film, "dha silent village" (1943) key liye setting key roop mein upayog kiya gayaa. lidis, chekoslovakia key khanan samudaay key liye ack shraddhanjali key roop mein design kiya gayaa, joe naazi atyacharon seey peedit thaa, "mook gaanv" ghatnaaon koo ack wells mein sthanantarit kartaa haye; aur iska upayog velsh bhasha key utpeedan key saath samaantaon koo aakarshit karane key liye bhee kiya jaataa thaa.
dhwani yug key aaney kaa velsh cinema parr bahut cumm prabhaav padaa, halanki 1938 kaa gadh ack dhwani yug kaa roopaantaran thaa. jey. cronin key 1937 key upanyaas ney wells koo ack badey darshakon key saamane laaya; halanki raajaa vidor kii vyakhya upanyaas key raajneetik sandesh koo vyakt karane mein whiffle rahee. wells mein sthaapit honey vaali pahali hollywood 'tocky' james whale kaa 'dha old dark house' thaa. iss avadhi key dauran wells seey judee sabse prasiddh filmein velsh pratibhaon kaa upayog karane mein whiffle raheen, "dha garv ghaati" (1940) aur "merrie ghaati kitni hurry thee" (1940) naa tou velsh logon dwara nirdeshit kii gaee thee aur naa hii screen key liye anukoolit kii gaee thee. johnn ford kii merrie ghaati kitni hurry thee, yeh sirf ack velsh abhineta, rais williams dwara abhineet aur sanyukt raajya mein shoot kiye jaane key liye ullekhaniya haye. halanki wells key baare mein johnn ford kaa drishtikon audyogik ghaatiyon key ack pauranik aur romantic drishtikon parr adharit thaa, rashtriya koyla board dwara vitt poshit jill kreggy key neele nishan (1949) ney koyla udyog key rashtriyakaran key baare mein gambhir aur kattarpanthi sawal uthaaye aur dakshin wells key aspas jagah kii photography kii haye. 1949 seey ack aur mahatvapurna saanskritik bayaan dene key liye jaari kiya gayaa thaa amlin williams kaa "dha last days off dolvin", jiska kathaanak ack jalaashay banaane key liye ack velsh gaanv kii baadh parr kendrit thaa; ack aisaa vishay joe 1960 key dashak mein wells mein behad vivadaspad hoe gayaa.
1950 aur 1960 key dashak mein desh key dou sarvshreshth vrittachitra nirmaataon ney pradarshan kiya. jack howells aur johnn ormond ney mukhya roop seey velsh logon aur vishayon key saath kaam kiya. howells koo unake prabhaavshaali, geetaatmak vrittachitron key liye jaanaa jaataa haye jisamen "aine. ee.!" shamil thaa."(1965) aur" "dylan thomas" "(1962). "dylan thomas" ekmatra velsh film haye jisane auskar jeetaa haye (sarvshreshth laghu vrittachitra key liye), isamen dylan thomas key shikaaron kaa daura karane vaale kathavachak key roop mein richard berton koo dikhaaya gayaa haye. ormond, ack kavi, koo lekhakon aur lekhakon key unake samvedansheel chitran key liye yaad kiya jaataa haye, aur shramik varg aur sharanarthiyon seey sambandhit vrittachitron key liye, vishesh roop seey "udhaar liya huaa charagah" (1960) joe dou polish poorv sainikon kaa anusaran kartaa haye joe ack carthenshire chhote hisse parr jaane key liye sangharsh curr rahey hain.
dwiteeya vishva yuddh key anta key baad kii avadhi mein raajneetik aur samajik tippani velsh cinema seey gayab hoe gaee. yuddh key baad key pahale kuchh dashakon mein kuchh ullekhaniya velsh filmein dekhi gaeen; apvaadon mein "tiger bey" (1959) aur "kewal dou khel sakate hain" (1962) shamil they. iss avadhi key dauran velsh cinema key saamane mukhya samasyaaen film nirmaan key buniyaadi dhaanche, velsh nirmaataon aur vitt kii kamee thee. tathya yeh haye kii wells apani seemaon key bheetar seey filmon kaa nirmaan karane mein asamarth thaa, jisake parinamswarup 'baahari' film nirmaataon dwara nirmit velsh jeevan kii roodhivaadi aur samanya poorv dhaaranaaen paida huin. udyog key liye prakaash kii kuchh roshni mein seey ack 1970 key dashak key anta mein vampanthi nirmaata aur nirdeshak carle francis key utpaadan key saath aaya; jinka dakshin wells ghaatiyon mein samkaaleen jeevan kaa vivadaspad chitran unaki 1976 kii film "oopar humm prithvi" dwara darshaaya gayaa thaa. velsh bhasha kii filmein kuchh hii theen, vishesh roop seey 1970 key dashak mein bee. doubleu. aar. dee. dee. aff. filmiau simrag (velsh film board) dwara nirmit filmein.
ack samarpit channel key aagaman seey pahale, bee. bee. see. wells aur isake vaanijyik samkaksh aich. tii. vee. ney wells mein apane darshakon key liye velsh bhasha key karyakramon kaa nirmaan kiya. haalaanki isamen feature-lenth filmon kaa nirmaan shamil naheen thaa, 1970 key dashak mein aich. tii. vee. ney maujooda filmon koo velsh mein dub karane kaa ack udyam shuru kiya. unakaa pahala prayaas george stevens kaa 1953 kaa paschimi, "shain" thaa. parinam koo anajaane mein haasya key roop mein dekhaa gayaa aur prayog koo jaldi seey chhod diyaa gayaa.
1980 seey 1999 taka.
1982 mein aiss4see, ack velsh bhasha key television channel kaa shubharambh huaa, jisane velsh aur angreji bhasha mein lambe natakon aur filmon kaa nirmaan aur vittaposhan shuru kiya. praarambhik utpaadan kharaab thaa, lekin 1986 mein apani jimmedariyon kaa punarmulyankan karane key baad, company ney ullekhaniya filmon kaa nirmaan kiya, jisamen "boy solzer" (1986) aur "rhosyn a rhith" (1986) shamil hain, baad vaali film landan west aind cinema release hassil karane vaali velsh bhasha kii pahali film thee. halanki aiss4see seey velsh suvidhaon kaa utpaadan cumm thaa, isane andoff amlin, maark evance aur stephen bellie jaise pratibhashali velsh film nirmaataon key udbhav mein sahaayata kii. aiss4see kii 1995 kii neeti, ack varsh mein dou feature filmon kaa nirmaan karane key liye, television prasaran seey pahale cinemagharon mein jaari kii jaani thee, jisase velsh film nirmaataon koo nae avsar mille. phir bhee landan sthit vitarakon kii velsh bhasha kii filmon koo sambhaalane mein anichha key kaaran velsh filmon key liye vyaapak darshakon taka pahunchana mushkil hoe jaataa haye.
1990 key dashak kii shuruat velsh bhasha kii film "haid winn" kii release key saath hui. isane royal television society kaa sarvshreshth naatak puraskar jeetaa aur sarvshreshth videshi bhasha film key liye akadami puraskar mein namankan praapt karane vaali pahali velsh film bunn gaee. isake bavjood yeh ack british vitarak praapt karane mein whiffle rhaa. 1990 key dashak mein andoff amlin kii dou mahatvapurna filmein bhee dekhi gaeen, "una nose ola lude" (1991) koo sabse achchi velsh filmon mein seey ack key roop mein dekhaa jaataa haye, jabaki unaki "gadel lenin" (1993) koo 1993 key landan film samaroh mein darshakon dwara sabse lokpriya british film key roop mein vote diyaa gayaa thaa.
1990 key dashak key baad mein teen angreji bhasha kii filmein dekhi gaeen joe mukhyadhara key british cinema mein ack ghar paaee gaeen. inn teenon mein seey pahala maark evance kaa "house off america" thaa, jisane carle francis key kaam key yathaarthvaad seey tulanaa kii. phir 1998 mein, cavin elen ney yugal shahar kaa nirmaan kiya, joe wells kii purani saanskritik paramparaon parr vyangya karane vaalaa ack baudi comedy thaa. halanki ise boxes offices parr justine kerigan kii "human traffic" (1999) dwara paar curr liya gayaa thaa, joe club aur cardiff kii drugg sanskriti parr kendrit ack shailibaddh comedy thee.
2000 seey prastut karein.
2000 mein paul maurison kii "soloman aind genner" kii release hui, joe videshi bhasha akadami puraskar key liye namankit honey vaali doosari film thee.
wells mein sthaapit beesavin shatabdi kii shuruat mein ullekhaniya filmon mein haasya "house" shamil hain!"(2000) aur" "bahut annie mairi" "(2000), aur daravani filmein" "dha dark" "(2005) aur" "evil allions" "(2006). 2009 mein velsh kavi dylan thomas aur unaki patni catalyn mcnamara key beach shuruati sambandhon kii ack biopic "dha aij off lava" key sheershak seey jaari kii gaee thee.
film nirmaan aur vikas.
wells mein film nirmaan mein sudhaar key bavjood, vitt abhee bhee ack mudda haye, jisamen bahut cumm filmein baahari dhana key binaa banaai jaa rahee hain. "house off america" ney chhah alag-alag sroton seey apana dhana liya, jabaki bahurashtriya companiyon ney "twin town" (polygram) aur "dha englishman" donon koo vitt poshit kiya, joe ack pahaadi parr gaye lekin ack pahaad seey neeche aae "(miramax).
affilm saimaru wells velsh film key liye vikas agency haye. yeh ubharate aur sthaapit velsh film nirmaataon koo dhana aur prashikshan pradaan kartaa haye, saath hii saath velsh filmon koo pradarshit karane vaale karyakramon kii mejbani kartaa haye.
bafta saimaru, 1987 mein sthaapit, british film aur television kalaa akadami kii velsh shakha haye. bafta saimaru ney velsh cinema mein uplabdhiyon koo maanyata dene key liye 1991 seey ack vaarshik puraskar samaroh aayojit kiya haye.
animation.
1982 mein aiss4see key gathan seey pahale, wells mein animation key kshetra mein bahut cumm kaam kiya gayaa thaa. ack ullekhaniya apavaad sid griffith kaa "jairi dha tike" (1925-1927) haye, joe ack shararatpurna kutta thaa jiska upayog path cinema samachar patrikaon key liye kiya jaataa thaa. 1982 key baad utpaadan mein vriddhi hui, aiss4see ney syriol productions dwara nirmit lokpriya bachchon key animation kaa utpaadan kiya. syriol ney antatah feature lenth animation banaane mein shakha banaai, jisamen dylan thomas kaa 'under milk wood' (1992) kaa roopaantaran aur hangerian company panoniaphilm, dha princess aind dha goblin (1992) key saath ack sanyukt udyam shamil haye.
aiss4see kii animation ikai dwara diye gaye avsaron ney pratibhashali british kalakaron koo wells mein aaney key liye protsaahit kiya. animators key iss samooh mein sabse prasiddh joanna quin they, jinhone 1998 mein "prasiddh fred" key liye auskar namankan praapt kiya, aur "dha canterbury tails" key ack khand kaa nirmaan kiya, jise baad key varsh auskar namankit kiya gayaa thaa.
velsh film nirdeshak.
wells ney apane poore itihas mein gunavatta vaale film nirdeshakon kaa nirmaan kiya haye, halanki jinhen safalata millie haye, unhein maanyata praapt karane key liye wells koo chhodane kii adhik aavashyakta hoti haye. halanki wells mein adharit naa tou cheetham yaa hugger kaa janm velsh mein huaa thaa, lekin sidney northcoat key liye samaan thaa, jinhone 1912 mein velsh aur cornwall mein sthaan parr shoot kii gaee kaee laghu filmon kaa nirmaan kiya, joe velsh aur cornish mithakon aur kahaaniyon parr adharit thee, jisamen "peddler off penmenmower", "dha witch off dha velsh mountain" aur "dha bell off betwiss-vaaee-coed" shamil they.
velsh mein janme nirdeshak jinhone antarrashtriya maanyata praapt kii haye, unamen richard markand ("jaddy kii vaapsee"), peater greenway ("sankhyaon seey dubna") aur terry johns ("erich dha wiking") shamil hain. wells key dou adhik ullekhaniya nirdeshak jinhone wells kii sanskriti key saath ack majboot sambandh banaae rakhaa haye, way carle francis hain, joe dou dashakon taka wells film nirmaan mein sabse shaktishali, vishisht aur jujhaaru aavaaj they; aur stephen saptah jinaki vyaavsaayik visheshtaen madhyayugeen yaa samrajyavadi ateet, yaa ack dhundhali celtic duniya kii or mudati hain. francis kaa kaam wells, isaki bhasha aur pehchaan key yathaarthvaadi anveshan mein antarnihit haye, jaise kii "milwar baichan" (ladka sanic) aur "chuha aur mahilaaen" jaisi filmon mein. aaee, monster, "dow" key ack roopaantaran key nirdeshan key baad saptah pramukhta seey aae. jekil aur shree. christopher lii aur peater cushing abhineet hyde. hafton baad mein "gaven aur green night" key arthurian mithak key dou sanskaranon parr film banaai jaayegi. pahale "gaven aind dha green night" (1973) key roop mein jisamen mukhya bhoomika mein murre haid aur phir 1984 mein "bahadur kii talwar" key roop mein dikhaaya gayaa thaa.
baad mein velsh nirdeshakon, jaise saaraa sugarman aur maark evance ney wells mein sett kii gaee filmein banaain. velsh key nirdeshak gareth evance 2009 seey 2015 taka indoneshiya mein rahey, jahan unhone redd jaisi action filmein banaain.
velsh film abhineta.
wells mein film-abhinetaon koo banaane kii ack lambi parampara rahee haye jinhone vishva munch parr prabhaav daala haye. mook avadhi key dauran ullekhaniya abhinetaon mein jonah benford shamil they, joe "(1927) aur" downhill "(1927) mein abhinay karane key baad cinema key madhyam seey pramukhta seey aae they; gareth hugs, jinhen aksar ack yuva charmer key roop mein cast kiya jaataa haye, ney abb-khoye hue" sentitive tommy "(1921) aur linching harding key liye utkrisht notice praapt kiye, jinake qada aur upasthiti ney unhein kaee shuruati sherlock homes filmon mein khalnayak kii bhoomika nibhaane key liye ack lokpriya banaa diyaa.
1940 key dashak mein ronda key donald huston ney apani pahali dou visheshtaon "dha blue lagoon" (1949) aur "aeye runn forr yore munny" (1949) mein safalata dekhi. 1945 mein ray milland "dha lost weekend" mein ack sharabi lekhak key roop mein apani bhoomika key liye sarvshreshth abhineta kaa akadami puraskar jeetane vaale pahale velsh abhineta baney.
velsh abhinetaon key liye sabse mahatvapurna avadhi 1950 aur 1960 key dashak key dauran aaee. yathaarthvaad kii ack naee lahar ney british abhinay mein pravesh kiya, aur sabse aage velsh abhineta richard berton, steinly becker aur rachelle roberts aae. iss avadhi mein hugg griffith jaise velsh charitra abhineta bhee dekhe gaye, jinhone "bayne huur" key 1959 key sanskaran mein apani bhoomika key liye sarvshreshth sahayak abhineta akadami puraskar jeetaa.
ack anya prasiddh velsh abhineta timothi dalton hain jinhone assie key dashak key anta mein dou baar prasiddh gupt agent james bonned kii bhoomika nibhai.
1990 key dashak seey laker 2000 key dashak taka key sabse vishisht velsh abhineta anthany hopkins they. hopkins 1960 key dashak seey film mein dikhaai diye hain, jisamen unhone hollywood costume drama jaise "dha lyon inn winter" mein abhinay kiya haye. richard attenbero kii "jaadoo" aur david linch kii "dha elephant maine" jaisi vividh filmon mein abhinay karate hue, hopkins "dha silence off dha lambs" (1992) mein hannible lecturer key roop mein apane akadami puraskar vijeta pradarshan key baad ack hollywood starr bunn gaye. hopkins ney "shadlands" aur "day off dha day" mein sameekshakon dwara prashansit pradarshan key saath 1990 key dashak mein prabhaavit karna jaari rakhaa.
1990 key dashak mein wells abhinetaon key ack apgharshak samooh kaa nirmaan kiya gayaa, jisamen rais effance aur mattheau rais shamil they. 1990 key dashak mein catherine jeeta-johns kii safalata bhee dekhi gaee, joe hollywood key sabse adhik bhugtan paane vaale sitaaron mein seey ack bunn gaeen, joe "dha mask off zoro" mein antonio banderas aur anthany hopkins key saath dikhaai deen aur "shikago" key liye sarvshreshth sahayak abhinetri kaa akadami puraskar jeetaa. 2000 key dashak mein eoin groufood key udbhav key liye sabse ullekhaniya hain, jinhone 2006 key aitihaasik naatak "adbhut anugrah" mein mukhya bhoomika nibhai thee, aur michael sheen joe peater morgan kii "blair trayi" mein tonny blair key roop mein dikhaai diye aur "frost/nixon" mein david frost kii bhoomika nibhai thee.