penicillamine

penicillamine, joe kaprimeen key brand naam seey becha jaataa haye, ack dawa haye jiska upayog mukhya roop seey willson roga key upchaar key liye kiya jaataa haye. iska upayog gurde kii pathri vaale logon key liye bhee kiya jaataa haye, jinake mootra mein cystine kaa star adhik hotaa haye, sandhishoth aur vibhinn bhaari dhaatu key jahar hotey hain. ise munh seey liya jaataa haye.
sanyukt raajya america mein 1970 mein penicillamine koo chikitsa upayog key liye manjuri dee gaee thee. yeh vishva swaasthya sangathan kii aavashyak davaaon kii soochi mein haye.
chikitsa upayog.
iska upayog ack chealeting agent key roop mein kiya jaataa haih
systenuria mein, ack vanshaanugat vikaar jisamen mootra cystine kaa uchch star cystine pathri key nirmaan kaa kaaran banata haye, penicillamine ack mishrit diasulphide dene key liye cystine key saath juda jaataa haye joe cystine kii tulanaa mein adhik ghulansheel hotaa haye.
penicillamine kaa upayog scleroderma key ilaaj key liye kiya gayaa haye.
penicillamine kaa upayog una rogiyon mein gambhir sakriya rheumatoid gathiya key ilaaj key liye ack roga-sanshodhit antirematic dawa (dee. aim. aar. dee.) key roop mein kiya jaa sakata haye joe paaramparik chikitsa key paryaapt pareekshan kaa jawab dene mein whiffle rahey hain, halanki aaj iska upayog tii. aine. aff. avrodhakon aur anya agents, jaise tossilizumab aur tofacitinib kii upalabdhata key kaaran shayed hii kabhi kiya jaataa haye. penicillamine tii-lymphocytes kii sankhya koo cumm karke, macrophage kaary koo rokkar, il-1 koo cumm karke, sandhishoth kaarak koo cumm karke aur collegen koo cross-linking seey rokkar kaam kartaa haye.
pratikool prabhaav.
aam dushprabhavon mein chakatte, bhookh naa lagana, matali, dast aur rakt shwet rakt koshika kaa nimn star shamil hain. anya gambhir dushprabhavon mein yakrit kii samasyaaen, apshaamak bronchiolitis aur mysthenia gravis shamil hain. lupus erythematosus vaale logon mein isaki anushansa naheen kii jaati haye. garbhavastha key dauran upayog karane seey bachche koo nuksan hoe sakata haye. penicillamine bhaari dhatuon koo bandhkar kaam kartaa haye; isake parinamswarup penicillamine-dhaatu parisaron koo mootra mein shareer seey hataa diyaa jaataa haye.
asthi majja daman, dysgucia, anorexia, ulti aur dast sabse aam dushprabhaav hain, joe penicillamine key saath ilaaj kiye gaye rogiyon key ~20-30% mein hotey hain.
anya sambhaavit pratikool prabhaavon mein shamil hainh
rasayan vigyaan.
penicillamine ack tri-karyatmak carbonic yaugik haye, jisamen ack theol, ack amine aur ack carboxylic acid hotaa haye. yeh sanrachanaatmak roop seey cysteine key samaan ack amino acid haye, lekin theol key liye geminal diamethyl pratisthaapan α key saath. adhikansh amino acid kii tarah, yeh ack rangheen thhos haye joe shaaririk ph mein zviterionic roop mein maujood haye. 
penicillamine ack stereogenic kendra key saath ack kieral dawa haye aur yeh anantiomers kii ack jodee key roop mein maujood haye. penicillamine anantiomers kii sanrachana key liye chhavi kaa sandarbh lein. (oun)-anantiomer, utomer, antiorthritic haye jabaki distomer (aar)-penicillamine behad vishaakt haye. isake dou ananciomers mein seey,-penicillamine (jisamen "aar" poorna vinyas hotaa haye) vishaakt haye kyonki yeh pyridoxin (jise vitamin vitamin key roop mein bhee jaanaa jaataa haye) kii kriya koo rokta haye. vaha anantiomer penicillin kaa ack chayapachaya haye lekin isamen koee antibiotic guna naheen hain. penicillamine-tamba jatil sanrachanaon kii ack kism gyaat haye.
itihas.
johnn walshe ney pahali baar 1956 mein willson roga mein penicillamine key upayog kaa varnan kiya thaa. unhone rogiyon (swayam sahit) key mootra mein yaugik kii khoj kii thee jinhone penicillin liya thaa, aur praayogik roop seey pushti kii thee kii yeh chillation dwara mootra tambe key utsarjan mein vriddhi kartaa haye. unhein usa samay key kaee vishva visheshagyon (denny braun aur cummings) koo isaki prabhavkarita key baare mein samajhaane mein praarambhik kathinaaee hui, kyonki unakaa maanana thaa kii willson kii bimari mukhya roop seey copper homeostasis kii samasya naheen thee, balki amino acid chayapachaya kii samasya thee, aur yeh kii dimercaprolator kaa upayog ack challator key roop mein kiya jaanaa chaahiye. baad key adhyayanon ney tambe-kendrit siddhant aur-penicillamine kii prabhavkarita donon kii pushti kii. walshe ney willson mein anya chealator jaise triathylene tetramine aur tetratheomolibdate kaa bhee beedaa uthaaya.
penicillamine koo pahali baar robbert robbinson kii dekhrekh mein johnn cornforth dwara sanshleshit kiya gayaa thaa.
1964 mein pahale safal mamle key baad seey pencillamine kaa upayog sandhishoth mein kiya jaataa rhaa haye.
laagat.
sanyukt raajya america mein, valent ney 2016 mein dawa kii laagat lagbhag 500 dollar seey badhaakar 24,000 dollar prati maah curr dee.

