
chhota saa grabe

little grabe (tachybaptus ruficolis), jise dabchick key naam seey bhee jaanaa jaataa haye, jall pakshiyon key grabe parivaar kaa ack sadasya haye. genus kaa naam pracheen yunani "takhus" "fast" aur "bapto" seey neeche doobane key liye haye.  vishisht "ruficolis" lattin "rufus" "laal" aur aadhunik lattin "-collis", "-gardan" seey haye, joe lattin "kolam" "gardan" seey vyutpann haye. 
lambai mein yeh apane parivaar kaa sabse chhota europeeya sadasya haye. yeh aamtaur parr apani adhikansh seema mein khule jall nikaayon mein paaya jaataa haye.
vargeekaran.
little grabe kaa varnan german prakritivaadi peater saiman pallas ney 1764 mein kiya thaa aur ise dwipad naam "colimbus ruficolis" diyaa gayaa thaa. tirangedar grabe koo vishisht maanaa jaataa thaa, kuchh vargeekaran adhikaari abhee bhee iss parr vichaar curr rahey they. 
vartamaan mein chhah maanyata praapt upa-prajaatiyan hain, joe mukhya roop seey aakar aur rung dwara alag kii gaee hain.
varnan.
chhota grabe ack chhota paani kaa pakshi haye jiska nukila bill hotaa haye. vayask garmiyon mein spasht hotaa haye, mukhya roop seey oopar gahara hotaa haye, isake samriddh, rufus rung kii gardan, gaal aur buggle aur chamkile peele rung key galey hotey hain. gair-prajanan aur kishore pakshiyon mein rufus koo ack gandey bhoore bhoore rung seey badal diyaa jaataa haye.
kishore pakshiyon kaa ack peela bill hotaa haye jisamen ack chhota kaalaa siraa hotaa haye, aur gardan key gaalon aur kinaaron parr kaali aur safed dhaariyan hoti hain jaisa kii neeche dekhaa gayaa haye. yeh peela bill kishoravastha key roop mein kaalaa hoe jaataa haye, antatah vayaskata mein kaalaa hoe jaataa haye.
sardiyon mein, iska aakar, buff plumage, ack gahare peeth aur topi key saath, aur "pouder puff" peechhe kaa chhor iss prajaati kii aasaan pehchaan koo saksham kartaa haye. chhote grabe kaa prajanan coll, jise ekal yaa yugal mein diyaa jaataa haye, ack baar-baar dohraya jaane vaalaa "wheat-sweet-sweet" yaa "vee-vee-vee" haye joe ghode kii ct kii tarah lagata haye.
vitaran.
yeh pakshi europe mein taaje paani kii jheelon key bhaari vanaspati kshetron mein chhote upaniveshon mein prajanan kartaa haye, asia key adhikansh bhaag seey laker nae ginny aur adhikansh africa mein. adhikansh pakshi sardiyon mein adhik khule yaa tateey jall mein jaate hain, lekin yeh kewal apani seema key una hisson mein pravaasi haye jahaan paani jumm jaataa haye. prajanan key mausam key baahar, yeh adhik khule paani mein chalaa jaataa haye, kabhi-kabhi chhote khandon mein tata parr bhee dikhaai detaa haye.
vyavhaar.
chhota grabe ack utkrisht tairak aur gotakhor haye aur paani key neeche apani machhali aur jaleey aksheruki shikaar kaa peechha kartaa haye. yeh vanaspati kaa upayog chhipane kii jagah key roop mein kushalata seey kartaa haye.
sabhi grabes kii tarah, yeh paani key kinare parr ghonsala banaata haye, kyonki isake pair bahut peechhe hain aur yeh achchi tarah seey naheen chala sakata haye. aamtaur parr chaar seey saat andey diye jaate hain. jaba vayask pakshi ghonsala chhodata haye tou aamtaur parr andey koo kharpatwaron seey dhakane kaa dhyaan rakhta haye. isase shikariyon dwara iska pataa lagaane kii sambhavana cumm hoe jaati haye. chhote bachche ghonsala chhod dete hain aur andey seey nikalane key turant baad tair sakate hain, aur choojon koo aksar tairane vaale vayaskon kii peeth parr leey jaaya jaataa haye. bhaarat mein, yeh prajaati varsha key mausam mein prajanan karati haye.

