
alonora gonjaga (1598-1655)

alonora gonjaga (23 sitambar 1598-27 juuna 1655), gonjaga key gharaane key sadasya key roop mein mantua kii rajkumari key roop mein paida hui thee, aur pavitra roman samrat ferdinand dwiteeya seey shaadi karke, pavitra roman maharani, german raani, hangri aur bohemia kii raani thee.
apane naam kii bhatiji seey khud koo alag karane key liye, unake karyakal key dauran, vienna mein shaahi darbar europeeya barok sangeet key kendron mein seey ack bunn gayaa. maharani key roop mein, alenora prati-sudhaar kii samarthak theen.
jeevan.
praarambhik varsh.
alonora kaa janm 23 sitambar 1598 koo mantua mein huaa thaa, joe kii vincenzo gonjaga, mantua aur monferrato key duke aur unaki patni aur pahale chachere bhaai alonora dee medisi kii sabse chhoti santan thee. unake pitaa kii or seey unake daadaa-daadi guglielmo gonjaga, mantua key duke aur montferrato aur unaki patni austriya key archduchess eleanor they, aur unaki maan kii or seey unake daadaa-daadi francisco aaee dee medisi, tuscany key grand duke aur unaki pahali patni austriya key archduchess joanna they.
apane janm key dou maheene baad, 22 navambar koo, rajkumari koo basilica palatina dee saanta barbara mein apani maan aur apane dou jeevit poorna-bhaai-bahanon, annaa dee 'medisi (jinaki mrityu 1584 mein 14 varsh kii ayu mein hui) aur mairi dee' medisi, france aur navaar kii bhaavi raani key sammaan mein "alonora annaa maria" naam seey bapatisma diyaa gayaa thaa. samaroh kaa sanchaalan francesco, mantua key bishap (gazuolo shakha seey rajkumar annibel gonzaga) dwara kiya gayaa thaa, aur unake dharm-maataa-pitaa ferdinand III they, joe aantarik austriya key archduke (pavitra roman samrat key roop mein unake bhaavi pati) they-jinka pratinidhitva jacob prandtner aur spen kii raani austriya key margaret ney kiya thaa.
alonora ney apana bachpan mantua key ducal darbar mein bitaaya, joe europeeya sanskriti aur vigyaan key kendron mein seey ack thaa. jaba vaha duss saal kii theen, taba unaki shiksha unaki chaachi margerita gonjaga koo saunpi gaee thee, joe ferrara aur modena kii duchez theen, joe halanki unhone kabhi pardaa naheen daala, lekin sent 'orsola key church seey judey ack clarison mathh mein rahati theen, jisaki sthaapana unhone khud kii thee. duchez ney yeh sunishchit kiya kii usaki bhatiji koo achchi shiksha mille, jisamen videshi bhaashaaen, itihas, sangeet aur chitrakala seekhana shamil thaa. jiss dhaarmik vatavaran mein vaha pully-badhee, usane elonora koo bahut prabhaavit kiya, aur dharmanishtha aur daan key karyon mein vyakt kiya gayaa.
1610 kii shuruat mein, duke vincenzo ney apani 12 varsheeya betty aur duke aur prince off paliano key beach ack shaadi parr baatchit kii, aur usa varsh march mein ack anubandh parr hastakshar kiye gaye jisake tahat 130,000 "scoody" key alonora key liye dahej nirdhaarit kiya gayaa thaa. haalaanki, doria parivaar key saath kolonon key pichhale vivaah samjhaute key kaaran baatchit jaldi hii samaapt hoe gaee. phir, peedmont key rajkumar aur sevoy key duchy key uttaradhikari vijeta amades key saath alonora key vivaah key liye baatchit shuru hui; haalaanki, ichchit doolhe koo dahej key roop mein ack badey kshetriya laabh kii ummeed thee, jise gonjaga key gharaane ney aswikar curr diyaa. duke vincenzo kii mrityu 1612 mein hui, isase pahale kii vaha apani sabse chhoti betty kii shaadi kii vyavastha curr sakey.
shaadi.
julaai 1621 mein vidhwa pavitra roman samrat ferdinand dwiteeya ney apane privy paarshad rajkumar hans ulrich wonn egenberg koo mantua bheja, aur unhein alonora key saath apani shaadi parr baatchit karane kaa nirdesh diyaa. samrat kii shaadi key liye naa kewal ack rishtedaar ("raashan consonguinitatis") key saath balki unaki dharmpatni ("raashan affinitatis spiritulis aiks baptismo contracte") key saath bhee hollie see kii vyavastha praapt karane key baad, 21 navambar koo anubandh parr hastakshar kiye gaye, jisamen ferdinand dwiteeya kii pahali patni dwara kiye gaye praavdhaanon koo dohraya gayaa, aur usee dinn mantua key ducal palace mein basilica palatina dee saanta barbara mein "prati procura" vivaah sampann huaa.
aadhikarik vivaah samaroh 2 farwari 1622 koo insbrook mein huaa aur samaroh kaafee mamuli they. ferdinand dwiteeya aur alonora, joe rishtedaron key saath they, shaahi mahal key chappel mein shaadi curr rahey they. doolhe seey shaadi key upahaar key roop mein, dulhan koo 30,000 ducat key heere aur motiyon seey banaa ack gahana milaa; isake alawa, usake pati key tyrolean vishayon dwara 18,000 florin alonora koo bhent kiye gaye they. shaadi key dou dinn baad navvivaahiton aur mehmaanon ney mairi key sevakon key convent mein ack dhaarmik prarthana mein bhaag liya, foundress key sammaan mein service thurd order kii dhaarmik bahanen, bahan annaa juliana gonjaga, divager archduchess-countess off tyrol (ack anya alonora kii chaachi), jinaki ack saal pahale mrityu hoe gaee thee. dou dinn baad, alonora key rishtedaron koo samrat seey upahaar mille aur way mantua key liye ravaana hoe gaye, aur agale dinn shaahi jodaa vienna chalaa gayaa.
unake beach umr key badey antar key bavjood, alonora aur ferdinand dwiteeya kii shaadi khushahal rahee. unaki koee santan naheen thee, lekin alonora apane sabhi sautele bachchon key saath ghanishth sambandh vikasit karane mein saksham thee, vishesh roop seey sabse chhote, archduke leopold wilheim key saath, jisamen unhone kalaa aur saahitya key liye ack swaad banaaya. apane pati kii tarah, vaha churchon aur mathon kii ack paropkari honey key naate aur daan key mamalon mein bahut ruchi lene key kaaran, gahari dhaarmik aur prati-sudhaar kii ack majboot samarthak theen. samrat aur maharani key kabool karane vaale yahudi they. elonora aur unake pati koo bhee shikaar aur sangeet seey pyaar thaa; kuchh samay baad, samrat ney apani patni key paksh mein vivaah anubandh mein sanshodhan kiya.
pavitra roman maharani aur german raani.
vienna pahunchane key turant baad, alonora ney german bhasha seekh lii. usane pichhali maharani key sevakon koo kaam parr rakhaa, apane adhikansh mool sevakon koo vaapas mantua bhej diyaa. ferdinand dwiteeya ney apani patni koo "feverita" mahal diyaa, joe pahale unaki divangat patni kaa thaa. baad mein, unhein laxenberg aur sconbroon mahalon kaa bhee adhikaar milaa.
26 julaai 1622 koo presberg mein alonora koo hangri kii raani kaa taaj pahanaaya gayaa, 7 navambar 1627 koo regensberg cathedral mein pavitra roman maharani aur german raani kaa taaj pahanaaya gayaa, aur usee varsh 21 navambar koo praag mein bohemia kii raani kaa taaj pahanaaya gayaa.
alonora koo rajneeti mein koee dilchaspi naheen thee, lekin unhone apani praja key liye ack achchi maharani banane kii koshish kii. vaha aksar apane pati key saath shaahi matdaataon aur samrajya key raajyon key pramukhon key saath baithakon mein jaati thee. unake dwara kiye gaye kaee yogdaanon mein, augustinian church mein loretto key madona key chappel kaa nirmaan thaa. 9 sitambar 1627 koo pavitra kiya gayaa, chappel shaahi darbar dwara upayog kiya jaane vaalaa doosara chappel bunn gayaa. chappel key peechhe, "herzgraft" kaa nirmaan kiya gayaa thaa, jisamen baad mein habsberg key ghar key sadasyon key dill shamil they. pope urban VIII key aashirvaad seey, maharani ney vienna mein alag-alag carmelites kaa ack mathh banaaya, aur apani mrityu key baad apani aatma key moksh key liye prarthana karane key liye apani ichcha mein 80,000 florin viraasat mein diye. apane pati key saath milkar unhone vienna mein alag-alag carmelite key ack aur mathh kii sthaapana kii aur bhaichare kii sahayak theen, jisane beghar logon koo dafanaane kii vyavastha kii thee. maharani ney graze mein discalesed carmelite kaa bhee samarthan kiya.
apane german vishayon parr dhyaan dene key bavjood, alonora ney apane darbar mein aaney vaale apane saathi italvi hamvatan logon koo apane samarthan seey incar naheen kiya. maharani ney italvi sangeetkaron aur nartakiyon koo apana sanrakshan diyaa. unake kaaran, vienna mein shaahi darbar europeeya barok sangeet kaa kendra bunn gayaa. unhone shaahi parivaar mein vishesh samarohon key dauran opera aur baile pradarshanon mein bhaag lene kii parampara shuru kii; pahala 1625 mein ferdinand dwiteeya key janmadin key dauran huaa thaa, aur iss anta taka, hofberg key badey lakadi key holl kaa nirmaan kiya gayaa thaa.
alonora key liye gahari chinta kaa ack srot mantuan uttaradhikar (1628-1631) kaa yuddh thaa, joe usake bhaaiyon francesco IV (1612), ferdinando (1626) aur vincenzo II (1627) kii mrityu key baad vaidh purush uttaradhikariyon key binaa shuru huaa. samrat, spen key raajaa phillip chaturth aur ack taraf seey sevoy key duke charles emmanuel pratham (jinhone guastala key duke ferrante dwiteeya gonjaga kaa samarthan kiya) aur doosari taraf france key raajaa luis XIII aur venis ganarajya (jinhone charles gonjaga, navers key duke kaa samarthan kiya) key beach yuddh key dauran, shaahi senaa ney maharani kii matribhoomi, mantua parr kabja curr liya aur usey barkhast curr diyaa.
vidhwa aur baad key varshon mein.
samrat ferdinand dwiteeya kii mrityu 15 farwari 1637 koo hui. vidhwa, alonora apane pati key makbare key paas, graze mahal mein buss gaee. usee varsh vaha vienna chully gaeen aur alag-alag carmelite mathh key mathh mein buss gaeen, jisaki unhone pahale sthaapana kii thee. samkaaleenon key anusaar, dahej kii maharani ney ack pavitra jeevan vyateet kiya. unhone apana kuchh samay shahar key baahar apane mahalon mein bitaaya, udaaharan key liye, sconbroon mein, joe unake dwara italvi barok kii bhavna mein bahut adhik paridrishya thaa.
18 aprail 1637 koo dahej maharani key roop mein unaki maudrik raashi kaa niptan kiya gayaa, halanki iss raashi koo baar-baar badala gayaa thaa. shaadi key dauran apane pati seey joe gahane usey mille, jisamen motee key saath heere kaa gahane bhee shamil thaa, joe unhein shaadi key dinn diyaa gayaa thaa, usey habsberg key ghar key khajaane mein vaapas curr diyaa gayaa.
pahale kii tarah, maharani dovager ney apane italvi aur austriyai rishtedaron key saath ack sakriya patrachar kaa netritva kiya. unhein charles dwiteeya gonjaga-navers, duke off mantua aur montferret dwara unaki bahan alonora aur unake sautele bete samrat ferdinand III key beach vivaah anubandh kii baatchit mein unakaa pratinidhi banane key liye adhikrit kiya gayaa thaa, jiss parr antatah 8 farwari 1651 koo hastakshar kiye gaye they.
apani vaseeyat mein, joe 1651 mein taiyar kii gaee thee aur apani mrityu seey kuchh samay pahale antim baar sanshodhit kii gaee thee, dahej-daataa maharani ney apani poti aur naam kii maharani alonora koo apani mukhya uttaradhikari key roop mein niyukt kiya. isake alawa, unhone smaarak sevaaon aur daan key liye kaafee raashi chhodi. alonora, dovager maharani aur german raani, kii mrityu 27 juuna 1655 koo vienna mein 56 varsh kii ayu mein hui aur unhein discalced carmelites key mathh mein dafnaya gayaa. maharani kaa dill ack bartan mein rakhaa gayaa thaa, jise unake pati key makbare key buggle mein unake makbare mein rakhaa gayaa haye. 1782 mein, unake avasheshon koo sent koo sthanantarit curr diyaa gayaa. vienna mein stephen kaa cathedral.

