
nava-concreet andolan

nava-concreet andolan (1959-61) ack brazilian kalaa andolan thaa, ack samooh joe lattin america aur duniya key anya hisson mein prachalit badey thhos kalaa andolan seey alag hoe gayaa thaa. niyo-concretus riyo dee janeiro key groupo unmaad seey ubhare. unhone thhos kalaa key shuddh tarkvaadi drishtikon koo aswikar curr diyaa aur adhik ghatnaatmak aur cumm vaigyaanik kalaa koo apanaaya. ferreira gullar ney apane nibandh "gair-vastu key siddhant" (1959) key madhyam seey nava-concreet darshan koo prerit kiya aur "nava-concreet ghoshanapatra" (1959) likhaa joe nava-concreet kalaa koo rekhaankit kartaa haye. lyzia clark, helio oitikika aur lyzia pape iss andolan key praathamik netaaon mein seey they.
prishthabhoomi.
pratham vishva yuddh key baad, europe ney dee stizzle aur bauhaus jaise tarkvaad parr adharit kalaa andolanon kii teji dekhi. kalakaron kaa maanana thaa kii manavata apani tark karane kii kshamata key madhyam seey pragati praapt karane mein saksham hogi. lattin america mein, tarkvaadi aur gair-uddeshya kalaa key vichaaron ney bhitti chitra vivaad kii pratikriya mein 1950 key dashak kii shuruat mein jadein jamaa leen. maxican sarkaar jaisi sarkaaron ney prachaar karane key liye bhitti chitron kaa upayog kiya. damankari lattin americi sarkaaron key tahat, kalakaron ney alankarik kalaa key madhyam seey raajneetik shasson kii sahaayata karane key vichaar key khilaf vidroh kiya; isaliye jyaamitiya amurtata aur thoswaad ney ack aisee kalaa kii shuruat kii joe kissy bhee raajneetik yaa vaastav mein koee arth naheen rakhti thee.
inn damankari shasanon key tahat thhos kalaa phalane-phoolane mein saksham thee kyonki isamen koee raajneetik sandesh yaa uttejak samagri naheen thee. brazil mein, 1946 mein ack loktaantrik ganarajya kii sthaapana key baad 1950 key dashak kii shuruat mein tarkvaadi kalaa aur jyaamitiya amurtata key vichaar utpann hue. 1946 seey 1964 taka kii avadhi koo dusare brazilian ganarajya key roop mein jaanaa jaataa haye. saao paulo mein groupo raptura aur riyo dee janeiro gulab mein groupo frente jaise samooh. vishesh roop seey vikshepan ney shuddh ganitiya kalaa key aadarsh kaa anusaran kiya joe isake arth key baahar naheen haye.
nava-swatantra kalaa andolan taba utpann huaa jaba groupo unmaad koo ehsas huaa kii thoswaad "nadan aur kuchh hudd taka upaniveshvaadi" aur "amoort sanrachana kii atyadhik tarksangat avadharana thee."
1961 mein jaise hii raajneetik jwaar-bhaata shuru huaa, nava-concreet kalakaron ney abb iss ack darshan taka khud koo seemit karane key liye samagri koo bhang naheen kiya. nava-concreet andolan key netaaon, lyzia clark aur helio otikika ney apani oorjaa koo vaichaarik kalaa mein lagaaya. kalaa itihaaskaar aksar nava-siddhantvaad koo "amoort tatvamimansa" kii neenv key kaaran vaichaarik kalaa key agradoot key roop mein sandarbhit karate hain.1 aprail, 1964 koo ack sainya takhtapalat ney joao gaulart koo hataa diyaa aur 1985 taka brazil mein ack sainya sarkaar kii sthaapana kii. hinsa mein vriddhi key liye ack naee tarah kii kalaa kaa ahwan kiya gayaa jisamen arth rakhane aur paaramparik vichaar koo aur bhee aage badhaane kii kshamata thee. yeh vaichaarik kalaa key roop mein aaya.
nava-thhos ghoshanapatra aur thoswaad key khilaf dhakka.
brazil key kavi aur lekhak ferreira gullar ney 1959 mein nava-concreet ghoshanapatra likhaa aur kalaa key ack kaam koo "kuchh aisaa joe isake ghatak tatvon key yog seey adhik haye; kuchh aisaa joe vishleshan vibhinn tatvon mein toot sakata haye lekin jise kewal ghatnaatmak roop seey samajha jaa sakata haye.thhos kalaa andolan key vipareet, gullar ack aisee kalaa kaa ahwan curr rhaa thaa joe tarkvaad yaa shuddh roop kii khoj parr adharit naheen thee. unhone aisee kalaa kii khoj kii joe darshak key shamil honey key baad sakriya hoe gaee. nava-swatantra kalaa koo vastu kii seemaon koo alag karna chaahiye aur "jatil maanav vaastaviktaon koo vyakt karna chaahiye."
jabaki thoswaad ney apani kalaa kaa nirmaan rung, sthaan aur roop key saath tark aur vastunishth gyaan key aadhar parr kiya, saarvbhaumiktaa aur vastunishthata koo vyakt karate hue, nava-thhos kalakaron ney rangon, sthaan aur roop koo "iss yaa usa kalaatmak bhasha seey sambandhit naheen" key roop mein dekhaa, balki manushya key jeevit aur anishchit anubhav key roop mein dekhaa.halanki nava-maulik kalaa ney abhee bhee apane vichaaron kii neenv key roop mein thoswaad koo banaae rakhaa, nava-saiddhaantik logon kaa maanana thaa kii kewal vastunishthata aur ganitiya siddhant hii ack divya drishya bhasha banaane key thhos lakshya koo puuraa naheen curr sakate.
nava-siddhantkaron kaa maanana thaa kii kalaakritiyaan kewal sthir pratinidhitva yaa roop naheen theen; balki nava-concreet kalakaron key iradon koo sambodhit karane key liye likhe gaye lyzia clark key saiddhaantik bayaan mein "kalaa jeevit jeevon kii tarah honey chaahiye", vaha bataati hain kii kalakar key roop mein way "ack nayaa, abhivyanjak 'sthaan' dhoondhana chaahte hain.iss andolan kaa maanana thaa kii kalaakriti aur darshak key beach ack pratyaksh sambandh key madhyam seey iss" "nae, abhivyanjak 'sthaan" "kaa nirmaan kiya jaa sakata haye. nava-swatantra kalakaron ney ack bahu-samvedi sthaan banaane kii maang kii, jisase darshak apane shareer aur astitva koo adhik teevra mahsoos curr sakey.
clark ney yeh bhee likhaa kii kaise nava-siddhantvaad ney "abhivyakti kaa madhyam" banaakar manavata kii prakriti koo samajhane kii koshish kii, jisase loga "ack javic, jeevit samagr key roop mein ekataa key baare mein jagrook hoe sakey.yeh kewal darshak key shareer key baare mein jagrukta bahaal naheen curr rhaa thaa, balki manavata key sampradayik astitva key baare mein bhee thaa.
pahali nava-concreet pradarshani march 1959 mein riyo dee janeiro mein aayojit kii gaee thee, aur pradarshani kalakaron mein emilkar dee castro, ferreira guller, fraans weissman, lyzia clark, lyzia pape, reinaldo jardim aur donn spainudis they.
"nava-swatantra ghoshanapatra.
iss ghoshanapatra parr ferreira guller dwara likhaa gayaa thaa, aur iss parr emilkar dee castro, ferreira guller, franz weissman, lyzia clark, lyzia pape, reinaldo jardim aur theon spainudis dwara hastakshar kiye gaye they. yeh 22 march 1959 koo "journal doo brazil" mein prakaashit huaa thaa."