
maayo10

myosine aiks, jise maayo10 key roop mein bhee jaanaa jaataa haye, ack protein haye jise manushyon mein "maayo10" jeane dwara kootbaddh kiya jaataa haye.
maayo10 ack actin-adharit motor protein haye joe ungli jaise cellular protrution key sire parr sthaaniyakrit hoe sakata haye jise philopodia key roop mein jaanaa jaataa haye. maayo10 motey taur parr standhari ootakon mein vyakt kiya jaataa haye, halanki apekshaakrit cumm star parr. nockout choohon key saath adhyayanon seey pataa chalata haye kii neural tube bund karane aur aankho key vikas jaisi bhroon prakriyaon mein maayo10 key mahatvapurna kaary hain. maayo10 kaa cancer key aakraman aur vikas mein bhee mahatvapurna kaary haye.
maayo10 koo maayo10 key saath bhramit naheen kiya jaanaa chaahiye, joe gair-manspeshi myosine 2bee key roop mein jaane jaane vaale varg II myosine kii bhaari shrinkhala koo kootbaddh kartaa haye.
sanrachana aur kaary.
maanav "maayo10" jeane kaa vistaar ~ 274 key. bee. haye aur yeh gunasutra 5 baind 5p15.1 (jee. aar. aich. ensemble release 89) parr sthit haye. yeh ack poorna-lambai aar. aine. aeye. pratilekh kaa utpaadan kartaa haye jisamen 41 exon ack maayo10 bhaari shrinkhala koo encoding karate hain, jisake anumaanit anukram mein 2058 emino acid aur ~ 237 key. dee. aeye. kaa anumaanit aanvik vajan hotaa haye. kaee motor proteins kii tarah, poorna lambai vaale maayo10 protein koo sir, gardan aur poonchh seey banaa maanaa jaa sakata haye. aine-terminal haid yaa myosine motor domen ack actin filament seey juda sakata haye, aeye. tii. pee. koo hydrolyse curr sakata haye aur bull kaa utpaadan curr sakata haye. gardan yaa prakaash shrinkhala bandhan kshetra mein 3 iq rupankanon hotey hain, jisamen pratyek iq rupankan key saath ack anu key liye ack bandhan sthal pradaan kartaa haye joe kii ack ~ 16.5 kda calcium-bandhan protein haye. adhikansh callodulin bandhan sthalon key vipareet, joe kewal calcium kii upasthiti mein callodulin seey judate hain, maayo10 mein iq rupankanon koo calcium kii anupasthiti mein callodulin seey baandh sakate hain. maayo10 iq rupankanon koo bhee shaant 3 koo baandhane key liye bataaya gayaa haye, joe upkala koshikaon mein vyakt ack shantolin jaise protein haye, isaliye shantol 3 kuchh sthitiyon mein shantolin key sthaan parr maayo10 prakaash shrinkhala key roop mein kaam curr sakata haye. maayo10 kii poonchh ack alfa-helical kshetra seey shuru hoti haye jiska sameepavarti bhaag ack ekal, sthir alfa helix (saah domen) banaata haye joe gardan key kshetra dwara banaai gaee leaver bhuja koo lamba kartaa haye. alfa helical kshetra kaa doorasth bhaag ack antiparal kundalit kundal banaane key liye 0.6 key. dee. key saath swayam-judaa sakata haye, jisase dou maayo10 bhaari shrinkhalaon koo ack antiparal diamer banaane kii anumati milati haye, joe gyaat myosine key beach ack advitiya sanrachana haye.
maayo10 poonchh mein saah aur kundalit kundal key alawa kaee kshetra shamil hain. inmein 3 keat anukramon vaalaa ack kshetra shamil haye-amino acid proline (pee), glutamine (ee), serin (aiss) aur tii (threonin) mein samriddh anukram joe aksar calpain jaise protease dwara daraar seey judey hotey hain. maayo10 tail gyaat mayosinon mein advitiya haye jisamen 3 ph domen (plextrin homology domen) hotey hain, joe aksar jhilli koo baandhane mein shamil ack domen hotaa haye. maayo10 key pahale ph domen kaa anukram kuchh asamanya haye kyonki yeh ack satah loop kii upasthiti seey vibhajit haye jisamen doosara ph domen hotaa haye. doosara ph domen mahatvapurna sanket lipid phosphatidilinositol (3,4,5)-trisfosphate [paaee (3,4,5) pee3] seey judataa haye aur kuchh sthitiyon mein phosphatidilinositol (4,5)-bisphosphate [paaee (4,5) pee2] seey judane kii soochana dee gaee haye. maayo10 key 3 ph domen koo plasma jhilli mein bharti karane key liye ack saath kaam karane key liye socha jaataa haye. maayo10 kii poonchh ack supermodule mein samaapt hoti haye jisamen ack myth 4 domen (myosine tail homology 4) aur ack firm domen (baind 4.1, azrin, radixin, mosin) hotaa haye. maayo10 kaa myth4 domen microtubules koo 0.24 umm kii report kii gaee aatmiyata key saath baandh sakata haye aur poorna lambai vaalaa maayo10 koo ack actin filament koo usake sir seey bandhe ack microtubul koo usaki poonchh seey baandhane kii mahatvapurna kshamata detaa haye. maayo10 firm domen kaee beeta-integreen key cytoplasmic domen, koshika asanjan receptor key ack pramukh varg, aur colorectal cancer (dee. see. see.) aur neogenin (niyo1) mein hataae gaye natrine receptors key cytoplasmic domen seey juda sakata haye. halanki poorna-lambai vaalaa maayo10 protein apekshaakrit cumm star parr vyakt kiya jaataa haye, lekin iska pataa mastishk, vrishan, gurde, fefde, pett aur agnyashay sahit adhikansh standhari ootakon mein lagaaya jaa sakata haye.
deshi poorna-lambai vaali maayo10 bhaari shrinkhala 3 callodulin/callodulin jaisi prakaash shrinkhalaon key saath ack monomer key roop mein yaa 6 callodulin/callodulin jaisi prakaash shrinkhalaon key saath ack antiparallel diamer key roop mein maujood hoe sakati haye. sabhi 6 prakaash shrinkhalaon key saath ack antiparal maayo10 diamer mein iss prakaar 8 upa-ikaaiyaan aur ~ 574 kda kaa ack deshi mw hoga. mahatvapurna roop seey, ack maayo10 monomer mein poonchh sir kii motor gatividhi koo rokane key liye sir parr vaapas modd sakati haye. plasma jhilli paaee (3,4,5) pee3 staron mein vriddhi koo unake ph domen key madhyam seey plasma jhilli mein maayo10 monomers kii bharti karane key liye parikalpana kii jaati haye, jisase unaki motor gatividhi sakriya hoti haye aur unaki sthaaniya ekagrata badhati haye, jisase sakriya antiparal diamer kaa gathan hotaa haye joe actin filaments key saath aage badhane mein saksham hotey hain. maayo10, maayo6 key alawa anya sabhi gyaat myosine kii tarah, actin filament key kantedar chhor kii or badhata haye. maayo10 prati vyakti ~ 10-20 aeye. tii. pee./aiss. koo hydrolyse karane mein saksham haye aur yeh ~ 300-1500 nm/aiss kii darr seey gati utpann karane key liye bataaya gayaa haye. ekal-anu adhyayanon seey pataa chalata haye kii deshi maayo10 diamer ~ 55 nm taka key kadam uthaa sakate hain, joe motor protein key liye report kiye gaye sabse badey kadmon mein seey hain. maayo10 kaa badaa kadam aakar kuchh hudd taka isake gardan key kshetra aur sthir alfa helix dwara banaai gaee lambi leaver bhuja key kaaran haye, aur kuchh hudd taka ~ 120° key ullekhaniya roop seey badey swing key kaaran maayo10 leaver bhuja apane power stroke key dauran gujarati haye. maayo 10 seey philopodial actin bandalon koo lakshit karane vaale tantra mein bahut ruchi haye, aur maayo 10 kii ack bundle mein ack actin filament seey dusare mein kadam rakhane kii kshamata mein. oopar varnit poorna-lambai key maayo10 key alawa, poorna-lambai key pratilekh key intron 19-20 mein sthit vaikalpik pratilekhan praarambh saiton kaa upayog "headless" maayo10 pratilekhon key utpaadan mein parinam detaa haye jisamen adhikansh myosine haid domen kii kamee hoti haye, lekin baaki maayo10 bhaari shrinkhala shamil hoti haye. maanav mein pramukh headless pratilekhon mein poorna-lambai vaale maayo10 key exon 20-41 shamil honey kii bhavishyavani kii gaee haye aur aim644 parr anuvaad kii shuruat key parinamswarup ack 1415 emino acid headless protein hoga jisamen anumaanit mw 163 key. dee. aeye. hoga joe poorna-lambai vaale maayo10 key emino acid 644-2058 key samaan hoga. kyonki headless maayo10 mein adhikansh haid domen kaa abhaav haye, isamen motor gatividhi kaa abhaav haye, lekin yeh maayo10 key sabhi anya domen koo barkarar rakhta haye aur iss prakaar seey ummeed kii jaati haye kii yeh shaant superfamly kii prakaash shrinkhalaon, paaee (3,4,5) pee3 yaa paaee (4,5) pee3 vaali jhilli, microtubule aur protein koo baandhata haye joe maayo10 kii poonchh koo dcc, neogen aur btn jaise baandhata haye. headless maayo10 koo apane vibhinn badhyakari bhagidaron key liye ack machaan protein key roop mein kaary karane key liye aur/yaa ack "praakritik" pramukh nakaratmak key roop mein parikalpana kii gaee haye joe poorna-lambai maayo10 key karyon koo roque sakata haye.
vikaasvaadi sambandh.
maayo10 myosine key ack vikaasvaadi pracheen samooh kaa sadasya haye jisaki poonchh mein myth 4-firm domen hotey hain aur joe philopodia, microville aur aantarik kaana stereosilia jaise actin bandalon key aadhar parr cellular protrution mein mahatvapurna kaary karate hain. slime mould dictiostelium ack mithak 4-firm myosine koo vyakt kartaa haye jise myosine-7 key roop mein jaanaa jaataa haye joe philopodia gathan mein shamil haye aur isamen 2 mithak 4-firm supramodule hain lekin koee ph domen naheen haye. aisaa prateet hotaa haye kii maayo10 kii utpatti lagbhag ack arab saal pahale ack pauranik 4-firm supermodule key nuksan aur 3 ph domen key judaav sahit kaee parivartanon dwara ack paitrik myosine-7 jaise protein seey hui thee. ack maayo10 jeane philozoan aur choanophlagelets (protozoan samooh joe bahukoshikiya jaanvaron seey sabse nikatata seey sambandhit hain) seey laker manushyon taka key jeevon mein maujood hotaa haye. maayo10 aksheruki vanshavali mein khou gayaa thaa joe phal makkhiyon aur nematode jaise jeevon kii or leey jaataa haye, halanki yeye vanshavali anya mithak 4-firm myosine jaise kii myosine-7 koo vyakt karate hain. manushya maayo10 key alawa 3 mithak 4-firm myosine vyakt karate hainh maayo7aeye, user syndrome 1bee badhirata mein utparivartit jeane; maayo7bee, microville key sire parr ack asanjan parisar kaa ack ghatak; aur maayo15aeye, ack myosine joe aantarik stereosilia key sire parr sthaaniya hotaa haye aur joe dfnb3 badhirata mein utparivartit hotaa haye. anya mithak 4-firm myosine key mukhya domen maanav pradarshan mein vyakt kiye gaye hain, joe maayo 10 key saath adhikatam 45 pratishat samagr emino acid anukram pehchaan parr hain aur unake poonchh vaale domen mein 3 ph domen key bajaay 2 myth 4-firm domen aur maayo 10 mein 1 myth 4-firm domen hotey hain.
cellular kaary.
maayo10 philopodia key sire taka sthaaniyakrit hoe sakata haye, ack aisee sampatti jisaki adhikansh anya myosine mein kamee haye. jaba maayo10 koo harey fluorescent protein (jee. aff. pee.) key saath tagg kiya gayaa thaa aur koshikaon mein vyakt kiya gayaa thaa, tou jee. aff. pee.-maayo10 key chhote pankta koo 100 nm/aiss kii darr seey philopodia key bheetar agra kii or badhate hue dekhaa gayaa thaa. ekal-anu samvedansheelta key saath imaging ney ~ 600-1400 nm/s kii darr parr vyaktigat maayo10 diamer kii samaan gatividhiyon kaa khulasa kiya. jee. aff. pee.-maayo10 bhee 15 nm/aiss kii pratigaami pravaah darr parr philopodia mein peechhe kii or badhata haye. inn tippaniyon ney iss parikalpana koo janm diyaa kii maayo10 anu apani motor gatividhi kaa upayog philpodial actin filaments key saath teji seey aage badhane key liye karate hain aur pratigaami actin pravaah dwara dheere-dheere peechhe kii or leey jaane key liye philpodial actin filaments seey juda sakate hain. maayo10 kii iss "intraphylopodial gatishilata" ney sujhaav diyaa haye kii maayo10 philopodia key bheetar cargo key parivahan key liye ack motor protein key roop mein kaary kartaa haye. maayo10 key gathan aur/yaa philopodia key sthirikaran mein bhee mahatvapurna kaary hain, maayo10 atee-abhivyakti key saath philopodia kii sankhya aur lambai mein vriddhi hoti haye, jabaki maayo10 kii nockdown yaa nockout seey philopodia cumm hoe jaataa haye. maayo10 key koshika vibhajan mein bhee mahatvapurna kaary hain, vishesh roop seey mitotic spindle abhivinyas mein. maio10 koo atirikt centrosome koo cluster karane key liye bhee aavashyak haye joe cancer koshikaon kii ack pehchaan haye, joe bahut ruchi kii prakriya haye kyonki cancer koshikaon koo safaltapurvak vibhajit karane key liye apane centrosome koo cluster karane kii aavashyakta hoti haye.
roga mein bhoomika.
badhate sakshya seey pataa chalata haye kii cancer mein maayo10 kii mahatvapurna bhoomika haye. cancer koshikaon key atirikt centrosome koo ikattha karane mein isaki bhoomika key alawa, maayo10 invadopodia, philopodia seey sambandhit protrution kaa ack pramukh ghatak haye jiska upayog cancer koshikaaen apane aspas key kshetra parr aakraman karane key liye karati hain. cancer koshika aakraman koo dabaane vaale kaee microrna bhee aanshik roop seey maayo10 mrna koo lakshit karke kaary karate hain. maayo10 kii nockout yaa nockdown cancer koshika aakraman koo dabaane yaa stun cancer, fefadon key cancer aur glioma key prayogaatmak model mein failane key liye bataaya jaataa haye, jahaan maayo10 kii nockout ney anyatha aprabhaavi chemotherapy agent kii prabhavsheelta koo bhee badhaaya. inn parinamon key saath-saath shodh seey pataa chalata haye kii melanoma key mouse model mein maayo10 key nockout ney 260% dwara uttarjeevita key samay mein vriddhi kii, jisase maayo10 ack sambhaavit cancer-rodhi lakshya bunn gayaa.
model jeev.
maayo10 nockout choohon key kaee upabhed utpann kiye gaye hain aur pradarshit karate hain kii maayo10 tantrika nully bund karane, aankho key vikas, rakt vahika nirmaan aur pigmentation jaisi prakriyaon mein vikas key dauran mahatvapurna kaary kartaa haye. mouse bhroon key lagbhag ~50% jinamen maayo10 kii kamee thee, way praarambhik mastishk vikas key dauran apani tantrika nully koo bund karane mein whiffle rahey aur accenciphaly key ghaatak janm dosh koo pradarshit kiya. dilchasp baat yeh haye kii nockout bhroon joe accencephaly vikasit naheen karate they, janm seey jeevit rahane, vayaskata taka badhane aur santan paida karane mein saksham they, joe ingit kartaa haye kii vayask astitva key liye maayo10 aavashyak naheen haye. janm seey bache maayo10 nockout choohon mein kaee asaamaanyataon kii uchch aavrittiyaan theen, jisamen ~100% ack safed pett key dhabbe koo pradarshit kartaa thaa, joe kii melanocyte agraduton kii palayan karane kii kshamata mein kamee seey judaa ack varnak dosh thaa. maayo10 koo choohon ney bhee netra dosh kaa pradarshan kiya jise sthaayi bhroon vasculature (pee. aff. vee.) key roop mein jaanaa jaataa haye, ack sthiti joe vikaasheel aankh key hyloid vasculature kii thheek seey pratigaman karane mein viphalata key parinamswarup hoti haye. maayo10 koo choohon ney chhoti aankho (microfthalmia) aur lens doshon jaisi anya netra asaamaanyataon kii uchch aavrittiyon kaa bhee pradarshan kiya. maayo10 koo choohon kaa ausat bhee niyantran choohon kii tulanaa mein vajan mein ~20% cumm thaa aur lagbhag aadhe mein ack yaa adhik webbed ank (syndactly) they.
velakam trust singer institute mein "maayo10tm2 (comp) wtci" naamak ack sashart nockout mouse line banaai gaee thee. narr aur maadaa jaanvaron koo hataane key prabhaavon koo nirdhaarit karane key liye saikadon visheshtaon kii ack maankeekrit phenotypic screen seey gujarna padaa. atirikt screen pradarshanah-gahan pratirakshaatmak phenotyping

