
hilde ways

hilde henrickson ways (janm 18 agast 1959, natakkar mein) ack norwey key itihaaskaar aur shaanti shodhkarta hain. vaha oslo vishvavidyalaya mein itihas kii professor hain aur 1992 seey 1993 taka oslo shaanti anusandhaan sansthaan kii karyavahak nideshak theen. vege israel-philistine sangharsh aur norwey-israel sambandhon kii visheshagya hain.
carrier.
ways ney mombatti leey lii.philol. 1987 mein oslo vishvavidyalaya mein degree aur dow.daarshanik. 1997 mein degree, donon itihas mein. vaha 2007 mein oslo vishvavidyalaya mein professor baneen. isase pahale, ways ney shaanti anusandhaan sansthaan oslo (priya) mein kaam kiya, jyaadaatar ack shodhkarta key roop mein lekin karyavahak nideshak (sitambar 1992-aprail 1993) aur upa nideshak (1996-2005) key roop mein bhee.
1990 key dashak kii shuruat seey madhya key dauran israel-philistine vaarta kii oslo prakriya mein norwey kii bhoomika parr ways ney norwey key chhatravritti mein moolbhoot yogdan diyaa haye. vaha norwey key poorv raajya sachiv zaan agland key doctorate thesis kii bhee aalochana karati rahee hain, joe oslo vaartaon mein ghanishth roop seey shamil they, aur unhone oslo prakriya kaa upayog yeh pradarshit karane key liye kiya haye kii vaha "atyadhik asmamit sanghrshon mein ack chhote seey raajya dwara teesare paksh kii madhyasthata kii seema" koo pradarshit karati hain, joe kii ageland key thesis key vipareet haye.
oslo prakriya key hisse mein prasiddh back-channel vaarta shamil thee, joe norwey dwara madhyasthata kii gaee thee. 2001 mein, vaij koo norwey key videsh mantralaya (aim. aff. aeye.) dwara iss back channel kaa vyaapak adhyayan karane key liye niyukt kiya gayaa thaa. shodh koo puuraa karane key liye, unhein mantralaya key abhilekhagar mein sabhi praasangik, abhee bhee vargeekrit faailon taka visheshaadhikaar praapt pahunch pradaan kii gaee thee. aim. aff. aeye. oslo prakriya key kendra mein thaa, lekin jaba abhilekhagar mein kaam karane key liye taiyar kiya gayaa tou vaha yeh jaankar aashcharyachakit hoe gaee kii "janwari seey sitambar 1993 taka kii poori avadhi key liye kagaj kaa ack bhee scrap naheen-thheek backchannel vaarta kii avadhi."iss tarah key dastavej maujood hain, aur oslo prakriya key israeli khaaton dwara uddhrit kiye gaye hain, lekin ise ujagar karane key prayaas whiffle rahey hain, aur anya baaton key saath-saath, poorv videsh mantri johann jorgen holst dwara rakhe gaye dastavejon kii mahatvapurna matra koo praapt karane seey incar curr diyaa gayaa haye. vaij aur anya loga anuman lagaate hain kii iss tarah key dastavejon koo party-raajneetik karanon seey chhipaaya gayaa haye, taaki oslo prakriya key dauran israel key rukh key baare mein israel aur hamein pareshan karane seey bachaa jaa sakey, aur isamen shamil norwey key adhikaariyon key nihit hiton key liyeh vaij ney terze road-larson, unaki patni monaa jula, zaan ageland aur johann jorgen holst key margadarshan mein norwey kaa varnan "israel key madadgaar kaam karane vaale ladke" key roop mein kiya haye."
ways oslo mein apane desh kii bhoomika koo dou charanon mein vibhajit karati haye. pahale mein, "norwey key logon ney kewal ack bahut hii mamuli suvidha pradaata kii bhoomika nibhai"; haalaanki, dusare key dauran, maee 1993 seey israeliyon dwara oslo vaarta kii sthiti koo unnat karane key baadah
ways ney baithakon mein nervey kii vaastavik shakti key baare mein bhee tippani kii. unhone apane pepper key antim paragraph "postscript too oslo" mein kahaa haih samadhan lagu karane kii shakti key binaa, aur sabse badhkar majboot party parr nirbhar, asman pratiyogitaon mein kamjor raajya madhyasth koo "prakriya samroopata" parr bahut adhik bharosa karna chaahiye, jahaan donon pakshon key saath poorna samaantaa key saath vyavhaar kiya jaataa haye, thheek usee tarah kii vyavastha pradaan kii jaati haye, aur apane mamle koo banaane key liye thheek usee samay kaa aavantan kiya jaataa haye, aur isi tarah. norwey key logon ney iss samroopata koo praapt karane key liye bahut prayaas kiye (jaisa kii amerikiyon ney philistiniyon aur israeliyon key beach apane madhyasthata prayason mein kiya, halanki vibhinn karanon seey). prakriya samroopata key saath samasya yeh haye kii yeh shakti vishamta koo sambodhit naheen curr sakata haye joe anivarya roop seey vaarta key parinam koo vikrit kartaa haye. prakriya samroopata aur pravesh [sic] suvidhajanak abhyaas virodhiyon aur vaastavik sanchaar, yahaan taka kii vishvaas key bhram key beach samaantaa kii bhavna paida curr sakate hain. norwey key logon kaa maanana thaa kii baatchit aur vishvaas key kramik nirmaan key madhyam seey, ack aparivartaniya shaanti gatishil banaai jaayegi joe prakriya koo samadhan kii or aage badhaa sakati haye. iss poore drishtikon key saath samasya yeh haye kii mudda vishvaas kaa naheen haye, balki shakti kaa haye. suvidha prakriya usa vaastaviktaa koo dhakta haye. anta mein, ack kamjor teesare paksh key suvidha pradaata dwara praapt kiye jaa sakane vaale parinam majboot paksh kii anumati seey adhik naheen hain. asamanya udaartaa yaa vaastav mein doordarshi drishti kii kamee, iss tarah kaa samadhan kewal asantulit aur anuchit hoe sakata haye, aur isaliye antatah asthir hoe sakata haye. yeh sawal poochha jaanaa chaahiye kii kyaa aisaa model kabhi upayukt hoe sakata haye.
aalochak.
shaanti key liye israel key saath aur tweeter parr suraksha balon koo aatankvaadiyon seey kaise nipatna chaahiye, iss baare mein unake madhyam drishtikon key liye ways kii aalochana kii gaee thee.

