
wallis eastburn haau

valis eastburn howay (1868-1960) rode dweep key ack ullekhaniya americi vastukar they.
jeevani.
howay kaa janm 1868 mein philadelphia mein ack parivaar mein huaa thaa jisaki jadein bristol, rode dweep mein gahari theen. vaha maark antony dee wolf howay kaa 18vaan aur antim bachcha thaa, joe james dee wolf kaa ack mahaan-bhatija thaa. howay key pitaa ney janwari 1872 mein central pensylvania key episcopal diosis key bishap key roop mein apane kartavyon kii shuruat kii, aur agale varsh apane parivaar koo padhane key liye sthanantarit curr diyaa.
unhone pahali baar reeding key selvin holl, diocession school mein bhaag liya. snaatak honey key baad, unhone lehai vishvavidyalaya ('89) aur massachusets praudyogiki sansthaan (' 92) mein bhaag liya. haau 1894 taka bristol (aur ack vastukar kaa karyalaya khola) gayaa. lagbhag 1896 mein vaha providence architects martin aind holl key karyalaya mein shamil hoe gayaa, halanki unhone bristol mein commission sweekaar karna jaari rakhaa. unhone jaldi hii karyalaya mein uchch star kii jimmedaari hassil curr lii, aur unhein kaee pariyojanaon parr design kartavya diye gaye. way 1901 taka martin aind holl key saath rahey, jaba way clark aind spalling key karyalaya mein shamil hue. yeh firm bahut hii sankshipt samay key liye clark, spaulding aur haau bunn gaee, lekin kuchh maheenon baad spaulding kii sevaanivritti key baad clark aur haau bunn gaee.
clark aind howay 1903 mein shuru hui, jaba unhone yuu key liye commission jeetaa, tou yeh road dweep kii pramukh farmon mein seey ack bunn gaee. aiss. providence mein sanghiya bhawan. 1908 mein jaba taka imarat poori hui, taba taka unhein kaee shaikshanik aur saarvajanik bhavanon key liye commission mill chuka thaa. elasure bee. hommer, ack anya poorv chhaatr, 1907 seey 1913 taka bhagidar they. clark 1928 mein sevaanivritt hue, aur firm haau aind church bunn gaee. saimuel doubleu. church cumm seey cumm 1908 seey firm key saath thaa, jaba unake parivaar ney bristol mein benjamin church ghar kii sthaapana kii thee. church 1938 mein sevaanivritt huaa, aur earl aff. prout, firm kaa mukhya draftman, bhagidar bunn gayaa. 1946 mein saajhedaari kaa vistaar edward oh koo shamil karane key liye kiya gayaa thaa. ekman, jaise haau, prout aur ekman. ekman 1928 seey 1931 taka howay aind church key saath ack sahayogi rahey they, jisake baad unhone apana karyalaya khola thaa. ackman 1959 mein chalaa gayaa, aur firm 1960 mein haau aind prout mein vaapas aaa gaee. prout koo earl prout key sthaan parr rakhaa gayaa thaa, jisaki usee varsh mrityu hoe gaee thee. usa varsh haau kii bhee mrityu hoe gaee, aur firm key baad donald jey ney padbhar sambhala. prout aur sahayogi. usa samay prout kii umr kewal 29 varsh thee. prout ney 1973 mein karyalaya koo cranston mein sthanantarit curr diyaa, jahan yeh apane astitva mein rhaa.
vastukala kaary.
niji abhyaas, c.1894-1896.
valis howay kaa pahala gyaat design thames street parr, 1894 kaa purana bristol shastragar haye. yeh agyaat haye kii usane commission kaise praapt kiya, lekin yeh shayed parivarik sambandhon key madhyam seey thaa. haau ney ack romansk punruddhar shally kaa chayan kiya jisane usa yug mein nirmit shastragaron koo madhyayugeen swaad diyaa. 1895 mein unhone frank aim key liye ack ghar (60 church) kaa design banaaya. demond, aur 1896 mein andreau linch key liye ack (40 woodlon). donon raani annie mukhyadhara mein aaraam seey they.
martin aind holl key saath, 1896-1901.
1896 key aspas, haau ack designer key roop mein martin aind holl key providence offices mein shamil hoe gaye, jahan unhone jaldi seey uchch star kii jimmedaari praapt curr lii. vaha firm kii or seey kaary curr sakata thaa, bhawan nirmaan permit key liye aavedan curr sakata thaa, aur apane naam key tahat design nishpaadit curr sakata thaa. unhone bristol kshetra mein kaee martin aur holl imaraton key liye kaary shuru kiya. vahaan, unhone vaaee koo design kiya. aim. see. aeye. 1898 mein hope street parr imarat. agale varsh unhone isoline aur hatty baarn key liye windsto naamak ack bandargah nivaas bhee banaaya. haau koo baad mein 221 hope street parr, bahanon seey ghar viraasat mein milaa.
clark aind haau, 1901-1928.
haau prescott oh key saath judaa huaa thaa. clark, ack aur aim. aaee. tii. snaatak, 27 varshon key liye. iss avadhi key dauran, clark aind howay shahar kii mukhya vaastushilp companiyon mein seey ack key roop mein ubhara, jisamen jackson, roberton aur addams unake sabse badey pratiyogi they.
designs mein shamil hainh
haau aind church, 1928-1938.
1928 mein prescott clark sevaanivritt hue aur lambe samay taka karmchari rahey saimuel doubleu dwara pratisthaapit kiye gaye. church. mahamandi key kaaran nava sthaapit firm key paas vaanijyik bhavanon koo design karane key kuchh avsar they. 1929 mein teen imaraton key apavaad key saath, dwiteeya vishva yuddh taka iss tarah kaa koee aayog karyalaya mein naheen aaya thaa. inmein seey pahala nahar sadak parr beema bhawan thaa. ise dou beema companiyon, road dweep beema company aur vyapariyon kii agni beema company key liye banaaya gayaa thaa. isake liye, 1950 key dashak taka banaai gaee antim oonchi imarat, haau ney apane pasandida rupankanon mein seey ack, ogi gable kaa punah upayog karane kaa vikalp chunaa. iss vishisht tatva key apavaad key saath, imarat anyatha choona patthar mein aupaniveshik punruddhar kaa ack saadaa, roodhivaadi udaaharan haye. agali imarat purani patthar surakshit jamaa aur trust company kaa samrajya sadak mukhyalaya thaa, joe bachat key liye providence sansthaan kii ack naee sthaapit sahayak company thee. yeh firm key kaee samkaaleen karyon kii tulanaa mein bahut adhik alankrit abhijatyavaad kaa upayog kartaa haye. adhikansh padosi imaaraten samtal hain, aur iss imarat koo block kaa "drishya aakarshan" maanaa jaa sakata haye. teesari vaanijyik imarat, joe abb khou gaee thee, 90 westminster street parr providence national baink thee. yeh ack maanak nava-georgian kaam thaa, halanki yeh kaanch key apane vyaapak upayog key liye jaanaa jaataa thaa. 1937 mein, ise raajya mein sabse achchi aadhunik vaanijyik imaraton mein seey ack key roop mein jaanaa jaataa thaa. 2005 mein ise 110 westminster pariyojana key liye dhwast curr diyaa gayaa thaa, jise kabhi naheen banaaya gayaa thaa.
nagrik aur shaikshanik bhavanon ney kaee varshon taka firm key utpaadan kaa adhikansh hissa banaaya. yeh 1929 mein shuru kiya gayaa thaa aur haau aind church koo poorv providence mein nae emma pendaletan bradley aspatal, ack bachchon key manorog aspatal koo design karane key liye commission kiya gayaa thaa. kaee how key designs kii tarah, yeh imarat nava-georgian shally mein thee, phir seey ogi gable kaa punah upayog curr rahee thee. agale varsh vastukaron ney providence saarvajanik pustakalaya key liye rochambue aur dakshin providence pustakalayon kii rachana kii. yeye 20 key dashak mein vikasit kiye gaye prototype clark aur haau parr adharit honey they, lekin yeh design chune gaye sthalon key liye avyaavhaarik saabit huaa. rochambue ack vishisht aich-plan sanrachana thee, jisamen nava-georgia key rupankanon kii bhaari visheshta thee. dakshin providence, ack sankeern madhya-block site parr, bahut spasht roop seey banaaya gayaa thaa. 1932 mein how ney roser williams baptist church key liye ack naee imarat kaa design kiya, ack samay thaa jaba thomas aeye dwara 1855 kii imarat parr kabja curr liya gayaa thaa. teft. imarat kii ghatati sthiti aur avasaad key kaaran, church ney cranston street baptist church key saath apane kuchh karyon koo majboot karane kaa faisala kiya. cranston street church ney iss shart key saath imarat kii adhikansh laagat kaa bhugtan karane kii peshkash kii kii way naee imarat kii samudayik suvidhaon kaa upayog curr sakate hain. church ney cranston aur ford sadakon parr ack byzantine punruddhar shally mein apani naee imarat kaa nirmaan kiya. 1935 mein haau ney ack dusare pramukh aspatal kii yojana banaai, joe kii vaalam jheel mein road dweep raajya sanatorium mein mukhya bhawan thaa. wallam lake house key roop mein jaanaa jaane vaalaa, yeh 1903 mein nirmit thornton aur thornton kii bigadati imarat koo badal detaa haye. haau key design koo unake bradley aspatal parr bahut badey paimaane parr model kiya gayaa thaa. jaba vaha nirmanadhin thaa, tou kaise nae cranston city holl koo design kiya gayaa, jisane 19 veen shatabdi kii imarat koo badal diyaa jise aag kaa jaal maanaa jaataa thaa. 1936 mein nirmit naee imarat badee thee lekin anyatha ullekhaniya naheen thee.
howay aind church ney bhee kaee niji aavason kaa nirmaan kiya, jyaadaatar 1931 taka. inmein seey sabse badaa 1929 mein villium key liye ack ghar thaa. barrington mein 132 nayat road parr tully. 1930 mein, vastukaron ney elizabeth jee key liye ack ghar kaa design banaaya. lakadi, saimuel church kii vidhwa betty. 72 manning street mein, yeh johnn holden green key kaam seey prerit nava-sanghiya kaam kaa ack achchha udaaharan haye. 1938 mein, unhone charles bee key liye ack badee haveli kaa design banaaya. rockwell junier. bristol mein, popascash road parr. yeh graameen angreji punrutthan kaa ack saral lekin badaa udaaharan haye jise sukhad bindu key roop mein jaanaa jaataa haye.
anya designs mein shamil hainh
haau aind prout, 1938-1946.
saimuel church 1938 mein firm seey sevaanivritt huaa, aur haid draftman earl aff. prout ack bhagidar bunn gayaa. haau key currier kii iss avadhi key dauran, firm ney vyaktigat aavaasiya commission khou diye, lekin vaanijyik kaam phir seey hassil curr liya. 1940 ney naee ingland telephone aur telegraph company, ack boston-adharit upayogita key saath firm key sambandhon kii shuruat koo chihnit kiya. nett aind tii ney providence telephone company koo khareed liya thaa, jisake liye clark aind howay ney ack pramukh karyalaya bhawan taiyar kiya thaa, aur abb way company key liye telephone exchange design karane key prabhaari they. inmein seey pahala, 1940 mein banaaya gayaa, faul river exchange thaa. 326 uttar mukhya sadak parr, yeh aspasht roop seey nava-georgia haye, lekin isamen adhuniktawadi prabhaav hain. isake baad, 1941 mein, company key dakshin providence/agewood exchange key liye ack pratisthaapan thaa. 1096 chaudi sadak parr, yeh nava-georgia shally mein ack saadaa lekin apratyaashit roop seey smaarkeeya imarat haye. imarat key kuchh hisson koo badal diyaa gayaa haye aur ise telephone company dwara khaali curr diyaa gayaa haye.
haau aind prout koo 1941 aur 1945 mein dou churchon kii rachana karane key liye jaanaa jaataa haye. inmein seey pahala sent haye. martin, newport mein aur pawatket mein galey lagaata haye. jaise clark aind house bahut pahale kaa sent. martin key providence mein, yeh ack vishisht angreji gaanv key church parr adharit thaa, joe americi church vastukala key liye ack samanya srot thaa. doosara nadee key kinare key mandali church kaa parrish house thaa. haau aind prout koo poore parisar koo design karane key liye niyukt kiya gayaa thaa, lekin jaba taka dhana jutaaya gayaa taba taka mool vastukar marr chuke they. joe banaaya gayaa thaa vaha ack sadharan nava-aupaniveshik imarat haye, joe paimaane mein gharelu haye. church kaa nirmaan 1967 mein kiya gayaa thaa aur ise purvi praant key michael trafficant dwara design kiya gayaa thaa.
haau aind prout ney dou sainya awas parisaron koo bhee design kiya. inmein seey pahala, 1942 mein quonset bindu parr, vahaan aadhar key badey vistaar kaa hissa thaa. hoskins park key roop mein jaanaa jaane vaalaa yeh nimn-dhalaan, nyuntam paaramparik, bahu-parivaar aavason kaa ack samooh thaa. 1994 mein adhik aadhunik awas key liye poori site koo dhwast curr diyaa gayaa thaa. iss kshetra koo abb wickford bindu key roop mein sandarbhit kiya jaataa haye. 1944 mein newport mein dusare kaa bhee aisaa hii bhaagya thaa. ise tonomoy pahaadi kahaa jaataa haye, yeh bahut badey paimaane parr banaaya gayaa thaa. yahaan, gharon koo ardhchandrakar sadakon key saath vyavasthit kiya gayaa thaa. nausena key rode dweep chhodane key baad, pados garibi aur aparaadh seey grast hoe gayaa. ise 2006 mein dhwast curr diyaa gayaa aur poori tarah seey punarvikasit kiya gayaa.
haau, prout aind ackman, 1946-1959.
1946 mein, edward oh. ekman phir seey firm mein shamil hoe gaye. way 1928 seey 1931 taka howay aind church key sadasya they, jaba unhone apana karyalaya sthaapit kiya. ackman ney apane kaam mein adhuniktawad koo shamil karna shuru kiya aur ise haau offices mein laaya. firm ney dheere-dheere adhuniktawad koo apanaaya, lekin 1955 key aspas sakriya abhyaas seey howay kii sevaanivritti key baad kissy bhee nava-paaramparik bhavanon koo design naheen kiya. iss samay, ackman aur prout key chhote bete, donald jey. prout, design kaa niyantran leey liya.
iss avadhi key dauran firm ney nyu ingland telephone key liye kaam karna jaari rakhaa. 1946 mein unhone tounton mein sukhad sadak parr ack banaaya. isake baad 1947 mein everut street parr ack vaaran mein huaa. yeh shayed karyalaya mein design kii jaane vaali pahali poori tarah seey adhuniktawadi imarat thee. 1948 mein unhone 65 ardhchandra sadak parr brokton mein ack bahut badee imarat kaa design banaaya. yeh ack poorna teen manjila haye, lekin providence building key saath bahut kuchh samaan haye. kaise, prout aur acman key roop mein unhein vittiya sansthanon seey kaee commission bhee praapt hue. 1950 mein providence national baink ney 35 viboset street parr apani 1929 kii imarat key liye ack anulagnak taiyar kiya thaa. 110 pariyojana key liye imarat key agrabhag koo chhodkar sabhi koo dhwast curr diyaa gayaa thaa. agale varsh unhone parasparik sthaan parr providence mutual fayer insurance company kaa mukhyalaya banaaya. yeh unake samanya aupaniveshik kaam key vipareet thaa, jisamen isamen kewal nyuntam matra mein aabhushan kaa upayog kiya jaataa thaa. 1951 mein bhee, unhone telephone bhawan key shahar mein ack badaa vistaar puuraa kiya, joe unake nae ingland telephone kaary kii parinati thee. unhone usa varsh barrington mein road dweep country club mein clubhouse bhee banaaya.
1944 mein vastukaron ney cranston mein phillips baptist church key liye ack nae church parisar kii yojana banaai thee, aur antatah 1947 mein nirmaan shuru huaa. 1950 mein unhone vaarvik mein kent county memorial aspatal key roop mein jaanaa jaane vaalaa design banaaya. ack poori tarah seey antarrashtriya shally kii imarat, ise apani yojana key liye puraskar praapt honge. 1953 mein unhone providence public library key atirikt nirmaan shuru kiya. ise mool roop seey 1919 mein clark aind howay dwara prastaavit kiya gayaa thaa, lekin dhana jutaane mein teen dashak seey adhik samay lagaa. naee imarat usa samay adhuniktawadi vastukala key sabse badey udaharanon mein seey ack thee. 1954 mein unhone kingsten mein rode dweep vishvavidyalaya mein smaarak sangh puuraa kiya. yeh bhee firm dwara adhuniktawad koo apanaane kaa sanket thaa. baad key varshon mein ise maanyata seey parey phir seey banaaya gayaa. 1956 mein unhone uttari praant mein road dweep mahavidyalaya key liye ack nae parisar kii rachana shuru kii. 1958 mein puuraa huaa, baad mein iska vistaar prout aur sahyogiyon dwara kiya jaayega. 1959 mein unhone dieton mein nae dieton-rehoboth kshetriya uchch vidyalaya kii rachana kii.
anya karyon mein shamil hainh
haau aind prout, 1960.
1959 mein ackman ney apana abhyaas phir seey sthaapit karane key liye chhod diyaa. agale varsh firm kaa naam vaapas haau aind prout hoe gayaa. haalaanki, earl prout kii usee varsh mrityu hoe gaee, aur unakaa betaa, donald prout, 29 varsh kii ayu mein, ekmatra sakriya bhagidar bunn gayaa.
dou gyaat haau aind prout pariyojanaaen donon antarrashtriya shally key aspatal bhawan hain. inmein seey pahala josiah bee key liye ack naee imarat thee. peabody, massachusets mein thomas aspatal. aspatal ney dhwast honey key baad seey apani purani, aupaniveshik punruddhar imarat koo peechhe chhod diyaa thaa. 1960 kii imarat koo vartamaan mein kindred aspatal key roop mein jaanaa jaataa haye. doosari pariyojana providence mein roser williams aspatal key liye ack atirikt thee. 1961 mein prakaashit, isane kaanch kii parde kii divaaron kaa asadharan upayog kiya.
jaba howay kii mrityu hoe gaee, tou karyalaya koo donald jey key roop mein phir seey sthaapit kiya gayaa. prout aur sahayogi.

