
yogachara

yogchar (, aayastah yogchar; shaabdik roop seey "yog abhyaas"; "jiska abhyaas yog haye") bauddh darshan aur manovigyaan kii ack prabhaavshaali parampara haye joe dhyaan aur yog prathaon key aantarik lens key madhyam seey sangyaan, dhaarana aur chetna key adhyayan parr jore detee haye. yogchar bhaarat mein mahayan bauddh dharm kii dou sabse prabhaavshaali paramparaon mein seey ack thee, doosari maadhyamik thee.
yogchar koo vibhinn roop seey "vigyaanvaad" (chetna kaa siddhant), "gyaanaaptivaad" (vichaaron yaa dhaaranaon kaa siddhant) yaa "gyanaptimatrata-vaad" ('maatr pratinidhitva' kaa siddhant) bhee kahaa jaataa haye, joe isake pramukh gyanatmak siddhant koo diyaa gayaa naam bhee haye. iss mukhya siddhant kii kaee vyaakhyaaen hainh aadarshvaad key vibhinn roop, saath hii saath ghatana vigyaan yaa pratinidhitvavaad, jiska uddeshya hamari dhaaranaon key punarkalpan kaa punarnirmaan karna haye.
danne lusthoss key anusaar, iss parampara ney ack vistrit manovaigyaanik chikitsiya pranali vikasit kii joe unhein thheek karane key liye pratikritiyon key saath sangyaan mein samasyaon koo mapp karati haye, aur ack gambhir gyaanshaastriya prayaas jisane bauddhon yaa bhaartiyon dwara abb taka kii dhaarana aur tark parr kuchh sabse parishkrit kaam kiya haye." 
jabaki yogchar mukhya roop seey chauthi shatabdi esvi key baad seey bhaaratiya mahayan bauddh dharm seey judaa huaa thaa, isamen sautrantika school key gair-mahayan abhyaasak bhee shamil they. chauthi shatabdi key gandhar bhaaiyon, assang aur vasubandhu koo maitreya key saath iss school key classic daarshanik aur pranaliwadi maanaa jaataa haye. yogchar tibbati bauddh dharm aur purvi asiai bauddh dharm mein prabhaavshaali banaa huaa haye. haalaanki, ack ekal griheet "yogachar school" kii ekroopata parr sawal uthaaya gayaa haye.
siddhant.
yogchar darshan mukhya roop seey yog aur dhyaan key abhyaas mein sahaayata karane key liye haye aur iss prakaar yeh mansik prashikshan key mahayan maarg kaa ack vyavasthit vishleshan bhee nirdhaarit kartaa haye (paanch maarg "panchmarg" dekhein). yogchaariyon ney aadhyatmik abhyaas key liye ack naee yojana vikasit karane key liye pichhali paramparaon jaise prajanparamita aur sarvastiwada abhidharm parampara key vichaaron kaa upayog kiya.
thomas kochumattam key anusaar, yogchar kaa arth "ontology kii pranali key bajaay anubhav kii vyakhya honah haye. iss kaaran seey, yogchaariyon ney mahayan dhaanche key bheetar ack abhidharm saahitya vikasit kiya. apane vishleshan mein, yogchar "sandhinirmokan sootra" kii tarah kaam kartaa haye, jisamen vibhinn mool avadhaaranaon koo vikasit kiya gayaa jaise "vijanaapti-sootra", "aalaa-vigyaan" (bhandar chetna), aadhar kaa modd ("aashray-parvati"), teen prakriti ("trishvabhaav"), aur khalipan. way ack jatil pranali banaate hain, aur pratyek koo yogchar koo samajhane key liye prasthaan key bindu key roop mein liya jaa sakata haye.
vijanaapti-maataa" kaa siddhant.
yogchar darshan kii mukhya visheshtaon mein seey ack "vijanaapti-maataa" kii avadharana haye. aadhunik aur pracheen yogkara sroton mein iska upayog aksar "chitt-maataa" shabd key saath kiya jaataa haye. donon shabdon kaa maanak anuvaad "kewal chetna" yaa "kewal munn" haye."kaee aadhunik shodhkarta iss anuvaad aur" "poorna aadarshvaad" "yaa" "aadarshvaadi advaitvaad" "key saath label parr apatti jataate hain. kochumattam key anusaar, "vijanaapti-maataa" key liye ack behtar anuvaad "kewal pratinidhitva" haye." 
utpatti.
lambert smithousen key anusaar, iss shabd kii sabse purani jeevit upasthiti "sandhinirmokana sootra" key adhyaay 8 mein haye, joe kewal tibbati aur cheeni anuvaadon mein bachee haye joe vakyavinyas aur arth mein bhinn hain. iss parichhed koo buddh dwara ack prashn key uttar key roop mein darshaaya gayaa haye joe poochata haye kii kyaa chhaviyaan yaa pratikritiyaan (* pratibimba) joe dhyaan ekagrata (* "samaadhi") kii vastu (* gokara) hain, chintansheel munn ("* chitt") seey alag/alag ("* bhinna") hain yaa naheen."buddh kahate hain kii way alag naheen hain", kyonki yeye chhaviyaan "vijanaapti-maataa" hain."paath yeh pushti kartaa haye kii samanya dhaarana kii vastuon key liye bhee yahee sach haye.
maujooda sanskrit sroton key sambandh mein, yeh shabd vasubandhu key "vimashatika" key pahale schlock mein dikhaai detaa haye, joe vichaar kaa ack "locus classicus" haye, yeh kahata haih
yeh [duniya] "vijanaptimatra" haye, kyonki yeh khud koo ack avaastavik vastu ("arth") key roop mein prakat kartaa haye, jaise kii motiyabind vaale loga chandrama mein avaastavik baal dekhate hain aur jaise ("vijanaptimatram avyait asad arthabhasanat atha taimirikasat kesha kaindradi darshanam").
maark ciderites key anusaar, yahaan vasubandhu kaa matlab yeh haye kii humm kewal mansik chhaviyon yaa chhaapon key baare mein jaanate hain joe khud koo baahari vastuon key roop mein prakat karate hain, lekin "vaastav mein munn key baahar aisee koee cheej naheen haye."
yeh shabd asang key utkrisht kaary, "mahayanasangrah" (koee sanskrit mool, trance naheen) mein bhee dikhaai detaa haye. tibbati seey):"
yeye abhyavedan ("vijanaapti") kewal abhyavedan ("vijanaapti-maataa") hain, kyonki koee [sambandhit] vastu/vastu ("arth") naheen haye...jaise ack sapane mein dikhaai detaa haye, binaa kissy cheez/vastu ("arth") key bhee, kewal munn mein, sabhi prakaar kii cheejon/vastuon jaise drishya, dhwani, gandh, swaad, moort, ghar, jangal, bhoomi aur pahaadon key roop/chitra, aur phir bhee usa [sthaan] mein koee [aisee] cheejen/vastuein naheen hain. "aim. aiss. jee. II.6"
iss shabd kaa upayog kabhi-kabhi "chitt-maataa" (kewal "chitt") key paryaay key roop mein kiya jaataa haye, jiska upayog aadarshvaad kaa sujhaav dene vaale school key naam key roop mein bhee kiya jaataa haye. smithousen likhate hain kii iss shabd kaa pahala roop "pratiapanna samaadhi sootra" mein haye, joe kahata haih
yeh (yaah joe kuchh bhee isase sambandhit haye) triple worled (* "tridhatuka") kuchh bhee naheen balki munn (yaa vichaarah * "cittamatra") haye. kyon? kyonki main cheejon kii kalpana kartaa huun, way iss tarah seey dikhaai dete hain.
vijanaapti-maataa" kii vyaakhyaaen.
aadarshvaad.
broose cameron holl key anusaar, iss siddhant kii vyakhya vyaktiparak yaa poorna aadarshvaad key roop mein "vigyaanvaad" kii vyakhya key baahar "sabse aam" rahee haye, naa kewal aadhunik lekhakon dwara, balki isake pracheen virodhiyon, hindu aur bauddh donon dwara."
german vidwan aur bhashashastri lambert smithousen iss baat kii pushti karate hain kii yogkara srot ack prakaar kaa aadarshvaad sikhaate hain joe yathaarthvaadi abhidharm sthitiyon aur jise aksar shoonyavaadi sthiti maanaa jaataa haye, key beach ack madhyam maarg maanaa jaataa haye joe kewal khalipan koo antim key roop mein pusht kartaa haye.
jaya garfield, saam trivedi aur seane butler jaise vidvaanon kaa tark haye kii yogchar aadarshvaad key samaan haye (aur way isaki tulanaa kaant aur berkley key aadarshvaad seey karate hain), halanki way dhyaan dete hain kii yeh apana anootha roop haye aur ise iss tarah seey vargeekrit karna bhramit karane vaalaa hoe sakata haye. paul williams ney griffith kaa hawala dete hue likhaa haye kii yogkara koo "gatishil aadarshvaad" kahaa jaa sakata haye. 
jonathan gold likhate hain kii yogchar vichaarak vasubandhu koo ack aadarshvaadi (kaant key samaan) kahaa jaa sakata haye, iss arth mein kii unake liye, anubhav mein sub kuchh aur saath hii saath iska kaaran samarthan mansik haye, aur iss prakaar vaha mansik koo kaaran prathamikta detaa haye. lekin usee samay, yeh kewal paaramparik kshetra mein haye, kyonki "munn" sirf ack aur avadharana haye aur vasubandhu key liye sachchi vaastaviktaa avarnaniya haye, "ack akalpaniya 'iss tarah' (" tathaata ")."vaastav mein," "vimashatika" "mein kahaa gayaa haye kii" "vijanaapti-maataa" "key vichaar koo" "swayam koo ack nihswaarth nirmaan key roop mein bhee samajha jaanaa chaahiye aur iss prakaar" "vijanaapti-maataa" "yogchar mein antim satya (" "parmarth-satya" ") naheen haye. iss prakaar soney key anusaar, jabaki vasubandhu key "vijanaapti-shaastra" koo ack "paaramparik aadarshvaad" kahaa jaa sakata haye, ise paschimi roopon, vishesh roop seey hegelian nirpeksh aadarshvaad seey advitiya aur alag key roop mein dekhaa jaanaa chaahiye.
kewal pratinidhitva.
anya vidvaanon kaa kahana haye kii "vijanaapti-maataa" aur "chitt-maataa" dou shabdon koo jodana ack galati haye. jabaki "vijanaapti-maatri" aur "chitt-maatri" donon key liye maanak anuvaad aksar "kewal chetna" aur "kewal munn" (ack aadarshvaadi siddhant koo darshaate hue) hotey hain, iss sanyojan key saath-saath aadarshvaadi vyakhya key liye aapattiyan uthaai jaati hain. vijanaapti-maataa" key liye vibhinn vaikalpik anuvaad prastaavit kiye gaye hain, jaise "kewal pratinidhitva-kewal, kewal vichaar-kewal, kewal prabhaav-kewal" aur "kewal dhaarana".
david kalupahan kaa tark haye kii "chitt-maataa" munn key ack aadhyatmik punarkalpan koo ack nirpeksh mein darshaata haye, jabaki "vijanaapti-maataa" ack nishchit gyanmimansa drishtikon koo sandarbhit kartaa haye. kalupahan key anusaar, "lankavtar sootra" (jise vaha ack nirankush aadarshvaad kii shuruat key roop mein dekhate hain) mein upayog kiye jaane vaale "adhik aadhyatmik" shabd "chitt-sootra" koo "vijanaapti-patra" shabd ney badal diyaa. kalupahan ney tark diyaa kii "lankaa" "chitt-matar (kewal vichaar)" shabd kaa upayog kartaa haye, jisase yeh ack poorna vaastaviktaa key saath ack "ontology" vikasit kartaa haye, joe shabd vijanaapti-matar (joe vichaar kaa mool arth thaa) key "gyanmimansa" key vipareet haye. 
thomas kochumattam key anusaar, yogchar ack "yathaarthvaadi bahulvaad" haye joe vyaktigat praniyon key astitva seey incar naheen kartaa haye. kochumuttom kaa tark haye kii yogchar iss baat seey incar kartaa haye kii poorna vaastaviktaa chetna haye, kii vyaktigat prani ack poorna chetna key parivartan hain aur way ack ekal advaitvaadi vaastaviktaa key bhraamak roop hain. iss prakaar, kochumattam key liye, "vijanaapti-maataa" kaa arth haye "kewal chetna kaa pratinidhitva" aur haih
isake alawa, kochumattam key anusaar, "nirpeksh avastha koo kewal khalipan key roop mein paribhaashit kiya gayaa haye, arthaat vishay-vastu bhed kii khalipan. ack baar iss prakaar khalipan ("suryata") key roop mein paribhaashit honey key baad, ise kaee paryaayavaachi shabd praapt hotey hain, jinamen seey koee bhee aadarshvaad koo dhokha naheen detaa haye."
alex wayman ney nott kiya kii yogchar kii vyakhya iss baat parr nirbhar karegi kii iss sandarbh mein yogyata praapt "maatri" koo kaise samajha jaanaa haye, aur vaha una vyakhyaon parr apatti jataata haye joe yeh daavaa karati hain kii yogchar baahari duniya koo poori tarah seey khariz curr detaa haye, jaise kii "munn kii raashi" yaa "chitt-maatri" key liye "munn koo pratibimbit karna" jaise anuvaadon koo prathamikta detaa haye. margadarshi key liye, iss siddhant kaa kyaa arth haye kii "munn key paas kewal ack report yaa pratinidhitva haye joe indriya ney mahsoos kiya thaa."pratinidhitvavaadi vyakhya bhee stephen enakar dwara samarthit haye.
samroopiya ghatana vigyaan.
danne lusthos key anusaar, "vijanaapti-maatri" siddhant kuchh mayanon mein paschimi ghatnaatmak siddhanton aur gyaanshaastriya aadarshvaad yaa divya aadarshvaad key karib haye, lekin yeh ack ontological aadarshvaad naheen haye kyonki yogchar aadhyatmik yaa ontological siddhanton key nirmaan koo aswikar kartaa haye. isake alawa, paschimi aadarshvaad mein karm, sansar yaa jaagriti key liye kissy bhee samkaksh kaa abhaav haye, joe yogachar key liye kendriya hain. vijanaapti-maataa" key sambandh mein, lusthoss iska anuvaad "kuchh bhee naheen balki sachet nirmaan" key roop mein kartaa haye aur kahata haye kii yeh haih
lusthoss aage bataate hain kii sangyanon kaa yeh punarkalpan ack thhos aatm kii dhaarana key nirmaan mein sahaayata kartaa haye, joe baahari 'cheejon' koo upayukt banaa sakata haye. yogkara taba iss punarkalpan koo nakaarne key liye vishleshan aur dhyaan kaa saadhan pradaan kartaa haye, jisase ack thhos aatm kii dhaarana koo bhee nakaar diyaa jaataa haih
isaliye, jaba yogchar sangyanatmak vastuon ("vyaas") parr charcha karate hain, tou way sangyaan aur isake nirmaan kaa vishleshan curr rahey hotey hain. jabaki yogachar kaa maanana haye kii sangyanatmak vastuen vaastavik hain, yeh "arth" (iradapurvak kii vastuen yaa "ack telos jisake prati chetna kaa ack kaary irada rakhta haye") seey incar kartaa haye joe "sangyanatmak kaary key baahar hain jisamen yeh vaha haye joe irada haye."tou lusthoss key anusaar," yogakarin yeh daavaa naheen karate hain kii munn key baahar kuchh bhee maujood naheen haye "aur" chetna koo koee divya sthiti praapt naheen haye, naa hii yeh ack aadhyatmik neenv key roop mein kaary kartaa haye. chetna apani tathyata key aadhar parr vaastavik haye-- yeh tathya kii samvedansheel prani sangyaan kaa anubhav karate hain-- aur ack ontological pradhaantaa key kaaran naheen."iss tarah seey, ack ontological siddhant kii peshkash karane key bajaay, yogchar antarnihit pravrittiyon (" "anushaya" ") koo samajhane aur samaapt karane parr kendrit haye joe ontological nirmaanon seey chipke rahate hain, joe kewal sangyanatmak anuman hain (" "pratimba", "parikalpita" ").
vijanaapti-maataa" key bachaav mein tark.
yogchar daarshanik una apattiyon seey avagat they jinhen unake siddhant key khilaf laaya jaa sakata thaa. vasubandhu key "vimashatika" mein teen kaa ullekh haye aur unakaa khandan kiya gayaa haih
maark ciderts key anusaar, inn apattiyon kaa niptara karane key baad, vasubandhu kaa maanana haye kii unhone dikhaaya haye kii "vijanaapti-maataa" anubhav kii praasangik ghatnaaon koo samajhaane aur bhavishyavani karane mein utanaa hii achchha haye jitna kii yathaarthvaad key kissy bhee siddhant mein joe baahari vastuon koo prastut kartaa haye. isaliye, vaha taba bhaaratiya daarshanik siddhant koo lagu kartaa haye jise "prakaash kaa siddhant" kahaa jaataa haye (joe kii ocam key razer key samaan haye) yathaarthvaad koo khariz karane key liye kyonki "vijanaapti-tatva" saral aur "halka" siddhant haye, yaani vaha siddhant joe gair-maanya sansthaon kii sabse cumm sankhya koo prastut kartaa haye."
ack aur apatti jiska vasubandhu jawab dete hain, vaha yeh haye kii ack vyakti dusare key anubhavon koo kaise prabhaavit curr sakata haye, aggar sub kuchh ack key munn kii dhaara mein mansik karm key beej seey utpann hotaa haye. vasubandhu kaa tark haye kii "ack anya upayukt roop seey judee hui mansik dhaara mein ack alag chhaap kii ghatana seey bhee ack mansik dhaara mein prabhaav hoe sakate hain."jaisa kii ciderit nott kartaa haye, yeh vivaran samajha sakata haye kii kaise dusare munn koo prabhaavit karna yaa poori tarah seey baadhit karna (hatyaa) sambhav haye, bhale hii koee bhautik madhyam yaa vastu astitva mein naa hoe, kyonki ack munn kii dhaara mein ack upayukt roop seey majboot iraade kaa prabhaav hoe sakata haye. vijanaapti-maatri" sthiti seey, munn koo shareer key kaaran key liye samajhaane kii tulanaa mein munn seey munn key kaaran koo sthaapit karna aasaan haye, joe yathaarthvaadi koo karna chaahiye. haalaanki, sider taba sawal karate hain kii kyaa vasubandhu kii sthiti vaastav mein "halki" haye kyonki unhein jaanboojhkar banaai gaee kalaakriti koo dhyaan mein rakhane key liye vibhinn dimagon key beach kaee baatchit kaa upayog karna chaahiye, jaise kii ack bartan. choonki humm ack bartan key baare mein taba bhee jagrook hoe sakate hain jaba humm kumhar key iradon seey "judey" naheen hotey hain (kumhar key marane key baad bhee), mansik baatchit kii ack adhik jatil shrinkhala koo prastut kiya jaanaa chaahiye.
baahari vastuon kii sambhavana koo nakaarte hue, vasubandhu kaa "vimashatika" bhee parmanuvad key bhaaratiya siddhanton aur sampatti key vishishtataon parr kewal asangat aadhar parr hamla kartaa haye. vasubandhu yeh bhee bataate hain kii vaastav mein maujood baahari vastuon key vichaar seey chhutkara paanaa soteriological roop seey mahatvapurna kyon haye. ciderites key anusaar, aisaa isaliye haye kyonki jaba humm galat tareeke seey kalpana karate hain kii baahari vastuein hain tou humm 'grassed aind grasper' key dwait key sandarbh mein sochane key liye prerit hotey hain, 'out deyar' kyaa haye aur 'inn deyar' kyaa haye-sankshep mein, baahari duniya aur swayam key baare mein. yeh dekhane key liye aanaa kii koee baahari duniya naheen haye, vasubandhu sochata haye kii 'aaee' mein vishvaas karane key ack bahut hii sookshm tareeke parr kaaboo paane kaa ack saadhan haye... ack baar jaba humm yeh dekh lete hain kii bhautik vastuon kaa astitva kyon naheen hoe sakata haye tou humm yeh sochane key sabhi pralobhan khou denge kii bheetar ack sachcha 'main' haye. vaastav mein kewal prabhaav hain, lekin humm inn parr vastu aur vishay key jhoothe nirmaan koo adhiropit karate hain. yeh dekhkar humm 'aaee' kii jhoothi avadharana seey mukt hoe jaayenge.ciderits nott karate hain kii kaise kaant kii ack samaan dhaarana thee, yaani, ack vastunishth munn swatantra duniya key vichaar key binaa, koee vyakti vyaktiparak "i" kii avadharana praapt naheen curr sakata haye. lekin kaant ney vasubandhu key vipareet nishkarsh nikala, kyonki unakaa maanana thaa kii hamein ack sthaayi vishay mein vishvaas karna chaahiye, aur iss prakaar, baahari vastuon mein bhee vishvaas karna chaahiye.
chetna kaa vishleshan.
yogachar munn key karyon aur jiss tarah seey yeh vaastaviktaa kaa nirmaan kartaa haye, jiska humm anubhav karate hain, usaki vistrit vyakhya detaa haye.
aathh chetanaaen.
lusthoss key anusaar, "yogchar school kaa sabse prasiddh navachar aathh chetanaon kaa siddhant thaa."yeye" "chetna key aathh nikaay" "(" "asht vigyankaya" ") hainh paanch indriya-chetanaaen," "chitt" "(mansikta)," "maanas" "(aatm-chetna), aur bhandar yaa adhisthagan chetna (skatah" "alyavijana" "). chetna key paaramparik bauddh vivaranon ney kewal pahale chhah "vigyaan" sikhaae, jinamen seey pratyek ack indriya aadhar ("ayatana") key anuroop thaa aur unaki apani indriya vastuein theen. maanak bauddh siddhant kaa maanana thaa kii yeye athaarah "dhaatu" yaa anubhav key ghatak, "brahmand mein harr cheej kii poori seema koo samaapt karate hain, yaa adhik sateek roop seey, samvedi."yeye chhah chetanaaen bhee paryaapt astitva naheen hain, balki ghatnaaon kii ack shrinkhala hain, joe utpann hoti hain aur gayab hoe jaati hain, joe praarambh seey (" anadi ") samay seey peechhe kii or faili hui hain.
bauddh abhidharm ney iss buniyaadi model kaa vistaar kiya aur ise vikasit kiya aur yogchar ney inhen apani yojana mein punarvyavasthit karke pratikriya dee, jisamen chetna key teen nae roop they. chhathi chetna, "mano-vigyaan" koo paanch indriyon kii samagri key saath-saath vichaaron aur vichaaron jaisi mansik samagri key sarvekshankarta key roop mein dekhaa gayaa thaa. saatvin chetna "maanas" kii praarambhik bauddh avadharana seey vikasit hui, aur ise ashuddh bodh ("clist-maanas") key roop mein dekhaa gayaa joe "aatm" kii dhaaranaon key prati jununi haye. paul williams key anusaar, yeh chetna "substratum chetna koo apani vastu key roop mein letee haye aur galati seey substratum chetna koo ack sachcha aatm maanati haye."
"aalaaya-vigyaan".
aathvin chetna, "aalaya-vigyaan" (bhandar yaa bhandar chetna) koo sabhi karm beejon key bhandar key roop mein paribhaashit kiya gayaa thaa, jahaan way dheere-dheere paripakva honey taka paripakva hotey they, jiss bindu parr way karm parinamon key roop mein prakat hotey they. iss vajah seey, ise "munn jisamen sabhi beej hain" ("sarvabeejakam citham"), saath hii "buniyaadi chetna" ("mool-vigyaan") aur "upayukt chetna" ("ādānavijāna") bhee kahaa jaataa haye. sandhinirmokan sootra" key anusaar, iss tarah kii chetna "antarnihit" aur "chhah prakaar kii prakat jagrukta kaa samarthan" karati haye, joe sabhi "aalaaya" key saath ack saath hoti hain."villium aiss. valdron iss "sangyanatmak jagrukta key sabhi tarikon kii samvartita" koo "vijana" key paaramparik bauddh model seey yogchar siddhant key sabse mahatvapurna prasthaan key roop mein dekhta haye, joe "kewal apane sambandhit indriya aadharon aur mahakavya vastuon key sanyojan mein honey key baare mein socha jaataa thaa."
jaisa kii smithousen ney ullekh kiya haye, "aalaya-vigyaan", ack prakaar kaa vigyaan honey key naate, ack vastu bhee haye (jaisa kii sabhi vigyaan mein mansha haye). vaha vastu samvedansheel prani kii aspas kii duniya haye, arthaat, "grahan karane yogya" yaa "paatr" ("bhajan") duniya. yeh "sandhinirmokan sootra" key 8vein adhyaay mein kahaa gayaa haye, jisamen kahaa gayaa haye kii "nadanvijan" kii visheshta "ack achetan (yaa poori tarah seey sachet naheen?) grahan kii sthir dhaarana (yaa "pratinidhitva") ("* asavidita-sthaan-bhajan-vijnapti")."
aalaaya-vigyaan" vaha bhee haye joe bhavishya key jeevan mein punarjanm kaa anubhav kartaa haye aur bhroon kii samagri koo upayukt banaane key liye garbh mein kyaa utarata haye. isaliye, "aalaaya-vigyaan" shareer kii indriya kshamataon koo pakadate hue aur "prachur kalpana" ("prapanka") dou viniyog hain joe "kindling" yaa "eendhan" (shaabdik roop seey) banaate hain. "upadaan") kii samsari astitva iss parr nirbhar kartaa haye. iss prakaar yogchar vichaar yeh maanata haye kii "aalaaya-vigyaan" mein chala rahee prakriyaon seey anjaan honah agyaantaa ("avya") kaa ack mahatvapurna tatva haye. aalaaya" bhee vyaktigat haye, isaliye pratyek vyakti kaa apana "aalaaya-vigyaan" haye, joe ack nirantar badalati hui prakriya haye aur isaliye ack sthaayi swa naheen haye. 
williams key anusaar, iss chetna koo "chetna key ack ashuddh roop (yaa shayed upa-yaa achetanta) key roop mein dekhaa jaataa haye, vyaktigat, vyaktigat, lagaatar badalata rahata haye aur phir bhee vyaktigat pehchaan kii ack degree dene mein madad kartaa haye aur yeh samajhaane key liye kii yeh kyon haye kii kuchh karm parinam iss vishesh vyakti seey sambandhit hain. beej kshanik hotey hain, lekin way ack sugandhit shrinkhala koo janm dete hain joe antatah ack vishesh prakaar key beejon seey, poore 'antar-vishay' abhootpoorv duniya sahit parinam mein samaapt hoti haye."saath hii, asang aur vasubandhu likhate hain kii" "aalaaya-vigyaan" "jaagriti key samay bund hoe jaataa haye, ack shuddh chetna mein parivartit hoe jaataa haye.
valdron key anusaar, jabaki anya bauddh abhidharm vidyaalayon mein vibhinn samaan avadhaaranaaen theen joe karm nirantarta kii vyakhya karane kii maang karati theen, "aalaaya-vigyaan" sabse vyaapak aur vyavasthit haye. valdron ney nott kiya kii "aalaya-vigyaan" avadharana shayed inn siddhanton seey prabhaavit thee, vishesh roop seey beej key sautrantika siddhant aur vasmitra key munn key sookshm roop key siddhant "(sukm-chitt).
chetna kaa parivartan.
kalupahan key liye, chetna kii aathvin aur saatvin shreni key roop mein "alavision" aur "maanas" kaa yeh vargeekaran baad key anuyaayiyon dwara vasubandhu key "trishankika-karika" kii galatfahmi parr adharit haye.
vidwan roser aar key anusaar. jackson, ack 'maulik asanrachit jagrukta' ('moola-nirvaakalp-gyaan') kaa varnan kiya gayaa haye...] yogkara saahitya mein aksar.", kalupahan key anusaar, atirikt chetna koo sthaapit karane key bajaay," trishankika-karika "iss chetna key" parivartanon "kaa varnan kartaa haih
kalupahan key anusaar yeye parivartan teen gunaa hain. pahala haye "aalaya" aur usake beej, joe chetna kaa pravaah yaa dhaara haye, isake oopar kissy bhee samanya anuman key binaa. doosara parivartan "manana", aatm-chetna yaa "aatm-drishtikon, aatm-bhram, aatm-sammaan aur aatm-prem" haye. yeh chetna kii dhaara mein honey vaali vibhinn dhaaranaon key baare mein "soch" haye. aalaaya" iss swarth seey ashuddh haye. teesara parivartan "visaaya-vijnapti" haye, joe vastu kii "avadharana" haye. iss parivartan mein vastuon kii "avadharana" banaai jaati haye. inn avadhaaranaon koo banaane seey manushya "vastu key baad samajhane key liye atisamvedansheel" hoe jaate hain jaise kii yeh ack vaastavik vastu ("dukhad arth") thee, bhale hii yeh sirf ack avadharana ("vijanaapti") hoe.
ack samaan pariprekshya joe praarambhik bauddh dharm key saath yogchar kii nirantarta parr jore detaa haye, valpola rahul dwara diyaa gayaa haye. rahul key anusaar, chetna key iss siddhant key sabhi tatva "vigyaan" kii teen paraton key saath pahale seey hii paali siddhant mein paae jaate hainh
teen prakriti aur khalipan.
yogachar kaary aksar anubhav key teen buniyaadi tarikon yaa "prakriti" ("swaabhaav") koo paribhaashit karate hain. jonathan gold bataate hain kii "teenon prakriti ack vaastaviktaa haye jise teen alag-alag konon seey dekhaa jaataa haye. way usee pratyaksh astitva kii upasthiti, prakriya aur khalipan hain."paul williams key anusaar," sabhi cheejen joe gyaat kii jaa sakati hain, inn teen prakriti key tahat samaahit kii jaa sakati hain."choonki yeh yojana yogchar kii bauddh siddhant key khalipan (" "shoonyata" ") kii vyavasthit vyakhya haye, isaliye teenon prakriti mein seey pratyek koo apani prakriti (" "nihsvabhavata" ") kii kamee key roop mein bhee samajhaaya gayaa haye."vasubandhu key" "trishvabhaav-nirdesh" "mein inn teen prakriti kii ack sankshipt paribhasha dee gaee haih" joe dikhaai detaa haye vaha nirbhar haye.  yeh kaise dikhaai detaa haye, yeh mangadhant haye. paristhitiyon parr nirbhar honey key kaaran. kewal mangadhant honey key kaaran. jaisa kii yeh dikhaai detaa haye, upasthiti kaa shashwat gair-astitvah yeh hamesha ack hii honey key kaaran, paripurna prakriti key roop mein jaanaa jaataa haye. vahaan kyaa dikhaai detaa haye? avaastavik banaavat. yeh kaise dikhaai detaa haye? ack dohare swa key roop mein. iska astitva kyaa naheen haye? jisake dwara gair-dwait vaastaviktaa haye."vistaar seey, teen prakriti (" "trishvabhaav" ") hainh
yogchar mein khalipan kaa kendriya arth dou gunaa "dwait kii anupasthiti" haye."iska pahala tatva kissy bhee" "vaichaarik dwaitata" "kii avaastaviktaa haye jaise kii" "bhautik" "aur" "gair-bhautik", "" "swayam" "aur" "anya" ". kissy cheez koo avdhaaranaatmak roop seey paribhaashit karna duniya koo vibhajit karna haye kii vaha kyaa haye aur kyaa naheen haye, lekin duniya ack kaaran pravaah haye joe vaichaarik sanrachanaon key saath mell naheen khaati haye. iska doosara tatva samvedi aur isaki vastuon key beach ack "avdhaaranaatmak dwandwa" haye, joe "baahari" aur "aantarik" key beach haye, vishay ("grahaak", shaabdik roop seey "grasser") aur vastu ("grahya", "grassed") key beach haye. yeh bhee ack avaastavik adhiropan haye, kyonki vaastav mein aantarik aur baahari kaa aisaa koee algaav naheen haye, balki mansikta kii ack paraspar judee hui kaaran dhaara haye joe galat tareeke seey vibhajit haye.
yogchar kii khalipan kii avadharana aur madhyamaka kii avadharana key beach ack mahatvapurna antar yeh haye kii shaastriya yogchar mein, khalipan "maujood haye" aur chetna bhee maujood haye, jabaki madhyamaka aise astitvavadi bayanon kaa samarthan karane seey incar kartaa haye. udaaharan key liye "madhyantvibhag" mein kahaa gayaa haye kii "avaastavik kii kalpana maujood haye (" aboot-parikalpa "), koee dwandwa naheen haye, lekin khalipan haye, yahaan taka kii isamen vaha haye", joe ingit kartaa haye kii bhale hii dwaitvaadi kalpana avaastavik aur khaali haye, lekin yeh maujood haye. virodhabhas, jisaki aalochana vasubandhu aur asang dwara shoonyavaadi honey key liye kii gaee thee (dekhein "vimashatika" v. 10 ")," yogchar sthiti yeh haye kii kuchh aisaa haye joe maujood haye ("partantra-swaabhaav" joe kewal "vijanaapti" haye), aur yeh kii yeh khaali haye. bodhisatvabhoomi" isi tarah tark detaa haye kii khalipan kii baat karna kewal tabhi taarkik haye jaba "kuchh" (i.ee. "dharmata") joe khaali haye. iss prakaar asang khalipan koo "swayam key astitva key abhaav aur swayam key astitva key roop mein bataata haye."
yogachar school ney "agamon" key "khalipan parr cumm pravachan" koo bhee vishesh mahatva diyaa. ise aksar baad key yogchar granthon mein khalipan kii sahee paribhasha key roop mein uddhrit kiya jaataa haye.
karm.
karm (kriya) key bauddh siddhant kii vyakhya yogchar key liye kendriya haye, aur school ney mahatvapurna prashnon koo samajhaane kii maang kii jaise kii usa kriya key lambe samay baad naitik karyon kaa vyaktiyon parr prabhaav kaise parh sakata haye, yaani, karmik karyakaran kaise laukik doori parr kaam kartaa haye. pichhale abhidharm bauddh vidyaalayon jaise kii sautrantika ney munn kii dhaara mein "beej" ("beej") kii dhaarana key aadhar parr karm key siddhant vikasit kiye they, joe andekhi karm aadaten (achchi aur buri) hain joe taba taka bunny rahati hain jaba taka kii way prakat honey key liye aavashyak sharton koo puuraa naheen karati hain. yogachar iss siddhant koo apanaate hain aur uska vistaar karate hain. yogchar ney taba "bhandar chetna" (sanskritah "alavision") koo beej key paatr key roop mein sthaapit kiya, jise mool yaa aathvin chetna key roop mein bhee jaanaa jaataa haye. yeh ack saath karm vilambataon key liye ack bhandaran sthaan key roop mein aur purvadhaaranaaon key ack upajaau matricks key roop mein kaary kartaa haye joe karm koo phal kii sthiti mein laataa haye. yogchar pranali mein, binaa kissy apavaad key sabhi anubhav karm yaa mansik iraade ("setana") kaa parinam kahalaate hain, joe yaa tou apane swayam key udaatt beej seey yaa anya dimag seey utpann hotey hain.
yogchar key liye, baahari yaa dwaitvaadi duniya kewal karm kaa ack "upa-utpaad" ("adhipati-phal") haye. vaasaa" ("perfuming") shabd kaa upayog karm kii vyakhya karate samay bhee kiya jaataa haye, aur yogchaariyon koo iss mudde parr vibhajit kiya gayaa thaa kii kyaa vaasaa aur beej anivarya roop seey samaan they, kyaa beej perfuming kaa prabhaav they, yaa kyaa perfuming ney kewal beejon koo prabhaavit kiya thaa. beejon kaa prakaar, matra, gunavatta aur shakti yeh nirdhaarit karati haye kii ack samvedansheel vyakti kaa punarjanm kahaan aur kaise hogaah kissy kii jaati, ling, samajik sthiti, pravritti, shaaririk roop aur isi tarah. karm key parinamswarup munn kii sthiti koo "sanskar" kahaa jaataa haye.
vasubandhu kaa "kriya parr granth" ("karmsiddhiprakarna"), yogchar key drishtikon seey karm key vishay koo vistaar seey prastut kartaa haye.
dhyaan aur jaagriti.
jaisa kii vidyalaya key naam seey pataa chalata haye, dhyaan abhyaas yogchar parampara key liye kendriya haye. abhyaas niyamavali mein shareer, bhaavanaon, vichaaron aur swayam aur dusaron mein dharmon key dhyaan kaa abhyaas nirdhaarit kiya gayaa haye, jisamen seey swayam aur anya kii gair-dwaitata kii ack krantikari aur maulik roop seey parivartankari samajh utpann hoti haye. iss prakriya koo "aashray-prakriti" key roop mein sandarbhit kiya jaataa haye, "sangyanatmak aadhar koo ulatana", yaa "aadhar kii kranti", joe "vaichaarik anumaanon aur kalpanaon koo ulatana" koo sandarbhit kartaa haye joe hamaare sangyanatmak karyon key aadhar key roop mein kaary karate hain."iss ghatana koo sangyaan key mool mode key" "gyaan" "(gyaan, pratyaksh gyaan) mein parivartan key roop mein dekhaa jaataa haye, jise ack gair-dwait gyaan key roop mein dekhaa jaataa haye joe gair-avdhaaranaatmak (" "nirvaakalp" ") haye.ee., vyakhyatmak aachchaadan seey rahit. jaba aisaa hotaa haye, tou aathh chetanaaen samaapt hoe jaati hain aur pratyaksh gyaan dwara pratisthaapit hoe jaati hain. lusthoss key anusaarah aadhar koo palatane seey paanch indriya chetanaaen tatkaal sangyaan mein badal jaati hain joe puuraa karati hain kii kyaa karane kii aavashyakta haye ("krityanu-gyaan"). chhathi chetna tatkaal sangyanatmak nipunata ("pratyavekshan-gyaan") bunn jaati haye, jisamen cheejon kii samanya aur vishesh visheshtaon koo usee tarah seey pahachaana jaataa haye jaise way hain. iss vivek koo gair-avdhaaranaatmak ("nirvaakalp-gyaan") maanaa jaataa haye. "maanas" samaantaa ("samata-gyaan") kaa tatkaal sangyaan bunn jaataa haye, joe swayam aur anya koo samaan kartaa haye. jaba godam chetna anta mein bund hoe jaati haye tou ise mahaan darpan sangyaan ("mahaadarsh-gyaan") dwara pratisthaapit kiya jaataa haye joe cheejon koo dekhta haye aur pratibimbit kartaa haye, jaise kii way hain, nishpaksh roop seey, bahishkaar, purvagrah, pratyasha, lagaav yaa vikriti key binaa. grasper-graspaid sambandh samaapt hoe gayaa haye. ..."shuddh" sangyaan sabhi aatm-purvagrah, purvagrah aur baadhaon koo door karke duniya koo tatkaal aur prabhaavi tarikon seey sanlagn karate hain joe pahale kissy koo apani swayam kii narcistic chetna seey parey mahsoos karane seey rokte they. jaba chetna samaapt hoe jaati haye, tou sachcha gyaan shuru hotaa haye. choonki prabuddh sangyaan gair-avdhaaranaatmak haye, isaliye isaki vastuon kaa varnan naheen kiya jaa sakata haye. 
praniyon kii paanch shreniyaan.
yogkara school dwara samarthit adhik vivadaspad shikshaon mein seey ack beej aur bhandar-chetna parr shikshaon kaa vistaar thaa. sandhinirmokan sootra" aur "lankavtar sootra" key aadhar parr, yogkara school ney maanaa kii samvedansheel praniyon key paas janmajaat beej hotey hain joe unhein gyaan kii ack vishesh sthiti praapt karane mein saksham banaate hain aur koee anya naheen. iss prakaar, praniyon koo 5 tarikon seey vargeekrit kiya gayaa thaah
vibhinn mahayan sootron mein paanchven varg key praniyon, ichantic koo gyaan praapt karane mein asamarth honey key roop mein varnit kiya gayaa thaa, jaba taka kii kuchh mamalon mein buddh yaa bodhisatva kii sahaayata key madhyam seey naheen. phir bhee, kamal sootra (ee.) key anuyaayiyon dwara iss dhaarana kii atyadhik aalochana kii gaee thee.jee. tiantai school) aur saarvbhaumik bauddh dharm kaa shikshan. yeh tanaav purvi asiai bauddh itihas mein dikhaai detaa haye.
alikarawada aur satyakarawada.
yogchar key bheetar mansik roop kii vaastaviktaa key baare mein ack mahatvapurna bahas ney isake baad key upkhand koo alikacharvad (tib) kii dou pranaliyon mein vibhajit kiya. "rnam rdzun p", "jhoothe pahalu, jinhen nirakarvad key roop mein bhee jaanaa jaataa haye) aur satyakarvad (" rnam bden p ", sachche pahalu, jinhen sakarvad key roop mein bhee jaanaa jaataa haye). unhein "pahalu" ("aakar") aur "gair-pahalu" ("anakara") bhee kahaa jaataa haye. mukhya mudda yeh haye kii kyaa munn mein vastuon key roop yaa "pahalu" ("rnam p, ākāra") koo sach ("bden p, satya") yaa galat ("rdzun p, alika") maanaa jaataa haye. jabaki yeh vibhajan praarambhik yogchar daarshnikon key karyon mein maujood naheen thaa, inn vichaaron key samaan pravrittiyon koo dharampal (see. 530-561?) aur sthirmati (see. 510-570?). 
yaroslav komarovsky key anusaar antar iss prakaar haih halanki yogakar samanya roop seey ack baahari bhautik duniya key astitva koo sweekaar naheen karate hain, satyakrao key anusaar isake roop yaa "pahalu" ("rnam p, ākāra") chetna mein pratibimbit hotey hain, kyonki way vaastav mein astitva mein chetna key saath ack prakriti key hain, unake nirmaata. alikarawad key anusaar, naa tou baahari ghatanaaen aur naa hii unake roop aur/munn mein joe unhein pratibimbit karate hain, vaastav mein maujood hain. vaastaviktaa mein joe maujood haye vaha kewal adim munn ("aap vaha, gyaan") haye, jise aatm-sangyaan ("rung rigg, swasamved/swasamvit") key roop mein varnit kiya gayaa haye yaa vyaktigat roop seey aatm-sangyanatmak adim munn ("tou (aar) rung gig rigg paaee yeye vaha") haye.davie key. tomlinson iss antar kaa varnan iss prakaar karate hain (vikramshila key baad key yogkar vidvaanon key sandarbh mein): ack or nirakarvad haye, jise ratnakarshanti (see. aeye.) dwara darshaaya gayaa haye. 970-1045); doosari or, apane sahayogi aur aalochak gyaanmitra (see. aeye.) dwara vyakt kiye gaye sakarvad. 980-1040). nirakaravadin kaa tark haye kii sabhi roop vaastav mein maujood naheen hain. way ersatz yaa galat (alika) hain. alpakaalik roop hamein dikhaai dete hain lekin agyaantaa kaa galat nirmaan hain, joe mool roop seey hamaare astitva koo sansar mein peedit praniyon key roop mein darshaata haye. antatah ack jaagrit buddh key vaastavik anubhav mein, koee upasthiti bilkul naheen dikhaai detee haye. shuddh anubhav, galat roop seey aprabhaavit (joe nirakara haye, "binaa roop key"), sambhav haye. doosari or, sakaradin iss drishtikon kaa bachaav kartaa haye kii sabhi sachet anubhav aavashyak roop seey ack prakat roop kaa anubhav haye (chetna sakar haye, yaa samvaidhaanik roop seey "roop haye"). spasht roop, thheek seey samajha gayaa, vaastav mein vaastavik hain. ack buddh key anubhav mein upasthiti hoti haye, aur iss tathya key baare mein aisaa kuchh bhee naheen haye joe ack buddh key anubhav koo galat banaata haye.
abhyaas karein.
yogchar vidyalaya kii yogik aur dhyaan prathaon kaa mukhya srot vishvakosh "yogcharbhumi-shaastra" (yog, yog abhyasiyon key liye neenv parr granth) haye."yog ack yogchar key drishtikon seey" yog "(yahaan samanya roop seey aadhyatmik abhyaas kaa ullekh karate hue) key mahayan bauddh maarg kii ack sanrachit vyakhya prastut kartaa haye aur donon aagam/nikaaya granthon aur mahayan sootron mein nirbhar kartaa haye jabaki vaibhika abhidharm seey bhee prabhaavit hotaa haye. kuchh vidvaanon key anusaar, iss paath kaa pataa "yogchaaron" key samudaayon seey lagaaya jaa sakata haye, joe shuru mein ack daarshanik school kaa ullekh naheen karate they, balki dhyaan visheshagyon key samoohon kaa ullekh karate they, jinka mukhya dhyaan bauddh yog thaa. anya yogachar granth joe dhyaan aur aadhyatmik abhyaas parr bhee charcha karate hain (aur yabh key saath kuchh sambandh dikhaate hain) unamen "sandhinirmokanasutra", "madhyantvibhag", "mahayansutralamkara", "dharmdharmtabhaga" aur asang key "mahayanasamagrah" shamil hain.
yog kaa mukhya yaa buniyaadi khand satrah "bhoomi" (chaudah pustakon mein samajhaaya gayaa) key aspas sanrachit haye, joe dhyaan kii "neenv" yaa "aadhar" hain, joe "gyaan key ack kshetra kaa ullekh karate hain kii yogakar koo apane yog abhyaas mein safal honey key liye mahaarat hassil karni chaahiye."inmein seey kuchh saiddhaantik vishay hain jaise kii paanch" "vigyaan" "(pustak 1)," "alavision", "" "peedit sangyaan" "(clistam munn)," "51 mansik kaarak (pustak 2)", "aur ashuddhiyaan (" "sankhya", "pustak 3). anya pustaken dhyaan key uchit abhyaas parr charcha karati hain (pustaken 4,9,10 aur 12).
yeh yog shravkaayan aur mahayan donon key aadhyatmik abhyaas seey sambandhit kaee shaastriya bauddh vishayon parr charcha kartaa haye. dhyaan mein upayog kiye jaane vaale kuchh mukhya vishay dhyaan key aathh alag-alag roop (dhyaan avashoshan), teen "samadhiyaan", vibhinn prakaar kii mukti (vimukti), dhyaan praapti ("samapti") jaise "nirodhaspati", paanch baadhaaen ("nivaarana"), vibhinn prakaar key kendra ("aalambana") yaa 'chhaviyaan' ("nimitta") hain, joe dhyaan mein upayog kiye jaate hain, vibhinn prakaar key dhyaan kaa upayog virodhi ("pratipaak") key roop mein kiya jaataa haye (jaise mrityu, anakramyata, anivaaryata aur peedaa), dhyaan kii praapti ("samapti") jaise "nirodhaspati", paanch baadhaaen ("nivaarana"), vibhinn prakaar key kendra ("aalambana") yaa 'chhaviyaan' ("nimitta") dhyaan mein upayog kiye jaane vaale vibhinn prakaar key dhyaan hain, dhyaan key aathh alag-alag roop ("pratipaak"), dhyaan key khilaf dhyaan key vibhinn prakaar (jaise mrityu, anakramikta, anivaaryata aur peedaa), dhyaan key nau pahaluon key madhyam seey "samtha" kaa abhyaas ("samaati"), munn key nau pahaluon key madhyam seey "vishram
bodhisatva abhyaas.
yabh key "bodhisatvabhoomi" khand mein yogchar vidyalaya key vishesh roop seey mahayan abhyaas key roopon parr charcha kii gaee haye joe bodhisatvon key anuroop hain. inn aakritiyon koo aadhyatmik gunon key roop mein dekhaa jaataa haye joe ack aisee prakriya key madhyam seey poorna bauddh dharm praapt karane parr kaam curr rahey hain joe saikadon aadhyatmik vikas (aur anginat punarjanm) leey sakati haye. pragyaparamita" saahitya sahit, "bodhisatvabhoomi", "shivkayan granthon seey adhik prabhaavit honey vaali, anya pustakon (jaise" shravakbhoomi ") key vipareet, mahayan kritiyon seey bahut prabhaavit haye.
bodhisatvabhoomi mein bodhisatva key abhyaas kaa uddeshya gyaan ("pragya") haye joe avarnaniya antim vaastaviktaa ("tathaata") yaa 'swayam mein vastu ("vishal") kaa ehsas kartaa haye, joe astitva ("bhav") aur gair-astitva ("abhiv") key dwait ("advaay") seey parey haye. bodhisatvabhoomi" mein bodhisatvon kii kaee prathaon koo rekhaankit kiya gayaa haye, jisamen chhah paripoornataaen ("paramita"), jaagriti key saintees kaarak aur chaar aparimit shamil hain. dou pramukh prathaaen joe iss paath mein bodhisatvon key liye advitiya hain, way hain chaar jaanch ("paryesh") aur chaar sahee sangyaan ("yathaparigyan").
chaar jaanch.
chaar jaanch aur sambandhit chaar sahee sangyaan yaa gyaan joe unase utpann hotey hain way hainh
joe abhyaas cheejon kii vaastavik prakriti key ahsas kii or leey jaataa haye, vaha sabhi vaichaarik prasaar ("prapanka") aur vichaaron ("samjana") key unmoolan parr adharit haye joe ack vyakti vaastavik vaastaviktaa parr adhiropit kartaa haye."avadhaaranaon aur vichaaron kaa yeh unmoolan bodhisatva dwara sabhi dhyaan prathaon key liye lagu buniyaadi dhancha haye. YBH kahata haih usa vichaar koo samaapt karane key liye abhyaas key maarg kaa sahee dhang seey paalan kiya jaayega. samajh key madhyam seey, gyaan kii sabhi vastuon parr poori tarah seey prayog kiya jaataa haye, [aur] kewal iss vichaar koo dhyaan mein rakhate hue kii sabhi ghatnaaon key vichaar [kuchh bhee naheen balki] sahsi hain, aapako iss prakaar baar-baar sabhi ghatnaaon parr nirdeshit prasaar key liye anukool kissy bhee vichaar koo hataa denaa chaahiye aur ack gair-avdhaaranaatmak mansik sthiti dwara lagaatar apane aap mein cheez parr dhyaan denaa chaahiye joe binaa kissy visheshta key kewal dekhi gaee vastu koo samajhane parr kendrit haye. iss prakaar aap una logon key vansh seey utpann ekagrata praapt karenge joe tathaagata key sarvocch sangyaan key shuddh chintan kaa abhyaas karate hain. jaba aap ashuddhata parr dhyaan kaa abhyaas karate hain, taba bhee aapako iss mansik abhivinyas koo naheen chhodana chaahiye. isi tarah jaba aap mitrata, aashrit utpatti, tatvon kaa vishleshan, saans lene kii mindfulness, pahala avashoshan aur isi tarah naa tou vichaar aur naa hii gair-dhaarana key saath-saath bodhisatva key anginat dhyaan, alaukik kshamataon, chintan aur praapti key sthaan taka dhyaan kaa abhyaas karate hain, tou aapako thheek iss mansik abhivinyas koo naheen chhodana chaahiye.
isi tarah teen "sandhiyon" (dhyaan avashoshan aur ekataa) koo iss nae dhaanche mein anukoolit kiya gayaa haye. yeye teen khalipan ("shoonyata"), ichchaaheentaa ("aprabhidha"), aur kalpanahinta ("animita") "samadhiyaan hain."
bodhisatva nivaas karate hain.
bodhisatva key abhyaas key sambandh mein YBH kaa ack aur mool yogdan terah (yaa kabhi-kabhi baarah) nivaas yaa nivaas ("vihaar") kaa siddhant haye. bodhisatva key jaagriti key maarg kii yeh ruprekha iss prakaar haih
itihas.
madhyamak key saath yogachar, bhaaratiya mahayan bauddh dharm key dou pramukh daarshanik vidyaalayon mein seey ack haye, jabaki tathagatagarabh vichaar bhee prabhaavshaali thaa.
utpatti.
iss parampara key sabse shuruati granthon mein seey ack "sandhinirmokan sootra" haye joe pahali yaa doosari shatabdi esvi key shuruati hoe sakata haye. isamen aadhar-chetna ("aalaaya-vigyaan"), aur kewal pratinidhitva ("vijanaapti-maataa") aur "teen prakriti" ("trishvabhaav") jaise nae siddhant shamil hain. haalaanki, yeye siddhant poori tarah seey nae naheen they, kyonki unake poorvavarti puraane bauddh siddhanton mein hain, jaise kii beejon kaa sautrantika siddhant ("beej") aur bhawang kaa sthaveer nikaaya kaa abhidharm siddhant.
richard king ney nott kiya kii sautrantika ney ack prakaar key pratinidhitvavaad kaa bachaav kiya, jisamen munn kewal ack baahari vastu (kabhi bhee vastu swayam naheen) kii chhavi (aakar) yaa pratinidhitva (vijanaapti) koo samajhata haye. yogkara ney kewal kissy bhee baahari vastu kii aavashyakta koo hataa diyaa joe chhavi key liye ack kaaran key roop mein kaary kartaa haye. 
yog key siddhant pathpradarshak key roop mein "sandhinirmokan sootra" ney dharm key chakr key teen modd key pratimaan kaa udghaatan kiya, jisamen "teesare modd" (chetna-kewal shiksha) mein apane siddhant they. yogchar granthon koo aam taur parr praasangik sootra key saath teesare modd kaa hissa maanaa jaataa haye. isake alawa, yogchar pravachan sarvekshan aur teenon modon koo sanshleshit kartaa haye aur khud koo bauddh dharm kii antim nishchit vyakhya maanata haye. yogcharbhumi-shaastra" kii praarambhik paraton mein bhee bahut praarambhik yogchar samagri hoti haye, shayed "sandhinirmokan" seey pahale. yeh kaary sarvastiwada abhidharm seey bahut prabhaavit haye.
daan lusthos key anusaar, yogchar school kaa abhivinyas kaafee hudd taka paali nikaayon kii soch key anuroop haye. yeh aksar baad key vikas koo iss tarah seey vyavhaar kartaa haye joe unhein bauddh siddhanton key pahale key sanskaranon key saath jodata haye. yogchar school key agends mein seey ack praarambhik bauddh siddhant key anuroop bauddh darshan mein baad key parishkaranon kii jatilata koo phir seey vyavasthit karna thaa.
haalaanki, vaaee key anusaar. karunadasa, isake thheek vipareet sach haye, aur paali srot dridhata seey yathaarthvaadi granth hain joe padaarth key astitva kii pushti karate hain. karunadasa kaa tark haye kii padaarth aur baahari duniya kaa vaastavik atirikt-mansik astitva nikaayon mein "spasht roop seey sujhaaya gayaa haye", naa hii yeh dikhaane key liye koee sakaratmak saboot haye kii duniya munn-nirmit haye yaa kewal vyaktiparak vichaaron kaa ack prakshepan haye.
assang aur vasubandhu.
yogchar darshan kii vyavasthit vyakhya kaa shreya asang (chautha see. see. ee.) aur vasubandhu (chautha-paanchvaan see. see. ee.). inn aakritiyon key baare mein bahut cumm jaankaari haye, lekin paaramparik hagigraphiyon mein kahaa gayaa haye kii asang koo bodhisatva aur bhavishya key buddh, maitreya seey yogchar shiksha praapt hui. isake vivaran parmarth (6 veen shatabdi) aur juanjang key lekhan mein diye gaye hain, joe bataate hain kii "mahayan-sootra-alanka" aur "madhyant-vibhaga" jaise mahatvapurna granth maitreya seey divya roop seey prakat hue hain. assang ney kaee pramukh yogachar granthon jaise "mahayanasagrah" aur "abhidharm-samukkaya" key saath-saath anya kritiyon koo likhaa, halanki cheeni aur tibbati paramparaon key beach visangatiyan hain jinake baare mein unake karyon aur joe maitreya key liye jimmedaar hain.
asang ney apane bhaai vasubandhu koo mahayan yogachar mein parivartit curr diyaa. vasubandhu sarvashivad-vaibhaasik aur sautrantika abhidharm vichaar key sheersh vidwan rahey they, aur "abhidharmakoshkarika" unakaa mukhya kaary haye joe inn paramparaon key siddhanton parr charcha kartaa haye. vasubandhu ney apane dharmaantaran key baad mahatvapurna yogachar kritiyaan bhee likhin, jisamen unhone yogchar key pramukh siddhanton kii vyakhya kii aur unakaa bachaav kiya.
bhaarat mein vikas.
yogchar school ney donon bhaaiyon key samay key baad sadiyon taka bhaaratiya bauddh dharm mein ack pramukh sthaan rakhaa. daan lusthos key anusaar, asanga aur vasubandhu key baad, vidyalaya key dou alag-alag "pankh" vikasit hueh
haalaanki, abhidharmik shakha key siddhanton parr anya bauddhon dwara badhate hamale hue, vishesh roop seey "aalaaya-vigyaan" kii dhaarana, jise "atman" aur "prakriti" key hindu vichaaron key karib key roop mein dekhaa gayaa thaa."iss vajah seey, taarkik parampara samay key saath" "aalaaya-vigyaan" "key bajaay" "chitt-shantana" "shabd kaa upayog karane key liye sthanantarit hoe gaee, kyonki vichaaron kii" "dhaara" "(shantana)" "kii raksha karna ack aise siddhant key roop mein aasaan thaa joe swayam kaa virodh naheen kartaa thaa. aathvin shatabdi key anta taka, abhidharm shakha jyaadaatar taarkik parampara key saath-saath ack nae sankar school dwara grahan curr lii gaee thee joe "buniyaadi yogchar siddhanton koo" tathagtabh "vichaar key saath jodati haye." 
yogachar-tatatagarabh sanshleshan.
lustahaus key anusaar, kritrim yogchar-tatatagarabh school ney "tatatagarabh" (buddh-makbara, buddh-srot, yaa "buddh-vithin") kii paribhasha koo "sthaayi, sukhad", "swayam" aur shuddh ("nitya, sukhaa, atman, shuddh") key roop mein sweekaar kiya joe vibhinn "tatatagarabh sootron" mein paaya jaataa haye."yeh sankar vidyalaya antatah" "tathagtabh" "koo" "aalaaya-vigyaan" "key saath jodata gayaa. iss school key kuchh pramukh srot "lankavtar sootra", "ratnagotravibhag" ("uttartantra") aur chean mein "vishvaas kii jaagriti" hain."
yogchar-tatatagarabh purvi asia aur tibbat donon mein behad prabhaavshaali hoe gayaa. chhathi aur saatvin shatabdi key dauran, yogchar key vibhinn roopon ney cheeni bauddh paridrishya parr prabhutva jamaaya jaise kii roodhivaadi roop aur sankar tatatagarabh roop. inn donon drishtikonon key beach jhagada thaa. udaaharan key liye, anuvaadak bodhis (chhathi shatabdi esvi) ney adhik roodhivaadi drishtikon apanaaya, jabaki ratnamati ney tathagatagarabh key vichaar kii or aakarshit hocker apani samajh key anuroop "dashbhumika sootra" jaise granthon kaa anuvaad karane kii koshish kii. iss mudde parr unaki asahamati key kaaran saha-anuvaadakon key roop mein unakaa sahyog samaapt hoe gayaa. 
anuvaadak parmarth ack sankar vichaarak kaa ack aur udaaharan haye. unhone ack nae siddhant koo badhaava diyaa jisamen kahaa gayaa thaa kii ack "nirjal chetna" ("amal-vigyaan", sabhi praniyon key bheetar ack shuddh gyaan, i.ee. tathagatagarabh), joe ack baar "aalaaya-vigyaan" key shuddh honey key baad prakat hotaa haye.
lusthos key anusaar, juanjang kii bhaarat kii yatra aur "cheng veshi lune" kii unaki rachana ack adhik "roodhivaadi" aur "pramanik" bhaaratiya yogachar mein lautane kaa prayaas thaa, aur iss prakaar unake samay key cheeni yogachar mein bahason aur bhram koo shaant kiya gayaa. cheng veeshi lune" "tatatagarabh" key bajaay beej key siddhant key upayog parr lautata haye taaki yeh samajhaaya jaa sakey kii kuchh prani bauddh dharm taka kaise pahunch sakate hain. 
haalaanki, aathvin shatabdi taka, kritrim yogchar-tatatagarabh key vibhinn roop purvi asiai bauddh dharm mein yogchar kii nishchit vyakhya bunn gaye. baad mein faa-tsang jaise cheeni vichaarak iss prakaar juanzang kii aalochana karenge kii vaha apani pranali mein "tatagtagarbh" sikhaane mein whiffle rahey.
carle brunholzl ney nott kiya kii yeh samanvayaatmak pravritti bhaarat mein bhee maujood thee, lekin aisaa prateet hotaa haye kii yogchar guruon ney aam taur parr "uttartantra" key anusaar "tathagatarabh" kii dhaarana koo baad mein hii apanaaya, jaba bauddh tantra ney jamini tantra aur sabhi praniyon key adim roop seey buddh honey kii apani samaan dhaaranaon key saath phal-phool rhaa thaa. iss tarah key yogchaaron key udaharanon mein gyaanmitra, ratnakarshanti aur yogchar key drishtikon seey "pragyaparmita" parr kaee tippaniyon key lekhak shamil hain.
yogachar aur madhyamak.
tibbati sroton key anusaar, yeh vidyalaya maadhyamik parampara key saath lambi bolly mein thaa. haalaanki, samkaaleen paschimi aur paaramparik bauddh vidvaanon key beach iss baat koo laker asahamati haye kii way kiss hudd taka virodh curr rahey they. mukhya antar astitva key muddon aur khalipan kii prakriti seey sambandhit haye. jabaki madhyamak kaa kahana haye kii kissy bhee cheez key astitva yaa gair-astitva kaa daavaa karna anuchit thaa (khalipan sahit), yogchar granth aksar daavaa karate hain kii aashrit prakriti ("paratantra-swaabhaav") vaastav mein maujood haye aur yeh kii khalipan ack "vaastavik anupasthiti" haye joe maujood bhee haye. udaaharan key liye, "madhyantvibhag" spasht roop seey daavaa kartaa haye kii "astitvaheen [" aboot-parikalpa "] kii kalpana maujood haye. isamen dwait naheen haye. haalaanki, isamen khalipan maujood haye."shaastriya yogachar vicharakon jaise kii asang aur vasubandhu ney madhyamikaon kii aalochana kii joe" "astitvaheen" "(" "nastika, vyarth" ") kaa paalan karate hain kyonki way unhein shunyavaad (" "uchchedvaad" ") mein bhatakate hue dekhate they. unhone maanaa kii vaastav mein kuchh aisaa thaa jise "astitva mein" kahaa jaa sakata haye, yaani "vijanaapti", aur yahee vaha thaa jise unaki pranali "khaali" honey key roop mein varnit kiya gayaa haye.
7veen shatabdi mein juanzang ney yogchar aur madhyamak kii sthiti koo bolly mein bataaya thaa. bhaarat mein maadhyamik vidyalaya key pratipaadakon key saath bahas key ack samooh key baad, juanjang ney sanskrit mein rachana kii, joe abb teen hazaar padya granth "maadhyamik aur yogachar kaa gair-antar" naheen haye.
yogchar aur madhyamak daarshnikon ney bhaarat mein bauddh darshan key poore itihas mein dou virodhi pravrittiyon kaa pradarshan kiya, ack jisane dou pranaliyon koo alag karane aur door karane kaa kaam kiya aur ack pravritti joe unhein saamanjasyapurna banaane kii disha mein kaam karati thee. samanvayakaari pravritti koo gyaanagarbh (8veen shatabdi), unake chhaatr shantarakshita (8veen shatabdi) jaise daarshnikon key kaam mein aur yogachar vichaarak ratnakarkanti (see. 1000). inn vicharakon ney yogchar koo "alikarawada" ("jhoothaa paksh", way yogchar joe maanate hain kii mansik roop galat hain yaa antatah maujood naheen hain) koo uchchatam key roop mein dekhaa. 
shantarakshita (8veen shatabdi), jinake drishtikon koo baad mein tibbati parampara dwara "yog-swar-madhyamak" kahaa gayaa thaa, ney madhyamika sthiti koo antatah sach maanaa aur saath hii saath yogchar drishtikon koo paramparaon seey sambandhit honey aur chhatron koo adhik kushalata seey antim disha mein pragati karane key liye ack upayogi tareeke key roop mein dekhaa. yeh donon sthitiyon key beach sanshleshit drishtikon thaa, aur isamen garima aur dharmakeerti seey vaidh sangyaan ("pramaana") key vichaar bhee shamil they.
baad mein shaakya chokden jaise tibbati bauddh vichaarak bhee maadhyamik key saath alikrawad upa-vidyalaya kii sangatata dikhaane key liye kaam karenge, yeh tark dete hue kii yeh vaastav mein maadhyamik kaa ack roop haye. isi tarah, saatven karmapa chadrak gyamatso kaa ack samaan drishtikon haye joe maanata haye kii donon pranaliyon key "gahan mahatvapurna bindu aur iraade" ack hain. juu mifam ack anya tibbati daarshanik bhee hain, jinaki pariyojana kaa uddeshya yogkara aur madhyamaka key beach samanjasya dikhaana haye, yeh tark dete hue kii unake beach kewal ack bahut hii sookshm antar haye, yogkara dwara ack "avarnaniya, praakritik roop seey chamakdaar sangyaan" ("rigg paa bajin guise 'odd gasal baa") key astitva seey chipke rehna.
purvi asia mein yogachar.
bhaaratiya yogchar granthon key anuvaad pahali baar 5veen shatabdi esvi kii shuruat mein chean mein pesh kiye gaye they. inmein seey chaar anshon mein "lankavtar sootra" kaa gunabhadra kaa anuvaad bhee thaa, joe chaan bauddh dharm key praarambhik itihas mein bhee mahatvapurna hoe gayaa thaa. chhathi shatabdi key dauran, bhaaratiya bhikshu aur anuvaadak parmarth (<unk>; 499-569) ney chean mein bhikshuon aur aam logon key beach yogchar shikshaon kaa vyaapak roop seey prachaar kiya. unake anuvaadon mein "sandhinirmokan sootra", "madhyavibha-karika", "trishank-vijnaptimatra" aur "mahayanasagrah" shamil hain.
juanzang (fl. see. 602-664) koo aksar purvi asiai yogachar key sabse mahatvapurna sansthaapak key roop mein dekhaa jaataa haye. 33 saal kii umr mein, juanzang ney bauddh dharm kaa adhyayan karane aur baad mein anuvaad key liye granthon kii khareed key liye bhaarat kii ack khatarnak yatra kii. daan lusthos likhate hain kii juanzang iss nishkarsh parr pahunche they kii cheeni bauddh dharm mein vivaad key muddon koo "yogcharbhoomi shaastra" jaise mahatvapurna granthon kii upalabdhata key saath hull kiya jaa sakata haye.
juanzang ney bhaarat mein vibhinn bauddh guruon key adheen yatra karane aur adhyayan karane mein duss saal seey adhik samay bitaaya. lusthos likhate hain kii iss samay key dauran, juanzang ney paaya kii jiss tarah seey bauddh granthon koo samajhate aur vyakhya karate they, vaha cheeni samagri kii tulanaa mein bahut samriddh aur adhik vividh thaa, aur ack vyaapak saanskritik sandarbh seey arth aakarshit kartaa thaa. juanjang key shikshakon mein nalanda key mathadhish shilbhadra shamil they, joe taba 106 varsh key they aur jinhone unhein 10 varsh taka padhaaya. bhaarat seey lautane parr, juanzang apane saath 657 bauddh granth laae, jinamen yogchar jaise mahatvapurna yogchar granth shamil they. inn granthon koo cheeni mein anuvaadit karane key uddeshya seey unhein sarkari sahaayata aur kaee sahayak diye gaye they.
purvi asiai yogachar mein ack mahatvapurna yogdan key roop mein, juanzang ney "cheng veeshi lune" yaa "kewal chetna kii sthaapana parr pravachan" kii rachana kii."yeh kaary vasubandhu key" "trishank-vijnaptimatra" "yaa" "kewal chetna parr tees chhand" "key ird-gird banaaya gayaa haye."apani tippani mein, juanzang ney iss kaam parr dharampal kii tippani koo sahee bataaya, aur inn key saath-saath anya vichaaron key baare mein bhee apani vyakhya dee. yeh kaary juanjang key shishya kuji (632-682) key kahane parr banaaya gayaa thaa, aur yeh purvi asiai yogachar kaa ack kendriya kaary bunn gayaa. juanjang ney maitreya key prati bhakti dhyaan prathaon koo bhee badhaava diyaa. juanjang key shishya quizi ney yogchar granthon parr kaee mahatvapurna tippaniyan likhin aur chean mein iss siddhant key prabhaav koo aur vikasit kiya. baad mein anuyaayiyon ney unhein school key pahale sachche kulpita key roop mein maanyata dee.
iss parampara koo koria (jahaan ise "beopsang" key roop mein jaanaa jaataa haye) aur japan (jahaan ise "hoso" key roop mein jaanaa jaataa haye) mein bhee laaya gayaa thaa. koria mein yogkara key pramukh pratipaadakon mein dehion (δε), sinheng (δ), voncheuk (δ; 631-696) aur vonhyo (′;; ′; 617-686) shamil hain, jabaki japan mein unamen kusha-shoo school key chitsu (τ) aur chidatsu (τ), dosho (τ), jokie (′), tokitsu (′) shamil hain.
tibbat mein yogachar.
yogchar koo pahali baar tibbat mein shantarakshita, kamlas aur atisha dwara preshit kiya gayaa thaa aur yogchar vichaar tibbati bauddh dharm key itihas kaa ack abhinn anga haye. yogchar kaa adhyayan tibbati bauddh dharm key sabhi vidyaalayon mein kiya jaataa haye, halanki pratyek mein iska alag-alag jore milata haye.
cheeni parampara kii tarah, tibbati nyingma school aur isaki dojchen shikshaaen yogchar-tatagatagarabh key ack sankar roop koo badhaava detee hain. iss beach jonang school ney apana vyavasthit drishtikon vikasit kiya jise unhone "shentong" ("anya-abhaav") kahaa, jisamen yogchar, madhyamaka aur tathagtabh key tatva shamil they. unhone iss drishtikon koo nishchit maanaa, "rangtong" ("aatm-avahelana" yaa prasangika) key vipareet, jisamen swatantrika aur prasangika maadhyamik donon shamil hain.
haalaanki jey tsongkhapa (jinake atish kii kadam parampara mein sudhaaron koo aam taur parr jelag school kii shuruat maanaa jaataa haye) ney apane currier kii shuruat mein yogchar vichaaron (vishesh roop seey aathh chetanaon key astitva aur kaary key baare mein) key paksh mein tark diyaa, prachalit jelag drishtikon antatah yogchar vichaaron koo vyakhyatmak arth key mamle key roop mein rakhane key liye aaya, isaliye madhyamaka seey alag thaa jise nishchit arth kaa maanaa jaataa thaa.
shentong aur rangtong vichaaron key beach key antar key baare mein tibbati vidvaanon key beach vartamaan charchaaen isaliye yogchar aur madhyamak key beach aitihaasik bahason key samaan dikhaai dey sakati hain, lekin vaastav mein, vishisht bhed bahut aage vikasit hue hain. halanki baad mein tibbati vichaaron koo pahale key bhaaratiya padon seey vikasit honey key liye kahaa jaa sakata haye, vichaaron key beach antar teji seey sookshm aur jatil hoe gaye hain, vishesh roop seey jaba tibbati yogchar maadhyamik aur tathagtabh darshan koo shamil karane key liye vikasit huaa haye. 19veen shatabdi key rime andolan key tippanikar jamgon joo mifam gyatso ney shantarakshita key sanshleshan parr apani tippani mein likhaa kii donon vidyaalayon mein antim drishtikon samaan haye, aur pratyek maarg ack hii antim sthiti kii or leey jaataa haye.
prabhaav.
mahayan bauddh dharm key lagbhag sabhi samkaaleen school yogchar bauddh vichaar seey prabhaavit hain. isamen aadhunik zena, shuddh bhoomi aur tibbati bauddh dharm shamil hain. zena yogchar sroton, vishesh roop seey "lankavtar sootra" seey bahut prabhaavit thaa."tibbati bauddh dharm mein, yogchar sroton kaa abhee bhee vyaapak roop seey adhyayan kiya jaataa haye aur kaee yogchar granth vibhinn vidyaalayon key mathon kii shiksha pathyakram mein adhyayan kiye gaye pramukh kaary hain. tibbati bauddh dharm mein kuchh prabhaavshaali shamil hainh asang kaa "abhidharm-samukkaya", aur "mahayansutralankar" aur "ratnagotravibha" (ack paath joe yogkara aur buddh prakriti key siddhanton koo sikhaata haye) sahit "maitreya key paanch granth".
utpaldev aur shrihar jaise hindu daarshanik bhee yogkar vichaaron seey prabhaavit they aur apane karyon mein unake siddhanton kaa jawab dete they.
paath kaa sangrah.
sootra.
sandhinirmokan sootra" ("gahan rahasyon key spashteekaran kaa sootra"; doosari shatabdi esvi), mool yogasutra thaa aur parampara key liye ack praathamik sandarbh banaa rhaa.
ack anya paath, "mahayanbhidharmasutra" koo aksar yogchar karyon mein uddhrit kiya jaataa haye aur ise praarambhik yogchar sootra bhee maanaa jaataa haye."
lankavtar sootra" ney bhee baad mein purvi asia mein kaafee mahatva grahan kiya, aur iss paath key kuchh hisson koo attien lamote dwara "sandhinirmokana" key samkaaleen maanaa gayaa thaa. yeh paath "alavision" key yogchar siddhant koo "tathagatagarabh" key saath jodata haye aur iss prakaar yeh usa parampara kaa hissa prateet hotaa haye joe yogchar koo "tathagatagarabh" vichaar key saath milaane kii maang karati thee.
assang, vasubandhu aur praarambhik granth.
kuchh praarambhik yogchar samagri "yogcharbhoomi-shaastra" mein paaee jaa sakati haye, jaise kii "alavision aur aashrayparvati" key siddhant."yeh paath, yog siddhant aur vyavhaar parr ack vishal vishvakosh kaary, paaramparik roop seey asang (chauthi shatabdi) yaa maitreya koo shreya diyaa jaataa haye, lekin adhikansh vidvaanon (jaise kii smithousen aur aramaki) kaa maanana haye kii isamen kaee lekhakon kaa kaam haye, aur isake ghatak aitihaasik vikas key vibhinn charanon koo darshaate hain. isaki adhikansh samagri gair-mahayan haye aur lusthos key anusaar, yeh badey paimaane parr agamon seey aakarshit hoti haye. phir bhee, asang ney abhee bhee isake vikas koo prabhaavit kiya hoga. 
kaee pramukh yogchar granthon yaa shaastron key lekhak koo asang key roop mein jaanaa jaataa haye, joe iss vidyalaya kaa ack pramukh siddhant pranalikar haye. unamen seey unaki mahaan kriti, "mahayanasagrah" aur yogchar abhidharm, "abhidharm-samukkaya" kaa ack sangrah bhee haye.
asang key bhaai vasubandhu koo bhee ack mahatvapurna yogachar maanaa jaataa haye. unhone vibhinn mahatvapurna shaastra likhe, jinamen "trishwabh-nirdesh" (teen prakriti parr granth), "vinshatik-karika" (bees shlokon mein granth), "trishshik-karika" (tees shlokon mein granth), "vyakhyaayukti" ("vyakhya kaa uchit tarika"), "karmasiddhiprakaran" ("karm parr ack granth"), aur "pankashchandprakana" (paanch samuchchayon kaa spashteekaran) shamil hain. jaya garfield key anusaar, "trishvabhaav-nirdesh" yakinan vasubandhu dwara teen prakriti parr sabse daarshanik roop seey vistrit aur vyaapak "karyon mein seey ack haye.
vasubandhu ney abhidharm parr ack badaa vyavasthit kaary bhee likhaa, "abhidharmakosha-bhyasya", joe tibbat aur purvi asia mein prabhaavshaali banaa huaa haye. robert critzer key anusaar, halanki iss kaam koo paaramparik roop seey sarvastivad aur sautrantika abhidharm parr adharit maanaa jaataa haye, isamen yogchar prabhaav bhee shamil hain joe yogcharbhoomi seey liye gaye hain."
anya aankade aur granth.
williams key anusaar, sanskrit mein kaafee praarambhik yogchar kaary bachaa huaa haye jise kambal (see. 450-525), joe "bhavveka key karyon dwara darshaae gaye jordar aalochanatmak madhyamika pratikriya seey thheek pahale yogchar kaa ack roop detaa haye."williams ney yeh bhee nott kiya kii yeh kaam" jahaan sambhav hoe vahaan madhyamika kii sthiti koo yogachar key saath samanjasya sthaapit karane kii koshish kartaa haye."
vibhinn yogchar granthon parr mahatvapurna tippaniyan sthaayi (6 veen shatabdi) aur nalanda key dharampal (6 veen shatabdi) dwara likhi gaee theen, joe school key bheetar vibhinn upa-paramparaon kaa pratinidhitva karate hain. bhaaratiya bauddh tarkashastri garima (see. 480-540 esvi) ney ack mahatvapurna yogachar kriti, "alambanpariksha" aur isaki "vritti" (tippani) likhi. dharmakeerti kaa kaary bhee yogachar prabhaav koo darshaata haye.
juanzang (602-664) kii cheeni aakriti ney ack tippani ("ch 'ng wei shih lun", Skt. punarnirmaanah vasubandhu key "trimaasik" parr "vijanaptimatrasiddhi *"), jisake liye unhone dharampal key kaam key paksh mein kaee bhaaratiya tippaniyon kaa upayog kiya. purvi asiai yogchar parampara mein, yeh yogchar darshan parr kendriya kaary haye.
oopar ullikhit asang aur vasubandhu key karyon key alawa, yogchar parampara jaisa kii tibbati bauddh dharm mein samajha jaataa haye, "maitreya key paanch dharm" naamak granthon kii ack shrinkhala parr bhee adharit haye. yeye hain "mahayansutralamkara, dharmdharmdharmativibhag, madhyantavibhagarika, abhisamayalankar" aur "ratnagotravibhag"."inn granthon koo paaramparik roop seey tusit swarg seey bodhisatva maitreya dwara asang seey sambandhit kahaa jaataa haye. dee key anusaar.aiss. rueg, "maitreya key paanch karyon" kaa ullekh kewal 11veen shatabdi key baad seey sanskrit sroton mein kiya gayaa haye. jaisa kii aiss dwara ullekh kiya gayaa haye.key. hookham aur paul williams, ack ekal lekhak key liye unake shreya parr aadhunik vidvaanon, vishesh roop seey "abhisamayalankar" aur "ratnagotravibhag" (joe "tathagatagarbha" parr kendrit haye) dwara sawal uthaaye gaye hain. bhaaratiya aur tibbati lekhakon key inn granthon parr vibhinn tippaniyan bhee hain joe tibbati shaikshik parampara mein mahatvapurna hain.
carle brunholzel key anusaar, cheeni parampara bhee paanch maitreya granthon (pahala ullekh dunlun key "yujiya lanji" mein kiya gayaa haye) kii baat karati haye, lekin unhein "yogcharbhoomi", "yogavibha", "mahayansatralamkara, madhyantavibha" aur "vajrakhedikavyakhya" seey milkar banaa maanaa jaataa haye.""
samkaaleen chhatravritti.
yogchar koo paschimi daarshanik parampara mein bhee ack prakaar key aadarshvaad key roop mein pahachaana gayaa haye. yeh sameekaran haal taka maanak thaa, jaba ise kochumattam, enakar, kalupahana, dunn, lusthoss, shaktiyon aur wayman jaise vidvaanon dwara chunauti dee jaane luggy. yogchar koo kuchh lekhakon dwara ghatana vigyaan key saath bhee sanrekhit kiya gayaa haye, vishesh roop seey lusthos.
german vidwan aur bhashashastri lambert smithousen ney baar-baar iss vichaar kaa bachaav kiya haye kii classic yogkara srot ack aadarshvaadi ontology kaa bachaav karate hain. unhone nott kiya kii yogkara granthon key saavdhaanipoorvak padhane aur bhasha vigyaan adhyayan seey pataa chalata haye kii way spasht roop seey baahari duniya key munn key swatantra astitva koo aswikar karate hain. unhone yeh bhee nott kiya kii aadarshvaadi vyakhya koo aswikar karane kii vartamaan pravritti paschimi darshan akadami key beach aadarshvaad kii alokpriyata seey sambandhit hoe sakati haye. 
isi tarah, jaya garfield aadarshvaad key roop mein yogchar kii vyakhya koo banaae rakhna jaari rakhate hain. isi prabhaav mein, nobuyoshi yamabe kaa kahana haye kii "garima koo bhee spasht roop seey yogchar kii aadarshvaadi pranali viraasat mein millie thee."kaee samkaaleen vidvaanon kii tarah, yamabe iss baat seey avagat hain kii yogchar granth maane jaane vaale granth munn aur padaarth key mudde koo sambodhit karane mein vibhinn charanon koo darshaate hain. 

