
yuddh key samay mein jhooth

yuddh key samay mein jhooth, jisamen mahaan yuddh key dauran rashtron mein prasaarit jhooth kaa ack vargeekaran haye, arther ponsonbi kii 1928 kii ack pustak haye, jisamen kendriya shaktiyon (germany, austriya-hangri, turkey aur bulgaria) key khilaf sahayogi balon (roose, france, britten aur sanyukt raajya america) dwara upayog kiye gaye prachaar key tukadon koo soochibaddh aur khariz kiya gayaa haye.
dwiteeya vishva yuddh key baad, pustak key ack nae sanskaran koo yuddh key samay mein jhoothah pratham vishva yuddh key prachaar jhooth kaa adyatan sheershak diyaa gayaa thaa.
arther ponsonbi.
schulbread key pratham bairan ponsonbi arther ponsonbi kaa janm 1871 mein arther augustus villium heinry ponsonbi key roop mein huaa thaa. lord ponsonbi ney eaton college aur balliol college, oxford mein padhaai kii, jisake baad vaha rajanyik seva mein shamil hoe gaye. 1906 mein, ponsonbi aam chunaav mein ack udaar ummidwar key roop mein asafal rahey, lekin 1908 mein ack upchunaav mein united kingdam (mp) kii sansad key sadasya chune gaye.
lord ponsonbi pratham vishva yuddh mein britten kii bhagidari key khilaf they aur unhone loktaantrik niyantran (yuu. dee. see.) key sangh key gathan mein madad kii. way 1918 key aam chunaav mein nae dunfirmline bergs nirvaachan kshetra mein ack "swatantra loktaantrik" key roop mein khade hue aur parajit hoe gaye, aur laber party mein shamil hoe gaye, joe 1922 key aam chunaav mein schafield key ujjwal vibhajan key liye saansad bunn gaye. 1929 key aam chunaav key baad unhein parivahan mantralaya kaa sansadiya sachiv niyukt kiya gayaa thaa. unhein ack sahakarmi diyaa gayaa aur 1930 mein way house off lords key netaa bunn gaye.
1940 mein, lord ponsonbi ney laber party seey istifa dey diyaa kyonki vaha winston churchill kii gathbandhan sarkaar mein shamil honey key usake faisale key khilaf they.
saransh.
"yuddh key samay mein jhooth" pratham vishva yuddh mein nibhai gaee bhoomika kii pehchaan kartaa haye, samanya roop seey aur vishisht shabdon mein aur pratham vishva yuddh key dauran prasaarit 20 seey adhik jhoothon koo soochibaddh kartaa haye. ponsonbi ney inn jhooth koo yuddh key prayaas key nirmaan aur banaae rakhane key tareeke kaa ack maulik hissa maanaa, yeh kahate hue kii jhooth key binaa "yuddh kaa koee kaaran aur koee ichcha naheen" hogi.
vistaar seey, ponsonbi yuddh key kaaran key roop mein belgium key aakraman key mamle kaa vishleshan kartaa haye, germany kii ekmatra jimmedaari kaa daavaa, german sainikon dwara vikrit ack nurse kaa mithak, german samrat kaa ack aparaadhi key roop mein chitran, ack belgium key bachche kaa mamla jisake haath kaat diye gaye they, leuven vedi jise kathit roop seey germans dwara nasht curr diyaa gayaa thaa, courtback kaa bachcha, krusikrit kanadai sanic, german shav karkhana, german yuu-boat akrosh, lucitania key doobane kaa mamla, german senaa key sainikon parr atyachar kii kahaaniyan joe nirdosh nagrikon aur pakade gaye sainikon kii hatyaa aur unhein viklang karane kii soochana dee gaee thee, nakali, aadhikarik dastavejon kii doctoring, aur "pakhandi".
germans key geet" key baare mein, joe kii weimer ganarajya key baad key german rashtragaan key liye aadhar thaa (1922 seey): "(germany duniya mein harr cheej seey oopar), ponsonbi ney kahaa kii ise lokpriya roop seey arth key roop mein sweekaar kiya gayaa thaa," [chalo] duniya key harr desh parr germany [shasson] ", i.ee. duniya kaa german prabhutva. haalaanki, german vyaakaran '(i.ee. sub kuchh seey adhik mahatvapurna) aur ', jiska arth haye "sabhi key oopar."ponsonbi key anusaar, baad vaalaa bhraamak anuvaad donon vishva yuddhon key dauran prachaar uddeshyon key liye sahyogiyon dwara chunaa gayaa thaa.
swaagat aur mahatva.
"yuddh key samay mein jhooth" koo isake jaari honey parr sakaratmak roop seey praapt kiya gayaa thaa. "naitikta kii antarrashtriya patrika" ponsonbi key kaam koo sabhi yuddhon mein shamil naitik ksharan kaa ack dilchasp adhyayan bataati haye."isake alawa," cull kii duniya "ney pustak kaa swaagat kiya kii yeh pratham vishva yuddh mein prachaar kaa varnan karane kaa ack seedha tarika haye aur yeh kahata haye kii yeh nishchit roop seey achche key liye haye."ponsonbi key alochakon mein seey ack, landan key" dha times "ney ponsonbi kaa ullekh kiya kii unhone brice report koo chhod diyaa. haalaanki, "samay" ney maanaa kii ponsonbi kaa lekhan "anuchit vishvaas key khilaf ack upayogi chetavani haye."germany mein pustak kaa swaagat sakaratmak thaa, jahan german videsh mantralaya ney ise" "sabse achchi aur sabse prabhaavi pustak" "maanaa... yuddh atyachar key khilaf jhooth "aur ise francisi aur german mein anuvaadit karane mein madad kii.
annie morelli ney apani pustak "princess almentires dee propagande dee guerre" mein ponsonbi key kaam kii aavashyak prachaar takneekon koo vyavasthit kiya. morelli bataate hain kii kaise inn siddhanton ney naa kewal pratham vishva yuddh key dauran kaam kiya, balki 2001 key yuddhon mein bhee lagu kiye gaye they.
adrian gregory ney apani pustak "dha last grate vaarah british society aind dha first worled warr" mein "yuddh key samay mein jhooth" key bheetar paddhatisambandhi trutiyon key roop mein joe dekhaa, usaki aalochana kii. unhone likhaa kii kuchh udaharanon mein, ponsonbi ney galat tareeke seey british press parr una kahaaniyon key nirmaan key roop mein aarop lagaaya joe vaastav mein afvaahon, shahari mithakon aur german prachaar sahit vibhinn anya sroton seey praapt hain. unhone nishkarsh nikala, "americi algavvadi sroton, british shantivadi press aur yahaan taka kii germany seey bhee samagri koo sachchai key roop mein liya jaataa haye, british aadhikarik ghoshanaon aur british press koo jhooth bolane key liye maanaa jaataa haye. unaki pustak prachaar kii jaanch naheen haye; yeh sabse bhavuk prakaar kaa prachaar haih isaliye pradarshan upayogi hoe sakata haye, taba bhee jaba sangharsh samaapt hoe jaae, taaki dhokhadhadi, pakhand aur vinamrata koo dikhaaya jaa sakey jiss parr saaraa yuddh ticky hui haye.
uddharan.
yuddh mein manovaigyaanik kaarak utanaa hii mahatvapurna haye jitna kii sainya kaarak. nagrikon key saath-saath sainikon kaa manobal bhee banaae rakhaa jaanaa chaahiye. yuddh karyalaya, nausena aur vayu mantralaya sainya paksh kii dekhbhal karate hain. manovaigyaanik paksh koo dekhane key liye vibhagon kaa nirmaan karna hoga. logon koo kabhi bhee nirash naheen honey diyaa jaanaa chaahiye; isaliye jeet koo atishayoktipurna aur haarnaa chaahiye, yadi chhipaaye naheen, tou kissy bhee darr parr cumm kiya jaanaa chaahiye, aur krodh, bhaya aur ghrina key uttejana koo dridhata seey aur lagaatar "prachaar" key madhyam seey janata key dimag mein daala jaanaa chaahiye."...ack sarkaar jisane yuddh key khatarnak aur bhayaanak udyam koo shuru karane kaa nirnay liya haye, usey shuru mein apani kaarravaai key auchitya mein ack tarfa mamla prastut karna chaahiye, aur kissy bhee vishesh mein sweekaar karane kaa jokhim naheen uthaa sakati haye, joe bhee logon kii or seey sabse chhote star kaa adhikaar yaa kaaran haye. tathyon koo vikrit kiya jaanaa chaahiye, praasangik paristhitiyon koo chhipaaya jaanaa chaahiye aur ack aisee tasveer prastut kii jaani chaahiye joe apane kachche rung seey agyaani logon koo yeh samajhaane mein madad karey kii unaki sarkaar nirdosh haye, unakaa kaaran nyaaypurna haye, aur dushman kii nirvivaad dushtata sawal seey parey saabit hoe gaee haye. ack pull kaa pratibimb kissy bhee uchit vyakti koo bataayega kii iss tarah kaa spasht purvagrah sambhavatah sachchai kaa pratinidhitva naheen curr sakata haye. lekin kshan key pratibimb kii anumati naheen haye; jhooth bahut teji seey prasaarit kiye jaate hain. aviveki janata unhein sweekaar karati haye aur unake utsaah seey baaki loga prabhaavit hotey hain. yuddh key samay mein deshbhakti key naam seey sabhi deshon mein joe kachra aur gumnami hoti haye, vaha sabhya logon koo nirash karane key liye paryaapt haye jaba way baad mein nirash hoe jaate hain.

