
fiorella costoris

fiorella costoris padoa-sheoppa (janm 5 maee 1945) ack italvi arthashastri hain joe rome vishvavidyalaya (laa sapienza) mein professor hain. vaha europe key college mein brajes mein professor bhee hain. unhone samashti arthshastra, shram, saarvajanik vitt, berojgari, pension sudhaar aur anya vishayon seey sambandhit vishayon parr vibhinn bhaashaon mein lagbhag sou lekh aur bees pustaken prakaashit kii hain. vaha march 2003 taka italvi swatantra lekin sarkaar dwara vitt poshit aarthik vichaar samooh, aaee. aiss. aeye. ee. kii adhyaksh theen. vaha europeeya aarthik neetiyon aur sansthanon parr ack pustak parr kaam curr rahee hain.
fiorella costoris kaa vivaah swargiya italvi arthashastri aur rajneta tomaso paado-sheoppa seey huaa thaa.
vyaktigat prishthabhoomi.
unakaa janm 1945 mein rome mein huaa thaa, lekin unakaa paalan-poshan ack yahudi parivaar mein huaa, jisane shiksha aur videshi bhaashaon key gyaan koo uchch mahatva diyaa. ack sakshatkar mein unhone bataaya kii kaise vaha apani kaksha mein kewal 5 chhatron mein seey ack theen, jinamen seey pratyek ney shikshak dwara pratham sthaan praapt karane key liye harr dinn pratispardha kii. unhone apani yuvavastha mein khud koo bahut vampanthi key roop mein varnit kiya haye, yahaan taka kii italvi communist party kii baithakon mein bhee bhaag liya haye (halanki communists ney ack alfa romeo giulia sports kaar mein aaney key liye unakaa majaak udaaya thaa). arthshastra mein milan key bokoni vishvavidyalaya seey snaatak honey key baad vaha sanyukt raajya america gaeen jahan unhone 1968 mein massachusets praudyogiki sansthaan mein snaatak kii degree arjit kii. america mein apane anubhav key baare mein unhone kahaa, "main ack [shaastriya] udaarvaadi key roop mein vaapas aaee, adhik aashvast kii samagr kalyan logon dwara apane swayam key vyaktigat kalyan kii talash mein adhikatam kiya jaataa haye. mitt mein vaha franco modigliani seey mileen aur baad mein unake ekatra kiye gaye patron kii sampaadak baneen.
unaki sabse prasiddh pustak "italeeh dha sheltered economy" (1993) haye jisamen unhone yeh mamla banaaya kii anya deshon kii tulanaa mein itali kii ack vishal aur hastakshepvadi sarkari aarthik neeti haye aur iss raajya kii kaarravaai aur viniyaman kaa adhikansh hissa ataarkik aur prati-kushal haye.
unaki vivadaspad neeti sifarish.
19 march 2004 koo costoris ney samachar patra mein ack lekh prakaashit kiya jiska sheershak thaa "yuna setlimana dee ferry parr relancia ell economy koo samaapt karein". costoris dwara diye gaye aankade bataate hain kii ausat italvi karyakarta apane poore currier mein apane europeeya aur uttari americi samkakshon kii tulanaa mein cumm ghante kaam kartaa haye. isake alawa, prati varsh kaam karane key ghanton kii sankhya dheere-dheere cumm hoe rahee haye. aggar iss pravritti koo ulat diyaa jaa sakata haye tou itali kii aarthik vriddhi badhegi. prati vyakti kaam key cumm ghanton key kaee kaaran hain; unamen jaldi sevaanivritti, naukari khojane mein deree, gair-anubandh sambandhit karanon seey hadtaal, saath hii anya deshon kii tulanaa mein adhik chhuttiyan shamil hain. kaam aur avkash key beach key vyaapaar koo spasht karane key liye costoris ney ganana kii kii yadi pratyek italvi ack saptah kaa samay chhod detaa haye tou gnp 0.3% seey 0.40% taka badh jaayega. iss vichaar kaa shuru mein italvi pradhaan mantri sylvio berlusconi dwara samarthan kiya gayaa thaa; 29 march koo sernobio mein ack bhaashan mein unhone kahaa kii "bahut saaree chhuttiyan hain. kuchh dinon key atirikt kaam seey gnp parr laabhkaari prabhaav padegaa. lekin janata kii pratikriya kaafee nakaratmak thee aur vichaar koo chupchaap chhod diyaa gayaa thaa.
jabaki costoris koo ack gulam chaalak key roop mein khilli udaai gaee thee joe logon koo kaam karane key liye majboor karna chaahata haye, usake lekh mein uthaaye gaye mool muddon koo gambhirta seey sambodhit naheen kiya gayaa thaa.

