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Q: Can raspberry cordial kill stomach bugs in contaminated water?
Have you ever used cordial to prevent gastro bugs? Have your say on the messageboard below.
For most of us, cordial is off the shopping list; we avoid it because it's full of sugar, bad for our teeth and some of its artificial colourings can make some kids hyperactive.
But raspberry cordial has some very loyal fans, who don't necessarily enjoy its sweet taste.
These people keep it in the pantry because they swear it can prevent  and possibly treat  stomach bugs. And they may be right, says microbiologist Dr Heather Cavanagh, whose research found some raspberry juice and blackcurrant juice cordials can kill at least 12 different types of nasty bacteria responsible for stomach bugs, including E. Coli and several strains of salmonella.
Cavanagh first became interested in the use of raspberry cordial as a preventative and treatment of stomach bugs when she heard that some farmers in parts of New South Wales and Victoria were adding raspberry cordial to their livestock's drinking water to treat diarrhoea.
She also began to hear stories of other people using raspberry cordial to treat stomach bugs: "I heard anecdotal reports from as far away as Queensland and Western Australia, I heard of how people used it to treat themselves and their family. Not just their animals".
So she decided to see if there was any science to support these anecdotal reports.
In the lab, Cavanagh tested juice made from a number of fresh berries  including raspberries, blackberries, blackcurrants, cranberries, mulberries, loganberries and boysenberries  as well as commercially available cordials made from these berries (these cordials were made with real berry juice, not apple juice and artificial colours as is sometimes the case).
These juices and cordials were then diluted down with water to different strengths, the strongest was one part water to five parts cordial and the weakest was 1:100. Then each type of bacteria was mixed with each of the berry drinks. The researchers found a number of the raspberry and blackcurrant juice cordials killed most of the bacteria.
And while there has been some speculation that it's the sugar content of cordials that kills bacteria, Cavanagh says there is something unique to raspberry and blackcurrant juices, which seems to be responsible.
Those cordials that had the best antibacterial properties contained at least 35 per cent raspberry or blackcurrant juice, and worked when diluted down to one part cordial in 10 parts water. Undiluted raspberry juice and blackcurrant juice worked just as well as the cordials.
But, Cavanagh says, there's a hitch. While her research suggests there's some truth to the red cordial story, there haven't been any clinical trials testing whether raspberry cordial can prevent or treat stomach bugs in humans or animals.
"We know for certain that adding the right amount of these cordials to water will reduce the number of bacteria in the water," she says.
"[But] we cannot say for certain that the cordial will definitely prevent stomach bugs in people, and we don't know yet if it will help as a treatment if you are already feeling sick. Although again there is some anecdotal evidence to suggest that it might."
And even if red cordial does work, stomach bugs (gastroenteritis) are caused by a range of things other than bacteria  such as viruses, parasites, and certain medications  and raspberry cordial won't help in these cases.
Also be careful about drinking too much cordial (even diluted at a 1:10 ratio) if you have vomiting or diarrhoea. Drinks with a high sugar content  such as undiluted soft drinks, sports drinks, juices or strong cordials  can promote fluid loss into the bowel and worsen dehydration, which is a risk for anyone with vomiting and diarrhoea.
Dr Heather Cavanagh is a senior lecturer in microbiology at the School of Biomedical Sciences at Charles Sturt University. She spoke to Claudine Ryan.

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Q : Can raspberry cordial kill stomach bugs in contaminated water ?
 Have you ever used cordial to prevent gastro bugs ? Have your say on the messageboard below .
 For most of us , cordial is off the shopping list ; we avoid it because it 's full of sugar , bad for our teeth and some of its artificial colourings can make some kids hyperactive .
 But raspberry cordial has some very loyal fans , who do n't necessarily enjoy its sweet taste .
 These people keep it in the pantry because they swear it can prevent  and possibly treat  stomach bugs . And they may be right , says microbiologist Dr Heather Cavanagh , whose research found some raspberry juice and blackcurrant juice cordials can kill at least 12 different types of nasty bacteria responsible for stomach bugs , including E. Coli and several strains of salmonella .
 Cavanagh first became interested in the use of raspberry cordial as a preventative and treatment of stomach bugs when she heard that some farmers in parts of New South Wales and Victoria were adding raspberry cordial to their livestock 's drinking water to treat diarrhoea .
 She also began to hear stories of other people using raspberry cordial to treat stomach bugs : " I heard anecdotal reports from as far away as Queensland and Western Australia , I heard of how people used it to treat themselves and their family . Not just their animals " .
 So she decided to see if there was any science to support these anecdotal reports .
 In the lab , Cavanagh tested juice made from a number of fresh berries  including raspberries , blackberries , blackcurrants , cranberries , mulberries , loganberries and boysenberries  as well as commercially available cordials made from these berries ( these cordials were made with real berry juice , not apple juice and artificial colours as is sometimes the case ) .
 These juices and cordials were then diluted down with water to different strengths , the strongest was one part water to five parts cordial and the weakest was 1:100 . Then each type of bacteria was mixed with each of the berry drinks . The researchers found a number of the raspberry and blackcurrant juice cordials killed most of the bacteria .
 And while there has been some speculation that it 's the sugar content of cordials that kills bacteria , Cavanagh says there is something unique to raspberry and blackcurrant juices , which seems to be responsible .
 Those cordials that had the best antibacterial properties contained at least 35 per cent raspberry or blackcurrant juice , and worked when diluted down to one part cordial in 10 parts water . Undiluted raspberry juice and blackcurrant juice worked just as well as the cordials .
 But , Cavanagh says , there 's a hitch . While her research suggests there 's some truth to the red cordial story , there have n't been any clinical trials testing whether raspberry cordial can prevent or treat stomach bugs in humans or animals .
 " We know for certain that adding the right amount of these cordials to water will reduce the number of bacteria in the water , " she says .
 " [ But ] we can not say for certain that the cordial will definitely prevent stomach bugs in people , and we do n't know yet if it will help as a treatment if you are already feeling sick . Although again there is some anecdotal evidence to suggest that it might . "
 And even if red cordial does work , stomach bugs ( gastroenteritis ) are caused by a range of things other than bacteria  such as viruses , parasites , and certain medications  and raspberry cordial wo n't help in these cases .
 Also be careful about drinking too much cordial ( even diluted at a 1:10 ratio ) if you have vomiting or diarrhoea . Drinks with a high sugar content  such as undiluted soft drinks , sports drinks , juices or strong cordials  can promote fluid loss into the bowel and worsen dehydration , which is a risk for anyone with vomiting and diarrhoea .
 Dr Heather Cavanagh is a senior lecturer in microbiology at the School of Biomedical Sciences at Charles Sturt University . She spoke to Claudine Ryan .


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SECURITY MANAGEMENT software and door control hardware are your business's first line of defense when it comes to loss prevention. Starr Telecom offers the Infinias access control system, which makes access control easy. Simply install one controller locally at each door and connect it to the nearest Power over Ethernet switch with a single Cat-5/6 cable.
Add doors anywhere your network goes, making it easy and cost effective to build a system one door at a time. Combine the door controller with our access management software to create a highly scalable solution that can be deployed within one building, or across multiple locations around the world.

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SECURITY MANAGEMENT software and door control hardware are your business 's first line of defense when it comes to loss prevention . Starr Telecom offers the Infinias access control system , which makes access control easy . Simply install one controller locally at each door and connect it to the nearest Power over Ethernet switch with a single Cat-5/6 cable .
 Add doors anywhere your network goes , making it easy and cost effective to build a system one door at a time . Combine the door controller with our access management software to create a highly scalable solution that can be deployed within one building , or across multiple locations around the world .


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The Shedim are not afraid of us.
There is no power short of Adonai which can hold them.
The Utukku are safe behind the veil.
Their Kings celebrate our suffering in the hidden lands.
The Rabisu know they can feed upon us and live forever.
The Jinn know their power and revel in it.
dusty rocks? The littlest sound, it is. Like a tinkle of a bell.
convey more fear in our hearts?
The Shedim are made of smoke and fire and their world is the same.
millennia we fought our primitive fights. Even now we barely live.
invisible places where we cannot see.
and only then, will the joke finally end.
years in the dirt. I could tell you of children who followed.
share the anguish and outrage that plagued my soul, but no.
Share my laughter instead. It is not bitter. It hides no malice.
laughter can. Hawwa will speak the word soon, and... you'll see!
heart will fill your throats and you too will be Sara, then.
stars. Laugh at the dogs in their costumes. Hah!
phrases were memorized and repeated as we do with scripture today.

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The Shedim are not afraid of us .
 There is no power short of Adonai which can hold them .
 The Utukku are safe behind the veil .
 Their Kings celebrate our suffering in the hidden lands .
 The Rabisu know they can feed upon us and live forever .
 The Jinn know their power and revel in it .
 dusty rocks ? The littlest sound , it is . Like a tinkle of a bell .
 convey more fear in our hearts ?
 The Shedim are made of smoke and fire and their world is the same .
 millennia we fought our primitive fights . Even now we barely live .
 invisible places where we can not see .
 and only then , will the joke finally end .
 years in the dirt . I could tell you of children who followed .
 share the anguish and outrage that plagued my soul , but no .
 Share my laughter instead . It is not bitter . It hides no malice .
 laughter can . Hawwa will speak the word soon , and ... you 'll see !
 heart will fill your throats and you too will be Sara , then .
 stars . Laugh at the dogs in their costumes . Hah !
 phrases were memorized and repeated as we do with scripture today .


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We provide a number of outdoor stages or hire services. Covered in stages are essential if your event is outside, given the weather we have! We can meet you at the location the stage is to go and we can assess the site, discuss your needs and find a solution that works for you. Our outdoor stage can come with audio and lighting or you can supply your own. We also offer crowd safety barriers (also known as mojo barriers).
We supply our trailer stage options all over the country for many types of events. We have 2 sizes to choose from depending on your budget and the nature of your event. Performance area is 8m x 6.5m, and for bigger events you can add on the extended PA wings giving you a 12m stage frontage. These are ideal for larger events and ideal for branding. We can also offer drum kit and keyboard risers with all our stages. If you are a performer or band who likes to interact with their audience, we can provide a ramp going into the crowd. Just ask for details.
We have a wide range of outdoor stage hire & crowd control solutions available. However, with every turnkey product and as every event hire is different, sometimes flexible staging solutions are required. Our stage platforms give you complete flexibility in your choice of stage size and height. Choose an open air or a covered option, single level or tiered option with wheelchair ramps. Stage & Lighting can build your outdoor stage design!
27m² stage area with various height ground support. The newest edition to the family! This provides the ideal solution for various applications. Ideal for small street concerts where set up time is restricted, street festivals, community events and as a VIP viewing platform.

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We provide a number of outdoor stages or hire services . Covered in stages are essential if your event is outside , given the weather we have ! We can meet you at the location the stage is to go and we can assess the site , discuss your needs and find a solution that works for you . Our outdoor stage can come with audio and lighting or you can supply your own . We also offer crowd safety barriers ( also known as mojo barriers ) .
 We supply our trailer stage options all over the country for many types of events . We have 2 sizes to choose from depending on your budget and the nature of your event . Performance area is 8 m x 6.5 m , and for bigger events you can add on the extended PA wings giving you a 12 m stage frontage . These are ideal for larger events and ideal for branding . We can also offer drum kit and keyboard risers with all our stages . If you are a performer or band who likes to interact with their audience , we can provide a ramp going into the crowd . Just ask for details .
 We have a wide range of outdoor stage hire & crowd control solutions available . However , with every turnkey product and as every event hire is different , sometimes flexible staging solutions are required . Our stage platforms give you complete flexibility in your choice of stage size and height . Choose an open air or a covered option , single level or tiered option with wheelchair ramps . Stage & Lighting can build your outdoor stage design !
 27 m² stage area with various height ground support . The newest edition to the family ! This provides the ideal solution for various applications . Ideal for small street concerts where set up time is restricted , street festivals , community events and as a VIP viewing platform .


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Join me from 10 am to 4 pm at Fire Om Earth, 872 Mill Hollow Rd., Eureka Springs, Arkansas, for a one-day work: Backyard Medicinals: Into the Wild with Steven Foster. This is the only Arkansas event I have scheduled for 2014!
For details go to Fire Om Earth’s workshop page.
Early bird registration deadline extended until April 15th. $75.00. After April 15th, $95.00.
Also checkout Melissa Clare’s Plant Spirit Communications event, and Lorna Trigg’s Creating a Medicine Wheel Garden at Fire Om Earth, April 27th. Make a weekend of it.
The Ozarks have nearly 3,000 species of plants, which includes about 25% that are edible and medicinal, perhaps 500 species. It is helpful to understand that different plants occur in different habitats. We will look at which plants you might find in a specific habitat. Spring is our best season for wild edibles and medicinal plants, the time when we get dandelion greens, wild onions, pepper grass, plantain, pokeweed, and purslane, among others and a good time of year to enjoy edible flowers such as violets and elderflowers. Come prepared to learn, enjoy, and ask questions.
Japanese honeysuckle, to some a weed, to me a medicinal plant.
In segments of the conservation community the question has arisen as to whether the possibility exists that some plants considered weeds in the United States may have some kind of economic value in terms of medicinal or food use that could translate into a commercial harvest, and hence an opportunity to control the weeds.
Japanese honeysuckle produces two major ingredients in Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM). The flowers are known as jin yin hua which consists of the dried, unopened buds of Japanese honeysuckle. Another product is the dried stems with leaves attached known as ren dong teng. The Chinese name jin yin hua means gold and silver flower. This refers to the fact that the white flowers turn golden yellow one or two days after blooming. The Chinese name, referring to the stems with the leaves attached, ren dong, means “stand in winter” in reference to the fact that the leaves are evergreen.
more info…….well come to the workshop!!!!

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Join me from 10 am to 4 pm at Fire Om Earth , 872 Mill Hollow Rd . , Eureka Springs , Arkansas , for a one - day work : Backyard Medicinals : Into the Wild with Steven Foster . This is the only Arkansas event I have scheduled for 2014 !
 For details go to Fire Om Earth ’s workshop page .
 Early bird registration deadline extended until April 15th . $ 75.00 . After April 15th , $ 95.00 .
 Also checkout Melissa Clare ’s Plant Spirit Communications event , and Lorna Trigg ’s Creating a Medicine Wheel Garden at Fire Om Earth , April 27th . Make a weekend of it .
 The Ozarks have nearly 3,000 species of plants , which includes about 25 % that are edible and medicinal , perhaps 500 species . It is helpful to understand that different plants occur in different habitats . We will look at which plants you might find in a specific habitat . Spring is our best season for wild edibles and medicinal plants , the time when we get dandelion greens , wild onions , pepper grass , plantain , pokeweed , and purslane , among others and a good time of year to enjoy edible flowers such as violets and elderflowers . Come prepared to learn , enjoy , and ask questions .
 Japanese honeysuckle , to some a weed , to me a medicinal plant .
 In segments of the conservation community the question has arisen as to whether the possibility exists that some plants considered weeds in the United States may have some kind of economic value in terms of medicinal or food use that could translate into a commercial harvest , and hence an opportunity to control the weeds .
 Japanese honeysuckle produces two major ingredients in Traditional Chinese Medicine ( TCM ) . The flowers are known as jin yin hua which consists of the dried , unopened buds of Japanese honeysuckle . Another product is the dried stems with leaves attached known as ren dong teng . The Chinese name jin yin hua means gold and silver flower . This refers to the fact that the white flowers turn golden yellow one or two days after blooming . The Chinese name , referring to the stems with the leaves attached , ren dong , means “ stand in winter ” in reference to the fact that the leaves are evergreen .
 more info…….well come to the workshop ! ! ! !


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Major life transitions can be stressful, scary, or devastating.
Have you experienced one of these major life transitions?
These life transitions are the difficult realities of life — change is inevitable and major changes like these rock our world, emotionally and psychologically. We work hard to achieve success, stability, and security. Just when we think we’ve arrived, that things are going well and we have some balance in life, a major life transition can result in emotional turmoil and mental confusion.
Life transitions can be very challenging, and they’re often an opportunity for personal growth and development.
Change and major life transitions are inevitable. Our counseling and therapy staff specialize in supporting and guiding people through these difficult and challenging experiences.

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Major life transitions can be stressful , scary , or devastating .
 Have you experienced one of these major life transitions ?
 These life transitions are the difficult realities of life — change is inevitable and major changes like these rock our world , emotionally and psychologically . We work hard to achieve success , stability , and security . Just when we think we ’ve arrived , that things are going well and we have some balance in life , a major life transition can result in emotional turmoil and mental confusion .
 Life transitions can be very challenging , and they ’re often an opportunity for personal growth and development .
 Change and major life transitions are inevitable . Our counseling and therapy staff specialize in supporting and guiding people through these difficult and challenging experiences .


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Since 1916, our club has been advocating for the preservation and enjoyment of the Great Outdoors. From the inception of the Appalachian Trail, we have helped to build and maintain our 65-mile section of the AT and its cabins, shelters, monuments, and rest stops between Pennsylvania's Lehigh and Susquehanna Rivers.
Become a Steward of the great Appalachian Trail ... AND HAVE FUN!
Join BMECC to hike with us, help with our conservation mission and special projects, and meet interesting, like-minded people like you!
We lead club hikes on the Appalachian Trail and locations in Pennsylvania's beautiful Berks and Lehigh Counties ... and beyond. We also schedule bike rides, cultural events, educational programs, camping trips, lunches & dinners, and all sorts of outdoor activities. Check the schedule to see how much fun we can pack into a month!
We are very proud of our role as a builder and caretaker of the Appalachian Trail. We hold frequent work trips on our section of the AT, which includes seven shelters, club monuments, and numerous vistas. Join us to help preserve this amazing American treasure.
Stories, anecdotes, and photos from our members' experiences in the Great Outdoors!
The club owns and maintains the Rentschler Arboretum, a beautiful, 34-acre tract of land and Kalbach Pavilion, in the foothills of the Blue Mountains near Bernville, PA. Monthly club meetings are held here. Everyone is invited!

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Since 1916 , our club has been advocating for the preservation and enjoyment of the Great Outdoors . From the inception of the Appalachian Trail , we have helped to build and maintain our 65 - mile section of the AT and its cabins , shelters , monuments , and rest stops between Pennsylvania 's Lehigh and Susquehanna Rivers .
 Become a Steward of the great Appalachian Trail ... AND HAVE FUN !
 Join BMECC to hike with us , help with our conservation mission and special projects , and meet interesting , like - minded people like you !
 We lead club hikes on the Appalachian Trail and locations in Pennsylvania 's beautiful Berks and Lehigh Counties ... and beyond . We also schedule bike rides , cultural events , educational programs , camping trips , lunches & dinners , and all sorts of outdoor activities . Check the schedule to see how much fun we can pack into a month !
 We are very proud of our role as a builder and caretaker of the Appalachian Trail . We hold frequent work trips on our section of the AT , which includes seven shelters , club monuments , and numerous vistas . Join us to help preserve this amazing American treasure .
 Stories , anecdotes , and photos from our members ' experiences in the Great Outdoors !
 The club owns and maintains the Rentschler Arboretum , a beautiful , 34 - acre tract of land and Kalbach Pavilion , in the foothills of the Blue Mountains near Bernville , PA . Monthly club meetings are held here . Everyone is invited !


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Close on the heels of Prime Minister Sh Narendra Modi's Swachh Bharat Abhiyaan, the Gian Sagar College and Hospital scrubbed clean village Fatehpur Garhi on outskirts of Rajpura under its Swasth Bharat Abhiyaan.Chairman and Senior Oncologist Dr. Barjinder Singh of the institute said that the keeping in view the unhygienic conditions prevalent in village,s the college decided to adopt this village, involve its people and clean the village that has population of 800 people.“The village comes under village adoption scheme of the Gian Sagar Medical College and Hospital. Under this a team of eight doctors of various specialties visited door-to-door for the OPD’s of the villagers residing in the village. The referred patients were provided free bus service, along with the discount on their procedures and investigations and as well as pharmacy, which extended up to 15 discounts,” he said.
Having completed the free medical services as a part of its adoption scheme, the team of Gian Sagar Medical College and Hospital thereafter took up the gargantuan task of cleaning and tidying up the village. General Manager, Marketing Natasha Chopra added when team reached the village, surroundings and sewer system was in pathetic state. “Village’s pits were full of polybags, waste lay strewn and there were bushes along the road. The drains overflowed with sewer water, which formed puddles on road. In absence of proper bins for dumping garbage, the waste was strewn around in the village," she said.
Teams were pided and places were allotted, so that the teams can work efficiently and effectively. For this a team eleven members were sent to the village. After all the formalities and authorities taken from the sarpanch of the village, the team started its two days task of cleaning the whole village from one corner to another.Time to time villagers were given knowledge about cleanliness, about cleaning the places, keeping the roads clean. A meeting was organized with sarpanch in order to clarify people about importance of maintaining hygiene. Lectures on waste management shall be organized from time to time for the villagers as a part of orientation.Along with the villagers, team from Gian Sagar Medical College worked hard, devoting their time and drained off their sweat Drains were cleaned, big piles of garbage were taken off to the places where all the garbage was thrown Gian Sagar shall also be providing garbage bins to the village, so that the villagers throw all the trash into the bins. He added that instiute aims at adopting more villages in similar way.

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Close on the heels of Prime Minister Sh Narendra Modi 's Swachh Bharat Abhiyaan , the Gian Sagar College and Hospital scrubbed clean village Fatehpur Garhi on outskirts of Rajpura under its Swasth Bharat Abhiyaan . Chairman and Senior Oncologist Dr. Barjinder Singh of the institute said that the keeping in view the unhygienic conditions prevalent in village , s the college decided to adopt this village , involve its people and clean the village that has population of 800 people . “The village comes under village adoption scheme of the Gian Sagar Medical College and Hospital . Under this a team of eight doctors of various specialties visited door - to - door for the OPD ’s of the villagers residing in the village . The referred patients were provided free bus service , along with the discount on their procedures and investigations and as well as pharmacy , which extended up to 15 discounts , ” he said .
 Having completed the free medical services as a part of its adoption scheme , the team of Gian Sagar Medical College and Hospital thereafter took up the gargantuan task of cleaning and tidying up the village . General Manager , Marketing Natasha Chopra added when team reached the village , surroundings and sewer system was in pathetic state . “ Village ’s pits were full of polybags , waste lay strewn and there were bushes along the road . The drains overflowed with sewer water , which formed puddles on road . In absence of proper bins for dumping garbage , the waste was strewn around in the village , " she said .
 Teams were pided and places were allotted , so that the teams can work efficiently and effectively . For this a team eleven members were sent to the village . After all the formalities and authorities taken from the sarpanch of the village , the team started its two days task of cleaning the whole village from one corner to another . Time to time villagers were given knowledge about cleanliness , about cleaning the places , keeping the roads clean . A meeting was organized with sarpanch in order to clarify people about importance of maintaining hygiene . Lectures on waste management shall be organized from time to time for the villagers as a part of orientation . Along with the villagers , team from Gian Sagar Medical College worked hard , devoting their time and drained off their sweat Drains were cleaned , big piles of garbage were taken off to the places where all the garbage was thrown Gian Sagar shall also be providing garbage bins to the village , so that the villagers throw all the trash into the bins . He added that instiute aims at adopting more villages in similar way .


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The Rising Star Award is awarded to a young professional with 7 or fewer years of experience who has shown great commitment to the profession and community.
The Rising Star Award is announced at The Hill Lighthouse Young Awards ceremony in May.
Cleveland Rocks Awards, acknowledging outstanding public relations programs incorporating sound research, planning, execution and evaluation. More information on this event is available here.

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The Rising Star Award is awarded to a young professional with 7 or fewer years of experience who has shown great commitment to the profession and community .
 The Rising Star Award is announced at The Hill Lighthouse Young Awards ceremony in May .
 Cleveland Rocks Awards , acknowledging outstanding public relations programs incorporating sound research , planning , execution and evaluation . More information on this event is available here .


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This essay is the first of a six-part collaboration between Benjamin Bovarnick (FES ’18) and Sara Harari (FES ’19, SOM ’19). The collection closely examines the barriers facing adoption of new, advanced energy technologies that can revolutionize electric grid operations and utility business models and spark potential solutions to elicit faster transformation in this expansive industry.
When Tesla unveiled the utility-scale Powerpack battery in 2015, analysts and observers excitedly proclaimed the product’s low price point would revolutionize electric grid operations and business models as it set new cost benchmarks for energy storage. But despite the hype, the reception from utilities was tepid at best.
This experience is not unique to Tesla. It leads to a big question: What’s stopping utilities from quickly pivoting to new energy technologies? Unlike other industries that can quickly adopt new technology, utilities and their regulators must make more cautious deliberations.
Utilities operate differently than other industries. They must balance service obligations, regulatory oversight, and investor preferences. And utilities must navigate relationships with third-party stakeholders and technology providers.
In this series of articles, we will closely examine the barriers facing adoption of new, advanced energy technologies that can revolutionize United States electric grids and utility business models. Through interviews with key stakeholders, we will highlight solutions to stimulate transformation in this expansive industry. Let’s kick things off by looking at the key stakeholders in this sector and their top priorities.
Utilities come in all shapes, sizes, and structures.
68 percent of people in the United States get their electricity from investor-owned utilities (IOUs). IOUs are owned and managed by shareholders who receive a regulated return on investment.
After IOUs, government-owned-and-operated utilities serve the next-most electric customers.
Municipal utilities are owned by local governments and managed by elected officials or public employees. They only serve customers within their municipal boundaries or in immediately surrounding areas.
State public power authorities like the Long Island Power Authority and federal power marketing administrations like the Bonneville Power Administration also own and operate electric generation and transmission infrastructure on a not-for-profit basis.
Finally, utility cooperatives are nonprofit utilities that are owned and operated by their customers. This allows the customers to have greater influence over utility operations. Co-ops are particularly prevalent in the central and western United States.
Electric utilities may operate as electric generators, manage transmission and distribution services, or do both. The nature of each utility’s role depends on its state’s regulation. It also depends on whether the state permits vertical integration. Vertical integration allows utilities to provide generation, transmission and distribution services.
Historically, state regulatory commissions oversaw electricity markets within state borders. These regulatory commissions allowed utilities to operate as regulated monopolies which could provide customers with electricity generation, transmission, and distribution. In the 1990s, some states chose to deregulate their generation markets. This allowed competition between existing utilities and independent power producers.
In states that deregulated their electric sectors, utilities are barred or limited from simultaneously owning electricity generation and operating distribution services.
What are their roles in advanced-energy-technology adoption?
Utilities play a central role in fostering demand for new technologies. As electric grid owners and operators, utilities have a crucial say in what is deployed onto the system.
Decisions about how to maintain a reliable, cost-effective grid are largely defined by utilities. When new hardware such as smart meters or software like blockchain data collection is developed, utilities are responsible for evaluating, financing and installing these systems.
They must determine how long-term planning decisions incorporate new technologies. This includes evaluating whether new energy technologies will achieve the reliability and maturity demonstrated by conventional technology. Many innovative technologies have a higher perceived risk that can make utilities cautious. Utilities may also hesitate to adopt technologies if they are uncertain regulators will permit recovery of the investment.
Utilities are obligated to provide safe and uninterrupted electricity access to any customers within their service territories. This electricity must be provided at “just and reasonable” rates and in an indiscriminate fashion.
These obligations form the foundation of the “regulatory compact,” an agreement between the utility and its regulators. The regulatory compact gives a utility the right to operate in a protected, uncompetitive market territory in exchange for meeting its obligations. This structure allows IOUs to recover operating expenses and earn a “reasonable” return on new investments. Utilities are compelled to satisfy their side of the regulatory compact in the most efficient and effective way possible.
However, policymakers and regulators can heavily influence utility actions to maintain this compact. Public officials may also dictate the investments utilities can make.
There are many different government entities that help regulate and guide energy policy. These groups can range from local public officials to international agencies.
PUCs: Each state has a Public Utility Commission (PUC) or similar entity responsible for regulating the rates and services of utilities. Commissioners can be appointed or elected depending on state laws.
When a utility wishes to recoup expenses through ratepayers, the costs must be approved by the PUC. For instance, if a utility wants to install smart meters throughout its distribution network, the utility can petition the PUC to allow it pass the cost along to its customers through electric rates. This gives the PUC a linchpin role in many of the debates surrounding technology adoption. State PUCs regulate other utility services such as natural gas and water, but this series focuses exclusively on their electric regulation.
States: The policy directives from state elected officials and state agencies can change with each election. Some public officials may advocate for incorporating renewable energy and new technologies to the grid. Other officials are more sympathetic towards maintaining the status quo.
In either case, motivated elected officials can influence the way regulators and utilities gauge new technologies. State regulatory bodies generally operate on an independent basis from elected officials. However, they can make policy decisions or recommendations based on directives from elected officials or legislation.
FERC: The United States Constitution gives the federal government oversight in inter-state trade matters. As energy flows freely between states, particularly those within the same electric transmission regions, the Federal Energy Regulatory Commission (FERC) also has a say in how the grid is operated.
FERC issues standards on interstate energy transmission and electricity wholesale markets. Although FERC does not typically deal with the day-to-day operations of electric utilities, the commission can have a clear influence on what technologies utilities decide to invest in. This influence stems from decisions the commission makes on who can compete in electricity markets and what technologies get rewarded for participation.
Although utilities ultimately decide what technologies to adopt, government entities can have enormous sway over their investment decisions. Open communication channels between utilities and public officials can create more achievable policy measures. Some of the most interesting programs we plan to review in this series come from states where the utilities view government entities as partners and collaborate on new programs.
Legislators and executive agencies are public servants who are responsible for serving their constituents. Often, they must confer with industry leaders, academic experts, and advocacy organizations about the role of new technologies. This can help public officials better understand how different policies can optimally benefit their communities or society at large.
When working with the electric industry, public officials may push utilities to adopt specific agendas. They may support more environmentally friendly technologies. They may encourage efforts to reduce electricity costs as much as possible for consumers. They may support investments in infrastructure resiliency to mitigate potential power outages. Often, these priorities may contradict each other. For instance, a more resilient grid may result in a higher electricity price. Policy makers must weigh competing priorities to chart a course that best serves their constituents.
PUCs and FERC have more narrow priorities. They are expected to work with electric transmission operators oversee energy markets and regulate infrastructure investment. Their mission is to ensure electricity markets operate reliably and efficiently. They uphold the regulatory compact that exists between utilities and their customers. They evaluate how changes in grid infrastructure might compromise or impede optimal service. PUCs are also responsible for maintaining reasonably low rates by approving prudent grid investments.
NERC, ISOs, and RTOs: The North American Electric Reliability Corporation (NERC) is a nonprofit that covers the United States, Canada, and parts of northern Mexico. NERC ensures the reliability of the bulk power system through a series of operational standards.
There are nine independent system operators (ISOs) and regional transmission operators (RTOs) within the NERC region, seven in the United States, and two in Canada. These ISOs and RTOs support electric grid reliability and operate wholesale electricity markets. The NERC, ISOs, and RTOs are also responsible for regional assessments of future growth. They must ensure that there will be sufficient power in the future to supply load growth.
In parts of the country that do not fall within an ISO or RTO territory, vertically integrated utilities operate the regional transmission infrastructure. They also conduct independent projections of future electricity demand.
The rate base is the electric generation, transmission and distribution infrastructure that utilities own for the purpose of serving customers. It is known as a rate base because utilities calculate the electric rates they bill to customers based on the cost of these investments.
When a utility wants to develop new infrastructure projects, it will typically submit a petition to the PUC to include these new investments in the rate base. Including a new investment in the rate base helps the utility ensure a steady return on the investment and mitigate risk associated with the project.
This petition is often examined by a state-designated ratepayer advocate who considers whether the investment should result in electric rate increases for utility customers. This can help limit the degree to which electric customers see their bills rise after newly proposed utility investments.
Electricity Advocates: Many other groups also work to influence electricity planning and procurement decisions. These groups include environmental advocacy groups, professional organizations, equipment vendors, and industry lobbyists. These organizations can play a vital role in enabling stakeholders to influence technology decisions.
Technology Entrepreneurs: Anyone developing the next new advanced energy technology, from world-renowned companies like Tesla to three guys in a garage, has an interest in electric grid planning decisions. New technology is being developed all the time and most of it, for one reason or another, never makes it to the prime time. Technology entrepreneurs can improve their chances of success by understanding how utilities and regulators consider the role of new technologies in planning and investment decisions.
Independent Power Producers: In deregulated states, utilities are generally subject to limitations on the generation that they can own. Independent power producers (IPPs) own and operate power plants in these states. They sell power to customers under bilateral contracts or to the wholesale electric market through ISO markets.
Power plants must be certified by utility regulators before they can sell to the market. These companies operate similarly to electric-generation utilities and are often subject to similar wholesale-electricity-market regulations. However, they do not set regulated prices for electricity and they are not bound by the utility regulatory compact.
Private Equity: Companies that invest in the energy sector, whether in traditional utilities and power plants or in advanced-energy-technology developers, also have a vested interest in technology adoption. Private equity investors can hold incredible sway in technology adoption. Attracting the interest of equity investors can mean the difference between a good idea and an actionable reality for new technologies.
Each stakeholder, according to their priorities, may advocate for or attempt to block advanced energy technology. Advanced energy technologies will generally, due to their nature, have an uncertain impact on the grid. This leads to heavy debate between all parties about whether different technologies should be incorporated, how to fund demonstration projects, and what is the best way to minimize risk.
Independent system operators typically favor technologies that will maximize electric grid reliability and future planning abilities.
Ratepayer advocates generally support investment and planning decisions that minimize increases in electric rates, and optimize service for ratepayers.
Environmental advocates seek to promote more sustainable and environmentally friendly technologies and practices.
Technology entrepreneurs develop advanced energy technology and seek new market opportunities to deploy their products. These efforts may or may not be advanced through regulatory reforms. Private equity can sometimes sponsor this action.
Independent power producers may have more flexibility to adopt new technology than a traditional utility, but they incur all risks of upfront capital investments. They cannot recover these costs from ratepayers.
Stakeholders are rarely uniform in their interests, particularly when compared with the other sectors highlighted in this piece. Each organization represents the interests of their communities or investors.
ISOs and RTOs may prioritize investments in grid reliability. Meanwhile, technology entrepreneurs are interested in new pilot programs.
Ratepayer advocates tend to resist new investments if the cost burden will be borne by customers. Environmental advocates prefer that investment decisions include metrics for the costs of environmental degradation. These priorities do not necessarily conflict with one another, but they may compete at times. The competing preferences of stakeholders can add complexity and challenges to utility planning processes.
The relationships between electric-industry stakeholders provide the foundation for collaborative approaches which can optimize electric grid operations and services. Understanding the competing priorities of different stakeholders as well as the unique insight each party provides can help accelerate integration of advanced energy technologies into utility infrastructure.
In forthcoming articles, we will delve further into the specific roles of these stakeholders and the ways that each party can help overcome the barriers facing advanced energy technologies.

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This essay is the first of a six - part collaboration between Benjamin Bovarnick ( FES ’ 18 ) and Sara Harari ( FES ’ 19 , SOM ’ 19 ) . The collection closely examines the barriers facing adoption of new , advanced energy technologies that can revolutionize electric grid operations and utility business models and spark potential solutions to elicit faster transformation in this expansive industry .
 When Tesla unveiled the utility - scale Powerpack battery in 2015 , analysts and observers excitedly proclaimed the product ’s low price point would revolutionize electric grid operations and business models as it set new cost benchmarks for energy storage . But despite the hype , the reception from utilities was tepid at best .
 This experience is not unique to Tesla . It leads to a big question : What ’s stopping utilities from quickly pivoting to new energy technologies ? Unlike other industries that can quickly adopt new technology , utilities and their regulators must make more cautious deliberations .
 Utilities operate differently than other industries . They must balance service obligations , regulatory oversight , and investor preferences . And utilities must navigate relationships with third - party stakeholders and technology providers .
 In this series of articles , we will closely examine the barriers facing adoption of new , advanced energy technologies that can revolutionize United States electric grids and utility business models . Through interviews with key stakeholders , we will highlight solutions to stimulate transformation in this expansive industry . Let ’s kick things off by looking at the key stakeholders in this sector and their top priorities .
 Utilities come in all shapes , sizes , and structures .
 68 percent of people in the United States get their electricity from investor - owned utilities ( IOUs ) . IOUs are owned and managed by shareholders who receive a regulated return on investment .
 After IOUs , government - owned - and - operated utilities serve the next - most electric customers .
 Municipal utilities are owned by local governments and managed by elected officials or public employees . They only serve customers within their municipal boundaries or in immediately surrounding areas .
 State public power authorities like the Long Island Power Authority and federal power marketing administrations like the Bonneville Power Administration also own and operate electric generation and transmission infrastructure on a not - for - profit basis .
 Finally , utility cooperatives are nonprofit utilities that are owned and operated by their customers . This allows the customers to have greater influence over utility operations . Co - ops are particularly prevalent in the central and western United States .
 Electric utilities may operate as electric generators , manage transmission and distribution services , or do both . The nature of each utility ’s role depends on its state ’s regulation . It also depends on whether the state permits vertical integration . Vertical integration allows utilities to provide generation , transmission and distribution services .
 Historically , state regulatory commissions oversaw electricity markets within state borders . These regulatory commissions allowed utilities to operate as regulated monopolies which could provide customers with electricity generation , transmission , and distribution . In the 1990s , some states chose to deregulate their generation markets . This allowed competition between existing utilities and independent power producers .
 In states that deregulated their electric sectors , utilities are barred or limited from simultaneously owning electricity generation and operating distribution services .
 What are their roles in advanced - energy - technology adoption ?
 Utilities play a central role in fostering demand for new technologies . As electric grid owners and operators , utilities have a crucial say in what is deployed onto the system .
 Decisions about how to maintain a reliable , cost - effective grid are largely defined by utilities . When new hardware such as smart meters or software like blockchain data collection is developed , utilities are responsible for evaluating , financing and installing these systems .
 They must determine how long - term planning decisions incorporate new technologies . This includes evaluating whether new energy technologies will achieve the reliability and maturity demonstrated by conventional technology . Many innovative technologies have a higher perceived risk that can make utilities cautious . Utilities may also hesitate to adopt technologies if they are uncertain regulators will permit recovery of the investment .
 Utilities are obligated to provide safe and uninterrupted electricity access to any customers within their service territories . This electricity must be provided at “ just and reasonable ” rates and in an indiscriminate fashion .
 These obligations form the foundation of the “ regulatory compact , ” an agreement between the utility and its regulators . The regulatory compact gives a utility the right to operate in a protected , uncompetitive market territory in exchange for meeting its obligations . This structure allows IOUs to recover operating expenses and earn a “ reasonable ” return on new investments . Utilities are compelled to satisfy their side of the regulatory compact in the most efficient and effective way possible .
 However , policymakers and regulators can heavily influence utility actions to maintain this compact . Public officials may also dictate the investments utilities can make .
 There are many different government entities that help regulate and guide energy policy . These groups can range from local public officials to international agencies .
 PUCs : Each state has a Public Utility Commission ( PUC ) or similar entity responsible for regulating the rates and services of utilities . Commissioners can be appointed or elected depending on state laws .
 When a utility wishes to recoup expenses through ratepayers , the costs must be approved by the PUC . For instance , if a utility wants to install smart meters throughout its distribution network , the utility can petition the PUC to allow it pass the cost along to its customers through electric rates . This gives the PUC a linchpin role in many of the debates surrounding technology adoption . State PUCs regulate other utility services such as natural gas and water , but this series focuses exclusively on their electric regulation .
 States : The policy directives from state elected officials and state agencies can change with each election . Some public officials may advocate for incorporating renewable energy and new technologies to the grid . Other officials are more sympathetic towards maintaining the status quo .
 In either case , motivated elected officials can influence the way regulators and utilities gauge new technologies . State regulatory bodies generally operate on an independent basis from elected officials . However , they can make policy decisions or recommendations based on directives from elected officials or legislation .
 FERC : The United States Constitution gives the federal government oversight in inter - state trade matters . As energy flows freely between states , particularly those within the same electric transmission regions , the Federal Energy Regulatory Commission ( FERC ) also has a say in how the grid is operated .
 FERC issues standards on interstate energy transmission and electricity wholesale markets . Although FERC does not typically deal with the day - to - day operations of electric utilities , the commission can have a clear influence on what technologies utilities decide to invest in . This influence stems from decisions the commission makes on who can compete in electricity markets and what technologies get rewarded for participation .
 Although utilities ultimately decide what technologies to adopt , government entities can have enormous sway over their investment decisions . Open communication channels between utilities and public officials can create more achievable policy measures . Some of the most interesting programs we plan to review in this series come from states where the utilities view government entities as partners and collaborate on new programs .
 Legislators and executive agencies are public servants who are responsible for serving their constituents . Often , they must confer with industry leaders , academic experts , and advocacy organizations about the role of new technologies . This can help public officials better understand how different policies can optimally benefit their communities or society at large .
 When working with the electric industry , public officials may push utilities to adopt specific agendas . They may support more environmentally friendly technologies . They may encourage efforts to reduce electricity costs as much as possible for consumers . They may support investments in infrastructure resiliency to mitigate potential power outages . Often , these priorities may contradict each other . For instance , a more resilient grid may result in a higher electricity price . Policy makers must weigh competing priorities to chart a course that best serves their constituents .
 PUCs and FERC have more narrow priorities . They are expected to work with electric transmission operators oversee energy markets and regulate infrastructure investment . Their mission is to ensure electricity markets operate reliably and efficiently . They uphold the regulatory compact that exists between utilities and their customers . They evaluate how changes in grid infrastructure might compromise or impede optimal service . PUCs are also responsible for maintaining reasonably low rates by approving prudent grid investments .
 NERC , ISOs , and RTOs : The North American Electric Reliability Corporation ( NERC ) is a nonprofit that covers the United States , Canada , and parts of northern Mexico . NERC ensures the reliability of the bulk power system through a series of operational standards .
 There are nine independent system operators ( ISOs ) and regional transmission operators ( RTOs ) within the NERC region , seven in the United States , and two in Canada . These ISOs and RTOs support electric grid reliability and operate wholesale electricity markets . The NERC , ISOs , and RTOs are also responsible for regional assessments of future growth . They must ensure that there will be sufficient power in the future to supply load growth .
 In parts of the country that do not fall within an ISO or RTO territory , vertically integrated utilities operate the regional transmission infrastructure . They also conduct independent projections of future electricity demand .
 The rate base is the electric generation , transmission and distribution infrastructure that utilities own for the purpose of serving customers . It is known as a rate base because utilities calculate the electric rates they bill to customers based on the cost of these investments .
 When a utility wants to develop new infrastructure projects , it will typically submit a petition to the PUC to include these new investments in the rate base . Including a new investment in the rate base helps the utility ensure a steady return on the investment and mitigate risk associated with the project .
 This petition is often examined by a state - designated ratepayer advocate who considers whether the investment should result in electric rate increases for utility customers . This can help limit the degree to which electric customers see their bills rise after newly proposed utility investments .
 Electricity Advocates : Many other groups also work to influence electricity planning and procurement decisions . These groups include environmental advocacy groups , professional organizations , equipment vendors , and industry lobbyists . These organizations can play a vital role in enabling stakeholders to influence technology decisions .
 Technology Entrepreneurs : Anyone developing the next new advanced energy technology , from world - renowned companies like Tesla to three guys in a garage , has an interest in electric grid planning decisions . New technology is being developed all the time and most of it , for one reason or another , never makes it to the prime time . Technology entrepreneurs can improve their chances of success by understanding how utilities and regulators consider the role of new technologies in planning and investment decisions .
 Independent Power Producers : In deregulated states , utilities are generally subject to limitations on the generation that they can own . Independent power producers ( IPPs ) own and operate power plants in these states . They sell power to customers under bilateral contracts or to the wholesale electric market through ISO markets .
 Power plants must be certified by utility regulators before they can sell to the market . These companies operate similarly to electric - generation utilities and are often subject to similar wholesale - electricity - market regulations . However , they do not set regulated prices for electricity and they are not bound by the utility regulatory compact .
 Private Equity : Companies that invest in the energy sector , whether in traditional utilities and power plants or in advanced - energy - technology developers , also have a vested interest in technology adoption . Private equity investors can hold incredible sway in technology adoption . Attracting the interest of equity investors can mean the difference between a good idea and an actionable reality for new technologies .
 Each stakeholder , according to their priorities , may advocate for or attempt to block advanced energy technology . Advanced energy technologies will generally , due to their nature , have an uncertain impact on the grid . This leads to heavy debate between all parties about whether different technologies should be incorporated , how to fund demonstration projects , and what is the best way to minimize risk .
 Independent system operators typically favor technologies that will maximize electric grid reliability and future planning abilities .
 Ratepayer advocates generally support investment and planning decisions that minimize increases in electric rates , and optimize service for ratepayers .
 Environmental advocates seek to promote more sustainable and environmentally friendly technologies and practices .
 Technology entrepreneurs develop advanced energy technology and seek new market opportunities to deploy their products . These efforts may or may not be advanced through regulatory reforms . Private equity can sometimes sponsor this action .
 Independent power producers may have more flexibility to adopt new technology than a traditional utility , but they incur all risks of upfront capital investments . They can not recover these costs from ratepayers .
 Stakeholders are rarely uniform in their interests , particularly when compared with the other sectors highlighted in this piece . Each organization represents the interests of their communities or investors .
 ISOs and RTOs may prioritize investments in grid reliability . Meanwhile , technology entrepreneurs are interested in new pilot programs .
 Ratepayer advocates tend to resist new investments if the cost burden will be borne by customers . Environmental advocates prefer that investment decisions include metrics for the costs of environmental degradation . These priorities do not necessarily conflict with one another , but they may compete at times . The competing preferences of stakeholders can add complexity and challenges to utility planning processes .
 The relationships between electric - industry stakeholders provide the foundation for collaborative approaches which can optimize electric grid operations and services . Understanding the competing priorities of different stakeholders as well as the unique insight each party provides can help accelerate integration of advanced energy technologies into utility infrastructure .
 In forthcoming articles , we will delve further into the specific roles of these stakeholders and the ways that each party can help overcome the barriers facing advanced energy technologies .


text:
In my project I have a Unity WebGL build running from the content collection. There is also a .txt file in the content collection that I am using to hold specific set up information about the project, and I can successfully access the .txt file using www requests. The goal is to have an administrator section of my game where the instructor could view and modify the data stored in the .txt file with minimal knowledge of the system. This is important because it lets the teacher tailor the game to the needs of the class with minimal effort. I know that the correct way to do this is using Blackboard learn web services to set up a web request that will then write the data to the content collection, but due to certain restrictions (time, money, my lack of experience with servers) this route is a last option.
I think that there is a better architecture for your project based in the LTI standard.
You will develop a standalone web application known as LTI Provider, which provides your game in an iframe or a new window, (where your game will live). In Blackboard Learn you will provide a link to your application as a content or a tool, and when a user clicks the link a request to your server will be performed. This request will contain all the authentication and context information your application needs to be sure that the user is logged, who is he, which course, content and institution is in, which role he has in the course and other details. With this information your application will be able to show the scene for the administrator if he is an instructor, keep in a database or xls file the progress of the user or even, using the LTI Outcomes services, send grades to the Blackboard Learn Grades Center.
You can combine this technologies with the Blackboard Learn REST API if you need a higher integration level, but with the LTI standard you'll have most of what you will need. You will be able of performing updates and maintenance in the LTI Provider in a transparent way, because the user has not contents in their LMS, all the assets, dbs and files are centralised in your own server, they only have a link to your app with the required credentials.
Update: Thank you Alberto Ruiz for your suggestion. I agree that using an LTI Provider would be the best solution, but my client refuses to give me BlackBoard administrator rights, and doesn't want to manage any external servers. Because of this here is my cumbersome Rube Goldberg solution.
This was not clear in my initial description, but the end goal was to load pictures from the content collection, along with information about the images provided in a config file.
Within my Unity project I created a streaming assets folder that holds all the images we want to load, along with a config file. Using Application.streamingAssetsPath I am able to load the config file that has the information about each picture, and the url to the image we need to load. After the application loads this config is read, and each image is loaded into the game.
Allowing the instructor to edit the config was not possible, but I found another solution. First the instructor uploads all the images they want to the StreamingAssets folder in the content collection. Next the instructor launches the game and access a special admin section allowing them to edit the config data. Initially the instructor had to type in the exact url of the image they wanted to import into the game, but that was cruel and unusual. So I created a HTML parser that would grab the HTML of the streaming assets folder and search for links to additional folders and images, recursively searching in found folders. The data gathered from the HTML parser is used to display a file browser that mimics the structure of the content collection, where clicking on an image element loads that file from the content collection. After the user is finished editing the config they can download it, and replace the current one in the streaming assets folder.

tokenized:
In my project I have a Unity WebGL build running from the content collection . There is also a .txt file in the content collection that I am using to hold specific set up information about the project , and I can successfully access the .txt file using www requests . The goal is to have an administrator section of my game where the instructor could view and modify the data stored in the .txt file with minimal knowledge of the system . This is important because it lets the teacher tailor the game to the needs of the class with minimal effort . I know that the correct way to do this is using Blackboard learn web services to set up a web request that will then write the data to the content collection , but due to certain restrictions ( time , money , my lack of experience with servers ) this route is a last option .
 I think that there is a better architecture for your project based in the LTI standard .
 You will develop a standalone web application known as LTI Provider , which provides your game in an iframe or a new window , ( where your game will live ) . In Blackboard Learn you will provide a link to your application as a content or a tool , and when a user clicks the link a request to your server will be performed . This request will contain all the authentication and context information your application needs to be sure that the user is logged , who is he , which course , content and institution is in , which role he has in the course and other details . With this information your application will be able to show the scene for the administrator if he is an instructor , keep in a database or xls file the progress of the user or even , using the LTI Outcomes services , send grades to the Blackboard Learn Grades Center .
 You can combine this technologies with the Blackboard Learn REST API if you need a higher integration level , but with the LTI standard you 'll have most of what you will need . You will be able of performing updates and maintenance in the LTI Provider in a transparent way , because the user has not contents in their LMS , all the assets , dbs and files are centralised in your own server , they only have a link to your app with the required credentials .
 Update : Thank you Alberto Ruiz for your suggestion . I agree that using an LTI Provider would be the best solution , but my client refuses to give me BlackBoard administrator rights , and does n't want to manage any external servers . Because of this here is my cumbersome Rube Goldberg solution .
 This was not clear in my initial description , but the end goal was to load pictures from the content collection , along with information about the images provided in a config file .
 Within my Unity project I created a streaming assets folder that holds all the images we want to load , along with a config file . Using Application.streamingAssetsPath I am able to load the config file that has the information about each picture , and the url to the image we need to load . After the application loads this config is read , and each image is loaded into the game .
 Allowing the instructor to edit the config was not possible , but I found another solution . First the instructor uploads all the images they want to the StreamingAssets folder in the content collection . Next the instructor launches the game and access a special admin section allowing them to edit the config data . Initially the instructor had to type in the exact url of the image they wanted to import into the game , but that was cruel and unusual . So I created a HTML parser that would grab the HTML of the streaming assets folder and search for links to additional folders and images , recursively searching in found folders . The data gathered from the HTML parser is used to display a file browser that mimics the structure of the content collection , where clicking on an image element loads that file from the content collection . After the user is finished editing the config they can download it , and replace the current one in the streaming assets folder .


text:
Samsung Am009fn4dch Repair Service Manual User Guides is good choice for you that looking for nice reading experience. We hope you glad to visit our website. Please read our description and our privacy and policy page.
Finally I get this ebook, thanks for all these Samsung Am009fn4dch Repair Service Manual User Guides can get now!

tokenized:
Samsung Am009fn4dch Repair Service Manual User Guides is good choice for you that looking for nice reading experience . We hope you glad to visit our website . Please read our description and our privacy and policy page .
 Finally I get this ebook , thanks for all these Samsung Am009fn4dch Repair Service Manual User Guides can get now !


text:
Wei Pantry brings Vietnamese flavors into your everyday cooking and entertaining. Whether it's breaking down intimidating recipes, guiding you through an Asian grocery store, or introducing you to our versatile and easy to use products - we hope you are inspired by the flavors we love most. All our recipes and way of cooking come from generations of immigration, reinvention, and blended home cooking.
Bu Wei Truong, grandmother of Wei Pantry Founder & CEO makes dinner for her 20+ household in Saigon, Vietnam.
Many Asian kitchen staples are difficult to make – involving deep frying, caramelizing, and pungent aromas. Wei Pantry brings all of those flavors without the heavy lifting. Our products are 100% homemade, all natural, and use organic and local ingredients whenever possible. People often ask whether products or recipes we have are "Vietnamese," or "Chinese," or "French," though most can't be classified so easily. These products come from countries with complicated backgrounds that are reflected in the depth and versatility of their flavors. That's what makes them fit so well into all your favorite dishes.
Debbie grew up with a mixture of Vietnamese, Chinese, and Jewish-American home-cooking. Though originally from the bay area, she has lived and worked all across Asia, from Beijing to New Delhi, before relocating to Los Angeles, CA. Wei Pantry reflects the depth of Debbie's travels as well as her stubbornness for recreating and transporting the flavors she grew up loving. Her favorite products hope to inspire experimentation with new areas of cooking and entertaining in your home. Debbie is the founder and CEO of Wei Pantry. You can read more about her story here.
With a strong analytical background anchored in finance and marketing at MIT, Irene has rich experience in business strategy and planning at Goldman Sachs and Apple. Pursuing a passion for food & beverage, she attended culinary school at Le Cordon Bleu in Paris, and then immersed herself in the San Francisco food scene working in strategy and operations roles at Munchery and Philz Coffee before joining the Wei Pantry team.

tokenized:
Wei Pantry brings Vietnamese flavors into your everyday cooking and entertaining . Whether it 's breaking down intimidating recipes , guiding you through an Asian grocery store , or introducing you to our versatile and easy to use products - we hope you are inspired by the flavors we love most . All our recipes and way of cooking come from generations of immigration , reinvention , and blended home cooking .
 Bu Wei Truong , grandmother of Wei Pantry Founder & CEO makes dinner for her 20 + household in Saigon , Vietnam .
 Many Asian kitchen staples are difficult to make – involving deep frying , caramelizing , and pungent aromas . Wei Pantry brings all of those flavors without the heavy lifting . Our products are 100 % homemade , all natural , and use organic and local ingredients whenever possible . People often ask whether products or recipes we have are " Vietnamese , " or " Chinese , " or " French , " though most ca n't be classified so easily . These products come from countries with complicated backgrounds that are reflected in the depth and versatility of their flavors . That 's what makes them fit so well into all your favorite dishes .
 Debbie grew up with a mixture of Vietnamese , Chinese , and Jewish - American home - cooking . Though originally from the bay area , she has lived and worked all across Asia , from Beijing to New Delhi , before relocating to Los Angeles , CA . Wei Pantry reflects the depth of Debbie 's travels as well as her stubbornness for recreating and transporting the flavors she grew up loving . Her favorite products hope to inspire experimentation with new areas of cooking and entertaining in your home . Debbie is the founder and CEO of Wei Pantry . You can read more about her story here .
 With a strong analytical background anchored in finance and marketing at MIT , Irene has rich experience in business strategy and planning at Goldman Sachs and Apple . Pursuing a passion for food & beverage , she attended culinary school at Le Cordon Bleu in Paris , and then immersed herself in the San Francisco food scene working in strategy and operations roles at Munchery and Philz Coffee before joining the Wei Pantry team .


text:
Create your own pattern and hollow fill for edible dessert cups that will stand out on any table.
Create the Flower Dessert Cup, then fill with your favorite ice cream or mousse.
I need these for an event and they work out perfect.
Can't wait to use this to mold chocolate into edible cups to hold chocolate mousse!

tokenized:
Create your own pattern and hollow fill for edible dessert cups that will stand out on any table .
 Create the Flower Dessert Cup , then fill with your favorite ice cream or mousse .
 I need these for an event and they work out perfect .
 Ca n't wait to use this to mold chocolate into edible cups to hold chocolate mousse !


text:
Doha Clinic Hospital (DCH) the first fully-integrated private hospital in Qatar established in 2001. It started as a ..
DCH has been accreditted by the Canada for meeting international standards of excellence in quality care and services ..
Welcome to Doha Clinic Hospital (DCH) website. DCH desires to be the country’s choice for you and your family’s healthcare needs. Our promise is to earn your trust and loyalty by providing world class quality healthcare in a safe and secure environment.
We are looking to hire Hospitalists, Pharmacists, Pharmacy Technicians and Purchasing Officer.

tokenized:
Doha Clinic Hospital ( DCH ) the first fully - integrated private hospital in Qatar established in 2001 . It started as a ..
 DCH has been accreditted by the Canada for meeting international standards of excellence in quality care and services ..
 Welcome to Doha Clinic Hospital ( DCH ) website . DCH desires to be the country ’s choice for you and your family ’s healthcare needs . Our promise is to earn your trust and loyalty by providing world class quality healthcare in a safe and secure environment .
 We are looking to hire Hospitalists , Pharmacists , Pharmacy Technicians and Purchasing Officer .


text: What would be the point of playing if you can’t save your game progress? When you resume playing, pick up right where you left off. You can even move to a different desktop and resume with no difference for games that support Cloud Save.

tokenized: What would be the point of playing if you ca n’t save your game progress ? When you resume playing , pick up right where you left off . You can even move to a different desktop and resume with no difference for games that support Cloud Save .


text:
Pink Polka Dot Books: All the Missing Girls by Megan Miranda-- Adult Mystery w/ YA Crossover Appeal!!
All the Missing Girls by Megan Miranda-- Adult Mystery w/ YA Crossover Appeal!!
When Nic returns to her small town 10 years after her high school best friend disappeared, she finds herself caught in the center of another girl's disappearance.
In order to find out what happened to Annaliese, Nic needs to find out the truth about her friend Corrinne. And this truth involves her family, her friends, and everything she's been running from for the last 10 years.
Nicolette comes to town to pack up her childhood home because her dad can't afford to have the house and pay for his care. She rarely ever comes back because of the painful memories-- mainly due to her best friend going missing and it never being solved. Within days of returning ANOTHER girl goes missing-- and it's once again tied to her friend/family group. The girl that's missing is dating Nic's high school ex and it turns out she was obsessed with the Corrine disappearance.
Interesting thing about this book: It's told backward. It starts out with a short introduction and then we jump to 2 weeks into the future and work our way back. You would think that reading a Mystery backward would not work-- I mean, that's what I was thinking at first-- but I was wrong. Apparently, you can totally start at the end and go backward and still somehow still feel like you are moving forward TOWARDS something??? Well, this author can do that for you anyway.
You know what will get me every time? The enigmatic, addicting, charismatic, best friend. Corrine is missing before the book starts, but she's larger than life on these pages. Every time there is a Corrine in a book, I find myself drawn in. Why do I like a character that is mysterious and equal parts alluring & dangerous?? I have no idea. It's not like these characters are really ever likable. They're the ones using the nice girl's secrets against her. They're the ones pulling all the strings-- and when something bad happens to them, I think we're supposed to feel like they had it coming? All I ever feel is that I wish I knew them too.
The other cast of characters in this book weren't bad either. From the brother and his wife to the ex-boyfriends and the neighbor. I liked getting to know and suspect them all. The part that really threw me was the father. He's in a nursing home and has some sort of dementia, but he KNOWS something. That part of the mystery I loved trying to unravel. It made the book all the more complicated and muddled.
Recently I've been reading a lot of Adult Mystery/Thrillers, and I have to say if I find more like this one, it may become a habit. There are flashbacks to high school days, and that brought the YA aspects in that I personally like to read about. Megan Miranda was already cemented as one of my fave authors-- and now she's proving me right every time!!
OVERALL: YES!! I loved this backward mystery!! It's told from Day 15 to Day 1 and it is done so well. I will recommend this to both Adult and YA readers because I think it has some crossover appeal. Put Megan Miranda on your auto-buy list and you won't be sorry.
Nicolette is a fan of "starting over" and I could totally see her using different variations of her name in the different towns she's lived in.
I LOVED this one. It being told backwards was so different and thought it really worked. Glad you loved it too!
It was really cool the way it worked out. At first I was totally confused how a mystery could work backwards, but somehow she pulled it off. Have you read any of her other books?
I keep picking this one up. I am glad to hear that you liked it. I had no idea it was told backwards. Makes it even more interesting to me. I may have to pick it up at some point.
WOO!! I totally recommend!! The backwards story really made the book.
I find the backward approach interesting, and glad it worked for you. There is something about knowing the endpoint, and then trying to figure out how the characters got there.

tokenized:
Pink Polka Dot Books : All the Missing Girls by Megan Miranda-- Adult Mystery w/ YA Crossover Appeal ! !
 All the Missing Girls by Megan Miranda-- Adult Mystery w/ YA Crossover Appeal ! !
 When Nic returns to her small town 10 years after her high school best friend disappeared , she finds herself caught in the center of another girl 's disappearance .
 In order to find out what happened to Annaliese , Nic needs to find out the truth about her friend Corrinne . And this truth involves her family , her friends , and everything she 's been running from for the last 10 years .
 Nicolette comes to town to pack up her childhood home because her dad ca n't afford to have the house and pay for his care . She rarely ever comes back because of the painful memories-- mainly due to her best friend going missing and it never being solved . Within days of returning ANOTHER girl goes missing-- and it 's once again tied to her friend / family group . The girl that 's missing is dating Nic 's high school ex and it turns out she was obsessed with the Corrine disappearance .
 Interesting thing about this book : It 's told backward . It starts out with a short introduction and then we jump to 2 weeks into the future and work our way back . You would think that reading a Mystery backward would not work-- I mean , that 's what I was thinking at first-- but I was wrong . Apparently , you can totally start at the end and go backward and still somehow still feel like you are moving forward TOWARDS something ? ? ? Well , this author can do that for you anyway .
 You know what will get me every time ? The enigmatic , addicting , charismatic , best friend . Corrine is missing before the book starts , but she 's larger than life on these pages . Every time there is a Corrine in a book , I find myself drawn in . Why do I like a character that is mysterious and equal parts alluring & dangerous ? ? I have no idea . It 's not like these characters are really ever likable . They 're the ones using the nice girl 's secrets against her . They 're the ones pulling all the strings-- and when something bad happens to them , I think we 're supposed to feel like they had it coming ? All I ever feel is that I wish I knew them too .
 The other cast of characters in this book were n't bad either . From the brother and his wife to the ex - boyfriends and the neighbor . I liked getting to know and suspect them all . The part that really threw me was the father . He 's in a nursing home and has some sort of dementia , but he KNOWS something . That part of the mystery I loved trying to unravel . It made the book all the more complicated and muddled .
 Recently I 've been reading a lot of Adult Mystery / Thrillers , and I have to say if I find more like this one , it may become a habit . There are flashbacks to high school days , and that brought the YA aspects in that I personally like to read about . Megan Miranda was already cemented as one of my fave authors-- and now she 's proving me right every time ! !
 OVERALL : YES ! ! I loved this backward mystery ! ! It 's told from Day 15 to Day 1 and it is done so well . I will recommend this to both Adult and YA readers because I think it has some crossover appeal . Put Megan Miranda on your auto - buy list and you wo n't be sorry .
 Nicolette is a fan of " starting over " and I could totally see her using different variations of her name in the different towns she 's lived in .
 I LOVED this one . It being told backwards was so different and thought it really worked . Glad you loved it too !
 It was really cool the way it worked out . At first I was totally confused how a mystery could work backwards , but somehow she pulled it off . Have you read any of her other books ?
 I keep picking this one up . I am glad to hear that you liked it . I had no idea it was told backwards . Makes it even more interesting to me . I may have to pick it up at some point .
 WOO ! ! I totally recommend ! ! The backwards story really made the book .
 I find the backward approach interesting , and glad it worked for you . There is something about knowing the endpoint , and then trying to figure out how the characters got there .


text:
"Become a goalkeeper and lead your team to victory"
Flick Kick Goalkeeper is related to Android games, Sports Games, .
Developer: PIKPOK	- Developer recommended by Android Market.
Do you like Flick Kick Goalkeeper?

tokenized:
" Become a goalkeeper and lead your team to victory "
 Flick Kick Goalkeeper is related to Android games , Sports Games , .
 Developer : PIKPOK 	 - Developer recommended by Android Market .
 Do you like Flick Kick Goalkeeper ?


text:
Data Entry Analyst (German Speaker).
Read and analyse blogs and social media posts.
This role would report to the Digital & Print Team Leader and would have no management responsibility.
Experience in a process & data driven environment.

tokenized:
Data Entry Analyst ( German Speaker ) .
 Read and analyse blogs and social media posts .
 This role would report to the Digital & Print Team Leader and would have no management responsibility .
 Experience in a process & data driven environment .


text:
This is a hotfix release for v0.5.0, fixing a bug and updating translations.
Fixed a crash when a zero-length filename was given.
Fixed a crash when the selected file could not be found.
Position, Rotation, Scale and Shear properties now have a proper description.
It's been over a year since the last full release for Stream Effects, and we're getting ever closer to another one. With this preview release a lot of bugs and crashes have been fixed, new features have been introduced and some even got a much needed upgrade. For example, the plugin now has an Installer like the one for the AMD Encoder!
The most important change is that Blur Filter will now take up to 99% less GPU to run, which means that you can go nuts with the effect even more than you could before - and maybe even go back to a 2-PC streaming setup if you switched from that to a 1-PC streaming setup. This is the result of lots of changes to the rendering system (see changelog). Additionally you can now use a Mask of various types (Region, Image, Source, Scene) that will restrict blur to only apply in the masked section.
Next up is 3D Transform which now supports mip-mapping, a technique used to smooth out pixel artifacts when the texture resolution is greater than the screen resolution, for example if you rotate, shear, scale or modify the source geometry by other means. For people using 3D Transform to place objects into a 3D-like scene, this means drastically improved image quality at the cost of some extra GPU memory and time. This is currently a Windows/DirectX11 only feature and will not have any effect on other platforms or renderers.
Then we have the all new Filter "Signed Distance Field Effects"! With this you can apply an Inner Shadow, Outer Shadow (aka Drop Shadow) and in the future Glow and Outline too. It is a cheaper alternative to blurring a source for a shadow or glow, but it does reduce the shadow/glow quality slightly.
Finally we have Source Mirror which can now finally mirror audio and has gotten some rendering and stability upgrades. It will now no longer cause sources to be endlessly active and has all new re-scaling options.
Backwards compatibility up to Version 21.x has been restored, which means that you can now use newer OBS Studio versions as well as old ones.
Fixed support for various input Sources (Game Capture, Display Capture, ...).
Added support for masking the affected region, including feather around the region.
Added support for Image and Source masks, with an optional Color filter and multiplier.
Added Linear Sampling versions of Box and Gaussian Blur, which roughly halve the necessary GPU power for a similar effect.
Switched from Kernel Textures to a Kernel Array, which reduces GPU Usage by roughly 50%.
Added support for Scenes as masks.
Added support for Directional Blur (aka Motion Blur).
Added support for Step Scaling, allowing lower Blur Sizes to have an effect on a larger area.
Drastically reduced GPU Usage by only calculating the Blur once per video_tick instead of every video_render.
Added MipMapping which can be enabled to reduce aliasing on an angled, scaled, stretched, squished, sheared or otherwise modified source.
Fixed a crash on exiting OBS Studio caused by invalid string references.
Drastically reduced GPU Usage by only rendering the transformed Source once per video_tick instead of every video_render.
A new effect that allows rendering various effects based on a Signed Distance Field, for example a Drop Shadow.
Fixed a crash when adding this Filter to a Source.
Fixed a memory leak caused by never releasing the Filter memory.
Added support for Inverse (Min > Max) and Negative (Min or Max < 0) Gradients to Inner and Outer Shadow.
Added scaling option for the SDF Texture Size, allowing finer control over the output quality.
Improved image quality by not relying on bootleg versions of proper intrinsics in shaders.
Added support for Audio mirroring, allowing for audio effects to be applied in addition to video effects.
Fixed recursion causing a crash or frozen OBS Studio.
Fixed a Source leak caused by never releasing the previously mirrored Source.
Fixed a Source leak caused by improper cleanup in recursion checking.
Fixed a crash with Audio-only or Async-Video sources.
Added support for various Rescaling methods (Stretch, Fit, Fill, Fill to Width, Fill to Height).
Shipped files should now be actual images instead of broken images.
Fixed a memory leak caused by not releasing the mirrored source.
Fixed a rendering slowdown caused by trying to render the source inside an effect loop.
Fixed 'Point' scaling not actually using the correct sampling.
Implemented an option for Source Mirror to keep the original size even if rescaling.
Today I bring you the "Source Mirror" source and a bunch of fixes. The "Source Mirror" source allows you to create a mirror of an existing source which can have its own list of filters and can even rescale your source for performance reasons. No need to painfully work around a core limitation in OBS Studio anymore!
Additionally, the 'Blur' filter has received a much needed update. It will now work as long as the GPU is not broken, several potential crashes with it were resolved and Gaussian Blur now has correct colors too.
Hotfix: Fixed 32-bit crashing instantaneously and also improved overall performance and stability.
Switched all filters and sources over to new initialization code.
Fixed a 32-bit crash on machines with CPUs capable of SSE caused by Vertex Buffers.
Reduced memory requirements of Vertex Buffers by ~60%.
Removed a superfluous reallocation, loop and copy from Vertex Buffers.
Improved initialization code to ease future development.
Fixed several possible crashes in the GS subsystem wrappers.
Fixed 'Blur' filter color being wrong due to non-power-of-two textures.
Improved 'Blur' filter error reporting for better debugging and support.
Fixed 'Blur' filter crashing OBS on GPU reset, better support for this is added in a future version of OBS.
Fixed 'Blur' filter occasionally just not working.
Added 'Source Mirror' source which allows you to add filters to a source without modifying it as well as rescaling it.

tokenized:
This is a hotfix release for v0.5.0 , fixing a bug and updating translations .
 Fixed a crash when a zero - length filename was given .
 Fixed a crash when the selected file could not be found .
 Position , Rotation , Scale and Shear properties now have a proper description .
 It 's been over a year since the last full release for Stream Effects , and we 're getting ever closer to another one . With this preview release a lot of bugs and crashes have been fixed , new features have been introduced and some even got a much needed upgrade . For example , the plugin now has an Installer like the one for the AMD Encoder !
 The most important change is that Blur Filter will now take up to 99 % less GPU to run , which means that you can go nuts with the effect even more than you could before - and maybe even go back to a 2 - PC streaming setup if you switched from that to a 1 - PC streaming setup . This is the result of lots of changes to the rendering system ( see changelog ) . Additionally you can now use a Mask of various types ( Region , Image , Source , Scene ) that will restrict blur to only apply in the masked section .
 Next up is 3D Transform which now supports mip - mapping , a technique used to smooth out pixel artifacts when the texture resolution is greater than the screen resolution , for example if you rotate , shear , scale or modify the source geometry by other means . For people using 3D Transform to place objects into a 3D - like scene , this means drastically improved image quality at the cost of some extra GPU memory and time . This is currently a Windows / DirectX11 only feature and will not have any effect on other platforms or renderers .
 Then we have the all new Filter " Signed Distance Field Effects " ! With this you can apply an Inner Shadow , Outer Shadow ( aka Drop Shadow ) and in the future Glow and Outline too . It is a cheaper alternative to blurring a source for a shadow or glow , but it does reduce the shadow / glow quality slightly .
 Finally we have Source Mirror which can now finally mirror audio and has gotten some rendering and stability upgrades . It will now no longer cause sources to be endlessly active and has all new re - scaling options .
 Backwards compatibility up to Version 21.x has been restored , which means that you can now use newer OBS Studio versions as well as old ones .
 Fixed support for various input Sources ( Game Capture , Display Capture , ... ) .
 Added support for masking the affected region , including feather around the region .
 Added support for Image and Source masks , with an optional Color filter and multiplier .
 Added Linear Sampling versions of Box and Gaussian Blur , which roughly halve the necessary GPU power for a similar effect .
 Switched from Kernel Textures to a Kernel Array , which reduces GPU Usage by roughly 50 % .
 Added support for Scenes as masks .
 Added support for Directional Blur ( aka Motion Blur ) .
 Added support for Step Scaling , allowing lower Blur Sizes to have an effect on a larger area .
 Drastically reduced GPU Usage by only calculating the Blur once per video_tick instead of every video_render .
 Added MipMapping which can be enabled to reduce aliasing on an angled , scaled , stretched , squished , sheared or otherwise modified source .
 Fixed a crash on exiting OBS Studio caused by invalid string references .
 Drastically reduced GPU Usage by only rendering the transformed Source once per video_tick instead of every video_render .
 A new effect that allows rendering various effects based on a Signed Distance Field , for example a Drop Shadow .
 Fixed a crash when adding this Filter to a Source .
 Fixed a memory leak caused by never releasing the Filter memory .
 Added support for Inverse ( Min > Max ) and Negative ( Min or Max < 0 ) Gradients to Inner and Outer Shadow .
 Added scaling option for the SDF Texture Size , allowing finer control over the output quality .
 Improved image quality by not relying on bootleg versions of proper intrinsics in shaders .
 Added support for Audio mirroring , allowing for audio effects to be applied in addition to video effects .
 Fixed recursion causing a crash or frozen OBS Studio .
 Fixed a Source leak caused by never releasing the previously mirrored Source .
 Fixed a Source leak caused by improper cleanup in recursion checking .
 Fixed a crash with Audio - only or Async - Video sources .
 Added support for various Rescaling methods ( Stretch , Fit , Fill , Fill to Width , Fill to Height ) .
 Shipped files should now be actual images instead of broken images .
 Fixed a memory leak caused by not releasing the mirrored source .
 Fixed a rendering slowdown caused by trying to render the source inside an effect loop .
 Fixed ' Point ' scaling not actually using the correct sampling .
 Implemented an option for Source Mirror to keep the original size even if rescaling .
 Today I bring you the " Source Mirror " source and a bunch of fixes . The " Source Mirror " source allows you to create a mirror of an existing source which can have its own list of filters and can even rescale your source for performance reasons . No need to painfully work around a core limitation in OBS Studio anymore !
 Additionally , the ' Blur ' filter has received a much needed update . It will now work as long as the GPU is not broken , several potential crashes with it were resolved and Gaussian Blur now has correct colors too .
 Hotfix : Fixed 32 - bit crashing instantaneously and also improved overall performance and stability .
 Switched all filters and sources over to new initialization code .
 Fixed a 32 - bit crash on machines with CPUs capable of SSE caused by Vertex Buffers .
 Reduced memory requirements of Vertex Buffers by ~60 % .
 Removed a superfluous reallocation , loop and copy from Vertex Buffers .
 Improved initialization code to ease future development .
 Fixed several possible crashes in the GS subsystem wrappers .
 Fixed ' Blur ' filter color being wrong due to non - power - of - two textures .
 Improved ' Blur ' filter error reporting for better debugging and support .
 Fixed ' Blur ' filter crashing OBS on GPU reset , better support for this is added in a future version of OBS .
 Fixed ' Blur ' filter occasionally just not working .
 Added ' Source Mirror ' source which allows you to add filters to a source without modifying it as well as rescaling it .