text:
Baum, L. Frank. 1996. THE WIZARD OF OZ. Ill. by Lisbeth Zwerger. New York: North-South Books. ISBN: 1558586385.
This is an abridged version of Baum's The Wizard of Oz complete with rich illustrations by Lisbeth Zwerger. I have never read the original version by Baum, so I cannot describe the differences between the versions. While there are similarities to the movie version, there are also a great many differences. I read about many events and characters that were never featured in the movie. The main characters are the same, Dorothy, the Scarecrow, the Tin Man, and the Cowardly Lion. What was new for me was reading about the Queen of the Field Mice, the Hammer-Heads, and the land and people made of China. In this version, the Wicked Witch sends wolves, crows, and bees against Dorothy and her companions before sending the flying monkeys to bring the Cowardly Lion and Dorothy back to her castle. Some parts are actually quite violent such as the Tin Man decapitating the wolves that attack them and the Cowardly Lion takes the head off of an enormous spider.
The water color illustrations by Zwerger are done in rich, vibrant colors and feature full page art as well as small cameos on pages. The characters are not depicted as most of us in the United States are used to seeing them. The Scarecrow is very fat, Dorothy does not wear the famous blue and white checked dress for very long in the book, but instead is pictured mostly in white, and the Cowardly Lion looks like a wild lion and not like a cute stuffed animal. "Viennese illustrator and Hans Christian Andersen Medalist Lisbeth Zwerger takes a fresh look at L. Frank Baum's The Wizard of Oz in a large-format edition. Zwerger's fantastical, delicate, eccentric illustrations bear no resemblance to the vision of the movie." (Publisher's Weekly, 1996). Zwerger includes a note at the end of the book that states that she was intimidated by the need to paint the scenes set in the Emerald City in green. In order to solve this problem, the book comes with a pair of green glasses that can be slipped on by the reader to get an enhancement of the illustrations by tinting everything various shades of green.
My favorite illustration in the story is also used on the front cover of the book. The illustration is of Dorothy, the Scarecrow, and the Tin Man carrying Dorothy and Toto through the infamous poppy field. The poppies are oversized, much taller that the characters, and are a vivid red against a grayish-blue background. The poppies shadows are also shown, adding dimension to the illustration. I also enjoyed the illustration of the Wizard after it has been revealed that he is not a powerful wizard after all. The Wizard looks very small, and more like an elderly professor than a great wizard.
The strengths of the book are the illustrations. They are bright and colorful and add dimension to the book. I think one of the main weaknesses of the book is that it is abridged. "The deletion of some descriptive and transitional phrases and of various events creates a text that is much flatter and less engaging than the original." (School Library Journal, 1991).
Cultural markers in the book were not obvious to me. I do not have a background in art, so I can only go by what I have found in reviews which say that there is a European influence. "The art, naturally, has a European flavor, here translated into fey paintings that catch the lighter elements of the story." (Booklist, 1996).
I enjoyed reading the "new for me" elements of the story that are not included in the movie version, but I still found the language rather flat and sometimes uninteresting. "All this time Dorothy and her companions had been walking through the thick woods. The road was still paved with yellow bricks, but these were much covered by dried branches and dead leaves from the trees, and the walking was not at all good." (Baum 1996, p. 27) It just seems that the language should be more descriptive and lively than what this abridged version has.
Lindgren, Astrid. 1985. THE DRAGON WITH RED EYES. Ill. by Ilon Wikland. New York: Viking Penguin Inc. ISBN: 0670816205.
This is an interesting story about a brother and sister who go out to the pigsty to see the new piglets that were born during the night. To their surprise, in addition to ten piglets, in a corner by himself is a baby green dragon. After a while, the sow refuses to feed the dragon (he bites!), and the children take over the chore of feeding the dragon. They feed the dragon candle ends, string, and cork, but the dragon is still not happy. The dragon is both mischievous and lovable and on one October evening he lays his paw against the girl's cheek as his eyes are full of tears and then flies away, never to be heard from again.
I enjoyed the story and I thought it had a realistic ending that many children can relate to, especially if they have ever raised a wild animal from a baby and then had to let it go back into the wild. I also thought it interesting that the dragon was never really accepted by the mother pig nor the piglets. I think this demonstrates to children that even though they may not be accepted by the crowd, they still have good qualities of their own that should be valued. Lindgren writes in such a way that will hold the interest of children. "It was true, though I suppose no one will ever discover how it happened. I think the sow was as surprised as we were. She was not particularly fond of her dragon baby, but she got used to him in time - except for his biting her every time she fed him, that is." (Lindgren, 1985).
The illustrations use realistic colors for the pigsty, straw, barn, and outdoors, but the illustrator uses brilliant greens and yellows in illustrating the dragon. This technique really makes the dragon stand out and demonstrate how different he is from the piglets. The most touching illustration shows the little dragon saying goodbye to the little girl. The setting sun is a large ball of blazing orange and the little green dragon really stands out.
The book has been translated into English from the original Swedish and I could not really tell that it did not take place in the United States. There are a few clues in the illustrations, but not in the text itself. In the illustrations, the little girl has blond hair that is worn in braids. This could be a cultural marker indicating Swedish heritage, but it is not an obvious clue. Another illustration shows a scene from a meadow that includes tall evergreen trees. These trees can also be found in areas of the U.S. as well. Another possible clue in the illustrations is in the picture showing the children's beds. The boy's bed has the typical headboard and footboard we are used to, but his bed also includes high sides with boards and his mattress fits down in it like a box. The girl's bed looks like it is a wooden daybed, again not quite the style we are used to seeing in the United States. Otherwise, it is not obvious where the story takes place.
I could not find a review of this book anywhere. I could only find one review by a reader on Amazon.com. The reviewer did not agree with the reading level that is posted on the site. The site says the book is appropriate for babies through pre-school. I find I agree with the reviewer that the book is more appropriate for slightly older children from ages pre-school through second grade.
My overall opinion of the book is positive. It is a story that children will relate to in spite of a somewhat sad but yet realistic ending.
Bjork, Christina. 1985. LINNEA IN MONET'S GARDEN. Ill. by Lena Anderson. New York: R & S Books. ISBN: 9129583144.
This is a unique book that blends fiction, art history, and biography together into a seamless whole. The book is told from the point of view of Linnea, a young girl who travels with her elderly friend, Mr. Bloom, to Paris to see Monet's garden. Mr. Bloom takes Linnea to visit a museum so they can view Impressionist paintings before going to visit Monet's house and garden in Giverny, France. After her visit to the museum, Linnea now understands what it means for a painter to have been called an Impressionist. Linnea and Mr. Bloom picnic in Monet's garden and enjoy the famous water lilies that Monet painted.
I thoroughly enjoyed this book and think it is one of the best children's books I have read. It mixes the fictional story of Linnea while teaching children about art history and presenting a short biography of Monet and his family. The book presents the information in a fun, interesting way without being didactic or stilted. The following is an example that demonstrates this point, "But Monet practiced capturing impressions. Every day, he studied his bridge. He discovered that it looked different depending on the time of day and the weather. It was sunlight that made the difference." (Bjork 1985, p. 28). What a great way for children to learn how important sunlight was to an Impressionist painter. The language used in the book does not talk down to children, but explains the concept in language that is easily understood and yet entertaining.
The ink and watercolor illustrations by Anderson are bright and colorful and often reflect the colors used in Monet's paintings. My favorite illustration shows Linnea on a path in the garden with the different varieties of flowers on either side, nasturtiums overflowing and almost covering the walk, and a black and white cat playing with Linnea and a vine. The colors used really make the flowers stand out and the different shades of green can help the reader get the feel of what it would be like to actually be in the garden. "But, it is the sense of being there, and Linnea's own enthusiasm, that carries the book." (Publisher's Weekly, 1987). The book also includes actual photographs of several of Monet's paintings as well as photographs of Monet and his family. The book jacket says that many of the photographs were previously unpublished.
The book contains many cultural markers. The book describes a hotel in Paris, the Esmerelda, that is on the River Seine in the Left Bank. Linnea describes her view from her hotel window which includes the Notre Dame Cathedral. Linnea also points out that the book The Hunchback of Notre Dame takes place there. The name of the hotel takes its name from the character Esmeralda from the book. Linnea describes taking the Metro, the underground train in Paris, to the Marmottan, the art museum. Linnea also describes the food that she and Mr. Bloom buy for their picnic lunch at Monet's garden. They buy bread called a baguette, a goat cheese and a cow's milk cheese, pate`, tomatoes, nectarines, mineral water, and cider. The book also tells the reader that Monet's biggest pictures that cover the walls of a big round room are called the Water Lily Rooms and are located in the Orangerie in Paris. The Orangerie used to be the King's greenhouse but is now a museum.
The book has amazing illustrations and photographs of artworks and of Monet and his family. The book also includes a section at the end that lists more things to do in Paris and a timeline of Monet's life. I like the small illustration at the very end in the bottom corner that has Linnea smiling and saying Au Revoir!
Publisher's Weekly. 30 October, 1987. Books in Print. [database online]. Available from http://ezproxy.twu.edu:2066/merge_shared/details/details.asp?item_uid=937497&viewItemIndex=0&navPage=1&FullText=&BipAlertQueryString=&BipAlertDisplayQText=.
Stolz, Joelle. 2004. THE SHADOWS OF GHADAMES. New York: Delacourte Press. ISBN: 0385731043.
This story takes place in the Libyan city of Ghadames in the late 19th century. The women in Ghadames are segregated from the men and lead a quiet life confined to their homes and rooftops. Malika is approaching her twelfth birthday, a time when she is approaching adulthood, and according to her family's Berber custom, a time when she is close to marriageable age and will be confined to the world of women. Malika is not looking forward to this as she yearns for more. She wants to learn how to read and dreams of visiting far off places which she knows will never happen once she is confined to the world of women. Her world does get expanded slightly when her mother and her father's second wife secretly take in a wounded stranger and nurse him to health. He teaches Malika how to read Arabic and describes the places he has visited and widens Malika's world.
The book is full of cultural markers since it describes the Muslim culture which many in the United States are not familiar with. The women are segregated from the men and must wear veils. The only men the women see or talk to are the men in their own family. When Malika and Bilkisu go to the women's baths, their servant must make noise in the street before them to alert any man on the street that there are women coming. If they hear a loud stamp on the ground they must go back and hide in a doorway for the man to pass before they can go on. Many of the women are tattooed and Malika is anxious for the time when the meanings of the tattoos will be explained to her. Her brother, Jasim, is working for their Uncle while their father is away. When their Uncle visits the women to tell them of a stranger and of his mysterious disappearance, he also describes how grown up Jasim has become and Jasim's mother then tells Jasim and their Uncle that Jasim can no longer come to the rooftops to visit the women. He must go to work each day now; his childhood has ended. Another cultural distinction is that when Malika's father leaves on a trading journey, his wives do not wear any jewelry while he is absent. Malika also describes the custom of the oil lamp. "Papa has been careful to place the oil lamp pointing inward in the niche. This way, if a visitor looks in through the hole in the door, he will immediately know that my father is off on a trip. Placed another way, or unlit, the lamp conveys a completely different message. For example, The master is in the palm grove. Or, There has been a death in the house. The men know not to knock at the door when, thanks to the little lamp in the entryway, they see that the women are alone in the house." (Stolz 2004, p. 9) Jasim loves to torment Malika with the fact that she is a girl and will someday be confined to the world of women. "He never leaves me in peace, always harping on the fact that I am "just a girl." It is his favorite refrain, and he whistles it between his teeth with a mocking air as soon as our mothers are out of earshot. "I am going to travel, I am going to drive caravans, I'll be going to Kano and Timbuktu, and all the way to Mecca and Istanbul! While you, you're going to stay right here and never go anywhere!" (Stolz 2004, p. 7). The author also describes the use of camels in the caravans and desert sandstorms. The practice of slavery and servants customs are also described.
The book has been translated from the original French and I found the book to be very enjoyable to read. The author and translator give the reader a very realilstic glimpse of what it was like to have been a girl in a 19th century Muslim city. The reader also experiences Malika's jealousy of her brother and her confusion about becoming a woman and following their customs. "This quiet story is notable for the intimate picture of the traditional Muslim world that it conveys; unfortunately, not until the author's note at the end is the time period made evident. The imprecise use of language may make it difficult for readers to visualize this distant world and to understand the characters' motivations." (School Library Journal, 2004). I found that I did not quite agree with the second portion of this critique. There are clues within the story that indicate that the story is not set in modern times. There is no mention of electricity or cars. Oil lamps are used for light and camels are the main form of transportation. I also did not find the language to be imprecise and thoroughly understood the character's motivations. Malika was struggling against being confined to centuries of Muslim custom and wishing she could have more freedom. I found this to be a great learning experience of what it would have been like to have lived as a young Muslim girl during this time period.
School Library Journal. 1 November, 2005. Books in Print. [database online]. Available from http://ezproxy.twu.edu:2066/merge_shared/details/details.asp?item_uid=55556689&viewItemIndex=0&navPage=1&FullText=&BipAlertQueryString=&BipAlertDisplayQText=.

tokenized:
Baum , L. Frank . 1996 . THE WIZARD OF OZ . Ill. by Lisbeth Zwerger . New York : North - South Books . ISBN : 1558586385 .
 This is an abridged version of Baum 's The Wizard of Oz complete with rich illustrations by Lisbeth Zwerger . I have never read the original version by Baum , so I can not describe the differences between the versions . While there are similarities to the movie version , there are also a great many differences . I read about many events and characters that were never featured in the movie . The main characters are the same , Dorothy , the Scarecrow , the Tin Man , and the Cowardly Lion . What was new for me was reading about the Queen of the Field Mice , the Hammer - Heads , and the land and people made of China . In this version , the Wicked Witch sends wolves , crows , and bees against Dorothy and her companions before sending the flying monkeys to bring the Cowardly Lion and Dorothy back to her castle . Some parts are actually quite violent such as the Tin Man decapitating the wolves that attack them and the Cowardly Lion takes the head off of an enormous spider .
 The water color illustrations by Zwerger are done in rich , vibrant colors and feature full page art as well as small cameos on pages . The characters are not depicted as most of us in the United States are used to seeing them . The Scarecrow is very fat , Dorothy does not wear the famous blue and white checked dress for very long in the book , but instead is pictured mostly in white , and the Cowardly Lion looks like a wild lion and not like a cute stuffed animal . " Viennese illustrator and Hans Christian Andersen Medalist Lisbeth Zwerger takes a fresh look at L. Frank Baum 's The Wizard of Oz in a large - format edition . Zwerger 's fantastical , delicate , eccentric illustrations bear no resemblance to the vision of the movie . " ( Publisher 's Weekly , 1996 ) . Zwerger includes a note at the end of the book that states that she was intimidated by the need to paint the scenes set in the Emerald City in green . In order to solve this problem , the book comes with a pair of green glasses that can be slipped on by the reader to get an enhancement of the illustrations by tinting everything various shades of green .
 My favorite illustration in the story is also used on the front cover of the book . The illustration is of Dorothy , the Scarecrow , and the Tin Man carrying Dorothy and Toto through the infamous poppy field . The poppies are oversized , much taller that the characters , and are a vivid red against a grayish - blue background . The poppies shadows are also shown , adding dimension to the illustration . I also enjoyed the illustration of the Wizard after it has been revealed that he is not a powerful wizard after all . The Wizard looks very small , and more like an elderly professor than a great wizard .
 The strengths of the book are the illustrations . They are bright and colorful and add dimension to the book . I think one of the main weaknesses of the book is that it is abridged . " The deletion of some descriptive and transitional phrases and of various events creates a text that is much flatter and less engaging than the original . " ( School Library Journal , 1991 ) .
 Cultural markers in the book were not obvious to me . I do not have a background in art , so I can only go by what I have found in reviews which say that there is a European influence . " The art , naturally , has a European flavor , here translated into fey paintings that catch the lighter elements of the story . " ( Booklist , 1996 ) .
 I enjoyed reading the " new for me " elements of the story that are not included in the movie version , but I still found the language rather flat and sometimes uninteresting . " All this time Dorothy and her companions had been walking through the thick woods . The road was still paved with yellow bricks , but these were much covered by dried branches and dead leaves from the trees , and the walking was not at all good . " ( Baum 1996 , p. 27 ) It just seems that the language should be more descriptive and lively than what this abridged version has .
 Lindgren , Astrid . 1985 . THE DRAGON WITH RED EYES . Ill. by Ilon Wikland . New York : Viking Penguin Inc. ISBN : 0670816205 .
 This is an interesting story about a brother and sister who go out to the pigsty to see the new piglets that were born during the night . To their surprise , in addition to ten piglets , in a corner by himself is a baby green dragon . After a while , the sow refuses to feed the dragon ( he bites ! ) , and the children take over the chore of feeding the dragon . They feed the dragon candle ends , string , and cork , but the dragon is still not happy . The dragon is both mischievous and lovable and on one October evening he lays his paw against the girl 's cheek as his eyes are full of tears and then flies away , never to be heard from again .
 I enjoyed the story and I thought it had a realistic ending that many children can relate to , especially if they have ever raised a wild animal from a baby and then had to let it go back into the wild . I also thought it interesting that the dragon was never really accepted by the mother pig nor the piglets . I think this demonstrates to children that even though they may not be accepted by the crowd , they still have good qualities of their own that should be valued . Lindgren writes in such a way that will hold the interest of children . " It was true , though I suppose no one will ever discover how it happened . I think the sow was as surprised as we were . She was not particularly fond of her dragon baby , but she got used to him in time - except for his biting her every time she fed him , that is . " ( Lindgren , 1985 ) .
 The illustrations use realistic colors for the pigsty , straw , barn , and outdoors , but the illustrator uses brilliant greens and yellows in illustrating the dragon . This technique really makes the dragon stand out and demonstrate how different he is from the piglets . The most touching illustration shows the little dragon saying goodbye to the little girl . The setting sun is a large ball of blazing orange and the little green dragon really stands out .
 The book has been translated into English from the original Swedish and I could not really tell that it did not take place in the United States . There are a few clues in the illustrations , but not in the text itself . In the illustrations , the little girl has blond hair that is worn in braids . This could be a cultural marker indicating Swedish heritage , but it is not an obvious clue . Another illustration shows a scene from a meadow that includes tall evergreen trees . These trees can also be found in areas of the U.S. as well . Another possible clue in the illustrations is in the picture showing the children 's beds . The boy 's bed has the typical headboard and footboard we are used to , but his bed also includes high sides with boards and his mattress fits down in it like a box . The girl 's bed looks like it is a wooden daybed , again not quite the style we are used to seeing in the United States . Otherwise , it is not obvious where the story takes place .
 I could not find a review of this book anywhere . I could only find one review by a reader on Amazon.com . The reviewer did not agree with the reading level that is posted on the site . The site says the book is appropriate for babies through pre - school . I find I agree with the reviewer that the book is more appropriate for slightly older children from ages pre - school through second grade .
 My overall opinion of the book is positive . It is a story that children will relate to in spite of a somewhat sad but yet realistic ending .
 Bjork , Christina . 1985 . LINNEA IN MONET 'S GARDEN . Ill. by Lena Anderson . New York : R & S Books . ISBN : 9129583144 .
 This is a unique book that blends fiction , art history , and biography together into a seamless whole . The book is told from the point of view of Linnea , a young girl who travels with her elderly friend , Mr. Bloom , to Paris to see Monet 's garden . Mr. Bloom takes Linnea to visit a museum so they can view Impressionist paintings before going to visit Monet 's house and garden in Giverny , France . After her visit to the museum , Linnea now understands what it means for a painter to have been called an Impressionist . Linnea and Mr. Bloom picnic in Monet 's garden and enjoy the famous water lilies that Monet painted .
 I thoroughly enjoyed this book and think it is one of the best children 's books I have read . It mixes the fictional story of Linnea while teaching children about art history and presenting a short biography of Monet and his family . The book presents the information in a fun , interesting way without being didactic or stilted . The following is an example that demonstrates this point , " But Monet practiced capturing impressions . Every day , he studied his bridge . He discovered that it looked different depending on the time of day and the weather . It was sunlight that made the difference . " ( Bjork 1985 , p. 28 ) . What a great way for children to learn how important sunlight was to an Impressionist painter . The language used in the book does not talk down to children , but explains the concept in language that is easily understood and yet entertaining .
 The ink and watercolor illustrations by Anderson are bright and colorful and often reflect the colors used in Monet 's paintings . My favorite illustration shows Linnea on a path in the garden with the different varieties of flowers on either side , nasturtiums overflowing and almost covering the walk , and a black and white cat playing with Linnea and a vine . The colors used really make the flowers stand out and the different shades of green can help the reader get the feel of what it would be like to actually be in the garden . " But , it is the sense of being there , and Linnea 's own enthusiasm , that carries the book . " ( Publisher 's Weekly , 1987 ) . The book also includes actual photographs of several of Monet 's paintings as well as photographs of Monet and his family . The book jacket says that many of the photographs were previously unpublished .
 The book contains many cultural markers . The book describes a hotel in Paris , the Esmerelda , that is on the River Seine in the Left Bank . Linnea describes her view from her hotel window which includes the Notre Dame Cathedral . Linnea also points out that the book The Hunchback of Notre Dame takes place there . The name of the hotel takes its name from the character Esmeralda from the book . Linnea describes taking the Metro , the underground train in Paris , to the Marmottan , the art museum . Linnea also describes the food that she and Mr. Bloom buy for their picnic lunch at Monet 's garden . They buy bread called a baguette , a goat cheese and a cow 's milk cheese , pate ` , tomatoes , nectarines , mineral water , and cider . The book also tells the reader that Monet 's biggest pictures that cover the walls of a big round room are called the Water Lily Rooms and are located in the Orangerie in Paris . The Orangerie used to be the King 's greenhouse but is now a museum .
 The book has amazing illustrations and photographs of artworks and of Monet and his family . The book also includes a section at the end that lists more things to do in Paris and a timeline of Monet 's life . I like the small illustration at the very end in the bottom corner that has Linnea smiling and saying Au Revoir !
 Publisher 's Weekly . 30 October , 1987 . Books in Print . [ database online ] . Available from http://ezproxy.twu.edu:2066/merge_shared/details/details.asp?item_uid=937497&viewItemIndex=0&navPage=1&FullText=&BipAlertQueryString=&BipAlertDisplayQText=.
 Stolz , Joelle . 2004 . THE SHADOWS OF GHADAMES . New York : Delacourte Press . ISBN : 0385731043 .
 This story takes place in the Libyan city of Ghadames in the late 19th century . The women in Ghadames are segregated from the men and lead a quiet life confined to their homes and rooftops . Malika is approaching her twelfth birthday , a time when she is approaching adulthood , and according to her family 's Berber custom , a time when she is close to marriageable age and will be confined to the world of women . Malika is not looking forward to this as she yearns for more . She wants to learn how to read and dreams of visiting far off places which she knows will never happen once she is confined to the world of women . Her world does get expanded slightly when her mother and her father 's second wife secretly take in a wounded stranger and nurse him to health . He teaches Malika how to read Arabic and describes the places he has visited and widens Malika 's world .
 The book is full of cultural markers since it describes the Muslim culture which many in the United States are not familiar with . The women are segregated from the men and must wear veils . The only men the women see or talk to are the men in their own family . When Malika and Bilkisu go to the women 's baths , their servant must make noise in the street before them to alert any man on the street that there are women coming . If they hear a loud stamp on the ground they must go back and hide in a doorway for the man to pass before they can go on . Many of the women are tattooed and Malika is anxious for the time when the meanings of the tattoos will be explained to her . Her brother , Jasim , is working for their Uncle while their father is away . When their Uncle visits the women to tell them of a stranger and of his mysterious disappearance , he also describes how grown up Jasim has become and Jasim 's mother then tells Jasim and their Uncle that Jasim can no longer come to the rooftops to visit the women . He must go to work each day now ; his childhood has ended . Another cultural distinction is that when Malika 's father leaves on a trading journey , his wives do not wear any jewelry while he is absent . Malika also describes the custom of the oil lamp . " Papa has been careful to place the oil lamp pointing inward in the niche . This way , if a visitor looks in through the hole in the door , he will immediately know that my father is off on a trip . Placed another way , or unlit , the lamp conveys a completely different message . For example , The master is in the palm grove . Or , There has been a death in the house . The men know not to knock at the door when , thanks to the little lamp in the entryway , they see that the women are alone in the house . " ( Stolz 2004 , p. 9 ) Jasim loves to torment Malika with the fact that she is a girl and will someday be confined to the world of women . " He never leaves me in peace , always harping on the fact that I am " just a girl . " It is his favorite refrain , and he whistles it between his teeth with a mocking air as soon as our mothers are out of earshot . " I am going to travel , I am going to drive caravans , I 'll be going to Kano and Timbuktu , and all the way to Mecca and Istanbul ! While you , you 're going to stay right here and never go anywhere ! " ( Stolz 2004 , p. 7 ) . The author also describes the use of camels in the caravans and desert sandstorms . The practice of slavery and servants customs are also described .
 The book has been translated from the original French and I found the book to be very enjoyable to read . The author and translator give the reader a very realilstic glimpse of what it was like to have been a girl in a 19th century Muslim city . The reader also experiences Malika 's jealousy of her brother and her confusion about becoming a woman and following their customs . " This quiet story is notable for the intimate picture of the traditional Muslim world that it conveys ; unfortunately , not until the author 's note at the end is the time period made evident . The imprecise use of language may make it difficult for readers to visualize this distant world and to understand the characters ' motivations . " ( School Library Journal , 2004 ) . I found that I did not quite agree with the second portion of this critique . There are clues within the story that indicate that the story is not set in modern times . There is no mention of electricity or cars . Oil lamps are used for light and camels are the main form of transportation . I also did not find the language to be imprecise and thoroughly understood the character 's motivations . Malika was struggling against being confined to centuries of Muslim custom and wishing she could have more freedom . I found this to be a great learning experience of what it would have been like to have lived as a young Muslim girl during this time period .
 School Library Journal . 1 November , 2005 . Books in Print . [ database online ] . Available from http://ezproxy.twu.edu:2066/merge_shared/details/details.asp?item_uid=55556689&viewItemIndex=0&navPage=1&FullText=&BipAlertQueryString=&BipAlertDisplayQText=.


text: (4 cr) This course is a basic introduction to microprocessor/microcontroller programming using the INTEL 80xxx series of microprocessor/microcontrollers. The course has a strong lab component where students will be exposed to programming the INTEL 80xxx series microprocessors in addition to learning their basic architecture. Topics include Assembly language programming, instruction time cycles, memory interfacing, input-output interfacing, data converters A/D and D/A, interrupts, general purpose programmable peripherals, etc. If time permits, students will be asked to do a lab project in which the microprocessor/microcontroller is used in a real-life application, e.g., a digital thermometer. Prerequisites: ENGR 305 and CPE 386 .

tokenized: ( 4 cr ) This course is a basic introduction to microprocessor / microcontroller programming using the INTEL 80xxx series of microprocessor / microcontrollers . The course has a strong lab component where students will be exposed to programming the INTEL 80xxx series microprocessors in addition to learning their basic architecture . Topics include Assembly language programming , instruction time cycles , memory interfacing , input - output interfacing , data converters A / D and D / A , interrupts , general purpose programmable peripherals , etc . If time permits , students will be asked to do a lab project in which the microprocessor / microcontroller is used in a real - life application , e.g. , a digital thermometer . Prerequisites : ENGR 305 and CPE 386 .


text: This paper analyzes the influence of evolution activities such as refactoring on software defects. In a case study of five open source projects we used attributes of software evolution to predict defects in time periods of six months. We use versioning and issue tracking systems to extract 110 data mining features, which are separated into refactoring and non-refactoring related features. These features are used as input into classification algorithms that create prediction models for software defects. We found out that refactoring related features as well as non-refactoring related features lead to high quality prediction models. Additionally, we discovered that refactorings and defects have an inverse correlation: The number of software defects decreases, if the number of refactorings increased in the preceding time period. As a result, refactoring should be a signiﬁcant part of both bug ﬁxes and other evolutionary changes to reduce software defects.

tokenized: This paper analyzes the influence of evolution activities such as refactoring on software defects . In a case study of five open source projects we used attributes of software evolution to predict defects in time periods of six months . We use versioning and issue tracking systems to extract 110 data mining features , which are separated into refactoring and non - refactoring related features . These features are used as input into classification algorithms that create prediction models for software defects . We found out that refactoring related features as well as non - refactoring related features lead to high quality prediction models . Additionally , we discovered that refactorings and defects have an inverse correlation : The number of software defects decreases , if the number of refactorings increased in the preceding time period . As a result , refactoring should be a signiﬁcant part of both bug ﬁxes and other evolutionary changes to reduce software defects .


text:
1. What are some of the consequences of fluoroquinolone overuse?
2. Which antimicrobial resistance rates are issues in your health region?
3. Is there opportunity to influence prescribing habits through educational intervention?
Other CSHP 2015 "winning" success stories will also be highlighted at the end of the session.
Management and Leadership Best Practices Award, sponsored by Apotex Inc.
Given the often limited human and financial resources, managers should consider the best evidence available on a profession’s impact to plan healthcare services within an organization. Data are few on ranking healthcare programs in order to prioritize which healthcare program would mostly benefit from the delivery of pharmaceutical care by decentralised pharmacists. The aim of this project was to establish a consensual and coherent ranking of healthcare programs that involve the presence of decentralized pharmacists, based on health outcome, health costs and safe delivery of care.
This descriptive study was derived from a structured dialogue (Delphi technique) among directors of pharmacy department. We established a quantitative profile of healthcare programs of five sites that involved the provision of decentralised pharmaceutical care. A summary table of evidence established a unique quality rating per inpatient or outpatient healthcare program. Each director rated the perceived impact of pharmaceutical care per inpatient or outpatient healthcare program on three fields: health outcome, health costs and safe delivery of care. Directors agreed by consensus on the final ranking of healthcare programs.
A ranking was assigned for each of the 18 healthcare programs for outpatient care and the 17 healthcare programs for inpatient care involving the presence of pharmacists, based on health outcome, health costs and safe delivery of care. There was a good correlation between ranking based on data from the 2007–2008 Canadian report on hospital pharmacy practice and the ranking proposed by directors of pharmacy department.
The use of strength of evidence quality rating combined with Delphi technique allowed our panel experts to propose a final consensual ranking of which healthcare programs would need to benefit from pharmaceutical care. Our study suggested that the ranking by the panellists was influenced by the quality of the evidences available and by current allocation of pharmacists in healthcare programs in Canada.
A novel approach used to rank healthcare programs that include the provision of pharmaceutical care by decentralised pharmacists was described. This ranking approach was based on the perceived impact of pharmaceutical care healthcare program on three fields: health outcome, health costs and safe delivery of care.
The impact of clinical pharmacists on improving the quality of patient care in surgery is not well described.
The objective was to prospectively evaluate clinical and economic outcomes after clinical pharmacist services were added to two general surgery wards in an adult tertiary care centre.
This was a prospective, observational study. All clinical interventions were documented and assessed for severity, value and the probability of preventing adverse drug events (ADE). Cost avoidance was calculated using two methods: by avoiding additional days in hospital ($3593/ADE) or additional hospital costs ($7215/ADE). Two pharmacists independently categorized the interventions; disagreements were resolved by consensus.
The pharmacists made 1097 interventions in six months with a 98% acceptance rate by surgical staff. Half of the interventions were rated significant for severity (561, 51.1%) and value (559, 51.0%). One-quarter of the interventions had a 40% or greater probability of preventing an ADE (270, 24.6%). Cost avoidance was estimated to be $0.68 – 1.36 million or $617 to $1239 per intervention.
The importance of having pharmacists manage the drug therapy needs of the post-surgical patient was demonstrated. Investments in a clinical pharmacist position in surgery may yield a benefit to cost ratio of 7:1.
Patient Care Enhancement Award, sponsored by TEVA Canada Ltd.
Opioid analgesics are high alert medications that are known to cause adverse drug events.
To determine the cause of opioid incidents that require the administration of naloxone (opioid reversal agent).
A retrospective chart review of inpatients who received naloxone for reversal of toxicity resulting from licit, in-hospital opioid use was conducted. Cases were analyzed to determine preventability, and preventable cases were assessed to determine the phase of the medication process where incident occurred, as well as the type of incident that occurred (determined through thematic grouping). The drug responsible for toxicity was determined, and the proportion of cases documented by occurrence reporting was noted.
Thirty-six cases were identified, 29 (80.6%) of which were preventable. The primary medication incident occurred most frequently in the prescribing phase, but multiple phases were often involved. Six types of incidents were identified thematically. Morphine was the drug that most frequently resulted in toxicity. Two (5.6%) cases were documented by occurrence reports.
Opioid incidents occurred in the acute care centres under study. Targeted educational initiatives or policy changes are required to decrease the frequency of these incidents and better document their occurrence.
Critically ill children require sedation for comfort and to facilitate interventions. Dexmedetomidine is a newer sedative with little safety data in pediatrics, particularly with durations of therapy greater than 48 hours.
To quantify the frequency of adverse events and withdrawal syndromes associated with dexmedetomidine and describe its use for continuous sedation in critically ill children.
A retrospective medical record review of patients who received dexmedetomidine for sedation in the Pediatric Intensive Care Unit. Adverse events were assessed using a Naranjo Score to determine the likelihood of an association with dexmedetomidine.
Included were 144 patients (median age 34 months (range 0 to 17.7 years)) with 153 treatment courses. Mean infusion rate was 0.42 (SD 0.17; range 0.05 to 2) mcg/kg/h. Median therapy duration was 20.5 (range 0.75 to 854.75) hours. Hypotension (N=81 (52.9%)) and bradycardia (N=38 (24.8%)) were the most common adverse events, and were “probably” attributable to dexmedetomidine in 17 (11%) and 9 (6%) of treatment courses, respectively. Agitation and hypertension were the most common withdrawal symptoms observed.
Dexmedetomidine is commonly administered for greater than 24 hours in our institution and is generally well tolerated. Patients receiving dexmedetomidine for over 24 hours should be monitored for withdrawal following discontinuation.
Secondary prevention medications, including acetylsalicylic acid (ASA), statins, ß-blockers and angiotensin-modulating agents (angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors or angiotensin receptor blockers), are recommended in patients who have undergone coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) surgery.
To evaluate the rate of secondary prevention medication utilization from discharge to one-year post-CABG surgery for a cohort of adult patients at the Mazankowski Alberta Heart Institute in Edmonton, Alberta.
A retrospective analysis was performed using a clinical patient registry. A randomly selected subset of patients was invited to evaluate medication utilization at one-year post-surgery using community pharmacy records.
The registry identified 1,031 patients. The mean age was 66 years and 80% were male. The proportion of patients discharged on all four medications post-CABG surgery was 35%. The individual utilization rates for ASA, statins, ß-blockers and angiotensin-modulating agents were 96%, 94%, 92% and 42%, respectively. Of the patients invited to participate in the one-year evaluation, 151 (39%) provided consent. The proportion of patients on all four medications at one-year was 48%. Individual utilization rates for ASA, statins, ß-blockers and angiotensin-modulating agents were 95%, 84%, 84% and 65%, respectively.
The rate of utilization of four secondary prevention medications was 35% at discharge and 48% at one-year post-CABG surgery. These rates were primarily limited by the low use of angiotensin-modulating agents.
Maintenance of an up-to-date medication list, using medication reconciliation (MedRec) to identify discrepancies, has been shown to reduce adverse drug events in hemodialysis patients.
Develop and implement a renal program-wide, sustainable MedRec program primarily using nurses.
The project team worked with the hemodialysis nurses to develop a standardized MedRec process utilizing the provincial patient database and guidelines from Safer Healthcare Now. The nurses were educated and given tools to support them to gather a best possible medication history (BPMH). An Evaluation Analyst developed a Logic Model and Data Collection Plan to support the project.
After one year, the percentage of medications with a discrepancy and the average number fell from 23% to 15% and 3.9 to 2.7 per patient, respectively. Over 85% of the staff surveyed stated that there were now clear processes and tools in place to conduct a BPMH, update the medication lists in the provincial renal database, and to communicate the medication information to the patient and other caregivers.
A project team consisting of three hospital pharmacists with support from an Evaluation Analyst was able to successfully standardize a MedRec process in a regional outpatient HD program primarily using nurses.
We sought to create an effective, accessible, sustainable, multi-faceted pharmacy staff training program for safe handling of hazardous drugs that could be easily adapted for other disciplines. We also wanted to design a program that would advise staff on an ongoing basis about known or reasonably foreseeable risks to safety and health arising from hazardous drugs used in pharmacy work areas.
We conducted a needs assessment, then designed and evaluated a set of instructional materials that form a comprehensive training program for safe handling of hazardous drugs. The materials include a slide presentation intended for face-to-face inservices, a self-learning package in hard copy and on-line format, an annual refresher quiz, and a mock spill drill.
Since inception of the training program in 2010, 335 pharmacy staff members have completed one or more training program components. Field tests of each component have improved content, enabled high success rates on refresher quizzes, and identified opportunities to improve the region’s Safe Medication Handling policy. The training program has been easy to sustain at a reasonable cost.
Our experience has shown that improving staff safety requires not only a policy and associated procedures, job aides and work tools, but also a comprehensive training program to ensure initial and ongoing use of job aides and work tools by front line staff members. Adoption of the pharmacy hazardous drugs training program for training of nursing personnel region-wide attests to the quality of the program and to pharmacy’s medication safety leadership role. Training program materials will be available for viewing during the facilitated poster presentation.
Since the publication of the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health Alert on hazardous drugs in 2004, many healthcare organizations have reviewed their guidelines and procedures for handling hazardous drugs. Occupational exposure may occur when handling, compounding or administering a drug considered to be hazardous, from storage to waste management. The aim of this project was to measure environmental contamination with cyclophosphamide (CP), ifosfamide (IF) and methotrexate (MTX) in pharmacy and patient care areas of hospitals.
Twelve standardized measurement sites within pharmacy (6 sites) and patient care areas (6 sites) were selected. Sites were sampled mid-week at the end of the day. Samples were analyzed for the presence of CP, IF and MTX by UPLC-MS-MS technology. The limit of detection (LOD) was 0.0015 ng/cm 2 for CP, 0.0012 ng/cm 2 for IF and 0.0060 ng/cm 2 for MTX.
A total of 25 hospitals participated in the project (37% response rate). Overall, 259 samples were collected between April 2008 and January 2010 (147 samples from 25 pharmacy areas and 112 samples from 24 patient care areas). No hospital was using a closed system transfer device (CSTD) at the time of the study. The median[min-max] number of sites per center with at least one positive sample for at least one drug of the three hazardous drugs evaluated was 6[1–12]. A total of 135(52%) samples were positive for CP, 53(20%) were positive for IF and 7(3%) were positive for MTX. The median[min-max] concentration was of 0.0035[<LOD-28] ng/cm 2 for CP, <LOD [<LOD-8.6] ng/cm 2 for IF and <LOD [<LOD-0.58] ng/cm 2 for MTX.
CP levels were a good indicator to estimate the level of hazardous drug contamination, considering that it is still largely used in most healthcare centers. It also allowed a good comparison with other studies. Our results from 25 hospitals indicated that it is feasible to have a similar (and in some cases, lower) proportion of CP positive surface samples without the use of a closed-system transfer device.
Periodic surface contamination measurements are necessary to ensure that current practices limit healthcare workers occupational exposure to hazardous drugs. This project have helped participating centers identify their specific areas for improvement. The overall results from this project will also serve as an attainable goal that any Canadian hospital may refer to in order to reduce the risks to healthcare workers’ safety.
Overuse of fluoroquinolone (FQ) antibiotics is associated with outbreaks of MRSA and C. difficile-associated diarrhea and increasing resistance to gram-negative organisms. The Regina Qu’Appelle Health Region (RQHR) has seen increasing E. coli resistance to ciprofloxacin over the last decade. The purpose of this study was to evaluate and optimize empiric treatment of Regina General Hospital (RGH) emergency department (ED) outpatients with uncomplicated UTIs, using antimicrobial stewardship principles to align prescribing with local resistance data and best practice.
An educational strategy, aimed at ED physicians, presented the changes in RQHR antibiotic resistance patterns, principles of antimicrobial stewardship, the drivers of resistance, and a literature review of best practice for outpatient UTIs. An overview of baseline findings from a retrospective chart review, along with the suggested best practice was also presented. A post-intervention audit was conducted in the same manner as the baseline audit for comparison purposes.
Adherence to best practice significantly increased from 40.6% pre-intervention, to 65.8% post-intervention (P<0.001; OR = 2.81, 95% CI 1.51–5.25). There was also a significant change in overall antibiotic selection from pre to post-intervention (P<0.001; OR = 0.25, 95% CI = 0.11–0.58). Further statistical analysis suggests this significance was driven by a decrease in ciprofloxacin use from 32.3% in pre-intervention to 10.5% post-intervention. Future interventions may be required to further improve adherence and to determine what effect this may have on reducing resistance rates of E. coli to ciprofloxacin.
To raise awareness of the potential antimicrobial stewardship interventions which exist in the treatment of a very common infection, outpatient urinary tract infections.
To provide an example of a simply designed, pharmacist lead, inter-professional collaboration on an antimicrobial stewardship initiative in the emergency room setting.
Teaching, Learning, and Education Award, sponsored by Eli Lilly Canada Inc.
Recently discharged patients were surveyed about their preferences for pharmacy services as part of a phone questionnaire to determine the percentage of patients who recalled interacting with the pharmacist during their hospital admission (CSHP 2015 Objective 1.5).
To analyse content of former patients’ open-ended survey responses to a telephone questionnaire.
A telephone questionnaire was conducted with former inpatients randomly selected following discharge from hospitals in Horizon Health Network, New Brunswick. Responses were recorded to the question “what service or information would you like a pharmacist to provide in the hospital that would most help you in managing your medications?” Two raters established response categories, obtained acceptable inter-rater agreement, and independently scored the survey responses.
Sixty-three percent (n=445) of all responses obtained were related to Information About Medication (e.g. purpose, adherence, side effects). Self-Disclosure (23.7%, n=167), detailing experiences with pharmacies, medication or hospital, was the second most common global category. Subjects’ responses were less frequently associated with Pharmacy Services (7.7%, n=54) and their Information Source for Medications (5.3%, n=37).
Most patients would like a pharmacist to provide a general medication overview during their admission. Results suggest many patients are unaware of other clinical pharmacy services.

tokenized:
1 . What are some of the consequences of fluoroquinolone overuse ?
 2 . Which antimicrobial resistance rates are issues in your health region ?
 3 . Is there opportunity to influence prescribing habits through educational intervention ?
 Other CSHP 2015 " winning " success stories will also be highlighted at the end of the session .
 Management and Leadership Best Practices Award , sponsored by Apotex Inc.
 Given the often limited human and financial resources , managers should consider the best evidence available on a profession ’s impact to plan healthcare services within an organization . Data are few on ranking healthcare programs in order to prioritize which healthcare program would mostly benefit from the delivery of pharmaceutical care by decentralised pharmacists . The aim of this project was to establish a consensual and coherent ranking of healthcare programs that involve the presence of decentralized pharmacists , based on health outcome , health costs and safe delivery of care .
 This descriptive study was derived from a structured dialogue ( Delphi technique ) among directors of pharmacy department . We established a quantitative profile of healthcare programs of five sites that involved the provision of decentralised pharmaceutical care . A summary table of evidence established a unique quality rating per inpatient or outpatient healthcare program . Each director rated the perceived impact of pharmaceutical care per inpatient or outpatient healthcare program on three fields : health outcome , health costs and safe delivery of care . Directors agreed by consensus on the final ranking of healthcare programs .
 A ranking was assigned for each of the 18 healthcare programs for outpatient care and the 17 healthcare programs for inpatient care involving the presence of pharmacists , based on health outcome , health costs and safe delivery of care . There was a good correlation between ranking based on data from the 2007–2008 Canadian report on hospital pharmacy practice and the ranking proposed by directors of pharmacy department .
 The use of strength of evidence quality rating combined with Delphi technique allowed our panel experts to propose a final consensual ranking of which healthcare programs would need to benefit from pharmaceutical care . Our study suggested that the ranking by the panellists was influenced by the quality of the evidences available and by current allocation of pharmacists in healthcare programs in Canada .
 A novel approach used to rank healthcare programs that include the provision of pharmaceutical care by decentralised pharmacists was described . This ranking approach was based on the perceived impact of pharmaceutical care healthcare program on three fields : health outcome , health costs and safe delivery of care .
 The impact of clinical pharmacists on improving the quality of patient care in surgery is not well described .
 The objective was to prospectively evaluate clinical and economic outcomes after clinical pharmacist services were added to two general surgery wards in an adult tertiary care centre .
 This was a prospective , observational study . All clinical interventions were documented and assessed for severity , value and the probability of preventing adverse drug events ( ADE ) . Cost avoidance was calculated using two methods : by avoiding additional days in hospital ( $ 3593 / ADE ) or additional hospital costs ( $ 7215 / ADE ) . Two pharmacists independently categorized the interventions ; disagreements were resolved by consensus .
 The pharmacists made 1097 interventions in six months with a 98 % acceptance rate by surgical staff . Half of the interventions were rated significant for severity ( 561 , 51.1 % ) and value ( 559 , 51.0 % ) . One - quarter of the interventions had a 40 % or greater probability of preventing an ADE ( 270 , 24.6 % ) . Cost avoidance was estimated to be $ 0.68 – 1.36 million or $ 617 to $ 1239 per intervention .
 The importance of having pharmacists manage the drug therapy needs of the post - surgical patient was demonstrated . Investments in a clinical pharmacist position in surgery may yield a benefit to cost ratio of 7:1 .
 Patient Care Enhancement Award , sponsored by TEVA Canada Ltd.
 Opioid analgesics are high alert medications that are known to cause adverse drug events .
 To determine the cause of opioid incidents that require the administration of naloxone ( opioid reversal agent ) .
 A retrospective chart review of inpatients who received naloxone for reversal of toxicity resulting from licit , in - hospital opioid use was conducted . Cases were analyzed to determine preventability , and preventable cases were assessed to determine the phase of the medication process where incident occurred , as well as the type of incident that occurred ( determined through thematic grouping ) . The drug responsible for toxicity was determined , and the proportion of cases documented by occurrence reporting was noted .
 Thirty - six cases were identified , 29 ( 80.6 % ) of which were preventable . The primary medication incident occurred most frequently in the prescribing phase , but multiple phases were often involved . Six types of incidents were identified thematically . Morphine was the drug that most frequently resulted in toxicity . Two ( 5.6 % ) cases were documented by occurrence reports .
 Opioid incidents occurred in the acute care centres under study . Targeted educational initiatives or policy changes are required to decrease the frequency of these incidents and better document their occurrence .
 Critically ill children require sedation for comfort and to facilitate interventions . Dexmedetomidine is a newer sedative with little safety data in pediatrics , particularly with durations of therapy greater than 48 hours .
 To quantify the frequency of adverse events and withdrawal syndromes associated with dexmedetomidine and describe its use for continuous sedation in critically ill children .
 A retrospective medical record review of patients who received dexmedetomidine for sedation in the Pediatric Intensive Care Unit . Adverse events were assessed using a Naranjo Score to determine the likelihood of an association with dexmedetomidine .
 Included were 144 patients ( median age 34 months ( range 0 to 17.7 years ) ) with 153 treatment courses . Mean infusion rate was 0.42 ( SD 0.17 ; range 0.05 to 2 ) mcg / kg / h. Median therapy duration was 20.5 ( range 0.75 to 854.75 ) hours . Hypotension ( N=81 ( 52.9 % ) ) and bradycardia ( N=38 ( 24.8 % ) ) were the most common adverse events , and were “ probably ” attributable to dexmedetomidine in 17 ( 11 % ) and 9 ( 6 % ) of treatment courses , respectively . Agitation and hypertension were the most common withdrawal symptoms observed .
 Dexmedetomidine is commonly administered for greater than 24 hours in our institution and is generally well tolerated . Patients receiving dexmedetomidine for over 24 hours should be monitored for withdrawal following discontinuation .
 Secondary prevention medications , including acetylsalicylic acid ( ASA ) , statins , ß - blockers and angiotensin - modulating agents ( angiotensin - converting enzyme inhibitors or angiotensin receptor blockers ) , are recommended in patients who have undergone coronary artery bypass graft ( CABG ) surgery .
 To evaluate the rate of secondary prevention medication utilization from discharge to one - year post - CABG surgery for a cohort of adult patients at the Mazankowski Alberta Heart Institute in Edmonton , Alberta .
 A retrospective analysis was performed using a clinical patient registry . A randomly selected subset of patients was invited to evaluate medication utilization at one - year post - surgery using community pharmacy records .
 The registry identified 1,031 patients . The mean age was 66 years and 80 % were male . The proportion of patients discharged on all four medications post - CABG surgery was 35 % . The individual utilization rates for ASA , statins , ß - blockers and angiotensin - modulating agents were 96 % , 94 % , 92 % and 42 % , respectively . Of the patients invited to participate in the one - year evaluation , 151 ( 39 % ) provided consent . The proportion of patients on all four medications at one - year was 48 % . Individual utilization rates for ASA , statins , ß - blockers and angiotensin - modulating agents were 95 % , 84 % , 84 % and 65 % , respectively .
 The rate of utilization of four secondary prevention medications was 35 % at discharge and 48 % at one - year post - CABG surgery . These rates were primarily limited by the low use of angiotensin - modulating agents .
 Maintenance of an up - to - date medication list , using medication reconciliation ( MedRec ) to identify discrepancies , has been shown to reduce adverse drug events in hemodialysis patients .
 Develop and implement a renal program - wide , sustainable MedRec program primarily using nurses .
 The project team worked with the hemodialysis nurses to develop a standardized MedRec process utilizing the provincial patient database and guidelines from Safer Healthcare Now . The nurses were educated and given tools to support them to gather a best possible medication history ( BPMH ) . An Evaluation Analyst developed a Logic Model and Data Collection Plan to support the project .
 After one year , the percentage of medications with a discrepancy and the average number fell from 23 % to 15 % and 3.9 to 2.7 per patient , respectively . Over 85 % of the staff surveyed stated that there were now clear processes and tools in place to conduct a BPMH , update the medication lists in the provincial renal database , and to communicate the medication information to the patient and other caregivers .
 A project team consisting of three hospital pharmacists with support from an Evaluation Analyst was able to successfully standardize a MedRec process in a regional outpatient HD program primarily using nurses .
 We sought to create an effective , accessible , sustainable , multi - faceted pharmacy staff training program for safe handling of hazardous drugs that could be easily adapted for other disciplines . We also wanted to design a program that would advise staff on an ongoing basis about known or reasonably foreseeable risks to safety and health arising from hazardous drugs used in pharmacy work areas .
 We conducted a needs assessment , then designed and evaluated a set of instructional materials that form a comprehensive training program for safe handling of hazardous drugs . The materials include a slide presentation intended for face - to - face inservices , a self - learning package in hard copy and on - line format , an annual refresher quiz , and a mock spill drill .
 Since inception of the training program in 2010 , 335 pharmacy staff members have completed one or more training program components . Field tests of each component have improved content , enabled high success rates on refresher quizzes , and identified opportunities to improve the region ’s Safe Medication Handling policy . The training program has been easy to sustain at a reasonable cost .
 Our experience has shown that improving staff safety requires not only a policy and associated procedures , job aides and work tools , but also a comprehensive training program to ensure initial and ongoing use of job aides and work tools by front line staff members . Adoption of the pharmacy hazardous drugs training program for training of nursing personnel region - wide attests to the quality of the program and to pharmacy ’s medication safety leadership role . Training program materials will be available for viewing during the facilitated poster presentation .
 Since the publication of the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health Alert on hazardous drugs in 2004 , many healthcare organizations have reviewed their guidelines and procedures for handling hazardous drugs . Occupational exposure may occur when handling , compounding or administering a drug considered to be hazardous , from storage to waste management . The aim of this project was to measure environmental contamination with cyclophosphamide ( CP ) , ifosfamide ( IF ) and methotrexate ( MTX ) in pharmacy and patient care areas of hospitals .
 Twelve standardized measurement sites within pharmacy ( 6 sites ) and patient care areas ( 6 sites ) were selected . Sites were sampled mid - week at the end of the day . Samples were analyzed for the presence of CP , IF and MTX by UPLC - MS - MS technology . The limit of detection ( LOD ) was 0.0015 ng / cm 2 for CP , 0.0012 ng / cm 2 for IF and 0.0060 ng / cm 2 for MTX .
 A total of 25 hospitals participated in the project ( 37 % response rate ) . Overall , 259 samples were collected between April 2008 and January 2010 ( 147 samples from 25 pharmacy areas and 112 samples from 24 patient care areas ) . No hospital was using a closed system transfer device ( CSTD ) at the time of the study . The median[min - max ] number of sites per center with at least one positive sample for at least one drug of the three hazardous drugs evaluated was 6[1–12 ] . A total of 135(52 % ) samples were positive for CP , 53(20 % ) were positive for IF and 7(3 % ) were positive for MTX . The median[min - max ] concentration was of 0.0035[<LOD-28 ] ng / cm 2 for CP , < LOD [ < LOD-8.6 ] ng / cm 2 for IF and < LOD [ < LOD-0.58 ] ng / cm 2 for MTX .
 CP levels were a good indicator to estimate the level of hazardous drug contamination , considering that it is still largely used in most healthcare centers . It also allowed a good comparison with other studies . Our results from 25 hospitals indicated that it is feasible to have a similar ( and in some cases , lower ) proportion of CP positive surface samples without the use of a closed - system transfer device .
 Periodic surface contamination measurements are necessary to ensure that current practices limit healthcare workers occupational exposure to hazardous drugs . This project have helped participating centers identify their specific areas for improvement . The overall results from this project will also serve as an attainable goal that any Canadian hospital may refer to in order to reduce the risks to healthcare workers ’ safety .
 Overuse of fluoroquinolone ( FQ ) antibiotics is associated with outbreaks of MRSA and C. difficile - associated diarrhea and increasing resistance to gram - negative organisms . The Regina Qu’Appelle Health Region ( RQHR ) has seen increasing E. coli resistance to ciprofloxacin over the last decade . The purpose of this study was to evaluate and optimize empiric treatment of Regina General Hospital ( RGH ) emergency department ( ED ) outpatients with uncomplicated UTIs , using antimicrobial stewardship principles to align prescribing with local resistance data and best practice .
 An educational strategy , aimed at ED physicians , presented the changes in RQHR antibiotic resistance patterns , principles of antimicrobial stewardship , the drivers of resistance , and a literature review of best practice for outpatient UTIs . An overview of baseline findings from a retrospective chart review , along with the suggested best practice was also presented . A post - intervention audit was conducted in the same manner as the baseline audit for comparison purposes .
 Adherence to best practice significantly increased from 40.6 % pre - intervention , to 65.8 % post - intervention ( P<0.001 ; OR = 2.81 , 95 % CI 1.51–5.25 ) . There was also a significant change in overall antibiotic selection from pre to post - intervention ( P<0.001 ; OR = 0.25 , 95 % CI = 0.11–0.58 ) . Further statistical analysis suggests this significance was driven by a decrease in ciprofloxacin use from 32.3 % in pre - intervention to 10.5 % post - intervention . Future interventions may be required to further improve adherence and to determine what effect this may have on reducing resistance rates of E. coli to ciprofloxacin .
 To raise awareness of the potential antimicrobial stewardship interventions which exist in the treatment of a very common infection , outpatient urinary tract infections .
 To provide an example of a simply designed , pharmacist lead , inter - professional collaboration on an antimicrobial stewardship initiative in the emergency room setting .
 Teaching , Learning , and Education Award , sponsored by Eli Lilly Canada Inc.
 Recently discharged patients were surveyed about their preferences for pharmacy services as part of a phone questionnaire to determine the percentage of patients who recalled interacting with the pharmacist during their hospital admission ( CSHP 2015 Objective 1.5 ) .
 To analyse content of former patients ’ open - ended survey responses to a telephone questionnaire .
 A telephone questionnaire was conducted with former inpatients randomly selected following discharge from hospitals in Horizon Health Network , New Brunswick . Responses were recorded to the question “ what service or information would you like a pharmacist to provide in the hospital that would most help you in managing your medications ? ” Two raters established response categories , obtained acceptable inter - rater agreement , and independently scored the survey responses .
 Sixty - three percent ( n=445 ) of all responses obtained were related to Information About Medication ( e.g. purpose , adherence , side effects ) . Self - Disclosure ( 23.7 % , n=167 ) , detailing experiences with pharmacies , medication or hospital , was the second most common global category . Subjects ’ responses were less frequently associated with Pharmacy Services ( 7.7 % , n=54 ) and their Information Source for Medications ( 5.3 % , n=37 ) .
 Most patients would like a pharmacist to provide a general medication overview during their admission . Results suggest many patients are unaware of other clinical pharmacy services .


text:
At Mt. Zion reverence for the Lord is a key aspect of our worship (Proverbs 9:10). Our service follows the historic liturgy, joining us with the faithful who have gone before us who worship Jesus as Lord. Christ and His words are the central focus the service.
We make use of music and hymnody that has stood the test of time in the Church and in Lutheran congregations throughout the centuries up to the present day and that faithfully proclaims the teaching of the Scriptures.
There are no legalistic rules for how to dress, but we encourage modesty and dressing in a way that honors the real presence of Christ our Savior among us.
Jesus said, "Let the little children come to Me." We believe people of every age are to be present at divine service to receive the Lord's gifts, from infants to the aged. Children that become fussy can be taken out of church briefly to the narthex or quiet room until they're ready to return. Bring your kids!
Guests should speak with the pastor before coming forward for communion.
There's a large parking lot in the back of the church. Handicap parking is in the front circular drive of the church. The church is handicap accessible through the front door.

tokenized:
At Mt. Zion reverence for the Lord is a key aspect of our worship ( Proverbs 9:10 ) . Our service follows the historic liturgy , joining us with the faithful who have gone before us who worship Jesus as Lord . Christ and His words are the central focus the service .
 We make use of music and hymnody that has stood the test of time in the Church and in Lutheran congregations throughout the centuries up to the present day and that faithfully proclaims the teaching of the Scriptures .
 There are no legalistic rules for how to dress , but we encourage modesty and dressing in a way that honors the real presence of Christ our Savior among us .
 Jesus said , " Let the little children come to Me . " We believe people of every age are to be present at divine service to receive the Lord 's gifts , from infants to the aged . Children that become fussy can be taken out of church briefly to the narthex or quiet room until they 're ready to return . Bring your kids !
 Guests should speak with the pastor before coming forward for communion .
 There 's a large parking lot in the back of the church . Handicap parking is in the front circular drive of the church . The church is handicap accessible through the front door .


text:
Through the years, I have spoken with a number of doctors. A number of them were very closed minded about herbal treatments, but many were a minimum of interested. However, merely a couple of had any training about herbs.
Tip #1) Enable your physician function as the physician. Merely a physician can identify and prescribe, for excellent reason. They have had working out to inform wrong and the way to address it. If you think an issue, go ahead and bring it up, try not to argue about this. Utilize this understanding.
Tip #2) Bring information. There are lots of books and internet sites which have caffeine constituents of numerous herbs. This post is fundamental to attorney at law, because a few of these constituents act like medications.
Tip #3) Watch out for interactions. If you can aquire a listing of the interactions that might be helpful for the physician. It’s also wise to be familiar with negative effects and safeguards. A good example of the requirement for safeguards include pregnancy and auto-immune disorders. These can generate problems when combined with herbal treatments.
Tip #4) Be truthful by what you are taking. Inform your physician the all supplements and pay attention to what he states. Even “minor” such things as garlic clove and omega-3 fatty acids may cause problems. For example, both garlic clove and omega-3 fatty acids are bloodstream thinners.
Tip #5) Not every conditions may be treatable effectively using alternative remedies, and based on them alone might be deadly. When confronted with severe illness, it is crucial that both you and your physician or doctors form a group. If you think vitamins is going to be advantageous, discuss it together with your physician, but depend with their knowledge of the problem.
Tip #6) Speak to your pharmacist. Pharmacists usually learn more about supplements than doctors, and could be an excellent ally. They are able to provide information to consider for your physician and may place a potentially deadly interaction rapidly…when they know you are taking it.
Not every doctors will respond positively to those tips, therefore if using alternatives is essential for you, find the best physician who’s unbiased. It is crucial you don’t self identify and self prescribe, the physician is in your corner and desires you to definitely eat well.

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Through the years , I have spoken with a number of doctors . A number of them were very closed minded about herbal treatments , but many were a minimum of interested . However , merely a couple of had any training about herbs .
 Tip # 1 ) Enable your physician function as the physician . Merely a physician can identify and prescribe , for excellent reason . They have had working out to inform wrong and the way to address it . If you think an issue , go ahead and bring it up , try not to argue about this . Utilize this understanding .
 Tip # 2 ) Bring information . There are lots of books and internet sites which have caffeine constituents of numerous herbs . This post is fundamental to attorney at law , because a few of these constituents act like medications .
 Tip # 3 ) Watch out for interactions . If you can aquire a listing of the interactions that might be helpful for the physician . It ’s also wise to be familiar with negative effects and safeguards . A good example of the requirement for safeguards include pregnancy and auto - immune disorders . These can generate problems when combined with herbal treatments .
 Tip # 4 ) Be truthful by what you are taking . Inform your physician the all supplements and pay attention to what he states . Even “ minor ” such things as garlic clove and omega-3 fatty acids may cause problems . For example , both garlic clove and omega-3 fatty acids are bloodstream thinners .
 Tip # 5 ) Not every conditions may be treatable effectively using alternative remedies , and based on them alone might be deadly . When confronted with severe illness , it is crucial that both you and your physician or doctors form a group . If you think vitamins is going to be advantageous , discuss it together with your physician , but depend with their knowledge of the problem .
 Tip # 6 ) Speak to your pharmacist . Pharmacists usually learn more about supplements than doctors , and could be an excellent ally . They are able to provide information to consider for your physician and may place a potentially deadly interaction rapidly … when they know you are taking it .
 Not every doctors will respond positively to those tips , therefore if using alternatives is essential for you , find the best physician who ’s unbiased . It is crucial you do n’t self identify and self prescribe , the physician is in your corner and desires you to definitely eat well .


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By setting a 3D design, photography, software development in one, We are the virtual reality professional institute and registered branding company with the services of providing panoramic, VR, AR,body content customization.
EXPLORE TEC specializes in browser-based panoramic display services.
Panorama display is mainly used in tourist attractions, hotel rooms, art galleries, model rooms, second-hand housing, digital museum and other space environment.
EXPLORE TEC specializes in somatosensory hardware-based somatosensory programming services.
Somatosensory program custom is mainly used in exhibitions, on-site sales, warm-field activities and other environments.

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By setting a 3D design , photography , software development in one , We are the virtual reality professional institute and registered branding company with the services of providing panoramic , VR , AR , body content customization .
 EXPLORE TEC specializes in browser - based panoramic display services .
 Panorama display is mainly used in tourist attractions , hotel rooms , art galleries , model rooms , second - hand housing , digital museum and other space environment .
 EXPLORE TEC specializes in somatosensory hardware - based somatosensory programming services .
 Somatosensory program custom is mainly used in exhibitions , on - site sales , warm - field activities and other environments .


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no. 57 The Cracovienne : danced by Madlle. Fanny Elssler in the grand ballet of The Gypsey / composed by N. C. Bochsa New York : John F. Nunns, between 1843 and 1848 None Portrait of Fanny Elssler in costume / Thos. Sinclair Lith.
no. 60 Fanny Elssler Waltzes / composed expressly for her by C. F. Rudolph Philadelphia : Osbourn's Music Saloon, between 1835 and 1842 277 Portrait of Fanny Elssler in a dance pose / Sinclair's Lith.
no. 21 El Jaleo de Jeres : The New Cachoucha : danced by Madlle. Fanny Elssler in the grand ballet La Gitana at her majesty's theatre, the courts of Paris & St. Petersburgh / arranged for the piano forte by C. W. Glover New York : Hewitt & Jaques, between 1837 and 1841 None Portrait of Fanny Elssler in costume and in a dance pose / W. K. Hewitt ; N. Currier's Lith.
no. 63 Melle. Fanny Elssler's Quadrilles : arranged for the piano forte / by Ch. Jarvis Philadelphia : A. Fiot, 1840 None Five portraits of Fanny Elssler in various dance poses and costumes / P. S. Duval Lith.

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no . 57 The Cracovienne : danced by Madlle . Fanny Elssler in the grand ballet of The Gypsey / composed by N. C. Bochsa New York : John F. Nunns , between 1843 and 1848 None Portrait of Fanny Elssler in costume / Thos . Sinclair Lith .
 no . 60 Fanny Elssler Waltzes / composed expressly for her by C. F. Rudolph Philadelphia : Osbourn 's Music Saloon , between 1835 and 1842 277 Portrait of Fanny Elssler in a dance pose / Sinclair 's Lith .
 no . 21 El Jaleo de Jeres : The New Cachoucha : danced by Madlle . Fanny Elssler in the grand ballet La Gitana at her majesty 's theatre , the courts of Paris & St. Petersburgh / arranged for the piano forte by C. W. Glover New York : Hewitt & Jaques , between 1837 and 1841 None Portrait of Fanny Elssler in costume and in a dance pose / W. K. Hewitt ; N. Currier 's Lith .
 no . 63 Melle . Fanny Elssler 's Quadrilles : arranged for the piano forte / by Ch . Jarvis Philadelphia : A. Fiot , 1840 None Five portraits of Fanny Elssler in various dance poses and costumes / P. S. Duval Lith .


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Believed to be the world’s oldest multi-organ animal, the jellyfish has captured the fascination of both the public and scientific communities for centuries. However, relatively little is known about the relationship between these spectral creatures and the global ecosystem due to a lack of historical data.
The Jellyfish Database Initiative, or JeDI, maps global jellyfish biomass, serving as an evolving record of jellyfish distribution patterns and the environmental factors that shape them. An international study led by the University of Southampton produced the database, which holds over 500,000 data items related to jellyfish.
Anecdotal evidence and a few sparse studies popularized the perception. Condon admitted that he and some of his colleagues once helped spread that notion, but a study, led by Condon and published in 2013, would set the story straight.
These questions revolved around global jellyfish populations, and the relationship between jellyfish and environmental characteristics such as temperature and dissolved oxygen. To answer them, Condon and his team needed a way to establish a baseline dataset. The project resulted in the 2013 study, the findings of which grew into the JeDI database.
Constructed by Jim Regetz of University of California, Santa Barbara, and managed by Condon and the Global Jellyfish Group, JeDI incorporates data from resources such as ship logs, scientific studies and older datasets.
At the time of Condon’s study, the perceived increase in global jellyfish abundance was attributed to a decline in ocean health. Examining the dataset that would become JeDI, the researchers discovered a telling trend.
The baseline data helped Condon establish correlations between jellyfish biomass, temperature and dissolved oxygen. He found that temperature has a positive correlation with biomass, whereas dissolved oxygen is negatively correlated with biomass. Condon stressed that this relationship isn’t necessarily the product of global climate change, but it does have global implications.
As JeDI continues to grow, Condon said he would like to develop a smartphone app that allows users to upload jellyfish images and GPS data to the database. An app produced by citizen science project JellyWatch inspired the concept.
But why monitor the humble jellyfish at all?
“From a human impact point of view, jellyfish both negatively and positively affect human activity,” Condon said. Humans depend on the ocean for fisheries, tourism and recreation, but the presence of even one box jellyfish, for instance — with venom capable of killing an adult in minutes — can halt marine activities.
The open-access version of JeDI is nearing completion, and will be available to the public at the University of North Carolina Wilmington website. Until then, researchers can still request or submit data by contacting Condon.
When asked if JeDI is an intentional reference to the Star Wars film series, Condon laughed.

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Believed to be the world ’s oldest multi - organ animal , the jellyfish has captured the fascination of both the public and scientific communities for centuries . However , relatively little is known about the relationship between these spectral creatures and the global ecosystem due to a lack of historical data .
 The Jellyfish Database Initiative , or JeDI , maps global jellyfish biomass , serving as an evolving record of jellyfish distribution patterns and the environmental factors that shape them . An international study led by the University of Southampton produced the database , which holds over 500,000 data items related to jellyfish .
 Anecdotal evidence and a few sparse studies popularized the perception . Condon admitted that he and some of his colleagues once helped spread that notion , but a study , led by Condon and published in 2013 , would set the story straight .
 These questions revolved around global jellyfish populations , and the relationship between jellyfish and environmental characteristics such as temperature and dissolved oxygen . To answer them , Condon and his team needed a way to establish a baseline dataset . The project resulted in the 2013 study , the findings of which grew into the JeDI database .
 Constructed by Jim Regetz of University of California , Santa Barbara , and managed by Condon and the Global Jellyfish Group , JeDI incorporates data from resources such as ship logs , scientific studies and older datasets .
 At the time of Condon ’s study , the perceived increase in global jellyfish abundance was attributed to a decline in ocean health . Examining the dataset that would become JeDI , the researchers discovered a telling trend .
 The baseline data helped Condon establish correlations between jellyfish biomass , temperature and dissolved oxygen . He found that temperature has a positive correlation with biomass , whereas dissolved oxygen is negatively correlated with biomass . Condon stressed that this relationship is n’t necessarily the product of global climate change , but it does have global implications .
 As JeDI continues to grow , Condon said he would like to develop a smartphone app that allows users to upload jellyfish images and GPS data to the database . An app produced by citizen science project JellyWatch inspired the concept .
 But why monitor the humble jellyfish at all ?
 “ From a human impact point of view , jellyfish both negatively and positively affect human activity , ” Condon said . Humans depend on the ocean for fisheries , tourism and recreation , but the presence of even one box jellyfish , for instance — with venom capable of killing an adult in minutes — can halt marine activities .
 The open - access version of JeDI is nearing completion , and will be available to the public at the University of North Carolina Wilmington website . Until then , researchers can still request or submit data by contacting Condon .
 When asked if JeDI is an intentional reference to the Star Wars film series , Condon laughed .


text: Personalize your truck with these quality manufactured 33 mm Spike Chrome Plastic Screw-On Nut Covers. These covers feature a spike style, are made of chrome plastic, and feature a stylish flange. These lug nuts fit most trucks with 33 mm lug nut. Comes in a 10 pack.

tokenized: Personalize your truck with these quality manufactured 33 mm Spike Chrome Plastic Screw - On Nut Covers . These covers feature a spike style , are made of chrome plastic , and feature a stylish flange . These lug nuts fit most trucks with 33 mm lug nut . Comes in a 10 pack .


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Sep 22, 2017 Athom Homey REVIEW - One Home Automation Controller suits ALL. as a template to enable you to easily return to it at a later date. You can jakarta dating app quebec Dating blog australia ervaring Sep 20, 2018 World Nomads is a travel insurance designed by travellers to cover everything they need during their trip. Presentation and review of their International dating sites, our top lijst datingsites eMatching Kosten, Review your parents immigrated Het spannend om iemand blog Nieuwste items vindt je bij je zelf moeten betalen. Ook niet uit meer dating experience, join and Australia.
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Sep 22 , 2017 Athom Homey REVIEW - One Home Automation Controller suits ALL . as a template to enable you to easily return to it at a later date . You can jakarta dating app quebec Dating blog australia ervaring Sep 20 , 2018 World Nomads is a travel insurance designed by travellers to cover everything they need during their trip . Presentation and review of their International dating sites , our top lijst datingsites eMatching Kosten , Review your parents immigrated Het spannend om iemand blog Nieuwste items vindt je bij je zelf moeten betalen . Ook niet uit meer dating experience , join and Australia .
 DualShockers is a gaming news site . We provide the latest gaming news , gaming reviews , and trailers for PlayStation 4 , Xbox One , Nintendo Switch , PC , and Dating blog australia ervaring Sometimes , the most annoying thing about having an interchangeable - lens camera is the interchangeable - lens part . Prime lenses and short - range zoom lenses In a statement released on anarchist blog Sans Attendre on 16 October , an unidentified Euronaval 2018 : Leonardo 's Oto Marlin 40 selected for Australian Project SEA 1180 Phase 1 OPVs . JANE 'S INTERNATIONAL DEFENCE REVIEW .
 On you can find a new kind of accommodation : vacation rentals , apartments and guest houses , owned by friendly locals across the world . pareja javier cardenas Dating blog australia ervaring okc dating blog dc Security flaw in dating app tinder ervaringen . r / dating 10 best dating sites australia ervaring Security flaw in dating app tinder ervaringen . dating blog australia ervaring 3 date rule dating site . 10 questions for rule dating site . is perrie edwards dating zayn malik for fame prijs 3 date rule dating site .
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positions at our office in Lagos.
All application accompanied with a detailed CV in MS Word format (not more than 2 pages) along with a passport size photo must be sent to our email (career@grimaldi-nigeria.com ) within one week of this publication.
The subject line of the email must include the reference number for the position applied. No manual application at company office would be accepted.
A manager level position that is responsible not only to maintain existing customers but also secure new business for company's container and general cargo business. He/she must have great passion for sales and be ready to deliver fantastic results.
Minimum of 5 years cognate experience in maritime industry including 3 years in similar position.
A manager level position that is responsible for coordinating the day to day activities of the marketing unit. He/she must be energetic, have flair for data and possess an analytic mind.
Minimum of 7 years cognate experience in maritime industry including 3 years in similar position.
This is a team leader position. The individual will be required to supervise and coordinate the activities of the customer care team dealing with customer enquiries, advisories and information.
We are looking out for a dynamic and energetic person to lead the internal audit department. He/She, an experienced accountant, will be responsible to audit all functions of the agency. The manager is expected to implement tools to identify areas of deficiency in an efficient manner and suggest corrective actions to management. The manager leads a team of 4 staff currently with future increase in the department portfolio.
Coordinate, supervise and control the general tasks related to audit of documents, charges and fraud prevention.
Study operational procedures of all departments and suggest improvement on regular basis.
Report compliance to all statutory provisions of the federal/state and local laws.
A good first degree in Social sciences (2nd class upper preferable) from a reputable University/Polytechnic.
Qualified chartered accountant (lCAN, ACCA, CMA).
Minimum 5 years cognate experience in maritime industry including 3 years in similar position.

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positions at our office in Lagos .
 All application accompanied with a detailed CV in MS Word format ( not more than 2 pages ) along with a passport size photo must be sent to our email ( career@grimaldi-nigeria.com ) within one week of this publication .
 The subject line of the email must include the reference number for the position applied . No manual application at company office would be accepted .
 A manager level position that is responsible not only to maintain existing customers but also secure new business for company 's container and general cargo business . He / she must have great passion for sales and be ready to deliver fantastic results .
 Minimum of 5 years cognate experience in maritime industry including 3 years in similar position .
 A manager level position that is responsible for coordinating the day to day activities of the marketing unit . He / she must be energetic , have flair for data and possess an analytic mind .
 Minimum of 7 years cognate experience in maritime industry including 3 years in similar position .
 This is a team leader position . The individual will be required to supervise and coordinate the activities of the customer care team dealing with customer enquiries , advisories and information .
 We are looking out for a dynamic and energetic person to lead the internal audit department . He / She , an experienced accountant , will be responsible to audit all functions of the agency . The manager is expected to implement tools to identify areas of deficiency in an efficient manner and suggest corrective actions to management . The manager leads a team of 4 staff currently with future increase in the department portfolio .
 Coordinate , supervise and control the general tasks related to audit of documents , charges and fraud prevention .
 Study operational procedures of all departments and suggest improvement on regular basis .
 Report compliance to all statutory provisions of the federal / state and local laws .
 A good first degree in Social sciences ( 2nd class upper preferable ) from a reputable University / Polytechnic .
 Qualified chartered accountant ( lCAN , ACCA , CMA ) .
 Minimum 5 years cognate experience in maritime industry including 3 years in similar position .


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If you get a message from a person by the name of Robert Bart, run as fast as you can.
He says he was born in Rome has a son name Jimmy lost his wife in a car accident 6 yrs ago. The lies go on...he is a con man and will take you for every dime.
He is good looking but he is a wolf in sheep's clothing...don't believe anything!..all he wants is your money!!!!

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If you get a message from a person by the name of Robert Bart , run as fast as you can .
 He says he was born in Rome has a son name Jimmy lost his wife in a car accident 6 yrs ago . The lies go on ... he is a con man and will take you for every dime .
 He is good looking but he is a wolf in sheep 's clothing ... don't believe anything! .. all he wants is your money ! ! ! !