text:
Please Assist NGOs by Contributing Funds towards Projects Listed here.
Please use the "Contribution Form" below to communicate your assistance to NGOs.
Project: Training of Respite providers and primary caregivers for senior and children with mental impairment.
The specific objective of the project is to train and empower carers, respite providers, special needs educators, primary caregivers, parents and professionals. The training is offered by a team comprising of occupational therapist, speech therapist, psychologist, physiotherapist and nutritionist as well as a team of foreign experts to implement new techniques to improve the lives of our Special Needs Children and seniors .
List of NGO Projects in the Republic of Mauritius requiring Funding.

tokenized:
Please Assist NGOs by Contributing Funds towards Projects Listed here .
 Please use the " Contribution Form " below to communicate your assistance to NGOs .
 Project : Training of Respite providers and primary caregivers for senior and children with mental impairment .
 The specific objective of the project is to train and empower carers , respite providers , special needs educators , primary caregivers , parents and professionals . The training is offered by a team comprising of occupational therapist , speech therapist , psychologist , physiotherapist and nutritionist as well as a team of foreign experts to implement new techniques to improve the lives of our Special Needs Children and seniors .
 List of NGO Projects in the Republic of Mauritius requiring Funding .


text:
Use A-Z Databases to view our full list of databases by name, subject, and vendor.
Use SmartSearch to retrieve information from multiple databases at once.
Use Journal Search to search by a journal's title in the databases.
Select a database, and click the Go button.
Use LibGuides for research assistance, subject guides, and useful resources compiled by your friendly librarians.
Select a guide, and click the Go button.
Submit your questions and view our FAQs on LibAnswers, or chat with us live.
The Georgetown Campus Library will close at 4:00 pm on 3/27/19. Additionally, this campus library will also be closed on 3/28 and 3/29. Please visit or contact the Conway Campus Library for assistance during these times. Normal operating hours will resume on 4/1/19 at the Georgetown Campus Library.
HGTC Libraries offer the following services to faculty, staff, students, and the public.
HGTC students, faculty, administration, and staff may check out library materials with their H number and a valid picture ID. Residents of Horry and Georgetown Counties are invited to apply for a library card with photo identification at any of the three campus locations. Residents can use their HGTC library card at all three campus libraries. The first card is free and replacement cards are $5.00 each.
With Intracampus Loan, patrons can order materials belonging to any of the three HGTC libraries and have the materials delivered to their home campus. Speak to a library staff member to request an item.
In order to meet specific research needs of students, faculty, and staff, the library offers an Interlibrary Loan service. Through this service, HGTC Library patrons may borrow materials from other libraries throughout the country. You can request an Interlibrary Loan with this form, or by speaking with a library staff member.
PASCAL Delivers allows current HGTC employees and students to request books from other South Carolina colleges and universities. Search the PASCAL catalog, or visit their website for answers to frequently asked questions.
Students, faculty, and staff with an HGTC library card and proof of their current schedule from WaveNet may also borrow materials from Coastal Carolina University's Kimbel Library. Anyone taking advantage of this reciprocal borrowing agreement must comply with all of Kimbel Library's policies.
All three HGTC campus libraries are equipped with computers to support academic research and related school work. Each computer has Microsoft Office Suite and Internet access. Facilities at the library, including computer workstations, are available for public use. Students, faculty, and staff are allotted 4 hours per day of computer use; public patrons are allotted 30 minutes per day. This time is guaranteed. Students working on class assignments may request extra time from a library staff member. Printing is available from all computers, and 8GB flash drives are for sale at the Circulation Desk for $8.00 as are earbuds for $1.00.
Current HGTC students may check out laptops from the library for up to 7 days at a time. Laptops are equipped with Microsoft Office, MyITLab, and MyMathLab. All laptops are equipped with wireless capabilities. Students checking out laptops will be required to sign an agreement and present a student ID and a valid driver's license (or government issued ID along with proof of local residency). You will also be asked to login to WaveNet to show your current class schedule. Students cannot checkout a laptop for 24 hours after returning the item, nor can they renew the item.
The library offers a collection of downloadable eBooks on Axis 360 and offers a large selection of downloadable digital magazines through Flipster available to students, faculty, and staff. Both Axis 360 and Flipster titles can be downloaded to smartphones, tablets, laptops, and PCs via free apps.
Wireless printing is available at the Conway and Grand Strand campus libraries. The usual fees ($.10/page for black and white prints, $.35/page for color prints) will apply.
In order to borrow from the HGTC Library, a patron's account must be cleared of all fines. Student account holds will be placed on every account with overdue books or $5.00 or more in fines. Students with student account holds will be blocked from receiving transcripts and all borrowing privileges will be revoked. Please see a librarian at the campus nearest you to pay fines for any lost materials and processing charges. When the account is cleared of all fees, student account holds will be removed.
Each campus library offers private study rooms that can hold anywhere from one to four people - perfect for quietly studying for an exam or working with a group on a project. Click here to view the study room rules and regulations.
In the interest of providing a comfortable and positive learning environment for our users, the HGTC Library permits limited consumption of light snack food and non-alcoholic drinks in covered/secure containers in most areas of the library. Click here to view the food and drink rules and regulations.
As an academic library, we seek to provide a scholarly environment that allows for quiet study. Although we recognize that certain library activities (such as Reference and Circulation) generate some noise, we ask that all patrons and staff work cooperatively to minimize noise in the library. If you must talk in the library, please respect those who seek a quiet place to study by keeping your voice to a whisper and your conversation to a minimum. Students are asked to use areas outside the library for calls and general conversation. Click here to view the noise and cell phone rules and regulations.
Computers in the library are provided for educational purposes only. Priority is always given to students conducting school-related research or work. Chat rooms and illicit Internet sites are strictly prohibited at all HGTC campus libraries. Computers are carefully monitored at each campus to prevent this type of use. See the library's computer rules and regulations and the college's computer policy and procedure.
The Library of Horry-Georgetown Technical College will accept donations with the understanding that they will not necessarily be added to the collection. The Donation Form will be submitted with the donation. Donations are acknowledged with a form letter. Click here to view our collection development guidelines.
The selection of Library books and materials is based on the library user’s right to read and his/her freedom from censorship by others. Some Library materials are controversial and may offend some persons. Selections for the Library will not be made on the basis of anticipated approval or disapproval, but rather on the merits of the material in relation to the building of the collection, and to serving the interests of the users and supporting the curriculum.
The Library holds censorship to be a purely individual matter and declares that while anyone is free to reject for him/herself books and other materials of which he/she does not approve; he/she cannot exercise the right of censorship to restrict the freedom of others.
Selection cannot be governed by the chance that books may come into the possession of minors. Should a patron challenge Library materials, that individual will be expected to complete a Request for Reconsideration of Library Materials Form. Upon completion of this form, Library leadership will make an evaluation of the request.
Leave a comment for the Library.

tokenized:
Use A - Z Databases to view our full list of databases by name , subject , and vendor .
 Use SmartSearch to retrieve information from multiple databases at once .
 Use Journal Search to search by a journal 's title in the databases .
 Select a database , and click the Go button .
 Use LibGuides for research assistance , subject guides , and useful resources compiled by your friendly librarians .
 Select a guide , and click the Go button .
 Submit your questions and view our FAQs on LibAnswers , or chat with us live .
 The Georgetown Campus Library will close at 4:00 pm on 3/27/19 . Additionally , this campus library will also be closed on 3/28 and 3/29 . Please visit or contact the Conway Campus Library for assistance during these times . Normal operating hours will resume on 4/1/19 at the Georgetown Campus Library .
 HGTC Libraries offer the following services to faculty , staff , students , and the public .
 HGTC students , faculty , administration , and staff may check out library materials with their H number and a valid picture ID . Residents of Horry and Georgetown Counties are invited to apply for a library card with photo identification at any of the three campus locations . Residents can use their HGTC library card at all three campus libraries . The first card is free and replacement cards are $ 5.00 each .
 With Intracampus Loan , patrons can order materials belonging to any of the three HGTC libraries and have the materials delivered to their home campus . Speak to a library staff member to request an item .
 In order to meet specific research needs of students , faculty , and staff , the library offers an Interlibrary Loan service . Through this service , HGTC Library patrons may borrow materials from other libraries throughout the country . You can request an Interlibrary Loan with this form , or by speaking with a library staff member .
 PASCAL Delivers allows current HGTC employees and students to request books from other South Carolina colleges and universities . Search the PASCAL catalog , or visit their website for answers to frequently asked questions .
 Students , faculty , and staff with an HGTC library card and proof of their current schedule from WaveNet may also borrow materials from Coastal Carolina University 's Kimbel Library . Anyone taking advantage of this reciprocal borrowing agreement must comply with all of Kimbel Library 's policies .
 All three HGTC campus libraries are equipped with computers to support academic research and related school work . Each computer has Microsoft Office Suite and Internet access . Facilities at the library , including computer workstations , are available for public use . Students , faculty , and staff are allotted 4 hours per day of computer use ; public patrons are allotted 30 minutes per day . This time is guaranteed . Students working on class assignments may request extra time from a library staff member . Printing is available from all computers , and 8 GB flash drives are for sale at the Circulation Desk for $ 8.00 as are earbuds for $ 1.00 .
 Current HGTC students may check out laptops from the library for up to 7 days at a time . Laptops are equipped with Microsoft Office , MyITLab , and MyMathLab . All laptops are equipped with wireless capabilities . Students checking out laptops will be required to sign an agreement and present a student ID and a valid driver 's license ( or government issued ID along with proof of local residency ) . You will also be asked to login to WaveNet to show your current class schedule . Students can not checkout a laptop for 24 hours after returning the item , nor can they renew the item .
 The library offers a collection of downloadable eBooks on Axis 360 and offers a large selection of downloadable digital magazines through Flipster available to students , faculty , and staff . Both Axis 360 and Flipster titles can be downloaded to smartphones , tablets , laptops , and PCs via free apps .
 Wireless printing is available at the Conway and Grand Strand campus libraries . The usual fees ( $ .10 / page for black and white prints , $ .35 / page for color prints ) will apply .
 In order to borrow from the HGTC Library , a patron 's account must be cleared of all fines . Student account holds will be placed on every account with overdue books or $ 5.00 or more in fines . Students with student account holds will be blocked from receiving transcripts and all borrowing privileges will be revoked . Please see a librarian at the campus nearest you to pay fines for any lost materials and processing charges . When the account is cleared of all fees , student account holds will be removed .
 Each campus library offers private study rooms that can hold anywhere from one to four people - perfect for quietly studying for an exam or working with a group on a project . Click here to view the study room rules and regulations .
 In the interest of providing a comfortable and positive learning environment for our users , the HGTC Library permits limited consumption of light snack food and non - alcoholic drinks in covered / secure containers in most areas of the library . Click here to view the food and drink rules and regulations .
 As an academic library , we seek to provide a scholarly environment that allows for quiet study . Although we recognize that certain library activities ( such as Reference and Circulation ) generate some noise , we ask that all patrons and staff work cooperatively to minimize noise in the library . If you must talk in the library , please respect those who seek a quiet place to study by keeping your voice to a whisper and your conversation to a minimum . Students are asked to use areas outside the library for calls and general conversation . Click here to view the noise and cell phone rules and regulations .
 Computers in the library are provided for educational purposes only . Priority is always given to students conducting school - related research or work . Chat rooms and illicit Internet sites are strictly prohibited at all HGTC campus libraries . Computers are carefully monitored at each campus to prevent this type of use . See the library 's computer rules and regulations and the college 's computer policy and procedure .
 The Library of Horry - Georgetown Technical College will accept donations with the understanding that they will not necessarily be added to the collection . The Donation Form will be submitted with the donation . Donations are acknowledged with a form letter . Click here to view our collection development guidelines .
 The selection of Library books and materials is based on the library user ’s right to read and his / her freedom from censorship by others . Some Library materials are controversial and may offend some persons . Selections for the Library will not be made on the basis of anticipated approval or disapproval , but rather on the merits of the material in relation to the building of the collection , and to serving the interests of the users and supporting the curriculum .
 The Library holds censorship to be a purely individual matter and declares that while anyone is free to reject for him / herself books and other materials of which he / she does not approve ; he / she can not exercise the right of censorship to restrict the freedom of others .
 Selection can not be governed by the chance that books may come into the possession of minors . Should a patron challenge Library materials , that individual will be expected to complete a Request for Reconsideration of Library Materials Form . Upon completion of this form , Library leadership will make an evaluation of the request .
 Leave a comment for the Library .


text:
Researchers from the University of Southern California have discovered that a drug currently being developed to treat stroke patients could also prevent Alzheimer’s disease. The study, which will be published January 15 in the Journal of Experimental Medicine, shows that the genetically engineered protein 3K3A-APC protects the brains of mice with Alzheimer’s-like symptoms, reducing the buildup of toxic peptides and preventing memory loss.
“Because of its neuroprotective, vasculoprotective, and anti-inflammatory activities in multiple models of neurological disorders, we investigated whether 3K3A-APC can also protect the brain from the toxic effects of amyloid-beta toxin in a mouse model of Alzheimer’s disease,” says Berislav V. Zlokovic, Director of the Zilkha Neurogenetic Institute at the Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California.
Toxic amyloid-beta peptides accumulate in the brains of Alzheimer’s patients, leading to neurodegeneration and reduced blood flow within the brain. Zlokovic and colleagues found that 3K3A-APC significantly reduced the accumulation of amyloid-beta in the brains of mice that usually produce large amounts of the toxic peptide. 3K3A-APC treatment prevented these mice from losing their memory and helped maintain normal cerebral blood flow. The drug also suppressed inflammation within the brain, another common feature of Alzheimer’s disease.
Zlokovic and colleagues found that 3K3A-APC protects the brain by preventing nerve cells from producing an enzyme called BACE1 that is required to produce amyloid-beta. Several different inhibitors of BACE1 have been tested in clinical trials for Alzheimer’s disease, but the new study suggests that using 3K3A-APC to block the production of BACE1 could be an alternative approach, particularly at early stages of the disease when amyloid-beta has yet to accumulate to levels capable of permanently damaging the brain.
“Our present data support the idea that 3K3A-APC holds potential as an effective anti-amyloid-beta therapy for early stage Alzheimer’s disease in humans,” Zlokovic says.

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Researchers from the University of Southern California have discovered that a drug currently being developed to treat stroke patients could also prevent Alzheimer ’s disease . The study , which will be published January 15 in the Journal of Experimental Medicine , shows that the genetically engineered protein 3K3A - APC protects the brains of mice with Alzheimer’s - like symptoms , reducing the buildup of toxic peptides and preventing memory loss .
 “ Because of its neuroprotective , vasculoprotective , and anti - inflammatory activities in multiple models of neurological disorders , we investigated whether 3K3A - APC can also protect the brain from the toxic effects of amyloid - beta toxin in a mouse model of Alzheimer ’s disease , ” says Berislav V. Zlokovic , Director of the Zilkha Neurogenetic Institute at the Keck School of Medicine , University of Southern California .
 Toxic amyloid - beta peptides accumulate in the brains of Alzheimer ’s patients , leading to neurodegeneration and reduced blood flow within the brain . Zlokovic and colleagues found that 3K3A - APC significantly reduced the accumulation of amyloid - beta in the brains of mice that usually produce large amounts of the toxic peptide . 3K3A - APC treatment prevented these mice from losing their memory and helped maintain normal cerebral blood flow . The drug also suppressed inflammation within the brain , another common feature of Alzheimer ’s disease .
 Zlokovic and colleagues found that 3K3A - APC protects the brain by preventing nerve cells from producing an enzyme called BACE1 that is required to produce amyloid - beta . Several different inhibitors of BACE1 have been tested in clinical trials for Alzheimer ’s disease , but the new study suggests that using 3K3A - APC to block the production of BACE1 could be an alternative approach , particularly at early stages of the disease when amyloid - beta has yet to accumulate to levels capable of permanently damaging the brain .
 “ Our present data support the idea that 3K3A - APC holds potential as an effective anti - amyloid - beta therapy for early stage Alzheimer ’s disease in humans , ” Zlokovic says .


text:
No joke, Phoenix is a pretty funny place. Thanks to comedians hosting shows on the regular, solid comedy clubs, and a thriving improv and sketch scene, there's pretty much no excuse not to laugh — a lot.
And that'll be extra true the weekend of April 8 through 10, when the Bird City Comedy Festival makes its debut.

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No joke , Phoenix is a pretty funny place . Thanks to comedians hosting shows on the regular , solid comedy clubs , and a thriving improv and sketch scene , there 's pretty much no excuse not to laugh — a lot .
 And that 'll be extra true the weekend of April 8 through 10 , when the Bird City Comedy Festival makes its debut .


text: China Good Quality Pure Natural Plant Extracts Supplier. Copyright © 2017 - 2019 purenaturalplantextracts.com. All Rights Reserved.

tokenized: China Good Quality Pure Natural Plant Extracts Supplier . Copyright © 2017 - 2019 purenaturalplantextracts.com . All Rights Reserved .


text:
IWTYAL 100: Language learners around the world reveal their best tips!
This is episode 100 of the podcast!
In this episode we hear from you – the listeners.
I asked you to tell me the single biggest lesson about language learning you've learnt from listening to 100 episodes of the podcast.
I was struck by the diversity of people around the world who got in touch – everyone learning different languages, in different countries.
It was truly inspiring, and it reminded me how we are all striving to improve our lives by learning languages, and are making the world a better place in the process.
I hope you enjoy this special episode!
Please leave me a comment below with your favourite message of all!
Also, please take a second to share this podcast episode on Facebook, Twitter, or with a friend who's learning a language.
They'll draw motivation from all the others around the world learning languages, and find a new lease of life in their own learning!

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IWTYAL 100 : Language learners around the world reveal their best tips !
 This is episode 100 of the podcast !
 In this episode we hear from you – the listeners .
 I asked you to tell me the single biggest lesson about language learning you 've learnt from listening to 100 episodes of the podcast .
 I was struck by the diversity of people around the world who got in touch – everyone learning different languages , in different countries .
 It was truly inspiring , and it reminded me how we are all striving to improve our lives by learning languages , and are making the world a better place in the process .
 I hope you enjoy this special episode !
 Please leave me a comment below with your favourite message of all !
 Also , please take a second to share this podcast episode on Facebook , Twitter , or with a friend who 's learning a language .
 They 'll draw motivation from all the others around the world learning languages , and find a new lease of life in their own learning !


text:
(Pe*tong") n. (Metal.) See Packfong.
(Pet"ra*ry) n. [L. petra stone. Cf. Sp. petraria, and E. Pederero.] An ancient war engine for hurling stones.
(Pe*tre"an) a. [L. petraeus, Gr. petrai^os, fr. pe`tra a rock.] Of or pertaining to rock. G. S. Faber.
(Pe"trel) n. [F. pétrel; a dim. of the name Peter, L. Petrus, Gr. a stone (John i. 42);  probably so called in allusion to St. Peter's walking on the sea. See Petrify.] (Zoöl.) Any one of numerous species of longwinged sea birds belonging to the family Procellaridæ. The small petrels, or Mother Carey's chickens, belong to Oceanites, Oceanodroma, Procellaria, and several allied genera.
, any one of several small petrels, especially Procellaria pelagica, or Mother Carey's chicken, common on both sides of the Atlantic.
(Pe*tres"cence) n. The process of changing into stone; petrification.
(Pe*tres"cent) a. [L. petra rock, stone, Gr. .] Petrifying; converting into stone; as, petrescent water. Boyle.
1. The process of petrifying, or changing into stone; conversion of any organic matter (animal or vegetable) into stone, or a substance of stony hardness.
2. The state or condition of being petrified.
3. That which is petrified; popularly, a body incrusted with stony matter; an incrustation.
4. Fig.: Hardness; callousness; obduracy. "Petrifaction of the soul." Cudworth.
1. Having the quality of converting organic matter into stone; petrifying.
2. Pertaining to, or characterized by, petrifaction.
The . . . petrifactive mutations of hard bodies.
(Pe*trif"ic) a. [Cf. F. pétrifique.] Petrifying; petrifactive.
Death with his mace petrific, cold and dry.

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( Pe*tong " ) n. ( Metal . ) See Packfong .
 ( Pet"ra*ry ) n. [ L. petra stone . Cf . Sp . petraria , and E. Pederero . ] An ancient war engine for hurling stones .
 ( Pe*tre"an ) a. [ L. petraeus , Gr . petrai^os , fr . pe`tra a rock . ] Of or pertaining to rock . G. S. Faber .
 ( Pe"trel ) n. [ F. pétrel ; a dim . of the name Peter , L. Petrus , Gr . a stone ( John i. 42 ) ;  probably so called in allusion to St. Peter 's walking on the sea . See Petrify . ] ( Zoöl . ) Any one of numerous species of longwinged sea birds belonging to the family Procellaridæ . The small petrels , or Mother Carey 's chickens , belong to Oceanites , Oceanodroma , Procellaria , and several allied genera .
 , any one of several small petrels , especially Procellaria pelagica , or Mother Carey 's chicken , common on both sides of the Atlantic .
 ( Pe*tres"cence ) n. The process of changing into stone ; petrification .
 ( Pe*tres"cent ) a. [ L. petra rock , stone , Gr . . ] Petrifying ; converting into stone ; as , petrescent water . Boyle .
 1 . The process of petrifying , or changing into stone ; conversion of any organic matter ( animal or vegetable ) into stone , or a substance of stony hardness .
 2 . The state or condition of being petrified .
 3 . That which is petrified ; popularly , a body incrusted with stony matter ; an incrustation .
 4 . Fig . : Hardness ; callousness ; obduracy . " Petrifaction of the soul . " Cudworth .
 1 . Having the quality of converting organic matter into stone ; petrifying .
 2 . Pertaining to , or characterized by , petrifaction .
 The . . . petrifactive mutations of hard bodies .
 ( Pe*trif"ic ) a. [ Cf . F. pétrifique . ] Petrifying ; petrifactive .
 Death with his mace petrific , cold and dry .


text:
How to make replayer look like actual tables?
Hi can you please give me instructions on how to accomplish this? I looked in the manual but there was nothing there and a search on this site came up empty for me... Thanks!
I'm sorry I should have been more clear. It says I can skin the replayer to look exactly like my tables. I use Mercury theme on stars and it only has Nova and Grinder as options.
Unfortunately, there are no more skins at the moment. Our development department has now a lot of much more important tasks. But as soon as the new themes appear, they will be immediately added to the list.
OK, TY! The wording in the manual made it seem like you could skin them yourself which was why I was asking.
Thanks for replying to all my questions. Much appreciated.

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How to make replayer look like actual tables ?
 Hi can you please give me instructions on how to accomplish this ? I looked in the manual but there was nothing there and a search on this site came up empty for me ... Thanks !
 I 'm sorry I should have been more clear . It says I can skin the replayer to look exactly like my tables . I use Mercury theme on stars and it only has Nova and Grinder as options .
 Unfortunately , there are no more skins at the moment . Our development department has now a lot of much more important tasks . But as soon as the new themes appear , they will be immediately added to the list .
 OK , TY ! The wording in the manual made it seem like you could skin them yourself which was why I was asking .
 Thanks for replying to all my questions . Much appreciated .


text:
Advanced Computer Software Group Limited will be visiting Sahyadri to conduct Recruitment Drive for 2017 Passed out batch on the 8th and 9th of December, 2017.
CTC : 3.75 L to a Fresher.
NOTE : Interested candidates should compulsorily upload their Resumes in the below given link. After uploading the Resumes they can directly attend the drive.

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Advanced Computer Software Group Limited will be visiting Sahyadri to conduct Recruitment Drive for 2017 Passed out batch on the 8th and 9th of December , 2017 .
 CTC : 3.75 L to a Fresher .
 NOTE : Interested candidates should compulsorily upload their Resumes in the below given link . After uploading the Resumes they can directly attend the drive .


text:
/ news / Teleskin in ElectroBoutique gallery.
Teleskin offers a televiewer taking control over TV interface in her hands. When pushing a remote control button one does not switch the content (who cares about that?) but the shape: a TV model, interior where it is placed, - another words, the context - both visual and ideological. The process of zapping is not any more a thoughtless way of spending time, but a creative activity that is forming one's living space. When altering TV skin and adjusting it to a current mood, one breaks free form pre-defined behavioral patterns of the totalitarian post-information society.

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/ news / Teleskin in ElectroBoutique gallery .
 Teleskin offers a televiewer taking control over TV interface in her hands . When pushing a remote control button one does not switch the content ( who cares about that ? ) but the shape : a TV model , interior where it is placed , - another words , the context - both visual and ideological . The process of zapping is not any more a thoughtless way of spending time , but a creative activity that is forming one 's living space . When altering TV skin and adjusting it to a current mood , one breaks free form pre - defined behavioral patterns of the totalitarian post - information society .


text:
These synchronous, presettable counters feature an internal carry look-ahead for application in high-speed counting designs. The LS161A and LS163A are 4-bit binary counters. The carry output is decoded by means of a NOR gate, thus preventing spikes during the normal counting mode of operation. Synchronous operation is provided by having all flipflops clocked simultaneously so that the outputs change coincident with each other when so instructed by the countenable inputs and internal gating. This mode of operation eliminates the output counting spikes which are normally associated with asynchronous (ripple clock) counters. A buffered clock input triggers the four flip-flops on the rising (positive-going) edge of the clock input waveform.
â Alternate Military/Aerospace device (54LS161, 54LS163) is available. Contact a National Semiconductor Sales Office/Distributor for specificaitons.

tokenized:
These synchronous , presettable counters feature an internal carry look - ahead for application in high - speed counting designs . The LS161A and LS163A are 4 - bit binary counters . The carry output is decoded by means of a NOR gate , thus preventing spikes during the normal counting mode of operation . Synchronous operation is provided by having all flipflops clocked simultaneously so that the outputs change coincident with each other when so instructed by the countenable inputs and internal gating . This mode of operation eliminates the output counting spikes which are normally associated with asynchronous ( ripple clock ) counters . A buffered clock input triggers the four flip - flops on the rising ( positive - going ) edge of the clock input waveform .
 â Alternate Military / Aerospace device ( 54LS161 , 54LS163 ) is available . Contact a National Semiconductor Sales Office / Distributor for specificaitons .


text:
Located in Kerrville, Texas, Schreiner University is a small four year private college offering both undergrad and graduate programs. The school has a religious affiliation with the Presbyterian Church (USA) faith. In the most recent statistical year 1,178 prospective students applied, and 1,088 were granted admission. Of those admitted 341 enrolled in the school. 1,186 students are enrolled on a full time basis, and 126 attend part time. In-state tuition for 2017/2018, excluding room and board, is $24,990 plus fees of $1,910. Schreiner University is ranked 1259 nationally in the CollegeSimply.com 2019 U.S. Colleges Ranking.
Can you get into Schreiner University?

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Located in Kerrville , Texas , Schreiner University is a small four year private college offering both undergrad and graduate programs . The school has a religious affiliation with the Presbyterian Church ( USA ) faith . In the most recent statistical year 1,178 prospective students applied , and 1,088 were granted admission . Of those admitted 341 enrolled in the school . 1,186 students are enrolled on a full time basis , and 126 attend part time . In - state tuition for 2017/2018 , excluding room and board , is $ 24,990 plus fees of $ 1,910 . Schreiner University is ranked 1259 nationally in the CollegeSimply.com 2019 U.S. Colleges Ranking .
 Can you get into Schreiner University ?


text:
RAINSVILLE, Ala. — Two Fyffe High School students have organized a large Fellowship of Christian Athletes (FCA) rally for all students in the county, as well as anyone else who wants to attend. “Illuminate for Christ,” will be held at the DeKalb County Schools Coliseum on Saturday, April 1 (next week) at 6 pm.
The event will feature several different speakers, as well as dramas and music from local performers.
Crimson Long, who’s the leader of the Fyffe High School FCA program, in which he has been involved for two years, explained what gave him the idea for this event.
“I had a dream back last year, that I believe that God put it in my head from the start. In the dream, I saw a revival breaking out at my school,” explained Long.
At the very end of school last year, Crimson organized a group together for about an hour at a location near the school.
“It sparked a new idea and a new dream to save the people in our county, and start a wildfire in our county, and get all the schools involved. My dream is for Sand Mountain to be a fortress for God, and revival to break out,” he explained.
Phillip Dendy, Seth Stone, Chad Hancock, and the events organizer, Crimson, will be speaking at the event. Fort Payne’s John Mark will be providing musical entertainment. Dramas will also be performed by Antioch Baptist Church and Pleasant View.
“His idea is to unite all the rival schools together for Christ and bring everyone together in unity,” explained Hull.
“There is so much hate and evil in the world, and the only way we can counteract that, is to replace it with the love of christ and shine our light for God,” she added.

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RAINSVILLE , Ala. — Two Fyffe High School students have organized a large Fellowship of Christian Athletes ( FCA ) rally for all students in the county , as well as anyone else who wants to attend . “ Illuminate for Christ , ” will be held at the DeKalb County Schools Coliseum on Saturday , April 1 ( next week ) at 6 pm .
 The event will feature several different speakers , as well as dramas and music from local performers .
 Crimson Long , who ’s the leader of the Fyffe High School FCA program , in which he has been involved for two years , explained what gave him the idea for this event .
 “ I had a dream back last year , that I believe that God put it in my head from the start . In the dream , I saw a revival breaking out at my school , ” explained Long .
 At the very end of school last year , Crimson organized a group together for about an hour at a location near the school .
 “ It sparked a new idea and a new dream to save the people in our county , and start a wildfire in our county , and get all the schools involved . My dream is for Sand Mountain to be a fortress for God , and revival to break out , ” he explained .
 Phillip Dendy , Seth Stone , Chad Hancock , and the events organizer , Crimson , will be speaking at the event . Fort Payne ’s John Mark will be providing musical entertainment . Dramas will also be performed by Antioch Baptist Church and Pleasant View .
 “ His idea is to unite all the rival schools together for Christ and bring everyone together in unity , ” explained Hull .
 “ There is so much hate and evil in the world , and the only way we can counteract that , is to replace it with the love of christ and shine our light for God , ” she added .


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The Northeast Georgia Regional Commission Geographic Information Systems ( GIS ) Department supports the Planning and Government Services Division as well as the public with mapping and data products . GIS is a rapidly evolving technology involving computers , mapping information , and people to help analyze and plan for the future of our twelve - county region .
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"The intention was to confer the privilege of citizenship upon that class of persons whom the fathers knew as white, and to deny it to all who could not be so classified."
T akao Ozawa was born in Japan, moved to the territory of Hawaii, and later lived in California. Altogether he had lived in the United States continuously for twenty years when he applied in 1914 for naturalization, the process of becoming a U.S. citizen. At the time, he had graduated from high school in Berkeley, California, and had been a student at the University of California for three years. He had children, all born in the United States. The family spoke English at home and attended American churches. Nevertheless, the U.S. government opposed his application to become a citizen, on grounds that he was not "white." Eight years after his application was filed, the U.S. Supreme Court agreed with the government: Ozawa was not eligible to become a citizen.
1894, as Japan was emerging as a strong military and industrial power in Asia, a treaty with the United States had guaranteed free immigration to the United States for Japanese. But six years later, in the midst of strong opposition to Japanese immigrants among European Americans in California, Japan agreed not to issue passports for laborers seeking to enter the United States. (A passport is the formal travel document issued by a country's government that allows a citizen of that country exit and reentry.) For the Japanese government, it was a way to cut off emigration and solve the problem without agreeing to treatment that would be regarded as discriminatory against Japanese. The cutoff of passports did not, however, include passports for laborers seeking to enter Hawaii, Canada, or Mexico, from any one of which it was easy for Japanese to enter the United States.
In 1907, the San Francisco Board of Education decided to segregate its Asian students. All Asian students, including Japanese students, were to be placed in a single "Asian school" that kept the students apart from "white" European American students. Seeing Japanese the objects of discrimination upset the government of Japan just at the moment when the administration of President Theodore Roosevelt (1858–1919; served 1901–9) wanted to maintain smooth diplomatic relations with Japan. Roosevelt, who was eager to increase U.S. influence in east Asia, was counting on Japan to counter the influence of Russia in the region.
To cool the diplomatic tensions with Japan created by the school board in San Francisco, Roosevelt persuaded the school board to drop its segregation plan in exchange for promises that the federal government would try to solve the issue of Japanese immigration. The result was the "Gentleman's Agreement" (an agreement that falls short of a formal treaty) of 1907 under which Japan agreed to cooperate in stemming the flow of Japanese workers to the United States. The Japanese government said it would continue to refuse to issue passports for all Japanese workers planning to go to the United States. In addition, it would not object to the removal of Japanese from the United States who held passports issued for travel elsewhere, such as Canada or Mexico. In return, San Francisco authorities discontinued segregating Japanese students in a special school for Asians. Officially, Japanese still had the right to immigrate, on an equal basis with citizens of other countries.
The San Francisco school board incident demonstrated how U.S. immigration laws and attitudes affected American diplomatic policies unrelated to immigration. The incident also served as a reminder of the long-standing controversy in California over the admission of people from Asia, whether Japanese or Chinese, and the importance of race in determining U.S. policy. As early as 1790, the Congress had passed a law limiting citizenship to immigrants who were "free white persons." At the time it was adopted, the law was intended to deny citizenship to slaves from Africa. Seventy-five years later, after slavery was abolished, the immigration law was amended to include Africans and people of African descent—but nothing was said about Asians.
With many Americans displeased with immigration from Asia (and also from southern and eastern Europe), the U.S. district attorney (prosecutor) had objected when Ozawa applied for citizenship. The government, in its arguments to the Supreme Court, admitted that Ozawa would make a good citizen: He was well educated; his family spoke English at home and attended church; and he had lived in the United States for most of his life. There was nothing in his conduct that might suggest he would make a poor citizen. Nevertheless, the government argued in court that U.S. law had been clear, since 1790: "Any alien being a free white person … may be admitted to become a citizen." The only exception was made in the Naturalization Act of 1870, which also made Africans or people of African descent eligible to become naturalized citizens. Ozawa did not fit any of these categories, in the government's opinion.
Ozawa's lawyers cited inconsistencies in the way that U.S. immigration laws had been written. They argued that when Congress passed a new naturalization law in 1906, it intended to overhaul the immigration law completely. Since the 1906 law had not specifically barred citizenship for Japanese people (as other laws specifically barred Chinese people), Ozawa's lawyers argued that he deserved to become a naturalized citizen. But the Supreme Court said no, ruling that if Congress had intended to remove the racial limitations on naturalized citizenship, it would have done so explicitly and decisively, rather than simply ignoring the issue. The Supreme Court noted that limiting citizenship to free white persons had been the law since 1790 and that the law had only been amended to include people born in Africa or of African descent. No such exception was ever made for Japanese, which both sides on the argument described as being a separate "race."
The Supreme Court also ruled on two other questions raised in the case: first, whether someone from Japan could be considered "white" under the law; and second, whether Ozawa could be barred from becoming a citizen because of race.
On the first question, Ozawa's lawyers had argued that the original immigration laws referred to "free white persons" in order to distinguish them from enslaved Africans, or "black," people. The lawyers tried to persuade the court that "white" meant "not black," and that the phrase was not intended to exclude Asians. The court's opinion rejected the argument, holding that people from Japan were not considered to be "Caucasian," which was what the law meant by "white," and were therefore not eligible to become citizens.
On the second question, the court ruled that Congress did have the power under the Constitution to determine the basis on which immigrants could become citizens, even if the basis was a concept as vague as race.
The Ozawa decision was significant in the history of immigration to the United States because it reconfirmed the importance of race when deciding whether immigrants should be allowed to become citizens—a standard for eligibility that had existed since the very beginnings of the United States as an independent country. The ruling came at a period of history when prejudice against racial and religious minorities was very strong among European American citizens, a fact that was not lost on the justices of the Supreme Court.
The Ozawa case came before the court at a time when the United States had already begun to restrict immigrants, especially those from southern and eastern Europe. For the forty years preceding the case, a higher number of Europeans than ever before had come to the United States, including many from poor areas of southern and eastern Europe. The case was decided in an era when the idea of "race" seemed highly important to many Americans, who were disturbed by the large number of darker-skinned individuals from countries around the Mediterranean. Although the Supreme Court is intended to interpret what Congress might have meant in passing laws, and making sure those laws do not conflict with the U.S. Constitution (the basic law of the land), in reality justices of the court usually have a political background and are often sensitive to the public sentiments of the time.
The concept of race has always been vague, as the court's opinion admits. What race is the child of a black mother and a white father, for example? The court's opinion brushes aside this fundamental issue by saying that such questions fall into a "zone of more or less debatable ground." But since Ozawa had been born in Japan, the issue of his race was not subject to question: He was not white, and therefore not eligible to become a citizen.
The court's opinion carefully examined minute details of previous immigration laws in an effort to understand what Congress intended to do. On the subject of what constitutes a "white" person, the opinion in essence says the court did not have time to study the issue from a scientific basis. The court ruled that anyone who was not a "free white person" (or who was not born in Africa or of African descent) did not fall into the category of people eligible to become citizens, and that included people from Asia. On the question of whether the authors of the 1790 law intended to exclude Asians, the court simply said that it has no power to read the minds of the authors of the original law. Since no subsequent Congress changed the wording, the court had no power to rule otherwise.
The act of June 29, 1906, entitled "An act to establish a Bureau of Immigration and Naturalization, and to provide for a uniform rule for the naturalization of aliens throughout the United States," consists of 31 sections and deals primarily with the subject of procedure. There is nothing in the circumstances leading up to or accompanying the passage of the act which suggests that any modification of section 2169, or of its application, was contemplated.
"It is the opinion of your committee that the frauds and crimes which have been committed in regard to naturalization have resulted more from a lack of any uniform system of procedure in such matters than from any radical defect in the fundamental principles of existing law governing in such matters. The two changes which the committee has recommended in the principles controlling in naturalization matters and which are embodied in the bill submittedherewith are as follows: First, the requirement that before an alien can be naturalized he must be able to read, either in his own language or in the English language and to speak or understand the English language; and, second, that the alien must intend to reside permanently in the United States before he shall be entitled to naturalization."
This seems to make it quite clear that no change of the fundamental character here involved was in mind….
"Any alien being a free white person … may be admitted to become a citizen…." 1 Stat. 103, c. 3.
This was subsequently enlarged to include aliens of African nativity and persons of African descent….
In all of the naturalization acts from 1790 to 1906 the privilege of naturalization was confined to white persons (with the addition in 1870 of those of African nativity and descent), although the exact wording of the various statutes was not always the same. If Congress in 1906 desired to alter a rule so well and so long established it may be assumed that its purpose would have been definitely disclosed and its legislation to that end put in unmistakable terms….
It is the duty of this Court to give effect to the intent of Congress. Primarily this intent is ascertained by giving the words their natural significance, but if this leads to an unreasonable result plainly at variance with the policy of the legislation as a whole, we must examine the matter further. We may then look to the reason of the enactment and inquire into its antecedent history and give it effect in accordance with its design and purpose, sacrificing, if necessary, the literal meaning in order that the purpose may not fail…. We are asked [by Ozawa's lawyers] to conclude that Congress, without the consideration or recommendation of any committee, without a suggestion as to the effect, or a word of debate as to the desirability, of so fundamental a change, nevertheless, by failing to alter the identifying words of section 2169 , which section we may assume was continued for some serious purpose, has radically modified a statute always theretofore maintained and considered as of great importance. It is inconceivable that a rule in force from the beginning of the government, a part of our history as well as our law, welded into the structure of our national polity by a century of legislative and administrative acts and judicial decisions, would have been deprived of its force in such dubious and casual fashion. Weare, therefore, constrained to hold that the act of 1906 is limited by the provisions of section 2169 of the Revised Statutes.
Antecedent: Referring to a preceding event, condition, or cause.
Literal: Referring to accepting the exact meaning of the words of a statement or opinion and allowing no further interpretation.
Section 2169: A sentence in the naturalization law that said naturalization "shall apply to aliens, being free white persons and to aliens of African nativity and to persons of African descent." Ozama's lawyers argued that because this sentence did not explicitly ban Japanese from becoming naturalized citizens, Congress did not intend to bar Japanese from becoming citizens when it passed a naturalization law in 1906.
Second. This brings us to inquire whether, under section 2169, the appellant is eligible to naturalization. The language of the naturalization laws from 1790 to 1870 had been uniformly such as to deny the privilege of naturalization to an alien unless he came within the description "free white person. By section 7 of the act of July 14, 1870 …, the naturalization laws were "extended to aliens of African nativity and to persons of African descent." Section 2169 of the Revised Statutes, as already pointed out, restricts the privilege to the same classes of persons, viz. "to aliens being free white persons, and to aliens of African nativity and to persons of African descent." It is true that in the first edition of the Revised Statutes of 1873 the words in brackets, "being free white persons, and to aliens" were omitted, but this was clearly an error of the compilers and was corrected by the subsequent legislation of 1875…. Is appellant, therefore, a "free white person," within the meaning of that phrase as found in the statute?
Appellant: A person bringing a lawsuit from a lower court to a higher court for a new hearing.
On behalf of the appellant it is urged that we should give to this phrase the meaning which it had in the minds of its original framers in 1790 and that it was employed by them for the sole purpose of excluding the black or African race and the Indians then inhabiting this country. It may be true that those two races were alone thought of as being excluded, but to say that they were the only ones within the intent of the statute would be to ignore the affirmative form of the legislation. The provision is not that Negroes and Indians shall be excluded, but it is, in effect, that only free white persons shall be included. The intention was to confer the privilege of citizenship upon that class of persons whom the fathers knew as white, and to deny it to all who could not be so classified. It is not enough to say that the framers did not have in mind the brown or yellow races of Asia. It is necessary to go farther and be able to say that had these particular races been suggested the language of the act would have been so varied as to include them within its privileges….
Affirmative form: The structure of a phrase denoting assent or agreement.
Framers: Those who wrote the Constitution.
If it be assumed that the opinion of the framers was that the only persons who would fall outside the designation "white" were Negroes and Indians, this would go no farther than to demonstrate their lack of sufficient information to enable them to foresee precisely who would be excluded by that term in the subsequent administration of the statute. It is not important in construing their words to consider the extent of their ethnological knowledge or whether they thoughtthat under the statute the only persons who would be denied naturalization would be Negroes and Indians. It is sufficient to ascertain whom they intended to include and having ascertained that it follows, as a necessary corollary , that all others are to be excluded.
Corollary: Deduction that needs no proof.
The question then is: Who are comprehended within the phrase "free white persons"? Undoubtedly the word "free" was originally used in recognition of the fact that slavery then existed and that some white persons occupied that status. The word, however, has long since ceased to have any practical significance and may now be disregarded.
We have been furnished with elaborate briefs in which the meaning of the words "white person" is discussed with ability and at length, both from the standpoint of judicial decision and from that of the science of ethnology. It does not seem to us necessary, however, to follow counsel in their extensive researches in these fields. It is sufficient to note the fact that these decisions are, in substance, to the effect that the words import a racial and not an individual test, and with this conclusion, fortified as it is by reason and authority, we entirely agree. Manifestly the test afforded by the mere color of the skin of each individual is impracticable , as that differs greatly among persons of the same race, even among Anglo-Saxons , ranging by imperceptible gradations from the fair blond to the swarthy brunette, the latter being darker than many of the lighter hued persons of the brown or yellow races. Hence to adopt the color test alone would result in a confused overlapping of races and a gradual merging of one into the other, without any practical line of separation…. Moreover, that conclusion has become so well established by judicial and executive concurrence and legislative acquiescence that we should not at this late day feel at liberty to disturb it, in the absence of reasons far more cogent than any that have been suggested…. The determination that the words "white person" are synonymous with the words "a person of the Caucasian race" simplifies the problem, although it does not entirely dispose of it. Controversies have arisen and will no doubt arise again in respect of the proper classification of individuals in border line cases. The effect of the conclusion that the words "white person" means a Caucasian is not to establish a sharp line of demarcation between those who are entitled and those who are not entitled to naturalization, but rather a zone of more or less debatable ground outside of which, upon the one hand, are those clearly eligible, and outside of which, upon the other hand, are those clearly ineligiblefor citizenship. Individual cases falling within this zone must be determined as they arise from time to time by what this court has called, in another connection …, "the gradual process of judicial inclusion and exclusion."
Impracticable: Incapable of being accomplished.
Anglo-Saxons: Descendants of the Germanic peoples who conquered England in the fifth century c.e., in this case referring to white non-Jews.
Imperceptible gradations: Gradual stages barely capable of being seen.
Judicial and executive concurrence: Agreement between courts of justice and the executive branch of government.
Legislative acquiescence: Acceptance by those who make laws.
Caucasian: Of or relating to the white race.
The briefs filed on behalf of appellant refer in complimentary terms to the culture and enlightenment of the Japanese people, and with this estimate we have no reason to disagree; but these are matters which cannot enter into our consideration of the questions here at issue. We have no function in the matter other than to ascertain the will of Congress and declare it. Of course there is not implied—either in the legislation or in our interpretation of it—any suggestion of individual unworthiness or racial inferiority. These considerations are in no manner involved….
Briefs: Legal documents outlining the facts and points in a case.
Two years after the Ozawa case, the Supreme Court ruled in another case (United States v. Bhagat Singh Thind) involving a man described as "a high-caste Hindu, of full Indian blood, born at Amritsar, Punjab, India" who had applied for citizenship, arguing that he was "Caucasian." In the Ozawa case, the Court ruled that the word "white" did not really refer to skin color (since many people have lighter or darker skins), but rather to the "Caucasian" race. But in the Thind case, the Court took the opposite approach: Thind might be Caucasian, in a scientific sense, but in a popular sense, his skin was too dark to qualify as "white," and therefore he was not eligible to become a citizen, the court ruled. "It may be true," wrote U.S. Supreme Court justice George Sutherland (1862–1942), "that the blond Scandinavian and the brown Hindu have a common ancestor in the dim reaches of antiquity, but the average man knows perfectly well that there are unmistakable and profound differences between them today; and it is not impossible, if that common ancestor could be materialized in the flesh, we should discover that he was himself sufficiently differentiated from both of his descendants to preclude his racial classification with either." In other words, the "average man" knows a "white" person when he sees one, even if lawyers and scientists cannot agree on what the term means. It was a startling admission that the concept of race and skin color, applied to immigration law, had no real meaning beyond what the "average man" might think at any given moment.
In 1924, Congress took another approach to limiting immigration. The Immigration Act of 1924 set permanent limits on the number of immigrants from each country. From 1924 through 1927, the number of immigrants from any one country was set at 2 percent of the number of foreign-born people of that nationality already in the United States in 1890. After July 1, 1927, the limits on each nationality were determined by a more complicated formula calculated by determining what percentage of the total population was represented by each national group, then multiplying that percentage by 150,000. Thus, if nationality "A" represented 1 percent of the U.S. population in 1890, the number of immigrants of nationality "A" admitted each year would equal 1 percent of 150,000, or 1,500 people. The practical effect of the 1924 law was to limit severely the number of immigrants after 1924, especially immigrants from non-European countries. The law also included a provision that barred anyone from immigrating who was not eligible to become a citizen. This provision was specifically aimed at Japanese immigrants and was at least partly based on the Ozawa decision of the Supreme Court.
The Ozawa case was just one of several examples of how racial consciousness played a large role in American politics during the 1920s. The year before the decision was handed down by the Supreme Court, Congress had passed the Emergency Quota Act of 1921, which limited immigration from any single country to a number equal to 3 percent of the number of immigrants of that country who were living in the United States in 1910.
The Ku Klux Klan was a secret organization that first appeared after the American Civil War (1861–65) as a means of terrorizing newly freed African American slaves and discouraging them from exercising their right to vote. Members of the original Klan wore long, white robes with a tall, peaked hood. They often burned crosses near African American neighborhoods at night as a means of frightening black people. In 1915, a new organization had been formed, using the same name as the Klan and the same costumes. The second version, however, was more open in its membership. Rather than being limited to the southern states, like the first Klan, the reborn Klan found many members in states of the Midwest, particularly Indiana. Although the second Klan still burned crosses, it also took on the form of a social club. Many elected politicians, including future president Harry S. Truman (1884–1972; served 1945–53), admitted to belonging to the Klan for a time. Whereas the first Klan had aimed its attacks at newly freed slaves, the second Klan attracted people opposed not only to racial minorities but also to Catholics, Jews, and immigrants from southern Europe (many of whom were also Catholic). Inside organizations like the Ku Klux Klan, racial prejudice and religious prejudice went hand in hand.
George Sutherland, the Supreme Court justice who wrote the opinion in Ozawa v. United States, was himself an immigrant. Sutherland was born in Buckinghamshire, England, and brought to the United States as a baby. His family settled in what was then Utah Territory, which be came a state in 1896. Sutherland, a Republican, was Utah's sole U.S. representative from 1901 to 1903 and a U.S. senator from 1905 to 1917. He was nominated for the Supreme Court by President Warren Harding (1860–1924; served 1921–24) on September 5, 1922, and confirmed by the Senate on the same day. He had been a Supreme Court justice for just a month when the Ozawa case was argued, October 3–4, 1922. The case was decided one month later, on November 13, 1922.
Dudley, William, ed. Asian Americans: Opposing Viewpoints. San Diego, CA: Greenhaven Press, 1997.
Ichihashi, Yamato. Japanese in the United States. Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press, 1932. Reprint, New York: Arno Press, 1969.
Ichioka, Yuji. The Issei: The World of the First Generation Japanese Immigrants, 1885–1924. New York: Free Press, 1988.
Tehranian, John. "Performing Whiteness: Naturalization Litigation and the Construction of Racial Identity in America." Yale Law Journal (January 2000): p. 817.
"The History of Japanese Immigration." The Brown Quarterly (Spring 2000). http://brownvboard.org/brwnqurt/03-4/03-4a.htm (accessed on February 29, 2004).
"In What Ways Did Our Laws Institutionalize Racial Prejudice Against Japanese Americans?" Denshō: The Japanese American Legacy Project.http://www.densho.org/causes/1racism/1institutionalizedracism.asp (accessed on February 29, 2004).
"Takao Ozawa v. U S, 260 U.S. 178 (1922)." FindLaw.com. http://caselaw.lp.findlaw.com/scripts/getcase.pl?navby=search&court=US&case=/us/260/178.html (accessed on February 29, 2004).
"Ozawa v. United States." U.S. Immigration and Migration Reference Library. . Encyclopedia.com. 29 Mar. 2019 <https://www.encyclopedia.com>.

tokenized:
" The intention was to confer the privilege of citizenship upon that class of persons whom the fathers knew as white , and to deny it to all who could not be so classified . "
 T akao Ozawa was born in Japan , moved to the territory of Hawaii , and later lived in California . Altogether he had lived in the United States continuously for twenty years when he applied in 1914 for naturalization , the process of becoming a U.S. citizen . At the time , he had graduated from high school in Berkeley , California , and had been a student at the University of California for three years . He had children , all born in the United States . The family spoke English at home and attended American churches . Nevertheless , the U.S. government opposed his application to become a citizen , on grounds that he was not " white . " Eight years after his application was filed , the U.S. Supreme Court agreed with the government : Ozawa was not eligible to become a citizen .
 1894 , as Japan was emerging as a strong military and industrial power in Asia , a treaty with the United States had guaranteed free immigration to the United States for Japanese . But six years later , in the midst of strong opposition to Japanese immigrants among European Americans in California , Japan agreed not to issue passports for laborers seeking to enter the United States . ( A passport is the formal travel document issued by a country 's government that allows a citizen of that country exit and reentry . ) For the Japanese government , it was a way to cut off emigration and solve the problem without agreeing to treatment that would be regarded as discriminatory against Japanese . The cutoff of passports did not , however , include passports for laborers seeking to enter Hawaii , Canada , or Mexico , from any one of which it was easy for Japanese to enter the United States .
 In 1907 , the San Francisco Board of Education decided to segregate its Asian students . All Asian students , including Japanese students , were to be placed in a single " Asian school " that kept the students apart from " white " European American students . Seeing Japanese the objects of discrimination upset the government of Japan just at the moment when the administration of President Theodore Roosevelt ( 1858–1919 ; served 1901–9 ) wanted to maintain smooth diplomatic relations with Japan . Roosevelt , who was eager to increase U.S. influence in east Asia , was counting on Japan to counter the influence of Russia in the region .
 To cool the diplomatic tensions with Japan created by the school board in San Francisco , Roosevelt persuaded the school board to drop its segregation plan in exchange for promises that the federal government would try to solve the issue of Japanese immigration . The result was the " Gentleman 's Agreement " ( an agreement that falls short of a formal treaty ) of 1907 under which Japan agreed to cooperate in stemming the flow of Japanese workers to the United States . The Japanese government said it would continue to refuse to issue passports for all Japanese workers planning to go to the United States . In addition , it would not object to the removal of Japanese from the United States who held passports issued for travel elsewhere , such as Canada or Mexico . In return , San Francisco authorities discontinued segregating Japanese students in a special school for Asians . Officially , Japanese still had the right to immigrate , on an equal basis with citizens of other countries .
 The San Francisco school board incident demonstrated how U.S. immigration laws and attitudes affected American diplomatic policies unrelated to immigration . The incident also served as a reminder of the long - standing controversy in California over the admission of people from Asia , whether Japanese or Chinese , and the importance of race in determining U.S. policy . As early as 1790 , the Congress had passed a law limiting citizenship to immigrants who were " free white persons . " At the time it was adopted , the law was intended to deny citizenship to slaves from Africa . Seventy - five years later , after slavery was abolished , the immigration law was amended to include Africans and people of African descent — but nothing was said about Asians .
 With many Americans displeased with immigration from Asia ( and also from southern and eastern Europe ) , the U.S. district attorney ( prosecutor ) had objected when Ozawa applied for citizenship . The government , in its arguments to the Supreme Court , admitted that Ozawa would make a good citizen : He was well educated ; his family spoke English at home and attended church ; and he had lived in the United States for most of his life . There was nothing in his conduct that might suggest he would make a poor citizen . Nevertheless , the government argued in court that U.S. law had been clear , since 1790 : " Any alien being a free white person … may be admitted to become a citizen . " The only exception was made in the Naturalization Act of 1870 , which also made Africans or people of African descent eligible to become naturalized citizens . Ozawa did not fit any of these categories , in the government 's opinion .
 Ozawa 's lawyers cited inconsistencies in the way that U.S. immigration laws had been written . They argued that when Congress passed a new naturalization law in 1906 , it intended to overhaul the immigration law completely . Since the 1906 law had not specifically barred citizenship for Japanese people ( as other laws specifically barred Chinese people ) , Ozawa 's lawyers argued that he deserved to become a naturalized citizen . But the Supreme Court said no , ruling that if Congress had intended to remove the racial limitations on naturalized citizenship , it would have done so explicitly and decisively , rather than simply ignoring the issue . The Supreme Court noted that limiting citizenship to free white persons had been the law since 1790 and that the law had only been amended to include people born in Africa or of African descent . No such exception was ever made for Japanese , which both sides on the argument described as being a separate " race . "
 The Supreme Court also ruled on two other questions raised in the case : first , whether someone from Japan could be considered " white " under the law ; and second , whether Ozawa could be barred from becoming a citizen because of race .
 On the first question , Ozawa 's lawyers had argued that the original immigration laws referred to " free white persons " in order to distinguish them from enslaved Africans , or " black , " people . The lawyers tried to persuade the court that " white " meant " not black , " and that the phrase was not intended to exclude Asians . The court 's opinion rejected the argument , holding that people from Japan were not considered to be " Caucasian , " which was what the law meant by " white , " and were therefore not eligible to become citizens .
 On the second question , the court ruled that Congress did have the power under the Constitution to determine the basis on which immigrants could become citizens , even if the basis was a concept as vague as race .
 The Ozawa decision was significant in the history of immigration to the United States because it reconfirmed the importance of race when deciding whether immigrants should be allowed to become citizens — a standard for eligibility that had existed since the very beginnings of the United States as an independent country . The ruling came at a period of history when prejudice against racial and religious minorities was very strong among European American citizens , a fact that was not lost on the justices of the Supreme Court .
 The Ozawa case came before the court at a time when the United States had already begun to restrict immigrants , especially those from southern and eastern Europe . For the forty years preceding the case , a higher number of Europeans than ever before had come to the United States , including many from poor areas of southern and eastern Europe . The case was decided in an era when the idea of " race " seemed highly important to many Americans , who were disturbed by the large number of darker - skinned individuals from countries around the Mediterranean . Although the Supreme Court is intended to interpret what Congress might have meant in passing laws , and making sure those laws do not conflict with the U.S. Constitution ( the basic law of the land ) , in reality justices of the court usually have a political background and are often sensitive to the public sentiments of the time .
 The concept of race has always been vague , as the court 's opinion admits . What race is the child of a black mother and a white father , for example ? The court 's opinion brushes aside this fundamental issue by saying that such questions fall into a " zone of more or less debatable ground . " But since Ozawa had been born in Japan , the issue of his race was not subject to question : He was not white , and therefore not eligible to become a citizen .
 The court 's opinion carefully examined minute details of previous immigration laws in an effort to understand what Congress intended to do . On the subject of what constitutes a " white " person , the opinion in essence says the court did not have time to study the issue from a scientific basis . The court ruled that anyone who was not a " free white person " ( or who was not born in Africa or of African descent ) did not fall into the category of people eligible to become citizens , and that included people from Asia . On the question of whether the authors of the 1790 law intended to exclude Asians , the court simply said that it has no power to read the minds of the authors of the original law . Since no subsequent Congress changed the wording , the court had no power to rule otherwise .
 The act of June 29 , 1906 , entitled " An act to establish a Bureau of Immigration and Naturalization , and to provide for a uniform rule for the naturalization of aliens throughout the United States , " consists of 31 sections and deals primarily with the subject of procedure . There is nothing in the circumstances leading up to or accompanying the passage of the act which suggests that any modification of section 2169 , or of its application , was contemplated .
 " It is the opinion of your committee that the frauds and crimes which have been committed in regard to naturalization have resulted more from a lack of any uniform system of procedure in such matters than from any radical defect in the fundamental principles of existing law governing in such matters . The two changes which the committee has recommended in the principles controlling in naturalization matters and which are embodied in the bill submittedherewith are as follows : First , the requirement that before an alien can be naturalized he must be able to read , either in his own language or in the English language and to speak or understand the English language ; and , second , that the alien must intend to reside permanently in the United States before he shall be entitled to naturalization . "
 This seems to make it quite clear that no change of the fundamental character here involved was in mind … .
 " Any alien being a free white person … may be admitted to become a citizen … . " 1 Stat . 103 , c. 3 .
 This was subsequently enlarged to include aliens of African nativity and persons of African descent … .
 In all of the naturalization acts from 1790 to 1906 the privilege of naturalization was confined to white persons ( with the addition in 1870 of those of African nativity and descent ) , although the exact wording of the various statutes was not always the same . If Congress in 1906 desired to alter a rule so well and so long established it may be assumed that its purpose would have been definitely disclosed and its legislation to that end put in unmistakable terms … .
 It is the duty of this Court to give effect to the intent of Congress . Primarily this intent is ascertained by giving the words their natural significance , but if this leads to an unreasonable result plainly at variance with the policy of the legislation as a whole , we must examine the matter further . We may then look to the reason of the enactment and inquire into its antecedent history and give it effect in accordance with its design and purpose , sacrificing , if necessary , the literal meaning in order that the purpose may not fail … . We are asked [ by Ozawa 's lawyers ] to conclude that Congress , without the consideration or recommendation of any committee , without a suggestion as to the effect , or a word of debate as to the desirability , of so fundamental a change , nevertheless , by failing to alter the identifying words of section 2169 , which section we may assume was continued for some serious purpose , has radically modified a statute always theretofore maintained and considered as of great importance . It is inconceivable that a rule in force from the beginning of the government , a part of our history as well as our law , welded into the structure of our national polity by a century of legislative and administrative acts and judicial decisions , would have been deprived of its force in such dubious and casual fashion . Weare , therefore , constrained to hold that the act of 1906 is limited by the provisions of section 2169 of the Revised Statutes .
 Antecedent : Referring to a preceding event , condition , or cause .
 Literal : Referring to accepting the exact meaning of the words of a statement or opinion and allowing no further interpretation .
 Section 2169 : A sentence in the naturalization law that said naturalization " shall apply to aliens , being free white persons and to aliens of African nativity and to persons of African descent . " Ozama 's lawyers argued that because this sentence did not explicitly ban Japanese from becoming naturalized citizens , Congress did not intend to bar Japanese from becoming citizens when it passed a naturalization law in 1906 .
 Second . This brings us to inquire whether , under section 2169 , the appellant is eligible to naturalization . The language of the naturalization laws from 1790 to 1870 had been uniformly such as to deny the privilege of naturalization to an alien unless he came within the description " free white person . By section 7 of the act of July 14 , 1870 … , the naturalization laws were " extended to aliens of African nativity and to persons of African descent . " Section 2169 of the Revised Statutes , as already pointed out , restricts the privilege to the same classes of persons , viz . " to aliens being free white persons , and to aliens of African nativity and to persons of African descent . " It is true that in the first edition of the Revised Statutes of 1873 the words in brackets , " being free white persons , and to aliens " were omitted , but this was clearly an error of the compilers and was corrected by the subsequent legislation of 1875 … . Is appellant , therefore , a " free white person , " within the meaning of that phrase as found in the statute ?
 Appellant : A person bringing a lawsuit from a lower court to a higher court for a new hearing .
 On behalf of the appellant it is urged that we should give to this phrase the meaning which it had in the minds of its original framers in 1790 and that it was employed by them for the sole purpose of excluding the black or African race and the Indians then inhabiting this country . It may be true that those two races were alone thought of as being excluded , but to say that they were the only ones within the intent of the statute would be to ignore the affirmative form of the legislation . The provision is not that Negroes and Indians shall be excluded , but it is , in effect , that only free white persons shall be included . The intention was to confer the privilege of citizenship upon that class of persons whom the fathers knew as white , and to deny it to all who could not be so classified . It is not enough to say that the framers did not have in mind the brown or yellow races of Asia . It is necessary to go farther and be able to say that had these particular races been suggested the language of the act would have been so varied as to include them within its privileges … .
 Affirmative form : The structure of a phrase denoting assent or agreement .
 Framers : Those who wrote the Constitution .
 If it be assumed that the opinion of the framers was that the only persons who would fall outside the designation " white " were Negroes and Indians , this would go no farther than to demonstrate their lack of sufficient information to enable them to foresee precisely who would be excluded by that term in the subsequent administration of the statute . It is not important in construing their words to consider the extent of their ethnological knowledge or whether they thoughtthat under the statute the only persons who would be denied naturalization would be Negroes and Indians . It is sufficient to ascertain whom they intended to include and having ascertained that it follows , as a necessary corollary , that all others are to be excluded .
 Corollary : Deduction that needs no proof .
 The question then is : Who are comprehended within the phrase " free white persons " ? Undoubtedly the word " free " was originally used in recognition of the fact that slavery then existed and that some white persons occupied that status . The word , however , has long since ceased to have any practical significance and may now be disregarded .
 We have been furnished with elaborate briefs in which the meaning of the words " white person " is discussed with ability and at length , both from the standpoint of judicial decision and from that of the science of ethnology . It does not seem to us necessary , however , to follow counsel in their extensive researches in these fields . It is sufficient to note the fact that these decisions are , in substance , to the effect that the words import a racial and not an individual test , and with this conclusion , fortified as it is by reason and authority , we entirely agree . Manifestly the test afforded by the mere color of the skin of each individual is impracticable , as that differs greatly among persons of the same race , even among Anglo - Saxons , ranging by imperceptible gradations from the fair blond to the swarthy brunette , the latter being darker than many of the lighter hued persons of the brown or yellow races . Hence to adopt the color test alone would result in a confused overlapping of races and a gradual merging of one into the other , without any practical line of separation … . Moreover , that conclusion has become so well established by judicial and executive concurrence and legislative acquiescence that we should not at this late day feel at liberty to disturb it , in the absence of reasons far more cogent than any that have been suggested … . The determination that the words " white person " are synonymous with the words " a person of the Caucasian race " simplifies the problem , although it does not entirely dispose of it . Controversies have arisen and will no doubt arise again in respect of the proper classification of individuals in border line cases . The effect of the conclusion that the words " white person " means a Caucasian is not to establish a sharp line of demarcation between those who are entitled and those who are not entitled to naturalization , but rather a zone of more or less debatable ground outside of which , upon the one hand , are those clearly eligible , and outside of which , upon the other hand , are those clearly ineligiblefor citizenship . Individual cases falling within this zone must be determined as they arise from time to time by what this court has called , in another connection … , " the gradual process of judicial inclusion and exclusion . "
 Impracticable : Incapable of being accomplished .
 Anglo - Saxons : Descendants of the Germanic peoples who conquered England in the fifth century c.e . , in this case referring to white non - Jews .
 Imperceptible gradations : Gradual stages barely capable of being seen .
 Judicial and executive concurrence : Agreement between courts of justice and the executive branch of government .
 Legislative acquiescence : Acceptance by those who make laws .
 Caucasian : Of or relating to the white race .
 The briefs filed on behalf of appellant refer in complimentary terms to the culture and enlightenment of the Japanese people , and with this estimate we have no reason to disagree ; but these are matters which can not enter into our consideration of the questions here at issue . We have no function in the matter other than to ascertain the will of Congress and declare it . Of course there is not implied — either in the legislation or in our interpretation of it — any suggestion of individual unworthiness or racial inferiority . These considerations are in no manner involved … .
 Briefs : Legal documents outlining the facts and points in a case .
 Two years after the Ozawa case , the Supreme Court ruled in another case ( United States v. Bhagat Singh Thind ) involving a man described as " a high - caste Hindu , of full Indian blood , born at Amritsar , Punjab , India " who had applied for citizenship , arguing that he was " Caucasian . " In the Ozawa case , the Court ruled that the word " white " did not really refer to skin color ( since many people have lighter or darker skins ) , but rather to the " Caucasian " race . But in the Thind case , the Court took the opposite approach : Thind might be Caucasian , in a scientific sense , but in a popular sense , his skin was too dark to qualify as " white , " and therefore he was not eligible to become a citizen , the court ruled . " It may be true , " wrote U.S. Supreme Court justice George Sutherland ( 1862–1942 ) , " that the blond Scandinavian and the brown Hindu have a common ancestor in the dim reaches of antiquity , but the average man knows perfectly well that there are unmistakable and profound differences between them today ; and it is not impossible , if that common ancestor could be materialized in the flesh , we should discover that he was himself sufficiently differentiated from both of his descendants to preclude his racial classification with either . " In other words , the " average man " knows a " white " person when he sees one , even if lawyers and scientists can not agree on what the term means . It was a startling admission that the concept of race and skin color , applied to immigration law , had no real meaning beyond what the " average man " might think at any given moment .
 In 1924 , Congress took another approach to limiting immigration . The Immigration Act of 1924 set permanent limits on the number of immigrants from each country . From 1924 through 1927 , the number of immigrants from any one country was set at 2 percent of the number of foreign - born people of that nationality already in the United States in 1890 . After July 1 , 1927 , the limits on each nationality were determined by a more complicated formula calculated by determining what percentage of the total population was represented by each national group , then multiplying that percentage by 150,000 . Thus , if nationality " A " represented 1 percent of the U.S. population in 1890 , the number of immigrants of nationality " A " admitted each year would equal 1 percent of 150,000 , or 1,500 people . The practical effect of the 1924 law was to limit severely the number of immigrants after 1924 , especially immigrants from non - European countries . The law also included a provision that barred anyone from immigrating who was not eligible to become a citizen . This provision was specifically aimed at Japanese immigrants and was at least partly based on the Ozawa decision of the Supreme Court .
 The Ozawa case was just one of several examples of how racial consciousness played a large role in American politics during the 1920s . The year before the decision was handed down by the Supreme Court , Congress had passed the Emergency Quota Act of 1921 , which limited immigration from any single country to a number equal to 3 percent of the number of immigrants of that country who were living in the United States in 1910 .
 The Ku Klux Klan was a secret organization that first appeared after the American Civil War ( 1861–65 ) as a means of terrorizing newly freed African American slaves and discouraging them from exercising their right to vote . Members of the original Klan wore long , white robes with a tall , peaked hood . They often burned crosses near African American neighborhoods at night as a means of frightening black people . In 1915 , a new organization had been formed , using the same name as the Klan and the same costumes . The second version , however , was more open in its membership . Rather than being limited to the southern states , like the first Klan , the reborn Klan found many members in states of the Midwest , particularly Indiana . Although the second Klan still burned crosses , it also took on the form of a social club . Many elected politicians , including future president Harry S. Truman ( 1884–1972 ; served 1945–53 ) , admitted to belonging to the Klan for a time . Whereas the first Klan had aimed its attacks at newly freed slaves , the second Klan attracted people opposed not only to racial minorities but also to Catholics , Jews , and immigrants from southern Europe ( many of whom were also Catholic ) . Inside organizations like the Ku Klux Klan , racial prejudice and religious prejudice went hand in hand .
 George Sutherland , the Supreme Court justice who wrote the opinion in Ozawa v. United States , was himself an immigrant . Sutherland was born in Buckinghamshire , England , and brought to the United States as a baby . His family settled in what was then Utah Territory , which be came a state in 1896 . Sutherland , a Republican , was Utah 's sole U.S. representative from 1901 to 1903 and a U.S. senator from 1905 to 1917 . He was nominated for the Supreme Court by President Warren Harding ( 1860–1924 ; served 1921–24 ) on September 5 , 1922 , and confirmed by the Senate on the same day . He had been a Supreme Court justice for just a month when the Ozawa case was argued , October 3–4 , 1922 . The case was decided one month later , on November 13 , 1922 .
 Dudley , William , ed . Asian Americans : Opposing Viewpoints . San Diego , CA : Greenhaven Press , 1997 .
 Ichihashi , Yamato . Japanese in the United States . Stanford , CA : Stanford University Press , 1932 . Reprint , New York : Arno Press , 1969 .
 Ichioka , Yuji . The Issei : The World of the First Generation Japanese Immigrants , 1885–1924 . New York : Free Press , 1988 .
 Tehranian , John . " Performing Whiteness : Naturalization Litigation and the Construction of Racial Identity in America . " Yale Law Journal ( January 2000 ): p. 817 .
 " The History of Japanese Immigration . " The Brown Quarterly ( Spring 2000 ) . http://brownvboard.org/brwnqurt/03-4/03-4a.htm ( accessed on February 29 , 2004 ) .
 " In What Ways Did Our Laws Institutionalize Racial Prejudice Against Japanese Americans ? " Denshō : The Japanese American Legacy Project.http://www.densho.org/causes/1racism/1institutionalizedracism.asp ( accessed on February 29 , 2004 ) .
 " Takao Ozawa v. U S , 260 U.S. 178 ( 1922 ) . " FindLaw.com . http://caselaw.lp.findlaw.com/scripts/getcase.pl?navby=search&court=US&case=/us/260/178.html ( accessed on February 29 , 2004 ) .
 " Ozawa v. United States . " U.S. Immigration and Migration Reference Library . . Encyclopedia.com . 29 Mar. 2019 < https://www.encyclopedia.com > .


text:
Every business is unique, much like its owner.
The most effective way for CMResource to have a valuable impact on your business is for us to start with a free initial consultation. This allows us to share your aspirations and future vision for your business and also offload any concerns or worries you may have about moving forward.
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Call us on 077866 55929 or email us at clare@cmresource.co.uk.

tokenized:
Every business is unique , much like its owner .
 The most effective way for CMResource to have a valuable impact on your business is for us to start with a free initial consultation . This allows us to share your aspirations and future vision for your business and also offload any concerns or worries you may have about moving forward .
 Investing in CMResource to support your business is flexible to suit a wide range of businesses and budgets and we can provide a project brief with costings , whether it ’s short term help , specific project planning and execution , or regular support to your business needs .
 Call us on 077866 55929 or email us at clare@cmresource.co.uk .


text:
Class E Driver Licenses will be valid for 8 years, except for Customers 80 years of age and older.
Class A, B, or C Driver Licenses will be valid for 8 years, except for Customers 80 years of age and older. Licenses with a Hazardous Materials Endorsement will be valid for only 4 years.
All Licenses for Customers 80 years of age and older will be valid for only 6 years.
ID Cards for Children ages 5 to 14 years of age will be valid for 4 years.
ID Cards for Customers ages 15 years of age and older will be valid for 8 years.

tokenized:
Class E Driver Licenses will be valid for 8 years , except for Customers 80 years of age and older .
 Class A , B , or C Driver Licenses will be valid for 8 years , except for Customers 80 years of age and older . Licenses with a Hazardous Materials Endorsement will be valid for only 4 years .
 All Licenses for Customers 80 years of age and older will be valid for only 6 years .
 ID Cards for Children ages 5 to 14 years of age will be valid for 4 years .
 ID Cards for Customers ages 15 years of age and older will be valid for 8 years .


text:
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I wish you guys the very best, and thanks for the opportunity Coolheadedlady Well yes i have found someone.

tokenized:
My advice to all my fellow women out there who have been disappointed so many times like me to give love another chance .
 Many thanks to the Admin and founder of this web site for making my long dream come true .
 We met here few months ago regardless of the distance between us we have been so strong and finally met each other , planning to marry in the near future !
 It is valid to say true love can be found anywhere you just have to log on at the right time and click on the right username !
 It was fun while it lasted and I made some really good friends .
 However , I find I do n't have the time to get on as often as I would like .
 I wish you guys the very best , and thanks for the opportunity Coolheadedlady Well yes i have found someone .


text: I am currently a sophomore at Flathead High School in Kalispell, Montana. I hope to someday enter law school and pursue a career in Human Rights Law. When I’m not studying, I can usually be found reading news articles, studying foreign languages and consuming way too much coffee.

tokenized: I am currently a sophomore at Flathead High School in Kalispell , Montana . I hope to someday enter law school and pursue a career in Human Rights Law . When I ’m not studying , I can usually be found reading news articles , studying foreign languages and consuming way too much coffee .


text:
The first three Ocean Eagle 43’s will operate as fishery patrol vessels for a new fleet of 27 fishing vessels being built by CMN shipyard (Constructions Mécaniques de Normandie), in Cherbourg for the government of Mozambique.
The Ocean Eagle 43 has a launch pad for fixed or rotary wing unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) up to 300kg, stowage for a 7m high performance RIB, optical and radar sensors, air-sea radio transmission of satellite data and a medium calibre remote controlled gun turret.
New solutions were needed to create a new type of vessel, suitable for patrol and control enforcement of sovereign sea-space over large areas and for long periods of time, accessible to countries with budget constraints.

tokenized:
The first three Ocean Eagle 43 ’s will operate as fishery patrol vessels for a new fleet of 27 fishing vessels being built by CMN shipyard ( Constructions Mécaniques de Normandie ) , in Cherbourg for the government of Mozambique .
 The Ocean Eagle 43 has a launch pad for fixed or rotary wing unmanned aerial vehicles ( UAVs ) up to 300 kg , stowage for a 7 m high performance RIB , optical and radar sensors , air - sea radio transmission of satellite data and a medium calibre remote controlled gun turret .
 New solutions were needed to create a new type of vessel , suitable for patrol and control enforcement of sovereign sea - space over large areas and for long periods of time , accessible to countries with budget constraints .